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Chris While (born 1956) is an English songwriter, singer and musician, known particularly for her vocals and live performances. She has worked as a solo artist, a songwriter and as a member of a number of duos and groups. Her music is often classified as English folk, but contains strong American influences.
Early career
She was born and grew up in Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire, where her childhood, work and relationships provided a basis to many of her songs. She began to learn to play the guitar at the age of thirteen and was soon performing and singing at local folk clubs. She left Barrow to tour in a duo with her then husband, pianist and songwriter Joe While. After their divorce in 1991 she embarked on a solo career, releasing the albums Still on Fire (1991) and By Request (1992) in tape format. The albums demonstrated English and American folk and country music influences that have all remained important in her career. The tracks included some traditional material and covers of songs by some major songwriters, but also marked her emergence as a songwriter, in particular the track "100 Miles", which has been frequently covered by British and American artists. Singer/songwriter Ruud Hermans from The Netherlands recorded a version of the song on his album "Little Tear, Big Smile" in 1998. This song was also on Chris While's first CD format album Look at Me Now (1993) with others written with Nigel Stonier and her former husband, but many of the tracks were single compositions indicating a growing confidence in her own songwriting. From 1992–95 she also performed with accomplished guitarist and songwriter Ken Nicol who contributed to the high level of musicianship on Look at Me Now. Their 1994 recording was eventually released as Shadows on the Wall (1995), which included three While-penned tracks from her early solo material.
The Albion Band
In 1993 she joined the Albion Band as lead singer and guitarist, replacing Julie Matthews. She toured and recorded with the band for four years gaining a much wider audience and reputation, both nationally and internationally, honing her stage technique and contributing individually or collectively to most of the songs on three group albums. The first, Acousticity (1993), included five of her collaborations as writer or arranger with other members of the group. In 1994 Julie Matthews rejoined the band and the 1995 release Albion Heart included two tracks penned by Chris, as well as the While/Matthews collaborations of 'Man in the Bottle' (with Ashley Hutchings) and together on the title track, which became something of a group anthem and was the first evidence of a fruitful musical collaboration. During this time she co-wrote (along with Ashley Hutchings and Phil Beer) over forty new English folk songs for the TV series The Ridge Riders, which resulted in the release of a sixteen-track CD Ridgeriders (1999), seven of which were jointly written by Chris.
In 1995 Chris and Julie toured Canada as The Women of Albion. The intention was a one-off project, however, audience reception and their growing musical partnership led them towards pursuing joint projects. They released an EP Blue Moon on the Rise with five jointly penned tracks, including the since much recorded reworking of a traditional theme as 'Young Man Cut Down in His Prime'. In 1996 they joined with Christine Collister, Melanie Harrold and Helen Watson to form Daphne's Flight. They produced an eponymous record that showcased the formidable vocal talent in the group and included another song by Chris that would become an audience favourite "Circle Round the Sun". The last Albion album with Chris and Julie, Demi Paradise, was released in 1996. With more polished production than was often the Albion style, most of Chris's contributions had already been showcased elsewhere and the band was perhaps no longer the primary focus for either performer. Their last gig with the band was the 1997 Cropredy Festival in August.
While and Matthews
In the Big Room to Stages
In 1997 Chris and Julie left the Albion Band to pursue their individual and joint projects and Chris released her fourth solo album, 'In the Big Room'. As well as containing some notable covers, it included one track, 'Sister Moon', from early in Chris's career, but was dominated by Chris' new songwriting.
This was followed by what was formally Chris and Julie's first album as a duo, 'Piecework', in 1998. This included what are often considered some of Chris and Julie's most powerful songs and marking the emergence of their distinctive and highly polished sound. Chris contributed her vocal and instrumental skills to Julie's songs as well as penning the powerful title track, which recalls her time in factory work in Barrow. A busy recording schedule resulted in their second album 'Higher Potential' in October 1999, which showcased their diverse influences, from Chris's bluesy 'Tire Tracks in the Snow' to the poignant 'Love has Gone to War'. It also included Chris's ' The Light in My Mothers Eye", dedicated to her own mother, which was nominated for best song in the first BBC Radio 2's prestigious Folk Music Awards. The following year there was the much anticipated double live album, Stages, which managed to capture some of the duo's outstanding live sound and stagecraft, as well as many of their best songs to date.
Quest to Stage 2
Their third joint studio album, Quest (2001), was produced by acclaimed Ghanaian musician Kwame Yeboah of e2K / Craig David and featured his multi-instrumental skills. It was hailed as their best album to date, and as cementing their position "as two of Britain's most important singer/songwriters". It included ‘Shadow of my former self’ featuring a consummate While vocal performance and the live favourite ‘Bruccianni’s Café’. In this period Chris and Julie began to tour frequently in the UK, Europe, Africa, North America and Australia. They are particularly well regarded in the last of these, where they fill large concert halls and attend the major festivals. The 2004 release Perfect Mistake contained fewer of her writing contributions, but some of her most stunning vocals. In 2005 they released Here and Now, recorded at the Worden Arts Centre in Leyland Lancashire, with a more acoustic and stripped-down sound. The live vibe may explain its very positive reception in the music press, especially among more traditional folk commentators. The retrospective The Best of While and Matthews (2006) and Stage 2: Live at the Firehouse (2007), a second live album containing some fan favourites and songs written since 2000, summarised their partnership to that point.
Rosella Red to Shoulder to Shoulder
Chris’s first solo album for ten years, Rosella Red, was released in 2007, with her song writing, instrumental playing and vocals enhanced by strong arrangements and playing by Joe Broughton. Her own songs covered the now familiar subjects of family, youth and relationships, but there were also some stunning covers including the haunting ‘Pennyweight Hill’ written by her late friend, Austrian singer/songwriter Michael Kennedy and revisited Chris’s musical roots with a fine version of Joni Mitchell's "Both Sides Now". The album received perhaps the greatest critical acclaim to date, receiving five stars from Maverick magazine, which described 'a quite superb album from one of the most notable women, currently living up to the reputation she has quite painstakingly built over a number of years in the contemporary folk scene.' In 2008 Chris and Julie released their sixth studio album Together Alone to further critical acclaim, with Propaganda magazine describing the duo as ‘dealing so very tenderly with simple universal truths, they achieve their impact by an astute economy of expression allied to warmly accessible melodies and arrangements’.
In 2006 they released their first 'Best Of' album which covered their duo career up to Here & Now. 2010 saw the release of Hitting The Ground Running then in 2012 came Infinite Sky. Who We Are was released in 2014 and the single ("If This Were Your Last Day") from that album was on the BBC Radio 2 playlist for three weeks. They appeared on Weekend Wogan live and were played on daytime radio.
Their tenth album in 22 years Shoulder to Shoulder was released in September 2016.
Diverse projects
While pursuing a career based around her work with Julie and her solo endeavours, Chris has been able to fit a number of diverse projects into a busy schedule of touring and recording.
St Agnes Fountain
In December 2001 Chris and Julie joined forces with Chris Leslie and David Hughes to form the Christmas project St Agnes Fountain, which combined original music, unique arrangements of classic seasonal songs, with a good deal of humour. They have toured in the pre-Christmas season every year since and released Acoustic Carols for Christmas in 2001 to critical acclaim and have produced five subsequent albums: 'Comfort and Joy' (2002), 'The Show' (2003), Three Ships (2003), The White Xmas Album (2006), Soul Cake (2008) 'The Spirit of Christmas' (2010)'The Best Of St Agnes Fountain' 2011 '12 Years Of Christmas' 2012 'Christmas is not Far Away' 2014 and 'The Best Of St Agnes Fountain (2) in 2015 .
Blue Tapestry
In 2002 the duo collaborated with outstanding instrumentalists Martin Allcock, the late Pete Zorn, and Neil Marshall for a series of live performances under the title 'Blue Tapestry', which cumulated in a rapturous reception by 20,000 fans at the Cropredy Festival that year. The show featured the music of Carole King and Joni Mitchell and resulted in a subsequent release of the highly regarded album Blue Tapestry Live (2003), on which Chris was described as having a 'fluid, fabulous voice just eats up those complex vocal pyrotechnics with pure joy and ease.'
Chris and Kellie While
Chris's eventual replacement in the Albion Band was her daughter Kellie, also a talented singer and guitarist. From the age of thirteen Kellie had accompanied her mother to folk clubs to sing. They revisited this era with an album entitled Chris and Kellie While in 2004, notable for its strong harmonies and emotional delivery of standards and some of Chris's best songs. Since then they have toured together frequently, producing a second album, Too Few Songs, in 2006, which showcased some of the best songwriting available and a version of the previously unavailable While/Matthews track '36 Miles Away from the Sea'. The album received widespread critical acclaim: as the review in the Daily Telegraph put it 'each song remains a showcase for the delicate, complementary powers of expression of two expert vocalists, truly living up to the "more like sisters" description of one admirer, Ralph McTell'. Since then they have produced another album, Indigo (2015).
Radio work
As a duo, While and Matthews have worked on several musical projects for the BBC including Tales of the Towpath (2005), a radio documentary about the building of the Manchester Ship Canal, and the 2006 Radio Ballads.
Rejoice the Voice
Chris and Julie, along with fellow Daphne's Flight member Helen Watson, also tour with their woman's vocal workshop 'Rejoice the Voice', providing women with an opportunity to sing collectively and improve their vocal technique. In 2009 Julie, Chris and Helen released Bare Bones, featuring some of the songs they worked on at the 'Rejoice the Voice' workshops.
Liege and Lief Reunion
Over the years Chris has made many appearances with Fairport Convention including singing 'Matty Groves' at the BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards 2006, when they received the award for 'Most Influential Folk Album of All Time'. There may be no higher compliment in the English folk music community than when Chris was asked to take the place of the late Sandy Denny to re-create the classic Fairport album Liege & Lief with the original 1969 line-up at the 2007 Cropredy Festival in front of 20,000 fans, in a performance described as 'sublime'.
Awards
Chris won the FAETA award for best female vocalist in 2007. Chris and Julie have been nominated as best duo in the BBC Radio 2 Folk awards seven times, as best live act twice, and won the 'Best Duo' award in 2009.
Discography
Solo albums
Still on Fire (1991)
By Request (1992)
Look at me Now (1993)
In the Big Room (1997)
Rosella Red (2007)
Still on Fire/By Request re-release (2009)
With the Albion Band
Acousticity (1993)
Albion Heart (1995)
Demi Paradise (1996)
The Acoustic Years 1993–97 (1997)
Albion Heart on Tour (2004)
Acousticity on Tour (2004)
With Ken Nicol
Shadows on the Wall (1995)
With Julie Matthews
Blue Moon on the Rise EP (1995)
Piecework (1998)
Higher Potential (1999)
Stages (2000)
Quest (2001)
Perfect Mistake (2004)
Here and Now (2005)
The Best of While and Matthews (2006)
Stage 2: Live at the Firehouse (2007)
Together Alone (2008)
Hitting the Ground Running (2010)
Infinite Sky (2012)
Who We Are (2014)
Shoulder To Shoulder (2016)
Revolution Calls (2019)
With Julie Matthews and Helen Watson
Bare Bones (2009)
With Daphne's Flight
Daphne's Flight (1996)
With Phil Beer and Ashley Hutchings
Ridgeriders (1999)
Ridgeriders in Concert (2001)
With St Agnes Fountain
Acoustic Carols for Christmas (2001)
Comfort and Joy (2002)
The Show (2003)
Three Ships (2003)
The White Xmas Album (2006)
Soul Cake (2008)
The Spirit of Christmas (2010)
Best of St Agnes Fountain (Double CD) (2011)
Twelve Years of Christmas (2012)
Christmas is not far away (2014)
The Best of St Agnes Fountain Vol.2 (2015)
With Blue Tapestry
Blue Tapestry Live (2003)
With Kellie While
Chris and Kellie While (2004)
Too Few Songs (2011)
Indigo (2015)
Compilations
Rubber Folk (2006) with her cover of the song "Nowhere Man" by Lennon-McCartney
References
1956 births
Living people
English women singers
English folk musicians
English folk singers
English women singer-songwriters
English singer-songwriters
People from Barrow-in-Furness
The Albion Band members
Daphne's Flight members |
Auguste Alfred Lucien Gaston Lameere (12 June 1864 – 6 May 1942) was a Belgian entomologist. He made several collecting expeditions to the Algerian Sahara region.
He was born in Ixelles. He was a professor and dean (1906–1907) of the faculty of sciences at the Université Libre de Bruxelles. An active member of the Royal Belgian Entomological Society, he was the author of numerous articles, notably on Coleoptera and the famous Manuel de la Faune de Belgique which had a great influence on the entomologists of his country.
Frog Arthroleptis lameerei, also known as Lameere's squeaker, is named after him.
Works
Partial list
1902. Revision des Prionides (Quatrième mémoire – Sténodontines)Annalles de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 9: 63-110.
1903. Révision des Prionides (Sixième mémoire – Basitoxus). Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 47: 213-224.
1912. Révision des prionides (Vingt-deuxième mémoire – Addenda et Corrigenda)Mémoires de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 21: 113-188.
1913. Coleopterorum Catalogus, pars. 52, Cerambycidae. Prioninae. Berlin, W. Junk, 108 p.
1919. Genera Insectorum, Coleoptera, Fam. Cerambycidae, Subfam. Prioninae.Bruxelles, P. Wytsman, v. 172, 189 p
See also
:Category:Taxa named by Auguste Lameere
References
Belgian entomologists
1864 births
1942 deaths |
Snežana Ristivojević-Dančetović (born 4 December 1957) is a Slovenian athlete. She competed in the women's long jump at the 1984 Summer Olympics, representing Yugoslavia.
References
External links
1957 births
Living people
Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Slovenian female long jumpers
Yugoslav female long jumpers
Olympic athletes for Yugoslavia
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Yugoslavia
Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Yugoslavia
Athletes (track and field) at the 1979 Mediterranean Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1983 Mediterranean Games
Mediterranean Games medalists in athletics
Place of birth missing (living people) |
Ian Young may refer to:
Ian Young (academic) (born 1957), Australian academic
Ian Young (athlete) (1911–2003), Scottish athlete
Ian Young (basketball) (born 1981), Trinidadian basketball player
Ian Young (footballer) (1943–2019), Scottish footballer
Ian Young (marathoner), British marathon runner
Ian Young (writer) (born 1945), Canadian author and poet
Ian A. Young, Australian-born electronic engineer at Intel
Ian Robert Young (1932–2019), British medical imaging researcher and inventor
Ian Young (cricketer), captain of Scottish under-19 team 2004 |
Like It Like That may refer to:
Like It Like That (album), an album by Guy Sebastian
"Like It Like That" (A Tribe Called Quest song), 1998
"Like It Like That" (Guy Sebastian song), 2009
"Like It Like That", a song by Regurgitator from their debut EP, Regurgitator
See also
I Like It Like That (disambiguation) |
West Point is a city in Troup and Harris counties in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is located approximately halfway between Montgomery, Alabama and Atlanta along Interstate 85. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 3,474, and in 2015 the estimated population was 3,728. Most of the city is in Troup County, which is part of the LaGrange Micropolitan Statistical Area, and hence part of the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA Combined Statistical Area. A sliver in the south is in Harris County, which is part of the Columbus Metropolitan Statistical Area.
History
The city's present name comes from its being near the westernmost point of the Chattahoochee River, where the river turns from its southwesterly flow from the Appalachian Mountains to due south – for all practical purposes – and forms the boundary with Alabama. The large nearby reservoir, West Point Lake, was created by the Army Corps of Engineers by the building of the West Point Dam, for water storage and hydroelectric power generation. The reservoir stores water which can be released during dry seasons, in order to maintain the water level of the navigable inland waterway from Columbus, Georgia, south to the Gulf of Mexico.
During the late spring of 2003, there was a flood caused by extremely heavy rainfall and thunderstorms upstream of the West Point Dam; the weather caused the water level in the reservoir to come close to overflowing the top of the dam. There were allegations of poor forecasting by the Corps of Engineers of the reservoir's water levels. The flood water would have overflowed the dam had a large amount of water not been released through the spillway of the dam. Whereas this prevented the catastrophic failure of the West Point Dam, the city endured a flood much more severe than any other in the time since the dam had been built.
In the mid-19th century, the Atlanta & LaGrange Railroad was established and soon renamed the Atlanta & West Point Railroad, using the name of West Point; the city of East Point, Fulton County, Georgia, received its name for being at the northeastern end of this railroad line. The rail line linked metropolitan Atlanta with the lower reaches of the Chattahoochee River, with Columbus, and with Montgomery, Alabama, via the Montgomery & West Point Railroad.
Passenger service between Atlanta and Montgomery continued, on the "West Point Route", until approximately the beginning of the Amtrak era, or more than 100 years (circa 1855–circa 1970). The Montgomery-to-West Point rail line was completed in 1851, three years before the West Point-to-Atlanta segment. Rail operations were seriously disrupted during the Civil War (1861–65), as Southern rail lines were subject to Union Army attacks.
Toward the end of the war, West Point was the scene of the Battle of West Point (April 16, 1865, seven days after Lee's surrender at Appomattox).
Geography
West Point is located primarily in the southwest corner of Troup County, with a portion extending south into the northwest corner of Harris County. It is bordered to the northeast by the city of LaGrange, the Troup County seat. The city is bordered to the west by the Chattahoochee River, across which are the cities of Lanett and Valley, Alabama. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which are land and , or 1.11%, are water.
Interstate 85 runs northeast to southwest through the city, leading northeast to Atlanta and southwest to Montgomery, Alabama. Other highways that run through the city include U.S. Route 29, Georgia State Route 18, and Georgia State Route 103.
Climate
Demographics
2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 3,719 people, 1,579 households, and 970 families residing in the city.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,382 people, 1,354 households, and 931 families residing in the city. Its population density was . There were 1,515 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 40.60% White, 57.84% African American, 0.03% Native American, 0.89% Asian, 0.15% from other races, and 0.50% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.
There were 1,354 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.7% were married couples living together, 26.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.2% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.07.
29.4% of the city's population were under the age of 18, 6.4% were from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.2% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $31,886, and the median income for a family was $37,797. Males had a median income of $32,271 versus $22,135 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,735. About 16.4% of families and 19.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.1% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over.
Economy
Kia Motors opened an automobile factory in West Point in 2009. Since 2011, the West Point auto factory has been manufacturing models of the Kia Telluride, Kia Sorento, and Kia K5.
Batson-Cook Construction was founded in West Point in 1913. It continues to be headquartered in West Point.
West Point Iron Works was founded in West Point three years after the Civil War ended. The company started off as a supplier of individual components, such as pulleys and gears, to nearby textile mills. In the 1930s the company was renamed West Point Foundry and Machine Co. In the 2000s, having been negatively impacted by imports (cloth) the company turned to SEETAC to seek assistance to use the firm's engineering and production expertise to provide products to the U.S. military. The firm also changed its name to West Point Industries to emphasize its broader client base. West Point now also makes component parts for manufacturers in a wide range of industries.
Education
Troup County High School and Long Cane Middle School, located in LaGrange, serve the children of West Point and the surrounding area.
Point University, formerly Atlanta Christian College, a private Christian university in East Point, moved their campus to West Point in 2012.
Notable people
Drew Ferguson, politician
Dorothy Kirby, professional golfer
Alex Moore, American football player
Joe Palmisano, baseball player
Ansley Truitt, basketball player
2019 Kia Super Bowl advertisement
In 2019, automobile manufacturer Kia recorded a mini-documentary about West Point, titled "A Small Georgia Town", about the declining textile-town that was revitalized by the construction of the motor plant. Kia also ran an ad about the town during the 2019 Super Bowl, titled "Give It Everything". Kia has pledged the money that would have been spent endorsing a celebrity to pay for local students in need to attend college or a tech school.
The ad received generally negative reviews from critics, claiming it is "generic" and "preachy", with Oxford Road stating "For once, just once, could an auto manufacturer please stop just talking in generic platitudes and substantiate one claim?", "It sounds like this poor young man was asked to read a script saying the car is made of, for, and by hopeless people."
Gallery
References
External links
Battle of West Point
Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Columbus metropolitan area, Georgia
Cities in Harris County, Georgia
Cities in Troup County, Georgia
Georgia populated places on the Chattahoochee River |
Uzbekistan State University of World Languages (abbreviated as UzSWLU, Uzbek: Oʻzbekiston davlat Jahon Tillari Universiteti; abbreviated as OʻzDJTU) is a public university located in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Islam Karimov established this university by merging two language institutions in 1992.
The University is organised into 8 faculties: Roman & German Philology, Journalism, Translation Studies, Russian Philology and three English faculties, English Philology faculty and offers bachelor, master degrees in language-related fields.
It has also the main national responsibility for training and requalification ESL teachers, creating and updating language textbooks, teaching methods, strategies in Uzbekistan. In addition to that, the University also maintains its own printing service and coordinates the Centre for Development of Language Teaching Methods.
History
UzSWLU is relatively young institution, established by Islam Karimov, former Uzbekistan's President. In its current form, It was created in 1992 by the merger of two higher institutes in Tashkent as follows:
Tashkent Pedagogical Institute of Foreign Languages, established in 1949.
Russian Language and Literature Institute, established in 1963.
In 2007, the University established a lyceum that prepares middle school students to enter the University and also teaches language and humanitarian subjects in depth. Prior to this 2017, the University contained three lyceums, but with the introduction of an eleven-year educational school, this number was reduced to one. This lyceum is located on Bobur Street in Tashkent.
Faculties
UzSWLU mainly focuses on language-related fields and it's divided into 7 faculties. The faculties are listed as follows:
First English language faculty
Second English language faculty
Third English language faculty
Roman and German Philology
Russian Philology
Translation Studies
International Journalism
English Philology faculty
The University has three English faculties but they cover different fields, for example, the first faculty is aimed at training interpreters.
First English faculty
This faculty was firstly established on 12 May 1992 by President Karimov.
The history of the faculty is directly linked to the history of the university as it was opened in the same year with the establishment of the university. This faculty actually trains ESL teachers and also gives them a choice to learn second language.
The list of the second languages which are taught are given as follows, and the student can choose which language to learn: French, German, Arab, Spanish, Turkish and Chinese.
It also cooperates with some international companies and institutions. The partners of the faculty are given as follows: British Council in Uzbekistan, American Embassy in Uzbekistan, "ITEC" program of Indian Embassy, educational program of Malaysian Embassy in Uzbekistan and with the "TEMPUS" program of European Union. There are three main departments which are currently located at the faculty, and they are: "English language phonetics and phonology department", "English language grammar and history department", "Professional lexica department". This is the oldest faculty in this university.
Second English faculty
The second faculty shares the same structure and serves the similar purposes as the faculty. However, the main differences between the faculties could be found.
It's one of the youngest faculties that was created after splitting the first English faculty in 2002. It was granted a special status in 2009 so now it's fully independent college that is working . Nowadays, there are about 1461 students who are currently involved with the studies at the faculty.
There's more than 100 lecturers and teachers and more 61 of them have or hold a doctor degree. The faculty offers the right to choose one course as the second language, rather than English. There are four main departments at the faculty, which are given as follows: "Practical subjects on English language", "Lexicology of English language", "Stylistics of English language" and "Natural subjects".
Third English language faculty
The third one is the same with its structure and the educational materials with its two ancestors, that's mentioned before.
This faculty is also considered to be the youngest English language related faculty of the University,
as it was first established by the Decree of the President of Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov number PD-1875 on the topic of "Developing the systems of learning foreign languages" in the year of 2012 on 10 December, and by the Edict of President of Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov number PD-1971 on the topic of "Developing the "Uzbekistan State University of World Languages"", in the year of 2013 on 23 May.
Nowadays, there are about 1204 students who are involved with the studies at the "Third English language faculty", and in a short period of time the faculty became very famous among the young generation of Uzbekistan, as it gives essential practical and theoretical knowledge about the English language.
The students can obtain the bachelor's degree from the faculty, from the following branches which are: "Teaching of philology and foreign languages (English language)" and "Foreign language and its literature (English language)".
Students can obtain their master's degree from the faculty, by the branches which are given as follows: "English language" and "Literature" (English literature). There are three main departments at the "Third English language faculty" and they are given as follows:
English language and English literature – focuses on grammar of English language and the literature of English language
Learning the English language in an integrated way – teaches the students to the essential parts of English and the subjects at the department are unusual and complicated
Theoretical subjects – the biggest department at the faculty, as it covers all the other subjects which are: History, Native language (Uzbek), Physical Education, the second language (One of French, Spanish, Arab, Turkish, Indian people, Chinese, Japanese, Malaysian and Italian languages)
Roman-German philology faculty
Roman and German philology faculty was opened in 2013 by consolidation all non-English departments that focus on German, French and Spanish.
There are 805 students who are currently involved with the studies at the "Roman-German philology faculty", and there are more than 100 teachers at the faculty. Most of the teachers have their scientific degrees on their related subjects and languages, and 58 of them are considered as the professors.
Russian philology faculty
This is a well-known faculty that fulfils the demand of Russian specialists and Russian teachers in Uzbekistan since there is a lot of Russian schools or students who would like to study subjects exclusively in Russian.
Translation Studies
Opened in 1994, the faculty is not really popular among the applicants, however, the needs for the interpreters in Uzbekistan grow year by year.
They teach English, French, Spanish and German to their students and master's degree programme was opened in 2005. The sponsors of the faculty are given as follows: Moscow State Language University, Perudja University (Italy), Beijing Chinese language and Culture Institute, Seoul Chun Ang University, KOICA, Deli University (India), JICA International Corporation (Japan), British Council in Uzbekistan and many other institutions.
There are 6 main departments which are currently located at the faculty, and they are given as follows:
Interpreting theory and practice – gives essential knowledge about interpreting techniques and enlarges the theoretical knowledge by practice
Chinese language theory and practice – teaches the Chinese language by the theoretical and practical points of view. Teaches the techniques of interpreting form Chinese language.
Intensive teaching of the second language – teaches the second language which could be chosen by the student, in a short period of time, by intensive and fast pace of teaching.
East languages – techniques of speaking and using the "Eastern languages", and the similarities between the "Eastern languages".
Modern pedagogic technologies – gives essential knowledge about the techniques and technologies of teaching languages and philology.
Information and communication technologies – teaches how to use the information technologies, as the right and proper tool for the interpreting work.
English philology faculty
The activity of this faculty started from the 2020-2021 academic year. The Faculty of English Philology operates on the basis of the laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan, editorial documents of the Republic of Uzbekistan, decisions of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan, orders of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and the internal rules of the Uzbekistan State World Languages University. All textbooks and educational processes are determined by the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan and approved by the Government of Uzbekistan. The faculty includes 4 departments, which are as follows:
Department of English functional lexicon;
Department of practical aspects of English language;
Department of English language teaching and educational technologies;
Department of theoretical sciences of English.
Lyceum
Nearly, all of the higher educational institutions of Uzbekistan are linked with the academic lyceums and the colleges that prepare some students for them. There's actually a lyceum that was opened in 2007 and now located on Bobur Str.
Academic Lyceum of the UzSWLU
The lyceum enrols only the students who have finished their middle school and then successfully passed the admission tests.
Currently, this lyceum has three faculties: Foreign Languages, Humanities and Natural Sciences. Each department has its own curriculum and specialized subjects, for example, the faculty of foreign languages is exclusively engaged in teaching English at the intermediate and higher levels and the humanities department focuses only on history and related subjects; the main goal of the lyceum is to prepare a graduate with a sufficient level of knowledge for the university.
See also
List of universities in Uzbekistan
Inha University in Tashkent
Tashkent State Technical University
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Melioration
Tashkent Financial Institute
Moscow State University in Tashkent named M.V Lomonosov
Tashkent Automobile and Road Construction Institute
Tashkent State University of Economics
Tashkent State Agrarian University
Tashkent State University of Law
Tashkent University of Information Technologies
University of World Economy and Diplomacy
Westminster International University in Tashkent
Philology
Language school
Omsk Foreign Language Institute
Taipei Language Institute
Klingon Language Institute
References
External links and sources
Uzbek State Test Centre
News about the university
Article and news about the university
Brochure about the university
Article about the university
University in maps
Forum page discussing the university
Information about the University
News about the university
Brochure about the university
University in the maps
Events at the university
Article and news from official site of the university
Events and news from the university
Events at the university
Chinese delegation at the University
Universities in Uzbekistan
Buildings and structures in Tashkent
Education in Tashkent |
Jonathon Carson (born 1991) is a Canadian politician who was elected in the 2015 Alberta general election to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta representing the electoral district of Edmonton-Meadowlark. Jon was re-elected on April 16, 2019 as an MLA for Edmonton-West Henday.
Personal life
Carson is a trained Electrician, studied at Northern Alberta Institute of Technology, first attaining a diploma in radio and television broadcasting, then later returning for an electrical apprenticeship.
After becoming MLA for Edmonton-Meadowlark, Carson moved into a condo in Spruce Grove. Carson was re-elected as an MLA for Edmonton-West Henday by a narrow margin over UCP candidate Nicole Williams in the 2019 Albertan general election.
He was appointed to be the Official Opposition Critic on Service Alberta in May 2019. Carson announced he would not seek re-election in May 2022. He was succeeded by Brooks Arcand-Paul in the 2023 Alberta general election.
Electoral history
2019 general election
2015 general election
References
1991 births
Alberta New Democratic Party MLAs
Electricians
Living people
Politicians from Edmonton
Politicians from Saskatoon
21st-century Canadian politicians |
Ann Howard (born 1942) is an Australian author and historian. She has written books on the history of the Australian Women's Army Service, including You'll Be Sorry! How World War II Changed Women's Lives. Her more recent books include A Carefree War: The Hidden History of World War II Child Evacuees, which she wrote after interviewing more than 100 Australians about their experiences. A resident of Dangar Island on the Hawkesbury River, New South Wales, for nearly 50 years, Howard has also authored four books on the island's history.
Early life in England
Howard was born in London in 1942. During World War II, she was evacuated with her mother to Eastbourne on the coast of Sussex, where her family remained after the war. She received a scholarship to Goldsmiths, University of London, intending to become a painter.
Life in Australia
Howard moved to Brisbane, Australia, with her husband and their two young children in the 1970s. After he died unexpectedly, she bought a run-down property on Dangar Island, just north of Sydney. Called The Pavilion, it was the last remaining part of the homestead of politician Henry Cary Dangar, built in 1889. Howard completed two masters degrees while working as a teacher, raising her three sons, and gradually restoring the heritage home.
Regarding her work as a historian, Howard has stated, "I like grassroots history; I don’t like history that is politicised. I like to hear people's voices and try to provide a platform for people's voices. So I'm always listening for stories."
Major works and critical reception
You'll Be Sorry!
Howard's You'll Be Sorry: How World War II Changed Women's Lives (2016) is based largely on extracts from interviews, letters, and other recollections of 150 Australian women who served in the wartime auxiliary services, focusing on their experiences in assisting the military and their return to often "duller or frustrating lives" afterwards. The women worked as clerks, cryptographers, transport drivers, despatch riders, and at coastal artillery installations.
The 2016 edition published by BigSky Publishing is an augmented version of two volumes Howard originally published in 1990, including You'll Be Sorry! and Where Do We Go From Here? In 2017, You'll Be Sorry was shortlisted for the Society of Women Writers' non-fiction history prize.
C'mon Over
Her book, C'mon Over: Voluntary Child Migrants from Tilbury to Sydney (2002), examined the lives of children who were sent from England to Australia under a child welfare scheme started by Dr Thomas Barnardo.
In 2003, a review in The Journal of Australian Studies commended the way that Howard "skilfully outlines the precarious act faced by policy makers" in C'mon Over: Voluntary Child Migrants from Tilbury to Sydney. Noting that Howard, like Barnardo, "[eschews] statistics in favour of personal vignettes and concrete details" about the child migrants' experiences, the review stated that the "main complaint is simply that too little of each story is told", while acknowledging "the need to compress what is surely a staggering amount of research".
A Carefree War
For A Carefree War: The Hidden History of World War II Child Evacuees (2018), Howard interviewed more than 100 Australians about their wartime experiences as children who were sent inland for their protection. A 2018 review in Agora said that A Carefree War: The Hidden History of World War II Child Evacuees "succeeds in painting a picture of this darkest and most perilous year", 1942, when it appeared a Japanese invasion of Australia was imminent. A review in The Australian called it a "scrupulously researched and usefully indexed book".
Dangar Tales
In addition, Howard has written four books on the history of Dangar Island, including details about its social history. The Bush Telegraph Weekly said that Rainbow on the River and Other Dangar Tales "sheds light on previously unknown history of Dangar Island with many marvellous river tales." Environmental historian Paul Boon noted that "[Howard's] books collate an amusing collection of anecdotes and snippets of local history."
Selected bibliography
Non-fiction historical
A Carefree War: The Hidden History of World War II Child Evacuees
You'll Be Sorry! How World War II Changed Women's Lives
Where Do We Go From Here? Compelling Postwar Experiences of Australian Ex-Servicewomen, 1945–1948
C'mon Over: Voluntary Child Migrants from Tilbury to Sydney, 1921 to 1965
After Barnardo: Voluntary Child Migrants from Tilbury to Sydney, 1921 to 1965, with Eric Leonard
Women in Australia
Books on Dangar Island
Rainbow on the River & Other Dangar Tales
Derrymacash to Dangar
Ten Dry Pies & Other Dangar Tales
A Ghost, a Murder & Other Dangar Tales
Books for children
The Cattle Drovers (The Making of Australia)
Coaches, Riverboats, and Railways (The Making of Australia)
Short works
"The Old Country" in Haunted Encounters: Ghost Stories from Around the World
References
1942 births
Living people
Australian women journalists
Journalists from New South Wales
Australian women short story writers
20th-century Australian historians
21st-century Australian historians
21st-century Australian journalists
20th-century Australian journalists
20th-century Australian short story writers
21st-century Australian short story writers
20th-century Australian women writers
21st-century Australian women writers
English emigrants to Australia |
Enskede IK is a Swedish football club located in Gamla Enskede, Stockholm.
Background
Since their foundation in 1914 Enskede IK has participated mainly in the lower divisions of the Swedish football league system but since 2004 they have resided in Division 2. The club currently plays in Division 2 Södra Svealand which is the fourth tier of Swedish football. They play their home matches at the Enskede IP in Enskede.
Today EIK is one of Sweden's biggest football clubs with over 140 teams. A few years ago, Enskede IK had bandy and hockey teams, too, but today it is just a football club.
From 1989 to 2005, the club president was the Swedish politician Bo Ringholm.
Season to season
Attendances
In recent seasons Enskede IK have had the following average attendances:
First-team squad
Notable alumni
Noah Sonko Sundberg
Anton Salétros
Oscar Krusnell
Oliver Dovin
Benny Lekström
Björn Runström
Daniel Örlund
Andi Toompuu
Magdalena Eriksson
External links
Enskede IK – Official Website
Footnotes
Football clubs in Stockholm
Association football clubs established in 1914
1914 establishments in Sweden |
In the Action in the Gulf of Sidra, codenamed Operation Prairie Fire, the United States Navy deployed aircraft carrier groups in the disputed Gulf of Sidra in the Mediterranean Sea. Libya had claimed that the entire Gulf was their territory, at 32° 30' N, with an exclusive fishing zone. Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi asserted this in 1973, and dubbed it "The Line of Death". The United States claimed its rights to conduct naval operations in international waters, a standard of territorial limit from a country's shore. This engagement followed the 1981 Gulf of Sidra incident and preceded another in 1989.
Background
Tensions between the United States and Libya heightened after the hijacking of TWA Flight 847 on 14 June 1985, and the Rome and Vienna airport attacks on 27 December that same year. The United States claimed that the Libyan leader was involved in these actions through his support of the alleged perpetrator, Palestinian terrorist Abu Nidal.
At the same time, Libya began the installation of SA-5 Gammon surface-to-air missile batteries and radars they received from the Soviet Union in late 1985, to bolster their air defense. As the United States Navy had done for several years, they challenged Libya's claim to the Gulf of Sidra by crossing the so-called "Line of Death".
After the terrorist attacks in Rome and Vienna, the U.S. Navy began several "Freedom of Navigation" operations in the area around Libya, in an operation named "Attain Document". The first two parts of the operation were held from 26 to 30 January, then 12–15 February, without incident. The third part began on 23 March, with a carrier battle group from the United States Sixth Fleet consisting of the aircraft carriers , and , in addition to five cruisers, twelve destroyers, six frigates, 250 aircraft and 27,000 personnel near the gulf. , , , and were the fuel, ammunition and combat stores (food and supplies) replenishment ships supplying the entire battle group.
Coral Sea and Saratoga had participated in the first two parts of the operation, and were joined by America in mid-March. The aircraft carriers dispersed in an east–west line along the northern edge of Tripoli's Flight Information Region (FIR) approximately north of the Line of Death. America conducted flight operations from midnight to noon, Saratoga from noon to midnight, and Coral Sea from 05:30 to 18:30. Reduced coverage during darkness reflected the minimal Libyan night-time flight operations observed during the first two parts of the operation.
Previously, Muammar Gaddafi had made threats that he would shoot down or destroy U.S. aircraft or ships moving over the "Line of Death". According to U.S. Secretary of State George P. Shultz, the United States' position was quite clear; there would be no restriction on U.S. naval movements through international waters. By crossing the "Line of Death", American forces were asserting their right to keep international sea lanes open and "conduct naval and air exercises in every part of the globe." During the operations held in January and February 1986, the United States Navy made 130 intercepts of Libyan fighters in the airspace over the Gulf of Sidra, although neither side opened fire.
Hostilities
On 23 March 1986, American aircraft from the three aircraft carriers crossed the "Line of Death" and began operating in the Gulf of Sidra.
On 24 March at 06:00 (CET), , accompanied by two destroyers, and , moved south of the "Line", covered by fighter aircraft. A Libyan missile installation near Surt (Sirte) launched two Soviet-made SA-5 "Gammon" surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) at 07:52 (CET), toward F-14A Tomcats of Americas VF-102. The missiles missed their target and fell harmlessly into the sea. Two additional SA-5 missiles were launched at 13:52 toward F-14s acting as the southernmost combat air patrol (CAP). These missiles were jammed by an EA-6B Prowler; Libyans and their Soviet instructors claimed that those two missiles had hit their targets, which had fallen into the sea, but failed to convince Soviet intelligence and Mikhail Gorbachev.
Two hours later, two MiG-25 Foxbats took off from Benina air base with orders to intercept and shoot down some of the U.S. fighters. Before the Libyan aircraft could get close enough, a U.S. Navy E-2C Hawkeye detected them and alerted two F-14As from VF-33, which intercepted the MiGs at . The Libyans began aggressive head-on maneuvering in an effort to get into firing position on the two F-14s .
The F-14 wing leader alleged "excessive hostile actions and intentions", which led the air warfare commander aboard to give the pilots the signal "warning yellow, weapons hold". This meant the F-14s could open fire if necessary. An intense dogfight ensued, though without any missiles being fired. The F-14s dropped to , where they had a distinct advantage over the MiG-25s and positioned themselves between the sun and the Libyans.
The F-14s moved into a six o'clock position behind the hostile MiGs, locked on to them with radar and acquired AIM-9 Sidewinder tones, which meant they were ready to shoot the Libyans down. The MiGs moved off, seeming to follow a return course to their base. However, one of them reversed course, turning against the F-14s. The F-14 wing leader acquired the MiG, and requested permission to open fire. Before permission could be granted, the MiG-25 turned away and headed south.
Several Libyan patrol boats headed out towards the U.S. battle group, and the Americans responded by sending up aircraft to counter them. When one of the patrol boats locked on to American aircraft with its fire-control radar, , a destroyer leader who had been serving as anti-aircraft radar picket ship defending the carrier group's right flank responded by firing an RGM-84 Harpoon missile, striking the vessel and setting it ablaze. It was towed back to Benghazi.
USS Saratoga launched A-7 Corsair II attack aircraft armed with AGM-88 HARM missiles from Attack Squadron VA-83, A-6 Intruder aircraft armed with Harpoon missiles and cluster bombs from VA-85 and EA-6Bs from VAQ-132. USS America had A-6Es from VA-34 and EA-6Bs from the U.S. Marine Corps squadron VMAQ-2 and USS Coral Sea had A-6Es from VA-55 and EA-6Bs from VAQ-135 in the air.
These were supported by several E-2Cs, F-14As, F/A-18 Hornets and KA-6D aerial refueling aircraft. The first air strikes occurred around 19:26 (CET) when two A-6E TRAM Intruders from VA-34 found the French-built patrol boat Waheed. Waheed was first disabled by a Harpoon missile fired by one of the A-6 Intruders from VA-34 and then destroyed by Intruders from VA-85 using Rockeye cluster bombs.
Forty minutes later, F-14As, F/A-18As, A-7Es and EA-6Bs headed towards the SA-5 site near Surt at low level and suddenly climbed, which caused the Libyans to activate their radars and launch missiles at the incoming aircraft. This prompted the A-7Es to launch several HARM missiles. The strike formation then descended to above sea level and turned back. According to declassified Soviet documents and memoirs published in 2001 one of the missiles damaged a Square Pair (5N62) radar.
A-6Es from VA-86 and VA-55 turned to engage several Libyan missile boats. At around 21:55 (CET), two A-6Es from VA-55 attacked the Ain Zaquit which was heading towards , prompting Yorktown to vector the Intruders to deploy Harpoon missiles, one of which hit Ain Zaquit causing heavy damage. At the same time, Yorktown fired two Harpoon missiles at another La Combattante IIa-class boat, disabling it.
At approximately midnight (CET), the Libyans launched several SA-2 Guidelines and SA-5s, this time at the American A-6Es and A-7Es, which responded by heading towards the coast. A-7Es from VA-83 launched HARM missiles, disabling several Libyan radars. Three more SA-5s were launched from Syrte with a single SA-2 launched near Benghazi. At 07:30 (CET) another Libyan Nanuchka-class corvette was intercepted by A-6Es from VA-55 and was disabled by Rockeye munitions. The corvette was later sunk by a Harpoon missile launched from a VA-85 A-6E.
The operation was terminated after this strike with no losses to the Americans. 35 sailors were killed and there were unknown material losses to the Libyans.
See also
1986 United States bombing of Libya
References
Further reading
Davis, Brian Lee. Qaddafi, Terrorism, and the Origins of the U.S. Attack on Libya. Chapter 4 "Operation Prairie Fire", pp. 101–110. New York: Praeger, 1990.
Stanik, Joseph. El Dorado Canyon: Reagan's Undeclared War with Qaddafi. Ch. 4 "Operation Prairie Fire". Naval Institute Press, 2017
Is Trump Yet Another U.S. President Provoking a War? By Robin Wright. The New Yorker, 13 May 2019
Conflicts in 1986
G
20th-century naval battles
1986 in the United States
Military history of Libya
Libya–United States military relations
1986 in Libya
Maritime incidents in Libya |
Cabrières is the name or part of the name of several communes in France:
Cabrières, Gard, in the Gard department
Cabrières, Hérault, in the Hérault department
Cabrières-d'Aigues, in the Vaucluse department
Cabrières-d'Avignon, in the Vaucluse department |
Mysterton is a suburb in the City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. In the Mysterton had a population of 809 people.
It is one of the smallest suburbs in Townsville.
Geography
Mysterton is predominantly residential, and is situated between the suburbs of Hermit Park, Mundingburra, Pimlico and Hyde Park.
Townsville Connection Road (Charters Towers Road) runs along most of the eastern boundary.
History
Mysterton was given its name in honor of Arminius Danner's house, which at the time of its naming in the 1880s was located in the St. Johns Wood Estate subdivision. During another subdivision in the 1920s, it was known as Mysterton Estate.
In the 2011 census, Mysterton had a population of 834 people.
In the Mysterton had a population of 809 people.
Heritage listings
Mysterton has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
21 Lawson Street: Rosebank, home of Townsville pioneer, Andrew Ball
Education
There are no schools in Mysterton. The nearest government primary schools are Hermit Park State School in neighbouring Hyde Park to the north and Mundingburra State School in neighbouring Mundingburra to the south. The nearest government secondary school is Pimlico State High School in Gulliver to the west.
References
External links
Suburbs of Townsville |
Futbol Club L'Escala is a Spanish football club based in L'Escala in the comarca of the Alt Empordà in Catalonia, Spain. Founded in 1912, they play in the , holding home matches at the Estadi Municipal de L'Escala.
Season to season
1 season in Tercera Federación
References
External links
Official blog
fcf.cat profile
Association football clubs established in 1912
Football clubs in Catalonia
Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol clubs
1912 establishments in Spain |
Mosida (or infrequently Mosida-by-the-Lake) is a ghost town located on the southwestern shore of Utah Lake, in Utah County, Utah, United States. The nearest inhabited town is Elberta, some to the south. A heavily promoted planned community in the 1910s, Mosida was ultimately a failure.
History
The land was purchased from the Utah State Land Board in 1909 by a group of three men: R. E. Morrison, Joseph Simpson, and J. E. Davis. They planned to divide the land and sell it in tracts for peach orchards. They named their project Mosida, an acronym formed from the first two letters of each of their surnames. Within months they sold out to a group of promoters from Denver, Colorado who incorporated as the Mosida Fruit Lands Company.
The company began to improve the property and advertise to prospective investors and buyers. Since the land west of Utah Lake lacks any major streams, they built a pumphouse at the lake's edge, dug irrigation ditches, and installed a series of pumps to water the farmland. A large boarding house was constructed to house up to 250 workers. In 1911 the boarding house filled with workmen from surrounding towns, recruited to clear and plow the land and plant apple and peach seedlings. A steam tractor pulling a massive gang plow was used to break up the soil.
By 1912, of land had been plowed, 50,000 fruit trees planted, and of grain harvested. The company built a 25-room luxury hotel which became the town landmark, used to house tourists and prospective investors. Those who came to consider purchasing tracts of land or shares of stock were given a grand tour and a powerful sales pitch about Mosida's natural advantages and bright future. No expense was spared to impress the guests; a fine passenger boat ferried them across the lake to and from Provo. Locals sometimes used the boat as a dance floor for parties. The Mosida Fruit Lands Company soon added more houses, a store, a post office, and even a school. They imported two French cooks to provide their workers the best of meals at the boarding house. The company's salesmanship was effective; by 1913 some 400 people had moved to Mosida and were working the farms and orchards.
The new residents quickly found that life in Mosida did not live up to the promotional literature's glowing descriptions. The fruit trees began to die; it transpired that the soil was too salty and mineralized for them. Other crops such as wheat and peanuts did better, but swarms of grasshoppers damaged the surviving crops, especially the alfalfa. Transportation to and from the isolated site was a challenge, and became even harder when the Mosida boat was destroyed in a fire on April 17, 1913. The pumping and irrigation operations also proved more expensive than planned, despite a second pumping plant installed in 1914. The lake level fluctuated widely from year to year, dropping so low in 1915 that the water could no longer be pumped. Individual landowners and the company itself found themselves increasingly in debt, and in 1915 the Mosida Fruit Lands Company was placed under court-ordered receivership. Creditors tried to keep the project going for a few more years, but by 1917 most people had left. The population dropped to 67 by 1920, and with no more water or power available Mosida died. The last resident stayed until 1924.
Some ruins of Mosida still stand, including the foundations of the hotel and schoolhouse, and the concrete pumphouse walls.
See also
List of ghost towns in Utah
References
External links
Ghost towns in Utah County, Utah
Populated places established in 1910
Ghost towns in Utah |
The 1998 Gloucester City Council election took place on 5 May 1998 to elect members of Gloucester City Council in England.
Results
|}
Ward results
Abbeymead
Barnwood
Barton
Eastgate
Hucclecote
Kingsholm
Linden
Longlevens
Matson
Podsmead
Quedgeley
Tuffley
Westgate
References
1998 English local elections
1998
1990s in Gloucestershire |
"Alligator Man" is the first episode of the second season of the American comedy-drama television series Atlanta, and the eleventh episode of the series overall. It was originally broadcast on FX in the United States on March 1, 2018. The episode follows series protagonist Earn as he tries to break up a domestic disturbance involving his uncle, played by guest star Katt Williams.
The episode was praised by critics and received 0.851 million viewers in its initial airing.
Plot
The episode opens with a robbery of a Mrs. Winner's committed by two teenagers.
Later, sometime before Christmas, Earn is "evicted" from his storage facility space. He visits Alfred (who is under house arrest) and Darius (who is mutually at odds with Alfred). After Earn reviews the terms of his probation, Earn and Darius then visit Earn's uncle Willy to defuse a domestic disturbance. Willy is antagonistic even when the police arrive but eventually simmers down and flees the house after talking to Earn about not repeating his history of professional and personal mistakes, but not before giving Earn a gold-plated handgun.
Earn and Darius then return to Alfred's house, but Earn chooses not to ask to stay with them after Tracy, one of Alfred's friends and an ex-con, beats him to it, making him officially homeless.
Production
The episode prominently references the Florida Man meme.
Reception
"Alligator Man" received positive reviews from critics. Vulture praised the opening gunfight sequence of the episode and "when the blood and screams flip the vibe from slapstick to horror". The publication did, however, criticize the role of women in the show as people that "things simply happen to", rather than agents of change.
The episode received 0.851 million viewers in its initial airing, described as "steady" with the ratings from the first season's finale, "The Jacket". "Alligator Man" scored a 0.4 rating in the 18–49 demographic.
Donald Glover received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series for this episode. Katt Williams won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series for his performance in this episode. It additionally received a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series.
References
External links
2018 American television episodes
Atlanta (TV series) episodes
Television episodes directed by Hiro Murai
Television episodes written by Donald Glover |
is a professional Japanese baseball player. He plays catcher for the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters.
External links
NPB.com
1996 births
Living people
Baseball people from Yamaguchi Prefecture
Japanese baseball players
Nippon Professional Baseball catchers
Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters players |
Lee Phillip Bell (born Loreley June Phillip; June 10, 1928 – February 25, 2020) was an American talk show host and soap opera creator. During her career on Chicago television, she hosted over 10,000 programs and, early in her tenure, worked five shows a day, seven days a week. She went on to co-create two of American television's longest-running soap operas.
Early life
Bell was born Loreley June Phillip in Chicago, Illinois, to florists James A. and Helen Phillip (née Novak). Her parents named her after a Japanese Anemone flower. She had an older brother, J.R., and a younger brother, Russell.
Bell graduated from what is now known as Riverside-Brookfield High School in Riverside, Illinois. She then received a degree in microbiology from Northwestern University.
Career
Television performer and host
After graduating from Northwestern, Bell returned to work in her family's floral shop with her brothers. On occasion, she accompanied her brother Russell to the local television station where he worked on a local talk show demonstrating flower arrangement. Eventually, she took over this job from him, before quitting the floral shop altogether and pursuing other positions at the station. (In 1952 when Bell first started on television, the Chicago station was FCC licensed as WBKB-TV Channel 4. In 1953, the call letters and frequency of the station were changed to WBBM-TV Channel 2.) In December 1952, Bell began hosting a 15-minute show at 2:15 on weekday afternoons. She soon went to hosting a five-minute segment on “homemaker news” each weekday at 12:25 p.m. In 1953, Bell began hosting Meet Miss Lee, Mornin’ Miss Lee, Lee Phillip's Chicago, Shopping with Miss Lee and, later, The Lee Phillip Show, which became Noonbreak. In the early days of hosting Mornin’ Miss Lee, she also forecasted the weather, while wearing a hat that corresponded with her forecast. Bell would also read commercials on TV during football and basketball telecasts. By 1955, Bell was celebrating her 2,500th show on the station. Another special she hosted in 1975, Forgotten Children, was on child abuse. She also hosted other programs, including a Saturday morning children's program on WBBM-TV titled The Friendship Show from 1955 to 1965 and a WBBM Radio weekday afternoon show with Paul Gibson titled The Lady & The Tiger.
The Lee Phillip Show
For more than 30 years in Chicago, The Lee Phillip Show tackled rarely considered social problems. She investigated the lives of prisoners, the struggles of runaways and the dangers of breast cancer (one of the first televised self-exams was demonstrated on her show). The show quickly became a fixture in Chicago daytime television, drawing many celebrity guests. She interviewed Presidents Richard Nixon and Jimmy Carter (and his entire extended family) as well as actors John Wayne, Lucille Ball, and Judy Garland. The Lee Phillip Show was also shown in other cities in the early 1960s by CBS network affiliates and received 16 local Emmy Awards. On December 20, 1966, the show had a Christmas special that included The Nutcracker.
Television producer
During the early days of their marriage, William left advertising and began writing for soap operas like Guiding Light, As the World Turns and Another World with Irna Phillips. Lee Bell would learn about important issues via her television show, and pass them along to her husband, who in turn would weave them into his storylines.
After leaving her TV show, Bell joined her husband to co-create the popular CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless in 1973 and its sister show The Bold and the Beautiful in 1987. She also served as executive producer of The Bold and the Beautiful in the 1980s.
Awards and honors
Bell won a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series for The Young and the Restless in 1975. She received a lifetime achievement award from the Daytime Emmys in 2007. She received 16 regional (Chicago) Emmy awards and numerous Golden Mike awards throughout her career. She was also the recipient of the Alfred I. duPont–Columbia University Award for the May 1973 special The Rape of Paulette, the first program in Chicago to explore the issue, and in 1977 she was the first woman to receive the Governors award from the Chicago chapter of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences.
In 1980, she was named “Person of the Year” by the Broadcast Advertising Club of Chicago and the outstanding woman in communications by the Chicago YMCA. She also received the Salvation Army's William Booth Award for her distinguished career in communications and social service.
Personal life and death
While working at the talk show, Lee Phillip met advertising agent William Joseph Bell, later marrying him in 1954. They relocated from the Chicago area to the Beverly Grove neighborhood of Beverly Hills, California in 1986. The marriage lasted until his death on April 29, 2005.
Bell was the mother of William James Bell, Bradley Phillip Bell, Lauralee Bell Martin, and the mother-in-law of Maria Arena Bell and Colleen Bradley Bell; all of the Bell family members are involved in some way with the production of the company's soap operas. She also had eight grandchildren.
On February 25, 2020, she died at age 91; the announcement was made by her children. Bell died of natural causes at her home, according to Eva Basler, a spokeswoman for the family and their company Bell-Phillip Television Productions.
References
Citations
Sources
External links
1928 births
2020 deaths
Northwestern University alumni
American soap opera writers
American television talk show hosts
Daytime Emmy Award winners
Soap opera producers
Screenwriters from Chicago
Burials at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery |
```go
// this source code is governed by the included BSD license.
// +build windows
package libkb
import (
"errors"
"net"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
"time"
"github.com/keybase/client/go/logger"
mspipe "github.com/keybase/go-winio"
)
func NewSocket(g *GlobalContext) (ret Socket, err error) {
var s string
s, err = g.Env.GetSocketBindFile()
if err != nil {
return
}
if len(s) == 0 {
err = errors.New("Empty SocketFile, can't make pipe")
return
}
s = `\\.\pipe\kbservice` + strings.TrimPrefix(s, filepath.VolumeName(s))
log := g.Log
if log == nil {
log = logger.NewNull()
}
// ownership tests fail when server is in same proces, as in tests
return SocketInfo{
log: log,
bindFile: s,
dialFiles: []string{s},
testOwner: g.Env.Test == nil,
}, nil
}
func NewSocketWithFiles(
log logger.Logger, bindFile string, _ []string) Socket {
s := `\\.\pipe\kbservice` +
strings.TrimPrefix(bindFile, filepath.VolumeName(bindFile))
return SocketInfo{
log: log,
bindFile: s,
dialFiles: []string{s},
}
}
func (s SocketInfo) BindToSocket() (ret net.Listener, err error) {
s.log.Info("Binding to pipe:%s", s.bindFile)
return mspipe.ListenPipe(s.bindFile, nil)
}
func (s SocketInfo) DialSocket() (ret net.Conn, err error) {
timeout := time.Duration(1) * time.Second
pipe, err := mspipe.DialPipe(s.dialFiles[0], &timeout)
if err != nil {
// Be sure to return a nil interface, and not a nil npipe.PipeConn
// See path_to_url for when this
// bit us.
return nil, err
}
// This can't happen right now, but in the future it might, so protect against ourselves
// so we don't get vexing (*foo)(nil)/interface{}(nil) bugs.
if pipe == nil {
return nil, errors.New("bad npipe result; nil npipe.PipeConn but no error")
}
// Test ownership
if s.testOwner {
owner, err := IsPipeowner(s.log, s.dialFiles[0])
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if !owner.IsOwner {
return nil, errors.New("failed to verify pipe ownership")
}
}
// Success case
return pipe, err
}
func IsSocketClosedError(e error) bool {
return e == mspipe.ErrPipeListenerClosed
}
``` |
Der Kongress tanzt (English: The Congress Dances) is a German musical comedy film produced in 1931 by Ufa, directed by Erik Charell, starring Lilian Harvey as Christel Weinzinger, the glove seller, Willy Fritsch as Tsar Alexander I of Russia and his doppelgänger, Uralsky, Otto Wallburg as Bibikoff, his Adjutant, Conrad Veidt as Prince Metternich, Carl-Heinz Schroth as his Secretary, Pepi, Lil Dagover as the Countess and Alfred Abel as the King of Saxony.
Der Kongress tanzt is a particularly well achieved move in Ufa's attempt to challenge US supremacy in the European film arena, taking advantage of the introduction of sound. As such, the studio released the movie in three different language versions (MLV): in German, in French as Le congrès s'amuse, and English as Congress Dances. Lilian Harvey played in all three versions, as she spoke all languages; Henri Garat replaced Willy Fritsch for the French and English versions.
Ufa spared no efforts: the cast reads like a who's who of German film, from the top billers of the day to heavy-weight comedians - even the supporting cast is made out of stars. The sets were lavish and top talent made up the entire technical cast.
Despite the ambition and the auspicious beginning, Ufa's challenge to US supremacy never materialized, both due to the strength of the Hollywood majors and to the constraints Germany's creative film and performers would suffer from 1933 onwards.
"This truffle of cinema unfolds its flavours like a heavenly feast for the anonymous millions it is dedicated to." Lichtbild-Bühne.
Plot
Der Kongress tanzt takes place during the Congress of Vienna, that took place in 1814/1815 after the Napoleonic Wars, a meeting between the powers that was to set the frontiers of the world.
Russia's Tsar Alexander is traveling incognito among the people in the tradition of his ancestor Peter the Great, coming across a witty and charming Viennese glove seller, the young Christel Weinzinger. She announces her business by throwing flowers with a visiting card into each carriage that drives past. As the story unfolds, Christel is accused of an assassination attempt and finally condemned. The punishment is however waived and Christel is again free.
The Tsar, having fallen in love with Christel, uses the visiting card, in order to visit her in her business. A romance develops, with Prince Metternich and his army of spies intending to use the situation to further his own agenda. This however clashes with Pepi, his secretary, who is also in love with Christel. Christel tells her friends about the romance, which is naturally not believed. Only as the Tsar arrives with a splendid carriage to fetch her, does astonishment set in.
The romance is terminated when Napoléon Bonaparte escapes from the island of Elba and marches upon Paris. The Tsar, as all other rulers, has to leave. Christel stays behind, miserable, but finds solace with Pepi.
Cast
German version
Lilian Harvey as Christel Weinzinger
Willy Fritsch as Czar Alexander of Russia
Otto Wallburg as Bibikoff
Conrad Veidt as Prince Metternich
Carl-Heinz Schroth as Pepi
Lil Dagover as The Countess
Adele Sandrock as The Princess
Margarete Kupfer as The Countess
Julius Falkenstein as The Minister of Finance
Max Gülstorff as The Burgermeister
Paul Horbiger as Heurigen Singer
Boris Romanoff as Dancer
Ernst Stahl-Nachbaur as Napoleon
English version
Lilian Harvey as Christel
Conrad Veidt as Prince Metternich
Henri Garat as Czar Alexander I / Uralsky
Lil Dagover as Countess
Gibb McLaughlin as Bibikoff
Reginald Purdell as Pepi
Philipp Manning as King of Saxony
Humberston Wright as Duke of Wellington
Helen Haye as Princess
Spencer Trevor as Finance Minister
Tarquini d'Or as Heurige Singer
French version
Lilian Harvey as Christel Weizinger
Lil Dagover as The Countess
Henri Garat as Alexander Uralsky
Armand Bernard as Bibikoff
Pierre Magnier as Metternich
Odette Talazac as The Princess
Robert Arnoux as Pepi
Sinoel as Finance Minister
Jean Dax as Talleyrand
Paul Ollivier as Le Maire de Vienne
Tarquini d'Or as Heurige Singer
Reception
The Japanese filmmaker Akira Kurosawa cited this movie as one of his 100 favorite films.
References
Movies of the 30s edited by Jürgen Müller, Taschen.
External links
1931 films
1931 musical comedy films
1931 romantic comedy films
1930s historical comedy films
Banned films in Nazi Germany
German musical comedy films
German romantic comedy films
German historical comedy films
Films of the Weimar Republic
1930s German-language films
German black-and-white films
German multilingual films
Operetta films
Films set in the 1810s
Films set in Vienna
UFA GmbH films
Films directed by Erik Charell
Films produced by Erich Pommer
Balls (dance party) in films
Depictions of Napoleon on film
Cultural depictions of Klemens von Metternich
German historical romance films
1931 multilingual films
1930s historical musical films
German historical musical films
Films set in the Austrian Empire
Congress of Vienna
1930s German films |
Marina Nespor (born 3 November 1949 in Milan, Italy) is a Professor of linguistics at the Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati in Trieste, Italy, and senior researcher in the ERC PASCAL Project, a project investigating language acquisition and the nature of the biological endowment that allows humans to learn language. Much of Dr. Nespor's research focuses on the interaction of phonology and syntax: what the prosodic structure of an utterance communicates about its grammatical structure.
Nespor received a Ph.D. in linguistics from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1977. She was elected as member of the Academia Europaea in 2008. She has served on the editorial boards of several scientific journals, including Lingua, The Linguistic Review, and Linguistics.
Select publications
The 1986 book Prosodic Phonology by Marina Nespor and Irene Vogel is considered a classic work within its subfield. It introduced an analysis of prosodic structure, including elements such as meter, syllable structure, and stress patterns, within a framework of generative grammar. Using evidence from many different languages, the book investigates ways in which syntax and phonology affect one another, and how these in turn affect language perception. The book was reissued in 2007 by De Gruyter as part of their Studies in Generative Grammar series.
L'animale parlante ("The speaking animal") by Nespor and Donna Jo Napoli (2004) is an introduction to linguistics and closely related fields, aimed at readers new to the field. The book, written in Italian, introduces the standard elements of language – phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics – commonly encountered in linguistics courses. In addition, it provides an overview of language acquisition, speech and language pathology, signed languages, and language variation and change, in addition to discussing the relationship between human language and animal communication in other species.
Work by Nespor and colleagues considers gestures that accompany speech part of a broad system of communication prosody. Their experiments suggest that gestures help adults understand unintelligible speech or resolve ambiguity. Based on their findings, the authors propose a general system of prosody that includes gesture as well as phonological elements of speech.
References
Italian cognitive scientists
Linguists from Italy
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni
Phonologists
1949 births
Living people
Women linguists |
Margaritis () is a Greek surname. The female version is Margariti (Greek: Μαργαρίτη). It may refer to:
Alexandros Margaritis (born 1984), Greek-German racing driver
Dimitrios Margaritis, fighter in the Greek War of Independence
Filippos Margaritis, merchant, member of the Filiki Eteria
Filippos Margaritis (1839-1892), Greek photographer
Giorgos Margaritis (born 1991), Greek footballer
Yannis Margaritis, Greek theatre director
See also
Margariti, a municipality in Greece
Margariti, a settlement in Greece
Greek-language surnames
Surnames |
Lygropia acosmialis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Paul Mabille in 1879. It is found in Madagascar and Zambia.
References
Moths described in 1879
Lygropia |
Roderick Frazier Nash is a professor emeritus of history and environmental studies at the University of California Santa Barbara. He was the first person to descend the Tuolumne River using a raft.
Scholarly biography
Nash received his Bachelor of Arts from Harvard University in 1960 and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1965. He is the author of several books and essays. His dissertation, "Wilderness and the American Mind," done under the supervision of Merle Curti, became what has come to be seen as one of the foundational texts of the field of environmental history. After teaching for two years at Dartmouth College, he was called to the History Department at the University of California, Santa Barbara where he joined historians such as Wilbur Jacobs, Robert O. Collins, Frank J. Frost, C. Warren Hollister, Leonard Marsak, and Joachim Remak. After witnessing an oil spill in Santa Barbara in 1969, he and a number of other faculty members became active within the university and founded an environmental studies program there in 1970. Since the initial 12 graduates in 1972, there have been 4,000 graduates within 300 separate majors. Nash is an advocate for environmental education and an avid white-water river rafter.
Wilderness and the American Mind
Nash's study in this book concerns the attitude of Americans' toward the idea of wilderness. He discusses the different attitudes that American's have had toward nature since colonization and the changing uses and definitions of 'wilderness' in that context. Specifically, Nash describes the evolution of American wilderness conception through Transcendentalism, Primitivism, Preservationism, to Conservationism. Nash states that if wilderness is to survive, we must, paradoxically, manage wilderness – at the very least, our behavior towards the wilderness must be managed.
Bibliography
Wilderness and the American Mind (1967).
The American Environment: Readings in the History of Conservation (1968).
The Call of the Wild 1900–1916 (1970).
Environment and Americans: The Problem of Priorities (1972).
The Big Drops: Ten Legendary Rapids (1978). Co-authored with Robert O. Collins
The Rights of Nature: A History of Environmental Ethics (1989).
American Environmentalism: Readings in Conservation History (1990).
The Nervous Generation: American Thought, 1917–1930 (1990).
Also by Nash, Roderick:
From These Beginnings: A Biographical Approach to American History, Volume I and II.
References
Harvard University alumni
21st-century American historians
21st-century American male writers
Environmental historians
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
University of California, Santa Barbara faculty
American non-fiction environmental writers
Environmental studies scholars
Activists from California
American male non-fiction writers |
(subtitled Two Episodes from the Life of Niels Lyhne in Eleven Pictures, RT I/8) is a German-language opera with four interludes, by the English composer Frederick Delius. It is usually performed and recorded in English, as Fennimore and Gerda in a translation by Philip Heseltine. The German libretto, by the composer himself, is based on the novel Niels Lyhne by the Danish writer Jens Peter Jacobsen. In neither German nor English is the libretto highly regarded; rather, the work is considered an "orchestral opera", limited in its dramatic appeal but voluptuous and engaging in its instrumental texture.
Delius began writing Fennimore und Gerda in 1908; he finished in 1910, but the premiere, intended for the Cologne Opera, was delayed by the First World War and did not take place until 21 October 1919, and then by the Oper Frankfurt. It was the composer's last opera. The United States premiere of the work was staged by the Opera Theatre of Saint Louis in June 1981 with Kathryn Bouleyn as Fennimore and Kathryn Gamberoni as Gerda.
Roles
Synopsis
Place: Denmark
Time: Around 1860
Two cousins, the writer Niels Lyhne and the painter Erik Refstrup, are in love with the consul's daughter, Fennimore. She chooses Erik but the marriage begins to break down as a result of the artist's drinking and Fennimore embarks on an affair with Niels. Erik is killed in an accident and, overwhelmed with guilt, Fennimore breaks off the affair. The rejected Niels spends years travelling before he settles down and marries his neighbour's daughter, Gerda.
Recordings
Fennimore and Gerda – Elisabeth Söderström, Brian Rayner Cook, Robert Tear, Birger Brandt, Danish National Radio Choir and Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Meredith Davies (HMV, 1976; reissued on EMI CD, 1997)
Fennimore and Gerda – Randi Stene, Judith Howarth, Mark Tucker, Peter Coleman-Wright, Danish National Radio Choir and Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Richard Hickox (Chandos, 1999)
References
Further reading
Holden, Amanda (ed.), The New Penguin Opera Guide, New York: Penguin Putnam, 2001.
External links
Complete cast list, notes, extensive synopsis
Operas
1919 operas
Operas by Frederick Delius
English-language operas
Operas based on novels
Operas set in Denmark
Operas set in the 19th century |
Bloom's Arcade, now known as Blooms Apartments, is a Moderne-style shopping arcade built in 1930 in Tallulah, Louisiana, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 19, 1989.
The arcade includes 12 interior shop bays marked by brick pilasters. The arcade space is capped by a continuous glass skylight. It has checkerboard terrazo floors and pressed metal paneled ceilings in many of the shops. It was designed by architect Noah Webster Overstreet of Jackson, Mississippi and was built by contractor Tom Wilmoth of Camden, Arkansas.
Its 1989 NRHP nomination stated "the arcade clearly retains its original character as a unique Louisiana example of what is essentially a European phenomenon."
In 2013 the structure was completely restored by Brownstone Group and is now housing an apartments complex.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison Parish, Louisiana
References
External links
Blooms Apartments website
Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Louisiana
Streamline Moderne architecture in the United States
Buildings and structures completed in 1930
Madison Parish, Louisiana |
Late One Night is a Christian film released in 2001 by Dave Christiano. It stars Brad Heller, Josh Gaffga, Hugh McLean.
Plot
In flashback, a young boy in his room overhears his father and pregnant mother fighting; his father shouts that he's leaving the family, and "hates that kid." 25 years later, at a bar, a man flirts with a girl, who abruptly says, "Drop dead." In a diner booth, three factory workers banter with the cook and waitress. Outside, a man offers cards to passersby, preaching, "God loves you."
In the booth, Larry reluctantly describes an incident earlier at the factory: he was pursuing an office girl who, when she saw him coming, went the other way. Co-workers tried to persuade him to leave her alone. One, Riley, tried to tell him of the girl's religion, but Larry called him a "fake", and himself a "heathen." The boss summons Larry to his office to tell him of the complaint the girl filed, and orders him to leave her alone; Larry ends up calling him a fake as well. In the diner, the friends marvel at Larry's boldness. Outside, the preacher meets a man who acknowledges everything he says.
The man enters the diner to sit at the counter. Larry pesters him for a conversation and, finding out that he is a Christian, taunts the man by calling him "Jesus" and questioning why other Christians are fakes. After Larry verbally accosts him several times, and messes with his food, the man tells him, "God loves you." Larry denies this increasingly aggressively, finally yelling in the man's face about his broken home, his lack of a wife or girlfriend, and his long history of prison time, grabs the passive man by the collar and demands to know how God loves him. The cook breaks it up, and the man leaves. Larry gets up to follow the man, and tries to pay the bill, but the cook reveals that "Jesus" paid it.
Production and release
In 2000, it was announced that Christiano had begun filming, planning on a fall 2000 release. The film was released in 2001, and on DVD. It is one of the Christiano Brothers' films to be available on Sky Angel's "Video On Demand" service, announced in 2008, and is also available on Netflix.
The producer's website refers to "reach[ing] out with the message of this movie", and one reviewer noted its length as appropriate for small groups; the film has been used in that way.
Reception
Ken James of ChristianAnswers.net gave Late One Night a "moral rating" of excellent and gave the movie's moviemaking quality four out of five stars. He described the film as "more evangelistic" than many other films, referring to scenes of a proselytizing street preacher, and the religious tract he hands out. James found the character of "Jesus" to deliver the film's "most effective message," and the film's conclusion to "speak volumes." He added that the film's 33 minute duration made it suitable for "youth groups, Sunday Schools, or one-on-one meetings."
References
External links
Official website
2001 direct-to-video films
2001 films
Films about evangelicalism
Films about religion
2000s English-language films |
Federica Radicchi (born 21 December 1988) is an Italian water polo player.
Career
She competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics and the 2016 Summer Olympics.
She was part of the Italian team winning the bronze medal at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships, where she played in the centre forward position.
See also
List of Olympic medalists in water polo (women)
List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
References
External links
1988 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Rome
Italian female water polo players
Water polo centre backs
Water polo players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for Italy in water polo
World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
21st-century Italian women |
The False Friend is a 1917 American silent drama film directed by Harry Davenport and starring Robert Warwick, Gail Kane and Jack Drumier.
Cast
Robert Warwick as William Ramsdell
Gail Kane as Virginia Farrell
Jack Drumier as Robert Farrell
Earl Schenck as De Witt Clinton
P.J. Rollow as J. Carleton Clinton
Lewis Edgard as Byron
Pinna Nesbit as Marietta
References
Bibliography
James Robert Parish. Hollywood character actors. Arlington House, 1978.
External links
1917 films
1917 drama films
1910s English-language films
American silent feature films
Silent American drama films
Films directed by Harry Davenport
American black-and-white films
World Film Company films
1910s American films |
Henry Hermann Bauer (born November 16, 1931) is an emeritus professor of chemistry and science studies at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech). He is the author of several books and articles on fringe science, arguing in favor of the existence of the Loch Ness Monster and against Immanuel Velikovsky, and is an AIDS denialist. Following his retirement in 1999, he was editor-in-chief of the Journal of Scientific Exploration, a fringe science publication. Bauer also served as dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at Virginia Tech, generating controversy by criticising affirmative action.
Life and work
Henry Bauer was born in Austria. As the Nazis came to power in German-speaking Europe, Bauer and his family emigrated to Australia. He attended Sydney Boys High School from 1943 to 1944. Bauer received his Ph.D. from the University of Sydney in Australia in 1956. He conducted post-doctoral research at the University of Michigan, then taught at Sydney and in Michigan. In 1966, he moved to a faculty position at the University of Kentucky. Bauer became dean of the School of Arts and Sciences at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) in 1978, a position he held until 1986. Bauer was a professor of science studies and chemistry at Virginia Tech until his retirement in 1999. Bauer has had short-term teaching assignments at the University of Southampton and with a program of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science: at the University of Kyoto and in 1974 at Sophia University and Rikagaku Kenkyusho.
Although trained as a chemist, Bauer's interests shifted in the late 1960s from electrochemistry to science studies, an interdisciplinary mix of history, philosophy, and sociology of science. His special interest is in what he calls "scientific unorthodoxies", like the Loch Ness Monster, Immanuel Velikovsky, and other topics. After retiring from Virginia Tech, Bauer became the editor of the Journal of Scientific Exploration, a publication devoted to fringe and non-mainstream science. He also wrote several books and maintains a website claiming that HIV is not the necessary and sufficient cause of AIDS (a position without scientific support that is known as AIDS denialism).
From chemistry to science studies
Bauer was trained as an electrochemist and reported his research in numerous publications during the 1950s and 60s. From the 1970s, although he remained a professor of chemistry in title, Bauer researched fringe science and pseudoscience topics. At Virginia Tech, Bauer was a founding member of a program for science studies. Bauer's book on science studies, Scientific Literacy and the Myth of the Scientific Method, was reviewed in Science and Nature. In his review in Public Understanding of Science, John Ziman called Bauer "a stalwart veteran" of science studies.
During his investigations of what constitutes pseudoscience, Bauer came to believe in the existence of the Loch Ness Monster, UFOs and other "scientific unorthodoxies". He compares the lack of acceptance of pseudoscientific beliefs by the scientific community to the persecution his family suffered at the hands of the Nazis, stating, "I guess I am kind of naturally contrary....I think you can make a pretty good case that it's not worth just accepting whatever is the standard."
Loch Ness Monster
Bauer developed an interest in the Loch Ness Monster and based his belief in the Monster's existence on a film made by prominent "Nessie" enthusiast Tim Dinsdale. The film purportedly shows an object, commonly thought to be a boat, moving in the Scottish lake. In the 1980s, Bauer researched and wrote a book on the Loch Ness Monster and the popular fascination with it. "The Enigma of Loch Ness" was reviewed favorably in Isis. Bauer maintains a website arguing that there is strong evidence for the existence of the monster, which he says the media have conspired to trivialize and sensationalize. During his tenure as professor at Virginia Tech, Bauer took over twenty trips to Loch Ness, searching for the monster.
In a news interview, Bauer commented on his belief in the Loch Ness Monster and how it has influenced his career: "I've been quite open about it....if I had been a biologist instead of a chemist, I couldn't have gotten away with it. People could smile and say, 'Well, he's got his hobbyhorse.'"
Immanuel Velikovsky
In his book, Beyond Velikovsky: The History of a Public Controversy, Henry Bauer criticizes the research of Immanuel Velikovsky, author of the pseudoscientific and pseudohistoric New York Times bestseller Worlds in Collision (1950). Time magazine refers to Bauer's book as "the definitive treatise debunking Immanuel Velikovsky." Bauer's book on Velikovsky was reviewed in Science, Nature, ISIS, and Journal for the History of Astronomy.
Positions
Affirmative action and diversity programs
Bauer says he left the Dean's office at Virginia Tech "when political correctness arrived" in the 1980s. Bauer joined the National Association of Scholars, a politically conservative advocacy group opposing affirmative action, and started a newsletter for the group's Virginia branch. In "The Virginia Scholar," Bauer argues that the implementation of diversity programs led to a decline in academic standards. He characterizes such programs as promoting "feminoid sexists calling men sexist" and "racist black fanatics calling others racist."
Bauer opposed the formation of a police "Sensitive Crime Unit" meant to deal with sexual assault and hate crimes at Virginia Tech, suggesting that these issues were not a serious problem on campus and did not merit special attention. Bauer called the police unit a threat to free speech. He criticized Virginia Tech's creation of a new administrative position for multicultural affairs in response to racial incidents at the university in the mid-1990s as a wasteful allocation of resources. Bauer found fault with Virginia Tech's policy of excusing student absences for attending religious or ethnic observances. As black enrollment at Virginia Tech declined during the 1990s, Bauer stated that the university was already doing too much ("pulling out all the stops") to attract minority students, and should instead concentrate on raising academic standards.
Homosexuality
Bauer also drew criticism for his comments on homosexuality. In his pseudonymously written memoir To Rise Above Principle: The Memoirs of an Unreconstructed Dean, Bauer writes, "I regard homosexuality as an aberration or illness, not as an ‘equally valid life-style’ or whatever the current euphemism is." In his book, Bauer attributes the perceived problem of homosexuality to genetic, hereditary, and environmental factors, and suggests that the free speech and other civil rights of homosexuals should be withdrawn to prevent what Bauer views as the negative effects of homosexuality from spreading. Bauer has since stated he no longer holds this view, saying he had been "wrong" about the issue and had, in particular, mistakenly relied on the "naturalistic" fallacy that reduced culture and ethics to biology. AIDSTruth.org, an AIDS information resource, notes Bauer posted the statement one day after an account of his views appeared on their website.
AIDS
Several years after retiring from Virginia Tech, Bauer began to assert that there are "substantive grounds for doubting that HIV is the necessary and sufficient cause of AIDS and that antiretroviral treatment is unambiguously beneficial." In his 2007 book, The Origins, Persistence, and Failings of HIV/AIDS Theory, Bauer questions whether HIV exists, claiming that HIV tests are not accurate and that AIDS death statistics are exaggerated by mainstream media, scientists and pharmaceutical companies.
Bauer's beliefs on HIV/AIDS are rejected by the mainstream scientific community, based upon the substantial body of research confirming that HIV exists, is infectious, causes AIDS, and that HIV tests are accurate.
Publications
Books
(2017). Science Is Not What You Think: How It Has Changed, Why We Can't Trust It, How It Can Be Fixed. McFarland
(2012). Dogmatism in Science and Medicine: How Dominant Theories Monopolize Research and Stifle the Search for Truth. McFarland
(2007). The Origin, Persistence and Failings of HIV/AIDS Theory. McFarland
(2001). Science or Pseudoscience: Magnetic Healing, Psychic Phenomena, and Other Heterodoxies. University of Illinois Press
(2001). Fatal Attractions: The Troubles with Science. Paraview Press
(1992). Scientific Literacy and the Myth of the Scientific Method. University of Illinois Press
(1988). To Rise Above Principle: The Memoirs of an Unreconstructed Dean. University of Illinois Press (under nom-de-plume ‘Josef Martin’)
(1986). Enigma of Loch Ness: Making Sense of a Mystery. University of Illinois Press.
(1984). Beyond Velikovsky: The History of a Public Controversy, Univ. of Illinois Press.
Papers
References
External links
Henry H. Bauer website
The Bauer Collection, some of Bauer's papers, stored at the Digital Library and Archives, a department in the University Libraries at Virginia Tech.
HIV/AIDS denialists
University of Sydney alumni
Virginia Tech faculty
Academics of the University of Southampton
1931 births
Cryptozoologists
Living people
Academic journal editors
National Association of Scholars
American people of Austrian descent
University of Michigan fellows |
Herwig Maehler, FBA (29 April 1935 – 29 October 2021) was a German historian and papyrologist, who specialized in classics and ancient history.
Biography
He completed his PhD at the University of Hamburg in 1961. In 1975, he completed his Habilitation in classics from the Free University of Berlin.
He subsequently worked as a curator of Greek papyri at Egyptian Museum of Berlin. Afterwards he was Professor of Papyrology at University College London.
Awards
He was a fellow of the British Academy.
Bibliography
Some of his books are:
The Vienna Epigrams Papyrus
Pindari Carmina cvm Fragmentis: Pars II: Fragmenta. Indices
Die Lieder des Bakchylides
Schrift, Text Und Bild: Kleine Schriften Von Herwig Maehler
Urkunden Aus Hermupolis
Die Auffassung des Dichterberufs im fruhen Griechentum bis zur Zeit Pindars
Urkunden römischer Zeit
References
External links
http://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/Maehler_Herwig
http://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/Maehler_Herwig/CV
http://britac.ac.uk/user/1741
1935 births
2021 deaths
20th-century German historians
University of Hamburg alumni
German papyrologists
Writers from Berlin
Fellows of the British Academy
Free University of Berlin alumni
Alumni of University College London |
Amirabad (, also Romanized as Amīrābād) is a village in Solgi Rural District, Khezel District, Nahavand County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 164, in 35 families.
References
Populated places in Nahavand County |
Turbinicarpus viereckii is a species of plant in the family Cactaceae.
It is endemic to Tamaulipas, Nuevo León and San Luis Potosí states in northeastern Mexico.
Its natural habitat is hot deserts.
References
Sources
External links
viereckii
Cacti of Mexico
Endemic flora of Mexico
Flora of Nuevo León
Flora of San Luis Potosí
Flora of Tamaulipas
Least concern plants
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Allan Duncan Fraser (18 September 1902 – 12 December 1977) was an Australian politician and journalist. He served as a member of the House of Representatives from 1943 to 1966 and from 1969 to 1972, representing the Division of Eden-Monaro for the Labor Party.
Early life
Fraser was born in the Melbourne suburb of Carlton and brought up in Tasmania. He left State High School, Hobart at 17 to become a journalist on the Hobart Mercury. He worked for the Argus in Melbourne from 1922 to 1929 when he moved to Canberra to work for The Sun. He married Eda Kathleen Bourke in 1931. In 1933, he worked for The Times in London, before returning to Australia to work for the Sun and the Sydney Daily Telegraph, but was sacked in 1938. Bob Heffron, the leader of the Industrial Labor Party, which had broken from the New South Wales branch of the Australian Labor Party led by Jack Lang, appointed him as his secretary. He acted as Heffron's media officer and helped formulate the strategy that overcame Lang's control of the branch. He subsequently worked as news editor on the Daily News and then returned to the Canberra parliamentary press gallery in 1940 as political correspondent for Ezra Norton's Truth and from 1941 Norton's new Daily Mirror.
Fraser was active in the Australian Journalists Association and had been secretary, treasurer and president of its Victorian district between 1926 and 1929 and treasurer of the New South Wales district from 1937 to 1938. Between 1941 and 1944 he was president of the Canberra sub-district of the AJA.
Political career
In 1943, Fraser beat Jessie Street for Labor preselection for Eden-Monaro. He entered federal parliament at the 1943 election, which gave John Curtin's ALP government a large majority. A split in the conservative vote knocked United Australia Party incumbent John Perkins into third place, allowing Fraser to become only the second Labor member ever to win the seat. He was one of four candidates for the party's deputy leadership in 1951, but was eliminated on the first ballot after polling only nine votes out of 81.
Fraser tended to be independent and at times critical of his party. In particular, he condemned H. V. Evatt in relation to his handling of the Industrial Groups and the 1954 Labor Party split (although he himself was no Grouper). After Labor's defeat in 1955 Fraser stood against Evatt for the leadership, but lost 58 to 20 and lost his high ranking in caucus' executive. He later became increasingly interested in foreign affairs and was particularly critical of Australia's involvement in the Vietnam War. In the 1966 election Labor's opposition to the war led to its being vanquished in a landslide, and Fraser lost his seat to Liberal challenger Dugald Munro. He regained it in 1969, when the war had become less popular and a strong swing to Labor nearly allowed it to win government. He retired at the 1972 election, when the Whitlam government came to power.
In 1974, Fraser won a seat in Fraser (named after his brother Jim) as an independent in the original Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly and was, in consequence, expelled from the Labor Party. He died at Royal Canberra Hospital on 12 December 1977, two days after the 1977 federal election, following several years of heart trouble. He was survived by his wife and son. His brother, Jim Fraser, was MP for the adjoining seat of Australian Capital Territory from 1951 to 1970.
Honours
He was a made a Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1977.
Notes
Further reading
1902 births
1977 deaths
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Eden-Monaro
Journalists from Melbourne
Australian Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Members of the Australian Capital Territory House of Assembly
Articles containing video clips
20th-century Australian politicians
The Mercury (Hobart) people
Politicians from Hobart |
José 'Pepe' Murcia González (born 3 December 1964) is a Spanish football manager who manages Qatari Second Division side Muaither SC.
Career
Born in Córdoba, Andalusia, Murcia never played in higher than Segunda División B, and retired in 1992 at the age of only 27 due to injury. He coached several local youth teams in his early years, including Córdoba CF. After a successful spell with the reserves (two consecutive promotions all the way to Tercera División), he was one of four managers for the main squad in the 2001–02 season, achieving four wins, two draws and two losses during his eight games in charge as they eventually retained their Segunda División status.
Murcia then plied his trade in the third division, leading Atlético Madrid's B team to the league championship in his first year, albeit with no playoff promotion. On 9 January 2006, following a 0–0 La Liga home draw against Valencia CF, he was appointed the Colchoneros first team's manager, replacing the dismissed Carlos Bianchi; they ranked 12th at that time, going on to finish the campaign in tenth position.
Murcia spent the following four years in the second tier with as many clubs, not managing to finish one single season but with none of the teams eventually losing their league status. On 30 November 2009, after a 2–3 home defeat to CD Numancia, he was fired at Albacete Balompié due to negative results, with the Castile-La Mancha side in 16th position at that time– eventually ending 15th.
On 9 August 2011, Murcia signed a two-year contract with Romania's FC Brașov, but resigned at the Liga I club after three matches due to family reasons. In June 2014, after nearly three years out of football, he was appointed at PFC Levski Sofia in Bulgaria.
Murcia was sacked on 4 August 2014, due to poor results. In November 2016, whilst working out on his own, the FC Legirus Inter manager suffered a heart attack, slipping into a coma but eventually recovering.
In June 2017, Murcia was hired by Al-Shahania SC, newly relegated to the Qatari Second Division. He won promotion to the Qatar Stars League with an unbeaten first season, and then came seventh in his second, earning him a nomination for Manager of the Year alongside Jesualdo Ferreira of champions Al Sadd SC.
Managerial statistics
Honours
ManagerAtlético Madrid BSegunda División B: 2003–04Al-Shahania'
Qatari Second Division: 2017–18
References
External links
Levski official profile
1964 births
Living people
Footballers from Córdoba, Spain
Spanish men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
Real Jaén footballers
Córdoba CF players
Spanish football managers
La Liga managers
Segunda División managers
Segunda División B managers
Tercera División managers
Córdoba CF managers
FC Cartagena managers
Atlético Madrid B managers
Atlético Madrid managers
Xerez CD managers
CD Castellón managers
RC Celta de Vigo managers
Albacete Balompié managers
UD Salamanca managers
Liga I managers
FC Brașov (1936) managers
PFC Levski Sofia managers
Qatar Stars League managers
Al-Shahania Sports Club managers
Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1 managers
CS Sfaxien managers
Spanish expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers in Romania
Expatriate football managers in Bulgaria
Expatriate football managers in Finland
Expatriate football managers in Qatar
Expatriate football managers in Tunisia
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Romania
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Finland
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Qatar
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Tunisia
Córdoba CF B managers |
Ambilocal residence (or ambilocality), also called bilocal residence (bilocality) is the societal postmarital residence in which couples, upon marriage, choose to live with or near either spouse's parents. This is contrasted with matrilocality and patrilocality, where the newlyweds are expected to live with either the wife's parents or the husband's parents respectively.
References
Bibliography
Korotayev, Andrey. 2001. An Apologia of George Peter Murdock. Division of Labor by Gender and Postmarital Residence in Cross-Cultural Perspective: A Reconsideration. World Cultures 12(2): 179-203.
Marriage
Sociobiology
Cultural anthropology |
Shamsul Anwarul Huq (born 1944), also known as Kyaw Min, is a Rohingya academic, pro-democracy activist and former politician in Myanmar. He has also been a political prisoner. Huq was a CEC member of the National Democratic Party for Human Rights. Huq was elected to the Parliament of Myanmar in 1990.
Early life and profession
Huq was born in 1944 in the village of Mikyanzay (Minggisi) in Buthidaung of Arakan Division, British Burma. His father was Fazar Rahman. He graduated from the Rangoon Institute of Economics with a bachelor's degree in economics. He also obtained a diploma in educational practice from the Institute of Education in Rangoon. He joined the Education Department of Burma in 1969. He taught in various state-owned primary schools in Arakan until 1985. He became a primary school headmaster. In 1988, he was dismissed from his job due to his involvement in the 8888 uprising.
Political career
Huq was a member of the Central Executive Committee of the National Democratic Party for Human Rights. He was elected from Buthidaung-1 constituency during the 1990 Burmese general election, after receiving 30,990 out of 41,668 votes. His party won a total of four seats. The Burmese military junta banned his party in 1992. At the invitation of Aung San Suu Kyi, Huq joined the Committee Representing the People's Parliament in 1998.
Detentions
In 1992, Huq was detained by Burmese military intelligence for three months during operations against the Rohingya population. In 1994, military intelligence detained him for 45 days. In March 2005, he was arrested from his home in Rangoon, and was charged under Section 18 of the 1982 Burmese nationality law and Section 5 of the Anti-State Emergency Law. He was sentenced to 47 years in imprisonment. His wife, two daughters and one son were also arrested under the 1982 Burmese nationality law, and sentenced to 17 years in prison. The convictions barred the family from contesting elections.
See also
Rohingya people
References
Rohingya politicians
Burmese Muslims
1944 births
Living people
People from Rakhine State |
Zephyr/Dillon Field Aerodrome is located west of Zephyr, Ontario, Canada.
References
Registered aerodromes in Ontario
Airports in the Regional Municipality of Durham |
```ruby
require_relative "empty_directory"
class Bundler::Thor
module Actions
# Copies recursively the files from source directory to root directory.
# If any of the files finishes with .tt, it's considered to be a template
# and is placed in the destination without the extension .tt. If any
# empty directory is found, it's copied and all .empty_directory files are
# ignored. If any file name is wrapped within % signs, the text within
# the % signs will be executed as a method and replaced with the returned
# value. Let's suppose a doc directory with the following files:
#
# doc/
# components/.empty_directory
# README
# rdoc.rb.tt
# %app_name%.rb
#
# When invoked as:
#
# directory "doc"
#
# It will create a doc directory in the destination with the following
# files (assuming that the `app_name` method returns the value "blog"):
#
# doc/
# components/
# README
# rdoc.rb
# blog.rb
#
# <b>Encoded path note:</b> Since Bundler::Thor internals use Object#respond_to? to check if it can
# expand %something%, this `something` should be a public method in the class calling
# #directory. If a method is private, Bundler::Thor stack raises PrivateMethodEncodedError.
#
# ==== Parameters
# source<String>:: the relative path to the source root.
# destination<String>:: the relative path to the destination root.
# config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
# If :recursive => false, does not look for paths recursively.
# If :mode => :preserve, preserve the file mode from the source.
# If :exclude_pattern => /regexp/, prevents copying files that match that regexp.
#
# ==== Examples
#
# directory "doc"
# directory "doc", "docs", :recursive => false
#
def directory(source, *args, &block)
config = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}
destination = args.first || source
action Directory.new(self, source, destination || source, config, &block)
end
class Directory < EmptyDirectory #:nodoc:
attr_reader :source
def initialize(base, source, destination = nil, config = {}, &block)
@source = File.expand_path(Dir[Util.escape_globs(base.find_in_source_paths(source.to_s))].first)
@block = block
super(base, destination, {:recursive => true}.merge(config))
end
def invoke!
base.empty_directory given_destination, config
execute!
end
def revoke!
execute!
end
protected
def execute!
lookup = Util.escape_globs(source)
lookup = config[:recursive] ? File.join(lookup, "**") : lookup
lookup = file_level_lookup(lookup)
files(lookup).sort.each do |file_source|
next if File.directory?(file_source)
next if config[:exclude_pattern] && file_source.match(config[:exclude_pattern])
file_destination = File.join(given_destination, file_source.gsub(source, "."))
file_destination.gsub!("/./", "/")
case file_source
when /\.empty_directory$/
dirname = File.dirname(file_destination).gsub(%r{/\.$}, "")
next if dirname == given_destination
base.empty_directory(dirname, config)
when /#{TEMPLATE_EXTNAME}$/
base.template(file_source, file_destination[0..-4], config, &@block)
else
base.copy_file(file_source, file_destination, config, &@block)
end
end
end
def file_level_lookup(previous_lookup)
File.join(previous_lookup, "*")
end
def files(lookup)
Dir.glob(lookup, File::FNM_DOTMATCH)
end
end
end
end
``` |
T-0156 is a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor.
References
Naphthyridines
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
Lactams
Pyridines
Pyrimidines
Methyl esters
Phenol ethers
Methoxy compounds |
Farébersviller (; Lorraine Franconian: Fareewerschwiller/Ewerschwiller; ) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
It is located only 3 km from the German border.
Location
Farébersviller lies at the heart of the coalfield between 3 major cities that are Forbach, Sarreguemines and Saint-Avold.
The municipality consists of 2 very different entities that are the village, the original place to the south and the city, created from 1954 by the Houillères du Bassin de Lorraine (HBL) to accommodate a large number of miners working in the Valley the Rosselle nearby.
Administration
Since 1989 the mayor of the municipality is Laurent Kleinhentz.
Demography
Sites and monuments
Religious Buildings
The church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste
The church of Sainte-Thérèse
The chapel of Saint-Antoine
El-Hijra Mosque with minaret
Cultural structures
Good Fountain Square and the local art house in the village
Social Center St-Exupery
Center François Rabelais
Sports equipment
Complex Marcel Cerdan
COSEC
Small Gym
Tennis Stadium
Soccer Stadium
Archery
Personalities associated with the municipality
Gennaro Bracigliano (1980- ), Goalkeeper at l'ASNL
Twinnings
Mercato San Severino - Italy
See also
Communes of the Moselle department
Notes and references
External links
Site de la mairie
Communes of Moselle (department) |
Gert-Jan Theunisse (born 14 January 1963) is a Dutch former road bicycle racer. He won the 1988 edition of the Clásica San Sebastián one-day race. In the 1989 Tour de France, he won the King of the Mountains competition.
Biography
Theunisse turned professional in 1984 with the Panasonic cycling team. That year he finished third in the Ronde van Nederland and had places of honour in races such as the Grand Prix de Fourmies and the Grand Prix d'Isbergues in 1986. However it was not until 1988 that he achieved great success. In the 1988 Tour de France he challenged his former teammate, Pedro Delgado. However he tested positive for testosterone and received a 10-minute penalty which moved him from fourth to 11th overall. Theunisse returned the following year and won the mountains classification and the stage up Alpe d'Huez in the 1989 Tour de France .
In 1990 he also tested positive in the Flèche Wallonne and Bicicleta Vasca. He abandoned the second stage of the 1995 Tirreno–Adriatico and stopped his career after receiving medical advice for heart trouble. He began advising Mario Gutte and then mountain biker Bart Brentjens from late 1995. The following year he drew up a training scheme for Brentjens for the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games. Brentjens won the Dutch national championship, the world championship, the World Cup, the Tour de France VTT and then gold at the Olympic Games. Brentjens signed with the Specialized Mountain Bike team at the end of 1996 and stipulated in the contract that Theunisse would be team manager.
During this time, Theunisse rode occasional regional mountain bike races. On 8 September 1997 he was hit by a car while training with the team. He was diagnosed as having a paraplegia, the result of a spinal cord injury when the car hit him. Theunisse was unable to walk but recovered over the six months and returned to coaching the Specialized team. In January 1999, he won a mountain bike race in the United Kingdom but could not walk for three days afterwards. In June 1999 he had a heart attack. In 2000 he admitted using illegal substances but denied taking testosterone.
Theunisse continued working with Specialized until the sponsor left the sport at the end of 2001. Theunisse then moved to Majorca, where he began riding his mountain bike 150 km a day. He won the European over-30 championship in 2002. He competed from 2003 to 2005 despite consistent pain due to spinal damage, difficulty walking straight as well as involuntary muscle or spastic attacks. Theunisse had twelve wins as an active Mountain bike cyclist. Theunisse was sponsored by PowerPlate-Giant and concentrated on the mountain bike marathons of the World and European championships.
Theunisse rode his final mountain bike race in October 2005 at a race at Scheveningen, Netherlands and discussed plans to build a sports centre for disabled competitors. Theunisse is said to be 13 per cent handicapped and aims to compete in the Paralympics.
Major results
1984
3rd Overall Ronde van Nederland
1st Stage 7 (TTT)
6th Züri-Metzgete
8th Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne
10th Overall Étoile de Bessèges
1986
2nd Grand Prix de Fourmies
3rd Grand Prix d'Isbergues
5th Overall Ronde van Nederland
6th Brabantse Pijl
1987
4th Road race, National Road Championships
7th Overall Ronde van Nederland
1988
1st Clásica de San Sebastián
9th Tour of Flanders
1989
1st Overall Vuelta a Asturias
1st Stage 6
4th Overall Tour de France
1st Mountains classification
1st Stage 17
4th Overall Tour de Trump
1st Stage 4
6th Baden-Baden (with Steven Rooks)
7th Clásica de San Sebastián
1990
3rd La Flèche Wallonne
4th Overall Settimana Internazionale di Coppi e Bartali
8th Liège–Bastogne–Liège
1991
1st Overall Tour de Luxembourg
1st Stage 1
1st Overall Vuelta a los Valles Mineros
2nd Road race, National Road Championships
1992
1st Stage 3a Tour de Luxembourg
2nd Overall Critérium International
7th Liège–Bastogne–Liège
10th Amstel Gold Race
1993
6th Wincanton Classic
8th Amstel Gold Race
8th La Flèche Wallonne
8th Veenendaal–Veenendaal
9th Overall Four Days of Dunkirk
1994
2nd Road race, National Road Championships
1999
1st Egmond-pier-Egmond
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
See also
List of doping cases in cycling
Notes
References
External links
Official website
Palmarès by museociclismo.it
1963 births
Living people
Dutch male cyclists
Dutch Tour de France stage winners
Dutch sportspeople in doping cases
Doping cases in cycling
Sportspeople from Oss
Cyclists from North Brabant
20th-century Dutch people
Vuelta a Asturias winners |
Venerable Zachariah the Recluse of Egypt was an Egyptian Christian monk who lived during the 4th century in Scetis, Lower Egypt. He is the patron saint of society's outcasts. He served the homeless and poor, and is remembered as a monastic father.
His father, Carion the Egyptian, left his wife and two children to become a monk in Scetis. Zacharias was later sent to Scetis to become a monk with his father during a famine.
Venerable Zachariah the Recluse is commemorated 24 March in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
See also
Hermit
Poustinia
Desert Fathers
Coptic Orthodox Church
References
Orthodox Church in America
Ascetics
4th-century births
Egyptian Christian monks
Eastern Orthodox monks
Eastern Catholic monks
Coptic Christians from Egypt
Desert Fathers |
Kněžice is a municipality and village in Nymburk District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
Villages of Dubečno and Osek are administrative parts of Kněžice.
Geography
Kněžice is located about east of Nymburk and east of Prague. It lies mostly in the Central Elbe Table. The eastern part of the municipal territory lies in the East Elbe Table and includes the highest point of Kněžice, the Na Pískách hill at above sea level. The Záhornický Stream originates here and flows across the municipality.
History
The first written mention of Kněžice is from 1295.
Sights
The most important monument is the Church of Saints Peter and Paul. It was built in the Baroque style in the 1780s.
Gallery
References
External links
Villages in Nymburk District |
Jorge Sánchez may refer to:
Jorge Noceda Sánchez (1925-1987), Dominican painter and diplomat
Jorge Sánchez García (born 1943), Mexican politician
Jorge Luis Sánchez (born 1960), Cuban film director
Jorge Sánchez (basketball) (born 1991), American wheelchair basketball player
Jorge Sánchez (swimmer) (born 1977), Spanish swimmer
Jorge Sánchez (footballer, born 1979), Salvadoran footballer
Jorge Sánchez Salgado (born 1985), Cuban volleyball player
Jorge Sánchez (footballer, born 1993), Mexican footballer
Canillas (footballer) (Jorge Peláez Sánchez, born 1996), Spanish footballer
Jorge Sánchez (footballer, born 1997), Mexican footballer |
The V8 Supercars China Round (formally known as the Buick V8 Supercars China Round) was a motor racing event for V8 Supercars that took place at the Shanghai International Circuit in Shanghai, China in 2005.
History
The China Round was announced, initially for a 2004 date, by series chairman Tony Cochrane in early 2003, signalling the first time that V8 Supercars would race outside Australia and New Zealand. The event was eventually confirmed for June 2005, with several teams updating their liveries for the weekend, including the HSV Dealer Team entry of Rick Kelly rebranding as Team Buick for the weekend.
The race weekend itself was dominated by the Holden Racing Team, with Todd Kelly winning two of the three races, and the round, and team-mate Mark Skaife winning the other race. It was also a record fiftieth round victory for the team. In the opening race of the weekend, Mark Winterbottom hit a loose drain cover which ripped the bottom out of the chassis and ruled him out for the final two races. It was an incident which was later repeated at the 2005 Chinese Grand Prix.
While the event initially appeared on the 2006 calendar, the proposed dates were rejected by Chinese officials and the event was replaced by a round at Winton Motor Raceway. The 2006 calendar also featured another the series' second venture outside Australasia with the introduction of the Desert 400 in Bahrain.
Winners
Event sponsors
2005: Buick
See also
List of Australian Touring Car Championship races
References
V8 Supercars
China
V8 Supercars |
OmniTRAX, Inc. is a transportation and transportation infrastructure holding company based in Denver, Colorado, in the United States. It primarily owns or operates railroads, with a network of 25 regional and shortline railroads in 12 U.S. states and three Canadian provinces. It is one of the largest privately owned railroad companies in the United States. The firm also invests in, develops, and operates ports, multimodal transportation terminals, and industrial parks.
History of the company
OmniTRAX was incorporated in 1986 as a subsidiary of The Broe Group, a privately held energy development and real estate company founded by Denver businessman Pat Broe in 1972. OmniTRAX purchased the Great Western Railway of Colorado that year in order to augment the value of Broe's industrial real estate developments in northeastern Colorado.
Initial expansion
OmniTRAX leased the Kansas Southwestern Railway from the Union Pacific Railroad in April 1991.
In June 1992, OmniTRAX purchased all the outstanding stock of the Chicago West Pullman Transportation Co., which owned the Manufacturers' Junction Railway at Cicero, Illinois; the Newburgh and South Shore Railroad at Cleveland, Ohio; the Chicago Rail Link at Chicago, Illinois; the Chicago, West Pullman and Southern Railroad in Chicago; the Georgia Woodlands Railroad in Warren and Wilkes counties, Georgia; and the Wisconsin and Calumet Railroad in southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois. The Wisconsin & Calumet was sold less than a month later to the Wisconsin and Southern Railroad. OmniTRAX purchased the abandoned Western Electric Hawthorne Works in Cicero, which was adjacent to the Manufacturers' Junction Railway, and began developing it as a multimodal transfer center.
In October 1992, OmniTRAX purchased of track in Kansas and Oklahoma from the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway. The main lines of track stretched from Salina, Kansas, to Osborne, Kansas, and from Marion, Kansas, to Scott City, Kansas. OmniTRAX formed the Central Kansas Railway to run on the lines. The Kansas Southwestern Railway merged into the Central Kansas Railway in May 2000, and then OmniTRAX sold the Central Kansas Railway to Watco in April 2001.
OmniTRAX purchased of track between Borger and Panhandle, Texas, from the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe in November 1993. It formed the Panhandle Northern Railroad to operate on this track. Eighteen months later, in May 1995, OmniTRAX leased the Northern Ohio & Western Railway from the Sandusky County/Seneca County/Tiffin Port Authority.
Move into Canada
OmniTRAX moved into Canada in November 1996 with its purchase of the Hudson Bay Railway, which ran from The Pas, Manitoba, to the Port of Churchill in Churchill, Manitoba. OmniTRAX then purchased the port itself for C$1 in November 1997. As part of the deal, the Canadian government agreed to put C$34 million worth of upgrades, dredging, and repairs into the port, while OmniTRAX pledged to add C$45 million in upgrading the port facilities and Hudson Bay Railway. Three months later, OmniTRAX purchased the Carlton Trail Railway track bought from the Canadian National Railway. The ran from Warman, Saskatchewan, to White Star, Saskatchewan, and from Speers Junction (near White Star) to end of the line at Meadow Lake, Saskatchewan.
Post-2000 expansion
OmniTRAX expanded its presence in the American Southeast in 2004 by purchasing the Georgia and Florida Railnet (renamed the Georgia and Florida Railway) from North American RailNet. It also leased the terminal switching Fulton County Railway (based in Atlanta), and the Alabama and Tennessee River Railway in Alabama. It purchased both lines outright in 2018.
OmniTRAX made its first venture into Washington state when it purchased a BNSF Railway route in January 2005. This route, shaped like an inverted capital "U", ran from Kettle Falls, Washington, north to the U.S.-Canadian border at Laurier, Washington, crossed the border to reach Cascade City, British Columbia, traveled west to Almond Gardens, then south to cross the border to follow Washington State Route 21 to Republic, Washington. Another of line (from Kettle Falls southeast to Chewelah, Washington, and from Kettle Falls northwest to Columbia Gardens, British Columbia) was leased from BNSF. The Kettle Falls International Railway was created to run on these lines.
OmniTRAX completed its purchase of all of North American Railnet's assets in April 2005 when it purchased the Nebraska Kansas Colorado Railway and the Illinois Railway.
2010s to today
OmniTRAX moved into California for the first time in 2011 when it purchased the Stockton Terminal & Eastern Railroad, a short line linking several industrial customers to the Port of Stockton, the Union Pacific, and the BNSF.
The company expanded its operations in Oklahoma in June 2014 when it purchased the Sand Springs Railway between Tulsa, Oklahoma and Sand Springs, Oklahoma. In September 2016, it acquired the former Gerdau steel mill site in Sand Springs. The company said it would work with other Broe Co. subsidiaries to build residential, retail, industrial, logistics, and transportation buildings and facilities there.
June 2014 also saw OmniTRAX purchase the Brownsville and Rio Grande International Railroad in Texas, bringing its number of rail subsidiaries to 19. This made OmniTRAX the third-largest shortline railroad company in the United States, behind Genesee & Wyoming and Watco. As part of the Brownsville & Rio Grande purchase, OmniTRAX also received a 30-year lease on within the Brownsville Navigation District (the governmental entity which runs the Port of Brownsville and other transportation and shipping infrastructure in the Brownsville, Texas, area). Under the terms of the deal, the company agreed to invest at least $8.5 million in rail and port upgrades, and help market of undeveloped port land. OmniTRAX said it would build an industrial park on the land. By the end of 2014, the firm also controlled the Peru Industrial Railroad, a switching railroad in Peru, Illinois.
By March 2016, OmniTRAX owned 20 shortline railroads operating in 12 U.S. states and three Canadian provinces. In the early months of the year, it spent $14 million restoring of track between Greeley and Windsor, Colorado. This halved the rail traffic passing through the town of Fort Collins by providing a shorter route for traffic intended for routing along the Union Pacific. In July of that year, the company partnered with the Topflight Grain Cooperative to operate the new Decatur Central Railroad. OmniTRAX purchased of Decatur Junction Railway track that connected Topflight's facility at the Midwest Inland Port near Cisco, Illinois, with a variety of grain and cereal processing plants in and around Macon County, Illinois. The top companies shared the costs of equipment and operations of the railroad.
OmniTRAX proposed buying Iowa Pacific Holdings' Sanford Lake Branch track (also known as the Saratoga-North Creek Railway), which ran from North Creek, New York, to Tahawus, New York, in August 2019. The firm also proposed buying track owned by Warren County which ran from North Creek to Corinth, New York. This would allow OmniTRAX to make additional connections with Class I railroads. Local residents, concerned that OmniTRAX would permit its track to be used for the storage of oil tank cars, opposed the sale. Warren County officials did not want to sell their track for fear of losing control over the uses to which it could be put. After a year of public debate, OmniTRAX declined to pursue both deals.
In July 2019, OmniTRAX purchased the Winchester & Western Railroad's Virginia Division from Covia Holdings for $105 million. The division included of track in western Virginia and of track in New Jersey. The purchase was subject to review and approval by the Surface Transportation Board, a federal agency. It was completed in September 2019.
OmniTRAX picked up its 25th rail operation in August 2022, when it was selected to run the Port of Catoosa Industrial Railroad (PCIR) by Tulsa Ports.
Churchill controversy
In 1997 the Canadian National Railway sold the Port of Churchill and accompanying rail line to OmniTRAX as part of the privatization of CN. OmniTRAX operated the railway for the ensuing two decades, shipping mostly wheat to the Port of Churchill on behalf of the Canadian Wheat Board.
In June 2017, OmniTRAX suspended service on the Churchill rail line after severe flooding washed out the line in multiple locations.
OmniTRAX refused to repair the railway, claiming it was not economically feasible. The company claimed that due to the closure of the Canadian Wheat Board in 2008, it was no longer economical to operate the line or the Port of Churchill. As part of a 2008 contract between the Federal Government and OmniTRAX, the Government of Canada had given OmniTRAX C$20 million for upgrades to both the Railway and Port with the agreement that the company would match the funds. However, the contract stipulated that OmniTRAX could not reduce or abandon service on the line, or the funding would be required to be returned.
On October 13, 2017, Minister of Natural Resources Jim Carr issued a notice of default to OmniTRAX, advising the company that they had 30 days to make repairs to the rail line or face default on the agreement. On November 14, the Federal Government issued a notice of default against OmniTRAX claiming C$18 million, plus interest. In response, the company filed a complaint through NAFTA Chapter 11 claiming the Canadian Federal Government had sabotaged efforts to repair and transfer ownership of the railway.
In June 2018 OmnitTRAX was ordered by federal regulators to repair the tracks. On August 31, 2018 the port and rail line were sold to Arctic Gateway Group, a consortium of investors including First Nations, local governments, financial holding companies, and grain producers.
BC Rail controversy
In 2003, OmniTRAX was one of three companies bidding for BC Rail, a province-owned railroad in British Columbia then being privatized by the government. OmniTRAX officials began communicating with provincial officials in 2001, urging the privatization of the railroad. Although the British Columbia Liberal Party had pledged during 2001 elections not to sell the road, OmniTRAX officials continued to urge them to do so in 2002.
BC Rail officials recommended the privatization of the line in the fall of 2002. OmniTRAX partnered with BNSF to bid on the line.
OmniTRAX hired Pilothouse Communications, a Victoria-based lobbyist firm, to represent its interests. Pilothouse lobbyist Erik Bornmann bribed two ministerial aides from 2001 to 2003 with cash and gifts in exchange for confidential government documents that were then passed to OmniTRAX. Brian Kieran, Pilothouse's owner, claimed he advised OmniTRAX against offering one a gift (a trip to Denver to see a football game), but OmniTRAX officials disregarded his advice. Law enforcement officials never charged OmniTRAX with any wrongdoing in regards to the bribery effort or the receipt of stolen documents.
OmniTRAX ultimately bid C$710 million for BC Rail, a C$4 million increase over its initial second-round bid. Although Crown prosecutors believed the improved OmniTRAX bid was related to its receipt of leaked documents, court testimony indicated that the government's bid evaluation team thought the improved offer was merely an attempt to win the auction. OmniTRAX dropped out of the auction (police later alleged, based on wiretap information) after its officials came to believe that the provincial government had predetermined Canadian National Railway to be the successful bidder. David Basi, an aide to BC Finance Minister Gary Collins, then advised Collins to arrange an unnamed "consolation prize" for OmniTRAX.
In December 2003, Pat Broe and Dwight Johnson (a vice president of The Broe Group) had dinner at an exclusive Vancouver restaurant with Collins. Their conversation allegedly regarded the sale of a BC Rail spur line to OmniTRAX. The sale of the spur was cancelled after law enforcement officials revealed to Collins that the sale had been compromised due to the disclosure of confidential government information. Law enforcement officials investigated the dinner meeting, but never charged Broe, Johnson, or Collins with wrongdoing. OmniTRAX strongly asserted it had committed no ethical or legal infractions regarding the meeting.
About the company
OmniTRAX is subsidiary of The Broe Group, a company with an array of financial interests in energy development, healthcare technology, real estate, transportation, and other industries. As of August 2019, OmniTRAX operated 21 rail lines, making it one of the largest privately-owned rail transportation companies in the United States.
OmniTRAX's corporate strategy is to identify companies or groups of companies transporting cargo but not using railroads to do so. It then looks for unused or under-used rail opportunities nearby to serve these customers. Commodities which the company transports include aggregate, chemicals, clay, grain, and stone. OmniTRAX railroads often connect to Class I railroads.
OmniTRAX also operates ports, terminals, and multimodal transhipment facilities. It sometimes engages (alone or in concert with other Broe Group companies) in industrial development.
Subsidiaries
OmniTRAX owned and managed railroads include:
Alabama & Tennessee River Railway
Brownsville and Rio Grande International Railroad
Carlton Trail Railway
Central Texas and Colorado River Railway
Chicago Rail Link
Decatur Central Railroad
Fulton County Railway
Georgia & Florida Railway
Georgia Woodlands Railroad
Great Western Railway of Colorado
Illinois Railway
Kettle Falls International Railway
Manufacturers' Junction Railway
Nebraska Kansas Colorado Railway
Newburgh & South Shore Railroad
Northern Ohio & Western Railway
Panhandle Northern Railroad
Peru Industrial Railroad
Sand Springs Railway
Stockton Terminal and Eastern Railroad
Winchester and Western Railroad
TransCANADA Switching Services (TSS) was formed by OmniTRAX in 1996. In 1997, TSS won a contract to provide switching services at the newly-opened Deltaport, the Port of Vancouver's new container shipping facility. OmniTRAX ceased to provide services at Deltaport in July 2008.
OmniTRAX Logistics Services (OLS) is a subsidiary of OmniTRAX that provides materials handling. In 2016, OLS purchased the assets of Terracor Group, a firm that provided ultra-fine-grain sand for hydraulic fracturing purposes. These included three "frac sand" facilities (in Montana and Texas) and the mineral rights to a frac sand mine in Wisconsin. OmniTRAX intended to supply frac sand to Broe Group energy development companies as well as to other customers in Bakken Formation of Manitoba, Montana, North Dakota,
and Saskatchewan; the Eagle Ford Shale of Texas; and the Permian Basin of New Mexico and Texas. OmniTRAX's attempt to open the Wisconsin mine led to a lawsuit in February 2017 by local residents who feared the noise, light, and traffic associated with the mine. Although OmniTRAX won a state permit to fill in of wetland as part of a proposed railroad associated with the mine, a state court permitted the lawsuit to proceed. In May 2019, OmniTRAX said it had abandoned the mine project.
OmniTRAX Sand Holdings is a subsidiary of OmniTRAX which provides transportation options for frac sand and ceramics. It is a joint venture of OmniTRAX and Arrows Up, a bulk materials storage and transportation company. The joint venture is marketing the Arrows Up Jumbo Bin, a container which can be used by rail or trucks that is capable of holding up to of frac sand or ceramic material. The bin can be used for transportation or storage, and contains its own dust suppression features.
References
Notes
Citations
Bibliography
Companies based in Denver
United States railroad holding companies
Canadian railroad holding companies
British Columbia political scandals |
Digunai (24 February 1122 – 15 December 1161), also known by his sinicised name Wanyan Liang and his formal title Prince of Hailing (海陵王, Hǎilíng Wáng), was the fourth emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty of China. He was the second son of Wanyan Zonggan, the eldest son of the dynastic founder Wanyan Aguda (Emperor Taizu). He came to power in 1150 after overthrowing and murdering his predecessor, Emperor Xizong, in a coup d'état. During his reign, he moved the Jin capital from Shangjing (present-day Acheng District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province) to Yanjing (present-day Beijing), and introduced a policy of sinicisation. In 1161, after the Jin dynasty lost the Battle of Caishi against the Southern Song dynasty, Digunai's subordinates rebelled against him and assassinated him. After his death, even though he ruled as an emperor during his lifetime, he was posthumously demoted to the status of a prince – "Prince Yang of Hailing" (海陵煬王) – in 1162 by his successor, Emperor Shizong. However, in 1181, Emperor Shizong further posthumously demoted him to the status of a commoner, hence he is also known as the "Commoner of Hailing" (海陵庶人).
Background
Digunai was the second son of Woben (斡本; also known as Wanyan Zonggan 完顏宗幹), a son of Aguda (Emperor Taizu), the founder of the Jin dynasty. His mother was, Lady Da, came from an elite family of Balhae descent. Emperor Taizu's brother and successor, Emperor Taizong, started a series of wars between the Jin and Song dynasties. During the reign of Emperor Xizong, who succeeded Emperor Taizong, Wanyan Zonggan was described as the most influential man in the Jin imperial court.
Digunai, who was an army marshal under Emperor Xizong, overthrew the emperor in a coup d'état in 1150 and replaced him. Having seized the throne through illegitimate means, Digunai was suspicious of other members of the Jurchen aristocracy, and, immediately upon taking the throne, started eliminating potential rivals. He ordered the massacre of the descendants of Emperor Taizong, so as to secure the position of the lineage of Emperor Taizu, to which he belonged.
Reign
Digunai capitalised on the Jin dynasty's "superior status" vis-à-vis the Song dynasty after its victory over the latter in 1141, and sought to make the Jin dynasty the sole Chinese empire. To legitimise himself as a sinicised ruler, in 1150 he lifted Emperor Taizong's prohibition of wearing Han Chinese dress, and adopted an array of Han Chinese practices and institutions, such as holding of sacrificial ceremonies in the northern and southern suburbs of his capital in 1149 (cf. ceremonies conducted at the Temple of Earth and Temple of Heaven in Beijing during the Ming and Qing dynasties), the use of the imperial carriage in 1151, a system of feudal rights in 1156, and the Song dynasty's shan-hu (山呼) style of court ceremonies in 1157. Digunai also introduced the imperial examination system in 1150 and set up the Imperial Academy in the following year. In his pursuit for greater sinicisation and the desire to acquire the Mandate of Heaven, Digunai moved his imperial court from Shangjing (present-day Acheng District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province to Yanjing (present-day Beijing) in 1153. In 1157, he ordered the destruction of the imperial palaces in Shangjing.
In contrast to the traditions of the Tang and Song dynasties, which rarely imposed corporal punishment on the members of the society's educated elites, Digunai continued the Khitan and Jurchen tradition of floggings with gusto, sometimes enjoying personally watching his subjects – including chancellors, censors, and a princess – beaten with poles or whips.
Assassination
Digunai's attempts to conquer the Southern Song dynasty and unify China under the Jin dynasty's rule ended in failure when his fleet was defeated by Song forces at the battles of Tangdao and Caishi in 1161. Many of his officers defected and in some places the people rebelled against him. His subordinates conspired against him and assassinated him on 15 December 1161 in a military camp near the Yangtze River. Digunai's cousin, Wulu, who had led a rebellion against Digunai's rule, was proclaimed the new emperor.
Family
Parents
Father: Woben (斡本), sinicised name Wanyan Zonggan (完顏宗幹)
Mother: Empress Cixian, of the Da clan of Bohai (慈憲皇后大氏)
Consort and issue(s):
Empress Tudan (徒單皇后; d.1170), of the Tudan clan
Wanyan Guangying, Crown Prince (太子 完顏光英, 1150 – 1161), 2nd son
Noble Consort, of the Tangkuo clan (貴妃 唐括氏), personal name Dingge (定哥)
Nailahu (奈剌忽), First Consort (元妃), ex-wife of Zhang Ding'an (張定安)
First Consort, of the Da clan of Bohai (元妃 大氏),
Wanyan Yuanshou, Prince of Chong (崇王 完顏元壽, d. 1151), 1st son
Consort Li, of the Tangukuo clan (麗妃唐括氏), personal name Shigge (石哥)
Wanyan Shensi'abu, Prince of Su (宿王 完顏矧思阿補, 1156 – 1158), 3rd son
Consort Chen, of the Xiao clan (宸妃 蕭氏)
Consort Li, of the Yelü clan (麗妃 耶律氏)
Consort Zhao, of the Pucha clan (昭妃 蒲察氏), personal name Alihu (阿里虎)
Consort Zhao (昭妃), personal name Alan (阿懶)
Consort Rou, of the Yelü clan (柔妃 耶律氏)
Consort Zhao, of th Wanyan clan (昭妃完顏氏), personal name Shigu (什古)
Consort Shu, of the Wanyan clan (淑妃完顏氏), personal name Pula (蒲剌)
Consort Shu, of the Wanyan clan (淑妃完顏氏), personal name Shigu'er (師姑兒)
Consort Gui, of the Wanyan clan (貴妃 完顏氏), personal name Shaliguzhen (莎里古真)
Consort Zhao, of the Wanyan clan (昭妃), personal name Chongjie (重節)
Consort Li, of Tanguko clan (麗妃唐括氏),, personal name Puluhuzhi (魯胡只)
Zhaoyuan, of the Yelü clan (昭媛 耶律氏)
Xiuyi, of the Gao clan (修儀 高氏)
Cairen, of the Nan clan (才人 南氏)
Wanyan Guangyang, Prince of Teng (滕王 完顏廣陽), 4th son
Lady, of the Pucha clan (蒲察氏), personal name Chacha (叉察)
Unknown:
Princess of Rong (榮國公主), personal name Henü (合女)
married Tushan Sila (單術斯剌)
Unnamed Princess
married Xiao Yu's son (蕭玉)
Unnamed Princess
married Wugulun Yi (烏古論誼)
See also
History of Beijing
References
Citations
Sources
Jing-shen Tao, The Jurchen in Twelfth-Century China. University of Washington Press, 1976, .
1122 births
1161 deaths
Jin dynasty (1115–1234) emperors
12th-century Chinese monarchs
Murdered Chinese emperors |
iXL Enterprises was an international interactive agency that operated from 1996 until 2002. The company was founded by Atlanta entrepreneur Bert Ellis, who also served as the company's chairman and CEO. At the company's height in 1999, which coincided with the height of the dot-com boom, iXL had around 1500 employees, a quarterly revenue of $33 million, and was publicly traded on the Nasdaq exchange, with ticker symbol "IIXL". After a series of acquisitions, it is now part of the Razorfish agency, owned by Publicis Groupe.
iXL had its headquarters in Atlanta, with additional offices in Berlin, Boston, Charlotte, Chicago, Denver, Hamburg, London, Los Angeles, Madrid, New York City, Richmond, San Diego, San Francisco, São Paulo, Tokyo and Washington, D.C. The company also had smaller "satellite offices" in Amsterdam, Dallas and Memphis, Tennessee. Many of these offices started out as local interactive agencies that were purchased by iXL, such as Micro Interactive, which became the New York office. It was part of what some in the industry called "The Fast Five", a group of "e-consultancies" that also included Razorfish, Scient, Viant and USWeb/CKS.
Notable clients included GE, Delta Air Lines, Budget Rent-A-Car, Chase Bank, Merrill Lynch, The Home Depot, FedEx and WebMD.
In November 2001, iXL merged with former competitor Scient, with the two companies operating under the Scient name, but the leftovers were rebranded as Creative Bubble. In July 2002 the joint company filed for bankruptcy. Assets from Scient were purchased by SBI Group in 2003, and merged into Razorfish. That company was then acquired by aQuantive in 2004, and merged into Avenue A | Razorfish. aQuantive was then purchased by Microsoft in 2007, and then subsequently sold to Publicis Groupe in 2009.
References
Online companies of the United States
Marketing companies established in 1996
Companies disestablished in 2002
Online advertising services and affiliate networks |
Paulo Vitor Monteiro (born 26 August 2004), known as Paulo Vitor or Paulinho, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a central defender or a defensive midfielder for Atlético Mineiro, on loan from Boston City Brasil.
Club career
Born in Junqueirópolis, São Paulo, Paulo Vitor began his career with local side Comercial FC Tietê before joining Boston City Brasil for the 2022 season. He made his first team debut with the latter side on 17 September 2022, starting in a 3–1 Campeonato Mineiro Segunda Divisão home win over .
On 6 February 2023, Paulo Vitor was loaned to Atlético Mineiro for two years, being initially assigned to the under-20 squad. He made his professional – and Série A – debut on 10 May, coming on as a second-half substitute for Rodrigo Battaglia in a 4–0 away routing of Cuiabá.
Career statistics
References
2004 births
Living people
Footballers from São Paulo (state)
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Men's association football midfielders
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Clube Atlético Mineiro players |
```go
package migrations
import (
"strings"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/model/account"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/model/app"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/model/bitwarden"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/model/bitwarden/settings"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/model/instance"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/model/job"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/pkg/config/config"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/pkg/consts"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/pkg/couchdb"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/pkg/crypto"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/pkg/logger"
"github.com/cozy/cozy-stack/pkg/metadata"
multierror "github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
)
type vaultReference struct {
ID string `json:"_id"`
Type string `json:"_type"`
Protocol string `json:"_protocol"`
}
func isAdditionalField(fieldName string) bool {
return !(fieldName == "login" ||
fieldName == "password" ||
fieldName == "advancedFields")
}
// Builds a cipher from an io.cozy.account
//
// A raw JSONDoc is used to be able to access auth.fields
func buildCipher(orgKey []byte, manifest *app.KonnManifest, account couchdb.JSONDoc, url string, log *logger.Entry) (*bitwarden.Cipher, error) {
log.Infof("Building ciphers...")
auth, _ := account.M["auth"].(map[string]interface{})
username, _ := auth["login"].(string)
password, _ := auth["password"].(string)
email, _ := auth["email"].(string)
// Special case if the email field is used instead of login
if username == "" && email != "" {
username = email
}
key := orgKey[:32]
hmac := orgKey[32:]
ivURL := crypto.GenerateRandomBytes(16)
encURL, err := crypto.EncryptWithAES256HMAC(key, hmac, []byte(url), ivURL)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
u := bitwarden.LoginURI{URI: encURL, Match: nil}
uris := []bitwarden.LoginURI{u}
ivName := crypto.GenerateRandomBytes(16)
encName, err := crypto.EncryptWithAES256HMAC(key, hmac, []byte(manifest.Name()), ivName)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
ivUsername := crypto.GenerateRandomBytes(16)
encUsername, err := crypto.EncryptWithAES256HMAC(key, hmac, []byte(username), ivUsername)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
ivPassword := crypto.GenerateRandomBytes(16)
encPassword, err := crypto.EncryptWithAES256HMAC(key, hmac, []byte(password), ivPassword)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
login := &bitwarden.LoginData{
Username: encUsername,
Password: encPassword,
URIs: uris,
}
md := metadata.New()
md.DocTypeVersion = bitwarden.DocTypeVersion
bitwardenFields := make([]bitwarden.Field, 0)
for name, rawValue := range auth {
value, ok := rawValue.(string)
if !ok {
continue
}
if !isAdditionalField(name) {
continue
}
ivName := crypto.GenerateRandomBytes(16)
encName, err := crypto.EncryptWithAES256HMAC(key, hmac, []byte(name), ivName)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
ivValue := crypto.GenerateRandomBytes(16)
encValue, err := crypto.EncryptWithAES256HMAC(key, hmac, []byte(value), ivValue)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
field := bitwarden.Field{
Name: encName,
Value: encValue,
Type: bitwarden.FieldTypeText,
}
bitwardenFields = append(bitwardenFields, field)
}
c := bitwarden.Cipher{
Type: bitwarden.LoginType,
Name: encName,
Login: login,
SharedWithCozy: true,
Metadata: md,
Fields: bitwardenFields,
}
return &c, nil
}
func getCipherLinkFromManifest(manifest *app.KonnManifest) (string, error) {
link, ok := manifest.VendorLink().(string)
if !ok {
return "", nil
}
link = strings.Trim(link, "'")
return link, nil
}
func updateSettings(inst *instance.Instance, attempt int, log *logger.Entry) error {
log.Infof("Updating bitwarden settings after migration...")
// Reload the setting in case the revision changed
setting, err := settings.Get(inst)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// This flag is checked at the extension pre-login to run the migration or not
setting.ExtensionInstalled = true
err = settings.UpdateRevisionDate(inst, setting)
if err != nil {
if couchdb.IsConflictError(err) && attempt < 2 {
return updateSettings(inst, attempt+1, log)
}
}
return nil
}
func addCipherRelationshipToAccount(acc couchdb.JSONDoc, cipher *bitwarden.Cipher) {
vRef := vaultReference{
ID: cipher.ID(),
Type: consts.BitwardenCiphers,
Protocol: consts.BitwardenProtocol,
}
relationships, ok := acc.M["relationships"].(map[string]interface{})
if !ok {
relationships = make(map[string]interface{})
}
rel := map[string]vaultReference{"data": vRef}
relationships[consts.BitwardenCipherRelationship] = rel
acc.M["relationships"] = relationships
}
// Migrates all the encrypted accounts to Bitwarden ciphers.
// It decrypts each account, reencrypt the fields with the organization key,
// and save it in the ciphers database.
func migrateAccountsToOrganization(domain string) error {
inst, err := instance.Get(domain)
if err != nil {
return err
}
mu := config.Lock().ReadWrite(inst, "migrate-accounts")
if err := mu.Lock(); err != nil {
return err
}
defer mu.Unlock()
log := inst.Logger().WithNamespace("migration")
setting, err := settings.Get(inst)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if setting.ExtensionInstalled {
// The migration has already been run
return nil
}
// Get org key
if err := setting.EnsureCozyOrganization(inst); err != nil {
return err
}
orgKey, err := setting.OrganizationKey()
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Iterate over all triggers to get the konnectors with the associated account
jobsSystem := job.System()
triggers, err := jobsSystem.GetAllTriggers(inst)
if err != nil {
return err
}
var msg struct {
Account string `json:"account"`
Slug string `json:"konnector"`
}
var errm error
for _, t := range triggers {
if t.Infos().WorkerType != "konnector" {
continue
}
err := t.Infos().Message.Unmarshal(&msg)
if err != nil || msg.Account == "" || msg.Slug == "" {
continue
}
manifest, err := app.GetKonnectorBySlug(inst, msg.Slug)
if err != nil {
log.Warnf("Could not get manifest for %s", msg.Slug)
continue
}
link, err := getCipherLinkFromManifest(manifest)
if err != nil {
errm = multierror.Append(errm, err)
continue
}
if link == "" {
log.Warnf("No vendor_link in manifest for %s", msg.Slug)
continue
}
var accJSON couchdb.JSONDoc
if err := couchdb.GetDoc(inst, consts.Accounts, msg.Account, &accJSON); err != nil {
errm = multierror.Append(errm, err)
continue
}
accJSON.Type = consts.Accounts
account.Decrypt(accJSON)
cipher, err := buildCipher(orgKey, manifest, accJSON, link, log)
if err != nil {
errm = multierror.Append(errm, err)
continue
}
if err := couchdb.CreateDoc(inst, cipher); err != nil {
errm = multierror.Append(errm, err)
continue
}
addCipherRelationshipToAccount(accJSON, cipher)
account.Encrypt(accJSON)
log.Infof("Updating doc %s", accJSON)
if err := couchdb.UpdateDoc(inst, &accJSON); err != nil {
errm = multierror.Append(errm, err)
continue
}
}
err = updateSettings(inst, 0, log)
if err != nil {
errm = multierror.Append(errm, err)
}
return errm
}
``` |
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is life-threatening leukemia in which malignant megakaryoblasts proliferate abnormally and injure various tissues. Megakaryoblasts are the most immature precursor cells in a platelet-forming lineage; they mature to promegakaryocytes and, ultimately, megakaryocytes which cells shed membrane-enclosed particles, i.e. platelets, into the circulation. Platelets are critical for the normal clotting of blood. While malignant megakaryoblasts usually are the predominant proliferating and tissue-damaging cells, their similarly malignant descendants, promegakaryocytes and megakaryocytes, are variable contributors to the malignancy.
AMKL is commonly regarded as a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). More formally, it is classified under the AML-M7 category of the French-American-British classification and by the World Health Organization of 2016 in the AML-Not Otherwise Specified subcategory.
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia falls into three distinct groups which differ in underlying causes, ages of presentation, responses to therapy, and prognoses. These groups are: AMKL occurring in young children with Down syndrome, i.e. DS-AMKL; AMKL occurring in children who do not have Down syndrome, i.e. non-DS-AMKL (also termed pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia or pediatric AMKL); and AMKL occurring in non-DS adults, i.e. adult-AMKL. AMKL, while rare, is the most common form of AML in DS-AMKL, occurring ~500-fold more commonly in Down syndrome children than in children without Down syndrome; non-DS-AMKL and adult-AMLK are rare, accounting for <1% of all individuals diagnosed as in the AML-M7 category of leukemia.
DS-AMKL
Pathophysiology
Individuals with Down syndrome almost always have three instead of the normal two copies of chromosome 21. The extra copies of key chromosome 21 genes underlie their increased susceptibility to AMKL by promoting the development of a certain type of inactivating mutation in the GATA1 gene. The GATA1 gene resides on the X chromosome and codes for two transcription factors, GATA1 and a shorter version, GATA1-S. GATA1 and GATA1-S contribute to regulating the expression of genes that control the maturation of megakaryoblasts to promegakaryocytes, megakaryocytes, and platelets as well as the maturation of erythroblasts to red blood cells. GATA1-S appears less active than GATA1 in controlling some of the genes that promote megakaryoblast maturation but more active than GATA1 in stimulating megakaryoblast proliferation. Various GATA1 mutations that cause this gene to make GATA1-S but unable to make GATA1 result in the excessive proliferation of platelet precursor cells, reductions in the levels of circulating blood platelets, mild reductions in the levels of circulating red blood cells, and the development of transient myeloproliferative disease (TMD). TMD is a disorder involving the excessive proliferation of non-malignant megakaryoblasts and descendent cells due to the cited truncating mutations in the GATA1 gene. TMD is a necessary predecessor to DS-AMKL.
Down syndrome fetuses and neonates with one of the cited types of GATA1 truncating mutations are in rare cases asymptomatic (i.e. silent TMD) but more commonly exhibit in utero or during the first months of live accumulations of immature megakaryoblasts in, and sometimes life-threatening injury to, the fetal blood-forming organ, the liver, and other tissues. While fatal in up to 20% of cases, ~80 of infants with TMD fully recover from the diseases within 4 months. However, ~10% of individuals with a history of symptomatic or silent TMD develop DS-AMKL within 4 years. During this interval, these individuals may acquire somatic mutations in those of their megakaryoblasts that bear the original truncating GATA1 mutation. These newly acquired mutations appear to result from the interactions of GATAT1 truncating mutations with excessive copies of chromosome 21 genes. The genes with these mutations include TP53, FLT3, ERG, DYRK1A, CHAF1B, HLCS, RUNX1, MIR125B2 (which is the gene for microRNA MiR125B2CTCF, STAG2, RAD21, SMC3, SMC1A, NIPBL, SUZ12, PRC2, JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, MPL, KRAS, NRAS, and SH2B3. At least one but probably several of these mutations, whether occurring in individuals with silent or symptomatic TMD, are presumed responsible for or to contribute to the development of DS-AMKL.
Rare cases of transient myeloproliferative disease and DS-AMKL occur in individuals who do not have Down syndrome. These individuals usually have a history of TMD and invariably have megakaryoblasts which bear extra copies of key chromosome 21 genes, truncating mutations in GATA1, and somatic mutations in one or more of the genes listed in the previous section. These individuals have extra copies of only a portion of the genes on chromosome 21. This duplication of only some chromosome 21 genes results from: a) Robertsonian translocations, wherein part of chromosome 21 is duplicated on another chromosome; b) partial trisomy 21, wherein only part of chromosome 21 is duplicated); c) an isochromosome, wherein chromosome 21 contains two long but no short arms); or d) duplications, wherein extra chromosome 21 genes are on this or other chromosomes. AMKL occurring in these individuals is classified as DS-AMKL.
Presentation
DS-AMKL most often presents in children 1–2 years old but almost always less than 4 years old who have a history of TMD. Given this history, these children are usually followed-up medically with complete blood count tests. and therefore often present with elevated blood levels of abnormally appearing platelets and platelet precursor cells, particularly megakaryoblasts, and reduced blood levels of red blood cells. DS-AMKL usually progresses slowly with affected children gradually developing increasingly more severe changes in their blood counts as well as slowly developing symptoms of these developments such as fatigue and shortness of breath due to anemia. In cases of advanced disease, individuals with DS-AMKL may present with signs and symptoms that are more typical of acute myeloid leukemic diseases such as liver enlargement, spleen enlargement, leukemia cutis (i.e. skin nodules caused by leukemic infiltrates), or leukostasis (i.e. an emergency situation in which excessive elevations in circulating blast (i.e. early precursor) cells plug the microcirculation to cause life-threatening heart, lung, and neurological dysfunctions).
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of DS-AMKL in young children is indicated by: a history of TMD; findings of increased presence of blast cells (e.g. ≥20% of nucleated cells) that have the megakaryoblast phenotype in blood and/or bone marrow as defined by the morphology of these cells in blood or bone marrow smears; failure to obtain a bone marrow aspirate because of marrow fibrosis; and immunophenotyping analyses of platelet precursor cells lineage as determined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Malignant megakaryoblasts are usually medium-sized to large cells with a high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. Nuclear chromatin is dense and homogeneous. There is scanty, variable basophilic cytoplasm which may be excessively vacuolated. An irregular cytoplasmic border is often noted in some of the megakaryoblasts and occasionally projections resembling budding atypical platelets are present. Megakaryoblasts lack myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and stain negatively with Sudan Black B. They are alpha naphthyl butyrate esterase negative and manifest variable alpha naphthyl acetate esterase activity usually in scattered clumps or granules in the cytoplasm. PAS diastase staining varies from negative to focal or granular positivity to strongly positive. Immunochemical analyses, often conducted by flow cytometry, of the surface antigens on leukemic blast cells are positive for CD41, CD42b, CD51, and Von Willebrand factor in AMKL but not leukemia involving non-platelet malignant cells.
Where indicated and available, the diagnosis of DS-AMKL is further supported by; immunophenotyping analysis using monoclonal antibody directed against megakaryocyte restricted antigen (CD41 and CD61) and DNA sequencing to detect GATA1 mutations that are projected to cause the gene to make GATA1-S but not GATA1 transcription factors.
Treatment
The chemotherapy regimens used for all types of AMKL are similar to those used for AML. A final confirmation of safety and efficacy phase 3 study consisted of 4 cycles of induction therapy with cytarabine and daunorubicin followed by a single course of intensification therapy consisting of cytarabine and L-asparaginase, and concluded with a central nervous system consolidation course of 3 additional doses of intrathecal cytarabine. The dosages of cytarabine in this study were kept low because DS-AMKL patients proved highly susceptible to the toxic effects of the regimen which used a higher cytarabine dosage to treat AML. The low-dose cytarabine regimen achieved excellent results in DS-AMKL with relatively reduced overall toxicity and is currently recommended as a preferred treatment regimen for the disease.
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (i.e. transplantation of stem cells derived from the individual being transplanted) did not improve relapse-free survival in one large study of DS-AMKL. Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (i.e. transplantation of stem cells derived another individual) has given better disease-free survival results than autologous transplantation and, based on recent uncontrolled studies, should be considered in DS-AMKL cases that have relapsed after their first chemotherapy-induced complete remission.
Prognosis
The 5-year event free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival rate in the phase 3 clinical study in DS-AMKL were 79, 89, 84 percent, respectively. Other studies that use a treatment regimen similar to that used in the phase 3 clinical study report overall survival rates of ~80% and long-term survivals of 74-91%. However, DS-AMKL patients who relapse following chemotherapy have a far poorer outlook with 3 year overall survival rate in one study of only 26%. There also appears to be little role for stem cell transplantation in DS-AMKL given the success of initial chemotherapy and the relatively poor results in DS-AMKL patients given this transplantation.
Non-DS-AMKL
Pathophysiology
The most common genetic abnormality occurring in non-Down-AMKL is a nonreciprocal translocation between the short or p arm at position 13 on chromosome 1 (i.e. 1p13) and the p arm at position 13 on chromosome 22 (i.e. 22p13). Nonreciprocal translocations are exchanges of genes between two chromosomes that are not homologs, i.e. that are not maternal and paternal copies of the same chromosome. This particular translocation, designated t(1;22)(p13;q13), occurs mainly in infants but also is seen in children up to the age of 7 years with non-DS-AMKL. This translocation involves the RBM15 gene on chromosome 1 and the MKL1 gene (also termed MRTFA) on chromosome 22 to create a RBM15-MKL1 fusion gene. Studies in mice indicate that the Mkl1 gene (only the first letter of a mouse gene is capitalized) product, MKL1, interacts with the transcription factor SRF to stimulate the expression of various genes. MKLl is required for the maturation of mouse megakaryoblasts: in its absence, megakaryoblasts and promegakaryocytes proliferate abnormally while megakaryocytes are few in number and have an abnormal morphology. Mouse studies also indicate that the product of Rbm15, RMB15, interacts with Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 (also termed SMRT), and RBPJ nuclear proteins to suppress the expression of various genes that are involved in the maturation of platelet, myeloid and lymphocyte precursor cells. In consequence, the RBM15-MKL1 fusion protein acts in an unregulated fashion to suppress MKL1 targeted genes while stimulating RPBJ target genes. This causes an over-active Notch signaling pathway and, among other abnormalities, expansion of fetal hematopoiesis and development of AMKL in a small percentage of adult mice. It is assumed that these events must be accompanied by other, as yet undefined, oncogenic (i.e., cancer causing) events to explain the development of human non-Down AMKL. A large number of other genetic abnormalities are associated with the development of non-DS-AMLK. These include complex chromosomal rearrangements and increases in copy number of various genes. Besides the t(1;22)(p13;q13) translocation, common genetic abnormalities in a study of 372 individuals diagnosed with non-DS-AMKL include: rearrangements of genes at position 23 on the long (i.e. q) arm of chromosome 11; inversion of chromosome 16 occurring between p13.3 and q24.3 denoted as inv(16)(p13.3q24.3) that results in the production of a CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion protein; and increases in chromosome numbers from a normal of 46 to anywhere from 47 to >50. The relationships of these and the many other genetic abnormalities detected in non-Down-AMKL to the disease's development require further investigations.
Presentation
Non-DS-AMKL occurs in neonates, infants, and children of all ages. Except for the lack of Down syndrome, no history of TMD, and occurrences in children that can be >4 years of age, individuals with non-DS-AMKL present with many of the symptoms, signs, and hematological findings seen in DS-AMKL. However, non-DS-AMKL is a more aggressive and rapidly progressing disorder than DS-AMKL. Nonetheless, the presentation of non-DS-AMKL is also like DS-AMKL in that it is not often accompanied by one or more extramedullary signs or symptoms of the disease such as liver enlargement, spleen enlargement, leukemia cutis, and leukostasis.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of non-DS-AMKL is made in children who do not have Down syndrome but exhibit the same clinical symptoms, signs, hematological abnormalities, and specialized laboratory findings seen in DS-AMKL. These children should bear one or more of the genetic aberrations associated with the disease but not the inactivating GATA1 mutations, extra copies of chromosome 21 genes, or other genetic abnormalities associated with DS-AMKL. Non-DS-AMKL has many clinical and laboratory features similar to and must be distinguished from Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis, a disorder characterized by bone marrow fibrosis, abnormal megakaryocytes, macrocytic erythropoiesis, defects in neutrophil production, reduced blood levels of most circulating cells (i.e. pancytopenia), and low levels of circulating blast cells. Analyses of circulating and bone marrow blast cells for features of AMKL (see Diagnosis section of DS-AMKL) and genetic aberrations is helpful in distinguishing the two diseases.
Treatment
In a review of 153 patients treated for non-DS-AMKL between 1990 and 2014 with various intensive chemotherapy protocols that included cytarabine, an anthracycline (e.g. daunorubicin, doxorubicin), and in 25% of cases human stem cell transplantation, the probability of overall 4 year survival rate, probability of 4 year event-free survival, and probability of 4 year cumulative relapse rate were 56, 51, and 29%, respectively. A more recent treatment regimen that is similar to that used to treat DS-AMKL as described above (except it employs the high dose of cytarabine used to treat AML) gives better results and has been recommended for non-DS-AMKL. The response to this regimen approached that seen in non-DS-AMKL, i.e. its complete remission and estimated 10 year survival rates were both 76%. Similar to DS-AMKL treatment regimens, allogenic rather than autologous stem cell bone marrow transplantation should be considered in non-DS-AMKL cases that have relapsed following their first chemotherapy-induced complete remission. Further studies may indicate that this recent cancer chemotherapy regimen plus allogenic bone marrow transplantation in cases which relapse after the first remission are the preferred treatment for non-DS-AMKL.
Prognosis
In a review of 153 patients treated for non-DS-AMKL between 1990 and 2014 with various intensive chemotherapy protocols that included cytarabine, an anthracycline (e.g. daunorubicin, doxorubicin), and in 25% of cases human stem cell transplantation, the probability of overall 4 year survival rate, probability of 4 year event-free survival, and probability of 4 year cumulative relapse rate were 56, 51, and 29%, respectively. Patients with non-DS-AMKL given the treatment regimen described for DS-AMKL above had a much better prognosis than patients treated with earlier-devised treatment regimens: their overall survival rate using these regimen was estimated to be 76%.
Adult-AMKL
Pathophysiology
Adult-AMKL can result from the progression of other myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) viz., chronic myelogenous leukemia, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis, and primary myelofibrosis. In one review of adult-AMKL, 25% of 49 cases were considered as secondary to one of these MPN. The mechanism behind these cases of secondary AMKL are unknown although an inversion in chromosome 3 at positions q21 and q26, i.e. inv(3)(q21q26), is often seen in these secondary cases of adult-AMKL.
Rare cases of adult-AMKL also have mediastinal germ cell tumors. These tumors are malignancies of germ cells, i.e. primitive cells that give rise to sperm and ovum cells. In adult-AMKL, mediastinal germ cell tumors that are associated with adult-AMKL are not seminomas (i.e. do not originate from the sperm cell line) and occur before or concomitantly with but not after the diagnosis AMKL is made. The three most common genetic aberrations in the bone marrow cells of these individuals (representing ~65% of all cases) were inversions in the p arm of chromosome 12, trisomy 8, and an extra X chromosome. In several of these cases, the genetic aberrations in the malignant platelet precursor cells were similar to those in the malignant mediastinal germ cells. These results and those of other analyses suggest that the two malignancies derive from a common founding clone of cells (i.e. a set of genetically identical cells).
Overall, the most common genetic aberrations occurring in adult-AMKL are the previously described inv((3)(q21q26) inversion, translocation between the q arm of chromosome 9 at position 34 and the q arm of chromosome 22 at position 11, i.e. (t(9:22)(q34:q11), and various aberrations in chromosome 5 or chromosome 7. Aberrations in the latter two chromosomes are also commonly seen in an AML that is associated with myelodydplastic-related changes (i.e. predominance of immature blood cells in the bone marrow). The underlying malignancy-causing mechanism, if any, behind these genetic aberrations requires further study.
Presentation
Adult-AMKL may occur in individuals who have a prior diagnosis of and/or present with chronic myelogenous leukemia, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis, primary myelofibrosis, or mediastinal germ cell tumor. AMKL associated with mediastinal germ cell tumors typically occurs in younger adults, i.e. ages 13–36 (average age 24). Cases occurring in children aged ≤18 years, which represent ~20% of all cases, could be regarded in the non-DS-AMKL category. Cases of the disease not associated with mediastinal germ cell tumors occur in adults who as a group have older median age centering around those 50–70 years old. The disorder is far more fulminant than non-DS-AMKL and DS-AMKL and generally presents with more serious hematological symptoms (e.g. anemia-related) and a much higher incidence of extramedullary manifestations (e.g. organ enlargement, leukemia cutis) than seen in the other two forms of AMKL.
Diagnosis
Adult-AMKL commonly occurs in adults in their sixties and seventies but may be seen in adolescents as young as 13. Its diagnosis can be suspected in cases that have either a prior history of MPN or a history or current findings indicating the presence of mediastinal blast cell tumor. In all cases, the diagnosis adult-AMKL rests upon the same determinations used to diagnose DS-AMKL, e.g. increased blast cells in blood and/or bone marrow, immunochemical evidence that these blast cells bear platelet line-specific markers, and occurrence of the genetic aberrations in these blast cells that have been associated with the disease.
Treatment
Adult-AMKL has remained poorly responsive to the treatment regiments used in DS-AMKL and non-DS-AMKL. These treatments have given complete remission rates of 43-50%.
Prognosis
The prognosis of adult-AMKL in patients treated for the disease is far below that of other forms of AMKL. Their median overall survival times are only 18 to 41 weeks with 5 year survival rates of only 10-11 percent. Major improvements in these statistics will likely require new approaches directed at the underlying mechanisms driving the disease.
See also
List of hematologic conditions
References
External links
Histology at University of Virginia
Images at Nagoya University
https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/524/acute-megakaryoblastic-leukemia (NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center)
Acute myeloid leukemia |
Dugand's antwren (Herpsilochmus dugandi) is a species of bird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
The bird is named in commemoration of Colombian naturalist Armando Dugand.
References
Dugand's antwren
Birds of the Colombian Amazon
Birds of the Ecuadorian Amazon
Birds of the Peruvian Amazon
Dugand's antwren
Dugand's antwren
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Anastasia Myskina was the defending champion, but lost in round two.
Maria Sharapova won the title, defeating Alicia Molik in the final.
Main draw
Seeds
The top four seeds received a bye into the second round.
Finals
Top half
Bottom half
References
External links
wtatour.com website
iftennis.com website
2005 WTA Tour
2005 Singles
2005 in Qatari sport |
Chivington is an unincorporated community in Kiowa County, Colorado, United States. The Chivington post office operated from October 24, 1887, until January 1, 1991. The U.S. Post Office at Eads (ZIP Code 81036) now serves Chivington postal addresses.
Namesake
The community was named for the Reverend John Milton Chivington, a colonel in the Union Army during the American Civil War, who was celebrated as the hero of the 1862 Battle of Glorieta Pass. He later commanded the 700 Union soldiers who perpetrated the Sand Creek massacre, a slaughter of approximately 150 Native Americans in a nearby gulch. His men took human body parts as trophies, including unborn fetuses and genitalia of both genders. The massacre was condemned by the United States Congress Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War and Territorial Governor John Evans lost his job for encouraging Chivington.
History
Chivington (est. 1887) was one of several railroad towns in Kiowa County on eastern Colorado's plains along the Missouri Pacific Railroad line, and in the late 19th century, eastern Colorado had a lot of agriculture and related commerce. Railroad workers also briefly contributed to the local economy as the Missouri Pacific extended into Colorado Springs, Pueblo, Palmer Lake, and eventually brought service into Denver.
As new towns along this railroad line formed, they were named alphabetically, which might explain why "Chivington" was chosen—with the massacre site only about 9 miles away, "C" brought the name "Chivington" to mind.
During Chivington's early days, it supported a number of local businesses, the crown jewel being the $10,000, 60-room, 3-story Queen Anne styled Kingdon Hotel—but when the railroad realized that Chivington's water had too high an alkali content to use in the locomotive boilers, a nearby town in Kansas (Horace) instead became an important watering stop for the railroad. The Kingdon Hotel was disassembled (its intended purpose was to house railroad workers), and its materials shipped to two other Colorado communities for constructing buildings there—a common fate in Colorado, in the era.
The Dust Bowl and Depression days of the 1920s and 1930s proved sustained agriculture on Colorado's eastern plains unsupportable, and Chivington (like many other nearby towns) mostly died somewhere in those decades.
Today's Chivington
A few newer homes are still occupied in Chivington, but the town consists mostly of a few abandoned but still-standing ruins, more partially collapsed buildings (the former school house degrades, year-by-year), and many piles of bricks mark where the town once stood.
Standard green highway markers ("Chivington") identify what these ruins once were. The post office existed into the 1980s but nearby Eads today offers the nearest postal service and amenities like stores and gas stations.
Lamar is the closest remaining "significant" town on Colorado's eastern plains. Chivington appears to be returning, like much of eastern Colorado, to its sparse grassland and prairieland origins.
One of the former town's buildings contains a ghost sign asking for Chivington citizens to vote for a man named Jan King, who ran for the office of Kiowa County clerk.
The famous TransAmerica Cycling Trail passes through Chivington and is frequented by hundreds of cyclists annually.
Geography
Chivington is located at at an elevation of .
See also
Bibliography of Colorado
Geography of Colorado
History of Colorado
Index of Colorado-related articles
List of Colorado-related lists
List of ghost towns in Colorado
List of post offices in Colorado
Outline of Colorado
References
External links
State of Colorado
History Colorado
Chivington, Colorado History
Modern Photos of Ghost Town Chivington
Colorado Ghost Town Photography - Chivington, Colorado
Kiowa County, Colorado History
September 10, 1982 Kiowa County Press Chivington History page
1887 establishments in Colorado
Former populated places in Kiowa County, Colorado
Geography of Kiowa County, Colorado
Ghost towns in Colorado
History of Colorado
Populated places established in 1887
Unincorporated communities in Kiowa County, Colorado |
Adam Barrett Berry (born December 3, 1966) is a two-time American Emmy-winning television and film composer and a Grammy Award-winning producer and member of the new age band White Sun. He is originally from Los Angeles. Some of his credits include South Park, Kim Possible, American Dragon: Jake Long, and The Sarah Silverman Program. He worked closely with Trey Parker and Matt Stone's in developing the scores for the first four seasons of South Park, and also played in their punk band, DVDA. As a member of new age band White Sun, Berry garnered a Grammy Award for best New Age album in 2017 for the album White Sun II.
Further reading
Nye, Sean. "From Punk to the Musical: South Park, Music, and the Cartoon Format." Music In Television: Channels of Listening, ed. James Deaville. London: Routledge, 2011. pp. 143–64.
Nye, Sean. "Generation X, South Park, and TV Music Composition: An Interview with Adam Berry.” Music In Television: Channels of Listening, ed. James Deaville. London: Routledge, 2011. pp. 217–26.
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
1966 births
American film score composers
American male film score composers
American television composers
Living people
Male television composers
Daytime Emmy Award winners
Grammy Award winners |
This page is about client side and other techniques. For server side techniques read the Anti-spam techniques page.
People tend to be much less bothered by spam slipping through filters into their mail box (false negatives), than having desired e-mail ("ham") blocked (false positives). Trying to balance false negatives (missed spams) vs false positives (rejecting good e-mail) is critical for a successful anti-spam system. As servers are not able to block all spam there are some tools for individual users to help control over this balance.
End-user techniques
There are a number of techniques that individuals can use to restrict the availability of their e-mail addresses, reducing or preventing their attractiveness to spam.
Discretion
Sharing an email address only among a limited group of correspondents is one way to limit spam. This method relies on the discretion of all members of the group, as disclosing email addresses outside the group circumvents the trust relationship of the group. For this reason, forwarding messages to recipients who don't know one another should be avoided. When it is absolutely necessary to forward messages to recipients who don't know one another, it is good practice to list the recipient names all after "bcc:" instead of after "to:". This practice avoids the scenario where unscrupulous recipients might compile a list of email addresses for spamming purposes. This practice also reduces the risk of the address being distributed by computers affected with email address harvesting malware. However, once the privacy of the email address is lost by divulgence, it cannot likely be regained.
Address munging
Posting anonymously, or with a fake name and address, is one way to avoid e-mail address harvesting, but users should ensure that the fake address is not valid. Users who want to receive legitimate email regarding their posts or Web sites can alter their addresses so humans can figure out but spammers cannot. For instance, might post as . Address munging, however, can cause legitimate replies to be lost. If it's not the user's valid address, it has to be truly invalid, otherwise someone or some server will still get the spam for it.
Other ways use transparent address munging to avoid this by allowing users to see the actual address but obfuscate it from automated email harvesters with methods such as displaying all or part of the e-mail address on a web page as an image, a text logo shrunken to normal size using in-line CSS, or as jumbled text with the order of characters restored using CSS.
Avoid responding to spam
Spammers often regard responses to their messages—even responses like "Don't spam me"—as confirmation that an email address is valid. Likewise, many spam messages contain Web links or addresses which the user is directed to follow to be removed from the spammer's mailing list. In several cases, spam-fighters have tested these links, confirming they do not lead to the recipient address's removal—if anything, they lead to more spam. This removal request of filing a complaint may get the address list washed. To lower complaints so the spammer can stay active before having to acquire new accounts and/or internet provider.
Sender addresses are often forged in spam messages, including using the recipient's own address as the forged sender address, so that responding to spam may result in failed deliveries or may reach innocent e-mail users whose addresses have been abused.
In Usenet, it is widely considered even more important to avoid responding to spam. Many ISPs have software that seek and destroy duplicate messages. Someone may see a spam and respond to it before it is cancelled by their server, which can have the effect of reposting the spam for them; since it is not a duplicate, the reposted copy will last longer. Replying may also cause the poster to be falsely linked to as part of the spam message.
Contact forms
Contact forms allow users to send email by filling out forms in a web browser. The web server takes the form data, forwarding it to an email address. Users never see the email address. Such forms, however, are sometimes inconvenient to users, as they are not able to use their preferred e-mail client, risk entering a faulty reply address, and are typically not notified about delivery problems. Further, contact forms have the drawback that they require a website that supports server side scripts. Finally, if the software used to run the contact forms is badly designed, it can become a spam tool in its own right. Additionally, some spammers have begun to send spam using the contact form.
Disable HTML in e-mail
Many modern mail programs incorporate Web browser functionality, such as the display of HTML, URLs, and images. This can easily expose the user to offensive images in spam. In addition, spam written in HTML can contain web bugs which allows spammers to see that the e-mail address is valid and that the message has not been caught in spam filters. JavaScript programs can be used to direct the user's Web browser to an advertised page, or to make the spam message difficult to close or delete. Spam messages have contained attacks upon security vulnerabilities in the HTML renderer, using these holes to install spyware. (Some computer viruses are borne by the same mechanisms.)
Mail clients which do not automatically download and display HTML, images or attachments, have fewer risks, as do clients who have been configured to not display these by default.
Disposable e-mail addresses
An email user may sometimes need to give an address to a site without complete assurance that the site owner will not use it for sending spam. One way to mitigate the risk is to provide a disposable email address—a temporary address which the user can disable or abandon which forwards email to a real account. A number of services provide disposable address forwarding. Addresses can be manually disabled, can expire after a given time interval, or can expire after a certain number of messages have been forwarded. Disposable email addresses can be used by users to track whether a site owner has disclosed an address. This capability has resulted in legal jeopardy for sites that disclose confidential addresses without permission.
Ham passwords
Systems that use ham passwords ask unrecognised senders to include in their email a password that demonstrates that the email message is a "ham" (not spam) message. Typically the email address and ham password would be described on a web page, and the ham password would be included in the "subject" line of an email address. Ham passwords are often combined with filtering systems, to counter the risk that a filtering system will accidentally identify a ham message as a spam message.
The "plus addressing" technique appends a password to the "username" part of the email address.
Reporting spam
Tracking down a spammer's ISP and reporting the offense can lead to the spammer's service being terminated and criminal prosecution. Unfortunately, it can be difficult to track down the spammer—and while there are some online tools to assist, they are not always accurate. Occasionally, spammers employ their own netblocks. In this case, the abuse contact for the netblock can be the spammer itself and can confirm your address.
Examples of these online tools are SpamCop and Network Abuse Clearinghouse. They provide automated or semi-automated means to report spam to ISPs. Some spam-fighters regard them as inaccurate compared to what an expert in the email system can do; however, most email users are not experts.
A free tool called Complainterator may be used in the reporting of spam. The Complainterator will send an automatically generated complaint to the registrar of the spamming domain and the registrar of its name servers.
Historically, reporting spam in this way has not seriously abated spam, since the spammers simply move their operation to another URL, ISP or network of IP addresses.
Consumers may also forward unwanted and deceptive commercial email to an email address () maintained by the US Federal Trade Commission (FTC). The database collected is used to prosecute perpetrators of scam or deceptive advertising.
An alternative to contacting ISPs is to contact the registrar of a domain name that has used in spam e-mail. Registrars, as ICANN-accredited administrative organizations, are obliged to uphold certain rules and regulations, and have the resources necessary for dealing with abuse complaints.
Responding to spam
Some people believe that responding aggressively to spam is helpful—in other words, "spamming the spammer".
The basic idea is to make spamming less attractive to the spammer by increasing the spammer's overhead. There are several ways to reach a spammer other than the caveats mentioned above, however it may lead to retaliations by the spammer.
Replying directly to the spammer's email address
Just clicking "reply" will not work in the vast majority of cases, since most of the sender addresses are forged or made up. In some cases, however, spammers do provide valid addresses, as in the case of Nigerian scams.
Targeting the computers used to send out spam
In 2005, IBM announced a service to bounce spam directly to the computers that send out spam. Because the IP addresses are identified in the headers of every message, it would be possible to target those computers directly, sidestepping the problem of forged email addresses. In most cases, however, those computers do not belong to the real spammer, but to unsuspecting users with unsecured or outdated systems, hijacked through malware and controlled at distance by the spammer; these are known as zombie computers. However, in most legal jurisdictions, ignorance is no defense, and many victims of spam regard the owners of zombie computers as willfully compliant accomplices of spammers.
Leaving messages on the spamvertised site
Spammers selling their wares need a tangible point of contact so that customers can reach them. Sometimes it is a telephone number, but most often is a web site containing web forms through which customers can fill out orders or inquiries, or even "unsubscribe" requests. Since positive response to spam is probably much less than 1/10,000, if just a tiny percentage of users visit spam sites just to leave negative messages, the negative messages could easily outnumber positive ones, incurring costs for spammers to sort them out, not mentioning the cost in bandwidth. An automated system, designed to respond in just such a way, was Blue Frog. Unfortunately, in doing so, you risk arousing the ire of criminals who may respond with threats or 'target' your address with even more spam.
Automated techniques for e-mail senders
There are a variety of techniques that e-mail senders use to try to make sure that they do not send spam. Failure to control the amount of spam sent, as judged by e-mail receivers, can often cause even legitimate email to be blocked and for the sender to be put on DNSBLs.
Background checks on new users and customers
Since spammer's accounts are frequently disabled due to violations of abuse policies, they are constantly trying to create new accounts. Due to the damage done to an ISP's reputation when it is the source of spam, many ISPs and web email providers use CAPTCHAs on new accounts to verify that it is a real human registering the account, and not an automated spamming system. They can also verify that credit cards are not stolen before accepting new customers, check the Spamhaus Project ROKSO list, and do other background checks.
Confirmed opt-in for mailing lists
One difficulty in implementing opt-in mailing lists is that many means of gathering user email addresses remain susceptible to forgery. For instance, if a company puts up a Web form to allow users to subscribe to a mailing list about its products, a malicious person can enter other people's email addresses—to harass them, or to make the company appear to be spamming. (To most anti-spammers, if the company sends e-mail to these forgery victims, it is spamming, albeit inadvertently.)
To prevent this abuse, MAPS and other anti-spam organizations encourage that all mailing lists use confirmed opt-in (also known as verified opt-in or double opt-in). That is, whenever an email address is presented for subscription to the list, the list software should send a confirmation message to that address. The confirmation message contains no advertising content, so it is not construed to be spam itself — and the address is not added to the live mail list unless the recipient responds to the confirmation message. See also the Spamhaus Mailing Lists vs. Spam Lists page.
All modern mailing list management programs (such as GNU Mailman, LISTSERV, Majordomo, and qmail's ezmlm) support confirmed opt-in by default.
Egress spam filtering
E-mail senders can do the same type of anti-spam checks on e-mail coming from their users and customers as can be done for e-mail coming from the rest of the Internet.
Limit e-mail backscatter
If any sort of bounce message or anti-virus warning gets sent to a forged email address, the result will be backscatter.
Problems with sending challenges to forged e-mail addresses can be greatly reduced by not creating a new message that contains the challenge. Instead, the challenge can be placed in the Bounce message when the receiving mail system gives a rejection-code during the SMTP session. When the receiving mail system rejects an e-mail this way, it is the sending system that actually creates the bounce message. As a result, the bounce message will almost always be sent to the real sender, and it will be in a format and language that the sender will usually recognize.
Port 25 blocking
Firewalls and routers can be programmed to not allow SMTP traffic (TCP port 25) from machines on the network that are not supposed to run Mail Transfer Agents or send e-mail. This practice is somewhat controversial when ISPs block home users, especially if the ISPs do not allow the blocking to be turned off upon request. E-mail can still be sent from these computers to designated smart hosts via port 25 and to other smart hosts via the e-mail submission port 587.
Port 25 interception
Network address translation can be used to intercept all port 25 (SMTP) traffic and direct it to a mail server that enforces rate limiting and egress spam filtering. This is commonly done in hotels, but it can cause e-mail privacy problems, as well making it impossible to use STARTTLS and SMTP-AUTH if the port 587 submission port isn't used.
Rate limiting
Machines that suddenly start to send much e-mail may well have become zombie computers. By limiting the rate that e-mail can be sent around what is typical for the computer in question, legitimate e-mail can still be sent, but large spam runs can be slowed until manual investigation can be done.
Spam report feedback loops
By monitoring spam reports from places such as spamcop, AOL's feedback loop, and Network Abuse Clearinghouse, the domain's abuse@ mailbox, etc., ISPs can often learn of problems before they seriously damage the ISP's reputation and have their mail servers blacklisted.
FROM field control
Both malicious software and human spam senders often use forged FROM addresses when sending spam messages. Control may be enforced on SMTP servers to ensure senders can only use their correct email address in the FROM field of outgoing messages. In an email users database each user has a record with an e-mail address. The SMTP server must check if the email address in the FROM field of an outgoing message is the same address that belongs to the user's credentials, supplied for SMTP authentication. If the FROM field is forged, an SMTP error will be returned to the email client (e.g. "You do not own the email address you are trying to send from").
Strong AUP and TOS agreements
Most ISPs and webmail providers have either an Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) or a Terms of Service (TOS) agreement that discourages spammers from using their system and allows the spammer to be terminated quickly for violations.
Techniques for researchers & law enforcement
Increasingly, anti-spam efforts have led to co-ordination between law enforcement, researchers, major consumer financial service companies and Internet service providers in monitoring and tracking e-mail spam, identity theft and phishing activities and gathering evidence for criminal cases.
Legislation and enforcement
Appropriate legislation and enforcement can have a significant impact on spamming activity.
The penalty provisions of the Australian Spam Act 2003 dropped Australia's ranking in the list of spam-relaying countries for email spam from tenth to twenty-eighth.
Legislation that provides mandates that bulk emailers must follow makes compliant spam easier to identify and filter out.
Analysis of spamvertisements
Analysis of sites being spamvertised by a given piece of spam often leads to questionable registrations of Internet domain names. Since registrars are required to maintain trustworthy WHOIS databases, digging into the registration details and complaining at the proper locations often results in site shutdowns. Uncoordinated activity may not be effective, given today's volume of spam and the rate at which criminal organizations register new domains. However, a coordinated effort, implemented with adequate infrastructure, can obtain good results.
Cost-based systems
Since spamming is facilitated by the fact that large volumes of email are very inexpensive to send, one proposed set of solutions would require that senders pay some cost in order to send email, making it prohibitively expensive for spammers. Anti-spam activist Daniel Balsam attempts to make spamming less profitable by bringing lawsuits against spammers.
Other techniques
There are a number of proposals for sideband protocols that will assist SMTP operation. The Anti-Spam Research Group (ASRG) of the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) is working on a number of email authentication and other proposals for providing simple source authentication that is flexible, lightweight, and scalable. Recent Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) activities include MARID (2004) leading to two approved IETF experiments in 2005, and DomainKeys Identified Mail in 2006.
DMARC, which stands for "Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance" standardizes how email receivers perform email authentication using the well-known Sender Policy Framework (SPF) and DKIM mechanisms.
Channel email is a new proposal for sending email that attempts to distribute anti-spam activities by forcing verification (probably using bounce messages so back-scatter doesn't occur) when the first email is sent for new contacts.
SMTP proxy
SMTP proxies allow combating spam in real time, combining sender's behavior controls, providing legitimate users immediate feedback, eliminating a need for quarantine.
Statistical content filtering
Statistical (or Bayesian) filtering once set up, requires no administrative maintenance per se: instead, users mark messages as spam or nonspam and the filtering software learns from these judgements. Thus, a statistical filter does not reflect the software author's or administrator's biases as to content, but rather the user's biases. For example, a biochemist who is researching Viagra won't have messages containing the word "Viagra" automatically flagged as spam, because "Viagra" will show up often in his or her legitimate messages. Still, spam emails containing the word "Viagra" do get filtered because the content of the rest of the spam messages differs significantly from the content of legitimate messages. A statistical filter can also respond quickly to changes in spam content, without administrative intervention, as long as users consistently designate false negative messages as spam when received in their email. Statistical filters can also look at message headers, thereby considering not just the content but also peculiarities of the transport mechanism of the email.
Typical statistical filtering uses single words in the calculations to decide if a message should be classified as spam or not. A more powerful calculation can be made using groups of two or more words taken together. Then random "noise" words can not be used as successfully to fool the filter.
Software programs that implement statistical filtering include Bogofilter, DSPAM, SpamBayes, ASSP, the e-mail programs Mozilla and Mozilla Thunderbird, Mailwasher, and later revisions of SpamAssassin. Another interesting project is CRM114 which hashes phrases and does bayesian classification on the phrases.
There is also the free mail filter POPFile, which sorts mail in as many categories as the user wants (family, friends, co-worker, spam, whatever) with Bayesian filtering.
Research conferences
Spam is the subject of several research conferences, including:
Messaging Anti-Abuse Working Group
TREC (July 2007)
Conference on Email and Anti-Spam, August 2007
FTC Spam Summit, July 2007
MIT Spam Conference, March 2007
See also
MailChannels
References
Spam filtering |
Cenk İldem (; born January 5, 1986, in Şişli, Istanbul) is a male wrestler from Turkey competing in the 96 kg division of Greco-Roman style. He is a member of the İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi S.K., where he is coached by his father Hüseyin İldem.
Personal life
His father Hüseyin İldem was a wrestler of Greco-Romen style competing in the 74 kg division for the national team in the years 1980–90. Cenk İldem began with wrestling at the age of ten, with his father's encouragement. Hüseyin İldem coaches his son since then. Cenk's younger brother Kansu also competes in wrestling.
Cenk İldem studied physical education and sports at Niğde University. Since 2007, he serves as a teacher at Şişli Industrial Vocational High School in Istanbul.
He married in 2011.
Achievements
Cenk İldem is winner of several medals in junior and senior class at European as well as world level. He won the gold medal at the World Junior Wrestling Championships in 2006 held in Guatemala City, Guatemala. He became gold medalist at the 2005 European Junior Wrestling Championships held in Hungary and again in 2006 in Poland.
He won the bronze medal at the 2010 European Wrestling Championships in Baku, Azerbaijan and repeated his success in bronze at the 2013 European Wrestling Championships held in Tbilisi, Georgia.
He became bronze medalist at the 2011 World Wrestling Championships in Istanbul, Turkey.
Cenk İldem represented his country at the 2012 Summer Olympics without advancing to the finals.
At 2016 European Wrestling Championships he won bronze medal.
In 2019, he won the bronze medal in the men's Greco-Roman 97 kg event at the 2019 World Wrestling Championships held in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
In 2021, he won one of the bronze medals in the men's 97 kg event at the Matteo Pellicone Ranking Series 2021 held in Rome, Italy.
References
External links
Living people
1986 births
Turkish male sport wrestlers
Sportspeople from Istanbul
Olympic wrestlers for Turkey
Wrestlers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
People from Şişli
Niğde University alumni
Turkish schoolteachers
European Games medalists in wrestling
European Games bronze medalists for Turkey
Wrestlers at the 2015 European Games
World Wrestling Championships medalists
Wrestlers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Turkey
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic medalists in wrestling
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Turkey
Mediterranean Games medalists in wrestling
Competitors at the 2013 Mediterranean Games
Wrestlers at the 2019 European Games
European Wrestling Championships medalists
Wrestlers at the 2020 Summer Olympics
21st-century Turkish people |
Jennifer Baumgardner (born 1970) is a writer, activist, filmmaker, and lecturer whose work explores abortion, sex, bisexuality, rape, single parenthood, and women's power. From 2013 to 2017, she served as the Executive Director/Publisher at The Feminist Press at the City University of New York (CUNY), a feminist institution founded by Florence Howe in 1970.
She is most known for her contribution to the development of third-wave feminism.
Early and personal life
Baumgardner grew up in Fargo, North Dakota, the middle of three daughters. She attended Lawrence University in Appleton, Wisconsin, graduating in 1992. While at Lawrence, she helped organize an anti-war "Guerrilla Theater," led a feminist group on campus, and co-founded an alternative newspaper called The Other that focused on intersectional issues of liberation. She moved to New York City after graduation and in 1993 began working as an unpaid intern for Ms. magazine. By 1997 she had become the youngest editor at Ms.
While working at Ms., Baumgardner fell in love with a female intern, Anastasia. They broke up in 1996, but the relationship inspired her to write the memoir Look Both Ways: Bisexual Politics. In 1997 she began dating Amy Ray of the Indigo Girls; the couple broke up in 2002.
She currently lives in New York with her husband Michael and two sons, Skuli and Magnus.
Mid life
Baumgardner left Ms. in 1998 and began writing independently for magazines and news organizations, including the New York Times and NPR. She has since written for numerous magazines, including Glamour, The Nation, Babble, More, and Maxim. Her books include Manifesta: Young Women, Feminism and the Future, Grassroots: A Field Guide for Feminist Activism written with Amy Richards, and Look Both Ways: Bisexual Politics. In 2004 she produced the documentary film Speak Out: I Had an Abortion, which tells the story of ten women's abortion experiences from the 1920s to the present, including the reproductive justice architect Loretta Ross, feminist and journalist Gloria Steinem, and activist Florence Rice. She has written about purity balls (rituals celebrating virginity), Catholic hospitals taking over secular ones and eliminating their reproductive services, rape, and breastfeeding her friend's son.
Baumgardner's work has been featured on shows from The Oprah Winfrey Show to NPR's Talk of the Nation, as well as in the New York Times, BBC News Hour, Bitch, and various other venues. She has keynoted at more than 250 universities, organizations, and conferences, including the National Coalition of Abortion Providers, Amherst College, Take Back The Night UW-Madison, and the New Jersey Women and Gender Studies Consortium. In 2003, the Commonwealth Club of California hailed her in their centennial year as one of six "Visionaries for the 21st Century," commenting that "in her role as author and activist, [Jennifer has] permanently changed the way people think about feminism...and will shape the next 100 years of politics and culture."
Contribution to Third Wave Feminism
Through public appearances, books, articles, and film, Baumgardner promoted a positive, matter-of-fact, and accessible approach to speaking publicly about controversial issues—which she referred to as "common-but-silenced"—such as abortion, rape, and sexuality. Called "dependably attentive to the gray areas around divisive issues," this "simple" approach also elicits criticism of her work from feminists and other who find her "off-puttingly naive". In her 2009 collection of essays entitled F 'em: Goo Goo, Gaga, and Some Thoughts on Balls, Baumgardner described the Third Wave she helped to define and represent:
Overview of major works
Manifesta: Young Women, Feminism, and the Future (2000)
On October 4, 2000 Baumgardner and Amy Richards published their first co-authored book Manifesta: Young Women, Feminism and the Future. Speaking directly to young third wave feminists, Baumgardner and Richards wrote the book to inspire women of the current generation to consciously embrace the liberation of today while remembering the work of previous feminist generations, writing:
Consciousness among women is what caused this [change], and consciousness, one's ability to open their (sic) mind to the fact that male domination does affect the women of our generation, is what we need... The presence of feminism in our lives is taken for granted. For our generation, feminism is like fluoride. We scarcely notice we have it—it's simply in the water.
Prologue: A Day Without Feminism
In the prologue of Manifesta, the two authors recall the most vital achievements of women's liberation, which can be credited to the 2nd Wave of Feminists of the 1960s, 70s and 80s. Both of the authors, Baumgardner and Richards, were profoundly influenced by feminism from an early age, as both of their mothers took part in consciousness-raising groups, and Baumgardner's went even further to participate in the staged laundry strikes. So both of these authors are asking the audience to figuratively jump on a time machine and go back to the 1970s for a day. The purpose of this is to see exactly what the 2nd Wave feminists have succeeded in changing in a male-dominant patriarchal society, and what so many now take for granted - including the 3rd Wave feminists.
The authors are aiming their point towards all future feminists (particularly 3rd wave), who are often in conflict with the previous generation of feminists. The tension comes from the belief that 2nd Wave is exclusively white-middle class and over essentialist in the view of femininity. This conflict has led to an almost ideological split between the two factions, but Manifesta's prologue allows for the justification of the 2nd wave's actions. If 2nd Wave feminists not precipitated society to what it was for the 3rd Wave feminists, who knows how the power struggle might have unfolded. This is not taking away anything from the authors' identified group—the 3rd Wave feminists, it is just reminding all of the current feminists, not to criticize what they do not completely know or understand. The accomplishments of the previous generations can never be taken for granted, their success came from radical action which pushed the limits in every segment of society. They did what was deemed reasonably possible, and what the white-male patriarchal society would accept. From their success sprouts and blossoms another movement—the 3rd wave. Society was ready for this movement, people were ready to change the norms of white-male dominance, hence 3rd Wave can manifest in the success of the 2nd Wave, not treat it as its enemy. The two authors just want more harmony within the bigger picture.
Throughout the book the authors traces feminism's evolution from the First Wave suffragette movement to the Third Wave feminism of today, all the while encouraging readers to continue the feminist fight of previous generations.
Who are feminists and what is feminism?
Baumgardner and Richards ask the fundamental but often overlooked questions, "who are the feminists?" and "what is feminism?" They cut to the foundational questions framing contemporary and past feminist movements in order to expose the stereotypes, inaccuracies, or misconceptions that derail and devalue the movement. This goal not only contributes to an established canon of third-wave feminist literature, but also makes the movement more appealing to young women who are misled by negative or stereotypical media and popular culture representations of feminism. They start with foundational definitions of what feminism means to them, invoking politically and socially conscious women and men. They clarify that there is no one formal alliance composed of "the feminists," but instead, feminism is a fluid alliance among individual citizens. This definition displays the differences between how a movement may appear on the surface—cohesive and homogeneous—and how it actually is internally. This disparity may be positive, and lend weight to feminist struggles, but it may also be negative, when the movement as a whole is judged based on the actions of one or a few individual(s). The authors argue that the latter disparity demonstrates the oppressed status of women and feminist activists, as a whole group is easily reduced to one or a few individuals, particularly in media, which disseminates this incomplete illusion.
The authors use matter of fact language to address their next question: what exactly is feminism? Feminism is not only a movement for social, political, and economic equality among men and women, but also requires the freedom to access information and education. Race and ethnicity are key to the modern feminist movement. This natural partnership also invokes the fight for gay rights. Feminism involves men and women of diverse ethnicities and sexual orientations united with the goal to liberate all individuals. It is a movement with the very clear goals of social and political change. This change is epitomized by engagement with government and the law, in addition to broader societal norms and practices. Beyond this foundational definition of feminism, there exists ample elasticity for women to define feminism according to their personal experiences. Because the lived experiences of women are so diverse, feminism itself must accommodate for these differences.
However, because of this fluidity, some modern women in prominent leadership positions have uneasy public relationships with feminism. The authors cite the example of G. E. executive Sam Allison, who sits on the board of The Women's Center in Milwaukee, and claims that she is not a feminist, she is just an "advocate to end violence against women." The modern-day example would be Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg proclaiming that her book, Lean In, "is not a feminist manifesto — okay, it is sort of a feminist manifesto" (Hoedel, 2013, para. 10). These are two examples of the authors' assertions that issues separated from their feminist roots become depoliticized, and the fundamental causes of a particular societal problem are obscured. For example, the problem for Sandberg is an absence of women "leaning in" to positions of workplace leadership. This and other issues of economic development need to unequivocally identified as feminist issues in order to be dealt with equitably and effectively.
Grassroots: A Field Guide for Feminist Activism (2004)
After the critical and commercial success of Manifesta Baumgardner co-authored yet another book with Amy Richards entitled Grassroots: A Field Guide for Feminist Activism which was published in January, 2005. The purpose of the book was to provide a "handbook" for social activism and to help readers answer the social justice question: What can I do? Based on the authors' own experiences, and the stories of both the large number of activists they work with as well as the countless everyday people they have encountered over the years, Grassroots encourages people to move beyond the "generic three" (check writing, contacting congressional representatives, and volunteering) and make a difference with clear guidelines and models for activism. The authors draw heavily on individual stories as examples, inspiring readers to recognize the tools right in front of them—be it the office copier or the family living room—in order to make change. Activism is accessible to all, and Grassroots shows how anyone, no matter how much or little time they have to offer, can create a world that more clearly reflects their values.
Look Both Ways: Bisexual Politics (2007)
On February 20, 2007, Baumgardner published Look Both Ways: Bisexual Politics, the first book she had written without the co-authorship of Amy Richards. In Look Both Ways, Baumgardner takes a close look at the growing visibility of gay and bisexual characters, performers, and issues on the national cultural stage. Despite the prevalence of bisexuality among Generation X and Y women, she finds that it continues to be marginalized by both gay and straight cultures, and dismissed either as a phase or a cop-out. Woven in between her cultural commentary, Baumgardner discusses her own experience as a bisexual, and the struggle she's undergone to reconcile the privilege she's garnered as a woman who is perceived as straight and the empowerment and satisfaction she's derived from her relationships with women.
The book was a finalist for the Lambda Literary Award for Bisexual Literature.
Abortion & Life (2008)
In October 2008, Baumgardner published Abortion & Life (Akashic), which attempted to reckon with the unease that even people within pro-choice circles feel about abortion with personal portraits, chapters on history, and an assertion that one could be pro-life and a feminist. Noted for its candor and lack of defensiveness, the book stated that "abortion is the result, not the cause, of social problems."
Activism
Soapbox, Inc. Speakers Who Speak Out
Soapbox, Inc. is a non-profit feminist organization started by Baumgardner and Amy Richards in 2002. Baumgardner and Richards formed the organization with the purpose of providing a national platform for spreading their activist message. Since its creation in 2002 Soapbox, Inc. has come to represent dozens of authors, scholars, speakers, and artists at the forefront of feminist politics, and has developed a client base of more than 500 schools and organizations, including Planned Parenthood, St. Thomas University, Unitarian Universalist Association, University of Pennsylvania, and Shoreline Community College.
In 2007, they devised an innovative way of "bringing the campus to the speakers" with the creation of Soapbox Feminist Boot Camps . These week-long intensives immerse participants (of all ages and genders) in the practice of feminism and exposes the myriad of issues, approaches, organizations, and individuals that are the lifeblood of the movement. Currently these boot camps are the largest feminist immersion programs in the country.
The "I Had an Abortion" Project (2004)
In 2004, Baumgardner created the "I Had an Abortion" project to encourage women (and men) to "come out" about their procedures. The campaign included t-shirts that said "I had an abortion," a film (made with Gillian Aldrich) documenting women's stories of abortion, a book, and a photo exhibit. The film features ten different women—one of which being famous feminist Gloria Steinem—openly speaking about their abortion experiences spanning over seven decades from the years prior to Roe vs. Wade to present day.
On the "I Had an Abortion" film website Baumgardner writes about her involvement with the campaign, saying:
The "It Was Rape" Project (2008)
After the success of the "I Had an Abortion" campaign Baumgardner began spearheading the "I Was Raped" project in 2008. She later changed the name to "It was Rape." Modeled after the 2004 abortion campaign, the project encouraged men and women to "come out" about their experiences with sexual assault, and included the production and distribution of "I was raped" t-shirts and a 2013 film, It Was Rape, documenting the stories of individuals who had experienced sexual assault in their lifetimes.
In a 2008 interview with Scarleteen, Baumgardner spoke about the campaign, remarking "The 'It Was Rape' Project is a documentary, t-shirt campaign, and resources designed to A) highlight the prevalence of rape in our culture and B) interrupt the silence and shame that surrounds it. The goal of this project is to add nuance to the cultural conversation around rape. The reality of rape is more subtle than the preconceptions suggest. The act of rape—as well as the emotions and reactions of the raped—fall somewhere outside of the black-and-white roles of perpetrator and victim. The current things we have in place for justice are also inadequate, since the vast majority of rape victims don't want to or choose not to press charges. The aim of this documentary is to highlight these issues, as well as to give rape survivors a voice."
Personal life
She lives in New York City with her husband, two sons, and two cats.
Selected bibliography
Books
Baumgardner, Jennifer; Kunin, Madeleine M.. (2013). We Do: American Leaders who Believe in Marriage Equality: Akashic Books.
Films
Speak Out: I Had an Abortion (2005) Co-Producer
It Was Rape (2013) Director, Producer
Articles
See also
The left and feminism
New social movements
References
External links
Official website
The Third Wave Foundation
Interview with Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards
Activist Mamas: An Interview With Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards article by Amy Anderson in mamazine published January 15, 2006
Looking both ways with Jennifer Baumgardner article by Mandy Van Deven in feministing published April 16, 2007
Look Both Ways: Baumgardner Makes Bisexuality Visible article by Eleanor J. Bader in AlterNet published March 7, 2007
All women are bi like me, journalist says book review by Susan Comninos in the San Francisco Chronicle published March 4, 2007
Can You Be a Feminist and Anti-Abortion? article by Mandy Van Deven in AlterNet published September 25, 2008
Jennifer Baumgardner papers at the Sophia Smith Collections, Smith College Special Collections
1970 births
American feminists
Bisexual feminists
Bisexual women writers
Lawrence University alumni
LGBT people from North Dakota
Living people
Writers from New York City
Writers from Fargo, North Dakota
American women writers
Fourth-wave feminism
21st-century American women writers
American bisexual writers
21st-century American women academics |
Simon McTavish (born July 19, 1996) is a Canadian male sprint kayaker. Born in Oakville, Ontario, Simon McTavish moved with his family to Sydney, Australia where he began paddling in 2011 at the age of 14. He represented Australia for 7 years from 2012 to 2018 on Olympic Hopes, Junior, U23 and Senior Teams. After successful international results in 2018, winning medals for Australia at the U23 World Championships and the FISU World University Games, the opportunity presented itself to return home to Canada and Simon jumped at it.
In 2019, at the conclusion of his Project Management Degree at the University of Sydney, Simon moved back to Canada and secured his spot on the Canadian National Team in May at the Olympic Basin in Montreal, Canada, winning the k1 1000m and the k4 500m races. In 2019 he qualified an Olympic quota spot for Canada at the World Championships in Szeged, Hungary with his teammates Mark de Jonge, Pierre Luc Poulin, and Nicholas Matveev in the K4 500m. Simon went on to fulfil his dream of competing for Canada at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, taking place in August 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Since moving to Canada Simon has represented the Mississauga Canoe Club domestically earning 11 National Championship titles to his name. Simon currently defends the national champion title across all K1 distances in Canada.
At the 2022 World Championship taking in Dartmouth, Canada Simon placed 4th in the K1 5000m, 5th in the k4 500m, and 10th in the K2 500m races. He then went on to finish his 2022 season at the Pan American Championships with a 1st place in the K4 500m, 1st place in the k1 500m, and 2nd place in the k1 1000m races.
Career
In May 2021, McTavish was named to Canada's 2020 Olympic team.
References
1996 births
Australian male canoeists
Canadian male canoeists
Living people
Sportspeople from Oakville, Ontario
Canoeists at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic canoeists for Canada |
Eugnosta telemacana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Brazil (Parana).
The wingspan is about 20 mm. The ground colour of the posterior portion of the wing is snow white, with grey lines and costal spots. The hindwings are brownish with dark brown diffuse strigulation.
References
Moths described in 2007
Eugnosta |
The 1989–90 Alabama Crimson Tide men's basketball team represented the University of Alabama in the 1989-90 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team's head coach was Wimp Sanderson, who was in his tenth season at Alabama. The team played their home games at Coleman Coliseum in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. They finished the season with a record of 26–9, 12–6 in conference, good for second behind Georgia.
The Tide lost Michael Ansley and Alvin Lee to graduation, but plenty of talent remained in Robert Horry, David Benoit, Keith Askins, and Melvin Cheatum.
The Tide won the 1990 SEC men's basketball tournament, their second straight SEC tournament title, beating Ole Miss in the final and earning another automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. The Tide advanced all the way to the Sweet 16, defeating Colorado State and Arizona before losing to Loyola Marymount.
Roster
Rankings
References
Alabama Crimson Tide men's basketball seasons
Alabama
Alabama
1989 in sports in Alabama
1990 in sports in Alabama |
Richard Weston "Wes" Retherford (born March 14, 1984) is a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives. He represented the 51st district which comprises Ross Township, Hamilton and Fairfield, all located in Butler County, Ohio.
Life and career
Retherford is a lifelong resident of Butler County and a graduate of Talawanda High School. Following high school, he enlisted in the United States Marine Corps and served until 2004.
Currently, Retherford is employed as a mortician's assistant. He lives in Hamilton, Ohio with his wife and two children.
Ohio House of Representatives
In 2012, Retherford opted to run for an open seat in the Ohio House of Representatives to succeed Courtney Combs who was term limited. Unopposed in the Republican primary, he went on to defeat Democrat Mark Hardig in the general election with 56.66% of the vote.
In January 2013, Retherford announced that he had been assigned to the following House Standing Committees: Insurance, Agriculture and Natural Resources, and Military and Veteran Affairs.
He was also elected by his peers to serve as the Vice-Chairman of the bipartisan House Veteran's Caucus.
Arrest
On March 12, 2017 Retherford was arrested after being reported to police for passing out in his car at a McDonald's drive-thru. Retherford was charged with "improperly handling a firearm in a motor vehicle, a felony, and operating a vehicle while under the influence, a first-degree misdemeanor."
The Butler County Sheriff's Office released the 911 call made that led to Retherford's arrest, who was allegedly passed out in his Chevy Silverado as it was running in the drive-thru of a McDonald's in Liberty Twp.
A woman, who was with her daughter, called for law enforcement at 3:23 a.m. Sunday, March 12, 2017. The caller said the man, later identified as Retherford, was sitting in the drive-thru and "he's not even up to where he orders. He's just sitting there."
The incident report states Retherford had a Glock model 23 with 15 40-caliber rounds in a magazine and one round in the chamber in his vehicle. The weapon was holstered inside a compartment underneath the center armrest.
Retherford was transported to the Ohio State Highway Patrol post to take a breathalyzer test, which he refused. He was then transported to the Butler County Jail.
References
External links
Retherford for State Representative campaign site
1984 births
Living people
Republican Party members of the Ohio House of Representatives
Politicians from Hamilton, Ohio
United States Marines
21st-century American politicians |
Luis Miguel Leal is a Venezuelan Latin Grammy Award-winner music video director.
Leal is part of Salto Ángel Media, along César Rodríguez and Jorge Barboza. Leal was awarded the Latin Grammy for Best Short Form Music Video at the 8th Latin Grammy Awards for directing "Ven a Mi Casa Esta Navidad" by Venezuelan band Voz Veis. The video was created during a very problematic time for the members of the production company, according to producer Jorge Barboza. In a creative meeting "we thought it was nicer to show what Christmas is: try to take out the child we all have inside. Each image and frame in the video stands for moments that marked our christmases," Barboza stated. In a following meeting they decide that the video should be animated, launching a casting for cartoonists. The coloring was led by Tamara Hadeed. The video was eventually given a 3D treatment, including animations of the band members of which only the faces were taken and integrated into existing images. Leal is brother of a member of Voz Veis and was involved in all the music videos created for the band.
Leal directed "Corazón Sin Cara" for Puerto-Rican singer Prince Royce. Music producer Sergio George contacted Salto Ángel Media to produce and direct a second version for the video, which was simpler than the work the production company usually does. The Venezuelan model Albany Blanco was hired to star in the video. "Corazón Sin Cara" earned the "Favorite Video Award" at the Premios Juventud in 2011. The song also ended the year as the best-performing Latin single in the United States according to Billboard magazine. Elvis Crespo recorded "Quítame la Camisa" with the band Montecarlo in 2012. The music video for the song was directed by Leal.
He has lately worked into fictional films with his opera prima "The Case Against Mr. Sheppard", in 2018 where he joined back with producer and writer Jorge Barboza to create a 12-minute thriller that was shown in Film Festivals around the world.
References
Living people
Music video directors
Latin Grammy Award winners
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Dutton Animal Book Award was an American literary award established in 1963 by publisher E. P. Dutton to recognize a previously unpublished work of fiction or non-fiction relating to animals. The reward for the winner was a $7,500 to $15,000 advanced against royalties after publication of the book by Dutton. The award was inspired by the success of Gavin Maxwell's Ring of Bright Water (1960), the story of two otters. The award was presented between 1963 and 1969; there was a 6-year hiatus with one more award presented in 1975.
Winners
1963: Sterling North, Rascal
1964: Robert William Murphy, The Pond
1965: Walt Morey, Gentle Ben
1966: Faith McNulty, The Whooping Crane: The Bird That Defies Extinction
1967: Daniel P. Mannix, The Fox and the Hound
1968: Walt Morey, Kävik the Wolf Dog
1969: Sterling North, The Wolfling
1970–74: no award
1975: Dayton Hyde, Strange Companion
References
Awards established in 1963
Awards disestablished in 1975
Literary awards honoring unpublished books or writers
American fiction awards
American non-fiction literary awards
Animal characters in literature
E. P. Dutton |
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/////////1/////////2/////////3/////////4/////////5/////////6/////////7/////////8
// basic_text_iprimitive.hpp
// Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software
// path_to_url
// See path_to_url for updates, documentation, and revision history.
// archives stored as text - note these are templated on the basic
// stream templates to accommodate wide (and other?) kind of characters
//
// Note the fact that on libraries without wide characters, ostream is
// not a specialization of basic_ostream which in fact is not defined
// in such cases. So we can't use basic_ostream<IStream::char_type> but rather
// use two template parameters
#include <locale>
#include <cstddef> // size_t
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#if defined(BOOST_NO_STDC_NAMESPACE)
namespace std{
using ::size_t;
#if ! defined(BOOST_DINKUMWARE_STDLIB) && ! defined(__SGI_STL_PORT)
using ::locale;
#endif
} // namespace std
#endif
#include <boost/io/ios_state.hpp>
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_DINKUMWARE_STDLIB, == 1)
#include <boost/archive/dinkumware.hpp>
#endif
#include <boost/serialization/throw_exception.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/codecvt_null.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/archive_exception.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/basic_streambuf_locale_saver.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/detail/abi_prefix.hpp> // must be the last header
namespace boost {
namespace archive {
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// class basic_text_iarchive - load serialized objects from a input text stream
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning( push )
#pragma warning( disable : 4244 4267 )
#endif
template<class IStream>
class BOOST_SYMBOL_VISIBLE basic_text_iprimitive {
protected:
IStream &is;
io::ios_flags_saver flags_saver;
io::ios_precision_saver precision_saver;
#ifndef BOOST_NO_STD_LOCALE
// note order! - if you change this, libstd++ will fail!
// a) create new locale with new codecvt facet
// b) save current locale
// c) change locale to new one
// d) use stream buffer
// e) change locale back to original
// f) destroy new codecvt facet
boost::archive::codecvt_null<typename IStream::char_type> codecvt_null_facet;
std::locale archive_locale;
basic_istream_locale_saver<
typename IStream::char_type,
typename IStream::traits_type
> locale_saver;
#endif
template<class T>
void load(T & t)
{
if(is >> t)
return;
boost::serialization::throw_exception(
archive_exception(archive_exception::input_stream_error)
);
}
void load(char & t)
{
short int i;
load(i);
t = i;
}
void load(signed char & t)
{
short int i;
load(i);
t = i;
}
void load(unsigned char & t)
{
unsigned short int i;
load(i);
t = i;
}
#ifndef BOOST_NO_INTRINSIC_WCHAR_T
void load(wchar_t & t)
{
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(wchar_t) <= sizeof(int));
int i;
load(i);
t = i;
}
#endif
BOOST_ARCHIVE_OR_WARCHIVE_DECL
basic_text_iprimitive(IStream &is, bool no_codecvt);
BOOST_ARCHIVE_OR_WARCHIVE_DECL
~basic_text_iprimitive();
public:
BOOST_ARCHIVE_OR_WARCHIVE_DECL void
load_binary(void *address, std::size_t count);
};
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning( pop )
#endif
} // namespace archive
} // namespace boost
#include <boost/archive/detail/abi_suffix.hpp> // pop pragmas
#endif // BOOST_ARCHIVE_BASIC_TEXT_IPRIMITIVE_HPP
``` |
Ejby is a suburb in greater Copenhagen in Glostrup Municipality, lying between Glostrup and Skovlunde. The municipality had a population of 22,357 as of 2015. It is located about from the city center of Copenhagen.
Ejby will have a station on the Greater Copenhagen Light Rail line which is due to open in 2025.
References
Copenhagen metropolitan area
Glostrup Municipality |
Quadrangle Development Corporation is a privately held, vertically integrated real estate development company based in Washington, D.C., in the United States. By 2002, it was one of the largest real estate developers in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. As of April 2011, the company owned 83 properties (consisting of apartment buildings, condominiums, hotels, and office buildings) totaling and worth $8.4 billion.
History
Quadrangle Development Corporation was founded in 1971 by Robert Gladstone and James R. Crozier. The company originally focused on constructing apartment complexes, but after a few years began erecting office buildings and hotels.
Among the many projects which Quadrangle Development Corporation has been involved in are:
The JW Marriott Hotel Washington in 1979.
The Shops at National Place and the National Theatre, which were part of the redevelopment of Pennsylvania Avenue NW in the late 1970s and the early 1980s.
The Grand Hyatt Washington in 1987.
The Washington Center Office office building at 1001 G Street NW in 1989.
Hyatt Regency Chesapeake Bay Golf Resort, Spa & Marina near Annapolis, Maryland, in 2001. This site includes the River Marsh Golf Course.
MedImmune Inc. headquarters in Gaithersburg, Maryland, in 2003.
The Hilton Baltimore in 2008.
Towers Crescent mixed-use development at Tysons Corner, Virginia, in 2009.
Mount Vernon Place, a mixed-use development at Mount Vernon Triangle in Washington, D.C. (under construction as of October 2012).
Washington Marriott Marquis, an 1,175-room "headquarters hotel" next to the Walter E. Washington Convention Center in Washington, D.C. (Opened May 1, 2014).
In December 2014, Chairman Robert Gladstone died at his home in Washington, D.C.
References
External links
Quadrangle Development Corporation official Web site
Privately held companies based in Washington, D.C.
1971 establishments in Washington, D.C.
1971 establishments in the United States
Real estate companies established in 1971
Real estate companies of the United States
Commercial real estate companies
Private equity portfolio companies |
Cho Ha-La (born 21 March 1988) is a South Korean table tennis player. Her highest career ITTF ranking was 115.
References
1988 births
Living people
South Korean female table tennis players
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century South Korean women |
Clerodendrum schmidtii is an Asian species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. C. schmidtii is found throughout Indo-China; in Vietnam it may be called ngọc nữ Schmidt.
References
External links
schmidtii
Flora of Indo-China |
```html
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<meta name="generator" content="rustdoc">
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<meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, nan">
<title>edn::parse::nan - Rust</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../normalize.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../rustdoc.css"
id="mainThemeStyle">
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<body class="rustdoc fn">
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This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky
things.
</div>
<![endif]-->
<nav class="sidebar">
<div class="sidebar-menu">☰</div>
<div class="sidebar-elems"><p class='location'><a href='../index.html'>edn</a>::<wbr><a href='index.html'>parse</a></p><script>window.sidebarCurrent = {name: 'nan', ty: 'fn', relpath: ''};</script><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div>
</nav>
<div class="theme-picker">
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autocomplete="off"
placeholder="Click or press S to search, ? for more options"
type="search">
</div>
</form>
</nav>
<section id='main' class="content"><h1 class='fqn'><span class='in-band'>Function <a href='../index.html'>edn</a>::<wbr><a href='index.html'>parse</a>::<wbr><a class="fn" href=''>nan</a></span><span class='out-of-band'><span id='render-detail'>
<a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">
[<span class='inner'>−</span>]
</a>
</span><a class='srclink' href='../../src/edn/Users/emilytoop/Development/mentat/target/release/build/edn-4b460cc3bba30275/out/edn.rs.html#367' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h1><pre class='rust fn'>pub fn nan<'input>(__input: &'input <a class="primitive" href="path_to_url">str</a>) -> <a class="type" href="../../edn/parse/type.ParseResult.html" title="type edn::parse::ParseResult">ParseResult</a><<a class="enum" href="../../edn/types/enum.SpannedValue.html" title="enum edn::types::SpannedValue">SpannedValue</a>></pre></section>
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<aside id="help" class="hidden">
<div>
<h1 class="hidden">Help</h1>
<div class="shortcuts">
<h2>Keyboard Shortcuts</h2>
<dl>
<dt><kbd>?</kbd></dt>
<dd>Show this help dialog</dd>
<dt><kbd>S</kbd></dt>
<dd>Focus the search field</dd>
<dt><kbd></kbd></dt>
<dd>Move up in search results</dd>
<dt><kbd></kbd></dt>
<dd>Move down in search results</dd>
<dt><kbd></kbd></dt>
<dd>Switch tab</dd>
<dt><kbd>⏎</kbd></dt>
<dd>Go to active search result</dd>
<dt><kbd>+</kbd></dt>
<dd>Expand all sections</dd>
<dt><kbd>-</kbd></dt>
<dd>Collapse all sections</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="infos">
<h2>Search Tricks</h2>
<p>
Prefix searches with a type followed by a colon (e.g.
<code>fn:</code>) to restrict the search to a given type.
</p>
<p>
Accepted types are: <code>fn</code>, <code>mod</code>,
<code>struct</code>, <code>enum</code>,
<code>trait</code>, <code>type</code>, <code>macro</code>,
and <code>const</code>.
</p>
<p>
Search functions by type signature (e.g.
<code>vec -> usize</code> or <code>* -> vec</code>)
</p>
</div>
</div>
</aside>
<script>
window.rootPath = "../../";
window.currentCrate = "edn";
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<script src="../../main.js"></script>
<script defer src="../../search-index.js"></script>
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``` |
This is a list of ARIA club chart number-one hits from 2001, which is collected from Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) from weekly DJ reports.
Chart
Number-one artists
See also
ARIA Charts
List of number-one singles of 2001 (Australia)
List of number-one albums of 2001 (Australia)
2001 in music
References
2001 Club
Australia Club Chart
2001 in Australian music |
Clamor may refer to:
Clamor (magazine), a bi-monthly magazine published in Toledo, Ohio |
The 1995 St. Louis Rams season was the team's 58th year with the National Football League (NFL) and the first of 21 seasons in St. Louis. They started the season at Busch Memorial Stadium before their new venue, the Trans World Dome, opened mid-season. The Rams looked to start their tenure in St. Louis strong by improving on their 4–12 record from 1994. In their first game in St. Louis, the Rams beat the New Orleans Saints, 17–13, and ultimately got off to a 4–0 start, leading the NFC West and looked poised to make a statement in the NFC. However, the team struggled later in the season. In week 8, the Rams were pounded, 44–10, by the dominant 49ers at home. Following this loss, the team could not recover, as they only won two more games for the remainder of the season. Ultimately, the Rams slumped to a 7–9 record and missed the playoffs for the sixth consecutive season. This would be the only time between 1990 and 1998 the Rams did not finish a season with double-digit losses. This was also the Rams best finish until 1999 when they finished 13-3 and went on to win that year's Super Bowl.
Offseason
NFL Draft
Personnel
Staff
Roster
Regular season
Schedule
Standings
References
External links
1995 St. Louis Rams at Pro-Football-Reference.com
St Louis Rams Season, 1995
St. Louis Rams seasons
St Lou |
The 2011 Beijing Guoan F.C. season was their 8th consecutive season in the Chinese Super League, established in the 2004, and 21st consecutive season in the top flight of Chinese football. They competed at the Chinese Super League and Chinese FA Cup.
First team
As of July 8, 2011
Transfers
Winter
In:
Out:
Summer
In:
Out:
Competitions
Chinese Super League
Chinese FA Cup
References
Beijing Guoan F.C. seasons
Chinese football clubs 2011 season |
The International Marinelife Alliance (IMA) is a non-profit organization for marine conservation. It is based in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.
Activities
The International Marinelife Alliance was established in 1985. Its philosophy includes:
Fishers and fishing communities must be at the centre of marine conservation efforts.
Market forces rule the reefs, and market transformation must be a part of saving them.
Governments must be a key partner in coral reef conservation.
Marine conservation efforts must be founded on good science.
Since its foundation the institution devoted most of its attention to monitoring and combating the widespread use of cyanide to capture live reef fish in the Philippines, Indonesia and other countries. In early 1990s, Destructive Fishing Reform Initiative (DFRI) was initiated to ensure that the remaining reefs of the Pacific Region do not fall prey to destruction from the cyanide-based fishery. In 1999, IMA organized preliminary field expertise of the live reef fish trade in Ha Long Bay and Nha Trang in Vietnam responding the request for assistance from the Vietnamese Government (Ministry of Fisheries). Later the Alliance signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Institute for Fisheries Economics and Planning (IFEP) of the Vietnam Ministry of Fisheries for a cooperative program aiming to prevent destructive fishing, conserve marine resources and strengthen the monitoring in the live reef fish trade in Vietnam.
References
Organizations established in 1985
Environmental organisations based in Bangladesh
Marine conservation organizations
Fish conservation organizations
Organisations based in Cox's Bazar
1985 establishments in Bangladesh |
Asbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Herrstein-Rhaunen, whose seat is in Herrstein.
Geography
Location
The municipality lies on the Hinterbach in the transitional zone between the Kempfelder Hochmulde (“high hollow”) and the Idar-Soon-Pforte (“gate”) east of the Idarwald (forest, part of the Hunsrück). The village's elevation is from 460 to 480 m above sea level.
Land use
Former agricultural uses of the municipality's rather nutrient-poor soil were mainly rye, oats, barley and root vegetables. The hollows are used as grassland on mainly gley and podzol soils. The sandy, nutrient-poor soils on the quartzite outliers of the Schwarzwälder Hochwald (forest) are used as woodlots.
Constituent communities
South of the main village lies the outlying centre of Asbacherhütte (“Asbach Ironworks”), which traces its beginnings to an iron-smelting complex. The most noteworthy building here is the former Böcking manor house. The Deutsche Edelsteinstraße (“German Gemstone Road”) leads through Asbacherhütte.
Neighbouring municipalities
Asbach's neighbours are Hellertshausen, Weiden, Hottenbach, Mörschied, Kempfeld and Schauren, all of which also lie in the Birkenfeld district.
History
In the wedge of woodland between the two deep dales, scattered remnants of a number of barrows bear witness to very early human habitation going back as far as the Hunsrück-Eifel Culture in La Tène times. In the more recent past, the Asbach Ironworks down below on the Fischbach played an important rôle as a regional hub for iron smelting in the early industrial revolution. This hammermill, which was expanded in 1743 by the sons of the Sulzbach smith, Johann Nikolaus Stumm, became the groundwork of the Saarland metal industry. Related to the later Barons of Stumm, the legendary “Iron Barons”, were the Böckings. In 1835, Rudolf Heinrich Böcking (1810-1871) inherited the ironworks.
The StummBöcking’sches Herrenhaus (“Stumm-Böcking manor house”) and the other buildings at Asbacherhütte are nowadays home to handicapped people.
Until administrative restructuring in Rhineland-Palatinate in 1969, this Hunsrück village belonged to the Amt of Kempfeld in the now abolished Bernkastel district, whose seat was at Bernkastel-Kues.
Politics
Municipal council
The council is made up of 6 council members, who were elected by majority vote at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.
Mayor
Asbach's mayor is Peter Ackermann.
Coat of arms
The municipality's arms might be described thus: Per bend vert a timber-frame building with a ridge turret argent with members, windows and door sable, and Or a lion rampant gules armed and langued azure.
Culture and sightseeing
Buildings
The following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate’s Directory of Cultural Monuments:
Hauptstraße, graveyard – R. H. Böcking tomb, sandstone stele with relief and acroteria, 1871 by E. Renard, Cologne
At Hauptstraße 12 – portal, marked 1878
Hauptstraße 14 – stately house, partly timber-frame, partly slated, mansard roof, late 18th century; commercial building
Hauptstraße 21 – belltower; timber-frame building, 1867; inside gristmill, seed cleaning machine, fruit press
In der Treib 1 – stately house, 1848
In der Treib 10 – estate complex along the street, after 1873
Asbacherhütte, south of the village (monumental zone) – from the former ironworks where ore was smelted and further worked (1721 to 1872), two dwelling and administration buildings joined in a row, 18th century; deaconry institute that grew out of this: Haus „Eben Ezer“ (main house in the row with hipped mansard roof 1755, hinder part from the 18th century, further floor added in the 19th century), Haus „Grüne Aue“ (villalike, asymmetrical building, partly plastered or slated, towards 1907), landscaped garden with fencing and course of the Asbach, 19th century
Economy and infrastructure
Until the 1970s, the village was wholly characterized by agriculture. But for an agate-grinding shop and an agricultural machinist’s operation, all households were more or less active in agriculture, although many only did so on the side. After a complete overhaul in the village’s structure, which also manifested itself in the late 1990s in the form of a thorough Flurbereinigung, there is now only one fulltime agricultural operation. For more than 25 years now there has been an agricultural processing plant, working under strict ecological rules, turning out high-quality products from its own farm. These are sold at markets in the surrounding area and also at the farm itself.
In the early 1990s, a village renewal scheme was carefully undertaken to improve infrastructure. These measures, funded through cost-sharing, were at first opposed by many villagers owing to the great financial burden. It soon became clear, however, that there was no alternative. The village renewal was finished with the building of a village community centre.
A few newer houses have also sprung up in the lower village as a result of a small building development zone that was opened up.
In Asbacherhütte is found a clinical-paedagogical institute run by the deaconry of Bad Kreuznach as a home for handicapped people who need minimal assistance.
Transport
To the south runs Bundesstraße 422. The nearest railway station is at Idar-Oberstein. On weekdays, Omnibus-Verkehr Rhein Nahe bus route 345 runs through Asbach, as well as several journeys of route 351. Asbach belongs to the Rhein-Nahe-Nahverkehrsverbund (“Rhine-Nahe Local Transport Network”)
Famous people
Sons and daughters of the town
Eduard Mayer, (b. 17 August 1812 in Asbacherhütte; d. 1881 in Bad Aibling), sculptor
References
External links
Asbach in the collective municipality’s webpages
Brief portrait of Asbach with film at SWR Fernsehen (broadcast from 28 July 2010)
Birkenfeld (district) |
Örn Árnason (born 19 June 1959) is an Icelandic actor, comedian and screenwriter, best known as a member of the comedy group Spaugstofan. He has starred in a number of films and television series since the 1980s, as well as acting in the National Theatre of Iceland. He is noted for his satirical portrayals of public figures, including former Icelandic Prime Minister Davíð Oddsson. Örn hosted the children's morning program Með Afa on Stöð 2. He is the son of actor Árni Tryggvason.
Selected filmography
Bjarnfreðarson (2009)
Stella í framboði (2002)
Stikkfrí (1997)
Stuttur frakki (1993)
Karlakórinn Hekla (1992)
Magnús (1989)
Stella í orlofi (1986)
LazyTown (2007)
References
External links
Arnason, Orn
Arnason, Orn
Icelandic male film actors
Icelandic male stage actors
Icelandic male television actors |
Eshkaft Shah-e Sofla (, also Romanized as Eshkaft Shāh-e Soflá; also known as Eshkaft Shāh-e Pā’īn) is a village in Kuh Mareh Khami Rural District, in the Central District of Basht County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 61, in 16 families.
References
Populated places in Basht County |
Andreas Steier (born 7 January 1972) is a German engineer and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Rhineland-Palatinate from 2017 to 2021.
Political career
Steier became a member of the Bundestag in the 2017 German federal election. In parliament, he was a member of the Committee on Education, Research and Technology Assessment. In this capacity, he served as his parliamentary group's rapporteur on artificial intelligence.
References
External links
Bundestag biography
1972 births
Living people
Members of the Bundestag for Rhineland-Palatinate
Members of the Bundestag 2017–2021
Members of the Bundestag for the Christian Democratic Union of Germany |
Beast is a 1991 novel by Peter Benchley, the author of Jaws.
Plot
A fishing community in Bermuda is disrupted by a series of mysterious disappearances at sea. Veteran fisherman Whip Darling suspects the truth, and after discovering two large hooks advises confidant Marcus Sharpe, a local Navy pilot, that the culprit is Architeuthis dux: a giant squid.
A marine biologist called Talley also guesses the truth after the latest disaster, and convinces the millionaire father (Manning) of two of the victims to fund a hunt for the creature. The local mayor attempts to overrule all parties and participates in an exploratory mission on a mini-submarine, but is killed when the creature destroys the vessel. Darling's crewmate also perishes.
Although reluctant to participate any further, Darling is blackmailed when Manning assumes ownership of his outstanding mortgage. Darling, Sharpe, Talley and Manning embark on a new hunt, although Manning is later killed in an accident. The creature is attracted by hormones Talley cultivated from a dead giant squid, and threatens to sink their vessel. Darling wounds the creature, and its struggling attracts a sperm whale, which kills the squid.
Returning to land, the group are oblivious to the fact that some of the squid's spawn have survived and due to overfishing will grow to adulthood unchallenged.
Adaptation
Beast was adapted into a TV movie called The Beast in 1996, starring William Petersen as Whip Dalton (name change from Darling). Aside from an altered ending with the squid being killed by an explosion instead of a whale, Marcus's character being female, Manning being unrelated to any of the squid's victims and only wanting it as an exhibit for an ocean park, Whip's teenaged daughter having a subplot, and the setting being changed from Bermuda to the Pacific Northwest, the film is regarded as very faithful to the source material. The film was well received and earned high ratings, both earning a nomination in the Daytime Emmy Awards and encouraging future adaptations of Benchley's other works, such as White Shark being adapted as Creature in 1998.
See also
Giant squid in popular culture
Jaws (novel)
References
1991 American novels
Random House books
American novels adapted into films
Novels by Peter Benchley
Books about cephalopods
American novels adapted into television shows
Nautical novels
Giant squid |
Aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War may refer to:
List of humanitarian aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War
List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War |
Kinnie Laisné (born 11 July 1989) is a former French tennis player.
Laisné has a career-high singles ranking by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) of 295, achieved on 17 August 2009. She also has a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 381, achieved on 21 December 2009. Laisné won one singles title and three doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Laisné made her main-draw debut on the WTA Tour at the 2008 Tashkent Open in the doubles tournament, partnering Katie O'Brien.
ITF finals
Singles: 1–2
Doubles: 3–3
External links
1989 births
Living people
French female tennis players
People from Cherbourg-Octeville
Sportspeople from Manche |
Michael Callihan (born August 7, 1947) is an American Democratic politician who was the 42nd Lieutenant Governor of Colorado, serving from 1987 to 1994 under Roy Romer. He was an unsuccessful candidate for congress in 1992, losing to Republican Scott McInnis.
Personal information
Callihan was born in Spokane, Washington, on August 7, 1947.
Education
He graduated from Regis High School in Denver, Colorado, and obtained his degree from Western State College in Gunnison, Colorado.
Career
Callihan is a businessman and politician who served in the U.S. Navy. In 1974, Mike was elected Gunnison County Assessor. In 1978 he was elected to serve in the Colorado House of Representatives, and in 1982 he was elected to serve in the Colorado Senate.
Bills
Callihan introduced bills in effort to the youth with their drug and alcohol addictions.
Family
Callihan is married to Debra McDonald Callihan.
References
1947 births
Living people
Politicians from Spokane, Washington
Western Colorado University alumni
20th-century American politicians
County assessors in the United States
Democratic Party members of the Colorado House of Representatives
Democratic Party Colorado state senators
Lieutenant Governors of Colorado
Regis Jesuit High School alumni |
Spirits of the Air, Gremlins of the Clouds is a 1989 Australian independent post-apocalyptic sci-fi adventure film directed, produced and written by Alex Proyas, who was making his first feature debut. Set in a post-apocalyptic world in which two siblings live in a homestead whose silence gets interrupted by a fugitive named Smith. Starring Michael Lake, Rhys Davis and Norman Boyd, the film was shot on location near Broken Hill, New South Wales and at Supreme Studios Sydney and was made with a budget of $500,000.
Upon release, the film received mixed reviews. It is unknown how much the film grossed at the box office yet it commenced Proyas' status in filmmaking.
Premise
Siblings Felix and Betty Crabtree live alone in a homestead on a treeless desert plain. Their solitary lives are interrupted by a fugitive with a mysterious past, who gives the name "Smith". Smith is fleeing to the north, a trio of sinister figures in pursuit. Felix, who is a wheelchair user, tells Smith that the route to the north is blocked by an impassable wall of cliffs, and convinces him that the only way he can travel beyond them is to fly. Smith, at first sceptical, is eventually convinced that his only means of escape lies with Felix's plan to build a "flying machine". Meanwhile, the religiously addled Betty is convinced that Smith is a demon from hell, and makes her own plans to get rid of him.
Cast
Michael Lake as Felix Crabtree
Rhys Davis (Melissa Davis) as Betty Crabtree
Norman Boyd (The Norm) as Smith
Reception
Film critic David Stratton praised the film as having a "special vision," with brilliant production design, but while furthermore opined that "the film frustrates because of its lethargy and stiltedness".
Rolling Stone magazine called the soundtrack recording "an album of stunning instrumental beauty and exquisite soundscapes" and awarded it 4 stars.
Re-release
In June 2018, director Alex Proyas released a trailer on his YouTube channel for a re-release of the movie, remastered from original 16mm negative and featuring a restored soundtrack from the original Dolby Stereo mixes. The movie was re-released internationally in September 2018 on Blu-ray and DVD by Umbrella Entertainment. Composer Peter Miller's original soundtrack was also re-released as a 30th anniversary edition.
Accolades
References
External links
Spirits of the Air, Gremlins of the Clouds at Oz Movies
Spirits Image & Trivia Archive Archive of selected behind-the-scenes and production images, and other information.
1980s science fiction adventure films
1989 films
Australian aviation films
Australian science fiction adventure films
Films directed by Alex Proyas
Films produced by Alex Proyas
Films with screenplays by Alex Proyas
Australian post-apocalyptic films
1989 directorial debut films
1980s English-language films |
Maleiha Malik is a professor of law at King’s College London (KCL), lecturing in jurisprudence and legal theory, discrimination law and European law; she is also an attorney, and a member of the Honourable Society of Gray's Inn.
Education and research
Maleiha Malik studied law at the University of London and University of Oxford. Malik’s research interest is anti-discrimination law, with focus on both the theory and practice. In addition of researching and writing on the subject, she has also written extensively on minority protection and feminist theory. Malik is the co-author of "Discrimination Law: Theory and Practice", published in 2008, and is the coordinator of the AHRC project on "Traditions in the Present", along with professor of modern history, dr. Jon Wilson, from the Department of History at King’s College London, which explores the relevance of "tradition" in contemporary societies. As of recently, she researched the intersection between sexual and cultural equality, exploring feminist theory possible adjustments that could accommodate increasing cultural pluralism. In line with her main research interest, anti-discrimination law, she is also at the forefront of the campaigns against anti-Muslim prejudices in Britain and Europe.
Malik is a member of number of research organisations, peer review panels and committees/working groups. Malik is an editor of the Social & Legal Studies journal since 1995, and editorial board member since 1997. She is a member of the Liberty Council since 1995, the Arts and Humanities Research Council Peer Review Steering Committee since 2007, the Royal Society of Arts since 2008, and a member of Equality and Diversity Forum Academic Group since 2009.
Her membership of peer review panels or committees include engagement at the Arts and Humanities Research Council since 2007, and acting as an editor at peer-review the Modern Law Review journal since 1995.
She started publishing her work in 1996, and has written more than 15 book chapters and over 28 publications.
Published works
Published books, book chapters, articles and reviews in journals, and other:
Regulating religious diversity in liberal societies - (1 Jan 2016) Negotiating Religion: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives. Taylor and Francis, p. 245-259 - Chapter in book
Religion and Minority Legal Orders - (December 2015) Religion, Secularism, and Constitutional Democracy. Cohen, J. L. & Laborde, C. (eds.). Columbia University Press - Chapter in book
Magna Carta, rule of law and religious diversity - (May 2015) Magna Carta, Religion and the Rule of Law. Cambridge University Press, p. 248-264 - Chapter in book
Minorities and Law: Past and Present - (1 Jan 2014) In : Current Legal Problems. 67, 1, p. 67-98 - Chapter in book
Religion and Sexual Orientation: Conflict or Cohesion? - (2013) Religion in a Liberal State. D'Costa, G., Evans, M., Modood, T. & Rivers, J. (eds.). N/A ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Vol. N/A. p. 67-92 - Chapter in book
Minority Legal Orders in the UK: Minorities, Pluralism and Law - (2012) London: British Academy - Book
The 'other' citizens: religion in a multicultural Europe - (2012) Law, state and religion in the new Europe: debates and dilemmas. Zucca, L. & Ungureanu, C. (eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 93-114 - Chapter in book
Religious Freedom, Free Speech and Equality: Conflict or Cohesion? - (February 2011) In : Res Publica. 17, 1, p. 21-40 - Article in journal
Anti-Muslim Prejudice: Past and Present - (2010) Abingdon: Routledge - Book
Extreme Speech and Liberalism - (2010) Extreme Speech and Democracy. Hare, I. & Weinstein, J. (eds.). Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 96-122 - Chapter in book
Law's Meaning of Life: Philosophy, Religion, Darwin and the Legal Person - (2010) In : Modern Law Review. 73, 6, p. 1076-1078 - Review in journal
Progressive Multiculturalism: Minority Women and Cultural Diversity - (2010) In : International Journal on Minority and Group Rights. 17, 3, p. 447-467 - Article in journal
Anti-Muslim prejudice in the West, past and present: an introduction - (2009) In : Patterns of Prejudice. 43, 3-4, p. 207-212 - Editorial
Law and Religion in Theoretical and Historical Context - (2009) In : Social and Legal Studies. 18, 2, p. 280-282 - Review in journal
Engaging with Extremists - (March 2008) In : International Relations. 22, 1, p. 85-104 - Article in journal
Complex Equality: Muslim Women and the Headscarf - (2008) In : Droit et Societe, Revue Internationale de Theorie du Droit et de Sociologie Juridique. 68, 1, p. 127-152 - Article in journal
Discrimination law: theory and context (text and materials) - Bamforth, Malik & O'Cinneide (2008), 1st ed. ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell - Book
Modernising Discrimination Law: Proposals for a Single Equality Act for Great Britain - (December 2007) In : International Journal of Discrimination and the Law. 9, 2, p. 73-94 - Article in journal
Anti-Discrimination Law in Britain - (2007) Handbuch Gleichbehandlungsrecht. Rudolf, B. & Mahlmann, M. (eds.). Baden-Baden: Nomos, p. 135-166 - Chapter in book
A Mirror for Liberalism: Europe's New Wars of Religion - (2006) Ein neuer Kampf der Religionen?: Staat, Recht und religiose Toleranz. Mahlmann, M. & Rottleuthner, H. (eds.). Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, p. 241-269 - Chapter in book
The Branch on Which We Sit - (2006) Feminist Perspectives on Family Law. Diduick, A. (ed.). London: Taylor & Francis Ltd, p. 211-233 - Chapter in book
Equality, Discrimination and Social Cohesion - (2005) Muslims in the UK: policies for engaged citizens . Choudhury, T. (ed.). New York: Open Society Institute, EU Monitoring and advocacy program, p. 46-99 - Chapter in book
Justice - (2005) Fields of Faith : Theology and Religious Studies for the Twenty-first Century . Ford, D. F., Quash, B. & Soskice, J. M. (eds.). Cambridge University Press, p. 182-206 - Chapter in book
Governing After the Human Rights Act - (2000) In : Modern Law Review. 63, PART 2, p. 281-293 - Article in journal
Communal Goods as Human Rights - (1996) Understanding Human Rights. Gearty, C. & Tomkins, A. (eds.). London: Mansell, p. 138-170 - Chapter in book
Prizes
2007: Fellowship awarded competitively by the Royal Society of Arts.
2008: Fellowship awarded competitively by the Honourable Society of Gray's Inn.
References
External links
King's College Profile
Living people
Members of Gray's Inn
Professorships at King's College London
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Alumni of the University of London
Year of birth missing (living people)
British legal writers |
Vladimir Quesada Araya (born 12 May 1966) is a former Costa Rican football player who played his entire career with Deportivo Saprissa, during the 1980s and 1990s.
Club career
Quesada came through the Saprissa youth system and made his professional debut for the club on 3 November 1985. With Saprissa, he won five national championships, as well as two CONCACAF Champions Cups. In August 1995, Quesada took over de captain's armband at Saprissa after Evaristo Coronado retired.
He totalled 412 league games for Saprissa, playing a club record 51 games in one, the 1994-95, season.
International career
He was part of the national team squad, that played in the 1990 FIFA World Cup held in Italy but one of six players who did not get any playing time. Nicknamed Muñequito, the defender collected 31 caps for the Tico's and represented his country at the 1991 UNCAF Nations Cup and the 1991 CONCACAF Gold Cup.
He played his final international on November 24, 1996 against Guatemala.
Managerial career
After retiring, he coached in Saprissa's minor league system and took charge of the senior team twice on an interim basis, before almost winning promotion with Fusión Tibás in 2005. He signed in 2006 as Santos de Guápiles coach, of Costa Rica's first division. He was dismissed by Santos in February 2007.
Personal life
Quesada is married to Miss Teen 1991, Gabriela Ramírez and their eldest daughter María Alejandra Quesada Ramírez also competes in beauty queen contests. She was Miss Teen Centroamérica y el Caribe 2008 . They also have a son, Alejandro.
References
External links
1966 births
Living people
Footballers from San José, Costa Rica
Men's association football defenders
Costa Rican men's footballers
Costa Rica men's international footballers
1990 FIFA World Cup players
1991 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
Deportivo Saprissa players
Costa Rican football managers
Deportivo Saprissa managers
CONCACAF Championship-winning players |
```python
import itertools
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import List, Set, Tuple
from torch.distributed._tensor._op_schema import OpStrategy, PlacementStrategy
from torch.distributed._tensor.placement_types import (
DTensorSpec,
Partial,
Placement,
Replicate,
Shard,
)
from torch.distributed.device_mesh import DeviceMesh
@dataclass
class EinsumDims:
contracting_dims: List[str]
batch_dims: List[str]
lhs_out_only_dims: List[str]
rhs_out_only_dims: List[str]
@classmethod
def parse_equation(cls, equation: str) -> Tuple[List[str], str]:
# parse einop equation and extract arg specs
"""
Parse the einsum equation str to input dim chars and output dim char
"""
inputs, outputs = equation.split("->")
input_dims, output_dims = inputs.split(","), outputs.split(",")
# NOTE: only support at most two inputs, and single output
# extend to support more inputs if needed in future
assert len(input_dims) <= 2, "Only support at most two inputs"
assert len(output_dims) == 1, "Only support single output"
output_dim = output_dims[0]
return input_dims, output_dim
@classmethod
def parse_dims(cls, input_dims: List[str], output_dim: str) -> "EinsumDims":
"""
Parse the dims and extract the contracting, batch, and free dimensions
for the left and right hand sides.
"""
dim_char_set: Set[str] = set()
for input_dim in input_dims:
dim_char_set.update(input_dim)
# get a determinisitc order of all dim chars
all_dim_chars = sorted(dim_char_set)
# parse input and output dimensions
lhs_out_only_dims, rhs_out_only_dims = [], []
batch_dims, contracting_dims = [], []
for dim_char in all_dim_chars:
if dim_char not in output_dim:
contracting_dims.append(dim_char)
else:
is_batch_dim = True
for input_dim in input_dims:
is_batch_dim = is_batch_dim and dim_char in input_dim
if is_batch_dim:
batch_dims.append(dim_char)
else:
assert (
len(input_dims) == 2
), "free dimension only supported for two inputs!"
lhs, rhs = input_dims
if dim_char in lhs:
lhs_out_only_dims.append(dim_char)
elif dim_char in rhs:
rhs_out_only_dims.append(dim_char)
else:
raise RuntimeError("Invalid dimension character")
return cls(
contracting_dims=contracting_dims,
batch_dims=batch_dims,
lhs_out_only_dims=lhs_out_only_dims,
rhs_out_only_dims=rhs_out_only_dims,
)
def gen_einsum_strategies(
equation: str,
mesh: DeviceMesh,
*,
linearity: bool = False,
) -> OpStrategy:
"""
Generate a strategy list for the ops that follow einsum style notation.
"""
# parse einop equation and extract dims
input_dims, output_dim = EinsumDims.parse_equation(equation)
edims = EinsumDims.parse_dims(input_dims, output_dim)
all_mesh_dim_strategies = []
# generate strategies for each mesh dim
for mesh_dim in range(mesh.ndim):
mesh_dim_strategies = []
# placement list stores placements of [output, input1, input2, ...]
# first we always have replicate all for inputs and output
placement_list: List[Placement] = [Replicate()] * (len(input_dims) + 1)
mesh_dim_strategies.append(placement_list)
if mesh.size(mesh_dim) <= 1:
# only replicate strategy for mesh dim with size 1
# TODO: see if this is valid for the submesh case
continue
# split batch dim
for batch_dim in edims.batch_dims:
output_batch_dim = output_dim.index(batch_dim)
placement_list = [Shard(output_batch_dim)]
for input_dim in input_dims:
input_batch_dim = input_dim.index(batch_dim)
placement_list.append(Shard(input_batch_dim))
mesh_dim_strategies.append(placement_list)
# split contracting dim
for contracting_dim in edims.contracting_dims:
placement_list = [Partial()]
for input_dim in input_dims:
input_contracting_dim = input_dim.index(contracting_dim)
placement_list.append(Shard(input_contracting_dim))
mesh_dim_strategies.append(placement_list)
# split lhs free dim
for lhs_dim in edims.lhs_out_only_dims:
lhs_free_dim = output_dim.index(lhs_dim)
# this means split the lhs input and output
# i.e. S(0), R -> S(0)
lhs_placement_list: List[Placement] = [
Shard(lhs_free_dim),
Shard(lhs_free_dim),
Replicate(),
]
mesh_dim_strategies.append(lhs_placement_list)
# split rhs free dim
for rhs_dim in edims.rhs_out_only_dims:
rhs_free_dim = output_dim.index(rhs_dim)
rhs_placement_list: List[Placement] = [
Shard(rhs_free_dim),
Replicate(),
Shard(rhs_free_dim),
]
mesh_dim_strategies.append(rhs_placement_list)
# linearity strategy
if linearity:
linearity_placement_list: List[Placement] = [Partial()]
for input_dim in input_dims:
linearity_placement_list.append(Partial())
mesh_dim_strategies.append(linearity_placement_list)
all_mesh_dim_strategies.append(mesh_dim_strategies)
# generate strategies for entire mesh
strategy_combs = itertools.product(*all_mesh_dim_strategies)
# TODO: filter out invalid strategies, at this point we generate
# all possible strategies without considering the whether the tensor
# dim could be sharded or not, we would need to filter out invalid
# strategies base on the actual tensor shape
# (i.e. for Shard, tensor dim size must > mesh size)
all_strategies = []
for strategy_comb in strategy_combs:
spec_list = []
for specs in zip(*strategy_comb):
spec_list.append(DTensorSpec(mesh, tuple(specs)))
strat = PlacementStrategy(output_specs=spec_list[0], input_specs=spec_list[1:])
all_strategies.append(strat)
return OpStrategy(all_strategies)
``` |
The 2013 Yemeni League is the 21st edition of top-level football in Yemen.
The season started on February 28 and finished on 8 July, played in one calendar year rather than the previous editions which have been played over two calendar years.
Teams
Shabab Al Baydaa, Al Sha'ab Sana'a, Al-Ahli Taizz and Najm Sba were relegated to the second tier after finishing in the bottom four places of the 2011–12 Yemeni League season. They were replaced by Al-Wahda San'a', Al Yarmuk Al Rawda, Al-Saqr and Al Rasheed Ta'izz. Al Rasheed and Al Saqr are back after withdrawing from the 2010–11 League campaign. Al-Wahda San'a' are back after one season out of the top flight and Al Yarmuk return, last being in the top flight back in the 2009–10 league season.
Stadia and locations
Al Oruba appear to represent the small town of Zabid, but play all games in San'a'.
League standings
References
RSSSF info page
Yemeni League seasons
Yem
Yem
1
1 |
Victor John Ostrovsky (born 28 November 1949) is an author and a former katsa (case officer) for the Israeli Mossad. He authored two nonfiction books about his service with the Mossad: By Way of Deception, a #1 New York Times bestseller in 1990, and The Other Side of Deception several years later.
Family
Ostrovsky's mother, a gymnastics teacher by trade, was born in Mandatory Palestine to Haim and Esther Margolin, (his grandparents) who fled Russia in 1912 and settled in Palestine where Haim served as Auditor General of the Jewish National Fund (JNF), and Esther volunteered to the British Army (ATS), as truck driver during World War II, and later joined the Haganah to fight for Israel's independence from the British mandate rule.
Ostrovsky's father was a Canadian-born Jew who served with the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II as a tail gunner on a Lancaster bomber, taking part in more than 20 missions over Germany. His plane was shot down over Germany, but he managed to escape and return to active service. After the war, he joined the Israeli military to fight in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, rising to command Sde Dov, an Israeli Air Force base in Israel.
Early life
He was born in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, on 28 November 1949, and he moved to Israel at the age of five.
Career
Ostrovsky joined the Israeli Youth Brigade at 14 and quickly became an expert marksman, finishing second in a 1964 national shooting competition, with a score of 192 out of 200. At the age of 17, he joined the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) after a minor eye condition ended his hopes of becoming a pilot. He was assigned to the Military Police and rose to command the Nablus Military Police Base. Later, he was made commanding officer of the Military Police West Bank Central Command.
After his service with the Military Police, he spent six years in the Israeli Navy. He was selected to attend the Staff and Command School and attained the rank of Lieutenant Commander. Ostrovsky was placed in charge of all Navy weapons testing. He helped introduce the Harpoon surface-to-surface missile to the Saar missile boats as well as the Vulcan Phalanx anti-missile defense system.
According to court papers filed by the Israeli government in an attempt to stop the publication of his book By Way of Deception, Ostrovsky was recruited by the Mossad in 1984 and trained as a katsa (case officer) at the Mossad's training school north of Tel Aviv.
In 1986, he says that he left the agency saying it was because of what he considered cases of unnecessarily-malicious actions by Mossad operatives. He also accused its directors of knowingly making less-than-accurate reports to the nation's political leadership. However, historian Benny Morris states that Ostrovsky's two years in the Mossad were mostly spent as a trainee, and he wouldn't have had access to many operational secrets before he was fired.
His wife, Bella Ostrovsky, died on January 8, 2015, at 65.
He operated Ostrovsky Fine Art Gallery in Scottsdale, Arizona. While he has painted many subjects, he is best known for his Metaphors of Espionage collection, inspired by his days as a spy for the Mossad.
By Way of Deception
In 1990, he published By Way of Deception to draw attention to the corruption and shortcomings that he claims to have witnessed in the Mossad. He has repeatedly argued that intelligence-gathering agencies must be permitted certain operational freedoms but that significantly-increased governmental oversight of espionage activities is necessary.
Without effective oversight, he has said that the Mossad cannot achieve its full potential and value. According to Ostrovsky, if a US senator on a military committee whose "aide was Jewish, he or she would be approached as a sayan," which Ostrovsky later defines as "a volunteer Jewish helper outside Israel" who would then assist Mossad. Of the Israeli spy network in the United States, David Wise wrote in his New York Times review that "both countries know that Israel has spied on the United States for years" and that from publicly known instances, the "general assertion can hardly be challenged."
Many of Ostrovsky's claims have neither been verified from other sources nor been refuted, and arguments continue to rage over the credibility of his accounts. However, he was named in a lawsuit by the Israeli government, which claimed that he was part of the Mossad. Critics such as Benny Morris, have argued that the book is essentially a novel; or in the case of David Wise, that much of it reads like a "supermarket tabloid," and that a case officer would not have had access to so many operational secrets. They write that intelligence organizations practice strict compartmentalization of confidential or secretive information. Ostrovsky argued their point to be moot, as they themselves are outsiders and that the only information about the Mossad they have is from their supposed "sources" in the agency with a very clear agenda. Ostrovsky also points out that the need-to-know rule was not closely followed in the Mossad because of its small size and the need for case officers to fill many roles.
Shortly before the official publication of the book, the Israeli government filed lawsuits in both Canada and the United States, seeking injunctions against publication. A judge for the Manhattan Supreme Court granted the request at a 1 a.m. hearing in his home. The New York Supreme Court overturned his decision, but the resulting publicity focused national attention on Ostrovsky's story and guaranteed international success.
Concerns were expressed by the Israeli government that by exposing certain prior operations, the book endangered the lives of agency personnel. Ostrovsky maintains that he never placed anyone in danger because only first names or code names were used. Furthermore, Ostrovsky claims the Mossad was privately allowed to see the book before publication to ensure that lives were not placed in danger.
The Other Side of Deception
He wrote a sequel, The Other Side of Deception, in which he gives more anecdotes and defends his earlier work with a list of newspaper articles.
Works
Books
By Way of Deception (1990)
Lion of Judah (1993)
The Other Side of Deception (1995)
Black Ghosts (1999)
Articles (partial)
Bungled Amman Assassination Plot Exposes Rift Within Israeli Government Over Peace Negotiations Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, December 1997, Pages 7–8, 92
Israel's "False Information Affair" Sheds New Light On Troubled Israeli and U.S. Relations With Syria WRMEA, January/February 1998, Pages 13–14
At Age 50, Israel Should Admit Its Responsibility to Jonathan Pollard, WRMEA, May/June 1998, Page 45
Israeli Finger on the Nuclear Trigger Could Turn the Next Israeli-Arab War Into a Conflagration, WRMEA, December 1998, pages 48, 92
Crash of Cargo Plane in Holland Revealed Existence of Israeli Chemical and Biological Weapons Plant, WRMEA, December 1998, pages 19–20
Combat Units Manned by West Bank Settlers Puts Trojan Horse Within the Future Palestinian State, WRMEA, January/February 1999, pages 26, 94
The Israeli-Palestinian Summit: A Reality Check, WRMEA, August/September 2000, Page 13
References
External links
Washington-report.org
a documentary of the Lillehammer affair by Victor Ostrovsky
1949 births
Living people
Historians of espionage
Canadian emigrants to Israel
Canadian male non-fiction writers
Jewish Canadian writers
People of the Mossad
Writers from Edmonton |
Grimsby is a town on Lake Ontario in the Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada. Grimsby is at the eastern end of the Hamilton Census Metropolitan Area. It is named after the English fishing town of Grimsby in north-east Lincolnshire. The majority of residents reside in the area bounded by Lake Ontario and the Niagara Escarpment, home to a section of the Bruce Trail.
Grimsby has experienced significant growth over the past two decades due to its position between Hamilton and St. Catharines. Growth is limited by the natural boundaries of Lake Ontario and the Niagara Escarpment. Some residents feel development is detrimental to the town as orchards close to the town centre are used for residential development; however, most of the orchards in Grimsby were replaced by houses between the 1950s and 1980s, and very few orchards remain.
According to a late 2019 report, the town has 33 small parks, 17 larger and "many more green spaces, sport fields, parkettes, trails, and facilities". Some notable attractions in Grimsby are the Grimsby Museum, the Grimsby Public Library, the Grimsby Public Art Gallery, the West Niagara YMCA, the Danish Church, and the hockey arena (Peach King Centre), home of the Grimsby Peach Kings.
History
A group of United Empire Loyalists from Great Britain settled on the land (originally named Township Number 6 and then 'The Forty'), and founded Grimsby in 1790. Robert Nelles, a politician and later lieutenant-colonel in the War of 1812, was one of the town's founders. His home on Main Street West was used for many planning sessions during the war. In 1816, the settlement became known as Grimsby, the name of the surrounding township, in memory of the seaport town of Grimsby in North East Lincolnshire, England.
The Village of Grimsby was officially incorporated in 1876 and became a town in 1922. The community has gone through many changes, from being a small rural village to a centre for the manufacture of farm machinery, hospital furniture, furnaces and other metal products; and later the hub of the Niagara Peninsula's fruit-growing industry. Grimsby also had a successful fishing industry which lasted until the 1960s. The Town of Grimsby and the Township of North Grimsby were amalgamated in 1970 with the formation of the Regional Municipality of Niagara. With a number of wineries and distilleries, Grimsby now serves as the starting point for touring the Niagara wine region.
Canada's first Chautauqua-like organization (a Methodist camp) was established in 1859 in Grimsby Park on land donated by J.B. Bowslaugh; colourful cottages were later built, and some visitors spent entire summers in the area. Two hotels and a temple were also built. Over 50,000 visited in 1884, but by 1900, interest had declined. By 1909, the Grimsby Park Company was bankrupt, and the property was sold for use as an amusement park. The temple and hotels were destroyed in the 1920s. In 1910, the amusement park's first owner, Harry Wylie, added carousels, a motion picture theater, and a roller coaster. Canada Steamship Lines bought out the business in 1916, but the park declined through the 1920s, mainly due to multiple fires that consumed many of the wooden buildings. The operation had ceased by 1950, and the land was sold to developers who built cottages. Many of the colourful cottages were destroyed by fire or demolished over the years. As of 2019, Grimsby Pier, where ferries and steamships had once docked, was in a state of disrepair; the mayor said he hoped that it could be restored.
In 2011, Grimsby was struck by an F0 Tornado.
Grimsby is also the birthplace of a Hollywood director, Del Lord. He rose to acclaim as the director of most of the Three Stooges short vaudeville comedies. Later, under Columbia Pictures, he also directed nearly 200 feature films.
Local government
Grimsby Town Council is composed of a mayor and eight councillors who serve for a term of four years. The mayor is elected at large, and the councillors are elected by ward. The town is divided into four wards, with two councillors elected in each ward. It is the role of the council to represent the public and to consider the well-being and interests of the municipality; to develop and evaluate policies and programs; to determine which services the municipality provides; to ensure administrative practices and procedures are in place to implement the decisions of council; and to maintain the financial integrity of the municipality. The council generally meets on the first and third Mondays of each month. All meetings are open to the public and are also televised live on the local Government-access television (GATV) cable TV channel.
The current council (2018-2022 term) was sworn in on December 3, 2018, with the following members:
Mayor
Jeff A. Jordan
Town council members Ward 1
Councillor Reg Freake
Councillor Delight Davoli
Town council members Ward 2
Councillor Brian Howe
Councillor Lianne Vardy
Town council members Ward 3
Councillor Veronica Charrois
Councillor Jennifer Korstanje
Town council members Ward 4
Councillor Nick DiFlavio
Councillor Jacob Baradziej
Source:
The Regional Municipality of Niagara is an upper-tier municipality that encompasses all municipalities in Niagara Region. On Niagara Regional Council, Grimsby is represented by the mayor and by an elected regional councillor, currently Wayne Fertich.
Standing committees
Council has appointed four standing committees as follows:
Administration and Finance Committee (four councillors and mayor) - Main functions are current and capital budget preparation and administration; personnel policies and compensation plans; financial matters; general administrative matters; public relations; fire matters; cemetery administration; school crossing guards; canine control. The administration, treasury and fire departments report to the council through this committee, as well as the library, art gallery and museum for budget purposes.
Planning and Development Committee (four councillors, three citizen appointees and mayor) - Main functions are land use planning, economic development and promotion and building inspection. The planning and building departments report to the council through this committee.
Public Works Committee (four councillors and mayor) - Main functions are storm drainage, sidewalks, roads, street lighting, water distribution, sanitary sewers, solid waste management, cemetery maintenance, parking and traffic control. The public works department reports to the council through this committee.
Recreation Services Committee (four councillors, three citizen appointees and mayor) - Main functions are parks, community and recreation services and programming. The recreation, facilities and culture department reports to the council through this committee, as well as the art gallery, library and museum.
Transportation
Bisecting the town is the Queen Elizabeth Way, one of the 400-series highways. It has three interchanges in the town, with Casablanca Boulevard in the west, a central interchange for three roads (Christie Street, Ontario Street, and Maple Avenue), and Bartlett Avenue in the east.
The Grimsby railway station, on the south side of the railway tracks west of Ontario Street and south of Queen Elizabeth Way, is served by the Maple Leaf train jointly operated by Via Rail and Amtrak. A GO Transit train station is planned for operation on the Lakeshore West line, was expected to open in 2021 as part of the Lakeshore West Line, and was halted as of late 2018. Of three sites for the Grimsby GO Station evaluated by Metrolinx, the Crown agency that operates GO Transit, the preferred site for the proposed station is west of and adjacent to Casablanca Boulevard.
In August 2020, Niagara Region Transit launched a two-year pilot to provide on-demand local and regional transit service for Grimsby and other nearby communities.
Schools
Secondary schools
West Niagara Secondary School (operated by DSBN)
Blessed Trinity Catholic Secondary School (operated by NCDSB)
Primary schools
Central French Immersion Public School
Grand Ave. Public School
Lakeview Public School
Nelles Public School
Our Lady of Fatima Catholic School
Park Public School
Smith Public School
St. Joseph Catholic School
Churches
Centennial Park Baptist Church (1876)
Christ Our Saviour Lutheran
Church of Christ
Covenant Canadian Reformed Church
The Danish Lutheran Church (1958-2018)
Forestview Community Church
Jehovah's Witness Kingdom Hall
Lakemount Worship Centre
Lincoln Pioneer Seventh-day Adventist Church
Living Light Canadian Reformed Church
Mountainview Christian Reformed Church
New Apostolic Church
New Life Community Church
Park Rd. United Church
Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Grimsby
St. Andrew's Anglican (1825), the third church on this site, features a churchyard containing graves of many early settlers (c. 1785-) at The Forty, as Grimsby was originally called.
St. George's Ukrainian Orthodox
St. John's Presbyterian
St. Joseph's Roman Catholic
St. Mary's Ukrainian Catholic
St. Philip By-The-Lake Anglican
Trinity United Church
Grimsby Public Library
The first library in Grimsby was opened in 1871 in the home of Grimsby councillor Sam Mabey, housing a collection of 1,000 books. Following a recommendation of the town council, the village struck a committee to approach the Andrew Carnegie Foundation to request new funds to build a new library. The foundation allocated $8,000 to build the new library building.
In 1975, the library was expanded to include a new building, which inaugurated a Grimsby Public Art Gallery in the basement of the library. A few years later, the Klosso Eloul sculpture 'Double is One' was installed on the grounds.
In 2004, a new building was constructed adjacent to the original structure to house both the library and art gallery. The original structure itself contains the Grimsby Archives.
Grimsby Beach
Grimsby beach is home to "Gingerbread Houses" that are painted by owners in bright colours and flourishes for an eye-catching addition to the area.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Grimsby had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
Notable people
Climate
Grimsby's climate varies throughout the year; 12 °C – 15 °C in the spring, 21 °C – 33 °C in the summer, and 10 °C – 17 °C in the fall. Temperatures in the winter months are around 4 °C to −16 °C, with about 190 cm of snow per year.
See also
List of townships in Ontario
References
External links
Lower-tier municipalities in Ontario
Populated places established in 1790
Towns in Ontario
1790 establishments in the British Empire |
"Just One Last Dance" is a song by German recording artist Sarah Connor from her third studio album, Key to My Soul (2003), featuring guest vocals by Connor's then-husband Marc Terenzi's former band, Natural. The song, written and produced by Kay Denar and Rob Tyger, bears a harmonic resemblance to "From Sarah with Love", an earlier hit from Connor, also composed and written by Denar and Tyger (along with Connor), both having the verses and choruses in B minor and D minor, respectively, as well as a key change to F sharp minor towards the end of the song. X-Cell Records released the song on 1 March 2004 as the second and final single from the album. Lyrically, the song alludes to couple's final dance in a Spanish cafe before they are forced to part ways.
"Just One Last Dance" attained commercial success throughout Central Europe. In Germany, it reached number one on the Media Control Charts, where it became Connor's third chart-topper was ranked among the 30 best-selling singles of 2004. Elsewhere in Europe, the song reached the top 10 in Austria, the Czech Republic, and Switzerland. Oliver Sommer directed the accompanying video for the single. Inspired by West Side Story, it portrays Connor as a high school girl who falls in love with a rivaling football player (Terenzi), much to her brother's dismay.
Track listings
European CD single
European CD maxi single
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
References
2003 songs
2004 singles
Epic Records singles
Number-one singles in Germany
Sarah Connor (singer) songs
Songs written by Kay Denar
Songs written by Rob Tyger
X-Cell Records singles |
Aletta Bezuidenhout (born 17 May 1949), is a Kenyan-born South African filmmaker, writer and actress. She is best known for her roles in productions: Weerskant die Nag, Committed and Spoon, Lament for Koos and Mother Courage.
Personal life
She was born on 17 May 1949 in Nairobi, Kenya. Her father was an engineer. She worked for the former Transvaal Council of the Performing Arts (Truk). She also trained and graduated with BA Drama at University of Cape Town.
She was married to musician Colin Shamley, then actor Tertius Meintjes and later to Anthony Perris.
Career
She studied drama at the University of Cape Town and later started her acting career at Kruik. Later, she moved to the old Transvaal and worked at The Company and the Market Theater. Meanwhile, she worked for numerous regional councils for the performing arts, such as 'Truk en Kruik'. Later she started to train other actors.
In 1970, she appeared in The Space and later involved with Dusa Stas Fish and Vi, The Resistible Rise of Arturo UI and Treats. In 1974, she founded the production company, 'The Company'. In the meantime, she contributed to the theater by acting in plays such as Desire, Mother Courage in 1977, Women of Troy, Lament for Koos and The Minotaur's Sister in 1985.
Apart from acting, she worked as a playwright and made Time of Footsteps, Silent Envelope, Angel in a Dark Room and Little Big World. In the television screen, she worked for the serials The Lady of the Camellias, Thicker than Water and Die Sonkring and Orion. Some of her popular films include: Djadje, Committed, On the Wire, Country of My Skull and Paljas.
Filmography
See also
Fleur du Cap Theatre Awards
References
External links
Film Experience
Living people
1949 births
Kenyan film actresses
Film people from Nairobi
Writers from Nairobi
21st-century South African actresses
20th-century South African actresses |
Akgöz is a village in the Bartın District, Bartın Province, Turkey. Its population is 405 (2021).
References
Villages in Bartın District |
Two-time defending champions Todd Woodbridge and Mark Woodforde defeated Rick Leach and Scott Melville in the final, 7–5, 7–6(10–8), 7–6(7–5) to win the gentlemen's doubles title at the 1995 Wimbledon Championships. It was their third Wimbledon title and fourth major title overall.
Seeds
Jacco Eltingh / Paul Haarhuis (quarterfinals)
Todd Woodbridge / Mark Woodforde (champions)
Grant Connell / Patrick Galbraith (first round)
Byron Black / Jonathan Stark (third round)
Jim Grabb / Patrick McEnroe (first round)
Jared Palmer / Richey Reneberg (third round)
Jan Apell / Jonas Björkman (third round)
Cyril Suk / Daniel Vacek (first round)
Tommy Ho / Brett Steven (second round)
Trevor Kronemann / David Macpherson (second round)
Mark Knowles / Daniel Nestor (semifinals)
Andrei Olhovskiy / Jan Siemerink (quarterfinals)
Alex O'Brien / Sandon Stolle (third round)
Marc-Kevin Goellner / Yevgeny Kafelnikov (semifinals)
Lan Bale / John-Laffnie de Jager (third round)
Piet Norval / Menno Oosting (third round)
Qualifying
Draw
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Bottom half
Section 3
Section 4
References
External links
1995 Wimbledon Championships – Men's draws and results at the International Tennis Federation
Men's Doubles
Wimbledon Championship by year – Men's doubles |
Babadan Station (station code: BBD) is a third-class railway station in Dimong, Madiun, Madiun Regency, East Java, Indonesia, operated by Kereta Api Indonesia. This railway station is at the most southwestern railway station in Madiun Regency. This station's new building is operated—which has four tracks (two main lines and two passing tracks)—since Nganjuk–Babadan double track segment activation on 30 April 2019 and Babadan–Geneng on 16 October 2019.
Services
This railway station has no train services except for train overtaking.
Gallery
References
External links
Kereta Api Indonesia - Indonesian railway company
Madiun Regency
Railway stations in East Java
Stations of Daop VII Madiun |
```javascript
const { render } = require('@govuk-frontend/helpers/nunjucks')
const { getExamples } = require('@govuk-frontend/lib/components')
describe('Pagination', () => {
let examples
beforeAll(async () => {
examples = await getExamples('pagination')
})
describe('default examples', () => {
it('renders the correct URLs for each link', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples.default)
const $previous = $('.govuk-pagination__prev .govuk-pagination__link')
const $next = $('.govuk-pagination__next .govuk-pagination__link')
const $firstNumber = $(
'.govuk-pagination__item:first-child .govuk-pagination__link'
)
const $secondNumber = $(
'.govuk-pagination__item:nth-child(2) .govuk-pagination__link'
)
const $thirdNumber = $(
'.govuk-pagination__item:last-child .govuk-pagination__link'
)
expect($previous.attr('href')).toBe('/previous')
expect($next.attr('href')).toBe('/next')
expect($firstNumber.attr('href')).toBe('/page/1')
expect($secondNumber.attr('href')).toBe('/page/2')
expect($thirdNumber.attr('href')).toBe('/page/3')
})
it('renders the correct number within each pagination item', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples.default)
const $firstNumber = $('.govuk-pagination__item:first-child')
const $secondNumber = $('.govuk-pagination__item:nth-child(2)')
const $thirdNumber = $('.govuk-pagination__item:last-child')
expect($firstNumber.text().trim()).toBe('1')
expect($secondNumber.text().trim()).toBe('2')
expect($thirdNumber.text().trim()).toBe('3')
})
// The current item is marked up with a visually hidden span and an aria-hidden span side by side
// Instead of the aria-label solution used for the links in the pagination because of issues caused
// by aria-label on non-interactive elements like li's
it('marks up the current item correctly', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples.default)
const $currentNumber = $('.govuk-pagination__item--current')
const $currentNumberLink = $currentNumber.find('.govuk-pagination__link')
expect($currentNumberLink.attr('aria-current')).toBe('page')
})
it('marks up pagination items as ellipses when specified', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples['with many pages'])
const $firstEllipsis = $(
'.govuk-pagination__item:nth-child(2).govuk-pagination__item--ellipses'
)
expect($firstEllipsis).toBeTruthy()
// Test for the unicode character of ⋯
expect($firstEllipsis.text().trim()).toBe('\u22ef')
})
})
describe('with custom text, labels and landmarks', () => {
it('renders a custom navigation landmark', () => {
const $ = render(
'pagination',
examples['with custom navigation landmark']
)
const $nav = $('.govuk-pagination')
expect($nav.attr('aria-label')).toBe('search')
})
it('renders custom pagination item and prev/next link text', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples['with custom link and item text'])
const $previous = $('.govuk-pagination__prev')
const $next = $('.govuk-pagination__next')
const $firstNumber = $('.govuk-pagination__item:first-child')
const $secondNumber = $('.govuk-pagination__item:nth-child(2)')
const $thirdNumber = $('.govuk-pagination__item:last-child')
expect($previous.text().trim()).toBe('Previous page')
expect($next.text().trim()).toBe('Next page')
expect($firstNumber.text().trim()).toBe('one')
expect($secondNumber.text().trim()).toBe('two')
expect($thirdNumber.text().trim()).toBe('three')
})
it('renders custom accessible labels for pagination items', () => {
const $ = render(
'pagination',
examples['with custom accessible labels on item links']
)
const $firstNumber = $(
'.govuk-pagination__item:first-child .govuk-pagination__link'
)
const $secondNumber = $(
'.govuk-pagination__item:nth-child(2) .govuk-pagination__link'
)
const $thirdNumber = $(
'.govuk-pagination__item:last-child .govuk-pagination__link'
)
expect($firstNumber.attr('aria-label')).toBe('1st page')
expect($secondNumber.attr('aria-label')).toBe(
'2nd page (you are currently on this page)'
)
expect($thirdNumber.attr('aria-label')).toBe('3rd page')
})
})
describe('previous and next links', () => {
it('applies the correct rel attribute to each link so that they communicate to search engines the intent of the links', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples.default)
const $previous = $('.govuk-pagination__prev .govuk-pagination__link')
const $next = $('.govuk-pagination__next .govuk-pagination__link')
expect($previous.attr('rel')).toBe('prev')
expect($next.attr('rel')).toBe('next')
})
it('sets aria-hidden="true" to each link so that they are ignored by assistive technology', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples.default)
const $previousSvg = $('.govuk-pagination__icon--prev')
const $nextSvg = $('.govuk-pagination__icon--next')
expect($previousSvg.attr('aria-hidden')).toBe('true')
expect($nextSvg.attr('aria-hidden')).toBe('true')
})
it('sets focusable="false" so that IE does not treat it as an interactive element', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples.default)
const $previousSvg = $('.govuk-pagination__icon--prev')
const $nextSvg = $('.govuk-pagination__icon--next')
expect($previousSvg.attr('focusable')).toBe('false')
expect($nextSvg.attr('focusable')).toBe('false')
})
})
describe('prev/next only view', () => {
it('changes the display to prev/next only if no items are provided', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples['with prev and next only'])
const $blockNav = $('.govuk-pagination--block')
const $previous = $('.govuk-pagination__prev')
const $next = $('.govuk-pagination__next')
expect($blockNav).toBeTruthy()
expect($previous).toBeTruthy()
expect($next).toBeTruthy()
})
it('applies labels when provided', () => {
const $ = render(
'pagination',
examples['with prev and next only and labels']
)
const $prevLabel = $(
'.govuk-pagination__prev .govuk-pagination__link-label'
)
const $nextLabel = $(
'.govuk-pagination__next .govuk-pagination__link-label'
)
expect($prevLabel.text()).toBe('Paying VAT and duty')
expect($nextLabel.text()).toBe('Registering an imported vehicle')
})
// This is for when pagination is in block mode but there isn't a label
// We apply a decoration class and add a hover state to the main link text instead
// of the label so that there's a clear underline hover state on the link
it('adds the decoration class to the link title if no label is present', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples['with prev and next only'])
const $decoratedPreviousLinkTitle = $(
'.govuk-pagination__prev .govuk-pagination__link-title--decorated'
)
const $decoratedNextLinkTitle = $(
'.govuk-pagination__next .govuk-pagination__link-title--decorated'
)
expect($decoratedPreviousLinkTitle).toBeTruthy()
expect($decoratedNextLinkTitle).toBeTruthy()
})
})
describe('custom classes and attributes', () => {
it('renders with custom additional classes', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples['with custom classes'])
expect($('.govuk-pagination').hasClass('my-custom-class')).toBeTruthy()
})
it('renders with custom attributes', () => {
const $ = render('pagination', examples['with custom attributes'])
const $nav = $('.govuk-pagination')
expect($nav.attr('data-attribute-1')).toBe('value-1')
expect($nav.attr('data-attribute-2')).toBe('value-2')
})
})
})
``` |
The Old Jail, also known as the Gordo Jail and Mayor's Office, is a historic former jail and office building in Gordo, Pickens County, Alabama. The two-story brick structure was completed in 1914. It originally contained two jail cells and a mayor's office downstairs, with a courtroom upstairs. It served as jail and town hall until circa 1930, when everything but the jail moved to other premises. It continued to serve as a jail until 1955. It has served various functions since that time. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 17, 1974.
References
National Register of Historic Places in Pickens County, Alabama
Jails on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
Buildings and structures in Pickens County, Alabama
Government buildings completed in 1914
Defunct prisons in Alabama
Jails in Alabama
1914 establishments in Alabama |
Jorge García Montes y Hernandez (19 October 1896 – 21 June 1982) was a Cuban lawyer and politician.
Montes was born in New York City on 19 October 1896, where his father, José María García Montes, was in exile during the Cuban War of Independence against the Spaniards. Montes graduated from the University of Havana School of Law in 1917. He married Concepción Morales y de la Torre (1905–) on 21 January 1924 in Havana and they had a daughter, Graciela.
He was a Representative from 1922–1944 as a member of the Liberal Party of Cuba. He went into exile during the Cuban Revolution of 1933 that overthrew General Gerardo Machado, and returned two years later. He was a Senator from 1954 to 1959, and Prime Minister from 24 February 1955 to 26 March 1957, in the government of General Fulgencio Batista. He was then Minister of Education between 1957 and 1959. He went into exile again following the Cuban Revolution of 1958, leaving Cuba in April 1959 through the Colombian Embassy and arrived in the United States in May or June 1959. In exile, he wrote the book History of the Communist Party of Cuba with Antonio Alonso Ávila.
He died in exile on 21 June 1982 at the Mercy Hospital in Miami, Florida.
References
Further reading
El Nuevo Herald, April 26, 2005, "Celebra su Centenario la Viuda de un Senador Cubano"
Los Propietarios de Cuba 1958, Guillermo Jimenez Soler (Havana, Cuba: Editorial de Ciencias Sociales, 2007)
Cuban senators
Education ministers of Cuba
Prime Ministers of Cuba
1896 births
1982 deaths
Members of the Cuban House of Representatives
1950s in Cuba
20th-century Cuban lawyers
20th-century Cuban politicians
Grand Crosses 1st class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany |
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