text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
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Jean-Claude Blanc (; born 9 April 1963 in Chambéry, France) is a French general manager and former marketing executive of Paris Saint-Germain F.C. and former CEO of Juventus F.C.
Education
Blanc holds an International Business and Marketing degree from Skema Business School and an MBA from Harvard Business School.
Career
Blanc is one of the most experienced sports marketing executives in Europe having led organizations in different major sports over the last 20 years. Indeed, he managed the Olympics (Winter Games), the Tour de France (cycling), the Paris Dakar (motor racing), the French Open (tennis), Davis Cup and has been the Chairman and CEO of Juventus Football Club.
Between 1987 and 1992, Blanc was Sales and Marketing/Opening and Closing Ceremony Director for the Albertville Olympic Games in France and worked very close to Jean-Claude Killy, chairman of the Organizing Committee. After earning his MBA at Harvard, Blanc then became the CEO between 1994 and 2000 of Amauy Sport Organization (ASO), a branch of a media company owning and operating the main sporting events in France in cycling, motor racing, and athletics (Tour de France, Paris/Roubaix, the Paris Dakar race, Paris Marathon, etc.). Blanc boosted ASO's revenues and international reach as well as created an all news TV network, L'Equipe TV.
Between 2001 and June 2006, Blanc was nominated CEO of the French Tennis Association and, as such, was the manager in charge of organizing the French Open (Roland-Garros), the Paris Master Series, and the Davis Cup/Fed Cup tennis events when staged in France. During his tenure, the French Open reached a new level of development and success thanks to Blanc's innovative ideas, like adding an extra weekend of Grand Slam tennis by starting the tournament on a Sunday instead of a Monday.
Before becoming Chairman of the Board of Juventus Football Club in October 2009, Blanc was brought in as a board member during the club's worst period in history when it was relegated to the second division (Serie B) due to the Calciopoli scandal. Blanc focused immediately on rebuilding the team and the technical staff. He also renegotiated all major business contracts and improved the financial health of the club. The team made a great and immediate come back in season 2006/2007 to the main division (Serie A), reaching an unexpected third place (season 2007/2008), and then second place (season 2008/2009) while operating the club's finances at break even.
Blanc's masterpiece in the last five years has been also to radically modify the new stadium project as well as close the financing for the construction of the new Juventus arena. This arena along with a 35,000 square meters mall is the first to be built in Italy since 1990 and is the only one privately owned by an Italian football club. Blanc has stated many times that the stadium is the future for Juventus, a major revenue-booster and the new soul of the team.
On May 19, 2010, Blanc left his role as Chairman of the Board of Juventus to Andrea Agnelli, son of former Chairman Umberto Agnelli. Blanc retained his role as General Manager and CEO. Agnelli's response to Blanc's confirmed responsibilities was, "He will take care of the operations management of the club at 360 degrees and focus mainly on the development of revenues, managed our international relations with UEFA and FIFA as well as follow up on the stadium project strategic for the future of the Club."
On May 11, 2011, in line with his working contract and in agreement with the owners of the club, Blanc released his executive powers to the Board of Juventus and resigned as CEO. Instead, he became a member of the Board of Directors. However, Blanc tendered his resignation and left the Board of Directors post on October 15, 2011.
References
External links
Juventus Football Club - Official Website
Profile on Juventus.com
Juventus FC chairmen and investors
Harvard Business School alumni
Living people
1963 births
People from Chambéry
French expatriates in the United States
French expatriates in Italy
Juventus FC directors
French football chairmen and investors
Paris Saint-Germain F.C. non-playing staff |
```objective-c
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
// Original code copyright 2014 Foxit Software Inc. path_to_url
#ifndef FXJS_JS_RESOURCES_H_
#define FXJS_JS_RESOURCES_H_
#include "core/fxcrt/widestring.h"
enum class JSMessage {
kAlert = 1,
kParamError,
kInvalidInputError,
kParamTooLongError,
kParseDateError,
kRangeBetweenError,
kRangeGreaterError,
kRangeLessError,
kNotSupportedError,
kBusyError,
kDuplicateEventError,
kSecondParamNotDateError,
kSecondParamInvalidDateError,
kGlobalNotFoundError,
kReadOnlyError,
kTypeError,
kValueError,
kPermissionError,
kBadObjectError,
kObjectTypeError,
kUnknownProperty,
kInvalidSetError,
#ifdef PDF_ENABLE_XFA
kTooManyOccurances,
kUnknownMethod,
#endif
};
WideString JSGetStringFromID(JSMessage msg);
WideString JSFormatErrorString(const char* class_name,
const char* property_name,
const WideString& details);
#endif // FXJS_JS_RESOURCES_H_
``` |
Hradivka () is a village in Voznesensk Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Veselynove settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.
Until 18 July 2020, Hradivka belonged to Veselynove Raion. In July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Mykolaiv Oblast to four, Veselynove Raion was merged into Voznesensk Raion.
References
Villages in Voznesensk Raion |
Phayre is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Arthur Purves Phayre (1812–1885), British Indian Army officer
Robert Phayre, regicide
Robert Phayre (British Army officer) (1820–1897)
Robert Phayre (cricketer) (1901–1993), British soldier and cricketer
See also
Phayer |
Eleutherodactylus adelus is a species of frogs in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is endemic to Cuba.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
References
adelus
Endemic fauna of Cuba
Amphibians of Cuba
Amphibians described in 2003
Taxa named by Stephen Blair Hedges
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
The A14 is a major trunk road in England, running from Catthorpe Interchange, a major intersection at the southern end of the M6 and junction 19 of the M1 in Leicestershire to the Port of Felixstowe, Suffolk. The road forms part of the unsigned Euroroutes E24 and E30. It is the busiest shipping lane in East Anglia carrying anything from cars to large amounts of cargo between the UK and Mainland Europe.
Route
Beginning at the Catthorpe Interchange, the A14 runs through Kettering, Northamptonshire towards Huntingdon where it now runs parallel to the A1 past Brampton, Cambridgeshire and now bypasses Huntingdon completely due to the A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Scheme from 2017 until 2022. It continues past Bar Hill towards Cambridge to meet the end of the M11 and the A428 at the Girton Interchange. The A14 continues easterly over northern Cambridge towards Newmarket where it briefly joins with the A11 to form the Newmarket Bypass between J36 and J38. The A11 splits off again towards the North and the A14 continues through Bury St Edmunds, past Stowmarket then on to bypass Ipswich via the Orwell Bridge and finally comes to an end at the Port of Felixstowe fully connecting the Midlands to East Anglia.
The road is a dual carriageway, mostly with two lanes each way, but there are some dual three-lane sections: on the Newmarket bypass (between Junctions 36 and 38) where it runs concurrent with the A11, at Kettering (between Junctions 7 and 9) and as of December 2019, with the opening of the Cambridge to Huntington improvement scheme, dual three-lanes between Milton and the A1 Junction at Brampton (Junctions 22 to 33). There is also a short dual four-lane section of the A14 that runs between Bar Hill and the Girton Interchange. There are three at-grade junctions: with the junction 59 at Trimley St Martin in Cambridgeshire (junction 15); at the Leighton Bromswold turn a few miles to the east (junction 17); and at the Dockspur Roundabout at the edge of Felixstowe (junction 60).
There were two additional at-grade roundabouts along the former A14 main route, these being Brampton Hut Interchange (Junction 21) and Spittals Interchange (former Junction 23). However, these junctions are no longer part of the A14 since the opening of the new alignment south of Huntingdon in December 2019.
The old A14 from Huntingdon Spittals interchange to Godmanchester was closed both ways for a 2-year period, and has now reopened in 2022 as part of the A1307, after the Huntingdon railway viaduct has been dismantled. Link roads at Hinchingbrooke and Mill Common will connect the former A14 dual carriageway to the road network in Huntingdon.
History
The current A14 includes parts of the former A45 between Felixstowe and Cambridge, the A604 between Cambridge and Kettering, a short stretch of the former A6 west of Kettering, plus a new link road which was constructed in the early 1990s between there and the M1/M6 interchange at Catthorpe, Leicestershire. Prior to the current A14, the main route from Birmingham to the Haven ports followed the M6, M1, A428 and A45 via Coventry, Rugby, Northampton, Bedford, St Neots and Cambridge, and then went through all the towns on the A14 to Felixstowe. Prior to its use for the current route, the A14 designation had been used for a section of road between the A10 at Royston and the A1 at Alconbury, following part of the route of Ermine Street which is now designated the A1198 to Godmanchester and the A1307 to Alconbury. The section through Huntingdon is currently closed following the opening of the Huntingdon by-pass; Highways England plans to demolish a viaduct carrying the road over the River Great Ouse and the Great Northern railway and build junctions with local roads.
The M45 motorway was constructed in 1959 parallel to part of the old A45 in the Midlands. It opened on the same day as the M1 motorway and was soon one of the busiest sections of the motorway. The M6 opened in the late 1960s and early 1970s, after which more traffic to the ports used the route from junction 1 of the M6 via the A427 to Market Harborough, followed by a short section of the A6 to Kettering and then the A604 to Cambridge, before joining the old A45 to the ports as above. The M45 now carries little traffic.
The sections from Huntingdon east to the ports were upgraded first, starting with the Huntingdon bypass in 1973, followed by the Girton-to-Bar Hill section in 1975/76 and the Cambridge northern bypass and Cambridge/Newmarket section in 1976/77. The Bar Hill-to-Huntingdon section opened in 1979, prior to the M11 which was fully opened in 1980. The Ipswich southern bypass, including the Orwell Bridge, opened between 1982 and 1985.
The A604 between Kettering and Huntingdon was upgraded and the section from Catthorpe to Kettering was constructed between 1989 and 1991 (commonly referred to at the time as the "M1-A1 link road") following a lengthy period of consultation. The first inquiry was in 1974 and then a series of inquiries for sections of the preferred route from September 1984 until June 1985, during which objections came from some 1,130 sources. Subsequent public inquiries were held regarding Supplementary Orders. The route close to the site of the Battle of Naseby was particularly difficult, and was taken to the High Court. The link was opened by Transport Secretary John MacGregor on 15 July 1994.
Work to create a compact grade-separated junction (Junction 45/Rougham) and to re-align a stretch of carriageway was completed in 2006.
Vehicles over 7.5 tonnes traveling east were banned from using the outside lane on a dual two-lane section on a steep climb to Welford summit close to Junction 1 (A5199) from spring 2007; a similar scheme covered of the westbound carriageway from Junction 2, including a particularly steep climb to Naseby summit. The bans are active between 6am and 8pm, and are intended to reduce delays to other traffic from lorries attempting to pass on these climbs.
Between 2007 and 2008 a new section of a two-lane dual carriageway was constructed at the Haughley Bends, one of Suffolk's most notorious accident blackspots, to rationalise access using a new grade-separated junction. The road opened in the summer of 2008 with some associated local works being completed early in 2009.
Variable Message Signs (VMS), traffic queue detection loops and closed circuit TV (CCTV) were installed at a cost of £50M during 2009 to 2010 Both carriageways between Junction 52 (Claydon) and Junction 55 (Copdock) were refurbished during 2010 at a cost of £9 million. Work was being carried out a year earlier than scheduled as part of a UK government's fiscal stimulus package.
The Cambridgeshire Guided Busway connecting Cambridge, Huntingdon and St Ives, which opened in 2011, was intended to remove 5.6% of traffic using that section of the A14 (rising to 11.1% with the new Park & Ride sites), although as other traffic re-routes to the freed-up road space from other parts of the local road network, the net reduction is predicted to be 2.3%.
The Felixstowe and Nuneaton freight capacity scheme, designed to take more lorry traffic off the A14 between the Port and the Midlands by increasing rail capacity and allowing the carriage of larger 'Hi-cube' shipping containers by widening to the W10 loading gauge, opened in 2011.
Junction 55 (Copdock interchange) to the south of Ipswich was signalisation in 2011, along with lengthening the off-slip from the A1214. The section around Kettering between Junctions 7 and 9 was widened to three lanes between November 2013 and April 2015 at a cost of £42m.
After initially being shelved in 2010, the Catthorpe Interchange at the road's Western terminus underwent a massive restructuring in 2014. The redesigned junction was intended to allow free-flowing traffic movement between the A14, the southern terminus of the M6 motorway and Junction 19 of the M1 motorway. The first part opened in September 2016, and the upgrade was completed three months later.
A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme
The plan, originally called the 'A14 Ellington to Fen Ditton', was to include widening from Fen Ditton to Fen Drayton broadly on the existing alignment, and then a new route to be constructed from Fen Drayton to Ellington, the route following a widened A1 for a short distance south of Brampton Interchange. One of the main reasons for the widening and the new road was the volume of traffic using the existing road. This section was heavily used by local traffic, long-distance traffic to/from the M11 to A1(M), and freight traffic to/from Felixstowe and the Midlands. Another reason was the deteriorating condition of the Huntingdon viaduct over the East Coast Main Line. The viaduct was reaching the end of its life and needed replacing, a task that would require closing the road for a long period of time and not improve congestion.
The Highways Agency unveiled its plans in March 2005. Details of the preferred route for the Fen Drayton-to-Fen Ditton section were published in March 2007. The contract was awarded to Costain Skanska Joint Venture on 28 January 2008, which worked on detailed plans for the Highways Agency before publishing a draft order. The scheme was expected to open in stages between 2015 and 2016. The Highways Agency estimated that the widening and the new road would cost in total between £690 million and £1.2 billion, making this the most expensive scheme in its roads programme.
In October 2009 the cost estimate had risen to £1.3 billion with work due to start in 2012 and being completed in winter 2015/2016. The Campaign for Better Transport was opposed to the plans, listing their reasons for objection as the carbon emissions the road would induce, the cost, and its negative impact on non-car travel. The coalition government suspended the scheme when it came into power, with Philip Hammond, the Secretary of State for Transport, suggesting that the scheme would be 'axed', and that the only way it would get built was as a toll road. It was confirmed at the end of October that government money would not pay for the scheme, when Roads Minister Mike Penning said that the scheme was not affordable and no longer offered acceptable value for money. The scheme was officially cancelled in 2010.
In 2011, the government announced an 'A14 Challenge' inviting people to present proposals for the route. The revised scheme was similar to its predecessor and was now known as the 'A14 Cambridge to Huntingdon Improvement Scheme'. It involved widening of the A1 between Brampton and Alconbury, a new Huntingdon southern bypass, widening of the existing A14 from Swavesey to Milton, and a new local access road between Swavesey and Girton. The A14 through Huntingdon around the Huntingdon viaduct would be redundant and the viaduct demolished. In November 2012, it was reported that the scheme might be back on a fast track to implementation and it was mentioned in the June 2013 spending review. The project was approved by the Secretary of State for Transport in May 2016. Work was due to be completed by March 2021 at a cost of £1.2–1.8 billion.
In September 2018, Highways England said it was to ask the Planning Inspectorate to consider giving the upgraded section of A14 motorway status, to be known as the A14(M). However, shortly after the amendment of the Development Consent Order, the announcement came that the new Huntingdon southern bypass, between Brampton and the A1 to Swavesey, was ready a year ahead of schedule. Instead of waiting for the road to be reclassified, Highways England made the decision to withdraw the application so the road could be opened to traffic as soon as possible.
The of new bypass opened a year ahead of schedule from the A14 at Swavesey to the A1 at Brampton on 9 December 2019, and the remainder of the route opened on 5 May 2020. A smart motorway in all but name, the new road has variable message signs and gantries, emergency SOS lay-bys and virtually all non-motorway traffic is prohibited from using the new road (this includes pedestrians, cyclists, horse riders, horses & carriages, motorcycles under 50cc and agricultural vehicles). The new route is also to be supplied with variable speed limits to reduce congestion when legislation is passed to allow this technology to be used on primary roads.
At the same time as the southern section opening, junctions on the A14 between Ellington and Bar Hill were renumbered. This upgraded section of the A14 has fewer junctions than previously; junctions 26 to 30 no longer exist. The section of the old A14 from Godmanchester to the Spittals interchange in Huntingdon was permanently closed after the Huntington bypass opened, in order to remove the Huntingdon viaduct over the East Coast Main Line. The project to build new links to the town centre is to be completed by 2022.
The construction works of the section between Huntingdon and Godmanchester, specifically where the River Great Ouse is crossed, was painted by Michael Murfin, a local artist. The artist's work records various stages of the build, depicting workers on the site and the heavy machinery used in the construction of the viaduct.
Junction list
Identity of the A14 spur from the A1(M) north of Huntingdon
From the A12 west of Ipswich to the M1/M6 junction, the A14 is part of (but not signed as) the E-road E 24, and from Ipswich to Felixstowe it is part of E 30.
The numbering of the A14 is inconsistent with the national road numbering scheme, as it begins in zone 5 and crosses through zone 6 on the way to zone 1 east of Huntingdon to Felixstowe. The road is concurrent with the A12 road from the Seven Hills Interchange to the Copdock Interchange which forms the Ipswich Southern bypass and with the A11 road between junctions 36 and 38.
Until the opening in 2019 of the Huntingdon bypass, there was some confusion as to the identity of the section of road between the A141 junction at Stukeley (Spittals Interchange) and the A1(M). The Ordnance Survey 1:25000 map showed the A-road section as part of the A14 and the motorway section (between the B1043 junction and the A1(M)) as the A14(M). However, some official documents, including the 1993 statutory instrument which authorised the motorway upgrade, referred to it as the A604(M). The same confusion appeared on the former Highways Agency page about the 1996-8 upgrade to the A1(M) between Alconbury and Peterborough. The signs on entering the motorway section, unusually, show a large "start of motorway" symbol with no number, and there are no driver location signs confirming the route number.
Following the opening of the Huntingdon bypass, the former A14 between the A1(M) and the Cambridge Services at Swavesey has been renumbered A1307, with the section through Huntingdon itself closed for the time being. Therefore, the "Alconbury spur" of the former A14 trunk route finally carries a unique road number again, in the form of the A1307. The official number of the former A14(M) stub is not known: some claim it is still A14(M), as the new road did not become a motorway in the end; others claim A604(M), although the lack of an A604 makes this hard to believe; and others still claim it is just a spur of the A1(M), carrying the same number.
East of the Girton Interchange with the M11 at Cambridge, the A14 used to be the A45, and much of the long-distance traffic further west had previously used the A45 route. The section between Cambridge and Kettering used to be the A604, apart from a short section near Kettering that used to be part of the A6. The road which was the A14 until the late 1980s is now the A1198 between Royston, Hertfordshire and Godmanchester.
Longer term plans
The Highways Agency has plans to increase capacity from junction 3 to junction 10 near Kettering 'in the longer term' and also to widen the road throughout Northamptonshire to "help cut the number of accidents and cope with the likely growth in traffic".
Notable incidents
17 November 1998. A lorry collided with the petrol station between Bar Hill and Lolworth. The incident happened shortly before 11am and one person was killed and many others injured. The road was closed and there were huge tailbacks.
26 July 2006. The A14 was closed for 24 hours near Newmarket when a van carrying acetylene gas canisters caught fire and the rescue services were advised by BOC that they could remain unstable and would need 24 hours to cool. Bomb disposal officers were called in and the Red Cross set up a centre in Newmarket for those who were stranded.
References
External links
GO East CHUMMS page containing links to the report documents
Public consultation on Huntingdon Bypass (March 2007)
Roads in England
Roads in Cambridgeshire
Transport in Northamptonshire
Roads in Suffolk
Proposed roads in the United Kingdom
Proposed transport infrastructure in the East of England
Constituent roads of European route E30 |
Goldream (foaled 19 April 2009) is a British racehorse trained by Robert Cowell and formerly trained by Luca Cumani. He's won two Group one races, the King's Stand Stakes and the Prix de l'Abbaye de Longchamp, as well as the group 3 Palace House Stakes. He won all of these in 2015.
References
2009 racehorse births
Racehorses bred in the United Kingdom
Racehorses trained in the United Kingdom
Thoroughbred family 1-u |
The Afghanistan cricket team toured the United Arab Emirates to play the United Arab Emirates cricket team in December 2016. The tour consisted of three Twenty20 International (T20I) matches. Afghanistan won the series 3–0.
Squads
T20I series
1st T20I
2nd T20I
3rd T20I
References
External links
Series home at ESPN Cricinfo
2016 in Emirati cricket
2016 in Afghan cricket
International cricket competitions in 2016–17
Afghan cricket tours of the United Arab Emirates |
Abdelwahid Aboud Mackaye (born 1953) is a Chadian insurgent leader involved in the war to topple the Chadian President Idriss Déby. Originally a fighter in the Democratic Revolutionary Council (CDR) militia during the first Chadian Civil War, under Déby he became a civil servant before defecting to the rebels in 2003. After having been for a time first in the FUC and later in the UFDD, he has founded in 2007 the UFDD-Fundamental, which has participated in February 2008 to the unsuccessful attack on N'Djamena.
A Missiria Arab, Abdelwahid was born in 1953 near to Oum Hadjer in Batha. He fought as a CDR militant in 1980 in the second battle of N'Djamena which saw confronted the President Goukouni Oueddei and his Defence Minister Hissène Habré; during the confrontation Abdelwahid was wounded, and since then he has always limped. Successively he became a civil servant, and occupying under the government of Idriss Déby the office of subprefect.
In 2003 Abdelwahid broke with Déby and passed in open rebellion. He became secretary-general of the Chadian rebel group FIDEL, and, after the group's union with other organizations, one of the leaders of the newly formed United Front for Democratic Change (FUC) rebel alliance, founded in December 2005 and under the presidency of Mahamat Nour Abdelkerim.
On January 19, 2006, Abdelwahid was arrested, along with nineteen other rebels, after participating in an interview to Radio France Internationale in the Sudanese capital of Khartoum, in which he stated that "FUC's relations with the Sudanese government are friendly - very close", and argued that this was in line with the tradition under which successive Chadian rebellions had seized power with some degree of support from Khartoum. The Sudanese government repeatedly denied the accusation of Chadian President Idriss Déby that the Sudanese government was providing financial and material support to the FUC. He was released from jail shortly after. His arrest was denounced by the Dakar-based human rights organization (RADDHO)
Abdelwahid organized in April together with Nour the attack on the capital, which ended in a defeat for the rebels. During those days Déby arrested for fear of collusion with the rebels the general Ahmat Fadoul Makaye, the Chadian army's Deputy Chief of Staff and cousin of Abdelwahid. He was cleared of all suspicions and freed three days later. The latter was removed on September 26 with Issa Moussa Tamboulé from the FUC's political bureau; he was allegedly suspected of secretly plotting with the Déby government. Around the same time Abdelwahid, who represented an Arab faction increasingly hostile to Nour since his failed attack, using his position of secretary-general destituted Nour.
Following this, Abdelwahid with a group of FUC dissidents united with Acheikh ibn Oumar's Democratic Revolutionary Council (CDR) and Mahamat Nouri's Union of Forces for Progress and Democracy (UFPD) to found on October 22 the Union of Forces for Democracy and Development (UFDD).
In April 2007, a major crisis shook the UFDD, when the Vice-President Acheikh ibn Oumar demanded Nouri a major role to his men in movement's apparatus. Nouri refused and expelled Acheikh and consolidated the control of his ethnic group, the Gorane, over the UFDD
After Acheikh, also Abdelwahid, anxious to retake his freedom of movement from Nouri, left the UFDD and founded in May with Acheikh a new armed group, the Union of Forces for Democracy and Development-Fundamental (UFDD-F), an Arab-dominated group estimated to count on about 500 militants.
Abdelwahid took part to the peace talks held through Libyan mediation in Tripoli between the Chadian government and the leaders of four rebel movements, the UFDD with Nouri, the Rassemblement des Forces pour le Changement (RFC) with Timane Erdimi, The Chadian National Concord with Hassan Saleh al-Djinedi and the UFDD-F. At the beginning of the talks on June 23, Abdelwahid stated that the "problem is mostly of a constitutional order", adding that they "demand a revision of the constitution to reopen the road to transition". An important stage in the talks was reached on October 3 when the government and the four rebel groups signed an accord in Tripoli on power-sharing in the government and the integration of the rebel forces in the Chadian army. Among the rebel leaders, Abdelwahid was the only one to call the paper signed a "definitive accord", while the others only considered it provisional. Due to the latters objection the four rebel leaders signed on October 25 a new accord in Surt, presumed to be definitive, under which the armed movements would disarm in November and become political parties.
The accord was broken already on November 26, giving way to violent fighting between the rebels and the government. In December, due to Sudanese pressures, reapproached himself to Nouri and Erdimi, forming with them in mid-December a Unified Military Command with Abderahman Koulamallah as spokesman. Abdelwahit claimed that after his bases within Sudan were attacked twice by the Chad Air Force, first on December 28 and later on January 6, 2008.
By the end of January, the three rebels leaders put on the ground 3,000 men for an attack on the capital to deal onca and for all with Déby. The forces reach the capital, but are defeated after a battle that leaves 160 dead on the ground, forcing the rebels to retreat.
Notes
1953 births
Living people
Chadian rebels
Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)
Baggara Arabs
People from Batha Region |
Roger Mills may refer to:
Roger H. Mills (1813–1881), American politician and lawyer in Connecticut
Roger Q. Mills (1832–1911), U.S. Representative and Senator from Texas
Roger Mills County, Oklahoma, named in his honor
Roger Mills (badminton) (born 1942), English badminton player
Roger Mills (racewalker) (born 1948), British race walker
Roger Mills (speedway rider) (born c. 1950), British speedway rider
Roger W. Mills (born 1951), British economist
Mills, Roger |
```javascript
/*! Select2 4.0.1 | path_to_url */
(function(){if(jQuery&&jQuery.fn&&jQuery.fn.select2&&jQuery.fn.select2.amd)var e=jQuery.fn.select2.amd;return e.define("select2/i18n/vi",[],function(){return{inputTooLong:function(e){var t=e.input.length-e.maximum,n="Vui lng nhp t hn "+t+" k t";return t!=1&&(n+="s"),n},inputTooShort:function(e){var t=e.minimum-e.input.length,n="Vui lng nhp nhiu hn "+t+' k t"';return n},loadingMore:function(){return"ang ly thm kt qu"},maximumSelected:function(e){var t="Ch c th chn c "+e.maximum+" la chn";return t},noResults:function(){return"Khng tm thy kt qu"},searching:function(){return"ang tm"}}}),{define:e.define,require:e.require}})();
``` |
Pottsville usually refers to the city of Pottsville, Pennsylvania, in the United States.
Pottsville may also refer to:
Other communities
Pottsville, New South Wales, Australia
Pottsville, Arkansas, United States
Pottsville, Kentucky, United States
Pottsville, Texas, United States
Pottsville, Ontario, Canada - destroyed in 1911 due to Great Porcupine Fire
Geology
Pottsville Escarpment, a resistant sandstone belt in eastern Kentucky, USA
Pottsville Formation, a bedrock unit in the Appalachian Mountains of North America
Sports
Pottsville Colts, a defunct American minor league baseball club that played from 1883 to 1907 in Pennsylvania
Pottsville Maroons, a now-defunct American football team that played from 1925 to 1929 in Pennsylvania
Other
Pottsville Area School District (Pennsylvania)
See also
Pottstown (disambiguation) |
Anthony Upton (1656-1718) was an English-born judge, much of whose career was spent in Ireland. He was a close friend of the poet William King, who lived for a time at Mountown, Upton's country house near Dublin. Upton was accused by his critics of neglecting his official duties, but he showed a notably enlightened attitude at the Islandmagee witch trial of 1711, where he urged the jury, without success, to acquit the accused women. He was removed from the Bench in 1714, on account of his political affiliation, and returned to England, where he committed suicide for unknown reasons in 1718.
Early life
He was born at Monken Hadley in Middlesex (now a suburb of north London; little is known of his family. He was educated at Oxford, first at Trinity College and then at All Souls College, from which he graduated in 1674. He entered Lincoln's Inn and was called to the Bar in 1683.
Friendship with William King
He was appointed a judge of the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland) in 1702. He acquired a comfortable house at Mountown, previously the family home of the noted writer Sir Richard Steele, near present-day Monkstown, County Dublin. He was accused by his political opponents of spending most of his time at Mountown, to the neglect of his office, in the company of his friend, the poet William King. King wrote one of his best-known poems, Mully of Mountown (a mock ode to a red cow) while staying with Upton. They shared a taste for poetry and a keen enjoyment of country life. Since King was also a Crown official, who held several senior positions including Judge Advocate and Commissioner for Prizes, there may be some justice in the criticism that they were both neglecting their official duties.<ref>"William King" in Cibber, Shiels "Lives of the Poets 1753 p.228</ref> It was said that the pair 'thought of nothing but spending their last years in their rural retreat"; but in the event, King returned to England in 1708 and died there in 1712.
Upton, to do him justice, was not alone in neglecting his official duties: his colleague Sir Gilbert Dolben, 1st Baronet, despite his position on the Irish Court of Common Pleas, refused to vacate his seat in the House of Commons of England and spent part of every year in England.
Witch trials
On at least one occasion Upton showed himself to be a responsible and humane judge: this was at the Islandmagee witch trial in 1711. These were apparently the last witchcraft trials in Ireland, and are said to have originated in a dispute between two Protestant factions, the accusers being non-conformists while the accused were Anglicans. Eight women- Janet Mean, Janet Latimer, Janet Miller, Margaret Mitchell, Catherine McCalmond, Janet Liston, Elizabeth Seller and Janet Carson- were accused of bewitching a young woman called Mary Dunbar.
Upton in his summing-up to the jury did not deny the existence of witchcraft- which would be a very advanced view for the time- rather he dwelt on the good character of the accused. Since witches were expected to renounce churchgoing on giving their allegiance to the Devil, he pointed to the accuseds' regular attendance at church as evidence of their innocence (a similar point had been frequently made during the Salem witch trials of 1692) and referred to their accuser Mary Dunbar's evidence as "visionary imaginings" (another echo of the Salem trials, where the mental health of the accusers was a crucial issue). He told the jury that they "could not bring the accused in guilty upon such evidence".
Unfortunately for the accused, his fellow judge James Macartney urged the jury to convict, which they duly did. Since witchcraft was, in theory, a capital crime, the sentence- a year in prison and four sessions in the pillory- may seem relatively lenient, although it is said that the convicts were treated very roughly by an angry crowd while being pilloried. However Upton's enlightened attitude may have helped to ensure that there were no further witch trials in Ireland.
Death
On the death of Queen Anne in 1714, her Irish judges were removed en masse'' and most of them were in temporary political disgrace. No permanent damage was done to their reputation or their subsequent careers, but Upton perhaps felt the disgrace more keenly than the others. Abandoning his beloved home at Mountown, he returned to England and resumed his practice at the English Bar, but in 1718, while suffering from what was described as "delirium", he cut his throat.
References
1656 births
1718 deaths
Alumni of All Souls College, Oxford
Members of Lincoln's Inn
Suicides by sharp instrument in England
Justices of the Irish Common Pleas
People from Monken Hadley
18th-century suicides
18th-century Irish judges |
```jsx
import React from 'react';
import PropTypes from 'prop-types';
import { connect } from 'react-redux';
import styled from 'styled-components';
import { getPlayerCounts } from '../../../../actions';
import Table from '../../../Table';
import Container from '../../../Container';
import playerCountsColumns from './playerCountsColumns';
const StyledContainer = styled.div`
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
flex-wrap: wrap;
`;
const StyledTableContainer = styled.div`
flex-grow: 1;
overflow-x: auto;
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 5px;
`;
const Counts = ({
counts, error, loading, strings,
}) => (
<StyledContainer>
{Object.keys(counts).map(key => (
<StyledTableContainer key={key}>
<Container title={strings[`heading_${key}`]} error={error} loading={loading}>
<Table columns={playerCountsColumns(strings)} data={counts[key].list} />
</Container>
</StyledTableContainer>
))}
</StyledContainer>
);
Counts.propTypes = {
counts: PropTypes.oneOfType([
PropTypes.shape({}),
PropTypes.array,
]),
error: PropTypes.string,
loading: PropTypes.bool,
strings: PropTypes.shape({}),
};
const getData = (props) => {
props.getPlayerCounts(props.playerId, props.location.search);
};
class RequestLayer extends React.Component {
static propTypes = {
playerId: PropTypes.string,
location: PropTypes.shape({
key: PropTypes.string,
}),
strings: PropTypes.shape({}),
}
componentDidMount() {
getData(this.props);
}
componentDidUpdate(prevProps) {
if (this.props.playerId !== prevProps.playerId || this.props.location.key !== prevProps.location.key) {
getData(this.props);
}
}
render() {
return (
<Counts {...this.props} />
);
}
}
const mapStateToProps = state => ({
counts: state.app.playerCounts.data,
error: state.app.playerCounts.error,
loading: state.app.playerCounts.loading,
strings: state.app.strings,
});
const mapDispatchToProps = dispatch => ({
getPlayerCounts: (playerId, options) => dispatch(getPlayerCounts(playerId, options)),
});
export default connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps)(RequestLayer);
``` |
Jordan Schakel (born June 13, 1998) is an American professional basketball player for the Maine Celtics of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the San Diego State Aztecs. Throughout his college career, Schakel scored 225 field goals from behind the 3-point line, ranking third in SDSU's history, and ended his college career with a total 1,034 points. He averaged 42.7 percent from behind the three-point line and 46.11 percent during his final year, ranking third nationally in the 2020–21 season. Schakel graduated with a degree in marketing from the SDSU Fowler College of Business and was named a Scholar Athlete in each semester.
Before joining the Aztecs, Schakel graduated from Bishop Montgomery High School in Torrance, California. In high school, he was part of the team that won the state's Division IV Championship of California Interscholastic Federation in his freshman year and, as a senior, helped his team win the Open Division Championship, the top high school basketball title in California. Schakel was ranked by ESPN as a 4-star recruit of the class of 2017 and was named to the first-team All-CIF, All-Del Rey League, and All-CIF Southern Section Open Division, and the Daily Breeze All-Area First Team.
Early life
Schakel was born on June 13, 1998, in Torrance, California. He began playing football and basketball at an early age. In third grade, he played in a local 3-on-3 basketball tournament in Long Beach, California.
High school career
As a freshman on the Bishop Montgomery High School basketball team, Schakel played in the CIF State Division IV Championship. As a sophomore, his team instead took part in the top Open Division championships. In Spring 2015 postseason, they made it as far as to win the Southern Section championship game over Etiwanda High School in which Schakel scored nineteen points, ten of which in a single quarter. He has played on the Bishop Montgomery basketball team for all four years of his high school career. In December 2015, Schakel was named MVP of the Mission Prep Christmas Classic in which his team was tournament champions. He is notable for his three-point shooting prowess, scoring 81 three-pointers in 2016.
During the 2017 season, Schakel led his team during the CIF Southern Section Open Division semifinals win over No. 1-seed Sierra Canyon. In this game on February 24, 2017, he scored 20 points in the 70–63 upset which included a game-changing series of three consecutive three-point field goals. Schakel broke his high school's record for most career wins.
He also played an important part in his team winning the championship in the state's top division. On March 25, 2017, Schakel scored twenty points with four three-pointers in Bishop Montgomery's 74–67 win over Woodcreek High School to become CIF State Open Division champions. He led the team in rebounds in 2017 and finished his career with a program-record 118 wins. Schakel was named to the first-team All-CIF, All-Del Rey League, and All-CIF Southern Section Open Division, and the Daily Breeze All-Area First Team. He graduated from high school with a 4.2 grade point average.
Recruiting
In July 2016, Schakel announced his commitment to attend San Diego State University (SDSU) beginning in fall 2017. In doing so, he turned down offers from USC, where both his parents attended college, as well as Stanford University, Rice University and the University of California, Berkeley. In November 2016, he affirmed his commitment in writing.
College career
In 2017–18 season with the San Diego State Aztecs men's basketball team, Schakel participated in 33 games averaging 14 minutes per game. The freshman scored 106 points, with 12 steals, 19 assists, 27 three-pointers, and only 9 turnovers in 455 minutes of playing time for the season. After winning the Mountain West Conference tournament, his team qualified as 11 seed at the 2018 NCAA tournament but lost in the first round to 21-seed Houston Cougars 67–65.
As a sophomore in the 2018–19 season, Schakel started in 16 of the 28 games in which he participated, averaging 23.3 minutes per game. He scored 207 points, with 22 steals, 30 assists, 44 three-pointers, and only 15 turnovers in 651 minutes of playing time for the season. The team made it to the final game of the 2019 Mountain West Conference tournament but lost to Utah State and failed to qualify for the NCAA tournament.
As a junior in the 2019–20 season, Schakel became a regular starter, averaging 10 points and 3.4 rebounds per game. He started in 31 of the 32 games he participated in and recorded 27 steals, 18 assists, 2 blocks, and only 17 turnovers in 850 minutes of playing time. On February 12, 2020, SDSU clinched the Mountain West Conference regular-season title. The Aztecs only lost a single game in the regular season. The team had its second loss in the finals of the 2020 Mountain West Conference tournament and were projected to be a top seed in the NCAA tournament before it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2020–21 season, Schakel scored on 46.11 percent of his 3-pointer attempts, ranking third in the nation. He was twice named Mountain West Conference's Player of the Week during the season. On January 4, 2021, Schakel recorded 28 points and nine rebounds in a 78–65 win over Colorado State. He made eight three-pointers, the second-most in a game in program history. On March 3, 2021, SDSU clinched the Mountain West Conference regular-season title for the second year in row. At the 2021 Mountain West Conference tournament, the team beat Utah State 68–57 to win the conference tournament championship, with Schakel named to the All-Tournament Team. The Aztecs were seeded 6th in the 2021 NCAA tournament but lost in the first round to 11-seed Syracuse Orange.
Throughout his college career, Schakel scored 225 field goals from behind the 3-point line, ranking third in SDSU's history, and ended his college career with a total 1,034 points. He finished his career as SDSU's all-time leader in career free-throw percentage at 87 percent. San Diego State announced that Schakel will participate in the State Farm College 3-point Championships. A few hours later, Schakel announced he would pursue a professional career by entering the 2021 NBA draft. He graduated with a degree in marketing from the SDSU Fowler College of Business and was named a Scholar Athlete in each semester of college.
Professional career
Washington Wizards / Capital City Go-Go (2021–2023)
After going undrafted in the 2021 NBA draft, Schakel joined the Golden State Warriors for the 2021 NBA Summer League and later joined the Sacramento Kings in the Las Vegas Summer League. The Kings, including Schakel, won the Summer League Championship in 2021. On September 21, 2021, he signed with the Washington Wizards. However, he was waived by the Wizards on October 13. Thirteen days later, Schakel joined the Capital City Go-Go as an affiliate player. In 14 games,he averaged 13.8 points and 3.2 rebounds per game while shooting .396 from three-point range. He led the NBA G League in made threes during that stretch with 44.
On December 22, 2021, Schakel signed a 10-day contract with the Washington Wizards. On January 1, 2022, Schakel was reacquired and activated by the Capital City Go-Go after his 10-day contract expired.
On March 9, 2022, Schakel signed a two-way contract with the Washington Wizards. He appeared in 4 games for the Washington Wizards during the 2021–22 NBA season.
On November 20, 2022, Schakel was waived by the Wizards. On November 23, he was reacquired by the Capital City Go-Go.
Santa Cruz Warriors (2023)
On January 11, 2023, Schakel was traded to the Santa Cruz Warriors.
Maine Celtics (2023–present)
On September 27, 2023, Schakel signed with the Boston Celtics, but was waived the next day. On October 28, 2023, Schakel was added to the Maine Celtics training camp roster.
Career statistics
NBA
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Washington
| 4 || 0 || 7.5 || .091 || .167 || 1.000 || 2.0 || .0 || .3 || .0 || 1.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Washington
| 2 || 0 || 3.0 || .500 || 1.000 || – || .0 || .5 || .5 || .0 || 1.5
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 6 || 0 || 6.0 || .154 || .286 || 1.000 || 1.3 || .2 || .3 || .0 || 1.3
College
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2017–18
| style="text-align:left;"| San Diego State
| 33 || 0 || 13.8 || .330 || .346 || .684 || 2.1 || .6 || .4 || .1 || 3.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2018–19
| style="text-align:left;"| San Diego State
| 28 || 16 || 23.3 || .447 || .415 || .841 || 3.6 || 1.1 || .8 || .1 || 7.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2019–20
| style="text-align:left;"| San Diego State
| 32 || 31 || 26.5 || .453 || .436 || .927 || 3.4 || .6 || .8 || .1 || 10.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2020–21
| style="text-align:left;"| San Diego State
| 28 || 27 || 29.2 || .473 || .461 || .908 || 4.4 || 1.0 || 1.0 || .1 || 14.4
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 121 || 74 || 22.9 || .443 || .427 || .870 || 3.3 || .8 || .7 || .1 || 8.5
Personal life
Schakel's mother, Dr. Stefanie Bodison, is a former All-American volleyball player at USC and an assistant professor at the University of Florida.
References
External links
San Diego State Aztecs bio
1998 births
Living people
American men's basketball players
Basketball players from Torrance, California
Capital City Go-Go players
Shooting guards
Small forwards
San Diego State Aztecs men's basketball players
Santa Cruz Warriors players
Undrafted National Basketball Association players
Washington Wizards players |
Ernston is a neighborhood in Sayreville in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It was a stop on the Camden and Amboy Railroad.
In 1876, when the newly-formed Township of Sayreville was created from approximately of South Amboy's surroundings, Ernston was consolidated with Morgan, Melrose, and Sayre's Village under one municipal government.
See also
List of neighborhoods in Sayreville, New Jersey
References
Neighborhoods in Sayreville, New Jersey |
Premier Christianity is a monthly Evangelical Christian magazine published in the United Kingdom. The magazine was started in 1965 as a newsletter with name Buzz. It was sponsored by the organization Music Gospel Outreach (MGO) and shared a similar youth-focus with MGO and the soon arriving Jesus movement and the popularity of Jesus music, which boosted evangelical youth culture in the United Kingdom.
Reaching a circulation of 31,500 in 1980, Buzz became the best-selling Christian news publication in the United Kingdom. In October 1988, publishers Elm House Christian communications, based in New Malden, Surrey relaunched the magazine as Twenty First Century Christian. Circulation fell to only 18,000 by 1989.
The name was subsequently changed to Alpha as the youth-focused publishing enterprise reoriented towards an adult audience. Youthwork magazine was launched as a supplement to Alpha and became its own independent magazine in 1992.
Acquired by Trinity Square in 1996, Alpha was rebranded Christianity.
Premier Media Group acquired Christianity in 1999. In 2001, the new publishers merged the magazine with Renewal, which they also owned, titling the combined publication Christianity and Renewal. The title changed back to Christianity in 2004 and then was updated again to Premier Christianity in 2014.
Notes
External links
1965 establishments in the United Kingdom
Monthly magazines published in the United Kingdom
Religious magazines published in the United Kingdom
Christian magazines
Magazines established in 1965 |
The JSC Admiralty Shipyards () (formerly Soviet Shipyard No. 194) is one of the oldest and largest shipyards in Russia, located in Saint Petersburg. The shipyard's building ways can accommodate ships of up to , in length and in width. Military products include naval warships such as nuclear and diesel-powered submarines and large auxiliaries.
History
The shipyard was founded as the Galley Yard by Peter the Great during the Great Northern War on 5 November 1704 and located in the open ground along the Neva River behind the Admiralty building. It was administered by the Russian Admiralty, hence its later name. In 1721 it was renamed Galley Wharf and in 1800 the New Admiralty Yard, supplementing and in 1841 soon replacing the Galley Wharf. In 1908, it was renamed the Admiralty Shipyard. In 1937 its two sections were known as Andre Marti and Sudomekh, Shipyards No. 194 and No. 196, respectively. In 1966 it once again became the New Admiralty Shipyard as in 1800 and, in 1972, the Leningrad Admiralty Association. The latest name changes occurred in 1992 – State Enterprise "Admiralty Wharves" – and in 2001 – Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Admiralty Wharves". Finally, in 2008, it became an open stock company – OAO "Admiralty Wharves".
From its founding through 1917 the shipyard built more than 1000 vessels and ships, including 137 large sail warships, about 700 medium and small sail and oared vessels, and more than 100 iron ships, including 25 armored warships and 8 cruisers. In 1959 it delivered the world's first non-naval nuclear-powered vessel, the icebreaker .
In the 19th century it was a major builder of battleships and submarines and cruisers in the 20th. Since the mid-1950s its surface-ship facilities have specialized in large merchant ships, icebreakers, large rescue and salvage ships, fish-factory ships, floating dry docks, and a few naval auxiliaries.
Examples of non-military production from the Admiralty Wharves abound in St. Petersburg, from the bronze tablets, candelabra, and angel of the Alexander Column in Palace Square, the statuary and roof of St. Isaac's Cathedral, a number of bridges over the canals, and most of the ornate cast iron fencing in old St. Petersburg. All were products of the shipyard's foundry.
Submarines
In 1966, the shipyard delivered the Victor I-class nuclear attack submarine, and later the Victor II and Victor III-class submarines as well as the titanium hulled .
From 1973 to 1998, the shipyard has built 298 submarines, including 41 nuclear submarines, as well as 68 submersibles. The specialized submersibles produced include the civilian Sever-2 (1969), Tinro-2 (1972), Bentos (1975–1982), Tetis (1976), Osa, Argus, and Osmotr (1988) types, plus the naval Lima, Uniform, Xray, Beluga, and Paltus classes.
Admiralty Shipyards still specializes in submarine shipbuilding. The most recently built submarines include s () and the smaller Petersburg/ (). In 1992 Iran purchased two Kilo-class submarines for $600 million from the United Admiralty Sudomekh shipyard, with an option to buy a third. The shipyard's latest development are the Lada-class submarine and its export version, the , which does not yet have a customer.
A unique deep-sea research vehicle "Konsul" is the first Russian deep-diving vehicle of the third generation, capable of diving as deep as and working for 10 hours using a manipulator as well as lifting to the surface a load of up to . The construction of underwater vessels constitutes 70% of the total production volume of the shipyard. Out of all submarines built in the world, 15% by tonnage are produced at the Admiralty Shipyards.
Admiralty Shipyards in St. Petersburg will build six Kilo-class diesel-electric submarines for delivery to Vietnam, the Russian business daily Kommersant said in April 2009. The paper quoted company general director Vladimir Aleksandrov as saying that Russia's state arms exporter Rosoboronexport would soon sign a contract with a foreign state, and that Admiralty Shipyards had been chosen to fulfill this contract. Sources in Rosoboronexport later confirmed that Russia and Vietnam had been negotiating a $1.8 billion deal on the delivery of six Kilo-class submarines to the Vietnamese navy for about a year. Admiralty Shipyards is currently building two Kilo-class submarines for Algeria to be delivered in 2009 and 2010.
Oil tankers
In the 1990s, Admiralty Shipyards became a joint stock company and in 1997 it started construction of ice class tankers of , designed for simultaneous transportation of up to four different cargo grades. The tanker has double hull and is able to run in solid-ice up to a half-meter thick at a speed of 1½–2 knots. During recent years the shipyard constructed five ships for Russia's largest oil company (Lukoil)—Astrakhan, Magas, Kaliningrad, Saratov, Usinsk. All of which are working on the Northern Sea Route.
Present day
Military shipbuilding consists of orders from the Russian Ministry of Defense and export orders for foreign governments. The shipyard's military orders are primarily submarines, but also include non-military repair, modernization and building of other underwater technical innovations for oceanic development.
The shipyard announced on December 24, 2022 that general director Alexander Buzakov had died suddenly that day. it did not give a reason. He had been in the job since August 2011. United Shipbuilding Corporation released a statement: “The United Shipbuilding Corporation, the Admiralty Shipyards and the entire national shipbuilding industry have suffered an irreparable loss, as Alexander Sergeevich Buzakov, Director General of the Admiralty Shipyards, passed away at the age of 66,”
Extension on Kotlin Island
It is unknown what will happen with the project to have new shipyards built on Kotlin Island. These shipyards were to be created specifically for building of two amphibious-assault ships. The construction of these ships is all but cancelled.
Facilities and services
See also
Charles Baird (engineer)
Baltic Shipyard
Severnaya Verf
Sovkomflot
List of ships of Russia by project number
Notes
Bibliography
External links
Made in Russia:Admiralty Shipyard (English)
Shipbuilding companies of Imperial Russia
Shipbuilding companies of the Soviet Union
Manufacturing companies based in Saint Petersburg
1704 establishments in Russia
Ships built at Admiralty Shipyard
Companies nationalised by the Soviet Union
United Shipbuilding Corporation |
Abdul Ali Sabri Mohamed Raheem (born 5 January 1963) is a Sri Lankan politician and Member of Parliament.
Raheem was born on 5 January 1963. He is the All Ceylon Makkal Congress' organizer for Puttalam District
Raheem contested the 2020 parliamentary election as a Muslim National Alliance electoral alliance candidate in Puttalam District and was elected to the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
He voted in favor of 20 Amendment which brought by the Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna to strengthen the president.
References
1963 births
All Ceylon Makkal Congress politicians
Living people
Members of the 16th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan Muslims |
```yaml
_type: export
__export_format: 4
__export_date: 2022-02-24T01:02:16.537Z
__export_source: insomnia.desktop.app:v2022.1.0-beta.0
resources:
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parentId: fld_9fd59e794fe5455692a3c33af67f7668
modified: 1715935264320
created: 1715935207910
url: "path_to_url"
name: Request with Inherited Auth
description: ""
method: GET
body: {}
preRequestScript: ""
parameters: []
headers:
- name: User-Agent
value: insomnia/9.2.0
authentication: {}
metaSortKey: -1715935264244
isPrivate: false
pathParameters: []
settingStoreCookies: true
settingSendCookies: true
settingDisableRenderRequestBody: false
settingEncodeUrl: true
settingRebuildPath: true
settingFollowRedirects: global
_type: request
- _id: fld_9fd59e794fe5455692a3c33af67f7668
parentId: fld_e45987966c224b63b68b09b34687209c
modified: 1715935256495
created: 1715935256495
name: Inherit Auth Folder
description: ""
environment: {}
environmentPropertyOrder: null
metaSortKey: -1715935256495
preRequestScript: ""
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authentication: {}
_type: request_group
- _id: fld_e45987966c224b63b68b09b34687209c
parentId: wrk_392055e2aa29457b9d2904396cd7631f
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name: Folder Level Auth Code
description: ""
environment: {}
environmentPropertyOrder: null
metaSortKey: -1715935030239
preRequestScript: ""
afterResponseScript: ""
authentication:
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authorizationUrl: "path_to_url"
clientId: "authorization_code"
clientSecret: "secret"
disabled: false
grantType: authorization_code
redirectUrl: "path_to_url"
responseType: id_token
scope: openid offline_access
state: ""
type: oauth2
usePkce: false
credentialsInBody: "false"
tokenPrefix: ""
_type: request_group
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url: "path_to_url"
name: No PKCE
description: ""
method: GET
body: {}
parameters: []
headers: []
authentication:
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clientId: "authorization_code"
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created: 1645220798234
name: OAuth Testing
description: ""
scope: collection
_type: workspace
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parentId: fld_0e50ba4426bb4540ade91e0525ea1f29
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url: "path_to_url"
name: PKCE SHA256
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parameters: []
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authentication:
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clientId: "authorization_code_pkce"
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disabled: false
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created: 1645543526615
url: "path_to_url"
name: PKCE Plain
description: ""
method: GET
body: {}
parameters: []
headers: []
authentication:
accessTokenUrl: "path_to_url"
authorizationUrl: "path_to_url"
clientId: "authorization_code_pkce"
clientSecret: "secret"
disabled: false
grantType: authorization_code
redirectUrl: "path_to_url"
responseType: id_token
scope: openid offline_access
state: ""
type: oauth2
usePkce: true
pkceMethod: plain
credentialsInBody: "false"
metaSortKey: -1000000137.5
isPrivate: false
settingStoreCookies: true
settingSendCookies: true
settingDisableRenderRequestBody: false
settingEncodeUrl: true
settingRebuildPath: true
settingFollowRedirects: global
_type: request
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parentId: fld_d34790add1584643b6688c3add5bbe85
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url: "path_to_url"
name: ID Token
description: ""
method: GET
body: {}
parameters: []
headers: []
authentication:
accessTokenUrl: "path_to_url"
authorizationUrl: "path_to_url"
clientId: "implicit"
clientSecret: "secret"
disabled: false
grantType: implicit
redirectUrl: "path_to_url"
responseType: id_token
scope: openid
state: ""
type: oauth2
usePkce: false
credentialsInBody: "false"
tokenPrefix: ""
metaSortKey: -1000000237.5
isPrivate: false
settingStoreCookies: true
settingSendCookies: true
settingDisableRenderRequestBody: false
settingEncodeUrl: true
settingRebuildPath: true
settingFollowRedirects: global
_type: request
- _id: fld_d34790add1584643b6688c3add5bbe85
parentId: wrk_392055e2aa29457b9d2904396cd7631f
modified: 1645545802354
created: 1645545802354
name: Implicit
description: ""
environment: {}
environmentPropertyOrder: null
metaSortKey: -1644942229994
_type: request_group
- _id: req_1ba50492c71445e398f63a7f00aee9fd
parentId: fld_d34790add1584643b6688c3add5bbe85
modified: 1645664219446
created: 1645567186775
url: "path_to_url"
name: ID and Access Token
description: ""
method: GET
body: {}
parameters: []
headers: []
authentication:
accessTokenUrl: "path_to_url"
authorizationUrl: "path_to_url"
clientId: "implicit"
clientSecret: "secret"
disabled: false
grantType: implicit
redirectUrl: "path_to_url"
responseType: id_token token
scope: openid
state: ""
type: oauth2
usePkce: false
credentialsInBody: "false"
tokenPrefix: ""
metaSortKey: -1000000212.5
isPrivate: false
settingStoreCookies: true
settingSendCookies: true
settingDisableRenderRequestBody: false
settingEncodeUrl: true
settingRebuildPath: true
settingFollowRedirects: global
_type: request
- _id: req_2b14ff638149403bb1f5ea77a4e9427f
parentId: wrk_392055e2aa29457b9d2904396cd7631f
modified: 1645664219861
created: 1645637343873
url: "path_to_url"
name: Client Credentials
description: ""
method: GET
body: {}
parameters: []
headers: []
authentication:
accessTokenUrl: "path_to_url"
authorizationUrl: "path_to_url"
clientId: "client_credentials"
clientSecret: "secret"
disabled: false
grantType: client_credentials
redirectUrl: "path_to_url"
responseType: id_token
scope: openid
state: ""
type: oauth2
usePkce: false
credentialsInBody: "false"
tokenPrefix: ""
username: foo
password: bar
metaSortKey: -1644716158937.375
isPrivate: false
settingStoreCookies: true
settingSendCookies: true
settingDisableRenderRequestBody: false
settingEncodeUrl: true
settingRebuildPath: true
settingFollowRedirects: global
_type: request
- _id: req_cf8a55d9b4144632a5528a5147a24540
parentId: wrk_392055e2aa29457b9d2904396cd7631f
modified: 1645664220407
created: 1645636233910
url: "path_to_url"
name: Resource Owner Password Credentials
description: ""
method: GET
body: {}
parameters: []
headers: []
authentication:
accessTokenUrl: "path_to_url"
authorizationUrl: "path_to_url"
clientId: "resource_owner"
clientSecret: "secret"
disabled: false
grantType: password
redirectUrl: "path_to_url"
responseType: id_token
scope: openid
state: ""
type: oauth2
usePkce: false
credentialsInBody: "false"
tokenPrefix: ""
username: foo
password: bar
metaSortKey: -1644603123409.0625
isPrivate: false
settingStoreCookies: true
settingSendCookies: true
settingDisableRenderRequestBody: false
settingEncodeUrl: true
settingRebuildPath: true
settingFollowRedirects: global
_type: request
- _id: env_aaaa7f21b1f145528b6b5f4518afc3f7
parentId: wrk_392055e2aa29457b9d2904396cd7631f
modified: 1645661876119
created: 1645220798237
name: Base Environment
data: {}
dataPropertyOrder: null
color: null
isPrivate: false
metaSortKey: 1639556944617
_type: environment
- _id: jar_b77a8c522418461e85eed9e37c9a6232
parentId: wrk_392055e2aa29457b9d2904396cd7631f
modified: 1645220798245
created: 1645220798245
name: Default Jar
cookies: []
_type: cookie_jar
- _id: spc_e72f1a13dbe9464c993b2f9c0fa0782d
parentId: wrk_392055e2aa29457b9d2904396cd7631f
modified: 1645220798327
created: 1645220798253
fileName: OAuth Testing
contents: ""
contentType: yaml
_type: api_spec
``` |
```java
/*
* Neo4j Sweden AB [path_to_url
*
* This file is part of Neo4j.
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package apoc.export.csv;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.MappingIterator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
public class CsvTestUtil {
public static final CsvMapper CSV_MAPPER;
static {
CSV_MAPPER = new CsvMapper();
CSV_MAPPER.enable(CsvParser.Feature.WRAP_AS_ARRAY);
}
public static void saveCsvFile(String fileName, String content) throws IOException {
Files.write(Paths.get("src/test/resources/csv-inputs/" + fileName + ".csv"), content.getBytes());
}
public static List<String[]> toCollection(String csv) {
try {
MappingIterator<String[]> it = CSV_MAPPER
.readerFor(String[].class)
// .with(CsvSchema.emptySchema().withHeader())
.<String[]>readValues(csv.getBytes());
return it.readAll();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
``` |
This is a comprehensive list of songs by the Pixies, an American alternative rock band. This list includes album tracks, B-sides, demos, live recordings and remixes of songs written by one or more of the band's members or songs covered by the band; it does not include songs that members of the Pixies wrote, recorded or performed with Frank Black and the Catholics, The Breeders, The Martinis, or any solo projects.
All songs written by Black Francis, except as noted.
Pixies |
Blueprint is an album by Natalie MacMaster, released in 2003 on the Rounder Records label.
Track listing
"A Blast" – 5:27
"Bishop Faber MacDonald's Strathspey"
"Frank & Julie Leahy's Strathspey"
"Maggie Cameron's Stratspey"
"Bill Burnett's Reel"
"Mrs. MacPherson of Invernan"
"Appropriate Dipstick" – 3:31
"Jig Party" – 4:02
Traditional Jig
"The Butlers of Glen Avenue"
"Tee Tie Tum Tittle Tee"
"Annette's Chatter"
"Touch of the Master's Hand" – 3:14
"Eternal Friendship" – 4:27
"Gravel Shore" – 4:45
"Gravel Shore"
"Reel for Carl"
"The Street Player"
"Devil and the Dirk" – 4:44
"The Carignan Clog"
"The Devil and the Dirk"
"Lord Gordon's Reel"
"Golden Lochs"
"The Ewe With the Crooked Horn" – 5:37
"The Ewie wi' the Crookit Horn"
"The Ashplant"
"Johsefin's Waltz" – 3:35
"Bela's Tune" – 4:57
"The Silver Spear" – 4:16
"The Silver Spear"
"The Glen Road to Carrick"
"Lad O'Beirne's Reel"
"Minnie & Alex's Reel" – 2:35
"My Love, Cape Breton and Me" – 5:49
"My Love, Cape Breton and Me"
"Prayer for Peace Waltz"
Personnel
Philip Aaberg - piano
Darol Anger - octave violin, arranger
Larry Atamanuik - drums
Sam Bacco - percussion
Alison Brown - banjo
John R. Burr - synthesizer
Sam Bush - mandolin
John Chiasson - bass
John Cowan - vocals
Tracey Dares - piano
Brad Davidge - guitar
Jerry Douglas - resonator guitar
Béla Fleck - banjo
Matt Flinner - mandolin
George Hebert - guitar
Byron House - bass
Viktor Krauss - bass
Matt MacIsaac - bagpipes, small pipes, electric pipes, whistle
Mike Marshall - mandolin
Edgar Meyer - bass, arranger
Todd Phillips - bass
Bob Quinn - piano
Kate Quinn - vocals
Gordie Sampson - guitar
Bryan Sutton - guitar
Victor Wooten - bass
References
Natalie MacMaster albums
2003 albums |
The North Chester Historic District is a historic district encompassing the rural village center of North Chester in the town of Chester, Massachusetts. One of the rural community's early settlement nodes, it thrived into the early 19th century around a stagecoach tavern, a few small mills, and farming, and retains buildings and archaeological remains representative of this history. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.
Description and history
Most of the properties in the district are strung in a widely spaced rural manner along East River Road, extending from a home and former factory site in the north to a village core with church and cemetery in the south. A few unbuilt parcels of land on Smith and North Chester Roads also contribute to the district, as did the Howe truss iron bridge that carries Smith Road across the middle branch of the Westfield River until its replacement in 2009. In addition to a variety of primarily 19th century residential and agricultural buildings, the district also includes a number of industrial archeological sites, based on the area's history of water-powered mill development.
Chester was settled in the 1760s, with early settlers of the North Chester area including members of the Elder, Smith, and Mann families. One of the most substantial buildings, known as the Cushman Tavern, stands at the junction of East River, North Chester, and Smith Roads; it was built by Thomas Elder about 1773, and served stagecoach travelers on the River Road, which was the preferred route between Springfield and Pittsfield. A short way north of the Smith Road bridge are the remains of a breached dam, where the first sawmill and gristmill stood, built by John Stevens. Later small industry was supported by dams further up and down the river, but these faded in importance after Chester Factory was served by the railroad, and came to dominate the town in industry. Non-residential buildings in the district include a 19th-century schoolhouse and a 1909 chapel.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Hampden County, Massachusetts
Chester Center Historic District
Chester Factory Village Historic District
References
External links
Historic districts in Hampden County, Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Hampden County, Massachusetts
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
Chester, Massachusetts |
Lucas (; 1120 – 1181), also known as Luke, was a Hungarian prelate and diplomat in the 12th century. He was Bishop of Eger between 1156 and 1158, and Archbishop of Esztergom from 1158 until his death in 1181.
Lucas is believed to have come from a wealthy and influential family, but sources are uncertain of his origin. He was one of the first students of the University of Paris. When he returned to Hungary, his ecclesiastical career ascended quickly into the highest dignities. As a confidant of Géza II in his last years, Lucas had a significant impact on the country's foreign policy and diplomatic processes. Lucas was a staunch supporter of Stephen III during the struggles in the Árpád dynasty following Géza II's death, where Stephen III's reign was contested by his two uncles. The archbishop opposed both the intervention efforts of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire. Lucas had an ambivalent relationship with Stephen's brother and successor Béla III. The strict and uncompromising nature of his extremist Gregorianism challenged and weakened his partnership and alliance with the Holy See in the last decade of his archiepiscopal tenure, which coincided with the pontificate of Pope Alexander III.
Ancestry
Lucas is said to have been born to a wealthy and illustrious noble family in the early 1120s, but his origin is uncertain and undetermined. His brother was Apa (or Appa), a powerful lord in the royal court of Géza II of Hungary. Apa came into prominence after the fall of Beloš, and served as the ispán of Bodrog County in 1156 and then as the Ban of Slavonia from around 1157 to 1158. According to an inauthentic charter he was also Judge royal in 1158.
From the 18th century onwards, several historians and genealogists attempted to connect Lucas and his brother Apa to various notable genera (clans) in the Kingdom of Hungary. András Lehotzky and Iván Nagy proposed that Lucas was a member of the Bánfi (Bánffy; lit. "son of a ban") de Alsólendva family, originating from the Hahót clan, while other historians proposed he descended from the Bánfi (Bánffy) branches of the Tomaj and Gutkeled clans. Nándor Knauz called him "Lucas Bánffy de Alsó Lindva de genere Guthkeled" in his work, the Monumenta ecclesiae Strigoniensis (1874), whose proposal is faulty. Aside from surnames being anachronisms for the time, the Felsőlendvais were the ones who originated from the Gutkeled clan (and there is no such "Bánffy de Felsőlendva" kinship) instead of the Bánffys de Alsólendva. Both families adopted their surname in the 14th century after their distinguished members, Nicholas Gutkeled and Nicholas Hahót respectively, bore the title of ban. Historian Ubul Kállay rejected the aforementioned theories and argued Apa and Lucas were the sons of Alexius, a Ban of Slavonia during the reign of Stephen II of Hungary. Therefore, Kállay referred to Lucas with the surname "Bánfi" anachronistically and theorised he was a member of the Gutkeled clan and brother of Martin Gutkeled, who erected the Benedictine abbey of Csatár. Later academic works and historians – including Gyula Pauler, Bálint Hóman, Gyula Kristó and Ferenc Makk – refer to him as simply "Archbishop Lucas".
Education and early career
From around 1150 to 1156, Lucas studied at the University of Paris, where he was a student of Gerard la Pucelle, a scholar of canon law and later the Bishop of Coventry. He was one of the first Hungarians who attended a foreign university and the first known Hungarian alumnus of the newly established University of Paris. He acquired a high degree in church law and earned the respect of the other students there. Lucas could be the first Hungarian cleric who became familiar with Decretum Gratiani, an early-mid 12th century collection of canon law compiled as a legal textbook. Among his fellow pupils was supposedly English chronicler Walter Map (Gualterius Mappus), who recalled Lucas in his only surviving work De nugis curialium. He described Lucas as a highly educated man and a gracious Christian; he stated that Lucas unselfishly shared his goods and meals with his fellow students. Map added that Lucas had his own accommodation and personnel within the university (supporting his upper-class origins) and gladly made donations. However, Map (born around 1140) was definitely younger than Lucas and attended the school a decade later in the 1160s, suggesting that he heard the anecdote secondhand.
As a student, Lucas established productive relationships with English scholars and clerics like John of Salisbury. In the following decades, John of Salisbury and Walter Map became acquainted with Thomas Becket, a significant and powerful prelate in 12th-century England. Historian György Györffy compared their careers and found several similarities between the pro-papal activities of Lucas and Thomas Becket in the upcoming decades. According to Györffy, they did not know each other personally (Thomas Becket was a secretary of Theobald of Bec by the time Lucas resided in Paris), but they knew about each other through mutual acquaintances and used similar ecclesiastical tools to defend their interests against the secular royal power. As Map narrated in his anecdote about Lucas, Hugh of le Mans, Bishop of Acre informed him about Lucas' later encounters with the warring Árpád dynasty of Hungary, which Becket learned through Map.
When he returned to Hungary, Lucas was elected Bishop of Eger in 1156. He was still referred to as bishop-elect throughout in 1156 until March 1157. When Gervasius, Bishop of Győr interceded with Géza II to grant the right to collect salt to the Archdiocese of Esztergom at Nána and Kakat (present-day Štúrovo, Slovakia), he was addressed as bishop during his act as witness to the document. His election was confirmed by Pope Adrian IV in the previous weeks. Due to a lack of sources, there is no record of Lucas' activity or function as the Bishop of Eger; his name only appears in the list of dignitaries of the various royal charters issued by Géza II. In 1157 political unrest occurred in Hungary; chronicler Rahewin records that King Géza II's youngest brother, Stephen, began conspiring with their ambitious uncle, Beloš, and other lords against the monarch. Géza II expelled his rebellious brother and sentenced him to death, while Beloš lost his influence over the royal court and fled Hungary in the latter half of the year. His departure resulted in Apa's political ascent to the position of Ban of Slavonia in late 1157. It is plausible Apa supported the growth of Lucas' ecclesiastical career and had a role in his brother's return to Hungary. After their failed rebellion, Géza II's two brothers, Ladislaus and Stephen sought refuge in the Byzantine Empire by 1160, where they found shelter in the court of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos at Constantinople.
Archbishop of Esztergom
Influence over Géza II
Martyrius, Archbishop of Esztergom died in the spring of 1158 and was soon succeeded by Lucas. Apa and Lucas became the strongest proponents of Géza II during his last regnal years and respectively held the most distinguished secular and ecclesiastical dignities. When the king made a donation in favor of the Cathedral of Saint Domnius and its archbishop Gaudius twice in 1158, the brothers only appeared in his accompaniment by name. Lucas' sympathized with the reformist wing in the Roman Curia, which also affected Géza II's foreign policies in the following years. He was dubbed as the "representative of extreme Gregorianism" in Hungary by later scholars. As theologian József Török expressed, Lucas "vigilantly guarded the interests of the legitimate Pope [Alexander III] and the Church" during his first years as archbishop. He was one of the first Hungarian prelates who thought on a whole European and Christian universalist scale and integrated into the contemporary mainstream school of clerical theology. Literary historian János Győry suggested that Lucas sympathized with the heretic movements prevalent in the region – Albigensians, Patarenes and Bogomils, but the majority of scholars do not share this fringe theory.
Initially, Géza II supported the efforts of Frederick Barbarossa against the pro-papal Italian communes (that were later known collectively as the Lombard League), and even sent Hungarian auxiliary troops to accompany the Holy Roman Emperor to Italy between 1158 and 1160. Barbarossa forced the Italian towns to surrender in September 1158. However, Milan and Crema openly rebelled against the emperor's rule after the Diet of Roncaglia ordered the restoration of imperial rights. Géza II sent his envoys to Barbarossa's camp and promised to dispatch further reinforcements against the rebellious towns. The death of Pope Adrian IV on 1 September 1159 divided the college of the cardinals: the majority of the cardinals opposed Barbarossa while a minority supported him. The first group elected Alexander III as pope, but Barbarossa's supporters chose Victor IV instead. Barbarossa convened a synod to Pavia to end the schism. Géza II sent his envoys to the church council where Victor IV was declared the lawful pope in February 1160. However, Archbishop-elect Lucas remained loyal to Alexander III and persuaded Géza II to start negotiations with Alexander III's representatives. Géza II switched allegiances after most of the other European monarchs joined Alexander III. Géza II's envoys announced his decision to Alexander III in early 1161, but he only informed the emperor of his recognition of Alexander III in the autumn of the same year. A letter from Lucas to his ally, Eberhard, Archbishop of Salzburg, who was the leading pro-Alexander figure in the Holy Roman Empire, revealed his influence carried significant weight with Géza II when he changed the direction of his foreign policy. Lucas presented the case as if he alone had been responsible for Géza II's recognition of Pope Alexander, as he wrote "I have managed through appeals to cause our Lord the King and our whole church to accept Alexander". Several historians – including Gyula Pauler and József Gerics – accepted the letter's contents and considered Lucas' significant role in negotiating with the pro-Barbarossa envoy, Bishop Daniel of Prague in 1161 at Easter before Daniel's official meeting with Géza II. However, Ferenc Makk notes there is no other source which emphasises Lucas' role in the events beside his own letter.
Géza II and Pope Alexander III's envoy, papal legate Pietro di Miso signed a concordat in the summer of 1161 that Lucas mediated. It guaranteed that Géza II would not depose or transfer prelates without the consent of the Holy See, the Holy See could not send papal legates to Hungary without the king's permission, and Hungarian prelates were only allowed to appeal to the Holy See with the king's consent. Pope Alexander, who was fully aware of Lucas' allegiance and foreign policy activities, showed his appreciation by sending Lucas the archiepiscopal pallium in July 1161, confirming that Lucas' election occurred three years earlier. According to a decretal of Pope Alexander III issued in 1167 or 1168, when the papal legate, cardinal Pietro di Miso was sent to Hungary to hand over the pallium to Lucas, the archbishop's brother "Alban" (most scholars identified him with Apa) provided a horse for the legate when Pietro and his escort entered the Hungarian border via Dalmatia across the Adriatic Sea. The letter stated that Archbishop Lucas worried this step could be seen as simony in the Roman Curia. Pope Alexander reassured the prelate with Biblical phrases and warned Lucas not to disturb him with trivial matters. The decretal, which later became part of Decretales Gregorii IX (or Liber extra), reflects Lucas' rigid individuality, excessive strictness, and extreme Gregorian views which characterized his reign as Archbishop of Esztergom.
18th-century historian Miklós Schmitth notes that Lucas successfully recovered the stolen gems of the late Martyrius from the thief Jordanus immediately after being elected as archbishop. According to a royal charter supposedly issued by Stephen III, Géza II ordered Ded of Vác and Chama of Eger to rededicate the Szentjobb Abbey (present-day Sâniob in Romania) with Lucas' consent. It also stated that the Benedictine monastery of Szentjobb was attacked and plundered by the sons of a certain "Palatine Paul" thereafter; as a result, Archbishop Lucas excommunicated them. Historian Tamás Körmendi questioned the validity of the issuance, which suffers from 18th-century misinterpretations, explanations, anachronisms, and factual errors.
Dynastic struggles
Géza II died unexpectedly on 31 May 1162. Archbishop Lucas crowned Géza II's elder son, 15-year-old Stephen III king without delay in early June in Székesfehérvár. Immediately after the coronation, Byzantine Emperor Manuel, who attempted to extend his influence over the neighboring kingdom, dispatched an army to Hungary which advanced as far as Haram (now Ram, Serbia) and sent envoys to Hungary to promote the claim of the young monarch's namesake uncle to the Hungarian throne. Most of the lords opposed Stephen as their king because of his familial relationship with Manuel. The magnates decided to accept Stephen's uncle, Ladislaus II, as a "compromise candidate" between being bribed by the Byzantines and being afraid of a potential invasion by the Emperor. Stephen III's army was routed at Kapuvár and he fled from Hungary and sought refuge in Austria six weeks after his coronation.
Archbishop Lucas stayed in Hungary after the Byzantine intervention and was one of the few who remained loyal to Stephen and refused to crown Ladislaus; as a result, Mikó, Archbishop of Kalocsa performed the ceremony in July 1162, despite the coronation of the Hungarian monarch being the Archbishop of Esztergom's responsibility for centuries. Lucas considered Ladislaus II to be an usurper and excommunicated him through his envoy, declaring that he had unlawfully seized the crown from his nephew. Lucas also excommunicated his fellow archbishop Mikó for his participation in the process. As Makk noted, the legal basis for Lucas to impose ecclesiastical punishment against Ladislaus II was provided by Article 17 of St. Stephen's Second Code and Article 2 of the so-called Second Synod of Esztergom during the reign of Coloman. According to Map's De nugis curialium, the new monarch tried to intimidate and persuade the prelate to his side, but Lucas remained steadfast and strongly condemned his controversial accession to the Hungarian throne. In response the archbishop was arrested and imprisoned shortly thereafter.
Ladislaus II attempted to reconcile himself with his opponents and released Archbishop Lucas at Christmas at Pope Alexander III's request. Map preserved the circumstances of his release (see above). However, Lucas did not yield to him, continued to support Stephen III, and became a central figure of Ladislaus' domestic opposition. His obstinate resistance indicated that any possibility of a reconciliation between the partisans of Stephen III and Ladislaus II was lost. Lucas did not recognize the legitimacy of Ladislaus' rule and organised the possibility of an open rebellion against the pro-Byzantine regime. Lucas' political interests conflicted with Pope Alexander's, who maintained a moderately good relationship with the courts of Ladislaus II and Emperor Manuel on account of the constant threat of Barbarossa's anti-papal policy. Church historian József Török argues Lucas saw the consistent and exclusive application of the ancient custom of primogeniture as the pledge of the stability of the kingdom, which was endangered by the ambitions of Ladislaus and Stephen. Lucas spoke of the negative example of the Byzantine Empire, which experienced civil wars, dynastic struggles, cognate murders and anarchy. Lucas' resistance led Ladislaus to imprison him again within days. Meanwhile, Stephen III returned to Hungary with an army and captured Pressburg (present-day Bratislava in Slovakia). Soon after, Ladislaus II died suddenly on 14 January 1163. Many of his contemporaries considered Lucas' curse as a contributing factor to his death.
Stephen III could not take the crown after his uncle's death because his other uncle, Stephen IV (Ladislaus II's brother), acceded to the throne. Archbishop Lucas refused to crown him and remained in custody. The coronation was performed again by Archbishop Mikó on 27 January. Lucas excommunicated Stephen IV and declared his rule illegal. Stephen IV's unveiled support for the interests of the Byzantine Empire caused discontent among the Hungarian barons. Stephen III mustered an army of barons who had deserted his uncle and supplemented it with German mercenaries. He defeated his uncle at Székesfehérvár on 19 June 1163. Stephen IV was captured, but his nephew released him, at Lucas's advice, on the condition that he never return to Hungary. According to Henry of Mügeln's chronicle, Lucas was freed from prison by then.
Stephen III's reign
The dethroned Stephen IV first fled to the Holy Roman Empire, but left shortly afterwards for the Byzantine Empire, where Emperor Manuel promised him support. The Byzantine Emperor sent an army to Hungary to help Stephen IV regain the throne from his nephew. Large-scale military campaigns characterized the following years; Lucas, along with the Dowager Queen Euphrosyne, advised Stephen III throughout his reign. After a peace treaty with Emperor Manuel, Stephen III agreed to send his younger brother, Béla, to Constantinople and to allow the Byzantines to seize Béla's duchy, which included Croatia, Dalmatia and Sirmium. In an attempt to recapture these territories, Stephen III waged wars against the Byzantine Empire between 1164 and 1167, but could not defeat the Byzantines.
During the war with the Byzantine Empire, Stephen III sought assistance from Emperor Frederick, Pope Alexander's enemy. The alliance, despite its reasonable military considerations, was strongly opposed by Lucas and the pope, who requested Lucas via Archbishop Eberhard of Salzburg to prevent Stephen III from seeking military help from the Holy Roman Empire. Pope Alexander, additionally, complained that celibacy was not universal among the prelates in Hungary. There is also evidence that suggests that Stephen III seized Church revenues to finance his war with the Byzantine Empire. As a result, Lucas' relationship worsened with his monarch sometime after 1165 or 1166, and resulted in leaving the royal court for years. The royal chapel, which was responsible for drafting and issuing royal diplomas under the guidance of the Archbishop of Esztergom, ceased its operations during Lucas' voluntary withdrawal. His notary Becen remained loyal to him, and only three royal charters were preserved between 1166 and 1169; as only church employees were the only ones able to read and write, the lower number of charters drafted represented the temporary decline of literacy.
Pope Alexander sent his legate Cardinal Manfred to Hungary in 1169, who discussed the debated issues with the king, the queen mother, and the prelates. Manfred and Lucas convened a synod to Esztergom (called Third Council of Esztergom). The negotiations ended in an agreement that prohibited the monarch from arbitrarily deposing or relocating the prelates or confiscating their property. Stephen III also acknowledged Alexander as the legitimate pope. Makk wrote Archbishop Lucas was one of the key drafters of the concordat.
However the pope supported Stephen III against Lucas when the archbishop attempted to hinder the consecration of the king's protégé, Andrew, Bishop-elect of Győr, because of his allegedly non-canonical election. Although Manfred admonished Lucas to celebrate Andrew's consecration, he refused to do so, demonstrating that his relationship with the Holy See was no longer harmonious by the end of the 1160s. A letter issued by the pope around March 1179 stated that sometime after 1169, Archbishop Lucas excommunicated Stephen III and Queen Euphrosyne because of an "insignificant subterfuge". Archbishop Lucas reconciled with Stephen III around March 1171, according to Map. Stephen III died one year later on 4 March 1172. His funeral mass in Esztergom was celebrated by Lucas, according to Arnold of Lübeck's Chronica Slavorum.
Ambivalent relationship with Béla III
Following the death of Stephen III, a Hungarian delegation visited Emperor Manuel and Béla in Sardica (now Sophia in Bulgaria) and invited the prince to the Hungarian throne. Béla, who lived in Constantinople since 1163 and was the former designated heir of the Byzantine Empire, arrived in Hungary with his wife Agnes of Antioch in Székesfehérvár in late April or early May. It is uncertain if Archbishop Lucas initially supported Béla's claim (as historian György Györffy and András Kubinyi argued), or if he was against Béla's invitation from the beginning. In a letter written by Pope Alexander III, Béla was unanimously elected king by the "dignitaries of the Hungarian kingdom", including Lucas. However, Béla's coronation was delayed because Lucas refused to perform the ceremony. The Archbishop accused the king of simony because Béla had given a precious cloak (pallium) to his delegate. A theory suggests that Lucas also feared that the influence of "schismatics" would increase under Béla's rule. Nevertheless, the majority of the barons and prelates remained loyal to Béla, who sought the assistance of the Holy See against the archbishop. Pope Alexander III imposed a papal rebuke on Lucas for his inflexibility and ordered him to crown Béla, but the archbishop continued to refuse to crown Béla III. Upon Béla's request, Pope Alexander III temporarily authorized the Archbishop of Kalocsa (presumably Chama) to anoint Béla king and perform his coronation, which took place on 18 January 1173.
Lucas became a member of the internal opposition which rejected Béla's reign. The archbishop allied with his former opponent Queen Euphrosyne and supported the aspirations of the late Géza II's youngest son, Géza, who aimed to continue the anti-Byzantine and pro-papal (at least, since 1169) policies of Stephen III. Around the same time, Lucas lifted Euphrosyne from papal anathema unilaterally, which was imposed on her after she had allegedly confiscated the provostship of Székesfehérvár from its provost, Gregory. To avoid a possible civil war, Béla III imprisoned Géza (who had already contacted Emperor Frederick) soon after his coronation. Archbishop Lucas fell out of favour with Béla and was ignored by him in the first years of his reign. Instead of Lucas, the Archbishop of Kalocsa baptised Béla's first-born son, Emeric, in 1174. Lucas lost his political importance through total neglect after his long-time rival Andrew rose to become Archbishop of Kalocsa in 1176. Andrew, as a skilled diplomat, became the de facto head of the Catholic Church in Hungary and was acknowledged by Pope Alexander III. Lucas did not appear in witness lists of the subsequent royal charters for the next eight years until 1180. However, administering sacraments to members of the royal family had always been the Archbishops of Esztergom's responsibility. By 1176, Béla overthrew Géza's partisans' resistance and put Euphrosyne in confinement. Historian Pál Engel observed Lucas' "anxiety proved to be wholly unjustified", as Béla III governed Hungary as an independent monarch and excluded the neighboring empire's influence beyond its borders throughout his reign.
Lucas' retirement from state affairs resulted in the issuance of written records and the termination of official literacy within the royal chapel. Several educated and skilled members of its staff left the royal court to follow Lucas, which can be traced by the drastic reduction in the number of royal decrees until 1181. The royal chapel never regained its former influence, even after Béla III and Lucas reconciled after 1179. In the imperial court of Constantinople, Béla learnt the importance of a well-organised administration and emphasised the importance of written records. In 1181 he ordered that a charter was to be issued for all transactions proceeding in his presence. This decision resulted in permanently establishing the Royal Chancery and the proliferation of governmental literacy independent from the ecclesiastical institutions. Béla III aimed to separate the issuance of royal charters from the court clergy after his long-lasting jurisdictional conflicts with Lucas.
Béla III's long-time favorite, Andrew, Archbishop of Kalocsa, insulted his royal authority between 1178 and 1179. The king deprived him and his supporter, Gregory, Provost of Székesfehérvár Chapter, of their offices and seized the Archbishop's revenues. Béla also confiscated Székesfehérvár's royal chapel, which belonged to the direct jurisdiction of the Holy See. Andrew fled Hungary and petitioned to the Roman Curia, requesting an investigation at the Third Council of the Lateran. Pope Alexander III threatened Béla III with excommunication and punished him with ecclesiastic sanctions. Béla had reconciled with Archbishop Lucas, who absolved him and excommunicated Andrew of Kalocsa and his clerical partisans. Lucas charged Andrew with the unlawful domination of priests and clergymen of the royal churches, which were traditionally placed under the territorial authority of the Archdiocese of Esztergom. Beside personal conflicts, this case was also a chapter of the long-time rivalry between the Esztergom and Kalocsa sees for the leadership of the Hungarian church. In his harshly-worded letter sent to Hungary in March 1179, Pope Alexander listed Lucas' past "sins" in detail since the rule of Stephen III and threatened to excommunicate him if he maintained the punishment he imposed on Andrew. In another letter, Pope Alexander III urged the Hungarian clergy not to obey Lucas' instructions. Despite the papal efforts Lucas retained his influence at the royal court until his death. Lucas' last mention of being alive was on 20 August 1181. He died shortly thereafter, roughly around the same time as Pope Alexander III's death (30 August 1181). Lucas was succeeded as Archbishop of Esztergom by Nicholas in 1181.
Legacy and canonization process
Györffy noted that Lucas was the first prelate in the continental Europe, who spread the cult of Thomas Becket (later sanctified as Saint Thomas of Canterbury), who was murdered in 1170 and was canonized by Pope Alexander III three years later. Upon Béla's invitation, plausibly under the influence of Lucas, Cistercian monks came from Pontigny Abbey – Becket's former place of exile – and set up a new filial abbey at Egres in 1179. Lucas also founded a provostship at the outskirts of Esztergom, dedicated to Becket (present-day Szenttamás, a borough of Esztergom). Some of Becket's relics were transferred to Esztergom in the 16th century.
Lucas was styled as "saintly" by the records of Henry of Mügeln and Cistercian friar Alberic of Trois-Fontaines. According to Italian historian Odorico Raynaldi, Lucas died as an "eminent moral priest", who cured sick people of their various illnesses, honouring him as a saint. His canonisation was first initiated by Robert, Archbishop of Esztergom in 1231, who had several conflicts with Andrew II of Hungary and the intervening secular authority. This influenced Lucas to promote the political goals of Robert, according to historian Gyula Kristó. Upon his request, Pope Gregory IX entrusted Bulcsú Lád, Bishop of Csanád and two other clergymen on 28 August 1231 to conduct an investigation and send their report to Rome. After receiving the report and the letter in support of Andrew, the pope ordered papal legate Giacomo di Pecorari on 17 February 1233 to deal with the canonisation issue among other matters. However the protocol was lost and the canonisation was postponed. Egyed Hermann and József Félegyházy stated that the initiative failed in silence due to the Mongol invasion of 1241. Other historians argue Lucas was not necessarily a suitable and exemplary person for the Holy See as he has repeatedly represented the interests of his church against even the pope. Andrew's son, Béla IV unsuccessfully attempted to initiate his canonisation. There were some semi official attempts by some prelates afterwards, including Ignác Batthyány, János Scitovszky and József Mindszenty.
Notes
Sources
|-
1120s births
1181 deaths
Archbishops of Esztergom
Year of birth unknown
12th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Hungary
Bishops of Eger
University of Paris alumni
Prisoners and detainees of Hungary
Hungarian prisoners and detainees
12th-century Hungarian people |
Vice Admiral Sir John Morrison Forbes KCB (16 August 1925 – 24 October 2021) was a British Royal Navy officer who became Naval Secretary.
Naval career
Forbes attended Rockport School in Holywood, County Down and the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth. He was appointed Second-in-Command and Operational Commander of the Royal Malaysian Navy in 1966.
Forbes joined the Directorate of Naval Plans at the Ministry of Defence in 1969 and then became Captain of the aircraft carrier HMS Triumph in 1971 and Captain of the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth in 1972. Promoted to rear admiral he became Naval Secretary in 1974 and, following his promotion to vice admiral on 9 February 1977, he became Flag Officer, Plymouth and Admiral Superintendent at Devonport. He retired in 1979.
In retirement he became Chairman of the Civil Service Commissioners Interview Panel.
Personal life
In 1950 he married Joyce Hadden; they have two sons and two daughters.
He died on 24 October 2021, at the age of 96.
References
|-
1925 births
2021 deaths
Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
Royal Navy vice admirals
Graduates of Britannia Royal Naval College
Royal Navy officers of World War II |
The Tucke Monument is a obelisk gravestone monument erected in 1914 to honor Reverend John Tucke (1702–1773). The monument is located on Star Island, New Hampshire, where Tucke was a minister, judge, educator, physician, and in his probate record, "owner" of a 12-year old black girl by the name of Diana, valued at 20 pounds.
The Tucke Monument is the tallest gravestone in the state of New Hampshire, far surpassing the gravestone of Frank Jones located in Portsmouth.
History
Philanthropist Edward Tuck, the namesake of Dartmouth's business school, financed the monument's construction in 1914, in cooperation with the New Hampshire Historical Society. On July 29, 1914, the Historical Society organized a dedication for the monument, and published a 68-page book, memorializing the event:
It was a beautiful day, and a fresh breeze blew all the clouds inland. The steamer Nassau from Boston, specially chartered for the occasion, left Jones's wharf at ten o'clock, making the trip in an hour. Arriving at Star Island the company proceeded to the monument, which stands a short distance southeast of the quaint little stone church where candle-light services are still held as in days of yore. Everyone was impressed by the dignity and beauty of the obelisk, which stands forty-six and one-half feet high, and can be seen from ten miles out at sea. The shaft tapers in the same proportions as the monument at Bunker Hill.
An inscription at the base of the Tucke Monument reads:
See also
Monument for Captain John Smith
References
Buildings and structures completed in 1914
Buildings and structures in Rockingham County, New Hampshire
Monuments and memorials in New Hampshire
Obelisks in the United States |
Cathedral of Saint George in Prizren (; ) is the Cathedral church of the Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Raška and Prizren, located in the town of Prizren, Kosovo. It was built from 1856 to 1887, near the Old Church of Saint George, previous cathedral church of the same eparchy. The cathedral was burned and severely damaged by Albanian mobs during the 2004 unrest, but was later renovated.
History
Modern Serbian Orthodox Cathedral of Saint George in Prizren was built in the second half of the 19th century, during the Ottoman rule in the region. Initiative for the creation of a new cathedral church was launched during the first half of the 19th century, and only after long negotiations with Ottoman authorities final permission was obtained in 1855, and foundation was laid in 1856. Up to that point, minor Old Church of Saint George served as a temporary cathedral church of the Eparchy of Raška and Prizren, since Ottoman authorities previously took over the ancient medieval Cathedral of the Holy Mother of God (Bogorodica Ljeviška) in Prizren, and turned it into a mosque. Local leaders of Eastern Orthodox Christians knew that ancient cathedral will not be returned to them as long as Prizren is under Ottoman rule, and therefore decided to build a new cathedral. Foundations were laid in 1856, but construction was completed in 1887. Prolonged construction was caused by constant financial and administrative difficulties.
After the consecration of the new cathedral in 1887, additional efforts were undertaken in order to complete the internal inventory and decoration of the church. Significant acquisitions were made during the tenure of metropolitan Dionisije Petrović of Raška and Prizren (1896-1900), and his successor, metropolitan Nićifor Perić (1901-1911). Both of them were Serbian Orthodox hierarchs, appointed by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.
Major turning point in the history of the Cathedral occurred at the beginning of the First Balkan War (1912—1913). In the autumn of 1912, Prizren was annexed by the Kingdom of Serbia. In the spring of 1913, rector of the Serbian Orthodox Seminary of Prizren, protopresbyter Stevan Dimitrijević was appointed as administrator of the Eparchy. Under the Treaty of London (1913), Albanian-majority Prizren was officially annexed to Serbia. During the First World War (1914-1918), the region was occupied by the armies of the Central Powers from the end of 1915 up to the autumn of 1918. After the liberation in 1918, new Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) was created, and included all territories of Serbia. After the Serbian Patriarchate was renewed in 1920, Eparchy of Raška and Prizren was returned to the jurisdiction of the Serbian Orthodox Church, and the Cathedral of Saint George in Prizren was confirmed as the official cathedral church of the Eparchy.
In 1941, Kingdom of Yugoslavia was attacked and occupied by Nazi Germany and its allies. The central parts of the Eparchy of Raška and Prizren, including the city of Prizren, were occupied by Italians. Formally, Italian occupation zone was annexed to Fascist Albania. That marked the beginning of mass persecution of some ethnic groups in Prizren, and other annexed regions of Metohija (Dukagjini) and central Kosovo. During that period, many Serbian churches of the Eparchy of Raška were looted and destroyed by the Italian army,.
Unrest of 2004 and restoration
After the Kosovo War (1999), territory of Kosovo including Prizren, was placed under the administration of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo. During the unrest of 2004, Serbian Orthodox Cathedral of Saint George in Prizren was looted and set on fire by local Muslim extremists. Only after many difficulties, the cathedral was gradually restored during next few years. On 26 December 2010, newly elected Serbian Orthodox bishop Teodosije Šibalić was enthroned in the restored cathedral in Prizren, by the Serbian Patriarch Irinej. In July 2012, the cathedral was visited by Ban Ki-moon, the Secretary-General of the United Nations. In March 2016, British royal delegation, led by Charles, Prince of Wales, also visited the cathedral.
See also
Destruction of Serbian heritage in Kosovo
References
Sources
External links
Official pages of the Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Raška and Prizren
SOC (2010): Ethronement ceremony of newly-elected Bishop Teodosije of Raska-Prizren in Prizren
SOC (2014): Feast day of Saint George the Great Martyr in Prizren
SOC (2016): Prince Charles visited the Cathedral church of Saint George in Prizren
19th-century Serbian Orthodox church buildings
Serbian Orthodox cathedrals in Kosovo
Protected Monuments of Culture
Churches destroyed by Muslims
Cultural heritage of Kosovo
Churches destroyed by arson
Churches completed in 1887
Churches in Prizren
Cultural heritage monuments in Prizren District |
Blackout is a scripted podcast produced by QCode and Endeavor Audio and starring Rami Malek and Aja Naomi King. The show has 2 seasons currently released and has been renewed for a third season.
History
Blackout was the first podcast produced and released by QCode.
Background
The podcast was produced by QCode and Endeavor Audio. Blackout was the first podcast produced by QCode. The podcast was written by Scott Conroy. The podcast debuted on March 19, 2019. The first season of the podcast contains eight episodes. The second season stars Rami Malek and Aja Naomi King. The podcast was sponsered by Sonos. The story is set in a New England town called Berlin. The show follows a radio DJ named Simon Itani. The series explores what it would be like if modern technology was rendered useless. The show is an apocalyptic thriller. The A.V. Club called Rami's acting the "Best Celebrity Voice Work" in a 2019 podcast.
Cast and characters
Rami Malek as Simon Itani
T. C. Carter as Hunter Itani
Aja Naomi King as Wren Foster
References
Audio podcasts
2019 podcast debuts
2021 podcast endings
Scripted podcasts
Horror podcasts
Thriller podcasts |
York Township is one of the seventeen townships of Medina County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 4,284 people in the township.
Geography
Located in the central part of the county, it borders the following townships:
Liverpool Township - north
Brunswick Hills Township - northeast corner
Medina Township - east
Montville Township - southeast corner
Lafayette Township - south
Chatham Township - southwest corner
Litchfield Township - west
Grafton Township, Lorain County - northwest corner
Part of the city of Medina, the county seat of Medina County, is located in southeastern York Township.
Name and history
York Township was organized in 1832, and named after New York, the native state of a large share of the early settlers. It is one of ten York Townships statewide.
Government
The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
References
External links
Township website
County website
Townships in Medina County, Ohio
Townships in Ohio |
Switzerland competed at the 1994 Winter Paralympics in Lillehammer, Norway. 19 competitors from Switzerland won 16 medals including 2 gold, 9 silver and 5 bronze and finished 11th in the medal table.
See also
Switzerland at the Paralympics
Switzerland at the 1994 Winter Olympics
References
1994
1994 in Swiss sport
Nations at the 1994 Winter Paralympics |
Gouwenaerbåen (English: Gouwenaer Reef) is a 10 m (33 ft) shoal or reef southeast of Eggøya, on the southern coast of the island of Jan Mayen. It is named after the Dutch seafarer Jacob de Gouwenaer, who was master of the Orangienboom in 1614, when he had first come upon the island (although he had been preceded by another Dutch expedition as well as a French one the same year). His name had originally been attached to Rekvedbukta.
References
Norwegian Polar Institute Place Names of Svalbard Database
Landforms of Jan Mayen
Reefs of Norway |
Jevrem Grujić (; November 8, 1827 – September 15, 1895) was a Serbian lawyer, politician and diplomat in the mid to late 19th century. Grujić was active at the highest levels of Serbian politics, contributing to the creation of new laws and a member of multiple cabinets. As a prominent ideologue of Serbian liberalism and member of the Academy of Sciences and Arts, he was frequently in conflict with the absolutist regime of Prince Mihailo Obrenović. Imprisoned a number of times during his career, popular support resulted in Grujić's release.
Early life and postgraduate studies
Jevrem Grujić was born on 23 July 1826 in the village of Darosava near Arandjelovac in a patriarchal peasant family. His father was a merchant and high ranking state official. His ancestors, originally from Montenegro, had moved to Serbia in the 17th century and founded a village of the same name. The founder of the Grujić family, Grujića Šestanović, was a participant in both Serbian insurrections and a deputy to the popular assembly that met during the first reign of Prince Miloš Obrenović. Following his graduation from the Gymnasium Grujić enrolled in the Lyceum in Belgrade in 1846.
In 1847 Jevrem Grujić with other Lyceum students founded the Society of Serbian Youth (), which was inspired by the Burschenschaften. In "", the almanac of Družina, Jevrem Grujić published an article titled: “Horizon of the State” (). The article then became the statement of Serbian liberalism that Grujic's generation would eventually accept and adopt.
Grujić pointed out that the role of a country was to provide the people with happiness and wellbeing. He criticised the church, praised schools and education, expressed his faith in progress, and scorned the current atmosphere in Serbia. For him Serbs did not have outer or inner freedom since Serbia was still a vassal of the Ottoman Empire moreover it was deprived of any type of constitutional rights. The goals of his platform was the liberation of the Serbian people from foreign government, and the improvement of relations with other Slavs. Jevrem Grujić finished his text with the exclamation: “Long live an independent, legal, and in time, free state of Serbia.
In 1849 he was granted a government scholarship and proceeded to study law at two prestigious European universities: Heideberg and the Sorbonne. In 1850 he moved to Paris to continue his studies, in France he published a book, , that so enraged the Serbian authorities that they cancelled his stipend. He finished law school in 1854 and returned to Belgrade. He was one of the young liberal "Parisians" as were called those who had studied in France and were influenced by political doctrines of French provenance. In 1858, with Ranko Alimpić, Jovan Ilić, and others liberal students of the lyceum, Grujić organized a "Liberal Club" where they advocated for national liberation and independence, freedom of the press, religion and education and professed the goal of modernising the Serb State economically and politically. Grujić joined the civil service, quickly progressing through the ranks.
Political career
Jevrem Grujić was a central figure of the St Andrew's Day Assembly () held in 1858 which later overthrew Prince Alexander Karađorđević. This marked his entry into politics and later on he was instrumental in passing Serbia's first law on the Assembly.
A founding member of the Liberal Party he served as its leader from 1868 to 1878. He served as minister in several Serbian governments and as head of Serbia's diplomatic missions in Constantinople, London and Paris. His outspoken liberalism, however, brought him harassment and also imprisonment.
During the so-called "demise of the High Court", he was one of the five High Court judges (along with Jovan Filipović, Jovan Mičić, Marinko Radovanović, and Jovan Nikolić) who were sentenced to three years in prison and two years of deprivation of civil rights for discharging those associated with the Majstorović conspiracy. He was arrested at the beginning of July 1864 and released at the beginning of September 1865 after one year spent in the Karanovac prison, when Prince Mihailo Obrenović, under the strong pressure of the public opinion, pardoned him.
In 1876 Grujić became Minister of Justice in the Second Government of Stevča Mihailović.
In 1877, he was presented with the highest honour of his time, the Order of the Cross of Takovo 1st Class, and in 1892, towards the end of his diplomatic and political career, with the Order of the White Eagle 2nd Class while he was Serbian ambassador in Paris.
Jevrem Grujić died in Belgrade in 1895, His memoirs were published in three volumes by the Royal Serbian Academy in 1922–23.
Family and legacy
Jevrem and his wife Jelena had a son Slavko and daughters Miroslava - Mirka and Stana. Dr Slavko Grujić received his doctorate at the Sorbonne in Paris, was Serbian Undersecretary for Foreign Affairs then a diplomat in Athens, Petrograd, ambassador in Washington and London where he died. He was married to American Mable Dunlop Grujić. She raised money and helped set up several aid funds for the Serbian soldiers fighting on the Salonika front. It was through the effort of Slavko and Mabel Grujić that the Belgrade University Library “Svetozar Marković” was built when Carnegie Endowment for International Peace agreed to approve a $100,000 gift to the Serbian government to build a "Carnegie library" in Belgrade.
Stana married Stevan Ćurčić and had daughters Jelena and Milica. Jelena married diplomat Milan Milojević and had daughters Milica and Milena. Milica married Vukašin Šećerović and had sons Milan and Lazar, and Milena married Milivoje Naumović, son of Mihailo Naumović.
For its remarkable cultural, historical, architectural and townscape value, Jevrem Grujić's House, an imposing single-story family villa, built-in neo-Renaissance style in 1896, was designated a cultural property in 1961, and a cultural property of great importance to the Republic of Serbia in 1979.
Published works
(1853)
(Memories) (1864)
(Writings) 3 vols., (1922–1923)
Notes
References
Further reading
Srpski liberalizam u XIX veku”. Zbornik Matice srpske za istoriju 67/68 (2003), Branko Bešlin, 59–104.
“Francuski uticaji u Srbiji 1835-1914: Četiri generacije Parizlija”. Zbornik Matice srpske za istoriju 56 (1997), 73–95.
Jevrem Grujić, Zapisi Jevrema Grujića. Pred Svetoandrejsku skupštinu vol. I, (Belgrade: Srpska kraljevska akademija, 1922), pp. 130–131.
"Government of Serbia: 1805-2005" Radoš Ljušić , 596 pages. ., Published by the "Institute for Textbooks and Teaching Resources", Belgrade, 2005. COBISS.SR 124721676
External links
Les premiers libéraux de Serbie : le cercle des “Parisiens” (in French)
1827 births
1895 deaths
Heidelberg University alumni
Serbian jurists
Government ministers of Serbia
Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Takovo
Serbian diplomats
19th-century diplomats
Serbian politicians
Interior ministers of Serbia
Justice ministers of Serbia |
```objective-c
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#ifndef V8_COMPILER_PROCESSED_FEEDBACK_H_
#define V8_COMPILER_PROCESSED_FEEDBACK_H_
#include "src/compiler/heap-refs.h"
namespace v8 {
namespace internal {
namespace compiler {
class BinaryOperationFeedback;
class CallFeedback;
class CompareOperationFeedback;
class ElementAccessFeedback;
class ForInFeedback;
class GlobalAccessFeedback;
class InstanceOfFeedback;
class LiteralFeedback;
class NamedAccessFeedback;
class RegExpLiteralFeedback;
class TemplateObjectFeedback;
class ProcessedFeedback : public ZoneObject {
public:
enum Kind {
kInsufficient,
kBinaryOperation,
kCall,
kCompareOperation,
kElementAccess,
kForIn,
kGlobalAccess,
kInstanceOf,
kLiteral,
kNamedAccess,
kRegExpLiteral,
kTemplateObject,
};
Kind kind() const { return kind_; }
FeedbackSlotKind slot_kind() const { return slot_kind_; }
bool IsInsufficient() const { return kind() == kInsufficient; }
BinaryOperationFeedback const& AsBinaryOperation() const;
CallFeedback const& AsCall() const;
CompareOperationFeedback const& AsCompareOperation() const;
ElementAccessFeedback const& AsElementAccess() const;
ForInFeedback const& AsForIn() const;
GlobalAccessFeedback const& AsGlobalAccess() const;
InstanceOfFeedback const& AsInstanceOf() const;
NamedAccessFeedback const& AsNamedAccess() const;
LiteralFeedback const& AsLiteral() const;
RegExpLiteralFeedback const& AsRegExpLiteral() const;
TemplateObjectFeedback const& AsTemplateObject() const;
protected:
ProcessedFeedback(Kind kind, FeedbackSlotKind slot_kind);
private:
Kind const kind_;
FeedbackSlotKind const slot_kind_;
};
class InsufficientFeedback final : public ProcessedFeedback {
public:
explicit InsufficientFeedback(FeedbackSlotKind slot_kind);
};
class GlobalAccessFeedback : public ProcessedFeedback {
public:
GlobalAccessFeedback(PropertyCellRef cell, FeedbackSlotKind slot_kind);
GlobalAccessFeedback(ContextRef script_context, int slot_index,
bool immutable, FeedbackSlotKind slot_kind);
explicit GlobalAccessFeedback(FeedbackSlotKind slot_kind); // Megamorphic
bool IsMegamorphic() const;
bool IsPropertyCell() const;
PropertyCellRef property_cell() const;
bool IsScriptContextSlot() const;
ContextRef script_context() const;
int slot_index() const;
bool immutable() const;
base::Optional<ObjectRef> GetConstantHint() const;
private:
base::Optional<ObjectRef> const cell_or_context_;
int const index_and_immutable_;
};
class KeyedAccessMode {
public:
static KeyedAccessMode FromNexus(FeedbackNexus const& nexus);
AccessMode access_mode() const;
bool IsLoad() const;
bool IsStore() const;
KeyedAccessLoadMode load_mode() const;
KeyedAccessStoreMode store_mode() const;
private:
AccessMode const access_mode_;
union LoadStoreMode {
LoadStoreMode(KeyedAccessLoadMode load_mode);
LoadStoreMode(KeyedAccessStoreMode store_mode);
KeyedAccessLoadMode load_mode;
KeyedAccessStoreMode store_mode;
} const load_store_mode_;
KeyedAccessMode(AccessMode access_mode, KeyedAccessLoadMode load_mode);
KeyedAccessMode(AccessMode access_mode, KeyedAccessStoreMode store_mode);
};
class ElementAccessFeedback : public ProcessedFeedback {
public:
ElementAccessFeedback(Zone* zone, KeyedAccessMode const& keyed_mode,
FeedbackSlotKind slot_kind);
KeyedAccessMode keyed_mode() const;
// A transition group is a target and a possibly empty set of sources that can
// transition to the target. It is represented as a non-empty vector with the
// target at index 0.
using TransitionGroup = ZoneVector<Handle<Map>>;
ZoneVector<TransitionGroup> const& transition_groups() const;
bool HasOnlyStringMaps(JSHeapBroker* broker) const;
void AddGroup(TransitionGroup&& group);
// Refine {this} by trying to restrict it to the maps in {inferred_maps}. A
// transition group's target is kept iff it is in {inferred_maps} or if more
// than one of its sources is in {inferred_maps}. Here's an (unrealistic)
// example showing all the possible situations:
//
// inferred_maps = [a0, a2, c1, c2, d1, e0, e1]
//
// Groups before: Groups after:
// [a0, a1, a2] [a0, a2]
// [b0]
// [c0, c1, c2, c3] [c0, c1, c2]
// [d0, d1] [d1]
// [e0, e1] [e0, e1]
//
ElementAccessFeedback const& Refine(
ZoneVector<Handle<Map>> const& inferred_maps, Zone* zone) const;
private:
KeyedAccessMode const keyed_mode_;
ZoneVector<TransitionGroup> transition_groups_;
};
class NamedAccessFeedback : public ProcessedFeedback {
public:
NamedAccessFeedback(NameRef const& name, ZoneVector<Handle<Map>> const& maps,
FeedbackSlotKind slot_kind);
NameRef const& name() const { return name_; }
ZoneVector<Handle<Map>> const& maps() const { return maps_; }
private:
NameRef const name_;
ZoneVector<Handle<Map>> const maps_;
};
class CallFeedback : public ProcessedFeedback {
public:
CallFeedback(base::Optional<HeapObjectRef> target, float frequency,
SpeculationMode mode, FeedbackSlotKind slot_kind)
: ProcessedFeedback(kCall, slot_kind),
target_(target),
frequency_(frequency),
mode_(mode) {}
base::Optional<HeapObjectRef> target() const { return target_; }
float frequency() const { return frequency_; }
SpeculationMode speculation_mode() const { return mode_; }
private:
base::Optional<HeapObjectRef> const target_;
float const frequency_;
SpeculationMode const mode_;
};
template <class T, ProcessedFeedback::Kind K>
class SingleValueFeedback : public ProcessedFeedback {
public:
explicit SingleValueFeedback(T value, FeedbackSlotKind slot_kind)
: ProcessedFeedback(K, slot_kind), value_(value) {
DCHECK(
(K == kBinaryOperation && slot_kind == FeedbackSlotKind::kBinaryOp) ||
(K == kCompareOperation && slot_kind == FeedbackSlotKind::kCompareOp) ||
(K == kForIn && slot_kind == FeedbackSlotKind::kForIn) ||
(K == kInstanceOf && slot_kind == FeedbackSlotKind::kInstanceOf) ||
((K == kLiteral || K == kRegExpLiteral || K == kTemplateObject) &&
slot_kind == FeedbackSlotKind::kLiteral));
}
T value() const { return value_; }
private:
T const value_;
};
class InstanceOfFeedback
: public SingleValueFeedback<base::Optional<JSObjectRef>,
ProcessedFeedback::kInstanceOf> {
using SingleValueFeedback::SingleValueFeedback;
};
class LiteralFeedback
: public SingleValueFeedback<AllocationSiteRef,
ProcessedFeedback::kLiteral> {
using SingleValueFeedback::SingleValueFeedback;
};
class RegExpLiteralFeedback
: public SingleValueFeedback<JSRegExpRef,
ProcessedFeedback::kRegExpLiteral> {
using SingleValueFeedback::SingleValueFeedback;
};
class TemplateObjectFeedback
: public SingleValueFeedback<JSArrayRef,
ProcessedFeedback::kTemplateObject> {
using SingleValueFeedback::SingleValueFeedback;
};
class BinaryOperationFeedback
: public SingleValueFeedback<BinaryOperationHint,
ProcessedFeedback::kBinaryOperation> {
using SingleValueFeedback::SingleValueFeedback;
};
class CompareOperationFeedback
: public SingleValueFeedback<CompareOperationHint,
ProcessedFeedback::kCompareOperation> {
using SingleValueFeedback::SingleValueFeedback;
};
class ForInFeedback
: public SingleValueFeedback<ForInHint, ProcessedFeedback::kForIn> {
using SingleValueFeedback::SingleValueFeedback;
};
} // namespace compiler
} // namespace internal
} // namespace v8
#endif // V8_COMPILER_PROCESSED_FEEDBACK_H_
``` |
Šamaš-šuma-ukin (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: or , meaning "Shamash has established the name"), was king of Babylon as a vassal of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 668 BC to his death in 648. Born into the Assyrian royal family, Šamaš-šuma-ukin was the son of the Neo-Assyrian king Esarhaddon and the elder brother of Esarhaddon's successor Ashurbanipal.
Despite being the elder son, Šamaš-šuma-ukin was for unknown reasons bypassed as heir to Assyria. His designation as heir to Babylonia was likely devised by Esarhaddon as a means to counteract future rivalry and jealousy between the brothers. Although Esarhaddon specified that Šamaš-šuma-ukin was to swear an oath of allegiance to Ashurbanipal, the clear primary heir, Šamaš-šuma-ukin was also referred to as Ashurbanipal's "equal brother" and Ashurbanipal was to stay out of his affairs. This part of the succession plans were not upheld by Ashurbanipal after Esarhaddon's death; Šamaš-šuma-ukin only acceded to the Babylonian throne months after Ashubanipal had become king and was throughout his reign a closely monitored vassal, not entrusted with all of Babylonia or substantial military forces and only allowed to make decisions if they were approved and verified by Ashurbanipal.
Šamaš-šuma-ukin assimilated well into Babylonia, despite being ethnically and culturally Assyrian. His royal inscriptions are far more "quintessentially Babylonian" than those of other Assyrian rulers of southern Mesopotamia, using Babylonian imagery and rhetoric to an unprecedented extent. He participated in the Babylonian New Year's festival and is recorded as partaking in other Babylonian traditions. The Statue of Marduk, the main cult image of Babylon's patron deity Marduk, was returned to Babylon in 668 at Šamaš-šuma-ukin's coronation, having been stolen from the city by his grandfather Sennacherib twenty years prior.
Though Šamaš-šuma-ukin maintained peaceful relations with his younger brother for many years, resentment gradually grew between them due to Ashurbanipal's overbearing control. In 652, Šamaš-šuma-ukin revolted, inspiring the Babylonians to join him and recruiting a coalition of enemies of Assyria, including the Elamites, Chaldeans, Arameans and perhaps the Medes. Though the conflict was initially indecisive, it eventually ended in disaster for Šamaš-šuma-ukin. Babylon was captured by Ashurbanipal in 648 after a lengthy siege and Šamaš-šuma-ukin died, though the exact circumstances of his death are unclear. After his defeat and death there is evidence of a large-scale damnatio memoriae campaign, with images of the king being mutilated, erasing his face.
Background
Šamaš-šuma-ukin was probably the second eldest son of Esarhaddon, the third king of the Sargonid dynasty, younger only than the crown prince Sin-nadin-apli. Upon the unexpected death of Sin-nadin-apli in 674 BC, the Assyrian court was thrown into upheaval. Esarhaddon had only become king through great difficulty and wished to avoid his own eventual death initiating a succession crisis. He thus soon began to draw up new succession plans. Esarhaddon decided that the fourth-eldest son Ashurbanipal would inherit Assyria, clearly the primary title. Šamaš-šuma-ukin, the next-eldest son after Sin-nadin-apli, was instead designated as the heir to Babylonia, with the two designated as "equal brothers". The third eldest son Šamaš-metu-uballiṭ was entirely bypassed, perhaps because he suffered from poor health. Despite proclaiming his two sons as equals, Esarhaddon also made it clear that Šamaš-šuma-ukin was to swear an oath of allegiance to Ashurbanipal.
After Esarhaddon made his decision, the two princes arrived at the Assyrian capital of Nineveh together and partook in a celebration in May 672 with foreign representatives, Assyrian nobles and elements of the military. Promoting one son as heir to Assyria and the other as heir to Babylonia was a novel idea; for the past decades the Assyrian king had simultaneously ruled Babylonia. The decision to bypass Šamaš-šuma-ukin as heir to Assyria was also a remarkable one, given that Esarhaddon's own accession issues had been the direct result of his father Sennacherib acting in a similar way. Sennacherib had bypassed the elder son Arda-Mulissu in favor of the younger Esarhaddon; in Sennacherib's case this decision led to Arda-Mulissu murdering him and fighting a civil war against Esarhaddon. Why Esarhaddon made nearly the same decision is not clear.
One hypothesis in regard to why a younger son was designated as the heir to what was clearly Esarhaddon's primary title is that Ashurbanipal and Šamaš-šuma-ukin could have had different mothers. Though it is equally likely that Šamaš-šuma-ukin and Ashurbanipal shared a mother, possibly Ešarra-ḫammat (Esarhaddon's primary consort), it is also possible that Ashurbanipal was the son of an Assyrian woman and Šamaš-šuma-ukin was the son of a Babylonian woman; Šamaš-šuma-ukin accceding to the Assyrian throne could thus have been problematic. The decision to grant Šamaš-šuma-ukin Babylonia and designate him and Ashurbanipal as "equal brothers" could perhaps be due to Esarhaddon wishing to avoid the rivalry and jealousy involved in his own accession. If Šamaš-šuma-ukin had Babylonian heritage, Esarhaddon could have surmised that he was a superior candidate for the Babylonian throne.
As crown prince, Šamaš-šuma-ukin would have undergone training for traditional royal duties, such as hunting, riding, scholarship and wisdom, archery, chariotry and other forms of military training. Because Esarhaddon was constantly ill, much of the administrative duties of the empire fell upon Ashurbanipal and Šamaš-šuma-ukin during the last few years of their father's reign. It was important for the crown princes to gain real experience in ruling. Letters of correspondence between Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal from this time for instance show that Ashurbanipal prominently participated in the Assyrian intelligence network, gathering information on foreign enemies and rivals and compiling reports for his father.
Ashurbanipal immediately became king of Assyria upon Esarhaddon's death. Šamaš-šuma-ukin was somewhat belatedly crowned as king of Babylon in the spring of the next year. His coronation was marked by Ashurbanipal returning the religiously important Statue of Marduk, stolen by Sennacherib twenty years prior, to Babylon. The return of the statue was particularly important as it in the eyes of the Babylonians cemented the approval of Marduk, the Babylonian national deity, of the new king's rule. Though Šamaš-šuma-ukin, an Assyrian prince, being installed as the king of Babylon was in a way an embodiment of Assyrian hegemony, his coronation ceremony (parallelling that of Ashurbanipal) and the return of the Statue of Marduk were efforts made to portray him as an independent king of Babylon. Šamaš-šuma-ukin would rule at Babylon for sixteen years, apparently mostly peacefully in regard to his younger brother, but there would be repeated disagreements on the exact extent of his control; despite the requirement of an oath of allegiance to Ashurbanipal, Esarhaddon had also specified that Ashurbanipal was not to interfere in Šamaš-šuma-ukin's affairs. This part of the succession plans were not upheld by Ashurbanipal, who perhaps shifted the balanace of power in his own favor and diminished Šamaš-šuma-ukin's intended status out of fear that his elder brother given a strong power-base would threaten his rule.
Reign
Early reign and status
Šamaš-šuma-ukin was the only member of the Assyrian royal family to accede to the Babylonian throne and intentionally never to the Assyrian one. The only other Assyrian prince who ruled Babylon and not Assyria was Šamaš-šuma-ukin's uncle Ashur-nadin-shumi, though he had been the crown prince of Sennacherib and the intended successor in Assyria as well. Though Ashurbanipal, as king of Assyria, was more powerful, Šamaš-šuma-ukin's kingship of Babylon, important to the Assyrians for military, political, religious and ideological reasons, was prestigious in its own right. He was however very clearly a closely monitored vassal rather than an autonomous ruler. Though Esarhaddon's inscriptions suggest that Šamaš-šuma-ukin should have been granted the entirety of Babylonia to rule, contemporary records only definitely prove that Šamaš-šuma-ukin held Babylon itself and its vicinity. The governors of some Babylonian cities, such as Nippur, Uruk and Ur, and the rulers in the Sea Land, all ignored the existence of a king in Babylon and saw Ashurbanipal as their monarch. Šamaš-šuma-ukin was also not entrusted with any substantial military forces; when the Elamite king Teumman invaded Babylonia in 653, Šamaš-šuma-ukin was unable to defend his country and had to rely on Ashurbanipal for military support.
Šamaš-šuma-ukin is recorded as having participated in several traditional Babylonian royal activities. He rebuilt the walls of the city Sippar and is known to have participated in the Babylonian New Year's festival, which had been suspended during the time that the god's statue was absent from the city. He gave considerable attention to the temples of his domain, confirming offerings in several temples in his inscriptions and increasing the land of the Ishtar temple in Uruk. Šamaš-šuma-ukin was ethnically and culturally Assyrian, but appears to have assimilated well into Babylonia. His royal inscriptions are far more "quintessentially Babylonian" than those of other Assyrian rulers of southern Mesopotamia, using Babylonian imagery and rhetoric to an unprecedented extent, almost as if overriding his actual cultural and ethnic origin as an Assyrian. Though he was in Assyria at some points, such on one occasion when he was feeling sick, Šamaš-šuma-ukin was presumably the first of his dynasty to live in Babylon full-time. Throughout his reign, Šamaš-šuma-ukin partook in several building projects, an important aspect of Babylonian kingship to the same degree as military campaigns were important in Assyrian kingship. He is recorded as restoring shrines in several cities and as rebuilding the city wall of Sippar.
Despite his kingship having been designated by Esarhaddon, Ashurbanipal refers to himself in his inscriptions as the man who granted Šamaš-šuma-ukin rule over Babylon. This is possibly due to Šamaš-šuma-ukin only being formally crowned as king a few months after Ashurbanipal had become the Assyrian monarch. It would also theoretically have been within Ashurbanipal's power to stop Šamaš-šuma-ukin's coronation.
Worsening relations
The exact reasons for Šamaš-šuma-ukin's revolt against Ashurbanipal are unknown, but there are several possibilities. Perhaps the most commonly believed reason is that although Esarhaddon had designated Šamaš-šuma-ukin to inherit control of all of Babylonia, this had not been respected by Ashurbanipal once Esarhaddon was dead. Although business documents from Šamaš-šuma-ukin are known throughout Babylonia (suggesting that most of the region saw him as their king), similar documents dated to the reign of Ashurbanipal are also known from Babylonia, which suggests that Ashurbanipal had assumed the authority of a Babylonian monarch despite there already being a king in Babylon.
The cities Babylon, Dilbat, Borsippa and Sippar all lack business documents from Ashurbanipal, suggesting that these cities were firmly under Šamaš-šuma-ukin's rule, but Ashurbanipal had agents throughout the south that reported directly to him (not to Šamaš-šuma-ukin) and inscriptions suggest that any orders Šamaš-šuma-ukin gave to his subjects first had to be verified and approved by Ashurbanipal before they could be carried out. Ashurbanipal had a permanent garrison of troops and officials stationed at Borsippa, a city which would have been deep inside Šamaš-šuma-ukin's domain. There are also preserved petitions sent by officials in Babylon directly to Ashurbanipal. Had Šamaš-šuma-ukin been the universally respected sovereign of Babylon, he would probably have been the receiver of such letters.
Royal records from Babylonia during the time of peaceful coexistence between Ashurbanipal and Šamaš-šuma-ukin mention the names of both monarchs, but contemporary documents from Assyria only mention Ashurbanipal, reinforcing that the two kings were not equal in status. Kudurru, who was the governor of Uruk, addressed Ashurbanipal in his letters with the title "king of the Lands", despite Uruk being located in Babylonia, indicating that Kudurru saw Ashurbanipal, and not Šamaš-šuma-ukin, as his overlord. Šamaš-šuma-ukin himself seems to have seen himself as Ashurbanipal's equal, simply addressing him as "my brother" in his letters (unlike how he addressed his father Esarhaddon, "the king, my father"). Although there are several letters preserved from Šamaš-šuma-ukin to Ashurbanipal, there are no known replies preserved. It is possible that Ashurbanipal, on account of his network of informers, did not feel a need to write to his brother.
By the 650s, the relations between Šamaš-šuma-ukin and Ashurbanipal had worsened considerably. A letter from Zakir, a courtier at Šamaš-šuma-ukin's court, to Ashurbanipal described how visitors from the Sea Land had publicly criticized Ashurbanipal in front of Šamaš-šuma-ukin, using the phrase "this is not the word of a king!". Zakir reported that though Šamaš-šuma-ukin was angered, he and his governor of Babylon, Ubaru, chose to not take action against the visitors. Perhaps the most important factors behind Šamaš-šuma-ukin's revolt was his dissatisfaction with his position relative to that of his brother, the constant resentment of Assyria in general by the Babylonians and the constant willingness of the ruler of Elam to join anyone who waged war against Assyria.
Revolt against Ashurbanipal
Aspiring to become independent of Ashurbanipal and free Babylonia under his own rule, Šamaš-šuma-ukin revolted in 652. According to later Aramaic-language legends, Ashurbanipal and Šamaš-šuma-ukin's sister Šērūʾa-ēṭirat attempted to intervene and stop the two from fighting; after the war broke out the legends hold that she disappeared into self-imposed exile. The war between the brothers lasted for three years. The rebellion was not an attempt to claim the Assyrian throne, but rather an attempt at securing the independence of Babylonia. Inscription evidence suggests that Šamaš-šuma-ukin addressed the citizens of Babylon to join him in his revolt. In Ashurbanipal's inscriptions, Šamaš-šuma-ukin is quoted to have said "Ashurbanipal will cover with shame the name of the Babylonians", which Ashurbanipal refers to as "wind" and "lies". Soon after Šamaš-šuma-ukin began his revolt, the rest of southern Mesopotamia rose up against Ashurbanipal alongside him. Early in the war, Ashurbanipal tried to get various local governors in the south to join his side instead, writing to them in hopes that some of them might be interested in de-escalating the war. In these letters, Ashurbanipal never refers to Šamaš-šuma-ukin by name, instead calling him lā aḫu ("no-brother"). In many inscriptions, Šamaš-šuma-ukin is simply identified as the "unfaithful brother", "enemy brother" or just "the enemy". In some of the letters Ashurbanipal referred to him as "this man whom Marduk hates" in an effort to undermine his legitimacy as a Babylonian king.
According to the inscriptions of Ashurbanipal, Šamaš-šuma-ukin was very successful in finding allies. Ashurbanipal identified three groups who aided his brother: first and foremost there were the Chaldeans, Arameans and the other peoples of Babylonia, then there were the Elamites, and lastly the kings of Gutium, Amurru and Meluhha. This last group of kings might refer to the Medes (as Gutium, Amurru and Meluhha no longer existed at this point) but this is uncertain. Meluhha might have referred to Egypt, though the Egyptians are not documented to have aided Šamaš-šuma-ukin in the war. Šamaš-šuma-ukin's ambassadors to the Elamites had offered gifts (called "bribes" by Ashurbanipal) and their king, Ummanigash, sent an army under the command of Undashe, the son of Teumman, to aid in the conflict.
For the first two years of the conflict, battles were fought all across Babylonia, some won by the Assyrians and some won by Šamaš-šuma-ukin and his allies. The war quickly turned chaotic; several minor players repeatedly changed sides and both Ashurbanipal and Šamaš-šuma-ukin found it difficult to keep track of their allies. Among the most notorious double agents were Nabu-bel-shumati, a governor of the far south in Babylonia whose repeated betrayals enraged Ashurbanipal.
Siege of Babylon and death
Despite the coalition of Assyrian enemies he had assembled, Šamaš-šuma-ukin's revolt was unsuccessful. The coalition failed to halt Ashurbanipal's advance and Šamaš-šuma-ukin's forces, allies and lands were gradually lost. The Elamites, his primary ally, were defeated near Der and ceased to play a role in the conflict. By 650 Šamaš-šuma-ukin's situation looked grim, with Ashubanipal's forces having besieged Sippar, Borsippa, Kutha and Babylon itself. During the siege of Babylon, the city entered into a period of famine. Ashurbanipal's account of the siege claimed that some of the citizens grew so hungry and desperate that they ate their own children. After enduring the siege for two years, Babylon finally fell in 648 and was plundered by the Assyrian army. Ashurbanipal initiated a bloodbath in the city, described in detail in his later inscriptions: "their carved up bodies I fed to dogs, to pigs, to wolves, to eagles, to birds of the heavens, to fishes of the deep". One of Šamaš-šuma-ukin's recorded prayers records his despair in the final stages of the war:
At the time Babylon fell to Ashurbanipal, a great fire spread within the city. Šamaš-šuma-ukin's fate is not entirely clear. He is traditionally believed by historians to have committed suicide by setting himself on fire in his palace, but contemporary texts only say that he "met a cruel death" and that the gods "consigned him to a fire and destroyed his life". In addition to suicide through self-immolation or other means, it is possible that Šamaš-šuma-ukin was executed, died accidentally or was killed in some other way. Most of the accounts of his death state that it involved fire in some capacity, but do not give more elaborate details. The gods are typically identified as playing a part (perhaps burning him away with fire themselves) due to Šamaš-šuma-ukin's war against Ashurbanipal also being framed by Ashurbanipal as impious. If Šamaš-šuma-ukin was executed, it would be logical for the Assyrian scribes to leave this out of historical records since fratricide (killing a brother) was illegal and even if a soldier (and not Ashurbanipal) had carried it out, it would still constitute a murder of a member of the Assyrian royal family. Had a soldier killed Šamaš-šuma-ukin, he might very well have been executed himself. After Šamaš-šuma-ukin's death, Ashubanipal placed one of his officials, Kandalanu, on the Babylonian throne as his vassal.
Legacy
Šamaš-šuma-ukin's rebellion and downfall represented a difficult case for the Assyrian royal scribes who recorded history. As Šamaš-šuma-ukin was both a member of the Assyrian royal family and a traitorous Babylonian king, it was difficult to write of his fate; while scribes eagerly recorded lengthy accounts of the defeat of foreign kings and rebels, there was a general reluctance to write about the death of members of the Assyrian royal family. Matters might have been complicated further by the fact that unlike many other rebels faced by the Assyrians, Šamaš-šuma-ukin was not a usurper, but the legitimately installed ruler of Babylon, by decree of an Assyrian king.
Ashurbanipal's personal inscriptions offer little in regards to the end of Šamaš-šuma-ukin's life and Assyrian kings after Ashurbanipal do not mention him at all, almost as if he had never existed in the first place. Ashurbanipal's inscriptions talk around his brother's death and in many places even omit Šamaš-šuma-ukin's name, simply calling him "the king". In a relief from Ashurbanipal's palace at Nineveh, depicting his victory over the Babylonian revolt, soldiers are depicted as giving the Babylonian crown and the Babylonian royal insignia to him, but Šamaš-šuma-ukin is conspicuously absent. There is evidence of a considerable damnatio memoriae following Šamaš-šuma-ukin's downfall, with steles erected by the king being purposefully mutilated after his death, erasing his face.
Titulature
Šamaš-šuma-ukin's most frequently used title was šar Bābili ("king of Babylon"), though there exists a single inscription where he used šakkanakki Bābili ("viceroy of Babylon") instead. In the inscriptions of other Assyrian kings who ruled the city, "viceroy" is typically more common than "king". He also assumed other traditional Babylonian royal titles, such as šar māt Šumeri u Akkadi ("king of Sumer and Akkad"). Overall, his titulary was quintessentially Babylonian to a much higher degree than other Assyrian rulers of the city. As typically done by Assyrian rulers, Šamaš-šuma-ukin venerated his ancestors in many of his inscriptions, typically naming his great-grandfather Sargon II, his grandfather Sennacherib (from whom he typically omitted the title "king of Babylon" due to Sennacherib's actions against the city), his father Esarhaddon and sometimes his brother Ashurbanipal. Their inclusion in his titles may be because Šamaš-šuma-ukin feared that his legitimacy could be questioned if they were omitted. The specific way his ancestors were presented, and Šamaš-šuma-ukin's use of deities in his inscriptions, set him apart from other Assyrian rulers.
Significantly, Šamaš-šuma-ukin left out any mentions of the role of his royal ancestors as chief priests of Assyria's god Ashur, a concept intrinsically linked to Assyrian ideas of kingship. As expected for a ruler of Babylon, the deity most frequently referenced in Šamaš-šuma-ukin's royal inscriptions is Marduk, but Šamaš-šuma-ukin's inscriptions do not contain a single mention of Ashur, who was otherwise included (though sometimes in a reduced capacity) in the inscriptions of those of his ancestors who ruled both Assyria and Babylonia. Despite Šamaš-šuma-ukin publicly identifying himself as an Assyrian (through his genealogy), his inscriptions thus suggest that he did not venerate Assyria's national deity. In many places in his titles, Šamaš-šuma-ukin appropriated Assyrian titular conventions in regards to how deities were used but substituted the important gods in Assyria, such as Ashur, Ishtar and Sîn, for deities more venerated in the south, such as Marduk and Sarpanit.
See also
List of kings of Babylon
Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
Notes
References
Bibliography
Sargonid dynasty
648 BC deaths
7th-century BC Babylonian kings
Year of birth unknown
Kings of the Universe
Suicides by self-immolation
Ancient suicides |
Head of Grassy is an unincorporated community in Lewis County, Kentucky, United States. Head of Grassy is located on Kentucky Route 59 and the Grassy Fork south-southeast of Vanceburg; its name is a misnomer, as it lies downstream from the head of the Grassy Fork. Head of Grassy had a post office, which opened on November 19, 1878, and closed in 1982 or 1984.
References
Unincorporated communities in Lewis County, Kentucky
Unincorporated communities in Kentucky |
The Wigan Miners' Association represented coal miners in parts of Lancashire, in England.
The union was established in 1862, as the Wigan Miners' Provident Benefit Society. During the 1860s, it was one of the strongest miners' unions in the UK. It joined the National Association of Coal, Lime and Ironstone Workers in 1863, and then in 1869, it joined the Amalgamated Association of Miners. It was led by William Pickard.
In the 1870s, the union suffered a large number of splits: the Skelmersdale District Miners' Association, and the Tyldesley Miners' Association in 1874, and then the Aspull and District Miners' Association, Blackrod Miners' Association, Hindley Miners' Improvement Benefit Society, Leigh and District Miners' Association, Platt Bridge Miners' and Checkweigh Association, and Standish District Miners' Association in 1877. It was a founding affiliate of the Lancashire and Cheshire Miners' Federation (LCMF) in 1881, by which point its membership was down to 2,000. It dissolved itself into the LCMF in 1908.
References
Mining trade unions
National Union of Mineworkers (Great Britain)
Trade unions established in 1862
Trade unions disestablished in 1908
Trade unions based in Greater Manchester
Wigan |
Eliot S. Hearst (July 7, 1932 – January 20, 2018) was an American psychologist and professional chess player known for his writings on blindfold chess.
Biography
Hearst was born in New York City on July 7, 1932, and earned his B.A. in psychology summa cum laude from Columbia University in 1953 and his doctorate in 1956 under William N. Schoenfeld. After graduating from Columbia, Hearst was stationed at Walter Reed Army Medical Center and worked in the departments of experimental psychology and neurophysiology for two years.
From 1958 to 1964, Hearst was a senior experimental psychologist with the National Institute of Mental Health and St. Elizabeths Hospital. He then took a fellowship at the Royal College of Surgeons of England and worked under John Vane.
Hearst entered academia in 1965, joining the faculty of the University of Missouri as a professor of psychology and moved to Indiana University in 1967, teaching courses on animal behavior, learning theory, and history of psychology. He was also contracted by the Psychonomic Society to edit a volume on the historical assessments of the major subfields of psychology, The First Century of Experimental Psychology (1979). He was made Distinguished Professor by Indiana University in 1984 and retired in 1996. He then became an adjunct professor of psychology at Columbia University and the University of Arizona, where his sister, Marlys Witte, was on the faculty.
Hearst received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1974. He was elected to the Society of Experimental Psychologists in 1981 and served on the governing board of the Psychonomic Society.
Personal life
Hearst was an avid chess player who won New York State Championship in 1950 and competed in the national championship in 1954 and 1961. He was a member of the U.S. Chess team at the World Student Team Championship held in the Soviet Union in 1960, when the U.S. team won first place ahead of the Soviet team led by Boris Spassky. In 1962, he served as the captain of the U.S. Olympic Chess Team. He also defeated Bobby Fischer and played John Vane blindfolded. He earned the titles Senior Master and Life Master from the United States Chess Federation, and has written about Blindfold Chess. He was also a columnist on Chess Life, with his own column called "Chess Kaleidoscope."
Hearst died on January 20, 2018, in Tucson, Arizona. The Eliot S. Hearst Memorial Lectureship at Indiana University was named in his honor.
References
1932 births
2018 deaths
Columbia College (New York) alumni
20th-century American psychologists
Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
American chess players
University of Missouri faculty
Indiana University faculty
University of Arizona faculty
Columbia University faculty
People from New York City |
Rushup Edge is the first and only LP release by The Tuss. Although credited to Karen Tregaskin, it was written by Richard D. James. The release is named after a mountain ridge in Derbyshire. Originally released in 2007, the album was re-released with extra tracks on James' Bleep Store on 20 July 2017.
It was his last released project until the 2014 album under the Aphex Twin alias, Syro.
Track listing
Original release
Released on CD and vinyl. The vinyl version consists of three separate records, with one track on each side. Speed was at 45 rpm.
Later in 2009, WAV files would be released on the Rephlex website.
2017 re-release
Most of the new tracks are exclusively digital. However, slightly different versions of "[S770/SCI 3000,powertran] beautiful Japanese people" and "talkin2u mix2 +9" appeared on the "Aphex Mt. Fuji 2017" cassette.
The former was named as "Nagradrums 2+7," and the latter as "Talkin2u Mix2."
"Nagradrums 2+7" was 41 seconds longer than the Rushup version and both are of lower fidelity.
References
External links
CD entry at discogs.com
3x12" vinyl entry at discogs.com
Soundtrack IMDb
2007 debut albums
Rephlex Records albums |
Sir George Rainy, KCSI, KCIE (11 February 1875 – 27 January 1946) was a British colonial administrator in India. A member of the Indian Civil Service, he was member of the Governor-General's Executive Council in charge of the Commerce and Railway Departments from 1927 to 1932.
References
1875 births
1946 deaths
Indian Civil Service (British India) officers
Knights Commander of the Order of the Star of India
Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire
People educated at Edinburgh Academy
Alumni of Merton College, Oxford
Members of the Council of the Governor General of India
British people in colonial India |
Villoncourt () is a commune in the Vosges department in Grand Est in northeastern France.
See also
Communes of the Vosges department
References
Communes of Vosges (department) |
The Wild West is a shoot 'em up video game developed by Happy Happening and published by Majesco Entertainment. Though anime-styled, it was released for the Nintendo DS in North America on August 28, 2007. The game takes place in the eponymous Wild West and features two anthropomorphic animal protagonists, a male lupine bounty hunter named Wolfy and a female cheetah gunslinger named Catty, as they fight through hordes of enemies led by a criminal named Terano in order to get revenge. While the game's graphics, character design and music were all praised by critics, the gameplay and story were universally panned as low-quality, resulting in poor reception.
Gameplay
The game is largely touchscreen-based, and combines top-down 2D shooter sections with third-person 3D stages, interspersed by visual novel-style cutscene segments. The 3D stages do not allow character control, and are most similar to light gun games such as Time Crisis. At the end of each level is a boss.
Plot
The game takes place in an anthropomorphic animal version of the Old West, set around 1840. The two main protagonists, Wolfy and Catty, who are not playable at the same time, both have a vendetta against Terano, a lizard and the leader of a criminal gang.
Reception
The game received an aggregate score of 35/100 on Metacritic, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".
Dylan Platt of GameZone gave the game 4.4/10 points, its highest score overall, remarking that the idea behind the game was interesting, although it was let down by poor execution, and comparing it to an "enthusiastic amateur effort" rather than a polished piece of software. He criticized the game's difficulty, saying the large amounts of enemies made it hard to dodge their shots and ultimately calling it unfair. While calling the characters "well-designed" and "detailed", he nevertheless remarked that the world itself was "flat and featureless". He also criticized the game's implementation of lives as further adding to the difficulty.
Jack DeVries of IGN rated the game 3.5/10 points, criticizing nearly every aspect of the game besides its character design. He called the art style inconsistent, the difficulty unforgiving, and controls clunky, describing the game as a "painful montage of [...] dying over and over again". Nintendo Power also rated the game 3.5/10, calling the unlockable minigames "a good bonus", but not enough to endure playing the game itself.
Notes
References
2007 video games
Majesco Entertainment games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Shoot 'em ups
Single-player video games
Video games about wolves
Video games about cats
Video games developed in Japan
Video games set in the 19th century
Western (genre) video games |
Boxoffice Pro is a film industry magazine dedicated to the movie theatre business published by BoxOffice Media LP.
History
It started in 1920 as The Reel Journal, taking the name Boxoffice in 1931 and still publishes today, with an intended audience of theatre owners and film professionals. In 2019, its name was changed to Boxoffice Pro.
Boxoffice Pro is the official publication of the National Association of Theatre Owners, a role it took on in 2006. In 1937 the magazine began to publish box office reports; it ended its publication of movie reviews in 2012.
The magazine was originally published every Saturday by Associated Publications. Box office performance was expressed as a percentage of normal performance with normal being expressed as 100%. A Barometer issue was published in January with a review of the year including the performance of movies for the year.
Boxoffice was acquired by Webedia in 2015.
References
External links
Film magazines published in the United States
Magazines established in 1920
Film box office |
William Mills may refer to:
Politics
William Mills (1750–1820), MP for St Ives 1790–96 and Coventry 1805–12
William J. Mills (1849–1915), Governor of the New Mexico Territory
William George Mills (1859–1933), sheep breeder and politician in South Australia
William Oswald Mills (1924–1973), American politician
William Thomas Mills (1924–2011), merchant and politician in Ontario, Canada
William Stratton Mills (born 1932), politician in Northern Ireland
William Mills (Lord Provost) (1776–1857), Scottish cotton merchant and Lord Provost of Glasgow 1834 to 1837
William Ellison Mills (1859–1930), American leather manufacturer and politician from New York
Sports
William Mills (English cricketer) (1820–1877), English lawyer and cricketer
William Mills (New Zealand cricketer) (1875–1962), New Zealand cricketer
Willie Mills (baseball) (1877–1933), American professional baseball pitcher
Billy Mills (footballer) (1891–?), English footballer
Billy Mills (racing driver) (1898–1937), South African racing driver
Willie Mills (1915–1991), Scottish professional footballer
Bill Mills (baseball) (1919–2019), Major League Baseball player
Billy Mills (born 1938), American athlete
Others
William Mills (actor) (1701–1750), British stage actor
William Augustus Mills (1777–1844), Major General in the War of 1812
William Mills (surveyor) (1844–1916), Australian surveyor
William Mills (bishop) (1846–1917), Canadian Anglican bishop of Ontario, 1901–1917
William Mills (inventor) (1856–1932), inventor of the Mills bomb
William Corless Mills (1860–1928), US museum curator
William Mills (businessman) (1866–1916), Western Australian businessman
William Hobson Mills (1873–1959), British organic chemist
William Harold Mills (1921-2007), American mathematician who proved existence of Mills' constant
Billy G. Mills (born 1929), Los Angeles Superior Court judge and City Council member
Billy Mills (poet) (born 1954), Irish poet |
Lineolariidae is a family of cnidarians belonging to the order Leptomedusae.
Genera:
Agglutinaria Antsulevich, 1987
Lineolaria Hincks, 1861
Nicoliana Watson, 1992
References
Leptothecata
Cnidarian families |
Chinese Boxes is a 1984 British-West German crime mystery thriller film directed by Chris Petit and starring Will Patton and Robbie Coltrane. The film was partially German funded.
Cast
Will Patton as Marsh
Gottfried John as Zwemmer
Adelheid Arndt as Sarah
Robbie Coltrane as Harwood
Beate Jensen as Donna
Susanne Meierhofer as Eva
Jonathan Kinsler as Alan
L. M. Kit Carson as Crewcut
Chris Sievernich as Snake
Chris Petit as Gunsel (uncredited)
Michael Büttner as Policeman
Jochen von Vietinghoff as Supplier
Production
Filming for Chinese Boxes was filmed in East Berlin during 1984. The film's score was composed by a Stasi informer who also lived in East Berlin.
Release
Chinese Boxes premiered on 29 November 1984 in the United Kingdom. Years later the movie was screened in 2013 as part of Petit's Museum of Loneliness project, also in the United Kingdom.
Reception
Critical reception was generally favorable. Derek Malcolm reviewed Chinese Boxes for The Guardian, commenting that it "looks good and is at least lively". The Independent remarked that the movie was "a quintessential Eighties riddle-thriller with a hint of Godard's Made in USA in its comic-strip flatness: it features a showdown in a paper-pulping yard, a foretaste of Petit's later preoccupation with pulped and discarded culture."
Chinese Boxes has also received a 2013 review from Chris Darke in Sight & Sound.
References
External links
West German films
British crime thriller films
1980s crime thriller films
British mystery thriller films
1980s mystery thriller films
German crime thriller films
German mystery thriller films
English-language German films
1980s English-language films
1980s British films
1980s German films |
The 1959 Curitiba riots refer to three days of violence in December 1959, primarily directed against ethnic Arab immigrants, in the southern Brazilian city of Curitiba. It began on the evening of 8 December, when a local policeman António Tavares bought a comb from the shop of Ahmed Najar, a Lebanese merchant, and asked for a tax receipt. At the time, there was a campaign called Seu Talão Vale um Milhão (Your Bead is Worth a Million) to encourage the issuance of tax receipts for retail purchases. As the cost of the comb was too low, the shopkeeper refused which led to an argument that ended with the policeman fracturing a leg. Violence soon broke out, targeted initially at the shops and businesses of "turcos" ("Turks", or ethnic minorities of Middle Eastern origin) in the Centenary Bazaar in Tiradentes Square. The bazaar was a stronghold of Syrian-Lebanese traders and merchants. By the second day, rioting spilled over into downtown and hit various public buildings such as the Parana Public Library. The violence only died down on 10 December, with the deployment of the army who reestablished order and imposed a curfew.
References
1959 in Brazil
History of Curitiba
Riots and civil disorder in Brazil
Ethnic riots |
Henry Van Thio (; born 9 August 1959) is a Burmese politician who is the Second Vice President of Myanmar since 30 March 2016. He previously served as a member of Amyotha Hluttaw (House of Nationalities). In the 2015 election, he contested and won the Chin State No. 3 constituency for a seat in the country's upper house. He was sworn in as the Second Vice President on 30 March 2016.
Early life and military career
He is an ethnic Chin and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in Geography from Mandalay Arts and Science University, with a Graduate Diploma in Law from Rangoon Arts and Science University. He previously served as a Major in the Burmese Army.
Vice Presidency
On 10 March 2016, he was nominated as one of the Vice Presidents of Myanmar by National League for Democracy.
On 11 March 2016, 148 MPs nominated him as one of the Vice Presidents of Myanmar from the House of Nationalities and on 15 March 2016, he received 79 votes out of 352 in the Assembly of the Union, becoming the Second Vice President of Myanmar. He was sworn in on 30 March 2016.
Although many state- and union-level politicians, including Aung San Suu Kyi and Win Myint, were placed under house arrest during the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état on 1 February, Henry Van Thio remained in his office under the Constitution of Myanmar. Since the coup, he has missed several meetings of the National Defence and Security Council, during which the council extended the military junta's rule. In January 2023, he was hospitalised after falling at home.He made his first public appearance at the National Defence and Security Council Meeting on 31 July. On 9 August, NLD party released a press statement, dismissing Van Thio from the party.
Personal life
He is married to Anna Shwe Lwan (also spelled Anna Sui Hluan) and has three children. When his wife gained a scholarship to study theology at the University of Otago, the family moved to New Zealand to live in the Dunedin suburb of North East Valley in 2011. He supported the family through casual work, like picking fruit in Nelson and shift work at the freezing works at Finegand, near Balclutha. The family returned to Myanmar in early 2015.
He is a devout Christian, making him the first non-Buddhist to hold the office of the Vice President of Myanmar. He is a member of the United Pentecostal Church International.
References
https://www.odt.co.nz/lifestyle/magazine/man-peace
1959 births
Burmese military personnel
Burmese people of Chin descent
Living people
National League for Democracy politicians
People from Chin State
Burmese Pentecostals
Oneness Pentecostals
University of Yangon alumni
Vice-presidents of Myanmar
Mandalay University alumni |
The Muslim conquest of Azerbaijan was the military struggle that led to Azerbaijan's incorporation in the Islamic caliphate. In AD 643 (AH 22), after the conquest of Rayy and Central Persia, Umar ordered the conquest of Azarbaijan. The Rashidun Caliphate continued the conquest toward Azerbaijan first under the force of Al Mughirah bin Shubah. This was reported by Abu Jafar (Tabari), quoting the report from Ahmad bin Thabit al Razi.
History
Umar appointed Hudheifa to the command of the campaign. Hudheifa first marched to Zanjan. The local garrison defended itself but was eventually overpowered and the city fell.
The Muslim forces proceeded to Ardabil where the Persians did not resist and surrendered on the usual terms of Jizya (the annual tax levied on non-Muslims). From Ardabeel, the Muslim forces marched northward along the western coast of the Caspian Sea. A confrontation ensued at the Bab area which was an important port on the Caspian Sea. The Muslims scored another victory, but for unknown reasons, Hudheifa was recalled.
The Persians then launched a counterattack, causing the Muslims to abandon their forward posts in Azarbaijan. As a response, Umar sent expeditionary forces to Azarbaijan, one led by Bukair ibn Abdullah and another by Utba bin Farqad. The contingent under Bukair confronted the Persians at Jurmizan. The Persians were commanded by Isandiar. The battle was quite severe, the Persians were defeated and their commander Isandiar was captured alive. Isandiar asked Bukair, "Do you prefer war or peace?" to which Bukair replied that the Muslims preferred peace. Isandiar thereupon said, "Then keep me with you till I can help you in negotiating peace with the people of Azarbaijan". The Persians went to nearby hill forts and shut themselves within. The Muslims captured the entire area in the plains.
During the year of 25 Hijr, the Mushaf Uthmani of Quran was created in an attempt to avoid linguistic confusion of Qur'an which had been translated to local dialect of Azerbaijan and Armenia. Hudhaifa warned Uthman that the translation would lose its original Tafseer if it failed to standardise in the original Mushaf version first, before the locals could translate and give commentary.
Aftermath
Bukair ibn Abdullah, who had recently subdued Azerbaijan, was assigned to capture Tiflis. From Bab at the western coast of the Caspian Sea, Bukair marched north. Umar decided to practice his traditional and successful strategy of multi-pronged attacks. While Bukair was still miles away from Tiflis, Umar instructed him to divide his army into three corps. Umar appointed Habib ibn Muslaima to capture Tiflis, Abdulrehman to march north towards the mountains and Hudheifa to march towards the southern mountains. Habib captured Tiflis and the region up to the eastern coast of the Black Sea. Abdulrehman marched north to the Caucasus Mountains and subdued the tribes. Hudheifa marched south-west to the mountainous region and subdued the local tribes there. The advance into Armenia came to an end with Umar's death in November 644. By then, almost all of South Caucasus had been captured.
After 645, forces under Walid Bin Uqba campaigned in four-year rotations in two frontier districts (Thughur) of Rayy and Azerbaijan. One quarter of their army consisting of 40,000 men from Kufa campaigned each year with around 4000 in Ray and 6000 in Azerbaijan.
Notes
7th-century conflicts
640s in the Rashidun Caliphate
Military history of the Rashidun Caliphate
Azerbaijan
Medieval Iranian Azerbaijan |
Çiçekalan is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Birecik, Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey. Its population is 238 (2022). It is located on the east bank of the Euphrates, very close to the Syrian border.
Archaeology
There are four archaeological mounds near the village: Değirmen Höyük, Küçük Kale Tepe, Camuz Tepe, and Tiladir Tepe.
Değirmen Höyük has a surface area of 180x120 m and reaches a height of 20 m tall. First identified by G. Algaze et al. in 1994, it is estimated to be from the Early Bronze Age.
Küçük Kale Tepe is a small mound dated to the Hellenistic and Roman periods.
Camuz Tepe has been dated to the early-middle Paleolithic, the Iron Age, and the Roman period.
Tiladir Tepe is by far the largest, with a total surface area of 610x200 m and a height of 5 m. It has been dated to the Pottery Neolithic, late Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Byzantine periods.
See also
Karkamış Bridge
References
Neighbourhoods in Birecik District |
Modernism/modernity is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1994 by Lawrence Rainey and Robert von Hallberg.
History
It covers methodological, archival, and theoretical approaches to modernist studies in the long modernist period. Since 2000 it has been the official publication of the Modernist Studies Association.
In February 2014, the journal started operating with two editorial offices: a permanent MSA office and a permanent office at the University of York. It is published quarterly in January, April, September, and November by Johns Hopkins University Press. The journal is also available in digital form through library databases such as Project MUSE.
Content
Each issue includes a section of thematic essays, multi-work review essays, individual book reviews, and a list of "recent books of interest." The journal occasionally has guest-edited or special issues, with a series of related essays on one topic. The journal has also launched an "Out of the Archives" series, in which out-of-print and neglected works of modernism are reintroduced to its readership.
Staff
The current editors-in-chief are Stephen Ross (Concordia University) and Anjali Nerlekar (Rutgers University). Previous editors include Debra Rae Cohen (University of South CarolinaAnn Ardis (University of Delaware), Cassandra Laity (Drew University), and Jeffrey Schnapp (Harvard University).
Accolades
In 2003, Modernism/modernity won the Phoenix Award from the Council of Editors of Learned Journals.
References
External links
Modernist Studies Association
Review on JSTOR
Modernism
Academic journals established in 1994
Quarterly journals
Johns Hopkins University Press academic journals
Multidisciplinary humanities journals
English-language journals
Modernity
Academic journals associated with learned and professional societies |
The 1986 Soviet First League was the 47th season of the second tier of association football in the Soviet Union.
Teams
Demoted from the Soviet Top League: FC Fakel Voronezh and FC SKA Rostov/Donu.
Promoted from the Soviet Second League: FC Rostselmash Rostov/Donu, FC Iskra Smolensk, and FC Atalantas Klaipėda.
League standings
Note: 12 draws limit was applied during the season.
Match for 1st place
Top scorers
Number of teams by union republic
See also
Soviet First League
External links
1986 First League. football.lg.ua (Luhansk Our Football)
Soviet First League seasons
2
Soviet
Soviet |
is a peer-to-peer file-sharing (P2P) application from Japan designed for use with Microsoft Windows. It was launched in 2006. Its author is known by the pseudonym . Perfect Dark was developed with the intention for it to be the successor to both Winny and Share software. While Japan's Association for Copyright of Computer Software reported that in January 2014, the number of nodes connected on Perfect Dark () was less than on Share (), but more than on Winny (), Netagent in 2018 reported Winny being the largest with 50 000 nodes followed by Perfect Dark with 30 000 nodes followed by Share with 10 000. Netagent asserts that the number of nodes on Perfect Dark have fallen since 2015 while the numbers of Winny hold steady. Netagent reports that users of Perfect Dark are most likely to share books/manga.
As of version 1.02 (2008), code-named "Stand Alone Complex", there is support for the program to run in English, an option that can be selected when the program is installed.
Overview
Perfect Dark is still being actively developed. The author does not ask that the program's users at this point become dedicated "users" of the software. Instead, the author asks them to participate in the test phase. Through this test phase, the author hopes for bug reports and discussion that will help shape Perfect Dark into a better program.
DKT+DHT+DU
The author implements an architecture called DKT+DHT+DU in the design of the network. These three parts compose the entire network.
"DKT" stands for Distributed Keyword Table.
"DHT" for Distributed Hash Table.
"DU" for distributed Unity.
"DKT" is mainly for providing effective file searching while "DHT" and "DU" is used for effective file sharing and enhancing anonymity.
Network bandwidth requirement
Perfect Dark has higher bandwidth and hard drive space requirements than its predecessors Winny and Share. The minimum upload speed is 100 kbit/s.
Perfect Dark requires more network bandwidth and hard disk space than Winny or Share, forcing a fairer load on all users. If a user does not have Perfect Dark configured with the proper settings or if the user is unable to support the settings, download rates will be restricted and priority will be given to other users. This is intended to increase the retention rate of the Perfect Dark network.
Disk space requirement
It requires to share at minimum 40 GB of hard drive space, for its "Unity" folder (a huge distributed hash table used as a distributed data store).
File system requirement
Perfect Dark requires NTFS file system instead of FAT32, because FAT32 is limited to a file size of 4 GB, while Perfect Dark can download files up to the size of 32 GB.
Features
Distributed datastore
Like other Japanese sharing software, Perfect Dark has its own proprietary P2P network called "Unity".
One of the biggest characteristics of Perfect Dark is its powerful search capability. By using distributed hash tables, search performance is greatly improved compared to Winny or Share, making it unnecessary to rely on the construction of node clusters. This frees users from inputting or switching cluster keywords and also enables users to search for files of different genres at the same time. This is in contrast to Winny and Share, where cluster keywords, such as "DVDISO" or "アニメ"/"anime" are used to specify what types of files the user is searching for. These keywords segregate the network and introduce delays when the user changes to them.
File search: tree search
The concept of "tree search" brings about strong search ability. In addition, the flexible use of AND, OR and NOT boolean operators helps filtering out undesirable results.
Text flow
Perfect Dark includes an original feature named "flow": a window where text lines written by users scroll vertically. Each user can write one little message (few lines and columns), and it will be displayed to the other peers using the flow feature.
Automated update
Since version 1.02 Perfect Dark has an option to automatically update itself through its own (Unity) network.
Messages boards
Perfect dark has a simple message board feature. The boards are distributed into Unity network. The design is rudimentary.
To get boards, these must be searched with the file search feature, with (for example) the Japanese keyword (board).
Security
The overall structure of the Perfect Dark network broadly resembles recent versions of Freenet, only with a heavier use of distributed hash tables.
The anonymity relies on a mixnet where traffic is forwarded according to certain probability, as well as the deniability of the distributed data storage ("Unity") which is stored and transferred in encrypted blocks while the keys are distributed separately.
Perfect Dark uses RSA (1024-bit) and AES (128-bit) to encrypt data transmitted between peers. Exchanged keys are cached for efficiency.
Published files and boards (including automatic updates from the author, where enabled) are usually signed with 160-bit ECDSA signatures. Automatic updates of the software are additionally protected with a 2048-bit RSA signature.
The author believes that initially, a layer of obscurity due to the closed-source nature of the program will frustrate attempted attacks on its anonymity, as well as deter "free riders" and junk files degrading the network. However, the author has stated that it may become open-source in the future should an acceptable solution to these problems be found.
The Japanese security firm NetAgent is claiming (2010) that they have created software capable of deciphering encrypted information such as the IP address of the original computer uploading a file as well as the file name and other details of Perfect Dark.
Legal issues
A Perfect Dark user was arrested for the first time on 27 January 2010. The user had been uploading and sharing an episode of the Japanese animation TV series Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood with Perfect Dark and was charged with breach of copyright law.
On 10 June 2010, a second user, a 43-year-old man, was arrested on the suspicion of uploading roughly one thousand copyrighted files including the Big Windup! anime series.
On 8 October 2010, a 42-year-old woman was arrested for uploading the Mitsudomoe anime television series.
See also
Anonymous P2P
Distributed data store
File sharing in Japan
Share
Winny
References
Anonymous file sharing networks
File sharing networks
Windows file sharing software
Windows-only proprietary software
Garlic routing
External links
Perfect Dark guide
Perfect Darkの使い方, user guide and node list (2015)
P2P ファイル共有ソフトノード登録所(Download and node list)
SRAD article about Perfect Dark (in Japanese) 2006 |
Mamiboys was a boyband consisting of Caleb Jacob, Kevi-J and Krisheno from, India and Singapore. Formed in 2007, by Krisheno, the band is composed of Krisheno (Music Producer, Songwriter and Rapper), Caleb Jacob (Songwriter and Lead Vocalist) and Kevi-J (Lead Vocalist). The boy band was active until Krisheno exited the boy band in 2021 to pursue his musical career as a solo artist.
Mamiboys have worked together with several South Indian Music Producers such as Harris Jayaraj, Srikanth Deva & Bobo Shashi for various Tamil and Telugu Movie Soundtracks.
In 2012, the group singles titled "Chalo India" and "Siru Siru Thozvikal" were featured as official soundtracks for the Award Winning Short Film Roadside Ambanis.
2009-10 : Contributions to South Indian Movies
In the year 2009, Mamiboys made their debut in South Indian Film Music by contributing rap vocals in the song "Seema Siriki" from the South Indian Movie "Thottu Paar". Composed by Indian Music Producer, Srikanth Deva and directed by K. V. Nandhu and produced by Janaki Sivakumar and starring Vidharth, Ramana and Lakshana in leading roles the movie was released on 15 October 2010 with a U/A Certification. On the same year, Mamiboys collaborated with South-Indian Music Producer Bobo Shashi to contribute rap vocals for the song titled “Bindaas” from the Telugu Motion Picture "Bindaas" Starring film stars Manoj Manchu and Sheena Shahabadi, Bindaas was released in India on 5 February 2010 and was also later dubbed in Malayalam as "Happy 2 Happy". In 2010, the group contributed rap vocals to South Indian Music Producer Harris Jayaraj composition which was featured as a background score for the Telugu Motion Picture titled "Orange" starring film stars, Ram Charan and Genelia D Souza. The film was released in India on 26 November 2010 and was later dubbed in Malayalam as "Hai Ram Charan" and in Tamil as "Ram Charan".
2012 : Roadside Ambanis
In 2012, Mamiboys duo singles titled Chalo India and Siru Siru Thozvikal were featured as official soundtracks for the Short Film "Roadside Ambanis". Written and directed by first-timer Kamal Sethu, and produced by Grape Pictures, Roadside Ambanis was awarded as the Best Short Film at the 3rd Norway Tamil Film Festival On 27 April 2012. Oslo, Norway.
2013: Dum Tea
Dum Tea is the debut music album of Mamiboys with music scored by Jude Niranjan. Consisting of Seven Tracks, the album launch event took place at AVM Studios on May 13, 2013. Dum Tea consists of a total of seven songs.
Controversy
In 2015, Mamiboys accused debutant South Indian director, Thangam Saravanan of having copied their Dum Tea song concept as well as visuals from Dum Tea official music video for a song titled “Tea Podu” in his debut movie “Anjala” starring Vimal and Nandita.
However director Thangam Saravanan refused the allegation stating that 'Tea' was the only similarity between the two songs and the concept, music, lyrics, choreography and making were entirely different.
2016 : KAKAL
"KAKAL" is a song recorded by Mamiboys Caleb Jacob and was released on April 1, 2016. The music of KAKAL was produced by Mamiboys Krisheno and written by Caleb Jacob. Kakal was described as being different and fresh with the music being described as addictive.
2021 : Take Me Somewhere
"Take Me Somewhere" is a Chill EDM track produced by Mamiboys Krisheno and was released on June 1, 2021. The track was described as being different from the usual EDM genre consisting of screaming drops, grinding basslines, over the top rave synths and crowd driven anthem. Instead the song was described more of a chilled out, super ambient record with an overall summer vibe.
Discography
South Indian Films
Short films
Singles
References
Indian hip hop groups |
```php
<?php
/*
*
* File ini bagian dari:
*
* OpenSID
*
* Sistem informasi desa sumber terbuka untuk memajukan desa
*
* Aplikasi dan source code ini dirilis berdasarkan lisensi GPL V3
*
* Hak Cipta 2009 - 2015 Combine Resource Institution (path_to_url
* Hak Cipta 2016 - 2024 Perkumpulan Desa Digital Terbuka (path_to_url
*
* Dengan ini diberikan izin, secara gratis, kepada siapa pun yang mendapatkan salinan
* dari perangkat lunak ini dan file dokumentasi terkait ("Aplikasi Ini"), untuk diperlakukan
* tanpa batasan, termasuk hak untuk menggunakan, menyalin, mengubah dan/atau mendistribusikan,
* asal tunduk pada syarat berikut:
*
* Pemberitahuan hak cipta di atas dan pemberitahuan izin ini harus disertakan dalam
* setiap salinan atau bagian penting Aplikasi Ini. Barang siapa yang menghapus atau menghilangkan
* pemberitahuan ini melanggar ketentuan lisensi Aplikasi Ini.
*
* PERANGKAT LUNAK INI DISEDIAKAN "SEBAGAIMANA ADANYA", TANPA JAMINAN APA PUN, BAIK TERSURAT MAUPUN
* TERSIRAT. PENULIS ATAU PEMEGANG HAK CIPTA SAMA SEKALI TIDAK BERTANGGUNG JAWAB ATAS KLAIM, KERUSAKAN ATAU
* KEWAJIBAN APAPUN ATAS PENGGUNAAN ATAU LAINNYA TERKAIT APLIKASI INI.
*
* @package OpenSID
* @author Tim Pengembang OpenDesa
* @copyright Hak Cipta 2009 - 2015 Combine Resource Institution (path_to_url
* @copyright Hak Cipta 2016 - 2024 Perkumpulan Desa Digital Terbuka (path_to_url
* @license path_to_url GPL V3
* @link path_to_url
*
*/
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
return new class () extends Migration {
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create('keuangan_ta_spp', static function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->integer('id', true);
$table->integer('config_id')->nullable()->index('keuangan_ta_spp_config_fk');
$table->integer('id_keuangan_master')->index('id_keuangan_ta_spp_master_fk');
$table->string('Tahun', 100);
$table->string('No_SPP', 100);
$table->string('Tgl_SPP', 100);
$table->string('Jn_SPP', 100);
$table->string('Kd_Desa', 100);
$table->string('Keterangan', 250)->nullable();
$table->string('Jumlah', 100);
$table->string('Potongan', 100);
$table->string('Status', 100);
$table->string('F10', 10)->nullable();
$table->string('F11', 10)->nullable();
$table->string('FF12', 10)->nullable();
$table->string('FF13', 10)->nullable();
$table->string('FF14', 10)->nullable();
$table->string('Kd_Bank', 100)->nullable();
$table->string('Nm_Bank', 100)->nullable();
$table->string('Nm_Penerima', 100)->nullable();
$table->string('Ref_Bayar', 100)->nullable();
$table->string('Rek_Bank', 100)->nullable();
$table->string('Tgl_Bayar', 100)->nullable();
$table->string('Validasi', 100)->nullable();
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function down()
{
Schema::dropIfExists('keuangan_ta_spp');
}
};
``` |
Luís Guimarães Filho (1878-1940) was a Brazilian diplomat, poet, and columnist. He was born in Rio de Janeiro in October 1878 to a distinguished family. His father was Luís Guimarães, a lyric poet who was also a diplomat in Lisbon, and founder of chair no. 31 at the Brazilian Academy of Letters. His mother Cecília Canongia Guimarães died at the age of 28. Young Luís was handed over, along with his two sisters and brother Horácio, to the care of his maternal grandmother, who resided in Portugal, while his father continued his diplomatic life.
Guimaraes Filho studied at the University of Coimbra, where he received a bachelor's degree in philosophy in 1895. Following the example of his father, he entered the diplomatic career. In September 1901, he was named secretary of the Pan American Congress of Mexico. In 1902 he was named, by competition, second secretary of the legation in Buenos Aires. He was also second secretary of the legation in Montevideo, Tokyo and Beijing; legation counselor in Havana and Bern; chargé d'affaires in Tokyo, Beijing, Havana and Bern; minister plenipotentiary in Caracas, Saint Petersburg, Montevideo and The Hague. Promoted to ambassador, he held posts in Madrid and Vatican City.
He wrote regularly in the press, especially in Gazeta de Notícias and Correio da Manhã. With his first book of poetry, Versos íntimos, published in 1894, he showed himself to be a talented lyricist in the Parnassian tradition of Brazilian poetry. He confirmed it further in later works; his Pedras preciosas (1906) is considered his finest work as a poet, and was translated into Italian in 1923. His book of tales Samurais e mandarins, published in 1912, also achieved great literary success.
His last work was a biographical essay on Fra Angelico, in which he reconstructed the life of the great Renaissance artist and his historical period. Guimaraes Filho's strong religiosity manifests itself in many of his poems and, above all, in hs study of Santa Teresinha, which he wrote for Correio da Manhã and later included in the book Holanda, impressões e viagens.
He was a member of the Lisbon Academy of Sciences, the Royal Spanish Academy and several Brazilian and Portuguese cultural associations. He was the second occupant of seat 24 of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, to which he was elected on May 17, 1917, succeeding Garcia Redondo. He was received by academic Paulo Barreto (João do Rio) on July 19, 1917.
He died in Petrópolis on April 19, 1940.
References
Brazilian poets
1878 births
1940 deaths |
is a Japanese professional basketball player for the Kawasaki Brave Thunders of the B.League.
He was a member of Japan's national basketball team at the 2016 FIBA Asia Challenge in Tehran, Iran, where he recorded most assists for Japan.
He is a member of Japan's national basketball team at the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification (Asia).
Career statistics
|-
| align="left" | 2011-12
| align="left" | Toshiba
| 36|| 25 || 23.1|| .393|| .374|| .731|| 2.1|| 2.4|| 1.1|| 0|| 1.4|| 7.2
|-
| align="left" | 2012-13
| align="left" | Toshiba
| 42|| 42 || 26.7|| .518|| .477|| .820|| 2.4|| 3.1|| 1.1|| 0.1|| 1.6|| 6.6
|-
| align="left" | 2013-14
| align="left" | Toshiba
| 49|| 44 || 22.7|| .525|| .493|| .581|| 1.7|| 2.5|| 1.0|| 0.1|| 1.4|| 5.1
|-
| align="left" | 2014-15
| align="left" | Toshiba
| 19|| 17 || 22.0|| .467|| .417|| .833|| 1.5|| 2.7|| 0.7|| 0|| 1.0|| 5.0
|-
| align="left" | 2015-16
| align="left" | Toshiba
| 51|| 36 || 21.4|| .476|| .324|| .810|| 1.6|| 2.5|| 1.1|| 0.1|| 1.7|| 4.3
|-
| align="left" | 2016-17
| align="left" | Kawasaki
| 60 || 60 ||22.6 ||.477 ||.299 ||.671 ||0.8 ||3.3 ||0.9 ||0.2 ||1.3 ||7.5
|-
| align="left" | 2017-18
| align="left" | Kawasaki
| 56 || 51 || 23.1 ||.471 ||.361 ||.783 ||2.0 ||3.7 || 0.9|| 0.1||1.6 ||8.5
|-
| align="left" | 2018-19
| align="left" | Kawasaki
| 60 || 52 || 26.8 || .490 || .412 || .809 || 1.8 || 4.6 || 0.8 || 0.1 || 1.3 || 9.0
|-
| align="left" | 2019-20
| align="left" | Kawasaki
| 27 || 25 || 22.2 || .494 || .326 || .745 || 1.8 || 4.7 || 1.0 || 0.1 || 1.8 || 8.3
|-
| align="left" | 2020-21
| align="left" | Kawasaki
| 59 || 33 || 20.0 || .454 || .337 || .700 || 1.3 || 4.7 || 0.7 || 0.1 || 1.2 || 5.9
|-
| align="left" | 2021-22
| align="left" | Kawasaki
| 55 || 14 || 17.8 || .443 || .330 || .757 || 1.2 || 3.8 || 0.7 || 0.1 || 1.2 || 5.4
|-
| align="left" | 2022-23
| align="left" | Kawasaki
| 28 || 2 || 16.2 || .403 || .361 || .688 || 1.4 || 2.8 || 0.5 || 0.0 || 1.2 || 4.9
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Career
| 542 || 401 || 22.1 || .469 || .371 || .740 || 1.7 || 3.5 || 0.9 || 0.1 || 1.4 || 6.6
|}
References
External links
Profile at the 2016 FIBA Asia Challenge
Asia-basket.com Profile
1988 births
Living people
Basketball players from Tokyo
Japanese men's basketball players
Nihon University Red Sharks men's basketball players
Point guards
Kawasaki Brave Thunders players
2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup players |
Sphegina taibaishanensis is a species of hoverfly in the family Syrphidae.
Distribution
China.
References
Brachyopini
Insects described in 2006
Diptera of Asia |
Richmond was launched in 1811 as a West Indiaman. She made one voyage for the British East India Company (EIC). She wrecked in 1822 in the Sea of Java.
Career
Richmond entered the Register of Shipping in 1812 with T. Hearn, master, Sedgewick, owner, and trade Portsmouth—West Indies.
Around 26 July 1816 Richmond, Hearn, master, arrived in England. She had left Old Harbour, Jamaica, on 28 May. On 24 June she had boarded the hull of Little Jane, of Baltimore.
On 19 April 1819 Richmond, "Horn", master, was in Colombo Roads when the SW monsoon arrived. She had chain cables and lost 70 fathoms of cable when her windlass broke.
Captain James Kay sailed Richmond from the Downs 25 June 1820, bound for St Helena and Bengal on a voyage as an "extra ship" for the EIC. She reached St Helena on 29 August and arrived at Calcutta on 11 December. Homeward bound, she was at Diamond Harbour on 31 January, Madras on 15 February, and Colombo on 8 March. She left Colombo on 9 April, reached the Cape of Good Hope on 14 June and St Helena on 9 July, and then arrived at her moorings on 28 September.
The Register of Shipping for 1822 carried Richmond with Kays, master, Johnstone, owner, and trade London—New South Wales.
Fate
In July 1822 Richmond was in the Java Sea in company with , the vessels having sailed from Port Jackson, when Richmond wrecked on Hog Island on 31 July. Almorah picked up Richmonds crew and took them to Batavia, where they arrived on 5 August.
Citations
References
1811 ships
Merchant ships of the United Kingdom
Age of Sail merchant ships
Ships of the British East India Company
Maritime incidents in July 1822 |
Eupithecia undulataria is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Libya.
References
Moths described in 1934
undulataria
Moths of Africa |
The UNTV Cup Season 8 was the 2019–2020 season of the annual charity basketball league in the Philippines, UNTV Cup. The tournament is organized by UNTV under the UNTV-37 Foundation, Inc., thru its chairman and chief executive officer of BMPI-UNTV, "Mr. Public Service" Kuya Daniel Razon.
The season officially opened on September 9, 2019 at the Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay. Regular games are held at the Pasig City Sports Center in Pasig and San Juan Gym in San Juan City with a live telecast on the UNTV Public Service channel every Sunday afternoon. Twelve teams are competing for the championship title this season.
The best-of-three finals series was held on March 1 and 9, 2020, at the Paco Arena in Manila City and Smart Araneta Coliseum in Cubao, Quezon City, respectively. The championship is between the three-time defending champion AFP Cavaliers and rookie team DENR Warriors. DENR swept the series against AFP in two games, 2–0, to get their first title in their first season, and become the only rookie team to do so.
A total of 10 million pesos tax-free was given to the teams' chosen beneficiaries, with the champion team DENR Warriors taking home a trophy, and 4 million pesos given to their chosen charity institution.
During the season, the league got its fourth AnakTV award for being a child-friendly basketball tournament.
Teams
Twelve squads are vying for the championship title of the season. There are 2 new teams and 10 returning teams, including 3 former tournament winners, led by the Season 7 defending champions AFP Cavaliers.
New Teams
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Warriors
Social Security System (SSS) Kabalikat
Defunct Teams
Department of Justice (DOJ) Justice Boosters – played 7 seasons from Season 1 to Season 7
Senate of the Philippines (Senate) Defenders – played 6 seasons from Season 2 to Season 7
Group A
Group B
Elimination round
The elimination round began on September 9, 2019 at the Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay. As part of tradition, the defending champion is to face another team on opening day based on drawing lots. The draw was performed by UNTV Cup innovator Daniel Razon and commissioner Atoy Co. In the first game of the season, the defending champion AFP Cavaliers got a big win against the PITC Global Traders, 90–70.
First round
Group A
Group B
Second round
Playoffs
Quarterfinals
TBD vs. TBD
TBD vs. TBD
TBD vs. TBD
TBD vs. TBD
TBD vs. TBD
TBD vs. TBD
Semifinals
(1) TBD vs. (4) TBD
(2) TBD vs. (3) TBD
Tatluhan 3x3 Tournament
Tatluhan is UNTV Cup's second annual 3x3 basketball tournament that started on March 1, 2020, and concluded on March 9, 2020. It served as opener and intermission for Finals games. The eight participating teams include all agencies eliminated before the semifinals. Each game is maximum 8 minutes and has 12-second shot clock.
PITC became two-time 3x3 champions by defeating PhilHealth, 14-13. The Global Traders got ₱100,000 for Blas F. Ople Policy Center and Training Institute, while PhilHealth got ₱50,000 their chosen beneficiary.
Teams
Agriculture Food Masters
GSIS Furies
Malacañang-PSC Kamao
Ombudsman Graft Busters
PhilHealth Plus
PITC Global Traders (defending champions)
PNP Responders
SSS Kabalikat
Bracket
Results
Battle for Third Place: (3) NHA Builders vs. (4) Judiciary Magis
The battle for third place was between four-time semifinalist NHA Builders and two-time champion Judiciary Magis, after they lost their semifinals series on separate opponents. NHA won the game, 74–67, and got ₱1,000,000 for their chosen beneficiary as third placer. Despite the loss, Judiciary received ₱500,000 for charity as fourth placer.
UNTV Cup Finals: (1) AFP Cavaliers vs. (2) DENR Warriors
The best-of-three finals series were held on March 1 and 9, 2020, at the Paco Arena in Manila City and Smart Araneta Coliseum in Cubao, Quezon City, respectively. The championship is between the defending three-time champion and #1 team AFP Cavaliers and rookie team DENR Warriors. AFP and DENR won their semis matchup versus Judiciary and NHA, respectively, both series in two games.
Winners and Beneficiaries
A total of 10 million pesos tax-free will be given to the teams' chosen beneficiaries, with the champion team taking home a trophy, and 4 million pesos given to their chosen charity institution. The runner-up team will receive 2 million pesos for their beneficiary. One million pesos will be given to the third place team for their chosen beneficiary, while five hundred thousand pesos will be given to the fourth-place finishers' chosen charity. The other participating teams will get 100 thousand pesos for their beneficiary.
Individual awards
Season awards
The season's individual awards were given before the start of the Game 2 of the Finals, on March 9, 2020 at the Smart Araneta Coliseum.
Scoring Champion: Jonathan Aldave (PhilHealth Plus)
Step Up Player of the Year (Most Improved Player): Darwin Cordero (AFP Cavaliers)
Defensive Player of the Year: Marvin Mercado (NHA Builders)
First Five:
PG: Darwin Cordero (AFP Cavaliers)
SG: Melvin Bangal (DENR Warriors)
SF: Chester Tolomia (Judiciary Magis)
PF: Jonathan Aldave (PhilHealth Plus)
C: Marvin Mercado (NHA Builders)
Most Valuable Player:
Season MVP: Marvin Mercado (NHA Builders)
Finals MVP: Ed Rivera (DENR Warriors)
Players of the Week
The following players were named the Players of the Week.
Overall standings
Elimination rounds
Playoffs
UNTV Cup Segments
Heart of a Champion
The Heart of a Champion segment features UNTV Cup players and their lives off the court as public servants.
Top Plays
The following segment features the top plays of the week and elimination round.
Featured Segments
UNTV Cup players, agencies, and beneficiaries share their thoughts in interviews.
See also
UNTV Cup
UNTV Public Service
Notes
References
External links
UNTV website
UNTV Cup website
Members Church of God International
2019 Philippine television series debuts
2019 in Philippine sport
2020 in Philippine sport
UNTV Cup
UNTV (Philippines) original programming
2019–20 in Philippine basketball
2019–20 in Philippine basketball leagues |
Frederick Edward White (January 19, 1844 – January 14, 1920) was a one-term Democratic U.S. Representative from Iowa's 6th congressional district.
Biography
Born in Prussia, White immigrated to the United States in 1857 with his mother, who settled on a farm in Keokuk County, Iowa.
When the American Civil War began in 1861, he joined the 8th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment, but as a seventeen-year-old, he was rejected on account of age. In February 1862, after his eighteenth birthday, he enlisted in the 13th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment. He was mustered out in August 1865, after the war's end, and returned to Keokuk County and engaged in agricultural pursuits and stock raising.
In 1890, White received the Democratic nomination to run against incumbent Republican Congressman John F. Lacey for the U.S. House seat in Iowa's 6th congressional district. A protectionist measure known as the McKinley tariff had been approved by a Republican-controlled Congress and signed by a Republican president, but was extremely unpopular, especially in rural areas such as the 6th district, where it was blamed for making the agricultural economy worse. White took advantage of that backlash, and unseated Lacey, serving in the Fifty-second Congress. However, in the next election, many Iowa voters returned to historic voting patterns, and White (and the other new Iowa Democratic congressmen) were not re-elected. Instead, Lacey reclaimed his seat, and would hold it until 1907. In all, White served in Congress from March 4, 1891, to March 3, 1893.
After his defeat, White retired from public life and resumed agricultural pursuits.
He died in Sigourney, Iowa, on January 14, 1920. He was interred in Sigourney Cemetery.
References
1844 births
1920 deaths
Union Army soldiers
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Iowa
People from Keokuk County, Iowa |
VMC may refer to:
Education
Van Mildert College, Durham, a constituent college of Durham University, England
Vincent Massey Collegiate (Montreal), a high school in Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Government Vellore Medical College, a medical college in Adukkamparai, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
Organisations
Valencian Media Corporation, a Spanish media company
Vellore Municipal Corporation, the civic body that governs the city of Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
Vijayawada Municipal Corporation, the civic body that governs the city of Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
Virgin Mobile Canada, a mobile brand wholly owned by Bell Mobility in Canada
Vruwink MotorCycles, a Sidecarcross frame manufacturer
Vulcan Materials Company, a producer of construction materials
Technology
Variational Monte Carlo, an algorithm for approximating the ground state of a quantum system
Vista Media Center, the Windows Media Center included with Windows Vista
Visual Monitoring Camera, a camera launched aboard Mars Express, a spacecraft in orbit of Mars
Transportation
VMC, the minimum control speed(s) of a multi-engine aircraft
Visual meteorological conditions, an aviation flight category in which visual flight rules flight is permitted
Vaughan Metropolitan Centre station, a Toronto Transit Commission subway station, Canada
Vevey–Montreux–Chillon–Villeneuve tramway, a former tramway in the Swiss canton of Vaud
Other
Vaughan Metropolitan Centre, a central business district in Vaughan, Ontario
Vincent-McCall Company Building, now the VMC Lofts, a historical site in Kenosha, Wisconsin
Vasomotor center, a portion of the medulla oblongata that regulates blood pressure and other homeostatic processes
Virtual Museum of Canada, Canada's national virtual museum
My Little Pony: A Very Minty Christmas, a direct-to-DVD animated film |
Jimmy Wayne Barber (born October 23, 1972) is an American country music singer and songwriter. He released his self-titled debut album in 2003 on the DreamWorks Records label. Four singles were released from it, including "Stay Gone" and "I Love You This Much", which both reached Top Ten on the Billboard country charts. A second album, Do You Believe Me Now, was released in August 2008 via Big Machine Records subsidiary Valory Music Group, and its title track became his first Number One hit in late 2008. Sara Smile followed in 2009.
Early life
Jimmy Wayne was born on October 23, 1972, in Kings Mountain, North Carolina, and grew up in Bessemer City. His biological father abandoned him, and he and his sister were raised in and out of foster homes or were left with other people when their mother would leave them or was in prison. She served four months in prison in 1985 when Wayne was 12. After entering a group home, Wayne ran away and lived with his mother for a brief time before living on the streets and with his sister, Patricia, for a short while. He was invited to move in with an elderly couple, Russell and Bea Costner, (just down the road from where his mother was living), after being hired to mow their lawn. After finishing high school and earning a degree in Criminal Justice, he worked as a guard at the Gaston Correctional Facility, where he worked as a corrections officer for four years before moving to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his musical interests.
Musical career
In Nashville, Wayne worked as a songwriter for Acuff-Rose Music, collaborating with Dean Dillon, Sanger D. Shafer and others while practicing his guitar and songwriting skills. One of his first cuts as a songwriter was "Put Your Hand in Mine," released by Tracy Byrd in late 1999 from the album It's About Time. By 2001, Wayne had signed to a recording contract with DreamWorks Records' Nashville division.
Jimmy Wayne
Wayne released his debut single, "Stay Gone," in 2003. This song was inspired by his sister, Patricia, who explained her marital troubles to him by saying "everything would be better if her husband would just stay gone," according to CMT. This song went on to peak at No. 3 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts that year. It was also the first release from his self-titled debut album, produced by Chris Lindsey and James Stroud. "I Love You This Much," the next single, went on to peak at No. 6, followed by "You Are" and "Paper Angels," both at No. 18. The album also included the song "Blue and Brown," which Wayne wrote about a foster brother who ended up a prison inmate at the correctional facility Wayne worked. "Paper Angels", written about the Salvation Army's Angel Tree program, earned him a William Booth Award from the organization.
Big Machine and Valory (2006–2009)
After DreamWorks closed in 2005, Wayne was transferred to Big Machine Records. His first release for the label was "That's All I'll Ever Need," which he co-wrote with Mark Nesler and Tony Martin. This song was slated to be the lead-off single to a second album with a projected release date of early 2007.
Wayne later moved to Big Machine's sister label, Valory Music Group. His first single for Valory, "Do You Believe Me Now," entered the country charts in April 2008 and became his third Top Ten in August 2008. A second studio album, titled Do You Believe Me Now, was released on August 26. For the week of September 13, 2008, the title track became his first and only Number One hit on the Hot Country Songs chart. "I Will" was released in October 2008 as the second single from Do You Believe Me Now, and it peaked at No. 18. The next single, "I'll Be That", debuted at No. 56 in May 2009, reaching a peak of No. 46.
Sara Smile (2009–2010)
In September 2009, Wayne released a cover version of Hall & Oates' 1976 single "Sara Smile", with backing vocals from the 70's and 80's pop duo themselves. This cover is the lead-off single to his second album of the same name for Valory, released on November 23. The song has become Wayne's seventh Top 40 country single, as well as Hall & Oates' first Top 40 country single. The album's second single is "Just Knowing You Love Me," a duet with Whitney Duncan, which debuted and peaked at No. 59 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart.
Wayne joined Brad Paisley and Dierks Bentley on the American Saturday Night tour in mid-2009.
Wayne was dropped by Big Machine Records/Valory Music Company in May 2010 midway through his walk halfway across America to raise awareness for the 30,000 youth aging out of foster care every year in the U.S.
Meet Me Halfway
On January 1, 2010, Wayne set out on a walk from Nashville, Tennessee, to Phoenix, Arizona, to raise awareness to the plight of the 30,000 children who age out of foster care every year in America, into homelessness homeless youth aging out foster system. Called the "Meet Me Halfway" campaign, he walked a day, only taking days off the walk for scheduled concerts and to go to the California State Capitol to speak in favor of a bill that would increase the age kids age out of the foster system from 18 to 21.
He successfully arrived in Phoenix on August 1, 2010, after suffering a broken foot four days prior, having successfully walked 1,700 miles over seven months. Even after completing his walk, Wayne continues to advocate for foster children. He has been a spokesperson for CASA (Court Appointed Special Advocates), a national network of volunteers who represent the best interests of abused and neglected children in the courtroom and other settings. and says his goal is to have the age that youth "age out" of foster care raised from 18 to 21 across all 50 states and to bring awareness to the cause of foster youth who are aging out of the system.
Writing
In 2012, he co-wrote the novel Paper Angels, a Christmas story about a child who receives help from the Salvation Army's Angel Tree program and the man who picked his name. He wrote Walk to Beautiful: The Power of Love and a Homeless Kid Who Found the Way with Ken Abraham. The autobiography, published in 2014, details his life story which inspired the "Meet Me Halfway" campaign. In 2017, he wrote and published Ruby The Foster Dog, a children's book, published by Broadstreet Kids in November 2017. The book chronicles Wayne's adopting a dog during his walk halfway across America. The story is told from the dog's perspective. Simultaneously, Wayne released Ruby Toons, a 13-song album of songs reflecting themes in Ruby The Foster Dog.
Discography
Studio albums
Singles
Other charted songs
Music videos
Notes
References
External links
Jimmy Wayne Official website
Project Meet Me Halfway
FosterClub
1972 births
American country singer-songwriters
American male singer-songwriters
Big Machine Records artists
Country musicians from North Carolina
DreamWorks Records artists
Living people
Singer-songwriters from North Carolina
People from Kings Mountain, North Carolina
People from Bessemer City, North Carolina
21st-century American singer-songwriters
21st-century American male singers |
Haamse is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia.
Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Lääne-Saare Parish.
References
Villages in Saare County |
Terry Fennell Blocker (born August 18, 1959) is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) outfielder who played with the New York Mets and Atlanta Braves. The 6'2" outfielder batted and threw left handed.
MLB career
Blocker was the Mets' first round selection (#4 overall) in the 1981 Major League Baseball Draft out of Tennessee State University. In his first professional season, , he batted .341 with seven home runs for the Little Falls Mets of the New York–Penn League. In , he played for the Mets' minor league affiliate in Jackson, where he shared the outfield with two players who would go on to greater fame - Darryl Strawberry and Billy Beane.
In 1985 Blocker played in 18 games in the Major Leagues for the New York Mets. He got one hit in 15 at bats. He sustained a bruised tendon above his left knee in a collision with Danny Heep in right-centerfield that resulted in Terry Pendleton's inside-the-park grand slam in the fifth inning of an 8–2 loss to the St. Louis Cardinals in the second game of a doubleheader at Shea Stadium on June 9, 1985. He spent the entire 1986 and 1987 seasons in the minor leagues.
He was traded to the Braves before the 1988 season and had his most successful season playing in 66 games that season, mostly as their center fielder, and had a batting average of .212 in 198 at bats. He also had 2 home runs, 10 rbis and scored 13 runs. 1989 was his final Major League season playing in only 26 games. An attempt to become a pitcher did not prolong his career, and he only pitched 1 inning in his Major League career, for the Braves in 1989.
Although posting just a .205 batting average (50-for-244) with 2 home runs and 11 RBI in 110 games in the majors, he was a strong defensive outfielder. He committed only one miscue in 177 total chances for a .994 fielding percentage.
Personal
In 1995, Terry Blocker helped track down who murdered fellow Braves replacement player Dave Shotkoski. Shotkoski was murdered March 24, 1995 while walking near the Braves' hotel in West Palm Beach, Fla. Blocker went into the hard neighborhood near the hotel, found an acquaintance made when he played for the Braves in the late '80s, and started a search for the killer. West Palm Beach police confirmed Blocker helped target suspect Neal Douglas Evans.
The locals initially stonewalled Blocker, but eventually word got out that Evans was bragging about the murder. Blocker learned Evans was hiding in an alleged crack house and relayed that to police. They arrested Evans—who, police said, has a rap sheet "seven feet long"—at the house.
References
External links
Terry Blocker at Ultimate Mets Database
Living people
1959 births
Major League Baseball outfielders
New York Mets players
Atlanta Braves players
Baseball players from South Carolina
Tennessee State Tigers baseball players
Little Falls Mets players
Jackson Mets players
Tidewater Tides players
Richmond Braves players
Greenville Braves players |
Robert Crifo (born November 10, 1965) is a former Canadian football wide receiver who played eight seasons in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers, Ottawa Rough Riders, Saskatchewan Roughriders, Toronto Argonauts and Hamilton Tiger-Cats. He was drafted by the Winnipeg Blue Bombers in the third round of the 1988 CFL Draft. He played CIS football at the University of Toronto. Crifo was also a member of the Montreal Alouettes.
Professional career
Crifo was selected by the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the CFL with the 21st pick in the 1988 CFL Draft. He was named an East All-Star in 1991 after recording 39 receptions. He earned East All-Star honors again in 1992 after recording 53 receptions. Crifo was released by the Blue Bombers in September 1993. He signed with the Ottawa Rough Riders of the CFL in September 1993 and caught 15 passes in seven games. He was traded to the Saskatchewan Roughriders in May 1994 and released by the team in August 1994. Crifo signed with the CFL's Toronto Argonauts in 1994 and became a free agent after the 1995 season. He was signed by the Montreal Alouettes of the CFL prior to the 1996 season and released by the team in June 1996. He signed with the CFL's Hamilton Tiger-Cats in September 1996 and was released by the team in November 1996.
Amateur Golf Career
Crifo maintains a scratch handicap. He won The Rouge Match Play Championship at his home club Cedar Brae Golf Club in 2023 defeating Ken Tuck in the finals.
References
External links
Just Sports Stats
Living people
1965 births
Players of Canadian football from Ontario
Canadian football wide receivers
Canadian football running backs
Canadian football slotbacks
Toronto Varsity Blues football players
Winnipeg Blue Bombers players
Ottawa Rough Riders players
Saskatchewan Roughriders players
Toronto Argonauts players
Hamilton Tiger-Cats players
Canadian football people from Toronto |
Murroogh (), sometimes named Murrooghtoohy or Murroghtwohy, is a hamlet in County Clare, Ireland. It covers the townlands of Murrooghtoohy North and Murrooghtoohy South. It is within the civil parish of Gleninagh, in the Barony of Burren. The area was officially classified as part of the West Clare Gaeltacht; an Irish-speaking community; until 1956.
See also
List of towns and villages in Ireland
References
Towns and villages in County Clare |
Valdas is a Lithuanian masculine given name. It is the shortened form of Valdemaras and other Lithuanian names containing the Germanic or Baltic element "wald" ("rule"). Individuals with the name Valdas include:
Valdas Adamkus (born 1926), Lithuanian politician, former President of Lithuania
Valdas Dabkus (born 1984), Lithuanian basketball player
Valdas Dambrauskas (born 1977), Lithuanian football manager
Valdas Dopolskas (born 1992) Lithuanian marathon runner
Valdas Ivanauskas (born 1966), Lithuanian footballer
Valdas Kasparavičius (born 1958), Lithuanian footballer
Valdas Kazlauskas (born 1958), Lithuanian racewalker
Valdas Trakys (born 1979), Lithuanian footballer
Valdas Urbonas (born 1967), Lithuanian footballer
Valdas Vasylius (born 1983), Lithuanian basketball player
Lithuanian masculine given names
Masculine given names |
Bytown was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of the Province of Canada. The district represented the town of Bytown, in Canada West, which was re-named Ottawa in 1855. The electoral district was created in 1841, upon the establishment of the Province of Canada, from the merger of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. It was renamed to Ottawa following the renaming of the city.
Bytown was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly. It was abolished in 1867, upon the creation of Canada and the province of Ontario.
Boundaries
Bytown electoral district was primarily centred on the town of Bytown, Canada West (now Ottawa, Ontario). It was located on the south shore of the Ottawa River, which was the boundary with Canada East, now the province of Quebec.
The Union Act, 1840 merged the two provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada, with a single Parliament. The separate parliaments of Lower Canada and Upper Canada were abolished.Union Act, 1840, 3 & 4 Vict., c. 35, s. 2. Prior to the Union, Bytown had been included in the electoral district of the County of Carleton in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada, but the Union Act provided that Bytown would constitute a separate electoral district in the Legislative Assembly of the new Parliament.
The Union Act gave the Governor General of the Province of Canada the power to draw the boundaries for the electoral district. The first Governor General, Lord Sydenham, issued a proclamation shortly after the formation of the Province of Canada in early 1841, establishing the boundaries for the electoral district:
Members of the Legislative Assembly
Bytown was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly. The following were the members for Bytown.
Significant elections
In the first general election of 1841, Lord Sydenham was actively involved. He took all possible steps to ensure that a majority of the members elected to the Legislative Assembly would be supporters of the union of the Canadas. During a tour of Canada West, he stopped in Bytown and urged three of the declared candidates for the seat to withdraw in favour of his preferred candidate, Stewart Derbishire, even though Derbishire had no connection to Bytown. As part of his arguments, Sydenham told them that it was due to his influence that Bytown had received its own seat, separate from Carleton County. The three candidates withdraw, but a fourth, William Stewart continued in his candidacy. When the vote was held in March, 1841, Derbishire was elected, by a vote of 52 to 29. Stewart issued two public protests, accusing the returning officer of partisanship, but did not formally contest the result.
Abolition
The district was abolished on July 1, 1867, when the British North America Act, 1867 came into force, creating Canada and splitting the Province of Canada into Quebec and Ontario. It was succeeded by electoral districts of the same name in the House of Commons of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
References
Electoral districts of Canada West
Electoral districts of Ottawa |
Swimming World is a US-based monthly swimming magazine that was first published in a magazine format as Junior Swimmer in January 1960. It concurrently runs online websites Swimming World Magazine and Swimming World News, (known as SwimInfo prior to 2006). The headquarters is in
History
In its earliest form, Junior Swimmer began as a mimeograph/newsletter published by Peter Daland in the summer of 1952. In 1960, Coach Daland passed the responsibility of the project to Albert Schoenfeld due to Daland's greater coaching demands as the swim coach at the University of Southern California and the Los Angeles Athletic Club. The January 1960 issue was the first published in a magazine format, still called Junior Swimmer.
The magazine then went through six title changes over the next 45 years. In May 1961, the magazine changed its main cover title to Jr./Sr. Swimmer.
The publication then combined with Swimming World in June 1961. At that time, Swimming World was still a mimeograph/newsletter, which had been published for the previous 10 years by Robert J. H. Kiphuth. The June 1961 issue of the newly combined operation used a two part title, shown in two lines with different fonts, as Jr./Sr. Swimmer and Swimming World.
The title changed again the following month, settling on a single defined title, all in consistent font, of Junior Swimmer Swimming World for the July 1961 issue.
The title changed again in May 1962, when it became Junior Swimmer and Swimming World, with the words "Junior Swimmer and" shown as an upper line in a much less prominent font, making the words "Swimming World" the visually main name. In the March 1964 issue, the words were switched to Swimming World and Junior Swimmer, with the lower placed "and Junior Swimmer" still shown in a less prominent font on the cover.
This prominent Swimming World, with minor and Junior Swimmer title format continued through the February 2005 issue, with the magazine finally settling on its still-current Swimming World only title for its March 2005 issue, which brought attention to the change by showing only one story on its cover"The Changing Face of Swimming".
Operations
Swimming World has correspondents in Europe and Australia, and keeps track of all major FINA-sanctioned competitions, as well as tabulating extensive records of competitions ranging from junior to masters level swimming. It also provides advice on health related and technique issues for people with an interest in swimming.
Brent Rutemiller is the chief executive officer of Sports Publications International and Publisher of Swimming World Magazine, SWIM Magazine and Swimming Technique Magazine since 2002. Under his tenure, Rutemiller re-branded each media vehicle under one print title, Swimming World Magazine, and then re-launched all three magazines as separate digital downloads. Shortly thereafter, he launched Swimming World Radio and Swimming World TV as online properties. The Morning Swim Show is Swimming World TV's flagship program which streams weekday mornings. In 2015, Rutemiller introduced Swimming World Biweekly as a free digital magazine aggregating the top stories on the Internet every two weeks.
In 2017, the International Swimming Hall of Fame (ISHOF) merged its operations with Swimming World Magazine. The combination provided the International Swimming Hall of Fame with an outreach arm, that Swimming World can provide, to the athletes, coaches and volunteers around the world in aquatics.
Website and magazine features
Features of coaches on the website and in the magazine have been highlighted by local (University-level) news for providing a view into the unique paths coaches take to reach their coaching position and the methodologies used by coaches for training and keeping their athletes motivated.
Awards
The magazine produces an annual year-end list of the Swimming World Swimmer of the Year awards, naming winners in various categories. , the categories were: African, Male and Female; American, Male and Female; European, Male and Female; Pacific Rim, Male and Female; and, from these eight regional winners, World Female and World Male.
In addition to yearly awards for swimming, Swimming World allocates awards annually to athletes in other aquatics sports such as synchronized swimming, diving, and water polo.
The magazine also honors the top high school swim teams and swimmers in the United States on an annual summer (end of the high school year) basis, including its awards for Female High School Swimmer of the Year and Male High School Swimmer of the Year.
Notable stories
The following are a selection of notable stories where news agencies reported, referenced, highlighted, or featured Swimming World and its role in the story, and high-profile stories covered by Swimming World itself:
Between 2015 and 2021, Swimming World covered a number of high-profile engagements between Olympic medalists and their significant other including Kathleen Baker to Sean Dowling, Florent Manaudou to Pernille Blume, Caeleb Dressel to Meghan Haila, Townley Haas to Megan Meseck, Federica Pellegrini to Matteo Guinta, Ranomi Kromowidjojo to Ferry Weertman, Florian Wellbrock to Sarah Köhler, and Cody Miller to Ali DeWitt.
Day one of wave II of the 2020 US Olympic Trials, Swimming World was featured in the Connecticut Post for its ranking of the world's fastest swimmers in the 400-meter freestyle heading to the 2020 Summer Olympics including Kieran Smith.
Swimming World's coverage of potentially manipulated results at a swim meet in Uzbekistan was highlighted by Reuters in July 2021 ahead of the 2020 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
Monthly magazines published in the United States
Sports magazines published in the United States
Magazines established in 1960
Swimming websites
Water polo websites
Magazines published in Arizona
Mass media in Phoenix, Arizona |
Bert Thomas Gramly (born April 19, 1945 in Dallas, Texas) is a former Major League Baseball pitcher who played for one season. He pitched three games for the Cleveland Indians during the 1968 season.
External links
1945 births
Living people
Angelo State Rams baseball players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Cleveland Indians players
Baseball players from Dallas
TCU Horned Frogs baseball players |
Michael Mortensen and Mats Wilander were the defending champions, but Mortensen did not participate this year. Wilander partnered Joakim Nyström, withdrawing prior to their quarterfinal match.
Sergio Casal and Emilio Sánchez won the title, defeating Carlos Kirmayr and Cássio Motta 6–4, 4–6, 7–5 in the final.
Seeds
Joakim Nyström / Mats Wilander (quarterfinals, withdrew)
Heinz Günthardt / Balázs Taróczy (semifinals)
Pavel Složil / Tomáš Šmíd (first round)
Sergio Casal / Emilio Sánchez (champions)
Draw
Draw
References
Draw
1985 in Swiss sport
1985 Grand Prix (tennis)
1985 Geneva Open |
Boechout () is a municipality of Belgium located in the Flemish province of Antwerp.
The municipality comprises the towns of Boechout proper and . In 2021, Boechout had a total population of 13,526. The total area is 20.66 km².
Boechout also hosts the Sfinks Festival.
History
Boechout is first mentioned in 974 as Villa Buocholt and a possession of the Saint Bavo's Abbey in Ghent. It used to be part of the Duchy of Brabant. In 1357, Antwerp, Boechout, Hove and several other villages were acquired by the Count of Flanders, but was returned to Brabant in 1406. The village was severely damaged by war several times in the 16th century and again during World War I. In 1977, the municipality was merged into Boechout.
Climate
Notable people
Jan Cockx (1891–1976), painter
Jimmy De Jonghe (born 1992), footballer
Roger Rosiers (born 1946), former professional road racing cyclist
Jan Frans Willems (1793–1846), writer and father of the Flemish movement
Gallery
References
External links
Official Boechout & Vremde website
Municipalities of Antwerp Province
Populated places in Antwerp Province
Boechout |
Atypical Solute Carrier Families (Atypical SLCs) are novel plausible secondary active or facilitative transporter proteins that share ancestral background with the known solute carrier families (SLCs). However, they have not been assigned a name according to the SLC root system, or been classified into any of the existing SLC families.
Atypical major facilitator superfamily transport families
Most atypical SLCs are families within the major facilitator superfamily (MFS). These atypical SLCs are plausible secondary active or facilitative transporter proteins that share ancestry with the known solute carriers. They are, however, not named according to the SLC root system, or classified into any of the existing SLC families. ATMFs are categorised based on their sequence similarity and phylogenetic closeness.
Some Atypical SLC of MFS type are: OCA2, CLN3, SPNS1, SPNS2, SPNS3, SV2A, SV2B, SV2C, SVOP, SVOPL, MFSD1, MFSD2A, MFSD2B, MFSD3, MFSD4A, MFSD4B, MFSD5, MFSD6, MFSD6L, MFSD8, MFSD9, MFSD10, MFSD11, MFSD12, MFSD13A, MFSD14A, MFSD14B, UNC93A and UNC93B1. All these are atypical SLCs found within the Major facilitator superfamily. Also TMEM104 (APC clan), OCA2 (IT clan) and CLN3 (having no clan) are atypical SLCs in humans.
Non-MFS transport families
Although most atypical SLCs are from the major facilitator superfamily, there are exceptions: TMEM104 (APC superfamily), OCA2 (IT superfamily) and CLN3 (unknown superfamily).
References
Solute carrier family |
Yossi Bachar (; born 9 April 1964) is an Israeli Major general (Aluf) who commands the IDF's General Staff Corps.
Military service
Bachar was drafted into the IDF in 1983. He volunteered as a paratrooper in the Paratroopers Brigade, and in 1985 became an infantry officer after completing Officer Candidate School. During his career Bachar led the Brigade's Reconnaissance company, 101st "Peten" (Elapidae) paratroop battalion and Maglan Unit in counter-guerrilla operations in South Lebanon. During Operation Defensive Shield he commanded 55th Paratroopers Brigade and afterwards he led the 35th Paratroopers Brigade in counter-terror operations in the Second Intifada. Bachar was then assigned to command the Gaza Division. In September 2014 he was appointed as the commander of the IDF's General Staff Corps.
References
1964 births
Living people
Israeli generals
Jewish military personnel |
C. armeniaca may refer to:
Consolida armeniaca, a plant species
Cypraea armeniaca, a snail species in the genus Cypraea
See also
Armeniaca (disambiguation) |
```yaml
category: IT Services
commonfields:
id: Google Cloud Storage
version: -1
configuration:
- display: Service Account Private Key file contents (JSON)
name: service_account_json
type: 4
hidden: true
required: false
- displaypassword: Service Account Private Key file contents (JSON)
name: credentials_service_account_json
hiddenusername: true
type: 9
required: false
display: ""
- display: Default Bucket
name: default_bucket
type: 0
required: false
- display: Use system proxy settings
name: proxy
type: 8
required: false
- display: Trust any certificate (not secure)
name: insecure
type: 8
required: false
description: Google Cloud Storage is a RESTful online file storage web service for storing and accessing data on Google Cloud Platform infrastructure.
display: Google Cloud Storage
name: Google Cloud Storage
script:
commands:
- description: Retrieves the list of buckets.
name: gcs-list-buckets
outputs:
- contextPath: GCS.Bucket.Name
description: Bucket name (also ID).
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.Bucket.TimeCreated
description: Bucket creation time.
type: Date
- contextPath: GCS.Bucket.TimeUpdated
description: Last time bucket was modified.
type: Date
- contextPath: GCS.Bucket.OwnerID
description: Bucket owner ID.
type: String
arguments: []
- arguments:
- default: true
description: Name of the bucket to retrieve. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
description: Retrieves bucket information.
name: gcs-get-bucket
outputs:
- contextPath: GCS.Bucket.Name
description: Bucket name (also ID).
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.Bucket.TimeCreated
description: Bucket creation time.
type: Date
- contextPath: GCS.Bucket.TimeUpdated
description: Last time bucket was modified.
type: Date
- contextPath: GCS.Bucket.OwnerID
description: Bucket owner ID.
type: String
- arguments:
- default: true
description: Name of the bucket to create.
name: bucket_name
required: true
- auto: PREDEFINED
description: Access Control List for the bucket.
name: bucket_acl
predefined:
- authenticatedRead
- private
- projectPrivate
- publicRead
- publicReadWrite
- auto: PREDEFINED
description: Default Access Control List for the object.
name: default_object_acl
predefined:
- authenticatedRead
- bucketOwnerFullControl
- bucketOwnerRead
- private
- projectPrivate
- publicRead
- defaultValue: US
description: The location of the bucket, The default value is US.
name: location
- auto: PREDEFINED
description: Whether the bucket is configured to allow only IAM, The default value is false.
name: uniform_bucket_level_access
defaultValue: 'false'
predefined:
- 'false'
- 'true'
description: Creates a new bucket.
name: gcs-create-bucket
- arguments:
- default: true
description: Name of the bucket to delete.
name: bucket_name
required: true
- auto: PREDEFINED
defaultValue: 'false'
description: Forces the bucket to delete (if not empty).
name: force
predefined:
- 'true'
- 'false'
required: true
description: Deletes a bucket.
name: gcs-delete-bucket
- arguments:
- default: true
description: Name of the bucket in which to list objects. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
- description: Specify to limit blobs within a "folder" i.e., "folder-1/" if blob is "folder-1/file.txt".
name: prefix
- description: Use a delimiter if you want to limit results within a specific "folder" and without any nested blobs i.e., "/".
name: delimiter
description: Retrieves the list of objects in a bucket.
name: gcs-list-bucket-objects
outputs:
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.Name
description: Object name.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.Bucket
description: Name of the bucket containing the object.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.ContentType
description: Content-Type of the object data.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.TimeCreated
description: Object creation time.
type: Date
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.TimeUpdated
description: Last time object was modified.
type: Date
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.TimeDeleted
description: Object deletion time (available if the object is archived).
type: Date
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.Size
description: Object size in bytes.
type: Number
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.MD5
description: MD5 hash of the data in Base64.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.OwnerID
description: Object owner ID.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.CRC32c
description: CRC32c checksum (as described in RFC 4960, Appendix B path_to_url ), encoded using Base64 in big-endian byte order.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.EncryptionAlgorithm
description: The encryption algorithm.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObject.EncryptionKeySHA256
description: SHA256 hash value of the encryption key.
type: String
- arguments:
- description: Name of the bucket in which the object resides. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
- default: true
description: Name of the object to download.
name: object_name
required: true
- description: Name of the file in which the object is downloaded (if not specified, the name is derived from the object name, but this may fail if the object contains invalid filename characters).
name: saved_file_name
description: Retrieves object data into a file.
name: gcs-download-file
- arguments:
- default: true
description: ID of a context entry containing the file to upload.
name: entry_id
required: true
- description: Name of the bucket in which to upload the object. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
- description: Name of the uploaded object within the bucket.
name: object_name
required: true
- auto: PREDEFINED
description: Access Control List for the uploaded object.
name: object_acl
predefined:
- authenticatedRead
- bucketOwnerFullControl
- bucketOwnerRead
- private
- projectPrivate
- publicRead
description: Uploads a file (object) into a bucket.
name: gcs-upload-file
- arguments:
- default: true
description: Name of the bucket for the Access Control List. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
description: Retrieves the Access Control List of a bucket.
name: gcs-list-bucket-policy
outputs:
- contextPath: GCS.BucketPolicy.Bucket
description: Name of the bucket holding the Access Control List.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketPolicy.Entity
description: The entity holding the permission.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketPolicy.Email
description: Email address associated with the entity (if any).
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketPolicy.Role
description: The access permission for the entity.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketPolicy.Team
description: Project team associated with the entity (if any).
type: String
- arguments:
- description: Name of the bucket in which to modify the Access Control List. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
- default: true
description: "Entity to add into the Access Control List.\nCommon entity formats are:\n* user-<userId or email>\n* group-<groupId or email>\n* allUsers\n* allAuthenticatedUsers\nFor more options and details, see: path_to_url "
name: entity
required: true
- auto: PREDEFINED
description: The access permission for the entity.
name: role
predefined:
- Reader
- Writer
- Owner
required: true
description: |-
Adds a new entity to a bucket's Access Control List.
Note: use the gcs-put-bucket-policy command to update an existing entry.
name: gcs-create-bucket-policy
- arguments:
- description: Name of the bucket in which to modify the Access Control List. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
- default: true
description: "The entity to update in the Access Control List.\nCommon entity formats are:\n* user-<userId or email>\n* group-<groupId or email>\n* allUsers\n* allAuthenticatedUsers\nFor more options and details, see: path_to_url "
name: entity
required: true
- auto: PREDEFINED
description: The access permissions for the entity.
name: role
predefined:
- Reader
- Writer
- Owner
required: true
description: |-
Updates an existing entity in a bucket's Access Control List.
Note: use the gcs-create-bucket-policy command to create a new entry.
name: gcs-put-bucket-policy
- arguments:
- description: Name of the bucket in which to modify the Access Control List. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
- default: true
description: "Entity to remove from the Access Control List.\nCommon entity formats are:\n* user-<userId or email>\n* group-<groupId or email>\n* allUsers\n* allAuthenticatedUsers\nFor more options and details, see: path_to_url "
name: entity
required: true
description: Removes an entity from a bucket's Access Control List.
name: gcs-delete-bucket-policy
- arguments:
- description: Name of the bucket in which the object resides. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
- default: true
description: Name of the object in which to list access controls.
name: object_name
required: true
description: Retrieves the Access Control List of an object.
name: gcs-list-bucket-object-policy
outputs:
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObjectPolicy.Bucket
description: Name of the bucket in which the object resides.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObjectPolicy.Object
description: Name of the object holding the Access Control List.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObjectPolicy.Entity
description: The entity holding the permission.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObjectPolicy.Email
description: Email address associated with the entity (if any).
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObjectPolicy.Role
description: The access permission for the entity.
type: String
- contextPath: GCS.BucketObjectPolicy.Team
description: Project team associated with the entity (if any).
type: String
- arguments:
- description: Name of the bucket in which the object resides. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
- description: Name of the object in which to modify the Access control List.
name: object_name
required: true
- default: true
description: "Entity to add into the Access Control List.\nCommon entity formats are:\n* user-<userId or email>\n* group-<groupId or email>\n* allUsers\n* allAuthenticatedUsers\nFor more options and details, see: path_to_url "
name: entity
required: true
- auto: PREDEFINED
description: The access permission for the entity.
name: role
predefined:
- Reader
- Owner
required: true
description: |-
Adds a new entity to an object's Access Control List.
Note: use the gcs-put-bucket-object-policy command to update an existing entry.
name: gcs-create-bucket-object-policy
- arguments:
- description: Name of the bucket in which the object resides. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
- description: Name of the object in which to modify access controls.
name: object_name
required: true
- default: true
description: "The entity to update in the Access Control List.\nCommon entity formats are:\n* user-<userId or email>\n* group-<groupId or email>\n* allUsers\n* allAuthenticatedUsers\nFor more options and details, see: path_to_url "
name: entity
required: true
- auto: PREDEFINED
description: The access permissions for the entity.
name: role
predefined:
- Reader
- Owner
required: true
description: |-
Updates an existing entity in an object's Access Control List.
Note: use gcs-create-bucket-object-policy command to create a new entry.
name: gcs-put-bucket-object-policy
- arguments:
- description: Name of the bucket in which the object resides. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: bucket_name
- description: Name of the object in which to modify access controls.
name: object_name
required: true
- default: true
description: "Entity to remove from the Access Control List.\nCommon entity formats are:\n* user-<userId or email>\n* group-<groupId or email>\n* allUsers\n* allAuthenticatedUsers\nFor more options and details, see: path_to_url "
name: entity
required: true
description: Removes an entity from an object's Access Control List.
name: gcs-delete-bucket-object-policy
- arguments:
- description: Name of the Bucket to copy the object from. If not specified, operation will be performed on the default bucket parameter.
name: source_bucket_name
- description: Name of the Bucket to copy the object to.
name: destination_bucket_name
required: true
- description: Name of the object to copy.
name: source_object_name
required: true
- description: Name of the object in the destination bucket. If not specified, operation will be performed with the source_object_name parameter.
name: destination_object_name
description: Copies a file (object) from one bucket to another.
name: gcs-copy-file
dockerimage: demisto/google-cloud-storage:1.0.0.89308
runonce: false
script: ''
type: python
subtype: python3
tests:
- GCS - Test
fromversion: 5.0.0
``` |
Quentin Dominic Groves (July 5, 1984 – October 15, 2016) was an American football linebacker. He was drafted by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the second round of the 2008 NFL Draft and played college football at Auburn. He also played for the Oakland Raiders, Arizona Cardinals, Cleveland Browns, Houston Texans, Tennessee Titans and the Buffalo Bills.
Groves was named to the Chuck Bednarik Award, Bronko Nagurski Trophy and Ted Hendricks Award, watchlists for the 2007 college football season. Groves was a sack specialist at Auburn and finished tied for the Auburn career sack record at 26.
High school career
At Greenville Weston High School, Groves started for four years playing tight end as well as defensive end. He recorded 89 tackles, 15 sacks, one interception and seven fumbles forced as a junior and 86 tackles, 22 sacks and three fumble recoveries as a senior. Based on his high school performance, he was selected to the ESPN.com/Tom Lemming Top 100, USA Today All-USA second-team, Orlando Sentinel Super Southern 100 and rated the nation's third best defensive end nationally by ESPN.com/Tom Lemming. He also played basketball, competed in the discus (147 ft, 7 inches), long jump (20 ft, 11 inches) and 100-meter dash (11.44 seconds) in track & field and was a member of the power lifting team (personal best squat of 535 pounds along with a bench press of 295 and a dead lift of 525).
College career
2004
As a redshirt freshman, Groves was used part-time in the rotation at defensive end as a rushing/sack specialist. During the Kentucky game, he recorded six total tackles and four sacks to tie the Auburn single-game individual sack record. He also forced two Kentucky fumbles inside their own 20-yard line, one of which was returned for a touchdown. He had four tackles and a quarterback hurry that caused an interception in Auburn's win over Tennessee in Neyland Stadium. Groves finished the season tied for third in the SEC and tied for the team lead with 7.5 sacks. He also tied for the team lead with 10 tackles for loss for the season. Those efforts earned him recognition on the ''Sporting News[[ Freshman All-American First-Team, All-SEC Freshman First-Team, Rivals.com Freshman All-America First-Team and the FWAA Freshman All-America Team.
2005
Groves played in all 12 games in the 2005 season, starting in three. He finished the season with 21 tackles (8 solo 13 assists) eight tackles for loss and six sacks (third on the team).
2006
In 2006, Groves started all 13 games to help Auburn finish 11-2 including a key performance in the Tigers' 27-17 win over eventual BCS champion Florida. Groves sacked Chris Leak three times in the third quarter and forced a fumble in the fourth quarter at Auburn's own six-yard line to stop a Gator scoring opportunity. With under three minutes left, he hurried a Leak pass attempt which was picked off by teammate Eric Brock to seal the win. For his efforts against Florida, Groves was named the FWAA/Bronko Nagurski National Defensive Player of the Week as well as the SEC's Defensive Player of the Week. He was also named SEC Defensive Lineman of the Week for his play in the Auburn victory over cross-state rival Alabama. Groves finished the season with 9.5 sacks to lead the team, as well as 12 tackles for loss, 37 total tackles (24 solo) and three forced fumbles. The performance earned him Coaches and Associated Press All-SEC First Team honors as well as a place on the Rivals.com All-American Third-Team.
2007
In the spring of 2007 Groves was ranked as the #22 player overall in the country for 2007 by Matt Hayes of The Sporting News. In June 2007, he was named to both the Bronko Nagurski Trophy and Chuck Bednarik Award watchlists. In early July, he was also named to the Ted Hendricks Defensive End of the Year watchlist. Just prior to the season, Sports Illustrated ranked him at #9 in their list of the SEC's Top 10 Players.
Groves entered the 2007 season with 23 career sacks, only three behind the Auburn school record held by Gerald Robinson since 1985. In the season opener versus Kansas State, Groves recorded two sacks of quarterback Josh Freeman one of which resulted in a fumble returned for a touchdown by team Antonio Coleman. While Groves continued to be productive tackling, his quest for the Auburn career sack record stalled for several games. In the Tigers' win over the Florida Gators in the Swamp, Groves foot was stepped on and he suffer three severely dislocated toes. The injury sidelined him for the Vanderbilt and Arkansas games, but Groves returned in limited duty against LSU where he recorded a sack of Matt Flynn to tie the career record. Following the regular season, Groves was honored as a Coaches All-SEC First Team selection. Groves finishes as a member of the winningest Senior class in Auburn history, winning 50 games during their time on the Plains.
Pre NFL Draft
Measurables
Cardiac condition
While undergoing medical tests at the NFL Combine, Groves was discovered to have Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome, which results in him having a rapid heartbeat because of electrical impulses in the heart taking extra pathways. Groves told the media, "It's an extra circuit in the heart, and it speeds up your heartbeat, it's nothing too critical, but you have to take care of it."
Often this condition can be treated with medication, however, not in all cases. Groves elected to have a surgical procedure called ablation, which is described as "minor". After the procedure Groves sent a letter to all NFL teams informing them that he was able to play, according to his doctors. "Some teams had questions so that's when my agent said to get it fixed", Groves said. "The letter said that the doctors said I was 100% healed, and I'm good."
Professional career
Jacksonville Jaguars
Groves was drafted in 21st spot of the second round (52nd overall) of the 2008 NFL Draft by the Jacksonville Jaguars. The Jaguars traded with Tampa Bay to move up six spots in order to select Groves.
Oakland Raiders
Groves was traded to the Oakland Raiders from the Jacksonville Jaguars for a 5th round pick in the 2010 NFL Draft.
Arizona Cardinals
Groves signed as an unrestricted free agent with the Arizona Cardinals on May 28, 2012. On November 9, Groves was fined $15,750 for a horse-collar tackle against the Green Bay Packers in Week 9.
Cleveland Browns
Groves signed as an unrestricted free agent with the Cleveland Browns on March 13, 2013. He was released on June 6, 2014.
Houston Texans
Groves signed as an unrestricted free agent with the Houston Texans on July 27, 2014. The Texans released him for final roster cuts on August 30.
Tennessee Titans
On September 1, 2014, Groves signed with the Tennessee Titans.
Buffalo Bills
On August 17, 2015, Groves signed with the Buffalo Bills. On September 4, 2015, he was released by the Bills.
Personal life
Groves was born in Greenville, Mississippi. He had two brothers, Antonial and Bennett.
On July 31, 2006, he eloped to marry Treska Baptiste, a member of Auburn's track team who hails from Trinidad, just before the start of his junior year. The couple had two children, a son Que’Mani Kassan Shiloh and a daughter Que’Jaah.
Groves died on October 15, 2016, of a heart attack. He was 32 years old.
References
External links
Auburn University bio
1984 births
2016 deaths
Players of American football from Mississippi
African-American players of American football
American football defensive ends
American football linebackers
Auburn Tigers football players
Jacksonville Jaguars draft picks
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Oakland Raiders players
Arizona Cardinals players
Cleveland Browns players
Houston Texans players
Tennessee Titans players
Buffalo Bills players
20th-century African-American people
21st-century African-American sportspeople |
Alana Suzanne DeLong (born c. 1949) is a Canadian politician who was the candidate for the Conservative Party of Canada in the Cowichan-Malahat-Langford federal riding in the 2019 general election. She is a former member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta who represented the constituency of Calgary-Bow as a Progressive Conservative. She was first elected in 2001 and reelected in the 2004, 2008, and 2012 Alberta provincial elections. Alana DeLong did not run in 2015 general election.
Early life
DeLong was born in Nelson, British Columbia. She graduated from the University of British Columbia in 1970 with a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics (honours) with a drama minor before going on to complete courses toward a Master of Computer Science degree at the University of Calgary. With more than 20 years experience in the information technology industry, DeLong has worked with many leading computer companies in Calgary including Barry W. Ramer & Partners Ltd. Canada's largest IBM PC VAR where she served as a leading Marketing Representative, Sterlingrock Systems Incorporated where she served as president and Sperry Univac where she worked as their first female computer mainframe salesperson. DeLong also holds the distinction of being the first female marketing manager with General Electric in Canada.
DeLong has long been an active community member. She served as president of Tuesday Nooners Toastmasters and extensively campaigned for the Cancer Fund, the Heart and Stroke Fund, the Canadian Red Cross Society, Flowers of Hope, and a number of municipal, provincial, and federal elections. DeLong has also drawn on her background in drama as an actress with Theatre Calgary, host of a television ski program, and singer with the Calgary Opera Chorus.
Political life
DeLong first sought public office in the 2001 provincial election in the constituency of Calgary-Bow. In that election, DeLong received 64% of the vote. She was subsequently reelected in 2004 with a share of 48% and again in 2008 when she earned 45% of the vote.
During the same-sex marriage debate in December 2004, DeLong joined the majority of Progressive Conservative caucus in speaking against same sex marriage rights and supported a legal challenge following Reference Re Same-Sex Marriage and the introduction of Bill C-38 by the Government of Canada.
DeLong intended to run as a candidate in the 2006 Progressive Conservative Leadership convention but decided against seeking the position prior to the nomination deadline. Up until the point of her departure from the race, she was the only female seeking the leadership.
In addition to her role as an MLA, DeLong has been a member of a number of committees. She has served in the role of chair of the Standing Committee on Private Bills, the Nomination Review Committee of the Ministers Seniors Service Awards, and of the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and SuperNet Committee, as well as the position of vice-chair of the Official Song Committee. DeLong has also served on the Regulatory Review Steering Committee, the Provincial Archives of Alberta Advisory Board, the Cabinet Policy Committee on Government Services, the Standing Committee on Public Accounts Committee, the Standing Policy Committee on Justice and Government Services, and the Standing Policy Committee on Law and Regulations and Public Accounts. As well, she has served as a member of a number of MLA Review Committees, including the MLA Committee to Review the Assured Income for the Severely Handicapped (AISH) Program, the MLA Committee to Review Low-Income Programs in Alberta, the MLA Committee to Review Marketing Tourism, the MLA Committee to Review Freedom of Information Practices, and the MLA Committee to Review the Select Conflicts of Interest Act.
DeLong served as a member of the Cabinet Policy Committee on Community Services, the Standing Committee on Privileges and Elections, Standing Orders and Printing, and the Standing Committee on the Alberta Heritage Savings Trust Fund. She also serves as co-chair of the Alberta Life Sciences Institute (ALSI) Board.
Personal life
DeLong is married to Robert Spencer. She has two grown children, Samantha and James. She lived in the community of Bowness for more than 30 years and designed the log home she lives in with her family. DeLong returned to her native home of British Columbia in April 2015 and now lives on Thetis Island in the Southern Gulf Islands.
Electoral record
References
External links
Alana DeLong's web page
Year of birth missing (living people)
Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta MLAs
Canadian people of Dutch descent
Living people
People from Nelson, British Columbia
Women MLAs in Alberta
21st-century Canadian politicians
21st-century Canadian women politicians
BC United candidates in British Columbia provincial elections |
```cmake
# Try to find the Gloo library and headers.
# Gloo_FOUND - system has Gloo lib
# Gloo_INCLUDE_DIRS - the Gloo include directory
# Gloo_LIBRARY/Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY - libraries needed to use Gloo
find_path(Gloo_INCLUDE_DIR
NAMES gloo/common/common.h
DOC "The directory where Gloo includes reside"
)
find_library(Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY
NAMES gloo
DOC "The Gloo library (without CUDA)"
)
find_library(Gloo_CUDA_LIBRARY
NAMES gloo_cuda
DOC "The Gloo library (with CUDA)"
)
set(Gloo_INCLUDE_DIRS ${Gloo_INCLUDE_DIR})
# use the CUDA library depending on the Gloo_USE_CUDA variable
if (DEFINED Gloo_USE_CUDA)
if (${Gloo_USE_CUDA})
set(Gloo_LIBRARY ${Gloo_CUDA_LIBRARY})
set(Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY ${Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY})
else()
set(Gloo_LIBRARY ${Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY})
set(Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY ${Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY})
endif()
else()
# else try to use the CUDA library if found
if (${Gloo_CUDA_LIBRARY} STREQUAL "Gloo_CUDA_LIBRARY-NOTFOUND")
set(Gloo_LIBRARY ${Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY})
set(Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY ${Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY})
else()
set(Gloo_LIBRARY ${Gloo_CUDA_LIBRARY})
set(Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY ${Gloo_NATIVE_LIBRARY})
endif()
endif()
include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
find_package_handle_standard_args(Gloo
FOUND_VAR Gloo_FOUND
REQUIRED_VARS Gloo_INCLUDE_DIR Gloo_LIBRARY
)
mark_as_advanced(Gloo_FOUND)
``` |
Canada has a large domestic and foreign tourism industry. The second largest country in the world, Canada's incredible geographical variety is a significant tourist attractor. Much of the country's tourism is centred in the following regions: Toronto, Montreal, Quebec City, Vancouver/Whistler, Niagara Falls, Vancouver Island, Canadian Rockies, British Columbia's Okanagan Valley, Churchill, Manitoba and the National Capital Region of Ottawa-Gatineau. The large cities are known for their culture, diversity, as well as the many national parks and historic sites.
In 2012, over 16 million tourists arrived in Canada, bringing US$17.4 billion in international tourism receipts to the economy. Domestic and international tourism combined directly contributes 1% of Canada's total GDP and supports 309,000 jobs in the country.
Statistics
Most visitors arriving to Canada in 2015 came from the following countries of residence
World Heritage Sites in Canada
There are 20 World Heritage Sites in Canada, including one of the oldest, Nahanni National Park, Northwest Territories (1978), and one of the newest, the Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park, Alberta (2019). Of these 20 sites, 9 are Cultural Heritages and 10 are Natural Heritages. One (Pimachiowin Aki) is a combined site.
Canada's provinces and territories
British Columbia
British Columbia is Canada's westernmost province and touches the Pacific Ocean. The winters in the coastal areas are relatively warm in comparison to the rest of Canada. British Columbia is divided into 6 regions:
Vancouver, Coast & Mountains
Thompson Okanagan
Cariboo Coast Chilcotin
Northern British Columbia
Kootenay Rockies
Vancouver Island
British Columbia is Canada's most mountainous province and has some of the most spectacular mountain scenery in the world. Alpine skiing is a major draw for the province. The province has about 33 large ski resorts spread out from Vancouver Island to the Alberta border. Whistler, British Columbia, nestled in the rugged Coast Mountains, is consistently ranked as the #1 ski resort destination in North America and co-hosted the 2010 Winter Olympic Games.
Vancouver, the largest Canadian metropolitan area west of Toronto, is one of Canada's most multi-cultural cities. There is a large community of people of Asian origin. Vancouver is a harbour city and provides beautiful landscapes of mountains and ocean.
Sites of interest in Vancouver
Capilano Suspension Bridge, a bridge 70 m above the Capilano River
Stanley Park, a large forested park near downtown, the largest city owned park in Canada. Eight million visitors each year.
Granville Island, a small island near downtown with a public market, marina, shopping and theatres.
Chinatown, Vancouver, one of the largest in North America.
Robson Street, a bustling upscale shopping district with a good selection of restaurants.
Gastown, a mix of tourist-oriented businesses, restaurants and nightclubs.
Vancouver Art Gallery
Vancouver Maritime Museum
Museum of Anthropology at UBC
Vancouver Museum
Science World at Telus World of Science
Vancouver is home to the
BC Lions, Canadian Football League
Vancouver Canucks, National Hockey League
Vancouver Whitecaps FC, Major League Soccer
Victoria, British Columbia, on scenic Vancouver Island, is a major Canadian tourist destination attracting millions of visitors each year. Popular activities for tourists are whale watching, enjoying the busking in the inner harbour area and visiting world-famous Butchart Gardens.
Long Beach (Pacific Rim National Park) and the communities of Tofino and Ucluelet are popular tourist areas. Tofino, a town of only a few thousand, hosts more than one million visitors each year. Many new resorts are being built in the area to accommodate surfers, beach lovers, storm watchers and golfers.
Whale watching is common along the coastal areas of British Columbia as is Pacific storm watching along the west coast of Vancouver Island during the winter months.
Wine tours are common in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia's wine and orchard country. The Okanagan Valley area has some of the best beaches and warmest summer temperatures in Canada, as well as Canada's only hot desert around the town of Osoyoos. There are 53 golf courses and two major ski resorts in the valley.
British Columbia is also a popular location for the production of many Hollywood films; it is the third largest film centre in North America only trailing California and New York.
Alberta
Alberta is a province in Canada's western prairies next to the Rocky Mountains. Its two major cities are Calgary and Edmonton, the province's capital. Edmonton is well known for West Edmonton Mall, the largest shopping mall in North America, formerly the largest in the world. Edmonton is also known as Canada's festival city, with over 60 festivals happening year round. Edmonton is home to the area of Old Strathcona, a historical district with boutique shopping, music, arts, and many restaurants. Calgary is famous for the Calgary Stampede, the world's largest rodeo and one of the biggest open air events worldwide attracting up to 1.5 million visitors every year.
Another world-class attraction is the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology in Drumheller, home to 5 Guinness World Records due to its unique collection of dinosaur fossils including the longest-necked animal's skeleton in the world. Alberta also contains significant natural scenery, including six of Canada's twenty UNESCO World Heritage Sites. These are Banff and Jasper National Parks, Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, Wood Buffalo National Park, Dinosaur Provincial Park, Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump and Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park. In the southeast, Alberta shares with Saskatchewan the Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park, a geographic region of importance both to Indigenous history and to the North-West Mounted Police.
Alberta is an important skiing destination for tourists. It has several world-class ski resorts. Canada Olympic Park, with its downhill ski and ski jumping facilities, is in the city of Calgary.
Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan offers two major cities, Regina and Saskatoon. Regina is home to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Academy at Depot Division where visitors can view the Sergeant Major's Parade held weekdays and the seasonal Sunset Retreat Ceremonies. Regina is also home to the RCMP Heritage Centre, which opened in May 2007. Saskatoon is home to the largest branch of the Western Development Museum, which houses important artifacts and recreations of the early settlement of the Canadian prairies.
The prairie province also has the most golf courses and water bodies per capita of any other province. Statistically the warmest summers with the most sunlight hours in Canada occur in Saskatoon. Natural attractions include Cypress Hills Provincial Park, the Great Sand Hills, and Scottie the Dinosaur (the largest intact Tyrannosaurus rex found in North America).
Saskatoon also has many famous attractions, such as the Remai Modern art museum on the river bank, and the city is also home to the Western Development Museum.
Manitoba
Manitoba is home to many lakes and rivers with over 14.5% of the land area covered by lakes. This offers many opportunities for outdoor recreation, hunting, fishing, boating, and some of the finest beaches in North America, including Grand Beach, Victoria Beach and Winnipeg Beach. The province is a four-season travel destination offering cross-country and downhill skiing opportunities, as well as many miles of groomed ski-doo trails. Winnipeg, the province's capital, offers every season a world class skating trail. Using the Red River and the Assiniboine River, Winnipeg has created the world's longest skating trail since 2008, including the all-time record. Churchill on the Hudson Bay is a popular attraction due to the large polar bear and beluga whale populations.
As the capital city, Winnipeg, with a population of near 815,000, offers many cultural and artistic events, museums and year-round festivals. Brandon, Manitoba is a city of 56,000. Other cities with more than 10,000 people are Steinbach, Thompson, Portage la Prairie, Selkirk and Winkler. Winnipeg has one of the best architectural settings in Canada. Half of its downtown consists of high-rise buildings from 1880 to 1920. It also has the famous Exchange District, which is known as North America's best collection of architecture wonders. Setting from 1850 to 1920 the area of 56 square blocks has kept 95% of its historical buildings. Giving the tourist setting as they are walking in what Winnipeg looked like in 1920.
Sites of interest in Winnipeg
Assiniboine Park and Zoo
Canadian Museum for Human Rights
Costume Museum of Canada
Fort Gibraltar
La Maison Gabrielle Roy
Le Musée de Saint-Boniface Museum
Dalnavert Museum
Louis Riel statue near the Manitoba legislative building. See a figure of Manitoba's leadership.
Manitoba Children's Museum
Manitoba Museum
Naval Museum of Manitoba
Royal Canadian Mint
The Exchange District
Fire Fighters Museum
Transcona Historical Museum
The Forks
Upper Fort Garry
Western Canada Aviation Museum
Winnipeg Art Gallery
Winnipeg Railway Museum
Winnipeg is also home to:
Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League
Winnipeg Jets Of the National Hockey League
Winnipeg Goldeyes of the baseball American Association
Manitoba Moose of the American Hockey League
Other sites of interest in the province
Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre in Morden
Commonwealth Air Training Plan Museum in Brandon
Lower Fort Garry in St. Andrews
Manitoba Agricultural Museum in Austin
Manitoba Amateur Radio Museum in Austin
Manitoba Antique Automobile Museum in Elkhorn
Marine Museum of Manitoba in Selkirk
Mennonite Heritage Village in Steinbach
New Iceland Heritage Museum in Gimli
Oak Hammock Marsh in Stonewall
Sam Waller Museum in The Pas
Festivals and events
Festival du Voyageur held every February in Winnipeg
Folklorama held annually every August in Winnipeg. Folklorama is the world's largest multicultural festival. It is a 17-day festival held annually in August with close to 100 different cultural pavilions performing 3–4 shows per night.
Jazz Winnipeg Festival
Red River Exhibition held annually late June in Winnipeg
Winnipeg Fringe Theatre Festival
Winnipeg International Writers Festival
Winnipeg Music Festival
Winnipeg Folk Festival
Major parks of interest
Birds Hill Provincial Park
Duck Mountain Provincial Park
Hecla Provincial Park
Riding Mountain National Park,
Spruce Woods Provincial Park, home to the Carbery Desert
Whiteshell Provincial Park
Ontario
Ontario is the most populous and second largest province in Canada. Southern Ontario is home to the nation's capital, Ottawa, and Canada's largest city, Toronto, which is the provincial capital and one of the most multicultural cities in the world. The forests and numerous lakes of central Ontario and northern Ontario also provide popular hiking and camping destinations.
Sites of interest in Ottawa
List of attractions in Ottawa
ByWard Market
Canada Agriculture Museum
Canadian War Museum
Canadian Aviation Museum
Canadian Museum of Nature
Canadian Museum of History
Canadian Museum of Science and Technology
Canadian Tire Centre
Chateau Laurier
National Art Gallery
National War Memorial (Canada)
Parliament Hill
Rideau Canal
TD Place Stadium
Sites of interest in Toronto
List of attractions in Toronto
Scotiabank Arena
Art Gallery of Ontario
Bata Shoe Museum
Casa Loma
CN Tower
Fort York
Hockey Hall of Fame
Kensington Market
Little Canada
Ontario Place
Ontario Science Centre
Queen Street West
Rogers Centre (formerly SkyDome)
Royal Ontario Museum
St. Lawrence Market
Toronto Eaton Centre
Toronto Islands
Toronto Zoo
See also: Hotels in Toronto
Other sites of interest in Ontario
List of attractions in Hamilton, Ontario
Algonquin Park
Canada's Wonderland
Ontario Tourist Routes
Fallsview Indoor Water Park, an indoor park in Niagara Falls, Ontario
Fort Henry
Niagara Falls
Niagara-on-the-Lake
Marineland
Muskoka Lakes
Kingston's Old Town
Pelee Island
Science North and Dynamic Earth in Sudbury, Ontario
Shaw Festival in Niagara-on-the-Lake
Stratford Festival
The Thousand Islands
Upper Canada Village
Quebec
Quebec, a majority francophone province, is a major tourist draw. Quebec City is a taste of old France in the new world and a UNESCO World Heritage site. Montreal, the second largest francophone city in the world, has several tourist attractions.
Sites of interest in Montreal
Olympic Stadium
Juste pour rire
Old Montreal
Festival International de Jazz de Montréal
Opéra de Montréal
Montreal Museum of Fine Arts
McCord Museum
Crescent Street
St. Lawrence Boulevard
Canadian Grand Prix
McGill University
Mount Royal
Parc Jean-Drapeau
Underground city, Montreal
Biosphère
Redpath Museum
Canadian Centre for Architecture
La Ronde
Saint Joseph's Oratory
Underground City
Sites of interest in Quebec City
Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec
Musée de la civilisation
Musée de l'Amérique française
Espace Félix Leclerc
Musée naval de Québec
Choco-Musée Erico
Musée des Ursulines de Québec
Musée du Royal 22e Régiment/La Citadelle de Québec
Musée de l'Abeille
Plains of Abraham Exhibition Centre
Parc Aquarium du Québec
Jardin zoologique du Québec
Château Frontenac
Sites of interest in Maritime Quebec
Percé Rock
Route Verte
Cross of Gaspé
Miguasha Provincial Park
Other sites of interest in Quebec
Canyon Sainte-Anne
New Brunswick
New Brunswick is renowned for its sandy beaches especially along the Northumberland Strait, which in summer has the warmest water north of Virginia.
Saint John, a large city in New Brunswick and the oldest incorporated in Canada, sits at the mouth of the Saint John River. It is steeped with history, from the Irish immigration to a great fire in the 1877. The port city has numerous Victorian houses and 18th- and 19th-century architecture in the uptown area. The Saint John port welcomes close to 80 cruise ships a year with sites including:
The Bay of Fundy
Saint John River
Partridge Island
Reversing Falls
Market Square
Saints Rest Beach
New Brunswick Museum
Saint John Jewish Historical Museum
Prince William Street
Moncton, the province's largest city and recreational centre, has the following tourist attractions:
Magnetic Hill Zoo
Magnetic Hill
Casino New Brunswick
Magic Mountain
Tidal bore, twice daily on Petitcodiac River
Fredericton, the province's capital and third largest city, is a cultural and educational centre, housing the University of New Brunswick and St. Thomas University, and is filled with neighbourhoods featuring large Victorian-style homes. Other attractions at Fredericton include:
Hopewell Rocks
Cape Enrage
Kouchibouguac National Park
Fundy National Park
New Brunswick Potato Museum
Whale watching and the Confederation Bridge to Prince Edward Island are also draws.
Prince Edward Island
Prince Edward Island is the birthplace of Lucy Maud Montgomery's character, Anne of Green Gables, and a recreation of her literary home, Green Gables Farm, serves as a museum to the character. The island is also famous around the world for its potato farms and rich red sand beaches.
Other tourists attractions in Prince Edward Island include, among others:
Victoria Row, a Victorian era street lined with restaurants, cafes and galleries, in the island's capital, Charlottetown
West Point Lighthouse, the first lighthouse built on the island, which also serves as a museum and hotel
Confederation Bridge, the longest bridge in the world crossing ice-covered water; spanning , the bridge connects the island to the rest of Canada
Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador attracts many tourists because of its icebergs and fjords. The iceberg that struck the Titanic passed by on the nearby Iceberg Alley in 1912. The island was settled by Leif Ericsson, an Icelandic sailor, in 1000 A.D. Remains of this settlement can still be found in L'Anse aux Meadows, northern Newfoundland. Other Europeans settled in 1497, headed by an expedition by John Cabot.
The province's capital, St. John's, is the oldest city in North America, founded in 1497 by John Cabot. It contains many historical locations, such as Cabot Tower, receiver of the first wireless trans-Atlantic message in 1901. Steeped in a long, proud history and home to a rich, unique culture, St. John's residents are known for their hospitality, and their city is a major travel destination in Newfoundland both domestically and for foreign travellers. In recent years, St. John's has become a popular stop for cruise ships originating from ports in Canada, the United States and Europe. The cruise industry has brought tens of thousands of tourists to the St. John's area. In the city's downtown core, George Street, renowned for its nightlife, is home to the most bars and pubs per square foot in North America.
Just outside St. John's lies Cape Spear, the most eastern point in North America. From this point, London in the UK is closer than Vancouver.
Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia is known for its lovely scenery; most renowned is the Cape Breton Highlands. The historic 18th-century Fortress Louisbourg is also a major draw.
Halifax, the provincial capital, has several major attractions, such as the Pier 21 museum, Citadel Hill, and the Public Gardens. The Halifax Metro Centre is home to numerous events both sport-related and otherwise, such as the Nova Scotia International Tattoo. Downtown Halifax is considered the prime tourism district in Halifax, with most historic attractions located here as well as the waterfront harbourwalk, a continuous stretch of boardwalk home to street vendors, entertainers, the Casino Nova Scotia, and the Maritime Museum of the Atlantic. Downtown Halifax is also the location of several major hotels.
Yukon Territory
With its history of the Klondike Gold Rush, First Nations culture and spectacular wilderness, the Yukon Territory has an extensive tourism industry, welcoming over 300,000 visitors a year. Tourist attractions include the gold rush town of Dawson City, Kluane National Park and Reserve and a number of attractions in Whitehorse and other communities. Opportunities for wilderness adventure tourism and ecotourism abound (hiking, canoeing, kayaking, skiing, dog-sledding), but the territory is also served by a well-developed road network, with most places accessible by road.
Watson Lake Sign Post Forest makes its home in Watson Lake, Yukon Territory. It was first settled by a U.S. soldier who repaired road signs and added his home sign of Illinois. Now this is home to over 77,000 different road signs.
Northwest Territories
Northwest Territories attractions include:
Aurora Borealis
Northern Life Museum
N.W.T. Mining Heritage Society
Wood Buffalo National Park
Tuktut Nogait National Park
Nahanni National Park Reserve
South Nahanni River
Canol Heritage Trail
Aulavik National Park
Coppermine River
Mackenzie River
Nunavut Territory
Nunavut is probably the most expensive of all the tourist destinations in Canada. Attractions in Nunavut include:
Auyuittuq National Park
Quttinirpaaq National Park
Sirmilik National Park
Ukkusiksalik National Park
Ovayok Territorial Park
Neighbouring countries
Canada shares the world's longest undefended border with the United States.
A marine border is shared with both Greenland (a Danish territory) and Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (a French overseas collectivity).
See also
Visa policy of Canada
Canadian Tourism Commission
List of hotels in Canada
References
External links
Canadian Tourism Commission (Official Government Website)
Canada |
Tristan and Isolde () is the title of two oil paintings by the Spanish artist Rogelio de Egusquiza. Both works are based on the opera Tristan und Isolde by the German composer Richard Wagner, whom Egusquiza idolised. The first painting, subtitled Death and also known as (The Death of Isolde), was completed in 1910 and depicts Isolde's "Liebestod", as she collapses in death upon the lifeless body of Tristan. The second painting, subtitled Life, was completed two years later and depicts the lovers embracing in the night, a scene from the second act of Wagner's opera.
The two works are part of a series of paintings by Egusquiza depicting Wagnerian subjects after he developed a fascination for Wagner's music in 1879 and met with the composer several times. From the early 1890s, he worked on various studies and etchings and exhibited some of them at the salons in France, where they were enthusiastically received. Death and Life were exhibited in Paris at the Salon of the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts in 1911 and 1912, respectively. They received mixed reviews from contemporary French critics who disagreed on whether the paintings met the high standards set by Wagner's acclaimed opera.
Background
Born in Santander, Spain, Rogelio de Egusquiza studied in Rome and Paris, including with the French academic painter Léon Bonnat. In his early career, he produced numerous cabinet paintings depicting bourgeois life. His artistic focus shifted dramatically after he attended a performance of Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen in 1879 and developed a decades-long fascination with the composer's works. His enthusiasm for what he heard led to several meetings between the two, including a September 1880 meeting in Venice where they discussed Wagner's opera Tristan und Isolde. Egusquiza frequented the annual Bayreuth Festivals in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He attended the first Bayreuth performances of Parsifal and Tristan und Isolde in 1882 and 1886 respectively, two operas that were later featured prominently in his paintings.
In 1892, he took part in the first Salon de la Rose + Croix hosted by Joséphin Péladan in Paris. Egusquiza's exhibitions included a red chalk drawing of Siegmund and Sieglinde from Die Walküre, and another of Amfortas from Parsifal. Though he had not yet painted Tristan or Isolde, his depiction of Siegmund and Sieglinde's embrace was the precursor to Tristan and Isolde (Life), which it closely resembles. Péladan later alluded to the connection in a description of Egusquiza's Salon paintings, writing: "" ("His Tristans are of an inexpressibly vertiginous splendour"). In 1896, Egusquiza produced an etching of Tristan and Isolde (Life), changing Siegmund's animal skin clothing into Tristan's knightly attire.
Egusquiza began preparing studies in chalk for the paintings in the early 1890s. He depicted Isolde as nude in the early studies and experimented with both Tristan's and Isolde's positions. An 1899 sketch of Tristan was drawn with Egusquiza's own features, and by 1901 he had established the position of the lovers' bodies in Tristan and Isolde (Death). He exhibited his works, including etchings of Tristan and Isolde, at the salons in France. They received critical acclaim, including from Péladan who wrote that Egusquiza's depictions of Der Ring des Nibelungen and Tristan und Isolde were worthy illustrations of Wagner's music. Egusquiza, however, was dissatisfied with the lack of colour in his own works, an opinion that was shared by Bonnat, his former teacher. He destroyed his early paintings and restarted several times. Tristan and Isolde (Death) was completed in 1910 and exhibited the following year at the Salon of the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, where it was presented with the title (The Death of Isolde). Tristan and Isolde (Life) was completed in 1912 and exhibited at the Salon that same year.
Composition
Tristan and Isolde (Death) depicts the lovers during the final scene in the third act of Wagner's opera, as Isolde collapses upon Tristan's body and dies.
The other figures in the scene (Mark, Brangäne, and the bodies of Kurwenal and Melot) are omitted from the painting. The sea is in the background beyond the horizon, consistent with Wagner's stage directions, and surrounding Tristan and Isolde are several types of flowers—a common element in Egusquiza's works.
He likely took inspiration from The Two Commanders (1866) by José Casado del Alisal for the placement of Isolde's proper right arm. The work borrows elements from Cephalus and Procris (1879) by João Marques de Oliveira, with similarities in the structure and lighting of the two paintings and common elements such as the landscape and a semi-nude, dead female figure. Egusquiza likely also borrowed from another painting titled Tristan and Isolde (1887) by Jean Delville for his depiction of Isolde's body.
Tristan and Isolde (Life) is based on Act II of the opera, during a scene in which Tristan and Isolde passionately reunite during the night. Wagner used the night as a metaphor for a realm in which the lovers can freely express their desire for each other and for death, in contrast to the daytime when they must hide their love, stifled by honour and shame. Egusquiza, who published a treatise in the Bayreuther Blätter on the use of lighting in Wagner's works in 1885, strove to transcribe the day/night metaphor of Tristan und Isolde in his two paintings.
Reception
A critic for Le Gaulois praised Tristan and Isolde (Death) during its 1911 exhibition at the Salon of the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, describing it as a particularly striking painting within Egusquiza's depictions of Wagner's works. Péladan also championed the painting in a review of the 1911 Salon:
, writing for Le Ménestrel, was more critical; though he applauded Egusquiza for the effort in producing the painting, he felt that it did not meet the standards of Wagner's music.
Tristan and Isolde (Life) received similarly mixed reviews from the contemporary French press the following year. A reviewer for Le Gaulois introduced the work as a continuation of Egusquiza's Wagnerian series, writing that the artist had a profound understanding of the source material. However, Le Senne criticized the painting: "" ("We return to the series of subjects with [...] the Tristan and Isolde of Mr Roger de Egusquiza, whose colour is not worth the drawing").
References
Sources
1910 paintings
1912 paintings
Arthurian paintings
Oil on canvas paintings
Paintings about death
Paintings of couples
Spanish paintings
Tristan and Iseult
Nude art |
High House is the collective name for a group of historic buildings in Purfleet, Thurrock, Essex, which was used as a farm for hundreds of years, with a Grade II listed house and barn, but with the addition of one of the best dovecotes (dove houses) in Southern England, which is a Scheduled Ancient Monument and notable for its nest box array. This property includes the house, coachman's cottage, chaise house, stable, granary, barn, workshop, cart sheds, dovecote, and inner and outer walled gardens. Known by many names in its past, the farm has been called Le Vineyards, because grape vines were grown on one of its south facing slopes. Its current name comes from the fact that it is a house high on the hill, which commands great views over the River Thames.
History
High House was originally built between 1552 and 1559 by Cecily Long to divide the Manor of West Thurrock, in Essex, equally between her two daughters. First built in timber and later replaced in brick in 1684, evidence remains of the Elizabethan timbers that are part of this early house in the fabric of the surviving 17th-century building. In fact, parts of the original panelling from the Queen Anne house were re-used in the later construction.
The house was a high-status farm, as an inventory of 1615 describes a gallery with armoury and a dining room with paintings, and the garden having a sun dial, garden benches and a statue. Architectural detail seen in the stable indicates the degree of quality, wealth and status that the occupants of the house commanded.
The dovecote, a hexagonal building used to house doves, was a sign of wealth and prosperity. It would have been used to supplement the house kitchens with dove eggs and dove meat. In near-complete condition, this building still retains the internal wooden ladder used to reach all 517 nest boxes.
During the 16th and 17th centuries, the house had cherry orchards, and grew other crops, pumpkins being the last crops to be harvested at the house in the 1950s in front of the dovecote. Caleb Grantham, who owned the chalk pits and lime works and also worked for the East India Company, left his life at sea to become director of London Assurance from 1744 to 1756 and whilst in Thurrock lived at High House.
"In 1876 West Thurrock consisted of a 'few cottages some wooden, all poor' and 'several well-to-do farms'. Of those buildings High House, west of Stonehouse Lane, also known as West Hall, or Le Vyneyard alone survives."
Development in West Thurrock, originally from the chalk industry and later from a wide variety of industries, gradually decreased the size of the land owned and farmed by High House, but it was the Purfleet bypass which signalled the end for High House as a viable farm in the traditional sense. After the bypass's construction, the farm was first converted into a private school, and later flats, until it closed and lay empty for many years.
The Royal Opera House at High House Production Park
The Royal Opera House opened the Bob and Tamar Manoukian Production Workshop, a scene-making facility for its opera and ballet productions on the High House site in December 2010. The facility was designed by Nicholas Hare Architects and has won several design awards. The specially designed production workshop has a paint-spray room, welding bays, and large scenery-painting workshops. All the productions for the Royal Opera, the Royal Ballet and Birmingham Royal Ballet are now made at High House Production Park.
The Royal Opera House Education Department has a team of staff at the Park who run community outreach and education projects focusing on the backstage and technical crafts. Before the Production Facility opened, the Education team premiered a community opera in the space in December 2010. Called 'Ludd and Isis' the opera was based on themes from local history and included professional artists and local participants.
The Bob and Tamar Manoukian Costume Centre, also designed by Nicholas Hare Architects, opened in September 2015 and provides a costume-making facility for the Royal Opera House and a training centre for students of costume-making from South Essex College. The building also houses the Royal Opera House collection of historically important costumes.
The Backstage Centre
Creative & Cultural Skills opened The Backstage Centre in October 2012, launching the building formally in March 2013 with a 'ribbon cutting' event with musician Jools Holland. The building was designed in consultation with theatre and music industry experts and provides a versatile training, rehearsal and technical space. The sound stage has a floor area of 875m2 with a height of 15m. Other spaces include technical training rooms, green room, a dance studio, music studio with adjacent band room and office accommodation.
The Backstage Centre was designed to provide teaching for students in practical skills to enable them to work in theatre, stage, events and music productions and to support Creative & Cultural Skills' National Skills Academy for Creative & Cultural programme of work with students from across the UK. Students from South Essex College took up residence at the centre on opening. A new venture to create National College Creative Industries Ltd (NCCI) culminated in a partnership with South Essex College and Access to Music in 2020.
The building was constructed by Kier Eastern who were appointed to build the facility in March 2011. The building was designed by Gibberd. The space is available for hire for industry use and has hosted TV production companies, events, training activity, conferences, live music acts and theatre.
In 2013 The Backstage Centre was Highly Commended in the British Construction Industry Awards. In 2014 The Centre won the Best Regeneration Project and was Highly Commended in the Community Benefit category in the East of England RICS (Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors) awards.
Archaeology
Early Romano-British burials were found on the site of High House Production Park. These remains were carefully excavated and preserved, with a large amount of evidence being found throughout the site indicating Romano-British, Bronze Age and Iron Age ditches with corresponding finds. Archaeologists also found evidence of pre-historic pits and post holes, indicating that a prehistoric settlement of an unknown size was on the site.
High House Production Park
High House Production Park (HHPP) is both the name of the park and of the charitable body which is responsible for running the 14-acre park following the regeneration work originally led by Thurrock Thames Gateway Development Corporation (TTGDC). It was originally chaired by Tony Hall, Baron Hall of Birkenhead and is currently chaired by Alex Beard CBE, CEO of the Royal Opera House. The site includes a collection of renovated Grade II listed farm buildings that house staff who run the Thurrock Music Hub, a renovated barn for community use and the Coach House Cafe which is open Monday - Friday during the day.
Community and artistic projects have been organised at the Park since 2009. In early 2012 artworks by five contemporary artists were exhibited within the park and gardens. The park regularly hosts events such as live screenings from the Royal Opera House, The Big Draw with the Campaign for Drawing and community activities such as pop-up festivals. The barns are a popular venue for local weddings.
Acme Studios
Acme Studios is a London-based charity, formed by artists in 1972, which supports the development of fine art practice by providing artists with affordable studio and living space.
A new development at High House Production Park began construction in 2012. The purpose-designed three-storey studio building was designed by HAT Projects and comprises 39 studios and 4 work/live units and opened in July 2013. In 2014 High House Artists' Studios won a RIBA regional award.
Artists and companies located at Acme Artists' Studios at High House Production Park include Kinetika, an internationally renowned company with an 18-year track record of combining world-class design with community projects to produce spectacular outdoor events that engage diverse audiences.
References
External links
High House Production Park website
Brief history of the Park
Creative & Cultural Skills
The Backstage Centre website
Buildings and structures in Thurrock
Purfleet
Buildings and structures completed in 1559 |
Congo Maisie is a 1940 comedy-drama film directed by H. C. Potter and starring Ann Sothern for the second time in the ten film Maisie series as showgirl Maisie Ravier.
Plot
Maisie hides aboard a West African steamer after she discovers that she cannot pay her hotel tab. She winds up in a hospital on a rubber plantation, which she must save from a native attack.
Cast
References
External links
1940 films
1940 comedy-drama films
American comedy-drama films
1940s English-language films
Films directed by H. C. Potter
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films
Films set in Belgian Congo
American black-and-white films
Films scored by Edward Ward (composer)
1940s American films
English-language comedy-drama films |
Eupogonius cyaneus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Zajciw in 1962. It is known from Brazil.
References
Eupogonius
Beetles described in 1962 |
```c
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
#include "stdlib/stats/base/dsmeanpn.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#define NAME "dsmeanpn"
#define ITERATIONS 1000000
#define REPEATS 3
#define MIN 1
#define MAX 6
/**
* Prints the TAP version.
*/
static void print_version( void ) {
printf( "TAP version 13\n" );
}
/**
* Prints the TAP summary.
*
* @param total total number of tests
* @param passing total number of passing tests
*/
static void print_summary( int total, int passing ) {
printf( "#\n" );
printf( "1..%d\n", total ); // TAP plan
printf( "# total %d\n", total );
printf( "# pass %d\n", passing );
printf( "#\n" );
printf( "# ok\n" );
}
/**
* Prints benchmarks results.
*
* @param iterations number of iterations
* @param elapsed elapsed time in seconds
*/
static void print_results( int iterations, double elapsed ) {
double rate = (double)iterations / elapsed;
printf( " ---\n" );
printf( " iterations: %d\n", iterations );
printf( " elapsed: %0.9f\n", elapsed );
printf( " rate: %0.9f\n", rate );
printf( " ...\n" );
}
/**
* Returns a clock time.
*
* @return clock time
*/
static double tic( void ) {
struct timeval now;
gettimeofday( &now, NULL );
return (double)now.tv_sec + (double)now.tv_usec/1.0e6;
}
/**
* Generates a random number on the interval [0,1).
*
* @return random number
*/
static float rand_float( void ) {
int r = rand();
return (float)r / ( (float)RAND_MAX + 1.0f );
}
/**
* Runs a benchmark.
*
* @param iterations number of iterations
* @param len array length
* @return elapsed time in seconds
*/
static double benchmark( int iterations, int len ) {
double elapsed;
float x[ len ];
double v;
double t;
int i;
for ( i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
x[ i ] = ( rand_float()*20000.0f ) - 10000.0f;
}
v = 0.0;
t = tic();
for ( i = 0; i < iterations; i++ ) {
v = stdlib_strided_dsmeanpn( len, x, 1 );
if ( v != v ) {
printf( "should not return NaN\n" );
break;
}
}
elapsed = tic() - t;
if ( v != v ) {
printf( "should not return NaN\n" );
}
return elapsed;
}
/**
* Main execution sequence.
*/
int main( void ) {
double elapsed;
int count;
int iter;
int len;
int i;
int j;
// Use the current time to seed the random number generator:
srand( time( NULL ) );
print_version();
count = 0;
for ( i = MIN; i <= MAX; i++ ) {
len = pow( 10, i );
iter = ITERATIONS / pow( 10, i-1 );
for ( j = 0; j < REPEATS; j++ ) {
count += 1;
printf( "# c::%s:len=%d\n", NAME, len );
elapsed = benchmark( iter, len );
print_results( iter, elapsed );
printf( "ok %d benchmark finished\n", count );
}
}
print_summary( count, count );
}
``` |
Brachydora is a genus of beetles in the family Buprestidae, containing the following species:
Brachydora crassa Thery, 1937
Brachydora deformis (Fairmaire, 1901)
Brachydora granulum (Fairmaire, 1902)
Brachydora monstrum Obenberger, 1923
Brachydora sicardi (Thery, 1912)
References
Buprestidae genera |
1,5-Diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctanes are organophosphorus compounds with the formula [R'NCHP(R)CH], often abbreviated PN. They are air-sensitive white solids that are soluble in organic solvents. The ligands exist as meso and d,l-diastereomers, but only the meso forms function as bidentate ligands.
Some metal-PN complexes catalyze the hydrogen evolution reaction as well as the oxidation of hydrogen (H). The catalytic mechanism involves the interaction of substrate with the amines in the second coordination sphere.
Synthesis and reactions
The ligands are prepared by the condensation of a primary phosphine, formaldehyde, and a primary amine:
2 RPH + 4 CHO + 2 RNH → [RNCHP(R')CH] + 4 HO
Diazadiphosphacyclooctanes function as chelating diphosphine ligands. Typical nickel complexes contain two such ligands are give the formula [Ni(PN)].
Cationic complexes of these PN and related ligands often exhibit enhanced reactivity toward H. These complexes serve as electrocatalysts for H production.
Related ligands
Azadiphosphacycloheptanes are a related family of diphosphines, but containing only one amine. They are prepared by condensation of 1,2-bis(phenylphosphino)ethane, formaldehyde, and a primary amine. From the meso-isomer, typical nickel complexes contain two such ligands, i.e. [Ni(PNR')]. When bound to metals, these ligands adopt a conformation similar to that of 1,4-diazacycloheptanes. Acyclic phosphine-amine ligands have the formula (RPCH)NR'.
References
Chelating agents
Diphosphines
Phosphorus heterocycles |
Joe Garcia may refer to:
Joe Garcia, American politician, attorney, and lobbyist from Florida
Joe A. Garcia, Native American leader from New Mexico
Joe G. N. Garcia, American pulmonary scientist and physician
Joey Garcia, American politician and attorney from West Virginia
Joseph Garcia, American politician and former lieutenant governor of Colorado
See also
Joseph Garcia (disambiguation) |
Od Istoka Do Zapada Tour is the ongoing first headlining concert tour by Serbian pop-folk singer Aleksandra Prijović, in support of her third studio album, Devet života (2023). The tour began on 28 September 2023, in Belgrade, Serbia, at Štark Arena. The tour was also announced to visit other major cities in other Balkan countries, such as Zagreb, Skopje, Sarajevo and Ljubljana. With Od Istoka Do Zapada Tour, Aleksandra became the first female artist to consecutively sell out three Belgrade Arenas and first artist ever to sell out four Zagreb Arenas and three Sarajevo Arenas.
Background
On 20 February 2023, Prijović announced via her social media, that she will go on her debut headlining and debut arena tour Od Istoka Do Zapada, with the first concert starting on 29 September 2023, in Belgrade at Štark Arena. The tickets for the show went on sale the same day she confirmed the tour. Three monts after annaucing of the concert in Belgrade, Prijović annauced the concerts in Sarajevo at Zetra, which will be held on 28 October, and in Zagreb at Arena Zagreb, which will be held on 1 December of the same year. On 3 July 2023, Prijović held a press conference in Belgrade, where due to high demand and fast ticket sales, she revealed the date for the second concert in the Štark Arena to be held on 30 September 2023. After only two months, Prijović sold out concert at Arena Zagreb, and scheduled a second concert in the venue for 2 December 2023. Via her Instagram, Prijović thanked her fans for the love she receives and the sold-out halls, and also annauced a third concert in Belgrade arena to be held on 28 September 2023. As she explained, the schedule in the Belgrade arena was tight and overbooked, so the only option was to schedule the third concert before the two concerts she had already scheduled. This decision angered multiple of fans who bought tickets for the concert for 29 September, so Prijović and her team allowed everyone who bought tickets for 29 September to exchange them for the 28 September. On 10 October 2023, Prijović appeared on Croatian Radiotelevision's show Kod nas doma on the occasion of four sold-out concerts at Arena Zagreb, making her the first artist ever to do so, where she announced the fifth concert at the venue.
Set list
This set list is representative of the concert on September 30, 2023. It does not represent all concerts for the duration of the tour.
"Za nas kasno je"
"Testament"
"Ja sam odlično"
"Javno mesto"
"Totalna anestezija"
"Kuća strave"
"Marš"
"Senke"
"Klizav pod"
"Ludnica" (featuring Dejan Kostić)
"Moj život" (cover by Dejan Kostić)
"Dozvola za ljubav" (cover by Dejan Kostić)
"Dam dam dam"
"Zver"
"Legitimno"
"Separe"
"Devet života"
"Placebo"
"Psiho"
"Duguješ mi dva života"
"Sve po starom"
"Litar vina, litar krvi"
"Ko si ti" (featuring Saša Matić)
"Idemo anđele" (Saša Matić)
"Lagala je grade" (Saša Matić)
"Zvuk tišine"
"Sabotiram"
"Svetlo"
"Telo"
"Prvi si počeo"
"Bogata sirotinja"
"Sledeća"
"Sačuvaj tajnu" (Duško Kuliš cover)
"Ti mene ne voliš" (Osman Hadžić cover)
"Nije mene dušo ubilo" (Goran Dimitrijadis Dima cover)
"Ružica si bila" (Bijelo Dugme cover)
"Jugoslovenka" (Lepa Brena cover; featuring Dejan Kostić)
"Ja sam odlično" (reprise)
"Dam dam dam" (reprise)
"Zvuk tišine" (reprise)
"Psiho" (reprise)
"Za nas kasno je" (chorus only; reprise)
Tour dates
References
2023 concert tours
2024 concert tours
Concert tours of Europe |
The Dragons of Pern are a fictional race created by Anne McCaffrey as an integral part of the science fiction world depicted in her Dragonriders of Pern novels.
In creating the Pern setting, McCaffrey set out to subvert the clichés associated with dragons in European folklore and in modern fantasy fiction. Pernese dragons are similar to traditional European dragons in the fact that they can breathe fire and resemble great lizards or dinosaurs with wings, but the resemblance ends there. Unlike most dragons in previous Western literature, Pernese dragons are entirely friendly to humanity. Furthermore, they are not magical at all. Instead, they are a heavily genetically modified species based on one of Pern's native life-forms, the fire-lizard.
History
In Dragonsdawn, the race was intentionally engineered to fight Thread, a deadly mycorrhizoid spore that devours all organic matter that it touches, after it first caught the human colonists on Pern unawares, with devastating results. Geneticist Kitti Ping Yung designed the dragons by manipulating the genetic code of the indigenous fire-lizards that had been acquired as pets by the colonists. The dragons were named after their resemblance to European dragons from the legends of old Earth. Later genetic manipulation by Ping's granddaughter, Wind Blossom, also resulted in the watch-whers, ungainly, nocturnal creatures who bore a slight resemblance to dragons. The later novels, set during the Third Pass, have shown the watch-whers are more useful than commonly thought in the novels set in the First Pass. On Pern, time is measured in "Turns", or years, and "Passes", which are about fifty Turns long, and occur when a planet named the "Red Star" is close enough to Pern for Thread to traverse space between the Red Star and Pern. Thread only falls during Passes. Periods between Passes, when the Red Star's orbit takes it away from Pern, are referred to as "Intervals"; usually lasting about two hundred Turns. In the novels, "Long Intervals", of about four hundred and fifty Turns, have occurred twice. These Long Intervals have led the inhabitants of Pern to believe that Thread will never return.
Physiology
Dragons are described as carnivorous, oviparous, warm-blooded creatures. Like all of Pern's native large fauna, they have six limbs – four feet and two wings. Their blood, referred to as ichor, is copper-based and green in color. Their head and general body type is described by McCaffrey as being similar in shape to those of horses. On their heads they have small headknobs, similar to those of giraffes, and no visible ears. They have multifaceted eyes that change color depending on the dragon's mood. Unlike the dragons of Terran legend, they have a smooth hide rather than scales; the texture of their skin is described as being reminiscent of suede with a spicy, sweet scent when clean. They are described as having forked tail ends with a defecation opening between the forks; however, most artistic renderings depict their tails as having spade-shaped tips. The dragons usually get from one place to another by utilizing a teleportation process known as "going between".
Kitti Ping designed the dragons to gradually increase in size with each generation until they reached pre-programmed final dimensions. The dragons of the first Hatchings were not much bigger than horses. By the Sixth Pass (1500 years later) they had reached their programmed size and remained at that size until a single isolated dragon population suffered severe inbreeding, resulting in much larger beasts. In the Ninth Pass, in which most of the novels have been set, the largest Pernese dragon on record, Ramoth, hatched. According to the novel All the Weyrs of Pern these dragons were roughly three times the size of the largest first-generation dragons. Ramoth's great size is often attributed to mutation and the genetic isolation of Benden Weyr for over 400 years (or Turns). Ramoth, at full length, was forty-five meters long. However The Dragon Lover's Guide to Pern is erroneous on this point and Anne has said herself on multiple occasions that her dragons are measured in feet not meters. Ramoth is intended by the author to be 45 feet long. As referenced in this quote from the 1979 Documentary series "Time out of Mind: episode 4 Anne McCaffrey" available on youtube. "...well you'd want to catch a parasite that just burrowed and fed on any living thing, before it hit the ground and there was your rationale for dragons. But you couldn't have small dragons you'd have to have big ones so I decided 35-40ft that seems an economical size." All the Weyrs of Pern, AIVAS, an artificial intelligence still in operation after all this time, notes that all of the primary Benden dragons, Ramoth, Mnementh and Canth, are notably larger than Kitti Ping's specified end-size of the dragon species. Newly hatched dragons are the size of very large dogs or small ponies, and reach their full size after eighteen months. Because young dragons grow so fast, their riders must regularly apply oil to their hides to prevent the skin from cracking or drying out.
Dragons, like their fire-lizard ancestors, can breathe fire by chewing a phosphine-bearing rock, called "firestone" in the novels, which reacts with an acid in a special "second stomach" organ. This forms a volatile gas that can be exhaled at will and ignites upon contact with air. The flame is used to burn Thread from the sky before it reaches the ground. However, the chewed firestone must be expelled from the body after it is used up, for the dragons cannot digest it.
Psychic abilities
Despite their relatively low intelligence, fire-lizards communicate through a form of weak telepathy. They also imprint on the first individual who feeds them after they hatch, creating a telepathic bond with them; the Pernese call this phenomenon "Impression". In creating dragons, Kitti Ping intensified the creatures' telepathy, greatly increased their intelligence, and gave them a strong instinctive drive to Impress to a human. Upon hatching, each dragonet chooses one of the humans present (usually) and Impresses to that person; from that moment on, the pair are in a constant state of telepathic contact for as long as they both live. Dragons also use telepathy to communicate with each other and with fire-lizards. They are capable of speaking telepathically to humans besides their own riders, but not all of them will do so except under unusual circumstances.
Dragons and fire-lizards can also teleport. They do this by briefly entering a hyperspace dimension known as between. Both humans and dragons experience between as an extremely cold, sensory-deprived, black void. After spending no more than eight seconds in between, the dragon or fire-lizard can re-emerge anywhere on Pern, along with any passengers or cargo they carried. This ability is explained as having evolved in fire-lizards as a defense against Thread; not only does it allow them to quickly escape from Threadfall, but the intense cold of between kills any Thread that has already burrowed into them. If a dragon attempts to teleport without a clear mental image of the place where they intend to reappear, they may simply fail to emerge from between and thus, be gone forever.
Going between allows dragons to travel through time as well as space, as long as they have a clear picture of what a particular place looked like (or will look like) at the desired time. However, the practice is highly dangerous to both dragon and rider and is severely restricted. Existing in two places at once for extended periods of time, or in close proximity, causes severe weakness and psychological disturbance for humans but not for dragons, the effects of which are discussed in several novels. In addition, while teleporting through space always takes the same amount of time, when a dragon travels through time, the amount of time they spend in between increases depending on how far away in time the destination is. Thus, traveling to remote times poses severe dangers from hypothermia and oxygen deprivation. In the first Pern novel, Dragonflight, Lessa passes out after having travelled back more than four hundred Turns.
The Dragonlover's Guide to Pern states that dragons defecate while between. This idea originated with a statement by Anne McCaffrey herself, in answer to a fan's question about the subject at a con. However, McCaffrey may have been joking when she first said this. As the idea has never been referenced in any of the Pern novels (in fact, defecation was mentioned only a few times in all of the books ever written in the Pern series), it cannot be considered definitively canonical. The Skies of Pern references the use of dragon dung as a repellent against the large felines inhabiting the southern continent.
Dragons are also capable of telekinesis, though this ability is unknown and used in an unconscious manner (to augment flight) until it is discovered as a conscious ability by the green dragon Zaranth and her rider Tai in the Thirty-first Turn of the Ninth Pass. It is speculated that the undersized wings were intentionally created in the dragons by Kitti Ping to reduce the surface area of a dragon that is exposed to possible Thread injury, and that the telekinetic abilities were intended to make up for the loss of wingsail. It is said in many books that a dragon can carry whatever it thinks it can carry. This is likely an extension of the telekinesis, mentally "lifting" the extra load. This is the most likely explanation for the great loads that dragons sometimes carry during emergencies.
Psychology
Unlike their fire-lizard ancestors, dragons are fully sentient. They communicate fluently in human language (although only telepathically), and have personalities and opinions distinct from those of their riders. However, their intelligence does seem to be somewhat lower than that of the average human. In particular, their long-term memory is severely limited.
Dragons' telepathic communication is usually limited to contact with their rider and with other dragons, however a dragon sometimes communicates well with a person with whom their rider has close emotional ties. They do understand spoken human language and occasionally reply telepathically to people whom they choose to speak.
As a safeguard against the possible damage that could be caused by such powerful creatures, Ping engineered dragons to be profoundly psychologically dependent on their riders. Any dragonet that fails to Impress to a human shortly after hatching will die. If a dragon's rider dies, the dragon immediately suicides by going between without a destination. The only exception is when the rider of a queen dragon dies while the queen is gravid; the dragon waits just long enough to lay her eggs and see them hatch before disappearing between. (Humans who lose their dragons typically commit suicide as well. However, some do survive, although the experience leaves profound psychological trauma.)
Ping also designed the dragons to be fairly calm in temperament. They never fight one another, unless two queens come into estrus at the same time. They are also not dangerous to humans except shortly after hatching, when it is common for confused and frightened dragonets to maul or even kill humans hoping to Impress.
When a dragon hatches, they announce their names to their new riders upon Impression. Pernese dragons' names always end in -th. A watch-wher's name will end in "sk".
Colors
On canon Pern, barring rare mutations, female dragons and fire-lizards are always either green or gold in color, while males are blue, brown or bronze.
Gold dragons, also called queens, are the largest dragons (40–45 feet or meters long) and the only fertile females. Gold dragons are by far the rarest dragons on Pern, at just less than one percent of the population. They are dominant over all other colors; any non-gold dragon will invariably obey a queen's orders, even against the wishes of its own rider. Queens are incapable of digesting firestone and producing flame (see below); however, they do fight Thread – they fly in the lowest wing, with their riders armed with specially-designed flamethrowers to flame any Thread missed by the wings flying above. An egg that is going to hatch a gold dragon is notable: It is gold-colored and larger than other eggs. A gold dragon will always Impress a heterosexual female and are believed by most Weyrfolk to prefer young women who were not raised in the Weyr.
Bronze dragons are the largest males (35–45 feet or meters long), although they are generally significantly smaller than the queens. Bronzes account for about five percent of all dragons. They are almost always the ones to mate with queens, as the smaller colors generally lack the stamina to chase and catch the gold dragons when they rise to mate. Due to the 5-1 bronze/gold ratio and the infrequency of gold mating flights, they often mate with greens (the losers of a gold flight almost always seek a green for their needs), but their size often puts them at a disadvantage in chasing the agile, smaller females. The senior bronze of a Weyr is determined through which bronze wins the mating flight of the senior gold. In canon Pern, the rider of a bronze dragon is always a heterosexual male.
Brown dragons are the next largest color (30–40 feet or meters long). About fifteen percent of all dragons are brown. They may occasionally mate with queens, although this is rare, and becomes even more rare as the dragons increase in size; by Ramoth's time in the Ninth Pass it is unheard of. All brown riders in the Pern novels are men; most are heterosexual, but bisexual or "masculine" homosexual brown riders are not rare.
Blue dragons are the smallest males (24–30 feet or meters long) and make up about a third (thirty percent) of all dragons on Pern. They are nearly as agile as greens, but unlike the greens, they often have enough stamina to last for an entire Threadfall. They mate only with greens, as they are simply too small to keep up with a massive queen over a long mating flight. There are few prominent blue dragons or blue riders in the books. Some assume the position of teaching the new riders after their Impression. Canon blue riders are typically homosexual or bisexual, though some are heterosexual. In interviews, McCaffrey stated that homosexual women may be able to Impress a blue dragon. In the later books written with her son, Todd McCaffrey, blue Tazith is ridden by Xhinna, the first female weyrleader and the first female rider of a blue dragon.
Green dragons are the smallest normal color (20–24 feet or meters long), and make up about half of all dragons on Pern (fifty percent). They are female, but unlike the queens, they are infertile—due to the chronic use of firestone—and can produce flame. They are extremely valuable in Threadfall because of their agility, but they lack the stamina to last an entire Fall and generally fly in two or three shifts. Originally, greens Impressed only girls; however, after various natural disasters and plagues decimated Pern's population, women were needed to help repopulate the planet. Since going between during pregnancy can induce miscarriage and because removing pregnant riders from the Wings reduced the effectiveness of the Wings, it became impractical to present large numbers of women as candidates for Impression. Thus, green dragons began Impressing homosexual boys; by the time of the end of the Second Pass, female green riders were becoming rare. By the time of Moreta in the Sixth Pass, female green riders were entirely forgotten, although greens gradually begin Impressing to women again in the Ninth Pass. Females of any sexual orientation may Impress green.
There is only one white dragon mentioned anywhere in the Pern novels: Ruth, whose rider is Lord Jaxom of Ruatha Hold. He is not an albino, as his hide contains very faint patches of all the normal dragon colors. Ruth's egg would not have hatched if Jaxom had not forced it open and released the dragonet from a thick membrane sac; thus, it seems likely that white coloration in dragons is normally a lethal mutation. Although his parents are the largest queen, Ramoth, and largest bronze, Mnementh, in the history of Pern, Ruth is smaller than even a normal green dragon in his time; he is only slightly larger than the largest dragons of the first generation. While his exact length is never specifically mentioned in the books, it does state that he stands higher than a runnerbeast (horse) at the shoulder, extrapolations suggest that he might be 18 feet or meters long. He is male or neuter (undetermined), and assumed sterile, with no urge to mate. Ruth also has the unusual ability to intuitively orient himself in time.
The larger a color is, the less common it is. For instance, there are more blues than browns, and there are more browns than bronzes. Half the dragon population is female, with green dragons being roughly fifty percent of the population and golds being one percent or slightly less.
Riding a larger color of dragon confers higher social status in Pern's extremely hierarchical society, color rankings following the dragons' own strict instinctual hierarchical organization based on fire-lizard structures. Perhaps as a result of this, it is commonly believed that the larger colors are more intelligent, although recent novels imply that this may not be true.
The Pernese believe that chewing firestone makes female dragons sterile; they therefore refuse to allow queens to use it. Greens, on the other hand, are so common that if they produced offspring it would quickly lead to overpopulation. They always chew firestone, and because of their numbers and agility they are vital to any Thread-fighting force. However, Dragonsdawn suggests that Kitti Ping—possibly motivated by old-fashioned ideas about gender roles—deliberately engineered greens to be infertile and gold dragons to be incapable of producing flame in order to protect the gold dragons, the only reproductively fertile females, from the dangers of Thread fighting.
Mating and reproduction
Mating
Both gold and green dragons experience a periodic mating urge. During a Pass a gold dragon will rise roughly once per Turn, and more often at the beginning of a Pass, yet less often towards the end of a Pass. During an Interval a gold dragon may rise to mate only once every four or five Turns. Greens will rise to mate three or four times a Turn, whether this increases or decreases depending on whether or not it is a Pass is unknown. Greens will mate with any male, usually blues or browns. As they are smaller and have less stamina, a green mating flight is much shorter than a gold one.
When a female comes into estrus, interested males compete to catch her in a mating flight. Usually, the female chooses the male who impresses her the most with his skill in the flight, although inexperienced females may be caught before making their choice. The pair actually mate in midair; thus, the higher they get during the flight, the longer their mating can last. The Pernese commonly believe that longer matings result in larger clutches. For this reason, queen riders are strongly encouraged to restrain their dragons from eating heavily just before a flight, instructing them to drink blood instead for a quick burst of energy.
Effects on rider sexuality
Due to the intense psychic bond between rider and dragon, dragonriders are overcome by the powerful emotions and sensations associated with mating flights. The riders of the mating pair engage in sex themselves, to varying degrees unaware of what they are doing. This contributes to a much looser attitude toward sexuality in general among dragonriders than in the rest of Pernese society.
For much of Pern's history, all green riders were male. During these periods, all green mating flights resulted in homosexual intercourse between the riders of the dragons involved. This homosexual intercourse is accepted in the Weyr as being separate from the rider's sexual orientation unless the rider has shown otherwise. Mating flight sex between two riders, one of whom is not the other's chosen partner (known as a weyrmate) is not considered to be "cheating". It is understood within the Weyr that sex during mating flights is not optional for the rider. Anne McCaffrey stated that "The dragon decides, the rider complies." Dragons do not usually consider the orientation of their riders when considering what female they wish to chase, or, for a female dragon, what male dragon might catch her. A primary example of this behavior is between Weyrleader T'gellan, Weyrwoman Talina, and green rider Mirrim. T'gellan and Mirrim are weyrmates, but T'gellan's bronze dragon must mate with Weyrwoman Talina's gold dragon at least yearly in order for T'gellan to maintain his position as Weyrleader. Mirrim, known to be an extremely acerbic and temperamental rider, shows no jealousy or other problem with her weyrmate's regular sexual contact with Talina.
Effects on non-rider sexuality
Both green and gold dragons broadcast their sexual feelings on a wide band during mating flights. Weyrfolk tend to become somewhat inured to this and therefore can hold their sexual reactions until an appropriate place and time. However, flights are usually not over the Weyr itself and sometimes the flight path of the mating flight brings the mating dragons over Holds or Farmholds where the average people occasionally find themselves engaged in unexpected activities. This is especially common among young teens working out in the fields who react to the sudden, unexpected and overwhelming urges with potentially embarrassing results.
Riders of the losing dragons usually seek sexual relief after the intense flight; if they do not have a chosen partner they may seek the comfort of any willing and available partner of their sexual orientation. The weyrfolk tend to happily accommodate these riders, especially if they have been affected by the flight's sexual urgency. This is one of the major reasons for the Weyr's reputation for being sexually very open.
Fandom considerations
Anne McCaffrey has stated in a number of documents and interviews that dragonets use pheromones to determine the sexual orientation of the humans to whom they Impress. According to these statements, greens Impress only to women or to "effeminate" homosexual men. Blues Impress primarily to homosexual or bisexual men with "masculine" temperaments, or possibly to masculine or lesbian women; browns similarly Impress primarily to heterosexual men, but sometimes to bisexual men. Bronzes and golds Impress exclusively to heterosexual men and heterosexual women, respectively.
However, these ideas have never been made explicit in the books (although it is clear, at least, that most male green- and blue riders are homosexual). Many members of online Pern fandom find McCaffrey's ideas about sexuality highly questionable for a number of reasons, both scientific and ethical. (Most infamously, she claimed in an interview that science has proven that being the receptive partner in anal sex triggers a hormonal change that will make a previously heterosexual man become homosexual and effeminate. Thus, she argues, even if a male green rider were originally heterosexual, he would not stay that way.) In later interviews McCaffrey claims that green dragons merely pick up on psychological clues from homosexual boys before they themselves know that they are homosexual. "A green Hatchling is unlikely to be impressed (pun intended) by a heterosexual boy." - Anne McCaffrey 1998 on The Kitchen Table BB.
Pern-based roleplaying games thus sometimes ignore McCaffrey's restrictions on who can Impress to a given color of dragon. MUDs and fanzine-based clubs often ignore everything except the basic rule that only women Impress gold and only men Impress bronze; PBEM games are more likely to accept the restrictions on sexual orientation. Most clubs post their policy on canon strictness. While some accept more liberal thoughts on color/gender/sexual orientation matches, many are very strict on this issue.
For the purposes of roleplaying games, McCaffrey has also officially allowed females (masculine lesbians) to ride browns or blues, though she insists that this could never happen on her (canon) Pern.
Also in fandom, if a rider has strong objections to sex with someone involved in a mating flight or the writer has objections to writing a homosexual encounter or object to their character being involved in a sexual encounter with a person other than their "significant other," they may sequester themselves with a more acceptable partner during the flight. This idea is called "Stand-Ins" and based on a concept McCaffrey introduced in Dragonseye/Red Star Rising, in which a female green rider objects to the idea of a specific bronze rider winning her green's mating flight. However, this concept is not seen in other books and clearly does not exist in the Ninth Pass, as several problems arise regarding green and gold riders who object to the random nature of mating flights and end up raped by the male winner of the flight (most notably in Skies of Pern).
Significance
As the primary line of defense against the Thread, dragons are a requirement for the survival and prosperity of humans and other land life on Pern. However, the great beasts require a good deal of maintenance, to the degree of requiring a large part of Pernese infrastructure—especially cattle farming—to be centered around their upkeep. This has been known to cause resentment among those doing the supporting, especially in times when Thread is not falling.
Significant Pernese Dragons
Ramoth (gold), ridden by Ninth Pass Benden Weyrwoman Lessa. Ramoth is the largest dragon in Pern's history, and together with Lessa rediscovers the lost knowledge that dragons are capable of time travel. She is described as having a beautiful mental voice in the short story The Girl Who Heard Dragons.
Mnementh (bronze), ridden by Ninth Pass Benden Weyrleader F'lar. Although significantly smaller than Ramoth, Mnementh is the largest bronze in the history of Pern. He is described as having a deep, rich mental voice.
Canth (brown), ridden by F'nor of Benden Weyr (F'lar's half-brother) during the Ninth Pass. He and F'nor make the first known attempt by the Pernese to teleport to the surface of another planet. Canth is also unusually large for his color – large enough to rival a small bronze in size – and is the first brown in centuries to attempt participation in a queen's mating flight.
Ruth (white), ridden by Lord Jaxom of Ruatha Hold, during the Ninth Pass. Ruth is the only known white dragon in Pern's history, and the only dragon to be ridden by a reigning Lord Holder. He has a much higher intelligence compared to that of many other dragons, and always knows when as well as where he is in time and space.
Orlith (gold), ridden by Sixth Pass Fort Weyrwoman Moreta, who is one of the most famous dragonriders of Pernese history. Moreta's deeds are celebrated in the well-known song "The Ballad of Moreta's Ride."
Faranth (gold), ridden by First Pass Fort Weyrwoman Sorka Hanrahan; Faranth is not the first queen to hatch, mate or lay eggs (she was actually one of the last of her clutch) but she is the first Senior Gold, ridden by the first Weyrwoman. By later Passes, her status is confused with being the first gold in existence. Although Pern has no real religious beliefs, Faranth comes to occupy ambiguous status in later Pernese culture; "by the egg of Faranth" is a common oath.
Path (green), ridden by Mirrim of Benden Weyr during the Ninth Pass. Path is the first green in several centuries to Impress to a female rider, picking Mirrim when she was not a Candidate.
Zaranth (green), ridden by Tai of Monaco Bay after the ending of the Ninth Pass. Zaranth is the first Pernese dragon to consciously use telekinesis and communicate this ability to other dragons.
Golanth (bronze), ridden by F'lessan, son of Lessa and F'lar at the end of the Ninth Pass. F'lessan and Golanth are the first to create a Weyrhold -specifically Honshū Weyrhold- where dragons and their riders can live in smaller groups once Thread no longer falls on Pern, without relying on tithes.
Notes
Further reading
Anne McCaffrey: A Critical Companion by Robin Roberts, Greenwood Press (1996)
Of Modern Dragons and Other Essays on Genre Fiction by John Lennard, Humanities-Ebooks (2008)
Dragonholder: The Life and Dreams (So Far) of Anne McCaffrey by Todd McCaffrey, Open Road Media (2014)
The Dragonlover's Guide to Pern by Jody Lynn Nye, Random House (1997)
Magill's Guide to Science Fiction and Fantasy Literature: The absolute at large ed by T.A. Schippey, Salem Press (1996)
Dragons of Fantasy: The Scaly Villains & Heroes of Tolkien, Rowling, Mccaffrey, Pratchett & Other Fantasy Greats! by Anne C. Petty, Cold Spring Press (2004)
References
External links
—one of McCaffrey's best-known statements regarding dragon and rider sexuality.
An Interview with Anne McCaffrey—among other topics, McCaffrey explains her beliefs about homosexuality.
Dragonriders of Pern
Fictional dragons
Fictional lizards
Fictional extraterrestrial life forms
Genetic engineering in fiction
Sexuality in science fiction |
Mangualde, Mesquitela e Cunha Alta is a civil parish in the municipality of Mangualde, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Mangualde, Mesquitela and Cunha Alta. The population in 2011 was 10,407, in an area of 46.25 km2.
References
Freguesias of Mangualde |
Chingyaung is a village in Kalewa Township, Kale District, in the Sagaing Region of western Burma.
References
External links
Maplandia World Gazetteer
Populated places in Kale District
Kalewa Township |
Moaksan is a mountain of Jeollabuk-do, western South Korea. It has an elevation of 793 metres.
References
Mountains of South Korea
Mountains of North Jeolla Province |
Doctor at Sea is a 1955 British comedy film, directed by Ralph Thomas, produced by Betty E. Box, and based on Richard Gordon's 1953 novel of the same name. This was the second of seven films in the Doctor series, following the hugely popular Doctor in the House from the previous year. Once again, Richard Gordon participated in the screenwriting, together with Nicholas Phipps and Jack Davies, and once again Dirk Bogarde played the lead character Dr Simon Sparrow. The cast also includes James Robertson Justice and Joan Sims from the first film, but this time playing different characters. This was Brigitte Bardot's first English-speaking film.
Plot
To escape his employers' daughter, who has amorous designs on him, Dr. Simon Sparrow (Bogarde) signs on as medical officer on a cargo ship, the SS Lotus. The ship is commanded by the hot-tempered and authoritarian Captain Wentworth Hogg.
Sparrow overcomes initial seasickness and settles into life on board. After arriving in a Brazilian port (a local woman demands two hundred cruzeiros from Sparrow), he meets Hélène Colbert (Bardot), a young French woman who is a nightclub singer.
Captain Hogg is ordered to take on two female passengers, Muriel Mallet (De Banzie), the daughter of the chairman of the shipping company, and her friend Hélène for the return trip. The unmarried Hogg is pursued by Muriel, who, having her father's ear, promises him almost certain promotion to the rank of commodore within the company if he were to marry her.
Romance blossoms between Sparrow and Hélène, but she declines his tentative marriage proposal. However, as they reach home port, Sparrow finds out that she has received a telegram offering her a job in Rio de Janeiro, which he had told her is the destination for his ship on its next trip. The film ends as they embrace and kiss.
Main cast
Dirk Bogarde as Dr. Simon Sparrow
James Robertson Justice as Captain Hogg
Brenda De Banzie as Muriel Mallet
Brigitte Bardot as Hélène Colbert
Maurice Denham as Steward Easter
Michael Medwin as Third Officer Trail
Hubert Gregg as Second Officer Archer
James Kenney as Fellowes
Raymond Huntley as Capt. Beamish
Geoffrey Keen as Chief Officer Hornbeam
George Coulouris as Ship's Carpenter
Noel Purcell as Corbie
Jill Adams as Jill
Joan Sims as Wendy
Cyril Chamberlain as Whimble
Toke Townley as Jenkins
Thomas Heathcote as Wilson
Eugene Deckers as Chief of Police
Michael Shepley as Jill's father
Felix Felton as Dr George Thomas
Reception
The film was the third most popular movie at the British box office in 1955, after The Dam Busters and White Christmas.
Thomas claimed in 1956 that it made half a million pounds profit.
Critical
Variety accused Rank studios of playing safe, writing that "Doctor at Sea does not rise to the same laugh-provoking heights as its predecessor". The Radio Times also found it "short on truly comic incident, and the shipboard location is limiting", but Allmovie wrote, "Often funnier than its predecessor, Doctor at Sea proved the viability of the "Doctor" series."
Awards
Nominated, 1956 BAFTA Film Award, Best British Screenplay, Nicholas Phipps and Jack Davies.
Sequels
This was the second installment of the Doctor series of films, with Bogarde featuring in the first three.
References
External links
Doctor at Sea at Britmovie
1955 films
1955 comedy films
British comedy films
Doctor in the House
Films directed by Ralph Thomas
Films shot at Pinewood Studios
Seafaring films
British sequel films
Films produced by Betty Box
Films based on British novels
1950s English-language films
1950s British films |
Kototsubaki Katsuyuki (born 6 December 1960 as Katsuyuki Tokashiki) is a former sumo wrestler from Naha, Okinawa, Japan. He made his professional debut in March 1976, and reached the top division in January 1991. His highest rank was maegashira 3. His favourite techniques were tsuki/oshi (pushing and thrusting). He retired in March 1995, and became an elder in the Japan Sumo Association under the name Shiratama. He joined the Sumo Association's special executive group, below the 10 directors and 3 deputy directors, on 30 March 2022.
Career record
See also
Glossary of sumo terms
List of past sumo wrestlers
List of sumo elders
References
1960 births
Living people
Japanese sumo wrestlers
Sumo people from Okinawa Prefecture
People from Naha |
Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith is an action video game based on the movie of the same name. It was released on May 4, 2005, for the PlayStation 2, Xbox, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, and Symbian OS. For the Xbox 360's backwards compatible lineup, Revenge of the Sith is one out of the 400+ backwards compatible games for the 360. As part of the PlayStation 2 classics program, the PlayStation 2 version was re-released in Europe on the PlayStation Network on February 11, 2015, and in North America on April 28, 2015. Meanwhile, the Xbox version was also added to the backwards compatibility list for the Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S on November 15, 2021.
Gameplay
Consoles
In single-player mode, the player alternates between playing as Anakin Skywalker and Obi-Wan Kenobi, reliving various scenes from the film throughout the game's missions. There are 17 levels, interlaced with over 12 minutes of footage from the film as cutscenes. The game's combat system is heavily concentrated on lightsaber combat. Each of the playable characters (with the exception of the MagnaGuard) is equipped with at least one lightsaber. There are three basic attacks: fast attacks which do the least amount of damage, strong attacks which do more damage but are slower to execute, and slow but incredibly strong critical attacks. These attacks can be mixed to create combination attacks. Attacks can also be charged up for greater strength. One feature of the game is called a Saber Lock - a sequence in which the player's character clashes sabers with an opponent and must overpower them to avoid losing health.
The game features an experience system, whereby the player's character can upgrade attacks and gain new ones as they progress through the game. Each ability, with the exception of the Force Dash, can be upgraded to more powerful levels. In addition to offensive techniques, defensive techniques are also available. The player's character automatically deflects a percentage of blaster bolts, but other shots and attacks must be manually deflected. Aside from saber combat and force powers, each character has a number of physical attacks that can be incorporated into combos. Nearly all characters have a kick which can instantly floor opponents. A number of characters also have the ability to punch their opponents. The game environment is interactive, allowing, and in some cases requiring, the player to execute actions such as moving and destroying objects with the lightsaber or force powers.
The PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions of the game feature a multiplayer duel mode, in which two players face off against each other in a lightsaber battle. Players can choose Obi-Wan Kenobi, Anakin Skywalker, Count Dooku, General Grievous, Mace Windu, Cin Drallig or Jedi Padawan Serra Keto. Darth Vader and "Ben Kenobi", circa Episode IV, can also be unlocked. Each battle can be won with the best of one, three or five rounds, depending on the options chosen. In addition, all characters have equal health and energy, with all status upgrades acquired by Anakin and Obi-Wan in the single-player mode eliminated. However, all of the upgraded techniques and Force Powers are available and each of the other characters has special abilities and maneuvers. In addition to the original costumes found throughout the single-player campaign, each character has a different costume that is used when both players choose the same character. Some of these costumes depict Sith versions of certain Jedi characters.
With the successful completion of certain missions in the single-player campaign, bonus scenarios can be unlocked. Each scenario features a different playable character: the MagnaGuard, General Grievous, Yoda, Anakin, or Darth Vader. In addition, there are four cooperative missions in which two players (or one player and a computer-controlled character) work together to defeat enemies. The first three team up Anakin and Obi-Wan for a number of offensive encounters with the Separatists' droid army, while the fourth has Jedi Master Cin Drallig and his favorite student, Serra Keto, teaming up to defeat the clone squadron bent on destroying the Jedi Temple in accordance with Order 66.
Handhelds
The handheld versions of the game are played as a 2.5D side-scrolling beat 'em up game, where players can freely choose to play as either Obi-Wan or Anakin, traversing across roughly a dozen levels to battle a variety of enemies and occasionally dodge deadly hazards, such as a laser trap or a missile launcher. Both characters have nearly identical attack moves, and can gain access to special unlockable moves that can be unleashed when a "fury" or "focus" gauge is filled up during battle. A few levels involve boss battles against characters with melee weapons, who usually can only be damaged after the player carefully recognizes and blocks an attack, and some other levels end with a miniboss fight against a vehicle or elite enemy. The Nintendo DS version also exclusively adds extra 3D space battle levels that require the player to shoot down a series of targets or enemies.
As with the PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions, players are given a chance to upgrade their character's attacks and abilities, unlock new abilities and improve their stats after completing a level. Players purchase upgrades with "customization points", which are found during a level, collected from destroying small portions of the scenery or earned by finishing the level at a quicker pace or with good combat efficiency. Players must deflect all blaster bolts manually by pressing a button, while well-timed presses can allow the player to deflect them straight back.
The Game Boy Advance version of the game allows two players to link up and participate in exclusive co-op missions as Anakin and Obi-Wan across three planets featured in Genndy Tartakovsky's Star Wars: Clone Wars 2003 microseries (Dantooine, Muunilinst and Yavin 4), or have the two of them fight off endless waves of enemies and see who can survive the longest. The Nintendo DS version exclusively features 3D multiplayer space battles that take advantage of the DS' graphical capabilities and allow players to pilot and battle with iconic vehicles from both the prequel and original eras of Star Wars, such as the Millennium Falcon.
Plot
Anakin Skywalker and Obi-Wan Kenobi arrive on board the Invisible Hand, the Separatist flagship of General Grievous, who has kidnapped Supreme Chancellor Palpatine above Coruscant. After battling droids in the main hangar bay and while ascending the elevators, the duo arrive at the general's quarters, where Palpatine is being held. However, the two are then confronted by Grievous' master Count Dooku and in the ensuing duel, Obi-Wan is knocked out and Anakin, in violation of Jedi teachings, brutally kills Dooku by running him through with his lightsaber. The pair then escape with Palpatine but are recaptured and brought before Grievous on the ship's bridge. They escape as the badly damaged ship capsizes in orbit and fight off Grievous' bodyguards while the general escapes. Anakin manages to save everyone by crashing the ship on Coruscant.
Obi-Wan journeys to Utapau in search of Grievous and confronts him after he dispatches the Separatist council to the planet of Mustafar for safety. Obi-Wan then duels Grievous as Republic Army clones invade and battle the droids. Grievous reaches the launch platform where his ship is situated, but Obi-Wan impales and kills him. Meanwhile, on Coruscant, Anakin discovers Jedi Master Mace Windu preparing to execute Palpatine, who is revealed to be the Sith lord Darth Sidious, in his office. Anakin, who believes Palpatine can help him, intervenes and duels Windu, who attempts to fight off Anakin before returning to finish off the chancellor. Anakin stabs him and throws him out a window to his death; Anakin then pledges himself to the Sith. Palpatine dubs him "Darth Vader", and orders him to wipe out all of the Jedi in the Jedi Temple. Vader and an army of clone troopers make their way to the Temple, where he kills librarian Jocasta Nu, initiating the massacre. While the clones mop up the survivors, Vader confronts Serra Keto and crushes her with a pillar. He is then confronted by her master, Cin Drallig, whom he also duels. The two wind up outside of the temple, where Vader impales Drallig through the chest.
Across the galaxy, the clones, following orders from Palpatine, turn on their Jedi generals and murder them. Obi-Wan manages to escape from Utapau after being relentlessly hunted by both the droids and his own soldiers. Palpatine orders Vader to go to Mustafar and wipe out the Separatist leaders. After brutally cutting down their Neimoidian guards, Vader forces his way into the council chambers, killing Poggle the Lesser, Wat Tambor, and two others as Viceroy Nute Gunray flees for his life. Vader cuts down Gunray's lieutenant Rune Haako, and then catches Gunray trying to escape on his ship, which he destroys and tosses into the planet's lava. Meanwhile, on Coruscant, Obi-Wan and Master Yoda raid the ruins of the Jedi Temple, clearing it of clone soldiers and deactivating a beacon left by them as a trap for other Jedi. Desperate to know who was responsible, Obi-Wan discovers security recordings of Anakin becoming a Sith lord. The recording also reveal Vader's location, so Obi-Wan heads to Mustafar to confront him.
The two former friends engage in a ferocious lightsaber duel across the Mustafar facility, which is slowly being destroyed by lava. The two end up on a platform floating down a lava river; Obi-Wan jumps off and demands that his fallen apprentice surrender. An enraged Vader leaps over him, allowing Obi-Wan to cut off his legs and left arm. Vader slides towards the lava and catches on fire; Obi-Wan picks up his fallen lightsaber and leaves him for dead. Palpatine arrives and finds Vader badly injured, but still alive; he has him surgically reconstructed and builds him a special suit. The two oversee the construction of the Death Star as the Republic falls and the Empire is born.
In a break from the film's plot, the PS2 and Xbox versions also feature an alternate ending. In the final level, during the battle between Vader and Obi-Wan, the player is given the opportunity to play Vader, and must defeat Obi-Wan. In this ending, Vader's ill-fated jump is successful and he kills Obi-Wan before kicking his body close to the edge of the lava river. After killing his former master, Vader returns to Emperor Palpatine and obtains a new, red Sith lightsaber. As the Emperor congratulates him, Vader murders him and takes his place, having been thoroughly corrupted by his new power. This ending is not present in the GBA and DS versions, and the player is instead given the canonical narrative of Vader losing his duel against Obi-Wan and revived by Palpatine in a mechanical suit.
Development
The game was aided in development by Nick Gillard, the stunt coordinator and lightsaber fight choreographer for the prequel trilogy films, who consulted on the game's lightsaber combat. In addition, lightsaber expert Cin Drallig, a character portrayed by Gillard, appears in the game as a boss and as a playable character, albeit with a different voice actor. Hayden Christensen also consulted on lightsaber combat and the character of Anakin despite not officially reprising his role in the game.
The game utilized many of the cast members of the 2003 animated series Star Wars: Clone Wars. Additionally, stock footage of the actors from the films appeared in many of the game's cinematics. Alethea McGrath reprised her role as Jocasta Nu from Attack of the Clones. She and Matthew Wood were the only actors from the films to do so. All other voice actors have either before or since provided voice work in the Star Wars universe. James Arnold Taylor, who later voices Obi-Wan Kenobi in the 2008 Star Wars: The Clone Wars series, provides the voice of Obi-Wan. Mat Lucas provides the voice of Anakin Skywalker, having also doubled for Christensen in the 2002 Star Wars: Clone Wars video game and Star Wars: Battlefront II as well as in the 2003 Clone Wars series. Voice actor Corey Burton, primary talent for the animated version of Count Dooku, voices various minor characters as well as Dooku himself. General Grievous is voiced by Matthew Wood, who also provided his voice in the game's film counterpart and the 2008 Clone Wars series. Terrence C. Carson voices Mace Windu and Nick Jameson voices Chancellor Palpatine/Darth Sidious and "Ben" Kenobi. Scott Lawrence, best known for his role as Sturgis Turner on the CBS series JAG, provides the voice for Darth Vader. Yoda and Cin Drallig are both voiced by Tom Kane, who also provides additional voices. Finally, Serra Keto is voiced by Kari Wahlgren. A mobile port for phones running Symbian OS was released on April 2, 2005.
Reception
The game received mixed reviews upon release. GameRankings and Metacritic gave it a score of 71.85% and 73 out of 100 for the DS version; 71.41% and 73 out of 100 for the Game Boy Advance version; 65.85% and 61 out of 100 for the Xbox version; and 64.53% and 60 out of 100 for the PlayStation 2 version.
Ivan Sullic of IGN rated the PS2 and Xbox versions 4.5 out of ten. He criticised the camera, the combo-system, the graphics, level design, AI and, most specifically, the implementation of the combat-based gameplay. GameSpy gave the game a better review, awarding the same versions 4 out of 5. GameSpot also rated the same versions of the game 6.3 out of 10.
Maxim gave the PS2 and Xbox versions a score of eight out of ten and stated that "Like the movie itself, the game's surprisingly good and full of decent action as you use Jedi skills in a barrage of lightsaber battles to win one for good or evil." However, Detroit Free Press gave the latter version a score of two stars out of four and said that "Flawed gameplay that borders on monotonous is this game's menace. While the lightsaber fighting scheme is actually fairly deep, especially when you mix in grapple attacks, force tricks and counterattacks on top of counterattacks, I rarely used most of these goodies." The Sydney Morning Herald also gave the former version a score of two-and-a-half stars out of five and stated that "the offensive moves cannot stop the game from feeling repetitive. Shield door "puzzles" are recycled, while brief turret-blasting interludes are dull."
The PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions of Revenge of the Sith received a "Platinum" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), indicating sales of at least 400,000 copies in PAL regions.
In the United States, the game sold 2.01 million units by 2006.
References
Sources
External links
Space opera video games
2005 video games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation Network games
Xbox games
Nintendo DS games
Game Boy Advance games
Symbian games
3D beat 'em ups
Hack and slash games
Star Wars video games
Video games developed in Canada
Video games developed in the United States
Video games scored by Ellen Meijers
Video game prequels
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Manono II (died 1819) was a Hawaiian chiefess and member of the royal family during the Kingdom of Hawaii. She along with her second husband Keaoua Kekuaokalani died fighting for the Hawaiian religion after Kamehameha II abolished the kapu system.
Biography
Manono's father was Kekuamanoha, and her mother was Kalola-a-Kumukoʻa, the wife of Kamehameha before his victory at the Battle of Mokuʻōhai. Through her father she was a granddaughter of Kekaulike, the King or Moʻi of Maui. From her mother's side, she was the great-granddaughter of King Keaweʻīkekahialiʻiokamoku of Hawaiʻi.
Her half-siblings from her father's first marriage were Kalanimoku, Boki, and Wahinepio. She was the cousin of Kaʻahumanu, Kalākua Kaheiheimālie, and Namahana Piʻia, Kuakini, Governor of Hawaiʻi; and Keʻeaumoku II.
Around 1809, while still in her youth, Manono was chosen along with her cousin Kekāuluohi by Kamehameha I "to warm his old age" thus becoming the old king's last two wives.
The two young chiefesses were deemed his wahine pālama, a term that denote their special status and rank which required them to live in a sacred enclosure of lama wood.
"Lama" was the Hawaiian name for endemic ebony trees of genus Diospyros sandwicensis that were used in religious ceremonies.
Oral tradition attested that Kamehameha's last child, a daughter named Kapapauai, was born from one of his wahine pālama, either Manono's or Kekāuluohi's.
She would later marry High Chief Keaoua Kekuaokalani, a nephew of the Kamehameha I. Kekuaokalani's maternal grandmother was her namesake Manono I, a daughter of Alapainui and Kamakaimoku. Kekuaokalani inherited the guardianship of the Hawaiian god of war, Kūkaʻilimoku after Kamehameha's death.
After Kamehameha I's death, on May 8, 1819, Liholiho succeeded as King Kamehameha II. Influenced by powerful female chiefs such as Kaʻahumanu and his mother Keōpūolani, the young king abolished the kapu system that had governed life Hawaiian society for centuries. Henceforth, men and women could eat together, women could eat formerly forbidden foods, and official worship at the stone platform temples, or heiaus, was discontinued. This event is called the ʻAi Noa, or free eating.
In response to Liholiho's actions, Kekuaokalani put himself forward as the defender of the kapu system and old religion, amassing a formidable force in the village of Kaʻawaloa. All attempts of reconciliation failed between the two royal cousins and war broke out between Kekuaokalani and the royal forces led by Manono's half-brother Kalanimoku. Fighting alongside her husband in the Battle of Kuamoʻo, they both perished in defense of the kapu system.
Visiting Kuamoʻo a few years afterward, British missionary William Ellis of the London Missionary Society chronicled the native accounts of the battle and the death of Kekuaokalani and Manono on Ellis' tour of the island of Hawaii:
The small tumuli increased in number as we passed along, until we came to a place called Tuamoo. Here Kekuaokalani made his last stand, rallied his flying forces, and seemed, for a moment, to turn the scale of victory; but being weak with the loss of blood, from a wound he had received in the early part of the engagement, he fainted and fell. However, he soon revived, and, though unable to stand, sat on a fragment of lava, and twice loaded and fired his musket on the advancing party. He now received a ball in his left breast, and immediately covering his face with his feather cloak, expired in the midst of his friends. His wife Manono during the whole of the day fought by his side with steady and dauntless courage. A few moments after her husband's death, perceiving Karaimoku and his sister advancing, she called out for quarter; but the words had hardly escaped from her lips, when she received a ball in her left temple, fell upon the lifeless body of her husband, and instantly expired. The idolaters having lost their chief, made but feeble resistance afterwards; yet the combat, which commenced in the forenoon, continued till near sunset, when the king's troops, finding their enemies had all either fled or surrendered, returned to Kairua.
References
Bibliography
Year of birth missing
1819 deaths
Hawaiian royal consorts
House of Keliimaikai
Women in war in Oceania
Royalty of the Hawaiian Kingdom
Hawaiian military personnel
Military personnel killed in action
Deaths by firearm in Hawaii
Women in 19th-century warfare |
Delalah South is a remote civil Parish, of the County of Delalah a cadasteral division of New South Wales.
Geography
The Parish is located at 29°22′24″S 143°07′01″E.
The topography of the parish is the flat and arid with a Köppen climate classification of BWh (Hot semi arid).
The economy in the parish is based on broad acre agriculture, mainly Cattle, and some sheep. There are no towns in the parish and the nearest settlement is Tibooburra, New South Wales.
History
The parish is on the traditional land of the Karrengappa people. The first Europeans through the area were Burke and Wills and in the 1890s was included in the Albert Goldfields.
References
Parishes of Delalah County |
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