doc_id
int64 10.5M
12.8M
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stringlengths 68
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12,602,523
|
[description] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a step-wise procedure for the synthesis of a hybrid inorganic material (“HIM”) in accordance with an example embodiment hereof. FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic representation of an experimental set-up using a hybrid inorganic material (“HIM”) for sensing dissolved heavy metals according to an example embodiment hereof. A typical empty bed contact time (“EBCT”) is from about 10 sec to about 15 sec. FIG. 3 is a plot showing pH around 9 at the column exit in the absence of heavy metal. Changeover to deionized (“DI”) water showed no impact on pH. Saline influent [Na(I)=100 mg/L, Ca(II)=20 mg/L, pH=5.4, EBCT=0.2 min] is represented by diamonds (♦), and deionized water influent is represented by squares (▪). The vertical axis is pH, and the horizontal axis is bed volume (“BV”). FIG. 4 is a plot showing a significant drop in pH, left axis, represented by squares (▪), in the presence of zinc in the influent feed water [Na(I)=100 mg/L, Ca(II)=20 mg/L, Zn(II)=0.5 mg/L, pH=5.1, EBCT=0.16 min]. The concentration of Zn(II) in eluted water ranged from 0.0 mg/L to 0.5 mg/L, right axis, represented by diamonds (♦). The horizontal axis is bed volume (“BV”). Note that the exit pH returned to almost the initial value when feed water was replaced by DI water (solid vertical line). FIG. 5 depicts results from an experiment in which phenolphthalein indicator solution turned from pink to colorless as zinc started to elute from the exit of the column. FIG. 6 is a plot showing how pH at the exit of column changed when lead of 0.4 mg/L was present in feed water [Na(I)=100 mg/L, Ca(II)=20 mg/L, Pb(II)=0.4 mg/L, pH=5.2, EBCT=0.107 min]. The drop in pH, left axis, represented by diamonds (♦), occurred much later (after 10,000 bed volumes) compared to the case when zinc was present in influent. The concentration of Pb(II) in eluent water is plotted along the right axis, and it is represented by squares (▪). The horizontal axis is bed volume (BV). FIG. 7 is a plot showing how pH at the exit of column changed when zinc of 1.0 mg/L was present in feed water [Na(I)=100 mg/L, Ca(II)=20 mg/L, Zn(II)=1.0 mg/L, pH=5.1, EBCT=0.16 min]. The drop in pH, left axis, represented by diamonds (♦), occurred earlier when compared to the case when zinc was present in influent at a concentration of 0.5 mg/L. The concentration of Zn(II) in eluent water is plotted along the right axis, and it is represented by squares (▪). The horizontal axis is bed volume (BV). FIG. 8 is a plot showing the negative slope of the pH curve, −dpH/dBV (left axis, scale×1000), versus bed volume (horizontal axis) for two different concentrations of zinc. The two different peaks, 1.0 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L, appear at different times. FIG. 9 includes two plots of the negative slope of the pH curve, −dpH/dBV (left axis, scale×1000), versus bed volume (horizontal axis) for nickel (Ni(II)) and lead (Pb(II)), which shows the difference in time and magnitude of response with respect to pH for these two different heavy metals. FIG. 10 is a plot of the negative slope of the pH curve, −dpH/dBV (left axis, scale×1000), versus bed volume, which shows a larger peak that appeared earlier for zinc of 1 mg/L with a varied HIM composition.
|
['G01N3320']
|
detailed_description
|
11,353,528
|
[summary] A system and/or method is provided for pipelined processing in an integrated embedded image and video accelerator substantially as shown in and/or described in connection with at least one of the figures, as set forth more completely in the claims. These and other advantages, aspects and novel features of the present invention, as well as details of an illustrated embodiment thereof, will be more fully understood from the following description and drawings.
|
['G06K936']
|
summary
|
11,874,459
|
[description] Some preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the appended drawings. A rotation angle detecting device 10 according to the first embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1-5 and FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C. The rotation angle detecting device 10 according to the first embodiment is a device for detecting rotation angle of an engine crankshaft of a vehicle or a steering wheel thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotation angle detecting device 10 includes a pair of permanent magnets 12 and 14, a pair of Hall elements 21 and 22 and an electronic control unit 30 (hereinafter referred to the ECU 30). The Hall elements 21, 22 and the ECU 30 are formed in a unit. However, they can be separated from each other. The permanent magnets 12, 14 form a magnetic field forming member that provides a parallel magnetic field of a uniform magnetic flux density and rotates together with a rotating object. The Hall elements 21, 22 incline to each other at an angle a to form a magnetic sensor, which is connected to the ECU 30 to be operated thereby. The ECU 30 has a memory that is installed a rotation angle calculation program, which will be described later. When the permanent magnets 12, 14 of the field forming member rotates together with a rotating object, the Hall elements 21, 22 output a pair of sinusoidal voltage signals 100, 102 whose phase difference is α, as shown in FIG. 3. Assuming that: the rotation angle of a rotating object is θ; the output voltage of the output voltage signal 100 is Va; the output voltage of the output voltage signal 102 is Vb; the sensitivity coefficient of the Hall elements is k; the initial phase angle of the output voltage signals of the Hall elements 21, 22 are, respectively, β and γ; the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field that is formed by the permanent magnets 12, 14 is B; and the amount of constant current is I, Va, Vb and α can be expressed as follows. Va=kBI·sin(θ−β) (1) Vb=kBI·sin (θ+γ) (2) α=γ−β (3) Here, an operation angle θ′ is defined as an angle that corresponds to the rotation angle of a rotating object in a cycle of 180 degrees The operation angle θ′ is expressed as follows. θ′=arctan (cot(α/2)×(Va−Vb)/(Va+Vb)) (4) If, for example, the amplitude of the output voltage signal 102 is 1% smaller than the amplitude of the output voltage signal 100 as shown in FIG. 5, an angle error is produced as shown in FIG. 6A. This error periodically changes up to an amount of about 1.1° at a cycle of 180 degrees as the rotation angle of a rotating object changes. If a negative offset voltage is applied to the output voltage signal 102 as shown in FIG. 5, an angle error is produced as shown in FIG. 6B. This error periodically changes up to an amount of about ±1.2° at a cycle of 360 degrees as the rotation angle 0 of a rotating object changes. If, on the other hand, the phase difference between two of the output voltage signals changes by 1.0°, an angle error is produced as shown in FIG. 6C. This error periodically changes in a range between +0.5° and −1.5 at a cycle of 180 degrees as the rotation angle of a rotating object changes. The operation of the rotation angle detecting device 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 1. At first, whether an offset correction is necessary or not is examined. For this purpose, the ECU30 reads each of the output voltages Va, Vb of the output voltage signals 100, 102 of the Hall elements 21, 22 at step S100. Then, whether the output voltages Va, Vb are respectively higher than maximum values Vamax, Vbmax is examined at S102. If the result is NO, whether the output voltages Va, Vb are respectively lower than minimum values Vamin, Vbmin is examined at S104. If the output voltages Va, Vb respectively fall within a range between the maximum values and the minimum values, an offset value correction and an amplitude correction are carried out at S114 and S116. If; on the other hand, the output voltages Va, Vb are higher than the maximum values Vamax, Vbmax, the output voltages Ma, Vb are updated by the maximum values Vamax, Vbmax at S106. If; on the other hand, the output voltages Va, Vb are lower than the minimum values Vamin, Vbmin, the output voltages Va, Vb are updated by the minimum values Vamin, Vbmin at S108. Thereafter, offset correction values Vaoff, Vboff are updated according to the maximum values Vamax, Vbmax and the minimum values Vamin, Vbmin at S110. The offset correction is carried out according to the following expressions. Vaoff=(Vamax+Vamin)/2 (5), Vboff(Vbmax+Vbmin)/2 (6) Then, the amplitude correction is carried out according to the maximum values Vamax, Vbmax and the minimum values Vamin, Vbmin at S112. Amplitude correction values Vagain, Vbgain are expressed as follows. Vagain=Vamax−Vaoff (7) Vbgain=Vbmax−Vboff (8) Subsequently, the offsets of the output voltage signals are corrected according to the offset correction values at S114, where the offsets are corrected according to the following expressions, Va′=Va−Vaoff (9) Vb′=Vb=Vboff (10) Next, the amplitudes of the output voltage signals Va, Vb are corrected at S116 according to the following expressions. Va″=Vat′ (11) Vb″=Vb′×Vagain/Vbgain (12) As a result, the output voltage signals 100, 102 shown in FIG. 5 are corrected to be the output voltage signals shown in FIG. 3. That is, the output voltage after correction Va″, Vb″ are expressed as follows, wherein k″ is a coefficient to normalize the amplitude of the Va″, Vb″ to “1”, and α″ is a phase difference of the output voltage signals 100, 102 after correction. Va″=k″·sin(θ+β″) (13) Vb″=k″·sin(θ+γβ″) (14) α″=γ″−β″ (15) θ′=arctan (cot(α″/2)×(Va″−Vb″)/(Va″+Vb″)) (16) Thereafter, whether the voltage of each of the corrected output voltage signals of the Hall elements 21, 22 is 0 or not is examined at
|
['G01B730']
|
detailed_description
|
11,232,215
|
[claim] 1. A physiologically ingestible composition comprising microstructured water consisting essentially of hydrogen and oxygen atoms and having a boiling point higher than the boiling point of double distilled water. 2. A method for treating infections in a mammal, comprising: administering to said mammal an effective amount of the physiologically ingestible composition of claim 1. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said mammal is a human or a horse. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is administered topically. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is suspended in a gel, cream, suspension, ointment or lotion. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is suspended in a liquid and administered in the form of drops or a spray. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is administered orally, buccally, sublingually, parenterally, intramuscularly, or intravenously. 8. The method of claim 2, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is administered in a region infected with anaerobic organisms. 9. The method of claim 2, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is administered systemically. 10. A physiologically ingestible composition, comprising: microstructured water consisting essentially of hydrogen and oxygen atoms and having a boiling point higher than the boiling point of double distilled water, wherein said composition further comprises dissolved oxygen in an amount of about 20-150 ppm. 11. A method for treating infections in a mammal, comprising: administering to said mammal an effective amount of the physiologically ingestible composition of matter of claim 10. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein said mammal is a human or a horse. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the effective amount is at least approximately 500 ml. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is administered systemically. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is administered topically. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is suspended in a gel, cream, suspension, ointment or lotion. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is suspended in a liquid and administered in the form of drops or a spray. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is administered orally, buccally, sublingually, parenterally, intramuscularly, or intravenously. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the physiologically ingestible composition of matter is administered in a region infected with anaerobic organisms. 20. The method of claim 11, wherein the administering of the physiologically ingestible composition occurs by at least one of oral, topical, parenteral, or any combination thereof, and wherein the administering of the physiologically ingestible composition occurs at least one of before, during, after, or any combination thereof said infections.
|
['A61K3300']
|
claim
|
11,823,430
|
Branched stent/graft and method of fabrication [SEP] [abstract] Branched braided stent or graft devices and processes for fabrication of the devices are disclosed in which a trunk portion and two hinge leg portions are fabricated in one piece braided from a single plurality of filaments, whereby the legs contain the full plurality of filaments and the trunk portion contains a subset of the same plurality of filaments. The fabrication process involves braiding the hinged legs on a mandrel while retaining loops of filament between the hinged leg portions for subsequent braiding of the trunk portion of the stent or graft.
|
['A61F206']
|
abstract
|
11,036,061
|
Container with a dispenser [SEP] [abstract] The present invention discloses a cost effective container integrally attached to at least one flexible dispenser, comprising a ready to use flowing edible content. The present invention also discloses novel method of providing ready to use edible foodstuffs or beverages to users such as babies and toddlers that cannot use bottles having an aperture with a plane orifice.
|
['A61J900']
|
abstract
|
11,646,496
|
Dynamic network security system and control method thereof [SEP] [abstract] A dynamic network security system and control method thereof dynamically judges application of a firewall in a router where firewall and VoIP ALG functions are integrated. A VoIP ALG for seamless VoIP service dynamically shares information (e.g., IP, port) on a VoIP media packet with the firewall, and thus when the VoIP media packet ingress a firewall intranet, firewall application on the VoIP media packet is intelligently processed. Unlike conventional methods set to statically apply firewall rule to particular IP and port, the firewall rule can be applied to or relieved from particular IP and port in real-time, and thus firewall policy can be operated more securely.
|
['G06F1516']
|
abstract
|
11,920,738
|
Device for Recording and Transferring a Contour [SEP] [abstract] The invention relates to a device for recording and transferring the contours of a wound or opening in tissue of a human being comprising a transparent polymer sheet having a first and a second surface, wherein the first surface faces the wound or opening and the second surface comprises a central portion and an edge portion wherein the edge portion is provided with an adhesive layer. The device is placed over the wound or opening and the contours are traced on the central portion of the device, then the device is reversed and transferred to an appliance, and an aperture is cut from the traced contours.
|
['A61F5448']
|
abstract
|
11,695,141
|
[description] Referring to FIG. 1, there is provided a block diagram of a preferred embodiment. The system controller 100 contains a processor 110, and memory 120. Processor 110 and memory 120 execute software instructions to accomplish the invention. The system controller 100 interfaces with a wireless transceiver 200, an audio recording device 300, a video recording device 400, an information storage device 500, a vehicle tracking device 600, a video display device 700, and a stimulus sensing device 800. As will be apparent, some of the components (i.e. peripherals) of the present invention are necessary. For example, the invention could have only video monitoring equipment and not include the ability to monitor audio or vibration. Such an embodiment is possible, but not preferred. The system controller 100 can filter out irrelevant information not related to the triggering event, compress all information before transmission or storage, and has a dormant power saving mode. The system controller 100 will awake from the dormant mode when the user remotely communicates with the motor vehicle monitoring system or an audio recording device 300, a video recording device 400, or a stimulus-sensing (i.e. vibration sensing) device 800 detects a triggering event. The triggering event can be selectively chosen and fine tuned or calibrated. The user can decide that certain events do not qualify as an event that would trigger the system. For example, perhaps the user routinely parks in an area where loud music is played. The user does not want to be alerted unnecessarily so he or she creates a profile wherein audio events do not trigger the system. Upon leaving that area, the user can switch to a different profile specifically tailored to another location or situation. The wireless transceiver 200 is capable of communicating over wireless communication channels using a variety of protocols including, but not limited to, CDMA, GSM, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi (
|
['H04N718' 'G08B100']
|
detailed_description
|
11,828,762
|
[invention] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art. Medical practitioners and hospitals strive to reduce the time required to safely perform medical procedures, while reducing the amount of space required to locate necessary medical equipment at or near an operating theater. The time reduction is beneficial to the patient by reducing the possibility of surgical complications, and beneficial to the hospital by allowing more procedures to be preformed in a given day. The space reduction enables additional medical staff to have improved access to a patient during an operation. Accordingly, there is a consistent need to increase the efficiency of the operating theater before, during and after a medical procedure. Referring now to FIG. 1 , a known medical servicing system 10 is illustrated. The medical servicing system 10 includes a service module 12 that is supported on a ceiling 14 by an overhead suspension system 16 . The medical servicing system 10 is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Publication No. US 2003/0076015 A1, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference. The service module 12 includes a plurality of adjustable shelves 18 , on which medical equipment 19 is supported. Although the medical servicing system 10 of FIG. 1 improves the operating theater efficiency in comparison to previously known systems, the service module 12 is larger and is less efficient than desired. There remains a need for a medical servicing system that is easy to operate, is able to efficiently position, organize, and support medical instruments and services, is adaptable to support today's and tomorrow's technology, and allows efficient movement of the supported instruments and services before, during and after a medical procedure.
|
['A47B4600']
|
background
|
11,508,979
|
[summary] It is an objective of the present invention to provide a method for enabling a computer to provide a plurality of items of service so that a user can select one of the items of service to execute at least one application corresponding to the selected item of service only, to turn on at least one device corresponding to the selected item of service only, and to turn off devices that are irrelevant to the selected item of service. Thus, the computer provides service corresponding to the selected item of service while consuming a reduced amount of electricity. According to the present invention, a method for saving electricity consumed by a computer includes the steps of defining a plurality of items of service so that a user can select one of the items of service, identifying at least one device, driver and application corresponding to the selected item of service and providing a simplified process for actuating the device, driver and application corresponding to the selected item of service. In an aspect, the simplified process includes the steps of executing the basic input and out system (hereinafter referred to as “BIOS”) of the computer, turning on all of the devices of the computer and inviting the user to select from a normal mode and an electricity-saving mode, allowing the BIOS to execute an operating system of the computer if the normal mode is selected, stopping the BIOS temporarily if the electricity-saving mode is selected, providing the items of service so that the user to select one of the items of service, executing the driver corresponding to the selected item of service, executing the application corresponding to the selected item of service to provide service corresponding to the selected item of service and turning off the other devices, which are irrelevant to the selected item of service. The method may include the step of defining several modes for the operation of a central processing device of the computer corresponding to the items of service. The simplified process may include the step of operating the central processing device of the computer in one of the modes corresponding to the selected item of service. It is another objective of the present invention to provide a computer including a central processing device, a plurality of peripherals, a power supply and a switch circuit. The central processing device includes a CPU, a chip set, a memory and a BIOS chip for storing a BIOS. The peripherals are connected to the chip set. The peripherals include one for storing an operating system, an electricity-saving system, a plurality of drivers and a plurality of applications. The power supply provides electricity to the central processing device and the peripherals. The switch circuit is provided for controlling the supply of electricity to the peripherals. The BIOS loads the electricity-saving system to the memory when the power supply normally provides the electricity. The electricity-saving system provides a plurality of items of service so that a user can select one of the items of service to execute the driver and application corresponding to the selected item of service, and to turn off some of the peripherals which are irrelevant to the selected item of service via the switch circuit. It is still another objective of the present invention to provide a computer including a central processing device, a plurality of peripherals, a power supply, a switch circuit and a plurality of buttons. The central processing device includes a CPU, a chip set, a memory and a BIOS chip for storing a BIOS. The peripherals are connected to the chip set and comprise one for storing an operating system, an electricity-saving system, a plurality of drivers and a plurality of applications. The power supply provides electricity to the central processing device and the peripherals. The switch circuit is provided for controlling the supply of electricity to the peripherals. The buttons are connected to the chip set so that one of items of service is selected and the BIOS is executed when a corresponding one of the buttons is pushed. The BIOS loads the electricity-saving system to the memory when the power supply normally provides the electricity. The electricity-saving system executes the driver and application corresponding to the selected item of service, and turns off some of the peripherals which are irrelevant to the selected item of service via the switch circuit. Other objectives, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description referring to the attached drawings.
|
['G05B1500']
|
summary
|
12,663,277
|
[claim] 1. A derivative financial product comprising: An underlying asset based on a Third-Party Data performance indicator of one or more Retail Product(s), an exercise price based on said underlying asset, a standard unit for said underlying asset, and a time of expiration for said combination of said underlying asset, said standard unit and said exercise price. 2. A derivative financial product as in claim 1, wherein the Third Party Data performance indicator is a ratio of unit volume to historic comparables of one or more Retail Product(s). 3. A derivative financial product as in claim 2, wherein the exercise price is based on the Third Party Data performance indicator reaching a pre-determined level of performance relative to historic comparator(s). 4. A combination of derivative financial products from claim 2 where the pre-determined levels of performance for the common Retail Product are established such that the derivative financial products are mutually exclusive. 5. A combination of derivative financial products from claim 2 where the pre-determined levels of performance for the common Retail Product are established such that the derivative financial products are collectively exhaustive. 6. A combination of derivative financial products from claim 2 where the pre-determined levels of performance for the common Retail Product are established such that the derivative financial products are both mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive.
|
['G06Q4000']
|
claim
|
12,136,952
|
RING OSCILLATOR USING ANALOG PARALLELISM [SEP] [abstract] An apparatus including a ring oscillator and related methods are disclosed. The ring oscillator includes at least two ring loops. A first ring loop includes a plurality of series coupled delay cells. At least one additional ring loop includes a plurality of series coupled delay cells. The at least one additional ring loop is coupled to the first ring loop by one or more common delay cells shared between the first ring loop and the at least one additional ring loops.
|
['H03K303']
|
abstract
|
12,633,823
|
[summary] In the case of conventional objective lens, however, the working distance is insufficient to observe a thick sample using the above mentioned application, particularly with 2-photon excitation.
|
['G02B2102']
|
summary
|
10,596,273
|
[description] Referring to the drawings in particular, the present invention pertains to an automatic driver device (3) and, in addition, also to a driving station (1) equipped therewith. FIG. 1 shows a detail of an assembly station (1), which is designed as a driving station for one or more components (2) here. The component is preferably a vehicle body and parts thereof here. For example, chassis parts, especially a complete underbody with engine, axles, etc., are connected and fastened or bolted to the body here. The body (2) or other components are brought into the driving station (1) with a conveyor, not shown, e.g., a C-type suspension gear and again removed after the assembly operation. The components (2) are mounted on suitable support and clamping devices in the correct position. The chassis parts are brought into the assembly station (1) with a suitable aggregate carrier, which may also be a spindle carrier (35) with a plurality of spindle extensions, which are positioned corresponding to the joining points and are possibly mobile. As an alternative, the spindle carrier (35) may be arranged separately from the aggregate carrier. It may otherwise have any desired and suitable design, e.g., corresponding to DE-37 29 084 A1. An automatic driver device (3), which is schematically shown in FIG. 1 and in greater detail in FIGS. 2 through 10, is used for the assembly operation and for driving together the components. It comprises at least one basic carrier (8) and a plurality of driving tools (4, 5) with adjusting means (9, 16, 17, 24, 25). The driving operation takes place via the intermediary of the spindle carrier (35) shown in FIG. 1. The driving tools (4, 5) are fed to the spindle extensions and caused to mesh by their driving heads (22) with the screwdriver mounts located at the bottom. The spindle extensions have been equipped in advance with the corresponding fasteners, typically screw screws or nuts. As an alternative, the driving operation may be carried out directly at the components (2) by means of the driving tools (4, 5) in an embodiment that is not shown, in which case the driving tools (4, 5) are equipped with the corresponding fasteners, typically screws or nuts. The driving device (4, 5) are present in a large numbers. The number of single drive tools may correspond to the number of fastening points on the component (2) and the number of spindle extensions. If different types of components are processed in a flexible mix, the number of driving tools (4, 5) may be selected according to the largest occurring number of fastening points and spindle extensions. The joining process is carried out from below in the embodiment being shown with upright driving tools (4, 5) that can be fed in the z axis. This arrangement may also be different in an alternative. The basic carrier (8) has a plate-like design and preferably has a parallelepipedic shape. It may be plate-like with a closed upper surface and optionally a closed lower surface. As an alternative, it may also be a lattice frame. The basic carrier (8) forms a plane load-bearing structure in this case. The basic carrier (8) may be height-adjustable by means of a suitable lifting device (not shown). The basic carrier (8) preferably has a chassis on the underside, with which it can be withdrawn and extended at the driving station (1). A suitable guide (30), e.g., a straight rail guide, may be present for this at the bottom (30) of the station. As an alternative, rotation mobility or other suitable kinematics may also be present. The basic carrier (8) can be moved as a result with a suitable drive between a working position at or under the components (2) and a withdrawn inoperative position while the working space at or under the components (2) is released. A plurality of driving tools (4, 5) are arranged individually or in driver/driving groups (6, 7) at the basic carrier (8). They are preferably located all on the top side of the basic carrier (8) and project vertically or obliquely upward. The design of the driving tools (4, 5) will be explained below on the basis of FIGS. 5 through 10. The driving tools (4, 5) are mounted in the main plane of the basic carrier (8) such that they are movable in one direction or two directions along the x and y axes by means of adjusting mechanism or means (9, 16, 17). The x axis extends here along the driving station (1) and the transfer line. At least one of the adjusting means is designed here as a multistep carriage unit (9) or as a carriage unit that can be telescoped or cascaded. The carriage unit (9) has a plurality of carriage steps (10, 11), which are movable in relation to one another along at least one linear axis relative to one another, can be controlled separately, are mounted next to one another and are preferably arranged one on top of another in the exemplary embodiment being shown. The respective upper carriage step (11) is supported now on the lower carriage step (10) and is movable in relation to this in the sense of a telescopic or cascading arrangement. The first and lower carriage step (10) is mounted here movably on the top side of the basic carrier (8) in a suitable manner with a sliding or rolling bearing. The second carriage step (11) is mounted movably on the first carriage step (10) in a corresponding manner. Additional carriage steps can be arranged in the same manner in a cascade or in a telescopic arrangement one on top of another or optionally also next to one another. For example, two or more carriage steps may be mounted on the first, lower carriage step (10), and these are now preferably movable separately and independently from one another. The different carriage steps (10, 11) of the multistep carriage unit (9) are, e.g., all guided telescopically in the same direction. Mobility is present
|
['B25B2306' 'B23P2100' 'B23P1100']
|
detailed_description
|
11,189,031
|
[claim] 7. A method of measuring a volume of material, comprising the steps of: providing an adjustable measuring device which includes: a longitudinal outer member; a longitudinal inner member capable of sliding along and rotating an inside wall of the longitudinal outer member; a plurality of measurement positioning stops disposed on the inside wall of the longitudinal outer member, wherein the stops represent a variety of measurement units; wherein the longitudinal inner member includes a peripheral measuring edge projecting from a first peripheral edge of the longitudinal inner member, a peripheral extension member projecting from a second peripheral edge of the longitudinal inner member, and a handle portion for a user to slide the longitudinal inner member along the inside wall and rotate the longitudinal inner member in and out of the stops; and wherein the peripheral extension member engages with the inner wall of the longitudinal outer member and is made of a material firm enough to fit between the stops for measurement and also flexible enough to smoothly slide along and rotate within the inside wall of the longitudinal outer member; filling the material on top of the longitudinal inner member within the inside wall of the longitudinal outer member; moving the longitudinal inner member from the first stop to the second stop along the inside wall of the longitudinal outer member; and rotating and sliding the handle portion of the longitudinal inner member along the inside wall, whereby the volume of the material is measured and moved out of the measuring device. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of squeezing and moving extra residual material disposed on the inside wall of the longitudinal outer member out of the longitudinal outer member by the peripheral extension member of the longitudinal inner member, whereby a precise amount of material is measured.
|
['G01F1900']
|
claim
|
11,185,261
|
Fabrication of cell cavities for electrooptic devices [SEP] [abstract] This invention discloses methods to dispense adhesives for fabricating electrooptic devices. In addition the invention also discloses on how the cavities of these electrooptic devices may be filled using detachable tabs. The Electrooptic devices of this invention may comprise liquid or solid electrolytes.
|
['H02N600']
|
abstract
|
11,121,795
|
[summary] A method for reducing the back mixing of a reaction mixture including vapor and/or gas bubbles has now been found. It includes carrying out the desired reaction in a reactor or sparging vessel comprising at least one mechanical agitation means suitable to redistribute flow radially and at least one perforated plate oriented to resist axial flow. The combination of the specified mechanical agitation means and the perforated plate serves to narrow bubble size distribution and reduce back mixing. A reactor or sparging vessel comprising at least one mechanical agitation means suitable to redistribute flow radially, and at least one perforated plate oriented to resist axial flow, is also disclosed. Finally, the invention includes a reactor or sparging vessel suitable for use for reaction mixtures containing vapor and/or gas bubbles. This reactor or sparging vessel comprises a downward-directed flow inlet and flow outlet, at least one electrically or hydraulically-stimulated rotatable shaft upon which at least one blade impeller is mounted, and at least one perforated plate statically or movably disposed within the reactor. The perforated plate has channels whose cross-sectional dimension is smaller than the projected average diameter of the vapor and/or gas bubbles. In this reactor or sparging vessel, the electrically or hydraulically-stimulated rotatable shaft is suitable to rotate the blade impeller within the reaction mixture such that flow is redistributed radially, and the perforated plate is suitable to provide resistance to axial flow. The result is that back mixing may be reduced.
|
['B01J2390' 'B01J1900']
|
summary
|
12,362,767
|
[invention] Various technologies have been developed that provide navigation-related and map-related services. For example, vehicle navigation systems can determine where a vehicle is located and provide directions to travel to a desired destination. Also, Internet sites are available that provide maps, directions for traveling to a desired destination from a specified starting point, and other map-related services. Further, hand-held devices are available that can determine one's position and provide a map of one's surroundings. In order to provide these and other map-related functions and features, navigation systems use geographic data. The geographic data may be in the form of one or more geographic databases that include data representing physical features in the geographic region. The geographic database includes information about the represented geographic features, such as one-way streets, position of the roads, speed limits along portions of roads, address ranges along the road portions, turn restrictions at road intersections, direction restrictions, such as one-way streets, and so on. Additionally, the geographic data may include data associated with points of interest, such as restaurants, hotels, airports, gas stations, stadiums, police stations, and so on. This geographic data may be stored in a geographic database, such as a geographic database published by NAVTEQ North America, LLC of Chicago, Ill. In addition to the data obtained by a map vendor, content sources have data regarding locations in a geographic area. The content sources may provide their data to the map vendor for inclusion into the geographic database. For example, an owner of a chain restaurant may provide the map vendor with a current list of all their locations and for each of the locations the list may include address, telephone numbers, hours of operation, menu, web page address, and other information about the location. As the amount of information stored in a geographic database increases, it becomes more difficult for the map vendor to add the third party data to the geographic database. As a result, location content management systems have been developed to allow multiple parties to provide data related to a location, which is sometimes referred to as “location content” or simply “content.” The location content management system provides a link between the location content and the geographic location associated with the content. The link is a location code that the location content management system assigns to a location. A location code may be assigned to any location where a person can travel. For example, a person may want to travel to a particular office on a particular floor in a particular building in a geographic region. Using this example, the location content management system assigns a location code to each of the office, floor, and building. The location content management system may also assign a location code to stairs and/or an elevator if the floor is not on the ground level of the building. By assigning location codes in this manner, a navigation system can provide route guidance to a user for traveling to the office within the building. While the location content management system provides a way for multiple parties to provide content regarding a location, there continues to be room for new features and improvements in the location content management system. One area for improvement is updating location code data. The location code data includes geographic reference data and map reference data. By refreshing the location code data frequently, users of the location code data are more likely to obtain accurate data.
|
['G08G1123']
|
background
|
11,861,116
|
[summary] Accordingly, one exemplary embodiment of the present invention is an organic light emitting display device capable of controlling a luminance according to brightness of the ambient light and/or data of one frame, reducing power consumption, and also preventing excessive reduction of luminance, and a driving method thereof. An aspect according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is achieved by providing an organic light emitting display device for displaying an image, the organic light emitting display device having a plurality of scan lines, a plurality of light emission control lines and a plurality of data lines. The organic light emitting display device includes a display area including a plurality of pixels coupled to the scan lines, the light emission control lines and the data lines; a scan driver electrically coupled to the display area through the scan lines and the light emission control lines; a data driver electrically coupled to the display area through the data lines; an optical sensor for generating an optical sensor signal corresponding to a brightness of an ambient light; a first luminance control unit for outputting a first luminance control signal for controlling a gamma-corrected gray level voltage of a data signal of the image applied to the data lines, in accordance with the optical sensor signal; a second luminance control unit for outputting a second luminance control signal for controlling a width of a light emission control signal applied to the light emission control lines, in accordance with data of one frame of the image; and a comparator/selector for comparing the first luminance control signal with the second luminance control signal to provide the first luminance control signal or the second luminance control signal to the data driver or the scan driver. The comparator/selector may be adapted to output the first luminance control signal or the second luminance control signal in accordance with an extent to which a luminance of the display area is reduced. The comparator/selector may be adapted to calculate respective luminance set values corresponding to the first and second luminance control signals, and to provide the second luminance control signal to the scan driver when the luminance set value corresponding to the second luminance control signal is lower than the luminance set value corresponding to the first luminance control signal. The comparator/selector may be adapted to provide a first selection signal to the first luminance control unit, the first selection signal being for controlling the first luminance control unit to output a standard gamma signal. The comparator/selector may be adapted to provide the standard gamma signal outputted by the first luminance control unit to the data driver. The comparator/selector may be adapted to calculate luminance set values corresponding to the first and second luminance control signals, and to provide the first luminance control signal to the data driver when the luminance set value corresponding to the first luminance control signal is lower than the luminance set value corresponding to the second luminance control signal. The comparator/selector may be adapted to provide a second selection signal to the second luminance control unit, the second selection signal being for controlling the second luminance control unit to be turned off. The first luminance control unit may include an analog/digital converter for converting the optical sensor signal, which is an analog signal, to a digital sensor signal; a counter for counting pulses to generate a counting signal during one frame period; a converter processor for outputting a control signal corresponding to the digital sensor signal and the counting signal; a register generation unit for dividing the brightness of the ambient light into a plurality of brightness levels and storing a plurality of register set values corresponding to the brightness levels; a first selection unit for selecting one register set value corresponding to the control signal outputted by the converter processor, among the plurality of register set values stored in the register generation unit, and outputting the selected one register set value; and a gamma correction unit for generating the first luminance control signal, which is a gamma correction signal, corresponding to the selected one register set value supplied by the first selection unit. The first luminance control unit may further include a second selection unit for controlling ON/OFF of the first luminance control unit according to a first selection signal supplied by the comparator/selector. The second luminance control unit may include a data sum-up unit for summing up the data of one frame to generate sum-up data and generating control data having at least two bits including the most significant bits of the sum-up data; a lookup table for storing a width information of the light emission control signal corresponding to the control data; a controller for extracting the width information of the light emission control signal corresponding to the control data from the lookup table; and a second luminance control signal generation unit for generating the second luminance control signal corresponding to the width information of the light emission control signal supplied by the controller. The width of the light emission control signal may be set so that a luminance of the display area is decreased with an increasing value of the control data. The second luminance control unit may further include a switch unit for selectively providing the data of one frame to the data sum-up unit in accordance with a second selection signal supplied by the comparator/selector. Another aspect of an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention is a method for driving an organic light emitting display device having a display area to display an image, the method including: generating an optical sensor signal corresponding to a brightness of an ambient light; generating a first luminance control signal for controlling a gamma-corrected gray level voltage of a data signal in accordance with the optical sensor signal; generating a second luminance control signal for controlling a width of a light emission control signal in accordance with data of one frame of the image; and comparing the first luminance control signal with
|
['G09G332']
|
summary
|
12,619,039
|
[summary] Measurement of antigen specific T cells during an immune response are important parameters in vaccine development, autologous cancer therapy, transplantation, infectious diseases, inflammation, autoimmunity, toxicity studies etc. MHC multimers are crucial reagents in monitoring of antigen specific T cells. The present invention describes novel methods to generate MHC multimers and methods to improve existing and new MHC multimers. The invention also describes improved methods for the use of MHC multimers in analysis of T cells in samples including diagnostic and prognostic methods. Furthermore the use of MHC multimers in therapy are described, e.g. anti-tumour and anti-virus therapy, including isolation of antigen specific T cells capable of inactivation or elimination of undesirable target cells or isolation of specific T cells capable of regulation of other immune cells. The present invention in one aspect refers to a MHC monomer comprising a-b-P, or a MHC multimer comprising (a-b-P) n , wherein n>1, wherein a and b together form a functional MHC protein capable of binding the peptide P, wherein (a-b-P) is the MHC-peptide complex formed when the peptide P binds to the functional MHC protein, and wherein each MHC peptide complex of a MHC multimer is associated with one or more multimerization domains. MHC monomers and MHC multimers comprising one or more MHC peptide complexes of class 1 or class 2 MHC are covered by the present invention. Accordingly, the peptide P can have a length of e.g. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 16-20, or 20-30 amino acid residues. Examples of the peptide P is provided herein below. In one embodiment, the peptide P can be selected from the group consisting of sequences disclosed in the electronically enclosed “Sequence Listing” and annotated consecutively (using integers) starting with SEQ ID NO:1 and ending with SEQ ID NO:52252. In another aspect the present invention is directed to a composition comprising a plurality of MHC monomers and/or MHC multimers according to the present invention, wherein the MHC multimers are identical or different, and a carrier. In yet another aspect there is provided a kit comprising a MHC monomer or a MHC multimer according to the present invention, or a composition according to the present invention, and at least one additional component, such as a positive control and/or instructions for use. In a still further aspect there is provided a method for immune monitoring one or more diseases comprising monitoring of antigen specific T cells, said method comprising the steps of i) providing the MHC monomer or MHC multimer or individual components thereof according to the present invention, or the individual components thereof, ii) providing a population of antigen specific T cells or individual antigen specific T cells, and iii) measuring the number, activity or state and/or presence of antigen specific of T cells specific for the peptide P of the said MHC monomer or MHC multimer, thereby immune monitoring said one or more diseases. In yet another aspect there is provided a method for diagnosing one or more diseases comprising immune monitoring of antigen specific T cells, said method comprising the following steps: of i) providing the MHC monomer or MHC multimer or individual components thereof according to the present invention, or individual components thereof, ii) providing a population of antigen specific T cells or individual antigen specific T cells, and iii) measuring the number, activity or state and/or presence of T cells specific for said MHC monomer or the peptide P of the MHC multimer, thereby diagnosing said one or more diseases. There is also provided a method for isolation of one or more antigen specific T cells, said method comprising the steps of i) providing the MHC monomer or MHC multimer or individual components thereof according to the present invention, or individual components thereof, and ii) providing a population of antigen specific T cells or individual antigen specific T cells, and iii) thereby isolating said T cells specific for the peptide P of the said MHC monomer or MHC multimer. The present invention makes it possible to pursue different immune monitoring methods using the MHC monomers and MHC multimers according to the present invention. The immune monitoring methods include e.g. flow cytometry, ELISPOT, LDA, Quantaferon and Quantaferon-like methods. Using the above-cited methods, the MHC monomers and/or the MHC multimers can be provided as a MHC peptide complex, or the peptide and the MHC monomer and/or multimer can be provided separately. Accordingly, recognition of TCR's can be achieved by direct or indirect detection, e.g. by using one or more of the following methods: ELISPOT technique using indirect detection, e.g. by adding the antigenic peptide optionally associated with a MHC monomer or MHC multimer, followed by measurement of INF-gamma secretion from a population of cells or from individual cells. Another technique involves a Quantaferon-like detection assays, e.g. by using indirect detection, e.g. by adding the antigenic peptide optionally associated with a MHC monomer or MHC multimer, followed by measurement of INF-gamma secretion from a population of cells or from individual cells. Flow cytometry offers another alternative for performing detection assays, e.g. by using direct detection (e.g. of MHC tetramers), e.g. by adding the antigenic peptide optionally associated with a MHC monomer or MHC multimer, followed by detection of a fluorescein label, thereby measuring the number of TCRs on specific T-cells. Flow cytometry can also be used for indirect detection, e.g. by adding the antigenic peptide optionally associated with a MHC monomer or MHC multimer, followed by addition of a “cell-permeabilizing factor”, and subsequent measurement of an intracellular component (e.g. INF-gamma mRNA), from individual cells or populations of cells. By using the above-mentioned and other techniques, one can diagnose and/or monitor e.g. infectious diseases caused e.g. by mycobacetrium, Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, Spirochetes, intracellular bacterium, extracelular bacterium, Borrelia , TB, CMV, HPV, Hepatitis, BK, fungal organisms and microorganisms. The diagnosis and/or monitoring of a particular disease can greatly aid in directing an optimal treatment of said disease in an individual. Cancer diagnostic methods and/or cancer monitoring methods also fall within the
|
['A61K3900' 'C07K1474' 'A61P3112' 'C12N996' 'C07K1600' 'C12N507'
'A61K5108' 'A61K39395' 'C12Q102' 'C12N50783']
|
summary
|
12,083,923
|
[invention] The present invention relates to a food-cooking device comprising at least one heating member arranged to heat food placed in a cooking utensil. The food-cooking device further comprises at least one sensor arrangement arranged to sense the temperature of an element of the cooking utensil, wherein the food cooking device is adapted to control the heating member based on the temperature sensed by the sensor arrangement. The invention also relates to a cooking utensil.
|
['F27D1100']
|
background
|
11,975,114
|
[claim] 1) A hutch assembly comprising a door including a reinforcement member coupled to said door with an adhesive, and which includes a generally C-shaped door handle member which is adapted to reflect ambient light in an aesthetically pleasing manner, thereby providing a hutch assembly which does not have any spot welds and which is aesthetically pleasing. 2) The hutch assembly of claim 1 further comprising a selectively adjustable shelf, wherein said selectively adjustable shelf further includes a power strip. 2) A selectively lockable hutch assembly including a door which is movable from a first open position to a second closed position, and a latch assembly which allows the hutch assembly to be selectively locked when said door is in said second closed position. 3) A hutch assembly comprising a body which includes a door portion wherein said door comprising a plurality of locking guides; a plurality of first and second side panels; a plurality of locking members, wherein each of said plurality of locking members are deployed in a coextensive manner upon said door portion; a plurality of first and second track assemblies, wherein said plurality of first and second track assemblies are deployed in a linearly coextensive manner upon said plurality of side panels; a trolley member which comprises a plurality of first and second bearings and wherein said trolley member is coupled to said track assembly by said plurality of said first and said second bearings; a shelf having a plurality of slots and wherein said shelf is coupled to said plurality of side panels. 4) The hutch assembly of claim 3 wherein said shelf further comprises a radio deployed within said slot and wherein said shelf further comprises a power strip deployed in said slot.
|
['A47B9600' 'A47B5700']
|
claim
|
12,213,358
|
[invention] 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a current-differential relay device capable of detecting a fault in a protected zone. 2. Description of the Related Art One approach to detecting a fault of a power transmission line within a protected zone is to install a pair of current-differential relay devices respectively in both ends of the power transmission line. In such a system, one current-differential relay device transmits sampling current data obtained by sampling current flowing at one end of the power transmission line to the other current-differential relay device via a predetermined signal transmission line, and receives sampling current data at the other end of the power transmission line from the other current-differential relay device. The one current-differential relay device then calculates a difference in electric current between the sampling current data of current detected by the one current-differential relay device and the sampling current data transmitted from the other current-differential relay device to detect the fault in the protected zone. As to the data transmission between the current-differential relay devices, each current-differential relay devices performs sampling of phase current data in a cycle of 30 degrees, and one current-differential relay device transmits and receives the sampling current data to and from the other current-differential relay device via a 54-kbps (or 64-kbps) signal transmission line. Then, a difference in electric current between the sampling current data by the one current-differential relay device and the sampling current data by the other current-differential relay device is calculated and it is determined that a fault occurs if the difference is more than a predetermined value. In addition, an unused bit of transmission information is assigned for on/off information (positive or negative data) of the current-differential relay device, thereby enabling the receiving end to determine the failure of transmission or to use it for estimation of device operation information for a protection device for example (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2005-176440). This technique is suitable for determining a failure of transmission and for identifying the operation state of the device, as described in JP-A No. 2005-176440. Although the conventional technique for transmission, as described in JP-A No. 2005-176440 can be applied to determining a failure of transmission and identifying the operation state of the device, it is not suitable for analyzing failure based on information that one current-differential relay device in operation receives from the other current-differential relay device, and for obtaining data for relay device maintenance. Moreover, the analysis based on data obtained by one current-differential relay device in operation from the other current-differential relay device, requires either an operator to go off to the place the other current-differential relay device is installed and to directly obtain the data from the other current-differential relay device, or a remote monitoring control system to be installed in each substation with a connection interface to the current-differential relay devices. Accordingly, in order to obtain the setting value, states of relay elements, and device input/output signals of the other current-differential relay device for the purpose of analysis in relay operation, every when a fault occurs, the conventional current-differential relay device requires either the operator to go off to the place where the other current-differential relay device is several tens of kilometers far away from the one current-differential relay device, or a specific monitoring control system to be installed in advance. This leads to problems that take long time to properly operate with data analysis and need equipment investment.
|
['G08B2100']
|
background
|
12,263,807
|
[description] In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, details and descriptions are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these details and descriptions. Pursuant to the present invention, microbial contamination in a blood sample may be detected via transmittance or reflectance measurements taken across a spectrum of light. The transmittance or reflectance is obtained after emitting light against the blood sample in a container. After the spectra are collected from the remitted radiation, the data are subsequently deconvolved into its component parts using mathematical descriptions, such as theoretical models. See Jansson, P. A., DECONVOLUTION:
|
['G01N3348' 'G01J328']
|
detailed_description
|
11,986,847
|
[description] Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First of all, a first embodiment of the present invention will be explained. A communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention is constructed on an environment in which the telephone call of one to one and the communication of E-mail are performed mutually between many and unspecified cellular phones through a prescribed base station, and there is performed utilizing a so-called PoC a broadcast communication wherein the voice data that one cellular phone transmitted is received in the broadcast by other cellular phones between two or more cellular phones arbitrarily specified. The communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention is constructed when a base station establishes a communication line among four cellular phones which are previously registered in the base station, and basically performs the broadcast communication among those four cellular phones. FIG. 1 is a typical illustration of a communication system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. A communication system 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises four cellular phones 100_1, 100_2, 100_3, and 100_4, and one base station 200. The communication system 1 is constructed in such a way that when a session demand signal, which will be described later, is sent from either of cellular phone of these four cellular phones 100_1, 100_2, 100_3, and 100_4, PoC server 300 prepared for in the base station 200 receives the session demand signal, so that the communication line is established among the four cellular phones 100_1, 100_2, 100_3, and 100_4. According to the communication system of the first embodiment of the present invention, telephone numbers of the four cellular phones 100_1, 100_2, 100_3, and 100_4 are stored beforehand in the PoC server 300, and communication system 1 is constructed by using these telephone numbers. According to the communication system 1, the PoC server 300 accepts the demand of the right (speaker right) to transmit the voice data from each of the cellular phones, and gives the speaker right to the cellular phone that did the demand most ahead. Thus, the voice data, which is generated from the cellular phone having the speaker right, is transferred by the PoC server 300 to other three cellular phones on a broadcast basis. Such a broadcast communication makes it possible to perform a broadcast session that the other three users hear the one user's speech at the same time among users of four cellular phones 100_1, 100_2, 100_3, 100_4. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, when the speaker right is given to the cellular phone 100_1 of user A while holding the session that makes user A, user B, user C, and user D a session member, the voice data that the cellular phone 100_1 generated is transmitted to the other three users' cellular phones 100_2, 100_3, 100_4 in the broadcast. When the user of the cellular phone that has the speaker right finishes the speech, the speaker right is restored to the PoC server 300, and the acquisition of the speaker right in other cellular phones becomes possible. According to the communication system 1 shown in FIG. 1, the acquisition and the restoration of the speaker right as mentioned above are repeated between two or more cellular phones while holding the session, so that the voice interaction among the session members becomes possible. According to the communication system 1, the broadcast communication through the PoC server 300 as mentioned above is basically performed. According to the communication system 1, it is possible to perform the restrictive broadcast communication in which destination is restricted and then audio data is transferred to the restricted one, but not transfer of audio data from one cellular phone having the speaker right to other all three cellular phones. Hereinafter, the broadcast communication, in which audio data from one cellular phone having the speaker right is transferred to other all three cellular phones, is referred to as the usual broadcast communication to the restrictive broadcast communication. According to the communication system 1, the communication system immediately after beginning of the session is the usual broadcast communication. In the usual broadcast communication, when one cellular phone having the speaker right receives from a user an instruction operation that directs the effect to switch the communication system from the usual broadcast communication to the restrictive broadcast communication, the cellular phone, which received the instruction operation, generates a switching signal representative of the switching instruction. Upon receipt of the switching signal, the PoC server 300 switches the communication system to the restrictive broadcast communication. In the restrictive broadcast communication, when one cellular phone having the speaker right receives from a user an instruction operation that directs the effect to switch the communication system from the restrictive broadcast communication to the usual broadcast communication, the cellular phone, which received the instruction operation, generates a switching signal representative of the switching instruction. Upon receipt of the switching signal, the PoC server 300 switches the communication system to the usual broadcast communication. In the manner as mentioned above, according to the communication system 1, the communication system can be switched by the operation of the user's instruction to one cellular phone having the speaker right under any communication system of the above-mentioned two kinds of communication systems. Next, there will be explained a hardware structure of the cellular phones which constitute the communication system 1. The four cellular phones 100_1, 100_2, 100_3, 100_4 have the same structure, and thus there will be explained one cellular phone 100 having the same structure. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cellular phone 100. According to the cellular phone 100 shown in FIG. 2, an upper case member 100A which a user applies to the ear when talking over the telephone and a lower case member 100B which the user has by the hand are coupled with one another in such a manner that the cellular phone 100 is freely fold
|
['H04M342']
|
detailed_description
|
11,228,955
|
[claim] 1. A system for providing a refillable hydrogen fuel source storage device, the system comprising: a hydrogen fuel source storage device including a) a bladder that contains the hydrogen fuel source, b) a housing that provides mechanical protection for the bladder, and c) a connector that interfaces with a mating connector to permit transfer of the hydrogen fuel source between the bladder and a device that includes the mating connector; and a hydrogen fuel source refiller including the mating connector and configured to provide hydrogen fuel source to the bladder when the connector is coupled to the mating connector. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the storage device further includes a memory that indicates the number of refills for the storage device. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the memory comprises a mechanical memory that changes with each refill. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the storage device includes a memory that permits a controller on the hydrogen fuel source refiller to read information from and write information to the memory. 5. The system of claim 1 wherein the hydrogen fuel source refiller further includes multiple bays that each include a mating connector and plumbing to refill a storage device that interfaces with each mating connector. 6. The system of claim 1 wherein the storage device comprises a filter configured to be in fluidic communication with hydrogen output by a fuel processor that the storage device provides the fuel source to when the storage device couples to a device that includes the fuel processor. 7. The system of claim 6 wherein the filter removes one of carbon monoxide, methanol vapor or hydrogen sulfide from the hydrogen. 8. The system of claim 7 wherein the hydrogen fuel source refiller rejuvenates the filter when refilling the storage device. 9. The system of claim 8 wherein the hydrogen fuel source refiner rejuvenates the filter using hydrogen. 10. The system of claim 1 wherein the bladder includes a maximum volume between about 20 milliliters and about 400 milliliters. 11. The system of claim 1 wherein the connector comprises keyed dimensions that prevent a non-keyed connector that does not include the keyed dimensions from receiving the hydrogen fuel source from the refiller. 12. The system of claim 11 wherein the keyed dimensions are unique to a particular hydrogen fuel source. 13. The system of claim 12 wherein the hydrogen fuel source is methanol. 14. The system of claim 1 wherein the hydrogen fuel source refiner further includes a fuel source reserve that stores the hydrogen fuel source. 15. A system for providing a refillable hydrogen fuel source storage device, the system comprising: a hydrogen fuel source storage device including a) a connector that interfaces with a mating connector to permit transfer of the hydrogen fuel source between the bladder and a device that includes the mating connector, and b) a memory; and a hydrogen fuel source refiner including i) the mating connector and configured to provide hydrogen fuel source to the storage device when the connector is coupled to the mating connector, and including ii) a controller configured to read information from the memory and write information to the memory. 16. The system of claim 15 wherein, using the memory, the controller is configured to confirm identification of the storage device before refilling the storage device. 17. The system of claim 15 wherein the bladder includes a maximum volume between about 20 milliliters and about 400 milliliters. 18. The system of claim 15 wherein the connector wirelessly communicates with the memory. 19. The system of claim 15 wherein the controller is configured to read a usage history stored in the memory. 20. The system of claim 15 wherein the controller is configured to check the status of a sensor included with the storage device. 21. The system of claim 20 wherein the status is stored in the memory. 22. The system of claim 15 wherein the controller is configured to write, to the memory, one of: an updated number of refills provided to the storage device, hydrogen fuel mixture information, a refill date, a refilling service provider, and a volume for the storage device. 23. The system of claim 15 wherein the storage device further includes c) a bladder that contains the hydrogen fuel source, and d) a housing that provides mechanical protection for the bladder. 24. A method for refilling a hydrogen fuel source storage device, the method comprising: connecting the hydrogen fuel source storage device to a hydrogen fuel source refiller; reading information from a memory that is included with the storage device and configured to store information relevant to usage of the storage device; and transferring the hydrogen fuel source from the hydrogen fuel source refiner to the hydrogen fuel source storage device. 25. The method of claim 24 further comprising reading, from the memory, one of: a fuel type, a fuel composition, an identification, a model number for the storage device, and a number of refills. 26. The method of claim 24 further comprising writing, to the memory, one of: a number of refills provided to the storage device, a refill date, a name of a refilling service provider, and a current volume for the hydrogen fuel source to the memory. 27. The method of claim 24 further comprising reading, from the memory, a usage history according to an identification for the storage device. 28. The method of claim 24 further comprising rejuvenating a filter included in the storage device. 29. The method of claim 24 wherein rejuvenating the filter includes running hydrogen through the filter. 30. The method of claim 24 wherein the hydrogen fuel source refiner is located in a retail outlet.
|
['H01M804' 'B65B300']
|
claim
|
11,896,604
|
[summary] Rear windows for pick-up trucks, which have a slidable window sheet, are known in the art. For example, see U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,542,214, 5,996,284, 5,522,191, 4,124,054, and the like. In slider window systems for pick-up trucks (e.g., see patents mentioned above), a center slidable window is typically provided between a pair of fixed windows. Each of the windows is typically made of glass. Although a number of slider systems have been provided, it will be appreciated that further improvements and/or refinements to such slider windows are still possible. One aspect of certain example embodiments of this invention relates to a window assembly for a vehicle including one fixed window panel including a hole defined therein for receiving a slidable window panel. Another aspect of certain example embodiments relates to safety features provided to a window assembly. Such safety features may include teeth provided to the upper and/or lower elongated rails of the window assembly, and/or a downwardly extending flange provided to the upper rail of the window assembly. Still another aspect of certain example embodiments relates to water management features provided to a window assembly. Such water management features may include one or more sealing bulbs provided to the window assembly, and/or a draining recess or channel provided to the lower rail of the window assembly. In certain example embodiments of this invention, a window assembly for a vehicle is provided. A slidable window panel includes at least one top pin and at least one bottom pin attached thereto. A single fixed window panel includes a hole defined therein for receiving the slidable panel. An elongated upper rail includes first and second upper rail channels defined therein for slidingly receiving the at least one top pin attached to the slidable panel, with the upper rail being connected to the fixed panel. An elongated lower rail includes first and second lower rail channels defined therein for slidingly receiving the at least one bottom pin attached to the slidable panel, with the lower rail being connected to the fixed panel. The first upper rail channel and the first lower rail channel are provided at a first depth. The second upper rail channel and the second lower rail channel are provided at a second depth. The first depth is different from the second depth. The slidable panel is substantially flush with the fixed panel when closed. The slidable panel is slightly inwardly and laterally movable when being opened via the respective rail channels provided to the upper and lower rails. In certain other example embodiments, a method of making a window assembly for a vehicle is provided. A slidable window panel including at least one top pin and at least one bottom pin attached thereto is provided. A fixed window panel including a hole defined therein for receiving the slidable panel is provided. An elongated upper rail is connected to the fixed panel. An elongated lower rail is connected to the fixed panel. First and second upper rail channels are defined in the upper rail and first and second lower rail channels are defined in the lower rail for respectively slidingly receiving the at least one top pin and the at least one bottom pin attached to the slidable panel. The first upper rail channel and the first lower rail channel are provided at a first depth, the second upper rail channel and the second lower rail channel are provided at a second depth, and the first depth is different from the second depth. The slidable panel is substantially flush with the fixed panel when closed. The slidable panel is slightly inwardly and laterally movable when being opened via the respective rail channels provided to the upper and lower rails. In certain other example embodiments, a vehicle comprising a window assembly is provided. The window assembly includes a slidable window panel including at least one top pin and at least one bottom pin attached thereto; a single fixed window panel including a hole being defined therein for receiving the slidable panel; an elongated upper rail including first and second upper rail channels defined therein for slidingly receiving the at least one top pin attached to the slidable panel, the upper rail being connected to the fixed panel; and an elongated lower rail including first and second lower rail channels defined therein for slidingly receiving the at least one bottom pin attached to the slidable panel, the lower rail being connected to the fixed panel. The first upper rail channel and the first lower rail channel are provided at a first depth, the second upper rail channel and the second lower rail channel are provided at a second depth, and the first depth is different from the second depth. The slidable panel is substantially flush with the fixed panel when closed. The slidable panel is slightly inwardly and laterally movable when being opened via the respective rail channels provided to the upper and lower rails.
|
['E06B714']
|
summary
|
11,163,204
|
[description] FIG. 1 illustrates a network or Internetwork architecture for implementing various features of the present inventive embodiments. The inventive embodiments concern reports of information from content databases, for example public records of interest to the subjects of the reports, for example, individual consumers. Examples of public records include credit profile data, criminal convictions, financial records such as bankruptcy, and property ownership records. A user 215 may request information from one or more service providers 216 through a wireless 200, or fixed 220, 222 terminal. The request may be entered in a form, for example an html form generated by a server 221 and transmitted to the terminal 200, 220, 222 via a network, internetwork, and/or the Internet 210. Data submitted by the user (or interested third party, assuming the subject of the data is said user) 215 may be transmitted from the terminal 200, 220, 222 via a network, internetwork, and/or the Internet 210 to the server 221 (which may be the same or a different server or servers) and used to generate a query. The query may be generated on one server 221 and transmitted, via network, internetwork, and/or the Internet 210, to another server 221 and in response data obtained as a result of the query and also transmitted, via a network, internetwork, and/or the Internet 210, to the user or third party 215 at a corresponding terminal 200, 220, 222 or some other location, for example a permanent or semi-permanent data store for future access (not shown separately but structurally the same as servers 221). The network, internetwork, and/or the Internet 210 may include further servers, routers, switches and other hardware according to known principles, engineering requirements, and designer choices. FIG. 2A an embodiment in which a public information profile report may be generated from a secondary source, such as a data aggregator. The arrows illustrate data exchange processes which are described in the text. The entities represent computers, servers, and data transfers may occur through networks or internetworks, such as the Internet using any appropriate known protocols. Multiple primary sources 125 of information are queried by the owner of one or more secondary sources 115 to aggregate the contents of the primary sources and make the data available to customers of the owners of the secondary sources (not shown). For example, the secondary sources 115 may include identification and credential verification service or credit bureaus. Secondary sources 115 may provide rapid and complex searches by subscribers. For example, entities such as government offices, the FBI, prospective employers, etc. may subscribe to services of the secondary source 115 providers to do background checks on individuals of concern to the entities. Such individuals may include job applicants, proposed business contacts, constituents, criminal suspects, opposing political candidates, etc. These entities may also obtain information directly from primary sources 115, described below. When a secondary source 115 obtains data from primary sources 125, the data may suffer any of a variety of changes, such as data corruption, transcription errors, deliberate data manipulation, etc. These may occur in a process of data transfer from the primary source 125 or within the secondary source 115. These changes are represented figuratively by the operator 120. A Public Information Profile (PIP) service which has subscribers who are individuals concerned about their own personal information and misinformation which may be available through the secondary 115 or primary 125 sources may obtain data directly from the primary 125 and/or secondary 115 sources and compile a report 110. The report contains all information generated from the primary 125 and/or secondary 115 sources resulting from a query generated by a query process 130 which uses information from a profile form 105 providing data about a user. Examples of primary and secondary sources 115 and 125 include: Property ownership records, real estate records, Government-issued and other organization and professional licenses and registrations and professional and educational certifications, degrees, etc. These might be found government, employer's or other entity's background information store. Law enforcement records on felony and misdemeanor convictions. Criminal records and special offender (e.g. sex-offender) registered lists. These include criminal convictions—including misdemeanors and felonies. These records might be found in a government, employer's or other entity's background check. Financial records like bankruptcy, liens, judgments: These include bankruptcies, liens, and judgments awarded against an individual or individuals. These records might be found in a government, employer's or other entity's background check. PACER: Public Access to Court Electronic Records (PACER) is an electronic service that gives case information from Federal Appellate, Federal District and Federal Bankruptcy courts. UCC (Uniform Commercial Code) records that reveal the availability of assets for attachment or seizure, and the financial relationship between an individual and other entities. These include public notices filed by a person's creditors to determine the assets available for liens or seizure. Secretary of State: including corporate filings identified by the names of agents/officers. An example of a web site offering such information is NY's department of state web site located at: http://www.dos.state.ny.us/ Internet search: matches from databases that may match or cite your name or names similar to yours, from Web search engines, usenet newsgroups, or any other Internet-accessible resource. Personal Details: matches from databases that are associated with your name or names similar to yours, your past or present address and telephone, your SSN, your relatives, or even people that you have been associated with. Insurance claims databases, such as CLUE, which store information about insurance claims made by individuals and organizations. Credit Header Data: the addresses associated with your Social Security Number and name in credit reports. The address history in your PIP can be 10-20 years old. These records might be found in a government, employer's or other entity's background check. HUD: Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) or Federal Housing Administration (FHA) insured mortgage, subject may be eligible for a refund of part of your insurance premium or a share of any excess earnings from the FHA's Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund. HUD searches for unpaid refunds
|
['G06F1700']
|
detailed_description
|
11,684,401
|
Incandescent and LED Light Bulbs and Methods and Devices for Converting Between Incandescent Lighting Products and Low-Power Lighting Products [SEP] [abstract] An irreversible electrical base for irreversibly converting an incandescent lighting product to a low-power lighting product is provided. Various methods of converting an incandescent lighting product to a low-power lighting product and converting a low-power lighting product to an incandescent lighting product, are provided. Various non-threaded incandescent light bulbs, non-threaded halogen incandescent light bulbs, and non-threaded LED-based light bulbs are provided. A keyless lighting fixture having an insert and twist connector is provided.
|
['H01R3300']
|
abstract
|
12,579,766
|
[summary] In order to solve the aforementioned problem, a production method of a thin-film piezoelectric device according to the present invention is a method for producing a thin-film piezoelectric device, comprising: a step of stacking a first electrode layer, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode layer in order on a first substrate to form a first laminate; a step of stacking a support layer on a second substrate to form a second laminate; a step of bonding the first laminate and the second laminate through an adhesive layer so that the second electrode layer and the support layer are opposed to each other, to form a third laminate consisting of the first laminate, the adhesive layer, and the second laminate; a step of removing the first substrate from the third laminate; a step of processing the third laminate in a desired shape, after the step of removing the first substrate; and a step of removing the second substrate, after the step of processing the third laminate, wherein a Young's modulus of the adhesive layer is smaller than a Young's modulus of the piezoelectric layer, wherein respective Youngs moduli of the second electrode layer and the support layer are larger than the Young's modulus of the adhesive layer, and wherein the third laminate has no other piezoelectric layer except for the aforementioned piezoelectric layer. In the production method of the thin-film piezoelectric device according to the present invention, first, the first laminate including one piezoelectric layer is bonded through the adhesive layer to the second laminate including no piezoelectric layer, to form the third laminate being a single-layer piezoelectric laminate. Thereafter, the thin-film piezoelectric device is completed through the step of removing the first substrate from the third laminate, the step of processing the third laminate in the desired shape, and the step of removing the second substrate. In the production method of the thin-film piezoelectric device, therefore, various stresses generated between the piezoelectric layer and the first substrate due to heat, crystal lattice constant mismatch, etc. in the first laminate forming step are released by removal of the first substrate in the first substrate removing step and the various stresses thus released are transferred to the second substrate. At this time, since the adhesive layer of the material with the Young's modulus smaller than that of the piezoelectric layer is interposed between the piezoelectric layer and the second substrate, the various stresses to be transferred to the second substrate are relaxed by the adhesive layer. For this reason, the warpage and flexural displacement of the device is effectively suppressed even though the thin-film piezoelectric device obtained by the production method of the present invention consists of the single-layer piezoelectric laminate. Since the device of the present invention adopts the structure in which the adhesive layer is sandwiched between the second electrode layer and the support layer and in which the respective Young's moduli of the second electrode layer and the support layer are larger than the Young's modulus of the adhesive layer, the warpage and flexural displacement of the device is more suppressed. Since the device consists of the single-layer piezoelectric laminate, the production cost thereof is reduced. Therefore, the production method of the thin-film piezoelectric device according to the present invention permits us to readily produce the thin-film piezoelectric device capable of achieving higher performance, higher reliability, and lower cost by the single-layer piezoelectric laminate. Preferably, the step of forming the third laminate comprises forming the adhesive layer by thermally curing an adhesive, and respective coefficients of thermal expansion of the second electrode layer and the support layer are smaller than a coefficient of thermal expansion of the adhesive layer. In this case, when contraction occurs because of thermal cure in the step of forming the third laminate consisting of the first laminate, the adhesive layer, and the second laminate by bonding through the adhesive layer, tensile stresses are applied toward the center of the adhesive layer because of the difference between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the second electrode layer and support layer and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the adhesive layer, and thus the stresses cancel each other to reduce the warpage of the third laminate. A thin-film piezoelectric device according to the present invention is a thin-film piezoelectric device comprising a laminate in which a support layer, an adhesive layer, a second electrode layer, a piezoelectric layer, and a first electrode layer are stacked in order, wherein a Young's modulus of the adhesive layer is smaller than a Young's modulus of the piezoelectric layer, wherein respective Young's moduli of the second electrode layer and the support layer are larger than the Young's modulus of the adhesive layer, and wherein the thin-film piezoelectric device has no other piezoelectric layer except for the aforementioned piezoelectric layer. The thin-film piezoelectric device according to the present invention has the single-layer piezoelectric laminate having no other piezoelectric layer except the piezoelectric layer in the laminate and further comprises the adhesive layer. The Young's modulus of the adhesive layer is smaller than that of the piezoelectric layer. For this reason, the adhesive layer relaxes stress generated and released in the piezoelectric layer. As a consequence, the warpage and flexural displacement of the device is effectively suppressed even though the thin-film piezoelectric device of the present invention consists of the single-layer piezoelectric laminate. Since the device of the present invention adopts the structure in which the adhesive layer is sandwiched between the second electrode layer and the support layer and in which the respective Young's moduli of the second electrode layer and the support layer are larger than that of the adhesive layer, the warpage and flexural displacement of the device is more suppressed. Since the device consists of the single-layer piezoelectric laminate, the production cost thereof is reduced. Therefore, the thin-film piezoelectric device of the present invention is one capable of achieving higher performance, higher reliability, and lower cost by the single-layer piezoelectric laminate. The thin-film piezoelectric device preferably further
|
['G11B548' 'H01L4122' 'H01L4104']
|
summary
|
12,382,675
|
[summary] An aspect of the present invention provides a semiconductor device including: a plurality of circuit patterns formed at regular intervals, and used as part of a circuit; and a first dummy pattern formed outside one of the circuit patterns that is positioned outermost, wherein a distance between the outermost circuit pattern and the first dummy pattern is equal to a distance between any adjacent two of the circuit patterns, and the width of the first dummy pattern is smaller than the width of any of the circuit patterns. According to the present invention, the width of the first dummy pattern is smaller than that of any of the circuit patterns. In addition, the distance between the side surface of the outermost pattern and the side surface of the dummy pattern is set equal to the distance between the facing side surfaces of each two adjacent circuit patterns. With this configuration, a reduction in size of the semiconductor device can be achieved while variation in shape among the circuit patterns is reduced.
|
['G01R3128']
|
summary
|
12,344,388
|
[invention] 1. Technical Field Embodiments of the present invention relate to generally to a vehicle, such as a straddle-type vehicle. The vehicle can include an air cleaner coupled to an engine, and a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas discharged from the engine. 2. Background Art Conventionally, a configuration wherein an air cleaner is disposed above an engine is widely used in straddle-type vehicles such as motorcycles. For example, JP-A-Sho 58-152115 discloses a construction for a straddle-type vehicle wherein an air cleaner is disposed above a crankcase provided in a lower part of the engine and in the rear of a cylinder block. An exhaust pipe of the engine typically includes a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas. For example, JP-A-Sho 58-152115 further discloses a catalyst disposed in the exhaust pipe disposed below the engine.
|
['B60K1302' 'F02M3502' 'B60G700' 'B60K1304']
|
background
|
12,133,840
|
[summary] Therefore, a main objective of various embodiments of the disclosure is to provide a method for power management in handover between heterogeneous networks, allowing a mobile terminal to select a lower-layer network connection automatically according to the current power status, thus implementing handover. Another main objective of various embodiments of the disclosure is to provide an apparatus for power management in handover between heterogeneous networks, allowing a mobile terminal to select a lower-layer network connection automatically according to the current power status, thus implementing handover. A third main objective of various embodiments of the disclosure is to provide a method for power management in handover between heterogeneous networks, allowing a mobile terminal to obtain the power consumption parameters at the network and select a lower-layer network connection automatically according to the power consumption and the current power status, thus implementing handover. A fourth main objective of various embodiments of the disclosure is to provide an apparatus for power management in handover between heterogeneous networks, allowing a mobile terminal to obtain the power consumption parameters at the network and select a lower-layer network connection automatically according to the power consumption and the current power status, thus implementing handover. In view of an objective mentioned above, various embodiments of the disclosure provide a method for power management in handover between heterogeneous networks, including: determining, by an MIH user layer, a current handover policy according to power information, the power information being obtained by an MIH layer. In view of another objective mentioned above, various embodiments of the disclosure provide an apparatus for power management in handover between heterogeneous networks, including an MIHF unit, adapted to obtain power information from outside; and an MIH user layer unit, adapted to obtain the power information and determine a handover policy according to the power information from the MIHF unit. In view of another objective mentioned above, various embodiments of the disclosure provide a method for power management in handover between heterogeneous networks, including: obtaining, by an MIH layer, power information and providing the power information for the MIH user layer as requested by the MIH user layer. In view of another objective mentioned above, various embodiments of the disclosure provide an apparatus for power management in handover between heterogeneous networks, including: an MIH user layer unit, adapted to request power information from an MIHF unit; and receive the power information from the MIHF unit, the power information being obtained from outside and sent to the MIH user layer unit by the MIHF unit. The foregoing technical scheme shows that various embodiments of the disclosure allow the MIH user layer to determine a handover policy according to the power information from the MIH layer. In various embodiments of the disclosure, the MIH layer triggers an event so that the MIH user layer can obtain power information, and select a lower-layer network connection automatically according to the current power status, thus implementing handover; the MIH user layer sends a query request to the MIH layer to obtain power consumption parameters from the network, and selects a lower-layer network connection according to the power consumption and the current power status, thus implementing handover and making more accurate and effective decisions in the handover. Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. It should be understood that the description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
|
['H04Q720']
|
summary
|
12,302,199
|
[invention] Nucleotide sequences contain a wealth of information in addition to the information needed to encode proteins. For example, genomic nucleotide sequences contain transcription factor binding sites, restriction enzyme binding sites, splicing signals, mRNA stability signals, and the like. It is likely that, hidden within the nucleotide sequences of organisms, are many previously unknown but biologically significant signal sequences. The ability to identify such hidden signal sequences has been confounded by the various constraints on nucleotide sequences. Such constraints include the need to encode specific proteins, codon usage preferences, and selective pressure for particular AT/GC content. In order to identify previously hidden sequence motifs, these constraints must be factored out. The present invention addresses this need in the art by providing methods and algorithms that factor out some of these constraints, and that facilitate the identification of previously hidden “sequence motifs.”
|
['C12Q168']
|
background
|
12,366,739
|
[invention] 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is related to consumer digital versatile disc (DVD) players and optical media. More particularly, the present invention is related to a method and system that overcomes errors due to uncorrectable defects in optical media by downloading portions of a video program corresponding to damaged portions of the media. 2. Description of Related Art Digital versatile disc (DVD) players, which may be connected to a television set, contained with a portable device having an LCD screen, or included in a computer system having a video display, are in widespread use in households and other locations. DVD and other optical media tend to become damaged after long periods of use or after exposure to extreme handling or environments. Damage to the physical media compromises the integrity of the information encoded therein. Traditionally, once media is damaged, the DVD player corrects the error using error-correcting encoding. If an uncorrectable error is present, the DVD player notifies the user through the use of an error screen, or by skipping to a section of the media that is undamaged. While these above-described techniques still allow the remaining media to be played, the entire disc content cannot be enjoyed. Damaged media is an inconvenience to the user, especially for members/customers of mail-based DVD rental services. When a disc is scratched, a user will typically request a replacement, and must wait a number of days for it to arrive. Users of mail-based rental agencies sometimes send back damaged media without complaint. Failure to draw attention to damaged media means that later renters that receive damaged media in circulation will have the same playback issues and suffer the same inconveniences. Therefore, it would be desirable to provide a method and system that can play a video program contained on damaged media, even when portions of the video program are unreadable from the media due to uncorrectable errors, such as those caused by physical damage to the media. It would further be desirable to provide a method and system to remove damaged media from rental circulation.
|
['H04N500']
|
background
|
12,448,396
|
[claim] 1. Sliding bearing (10) comprising a back metal layer (12), a bearing layer (14) applied to the back metal layer (12), a diffusion barrier layer (16) applied to the bearing layer (14) and an overlay (18) applied to the intermediate layer (16), wherein the diffusion barrier layer (16) consists of one pure nickel layer (16a) applied to the bearing layer (14) and one silver-based layer (16b) applied to the pure nickel layer (16a). 2. Sliding bearing (10) comprising a back metal layer (12), a bearing layer (14) applied to the back metal layer (12), a diffusion barrier layer (16) applied to the bearing layer (14) and an overlay (18) applied to the intermediate layer (16), wherein the diffusion barrier layer (16) consists of one pure iron layer (16a) or a first layer of nickel and a second layer of tin/nickel alloy applied to the bearing layer (14) and one silver-based layer (16b) applied to the layer (16a). 3. Sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the silver-based layer (16b) contains pure silver. 4. Sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the silver based layer (16b) contains silver and one or more elements selected from the group consisting of tin, lead, cadmium and zinc preferably in an amount of up to 30 weight %. 5. Sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the silver based layer (16b) contains silver and one or more elements selected from the group consisting of antimony, iron, cobalt and nickel, preferably in an amount of up to 2 weight %. 6. Sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the silver based layer (16b) is from 0.5 to 10.0 μm, preferably from 1.0 to 5.0 μm. 7. Sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the overlay (18) has least the same thickness than the silver based layer (16b). 8. Sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the overlay (18) is from 2.0 to 30.0 μm. 9. Sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the silver-based layer (16b) contains a silver-tin intermetallic phase. 10. Sliding bearing according to claim 9, wherein the silver-tin intermetallic phase is Ag3Sn. 11. Sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the overlay (18) comprises pure tin or tin with one or more elements selected form the group consisting of copper, silver, nickel, cobalt, zinc, gold, bismuth, lead or indium. 12. Sliding bearing according to claim 11, wherein the overlay (18) contains the one or more elements in a total amount of 20 wt %. 13. Sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the bearing layer (14) is a copper-based bearing layer. 14. Sliding bearing according to claim 13, wherein the bearing layer (14) has a copper content of at least 85 wt %. 15. Sliding bearing according to claim 13, wherein the bearing layer (14) further contains tin and/or nickel and/or bismuth. 16. Use of a sliding bearing according to claim 1 in a combustion engine.
|
['B32B1501']
|
claim
|
11,774,771
|
MICROMACHINED GAS AND LIQUID CONCENTRATION SENSOR AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME [SEP] [abstract] A device with micromachined (a.k.a. MEMS, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) silicon sensor to measure gas or liquid concentration in a binary mixture formality is disclosed in the present invention. A process for fabricating the said MEMS silicon concentration sensor, which thereby can greatly reduce the sensor fabrication cost by a batch production, is revealed as well. This MEMS process can mass-produce the sensors on silicon substrate in the ways of small size, low power, and high reliability. In addition to the gas or liquid concentration measurement, the present invention further discloses that the said sensor can also readily measure gas or liquid mass flow rate while record the concentration data, which is not viable by other related working principle.
|
['G01N2500' 'G01F168']
|
abstract
|
12,282,871
|
[summary] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of monitoring for cracking of a component, the method comprising: forming a component with an elongate hole that is internal to the component; attaching a connector having a throughway to the component, such that the throughway is in fluid communication with the elongate hole; connecting the elongate hole to a pressure measurement instrument via the connector; and monitoring the elongate hole for change in pressure level. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of monitoring for cracking of a component, the method comprising: providing a raw material; forming a component from the raw material and simultaneously introducing an elongate hole into the component that is internal to the component; attaching a connector having a throughway to the component, such that the throughway is in fluid communication with the elongate hole; connecting the elongate hole to a pressure measurement instrument via the connector; and monitoring the elongate hole for change in pressure level. Thus, the elongate hole within the component is formed in the initial forming step of the component. In one embodiment, the forming step involves extruding the component and simultaneously extruding the elongate hole. In an alternative embodiment, the forming step involves inserting a core into a casting mould, casting the component and subsequently removing or burning out the core to form the elongate hole. In a further alternative embodiment, in which the component is a laminate of a plurality of layers, and the forming step involves providing a elongate hole shape within the laminate during the lamination process. In such an embodiment, the elongate hole shape can be provided by inserting a hole form between the two adjacent layers during the lamination process. The hole form can be a tube. Alternatively, the hole form can be a mandrel that is removed subsequent to the lamination process. In one embodiment, the component is formed such that the elongate hole has an opening at a first surface of the component and the connector is attached to the elongate hole at the opening. The connector may comprise a flange portion that is attached to the component adjacent the elongate hole and a tube portion extending from the flange portion, and wherein the throughway extends through the tube portion and the flange portion. Alternatively, the connector may comprise a substantially rigid tube that is partially inserted into the elongate hole. The tube can be attached to the elongate hole by an adhesive. Alternatively or additionally, the tube can be attached to the elongate hole by an interference fit. The tube may be provided with a barb or barb-like member on an outer surface of the tube. In an alternative embodiment, the component has an internal thread provided within a portion of the elongate hole that is adjacent the opening, and the connector comprises an externally threaded portion that is received within the elongate hole and a tube portion extending from the threaded portion, the throughway extending through both the tube portion and the threaded portion. The connector can further comprise a body portion disposed between the tube portion and threaded portion, the body portion having a larger outer diameter than both the tube portion and threaded portion. In one embodiment of the method, the elongate hole is one of a plurality of like elongate holes, each elongate hole being connected to one of the pressure measurement instrument and another of the like elongate holes. In yet a further embodiment the method comprises forming a plurality of the elongate holes, connecting one or more but not all of said elongate holes to the pressure measurement system thereby leaving one or more unconnected elongate holes and in the event of a connected elongate hole becoming inoperable, disconnecting or damaged, isolating that hole and connecting at least one of the unconnected holes to the pressure measurement system. The component may be formed such that the elongate hole has an opening at a second surface of the component, the method further comprising the step of sealing the elongate hole at or in a region adjacent the opening at the second surface. The sealing step may comprise applying a sealant to fill a portion of the elongate hole adjacent the opening at the second surface. Alternatively, the sealing step may comprise forming a secondary hole that extends transversely to the elongate hole such that the elongate hole and the secondary hole intercept, and inserting a plug into the secondary hole such that the elongate hole is sealed. The plug may comprise a compressible bung portion that can be compressed within the secondary hole to seal the elongate hole. A portion of the secondary hole can be provided with an internal thread, and the plug may further comprise an externally threaded element that can provide compression to the bung portion when the plug is in the secondary hole. In one embodiment of the method, in which the component further comprises a secondary hole that extends transversely to the elongate hole such that the elongate hole and the secondary hole intercept, the attaching step can involve inserting the connector into the secondary hole. The connector can comprise a pin portion through which the throughway extends, and the attaching step further involves inserting the pin portion into the secondary hole. The connector may further comprise a head portion from which the pin portion extends, the head portion having an opening in fluid communication with the throughway, and wherein the connecting step involves inserting tubing into the opening. The throughway in the connector may be one of a pair of like throughways in the connector, and the pin portion further comprises a partition for dividing the elongate hole into a first elongate hole and a second elongate hole. The partition can provides a seal such that the first elongate hole is substantially in fluid isolation from the second elongate hole. The method may further comprise the step of aligning the
|
['B32B3800']
|
summary
|
11,955,506
|
Database Trigger Modification System and Method [SEP] [abstract] A method, apparatus and program product modify the behavior of a database trigger. An attribute desired by a user for a database trigger may be received. The attribute may relate to a change in the functionality of the trigger, such as a restriction on trigger behavior. An object that includes the attribute may be generated. The attribute may be associated with and applied to the trigger. In this manner, the attribute may be selectively applied to multiple triggers.
|
['G06F1700']
|
abstract
|
11,866,169
|
[claim] 1. A method of managing assets in an entity having plural sub-entities, wherein a first of the plural sub-entities acquires or produces assets, the method comprising: identifying an asset of the first sub-entity to be a surplus asset; determining an offset value receivable for transfer of the asset to a client; and providing the asset to the client in exchange for an offset credit. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the value of the offset is based on one more of the following: the offset credit, a current value of the asset, a cost of relocating the asset, a cost of installing the asset location; and a cost of training use of the asset. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the asset includes: allocating the asset to a second of the plural sub-entities in exchange for an incentive value from the entity and the offset credit from the client by the second sub-entity. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein allocating the asset includes: determining that the current value of the asset is greater than a threshold value. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining an offset credit includes: determining a cost of not using the asset as an offset; and determining a cost of disposing of the asset. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein, based on the determining of the offset credit, it is determined to dispose of the asset. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the incentive value is debited to the first sub-entity, and credited to the entity. 8. The method of claim 7, comprising: evaluating whether the asset is to be transferred to the second sub-entity or whether the asset is to be provided to a client, wherein evaluating includes: determining that the asset is not requested by the second sub-entity; and determining a value of the asset to the client. 9. A computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform a method of managing assets in an entity having plural sub-entities, wherein a first of the plural sub-entities acquires or produces assets, the method comprising: identifying an asset of the first sub-entity to be a surplus asset; determining an offset value receivable for transfer of the asset to a client; and providing the asset to the client in exchange for an offset credit. 10. The computer-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the value of the offset is based on one more of the following: the offset credit, a current value of the asset, a cost of relocating the asset, a cost of installing the asset location; and a cost of training use of the asset. 11. The computer-readable medium of claim 9, wherein providing the asset includes: allocating the asset to a second of the plural sub-entities in exchange for an incentive value from the entity and the offset credit from the client by the second sub-entity. 12. The computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein allocating the asset includes: determining that the current value of the asset is greater than a threshold value. 13. The computer-readable medium of claim 9, wherein determining an offset credit includes: determining a cost of not using the asset as an offset; and determining a cost of disposing of the asset. 14. The computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein, based on the determining of the offset credit, it is determined to dispose of the asset. 15. The computer-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the incentive value is debited to the first sub-entity, and credited to the entity. 16. The computer-readable medium of claim 15, including evaluating whether the asset is to be transferred to the second sub-entity or whether the asset is to be provided to a client, wherein evaluating includes: determining that the asset is not requested by the second sub-entity; and determining a value of the asset to the client. 17. A system for managing assets in an entity having plural sub-entities, wherein a first of the plural sub-entities acquires or produces assets, the system comprising: a data processing device; a data storage device storing a database of surplus assets; and a computer-readable memory storing instructions that, when executed by the data processing device, perform a method of managing assets in an entity having plural sub-entities, the method comprising: identifying an asset of the first sub-entity to be a surplus asset; determining an offset value receivable for transfer of the asset to a client; and providing the asset to the client in exchange for an offset credit.
|
['G06Q4000' 'G06F1710' 'G06F1730' 'G06F1740' 'G06Q1000']
|
claim
|
12,134,595
|
[description] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a robotic vehicle. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the robotic vehicle. FIG. 3 is a front view of the robotic vehicle. FIG. 4 is a back view of the robotic vehicle. FIG. 5 is a top view of the robotic vehicle. FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the robotic vehicle. FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the robotic vehicle. FIG. 8 is a side view of the robotic vehicle. FIG. 9 is an side view of the robotic vehicle. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a payload deck for a robotic vehicle. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a payload deck for a robotic vehicle. FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a payload deck for a robotic vehicle. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the robotic vehicle with a manipulator arm. FIGS. 14-17 are side views of a robotic vehicle climbing. FIGS. 18-21 are side views of a robotic vehicle climbing. FIG. 22 is a side view of a robotic vehicle climbing stairs. FIG. 23 is a front view of a robotic vehicle traversing an incline. FIG. 24 is a perspective view of a robotic vehicle in a neutral posture. FIG. 25 is a perspective view of a robotic vehicle in a standing posture. FIG. 26 is a perspective view of a robotic vehicle in a kneeling posture. FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a robotic vehicle in a kneeling posture. FIG. 28 is a side view of a robotic vehicle. FIG. 29 is a partially exploded view of a large skid-steered robotic vehicle. FIG. 30 is a schematic side view of a large skid-steered robotic vehicle. FIG. 31 is a schematic top view of a large skid-steered robotic vehicle. FIG. 32 is a schematic side view of a large skid-steered robotic vehicle. FIG. 33 is a schematic top view of a large skid-steered robotic vehicle. FIG. 34 is a schematic side view of a large skid-steered robotic vehicle. FIG. 35 is a schematic top view of a large skid-steered robotic vehicle. FIG. 36 is a schematic view of a robotic vehicle. FIG. 37A is a top view of a drive module. FIG. 37B is a bottom view of a drive module. FIG. 37C is a sectional view of a drive module. FIG. 37D is an exploded view of a drive module. FIG. 38A is a perspective view of an actuator module. FIG. 38B is an exploded view of an actuator module. FIG. 39A is a schematic view of a drive module. FIG. 39B is a schematic view of a DC/DC converter. FIG. 39C is a schematic view of control logic for a digital signal processor. FIG. 39D is a motor current direction state diagram. FIG. 39E is a current control loop mode diagram. FIG. 39F is a schematic view of control logic for a digital signal processor. FIG. 40 is a schematic view of control logic. FIG. 41 is a schematic view of a robotic vehicle mission. FIG. 42 is a schematic view of a robot with a dual flipper configuration. FIGS. 43-44 are schematic views of a robot with a dual flipper configuration. FIGS. 45-46 depict robotic vehicles encountering an obstacle. FIG. 47 depicts a robot vehicle having flippers residing within the length of the vehicle. FIGS. 48A-48C depict a robot using flippers to mount an obstacle backwards. FIG. 49 provides an example of how a pivotable neck and sensor head contribute significant CG shifting ability. FIGS. 50-51 depict the robot of FIG. 49 in two different elevated neck positions. FIGS. 52-54 depict a dual flipper robot in various positions for moving its center of gravity. FIG. 55 provides a flow chart of a method of ascending an obstacle. FIG. 56 depicts another robot center of gravity shifting technique. FIG. 57 depicts one method by which a robot may climb stairs. FIG. 58 depicts a dual flipper robot configured to ascend stairs. FIG. 59 depicts a dual flipper robot configured to descend stairs. FIG. 60 depicts a dual flipper robot configured to scale a maximum step height backwards. FIG. 61 illustrates a block diagram of a robot sensor head. FIG. 62 illustrates a block diagram of exemplary circuit components in a robot chassis or base. Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.
|
['B62D55065']
|
detailed_description
|
11,608,245
|
[summary] It is therefore a primary objective of the claimed invention to provide a method for recording a plurality of data sets onto an optical storage medium after re-arranging the data sets according to a sorting process in an optical storage system to solve the above-mentioned problems. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method is disclosed for recording a plurality of data sets onto an optical storage medium by utilizing a temporary storage device in an optical storage system, the optical storage system comprising a memory for storing the plurality of data sets, the optical storage medium comprising a plurality of data blocks and a plurality of spare data blocks being installed on the optical storage medium, each data block being utilized for recording a data set, each spare data block being utilized for substituting for a defective data block to record the data set corresponding to the defective data block, the method comprising storing a plurality of data sets corresponding to a plurality of defective data blocks in the memory into the temporary storage device; re-arranging a sequence of the plurality of data sets corresponding to the plurality of defective data blocks in the temporary storage device according to a sorting process; and recording the plurality of re-arranged data sets in the temporary storage device into the spare storing section; and recording the plurality of re-arranged data sets in the spare storing section into the corresponding spare data blocks in an optical storage medium. According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method is disclosed for recording a plurality of data sets onto an optical storage medium in an optical storage system to reduce seeking processes, the optical storage medium being installed with a plurality of data blocks and a plurality of spare data blocks, each data block utilized for recording a data set, each spare data block utilized for substituting for a defective data block to record a data set corresponding to the defective data block, the optical storage system comprising a memory comprising a main storing section and a spare storing section; and a temporary storage device electrically connected to the memory for temporarily storing data sets; the method comprising: utilizing the main storing section to store the plurality of data sets; storing a predetermined number of data sets corresponding to a predetermined number of defective data blocks in the main storing section into the temporary storage device, wherein the predetermined number is determined according to a memory capacity of the main storing section; re-arranging a sequence of the predetermined number of data sets in the temporary storage device according to a sorting process; recording the predetermined number of re-arranged data sets in the temporary storage device into the spare storing section; and recording the predetermined number in the spare storing section into a predetermined number of corresponding spare data blocks of the optical storage medium. According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method is disclosed for recording a plurality of data sets into a plurality of adjacent spare data blocks of an optical storage medium, each data set corresponding to a spare data block number, each spare data block number corresponding to a spare data block, the method comprising: (a) arranging the plurality of data sets according to a sequence of the plurality of corresponding spare data block numbers so that the plurality of spare data block numbers of the plurality of arranged data sets become consecutive spare data block numbers; and (b) after proceeding with step(a), recording the plurality of arranged data sets into a plurality of adjacent spare data blocks. These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings.
|
['G11C2900']
|
summary
|
12,279,737
|
[claim] 1. An apparatus (15) for providing a simulation of TEM imaging of specimen, arranged to simulate the electron-specimen interaction and the imaging properties of the TEM instrument, independently of each other, said apparatus comprising: model means (21) for providing at least one mathematical description of the scattering properties of a virtual specimen; simulating means for receiving the mathematical description of the scattering properties of the virtual specimen from the model means as input data and simulating the image formation in the TEM, and using a first model for simulating the electron-specimen interaction and a second model for simulating the imaging properties of the TEM instrument, said apparatus being characterized in that said first model for simulating electron-specimen interaction is provided such that the scattered electron wave can be expressed as an explicit expression involving the mathematical description of the scattering properties of the virtual specimen and the incoming electron wave, wherein said first model substantially fully accounts for the wave nature of the electrons within the realm of the validity of the expression. 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the simulating means (23) is arranged to base the simulation on the scalar Schrδdinger equation for modelling the electron-specimen interaction and the isoplanatic model for the microscope optics. 3. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first-order Born approximation is used in order to model the electron specimen interaction. 4. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the model means (21) is arranged to receive the model from a source and store it semipermanently. 5. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the model means (21) is arranged to receive the model from a source and store it temporarily for a particular simulation. 6. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the model means is arranged to generate the virtual model for a particular simulation. 7. A method for simulating the behaviour of a TEM, said method comprising the following steps:—using at least one mathematical description of the scattering properties of a virtual specimen; simulating the image formation in the TEM with the mathematical description of the scattering properties of the virtual specimen as input using a first model for simulating the electron-specimen interaction and a second model for simulating the imaging properties of the TEM instrument, said method being characterized in that in the first model simulating electron-specimen interaction, the scattered electron wave can be expressed as an explicit expression involving the mathematical description of the scattering properties of the virtual specimen and the incoming electron wave, wherein said first model substantially fully accounts for the wave nature of the electrons within the realm of the validity of said expression. 8. A method for simulating the behaviour of the TEM according to claim 7, wherein the simulation is based on the scalar Schrδdinger equation for modelling the electron-specimen interaction and the isoplanatic model for the microscope optics. 9. A method according to claim 7, wherein the first-order Born approximation is used as a model for the electron specimen interaction. 10. An apparatus for reconstructing, by means of electron tomography, the structural properties of a sample from images formed by means of a transmission electron microscope, said apparatus comprising receiving means (13) for receiving TEM data about the sample from a TEM, an apparatus (15) for providing a simulation of TEM imaging of a specimen as claimed in claim 1, and reconstruction means (17) for reconstructing the scattering properties of said sample from said TEM data using said simulation. 11. A method for reconstructing, by means of electron tomography, the scattering properties of a sample from images formed by means of a TEM, comprising the steps of receiving TEM data about the sample from a TEM, providing a simulation of TEM imaging of a specimen as claimed in claim 7, reconstructing the scattering properties of said sample from said TEM data using said simulation. 12. A simulation object arranged in a computer readable storage medium, formed by simulating image formation in a transmission electron microscope, i.e. TEM, with a mathematical description of the scattering properties of the virtual specimen as input using a first model for simulating the electron-specimen interaction and a second model for simulating the imaging properties of the TEM instrument, wherein in the first model simulating electron-specimen interaction, the scattered electron wave can be expressed as an explicit expression involving a mathematical description of the scattering properties of the virtual specimen and an incoming electron wave, wherein said first model substantially fully accounts for the wave nature of the electrons within the realm of the validity of said expression. 13. A reconstructed object arranged in a computer readable storage medium, formed by reconstruction of received transmission electron microscope, TEM, data about a sample from the TEM, wherein the reconstructed object is obtained by: obtaining a simulation object according to claim 12, reconstructing the scattering properties of said sample from said TEM data using said simulation object. 14. A method according to claim 8, wherein the first-order Born approximation is used as a model for the electron specimen interaction. 15. A method for reconstructing, by means of electron tomography, the scattering properties of a sample from images formed by means of a TEM, comprising the steps of receiving TEM data about the sample from a TEM, providing a simulation of TEM imaging of a specimen as claimed in claim 8, reconstructing the scattering properties of said sample from said TEM data using said simulation. 16. A method for reconstructing, by means of electron tomography, the scattering properties of a sample from images formed by means of a TEM, comprising the steps of receiving TEM data about the sample from a TEM, providing a simulation of TEM imaging of a specimen as claimed in claim 9, reconstructing the scattering properties of said sample from said TEM data using said simulation.
|
['G06F1710' 'G06G762' 'G06T100' 'H01J3726']
|
claim
|
12,646,660
|
[description] Embodiments of a base mechanism, a multi-chip module (MCM) that includes the base mechanism, and a technique for assembling the MCM are described. This base mechanism includes a substrate having top and bottom surfaces. The bottom surface includes first electrical connectors that convey power, and through-substrate vias (TSVs) between the top and bottom surfaces are electrically coupled to these electrical connectors. Furthermore, a bridge chip is rigidly mechanically coupled to the top surface (e.g., it is embedded or integrated into the base plate). This bridge chip includes proximity communication connectors that communicate information via proximity communication with one or more island chips in the MCM. Additionally, spacers are rigidly mechanically coupled to the top surface of the substrate. In conjunction with the bridge chip, the spacers define cavities on the top surface, which include second electrical connectors. These second electrical connectors are electrically coupled to the TSVs, and communicate additional information with and convey power to the one or more island chips. This base mechanism may facilitate a lower cost MCM and faster development time cycles. In particular, by using a common configuration of the proximity connectors on the bridge chip, which are arranged in the selectable groups, the problem of MCM cost and development time may be solved. For example, the base mechanism may be used in different configurations of the MCM in which a given island chip communicates the information with the base mechanism via one or more of the selectable groups. Thus, the same base mechanism may be used to electrically couple to the island chips having a different number of proximity communication connectors (such as customized application-specific integrated circuits or ASICs), while using a common configuration for the bridge chip (which may be based on design rules for the proximity communication input/output block that can be used in a standard library). Consequently, the design of the island chips and the base plate may be, at least in part, decoupled, which may reduce the cost and time-to-market of the MCM. Furthermore, a standard proximity-communication interface may allow the substrate to accommodate heterogeneous
|
['H05K118' 'H05K700' 'H05K330' 'H05K342']
|
detailed_description
|
12,325,994
|
[claim] 1. An ink cartridge comprising: a case comprising: an ink chamber configured to store ink therein; a particular face facing an exterior of the case and having a first opening formed therethrough; at least one engaging portion positioned at the particular face; and a particular wall extending from a particular portion of the particular face, wherein the particular portion surrounds the first opening, and the particular wall has a tube shape, wherein the particular wall comprises an end defining a second opening opposite the first opening; an elastic member positioned at the end of the particular wall; and a cap comprising: an end wall having an third opening formed therethrough; a peripheral wall surrounding each of the elastic member and at least one portion of the particular wall; and at least one engaging member extending from the peripheral wall and engaging the at least one engaging portion. 2. The ink cartridge of claim 1, wherein the particular wall extends from the particular portion of the particular face in a particular direction, and the second opening and the third opening are aligned in the particular direction. 3. The ink cartridge of claim 1, wherein the at least one engaging member is configured to elastically deform. 4. The ink cartridge of claim 1, wherein the elastic member contacts the end of the particular wall. 5. The ink cartridge of claim 4, wherein the peripheral wall comprises an inner surface, and the elastic member contacts the inner surface. 6. The ink cartridge of claim 1, wherein the elastic member is sandwiched between the end of the particular wall and the cap. 7. The ink cartridge of claim 1, wherein a portion of the elastic member is positioned in an interior of the particular wall. 8. The ink cartridge of claim 1, wherein the elastic member has a fourth opening formed therethrough. 9. The ink cartridge of claim 1, wherein the at least one engaging portion comprises a first engaging portion a second engaging portion, and the at least one engaging member comprises a first engaging member and an engaging engaging member which engage the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion, respectively, wherein the particular wall is positioned between the first engaging member and the second engaging member. 10. The ink cartridge of claim 1, wherein the particular wall extends from the particular portion of the particular face in a particular direction, and the peripheral wall comprises a first portion surrounding the elastic member and a second portion surrounding the at least one portion of the particular wall, wherein the first portion of the peripheral wall has no opening formed therethrough in a radial direction of the peripheral wall, wherein the radial direction of the peripheral wall is perpendicular to an axial direction of the peripheral wall, and the axial direction of the peripheral wall is parallel to the particular direction. 11. A method of manufacturing an ink cartridge comprising: a case comprising: an ink chamber configured to store ink therein; a particular face facing an exterior of the case and having a first opening formed therethrough; at least one engaging portion positioned at the particular face; at least one guide surface positioned at the particular face; and a particular wall extending from a particular portion of the particular face in a particular direction, wherein the particular portion surrounds the first opening, and the particular wall has a tube shape, wherein the particular wall comprises an end defining a second opening opposite the first opening; an elastic member positioned at the end of the particular wall; and a cap comprising: an end wall having an third opening formed therethrough, wherein the second opening and the third opening are aligned in the particular direction; a peripheral wall surrounding each of the elastic member and at least one portion of the particular wall; and at least one engaging member extending from the peripheral wall and engaging the at least one engaging portion, the method comprising the steps of: contacting the at least one engaging member with the at least one guide surface; and pressing the at least one engaging member against the at least one engaging portion. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising the step of elastically deforming the at least one engaging member.
|
['B41J2175']
|
claim
|
11,509,915
|
[summary] The present invention is directed to polymeric compositions providing improved bactericidal, hydrophilicity/wettability, and biocompatibility characteristics. In particular, the present invention provides a bactericidal composition, including a hydrophilic first comonomer polymerized to a second comonomer to form a polymeric composition, where the polymeric composition is more soluble and/or more bactericidal in an aqueous solution than either of the first comonomer or the second comonomer alone. In a particular example, the present invention provides a quaternized bactericidal composition, in which poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) is copolymerized with hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) or poly(ethyleneglycol) methacrylate (PEGMA). In another example, the present invention provides a method for rendering a material or area bactericidal in which a bactericidal composition of the present invention is applied to a medium or device in an amount suitable for killing or significantly reducing the number of bacteria in or on the treated medium or device compared to an untreated medium or device. In another example, the present invention provides a method for killing or significantly reducing the number of bacteria on a material or area treated with a bactericidal composition of the present invention. In a further example, the present invention provides a method for identifying a polymer having suitable bactericidal activity in which a hydrophilic first comonomer is polymerized to a second comonomer to form a bactericidal polymeric composition, where the polymeric composition is determined to have suitable bactericidal activity if the polymeric composition has a higher bactericidal activity in an aqueous solution than either of the hydrophilic first comonomer or second comonomer alone (or treated similarly as the polymeric composition). Applications for the inventive compositions include their use in catheters, needles, sutures, stents and other implantable medical devices, contact lenses, root canal fillers, wound dressings, burn dressings, tissue culture plates, and the like.
|
['A61K31787' 'C12Q118']
|
summary
|
11,657,046
|
[claim] 1. A display apparatus comprising: a cathode plate having: a plurality of thin-film electron emitters which have a base electrode, a top electrode, and an electron acceleration layer sandwiched between the base electrode and the top electrode and which emits electrons from a top electrode side by applying a voltage between the base electrode and the top electrode; a plurality of first electrode groups parallel to one another; and a plurality of second electrode groups parallel to one another, the first electrode groups being configured to feed power to the top electrode; a display panel having a phosphor screen substrate having a phosphor screen where a phosphor is formed which is excited by the electrons to emit light; and a drive circuit which drives the thin-film electron emitters, wherein each electrode (first electrode) forming the first electrode group is in a stripe-form, wherein a contact electrode electrically connected to the first electrode is provided which is electrically connected to the top electrode and provided along two or more adjacent sides of the electron-emission area of the thin-film electron emitter. 2. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a film thickness of the contact electrode is smaller than a film thickness of the first electrode but larger than a film thickness of the top electrode. 3. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the contact electrode is connected to the first electrode on a side of the contact electrode, wherein, on a side opposite to the side of the first electrode, undercut is formed below the first electrode. 4. The display apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the contact electrode is in contact with a plurality of sides excluding a side opposite to the first electrode electrically connected to the thin-film electron emitter. 5. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the two or more adjacent sides include the longest side of sides of the electron-emission area of the thin-film electron emitter. 6. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the two or more adjacent sides include, of the sides of the electron-emission area of the thin-film electron emitter, a side in a direction perpendicular to a direction of the first electrode group. 7. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a center of the electron-emission area is displaced from a center line of each electrode of the second electrode group. 8. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein sheet resistance of the top electrode is 1 kilo-ohm per square or more. 9. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the contact electrode is provided at a layer between a layer of the first electrode group and a layer of the second electrode group. 10. A display apparatus comprising: a cathode plate having: a plurality of thin-film electron emitters which have a base electrode, a top electrode, and an electron acceleration layer sandwiched between the base electrode and the top electrode and which emits electrons from a top electrode side by applying a voltage between the base electrode and the top electrode; a plurality of first electrode groups parallel to one another; and a plurality of second electrode groups parallel to one another, the first electrode groups being configured to feed power to the top electrode; a display panel having a phosphor screen substrate having a phosphor screen where a phosphor is formed which is excited by the electrons to emit light; and a drive circuit which drives the thin-film electron emitters, wherein the first electrode group is electrically connected to a contact electrode, which is electrically connected to the top electrode, wherein a first inter-layer insulator and a second inter-layer insulator are formed at an intersecting region between the first electrode group and the second electrode group, wherein the second inter-layer insulator is formed in the outside of perimeter of the electron-emission area on the first inter-layer insulator, and wherein the contact electrode is so formed as to cover a top and an edge facing the electron-emission area of the second inter-layer insulator. 11. The display apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the first inter-layer insulating film is an anodization film. 12. The display apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the contact electrode is connected to the first electrode on a side of the contact electrode, wherein, on a side opposite to the side of the first electrode, undercut is formed below the first electrode. 13. The display apparatus according to claim 10, wherein, of intersecting regions between the first electrode group and the second electrode group, an edge of the second electrode part is covered by the second inter-layer insulator. 14. The display apparatus according to claim 10, wherein sheet resistance of the top electrode is 1 kilo-ohm per square or more. 15. The display apparatus according to claim 10, wherein a patterning process of the second inter-layer insulating film is performed prior to a deposition process of the contact electrode. 16. A display apparatus comprising: a cathode plate having: a plurality of thin-film electron emitters which have a base electrode, a top electrode, and an electron acceleration layer sandwiched between the base electrode and the top electrode and which emits electrons from a top electrode side by applying a voltage between the base electrode and the top electrode; a plurality of first electrode groups parallel to one another; and a plurality of second electrode groups parallel to one another, the first electrode groups being configured to feed power to the top electrode; a display panel having a phosphor screen substrate having a phosphor screen where a phosphor is formed which is excited by the electrons to emit light; and a drive circuit which drives the thin-film electron emitters, wherein the first electrode group is electrically connected to a contact electrode, which is electrically connected to the top electrode, wherein a first inter-layer insulator and a second inter-layer insulator are formed at an intersecting region between the first electrode group and the second electrode group, wherein a patterning process of the second
|
['H01J100' 'H01J162' 'H01J1906' 'H01J6304']
|
claim
|
11,218,166
|
[summary] The scope of the present invention is defined solely by the appended claims, and is not affected to any degree by the statements within this summary. In view of the aforesaid information, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing an image processing circuit using fewer development processes and design processes than conventional art, and a particle image analyzer and a storage medium recording a computer program used in the implementation of the testing method. The first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for testing an image processing circuit which executes a predetermined image process on a particle image containing an image of a particle, the method comprising an image processing step for executing the predetermined image process on a test image which contains a test particle image in the image processing circuit; and a testing step for comparing a processing result by the image processing circuit and a predetermined test processing result, and testing whether or not the image processing circuit is functioning normally based on the comparing result. The second aspect of the present invention relates to a particle image analyzer comprising an image processing circuit for executing a predetermined image process on a particle image containing an image of a particle; an image process executing means for executing the predetermined image process on a test image containing a test particle image in the image processing circuit; and a testing means for comparing the processing result by the image processing circuit and a predetermined test processing result, and testing whether or not the image processing circuit is functioning normally based on the comparing result. The third aspect of the present invention relates to a particle image analyzer comprising an imaging section for capturing an image of a particle; an image processing circuit for executing a predetermined image process on a particle image containing the image of a particle; a memory for storing beforehand a test image that include a test particle image; an image process executing means for executing the predetermined image process on the test image by the image processing circuit; and a testing means for comparing a processing result by the image processing circuit and a predetermined test processing result, and testing whether or not the image processing circuit is functioning normally based on the comparing result. The fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a computer readable storage medium for storing a computer program for testing, on a computer, an image processing circuit which executes a predetermined image process on a particle image containing an image of a particle, wherein the computer program comprises an image process execution directing means for directing execution of the predetermined image process using a test image containing a test particle image in the image processing circuit; a reading means for reading, from a memory, a predetermined test processing result recorded beforehand on the memory; and a testing means for comparing the test processing result read by the reading means and a processing result obtained by performing predetermined image process in the image processing circuit, and testing whether or not the image processing circuit is functioning normally based on the comparing result.
|
['G01R2728' 'G01R3100']
|
summary
|
11,389,207
|
[claim] 1. A method for testing a polarization state of polarized light comprising: preparing a test photosensitive film on a test wafer, the test wafer having a flat surface and a grid pattern in which reflectance changes depending on a polarization direction of the polarized light; exposing the test photosensitive film to the polarized light; measuring a change of the test photosensitive film caused by the polarized light; and determining a polarization state of the polarized light, based on the change. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: obtaining a standard dose of the polarized light to change the test photosensitive film on the flat surface. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: obtaining a reference dose of the polarized light to change the test photosensitive film on the grid pattern to the same degree as on the flat surface. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: calculating a dose ratio of the reference dose to the standard dose. 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising: adjusting a direction of the grid pattern to be parallel to the polarization direction. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising: determining that a degree of polarization of the polarized light deteriorates when the reference dose is increased. 7. The method of claim 3, further comprising: adjusting a direction of the grid pattern to be perpendicular to the polarization direction. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising: determining that a degree of polarization of the polarized light increases when the reference dose is decreased. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein a pitch of the grid pattern is less than twice the wavelength of the polarized light. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the grid pattern includes a plurality of electric conductors and a plurality of dielectric substances arranged periodically. 11. The method of claim 3, further comprising: determining a direction of the grid pattern to minimize the reference dose. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: determining that the polarization direction is parallel to the direction of the grid pattern. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the polarized light is emitted from a multipole illumination. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the polarized light passes through a pinhole disposed at a non-conjugate point of the test photosensitive film. 15. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: preparing a test photosensitive film on a test wafer, the test wafer having a flat surface and a grid pattern in which reflectance changes depending on a polarization direction of a polarized light; exposing the test photosensitive film to the polarized light; measuring a change of the test photosensitive film caused by the polarized light; determining a polarization state of the polarized light, based on the change; correcting an illumination optical system for the polarized light, based on the polarization state; coating a product resist film on a product wafer; projecting a circuit pattern onto the product resist film by using the corrected illumination optical system; and developing the product resist film to form a product resist pattern corresponding to the circuit pattern on the product wafer. 16. A test substrate for testing a polarization state of polarized light comprising: a test wafer having a grid pattern to be exposed to the polarized light, the grid pattern having a pitch less than twice the wavelength of the polarized light; and a test photosensitive film disposed on the test wafer. 17. The test substrate of claim 16, wherein the grid pattern includes a plurality of electric conductors and a plurality of dielectric substances arranged periodically. 18. The test substrate of claim 17, wherein each of the plurality of electric conductors is composed of copper. 19. The test substrate of claim 17, wherein each of the plurality of dielectric substances is composed of silicon dioxide.
|
['G01J400']
|
claim
|
11,797,127
|
[description] These and/or other aspects, features, and advantages of the invention will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of exemplary embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which: FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a plasma display panel (PDP) apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a sectional view illustrating a PDP filter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3A is an exploded perspective view illustrating a PDP apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3B is a sectional view illustrating a section incised along a line B-B′ of FIG. 3A; FIGS. 4A through 4H are perspective views illustrating transformational examples of an external light-shielding layer used for a PDP filter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a PDP apparatus according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
|
['H01J6140' 'H01J516' 'H01K126' 'H01K130']
|
detailed_description
|
11,244,023
|
[summary] A data collection application is executed on a target system. Various data indicative of privilege elevation pathways is collected, including user account data, file permission data, and system registry data. The collected data is analyzed according to heuristics. System accounts are displayed on a graph as nodes. Detected privilege elevations between the accounts are displayed as edges between their corresponding accounts. A user may customize the displayed graph to focus on particular goal accounts, and categories of privilege elevations.
|
['H04L932']
|
summary
|
11,613,763
|
[claim] 1. A process for the preparation of a 1,2-diol, which process comprises reacting a feed comprising an olefin and oxygen in the presence an epoxidation catalyst contained in a first section of one or more process microchannels of a microchannel reactor to form an olefin oxide, converting the olefin oxide with carbon dioxide to form a 1,2-carbonate in a second section of the one or more process microchannels positioned downstream of the first section, and converting the 1,2-carbonate with water or an alcohol to form the 1,2-diol in a third section of the one or more process microchannels positioned downstream of the second section. 2. The process of claim 1, wherein the epoxidation catalyst comprises a Group 11 metal in a quantity of from 50 to 500 g/kg, relative to the weight of the catalyst. 3. The process of claim 1, wherein the epoxidation catalyst comprises silver deposited in a carrier material. 4. The process of claim 3, wherein the catalyst comprises, as promoter component(s), one or more elements selected from rhenium, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, and mixtures thereof, and additionally one or more alkali metals selected from lithium, potassium, and cesium. 5. The process of claim 3, wherein the carrier material is an alumina having a surface area at least 0.3 m2/g and at most 10 m2/g, relative to the weight of the carrier and having a pore size distribution such that pores with diameters in the range of from 0.2 to 10 μm represent more than 80% of the total pore volume. 6. The process of claim 1, wherein the feed comprises the olefin and oxygen in a total quantity of at least 50 mole-%, relative to the total feed. 7. The process of claim 6, wherein the feed comprises the olefin and oxygen in a total quantity of from 80 to 99.5 mole-%, relative to the total feed. 8. The process of claim 1, wherein the feed comprises saturated hydrocarbons in a quantity of at most 5 mole-%, relative to the total feed, and the feed comprises inert gases in a quantity of at most 5 mole-%, relative to the total feed. 9. The process of claim 8, wherein the quantity of saturated hydrocarbons is at most 2 mole-%, relative to the total feed, and the quantity of inert gases is at most 2 mole-%, relative to the total feed. 10. The process of claim 1, which process additionally comprises quenching the olefin oxide in a first intermediate section, which is positioned downstream of first section and upstream of second section. 11. The process of claim 10, wherein quenching comprises decreasing the temperature of the first mixture to a temperature in the range of from 20 to 200° C. 12. The process of claim 10, wherein the process comprises quenching by heat exchange with a heat exchange fluid. 13. The process of claim 10, wherein the process comprises quenching in more than one stage by heat exchange with a plurality of heat exchange fluids having different temperatures. 14. The process of claim 1, wherein the process comprises converting the olefin oxide with carbon dioxide applying a molar ratio of carbon dioxide to the olefin oxide of at most 10. 15. The process of claim 14, wherein the molar ratio is in the range of from 1 to 8. 16. The process of claim 15, wherein the molar ratio is in the range of from 1.1 to 6. 17. The process of claim 1, wherein the process comprises catalytically converting the olefin oxide with carbon dioxide at a temperature in the range of from 30 to 200° C., and at a pressure in the range of from 500 to 3500 kPa, as measured at the second feed channel. 18. The process of claim 17, wherein the temperature is in the range of from 50 to 150° C. 19. The process of claim 17, wherein converting the olefin oxide with carbon dioxide comprises converting the olefin oxide in the presence of a catalyst selected from resins which comprise quaternary phosphonium halide groups or quaternary ammonium halide groups on a styrene/divinylbenzene copolymer matrix; catalysts comprising a metal salt immobilized in a solid carrier, wherein the metal salt comprises a cation of a metal selected from those in the third Period and Group 2, the fourth Period and Groups 2 and 4-12, the fifth Period and Groups 2, 4-7, 12 and 14, and the sixth Period and Groups 2 and 4-6, of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and wherein the carrier contains a quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium, quaternary arsenonium, quaternary stibonium or a quaternary sulfonium cation, which cation may or may not be separated from the backbone of the carrier by a spacer group of the general formula —(CH2—O—)m—(CH2)n—, m and n being integers, with n being at most 10, when m is 0, and n being from 1 to 8, when m is 1; quaternary phosphonium halides, quaternary ammonium halides, and metal halides; catalysts comprising an organic base neutralized with a hydrogen halide, wherein the organic base has a pKa greater than 8 and comprises a carbon-based compound containing one or more nitrogen and/or phosphorus atoms with at least one free electron pair; and catalysts comprising from 10 to 90 mole-%, based on the mixture, of an organic base and from 10 to 90 mole-%, based on the mixture, of the salt of the organic base and a hydrogen halide, wherein the organic base comprises a carbon-based compound containing one or more nitrogen and/or phosphorus atoms with at least one free electron pair, and has a pKa high enough that it is capable of binding carbon dioxide under the reaction conditions. 20. The process of claim 19, wherein the metal salt is a metal salt selected from halides, acetates, laureates, nitrates and sulfates of one or more selected from magnesium, calcium, zinc, cobalt, nickel, manganese, copper and tin, or the solid carrier for immobilizing the metal salt is selected from a silica-alumina, a zeolite, a resin with a polystyrene/divinylbenzene copolymer
|
['C07D30106' 'C07D30110']
|
claim
|
11,394,397
|
[summary] According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of installing strings of coiled tubing into a wellbore comprising the steps of providing a first string of coiled tubing, providing at least one other string of coiled tubing, joining the first string of coiled tubing to the at least one other string of coiled tubing, and inserting the first string of coiled tubing into the wellbore whereby, the at least one other string of coiled tubing is inserted into the wellbore by the first string of coiled tubing. According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for installing strings of coiled tubing together into a wellbore comprising an injector for inserting a first string of coiled tubing into the wellbore, and a common connector for joining at least one other string of coiled tubing with the first string of coiled tubing and whereby, insertion of the first string of coiled tubing into a wellbore causes insertion of the at least second string of coiled tubing into the wellborn. According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for inserting at three coiled tubing strings into a wellbore, the apparatus comprising an injector for inserting a master coiled tubing string into a wellbore, and a connector for affixing a master coiled tubing string to two slave coiled tubing strings whereby insertion of the master coiled tubing string into a wellbore causes the slave coiled tubing strings to be inserted together with the master coiled tubing string. According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of simultaneously installing two or more strings of coiled tubing simultaneously in a wellbore with the coiled tubing is connected to a pump or other downhole tool or device. According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a system of guiding one or more strings of coiled tubing into a wellbore as the strings of coiled tubing are pulled into the wellbore by another coiled tubing string. The present application discloses coiled tubing equipment for the insertion of the additional coiled tubing strings into the wellborn. According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for connecting two or more coiled tubing strings to a downhole device such as a hydraulic submersible pump which allows for fluid segregation between resident wellbore fluids and fluids introduced to the system to provide a means of powering or driving a bottom hole assembly or downhole device such as a hydraulic submersible pump.
|
['E21B1922']
|
summary
|
12,561,575
|
SOLAR CELL WITH EMBEDDED ELECTRODE [SEP] [abstract] A solar cell includes a silicon substrate, an anti-reflection coating (ARC) layer, an embedded electrode and a back-side electrode. The silicon substrate has a front side and a back side. The silicon substrate has a P+ silicon layer near the back side, an N+ silicon layer near the front side and a P-type silicon layer disposed between the P+ silicon layer and the N+ silicon layer. The ARC layer is formed on the front side of the silicon substrate. The embedded electrode penetrates through the ARC layer and the N+ silicon layer, projects out of the ARC layer, and is electrically connected to the N+ silicon layer and the P-type silicon layer. The back-side electrode is formed on the back side of the silicon substrate and electrically connected to the P+ silicon layer.
|
['H01L3100']
|
abstract
|
12,579,473
|
[claim] 1. An optical fiber apparatus, comprising: an optical fiber having an optical fiber end; and a coating material disposed on at least a portion of the optical fiber end and configured to optically attenuate a portion of light directed to the optical fiber end. 2. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coating material includes material comprised from the group consisting of carbon, a metal, and a polymer. 3. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coating material provides a hermetic seal to the optical fiber. 4. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 1, wherein the optical fiber end is comprised of either a source end or a detector end. 5. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coating material is provided at a first thickness to control an amount of optical attenuation of the portion of the light directed to the optical fiber end. 6. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first thickness is between ten (10) micrometers (μm) and two hundred (200) micrometers. 7. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coating material is disposed on the entire outer surface of the optical fiber end. 8. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 1, wherein the optical fiber end is angle-cleaved. 9. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an optical attenuation pattern disposed in at least a portion of the coating material to selectively optically attenuate the portion of the light directed to the optical fiber end. 10. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 9, wherein the optical attenuation pattern is comprised of a ring pattern. 11. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 9, wherein the optical attenuation pattern is comprised of a concave pattern. 12. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 9, wherein the optical attenuation pattern is configured to optically attenuate higher-order mode portions of the light directed to the optical fiber end. 13. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 9, wherein the optical attenuation pattern is configured to optically attenuate lower-order mode portions of the light directed to the optical fiber end. 14. The optical fiber apparatus of claim 9, wherein the optical attenuation pattern is configured to optically attenuate at least one divergence angle of the portion of the light directed to the optical fiber end. 15. A method of providing optical attenuation for an optical fiber link, comprising: providing an optical fiber having an optical fiber end; disposing a coating material on at least a portion of the optical fiber end configured to optically attenuate a portion of light directed to the optical fiber end; and angle cleaving the optical fiber end. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein disposing the coating material comprises disposing the coating material on the entire outer surface of the optical fiber end. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein angle cleaving the optical fiber end further comprises applying a laser beam to the optical fiber end. 18. The method of claim 15, further comprising removing a portion of the coating material to a desired thickness. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein removing the portion of the coating material is performed after the angle cleaving of the optical fiber end. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein removing the portion of the coating material is performed prior to the angle cleaving of the optical fiber end. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein removing the portion of the coating material further comprises applying a laser beam to the coating material to remove the portion of the coating material. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising controlling a power of the laser beam to remove the portion of the coating material to the desired thickness. 23. The method of claim 21, further comprising controlling a duration of the application of the laser beam to the coating material to remove the portion of the coating material to the desired thickness. 24. The method of claim 15, further comprising disposing an optical attenuation pattern in at least a portion of the coating material. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein disposing the optical attenuation pattern comprises removing the at least a portion of the coating material. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein disposing the optical attenuation pattern comprises etching a pattern in the at least a portion of the coating material. 27. The method of claim 24, wherein disposing the optical attenuation pattern comprises applying a chemical treatment in the at least a portion of the coating material. 28. The method of claim 24, wherein the optical attenuation pattern is comprised of a ring pattern. 29. The method of claim 24, wherein the optical attenuation pattern is comprised of a concave pattern. 30. The method of claim 24, further comprising the optical attenuation pattern optically attenuating higher-order mode portions of the light directed to the optical fiber end. 31. The method of claim 24, further comprising the optical attenuation pattern optically attenuating lower-order mode portions of the light directed to the optical fiber end. 32. The method of claim 24, further comprising the optical attenuation pattern optically attenuating at least one divergence angle of the light directed to the optical fiber end. 33. An optical fiber link, comprising: an optical light source configured to launch light in a light path; an optical fiber having a source end aligned with the optical light source to receive light launched in the light path from the optical light source; and a coating material disposed on at least a portion of the source end of the optical fiber in the light path between the optical fiber and the optical light source in at least a portion of the light path configured to optically attenuate at least a portion of the light launched by the optical light source in the light path. 34. The optical fiber link of claim 33, further comprising an optical attenuation pattern disposed in at least a portion of the coating material to selectively attenuate the
|
['G02B600']
|
claim
|
12,273,593
|
[invention] Many medical interventions rely on the delivery to a target location of energy, such as electrical energy, inside the body of a patient. For example, an occlusion in a blood vessel such as a partial or total occlusion may be vaporized, at least partially, by delivering a suitable electrical current to the occlusion. There currently exist magnetically guided guidewires, which are typically relatively long and relatively thin wires at the end of which a magnet is located. The guidewire is typically used in conjunction with a catheter that is slid over the guidewire after the wire has been advanced through a desired path. In use, the guidewire protrudes a relatively small distance in front of the catheter when there is a need to either steer the catheter at a junction, or guide the catheter through a relatively tortuous path. Then, a magnetic field may be applied to guide the guidewire through a predetermined path. Thereafter, the catheter is slid over the guidewire. The guidewire can have an electrode at the tip that can be used to deliver RF energy at the tip for local ablation and removal of tissue. In the local vicinity of the tip of such a device, however, it is important to ensure that the wall of the blood vessel that is being ablated is not perforated, and that only the blockage within the vessel is ablated. There is a need to provide novel remotely steerable devices that can not only be navigated efficiently and deliver energy effectively to or effectively push through occlusion at a desired lesion site in the patient anatomy, but can also provide local imaging that can help ensure that ablation is occurring safely away from vessel walls. The present invention is designed to provide such a method and an apparatus.
|
['A61B814' 'A61B1814' 'A61M2501']
|
background
|
12,013,277
|
[invention] The packaging of DNA into chromatin restricts the accessibility of DNA to factors involved in fundamental cellular processes such as DNA replication and transcription. The repeating organizing unit of chromatin is the nucleosome. Each nucleosome consists of a core built of two copies of histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4, around which the DNA is tightly wrapped and bound by electrostatic interactions. Consistent with the repressive effects of chromatin on gene expression, gene activation is often accompanied by nucleosomal rearrangements. Such local or extended structural changes in chromatin are achieved by ATP-driven chromatin remodeling complexes and by posttranslational acetylation, methylation or phosphorylation of histones. The most abundant and best-studied posttranslational modification of chromatin is the reversible acetylation of lysines in the amino-terminal tails of the four core histones. Transcriptionally silenced regions, such as heterochromatin and the inactivated mammalian X chromosome, are associated with hypoacetylated histones. In contrast, transcriptionally active domains in euchromatin are often associated with histone hyperacetylation. Localized changes in histone acetylation levels near the transcriptional start site of certain genes are linked to gene activation or repression. The causal link between histone acetylation and transcriptional regulation is dramatically illustrated by the identification and characterization of transcriptional regulators containing histone acetyltransferase (HAT) or deacetylase (HDAC) activities. HDAC proteins are classified in three distinct families. Class I HDACs (HDAC1, 2, 3, and 8) are derived from the yeast transcriptional regulator RPD3. Class II HDACs (HDAC4, 5, 6, and 7) are similar to HDA1, another deacetylase in yeast. Class III HDACs are related to the yeast silencing protein SIR2 and are dependent on NAD for enzymatic activity. In contrast to the relative compact proteins of class I, class II HDACs (HDAC4, 5, and 7) possess two distinct domains. The carboxyl-terminal domain of HDAC4 has catalytic activity in vivo whereas the amino-terminal domain exerts autonomous repressor activity by an unknown mechanism. Class I HDACs are expressed in most cell types; class II HDACs are expressed in a tisssue-specific manner and have been implicated in the regulation of muscle differentiation. HDACs 4 and 5 bind to transcription factors of the MEF2 family via their amino-terminal domain. This binding is regulated by calcium through calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent kinases. Both HDAC4 and HDAC5 shuttle in and out of the cell nucleus in a regulated manner controlled by phosphorylation and interaction with 14-3-3 proteins. Class II HDACs 4, 5 and 7 interact with SMRT, N-CoR, and BCoR, an additional corepressor that mediates repression by BCL-6. HDACs are part of high-molecular-mass corepressor complexes. These complexes are recruited to specific promoters via their interactions with sequence-specific DNA binding proteins, including the nuclear hormone receptors, the E-box binding factors, and the methylcytosine-binding protein MeCP2. Class I HDAC1 and HDAC2 are found in SIN3 and NURD/Mi2 complexes. In contrast, HDAC3 is associated with the corepressors SMRT and N-CoR in a complex that mediates transcriptional repression by the thyroid hormone receptor and the oncoprotein v-ErbA. Mutational analysis of RPD3 and HDAC1 indicates that enzymatic activity is essential for the transcriptional regulatory functions of these proteins in vivo. However, with few exceptions, it has been remarkably difficult to obtain recombinant HDAC proteins demonstrating enzymatic activity in vitro. Immunoprecipitation experiments have been required to study and characterize the enzymatic activity of most HDACs. In addition, biochemical fractionation of mammalian cell extracts has indicated that several additional proteins beside HDAC1 and HDAC2 might be necessary to build an enzymatically active HDAC1/HDAC2 core complex. The limitations observed in the expression of recombinant HDAC activity could therefore be the consequence of missing essential cofactors.
|
['C12Q134' 'C12Q168']
|
background
|
11,661,038
|
Circuit for Supplying Electrical Energy to Measuring Instrument [SEP] [abstract] An electric measuring device is supplied with electric energy at a high-voltage potential by a circuit that includes at least one first transformer on the ground potential side. The first transformer has a primary side, to which a generator is attached to generate a feed signal that supplies energy, and a symmetrically sub-divided secondary side with a division point connected to the ground potential. The circuit also has at least one second transformer on the high-voltage potential side with a symmetrically sub-divided primary side, whose division point is connected to the high-voltage potential and a secondary side, to which the measuring device can be connected for the energy supply. In addition, at least one symmetrically configured transmission element attenuates the potential and is equipped with two parallel sub-branches running between the secondary side of the first transformer and the primary side of the second transformer. To divide the voltage, each respective transmission element includes at least two voltage dividers, each having an intermediate nodal point. The respective transmission element can be connected to the measuring device via both nodal points by a respective line to measure the voltage.
|
['G01R1518' 'G01R1514']
|
abstract
|
12,256,623
|
[claim] 1. A liquid cooling apparatus for at least one electronic system chassis, the liquid cooling apparatus comprising: at least one chassis-level manifold assembly, each chassis-level manifold assembly being configured to facilitate liquid cooling of a respective electronic system chassis of the at least one electronic system chassis; and wherein each chassis-level manifold assembly comprises a first coolant path and a plurality of second coolant paths, the first coolant path being isolated from the plurality of second coolant paths by a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger facilitating transfer of heat from coolant within the second coolant paths to coolant within the first coolant path, and wherein each second coolant path of the plurality of second coolant paths is isolated from the other second coolant paths, and coolant passing through each second coolant path facilitates cooling of at least one respective component of the respective electronic system chassis, and wherein when the liquid cooling apparatus is operational, each second coolant path forms a portion of a respective closed loop coolant path of a plurality of closed loop coolant paths extending between the chassis-level manifold assembly and the respective electronic system chassis. 2. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 1, wherein each respective electronic system chassis comprises a plurality of blade units, and wherein for each chassis-level manifold assembly the liquid cooling apparatus further comprises tubing coupling each second coolant path of the plurality of second coolant paths of the chassis-level manifold assembly in fluid communication with a respective blade unit of the plurality of blade units of the respective electronic system chassis. 3. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 2, wherein at least one blade unit of the at least one electronic system chassis is an immersion-cooled blade with multiple components thereof immersion-cooled by coolant flowing through at least one respective second coolant path of the plurality of second coolant paths of the at least one chassis-level manifold assembly. 4. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 3, wherein each blade unit of the at least one electronic system chassis is an immersion-cooled blade comprising multiple components immersion-cooled by coolant flowing through a respective second coolant path of the plurality of second coolant paths of the at least one chassis-level manifold assembly, the coolant flowing through the plurality of second coolant paths of each chassis-level manifold assembly comprising a two-phase dielectric coolant, and wherein when operational, a vapor portion of the two-phase dielectric coolant passing through the second coolant paths of the at least one chassis-level manifold assembly is condensed within the at least one chassis-level manifold assembly, the condensing occurring at the heat exchanger of each chassis-level manifold assembly via transfer of heat from the two-phase dielectric coolant in the respective second coolant paths to coolant in the first coolant path. 5. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 3, wherein the at least one blade unit further comprises at least one baffle to direct coolant flow over the multiple components thereof to be immersion-cooled. 6. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 5, wherein the at least one blade unit further comprises at least one vapor deflector to facilitate return of vaporized coolant to the at least one respective second coolant path of the at least one chassis-level manifold assembly. 7. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 3, wherein each electronic system chassis of the at least one electronic system chassis comprises a multi-blade center system disposed within an electronics rack, and wherein the plurality of blade units of each multi-blade center system comprise a plurality of removable blades oriented vertically within the electronics rack, and each chassis-level manifold assembly of the at least one chassis-level manifold assembly couples to the electronic rack in a position which allows removal or servicing of the vertically oriented removable blades of the respective multi-blade center system. 8. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 3, wherein each electronic system chassis of the at least one electronic system chassis comprises a multi-blade center system disposed within an electronics rack, and the plurality of blade units of each multi-blade center system comprise a plurality of removable blades oriented vertically within the electronics rack, and wherein each chassis-level manifold assembly of the at least one chassis-level manifold assembly is configured to movably mount to the electronics rack adjacent to the respective multi-blade center system, and when mounted to the electronics rack, each chassis-level manifold assembly is vertically movable to facilitate removal or servicing of the vertically oriented removable blades of the respective multi-blade center system. 9. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 2, wherein each chassis-level manifold assembly is configured to mount in front of the respective electronic system chassis, and wherein the tubing coupling in fluid communication each second coolant path with the respective blade unit of the plurality of blade units of the respective electronic system chassis further comprises quick connect couplings. 10. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 2, wherein each chassis-level manifold assembly is configured to mount at a back of the respective electronic system chassis, and wherein the tubing coupling in fluid communication each second coolant path with a respective blade unit of the plurality of blade units of the electronic system chassis further comprises blind mate quick connect couplings disposed at the blade unit. 11. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 1, wherein each electronic system chassis comprises a multi-blade center system with a plurality of immersion-cooled blades, each immersion-cooled blade comprising tubing therein to facilitate removal of vaporized coolant from the immersion-cooled blade for return to the respective second coolant path of the respective chassis-level manifold assembly when the at least one chassis-level manifold assembly is operatively coupled to the electronic system chassis, wherein coolant flowing through the plurality of second coolant paths of each chassis-level manifold assembly comprises a two-phase dielectric coolant. 12. The liquid cooling apparatus of claim 11, wherein the tubing within each immersion-cooled blade comprises at least one of a snorkel-type tubing disposed within an upper portion of the immersion-cooled blade to remove trapped vaporized coolant from the upper
|
['F28D1500' 'F28F922' 'H05K720']
|
claim
|
11,137,019
|
[claim] 1. A food tray comprising a. a flat plate having an upper surface and a lower surface; b. a first and a second side and a first and a second end of the plate; c. a first elbow being positioned under the tray and approximately at the corner of the first end and first side, and a second elbow being positioned under the tray and approximately at the corner of the second end and the first side; d. the two elbows each having a first portion attached to the lower surface of the plate and being long enough to extend nearly to the bottom of an armchair cupholder; and a second portion angled to pass under the bottom of an armchair cupholder. 2. The food tray of claim 1, wherein the flat plate has at least one round opening to accommodate a beverage. 3. The food tray of claim 2, wherein the round opening is a recess in the plate surface. 4. The food tray of claim 2, wherein the round opening comprises a raised circle. 5. The food tray of claim 1, wherein the flat plate has an opening accommodating a hand. 6. The food tray of claim 1, wherein the flat plate has an opening accommodating a tray stacker. 7. The food tray of claim 1, wherein the upper surface comprises a raised edge, thereby avoiding dropping food items. 8. The food tray of claim 1, wherein the upper surface is textured to slow the movement of food items. 9. The food tray of claim 1, being capable of positioning to differently sized seats in airplanes, movie theaters, stadiums and other mass entertainment venues. 10. The food tray of claim 1, being capable of positioning to differently sized seats in vans, recreational vehicles and boats. 11. A food tray comprising a. a flat plate having an upper surface and a lower surface; b. a first and a second side and a first and a second end of the plate; c. a first and a second sliding mechanism attached to the lower surface and positioned near the first side of the plate, each sliding mechanism sliding inward from an end of the first side; d. a first elbow attached to a first sliding mechanism, such that the elbow is positioned near the corner formed by the first end and the first side; and e. a second elbow attached to a second sliding mechanism, such that the elbow is positioned near the corner formed by the second end and the first side, whereby, each elbow can be individually positioned away from its corner toward the center of the first side. 12. The food tray of claim 11, wherein the flat plate has at least one round indentation to accommodate a beverage. 13. The food tray of claim 12, wherein the round indentation comprises a hole to accommodate the beverage. 14. The food tray of claim 12, wherein the round recess is formed by a raised circle. 15. The food tray of claim 12, wherein the flat plate has an opening accommodating a tray stacker. 16. The food tray of claim 11, wherein the upper surface has at least one raised edge. 17. The food tray of claim 11, wherein the upper surface is textured, thereby is slowing the movement of food items on the tray. 18. A food and beverage tray comprising a. a flat plate having an upper surface and a lower surface; b. a first and a second side and a first and a second end of the plate; c. a first armature being positioned under the tray and approximately at the corner of the first end and first side, and a second armature being positioned under the tray and approximately at the corner of the second end and the first side; d. the two armatures each having a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being attached to the lower surface of the plate and being long enough to extend nearly to the bottom of an armchair cupholder, and a second portion that can be angled to pass under the bottom of an armchair cupholder.
|
['B65D528']
|
claim
|
12,635,378
|
SHEET FEEDING DEVICE AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS PROVIDED WITH THE SHEET FEEDING DEVICE [SEP] [abstract] A sheet feeding device that is suited to be employed in an image forming apparatus having a printing section for printing an image on a sheet. The sheet feeding device has feed rollers for feeding a sheet at a speed “Va” and timing rollers for feeding a sheet fed by the feed rollers to the printing section at a speed “Vb”. Sensors are provided between the feed rollers and the timing rollers, so that the gap between a foregoing sheet and a following sheet can be detected at a plurality of detection points while the foregoing sheet is being fed by the timing rollers and the following sheet is being fed by the feed rollers. When one of the sensors detects that there is a gap between the sheets, a control unit controls the feed rollers such that the speed “Va” will be higher than the speed “Vb”.
|
['B65H702']
|
abstract
|
12,541,452
|
METHODS FOR IMPROVING FRONTAL BRAIN BIOENERGETIC METABOLISM [SEP] [abstract] The invention provides methods and compositions for augmenting bioenergetic metabolism in the frontal brain involving administration of a cytidine-containing or uridine-containing compound to a human.
|
['A61K317072' 'A61K317068' 'A61P2500']
|
abstract
|
12,565,761
|
[description] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a phase calibration circuit 200 applied to two signal processing module groups 202 and 204 according to one embodiment of the present invention, where each signal processing module group includes at least one signal processing module. As shown in FIG. 1, the phase calibration circuit 200 includes two phase calibration modules 210 and 212, a phase detection module 220 and a filter module 230. The phase calibration circuit 200 is utilized for separately calibrating carrier phases in different portions of a demodulation circuit of a receiver of a communication system, and to make sure that in each portion of the demodulation circuit, the signal processed by the signal processing module has an accurate carrier phase. The operations of the phase calibration circuit 200 are described as follows. In the operations of the phase calibration circuit 200, first, the phase calibration module 210 receives an input signal Vin and calibrates a phase of the input signal Vin according to a phase calibration signal Vcal—1 to generate a calibrated signal Vin—cal to the signal processing module 202. Then, the signal processing module group 202 receives the calibrated signal Vin—cal and generates a processed signal VP1. Then, the phase calibration module 212 receives the processed signal VP1 and calibrates the processed signal VP1 according to a phase calibration signal Vcal—2 to generate a calibrated signal VP1—cal to the signal processing module 204. The signal processing module 204 receives the calibrated signal VP1—cal and generates a feedback reference signal Vfb—ref. After that, the phase detection module 220 generates a phase error signal Vphase—err according to the feedback reference signal Vfb—ref, and then, the filter module 230 generates two phase calibration signals Vcal—1 and Vcal—2 according to the phase error signal Vphase—err, and transmits the phase calibration signal Vcal—1 and Vcal—2 to the phase calibration modules 210 and 212, respectively. It is noted that the signal processing module 204 is an optional device in the application, in that the phase detection module 220 can obtain the phase error signal Vphase—err directly according to the calibrated signal Vpi—cal, and the signal processing module 204 can be removed. It is noted that in this embodiment, the output of the signal processing module 204 serves as the feedback reference signal Vfb—ref, and the phase detection module 220 then generates the phase error signal Vphase—err according to the feedback reference signal Vfb—ref. However, in other embodiments of the present invention, the calibrated signal VP1—cal outputted from the phase calibration module 212 can also serve as the feedback reference signal Vfb—ref, that is, the phase detection module 220 can generate the phase error signal Vphase—err according to the calibrated signal VP1—cal. In addition, the phase calibration signals Vcal—1 and Vcal—2 correspond to different frequency bands of the phase error signal Vphase—err, respectively. In this embodiment, the phase calibration signal Vcal—1 corresponds to a lower frequency band of the phase error signal Vphase—err, and the phase calibration signal Vcal—2 corresponds to a higher frequency band of the phase error signal Vphase—err. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the phase calibration signals corresponding to different frequency bands of the phase error signal. In practice, the filter module 230 of the phase calibration circuit 200 includes a filter, a phase accumulator and other related circuits. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the filter module according to one embodiment of the filter module 230 shown in FIG. 1. It is noted that, there are many implementations of the filter module 230, and the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is for exemplary purposes only. As shown in FIG. 3, the filter module 230 includes a filter 410, adder 420 and 432, multipliers 424 and 430, and delay units 422 and 434, where coefficients (multiplier factors) of the multipliers 424 and 430 are a1 and (1-a1), respectively. In this embodiment, a1 is set as a value far less than one, in the following descriptions, a1 is set as 0.001. In the operations of the filter module 230, if the phase error signal Vphase—err varies slowly (i.e., a value of the phase error signal Vphase—err is almost constant, and its frequency is much lower), because the coefficient of the multiplier 424 is (1−0.001)=0.999, the signal will approach to zero after undergoing the operations of the loop of the multiplier 424, the adder 420 and the delay unit 422 many times. That is, after a period of time, the phase calibration signal Vcal—2 will approach to zero. At the same time, the phase calibration signal Vcal—1 will gradually increase to a required calibration value by phase accumulation operations of the multiplier 430, the adder 432 and the delay unit 434. On the contrary, if the phase error signal Vphase—err varies rapidly (i.e., the frequency of the phase error signal Vphase—err is greater), the phase calibration signal Vcal—1 will approach to zero, and the phase calibration signal Vcal—2 will immediately show a required calibration value. It is noted that, in the other embodiment of the present invention, the phase calibration circuit 200 can include Mth phase calibration modules (M>2), and the filter module can generate Mth phase calibration signals according to the phase error signal, and then transmit the Mth phase calibration signals to the Mth phase calibration modules, respectively. Please refer to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a phase calibration circuit 500 applied to two signal processing module groups 502 and 504 according to another embodiment of the present invention, where each signal processing module group includes at least one signal processing module. The phase calibration circuit 500 includes two phase calibration modules 510 and 512, a phase detection module 520 and a filter module 530, where the filter module 530 includes two filters 532 and 534. In the phase calibration module 500, the filters 532 and 534 receive the phase error signal Vphase—err, and generate the phase calibration signals Vcal—2 and Vcal—1, respectively, where the parameters of the filters 532 and 534 are designed to make the phase
|
['H04L2700' 'H03L700' 'H04B116']
|
detailed_description
|
12,199,637
|
[summary] This section provides a general summary of the disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of its features. Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a relay system and a method for bandwidth allocation and scheduling, for processing a bandwidth request and bandwidth allocation and scheduling in the relay system. An embodiment provides a method for bandwidth allocation and scheduling for a relay system, including: adding, into a control packet of a downlink subframe of a physical layer frame structure for a base station, a new information element specifying locations and profiles of respective bursts in connections corresponding to a subscriber station/mobile subscriber station, the connection being relayed by a relay station; receiving, by the base station, a bandwidth request initiated by the subscriber station/mobile subscriber station and relayed by the relay station; and generating, by the base station, a control packet having the new information element, transmitting the control packet to the subscriber station/mobile subscriber station, and performing bandwidth allocation and scheduling in accordance with the bandwidth request. Another embodiment provides a relay system including a base station and a relay station: the base station includes a bandwidth allocation unit and a base station scheduling management unit; the bandwidth allocation unit, in accordance with a received bandwidth request transmitted from a subscriber station/mobile subscriber station, allocates an uplink bandwidth and a downlink bandwidth of the base station, and an uplink bandwidth and a downlink bandwidth of a relay station, generates a control packet including a new information element, and transmits the control packet to the subscriber station/mobile subscriber station and the relay station; the base station scheduling management unit schedules the uplink bandwidth and the downlink bandwidth of the base station; the relay station includes a bandwidth request relay unit and a relay station scheduling management unit; the bandwidth request relay unit is adapted to relay the bandwidth request initiated by a bandwidth request element of the subscriber station/mobile subscriber station to the base station; and the relay station scheduling management unit schedules the uplink bandwidth and the downlink bandwidth of the relay station in accordance with the new information element in received control packet of a downlink frame of a physical layer frame structure of the base station. There are added, in the control packets of the downlink subframe of the physical layer frame structure of the base station, the new information elements specifying the locations and profiles of respective bursts for the connection corresponding to the subscriber station/mobile subscriber station, relayed by the relay station, and the base station generates the control packets including the new information elements in accordance with the bandwidth request initiated by the subscriber station/mobile subscriber station and relayed by the relay system, and transmits the control packets to the subscriber station/mobile subscriber station, thereby performing the bandwidth allocation and scheduling. In this way, the processing method for bandwidth request, bandwidth allocation and service scheduling in the relay system can be implemented. The embodiments can realize the multi-hop relay through relaying the bandwidth request, thus reducing the complexity of the BWA relay network and the complexity of the RS. Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. The description and specific examples in this summary are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
|
['H04B714']
|
summary
|
11,539,515
|
Systems and Methods for Isolating On-Screen Textual Data [SEP] [abstract] The systems and methods of the client agent describe herein provides a solution to obtaining, recognizing and taking an action on text displayed by an application that is performed in a non-intrusive and application agnostic manner. In response to detecting idle activity of a cursor on the screen, the client agent captures a portion of the screen relative to the position of the cursor. The portion of the screen may include a textual element having text, such as a telephone number or other contact information. The client agent calculates a desired or predetermined scanning area based on the default fonts and screen resolution as well as the cursor position. The client agent performs optical character recognition on the captured image to determine any recognized text. By performing pattern matching on the recognized text, the client agent determines if the text has a format or content matching a desired pattern, such as phone number. In response to determining the recognized text corresponds to a desired pattern, the client agent displays a user interface element on the screen near the recognized text. The user interface element may be displayed as an overlay or superimposed to the textual element such that it seamlessly appears integrated with the application. The user interface element is selectable to take an action associated with the recognized text.
|
['G06F3048']
|
abstract
|
11,237,203
|
Systems and methods for position based services in a mobile device [SEP] [abstract] A method of constructing a position sensitive screensaver on a mobile device comprises acquiring a position for the mobile device, reporting the position, receiving information for selected information categories based on the reported position, and displaying the received information on the mobile device, when the mobile device is idle. The subscriber can preferably control where and how the information is displayed so that the user has relevant information based on where the subscriber is located.
|
['G01S100' 'H04Q720' 'G08B108']
|
abstract
|
11,357,738
|
[claim] 1. A thermoelectric material according to the formula RxBiy(1-b)Te(100-x-y)(1-a)Sea(100-x-y)Sbyb, wherein R is selected from a group of rare earth elements including Y, and x, y, a, and b satisfy the expressions 0.05≦x<20, 20≦y≦75, 0≦a≦0.5, and 0≦b≦0.8. 2. The thermoelectric material of claim 1, where a main phase of the thermoelectric material has a rhombohedral crystal structure. 3. The thermoelectric material of claim 2, wherein R includes at least one element selected from a group consisting of Ce, Sm, and Yb. 4. The thermoelectric material of claim 2, according to the formula RxBiy(1-b)Te(100-x-y)(1-a)Sea(100-x-y)Sbyb, wherein a =0 and b =0. 5. The thermoelectric material of claim 2, wherein a=0. 6. The thermoelectric material of claim 2, wherein b=0. 7. The thermoelectric material of claim 2 wherein an average crystal grain size is greater than about 1 μm. 8. The thermoelectric material of claim 3, wherein an average crystal grain size is greater than about 1 μm. 9. The thermoelectric material of claim 2, wherein at least one crystal phase has a strongest X-ray diffraction line having a width at half maximum of less than about 0.5°. 10. The thermoelectric material of claim 2, wherein an index of alignment A=I(222)/I(−110) is at least about 10, wherein I(222) and I(−110) are relative diffraction intensities with respect to associated baseline intensities for X-ray diffraction associated with indices (222) and (−110), respectively. 11. A thermoelectric film comprising the thermoelectric material of claim 2, where the film has a thickness between about 0.01 μm and 500 μm. 12. The thermoelectric film of claim 11, further comprising a resin substrate, and the thermoelectric film is situated on the resin substrate. 13. A method for producing a thermoelectric material, comprising: preparing a modulated composite that includes at least two repeat units, each repeat unit comprising at least two laminated reactant layers and containing Bi, Te, and R, wherein R is selected from a group consisting of rare earth elements, and a sum of the molar fractions of R, Bi and Te in each repeat unit is at least about 90% and each reactant layer has a thickness of less than about 20 nm; and exposing the modulated composite to temperatures in a range of about 50° C. to about 585° C. 14. The method for producing a thermoelectric material of claim 13, wherein the modulated composite is formed on a surface of a substrate and further comprising sintering the modulated composite by exposing the modulated composite to temperatures in the range of about 50° C. to about 585° C. 15. The method for producing a thermoelectric material of claim 13, wherein the modulated composite is formed on a surface of a substrate and further comprising: separating the modulated composite from the substrate; and sintering the separated modulated composite by exposing the modulated composite to temperatures in the range of about 50° C. to about 585° C. 16. The method of claim 13, further comprising situating the modulated composite on a substrate. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising separating the thermoelectric material from the substrate. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the thermoelectric material is removed from the substrate with a solvent. 19. The method of claim 13, further comprising situating the modulated composite on a substrate and sintering the modulated composite by exposure to temperatures in a range of about 50° C. to about 585° C. 20. A method for producing a thermoelectric material according to a formula RxBiy(1-b)Te(100-x-y)(1-a)Sea(100-x-y)Sbyb, wherein R is selected from a group of rare earth elements including Y, and x, y, a, and b satisfy the expressions 0.05≦x<20, 20≦y<75, 0≦a≦0.5, and 0≦b≦0.8, the method comprising: mechanically alloying a powder having a total content of R, Bi, Te, Se, and Sb of at least 90% by mole; and exposing the alloyed powder to temperatures between about 50° C. and 585° C. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the powder includes separate constituent powders for R and Te, respectively. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the constituent powder for Te is selected from the group consisting of Te powder, Te—Bi powder, Te—Se powder, Te—Sb powder, Te—Sb—Se powder, Te—Bi—Sb powder, Te—Bi—Se powder, and the constituent powder for R is selected from the group consisting of Yb powder, Yb—Bi powder, Yb—Sb powder, Yb—Bi—Sb powder, Ce—Bi powder, Ce—Sb powder, Ce—Bi—Sb powder, Sm powder, Sm—Bi powder, Sm—Sb powder, Sm—Yb powder, and Sm—Bi—Sb powder. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the powder includes a Bi powder,a Bi—Sb powder, or a Bi—Se powder constituent. 24. The method of claim 20, further comprising sintering the alloyed powder by exposure to the temperatures between about 50° C. and 585° C. 25. The method of claim 20, wherein a=0. 26. The method of claim 20, wherein b=0.
|
['H01B112']
|
claim
|
12,187,225
|
[summary] The present invention is an improvement over the prior art carpet binding tapes. It consists of a welted carpet binding tape having a glue-filled stitched matrix surface for adhesion to the carpet edge.
|
['B32B710']
|
summary
|
11,844,109
|
[summary] The present invention achieves technical advantages as a system, apparatus, structure and method by enabling a reversibly programmable fuse structure. It is an object of the present invention to provide a reprogrammable (reversibly programmable) fuse structure, utilizing a phase change material, with associated control circuitry to change the state of the fuse cell from the higher resistivity state to the lower resistivity state or from the lower resistivity state to the higher resistivity state; and appropriate sense-circuitry similarly integrated to read the information stored in the fuses, where said sense circuitry is used to enable or disable circuitry. The fuse cell is comprised of phase change material in a line configuration which includes a cathode and an anode coupled by a fuse link having an electrically more conductive phase and an electrically less conductive phase, coupled to a power supply. A current is passed through the conductive fuse link via the cathode and anode in which the current and material resistivity are sufficient to heat the fuse link and induce phase transformation changing the conductivity of the system. The fuse, which is initially in a more conductive state, can be heated above the melting point of the phase change material in the fuse link to convert the fuse link to a less conductive state. The fuse can then be converted back to a more conductive state by passing sufficient current through the fuse link to induce crystallization of the material making up the fuse link. This reprogrammable fuse structure provides advantage over the prior-art reprogrammable chalcogenide fuse structure in several aspects. The proposed structure enables lower applied currents and voltages required to change the state of the fuse through utilization of direct heating and minimization of the cross-sectional area of the fuse. In addition, the proposed structure and method of the preferred embodiment minimizes additional processing steps and allows easy implementation in a Copper plus low k dielectric back end of the line (BEOL) interconnect structure. The method of the preferred embodiment uses only existing dual damascene BEOL processes and adds only one additional mask step to define the fuse cell. Modeling of indirect heating vs. direct heating indicates that indirect heating is not feasible for the majority if not all phase change fuse cells at current or future manufacturable dimensions. Phase change materials that have the desired resistivities and thermal stabilities to function in a fuse cell have very low thermal conductivities which prevent the necessary heat transfer from an external heating element such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,448,576 B1. Modeling of an ideal structure with a very small fuse line cell (thickness of less than 30 nm width of about 80 nm, with the resistive heating surrounding 3 sides of the cell) predicts that very high temperatures (about 2000° C.) would be required within the resistive heater in order to convert a standard Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 chalcogenide material from the low resistivity (crystalline) state to the high resistivity (amorphous) state. Thicker fuse line cells, such as that proposed in the prior art (500 nm in thickness) would not be possible to convert through an external resistive heater. Based on the ideal small fuse cell dimensions and materials used in the modeling of heating through a resistive heater; high currents greater than 15 mA would be required to generate these high temperatures. Similar modeling of the inventive fuse cell indicates that significantly lower currents (<3 mA) would be required to change the phase of the material, and much more reasonable temperatures (maximum temperature <1000° C.) are generated in the structure. The temperature is also well isolated within the fuse cell preventing surrounding structures from being exposed to very high temperatures. It is an object of this invention to provide a reprogrammable fuse structure within a low-k dielectric plus Cu interconnect structure of a single or dual damascene type. It is another object of this invention to provide a reprogrammable fuse structure within a fuse bank, where the reprogrammable fuses are located in a low k dielectric plus Cu interconnect structure of a single or dual damascene type. It is still another object of this invention to provide a reprogrammable fuse structure requiring significantly lower programming currents compared with the prior art fuses. It is yet another object of this invention to provide a method of making the present inventive structure.
|
['H01L2710' 'H01L2144']
|
summary
|
12,265,901
|
Silicone Elastomer Exfoliating Compositions [SEP] [abstract] Compositions of the present invention comprise from about 40-99% of an aqueous suspension of silicone elastomer powder in a cosmetically acceptable vehicle. The compositions are useful as skin exfoliants when mechanical agitation is supplied, for example by rubbing with a hand. After exfoliation, little or no film or residue remains on the skin and washing the treated area is optional. The cosmetically acceptable vehicle may comprise a wide range of beneficial ingredients, cosmetic or dermatological actives and additives. The present invention also encompasses a method of exfoliating skin in need of such treatment.
|
['A61K3174' 'A61P1700']
|
abstract
|
12,214,531
|
[invention] One concept for increasing the capacity of optical storage media is to use holographic data storage. In this case the surface or the whole volume of the holographic storage medium is used for storing information, not just a few layers as for conventional optical storage media. Furthermore data can be stored as data pages. Typically a data page consists of a matrix of light-dark-patterns, which code multiple bits. This allows to achieve increased data rates in addition to the increased storage density. One further advantage of holographic data storage is the possibility to store multiple data in the same volume, e.g. by changing the angle between the two beams or by using shift multiplexing, etc. In holographic data storage digital data are stored by recording the interference pattern produced by the superposition of two coherent laser beams, where one beam, the so-called ‘object beam’, is modulated by a spatial light modulator and carries the information to be recorded in the form of the data pages. The second beam serves as a reference beam. The interference pattern leads to modifications of specific properties of the storage material, which depend on the local intensity of the interference pattern. Reading of a recorded hologram is performed by illuminating the hologram with the reference beam using the same conditions as during recording. This results in the reconstruction of the recorded object beam. The performance of a holographic data storage system can be improved by implementing a phase mask in the optical setup. Such a phase mask introduces random or pseudo random phase shifts to the reference beam and/or the object beam, which results in a better shift selectivity of the system. In addition, high beam intensities inside the holographic storage medium are avoided as the focus diameter of a focused beam is expanded. This technique is known as correlation multiplexing or speckle multiplexing. One disadvantage of this method is that a phase mask with exactly the same pattern must be implemented in all compatible holographic data storage systems to enable readout of a holographic storage medium which was written with another system. The reason is a general aspect of holography: The reference beam for readout (also called probe beam) must have the same properties as the reference beam used during writing. This includes the phase distribution of the reference beam. To circumvent the above disadvantage, a hologram multiplexing method with a speckled reference beam generated by the photorefractive beam-fanning effect has been proposed by M. Bunsen et al.: “Hologram multiplexing method with photorefractive beam-fanning speckle”, Advanced Optical and Quantum Memories and Computing, Proc. of the SPIE, Vol. 5362 (2004), pp. 128-135. In this method, a bulk photorefractive crystal takes the role of generating various speckle fields as well as storing holograms. The speckle field of a reference beam used for holographic recording is generated by the photorefractive beam-fanning effect in the storage crystal itself. A special alignment of the crystal axes relative to the reference beam and the object beam is needed to ensure generation of speckle fields for the reference beam while avoiding a excessively large beam-fanning effect of the object beam.
|
['G11B700']
|
background
|
11,066,089
|
[description] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a frame of a floppy disk drive according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an upper cover of the floppy disk drive according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a lower cover of the floppy disk drive according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view which shows a state that the lower cover is assembled with the frame. FIG. 5 is a side view of the floppy disk drive according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view taken along a line A-A in FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view taken along a line B-B in FIG. 5. FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of a lattice-shaped connecting portion C shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional floppy disk drive. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the conventional floppy disk drive from which an upper cover has been removed. FIG. 11 is a side view of the conventional floppy disk drive. FIG. 12 is a cross sectional view which shows the mutual relations among a frame, an upper cover and a lower cover of the conventional floppy disk drive.
|
['G11B5016']
|
detailed_description
|
12,533,094
|
[invention] Bath showers and tubs have many features. Some baths and showers include seats and benches. Some seats are fixed to the interior of tubs and showers. Other seats are arranged on slides to allow a user to, in essence, ride the seat from the exterior of a tub to the interior of the tub and back. Showers typically have a threshold over which a user must step to enter into a shower. The threshold typically serves to keep water from escaping from the shower. Some bath and shower fixtures attach grab bars thereto to provide hand holds for users. Both shower and shower/bath fixtures use doors, typically glass, and curtains, typically plastic, to keep water from escaping from the shower enclosure during use. Some bath and shower units provide shelves for storage of bath materials such as soap, shampoo, toys and the like.
|
['A47K300']
|
background
|
11,231,916
|
Method and apparatus for providing information [SEP] [abstract] A method and apparatus for providing information to a portable wireless device. The method comprises the steps of: arranging apparatus including a storage device, a transmitter and an antenna to define a zone of coverage; storing information in the storage device; detecting a portable wireless device within the defined zone; requesting the portable wireless device for permission to send information; if consent is received from the portable wireless device, sending the information stored in the storage device to the portable wireless device, and if consent is not received from the portable wireless device, not sending said stored information.
|
['H04Q720']
|
abstract
|
11,304,049
|
Nanowire based plasmonics [SEP] [abstract] Nanoscaled, tunable detector devices for ultrasensitive detection of terahertz (THz) radiation based on the fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) plasma devices having clouds of strongly correlated and spatially confined electronic charge carriers are disclosed. These one-dimensional collective excitations (“plasmons”) are realized using coaxial semiconducting core-shell nanowires or by electrostatically confining a two dimensional charge to one dimension. By exploiting the properties of plasmons confined to reduced dimensions and under a selected device configuration, conventional limitations on carrier drift and transit times that dictate the speed and sensitivity of transistors can be circumvented, and detector sensitivity can be improved. 1D devices with sub-picosecond response times will be important for a range of applications in diverse areas such as remote sensing and imaging, molecular spectroscopy, biotechnology, and in a range of the spectrum that has been difficult to detect. In addition to electromagnetic radiation these devices can be used as detectors of charged particle perturbations.
|
['G01T100']
|
abstract
|
11,719,231
|
[claim] 1) A method of crystallization and solid state polymerization of polymer pellets which comprises: a) coating amorphous polymer pellets with particles having an average size of less than about 2 microns to a loading of less than about 250 ppm by weight; and b) heating the coated pellets to a temperature effective to crystallize at least a portion of the surface of the coated pellets: and c) subjecting said crystallized coated polymer pellets to a solid state polymerization process to increase the molecular weight. 2) The method of claim 1, wherein said polymer is polyester, polycarbonate, or polyamide. 3) The method of claim 1, wherein said coating particles can be inorganic or organic. 4) The method of claim 3, wherein said inorganic particles include minerals such as talc, kaolin, gypsum; inorganic oxides including the oxides and carbonates of silicon, aluminum, titanium, calcium, iron and magnesium; and fumed silica. 5) The method of claim 3, wherein said organic particles include alkylene carbonates, such as ethylene or propylene carbonates, terephthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, succinic anhydride, as well as particles of crystallized polymers, and carbon pigment compounds such as graphite and carbon blacks. 6) The method of claim 1, wherein said coating the pellets with the particles can be applied by dry blending with the pellets; by placing the pellets in an aqueous solution of the particles, and then removing the water; or by spraying the pellets with the particles either in the semi-solid state during extrusion or pastillation, or when they have been quenched. 7) The method of claim 1, wherein said particles have a loading of less than about 150 ppm. 8) Coated pellets comprising: polymer pellets having a surface said surface being coated with particles having an average size of less than about 2 microns to a loading of less than about 250 ppm by weight, wherein said pellets are polyester, polycarbonate, or polyamide pellets. 9) (canceled) 10) The coated pellets of claim 8, wherein said particles can be inorganic or organic. 11) The coated pellets of claim 10, wherein said inorganic particles include minerals such as talc, kaolin, gypsum; inorganic oxides including the oxides and carbonates of silicon, aluminum, titanium, calcium, iron and magnesium; and fumed silica. 12) The coated pellets of claim 10, wherein said organic particles include alkylene carbonates, such as ethylene or propylene carbonates, terephthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, succinic anhydride, as well as particles of crystallized polymers, and carbon pigment compounds such as graphite and carbon black. 13) The coated pellets of claim 8, wherein said particles have a loading of less than about 150 ppm. 14) The coated pellets of claim 8, wherein said pellets are amorphous. 15) The coated pellets of claim 8, wherein said surface of said pellets is at least partially crystalline. 16) An injection stretch blow molded container made from the coated pellets of claim 8. 17) A preform for making an injection stretch blow molded container, said preform made from the coated pellets of claim 8. 18) Fumed silica coated polymer pellets, comprising polymer pellets each having a surface coated with fumed silica particles having an average size of less than about 2 microns to a loading of less than about 150 ppm by weight, wherein said polymer is polyester or copolyester. 19) (canceled)
|
['B05D702' 'B32B516' 'B32B2706']
|
claim
|
11,139,349
|
[claim] 1. A chemical vapor deposition system for processing flat panel display substrates, comprising: a chemical vapor deposition chamber comprising: a chamber body; a substrate support; and a gas distribution assembly; wherein the chamber body defines a first inlet configured to provide reactive species from a remote plasma source into a processing region of the chemical vapor deposition chamber via the gas distribution assembly, and the chamber body defines one or more inlets configured to provide reactive species from the same or a different remote plasma source into the processing region of the chemical vapor deposition chamber while bypassing the gas distribution assembly. 2. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 1, wherein the second inlet is in a sidewall of the chamber body between the gas distribution assembly and the substrate support. 3. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 1, wherein the first inlet is in a lid region of the chamber body. 4. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 3, wherein the second inlet is in a sidewall of the chamber body below the gas distribution assembly. 5. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 1, wherein the chamber body defines more than one inlet configured to provide reactive species from the same or a different remote plasma source into the processing region of the chemical vapor deposition chamber while bypassing the gas distribution assembly. 6. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 1, wherein the chamber body defines two inlets configured to provide reactive species from the same or a different remote plasma source into the processing region of the chemical vapor deposition chamber while bypassing the gas distribution assembly, and the two inlets are located on opposite sides of the chemical vapor deposition chamber. 7. A chemical vapor deposition system for processing flat panel display substrates, comprising: a first remote plasma source; and a chemical vapor deposition chamber connected to the remote plasma source, the chemical vapor deposition chamber comprising: a chamber body; a substrate support; and a gas distribution assembly; wherein the chamber body defines a first inlet configured to provide reactive species from the first remote plasma source into a processing region of the chemical vapor deposition chamber via the gas distribution assembly, and the chamber body defines a second inlet configured to provide reactive species from the same or a different remote plasma source into the processing region of the chemical vapor deposition chamber while bypassing the gas distribution assembly. 8. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 7, further comprising a flow restrictor adapted to provide a pressure differential between the first remote plasma source and the chemical vapor deposition chamber. 9. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 7, further comprising a second remote plasma source connected to the chemical vapor deposition chamber, and wherein the second inlet is configured to provide reactive species from the second remote plasma source into the processing region of the chemical vapor deposition chamber while bypassing the gas distribution assembly. 10. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 7, wherein the second inlet is configured to provide reactive species from the first remote plasma source into the processing region of the chemical vapor deposition chamber while bypassing the gas distribution assembly. 11. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 7, further comprising a diverter in a gas line from the first remote plasma source to the chamber body, wherein the diverter is configured to provide a portion of the reactive species generated by the first remote plasma source to the first inlet and to provide a portion of the reactive species generated by the first remote plasma source to the second inlet. 12. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 7, wherein the chamber body further defines a third inlet configured to provide reactive species from the same or a different remote plasma source into the processing region of the chemical vapor deposition chamber while bypassing the gas distribution assembly, wherein the second and third inlets are located on opposite sides of the chemical vapor deposition chamber. 13. A chemical vapor deposition system for processing flat panel display substrates, comprising: a first remote plasma source; a second remote plasma source; a first chemical vapor deposition chamber connected to the first remote plasma source and the second remote plasma source, the first chemical vapor deposition chamber comprising: a first chamber body; a first substrate support; and a first gas distribution assembly; wherein the first chamber body defines a first inlet configured to provide reactive species from the first remote plasma source into a processing region of the first chemical vapor deposition chamber via the first gas distribution assembly, and the first chamber body defines a second inlet configured to provide reactive species from the second remote plasma source into the processing region of the first chemical vapor deposition chamber while bypassing the first gas distribution assembly; and a second chemical vapor deposition chamber connected to the first remote plasma source and the second remote plasma source, the second chemical vapor deposition chamber comprising: a second chamber body; a second substrate support; and a second gas distribution assembly; wherein the second chamber body defines a first inlet configured to provide reactive species from the first remote plasma source into a processing region of the second chemical vapor deposition chamber via the second gas distribution assembly; and the second chamber body defines a second inlet configured to provide reactive species from the second remote plasma source into the processing region of the second chemical vapor deposition chamber while bypassing the second gas distribution assembly. 14. The chemical vapor deposition system of claim 13, wherein the second inlet in the first chamber body is in a sidewall of the first chamber body between the first gas distribution assembly and the first substrate support, and the second inlet in the second chamber body is in a sidewall of the second chamber body between the second gas distribution assembly and the second substrate support. 15. The chemical vapor deposition system
|
['C23C1600' 'B08B600']
|
claim
|
11,829,175
|
Support for Hoses and Welding Cable [SEP] [abstract] A device for supporting a long and heavy hose, such as a fire or gardening hose, or a welding cable that is held by hand for long periods of time is disclosed. The support device holds the hose or cable around the user's waist such that it can be easily maneuvered as required, and significantly reduces the stress load applied to the user's hand, wrist or arm. The device is a sling that is worn diagonally across the user's body comprising a strap attached to a shoulder pad. The device wraps onto the hose or cable by means of a “cow hitch” knot allowing easy adjustment and positioning of the cable or hose to perform its function. In a second embodiment of the present invention, the device is adapted for supporting compression-sensitive hoses.
|
['A41F1500']
|
abstract
|
11,475,547
|
[description] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing preferred embodiments thereof It should, however, be understood that the illustrated embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of understanding the invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. Overall Configuration of Electronic Musical Apparatus FIG. 1 shows a block diagram illustrating the overall hardware configuration of an electronic musical apparatus connected with a musical interaction assisting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic musical apparatus EM may be a keyboard type electronic musical instrument or a personal computer (PC) equipped with a music-playing device and a tone generating device to make a musical data processing apparatus having a similar function as an electronic musical instrument. The electronic musical apparatus EM comprises a central processing unit (CPU) 1, a random access memory (RAM) 2, a read-only memory (ROM) 3, an external storage device 4, a play detection circuit 5, a controls detection circuit 6, a display circuit 7, a tone generator circuit 8, an effect circuit 9, a communication interface 10 and a
|
['G10H700']
|
detailed_description
|
12,315,569
|
Thermodynamic closed loop desiccant rotor system and process [SEP] [abstract] A thermodynamic closed loop desiccant rotor system and process utilizes at least one closed recirculation loop that provides interchangeable energy directly to the desiccant material and various rotor isolated zoning configurations in combination with various arrangements of energy exchange devices and refrigeration components to maximize the interchangeable and recovered energy capability and capacity through both closed thermodynamic cycles and open cycle processes for significantly improved efficiency and energy conservation. The present desiccant rotor system may be utilized in an air conditioning system for dehumidification, humidification, moisture removal, and capture of moisture, and in other applications to remove unwanted gases.
|
['F25D1706']
|
abstract
|
12,493,758
|
[invention] 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to electronic device chip scale packages, and more particularly to isolation structures for CMOS image sensor chip scale packages (CIS-CSPs) and fabrication methods thereof. 2. Description of the Related Art CMOS image sensor devices are used in a wide variety of applications, such as digital still cameras (DSC). These devices utilize an array of active pixels or image sensor cells, comprising photodiode elements, to receive electromagnetic radiation to convert images to streams of digital data. Chip scale packages (CSPs) are designed for flip chip bonding to a supporting substrate, such as a package substrate, a module substrate or a printed circuit board (PCB). With flip chip bonding, bumps, pins or other terminal contacts on the package, are bonded to mating contacts on the supporting substrate. The bonded terminal contacts provide the physical and electrical connections between the package and the supporting substrate. US Pat. No. 6,917,090, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, discloses a chip scale image sensor semiconductor package, a method for fabricating the package, and systems incorporating the package. Forming bonded connections between the substrate bonding contact and the die bonding contacts by wire bonds or tape leads is however, tedious. To solve the bonded connection problem, a shellcase semiconductor device chip scale package technique has been developed. U.S. Pub. No. 2001/0018236, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, discloses a semiconductor chip scale package technique. T-shaped connections between the substrate bonding contact and the die bonding contacts are provided. The T-shaped connections are protected by a passivation layer. After a wafer assembly is singulated by dicing it into a plurality of separate integrated circuit device packages, the T-shaped connection end, however, is exposed, resulting in weak spots vulnerable to corrosion and peeling. Thus, the integrated circuit device packages fail to pass reliability tests such as the high temperature/high humidity test. FIGS. 1A-1B are cross sections illustrating conventional fabrication steps of dicing a chip scale package wafer assembly. Referring to FIG. 1A , a transparent substrate 10 configured as a support structure for a chip scale package comprises a CMOS image sensor die 20 with a die circuitry attached thereon. The CMOS image sensor die 20 comprises a sensor area with a micro-lens array 22 configured as an image plane. A passivation layer 24 is disposed on the micro-lens array 22 . A spacer 15 , defines cavity 18 , between the substrate 10 and the CMOS image sensor die 20 . An encapsulant 30 is formed on the substrate encapsulating the CMOS image sensor die 20 . An optional structure 35 , such as glass, is disposed on the encapsulant 30 to strengthen the package. A T-shaped connection 40 extending from the die circuitry to a plurality of terminal contacts 70 for the package. The T-shaped connection 140 connects the substrate bonding contact (not shown) to the die bonding contacts 25 . A buffer layer 50 is disposed on the T-shaped connection 40 . The T-shaped connection 40 is protected by a passivation layer 60 . Referring to FIG. 1B , the resulting wafer scale assembly 1 is diced to yield a plurality of packaged integrated circuit devices 1 A and 1 B. One end of T-shaped connection is exposed resulting in weak spots vulnerable to corrosion and peeling. The exposed T-shaped connections encounter problems of corrosion and peeling due to moisture penetration. Thus, the integrated circuit device packages fail to pass reliability tests such as the high temperature/high humidity test. An isolation capable of preventing exposed connections from moisture penetration damage, has long been sought.
|
['H01L2100' 'H01L2178' 'H01L3102' 'H01L21762']
|
background
|
11,045,493
|
[summary] With the increase in operation speed of the DA converter, however, a pattern generator which can accommodate the increase in operation speed becomes necessary, and at the same time, a cable and probe become necessary which can supply as inputs to the DA converter a high-speed test pattern and a high-speed clock, which are output from the pattern generator, without degradation in waveform and with a sufficient input level. When such pattern generator, cable and probe are not employed, a sufficient operation test cannot be performed on the DA converter that operates at high-speed. On the other hand, when the operation test for the DA converter is performed with a pattern generator that accommodates the high-speed operation, a cable and probe that transmit the high-speed digital data without degradation in waveform quality, the device scale becomes large, and the wiring for the operation test become time consuming, and costly. In addition, since the operation test of the DA converter is generally performed through the observation of output analog waveform with an oscilloscope or the like, the loyalty of output of analog output waveform with digital input cannot be tested with high accuracy. In particular, when the DA converter operates at high-speed, a highly accurate test is difficult because of the limitation in accuracy of the observation device itself, such as an oscilloscope. An object of the present invention is to at least solve the problems as described above. According to one aspect of the present invention, a test method for a DA converter includes inputting cyclic pattern data which has a symmetrical waveform when output from a DA converter into the DA converter, that converts predetermined digital data into analog data, and observing an even-numbered high harmonic component with respect to a fundamental frequency of the cyclic pattern data. According to another aspect of the present invention, a test method for a DA converter includes inputting a cyclic pattern data which has a symmetrical waveform when output from the DA converter instead of a predetermined digital data into the DA converter, that converts the predetermined digital data into analog data, and observing an even-numbered high harmonic component with respect to a fundamental frequency of the cyclic pattern data. According to another aspect of the present invention, in a test apparatus for a DA converter, a cyclic pattern data which has a symmetrical output waveform when output from a DA converter that converts predetermined digital data into analog data is generated and supplied to the DA converter. According to another aspect of the present invention, a test apparatus for a DA converter includes: a pattern generator that generates a test pattern according to an input of a test signal; and a selector that switches an output to a DA converter side that converts received predetermined digital data into analog data to an output of the test pattern to the DA converter side according to the input of the test signal.
|
['G01R2300']
|
summary
|
11,819,070
|
[summary] Example embodiments may provide a delay locked loop which is insensitive to distortion of the input clock signal and/or generates a plurality of delay clock signals more stably and exactly. Example embodiments may provide a semiconductor memory device including a delay locked loop which is insensitive to distortion of the input clock signal/or and generates a plurality of delay clock signals more stably and exactly. Example embodiments may provide a method for generating a plurality of delay clock signals more stably and exactly. According to an example embodiment, a delay locked loop may include a period locked loop portion including a delay. The delay may include an even number of delay cells dependently connected in the form of a ring configured to generate an even number of delay clock signals. According to an example embodiment, transition of at least one delay clock signal of the even number of delay clock signals may be configured to be controlled in response to an activated one first selecting signal of an even number of first selecting signals. Transition of the remaining clock signals may be configured to occur in response to the at least one delay clock signal. According to an example embodiment, the period locked loop portion may further include a period portion controller. The period portion controller may be configured to compare a phase of an input clock signal and a phase of one delay clock signal of the even number of delay clock signals to generate period portion up and down signals, configured to detect at least one of a rising edge and a falling edge of the input clock signal to generate a pulse signal, and/or configured to vary a first control signal in response to the period portion up and down signals. A delay time of the even number of delay cells may be varied to generate the even number of delay clock signals in response to the first control signal. The even number of delay clock signals may have a same period as a period of the input clock signal. According to an example embodiment, the period portion controller may include a period portion phase difference detector, a first control signal generator, and/or a pulse generator. The period portion phase difference detector may be configured to compare the phase of the input clock signal and the phase of the one delay clock signal, configured to generate the period portion up signal if the phase of the input clock signal is in advance of the phase of the one delay clock signal, and/or configured to generate the period portion down signal if the phase of the one delay clock signal is in advance of the phase of the input clock signal. The first control signal generator may be configured to increase the first control signal in response to the period portion up signal and/or configured to decrease the first control signal in response to the period portion down signal. The pulse generator may be configured to detect at least one of the rising edge or the falling edge of the input clock signal to generate the pulse signal. According to an example embodiment, the delay may further include a voltage variator, a first selector, and/or a delay circuit. The voltage variator may be configured to vary a level of a supply voltage in response to the first control signal. The first selector may be configured to select one second control signal of an even number of second control signals and one inverted second control signal among an even number of inverted second control signals in response to the even number of first selecting signals and the pulse signal. The delay circuit may include the even number of delay cells, each of the delay cells may include an inverter, and/or each inverter may include first and second pull-up transistors and first and second pull-down transistors connected between a supply voltage and a ground voltage. The even number of inverted second control signals may be applied to gates of the first pull-up transistors and/or the even number of second control signals may be applied to gates of the pull-down transistors. According to an example embodiment, the voltage variator may include a voltage divider, a second selector, and/or an amplifier. The voltage divider may include a plurality of resistors serially connected between a power supply voltage and the ground voltage configured to generate a plurality of divided voltages. The second selector may be configured to select and output one divided voltage of the plurality of divided voltages in response to the first control signal. The amplifier may be configured to generate the supply voltage by amplifying a difference between the one divided voltage output from the second selector and the supply voltage. According to an example embodiment, the delay locked loop may further include a delay locked loop portion. The delay locked loop portion may be configured to delay one output clock signal of an even number of output clock signals in a compensation delay time to generate a delayed output clock signal, configured to compare a phase of the input clock signal and a phase of the delayed output clock signal to generate delay portion up and down signals, configured to vary a selecting and weight control signal in response to the delay portion up and down signals, and/or configured to generate the even number of first selecting signals. The selecting and phase mixing portion may be configured to generate corresponding delay clock signals two by two from the even number of delay clock signals in response to the selecting and weight control signal and/or configured to mix phases of the selected two delay clock signals to generate the even number of output clock signals. According to an example embodiment, the delay portion controller may include a delay compensator, a delay portion phase difference detector, a selecting and weight signal generator, and/or a selecting signal generator. The delay compensator may be configured to delay the one output clock signal of
|
['H03L706' 'G11C700' 'H03H1126']
|
summary
|
11,872,736
|
[invention] Managing the operation and maintenance of a large vehicles fleet is a demanding task. Each and every vehicle, be it a car, truck, bulldozer or any mobile heavy machine has its own operation and maintenance schedule. The operation schedule is the sequence of required actions that has to be performed in order to comply with the requirements of a specific project. The maintenance schedule comprises, on the other hand, the routine actions that need to be performed in order to comply with the ongoing maintenance process of each and every vehicle. More often than not, problems related to operation and maintenance of vehicles are detected in a stage that is beyond prevention of the damage. For instance, some sensors may alert a user of a high temperature of the engine or lack of brake fluids, oils and the like. These alerts are brought to the attention of the user (the driver or the operation officer) when damage has already started to take place and are therefore non-preventing alerts. It would be advantageous to have a system that is able to detect the conditions that precede the situation where damage may be caused to the vehicle, as well as conditions that infer of a misuse of a vehicle.
|
['G01M1700' 'G06Q1000']
|
background
|
12,480,080
|
[claim] 1. A communication processing system comprising: an OFDM transmitter; and one or plural control stations configured to provide the same service area including a plurality of OFDM transmitters which are close or substantially the same in cell size, wherein the one or plural control stations transmit first data, second data, and time symbol information to all the OFDM transmitters included in the same service area, receive transmission power margins from the respective OFDM transmitters included in the same service area, determine a transmission power boost value on the basis of the received transmission power margins, and transmit the determined transmission power boost value to all the OFDM transmitters included in the same service area; and each of the OFDM transmitters included in the same service area receives the first data, the second data, and the time symbol information from the one or plural control stations, calculates a transmission power margin in a time symbol cased on the time symbol information from the control station, transmits the calculated transmission power margin to the control station, receives a transmission power boost value from the control station, multiplies a data channel signal corresponding to the first data by the received transmission power boost value, generates, in the time symbol based on the time symbol information, an OFDM signal in which a macro diversity signal corresponding to the first data and a non-macro diversity signal corresponding to the second data are frequency-division-multiplexed, and outputs the generated OFDM signal to an OFDM receiver. 2. One communication processing system according to claim 1, wherein the control station transmits, to an OFDM transmitter adjacent to the OFDM transmitters included in the same service area, the time symbol information and information related to a physical resource to be used for transmitting the first data. 3. An OFDM signal transmitting method of an OFDM transmitter included in a service area, the OFDM signal transmitting method comprising: a data channel signal generating step of generating a data channel signal including at least one of a first data channel signal and a second data channel signal by modulating a bit string obtained by channel coding; a pilot channel signal generating step of generating a pilot channel signal; an assigning step of assigning the pilot channel signal generated in the pilot channel signal generating step and the data channel signal generated in the data channel signal generating step to a pilot subcarrier and a data subcarrier, respectively; a scrambling step of multiplying the pilot channel signal and the first data channel signal assigned to the pilot subcarrier and the data subcarrier, respectively, by a predetermined scrambling code orthogonal or near-orthogonal among service areas and unique to each service area, and multiplying the second data channel signal assigned to the data subcarrier by a predetermined scrambling code orthogonal or near-orthogonal among OFDM transmitters and unique to each OFDM transmitter; a transmission power boost step of multiplying, if the first data channel signal is included in the data channel signal, the first data channel signal multiplied by the scrambling code in the scrambling step by a transmission power boost value notified in advance from one or more control stations which control OFDM transmitters included in the same service area to all the OFDM transmitters included in the same service area; an OFDM signal generating step of generating, in a time symbol based on time symbol information from one of the one or more control stations, an OFDM signal by OFDM-modulating the pilot channel signal and the second data channel signal multiplied by the scrambling codes in the scrambling step and the first data channel signal multiplied by the transmission power boost value in the transmission power boost step, the OFDM signal being a signal in which a macro diversity signal corresponding to the first data channel signal and a non-macro diversity signal corresponding to she second data channel signal are frequency-division-multiplexed; and a transmitting step of transmitting the OFDM signal generated in the OFDM signal generating step to an OFDM receiver via an antenna. 4. The OFDM signal transmitting method according to claim 3, wherein the first data channel signal is assigned to a subcarrier corresponding to a physical resource notified in advance from one of the one or more control stations which control the OFDM transmitters included in the same service area. 5. The OFDM signal transmitting method according to claim 4, wherein the physical resource is the same for all the OFDM transmitters included in the same service area. 6. The OFDM signal transmitting method according to claim 3, wherein the pilot channel signal used for channel estimation of the first data channel signal is the same as or different from the pilot channel signal used for channel estimation of the second data channel signal. 7. The OFDM signal transmitting method according to claim 3, wherein the first data channel signal is an MBS data channel signal and the second data channel signal is a unicast date channel signal. 8. The OFDM signal transmitting method according to claim 3, wherein the transmission power boost value is a coefficient relative to transmission power of the OFDM signal corresponding to the second data channel signal. 9. An OFDM transmitter included in a service area, the OFDM transmitter comprising: a data channel signal generating unit configured to generate a data channel signal including at least one of a first data channel signal and a second data channel signal by modulating a bit string obtained by channel coding; a pilot channel signal generating unit configured to generate a pilot channel signal; an assigning unit configured to assign the pilot channel signal generated by the pilot channel signal generating unit and the data channel signal generated by the data channel signal generating unit to a pilot subcarrier and a data subcarrier, respectively; a scrambling unit configured to multiply the pilot channel signal and the first data channel signal assigned to the pilot subcarrier and tire data subcarrier, respectively, by a predetermined scrambling code orthogonal or near-orthogonal among
|
['H04L2728']
|
claim
|
11,967,124
|
[description] Reference will now be made to the drawings to describe, in detail, embodiments of the present method for making the high-density carbon nanotube array. Referring to FIG. 1, a method for making a high-density carbon nanotube array 20 includes the steps of: (a) providing a substrate 10 having a carbon nanotube array 20 formed thereon; (b) providing an elastic film 30; (c) stretching the elastic film 30 uniformly, and covering the elastic film 30 on the carbon nanotube array 20; (d) applying a pressure uniformly on the elastic film 30 to make the carbon nanotube array 20 adhere to the elastic film 30, and shrinking the elastic film 30 and the carbon nanotube array 20 under pressure; and (e) separating the carbon nanotube array 20 from the elastic film 30 to acquire a high-density carbon nanotube array 40. In step (a), the carbon nanotube array 20 is a super-aligned array of carbon nanotubes, the super-aligned array of carbon nanotubes can be formed by the steps of: (a1) providing a substantially flat and smooth substrate 10; (a2) forming a catalyst layer on the substrate 10; (a3) annealing the substrate 10 with the catalyst layer thereon in air at a temperature in an approximate range from 700° C. to 900° C. for about 30 to 90 minutes; (a4) heating the substrate 10 with the catalyst layer thereon at a temperature in an approximate range from 500° C. to 740° C. in a furnace with a protective gas therein; and (a5) supplying a carbon source gas to the furnace for about 5 to 30 minutes and growing a super-aligned array of carbon nanotubes on the substrate. In step (a1), the substrate 10 can be a P-type silicon wafer, an N-type silicon wafer, or a silicon wafer with a film of silicon dioxide thereon. Preferably, a 4 inch P-type silicon wafer is used as the substrate 10. In step (a2), the catalyst can, advantageously, be made of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), or any alloy thereof. In step (a4), the protective gas can, beneficially, be made up of at least one of nitrogen (N2), ammonia (NH3), and a noble gas. In step (a5), the carbon source gas can be a hydrocarbon gas, such as ethylene (C2H4), methane (CH4), acetylene (C2H2), ethane (C2H6), or any combination thereof. The super-aligned array of carbon nanotubes can, opportunely, have a height of about 200 to 400 microns and includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes parallel to each other and approximately perpendicular to the substrate. The super-aligned array of carbon nanotubes formed under the above conditions is essentially free of impurities, such as carbonaceous or residual catalyst particles. The carbon nanotubes in the super-aligned array are closely packed together by the van der Waals attractive force. In step (b), the material of the elastic film 30 can be any elastic polymer, such as silicon rubber, butadiene rubber, natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and so on. In the present embodiment, the material of the elastic film 30 is silicon rubber. In step (c), the elastic film 30 can be the stretched along one direction or two directions. The elastic film 30 stretched along one direction means stretching the elastic film 30 along a direction of a length or a width of the elastic film 30. The elastic film 30 stretched along two directions means stretching the elastic film 30 along directions of a length and a width of the elastic film 30 at the same time. In the present embodiment, the elastic film 30 is stretched along directions of a length and a width of the elastic film 30 at the same time. After stretching, the stretched elastic film 30 is covered on one end of the carbon nanotube array 20 away from the substrate. In step (d), a pressure is applied uniformly on the elastic film 30 to make the elastic film contact with and adhere to the carbon nanotube array firmly. The direction of the applied pressure is perpendicular to the substrate. Since the adhesive force between the carbon nanotube array 20 and the elastic film 30 is larger than the adhesive force between the carbon nanotube array 20 and the substrate 10, when the elastic film 30 is shrinking, the carbon nanotube array 20 shrinks with the elastic film 30 and separates from the substrate 10. The carbon nanotube array 20 and the elastic film 30 can be shrunk along one direction or two directions. The carbon nanotube array 20 and the elastic film 30 shrunk along one direction means shrinking the carbon nanotube array 20 and the elastic film 30 along a length or a width of the elastic film 30. The carbon nanotube array 20 and the elastic film 30 shrunk along two directions means shrinking the carbon nanotube array 20 and the elastic film 30 along a length and a width of the elastic film 30 at the same time. In the present embodiment, the carbon nanotube array 20 and the elastic film 30 is shrunk along a length and a width of the elastic film 30 at the same time. In step (e), the carbon nanotube array 20 is separated from the elastic film 30 by a mechanical means. In the present embodiment, the elastic film 30 is mechanically pulled from the carbon nanotube array 20. Since the density of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube array 20 is high, the adhesive forces between the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube array 20 is large enough to make the carbon nanotube array form a free-standing structure and thus a high-density carbon nanotube array 40 is acquired. It can be understood that the method for separating the carbon nanotube array 20 and the elastic film 30 is not restricted to the mechanical method, and any other methods that can separate the carbon nanotube array 20 and elastic film 30 also can be used. The density of the high-density carbon nanotube array 40, according to the present embodiment, can be 5 to
|
['C01B3102']
|
detailed_description
|
11,307,916
|
[summary] In an embodiment of the invention, a packer includes a sealing element, a gage and a plurality of foldback rings. The rings are located between the gage and the sealing element. In another embodiment of the invention, a system includes a packer and tubular member, which defines an annulus in the well. The packer is adapted to seal off the annulus in response to the packer being set. The packer includes a sealing element, a gage and a plurality of foldback rings, which are located between the gage and the sealing element. In yet another embodiment of the invention, a technique that is usable with a well includes compressing a sealing element between gages to form an annular seal in the well. The technique includes controlling extrusion of the sealing element, a control that includes deforming a plurality of rings that are located between one of the gages and the sealing element. Advantages and other features of the invention will become apparent from the following drawing, description and claims.
|
['E21B3312']
|
summary
|
11,280,940
|
[claim] 1. A device, comprising: a pulse generator adapted to provide a neural stimulation signal to be applied at a neural simulation site within an autonomic nervous system (ANS); a signal processing module adapted to receive and process sensed neural traffic at a neural sensing site within the ANS; and a controller connected to the pulse generator and adapted to provide a neural stimulation control signal to the pulse generator to generate the neural stimulation signal and connected to the signal processing module to receive a feedback control signal indicative of the sensed neural traffic, the controller being adapted to adjust the neural stimulation control signal to adjust at least one parameter of the neural stimulation signal to converge on desired sensed neural traffic at the neural sensing site. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the neural stimulation site within the ANS is a parasympathetic neural stimulation site and the neural sensing site within the ANS is a parasympathetic neural sensing site, the controller being adapted to receive the feedback control signal as negative feedback to adjust the at least one parameter of the neural stimulation signal to converge on the desired sensed neural traffic at the parasympathetic neural sensing site. 3. The device of claim 2, wherein the parasympathetic neural stimulation site is the parasympathetic neural sensing site. 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the parasympathetic neural stimulation site and the parasympathetic neural sensing site includes a baroreceptor site. 5. The device of claim 4, further comprising a sensor to sense cardiac cycles connected to the controller, wherein the controller is adapted to neural stimulate the baroreceptor site during one cardiac cycle and sense neural activity during another cardiac cycle. 6. The device of claim 2, wherein the parasympathetic neural stimulation site is a different site than the parasympathetic neural sensing site. 7. The device of claim 6, wherein the parasympathetic neural stimulation site includes at least one of a vagus nerve and a cardiac fat pad, and the parasympathetic neural sensing site includes a baroreceptor site. 8. The device of claim 2, wherein the parasympathetic neural stimulation site includes a first site on a vagus nerve, and the parasympathetic neural sensing site includes a second site on the vagus nerve. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein one of the first site and the second site is an efferent site and the other is an afferent site. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein both the first and second sites are afferent sites on the vagus nerve. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein both the first and second sites are efferent sites on the vagus nerve. 12. The device of claim 1, wherein the neural stimulation site within the ANS is a sympathetic neural stimulation site and the neural sensing site within the ANS is a sympathetic neural sensing site, the controller being adapted to receive the feedback control signal as negative feedback to adjust the at least one parameter of the neural stimulation signal to converge on the desired sensed neural traffic at the sympathetic neural sensing site. 13. The device of claim 12, wherein both the neural stimulation site and the neural sensing site include a cardiac sympathetic nerve branch. 14. The device of claim 1, wherein the neural stimulation site within the ANS is a parasympathetic neural stimulation site and the neural sensing site within the ANS is a sympathetic neural sensing site, the controller being adapted to receive the feedback control signal as positive feedback to adjust the at least one parameter of the neural stimulation signal to converge on the desired sensed neural traffic at the sympathetic neural sensing site 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the parasympathetic neural stimulation site includes a vagus nerve site. 16. The device of claim 14, wherein the parasympathetic neural stimulation site includes a baroreceptor site and the sympathetic neural sensing site includes a cardiac sympathetic nerve branch. 17. The device of claim 1, wherein the neural stimulation site within the ANS is a sympathetic neural stimulation site within the ANS and the neural sensing site is a parasympathetic neural sensing site, the controller being adapted to receive the feedback control signal as positive feedback to adjust the at least one parameter of the neural stimulation signal to converge on the desired sensed neural traffic at the parasympathetic neural sensing site. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the sympathetic neural stimulation site includes a cardiac sympathetic nerve branch, and the parasympathetic neural sensing site includes a baroreceptor site. 19. The device of claim 1, further comprising a dynamic input control signal, the controller being adapted to receive the dynamic input control signal to adjust a target for the sensed neural traffic. 20. The device of claim 1, further comprising a gain input control signal to adjust gain, the controller being adapted to receive the gain input control signal to increment and decrement a gain for an intensity of the neural stimulation based on the feedback control signal. 21. The device of claim 20, further comprising a dynamic input control signal, the controller being adapted to receive the dynamic input control signal to adjust the gain. 22. The device of claim 1, further comprising an associated input control signal, the controller being adapted to receive the associated input control signal to associate the sensed neural activity to a neural stimulation event. 23. The device of claim 1, further comprising a dynamic input control signal, a gain input control signal, and an associated input control signal, the controller being adapted to associate the sensed neural activity to a neural stimulation event using the associated input control signal to verify a causal relationship between sensed and stimulated neural activity, to receive the gain input control signal to increment and decrement a gain for an intensity of the neural stimulation based on the feedback control signal, and to receive the dynamic input control signal to adjust a target for the sensed neural traffic and to adjust the
|
['A61N100']
|
claim
|
11,130,557
|
[invention] On various forms of mobile platforms, and particularly on commercial aircraft, In-Flight Entertainment (IFE) systems are required to send video streams to an aircraft passenger's video display unit, and synchronized audio streams to a headphone jack in a passenger's PCU (Passenger Control Unit) or to some other audio speaker. Typically, the video display is located in the seatback of a seat disposed in a first seat row. The audio signal that is associated with the video content displayed on the video display, however, typically needs to be supplied to an audio jack or speaker that is typically located in a seat in a second seat row behind the first seat. Thus, the video and audio streams must be delivered to two separate network “clients”, but still played in near-perfect synchronization. This is considerably different than the typical network or internet situation where the video and sound signals are played on the same client/host apparatus. In the past, IFE systems have generally been hard-wired systems. The audio and video signals have been delivered as analog or digital signals to one or the other of the first or second seats described above. Feedforward or feedback cables have been used to send the analog signal to the “other half” of the client. For example, if the audio and video signals were delivered to the first seat, then feedback cables were used to supply just the audio signal to the audio jack or speaker associated with the second seat. With modern systems, there is a strong desire to move towards completely wireless, digital delivery of both video and audio signals to all of the seats within a mobile platform, such as within a commercial aircraft. Often the video and audio streams are compressed before being transmitted from a wireless access point (or points) within the cabin of the mobile platform to the seats. With this arrangement, the video and audio streams must be decompressed/decoded at the “client end” of the network connection (i.e., at least at one seat location). One option would be to send the video and audio streams separately to the two clients (or the combined stream to both clients). However, in that situation the separate decoding at the two clients can lead to audio playout that is out of synch with the video playout. Therefore, it is desirable to decode both video and audio at one client, and then send decoded audio or video to the “other half” of the client (i.e., to the other seat that did not initially receive both streams of information). It would be highly desirable to accomplish the feedforward/feedback of one or the other of video or audio signals without the use of electrical cables. Eliminating the use of electrical cabling for the feedback information stream being transmitted to one of the seats would enable a completely wireless system to be implemented. This would save cost and weight, and reduce the complexity of installation of an IFE system within a mobile platform.
|
['H04N718']
|
background
|
11,611,692
|
[invention] The present invention relates to modification, and in particular but not exclusively to use of an ion beam in the modification of magnetic films. In the field of magnetic devices such as magnetic storage (such as memories such as RAMs and magnetic storage media such as hard disk drives) or magnetic field sensors, it is known to use materials exhibiting perpendicularly magnetised anisotropy (PMA) for manufacture of thin film magnetic layers. In materials exhibiting PMA properties, a thin film (typically of the material) will have a magnetisation direction which is dependent upon a surface layer thereupon. With no surface layer, or a surface layer of a material which does not cause PMA behaviour, the magnetisation direction will be parallel to the plane of the thin film. With a surface layer of a suitable material, the magnetisation direction alters by 90 degrees to be perpendicular to the plane of the thin film. Conventional systems for utilising the PMA effect of thin film magnetic layers create areas where PMA is in effect and areas where it is not. This is done by, for example, disturbing the boundary between the thin film and the surface layer using a bombardment of helium ions to create a situation where most of the atoms at the boundary are surrounded by random selections of atoms from both the thin film and the surface layer and as such behave as though they were in the centre of a mass of the PMA material, and hence the PMA effect does not occur. Such an approach is detailed by C. Chappert et al in their paper “Planar Patterned Magnetic Media Obtained by Ion Irradiation” published in Science Vol. 280, pages 1919-1922, 19 Jun. 1998. This technology was applied to hard disk media by D. Weller et al in their paper “Ion induced magnetization reorientation in CO/Pt multilayers for patterned media” published in the Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 87, No. 9, 1 May 2000. Another known technique for creating areas of magnetically active and inactive material in a magnetic layer is to implant Gallium ions into the magnetic layer in areas where the magnetic effect is not desired. The implanted ions interfere with the magnetic layer such that magnetisation is destroyed. This technique includes use of a non-magnetic over-layer over the magnetic layer to prevent sputtering of the magnetic layer. This is described in W. M. Kaminsky et al in their paper “Patterning ferromagnetism in Ni 80 Fe 20 films via Ga + ion irradiation” published in Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 78, No. 11, 12 Mar. 2001. It is also known to perform these techniques using both focussed an unfocussed ion beams. The focussed beam techniques are mostly limited to laboratory-based applications due to the low speed of the procedures which make commercial exploitation prohibitively expensive for most purposes. The unfocussed beam techniques are much faster but are not able to provide the same resolution for pattern production as focussed beam techniques.
|
['B05D512' 'B05D300' 'C23C1400' 'B32B1710']
|
background
|
12,498,242
|
[description] Advantageous embodiments of the invention are explained in detail below on the basis of FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 1 schematically shows the setup of an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention. FIG. 2 shows a vertical longitudinal section through a casting mould of an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention. FIG. 3 shows a horizontal longitudinal section through a casting mould of an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention. FIG. 4 shows a measurement result in the form of a graph, in which the measured tensile force and the temperature over time for two different tests are plotted. The drawing figures do not limit the present invention to the specific embodiments disclosed and described herein. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the preferred embodiment.
|
['B22C1900']
|
detailed_description
|
12,277,886
|
[invention] United States Patent Publication No. US 2007-0116807 published May 24, 2007, discloses a food tray comprising a lower tray and an upper tray containing separate food products.
|
['A23L336']
|
background
|
11,548,572
|
[summary] To address the above, in accordance with the present invention a system and a method for software testing and quality assurance provides a visually oriented interface that includes actual screen views for each window that is automated within the application under test. In one embodiment, the system captures a screen shot of each window against which it records user actions, and then matches up the known starting point of the screen shot with the known location of enumerated controls within the window. This information is stored in conjunction with the screenshot. Accordingly, the user is able to review the exact screens being automated, as well as the flow of information; identify all supported controls on each window; edit existing transactions, also called “Visual tests”, including adding new control information visually; and perform such actions even when the application under test is not itself available (e.g., when it is off line). In some embodiments, a screen is displayed to notify the user when recording of a new visual test has begun. In a further aspect of the invention, a visual interface geared for novice users includes an application window, also called “Screen Preview”, an action window, also called test steps, a properties window and a storyboard window. The application window is a screen shot of the window being automated in the application under test. The action window is a list of actions displayed within the application window, as well as logic that occurs within the context of the transaction but does not directly manipulate the graphical user interface of the application under test. The properties window displays the attributes associated with an item or step the user selects. The storyboard window shows a sequence of application windows being automated. In one embodiment, the application window appears to the left of the action window, the property window below the application window and the storyboard window appears below the property and action windows. In a further embodiment, the storyboard window uses “thumbnail” screenshots to depict the windows under automation. In another aspect, highlighting within the application window, the action window and the storyboard window is synchronized so as to help direct the user to the appropriate context for any particular portion of the testing. For example, when a user selects a particular action in the action window, the corresponding graphical user interface component of the application under test is highlighted in the application window, as is the appropriate “thumbnail” in the storyboard window. In yet another aspect, actions are visually editable regardless of whether the application under test is actually available. In one embodiment, the user performs such editing directly in the application window and in another the user is given the option of editing offline and updating on a screen-by-screen or application-by-application basis when online. In this manner, the user does not need to locate and execute the actual application under test every time a change is made to the desired testing procedure. In still another aspect, usability of the action window is increased by application of relatively non-technical language in that window, a simple syntactical structure (e.g., <action><object>), and inclusion of visually descriptive icons in the action window's list of actions. Also in accordance with the present invention, a results window includes a portion with a list of tests executed and a context-sensitive portion providing further details. In one aspect, such results are broken down into simple to understand levels of severity including errors, warnings, and informational messages. Categorization of such levels is user-controllable on an individual basis as well as globally, to permit the user or an administrator to modify levels as may be needed. In still another aspect, the context-sensitive portion of the results window displays application, action, property and storyboard portions to visually show what happened during execution of a particular test. Further in accordance with the present invention, a startup window for each user integrates recent transactions; new transactions; assigned tasks, notes and other collaboration information; support and “getting started” information to enhance usability. Still further in accordance with the present invention, the system is configured to allow a user to flag elements for follow-up directly in the results or transaction window, and to allow a user to annotate with text, voice, or file attachments directly in the application window. The system is also configured to allow a user to add notes to the results or transaction widows. Flags are to facilitate collaboration between users, and notes are for informational purposes. The system permits a user to print tests, results, screenshots and descriptions. The print dialog allows users to decide how much information they wish to print. For example, users may select to print all associated screens, or only selected items. The features and advantages described in the specification are not all inclusive and, in particular, many additional features and advantages will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the drawings, specification, and claims. Moreover, it should be noted that the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter.
|
['G06F944']
|
summary
|
12,536,056
|
[claim] 1. A prosthesis for replacing a knee joint between a femur and a tibia, the prosthesis comprising: a femoral component including a first condylar portion, a second condylar portion, a first sidewall extending superiorly from the first condylar portion, a second sidewall extending superiorly from the second condylar portion, the first and second sidewalls collectively comprising a first hinge portion; a tibial component having a bone engaging inferior surface and a bearing engaging superior surface, the tibial component having a first engagement portion formed thereon; a bearing having an inferior surface that engages the bearing engaging surface and a superior femoral engaging surface, the bearing defining an opening; and a yoke having an inferior portion and a superior portion, the superior portion having an axle that comprises a second hinge portion that hingedly couples to the first hinge portion, the inferior portion having a second engagement portion and configured to at least partially pass through the opening; wherein the femoral component is operable to rotate relative to the tibial component about a superior/inferior axis a first rotational distance until the first and second engagement portions engage each other and inhibit further rotation. 2. The prosthesis of claim 1 wherein the superior surface of the tibial component has a first bi-helical interface and the inferior surface of the bearing has a second bi-helical interface, the first and second bi-helical interfaces cooperating to produce a longitudinal distraction of the femoral component relative to the tibial component during the rotation of the femoral component about the superior/inferior axis relative to the tibial component. 3. The prosthesis of claim 1 wherein the first and second hinge portions cooperate to inhibit distraction of the femoral component relative to the superior surface of the bearing. 4. The prosthesis of claim 1 wherein the axle has a hinge axis and further comprises an axle post that is movable along the hinge axis between an installation position and an assembled position. 5. The prosthesis of claim 4, further comprising a biasing member that biases the axle post toward the assembled position. 6. The prosthesis of claim 4 wherein in the assembled position the axle extends a distance along the hinge axis that is greater than a distance between the first and second sidewalls of the femoral component. 7. The prosthesis of claim 1, further comprising a hyper-extension stop that selectively couples with the yoke and abuts an intercondylar portion of the femoral component and inhibits hyper-extension of the femoral component relative to the tibial component. 8. The prosthesis of claim 7, further comprising a pin that selectively advances through an opening in the hyper-extension stop and engages the axle and thereby inhibits inferior movement of the yoke. 9. The prosthesis of claim 8 wherein the hyper-extension stop has lateral wings that oppose the first and second sidewalls of the femoral component. 10. A prosthesis for replacing a knee joint between a femur and a tibia, the prosthesis comprising: a femoral component including a first condylar portion, a second condylar portion, a first sidewall extending superiorly from the first condylar portion, a second sidewall extending superiorly from the second condylar portion, the first and second sidewalls collectively comprising a first hinge portion; a tibial component having a bone engaging inferior surface and a bearing engaging superior surface; a bearing having an articulating inferior surface adapted to articulate along the bearing engaging surface and a superior femoral engaging surface, the bearing defining an opening; and a yoke having an inferior portion and a superior portion, the superior portion comprising a second hinge portion that hingedly couples to the first hinge portion, the second hinge portion including an axle defining a hinge axis and having an axle post that is movable along the hinge axis between an installation position and an assembled position, the inferior portion configured to at least partially pass through the opening. 11. The prosthesis of claim 10 wherein the femoral component comprises a bushing on each of the first and second sidewalls, respectively that receive at least portions of the axle in a nested position in the assembled position. 12. The prosthesis of claim 11, further comprising a biasing member that biases the axle post toward the assembled position. 13. The prosthesis of claim 11 wherein in the assembled position the axle extends a distance along the hinge axis that is greater than a distance between the first and second sidewalls of the femoral component. 14. The prosthesis of claim 10, further comprising a hyper-extension stop that selectively couples with the yoke and abuts an intercondylar portion of the femoral component and inhibits hyper-extension of the femoral component relative to the tibial component. 15. The prosthesis of claim 14, further comprising a pin that selectively advances through an opening in the hyper-extension stop and engages the axle and thereby inhibits inferior movement of the yoke. 16. The prosthesis of claim 15 wherein the hyper-extension stop has lateral wings that oppose the first and second sidewalls of the femoral component. 17. The prosthesis of claim 10 wherein the tibial component has a first engagement portion formed thereon including at least one superiorly extending finger having a catch surface that generally opposes the bearing engaging superior surface and wherein the inferior portion of the yoke has a second engagement portion formed thereon including at least one tang having a superior surface that generally opposes the catch surface. 18. The prosthesis of claim 10 wherein the superior surface of the tibial component has a first bi-helical interface and the inferior surface of the bearing has a second bi-helical interface, the first and second bi-helical interfaces cooperating to produce a longitudinal distraction of the femoral component relative to the tibial component during the rotation of the femoral component about the superior/inferior axis relative to the tibial component. 19. The prosthesis of claim 18 wherein the longitudinal distraction is inhibited upon sufficient rotation of the femoral component about the superior/inferior surface such that the catch surface of the finger and the superior
|
['A61F238']
|
claim
|
12,625,066
|
System and Method for Registration of Network-Capable Consumer Electronic Devices [SEP] [abstract] Manufacturer registration of consumer electronic devices includes a registration server receiving purchaser-specific information from a user computer over a network, such as the Internet. This received purchaser-specific information may then be associated with a temporary short code, which is in turn provided back to the user computer over the network. The purchaser is then free to input the provided temporary short code into the consumer electronic device to be registered, after which both the short code and certain additional device-specific identification information may be provided directly by the consumer electronic device to the registration server over a network connection. The provided short code may then be matched to the previously-provided purchaser-specific information, and the manufacturer registration process completed using both the purchaser-specific information and the device-specific identification information.
|
['G06F1516']
|
abstract
|
11,775,899
|
SOLID ORAL DOSAGE VITAMIN AND MINERAL COMPOSITIONS [SEP] [abstract] A coating composition comprising a coating agent, a high intensity sweetener, and an acid.
|
['A61K936' 'A61K4738' 'A61P3900' 'C08L102']
|
abstract
|
11,296,747
|
[summary] The present invention has been contemplated to solve the above-mentioned problems associated with a conventional method for printing a still picture image. An object of the present invention is therefore to enable for one single switch to perform a series of operations from selection of an appropriate still picture image of motion pictures as a printing still picture to actually starting the printing operation for the selected still picture, thereby substantially simplifying the operation of its print operation button. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, this invention relates to a printer equipped with a picture display device to print a selected one still picture image on a printing paper, where selected one still picture image is displayed on the picture display device. The printer of the present invention comprises a memory means for storing printing data for a still picture image displayed on the picture display device and a print operation button for starting the printing operating of the printer. The above-mentioned print operation button is a push type switch having two modes of states and functions such as a half-depressed state and a full-depressed state. The half-depressed state of the print operation button causes to select one still picture image, display thus selected still picture image on the picture display device and store the data for the selected still picture image in the memory. The full-depressed state of the print operation button causes to start printing of the still picture thus selected and stored. Therefore, the single print operation button provided on the printer of the present invention is able to perform a series of operations including selection of a printing still picture from motion pictures and starting the printing operation of the printer, thereby simplifying its operations substantially. Further, a method of printing operation according to the invention comprises step for printing on a printing paper a still picture image selected from among motion pictures displayed on the display device by the printer provided with a single push button switch having two modes of states and functions such as a half-depressed state and a full-depressed state. The method of the present invention further comprises the steps of: depressing the push button switch up to half way to select a still picture image from motion pictures displayed on the display and to store the same as a printing picture; and depressing the push button switch fully to its bottom to start printing of the still picture image thus stored in the memory. Therefore, according to the method of printing operation of the present invention, only single print operation button is capable of performing a series of printer operations including selection of the print picture (still picture image) among motion pictures and starting of printing operation of the printer, thereby simplifying the series of complicated print operations substantially. Another object of the invention is to provide for a data processing device for implementing a camera-integrated VTR equipped with a printer unit, in which various external data entered from various external devices, and internal data generated or stored therein are ensured to be communicated selectively and with ease between respective units without need of provision of other units therebetween. In order to accomplish the above-mentioned another object of the present invention, a data processing device a camera-integrated VTR equipped with a printer unit is provided, which is comprised of a data I/O unit, a data memory unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data I/O unit, the data memory unit and the data processing unit are connected in parallel to a data bus so that respective units are allowed to transmit and receive data therebetween selectively, directly and with ease without need of provision of other units therebetween. Thereby, a selective and arbitrary data transfer between respective units that are arranged in parallel on the data bus is ensured to be established.
|
['G06F312']
|
summary
|
11,432,183
|
[claim] 1. A method of transforming from one crystal structure to another crystal structure, comprising: providing a TiO2 nanocolloid that has an anatase crystal structure; mixing the TiO2 nanocolloid with a metal hexahydrate compound at a temperature of less than about 600° C., wherein the metal hexahydrate compound is selected from a cobalt chloride hexahydrate compound, a cobalt nitrate hexahydrate compound, and a nickel chloride hexahydrate compound; and transforming the anatase crystal structure to a rutile crystal structure in less than 60 minutes and at a temperature of less than about 600° C. 2. A method of transforming from one crystal structure to another crystal structure, comprising: providing a TiO2 nanocolloid that has an anatase crystal structure; mixing the TiO2 nanocolloid with a metal hydrate compound at a temperature of about 20 to 30° C.; and transforming the anatase crystal structure to a rutile crystal structure in less than 5 minutes and at a temperature of about 20 to 30° C. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the metal hydrate compound comprises a transition metal hydrate compound. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the metal hydrate compound comprises a magnetic transition metal hydrate compound. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the metal hydrate compound comprises a cobalt hexahydrate compound. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the cobalt hexahydrate compound is a cobalt chloride hexahydrate compound. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein the metal hydrate compound comprises a nickel hexahydrate compound. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the nickel hexahydrate compound comprises a nickel chloride hexahydrate compound. 9. The method of claim 2, wherein transforming occurs at about 25° C. 10. The method of claim 2, further comprising forming a TiO2 nanocolloid/metal complex, wherein the TiO2 nanocolloid/metal complex is a TiO2 nanocolloid/Co complex, wherein Co replaces at least one Ti in the rutile crystal structure. 11. The method of claim 2, wherein the metal hydrate compound comprises a transition metal chloride hexahydrate compound. 12. A method of transforming from one crystal structure to another crystal structure, comprising: providing a TiO2-xNx nanocolloid that has an anatase crystal structure, wherein x is about 0.005 to 0.25; mixing the TiO2-xNx nanocolloid with a metal hexahydrate compound at a temperature of less than about 600° C., wherein the metal hexahydrate compound is selected from a cobalt chloride hexahydrate compound, a cobalt nitrate hexahydrate compound, and a nickel chloride hexahydrate compound; irradiating the interaction of the mixture of the TiO2-xNx nanocolloid and the metal hexahydrate compound with a laser energy of greater than 120 mW; and transforming the anatase crystal structure to a rutile crystal structure. 13. A method of transforming from one crystal structure to another crystal structure, comprising: providing a TiO2-xNx nanocolloid that has an anatase crystal structure, wherein x is about 0.005 to 0.25; mixing the TiO2-xNx nanocolloid with a metal hydrate compound at a temperature of less than about 20 to 30° C.; and irradiating the interaction of the mixture of TiO2-xNx nanocolloid and the metal hydrate compound with a laser energy of greater than 120 mW; and transforming the anatase crystal structure to a rutile crystal structure. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the metal hydrate compound comprises a transition metal hydrate compound. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the metal hydrate compound is selected from a transition metal chloride hydrate compound and a transition metal nitrate hydrate compound. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the metal hydrate compound comprises a magnetic transition metal hydrate compound. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the metal hydrate compound is selected from a magnetic transition metal chloride hydrate compound and a magnetic transition metal nitrate hydrate compound. 18. The method of claim 13, wherein the metal hydrate compound comprises a cobalt hexahydrate compound. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the cobalt hexahydrate compound is selected from cobalt chloride hexahydrate compound and cobalt nitrate hexahydrate compound. 20. The method of claim 13, wherein transforming occurs at about 25° C.
|
['C01B2120']
|
claim
|
10,555,237
|
[invention] 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a functional substance including structured material containing a polymer, which can be used as various functional materials, a functional substance dispersed composition containing the structured material, and a liquid-applying process and apparatus for applying the composition. 2. Related Background Art As for dispersed materials containing a functional substance, have heretofore been well known agricultural chemicals such as herbicides and insecticides, medicaments such as anti-cancer drugs, anti-allergic drugs and antiphlogistics, and coloring materials containing a colorant as particulate solids, such as inks and toners. In recent years, among these, digital printing technology utilizing a composition containing a coloring material has been vigorously developed. Typical examples of this digital printing technology include those called electrophotographic technology and ink-jet technology, and its importance-as image-forming technology in homes and offices has more and more increased in recent years. Among these, the ink-jet technology has a great feature as a directly recording method that it is compact and low in consumption power. The formation of high-quality images is also quickly advanced by formation of micro-nozzles or the like. An example of the ink-jet technology includes a method that an ink fed from an ink tank is evaporated and bubbled by heating it by a heater in a nozzle, thereby ejecting the ink to form an image on a recording medium. Another example includes a method that an ink is ejected from a nozzle by vibrating a piezoelectric element. In order to improve weathering resistance and fixing ability, it is investigated to use pigment-dispersed inks as inks for ink-jet. U.S. Pat. No. 5,085,698 has proposed a method that a pigment is dispersed by an ionic block polymer having at least one hydrophilic component and at least one hydrophobic component. However, a further improvement is desired in point of inhibiting aggregation by interaction between particles to stably disperse the pigment in a solvent over a long period of time and from the viewpoints of tint, coloring ability and fixing ability.
|
['C08K302']
|
background
|
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