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Carthage Film Festival (Journées cinématographiques de Carthage, or JCC) is an annual film festival that takes place in Tunis and was founded in 1966. It is also called by its abbreviation JCC, from its French name, , or by its Arabic title, (Cinema Days of Carthage). Initially biennial alternating with the Carthage Theatre Festival, the festival became an annual event in 2014. A directing committee chaired by the Tunisian Ministry of Culture, joined with professionals of the cinema industry, is in charge of the organization.
The Carthage Film Festival has been designed as a film festival engaged in the cause of African and Arab countries and enhancing Global South cinema in general.
The main prize awarded is the Golden Tanit named after the Carthaginian goddess Tanit. Opening and closing ceremonies are held in the Théâtre municipal de Tunis (Municipal Theater of Tunis).
The Festival's current executive director is Sonia Chamkhi.
The Festival's 33d edition is taking place 29 October through 5 November 2022.
History
Conceived by filmmaker Tahar Cheriaa and officially launched in 1966 by the Tunisian Minister of Culture, Chedli Klibi, this event, the first of its kind in the Arab world, was primarily conceived to highlight sub-Saharan African and Arab cinema, creating bridges of dialogue between North and South and offering a meeting between regional filmmakers and moviegoers.
Klibi said:
Numerous prominent African and Arab filmmakers have first been recognized at Carthage before going on to receive broader recognition, including the Senegalese Sembene Ousmane (Grand Prize 1966) Egyptian Youssef Chahine (Grand Prize 1970), Malian Souleymane Cissé (Grand Prize 1982), the Palestinian Michel Khleifi (Grand Prize 1988), Tunisians Taïeb Louhichi (1st Tunisian Golden Tanit for short film 1972) Nouri Bouzid, Ferid Boughedir, and Moufida Tlatli (Grand Prize 1986, 1990, 1994), the Syrian Mohammad Malas (Grand Prize 1992) and Algerian Merzak Allouache (Grand Prize 1996).
The festival's social dimension is reflected in several GoldenTanit award-winning films such as the Making Of (2006) by Nouri Bouzid, featuring Bahta, a 25-year-old unemployed amateur break dancer recruited by extremists to commit a suicide attack.
It was at the Carthage Film Festival that FEPACI (Pan-African Federation of Filmmakers) was created in 1970, developing a foundation for South-South film cooperation.
Over the years the Carthage Film Festival has introduced workshops, master classes, and the Producer's Network to better support filmmakers. Prominent figures from the arts have served as jurors in various official competitions.
Program and Awards
The official program includes several sections: the "Official Competition" and the "Panorama section" which are open to Arab and African films; the "International section" which is open to recent movies of high artistic quality; a "Tribute section" and "Workshop Projects" designed to encourage the development of Arab and African films projects by granting "help funds for scenario" and a competitive video section.
The official Selection
The various sections of the Official Competition of the Carthage Film Festival each present 12 films.
The official competition for feature films:
This selection with three Tanit (Gold, Silver, Bronze) is the most visible part of the Carthage Film Festival and is the heart of the official selection. Twelve Arab and African films reflect the renewal of cinematographic expression and present original works singular in their aesthetic and their statements.
The official short film competition:
As well as the competition dedicated to feature films, this selection allows the dedication of three Arab and African fiction short format films (less than 30 minutes).
The documentary competition
A Golden Tanit awards the best documentary among twelve Arab and African films. The Prize Tahar Cheriaa for a first work: The Golden Tanit "Tahar Cheriaa" awards the first work of a filmmaker presented in the official selection: official Competition, competition of the first Arab and African film.
Carthage Ciné-Foundation:
This international selection of twelve school films embodies the diversity of young artists and announces the trends of the future of world cinema. A film will be awarded by an international jury.
Parallel sections
New Territories
This program aims to be a window on recent suggested films, the most innovative and subversive, the most radical and marginal, in a word, on new aesthetic and political experiences, far from any commercial format, media, or festival. It seeks to submit the continually renewed ability of cinema to house within it both the issues of its time, the questions of those who make it and their contemporaries as well as the shifting of its artistic, formal, and technological expression.
Tribute
Each edition pays tribute to a Tunisian filmmaker and several international filmmakers offering the public a retrospective of their films or debate meetings inspired by their careers.
Carthage professional
Takmil
The Takmil workshop, namely "finish" in Arabic, which is in its second edition, aims to allow African and Arab films in the post-production phase to be evaluated by an international jury of cinema professionals. For three days, working copies are viewed by the jury in the presence of the filmmakers whose films have been selected. Screenings will be followed by a discussion allowing each participant to defend his film and benefit from expertise.
The workshop Takmil also aims to be a platform offering visibility to young African and Arab filmmaking. The visibility will result in particular by the screening of the winning films, an African and Arab premiere during the Carthage Film Festival session following their finishing.
Producers Network
The Producers Network hosts Arab and African producers present at the Carthage Film Festival and allows international film professionals to benefit from a series of meetings and specific events designed to encourage international co-production and optimize networking.
With a 48-hour program, the Producers Network offers real opportunities to meet with potential partners with financing, co-production, and distribution needs.
The Carthage Film Festival in regions
Since the 2014 session, the Carthage Film Festival has moved between different Tunisian cities. In 2015 ten cities hosted the festival: Jendouba, Sfax, Mahdia, Tataouine, Nabeul, Béja, Kef, Kairouan, Gafsa and Monastir. The films are divided into three main sections:
The films of the official selection: these films are screened in the evening during the festival period in each host city.
European films: In partnership with the Journées du Cinéma Européen, a selection of European films are screened daily in different cities.
In partnership with UNICEF two children's movies are screened in each city.
Editions
References
External links
Carthage Film Festival official site
1966 establishments in Tunisia
Film festivals established in 1966
Film festivals in Tunisia
Events in Tunis |
Vagabonds is the first solo album by American singer/songwriter and Jayhawks member Gary Louris, released in 2008.
Reception
Writing for Allmusic, critic Mark Deming praised the album, writing "Vagabonds manages to sound grand and organic at once, with the arrangements and production capturing a sense of the wide open spaces of Hollywood Town Hall and Rainy Day Music, especially on the beautifully heart-tugging "She Only Calls Me on Sundays," while also encompassing the more ambitious melodic conceits of Smile and Sound of Lies on tracks like "Black Grass" and "Omaha Nights." ... the result is an album that sounds full-bodied but natural and uncluttered, and gives Louris' fine songs plenty of room to reveal their virtues. Anyone who has followed the Jayhawks' career knows that Gary Louris is a major talent, and Vagabonds demonstrates he's still capable of making remarkable music outside the framework of the band."
Track listing
All songs written by Gary Louris
"True Blue" – 5:02
"Omaha Nights" – 4:04
"To Die a Happy Man – 4:34
"She Only Calls Me on Sundays" – 3:19
"We'll Get By" – 4:29
"Black Grass" – 5:14
"I Wanna Get High" – 3:55
"Vagabonds" – 5:27
"D.C. Blues" – 4:15
"Meandering" – 3:18
amazon.com Bonus Tracks
"Baby Let Me Take Care Of You" – 4:54
"Fall Day [Demo]" – 3:35
iTunes Bonus Tracks
"Three Too Many" – 2:58
"Working Girl [Demo]" – 3:10
Personnel
Gary Louris – vocals, guitar
Jonathan Wilson – organ, guitar, banjo, bass, vocals
Joshua Grange – pedal steel guitar
Otto Hauser – drums, percussion
Adam MacDougall – keyboards
Susanna Hoffs – choir
Jenny Lewis – choir
Chris Robinson – choir
Andy Cabic – choir
Technical personnel
Chris Robinson– producer
Thom Monahan – engineer
Ken Sluiter – assistant engineer
Jim Scott – mixing
Kevin Dean – mixing
Richard Dodd – mastering
Jeri Heiden – art direction, design
Darren Ankenman – photography
Chart positions
References
External links
Alone together again NoDepression magazine interview.
2008 albums
Rykodisc albums
Albums produced by Chris Robinson (singer)
Gary Louris albums |
Murex salomonensis is a species of large predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the rock snails or murex snails.
References
Murex |
The Burning Hour is the debut album from California indie rock band Test Your Reflex. It was released on April 24, 2007 on RCA Records. It peaked at No. 46 on Billboards Top Heatseekers chart (week of May 12, 2007).
Track listing
I'm Not Sorry (5:09)
Pieces of the Sun (3:45)
Thinking of You (3:37)
New Year (3:53)
I Am Alive (5:11)
Black Hearts (3:17)
Do We Belong (4:36)
I Won't Follow (4:29)
This Year (If We Fall in Love) (3:47)
I Know You're Lonely (4:26)
Painted Red (7:04)
Quotes Making of"We wrote for two years before we went into the studio, and we were really inspired by records that sounded big. We started out listening to a lot of danceable stuff, but we'd always go back to U2's Joshua Tree and Peter Gabriel's So -- two albums that are just rock solid from beginning to end and that just go for it. Because of that, we didn't shy away from big choruses or big production -- we wanted every song to be a journey." - Ryan Levine (The Official Homepage of RCA Records )Album Review'''
CMJ (p. 43) - "Embracing the playful pity and sultry tenderness of iconic Cure, this SoCal combo produces consistently invigorating tracks..."
Videos Pieces of the Sun'' (YouTube)
Charts
References
2007 debut albums
RCA Records albums |
2x45 is the fourth studio album by English band Cabaret Voltaire. It was released in May 1982 through Rough Trade. This was the last studio album by the band to feature founding member Chris Watson, who had departed during its recording.
Background
The title comes from the album's original format of two 45 RPM 12" discs.
Sides A and B were recorded at Western Works, Sheffield in October 1981, while Sides C and D were recorded at Pluto Studios, Manchester in February 1982, after Watson's departure to join ITV Tyne Tees.
The track "Yashar" was later remixed as a dance record by John Robie and released as a single.
Critical reception
Trouser Press found 2x45 to be a "temporary letdown" following their previous release, Red Mecca, but went on to say: "Much has been said and written about an industrial, modern-age music; Cabaret Voltaire is the only group doing it... They make perhaps the most important pop music of our time."
Track listing
Personnel
Cabaret Voltaire
Stephen Mallinder – bass guitar, vocals, percussion on "Breathe Deep", "Yashar" and "Protection", tape on "War of Nerves (T.E.S.)", "Wait & Shuffle" and "Get Out of My Face", production
Richard H. Kirk – guitar, saxophone, synthesizer, clarinet on "Breathe Deep", "Yashar" and "Protection", tape on "War of Nerves (T.E.S.)", "Wait & Shuffle" and "Get Out of My Face", production
Chris Watson – organ and tape on "Breathe Deep", "Yashar" and "Protection", production
Additional personnel
Alan Fish – drums and percussion on "Breathe Deep", "Yashar" and "Protection"
Nort – drums and percussion on "War of Nerves (T.E.S.)", "Wait & Shuffle" and "Get Out of My Face"
Eric Random – guitar and percussion on "War of Nerves (T.E.S.)", "Wait & Shuffle" and "Get Out of My Face"
Neville Brody – sleeve inside artwork
George Peckham – cutting
Phil Bush – production and engineering on "War of Nerves (T.E.S.)", "Wait & Shuffle" and "Get Out of My Face"
References
External links
1982 albums
Cabaret Voltaire (band) albums
Mute Records albums |
Glen Davis is a village in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia. The village is located in the local government area of the City of Lithgow. It is located 250 km north-west of Sydney and approximately 80 kilometres north of Lithgow. The name is also applied to the surrounding area, for postal and statistical purposes. In the , Glen Davis had a population of 354 but this fell to 115 in the 2016 census.
Location
Glen Davis is situated in the Capertee Valley, from which the Capertee River flows. Glen Davis is located north of Lithgow, New South Wales, off the road to Mudgee. It lies just to the east of the Great Dividing Range, as the Capertee River is part of the Hawkesbury-Nepean river system. The nearest other town is Capertee, which formerly had the closest connection to Glen Davis by rail.
Its location was due originally to the presence of deposits of oil shale and coal nearby. Disadvantages of Glen Davis's location were its relative remoteness, its relatively low rainfall, and, paradoxically, that the lower part of its site is subject to flooding during heavy rains.
History
Before Glen Davis
Aboriginal and early settler history
The Wiradjuri people are the original inhabitants of the Capertee Valley and the location now known as Glen Davis. The valley is in the north-eastern corner of the traditional lands of the Wiradjiri, near the boundary with the Darkinyung lands.
European settlers colonised and took over land in the valley, beginning in the 1820s, and progressively cleared the land on the valley floor for grazing and European agriculture.
Early mining and North Newnes
In 1865, oil shale was found in the Capertee Valley, on both the northern and southern sides. It was first mined there in 1881, including from a adit in the southern side of the valley, known as 'MP1', which would many years later be the site of the Glen Davis shale mine.
During the early 20th-Century, a small settlement known as North Newnes existed in the Capertee Valley close to the portal of a tunnel that was being driven to connect the valley with the oil shale operations in the Wolgan Valley at Newnes (then also known as South Newnes). The two settlements were connected by a bridle track between the two valleys. The tunnel, known as 'Lang's Tunnel'—begun first in the 1890s—lay west of the later oil shale mine; it had a length of , by the time that work on it was abandoned in September 1906. The miners had left the site by November 1908. The site of North Newnes was probably on higher ground above the future site Glen Davis township. Shale mining took place in the valley as late as 1923.
None of these early ventures produced significant amounts of shale, as getting the shale out of the remote valley for processing was not economic.
Shale oil town (1938–1952)
From 1938, the area adjacent to the site of Glen Davis became the centre of a revival of the oil shale industry. The town was established under an Act of the N.S.W. Parliament in December 1939. It was named after George Francis Davis. Glen Davis was notable because it was the first time that there had been an attempt in N.S.W. to create a completely new town based on town planning principles.
Construction of the Glen Davis Oil Shale Works began in 1938, before the town existed, and the earliest workers had to live in tents or otherwise make their own housing. This shanty housing often made use of white-washed hessian bagging and other inexpensive materials that were to hand, and the area became known at the 'Bag Town'. It was not within the neat planned township but on the opposite side of the Capertee River, on river flats prone to flooding. The settlement known as 'Glen Davis' thus came to consist of the planned town of Glen Davis, on the southern side of the river, the 'Bag Town' on the northern side, and a little to the east—between the town centre and the works, on land owned by National Oil Proprietary Limited—an area of staff and employee housing. There was also a planned industrial area to the north-west of the town centre.
The Glen Davis Oil Shale Works first made shale oil in January 1940. The post office for the town opened on 1 March 1939. The school opened in January 1940. Land sales in the town occurred in March 1940 but none of the residential sites were sold at the time. Conditions of sale for residential blocks were relaxed later in 1940. Houses later built there were financed and constructed under a cooperative building scheme, under which no deposit was required but equity was allocated based on the value of rental payments made.
In 1947, Glen Davis had a population of approximately 1,600, who were accommodated as follows: 11 substantial brick houses for staff; a staff hostel made of brick accommodating 30 junior staff; 100 permanent and 50 'war-type' individually-owned residences; a group of barracks with accommodation and boarding for 300 single men; a commercial hotel with 25 rooms; and a 'Bag Town' of 250 mostly sub-standard dwellings. The school had 260 pupils and 7 teachers. There was a post office, a bank and a police station. The town had a doctor, a pharmacist, three churches, a community centre, golf course, bowling green, children's playground and tennis courts. There were few commercial outlets; two general stores; a pharmacy; a garage; a 'saloon' (a bar separate from the hotel); a barber shop; and the hotel. There was also a motion-picture theatre in the 'Bag Town' section.
Driven by government policy and a shortage of labour for the shale oil operations, post-war migrants settled in the town from around 1948, facing hostility from some workers and residents.
At its peak, the population reached approximately 2000. There was an ambulance station, with two ambulances, that had been funded by the people of the town. There was also a bakery. From 1949, the town had a reticulated water supply. The water was piped over 105 km from the Oberon Dam on the Fish River, a rare instance of water from the Murray-Darling catchment being supplied to a location that is east of the Great Dividing Range.
Decline
The works and the associated shale and coal mines were closed and abandoned, in May 1952, because the works was unprofitable and accumulated losses were approaching the value of the capital and advances involved. By late 1952, there were 50 vacant houses in the town. Home owners received some compensation from the Commonwealth Government. Equipment in the plant was auctioned off in early 1953, by which time the ambulance station had closed, the town was taking on a forlorn unkempt appearance, and the population had fallen to 460. There was some work available in dismantling parts of the shale oil works during 1953. By mid-1954, the population had fallen to 320, there were 80 empty houses, only three shops were left open— general merchant, butcher and newsagent— and the town had lost its doctor, police station and clergymen. What was left uninhabited was subject to damage by vandals and thieves from outside the town The population had dwindled to 195, by late 1954. The skeleton of a town survived in the form of some properties, a hotel, a post office, and a shop or two that operated intermittently. Many houses and other building in the town were either relocated or demolished; some others just decayed away over time. The school closed in February 1962. The post office closed on 1 October 1986.
Present day Glen Davis
The creation of the Wollemi National Park brought a degree of tourism to the area and the ruins of the oil shale works are now also a minor tourist attraction. Some buildings associated with the old town are now used for tourist accommodation, including the hotel, in the old township, and the former Inspector's and General Manager's cottages, at the locality known as 'the Poplars' that lies between the modern-day village and the ruins of the works. The parkland reserve, at the centre of the old town plan, is now the Glen Davis Campground. A lasting legacy of the shale oil era is that the village still receives its freshwater supply via the concrete pipeline from the Oberon Dam.
National Parks
The Wollemi National Park takes in 492,976 hectares and is the second-largest national park in New South Wales. It includes some parts of the Capertee Valley, especially downstream of Glen Davis. The National Parks and Wildlife Service marked out a track between Glen Davis and Newnes, in the Wolgan Valley, and this became a popular walk known as the Pipeline Pass. Bushwalkers also use Glen Davis as the starting point for camping trips in the national park; there is also a camp site in the town.
Nearby are two smaller parks, the Mugii Murum-ban State Conservation Area — an area of particular significance to Wiradjuri people — and the Capertee National Park.
Another national park was created later, known as the Gardens of Stone National Park. This takes in some areas around the Capertee Valley, including the flat-topped mountain—or butte—called Pantony's Crown. This mountain was named after an early farmer who opened the area up to sheep farming. The National Trail, a long-distance walking trail that goes from Melbourne to Cooktown, also passes through the Capertee Valley.
Popular culture
The town was the subject of a documentary film, No Such Place, which was the first film made by the Australian director Peter Butt, in 1981.
The Glen Davis Shale Oil Works and a property now resumed into the National Park downstream from these sites was the location (Paradise Valley) for the 1980 Australian movie The Chain Reaction. The movie was directed by Ian Barry and starred Mel Gibson (uncredited) Steve Bisley, Hugh Keays-Byrne, Roger Ward and Tim Burns, amongst other fellow Mad Max cast and crew. Cinematography by Russell Boyd, and had George Miller as First Assistant Director. Many locals appeared in the movie as extras.
Gallery
See also
Glen Davis Shale Oil Works
List of Blue Mountains articles
Newnes
Wolgan Valley
Wollemi National Park
Capertee, New South Wales
George Francis Davis
References
External links
Lithgow Tourism – Glen Davis.
National Oil PTY LTD- Glen Davis oil shale works ruins.
Glen Davis town and oil-works – N.S.W. Environment and Heritage Office.
Planning map for Glen Davis and its immediate surrounding areas
Further reading
Mining towns in New South Wales
Ghost towns in New South Wales
Communities in the Blue Mountains (New South Wales)
City of Lithgow
New South Wales State Heritage Register
Shale oil towns in New South Wales |
The following is a list of Bellarmine Knights men's basketball head coaches. The Knights have had 11 coaches in their 73-season history.
Bellarmine's current head coach is Scott Davenport. He was hired in April 2005 to replace Chris Pullem, who was fired after the 2004–05 season.
References
Bellarmine
Bellarmine Knights men's basketball coaches |
Nova Haleshchyna (' ) is an urban-type settlement in Kremenchuk Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. It is located on the left bank of the Rydka, a left tributary of the Psel in the drainage basin of the Dnieper. Nova Haleshchyna hosts the administration of Nova Haleshchyna settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population:
Until 18 July 2020, Nova Haleshchyna belonged to Kozelshchyna Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Poltava Oblast to four. The area of Kozelshchyna Raion was merged into Kremenchuk Raion.
Economy
Transportation
Haleshchyna railway station is located in Nova Haleshchyna. It is on the railway connecting Poltava and Kremenchuk. there is infrequent passenger traffic.
The settlement has access to the Highway M22 connecting Poltava with Oleksandriia via Kremenchuk.
References
Urban-type settlements in Kremenchuk Raion |
Kayaapu (also spelled Kahyapu or Khayapu) is a village on Enggano Island, Indonesia. Along with Barhau, it is one of the two main villages of the island. It is located roughly 500 kilometers from Jakarta.
References
Populated places in Bengkulu |
Miguel Ângelo Freitas Barbosa, known as Miguel Barbosa (born 16 October 1996), is a Portuguese football defender who plays for FK Sloboda Užice in the Serbian First League.
Club career
Born in Funchal, the capital of Madeira islands, a Portuguese autonomous region, Miguel Barbosa begin playing in 2007 in the youth team of local side C.D. Nacional. Two years later, he moved to their rivals, C.S. Marítimo, where he played in their youth team until 2015, with a minor exception of a one season spell at youth team of C.D. Barreirense in 2011–12. He was upgraded to the senior team in 2015, and included in the C.S. Marítimo B team which played in the 2015–16 Campeonato de Portugal. That season he also made 22 appearances and scored 9 goals for C.S. Marítimo C. He played for Marítimo C the following two seasons as well. He had a highlight when, on May 12, 2018, he scored a hat-trick in the final of the Cup of Madeira which Marítimo C won by 3–2 against A.D. Pontassolense.
In summer 2018, he decided to take a chance abroad, and, after a suceessfull trial period, he signed with Serbian club FK Sloboda Užice. He made a debut in the 2018–19 Serbian First League on September 18, 2018, in a home defeat against FK Zlatibor Čajetina by 0–3.
Honours
Marítimo C
Cup of Madeira: 2018
References
1996 births
Living people
Footballers from Funchal
Portuguese men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
C.S. Marítimo players
FK Sloboda Užice players
Serbian First League players
Portuguese expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Serbia |
```c++
path_to_url
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#include "paddle/phi/infermeta/spmd_rules/elementwise.h"
#include "glog/logging.h"
#include "paddle/phi/core/distributed/auto_parallel/dist_attr.h"
#include "paddle/phi/core/distributed/auto_parallel/inferspmd_utils.h"
#include "paddle/phi/core/distributed/auto_parallel/utils.h"
#include "paddle/phi/infermeta/spmd_rules/utils.h"
namespace phi::distributed {
SpmdInfo SwiGLUInferSpmd(const DistMetaTensor& x, const DistMetaTensor& y) {
// y.dist_attr() is empty means y is None
if (y.dist_attr() == TensorDistAttr()) {
auto x_dims_mapping = x.dist_attr().dims_mapping();
if (x_dims_mapping.back() != -1) {
LOG(WARNING)
<< "Note: Input x's dims_mapping[-1] != -1, but the input y is none "
"and the input x will be split again in the last dimension.";
}
auto res = ElementwiseUnaryInferSpmd(x);
return {{res.first[0], y.dist_attr()}, {res.second[0]}};
} else {
return ElementwiseBinaryInferSpmd(x, y);
}
}
SpmdInfo SwiGLUInferSpmdReverse(const DistMetaTensor& x,
const DistMetaTensor& y,
const DistMetaTensor& out) {
if (y.dist_attr() == TensorDistAttr()) {
auto x_dims_mapping = x.dist_attr().dims_mapping();
if (x_dims_mapping.back() != -1) {
LOG(WARNING)
<< "Note: Input x's dims_mapping[-1] != -1, but the input y is none "
"and the input x will be split again in the last dimension.";
}
auto res = ElementwiseUnaryInferSpmdReverse(x, out);
return {{res.first[0], y.dist_attr()}, {res.second[0]}};
} else {
return ElementwiseBinaryInferSpmdReverse(x, y, out);
}
}
SpmdInfo SwiGLUGradInferSpmd(const DistMetaTensor& x,
const DistMetaTensor& y,
const DistMetaTensor& out_grad) {
if (y.dist_attr() == TensorDistAttr()) {
auto x_dims_mapping = x.dist_attr().dims_mapping();
if (x_dims_mapping.back() != -1) {
LOG(WARNING)
<< "Note: Input x's dims_mapping[-1] != -1, but the input y is none "
"and the input x will be split again in the last dimension.";
}
auto res = ElementwiseUnaryGradInferSpmd(x, out_grad);
return {{res.first[0], y.dist_attr(), res.first[1]},
{res.second[0], y.dist_attr()}};
} else {
return ElementwiseBinaryGradInferSpmd(x, y, out_grad);
}
}
} // namespace phi::distributed
``` |
Pannaivilai is a small village covered by Palmyra trees in Tuticorin District, Tamil Nadu, India. PannaiVillai is derived from two tamil word Pannai and villai, which means land which grows or has Palmyra trees. In colloquial language its pannai villaigira thaana idam. This village has Tucker Higher secondary school.
Geography
Pannaivilai is situated near Eral of Thoothukudi district. On the north side it is surrounded by a big pool called 'Perungulam'.
Demographics
Everybody in the village belongs the Nadar community. Christianity is the main religion followed.
The nearby cities are Tirunelveli (47 km) and Thoothukudi (45 km). The nearest railway stations are Nazareth (25 km) and Kurumbur (13 km). The nearest harbor and airport is situated at Thoothukudi (47 km).
Places of worship
Holy Trinity Church, Pannaivilai (CSI Thoothukudi-Nazareth Diocese, Pannaivilai)
Landmark
Pannaivilai puthur is situated on the East of Pannaivilai, on the West is Perungulam Lake, Pandaravilai, Mannarayanthattu, on the South Pannaivilai Bungalow, Perungulam village (Town Panchayat) Eral and on the North is Kombukaranpottal, Nattathi and Sawyerpuram. Pannaivilai is 23 km south of Tuticorin, (District Headquarters) Tuticorin is mainly famous for salt manufacturing, shipping etc.,
Information
Police Station Limit: Eral
Near Railway Station: Tuticorin / Kurumbur / Tirunelveli / Tiruchendur
Near Airport: Tuticorin / Madurai / Trivandrum
External links
Pannaivilai website
Image
Villages in Thoothukudi district |
Hanegraaff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Hank Hanegraaff (born 1950), American Christian author and radio talk-show host
Wouter Hanegraaff (born 1961), Dutch academic, expert on Western esotericism
See also
Hanegraaf
Dutch-language surnames |
Provost marshal is a title given to a person in charge of a group of Military Police (MP). The title originated with an older term for MPs, provosts, from the Old French prévost (Modern French prévôt). While a provost marshal is now usually a senior commissioned officer, they may be a person of any rank who commands any number of MPs; historically, the title was sometimes applied to civilian officials, especially under conditions of martial law, or when a military force had day-to-day responsibility for some or all aspects of civilian law enforcement (such as some British colonies). A provost marshal may also oversee security services, imprisonment, fire/emergency services and ambulances.
British Armed Forces
In the British Armed Forces, the provost marshal is the head of the military police of each service, with the senior military police officers at lower levels being titled deputy or assistant provost marshals. In many cases the provost marshal is in charge of discipline. Provost Marshal is the oldest extant appointment in the British Army. It dates back to early Tudor times but the office was probably in existence in the 12th century. By the end of the 17th Century each regiment had its own provost marshal under the Provost Marshal General. Currently, the provost marshal (army) is also the commander of the 1st Military Police Brigade.
Canadian Armed Forces
The Canadian Forces Provost Marshal (CFPM) is the branch advisor for the Canadian Forces Military Police Branch, and also the Commander of the Canadian Forces Military Police Group (CF MP Gp). The CFPM is headquartered in Ottawa and has five sections, each under the command of a Deputy Provost Marshal (DPM): DPM Police, DPM Resource Management, DPM Individual Training and Education, DPM Security, and DPM Professional Standards.
The CF MP Gp is composed of the Canadian Forces National Investigation Service (CFNIS), Military Police Security Services (MPSS), Canadian Forces Service Prison and Detention Barracks (CFSPDB), and Canadian Forces Military Police Academy (CFMPA).
German Armed Forces
The chief of the German Military Police (Feldjäger) is called General der Feldjägertruppe (equivalent to provost marshal general). The German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr) do not have a specific title for military police officers so in most tactical units and especially in multinational deployments, they will use the English term provost marshal.
New Zealand Defence Force
The provost marshal of the Joint Military Police Unit holds a senior commissioned rank. Currently a colonel holds the provost marshal position for the NZDF.
The provost marshal is responsible for all three military police units from the Navy, Army and Air Force.
United States Armed Forces
In the United States Army and United States Marine Corps (USMC), the senior-most military law enforcement officer is the Provost Marshal General (PMG) (Army) or provost marshal (USMC). The US Army PMG is a post that was reinstated in 2003, having been abolished 29 years earlier. The PMG is a general in charge of the United States Army Military Police Corps, U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Command (CID) and United States Army Corrections Command (ACC) policy and procedures from the Office of the Provost Marshal General (OPMG) at The Pentagon.
The senior MP officer at the theater, corps, division, and brigade level and for each garrison is known as a provost marshal. In many US Army garrisons, a provost marshal is at times also responsible for the provision of fire and physical security as well as law enforcement services and thus is also referred to as the Director of Emergency Services (DES).
Other uses
The British far-right group Britain First also use the rank, presumably as head of their paramilitary wing 'Britain First Defence Force', with provision for two "provosts marshal" in their official group constitution.
In popular culture
In the 1988 film The Presidio, Sean Connery portrayed Lt. Colonel Alan Caldwell, the base provost marshal.
See also
Provost (civil)
Provost Sergeant
References
External links
Canadian Forces Provost Marshal website
Military provost ranks |
Broke Leg Creek (better known as Broke Leg Falls) is a stream and waterfall in Morgan and Menifee counties, in the U.S. state of Kentucky.
Originally established as a State Park in the early 1960s, the 14-acre land was abandoned by the state due to the decrease of visitors and traffic flow. Private owners bought the land in the 80s, but did not perform the maintenance and upkeep required. Eventually, in 2002 the Menifee County government bought the land back and restored the area to its former glory. To help with these restorations, a regional tourism-promotion organization, called TOUR Southern and Eastern Kentucky, collaborated with the local chamber of commerce to give grant money and assistance. The grant money assisted with the addition of a new gazebo, campsite, grills, and new picnic tables.
Tragically, in March 2012 an EF-3 tornado ripped through Broke Leg Falls and the surrounding areas of Morgan or Menifee, just a year after the restorations had ended. Prior to the tornado, the creek and falls was not visible by road. People had to climb down several rock stairways to take a glimpse. However, once the tornado ripped all the trees away, the falls were clear enough to be seen from the roadway. Due to the extensive damage and location of the falls, not much could be done to rebuild the area for quite some time. As much trees and debris were cleared, but the best course of action was to let nature take its course. After several years, the bridge and stairs were repaired, which totaled well over $38,000 in costs. Since so much work had gone into the previous restoration and reopening of the park, it was especially devastating to the local communities that it was obliterated in a matter of minutes.
See also
List of rivers of Kentucky
References
Rivers of Menifee County, Kentucky
Rivers of Morgan County, Kentucky
Rivers of Kentucky |
Clein is a surname, most commonly indicating Lithuanian Jewish descent. Notable people with the surname include:
Louisa Clein (born 1979), English actress
Natalie Clein (born 1977), English classical cellist
Reubin Clein (1905–1989), American publisher
References |
The 2018 Nicaraguan protests began on 18 April 2018 following a move by the government of Daniel Ortega to reform social security. Following the deaths of protesters, demonstrations intensified and grew into a large anti-Ortega movement seeking his removal from office.
Timeline by months
April
18 April – Citizens already angered by the handling of the Indio Maiz fires expanded their protests in response to the Ortega administration's announcement of social security reforms that raised income and payroll taxes while reducing pension benefits by 5%. Demonstrations involving mostly elderly individuals, university students, and other activists broke out in Managua and six other cities, which were met with a heavy response from the authorities ordered by President Ortega. Authorities were seen using live ammunition on protesters while also arming Sandinista Youth mobs with weapons. Various forms of independent media were censored during the protests.
19 April – Vice President and first lady Rosario Murillo made a speech mocking the demonstrators and labeling them as "small groups, small souls, toxic, full of hate", bent on the destruction of the country. She also labeled the demonstrators that had been attacked as "aggressors" and the attack by pro-Ortega groups and police as "legitimate defense".
There were major protests and confrontations in León, Managua, Granada, Boaco, Carazo, Estelí, Rivas, Matagalpa and Masaya. TELCOR ordered the suspension of transmissions of four independent TV channels that were reporting the news: channels 12, 23, 51, and 100% Noticias. Also the Roman Catholic Episcopal Conference's TV channel. The suspension lasted several hours, except for 100% Noticias, who was out of the air until 25 April. Murillo accused the protesters of being manipulated and trying to "destabilize" and "destroy" Nicaragua.
20 April - The 15-years-old student of Instituto Loyola, Álvaro Conrado, was shot to death during a demonstration. He died when the hospital refused to let him enter.
21 April – Ortega makes his first public appearance and announced he would hold negotiations for possible revision of the reforms, planned to take effect on 1 July; however, he said he would only meet with business leaders and alleged that demonstrators were being manipulated by gangs and other political interests. Demonstrations increased in response, with protestors objecting to the repression of demonstrations and the exclusion of other sectors from the negotiations, as well as the reforms themselves. The business chamber COSEP announced it would only participate in the negotiation if police violence ceased, detained protestors were released and free speech was restored. Nicaragua's Roman Catholic Conference of Bishops (CEN) also called for an end to the police violence and criticized unilateral reforms; Pope Francis subsequently added his call for peace in the country.
22 April – As press described the unrest as the biggest crisis of Ortega's presidency, Ortega announced the cancellation of the social security reforms, acknowledging they were not viable and had created a "dramatic situation". He again proposed negotiations on the issue, this time to include Catholic Cardinal Leopoldo Brenes as well as the business community.
23 April – Marches of citizens, businessmen and students were held in Managua demanding the end of violence in the country, the release of students arrested by the police, the cessation of censorship of television media, and a response from the government about the students who died during the protests. The protests were the largest seen during the Ortega administration, with tens to hundreds of thousands of demonstrators participating and calling for the president's resignation.
24 April – Over 200 detainees got released by Nicaraguan authorities. This was the result of dialogue between the government and other organizations. Leaders of the campesino (peasant) movement released a statement in support of youth and self-organized grassroots protestors and called for a national strike until negotiations included all sectors of society. Peasant rights leader Francisca Ramírez called for Ortega's resignation.
26 April – Nicaraguan Attorney General Inés Miranda announced a formal investigation into the deaths during the protests.
27 April – President of the National Assembly Gustavo Porras announced a truth commission to examine the deaths and violence during the unrest. Head of the National Police Aminta Granera announced her resignation in face of the criticism of her handling of the unrest and alleged police repression of protests.
28 April – Hundreds of thousands participated in marches for "peace and justice" organized by the Catholic churches in Nicaragua in the cities of Managua, Matagalpa and León, León. At the events, "bishops, feminists, homosexuals, family members of those killed in the repression... and thousands of peasants" gathered in unity to demonstrate. Peasants who lived in rural areas traveled to Managua by a caravan of trucks, arriving to protest against the Nicaragua Canal proposal by Chinese businessmen and the Ortega government.
29 April – Anonymous attacked the websites belonging to the Government of Nicaragua.
30 April – Tens of thousands of Ortega's supporters participated in a rally showing him support. The rally consisted mostly of singing and dancing to music popular to the former Sandinista guerrillas. There were some reports of government workers being forced to join the pro-Ortega rally.
May
1 May – The Government of Nicaragua rejected the Inter-American Human Rights Commission's request to investigate the violence surrounding the weeks of protest.
2 May – Student groups created a deadline for the Nicaraguan government to allow the Inter-American Human Rights Commission and the United Nations Human Rights Office to send in personnel to investigate the killings of protesters. Police in riot gear blocked a student march from Central American University (UCA) to the National Assembly, with students instead marching to the Polytechnic University of Nicaragua (UPOLI) to show solidarity with other groups entrenched there. After pro-Ortega groups appeared on their route, they cancelled another planned march, so students reinforced barricades surrounding UPOLI under the watch of authorities. Anonymous Nicaragua hacked the website of the National Police of Nicaragua, calling for them to support of anti-Ortega protesters.
3 May – Shock troops of the Nicaraguan armed forces and police assaulted UPOLI in the early morning at about 01:00 CT, dispersing students stationed at the university. The incident left six students injured, one seriously. Student group Movimiento 19 de Abril responded to the incident stating that they would not participate in a dialogue with Ortega after he sent forces to attack them, placing peace talks in jeopardy.
4 May – Paramilitary groups, reportedly supervised by Sandinista mayor of Masaya Orlando Noguera Vega, attacked protestors at the entrance to the Niquinohomo municipality, birthplace of Augusto César Sandino. The protesters were surrounding a statue of Sandino painted blue and white, the colors of the Nicaraguan flag, that had become a symbol of the protests.
6 May – The university groups Alianza Universitaria Nicaragüense, Movimiento Estudiantil 19 de Abril and Movimiento Universitario 19 de Abril created a coalition to participate in dialogue and condemned the pro-Ortega National Assembly's move to create a truth commission which they deemed to be biased.
8 May – Students of the National Agrarian University (UNA) and the Catholic University (Unica, private), added to the protests in Nicaragua, manifesting their discomfort in the streets, and more Nicaraguans joined the protests throughout the day.
9 May – Members of the independent press of Nicaragua condemned the massacre, censorship and repression of the Government of Nicaragua. The Apostolic Network of Nicaragua, which brings together some 1,500 evangelical churches throughout the country, called for the resignation of Ortega and Murillo, and joined the majority of the Nicaraguan people. Thousands of people marched through the streets under the slogan "For Justice and the Democratization of Nicaragua". In a new show of popular force, the third in three weeks, the crowd dressed in t-shirts and flags of Nicaragua. Meanwhile, in another sector of Managua, people sympathetic to the government met in Avenida Bolivar to give support to the ruler and his wife. It is reported that there were four police officers injured during the demonstrations.
10 May – Dozens of peasants carry out a sit-in at the intersection of Lóvago, in the jurisdiction of the municipality of San Pedro de Lóvago in the Chontales Department, demanding that the government of Nicaragua accelerate the installation of a dialogue involving all sectors. The march of the buses, trucks, and other vehicles, that covered the route from Managua to Nueva Guinea, from Managua to San Carlos, and vice versa, remained paralyzed in that place because of the traffic jams. The National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN-Managua) demanded the delivery of the Rubén Darío campus, where, since 7 May, a group of students had been entrenched in demand for the dismissal of the student leadership and expressing their support for the citizen protests. The Truth Commission indicated that it would contact the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (CIDH), as part of the investigations of the April protests, which left at least 47 people dead. In a statement, the five members of the Truth Commission promised to clarify the numbers of dead, wounded, imprisoned, and disappeared and the destruction of infrastructure during the April protests. The Nicaraguan Catholic Bishops' Conference (CEN) would determine when dialogues would begin to address the crisis, the Nicaraguan government said. Murillo said that Ortega awaited the call of the bishops. An armed attack on students entrenched in a university in Managua left one dead and eleven injured, according to Víctor Cuadras, spokesperson for the Student Movement 19 April (M19A); the student died in the hospital where he had been carried after being shot during the attack.
11 May – The Government of Nicaragua, through its official website, El 19, recognized the death of three people during the clashes that occurred in the early hours in UPOLI in Managua, which would increase the death toll in the protests. Additional protests occurred nationwide against the Sandinista National Liberation Front and Ortega, in solidarity with the university students who died in the early hours of 11 May in UPOLI, Managua. The Nicaraguan Catholic Bishops' Conference (CEN) and the private sector of Nicaragua, main interlocutors of the next national dialogue with the government, rejected the attacks that occurred in the early morning. The First Lady and Vice President of Nicaragua Rosario Murillo indicated that the Government was prepared to attend the dialogue when the bishops deemed it convenient. The university students and the private sector of Nicaragua stated that they were also open to dialogue.
12 May – More than 10 cities were the scene of heavy fighting in at least eight departments in the north, center, and Pacific areas of Nicaragua. The biggest clashes took place in Chinandega, Granada, León, Managua, Masaya, and Rivas in the Pacific, as well as Estelí and Matagalpa in the north. In Masaya, the clashes lasted for more than 12 hours between demonstrators, anti-riot police and youth shock groups of the ruling Sandinista party.
The Nicaraguan Catholic Bishops' Conference (CEN) gave the government of Daniel Ortega 72 hours to provide conditions to start a dialogue amid the protests calling for the resignation of the president. The ultimatum of the bishops came after three people died on Friday in a new day of protests in the country. The four conditions that the president of Nicaragua must fulfill according to the bishops were:
Allow the entry of a delegation of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (CIDH).
Suppress paramilitary bodies and order the withdrawal of civilians in favor of the president.
Stop all kinds of police repression against protesting civil groups.
Willingness of dialogue on the part of the government.
13 May – President Ortega called for a cessation of violence, reading a short statement, in which he called for "an end to death and destruction, that does not continue to shed blood of Nicaraguan brothers". The Military of Nicaragua assured that it would not engage in acts of repression against citizens who were protesting and advocated a dialogue to help resolve the crisis in the country, according to statements made by spokesman Colonel Manuel Guevara. In a demonstration, thousands of people arrived on 13 May from Managua to Masaya in a caravan to support that city for the loss of at least one life and 150 wounded in the past days. The caravan left at 10:00 am from the Jean Paul Genie roundabout in Managua, where citizens gathered early to the sound of bubucelas and the fluttering of blue and white flags.
14 May – The Government of Nicaragua accepted the entry of a mission from the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights visit (IACHR) to "observe the human rights situation" in the country, according to the Secretary General of the Organization of American States (OAS) Luis Almagro. The student representatives, civil society, and private sector were invited to participate in the national dialogue by the Episcopal Conference of Nicaragua (CEN), confirmed their consent to go to the dialogue table that will start on Wednesday 16 May 2018 despite the repression of the National Police of Nicaragua and groups of Clashes of the FSLN. Strong disputes between riot police, together with members of the Sandinista Youth, and civilians protesting against the government in Sébaco, Matagalpa, left at least 16 injured, including four minors. The leader of the anti-Nicaraguan canal movement, Francisca Ramírez, announced that she had been excluded from the national dialogue as representative of the peasantry in Nicaragua.
15 May – Clashes continued in Matagalpa.
National Dialogue (16–23 May)
16 May – When Ortega and Murillo arrived at the Seminary of Our Lady of Fatima, site of the national dialogue, the presidential couple was greeted with shouts of "assassins, murderers" by people on the outskirts of the event. Guatemalan filmmaker Eduardo Jessi Espigar Szejmer died in the night when a metal tree sculpture fell on him. The sculpture was taken down during a demonstration that took place in the Metrocentro sector, Managua. There were protests in the capital.
17 May – A delegation from the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) arrived in Nicaragua to observe in loco the situation of human rights in the country. The IACHR visit occurred as Nicaraguan human rights organizations were reporting between 61 and 67 people dead and more than 500 injured in the repression exercised against protesters. The delegation was headed by Antonia Urrejola, rapporteur for Nicaragua at the IACHR.
18 May – On 18 May, the IACHR called on the State of Nicaragua to immediately cease the repression, said Commissioner Antonia Urrejola, rapporteur of the IACHR for Nicaragua, in a statement. The IACHR stated that they would meet with the victims of the repression. "We call on the State of Nicaragua to immediately cease the repression of the protest, the commission also calls on the State to guarantee the independence and functioning of the media in the country", the rapporteur also indicated that the mission of the IACHR in the country will be the observation in the field in accordance with human rights. She indicated that she would meet with all sectors. Mothers of young people who died in the protests filed a complaint with the IACHR. There were clashes, protests, and the entrance of "several armed hooded men" to the San José parish in Matiguás, Matagalpa, and closure of streets in Nueva Guinea, Jinotega, and other Nicaraguan departments. León, Carazo, Matagalpa and Jinotega were under strikes for lack of products, due to the crisis. The dialogue continued on the second day. There was friction between university students and members of the official press before the dialogue. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights arrived at the national dialogue. The government and the Nicaraguan opposition agreed to a truce over the weekend, a month after having started demonstrations and protests. Several people appeared before the Inter-American Commission to lodge complaints against the violations carried out by the police forces and supporters of the Daniel Ortega government.
19 May – The university students announce that they would continue the marches and the protests in a peaceful way. On 19 May, there were marches in several cities of Nicaragua in commemoration of those killed in the protests that had affected the country for a month. On the night of 19 May 2018, there was an attack on students of the National Agrarian University (UNA) who protested near the university grounds – whose rector accused the National Police, who in turn denied it – and which left eight injured. Students who were entrenched in the UNA and residents of surrounding neighborhoods reported an attack by police and members of youth sandinistas on the campus, located near the Augusto C. Sandino International Airport. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights received thousands of complaints from the population and was making inquiries in Matagalpa and other places where there was excessive repression against anti-government protests.
20 May – There were peaceful protests in several cities of Nicaragua, and the violation of the truce by the Nicaraguan Police was denounced. The attack perpetrated Saturday night against the students who remained entrenched in the National Agrarian University (UNA) left at least eight wounded, two of them seriously, as confirmed by students from that campus, who this Sunday collected evidence of the aggression that was documented by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (CIDH). The university students pointed to supporters of the government under the direction of police commanders as those responsible for the aggression; however, the institution, through an official note, reported that it had no presence in the area. Six injured were treated at the medical post of the campus in charge of the students and two other young people, wounded by bullet wounds, were transferred to a hospital. Nicaraguan demonstrators demolished more of the metal trees, called trees of life, that are symbols of the government of Ortega.
21 May – The national dialogue continued on its third day where the resignation of Ortega and his wife and the Nicaraguan government was requested, requesting the return to normality. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), issued a preliminary report on the investigations of what happened in the protests in Nicaragua. The IACHR counted at least 76 people killed in the protests in Nicaragua and more than 800 injured, and denounced serious events and violations of human rights by the Government of Nicaragua. It included the official visit of the IACHR to Nicaragua. The representatives of the organization were in Managua, Masaya, León and Matagalpa.
23 May – The National Dialogue between the government of Nicaragua and students, the private sector and civil society that began a week ago was suspended indefinitely. The leader of the Nicaraguan Catholic Church, Bishop Leopoldo Brenes, who had acted as a mediator of this dialogue, explained that the lack of agreement on an agenda of issues to be discussed prevented negotiations from continuing.
30 May – On 30 May, the day on which the Nicaraguan mothers are celebrated, a march was held in honor of the victims killed during the protests. It was repressed by the national police in the company of paramilitary groups and government-like mobs, leaving approximately 15 dead. Most of the victims died from accurate shots to the head, neck and chest. The march was led by the Mothers of April Movement, the Student Movement 19 April, Civil Society and Private Enterprise.
June
1 June – In the early hours of 1 June, Masaya reported that there had been a new wave of looting and robberies against businesses and stores in the city. The UN urged the Nicaraguan government to allow them access to the country to gather information about the violence and deaths recorded during the protests and to be able to verify the reports of violations of rights, disappearances, torture and arbitrary detentions. The spokeswoman for the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights said at the UN biweekly press conference in Geneva that the agency is "dismayed" by the ongoing violence in Nicaragua, which this week has left at least 16 dead and more than a hundred injured. Movements, associations of professionals and Nicaraguan social groups called for a civic-citizen national strike and civil disobedience since 1 June, as a means of pressure for President Daniel Ortega and his wife, Vice President Rosario Murillo, to leave power. Five banks have closed in Masaya for lootings. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) condemned the deaths and new acts of violence that occurred in Nicaragua and urged the state to stop the repression of the protests. The IACHR also urges the government to investigate and punish the use of force by parapolitical actors, dismantle these groups, and seek a peaceful, constitutional and democratic solution to the current political crisis affecting the country.
2 June – Heavy clashes between government forces and riot police against demonstrators and citizens of La Concepcion sector. It is indicated that there are two citizens killed and several people injured. Other clashes occurred in Masaya, Carazo, and Matagalpa. They reported attacks from paramilitary and anti-riot groups since dawn. The US Embassy in Managua confirmed the death of the US citizen who was found this morning in the Rubenia sector in Managua. "The United States Government expresses its condolences to the family of the deceased US citizen last night and to all the families who recently visited legal medicine. The death of a US citizen is of great concern to the embassy", Ambassador Laura Dogu wrote in her Twitter account. Resident citizens of the place indicate Sandinista youth shock groups as the culprits of the homicide. A group of children with their parents marched through the streets of Managua against repression and solidarity to university students who died in the protests.
July
8 July – At least 38 were killed during skirmishes between protesters, authorities and pro-Sandinista paramilitary groups. This left more than 300 Nicaraguans killed since the beginning of protests.
Attack on Bishops and nuncio in Diriamba
9 July – Mobs, some hooded and armed, surrounded and verbally and physically offended the bishops today, including Cardinal Leopoldo Brenes and the Vatican ambassador to Nicaragua Waldemar Sommertag, after arriving in Diriamba, Carazo. Men in plain clothes, hooded and some armed, first verbally offended the religious and then attacked them physically, wounding some of them, while the journalists robbed and beat.
10 July – Nicaraguan businessmen, the United States, international organizations and European governments condemned the fact and the Nicaraguan Catholic Bishops' Conference (CEN) suspended for indefinite time the working groups of the national dialogue. The Churches of Costa Rica and Panama, in separate messages, in addition to various dioceses of the country, manifested their solidarity with the bishops and their repudiation of violence. The Episcopal Conference of Costa Rica also urged the international community to collaborate with the solution to this conflict, to find the path that leads to peace Vice President of Nicaragua, Rosario Murillo, said that the government presiding over her husband, Daniel Ortega, is "indestructible" and that the opposition "could not" defeat him in the context of the sociopolitical crisis that this country is suffering and that has claimed at least 351 lives, according to humanitarian organizations and I justify the actions of violence against the Nicaraguan bishops and the apostolic Nuncio in Diriamba.
11 July – The Nicaraguan opposition and academic Félix Maradiaga was attacked in the city of León (northwest Nicaragua) by a group of Sandinista sympathizers of the government of President Daniel Ortega.
12 July – The Civic Alliance for Justice and Democracy and Opposition Demonostors begins unrest amid a government crackdown continues to affect various Nicaraguan towns and cities. Three days of demonstrations are set to take place from Thursday, 12 July 13 July through Saturday, 14 July. The March called "Together We are a Volcano" will be held in the capital Managua, where demonstrators will leave from the Rotonda Cristo Rey (roundabout; a.k.a. Rotonda Santo Domingo) at 10:00 (local time) and march to the Rotonda Jean Paul Genie, passing through the Autolote El Chele intersection and the Alexis Argüello monument. The march "Together we are a volcano" in Morrito, Rio San Juan, ended in clashes between armed protesters and the police of the place. Different sources in the place say that there are four policemen dead and a self-called. The National Police, in a statement, confirmed on the night of Thursday, 12 July 2018, about the five people killed among them. The head of the local police, commissioner Luis Bustos, is one of the deceased.
13 July – Nicaragua awoke under a 24-hour national strike, the second in less than a month, convened by the Civic Alliance for Justice and Democracy to demand from President Daniel Ortega a response on the proposal to advance the general elections for March 2019, as an exit to the socio-political crisis that the country faces since last 18 April.In Managua most of the streets are empty, private businesses such as convenience stores, supermarkets and businesses did not open their doors. Medardo Mairena and Pedro Mena, members of the Nicaraguan Peasant Movement, were held at the Augusto C. Sandino International Airport in Managua. According to people accompanying them, Migration personnel detained them and do not know of their whereabouts. "They were detained, we do not know for what reason, we do not know if they were removed on the other hand or if they are still detained," said Alfredo Mairena, a member of the Peasant Movement On the same day in the afternoon, police and paramilitaries attacked the Rubén Darío University Campus (RURD) of the UNAN Managua. After hours under attack the students took refuge in the nearby Church of Divine Mercy where they were attacked by police and paramilitaries, after the youths left the facilities the paramilitaries set fire to the university campus setting fire to a CDI and one of the pavilions of the college
14 July – A caravan was organized by the Civic Alliance which was held around midnight and in the early hours of 14 July arrived at the vicinity of the temple, blocked by a police checkpoint located at the traffic lights of Club Terraza towards the west. The parish of Divine Mercy was attacked and besieged throughout the night of Friday the 13th and the early morning of Saturday the 14th, leaving a result of 2 students dead. The bullet holes in the walls, windows and religious objects in addition to the bloodstains were still visible in the days following the attack. The peasant leaders Mairena and Mena are accused of terrorism and involved in the Morrito incident, where several policemen died.263 President Daniel Ortega made the tactical retreat to Masaya (to be held on the last Friday of June) on Friday, 13 July, but instead of the usual walk a vehicular caravan was made to Masaya. The president headed the caravan amid a strong presence of police and paramilitaries. Unlike other years, they did not arrive until the indigenous town of Monimbo but the caravan culminated in the police station of Masaya, where the president called for peace and accused the demonstrators of terrorists in a speech of less than 10 minutes. Among other differences to previous years in 2018, there were no folk dances, nor cultural acts, nor was there the support of the mayor of varas (Monimbo). After the small act, the city of Masaya and especially the indigenous people of Monimbo were strongly attacked by police and paramilitary forces. In the end the paramilitaries were withdrawn by the same population. In Diriamba it was learned of the homicide of an ecologist activist citizen of Costa Rica residing in Nicaragua. Nicaraguan youth group takes refuge in Costa Rica after the bloody incidents of Carazo. On 14 July, clashes were reported in Granada, Masaya and Managua. Leaving two students killed by Nicaraguan police and pro-government paramilitary forces had to go with the presence of Cardinal Brenes, the apostolic Nuncio accompanied by members of the national and international organizations to rescue the wounded and besieged.268 those rescued were received at the Cathedral of Managua, where they were received by ecclesiastical authorities and national and international human rights organizations. In the cathedral were also dozens of people waving flags of Nicaragua and UNAN to receive the students. In Chontales, there were strong confrontations between peasants and members of the paramilitary and government police forces where they raised the blockades and closures. of streets; In this repressive action, Gabriel Mareira, brother of the peasant leader Alfredo Marinera, came out severely wounded.
White and Blue Caravan
14 July – The blue and white caravan was made, where thousands of citizens in their cars and adorned with the Nicaraguan flag expressed their dissatisfaction and opposition to the government of Daniel Ortega. The gigantic caravan was developed in Managua and had replicas in almost all the departments of the country. In several cities of the departments of Nicaragua there were marches and protests to request the departure of the Nicaraguan presidential couple. In Granada attacks have been reported against the blue and white caravan where there were several wounded.
15 July – At least 10 people, including a young girl, were killed in Nicaragua after pro-government forces launched an operation in the country's south, a rights group has said. The Nicaraguan Association for Human Rights (ANPDH) said that six civilians and four riot police officers died on Sunday in the city of Masaya, as well as in the nearby Niquinohomo and Catarina communities and the Monimbo neighbourhood.Among the dead was a 10-year-old girl who was shot in the stomach and died due to a lack of medical attention, ANPDH head Alvaro Leiva said Amid great secrecy and under a wide police deployment in the Central Judicial Complex Managua, a preliminary hearing was held behind closed doors for three young people accused of the arrests in Managua, Nindirí, Ticuantepe and Masaya, and for having burned the facilities of the Radio Ya.The police deployment generated an atmosphere of confusion, because it was supposed to be presented before the judge the peasant leader Medardo Mairena Sequeira, arrested Friday at the airport and accused of the death of four officers and a civilian in Morrito, last Thursday.The judge Sixth Criminal District Hearing of the capital, Henry Morales, scheduled the initial hearing for next 8 August at 9:00 a.m. A group of supporters of the Sandinista government attacked in the trade on Sunday, 15 July 2018, the vehicle in which Monsignor Abelardo Mata, bishop of the Diocese of Estelí and spokesperson for the Episcopal Conference of Nicaragua (CEN), was being transported. Mata was intercepted by a group of people who damaged the vehicle and shouted "murderer", "coup" and "criminal", and he took refuge in a nearby house, witnesses said. The official media justified the aggression in their social networks, arguing that it was a sign of the repudiation "of those accused of promoting the terrorist acts sponsored by the coup leaders throughout Nicaragua." Jairo Velásquez, a priest from Catarina, suffered an assault by para-policemen at the Santa Catalina Church today, his brother José Alberto Velásquez confirmed to El Nuevo Diario. In the hours of this afternoon, armed individuals entered the house with surprise and violence. of the Santa Catalina parish, which is under the administration of Father Jairo Velásquez, in Catarina, and they beat him. The offices of Caritas Internationalis in the municipality of Sébaco, Matagalpa, were looted and later set on fire by unknown persons.
International pressure and Anti-Terrorism Law
16 July – The international community has intensified pressure on the Government of Nicaragua to stop the repression and disarm the paramilitaries after nearly 300 deaths during three months of protests demanding the ouster of President Daniel Ortega. The United States, 13 Latin American countries and the Secretary General of the UN, Antonio Guterres, asked the Executive of Daniel Ortega the end of the repression of the demonstrations that since last 18 April flood the streets of the Central American country. Guterres called for an immediate cessation of violence and dared to point out the responsibility of the president, at least indirectly. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights denounced that the Law on terrorism proposed by President Ortega on April 4 and approved today by the National Assembly of Nicaragua can be used to criminalize peaceful protest. Nueva Guinea takes to the streets to protest against the Government of Nicaragua. The National Police presented two doctors who had participated as volunteers in the seizure of the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN-Managua), accusing them of transporting firearms that supposedly had been hidden in the Divine Mercy Church, where more than One hundred people took refuge and were besieged by para-police forces on Friday night and early Saturday morning.The doctors, identified as Irving Escobar, 29, and Blanca Cajina Urbina, 25, were presented Monday at a press conference at the Directorate of Judicial Assistance (DAJ), also known as El Chipote, along with 22 other defendants. of terrorism and other crimes.
17 July – The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Nicaragua raised its "strongest protest" for the "biased declarations" of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, which denounced that the law on terrorism approved by National Assembly can be used to criminalize the protest.
Masaya Attack
17 July –There are attacks by Sandinista paramilitary forces and members of the National Police of Nicaragua in the city of Masaya, specifically in the Moninbo neighborhood. This city, located 35 kilometers southeast of Managua, has endured almost two months of siege by the government since last April a wave of violence broke out in this country that has already claimed more than 350 deaths.The National police of Nicaragua and Sandinista paramilitary forces have started an attack on the Monimbó neighborhood, in Masaya, at 6:00 in the morning, after having entered through different parts of the city. Church bells rang to alert the population. The Government of Nicaragua carried out a new armed attack against a population of the Central American country, this time in the city of Masaya, rebel fief against the government of President Daniel Ortega, despite national and international repudiation, with a balance of at least 3 deaths, that they join a list of more than 350 people killed in a crisis that lasts more than three months. The Sandinista government took control of Masaya, 29 kilometers southeast of Managua, after an intense bombing, of more than 7 hours, with emphasis on the indigenous community of Monimbó with support from police and masked persons. The representative of the Campesino Movement in the national dialogue, Medardo Mairena, was accused along with nine other persons of the crimes of terrorism, organized crime, murder, simple kidnapping, aggravated robbery, obstruction of public services (transportation) and injuries to the detriment of 23 people and the State of Nicaragua. In the preliminary hearing held on Tuesday behind closed doors in the Sixth Penal Court District of Hearing, in charge of Judge Henry Morales, was also accused the peasant leader Pedro Mena Amador, imprisoned next to Mairena last Friday at the international airport of Managua. The other defendants are Juan Calderón, Carlos Zamora, Luis Marenco, Silvio Pineda, Mario Jiménez, Danilo García, Arlen Lanuza and José Hernández. For all, Judge Henry Morales issued arrest warrant.
18 July – Citizens of Juigalpa denounced that Ortega's mobs came to attack the people who were in the sit-down that they demonstrators carried out.
19 July
Irelanda Jerez, one of the leaders of the movement of self-appointed women who participate in the protests against the government of Daniel Ortega. The relatives of the dentist and merchant of the Oriental market, Ireland Jérez, have confirmed that their relative is in El Chipote prison, in Managua. Dollma Jérez said that at 6:45 in the morning they confirmed that her sister is in El Chipote and hopes that his physical integrity is respected. Moninbo neighborhood is occupation for gubernamental sandinistas forces.Samuel Geovanny Martinez Duarte, member of the April 19 University Movement in Granada, has been remanded in custody, after being taken to a preliminary hearing, under a strong police guard, to repsonder for the crime of threat.Martinez is accused for the crimes of threat to the detriment of Yaroslava Muñoz Maltez, departmental delegate of the MTI in Granada. During a speech before thousands of Sandinistas in a plaza in Managua, the president denounced that many temples were occupied as barracks to store ammunition in the framework of the sociopolitical crisis that Nicaragua is going through since April 18.The Episcopal Conference (CEN), mediator and witness of the national dialogue, proposed to Ortega to advance the general elections for March 31, 2019, without him being able to stand for reelection, to overcome the crisis.Ortega revealed that when the bishops made that proposal, on June 7, he was surprised and when he received the document, which in addition to advancing the elections plans the restructuring of the State, he said: "They are committed to the coup."
22 July – The bishops of the Episcopal Conference of Nicaragua (CEN) will continue as mediators in the national dialogue despite "the confrontational attitude" of the government, which accused them of coup plotters, Catholic Church of Nicaragua today began a day of fasting and praying the prayer of exorcism to San Miguel Arcángel, in "reparation for desecrations" in these last three months "against God" with the violence unleashed in the country, which has been charged between 277 and 351 lives.
23 July – Pro-Sandinista government supporters turn against the television channel 100% Noticias Santa María de Pantasma marches in support of students, bishops and other members of society. On the national day of the Nicaraguan student there were marches for and against the government of Daniel Ortega throughout Nicaragua. Brazilian student Rayneia Gabrielle Lima, 31, was shot dead Monday night in an attack by armed individuals in the area of the American school in Managua. The woman was three months away from completing her medical degree. The rector of American University (UAM), Ernesto Medina accuses paramilitary forces, while Nicaraguan police denied that any paramilitary forces were involved, blaming the murder on an unidentified "private security guard".
24 July – Daniel Ortega said on Monday that he will not resign from the presidency of Nicaragua before finishing his term in 2021, ignoring the demand of opponents who demand his immediate exit from power to overcome the crisis. The Nicaraguan Association for Human Rights (ANPDH) revealed that 758 people had been reported as kidnapped by armed hooded civilians and police throughout the country between Sunday and dawn on Monday.
A new attack by the "combined forces" of the Government of Nicaragua left at least 3 dead in the northern part of the country, reported today the "self-convened" demonstrators from the city of Jinotega. The attack, which lasted for more than 8 hours between Monday night and early Tuesday morning, occurred in the Sandino neighborhood of Jinotega, 163 kilometers north of Managua, known as "the Monimbo del norte", due to the strong resistance to the government of Daniel Ortega.
28 July – on July 28 a massive march of reparation was carried out against the Government of Ortega and in support of the Nicaraguan Curia.
31 July – The US congressmen Ileana Ros-Lehtinen and Mario Díaz Balart met cbroson miem of the Nicaraguan community, in South Florida, to talk about the crisis in that country.The Permanent Human Rights Commission of Nicaragua (CPDH) has so far recorded 300 murdered in the context of the protests. On the afternoon of July 31, the self-appointed health personnel held a demonstration called "March for health, united by life." The starting point will be the Alexis Argüello monument and will end at the Jean Paul Genie roundabout in Managua against political persecution and dismissals in the public health sector encouraged and executed by the Government of Daniel Ortega. The UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) today called on the international community "solidarity" with Costa Rica and other countries that welcome the "thousands" of Nicaraguans fleeing their country, submerged in the bloodiest crisis since the decade from the 1980s. The Government of Nicaragua rejected a special commission of the Organization of American States, OAS, to mediate the country's crisis. The proposal was presented by the United States, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Canada, Chile, Mexico and Peru. Daniel Ortega said that they try to meddle in matters that belong to his government and rejected the initiative through a note of protest sent to the Inter-American agency. Students of the UNAN-León, as well as representatives of the April 19 University Movement, Blue and white, self-called and the same population, left to march to demand justice and democracy.
August
1 August – The president of Nicaragua, Daniel Ortega, said that the influence of jihadist terrorism of the self-styled Islamic State arrived in his country and gave as an example the murders that have taken place in the framework of the protests against his government since last April 18.
"It seems that the influence of ISIS has come through the (social) networks to Nicaragua," the president said. The head of the Nicaraguan Army, General Julio César Avilés, said that the country's sociopolitical crisis is also a time to reflect and contribute. Dialogue is the "most convincing" route for Nicaraguans to overcome the socio-political crisis their country is going through, said the head of the Nicaraguan Army, General Julio César Avilés. This at the same time to stop the protests started on April 18 and which have already left between 295 and 448 dead. The socio-political crisis in Nicaragua has caused the closure of several universities in the Central American country. Nicaragua loses 230 million dollars in tourism due to crisis. In the Countryside of Nicaragua there is protest for the release of political prisoners and detainees.
2 August – With the approval of twenty countries, the Organization of American States (OAS) created on Thursday a special commission to contribute to the search for solutions to the crisis in Nicaragua. Only four countries voted against, including Nicaragua itself.
The working group that will follow up on the situation in Nicaragua has not yet been formed, but the representatives of the United States, Costa Rica, Brazil and Chile expressed interest. A group of Nicaraguan women, headed by the poet Gioconda Belli, requested by means of a letter to the Nicaraguan Army to "disarm" the paramilitary groups that "usurp" the functions of the country's armed forces, in the midst of the crisis that has left between 317 and 448 dead since April. He is secretly tried for the assassination of young Brazilian Raiella Grabrielle Lima A source from the Prosecutor's Office informed that Pierson Gutiérrez Solís had pleaded guilty in the preliminary hearing, and that afterwards the penalty debate was proceeded, in which the State requested the minimum for homicide: 10 years in prison; and six months for illegal carrying of weapons.
3 August – The independent journalists will hold a sit-in at 10:00 a.m., at the Metrocentro roundabout, to demand freedom of the press for Daniel Ortega, since he has been violated by his government, since three months ago the protests in the country began. The brothers Luis Miguel, Jean Carlos, and Harvin Roberto, all of Esteban Lesage surnames, were capturaed by the police, on July 11 and are now being accused of terrorism, organized crime and simple kidnapping, for participating in marches against the government of Daniel Ortega. Doctors from Nicaragua yesterday denounced new layoffs to health workers who have treated protesters injured in protests against President Daniel Ortega, in a crisis that has left between 317 and 448 dead since April.At least 11 doctors and health workers were dismissed for having treated the injured protesters in the department of Carazo, and more than 10 in Masaya, according to a public complaint, issued through the Permanent Commission of Human Rights (CPDH).
4 August – Sandinista forces attack and besiege the channel 100% News.
The self-appointed demonstrators of Nicaragua left on Saturday in the streets of Managua, to publicly support the doctors who have been dismissed, who point out political motivations behind their dismissals, for attending protesters wounded in the protests against Daniel Ortega's government. Nicaraguan human rights organizations have denounced arbitrary dismissals of at least 135 doctors, specialists and subspecialists of the public hospitals of the country. Alfredo Mairena, brother of Medardo Mairena, said on Saturday that the leader of the Peasant Movement had been tortured and that they had not allowed a doctor to examine him, to check his health.
"I saw my brother nine days ago. They have tortured him to blows. We do not know the state of health, the doctor we are looking for to review it has not been authorized to check it. He told me that there are death threats for me and the whole family", said Alfredo Mairena.
18 August – 4 months of protests.
20 August – The caravan of vehicles of opponents to the government was intercepted and dispersed by gunfire while on its way to Masaya. At least four people traveling on two motorcycles were captured by paramilitaries, supported by special troops of the National Police under the command of commissioner Ramón Avellán. In recent days, the population of Masaya has reported looting of homes of families of leaders of protests, parapolicías, besides being the city under a strong police and parapolicial device since the barricades of protesters were dismantled in mid-July. At least 40 people have been fired this Monday from the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN-Managua), according to one of the people whose employment contract was canceled. The source, who requested anonymity for fear of future reprisals, said that the dismissals have reached plant teachers and administrative workers from various faculties (Humanities, Administration, Medicine) and academic departments. Relatives of Carlos Cárdenas, technical advisor to Monsignor Rolando Álvarez, member of the Episcopal Conference (CEN) at the National Dialogue table, denounced today that hooded people held him against his will and took him to a place they have not confirmed
22 August – The government of Daniel Ortega uncovered the persecution at institutional level against Channel 10, the night of this Wednesday, after the Financial Analysis Unit (UAF) announced the opening of "a process of financial intelligence" against Carlos Pastora, manager of that television
23 August – A 14-year-old boy who was on his way to school yesterday suffered unprecedented torture in the annals of the country's conflict. Accompanied by his mother, the boy, he reported that a police patrol of the Directorate of Special Operations (DOEP) stopped him when he was going to school and they put him in a booth in the parking lot of District V of the National Police in Managua. There, several hooded officers tortured him, and tattooed the acronym FSLN on his arm with a syringe, he told CPDH. The United Airlines United canceled, for 15 days, its flights to Managua because its crews fear to travel at night and spend the night in Nicaraguan soil. United Airlines is one of the three largest companies in the United States in this field and has its offices in Chicago, Illinois. American Airlines and Delta Airlines complete the trio of the three largest airlines in that country. Commissioner Francisco Díaz was named by Daniel Ortega as the new head of the National Police, sending Commissioner Aminta Granera to retirement.Ortega makes this appointment to his consort under a presidential decree, despite the sanctions of the Magnitsky Global Law applied to Díaz last July. The young Adriana Gutiérrez, 22 years old; Alejandra Vega, 22 years old; Tadeo Sequeira, 24 years old and Elízabeth Villarreal, 28, members of the April 19 University Movement were captured the morning of this Thursday when they came to Managua to consolidate details of the march to be held this Saturday in Granada. After Carlos Pastora, manager of Channel 10, asked for protection from the Embassy of Honduras in the face of the siege and threats suffered by Daniel Ortega's government, Diana Valladares, Honduran ambassador in Nicaragua, said that they will not "abandon" Pastora and They are working to provide a quick solution. At 9:00 in the morning of Wednesday, the child Erling Vallejos died at the Oscar Danilo Rosales Arguello School Hospital (HEODRA) in León. The minor sick with dengue, was not attended properly because in the welfare center there are no specialists, because these were dismissed by orders of the Sandinista government in past weeks. Nicaraguan political commentator Jaime Arellano and journalist Luis Galeano said nothing will stop them for reporting the truth, despite being threatened with death and imprisonment by government forces
25 August – Shots and shots against a convoy of civic forces by pro-government organisms and allies and allies in managua They denounce detention of more than 20 young people who were heading to march in Granada. Protests in Granada and Leon for illegal detention for students university.
27 August – The trial for the shooting death of journalist Angel Gahona, originally from Bluefields, came to an end on Monday night, with a verdict of guilt for Brandon Lovo Taylor and Glen Slate, without allowing access to the courts to relatives of the victim and the accused, members of the Interdisciplinary Group of Independent Experts (GIEI) and independent media. The majority of Nicaraguans believe they are innocent because the trial was political because they are not to blame for the fact. The Brazilian-American documentary maker Emilia Mello, who was deported from Nicaragua after being detained by police on Saturday when she was heading to Granada to film an anti-government demonstration, said she was detained for 30 hours and suffered "psychological abuse." Rosario Murillo threatened those who participate in demonstrations against Daniel Ortega to "stop playing with fire", his statements were given in the official media."There are some ridiculous campaigns in social networks, terrorism, terrorism, stop playing with fire," warned Murillo.The vice president issued his warning two days after hundreds of people showed their rejection of Ortega in the streets of the city of Leon, in a demonstration that was shot to death by the National Police, and in which at least 7 young people were arrested .
28 August – As a "judicial circus," so called Migueliuth Sandoval, wife of journalist Angel Gahona, the trial in which Brandon Lovo and Glen Slate pleaded guilty, for the murder of Gahona, Monday night. Judge Ernesto Rodríguez, of the Sixth Criminal Trial District, decreed 48 years of prison for young people.The judicial process took place in an environment of irregularities and secrecy. The family of Gahona considers that justice was not done in the case, because for them, the real culprits are the policemen who surrounded the journalist the day he died. In addition, they state that their rights were violated by not allowing them to be in the hearings.
September
2 September – At least two people were wounded by gunshots fired by presumed paramilitaries sympathetic to President Daniel Ortega against an opposition march, which culminated in violence in the eastern part of the Nicaraguan capital.
7 September – About 90% of businesses participate in a national general strike in order to demand the release of political prisoners, costing Nicaragua an estimated $20–25 million per day.
13 September – A group of feminist women sit and serenade in solidarity with the political prisoners in La Esperanza prison, located on the Masaya road. In front of the police harassment of Nicaraguan citizens, the march was carried out "Vamos Ganando". Idania Flores, Miss Teen Nicaragua 2017, decided to show solidarity with the more than 300 political prisoners of the Government of Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo. The young woman showed her support by shaking her head. 10 years and three months of imprisonment in prison for the crimes of attempted murder were condemned, in a court in Managua, human rights activists Jaime Ampié Toledo, Julio Ampié Machado and William Picado.His attorneys filed the appeals to cooperate.
14 September – Under protest began the trial for political prisoner Jaime Navarrete Blandón, accused of killing on June 12 of the current year Ariel Ignacio Vivas, 26, who walked with the police knocking down dams in the eastern neighborhoods of Managua. The young Carolina Mileydi Téllez and Luis Napoleón Ríos were kidnapped last night, when they supposedly watered blue and white balloons as a form of protest against the Sandinista government. The General Secretary of the Nicaraguan Association for Human Rights (ANPDH), Álvaro Leiva, will participate on Friday, September 14, in a meeting with the Human Rights Council of the United Nations (UN), where I was invited to expose the violation of the human rights during the crisis in Nicaragua. Cities such as Managua, Nagarote, Jalapa, Bluefields, Condega, Chichigalpa, Ocotal, Mozonte among others dawned with blue and white balloons in their main streets as a form of protest against the Sandinista government. In some of the municipalities the balloons were blown by workers of the mayor's offices, and Sandinista sympathizers who are bothered by this form of protest by the Nicaraguan population.
29 September – President Ortega declares that protests against his government are illegal and that those who oppose him "will respond to justice".
October
14 October – The Nicaraguan Police repressed a group of opponents with violence and arrested 38 of them when they tried to protest in the streets of Managua against the president of the country, Daniel Ortega. Daniel Ortega receives an international rejection for the repression that the population of Nicaragua is experiencing. Panama demands the "release" of the detainees this Sunday in Nicaragua, where demonstrators who wanted to protest against President Daniel Ortega were repressed by the police. Indigenous leader Lottie Cunningham was released today in Nicaragua hours after being arrested at the Managua airport along with human rights activist Haydée Castillo, who was imprisoned, the Nicaraguan Center for Human Rights (Cenidh) reported.The leader of the women of the North of Nicaragua, Haydée Castillo, and the defender of the rights of the indigenous women of the Caribbean, Lottie Cunningham, were detained by officials of the General Directorate of Immigration and Aliens at the Augusto C. Sandino International Airport. They were preparing to travel to the city of Washington, United States. Haydee Castillo is still detained on charges of terrorism.
15 October – The auxiliary bishop of the archdiocese of Managua, Silvio Báez, criticized the "irrational repression" of the police before the protests in Nicaragua and called on the Government of Daniel Ortega to resume the national dialogue to overcome the sociopolitical crisis.
Lipstick Rebellion
17 October – A lipstick tube became the new and unexpected weapon of those who demand the departure of Ortega. In social networks, many women and men are sharing photos in which they appear with painted lips. #SoyDelPicoRojo, proclaim proud and challenging, using the colloquial name with which Nicaraguans refer to the mouth. And, often, the image is accompanied by a call for the release of "political prisoners" or the #SOSNicaragua label. Some 200 people are being tried in the Central American country on the charge of terrorism. The 38 captured Sunday, however, were the first to be arrested after the Nicaraguan Police warned that they would not allow demonstrations without their prior authorization. Among them was Marlen Chow, a former Sandinista sympathizer, who once in El Chipote, decided to use her lipstick as a form of protest released the next day, her answer baffled her interrogators, because she showed them "that we were not willing to cheat (scare)." But her simple and defiant gesture also did something else: she gave the Nicaraguans who protest against Ortega a new way of expressing their discontent without exposing themselves to jail.
23 October – After growing 4.0% to 4.5% during the last five-year period, the Nicaraguan industrial sector forecasts a reduction to -0.5% for 2018. Even though, companies in the sector took all the precautions that contributed to keep them in operation.Given the Government's proposals to try to mitigate the economic effects of the political crisis with economic measures, industrialists demand political decisions. "First, the political crisis should be resolved, all COSEP (The Private Enterprise Council) chambers have been emphasizing since five months ago. That’s why we are part of the Civic Alliance for Justice and Democracy—the dialogue than we yearn for should take place," said Sergio Maltez, President of the Chamber of Industries of Nicaragua (CADIN), on the television program "Esta Noche" (Tonight)
24 October – Group of paramilitaries related to the government of Daniel Ortega illegally kidnaps and detains people. The Nicaraguan Catholic Bishops' Conference (CEN) described as "media attacks" the accusations of Sandinista sympathizers against Monsignor Silvio José Báez, whom they accuse of being the "leader of the barricades in Nicaragua" and ordered him to leave the country or be prosecuted for "terrorist, coup plotter and murderous ", based on an audio in which the priest allegedly" conspires "against the government. For several hours, an official audio was transmitted in official media that would have been recorded during a supposed meeting with peasant leaders.The alleged Christian community San Juan Pablo Apóstol today revealed the audio of a conspiracy meeting between the auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Managua, Silvio Báez, and peasants, with the objective of destabilizing the Nicaraguan government.
'29 October – The TV Channel 100% News reported that the Nicaraguan Institute of Telecommunications and Post (Telcor), ordered 100% news out of the UHF channel 15 channel. According to Miguel Mora, director of 100% Noticias, Telcor, through a press release, ordered the cable companies to take the 100% news signal from channel 15 in an open signal. The National Police of Nicaragua captured Gerson Snyder Suazo, 22, on Sunday. The incident happened around 7:00 p.m, when he left the parish of San Blas, in the municipality of Chichigalpa, where a mass was held in support of the auxiliary bishop of Managua, Silvio Báez, who is a regular participant in anti-government protests, had thrown balloons in the air minutes before being arrested.
November
2 November – The Government of Nicaragua declared November 2 as a holiday with pay for public employees, on the occasion of the celebration of the Day of the Dead, reported the vice president of the Central American country, Rosario Murillo."Two of November will be granted as a holiday with salary to workers and employers of the public sector, centralized entities and companies attached to it," said the First Lady.
23 November – On April 20, Rosario Murillo, vice president of Nicaragua and wife of President Daniel Ortega, ordered the political secretaries of the Sandinista Front in the country's public institutions to "take it immediately" by state officials and supporters of the party's most important points. important to Managua to counter the protests that had begun two days before and demanded the end of eleven years of Sandinista government.
26 November – The regime of Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo raised their harassment against feminist movements, in a day of harassment and abuse that culminated on Monday with the expulsion from the country of feminist leader Ana Quirós, a Costa Rican citizen and nationalized for several decades in Nicaragua. Along with Quirós, three residents of European origin were cited without reason by the General Directorate of Immigration and Foreign Affairs (DGME) to appear on Monday at their offices, where they were held for hours.
28 November – U.S. President Donald Trump signed an executive order to sanction the Nicaraguan authorities for participating in human rights abuses, in the democratic retreat in the Central American country and to pose a "threat to national security." In its third round of sanctions against Nicaragua, the Treasury Department has risen up the political ladder to reach Rosario Murillo, the appointed vice president and wife of President Daniel Ortega, and Néstor Moncada Lau, national security adviser.
December
1 December – Independent journalists constitute a new association to defend their rights and fight against the Ortega regime.
3 December – The director of the 100% Noticias television channel, Miguel Mora, denounced on Monday that sympathizers of the Government of Nicaragua accuse him of crimes he has not committed, as part of a campaign to censor him. Nicaraguan police illegally seizes Radio Leon transmission equipment and illegally detains 4 journalists and workers of that meisora in the city of Leon in Nicaragua. Daniel Ortega lashes out at his brother, the former head of the Nicaraguan Army, Humberto Ortega, during the closing ceremony of the XVI Congress of the National Union of Students of Nicaragua (UNEN). "The general of the Army was Humberto Ortega, who with the departure of the government decided to spend with those who had won the elections, and became one more in the service of the empire," said Ortega who described him as "a pawn of the oligarchy and imperialism. "He also justified the worst massacre in the history of Nicaragua that he made since last April, and again attacked the bishops of the Episcopal Conference of Nicaragua, whom he called" criminals and terrorists. Ortega accused the bishops of having encouraged barracks and sided with the "punsheir" and attack to the Private sector and the United States. and On the other hand, the eternal sandinista student, Luis Andino in the act asked the National Council of Universities, (CNU) to eliminate the Central American University, UCA, from the budgetary allocation of 6% constitutional."Radio Darío radio station in the city of León, in western Nicaragua, said in a statement that on Monday the headquarters were besieged and their employees handcuffed and their cell phones removed in an operation of more than three hours ordered by the police of President Daniel OrtegaA statement sent to the Voice of America in the early hours of Tuesday indicated that the police ordered to "turn off" the medium that is now off the air.The text said that several patrols moved members of the police headed by the commissioner Fidel Dominguez, Chief of Police of this city, who entered the facilities after threatening to knock down the doors if they were not allowed access.
4 December – This morning the sports chronicler Miguel Mendoza was assaulted with his wife the journalist Margin Pozo, when they left their home. The subjects of unknown identity, they aimed at him, stole his truck and the belongings they carried. Cardinal Leopoldo Brenes said that the Catholic Church only provided a mediation service in the national dialogue, referring to the speech of the dictator Daniel Ortega, who on Monday night accused the bishops of having encouraged attacks and sided with the "golpistas" "Brenes, who claimed not to have listened to Ortega's words, said that "when he (Ortega) called me and I told him that he was going to consult with the Conference if we gave this service and the Episcopal Conference assumed it as a service. We are here to serve, we never want to occupy a temporary power because we serve the Church, we serve Jesus Christ, we serve our communities as pastors, "he said. The manager of Channel 10, Carlos Pastora, is in the United States after having requested protection from the Embassy of Honduras in Nicaragua, on August 22, as a result of the persecution that Daniel Ortega's regime carried out against him.The statement of the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Honduras, explained that Pastora left the country on Monday to the United States. The International Association of Broadcasting - AIR, which represents more than 17 thousand radio and television stations in the Americas, expresses its strong condemnation and rejection of the raid and closure of Radio Darío in the city of León, by the Police of Nicaragua, which took place this Monday, December 3. The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights of the Organization of the United Nations (OACNUDH) urged the Government of Nicaragua to respect freedom of expression and stop acts of siege and intimidation against journalists and independent media. The White House National Security Advisor John Bolton contrasted Tuesday the "hopeful signs" that are seen in Latin America, especially with the "enormous change" that the arrival of Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil, in front of what he calls the "troika of tyranny," composed of Cuba, Venezuela and Nicaragua. "We have to face those regimes (Nicaragua, Cuba and Venezuela) and free their people. I think that throughout the continent is not just a US project, it is increasingly a project of all democratic countries in the region," he said.
See also
Timeline of the 2020 Nicaraguan protests
References
2018 Nicaraguan protests
2018 in Nicaragua
Nicaragua
Political timelines of the 2010s by year
Nicaragua history-related lists |
The women's 10,000 metres at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics was held at the Beijing National Stadium on 24 August.
Summary
The reigning champion from 2013 Tirunesh Dibaba was absent from the competition, having decided to take a career break to start a family.
Coming into the bell, the lead pack, led by Molly Huddle had dwindled to eight, with Belaynesh Oljira and Susan Kuijken trying to hold on. The field adjusted for the final kick through the turn, Gelete Burka the first to pounce as soon as they reached the back stretch. Betsy Saina fell off the back but the rest stayed in close order drill. It took Vivian Cheruiyot another 50 metres to get pas Huddle then she quickly moved to Burka's shoulder, literally bumping shoulders a couple of times as they entered the turn. Cheruiyot moved past Burka who then followed Cheruiyot through the turn repositioning herself for a final kick coming off the turn. Burka made her move, with 100 meters to go Cheruiyot looked directly into Burka's eyes and the battle was on. For the next 50 meters they raced with Cheruiyot always maintaining the edge. Then it was clear Burka would not get there and the gap opened as Burka struggled. Huddle continued chasing, losing ground to the leaders. Behind her Emily Infeld was sprinting and moved past a celebrating Huddle just one meter before the finish line.
The top 9 runners were from just three countries. Had this been scored by cross country rules, it would be USA 13 (1:35:13.30), Kenya 14 (1:35:17.08), Ethiopia 18 (1:35:24.51). Vivian Cheruiyot returns to top the podium after winning in 2011 and not attempting to defend the title in 2013.
Records
Prior to the competition, the records were as follows:
Qualification standards
Schedule
Results
The race was started at 20:35.
References
10,000
10,000 metres at the World Athletics Championships
2015 in women's athletics |
Asylum of the Damned, Columbia Tristar (2004), also known as Hellborn, CDA Entertainment, is a 2003 horror film written by Matt McCombs, directed by Philip J Jones and starring Matt Stasi and Bruce Payne.
Plot
A young psychology student, named James Bishop (Matt Stasi), is recruited by St. Andrews Mental Hospital. He is given the opportunity to care for mentally ill patients under the tutelage of Dr McCort (Bruce Payne). James' enthusiasm for his new job soon develops into concern when some of the patients die mysteriously. When James seeks to learn more about the deaths, he notes a change in the behaviour of his colleagues. James comes to realise that a Devil has taken over the minds of the patients and that his colleagues are allowing it to harvest them.
Cast
Bruce Payne as Dr McCort
Matt Stasi as James Bishop
Tracy Scoggins as Helen
Julia Lee as Lauren
Tom Lister, Jr. as Smithy (Listed as Tom 'Tiny' Lister)
Gregory Wagrowski as Hadley
Bill McKinney as Gas Station Attendant
Randall England as Harry Smith
Kyle T. Heffner as Dr. Peter Francis
Reception
A reviewer in Fangoria stated that 'at the three-quarters mark it becomes clear that this is the old Karloff-Lugosi The Black Cat dished up anew with Payne and the nuthouse staff substituting for Boris and his cultists and a Demon added'. The reviewer stated that the filmmakers did a good job of setting the eerie stage' and that the 'movie succeeded nicely in grabbing and holding the interest'. The reviewer also stated that Bruce Payne's Dr McCort seemed 'based on some old Vincent Price performance'. Scott C. stated that he enjoyed 'Payne’s take on Dr McCort, as a charming man who enjoys being evil, but the rest of the cast is on autopilot or thorazine'. Francis Barbier described the film as a 'cinematic waste, without any trace of intelligence or originality' and 'transcendently moronic'. Ian Jane lamented that 'the film very quickly falls prey to some seriously predictable and overly cliché characters and plot points that ultimately result in a film that isn't so much scary as it is just plain boring'.
References
External links
2003 films
2003 horror films
2000s English-language films
American supernatural horror films
The Devil in film
2000s American films |
Calyptridium monandrum, synonym Cistanthe monandra, is a species of flowering plant in the family Montiaceae known by the common name common pussypaws.
The plant is native to the Southwestern United States, Southern California, and adjacent Baja California, where it grows in sandy areas such as deserts and coastal and mountain scrub habitats.
Description
Calyptridium monandrum is a fleshy, flat annual herb producing short stems which extend along the ground or spread upright from a small taproot. Thick, spoon-shaped leaves occur in a basal rosette at the base of the stem, reaching up to about 5 cm in length. There are smaller leaves along the stems.
Small inflorescences sprout from the stem bearing many flowers, each with fleshy, triangular sepals and three pink or red petals only a few millimeters long. The fruit is a translucent, oblong capsule up to six millimeters long containing several shiny, black seeds.
References
External links
Jepson Manual Treatment: Calyptridium monandrum
Cistanthe monandra — U.C. Photo gallery
Montiaceae
Flora of California
Flora of Baja California
Flora of Arizona
Flora of Nevada
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Flora of the California desert regions
Flora of the Sonoran Deserts
Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
Natural history of the Central Valley (California)
Natural history of the Colorado Desert
Natural history of the Mojave Desert
Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges
Natural history of the Santa Monica Mountains
Natural history of the Transverse Ranges |
Ice Queen may refer to:
Ice Queen (film), a 2005 American horror film
"Ice Queen" (JAG), an episode of JAG and the first part of the backdoor pilot of NCIS
"Ice Queen" (song), a song by Within Temptation
The Ice Queen, a 2005 novel by Alice Hoffman
The Ice Queen, a 2018 album by Sue Foley
Cleo Ice Queen (born 1989), Zambian hip hop recording artist
Ice Queen, the gender-swapped version of Ice King in the Adventure Time episode "Fionna and Cake"
See also
Ice King (disambiguation)
Snow Queen (disambiguation) |
1001 is a year.
1001 may also refer to:
1001 (album), a 1995 album by Dead Hot Workshop
1001 (card game), a German point-trick card game
1001 (number), a natural number
See also
A Thousand and One, a 2023 drama film
One Thousand and One Nights (disambiguation) |
```php
<?php
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
*/
namespace Google\Service\SecurityCommandCenter;
class AuditLogConfig extends \Google\Collection
{
protected $collection_key = 'exemptedMembers';
/**
* @var string[]
*/
public $exemptedMembers;
/**
* @var string
*/
public $logType;
/**
* @param string[]
*/
public function setExemptedMembers($exemptedMembers)
{
$this->exemptedMembers = $exemptedMembers;
}
/**
* @return string[]
*/
public function getExemptedMembers()
{
return $this->exemptedMembers;
}
/**
* @param string
*/
public function setLogType($logType)
{
$this->logType = $logType;
}
/**
* @return string
*/
public function getLogType()
{
return $this->logType;
}
}
// Adding a class alias for backwards compatibility with the previous class name.
class_alias(AuditLogConfig::class, 'Google_Service_SecurityCommandCenter_AuditLogConfig');
``` |
Elise Doganieri (born April 21, 1967) is an American co-creator and co-executive producer of the CBS reality show The Amazing Race. Doganieri's other credits include serving as show producer of ABC's Profiles From the Front Line as well as producer and story editor on the pilot for Paramount's "Wild Things."
The Amazing Race is a reality adventure series follows teams of two (teams of four in season 8) racing around the world for a one million dollar prize. The show hit its 100th episode mark in the fall of 2005 during its ninth season. The show has won the top reality series Emmy for seven years in a row. In 2004, received the Producers Guild Award. The series, which premiered in 2001, is produced by Earthview Inc. the production company that Elise Doganieri runs with her husband Bertram van Munster along with Bruckheimer TV and Touchstone TV.
Elise Doganieri is also an executive producer of Oprah Winfrey's reality show Oprah's Big Give. and of The Quest television series.
Doganieri lives in Los Angeles with her husband Bertram van Munster and their daughter Ava.
References
External links
1967 births
Living people
American television producers
American women television producers
American reality television producers
Primetime Emmy Award winners
21st-century American women |
Auke Adema (4 October 1907 – 31 March 1976) was a Dutch skater. He won the Elfstedentocht, the world's largest speed skating competition twice. In the sixth race in 1940 he controversially shared the victory with Durk van der Duim, Cor Jongert, Piet Keijzer and Sjouke Westra. In Dokkum they had made a conspiracy to cross the finish line together. This became known as the Pact of Dokkum. The practice of non competitive finishing was outlawed after this. Adema won the seventh Elfstedentocht by himself on 6 February 1941 in a time of 9 hours 19 minutes, a race record. In the race he broke away from the pack with two others to have an early lead. However, when stopping to eat a sausage with Joop Bosman at Workum, other skaters managed to get ahead, but Adema overtook and won by three minutes over Bosman.
References
External links
film of the 1941 race
Elfstedentocht 1941 (Harlingen)
Geschiedenis24 Image
1907 births
1976 deaths
Dutch male speed skaters
Sportspeople from Friesland
People from Franekeradeel
20th-century Dutch people |
The Man Made of Words: Essays, Stories, Passages, written by N. Scott Momaday and published in 1997, is a collection of stories and essays written over a period of more than 30 years. The selections are grouped into three parts.
The first part, titled "The Man Made of Words," includes ten selections that reflect on, among other subjects, the sacred, written and oral traditions, ancient cave paintings as language, love of the land and landscape, and the differences between how Native Americans and whites perceive the world, often drawing on examples from his Kiowa heritage.
The second part, "Essays in Place," explores how stories and life take place in place, and his view that the sacred is there, where words and place come together. This topic unfolds through the course of nine selections, with narratives drawn from his Kiowa heritage, Navajo place names, ancient cave paintings, and his visits to spiritual places in Zagorsk, Bavaria, and Granada.
The final part, "The Storyteller and his Art," contains 19 selections, most of which are no more than two pages. These vignettes often include a story from Momaday's past or a story that was related to him, and an insight into the art of storytelling drawn from the telling of that story.
Reviews
The book received numerous positive reviews. For example, Kirkus Reviews wrote, "The best pieces in the book, such as a wonderful essay on Navajo place names, combine this ethic with a profound attention to local knowledge and old ways of knowing; echoing Borges, Momaday proclaims that for him paradise is a library, but also 'a prairie and a plain . . . [and] the place of words in a state of grace.'"
John Motyka wrote in The New York Times, "He writes that it is the 'perilous and compelling' nature of language and storytelling that fascinates him. He celebrates the spoken word, 'an indigenous expression, an utterance that proceeds from the very intelligence of the soil: the oral tradition.'"
Among the reviews in literary and trade journals are comments such as these:
"A recurrent theme throughout the collection is the decline and loss of the sacred."
"Its enduring power is the verity of its central message that oral stories shape the identities of persons and yield infinite layers of meanings for those who attend to the possibilities."
"In this volume, Momaday collects stories and essays written over the past 30 years that focus on language, the land, and the relationship between Native Americans and whites. ... This volume is a good addition to, but not a substitute for, the author's poetry and fiction. Highly recommended for public and academic libraries."
"In this new collection of essays and articles, the author of the Pulitzer Prize winning novel House Made of Dawn describes the differences between the European written tradition and the oral tradition of Native Americans, muses on the nature of place and, most of all, proves that he is not just a great Native American writer but a great American writer."
"Momaday's reminiscences of tribal elders, his lively way with a traditional story, his wonder at natural beauty--these are not mere embellishments on the political analysis that he weaves into the essays; rather, they are vital components of Momaday's complex way with words."
"In this masterful new collection of essays and articles, it is clearer than ever that he is not simply a very good "Indian" writer, but a great American writer."
"These anecdotes are charming, moving, simple, and profound, in the best sense of those terms."
References
Works by N. Scott Momaday
St. Martin's Press books |
Pope John may refer to:
Pope John I (523–526)
Pope John II (533–535)
Pope John III (561–574)
Pope John IV (640–642)
Pope John V (685–686)
Pope John VI (701–705)
Pope John VII (705–707)
Antipope John VIII (844)
Pope John VIII (872–882)
Pope John IX (898–900)
Pope John X (914–928)
Pope John XI (931–935)
Pope John XII (955–964)
Pope John XIII (965–972)
Pope John XIV (983–984)
Pope John XV (985–996)
Antipope John XVI (997–998)
Pope John XVII (1003)
Pope John XVIII (1003–1009)
Pope John XIX (1024–1032)
Pope John XX (the number XX was skipped)
Pope John XXI (1276–1277)
Pope John XXII (1316–1334)
Antipope John XXIII (1410–1415)
Pope John XXIII (1958–1963)
Another 19 Popes John in the List of Coptic Orthodox Popes of Alexandria
See also
John Pope (disambiguation)
Pope John (numbering), more details
List of popes
Pope John Paul (disambiguation), named after John XXIII and Paul VI, the only papal double name
Pope Joan, according to legend, a female pope who reigned as John VIII
Pope John of Alexandria (disambiguation)
John |
Brad Willis may refer to:
Brad Willis (Neighbours), a character on the Australian soap opera Neighbours
Brad Willis (journalist) (born 1949), former NBC News foreign correspondent |
```smalltalk
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace ConsoleApp_net452_EF6.Entities
{
public partial class Country
{
[System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Usage", "CA2214:DoNotCallOverridableMethodsInConstructors")]
public Country()
{
KendoGridEmployee = new HashSet<Employee>();
}
public long Id { get; set; }
public string Code { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
[System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Usage", "CA2227:CollectionPropertiesShouldBeReadOnly")]
public virtual ICollection<Employee> KendoGridEmployee { get; set; }
}
}
``` |
Finnish Ladoga Naval Detachment () was a Finnish naval unit stationed on Lake Ladoga between 1920–1940 and 1941–1944.
Background
The Treaty of Tartu was signed by the Russians and the Finns in 1920. It included terms which limited the size of naval vessels on Ladoga to 100 tons, and the calibre of their armament to a maximum of 47 mm. When the Finns embarked on their naval rebuilding program in the early 1930s, some vessels were purposely designed to fit this 100 t limitation, including a small submarine. The Finns, however, found more use for their few vessels in the Baltic Sea, and therefore had only a few small patrol boats on the lake. As the clouds of war began to draw closer the Finns had to improvise.
Winter War
The Winter War began on 30 November 1939 when the Soviet Union attacked Finland, nullifying the Treaty of Tartu. The Finns hastily gathered a small flotilla, consisting of the icebreaker Aallokas, the improvised gunboats Aunus, Vulcan and Tarmo, as well as Hercules, Kiviniemi, Yrjö, Voima, S I, N K af Klecker and a number of transport vessels to protect its sea front and islands. The largest ship among this group was the icebreaker Aallokas, whose commander Captain-Lieutenant Asikainen also commanded the gunboats. There were no major naval battles in the open waters of Lake Ladoga during 1939 - 1940, so the fleet units were tasked with fire support against the attacking Red Army, and spreading mines along the coastal areas. By January 1940 the ice became so thick that only Aallokas could be used, and she was damaged in an attack by Soviet aircraft on February 2. After the peace on March 13 the Finnish vessels had to be left at Ladoga, which had become a Soviet lake. Some of the vessels were later integrated into the Soviet Ladoga flotilla.
Vessels
Listing (not necessarily exhaustive) of wartime vessels and their armament
Continuation War
When Finnish forces in the Continuation War reached lake Ladoga in 1941, they found the Soviets had evacuated nearly every serviceable vessel to the southern shore of the lake. On 22 September 1941 the Finns captured a Soviet transport vessel (formerly Latvian coastal transport Ilga) which was pressed into service as the transport vessel Aunus. Other vessels available were small armed fishing boats, like 15 ton Kukkapää.
Initial Finnish naval assets consisted of small motor boats which had been small enough to be transported from Finland overland. These were used already on 16-17 August 1941 to mount a landing operation on Markatsiman (ru: Ostrov Markatsiman-Sari) island which was lightly defended and fell quickly. The next notable action was the Finnish landing operation on Rahmansaari island on 7-10 September. While the initial landing operation was successful the strong Soviet naval response and Soviet reinforcements which managed to reach the island prolonged the operation. Finnish artillery managed to prevent further Soviet naval support to the land forces which led to surrender of the remaining 130 Soviet soldiers on 10 September. The Finns had intended to mount further landing operations to secure the island of Valamo but the Soviets withdrew from there as well as from most of the other islands on the lake voluntarily. Finnish forces took control of the island of Valamo on 20 September and the island of Konevitsa on 25 September.
Since Soviet forces remained inactive on lake Ladoga for the rest of 1941 Finnish naval forces concentrated on security and transport duties. After the Finns had captured maps of the Soviet naval minefields on the lake several boats were detailed for minesweeping duties which yielded no results nor losses. In the spring of 1942 the Finnish commander made recommendations to German leadership past Finnish HQs leading to the formation of Naval Detachment K, which included adding the Finnish motor torpedo boat Sisu to the lake. They were also joined in the summer of 1942 by a German unit, the Einsatzstab Fähre Ost (EFO), of armed Siebel ferries. Operations of the Naval Detachment K or EFO had very limited success.
When Germany decided to withdraw its naval assets from Ladoga in late 1942, the Finns bought two of the Siebel ferries, T-2 and T-17. Later, when the Soviets' 1944 offensive against the Finns began, Germany transferred four MAL-type ferries - M-31, M-32, M-33 and M-34 - originally intended for use on Lake Peipus, to the Finns on Ladoga. The Finnish Navy also transferred several small run-down naval vessels to the lake, the motor torpedo boats Syöksy, and Vinha, which were no longer in adequate condition to carry torpedoes.
The lake remained mostly quiet until the Soviet offensive of 1944 started. While Finnish naval forces on the lake remained passive during the Soviet landings at Tuloksa on 23 June they did play a key role in facilitating the Finnish evacuations from the eastern shore of lake Ladoga. After the evacuations the light naval assets successfully protected the flank of the land front and repulsed Soviet attempts to penetrate to the northern part of lake Ladoga until mid July when Soviet naval activity on the lake started to decrease. The majority of the ships and boats used by the Finns were evacuated overland to Finland after the Moscow Armistice.
Vessels
Listing (not necessarily exhaustive) of wartime vessels and their armament
References
Naval units and formations of Finland
Military units and formations disestablished in the 1940s
Military units and formations of Finland in World War II |
The Three-child policy (), whereby a couple can have three children, is a family planning policy in the People's Republic of China. The policy was announced on 31 May 2021 at a meeting of the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), chaired by CCP General Secretary, Xi Jinping, on population aging. In July 2023, the government announced the abolishment of all fines and fees associated with having more children, effectively removing government limits on the number of children a family can have.
The announcement came after the release of the results of the Seventh National Population Census, which showed that the number of births in mainland China in 2020 was only 12 million, the lowest number of births since 1960, and the further aging of the population, against which the policy was born. This was the slowest population growth rate China experienced. The state-owned Chinese news agency, Xinhua, stated that this policy would be accompanied by supportive measures to maintain China's advantage in human labor. However, some Chinese citizens expressed dissatisfaction with the policy, as they would be unable to raise children due to the high cost of living in China.
The policy was adopted by the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and State Council of the People's Republic of China in June 2021 and announced in July. In August the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress amended the family planning law cancelling restrictive measures including fines for couples having more children than permitted.
Background
Beginning in 1979, China implemented the one-child policy, which stipulated that a couple could only have one child, resulting in a declining new population and a rapidly aging society. In order to slow down the trend of population aging, in 2015, the CCP officially launched the two-child policy, which relaxed the birth restrictions. However, the policy did not result in the expected wave of births, and the pregnancy rate among young women continued to show a record low decline, experiencing a third consecutive year of decrease. In this regard, during the 2020 National People's Congress (NPC) session, NPC deputy Huang Xihua suggested removing the penalty policy for having more than three children. Previously, the fine, called a "social upbringing fee" or "social maintenance fee", was the punishment for the families having more than one child. According to the policy, the families violating the law brought the burden to the whole society. Therefore, the social maintenance fee was used for the operation of local governments.
Reactions
A January 2022 study suggested allowing a third child would not significantly boost fertility in the short term.
In January 2023, the government of Sichuan Province announced that it had abolished the three-child policy completely, allowing parents in Sichuan to legally have as many children as they want.
See also
One-child policy
Population history of China
Tax on childlessness
Two-child policy
References
2021 introductions
2021 establishments in China
Birth control law and case law
Demographics of China
Human overpopulation
One-child policy
Population ecology |
Pultenaea campbellii commonly known as New England bush-pea or ragged bush-pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is an erect shrub with linear leaves and yellow-orange flowers arranged near the ends of branchlets.
Description
Pultenaea campbellii is an erect shrub that typically grows to a height of up to and has stems covered with soft hairs pressed against the surface. The leaves are linear, concave, long and wide that have stipules long at the base and the edges rolled upwards. The flowers are borne near the ends of the branchlets in dense groups with leaves with enlarged stipules at the base of the head. The flowers are yellow-orange and long, each flower on a pedicel long with narrow egg-shaped bracteoles long at the base of the sepals. The sepals are long.
Taxonomy and naming
Pultenaea campbellii was first formally described in 1899 by Joseph Maiden and Ernst Betche in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales from specimens collected by John Fauna Campbell at "Grave-yard Creek, near Walcha" in 1898.
Distribution and habitat
This pultenaea grows in forest between Glen Innes and Nundle in the New England Tableland of northern New South Wales.
Conservation status
This pea was previously listed as "vulnerable" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the New South Wales Government Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 but was delisted in 1999.
References
campbellii
Flora of New South Wales
Plants described in 1899
Taxa named by Joseph Maiden
Taxa named by Ernst Betche |
In Greek mythology, Acragas or Akragas (Greek: Ἀκράγας), was said to be a son of Zeus and the Oceanid Asterope, and the eponym of the town of Acragas (modern Agrigento) in Sicily.
Notes
References
Billerbeck, Margarethe, Stephani Byzantii Ethnica: Volumen I: Α–Γ, Walter de Gruyter, 2006. .
Meineke, August, Stephani Byzantii Ethnicorvm quae svpersvnt, Berolini: Impensis G. Reimeri, 1849. Internet Archive.
Smith, William; Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London (1873). "Acragas" .
Sicily
Children of Zeus |
The 1999 NCAA Division I-AA football rankings are from the Sports Network poll of Division I-AA head coaches, athletic directors, sports information directors and media members. This is for the 1999 season.
Legend
The Sports Network poll
References
Rankings
NCAA Division I FCS football rankings |
The men's 80 kg competition in taekwondo at the 2022 Mediterranean Games was held on 4 July at the Mohammed Ben Ahmed Convention Centre in Oran.
Results
Legend
PTG — Won by Points Gap
SUP — Won by superiority
OT — Won on over time (Golden Point)
DQ — Won by disqualification
PUN — Won by punitive declaration
WD — Won by withdrawal
References
M80 |
The Hit is a 1984 British road crime film directed by Stephen Frears, and starring John Hurt, Terence Stamp, Laura del Sol and Tim Roth in his film debut. It was Stamp's first starring role in over a decade, and Roth won an Evening Standard Award for Most Promising Newcomer. The title music is provided by Eric Clapton and Roger Waters. Spanish flamenco guitarist Paco de Lucia performed the soundtrack music. The film was released by The Criterion Collection on DVD in April 2009 and on Blu-ray in October 2020.
Plot
London gangster Willie Parker gives evidence against his criminal compatriots in return for a very generous offer from the police.As he is led from the witness box at his trial, they begin singing the Vera Lynn song "We'll Meet Again".
Ten years later, Parker is living in comfortable retirement in Spain. Four Spanish youths kidnap him and deliver him to British hit man Braddock and his sidekick Myron, hired by the kingpin that Parker helped put away. In the course of the kidnapping, the youths run down a Spanish policeman who has been assigned to guard Parker. Three of the youths are killed by a bomb in a briefcase handed to them by Braddock, which they believe contains their payment.
Braddock is a world-weary professional killer while Myron is his perky but volatile young apprentice. Parker quickly adopts a carefree demeanour, later explaining that he's had ten years to accept death as a simple part of life.
Braddock has the key to an apartment in Madrid where the owner is away and orders Myron to drive there. When they walk into the apartment however, they find the place occupied by an acquaintance of the owner. He is Harry, a middle-aged Australian with a young apparently non-English speaking Spanish girlfriend Maggie, who comes home as they are talking. Parker mischievously announces his identity to them, causing Braddock to take the girl with them as insurance. Harry gives them the keys to the owner's white Mercedes which is brought to the underground garage where the group leave their previous car. As they are about to leave, Parker makes a comment that causes Braddock to doubt that Harry will keep quiet and he goes back up to the flat and kills him.
The group head toward the French border intending to reach Paris, where the kingpin against whom Parker testified is apparently awaiting their arrival. All the while, Parker sows seeds of discord between the two hit men. The Spanish police, led by a senior inspector, begin following the trail of bodies.
Stopping at a roadside bar to buy beers, Myron is laughed at by four youths, so he attacks them and then runs for the car. Myron has developed sympathy for Maggie and feels protective of her. Braddock himself has a confrontation with her when they are alone in which she reveals she understands English and also bites his hand, drawing blood, from which he appears to derive some form of masochistic pleasure.
Braddock drives up a track leading to a wood by a river where they can rest up. Leaving Myron with Parker, he takes Maggie with him to get petrol for the car. Maggie tries to alert the station attendant to her plight, forcing Braddock to kill the young man. Braddock chases after the girl but is unable or unwilling to shoot her. They return to find Myron has fallen asleep and allowed Parker to slip away. Braddock finds him gazing at a waterfall. Parker tells him he’s not afraid, that death is just a stage in the journey.
The next day, Braddock stops the car at an isolated hillside ten miles from the border and announces that he has scrapped the plans to go to Paris. He relieves Myron of his gun and flings it into the scrub. Suddenly afraid, Parker insists that he cannot die until he gets to Paris. Braddock shoots him in the back as he flees. He then turns the pistol on Myron and kills him. Maggie surprises him and they wrestle violently. During the struggle, Braddock fires the last shot into the air and knocks Maggie unconscious. He leaves her alive and drives to a secluded spot where he changes into hiking clothes and walks off through the forest.
The police find Maggie and the two bodies. As Braddock attempts to cross the border on foot, Maggie identifies him to the police, who shoot him as he tries to escape. The police attempt to question the dying Braddock, but he only winks at Maggie.
Cast
Terence Stamp as Willie Parker
John Hurt as Mitchell Braddock
Tim Roth as Myron
Laura del Sol as Maggie
Bill Hunter as Harry
Fernando Rey as Senior Policeman
Lennie Peters as Mr Corrigan
Willoughby Gray as Judge
Jim Broadbent as Barrister
Reception
At review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film is certified "fresh" with an overall approval rating of 89% from 18 reviews, with an average rating of 8.1/10. On Metacritic, The Hit has a rank of 75 out of a 100 based on nine critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote about the actors: "These guys don't have to use guns. All they have to do is open their mouths and bore each other to death".
Director Wes Anderson ranked it the fifth best British film.
References
External links
Chef du Cinema: The Hit an essay by Ron Deutsch at the Criterion Collection
1980s crime drama films
1984 independent films
1984 films
1980s psychological thriller films
British crime drama films
British psychological thriller films
1980s English-language films
1980s Spanish-language films
Films directed by Stephen Frears
Films set in Spain
Films shot in London
Films shot in Madrid
Films shot in Spain
British independent films
Films produced by Jeremy Thomas
Films scored by Eric Clapton
1984 multilingual films
British multilingual films
1980s British films |
is a Japanese voice actress who is represented by Aksent. She is most known for the roles of Yuki Mori (Space Battleship Yamato) and Saeko Nogami (City Hunter). Her married name is .
Asagmi was born in Otaru, Hokkaidō. In 1952, she began to study traditional Japanese storytelling kōdan under the master . By 2004, she had risen to become a star kōdanshi. When she performs as a storyteller, she goes by the art name . Since 2012, even the work of voice actor has started using the name of Ichiryūsai Harumi.
In 2022, she won the Merit Award at the 16th Seiyu Awards.
Filmography
Television animation
1970s
Space Battleship Yamato (1974) – Yuki Mori
La Seine no Hoshi (1975) – Michelle
Blocker Gundan 4 Machine Blaster (1976) – Yuka Hōjō
Galaxy Express 999 (1978) – Claire, Kasumi
Majokko Tickle (1978) – Tiko
1980s
The Littl' Bits (1980) – Belfy, or "Lillabit" in the U.S. version
Space Runaway Ideon (1980) – Harulu Ajiba
Urusei Yatsura (1981) – Miki (ep. 39)
Igano Kabamaru (1983) – Kaoru Nonogusa
Sherlock Hound (1984) – Marie Hudson
City Hunter (1987) – Saeko Nogami
City Hunter 2 (1988) – Saeko Nogami
City Hunter 3 (1989) – Saeko Nogami
1990s
City Hunter '91 (1991) – Saeko Nogami
Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon (1992) – Fraw
Thumbelina: A Magical Story (1992) – Mama
Detective Conan (1998) – Yōko Asanuma
Omishi Magical Theater: Risky Safety (1999) – Narrator, Adachi
2000s
PaRappa The Rapper (2001) – Miss Stew (Ep.11)
The Galaxy Railways (2003) – Layla Destiny Shura, Kanna Yuuki
Angel Heart (2005) – Saeko Nogami
Blue Drop (2007) – Shivariel, Blue AI
Koihime Musō (2008) – Shibaki Suikyō
2010s
Star Twinkle PreCure (2019) – Yōko Hoshina
Original video animation (OVA)
Urotsukidoji (1987) - Akemi Ito
Teito Monogatari (1991) – Keiko Mekata
Yamato 2520 (1995) – Amesis
Queen Emeraldas (1998) – Baraluda
Yukikaze (2002) – Rydia Cooley
Films
Space Battleship Yamato (1977) – Yuki Mori
Farewell to Space Battleship Yamato (1978) – Yuki Mori
Galaxy Express 999 series (1979–1981) – Claire, Metalmena
Space Runaway Ideon: A Contact & Be Invoked (1982) – Harulu Ajiba
Final Yamato (1983) – Yuki Mori
City Hunter series (1989–2023) – Saeko Nogami
Doraemon: Nobita's Great Adventure in the South Seas (1998) – Rufin
Okko's Inn (2018) – Mineko
Video games
Ogre Battle: The March of the Black Queen (1996) – Norn
Super Robot Wars Alpha Gaiden (2001) – Machiko Valencia
Super Robot Wars NEO (2009) – Machiko Valencia
Syphon Filter (1999) – Lian Xing
Dubbing
1941 – Betty Douglas (Dianne Kay)
The Amazing Spider-Man – Aunt May (Sally Field)
The Amazing Spider-Man 2 – Aunt May (Sally Field)
The Big Brawl – Nancy (Kristine DeBell)
Cats & Dogs – Mrs. Caroline Brody (Elizabeth Perkins)
Death on the Nile – Mrs. Bowers (Dawn French)
Four Christmases – Marilyn (Mary Steenburgen)
Legally Blonde 2: Red, White & Blonde – Representative Victoria Rudd (Sally Field)
The Man from Hong Kong – Angelica Pearson (Rebecca Gilling)
The Namesake – Ashima Ganguli (Tabu)
Nicky Larson and Cupid's Perfume – Hélène Lamberti (Sophie Mousel)
On Her Majesty's Secret Service (1979 TBS edition) – Olympe (Virginia North)
Police Story 2 – May (Maggie Cheung)
The Reincarnation of Peter Proud – Ann Curtis (Jennifer O'Neill)
West Side Story (1979 TBS edition) – Rosalia (Suzie Kaye)
Accolades
Merit Award at the 16th Seiyu Awards (2022)
References
External links
Harumi no Heya
Aksent profile
1952 births
20th-century Japanese actresses
21st-century Japanese actresses
Japanese voice actresses
Living people
People from Otaru
People from Fujisawa, Kanagawa |
```java
package org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.methods.send;
import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.SuperBuilder;
import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.methods.botapimethods.PartialBotApiMethod;
import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.InputFile;
import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.ReplyParameters;
import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.replykeyboard.ReplyKeyboard;
import java.io.Serializable;
@NoArgsConstructor(access = AccessLevel.PROTECTED)
@SuperBuilder
public abstract class SendMediaBotMethod<T extends Serializable> extends PartialBotApiMethod<T> {
public static final String CHAT_ID_FIELD = "chat_id";
public static final String MESSAGE_THREAD_ID_FIELD = "message_thread_id";
public static final String REPLY_TO_MESSAGE_ID_FIELD = "reply_to_message_id";
public static final String DISABLE_NOTIFICATION_FIELD = "disable_notification";
public static final String PROTECT_CONTENT_FIELD = "protect_content";
public static final String ALLOW_SENDING_WITHOUT_REPLY_FIELD = "allow_sending_without_reply";
public static final String REPLY_PARAMETERS_FIELD = "reply_parameters";
public static final String REPLY_MARKUP_FIELD = "reply_markup";
public static final String MESSAGE_EFFECT_ID_FIELD = "message_effect_id";
public abstract String getChatId();
public abstract Integer getMessageThreadId();
public abstract Integer getReplyToMessageId();
public abstract Boolean getDisableNotification();
public abstract Boolean getAllowSendingWithoutReply();
public abstract Boolean getProtectContent();
public abstract InputFile getFile();
public abstract String getFileField();
public abstract ReplyParameters getReplyParameters();
public abstract ReplyKeyboard getReplyMarkup();
public abstract String getMessageEffectId();
public static abstract class SendMediaBotMethodBuilder<T extends Serializable, C extends SendMediaBotMethod<T>, B extends SendMediaBotMethodBuilder<T, C, B>> extends PartialBotApiMethodBuilder<T, C, B> {
}
}
``` |
Third World Press (TWP) is the largest independent black-owned press in the United States, founded in 1967 by Haki R. Madhubuti (then known as Don L. Lee), with early support from Johari Amini and Carolyn Rodgers. Since the 1960s, the company has focused on publishing culturally progressive and political books of fiction and non-fiction, poetry, and cross-genre work.
History
Madhubuti recalled a pivotal encounter that led him to publishing. In 1960, as a teenager traveling to sell magazine subscriptions door-to-door, he visited a home in Springfield, Illinois. The door was opened by "a very sophisticated African-American man" who invited him in, fed him, and offered him advice. "He said, 'Young man, the one thing no one can take away from you is an education,'" as Madhubuti recalled. The man encouraged him to enroll in college and gave him $20, about $160 today. Afterwards, Madhubuti said he returned to Chicago "determined to build something of his own".
In Chicago, he became active in the Black Arts Movement, within which Gwendolyn Brooks became a literary mentor and model. In December 1967, Madhubuti met with poet and activist Carolyn Rodgers and Johari Amini in the basement of his South Side apartment in Chicago to launch Third World Press (TWP) as an outlet for African-American literature. With $400 earned from poetry readings, a mimeograph machine, and Dudley Randall's home-based Broadside Press as a business model, Madhubuti began operation. By 2007, the company continued to thrive in a multimillion-dollar facility. It is the stated mission of TWP "to always honor Black writers and artists and to celebrate artists of all cultures".
In May 2011, Third World Press developed and launched TWPBooks.com, which replaced the former ThirdWorldPressInc.com. TWPBooks.com leverages the heritage and technological spirit for which Third World Press has come to be known. Under the direction of Madhudbuti, Third World Press has embraced social media and the prevalence of eBooks, while upgrading its internal technologies to better serve customers of Third World Press.
In 2015, Madhubuti converted Third World Press into the non-profit Third World Press Foundation. Explaining the change, he told Publishers Weekly that the company "needed a new, more realistic business model for our authors". In addition to its publishing operation, the foundation runs a pair of charter schools and one private school using a curriculum that incorporates African thought and culture that serves children from preschool through eighth grade.
Notable works and authors
Third World Press has published works by Pulitzer Prize-winning author Gwendolyn Brooks, as well as by Sonia Sanchez, Sterling Plumpp and Pearl Cleage. The list of authors published by TWP also includes Amiri Baraka, Margaret Walker, Sam Greenlee, Naomi Long Madgett, Keorapetse Kgositsile, Mari Evans, Kalamu ya Salaam, Gloria Naylor, Gil Scott-Heron, Chancellor Williams, George E. Kent and many others.
In 2006, The Covenant with Black America, with an introduction by Tavis Smiley, reached No. 1 in the ''New York Times Best Seller list.
The poet Parneshia Jones, director of Northwestern University Press, began her publishing career as an intern at Third World Press.
See also
African-American book publishers in the United States, 1960–80
Notes
External links
Third World Press website.
Third World Press Facebook Page
1967 establishments in Illinois
Companies based in Chicago
Publishing companies established in 1967
Publishing companies of the United States |
The Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security (abbreviated CHS) is an independent, nonprofit organization of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The center works to protect people's health from epidemics and pandemics and ensures that communities are resilient to major challenges. The center is also concerned with biological weapons and the biosecurity implications of emerging biotechnology.
The Center for Health Security gives policy recommendations to the United States government, the World Health Organization and the UN Biological Weapons Convention.
History
The Center for Health Security began as the Johns Hopkins Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies (CCBS) in 1998 at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. D. A. Henderson served as the founding director. At that time, the center was the first and only academic center focused on biosecurity policy and practice.
At one point around 2003, CHS had become part of a new umbrella organization called the Institute for Global Health and Security at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
In November 2003, some of the leaders left Johns Hopkins to join the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), and launched their own Center for Biosecurity of UPMC. This move apparently split the organization in two, and it is unclear what happened to the old organization.
On April 30, 2013, the UPMC Center changed its name from "Center for Biosecurity of UPMC" to "UPMC Center for Health Security". This name change reflected a broadening of the scope of CHS's work.
In January 2017, the JHU Center became part of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Its domain name changed from upmchealthsecurity.org to centerforhealthsecurity.org.
Funding
In 2002, the center received a $1 million grant from the US federal government.
Before 2017, CHS was heavily reliant on government funding.
In January 2017, the Open Philanthropy Project awarded a $16 million grant over three years to the Center for Health Security. Another grant of $19.5 million was awarded in September 2019.
Publications
The Center for Health Security publishes three online newsletters:
Clinicians' Biosecurity News (formerly the Clinicians' Biosecurity Network Report), published twice each month
Health Security Headlines, a news digest published 3 times a week (previously called Biosecurity Briefing, then Biosecurity News in Brief starting in 2009, then Biosecurity News Today starting in 2010 or 2011, and finally Health Security Headlines starting in 2013; the digest used to also be weekly until in February 2009, HSH was published daily from 2009 until late 2021 when it was changed to 3 times per week to accommodate the COVID-19 Update briefings published twice a week since January 2020)
Preparedness Pulsepoints, published weekly
It maintains and edits a peer reviewed journal Health Security which is part of the Mary Ann Liebert publishing group.
It also provides editorial oversight for the journal Health Security, which was launched in 2003 and called Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science until 2015.
CHS published the blog The Bifurcated Needle until 2020.
The Open Philanthropy Project's grant writeup of CHS noted several publications:
The center has published in journals including JAMA and The Lancet. A full list of publications is available on the CHS website. , the list shows more than 400 publications.
Major conferences and tabletop exercises
Operation Dark Winter
From June 22–23, 2001, CHS co-hosted Operation Dark Winter, a senior-level bioterrorism attack simulation involving a covert and widespread smallpox attack on the United States.
Atlantic Storm
On January 14, 2005, CHS helped to host Atlantic Storm, a table-top smallpox bioterrorism simulation.
Clade X
On May 15, 2018, the Center hosted Clade X, a day-long pandemic tabletop exercise that simulated a series of National Security Council–convened meetings of 10 US government leaders, played by individuals prominent in the fields of national security or epidemic response.
Drawing from actual events, Clade X identified important policy issues and preparedness challenges that could be solved with sufficient political will and attention. These issues were designed in a narrative to engage and educate the participants and the audience.
Clade X was livestreamed on Facebook and extensive materials from the exercise are available online.
Event 201
On October 18, 2019, the CHS partnered with the World Economic Forum and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to host the tabletop exercise Event 201 in New York City. According to the CHS, "the exercise illustrated areas where public/private partnerships will be necessary during the response to a severe pandemic in order to diminish large-scale economic and societal consequences".
Event 201 simulated the effects of a fictional coronavirus passing to humans via infected pig farms in Brazil with "no possibility of a vaccine being available in the first year". The simulation ended after 18 months with 65 million deaths from the coronavirus.
Other
Improving Epidemic Response: Building Bridges Between the US and China. May 2012.
Considerations for the Reauthorization of the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act (PAHPA). March 2012.
U.S. Preparedness for a Nuclear Detonation. October 2011.
Charting the Future of Biosecurity: Ten Years After the Anthrax Attacks. October 2011.
Advancing US Resilience to a Nuclear Catastrophe. May 2011.
Preserving National Security: The Growing Role of the Life Sciences. March 2011.
Improving Global Health, Strengthening Global Security. November 2010.
The State of BIOPreparedness: Lessons from Leaders, Proposals for Progress. September 2010.
Preparing to Save Lives and Recover After a Nuclear Detonation: Implications for US Policy. April 2010.
The 2009 H1N1 Experience: Policy Implications for Future Infectious Disease Emergencies. March 2010.
Resilient American Communities: Progress In Practice and Policy. December 10, 2009.
Prevention of Biothreats: A Look Ahead. October 6, 2009.
Disease, Disaster, and Democracy: The Public's Stake in Health Emergency Planning. May 2006.
Bulls, Bears, and Birds: Preparing the Financial Industry for a Pandemic. September 2005.
Conference on Biosafety and Biorisks. May 2005.
The Public as an Asset, Not a Problem: A Summit on Leadership During Bioterrorism. February 2003.
2nd National Symposium on Medical and Public Health Response to Bioterrorism. November 2000.
National Symposium on Medical and Public Health Response to Bioterrorism. February 1999.
See also
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
Anti-terrorism legislation
Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
Center for Strategic and International Studies
Convention on Biological Diversity
Council of Europe Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism
Crimson Contagion
European BioSafety Association
European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training
Eurosurveillance
Global catastrophic risk
Global Health Security Initiative
Health Threat Unit
International Health Regulations
Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response
Open Philanthropy Project § Biosecurity
Operation Dark Winter
Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013
Public Health Emergency Preparedness
PublicHealthEmergency.gov
References
External links
"Experts predicted a coronavirus pandemic years ago. Now it's playing out before our eyes" CNN
"SPARS Pandemic Scenario"
The Bifurcated Needle, the Center for Health Security's blog
Clinicians' Biosecurity News, a twice monthly newsletter published by the Center
Rad Resilient City; Rad Resilient City Preparedness Checklist Actions
Health think tanks
Public health organizations
University of Pittsburgh
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Think tanks based in the United States
Nonpartisan organizations in the United States
1998 establishments in the United States
Think tanks established in 1998 |
Drosera bicolor is an erect perennial tuberous species in the genus Drosera that is endemic to Western Australia. It produces a basal rosette of leaves similar to that of D. peltata and the stem grows to high. Its white flowers that have a red spot near the petal base emerge from September to October. D. bicolor grows in deep silica sand on heathland along the upper Phillips River and south-east of Lake King.
Drosera bicolor was first described by Allen Lowrie and Sherwin Carlquist in 1992. Lowrie notes in his book Carnivorous Plants of Australia that this species is distinct from other related species, including D. peltata and D. salina, by its bicoloured flowers and the arrangement of its petioles and number of flowers. Some, however, consider this species to simply be a variety or synonymous with D. peltata, though this opinion has not been formally published.
See also
List of Drosera species
References
Gibson, R. 2012. Drosera bicolor Lowrie & Carlquist. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 41(4): 128–131.
External links
Carnivorous plants of Australia
Caryophyllales of Australia
Eudicots of Western Australia
Plants described in 1992
bicolor |
This is a list of state leaders in the 12th century (1101–1200) AD, except for the many leaders within the Holy Roman Empire.
Africa
Africa: Central
Chad
Kanem Empire (Kanem–Bornu) (complete list) –
Dunama I, Mai (1080–1133)
Bir I, Mai (1133–1160)
Abdallah I, Mai (1160–1176)
Salmama I, Mai (1176–1203)
Africa: East
Ethiopia
Zagwe dynasty of Ethiopia (complete list) –
Kedus Harbe, Negus (c.1079–c.1119)
Gebre Mesqel Lalibela, Negus (1189–1229)
Somalia
Sultanate of Ifat: Walashma dynasty (complete list) –
ʿUmar DunyaHuz, Sultan (1185–1228)
Africa: Northeast
Egypt
Fatimid Caliphate (complete list) –
al-Musta'li, Caliph (1094–1101)
al-Amir bi-Ahkami'l-Lah, Caliph (1101–1130)
al-Hafiz, Caliph (1130–1149)
al-Zafir, Caliph (1149–1154)
al-Fa'iz bi-Nasr Allah, Caliph (1154–1160)
al-Adid, Caliph (1160–1171)
Sudan
Makuria (complete list) –
Georgios IV, King (1130–1158)
Moses Georgios, King (c.1158)
Africa: Northcentral
Ifriqiya
Zirid dynasty (complete list) –
Tamim ibn al-Mu'izz, ruler (1062–1108)
Yahya ibn Tamim, ruler (1108–1131)
Ali ibn Yahya, ruler (1115–1121)
Abul-Hasan al-Hasan ibn Ali, ruler (1121–1152)
Africa: Northwest
Morocco
Almoravid dynasty of Morocco (complete list) –
Yusuf ibn Tashfin, Sultan (1072–1106)
Ali ibn Yusuf, Sultan (1106–1142)
Tashfin ibn Ali, Sultan (1142–1146)
Ibrahim ibn Tashfin, Sultan (1146)
Ishaq ibn Ali, Sultan (1146–1147)
Almohad Caliphate of Morocco (complete list) –
Abd al-Mu'min, Caliph (1147–1163)
Abu Yaqub Yusuf, Caliph (1163–1184)
Yaqub al-Mansur, Caliph (1184–1199)
Muhammad al-Nasir, Caliph (1199–1213)
Africa: West
Benin
Kingdom of Benin (complete list) –
Eweka I, Oba (1180–1246)
Nigeria
Kingdom of Kano (complete list) –
Gijimasu dan Warisi, King (1095–1134)
Nawata, King (1134–1136)
Yusa, King (1136–1194)
Naguji, King (1194–1247)
Kingdom of Nri (complete list) –
Eze Nri Nàmóke, King (1090–1158)
Eze Nri Buífè, King (1159–1259)
Asia
Asia: Central
Afghanistan
Ghaznavid dynasty (complete list) –
Mas'ud III, Sultan (1099–1115)
Shir-Zad, Sultan (1115–1116)
Arslan-Shah, Sultan (1116–1117)
Bahram-Shah, Sultan (1117–1157)
Khusrau Shah, Sultan (1157–1160)
Khusrau Malik, Sultan (1160–1186)
Kazakhstan
Qara Khitai / Western Liao
Yelü Dashi, Emperor (1124–1143)
Xiao Tabuyan, Empress Regent (1144–1150)
Renzong, Emperor (1150–1164)
Yelü Pusuwan, Empress Regent (1164–1178)
Yelü Zhilugu, Sovereign (1178–1211)
Mongolia
Khamag Mongol (complete list) –
Khaidu, ruler (?–c.1100)
Khabul, Khan (1120–1148)
Ambaghai, Khan (1148–1156)
Hotula, Khan (1156–1160)
Yesugei de facto ruler (?–1171)
Genghis, Khan (1189–1206)
Tibet
Guge
Zhi ba 'Od, ruler (?–1111)
bSod nams rtse, King (c.1095–early 12th century)
bKra shis rtse, King (pre-1137)
Jo bo rGyal po, Regent (mid-12th century)
rTse 'bar btsan, King (12th century)
sPyi lde btsan, King (12th century)
rNam lde btsan, King (12th/13th century)
Nyi ma lde, King (12th/13th century)
Asia: East
Khitan China: Liao dynasty
Liao dynasty (complete list) –
Daozong, Emperor (1055–1101)
Tianzuo, Emperor (1101–1125)
China: Northern Song
Song dynasty (complete list) –
Huizong, Emperor (1100–1125)
Qinzong, Emperor (1126–1127)
China: Jin dynasty
Jin dynasty –
Taizu, Emperor (1115–1123)
Taizong, Emperor (1123–1135)
Xizong, Emperor (1135–1150)
Prince of Hailing, Emperor (1150–1161)
Shizong, Emperor (1161–1189)
Zhangzong, Emperor (1189–1208)
China: Other states and entities
Dali Kingdom (complete list) –
Duan Zhengchun, Emperor (1096–1108)
Duan Yu, Emperor (1108–1147)
Duan Zhengxing, Emperor (1147–1171)
Duan Zhixing, Emperor (1171–1200)
Duan Zhilian, Emperor (1200–1204)
Western Xia –
Chóngzōng, Emperor (1086–1139)
Rénzōng, Emperor (1139–1193)
Huánzōng, Emperor (1193–1206)
China: Southern Song
Song dynasty (complete list) –
Gaozong, Emperor (1127–1162)
Xiaozong, Emperor (1162–1189)
Guangzong, Emperor (1189–1194)
Ningzong, Emperor (1194–1224)
Japan
Heian period Japan (complete list) –
Horikawa, Emperor (1087–1107)
Toba, Emperor (1107–1123)
Sutoku, Emperor (1123–1142)
Konoe, Emperor (1142–1155)
Go-Shirakawa, Emperor (1155–1158)
Nijō, Emperor (1158–1165)
Rokujō, Emperor (1165–1168)
Takakura, Emperor (1168–1180)
Antoku, Emperor (1180–1185)
Go-Toba, Emperor (1183–1198)
Kamakura shogunate
Emperors (complete list) –
Go-Toba, Emperor (1183–1198)
Tsuchimikado, Emperor (1198–1210)
Shōgun (complete list) –
Minamoto no Yoritomo, shōgun (1192–1199)
Ryukyu Kingdom: Shunten Dynasty –
Shunten, Chief (1187–1237)
Korea
Goryeo (complete list) –
Sukjong, King (1095–1105)
Yejong, King (1105–1122)
Injong, King (1122–1146)
Uijong, King (1146–1170)
Myeongjong, King (1170–1197)
Sinjong, King (1197–1204)
Asia: Southeast
Cambodia
Khmer Empire (complete list) –
Nripatindravarman, King (1080–1113)
Jayavarman VI, King (1080–1107)
Dharanindravarman I, King (1107–1113)
Suryavarman II, King (1113–1150)
Dharanindravarman II, King (1150–1156)
Yasovarman II, King (1156–1165)
Tribhuvanadityavarman, King (1165–1177)
Jayavarman VII, King (1181–1218)
Indonesia
Indonesia: Java
Sunda Kingdom (complete list) –
Prabu Langlangbhumi, Maharaja (1064–1154)
Rakeyan Jayagiri, Maharaja (1154–1156)
Prabu Dharmakusumah, Maharaja (1156–1175)
Prabu Guru Dharmasiksa, Maharaja (1175-1297)
Kediri Kingdom –
Jayawarsa, King (c.1104–1115)
Kameshwara, King (c.1115–1130)
Jayabaya, King (c.1130–1157)
Sarweshwara, King (c.1160–1170)
Aryyeçwara, King (c.1170–1180)
Gandra, King (c.1180–1190)
Çrngga, King (c.1190–1200)
Kertajaya, King (1200–1222)
Indonesia: Sumatra
Srivijaya: Palembang –
Rajaraja Chola II, King (c.1156)
Srimat Trailokyaraja Maulibhusana Warmadewa, King (c.1183)
Melayu Kingdom/ Dharmasraya: Mauli dynasty (complete list) –
Trailokyaraja, King (c.1183)
Indonesia: Lesser Sunda Islands
Bali Kingdom (complete list) –
Warmadewa dynasty
Śri Maharaja Sakalendukirana Laksmidhara Wijayottunggadewi, Queen (fl.1088–1101)
Śri Suradhipa, King (fl.1115–1119)
Jaya dynasty
Śri Jayaśakti, King (fl.1133–1150)
Ragajaya, King (fl.1155)
Jayapangus, King (fl.1178–1181)
Arjayadengjayaketana, Queen (fl.1200)
Haji Ekajayalancana, King (co-regent fl.1200)
Malaysia: Peninsular
Kedah Sultanate (complete list) –
Durbar II, Raja (c.956–1136)
Mudzaffar Shah I, Sultan, (1136–1179)
Mu'adzam Shah, Sultan, (1179–1202)
Myanmar / Burma
Pagan Kingdom (complete list) –
Alaungsithu (Sithu I), King (1112/13–1167)
Narathu, King (1167–1171)
Naratheinkha, King (1171–1174)
Narapatisithu (Sithu II), King (1174–1211)
Philippines
Tondo (complete list) –
Lakan Timamanukum, ruler (12th century)
Thailand
Ngoenyang (complete list) –
Lao Chong, King (11th–12th century)
Chom Pha Rueang, King (early 12th century–1148)
Chueang, King (1148–1192)
Lao Ngoen Rueang, King (1192–early 13th century)
Vietnam
Champa (complete list) –
Jaya Indravarman II, King (1080–1081, 1086–1114)
Harivarman V, King (1114–1139)
Jaya Indravarman III, King (1139/45)
Rudravarman IV, (Khmer vassal) King (1145–1147)
Jaya Harivarman I, King (1147–1167)
Jaya Harivarman II, King (1167)
Jaya Indravarman IV, King (1167–1190)
Suryajayavarmadeva, (Khmer vassal in Vijaya) King (1190–1191)
Vidyanandana, (Khmer vassal in Pandurang) King (1190–1203)
Đại Việt: Later Lý dynasty (complete list) –
Lý Nhân Tông, Emperor (1072–1127)
Lý Thần Tông, Emperor (1128–1138)
Lý Anh Tông, Emperor (1138–1175)
Lý Cao Tông, Emperor (1176–1210)
Asia: South
Afghanistan
Ghaznavids (complete list) –
Masʽud III, Sultan (1099–1115)
Shir-Zad, Sultan (1115–1116)
Arslan-Shah, Sultan (1116–1117)
Bahram-Shah, Sultan (1117–1157)
Khusrau-Shah, Sultan (1157–1160)
Khusrau Malik, Sultan (1160–1186)
Khosrow-Shah, Sultan (1168–1176)
Ghurid dynasty (complete list) –
Izz al-Din Husayn, Malik (1100–1146)
Sayf al-Din Suri, Malik (1146–1149)
Baha al-Din Sam I, Malik (1149)
Ala al-Din Husayn, Malik (1149–1161)
Sayf al-Din Muhammad, Malik (1161–1163)
Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad, Malik (1163–1203)
Muhammad of Ghor, Malik (1172–1206)
Bengal and Northeast India
Chutia Kingdom (complete list) –
Birpal, King (1187–1224)
Mallabhum (complete list) –
Prakash Malla, King (1097–1102)
Ram Malla, King (1185–1209)
Kingdom of Manipur (complete list) –
Loiyumba, King (1074–1112)
Loitongpa, King (1112–1150)
Atom Yoilempa, King (1150–1163)
Iyanthapa, King (1163–1195)
Thayanthapa, King (1195–1231)
Pala Empire (complete list) –
Ramapala, King (1072–1126)
Kumarapala, King (1126–1128)
Gopala III, King (1128–1143)
Madanapala, King (1143–1161)
Govindapala, King (1161–1165)
Sena dynasty (complete list) –
Vijaya Sena, King (1096–1159)
Ballala Sena, King (1159–1179)
Lakshmana Sena, King (1179–1206)
India
Amber Kingdom (complete list) –
Malayasi, King (1094–1146)
Vijaldeo, King (1146–1179)
Rajdeo, King (1179–1216)
Chahamanas of Naddula (complete list) –
Jojalladeva, King (c.1090–1110)
Asharaja, King (c.1110–1119)
Ratnapala, King (c.1119–1132)
Rayapala, King (c.1132–1145)
Katukaraja, King (c.1145–1148)
Alhanadeva, King (c.1148–1163)
Kelhanadeva, King (c.1163–1193)
Jayatasimha, King (c.1193–1197)
Chahamanas of Shakambhari (complete list) –
Ajayaraja II, King (c.1110–1135)
Arnoraja, King (c.1135–1150)
Jagaddeva, King (c.1150)
Vigraharaja IV, King (c.1150–1164)
Aparagangeya, King (c.1164–1165)
Prithviraja II, King (c.1165–1169)
Someshvara, King (c.1169–1178)
Prithviraj Chauhan, King (c.1178–1192)
Govindaraja IV, King (c.1192)
Hariraja, King (c.1193–1194)
Chandelas of Jejakabhukti (complete list) –
Sallakshana-Varman, King (c.1100–1110)
Jaya-Varman, King (c.1110–1120)
Prithvi-Varman, King (c.1120–1128)
Madana-Varman, King (c.1128–1165)
Yasho-Varman II, King (c.1164–1165)
Paramardi-Deva, King (c.1165–1203)
Chaulukya dynasty of Gujarat (complete list) –
Jayasimha Siddharaja, King (1094–1143)
Kumarapala, King (1143–1172)
Ajayapala, King (1172–1174)
Mularaja II, King (1174–1177)
Bhima II, King (1177–1240)
Western Chalukya Empire (complete list) –
Vikramaditya VI, King (1076–1126)
Someshvara III, King (1126–1138)
Jagadhekamalla II1138–1151)
Tailapa III, King (1151–1164)
Jagadhekamalla III, King (1163–1183)
Someshvara IV, King (1184–1200)
Chera/Perumals of Makotai (complete list) –
Rama Varma Kulashekhara, King (1089–1102/22)
Kotha Varma Marthandam, King (1102–1125)
Vira Kerala Varma I, King (1125–1145)
Kodai Kerala Varma, King (1145–1150)
Vira Ravi Varma, King (1145–1150)
Vira Kerala Varma II, King (1164–1167)
Vira Aditya Varma, King (1167–1173)
Vira Udaya Martanda Varma, King (1173–1192)
Devadaram Vira Kerala Varma III, King (1192–1195)
Vira Manikantha Rama Varma Tiruvadi, King (1195–?)
Chola dynasty (complete list) –
Kulothunga Chola I, King (1070–1120)
Vikrama Chola, King (1118–1135)
Kulothunga Chola II, King (1133–1150)
Rajaraja Chola II, King (1146–1173)
Rajadhiraja Chola II, King (1166–1178)
Kulothunga Chola III, King (1178–1218)
Gahadavala dynasty (complete list) –
Chandradeva, King (c.1089–1103)
Madanapala, King (c.1104–1113)
Govindachandra, King (c.1114–1155)
Vijayachandra, King (c.1155–1169)
Jayachandra, King (c.1170–1194)
Harishchandra, King (c.1194–1197)
Eastern Ganga dynasty (complete list) –
Anantavarman Chodaganga, King (1078–1150)
Jateswara Deva or Ekajata Deva, King (1147–1156)
Raghava Deva, King (1156–1170)
Rajaraja Deva II, King (1170–1178)
Ananga Bhima Deva II, King (1178–1198)
Rajaraja Deva III, King (1198–1211)
Garhwal Kingdom (complete list) –
Vibhog Pal, King (1084–1101)
Suvayanu Pal, King (1102–1115)
Vikram Pal, King (1116–1131)
Vichitra Pal, King (1131–1140)
Hans Pal, King (1141–1152)
Som Pal, King (1152–1159)
Kadil Pal, King (1159–1164)
Kamdev Pal, King (1172–1179)
Sulakshan Dev, King (1179–1197)
Lakhan Dev, King (1197–1220)
Hoysala Empire (complete list) –
Ereyanga, King (1098–1102)
Veera Ballala I, King (1102–1108)
Vishnuvardhana, King (1108–1152)
Narasimha I, King (1152–1173)
Veera Ballala II, King (1173–1220)
Jaisalmer (complete list) –
Rawal Jaisal, Rawal (1153–1168)
Shalivahan Singh II, Rawal (1168–1200)
Baijal Singh, Rawal (1200)
Kailan Singh, Rawal (1200–1219)
Kahlur (complete list) –
Gokul Chand, Raja (early 12th century)
Udai Chand, Raja (1133–1143)
Gen Chand, Raja (late 12th century)
Pruthvi Chand, Raja (late 12th century)
Sangar Chand, Raja (1197–1220)
Kakatiya dynasty (complete list) –
Rudra, King (c.1158–1195)
Mahadeva, King (c.1196–1199)
Ganapati-deva, King (c.1199–1262)
Kalachuris of Kalyani (complete list) –
Bijjala II, King (1162–1167)
Sovideva, King (1168–1176)
Mallugi, King (c.1176)
Sankama, King (1176–1180)
Ahavamalla, King (1180–1183)
Singhana, King (1183–1184)
Kalachuris of Tripuri (complete list) –
Yashahkarna, King (1073–1123)
Gayakarna, King (1123–1153)
Narasimha, King (1153–1163)
Jayasimha, King (1163–1188)
Vijayasimha, King (1188–1210)
Kumaon Kingdom: Chand (complete list) –
Laxmi Chand, King (1093–1113)
Dharm Chand, King (1113–1121)
Karm Chand, King (1121–1140)
Ballal Chand, King (1140–1149)
Nami Chand, King (1149–1170)
Nar Chand, King (1170–1177)
Nanaki Chand, King (1177–1195)
Ram Chand, King (1195–1205)
Kingdom of Kutch (complete list) –
Lakho Jadani, King (1147–?)
Ratto Rayadhan, King (1175–?)
Lohara dynasty (complete list) –
Harsha, King (1089–1101)
Pandyan dynasty (complete list) –
Seervallabha Manakulachala, King (1101–1124)
Maaravaramban Seervallaban, King (1132–1161)
Parakrama Pandyan I, King (1161–1162)
Jatavarman Srivallaban, King (1175–1180)
Sadayavarman Kulasekaran I, King (1190–1216)
Paramaras of Chandravati (complete list) –
Kakkala-deva, or Kakala-deva, King (c.1090–1115)
Vikrama-simha, King (c.1115–1145)
Yasho-dhavala, King (c.1145–1160)
Rana-simha, King (?)
Dhara-varsha, King (c.1160–1220)
Paramara dynasty of Malwa (complete list) –
Naravarman, King (1094–1130)
Yashovarman, King (1133–1142)
Jayavarman I, King (1142–1143)
Vindhyavarman, King (1175–1194)
Subhatavarman, King (1194–1209)
Seuna (Yadava) dynasty (complete list) –
Bhillama V, King (c.1187–1191)
Jaitugi I, King (c.1191–1200/10)
Sisodia (complete list) –
Samanta Singh, Rajput (1172–1179)
Khumar, Manthan, Padam Singh, Rajput (1179–1213)
Maldives
Sultanate of the Maldives: Theemuge dynasty (complete list) –
Koimala, King (1117–1141)
Dhovemi, King/Sultan (1141–1166/1176)
Muthey, Sultan (1166/1176–1185)
Ali I, Sultan (1185–1193)
Dhinei, Sultan (1193–1199)
Dhihei, Sultan (1199–1214)
Nepal
Khasa kingdom
Naga lde, King (early 12th century)
bTsan phyug lde, King (mid-12th century)
bKra shis lde, King (12th century)
Grags btsan lde, King (12th century)
Pakistan
Soomra dynasty –
Zainab Tari, Queen (1092–1102)
Dodo Bin Khafef Soomro III, King (1181–1195)
Sri Lanka
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa (complete list) –
Vijayabahu I, King (1056–1111)
Jayabahu I, King (1110–1111)
Vikramabahu I, King (1111–1132)
Gajabahu II, King (1131–1153)
Parakramabahu I, King (1153–1186)
Vijayabahu II, King (1186–1187)
Mahinda VI, King (1187–1187)
Nissanka Malla, King (1187–1196)
Vira Bahu I, King (1196–1196)
Vikramabahu II, King (1196–1196)
Chodaganga, King (1196–1197)
Lilavati, King (1197–1200, 1209–1210, 1211–1212)
Asia: West
Mesopotamia
Abbasid Caliphate, Baghdad (complete list) –
al-Mustazhir, Caliph (1094–1118)
ar-Rashid, Caliph (1109–1138)
al-Muqtafi, Caliph (1136–1160)
al-Mustanjid, Caliph (1160–1170)
al-Mustadi, Caliph (1170–1180)
al-Nasir, Caliph (1180–1225)
Yemen
Yemeni Zaidi State (complete list) –
al-Mutawakkil Ahmad bin Sulayman, Imam (1138–1171)
al-Mansur Abdallah, Imam (1187–1217)
Europe
Europe: Balkans
Second Bulgarian Empire (complete list) –
Peter IV, Emperor (1185–1190, 1196–1197)
Ivan Asen I, Emperor (1189–1196)
Kaloyan, Emperor (1197–1207)
Byzantine Empire (complete list) –
Alexios I Komnenos, Emperor (1081–1118)
John II Komnenos, Emperor (1092–1143) with Alexios Komnenos, Emperor (1119–1142) as co-emperor
Manuel I Komnenos, Emperor (1118–1180)
Alexios II Komnenos, Emperor (1180–1183)
Andronikos I Komnenos, Emperor (1183–1185)
Isaac II Angelos, Emperor (1185–1195)
Alexios III Angelos, Emperor (1195–1203)
Duklja (complete list) –
Constantine Bodin, King (1081–1101)
Mihailo II, King (1101–1102)
Dobroslav II, King (1101–1102)
Kočopar, Prince (1102–1103)
Vladimir, King (1103–1113)
Đorđe Bodinović, King (1113–1118, 1125–1131)
Grubeša, vassal Prince (1118–1125)
Gradinja, vassal ruler (1131–1148)
Radoslav, vassal Prince (c.1146–c.1148/1162)
Mihailo III, Prince (1165/75–1186/89)
Grand Principality of Serbia (complete list) –
Vukan, Grand Prince (1091–1112)
Uroš I, Grand Prince (1112–1145)
Uroš II, Grand Prince (1145–1161)
Desa, Grand Prince (1149–1155, 1162–1166)
Beloš, Grand Prince (1162)
Tihomir, Grand Prince (1166)
Stefan Nemanja, Grand Prince (1166–1196)
Stefan the First-Crowned, Grand Prince (1196–1202, 1204–1217), King (1217–1228)
Europe: British Isles
Great Britain: Scotland
Kingdom of Scotland/ Kingdom of Alba (complete list) –
Edgar, King (1097–1107)
Alexander I, King (1107–1124)
David I, King (1124–1153)
Malcolm IV, King (1153–1165)
William I the Lion, King (1165–1214)
Kingdom of Strathclyde (complete list) –
Máel Coluim II, King (c.1054)
David, Prince of the Cumbrians (1113–1124), King of the Scots (1124–1153)
Kingdom of the Isles (complete list) –
Magnus Barefoot, King (1098–1102)
Sigurd the Crusader, King (1102–1103)
Lǫgmaðr Guðrøðarson, King (c.1100)
Domnall mac Taidc, King (1111–c.1115)
Óláfr Guðrøðarson (died 1153), King (1112/1115–1153)
Somerled), King (1158–1164)
Kingdom of the Isles: Mann and the North Isles (complete list) –
Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson, King (fl.1164)
Guðrøðr Óláfsson, King (1153/1154–1156, 1164–1187)
Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson, King (1187–1226)
Kingdom of the Isles: The South Isles (complete list) –
Dubgall mac Somairle, King (?–c.1175)
Ragnall mac Somairle, King (1164–1207)
Great Britain: England
Kingdom of England (complete list) –
Henry I, King (1100–1135)
Stephen, King (1135–1154)
Matilda, Queen claimant (1141–1148)
Henry II, King (1154–1189)
Henry the Young King, junior King (1170–1183)
Richard I, King (1189–1199)
John, King of England (1199–1216), Lord of Ireland (1177–1216)
Great Britain: Wales
Kingdom of Gwynedd (complete list) –
Gruffydd ap Cynan, King (1081–1137)
Owain Gwynedd, King (1137–1170)
Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd, King (1170)
Kingdom of Powys (complete list) –
Iorwerth ap Bleddyn, Prince (1075–1103)
Cadwgan ap Bleddyn, Prince (1075–1111)
Owain ap Cadwgan, Prince (1111–1116)
Maredudd ap Bleddyn, Prince (1116–1132)
Madog ap Maredudd, Prince (1132–1160)
Deheubarth (complete list) –
Gruffydd ap Rhys, ruler (1116–1137)
Anarawd ap Gruffydd, ruler (1136–1143)
Cadell ap Gruffydd, ruler (1143–1151)
Maredudd ap Gruffydd, ruler (1151–1155)
The Lord Rhys, ruler (1155–1197)
Gruffydd ap Rhys II, ruler (1197–1201)
Maelgwn ap Rhys, ruler (1199–1230)
Ireland
Ireland (complete list) –
Muirchertach Ua Briain, High King (?–1119)
Domnall Ua Lochlainn, High King (?–1121)
Toirdelbach Ua Conchobair, High King (1119–1156)
Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, High King (1156–1166)
Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, High King (1166–1198)
Lordship of Ireland (complete list) –
John, King of England (1199–1216), Lord of Ireland (1177–1216)
Kingdom of Ailech (complete list) –
Domnall Ua Lochlainn, King (1083–1121)
Conchobar mac Domnaill, King (1121–1128)
Magnus Ua Lochlainn, King (1128–1129)
Conchobar mac Domnaill, King (1129–1136)
Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, King (1136–1143)
Domnall Ua Gairmledaig, King (1143–1145)
Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn (again), King (1145–1166)
Conchobar mac Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, King (1166–1167)
Niall Mac Lochlainn, King (1167–1176)
Aed In Macaem Toinlesc Ua Neill, King (1167–1177)
Mael Sechlainn mac Muirchertaig Mac Lochlainn, King (1177–1185)
Airgíalla (complete list) –
Cu Caishil Ua Cerbaill, King (?–1101)
Giolla Crist Ua hEiccnigh, King (?–1127)
Donnchadh Ua Cearbaill, King (1130–1168/1169)
Murchard Ua Cerbaill, King (1168–1189)
Muirchertach, King (1189–1194)
unknown king (?–1196)
Ua Eichnigh, King (?–1201)
Kingdom of Breifne (complete list) –
Donnchadh Ó Ruairc, Lord (1101)
Domnall Ó Ruairc, King (c.1095–1102)
Cathal Ó Ruairc, Lord (1105)
Domnall Ó Ruairc, Lord (c.1108)
Aedh an Gilla Sronmaol Ó Ruairc, King (c.1117–1122)
Tigernán mór Ó Ruairc, King (c.1124–1152, 1152–1172)
Aedh Ó Ruairc, King (1152–1152, 1172–1176)
Amlaíb Ó Ruairc, King (1176–1184)
Aedh Ó Ruairc, King (1184–1187)
Connachta (complete list) –
Domnall Ua Ruairc, King (1097–1102)
Domnall Ua Conchobair, King (1102–1106)
Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair, King (?)
Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, King (?)
Conchobar Ua Conchobair, King (?)
Donnell Mor Mideach Ua Conchobair, King (?)
Aedh Dall Ua Conchobair, King (?)
Máel Ísa Ua Conchobair, King (?)
Brian Breifneach Ua Conchobair, King (?)
Maghnus Ua Conchobair, King (?)
Mór Ní Conchobair, King (?)
Aed mac Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, King (?)
Rose Ní Conchobair, King (?)
Conchobar Maenmaige Ua Conchobair, King (?)
Diarmait mac Ruaidrí Ó Conchobair, King (?)
Muirghis Cananach Ua Conchobhair, King (?)
Nuala Ní Conchobair, King (?)
Toirdhealbhach mac Ruaidhrí Ó Conchobhair, King (?)
Aedh mac Ruaidri Ó Conchobair, King (?)
Cathal Carragh Ua Conchobair, King (1190–1202)
Kingdom of Dublin (complete list) –
Magnus Barefoot, King (1102–1103)
Diarmait mac Énna meic Murchada, King (?–1117)
Domnall Gerrlámhach, King (1117–1118)
Énna Mac Murchada, King (?–1126)
Conchobar Ua Conchobair, King (1126–1127)
Conchobar Ua Briain, King (1141–1142)
Óttar, King (1142–1148)
Ragnall, King (?–1146)
Brodar mac Torcaill, King (?–1160)
Gofraid mac Amlaíb, King (?)
Ascall mac Ragnaill, King (?–1170)
Leinster (complete list) –
Donnchadh mac Murchada, King (1098–1115)
Conchobar mac Congalaig, King (1115)
Diarmait mac Énna meic Murchada, King (1115–1117)
Enna mac Donnchada meic Murchada, King (1117–1126)
Diarmait mac Murchada, King (1126–1166, 1169–1171)
Domhnall Caomhánach mac Murchada, King (1171–1175)
Domhnall Óg mac Domhnall Caomhánach, King (?)
Magh Luirg (complete list) –
Tadhg Mor mac Maelruanaidh, King (1120–1124)
Maelsechlainn mac Tadhg Mor, King (1124)
Dermot mac Tadhg Mor, King (1124–1159)
Muirgius mac Tadhg More, King (1159–1187)
Conchobar MacDermot, King (1187–1196)
Tomaltach na Cairge MacDermot, King (1196–1207)
Kingdom of Meath (complete list) –
Donnchad mac Murchada Ua Mael Sechlainn, King (1094–1105)
Conchobar mac Mael Sechlainn Ua Mael Sechlainn, King (1094–1105)
Muirchertach mac Domnaill Ua Mael Sechlainn, King (1105–1106)
Murchad mac Domnaill Ua Mael Sechlainn, King (1106–1153)
Mael Sechlainn mac Domnaill Ua Mael Sechlainn, King (1115)
Domnall mac Murchada Ua Mael Sechlainn, King (1127)
Diarmait mac Domnaill Ua Mael Sechlainn, King (1127–1130, 1155–1156, 1157–1158, 1160–1169)
Conchobar Ua Conchobair, King (1143–1144)
Donnchad mac Muirchertaig Ua Mael Sechlainn, King (1144–?)
Mael Sechlainn mac Murchada Ua Mael Sechlainn, King (1152–1155)
Donnchad mac Domnaill Ua Mael Sechlainn, King (1155, 1156–1157, 1158–1160)
Kingdom of Munster (complete list) –
Muirchertach Ua Briain, King (1086–1114, 1118–1119)
Síol Anmchadha (complete list) –
Gillafin Mac Coulahan, King (1096–1101)
Diarmaid Ua Madadhan, King (1101–1135)
Cú Coirne Ua Madudhan, King (1135–1158)
Madudan Mór Ua Madadhan, King (1158–?)
Melaghlin Ua Madadhan, King (?–1188)
Diarmaid Cleirech Ua Madadhan, King (1188–1207)
Uí Maine (complete list) –
Aed Ua Cellaigh, King (?–1134)
Diarmaid Ua Madadhan, King (?–1135)
Tadhg Ua Cellaigh, King (?–abducted 1145)
Conchobar Maenmaige Ua Cellaigh, King (?–1180)
Murrough Ua Cellaigh, King (?–1186)
Domnall Mór Ua Cellaigh, King (?–1221)
Europe: Central
Holy Roman Empire in Germany
See also List of state leaders in the 12th-century Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of Germany (complete list, complete list) –
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1084–1105), King (1053–1087)
Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (1111–1125), King (1099–1125)
Lothair II, Holy Roman Emperor (1133–1137), King (1125–1137)
Conrad III, King (1138–1152)
Henry Berengar, co-King (1138–1150)
Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor (1155–1190), King (1152–1190)
Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (1191–1197), King (1190–1197)
Philip, King (1198–1208)
Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1209–1215), King (1198–1209)
Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301) (complete list) –
Coloman, King (1095–1116)
Stephen II, King (1116–1131)
Béla II, King (1131–1141)
Géza II, King (1141–1162)
Stephen III, King (1162–1172)
Ladislaus II, usurper King (1162–1163)
Stephen IV, usurper King (1163–1165)
Béla III, King (1172–1196)
Emeric, King (1196–1204)
Poland
Kingdom of Poland (complete list) –
Władysław I Herman, Duke (1079–1102)
Zbigniew, Duke (1102–1107)
Bolesław III Wrymouth, Duke (1102–1138)
Seniorate Province in the Fragmentation of Poland (complete list) –
Władysław II the Exile, High Duke (1138–1146)
Bolesław IV the Curly, High Duke (1146–1173)
Mieszko III the Old, High Duke (1173–1177, 1191, 1198–1199, 1202)
Casimir II the Just, High Duke (1177–1191, 1191–1194)
Leszek the White, High Duke (1194–1198, 1199–1202, 1206–1210, 1211–1227)
Duchy of Opole (complete list) –
Jarosław Opolski, Duke (1173–1201)
Duchy of Masovia (complete list) –
Bolesław the Curly, Duke (1138–1173)
Leszek I, Duke (1173–1186)
Casimir II the Just, Duke (1186–1194)
Helen of Znojmo, Regent (1194–1200)
Leszek the White, Duke (1194–1200)
Konrad I, Duke (1200–1247)
State of the Teutonic Order (complete list) –
Heinrich Walpot, Grand Master (1198–pre-1208)
Europe: East
Kievan Rus' (complete list) –
Sviatopolk II of Kiev, Grand Prince (1093–1113)
Vladimir II Monomakh, Grand Prince (1113–1125)
Mstislav I the Great, Grand Prince (1125–1132)
Yaropolk II, Grand Prince (1132–1139)
Viacheslav I, Grand Prince (1139–1139)
Vsevolod II, Grand Prince (1139–1146)
Igor II, Grand Prince (1146–1146)
Iziaslav II, Grand Prince (1146–1149)
Yuri I Dolgorukiy, Grand Prince (1149–1151)
Viacheslav I, Grand Prince (1151–1154)
Iziaslav II, Grand Prince (1151–1154)
Rostislav I, Grand Prince (1154–1154)
Iziaslav III, Grand Prince (1154–1155)
Yuri I Dolgorukiy, Grand Prince (1155–1157)
Iziaslav III, Grand Prince (1157–1158)
Rostislav I, Grand Prince (1158–1167)
Mstislav II, Grand Prince (1167–1169)
Gleb, Grand Prince (1169–1169)
Mstislav II, Grand Prince (1170–1170)
Gleb, Grand Prince (1170–1171)
Vladimir III, Grand Prince (1171–1171)
Michael I, Grand Prince (1171–1171)
Roman I, Grand Prince (1171–1173)
Vsevolod III the Big Nest, Grand Prince (1173–1173)
Rurik II, Grand Prince (1173–1173)
Sviatoslav III, Grand Prince (1174–1174)
Yaroslav II, Grand Prince (1174–1175)
Roman I, Grand Prince (1175–1177)
Sviatoslav III, Grand Prince (1177–1180)
Yaroslav II, Grand Prince (1180–1180)
Rurik II, Grand Prince (1180–1182)
Sviatoslav III, Grand Prince (1182–1194)
Rurik II, Grand Prince (1194–1202)
Vladimir-Suzdal (complete list) –
Andrei I, Grand Duke (1157–1174)
Mikhail I, Grand Duke (1174, 1175–1176)
Yaropolk, Grand Duke (1174–1175)
Vsevolod the Big Nest, Grand Duke (1176–1212)
Europe: Nordic
Denmark
Denmark (complete list) –
Eric, King (1095–1103)
Niels, King (?)
Eric II, King (?)
Eric III, King (?)
Sweyn III, King (?) / Canute V, King (?) / Valdemar I, King (?)
Canute VI, King (1182–1202)
Duchy of Schleswig (complete list) –
Valdemar II of Denmark, Duke (1183–1216)
Norway
Kingdom of Norway (872–1397) (complete list) –
Magnus III Barefoot, King (1093–1103)
Olaf Magnusson, King (1103–1115)
Eystein I, King (1103–1123)
Sigurd I the Crusader, King (1103–1130)
Harald Gille, King (1130–1136)
Magnus IV of Norway, King (1130–1135, 1137–1139)
Sigurd II, King (1136–1155)
Inge I, King (1136–1161)
Eystein II, King (1142–1157)
Magnus Haraldsson, King (1142–1145)
Haakon II, King (1157–1162)
Magnus V, King (1161–1184)
Sverre, King (1184–1202)
Sweden
Sweden (800–1521) (complete list) –
Inge the Elder, King (c.1079–c.1084, c.1087–c.1105/10)
Philip Halstensson, King (c.1105/10–1118)
Inge the Younger, King (c.1110–c.1125)
Ragnvald Knaphövde, King (1125–1126)
Magnus I, King (1120s–c.1132)
Sverker I, King (c.1132–1156)
Eric IX, King (1156–1160)
Magnus II, King (1160–1161)
Charles VII, King (1161–1167)
Kol and Boleslaw, contender Kings (1167–1173)
Canute I, King (1167–1196)
Sverker II, King (1195/96–1208)
Europe: Southcentral
See also List of state leaders in the 12th-century Holy Roman Empire#Italy
Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire) (complete list) –
Henry V, King (1098–1125)
Lothair III, King (1125–1137)
Conrad III, King (1138–1152)
Frederick I, King (1154–1186)
Henry VI, King (1186–1197)
March of Montferrat (complete list) –
Rainier, Marquis (c.1100–c.1136)
William V, Marquis (c.1136–1191)
Conrad, Marquis (1191–1192)
Boniface I, Marquis (1192–1207)
Papal States (complete list) –
Paschal II, Pope (1099–1118)
Gelasius II, Pope (1118–1119)
Callixtus II, Pope (1119–1124)
Honorius II, Pope (1124–1130)
Innocent II, Pope (1130–1143)
Celestine II, Pope (1143–1144)
Lucius II, Pope (1144–1145)
Eugene III, Pope (1145–1153)
Anastasius IV, Pope (1153–1154)
Adrian IV, Pope (1154–1159)
Alexander III, Pope (1159–1181)
Lucius III, Pope (1181–1185)
Urban III, Pope (1185–1187)
Gregory VIII, Pope (1187)
Clement III, Pope (1187–1191)
Celestine III, Pope (1191–1198)
Innocent III, Pope (1198–1216)
Duchy of Spoleto (complete list) –
Werner II, Duke (1093–1119)
Engelbert III of Sponheim, Duke (1135–1137)
Henry the Proud, Duke (1137–1139)
Ulrich of Attems, imperial vicar (1139–1152)
Welf VI, Duke (1152–1160)
Welf VII, Duke (1160–1167)
Welf VI, Duke (1167–1173)
Ridelulf, Duke (1173–1183)
Conrad I, Duke (1183–1190, 1195–1198)
Pandulf II, Duke (1190–1195), vassal Duke (1198–1205)
March of Tuscany (complete list) –
Matilda, Margravine (1076–1115)
Rabodo, Margrave (1116–1119)
Conrad, Margrave (1119/20–1129/31)
Rampret, Margrave (c.1131)
Engelbert, Margrave (1134/35–1137)
Henry the Proud, Margrave (1137–1139)
Ulrich of Attems, imperial vicar (1139–1152)
Welf VI, Margrave (1152–1160)
Welf VII, Margrave (1160–1167)
Rainald of Dassel, imperial vicar (1160–1163)
Christian of Buch, imperial vicar (1163–1173)
Welf VI, Margrave (1167–1173)
Philip, Margrave (1195–1197)
Republic of Venice (complete list) –
Vitale I Michiel, Doge (1096–1102)
Ordelafo Faliero, Doge (1102–1117)
Domenico Michele, Doge (1117–1130)
Pietro Polani, Doge (1130–1148)
Domenico Morosini, Doge (1148–1156)
Vital II Michele, Doge (1156–1172)
Sebastiano Ziani, Doge (1172–1178)
Orio Mastropiero, Doge (1178–1192)
Enrico Dandolo, Doge (1192–1205)
Southern Italy
Southern Italy
County/ Duchy of Apulia and Calabria (complete list) –
Roger I Borsa, Duke (1085–1111)
William II, Duke (1111–1127)
Duchy of Gaeta (complete list) –
Landulf, Duke (1091–1103)
William II, Duke (1103–1104/1105)
Richard II, Duke (1104/1105–1111)
Andrew, Duke (1111–1112)
Jonathan, Duke (1112–1121)
Richard III, Duke (1121–1140)
Duchy of Naples (complete list) –
Sergius VI, Duke (1077–1107)
John VI, Duke (1090–1122)
Sergius VII, Duke (1122–1137)
Alfonso, Duke (1139–1144)
William, Duke (1144–1154)
County of Sicily (complete list) –
Roger I, Count (1071–1101)
Simon, Count (1101–1105)
Roger II, Count (1105–1130), King (1130–1154)
Kingdom of Sicily (complete list) –
Roger II, Count (1105–1130), King (1130–1154)
William I, King (1154–1166)
William II, King (1166–1189)
Tancred, King (1189–1194)
Roger III, King (1192–1193)
William III, King (1194)
Constance, Queen (1194–1198)
Henry I, King (1194–1197)
Frederick I, King (1198–1250)
Principality of Taranto (complete list) –
Bohemond I, Count (1085–1088), Prince (1088–1111)
Bohemond II, Prince (1111–1128)
Roger II, Prince (1128–1132)
Tancred, Prince (1132–1138)
William I, Prince (1138–1144)
Simon, Prince (1144–1157)
William II, Prince (1157–1189)
Tancred of Sicily, Prince (1189–1194)
William III, Prince (1194)
Henry, Prince (1194–1198)
Robert, Prince (1198–1200)
Walter III of Brienne, Prince (1200–1205)
Europe: Southwest
Iberian Peninsula: Christian
Kingdom / Crown of Aragon (complete list) –
Peter I, King (1094–1104)
Alfonso I the Battler, King (1104–1134)
Ramiro II the Monk, King (1134–1137)
Petronilla, Queen (1137–1164)
Alfonso II, King (1164–1196)
Peter II, King (1196–1213)
Kingdom of Castile (complete list) –
Alfonso VI the Brave, King (1072–1109)
Urraca the Reckless, King (1109–1126)
Alfonso VII the Emperor, King (1126–1157)
Sancho III the Desired, King (1157–1158)
Alfonso VIII the Noble, King (1158–1214)
County of Barcelona (complete list) –
Ramon Berenguer III, Count (1082–1131)
Ramon Berenguer IV, Count (1131–1162)
Alphonse I, Count (1164–1196)
Peter II, Count (1196–1213)
Kingdom of Navarre (complete list) –
Peter I, King (1094–1104)
Alfonso I, King (1104–1134)
García Ramírez IV, King (1134–1150)
Sancho VI, King (1150–1194)
Sancho VII, King (1194–1234)
County of Portugal (complete list) –
Henry, Count (1096–1112)
Teresa, Countess (1112–1128), self-styled Queen from 1116
Afonso, Count, later King (1128–1139)
Kingdom of Portugal (complete list) –
Afonso I, King (1139–1185)
Sancho I, King (1185–1212)
Marca Hispanica
County of Osona (complete list) –
Jimena, Count (1107–1149)
Bernard, Count (1107–1111)
County of Cerdanya (complete list) –
William II, Count (1095–1109)
Bernard, Count (1109–1118)
Raymond Berengar I, Count (1118–1131)
Raymond Berengar II, Count (1131–1162)
Peter, Count (1162–1168)
Sancho I, Count (1168–1223)
County of Urgell (complete list) –
Ermengol V of Mollerussa, Count (1092–1102)
Ermengol VI of Castile, Count (1102–1153/1154)
Ermengol VII of Valencia, Count (1153/1154–1184)
Ermengol VIII of Sant Hilari, Count (1184–1208/1209)
Europe: West
France
Kingdom of France (complete list) –
Philip I the Amorous, King (1060–1108)
Louis VI the Fat, King (1108–1137)
Louis VII the Young, King (1137–1180)
Philip II Augustus, King (1180–1223)
County of Angoulême (complete list) –
William V (Taillefer III), Count (1087–1120)
Wulgrin II, Count (1120–1140)
William VI (Taillefer IV), Count (1140–1179)
Wulgrin III, Count (1179–1181)
William VII (Taillefer V), Count (1181–1186)
Aymer III, Count (1186–1202)
Anjou (complete list) –
Geoffrey IV, Count (1103–1106)
Geoffrey V, Count (1129–1151)
Henry, Count (1151–1189)
Richard, Count (1189–1199)
Duchy of Aquitaine (complete list) –
William IX, Duke (1086–1127)
William X, Duke (1127–1137)
Eleanor of Aquitaine, Duke (1137–1204)
Louis the Younger, Duke (1137–1152)
Henry I, Duke (1152–1189)
Richard I Lionheart, Duke (1189–1199)
John I, Duke (1199–1216)
County of Artois (complete list) –
Isabella, Countess (1180–1190)
Louis VIII of France, Count (1190–1223)
Auvergne (complete list) –
William VI, Count (1096–1136)
Robert III, Count (1136–1143)
William VII the Young, Count (1143–c.1155)
William VIII the Old, Count (1155–1182)
Robert IV, Count (1182–1194)
William IX, Count (1194–1195)
Guy II, Count (1195–1224)
County of Boulogne (complete list) –
Eustace III, ruler (1087–1125)
Matilda I, Countess (1125–1151)
Eustace IV, Count (1151–1153)
William I, Count (1153–1159)
Mary I, Countess (1159–1170)
Matthew, Count (1170–1173)
Matthew II, Count (1173–1180)
Gerard, Count (1181–1182)
Berthold, Count (1183–1186)
Ida, Countess (1173–1216)
Bourbonnais (complete list) –
, Lord (1116–1120)
, Lord (1120–1171)
, Lady (1171–1218)
Duchy of Brittany (complete list) –
Alan IV, Duke (1072–1112)
Conan III, Duke (1112–1148)
Bertha, Duchess (1148–1156)
Odo II, Duke (1148–1156)
Conan IV, Duke (1156–1166)
Constance, Duchess (1166–1201)
Geoffrey II, Duke (1181–1186),
Guy of Thouars, Duke (1199–1201)
Arthur I, Duke (1196–1203)
Duchy of Burgundy (complete list) –
Odo I, Duke (1079–1103)
Hugh II, Duke (1103–1143)
Odo II, Duke (1143–1162)
Hugh III, Duke (1162–1192)
Odo III, Duke (1192–1218)
County of Champagne (complete list) –
Hugh, Count (1102–1125)
Theobald II, Count (1125–1152)
Henry I, Count (1152–1181)
Henry II, Count (1181–1197)
Theobald III, Count (1197–1201)
County of Flanders (complete list) –
Robert II, Count (1093–1111)
Baldwin VII Hapkin, Count (1111–1119)
Charles I the Good, Count (1119–1127)
William I Clito, Count (1127–1128)
Theodoric, Count (1128–1168)
Philip I, Count (1168–1191)
Margaret I, Countess (1191–1194)
Baldwin VIII, Count (1191–1194)
Baldwin IX, Count (1194–1205)
Duchy of Gascony (complete list) –
William IX, Duke (1086–1126)
William X, Duke (1126–1137)
Eleanor of Aquitaine, Duchess (1137–1204)
County of Maine (complete list) –
Elias I, Count (1093–1110)
Eremburga and Fulk V of Anjou, Countess and Count (1110–1126)
Geoffrey of Anjou, Count (1126–1151)
Elias II, Count (1151)
Henry II of England, Count (1151–1189)
Henry the Young King, Count (1169–1183)
Richard the Lionheart, Count (1189–1199)
Arthur I of Brittany, Count (1186–1203)
County of Nevers (complete list) –
William II, Count (1097–1148)
William III, Count (1148–1161)
William IV, Count (1161–1168)
Guy, Count (1168–1175)
William V, Count (1175–1181)
Agnes I, Countess (1181–1192)
Peter II of Courtenay, Count (1184–1192)
Matilda I, Countess (1192–1257)
Hervé IV of Donzy, Count (1199–1223)
County of Poitou (complete list) –
William VII, Count (1071–1126)
William VIII, Count (1099–1137)
Eleanor, Countess (1137–1189)
Louis VII of France, Count (1137–1152)
Henry II of England, Count (1152, 1156–1189)
William IX, Count (1153–1156)
Richard I, Count (1169–1196)
Otto, Count (1196–1198)
Richard I, Count (1198–1199)
Provence / Lower Burgundy (complete list) –
Gerberga, Countess (1093–1112)
Douce I, Countess (1112–1127)
County of Toulouse (complete list) –
Raymond IV (VI) of St Gilles, Count (1094–1105)
Philippa & William IX, Countess & Count (1098–1101, 1109–1117)
Bertrand of Tripoli, Count (1105–1109)
William IX of Aquitaine, Count (1117–1120)
Alfonso Jordan, Count (1109–1148)
Raymond V (VII), Count (1148–1194)
Raymond VI (VIII), Count (1194–1222)
County of Vermandois (complete list) –
Adelaide, Countess (1085–1101)
Eurasia: Caucasus
Kingdom of Georgia (complete list) –
David IV, King (1089–1125)
Demetrius I, King (1125–1154, 1155–1156)
David V, King (1154–1155)
George III, King (1156–1184)
Tamar the Great, Queen (1178–1213)
First Kingdom of Kakheti (complete list) –
Kvirike IV, King (1084–1102)
Aghsartan II, King (1102–1105)
Oceania
Chile: Easter Island
Easter Island (complete list) –
Te Ria Kautahito (Hirakau-Tehito?), King (?)
Ko Te Pu I Te Toki, King (?)
Kuratahogo, King (?)
Ko Te Hiti Rua Nea, King (?)
Te Uruaki Kena, King (?)
Tu Te Rei Manana, King (c.1200)
Tonga
Tuʻi Tonga Empire (complete list) –
ʻApuanea, King (?)
ʻAfulunga, King (?)
Momo, King (c.1100)
Tuʻitātui, King (c.1100)
Talatama, King (?)
Tuʻitonganui ko e Tamatou, King (?)
United States: Hawaii
Island of Hawaiʻi (complete list) –
Kapawa, supreme high chief (?)
Pilikaʻaeia, supreme high chief (1125–1155)
Kukohou, supreme high chief (1155–1185)
Kaniuhu, supreme high chief (1185–1215)
See also
References
12th century
- |
Namorunyang is a village and Payam of Kapoeta South County in Namorunyang State, South Sudan.
There has been a long history of conflict between the Toposa of Namorunyang and Bunio and the Didinga of Budi County.
The Toposa are purely pastoralist and the Didinga are agro-pastoralists.
In the dry season the Toposa would drive their cattle to the Didinga Hills for water and pasture until the rains began in Toposa land. In the past, this practice was carried out by agreement between the two communities, with a gift being made in exchange for the right to access the pasturage. With the proliferation of guns and breakdown of order during the civil war, the traditional protocols were ignored and violence became common.
In May 2007 Toposa tribesmen of Namorunyang raided the Ngauro Payam of Budi County, attacked a group that were resting after working in a collectively-owned field, and took 300 head of cattle and 400 goats or sheep.
49 women, 4 children and 5 men were killed, while others were wounded.
In the past, Namorunyang village was one of the peace centers used to resolve conflict between the communities of the region. At a conference in September 2009 organized by the Southern Sudan Peace Commission and chaired by Brigadier General Louis Lobong Lojore it was agreed to revive this and other joint peace centres.
References
Populated places in Eastern Equatoria |
Artificial Minds: An Exploration of the Mechanisms of Mind is a book written by Stan Franklin and published in 1995 by MIT Press.
The book is a wide-ranging tour of the development of artificial intelligence as of the time it was written. As well as discussing the theoretical and philosophical backgrounds of many approaches, it goes into some detail in explaining the workings of many of what the author considers to be the most promising examples of the era.
References
Causey, Robert L. (1998) Review of Artificial Minds by Stan Franklin. ACM SIGART Bulletin 9(1): 35–39.
da Fontoura Costa, Luciano. (1999) "Franklin's New Infant Theory of Mind: Review of Artificial Minds: An Exploration of the Mechanisms of Mind by Stan Franklin." Psyche 5(29): n. pag.
Wolpert, Seth. (1997) Review of Artificial Minds by Stan Franklin. Computers in Physics 11(3): 258–259.
1995 non-fiction books
Artificial intelligence publications
Computer science books |
```smalltalk
"
TestDynamicVariable is a test class using in ProcessSpecificTest.
"
Class {
#name : 'TestDynamicVariable',
#superclass : 'DynamicVariable',
#category : 'Kernel-Tests-Processes',
#package : 'Kernel-Tests',
#tag : 'Processes'
}
``` |
John Leslie (c. 163027 July 1681), son of John Leslie, 6th Earl of Rothes, was the 7th Earl of Rothes and 1st Duke of Rothes. According to tradition, he was a descendant of Princess Beatrix, sister of King Malcolm III of Scotland. His family had intermarried with both the Stuarts and the Bruces.
Life
Leslie was born in 1630. His mother died when he was ten, and on his father's death in the following year, he succeeded to the peerage. He was placed under the care of John Lindsay, 17th Earl of Crawford, to whose daughter he was betrothed. On account of the wars, his education was much neglected. "He had," says Burnet, "no advantage of education, no sort of literature; nor had he travelled abroad; all in him was mere nature".
He was captured at the Battle of Worcester in 1651, his estates were sequestrated by the parliament, and on 18 September he was committed to the Tower of London. On 18 July 1652, his liberty was extended to ten miles from the city of London. On 14 December 1652, he was permitted, on heavy security, to go to Scotland on business for three months; similar permission was granted in 1653 and 1654, and in 1654–5 he was permitted to stay six months at Newcastle.
On 8 January 1656/57 he obtained leave, owing, it is told, to the influence of Elizabeth Murray, countess of Dysart, to visit Scotland again. In January 1658, he was, however, committed to the castle of Edinburgh by Cromwell, to prevent a duel between him and Viscount Morpeth, who was jealous of the attentions which Rothes paid his wife; he was released the following December.
Leslie was one of the first noblemen to wait on Charles II on his arrival from Breda in 1660, and on 20 December was appointed colonel of one of the Fife regiments of horse. King Charles II made him the Lord High Treasurer of Scotland, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland, Lord Chancellor of Scotland for life (in 1667), and President of the Privy Council of Scotland. He carried the sword of state at the coronation of Charles II.
In 1663, when he succeeded his father-in-law as Lord High Treasurer, he was sworn a privy councillor of England, and was appointed Captain of the troop of lifeguards and general of the forces in Scotland. He also received a re-grant in 1663 of the earldom of Rothes, together with the title of Lord Leslie and Ballinbreich.
He was considered over-zealous in his persecution of Covenanters and insufficiently attentive to the defence of Leith against attack by the Dutch. On 16 April 1667 he was deprived of all his offices, but in October was made lord chancellor for life. Through the intervention of the Duke of York, he was on 29 May 1680 created Duke of Rothes, Marquis of Balleobreich, Earl of Leslie, Viscount of Lugton, Lord Auchmutie and Caskiebery.
He married Anne Crawford-Lindsay, daughter of John Lindsay, 17th Earl of Crawford. He built the Palace of Leslie (also known as Leslie House), which nearly burnt completely in a fire on Christmas Day 1763.
John died at Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh on 27 July 1681. He was awarded a state funeral. The funeral procession was more elaborate and impressive than either Wellington's or Churchill's. It stretched over seventeen miles (27 km) long. The cost of whole regiments of ceremonial guards, soldiers, banners, trumpets, heralds and coaches effectively ruined the family finances forever, and he left behind a huge debt to his daughter, Margaret Leslie.
Family
He had two daughters:
Margaret, who married Charles Hamilton, 5th Earl of Haddington
Christian (1661–1710)
As he had no male issue, the Dukedom of Rothes became extinct, the Earldom only being passed to his daughter.
References
Attribution:
External links
Clan Leslie Trust
1681 deaths
Rothes, 101
Presidents of the Privy Council of Scotland
Cavaliers
Year of birth uncertain
Lords High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland
Members of the Parliament of Scotland 1661–1663
Members of the Convention of the Estates of Scotland 1665
Members of the Convention of the Estates of Scotland 1667
Lord High Treasurers of Scotland
17th-century Scottish politicians
17th-century Scottish people
Commissioners of the Treasury of Scotland
Extraordinary Lords of Session |
Znicz Biała Piska is a Polish semi-professional football club from Biała Piska, Pisz County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship.
History
The club was founded on 18 July 1954 as Ludowy Klub Sportowy Znicz Biała Piska, as a local LZS club in the local leagues.
In 1974 they ceased activity for 4 years, before resuming activity in 1978 as Międzyzakładowy Klub Sportowy Znicz Biała Piska, becoming an unaffiliated works team. Despite some minor league successes, by 1996 the club dissolved its senior team, although continued to exist as a sports club focusing on youth development.
Two mergers followed: with Orkan Drygały in 1999 creating Znicz/Orkan Biała Piska restoring the senior team; and with Płomień Ełk in 2000 creating Płomień/Znicz Biała Piska.
Between 2000 and 2004 they played in the fourth division. After relegation in 2004 the club suffered financial and organisational problems, and changed its name to Miejski Ludowy Klub Sportowy Znicz Biała Piska.
Their fortunes changed however, winning their division in 2011 and a further promotion in 2013 reaching their highest league hierarchy in their history.
In 2018 they won their fifth division with a 30-point lead. Subsequently, in the next two seasons, 2018/2019 and 2019/2020, the reached the finals of the Warmian-Mazurian Polish Cup, but lost both finals.
Scouting network
Due to the club's remote location and the town's small population, the club has a wide catchment area in order to remain competitive, attract a good calibre of players and keep its youth teams in full squad. Players are recruited regularly from Białystok, Podlasie Voivodeship, Ełk and Pisz.
Rivalries
Znicz has local derbies against GKS Wikielec and Mamry Giżycko.
Honours
IV liga Warmia-Masuria
Winners: 2017–18
Runners-up: 2012–13
Regional league:
Winners: 2010–11
Klasa A:
Winners: 1984–85, 2007–08
Warmian-Masurian Polish Cup:
Runners-up: 2018–19, 2019–20
Semi-finals: 2012–13
Quarter-finals: 2017–18, 2020–21
Notable players
Notable professional players who played for the club include Oskar Fürst, Vasili Sumnakaev, Artsyom Huzik, Jacek Falkowski, and Vasily Zhurnevich.
References
Bibliography
External links
- 90minut.pl profile
Football clubs in Poland
Association football clubs established in 1954
1954 establishments in Poland
Football clubs in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship |
Sierra de la Demanda is a comarca located south-east of the province of Burgos in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It is bounded on the north-east by the Montes de Oca comarca, north-west by the Alfoz de Burgos, south-east by the province of Soria, south-west by the Ribera del Duero comarca, on the east by the province of La Rioja and west by the Arlanza comarca. It is named after the mountain sub-range of Sierra de la Demanda, the northwesternmost end of the Sistema Ibérico.
Administrative entities
The comarca capital and biggest town is Salas de los Infantes.
Municipalities
There are 39 municipalities. In parentheses is the number of minor local entities within each municipality.
See also
Province of Burgos
Notes
External links
website of the Province of Burgos delegation
Comarcas of the Province of Burgos |
Park Jung-hee (born 10 October 1967) is a South Korean sport shooter who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics and in the 1996 Summer Olympics.
References
1967 births
Living people
South Korean female sport shooters
ISSF pistol shooters
Olympic shooters for South Korea
Shooters at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 1986 Asian Games
Shooters at the 1994 Asian Games
Shooters at the 2002 Asian Games
Asian Games medalists in shooting
Asian Games silver medalists for South Korea
Asian Games bronze medalists for South Korea
Medalists at the 1994 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2002 Asian Games
20th-century South Korean women
21st-century South Korean women |
The Rhea–McEntire House, also known as the Rhea–Burleson–McEntire House, is a historic antebellum Greek Revival mansion located along the shoreline of the Tennessee River's Wheeler Lake in Decatur, Alabama.
The house was constructed prior to 1836, and was used as headquarters by both Union and Confederate forces, alternately, during the Civil War.
Contrary to local legend, the Battle of Shiloh was not planned in this house nor used as headquarters by Albert Sidney Johnston in early 1862. Johnston's headquarters were located in a small building attached to the McCartney Hotel across the railroad tracks from the Burleson mansion. Extant primary-source records back up this assertion.
The official records, most of which are now housed at Tulane University, indicate that General Johnston's headquarters during the time he reorganized his Confederate forces in Decatur in March 1862 were at the McCarty (sic) Hotel. They also indicate that planning for attacking Grant's forces at Pittsburg Landing (the Battle of Shiloh) was done by Johnston's subordinate, General Beauregard, in Corinth, Mississippi.
The list of major buildings in Decatur, Alabama that survived the Civil War were the Dancy-Polk House, the Old State Bank, The McCartney Hotel (demolished in the 1920s), and the Burleson House that later became known as the McEntire House. The most likely reason they were spared is that they were all inside the perimeter of the breastworks built by the Union in 1864. Everything outside the breastworks for an radius was leveled to provide a clear field of fire for the artillery defending the Union position on the banks of the Tennessee River. The Burlesons owned the house during the Civil War. Dr. Aaron Adair Burleson served as the president of the Tennessee and Central Alabama Railroad that later became part of the Nashville and Decatur Railroad. During the Civil War Dr. Burleson was a physician in the Confederate Army. The home was sold to Jerome Hinds, a former Union soldier from Illinois, in 1869. After the Hinds, the home was used as a boarding house and hotel before standing empty for a period. It was purchased on April 5, 1895 by R. P. McEntire.
The house was also used as the second temporary courthouse, during the construction of the first permanent courthouse in Decatur, in Morgan County.
The house was documented with large-format photographs by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1937.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Morgan County, Alabama
Battle of Decatur
References
External links
Buildings and structures in Decatur, Alabama
National Register of Historic Places in Morgan County, Alabama
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
Historic American Buildings Survey in Alabama
Alabama in the American Civil War
Greek Revival houses in Alabama
Antebellum architecture
Houses in Morgan County, Alabama |
4525 Johnbauer, provisional designation , is dark Mitidika asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 May 1982, by astronomer couple Eleanor and Eugene Shoemaker, as well as Peter Wilder at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States. The asteroid was named after John Bauer, physics teacher at San Diego City College.
Orbit and classification
Johnbauer has been identified as a member of the Mitidika family, a dispersed asteroid family of typically carbonaceous C-type asteroids. The family is named after 2262 Mitidika (diameter of 9 km) and consists of 653 known members, the largest ones being 404 Arsinoë (95 km) and 5079 Brubeck (17 km).
It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 2 months (1,507 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 14° with respect to the ecliptic.
The asteroid was first identified as at the McDonald Observatory in December 1951. The body's observation arc begins more than 26 years prior to its official discovery observation, with a precovery taken at Palomar in November 1955.
Physical characteristics
Rotation period
As of 2017, no rotational lightcurve of Johnbauer has been obtained from photometric observations. The body's rotation period, spin axis and shape remains unknown.
Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Johnbauer measures 10.118 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a low albedo of 0.034.
Naming
This minor planet was named in memory of John Bauer (1932–2002), a long-time teacher of astronomy and physics at San Diego City College in San Diego, California, who over the course of forty years (1962-2002), inspired hundreds of students to pursue professional and academic careers in astronomy and physics. The name was suggested by N. Butler. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 13 April 2006 ().
References
External links
Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
004525
Discoveries by Eleanor F. Helin
Discoveries by Eugene Merle Shoemaker
Named minor planets
19820515 |
Eunoe eura is a scale worm described from off Peru in the South Pacific Ocean at a depth of 550 m.
Description
Number of segments 35; elytra 15 pairs. Brownish with greenish cast and with lighter, yellowish parapodia. Anterior margin of prostomium rounded. Lateral antennae inserted ventrally (beneath prostomium and median antenna). Notochaetae thinner than neurochaetae. Bidentate neurochaetae absent.
References
Phyllodocida
Animals described in 1919 |
Chaussoy-Epagny(Picard: L’Queuchoy-Épagny) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
Geography
The commune is situated on the D193 road, in the valley of the river Noye some south of Amiens.
Population
See also
Communes of the Somme department
Réseau des Bains de Mer
References
Communes of Somme (department) |
Hermodorus of Salamis was an ancient Greek architect from Salamis, Cyprus who was highly active in ancient Rome between 146 BC and 102 BC, where his work includes the Temple of Jupiter Stator (2nd century BC) and the Temple of Mars. He also inspired Vitruvius and led the construction of the Navalia.
Bibliography
Pierre Gros, « Hermodoros et Vitruve », Mélanges de l'École française de Rome, vol. 85, no 1, 1973, p. 137-161
Albert Grenier, Le Génie romain dans la religion, la pensée, l'art, Albin Michel, 1969
Jean-Marie Pailler, Les mots de la Rome antique, Presses Universitaires du Mirail, 2001
Frank Van Wonterghem, Topografia romana : Ricerche e discussioni, Firenze, Leo S. Olschki, 1988
Ancient Roman architects
Ancient Greek architects
2nd-century BC architects |
The Cyclone Mark V Engine is a steam engine in which the engine, steam generator, condenser and feed pump are integrated into a single compact unit. The company Cyclone Power Technologies of Pompano Beach, Florida was founded by inventor Harry Schoell to develop and market this engine. The Cyclone Mark V Engine is a six cylinder radial uniflow engine of two inch bore and two inch stroke. Pistons are single acting. The engine is claimed to produce 100 hp at 3,600 rpm using steam at 3,200 psi and 1,200 °F.
Timeline
Functional description
The Cyclone Engine is built of three major components, the Steam Generator, Piston Block, and Condenser. The working fluid, deionized water, travels continuously through these three components. Beginning in the steam generator, moving into the pistons, then to the condenser, and finally pumped back into the steam generator.
Steam generator
Steam Generator has three basic components: a coil of water tubes, surrounded by a series of burner assemblies, and covered with an insulated shroud. Each burner assembly consists of an air blower, which blows pre-heated air into the combustion chamber, a fuel atomizer, and an igniter. The blower and atomizer are arranged so that the flame front is tangential to the water-tube coils. Cyclone Power Technologies claims this arrangement allows the heavier particles in the fuel to circle the outside of the chamber until they are completely burned up, allowing for much cleaner, complete combustion of fuel, and resulting in cleaner emissions. However, they have not performed any testing to verify this theory.
The small size of the water tubes allows for much higher pressures than those of larger boilers, because of this, the water is not allowed to boil. Instead, it is allowed to reach supercritical temperature of up to 1,200 °F.
Piston assembly
The piston assembly is an even number of pistons arranged radially around a single crankshaft. The pistons are attached to the crankshaft via a special "spider" bearing. This bearing consists of several small journal bearings attached to a disk which has a larger crankshaft journal bearing in the center. Each piston has one head admission valve. This valve is actuated by a variable cam on the crankshaft, and allows for the entrance of supercritical water into the cylinder. As the supercritical water enters the cylinder it flashes into steam and pushes the piston inward, thus rotating the crankshaft.
As the piston is pushed inward, it uncovers exhaust ports in the cylinder wall. The supercritical water has now given up enough energy through expansion that it is in a vapor state. This exhaust vapor passes out of the exhaust ports in the cylinder wall and across regenerative heating coils, which are wrapped around the cylinder. The heat from the exhaust vapor is used to preheat the water in these tubes before it enters the steam generator. The vapor then passes into the condenser.
Condenser
The condenser is a stack of interleaved circular plates, with an open core containing an impeller and a condensate sump underneath it. The exhaust vapor enters the top of the condenser from the piston block and is forced by the impeller onto the sides of the condenser and into the leaves of the circular plates. On the outside of the plates, a blower circulates air around the interleaved plates. This effectively condenses the exhaust vapor, which falls into the condensate sump at the bottom of the engine. A high pressure pump then pumps the condensate out of the sump, through the regenerative heating coils around the cylinder, and back into the steam generator.
Schoell Cycle
"Schoell Cycle" is the name given by inventor Harry Schoell to his implementation of the Rankine cycle. The primary patent for the engine calls it a "Heat regenerative engine"
In the Rankine cycle, water is pumped to high pressure, heated to produce steam, expanded in an engine producing mechanical work then heat is removed to condense the exhaust steam back into liquid water.
In the "Schoell Cycle", combustion air is first heated by passing it through the condenser, then heated further by passing it through a heat exchanger to absorb heat from the exhaust gasses. This improves engine efficiency as less fuel needs to be burned to heat the combustion gasses to a given temperature. This technology has been extensively used in industrial furnaces and powerplants where it is known as an air preheater or APH.
A feedwater heater is placed around each cylinder where the exhaust steam exits. This transfers some heat to the water before it enters the steam generator, further reducing the amount of fuel necessary.
Although the Schoell patent is titled "Heat regenerative engine", it does not use the regenerative Rankine cycle nor does it use a regenerative heat exchanger.
Water lubrication
The Mark V engine's design requires the use of water to lubricate the moving parts for two reasons:
Exhaust steam goes into the engine crankcase. Any oil used to lubricate crankshaft and connecting rod bearings would soon form an emulsion of oil and water that would have very poor lubricating properties.
Because of the integrated form of the Mark V and its small water capacity, any oil that enters the water will not leave the water while the engine is running. This oil will then coat and foul the inner surfaces of the condenser and steam generator, greatly reducing their performance. A non-integrated steam power system might have, for instance, a large water tank that will give oil time to separate from the water, or dedicated devices to separate oil from water.
Journal bearings on the crankshaft and connecting rods and the pistons sliding in their cylinders operate in the hydrodynamic lubrication regime. The carrying capacity of a journal bearing is a direct function of the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating fluid. Water at 20 °C has a viscosity of 0.001002 Pa·s, while a typical motor oil could have a viscosity of about 0.250 Pa·s. Thus, water is about 250 times less effective a lubricant than oil.
Cyclone Power Technologies had contracted with the Ohio State University Center for Automotive Research (OSU-CAR) for engineering analysis. A March 8, 2014 presentation by OSU-CAR described the engine bearings as a "critical path issue" and stated:
"Little or no data exists outside Cyclone’s own experience for the use of water lubrication for either ball bearings or roller bearings in our environment and under our loadings. Calculated life using just the bearing load and the scaling factors for the viscosity of the lubricant indicate that very high ratio of load capacity to applied load is required."
"Minimal data exists for the use of water lubricated polymer journal bearings in our environment and under our loadings. Factors of a 4:1 increase in life have been shown with submerged operation, but little long term wear data is available with pressurized water lubrication."
The contract between Cyclone Power Technologies and Phoenix Power Group for the lower output WHE steam engine states that Phoenix Power Group will make a $150,000 progress payment "Upon the completion of 200 hours of durability testing of WHE version 5.0 as conducted and/or overseen by OSU. The durability testing shall consist of the WHE engine operating, without failure, and producing 10 hp to 20 hp". As of February 28, 2015 there has been no indication they have made a water lubricated engine pass this 200-hour endurance test.
Measured Engine Performance
Very little information has been released by Cyclone Power Technologies on actual measured performance of the Mark V. The most detailed account comes from their Facebook page:
July 15, 2013 ·
GREAT NEWS for the Cyclone Mark V Engine
As of today! Dyno testing has recorded 100HP and 1000 ft-lb of torque.
No other information such as engine configuration, test conditions, measurements taken, or duration of test has been reported.
Criticisms
Claims made for the Cyclone Mark V Engine include:
It's Clean: One promotional video claimed that exhaust leaving the engine would be cleaner than the air entering the engine: "The Cyclone will effectively act as an air scrubber that will help clean the air that we breath as it runs." However, in the 2013 Annual Report, they state: "We have not yet performed this testing on our engines to meet any existing emission standards of the EPA and CARB." No source has been provided to support their claim of low or no exhaust emissions.
It's Highly Efficient: Cyclone Power Technologies claims the Mark V engine has a thermal efficiency of 33% The source of this efficiency figure is a calculation based on a large number of assumed values. For instance, engine power output and fuel input values are both assumed. These give an estimated thermal efficiency of 23.2%. It is then assumed (without supporting calculations) that the heating of the combustion air improves overall engine efficiency by 4.05% and feedwater heating improves overall engine efficiency by a further 4.32%, bringing the total estimated engine thermal efficiency to 31.57%.
Portrayal of Mock-ups as Working Engines: A number of non-functional mock-ups of the Cyclone Mark V engine and larger and smaller variants have been built by Cyclone Power Technologies as promotional displays. The fact that they are not working engines, however, is often omitted. For instance, from various promotional videos:
"The engine has its full torque at 1 rpm."; "It has an extremely clean exhaust because it burns fuel in a centrifuge."; "The exhaust temperature is much cooler than an internal combustion engine."; "You can put your hand on this engine when it's running."; "They're very, very smooth."; "We're getting an eight percent right on top of the thermal efficiency of the engine itself."; The efficiency is "In the 30% range, plus."; "As it sits for a while it builds up a little latent heat and you can get a real high burst of acceleration."; "In normal operation you have enough acceleration to pull a pretty good load without having to have a big transmission."; "Water explodes into steam and pushes the piston down."
"There's a small engine over here that[sic] which is one of our waste heat engines that actually operates on waste heat from one of the larger Cyclones."; "This one will put out up to a maximum of 20 horsepower."; "Or an incinerated fuel, any trash, garbage or anything else can power this system here to generate your electricity from another source."; "As in these red, domed engines around here the fuel is burned in a centrifuge."; "The final exhaust temperature on these engines is only 350 degrees."; "This engine here can actually run off the last exhaust temperature of this engine here."; "You'll see a lawnmower on the market in about a year or 18 months."; On the efficiency: "This one is about half of those."; "These engines over here run in between the efficiency of gas and the low side of diesels."; "Efficiency is not a spike, it's nearly a straight line from the time it starts until the maximum RPM."; "Of course this one here is highly efficient because it runs on free fuel."; The lawnmower engine "is totally silent."
"This is the 330 horsepower truck version and as you can see it has a waste heat recovery system. Of course, this engine only has a 350 degree exhaust signature."; "You don't have to run around in a toy car like these golf carts some of the automobile manufacturers are proposing. Now you can have something that will really drive a machine and have some horsepower and be even cleaner that what the electric vehicles will provide."; "As you notice it mounts into the chassis, it has no transmission because the torque level is so high."
In none of the videos does Harry Schoell state that the engines he points to are non-functional mock-ups, nor does he say any claims of performance are predictions and are not based on any actual measurements.
Applications
As of February 13, 2016 no Mark V engines had been delivered to any customers or publicly demonstrated running. Proposed applications included:
A 60 kW generator set fueled by waste motor oil
Chuk Williams' steam-powered land speed record car, followed by a land speed record car built by Cyclone Power Technologies
A speed boat designed to break the steam-powered water speed record.
A multi-fuel engine to provide hydraulic power to forklift trucks
However, none of these proposals have been known to be implemented.
Variants
While the Mark V engine is the basic engine described in Cyclone Power Technologies' patents, a number of smaller and larger variants have been announced at different times.
References
External links
Cyclone Power Technologies Official Website
Radio Interview With Harry Schoell
Steam engines |
"Happy Now" is a song by German music producer Zedd and American singer Elley Duhé. Written by Noonie Bao, Sarah Aarons and its producers Zedd and Lotus IV, the song was released by Interscope Records on 18 July 2018.
Background
Initially titled "Are You Happy Now" featuring Norwegian singer Sigrid, the song was first revealed during a cover shoot interview in 2017 with Billboard magazine. On 3 July 2018, Zedd debuted the song at his Zedd in the Park festival, where he brought Elley Duhé on stage for a live performance. Duhé posted a short video of the performance on social media with the caption: "Not gonna lie my [heart] is pretty full". Zedd officially announced the song's release date and unveiled its cover art on 13 July, and later teased the lyrics in multiple tweets. He premiered the song on Zane Lowe's Beats 1 radio show as the World Record of the day.
During the radio interview, Zedd explained the reason behind working with Duhé: "I think why I really gravitated towards her was that she had a genuine and honest approach to the song and she felt vulnerable and real." Duhé said of the song in a press statement: "To me, 'Happy Now' is more than just a song. It's a significant moment in my life, the golden opportunity to work with one of the greatest DJ's/producer of our time. Being able to come together with complete strangers to do something beautiful, sing something meaningful, to share something special is what 'Happy Now' is all about."
Composition
"Happy Now" is a post-breakup pop ballad, stylized as a "vocal-centric pop/electronic hybrid". It opens with an acoustic guitar line, before becoming "a bounding, chiming pile of percussion", eventually ending with "Zedd's signature robotic voice". The drop features a "memorable beat" composed of "whimsical, multi-toned synths cascading in mid-tempo, mellifluous breakdowns". In a press release, Zedd regarded "Happy Now" as "the most organic sounding song [he has] made in a long time", noting that the majority of the song was recorded using real instrumentation, specifically "a lot of pianos and a lot of guitars". Lyrically, he described the song as "both happy and sad at the same time", while musically, the song "rather leans towards a happier, sunnier side".
Remixes
On 21 September 2018, the official remix EP was released consisting of 5 remixes from DJ Marc Benjamin, DJ duo BEAUZ, DJ duo Duke & Jones, DJ MXXWLL & DJ duo Magnificence.
Critical reception
Rachel Narozniak of Dancing Astronaut called the song a representation of "yet another sonic step in a direction opposite the high-powered electro constructions of earlier foundational singles like "Clarity" and "Stay the Night'". She noticed a more minimalist melodic arrangement in the song than that in "Stay" or "The Middle".
Personnel
Credits adapted from Tidal.
Zedd – production, mixing
Elley Duhé – vocals
Lotus IV – production
Mike Marsh – master engineering
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
Release history
References
External links
2010s ballads
2018 singles
2018 songs
Zedd songs
Elley Duhé songs
Interscope Records singles
Pop ballads
Songs written by Eric Barber
Songs written by Linus Wiklund
Songs written by Noonie Bao
Songs written by Sarah Aarons
Songs written by Zedd |
Chadiza District with the headquarters at Chadiza lies in the extreme south-east corner of Zambia, bordering Mozambique to its south. The eastern half of the district is characterised by wooded rocky hills rising to 1330 m while the western half has the same character as the land around Chadiza town. This part of the district has been almost completely deforested and suffers soil erosion. In 2012, most of the eastern part of the district was declared its own district, namely Vubwi District.
As of the 2000 Zambian Census, the district had a population of 83,981 people.
References
Districts of Eastern Province, Zambia |
Cyprien Katsaris (; born 5 May 1951) is a French-Cypriot virtuoso pianist, teacher and composer. Amongst his teachers were Monique de la Bruchollerie, a student of Emil von Sauer, who had been a pupil of Franz Liszt. He is known for his refined sound, extreme command of voicing, and virtually effortless physical mastery of technique.
Biography
Katsaris was born in Marseilles, France. Katsaris first began to play the piano when he was four, in Cameroon where he grew up. His first teacher was Marie-Gabrielle Louwerse.
He studied piano at the Paris Conservatoire with Aline van Barentzen (a pupil of Élie-Miriam Delaborde, son of Charles-Valentin Alkan), and Monique de la Bruchollerie (a pupil of Emil von Sauer, who was a pupil of Franz Liszt). Briefly, Katsaris studied under György Cziffra. In 1969, Katsaris won the piano First Prize at the Conservatoire. As well as piano, Katsaris studied chamber music with René Leroy and Jean Hubeau, and he won First Prize for this in 1970.
Katsaris gave his first public concert in Paris, at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées on 8 May 1966. He performed the Hungarian Fantasy by Liszt, with the Orchestre Symphonique d'Ile-de-France conducted by René-Pierre Chouteau. Since then he has gone on to perform with many orchestras and conductors fréquentes.
Katsaris was the second musician to record the complete Liszt transcriptions of Beethoven's nine symphonies, after İdil Biret – reissued by Warner Classics in 2006. He has also recorded the music of Mozart, Chopin, Grieg, and other composers, including the rare piano version of Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde with Brigitte Fassbaender and Thomas Moser.
In 2001 Katsaris created his own recording label, Piano 21. In 2011, he performed a concert with French baritone David Serero in Paris.
Awards
1970: Albert Roussel Foundation Prize (Paris)
1972: Prize-winner at the Queen Elisabeth International Music Competition of Belgium
1972: Alex de Vries Foundation Prize (Antwerp)
1974: First Prize in the International Cziffra Competition (Versailles)
1977: International Young Interpreters Rostrum-UNESCO (Bratislava)
1997: Artist of UNESCO for Peace
2000: Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters (France)
2001: Médaille Vermeil de la Ville de Paris
2009: Commandeur de l’Ordre de Mérite du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg
2011: Nemitsas Prize (Cyprus)
Discography
Comprehensive discography of recordings under the label Piano 21:
KR 622 : Allegro. The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
P21 001 : Beethoven • The Creatures of Prometheus, op. 43
P21 003 • (2 CD) : In Memoriam Chopin 150th Anniversary • Live at Carnegie Hall, New York City
P21 004 : Sergei Bortkiewicz • Piano Works
P21 007 : Bach Recital • Vol. 1 • Original Works
P21 009-N : The Complete Mozart Piano Concertos • Vol. 1
P21 010-N : The Complete Mozart Piano Concertos • Vol. 2
P21 011-N : Live at Festival International d’Echternach (Luxembourg) • 7 July 1979 • A Film by Claude Chabrol
P21 012-N : Live at Carnegie Hall, New York City • In Memoriam Chopin • 17 October 1999
P21 013 : Bach & Sons • 5 Piano Concertos
P21 014-A : Beethoven • Concerto No. 3 op. 37 • Sonatas Nos. 31 & 12
P21 015 : A Tribute to Cyprus
P21 016-A : Schumann • Vol. 1 • Live Recordings
P21 017-N : Bach • Vol. 2 • Transcriptions
P21 018 : Mozart Transcriptions
P21 019 : The Mozart Family
P21 020-A • (2 CD) : Russian Music • Vol. 1
P21 021-N : The Complete Mozart Piano Concertos • Vol. 3
P21 022-A : Liszt • Vol. 10 Liszt I • The Philadelphia Orchestra, Eugene Ormandy
P21 023-A • (2 CD) : Scriabin • Vol. 19 • The Complete Dances
P21 024-A • (2 CD) : French Music • Vol. 2 • De Louis XIII à Boulez
P21 025-N : The Complete Mozart Piano Concertos • Vol. 4
P21 026-N : The Complete Mozart Piano Concertos • Vol. 5
P21 027-A • (2 CD) : Mikis Theodorakis • Vol. 20 Theodorakis • Works for piano & orchestra
P21 028-A : Grieg • Vol. 18 • Concerto & Piano Works
P21 029-A : Live at International Tchaikovsky Competition • Vol. 21 • Moscow 1970
P21 030-N : Piano Rarities • Vol. 1 • Transcriptions
P21 031-N : The Complete Mozart Piano Concertos • Vol. 6
P21 032-N : Album d’un Voyageur • Vol. 1 • EUROPE
P21 033-N • (2 CD) : Viennese Connections • Beethoven • Schubert Hüttenbrenner • Diabelli • Liszt
P21 034-N : Live in Shanghai • 4 October 2005 • The International Piano Festival of Shanghai Conservatory of Music
P21 035-N : Live in Shanghai • 2 October 2007 • The International Piano Festival of Shanghai Conservatory of Music
P21 036-A : Cyprien Katsaris Archives • Vol. 16 • Schumann II
P21 037-N : Piano Rarities • Vol. 2 • Compositeurs français
P21 038-N : Chopin, Concerto n° 2 en fa mineur, op. 21 | les 4 versions
P21 039-N : The Complete Mozart Piano Concertos • Vol. 7
P21 041-N : Katsaris plays Liszt • Vol. 1
P21 042-A : Cyprien Katsaris Archives • Vol. 8 • Schubert
P21 043-N : Katsaris plays Chopin • Live Recordings
P21 044-N : Hélène Mercier/Cyprien Katsaris • Brahms : Sonata for 2 pianos • Schumann/Clara Schumann : Piano Quintet 4 hands
References
External links
Cyprien Katsaris Official Website – www.cyprienkatsaris.net
– Biography in English www.allmusic.com
Biography in english on Schott Music' musical editions website – www.schott-music.com
Interview on the "Opinion" website - https://opinionua.com/en/
1951 births
Musicians from Marseille
20th-century French male classical pianists
French people of Cypriot descent
Living people
Chevaliers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
Commanders of the Order of Merit of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
21st-century French male classical pianists |
Steven H. D. Haddock is a marine biologist known for his work on bioluminescence of the jellylike animals of the open ocean and the deep sea, and the photoproteins and fluorescent proteins of these animals.
Life
Haddock was educated at Harvey Mudd College, where he took his bachelor's degree, and the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he took his doctorate. His is a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and a senior scientist at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute.
Works
Haddock is the lead author of Practical computing for biologists (Sinauer, 2011). He has contributed to over 100 research papers on bioluminescence and related phenomena in open ocean and deep sea animals including Ctenophora, Siphonophorae, Radiolaria, and Medusae. His co-written paper "Broad phylogenomic sampling improves resolution of the animal tree of life" has been cited over 1675 times, while the review article "Bioluminescence in the sea" has been cited over 475 times.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American marine biologists
Harvey Mudd College alumni
University of California, Santa Barbara alumni
University of California, Santa Cruz faculty |
Garsington Manor, in the village of Garsington, near Oxford, England, is a country house, dating from the 17th century. Its fame derives principally from its owner in the early 20th century, the "legendary Ottoline Morrell, who held court from 1915 to 1924". Members of the Bloomsbury Group, the aristocratic Ottoline, and her wealthy husband Philip, were friends with an array of artists, writers and intellectuals, D. H. Lawrence, T. S. Eliot, E. M. Forster, Bertrand Russell, Aldous Huxley, Virginia Woolf and Siegfried Sassoon being among the visitors to their house. The manor was later owned by Leonard Ingrams and from 1989 to 2010 was the setting for an annual summer opera season, the Garsington Opera, which relocated to Wormsley Park in 2011. Garsington is a Grade II* listed building.
History
The manor house was built on land once owned by the son of the poet Geoffrey Chaucer, and at one time had the name "Chaucers". It was constructed in the 1630s by a William Wyckham. Lady Ottoline and her husband, Philip Morrell, bought the manor house in 1913, at which time it was in a state of disrepair, having been in use as a farmhouse. They paid £8,450. Their moving in was delayed until May 1915, due to the continuing occupancy by the former tenants.
Garsington became a haven for the Morrells’ friends, including D. H. Lawrence, Siegfried Sassoon, Edward Sackville-West, Lord David Cecil, Lytton Strachey, Aldous Huxley, Mark Gertler, Bertrand Russell, Virginia Woolf, T. S. Eliot, E. M. Forster and Walter de la Mare. In 1916, they invited conscientious objectors, including Clive Bell and other members of the Bloomsbury Group, to come and work on the home farm for the duration of World War I, as civilian work classified as being of national importance was recognised as an alternative to military service. Aldous Huxley spent some time at Garsington before he wrote Crome Yellow, a book which contains a caricature based on Ottoline for which she never forgave him. His pen portrait of her, written after their first meeting in 1915, summarises the aspects of her character which both attracted and repelled; "[She] is quite an incredible creature - arty beyond the dreams of avarice and a patroness of literature and the modern. She is intelligent, but her affectation is overwhelming". Huxley was not the only one of Ottoline's friends to mock her in print. Her affair with a stonemason Lionel Gomme, known as "Tiger", who worked on the statuary at Garsington, has been cited by some critics as the basis for Lawrence's portrayal of Lady Chatterley's affair with the gamekeeper, Mellor in his novel of 1928. Lawrence portrayed her even more directly as Lady Hermione Roddice, in his novel Women in Love. The savagery of the depiction caused a decades-long breach in their friendship, and Philip Morrell threatened to sue Lawrence's publishers.
In Confidence, a short story by Katherine Mansfield, portrays the "wits of Garsington" some four years before Crome Yellow. Not everyone found the atmosphere congenial; the shy poet Cecil Day-Lewis, taken to Garsington by his tutor Maurice Bowra, found it "a tremendous ordeal" and sought refuge "slinking gloomily amongst the peacocks" in the Italianate gardens. Lytton Strachey complained that the constant coming and going of guests made work impossible: "I sit quivering among a surging mesh of pugs, peacocks, pianolas, and humans - if humans they can be called - the inhabitants of Circe's cave". David Garnett, a writer, and lover of a number of Ottoline's guests, recorded his impressions of Garsington in his autobiography; "Ottoline's pack of pug dogs trotted everywhere and added to the Beardsley quality, which was one half of her natural taste. The characteristic of every house in which Ottoline lived was its smell and the smell of Garsington was stronger than that of Bedford Square. It reeked of the bowls of potpourri and orris root which stood on every mantelpiece, side table and window-sill and of the desiccated oranges, studded with cloves, which Ottoline loved making".
The Morrells restored the house in the 1920s, working with the architect Philip Tilden, and creating landscaped Italian-style gardens. The parterre has 24 square beds with Irish yews at the corners; the Italian garden has a large ornamental pool enclosed by yew hedges and set with statues. This was designed by Charles Edward Mallows; beyond, is a wild garden, with lime-tree avenues, shrubs, a stream and pond. Financial difficulties forced the Morrells to sell Garsington in 1928. The house was subsequently bought by Sir John Wheeler-Bennett, the historian, who lived there until his death in 1975. It was sold in 1981 to Leonard Ingrams, a banker and brother of Richard. Following Leonard Ingrams' death in 2012, the house was again sold.
Architecture and description
The house is a rectangular structure, of two storeys with attics. The building material is limestone rubble. In his memoirs, True Remembrances-the memoirs of an architect, Philip Tilden recorded the unobtrusive style he sought to achieve at Garsington; "I doubt whether the present-day visitor could spot these alterations, they were made out of odd bits, and the workmanship was carried out by men of the old school".
Garsington is a Grade II* listed building, and its gardens are also grade II* on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. A number of other buildings on the estate, and landscaping features in the gardens have Grade II listings including the stables, the bakehouse, the gates at the forecourt to the manor, the pool, a summer house and statuary and an 18th-century dovecote.
Notes
References
Sources
Country houses in Oxfordshire
South Oxfordshire District
Bloomsbury Group locations
Grade II* listed houses
Grade II* listed buildings in Oxfordshire |
John Baker White (August 24, 1868 – June 2, 1944) was an American lawyer, military officer, and Democratic politician in the U.S. state of West Virginia. White served as a captain in the West Virginia National Guard during the Spanish–American War and as a lieutenant colonel in the United States Army Judge Advocate General's Corps during World War I. White was a member of the City Council and Board of Affairs of Charleston, West Virginia from 1907 to 1911, and frequently served as the city's mayor pro tempore. He was later appointed a member of the West Virginia Board of Control, where he served as the board's treasurer, secretary, and president at various times.
White was a member of the White political family of Virginia and West Virginia and was the son of Hampshire County Clerk of Court and West Virginia Fish Commission President Christian Streit White (1839–1917) and the grandson of Hampshire County Clerk of Court John Baker White (1794–1862). White was a nephew of West Virginia Attorney General Robert White (1833–1915).
Early life and education
John Baker White was born on August 24, 1868, in Romney, West Virginia. He was the only child of Hampshire County Clerk of Court Christian Streit White (1839–1917) with his first wife Elizabeth "Bessie" Jane Schultze White (1837–1869) and the eldest of his father's five children. He was a grandson of Hampshire County Clerk of Court John Baker White (1794–1862), for whom White was named, and a great-grandson of the prominent Virginia judge Robert White (1759–1831). His uncle Robert White (1833–1915) served as Attorney General of West Virginia. Through his descent from Robert White and Reverend Christian Streit, White was eligible for and attained membership in the Society of the Cincinnati and Sons of the American Revolution.
White received an English education in both the local public schools and at his father's residence in Romney. White further supplemented his education with "broadened courses of reading and private study". Beginning at the age of 13, White attended school from 9 a.m. until 4 p.m. and worked on his family's farm before and after school, and during holidays. At the age of 16, White left his schooling to work on the farm and in his father's county court clerk office while studying privately at home.
Early political career
White departed his home in Romney for Charleston, West Virginia, where he was entirely dependent upon himself and his own resources. There, White commenced his career in public service in 1886 when he began serving as a messenger in the office of West Virginia Secretary of State Henry S. Walker. He received successive promotions within the Secretary of State's office beginning with clerk, then to stationery clerk, and finally to chief clerk of the office during the latter part of Walker's term in office. White was retained as the chief clerk of the office by Walker's successor, William A. Ohley. White was affiliated with the Secretary of State's office for seven years. He continued to fulfill that position until March 8, 1893, when he was appointed to serve as the private secretary to West Virginia Governor William A. MacCorkle. As a representative of Governor MacCorkle, White traveled across the state to high-profile events, such as the June 1895 strikes at the Crozier Works on Elkhorn Creek in McDowell County, to urge calm and to provide the governor with situational awareness on the strike. White performed as Governor MacCorkle's private secretary for four years until the end of his administration's term in 1897.
During the West Virginia general elections of 1892 and 1896, White was recognized for his leadership efforts in support of the campaigns of Democratic candidates.
Law career
While he was employed at the West Virginia State Capitol, White began studying jurisprudence with legal coursebooks. He undertook his study of jurisprudence in the law firm of Chilton, MacCorkle and Chilton in Charleston. White was admitted to the bar in 1897 and afterward established a law practice in Charleston. White's practice began arguing cases in county, state, and federal level courts within West Virginia. On December 19, 1901, the West Virginia Secretary of State office issued a charter authorizing $100,000 in capital stock for the incorporation of Midland Railway, of which White was a corporator with one subscribed share of $100.
Military career
In 1888, White volunteered his service in the West Virginia National Guard, where he entered service with the rank of Private. White was gradually promoted and served in the West Virginia National Guard's 2nd Battalion, 2nd West Virginia Infantry Regiment. White and his regiment were dispatched to the scenes of several strikes throughout West Virginia, where he performed as "a special representative" of the governor.
Spanish–American War
At the onset of the Spanish–American War and shortly after his admission to the bar in 1898, White again volunteered for service with the West Virginia National Guard and served throughout the duration of the war. He received his commission from West Virginia Governor George W. Atkinson as captain in command of Company B of the 1st West Virginia Infantry Regiment in the United States Volunteers. During his service in the Spanish–American War, White received a promotion to the rank of Major. After a year of serving with his regiment in the war, White received an honorable discharge and vacated the West Virginia National Guard following ten years of service in the guard as a military officer. According to Governor Atkinson in his Bench and Bar of West Virginia (1919), White "served faithfully and efficiently until the close of the war".
World War I
Following the entry of the United States into World War I in April 1917, White tendered his legal services to the United States Army and served in the Judge Advocate General's Corps. White had previously attempted to enter the service of the U.S. Army through its various training schools to serve in World War I, but he had been rebuffed each time due to his advanced age of 49. On December 6, 1917, White received "special permission" from President Woodrow Wilson to serve in the Army's Judge Advocate General's Corps with the rank of major. Upon receiving his commission, White was ordered to London where he served as Assistant Judge Advocate General for United States Armed Forces personnel serving in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. White continued to carry out his duties in London until June 1919, by which time the war was over, when his base section there was closed and he was transferred to the United States military's general headquarters in France.
From France, White deployed to the 3rd Division occupation headquarters in Koblenz, Germany, along the Rhine where he served as the division's Judge Advocate General. While serving in that position in Koblenz, White was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel in April 1919. He continued to serve as the Judge Advocate General for the 3rd Division until September 1919, and shortly thereafter White was discharged from the U.S. Army and subsequently transferred to the United States Army Reserve.
For his service to the Allies in World War I, White was created a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order by George V on behalf of the British Empire. Following his relief from active military service in Europe, White embarked upon a global journey that consisted of Egypt, Palestine, India, Burma, the Malay Peninsula, Java, China, Japan, and the Philippines. He returned to the United States in June 1920 and soon thereafter resumed his law practice in Charleston.
Later political career
Following his service in the Spanish–American War, White ran for election as a Democrat and won a seat on the Charleston City Council. White also concurrently fulfilled a four-year term from 1907 to 1911 as a member of the Charleston Board of Affairs during the period in which Charleston was organized under a commission form of government. While serving on the Board of Affairs, he frequently performed duties as the city's mayor pro tempore. Around 1931, White became a member of the West Virginia Board of Control and was serving as the board's treasurer by 1932. White later served as the board's president for two years. In 1939, Governor Homer A. Holt reappointed White to serve another term on the West Virginia Board of Control ending on June 30, 1941.
Marriage
On August 22, 1939, White married Mary Ann Williamson near Malvern in Chester County, Pennsylvania. Williamson was a native of Berkeley County, West Virginia, but resided in Athens, West Virginia, at the time of her marriage. Williamson was a graduate of Shepherd College in Shepherdstown, of Concord College in Athens, and of the University of Kentucky in Lexington. She had been a member of the faculty at Marshall College in Huntington since 1934.
Later life and death
In his later years, White and his wife resided in St. Petersburg, Florida during the winter season. White died of heart failure on June 2, 1944, at 1 p.m. at the age of 75 at his summer camp near Rupert, Greenbrier County, West Virginia. The medical certification of White's death stated the cause of his heart failure was due to age and overexertion. White's funeral was held in Charleston, and he was interred in the White family burial plot at Indian Mound Cemetery in Romney. At the time of his death, White was residing at Capitol Street in Charleston.
Affiliations and community service
White was a practicing Mason and Knights Templar affiliated with Royal Arch Masonry and the Thirty-second Degree Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry. In addition to the Society of the Cincinnati and the Sons of the American Revolution, White was also a member of the Military Order of Foreign Wars, United Spanish War Veterans, American Legion, and the Shriners.
White was also an inaugural stockholder and member in the Henry G. Davis Club, named for United States Senator from West Virginia Henry G. Davis, which received its charter on May 31, 1906. The Henry G. Davis Club was founded "for the study of political economy and the science of self-government; for the education of the young men of the State of West Virginia in these sciences and the promulgation of such information, literature and statistics as will in the judgment of its directors be best suited for such purposes". White also served on the Entertainment Committee for the West Virginia Homecoming Week in Point Pleasant which took place October 7–10, 1909, to celebrate the Battle of Point Pleasant and the unveiling of the monument to that battle.
Legacy
In his Bench and Bar of West Virginia (1919), Atkinson remarked of White's service in Charleston city government: "His chief aim was to render a service that would advance the interests of the people, without showing favors to any class or classes of the citizens of Charleston. His service in that high office marked him as a man of high honor, firmness and probity." Atkinson remarked further of White: "Such men are rarely found in this or any other portion of this wide world which we inhabit."
In 1940, the four-story "Boys Dormitory" at Concord College (presently known as Concord University) in Athens, West Virginia, was renamed "John Baker White Hall" in honor of White, who was then serving as Secretary of the West Virginia Board of Control. White Hall was demolished in 2004 for the construction of Concord University's Rahall Technology Center.
References
Bibliography
External links
1868 births
1944 deaths
19th-century American lawyers
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American lawyers
20th-century American politicians
American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law
American military personnel of the Spanish–American War
United States Army personnel of World War I
American people of English descent
American people of Scottish descent
American people of Swiss descent
Burials at Indian Mound Cemetery
Businesspeople from Charleston, West Virginia
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
United States Army Judge Advocate General's Corps
Lawyers from Charleston, West Virginia
Military personnel from Charleston, West Virginia
National Guard (United States) officers
People from Romney, West Virginia
People from St. Petersburg, Florida
Politicians from Charleston, West Virginia
Presbyterians from West Virginia
Robert White family of Virginia and West Virginia
Members of the Sons of the American Revolution
United States Army officers
United States Army reservists
West Virginia city council members
West Virginia Democrats
West Virginia lawyers
West Virginia National Guard personnel |
Allen Park is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 28,638.
Ford Motor Company is an integral part of the community. Many of the company's offices and facilities lie within the city limits. Since 2002, Allen Park is the practice home of the Detroit Lions football team and is also the site of the team's headquarters. The city is known for its tree-lined streets, brick houses, and the Fairlane Green Shopping Center that opened in 2006. The city was once recognized in Money Magazine's list of America's Best Small Cities. Allen Park is part of the collection of communities known as Downriver.
Allen Park is home to the Uniroyal Giant Tire, the largest non-production tire scale model ever built, and one of the world's largest roadside attractions. Originally a Ferris wheel at the 1964 New York World's Fair, the structure was moved to Allen Park in 1966.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and (0.71%) is water.
Boundaries
Allen Park borders Southgate to the South, Lincoln Park to the east, Melvindale to the northeast, Dearborn to the north, Dearborn Heights to the northwest, and Taylor to the west.
Major roads
runs through the southeast corner of Allen Park between Goddard Road and the Lincoln Park border.
runs through the northern portion of Allen Park between Pelham Road and the Rouge River.
, Southfield Road, is an eight-lane boulevard that travels in a northwest–southeast direction between the Lincoln Park border and I-94. It becomes the Southfield Freeway and curves to the northeast after the I-94 interchange.
History
Allen Park was incorporated as a village in 1927, and as a city in 1957. It was named after Lewis Allen, a well-to-do lawyer and lumberman whose 276½ acres of land (primarily in Ecorse Township) included holdings in what are now Allen Park and Melvindale. Hubert Champaign (for whom Champaign Park is named) and Edward Pepper were two other early residents of the area.
In 1950 Allen Park did not include the part of the city directly west of Melvindale; that area was still part of Ecorse Township.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 28,210 people, 11,580 households, and 7,606 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 12,206 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 92.9% White, 2.1% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 2.0% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.1% of the population.
There were 11,580 households, of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.1% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.3% were non-families. 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.02.
The median age in the city was 41.7 years. 21.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.8% were from 25 to 44; 28.5% were from 45 to 64; and 17.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.1% male and 51.9% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 29,376 people, 11,974 households, and 8,202 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 12,254 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 95.6% White, 0.7% African American, 0.36% Native American, 0.81% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.21% from other races, and 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.73% of the population. There were 11,974 households, out of which 27.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.0% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.5% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.99.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.2% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 20.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.0 males. For every 100 women age eighteen and over, there were 88.1 men.
The median income for a household in the city was $51,992, and the median income for a family was $63,350. Males had a median income of $50,143 versus $31,168 for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,980. About 1.9% of families and 3.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.3% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over.
Politics
The Mayor of Allen Park is Gail McLeod, who has served since 2019. Six members sit on the city council, including Felice "Tony" Lalli, Daniel Loyd, Matthew Valerius, Gary Schlack, Charles Blevins, and Dennis Marcos.
Education
Public schools
Most of Allen Park is within the Allen Park School District. The district has three elementary schools: Arno, Lindemann, and Bennie. The district also includes Allen Park Middle School, Allen Park High School, and Allen Park Community School.
Northern Allen Park is within the Melvindale-Northern Allen Park Public Schools. Rogers Early Elementary School is within Allen Park. Residents in Melvindale-Northern Allen Park go on to Melvindale High School.
The Southgate Community School District serves Allen Park south of the Sexton-Kilfoil Drain.
Prior to the establishment of Allen Park High School in 1950, education in Allen Park, provided at the Lapham school, ended after the eighth grade. Students in the Allen Park school district had to travel to Detroit Southwestern High School, Lincoln Park High School, and/or Melvindale High School.
Private schools
Private schools in Allen Park include Inter-City Baptist School and St. Frances Cabrini Schools (including Cabrini High School). Historically religious private schools in Ecorse, River Rouge, and Taylor served Allen Park residents.
Sports
In 2009, the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) announced that Thunderbowl Lanes in Allen Park would be the main site for the inaugural PBA World Series of Bowling. This unique event featured the first seven tournaments of the PBA's 2009–10 season all contested in the same area. One tournament (Motor City Open) was contested in nearby Taylor, MI, while the other six (including the PBA World Championship qualifying and match play rounds) took place at Thunderbowl. The 2009 events ran August 2-September 6, with the televised finals being taped by ESPN on September 5–6. Thunderbowl Lanes has hosted additional PBA tournaments since that time, including the five-event PBA Fall Swing in September, 2016 and both the 2018 and 2021 PBA Tour Finals. The World Series of Bowling returned to Thunderbowl Lanes for its tenth anniversary in the 2019 PBA Tour season, with events running March 11–21.
The National Football League's Detroit Lions have their offices and training facility in Allen Park.
Notable residents
Terry Andrysiak, football quarterback
Jeff Bernard, unlimited hydroplane driver
John Bizon, member of the Michigan Senate
Amanda Chidester, softball player
Frank Liberati, former member of the Michigan House of Representatives
Tullio Liberati, member of the Michigan House of Representatives
Jennifer Valoppi, journalist
John Varvatos, fashion designer
References
Broglin, Sharon. Allen Park. Arcadia Publishing, 2007. , 9780738551098.
Notes
External links
City of Allen Park
Cities in Wayne County, Michigan
Metro Detroit
Hungarian-American culture in Michigan
1927 establishments in Michigan
Populated places established in 1927 |
```c++
// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
#include "kudu/ranger/ranger_client.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <memory>
#include <ostream>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include <gflags/gflags.h>
#include <glog/logging.h>
#include "kudu/common/table_util.h"
#include "kudu/gutil/macros.h"
#include "kudu/gutil/map-util.h"
#include "kudu/gutil/strings/join.h"
#include "kudu/gutil/strings/split.h"
#include "kudu/gutil/strings/substitute.h"
#include "kudu/ranger/ranger.pb.h"
#include "kudu/security/init.h"
#include "kudu/subprocess/server.h"
#include "kudu/util/env.h"
#include "kudu/util/flag_tags.h"
#include "kudu/util/flag_validators.h"
#include "kudu/util/metrics.h"
#include "kudu/util/net/net_util.h"
#include "kudu/util/path_util.h"
#include "kudu/util/scoped_cleanup.h"
#include "kudu/util/slice.h"
#include "kudu/util/status.h"
#include "kudu/util/string_case.h"
#include "kudu/util/subprocess.h"
DEFINE_string(ranger_config_path, "",
"Path to directory containing Ranger client configuration. "
"When set, Ranger integration is enabled, fine-grained access "
"control is enforced, and clients are issued authorization "
"tokens. In addition, both --ranger_java_path and --ranger_jar_path "
"flags need to be set properly for Ranger integration to work.");
DEFINE_string(ranger_java_path, "",
"Path where the Java binary was installed. If the value "
"isn't an absolute path (e.g. 'java'), it will be evaluated "
"using the Kudu user's PATH. If not specified, $JAVA_HOME/bin/java "
"is used. If $JAVA_HOME is not found, Kudu will attempt to "
"find 'java' in the Kudu user's PATH.");
DEFINE_string(ranger_java_extra_args, "",
"Extra JVM arguments to be passed to the Ranger subprocess.");
DEFINE_string(ranger_jar_path, "",
"Path to the JAR file containing the Ranger subprocess. If "
"not specified, the default JAR file path is expected to be "
"next to the master binary. It can be a colon-separated list of "
"JARs. If it is, the paths are not verified and passed straight to "
"Java.");
DEFINE_string(ranger_receiver_fifo_dir, "",
"Directory in which to create a fifo used to receive messages "
"from the Ranger subprocess. Existing fifos at this path will be "
"overwritten. If not specified, a fifo will be created in the "
"--ranger_config_path directory.");
TAG_FLAG(ranger_receiver_fifo_dir, advanced);
DEFINE_string(ranger_log_config_dir, "",
"Directory in which to look for a kudu-ranger-subprocess-log4j2.properties "
"file. If empty, will use the value of --log_dir. If such a file does not "
"exist, a properties file will be created to honor Kudu's logging "
"configurations.");
TAG_FLAG(ranger_log_config_dir, advanced);
TAG_FLAG(ranger_log_config_dir, evolving);
DEFINE_bool(ranger_overwrite_log_config, true,
"Whether to overwrite any existing logging configuration file, if found.");
TAG_FLAG(ranger_overwrite_log_config, advanced);
TAG_FLAG(ranger_overwrite_log_config, evolving);
DEFINE_string(ranger_log_level, "info",
"Log level to use in the Ranger Java subprocess. Supports \"all\", \"trace\", "
"\"debug\", \"info\", \"warn\", \"error\", \"fatal\", and \"off\"");
TAG_FLAG(ranger_log_level, advanced);
TAG_FLAG(ranger_log_level, evolving);
DEFINE_bool(ranger_logtostdout, false,
"Whether to have the Ranger subprocess log to stdout.");
TAG_FLAG(ranger_logtostdout, advanced);
TAG_FLAG(ranger_logtostdout, evolving);
DEFINE_bool(ranger_crash_master_on_subprocess_failure, true,
"Whether to crash the Master if the Ranger subprocess crashes.");
TAG_FLAG(ranger_crash_master_on_subprocess_failure, advanced);
DECLARE_int32(max_log_files);
DECLARE_uint32(max_log_size);
DECLARE_uint32(subprocess_max_message_size_bytes);
DECLARE_string(log_dir);
METRIC_DEFINE_histogram(server, ranger_subprocess_execution_time_ms,
"Ranger subprocess execution time (ms)",
kudu::MetricUnit::kMilliseconds,
"Duration of time in ms spent executing the Ranger subprocess request, excluding "
"time spent spent in the subprocess queues",
kudu::MetricLevel::kInfo,
60000LU, 1);
METRIC_DEFINE_histogram(server, ranger_subprocess_inbound_queue_length,
"Ranger subprocess inbound queue length",
kudu::MetricUnit::kMessages,
"Number of request messages in the Ranger subprocess' inbound request queue",
kudu::MetricLevel::kInfo,
1000, 1);
METRIC_DEFINE_histogram(server, ranger_subprocess_inbound_queue_time_ms,
"Ranger subprocess inbound queue time (ms)",
kudu::MetricUnit::kMilliseconds,
"Duration of time in ms spent in the Ranger subprocess' inbound request queue",
kudu::MetricLevel::kInfo,
60000LU, 1);
METRIC_DEFINE_histogram(server, ranger_subprocess_outbound_queue_length,
"Ranger subprocess outbound queue length",
kudu::MetricUnit::kMessages,
"Number of request messages in the Ranger subprocess' outbound response queue",
kudu::MetricLevel::kInfo,
1000, 1);
METRIC_DEFINE_histogram(server, ranger_subprocess_outbound_queue_time_ms,
"Ranger subprocess outbound queue time (ms)",
kudu::MetricUnit::kMilliseconds,
"Duration of time in ms spent in the Ranger subprocess' outbound response queue",
kudu::MetricLevel::kInfo,
60000LU, 1);
METRIC_DEFINE_histogram(server, ranger_server_inbound_queue_size_bytes,
"Ranger server inbound queue size (bytes)",
kudu::MetricUnit::kBytes,
"Number of bytes in the inbound response queue of the Ranger server, recorded "
"at the time a new response is read from the pipe and added to the inbound queue",
kudu::MetricLevel::kInfo,
4 * 1024 * 1024, 1);
METRIC_DEFINE_histogram(server, ranger_server_inbound_queue_time_ms,
"Ranger server inbound queue time (ms)",
kudu::MetricUnit::kMilliseconds,
"Duration of time in ms spent in the Ranger server's inbound response queue",
kudu::MetricLevel::kInfo,
60000LU, 1);
METRIC_DEFINE_histogram(server, ranger_server_outbound_queue_size_bytes,
"Ranger server outbound queue size (bytes)",
kudu::MetricUnit::kBytes,
"Number of bytes in the outbound request queue of the Ranger server, recorded "
"at the time a new request is added to the outbound request queue",
kudu::MetricLevel::kInfo,
4 * 1024 * 1024, 1);
METRIC_DEFINE_histogram(server, ranger_server_outbound_queue_time_ms,
"Ranger server outbound queue time (ms)",
kudu::MetricUnit::kMilliseconds,
"Duration of time in ms spent in the Ranger server's outbound request queue",
kudu::MetricLevel::kInfo,
60000LU, 1);
METRIC_DEFINE_counter(server, ranger_server_dropped_messages,
"Number of messages dropped by the subprocess server",
kudu::MetricUnit::kMessages,
"Number of responses that the Ranger client had sent, but the subprocess "
"server failed to receive because they were oversized, corrupted, etc.",
kudu::MetricLevel::kWarn);
DECLARE_string(keytab_file);
DECLARE_string(principal);
namespace kudu {
namespace ranger {
using kudu::security::GetKrb5ConfigFile;
using kudu::subprocess::SubprocessMetrics;
using kudu::subprocess::SubprocessServer;
using std::pair;
using std::string;
using std::unique_ptr;
using std::unordered_map;
using std::unordered_set;
using std::vector;
using strings::Substitute;
namespace {
const char* kDenyNonRangerTableTemplate = "Denying action on table with invalid name $0. "
"Use 'kudu table rename_table' to rename it to "
"a Ranger-compatible name.";
const char* kMainClass = "org.apache.kudu.subprocess.ranger.RangerSubprocessMain";
const char* kRangerClientLogFilename = "kudu-ranger-subprocess";
const char* kRangerClientPropertiesFilename = "kudu-ranger-subprocess-log4j2.properties";
// Returns the path to the JAR file containing the Ranger subprocess.
string RangerJarPath() {
if (FLAGS_ranger_jar_path.empty()) {
string exe;
CHECK_OK(Env::Default()->GetExecutablePath(&exe));
const string bin_dir = DirName(exe);
return JoinPathSegments(bin_dir, "kudu-subprocess.jar");
}
return FLAGS_ranger_jar_path;
}
// Returns the classpath to be used for the Ranger subprocess.
string JavaClasspath() {
DCHECK(!FLAGS_ranger_config_path.empty());
return Substitute("$0:$1", RangerJarPath(), FLAGS_ranger_config_path);
}
string RangerFifoBase() {
DCHECK(!FLAGS_ranger_config_path.empty());
const string& fifo_dir = FLAGS_ranger_receiver_fifo_dir.empty() ?
FLAGS_ranger_config_path : FLAGS_ranger_receiver_fifo_dir;
return JoinPathSegments(fifo_dir, "ranger_receiever_fifo");
}
string JavaPath() {
if (FLAGS_ranger_java_path.empty()) {
auto java_home = getenv("JAVA_HOME");
if (!java_home) {
return "java";
}
return JoinPathSegments(java_home, "bin/java");
}
return FLAGS_ranger_java_path;
}
bool ValidateLog4jLevel(const char* /*flagname*/, const string& value) {
static const vector<string> kLevels = {
"all",
"trace",
"debug",
"info",
"warn",
"error",
"fatal",
"off",
};
string vlower = value;
ToLowerCase(&vlower);
if (std::any_of(kLevels.begin(), kLevels.end(),
[&vlower] (const string& level) { return level == vlower; })) {
return true;
}
LOG(ERROR) << Substitute("expected one of {$0} but got $1",
JoinStrings(kLevels, ", "), value);
return false;
}
DEFINE_validator(ranger_log_level, &ValidateLog4jLevel);
Status GetOrCreateLog4j2PropertiesFile(Env* env, string* logging_properties_path) {
const string log_conf_dir = FLAGS_ranger_log_config_dir.empty() ?
FLAGS_log_dir : FLAGS_ranger_log_config_dir;
// It's generally expected that --log_dir has already been created elsewhere.
if (!FLAGS_ranger_log_config_dir.empty() && !env->FileExists(log_conf_dir)) {
RETURN_NOT_OK(env->CreateDir(log_conf_dir));
}
const string log4j2_properties_path = JoinPathSegments(log_conf_dir,
kRangerClientPropertiesFilename);
string file_state;
bool should_create_file = true;
if (env->FileExists(log4j2_properties_path)) {
if (FLAGS_ranger_overwrite_log_config) {
file_state = "overwritten";
} else {
file_state = "existing";
should_create_file = false;
}
} else {
file_state = "new";
}
if (should_create_file) {
// Write our new properties file to a tmp file first so other processes
// don't read a partial file (not expected, but just in case).
unique_ptr<WritableFile> tmp_file;
string tmp_path;
WritableFileOptions opts;
opts.is_sensitive = false;
RETURN_NOT_OK(env->NewTempWritableFile(opts,
Substitute("$0.XXXXXX", log4j2_properties_path),
&tmp_path, &tmp_file));
// If anything fails, clean up the tmp file.
auto tmp_deleter = MakeScopedCleanup([&] {
WARN_NOT_OK(env->DeleteFile(tmp_path),
Substitute("Couldn't clean up tmp file $0", tmp_path));
});
string exe;
RETURN_NOT_OK(env->GetExecutablePath(&exe));
const string program_name = BaseName(exe);
string hostname;
RETURN_NOT_OK(GetHostname(&hostname));
const string log_filename = Substitute("$0.$1", kRangerClientLogFilename, hostname);
RETURN_NOT_OK(tmp_file->Append(
subprocess::Log4j2Properties(program_name, FLAGS_log_dir, log_filename,
FLAGS_max_log_size, FLAGS_max_log_files,
FLAGS_ranger_log_level,
FLAGS_ranger_logtostdout)));
RETURN_NOT_OK(tmp_file->Sync());
RETURN_NOT_OK(tmp_file->Close());
// Now atomically swap in our file.
RETURN_NOT_OK_PREPEND(env->RenameFile(tmp_path, log4j2_properties_path),
Substitute("Failed to rename tmp file $0 to $1", tmp_path, log4j2_properties_path));
tmp_deleter.cancel();
}
LOG(INFO) << Substitute("Using $0 properties file: $1",
file_state, log4j2_properties_path);
*logging_properties_path = log4j2_properties_path;
return Status::OK();
}
// Builds the arguments to start the Ranger subprocess with the given receiver
// fifo path and logging properties file. Specifically pass the principal and
// keytab file that the Ranger subprocess will log in with if Kerberos is
// enabled. 'args' has the final arguments. Returns 'OK' if arguments
// successfully created, error otherwise.
Status BuildArgv(const string& fifo_path, const string& log_properties_path,
vector<string>* argv) {
DCHECK(argv);
DCHECK(!FLAGS_ranger_config_path.empty());
// Pass the required arguments to run the Ranger subprocess.
vector<string> ret = {
JavaPath(),
Substitute("-Djava.security.krb5.conf=$0", GetKrb5ConfigFile()),
Substitute("-Dlog4j2.configurationFile=$0", log_properties_path),
};
if (!FLAGS_ranger_java_extra_args.empty()) {
vector<string> args = strings::Split(FLAGS_ranger_java_extra_args, " ", strings::SkipEmpty());
for (auto& arg : args) {
ret.emplace_back(std::move(arg));
}
}
ret.emplace_back("-cp");
ret.emplace_back(JavaClasspath());
ret.emplace_back(kMainClass);
// When Kerberos is enabled in Kudu, pass both Kudu principal and keytab file
// to the Ranger subprocess.
if (!FLAGS_keytab_file.empty()) {
string configured_principal;
RETURN_NOT_OK_PREPEND(security::GetConfiguredPrincipal(FLAGS_principal, &configured_principal),
"unable to get the configured principal from for the Ranger subprocess");
ret.emplace_back("-i");
ret.emplace_back(std::move(configured_principal));
ret.emplace_back("-k");
ret.emplace_back(FLAGS_keytab_file);
}
ret.emplace_back("-m");
ret.emplace_back(std::to_string(FLAGS_subprocess_max_message_size_bytes));
ret.emplace_back("-o");
ret.emplace_back(fifo_path);
*argv = std::move(ret);
return Status::OK();
}
} // anonymous namespace
bool ValidateRangerConfiguration() {
if (!FLAGS_ranger_config_path.empty()) {
// First, check the specified Java path.
const string java_path = JavaPath();
if (!Env::Default()->FileExists(java_path)) {
// Otherwise, since the specified path is not absolute, check if
// the Java binary is on the PATH.
string p;
Status s = Subprocess::Call({ "which", java_path }, "", &p);
if (!s.ok()) {
LOG(ERROR) << Substitute("--ranger_java_path has invalid java binary path: $0",
java_path);
return false;
}
}
const string ranger_jar_path = RangerJarPath();
// If the JAR path contains a colon, we skip verifying the paths and leave
// it to Java.
if (ranger_jar_path.find(':') == string::npos &&
!Env::Default()->FileExists(ranger_jar_path)) {
LOG(ERROR) << Substitute("--ranger_jar_path has invalid JAR file path: $0",
ranger_jar_path);
return false;
}
// If kerberos keytab file is not provided, ranger subprocess cannot start.
if (FLAGS_keytab_file.empty()) {
LOG(ERROR) << Substitute("--keytab_file is not set");
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
GROUP_FLAG_VALIDATOR(ranger_config_flags, ValidateRangerConfiguration);
#define CINIT(member, x) member = METRIC_##x.Instantiate(entity)
#define HISTINIT(member, x) member = METRIC_##x.Instantiate(entity)
RangerSubprocessMetrics::RangerSubprocessMetrics(const scoped_refptr<MetricEntity>& entity) {
HISTINIT(sp_inbound_queue_length, ranger_subprocess_inbound_queue_length);
HISTINIT(sp_inbound_queue_time_ms, ranger_subprocess_inbound_queue_time_ms);
HISTINIT(sp_outbound_queue_length, ranger_subprocess_outbound_queue_length);
HISTINIT(sp_outbound_queue_time_ms, ranger_subprocess_outbound_queue_time_ms);
HISTINIT(sp_execution_time_ms, ranger_subprocess_execution_time_ms);
HISTINIT(server_inbound_queue_size_bytes, ranger_server_inbound_queue_size_bytes);
HISTINIT(server_inbound_queue_time_ms, ranger_server_inbound_queue_time_ms);
HISTINIT(server_outbound_queue_size_bytes, ranger_server_outbound_queue_size_bytes);
HISTINIT(server_outbound_queue_time_ms, ranger_server_outbound_queue_time_ms);
CINIT(server_dropped_messages, ranger_server_dropped_messages);
}
#undef HISTINIT
#undef CINIT
RangerClient::RangerClient(Env* env, const scoped_refptr<MetricEntity>& metric_entity)
: env_(env), metric_entity_(metric_entity) {
DCHECK(metric_entity);
}
Status RangerClient::Start() {
VLOG(1) << "Initializing Ranger subprocess server";
string log_properties_path;
RETURN_NOT_OK(GetOrCreateLog4j2PropertiesFile(env_, &log_properties_path));
const string fifo_path = SubprocessServer::FifoPath(RangerFifoBase());
vector<string> argv;
RETURN_NOT_OK(BuildArgv(fifo_path, log_properties_path, &argv));
subprocess_.reset(new RangerSubprocess(env_, fifo_path, argv, metric_entity_,
"Ranger client subprocess",
FLAGS_ranger_crash_master_on_subprocess_failure));
return subprocess_->Start();
}
// TODO(abukor): refactor to avoid code duplication
Status RangerClient::AuthorizeAction(const string& user_name, const ActionPB& action,
const string& database, const string& table, bool is_owner,
bool requires_delegate_admin, bool* authorized,
Scope scope) {
DCHECK(subprocess_);
RangerRequestListPB req_list;
RangerResponseListPB resp_list;
req_list.set_user(user_name);
RangerRequestPB* req = req_list.add_requests();
req->set_action(action);
req->set_database(database);
req->set_requires_delegate_admin(requires_delegate_admin);
req->set_is_owner(is_owner);
// Only pass the table name if this is table level request.
if (scope == Scope::TABLE) {
req->set_table(table);
}
RETURN_NOT_OK(subprocess_->Execute(req_list, &resp_list));
CHECK_EQ(1, resp_list.responses_size());
*authorized = resp_list.responses().begin()->allowed();
return Status::OK();
}
Status RangerClient::AuthorizeActionMultipleColumns(const string& user_name, const ActionPB& action,
const string& database, const string& table,
bool is_owner,
unordered_set<string>* column_names) {
DCHECK(subprocess_);
DCHECK(!column_names->empty());
RangerRequestListPB req_list;
RangerResponseListPB resp_list;
req_list.set_user(user_name);
for (const auto& col : *column_names) {
auto req = req_list.add_requests();
req->set_action(action);
req->set_database(database);
req->set_table(table);
req->set_column(col);
req->set_is_owner(is_owner);
}
RETURN_NOT_OK(subprocess_->Execute(req_list, &resp_list));
DCHECK_EQ(column_names->size(), resp_list.responses_size());
unordered_set<string> allowed_columns;
for (auto i = 0; i < req_list.requests_size(); ++i) {
if (resp_list.responses(i).allowed()) {
EmplaceOrDie(&allowed_columns, req_list.requests(i).column());
}
}
*column_names = std::move(allowed_columns);
return Status::OK();
}
Status RangerClient::AuthorizeActionMultipleTables(const string& user_name, const ActionPB& action,
unordered_map<string, bool>* tables) {
DCHECK(subprocess_);
RangerRequestListPB req_list;
RangerResponseListPB resp_list;
req_list.set_user(user_name);
vector<pair<string, bool>> orig_table_names;
for (const auto& table : *tables) {
string db;
Slice tbl;
auto s = ParseRangerTableIdentifier(table.first, &db, &tbl);
if (PREDICT_TRUE(s.ok())) {
orig_table_names.emplace_back(table);
auto req = req_list.add_requests();
req->set_action(action);
req->set_database(db);
req->set_table(tbl.ToString());
req->set_is_owner(table.second);
} else {
LOG(WARNING) << Substitute(kDenyNonRangerTableTemplate, table.first);
}
}
RETURN_NOT_OK(subprocess_->Execute(req_list, &resp_list));
DCHECK_EQ(orig_table_names.size(), resp_list.responses_size());
unordered_map<string, bool> allowed_tables;
for (auto i = 0; i < orig_table_names.size(); ++i) {
if (resp_list.responses(i).allowed()) {
EmplaceOrDie(&allowed_tables, std::move(orig_table_names[i]));
}
}
*tables = std::move(allowed_tables);
return Status::OK();
}
Status RangerClient::AuthorizeActions(const string& user_name, const string& database,
const string& table, bool is_owner,
unordered_set<ActionPB, ActionHash>* actions,
Scope scope) {
DCHECK(subprocess_);
DCHECK(!actions->empty());
RangerRequestListPB req_list;
RangerResponseListPB resp_list;
req_list.set_user(user_name);
for (const auto& action : *actions) {
auto req = req_list.add_requests();
req->set_action(action);
req->set_database(database);
if (scope == Scope::TABLE) {
req->set_table(table);
req->set_is_owner(is_owner);
}
}
RETURN_NOT_OK(subprocess_->Execute(req_list, &resp_list));
DCHECK_EQ(actions->size(), resp_list.responses_size());
unordered_set<ActionPB, ActionHash> allowed_actions;
for (auto i = 0; i < req_list.requests_size(); ++i) {
if (resp_list.responses(i).allowed()) {
EmplaceOrDie(&allowed_actions, req_list.requests(i).action());
}
}
*actions = std::move(allowed_actions);
return Status::OK();
}
Status RangerClient::RefreshPolicies() {
DCHECK(subprocess_);
RangerRequestListPB req_list;
RangerResponseListPB resp_list;
req_list.mutable_control_request()->set_refresh_policies(true);
RETURN_NOT_OK(subprocess_->Execute(req_list, &resp_list));
if (PREDICT_TRUE(!resp_list.control_response().success())) {
string err = resp_list.control_response().error();
return Status::RemoteError(err);
}
return Status::OK();
}
} // namespace ranger
} // namespace kudu
``` |
Lars Törnman (born 6 May 1951) is a Swedish mine worker, trade union leader, politician, municipal commissioner, and mayor of Kiruna in 1994–2003 and 2008–2010 (sharing the latter post in 1998–2002 and 2008–2010). Törnman was born in Kiruna, Norrbotten County. He was a devoted Social Democrat until his founding of the Kiruna Party in 1994 and again since 2010. He made a failed attempt to reach the Riksdag of Sweden by running his Kiruna Party jointly with another local party as the Norrbotten Party (falling, with 9.1%, little more than two points short of the 12% threshold which would have allowed for a parliamentary seat for Törnman).
During the 1990s and early 2000s the Kiruna Party was the dominant political force of Kiruna, dropping the Social Democrats with over a fifth of the electorate in its first showing in 1994. Later, successes were mixed, but dwindled after 2003, when the leadership of the town was forced to resign after internal disputes. Törnman was again appointed Municipal commissioner in 2008, two years after a devastating electoral showing, but returned to the Social Democrats in 2010.
References
1951 births
Living people
Swedish politicians
Swedish miners |
The Boardwalk Battle Tournament is an early-season college basketball tournament operated by the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame that takes place in early December of each year.
The tournament had its inaugural run in December 2018. The tournament's name was changed from the Boardwalk Classic to the Boardwalk Battle Tournament in 2019.
History
Beginning in December 2018, the Boardwalk Battle Tournament featured eight teams in a quadruple header.
Yearly Results
Wins By Team
References
Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
College basketball competitions
Basketball in New Jersey
Sports competitions in Atlantic City, New Jersey
2018 establishments in New Jersey |
Li Sheng may refer to:
Li Sheng (Three Kingdoms) (李勝: ? - 249), Cao Wei official
Li Sheng (Tang dynasty) (李晟: 727-793), Tang dynasty general
Li Sheng (artist) (fl. 1346), Chinese landscape artist
Li Sheng (computer scientist) (李生; born 1943) |
```xml
import { hasNext, noNext } from '../iterablehelpers.js';
import { of } from 'ix/iterable/index.js';
test('Iterable#of behavior', () => {
const res = of(1, 2, 3);
const it = res[Symbol.iterator]();
hasNext(it, 1);
hasNext(it, 2);
hasNext(it, 3);
noNext(it);
});
``` |
Mathew Allan Leckie (born 4 February 1991) is an Australian soccer player who plays for Melbourne City FC in the A-League and the Australian national team (for whom he has previously been the captain). Leckie, being a quick and agile player, is usually placed on the wing. However, he has previously been deployed as a midfielder, striker/second striker and even as a wing-back.
Club career
Early life
As a child growing up in Melbourne's Western Suburbs, Leckie actually aspired to play Australian rules football, his family supporting Essendon and Box Hill, however at 11 years old a change to a school in Sunshine North with a more multicultural student body and close friends inspired him to take up football and he "never looked back".
Leckie was a member of Victorian State League Division 1 outfit, Bulleen Lions until 2 September 2009, where Leckie was signed to Adelaide United for a two-year professional contract.
Adelaide United
He made his A-League debut on 18 September for Adelaide United coming on as a substitute in the 75th minute against Melbourne Victory.
Leckie scored the winning goal in his first AFC Champions League match on 24 February 2010, against the reigning champions Pohang Steelers at Hindmarsh Stadium. He followed this up by scoring his second goal in as many games against Shandong Luneng in Adelaide's 2–0 win on Match Day 2 of the Champions League. Leckie is considered to be one of Australia's best young players.
Leckie started the 2010–11 season with a bang, scoring twice in Adelaide's first five games, earning wide praise for his entertaining and robust style of play and winning the favour of the Australian U19 side for their competing in the 2010 AFC Under-19 championships.
Borussia Mönchengladbach
At the end of the A-League season he signed for German side Borussia Mönchengladbach. He scored his first goals for his new club with a double in a 5–2 friendly win against Aberdeen on 9 July 2011. In early 2013, he was loaned out to Frankfurt and has since scored 3 goals in only 2 appearances for the reserve team.
FSV Frankfurt
On 3 June 2013, Leckie made his loan move to FSV Frankfurt permanent, signing a three-year contract that would run until 2016. Leckie stated the move was made to maximise his personal development and to build on the successes of his first season spent at FSV on loan where he made 28 appearances and scored 4 goals.
FC Ingolstadt 04
On 7 May 2014, he signed a three-year contract with FC Ingolstadt 04. While playing for Ingolstadt, the club was promoted to the Bundesliga at the end of the 2014–15 season. In the 2015–16 Bundesliga season Leckie scored a goal against FC Augsburg, which was one of three goals he scored that season and one of the season's best goals.
Hertha BSC
On 22 May 2017, it was announced that Leckie had signed for Hertha BSC for the 2017–18 season. He began his spell positively, appearing in many pre-season matches and assisting two goals in his first competitive appearance for the club in the first round of the DFB Pokal against Hansa Rostock. Leckie scored two goals on his debut for Hertha BSC on matchday one of the 2017–18 Bundesliga season against VfB Stuttgart in a 2–0 home victory. After the game Leckie said: "It's probably one of the best weeks of my life, so I'm definitely a happy guy at the moment."
Leckie scored his first European goal in a 3–2 away defeat to Athletic Bilbao in the 2017–18 Europa League on 23 November 2017.
Since the 2019–20 season, Leckie has played a combined total of thirteen matches in all competitions for Hertha (excluding his one appearance for Hertha BSC II in Regionalliga Nordost []), compared to his forty-eight in the previous two. Leckie has also scored zero goals in the latter two seasons and eight in the former. It was reported in early 2020 that Leckie wanted to leave Hertha BSC, with Leckie stating: "[I'll] do everything I can to leave," adding that "I wanted to leave [before this season] and I had the feeling a lot would change." In May 2020, Leckie decided to stay with Hertha BSC for another season when he stated on the Fox Football Podcast, "...so for family reasons I decided to stay here for another season."
Melbourne City FC
On 5 June 2021, it was announced that Leckie had signed a three year deal to join Melbourne City FC.
International career
In August 2009, Leckie was selected to represent Australia in the AFF U19 Youth Championship 2009, where he opened up the score-sheet in the 4–1 win over hosts, Vietnam, in the semi-finals.
Mathew was called up to the Australian Under-19s for the 2010 AFC U-19 Championship.
Ex-Australian National Coach, Pim Verbeek, named Leckie in the 25 man Socceroos squad for the AFC Asian Cup 2011 Qualifier against Indonesia. Leckie didn't make an appearance in the game which Australia won 1–0 to book their place in the Asian Cup.
Ex-Australian national coach Holger Osieck included Leckie in the squad for the international friendly against the Republic of Korea on 14 November 2012. Leckie came on as a late substitution with only limited time on the ball.
Australian National Coach, Ange Postecoglou, included Leckie in the squad for the international friendly against Costa Rica on 19 November 2013.
2014 World Cup
Leckie had an outstanding World Cup campaign resulting in pundits estimating his worth at $10 million. He was quoted saying he does not regret his decision to sign for German second division club FC Ingolstadt, recognising that he may have had offers from larger clubs following his World Cup performances.
"So whether I could have maybe had other offers now after this World Cup if I hadn't signed, I never would have known."
2015 Asian Cup
Leckie was named as part of Australia's 2015 AFC Asian Cup squad. He started Australia's first game of the tournament against Kuwait, hitting the crossbar in the second half, and then providing the assist for James Troisi to score Australia's fourth goal of the match and helping Australia to a 4–1 win.
2017 Confederations Cup
Leckie took part in Australia's hopes of success in the 2017 Confederations Cup after the squad was announced in May 2017. He started the first two group matches and came on as a Substitute in the last group match in the 57th minute against Chile.
2018 World Cup qualification
On 3 September 2015, Leckie scored his second goal for Australia, and his first since 2013, opening the scoring against Bangladesh in a 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifier. On 5 September 2017, Leckie scored his 6th international goal for Australia against Thailand.
In May 2018, he was named in Australia's 23-man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia.
Captaincy
In May 2021, he was named the new captain of the Socceroos, replacing the retired Mark Milligan. Later in 2021 Leckie withdrew indefinitely from the national team, due to hotel quarantine requirements imposed on overseas travelers due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
2022 World Cup
In November 2022, Leckie was included in the squad for the 2022 World Cup. In the third and final crucial group game against Denmark, he scored the winner in a 1–0 victory that ensured qualification to the round of 16.
Career statistics
Club
International
Statistics accurate as of match played 30 November 2022.
Honours
Ingolstadt 04
2. Bundesliga: 2014–15
Melbourne City
A-League Premiership: 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23
Australia U20
AFF U19 Youth Championship: 2010
AFC U19 Championship runner-up: 2010
Australia
AFC Asian Cup: 2015
Individual
Adelaide United Rising Star: 2009–10
A-Leagues All Star: 2022
PFA A-League Team of the Season: 2022–23
References
External links
1991 births
Australian people of Scottish descent
Australia men's international soccer players
A-League Men players
Adelaide United FC players
Borussia Mönchengladbach players
Borussia Mönchengladbach II players
FSV Frankfurt players
FC Ingolstadt 04 players
Hertha BSC players
Melbourne City FC players
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
2015 AFC Asian Cup players
2017 FIFA Confederations Cup players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Australian expatriate men's soccer players
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Australian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Soccer players from Melbourne
Living people
AFC Asian Cup-winning players
Men's association football wingers
Men's association football forwards
2019 AFC Asian Cup players
Australian men's soccer players
2022 FIFA World Cup players |
Oulema palustris is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America.
References
Further reading
Criocerinae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1913 |
Wallbank is a topographical surname of British origin, which was in use in Lancashire by the 13th century, and meant a person who lived by the bank of a stream or river. Alternative spellings including de Wallbank, Walbank, Walbanks, and Wallbanks. The name may refer to:
Allan Wallbank (born 1937), New Zealand politician
F. W. Walbank (1909–2008), British historian
Fred Wallbanks (1908–1948), British football player
Horace Wallbanks, English footballer
John Wallbanks (1905–1987), British football player
Matthew W. Walbank (1824–1874), Canadian politician
Newell Smith Wallbank (1875–1945), British composer
Paul Wallbank (born 1962), Australian writer
Phyllis Wallbank (born 1918), British educator
T. Walter Wallbank (1901–1992), American historian
References
Surnames of British Isles origin |
Overshoot may refer to:
Overshoot (population), when a population exceeds the environment's carrying capacity
Overshoot: The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change, 1980 book by William R. Catton, Jr.
Overshoot (signal), when a signal exceeds its steady state value
Overshoot (microwave communication), unintended reception of microwave signals
Overshoot (migration), when migratory birds end up further than intended
Overshoot (typography) the degree to which a letter dips below the baseline, or exceeds the cap height
Overshoot (combat aviation), a key concept in basic fighter maneuvers (BFM)
Overshoot (epidemiology), when the proportion of a population infected exceeds the herd immunity threshold
In economics, the overshooting model for the volatility of exchange rates |
The Angolan long-eared bat (Laephotis angolensis) is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family. It can be found in moist savanna in Angola and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Taxonomy and etymology
It was described as a new species in 1935 by Albert Monard. In papers published in 1953 and 1971, the Angolan long-eared bat was treated as a subspecies of De Winton's long-eared bat. However, it is generally treated as a full species at present. It has been suggested that it may be synonymous with Botswanan long-eared bat. Its species name "angolensis" is Latin for "Angolan," likely in reference to the fact that the holotype was encountered near Dala, Angola.
Description
Its dental formula is for a total of 32 teeth. The fur of its back is yellowish- or reddish-brown. Ventral fur is pale gray or cream in color.
Range and habitat
It has only been documented in the Central Zambezian miombo woodlands. Its range includes Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Conservation
It is considered a locally rare species. As of 2008, it is assessed as a data deficient species by the IUCN.
References
Laephotis
Mammals described in 1935
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Bats of Africa |
NGC 7492 is a globular cluster in the constellation Aquarius. It was discovered by the astronomer William Herschel on September 20, 1786. It resides in the outskirts of the Milky Way, about 80,000 light-years away, more than twice the distance between the Sun and the center of the galaxy, and is a benchmark member of the outer galactic halo. The cluster is immersed in, but does not kinematically belong to, the Sagittarius Stream.
NGC 7492 possess a tidal tail 3.5 degrees long, embedded into an over-density of stars which may be the remnants of a disrupted dwarf galaxy. The shape of the cluster is flattened rather than spherical, likely due to dynamical interaction with the Milky Way.
References
Globular clusters
Aquarius (constellation)
7492 |
Oruj Qeshlaq-e Hajj Almas Khan (, also Romanized as Orūj Qeshlāq-e Ḩājj Almās Khān) is a village in Qeshlaq-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Parsabad County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 102, in 21 families.
References
Towns and villages in Parsabad County |
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</clickhouse>
``` |
We Con the World is a 2010 video clip that satirizes the purportedly peaceful intentions of the political activists aboard the Turkish-owned flagship, MV Mavi Marmara, which led the Free Gaza flotilla. The video uses the tune and style of the 1985 video "We Are the World", with actors portraying the ship's captain and passengers while waving fake weapons as they sing in criticism of the activists' attempts to "make the world abandon reason" and ignore facts about Hamas as they try to breach the Gaza blockade.
The video was produced in 2010 by American-Israeli Caroline Glick, a columnist for the Jerusalem Post, and Latma TV, an Israeli media satire website she edits. The website is an initiative of the Center for Security Policy, a conservative organization located in Washington, D.C. Glick makes an appearance in the chorus, wearing a keffiyeh.
Creation
Latma TV director Shlomo Blass told a reporter for the Israeli newspaper Yedioth Ahronoth that he had decided to respond on the day of the Gaza flotilla raid. "I immediately called the site editor, Caroline Glick, and said to her: 'We have to do something'."
Glick described the video as a parody, featuring the "Turkish-Hamas 'love boat' captain crew and passengers in a musical explanation of how they con the world," and told the press that "We think this is an important Israeli contribution to the discussion of recent events and we hope you distribute it far and wide."
Description
The video satirizes the purportedly peaceful intentions of the political activists aboard the MV Mavi Marmara, the Turkish-owned flagship that led the "blockade busting" Free Gaza Gaza flotilla. Actors portraying the ship's captain and passengers wave fake weapons as they sing, with affected Arab accents, "We'll make the world abandon reason / We'll make them all believe that the Hamas is Momma Theresa", "As Allah has shown us / For facts there's no demand". The captain of the parody crew sings "Ithbah al-Yahud" (اذبح اليهود, i.e. "Slaughter the Jews" in Arabic).
The video uses the tune and style of the 1985 video "We Are the World" by Michael Jackson and Lionel Richie.
Response
Robert Mackey of the New York Times characterizes the video as "suggest[ing] that the activists on board the flotilla were, in fact, violent provocateurs." Jeff Stein of the Washington Post quotes a CIA officer who calls it "pretty clever agitprop." Writing in the Huffington Post, journalist Eileen Read called on the Jerusalem Post to fire Glick for making fun of the dead in the "blatantly racist" video.
The Israeli foreign ministry press office sent it to a list of journalists, and three hours later sent an apology describing the emailed video as having been "inadvertently released."
The spokesman for the Office of the Prime Minister of Israel, Mark Regev, told The Guardian that "I called my kids in to watch it because I thought it was funny. It is what Israelis feel. But the government has nothing to do with it."
In June 2010 David Lev wrote in an Arutz Sheva news article that the video received over three million views in less than a week. As of September 2015, the original video page showed that it had received over 2.78 million hits.
YouTube has versions with subtitles in Hebrew, Spanish, English, French, Russian, Portuguese, and Hungarian.
Copyright controversy
A week after the parody appeared, it was pulled by YouTube "due to a copyright claim by Warner/ Chappell Music, Inc." Glick argued that it was legal and permissible to use copyrighted material under the fair use doctrine for purposes of parody.
Lawrence Solomon opined in the National Post that "parodies are not subject to a copyright claim" and that "YouTube carries numerous other parodies of 'We are the world' – a search on the YouTube site of 'We are the world spoof' turns up 5,100 results":
"YouTube's real problem with this viral hit is the virus of anti-Semitism. 'We con the world,' which portrays terrorists on the Gaza flotilla's ship, the MV Mavi Marmara, explaining how they'll con the world, hits too close to home for many Hamas sympathizers, who mounted a successful campaign to cow YouTube".
Several weeks after its removal the original video was restored on its channel.
Participants
Caroline Glick, Noam Jacobson, Tal Gilad, Shlomo Blass, Elchanan Even-Chen, Karni Eldad, Ronit Avrahamof, Nachum Shteiner, and Yoram Schwartz participated in the video.
References
External links
Original video
Video as presented on Latma TV with parody newscast lead-in featuring the so-called Captain Stabbing waving a knife
Video in hotair website
Latma TV website
2010 short films
2010 songs
Criticism of journalism
Gaza flotilla raid
Israeli humour
Israeli political satire
Satirical songs
Songs about boats
Songs about Turkey
Songs about oceans and seas
Songs based on actual events
Musical parodies
Viral videos |
Bondei is a Northeast Coast Bantu of Tanzania closely related to Shambala.
External links
Collections for a handbook of the Boondéi language By Herbert Willoughby Woodward (1882)
References
Northeast Coast Bantu languages |
Mengcheng County () is a county in the northwest of Anhui Province, China. It is under the administration of Bozhou city, bordering Lixin County. It is famous for its beef production and for Zhuangzi, 4th century BCE philosopher. Niu Qun, a well-known comedian, used to serve as deputy magistrate of Mengcheng County.
Administrative divisions
In the present, Mengcheng County has 13 towns, 2 townships and 2 others.
13 towns
2 townships
Xiaoxinji ()
Wangji ()
2 Others
Fanji Industrial Park ()
Baiyang Forestry ()
Climate
References
External links
Official website of Mengcheng County Government
Bozhou |
Angeliki Kiourtsaki (; born August 18, 1954), known as Angela Dimitriou (, ), is a Greek singer.
She is also famous in the Arab countries across the Middle East, with her song "Margarites" hitting the top of the charts in Lebanon, among other places. She made a song with Egyptian singer Amr Diab called "Ana Bahebak Aktar." Both songs were produced by Minos-Emi Greece A&R manager Vangelis Yannopoulos through his connections with EMI Arabia. She also covered Marc Almond's song "Death's Diary", in Greek titled "Astrapes kai Vrontes" (Lightnings and Thunders). She is often criticized because of her low education and her comic manner of verbal expression. Angela Dimitriou's biggest hit and signature song is "Fotia Sta Savvatovrada" ("Fire on Saturday Nights") produced by Sony Music A&R manager Yannis Doulamis. Her CD single Ah Patrida Mou went gold. On 14 March 2010, Alpha TV ranked Dimitriou the ninth top-certified female artist in the nation's phonographic era (since 1960).
Discography
1979: Antzela Dimitriou
1980: Gia Ti Na 'rtheis Arga gold
1983: Oti Poume Metaxi Mas
1983: Mia Vradia Sta Bouzoukia No. 1
1984: Mia Vradia Sta Bouzoukia No. 2
1984: Peste Tou
1985: Poia Thisia - Gold platinum
1986: Dio Fones - Gold
1987: Kanonise To
1987: Mia Vradia Stin Fantasia No. 1 - Gold
1988: Mia Vradia Stin Fantasia No. 2
1988: Mia S'agapo Mia Se Miso gold
1989: Na Sou Orkisto - Gold
1990: Esi Ti Les - Platinum
1991: Exerountai - Platinum
1992: Fotia Sta Savvatovrada: 1982–1992 Deka Hronia Tragoudi - Double Platinum
1992: Kokkino Tis Fotias - Gold platinum
1993: Ftaiei O Erotas (CD single)
1993: Ftaiei O Erotas - Platinum
1994: Pes Afto Pou Theleis (first co operation with Foivos) - Gold platinum
1995: Gynaika Ego - Gold platinum
1996: Ektos Eleghou I Amartia
1996: Mi Mas Agapas - gold Platinum
1997: Ta Zeibekika Tis Antzelas
1998: 100% - Gold platinum
1999: Margarites (CD single)
1999: Kane Stin Akri - Gold platinum
2000: Mavri Lista - Gold platinum
2001: Hilia Prosopa
2002: Ti Na Ta Kano Afta Pou Eho (CD single)
2002: Opou Me Paei I Kardia gold
2004: Kyria Me Gnorises, Kyria Tha Meino...Live gold
2004: Gia Sena (CD single)
2004: The Best Of Antzela Dimitriou
2004: Pios Eisai
2005: S'eho?
2006: Oxygono + Live
2007: Ah! Patrida Mou - Gold
2007: Ta' Da Ola gold
2008: Ftaine Oi Antres
2010: Gyalina Ftera gold
2011: Meine Ekei - Gold
2013: Come Back - gold Platinum
2015: Standard gold platinum
Singles
2014: Apo 'do Kai Pera (cd single)
2016: Oti Mou Anikei (cd single)
2016: Anexartiti (cd single)
2017: An Nyhtosei (cd single)
2018: An Eiha Enan Anthropo (cd single)
2018: De M' Aggizei I Krisi (cd single)
2019: Patera Na 'Souna Edo (cd single)
2019: Kita Me (cd single)
2020: Vale Rdio (cd single)
2020: Tha Synehiso (cd single)
2020: Vges (Single)
References
External links
20th-century Greek women singers
Singers from Athens
Living people
Greek laïko singers
1954 births
Minos EMI artists
21st-century Greek women singers |
Solrød Municipality () is a kommune in the Region Sjælland on the east coast of the island of Zealand in east Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 40 km², and has a total population of 24,216 (2023). Its mayor is Emil Blücher, a member of the Liberal Alliance political party. The municipal seat is Solrød Strand.
Overview
Most of the population lives in an urbanized belt between the coast of Køge Bay and the E47 motorway, developed in the 1970s. The northern part of the belt is Solrød Stand; this is the site of the municipal council. The southern part is Jersie Strand.
The coastal belt is connected by S-train to central Copenhagen to the north, and to the city of Køge to the south, with stations at Solrød Strand and Jersie Strand.
Further inland lies fertile farmland, dotted with the old villages of Karlstrup, Solrød, Jersie, Kirke Skensved, and Gammel Havdrup. The town of Havdrup has a station on the Little South Line railway between Roskilde and Køge.
Neighboring municipalities are Greve to the north, Roskilde to the west, and Køge to the south. To the east is Køge Bay (Køge Bugt).
There are popular beaches along the Køge Bay coast, and the municipality is a popular summer house area. The area attracts both local day visitors and summer vacationers who are interested in boating, beaches and sunshine.
History
The 2007 municipal reform left the boundaries of Solrød unchanged.
Urban areas
There are four urban areas in the municipality:
and
Karlstrup
Politics
Municipal council
Solrød's municipal council consists of 19 members, elected every four years.
Below are the municipal councils elected since the Municipal Reform of 2007.
References
Municipal statistics: NetBorger Kommunefakta, delivered from KMD aka Kommunedata (Municipal Data)
Municipal mergers and neighbors: Eniro new municipalities map
External links
Municipalities of Region Zealand
Municipalities of Denmark
Copenhagen metropolitan area |
Han Hyeong-min (born 7 January 1971) is a South Korean boxer. He competed in the men's light welterweight event at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
References
1971 births
Living people
South Korean male boxers
Olympic boxers for South Korea
Boxers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing (living people)
Light-welterweight boxers |
Barrow is a public sculpture by an American artist Jill Viney. It is located on the Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis campus, which is near downtown Indianapolis, Indiana. The sculpture is just north of the Herron School of Art on New York Street. This sculpture is made from a double wall of fiberglass encasing a sheet of metal meshing. Barrow measures and in diameter. Barrow was installed at IUPUI at noon on 7 May 2008.
Description
Barrow consists of a molded fiberglass hemisphere with two entry ways. These entry ways are identical rectangular shapes with rounded edges. They are located directly opposite one another, with one located at the sculpture's proper front and the other at its proper back. The fiberglass is molded so that it forms a double wall around an encased sheet of metal meshing. The wall of the fiberglass that is seen from within the sculpture has been allowed to develop darkly, while the outside is light and shiny. The double wall of fiberglass occupies mass, but also contains space. This alters the viewers a changing perception of light and color.
From the outside, the fiberglass has been molded so that the thin vertical ridges begin at the bottom of one side, ascend framing the entry ways, and descend down the other side. These strips continue over the dome, and frame the entry way on the opposite side. The metal meshing gives the fiberglass an interesting visual effect of texture, within being able to feel it.
The sculpture sits on a square concrete base at a 45 degree angle. Once inside the sculpture, there is a rubber mat on the base to allow viewers to move within the space safely. Upon entering the sculpture, one is inclined to look up at its ceiling. There is a bullseye shaped pattern consisting of a thin red outline, surrounding a large blue circle. Within the blue circle is a smaller red outline surrounding a much smaller yellow circle.
Commissioning
Barrow was commissioned for IUPUI in 2007. The sculpture was installed at the Herron School of Art on Wednesday, May 7, at noon. Barrow will remain on display for two years. Barrow was inspired by Viney's visits to caves and burial mounds in Ireland and France. The word barrow means a prehistoric burial mound used by Celtic people of France, England, Scotland, and Ireland. Viney's inspiration for the ceiling of Barrow came from her experience in an actual barrow in Ireland. While inside the mound's central rounded space, a beam of light came streaming in through a slot in the ceiling. These slots were used to chart the solstices, and the paths of the sun and moon. The space also had empty niches in the walls, resembling the entry ways in Barrow.
While visiting the Peche Merle cave in France along the river Dordogne, Viney discovered a cave with paintings and images lining the walls. The artists had crushed red oxide rock into a powder, and then blown it around their hands, leaving a negative imprint on the wall. The thumb and forefinger were touching, leaving behind a repeated circle pattern along the walls of the cave. This is red pattern is the influence for the red in Viney's patterned ceiling of Barrow
Artist
Jill Viney was born in a coastal town in California. She earned her bachelor's degree at Sarah Lawrence College, and her Master of Fine Arts at Columbia University. Viney has used a quotation from Albert Einstein in her artist statement: "Look, look deep into nature and you will understand everything better." She is very interested in how advancements in technology allow us to see deeper into spaces that would otherwise be unseen. She alters the viewer's perceptions of light, space, and color.
As of September 2009, Barrow was Viney's most recent work. She is currently working on drawings to relate to the process used to create her latest sculpture.
References
Culture of Indianapolis
Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis Public Art Collection
Outdoor sculptures in Indianapolis
2007 sculptures
Fiberglass sculptures in Indiana |
Charles Vinson Graham Jr. (born February 26, 1951) is an American politician who served as a member of the North Carolina House of Representatives from the 47th district. Graham, a member of the Lumbee tribe, was the only Native American who was serving in the General Assembly until the election of his successor Jarrod Lowery.
Career
Graham is a former member of the Election Law Committee in the North Carolina State House of Representatives, and of the Subcommittee on Business and Labor in the North Carolina State House of Representatives. He also now serves on seven legislative committees: he is Vice Chair of the Agriculture committee, he serves on the Appropriations committee, he serves as the vice chair of the committee for Commerce and Job Development, he is a member of the insurance committee, he serves in the Subcommittee on Appropriations, Justice and Public Safety, he serves in the Subcommittee on Education, K-12, and also in the Transportation committee.
During the 2016 legislative session, Graham was one of 11 Democrats to vote in favor of the House Bill 2, the controversial "Bathroom Bill." In October 2021, Graham issued an apology for voting in favor of the bill.
2022 congressional campaign
On October 5, 2021, Graham announced he was running for Congress in North Carolina's 9th congressional district. His campaign video went viral on Twitter, where it received over 5 million views.
Following redistricting, however, Graham switched to the 7th congressional district.
Electoral history
2022
2020
2018
2016
2014
2012
2010
2008
References
External links
Charles Graham for Congress campaign website
Representative Charles Graham official legislative website
1951 births
21st-century American politicians
21st-century Native American politicians
Appalachian State University alumni
Candidates in the 2022 United States House of Representatives elections
Lehigh University alumni
Living people
Lumbee people
Democratic Party members of the North Carolina House of Representatives
Native American state legislators
University of North Carolina at Pembroke alumni |
Live Classics is a live album by Australian band, Little River Band. It was recorded during their 1992 world tour. The album also included two new studio songs, "Walk Together" and "My Own Way Home". It was the last Little River Band album (other than subsequent compilations) with founder, Glenn Shorrock as lead vocalist.
Background and release
During 1992 Little River Band went on an extensive worldwide tour throughout Europe and United States. A live album of the tour was released, Live Classics. It was dedicated to Wayne Nelson's daughter Aubree, who at the age of 13 died in a car crash that year.
Track listing
"Happy Anniversary" – Birtles, Briggs (4:50)
"It's a Long Way There" – Goble (4:19)
"I Dream Alone" – Pellicci, Shorrock (5:56)
"Skyboat" – Trad. (1:30)
"Man on Your Mind" – Shorrock, Tolhurst (3:54)
"Lonesome Loser" – Briggs (4:00)
"Take It Easy on Me" – Goble (4:03)
"Reminiscing" – Goble (6:48)
"Baby Come Back" – Beckett, Crowley (5:08)
"Walk Together" – Froggatt, Thomas (3:42)
"The Night Owls" – Goble (5:31)
"Help Is on Its Way" – Shorrock (4:24)
"Cool Change" – Shorrock (5:43)
"Lady" – Goble (4:11)
"Summertime Blues" – Capehart, Cochran (4:16)
"Walk Together" [Studio] – Froggatt, Thomas (3:30)
"My Own Way Home" [Studio] – Cadd, Shorrock (4:16)
Personnel
Little River Band
Glenn Shorrock - lead vocals
Wayne Nelson - bass guitar, vocals
Derek Pellicci - drums
Stephen Housden - lead guitar
Peter Beckett - guitar, vocals
Richard Bryant - keyboards, vocals
References
Little River Band albums
1992 live albums
Live albums by Australian artists
EMI Records live albums |
Zhang Rui (; born 25 January 1979) is a table tennis player from Liaoning, China. She won a silver medal at the 2006 Asian Games for Hong Kong in the doubles competition.
References
External links
ITTF DATABASE
Living people
1979 births
Hong Kong female table tennis players
Table tennis players at the 2010 Asian Games
Table tennis players at the 2006 Asian Games
Asian Games medalists in table tennis
Asian Games silver medalists for Hong Kong
Medalists at the 2006 Asian Games
Table tennis players from Shenyang
21st-century Hong Kong women |
The Palacio Pereira is a historic neoclassical mansion located at the corner of San Martín and Huérfanos streets, in downtown Santiago, Chile. Built in the second half of the 19th century, it was declared a Historic Monument in 1981, but its deterioration was not stopped and remained abandoned for several decades.
In 2011, under the first presidency of Sebastián Piñera, the government bought the building to convert it into the headquarters for the Dirección de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos (DIBAM) and the Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales (CMN). The following year was made a call for an open architectural competition for a preliminary restoration project and the design of an annex building. The winning project, proposed by the firm led by Cecilia Puga, was announced in December 2012, during the XVII Biennale of Architecture. In 2014 the architectural design by Puga, Alberto Moletto and Paula Velasco was completed. The planned date of completion of the project is December 2019.
The palace, along with the Former National Congress Building, will be occupied by members of the Convención Constitucional, the group in charge of Chile's constitutional redrafting after the national plebiscite regarding this issue held in October 2020.
History
Luis Pereira Cotapos, a wealthy lawyer, wine company owner and Chilean politician, wanted to build a palatial house similar to those found in the Barrio Dieciocho. He bought a property owned by the heirs of Juana Varela in 1872, which consisted of farms and vineyards dating from 1793.
In 1872, Luis Pereira commissioned French architect Lucien Hénault to design and build his new house on that land, who was considered to be one of the most prominent architects in Santiago de Chile since his arrival in 1856, accompanied by the then minister Manuel Blanco Encalada. The Pereira Palace was the last work of the French architect in Chile before returning to his country of origin.
Luis Pereira resided in his mansion until his death in 1909. His widow, Carolina Iñiguez Vicuña, continued to live there until her death in 1932. That year the property was sold to the Archdiocese of Santiago, serving as the headquarters of the Caja de Ahorros de Empleados Públicos from 1940 to 1950. Later the building was leased by the Ministry of Education, beginning its deterioration phase when it was altered to serve as a high school (Liceo N° 3 de Niñas) between 1950 and 1968.
In 1969 the palace housed the Centro Humanístico Científico Santiago Centro, also known as Liceo 26. The 1971 Aconcagua earthquake severely damaged the building, and from October 1972 the Ministry of Education destined it to house student organizations such as the Federación de Estudiantes Secundarios de Santiago (FESES), the Federación de Estudiantes Industriales y Técnicos de Santiago (FEITES) and the Federación de Izquierda de Estudiantes Particulares (FIEP), as well as the Frente de Estudiantes Revolucionarios (FER), the student branch of the Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR).
Following the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, the Inmobiliaria San Luis acquired the palace, subdividing it into several stores for rent, damaging the building. In 1981 it was purchased by Inmobiliaria Maullín —owned by Raúl del Río—. The building was declared a National Monument of Chile in 1974, losing this designation the following year, and then declared again a National Monument in 1981, when it already was in a deplorable state of neglect. Its ruined status worsened with the 1985 Algarrobo earthquake.
Restoration
A restoration project was undertaken between 2016 and 2019. The works were executed by the Constructora Cosal, Proyectos y Rehabilitaciones Kalam, from Spain, and Inmobiliaria La Viña.
The restoration project includes the removal of the superficial layer of paint on the walls, leaving exposed the original colors.
Another planned task is the construction, on an empty plot of land adjacent to the original building, of a reinforced concrete structure with five above-ground stories and two basement levels, adding 4675 m² of floor space for the offices of the Dirección de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos (DIBAM) and the Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales (CMN); thus, the palace will have a total floor area of 6467 m². Its completion was estimated to be in December 2019.
On January 11, 2021 it was announced that the palace will be used as a place of work for the Constitutional Convention, people elected to write a new constitution for Chile. The building will have 15 offices with 102 desks, and 11 meeting rooms with a total capacity of 132 seats, in addition to a larger meeting room with a capacity of 40 people; the fourth level will accommodate a dining room.
Architecture
In 1872, the French architect Lucien Hénault was appointed by Luis Pereira Cotapos to design and built the palace.
The building as designed had a floor area of and two stories in height. It is built of brick. The facade fronting Huérfanos Street features semicircular windows and Ionic pilasters on the first level, and pedimented windows on the second, alternating triangular and curve pediments. The main entrance, which includes a carved wood door, is framed by a two-tier pedimented portico, with paired Ionic columns at the first level and paired Corinthian columns at the second. The exterior windows were originally protected by wrought-iron grilles. The San Martín Street façade is longer and more uniform, repeating some elements of the main facade.
Two intersecting interior corridors, covered with glass roofs, divide the building into four sections.
The interior of the building features decorative plaster moldings. It had at least 12 large rooms, mostly with silk-covered walls. The gallery had a floor made of various kinds of marble and parquet.
References
1872 in Chile
Buildings and structures in Santiago
Architecture in Chile |
Supertourism or Tourism-1600 is a former touring car racing series held in Russia in 1995-2003.
History
Series starts in USSR in 1960s as A-1600. Base cars were VAZ-2101 and Lada Riva. After USSR dissolution series was abandoned.
In 1995 series was relaunched as Tourism-1600 with status Championship of Russia. In 2001 series was renamed to Supertourism. But budget and technical race of leaders reduced number of teams. After 2003 season 2 lead teams (Lada and Lukoil Racing) left championship. Series was closed.
Champions
External links
Lukoil Racing Supertourism history
Autoreview newspaper archive
Touring car racing series
Auto racing series in Russia |
The Constant Gardener is a 2001 novel by British author John le Carré. The novel tells the story of Justin Quayle, a British diplomat whose activist wife is murdered. Believing there is something behind the murder, he seeks to uncover the truth and finds an international conspiracy of corrupt bureaucracy and pharmaceutical money.
The plot was based on a real-life case in Kano, Nigeria. The book was adapted into a feature film in 2005.
Plot summary
Justin Quayle, a British diplomat in Nairobi, Kenya, is told that his activist wife, Tessa, was killed while travelling with a doctor friend in a desolate region of Africa. Investigating on his own, Quayle discovers that her murder, reportedly committed by her friend, may have had more sinister roots.
Justin learns that Tessa had uncovered a corporate scandal involving medical experimentation in Africa. KVH (Karel Vita Hudson), a large pharmaceutical company working under the cover of AIDS tests and treatments, is testing a tuberculosis drug that has severe side effects. Rather than help the trial subjects and begin again with a new drug, KVH covered up the side effects and improved the drug only in anticipation of a massive multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis outbreak.
Justin travels the world, often under assumed identities, to reconstruct the circumstances leading to Tessa's murder. As he begins to piece together Tessa's final report on the fraudulent drug tests, he learns that the roots of the conspiracy stretch further than he could have imagined; to a German pharmawatch NGO, an African aid station, and, most disturbingly to him, corrupt civil servants in the British Foreign Office.
John le Carré writes in the book's afterword: "by comparison with the reality, my story [is] as tame as a holiday postcard". The book is dedicated to Yvette Pierpaoli, a French activist who died during the course of her aid work.
Film adaptation
In August of 2005, Focus Features released a film adaptation of The Constant Gardener directed by Fernando Meirelles, starring Ralph Fiennes and Rachel Weisz. Weisz won the Oscar, Golden Globe, and SAG Awards for her performance as Tessa.Screenwriter Jeffrey Caine was also nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. The film also received ten BAFTA nominations including Best Film, winning one for Best Editing. Meirelles, Fiennes, Weisz, and Caine were each nominated here as well.
Footnotes
2001 British novels
Novels by John le Carré
British novels adapted into films
British thriller novels
British Book Award-winning works
Pharmaceuticals policy
Medical novels
Hodder & Stoughton books |
```javascript
'use strict';
const common = require('../common.js');
const bench = common.createBenchmark(main, {
n: [1024],
type: ['buffer', 'string']
});
const zeroBuffer = Buffer.alloc(0);
const zeroString = '';
function main({ n, type }) {
const data = type === 'buffer' ? zeroBuffer : zeroString;
bench.start();
for (var i = 0; i < n * 1024; i++) Buffer.from(data);
bench.end(n);
}
``` |
Jeet Ka Dum (English: Power to Win) was a Hum TV's presented television game show in Pakistan. It was televised live from Karachi being hosted by actor Faisal Qureshi.
Guests on the show have included Atiqa Odho, Asad Shafiq, Fawad Alam, and Naz Baloch.
This show brings activities and competitions for the families and their children.
See also
Bazm E Tariq Aziz
Inaam Ghar
Inaam Ghar Plus
Jeeto Pakistan
References
External links
Jeet Ka Dum (game show) of Hum TV Network on YouTube
2015 Pakistani television series debuts
Hum TV original programming
Urdu-language television shows
Pakistani game shows |
The Delhi Commission for Women (DCW) is a statutory body of the Government of Delhi constituted to investigate and examine all matters relating to the safety and security of women under the constitution and other laws in Delhi, India.
The current chairperson of DCW is Swati Maliwal, who took charge on 29 July 2015.
History
DCW was constituted in 1994 by the Government of Delhi under the Delhi Commission for Women Act, 1994, and it started functioning in 1996. The primary agenda of the Commission is the investigation and examination of all matters relating to the safety and security provided to women under the Constitution and other laws. The Commission is also committed to making recommendations for effective implementation of laws and to improve the conditions of women in Delhi.
Composition
According to the DCW Act, the commission consists of:
A Chairperson, committed to the cause of women, to be nominated by the Government.
Five members to be nominated by the Government from and amongst the persons having not less than 10 years experience in the field of women welfare, administration economic development, health education or social welfare, including at least one Member belonging to the Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes.
A Member-Secretary to be nominated by the Government who shall be: an expert in the field of management, organisational structure or sociological movement, or an officer who is a member of a civil services of the Union or of an All India Service holds a civil post under the Union with appropriate experience.
Although members need to have at least 10 years experience in women welfare, the Chairperson is not required to have any such qualification.
Functions
The commission has various functions such as to "investigate and examine all matters relating to the safeguards provided for women under the constitution and other laws". In certain matters the commission also acts as a quasi-judicial body. The commission has all the powers of a civil court trying suit in certain cases such as "summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person from any part of India and examine him on oath" and "requiring the discovery and production of any document".
Commission should ensure that it adheres to the provision and protection guaranteed for women under Constitution of India and women related legislations.
In case any agency in the state fails to implement protective measures against women, getting the same to the notice of Government.
Making recommendations for the amendments in any law if it fails on provision of justice to the women of the state.
Taking up with concerned authorities any issue of violation of women's rights and recommending follow-up action to them.
Women who have complaints of violation of their rights and non-implementation of their protective measures guaranteed under the Constitution of India can directly approach Women Commission for redressal.
Counselling and assisting women who are victims of atrocities and discrimination in the state.
Financing litigation expenses for any issues involving mass group of women and occasionally make reports to the state government relating to them.
Inspecting any premises, jail or other remand home where women prisoners are lodged or any other case and bringing them to the notice of respective authorities, in case of need.
Enquire, study and investigate any specific women-based issues.
Initiate educational research or undertaking any promotional method and recommend ways for ensuring women representation in all areas and identifying reasons depriving them of their rights.
To enquire suo-moto or any complaints of any issue which deprives women of their rights or women protection laws not being implemented or noncompliance of any policies relating to them or failure of following instructions relating to women welfare and relief associated with them.
References
External links
Official website
1994 establishments in Delhi
Government agencies established in 1994
Government of Delhi
Indian commissions and inquiries
Women's rights in India
Organisations based in Delhi
Women in Delhi |
```c
/*
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
*
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
#include <pj/config.h>
#include <pj/log.h>
#include <pj/ioqueue.h>
static const char *id = "config.c";
#define PJ_MAKE_VERSION3_1(a,b,d) #a "." #b d
#define PJ_MAKE_VERSION3_2(a,b,d) PJ_MAKE_VERSION3_1(a,b,d)
#define PJ_MAKE_VERSION4_1(a,b,c,d) #a "." #b "." #c d
#define PJ_MAKE_VERSION4_2(a,b,c,d) PJ_MAKE_VERSION4_1(a,b,c,d)
#if PJ_VERSION_NUM_REV
PJ_DEF_DATA(const char*) PJ_VERSION = PJ_MAKE_VERSION4_2(PJ_VERSION_NUM_MAJOR,
PJ_VERSION_NUM_MINOR,
PJ_VERSION_NUM_REV,
PJ_VERSION_NUM_EXTRA);
#else
PJ_DEF_DATA(const char*) PJ_VERSION = PJ_MAKE_VERSION3_2(PJ_VERSION_NUM_MAJOR,
PJ_VERSION_NUM_MINOR,
PJ_VERSION_NUM_EXTRA);
#endif
/*
* Get PJLIB version string.
*/
PJ_DEF(const char*) pj_get_version(void)
{
return PJ_VERSION;
}
PJ_DEF(void) pj_dump_config(void)
{
PJ_LOG(3, (id, "PJLIB (c)2008-2016 Teluu Inc."));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, "Dumping configurations:"));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_VERSION : %s", PJ_VERSION));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_M_NAME : %s", PJ_M_NAME));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_PENTIUM : %d", PJ_HAS_PENTIUM));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_OS_NAME : %s", PJ_OS_NAME));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_CC_NAME/VER_(1,2,3) : %s-%d.%d.%d", PJ_CC_NAME,
PJ_CC_VER_1, PJ_CC_VER_2, PJ_CC_VER_3));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_IS_(BIG/LITTLE)_ENDIAN : %s",
(PJ_IS_BIG_ENDIAN?"big-endian":"little-endian")));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_INT64 : %d", PJ_HAS_INT64));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_FLOATING_POINT : %d", PJ_HAS_FLOATING_POINT));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_DEBUG : %d", PJ_DEBUG));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_FUNCTIONS_ARE_INLINED : %d", PJ_FUNCTIONS_ARE_INLINED));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_LOG_MAX_LEVEL : %d", PJ_LOG_MAX_LEVEL));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_LOG_MAX_SIZE : %d", PJ_LOG_MAX_SIZE));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_LOG_USE_STACK_BUFFER : %d", PJ_LOG_USE_STACK_BUFFER));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_POOL_DEBUG : %d", PJ_POOL_DEBUG));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_POOL_ALT_API : %d", PJ_HAS_POOL_ALT_API));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_TCP : %d", PJ_HAS_TCP));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_MAX_HOSTNAME : %d", PJ_MAX_HOSTNAME));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " ioqueue type : %s", pj_ioqueue_name()));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_IOQUEUE_MAX_HANDLES : %d", PJ_IOQUEUE_MAX_HANDLES));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_IOQUEUE_HAS_SAFE_UNREG : %d", PJ_IOQUEUE_HAS_SAFE_UNREG));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_THREADS : %d", PJ_HAS_THREADS));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_LOG_USE_STACK_BUFFER : %d", PJ_LOG_USE_STACK_BUFFER));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_SEMAPHORE : %d", PJ_HAS_SEMAPHORE));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_EVENT_OBJ : %d", PJ_HAS_EVENT_OBJ));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_EXCEPTION_NAMES : %d", PJ_HAS_EXCEPTION_NAMES));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_MAX_EXCEPTION_ID : %d", PJ_MAX_EXCEPTION_ID));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_EXCEPTION_USE_WIN32_SEH: %d", PJ_EXCEPTION_USE_WIN32_SEH));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_TIMESTAMP_USE_RDTSC: : %d", PJ_TIMESTAMP_USE_RDTSC));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_OS_HAS_CHECK_STACK : %d", PJ_OS_HAS_CHECK_STACK));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_HIGH_RES_TIMER : %d", PJ_HAS_HIGH_RES_TIMER));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_IPV6 : %d", PJ_HAS_IPV6));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_HAS_SSL_SOCK : %d", PJ_HAS_SSL_SOCK));
PJ_LOG(3, (id, " PJ_SSL_SOCK_IMP : %d", PJ_SSL_SOCK_IMP));
}
``` |
The Union des Audax is the parent organization for the audax style of Randonneuring, a long-distance cycling sport.
The other form of randonneuring is the allure libre style.
External links
Audax article on French Wikipedia
Union des Audax Français
Cycle racing organizations |
Hair Show is a 2004 comedy film directed by Leslie Small starring Mo'Nique and Kellita Smith. It is the theatrical directorial debut of Leslie Small.
Plot
Peaches (Mo'Nique), a hair stylist from Baltimore, and her estranged sister, Angela (Kellita Smith), the owner of an upscale salon in Beverly Hills, get reacquainted when Peaches decides to attend a celebration for Angela in Los Angeles. The reunion is bittersweet and worsens when Angela finds out that Peaches is on the run from the IRS and only has 60 days to pay $50,000 in back taxes. After some hilarious moments and passionate exchanges, the two sisters join forces to fight off a pesky rival salon owner Marcella (Gina Torres) and save Peaches from her troubles by competing for a lucrative cash prize and bragging rights at the city's annual hair show.
Cast
Mo'Nique as Patricia "Peaches" Whittaker
Kellita Smith as Angela "Angelle" Whittaker
Gina Torres as Marcella
David Ramsey as Cliff
Taraji P. Henson as Tiffany
Keiko Agena as Jun Ni
Cee Cee Michaela as Simone
Joe Torry as Brian
Andre B. Blake as Gianni
Bryce Wilson as Drake
Vivica A. Fox as herself
Tommy "Tiny" Lister Jr. as Agent Little
Tom Virtue as Agent Scott
Reagan Gomez-Preston as Fiona
James Avery as Seymour Gold
Tami Roman as Zora
Reception
The movie was a box office failure, grossing just $305,281.
Nominations
2005 BET Comedy Awards
Outstanding Directing for a Theatrical Film — Leslie Small
Outstanding Lead Actress in a Theatrical Film — Mo'Nique
Outstanding Writing for a Theatrical Film — Andrea Allen-Wiley, Devon Watkins, Sherri A. McGee
References
External links
2004 films
2004 comedy films
2004 directorial debut films
African-American comedy films
Films directed by Leslie Small
Films set in Los Angeles
2000s English-language films
2000s American films
English-language comedy films |
Charles Frank Oertel (March 12, 1931 – October 4, 2000) was an American professional baseball player who appeared in almost 1,200 games in the minor leagues, but only 14 contests in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles in , mostly as a pinch hitter. An outfielder by trade, and a native of Coffeyville, Kansas, he batted left-handed, threw right-handed, and was listed as tall and .
Oertel spent ten seasons (1950 through 1961, with 1952 and 1953 missed due to Korean War military service) in the same organization. He signed with the then-St. Louis Browns and remained in the club's farm system when it became the Orioles in 1954. He was recalled to Baltimore's expanded, 40-man roster in September 1958 after he batted .313 with 160 hits for the Triple-A Louisville Colonels. In his debut on September 1 against the Washington Senators at Griffith Stadium, he replaced Joe Taylor in right field in the fifth inning. Not batting until the eighth frame, Oertel singled off Hal Griggs in his first MLB plate appearance. He would get only one more hit in the major leagues, but it was a home run against future Hall of Fame pitcher Jim Bunning on September 13.
Of Oertel's 14 games played, nine came as a pinch hitter and three as a pinch runner. He played in two games and ten total innings as an outfielder, but he never started a game. With this two hits in 12 at bats, he hit .167 lifetime; his solo shot off Bunning accounted for his only run batted in. As a baserunner, he tallied four times.
Oertel returned to the minors in 1959 and played the rest of his pro career at Triple-A. He died in Royal Oak, Michigan, at the age of 69.
References
Sources
1931 births
2000 deaths
Appleton Papermakers players
Baltimore Orioles players
Baseball players from Kansas
Hazlehurst-Baxley Red Sox players
Louisville Colonels (minor league) players
Major League Baseball outfielders
Miami Marlins (International League) players
People from Coffeyville, Kansas
Rochester Red Wings players
San Antonio Missions players
Vancouver Mounties players |
Mossy Creek is an unincorporated community in White County, in the state of Georgia in the United States of America.
History
A post office called Mossy Creek was established in 1879, and remained in operation until 1908. The community takes its name from nearby Mossy Creek. An elementary school was added to the community in August 2008.
References
Unincorporated communities in White County, Georgia
Unincorporated communities in Georgia (U.S. state) |
Cyclodinus is a genus of antlike flower beetles in the family Anthicidae. There are more than 40 described species in Cyclodinus.
Species
These 48 species belong to the genus Cyclodinus:
Cyclodinus angustulus (Pic, 1892)
Cyclodinus annectens (LeConte, 1851)
Cyclodinus ataensis (Pic, 1901)
Cyclodinus basanicus (Sahlberg, 1913)
Cyclodinus bicarinula (De Marseul, 1879)
Cyclodinus blandulus (Baudi, 1877)
Cyclodinus bremei (La Ferté-Sénectère, 1842)
Cyclodinus brivioi Bucciarelli, 1962
Cyclodinus californicus (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849)
Cyclodinus cerastes (Truqui, 1855)
Cyclodinus coniceps (Marseul, 1879)
Cyclodinus croissandeaui (Pic, 1893)
Cyclodinus debilis (La Ferte-Senectere, 1849)
Cyclodinus dentatus (Pic, 1895)
Cyclodinus desbrochersi (Pic, 1893)
Cyclodinus dimidiatus (Wollaston, 1864)
Cyclodinus erro (Truqui, 1855)
Cyclodinus fancelloi Degiovanni, 2015
Cyclodinus fatuus (Truqui, 1855)
Cyclodinus forticornis (Pic, 1893)
Cyclodinus franciscanus (Casey, 1895)
Cyclodinus humilis (Germar, 1824)
Cyclodinus incomptus (Truqui, 1855)
Cyclodinus italicus (Pic, 1901)
Cyclodinus kryzhanovskii Blinstein, 1988
Cyclodinus larvipennis (Marseul, 1879)
Cyclodinus longipilis (C.Brisout de Barneville, 1863)
Cyclodinus lotus (De Marseul, 1879)
Cyclodinus lucidicollis (De Marseul, 1879)
Cyclodinus maltzevi Blinstein, 1988
Cyclodinus mediobrunneus (Pic, 1893)
Cyclodinus mimus (Casey, 1895)
Cyclodinus minutus (La Ferté-Sénectère, 1842)
Cyclodinus misoloughii (Pic, 1893)
Cyclodinus moltonii Bucciarelli, 1961
Cyclodinus mono Chandler, 2005
Cyclodinus montandoni (Pic, 1909)
Cyclodinus mundulus (Sharp, 1885)
Cyclodinus paiute Chandler, 2005
Cyclodinus reitteri (Pic, 1892)
Cyclodinus roberti (Pic, 1892)
Cyclodinus salinus (Crotch, 1867)
Cyclodinus sareptanus (Pic, 1893)
Cyclodinus sauteri (Pic, 1913)
Cyclodinus semiopacus (Reitter, 1887)
Cyclodinus sibiricus Pic, 1893
Cyclodinus thessalius (De Marseul, 1879)
Cyclodinus ustulatus (La Ferte-Senectere, 1849)
References
Further reading
Anthicidae
Articles created by Qbugbot |
Amzie Beal "Chappie" Snodgrass (May 18, 1870September 9, 1951) was a Major League Baseball outfielder. Snodgrass played for the Baltimore Orioles in the season. On May 15, he batted third in the lineup and produced his first and only hit. Over the course of three games, he had one hit in ten at-bats. He batted and threw right-handed.
He was born in Springfield, Ohio and died in New York City.
External links
1870 births
1951 deaths
People from Springfield, Ohio
Baseball players from Ohio
Baltimore Orioles (1901–02) players
Baton Rouge Red Sticks players |
Ali Boumendjel (May 24, 1919 – March 23, 1957) was an Algerian revolutionary and lawyer.
Biography
Born in Relizane to an educated family from Beni Yeni region, Boumendjel was educated at the Duveyrier college in Blida, where he met with other future figures of the Algerian revolution, such as Abane Ramdane, Benyoucef Benkhedda and Saad Dahlab. He then oriented his career toward law, and became a journalist for the Egalité journal, controlled by the integrationists of Ferhat Abbas. During the revolution he became, with Jacques Verges, one of many lawyers working for the Algerian nationalists. In 1955, he joined the National Liberation Front (FLN) with his old friend Abane Ramdane, after Ramdane was released from prison. Ramdane advised Boumendjel to change his professional orientation, so he joined the litigation department of Shell corporation, while still continuing his militantism in the FLN.
Ali studied law and became a lawyer. His political awakening took place during the days of the Popular Front. It was marked by the call for the emancipation of the Algerian Nation launched by Messali Hadj and sensitive to the commitment and communist mobilization in the Muslim Congress. He refused military service in the French Army, which earned him a list of anti-French activities and to be considered a dangerous nationalist.
Boumendjel was arrested on February 9, 1957, and underwent over a month of torture at the hands of commandant Paul Aussaresses and his men. On March 23, in El Biar, outside Algiers, he was thrown from the sixth floor of a building; his death was passed off as a suicide. Forty-three years later, in 2000, Aussaresses admitted that Boumendjel had been murdered.
Following the recommendations of the report by historian Benjamin Stora on remembrance of French Algeria, on March 2, 2021, French President Emmanuel Macron recognized that Ali Boumendjel was "tortured and murdered" by the French army. The president received four of Ali Boumendjel's grandchildren to announce to them the recognition, on behalf of France, of his assassination. The press release evokes the confession of Paul Aussaresses to have ordered one of his subordinates to disguise the murder as suicide.
Tributes
A street and a metro station bear his name in Algiers as well as a city in Relizane, his birthplace.
References
Bibliography
1919 births
1957 deaths
Members of the National Liberation Front (Algeria)
Assassinated Algerian politicians
20th-century Algerian lawyers
People of the Algerian War
20th-century Algerian politicians |
The Phantom Cowboy is a 1935 American western film directed by Robert J. Horner and starring Ted Wells, George Chesebro and Jimmy Aubrey.
Cast
Ted Wells as Bill Collins / Jim Russell (The Phantom Rider)
Doris Brook as Ruth Rogers
George Chesebro as Buck Houston
Jimmy Aubrey as Ptomaine Pete
Richard Cramer as Hank Morgan
Lew Meehan as Crooked Foreman Mason
Frank Clark as Sheriff
James Sheridan as Jack Rogers
Rosamond Wagman as Rancher's Daughter
External links
1935 films
1935 Western (genre) films
American Western (genre) films
American black-and-white films
1930s English-language films
1930s American films |
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