text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
```c
/*++
version 3. Alternative licensing terms are available. Contact
info@minocacorp.com for details. See the LICENSE file at the root of this
project for complete licensing information.
Module Name:
memmap.c
Abstract:
This module implements support for returning the initial memory map on the
Raspberry Pi.
Author:
Chris Stevens 21-Dec-2014
Environment:
Firmware
--*/
//
// your_sha256_hash--- Includes
//
#include <uefifw.h>
#include "rpifw.h"
//
// your_sha256_hash Definitions
//
//
// ------------------------------------------------------ Data Type Definitions
//
//
// ----------------------------------------------- Internal Function Prototypes
//
//
// your_sha256_hash---- Globals
//
//
// your_sha256_hash-- Functions
//
EFI_STATUS
EfiPlatformGetInitialMemoryMap (
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR **Map,
UINTN *MapSize
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine returns the initial platform memory map to the EFI core. The
core maintains this memory map. The memory map returned does not need to
take into account the firmware image itself or stack, the EFI core will
reserve those regions automatically.
Arguments:
Map - Supplies a pointer where the array of memory descriptors constituting
the initial memory map is returned on success. The EFI core will make
a copy of these descriptors, so they can be in read-only or
temporary memory.
MapSize - Supplies a pointer where the number of elements in the initial
memory map will be returned on success.
Return Value:
EFI status code.
--*/
{
return EfipBcm2709GetInitialMemoryMap(Map, MapSize);
}
//
// --------------------------------------------------------- Internal Functions
//
``` |
The women's 4x100 metres relay event at the 2008 World Junior Championships in Athletics was held in Bydgoszcz, Poland, at Zawisza Stadium on 11 and 12 July.
Medalists
Results
Final
12 July
Heats
11 July
Heat 1
Heat 2
Heat 3
Participation
According to an unofficial count, 94 athletes from 23 countries participated in the event.
References
4 x 100 metres relay
Relays at the World Athletics U20 Championships
2008 in women's athletics |
Qadiob (; , ) is a village and jamoat in Tajikistan. It is part of the city of Roghun in Districts of Republican Subordination. The jamoat has a total population of 13,000 (2015).
Notes
References
Populated places in Districts of Republican Subordination
Jamoats of Tajikistan |
Andrew Fink (born July 30, 1985) is a Republican member of the Michigan House of Representatives, first elected in 2020.
Early life, education, and legal career
Fink was born on July 30, 1985, in Superior Township, Washtenaw County, Michigan. He received a bachelor's degree in politics from Hillsdale College and a J.D. from the University of Michigan Law School. He was a member of the United States Marine Corps Judge Advocate Division from 2011 to 2014.
In 2017, he moved from Ypsilanti to Hillsdale, where he ran a satellite office of his family's law firm, Fink and Fink, PLLC. He was district director for Mike Shirkey, a Republican member of the Michigan State Senate and the Senate Majority Leader, from January 2019 to January 2020. Fink is a member of the Federalist Society and was a commissioner-at-large for the State Bar of Michigan.
Political career
In the 2020 Republican primary for the Michigan House of Representatives, District 58, Fink ran against farmer Andy Welden, realtor Daren Wiseley, and Hillsdale City Mayor Adam Stockford. The district covers Hillsdale County and Branch; incumbent Eric Leutheuser could not run for reelection due to term limits. Of the 16,881 total votes in the August 2020 Republican primary, Fink received 6,520 votes (38.62%), Welden 4,310 votes (25.53%); Wiseley 3,126 votes (18.52%), and Stockford 2,925 votes (17.33%).
During his 2020 campaign, Fink took the position that Governor Gretchen Whitmer's actions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan were unconstitutional. His primary campaign was supported by Citizens for Energizing Michigan's Economy (CEME), a 501(c)(4) "dark money" group related to Consumers Energy, which ran several mailers and ads in favor of Fink.
In the general election, Fink faced Democratic nominee Tamara Barnes of Coldwater, a director of the Kalamazoo Valley Museum. Fink won 71.22% of the vote (30,208 votes) and Barnes 28.78% of the vote (12,208 votes).
Upon taking office, Fink was assigned to the House Appropriations, Military and Veterans Affairs and State Police; and Health Policy committees.
After redistricting, in 2022, Fink was elected to the 35th district.
In September 2023, Fink announced his candidacy for the Michigan Supreme Court.
Personal life
Fink lives in Adams Township. He is married and has five children.
References
Republican Party members of the Michigan House of Representatives
People from Ypsilanti, Michigan
1985 births
Living people
21st-century American politicians |
Laser Tank is a 1980 board game published by Judges Guild.
Gameplay
Laser Tank is a set of miniatures combat rules with cardstock vehicles.
Reception
William A. Barton reviewed Laser Tank in The Space Gamer No. 35. Barton commented that "All in all, Laser Tank isn't a bad buy for use in a role-playing campaign. And, for a quicky, little-thought AFV battle, the Laser Tank rules (and vehicles) might prove sufficient for some. Real miniature armor enthusiasts, though, would be advised to look elsewhere for SF armor rules. If you do buy Laser Tank for the miniature rules, well, don't say you weren't warned."
References
Board games introduced in 1980
Judges Guild publications |
The Punjab Plain is a large alluvial plain in Eastern Pakistan and Northwestern India. The plain includes the Pakistani province of Punjab and the Indian states of Punjab and Haryana, and parts of Rajasthan. This plain is around 200–300 meters above mean sea level. The plain is extensively farmed for cereals and cotton.
The plain is the western part of the North Indian River Plain, formed by the Indus River and its tributaries - the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas and the Sutlej.
The land formed of alluvium in between two rivers known as Doab is found here.
Bhangar : The flood plains formed due to deposition of older alluvium is known as Bhangar.
Bet : The flood plains seen here which are formed due to repeated deposition of new alluvium during each flood is known as Bet. The plains are in the plain biomes.
References
Plains of India
Landforms of Punjab, India
Landforms of Haryana
Plains of Pakistan |
The Men of Frau Clarissa () is a 1922 German silent film directed by Fred Sauer and starring Oskar Marion, Hilde Wolter and Colette Corder.
The film's sets were designed by the art director Franz Schroedter.
Cast
Oskar Marion as Legationsrat Dr. Steeven
Hilde Wolter as Clarissa, seine Frau
Rolf Prasch as Renesos, Attaché
Colette Corder as Seine Freu
Max Ruhbeck as Graf Beauchamps
C.W. Tetting as Kommissar
Hugo Fischer-Köppe as Bobby Watson
Alfred Schmasow as Kriminalbeamter
Editha Seidel as Henny Meaton
References
External links
1922 films
Films of the Weimar Republic
German silent feature films
Films directed by Fred Sauer
German black-and-white films
1920s German films |
The second series of Dani's Castle aired from 14 November 2013 to 3 October 2014 on the CBBC Channel. The series mainly focuses on Bogmoor Castle other than Dani fitting in since Dani has moved on as a Hollywood Star. But Bogmoor Castle is still her home so she keeps in touch with the gang via webcam. The series stars Dani Harmer as Dani, Kieran Alleyne as Jimmy, Niall Wright as Gabe, Shannon Flynn as Kait, Jordan Brown as Esme, and introduces newcomers Toby Murray as Dylan and Richard Wisker as Rich.
Cast
Main cast
Richard Wisker as Rich
Shannon Flynn as Kait
Niall Wright as Gabe
Kieran Alleyne as Jimmy
Jordan Brown as Esme
Toby Murray as Dylan
Dani Harmer as Dani
Supporting cast
Dani Harmer as Dani
Richard Wisker as Diego
Shannon Flynn as Roxy
Episodes
References
2013 British television seasons
2014 British television seasons
series 2 |
Gardenia hillii is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Fiji.
References
Endemic flora of Fiji
hillii
Vulnerable plants
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Culture in Namibia is a blend of many different people and its culture and customs have absorbed both African and European elements and fused them into a blend of the two. Although the country is urbanising rapidly, a majority of Namibians still live in rural areas and lead largely impoverished lives. It is among these people, however, that cultural tradition survive most strongly.
One of the sparsest populated countries in the world, Namibia's different cultures span an impressively diverse population, from the Bantu-speaking Ovambo and Herero tribes (the latter of which are admired for their colorful Victorian dress) to the Damara minorities and nomadic San. German colonisation left its own imprint on Namibia, with German being a widely spoken language today and German architecture and cuisine featuring prominently. Namibia's diverse and, at times, harsh climate has contributed to its colourful history.
Population
Namibia has the second-lowest population density of any sovereign country, after Mongolia. In 2017 there were on average 3.08 people per km2.
The current population of Namibia is 2,599,944 based on projections of the latest United Nations data.
Ethnic groups
Namibia has many ethnic groups. The 9 main ethnic groups are:
Coloured / Baster
Herero
Kavango people
Khoisan
Nama / Damara
Ovambo people
Tswana people
White Namibians
Zambezi people
These groups can be further broken down into smaller tribes with each having a slightly different dialect from the other.
Language
During the apartheid regime in Namibia, the three languages of English, German, and Afrikaans were designated as the official languages of Namibia. After Namibia gained independence from South Africa in 1990, the new government adopted English as the official language, enshrined in the constitution of the country. English is now used in government, and it is the medium of instruction in schools and universities. However, the schools of Namibia are facing a shortage of teachers proficient in the English language, and a report reveals that 98% of the country's teachers lack sufficient training in the language.
The most widely spoken languages used in households are Oshiwambo dialects, by 49% of the population, Khoekhoegowab by 11%, Afrikaans by 10%, RuKwangali by 9%, and Otjiherero by 9%. Other native languages include the Bantu languages Setswana, Gciriku, Fwe, Chikuhane, Mbukushu, Yeyi; and the Khoisan Naro, ǃXóõ, Kung-Ekoka, ǂKxʼauǁʼein and Kxoe. English, the official language, is spoken by 3% of people as their native language. Portuguese was spoken by 4–5% of the total population, i.e. 100,000 people, made up mostly of the Angolan community in 2014. The number of Angolans in Namibia declined from 2014 to 2015. The economic crisis in the neighboring country affected the numbers. Among the white population, 60% speak Afrikaans, 32% German, 7% English, and 1% Portuguese.
Religion
Namibian religion is dominated by various branches of Christianity, with more than 90% of Namibian citizens identifying themselves as Christian. According to the United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, in 2007 up to 75% were Protestant, including as much as 50% Lutheran.
According to the Namibia Demographic and Health Survey of 2013, the proportions are:
65.1% Protestant (43.7% Lutheran, 4.4% Seventh-day Adventist, 17.0% Anglican or other Protestant denomination)
22.8% Roman Catholic
10.5% a non-Christian religion (primarily African traditional religions, Sunni Islam, Buddhism)
1.5% unaffiliated or irreligious
Foreign missionary groups operate in the country. The Constitution provides for freedom of religion, and the government generally respects this right in practice. Islam in Namibia is subscribed to by about 9,000 people, many of them Nama. Namibia is home to a small Jewish community of about 100 people.
Norms and lifestyle
Dress
Women in different areas of Namibia dress differently from each other. Some women wear traditional clothing while others wear Victorian-styled clothing because of the influence of the missionaries in the area. Herero women wear traditional style clothing and dress with traditional jewellery. The hairstyle indicates their rank and social status. Himba people still wear traditional attire and apply otjize to their skin, a cosmetic mixture of butterfat and ochre pigment. It gives Himba people's skin and hair plaits a distinctive texture, style, and orange or red tinge, and is often perfumed with aromatic resin.
Greetings
Greetings are especially important to Namibians. Namibians tend to be indirect communicators. Conversations almost always begin with a hello and how are you doing. It is generally considered impolite to just rush into trying to obtain the specific information you need. Extended greetings and handshakes are very important in most Namibian cultures. When food and drink are offered, it is polite to accept. There is a general emphasis on emotional restraint in public, and public displays of affection between spouses or lovers are frowned upon, especially in rural areas.
Along with a curtsy, another traditional show of respect is for the greeter to shake with his or her right hand while at the same time touching their right elbow with their left hand. The curtsy and the elbow touch performed together are very common in the northern regions, especially the rural areas. It is considered common courtesy to greet people in. It is considered disrespectful to not greet people. When entering a room for a meeting, you should greet everyone with a handshake if possible, before sitting down. When asking someone in a public establishment for help (i.e. directions, prices, etc.), always greet first and ask how they are before proceeding to business. Often after shaking someone's hand, Namibians will continue to hold on to each other's hand while conversing, especially if the two people are friends with one another.
When shaking someone's hand especially when its an elder, males are required to nod their heads while females are required to bend their knees a little bit as a form of respect.
Family structure
In Namibian, Most households are not nuclear families but contain other kin as well. The head of the household manages domestic finances, makes important decisions, and organizes productive activities. Parents receive substantial help with child-rearing from other family members. It is not unusual for children to live with other relatives if the parents have work obligations, the child needs to be closer to school, or a relative needs a child's help. Most boys and girls attend primary school, although sometimes they stay at home to help with the livestock or crops.
Corporate kin groups are formed by ties traced through women (matrilineal), men (patrilineal), or both (bilateral), depending on ethnicity. These kin groups provide a support network for their members and control joint property, especially livestock; in the past, they also played significant roles in political and religious affairs. There has been a general shift from matrilineal to patrilineal. For example, wives and children in matrilineal communities can now assert rights to the property of deceased husbands and fathers, which has been traditionally inherited by the man's matrilineal relatives (his siblings and sisters' children).
In a Namibian culture, the wealth of a family is measured by how much cattle it has, and families live a semi-nomadic life, following grazing and water sources for their livestock. In the rural communal areas, men and boys generally care for livestock, build and maintain homesteads, plow fields, and contribute some agricultural labor, while women and girls do most of the agricultural labor, food preparation, childcare, and household work.
Marriage
Weddings are extremely important social events in Namibia, bringing family and friends together to sing, dance, and feast. Most weddings combine old and new elements. Many Owambo couples, for example, say their vows in a church ceremony accompanied by identically dressed bridesmaids and groomsmen, then exit to a crowd of guests shouting praises, dancing, and waving horsetail whisks.
The South African Marriage Act #25 of 1961 (SA) came into force in Namibia on 1 February 1972 when the Marriage Amendment Act, 1970 was brought into force in South West Africa. Men and women of full age have the right to marry and to be found a family. They shall be entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during the marriage, and at its dissolution. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State. Marriage was allowed without any limitation due to race, color, ethnic origin, nationality, religion, creed, or social or economic status, but not between "Whites" and "Non-Whites", as defined by the South African government and formalised by the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act, 1949. Only in 1985 was this restriction repealed.
According to the Basic Analysis with Highlights, July 2003 reflect the incidence of customary and common law marriages in Namibia indicates that About 56% of the Namibian population is never married, with about 19% being married at common law. And about 9% is married traditionally while 7% is married consensually. Some 3% is divorced persons while about 4% are widowed. The highest incidence of married persons are found m the Caprivi (54%), Kunene (48%) and Kavango (61%) regions.
Arts
The National Theatre of Namibia serves as a venue for both Namibian and foreign musicians and stage actors, in addition to assisting community-based drama groups. School and church groups create and stage less formal productions. Traditional dance troupes representing the various ethnic groups of Namibia perform at local and national festivals and holiday celebrations and also participate in competitions. Many craftspeople produce objects for local use and the tourist trade; wood carvings (containers, furniture, animals) from the Kavango and basketry from Owambo are the best-known examples. Some craftspeople have formed organizations to assist each other with production and marketing.
Namibia has large numbers of rock art sites scattered across the country, especially rock engraving sites. The best-known rock art areas are the Brandberg Massif in Damaraland (2697m – mainly painting sites), and Twyfelfontein, a UNESCO World Heritage rock art site, also in Damaraland. Both of these sites are in the Erongo region in northwestern Namibia. Another important painting area is the Erongo Mountains southeast of the Brandberg.
One of the richest rock painting areas/sites in the subcontinent, the Brandberg has large numbers of sites scattered across its 750 km2 which are mostly the work of ancestral Bushman/San hunter-gatherers and may be up to 2,000 years old or more in some cases. Meanwhile, Twyfelfontein is one of the most important rock engraving sites in southern Africa. The most celebrated rock painting is The White Lady rock painting, located on a panel, also depicting other artwork, on a small rock overhang, deep within Brandberg Mountain. The giant granite monolith located in Damaraland and called 'The Brandberg' is Namibia's highest mountain. The painting's German name is Weiße Dame
Music
Popular styles of music in Namibia include hip hop, R&B, Soul, reggae, afro-pop, house, and kwaito. Upon Namibia's independence, Jackson Kaujeua and Ras Sheehama had been the most outstanding Namibian performers. Kaujeua had been performing since the 1970s, he performed a mix of Namibia's traditional genres with afro-pop/gospel sounds. Other early Namibian musicians include a Setswana band called People's Choice, that was popular between 1996 and 1998 for their hit single "Don't Look Back (Siwelewele)", a kwaito trio called Matongo Family, Boli Mootseng, X-Plode with members (Jaicee James, Lizell Swarts & Christi Nomath Warner Warner Christi), Oshiwambo indigenous rapper Shikololo and R&B turn-producer Big Ben. Big Ben has eventually become the most respected artist through his Afro-pop and Fusion with his live shows. In fact, he is one of the very few that performs all his shows with a live band while many still perform with backtracks. Namibian stars such as Stefan Ludik, The Dogg, Gazza, EES, Lady May, Sunny Boy, Sally Boss Madam, and Big Ben have become continental celebrities as well as Placa Gang a group of hard-working dream chasers.
The Sanlam-NBC Music Awards and the Namibian Music Awards are two separate institutions that give out annual awards respectively. The Namibia Society of Composers and Authors of Music (NASCAM) has helped promote Namibian music within and outside the country. NAMAS ceremony is run by MTC Namibia and the Namibian Broadcasting Corporation. The awards were introduced to replace the Sanlam-NBC Music Awards, which were run by Sanlam Namibia and the Namibian Broadcasting Corporations.
Traditional Music in Namibia is extremely diverse, partly due to the diversity of language groups and the artificial ethnic separation of the past (apartheid), which discouraged people from freely mixing. Namibian musical practices can probably be generalized following three broad (yet culturally mixed) bands across the region. Cultural sharing, migrations, political history, and even agricultural practices are all inscribed upon bodies and revealed in dance and music. Much of the music is sung in groups, mostly with dance and sometimes drums. Most solo songs are either with bows, lamellophones, or unaccompanied. Traditional Namibian dances occur at events such as weddings and at traditional festivals such as the Caprivi Arts Festival. Folk music accompanies storytelling or dancing. The Nama people use various strings, flutes, and drums while the Bantu use xylophones, gourds, and horn trumpets.
Film
Before independence, American anthropologist John Marshall made ethnographic films of the Ju/'hoansi for over four decades from 1950 onwards, resulting in documentary films such as The Hunters (1957) and Nǃai, the Story of a ǃKung Woman (1980).
After independence, Namibian filmmakers have started to assert their own identity. Pioneers included Bridget Pickering, Richard Pakleppa, and Cecil Moller. They have been joined by a younger generation including Joel Haikali, Oshosheni Hiveluah, Perivi Katjavivi, Tim Huebschle, and Krischka Stoffels. In 2000, the Namibian government passed the Namibian Film Commission Act to promote filmmaking in the country.
Literature
Namibian literature before independence was really more an extension of the South African or German literary scene. After independence, at least initially, there was a movement to publish "Namibian" books and create a true "Namibian literature". Examples from that period are the works of Neshani Andreas, Mvula ya Nangolo and Peya Mushelenga. That impetus has since eased off a bit. Most literature in the indigenous languages consists of traditional tales, short stories, and novels written for schoolchildren. Published fiction, poetry, and autobiographical writings appear in both English and Afrikaans.
Cuisine
In the precolonial period, indigenous cuisine was characterized by the use of a very wide range of fruits, nuts, bulbs, leaves, and other products gathered from wild plants and by the hunting of game. The domestication of cattle in the region about two thousand years ago by Khoisan groups enabled the use of milk products and the availability of meat. However, during the colonial period, the seizure of communal land in Namibia helped to discourage traditional agriculture and reduced the extent of land available to indigenous people.
For agriculturalists, the staple foods are maize, millet and sorghum; for pastoralists, dairy products. Beans and greens are eaten with millet in the north, but otherwise few vegetables are grown or consumed. Hunting and gathering, more important in the past, still provides a dietary supplement for some. Meat is highly desired and eaten. Important occasions are marked by the slaughter of cattle or goats, and the consumption of meat, home-brewed beer, purchased beverages, and other foods. In some cultures, leftover meat is sent home with the guests.
Food in Namibian cultures:
Mielie meal
Kapana, grilled beef strips with hot spices
Omalodu (Traditional Beer)
Ombidi (Spinach)
Oshikundu drink
Pearl millet porridge (Oshifima)
Roselle / Mutete
Tripe (Also known as Afval, a type of edible lining from the stomachs of various farm animals)
Zambezi bream fish
Sport
Football is highly popular in Namibia. Most children grow up playing the game. Track and field is also a popular sport in the country. Many Namibians run daily chores that demand great physical efforts. Children in rural areas walk or run for long distances daily to reach school. The principal sports in Namibia are Football, Rugby, Cricket, Boxing, Track and field. The home stadium for all national teams is the Independence Stadium in Windhoek, while Sam Nujoma Stadium in Katutura is also occasionally used.
Education
Namibia has a controversial education history. During the time when the apartheid system was still in effect, it was designed to profit the territory's resident Whites. When Namibia was able to attain its independence, that was the only time that the government started to provide funding for the natives themselves. There was much improvement in the educational sector when independence was ratified. It was made by the government to be law. It was made compulsory for children between the ages of 6 and 16 to attend school in Namibian. The education that they have is provided for by the Namibian government however, the student's parents are to the front for the expenses of the uniforms, textbooks, and miscellaneous fees of the school. The government also has made provisions to extend education not only to men but also to women.
The Namibian constitution and Education Act (2001) frame the education system as the following: "compulsory school attendance exists for the seven years of primary school, respectively for children between the age of six ( 6 ) and sixteen (16). School fees are not allowed for primary education." These were six levels of education in Namibia: pre-primary, lower primary (grades 1–4), upper primary (grades 5–7), junior secondary (grades 8–10), senior secondary (grades 11 & 12), and tertiary (university) but the curriculum was revised in 2014 and implemented from 2015 .
The revised junior primary curriculum was implemented in January 2015 while the revised curriculum for the senior primary phase (grades 4–7) was implemented in 2016 and implementation of the revised curriculum for the Junior Secondary curriculum was: grade 8 in 2017, grade 9 in 2018. The revised curriculum for the senior secondary Phase for grade 10 was implemented in 2019 and for grade 11 in 2020. In the revised curriculum the junior primary phase is from Grade 1 to 3 while the senior primary phase is from Grade 4 to 7. The junior secondary phase, which consists of Grade 8 and 9, are required to write junior secondary semi-external examinations at the end of Grade 9 – similar to what the Grade 10 results were.
The senior secondary phase starts at Grade 10 and the National Senior Secondary Certificate Ordinary Level (NSSCO) is a two-year course, covered in Grade 10 and 11. Grade 11 is the first exit point in the senior secondary phase. Learners receive an internationally recognized National Senior Secondary Certificate Ordinary. Learners may choose to continue to grade 12, tertiary institutions, vocational education and training institutions, or into the job market. Upon completing grade 12, school leavers have an internationally recognized certificate, National Senior Secondary Certificate Higher Level, which gives them access to higher education institutions, or the job market.
, Namibia has 1,947 primary and secondary schools, up from 1,723 schools in 2013. These schools cater for a total of 822,574 pupils (2013: 24,660 teachers, 617,827 pupils). Most of the country experiences a shortage of schools, school hostels, and classroom space. Many Namibian schools are built in a uniform design that was suggested by the Chilean-born (turned Swedish citizen) architect Gabriel Castro, in the 1990s.
Universities and Colleges in Namibia
University of Namibia (UNAM)
Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST)
International University of Management (IUM)
Namibian College of Open Learning (NamCOL)
The University Centre for Studies In Namibia (TUCSIN)
Vocational Training centers
Namibian Institute of Mining and Technology (NIMT)
Rundu Vocational Training Centre, Rundu, Kavango Region
Valombola Vocational Training Centre, Ongwediva, Oshana Region
Windhoek Vocational Training Centre, Windhoek, Khomas Region
Zambezi Vocational Training Centre, Katima Mulilo, Zambezi Region
Eenhana Vocational Training Centre, Eenhana, Ohangwena Region
Nakayale Vocational Training Centre, Outapi, Omusati Region
Okakarara Vocational Training Centre, Okakarara, Otjozondjupa
References
Society of Namibia |
is a Japanese freelance journalist, a former senior researcher of Mainichi Shimbun Newspaper, and a professor emeritus at the University of Shizuoka.
Biography
Born and raised in Okayama prefecture, during his childhood he spent many hours at a secondhand bookstore near his home. The experience of reading the many books there whet his appetite for learning and influenced his decision to become a journalist educator and writer.
He attended Keio University and majored in economics and, upon graduating, worked for Kure Mainichi Shinbun (Newspaper) in 1973.
In July 1981, he was promoted to senior researcher at Mainichi Shimbun (Newspaper) headquarters. In April 1993, he became a professor at University of Shizuoka and taught journalism, media and international communications.
He retired in 2009 and is currently a freelance journalist and enjoys sea canoeing and fishing.
Books
Nippon Shikei Hakusyo (日本死刑白書, Japanese Death Penalty White Paper): 1982 ()
Ennzai To Gohan (冤罪と誤判, A criminal accusation and Wrong Judgement): 1982
Ayamatta Shikei (誤った死刑, the wrong death penalty): 1984 ()
Shinbun Kisya (新聞記者, News Paper Reporter): 1984 ()
Nihon Hanzai Zukan (日本犯罪図鑑, Japanese Crimes): 1985
Kijin Henjin Futujin(奇人・変人・フツー人): 1986
Hei Ha Kyouki nari, Sensou to Shinbun『兵は凶器なり・戦争と新聞』(Solder is a Weapon / War and News Paper): 1986 ()
Syouwa Cyoujin Kijin Katarogu(昭和超人奇人カタログ): 1990
Sakusesu Meigen Meikunsyu (サクセス名言明訓集): 1990
Shikei(死刑, Death Penalty): 1991
Genron Shi Shite Kuni Tuini Horobu, Sensou to Shinbun(言論死して国ついに亡ぶ・戦争と新聞): 1993 ()
Bijinesu Meigen Kai(ビジネス名言海): 1994
Media No Sensou Sekinin(メディアの戦争責任: 1995
Nippon Kijin Den(ニッポン奇人伝): 1996 ()
Media Kontororu, Nihon No Sensou Houdo(メディアコントロールー日本の戦争報道, Media Control – Japanese War Report): 2005 ()
Nippon Ijin Kikou Roku (ニッポン偉人奇行録): 2006 ()
"Syasetu" Senryou To Tandokukouwa(「写説」占領と単独講和):2006 ()
Taiheiyou Sensou To Shinbun (太平洋戦争と新聞, The Pacific War and News Paper): 2007 ()
Hyakujusya Hyakugo(百寿者百語): 2008 ()
References
"Media connivance in walking the dogs of war" by The Japan Times Online
External links
Official website
Official blog
Japanese journalists
Academic staff of the University of Shizuoka
1943 births
Keio University alumni
Living people
People from Okayama
Japanese non-fiction writers |
Flight of the Valkyries was an annual metal festival with editions held Saint Paul, Minnesota, and beginning in 2010, Baltimore, Maryland, in the United States. The festival was dedicated to metal bands with female lead vocalists.
In 2007 SwordLord Productions announced the first Flight of the Valkyries festival, dedicated to metal bands with female lead vocalists. Shortly after seeing the Minnesota promoter's festival announcement, Maryland-based promoter Bobbie Dickerson of BlackRoseMetalHeart Promotions contacted promoter Nathan Block of SwordLord Productions. The two immediately began working together to create and promote the US-based festival that showcased the talent and the diversity of women in the metal genre.
In 2010, the Flight of the Valkyries festival began to grow under the guidance and promotion of BlackRoseMetalHeart Promotions to include an east coast show, aptly titled FotV East. FotV East debuted in Baltimore at The Ottobar on November 6, 2010. The FotV East Mini-Fest showcased regional female-fronted metal acts, attempting to gather more east coast support for future FotV festivals in Baltimore. Due to the positive response to the first FotV East festival in 2010, another festival was planned for Baltimore in 2011 featuring more well-known national acts.
History
The festival debuted at Station 4 in St. Paul, Minnesota in June 2007 featuring bands Doro, Vainglory, Earthen, The Ottoman Empire (now known as Luna Mortis), Visideon, Spiritual Decay, and Sirens of Titan. In June 2008, the Flight of the Valkyries continued with its second installment featuring Unexpect, Shadowside, Benedictum, Dendura, Visideon, Earthen, Something to Fear, and Aria Sharp. In June 2009, Flight of the Valkyries held its third annual festival featuring Benedictum, Luna Mortis, Todesbonden (featuring Laurie Ann Haus), Hydrogyn, A.D.D., Sirens of Titan, Kaptivating Kate, Rott, and guest vocalist Nina Osegueda. Flight of the Valkyries moved to Baltimore in November 2010, now titled Flight of the Valkyries East.
Past line-ups
2007 - St. Paul
DORO (Germany)
Vainglory (Georgia, USA)
Earthen (Chicago, Illinois, USA)
Visideon (Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA)
The Ottoman Empire (Madison, Wisconsin, USA)
Spiritual Decay (Fort Wayne, Indiana, USA)
Sirens of Titan (Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA)
2008 - St. Paul
Unexpect (Canada)
Shadowside (Brazil)
Benedictum (San Diego, CA)
Visideon (Minneapolis, MN)
Dendura (Detroit/Grand Rapids, MI)
Earthen (Brookfield, IL)
Something to Fear (Minneapolis, MN)
Aria Sharp (Minneapolis, MN)
2009 - St. Paul
Benedictum (San Diego, CA/Arizona)
Luna Mortis (Madison, Wisconsin, USA)
Todesbonden (Maryland/DC/Virginia)
Hydrogyn (Kentucky)
A.D.D. (Illinois)
Sirens of Titan (Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA)
Kaptivating Kate (Wisconsin)
Rott (Idaho)
2010 - FotV East - Baltimore
Black Widow USA (Baltimore, Maryland)
Operatika (New Jersey)
River Runs Scarlet (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania)
A Sound of Thunder (Washington, DC)
[geist] (Baltimore, Maryland)
Suhgarim (Columbia, South Carolina)
Dying Design (Baltimore, Maryland)
Cassandra Syndrome (Frederick, Maryland)
2011 - FotV East - Baltimore
Benedictum
Echoterra
DesDemon
Brave
Flames of Fury
Serpent Witch
2012 - FotV 6 - Baltimore
A Sound of Thunder
MindMaze
Echoes Never Lie
Sekengard
Spellborne
2015 - FotV 7 - Baltimore
A Sound of Thunder
MindMaze
Echoes Never Lie
Sweet Suicide
Spellborne
2016 - FotV 8 - Baltimore
Sorrowseed
Dogs & Day Drinkers
Shokker
Novarium
Master Sword
References
External links
Official festival websites
https://web.archive.org/web/20190727164427/http://flightofthevalkyries.com/
http://www.femalemetalfest.us
http://www.fotvfest.com
Official social media
FotV on Facebook
FotV on MySpace
FotV Official Forum on Ultimate Metal
FotV on YouTube
FotV Last.FM Group
Heavy metal festivals in the United States
Music festivals established in 2007 |
Herkimer Home State Historic Site is a historic house museum in Herkimer County, New York, United States. Herkimer Home is in the north part of the Town of Danube, south of the Mohawk River.
The home was built in 1764 by Nicholas Herkimer, who died there in 1777 from wounds suffered in the Battle of Oriskany. He is also buried there. In 1834, the house was owned by Nicholas Herkimer's nephew, John Herkimer.
Services and activities
The site offers a picnic area, scenic views, a visitor center, tours, re-enactments, gardens, and hiking.
Attempted closure
In 2010, Democratic Governor David Paterson attempted to close the park due to budget cuts. Opposition to the closure was strong, and the park remained open.
See also
List of New York State Historic Sites
References
External links
Herkimer Home State Historic Site (Official site), at NYS OPRHP
Herkimer Home information
Herkimer Home, Danube, New York, in LandmarkSociety.org book
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
New York (state) historic sites
Museums in Herkimer County, New York
Historic house museums in New York (state)
Houses in Herkimer County, New York
Parks in Herkimer County, New York
Houses completed in 1764
1764 establishments in the Province of New York
National Register of Historic Places in Herkimer County, New York |
Abravan Rural District () is in Razaviyeh District of Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran.
At the National Census of 2006, its population was 13,561 in 3,165 households. There were 14,209 inhabitants in 3,823 households at the following census of 2011. At the most recent census of 2016, the population of the rural district was 14,905 in 4,288 households. The largest of its 35 villages was Narimani-ye Olya, with 2,483 people.
References
Mashhad County
Rural Districts of Razavi Khorasan Province
Populated places in Mashhad County |
Good Samaritan Medical Center or Good Samaritan Hospital is a 333-bed acute care hospital located in West Palm Beach, Florida.
History
The hospital opened in May 1920, replacing "Emergency Hospital" (which dated from about 1914), with 35 beds located on 12th street near the lakefront (now Palm Beach Lakes Boulevard) and Dixie Highway. Dr. William Ernest Van Landingham (1879-1973), a recent arrival and then secretary of the one-year-old Palm Beach County Medical Society, was a co-founder and the first administrator.
The Victor W. Farris Building was completed in 1988. Another building is called Flagler Waterway.
A brick building next to Burger King has been abandoned.
In 2001, Tenet Healthcare acquired the hospital (along with St. Mary's Hospital, also located in the county).
In 2009, the Hospital celebrated its 90th anniversary.
References
External links
Hospital buildings completed in 1920
Hospital buildings completed in 1988
Hospitals in Florida
Tenet Healthcare |
"You've Got It" is a song by the English soul and pop band Simply Red, released in October 1989 as the fourth and final single from their third studio album, A New Flame (1989). The song was written by the band's frontman Mick Hucknall and Lamont Dozier, and produced by Stewart Levine. It was a top-20 hit in Ireland, peaking at number 14. In the UK, the song peaked at number 46 on the UK Singles Chart, while reaching number 48 in Canada and 127 in Australia
Critical reception
Sian Pattenden from Smash Hits wrote, "This is another smoochy ballad all about lurve and that sort of stuff. The Red seem to have found their "niche" and are not afraid of repeating their winning formula with every other single released so, consequently, this isn't very adventurous. The guitars on this one are "sensitive" and Mick does sing with more reserve than usual, but try as he might, he sounds about as sensitive as a gravel mouthwash. Having said that, this could be a very big hit."
Track listing
7" single, Europe (1989)
"You've Got It" — 3:55
"Holding Back The Years" (Live Acoustic Version) — 3:41
CD mini, Europe (1989)
"You've Got It" — 3:58
"Holding Back The Years" (Live Acoustic Version) — 3:43
"I Wish" (Live) — 4:03
CD maxi-single, US (1989)
"You've Got It" (LP Version) — 3:54
"Holding Back The Years" (Live Acoustic) — 3:41
"I Know You Got Soul" — 4:05
"I Wish" — 4:01
Charts
References
1989 singles
1989 songs
Simply Red songs
Songs written by Mick Hucknall |
{{DISPLAYTITLE:C8H15NOS2}}
The molecular formula C8H15NOS2 (molar mass: 205.341 g/mol, exact mass: 205.0595 u) may refer to:
Lipoamide
6-(Methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate
Molecular formulas |
Nikolova may refer to:
The feminine of the Bulgarian surname Nikolov
12386 Nikolova, a Main-belt Asteroid |
FMBCapital Holdings Plc, also referred to as First Capital Bank Group, is a financial services holding company based in Mauritius. It operates commercial banks in the Southern African countries of Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe, which trade as First Capital Bank.
Overview
As of December 2021, the Group had assets of US$1.375 billion. At that time, the group held US$887.2 millions in customer deposits in five Southern African countries and employed over 1,770 staff. At that time, shareholders' equity was US$116.7 million.
History
FMBCapital Holdings was founded in Malawi in 1995 as First Merchant Bank by Hitesh Anadkat and his family, who partnered with Prime Bank of Kenya. It became Malawi's first private bank and was granted the third ever banking licence in Malawi. First Capital had a successful start and began to show profits after only two years of trading.
In the year 2000, First Capital wholly acquired the Leasing and Finance Company Malawi Limited, which has since been dissolved and merged into First Capital Bank Malawi. In 2008, First Capital led a consortium that was granted a banking licence in Botswana, leading to the establishment of First Capital Bank Botswana Limited. The bank expanded its regional footprint in 2013, with the acquisition of the ICB Banking Group's businesses in Malawi, Zambia and Mozambique.
First Capital listed on the Malawi Stock Exchange in 2009. In 2017, First Capital acquired 100 percent ownership in Opportunity Bank of Malawi. That same year, First Capital acquired a controlling stake in Barclays Bank of Zimbabwe. In December 2017, First Capital de-listed its shares from the Malawi Stock Exchange (MSE). The value of First Capital stock shares were acquired by the newly-created holding company, FMBCapital Holdings Plc, whose shares are now listed in the MSE.
Ownership
The shares of stock of FMBCapital holdings Plc are traded under the symbol FMBCH. As of 31 December 2018, the countries of origin of the shareholders is as illustrated in the table below.
Governance
The group is governed by a seven-person board of directors, comprising a non-executive chairman, four non-executive directors, and two executive directors. As of 2022, the group chairman is Terence Davidson and the group managing director is Jaco Viljoen. Hitesh Anadkat sits on the board as a non-executive director.
Subsidiaries
Te subsidiary companies of FMBCapital Holdings Plc include the following:
First Capital Bank Malawi Limited: 100% ownership, established June 1995.
First Capital Bank Botswana Limited: 42% ownership, established July 2008.
First Capital Bank Mozambique: 80% ownership, acquired June 2013.
First Capital Bank Zambia Limited: 49% ownership, acquired June 2013.
First Capital Bank Zimbabwe Limited: 62% ownership, acquired October 2017.
See also
List of banks in Botswana
List of banks in Malawi
List of banks in Mozambique
List of banks in Zambia
List of banks in Zimbabwe
References
External links
Official Website
Banks of Mauritius
Banks established in 2017
Companies based in Ebene, Mauritius
Companies listed on Malawi Stock Exchange
21st-century establishments in Mauritius |
Esad Kulović (1854 – 22 July 1917) was a Bosnian politician who served as the 4th Mayor of Sarajevo from 1905 to 1910. He was mayor during the Bosnian crisis of 1908.
Early life
Kulović was born to an old and prominent Bosniak family of Janissaries in the city of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, while it was part of the Ottoman Empire. His father was the only son of Sarajevo's qadi Sulejman Ruždija Kulović, after whom a street was named in Sarajevo in Ottoman times. Kulović was raised in the neighborhood which bore his father's name, and where he eventually built a large house.
Kulović was well-educated; in addition to his native Bosnian, he spoke Turkish, Arabic, Persian and French.
Politics
In 1884, he was elected the municipality representative of Sarajevo. Kulović became Mayor of Sarajevo in 1905. He was the mayor during the 1908 Bosnian crisis, when Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina from the Ottoman Empire. Kulović won a third term in office in the 1910 election by an "overwhelming" majority, but refused post, thus the position was handed over to 44-year-old Fehim Čurčić.
See also
List of mayors of Sarajevo
Bosnian crisis
References
1854 births
1917 deaths
Bosniaks of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Mayors of Sarajevo
People from the Ottoman Empire
People from Austria-Hungary |
There are only five Pillars of Islam that are universally accepted as the basis of Islamic practice. However, the Kharijites upheld the belief that Jihad may be considered the sixth pillar. In their interpretation, jihad could be an individual's internal struggle against baser instincts, the struggle to build a good Muslim society, or a war for the faith against unbelievers. Jihad is a vague term for the act of promoting Islam or improving observance of Islamic practices and may range from holy war to self-improvement.
In Twelver Shi'a Islam, the second-largest branch of Islam, jihad is one of the ten Practices of the Religion.
Jihad was brought up in controversial magazine Charlie Hebdo, which suffered a terrorist attack in 2015, stirred controversy with its coverage of Tariq Ramadan, with a headline that associated him with the Sixth Pillar of Islam. It was brought up since jihad is the pillar that sustains this type of practice in Islam.
References
Five Pillars of Islam |
Leptolaena masoalensis is a species of flowering plant in the Sarcolaenaceae family. It is found only in Madagascar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
References
masoalensis
Endemic flora of Madagascar
Critically endangered plants
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Flora of the Madagascar lowland forests |
Juozas Gabrys or Juozas Gabrys-Paršaitis (February 22, 1880 – July 26, 1951) was a Lithuanian politician and diplomat, best remembered for his efforts to popularize the idea of Lithuania's independence in the West during World War I.
Early life
Juozas Gabrys was born on February 22, 1880, in the town of Garliava, near the city of Kaunas, Lithuania. He went to the Garliava primary school starting at the age of seven. He graduated with a law degree from the University of Odessa in 1907.
Biography
Gabrys was a secretary of the Great Seimas of Vilnius during the 1905 Russian Revolution. He went into exile in 1907 to Paris. There, in 1911, he founded the Lithuanian Information Bureau. In 1912, he founded the Union des Nationalités. These two organizations supplied European powers with information on Lithuania and other exploited European countries that crusaded for human rights and freedom. In 1915, Gabrys moved from Paris to Lausanne, Switzerland. He started a campaign of political activities and held the first Lithuanian conferences during World War I to obtain freedom for Lithuania. His campaigns were financed by Lithuanian immigrants of the United States and the German Foreign Ministry. He published articles in more than fifty European newspapers for his campaigns, sometimes bribing editors to get them through. His greatest success in organization was the Congress of Nationalities held in Switzerland in 1916 with 400 representatives from 23 nationalities.
According to Alfred E. Senn, "Gabrys was undoubtedly the best known Lithuanian political figure on the European scene before 1916." During the time period of World War I, Gabrys hoped to secure independence for Lithuania. He communicated the cruel treatment the Lithuanians were receiving from the German military when they were occupying Lithuania to the French authorities. He also called upon the Allies of World War I for assisting against German occupation. Gabrys involved the Vatican in a worldwide collection of millions of Swiss francs for Lithuanian victims of war, which ultimately ended up in his personal bank accounts. He labelled himself "Count of Garlawa" in his memoirs. When the new Lithuanian government started at the end of 1918, Gabrys was not a political participant because of his disagreements with the government officials. Because of his German government contacts during World War I, he ultimately "became virtually an unperson" in Lithuanian history despite his efforts to liberate the country.
Later life
In 1919, with the help of the French, Gabrys unsuccessfully attempted to get a Lithuanian government position. From that point on, he dabbled in Lithuanian politics until he retired. In retirement, he became a gentleman-farmer in Switzerland. Gabrys died on 26 July 1951 at Corsier-sur-Vevey in Switzerland.
Works
Gabrys is the only leading Lithuanian liberation political advocate during World War I to write his memoirs in a Western language. His works include:
References
Bibliography
External links
1880 births
1951 deaths
Lithuanian politicians
Lithuanian expatriates in Switzerland
Odesa University alumni
People from Garliava
Lithuanian consuls |
Ajmer Sharif Dargah (also Ajmer Dargah Shareef, Ajmer Sharif or Dargah Sharif) is a Sufi Tomb (dargah) of the Sufi saint, Khawaja Moinuddin Chishti, located at Ajmer Shareef, Rajasthan, India.
Location
Ajmer Sharif Dargah is away from the main central Ajmer Railway station and 500 metres away from the Central Jail and is situated at the foot of the Taragarh hill.
Background
Moinuddin Chishti was a 13th-century Sufi saint and philosopher. Born in Sanjar (of modern-day Iran), or in Sijistan, he arrived in Delhi during the reign of the Sultan Iltutmish (d. 1236). Moinuddin moved from Delhi to Ajmer shortly thereafter, at which point he became increasingly influenced by the writings of the famous Sunni Hanbali scholar and mystic ʿAbdallāh Anṣārī (d. 1088), whose famous work on the lives of the early Islamic saints, the Ṭabāqāt al-ṣūfiyya, may have played a role in shaping Moinuddin's worldview. It was during his time in Ajmer that Moinuiddin acquired the reputation of being a charismatic and compassionate spiritual preacher and teacher; and biographical accounts of his life written after his death report that he received the gifts of many "spiritual marvels (karāmāt), such as miraculous travel, clairvoyance, and visions of angels" in these years of his life.
History
Moinuddin seems to have been unanimously regarded as a great saint after his passing. The tomb (dargāh) of Muʿīn al-Dīn became a deeply venerated site in the century following the preacher's death in March 1236. Honoured by members of all social classes, the tomb was treated with great respect by the era's most important Sunni rulers. The 13th-century Sultan of Delhi Iltutmish paid a famous visit to the tomb in 1232 to commemorate the memory of the saint. In a similar way, the later Mughal Emperor Akbar (d. 1605) visited the shrine no less than fourteen times during his reign. He also made a pilgrimage to this tomb in 1566, with his Hindu consort, Mariam-uz-Zamani barefoot in the hopes of having sons born to them. He also reconstructed the tomb's sanctum sanctorum in 1579. Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Jahanara later renovated the structure. An elegant covering over the dargah was constructed in 1800 by the Maharaja of Baroda.
Local and national rulers came to pray here, the dargah grew in popularity and size over the years. Razia Sultana, Nasiruddin Mahmud, Muhammad bin Tughluq, Sher Shah Suri, and Akbar, Mariam-uz-Zamani and his descendants Jahangir, Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb, Dara Shikoh and Jahanara Begum were known to have visited the shrine.
In the present day, the tomb of Moinuddin Chishti continues to be one of the most popular sites of religious visitation for Sunni Muslims in the Indian subcontinent, with over "hundreds of thousands of people from all over the Indian sub-continent assembling there on the occasion of [the saint's] ʿurs or death anniversary." Additionally, the site also attracts many Hindus, who have also venerated the Islamic saint since the medieval period.
In 2019, the Hindustan Zinc Limited decided to renovate the complex under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, including many plans specifically targeted at sanitation and hygiene.
Architecture
The white marble dome of Chishti's shrine, as seen today, was built in 1532. This date is inscribed in golden letters on the Northern wall of the dargah. It is an example of Indo-Islamic architecture and the dome features a lotus and a crown of gold, donated by Rampur's Nawab Haider Ali Khan. It is located in the Ihaata Noorani () of the complex. Materials used to build it include marble, brick and sandstone. The dargah has a royal darbar, Mehfil Khana, that was constructed in 1888. It is a square structure and has a patterned ceiling. Jahanara Begum donated the dargah's left facet (Begumi Dalaan), the railing around the dargah and also constructed a small platform, the Begumi Chabutra. The sanctum of the dargah has two doors. The canopy made of mother-of-pearl and silver was commissioned by Jahangir and is visible from the cenotaph's four silver posts. The ceiling is etched with gold and in 1888, the walls were gilded.
The complex has multiple structures and has eight entrance gates. However, only three of these are in use. The Nizam Gate, a yellow structure with floral designs, is the main gate and was donated by the 7th Nizam of Hyderabad Mir Osman Ali Khan in 1911. An older gate, the Shahjahani Gate, was donated by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. It marked the expansion of the shrine complex beyond the Buland Darwaza, built by Sultan Mahmud Khalji. Other gates include the Madar Gate and the Delhi Gate. The Jannati Darwaza is a door made of silver that is used only on rare occasions. It is also referred to as the Bihisti Darwaza.
The complex has eight tombs besides that of Chishti, belonging to members of his family. Some of these include Chishti's daughter Bibi Hafiza Jamal and Nizam Sikka, who was a water-carrier who saved Humayun's life. A huge chandelier, Sahn Chirag, was commissioned by Akbar. The Ahaat-e-Noor is a large courtyard where religious functions are held and qawwalis are sung. Near the Nizam Gate is the Naqqar Khana () where music was once played from to greet visitors. A large silver chandelier was donated by the Golden Temple. The Akbari Mosque is made of red sandstone and was probably commissioned by Akbar. A more elegant mosque was commissioned by Shah Jahan in 1637 and is called the Jami Masjid. It is made of white marble. The Sandali Masjid was constructed by Aurangzeb. The complex also has a Langar Khana and a Mahfil Khana (assembly hall for qawwals, opened only during the urs). The Jhalara is a natural tank of water that is used by pilgrims. Other tanks were donated by Shah Jahan and Queen Mary of Teck in 1911.
The Jami Masjid is located to the west of the dargah, while the large marble courtyard is located on its eastern side. The Arhat-i-Noor is an enclosure restricted to women that is located on the southern side and houses the tombs of Chishti's daughter and granddaughter. More than 40 graves lie behind the Jami Masjid.
In 1568, Akbar donated a deeg (cauldron) to the dargah since he made a wish to donate it after winning the battle of Chittorgarh. The deeg was made of an alloy of seven metals, one of which was brought from Colombo, Sri Lanka. The diameter of the deeg is 20 feet. The rim of the deeg was made in such a way that it never gets hot even while the bottom of the deeg is ignited and the food is being cooked. The deeg was brought on elephants as three separate parts and the three parts were reassembled there. This deeg is the biggest deeg in the world. Akbar himself prepared the first dish in this deeg, tasted it and shared it with other fakirs near the dargah. The smaller deeg was donated by Jahangir as a part of family tradition.
Culture
The dargah has been a site for pilgrims venerated by followers of Hinduism and Islam since medieval times. Pilgrims come here from around the world and offer chaddars (sacred sheets) to the shrine. Pilgrims also offer rose petals, which total up to seven tonnes per day. Women are allowed to enter the dargah. It has been estimated that around 20,000 pilgrims visit the site every day. After pilgrims exit the shrine, photographers from photo studios offer professional photos of the pilgrims at rates as cheap as 20. Most of these photographers are Hindus who migrated to Ajmer during the Partition of India.
For the langar of the shrine, Akbar and Jahangir donated degh () in 1568 and 1614, respectively. These two degh are in use even today, as the dargah is known for its degh ka khana (). This is made of rice, ghee, cashew nuts, almonds and raisins. People undergo the Islamic ritual purification of wudu, in which pilgrims wash their face, hands and feet prior to offering namaz. The street approaching the dargah is well-known for its food, craft items and gota work.
The daily rituals at the dargah are mainly the five mandatory prayers of Muslims, the namaz. At sunset, there is the ceremony of the Dua-e-Roshni (), in which large yellow candles are carried to the darbar by the khadims. Following the prayers at night, qawwalis are sung, after which all visitors are asked to leave. Three khadims then clean the durbar with brooms made of peacock feathers. After the last person is out of the shrine, the qawwals recite the Karka, which is a musical verse in Sanskrit, Brij and Persian. The dargah is then locked and reopened only for the next day's pre-dawn prayer.
Some attribute the influence of Islam on Indian culture to have begun from the dargah, including in Tansen's music; the tolerance practiced by Salim Chishti, Abul Fazl and Abul Faizi; and in Indo-Saracenic architecture. It has been the tradition to source the incense, sandalwood paste and ittar used in the dargah from a Brahmin family, right from the times of Chishti. One shrine in the dargah complex is revered by Sikhs.
Urs Sharif festival
The death anniversary of Moinuddin Chishti, the urs, is not mourned and is celebrated since it is the day the disciple is reunited with his maker (Allah). The celebrations begin with the end of the Islamic month of Jumada al-Thani and conclude on the sixth day of the month of Rajab, a total of six days. Members of Bhilwara's Gori family march through the city towards the Nizam gate and hoist the flag on the Buland Darwaza, marking the beginning of the festival. Following this, the urs rituals begin with the sighting of the moon. This is followed by the Aser ki Namaz. Every night a mehfil-i-sama takes place at the Mahfil Khana of the complex, in which women are allowed to participate (which is not common in a dargah). The urs end with the Qul, the final prayer. During this period, pilgrims attempt to enter the dargah as many times as possible and make their prayers. The Bihisti Darwaza(made of silver) is washed with rose water by pilgrims in the afternoon. It is believed that touching it guarantees one a place in Heaven. It is believed that roses offered to the dargah during the festival are sourced from Pushkar.
About five lakh people, the approximate population of the city of Ajmer, come to attend the urs. About 2700 buses of pilgrims enter the city. The Indian Railways launches a special train service, the Garib Nawaz trains, to facilitate transport for pilgrims around the country. Vishram Sthali in the Kayad locality of Ajmer serves as a place for lakhs of pilgrims to stay during this time, although every kind of accommodation is occupied with the sheer number of pilgrims. In March 2020, it was announced that a large guest house, Rubath, would be constructed in Ajmer for the same.
Major events
Chadar offerings
Various Public figure sent 'chadar' during the Urs.
A red and green ‘chadar’ offered by the United States Embassy on behalf of US President Barack Obama and the people of the country was presented at the Ajmer Sharif Dargah on the occasion of the 803rd Urs with a message of ‘deepest friendship’ and ‘peace’.
Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal sent a 'chadar' offered at the dargah of Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti in Ajmer on the occasion of the Sufi saint's 809th Urs on Wednesday and prayed for the end of COVID-19.
Congress leader Rahul Gandhi met a delegation of the Congress Minority Department in the presence of its National Chairman Imran Pratapgarhi and others and sent a chadar for the 810th Urs of Ajmer Sharif Dargah.
Chadar by Afghan President Ashraf Ghani for Ajmer Sharif arrived from Kabul and was offered at the Dargah in 2021.
In 2015, Prime Minister Narendra Modi handed over a 'chadar' offered at the Ajmer Sharif dargah, in a meeting with Muslim clerics on 808th Urs of Moinuddin Chisty.
1992 Ajmer rape case
Some members of the Khadim family who are caretakers of the Ajmer Dargah, led by Farooq and Nafis Chishty committed a series of rapes in Ajmer city, now known as the infamous Ajmer rape case. They groomed young girls, took their photos to blackmail them and forced them to bring their friends into the same situation. This lurid saga of gangrape and blackmail is reported to have impacted around 250 girls.
2007 bombing
On 11 October 2007, an explosion occurred in Dargah Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti's courtyard in Ajmer in Rajasthan. It was the holy fasting period of Ramazan and evening prayers had just ended. A crowd had gathered at the courtyard to break their fast. A bomb was placed inside a tiffin carrier went off. Reports said the blast claimed 7 lives and injured 17.
Special Judge Dinesh Gupta's nearly 500-page judgment was based on testimonies of 149 witnesses and 451 document submitted to his court.
On 22 March 2017, the National Investigation Agency (NIA) Special Court, sentenced two murderers named Bhavesh Patel and Davendra Gupta to life imprisonment, who were convicted along with Sunil Joshi, all of them ex-pracharaks of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. Those convicted were held guilty under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act, Explosives Act and various sections of Indian Penal Code.
Call for beheading
On 5 July 2022, Salman Chishti, a cleric at the Dargah, was arrested after he allegedly called for the beheading of suspended Bharatiya Janata Party spokesperson Nupur Sharma for her remarks against Muhammad.
In popular culture
The 1973 Indian film Mere Gharib Nawaz, directed by G. Ishwar, centres around a family who overcomes adversities through their piety at the shrine of Moinuddin Chishti in Ajmer. Other Indian films revolving around the dargah and the saint include Sultan E Hind (1973) by K. Sharif, Mere Data Garib Nawaz (1994) by M Gulzar Sultani.
Gallery
See also
Nizamuddin Dargah
Shah Jalal Dargah
Shrine of Baba Farid
Turabul Haq Dargah
Ajmer rape case
Footnotes
References
Citations
Bibliography
Further reading
External links
Dargahs in India
Tourist attractions in Ajmer
Religious buildings and structures in Rajasthan
Religious tourism in India
Chishti Order
Sufi shrines in India |
Taare Zameen Par is an Indian kids singing reality show on StarPlus. It premiered on 2 November 2020 and ended on 30 January 2021. The series was hosted by the child actress Aakriti Sharma and singer Sugandha Mishra with Shankar Mahadevan, Jonita Gandhi and Tony Kakkar as the mentors.
Format
The singing show was initially designed for 20 children who are mentored throughout their progress without elimination process till finale. However, after few weeks, the show had a change its format and follows the elimination process where each day one low scorer is selected and every Saturday all low scorers compete to make their place. On that day, the lowest scorer is eliminated.
Audition
The auditions were held digitally in the month of March 2020 where first 500 participants were recognised.
Mentors
The show had composer and singer Shankar Mahadevan, playback singer Jonita Gandhi and composer, lyricist, singer and producer Tony Kakkar for mentorship.
Production
The title of the series was taken from Aamir Khan's 2007 film Taare Zameen Par after getting rights from them.
In conversation with The Times of India, Sugandha said, "I share a strong connection with kids and really enjoy being around them. I decided to be part of the show because of its unique concept. I thoroughly enjoy hosting as much as I love acting and over the years, I have developed a certain penchant for hosting television shows. I am happy to be a part of a prestigious show and looking forward to witnessing some of the finest performances in this show by a set of equally dynamic kids.”
Season 1
Judges
Tony KakkarJonita GandhiShankar Mahadevan
Host
Sugandha MishraAakriti Sharma
Top 20 Contestants
Guests
Udit Narayan
Rupali Ganguly as Anupamaa
Mika Singh
Devoleena Bhattacharjee as Gopi Modi
Rupal Patel as Kokila Modi
Bhoomi Trivedi
Gurdeep Singh
Shaan
Siddharth Mahadevan
Shivam Mahadevan
Zeenat Aman
Richa Sharma
Badshah
Kanika Kapoor
Terence Lewis
Hemant Brijwasi
Sonakshi Kar
L. V. Revanth
Neha Kakkar
Rohanpreet Singh
Afsana Khan
Anjana Padmanabhan
Sukhwinder Singh
See also
Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs
Superstar Singer
The Voice India Kids
Indian Idol Junior
Love Me India
References
Hindi-language television shows
2020 Indian television series debuts
Indian reality television series |
```c++
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at path_to_url
//
// See path_to_url for documentation.
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef BOOST_INTERPROCESS_DETAIL_ADAPTIVE_NODE_POOL_HPP
#define BOOST_INTERPROCESS_DETAIL_ADAPTIVE_NODE_POOL_HPP
#ifndef BOOST_CONFIG_HPP
# include <boost/config.hpp>
#endif
#
#if defined(BOOST_HAS_PRAGMA_ONCE)
# pragma once
#endif
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/config_begin.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/workaround.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/utilities.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/math_functions.hpp>
#include <boost/intrusive/set.hpp>
#include <boost/intrusive/slist.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/mem_algo/detail/mem_algo_common.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/allocators/detail/node_tools.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/allocators/detail/allocator_common.hpp>
#include <cstddef>
#include <boost/config/no_tr1/cmath.hpp>
#include <boost/container/detail/adaptive_node_pool_impl.hpp>
#include <boost/assert.hpp>
//!\file
//!Describes the real adaptive pool shared by many Interprocess pool allocators
namespace boost {
namespace interprocess {
namespace ipcdetail {
template< class SegmentManager
, std::size_t NodeSize
, std::size_t NodesPerBlock
, std::size_t MaxFreeBlocks
, unsigned char OverheadPercent
>
class private_adaptive_node_pool
: public boost::container::container_detail::private_adaptive_node_pool_impl
< typename SegmentManager::segment_manager_base_type
, ::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::size_ordered |
::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::address_ordered
>
{
typedef boost::container::container_detail::private_adaptive_node_pool_impl
< typename SegmentManager::segment_manager_base_type
, ::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::size_ordered |
::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::address_ordered
> base_t;
//Non-copyable
private_adaptive_node_pool();
private_adaptive_node_pool(const private_adaptive_node_pool &);
private_adaptive_node_pool &operator=(const private_adaptive_node_pool &);
public:
typedef SegmentManager segment_manager;
typedef typename base_t::size_type size_type;
static const size_type nodes_per_block = NodesPerBlock;
//Deprecated, use node_per_block
static const size_type nodes_per_chunk = NodesPerBlock;
//!Constructor from a segment manager. Never throws
private_adaptive_node_pool(segment_manager *segment_mngr)
: base_t(segment_mngr, NodeSize, NodesPerBlock, MaxFreeBlocks, OverheadPercent)
{}
//!Returns the segment manager. Never throws
segment_manager* get_segment_manager() const
{ return static_cast<segment_manager*>(base_t::get_segment_manager_base()); }
};
//!Pooled shared memory allocator using adaptive pool. Includes
//!a reference count but the class does not delete itself, this is
//!responsibility of user classes. Node size (NodeSize) and the number of
//!nodes allocated per block (NodesPerBlock) are known at compile time
template< class SegmentManager
, std::size_t NodeSize
, std::size_t NodesPerBlock
, std::size_t MaxFreeBlocks
, unsigned char OverheadPercent
>
class shared_adaptive_node_pool
: public ipcdetail::shared_pool_impl
< private_adaptive_node_pool
<SegmentManager, NodeSize, NodesPerBlock, MaxFreeBlocks, OverheadPercent>
>
{
typedef ipcdetail::shared_pool_impl
< private_adaptive_node_pool
<SegmentManager, NodeSize, NodesPerBlock, MaxFreeBlocks, OverheadPercent>
> base_t;
public:
shared_adaptive_node_pool(SegmentManager *segment_mgnr)
: base_t(segment_mgnr)
{}
};
} //namespace ipcdetail {
} //namespace interprocess {
} //namespace boost {
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/config_end.hpp>
#endif //#ifndef BOOST_INTERPROCESS_DETAIL_ADAPTIVE_NODE_POOL_HPP
``` |
Birami is a panchayat village in Rajasthan, India, on the right (north) bank of the Luni River. Administratively, it is under Luni Taluka, Jodhpur district, Rajasthan.
There are four villages in the Birami gram Panchayat: Birami, Birdawas, Miyasani, and Peethasani.
Indian cricketer Ravi_Bishnoi also belong to birami village.
Geography
The village of Birami is 32 km by road southeast of the city of Jodhpur, located between the Mitri River to the north, and the Luni River to the south, just 4 km upstream (east) of the confluence of the two rivers. As the village is at the eastern edge of the Thar Desert, the rivers only run in monsoon season. The nearest railway station is at Tanawara, 30 km by road to the west.
Demographics
In the 2001 census, the village of Birami had 1,790 inhabitants, with 944 males (52.7%) and 846 females (47.3%), for a gender ratio of 896 females per thousand males.
Points of interest
The temple of Bhuwal mata is located in Birami village.
Notes
External links
Villages in Jodhpur district |
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
~ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
~ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
~
~ path_to_url
~
~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-->
<sql-cases>
<!-- TODO Fix me. -->
<!-- <sql-case id="create_procedure" value="CREATE PROCEDURE insert_data(a integer, b integer)-->
<!-- LANGUAGE SQL-->
<!-- AS $$-->
<!-- INSERT INTO tbl VALUES (a);-->
<!-- INSERT INTO tbl VALUES (b);-->
<!-- $$" db-types="PostgreSQL,openGauss" />-->
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_parameters" value="CREATE PROCEDURE HumanResources.uspGetEmployees
@LastName NVARCHAR(50),
@FirstName NVARCHAR(50)
AS
SELECT FirstName, LastName, JobTitle, Department
FROM HumanResources.vEmployeeDepartment
WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName;" db-types="SQLServer" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_declare_without_at" value="CREATE PROCEDURE proc (ofs INT, count INT) BEGIN DECLARE i INT DEFAULT ofs; WHILE i < count DO SELECT i AS i; IF LOWER(CHAR(i USING utf8) COLLATE utf8_tolower_ci) != LOWER(CHAR(i USING utf8mb4) COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_as_ci) THEN SELECT i AS 'found funny character'; END IF; SET i = i + 1; END WHILE; END" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_declare_and_view" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953() BEGIN DECLARE i INT; CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT i; END" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select" value="CREATE PROCEDURE p1() CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT * FROM t1" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_double_select" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953() CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT 1 FROM (SELECT 1) AS d1" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select_lowercase" value="create procedure p1() create view v1 as select * from t1" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select_i" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953(i INT) CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT i" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select_into" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953() CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT 1 INTO @a" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select_into_dumpfile" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953() CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT 1 INTO DUMPFILE "file"" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select_into_outfile" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953() CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT 1 INTO OUTFILE "file"" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_sqlexception_and_create_view" value="create procedure p() begin declare continue handler for sqlexception begin end; create view a as select 1; end" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_deterministic_create_view" value="create procedure p1 () deterministic begin create view v1 as select 1; end;" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_update_statement_oracle" value="CREATE PROCEDURE update_order (order_id NUMBER,status NUMBER) AS var NUMBER(1, 0) := 0; BEGIN UPDATE t_order SET status = status WHERE order_id = order_id;END;" db-types="Oracle" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_prepare_commit" value="CREATE DEFINER=`sys_data`@`%` PROCEDURE `TEST1` (a VARCHAR(64),b VARCHAR(64),c VARCHAR(64),d VARCHAR(8),e INT) BEGIN DECLARE f VARCHAR(8); SET f=DATE_FORMAT(DATE_ADD((STR_TO_DATE(d,'%Y%m%d')),INTERVAL -(e) MONTH),'%Y%m%d'); SET @aaa=CONCAT('delete from ',a,'.',b,' where ',c,'<=',f,' or ', c,'<> LAST_DAY(',c,')', 'or ',c,'=', d); PREPARE stmt FROM @aaa; EXECUTE stmt; COMMIT; DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt; END" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_cursor_definition" value="CREATE OR REPLACE EDITIONABLE PROCEDURE my_proc AS cursor cursor1 is select distinct a from tbl; var1 varchar2(500); var2 varchar2(500); BEGIN INSERT INTO t VALUES (var1, var2); END;" db-types="Oracle" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_collection_type_definition" value="CREATE OR REPLACE EDITIONABLE PROCEDURE my_proc AS TYPE my_type is table of my_table.id%TYPE; BEGIN INSERT INTO t VALUES (var1, var2); END;" db-types="Oracle" />
<sql-case id="create_plsql_block" value="DECLARE warehouse NUMBER := 1; ground NUMBER := 1; insured NUMBER := 1; result NUMBER; BEGIN SELECT BIN_TO_NUM(warehouse, ground, insured) INTO result FROM DUAL; UPDATE orders SET order_status = result WHERE order_id = 2441; END;" db-types="Oracle" />
</sql-cases>
``` |
Edda Manga (born 1969) is a Swedish historian of ideas, speaker and debator. Manga won the Clioprize in 2004 for her doctorate thesis Gudomliga uppenbarelser och demoniska samlag ("Divine revelations and demonic intercourses"). She was a summer host on Sveriges Radio P1 during Sommar i P1 on 14 June 2004. In 2011 she together with her husband was a speaker at the summer camp of the Communist Party in Sweden, though she is not a member. Since January 2016 she works as a researcher at Mångkulturellt centrum (tr: Multicultural center). Edda Manga is active in public debates and is a defender of Muslim women in Sweden to wear the hijab. She has in turn been criticised for trivialising the issue of women as victims of violent honor cultures in Sweden.
Gaza flotilla
Manga is married to historian Mattias Gardell. They were aboard MV Mavi Marmara as part of the flotilla which tried to break the Israeli embargo of the Gaza strip, before Israeli armed forces attacked the flotilla on the morning of 31 May 2010. Manga was deported from Israel and landed in Sweden on 3 June along with her husband and other Swedish left-wing activists. She denied allegations of IHH being a militant Islamist organisation, saying "They are not turkish islamists. They are a muslim organisation working with humanitarian aid in 143 countries." She further called the Israeli action irrational.
Works
Slöjor, Authors Elin Berge, Edda Manga, Atlas, 2006,
Gudomliga uppenbarelser och demoniska samlag Glänta produktion, 2003,
Santas visiones y pecados extraordinarios Cecilia Rodríguez, Editor Edda Manga, Göteborgs universitet, 2002,
References
External links
eddamanga - Personal weblog
1969 births
Living people
21st-century Swedish historians
Swedish women historians |
Sistina Software was a US company that focused on storage solutions designed around a Linux platform. It originated in the University of Minnesota.
Their three primary offerings were Global File System (GFS), logical volume management (LVM) and device mapper (DM).
Sistina Software was acquired by Red Hat in December, 2003 for $31 million in stock. After acquisition GFS was merged into Red Hat Cluster Suite and open sourced.
GFS
GFS is a cluster file system on Linux that allows servers to transparently access a single file system on a storage area network (SAN). Its highlights are performance and reliability (journaling filesystem, scalability through parallelism, etc.).
LVM
LVM has become a part of the Linux kernel. It is a subsystem which allows arbitrary physical storage to be recognized as a virtual disk device. The physical storage can be remote, or it can even consist of multiple physical devices, but LVM abstracts those distinctions away from the operating system user. LVM also provides services for backing up data.
References
Red Hat |
Kordabad (, also Romanized as Kordābād and Kardabad) is a village in Rud Pish Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 336, in 83 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County |
The NZASM 40 Tonner 0-6-2T of 1892 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.
In 1892 and 1893, the Nederlandsche-Zuid-Afrikaansche Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NZASM) of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (Transvaal Republic) placed twenty locomotives in mainline service. Since the railway classified its locomotives according to their weight, these locomotives were known as the .
Manufacturer
Although the completion of the line from Delagoa Bay to Pretoria was still more than three years in the future, a requirement for larger and heavier mainline locomotives was identified in 1891. The Nederlandsche-Zuid-Afrikaansche Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NZASM) therefore ordered ten tank locomotives from Emil Kessler's Maschinenfabrik Esslingen. A second order for another ten followed later in 1891.
The first batch of locomotives were delivered in 1892, numbered in the range from 41 to 50. Of the second batch, numbered in the range from 51 to 60, the last seven were built in 1892. Since the NZASM classified its locomotives according to their weight, these locomotives were known as the . In addition to being numbered, they were all named as well, with the names and numbers cast in brass and mounted on their tank sides.
Characteristics
The locomotive used Murdoch's D unbalanced slide valves, arranged horizontally above the cylinders outside the plate frames and actuated by Heusinger valve gear. These valves caused considerable wear on motion pins and were later replaced by Trick ported balanced slide valves.
The boiler barrel was built up in three rings, arranged telescopically, with the smallest diameter at the firebox end. The rings were lap-jointed and double riveted on longitudinal seams. These boilers had a long life and required little expense in repairs. Five cross-stays were fitted in the steam space above the firebox. The safety valves were arranged above the firebox inside the cab, while a steam escape pipe was fitted above the valves and passed through the roof.
The exhaust had an Adams' Vortex pattern annular nozzle. While this presented additional surface to the blast, the annular orifice had a tendency to become clogged, which increased back pressure, and the exhaust pipes therefore frequently had to be taken out for cleaning. As delivered, the locomotive had thick wooden buffer beams which were later replaced by thick steel plates.
The distance between the locomotive's tyres, i.e. between the wheel flanges on the axle, was . This was greater than for engines of the Cape Government Railways and Natal Government Railways and, although the flanges were somewhat thinner, the resulting tightness to gauge was blamed for the rather high rate of flange wear. To obtain greater life from the leading coupled wheels, they were occasionally exchanged with the trailing coupled wheels during overhauls.
The original coupled axles were in diameter and were inclined to fracture. This was remedied by increasing the diameter to on new axles. The trailing wheels also proved to be troublesome. The trailing wheels and axle were of the radial type and were attached directly to the frame, which gave the locomotive a rigid wheelbase. The problem arose as a result of insufficient sideward freedom of movement of the trailing axle when the locomotive traversed sharp curves and diverging points.
Service
NZASM
The 40 Tonners were found to be satisfactory in service, but the absence of leading carrying wheels resulted in a rough ride.
Selati Railway
In June 1890, Eugene, the younger of the Barons Oppenheim, sought to obtain a concession from the Government of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek to construct a railway line to the Murchison Range goldfields along the Selati River. Work on the construction of the Selati Railway in the Transvaal Lowveld began early in 1893, with the line branching off from the Pretoria-Delagoa Bay mainline at a junction near Komatipoort. The two locomotives Durban and Pietermaritzburg were purchased from the Natal Government Railways for use during construction, as well as two 40 Tonners which were acquired from the NZASM.
The project was abandoned in 1894, due to financial difficulties as well as a dispute which arose with the NZASM over the chosen route. Work on the railway was only resumed and completed by the Central South African Railways (CSAR) in 1909. The line was then extended via Gravelotte and Tzaneen to a junction at Soekmekaar, where it met the line from Pietersburg to Messina in 1912. In 1963, the part of the line through the southern part of the Kruger National Park, from the junction near Komatipoort, was abandoned and replaced by a new line from the present junction near Kaapmuiden.
Imperial Military Railways
In 1899, during the Second Boer War, all railway operations in the two Boer Republics, the ZAR and the Orange Free State, were taken over by the Imperial Military Railways (IMR). Nineteen of the survived the war.
Central South African Railways
At the end of the war, when the IMR was transformed into the CSAR, the nineteen surviving 40 Tonners were designated Class A and renumbered in the range from 1 to 19. None survived in railway service to be taken onto the South African Railways roster in 1912.
Works numbers
The 40 Tonner engine numbers, names, works numbers and years built are listed in the table.
Illustration
The main picture shows no. 50, the S.W. Burger, on a mixed train at Komatipoort. The picture of the same engine below offers a side view of the 40 Tonner locomotive.
The second picture below offers an overhead view of a 40 Tonner, either no. 55 Van Riebeeck or no. 57 Pretorius, after the Braamfontein disaster of 1896. One of the worst explosions in the history of South Africa occurred at Braamfontein station, Johannesburg, on 19 February 1896. An explosives train carrying between 56 and 60 tons of dynamite, which had been standing in searing heat for 3½ days, was struck by a shunting train and exploded. The blast left a crater long, wide and deep and was heard in Klerksdorp, away. The exact number of casualties was never ascertained, but at least 62 people were killed and more than 200 seriously injured. Surrounding suburbs as far as Fordsburg were partially destroyed. Some 3,000 people lost their homes and almost every window in the town was shattered.
References
0830
0-6-2 locomotives
C1 locomotives
0-6-2T locomotives
Esslingen locomotives
Cape gauge railway locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1892
1892 in South Africa
Scrapped locomotives |
```lua
cflags{'-Wall'}
pkg.hdrs = copy('$outdir/include', '$srcdir', {'bzlib.h'})
lib('libbz2.a', {
'blocksort.c',
'huffman.c',
'crctable.c',
'randtable.c',
'compress.c',
'decompress.c',
'bzlib.c'
})
exe('bzip2', {'bzip2.c', 'libbz2.a'})
file('bin/bzip2', '755', '$outdir/bzip2')
man{'bzip2.1'}
sym('bin/bzcat', 'bzip2')
fetch 'git'
``` |
Agyneta emertoni is a species of sheet weaver found in Canada. It was described by Roewer in 1942.
References
emertoni
Spiders of Canada
Spiders described in 1942 |
Earl Daniel Desmond (August 26, 1895 – May 26, 1958) was a United States Democratic politician.
Desmond was born in Sacramento, California, and during World War I he served in the United States Army. He subsequently became a member of the California legislature for the 19th District and in 1941 was Speaker pro Tem of the California State Assembly.
Desmond is chiefly remembered for his efforts in relation to the establishment of California State University, Sacramento, in 1947. Desmond convinced the Senate's finance committee to withhold funding for the University of California until he had a commitment. Eleven of his own children and grandchildren graduated from the university, which, in recognition of his contribution, named one of its halls of residence after him.
Earl D. Desmond died in office at Sacramento, aged 62. His son, Louis N. Desmond (1926-2012), later served as Deputy District Attorney, Sacramento County.
References
United States Army personnel of World War I
1895 births
1958 deaths
20th-century American politicians
Democratic Party members of the California State Assembly
Democratic Party California state senators |
Clarence Fulton Secondary is a public high school in Vernon, British Columbia part of School District 22 Vernon. It is named after Clarence Fulton, former principal of several Vernon schools. Previously there was another high school named Fulton Secondary located beside Polson Park before being replaced by the current school in 1993 located in the Okanagan Landing area.
Notable alumni
James Green, CFL player
References
High schools in British Columbia
Schools in the Okanagan
High schools in Vernon, British Columbia
Educational institutions established in 1964
1964 establishments in British Columbia |
```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import datetime
import time
import threading
from app.base.logger import log
class TPCron(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__(name='tp-cron-thread')
import builtins
if '__tp_cron__' in builtins.__dict__:
raise RuntimeError('TPCron object exists, you can not create more than one instance.')
# jobsession_id f(), t(), i()
self._jobs = dict()
self._lock = threading.RLock()
self._stop_flag = False
def init(self):
return True
def add_job(self, name, func, first_interval_seconds=None, interval_seconds=60):
# first_interval None
# interval
with self._lock:
if name in self._jobs:
return False
self._jobs[name] = {'f': func, 't': 0, 'i': interval_seconds}
_now = int(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp())
if first_interval_seconds is not None:
self._jobs[name]['t'] = _now + first_interval_seconds - interval_seconds
def stop(self):
self._stop_flag = True
self.join()
log.v('{} stopped.\n'.format(self.name))
def run(self):
while not self._stop_flag:
time.sleep(1)
with self._lock:
_now = int(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp())
for j in self._jobs:
# log.v('--now: {}, job-name: {}, job-t: {}, job-i: {}\n'.format(_now, j, self._jobs[j]['t'], self._jobs[j]['i']))
if _now - self._jobs[j]['t'] >= self._jobs[j]['i']:
self._jobs[j]['t'] = _now
try:
self._jobs[j]['f']()
except:
log.e('got exception when exec job: {}\n'.format(j))
def tp_cron():
"""
TPCron
:rtype : TPCron
"""
import builtins
if '__tp_cron__' not in builtins.__dict__:
builtins.__dict__['__tp_cron__'] = TPCron()
return builtins.__dict__['__tp_cron__']
``` |
MiMi Aung (, ; born 1968) is a Burmese-American engineer. Currently, she is director of technical program management for Amazon's Project Kuiper, an initiative to increase broadband internet access through an array of satellites in low Earth orbit.
Aung was born in the United States, where her parents met, though her family returned to Burma when she was 2 years old. After spending her childhood in Burma and Malaysia, Aung returned to the United States at age 16 and studied engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where she received her Bachelor's and master's degrees.
In 1990, she joined NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). She was a lead engineer on the Mars Helicopter Ingenuity, the first extraterrestrial aircraft. On February 18, 2021, Ingenuity arrived on Mars, and on April 19 it took its first 39-second flight. Aung said, it “was an incredible moment” and “This morning our dream came true.” The flight is being compared to the first flight in 1903 of the Wright brothers' airplane, a small piece of which was carried by the helicopter to Mars.
Early life and family
MiMi Aung's parents met in the United States when they were studying for their doctorates. Her mother, Hla Hla Sein, was the first woman from Myanmar to earn a doctoral degree in mathematics. Her father, Thein Aung, received his doctorate in chemistry. Aung was born in Illinois and returned to Myanmar with her parents when she was two and a half years old. When she was 11, the family moved to Malaysia, where she attended St. Christopher's School. At the age of 16, her parents arranged for her to return to the U.S. and stay with some friends in Illinois while she finished her education. She had to go without the rest of her family because her two younger sisters were not born in the U.S. and so could not emigrate there. Aung is married and has two children.
Education
By the time she was 16 years old, Aung knew she loved math, but her parents wanted her to have a practical education, so she studied electrical engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, where she earned her bachelor's degree, followed by a master's degree in 1990. Her master's thesis dealt with communications and signal processing. During her master's program one of her professors mentioned JPL's work in deep space exploration and its relationship to signal processing. She decided to interview with JPL.
Research and career
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
In 1990, Aung joined JPL, where she worked on various projects related to spaceflight and the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN).
Deep Space Network
She started her career working in the Radio Frequency and Microwave Subsystems Section of the DSN, where she developed and tested algorithms for the Block V Receiver. She deployed the digital receiver at each of the world's three DSN complexes, before working on monopulse radar systems. These systems were used in combination with the 34-meter antennas for the DSN. She worked on the 240-GHz radiometer for the Earth Orbiting System Microwave Limb Sounder.
Her next project involved the StarLight two-spacecraft interferometer, for which she designed the autonomous formation radio frequency flying sensor. She was selected as the project element manager of the Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF)'s formation flying program., but after funding for the TPF was indefinitely delayed in 2006, the project was postponed and was eventually formally canceled in 2011.
In 2003, Aung was made technical group supervisor of the Guidance, Navigation, and Control Sensors Group. In this capacity she created sensor technologies for spaceflight missions. She became increasingly interested in autonomous space exploration and was made manager of the section in 2010. She was also a member of the Psyche spacecraft project team. In 2013 she became Deputy Manager of the Autonomous Systems Division.
Mars helicopter project
Since 2015, Aung has been the lead for Mars helicopter technology demonstration development and oversees the diverse team that designed, built, tested and flew Ingenuity. Other team members include chief engineer Bob Balaram, originally from India, and chief pilot Håvard Grip, originally from Norway.
The atmosphere on Mars is only 1% of the atmospheric density on Earth, so a key question was how to generate enough lift for flight. The helicopter had to be very light-weight, and its blades had to be able to spin much faster than they would need to do on Earth. In addition, the helicopter could not be controlled by someone on Earth because radio signals take too long to get to Mars. So engineers at JPL equipped Ingenuity with a computerized system that allows it to stabilize itself and navigate on its own.
The first flight tests of the Mars Helicopter took place within the JPL space simulator in early 2019. The total cost of the helicopter is around $23 million, and it weighs less than 1.8 kg. The helicopter was attached to the belly of the Perseverance rover and launched from Cape Canaveral in Florida on July 30, 2020, as part of NASA's Mars 2020 mission. The rover successfully landed in Jezero Crater on Mars on February 18, 2021, and two days later, JPL received its first status report from Ingenuity via the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. The helicopter was successfully deployed on April 3, 2021.
Ingenuity Mars flights
On April 19, 2021, Ingenuity made the first powered, controlled flight by an aircraft on another planet. The team at JPL confirmed the flight succeeded after receiving data from the helicopter via the rover at 6:46 a.m. EDT (3:46 a.m. PDT).
The helicopter completed its technology demonstration after three successful flights. For the first flight, Ingenuity took off, climbed to about above the ground, hovered in the air briefly, completed a turn, and then landed. After that, the helicopter successfully performed additional experimental flights of incrementally farther distance and greater altitude.
Amazon Kuiper Systems
In July 2021, after 30 years at JPL, Aung left for a new role as director of technical program management at Amazon's Kuiper Systems.
Project Kuiper
This project is an initiative to improve broadband internet access to communities around the world using a network of satellites in low Earth orbit.
Awards and public engagement
For her accomplishments, Aung has been:
Selected as one of the top 100 Women in the world by the BBC in 2019.
Named one of TIME Magazine’s 100 Most Influential People of 2021
Inducted in 2022 as a member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE), America’s leading engineering organization, which advises the federal government on matters related to science and technology. All members are elected by their peers. Aung was recognized for her pioneering work on the NASA Mars Helicopter and the first flight on another planet.
Honored with the 2022 Distinguished Alumni Award from the University of Illinois for her "technical contributions and innovation in spacecraft, autonomy in space and for leadership on the NASA helicopter Ingenuity."
Aung is an expert for The Planetary Society and has written for Spaceflight.
During the development of the helicopter, she installed a webcam in the cleanroom at JPL that allowed the public to watch the team's progress.
Aung was featured in the 2019 documentary Space Queens, along with several other women who were inspired by Apollo 11. The archival footage mentioned her involvement in the Mars 2020 project and, in particular, her work on the Ingenuity helicopter.
On 24 April 2023, Aung spoke at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University. Her lecture "The Sky’s Not the Limit: My Journey into Space Exploration and STEM," described her personal journey as a space engineer.
References
External links
NASA Mars Helicopter main webpage
Helicopter project status
Transcript of April 19, 2021, NASA press conference following first flight of Ingenuity
Excerpt from documentary Space Queens
1968 births
Living people
American people of Burmese descent
Burmese engineers
NASA people
Jet Propulsion Laboratory faculty
American women engineers
Grainger College of Engineering alumni
21st-century American engineers
20th-century women engineers
21st-century women engineers
20th-century American women
21st-century American women |
Toby Jason Hall (born October 21, 1975) is an American former professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 2000 to 2008, primarily with the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. Listed at and , he batted and threw right-handed.
Career
Hall attended El Dorado High School in Placerville, California, where he earned All-State honors. The first time he played catcher was in his sophomore year at American River College. Then while in college he was an All-American at UNLV. The San Francisco Giants selected Hall in the 24th round (663rd overall) of the 1995 MLB draft, but he did not sign.
Tampa Bay Devil Rays
Hall was selected in the ninth round (294th overall) of the 1997 MLB draft by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays and signed with the team. He rose through their minor league farm system, starting in Class A Short Season in 1997 and reaching Triple-A in 2000. He made his MLB debut with the Devil Rays late in the 2000 season, appearing in four games while batting .167 (2-for-12). In 2001 and 2002, he appeared in 49 and 85 games with Tampa Bay, batting .298 and .258, respectively. From 2003 through 2005, he played in over 100 games each season with the team, batting a career-high .287 in 2005. He appeared in 64 games with the Devil Rays in 2006, batting .231 with eight home runs and 23 RBI.
Overall, Hall appeared in 586 games with Tampa Bay, batting .262 with 44 home runs and 251 RBIs. Hall holds a number of top ten team records for Tampa Bay; as of 2022, he is tied with Aubrey Huff for seventh in sacrifice flies (26), ranks eighth in doubles (112), ninth in games played (586), and tenth in at bats (2,050), RBI (251), and hits (538).
Los Angeles Dodgers
On June 27, 2006, Hall and pitcher Mark Hendrickson were traded to the Los Angeles Dodgers for pitcher Jae Seo, catcher Dioner Navarro, and outfielder Justin Ruggiano. In 21 games with the Dodgers, Hall batted .368 (21-for-57) with 8 RBI.
Chicago White Sox
On December 17, 2006, Hall agreed to a two-year, $3.65 million deal with a club option for 2009 with the Chicago White Sox. He served as the backup to A. J. Pierzynski. On July 4, 2007, Hall collected his first RBI of the season and his first as a member of the White Sox organization. In two seasons with Chicago, Hall appeared in a total of 79 games, batting .235 with two home runs and 10 RBIs.
Late career
On October 30, 2008, the White Sox declined a $2.25 million option on Hall, making him a free agent. He signed a minor league contract with the Houston Astros on January 14, 2009, and was invited to spring training. On February 22, 2009, Hall elected to undergo shoulder surgery, which enabled the Astros to void his deal. Hall did not play professionally during the 2009 season.
On January 22, 2010, Hall signed a minor league contract with the Texas Rangers with an invitation to spring training. On June 24, 2010, Hall was released. Other than playing in one minor league game with Texas, Hall did not play professionally during the 2010 season.
On March 10, 2011, Hall signed with the Camden Riversharks of the independent Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. He appeared in 93 games with Camden, batting .255 with two home runs and 32 RBI. On December 20, 2011, Hall retired from baseball as a player.
Personal life
Hall has a tendency to dye his soul patch different colors to mark specific occasions. For example, during a 12-game winning streak in 2004, he dyed his soul patch platinum blonde. On June 24, 2006, Hall dyed his soul patch red to mark "turn back the clock night", where Tampa Bay wore throwback uniforms for the Tampa Tarpons, a Cincinnati Reds minor-league affiliate.
In May 2005, Hall sponsored a Make-a-Wish for Chase Troche.
References
External links
1975 births
Living people
Hudson Valley Renegades players
Charleston RiverDogs players
Orlando Rays players
St. Petersburg Devil Rays players
Durham Bulls players
Arizona League Rangers players
Camden Riversharks players
Chicago White Sox players
American River Beavers baseball players
Baseball players from Tacoma, Washington
Major League Baseball catchers
Tampa Bay Devil Rays players
Los Angeles Dodgers players
UNLV Rebels baseball players
Charlotte Knights players
International League MVP award winners
People from Placerville, California
Sportspeople from El Dorado County, California |
Eleanor is a town in Putnam County, West Virginia, United States, along the Kanawha River. Its population was 1,548 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Huntington–Ashland metropolitan area. The town, named for Eleanor Roosevelt, was established as a New Deal project in the 1930s like other Franklin D. Roosevelt towns around the nation (e.g. Greenbelt, Greenhills, Greendale, Hanford, or Norris).
History
Eleanor was established in 1934, when President Franklin D. Roosevelt and First Lady Eleanor visited the county and developed it as a test site for families.
As a "sundown town", like other Franklin Roosevelt towns around the nation (such as Greenbelt, Greenhills, Greendale, Hanford, or Norris), it was for whites only.
It was one of three resettlement communities in West Virginia, the others being Arthurdale and Tygart Valley. When the town was developed, the houses were built to look very similar to one another and are now referred to as old Eleanor houses. There are three schools in Eleanor: George Washington Elementary School, George Washington Middle School and the Putnam County Career and Technical Center.
Geography
Eleanor is located at (38.539037, -81.931046).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and is water.
Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Eleanor has a Humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,518 people, 624 households, and 445 families living in the town. The population density was . There were 659 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 98.0% White, 0.1% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.9% of the population.
There were 624 households, of which 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.7% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.7% were non-families. 24.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.90.
The median age in the town was 41.9 years. 21.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.2% were from 25 to 44; 26.5% were from 45 to 64; and 19.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,345 people, 574 households, and 416 families living in the town. The population density was 1,597.1 inhabitants per square mile (618.2/km2). There were 608 housing units at an average density of 722.0 per square mile (279.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 99.55% White, 0.07% African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.15% Asian, and 0.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.52% of the population.
There were 574 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.2% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.4% were non-families. 25.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.79.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.3% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 17.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.1 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $35,284, and the median income for a family was $43,274. Males had a median income of $35,000 versus $21,198 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,104. About 5.6% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.2% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.
References
External links
Community website
Monuments and memorials to Eleanor Roosevelt
Towns in Putnam County, West Virginia
Populated places on the Kanawha River
New Deal subsistence homestead communities
Towns in West Virginia |
The men's 1 km time trial competition at the 2021 UEC European Track Championships was held on 6 October 2021.
Results
Qualifying
The top 8 riders qualified for the final.
Final
References
Men's 1 km time trial
European Track Championships – Men's 1 km time trial |
The Central Rabbinical Congress (in full: Central Rabbinical Congress of the US and Canada, commonly abbreviated to CRC; ) is a rabbinical organization that is a consortium of various Haredi Jewish groups, with offices in Brooklyn, New York.
History
In the aftermath of World War II, when thousands of Jewish survivors arrived in the United States and began the process of rebuilding the dozens of communities which were decimated in the Holocaust, this organization was founded in 1953, with the stated goal of serving as an umbrella rabbinical body to unite the newly transplanted Haredi communities, and to provide said communities with all of their religious needs.
The organization was founded by the rebbe of Satmar, Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum, alongside Rabbi Levi Yitzchok Greenwald of Tzehlim, Rabbi Yosef Greenwald of Pupa, Rabbi Shimon Yisroel Posen of Shopron, Rabbi Yonasan Steif of Vien, and Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum of Siget, who later assumed the title of rebbe of Satmar. These Rabbis formed the executive board of the organization.
The organization established a special panel to maintain and enforce traditional Jewish law, called Vaad L'Chizuk Hadas (in Hebrew: ועד לחיזוק הדת), led by Rabbi Rafael Blum of Kashau (Hasidic dynasty), Rabbi Hillel Lichtenstein of Krasna, Rabbi Yakov Lebowitz of Kapish, and Rabbi Moshe Bick of Mezhbizh.
An advisory board named Vaad L'inyonei Hora'ah (in Hebrew: ועד לעניני הוראה), was directed by Rabbi Naftali Hertzka Henig of Sharmash. The first dean was Rabbi Mordcha Shabse Berkowitch, who served until 1979.
Throughout the years, the organization grew exponentially, and quickly turned into one of the most recognized rabbinical organizations, currently having over 300 communal rabbis as members, representing a reported collective constituency of over 250,000 people throughout the US and Canada.
The kashrus division was founded in 1975 by Rabbi Rotenberg, the Voideslove Rav. In 1980 Rabbi Yidel Gruber was appointed for the general development of the kashrus department. Rabbi Gruber resigned in about 1998.
The current activities of the organization include a Kashrus division, a Beth Din, co-ordinating big rabbinical conventions and assemblies, addressing Jewish issues of importance to the general Jewish population.
The executive director of the entire Organization Rabbi Yitzchok Glick a/k/a Rabbi Bela Gluck, who has served in this position for over 50 years, assisted by the first Beth Din secretary Rabbi Shabse Mordche Berkowitz, being replaced in 1979 by Rabbi Yishay Buchinger as secretary until his passing then by Rabbi Mattes Berkowitz as secretary, and Chaim Shlomo Ilowitz as co-ordinator.
Kasher supervision
With many Jews arriving from Europe, whose Kashrut standards differed from those generally accepted in America, the need for a kosher certification agency was felt, and the organization established a division to supervise food industry establishments and grant hechshers, which was led by Rabbi Yissachar Ber Rottenberg of Wodzislaw and Rabbi Asher Babad of Tartikov. One of the first major Kashrus projects was the founding of a Shechita, to produce poultry and beef in line with the high standards of these communities.
This division certifies hundreds of food manufacturing plants, producing thousands of kosher products, as well as many bakeries, catering halls, and eateries, two large poultry plants, and five meat processing plants, employing 50 shochtim (slaughterers), a few dairy farms, and famous wineries.
This division, currently the biggest of the organization, consists of a large team of Mashgichim who travel across the world supervising and certifying the plants and food production facilities, physically monitoring and ensuring that all requirements are met.
In 2018, this division expanded and modernized the laboratory with new machinery and equipment, employing workers in the field of chemical research, analyzing various ingredients to ascertain their Kashrus viability, and analyzing the various plants and seeds for bug infestation.
Once a year, prior to Passover, this division published the highly acclaimed Mafteach Ha'Kashrus, which includes all laws relevant to the Passover holiday, and general Kashrus information. Throughout the year, the division publishes a magazine with articles about topics of interest in the field of Kashrut and updates.
The Kashrut division is currently headed by the Chief Rabbi of Mount Kisco, New York, Rabbi Hillel Weinberger of Serdahely, who serves as the Chief Justice of said division, and Rabbi Shia Heschel Bick of Mezhbizh. Rabbi Lipa Klein serves as Executive Rabbinic Administrator of kashrut division.
Rabbinical services
The organization has a full-service Beth Din, providing arbitration and mediation services mainly in marital and business disputes, settling hundreds of cases annually, and co-ordinating tens of Gittin (Jewish divorces). The Beth Din also handles all matters pertaining to Kidushin (Jewish weddings), ensuring the couple is allowed to be married in accordance with Halacha.
The Beth Din division is currently headed by Rabbi Mendel Zilber, widely known as the Freimaner Rav, who serves as the Chief Justice, and some of the Dayanim (rabbinical judges) are Rabbi Yitzchak Menachem Eichenstein of Galanta, Rabbi Meshulam Polatchek (Av Beis Din Meged Yehuda in Brooklyn, New York, and Rabbi Abraham Gross.
The first Beth Din secretary was Rabbi Shabse Mordche Berkowitz, being replaced after his passing by Rabbi Yishay Buchinger.
The organization also maintains, in a separate office, a full-time Beis Hora'ah, with rabbis taking shifts to answer to the public on inquiries in Jewish law, from early morning, until midnight. This division was led for many years by Rabbi Shalom Kraus of Udvari.
Positions
In 1986, the CRC publicized the following declaration:
It is our duty to denounce those who invoke the name of the Almighty in vain. It is our holy obligation and our moral responsibility to call on them: Stop using these falsehoods and heresies to justify yourselves and your misdeeds. The Jewish faith, as transmitted by the Almighty to our forefathers, has not and will never countenance the Zionist and nationalistic doctrines of the state of Israel. These false doctrines are compounded of atheism and anti-religious Zionism, ideologies alien to Judaism. Let them not be misrepresented to the world as Jewish.
References
Kosher food certification organizations
Satmar (Hasidic dynasty)
Rabbinical organizations |
William was launched at the Bombay Dockyard in 1800 as a country ship, i.e., a vessel trading east of the Cape of Good Hope (the Cape). In 1801 she served as a transport in a naval campaign. In 1809 she made a voyage to London for the British East India Company (EIC). She survived several maritime incidents while sailing as a West Indiaman. She was last listed in 1826.
Career
In 1801 William served as a transport vessel supporting Major-General Sir David Baird's expedition to the Red Sea. Baird commanded Indian army troops going to Egypt to help General Ralph Abercromby expel the French there. Baird landed at Kosseir, on the Egyptian side of the Red Sea. He then led his troops army across the desert to Kena on the Nile, and then to Cairo. He arrived in time for the battle of Alexandria.
In 1802 Williams master was J.A. Pope, and her owner Alexander Adamson.
EIC voyage (1809–1810): Captain Rodney Kempt sailed from Bengal on 23 May 1809 and arrived at Bombay on 4 August. Captain John H. Askwith sailed William from Bombay on 24 September. William reached the Cape on 14 November and St Helena on 1 December. She arrived at the Downs on 23 January 1810.
William first appeared in the Register of Shipping, and Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1810.
William became a West Indiaman, sailing to Trinidad, St Lucia, and Martinique.
On 12 July 1810 William, Gumm, master, capsized in a squall at Point-à-Pitre with the loss of five of her crew. It was expected that she would be raised. She had 70 hogsheads of sugar on board.
William took on British registry on 25 September 1811.
On 21 December 1814 William, Gumm, master, put into Harwich. She had been on her way to St Lucia when she grounded on the Ship Wash and lost her rudder. She sailed from Harwich on 8 January 1815 to return to London.
On 17 December 1821 William, Gumm, master, was at Plymouth, on her way to Trinidad, when a gale caused Lavinia, Moore, master, from London to Madeira, to run into William. William sustained some damage and Lavinia more.
Fate
William was last listed in 1826.
Citations
References
1800 ships
British ships built in India
Age of Sail merchant ships of England
Ships of the British East India Company
Maritime incidents in 1810 |
Hazaribagh Sadar subdivision is an administrative subdivision of the Hazaribagh district in the North Chotanagpur division in the state of Jharkhand, India.
History
During the period of Muslim rule, the thickly forested plateau area was ruled by big estates such as Ramgarh, Kunda, Kendi, Chai and Kharagdiha. With the East India Company acquiring the diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Odisha in 1765, it derived the right to collect revenue from the estates of Ramgarh, Kharagdiha, Kendi and Kunda. After the Kol uprising in 1831, the British changed the administrative structure of the area. The parganas of Ramgarh, Kharagdiha, Kendi and Kunda were made a part of the South West Frontier Agency and formed into a division named Hazaribagh with Hazaribagh as the administrative headquarter. In 1854 the designation of the South West Frontier Agency was changed to Chutia Nagpur and it began to be administered as a non-regulation province under the Lt. Governor of Bihar.
Administrative set up
Hazaribagh district is divided in to two subdivisions – Hazaribagh Sadar and Barhi. There are 16 CD blocks and 15 revenue anchals with 1 statutory town, 16 census towns, 1308 villages and 257 are gram panchayats in the district.
Details of the subdivision are as follows:
Note: Data calculated on the basis of census data for CD blocks and may vary a little against unpublished official data.
Demographics
According to the 2011 Census of India data, Hazaribagh Sadar subdivision, in Hazaribagh district, had a total population of 1,210.661. There were 623,236 (51%) males and 587,425 (49%) females. Scheduled castes numbered 205,973 (17.01%) and scheduled tribes numbered 105,076 (8.68%). Literacy rate was 70.91% (for the population below 6 years).
See also – List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate
Police stations
Police stations in Hazaribagh Sadar subdivision are at:
Sadar
Muffasil
Mahila and SC/ST
Barkagaon
Bishnugarh
Charhi
Churchu
Daru
Gidi
Ichak
Katkamsandi
Keredari
Blocks
Community development blocks in the Hazaribagh Sadar subdivision are:
Economy
Konar Dam
Konar Dam, located south-east of Hazaribagh, was the second of the four multipurpose dams, built by the Damodar Valley Corporation, in 1955.
Coalmining
Coalmining started early in this area. Gidi was an old mining centre. Many of the other mining areas that were earlier a part of the Hazaribagh Sadar subdivision subsequently became parts of new neighbouring districts on their formation. New mining areas are coming up around Keredari and Barkagaon. As of 2021, five operational areas of Central Coalfields Limited were located partially in this subdivision: Amrapali & Chandragupta Area with Chandragupta open cast project coming up as a major project, Barka Sayal Area, Argada Area, Kuju Area, and Hazaribagh Area.
Education
In 2011, in the Hazaribagh Sadar subdivision out of a total 703 inhabited villages there were 214 villages with pre-primary schools, 641 villages with primary schools, 346 villages with middle schools, 104 villages with secondary schools, 20 villages with senior secondary schools, 2 villages/ census towns with general degree college, 1 village with medical college, 3 villages with non-formal training centres, 7 villages with vocational training centres/ITI, 79 villages with no educational facility, 1 statutory city with 1 university, 1 engineering college, 1 management institution, 1 polytechnic.
.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand
Educational institutions
The following institutions are located in Hazaribagh Sadar subdivision:
Vinoba Bhave University was established at Hazaribagh in 1972.
St. Columba's College was established at Hazaribagh in 1899.
Annada College was established at Hazaribagh in 1979.
Markham College of Commerce was established at Hazaribagh in 1974.
Krishna Ballav Women's College was established at Hazaribagh in 1963.
Ghanshyam Mehta Institute at Ichak was established in 2007.
Karnapura College was established in 1992 at Barkagaon.
Sheikh Bhikhari Medical College was established at Kolghatti in 2019.
(Information about degree colleges with proper reference may be added here)
Healthcare
In 2011, in the Hazaribagh Sadar subdivision there were 35 villages with primary health centres, 84 villages with primary health subcentres, 30 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 21 villages with allopathic hospitals, 22 villages with dispensaries, 20 villages with veterinary hospitals, 13 villages with family welfare centres, 74 villages with medicine shops, 1 statutory city with 4 nursing homes.
.*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included
Medical facilities
CCL - AKC, Gidi A at Gidi with 31 beds has 6 general duty medical officers and 1 specialist. Among the medical facilities it has is: X-ray machine. It has 3 ambulances.
(Anybody having referenced information about location of government/ private medical facilities may please add it here)
References
Sub-divisions in Jharkhand |
Tonga competed at the 2022 Commonwealth Games at Birmingham, England from 28 July to 8 August 2022. Tonga made its eleventh attendance at the Games.
Sione Tupou and Kuinini Manumua were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony.
Competitors
The following is the list of number of competitors participating at the Games per sport/discipline.
Athletics
Men
Track and road events
Women
Field events
Boxing
Rugby sevens
As of 9 March 2022, Tonga qualified for the men's tournament. The intended Oceania qualifier (scheduled for April 2022) was cancelled, so the quota allocation was determined by Tonga's performance in the 2019 Oceania Sevens Championship.
Summary
Men's tournament
Roster
Walter Fifita
Sione Tupou
Samson Fualalo
Samisoni Asi
Rodney Tongotea
Niukula Osika
John Tapueluelu
John Ika
Edward Sunia
Atieli Pakalani
Amanaki Veamatahau
Latuselu Vailea
Tevita Halafihi
Pool B
Classification Quarterfinals
Classification Semifinals
Swimming
Men
Women
Weightlifting
Two weightlifters (one man, one woman) were selected on 15 April 2022.
Wrestling
References
External links
TASANOC Facebook site
2022
Nations at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games |
MV Rhosus was a general cargo ship that was abandoned in Beirut, Lebanon, after the ship was declared unseaworthy and the charterers lost interest in the cargo. The 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate which the ship was carrying was confiscated and brought to shore in 2014, and later contributed to the catastrophic 2020 Beirut explosion. The vessel's owner at the time of abandonment was Cyprus-based Russian businessman Igor Grechushkin. The ship sank in the Port of Beirut in 2018.
Description
Rhosus was a single-deck general cargo ship with a length of , beam of , and draught of . The ship's gross tonnage was 1,900; net tonnage 964; and deadweight tonnage 3,226tonnes, and it had two cargo holds with a grain capacity of and bale capacity of . The ship was normally run by around nine or ten crew members. Rhosuss single main diesel engine, a 4-stroke 6LU32G unit manufactured by Hanshin Diesel Works, was rated at , drove a single fixed pitch propeller, and gave the vessel a service speed of .
History
The ship was built by Tokuoka Zosen K.K. in Naruto, Japan, as the grab suction dredger Daifuku Maru No. 8 for the Japanese shipping company Daifuku Kaiun KK and delivered in October 1986. In 2002, the ship was sold to another Japanese shipping company, Nishi Nippon Kaiyo, but was reportedly sold already in March of the same year to a South Korean owner and renamed Seokjung No. 505.
In March 2005, the ship was sold to Hong Kong Zheng Long Shipping Co Ltd, renamed Zheng Long and registered briefly under the Belizean flag. In June of the same year, the ownership changed to another Hong Kong-based shipping company, Rui Hua (HK) Shipping Co Ltd, and the vessel was reflagged to Panama. In June 2007, the ship was sold to a Panamanian-registered company, Sea Star International Shipping Group Inc, and renamed New Legend Glory.
The ship's most recent reported registered owner, Panamanian-registered Briarwood Corp, acquired the vessel in August 2008 and renamed it Rhosus. After lengthening the hull from to and converting the ship to a general cargo vessel, Rhosus was reflagged first to Georgia in 2009 and later to Moldova in 2012. By 2012, the vessel was effectively owned by Cypriot businessman Charalambos Manoli, who sold it that year to Khabarovsk-born Russian businessman Igor Grechushkin, who was reported to be living in Limassol, Cyprus, in 2020. This was Grechushkin's first foray into running his own ship.
On , Rhosus was detained at the Port of Seville by Spanish port state control authorities due to a number of deficiencies.
Abandonment
In September 2013, the freighter was chartered to carry a cargo of high-density ammonium nitrate from Georgian fertilizer maker, Rustavi Azot LLC, in Georgia to be delivered to Fábrica de Explosivos Moçambique (FEM) in Matola, Mozambique. On , Rhosus set sail from Batumi bound to Beira carrying 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate in bags, a cargo which the captain regarded as "dangerous", but not so dangerous that it could not be transported. On , the ship ported in Beirut. Some sources stated that it was forced to port due to mechanical issues and possibly engine problems, while other sources said that the owner did not have sufficient funds to pay tolls for the Suez Canal and attempted but failed to take on a shipment of heavy machinery from Beirut to Aqaba, Jordan. The heavy machinery was stacked over the hatch leading to the cargo space containing the ammonium nitrate, causing the hatch covers to buckle and damaging the ship. After inspection by port state control, Rhosus was found unseaworthy, and it was forbidden to set sail. Eight Ukrainians and one Russian were aboard, and with the help of a Ukrainian consul, five Ukrainians were repatriated, leaving the Russian captain and three Ukrainian crew members—the chief engineer, the third engineer, and the boatswain—to take care of the ship.
The owner of Rhosus, Igor Grechushkin, claimed to have become bankrupt and, after the charterers lost interest in the cargo, he abandoned the ship. Rhosus then quickly ran out of provisions, while the crew were unable to disembark due to immigration restrictions. The captain sold some fuel in the ship in order to pay for lawyers to free them from their confinement on the ship. Creditors also obtained three warrants to arrest the ship. According to Lloyd's List, the Beirut port authority seized the ship on 4 February 2014, due to US$100,000 in unpaid bills. The ship had accrued port fees and been fined for refusing cargo. Lawyers argued for the crew's repatriation on compassionate grounds, due to the danger posed by the cargo still aboard the ship, and an Urgent Matters judge in Beirut allowed them to return home after having been stuck aboard the ship for about a year. The dangerous cargo was then brought ashore in 2014 and placed in a building, Hangar 12, at the port, pursuant to a court order, until it exploded, with catastrophic consequences, on .
Fate
In a 2020 interview, the former master of Rhosus stated that there was a small hole in the hull and, with no crew on board to periodically pump the sea water out, the vessel sank "two or three years ago" after the cargo had been unloaded. Euronews reported that the records of Lloyd's List showed that Rhosus was seized in February 2014, and that it sank without a crew in the breakwaters of the Port of Beirut in February 2018. The New York Times confirmed via multispectral satellite imagery that the ship sank between and alongside a Beirut pier.
Subsequent analysis shows the ship to still lie there.
Since 2018, Rhosuss flag has been reported as "unknown" in official databases and the vessel's status was updated to "total loss" in August 2020.
Investigation
A thorough investigation by Der Spiegel and the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP) into the 2020 Beirut explosion concluded that:
A Cypriot businessman, Charalambos Manoli, might have been the owner, while Igor Grechushkin was merely leasing it through a company in the Marshall Islands called Teto Shipping Ltd.
Panamanian-registered Briarwood Corp, which owned the vessel in August 2008, might belong to Manoli, according to a 2012 document found by OCCRP journalists.
A Georgian company called Maritime Lloyd, owned by Manoli, certified the seaworthiness of the ailing freighter in late July 2013. But days later, Port of Seville authorities detained the ship, citing 14 defects, such as corroded decks, lack of auxiliary power, and problems with radio communication.
During Rhosuss last voyage, Manoli owed €962,000 to FBME Bank, which is accused of helping the Shia militant group Hezbollah. However, Rhosus might have been offered up as collateral to the bank at one stage.
Mozambican company, Fábrica de Explosivos Moçambique (FEM), which ordered the shipment, is 95 percent owned by the family of Portuguese businessman Antonio Moura Vieira, through a company called Moura Silva & Filhos, which was previously investigated for arms trafficking and supplying explosives used in the 2004 Madrid train bombings.
The intermediary company, Savaro Ltd, hired a Lebanese lawyer in February 2015 to inspect the quality and quantity of the ammonium nitrate in the port warehouse. The experts reported that 1,900 out of 2,700 bags were ripped and had their contents spilling out. Hence, they did not try to take back the ammonium nitrate in the end.
One of the warehouse's gates was missing, in addition to a large hole in the south wall, which caused fear that the ammonium nitrate might be stolen to be used as explosives.
The size of the explosion was equivalent to only 700 to 1,000 tons of ammonium nitrate.
In October 2020, Lebanon's state-run National News Agency said that the country's state prosecution had asked Interpol to detain two Russian citizens, the captain and the owner of Rhosus, as its cargo of ammonium nitrate was blamed for the explosion.
Notes
References
1986 ships
Ships built in Japan
Maritime incidents in 2018
Merchant ships of Japan
Merchant ships of South Korea
Merchant ships of Belize
Cargo ships of Panama
Merchant ships of Georgia
Cargo ships of Moldova
Ships sunk with no fatalities
Shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea
2020 Beirut explosion |
Montcel is the name of the following communes in France:
Montcel, Puy-de-Dôme, in the Puy-de-Dôme department
Montcel, Savoie, in the Savoie department |
Aruba: The Tragic Untold Story of Natalee Holloway and Corruption in Paradise is an autobiographical true crime book by Dave Holloway about his experiences searching for his missing daughter Natalee Holloway, co-written with R. Stephanie Good and Larry Garrison. It was released on April 11, 2006 by the Thomas Nelson publishing company.
Summary
The book covers Holloway's ongoing effort to locate his daughter Natalee, who disappeared during a high school graduation trip to Aruba in 2005. He details his experience following leads in crack houses and personally searching landfills. He alleges corruption among the Aruba Police Force, recalling that upon arrival on the island, they asked him how much money he had.
Holloway accused suspect Joran van der Sloot of repeatedly lying and believes that he is "guilty of something."
Background
Dave Holloway stated that he started taking notes in a journal by the second week of the search in Aruba for his daughter because of inconsistencies in the witness accounts of her disappearance. He felt that authorities were trying to close the investigation because of concern that it would tarnish the island's image as a tourist destination.
He said that he met journalists and other people who suggested writing a book, but he at first declined. Holloway decided to proceed after he saw what was being posted on the internet. He wrote the book in the hope that it would help solve the mystery. Though his ex-wife Beth has conceded that their daughter may be dead, Holloway stated that he has been unable to come to terms with that scenario.
Reception
Soon after its release in April 2006, the book was on The New York Times best seller list for four weeks in a row. Holloway said that he did not write the book for monetary gain and that any funds not spent on the investigation would be given to charity.
See also
De zaak Natalee Holloway by Joran van der Sloot
Loving Natalee: A Mother's Testament of Hope and Faith by Beth Holloway
Overboord: hoe ik Joran van der Sloot aan het praten kreeg by Patrick van der EemReferences
External linksAruba: The Tragic Untold Story of Natalee Holloway and Corruption in Paradise'' at Thomas Nelson
2006 non-fiction books
American autobiographies
Non-fiction crime books |
The Comăneci salto is a gymnastics manoeuvre on the uneven bars, developed primarily by Romanian gymnast Nadia Comăneci. It is listed as an E-rated element in the current Code of Points. To perform a Comăneci salto, the gymnast begins in a support position on the high bar and, casting away from it, performs a straddled front somersault, regrasping the same bar. In the 2006 FIG Code, the Comăneci salto remained one of the hardest manoeuvres point-wise, and retained the E rating.
References
External links
Nadia Comaneci, performing the Comăneci salto
Hannah Toussaint, performing the Comăneci salto
Hana Ricna, performing the Comăneci salto
Gymnastics elements
Women's gymnastics |
Osvald Sirén (6 April 1879 – 26 June 1966) was a Finnish-born Swedish art historian, whose interests included the art of 18th century Sweden, Renaissance Italy and China.
Biography
Sirén was born in Helsinki. He held the J.A. Berg Professorship of the History and Theory of Art at the University of Stockholm 1908-1923 and was Keeper of painting and sculpture at Nationalmuseum 1928–1945. He died in Stockholm, aged 87.
In the area of Chinese art, his major books include Gardens of China, China and Gardens of Europe of the 18th century, Chinese Painting: Leading Masters and Principles, and The Walls and Gates of Peking (1924).
Sirén was an early member of the theosophist movement. In 1956, he was awarded the Charles Lang Freer Medal.
Selected works
In a statistical overview derived from writings by and about Osvald Sirén, OCLC/WorldCat encompasses roughly 700+ works in 1,oo+ publications in 12 languages and 8,000+ library holdings.
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Pictures in the Jarves Collection Belonging to Yale University (1916)
Giotto and Some of his Followers (1917)
The Walls and Gates of Peking (1924)
Chinese Sculpture from the Fifth to the Fourteenth Century; over 900 Specimens in Stone, Bronze, Lacquer and Wood, Principally from Northern China (1925)
Les palais imperiaux de Pekin (1926)
A History of Early Chinese Art (1929)
The Chinese on the Art of Painting: Translations and Comments (1936)
A History of Later Chinese Painting (1938)
Gardens of China (1949)
China and Gardens of Europe of the Eighteenth Century (1950)
Chinese Painting: Leading Masters and Principles (1956)
Chinese Sculptures in the von der Heydt Collection (1959)
Notes
References
Eriksson, Johan, "Osvald Sirén: Art Historian, Curator and Conoisseur”, Italian Paintings: Three Centuries of Collecting, vol. I, Nationalmuseum/Hatje Cantz, Stockholm 2015, pp. 278-285.
Gyllensvärd, Bo, "Osvald Sirén", Konsthistorisk tidskrift, 35 (1966), pp. 102–105
Johansson, Britt-Inger & Pettersson, Hans (eds.), 8 kapitel om konsthistoriens historia i Sverige, Stockholm: Rasters förlag, 2000
Minna Törmä, Nordic Private Collections of Chinese Objects (Routledge, 2020).
Watson, William, "Professor Osvald Sirén", Burlington Magazine, 108 (1966), p. 484-485.
External links
Profile of Siren
1879 births
1966 deaths
Academic staff of Stockholm University
Swedish art historians
Finnish emigrants to Sweden
Swedish-speaking Finns |
```javascript
const assert = require('assert');
const { bucketPut } = require('../../../lib/api/bucketPut');
const bucketPutWebsite = require('../../../lib/api/bucketPutWebsite');
const bucketGetWebsite = require('../../../lib/api/bucketGetWebsite');
const { cleanup,
DummyRequestLogger,
makeAuthInfo }
= require('../helpers');
const log = new DummyRequestLogger();
const authInfo = makeAuthInfo('accessKey1');
const bucketName = 'bucketGetWebsiteTestBucket';
const testBucketPutRequest = {
bucketName,
headers: { host: `${bucketName}.s3.amazonaws.com` },
url: '/',
actionImplicitDenies: false,
};
function _makeWebsiteRequest(xml) {
const request = {
bucketName,
headers: {
host: `${bucketName}.s3.amazonaws.com`,
},
url: '/?website',
query: { website: '' },
actionImplicitDenies: false,
};
if (xml) {
request.post = xml;
}
return request;
}
const testGetWebsiteRequest = _makeWebsiteRequest();
function _comparePutGetXml(sampleXml, done) {
const fullXml = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ' +
'standalone="yes"?><WebsiteConfiguration ' +
'xmlns="path_to_url">' +
`${sampleXml}</WebsiteConfiguration>`;
const testPutWebsiteRequest = _makeWebsiteRequest(fullXml);
bucketPutWebsite(authInfo, testPutWebsiteRequest, log, err => {
if (err) {
process.stdout.write(`Err putting website config ${err}`);
return done(err);
}
return bucketGetWebsite(authInfo, testGetWebsiteRequest, log,
(err, res) => {
assert.strictEqual(err, null, `Unexpected err ${err}`);
assert.strictEqual(res, fullXml);
done();
});
});
}
describe('getBucketWebsite API', () => {
beforeEach(done => {
cleanup();
bucketPut(authInfo, testBucketPutRequest, log, done);
});
afterEach(() => cleanup());
it('should return same IndexDocument XML as uploaded', done => {
const sampleXml =
'<IndexDocument><Suffix>index.html</Suffix></IndexDocument>';
_comparePutGetXml(sampleXml, done);
});
it('should return same ErrorDocument XML as uploaded', done => {
const sampleXml =
'<IndexDocument><Suffix>index.html</Suffix></IndexDocument>' +
'<ErrorDocument><Key>error.html</Key></ErrorDocument>';
_comparePutGetXml(sampleXml, done);
});
it('should return same RedirectAllRequestsTo as uploaded', done => {
const sampleXml =
'<RedirectAllRequestsTo>' +
'<HostName>test</HostName>' +
'<Protocol>http</Protocol>' +
'</RedirectAllRequestsTo>';
_comparePutGetXml(sampleXml, done);
});
it('should return same RoutingRules as uploaded', done => {
const sampleXml =
'<IndexDocument><Suffix>index.html</Suffix></IndexDocument>' +
'<RoutingRules><RoutingRule>' +
'<Condition><KeyPrefixEquals>docs/</KeyPrefixEquals></Condition>' +
'<Redirect><HostName>test</HostName></Redirect>' +
'</RoutingRule><RoutingRule>' +
'<Condition>' +
'<HttpErrorCodeReturnedEquals>404</HttpErrorCodeReturnedEquals>' +
'</Condition>' +
'<Redirect><HttpRedirectCode>303</HttpRedirectCode></Redirect>' +
'</RoutingRule></RoutingRules>';
_comparePutGetXml(sampleXml, done);
});
});
``` |
Kodaline () are an Irish rock band. Originally known as 21 Demands, the band adopted their current name in 2012 to coincide with the changing of their music. The group comprises Steve Garrigan, Mark Prendergast, Vincent May and Jason Boland.
Garrigan and Prendergast grew up in Swords, Dublin, and have known each other since childhood. May and Garrigan attended Colaiste Choilm CBS, Swords, where they participated in battles of the bands. Boland joined the group in 2012. They have released four albums: In a Perfect World (2013), Coming Up for Air (2015), and Politics of Living (2018). Their fourth studio album, One Day at a Time, was released on 12 June 2020.
Career
2005–2011: 21 Demands
As 21 Demands, the band first came to attention in November 2006, when they participated in the fifth series of RTÉ talent show You're a Star; finishing as the series' runners-up. On 3 March 2007, 21 Demands released their own single called "Give Me a Minute" through Pieta House downloads on the RTÉ website. They made history when their single topped the Irish Singles Chart, becoming the first independently released track to achieve this milestone.
21 Demands also wrote the single "One of Those Days" which they played on the Irish SuperValu channel BalconyTV.
2012–2014: In a Perfect World
The quartet released their debut extended play—The Kodaline EP—on Friday 7 September 2012, produced by Stephen Harris. "All I Want" was selected as BBC Radio 1 DJ Fearne Cotton's Record of the Week, featured in the season 9 episode of Grey's Anatomy, "Remember the Time", and was used in the background music for Google's 2012: Year in Review video. On 9 December 2012, the BBC announced that Kodaline had been nominated for the Sound of 2013 poll. On 17 June 2013, Kodaline released their first studio album, In a Perfect World. In a Perfect World includes the singles "High Hopes", "All I Want", "Love Like This", and "Pray", as well as seven new songs. The iTunes deluxe edition of the album contains "The Answer", "Perfect World", "Lose Your Mind", and "Latch", with music videos for "All I Want" and "High Hopes". The CD deluxe edition, instead, contains a CD of live performances of "All I Want", "High Hopes", "Love Like This", "Pray", "All Comes Down", and "The Answer" at The Button Factory in Dublin. Their song "All I Want" was featured on the MTV show Catfish: The TV Show. "All I Want" was also in Season 5, episode 10 of The Vampire Diaries. The songs "Perfect World" and "Brand New Day" from this album, are currently used in the soundtrack for the hit Channel 4 show Gogglebox, the former is the show's main theme tune. In April 2014, Kodaline released a cover version of Paul McCartney's 1980 single "Coming Up" in celebration of Record Store Day. In April 2014, the song "All I Want" was released as part of the soundtrack for The Fault in Our Stars, as well as used in the film. In July 2014, the songs "Pray" and "High Hopes" were featured in trailers for the films Horns and Love, Rosie, respectively. The song "All I Want" was used in TCM Remembers, Turner Classic Movies' annual remembrance of film industry contributors who died in 2014.
2014–2017: Coming Up for Air
In December 2014, the band announced their second LP Coming Up for Air, and released a song called "Honest" on YouTube. A few days later they also published the song "Unclear". Following its release on 9 February 2015, the album entered the UK Albums Chart at number 4. "The One" and "Honest" both reached Top 40 in the UK Singles Chart. Lead singer Steve Garrigan appeared on episode 18 of The Midnight Hour.
2017–2019: Politics of Living
The lead single "Brother" was released on 23 June 2017. Garrigan once again appeared on The Midnight Hour alongside Eldeniro90 where he premiered new music. The group also released a single, 'Follow Your Fire', on 23 March 2018 which was a massive hit in Romania reaching number 7 on the charts. "Shed a Tear" was released as the third single from the album on 15 June 2018. "Worth It" was released as the fourth single from the album on 20 July 2018. "Head Held High" was released as the fifth single from the album on 24 August 2018. The song peaked at number sixty-eight on the Irish Singles Chart. The album titled Politics of Living was released on 28 September 2018.
2020–present: One Day at a Time
On 10 January 2020, the band released "Wherever You Are" as the lead single from their fourth studio album. The song peaked at number sixty-six on the Irish Singles Chart. "Sometimes" was released as the bands second single from their fourth studio album on 6 March 2020. The song peaked at number ninety-four on the Irish Singles Chart. The album titled One Day at a Time was released on 12 June 2020. The album peaked at number two on the Irish Albums Chart. In November 2020, the band released the single "This Must Be Christmas".
Kodaline released their first live album, Our Roots Run Deep, on 14 October 2022. It was recorded at the Olympia Theatre, Dublin.
Discography
Studio albums
In a Perfect World (2013)
Coming Up for Air (2015)
Politics of Living (2018)
One Day at a Time (2020)
Live albums
Our Roots Run Deep (2022)
Band members
Current members
Steve Garrigan – lead vocals, rhythm guitars, keyboards, harmonica, mandolin (born 23 August 1988) (2005-present)
Mark Prendergast – lead guitars, keyboards, vocals (born 16 January 1989) (2005-present)
Vincent May – drums, percussion, vocals (born 11 February 1990) (2005-present)
Jason Boland – bass guitar, vocals (born 31 August 1987) (2012-present)
Previous members
Conor Linnane – bass guitar, backing vocals, keyboards (2005-2011)
Awards and nominations
Film soundtracks
Kodaline have been featured in different movies and shows. Below is a list of some of the films that their music has been played in:
See also
List of artists who reached number one in Ireland
External Links
References
People from Swords, Dublin
Irish pop punk groups
Musical groups from Dublin (city)
Musical groups established in 2005
You're a Star contestants |
Siccia obscura is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae first described by John Henry Leech in 1888. It is found in Japan.
References
Lithosiini |
Anisul Islam Mondal (born 25 August 1966) is a Jatiya Party (Ershad) politician and a former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Rangpur-2 constituency.
Career
Mondal was elected to parliament from Rangpur-2 as a Jatiya Party candidate in 2008.
References
Living people
1966 births
People from Rangpur District
Politicians from Rangpur Division
Jatiya Party politicians
9th Jatiya Sangsad members |
Fernando Gazapo (24 August 1920 – 24 December 2003) was a Spanish equestrian. He competed in two events at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
References
1920 births
2003 deaths
Spanish male equestrians
Olympic equestrians for Spain
Equestrians at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing |
Jovian Chronicles is a science fiction game setting published by Dream Pod 9 since 1997. It introduces a complete universe for role-playing and wargaming space combat featuring mecha, giant spacecraft, and epic space battles.
The Jovian Chronicles setting was originally published as a pair of licensed supplements for the Mekton role-playing game; Ianus Publications released two volumes—Jovian Chronicles and Europa Incident—in 1992. This first edition is known amongst fans as the "Green Edition" because of the color scheme of its cover design.
After Ianus decided to split into two ventures in 1995 — Protoculture, which would publish Protoculture Addicts magazine; and Dream Pod 9, which would design and market miniatures and gaming books, Jovian Chronicles was re-published as a full-fledged game line in 1997 by Dream Pod 9, this time using their own in-house rule system. This edition, because of its white cover, is known as the "White Edition", and subsequent supplements are also called this, even though several of the supplemental books feature a dark blue starfield cover.
Publication history
Ianus Publications had licensed the anime-related games of R. Talsorian Games, and Marc A. Vezina's Jovian Chronicles (1994) detailed an original setting for R. Talsorian's Mekton game. It had originally been intended as a serial for the company's Mecha Press magazine. Jovian Chronicles was supplemented soon after with Europa Incident (1994). Dream Pod 9 was soon split out from Ianus as a separate company, and their second game after Heavy Gear was Jovian Chronicles (1998), a game based on Dream Pod 9's Silhouette system, and a variant of the game setting that they had previously created for use with Mekton. The new edition included changes to the theme of the game, which was now an anime mecha game, a space-opera starfighter game and a near-future built on with hard science. Many of the mecha were made blockier in design to better accommodate a potential Activision game that never came to be.
The later Silhouette CORE Rulebook (2003) offered a new standalone version of Silhouette that turned it into a generic system, and was immediately followed by the Mecha Companion (2003), which offered d20 stats for all the mecha from Heavy Gear, Jovian Chronicles and Gear Krieg using Guardians of Order's d20 Mecha (2003) mech description rules. Jovian Chronicles second edition was also released in 2003.
In 2017, Dream Pod 9 launched a Kickstarter to create new resin spaceship miniatures. The goal was to raise 9,000 CAD; with the support of 143 backers, they raised a total of 25,090 CAD. Dream Pod 9 reported that by November 2017 they had "completed the shipping of Backer Reward Packages". In 2018, they launched a second Kickstarter to create additional new spaceships and exo-armor squad miniatures. The goal was smaller this time (4,000 CAD) and while it was successful, it was less successful than the first Kickstarter (57 backers raising 8,708 CAD). Dream Pod 9 reported that they had begun shipping out "Backer Reward Packages" in April 2019. During this time, Beta Playtest Rules for a new edition, called Jovian Wars, were released for free on DrivethruRPG as a PDF. These rules were last updated on February 14, 2018.
Setting
The game world shows one possible future, a time in which Mankind has expanded and settled the Solar System, going as far as terraforming Venus and Mars. The colonists living around Jupiter are at odds with the government of Earth, driving much of the series' intrigue. The game features a blend of action/adventure and hard-science space colonization facts. The books are based on plausible technical details to maintain a realistic hard science fiction setting.
Mercury: a small settlement, whose main exports are high quality electronics and metals. Mercury is the headquarters of the powerful Merchant Guild, an association of companies which provide most of the transportation throughout the system.
Venus: terraformed by a consortium of corporations, Venus is now a marginally habitable planet. The Venusian upper class and their workers live in polar arcologies, surrounded by terraforming processors.
Earth: damaged by centuries of overpopulation and civil wars, the motherworld is home to the Central Earth Government and Administration (CEGA), a bureaucratic planetary government that believes the Earth should lead the solar system.
Orbital Colonies: the salvation of many who fled Earth, these are huge O'Neill stations parked at the Lagrange points. Orbitals are peaceful people who follow CEGA's lead for protection.
United Solar Nations: evolved from the old United Nations to provide a neutral arbiter between the various settlements. It has a private peace-keeping army, the USN Guard, and an interplanetary law enforcement agency, the Solar Police (SolaPol).
The Moon: CEGA's industrial center, its inhabitants are living in huge complexes buried beneath the soil. Many of Earth's heavy industries were moved there long ago.
Mars: a divided planet, home to the Martian Free Republic and the Martian Federation. Border clashes between the two are frequent.
The Belt: the asteroids are populated by mobile nomad communities, each a micro-society of its own.
Jupiter: home to refugees from Earth. The enormous space stations of the Jovian Confederacy were the first to develop and field exo-armors. Thanks to the resources of the Jovian sub-system, the Confederacy is the richest nation in the solar system.
Titan: the largest moon of Saturn is the farthest human settlement. It is the main source for complex hydrocarbon compounds and plays an important role in the industries of the solar system.
Anime inspirations
Many recent Western cartoon shows and games have Japanese anime styling. Jovian Chronicles also features anime-inspired artwork and narrative elements, though the various technical elements (ships, stations, equipment, etc.) are original works illustrated with computer art.
Exo-armors are one of the main hooks of the series, these one-crew mecha consist of big armored space suits talling 15 metres or more with weapons capable of devastating even small warships. The main source of inspiration for the game was the various iterations of the Gundam Universal Century series up to the early 1990s, with strong influence from Gundam 0083 Stardust Memories and Gundam 0080 War in the Pocket. Hints of other influences such as Patlabor and to some extent, Macross and Mospeada, are present, although no transformable mecha appear to date. Jovian Chronicles can be placed in the Real Robot anime genre.
The series art and mechanical designs were created by John Moscato and Ghislain Barbe, the latter who was also responsible for the artistic style which characterized all of the Dream Pod 9's lines including Heavy Gear and Tribe 8.
Game rules
The concept has its origins on a campaign played by the authors Mark A. Vezina and Etienne Gagnon since 1987, using R. Talsorian's Mekton system. After 5 years of development, IANVS publications licensed the Mekton II rules and published the Jovian Chronicles Campaign Setting, a 112-page letter sized book which describes the JC universe, timeline, technologies and introduces players to the setting thru a 12 episode campaign. The JC campaign works as an extension of the Mekton rules set, with minimum changes required and then only for character status and wealth, however, compared to other Mecha depicted in Mekton, JC Exo-armors tend to be less resilient and their weapons are less powerful. It is also of note that at this stage, Exos tend to be more balanced with little differences among them, while on later editions, grunt exos are intentionally inferior to hero machines, for example, a CEGA Syreen and a JC Pathfinder are equally balanced in power, armor and weapons, and similar in capabilities to larger machines.
Mecha designs also vary on this edition, being more complex and elaborated in design than on latter iterations, during this release, there were also a number of metal miniatures for six of the exo-armors in the setting, these were produced by Canadian manufacturer RAFM and were based on the campaign book technical designs by John Moscato. Miniatures were in 1/325 scale due to the fictional size of the exo-armors and presented one of the finest and most dynamic mecha sculptings of the era.
The second release of Jovian Chronicles, was the first one published by DP9, adapts the Silhouette game system, a streamlined set of rules already tested and proved in Heavy Gear, Dream Pod 9's other successful science fiction game. It can be played as either a role-playing game, a tactical wargame, or an integration of both. There are major changes on this release, such as the aforementioned distinction among the different exo-armors and other equipment as well as the focus on the character creation.
Both the RPG and miniature games are built on the same basic rule mechanics. Silhouette which defines characters in terms of 10 base attributes (agility, knowledge, etc.), 5 derived attributes (health, etc.), and a variety of skills. Skill rolls make up the backbone of the system, which focuses on effect-based speed of play over grainy detail. The core mechanic involves rolling a number of 6-sided dice, taking the highest result, adding in modifiers for attributes and/or situation, and then comparing it to a set threshold number. If the result is higher than the threshold the test is a success; if it is lower the test is a failure. The margin by which the test succeeded (Margin of Success, MoS) or failed (Margin of Failure, MoF) helps to determine the outcome. Combat is handled by the same system, with characters taking penalty-inflicting wounds rather than depleting a set number of health points. As a result, the system can be lethal, especially on inexperienced characters.
New miniatures were also released for this edition, for both, exo-armor/fighters as well as spaceships. The new line of miniatures covered a much broader range of subjects, at the expense of size, being scaled at 1/500 for the exo armor/fighters which were near half the size of the original ones, this edition also marks the appearance of spaceship miniatures, which were scaled to 1/5000.
During this stage, the game system was splintered into the Silhouette Core RPG rules and the Lightning Strike system for tactical scenarios. The latter, is a more abstract version of the original tactical system which allow for combined arms maneuvers.
A third edition Jovian Wars was put on kickstarter during March–April 2017 and is in the process of delivering to its backers, the new edition is a fleet scale tactical game, whose rules are distributed for free at the DP9 website and changes (again) the scale of the miniatures to 1/1000 to exo-armors and fighters and 1/4000 for the spaceships.
This change in scale intends to represent more realistically the magnitude of the conflicts depicted, making combat units smaller and warships larger. It features a new turning template for ship maneuvers which is promoted as the major innovation in the system and due to the scale of the exo-armors, they now operate in squadrons of 3 miniatures each. With the new scale, each exo/fighter is around 15mm in height, compared to 30mm for Lightning strike minis and an average of 54mm for RAFM miniatures. The RPG aspect of the game is all but left aside.
The project was funded, however it is uncertain if besides backers, other potential or new players will accept the scale change which has turned the exo-armors, an emblematic symbol of the series and marketing hook (first edition depicted a full page illustration of a Jovian Exo-armor on cover which was also used on the RAFM blister's card) into a sort of battle counter (size matters... sometime), rather focusing on ship to ship maneuvers.
Product Line
IANUS Games (Mekton Supplements)
IMP-01: Jovian Chronicles: Campagne (January 1993).
IMP-02: Europa Incident: Campagne (January 1995).
Dream Pod 9
DP9-PJC: Jovian Chronicles - Promotional Poster(2002).
DP9-300: Jovian Chronicles - Lightning Strike Demo Game (2002).
DP9-301: Rules & Background for Jovian Chronicles - Enter the Saga of Mankind (June 1997).
DP9-302: Companion to Jovian Chronicles - Advanced Rules & Background(October 1997).
DP9-303: Mechanical Catalog - Exo-Armors & Spacecraft (July 1997).
DP9-304: Chaos Principle - Original Cinematic Adventure (April 1998).
DP9-305: Game Aid for Jovian Chronicles - Gamemastering Made Easy (April 1998).
DP9-306: Ships of the Fleet - Volume 1: Jovian Confederation (November 1998).
DP9-307: Spacer's Guide - A Guide to Life in the Twenty-third Century (May 2001).
DP9-308: Solapol - Sourcebook (May 1999).
DP9-309: Ships of the Fleet - Volume 3: CEGA Navy (November 1999).
DP9-310: Earth - Planet Sourcebook (June 2000).
DP9-311: Mechanical Catalog Two - Civilian Equipment & Spacecraft (August 2000).
DP9-312: Jovian Fleet - Blueprint File(1998).
DP9-313: Ships of the Fleet - Volume 2: Jovian Confederation (February 1999).
DP9-314: Lightning Strike - Fleet Combat Rules(1999).
DP9-315: CEGA Fleet - Blueprint File (1999).
DP9-316: Lightning Strike - Behind the Veil: Venus (1999).
DP9-317: Jupiter - Planet Sourcebook (February 2000).
DP9-318: Lightning Strike - Call to Arms (1999).
DP9-319: Ships of the Fleet - Volume 4: Venus (May 2000).
DP9-320: Shadow of CEGA - Planet Sourcebook (March 2001).
DP9-321: Space Equipment Handbook - Advanced Tools & Weapons (December 2000).
DP9-322: Lightning Strike - Second Edition (2000).
DP9-323: Nomads - Planet Sourcebook (July 2001).
DP9-324: Lightning Strike - Companion
DP9-325: Mercury - Planet Sourcebook (January 2002).
DP9-326: Venus - Planet Sourcebook (May 2002).
DP9-327: Mars - Planet Sourcebook (August 2002).
DP9-328: Cislunar Space - Planet Sourcebook (Mars 2003).
DP9-920: Jovian Chronicles Second Edition - RPG Player's Handbook (July 2003).
Reception
In September 1994, White Wolf gave the game a 3.5 out of 5 rating and said the game "offers a lot of material in a beautiful package".
Jovian Chronicles was featured on the front cover of the March–April 1997 edition of Pyramid (Vol. 1, Issue 24), and a sneak preview of the game was offered inside the same issue.
In the February 1998 edition of Dragon (Issue 244), Rick Swan reviewed both the Jovian Chronicles setting and the Heavy Gear setting (also published by Dream Pod 9), and praised the high production values: "Both are beautiful games, into which a lot of effort has been invested." Swan admired the "Silhouette" game system, calling it "the smartest set of universal rules this side of the GURPS game." But he criticized the combat rules, which he called "more work than fun", and he found little to be excited about in the setting, saying, "There's nothing terribly interesting going on here, and the game's ambitions seem awfully modest compared to the wide screen spectacle of Trinity." Given the setting's emphasis on robot combat, Swan believed that "Jovian Chronicles aims at players more interested in hardware than human beings." He concluded with an ambivalent shrug: "Other than the lifeless settings, I couldn’t find anything seriously wrong with... Jovian Chronicles. But I couldn’t find much to be excited about either."
A review of the Ship of the Fleet, Vol. 4 — a supplement describing six Venusian ships of the Jovian Chronicles line — that appeared in the August 11, 2000 issue of Pyramid found the supplement had failed in the small details that other works by Dream Pod 9 had possessed, saying "Being truly excellent is a double-edged sword: On the one hand, of course, you're excellent -- and that comes with a lot of perks. On the other hand, though, you have set yourself a very high standard indeed -- and a failure in the details suddenly becomes a notable offense."
Reviews
Mecha Press #10 (Nov./Dec. 1993)
Alarums & Excursions #313 (Sept. 2001)
Pyramid Volume 1 Issue #24 (March/April 1997)
Backstab #6
Casus Belli #109
References
External links
Dream Pod 9 (Publisher)
Canadian role-playing games
Dream Pod 9 games
Fiction about Earth
Fiction set on Jupiter
Fiction about main-belt asteroids
Fiction set on Mars
Fiction set on Mercury (planet)
Miniature wargames
Fiction about the Solar System
Fiction set on Titan (moon)
Fiction set on Venus
Mecha role-playing games
Campaign settings |
```c++
/*
========================================================================
Name : pjsuaContainer.cpp
Author : nanang
Description :
========================================================================
*/
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated System Includes]
#include <barsread.h>
#include <eikimage.h>
#include <eikenv.h>
#include <stringloader.h>
#include <eiklabel.h>
#include <aknviewappui.h>
#include <eikappui.h>
#include <akniconutils.h>
#include <pjsua.mbg>
#include <pjsua.rsg>
// ]]] end generated region [Generated System Includes]
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated User Includes]
#include "pjsuaContainer.h"
#include "pjsuaContainerView.h"
#include "pjsua.hrh"
// ]]] end generated region [Generated User Includes]
#include <eikmenub.h>
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Constants]
_LIT( KpjsuaFile, "\\resource\\apps\\pjsua.mbm" );
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Constants]
/**
* First phase of Symbian two-phase construction. Should not
* contain any code that could leave.
*/
CPjsuaContainer::CPjsuaContainer()
{
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
iImage1 = NULL;
iLabel1 = NULL;
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
}
/**
* Destroy child controls.
*/
CPjsuaContainer::~CPjsuaContainer()
{
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
delete iImage1;
iImage1 = NULL;
delete iLabel1;
iLabel1 = NULL;
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
}
/**
* Construct the control (first phase).
* Creates an instance and initializes it.
* Instance is not left on cleanup stack.
* @param aRect bounding rectangle
* @param aParent owning parent, or NULL
* @param aCommandObserver command observer
* @return initialized instance of CPjsuaContainer
*/
CPjsuaContainer* CPjsuaContainer::NewL(
const TRect& aRect,
const CCoeControl* aParent,
MEikCommandObserver* aCommandObserver )
{
CPjsuaContainer* self = CPjsuaContainer::NewLC(
aRect,
aParent,
aCommandObserver );
CleanupStack::Pop( self );
return self;
}
/**
* Construct the control (first phase).
* Creates an instance and initializes it.
* Instance is left on cleanup stack.
* @param aRect The rectangle for this window
* @param aParent owning parent, or NULL
* @param aCommandObserver command observer
* @return new instance of CPjsuaContainer
*/
CPjsuaContainer* CPjsuaContainer::NewLC(
const TRect& aRect,
const CCoeControl* aParent,
MEikCommandObserver* aCommandObserver )
{
CPjsuaContainer* self = new ( ELeave ) CPjsuaContainer();
CleanupStack::PushL( self );
self->ConstructL( aRect, aParent, aCommandObserver );
return self;
}
/**
* Construct the control (second phase).
* Creates a window to contain the controls and activates it.
* @param aRect bounding rectangle
* @param aCommandObserver command observer
* @param aParent owning parent, or NULL
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::ConstructL(
const TRect& aRect,
const CCoeControl* aParent,
MEikCommandObserver* aCommandObserver )
{
if ( aParent == NULL )
{
CreateWindowL();
}
else
{
SetContainerWindowL( *aParent );
}
iFocusControl = NULL;
iCommandObserver = aCommandObserver;
InitializeControlsL();
SetRect( aRect );
// Full screen
SetExtentToWholeScreen();
// Set label color
//iLabel1->OverrideColorL( EColorLabelText, KRgbWhite );
//iLabel1->OverrideColorL(EColorControlBackground, KRgbBlack )
iLabel1->SetEmphasis( CEikLabel::EFullEmphasis);
iLabel1->OverrideColorL( EColorLabelHighlightFullEmphasis, KRgbBlack );
iLabel1->OverrideColorL( EColorLabelTextEmphasis, KRgbWhite );
// Set label font
CFont* fontUsed;
_LIT(f,"Arial");
TFontSpec* fontSpec = new TFontSpec(f, 105);
TFontStyle* fontStyle = new TFontStyle();
fontStyle->SetPosture(EPostureUpright);
fontStyle->SetStrokeWeight(EStrokeWeightNormal);
fontSpec->iFontStyle = *fontStyle;
fontUsed = iCoeEnv->CreateScreenFontL(*fontSpec);
iLabel1->SetFont(fontUsed);
iLabel1->SetAlignment( EHCenterVCenter );
ActivateL();
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Post-ActivateL initializations]
// ]]] end generated region [Post-ActivateL initializations]
}
/**
* Return the number of controls in the container (override)
* @return count
*/
TInt CPjsuaContainer::CountComponentControls() const
{
return ( int ) ELastControl;
}
/**
* Get the control with the given index (override)
* @param aIndex Control index [0...n) (limited by #CountComponentControls)
* @return Pointer to control
*/
CCoeControl* CPjsuaContainer::ComponentControl( TInt aIndex ) const
{
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
switch ( aIndex )
{
case EImage1:
return iImage1;
case ELabel1:
return iLabel1;
}
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
// handle any user controls here...
return NULL;
}
/**
* Handle resizing of the container. This implementation will lay out
* full-sized controls like list boxes for any screen size, and will layout
* labels, editors, etc. to the size they were given in the UI designer.
* This code will need to be modified to adjust arbitrary controls to
* any screen size.
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::SizeChanged()
{
CCoeControl::SizeChanged();
LayoutControls();
// Align the image
int x = (Size().iWidth - iImage1->Size().iWidth) / 2;
int y = (Size().iHeight - iImage1->Size().iHeight) / 2;
iImage1->SetPosition(TPoint(x, y));
// Align the label
iLabel1->SetExtent(TPoint(0, Size().iHeight - iLabel1->Size().iHeight),
TSize(Size().iWidth, iLabel1->Size().iHeight));
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
}
// [[[ begin generated function: do not modify
/**
* Layout components as specified in the UI Designer
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::LayoutControls()
{
iImage1->SetExtent( TPoint( 0, 0 ), TSize( 99, 111 ) );
iLabel1->SetExtent( TPoint( 0, 196 ), TSize( 241, 27 ) );
}
// ]]] end generated function
/**
* Handle key events.
*/
TKeyResponse CPjsuaContainer::OfferKeyEventL(
const TKeyEvent& aKeyEvent,
TEventCode aType )
{
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
if ( iFocusControl != NULL
&& iFocusControl->OfferKeyEventL( aKeyEvent, aType ) == EKeyWasConsumed )
{
return EKeyWasConsumed;
}
return CCoeControl::OfferKeyEventL( aKeyEvent, aType );
}
// [[[ begin generated function: do not modify
/**
* Initialize each control upon creation.
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::InitializeControlsL()
{
iImage1 = new ( ELeave ) CEikImage;
{
CFbsBitmap *bitmap, *mask;
AknIconUtils::CreateIconL( bitmap, mask,
KpjsuaFile, EMbmPjsuaPjsua, -1 );
AknIconUtils::SetSize( bitmap, TSize( 99, 111 ), EAspectRatioPreserved );
iImage1->SetPicture( bitmap );
}
iImage1->SetAlignment( EHCenterVTop );
iLabel1 = new ( ELeave ) CEikLabel;
iLabel1->SetContainerWindowL( *this );
{
TResourceReader reader;
iEikonEnv->CreateResourceReaderLC( reader, R_PJSUA_CONTAINER_LABEL1 );
iLabel1->ConstructFromResourceL( reader );
CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(); // reader internal state
}
}
// ]]] end generated function
/**
* Handle global resource changes, such as scalable UI or skin events (override)
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::HandleResourceChange( TInt aType )
{
CCoeControl::HandleResourceChange( aType );
SetRect( iAvkonViewAppUi->View( TUid::Uid( EPjsuaContainerViewId ) )->ClientRect() );
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
}
/**
* Draw container contents.
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::Draw( const TRect& aRect ) const
{
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
CWindowGc& gc = SystemGc();
gc.SetPenStyle( CGraphicsContext::ENullPen );
TRgb backColor( 0,0,0 );
gc.SetBrushColor( backColor );
gc.SetBrushStyle( CGraphicsContext::ESolidBrush );
gc.DrawRect( aRect );
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
}
void CPjsuaContainer::PutMessageL( const char * msg )
{
if (!iLabel1)
return;
TPtrC8 ptr(reinterpret_cast<const TUint8*>(msg));
HBufC* buffer = HBufC::NewLC(ptr.Length());
buffer->Des().Copy(ptr);
iLabel1->SetTextL(*buffer);
iLabel1->DrawNow();
CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(buffer);
}
``` |
Sefid Ab (, also Romanized as Sefīd Āb and Safīd Āb) is a village in Rudbar-e Mohammad-e Zamani Rural District, Alamut-e Gharbi District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 507, in 110 families.
References
Populated places in Qazvin County |
```go
package issues_test
import (
"testing"
"time"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
)
func TestCreateComment(t *testing.T) {
assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{})
repo := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: issue.RepoID})
doer := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: repo.OwnerID})
now := time.Now().Unix()
comment, err := issues_model.CreateComment(db.DefaultContext, &issues_model.CreateCommentOptions{
Type: issues_model.CommentTypeComment,
Doer: doer,
Repo: repo,
Issue: issue,
Content: "Hello",
})
assert.NoError(t, err)
then := time.Now().Unix()
assert.EqualValues(t, issues_model.CommentTypeComment, comment.Type)
assert.EqualValues(t, "Hello", comment.Content)
assert.EqualValues(t, issue.ID, comment.IssueID)
assert.EqualValues(t, doer.ID, comment.PosterID)
unittest.AssertInt64InRange(t, now, then, int64(comment.CreatedUnix))
unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, comment) // assert actually added to DB
updatedIssue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: issue.ID})
unittest.AssertInt64InRange(t, now, then, int64(updatedIssue.UpdatedUnix))
}
func TestFetchCodeComments(t *testing.T) {
assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: 2})
user := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 1})
res, err := issues_model.FetchCodeComments(db.DefaultContext, issue, user, false)
assert.NoError(t, err)
assert.Contains(t, res, "README.md")
assert.Contains(t, res["README.md"], int64(4))
assert.Len(t, res["README.md"][4], 1)
assert.Equal(t, int64(4), res["README.md"][4][0].ID)
user2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2})
res, err = issues_model.FetchCodeComments(db.DefaultContext, issue, user2, false)
assert.NoError(t, err)
assert.Len(t, res, 1)
}
func TestAsCommentType(t *testing.T) {
assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentType(0), issues_model.CommentTypeComment)
assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentTypeUndefined, issues_model.AsCommentType(""))
assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentTypeUndefined, issues_model.AsCommentType("nonsense"))
assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentTypeComment, issues_model.AsCommentType("comment"))
assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentTypePRUnScheduledToAutoMerge, issues_model.AsCommentType("pull_cancel_scheduled_merge"))
}
func TestMigrate_InsertIssueComments(t *testing.T) {
assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: 1})
_ = issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
owner := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: issue.Repo.OwnerID})
reaction := &issues_model.Reaction{
Type: "heart",
UserID: owner.ID,
}
comment := &issues_model.Comment{
PosterID: owner.ID,
Poster: owner,
IssueID: issue.ID,
Issue: issue,
Reactions: []*issues_model.Reaction{reaction},
}
err := issues_model.InsertIssueComments(db.DefaultContext, []*issues_model.Comment{comment})
assert.NoError(t, err)
issueModified := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: 1})
assert.EqualValues(t, issue.NumComments+1, issueModified.NumComments)
unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &issues_model.Issue{})
}
``` |
```objective-c
//
// WXSTransitionManager+SpreadAnimation.m
// WXSTransition
//
// Created by AlanWang on 16/9/21.
//
#import "WXSTransitionManager+SpreadAnimation.h"
@implementation WXSTransitionManager (SpreadAnimation)
- (void)spreadNextWithType:(WXSTransitionAnimationType)type andTransitonContext:(id<UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext {
UIViewController *fromVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey];
UIViewController *toVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey];
UIView *tempView = [toVC.view snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:YES];
UIView *containerView = [transitionContext containerView];
[containerView addSubview:toVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:fromVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:tempView];
CGFloat screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
CGFloat screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
CGRect rect0 ;
CGRect rect1 = CGRectMake(0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight);
switch (type) {
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromRight:
rect0 = CGRectMake(screenWidth, 0, 2, screenHeight);
break;
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromLeft:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, 0, 2, screenHeight);
break;
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromTop:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, 0, screenWidth, 2);
break;
default:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, screenHeight , screenWidth, 2);
break;
}
UIBezierPath *startPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect:rect0];
UIBezierPath *endPath =[UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect:rect1];
CAShapeLayer *maskLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
maskLayer.path = endPath.CGPath; //
tempView.layer.mask = maskLayer;
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"path"];
animation.fromValue = (__bridge id)(startPath.CGPath);
animation.toValue = (__bridge id)((endPath.CGPath));
animation.duration = self.animationTime;
animation.delegate = self;
[maskLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"NextPath"];
self.completionBlock = ^(){
if ([transitionContext transitionWasCancelled]) {
[transitionContext completeTransition:NO];
}else{
[transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
}
[tempView removeFromSuperview];
};
}
- (void)spreadBackWithType:(WXSTransitionAnimationType)type andTransitonContext:(id<UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext {
UIViewController *fromVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey];
UIViewController *toVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey];
UIView *tempView = [toVC.view snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:YES];
UIView *containerView = [transitionContext containerView];
[containerView addSubview:toVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:fromVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:tempView];
CGFloat screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
CGFloat screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
CGRect rect0 ;
CGRect rect1 = CGRectMake(0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight);
switch (type) {
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromRight:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, 0, 2, screenHeight);
break;
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromLeft:
rect0 = CGRectMake(screenWidth-2, 0, 2, screenHeight);
break;
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromTop:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, screenHeight - 2 , screenWidth, 2);
break;
default:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, 0, screenWidth, 2);
break;
}
UIBezierPath *startPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect:rect0];
UIBezierPath *endPath =[UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect:rect1];
CAShapeLayer *maskLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
tempView.layer.mask = maskLayer;
maskLayer.path = endPath.CGPath;
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"path"];
animation.delegate = self;
animation.fromValue = (__bridge id)(startPath.CGPath);
animation.toValue = (__bridge id)((endPath.CGPath));
animation.duration = self.animationTime;
animation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
[maskLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"BackPath"];
__weak UIViewController * weakToVC = toVC;
self.willEndInteractiveBlock = ^(BOOL success) {
if (success) {
maskLayer.path = endPath.CGPath;
}else{
maskLayer.path = startPath.CGPath;
}
};
self.completionBlock = ^(){
[tempView removeFromSuperview];
if ([transitionContext transitionWasCancelled]) {
[transitionContext completeTransition:NO];
}else{
[transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
weakToVC.view.hidden = NO;
}
};
}
- (void)pointSpreadNextWithContext:(id<UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext{
UIViewController *fromVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey];
UIViewController *toVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey];
UIView *tempView = [toVC.view snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:YES];
UIView *containerView = [transitionContext containerView];
[containerView addSubview:toVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:fromVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:tempView];
CGFloat screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
CGFloat screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(containerView.center.x - 1, containerView.center.y - 1, 2, 2);
if (self.startView) {
CGPoint tempCenter = [self.startView convertPoint:self.startView.center toView:containerView];
rect = CGRectMake(tempCenter.x - 1, tempCenter.y - 1, 2, 2);
}
UIBezierPath *startPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithOvalInRect:rect];
UIBezierPath *endPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:containerView.center radius:sqrt(screenHeight * screenHeight + screenWidth * screenWidth) startAngle:0 endAngle:M_PI*2 clockwise:YES];
CAShapeLayer *maskLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
maskLayer.path = endPath.CGPath;
tempView.layer.mask = maskLayer;
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"path"];
animation.delegate = self;
animation.fromValue = (__bridge id)(startPath.CGPath);
animation.toValue = (__bridge id)((endPath.CGPath));
animation.duration = self.animationTime;
animation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
[maskLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"PointNextPath"];
self.completionBlock = ^(){
if ([transitionContext transitionWasCancelled]) {
[transitionContext completeTransition:NO];
[tempView removeFromSuperview];
}else{
[transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
toVC.view.hidden = NO;
[tempView removeFromSuperview];
}
};
}
- (void)pointSpreadBackWithContext:(id<UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext{
UIViewController *fromVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey];
UIViewController *toVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey];
UIView *containerView = [transitionContext containerView];
UIView *tempView = [fromVC.view snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:NO]; //YES
[containerView addSubview:toVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:tempView];
CGFloat screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
CGFloat screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(containerView.center.x-1, containerView.center.y-1, 2, 2);
if (self.startView) {
CGPoint tempCenter = [self.startView convertPoint:self.startView.center toView:containerView];
rect = CGRectMake(tempCenter.x - 1, tempCenter.y - 1, 2, 2);
}
UIBezierPath *startPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:containerView.center radius:sqrt(screenHeight * screenHeight + screenWidth * screenWidth)/2 startAngle:0 endAngle:M_PI*2 clockwise:YES];
UIBezierPath *endPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithOvalInRect:rect];
CAShapeLayer *maskLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
maskLayer.path = endPath.CGPath;
tempView.layer.mask = maskLayer;
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"path"];
animation.delegate = self;
animation.fromValue = (__bridge id)(startPath.CGPath);
animation.toValue = (__bridge id)((endPath.CGPath));
animation.duration = self.animationTime;
animation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
[maskLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"PointBackPath"];
self.willEndInteractiveBlock = ^(BOOL sucess) {
if (sucess) {
maskLayer.path = endPath.CGPath;
}else{
maskLayer.path = startPath.CGPath;
}
};
self.completionBlock = ^(){
if ([transitionContext transitionWasCancelled]) {
[transitionContext completeTransition:NO];
}else{
[transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
toVC.view.hidden = NO;
}
[tempView removeFromSuperview];
};
}
@end
``` |
The legislative districts of Muntinlupa are the representations of the highly urbanized city of Muntinlupa in the Congress of the Philippines. The city is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress through its lone congressional district.
History
Muntinlupa was initially represented as part of the at-large district of the province of Manila in the Malolos Congress from 1898 to 1899. The then-town was later incorporated to the province of Rizal, established in 1901, and was represented as part of the first district of Rizal from 1907 to 1941 (including its time as part of Taguig until 1918) and from 1945 to 1972. During World War II, it was represented as part of the at-large district of Rizal in the National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic from 1943 to 1944. Muntinlupa was separated from Rizal on November 7, 1975 by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 824, and was represented in the Interim Batasang Pambansa along with other Metropolitan Manila municipalities and cities as part of Region IV from 1978 to 1984.
From 1984 to 1986, Muntinlupa was grouped with Pateros and Taguig (as the Legislative district of Taguig–Pateros–Muntinlupa) for representation in the Regular Batasang Pambansa. In 1987, it was grouped with Las Piñas to form the Legislative district of Las Piñas–Muntinlupa. Muntinlupa first elected its own representative in 1998, after its city charter (Republic Act No. 7926) was approved on March 1, 1995 and ratified on May 8, 1995.
Lone District
References
Muntinlupa
Muntinlupa
Politics of Muntinlupa |
Qaleh-ye Sheykh or Qaleh Sheykh () may refer to:
Qaleh-ye Sheykh, Alborz
Qaleh-ye Sheykh, East Azerbaijan
Qaleh-ye Sheykh, Hamadan
Qaleh-ye Sheykh, Khuzestan
Qaleh-ye Sheykh, Lorestan
Qaleh Sheykh, Markazi
Qaleh-ye Sheykh, Tehran |
C. W. Miller House is a historic home located adjacent to the campus of Mary Baldwin University at Staunton, Virginia. It was built in 1899–1900, and is a 2 1/2-story, three bay, brick and stone building in a Châteauesque / Romanesque Revival style. It features four decorated brick chimneys with elaborately corbelled caps, a one-story wraparound porch, and a three-story round tower at the corner of the house. At one time the house was sold to Mary Baldwin College for the music school, but has since returned to private ownership.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It is located in the Stuart Addition Historic District.
References
See also
Hilltop, Main, and Rose Terrace, are other NRHP-listed building on the campus.
University and college buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Romanesque Revival architecture in Virginia
Houses completed in 1900
Houses in Staunton, Virginia
Mary Baldwin University
National Register of Historic Places in Staunton, Virginia
Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Virginia |
is a Japanese manga series written by Inujun and illustrated by Namamugi, based on the Seiyū San-Shimai Team Y unit formed by voice actresses Mikoi Sasaki, Aimi, and Ayasa Itō. It has been serialized in Bushiroad's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Bushiroad since January 2021 and has been collected in three tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation by Drive titled Teppen!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Laughing 'til You Cry aired from July to September 2022.
Characters
Young Wai-wai
is a manzai group that represents Kansai region.
Celebri-Tea
is a manzai group that represents Tōkai region.
Akudare Kingdom
is a manzai group that represents Kantō region.
Invaders
is a manzai group that represents Hokkaido area.
Bullet Kunoichi
is a manzai group that represents Kansai area.
Other characters
Media
Manga
The manga series is written by Inujun and illustrated by Namamugi and has been serialized in Bushiroad's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Bushiroad since January 2021. Three tankōbon volumes were released as of July 2022.
Anime
An anime television series adaptation titled Teppen!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Laughing 'til You Cry was announced on January 6, 2022. The series is produced by Drive and directed by Toshinori Watanabe, with Shinji Takamatsu serving as chief director, Jun Kumagai writing and supervising scripts, Yoshiyuko Ōkubo designing the characters, and Technoboys Pulcraft Green-Fund composing the music. It aired from July 2 to September 24, 2022, on Tokyo MX, CTV, SUN, and HTB. The opening theme song is "Teppen— Tengoku ~TOP OF THE LAUGH!!!~" by Teppen— All Stars, a unit composed of the 15 main cast members, while the ending theme song is "Ahatte Teppen" by May'n. Crunchyroll has licensed the series. The series' second episode was postponed from its original airing following the assassination of Shinzo Abe, and instead aired on September 10, 2022. A special episode funded by Minamishimabara City will be produced if funding is successful.
Notes
References
External links
Anime series based on manga
Bushiroad
Crunchyroll anime
Drive (studio)
Shōnen manga
Tokyo MX original programming |
At the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, seven events in shooting were contested, all for men only. They were held between 29 November and 5 December 1956.
Medal summary
Participating nations
A total of 156 shooters from 37 nations competed at the Melbourne Games:
Medal table
References
External links
1956 Summer Olympics events
1956
Olympics
Shooting sports in Australia
Shooting competitions in Australia |
Dufferin is a rural municipality in the province of Manitoba in Western Canada. The separately administered town of Carman lies near its centre.
The R.M. was named after Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava who was Governor General of Canada (1872–78). The now rural municipality was described as a new settlement in 1874.
Communities
Barnsley
Graysville
Homewood
Roseisle
Stephenfield
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Dufferin had a population of 2,543 living in 761 of its 806 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 2,435. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
References
Manitoba Historical Society - Rural Municipality of Dufferin
Map of Dufferin R.M. at Statcan
External links
Carman/Dufferin Heritage Advisory Committee
Dufferin |
89th NBR Awards
Best Film:
The Post
The 89th National Board of Review Awards, honoring the best in film for 2017, were announced on November 28, 2017.
Top 10 Films
Films listed alphabetically except top, which is ranked as Best Film of the Year:
The Post
Baby Driver
Call Me by Your Name
The Disaster Artist
Downsizing
Dunkirk
The Florida Project
Get Out
Lady Bird
Logan
Phantom Thread
Top Foreign Films
Foxtrot
A Fantastic Woman
Frantz
Loveless
The Square
Summer 1993
Top Documentaries
Jane
Abacus: Small Enough to Jail
Brimstone & Glory
Eric Clapton: Life in 12 Bars
Faces Places
Hell on Earth: The Fall of Syria and the Rise of ISIS
Top Independent Films
Beatriz at Dinner
Brigsby Bear
A Ghost Story
Lady Macbeth
Logan Lucky
Loving Vincent
Menashe
Norman
Patti Cake$
Wind River
Winners
Best Film:
The Post
Best Director:
Greta Gerwig, Lady Bird
Best Actor:
Tom Hanks, The Post
Best Actress:
Meryl Streep, The Post
Best Supporting Actor:
Willem Dafoe, The Florida Project
Best Supporting Actress:
Laurie Metcalf, Lady Bird
Best Original Screenplay:
Paul Thomas Anderson, Phantom Thread
Best Adapted Screenplay:
Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber, The Disaster Artist
Best Animated Feature:
Coco
Breakthrough Performance:
Timothée Chalamet, Call Me by Your Name
Best Directorial Debut:
Jordan Peele, Get Out
Best Foreign Language Film:
Foxtrot
Best Documentary:
Jane
Best Ensemble:
Get Out
Spotlight Award:
Wonder Woman, Patty Jenkins and Gal Gadot
NBR Freedom of Expression:
First They Killed My Father
Let It Fall: Los Angeles 1982–1992
References
National Board of Review Awards
2017 film awards
2017 in American cinema |
Cipada is a village in the district Cikalongwetan, West Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia.
Villages in District Cikalongwetan
Cikalong
Cipada
Ciptagumati
Cisomang Barat
Ganjarsari
Kanangasari
Mandalamukti
Mandalasari
Mekarjaya
Puteran
Rende
Tenjolaut
Wangunjaya
References
Villages in West Java |
Major Claus Enevold Paarss (18 February 1683 – 26 May 1762) was a Danish military officer and official. Retired from service, he was appointed governor of Greenland by King Frederick IV between 1728 and 1730.
Paarss was born in Thy in then Denmark–Norway in 1683 and commanded a Danish man-of-war and three or four other ships to Hans Egede's "Haabets Koloni" on Kangeq, which he removed to the mainland opposite and fortified under the name "Godt-Haab", later known as Godthåb and then Nuuk. His contingent of colonists consisted of twenty soldiers, three sergeants, and two officers from the Danish artillery corps, along with twelve military convicts, ten unmarried mothers, and two female convicts who were to be wed to one another according to lots. He also carried a dozen horses.
After putting down a general mutiny, Paarss tried and failed twice to cross the island from the Ameralik Fjord in search of resources and a connection to the supposed location of the old Norse Eastern Settlement. He also proposed a scheme to populate Greenland with fallen Danish aristocrats and their households on the model of the French colonies in Canada. Meanwhile, forty of his colonists died of scurvy and other complaints, leading to the abandonment of the colony even by the native Greenlanders.
Paarss died in Korsør in 1762.
See also
Danish colonization of Greenland
List of governors of Greenland
Hans Egede, a Lutheran missionary active at Paarss's settlement
References
1683 births
1762 deaths
Danish emigrants to Greenland
Governors of Greenland
Norwegian emigrants to Greenland
18th-century Danish politicians |
Faalavaau Galu (12 September 1902 – 29 October 1975) was a Western Samoan chief and politician. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly from 1957 until 1973, and served as Minister for the Post Office, Radio and Broadcasting between 1957 and 1970.
Biography
Born in 1902, Galu was conferred with the Faalavaau title in 1923. During his youth he was an excellent cricketer and rugby player.
He joined the anti-colonial Mau movement, becoming its secretary. A member of the Fono of Faipule, he also served as the body's chair. In 1939 he was appointed to the Legislative Council, serving until 1946. After leaving the Council, he worked for the Union Company and I.H. Carruthers. In 1956 he was convicted of failing to account for goods at his employer and sentenced to six months in prison. However, after the money was repaid, his sentence was replaced with a £15 fine.
Galu returned to politics in 1957, when he was elected to the reconstituted Legislative Assembly. Following the elections, he was appointed Minister for the Post Office and Radio, with Broadcasting added to his portfolio in 1958. In 1960 he participated in the Constitutional Assembly and was one of the signatories of the new constitution. He was re-elected in 1961, 1964 and 1967, retaining his ministerial portfolio under Prime Minister Fiame Mata'afa following each election. Although he was re-elected again in 1970, Mata'afa lost the election for Prime Minister and Galu was not appointed to a post in the new cabinet. He did not contest the 1973 elections.
Galu died in October 1975 at the age of 73. He was survived by his wife and their four adopted daughters.
References
1902 births
Samoan chiefs
Members of the Legislative Council of Samoa
Members of the Legislative Assembly of Samoa
Government ministers of Samoa
1975 deaths |
Homero Gómez González ( – January 2020) was a Mexican environmental activist, agricultural engineer, and politician. He was the manager of El Rosario Monarch Butterfly Preserve, a component of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve. Gómez served as municipal president and commissioner of , Michoacán.
Career
Homero Gómez González grew up in in western Michoacán. He came from a logging family and was a logger before becoming an environmental and anti-logging activist. He was a skeptic of conservation efforts, fearful that ending logging activities would lead to poverty. He studied at Chapingo Autonomous University and became an agricultural engineer. Gómez later saw the potential for tourism and formulated the idea of a sanctuary. He collaborated with conservationists at the World Wildlife Fund and scientists.
By the early 2000s, Gómez stopped logging and convinced others when the impacts of deforestation became apparent. Logging is now illegal in Rosario. He became the municipal president and commissioner of El Rosario and was succeeded by Miguel Angel Cruz. Gómez managed and served as spokesperson of the El Rosario Monarch Butterfly Preserve, a component of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve.
He used social media to share images of monarch butterflies. Gómez was a prominent butterfly activist. He led efforts to keep loggers out of the reserve and organized marches, demonstrations, and anti-logging patrols. He worked with the government to increase the stipend local farmers could receive for preserving trees. Gómez managed 150 hectares of reforested land. He encouraged 260 communal land owners to reforest corn fields. He was a representative of the ejido in El Rosario.
Personal life
Gómez resided in Ocampo, Michoacán, with his wife, Rebeca Valencia González. They had at least one son.
Disappearance and death
Gómez was last seen alive on 13 January 2020 attending a meeting in the village of . His brother stated he was last seen on 13 January at a fair with Ocampo mayor, Roberto Arriaga Colín and other municipal officials. His family reported him missing the next day. They received phone calls from individuals claiming to have kidnapped him, asking for ransom payments, which human rights activist Mayte Cardona said the family paid. Over 200 volunteers joined the search for Gómez. The entire police force of Ocampo and Angangueo were detained for questioning. More than two weeks after his disappearance, his body was found in an agricultural reservoir in Ocampo. He was 50 years old at the time of his death. Because of his work combating illegal logging, and because Raúl Hernández Romero—another activist connected to the butterfly sanctuary—was also found dead a few days later, it has been speculated that he was targeted by organized criminals. Gloria Tavera, an official with the National Commission of Protected Natural Areas stated they believe Gómez's death was not related to his activism. Michoacán state prosecutors initially found no signs of violence on the body, but a later autopsy revealed that Gómez had suffered a head injury before drowning. State prosecutor, Adrián López Solís reported that robbery does not appear to be a motive as nearly US$500 (more than 10,000 pesos) in cash was found on Gómez's body.
Shortly after Gómez's body was recovered, the body of Raúl Hernández Romero was found. Hernández was a tour guide at the same reserve as Gómez; it is unknown if the two deaths are connected.
Reactions
Michoacán Governor Silvano Aureoles Conejo expressed hope that Gómez would be found alive. Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador called Gómez's death "regrettable" and "painful". Poet and environmentalist Homero Aridjis stated to the Associated Press that "if they can kidnap and kill the people who work for the reserves, who is going to defend the environment in Mexico?"
The director of the World Heritage Centre, Mechtild Rössler, as well as Miguel Clüsener-Godt, director of the Man and the Biosphere Programme, both expressed sadness and concern after the death of Gómez.
In Germany, the first "flower field passage" against species extinction was named "González Romero Blühwiesenkorridor - Blumiger Landkreis Osnabrück" (also as a tribute to the environment activist Raúl Hernández Romero)
The deaths of Gómez and Hernandez led to calls for better protection of environmental defenders.
References
Mexican environmentalists
2020 deaths
People from Michoacán
Deaths by drowning
Deaths from asphyxiation
Assassinated activists
21st-century Mexican politicians
Municipal presidents in Michoacán
Assassinated Mexican politicians
Agricultural engineers
Mexican engineers
21st-century engineers
2020 murders in Mexico
Land defender
2020s assassinated politicians |
Solal of the Solals () is a 1930 novel by the Swiss writer Albert Cohen. It was published in English in 1933. It was Cohen's first novel, and the first part in a loosely connected series of four; it was followed by Nailcruncher, Belle du Seigneur and Les Valeureux.
Reception
The book was reviewed in Time in 1933: "Publishers, like other advertisers, cry 'Wolf! Wolf!' to a semi-attentive public. ... Consequently, in those blue moons when they have something to shout about, a sharp-toothed masterpiece may slip undetected into the gentle reader's fold, cause much silent havoc before the alarm is given. Though Publisher Dutton has sounded no extra-special warning, Solal is such a masterpiece-in-sheep's-clothing. Wolf would be a misnomer: nothing so leonine has come down the pike in many a blue moon."
See also
1930 in literature
Swiss literature
References
1930 novels
French-language novels
Novels by Albert Cohen
Swiss novels
Éditions Gallimard books |
InFaith has its roots in the First Day Society (founded 1790). InFaith officially formed in 1817 as the “Sunday and Adult School Union.” In 1824, the organization changed its name to American Sunday School Union (ASSU). Then, in 1974, the ASSU changed its name to American Missionary Fellowship. It became "InFaith" on September 1, 2011.
History
With roots in the First Day Society (founded 1790), the InFaith officially formed in 1817 as the "Sunday and Adult School Union". In addition to its primary work of starting Sunday schools in rural communities, the Sunday and Adult School Union became known for its publications and its ticket reward system for Sunday school students who memorized Scripture. Several people influential in the United States during the 19th century, including Francis Scott Key, Associate Supreme Court Justice Bushrod Washington, and U.S. Mint Director James Pollock, served as officers of the mission; many others supported the mission in other ways.
In 1824, the organization changed its name to "American Sunday School Union" (ASSU). Its initial efforts were directed at frontier areas. In 1830, the ASSU began the Mississippi Valley Enterprise, through which missionaries worked to "establish a Sunday-school in every destitute place where it is practicable throughout the Valley of the Mississippi" within two years. "Stuttering Stephen" Paxton, perhaps the most well known ASSU missionary, took part in this. He started 1,314 Sunday schools during his twenty years of service with the mission.
Eventually, the ASSU grew beyond starting Sunday schools to include church planting, Christian camping, and other ministries. In 1974, the ASSU changed its name to "American Missionary Fellowship" to reflect this broader ministry range. Under this name, the mission continued to start new evangelical works in overlooked communities across the United States.
In 2011, a final name change to "InFaith" was made.
According to InFaith's website: "Contemporary InFaith field staff members work in a variety of ministries in rural and urban areas, focusing particularly on places overlooked or underserved by other evangelistic ministries. While InFaith has grown well beyond its original goal of starting Sunday schools for poor children, the mission faithfully continues to convey the unchanging truth of God’s Word to a changing culture."
References
External links
http://infaith.org
Sunday schools
Christian organizations based in the United States
Religious organizations established in 1817
1817 establishments in the United States |
Sedi may refer to:
Sedi Township, Sichuan, China
Sədi, Azerbaijan |
The Last Shot () is a 1951 West German historical drama film directed by Franz Seitz and starring Angelika Hauff, Viktor Staal and Heinrich Gretler. It is part of the post-war group of heimatfilm, set in rural Southern Germany. It was made by a Munich-based independent company at the Bavaria Studios. It was produced by the director's son Franz Seitz. Location shooting took place around the Schliersee in Bavaria. The film's sets were designed by Ernst H. Albrecht and Arne Flekstad.
Cast
Angelika Hauff as Hanni Manhard
Viktor Staal as Thomas Scharrer
Heinrich Gretler as Scharrer, Neuwirt
Adolf Gondrell as Forstmeister Manhard
Gustl Gstettenbaur as Jäger Martin
Hans Terofal as Quirin, Knecht beim Neuwirt
Georg Vogelsang as Gröberbauer
Georg Bauer as Jäger Bartl
Elise Aulinger as Gröberbäuerin
Ilse Fitz as Loni, Tochter vom Gröberhof
Paula Braend as Frau Manhard
Theodolinde Müller as Afra, Sennerin
References
Bibliography
James Robert Parish. Film Actors Guide. Scarecrow Press, 1977.
External links
1951 films
German drama films
1951 drama films
West German films
1950s German-language films
Films directed by Franz Seitz
Films shot at Bavaria Studios
German black-and-white films
1950s German films
Films set in Bavaria
Films set in the 1880s
German historical films
1950s historical films |
```c
/*
*
*/
/* Basic littlefs operations:
* * create
* * write
* * stat
* * read
* * seek
* * tell
* * truncate
* * unlink
* * sync
*/
#include <string.h>
#include <zephyr/ztest.h>
#include "testfs_tests.h"
#include "testfs_lfs.h"
#include <lfs.h>
#include <zephyr/fs/littlefs.h>
static int mount(struct fs_mount_t *mp)
{
TC_PRINT("mounting %s\n", mp->mnt_point);
zassert_equal(fs_mount(mp), 0,
"mount failed");
return TC_PASS;
}
static int clear_partition(struct fs_mount_t *mp)
{
TC_PRINT("clearing partition %s\n", mp->mnt_point);
zassert_equal(testfs_lfs_wipe_partition(mp),
TC_PASS,
"failed to wipe partition");
return TC_PASS;
}
static int clean_statvfs(const struct fs_mount_t *mp)
{
struct fs_statvfs stat;
TC_PRINT("checking clean statvfs of %s\n", mp->mnt_point);
zassert_equal(fs_statvfs(mp->mnt_point, &stat), 0,
"statvfs failed");
TC_PRINT("%s: bsize %lu ; frsize %lu ; blocks %lu ; bfree %lu\n",
mp->mnt_point,
stat.f_bsize, stat.f_frsize, stat.f_blocks, stat.f_bfree);
zassert_equal(stat.f_bsize, 16,
"bsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_frsize, 4096,
"frsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_blocks, 16,
"blocks fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_bfree, stat.f_blocks - 2U,
"bfree fail");
return TC_PASS;
}
static int check_medium(void)
{
struct fs_mount_t *mp = &testfs_medium_mnt;
struct fs_statvfs stat;
zassert_equal(clear_partition(mp), TC_PASS,
"clear partition failed");
zassert_equal(fs_mount(mp), 0,
"medium mount failed");
zassert_equal(fs_statvfs(mp->mnt_point, &stat), 0,
"statvfs failed");
TC_PRINT("%s: bsize %lu ; frsize %lu ; blocks %lu ; bfree %lu\n",
mp->mnt_point,
stat.f_bsize, stat.f_frsize, stat.f_blocks, stat.f_bfree);
zassert_equal(stat.f_bsize, MEDIUM_IO_SIZE,
"bsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_frsize, 4096,
"frsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_blocks, 240,
"blocks fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_bfree, stat.f_blocks - 2U,
"bfree fail");
zassert_equal(fs_unmount(mp), 0,
"medium unmount failed");
return TC_PASS;
}
static int check_large(void)
{
struct fs_mount_t *mp = &testfs_large_mnt;
struct fs_statvfs stat;
zassert_equal(clear_partition(mp), TC_PASS,
"clear partition failed");
zassert_equal(fs_mount(mp), 0,
"large mount failed");
zassert_equal(fs_statvfs(mp->mnt_point, &stat), 0,
"statvfs failed");
TC_PRINT("%s: bsize %lu ; frsize %lu ; blocks %lu ; bfree %lu\n",
mp->mnt_point,
stat.f_bsize, stat.f_frsize, stat.f_blocks, stat.f_bfree);
zassert_equal(stat.f_bsize, LARGE_IO_SIZE,
"bsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_frsize, 32768,
"frsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_blocks, 96,
"blocks fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_bfree, stat.f_blocks - 2U,
"bfree fail");
zassert_equal(fs_unmount(mp), 0,
"large unmount failed");
return TC_PASS;
}
static int num_files(struct fs_mount_t *mp)
{
struct testfs_path path;
char name[2] = { 0 };
const char *pstr;
struct fs_file_t files[CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_FILES];
size_t fi = 0;
int rc;
memset(files, 0, sizeof(files));
TC_PRINT("CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_FILES=%u\n", CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_FILES);
while (fi < ARRAY_SIZE(files)) {
struct fs_file_t *const file = &files[fi];
name[0] = 'A' + fi;
pstr = testfs_path_init(&path, mp,
name,
TESTFS_PATH_END);
TC_PRINT("opening %s\n", pstr);
rc = fs_open(file, pstr, FS_O_CREATE | FS_O_RDWR);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "open %s failed: %d", pstr, rc);
rc = testfs_write_incrementing(file, 0, TESTFS_BUFFER_SIZE);
zassert_equal(rc, TESTFS_BUFFER_SIZE, "write %s failed: %d", pstr, rc);
++fi;
}
while (fi-- != 0) {
struct fs_file_t *const file = &files[fi];
name[0] = 'A' + fi;
pstr = testfs_path_init(&path, mp,
name,
TESTFS_PATH_END);
TC_PRINT("Close and unlink %s\n", pstr);
rc = fs_close(file);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "close %s failed: %d", pstr, rc);
rc = fs_unlink(pstr);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "unlink %s failed: %d", pstr, rc);
}
return TC_PASS;
}
static int num_dirs(struct fs_mount_t *mp)
{
struct testfs_path path;
char name[3] = "Dx";
const char *pstr;
struct fs_dir_t dirs[CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_DIRS];
size_t di = 0;
int rc;
memset(dirs, 0, sizeof(dirs));
TC_PRINT("CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_DIRS=%u\n", CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_DIRS);
while (di < ARRAY_SIZE(dirs)) {
struct fs_dir_t *const dir = &dirs[di];
name[1] = 'A' + di;
pstr = testfs_path_init(&path, mp,
name,
TESTFS_PATH_END);
TC_PRINT("making and opening directory %s\n", pstr);
rc = fs_mkdir(pstr);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "mkdir %s failed: %d", pstr, rc);
rc = fs_opendir(dir, pstr);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "opendir %s failed: %d", name, rc);
++di;
}
while (di-- != 0) {
struct fs_dir_t *const dir = &dirs[di];
name[1] = 'A' + di;
pstr = testfs_path_init(&path, mp,
name,
TESTFS_PATH_END);
TC_PRINT("Close and rmdir %s\n", pstr);
rc = fs_closedir(dir);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "closedir %s failed: %d", name, rc);
rc = fs_unlink(pstr);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "unlink %s failed: %d", name, rc);
}
return TC_PASS;
}
void test_fs_basic(void);
/* Mount structure needed by test_fs_basic tests. */
struct fs_mount_t *fs_basic_test_mp = &testfs_small_mnt;
ZTEST(littlefs, test_lfs_basic)
{
struct fs_mount_t *mp = &testfs_small_mnt;
zassert_equal(clear_partition(mp), TC_PASS,
"clear partition failed");
/* Common basic tests.
* (File system is mounted and unmounted during that test.)
*/
test_fs_basic();
/* LittleFS specific tests */
zassert_equal(mount(mp), TC_PASS,
"clean mount failed");
zassert_equal(clean_statvfs(mp), TC_PASS,
"clean statvfs failed");
zassert_equal(num_files(mp), TC_PASS,
"num_files failed");
zassert_equal(num_dirs(mp), TC_PASS,
"num_dirs failed");
TC_PRINT("unmounting %s\n", mp->mnt_point);
zassert_equal(fs_unmount(mp), 0,
"unmount small failed");
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_APP_TEST_CUSTOM)) {
zassert_equal(check_medium(), TC_PASS,
"check medium failed");
zassert_equal(check_large(), TC_PASS,
"check large failed");
}
}
``` |
Chrysallida minutissima is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies. The species is one of a number within the genus Chrysallida.
Distribution
This species occurs in the following locations:
Cape Verde archipelago
References
External links
To Encyclopedia of Life
To World Register of Marine Species
minutissima
Gastropods described in 1906
Gastropods of Cape Verde |
```yaml
openapi: "3.0.0"
paths:
/pets:
get:
responses:
'200':
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/V1.Pets"
components:
schemas:
<caret>V1.Pets:
``` |
Trix may refer to:
Brands and products
Trix (cereal), a breakfast cereal made by General Mills
Trix yogurt, branded Yoplait yogurt
Trix (company), the German company that produced Trix construction and model train sets
Trix (toyline), originally produced in Germany and later in the UK
Kodak Tri-X, a popular brand of black-and-white photographic film from Kodak
Google Trix, internal codename for Google Sheets component of Google Docs
Science and technology
Trix (dinosaur), a Tyrannosaurus rex specimen
TRIX (operating system), start for the first attempt at the GNU kernel
Trix (technical analysis), triple exponential, a technical analysis oscillator
TriX (serialization format), Triples in XML, a serialization of Resource Description Framework models
Arts and entertainment
Trix & Flix, the two official mascots for UEFA Euro 2008
Trix Gilmore, a recurring character on the TV series Gilmore Girls
Trix MacMillan, a fictional character in the Eighth Doctor Adventures novels based upon the Doctor Who television series
Trix Records, a blues record label
Trix (Trillizas de oro) (born 1960), pop group of blonde identical triplet women
The Trix (Winx Club), a group of antagonists in the television series Winx Club
People
Helen Trix (1886–1951), American actress, dancer, singer, and song composer
Trix Worrell (born 1959), St Lucia-born writer, composer, and director
Trix Rechner, Swiss high jumper
Trix Heberlein (born 1942), Swiss politician
(born 1939), South African rugby union player
Trix, one half of the British Asian rap duo Metz N Trix
See also
Trick (disambiguation) |
Western Express Highway (Officially kwown as Bisleri Western Express Highway and abbreviated - Bisleri WEH) is an elevated metro station on the East-West Corridor of the Blue Line 1 of Mumbai Metro serving the Andheri suburb of Mumbai, India. It is the flagship station of the line and was opened to the public on 8 June 2014.
History
In August 2016, MMOPL announced that WEH station would be rebranded as MagicBricks WEH Metro station, as part of a sponsorship deal.
Station layout
Facilities
List of food outlets available are: Monginis, Burger King, Jumbo King and Bisleri
Connections
The station is an interchange station between Lines 1 and 7 of the Metro with a foot over bridge facility.
Exits
See also
Public transport in Mumbai
List of Mumbai Metro stations
List of rapid transit systems in India
List of Metro Systems
Western Express Highway
References
External links
The official site of Mumbai Metro
UrbanRail.Net – descriptions of all metro systems in the world, each with a schematic map showing all stations.
Mumbai Metro stations
Railway stations in India opened in 2014
2014 establishments in Maharashtra |
Slađana Božović (, born ) is a Swedish Serb beauty pageant. She competed in Miss Universe 2002 and in the second edition of the international Miss Earth 2002 beauty pageant where she won the title of Miss Water 2002.
Biography
She was born in Malmö, Sweden, to a family immigrating from Kragujevac, Central Serbia. Besides her parental Serbian language and her homeland Swedish language, Božović speaks English, Danish and Norwegian.
References
External links
Sladjana Bozovic
Official MissYu site
Miss Universe Sladjana
1980s births
Year of birth uncertain
Living people
Miss Earth 2002 contestants
Miss Universe 2002 contestants
People from Malmö
Swedish beauty pageant winners
Swedish people of Serbian descent |
Redrawing Nations: Ethnic Cleansing in East-Central Europe, 1944–1948 is a 2001 collection of essays edited by Philipp Ther and Ana Siljak which deals with the flight and expulsion of Germans during and after World War II.
References
2001 non-fiction books
History books about ethnic cleansing |
Butidae is a family of sleeper gobies in the order Gobiiformes. The family was formerly classified as a subfamily of the Eleotridae but the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World classifies it as a family in its own right. Molecular phylogenetic analyses have demonstrated that the Butidae are a sister clade to the clade containing the families Gobiidae and Gobionellidae and that the Eleotridae is a sister to both of these clades. This means that the Eloetridae as formerly classified was paraphyletic and that its subfamilies should be raised to the status of families.
The species in the Butidae are largely restricted to tropical and sub-tropical waters of Africa, Asia, Australia, and Oceania. They are especially diverse in New Guinea, Australia and New Zealand where they can be important components of brackish and freshwater ecosystems. They are mostly quite small species but the marbled goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata) is a freshwater species of Buitdae from Southeast Asia that can grow to long and is an important food fish.
Genera
The following genera are classified within the family Butidae:
Bostrychus Lacépède, 1801
Butis Bleeker, 1856
Incara Visweswara Rao, 1971
Kribia Herre, 1946
Odonteleotris Gill, 1863
Ophiocara Gill, 1863
Oxyeleotris Bleeker, 1874
Parviparma Herre, 1927
Pogoneleotris Bleeker, 1875
Prionobutis Bleeker, 1874
References
Gobiiformes
Ray-finned fish families |
Gastão Elias was the defending champion but chose not to defend his title.
João Domingues won the title after defeating Sebastian Ofner 7–6(7–4), 6–4 in the final.
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Bottom half
References
Main Draw
Qualifying Draw
Venice Challenge Save Cup - Singles
XV Singles |
Gębice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pępowo, within Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately south-west of Pępowo, south of Gostyń, and south of the regional capital Poznań.
References
Villages in Gostyń County |
JWB may refer to:
National Jewish Welfare Board, Jewish organization in the United States
John Wayne Bobbitt (born 1967), victim of a crime
John Wilkes Booth (1838–1865), American actor and assassin who murdered Abraham Lincoln
Jinwanbao, Chinese newspaper |
Vrabcha () is a small divided village in Tran Municipality, Pernik Province. It is located in western Bulgaria, 70 km from the capital city of Sofia and 10 km from the town of Tran. The village was first mentioned in 1453 as Vrabets (Virabeç); its name is derived from the Bulgarian word for cock sparrow, vrabets (врабец). Vrabcha is bisected by the Bulgarian-Serbian border, its Serbian part is called Vrapča (Врапча) and lies in Dimitrovgrad municipality, Pirot District.
Vrabcha Cove in Heywood Island off Robert Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Vrabcha.
References
Villages in Pernik Province |
The Mormon Trail is the long route from Illinois to Utah on which Mormon pioneers (members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints) traveled from 1846–47. Today, the Mormon Trail is a part of the United States National Trails System, known as the Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail.
The Mormon Trail extends from Nauvoo, Illinois, which was the principal settlement of the Latter Day Saints from 1839 to 1846, to Salt Lake City, Utah, which was settled by Brigham Young and his followers beginning in 1847. From Council Bluffs, Iowa to Fort Bridger in Wyoming, the trail follows much the same route as the Oregon Trail and the California Trail; these trails are collectively known as the Emigrant Trail.
The Mormon pioneer run began in 1846, when Young and his followers were driven from Nauvoo. After leaving, they aimed to establish a new home for the church in the Great Basin and crossed Iowa. Along their way, some were assigned to establish settlements and to plant and harvest crops for later emigrants. During the winter of 1846–47, the emigrants wintered in Iowa, other nearby states, and the unorganized territory that later became Nebraska, with the largest group residing in Winter Quarters, Nebraska. In the spring of 1847, Young led the vanguard company to the Salt Lake Valley, which was then outside the boundaries of the United States and later became Utah.
During the first few years, the emigrants were mostly former occupants of Nauvoo who were following Young to Utah. Later, the emigrants increasingly included converts from the British Isles and Europe.
The trail was used for more than 20 years, until the completion of the first transcontinental railroad in 1869. Among the emigrants were the Mormon handcart pioneers of 1856–60. Two of the handcart companies, led by James G. Willie and Edward Martin, met disaster on the trail when they departed late and were caught by heavy snowstorms in Wyoming.
Background
Under the leadership of Joseph Smith, Latter Day Saints established several communities throughout the United States between 1830 and 1844, most notably in Kirtland, Ohio; Independence, Missouri; and Nauvoo, Illinois. However, the Saints were driven out of each of them in turn, due to conflicts with other settlers (see history of the Latter Day Saint movement). This included the actions of Missouri Governor Lilburn Boggs, who issued Missouri Executive Order 44, which called for the "extermination" of all Mormons in Missouri. Latter-day Saints were finally forced to abandon Nauvoo in 1846.
Although the movement had split into several denominations after Smith's death in 1844, most members aligned themselves with Brigham Young. Under Young's leadership, about 14,000 Mormon citizens of Nauvoo set out to find a new home in the West.
The Trek West
Following the succession crisis, Young insisted the Mormons should settle in a place no one else wanted and felt the isolated Great Basin would provide the Saints with many advantages.
Young reviewed information on the Great Salt Lake Valley and the Great Basin, consulted with mountain men and trappers, and met with Father Pierre-Jean De Smet, a Jesuit missionary familiar with the region. Young also organized a vanguard company to break trail to the Rocky Mountains, evaluate trail conditions, find sources of water, and select a central gathering point in the Great Basin. A new route on the north side of the Platte and North Platte rivers was chosen to avoid potential conflicts over grazing rights, water access, and campsites with travelers using the established Oregon Trail on the river's south side.
The Quincy Convention of October 1845 passed resolutions demanding that the Latter-day Saints withdraw from Nauvoo by May 1846. A few days later, the Carthage Convention called for establishment of a militia that would force them out if they failed to meet the May deadline. To try to meet this deadline and to get an early start on the trek to the Great Basin, the Latter-day Saints began leaving Nauvoo in February 1846.
Trek of 1846
The departure from Nauvoo began on February 4, 1846, under the leadership of Brigham Young. This early departure exposed them to the elements in the worst of winter. After crossing the Mississippi River, the journey across Iowa Territory followed primitive territorial roads and Native American trails.
Young originally planned to lead an express company of about 300 men to the Great Basin during the summer of 1846. He believed they could cross Iowa and reach the Missouri River in approximately four to six weeks. However, the actual trip across Iowa was slowed by rain, mud, swollen rivers, and poor preparation, and it required 16 weeks – nearly three times longer than planned.
Heavy rains turned the rolling plains of southern Iowa into a quagmire of axle-deep mud. Furthermore, few people carried adequate provisions for the trip. The weather, general unpreparedness, and lack of experience in moving such a large group of people all contributed to the difficulties they endured.
The initial party reached the Missouri River on June 14. It was apparent that the Latter-day Saints could not make it to the Great Basin that season and would have to winter on the Missouri River.
Some of the emigrants established a settlement called Kanesville (present-day Council Bluffs) on the Iowa side of the river. Others moved across the river into the area of present-day Omaha, Nebraska, and built a camp called Winter Quarters.
The Vanguard Company of 1847
In April 1847, chosen members of the vanguard company gathered, final supplies were packed, and the group was organized into 14 military companies. A militia and night guard were formed. The company consisted of 143 men, including three black people and eight members of the Quorum of the Twelve, three women, and two children. The train contained 73 wagons, draft animals, and livestock, and carried enough supplies to provision the group for one year. On April 5, the wagon train moved west from Winter Quarters toward the Great Basin.
The journey from Winter Quarters to Fort Laramie took six weeks; the company arrived at the fort on June 1. While at Fort Laramie, the vanguard company was joined by members of the Mormon Battalion, who had been excused due to illness and sent to winter in Pueblo, Colorado, and a group of Church members from Mississippi. At this point, the now larger company took the established Oregon Trail toward the trading post at Fort Bridger.
Young met mountain man Jim Bridger on June 28. They discussed routes into the Salt Lake Valley and the feasibility of viable settlements in the mountain valleys of the Great Basin. The company pushed on through South Pass, rafted across the Green River, and arrived at Fort Bridger on July 7. About the same time, they were joined by 12 more members of the sick detachment of the Mormon Battalion.
Now facing a more rugged and hazardous trek, Young chose to follow the trail used by the Donner–Reed party on their journey to California the previous year. As the vanguard company traveled through the rugged mountains, they divided into three sections. Young and several other members of the party suffered from a fever, generally accepted as a "mountain fever" induced by wood ticks. The small sick detachment lagged behind the larger group, and a scouting division was created to move farther ahead on the designated route.
Arrival and settlement
Scouts Erastus Snow and Orson Pratt entered the Salt Lake Valley on July 21. On July 23, Pratt offered a prayer dedicating the land to the Lord. Ground was broken, irrigation ditches were dug, and the first fields of potatoes and turnips were planted. On July 24, Young first saw the valley from a "sick" wagon driven by his friend Wilford Woodruff. According to Woodruff, Young expressed his satisfaction in the appearance of the valley and declared, "This is the right place, drive on."
In August 1847, Young and selected members of the vanguard company returned to Winter Quarters to organize the companies scheduled for following years. By December 1847, more than 2,000 Mormons had completed the journey to the Salt Lake Valley, then in Mexican territory.
Farming the uncultivated land was initially difficult, as the shares broke when they tried to plow the dry ground. Therefore, an irrigation system was designed and the land was flooded before plowing, and the resulting system provided supplemental moisture during the year.
Salt Lake City was laid out and designated as Church headquarters. Hard work produced a prosperous community. In their new settlement, entertainment was also important, and the first public building was a theater.
It did not take long, however, until the United States caught up with them, and in 1848, after the end of the war with Mexico, the land in which they settled became part of the United States.
Ongoing migration
Each year during the Mormon migration, people continued to be organized into "companies", each company bearing the name of its leader and subdivided into groups of 10 and 50. The Saints traveled the trail broken by the vanguard company, splitting the journey into two sections. The first segment began in Nauvoo and ended in Winter Quarters, near modern-day Omaha, Nebraska. The second half of the journey took the Saints through the area that later became Nebraska and Wyoming, before finishing their journey in the Salt Lake Valley in present-day Utah. The earlier groups used covered wagons pulled by oxen to carry their supplies across the country. Some later companies used handcarts and traveled by foot. William Clayton, a member of the vanguard company, published the popular The Latter-Day Saints' Emigrants' Guide to help guide travelers on the way.
By 1849, many of the Latter-day Saints who remained in Iowa or Missouri were poor and unable to afford the costs of the wagon, teams of oxen, and supplies that would be required for the trip. Therefore, the LDS Church established a revolving fund, known as the Perpetual Emigration Fund, to enable the poor to emigrate. By 1852, most of the Latter-day Saints from Nauvoo who wished to emigrate had done so, and the church abandoned its settlements in Iowa. However, many church members from the eastern states and from Europe continued to emigrate to Utah, often assisted by the Perpetual Emigration Fund.
Handcarts: 1856–60
In 1856, the church inaugurated a system of handcart companies in order to enable poor European emigrants to make the trek more cheaply. Handcarts, two-wheeled carts that were pulled by emigrants instead of draft animals, were sometimes used as an alternate means of transportation from 1856 to 1860. They were seen as a faster, easier, and cheaper way to bring European converts to Salt Lake City. Almost 3,000 Mormons, with 653 carts and 50 supply wagons, traveling in 10 different companies, made the trip over the trail to Salt Lake City. While not the first to use handcarts, they were the only group to use them extensively.
The handcarts were modeled after carts used by street sweepers and were made almost entirely of wood. They were generally six to seven feet (183 to 213 cm) long, wide enough to span a narrow wagon track, and could be alternately pushed or pulled. The small boxes affixed to the carts were three to four feet (91 to 122 cm) long and eight inches (20 cm) high. They could carry about 500 pounds (227 kg), most of this weight consisting of trail provisions and a few personal possessions.
All but two of the handcart companies successfully completed the rugged journey, with relatively few problems and only a few deaths. However, the fourth and fifth companies, known as the Willie and Martin Companies, respectively, had serious problems. The companies left Iowa City, Iowa, in July 1856, very late to begin the trip across the plains. They met severe winter weather west of present-day Casper, Wyoming, and continued to cope with deep snow and storms for the remainder of the journey. Food supplies were soon exhausted. Young organized a rescue effort that brought the companies in, but more than 210 of the 980 emigrants in the two parties died.
The handcart companies continued with more success until 1860, and traditional ox-and-wagon companies also continued for those who could afford the higher cost. After 1860, the church began sending wagon companies east each spring, to return to Utah in the summer with the emigrating Latter-day Saints. Finally, with the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad in 1869, future emigrants were able to travel by rail, and the era of the Mormon pioneer trail came to an end.
Sites along the trail
The following are major points along the trail at which the early Mormon pioneers stopped, established temporary camps, or used as landmarks and meeting places. The sites are categorized by their location in respect to modern-day US states.
Illinois
Nauvoo – Nauvoo was the starting point for the Mormon trail. Since 1839, it had been the headquarters for the church. During the 1840s, Nauvoo rivaled Chicago in size. Tensions rose between the Latter-day Saints and other locals culminating with the expulsion of the Saints. Brigham Young led his followers to Utah, not part of the United States at the time
Iowa
Sugar Creek ( west of Nauvoo) – Beginning with their first ferry crossing of the Mississippi River on February 4, 1846, months before many of them were ready, the Latter-day Saints started gathering at the frozen banks of Sugar Creek. More refugees continued to cross into Iowa for a number of months many taking advantage of the freezing Mississippi River a few weeks later. The poorly prepared emigrants suffered from severe winter weather while camped there. Sugar Creek was the staging area for the westward trek across Iowa. Ultimately about 2,500 refugees and 500 wagons started west on March 1, 1846. Several thousand more would follow on later as they sold their property for what they could get and continued to leave Nauvoo, Illinois.
Richardson's Point ( west) – The emigrants made their way past Croton and Farmington to ford the Des Moines River at Bonaparte. In early March 1846 the party was halted for 10 days by heavy rain at a wooded area known as Richardson's Point. Some of the first deaths of the pioneers occurred at this location.
Chariton River Crossing ( west) – The trail continues past the modern towns of Troy, Drakesville, and West Grove to reach the Chariton River. At this crossing, on March 27, Young organized the lead group of the migration, forming three camps of 100 families, each led by a captain. This military-style organization would be used for all subsequent Mormon emigrant companies.
Locust Creek ( west) – The trail proceeds past Cincinnati to Locust Creek. There on April 13 William Clayton, scribe for Brigham Young, composed "Come, Come Ye Saints," the most famous and enduring hymn from the Mormon Trail.
Garden Grove ( west) – On April 23 the emigrants arrived at the location of their first semi-permanent settlement, which they named Garden Grove. They enclosed and planted to supply food for later emigrants and established a village that is still in existence today. About 600 Latter-day Saints settled at Garden Grove. By 1852 they had moved on to Utah.
Mount Pisgah ( west) – As they entered Potawatomi territory, the emigrants established another semi-permanent settlement that they named Mount Pisgah. Several thousand acres were cultivated and a settlement of about 700 Latter-day Saints thrived there from 1846 to 1852. Now the site is marked by a park, which contains exhibits, historical markers, and a reconstructed log cabin. However, little remains from the 19th century except a cemetery memorializing the 300 to 800 emigrants who died there.
Nishnabotna River Crossing ( west) – From Mount Pisgah the trail proceeds past the modern towns of Orient, Bridgewater, Massena and Lewis. Just west of Lewis, the 1846 emigrants passed a Potawatomi encampment on the Nishnabotna River. The Potawatomis were also refugees; 1846 was their last year in the area.
Grand Encampment ( west) – From the Nishnabotna River, the trail proceeds past present-day Macedonia to Mosquito Creek on the eastern outskirts of present-day Council Bluffs. The first emigrant company arrived on June 13, 1846. At this open area, where the Iowa School for the Deaf is now located, the LDS emigrant companies paused and camped, forming what was called the Grand Encampment. From this site on July 20, the Mormon Battalion departed for the Mexican–American War.
Kanesville (later Council Bluffs) ( west) – The emigrants established an important settlement and outfitting point at this site on the Missouri River, originally known as Miller's Hollow. The emigrants renamed the settlement as Kanesville, honoring Thomas L. Kane, a non-LDS attorney who was politically well connected and used his influence to assist the Latter-day Saints. From 1846 to 1852, it was an important LDS settlement and the outfitting point for companies traveling to present-day Utah. Orson Hyde, an Apostle and ecclesiastical leader of the settlement, published a newspaper called the Frontier Guardian. In 1852 the major LDS settlements at Kanesville, Mount Pisgah, and Garden Grove were closed as the settlers moved on to Utah. After 1852, however, the Church continued to outfit and supply emigrant companies (mostly LDS converts coming from the British Isles and mainland Europe) at this community, now renamed Council Bluffs, until the mid-1860s, when the terminus of the First Transcontinental Railroad was extended to the west.
Nebraska
Winter Quarters ( west) – Although Brigham Young had originally planned to travel all the way to the Salt Lake Valley in 1846, the emigrants' lack of preparation had become apparent during their difficult crossing of Iowa. Furthermore, the departure of the Mormon Battalion left the emigrants short on manpower. Young decided to settle for the winter along the Missouri River. The emigrants were located on both sides of the river, but their settlement at Winter Quarters on the west side was the largest. There they built 700 dwellings where an estimated 3,500 Latter-day Saints spent the winter of 1846–47; many would also reside there during the winter of 1847–48. Conditions such as scurvy, consumption, chills and fever were common; the settlement recorded 359 deaths between September 1846 and May 1848. However, while at Winter Quarters the LDS emigrants were able to save or trade for the equipment and supplies that they would need to continue the westward trek. The settlement was later renamed Florence and is now located in Omaha.
Elkhorn River ( west)
Platte River ( west) – All emigrants leaving Missouri traveled along the Great Platte River Road for hundreds of miles. There was a prevailing opinion that the North side of the river was healthier, so most Latter-day Saints generally stuck to that side, which also separated them from unpleasant encounters with potential former enemies, like emigrants from Missouri or Illinois. In 1849, 1850 and 1852, traffic was so heavy along the Platte that virtually all feed was stripped from both sides of the river. The lack of food and the threat of disease made the journey along the Platte a deadly gamble.
Loup Fork ( west) – Crossing the Loup Fork was, like the Elkhorn, one of the early and very difficult crossings during the trek west from Council Bluffs.
Fort Kearny ( west) – This fort, named after Stephen Watts Kearny, was established in June 1848. Another fort named after Kearny was established in May 1846, but was abandoned in May 1848. Due to this, the second Fort Kearny is sometimes called New Fort Kearny. The site for the fort was purchased from the Pawnee Indians for $2,000 in goods.
Confluence Point ( west) – On May 11, 1847, north of the confluence of the North and South Platte Rivers, a "roadometer" was attached to Heber C. Kimball's wagon driven by Philo Johnson. Although they did not invent the device, the measurements of the version they used were accurate enough to be used by William Clayton in his famous Latter-day Saints' Emigrants' Guide.
Ash Hollow ( west) – Many passing diarists noted the beauty of Ash Hollow, although this was ruined by thousands of passing emigrants. The Sioux Indians were often on location and were at the site and General William S. Harney's troops won a battle over the Sioux there in September 1855 – the Battle of Ash Hollow. The site is also the burial ground of many who died of cholera during the gold rush years.
Chimney Rock ( west) – Chimney Rock is perhaps the most significant landmark on the Mormon Trail. Emigrants commented in their diaries that the landmark appeared closer than it actually was, and many sketched or painted it in their journals and carved their names into it.
Scotts Bluff ( west) – Hiram Scott was a Rocky Mountain Fur Company trapper abandoned on the bluff that now bears his name by his companions when he became ill. Accounts of his death are noted by almost all those who kept journals that traveled on the north side of the Platte. The grave of Rebecca Winters, a Latter-day Saint mother who fell victim to cholera in 1852, is also located near this site, although it has since been moved and rededicated.
Wyoming
Fort Laramie ( west) – This old trading and military post served as a place for the emigrants to rest and restock provisions. The 1856 Willie Handcart Company was unable to obtain provisions at Fort Laramie, contributing to their subsequent tragedy when they ran out of food while encountering blizzard conditions along the Sweetwater River.
Upper Platte/Mormon Ferry ( west) – The last crossing of the Platte River took place near modern Casper. For several years the Latter-day Saints operated a commercial ferry at the site, earning revenue from the Oregon- and California-bound emigrants. The ferry was discontinued in 1853 after a competing toll bridge was constructed. On October 19, 1856, the Martin Handcart Company forded the freezing river in mid-October, leading to exposure that would prove fatal to many members of the company.
Red Butte ( west) – Red Butte was the most tragic site of the Mormon Trail. After crossing the Platte River, the Martin Handcart Company camped near Red Butte as heavy snow fell. Snow continued to fall for three days, and the company came to a halt as many emigrants died. For nine days the company remained there, while 56 persons died from cold or disease. Finally, on October 28, an advance team of three men from the Utah rescue party reached them. The rescuers encouraged them that help was on the way and urged the company to start moving on.
Sweetwater River ( west) – From the last crossing of the Platte, the trail heads directly southwest toward Independence Rock, where it meets and follows the Sweetwater River to South Pass. To shorten the journey by avoiding the twists and turns of the river, the trail includes nine river crossings.
Independence Rock ( west) – Independence Rock was one of the trail's best known and most anticipated landmarks. Many emigrants carved their names on the rock; many of these carvings are still visible today. The emigrants sometimes also celebrated their arrival at this landmark with a dance.
Devil's Gate ( west) – Devil's Gate was a narrow gorge cut through the rocks by the Sweetwater River. A small fort was located at Devil's Gate, which was unoccupied in 1856 when the Martin Handcart Company was rescued. The rescuers unloaded unnecessary equipment from the wagons so the weaker handcart emigrants could ride. A group of 19 men, led by Daniel W. Jones, stayed at the fort over the winter to protect the property.
Martin's Cove ( west) – On November 4, 1856, the Martin Handcart Company set up camp in Martin's Cove as another blizzard halted their progress. They remained there for five days until the weather abated and they could proceed toward Salt Lake City. Today, a visitor center is located on the site.
Rocky Ridge ( west) – Between the fifth and sixth crossings of the Sweetwater, on October 19, 1856, the Willie Handcart Company was halted by the same snowstorm that stopped the Martin Handcart Company near Red Butte. At the same time, the members of the Willie Company reached the end of their supplies of flour. A small advance team from the rescue party found their camp and gave them a small amount of flour, but then pushed on to the east to try to locate the Martin Company. Captain James Willie and Joseph Elder went ahead through the snow to find the main rescue party and inform them of the Willie Company's peril. On October 23, with the help of the rescue party, the Willie Company pushed ahead through the biting wind and snow up Rocky Ridge, a rough section of the trail that ascends to a ridge in order to bypass a section of the Sweetwater River valley that is impassable.
Rock Creek ( west) – After their grueling 18-hour trek up Rocky Ridge, the Willie Handcart Company camped at the crossing of Rock Creek. That night 13 emigrants died; the next morning their bodies were buried in a shallow grave.
South Pass (Continental Divide) ( west) – South Pass, a wide pass across the Continental Divide, is located between the modern towns of Atlantic City and Farson. At an elevation of above sea level, it was one of the most important landmarks of the Mormon Trail. Near South Pass is Pacific Springs, which received its name because its waters ran to the Pacific Ocean.
Green River/Lombard Ferry ( west) – The trail crosses the Green River between the modern towns of Farson and Granger. The Latter-day Saints operated a ferry at this location to assist the church's emigrants and to earn money from other emigrants traveling to Oregon and California.
Ft. Bridger ( west) – Fort Bridger was established in 1842 by famous mountain man Jim Bridger. This was the site where the paths of the Oregon Trail, the California Trail, and the Mormon Trail separated; the three trails ran in parallel from Missouri River to Fort Bridger. In 1855, the LDS Church bought the fort from Jim Bridger and Louis Vazquez for $8,000. During the Utah War in 1857, the Utah militia burned down the fort so that it would not fall into the hands of the advancing U.S. Army under General A.S. Johnston.
Bear River Crossing ( west) – At this, one of the last river crossings on the Mormon Trail, Lansford Hastings and his company turned north, while the Reed–Donner Company turned south. Also at this site, the vanguard company met mountaineer Miles Goodyear on July 10, 1847, who attempted to persuade them to take the northern track toward his trading post.
The Needles ( west) – Near this very prominent rock formation, close to the Utah–Wyoming border, Brigham Young became ill with what was probably Rocky Mountain spotted fever during the advance push into the Salt Lake Valley.
Utah
Echo Canyon ( west) – One of the last canyons through which the emigrants descended, this deep and narrow canyon made it a veritable, and frequently noted, echo chamber.
Big Mountain ( west) – Although dwarfed by the surrounding Wasatch mountain peaks, this was the highest elevation of the entire Mormon trail at 8,400 feet (2560 m).
Golden Pass Road ( west) – Although unsuccessful in a petition to Salt Lake City for funding, Parley P. Pratt obtained the deed to the canyon and began the construction of a road through Big Canyon Creek in the Wasatch Mountains just south of Emigration Canyon in July 1849. The canyon became known as Parley's Canyon and the road he built as the "Golden Pass Road," due to the large number of gold miners who used it on their way to California. A cutoff was constructed through Silver Creek Canyon by 1862, diverting much of the traffic on what is today the route of I-80.
Emigration Canyon (Donner Hill) ( west) – About a year before the Latter-day Saint emigrants, the Reed–Donner wagon train carved the first road through the final geographic obstacle between Big Mountain and the Salt Lake Valley. About halfway through, the group changed course and went up and around the final constriction near the valley's mouth. The resulting exhaustingly brutal climb over rock and sage most likely contributed to the historic tragedy that befell the travelers three months and to the west. When an advance team from the Latter-day Saint vanguard company came through, it chose to stick to the valley floor and hacked its way through to the bench overlooking the Great Salt Lake basin in less than four hours.
Salt Lake Valley ( west) – Although the Salt Lake Valley had a special meaning to each emigrant, signifying the end of more than a year of crossing the plains, not all of the pioneering Saints settled in the Salt Lake Valley. Settlement outside the Salt Lake Valley began as early as 1848, with a number of communities planted in the Weber valley to the north. Additional townsites were carefully chosen, with settlements placed near canyon mouths with access to dependable streams and stands of timber. Latter-day Saints founded more than 600 communities from Canada down into Mexico. As historian Wallace Stegner stated, the Latter-day Saints "were one of the principal forces in the settlement of the West."
See also
Landmarks of the Nebraska Territory
Mormon handcart pioneers
Mormon Pioneer National Heritage Area
Mormon Trail (Canada)
Mormon Trail Center at Historic Winter Quarters
Mormonism
National Historic Trails Interpretive Center
Martin's Cove
Oregon-California Trails Association
Pioneer Day in Utah on July 24
This Is The Place Heritage Park
References
Bibliography
Further reading
External links
National Park Service site on the Mormon trail
The Mormon Pioneer Story
Photos and history of the trail in Wyoming
Mormon Trails Association
National Mormon National Trail itinerary in Iowa
Church History Library at FamilySearch Research Wiki for genealogists
LDS Emigration and Immigration at FamilySearch Research Wiki for genealogists
Mormon Trail at FamilySearch Research Wiki for genealogists with strategies and records for finding pioneer ancestors
History of the Rocky Mountains
Mormon migration to Utah
National Historic Trails of the United States
Jefferson Territory
Protected areas established in 1978
Units of the National Landscape Conservation System
Politically motivated migrations
Pilgrimage routes |
This is a list of airlines in Malaysia. The airlines are sorted alphabetically by activeness and type.
Scheduled airlines
Charter Airlines
Cargo airlines
See also
List of defunct airlines of Malaysia
List of all airlines
List of airports in Malaysia
List of defunct airlines of Asia
Malaysia
Airlines
Airlines
Malaysia |
This is a list of listed buildings in the parish of Pitlochry in Perth and Kinross, Scotland.
List
|}
Key
Notes
References
All entries, addresses and coordinates are based on data from Historic Scotland. This data falls under the Open Government Licence
Pitlochry
Listed buildings in Pitlochry |
Jyri Tapani Aalto (born 11 July 1969) is a Finnish badminton player. He competed in the singles event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
References
1969 births
Living people
Badminton players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Finnish male badminton players
Olympic badminton players for Finland
Sportspeople from Helsinki |
United Nations Security Council resolution 966, adopted unanimously on 8 December 1994, after reaffirming resolutions 696 (1991), 868 (1993) and all resolutions on Angola, the Council discussed the monitoring of a ceasefire in the country and extended the mandate of the United Nations Angola Verification Mission II (UNAVEM II) until 8 February 1995.
The council reaffirmed the importance of the implementation of the Acordos de Paz. It welcomed the signing of the Lusaka Protocol in Lusaka, Tanzania, on 20 November 1994 as an important step towards reconciliation and peace in Angola. If there was a ceasefire, the United Nations presence could be expanded significantly, and further delays in implementing the peace accords were unacceptable. Reports of renewed clashes in the country after the implementation of the ceasefire caused concern in the Council which would have effects on the implementation of the Lusaka Protocol, the civilian population and the mandate of UNAVEM II. All states were reminded to implement the arms embargo against UNITA in Resolution 864 (1993).
The mandate of UNAVEM II was extended in order to monitor the ceasefire provided for in the Lusaka Protocol, commending both the Government of Angola and UNITA for signing it. The ceasefire would be closely monitored by the Security Council and the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali was to keep the Council informed in this regard. It welcomed his intention, in conjunction with Resolution 952 (1994) to restore the strength of UNAVEM II to its previous level, dependent on compliance with the ceasefire. Personnel would also be deployed in the countryside as a confidence-building measure.
The secretary-general was asked to report on a new United Nations operation in Angola (that later became known as the United Nations Angola Verification Mission III) with the intention of reviewing the role of the United Nations by 8 February 1995. Meanwhile, the resumption of humanitarian relief operations in Angola was welcomed. The parties had to guarantee the safety of humanitarian workers. Finally, the Secretary-General was to inform the council on developments in Angola and on a comprehensive mine clearance programme for the country.
Resolution 966 was the last resolution to concern UNAVEM II, as a new peacekeeping mission, the United Nations Angola Verification Mission III, was established in Resolution 976 in February 1995.
See also
Angolan Civil War
List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 901 to 1000 (1994–1995)
References
External links
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org
0966
1994 in Angola
0966
Angolan Civil War
December 1994 events |
Goran Karan (born 2 April 1964) is a Croatian vocalist. He specializes in songs influenced by Dalmatian folk music and is known for his powerful and refined tenor voice. Karan's collaboration with composer Zdenko Runjić led to some of his most acclaimed work, which won him several awards.
Biography
Karan was the lead singer of Croatian rock group Big Blue, before becoming a solo artist in 1997.
In 2000, he represented Croatia at the Eurovision Song Contest, after winning the Croatian pre-selection Dora. In the Eurovision Song Contest, he ended up in ninth place with his song "Kad zaspu anđeli" ("When Angels Fall Asleep").
In 2005 he was one of the judges in Hrvatski idol, the Croatian version of Pop Idol. Karan's song "Ružo moja bila" won the 2005 Split Festival song competition, as well as the 2005 Sunčane skale festival in Herceg Novi.
In summer 2007, deeply moved by the Kornati fire tragedy, in which 13 volunteer firemen perished, he composed in the spur of the moment the song "Ovo nije kraj" ("This Is Not the End") and gathered under the name Split Star a group of famous singers (Oliver Dragojević, Marko Perković Thompson, Tedi Spalato, Dražen Zečić, Alen Nižetić, Hari Rončević) from the Split area, who performed it with him in a music video, all of this in less than fifteen days.
Albums
Kao da te ne volim (Like I Don't Love You) - 1999
Vagabundo (Vagabund) - 2000
Ahoj! (Ahoy!) - 2003
Od srca do usana (From Heart to the Lips) - 2005
Zlatna kolekcija (Golden Collection) - 2005
Dite Ljubavi (Child of Love) - 2008
References
External links
www.gorankaran.hr (Official site)
gorankaran.atspace.com (Fan site)
1964 births
Living people
Eurovision Song Contest entrants for Croatia
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 2000
Singers from Belgrade
Croats of Serbia
Musicians from Split, Croatia
Croatian tenors
Croatian pop singers
20th-century Croatian male singers
Indexi Award winners
Hayat Production artists
21st-century Croatian male singers |
Zdeněk Kolář and Adam Pavlásek were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.
Sander Arends and David Pel won the title after defeating Julian Lenz and Yannick Maden 7–6(7–4), 7–6(7–3) in the final.
Seeds
Draw
References
External links
Main draw
Koblenz Open - Doubles
2020 Doubles |
Diana Landi (born 11 April 1986) is an Ecuadorian long-distance runner.
In 2017, she competed in the senior women's race at the 2017 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Kampala, Uganda. She finished in 52nd place.
In 2018, she competed in the women's half marathon at the 2018 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships held in Valencia, Spain. She finished in 100th place.
In 2019, she competed in the women's 10,000 metres at the 2019 Pan American Games held in Lima, Peru. She finished in 11th place.
References
External links
Living people
1986 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
Ecuadorian female cross country runners
Ecuadorian female long-distance runners
Ecuadorian female marathon runners
Athletes (track and field) at the 2019 Pan American Games
Pan American Games competitors for Ecuador
21st-century Ecuadorian women |
Bagniewko refers to the following places in Poland:
Bagniewko, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
Bagniewko, West Pomeranian Voivodeship |
The Blair Apartments are a historic residential apartment complex at 231 Chestnut Street in Salem, Virginia. They consist of a series of seven connected buildings, forming a rough U shape on the west side of the street. They were built in 1949 with funding from the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), and are a well-preserved example of the types of buildings the FHA funded. Salem experienced a population boom in the years following World War II, prompting its construction.
The complex was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Salem, Virginia
References
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Colonial Revival architecture in Virginia
Houses completed in 1949
Houses in Salem, Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Salem, Virginia |
```xml
import Link from 'next/link'
export default async function Page({
searchParams,
}: {
searchParams: { [key: string]: string | string[] | undefined }
}) {
const hasParams = Object.keys(searchParams).length > 0
return (
<>
<Link href="/?blazing=good">Go</Link>
{hasParams ? (
<div id="search-params">
Search params: {JSON.stringify(searchParams)}
</div>
) : null}
</>
)
}
``` |
is a professional Go player.
Biography
Susumu became a professional in 1965. He was promoted to 9 dan in 1994. Susumu became a student of Kaoru Iwamoto in 1959. Reached 500 career wins in 1990. Older brother of Masaaki Fukui 8 dan.
Promotion record
References
External links
Nihon Ki-in profile
1947 births
Japanese Go players
Living people
People from Tokyo |
The United Nations Command Military Armistice Commission (UNCMAC) was established in July 1953 at the end of the Korean War. The mission of UNCMAC is to supervise the Military Armistice Agreement between the two Korea's along the 151 mile Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). UNCMAC is headquartered in Seoul and Panmunjom.
History
Between 1950-53 a coalition of forces from 21 nations fought to preserve the sovereignty of the Republic of Korea, following the invasion by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) under the United Nations flag in the Korean War. The Korean War did not result in a decisive victory for either side, instead an Armistice Agreement was signed in 1953, bringing the active conflict to a close. The United Nations Command, established under the mandate of UN Security Council Resolution 83 and Resolution 84, represented the world's first attempt at collective security.
The parties to conflict established the Military Armistice Commission (MAC) to manage the implementation of the terms of the armistice, to investigate alleged violations, to serve as an intermediary between the commanders of the opposing sides, and to settle through negotiation any violations of the Armistice Agreement. The MAC is a combined organisation consisting of ten senior military officers: five through UNC Commander appointment and five appointed by the commanders of the DPRK's Korean People's Army and Chinese People's Liberation Army.
The Armistice Agreement also established Secretariats on both sides to assist the MAC, as directed. The Secretariats continue to operate today and maintain an open line of communication to support maintenance of the terms of Armistice.
The first meeting of the MAC convened on 28 July 1953, with representatives from the UNC, the DPRK's Korean People's Army, and China's People's Volunteers Army. By 1991, the UNC Commander decided that timing was appropriate to designate a ROK military officer as the UNC's Senior Member to the MAC and as the Commander's lead delegate for maintenance and enforcement of the Korean Armistice Agreement. The decision came in part to facilitate inter-Korean engagement at a time when the two governments were seeking rapprochement. By then, the MAC had met over 450 times, but the KPA refused to hold any further MAC meetings with a ROK officer as the Senior Member. By 1994, the PVA formally removed its delegates from the MAC, though the KPA maintains a delegation within the Joint Security Area in Panmunjom. All the while, UNC has maintained its position that its lead delegate for the Commission should be an ROK officer.
The UNC Commander continues to appoint five individuals to the MAC. The current composition is one ROK Major General as Senior Member, one U.S. Major General, one British Brigadier, one ROK Brigadier General, and one rotating (on a six-month basis) Senior Officer from other countries (Australia, Belgium, Canada, Colombia, France, New Zealand, Philippines, Thailand, Turkey) that maintain liaison with the UNC. The Senior Member continues to play an important role in Armistice maintenance and enforcement, including the issuance of directives for special investigations in response to alleged Armistice violations.
See also
UNCOK – the UN Commission on Korea
UNCURK – the UN Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea
Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission – the international Korean Armistice Agreement monitoring entity
References
External links
United Nations operations in Asia
Korean Demilitarized Zone
North Korea–South Korea border
Aftermath of the Korean War
1953 establishments in Korea |
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