text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
Nyanga (Ginyanga) is a Guang language of Togo.
References
Guang languages
Languages of Togo |
```c++
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
#include "sfntly/port/memory_output_stream.h"
namespace sfntly {
MemoryOutputStream::MemoryOutputStream() {
}
MemoryOutputStream::~MemoryOutputStream() {
}
void MemoryOutputStream::Write(ByteVector* buffer) {
store_.insert(store_.end(), buffer->begin(), buffer->end());
}
void MemoryOutputStream::Write(ByteVector* buffer,
int32_t offset,
int32_t length) {
assert(buffer);
if (offset >= 0 && length > 0) {
store_.insert(store_.end(),
buffer->begin() + offset,
buffer->begin() + offset + length);
} else {
#if !defined(SFNTLY_NO_EXCEPTION)
throw IndexOutOfBoundException();
#endif
}
}
void MemoryOutputStream::Write(byte_t* buffer, int32_t offset, int32_t length) {
assert(buffer);
if (offset >= 0 && length > 0) {
store_.insert(store_.end(), buffer + offset, buffer + offset + length);
} else {
#if !defined(SFNTLY_NO_EXCEPTION)
throw IndexOutOfBoundException();
#endif
}
}
void MemoryOutputStream::Write(byte_t b) {
store_.push_back(b);
}
byte_t* MemoryOutputStream::Get() {
if (store_.empty()) {
return NULL;
}
return &(store_[0]);
}
size_t MemoryOutputStream::Size() {
return store_.size();
}
} // namespace sfntly
``` |
Farouk Achmad (4 June 1938 – 13 April 2003), often credited as Farouk Afero, was a British India-born Indonesian film actor. After making his feature film debut in 1964, he rose to fame in 1970 with Bernafas dalam Lumpur (Breathing in Mud). Afero ultimately appeared in more than sixty films.
Biography
Afero was born Farouk Achmad in Pakistan on 4 June 1938. He was the son of Asgar Ali and Sarifah Bibi. By the 1950s the family had migrated to the Indonesian archipelago. Farouk Achmad took the name Farouk Afero while working as an amateur boxer. He was later cast in the film Ekspedisi Terakhir (The Last Expedition, 1964), a film produced by Ermina Zaenah and directed by Alam Surawidjaja and Sjahril Gani. Over the next five years he appeared in several roles, including in Wim Umboh's Sembilan (Nine, 1967) and Laki-Laki Tak Bernama (Man Without a Name, 1969).
Afero's star-making role only came in 1970, when he appeared in Turino Djunaidy's Bernafas dalam Lumpur (Breathing in Mud). This film was a commercial success, spawning two sequels, and sparking the revival of the flagging Indonesian film industry. Over the next decade he appeared in more than forty films – mostly as the antagonist. These included roles as the titular fighter in Si Gondrong (1971), the nihilist poet Anwar in Atheis (Atheist, 1974) and the gang member Majid in Laila Majenun (1976). For this last role, Afero received a Citra Award for Best Supporting Actor at the 1976 Indonesian Film Festival.
Afero also actively promoted the development of the cinema of Indonesia; in 1973, for instance, he shaved his head in protest of movie theatres' lack of interest in showing domestic productions and attempted to meet Jakarta governor Ali Sadikin. He was also an active member of the , or PARFI.
After completing Tapak-tapak Kaki Wolter Monginsidi (The Footsteps of Wolter Monginsidi, 1982), a biopic of the revolutionary Robert Wolter Monginsidi, Arefo went on hiatus from acting. He made his last feature film appearance a decade later, in Bernafas dalam Lumpur, a remake of the 1970 production. He did not, however, leave acting, and in the 1990s he appeared in several television series, including Duren Duren (1994), Abunawas (1995), Ujang & Aeeng (1996), Biang Kerok (Troublemaker, 1996), and Di Bawah Purnama Aku Berdoa (I Pray Beneath the Full Moon, 1997).
Towards the end of his life, Afero was diagnosed with lung cancer. On 13 April 2003, at 21:50 Indonesia Western Time (UTC+7), he died of cancer at the Pondok Indah Hospital in Jakarta. He was buried at Tanah Kusir Cemetery in the same grave as his mother at a funeral attended by numerous Indonesian actors and filmmakers, including the screenwriter Misbach Yusa Biran and actresses Nani Wijaya and Widyawati. He was survived by his wife, Oktorina Suryaningsih, as well as five children, and six grandchildren. Speaking with Kompas, Biran described Afero:
Awards
Afero was nominated for best actor at the PWI Awards, held by the Jakarta branch of the Indonesian Journalists Association, in 1971 and 1972, winning second and third runner-up, respectively. During the 1976 Indonesian Film Festival in Bandung he was named Best Supporting Actor for his role in Laila Majenun. At the 1979 festival he was again nominated for the Best Supporting Actor award, receiving second place (the Kompas Award) for his performance in Rahasia Perkawinan (The Secret of Marriage).
Filmography
During his nearly career, Afero acted in almost seventy films. Biran writes that this includes starring roles in most of Indonesia's domestic productions in the 1970s. He was also part of the crew of four productions, serving as story writer.
Crew
Lorong Hitam (1971)
Lingkaran Setan (1972)
Ibu Sejati (1973)
Setitik Noda (1974)
Cast
Ekspedisi Terakhir (1964)
Madju Tak Gentar (1965)
Segenggam Tanah Perbatasan (1965)
Hantjurnya Petualang (1966)
Kasih Diambang Maut (1967)
Sembilan (1967)
Sendja di Djakarta (1967)
Djakarta - Hongkong - Macao (1968)
Laki-Laki Tak Bernama (1969)
Orang-orang Liar (1969)
Bernafas dalam Lumpur (1970)
Dibalik Pintu Dosa (1970)
Noda Tak Berampun (1970)
Tuan Tanah Kedawung (1970)
Air Mata Kekasih (1971)
Biarkan Musim Berganti (1971)
Lorong Hitam (1971)
Kekasihku Ibuku (1971)
Matinja Seorang Bidadari (1971)
Si Gondrong (1971)
Tiada Maaf Bagimu (1971)
Tjinta di Batas Peron (1971)
Kabut Bulan Madu (1972)
Lingkaran Setan (1972)
Mutiara dalam Lumpur (1972)
Ratu Ular (1972)
Intan Berduri (1972)
Takkan Kulepaskan (1972)
Tjintaku Djauh Dipulau (1972)
Jimat Benyamin (1973)
Kutukan Ibu (1973)
Akhir Sebuah Impian (Begitu Kehendak Tuhan) (1973)
Cucu (1973)
Ibu Sejati (1973)
Percintaan (1973)
Perempuan (1973)
Si Manis Jembatan Ancol (1973)
Si Rano (1973)
Atheis (1974)
Batas Impian (1974)
Setitik Noda (1974)
Pacar (1974)
Pengakuan Seorang Perempuan (1974)
Ratapan dan Rintihan (1974)
Krisis X (1975)
Laila Majenun (1975)
Liku-liku Panasnya Cinta (1976)
Bungalow di Lereng Bukit (1976)
Kampus Biru (1976)
Ganasnya Nafsu (1976)
Si Doel Anak Modern (1976)
Selangit Mesra (1977)
Kuda-Kuda Binal (1978)
Rahasia Perkawinan (1978)
Bulu-Bulu Cendrawasih (1978)
Karena Dia (1979)
Milikku (1979)
Ach yang Benerrr... (1979)
Kabut Sutra Ungu (1979)
Cantik (1980)
Bukan Sandiwara (1980)
Putri Giok (1980)
Irama Cinta (1980)
Fajar yang Kelabu (1981)
Gadis Marathon (1981)
Tapak-tapak Kaki Wolter Monginsidi (1982)
Bernafas dalam Lumpur (1991)
Explanatory notes
References
Works cited
1938 births
2003 deaths
Indonesian male film actors
Pakistani emigrants
Immigrants to Indonesia
Indonesian people of Indian descent
Indonesian people of Pakistani descent
Indonesian people of Punjabi descent
People from Jhelum
Citra Award winners
Deaths from lung cancer in Indonesia |
Plenckia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Celastraceae.
It is native to Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and north-western Argentina.
The genus name of Plenckia is in honour of Joseph Jakob Plenck (1735–1807), an Austrian physician and polymath. He is now known as a pioneer dermatologist.
It was first described and published in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. Vol.11 (Issue 1) on page 30 in 1861.
Known species
According to Kew:
Plenckia integerrima
Plenckia microcarpa
Plenckia populnea
References
Celastraceae
Celastrales genera
Plants described in 1861
Flora of Bolivia
Flora of Brazil
Flora of Paraguay
Flora of Northwest Argentina |
Liberedaxia deslauriersi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, the only species in the genus Liberedaxia.
References
Xystrocerini
Monotypic Cerambycidae genera |
Hattie Myrtle Greene Lockett (August 25, 1879 – May 19, 1962) was an American writer, rancher, and clubwoman. She was inducted into the Arizona Women's Hall of Fame in 1987.
Early life
Hattie Myrtle Greene was born in Bushnell, Illinois, the daughter of William Greene and Hattie Wallace Greene. The family moved to Scottsdale, Arizona when she was in her teens. She trained as a teacher at Bushnell Normal School and Tempe Normal School. In 1932, after her children were grown, she earned a master's degree in anthropology at the University of Arizona; her thesis, later published as a book, was titled "The Unwritten Literature of the Hopi: First Hand Accounts of Customs, Traditions and Beliefs of the Northern Arizona Indian Tribe".
Career
Greene taught school in Arizona as a young woman. She was founder and first president of the Washington Woman's Club in Phoenix in 1912, and she organized the Tucson Junior Women's Club. When her husband died in 1921, she took charge of the family sheep ranch. She attended National Wool Growers Association meetings and worked with the United States Forest Service on grazing reform.
In her later life, Lockett was primarily a writer and speaker. She published poems and short stories, and served a term as president of the Arizona chapter of the League of American Pen Women. She was also president of the Flagstaff Writers Club, active in the Phoenix Writers' Club, and the founder of Arizona Poetry Day and a related statewide contest. She served on the national advisory board of the General Federation of Women's Clubs.
Publications
"To a Desert Flower" (1926)
The Unwritten Literature of the Hopi (1933)
"Prayer for Today" (1955)
Personal life and legacy
Greene married Henry Claiborne Lockett, a widowed rancher with three children, in 1905. They had two sons, Claiborne (Clay) and Robert. Her husband died in 1921, and after years of living with Parkinson's disease, she died in 1962, at the age of 82, at a rest home in Phoenix.
In 1978, her son Clay Lockett established the Hattie Lockett Awards at the University of Arizona, presented annually to three undergraduates "who demonstrate great promise as poets." She was inducted into the Arizona Women's Hall of Fame 25 years after her death, in 1987.
References
External links
A 1951 photograph of Hattie Greene Lockett, in the Colorado Plateau Digital Collections, Northern Arizona University
1879 births
1962 deaths
American women writers
People from Bushnell, Illinois
University of Arizona alumni
20th-century archaeologists
Ranchers
American women educators |
Muttuchira is a village in Kottayam district in the state of Kerala, India.
Demographics
As of the 2001 India census, Muttuchira had a population of 14,303 with 7,022 males and 7,281 females.
It is a quiet farming village with rubber plantations, coconut plantations, and paddy fields. The landscape is hilly and narrow and is inhabited by Christians and Hindus. Most people are employed in either the farming or service sector.
In ancient records, Muttuchira was recorded as Nayappilli. Muttuchira got its name from a small check dam (chira) constructed in earlier times to irrigate paddy fields. It currently has a hospital (Muttuchira Holy Ghost Mission Hospital), a bank, an ATM, a Village Office, a post office, multiple churches (Holy Ghost Church), Temples (Kunnasheri Kave, Trikke), a Government Polytechnic, a nursing school, a girls high school, boys high school, LP & UP schools, Government Ayurveda dispensary and market. Kaduthuruthy Railway Halt is in the village. The village is part of Kaduthuruthy Gram Panchayat and Kaduthuruthy Assembly constituency. Saint Alphonsa of India was brought up in this village. The majority population are Syro-Malabar Catholics and some protestant Christians, but many Hindus also live in Muttuchira harmoniously.
Holy Ghost Forane church, Muttuchira
Holy Ghost Forane church, Muttuchira is one of the oldest churches in India. There is an ancient Pahlavi inscribed granite bas-relief cross found in Muttuchira. According to the local tradition, the Church at Muttuchira was founded in AD 510. It was probably located near the ancient open air rock cross at Kurisum-moodu, a little east of the present church dedicated to Mar Sleeba (syriac:sliba meaning Holy Cross). It is probable that a new Church was built in the present Church compound on the Eastern side in AD 1528 by Mar Denha and Mar Abo ( Mar Jacob Abuna) as narrated on the Muttuchita inscriptions. This Church was dedicated to Ruha D Kudisha- Holy Spirit. The Pahlavi inscribed granite Cross was transferred to this Church from the ancient Mar Sliba Church. Later, this sliba which was placed in the altar was covered by building a wooden raredos rathaal in front of it. In AD 1854-58 period, another Church was built in front the old Church dedicated to Ruha D Kudisha which is the main Church at Muttuchira today. In AD 1923, the old Rooha D Kudhisha Syro-Malabar Catholic Forane Church, Muttuchira on the eastern side of the present Church was renovated to rededicate it to Saint Francis of Assisi. During the renovations, the ancient Pahlavi inscribed Granite Sliva was rediscovered behind the wooden raredos-rathaal of the old church fixed to the eastern wall of the Madbaha. It was again neglected and transferred to the new Ruha D' Qudisha Church in a very unimportant place- back side of the wall of the facade in a corner, probably because of the interests of the Archaeological Department of the then Government of Travancore. Now, this invaluable monument of Saint Thomas Christians of Malabar has been placed in a side altar of the main Church.
Muttuchira inscriptions
Muttuchira inscriptions are early Malayalam inscriptions- Vattezhuthu- Nanam Monum- on a granite tablet found in Muttuchira. The 'Muttuchira inscriptions' are inscriptions narrating about the installation of the free standing Cross and the Pahlavi inscribed bas relief cross, The 'Muttuchira Sliba'. The inscriptions are on a rectangular granite slab in two sections divided by a vertical line in between. According to Mr. T. K. Joseph, this inscription must be of AD 1581 or later. This tablet has been the subject of extensive research by many scholars. This granite slab was found on the western wall of the ground floor room of the two storey building attached to the northern side of the old Church of the Holy Ghost. The upper story was used as the Priest's Home and the ground floor was used as the sacristy. Muttuchira Sliba, the Pahlavi inscribed Cross is an invaluable monument of the Christian community that was the symbol of veneration of the ancient Christian settlement of Muttuchira. Muttuchira inscription tablet is another landmark monument which narrates installation of the Mar Thoma Sliva in the altar and the open air Rock Cross of Muttuchira Church is historically important.
Alexander de Campo
Palliveettil Chandy Metran belonged to the Palliveetti family at Muttuchira. He was Vicar of Kuravilangad Parish and later had Kuravilangad as his headquarters. He was a native of the Muttuchira parish, in the present central Kerala. As a priest his original name was Palliveettil Chandy Cathanar. He was consecrated Titular Bishop of Megara in Achala and Vicar Apostolic and Administrator of the Archbishopric of Cranganore on 31 January 1663, at Kaduthuruthy. He celebrated his first pontifical mass at Muttuchira church. Portuguese Bishop appointed Palliveettil Chandy Cathanar as the Bishop Alexander de Campo for the Catholic St. Thomas Christians on 1 February 1663 thus, they kept their Syro Chaldean rite of worship. Palliveettil Mar Chandy used the historic title 'The Metropolitan and the Gate of all India'. This title denotes a Quasi Patriarchal status with all India jurisdiction.
Archdeacon Jacob
Archdeacon Jacob of Muttuchira was a native of Muttuchira and was based in this church until his death. He was buried in the Church of Saint Francis of Assisi. He was appointed as Archdeacon by Mar Simon, the Chaldean Bishop who arrived in Malabar in 1576 AD during the time of Mar Abraham, as a rival. Mar Simon was sent to Rome but Archdeacon Jacob had followers until his death in 1596.
Saint Alphonsa
Saint Alphonsa of India spent her early years in Muttuchira parish. Saint Alphonsa was brought up in her aunt's house, the Muricken family of Muttuchira due to her mother's death upon her birth.
References
Villages in Kottayam district
Malayalam inscriptions |
```ruby
class GithubRepo < ApplicationRecord
belongs_to :user
serialize :info_hash, Hash
validates :name, :url, :github_id_code, presence: true
validates :url, url: true, uniqueness: true
validates :github_id_code, uniqueness: true
scope :featured, -> { where(featured: true) }
before_destroy :clear_caches
after_save :clear_caches
# Update existing repository or create a new one with given params.
# Repository is searched by either GitHub ID or URL.
def self.upsert(user, **params)
repo = user.github_repos
.where(github_id_code: params[:github_id_code])
.or(where(url: params[:url]))
.first
repo ||= new(params.merge(user_id: user.id))
repo.update(params)
repo
end
def self.update_to_latest
ids = where(updated_at: ...26.hours.ago).ids.map { |id| [id] }
GithubRepos::RepoSyncWorker.perform_bulk(ids)
end
private
def clear_caches
return if user.blank?
user.touch
cache_bust = EdgeCache::Bust.new
cache_bust.call(user.path)
cache_bust.call("#{user.path}?i=i")
cache_bust.call("#{user.path}/?i=i")
end
end
``` |
Zadvydas v. Davis, 533 U.S. 678 (2001), was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States. The court ruled that the plenary power doctrine does not authorize the indefinite detention of immigrants under order of deportation whom no other country will accept. To justify detention of immigrants for a period longer than six months, the government was required to show removal in the foreseeable future or special circumstances.
Background
Fifth Circuit case
Kestutis Zadvydas was a resident alien in the United States who was ordered to be deported in 1994 based on his criminal record. Zadvydas was born of Lithuanian parents while in Germany, but was not a citizen of either country, and neither would accept him. Under federal law, once a person has been ordered to be deported, the U.S. Attorney General is required to detain them and complete the deportation within 90 days. However, the Attorney General claimed that if the 90-day period passed by without completing the desired deportation, the detention period could be continued indefinitely until the person could be deported.
In September 1995 after Lithuania and Germany had refused to accept Zadvydas, he filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus in U.S. District Court. In 1996 the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) unsuccessfully requested that the Dominican Republic accept Zadvydas based on his wife's Dominican citizenship. In October 1997 the District Court granted the writ and ordered him released under supervision. The government appealed and the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals overturned the district court.
Ninth Circuit case
Kim Ho Ma was a Cambodian, also a resident alien in the United States. At age 17, Kim was convicted of manslaughter and was ordered deported. Cambodia did not have a treaty with the United States and would not accept Kim. In 1999, Kim filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus in U.S. District Court. A five-judge panel of that court considered Kim's case in connection with about 100 other cases and ordered him released. The government appealed and the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the district court.
Appeals
Zadvydas in the Fifth Circuit case and the government in the Kim case both appealed to the Supreme Court. As both circuit courts had come to opposing positions, there was a split in the circuits which may only be resolved by a Supreme Court ruling. The court granted certiorari in both cases and consolidated the cases for the hearing.
Opinions of the court
Arguments
Robert F. Barnard argued the case for Zadvydas. Jay W. Stansell argued the case for Kim. Representing the United States was Deputy Solicitor General Edwin Kneedler. Amicus curiae briefs were filed by the Washington Legal Foundation on behalf of the government in the Zadvydas case and by the Legal Immigration Network, Inc., the American Association of Jews from the former USSR, the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, the American Civil Liberties Union, Human Rights Watch, and Carolyn Patty Blum, et al., on behalf of Kim.
Majority opinion
Justice Stephen Breyer delivered the opinion of the court. He noted that the statute grants the Attorney General the authority to detain a deportee past the term of the 90-day removal period, without judicial or administrative review. Breyer indicated that an indefinite, potentially permanent detention was unconstitutional. Using the principles of statutory construction, Breyer stated that the court must infer that the law limits such a detention to that period that is necessary to accomplish the removal of the alien from the United States. Since the detention was for the purpose of removing the alien from the country, once the alien cannot be removed, the immigration purpose for the detention no longer exists. Without a limitation on detentions, the court would be forced to declare the law unconstitutional. He noted that allowing an administrative agency to conduct an unreviewable hearing on such a fundamental right had already been ruled against by the court.
The government also argued that Congress had plenary power to enact such a law under its authority to control immigration, and that both the executive and judicial branches must defer to that decisionmaking. Breyer noted that while Congress may use that power, they "must choose 'a constitutionally permissive means of implementing' that power" and the interpretation that the government advocates is not such a permissive means. The court ruled that a hearing must be held after a six-month detention. Substantive due process applied to aliens that resided within the United States, and absent a showing that they were a danger to society or a flight risk, they could not be detained.
Dissenting opinions
Justice Antonin Scalia dissented from the majority. Scalia stated that an alien who has no legal right to be in the United States has no right to release into the country that is trying to expel him or her. Scalia quoted Justice Robert H. Jackson in his dissent, asserting that "Due process does not invest any alien with a right to enter the United States, nor confer on those admitted the right to remain against the national will." [italics in original]
Justice Anthony Kennedy also dissented. Kennedy said that the majority disregarded congressional intent and then rewrote the statute. He posited that Congress gave the Attorney General the express authority to order continued detention, and added that the majority misapplied the concept of statutory construction, noting that the court could only distinguish between plausible interpretations. If there were two or more interpretations, then the court is bound to accept the one that does not create a constitutional issue, but Kennedy states that this was never the situation in this case.
Subsequent developments
Impact
According to the U.S. Inspector General, nearly 134,000 immigrants with final orders of removal were released into the general population in the U.S. from 2001 to 2004, as a result of the Zadvydas ruling. According to Immigration and Customs Enforcement, nearly 4000 immigrants with criminal records have been released into the general population in the U.S. each year since 2008.
According to a number of legal experts, INS has taken the view that it can detain aliens for preventive rather than punitive purposes. These experts state INS has no authority to conduct a punitive detention, which is only authorized by criminal statutes. Civil libertarians have noted that over 2,000 aliens have been held indefinitely without hope of repatriation and that the Department of Homeland Security holds approximately 31,000 immigrants in detention at any given time.
It has been noted that 20 years prior to the Zadvydas decision, approximately 122,000 Mariel Cubans had been paroled into the United States after facing indefinite detention. Most of these were inadmissible to the United States due to their criminal convictions in Cuba and in the U.S., but were not deportable as Cuba refused to accept them back. Once paroled, they remained ineligible for lawful permanent residency in the United States. In one case, a resident alien with a 20-year-old battery conviction was detained for more than four years before being released.
Opponents of the Zadvydas decision note that suspects in two murder cases in 2012 had been allowed to stay in the U.S. despite final deportation orders. In January 2012, the Miami Herald revealed that Kesler Dufrene, accused of murdering three people in Miami, was released from federal detention despite a final deportation order to Haiti because the U.S. suspended deportations to that country for several months after the 2010 Haiti earthquake. This case also allowed deportee Binh Thai Luc to be released from immigration detention after his native Vietnam declined to offer the U.S. government travel documents. Luc was arrested in March 2012 for the murder of five people in San Francisco.
Zadvydas was also cited by the 9th Circuit three-judge appeals panel on February 9, 2017, in Washington v. Trump, with regard to an executive order concerning the restriction of immigration from certain stipulated countries. In that case, the 9th Circuit panel referred to the Zadvydas opinion "emphasizing that the power of the political branches over immigration 'is subject to important constitutional limitations'."
Following the 2002 signing of a repatriation agreement between Cambodia and the United States, Kim Ho Ma was deported. As of 2007, he lived in a rural area of Cambodia with his wife.
Supreme Court case
Zadvydas was cited in a subsequent Supreme Court case, Clark v. Martinez, that reiterated the principle that all people within the United States were entitled to due process and could not be deprived of liberty indefinitely. Justice Scalia, despite his dissent in Zadvydas, authored the 7–2 decision in Clark. The government had argued that the law allowed the government to detain people up to the point that the detention "approached constitutional limits." Scalia noted that "If we were, as the Government seems to believe, free to 'interpret' statutes as becoming inoperative when they 'approach constitutional limits,' we would be able to spare ourselves the necessity of ever finding a statute unconstitutional as applied."
Legislative remedies
In an effort to roll back Zadvydas, Rep. Lamar Smith (R-Texas) has introduced the "Keep Our Communities Safe Act" (H.R. 1932), legislation aimed at allowing indefinite detention of unremovable admitted immigrants and asylum applicants (immigrants awaiting approval of asylum applications). Three experts lent support to the legislation during a hearing on the Act: Gary Mead, Executive Associate Director for ICE's Enforcement and Removal Operations; Thomas H. Dupree, Jr., partner at Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP (and former Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General under President Bush); and Ft. Myers Chief of Police Douglas Baker, a colleague of Officer Widman who was murdered by an alien released as a result of Zadvydas.
Conversely, the American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) have denounced the legislation, stating that: "The bill, H.R. 1932, would strip important due process protections of harmless individuals by needlessly increasing the government's already broad authority to detain noncitizens." David Leopold, a past AILA President, explains: "The deprivation of liberty is a powerful tool that must be exercised carefully. DHS has exceptional latitude to detain noncitizens who are a flight risk or pose a danger to our communities. Those powers do not need further expansion." In 2010, the Department of Homeland Security detained nearly 400,000 immigrants at a cost of $2 billion. If H.R.1932 passes, this cost could increase exponentially. The constitutionality of the bill has been questioned. Joanne Lin, legislative counsel for the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), stated that the bill would authorize indefinite detention of immigrants without providing procedural safeguards.
See also
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 533
References
External links
United States Supreme Court cases
2001 in United States case law
United States immigration and naturalization case law
Lithuania–United States relations
Germany–United States relations
Cambodia–United States relations
United States Supreme Court cases of the Rehnquist Court |
The Little Devil Track River is a stream in northeastern Minnesota, the United States. It is a tributary of the Devil Track River and flows west to east, north of the city of Grand Marais.
See also
List of rivers of Minnesota
References
Minnesota Watersheds
USGS Hydrologic Unit Map - State of Minnesota (1974)
Rivers of Minnesota
Rivers of Cook County, Minnesota |
Dozdak or Dezdak or Dazdak () may refer to:
Dozdak-e Olya, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
Dozdak-e Sofla, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
Dozdak-e Kuchek, Fars Province
Dazdak, Gilan
Dozdak, Lahijan, Gilan Province
Dezdak, Kohgiluyeh, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province
Dozdak, Dana, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province
Dozdak, Nowshahr, Mazandaran Province
Dozdak, Sari, Mazandaran Province
See also
Dezg (disambiguation)
Dozak (disambiguation) |
Nir Barkat (; born 19 October 1959) is an Israeli businessman and politician currently serving as Minister of Economy. He served as mayor of Jerusalem between the years 2008–2018.
Biography
Nir Barkat was raised in Jerusalem. His father, Zalman, was a professor of physics at the Hebrew University. His great-grandfather came from Russia to Mandatory Palestine in the 1920s, and died in 1924.
Barkat served in the Paratroopers Brigade of the Israel Defense Forces for six years (1977–1983), as well as reserve duty, and reached the rank of major. Barkat was also wounded in combat in Lebanon.
Barkat holds a BA in computer science from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He also studied for a master's degree in business administration at the same institution, but hasn't completed it.
Barkat and his wife Beverly, an artist, have three daughters. The family lives in the Jerusalem neighborhood of Beit HaKerem.
Nir Barkat was named the 43rd most influential Jewish person in 2013.
Business career
High-Tech Ventures
Barkat started his career in the high-tech industry by founding a software company called BRM in 1988, which specialized in antivirus software. Later, the company became an incubator venture firm that invested in several companies such as Check Point and Backweb. He later helped found the social investment company IVN, Israel Venture Network. In 2007, Barkat took part in the Israeli version of Dragons' Den, the venture-capitalist television program, which consists of entrepreneurs pitching their ideas in order to secure investment from business experts.
Private fortune
According to Forbes in 2013, Barkat's net worth is estimated at NIS 450 million (about $122 million), more than the combined value of the next three politicians on the list making him the wealthiest Israeli politician. On October 3, 2021, Barkat's name was included among 565 Israelis whose names were included in the Pandora papers. As mayor, he did not take any salary from the city of Jerusalem.
Political career
Campaign for mayor of Jerusalem
Nir Barkat's entry into politics was gradual, after his exposure to and philanthropic investments in Jerusalem's education system. In 1999, the Barkat family began to explore the educational gaps in Jerusalem through their investment in The Snunit Center for the Advancement of Web Based Learning, a non-profit, non-governmental organization which uses web based resources to improve online education and improve personal and social growth within the Israeli society. Barkat saw this investment as the beginning of his interest in entering into Jerusalem's municipal politics.
Barkat's official entry into politics began in January 2003, when he founded the party Yerushalayim Tatzli'ah ("Jerusalem Will Succeed") and ran in the Jerusalem mayoral race, securing 43% of the vote and losing to Uri Lupoliansky. After his initial loss, Barkat served as head of the opposition on the city council until his election as mayor in 2008. During this period he helped form StartUp Jerusalem, a venture to create jobs in the capital. He briefly led the Jerusalem faction of the Kadima party from 2006 - 2007, then a powerhouse in Israeli politics, but left due to disagreements with the proposal to relinquish portions of Jerusalem.
Mayor of Jerusalem
Barkat ran for a second time in November 2008, this time winning the election with 52% of the vote (his main rival, Meir Porush, won 43%). Barkat was described as a secular politician, contrasting with both Lupoliansky and Porush, who are Haredi. He ran on a platform of increasing tourism, finding solutions to the housing crisis, and opposing the light rail. He also vowed to make city council more approachable and transparent and decried the use of the mayors office a stepping stone to national politics. Controversies during his first term included the firing of city council member Rachel Azaria and his proposal for relinquishing predominantly Arab populated neighborhoods on the outskirts of the city limits. He helped to initiate the city's first international marathon in 2011 and has personally participating in races both in Jerusalem and abroad.
In 2013, he ran for a second term, during which he was endorsed by the Labor Party, and also by a range of prominent Likud activists; he also had the tacit support of Meretz, which withdrew its candidate, Pepe Alalu, in order not to steal votes away from Barkat. His opponent Moshe Lion had backing from Avigdor Lieberman, head of the Yisrael Beiteinu party and Aryeh Deri, head of Shas. Barkat was re-elected with 52% of the vote compared to his main opponent Moshe Lion former head of the Jerusalem Development Authority, who ran as the Likud candidate who garnered 43% of the electorate. Lion has since served as a member of city council and in 2015 joined Barkat's coalition. Following the tense campaign, Barkat was fined NIS 400,000 for improper use of election funds. Since his election as Mayor, Barkat has served the city for a salary of one shekel a year. Controversies of his second term have included the Formula 1 exhibition, part of the mayor's effort to raise Jerusalem's status as a cultural capital of the world and increase tourism. The Jerusalem Formula One event took place in 2013 and in 2014 but garnered much criticism for street closures which led to school cancellations, over expenditures, and its appropriateness for the city. Other controversies have included planned addition to the light rail, specifically the blue line, which was planned to run down Emek Refaim street. Mayor Barkat also had a long-running feud with Finance Minister Moshe Kahlon over funding which led to city-wide strikes several years in a row. Kahlon argued that Barkat was wasting funding and mismanagement, while Barkat argued that Kahlon was withholding funds for political reasons. The resulting strikes caused garbage to pile up throughout the city and the threat of mass firings of municipal employees.
In December 2015 Barkat joined the Likud party. He previously endorsed Likud leader Benjamin Netanyahu for Prime Minister in the 2013 and 2015 Knesset elections. In March 2018 he announced his intention to run for national politics rather than seek re-election for a third term as mayor.
Since the mid 2000s, Jerusalem has developed into a regional center for tech start-ups, and was named the #1 emerging tech hub by Entrepreneur magazine. Barkat's administration has provided incentives, tax breaks, and grants for companies with employees living in the city. By 2016, over 500 start-ups had been established in Jerusalem, bringing in upwards of $243 million in investment in the first nine months of 2015. "'After the election of [Mayor Nir] Barkat, personal activism strengthened in the city. People felt they had influence, and it really connected with the entrepreneurial character', said Dana Mann, a partner in PICO Ventures, and previously a partner in OurCrowd."
Barkat has come under fire from some women's rights activists. Some women on the Jerusalem City Council have protested illegal modesty signs. Jerusalem city councilwoman Rachel Azaria, who brought the case of gender-segregated buses in Jerusalem to the court's attention, was fired by Barkat. Laura Wharton, a member of Jerusalem City Council, complained about the illegal modesty signs, but claims she was brushed off." Barkat has criticized Women of the Wall for their confrontational efforts to pray at the Kotel.
2015 terrorist attack
In February 2015, Barkat garnered international attention when he intervened after seeing a Palestinian man trying to stab a Jewish victim. Barkat succeeded in physically subduing the attacker, with the Mayoral security detail coming in immediately afterward and the victim receiving first aid. The Tzahal Square incident prompted responses from figures such as former Israeli ambassador to the United States Michael Oren, who stated that Barkat had "courageously" acted, as well as commentators on Facebook who shared tongue-in-cheek images depicting Barkat as Batman, Neo, and other film characters. In October 2015, he encouraged Israelis to carry guns as a "duty" in light of increased tensions. His comments were criticised by various commentators.
National politics
In March 2018 he announced he would not run for another term in the Municipal Election, and instead will join the Likud Party, to be a member of Knesset in next elections. On 4 December 2018, he ceased serving as mayor.
See also
Politics of Israel
References
External links
Nir Barkat official campaign page - Hebrew
Sari Makover-Belikov, 'After Netanyahu - it's my turn', Ynetnews, October 14, 2019
1959 births
Living people
Businesspeople in software
Jerusalem School of Business Administration alumni
Israeli chief executives
20th-century Israeli Jews
21st-century Israeli Jews
Jewish Israeli politicians
Jewish mayors
Likud politicians
Mayors of Jerusalem
Members of the 21st Knesset (2019)
Members of the 22nd Knesset (2019–2020)
Members of the 23rd Knesset (2020–2021)
Members of the 24th Knesset (2021–2022)
Members of the 25th Knesset (2022–)
People named in the Pandora Papers |
"Ladders" is the first episode of the sixth season of the American comedy television series Community, and the ninety-eighth episode of the series overall. It was released on Yahoo! Screen in the United States on March 17, 2015, along with the following episode, "Lawnmower Maintenance and Postnatal Care".
"Ladders" marks the departure of series regular Yvette Nicole Brown as Shirley Bennett, who left the series to care for her ill father. The episode also marks the first appearance of Paget Brewster as Francesca "Frankie" Dart as a recurring character.
Plot
Accumulated weight from Frisbees on the roof of Greendale Community College cause the ceiling of the school's cafeteria to cave in. College Dean Craig Pelton (Jim Rash) is forced to hire administrative consultant Francesca "Frankie" Dart (Paget Brewster) to help organize and insure Greendale. Although Dart seems to get along with Save Greendale Committee member Abed Nadir (Danny Pudi) and the two form a partnership, she is soon opposed by the other members, including Jeff Winger (Joel McHale), Annie Edison (Alison Brie) and Britta Perry (Gillian Jacobs). The rest of the group doesn't trust her, as they feel she is meddling and that by "improving" Greendale as much as she is, she will fundamentally alter the school, with Jeff noting "How much can you improve Greendale before it stops being Greendale?"
After Dart calls for the banning of all alcohol on campus (as she cannot properly insure a school that permits alcohol on campus), Shirley's Sandwich Shop in the cafeteria is converted into a secret speakeasy where students and faculty can go for drinks. Despite wanting to work together with Dart and being the only member of the Committee to have befriended her and put his trust in her, Abed is eventually won over by his friends, spending much of his time at the speakeasy. Dart, who has figured out what is going on, resigns from her position as Greendale's administrative consultant after expressing her opinion that the Committee has a negative influence on Abed.
In the wake of Dart's resignation, the campus becomes much more laid-back, particularly in openly allowing alcoholic beverages on campus. However, this backfires when Annie and a teacher are accidentally injured in a classroom mishap, and the school discovers that since Dart resigned, the school has no insurance to cover such accidents. Jeff and Abed decide to apologize to Dart, realizing the need for someone like her on campus to keep balance, and are able to convince her to return to her position at Greendale. Dart joins the Save Greendale Committee.
Elsewhere, former Save Greendale Committee member Shirley Bennett (Yvette Nicole Brown), who had left Greendale to watch after her ailing father and ended up becoming the personal chef to a troubled detective, saves her new employer (Steven Weber) from an attempted suicide and vows to help him solve the case that left him paralyzed and led to the loss of his wife. The episode's end tag is a closing scene for a fictional police procedural drama entitled The Butcher and the Baker, which follows the exploits of Shirley and her employer as crime-solving partners.
Cultural references
The opening sequence flashback featuring Leonard (Richard Erdman) referenced the intro in Dazed and Confused with the song "Sweet Emotion" by the band, Aerosmith. Leonard's quote "Like tears in rain" is a quote from the character Roy Batty in the 1982 science-fiction film, Blade Runner. The episode also parodied the overuse of uplifting montages in pop culture, a film-making device that Abed said was "a movie apologizing for reality". The underground bar (started by the study group to oppose Frankie's mission) where characters dress in 1920s attire and drink alcohol is a reference to the 1920s era response to the Prohibition era when bootleggers surreptitiously traded in alcohol in defiance of the ban.
Production
In May 2014, Community was canceled by NBC, its original broadcast network. Due to the show's cult status and fanbase, there was considerable speculation that the show would be picked up by another network such as Netflix or Hulu.
In June 2014, it was announced that Yahoo! Screen would be producing a sixth season consisting of 13 new episodes, keeping the show's cast and crew intact under show creator and executive producer Dan Harmon. "Ladders" is the first episode of Community to air on Yahoo! Screen instead of NBC. Harmon stated:
"I am very pleased that Community will be returning for its predestined sixth season on Yahoo. I look forward to bringing our beloved NBC sitcom to a larger audience by moving it online. I vow to dominate our new competition. Rest easy, Big Bang Theory. Look out, Bang Bus!"
Following Yvette Nicole Brown's departure from the series to care for her ill father, the series added two new actors, Paget Brewster as Francesca "Frankie" Dart, an insurance consultant hired to help repair the school, and Keith David as retired scientist Elroy Patashnik. Brewster and David had both previously appeared on the series in different capacities, with Brewster playing Debra Chambers in "Analysis of Cork-Based Networking", and David in a voice-over role as the narrator in "Pillows and Blankets". Guest stars Jonathan Banks, who played the criminology professor Buzz Hickey in the fifth season, and John Oliver, who played Professor Duncan, did not return as they were involved in other projects, Better Call Saul and Last Week Tonight, respectively. Production for the series began on November 17, 2014. The presence of the load-bearing columns added in the construction of the new cafeteria was explained by the production moving from the old Paramount Studios set to the new CBS set (which contained these obtruding pillars) to film the sixth season.
Harmon stated that the runtime for each episode is "flexible" due to the lack of the network-controlled commercial breaks and time slot. Harmon added that the change in platform brings with it a creative license to show content that would normally be restricted on a network, qualifying the lack of restriction by saying, "It's kind of funny because these regulations aren't being imposed on us by an industry anymore, we're out in the middle of this field, but we're immediately finding these rules on our own anyway." "Ladders" was filmed and released together with the second episode, "Lawnmower Maintenance and Postnatal Care".
Critical reception
"Ladders" received generally positive reviews from critics. Alan Sepinwall of HitFix called the episode "so busy dealing with exposition and meta-commentary about departed actors and changed situations [...] that it doesn't have a ton of room for big laughs, even as it wisely only tries to introduce Paget Brewster's Frankie into the ensemble, saving Keith David's Elroy for 'Lawnmower Maintenance and Postnatal Care.
References
External links
"Ladders" at Yahoo! Screen.com
2015 American television episodes
Community (season 6) episodes
Television episodes written by Dan Harmon |
St. Johnsville is a town in Montgomery County, New York, United States. The population was 2,631 at the 2010 census. Accounts vary as to the etymology of St. Johnsville, but most of them state that the town and its village are named after an early surveyor and commissioner, Alexander St. John. Still others credit the naming of St. Johnsville to a former name for the area, St. John's Church.
The Town of St. Johnsville is in the northwestern part of the county. The town contains a village, also called St. Johnsville. Both town and village are approximately halfway between Utica and Amsterdam.
The Erie Canal, as part of the Mohawk River, is at the town's southern border.
History
The town was first settled around 1725. The territory was part of the Palatine District.
In 1769, Sir William Johnson built a church in the town for the benefit of his Indian allies.
A brief skirmish was fought in the town in 1780 near Fort Klock, a fortified house.
The Town of St. Johnsville was formed in 1838 from the Town of Oppenheim ( which then became part of the newly created Fulton County ).
In 1857, the community of St. Johnsville set itself off from the town by incorporating as a village.
According to the Enterprise and News, Nov. 17, 1937, by 1934, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. Reaney had given 120 acres of land to the Village of Saint Johnsville. This land was named Klock Park after Dr. Charles M. Klock, a highly regarded local physician. Today the H.C Smith Benefit Club utilizes the building to host many community events.
The First Methodist Episcopal Church of St. Johnsville, Fort Klock, Enlarged Double Lock No. 33 Old Erie Canal, Nellis Tavern, and Margaret Reaney Memorial Library are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 17.4 square miles (45.0 km2), of which 16.8 square miles (43.6 km2) is land and 0.5 square mile (1.4 km2) (3.11%) is water.
The Mohawk River forms the southern town line. The northern town boundary is the border of Fulton County, and the western town line is the border of Herkimer County, marked by East Canada Creek.
St. Johnsville is the smallest town in the county (by area).
NY-5 is an east-west highway in the southern part of the town. The western terminus of NY-67 is at NY-5, east of St. Johnsville village. The southern terminus of NY-331 is near the northwestern part of the town.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,565 people, 1,043 households, and 658 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 1,170 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 98.67% White, 0.08% Black or African American, 0.39% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.12% from other races, and 0.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.36% of the population.
There were 1,043 households, out of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.7% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.91.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.4% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 22.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.8 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $30,719, and the median income for a family was $39,830. Males had a median income of $25,000 versus $21,010 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,116. About 9.5% of families and 12.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.4% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.
Communities and locations in the Town of St. Johnsville
East Canada Creek – A stream defining the western town line.
Fort Klock – A historic fortified house, built by Johannes Klock in 1750, located east of St Johnsville village on the south side of NY-5. The property also contains other re-constructed or re-located historic structures.
Klock Park – A park northwest of St. Johnsville village, named after Dr.Charles M.Klock.
St. Johnsville – The Village of St. Johnsville is on the north shore of the Mohawk River on NY-5.
West St. Johnsville (or Upper St. Johnsville) – A hamlet west of St. Johnsville village on NY-5.
References
External links
St. Johnsville Chamber of Commerce
St. Johnsville history links
Early St. Johnsville history
Towns in Montgomery County, New York
Towns in New York (state)
Populated places on the Mohawk River |
The Football Federation of Burundi () is the governing body of football in Burundi. It was founded in 1962, affiliated to FIFA in 1972 and to CAF in 1972. It organizes the national football league and the national team.
References
External links
Burundi at the FIFA website.
Burundi at CAF Online
Burundi
Football in Burundi
Sports organizations established in 1948
Burundi |
Micromastra isoldalis is a species of snout moth, and the only species in the genus Micromastra. It was described by William Schaus in 1940 and is known from the US territory of Puerto Rico.
References
Moths described in 1940
Pyralinae
Monotypic moth genera
Moths of the Caribbean
Pyralidae genera |
```smalltalk
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
namespace AssetBundleBrowser.AssetBundleDataSource
{
internal class ABDataSourceProviderUtility {
private static List<Type> s_customNodes;
internal static List<Type> CustomABDataSourceTypes {
get {
if(s_customNodes == null) {
s_customNodes = BuildCustomABDataSourceList();
}
return s_customNodes;
}
}
private static List<Type> BuildCustomABDataSourceList()
{
var properList = new List<Type>();
properList.Add(null); //empty spot for "default"
var x = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
foreach (var assembly in x)
{
try
{
var list = new List<Type>(
assembly
.GetTypes()
.Where(t => t != typeof(ABDataSource))
.Where(t => typeof(ABDataSource).IsAssignableFrom(t)));
for (int count = 0; count < list.Count; count++)
{
if (list[count].Name == "AssetDatabaseABDataSource")
properList[0] = list[count];
else if (list[count] != null)
properList.Add(list[count]);
}
}
catch (System.Exception)
{
//assembly which raises exception on the GetTypes() call - ignore it
}
}
return properList;
}
}
}
``` |
```html
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
<title>Riemann Zeta Function</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../math.css" type="text/css">
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1">
<link rel="home" href="../../index.html" title="Math Toolkit 2.6.0">
<link rel="up" href="../zetas.html" title="Zeta Functions">
<link rel="prev" href="../zetas.html" title="Zeta Functions">
<link rel="next" href="../expint.html" title="Exponential Integrals">
</head>
<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr>
<td valign="top"><img alt="Boost C++ Libraries" width="277" height="86" src="../../../../../../boost.png"></td>
<td align="center"><a href="../../../../../../index.html">Home</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="../../../../../../libs/libraries.htm">Libraries</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="path_to_url">People</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="path_to_url">FAQ</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="../../../../../../more/index.htm">More</a></td>
</tr></table>
<hr>
<div class="spirit-nav">
<a accesskey="p" href="../zetas.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../zetas.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="../expint.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta"></a><a class="link" href="zeta.html" title="Riemann Zeta Function">Riemann Zeta Function</a>
</h3></div></div></div>
<h5>
<a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.h0"></a>
<span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.synopsis"></a></span><a class="link" href="zeta.html#math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.synopsis">Synopsis</a>
</h5>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">special_functions</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">zeta</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span>
</pre>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">{</span>
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
<a class="link" href="../result_type.html" title="Calculation of the Type of the Result"><span class="emphasis"><em>calculated-result-type</em></span></a> <span class="identifier">zeta</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">z</span><span class="special">);</span>
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <a class="link" href="../../policy.html" title="Chapter 18. Policies: Controlling Precision, Error Handling etc">Policy</a><span class="special">></span>
<a class="link" href="../result_type.html" title="Calculation of the Type of the Result"><span class="emphasis"><em>calculated-result-type</em></span></a> <span class="identifier">zeta</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">z</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <a class="link" href="../../policy.html" title="Chapter 18. Policies: Controlling Precision, Error Handling etc">Policy</a><span class="special">&);</span>
<span class="special">}}</span> <span class="comment">// namespaces</span>
</pre>
<p>
The return type of these functions is computed using the <a class="link" href="../result_type.html" title="Calculation of the Type of the Result"><span class="emphasis"><em>result
type calculation rules</em></span></a>: the return type is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">double</span></code> if T is an integer type, and T otherwise.
</p>
<p>
The final <a class="link" href="../../policy.html" title="Chapter 18. Policies: Controlling Precision, Error Handling etc">Policy</a> argument is optional and can
be used to control the behaviour of the function: how it handles errors,
what level of precision to use etc. Refer to the <a class="link" href="../../policy.html" title="Chapter 18. Policies: Controlling Precision, Error Handling etc">policy
documentation for more details</a>.
</p>
<h5>
<a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.h1"></a>
<span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.description"></a></span><a class="link" href="zeta.html#math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.description">Description</a>
</h5>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
<a class="link" href="../result_type.html" title="Calculation of the Type of the Result"><span class="emphasis"><em>calculated-result-type</em></span></a> <span class="identifier">zeta</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">z</span><span class="special">);</span>
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <a class="link" href="../../policy.html" title="Chapter 18. Policies: Controlling Precision, Error Handling etc">Policy</a><span class="special">></span>
<a class="link" href="../result_type.html" title="Calculation of the Type of the Result"><span class="emphasis"><em>calculated-result-type</em></span></a> <span class="identifier">zeta</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">z</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <a class="link" href="../../policy.html" title="Chapter 18. Policies: Controlling Precision, Error Handling etc">Policy</a><span class="special">&);</span>
</pre>
<p>
Returns the <a href="path_to_url" target="_top">zeta
function</a> of z:
</p>
<p>
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../../equations/zeta1.svg"></span>
</p>
<p>
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../../graphs/zeta1.svg" align="middle"></span>
</p>
<p>
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../../graphs/zeta2.svg" align="middle"></span>
</p>
<h5>
<a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.h2"></a>
<span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.accuracy"></a></span><a class="link" href="zeta.html#math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.accuracy">Accuracy</a>
</h5>
<p>
The following table shows the peak errors (in units of epsilon) found on
various platforms with various floating point types, along with comparisons
to the <a href="path_to_url" target="_top">GSL-1.9</a> and
<a href="path_to_url" target="_top">Cephes</a> libraries. Unless
otherwise specified any floating point type that is narrower than the one
shown will have <a class="link" href="../relative_error.html#math_toolkit.relative_error.zero_error">effectively
zero error</a>.
</p>
<div class="table">
<a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.table_zeta"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 6.73. Error rates for zeta</b></p>
<div class="table-contents"><table class="table" summary="Error rates for zeta">
<colgroup>
<col>
<col>
<col>
<col>
<col>
</colgroup>
<thead><tr>
<th>
</th>
<th>
<p>
Microsoft Visual C++ version 12.0<br> Win32<br> double
</p>
</th>
<th>
<p>
GNU C++ version 5.1.0<br> linux<br> double
</p>
</th>
<th>
<p>
GNU C++ version 5.1.0<br> linux<br> long double
</p>
</th>
<th>
<p>
Sun compiler version 0x5130<br> Sun Solaris<br> long double
</p>
</th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<p>
Zeta: Random values greater than 1
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0.836ε (Mean = 0.093ε)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0ε (Mean = 0ε)</span><br> <br> (<span class="emphasis"><em>GSL
1.16:</em></span> Max = 8.69ε (Mean = 1.03ε))<br> (<span class="emphasis"><em>Cephes:</em></span>
<span class="red">Max = 4.49e+33ε (Mean = 6.85e+32ε) <a class="link" href="../logs_and_tables/logs.html#your_sha256_hashvalues_greater_than_1">And
other failures.</a>)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0.846ε (Mean = 0.0833ε)</span><br>
<br> (<span class="emphasis"><em><tr1/cmath>:</em></span> Max = 5.45ε (Mean
= 1ε))
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0.846ε (Mean = 0.0743ε)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>
Zeta: Random values less than 1
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 7.03ε (Mean = 2.98ε)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0ε (Mean = 0ε)</span><br> <br> (<span class="emphasis"><em>GSL
1.16:</em></span> Max = 137ε (Mean = 13.8ε))<br> (<span class="emphasis"><em>Cephes:</em></span>
<span class="red">Max = +INFε (Mean = +INFε) <a class="link" href="../logs_and_tables/logs.html#your_sha256_hashvalues_less_than_1">And
other failures.</a>)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 7.03ε (Mean = 2.71ε)</span><br> <br>
(<span class="emphasis"><em><tr1/cmath>:</em></span> Max = 538ε (Mean = 59.3ε))
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 70.1ε (Mean = 17.1ε)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>
Zeta: Values close to and greater than 1
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0.994ε (Mean = 0.421ε)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0ε (Mean = 0ε)</span><br> <br> (<span class="emphasis"><em>GSL
1.16:</em></span> Max = 7.73ε (Mean = 4.07ε))<br> (<span class="emphasis"><em>Cephes:</em></span>
<span class="red">Max = 6.77e+15ε (Mean = 1.52e+15ε) <a class="link" href="../logs_and_tables/logs.html#your_sha256_hashclose_to_and_greater_than_1">And
other failures.</a>)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0.995ε (Mean = 0.5ε)</span><br> <br>
(<span class="emphasis"><em><tr1/cmath>:</em></span> Max = 1.9e+06ε (Mean = 5.11e+05ε))
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0.995ε (Mean = 0.5ε)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>
Zeta: Values close to and less than 1
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0.991ε (Mean = 0.375ε)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0ε (Mean = 0ε)</span><br> <br> (<span class="emphasis"><em>GSL
1.16:</em></span> Max = 0.991ε (Mean = 0.28ε))<br> (<span class="emphasis"><em>Cephes:</em></span>
<span class="red">Max = 8.66e+15ε (Mean = 1.9e+15ε) <a class="link" href="../logs_and_tables/logs.html#your_sha256_hashclose_to_and_less_than_1">And
other failures.</a>)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0.998ε (Mean = 0.508ε)</span><br> <br>
(<span class="emphasis"><em><tr1/cmath>:</em></span> Max = 8.53e+06ε (Mean =
1.87e+06ε))
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0.998ε (Mean = 0.568ε)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>
Zeta: Integer arguments
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 6.5ε (Mean = 2.17ε)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 0ε (Mean = 0ε)</span><br> <br> (<span class="emphasis"><em>GSL
1.16:</em></span> Max = 3.75ε (Mean = 1.1ε))<br> (<span class="emphasis"><em>Cephes:</em></span>
<span class="red">Max = +INFε (Mean = +INFε) <a class="link" href="../logs_and_tables/logs.html#your_sha256_hash_arguments">And
other failures.</a>)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 9ε (Mean = 3.06ε)</span><br> <br>
(<span class="emphasis"><em><tr1/cmath>:</em></span> Max = 70.3ε (Mean = 17.4ε))
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>
<span class="blue">Max = 21ε (Mean = 7.13ε)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
</div>
<br class="table-break"><h5>
<a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.h3"></a>
<span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.testing"></a></span><a class="link" href="zeta.html#math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.testing">Testing</a>
</h5>
<p>
The tests for these functions come in two parts: basic sanity checks use
spot values calculated using <a href="path_to_url" target="_top">Mathworld's
online evaluator</a>, while accuracy checks use high-precision test values
calculated at 1000-bit precision with <a href="path_to_url" target="_top">NTL::RR</a>
and this implementation. Note that the generic and type-specific versions
of these functions use differing implementations internally, so this gives
us reasonably independent test data. Using our test data to test other "known
good" implementations also provides an additional sanity check.
</p>
<h5>
<a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.h4"></a>
<span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.implementation"></a></span><a class="link" href="zeta.html#math_toolkit.zetas.zeta.implementation">Implementation</a>
</h5>
<p>
All versions of these functions first use the usual reflection formulas to
make their arguments positive:
</p>
<p>
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../../equations/zeta3.svg"></span>
</p>
<p>
The generic versions of these functions are implemented using the series:
</p>
<p>
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../../equations/zeta6.svg"></span>
</p>
<p>
When the significand (mantissa) size is recognised (currently for 53, 64
and 113-bit reals, plus single-precision 24-bit handled via promotion to
double) then a series of rational approximations <a class="link" href="../sf_implementation.html#math_toolkit.sf_implementation.rational_approximations_used">devised
by JM</a> are used.
</p>
<p>
For 0 < z < 1 the approximating form is:
</p>
<p>
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../../equations/zeta4.svg"></span>
</p>
<p>
For a rational approximation R(1-z) and a constant C.
</p>
<p>
For 1 < z < 4 the approximating form is:
</p>
<p>
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../../equations/zeta5.svg"></span>
</p>
<p>
For a rational approximation R(n-z) and a constant C and integer n.
</p>
<p>
For z > 4 the approximating form is:
</p>
<p>
ζ(z) = 1 + e<sup>R(z - n)</sup>
</p>
<p>
For a rational approximation R(z-n) and integer n, note that the accuracy
required for R(z-n) is not full machine precision, but an absolute error
of: ε/R(0). This saves us quite a few digits when dealing with large z, especially
when ε is small.
</p>
<p>
Finally, there are some special cases for integer arguments, there are closed
forms for negative or even integers:
</p>
<p>
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../../equations/zeta7.svg"></span>
</p>
<p>
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../../equations/zeta8.svg"></span>
</p>
<p>
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../../../equations/zeta9.svg"></span>
</p>
<p>
and for positive odd integers we simply cache pre-computed values as these
are of great benefit to some infinite series calculations.
</p>
</div>
<table xmlns:rev="path_to_url~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
<td align="left"></td>
Agrawal, Anton Bikineev, Paul A. Bristow, Marco Guazzone, Christopher Kormanyos,
Hubert Holin, Bruno Lalande, John Maddock, Jeremy Murphy, Johan Råde, Gautam
Sewani, Benjamin Sobotta, Nicholas Thompson, Thijs van den Berg, Daryle Walker
and Xiaogang Zhang<p>
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="path_to_url" target="_top">path_to_url
</p>
</div></td>
</tr></table>
<hr>
<div class="spirit-nav">
<a accesskey="p" href="../zetas.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../zetas.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="../expint.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
</div>
</body>
</html>
``` |
Tennis was contested at the Far Eastern Championship Games. It was one of the main eight sports to feature on the programme. The following are the known results for the tennis event of the games.
Editions
References
Tennis
Far Eastern Championship Games
Far Eastern Championship Games |
"Boogie Grass Band" is a song written by Ronnie Reno, and recorded by American country music artist Conway Twitty. It was released in July 1978 as the first single from his album Conway. The song peaked at number 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in Canada.
Chart performance
References
1978 singles
1978 songs
Conway Twitty songs
Song recordings produced by Owen Bradley
MCA Records singles |
Mathi is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about northwest of Turin.
Mathi borders the following municipalities: Corio, Balangero, Grosso, Cafasse, and Villanova Canavese.
Twin towns
Las Parejas, Argentina
Mġarr, Malta
References
External links
Official website
Cities and towns in Piedmont |
Catharina Höök (died 1727), was a Swedish book printer.
Höök married Henrik Keyser the Younger, the Royal Book Printer in Sweden. In 1697, Keyser received an order to publish the Bible of king Charles XII of Sweden. However, Keyser died in 1699 without completing the order.
After taking over her husband's post, Höök printed the Bible. She is best known for this accomplishment.
References
1727 deaths
18th-century Swedish businesswomen
18th-century printers
Women printers
Year of birth unknown |
Henosepilachna is a genus of beetle in the family Coccinellidae, including several pest species, such as the 28-spotted potato ladybird (which may refer to either Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata, or Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata).
Distribution
Species in this genus occur through much of Asia and Australasia, and one species, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, has been accidentally introduced in other parts of the world (e.g., Brazil and Argentina).
Species
Henosepilachna altera (Dieke)
Henosepilachna argus (Geoffroy)
Henosepilachna bifasciata (Linnaeus)
Henosepilachna boisduvali (Mulsant)
Henosepilachna brittoni (Bielawski)
Henosepilachna dodecastigma (Wiedemann)
Henosepilachna enneasticta (Mulsant)
Henosepilachna haemorrhoa (Boisduval)
Henosepilachna indica (Mulsant)
Henosepilachna indistincta (Dieke)
Henosepilachna kabakovi Hoàng
Henosepilachna kaszabi (Bielawski & Fürsch)
Henosepilachna laokayensis Hoàng
Henosepilachna niponica (Lewis)
Henosepilachna ocellata (Redtenbacher)
Henosepilachna papuensis (Crotch)
Henosepilachna processa Li
Henosepilachna pusillanima (Mulsant)
Henosepilachna pustulosa (Kono)
Henosepilachna septima (Dieke)
Henosepilachna signatipennis (Boisduval)
Henosepilachna sumbana Bielawski
Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata (Motschulsky)
Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius)
Henosepilachna vigintisexpunctata (Boisduval)
Henosepilachna yasutomii Katakura
Former species
Henosepilachna elaterii (Rossi) (now in Chnootriba)
Henosepilachna guttatopustulata (Fabricius) (now in Papuaepilachna)
References
Coccinellidae
Coccinellidae genera
Agricultural pest insects |
was a town located in Mii District, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 17,263 and a density of 842.51 persons per km². The total area was 20.49 km².
On February 5, 2005, Kitano, along with the towns of Jōjima and Mizuma (both from Mizuma District), and the town of Tanushimaru (from Ukiha District), was merged into the expanded city of Kurume and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
External links
Kitano official website of Kurume in Japanese (with some English)
Populated places disestablished in 2005
2005 disestablishments in Japan
Dissolved municipalities of Fukuoka Prefecture
Kurume |
Wacław Teofil Stachiewicz (19 November 1894 – 12 November 1973) was a Polish writer, geologist, military commander and general of the Polish Army. A brother to General Julian Stachiewicz and the husband to General Roman Abraham's sister, Stachiewicz was the Chief of General Staff of the Polish Army during the Polish Defensive War of 1939.
Early life and career
Wacław Teofil Stachiewicz was born 19 November 1894, in Lwów (also known as Lemberg and L'viv), Galicia, Austria-Hungary. After graduating from one of local gymnasiums, he entered the geological faculty at the University of Lwów. In 1912, he joined the underground Związek Strzelecki, where he received military training and graduated from NCO and officer courses.
After the outbreak of the Great War in August 1914, Stachiewicz joined the Polish Legions in which he became a platoon commander in the 1st Regiment. On 9 October, he was promoted to second lieutenant and sent with a secret mission to the other side of the Russo-Austrian Front to help the creation of Polish underground organisations in the territory that was still under Russian occupation. In 1915, he was moved to the newly formed 5th Regiment in which he commanded the 4th company. Wounded at the Battle of Konary, he was moved to various staff duties, such as serving as an aide to the chief of staff of the regiment. In March 1917, he graduated from an officer course of the General Staff and was to be promoted.
Oath Crisis and rebirth of Polish Army
However, the Oath Crisis of 1917 caused Stachiewicz to be drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army, demoted to sergeant and sent to the Italian Front. In March 1918, he defected from the army, returned to Poland and joined the secret Polish Military Organisation. He headed its central branch, based in Warsaw. After Poland regained its independence, the organization became one of the cores of the reborn Polish Armed Forces.
Initially serving as the head of the I Detachment of the General Staff and the deputy chief of staff of the Warsaw military district, Stachiewicz soon became a staff officer of General Stanisław Haller's Army. He also served in a number of roles in the Polish Ministry of War Affairs. During the Battle of Warsaw (1920), he served as a deputy chief of staff and chief of operations of General Kazimierz Sosnkowski's Volunteer Army. After the end of hostilities and the Peace of Riga, Stachiewicz returned to the ministry.
In 1921, Stachiewicz was sent to Paris, where he graduated from the École supérieure de guerre in late 1923. Upon his return, he became a professor of tactics at the Wyższa Szkoła Wojenna in Warsaw. In April 1926, he started a year of practice at the post of head of the 1st detachment of the Polish General Staff. In June 1927, he became the first officer of the Staff of the General Inspectorate of Armed Forces. In January 1928, he completed his practice as the commanding officer of the Częstochowa-based 27th Infantry Regiment. Finally, after a year of training there, he became the chief of infantry in the elite 1st Legions Infantry Division in Wilno. In December 1933, he returned to Częstochowa, this time as a commanding officer of the entire 7th Infantry Division. In 1935, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. After the death of Marshal of Poland, Józef Piłsudski, Stachiewicz's place was taken by General Edward Rydz-Śmigły, who nominated him for the post of the Chief of Staff of the Polish Army.
World War II, exile and death
One of the most promising staff officers in the Polish military, Stachiewicz was the author of various military plans, such as Plan Zachód, the Polish plan of operations in case of a war against Nazi Germany, and Plan Wschód, a similar plan in case of a war against the Soviet Union. He was also the officer to prepare the Polish mobilisation. In late 1939, he supervised the successful mobilisation although it was called off because of British and French pressure. After the outbreak of the Polish Defensive War, he automatically became the Chief of Staff of the headquarters of the Polish commander-in-chief. However, lack of communication made him lose any influence on the conflict, and he and Rydz-Śmigły withdrew to south-eastern Poland. After the Soviets joined the war on the side of the Nazis, he crossed the border on 18 September with Romania to continue the struggle abroad in France. However, internal struggle for power among the Polish emigres made the French pressure the Romanian authorities into interning Stachiewicz and his superior.
In January 1940, Stachiewicz managed to escape from captivity and, through Bucharest and Yugoslavia, reached the French-held port of Algiers. However, General Władysław Sikorski insisted for another internment, this time by the French, and it was not until 1943 that Stachiewicz finally reached London. There, he spent the remaining part of the war without any assignment. After World War II, he was deprived of his Polish citizenship by the Soviet-backed communist authorities of Poland and had to remain in exile.
In 1948, Stachiewicz moved to Montreal, Canada. Blamed by many for the Polish defeat in the war, Stachiewicz devoted himself to writing and wrote several books on the Polish preparations for the war of 1939.
Death and legacy
He died on 12 November 1973. The Polish Library of the McGill University is named after him.
Honours and awards
Silver Cross of the Virtuti Militari
Commanders of the Polonia Restituta, previously awarded the Officer's Cross
Cross of Independence with Swords
Cross of Valour – four times
Gold Cross of Merit
Knight's Cross of the Legion of Honour
Order of the Cross of the Eagle, Class I (Estonia, 1937)
See also
Invasion of Poland
Second Polish Republic
Bibliography
1894 births
1973 deaths
Military personnel from Lviv
People from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
Polish Austro-Hungarians
Polish generals
Polish male writers
20th-century Polish geologists
Polish Military Organisation members
Polish legionnaires (World War I)
Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I
Polish people of the Polish–Soviet War
Polish military personnel of World War II
Polish emigrants to Canada
Polish exiles
Recipients of the Silver Cross of the Virtuti Militari
Recipients of the Cross of Independence with Swords
Commanders of the Order of Polonia Restituta
Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland)
Recipients of the Gold Cross of Merit (Poland)
Knights of the Legion of Honour
Recipients of the Military Order of the Cross of the Eagle, Class I |
The Orobica or Valgerola is a breed of domestic goat from the Val Gerola in the province of Sondrio, in the Bergamo Alps of northern Italy. It is raised in the Val Gerola and the Valchiavenna in the province of Sondrio, in the Alto Lario Occidentale, the Valsassina and the Val Varrone in the province of Como, and in the upper Val Brembana in the Province of Bergamo. The origins of the breed are unknown; it is first documented at the beginning of the twentieth century. The Orobica is one of the eight autochthonous Italian goat breeds for which a genealogical herdbook is kept by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, the Italian national association of sheep-breeders.
Ogni anno, la terz domenica di novembre a Casargo (LC) si tiene un'importante mostra Regionale della Capra Orobica
At the end of 2013 the registered population was 1109.
Characteristics
The Orobica goat is of medium size; males weigh on average 80 kg, females about 65 kg. Both sexes have long horns and erect ears. The coat is lustrous, composed of fine long hair, with a colour varying from uniform ash-grey to violet-beige.
The Valgerola
For reasons that are not clear, the Valgerola, while always described as a synonym of the Orobica, is separately reported to , and is included in the list of goat breeds of limited distribution of the Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali, the Italian ministry of agriculture. Numbers are reported by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, but no data has ever been entered. There are two official breed standards, one for the "Razza Orobica" and the other for the "Orobica o Valgerola".
References
Goat breeds
Dairy goat breeds
Lombardy
Province of Sondrio
Province of Como
Province of Bergamo
Goat breeds originating in Italy |
Lieutenant Chester Ellis Wright was an American World War I flying ace credited with nine confirmed aerial victories. He was the top scoring ace for his squadron.
Early life
Chester Ellis Wright was born on 1 September 1897 in Readville, Massachusetts. His primary education was at Hyde Park School.
World War I service
Wright finished three years at Harvard before joining the U.S. Army Air Service in March 1917. He continued his education, but at MIT. Later in 1917, he was appointed adjutant to the 19th Aero Squadron while it was still at Garden City, New York. He transferred overseas in November, sailing on the 23rd as a supply officer for the 15th Foreign Detachment. He completed his pilot's training and was assigned to ferry planes to France. On 29 July 1918, he was posted to the 93d Aero Squadron. The new squadron began combat operations the following month with Wright serving as a Flight Commander. Between 18 September and 23 October 1918, Wright shot down a German observation balloon, an unidentified enemy airplane, a Rumpler, and six Fokker D.VIIs, including one shared with Leslie Rummell. In the process, he won two Distinguished Service Crosses.
Wright returned home in March 1919. He was discharged the following month.
Honors and awards
Distinguished Service Cross (DSC)
For extraordinary heroism in action near Beffu, France, 10 October 1918. Lt. Wright attacked an enemy observation balloon protected by four enemy planes; despite numerical superiority, he forced the planes to withdraw and destroyed the enemy balloon.
Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) Oak Leaf Cluster
For extraordinary heroism in action near Bantheville, France, 23 October 1918. Lt. Wright, accompanied by one other machine, took on and sent down in flames an enemy plane (Fokker type) that was attacking an Allied plane. He was in turn attacked by three enemy planes. His companion was forced to withdraw on account of motor trouble. Lt. Wright continued the combat and succeeded in bringing down one of the enemy planes and forced the remaining two into their own territory.
See also
List of World War I flying aces from the United States
References
Bibliography
American Aces of World War I. Norman Franks, Harry Dempsey. Osprey Publishing, 2001. , .
American World War I flying aces
Aviators from Massachusetts
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
1933 deaths
1897 births |
Heilbronn () is a city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, surrounded by Heilbronn District. With over 126,000 residents, it is the sixth-largest city in the state.
From the late Middle Ages on, it developed into an important trading centre. At the beginning of the 19th century, Heilbronn became one of the centres of early industrialisation in Württemberg. Heilbronn's old town was completely destroyed during the air raid of 4 December 1944 and rebuilt in the 1950s. Today Heilbronn is the economic centre of the Heilbronn-Franken region.
Heilbronn is known for its wine industry and is nicknamed Käthchenstadt, after Heinrich von Kleist's Das Käthchen von Heilbronn.
Geography
Heilbronn is located in the northern corner of the Neckar basin at the bottom of the Wartberg (308 m). It occupies both banks of the Neckar, and the highest spot inside city limits is the Schweinsberg with a height of 372 meters. Heilbronn is adjacent to the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park and is surrounded by vineyards.
Heilbronn and its surroundings are located in the northern part of the larger Stuttgart metropolitan area. The city is the economic center of the Heilbronn-Franken region and is one of fourteen such cities in the Baden-Württemberg master plan of 2002. It also serves Abstatt, Bad Rappenau, Bad Wimpfen, Beilstein, Brackenheim, Cleebronn, Eberstatt, Ellhofen, Eppingen, Flein, Gemmingen, Güglingen, Ilsfeld, Ittlingen, Kirchardt, Lauffen am Neckar, Lehrensteinsfeld, Leingarten, Löwenstein, Massenbachhausen, Neckarwestheim, Nordheim, Obersulm, Pfaffenhofen, Schwaigern, Siegelsbach, Talheim, Untergruppenbach, Weinsberg, Wüstenrot, and Zaberfeld as a regional economic centre.
Neighboring communities
Heilbronn shares a border with the following cities and towns, all part of Heilbronn County and listed here clockwise from the North: Bad Wimpfen, Neckarsulm, Erlenbach, Weinsberg, Lehrensteinsfeld, Untergruppenbach, Flein, Talheim, Lauffen am Neckar, Nordheim, Leingarten, Schwaigern, Massenbachhausen and Bad Rappenau.
Boroughs
The city is divided into nine boroughs:
Climate
History
Up to AD 1200
The oldest traces of humans in and around Heilbronn date back to the Old Stone Age (30,000 BC). The fertile Neckar floodplains in the Heilbronn basin aided early settlement by farmers and ranchers. The city limits of present-day Heilbronn contain many sites of Bronze Age finds. Later on, but still before AD, the Celts already mined here for salt from brine.
Under Roman Emperor Domitian (AD 81–96) the Romans pushed east away from the Rhine and the outer boundary of the Roman Empire was set at the Neckar-Odenwald Limes. A castle in today's borough of Böckingen was part of that limes, and nearby numerous Roman villas and plantations were built. Around AD 150, the Neckar-Odenwald Limes became obsolete when the boundary of the Roman Empire was moved approximately to the east, where it was subsequently fortified with the construction of the Upper Germanic Limes complete with parapet and trenches.
Around 260, the Romans surrendered the limes, and the Alamanni became rulers of the Neckar basin. Between the 4th and 7th centuries, the area became part of the Frankish Empire, and the first settlement was built in the general vicinity of the present center of town.
In 741, Heilbronn is first mentioned in an official document of the Diocese of Würzburg as villa Helibrunna (together with a Michaelsbasilica), and in 841, King Louis the German set up court here for a period of time. The name Heilbrunna (healing well) hints to a well that is located not far from the basilica. In 1050, a significant settlement of Jews is noted in official documents, and the Codex of the monastery in Hirsau documented Heilbronn's right to hold market days and mint coins, mentioning its harbor and vineyards as well. The name of the city became a widespread Jewish surname in many varieties, see Heilprin, Halpern, and Halperin.
1200–1500
In 1225, Heilbronn was incorporated into the Hohenstaufen Empire as oppidum Heilecbrunnen. Oppidum signified a city fortified by parapet and trenches. Later during the 13th century, the Teutonic Knights obtained ownership of a large area south of Heilbronn which would remain owned by that order until German Mediatisation in 1805. Starting in 1268, the order built the Deutschhof there as one of its residences. The church building of the order that was located on the premises was modified and expanded several times: First in 1350 it was expanded (Gothic), then it was remodeled in 1719 (Baroque), and in 1977, it was consecrated as a cathedral.
After the demise of the Staufen dynasty, King Rudolf I returned city status to Heilbronn in 1281 and installed a regal advocate to rule the city. In addition to the advocate he put a council in place that was headed up by a mayor. Around 1300, the first city hall was erected in the market place and the Kilianskirche (built on the foundation of the Michaelsbasilica) was expanded. The Neckar privilege gave the city the right to modify the flow of the river in 1333, which meant it now had the right to construct dams, harbors and mills. Because of the infrastructure thus created, during the 14th century Heilbronn grew attractive to merchants and craftspeople, who now demanded the right to determine their own fate.
In 1371, Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, issued a new charter to the city. Now Heilbronn needed to answer only to the Emperor and as such was an Imperial Free City. Craftspeople and merchants were now represented in its council and the villages of Böckingen, Flein, Frankenbach and Neckargartach became part of Heilbronn's territory.
As an Imperial Free City Heilbronn was threatened by the ambitious House of Württemberg. A relationship with the Holy Roman Emperor and a treaty with the Electorate of the Palatinate in effect from 1417 to 1622 strengthened Heilbronn's position and kept the House of Württemberg at bay. The political stability enjoyed by the city during the 15th century enabled it to expand, and many of its historic structures, such as the Kilianskirche (1455–60), trace their origins to that era.
1500–1700
Götz von Berlichingen spent three years in "knightly custody" in Heilbronn starting in 1519 and even spent a night in the tower of the bastion. That same year people first took note of the pub owner Jäcklein Rohrbach who with accomplices would later kill the executor of Böckingen. After he had spent some time in the Hohenlohe Plains and collected similarly minded characters around him, he returned to Heilbronn in April 1525 just as the German Peasants' War was getting into full swing. On April 16 the peasants killed many of the nobles in Weinsberg and on April 18 the Heilbronn monastery of the Order of Our Lady of Mt. Carmel was attacked and ransacked. The city opened its gates in response to demands of the peasants and consequently more churches and municipal institutions were robbed the next day. For about a month Heilbronn remained under the control of rebellious peasants. And even though Johann Lachmann, later a church reformer, had attempted to mediate, the peasants did not leave the city until one of their armies was defeated on May 12, 1525, in Böblingen. Their leader Rohrbach was executed on May 21, 1525, in Neckargartach and his home town of Böckingen was partially burnt to the ground in punishment.
In 1528, the replacement of the mayor by Hans Riesser, a Protestant, brought on the previously delayed Reformation and through the efforts of Reformer Lachmann schools and healthcare were also reorganized. In 1529 the Kilianskirche (church tower of the Kilianskirche) was completed. It was the first important religious building of the Renaissance in Germany. The year 1530 brought about the acceptance of the Augsburg Confession by city council and residents and the Heilbronn Catechism of 1536 is the second oldest catechism in the Protestant Church. In 1538 Heilbronn joined the Schmalkaldic League but by 1546 squabbles between troops of the Schmalkaldic League and those of the Emperor Charles V escalated into battles that were won by the Emperor. As a result, Charles V spent Christmas 1546 in Heilbronn to attend the ensuing criminal proceedings. It is also Charles V who in 1522 changed the charter of the city and this charter survived almost unscathed until 1803.
During the Thirty Years' War the city and surrounding villages suffered badly. After the battle of Wimpfen in 1622, Neckargartach was burnt to the ground. In 1631 Heilbronn was occupied by imperial troops but the same year the Swedes succeeded in conquering the city. From 1644 through 1647, Heilbronn was again part of the Holy Roman Empire, but then French troops moved in and later those of the Electorate of the Palatinate. The city was not free of occupying forces until four years after the Peace of Westphalia of 1648. But already in the 1670s the city again became the stage for armed manoeuvres, until it was occupied by French troops in 1688. But while that occupation of the city only lasted several months, the French were only persuaded to leave the surrounding areas in 1693, after a large defensive army had been put into the field and fortifications had been erected.
1700–1900
During the 18th century, archives suggest all members of the city council enjoyed some sort of formal education; Schiller and Goethe came to visit; and elaborate buildings were being constructed in the Rococo style.
On September 9, 1802, Heilbronn lost its status as an Imperial Free City when the troops of Duke Friedrich I of Württemberg arrived. The duke had conceded the left bank of the Rhine to France during the French Revolutionary Wars but had been compensated with areas on the right bank. This is how Heilbronn and other former Imperial Free Cities became part of Württemberg in 1803. Heilbronn became the seat of an Oberamt (district), and the four Imperial Free villages became separate communities within the district. In 1806 the Duchy of Württemberg became the Kingdom of Württemberg.
In 1815, Heilbronn again became a staging area for major armies ahead of the campaign against Napoleon, and 10,000 troops paraded in front of Emperor Franz of Austria and more than one hundred German princes and generals in the Theresienwiese. Tsar Alexander I of Russia met in Heilbronn with the Baltic Baroness Juliane von Krüdener, who talked him into founding the "Holy Alliance".
Industrialization arrived in 1820. When the first train lines were placed in service in Württemberg, Heilbronn was at the end of the line of the northern branch that connected Heilbronn with Stuttgart and further fueled industrialization.
For a while Heilbronn suffered from the upheavals of the Baden Revolution that its civil guard participated in. During that time the 8th infantry regiment switched sides and joined the revolutionaries until it was subsequently disarmed and force-transferred out of the area.
In 1849, the Hoerner Bank, one of the oldest still functioning banks in Germany, was founded in Heilbronn.
Heilbronn became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the unification of Germany.
In the 1860s the city's train tracks were extended to Heidelberg via Bad Wimpfen, to Würzburg via Osterburken, and to Crailsheim (and later on to Nuremberg) via Schwäbisch Hall. In 1880, the Kraichgau line was completed and created an important connection towards Karlsruhe, and by the end of the 19th century, Heilbronn had become an important hub, second in Wuerttemburg to Stuttgart in industrial output.
The year 1892 brought a connection to the power plant in Lauffen; thus Heilbronn became the first city in the world to enjoy long-distance electric power.
1900–1945
With the dissolution of monarchy in the German Reich as a result of World War I, Heilbronn became part of the Free People's State of Württemberg in 1918.
After almost a century of economic boom and growth of the local industry Heilbronn's citizenry included many labourers. The city came to be known as a "red hot spot"; numerous worker and sports clubs were begun. Already prior to World War I the SPD cornered the majority of the vote and stayed that course during the Weimar Republic. At his visit to the city on May 15, 1926, Hitler was clearly not welcome by everyone, and several people were injured when a man was mistaken for Hitler and attacked. Hitler himself was able to give his speech in the city's community center Harmonie, but the SPD had the majority in Heilbronn over the NSDAP as late as the elections on March 5, 1933.
Richard Drauz, who had been born into a respected Heilbronn family, became Heilbronn's NSDAP Kreisleiter (District Leader) in 1932. He was also elected to the Reichstag from 1933 on and pushed hard for the Gleichschaltung of the Heilbronn clubs and press in Nazi Germany.
On July 28, 1935, the port was opened in a canal off the Neckar, and 1936 saw the Autobahn between Heilbronn and Stuttgart completed. Economy and infrastructure were booming in Württemberg, and Heilbronn was at the logistic centre of it all. As the result of a district reform on October 1, 1938, Heilbronn became the seat of the newly created Heilbronn County and regained independent city status. At the same time the previously independent communities of Böckingen, Sontheim, and Neckargartach were annexed, and with 72,000 residents Heilbronn then was the second largest city in Württemberg. The port turned into an important transfer station on the Neckar and one of the ten largest interior ports in the country.
On November 10, 1938, the Heilbronn synagogue was destroyed during the Kristallnacht. Soon thereafter the Jewish community was all but eliminated.
Starting in 1942 during World War II, the salt mines in and around Heilbronn were used to store art and artifacts from Germany, France, and Italy. Similarly, important producers of the war industry were moved into the mine shafts. The expansion of the shafts was undertaken by labour brigades of the concentration camp branches in Kochendorf and Neckargartach. From Heilbronn all the way to Neckarelz numerous subterraneous complexes, some of them gigantic, were constructed; on November 20, 1942, the Heilbronn Bureau of Labour had 8,000 forced labourers registered in its district.
In 1940 allied air raids began, and the city and its surrounding area were hit about 20 times with minor damage. On September 10, 1944, a raid by the allies targeted the city specifically, in particular the Böckingen train transfer station. As a result of 1,168 bombs dropped that day, 281 residents died. The city was carpet-bombed from the southern quarter all the way to the Kilianskirche in the center of town. The church was burnt out.
After a ten-day battle, with the allies advancing over the strategically important Neckar crossings, the war ended for the destroyed city, and it was occupied by the U.S. Army on April 12, 1945. Local NSDAP leader Richard Drauz became a fugitive because of executions of American prisoners of war he had ordered in March 1945. He was eventually arrested, tried, and hanged by the Allies in Landsberg on December 4, 1946.
Second Half of the 20th Century
After the war, Emil Beutinger, mayor until 1933, returned to office and began the formidable task of reconstruction that was subsequently continued by his successors Paul Metz and Paul Meyle. Milestones were the rededication of historic city hall in 1953 and the reopening of the community centre, Harmonie. Heilbronn was part of Württemberg-Baden until 1952, after which it became part of Baden-Württemberg.
After 1951, US troops were permanently stationed in Heilbronn. They used barracks built prior to World War II and added some structures of their own.
The opening of the Autobahn A 6 from Heilbronn to Mannheim in 1968 was an important economic event. When the A 81 to Würzburg and the A 6 to Nuremberg was completed in 1974 and 1979, respectively, Heilbronn became an important logistical centre in southern Germany. As a result, many large companies opened offices in Heilbronn.
When Klingenberg became part of Heilbronn on January 1, 1970, the city's population exceeded 100,000 for the first time; thus Heilbronn attained "major city" (Großstadt) status. During the last district reform in the 1970s, Kirchhausen, Biberach, Frankenbach and Horkheim were incorporated into Heilbronn, and the city was reconfirmed as independent city and seat of Heilbronn County. It was also declared seat of the newly formed Franken region, now Heilbronn-Franken.
Also during the 1970s, the centre of the city was transformed into a pedestrian zone and the rededication of the city theatre in 1982 closed one of the largest holes left in the inner city from World War II.
Pursuant to the NATO Double-Track Decision of 1979, Pershing II intermediate-range nuclear missiles were stationed just uphill of Heilbronn in the Waldheide. This made Heilbronn the only major city in Germany with atomic missiles inside its city limits — a fact that became front-page news during the missile accident on January 11, 1985. After the INF Treaty was signed in 1987, the missiles were removed.
In the 1980s, Heilbronn hosted Heimatttage and Landesgartenschau staged by the State of Baden-Württemberg.
21st Century
In 1998, Heilbronn was connected to the S-Bahn net with Karlsruhe. This further transformed the city centre, and an extension of the S-Bahn towards Öhringen opened on December 10, 2005, marking the completion of the east–west axis of the Baden-Wuerttemburg regional transportation system. In 2013, the north–south axis to Neckarsulm was opened.
Heilbronn won the European competition "Entente Florale 2000" on September 9, 2000, in Broughshane, Northern Ireland, and in 2005–06 the city became the first UNICEF children's city in Germany.
Late in 2005, Heilbronn was chosen to host the Bundesgartenschau in 2019. More than 2.3 million visitors came to the garden and city exhibition in 2019, which took place on a former commercial site of about 40 hectares located directly north of the main station. Now a part of the site is being developed into a new Urban district called Neckarbogen, where up to 3,500 people will live and 1,000 people will work in the future. The first buildings of the green and family-friendly quarter have been highly acclaimed and already received several awards.
Other major new buildings in the city area in recent years include two Neckar bridges, the two shopping centres Stadtgalerie and Klosterhof, the experimenta Science Center and the Bildungscampus.
In 2021, the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg decides to locate its new innovation park artificial intelligence in Heilbronn.
Religion
Ever since the Franks under Chlodwig settled in the Neckar region around 500 the area has been predominantly Christian and when Heilbronn was first mentioned in an official document in 741 Christian Michaelsbasilica, present day's Kilianskirche, was mentioned along with the city. The Teutonic Knights constructed its church from the 13th century and both churches were continually expanded. They were joined later by other churches and cloisters in the city.
Around 1050 an important Jewish community was mentioned that had settled in what became known as the Judengasse (Lohtorstraße). In 1298, 143 Jews were killed during the Rintfleisch-Pogrom and in 1350 Jews suffered attacks again during a European epidemic of the Bubonic plague. The city's constitution required the council to include Jews, but already in the middle of the 15th century Jews were the target of vigilantes again until they were evicted from the city in 1490 with the blessings of Emperor Frederick III.
It is worth noting that the common Jewish name Halpern, and many variants such as Alpert, derive from the name of this city Heilbronn, and the early Jewish community there.
While Heilbronn was part of the Diocese of Würzburg, the independent villages of Böckingen, Neckargartach and Frankenbach were attached to the Diocese of Worms. From 1514 on the Heilbronn native Johann Lachmann was caretaker of the parish in St. Kilian, in 1521 he became its preacher, in 1524 he converted to Lutheranism and proceeded to teach and lead the Reformation in Heilbronn against the wishes of both dioceses. After the Protestant reformation of Heilbronn was complete the city remained Lutheran for centuries and the council and citizens accepted the Augsburg Confession without dissent. Catholics were no longer welcome, Jews were prohibited from settling in Heilbronn, and the city took part in the Protestation at Speyer on April 19, 1529 (the Protestation was the origin of the terms Protestant and Protestantism).
The Age of Enlightenment brought Heilbronn freedom of religion. From 1803 Jews were again permitted to settle in the city, Catholics also began to move back in and by the 1860s Jews were granted equal rights as Heilbronn citizens.
After the city became part of Württemberg in 1803 it also became seat of a deaconry and the Prelate or regional bishop of the Protestant State Church in Württemberg. To this day Protestants are in the majority in Heilbronn. The Catholic parishes belong to the Deacony Heilbronn and are part of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart.
Around 1920 first groups of "Serious Bible Students" (now: Jehovah's Witnesses) formed. Their small community suffered from oppression during the Third Reich and many of its members died in concentration camps. Similarly, the Jewish community had to watch as its colossal synagogue went up in flames and its 350 members were subsequently all but extinguished. Jehovah's Witnesses built a first meeting room in Heilbronn in 1953 and many more have been added since then.
Since the 1970s, after guest workers and immigrants from Islamic or Russian-Orthodox countries settled here, these faiths are practiced by a growing part of the population and numerous mosques have been created since the 1990s in the city and county of Heilbronn.
District reform
Over the years, the following, formerly independent towns or communities, have been annexed to Heilbronn:
Demographics
Figures reflect city limits at the time and are estimates (until 1870) or Census data (¹), or official extensions thereof, counting only primary residences.
¹ Census data
Government
In connection with the district reform in the 1970s, municipal laws of Baden-Württemberg were amended to introduce borough councils for certain boroughs. Residents of such boroughs elect their borough council at each municipal election and the borough council must be consulted on all matters of significance to the respective borough. The Borough President also presides over the Borough Council. In Heilbronn the boroughs of Biberach, Böckingen, Frankenbach, Horkheim, Kirchhausen, Klingenberg, Neckargartach, and Sontheim have borough councils.
City council
After the municipal elections of May 26, 2019 the city council of Heilbronn was made up of 40 seats. One member changed form Pro Heilbronn to AfD, Therefore, the members belong to political parties as follows:
Mayor
At first Heilbronn was governed by a regal advocate and an executor. Later, the city had two mayors but ever since the city was made part of Württemberg it has had just one mayor at a time.
Representatives from Heilbronn
The city of Heilbronn together with the northern municipalities of Heilbronn County makes up the electoral District 268 for national elections of representatives to the Bundestag.
For State elections to the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg Heilbronn makes up an electoral district (District 18) together with Erlenbach. Before the 2006 elections, it was an electoral district all by itself.
Coat of arms
Heilbronn's coat of arms features a black eagle with red tongue and claws on golden background. The eagle is protected by a red, silver and blue shield. The city flag is red, white and blue.
The oldest seal of the city dates back to 1265. The eagle is the symbol for the imperial freedom enjoyed by Heilbronn until it was annexed by the Grand Duchy (and later Kingdom) of Württemberg. While it is established that it appeared for the first time with shield in 1556 to distinguish it from other versions of eagles, the origin of the colors of the shield has yet to be determined. The colors also appeared in reverse order in 1556, 1581 and 1681 and there have been other variations of colour as well, such as white rather than golden background.
Interesting is the fact that Heilbronn sports three colours in its flag. Newly dedicated municipal flags in Baden-Württemberg only use two colours. According to State municipal laws, Heilbronn's flag was grandfathered as it had been in use prior to 1935.
Main sights
Buildings
Historic manual crane
Bollwerksturm
Deutschhof
Steam power plant
Community centre "Harmonie"
Court and Fleischhaus
Götzenturm
Hafenmarktturm (port market tower)
Haus Zehender at the market place
Käthchenhaus at the market place
City Hall with historic astronomic clock
Schießhaus
Trappenseeschlösschen
Weinvilla
Churches
Kilianskirche (Protestant): The tower from the early Renaissance is the logo of the city. The high altar by Hans Seyffer was completed in 1498.
Deutschordensmünster St.-Peter-und-Paul (Catholic)
Nikolaikirche (Protestant)
Museums
Museum of Natural History
City Galery Deutschhof
Museum of archeology
Kleist-Archiv Sembdner
South-German Train Museum Heilbronn
Other sights
Old cemetery (created in 1530, a park since 1882)
Viewing tower on the Wartberg hill provides a nice view of Heilbronn and the neighboring area.
Ehrenfriedhof for the victims of the air raid on December 4, 1944
Fleinertorbrunnen
Robert Mayer Memorial in the market place
Bismarck Memorial
Siebenröhrenbrunnen
Trappensee
Culture
Language
Heilbronn is located near the border between the Swabian and the South Franconian dialects of the German language.
Theater
The Heilbronn municipal theatre on Berliner Platz was built between 1979 and 1982 and continues the tradition of the municipal theatre that was once located there. Together with the adjacent Logentheater of the Theaterforum K3, completed in 2001, the Salon 3 and the BOXX the Heilbronn Theatre offers drama, musical and opera performances.
The Theaterschiff Heilbronn, located on the Neckar river, also offers changing performances.
The young theatre label Tacheles and Tarantismus has created a place of encounter and dialogue with the theatre laboratory STILBRUCH. The programme includes in-house productions and own play developments, workshops with students, readings, performance pieces, concerts, open-stage formats and party series.
Museum
The Heilbronn's municipal museum in the Deutschhof shows its art and sculpture collections as well as exhibits on the history of the city, archaeology and the history of the earth. The municipal art collection focuses on works by regional artists, including 18th and 19th century painters such as Heinrich Friedrich Füger and Carl Doerr as well as 20th century artists such as Heinrich Altherr and Hal Busse. There is also a special collection of small sculptures and bozzetti by international sculptors such as Wilhelm Lehmbruck and Henry Moore. The archaeology collection is in the tradition of the earlier municipal collection of ground finds founded by Alfred Schliz (1849-1915) and largely destroyed during the Second World War. Friedrich von Alberti (1795-1878), who gave the name Triassic to the sequence of Buntsandstein, Muschelkalk and Keuper, was particularly responsible for research into the history of the earth in and around Heilbronn.
The Deutschhof is also home to Haus der Stadtgeschichte (House of City History), which hosts a permanent exhibition on the city's history by the Heilbronn City Archive. Admission to the permanent exhibitions of the municipal museums and the city archives is free, and the exhibition rooms are structurally connected. The municipal museums also run the Vogelmann Art Gallery together with the Heilbronn Art Association.
The Kunsthalle Vogelmann is a municipal exhibition hall in Heilbronn and focusses on modern art. The Kunsthalle was built in 2009/2010 as an extension of the municipal concert and congress center Harmonie.
The most important art associations in the city are the Kunstverein Heilbronn, which has existed with two new foundations since 1879 and has held more than 400 events since 1956, and the Künstlerbund, Heilbronn.
The Literaturhaus Heilbronn has opened in 2020. It is located in the Trappenseeschlösschen, a striking baroque building in the middle of a lake in the east of the city. With readings by contemporary authors, lectures, discussions, workshops and conferences as well as smaller temporary exhibitions, the Literaturhaus Heilbronn offers a variety of formats on the subject of literature and reading. Associated to the Literaturhaus is the Kleist Archiv Semdner, an archive and study center on the famous German author Heinrich von Kleist.
In 2009, Experimenta, the largest science centre in southern Germany, opened in the Hagenbucher, a former storage building. The exhibition was expanded by 2019 with a new building, designed by Sauerbruch Hutton, an architecture practice based in Berlin, Germany.
Music
The Württemberg Chamber Orchestra Heilbronn (WKO), founded in 1960 by Jörg Faerber, is one of the best known German chamber orchestras.
Since 2015 the Classic Open Air Festival takes place in the city centre. With free admission and in the open air, orchestras and music groups from Heilbronn present themselves with a varied concert program.
The Heilbronn municipal music school is housed in the K3 theatre forum.
The jazz club Cave 61, founded in 1961, is a nationally known organizer of jazz concerts with jazz groups from all over the world. Its venue is an old theatre.
Other cultural venues
The city of Heilbronn supports various cultural projects, including the art and cultural workhouse Zigarre and Kommunales Kino in the Kulturkeller in the Gewerkschaftshaus as well as the free cultural center Maschinenfabrik, which started in 2021 in an old factory.
Events
In February the citizens of Heilbronn and the surrounding area have an opportunity to enjoy themselves at the Pferdemarkt. In May the Trollinger marathon takes place. The Heilbronner Volksfest on the Theresienwiese is the largest festival of its kind in Heilbronn. Each year it begins on the last Friday in July and ends on the second Monday in August. In September, people enjoy themselves at the Heilbronner Weindorf, in October at the Hafenmarkt and in November and December at the Weihnachtsmarkt, a Christmas market.
Sport
FC Heilbronn is a football club based in Heilbronn, Baden-Württemberg formed only recently – in 2003 – out of a merger between two former clubs with the elder dating back to 1896 and playing a five-year stint in the Regionalliga Süd (II) / 2nd Bundesliga Süd from 1969 to 1975.
Heilbronn hosts an annual tennis tournament Heilbronn Open (see Heilbronn Open website) which is part of the ATP Challenger tour.
Heilbronn is also the hometown of ice hockey team Heilbronner Falken (Heilbronn Falcons). The team currently plays in the second German ice hockey league. The Eisbären Heilbronn (Heilbronn polar bears) is the second ice hockey team, which is playing in the regional league South-West in Baden-Württemberg.
The „Red Devils“ Heilbronn is a wrestling team, which is part of the national wrestling league.
The city's 68 sport clubs offer a wide range of different sporting activities and have around 30,000 members.
Economy and infrastructure
Viticulture has a long tradition in Heilbronn and is an important part of its economy to this day. Its 514 ha, two thirds of it growing red grapes, is the third largest vineyard in Württemberg's vine-growing region after Brackenheim and Lauffen am Neckar. In 1888, the vintners of the Heilbronn area combined and formed the Weingärtnergesellschaft Heilbronn, a cooperative. In 1933, that cooperative then merged with the competing cooperative Winzergenossenschaft Heilbronn that had formed in 1919 and that cooperative again merged with the Vintner cooperatives of Erlenbach and Weinsberg to form the Genossenschaftskellerei Heilbronn-Erlenbach-Weinsberg with seat just outside the city limits in Erlenbach. In addition to the cooperative, numerous independent vintners are also located here.
South of the steam power plant is located the conveyor tower of the Südwestdeutsche Salzwerke AG (SWS). The SWS runs a salt mine in the Heilbronn area. That mine was connected through a tunnel with the now shut-down (since 1994) salt mine Kochendorf in Bad Friedrichshall. Extraction had extended the Heilbronn mine far to the west so that in 2004 a new shaft, Konradsberg, was added — probably the last mining shaft that was constructed in all of Germany.
Infrastructure
The city of Heilbronn is readily accessible by road courtesy of the Weinsberg Intersection just to the northeast of the city, the intersection of the Autobahn A 81 from Würzburg to Gottmadingen and the A 6 from Saarbrücken to Waidhaus. In addition to the Autobahns the city is connected via the Bundesstraßen B 27 from Blankenburg to Schaffhausen, B 39 from Frankenstein (Palatine) to Mainhardt and B 293 from Karlsruhe to Heilbronn that both run through the city itself.
Heilbronn is also a forerunner of right turn on red in Germany and 65 "Green arrow" signs have been installed at appropriate intersections since 1996.
Although Heilbronn Hauptbahnhof (central station) does not benefit from the Deutsche Bahn long-distance service, the city is well connected by train. The Franconia Railway (Frankenbahn) connects Stuttgart and Würzburg, the Neckar Valley Railway and Elsenz Valley Railway run from Heilbronn to Heidelberg and Mannheim, and the Hohenlohe Railway accommodates travel to Schwäbisch Hall via Öhringen.
The Heilbronn and Karlsruhe Stadtbahns provide a connection all the way to Karlsruhe on the Kraichgau Railway's tracks. Currently the S 4 takes travellers from Karlsruhe through the central train station past the centre of town all the way to the Öhringen borough of Cappel (since December 11, 2005). Because of massive delays in the construction of the S-Bahn tracks through Heilbronn's city limits and with the modernization and electrification of the existing tracks from Heilbronn to Öhringen meant that the new section's official opening needed to be postponed several times. In the future, additional S-Bahn lines are planned to Neckarsulm, Lauffen am Neckar and Zaberfeld. As well a these new lines, additional stops will also be built in the inner city of Heilbronn. In 2014 the S-Bahn line to Neckarsulm was established.
Whilst the original Straßenbahn of Heilbronn, nicknamed the Spatzenschaukel (German for "sparrows' swing"), was discontinued on April 1, 1955, the city used electrically powered trolley buses until 1960. Today, public transportation is provided by the S-Bahn that runs through Heilbronn similar to the Karlsruhe model and this is complemented by buses run by the Stadtwerke Heilbronn (Verkehrsbetriebe) and several other enterprises. All now belong to the Heilbronner Verkehrsverbund.
The canal port on the Neckar is one of the ten largest German interior ports.
Power plant
In the industrial part of Heilbronn EnBW AG runs a large powerplant that is powered by coal. Its two chimneys (250 m tall) and cooling tower (140 m tall) are visible from afar, see Heilbronn Power Station
Transport
The public light rail system with the lines S4, S41 and S42 (Heilbronn Stadtbahn) is run by the Albtal-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft. The local bus system is run by the Stadtwerke Heilbronn (municipal utilities of Heilbronn). There are also various regional bus lines to the Zabergäu area, the Schozach/Bottwartal area, the Kraichgau area and the Kochertal area. These are run by OVR (a part of the Transdev group) and Regiobus Stuttgart (a part of DB Regio).
Media
Heilbronn is home to one of the studios of Südwestrundfunk (SWR). From here regional programmes like Frankenradio are broadcast on SWR4 Baden-Württemberg. The Heilbronner Stimme is a daily newspaper published in the city and the advertisers Neckar Express, echo am Mittwoch and echo am Sonntag are available weekly free of charge. Heilbronners also peruse the monthly city magazines Freizeit Journal and Moritz.
Public service
Several courts are located in Heilbronn, two belonging to the Stuttgart court district, a specialty court hearing labour issues, and a family court whose district includes the city of Heilbronn and the counties of Heilbronn, Ludwigsburg, Schwäbisch Hall, Hohenlohe and Main-Tauber.
The city is also the seat of the Prelature of Heilbronn and of the church district of Heilbronn (of the Protestant State Church as well as of the Heilbronn Deacony of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart).
Education
Heilbronn offers a wide range of higher education institutions developing very dynamically. In 2020, 9054 people were studying in Heilbronn, almost 60 percent more than ten years ago. On 1 February 2020 the Ministry of the Interior of Baden-Württemberg awarded the city of Heilbronn the designation of University City.
Heilbronn is the seat of the main campus of the Hochschule Heilbronn, founded in 1961 as a public engineering school. Since 1971 the school was known as the Fachhochschule Heilbronn (Heilbronn University) and has operated a secondary campus in Künzelsau since 1988. Starting with the fall semester on September 1, 2005, the Fachhochschule was awarded the status of a Hochschule. In 2009 a third campus in Schwäbisch Hall was established.
Today the business faculties of the Hochschule Heilbronn reside at the Bildungscampus of the Dieter Schwarz Foundation in the heart of Heilbronn along with the Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University Heilbronn (DHBW Heilbronn), the Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University - Center for Advanced Studies (DHBW CAS) as well as the Campus Heilbronn of the Technical University of Munich and other educational establishments and scientific institutions.
42 Heilbronn, a full-time tuition-free coding school, was established in 2021 nearby the Bildungscampus.
As far as general education is concerned, Heilbronn operates five college-track highschools or gymnasiums (Elly-Heuss-Knapp-Gymnasium, Justinus-Kerner-Gymnasium, Mönchsee-Gymnasium, Robert-Mayer-Gymnasium and Theodor-Heuss-Gymnasium), four non-college-track highschools or Realschulen (Dammrealschule, Helene-Lange-Realschule, Heinrich-von-Kleist-Realschule in Böckingen and Mörike-Realschule). There are also six special-education schools run by the city Wilhelm-Hofmann-Förderschule, Pestalozzi-Förderschule, and Paul-Meyle-Schule for the mentally and physically impaired, two special-education schools run by Heilbronn County (Gebrüder-Grimm-Schule for the speech impaired and Hermann-Herzog-Schule for the seeing impaired), and the Lindenparkschule, which is run by the state of Baden-Württemberg for the hearing and speech impaired. The latter also includes a boarding school and consultation centre.
City primary schools are the Damm-Grundschule, Deutschorden-Grundschule Kirchhausen, Grundschule Horkheim, Grundschule Klingenberg, Grünewaldschule Grundschule Böckingen, Reinöhlschule Grundschule Böckingen, Silcherschule Grundschule and Uhlandschule Grundschule Sontheim. Grammar and middle schools (some include vocational training programs) are Albrecht-Dürer-Schule Neckargartach, Elly-Heuss-Knapp-Schule Böckingen, Fritz-Ulrich-Schule Böckingen, Gerhart-Hauptmann-Schule, Grund- und Hauptschule mit Werkrealschule Biberach, Grund- und Hauptschule mit Werkrealschule Frankenbach, Ludwig-Pfau-Schule, Rosenauschule, Staufenbergschule Sontheim, Wartbergschule and Wilhelm-Hauff-Schule.
The Gustav-von-Schmoller-Schule and the Technische Schulzentrum Heilbronn consisting of the Johann-Jakob-Widmann-Schule and the Wilhelm-Maybach-Schule are professional training schools run by the city. The county runs the Andreas-Schneider-Schule and Christiane-Herzog-Schule, and in the fall of 2005 the Peter-Bruckmann-Schule was added to the already operating professional training schools.
Finally, the following private schools round out the education options offered in Heilbronn:
The Abendrealschule Heilbronn e.V. allows students with middle school diplomas to achieve the first in a series of steps to gain college entrance prerequisites on a part-time basis after work. It is part of a structured program commonly referred to as the Alternate Path to Higher Education.
Academy for Communication sciences
Alice-Salomon-Schule
Altenpflegeschule Heilbronn
Berufskolleg für Grafik Heilbronn
Freie Waldorfschule Heilbronn
Internationaler Bund e. V. Bildungszentrum Heilbronn
Katholisches Freies Bildungszentrum St. Kilian Heilbronn with grammar, middle, and college-track as well as non-college-track highschools
Kolping-Bildungszentrum Heilbronn
Crime
A female police officer, Michéle Kiesewetter, was in 2007 fatally shot in Heilbronn, an event that gave its name to the so-called Phantom of Heilbronnan elusive serial killer hunted by German police for several years. The "Phantom" was in March 2009 revealed not be a serial killer, but the result of procedural errors by the German police. In 2011 the police discovered that Kiesewetter was murdered by National Socialist Underground terrorists.
Twin towns – sister cities
Heilbronn is twinned with:
Béziers, France (1965)
Solothurn, Switzerland (1981)
Stockport, England (1982)
Frankfurt (Oder), Germany (1988)
Słubice, Poland (1998)
Novorossiysk, Russia (2019)
Notable people
Gallery
Footnotes
References
Sources
(Publications from the archives of the city of Heilbronn; 36)
Published so far are Vols. I–VII (741 to 1957) and X (1970 to 1974)
Keyser, Erich (ed.) (1962). Württembergisches Städtebuch. In: Deutsches Städtebuch. Handbuch städtischer Geschichte. Vol. 4,2. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer Verlag.
External links
Official website of the City of Heilbronn
Hochschule Heilbronn (Heilbronn University)
Bildungscampus Heilbronn (Education and Science Campus)
Stuttgart (region)
Free imperial cities
Swabian Circle
Swabian League
Württemberg
Former states and territories of Baden-Württemberg
Holocaust locations in Germany |
Lucia Poli (born 14 June 1940), is an Italian actress, playwright and stage director.
Life and career
Born in Florence, the sister of the actor Paolo, Poli began her career in 1970 with the children's theater. In the mid-1970s she formed her own stage company and started writing her works, characterized by social and feminist themes and by a peculiar comic verve, filled with paradoxical and satirical moods.
Poli was also active on radio, television and cinema; in 1997 she won the Nastro d'Argento for best supporting actress for her performance in the Ugo Chiti's comedy film Albergo Roma.
References
External links
Italian film actresses
Italian television actresses
1940 births
People from Treviso
Italian stage actresses
Living people |
The Church of St Nicholas in West Pennard, Somerset, England, dates from the 15th century and is a Grade I listed building.
From the 13th to 15th century West Pennard was a chapelry of the Church of St John the Baptist in Glastonbury. The chapel was dedicated to Saint Nicholas in 1210.
The tower dates from around 1482, following the chancel and south aisle which had been built earlier in the 15th century. The north aisle was added in the 16th century. The tower holds six bells four of which were cast in the early 17th century.
The interior includes a screen with Tudor carvings in the chancel.
The churchyard cross, which was built between 1493 and 1524 by Abbot Richard Beere of Glastonbury, is also Grade I listed.
The parish is part of the Brue benefice which includes Baltonsborough with Butleigh, West Bradley and West Pennard within the Glastonbury deanery.
See also
Grade I listed buildings in Mendip
List of Somerset towers
List of ecclesiastical parishes in the Diocese of Bath and Wells
References
15th-century church buildings in England
Buildings and structures completed in 1482
Towers completed in the 15th century
Grade I listed churches in Somerset
Church of England church buildings in Mendip District
Grade I listed buildings in Mendip District |
```go
package semver
import (
"errors"
"fmt"
"strconv"
"strings"
)
const (
numbers string = "0123456789"
alphas = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ-"
alphanum = alphas + numbers
)
// SpecVersion is the latest fully supported spec version of semver
var SpecVersion = Version{
Major: 2,
Minor: 0,
Patch: 0,
}
// Version represents a semver compatible version
type Version struct {
Major uint64
Minor uint64
Patch uint64
Pre []PRVersion
Build []string //No Precedence
}
// Version to string
func (v Version) String() string {
b := make([]byte, 0, 5)
b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Major, 10)
b = append(b, '.')
b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Minor, 10)
b = append(b, '.')
b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Patch, 10)
if len(v.Pre) > 0 {
b = append(b, '-')
b = append(b, v.Pre[0].String()...)
for _, pre := range v.Pre[1:] {
b = append(b, '.')
b = append(b, pre.String()...)
}
}
if len(v.Build) > 0 {
b = append(b, '+')
b = append(b, v.Build[0]...)
for _, build := range v.Build[1:] {
b = append(b, '.')
b = append(b, build...)
}
}
return string(b)
}
// FinalizeVersion discards prerelease and build number and only returns
// major, minor and patch number.
func (v Version) FinalizeVersion() string {
b := make([]byte, 0, 5)
b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Major, 10)
b = append(b, '.')
b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Minor, 10)
b = append(b, '.')
b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Patch, 10)
return string(b)
}
// Equals checks if v is equal to o.
func (v Version) Equals(o Version) bool {
return (v.Compare(o) == 0)
}
// EQ checks if v is equal to o.
func (v Version) EQ(o Version) bool {
return (v.Compare(o) == 0)
}
// NE checks if v is not equal to o.
func (v Version) NE(o Version) bool {
return (v.Compare(o) != 0)
}
// GT checks if v is greater than o.
func (v Version) GT(o Version) bool {
return (v.Compare(o) == 1)
}
// GTE checks if v is greater than or equal to o.
func (v Version) GTE(o Version) bool {
return (v.Compare(o) >= 0)
}
// GE checks if v is greater than or equal to o.
func (v Version) GE(o Version) bool {
return (v.Compare(o) >= 0)
}
// LT checks if v is less than o.
func (v Version) LT(o Version) bool {
return (v.Compare(o) == -1)
}
// LTE checks if v is less than or equal to o.
func (v Version) LTE(o Version) bool {
return (v.Compare(o) <= 0)
}
// LE checks if v is less than or equal to o.
func (v Version) LE(o Version) bool {
return (v.Compare(o) <= 0)
}
// Compare compares Versions v to o:
// -1 == v is less than o
// 0 == v is equal to o
// 1 == v is greater than o
func (v Version) Compare(o Version) int {
if v.Major != o.Major {
if v.Major > o.Major {
return 1
}
return -1
}
if v.Minor != o.Minor {
if v.Minor > o.Minor {
return 1
}
return -1
}
if v.Patch != o.Patch {
if v.Patch > o.Patch {
return 1
}
return -1
}
// Quick comparison if a version has no prerelease versions
if len(v.Pre) == 0 && len(o.Pre) == 0 {
return 0
} else if len(v.Pre) == 0 && len(o.Pre) > 0 {
return 1
} else if len(v.Pre) > 0 && len(o.Pre) == 0 {
return -1
}
i := 0
for ; i < len(v.Pre) && i < len(o.Pre); i++ {
if comp := v.Pre[i].Compare(o.Pre[i]); comp == 0 {
continue
} else if comp == 1 {
return 1
} else {
return -1
}
}
// If all pr versions are the equal but one has further prversion, this one greater
if i == len(v.Pre) && i == len(o.Pre) {
return 0
} else if i == len(v.Pre) && i < len(o.Pre) {
return -1
} else {
return 1
}
}
// IncrementPatch increments the patch version
func (v *Version) IncrementPatch() error {
v.Patch++
return nil
}
// IncrementMinor increments the minor version
func (v *Version) IncrementMinor() error {
v.Minor++
v.Patch = 0
return nil
}
// IncrementMajor increments the major version
func (v *Version) IncrementMajor() error {
v.Major++
v.Minor = 0
v.Patch = 0
return nil
}
// Validate validates v and returns error in case
func (v Version) Validate() error {
// Major, Minor, Patch already validated using uint64
for _, pre := range v.Pre {
if !pre.IsNum { //Numeric prerelease versions already uint64
if len(pre.VersionStr) == 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("Prerelease can not be empty %q", pre.VersionStr)
}
if !containsOnly(pre.VersionStr, alphanum) {
return fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in prerelease %q", pre.VersionStr)
}
}
}
for _, build := range v.Build {
if len(build) == 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("Build meta data can not be empty %q", build)
}
if !containsOnly(build, alphanum) {
return fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in build meta data %q", build)
}
}
return nil
}
// New is an alias for Parse and returns a pointer, parses version string and returns a validated Version or error
func New(s string) (*Version, error) {
v, err := Parse(s)
vp := &v
return vp, err
}
// Make is an alias for Parse, parses version string and returns a validated Version or error
func Make(s string) (Version, error) {
return Parse(s)
}
// ParseTolerant allows for certain version specifications that do not strictly adhere to semver
// specs to be parsed by this library. It does so by normalizing versions before passing them to
// Parse(). It currently trims spaces, removes a "v" prefix, adds a 0 patch number to versions
// with only major and minor components specified, and removes leading 0s.
func ParseTolerant(s string) (Version, error) {
s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
s = strings.TrimPrefix(s, "v")
// Split into major.minor.(patch+pr+meta)
parts := strings.SplitN(s, ".", 3)
// Remove leading zeros.
for i, p := range parts {
if len(p) > 1 {
p = strings.TrimLeft(p, "0")
if len(p) == 0 || !strings.ContainsAny(p[0:1], "0123456789") {
p = "0" + p
}
parts[i] = p
}
}
// Fill up shortened versions.
if len(parts) < 3 {
if strings.ContainsAny(parts[len(parts)-1], "+-") {
return Version{}, errors.New("Short version cannot contain PreRelease/Build meta data")
}
for len(parts) < 3 {
parts = append(parts, "0")
}
}
s = strings.Join(parts, ".")
return Parse(s)
}
// Parse parses version string and returns a validated Version or error
func Parse(s string) (Version, error) {
if len(s) == 0 {
return Version{}, errors.New("Version string empty")
}
// Split into major.minor.(patch+pr+meta)
parts := strings.SplitN(s, ".", 3)
if len(parts) != 3 {
return Version{}, errors.New("No Major.Minor.Patch elements found")
}
// Major
if !containsOnly(parts[0], numbers) {
return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in major number %q", parts[0])
}
if hasLeadingZeroes(parts[0]) {
return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Major number must not contain leading zeroes %q", parts[0])
}
major, err := strconv.ParseUint(parts[0], 10, 64)
if err != nil {
return Version{}, err
}
// Minor
if !containsOnly(parts[1], numbers) {
return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in minor number %q", parts[1])
}
if hasLeadingZeroes(parts[1]) {
return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Minor number must not contain leading zeroes %q", parts[1])
}
minor, err := strconv.ParseUint(parts[1], 10, 64)
if err != nil {
return Version{}, err
}
v := Version{}
v.Major = major
v.Minor = minor
var build, prerelease []string
patchStr := parts[2]
if buildIndex := strings.IndexRune(patchStr, '+'); buildIndex != -1 {
build = strings.Split(patchStr[buildIndex+1:], ".")
patchStr = patchStr[:buildIndex]
}
if preIndex := strings.IndexRune(patchStr, '-'); preIndex != -1 {
prerelease = strings.Split(patchStr[preIndex+1:], ".")
patchStr = patchStr[:preIndex]
}
if !containsOnly(patchStr, numbers) {
return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in patch number %q", patchStr)
}
if hasLeadingZeroes(patchStr) {
return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Patch number must not contain leading zeroes %q", patchStr)
}
patch, err := strconv.ParseUint(patchStr, 10, 64)
if err != nil {
return Version{}, err
}
v.Patch = patch
// Prerelease
for _, prstr := range prerelease {
parsedPR, err := NewPRVersion(prstr)
if err != nil {
return Version{}, err
}
v.Pre = append(v.Pre, parsedPR)
}
// Build meta data
for _, str := range build {
if len(str) == 0 {
return Version{}, errors.New("Build meta data is empty")
}
if !containsOnly(str, alphanum) {
return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in build meta data %q", str)
}
v.Build = append(v.Build, str)
}
return v, nil
}
// MustParse is like Parse but panics if the version cannot be parsed.
func MustParse(s string) Version {
v, err := Parse(s)
if err != nil {
panic(`semver: Parse(` + s + `): ` + err.Error())
}
return v
}
// PRVersion represents a PreRelease Version
type PRVersion struct {
VersionStr string
VersionNum uint64
IsNum bool
}
// NewPRVersion creates a new valid prerelease version
func NewPRVersion(s string) (PRVersion, error) {
if len(s) == 0 {
return PRVersion{}, errors.New("Prerelease is empty")
}
v := PRVersion{}
if containsOnly(s, numbers) {
if hasLeadingZeroes(s) {
return PRVersion{}, fmt.Errorf("Numeric PreRelease version must not contain leading zeroes %q", s)
}
num, err := strconv.ParseUint(s, 10, 64)
// Might never be hit, but just in case
if err != nil {
return PRVersion{}, err
}
v.VersionNum = num
v.IsNum = true
} else if containsOnly(s, alphanum) {
v.VersionStr = s
v.IsNum = false
} else {
return PRVersion{}, fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in prerelease %q", s)
}
return v, nil
}
// IsNumeric checks if prerelease-version is numeric
func (v PRVersion) IsNumeric() bool {
return v.IsNum
}
// Compare compares two PreRelease Versions v and o:
// -1 == v is less than o
// 0 == v is equal to o
// 1 == v is greater than o
func (v PRVersion) Compare(o PRVersion) int {
if v.IsNum && !o.IsNum {
return -1
} else if !v.IsNum && o.IsNum {
return 1
} else if v.IsNum && o.IsNum {
if v.VersionNum == o.VersionNum {
return 0
} else if v.VersionNum > o.VersionNum {
return 1
} else {
return -1
}
} else { // both are Alphas
if v.VersionStr == o.VersionStr {
return 0
} else if v.VersionStr > o.VersionStr {
return 1
} else {
return -1
}
}
}
// PreRelease version to string
func (v PRVersion) String() string {
if v.IsNum {
return strconv.FormatUint(v.VersionNum, 10)
}
return v.VersionStr
}
func containsOnly(s string, set string) bool {
return strings.IndexFunc(s, func(r rune) bool {
return !strings.ContainsRune(set, r)
}) == -1
}
func hasLeadingZeroes(s string) bool {
return len(s) > 1 && s[0] == '0'
}
// NewBuildVersion creates a new valid build version
func NewBuildVersion(s string) (string, error) {
if len(s) == 0 {
return "", errors.New("Buildversion is empty")
}
if !containsOnly(s, alphanum) {
return "", fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in build meta data %q", s)
}
return s, nil
}
// FinalizeVersion returns the major, minor and patch number only and discards
// prerelease and build number.
func FinalizeVersion(s string) (string, error) {
v, err := Parse(s)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
v.Pre = nil
v.Build = nil
finalVer := v.String()
return finalVer, nil
}
``` |
Doors Open is a 2012 Scottish thriller heist film directed by Marc Evans, starring Douglas Henshall, Stephen Fry, Lenora Crichlow and Kenneth Collard. It is based on the 2008 novel of the same name by Ian Rankin, about a self-made millionaire, an art professor and a banker, who come together to undertake an audacious art heist. The film was commissioned by ITV and produced by Stephen Fry's Sprout Pictures production company. It was officially released on 26 December 2012 in the UK.
Plot
After an evening’s drinking with Professor Gissing (Fry), an art expert, and banker Allan Cruickshank (Collard), self-made millionaire Mike McKenzie (Henshall) and his friends dream up a plot to rip-off one of the most high-profile targets in the country – Edinburgh’s private art collection owned by a national bank.
Cast
Douglas Henshall as Mike McKenzie
Stephen Fry as Professor Gissing
Lenora Crichlow as Laura Stanton
Kenneth Collard as Allan Cruickshank
Brian McCardie as Charlie Calloway
Elliot Cowan as Bruce Cameron
Philip Whitchurch as The Geordie
Paul McCole as Glenn
Rab Affleck as Hate
Sarah McCardie as Carol
Bobby Rainsbury as HR Woman
Ellie O'Brien as Theresa
Production
Filming began on 23 April 2012 in Edinburgh. Parts of the film were also shot on the coast of the Scottish Borders and Garvald, East Lothian, with saleroom scenes shot at Edinburgh auction house, Lyon & Turnbull.
References
External links
2012 television films
2012 films
British thriller television films
British crime thriller films
Scottish films
English-language Scottish films
2012 crime thriller films
British heist films
Scottish television films
Films based on British novels
Films directed by Marc Evans
Films shot in Edinburgh
Films shot in East Lothian
Films shot in the Scottish Borders
2010s English-language films
2010s British films |
Herbert Hill Peyton (born January 6, 1932) is an American entrepreneur and founder of Gate Petroleum in Jacksonville, Florida, which had sales of $1.44 billion in 2008. He is the father of John Peyton, current President of Gate and former two-term Mayor of Jacksonville.
Company origins
Peyton bought his first gas station in 1960 and slowly expanded throughout the decade, diversifying when gas became scarce during the Arab Oil embargo of the early 1970s.
In 1997, he acknowledged owning 80 percent of Gate Petroleum, with the remaining 20 percent belonging to "the Brothers"; long-term employees (men and women) who were instrumental in the company's growth, which had 2006 revenues of over U.S. $1.28 billion.
In 2001, The Florida Times-Union reported that Peyton, "pushing 70, is a larger than life figure who competes in triathlons and does at least one six-mile run every week, as well as a one-mile swim far out beyond the surf line". He has five children from three marriages; the oldest, John Peyton, is currently President of Gate and previously served two terms as Mayor of Jacksonville from 2003 to 2011. Herb Peyton attended the University of Florida, and was a member of the class of 1956.
Civic involvement
Herb Peyton was a trustee of the Alfred I. duPont Testamentary Trust from January 18, 1995 to January 31, 2017. He also served on the Nemours Foundation Board of Directors and is a trustee emeritus. Peyton was elected as a director of Florida East Coast Industries and St. Joe Company in December 2000 and provided the benefit of his experience through 2004, when he retired from both boards. Peyton was named an honorary director of Dreams Come True in recognition of his contribution of land and construction material for the non-profit's new headquarters in 2002.
In 2004, the National Association of Office and Industrial Properties chapter in Northeast Florida presented the William Drennon Lifetime Achievement Award to Peyton.
Peyton made a $1 million gift to the Bolles School in 2006, the largest capital donation in school history. The money was used to construct a facility for the school's Crew team, named the Peyton Boathouse. The Bolles boys and girls Crew teams have each won five state championships.
Since its founding in 1993, he was a member of the Jacksonville Non-Group, which evolved into the Jacksonville Civic Council.
Retirement
In a January 9, 2009, interview in the Jacksonville Daily Record, Mayor John Peyton was asked about his plans for 2011 when his term ends. He responded:
"I’m going back to Gate and rejoin the family business. I’m looking forward to that. I told dad (Herb Peyton) that he has saved a lot of money because he hasn’t had to pay me for eight years. I think my father is very eager to retire. He wasn’t excited about me running for a second term. If it had been his choice, I would have gone back [to Gate] sooner."
On January 3, 2012, three days before his 80th birthday, Herb Peyton retired as Gate's President but remained Chairman, taking a less active company role. He named son John as company president and son Hill as vice president of marketing. When asked about his future involvement, Peyton indicated that he would not be involved with the daily operations, but would "help when needed and offer advice when asked--and on occasion, when not asked." He also intends to continue his training and fitness regimen, which includes swimming and running nearly every day.
References
Further reading
Newboy: the Autobiography of Herbert Hill Peyton, Gate Petroleum Co, January 1997, .
American energy industry businesspeople
Businesspeople from Jacksonville, Florida
University of Florida alumni
Florida Republicans
1932 births
Living people
Gate Petroleum |
William Jack Poulter (born 28 January 1993) is an English actor. He first gained recognition for his role as Eustace Scrubb in the fantasy adventure film The Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader (2010). He received critical praise for his starring role in the comedy film We're the Millers (2013), for which he won the BAFTA Rising Star Award.
Poulter starred in the first and third film of the dystopian science fiction film trilogy The Maze Runner (2014–2018), the period epic film The Revenant (2015), the crime drama film Detroit (2017), the interactive science fiction film Black Mirror: Bandersnatch (2018), and the folk horror film Midsommar (2019). In 2021, he had a leading role in the Hulu miniseries Dopesick, for which he received an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie. In 2023, he joined the Marvel Cinematic Universe as Adam Warlock in Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3.
Early life
Poulter was born on 28 January 1993 in Hammersmith, London, the son of Neil Poulter, a professor of Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine at Imperial College London, and Caroline (née Barrah), a former nurse who was brought up in Kenya. He was a pupil at Harrodian School, whose well-known acting graduates include George MacKay and Robert Pattinson. He struggled in school due to dyslexia and developmental coordination disorder, saying in 2013, "It felt like it didn't matter how hard I tried, I wasn't getting anywhere. That's the most demoralising thing, as a kid. And to find something like drama, which I loved so much... it gave me a sense of purpose."
Poulter began studying drama at the University of Bristol in 2012, before dropping out after a year. In 2023 Poulter stated, "The dropping out part is 100% true. I always had an ambition to go to university and study drama. I was not certain of whether acting could be my long-term guaranteed career path and then I got offered The Maze Runner and that's ultimately why I left. Thankfully I've been able to call myself a full-time actor since."
Career
2007–2012: Early work
Poulter played various acting roles before landing the role of Lee Carter in the 2007 movie Son of Rambow, which was released to positive reviews and praised for the performances of Poulter and his co-star Bill Milner. He also performed with other young comedic actors in School of Comedy, which aired its pilot on Channel 4's Comedy Lab on 21 August 2008. School of Comedy was then commissioned for a full series by Channel 4, which began airing on 2 October 2009. The programme finished after a second series.
In 2009, he was selected to play the role of Eustace Scrubb in the film The Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader (filmed in Queensland, Australia), and was accompanied by some members of his family. The movie was first screened on 10 December 2010. The film opened to mixed reviews, but Poulter's performance was well received.
In 2010, he appeared in the BBC Three pilot The Fades, a 60-minute supernatural thriller written by Skins writer Jack Thorne. The pilot was picked up as a six-part series with an almost entirely new cast, which aired in 2011.
Poulter began filming a small British independent film called Wild Bill, directed by Dexter Fletcher, at the end of 2010. The film was released on 23 March 2012 to extremely positive reviews, with praise for Poulter's performance. In 2011, Poulter appeared with his School of Comedy co-star and popular British blogger, Jack Harries, on his YouTube channel JacksGap, in a video called Jack and Will. In 2012, Poulter began studying drama at the University of Bristol where he lived in Badock Hall, however dropped out after a year in order to pursue acting full time.
2013–present: mainstream recognition and further work
In 2013, he played Kenny in We're the Millers, starring Jennifer Aniston and Jason Sudeikis. He also appeared as a caretaker in the music video for Rizzle Kicks' song "Skip to the Good Bit". Though he loved the script and auditioned for the role of Augustus Waters, he was denied the part in The Fault in Our Stars.
In 2014, he played Fordy in the crime film Plastic, directed by Julian Gilbey and starring Ed Speleers, Alfie Allen, Sebastian De Souza and Emma Rigby. The same year, he played Gally in the film adaptation of The Maze Runner, alongside Dylan O'Brien and Kaya Scodelario. Poulter went on to describe the film, and his role in it, as "a turning point" in his career.
In 2015, Poulter starred as Shane in the Irish indie film Glassland, directed by Gerard Barrett and co-starring Jack Reynor and Toni Collette.
In 2014, Poulter won the BAFTA Rising Star Award, voted for by the public. The same year, he also won the MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance and the MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss (shared with his co-stars Jennifer Aniston and Emma Roberts) for his performance in We're the Millers.
In 2014, Poulter was chosen as one of 23 upcoming actors to feature in July's issue of Vanity Fair, with all actors being named "Hollywood's Next Wave".
Poulter played Jim Bridger in the revenge-thriller The Revenant (2015), directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu, and starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Tom Hardy. The film centres on an 1820s frontiersman on a path of vengeance against those who left him for dead after a bear mauling. In 2017, he played the racist police officer Philip Krauss in the film Detroit, about the 1967 Detroit riots. His performance was praised by Metros Matt Prigge, who called him "terrifyingly confident".
Poulter was initially cast as Pennywise the Dancing Clown in the 2017 adaptation of the Stephen King novel It. However, it was announced in June 2016 that Bill Skarsgård had been cast instead because Poulter dropped out due both to scheduling conflicts (the film was set to shoot at the same time as Poulter was set to begin work on Detroit) as well as the departure of its initial director, Cary Fukunaga.
In 2018, Poulter reprised his role as Gally in Maze Runner: The Death Cure, the third and final instalment of the Maze Runner film series. Later that year, he starred in the film The Little Stranger as Roderick "Roddy" Ayres, a facially disfigured, haunted war veteran; and as game developer Colin Ritman in Black Mirror: Bandersnatch, a standalone interactive film of the Black Mirror television series. In 2019, he played the character of Mark in Ari Aster's horror film Midsommar. In 2020, he participated in filming The Dark Pictures Anthology: Little Hope, an interactive choice game created by Supermassive Games, in which he portrays Andrew, Anthony, and Abraham.
Poulter played the role of OxyContin sales representative Billy Cutler in Hulu's 2021 drama miniseries Dopesick. Poulter's performance was nominated for a 2022 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie for this role.
In October 2021, Poulter was cast as Adam Warlock in Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3, which released on 5 May 2023.
Personal life
Poulter is a supporter of Arsenal F.C.
Filmography
Film
Television
Video games
Radio
Awards and nominations
References
External links
1993 births
Living people
21st-century English male actors
BAFTA Rising Star Award winners
BAFTA winners (people)
English male child actors
English male film actors
English male stage actors
English male television actors
People educated at The Harrodian School
Male actors from Hammersmith
Actors with dyslexia
English people with disabilities
British actors with disabilities
Alumni of the University of Bristol |
Glycolipid transfer protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GLTP gene.
The protein encoded by this gene is similar to bovine and porcine proteins which accelerate transfer of certain glycosphingolipids and glyceroglycolipids between membranes. It is thought to be a cytoplasmic protein.
References
Further reading |
Mukhtaran may refer to:
Mukhtaran Bibi, Pakistani rape victim
Mukhtaran, Iran, a village in South Khorasan Province, Iran
See also
Mukhtar (disambiguation) |
Jorge Iván Villalobos Seañez (born 19 July 1978) is a Mexican politician and lawyer affiliated with the PAN. As of 2013 he served as a Deputy in the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Sinaloa.
Controversies
In August 2014, Reporte Indigo published online a video of Villalobos and several other PAN deputies, among them Luis Alberto Villarreal and Máximo Othón Zayas, in a party with exotic dancers at a luxury compound in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco. Villalobos was subsequently fired from his leadership position in the Chamber of Deputies.
References
1978 births
Living people
People from Chihuahua (state)
21st-century Mexican lawyers
National Action Party (Mexico) politicians
University of Salamanca alumni
21st-century Mexican politicians
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education alumni
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Sinaloa |
Fuentes is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1894. it contains only two species, found only in Central America and Mexico: F. pertinax and F. yucatan.
References
External links
Salticidae.org: Diagnostic drawings
Salticidae genera
Salticidae
Spiders of Central America
Spiders of Mexico |
In mathematics, a Heyting algebra (also known as pseudo-Boolean algebra) is a bounded lattice (with join and meet operations written ∨ and ∧ and with least element 0 and greatest element 1) equipped with a binary operation a → b of implication such that (c ∧ a) ≤ b is equivalent to c ≤ (a → b). From a logical standpoint, A → B is by this definition the weakest proposition for which modus ponens, the inference rule A → B, A ⊢ B, is sound. Like Boolean algebras, Heyting algebras form a variety axiomatizable with finitely many equations. Heyting algebras were introduced by to formalize intuitionistic logic.
As lattices, Heyting algebras are distributive. Every Boolean algebra is a Heyting algebra when a → b is defined as ¬a ∨ b, as is every complete distributive lattice satisfying a one-sided infinite distributive law when a → b is taken to be the supremum of the set of all c for which c ∧ a ≤ b. In the finite case, every nonempty distributive lattice, in particular every nonempty finite chain, is automatically complete and completely distributive, and hence a Heyting algebra.
It follows from the definition that 1 ≤ 0 → a, corresponding to the intuition that any proposition a is implied by a contradiction 0. Although the negation operation ¬a is not part of the definition, it is definable as a → 0. The intuitive content of ¬a is the proposition that to assume a would lead to a contradiction. The definition implies that a ∧ ¬a = 0. It can further be shown that a ≤ ¬¬a, although the converse, ¬¬a ≤ a, is not true in general, that is, double negation elimination does not hold in general in a Heyting algebra.
Heyting algebras generalize Boolean algebras in the sense that Boolean algebras are precisely the Heyting algebras satisfying a ∨ ¬a = 1 (excluded middle), equivalently ¬¬a = a. Those elements of a Heyting algebra H of the form ¬a comprise a Boolean lattice, but in general this is not a subalgebra of H (see below).
Heyting algebras serve as the algebraic models of propositional intuitionistic logic in the same way Boolean algebras model propositional classical logic. The internal logic of an elementary topos is based on the Heyting algebra of subobjects of the terminal object 1 ordered by inclusion, equivalently the morphisms from 1 to the subobject classifier Ω.
The open sets of any topological space form a complete Heyting algebra. Complete Heyting algebras thus become a central object of study in pointless topology.
Every Heyting algebra whose set of non-greatest elements has a greatest element (and forms another Heyting algebra) is subdirectly irreducible, whence every Heyting algebra can be made subdirectly irreducible by adjoining a new greatest element. It follows that even among the finite Heyting algebras there exist infinitely many that are subdirectly irreducible, no two of which have the same equational theory. Hence no finite set of finite Heyting algebras can supply all the counterexamples to non-laws of Heyting algebra. This is in sharp contrast to Boolean algebras, whose only subdirectly irreducible one is the two-element one, which on its own therefore suffices for all counterexamples to non-laws of Boolean algebra, the basis for the simple truth table decision method. Nevertheless, it is decidable whether an equation holds of all Heyting algebras.
Heyting algebras are less often called pseudo-Boolean algebras, or even Brouwer lattices, although the latter term may denote the dual definition, or have a slightly more general meaning.
Formal definition
A Heyting algebra H is a bounded lattice such that for all a and b in H there is a greatest element x of H such that
This element is the relative pseudo-complement of a with respect to b, and is denoted a→b. We write 1 and 0 for the largest and the smallest element of H, respectively.
In any Heyting algebra, one defines the pseudo-complement ¬a of any element a by setting ¬a = (a→0). By definition, , and ¬a is the largest element having this property. However, it is not in general true that , thus ¬ is only a pseudo-complement, not a true complement, as would be the case in a Boolean algebra.
A complete Heyting algebra is a Heyting algebra that is a complete lattice.
A subalgebra of a Heyting algebra H is a subset H1 of H containing 0 and 1 and closed under the operations ∧, ∨ and →. It follows that it is also closed under ¬. A subalgebra is made into a Heyting algebra by the induced operations.
Alternative definitions
Category-theoretic definition
A Heyting algebra is a bounded lattice that has all exponential objects.
The lattice is regarded as a category where
meet, , is the product. The exponential condition means that for any objects and in an exponential uniquely exists as an object in .
A Heyting implication (often written using or to avoid confusions such as the use of to indicate a functor) is just an exponential: is an alternative notation for . From the definition of exponentials we have that implication () is right adjoint to meet (). This adjunction can be written as or more fully as:
Lattice-theoretic definitions
An equivalent definition of Heyting algebras can be given by considering the mappings:
for some fixed a in H. A bounded lattice H is a Heyting algebra if and only if every mapping fa is the lower adjoint of a monotone Galois connection. In this case the respective upper adjoint ga is given by ga(x) = a→x, where → is defined as above.
Yet another definition is as a residuated lattice whose monoid operation is ∧. The monoid unit must then be the top element 1. Commutativity of this monoid implies that the two residuals coincide as a→b.
Bounded lattice with an implication operation
Given a bounded lattice A with largest and smallest elements 1 and 0, and a binary operation →, these together form a Heyting algebra if and only if the following hold:
where equation 4 is the distributive law for →.
Characterization using the axioms of intuitionistic logic
This characterization of Heyting algebras makes the proof of the basic facts concerning the relationship between intuitionist propositional calculus and Heyting algebras immediate. (For these facts, see the sections "Provable identities" and "Universal constructions".) One should think of the element as meaning, intuitively, "provably true." Compare with the axioms at Intuitionistic logic#Axiomatization ).
Given a set A with three binary operations →, ∧ and ∨, and two distinguished elements and , then A is a Heyting algebra for these operations (and the relation ≤ defined by the condition that when a→b = ) if and only if the following conditions hold for any elements x, y and z of A:
Finally, we define ¬x to be x→ .
Condition 1 says that equivalent formulas should be identified. Condition 2 says that provably true formulas are closed under modus ponens. Conditions 3 and 4 are then conditions. Conditions 5, 6 and 7 are and conditions. Conditions 8, 9 and 10 are or conditions. Condition 11 is a false condition.
Of course, if a different set of axioms were chosen for logic, we could modify ours accordingly.
Examples
Every Boolean algebra is a Heyting algebra, with p→q given by ¬p∨q.
Every totally ordered set that has a least element 0 and a greatest element 1 is a Heyting algebra (if viewed as a lattice). In this case p→q equals to 1 when p≤q, and q otherwise.
<li> The simplest Heyting algebra that is not already a Boolean algebra is the totally ordered set {0, , 1} (viewed as a lattice), yielding the operations:
In this example, that falsifies the law of excluded middle.
<li> Every topology provides a complete Heyting algebra in the form of its open set lattice. In this case, the element A→B is the interior of the union of Ac and B, where Ac denotes the complement of the open set A. Not all complete Heyting algebras are of this form. These issues are studied in pointless topology, where complete Heyting algebras are also called frames or locales.
<li> Every interior algebra provides a Heyting algebra in the form of its lattice of open elements. Every Heyting algebra is of this form as a Heyting algebra can be completed to a Boolean algebra by taking its free Boolean extension as a bounded distributive lattice and then treating it as a generalized topology in this Boolean algebra.
The Lindenbaum algebra of propositional intuitionistic logic is a Heyting algebra.
The global elements of the subobject classifier Ω of an elementary topos form a Heyting algebra; it is the Heyting algebra of truth values of the intuitionistic higher-order logic induced by the topos. More generally, the set of subobjects of any object X in a topos forms a Heyting algebra.
<li> Łukasiewicz–Moisil algebras (LMn) are also Heyting algebras for any n (but they are not MV-algebras for n ≥ 5).
Properties
General properties
The ordering on a Heyting algebra H can be recovered from the operation → as follows: for any elements a, b of H, if and only if a→b = 1.
In contrast to some many-valued logics, Heyting algebras share the following property with Boolean algebras: if negation has a fixed point (i.e. ¬a = a for some a), then the Heyting algebra is the trivial one-element Heyting algebra.
Provable identities
Given a formula of propositional calculus (using, in addition to the variables, the connectives , and the constants 0 and 1), it is a fact, proved early on in any study of Heyting algebras, that the following two conditions are equivalent:
The formula F is provably true in intuitionist propositional calculus.
The identity is true for any Heyting algebra H and any elements .
The metaimplication is extremely useful and is the principal practical method for proving identities in Heyting algebras. In practice, one frequently uses the deduction theorem in such proofs.
Since for any a and b in a Heyting algebra H we have if and only if a→b = 1, it follows from that whenever a formula F→G is provably true, we have for any Heyting algebra H, and any elements . (It follows from the deduction theorem that F→G is provable (unconditionally) if and only if G is provable from F, that is, if G is a provable consequence of F.) In particular, if F and G are provably equivalent, then , since ≤ is an order relation.
1 ⇒ 2 can be proved by examining the logical axioms of the system of proof and verifying that their value is 1 in any Heyting algebra, and then verifying that the application of the rules of inference to expressions with value 1 in a Heyting algebra results in expressions with value 1. For example, let us choose the system of proof having modus ponens as its sole rule of inference, and whose axioms are the Hilbert-style ones given at Intuitionistic logic#Axiomatization. Then the facts to be verified follow immediately from the axiom-like definition of Heyting algebras given above.
1 ⇒ 2 also provides a method for proving that certain propositional formulas, though tautologies in classical logic, cannot be proved in intuitionist propositional logic. In order to prove that some formula is not provable, it is enough to exhibit a Heyting algebra H and elements such that .
If one wishes to avoid mention of logic, then in practice it becomes necessary to prove as a lemma a version of the deduction theorem valid for Heyting algebras: for any elements a, b and c of a Heyting algebra H, we have .
For more on the metaimplication 2 ⇒ 1, see the section "Universal constructions" below.
Distributivity
Heyting algebras are always distributive. Specifically, we always have the identities
The distributive law is sometimes stated as an axiom, but in fact it follows from the existence of relative pseudo-complements. The reason is that, being the lower adjoint of a Galois connection, preserves all existing suprema. Distributivity in turn is just the preservation of binary suprema by .
By a similar argument, the following infinite distributive law holds in any complete Heyting algebra:
for any element x in H and any subset Y of H. Conversely, any complete lattice satisfying the above infinite distributive law is a complete Heyting algebra, with
being its relative pseudo-complement operation.
Regular and complemented elements
An element x of a Heyting algebra H is called regular if either of the following equivalent conditions hold:
x = ¬¬x.
x = ¬y for some y in H.
The equivalence of these conditions can be restated simply as the identity ¬¬¬x = ¬x, valid for all x in H.
Elements x and y of a Heyting algebra H are called complements to each other if x∧y = 0 and x∨y = 1. If it exists, any such y is unique and must in fact be equal to ¬x. We call an element x complemented if it admits a complement. It is true that if x is complemented, then so is ¬x, and then x and ¬x are complements to each other. However, confusingly, even if x is not complemented, ¬x may nonetheless have a complement (not equal to x). In any Heyting algebra, the elements 0 and 1 are complements to each other. For instance, it is possible that ¬x is 0 for every x different from 0, and 1 if x = 0, in which case 0 and 1 are the only regular elements.
Any complemented element of a Heyting algebra is regular, though the converse is not true in general. In particular, 0 and 1 are always regular.
For any Heyting algebra H, the following conditions are equivalent:
H is a Boolean algebra;
every x in H is regular;
every x in H is complemented.
In this case, the element is equal to
The regular (respectively complemented) elements of any Heyting algebra H constitute a Boolean algebra Hreg (respectively Hcomp), in which the operations ∧, ¬ and →, as well as the constants 0 and 1, coincide with those of H. In the case of Hcomp, the operation ∨ is also the same, hence Hcomp is a subalgebra of H. In general however, Hreg will not be a subalgebra of H, because its join operation ∨reg may be differ from ∨. For we have See below for necessary and sufficient conditions in order for ∨reg to coincide with ∨.
The De Morgan laws in a Heyting algebra
One of the two De Morgan laws is satisfied in every Heyting algebra, namely
However, the other De Morgan law does not always hold. We have instead a weak de Morgan law:
The following statements are equivalent for all Heyting algebras H:
H satisfies both De Morgan laws,
Condition 2 is the other De Morgan law. Condition 6 says that the join operation ∨reg on the Boolean algebra Hreg of regular elements of H coincides with the operation ∨ of H. Condition 7 states that every regular element is complemented, i.e., Hreg = Hcomp.
We prove the equivalence. Clearly the metaimplications and are trivial. Furthermore, and result simply from the first De Morgan law and the definition of regular elements. We show that by taking ¬x and ¬¬x in place of x and y in 6 and using the identity Notice that follows from the first De Morgan law, and results from the fact that the join operation ∨ on the subalgebra Hcomp is just the restriction of ∨ to Hcomp, taking into account the characterizations we have given of conditions 6 and 7. The metaimplication is a trivial consequence of the weak De Morgan law, taking ¬x and ¬y in place of x and y in 5.
Heyting algebras satisfying the above properties are related to De Morgan logic in the same way Heyting algebras in general are related to intuitionist logic.
Heyting algebra morphisms
Definition
Given two Heyting algebras H1 and H2 and a mapping we say that ƒ is a morphism of Heyting algebras if, for any elements x and y in H1, we have:
It follows from any of the last three conditions (2, 3, or 4) that f is an increasing function, that is, that whenever .
Assume H1 and H2 are structures with operations →, ∧, ∨ (and possibly ¬) and constants 0 and 1, and f is a surjective mapping from H1 to H2 with properties 1 through 4 above. Then if H1 is a Heyting algebra, so too is H2. This follows from the characterization of Heyting algebras as bounded lattices (thought of as algebraic structures rather than partially ordered sets) with an operation → satisfying certain identities.
Properties
The identity map from any Heyting algebra to itself is a morphism, and the composite of any two morphisms f and g is a morphism. Hence Heyting algebras form a category.
Examples
Given a Heyting algebra H and any subalgebra H1, the inclusion mapping is a morphism.
For any Heyting algebra H, the map defines a morphism from H onto the Boolean algebra of its regular elements Hreg. This is not in general a morphism from H to itself, since the join operation of Hreg may be different from that of H.
Quotients
Let H be a Heyting algebra, and let We call F a filter on H if it satisfies the following properties:
The intersection of any set of filters on H is again a filter. Therefore, given any subset S of H there is a smallest filter containing S. We call it the filter generated by S. If S is empty, Otherwise, F is equal to the set of x in H such that there exist with
If H is a Heyting algebra and F is a filter on H, we define a relation ∼ on H as follows: we write whenever and both belong to F. Then ∼ is an equivalence relation; we write for the quotient set. There is a unique Heyting algebra structure on such that the canonical surjection becomes a Heyting algebra morphism. We call the Heyting algebra the quotient of H by F.
Let S be a subset of a Heyting algebra H and let F be the filter generated by S. Then H/F satisfies the following universal property:
Given any morphism of Heyting algebras satisfying for every f factors uniquely through the canonical surjection That is, there is a unique morphism satisfying The morphism f′ is said to be induced by f.
Let be a morphism of Heyting algebras. The kernel of f, written ker f, is the set It is a filter on H1. (Care should be taken because this definition, if applied to a morphism of Boolean algebras, is dual to what would be called the kernel of the morphism viewed as a morphism of rings.) By the foregoing, f induces a morphism It is an isomorphism of onto the subalgebra f[H1] of H2.
Universal constructions
Heyting algebra of propositional formulas in n variables up to intuitionist equivalence
The metaimplication in the section "Provable identities" is proved by showing that the result of the following construction is itself a Heyting algebra:
Consider the set L of propositional formulas in the variables A1, A2,..., An.
Endow L with a preorder ≼ by defining F≼G if G is an (intuitionist) logical consequence of F, that is, if G is provable from F. It is immediate that ≼ is a preorder.
Consider the equivalence relation F∼G induced by the preorder F≼G. (It is defined by F∼G if and only if F≼G and G≼F. In fact, ∼ is the relation of (intuitionist) logical equivalence.)
Let H0 be the quotient set L/∼. This will be the desired Heyting algebra.
We write [F] for the equivalence class of a formula F. Operations →, ∧, ∨ and ¬ are defined in an obvious way on L. Verify that given formulas F and G, the equivalence classes [F→G], [F∧G], [F∨G] and [¬F] depend only on [F] and [G]. This defines operations →, ∧, ∨ and ¬ on the quotient set H0=L/∼. Further define 1 to be the class of provably true statements, and set 0=[⊥].
Verify that H0, together with these operations, is a Heyting algebra. We do this using the axiom-like definition of Heyting algebras. H0 satisfies conditions THEN-1 through FALSE because all formulas of the given forms are axioms of intuitionist logic. MODUS-PONENS follows from the fact that if a formula ⊤→F is provably true, where ⊤ is provably true, then F is provably true (by application of the rule of inference modus ponens). Finally, EQUIV results from the fact that if F→G and G→F are both provably true, then F and G are provable from each other (by application of the rule of inference modus ponens), hence [F]=[G].
As always under the axiom-like definition of Heyting algebras, we define ≤ on H0 by the condition that x≤y if and only if x→y=1. Since, by the deduction theorem, a formula F→G is provably true if and only if G is provable from F, it follows that [F]≤[G] if and only if F≼G. In other words, ≤ is the order relation on L/∼ induced by the preorder ≼ on L.
Free Heyting algebra on an arbitrary set of generators
In fact, the preceding construction can be carried out for any set of variables {Ai : i∈I} (possibly infinite). One obtains in this way the free Heyting algebra on the variables {Ai}, which we will again denote by H0. It is free in the sense that given any Heyting algebra H given together with a family of its elements 〈ai: i∈I 〉, there is a unique morphism f:H0→H satisfying f([Ai])=ai. The uniqueness of f is not difficult to see, and its existence results essentially from the metaimplication of the section "Provable identities" above, in the form of its corollary that whenever F and G are provably equivalent formulas, F(〈ai〉)=G(〈ai〉) for any family of elements 〈ai〉in H.
Heyting algebra of formulas equivalent with respect to a theory T
Given a set of formulas T in the variables {Ai}, viewed as axioms, the same construction could have been carried out with respect to a relation F≼G defined on L to mean that G is a provable consequence of F and the set of axioms T. Let us denote by HT the Heyting algebra so obtained. Then HT satisfies the same universal property as H0 above, but with respect to Heyting algebras H and families of elements 〈ai〉 satisfying the property that J(〈ai〉)=1 for any axiom J(〈Ai〉) in T. (Let us note that HT, taken with the family of its elements 〈[Ai]〉, itself satisfies this property.) The existence and uniqueness of the morphism is proved the same way as for H0, except that one must modify the metaimplication in "Provable identities" so that 1 reads "provably true from T," and 2 reads "any elements a1, a2,..., an in H satisfying the formulas of T."
The Heyting algebra HT that we have just defined can be viewed as a quotient of the free Heyting algebra H0 on the same set of variables, by applying the universal property of H0 with respect to HT, and the family of its elements 〈[Ai]〉.
Every Heyting algebra is isomorphic to one of the form HT. To see this, let H be any Heyting algebra, and let 〈ai: i∈I〉 be a family of elements generating H (for example, any surjective family). Now consider the set T of formulas J(〈Ai〉) in the variables 〈Ai: i∈I〉 such that J(〈ai〉)=1. Then we obtain a morphism f:HT→H by the universal property of HT, which is clearly surjective. It is not difficult to show that f is injective.
Comparison to Lindenbaum algebras
The constructions we have just given play an entirely analogous role with respect to Heyting algebras to that of Lindenbaum algebras with respect to Boolean algebras. In fact, The Lindenbaum algebra BT in the variables {Ai} with respect to the axioms T is just our HT∪T1, where T1 is the set of all formulas of the form ¬¬F→F, since the additional axioms of T1 are the only ones that need to be added in order to make all classical tautologies provable.
Heyting algebras as applied to intuitionistic logic
If one interprets the axioms of the intuitionistic propositional logic as terms of a Heyting algebra, then they will evaluate to the largest element, 1, in any Heyting algebra under any assignment of values to the formula's variables. For instance, (P∧Q)→P is, by definition of the pseudo-complement, the largest element x such that . This inequation is satisfied for any x, so the largest such x is 1.
Furthermore, the rule of modus ponens allows us to derive the formula Q from the formulas P and P→Q. But in any Heyting algebra, if P has the value 1, and P→Q has the value 1, then it means that , and so ; it can only be that Q has the value 1.
This means that if a formula is deducible from the laws of intuitionistic logic, being derived from its axioms by way of the rule of modus ponens, then it will always have the value 1 in all Heyting algebras under any assignment of values to the formula's variables. However one can construct a Heyting algebra in which the value of Peirce's law is not always 1. Consider the 3-element algebra {0,,1} as given above. If we assign to P and 0 to Q, then the value of Peirce's law ((P→Q)→P)→P is . It follows that Peirce's law cannot be intuitionistically derived. See Curry–Howard isomorphism for the general context of what this implies in type theory.
The converse can be proven as well: if a formula always has the value 1, then it is deducible from the laws of intuitionistic logic, so the intuitionistically valid formulas are exactly those that always have a value of 1. This is similar to the notion that classically valid formulas are those formulas that have a value of 1 in the two-element Boolean algebra under any possible assignment of true and false to the formula's variables—that is, they are formulas that are tautologies in the usual truth-table sense. A Heyting algebra, from the logical standpoint, is then a generalization of the usual system of truth values, and its largest element 1 is analogous to 'true'. The usual two-valued logic system is a special case of a Heyting algebra, and the smallest non-trivial one, in which the only elements of the algebra are 1 (true) and 0 (false).
Decision problems
The problem of whether a given equation holds in every Heyting algebra was shown to be decidable by Saul Kripke in 1965. The precise computational complexity of the problem was established by Richard Statman in 1979, who showed it was PSPACE-complete and hence at least as hard as deciding equations of Boolean algebra (shown coNP-complete in 1971 by Stephen Cook) and conjectured to be considerably harder. The elementary or first-order theory of Heyting algebras is undecidable. It remains open whether the universal Horn theory of Heyting algebras, or word problem, is decidable. Regarding the word problem it is known that Heyting algebras are not locally finite (no Heyting algebra generated by a finite nonempty set is finite), in contrast to Boolean algebras, which are locally finite and whose word problem is decidable. It is unknown whether free complete Heyting algebras exist except in the case of a single generator where the free Heyting algebra on one generator is trivially completable by adjoining a new top.
Topological representation and duality theory
Every Heyting algebra is naturally isomorphic to a bounded sublattice of open sets of a topological space , where the implication of is given by the interior of .
More precisely, is the spectral space of prime ideals of the bounded lattice and is the lattice of open and quasi-compact subsets of .
More generally, the category of Heyting algebras
is dually equivalent to the category of Heyting spaces.
This duality can be seen as restriction of the classical Stone duality of bounded distributive lattices to the (non-full) subcategory of Heyting algebras.
Alternatively, the category of Heyting algebras is dually equivalent to the category of Esakia spaces. This is called Esakia duality.
Notes
See also
Alexandrov topology
Superintuitionistic (aka intermediate) logics
List of Boolean algebra topics
Ockham algebra
References
F. Borceux, Handbook of Categorical Algebra 3, In Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, Vol. 53, Cambridge University Press, 1994.
G. Gierz, K.H. Hoffmann, K. Keimel, J. D. Lawson, M. Mislove and D. S. Scott, Continuous Lattices and Domains, In Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, Vol. 93, Cambridge University Press, 2003.
S. Ghilardi. Free Heyting algebras as bi-Heyting algebras, Math. Rep. Acad. Sci. Canada XVI., 6:240–244, 1992.
External links
Algebraic logic
Constructivism (mathematics)
Lattice theory |
Worthington is a city in Dubuque County, Iowa, United States. The population was 382 at the time of the 2020 census, up from 381 in 2000. Iowa Highway 136 passes through Worthington, which is situated north of Cascade and south of Dyersville.
History
The land on which Worthington is currently located was originally purchased by David Lovelace from the United States Government. The Dubuque South-Western Railroad — the local branch of the Chicago-Milwaukee and St. Paul lines — was contracted to establish a line from Farley to Cedar Rapids, Iowa. In 1858, an Englishman named Amos Worthington came to the area to establish a general store. By November of that year, the area became an unincorporated town known as the village of Worthington. By May of the following year regular rail service was established. A plat of Worthington was established with the Dubuque county recorder in 1858.
In 1861, Worthington sold his store to a William Moore and left for Cincinnati, Ohio. Eventually this store became known as the Heffner and Lattner Store. Settlers also began arriving in the area, with a number of people setting up businesses.
Soon a Baptist church was established in Worthington, with James Hill as Pastor. In 1868 Father Kortenkamp of St. Francis parish in Dyersville decided that Worthington was large enough to merit its own Catholic parish, and St. Paul's Catholic Church was begun.
On October 1, 1892, a number of local citizens filed a petition in the District Court of Iowa in and for Dubuque County asking for Worthington to be formally incorporated as a town. On November 23, the court called for village inhabitants Peter Baum, W. Lattner, G.A. Dando, Louis Hoppleu, and Theodore Ament to act as commissioners. As commissioners they were to call for a special election of all qualified people in the proposed area to vote on the matter of being incorporated. This election was held on January 2, 1893. There were 42 votes cast — 32 were for the proposal and ten were against. On January 10, 1893, the Clerk of the District Court reported that the election was held.
The notice of the incorporation election was posted in the Dyersville Commercial for several weeks, with the last notice being published on February 17, 1893. Then on March 6, 1893, the results of the election were formally certified by the District Court Clerk — finalizing the incorporation of Worthington, Iowa. The formal date of incorporation of Worthington was set as January 10, 1893 when the special election had taken place.
Geography
Worthington is located at (42.396745, -91.119529).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 401 people, 160 households, and 109 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 162 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 98.5% White, 0.2% African American, and 1.2% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the population.
There were 160 households, of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.3% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.9% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.05.
The median age in the city was 38.9 years. 26.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.6% were from 25 to 44; 27.9% were from 45 to 64; and 13% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.6% male and 49.4% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 381 people, 144 households, and 112 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 147 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 99.48% White, 0.52% from other races.
There were 144 households, out of which 39.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.6% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.2% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.08.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was US$36,250, and the median income for a family was $42,500. Males had a median income of $29,167 versus $18,846 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,119. About 4.1% of families and 3.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.6% of those under age 18 and 11.6% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Worthington is within the Western Dubuque Community School District. It is zoned to Dyersville Elementary School in Dyersville, Drexler Middle School in Farley, and Western Dubuque High School in Epworth.
St. Paul School, a Catholic school of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dubuque, started circa 1874. In 2015 it had 26 students, and closed that year.
Notables
Matt Tobin, American football offensive tackle for the New England Patriots, is from Worthington.
In Mike Mullin's 2011 novel, Ashfall, Worthington is one of the main character's stops on his journey.
References
Cities in Dubuque County, Iowa
Cities in Iowa
1858 establishments in Iowa
Populated places established in 1858 |
UHF is a Portuguese rock band formed in the late 1970s in Almada by António Manuel Ribeiro (vocals, guitar and keyboard), Renato Gomes (guitar), Carlos Peres (bass) and Zé Carvalho (drums).
They were the driving force behind the Portuguese rock boom of the early 1980s. At this time very few rock bands had success singing in Portuguese.
UHF already had released their first single, "Jorge morreu" ("George died"), about a death by overdose, when Rui Veloso, considered by many people as "the father of Portuguese rock", released his monumental first album Ar de rock ("Looks like Rock", a pun on "hard rock", which is how it sounds in Portuguese). After Veloso's success, a second single, "Cavalos de corrida" ("Racing horses"), was released, followed by three very successful albums in Portugal: À flor da pele, Estou de passagem, and Persona non grata. The group has celebrated 35 years of existence in 2014, with the only member from the original formation being António Manuel Ribeiro, the leader and frontman of the band, and considered to be one of the best rock poets in the history of Portuguese Rock.
History
In 1976, while punk rock captivated England and the United States, Portugal sought to adjust to the newly gained freedom with the April revolution. Rock was seen by young people as a counterculture movement, an escape from the dictatorial principles of the Salazar regime. Rock was synonymous of freedom, a musical language without connection to the past. The UHF were among the first to quench an immense rock thirst in this new social and political reality. António Manuel Ribeiro (voice and guitar), Carlos Peres (bass), Alfredo Antunes (drums) and a Brazilian guitarist formed in 1976, in Almada, a cover band called Purple Legion that played on the dance circuit, of the time because the rock that was made in the world was little publicized in the press and the radio. At the end of 1977, the drummer Américo Manuel joined Carlos Peres and António M. Ribeiro and started the compositions of the author. They changed the name of the band to Flower of the Skin and later, already with Renato Gomes in the guitar, for UHF. The process of evolution of the name of the band was explained by the singer:
The difficulties of that time were tremendous, because there were no rooms and there was no circuit of shows where the groups could be shown. The country was awakening from an enormous social apathy suffocated by years of isolation. The media reproduced some yé yé, the slight song, the fado, the national songóntismo and after 1974 prevailed the song of political intervention, as recalled Tozé Brito, former representative of Portuguese PolyGram: "After the revolution, who was not in the area of political song had nowhere to go. " Rock was regarded as a joke for boys in high school, which quickly diluted with the call for incorporation into the troop. Portugal could not evolve, too, culturally.
In early November 1978, they performed their first concert at Bar É, in Lisbon, playing the first part of the Sparks. In this concert they invited Vitor 'Macaco' - a Lisnave workman with a pint to give a show - to take on vocalization, but he would be in the band for a short time. António M. Ribeiro occupied only the rhythm guitar and choirs and only later he would assume the role of vocalist. In the audience, the radio broadcaster António Sérgio, an attentive observer, was enthusiastic about the underground sound of the UHF. The second concert took place at the Brown's nightclub in Lisbon, on November 18, 1978, in the first part of Aqui d'el-Rock. This is the official anniversary date considered by the UHF because it was the first concert with António M. Ribeiro in the lead voice. It was a pragmatic performance, as he later recalled: "I do not know if it was the timidity or the lack of sound rehearsal, but we played so loud and so fast and I screamed so much that we smothered our palms with a new song." The musicians lived in Almada and their travels to the capital were limited to the transportation schedules that made crossing the Tagus River. In order not to lose the last cacilheiro when returning home, it was necessary the fast exit after the concerts, being known like "the dudes of Almada that arrive, touch and disappear".
On June 3, 1979, they made their debut in big events, in what was the eleventh concert of the band, with the participation in the "Festival Antinuclear - By the Sun", held in Eduardo VII Park, where they played other names like Rão Kyao, Pedro Barroso, Vitorino, Fausto, Trovante, Minas & Traps, among others. On August 6 and 7 the UHF played in Vila Viçosa with another guitar player, Alfredo Pereira, who left for a more consistent project, but its passage was brief. Mines & Pitfalls - which caused an affront to local convictions - and the promising Xutos & Pontapés (ex-Beijinhos e Parabéns), still lacking media projection, were only able to get the first record in 1982.
In the spring of 1979 they were invited to record by the small publisher Metro-Som, similar to what had happened with the Aqui d'el-Rock. Even without a signed contract they released, in October of that year, the extended play Jorge Morreu (1979), a social intervention disc composed of three tracks that did not obtain commercial success. The publisher did not promote its bands on the radio or in the press. The rock sung in Portuguese still catted but needed to be released. Unhappy with the situation, they contacted the multinational PolyGram but the direction of the publisher, at the time, still did not go through the national rock. In 1979 already traveled Portugal from north to south, achieving the unprecedented feat of a complete national tour. The reputation was consolidated in multiple concerts, first in the great Lisbon and later throughout the country. They were one of the few bands chosen to make the first part of artists of international reputation, case of Dr. Feelgood with two consecutive concerts to 18 and 19 of September in the Dramatic of Cascais, and the new wave king, Elvis Costello, with Attractions, on the 15th in the Infante de Sagres pavilion in Oporto, and on December 17 and 18 in the Os Belenenses pavilion in Lisbon. The UHF acquired the status of 'live band' in the press, but went unnoticed to the editors, who did not leave the offices to see new live bands. The written language of rock in Portuguese, direct and spontaneous, arrived for the first time to all the places of Portugal. The daring Musicians of Almada began to make the real radiography of the life of the urban young people, speaking of the migratory flows, marginality, prostitution, hard drugs and the hard work in the Lisnave. They embodied the experience of 'being on the sidelines' and some rock orthodoxy inspired by the Doors and Lou Reed.
Discography
Studio Albums
1981 – À Flor Da Pele
1982 – Persona non grata
1983 - Ares e Bares de Fronteira
1988 - Em Lugares Incertos
1990 - Este Filme / Amélia Recruta
1990 - Julho, 13
1991 - Comédia Humana
1993 - Santa Loucura
1996 - 69 Stereo
1998 - Rock É! (dançando na noite)
2003 – Sou Benfica - As Canções da Águia
2003 - Harley Jack (CD, Am.Ra, 2003)
2003 - La Pop End Rock
2004 - Voltei a Porto Moniz (Am.Ra, 2004)
2004 - Podia Ser Natal (Am.Ra, 2004)
2005 - Há Rock no Cais
2009 - Eu Sou Benfica
2010 - Porquê?
2013 - A Minha Geração
Compilations
1996 - Cavalos de Corrida
1999 – Eternamente
2003 – À Beira do Tejo
2014 - 300 Canções
Members
Current members
António Manuel Ribeiro — Vocals, Guitars (1978–present)
António Côrte-Real — Guitars, Acoustic Guitar (1997–present)
Ivan Cristiano — Drums, Percussion, Backing Vocals (1999–present)
Luís 'Cebola' Simões — Bass, Acoustic Bass, Backing Vocals (2008, 2013–present)
Fernando Rodrigues — Bass, Backing Vocals (2000–2013), Keyboards, Backing Vocals (2015–present)
Past members
Guitars:
Renato Gomes — Guitars (1978–1986)
Rui Rodrigues — Guitars (1986–1990)
Toninho — Guitars (1990–1992)
Rui Dias — Guitars (1992–1994)
Rui Padinha — Guitars (1996–1997)
Bass:
Carlos Peres — Bass and Backing Vocals (1978–1983)
José Matos — Bass (1983–1984)
Fernando Deleare — Bass (1984–1986, 1987, 1993–1997)
Xana Sin — Bass and Backing Vocals (1987–1988)
Pedro Faro — Bass (1989–1990)
Nuno Espírito Santo — Bass (1991–1992)
Nuno Duarte — Bass (1997–1998)
David Rossi — Bass and Backing Vocals (1998–2000)
Fernando Rodrigues — Bass (2001–2013)
Nuno Oliveira — Bass and Backing Vocals (2008–2015)
Drums:
Américo Manuel — Drums (1978–1979)
Zé Carvalho — Drums (1979–1984)
Manuel Hippo — Drums (1984–1985)
Rui 'Beat' Velez — Drums (1986–1987)
Luís Espírito Santo — Drums (1987–1992, 1995–1997)
Fernando Pinho — Drums (1993–1995)
Marco Costa Cesário — Drums (1997–1999)
Keyboard and Saxophone:
Renato Júnior — Keyboard and Saxophone (1989–1995)
Jorge Manuel Costa — Keyboard and Saxophone (1996–2002)
Nuno Oliveira - Keyboard and Saxophone (2008–2015)
Timeline
References
External links
Official band site, in portuguese
Information about the band in 80's portuguese
Portuguese rock music groups
People from Almada |
Dipaenae ferruginosa is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae first described by Francis Walker in 1854. It is found in the Amazon region.
References
Lithosiini |
Osvaldo Lessa Filho (born 23 September 1966 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian football manager.
Temporarily while in charge of Persipura, he went back to his native Brazil for a coaching course.
Coaching career
Persipura Jayapura
He was given the Persipura Jayapura job in 2015 and replaced Jacksen F. Tiago as manager. He won the 2015 Indonesia Super League and the 2015 AFC Cup in order to stay as manager. Instead, he steered them to a second-place finish in the league and a round-of-16 exit in the AFC Cup. By January 2016, they had requested that he leave Persipura and in March the Brazilian felt some trepidation over a possible dismissal after tying with Arema Cronus and finishing bottom in Group B of the 2016 Bhayangkara Cup. On top of that, former footballer Nico Dimo advised the board to entrust the management to Mettu Dwaramury, Chris Leo Yarangga and Fernado Fairio instead as well. Finally, the tactician was relieved of his duties in the beginning of April 2016.
Madura United and Sriwijaya
Soon after, he joined Madura United, where he served as the physiotherapist and assistant manager. Eventually, he left them too in 2017.
In April 2017, the Rio de Janeiro native was handed the Sriwijaya F.C. coaching job as the club had shown interest in appointing him by March. He usually uses the 4-3-3 formation in games.
Recording three straight losses in a row in 2017, Lessa was chastised by the Sriwijaya board but was given an opportunity to redeem himself in the fifth round against Mitra Kukar which he won 3–1. Supposing they lost, the former physiotherapist could conceivably have been fired by the club's management prematurely.
On June 17, 2017, Lessa was ousted from his job by the club and Hartono Ruslan replaced him as caretaker coach.
References
External links
1966 births
Brazilian men's footballers
Living people
Sportspeople from Rio de Janeiro (city)
Men's association football players not categorized by position
Brazilian football managers
Expatriate football managers in Indonesia
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Indonesia
Persipura Jayapura managers
Sriwijaya F.C. managers
Liga 1 (Indonesia) managers |
Helen Kimble, née Rankin (1925 – 4 December 2019) was an Africanist and campaigner.
Life
Helen Rankin was born in Boxmoor, Hertfordshire, the daughter of Thomas Rankin, a Scottish doctor, and Kathleen McClelland. She was educated at Queenswood School. After Girton College, Cambridge, where she graduated in 1945 in economics and literature, she did postgraduate training in adult education at Oxford University, where she was supervised by Thomas Lionel Hodgkin. After a job as an editor at the Bureau of Current Affairs in London, she married the academic David Kimble. He was appointed director of extramural studies at the University College of the Gold Coast, and the couple left for Ghana in 1949.
The Kimbles worked together on several projects, particularly publications for African audiences. Helen edited a series of pamphlets on African current affairs, and co-edited the African series for Penguin Group. In 1963 she and David co-founded the Journal of Modern African Studies, co-editing it until 1972. She also taught economics at the University of Dar es Salaam.
Divorcing David in 1977, Helen moved to live in Oxford. She worked with the anti-apartheid movement, monitoring the 1994 South African general election, which brought Nelson Mandela to power. She also campaigned in support of the refugees imprisoned at Campsfield House.
She died aged 94 on 4 December 2019.
Works
(with David Kimble) Adult education in a changing Africa : a report on the Inter-African Seminar held in the Gold Coast from December 10 to 23, 1954. 1955.
Price control in Tanzania. 1968.
Effective membership of agricultural co-operatives : report on pilot study in Oxfordshire. 1977.
Desperately seeking asylum: the view from Oxford. 1998.
(ed.) Migrant labour and colonial rule in Basutoland, 1890-1930 by Judith M. Kimble. 1999.
References
1925 births
2019 deaths
British Africanists
British human rights activists
Women human rights activists
Immigrant rights activists
Alumni of Girton College, Cambridge
People educated at Queenswood School
People from Hemel Hempstead |
Small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 48 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SNORD48 gene.
References |
The Edwin Irby Hatch Nuclear Power Plant is near Baxley, Georgia, in the southeastern United States, on a 2,244-acre (9 km²) site. It has two General Electric boiling water reactors with a total capacity of 1,848 megawatts. Previously, the reactors had a combined capacity listing of 1,759 MW. Unit 1 went online in 1974 and was followed by Unit 2 in 1978.
The plant was named for Edwin I. Hatch, president of Georgia Power from 1963 to 1975, and chairman from 1975 to 1978.
In 2002, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) extended the operating licenses for both reactors for an additional twenty years.
Ownership
The Hatch plant is operated by Southern Nuclear Operating Company, a subsidiary of Southern Company. Hatch's owners are:
Georgia Power (50.1%) (also a Southern Company subsidiary)
Oglethorpe Power Corporation (30%)
Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia (17.7%)
Dalton Water & Light Sinking Fund Commission (2.2%)
Electricity Production
Surrounding population
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission defines two emergency planning zones around nuclear power plants: a plume exposure pathway zone with a radius of , concerned primarily with exposure to, and inhalation of, airborne radioactive contamination, and an ingestion pathway zone of about , concerned primarily with ingestion of food and liquid contaminated by radioactivity.
The 2010 U.S. population within of Hatch was 11,061, an increase of 6.7 percent in a decade, according to an analysis of U.S. Census data for msnbc.com. The 2010 U.S. population within was 424,741, an increase of 12.0 percent since 2000. Cities within 50 miles include Vidalia (19 miles to city center).
Onsite storage of spent nuclear fuel
Spent nuclear fuel is stored on-site in concrete casks. The Hatch Plant, a BWR, near Baxley GA is estimated by DOE, as of this year, to have generated 1,446 metric tons of spent fuel.
Seismic risk
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission's estimate of the risk each year of an earthquake intense enough to cause core damage to the reactor at Hatch was 1 in 454,545, according to an NRC study published in August 2010.
References
Energy infrastructure completed in 1974
Energy infrastructure completed in 1978
Buildings and structures in Appling County, Georgia
Southern Company
Georgia Power
Nuclear power plants in Georgia (U.S. state)
1974 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Oglethorpe Power |
Battle for Terra, originally screened as Terra, is a 2007 American computer-animated action-adventure science fiction film, based on the short film Terra, about a race of beings on a peaceful alien planet who face destruction from colonization by the displaced remainder of the human race. The film was directed by Aristomenis Tsirbas who conceived it as a hard-edged live action feature with photo-real Computer-Generated Imagery (CGI) environments. The close collaboration with producing partner and investor Snoot Entertainment redirected the project to become fully animated and appeal to younger audiences. The film features the voices of Evan Rachel Wood, Luke Wilson, Brian Cox and James Garner (In his last major film role before his death) among others.
It premiered on September 8, 2007 at the Toronto International Film Festival. It was widely released in the United States on May 1, 2009. The film was originally shot in 2D but was made in such a way that a second camera could be added to the film. After the film was shown at festivals and distributors showed an interest in it, a small team was hired to render the entire film again from the perspective of the second camera for a true 3D effect. It won the Grand Prize for Best Animated Feature at the 2008 Ottawa International Animation Festival.
Plot
Mala and her friend Senn are young creatures of an alien race that inhabits Terra, a peaceful, near Earth-like planet that is part of a star system in the Milky Way galaxy and has a rich and advanced culture.
One day, a large, mysterious object partially blocks the Terrian sun, piquing the Terrians' interest. Mala, who is inventive and headstrong, goes against the Terrian rules that ban the development of new technologies without the approval of the ruling council and creates a telescope. She takes it outside the city and uses it to view the object. Recon ships emerge from the large object, come down to the city and start abducting Terrians. Some willingly offer themselves to the spaceships mistaking them as their new "gods".
After Mala's father, Roven, is abducted, she lures a ship into a trap, causing it to crash. She saves the pilot, a human named Lieutenant James "Jim" Stanton. After his personal robot assistant, Giddy, warns Mala that Jim will die without oxygen, absent on the planet, she scavenges suitable plants and creates a tent in which Jim can breathe. In exchange, Giddy teaches her human language. Jim awakes and finds out his ship is damaged beyond repair. Giddy tells Mala why the humans have come: centuries beforehand, both Mars and Venus were terraformed and colonized by humans for their natural resources. 200 years later, the planets demanded independence from Earth, to no avail. This dispute escalated into a violent interplanetary war that rendered all three planets uninhabitable. The mysterious object in the sky is The Ark, a generation ship containing the remnants of the human race, traveling for several generations in search for a new home. They arrived at Terra, and gave it its name. Mala agrees to fix Jim's ship, so she can go with him to save Roven. When Mala, Jim, and Giddy return to the crash site, they discover the ship has been moved.
The trio tracks the ship to a secret underground military facility where the elders and Doron, the leader of the council, secretly retain the military technology from prior conflicts. After infiltrating the facility and fixing the ship, they fly to the Ark. In it, the commander of the human army, General Hemmer, takes over the Ark in a coup, and declares war on Terra. Mala finds Roven, but gets detected. A fight with the guards starts, in which she gets captured and Roven, while trying to keep the humans away from him with a laser, unintentionally causes a decompression that kills him and the men. Hemmer tells Jim his goal is to turn Terra into a new Earth. He will drop the Terraformer, a huge machine capable of creating an Earth-like atmosphere onto the planet's surface, annihilating the Terrians in the process. To test his loyalty, Hemmer creates a scenario in which Jim has to choose between killing Mala or his younger brother Stewart. Jim saves Stewart, while discreetly ordering Giddy to rescue Mala by breaking the glass. Hemmer orders Jim to join the space-fighters in charge of defending the Terraformer, while he personally supervises the mission within the machine.
Doron and the Terrian elders allow Terrians to defend their planet with their stockpile of military tech, but are hopelessly outnumbered with an unexpectedly large amount of opposing fighters. The humans drop the Terraformer onto the surface and it begins to poison the planet with oxygen. As the machine is close to completing its objective, Jim finds Mala fighting Stewart, and realized the immoral decision in killing the Terrians. He destroys the Terraformer with missiles, killing a betrayed Hemmer, while enduring flak fire. The ensuing explosion kills Jim as it consumes his damaged fighter. Mala, Giddy and Stewart steer away from the fireball and barely survive the fight. The Terraformer's scorched skeleton collapses, leaving only one leg standing in its wake.
After the Terraformer's destruction and Jim and Hemmer's death, humans and Terrians agree to live in peace. Having abandoned the Ark, they establish a colony on the planet, where a statue of Jim is erected in honor of his heroic actions.
Cast
Evan Rachel Wood as Mala, a curious Terrian who take cares of her father Roven
Luke Wilson as Lieutenant James "Jim" Stanton, a human military pilot who joins forces with Mala
Brian Cox as General Hemmer, leader of the military wing of the Ark
James Garner as Doron, leader of the Terrians
David Cross as Giddy, Jim's robot assistant
Chris Evans as Stewart Stanton, Jim Stanton's younger brother
Dennis Quaid as Roven, Mala's handicapped father
Justin Long as Senn, Mala's boyfriend
Danny Glover as President Chen, the human leader in the Ark
Amanda Peet as Maria Montez, one of the human Board Council members of the Ark
Mark Hamill as Elder Orin
Tiffany Brevard as Singer Soloist
Danny Trejo as Elder Berum
Phil LaMarr as Fabric Merchant
Laraine Newman as Toy Merchant
Ron Perlman as Elder Vorin
Release
Roadside Attractions handled theatrical marketing in North America and used its business relationship with Lionsgate to open the film wide in the United States. Battle for Terra received uncharacteristically little marketing for a wide release film. The television campaign consisted of a small number of television spots on Cartoon Network and a handful of network television ads in select markets. Awareness for the film on its opening weekend was subsequently little to non-existent. This strategy of having a disproportionately small advertising campaign for a wide release was employed only one other time a year earlier with the film Delgo. The results for that film were disastrous as the $40 million Delgo grossed a mere $694,782 on 2,160 screens. The lower costing Battle for Terra fared considerably better by taking in more than twice as much revenue ($1,647,083) on roughly half as many screens (1,159) and continued on to gross $6 million internationally. Battle For Terra opened May 1 in the United States against 2 other wide releases: X-Men Origins: Wolverine (4,099 screens) and Ghosts of Girlfriends Past (3,175).
Home media
Battle for Terra was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on September 22, 2009 by Lionsgate Home Entertainment. Battle for Terra was released in France in French and English version by Rézo Films on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on October 20, 2010 and include a 3D version of the movie with 4 3D glasses. A Region B Blu-ray 3D was released in Germany.
Reception
The film has received mixed reviews from critics. Based on 94 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an average rating of 5.52/10, and a score of 49% from critics, saying that "Despite its earnest aspirations to be a thought-provoking sci-fi alternative, Battle for Terra lacks both a cohesive story and polished visuals, and fails to resonate." Another review aggregator, Metacritic, gives the film an average score of 54% based on 19 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".
The film opened at #12 in the United States, grossing $1,082,064 in 1,159 theaters with an average of $934 per theater. The film's international box office began May 14, 2009 in Russia with a 5th place opening of $332,634 at 83 screens. Battle for Terra's current worldwide total is $6,101,046.
Accolades
Annecy International Animated Film Festival 2009
Giffoni Film Festival 2008
Heartland Film Festival 2008
Ottawa International Animation Festival 2008
References
External links
2007 films
2007 computer-animated films
2000s adventure films
2007 science fiction films
2007 3D films
3D animated films
American space adventure films
Lionsgate animated films
Films set in the future
Films set on fictional planets
Lionsgate films
Films about extraterrestrial life
Fiction portraying humans as aliens
Generation ships in fiction
2000s American animated films
American animated science fiction films
Features based on short films
Roadside Attractions films
Films with screenplays by Evan Spiliotopoulos
Films produced by Keith Calder
Colonialism in popular culture
2000s English-language films |
Roland Reber (11 August 1954 – 11 September 2022) was a German director, author and producer.
Biography
After finishing his studies at the Schauspielschule Bochum, Germany, in the 1970s, Reber worked as actor, writer and director at many German and international theatres such as Bochum, Essen, Zürich, Düsseldorf, Hamburg, Kingston, Jamaica, Moscow etc. He has written more than 20 theatre plays and scripts as well as texts and poems.
In 1981 he founded the Theatre Institute and worked as a director, author and actor. He was Head of the World Theatre Project (in the framework of the Decade for Cultural Development of the UNESCO and UN) which he founded in 1989 and worked as director and writer in Cairo, Mexico and the Caribbean. He was teacher of acting and directing among others in Moscow and the Caribbean.
For wtp international he worked as director, writer and producer. All his films have been shown in various international Film Festivals and have been distributed theatrically and on DVD.
From 2003 until 2007 Reber was the official representative of the CIFF Cairo International Film Festival (A-Festival) for the German speaking countries and the official representative for Europe of the Damascus International Film Festival. He was member of the jury at the Fantasporto International Film Festival 2008 in Portugal, at the Festival Internacional de cinema de Catalunya 2007 in Spain, at the Alexandria International Film Festival in Egypt 2003, the Dhaka International Film Festival in Bangladesh 2004 and at the 13th Cairo International Film Festival for Children 2003.
Three of his films were shown in a "Roland Reber Films" section at the Kolkata International Film Festival in November 2003.
In November 2009 six of his feature films have been shown as a Roland Reber Tribute at the renowned 40th International Film Festival of India in Goa, India.
Distinction/Awards
1976 Schweizer Kulturpreis
1991 and 1993 Cultural prize of the Caribbean Season of Excellence
2000 President's Award, Ajijic International Film Festival, Mexico
2001 Emerging Filmmaker Award, Hollywood Angel City Film Festival, Los Angeles
2001 Jury Choice for Foreign Film, AngelCity Film Festival, Chicago
2001 Best Film, Third Panorama of International Film in Thessaloniki, Greece
Since 1996 in the German Who's Who
Filmography
2011 The truth of lie (psychodrama)
2009 Angels with dirty wings (erotic-drama)
2007 My Dream or Loneliness never walks alone (dramedy)
2005 24/7 The Passion of Life (erotic-drama)
2004 The Dark Side of our inner Space (tragedy)
2003 Pentamagica (comedy)
2002 Are girls werewolves...? (short)
2001 Das Zimmer (psycho-thriller)
2000 Compulsion (short)
1999 The Bag (short)
1998 Manuel (short)
1998 On Television (short)
1979 Ihr habt meine Seele gebogen wie einen schoenen Taenzer (drama)
Press comments
Roland Reber: An Institution in directing. To say that Roland Reber is an exceptional director would be describing him half-heartedly. For the man is himself a lesson to the entire fraternity of world cinema (Hindustan Times, 14 November 2003)
Unique in the landscape of German cinema. The German cinema-buddha:Roland Reber. (Sueddeutsche Zeitung, Feuilleton, 2009)
Masterpiece! (Deadline (magazine))
Filming against the current (Chilli Magazin, April 2008)
External links
Interview
Roland Reber at wtp international
References
1954 births
2022 deaths
People from Ludwigshafen
Film people from Rhineland-Palatinate
German male stage actors |
Princess Daisy is a 1983 American television miniseries directed by Waris Hussein, based on the 1980 novel of the same name by Judith Krantz.
Plot
Princess Daisy tells the story of a young girl who is sent to England to live with her father, Prince Valensky, after her mother's death in a car crash. Unfortunately, Daisy is immediately separated from her twin sister Dani, who is a special needs child not accepted by their father. When Daisy turns 16, their father dies in a plane accident. The girl is forced to take care of her life herself, especially when her half-brother starts seeing in her more than just a sister.
Cast
Merete Van Kamp .... Daisy & Dani Valensky
Lindsay Wagner .... Francesca Valensky
Stacy Keach .... Prince Alexander "Stash" Valensky
Claudia Cardinale .... Anabelle de Fourdemont Valensky
Robert Urich .... Patrick Shannon
Paul Michael Glaser .... Fred North
Rupert Everett .... Ram Valensky
Ringo Starr .... Robin Valerian
Barbara Bach .... Vanessa Valerian
Nicolas Coster .... Matty Firestone
Rachel & Melissa Dennis .... young Daisy & Dani
Alexa Kenin .... Kiki Kavanaugh
Critical reception
Richard Corliss wrote of the miniseries, "Not even trash can guarantee the happy ending, and, alas, it happened to Jane Doe: Princess Daisy proved a small screen bust." However, The Guardian was more positive; while it criticized the acting, it concluded, "Despite all that, Princess Daisy is much better quality kitsch than Lace. It has all the same, essential mini-series requirements: vulgar opulence, beautiful people, international locations, the lot. But it also has a strong, closely packed story line, with the kind of fairy tale elements—the mirror image twin, the evil step-relation—that can remind you of childhood frissons; and it has characters in place of those perambulating coat hangers we had last week. And if we customers don't take the trouble to distinguish between good and bad rubbish, you know exactly what kind we will get in future."
References
External links
1983 television films
1983 films
1980s American television miniseries
Films directed by Waris Hussein
Films scored by Lalo Schifrin
NBC network original films
Adaptations of works by Judith Krantz |
Search for Paradise is a 1957 American documentary film shot in Cinerama. It was directed by Otto Lang and produced by Lowell Thomas with distribution by Cinerama Releasing Corp.
Background
In October and November 1956, a Cinerama motion picture Search for Paradise, directed by Otto Lang, and produced by Lowell Thomas, was filmed in part at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, under the working title of Search for Shangri-La. The film "tells the story of a veteran officer, who wants 'out' but finds, after searching the world for a 'Shangrila,' [sic] that the U. S. Air Force is 'it.'"
"Some of the action-packed events captured at Eglin include F-100 'Super Sabres' breaking the sound barrier, in-flight refueling of B-47 'Stratojet' medium bombers, landings and mass fly-bys of the latest operational U. S. Air Force aircraft. Hollywood stunt flyer and combat veteran Paul Mantz, was contracted by Stanley Warner to fly his specially built B-25 in filming a number of aerial sequences . The Cinerama camera can be placed in the nose or tail gunnery slot of the World War II aircraft to film the panorama called for in this latest 'wide-curved' screen production." Release by Stanley Warner, Inc., it was expected in the spring of 1957, according to a news article in The Okaloosa News-Journal, Crestview, Florida, in November 1956.
See also
List of American films of 1957
References
External links
1957 films
1957 documentary films
1950s English-language films
1950s American films
English-language documentary films |
Life is a memoir by the Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards, written with the assistance of journalist James Fox. Published in October 2010, in hardback, audio and e-book formats, the book chronicles Richards' love of music, charting influences from his mother and maternal grandfather, through his discovery of blues music, the founding of the Rolling Stones, his often turbulent relationship with Mick Jagger, his involvement with drugs, and his relationships with women including Anita Pallenberg and his wife Patti Hansen. Richards also released Vintage Vinos, a compilation of his work with the X-Pensive Winos, at the same time.
It has been reported that publisher Little, Brown and Company paid an advance of $7.3 million, after seeing a ten-page extract. Co-writer James Fox interviewed Richards and his associates over a period of five years to produce the book. Life was generally well received by critics and topped The New York Times non-fiction list in the first week of release.
Synopsis
Life is a memoir covering Keith Richards's life, starting with his childhood in Dartford, Kent, through to his success with the Rolling Stones and his current life in Connecticut. His interest in music was triggered by his mother, Doris, who played records by Sarah Vaughan, Billy Eckstine and Louis Armstrong, and his maternal grandfather, Augustus Theodore Dupree, a former big band player, who encouraged him to take up the guitar. In his teens he met up with Mick Jagger, who he had known in primary school, and discovered that they both shared a love of blues music. In the early 1960s Richards moved into a London flat, shared with Jagger and Brian Jones. Together with Bill Wyman, Ian Stewart and Charlie Watts, the Rolling Stones were founded in 1962, playing gigs at Ealing Jazz Club and the Crawdaddy Club.
The book chronicles Richards's career with the Stones since 1962, following their rise from playing small club gigs to stadium concerts, Richards's drug habits, his arrests and convictions. His relationships with a number of women, including Anita Pallenberg, Marianne Faithfull, Ronnie Spector and Patti Hansen, whom he married in 1983, are covered in detail. The often difficult partnership between Richards and Jagger is referred to throughout the work and coverage of this has caused much media interest.
Throughout the work, much attention is given to Richards' love of music, his style of playing and chord construction. His non-Stones projects, such as the X-Pensive Winos and recording with the Wingless Angels in Jamaica, as well as collaborations with Chuck Berry and Gram Parsons amongst others are covered in some detail.
Production
James Fox, journalist and author of the non-fiction book White Mischief: The Murder of Lord Erroll, was credited, along with Keith Richards, as co-author. He had previously interviewed Richards in 1973 and the pair had been friends since then. Reportedly, $7.3 million was paid for the work in 2007, "on the basis of a 10-page excerpt". Fox spent "hundreds of hours" with Richards at his Caribbean home, and also in the United Kingdom, to gather material for the book. Cover Photographed by David LaChapelle. He interviewed Richards at length and also talked to many associates. Fox said of Richards, "I'd have to catch him like a salmon." The interviews were conducted seated at a table, but the two were not opposite each other. Richards always played music, so Fox provided him with a lapel microphone. The subject matter was not handled chronologically; Fox allowed his subject to mentally "dart about". "Some sessions lasted hours and some, dealing with the more painful parts of Richards' life, lasted just minutes." The project took five years to complete.
"Once the manuscript was complete, he [Fox] sat opposite Richards and read the entire book aloud to him ... He turned out to be a really natural editor. He cut according to the sound of it." Rebecca Dana of The Daily Beast said of Life that it "covers all the bases: sex, drugs, guitar riffs, the size of Mick Jagger’s endowment. It also digs down into softer spots, including Richards’ tumultuous relationship with Anita Pallenberg and the death of their son. The book, which already seems to have earned a place in the admittedly small canon of genuinely great rock lit, is dishy but not lurid, technical but not wonky. Richards’ voice, filtered through Fox’s brain, is so relentlessly endearing, no less a critic than Maureen Dowd has declared the prince of darkness a "consummate gentleman." Time's Richard Corliss writes "Confessional autobiographies, unless they're by William Boroughs, tend to have inspirational endings: salvation through strong will or a good woman. Life has both."
Publication
Life was published by Weidenfeld & Nicolson in the United Kingdom and by Little, Brown and Company in the United States on 26 October 2010. It debuted, and spent two weeks, at the top position on The New York Times hard-back non-fiction best-sellers' list. It spent six weeks on the USA Today'''s best sellers' list, peaking at the third position.
A 22.5-hour audio book version, read by Richards, Johnny Depp and musician Joe Hurley, was also published. The book is available as a digital download and has also been published in e-book format. A paperback version was published in May 2011.
Coinciding with the publication of Life, Richards released Vintage Vinos, a compilation album featuring tracks from three albums by his band, the X-Pensive Winos, as well as some previously unreleased material. The BBC television arts programme The Culture Show broadcast a special on 28 October 2010, consisting of a 60-minute interview with Keith Richards, conducted by Andrew Graham-Dixon. The programme covered "his childhood in Dartford, his passion for music and the decade that catapulted the Rolling Stones from back-room blues boys to one of the greatest rock 'n' roll bands in the world". It included contributions from co-writer James Fox, Dick Taylor, former Stones PA Georgia Bergman and Bobby Keys and covered the same territory as the book. The programme was repeated on 12 November 2010.
Reception
The book was generally well received by critics, with several commenting on the honesty of the work. Charles Spencer of The Daily Telegraph wrote, "Life offers much more than vicarious thrills. It captures the true spirit of rock and roll, the nitty-gritty of life on the road, and just what it feels like to be a heroin addict who doesn't know where his next fix is coming from. It also movingly captures Richards' extraordinary love of music—an even more powerful addiction for him than smack—and perhaps more surprisingly, his manifest destiny as a human being." Jim Fusilli of the Wall Street Journal said that "Mr. Richards writes with disarming introspection about his childhood, family and fame. And it's quite likely that no rock musician has ever written so keenly about the joys of making music. With a warm sense of humor and willingness to share his grief, Mr. Richards in "Life" defies almost every public perception about him." In The Independent, John Walsh commented, "He tells it with complete, reckless, disclosure. Sometimes it sounds like a man ranting into a tape machine; sometimes, in the tidier and more reflective sections, you can detect the hand of his co-writer, James (White Mischief) Fox. But the watchwords of this book are honesty, confessionalism, telling it straight."The New Yorker said of Life, "Half book, half brand extension, it's an entertaining, rambling monologue, a slurry romp through the life of a man who knew every pleasure, denied himself nothing, and never paid the price." The New York Times said, "Mr. Richards, now 66, writes with uncommon candor and immediacy. He's decided that he's going to tell it as he remembers it, and helped along with notebooks, letters and a diary he once kept, he remembers almost everything."
The popular press focused on the relationship between Jagger and Richards. Tom Bryant in The Daily Mirror wrote, "Keith says his songwriting partner 'started to become unbearable' in the early 80s, adding: 'I think Mick thinks I belong to him but I haven't been to his dressing room in 20 years.'"
Awards
The audiobook Life won two prestigious Audie Awards for 2010—Audiobook of the Year and Best Biography/Memoir. Additionally, the audiobook Life was voted Amazon's No. 1 Audiobook of the Year for 2010. Life'' received the 2011 Norman Mailer Prize for biography.
References
Sources
External links
New York Times interview with Keith Richards
Rolling Stone interview with Keith Richards
Joe Hurley's website (one of the narrators in the audiobook version)
2010 non-fiction books
British memoirs
Music autobiographies
English-language books
Keith Richards
Weidenfeld & Nicolson books
Little, Brown and Company books
Collaborative memoirs |
Wet Wet Wet are a Scottish soft rock band formed in 1982. They scored a number of hits in the UK charts and around the world in the 1980s and 1990s. They are best known for their 1994 cover of The Troggs' 1960s hit "Love Is All Around", which was used on the soundtrack to the film Four Weddings and a Funeral. The song was an international success, and spent 15 weeks atop the British charts. The band is currently composed of founding member Graeme Clark (bass, vocals) and lead vocalist Kevin Simm, who replaced founding member Marti Pellow in 2018 after he left during the previous year. Graeme Duffin (lead guitar, vocals) has also been with the band as a touring musician since 1983. The band were named Best British Newcomer at the 1988 Brit Awards.
History
Formation and early years: 1982–1987
The quartet formed at Clydebank High School in Clydebank, Scotland, in 1982, under the name "Vortex Motion", mostly playing covers of The Clash and Magazine. "It was either crime, the dole, football, or music — and we chose music," said Tommy Cunningham. The original line-up consisted of: Neil Mitchell (keyboards), Tommy Cunningham (drums), Graeme Clark (bass), Mark McLachlan (a.k.a. Marti Pellow) (vocals) and Lindsey McCauley (guitar).
Clark and Cunningham met on the school bus and became close friends. Mutual friend Neil Mitchell, prompted by his pals' positive attitude, promised to supply keyboards when he could scrape together enough money from his paper round. To complete the quartet, Clark approached Mark McLachlan, who at the time was training to be a painter and decorator. He said, "At break we all went behind the kitchen for a fly smoke, and there in the corner was this quiet kid who said very little, but when he sang, everyone listened." It was sometime in 1983 that Graeme Duffin joined Wet Wet Wet, after the departure of co-founder Lindsey McCauley. Duffin had previously been in a Glasgow-based band called New Celeste and recorded two albums with them High Sands and the Liquid Lake (1977) in Holland (with sleeve notes by Billy Connolly) on the Universe label and On the Line (1979) in Berlin on the Hansa Records label. The band combined folk, rock and jazz players.
With the line-up complete, rehearsals took place in Mrs. Clark's kitchen. They rehearsed for about two years, working on song producing and writing skills. They eventually made their live debut at Glasgow's Nightmoves venue. At this gig they met Elliot Davis, who would become the band's manager. The band name Wet Wet Wet was chosen from a line in the 1982 Scritti Politti song "Gettin' Havin' & Holdin'" ("it's tired of joking... wet, wet with tears"), and McLachlan changed his name to stage name "Marti Pellow". Their first professional gig was a New Year's Eve show at Glasgow's Barrowlands.
David Bates signed the band to PolyGram in 1985. One of the first demo songs they did was "Wishing I Was Lucky". When the band took the demo to Bates in late 1986, he discarded it as a poor effort. The band decided at this point that they could no longer work with him. Six months later, the band and their new A&R Manager, Nick Angel, released the single, and it reached number six in the UK singles chart. "I was in a queue in a fish and chip shop in Glasgow when it came on Radio Clyde," Cunningham remembers. "I felt like shouting to everybody, 'That's me and my mates!' It was an incredible feeling I've not forgotten." The parent album, Popped In Souled Out, also became a hit and produced three more hit singles, namely "Sweet Little Mystery", "Temptation", and "Angel Eyes". They supported Lionel Richie on his UK tour.
Commercial success: 1988–1996
In 1988, Wet Wet Wet scored their first Number 1 hit with a cover version of the Beatles' "With a Little Help from My Friends", recorded for the charity ChildLine. Another Beatles song, "She's Leaving Home", was equally-billed on the flip side, performed by Billy Bragg. In the same year, an album - entitled The Memphis Sessions - was released from their spell in the United States prior to hitting the big time. It was produced and mixed by Willie Mitchell. It was recorded at his Royal Studios in Memphis, Tennessee.
The following year the band released their third album, Holding Back the River, which was also a success and produced the hit single "Sweet Surrender". The album was well-received, relying more on strings and other classical arrangements. At the end of 1989, the band appeared on the Band Aid II charity single.
In 1992, the band released a fourth studio album, entitled High on the Happy Side, which spawned the Number 1 hit single "Goodnight Girl" – the only self-penned chart-topping single they have had to date. The song proved something of a saviour, as the previous two single releases from the album had failed in the singles charts, although the album reached the top of the UK Albums Chart. In total, five singles were released from it. The following day saw the release of a special-edition album, Cloak & Dagger, released under the alias "Maggie Pie & The Impostors". "Maggie Pie" was Marti Pellow, and the "impostors" were (on album cover, clockwise from top left) Neil Mitchell, Graeme Duffin, Tommy Cunningham, and Graeme Clark.
The band's first greatest-hits package, End of Part One, was released towards the end of 1993. The eighteen-song selection included "Shed a Tear" and "Cold Cold Heart", which were recorded with Nile Rodgers in New York City especially for the album and released as singles.
In 1994, Wet Wet Wet had their biggest hit, a cover version of The Troggs' single "Love Is All Around", which was used on the soundtrack to the film Four Weddings and a Funeral. It was a huge international success and spent 15 weeks atop the British charts. The week before it could have equalled the record for the longest-standing number-one single, held by Bryan Adams' "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You", Pellow insisted on its deletion because he wanted to focus on getting their next album, Picture This, finished. However, even after its deletion, there were still enough copies in the shops to get the song to number 2 in its 16th week, finally knocked off the top spot by Whigfield's debut single "Saturday Night". In any event, it remained in the Top 40 for the remainder of the year. In the official UK best-selling singles list issued in 2002 (the 50th anniversary of the chart), it was placed 12th. "Love Is All Around" also featured on the 1995 album Picture This, their sixth, which also spawned the hit single "Julia Says" and "Don't Want to Forgive Me Now". The album, although well received by critics, would ultimately live in the shadow of "Love Is All Around".
In 1995, they became the shirt sponsors of their hometown football club, Clydebank F.C.
Subsequent releases and break-up activities: 1997–2003
During the rest of the 1990s the band maintained a strong UK following, although success in the singles charts became more sporadic. Their seventh studio album, 1997's Ten, celebrated the group's decade at the top.
After the tour in support of 10, things turned sour over a dispute about royalty-sharing. Revenue from the group's songwriting had been a four-way equal split. Cunningham turned up for a routine band meeting, only to discover that the other three members wanted to revise the policy, paying him a lesser amount. Cunningham instantly resigned from the group saying that the band had run its course and that the band was no longer a healthy place to be.
In 1999 Pellow also left the band, to focus on getting himself healthy again after succumbing to a debilitating alcohol and drug addiction. Pellow succeeded in kicking his habits, and returned to the public eye in 2001 with his debut solo album, Smile.
Reformation: 2004–present
In March 2004, the band cautiously reformed in order to work on an eighth album. A single entitled "All I Want" was released in November 2004 from the band's second Greatest Hits, released a week later. They undertook a successful tour of the UK the following month.
In July 2005, Wet Wet Wet played at the Summer Weekender festival in England, and were one of the headline acts at Live 8 Edinburgh in Scotland. On 31 December 2006, Wet Wet Wet were the headline act for Aberdeen's Hogmanay celebrations when the celebrations in all other Scottish cities was held off because of strong winds and heavy rain. They performed thirteen songs in an hour-long set.
A single, "Too Many People", was released on 5 November 2007, and its parent album, Timeless, on 12 November. These preceded a sold-out December tour, a taste of which was given at their Newmarket concert in August. In preparation for the tour, the band also announced that they will be playing two intimate dates at zavvi stores in Glasgow and London in November. "Weightless", the second single from the album, was released on 4 February and charted at Number 10, giving them their first top-ten hit in eleven years.
In March 2012, it was announced that the band would perform its first concert in over five years, at Glasgow Green on 20 July, to celebrate their 25th anniversary of the release of their debut album, Popped In, Souled Out.
In May 2013, UK music promoter Stuart Galbraith of Kilimanjaro Live confirmed a ten date UK tour for Wet Wet Wet commencing in December 2013.
On 8 October 2013, Wet Wet Wet announced via their Twitter page that they would be releasing a new Greatest Hits album, Step by Step: The Greatest Hits, on 25 November 2013. The album features three new tracks as well as songs from their back catalogue.
On 28 July 2017, it was announced that Pellow had quit Wet Wet Wet to focus on his solo career.
On 25 September 2018, the band announced that Kevin Simm (formerly of Liberty X) was their new singer. Simm started singing with the band at two shows: St Lukes in Calton, Glasgow, and 229 The Venue in London in November 2018. Following on from their sold-out shows, they announced a nationwide 18-date tour, starting in April 2019.
In November 2020, the band announced the 2021 release of new album The Journey, their first studio album since 2007 and the first including vocals from former The Voice UK winner Kevin Simm, who also re-recorded the vocals on a number of their hits for the bonus CD (which comes with the 2CD/DVD version of album).
In May 2022, drummer Tommy Cunningham announced that he quit the band due to his hearing problem, and keyboard player Neil Mitchell also left the band.
In May 2023 it was announced the band would unite with Go West for a co-headline UK tour called the "Best of Both Worlds" starting in January 2024.
Awards and nominations
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" | Award
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Nominee(s)
! scope="col" | Category
! scope="col" | Result
! scope="col" class="unsortable"|
|-
!scope="row" rowspan=4|Brit Awards
| 1988
| rowspan=2|Themselves
| British Breakthrough Act
|
|
|-
| 1989
| British Group
|
|
|-
| 1993
| "Goodnight Girl"
| rowspan=2|British Single of the Year
|
|
|-
| 1995
| "Love Is All Around"
|
|
|-
!scope="row"|Ivor Novello Awards
| 1993
| "Goodnight Girl"
| The Best Selling Song
|
|
Discography
Popped In Souled Out (1987)
The Memphis Sessions (1988)
Holding Back the River (1989)
High on the Happy Side (1992)
Cloak & Dagger (1992)
Picture This (1995)
10 (1997)
Timeless (2007)
The Journey (2021)
References
External links
Musical groups established in 1982
Scottish pop music groups
British soul musical groups
Scottish musical trios
British soft rock music groups
1982 establishments in Scotland
Brit Award winners
Uni Records artists
London Records artists
Phonogram Inc. artists
Mercury Records artists
People from Clydebank
Sophisti-pop musical groups |
Diluvia is the second studio album by the American indie pop group Freelance Whales. The album was released on October 9, 2012, via Mom + Pop Music.
Track listing
All songs by Freelance Whales.
Personnel
Freelance Whales
Judah Dadone – lead vocals, banjo, guitar, synthesizer, piano, organ, bass
Chuck Criss – banjo, bass, guitar, glockenspiel, harmonium, piano, organ, synthesizer, harmonies
Kevin Read – guitar, piano, organ, synthesizer, glockenspiel, banjo, mandolin, harmonies
Doris Cellar – bass, harmonium, glockenspiel, synthesizer, harmonies, lead vocal on "Spitting Image"
Jacob Hyman – drums, percussion, harmonies
References
2012 albums
Freelance Whales albums
Mom + Pop Music albums
Frenchkiss Records albums |
Megan Cope (born 1982) is an Australian Aboriginal artist from the Quandamooka people of Stradbroke Island/Minjerribah. She is known for her sculptural installations, video art and paintings, in which she explores themes such as identity and colonialism. Cope is a member of the contemporary Indigenous art collective ProppaNOW in Brisbane, but lives and works in Melbourne.
Early life and education
Cope was born in Brisbane in 1982, of Quandamooka heritage. She earned a Bachelor of Visual Arts (Visual Communication), at Deakin University in Victoria in 2006.
Career
Cope has managed and curated many artist-run projects and events, including tinygold and the BARI (Brisbane Artist Run Initiative) Festival. Cope is also a member of the Brisbane-based contemporary Indigenous art collective ProppaNOW.
Cope creates video, installation, sculptures, and paintings which challenge notions of Aboriginality, and her work examines the Australian narrative and our sense of time and ownership in a settler colonial state. A main focus of Cope's artwork is to shed light on colonialism and the myths and facts that come along with it.
Her work has been exhibited in the National Gallery of Australia, the Art Gallery of Western Australia, the Melbourne Museum, as well as many other public and private collections throughout Australia.
In 2016–2017, Cope's work was exhibited along with that of Vincent Namatjira in the Tarnanthi Festival of Contemporary Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Art at the Art Gallery of South Australia.
In 2017, the Australian War Memorial commissioned Cope as official war artist (the first female Aboriginal woman in the role), to travel to the Middle East to accompany various Australian Defence Force units, in order to record and interpret topics relating to Australia’s contribution to the international effort in the region. A series of works entitled Flight or fight was mounted on North Stradbroke Island blue gum.
In the 2020 Adelaide Biennial of Australian Art, titled Monster Theatres, Cope created an installation made of rocks, rusted steel drums, wire and huge drill bits that functions as an instrument designed to be played by musicians using modified bows and which mimics the sound of the bush stone-curlew, a native bird which is thriving on Minjerribah (now North Stradbroke Island), but endangered in New South Wales and Victoria.
Cope lives and works in Melbourne.
Projects
Video
The Blaktism looks at culture and identity as well as racism.
Nimbulima Ngolongmai
Boykambil
Yugambeh
Exhibitions
2020 Adelaide Biennial of Australian Art: Monster Theatres, Art Gallery of South Australia and Adelaide Botanic Garden (29 February - 8 June 2020)
Water, Gallery of Modern Art, Brisbane (7 December - 26 April 2020)
My country, I still call Australia Home: Contemporary Art from Black Australia, Gallery of Modern Art, Brisbane (1 June - 7 October 2013)
Curator for Art with Attitude at the Airport Village in Australia in 2012.
Curator of Nine Wives Exhibition in 2011.
Curated for the BARI Festival in King George Square in 2010.
Desperate Spaces was a fundraising event curated by Cope in Brisbane.
Sculptures
Cope's most well-known art project is the glow-in-the-dark ground installations at Charlish Park in Redcliffe, Queensland. This ceramic installation is present in the pathway and shows mapping techniques of historical events, glowing in the dark at night.
The Tide is High is a project that represents the loss of geography in Australia due to colonialism. It was created in 2013 and hgihglights ideas of colonialism such as erasure of indigenous culture, jobs, and land.
Fluid Terrain (2013) is an installation exhibited at the Queensland Art Gallery, which connects the Quandamooka people with historical maps. This is Cope's largest project she has done thus far.
Paintings
Cope's paintings use synthetic paint as well as Indian Ink.
Mining Boom (2013)
Mining Boom Part Two (2013)
Yalukit William (2014)
Boon Wurrung (2014)
Awards
Western Australian Indigenous Art Award, 2015, worth , for The Blaktism
Collections
The Gallery of Modern Art, Brisbane purchased Re Formation 2016-2019 in 2019, and included it in the Water exhibition (07 December 2019 – 26 April 2020).
References
Further reading
*
1982 births
Living people
21st-century Australian women artists
21st-century Australian artists
Artists from Brisbane
Artists from Melbourne
Australian Aboriginal artists
Deakin University alumni |
Jaleyrac (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.
Population
See also
Communes of the Cantal department
References
Communes of Cantal |
Spafarief Bay is a bay in the Kotzebue Sound, on the Chukchi Sea-facing coast of Alaska. Its size is 15 mi. across. There is a lagoon at its southern end.
The Spafarief Bay is located on the northern coast of the Seward Peninsula, 10 mi. north of the mining town of Candle; Kotzebue-Kobuk Low.
Etymology
Spafarief Bay was named in 1816 by Lt. Otto von Kotzebue, of the Imperial Russian Navy after Russian Major General knight Leontiy Spafaryev (1765–1847), Director of the Russian Lighthouse Administration and cartographer of the Russian Admiralty.
The Inuit name of this bay has not been reported.
References
Bays of Alaska
Bodies of water of Northwest Arctic Borough, Alaska
Bays of the Chukchi Sea |
Sjælør station is a railway station on the Køge radial of the S-train network in Copenhagen, Denmark.
See also
List of railway stations in Denmark
References
Railway stations in Valby
S-train (Copenhagen) stations |
Khaled Metwalli Abdel Hamid El Ghandour (; born 15 May 1991) is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Egyptian Premier League club Al Ittihad.
References
1991 births
Living people
Egyptian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Egyptian Premier League players
Beni Ebeid SC players
Ittihad El Shorta SC players
Al Ittihad Alexandria Club players |
James Lent (1753 – August 11, 1838) was a judge and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Shelburne County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1806 to 1818.
He was baptized on February 25, 1753, in Tappan, New Jersey, the son of Adolph Lent and Katje Harring. In 1774, he married Breechje Schmitt. He was a loyalist during the American Revolution, serving with the New Jersey Volunteers. He later settled in Tusket, Nova Scotia. Lent served as a justice of the peace and a justice in the Inferior Court of Common Pleas for Yarmouth County. He died in Tusket at the age of 85.
His son Abraham and his grandsons Isaac Hatfield and Forman Hatfield also served in the provincial assembly.
References
A Directory of the Members of the Legislative Assembly of Nova Scotia, 1758-1958, Public Archives of Nova Scotia (1958)
1753 births
1838 deaths
Nova Scotia pre-Confederation MLAs
Colony of Nova Scotia judges |
The IBM PS/2 Note and PS/note are a series of notebooks from the PS/2 line by IBM. It was announced in March 1992, half a year prior to the release of the first ThinkPad, the IBM ThinkPad 700. The series was discontinued in 1994.
Background
After the departure of Bob Lawten from IBM, the team at IBM had little development direction after the IBM PS/2 L40 SX. James Cannavino pushed for the new notebook series, which fell behind schedule. The N45 SL, N51 SX and N51 SLC were announced on the same day as the IBM PS/2 (color laptop) CL57 SX. During this time there was a distinction between notebooks and laptops, where the former are A4 sized and the latter are larger.
The notebooks were modeled after the PS/55 Note which was released by IBM in Japan in April 1991.
Models
PS/2 note
Mainstream line with 7-row layout only.
N33 SX
The PS/2 Model N33 SX (also known as PS/2 note N33 SX) was the first notebook-sized computer from IBM which was announced in 1991. This model was based on the AT-bus and had between 2 or 6MB RAM. It has a 9.5" 16-greyscale VGA LCD (640x480), a 1.44MB floppy, expansion ports and a 40MB or 80MB HDD, and weighs .
N51 SX
The PS/2 Model N51 SX (or PS/2 Note N51 SX) was a low-end mainstream notebook, which contained a slower version of the typical 386SX found in other notebooks. The N51 SX was delayed for months.
N51 SLC
The PS/2 Model N51 SLC (or PS/2 Note N51 SLC) was based on IBM their 368SLC. This model has a PS/55 note sibling.
PS/note
Entry-level line.
N45 SL
The PS/note N45 SL was priced at $2,045 and contains a 25MHz 386SL. It had 2MB RAM and a 80 or 120MB HDD and was equipped with only 6-row keyboard without dedicated navigation block, the similar layout as a low-end ThinkPad 300 laptop.
PC Mag considered the display a disappointment, but noted its good design and performance.
It was manufactured by Zenith Data Systems.
182/E82/N82
The PS/note 182 and PS/note E82 was equipped with 80386SL CPU, PS/note N82 was equipped with 80386SX and released in 1992. This line has a 7-row keyboard layout and similar to next-year PS/note 425 model case (but with gray case color and without TrackPoint).
Model 425/425C
The PS/note 425/425C are identical to the ThinkPad 350/350C.
Accessories
Communication cartridge
Communication cartridge II
External floppy disk drive
External numpad
Discontinuation
In March 1994, it was reported that IBM would consolidate the PS/note series into the ThinkPad 300 series. In 1994, the ThinkPad 360 series was released.
Timeline
References
External links
Thinkwiki.de - N33SX
Thinkwiki.de - N45SL
Thinkwiki.de - N51
Comparison between PS/Note Model 425 and ThinkPad 350C
PS/2 Note
Computer-related introductions in 1992 |
Sicko is the second stand-up comedy album by Doug Stanhope. It was released in 1999 by Stand Up! Records and recorded live at The Laff Stop comedy club in Houston, Texas.
Intended as a replacement to his debut album, The Great White Stanhope, Sicko contains much of the same material as his freshman effort, including the infamous "Banana Lady" and "Transvestite Hooker" stories.
Track listing
"No Holes Barred" - 2:36
"Mom" - 6:10
"Someone's Been Sleeping in My Bed" - 2:33
"!*?$%! Truckers" - 3:36
"Ecstasy" - 2:05
"For the Man Who Has Everything" - 2:50
"The Perfect Girl" - 3:24
"Tits Are Illegal" - 3:09
"Smoke This" - 3:32
"Terrible Piece of Ass" - 4:10
"The Banana Lady" - 7:38
"SICKO" - 4:51
"The Transvestite Hooker Incident" - 5:13
"Big Dick Dreams" - 2:11
"$5" - 5:29
External links
Doug Stanhope's official website
Doug Stanhope's MySpace Page
Stand Up! Records
1999 live albums
Doug Stanhope albums
Stand Up! Records live albums
1990s comedy albums |
```pod
=pod
=head1 NAME
DSA_meth_new, DSA_meth_free, DSA_meth_dup, DSA_meth_get0_name,
DSA_meth_set1_name, DSA_meth_get_flags, DSA_meth_set_flags,
DSA_meth_get0_app_data, DSA_meth_set0_app_data, DSA_meth_get_sign,
DSA_meth_set_sign, DSA_meth_get_sign_setup, DSA_meth_set_sign_setup,
DSA_meth_get_verify, DSA_meth_set_verify, DSA_meth_get_mod_exp,
DSA_meth_set_mod_exp, DSA_meth_get_bn_mod_exp, DSA_meth_set_bn_mod_exp,
DSA_meth_get_init, DSA_meth_set_init, DSA_meth_get_finish, DSA_meth_set_finish,
DSA_meth_get_paramgen, DSA_meth_set_paramgen, DSA_meth_get_keygen,
DSA_meth_set_keygen - Routines to build up DSA methods
=head1 SYNOPSIS
#include <openssl/dsa.h>
DSA_METHOD *DSA_meth_new(const char *name, int flags);
void DSA_meth_free(DSA_METHOD *dsam);
DSA_METHOD *DSA_meth_dup(const DSA_METHOD *meth);
const char *DSA_meth_get0_name(const DSA_METHOD *dsam);
int DSA_meth_set1_name(DSA_METHOD *dsam, const char *name);
int DSA_meth_get_flags(const DSA_METHOD *dsam);
int DSA_meth_set_flags(DSA_METHOD *dsam, int flags);
void *DSA_meth_get0_app_data(const DSA_METHOD *dsam);
int DSA_meth_set0_app_data(DSA_METHOD *dsam, void *app_data);
DSA_SIG *(*DSA_meth_get_sign(const DSA_METHOD *dsam))
(const unsigned char *, int, DSA *);
int DSA_meth_set_sign(DSA_METHOD *dsam,
DSA_SIG *(*sign) (const unsigned char *, int, DSA *));
int (*DSA_meth_get_sign_setup(const DSA_METHOD *dsam))
(DSA *, BN_CTX *, BIGNUM **, BIGNUM **);
int DSA_meth_set_sign_setup(DSA_METHOD *dsam,
int (*sign_setup) (DSA *, BN_CTX *, BIGNUM **, BIGNUM **));
int (*DSA_meth_get_verify(const DSA_METHOD *dsam))
(const unsigned char *, int , DSA_SIG *, DSA *);
int DSA_meth_set_verify(DSA_METHOD *dsam,
int (*verify) (const unsigned char *, int, DSA_SIG *, DSA *));
int (*DSA_meth_get_mod_exp(const DSA_METHOD *dsam))
(DSA *dsa, BIGNUM *rr, BIGNUM *a1, BIGNUM *p1, BIGNUM *a2, BIGNUM *p2,
BIGNUM *m, BN_CTX *ctx, BN_MONT_CTX *in_mont);
int DSA_meth_set_mod_exp(DSA_METHOD *dsam,
int (*mod_exp) (DSA *dsa, BIGNUM *rr, BIGNUM *a1, BIGNUM *p1, BIGNUM *a2,
BIGNUM *p2, BIGNUM *m, BN_CTX *ctx, BN_MONT_CTX *mont));
int (*DSA_meth_get_bn_mod_exp(const DSA_METHOD *dsam))
(DSA *dsa, BIGNUM *r, BIGNUM *a, const BIGNUM *p, const BIGNUM *m,
BN_CTX *ctx, BN_MONT_CTX *mont);
int DSA_meth_set_bn_mod_exp(DSA_METHOD *dsam,
int (*bn_mod_exp) (DSA *dsa, BIGNUM *r, BIGNUM *a, const BIGNUM *p,
const BIGNUM *m, BN_CTX *ctx, BN_MONT_CTX *mont));
int (*DSA_meth_get_init(const DSA_METHOD *dsam))(DSA *);
int DSA_meth_set_init(DSA_METHOD *dsam, int (*init)(DSA *));
int (*DSA_meth_get_finish(const DSA_METHOD *dsam)) (DSA *);
int DSA_meth_set_finish(DSA_METHOD *dsam, int (*finish) (DSA *));
int (*DSA_meth_get_paramgen(const DSA_METHOD *dsam))
(DSA *, int, const unsigned char *, int, int *, unsigned long *,
BN_GENCB *);
int DSA_meth_set_paramgen(DSA_METHOD *dsam,
int (*paramgen) (DSA *, int, const unsigned char *, int, int *,
unsigned long *, BN_GENCB *));
int (*DSA_meth_get_keygen(const DSA_METHOD *dsam)) (DSA *);
int DSA_meth_set_keygen(DSA_METHOD *dsam, int (*keygen) (DSA *));
=head1 DESCRIPTION
The B<DSA_METHOD> type is a structure used for the provision of custom DSA
implementations. It provides a set of of functions used by OpenSSL for the
implementation of the various DSA capabilities. See the L<dsa> page for more
information.
DSA_meth_new() creates a new B<DSA_METHOD> structure. It should be given a
unique B<name> and a set of B<flags>. The B<name> should be a NULL terminated
string, which will be duplicated and stored in the B<DSA_METHOD> object. It is
the callers responsibility to free the original string. The flags will be used
during the construction of a new B<DSA> object based on this B<DSA_METHOD>. Any
new B<DSA> object will have those flags set by default.
DSA_meth_dup() creates a duplicate copy of the B<DSA_METHOD> object passed as a
parameter. This might be useful for creating a new B<DSA_METHOD> based on an
existing one, but with some differences.
DSA_meth_free() destroys a B<DSA_METHOD> structure and frees up any memory
associated with it.
DSA_meth_get0_name() will return a pointer to the name of this DSA_METHOD. This
is a pointer to the internal name string and so should not be freed by the
caller. DSA_meth_set1_name() sets the name of the DSA_METHOD to B<name>. The
string is duplicated and the copy is stored in the DSA_METHOD structure, so the
caller remains responsible for freeing the memory associated with the name.
DSA_meth_get_flags() returns the current value of the flags associated with this
DSA_METHOD. DSA_meth_set_flags() provides the ability to set these flags.
The functions DSA_meth_get0_app_data() and DSA_meth_set0_app_data() provide the
ability to associate implementation specific data with the DSA_METHOD. It is
the application's responsibility to free this data before the DSA_METHOD is
freed via a call to DSA_meth_free().
DSA_meth_get_sign() and DSA_meth_set_sign() get and set the function used for
creating a DSA signature respectively. This function will be
called in response to the application calling DSA_do_sign() (or DSA_sign()). The
parameters for the function have the same meaning as for DSA_do_sign().
DSA_meth_get_sign_setup() and DSA_meth_set_sign_setup() get and set the function
used for precalculating the DSA signature values B<k^-1> and B<r>. This function
will be called in response to the application calling DSA_sign_setup(). The
parameters for the function have the same meaning as for DSA_sign_setup().
DSA_meth_get_verify() and DSA_meth_set_verify() get and set the function used
for verifying a DSA signature respectively. This function will be called in
response to the application calling DSA_do_verify() (or DSA_verify()). The
parameters for the function have the same meaning as for DSA_do_verify().
DSA_meth_get_mod_exp() and DSA_meth_set_mod_exp() get and set the function used
for computing the following value:
rr = a1^p1 * a2^p2 mod m
This function will be called by the default OpenSSL method during verification
of a DSA signature. The result is stored in the B<rr> parameter. This function
may be NULL.
DSA_meth_get_bn_mod_exp() and DSA_meth_set_bn_mod_exp() get and set the function
used for computing the following value:
r = a ^ p mod m
This function will be called by the default OpenSSL function for
DSA_sign_setup(). The result is stored in the B<r> parameter. This function
may be NULL.
DSA_meth_get_init() and DSA_meth_set_init() get and set the function used
for creating a new DSA instance respectively. This function will be
called in response to the application calling DSA_new() (if the current default
DSA_METHOD is this one) or DSA_new_method(). The DSA_new() and DSA_new_method()
functions will allocate the memory for the new DSA object, and a pointer to this
newly allocated structure will be passed as a parameter to the function. This
function may be NULL.
DSA_meth_get_finish() and DSA_meth_set_finish() get and set the function used
for destroying an instance of a DSA object respectively. This function will be
called in response to the application calling DSA_free(). A pointer to the DSA
to be destroyed is passed as a parameter. The destroy function should be used
for DSA implementation specific clean up. The memory for the DSA itself should
not be freed by this function. This function may be NULL.
DSA_meth_get_paramgen() and DSA_meth_set_paramgen() get and set the function
used for generating DSA parameters respectively. This function will be called in
response to the application calling DSA_generate_parameters_ex() (or
DSA_generate_parameters()). The parameters for the function have the same
meaning as for DSA_generate_parameters_ex().
DSA_meth_get_keygen() and DSA_meth_set_keygen() get and set the function
used for generating a new DSA key pair respectively. This function will be
called in response to the application calling DSA_generate_key(). The parameter
for the function has the same meaning as for DSA_generate_key().
=head1 RETURN VALUES
DSA_meth_new() and DSA_meth_dup() return the newly allocated DSA_METHOD object
or NULL on failure.
DSA_meth_get0_name() and DSA_meth_get_flags() return the name and flags
associated with the DSA_METHOD respectively.
All other DSA_meth_get_*() functions return the appropriate function pointer
that has been set in the DSA_METHOD, or NULL if no such pointer has yet been
set.
DSA_meth_set1_name() and all DSA_meth_set_*() functions return 1 on success or
0 on failure.
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<dsa(3)>, L<DSA_new(3)>, L<DSA_generate_parameters(3)>, L<DSA_generate_key(3)>,
L<DSA_dup_DH(3)>, L<DSA_do_sign(3)>, L<DSA_set_method(3)>, L<DSA_SIG_new(3)>,
L<DSA_sign(3)>, L<DSA_size(3)>, L<DSA_get0_pqg(3)>
=head1 HISTORY
The functions described here were added in OpenSSL 1.1.0.
=head1 COPYRIGHT
in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
L<path_to_url
=cut
``` |
```yaml
# Note: On most ST development boards, external clock "HSE 8MHz" is provided thanks to ST-Link
# via its MCO line. On some boards, ST-Link MCO sloder brigde is not set out of the box.
# To reflect this constraint on such boards, a specific fixture "mco_sb_closed" is provided.
# To run HSE tests on these boards:
# - add the sloder bridge
# - add the fixture in map file
common:
timeout: 5
tags:
- clock_control
tests:
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.l4_l5.sysclksrc_pll_48_msi_4:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/clear_msi.overlay;boards/pll_48_msi_4.overlay"
platform_allow:
- disco_l475_iot1
- nucleo_l4r5zi
- stm32l562e_dk
integration_platforms:
- disco_l475_iot1
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.l4_l5.sysclksrc_pll_64_hsi_16:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/clear_msi.overlay;boards/pll_64_hsi_16.overlay"
platform_allow:
- disco_l475_iot1
- nucleo_l4r5zi
- stm32l562e_dk
integration_platforms:
- disco_l475_iot1
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.sysclksrc_hsi_16:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/clear_msi.overlay;boards/hsi_16.overlay"
platform_allow:
- disco_l475_iot1
- nucleo_l4r5zi
- stm32l562e_dk
- nucleo_wb55rg
- nucleo_wl55jc
integration_platforms:
- disco_l475_iot1
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.sysclksrc_msi_48:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/clear_msi.overlay;boards/msi_range11.overlay"
platform_allow:
- disco_l475_iot1
- nucleo_l4r5zi
- stm32l562e_dk
- nucleo_wl55jc
- nucleo_wb55rg
integration_platforms:
- disco_l475_iot1
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.l4_l5.sysclksrc_hse_8.fixup:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/clear_msi.overlay;boards/hse_8.overlay"
platform_allow:
- disco_l475_iot1
- nucleo_l4r5zi
- stm32l562e_dk
harness: ztest
harness_config:
fixture: mco_sb_closed
integration_platforms:
- disco_l475_iot1
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.l4_l5.sysclksrc_pll_64_hse_8.fixup:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/clear_msi.overlay;boards/pll_64_hse_8.overlay"
platform_allow:
- disco_l475_iot1
- nucleo_l4r5zi
- stm32l562e_dk
harness: ztest
harness_config:
fixture: mco_sb_closed
integration_platforms:
- disco_l475_iot1
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.g0.sysclksrc_pll_64_hse_8:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/pll_64_hse_8.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_g071rb
harness: ztest
harness_config:
fixture: mco_sb_closed
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_g071rb
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.g0.sysclksrc_hsi_g0_16_div_2:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/hsi_g0_16_div_2.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_g071rb
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_g071rb
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.g0.sysclksrc_hsi_g0_16_div_4:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/hsi_g0_16_div_4.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_g071rb
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_g071rb
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.g4.sysclksrc_pll_64_hsi_16:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/pll_64_hsi_16.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_g474re
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_g474re
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.g0.sysclksrc_pll_g0_64_hsi_16:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/pll_g0_64_hsi_16.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_g071rb
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_g071rb
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.g4.sysclksrc_hsi_16:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/hsi_16.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_g474re
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_g474re
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.g0.sysclksrc_hsi_g0_16:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/hsi_g0_16.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_g071rb
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_g071rb
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.g4.sysclksrc_hse_24:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/hse_24.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_g474re
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.g4.sysclksrc_hse_24.css:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/hse_24.overlay;boards/hse_css.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_g474re
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.l0_l1.sysclksrc_hse_8:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/clear_msi.overlay;boards/hse_8.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_l152re
- nucleo_l073rz
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_l152re
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.l0_l1.sysclksrc_pll_32_hse_8:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/pll_32_hse_8.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_l152re
- nucleo_l073rz
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_l152re
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.l0_l1.sysclksrc_pll_32_hsi_16:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/pll_32_hsi_16.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_l152re
- nucleo_l073rz
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_l152re
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.l0_l1.sysclksrc_msi_range6:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/msi_range6.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_l152re
- nucleo_l073rz
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_l152re
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.wl.sysclksrc_pll_48_hsi_16:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/pll_48_hsi_16.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_wl55jc
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_wl55jc
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.wl.sysclksrc_pll_48_hse_32:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/wl_pll_48_hse_32.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_wl55jc
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_wl55jc
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.wl.sysclksrc_hse_32:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/wl_32_hse.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_wl55jc
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_wl55jc
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.wb.sysclksrc_hse_32:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/hse_32.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_wb55rg
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_wb55rg
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.wb.sysclksrc_pll_48_hsi_16:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/wb_pll_48_hsi_16.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_wb55rg
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_wb55rg
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.wb.sysclksrc_pll_64_hse_32:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/wb_pll_64_hse_32.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_wb55rg
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_wb55rg
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.wb.sysclksrc_pll_48_msi_4:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_clocks.overlay;boards/wb_pll_48_msi_4.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_wb55rg
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_wb55rg
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f0_f3.sysclksrc_hsi_8:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f0_f1_f3_clocks.overlay;boards/hsi_8.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_f091rc
- stm32f3_disco
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f091rc
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f0_f3.sysclksrc_hse_8:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f0_f1_f3_clocks.overlay;boards/hse_8_bypass.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_f091rc
- stm32f3_disco
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f091rc
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f0_f3.sysclksrc_pll_32_hsi_8:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f0_f1_f3_clocks.overlay;boards/f0_f3_pll_32_hsi_8.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_f091rc
- stm32f3_disco
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f091rc
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f0_f3.sysclksrc_pll_32_hse_8:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f0_f1_f3_clocks.overlay;boards/f0_f3_pll_32_hse_8.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_f091rc
- stm32f3_disco
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f091rc
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f1.sysclksrc_hsi_8:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f0_f1_f3_clocks.overlay;boards/hsi_8.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_f103rb
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f103rb
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f1.sysclksrc_hse_8:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f0_f1_f3_clocks.overlay;boards/hse_8.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_f103rb
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f103rb
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f1.sysclksrc_pll_64_hsi_8:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f0_f1_f3_clocks.overlay;boards/f1_pll_64_hsi_8.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_f103rb
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f103rb
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f1.sysclksrc_pll_64_hse_8:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f0_f1_f3_clocks.overlay;boards/f1_pll_64_hse_8.overlay"
platform_allow: nucleo_f103rb
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f103rb
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f2_f4_f7.sysclksrc_hsi_16:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f2_f4_f7_clocks.overlay;boards/hsi_16.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_f207zg
- nucleo_f429zi
- nucleo_f446re
- nucleo_f746zg
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f207zg
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f2_f4_f7.sysclksrc_hse_8:
extra_args: DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f2_f4_f7_clocks.overlay;boards/hse_8.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_f207zg
- nucleo_f429zi
- nucleo_f446re
- nucleo_f746zg
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f207zg
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f2_f4_f7.sysclksrc_pll_64_hsi_16:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f2_f4_f7_clocks.overlay;boards/f2_f4_f7_pll_64_hsi_16.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_f207zg
- nucleo_f429zi
- nucleo_f446re
- nucleo_f746zg
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f207zg
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f2_f4_f7.sysclksrc_pll_64_hse_8:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f2_f4_f7_clocks.overlay;boards/f2_f4_f7_pll_64_hse_8.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_f207zg
- nucleo_f429zi
- nucleo_f446re
- nucleo_f746zg
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f207zg
drivers.clock.stm32_clock_configuration.common_core.f2_f4_f7.sysclksrc_pll_100_hsi_16_ahb2:
extra_args:
DTC_OVERLAY_FILE="boards/clear_f2_f4_f7_clocks.overlay;boards/f2_f4_f7_pll_100_hsi_16_ahb_2.overlay"
platform_allow:
- nucleo_f207zg
- nucleo_f429zi
- nucleo_f446re
- nucleo_f746zg
integration_platforms:
- nucleo_f207zg
``` |
Sky Whirl was the name of two amusement rides which featured triple Ferris wheels. Both debuted in 1976 at the California's Great America (in Santa Clara, California) and Six Flags Great America (in Gurnee, Illinois) amusement parks. The ride in Santa Clara closed in 1997, and the ride in Gurnee closed in 2000. Two additional triple Ferris wheels were later built for the Seibu-en and Lotte World parks in Japan (operating between 1985 and 2004) and South Korea (1989–97), respectively. All four rides were manufactured by Waagner-Biro and brokered by Intamin.
Design
The ride resembled a huge tree topped with three arms; the arms rotated as a unit on an axis canted from vertical. Each arm was tipped with a rotating wheel, or "spider", and each spider carried 12 passenger cages. Due to the off-vertical axis, two wheels spun in the air in a near-vertical plane while the third was on the ground stationary in a horizontal plane, loading and unloading passengers from all the cars on that wheel simultaneously.
Intamin marketed the ride as the "Tree Triple Wheel" and advertised a capacity of 2,000 customers per hour. The ride had a peak height of and required a circular footprint in diameter.
Sky Whirl was developed from the earlier Giant Wheel, a double wheel design that Intamin had first installed at Hersheypark in 1973. Intamin's Giant Wheel was in turn inspired by an earlier double wheel design patented in 1966 to address the slow loading of conventional Ferris wheel designs. That first double wheel debuted with Astroworld as the Astrowheel in 1968. The Sky Whirl design was commissioned by Marriott for both of its Great America theme parks. Because these parks (both Great America parks, Hersheypark, and Astroworld) were all designed by the same firm, R. Duell and Associates, some common design elements were carried through each park, including the double/triple-wheel designs.
History
Both rides debuted with the opening of the Great America parks in 1976. At the time the theme park in Santa Clara opened on March 21, 1976, it was billed as having the world's first triple Ferris wheel. The Gurnee park opened on May 29.
The Santa Clara ride, which appeared in the 1994 movie Beverly Hills Cop III as "The Spider", was later renamed Triple Wheel before it closed in 1997. At Santa Clara, Sky Whirl was replaced by the Invertigo roller coaster. The identical Gurnee ride closed in 2000 and was replaced by Déjà Vu for the 2001 season.
Two other triple wheels were produced for Asian clients: Seibu-en (Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan; operated 1985–2004) and Lotte World (Seoul, South Korea; 1989–97). According to Harry Michelson, because relatively few double and triple wheels were built, production was discontinued sometime in the 1990s and parts became scarce, making maintenance of these relatively complicated rides difficult and expensive.
References
External links
Former Ferris wheels
Amusement rides introduced in 1976
Amusement rides that closed in 1997
Amusement rides that closed in 2000
California's Great America
Six Flags attractions
Six Flags Great America |
Gunnedah railway station is located on the Mungindi line in New South Wales, Australia. It serves the town of Gunnedah. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
History
The station opened on 11 September 1879 when the line was extended from Breeza. It served as the terminus of the line until it was extended to Boggabri on 11 July 1882.
The original station building was replaced by the current structure in 1915. The station has one platform and a passing loop.
Services
Gunnedah is served by NSW TrainLink's daily Northern Tablelands Xplorer service operating between Moree and Sydney.
Description
The station complex consists of a type 11 brick station building of an initial side platform design with unusual brackets to its awning, and an associated loading bank.
Heritage listing
The station building is unique as it was built during a period where country stations were generally simple in design. This is a large structure with an unusually large cantilevered awning to the platform. It is a well-proportioned substantial brick building and although modest in detail, it is an imposing structure for its time. It is unusual in that it exhibits Edwardian elements such as the curved window heads and A/C shingle roof. The building adds to the historic fabric of the town presenting an elegant facade to the street while presenting an unusually large awning to the platform side. It is one of the few surviving substantial railway buildings in the north-west of the State.
Gunnedah railway station was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
This item is assessed as historically rare. This item is assessed as arch. rare. This item is assessed as socially rare.
References
Attribution
External links
Gunedah station details Transport for New South Wales
Easy Access railway stations in New South Wales
North West Slopes
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1879
Regional railway stations in New South Wales
New South Wales State Heritage Register
Gunnedah, New South Wales |
Ferdi Statzer (né Friedrich von Statzer; 1906 – 17 June 1974) was an eminent Austrian pedagogue, pianist, conductor and composer. A native Viennese, his musical career transplanted him to Turkey, where he became an influential teacher to a generation of pianists.
Early life
Statzer was born in Vienna, Austria in 1906, to a father of Hungarian-Polish origin and a mother of Austrian descent. Following initial piano lessons with his mother, Statzer entered Mozarteum University of Salzburg, where his teachers included Emil von Sauer and Friedrich Wührer.
After graduating in 1925, Statzer continued his music education at the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna, where he studied composition with Joseph Marx.
Career in Turkey
In 1932, Statzer met Turkish composer Hasan Ferit Alnar, who invited him to Turkey. Through the good offices of Alnar, Statzer joined the Istanbul Municipal Conservatory (now Istanbul University State Conservatory) as a faculty member and was employed by the İstanbul Şehir Tiyatroları (Istanbul State Theaters) as a composer and a pianist.
Statzer taught for many years at the Conservatory, establishing a distinct and influential school of pianism. Some of his pupils went on to successful concert or other significant music careers; these include Mehmet Kurdoğlu, Şahan Arzruni, Ali Darmar, Verda Erman, Betin Güneş, Meral Güneyman, Sirvart Kalpakyan Karamanuk, Arın Karamürsel, Ayşegül Sarıca, Ergican Saydam and Gülay Uğurata., Janet Mafyan (mother of Alain Altinoglu)
In 1972, the Austrian government bestowed Statzer with the honorary title of "Professor".
Personal life
In 1933, Statzer married the Turkish actress Bedia Muvahhit. Following their divorce, he married again in 1952, this time to Hungarian violinist Lilly Szekely, leader of the then touring women's music ensemble "Pogány".
In 1944, Statzer became a Turkish citizen, and later converted to Islam.
Death
Statzer died of a heart attack on 17 June 1974 while driving in Europe. His funeral took place on 2 July 1974 at the Teşvikiye Mosque in Istanbul, Turkey.
References
1906 births
Musicians from Vienna
University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna alumni
Mozarteum University Salzburg alumni
Academic staff of Istanbul University
Austrian classical pianists
Austrian music educators
Male classical pianists
Austrian emigrants to Turkey
Turkish people of Austrian descent
Converts to Islam
Turkish classical pianists
Turkish music educators
1974 deaths
Pupils of Joseph Marx
20th-century classical pianists
20th-century Austrian male musicians
20th-century Turkish male musicians |
```smalltalk
Class {
#name : 'CDFluidClassParserTest',
#superclass : 'TestCase',
#category : 'ClassParser-Tests',
#package : 'ClassParser-Tests'
}
{ #category : 'running' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> classDefinitionParserClass [
^ CDFluidClassDefinitionParser
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) simple class definition' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testClassSideDefinitionIsClassSide [
| def |
def := self classDefinitionParserClass parse: 'Object class << Point class
slot: { }'.
self assert: def isClassSide
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) class side' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testClassSideEmpty [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object class << AlignmentMorph class
'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def class equals: CDMetaclassDefinitionNode
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) class side' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testClassSideWithTraits [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object class << AlignmentMorph class
traits: TableRotate classTrait;
slots: { #x . #y}'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def class equals: CDMetaclassDefinitionNode.
self assert: def hasTraitComposition.
self assert: def traitDefinition class equals: CDClassTraitNode.
self assert: def traitDefinition name equals: #TableRotate.
self assert: def slots first name equals: #x
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) class variables' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testComplexClassVariables [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
sharedVariables: { #A => ClassVar default: 5 };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def sharedVariables first class equals: CDSharedVariableNode.
self assert: def sharedVariables first name equals: #A.
self assert: def sharedVariables first variableClassName equals: #ClassVar
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) class variables' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testComplexClassVariablesCascae [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
sharedVariables: { #A => ClassVar default: 5; default2: 4 };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def sharedVariables first class equals: CDSharedVariableNode.
self assert: def sharedVariables first name equals: #A.
self assert: def sharedVariables first variableClassName equals: #ClassVar
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) slots' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testComplexSlots [
| parser defString def slot |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
slots: { #inst => Slot default: 5 };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
slot := def slots first.
self assert: slot name equals: #inst.
self assert: slot node selector equals: #default:.
self assert: slot variableClassName equals: #Slot
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) slots' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testComplexSlotsCascade [
| parser defString def slot |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
slots: { #inst => Slot default: 5; default2: 4};
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
slot := def slots first.
self assert: slot name equals: #inst.
self assert: slot node messages first selector equals: #default:.
self assert: slot variableClassName equals: #Slot
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) slots' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testComplexSlotsClass [
| parser defString def slot |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
slots: { #inst => Slot };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
slot := def slots first.
self assert: slot name equals: #inst.
self assert: slot variableClassName equals: #Slot
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) class variables' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testEmptyClassVariable [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
sharedVariables: { };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def sharedVariables isEmpty
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) slots' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testEmptySlots [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
slots: {};
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def slots isEmpty
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) kinds' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testEphemeronSubclass [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
layout: EphemeronLayout;
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def layoutClass equals: EphemeronLayout
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) simple class definition' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testInstanceDefinitionIsInstanceSide [
| def |
def := self classDefinitionParserClass parse: 'Object << #Point
package: ''Kernel-BasicObjects'''.
self assert: def isInstanceSide
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) kinds' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testNormalSubclass [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
layout: FixedLayout;
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def layoutClass equals: FixedLayout
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) sharedPools' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testSharedPools [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
sharedPools: {TextConstants};
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def sharedPools first name equals: 'TextConstants'
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) class variables' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testSimpleClassVariableClass [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
sharedVariables: { #A => ClassVar };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def sharedVariables first name equals: #A.
self assert: def sharedVariables first variableClassName equals: #ClassVar.
self assert: def sharedVariables first class equals: CDSharedVariableNode
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) class variables' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testSimpleClassVariables [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
sharedVariables: { #A . #B };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def sharedVariables first name equals: #A.
self assert: def sharedVariables second name equals: #B.
self assert: def sharedVariables first variableClassName equals: #ClassVariable.
self assert: def sharedVariables second variableClassName equals: #ClassVariable
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) simple class definition' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testSimpleDefinition [
| def |
def := self classDefinitionParserClass parse: 'Object << #Point
package: ''Kernel-BasicObjects'''.
self assert: def className equals: #Point
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) simple class definition' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testSimpleDefinitionClassNode [
| def |
def := self classDefinitionParserClass parse: 'Object << #Point
package: ''Kernel-BasicObjects'''.
self assert: def classNameNode className equals: #Point.
"The following cannot work
self assert: def classNameNode binding value equals: Point.
because binding is defined as
existingBindingIfAbsent: aBlock
| binding |
binding := originalNode methodNode compilationContext environment bindingOf: className.
^ binding ifNil: aBlock
"
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) simple class definition' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testSimpleDefinitionPackageIsCorrect [
| def |
def := self classDefinitionParserClass parse: 'Object << #Point
package: ''Kernel-BasicObjects'''.
self assert: def packageName equals: 'Kernel-BasicObjects'
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) simple class definition' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testSimpleDefinitionSuperclassName [
| def |
def := self classDefinitionParserClass parse: 'Object << #Point
package: ''Kernel-BasicObjects'''.
self assert: def superclassName equals: 'Object'
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) slots' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testSimpleSlots [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
slots: { #a. #b };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def slots size equals: 2.
self assert: def slots first name equals: #a.
self assert: def slots second name equals: #b.
self assert: def slots first variableClassName equals: #InstanceVariableSlot.
self assert: def slots second variableClassName equals: #InstanceVariableSlot
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) tags' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testTag [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
tag: ''tag1'';
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def tag name equals: 'tag1'
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) traits' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testTraitAlias [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
traits: MyTrait @ {#foo -> #bar};
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def traitDefinition class equals: CDTraitAliasNode.
self assert: (def traitDefinition aliases values) equals: #(bar).
self assert: (def traitDefinition aliases keys) equals: #(foo).
self assert: def traitDefinition subject name equals: #MyTrait
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) traits' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testTraitEmpty [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
uses: {};
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def traitDefinition equals: nil
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) traits' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testTraitPlainSimple [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
traits: MyTrait;
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def traitDefinition name equals: #MyTrait
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) traits' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testTraitSequence [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
traits: MyTrait + (AnotherTrait - {#selector} @ {#selector1 -> #selector});
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def traitDefinition class equals: CDTraitCompositionSequenceNode.
self assert: def traitDefinition sequence size equals: 2.
self assert: (def traitDefinition sequence second aliases values) equals: #(selector).
self assert: (def traitDefinition sequence second aliases keys) equals: #(selector1).
self assert: def traitDefinition sequence first name equals: #MyTrait
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) class variables' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testUnrestrictedClassVariable [
| orginalSetting parser defString def |
orginalSetting := CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions.
CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions: true.
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
sharedVariables: { ClassVariable named: #A };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def sharedVariables first class equals: CDSharedVariableNode.
self assert: def sharedVariables first name equals: #A.
self assert: def sharedVariables first variableClassName equals: #ClassVariable.
CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions: orginalSetting
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) class variables' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testUnrestrictedClassVariableSimple [
| orginalSetting parser defString def |
orginalSetting := CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions.
CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions: true.
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
sharedVariables: { #A };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def sharedVariables first class equals: CDSharedVariableNode.
self assert: def sharedVariables first name equals: #A.
self assert: def sharedVariables first variableClassName equals: #ClassVariable.
CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions: orginalSetting
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) slots' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testUnrestrictedSlot [
| orginalSetting parser defString def |
orginalSetting := CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions.
CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions: true.
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
slots: { InstanceVariableSlot named: #a. #b };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def slots size equals: 2.
self assert: def slots first name equals: #a.
self assert: def slots second name equals: #b.
self assert: def slots first variableClassName equals: #InstanceVariableSlot.
self assert: def slots second variableClassName equals: #InstanceVariableSlot.
CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions: orginalSetting
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) slots' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testUnrestrictedSlotsSimple [
| orginalSetting parser defString def |
orginalSetting := CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions.
CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions: true.
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
slots: { #a. #b };
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def slots size equals: 2.
self assert: def slots first name equals: #a.
self assert: def slots second name equals: #b.
self assert: def slots first variableClassName equals: #InstanceVariableSlot.
self assert: def slots second variableClassName equals: #InstanceVariableSlot.
CDFluidClassDefinitionParser unrestrictedVariableDefinitions: orginalSetting
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) kinds' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testVariableByteSubclass [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
layout: ByteLayout;
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def layoutClass equals: ByteLayout
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) kinds' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testVariableSubclass [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
layout: VariableLayout;
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def layoutClass equals: VariableLayout
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) kinds' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testVariableWordSubclass [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
layout: WordLayout;
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def layoutClass equals: WordLayout
]
{ #category : 'tests - (r) kinds' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWeakSubclass [
| parser defString def |
parser := self classDefinitionParserClass new.
defString := 'Object << #MyObject
layout: WeakLayout;
package: #MyPackage'.
def := parser parse: defString.
self assert: def layoutClass equals: WeakLayout
]
{ #category : 'tests - rb xp' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWithRB [
| dict searcher |
searcher := RBParseTreeSearcher new.
searcher
matches: '`superklass << `#ClassName
slots: {};
sharedVariables: {};
package: '''''
do: [ :aNode :answer | dict:= searcher context ].
dict := searcher executeTree: (RBParser parseExpression: 'Object << #MyClass
slots: {};
sharedVariables: {};
package: ''''')
]
{ #category : 'tests - rb xp' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWithRB10 [
| searcher kind |
searcher := RBParseTreeSearcher new.
searcher
matches: 'Trait << `#traitSymbol' do: [:aNode :answer | kind := #traitInstance ];
matches: 'Trait << `@symb classTrait' do: [:aNode :answer | kind := #traitClass ];
matches: '`@tm << `#symb' do: [:aNode :answer | kind := #instance ];
matches: '`@tm class << `@symb class' do: [:aNode :answer | kind := #class ].
searcher executeTree: (RBParser parseExpression: '
Trait << TViewModelMock3 classTrait
') .
self assert: kind equals: #traitClass.
"reference to TViewModelMock3 is just in the string, add it here so we can find it"
TViewModelMock3.
]
{ #category : 'tests - rb xp' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWithRB10WithError [
| searcher kind |
searcher := RBParseTreeSearcher new.
searcher
matches: 'Trait << `#traitSymbol' do: [:aNode :answer | kind := #traitInstance ];
matches: 'Trait << `@symb classTrait' do: [:aNode :answer | kind := #traitClass ];
matches: '`@tm << `#symb' do: [:aNode :answer | kind := #instance ];
matches: '`@tm class << `@symb class' do: [:aNode :answer | kind := #class ].
searcher executeTree: (RBParser parseExpression: '
Trait << TViewModelMock3 class
') .
self assert: kind isNil.
"reference to TViewModelMock3 is just in the string, add it here so we can find it"
TViewModelMock3.
]
{ #category : 'tests - rb xp' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWithRB3 [
| searcher coll|
searcher := RBParseTreeSearcher new.
coll := OrderedCollection new.
searcher
matches: '^self' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: aNode ];
matches: '^`@anything' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: aNode].
searcher executeTree: (RBParser parseMethod: 'foo
|tmp|
tmp := 22.
^ 42').
self assert: coll size equals: 1
]
{ #category : 'tests - rb xp' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWithRB4 [
| searcher coll|
searcher := RBParseTreeSearcher new.
coll := OrderedCollection new.
searcher
matches: '`@tm := `@val' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: aNode ];
matches: '^`@anything' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: aNode].
searcher executeTree: (RBParser parseMethod: 'foo
| tmp |
tmp := 22.
tmp := 55.
^ 42').
self assert: coll size equals: 3
]
{ #category : 'tests - rb xp' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWithRB5 [
| searcher coll|
searcher := RBParseTreeSearcher new.
coll := OrderedCollection new.
searcher
matches: '`@tm << `#symb' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #instance ];
matches: '`@tm class << `@symb class' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #class ];
matches: 'Trait << `#traitSymbol' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #traitInstance ];
matches: 'Trait << `@symb classTrait' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #traitClass ].
searcher executeTree: (RBParser parseExpression: '
Object << #Point
slots: { #x . #y };
package: ''Foo''
') .
self assert: coll first equals: #instance.
self assert: coll size equals: 1
]
{ #category : 'tests - rb xp' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWithRB6 [
| searcher coll|
searcher := RBParseTreeSearcher new.
coll := OrderedCollection new.
searcher
matches: '`@tm << `#symb' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #instance ];
matches: '`@tm class << `@symb class' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #class ];
matches: 'Trait << `#traitSymbol' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #traitInstance ];
matches: 'Trait << `@symb classTrait' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #traitClass ].
searcher executeTree: (RBParser parseExpression: '
Object class << #Point class
slots: { #x . #y };
package: ''Foo''
') .
self assert: coll first equals: #class.
self assert: coll size equals: 1
]
{ #category : 'tests - rb xp' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWithRB7 [
| searcher coll|
searcher := RBParseTreeSearcher new.
coll := OrderedCollection new.
searcher
matches: '`@tm << `#symb' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #instance ];
matches: '`@tm class << `@symb class' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #class ];
matches: 'Trait << `#traitSymbol' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #traitInstance ];
matches: 'Trait << `@symb classTrait' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #traitClass ].
searcher executeTree: (RBParser parseExpression: '
Trait << #TPoint classTrait
slots: { #x . #y };
package: ''Foo''
') .
self assert: coll first equals: #traitClass.
self assert: coll size equals: 1
]
{ #category : 'tests - rb xp' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWithRB8 [
| searcher coll|
searcher := RBParseTreeSearcher new.
coll := OrderedCollection new.
searcher
matches: 'Trait << `#traitSymbol' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #traitInstance ];
matches: '`@tm << `#symb' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #instance ];
matches: '`@tm class << `@symb class' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #class ];
matches: 'Trait << `@symb classTrait' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #traitClass ].
searcher executeTree: (RBParser parseExpression: '
Trait << #Point
slots: { #x . #y };
package: ''Foo''
') .
self assert: coll size equals: 1.
self assert: coll first equals: #traitInstance
]
{ #category : 'tests - rb xp' }
CDFluidClassParserTest >> testWithRB9 [
| searcher coll|
searcher := RBParseTreeSearcher new.
coll := OrderedCollection new.
searcher
matches: 'Trait << `#traitSymbol' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #traitInstance ];
matches: '`@tm << `#symb' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #instance ];
matches: '`@tm class << `@symb class' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #class ];
matches: 'Trait << `@symb classTrait' do: [:aNode :answer | coll add: #traitClass ].
searcher executeTree: (RBParser parseExpression: '
Object << #MyObject
sharedVariables: { #A . #B };
package: ''MyPackage''
') .
self assert: coll size equals: 1.
self assert: coll first equals: #instance
]
``` |
Grünow is a municipality in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
See also
Grunow (disambiguation)
References
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz |
```kotlin
package mega.privacy.android.app.domain.usecase.shares
import mega.privacy.android.domain.entity.node.NodeId
import nz.mega.sdk.MegaShare
/**
* Get a list with the active and pending outbound sharings for a MegaNode
*/
fun interface GetOutShares {
/**
* Get a list with the active and pending outbound sharings for a MegaNode
* @param nodeId the [NodeId] of the node to get the outbound sharings
* @return a list of [MegaShare] of the outbound sharings of the node
*/
suspend operator fun invoke(nodeId: NodeId): List<MegaShare>?
}
``` |
Suryadhar Lake, is an artificial lake developed by Government of Uttarakhand, situated in Doiwala, in Uttarakhand.
Overview
The lake has a holding capacity of 77 thousand cubic meters of water. The length of this lake is 550 meters, the width is 28 meters, and the depth is 10 meters. 18 villages rely on irrigation, and 19 villages receive drinking water from this lake.
History
Chief Minister Trivendra Singh Rawat laid the foundation stone on 25 December 2017. The construction work of Suryadhar Lake was completed in November 2020.
References
Artificial lakes of India
Uttarakhand |
Dong'an chicken () is a Chinese cold parboiled chicken dish, flavoured with chili peppers, ground sichuan peppercorns, white rice vinegar, scallions and ginger. It is named after Dong'an County. It is one of the signature dishes of Hunan chefs.
Dong'an chicken is a traditional Hunan dish, which started in the Tang dynasty. In February 1972, when the then U.S. President Richard Nixon visited China, Mao Zedong entertained Nixon with Hunan dishes such as Dong'an chicken at a banquet.
It has evolved through three dynasties, named "Mature vinegar chicken" in the Western Jin dynasty, "Guanbao chicken" in the late Qing dynasty, and "Dong'an chicken" in the Republic of China.
References
Hunan cuisine
Chicken dishes |
Peni Ravai Kovekalou (born 16 June 1990) is a Fijian rugby union player, who currently plays at hooker and prop for the Flying Fijians and the in Super Rugby. He previously played for in the Mitre 10 Cup in New Zealand, Aurillac in the Pro D2, and Bordeaux Bègles and Clermont Auvergne in the Top 14. He has also played at centre and on the wings.
Career
Ravai grew up playing rugby in the backline. He played wing and centre. When he made it to provincial level, he started playing in the forwards as there was no place in the backline. He became Nadroga's starting prop and at times played on the flanks as well as in the backline. He has also played 7's rugby for Davetalevu. He joined the Fiji Barbarians team at the Uprising 7's tournament and helped them win the title.
In February 2013, he was selected into the Fiji 7's team to replace the injured Josua Tuisova. He made his international 7's debut at the 2013 USA Sevens. He is also Fiji's first international prop to play international 7's rugby for Fiji.
He was then recruited by Inoke Male, the Fiji 15's coach to join the team on their 2013 end-of-year rugby union internationals. He made his debut off the bench at hooker against Romania.
In August 2014, he was signed by Greater Sydney Rams to join the newly created, National Rugby Championship in Australia. He made his debut at hooker for the RAMS in October.
In May 2015, he was named in the Fiji Warriors team to tour Uruguay in the 2015 mid-year rugby union internationals. He started at Loosehead prop in the first match against Uruguay and kept his place in the starting XV a few days later when the Warriors faced Argentina Jaguars. The Warriors won all their games on tour. He was included in the Fiji side for the 2015 World Rugby Pacific Nations Cup. He came off the bench against the Māori All Blacks in their one-off test. He then came off the bench against Tonga scoring a try in the 73rd minute to seal Fiji a win. He started at Loose-head prop against Samoa a week later. In May 2016, he captained the Fiji Warriors side to a 2 match win against the Uruguay national team during the 2016 mid-year rugby union internationals. The same month he was signed by the Woodlands Rugby Club and would be in the hunt to make the Southland Stags side for the 2016 Mitre 10 Cup.
In July 2016, he was included in the Southland Stags side for the 2016 Mitre 10 Cup. He made his debut against Otago in the first round.
In November 2016, he joined Fiji for the 2016 end-of-year rugby union internationals. He came off the bench against England national rugby union team in the 5th minute after Campese Ma’afu was taken off and gained metres with ball in hand. He then started at loosehead against Japan and played just as well
He signed for Aurillac for the 2016–17 Rugby Pro D2 season playing 12 games and scoring 3 tries and his performance saw him getting signed by Bordeaux-Bègles in the Top 14
He was named in the Fiji team for the 2017 mid-year rugby union internationals as well as the 2017 World Rugby Pacific Nations Cup.
On 23 May 2020, Ravai signs for Top 14 rivals Clermont Auvergne ahead of the 2020-21 season.
References
External links
Fijian rugby union players
1990 births
Living people
Rugby union players from Tailevu Province
Rugby union props
I-Taukei Fijian people
Greater Sydney Rams players
Southland rugby union players
Stade Aurillacois Cantal Auvergne players
Union Bordeaux Bègles players
ASM Clermont Auvergne players
Fiji international rugby union players
Queensland Reds players
2015 Rugby World Cup players
2019 Rugby World Cup players
2023 Rugby World Cup players |
Hans W. Jung OMM, CStJ, (born October 31, 1958) was the 37th Canadian Surgeon General.
Born in South Korea, Jung immigrated to Canada with his family in 1970, at the age of 11. Jung graduated from the University of Toronto with a medical degree in 1984. He also obtained an MA in Leadership from the Royal Roads University, in British Columbia.
Jung joined the Canadian Forces in 1981 while attending medical school. His first posting was to Canadian Forces Base (CFB) Esquimalt, in British Columbia, where he served as the Medical Officer for both the base and HMCS Provider.
Jung was next posted to the Canadian Air Task Group (Middle East) Qatar as the Senior Medical Officer, in 1990. He remained in that posting "throughout the air campaign of the 1991 Persian Gulf War."
After returning to Canada in 1993, Jung was posted to the National Defence Headquarters (NDHQ), Medical Inspection Room, as a medical Detachment Commander. In 1995, he was tasked to Air Command Headquarters in Winnipeg, Manitoba. During his time there he "assumed multiple roles that included the posts of the Command Flight Surgeon and A1 Medical Operations." Jung was subsequently posted to Maritime Forces Pacific Headquarters in Esquimalt, BC, as the Maritime Pacific Surgeon in 1997."
Jung was appointed "Maritime Command Surgeon and Medical Advisor to the Chief of Maritime Staff at NDHQ." in 2000, and the following year, he "assumed responsibilities as Director of Health Services Operations, Director Health Services Personnel and Deputy Surgeon General."
In 2009, Jung was promoted to the rank of Commodore and appointed Surgeon General and Commander Canadian Forces Health Services Group. He remained in that position until 2012, at which time he retired from the military.
After retiring, Jung joined the medical staff of the Veterans Medical Clinic at the Orleans Centrum Medical Centre, in Orleans, Ontario and was appointed to the faculty of Health Sciences Campaign Cabinet at Queen's University. In addition, Jung became a member of the Board of Directors for the Canadian Institute for Military and Veterans Health Research, and the Board of Directors of the Perley and Rideau Veterans' Health Centre. Furthermore, he has served as a member of the Board of Governors for the Royal Military College of Canada.
References
Canadian admirals
Royal Canadian Navy officers
Canadian people of Korean descent
South Korean emigrants to Canada
Living people
Surgeons General of Canada
University of Toronto alumni
1958 births |
Memento Mori is the second studio album from American alternative metal band Gemini Syndrome. Released on August 19, 2016, the work was published by Another Century Records.
Track listing
Charts
References
2016 albums
Gemini Syndrome albums
Albums produced by Kevin Churko
Another Century Records albums |
Beach Read is a 2020 contemporary romance novel by Emily Henry. An audiobook was released by Penguin Random House Audio.
Synopsis
January Andrews is a successful romance novel writer who is struggling after the death of her father and the discovery that he was having an affair. While living in his old beach house to prepare to sell it, she runs into Augustus Everett, her former rival in college and now an acclaimed literary fiction author. They reconnect and bond over struggling with writer’s block; they challenge each other to spend the summer writing a novel in each other’s genres.
Reception
Beach Read was a New York Times Bestseller. It was listed in the Indie Next List for June 2020 and chosen as one of The Oprah Magazine’s 38 Romance Novels That Are Set to Be the Best of 2020. PopSugar named it the Best Romance Book of 2020. The novel was nominated for the Goodreads Choice Award for Best Romance, coming in second place.
Kirkus Reviews called Beach Read a "heartfelt look at taking second chances, in life and in love." A Publishers Weekly review said "Readers are sure to fall hard for this meta, heartfelt take on the romance genre."
In April 2023, it was announced that Beach Read is being adapted into a feature film for 20th Century Studios. Yulin Kuang is set to direct the film.
References
2020 American novels
American romance novels
Contemporary romance novels
Berkley Books books |
Wicks n' More is a candle manufacturer based in Tupelo, Mississippi, United States. Its specialty is hand-poured pillar candles. Founded in 1998, Wicks n More quickly grew to selling their products in over 3,000 stores in the United States by 2007. The company also sells container candles, gift sets, simmer scents and votive candles.
History
The company was founded in 1998 by Beckey Neal and her daughter, Kim. In 1999, a retail store was opened in Tupelo, Mississippi. The company continues to provide the highest quality handmade pillar candles, wax melts and votive candles. Products are available at retail shops across the country as well as on their company website, www.wicksnmore.com.
The factory and outlet store is currently located in Tupelo, Mississippi.
Unexpected publicity
In July 2008, media commentator Rush Limbaugh announced in frustration that he could not find large enough gardenia-scented candles to effectively scent his home. In response, Wicks n' More sent Limbaugh a shipment of large gardenia-scented candles. After Limbaugh mentioned the generosity of Wicks n' More, their internet traffic increased by a factor of ten, and its sales figures increased fivefold.
References
External links
Official site
Companies based in Mississippi
Candles |
Henry James Montagu-Scott, 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton (16 December 1776 – 30 October 1845)
Early life
Lord Henry James Scott was born on 16 December 1776. He was the youngest son of Lady Elizabeth Montagu (1743–1827) and Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch. His elder siblings were Lady Elizabeth Scott (wife of Alexander Home, 10th Earl of Home), Lady Mary Scott (wife of James Stopford, 3rd Earl of Courtown), Charles Montagu-Scott, 4th Duke of Buccleuch, Lady Caroline Scott (wife of Charles Douglas, 6th Marquess of Queensberry). His younger sister was Lady Harriet Scott (wife of William Kerr, 6th Marquess of Lothian).
His paternal grandparents were Francis Scott, Earl of Dalkeith (son of Francis Scott, 2nd Duke of Buccleuch) and the former Caroline Campbell. His maternal grandparents were Lady Mary Montagu and George Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu.
Lord Henry was educated at Eton and St. John's College, Cambridge.
Career
On his maternal grandfather's death in 1790, when the Dukedom of Montagu became extinct, the Barony passed under a special remainder to Lord Henry Scott. Lord Henry also inherited the Lordship of Bowland from his mother, the Duchess, having the title entailed upon him by his nephew, the 5th Duke, in 1827.
In 1823, he was appointed Lord-Lieutenant of Selkirkshire, succeeding Francis Napier, 8th Lord Napier and holding office until his death in 1845.
Personal life
On 22 November 1804, Scott was married to Hon. Jane Margaret Douglas, the daughter of Archibald Douglas, 1st Baron Douglas and, his first wife, Lady Lucy Graham (the daughter of William Graham, 2nd Duke of Montrose and Lady Lucy Manners). Together, they were the parents of four daughters:
Hon. Lucy Elizabeth Montagu-Scott (1805–1877), who married her first cousin, Cospatrick Home, 11th Earl of Home, son of Alexander Home, 10th Earl of Home and Lady Elizabeth Scott.
Mary Margaret Montagu-Scott (1807–1885), who married Lt.-Col. Frederick Clinton, son of Lt.-Gen. Sir William Henry Clinton and Hon. Louisa Dorothea Holroyd (a daughter of John Baker-Holroyd, 1st Earl of Sheffield).
Jane Caroline Montagu-Scott (1808–1846), who died unmarried.
Hon. Caroline Georgiana Montagu-Scott (1811–1891), who married George William Hope, son of Gen. Sir Alexander Hope (a son of son of John Hope, 2nd Earl of Hopetoun) and Georgiana Brown.
Lord Montagu died on 30 October 1845. Upon his death, and with no male issue, the title of Montagu of Boughton became extinct.
References
1776 births
1845 deaths
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Henry
Younger sons of dukes
Lord-Lieutenants of Selkirkshire |
The Barbar Temple is an archaeological site located in the village of Barbar, Bahrain, considered to be part of the Dilmun culture. The most recent of the three Barbar temples was rediscovered by a Danish archaeological team in 1954. A further two temples were discovered on the site with the oldest dating back to 3000 BC. The temples were built of limestone blocks, believed to have been carved out from Jidda Island.
History
The three temples were built atop one another with the second built approximately 500 years later and the third added between 2100 BC and 2000 BC.
It is thought that the temples were constructed to worship the god Enki, the god of wisdom and freshwater, and his wife Nankhur Sak (Ninhursag). The temple contains two altars and a natural water spring that is thought to have held spiritual significance for the worshipers. During the excavation of the site many tools, weapons, pottery and small pieces of gold were found which are now on display in the Bahrain National Museum. The most famous find was a copper bull's head.
The site is on the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Archaeology
The site was discovered by P.V. Glob in 1954. Excavations, by a Danish team
led by Hellmuth Andersen and Peder Mortensen, began that year and
extended until 1962.
The summit of a gravel mound was removed in the winter of 1955 and walls were excavated in February and March 1956.
Work at the site resumed in 2004.
Temple I
Temple I, the earliest temple was built on a rectangular platform approximately 25m long and 16 to 18m wide. This was originally constructed on a bed of clean sand, which appears to have been consolidated by a layer of blue clay. The temple was covered by a second layer of clean sand.
At the foundation of Temple I offerings were deposited in the clay core of the temple terrace and they consisted of dozens of clay goblets found in separate groups each containing seven beakers which were broken and buried within the foundations of the terrace. Also copper objects were deposited in small heaps or singly. In the south-western corner of this early temple, steps led down to a square-built well. The central terrace was preserved in its full height, 2 metres, with the remains of trapezoid shrine in the center and adjoining rooms. This first one was built from local Bahraini stone. The cult features the subterranean shrine, the temple well and the oval sacrificial court.
Temple II
Temple II is most liveable still with retaining walls and terraces stiffs, first stage the oval terrace was built in local stone, but after an enlargement it was built in limestone which must have been carried by boat from nearby Jidda island where stone was hewn out by hand and carefully dressed into remarkably neat masonry blocks. The skill with which this task was carried out may be clearly seen in the temple walls and especially around the sacred well. A double circular altar and an offering table stood in the center of the shrine. To the south were three cult stones shaped like the anchors of the merchant ships. Although the central one bore a protruding animal head, like the altars depicted on the seals. A temple treasure lay in the stone frame pit in the north-east comer. The central terrace was crowned by a shrine built of cut stone with stone paving. Smaller buildings clustered around it covering the rest of the terrace. There were no buildings on the outer oval terrace but altars and cult symbols were visible. A plinth with recessed stone cylinder lay to the south and a plinth with three pillars was situated near the north-west wall. A double row of plinths for cult objects lined both sides of the stairs from the upper terrace. On each of these plinths were two square holes lined with bitumen and sheet copper nailed to wood. Here may have stood copper mounted poles with the emblems of gods, so often seen on the stamp seals, or, perhaps, wooden statues. From the central terrace a ceremonial stairway led to the subterranean shrine where water cult ceremonies took place. Halfway down the stair was a portal, and from there the stair was roofed. The rich natural spring which filled the pool probably accounts for the siting of the temple at Barbar. Water poured from a perforated stone jar beside a semicircular stone font at the threshold of a dry chamber near the basin. From the comers of the shrine deep stone built channels led the water to the surrounding fields and gardens.
This remarkable underground shrine is interpreted as a symbolic , the abode of Enki, the god of wisdom and of all freshwater. The was believed to be the abyss or freshwater ocean upon which the whole world rests. Such temple are mentioned in cuneiform texts in Mesopotamia. East of the temple lay an oval sacrificial court, connected with a central temple platform by a paved ramp and a staircase. The floor of the court was covered with ashes and the bones of cattle and sheep, presumably sacrificed animals.
Temple III
Temple III in use until the early centuries of the second millennium, was larger than its predecessors. Two circular offering tables of finely cut stone with a low altar between them still stand in the middle of the courtyard. Note the three standing stone blocks pierced with a round hold. It is thought that these were tethering points for the sacrificial animals. The third temple's terrace was probably about .
See also
List of archaeological sites in Bahrain
Culture of Bahrain
Cities of the ancient Near East
Notes
References
Buildings and structures completed in the 30th century BC
Ancient Near East temples
Tourism in Bahrain
Archaeological sites in Bahrain |
Ośno (Oschen}}) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kwidzyn, within Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately east of Kwidzyn and south of the regional capital Gdańsk.
References
Villages in Kwidzyn County |
Vima Mică () is a commune in Maramureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Aspra, Dealu Corbului, Jugăstreni (Jávoros), Peteritea (Petőrét), Sălnița (Erdőszállás), Vima Mare (Tordavilma), and Vima Mică.
The commune is located in the southwestern part of the county, on the border with Sălaj County. It lies on the banks of the Lăpuș River, at a distance of from the town of Târgu Lăpuș and from the county seat, Baia Mare.
References
Communes in Maramureș County
Localities in Transylvania |
Testbook is an Indian educational technology company, headquartered in Mumbai, India. Founded in January 2014 by a group of IIT Bombay and IIT Delhi alumni, Testbook prepares students for various competitive exams such as GATE, State PSC, SBI PO, IBPS PO, UPSC IAS Exam, Engineering Recruitment Exams, and SSC Exams.
History
Testbook was established in January 2014 by Ashutosh Kumar, Narendra Agrawal, Manoj Munna, and Praveen Agrawal, all of whom are alumni of Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs).
The company raised INR 1.5 crore (equivalent to under $250,000) in funding from LetsVenture and Ah! Ventures in 2014. In 2017, Testbook secured series A funding from Matrix Partners. Prior to this, Testbook had also received funding from S. Chand and Utsav Somani of AngelList, among other investors. In 2020, Testbook raised another INR 60 Cr ($8.3 Mn) from Iron Pillar.
Testbook has partnerships with educational institutions, including the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), IIT Madras, IIT Ropar, and IIT Gandhinagar.
Awards
National Startup Awards in the Education & Skill Development Sector category awarded by Union Minister Piyush Goyal in 2020.
Best Emerging Enterprise Enabling Employment in India award in 2022.
References
External links
Indian educational websites
Educational technology companies
Education companies of India
Test preparation companies
Indian companies established in 2014 |
Ben Ames Williams (March 7, 1889 – February 4, 1953) was an American novelist and writer of short stories; he wrote hundreds of short stories and over 30 novels. Among his novels are Come Spring (1940), Leave Her to Heaven (1944) House Divided (1947), and The Unconquered (1953). He was published in many magazines, but the majority of his stories appeared in The Saturday Evening Post.
Early life
Williams was born on March 7, 1889, in Macon, Mississippi, to Daniel Webster Williams and Sarah Marshall Ames. He was the grand-nephew of Confederate General James Longstreet.
Just after his birth, he and his parents moved to Jackson, Ohio. As his father was owner and editor of the Jackson Standard Journal, he grew up around writing, printing, and editing. In high school he worked for the Journal, doing grunt work in the beginning and eventually writing and editing. He attended Dartmouth College and upon graduation in 1910 was offered a job teaching English at a boys' school in Connecticut. He telegraphed his father seeking career advice, but his handwriting was terrible and the telegraph company clerk mistook "teaching" for "traveling", and the father, not wanting his son to become a traveling businessman, advised him not to take the job. Richard Cary says it later saved Williams from "a purgatory of grading endless, immature English 'themes'" and propelled him "toward a career as one of the most popular storytellers of his time".
After graduation, he took a job reporting for the Boston American. Williams worked hard reporting for the local newspaper, but only did this for income; his heart lay with magazine fiction. Each night he worked on his fiction writing with the aspiration that one day, his stories would support himself, his wife, Florence Talpey, and their children, Roger, Ben, and Penelope.
Career
Williams first publications were The Wings of 'Lias in Smith's Magazine in July 1915, and on August 23, 1915 in The Popular Magazine with his short story, Deep Stuff. After this, his popularity slowly grew. On April 14, 1917, the Saturday Evening Post picked up one of Williams' stories, titled The Mate of the Susie Oakes. Richard Cary has highlighted the privilege of being printed in the pages of this mammoth magazine: "The Saturday Evening Post represented an Olympus of a sort to him and his contemporaries. To be gathered into its pantheon of authors, to be accepted three or five or eight (and eventually twenty-one) times in a year constituted "a seal of approval and a personal vindication", and it certainly helped his career. One of his stories in 1926 included a notorious mathematical puzzle known as the monkey and the coconuts, which provoked an outpouring of 2,000 letters to the Post asking for a solution to the problem. He published 135 short stories, 35 serials, and seven articles for the Post during a period of 24 years. After the Post took him, other magazines began eagerly seeking Williams to submit his fiction to their magazines.
Although there generally is not a common theme running through Williams' work, the pieces he contributed to the Saturday Evening Post tended to be focused on the business environment. Such stories of his as "His Public" complemented the business slant of the Post. Williams became "identified in later years with rural Maine" because so many of his stories were set there. He owned a summer home there, and grew fond of the land because he spent so much of his free time in Maine with friend A.L. McCorrison. Williams is perhaps most famous for creating the fictional town of Fraternity, located in rural Maine. 125 of his short stories were set in Fraternity, and they were most popular in the Post, though George Horace Lorimer was always upset that there was too much character and not enough plot in these stories
Film adaptations
A number of his novels were turned into films, the more popular of these being Leave Her to Heaven (1945), The Strange Woman (1946), and All the Brothers Were Valiant; the latter was made twice, first in 1923 and again in 1953. His writing traversed a wide range of genres and evinced considerable expertise in a number of divergent fields. Other films based on the writing of Williams are After His Own Heart (1919), Jubilo, Jr (1927), Too Busy to Work (1932), Small Town Girl (1936), Adventure's End (1937) and Johnny Trouble (1957).
Later years
The mid-1920s were the peak of Williams' short-story-writing career. In 1926, he published an impressive 21 stories in the Saturday Evening Post in addition to the stories he published in other magazines that same year. There were two main factors contributing to his slow fade from the spotlight: the Great Depression and the trend toward shorter fiction, a tough mold for the often-verbose Williams. This transition from magazine culture enabled him to focus on novel-writing.
Williams also edited and annotated the diary of Mary Boykin Chesnut (1823–1886), a Confederate wife; although others had published shorter editions, his version, titled A Diary from Dixie, was the most comprehensive edition for several decades. Recent commentators have noted that "his lack of scholarly acumen was alternately hailed by reviewers and lamented by academic critics, but Williams's work on the edition signaled his unwavering immersion in Civil War history." Steven Stowe of Indiana University explained that "Ben Ames Williams, a writer of popular fiction, brought out an edition of Chesnut’s diary in 1949, now known as one of the most extravagant escapades of editorial overreaching."
Ben Ames Williams died on February 4, 1953, in Brookline, Massachusetts after suffering a heart attack while participating in a curling contest at the Brookline Country Club. He was survived by his wife, three children, and his mother. His wife survived to 1970, and self-published a biography of her husband.
Selected list of novels published
All the Brothers Were Valiant (1919)
The Sea Bride (1920)
The Great Accident (1920)
Evered (1921)
Black Pawl (1922)
Money Musk (1922) (Republished as Lady in Peril)
Sangsue (1923)
Audacity (1924)
The Whaler (1924)
The Rational Hand (1925)
The Silver Forest (1926)
Immortal Longings (1927)
Splendor (1928)
The Dreadful Night (1928)
Death on Scurvy Street (1929)
Touchstone (1930)
Great Oaks (1931)
An End to Mirth (1931)
Pirate's Purchase (1931)
Honeyflow (1932)
Pascal's Mill (1933)
Mischief (1933)
Small Town Girl (1935)
Crucible (1937)
Thread of Scarlet (1939)
The Happy End (1939)
Come Spring (1940)
The Strange Woman (1941)
Deep Waters (1942)
Time Of Peace (1942)
Amateurs At War Edited (1943)
Leave Her to Heaven (1944)
It's a Free Country (1945)
House Divided (1947)
Owen Glen (1950)
The Unconquered (1953)
The Strange Woman and Leave Her to Heaven were published as Armed Services Editions for distribution to servicemen and women serving overseas during World War II.
References
Further reading
Williams, Florence Talpey. 'About Ben Ames Williams", Colby Library Quarterly 6 (Sep 1963): 302–327.
Yokelson, Joseph B. "Ben Ames Williams: Pastoral Moralist", Colby Library Quarterly 6 (Sep 1963): 278–292.
External links
The Papers of Ben Ames Williams at Dartmouth College Library
1889 births
1953 deaths
20th-century American novelists
American male novelists
People from Macon, Mississippi
People from Jackson, Ohio
Novelists from Ohio
Place of death missing
20th-century American male writers
Novelists from Mississippi |
An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Youth Criminal Justice Act and other Acts and to make consequential amendments to other Acts is a statute passed by the Parliament of Canada. It formerly was known as Bill C-75. Some (if not all) provisions of the Act came into force on 19 September 2019.
It made the headlines when Justice Andrew Goodman of the Ontario Superior Court at trial ruled that the Act had effectively infringed on an indigenous defendant's Charter Rights under Section 7. The first Trudeau administration had meant the Act to redress the power of defendants to dismiss potential jurors as part of their peremptory challenge rights granted as early as 1215 in the Magna Charta document. This was perceived by the Trudeau administration as needless discrimination and thus, in the 21st-century scramble to equalize society, needed to be stricken from collective memory. The need to rectify the law had become apparent to Liberal watchers of the death of Colten Boushie as a result of his 9 August 2016 trespass on the farm of Gerald Stanley, when they perceived racism to be evident in Stanley's 9 February 2018 acquittal. The OSC case is known as R v Dale King. A learned commentator wrote, before the 19 September implementation, that the elimination of peremptory challenges "defeats the intended purpose".
References
Canadian federal legislation
42nd Canadian Parliament
2019 in Canadian politics
Canadian criminal law
2019 in Canadian law
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Human rights in Canada |
Lorens Pasch the Elder, sometimes spelled Lorentz or Lorenz (March 1702, Stockholm - 27 April 1766, Stockholm) was a Swedish portrait painter.
Biography
His father was the decorative painter and village Elder, Danckwardt Pasch (1660-1727), who originally came from Lübeck. His brothers, Danckwardt Pasch the Younger (1690-1759) and Johan Pasch also became painters, as did his children, Lorens Pasch the Younger and Ulrika Pasch.
He originally studied decorative painting with his father. In 1714, he became a student of David von Krafft and, in 1721, went to London, which was then attracting many Scandinavian artists. There, he was introduced to the art community by his fellow Swedes, Michael Dahl and Hans Hysing. He was one of the last students of the German-born painter, Godfrey Kneller, who was by then a British citizen. He returned to Stockholm in 1728, after his father's death, due to disputes involving inheritance.
Two years later, he married Anna Helena Beckman (1706-1756), the daughter of a local official. They settled into a home in the Norrmalm district. He soon became one of Stockholm's most reputable portrait painters. Much of his work shows the influence of William Hogarth, although he is also credited with helping to introduce the Rococo style into Sweden.
In the 1740s, his reputation began to fade, styles changed, and other portraitists became more favored, so he reluctantly began to produce paintings quickly at low prices. During this time, he trained his children as artists and may have taught others as well including, possibly, Johan Stålbom and . He became ill in his final years and was nursed by his daughter until his death in 1766.
Many of his most notable portraits are on display at the Nationalmuseum.
References
Other Sources
Svensk uppslagsbok. Malmö 1931.
External links
More works by Pasch @ ArtNet
1702 births
1766 deaths
Swedish portrait painters
18th-century Swedish painters
18th-century Swedish male artists
Swedish male painters
Lorens |
The second inauguration of Elpidio Quirino as the sixth president of the Philippines took place on December 30, 1949, at the Independence Grandstand in Manila. The inauguration marked the commencement of the second term (and only full four-year term) of Elpidio Quirino as president and the first four-year term of Fernando Lopez as Vice President. The chief justice of the Supreme Court, administered the oath of office.
References
1949 in the Philippines
Presidency of Elpidio Quirino
Quirino, Elpidio |
Lynn Kellogg (April 2, 1943 – November 12, 2020) was an American actress and singer.
Biography
Kellogg was perhaps best known for her role as Sheila in the original Broadway production of Hair in 1968. She also appeared in the 1969 film Charro! with Elvis Presley.
In Feb/1972 Kellogg traveled to Vietnam with Sammy Davis Jr and other performers where they performed a USO Show on several US bases in South Vietnam for the US military troops.
She subsequently worked in children's television and was a performer of contemporary Christian music. She developed the educational series Animals, Animals, Animals, which aired from 1976 to 1981, and won both Emmy and Peabody Awards.
Death
Kellogg died from complications of COVID-19 at a St. Louis hospital on November 12, 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Missouri. She was 77. Her husband said she was infected after attending a gathering in Branson, Missouri, in which most attendants did not wear masks. At the time of her death, she also had a non-terminal form of leukemia, which had affected her vascular system.
Filmography
The Edge of Night
The Beverly Hillbillies (1966) (Bird Watcher #6) (as Lynn Ketchum)
Charro! (1969) (Marcie)
It Takes a Thief (1968 TV series) (1970) (Gabriella)
Mission: Impossible (1966 TV series) (1970) (Roxy)
References
External links
1943 births
2020 deaths
20th-century American actresses
20th-century American women singers
21st-century American actresses
21st-century American women singers
Actresses from Wisconsin
American performers of Christian music
American musical theatre actresses
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Missouri
People from Appleton, Wisconsin
Singers from Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
20th-century American singers
21st-century American singers |
```c++
//
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#include "paddle/phi/kernels/sparse_weight_embedding_grad_kernel.h"
#include "paddle/phi/backends/cpu/cpu_context.h"
#include "paddle/phi/common/data_type.h"
#include "paddle/phi/core/kernel_registry.h"
#include "paddle/phi/core/utils/data_type.h"
#include "paddle/phi/kernels/funcs/embedding_util.h"
namespace phi {
template <typename T, typename Context>
struct SparseWeightEmbeddingGradCPUFunctor {
SparseWeightEmbeddingGradCPUFunctor(const Context& dev_ctx,
const DenseTensor& input,
const SelectedRows& weight,
const DenseTensor& out_grad,
int64_t padding_idx,
DenseTensor* weight_grad)
: dev_ctx_(dev_ctx),
input_(input),
weight_(weight),
out_grad_(out_grad),
weight_grad_(weight_grad),
padding_idx_(padding_idx) {}
template <typename IdT>
void apply() {
DDim table_dim = weight_.dims();
auto ids = CopyIdsToVector<IdT, int64_t>(input_);
auto ids_num = static_cast<int64_t>(ids.size());
// Since paddings are not trainable and fixed in forward, the gradient of
// paddings makes no sense and we don't deal with it in backward.
{
auto* d_output = &out_grad_;
// auto d_table = weight_grad_;
auto* ids_data = ids.data();
int64_t N = table_dim[0];
int64_t D = table_dim[1];
auto* d_output_data = d_output->template data<T>();
dev_ctx_.template Alloc<T>(weight_grad_);
auto* d_table_data = weight_grad_->data<T>();
memset(d_table_data, 0, weight_grad_->numel() * sizeof(T));
for (int64_t i = 0; i < ids_num; ++i) {
if (padding_idx_ != kNoPadding && ids_data[i] == padding_idx_) {
// the gradient of padding_idx should be 0, already done by memset, so
// do nothing.
} else {
PADDLE_ENFORCE_LT(
ids_data[i],
N,
common::errors::InvalidArgument(
"Variable value (input) of "
"OP(paddle.nn.functional.embedding) "
"expected >= 0 and < %ld, but got %ld. Please check input "
"value.",
N,
ids_data[i]));
PADDLE_ENFORCE_GE(
ids_data[i],
0,
common::errors::InvalidArgument(
"Variable value (input) of "
"OP(paddle.nn.functional.embedding) "
"expected >= 0 and < %ld, but got %ld. Please check input "
"value.",
N,
ids_data[i]));
for (int j = 0; j < D; ++j) {
d_table_data[ids_data[i] * D + j] += d_output_data[i * D + j];
}
}
}
}
}
private:
const Context& dev_ctx_;
const DenseTensor& input_;
const SelectedRows& weight_;
const DenseTensor& out_grad_;
DenseTensor* weight_grad_;
int64_t padding_idx_;
};
template <typename T, typename Context>
struct SparseWeightEmbeddingSparseGradCPUFunctor {
SparseWeightEmbeddingSparseGradCPUFunctor(const Context& dev_ctx,
const DenseTensor& input,
const SelectedRows& weight,
const DenseTensor& out_grad,
int64_t padding_idx,
SelectedRows* weight_grad)
: dev_ctx_(dev_ctx),
input_(input),
weight_(weight),
out_grad_(out_grad),
weight_grad_(weight_grad),
padding_idx_(padding_idx) {}
template <typename IdT>
void apply() {
DDim table_dim = weight_.dims();
auto ids = CopyIdsToVector<IdT, int64_t>(input_);
auto ids_num = static_cast<int64_t>(ids.size());
// Since paddings are not trainable and fixed in forward, the gradient of
// paddings makes no sense and we don't deal with it in backward.
auto* d_table = weight_grad_;
auto* d_output = &out_grad_;
d_table->set_rows(ids);
auto* d_table_value = d_table->mutable_value();
d_table_value->Resize({ids_num, table_dim[1]});
dev_ctx_.template Alloc<T>(d_table_value);
d_table->set_height(table_dim[0]);
auto* d_output_data = d_output->template data<T>();
auto* d_table_data = d_table_value->template data<T>();
auto d_output_dims = d_output->dims();
auto d_output_dims_2d =
common::flatten_to_2d(d_output_dims, d_output_dims.size() - 1);
PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(d_table_value->dims(),
d_output_dims_2d,
common::errors::InvalidArgument(
"ShapeError: The shape of lookup_table@Grad and "
"output@Grad should be same. "
"But received lookup_table@Grad's shape = [%s], "
"output@Grad's shape = [%s].",
d_table_value->dims(),
d_output_dims_2d));
memcpy(d_table_data, d_output_data, sizeof(T) * d_output->numel());
}
private:
const Context& dev_ctx_;
const DenseTensor& input_;
const SelectedRows& weight_;
const DenseTensor& out_grad_;
SelectedRows* weight_grad_;
int64_t padding_idx_;
};
template <typename T, typename Context>
void SparseWeightEmbeddingGradKernel(const Context& ctx,
const DenseTensor& input,
const SelectedRows& weight,
const DenseTensor& out_grad,
int64_t padding_idx,
DenseTensor* weight_grad) {
SparseWeightEmbeddingGradCPUFunctor<T, Context> functor(
ctx, input, weight, out_grad, padding_idx, weight_grad);
if (input.dtype() == phi::DataType::INT32) {
functor.template apply<int>();
} else if (input.dtype() == phi::DataType::INT64) {
functor.template apply<int64_t>();
} else {
PADDLE_THROW(common::errors::Unimplemented(
"emebdding input only support int32 and int64"));
}
}
template <typename T, typename Context>
void SparseWeightEmbeddingSparseGradKernel(const Context& ctx,
const DenseTensor& input,
const SelectedRows& weight,
const DenseTensor& out_grad,
int64_t padding_idx,
SelectedRows* weight_grad) {
SparseWeightEmbeddingSparseGradCPUFunctor<T, Context> functor(
ctx, input, weight, out_grad, padding_idx, weight_grad);
if (input.dtype() == phi::DataType::INT32) {
functor.template apply<int>();
} else if (input.dtype() == phi::DataType::INT64) {
functor.template apply<int64_t>();
} else {
PADDLE_THROW(common::errors::Unimplemented(
"emebdding input only support int32 and int64"));
}
}
} // namespace phi
PD_REGISTER_KERNEL(sparse_weight_embedding_grad,
CPU,
ALL_LAYOUT,
phi::SparseWeightEmbeddingGradKernel,
float,
double,
phi::dtype::bfloat16) {}
PD_REGISTER_KERNEL(sparse_weight_embedding_sparse_grad,
CPU,
ALL_LAYOUT,
phi::SparseWeightEmbeddingSparseGradKernel,
float,
double,
phi::dtype::bfloat16) {}
``` |
The 2008–09 Elitserien season was the 34th season of Elitserien. It began on September 15, 2008, with the regular season ending February 28, 2009. The playoffs of the 85th Swedish Championship ended on April 8, with Färjestads BK taking the championship. The season started earlier than previous seasons due to the 2009 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships in Switzerland had been scheduled earlier than normal.
League business
The match start time for Saturday matches was changed to start at 16:00 local time (UTC+1) instead of 15:00 as in previous seasons.
Regular season
Djurgårdens IF changed their arena for home matches from Stockholm Globe Arena to Hovet. Also, Rögle BK changed to a new arena, Lindab Arena in Ängelholm.
The first goal of the season was scored by Lars Eller of Frölunda HC in Jönköping against HV71.
In the end of the regular season, Peter Forsberg played three games for Modo Hockey, totalling 3 points.
The top team: Färjestads BK, Linköpings HC, Frölunda HC, HV71, Luleå HF, Skellefteå AIK, Brynäs IF, and Timrå IK advanced to the playoffs. Whereas the bottom two teams advanced to the 2008-09 Kvalserien.
Final standings
GP = Games Played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, OTW = Overtime Wins, OTL = Overtime Losses, GF = Goals For, GA = Goals Against, Pts = Points
Game log
|-
|7||Monday, September 15||HV71||6–2||Frölunda HC||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|rowspan="6"|1||rowspan="6"|Thursday, September 18||Skellefteå AIK||5–4 (OT)||Rögle BK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,483
|-
|Timrå IK||6–5||HV71||E.ON Arena||5,414
|-
|Brynäs IF||3–2 (OT)||Färjestads BK||Läkerol Arena||6,365
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||2–1||Luleå HF||Hovet||6,748
|-
|Södertälje SK||2–1||Frölunda HC||AXA Sports Center||4,549
|-
|Linköpings HC||4–2||Modo Hockey||Cloetta Center||7,148
|-
|rowspan="5"|2||rowspan="4"|Saturday, September 20||Luleå HF||3–2||Skellefteå AIK||COOP Arena||5,600
|-
|Modo Hockey||2–2||Södertälje SK||Swedbank Arena||6,772
|-
|Frölunda HC||1–2||Linköpings HC||Scandinavium||10,314
|-
|Rögle BK||4–1||Färjestads BK||Lindab Arena||5,095
|-
|rowspan="1"|Sunday, September 21||HV71||1–3||Brynäs IF||Kinnarps Arena||6,893
|-
|rowspan="6"|3||rowspan="3"|Monday, September 22||Timrå IK||3–2 (OT)||Frölunda HC||E.ON Arena||5,337
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||4–5||Linköpings HC||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||4,568
|-
|Färjestads BK||2–0||Luleå HF||Löfbergs Lila Arena||5,447
|-
|rowspan="3"|Tuesday, September 23||Rögle BK||1–3||Modo Hockey||Lindab Arena||4,933
|-
|Brynäs IF||1–4||Djurgårdens IF||Läkerol Arena||5,211
|-
|Södertälje SK||3–3||HV71||AXA Sports Center||3,318
|-
|rowspan="6"|4||rowspan="6"|Thursday, September 25||Luleå HF||3–4 (OT)||Rögle BK||COOP Arena||4,012
|-
|Brynäs IF||3–2||Timrå IK||Läkerol Arena||4,191
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||2–5||Färjestads BK||Hovet||6,093
|-
|Linköpings HC||3–3||Södertälje SK||Cloetta Center||6,458
|-
|HV71||0–3||Skellefteå AIK||Kinnarps Arena||6,914
|-
|Frölunda HC||3–2 (OT)||Modo Hockey||Scandinavium||10,159
|-
|rowspan="6"|5||rowspan="6"|Saturday, September 27||Luleå HF||2–3||HV71||COOP Arena||3,857
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||3–1||Södertälje SK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,184
|-
|Modo Hockey||6–3||Djurgårdens IF||Swedbank Arena||7,021
|-
|Rögle BK||3–4||Brynäs IF||Lindab Arena||4,806
|-
|Linköpings HC||4–5||Timrå IK||Cloetta Center||6,940
|-
|Färjestads BK||2–1||Frölunda HC||Löfbergs Lila Arena||7,483
|-
|rowspan="6"|6||rowspan="3"|Monday, September 29||HV71||1–3||Linköpings HC||Kinnarps Arena||6,965
|-
|Frölunda HC||4–1||Rögle BK||Scandinavium||10,297
|-
|Brynäs IF||5–4||Modo Hockey||Läkerol Arena||5,574
|-
|rowspan="3"|Tuesday, September 30||Timrå IK||3–1||Luleå HF||E.ON Arena||5,241
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||3–2 (OT)||Skellefteå AIK||Hovet||5,113
|-
|Södertälje SK||0–2||Färjestads BK||AXA Sports Center||3,757
|-
|-
|rowspan="5"|7||rowspan="5"|Thursday, October 2||Rögle BK||4–1||Södertälje SK||Lindab Arena||4,008
|-
|Linköpings HC||3–2 (OT)||Djurgårdens IF||Cloetta Center||6,778
|-
|Modo Hockey||4–3||Timrå IK||Swedbank Arena||7,410
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||3–0||Färjestads BK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,148
|-
|Luleå HF||2–4||Brynäs IF||COOP Arena||3,864
|-
|rowspan="4"|8||rowspan="5"|Saturday, October 4||Brynäs IF||2–0||Linköpings HC||Läkerol Arena||7,287
|-
|Timrå IK||4–5||Rögle BK||E.ON Arena||5,306
|-
|Södertälje SK||4–3 (OT)||Luleå HF||AXA Sports Center||4,077
|-
|Färjestads BK||1–3||Modo Hockey||Löfbergs Lila Arena||6,131
|-
|rowspan="1"|20||HV71||3–2||Djurgårdens IF||Kinnarps Arena||6,908
|-
|8||Sunday, October 5||Frölunda HC||2–1||Skellefteå AIK||Scandinavium||11,488
|-
|10||Monday, October 6||Linköpings HC||4–1||Luleå HF||Cloetta Center||5,611
|-
|2||Tuesday, October 7||Djurgårdens IF||2–1||Timrå IK||Hovet||5,828
|-
|rowspan="6"|9||rowspan="6"|Thursday, October 9||Luleå HF||8–2||Frölunda HC||COOP Arena||4,180
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||5–2||Brynäs IF||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,296
|-
|Modo Hockey||1–5||HV71||Swedbank Arena||6,024
|-
|Rögle BK||3–3||Djurgårdens IF||Lindab Arena||4,973
|-
|Södertälje SK||5–2||Timrå IK||AXA Sports Center||3,219
|-
|Färjestads BK||0–3||Linköpings HC||Löfbergs Lila Arena||5,125
|-
|rowspan="5"|10||rowspan="5"|Saturday, October 11||Timrå IK||4–6||Färjestads BK||E.ON Arena||4,961
|-
|HV71||3–2 (OT)||Rögle BK||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||1–5||Frölunda HC||Hovet||6,055
|-
|Brynäs IF||1–0||Södertälje SK||Läkerol Arena||6,578
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||4–2||Modo Hockey||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,820
|-
|rowspan="6"|11||rowspan="3"|Monday, October 13||Timrå IK||3–2 (OT)||Skellefteå AIK||E.ON Arena||4,889
|-
|Södertälje SK||2–4||Djurgårdens IF||AXA Sports Center||4,611
|-
|Frölunda HC||1–1||Brynäs IF||Scandinavium||11,188
|-
|rowspan="3"|Tuesday, October 14||Färjestads BK||4–2||HV71||Löfbergs Lila Arena||6,023
|-
|Rögle BK||3–2||Linköpings HC||Lindab Arena||4,764
|-
|Modo Hockey||3–2 (OT)||Luleå HF||Swedbank Arena||5,809
|-
|rowspan="6"|12||rowspan="6"|Thursday, October 16||HV71||2–1 (OT)||Timrå IK||Kinnarps Arena||6,849
|-
|Linköpings HC||4–0||Färjestads BK||Cloetta Center||8,040
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||2–1 (OT)||Rögle BK||Hovet||4,679
|-
|Brynäs IF||5–1||Skellefteå AIK||Läkerol Arena||5,197
|-
|Modo Hockey||3–2||Frölunda HC||Swedbank Arena||5,492
|-
|Luleå HF||6–2||Södertälje SK||COOP Arena||5,340
|-
|rowspan="6"|13||rowspan="6"|Saturday, October 18||Skellefteå AIK||4–1||Luleå HF||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||6,001
|-
|Frölunda HC||5–3||HV71||Scandinavium||12,044
|-
|Färjestads BK||5–1||Brynäs IF||Löfbergs Lila Arena||7,144
|-
|Södertälje SK||2–3 (OT)||Modo Hockey||AXA Sports Center||3,801
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||3–1||Linköpings HC||Hovet||5,657
|-
|Rögle BK||5–1||Timrå IK||Lindab Arena||4,837
|-
|14||rowspan="2"|Tuesday, October 21||Frölunda HC||2–2||Färjestads BK||Scandinavium||11,715
|-
|8||HV71||2–2||Djurgårdens IF||Kinnarps Arena||6,987
|-
|rowspan="5"|14||rowspan="5"|Thursday, October 23||HV71||6–3||Södertälje SK||Kinnarps Arena||6,851
|-
|Rögle BK||1–2||Skellefteå AIK||Lindab Arena||4,801
|-
|Timrå IK||3–1||Brynäs IF||E.ON Arena||5,540
|-
|Modo Hockey||3–5||Linköpings HC||Swedbank Arena||5,514
|-
|Luleå HF||4–5 (OT)||Djurgårdens IF||COOP Arena||5,501
|-
|rowspan="6"|15||rowspan="6"|Saturday, October 25||Färjestads BK||2–3||Rögle BK||Löfbergs Lila Arena||6,788
|-
|Södertälje SK||2–3||Skellefteå AIK||AXA Sports Center||4,515
|-
|HV71||2–5||Modo Hockey||Kinnarps Arena||7,020
|-
|Brynäs IF||2–4||Luleå HF||Läkerol Arena||8,180
|-
|Linköpings HC||2–3 (OT)||Frölunda HC||Cloetta Center||8,500
|-
|Timrå IK||3–2 (OT)||Djurgårdens IF||E.ON Arena||5,373
|-
|rowspan="6"|16||rowspan="3"|Monday, October 27||Linköpings HC||1–2 (OT)||HV71||Cloetta Center||8,500
|-
|Luleå HF||1–0||Färjestads BK||COOP Arena||5,207
|-
|Rögle BK||6–3||Frölunda HC||Lindab Arena||5,040
|-
|rowspan="3"|Tuesday, October 28||Djurgårdens IF||3–5||Södertälje SK||Hovet||7,483
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||3–4 (OT)||Timrå IK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,751
|-
|Modo Hockey||6–0||Brynäs IF||Swedbank Arena||6,506
|-
|rowspan="6"|17||rowspan="6"|Thursday, October 30||Färjestads BK||2–1||Djurgårdens IF||Löfbergs Lila Arena||7,652
|-
|Södertälje SK||4–5 (OT)||Linköpings HC||AXA Sports Center||3,855
|-
|Frölunda HC||3–1||Luleå HF||Scandinavium||11,537
|-
|Brynäs IF||1–2||Rögle BK||Läkerol Arena||5,801
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||5–1||HV71||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,665
|-
|Timrå IK||0–4||Modo Hockey||E.ON Arena||6,000
|-
|-
|rowspan="5"|18||rowspan="5"|Saturday, November 1||Luleå HF||5–1||Timrå IK||COOP Arena||4,650
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||3–6||Frölunda HC||Hovet||6,345
|-
|HV71||4–3||Färjestads BK||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Södertälje SK||4–1||Brynäs IF||AXA Sports Center||4,682
|-
|Modo Hockey||2–3||Rögle BK||Swedbank Arena||6,962
|-
|rowspan="6"|19||rowspan="6"|Monday, November 3||Timrå IK||2–3||Linköpings HC||E.ON Arena||4,817
|-
|Modo Hockey||4–3||Djurgårdens IF||Swedbank Arena||5,444
|-
|Brynäs IF||4–3 (OT)||HV71||Läkerol Arena||4,408
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||1–3||Frölunda HC||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,252
|-
|Färjestads BK||2–2||Södertälje SK||Löfbergs Lila Arena||6,100
|-
|Rögle BK||3–5||Luleå HF||Lindab Arena||4,920
|-
|18||Monday, November 10||Linköpings HC||5–3||Skellefteå AIK||Cloetta Center||6,168
|-
|31||Tuesday, November 11||Djurgårdens IF||7–0||Modo Hockey||Hovet||5,793
|-
|rowspan="5"|20||rowspan="5"|Thursday, November 13||Linköpings HC||3–1||Brynäs IF||Cloetta Center||8,237
|-
|Frölunda HC||0–2||Timrå IK||Scandinavium||11,020
|-
|Färjestads BK||5–2||Skellefteå AIK||Löfbergs Lila Arena||5,488
|-
|Södertälje SK||3–2||Rögle BK||AXA Sports Center||3,895
|-
|Luleå HF||3–2||Modo Hockey||COOP Arena||4,958
|-
|rowspan="6"|21||rowspan="6"|Saturday, November 15||Rögle BK||1–2||HV71||Lindab Arena||5,043
|-
|Brynäs IF||2–1||Frölunda HC||Läkerol Arena||7,974
|-
|Timrå IK||2–0||Södertälje SK||E.ON Arena||5,332
|-
|Färjestads BK||5–2||Modo Hockey||Löfbergs Lila Arena||7,213
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||2–2||Djurgårdens IF||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,636
|-
|Luleå HF||3–1||Linköpings HC||COOP Arena||4,964
|-
|rowspan="6"|22||rowspan="3"|Monday, November 17||Frölunda HC||3–2||Södertälje SK||Scandinavium||11,248
|-
|Linköpings HC||3–1||Rögle BK||Cloetta Center||6,565
|-
|Modo Hockey||0–6||Skellefteå AIK||Swedbank Arena||7,539
|-
|rowspan="3"|Tuesday, November 18||HV71||1–1||Luleå HF||Kinnarps Arena||7,013
|-
|Färjestads BK||2–0||Timrå IK||Löfbergs Lila Arena||5,186
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||2–4||Brynäs IF||Hovet||7,131
|-
|rowspan="6"|23||rowspan="6"|Thursday, November 20||Rögle BK||3–0||Modo Hockey||Lindab Arena||4,384
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||1–4||Frölunda HC||Hovet||4,227
|-
|Brynäs IF||2–2||Färjestads BK||Läkerol Arena||5,521
|-
|Timrå IK||3–2 (OT)||Luleå HF||E.ON Arena||5,140
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||2–4||Linköpings HC||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,277
|-
|Södertälje SK||2–3 (OT)||HV71||AXA Sports Center||3,526
|-
|rowspan="6"|24||rowspan="6"|Saturday, November 22||Linköpings HC||2–6||Timrå IK||Cloetta Center||7,632
|-
|HV71||3–4 (OT)||Skellefteå AIK||Kinnarps Arena||6,951
|-
|Färjestads BK||0–2||Frölunda HC||Löfbergs Lila Arena||8,250
|-
|Rögle BK||4–3||Djurgårdens IF||Lindab Arena||4,675
|-
|Luleå HF||3–3||Brynäs IF||COOP Arena||5,105
|-
|Modo Hockey||3–0||Södertälje SK||Swedbank Arena||5,971
|-
|rowspan="6"|25||rowspan="3"|Monday, November 24||Brynäs IF||1–0||Södertälje SK||Löfbergs Lila Arena||3,978
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||4–2||Timrå IK||Hovet||3,319
|-
|Luleå HF||1–1||HV71||COOP Arena||4,378
|-
|rowspan="3"|Tuesday, November 25||Frölunda HC||5–0||Rögle BK||Scandinavium||11,011
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||3–2 (OT)||Färjestads BK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||4,531
|-
|Linköpings HC||1–5||Modo Hockey||Cloetta Center||6,889
|-
|rowspan="6"|26||rowspan="6"|Thursday, November 27||HV71||2–3 (OT)||Frölunda HC||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Modo Hockey||3–7||Luleå HF||Swedbank Arena||6,151
|-
|Timrå IK||4–3||Skellefteå AIK||E.ON Arena||5,396
|-
|Rögle BK||4–3||Brynäs IF||Lindab Arena||4,744
|-
|Södertälje SK||4–1||Djurgårdens IF||AXA Sports Center||3,926
|-
|Färjestads BK||4–1||Linköpings HC||Löfbergs Lila Arena||5,482
|-
|rowspan="6"|27||rowspan="5"|Saturday, November 29||Modo Hockey||3–4||Färjestads BK||Swedbank Arena||7,029
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||1–5||HV71||Hovet||6,092
|-
|Brynäs IF||2–1||Timrå IK||Läkerol Arena||7,066
|-
|Luleå HF||5–3||Rögle BK||COOP Arena||5,191
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||4–3||Södertälje SK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,163
|-
||Sunday, November 30||Frölunda HC||0–5||Linköpings HC||Scandinavium||11,061
|-
|-
|rowspan="5"|28||rowspan="3"|Monday, December 1||Södertälje SK||3–1||Färjestads BK||AXA Sports Center||3,141
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||2–2||Brynäs IF||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||4,704
|-
|HV71||3–2||Rögle BK||Kinnarps Arena||6,865
|-
|rowspan="2"|Tuesday, December 2||Linköpings HC||3–3||Djurgårdens IF||Cloetta Center||6,978
|-
|Luleå HF||2–1||Frölunda HC||COOP Arena||5,005
|-
|rowspan="6"|29||rowspan="6"|Thursday, December 4||Färjestads BK||5–3||Luleå HF||Löfbergs Lila Arena||5,254
|-
|Brynäs IF||2–1 (OT)||Linköpings HC||Läkerol Arena||4,882
|-
|Timrå IK||3–2 (OT)||HV71||E.ON Arena||5,409
|-
|Rögle BK||4–5 (OT)||Södertälje SK||Lindab Arena||4,534
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||0–2||Skellefteå AIK||Hovet||3,930
|-
|Frölunda HC||6–1||Modo Hockey||Scandinavium||11,459
|-
|rowspan="5"|30||rowspan="5"|Saturday, December 6||HV71||2–2||Brynäs IF||Kinnarps Arena||6,982
|-
|Södertälje SK||1–2||Frölunda HC||AXA Sports Center||3,629
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||4–5 (OT)||Modo Hockey||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,676
|-
|Timrå IK||5–2||Rögle BK||E.ON Arena||5,239
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||3–2||Färjestads BK||Hovet||5,029
|-
|rowspan="5"|31||rowspan="3"|Monday, December 8||HV71||5–6||Linköpings HC||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Rögle BK||1–3||Färjestads BK||Lindab Arena||4,789
|-
|Frölunda HC||4–2||Brynäs IF||Scandinavium||11,582
|-
|rowspan="2"|Tuesday, December 9||Luleå HF||2–1||Skellefteå AIK||COOP Arena||5,600
|-
|Södertälje SK||3–2||Timrå IK||AXA Sports Center||2,858
|-
|rowspan="6"|32||rowspan="6"|Thursday, December 11||Linköpings HC||1–2||Södertälje SK||Cloetta Center||6,209
|-
|Färjestads BK||2–3||HV71||Löfbergs Lila Arena||5,631
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||3–2 (OT)||Luleå HF||Hovet||3,936
|-
|Brynäs IF||1–2 (OT)||Modo Hockey||Läkerol Arena||5,354
|-
|Timrå IK||4–3 (OT)||Frölunda HC||E.ON Arena||5,042
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||5–2||Rögle BK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||4,529
|-
|rowspan="6"|33||rowspan="5"|Saturday, December 13||Brynäs IF||3–3||Djurgårdens IF||Läkerol Arena||7,465
|-
|Frölunda HC||0–2||Skellefteå AIK||Scandinavium||10,666
|-
|Södertälje SK||1–2||Luleå HF||AXA Sports Center||3,750
|-
|Rögle BK||5–5||Linköpings HC||Lindab Arena||4,539
|-
|Timrå IK||0–3||Färjestads BK||E.ON Arena||4,902
|-
|Sunday, December 14||Modo Hockey||1–4||HV71||Swedbank Arena||5,562
|-
|30||Monday, December 15||Linköpings HC||3–6||Luleå HF||Cloetta Center||7,464
|-
|rowspan="6"|34||rowspan="6"|Friday, December 26||Frölunda HC||3–2 (OT)||Färjestads BK||Scandinavium||12,044
|-
|HV71||3–2||Södertälje SK||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Linköpings HC||5–3||Brynäs IF||Cloetta Center||8,500
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||3–1||Rögle BK||Hovet||7,032
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||1–3||Timrå IK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||6,001
|-
|Luleå HF||4–2||Modo Hockey||COOP Arena||5,600
|-
|rowspan="6"|35||rowspan="6"|Sunday, December 28||Färjestads BK||4–1||Djurgårdens IF||Löfbergs Lila Arena||8,073
|-
|Södertälje SK||2–1||Skellefteå AIK||AXA Sports Center||3,885
|-
|Rögle BK||3–1||Luleå HF||Lindab Arena||5,007
|-
|Brynäs IF||4–6||HV71||Läkerol Arena||6,202
|-
|Timrå IK||1–1||Linköpings HC||E.ON Arena||5,781
|-
|Modo Hockey||1–3||Frölunda HC||Swedbank Arena||7,600
|-
|rowspan="6"|36||rowspan="6"|Tuesday, December 30||Luleå HF||2–1||Färjestads BK||COOP Arena||5,283
|-
|Brynäs IF||4–1||Rögle BK||Läkerol Arena||5,765
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||3–3||Södertälje SK||Hovet||6,525
|-
|Linköpings HC||5–2||Skellefteå AIK||Cloetta Center||8,046
|-
|HV71||3–2||Modo Hockey||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Frölunda HC||2–1||Timrå IK||Scandinavium||11,362
|-
|-
|rowspan="6"|37||rowspan="6"|Saturday, January 3||Djurgårdens IF||1–2||HV71||Hovet||8,092
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||7–1||Luleå HF||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||6,001
|-
|Modo Hockey||3–2||Färjestads BK||Swedbank Arena||6,726
|-
|Rögle BK||3–2||Timrå IK||Lindab Arena||4,916
|-
|Södertälje SK||1–2 (OT)||Brynäs IF||AXA Sports Center||4,698
|-
|Frölunda HC||2–3||Linköpings HC||Scandinavium||11,800
|-
|rowspan="6"|38||rowspan="6"|Monday, January 5||Färjestads BK||3–2||Brynäs IF||Löfbergs Lila Arena||6,394
|-
|Södertälje SK||2–4||Linköpings HC||AXA Sports Center||3,335
|-
|Rögle BK||6–5||HV71||Lindab Arena||4,940
|-
|Timrå IK||4–1||Modo Hockey||E.ON Arena||6,000
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||5–3||Frölunda HC||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,475
|-
|Luleå HF||2–6||Djurgårdens IF||COOP Arena||4,599
|-
|rowspan="4"|39||rowspan="4"|Thursday, January 8||HV71||1–1||Timrå IK||Kinnarps Arena||6,904
|-
|Färjestads BK||5–1||Skellefteå AIK||Löfbergs Lila Arena||5,718
|-
|Brynäs IF||1–0||Luleå HF||Läkerol Arena||4,363
|-
|Modo Hockey||5–2||Rögle BK||Swedbank Arena||5,544
|-
|rowspan="5"|40||rowspan="5"|Saturday, January 10||HV71||2–0||Färjestads BK||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Linköpings HC||3–3||Rögle BK||Cloetta Center||8,443
|-
|Södertälje SK||2–7||Modo Hockey||AXA Sports Center||3,720
|-
|Brynäs IF||5–4||Skellefteå AIK||Läkerol Arena||6,234
|-
|Timrå IK||4–2||Djurgårdens IF||E.ON Arena||5,307
|-
|28||rowspan="2"|Monday, January 12||Modo Hockey||2–1||Timrå IK||Swedbank Arena||6,626
|-
|39||Djurgårdens IF||5–1||Linköpings HC||Hovet||4,573
|-
|40||Tuesday, January 13||Frölunda HC||1–2||Luleå HF||Scandinavium||10,568
|-
|rowspan="6"|41||rowspan="6"|Thursday, January 15||Linköpings HC||3–3||HV71||Cloetta Center||8,500
|-
|Färjestads BK||6–3||Södertälje SK||Löfbergs Lila Arena||5,378
|-
|Rögle BK||5–0||Frölunda HC||Lindab Arena||4,975
|-
|Modo Hockey||2–1||Brynäs IF||Swedbank Arena||5,768
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||1–2||Djurgårdens IF||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||4,491
|-
|Luleå HF||3–4||Timrå IK||COOP Arena||4,892
|-
|rowspan="6"|42||rowspan="6"|Saturday, January 17||Luleå HF||0–2||Linköpings HC||COOP Arena||4,995
|-
|Färjestads BK||6–2||Rögle BK||Löfbergs Lila Arena||6,921
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||5–3||Modo Hockey||Hovet||7,549
|-
|Brynäs IF||3–1||Frölunda HC||Läkerol Arena||7,909
|-
|Timrå IK||4–2||Södertälje SK||E.ON Arena||5,141
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||2–4||HV71||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,400
|-
|rowspan="2"|43||rowspan="2"|Monday, January 19||Linköpings HC||3–3||Färjestads BK||Cloetta Center||7,149
|-
|HV71||2–1||Luleå HF||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|39||Tuesday, January 20||Frölunda HC||3–1||Södertälje SK||Scandinavium||10,036
|-
|rowspan="4"|43||rowspan="4"|Thursday, January 22||Frölunda HC||1–2||Djurgårdens IF||Scandinavium||10,850
|-
|Timrå IK||4–1||Brynäs IF||E.ON Arena||5,802
|-
|Södertälje SK||3–3||Rögle BK||AXA Sports Center||6,130
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||5–0||Modo Hockey||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,162
|-
|rowspan="6"|44||rowspan="6"|Saturday, January 24||Djurgårdens IF||2–1||Brynäs IF||Hovet||8,094
|-
|Luleå HF||5–0||Södertälje SK||COOP Arena||4,739
|-
|Rögle BK||1–2||Skellefteå AIK||Lindab Arena||4,913
|-
|Färjestads BK||6–3||Timrå IK||Läkerol Arena||6,317
|-
|Frölunda HC||5–4 (OT)||HV71||Scandinavium||12,044
|-
|Modo Hockey||1–3||Linköpings HC||Swedbank Arena||7,028
|-
|rowspan="6"|45||rowspan="3"|Monday, January 26||Linköpings HC||2–1||Djurgårdens IF||Cloetta Center||7,029
|-
|Södertälje SK||3–2 (OT)||HV71||AXA Sports Center||4,500
|-
|Brynäs IF||2–4||Modo Hockey||Läkerol Arena||5,583
|-
|rowspan="3"|Tuesday, January 27||Luleå HF||4–2||Frölunda HC||COOP Arena||4,706
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||0–1||Färjestads BK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||4,771
|-
|Timrå IK||3–2||Rögle BK||E.ON Arena||5,244
|-
|rowspan="6"|46||rowspan="6"|Thursday, January 29||HV71||2–2||Linköpings HC||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Färjestads BK||3–2||Luleå HF||Löfbergs Lila Arena||7,172
|-
|Södertälje SK||1–4||Frölunda HC||AXA Sports Center||2,470
|-
|Rögle BK||3–4 (OT)||Djurgårdens IF||Lindab Arena||4,845
|-
|Modo Hockey||3–2||Timrå IK||Swedbank Arena||6,836
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||2–1 (OT)||Brynäs IF||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,029
|-
|rowspan="6"|47||rowspan="6"|Saturday, January 31||Linköpings HC||6–1||Modo Hockey||Cloetta Center||8,309
|-
|Frölunda HC||1–0||Skellefteå AIK||Scandinavium||11,311
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||3–5||HV71||Hovet||8,094
|-
|Rögle BK||6–2||Södertälje SK||Lindab Arena||4,661
|-
|Timrå IK||6–0||Färjestads BK||E.ON Arena||5,846
|-
|Luleå HF||5–0||Brynäs IF||COOP Arena||5,248
|-
|-
|50||Tuesday, February 10||Frölunda HC||4–1||Brynäs IF||Scandinavium||11,497
|-
|rowspan="6"|48||rowspan="6"|Thursday, February 12||Frölunda HC||4–1||Rögle BK||Scandinavium||11,186
|-
|Södertälje SK||3–2||Färjestads BK||AXA Sports Center||2,905
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||5–2||Luleå HF||Hovet||6,834
|-
|Brynäs IF||6–1||Linköpings HC||Läkerol Arena||4,881
|-
|Timrå IK||3–3||HV71||E.ON Arena||5,414
|-
|Modo Hockey||4–1||Skellefteå AIK||Swedbank Arena||7,543
|-
|rowspan="6"|49||rowspan="6"|Saturday, February 14||Färjestads BK||8–1||Frölunda HC||Löfbergs Lila Arena||8,250
|-
|HV71||2–3||Skellefteå AIK||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Linköpings HC||1–3||Timrå IK||Cloetta Center||8,121
|-
|Södertälje SK||0–4||Luleå HF||AXA Sports Center||3,225
|-
|Rögle BK||1–4||Brynäs IF||Lindab Arena||5,011
|-
|Modo Hockey||4–4||Djurgårdens IF||Swedbank Arena||7,600
|-
|rowspan="5"|50||rowspan="3"|Monday, February 16||Färjestads BK||6–3||Linköpings HC||Löfbergs Lila Arena||7,091
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||3–0||Södertälje SK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,268
|-
|Luleå HF||6–1||Rögle BK||COOP Arena||4,905
|-
|rowspan="2"|Tuesday, February 17||Modo Hockey||4–6||HV71||Swedbank Arena||6,485
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||4–1||Timrå IK||Hovet||6,622
|-
|rowspan="6"|51||rowspan="6"|Thursday, February 19||HV71||2–3 (OT)||Frölunda HC||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Linköpings HC||1–3||Luleå HF||Cloetta Center||7,992
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||3–4||Färjestads BK||Hovet||8,094
|-
|Rögle BK||6–2||Modo Hockey||Lindab Arena||5,071
|-
|Brynäs IF||3–1||Södertälje SK||Läkerol Arena||6,325
|-
|Timrå IK||8–0||Skellefteå AIK||E.ON Arena||5,804
|-
|rowspan="6"|52||rowspan="6"|Saturday, February 21||Södertälje SK||2–2||Timrå IK||AXA Sports Center||2,859
|-
|Linköpings HC||1–4||Frölunda HC||Cloetta Center||8,401
|-
|Färjestads BK||6–3||Modo Hockey||Löfbergs Lila Arena||8,250
|-
|Brynäs IF||4–2||Djurgårdens IF||Läkerol Arena||8,166
|-
|Skellefteå AIK||3–2 (OT)||Rögle BK||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,541
|-
|Luleå HF||2–1||HV71||COOP Arena||5,497
|-
|rowspan="6"|53||rowspan="3"|Monday, February 23||Modo Hockey||5–0||Luleå HF||Swedbank Arena||6,433
|-
|Timrå IK||2–3||Frölunda HC||E.ON Arena||5,624
|-
|Rögle BK||3–4 (OT)||Färjestads BK||Lindab Arena||5,031
|-
|rowspan="3"|Tuesday, February 24||HV71||3–1||Brynäs IF||Kinnarps Arena||7,038
|-
|Linköpings HC||7–5||Södertälje SK||Cloetta Center||7,004
|-
|Djurgårdens IF||2–2||Skellefteå AIK||Hovet||7,559
|-
|rowspan="6"|54||rowspan="6"|Thursday, February 26||Frölunda HC||4–2||Modo Hockey||Scandinavium||12,044
|-
|Färjestads BK||2–1||HV71||Löfbergs Lila Arena||7,626
|-
|Södertälje SK||3–1||Djurgårdens IF||AXA Sports Center||4,049
|-
|Rögle BK||3–6||Linköpings HC||Lindab Arena||4,712
|-
|Brynäs IF||4–3||Timrå IK||Läkerol Arena||7,293
|-
|Luleå HF||2–3||Skellefteå AIK||COOP Arena||5,600
|-
|rowspan="6"|55||rowspan="6"|Saturday, February 28||Skellefteå AIK||3–6||Linköpings HC||Skellefteå Kraft Arena||5,422
|-
|Modo Hockey||3–4 (OT)||Södertälje SK||Swedbank Arena||6,661
|-
|Timrå IK||2–3||Luleå HF||E.ON Arena||5,911
|-
|Brynäs IF||1–3||Färjestads BK||Läkerol Arena||7,522
|-
|Frölunda HC||5–3||Djurgårdens IF||Scandinavium||11,795
|-
|HV71||5–2||Rögle BK||Kinnarps Arena||6,996
|-
Statistical leaders
Scoring leaders
GP = Games played, G = Goals, A = Assists, Pts = Points, +/– = Plus/Minus, PIM = Penalty Minutes
Playoffs
After the regular season, the standard of 8 teams qualified for the playoffs.
Playoff bracket
In the first round, the highest remaining seed chose which of the four lowest remaining seeds to be matched against. In the second round, the highest remaining seed was matched against the lowest remaining seed. In each round the higher-seeded team was awarded home ice advantage. Each best-of-seven series followed a 1–1–1–2–1–1 format: the higher-seeded team played at home for games 2 and 4 (plus 5 and 7 if necessary), and the lower-seeded team was at home for game 1, 3 and 6 (if necessary).
Elitserien awards
Records
January 5, 2009 – Chris Abbott, forward with Rögle BK, scored four goals in a single game against HV71, tying the current record.
January 31, 2009 – Johan Harju, centre with Luleå HF, scored four goals in a single against Brynäs IF, tying the current record.
See also
2008 in sports
2009 in sports
References
External links
Hockeyligan.se — Official site
Swehockey.se — Official statistics
1
Swedish Hockey League seasons
Swe |
Bobridge is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Jack Bobridge (born 1989), Australian cyclist
Rhys Bobridge (born 1981), Australian singer, dancer, and make-up artist |
Desmond Williams is a 20th century British architect who specialised in church architecture and was influenced by the Liturgical Movement. He was one of the most important architects of the Catholic Modernist movement in the United Kingdom.
Early and personal life
Williams has four children: Andy and Jez (who are members of the band Doves and twins) and Dominic and Sarah (who both became architects). Dominic is a director of his father's old firm Ellis Williams Architects, and Sarah ran the London office of AEDAS before starting her own practice Sarah Williams Architects in 2013.
Career
Williams is known for his striking modernist church buildings of the late 1950s and early 1960s. He initially worked with Arthur Facebrother, before setting up his own practice (Desmond Williams and Associates) in Manchester in the early 1960s, which in 1968 amalgamated with W and J B Ellis to become Ellis Williams Architects (still in practice today). Williams is regarded as one of the key British architects of the Roman Catholic Liturgical Movement in the UK that resulted in a large number of new modernist Catholic churches being built, and other churches being reordered. A group of architects that included Gillespie, Kidd & Coia, Gerard Goalen, Francis Pollen, Desmond Williams and Austin Winkley utilised contemporary design and construction methods to deliver the ‘noble simplicity’ instructed by Vatican I.
Mainstream Modern noted that Williams' Stella Maris Hostel (1966) was a "subtle but stylised building [that] has been much admired by enthusiasts of modern architecture and is often cited as one of the better, but lesser known examples of its time." It designed to resemble the bridge of a ship. But despite the admiration of modernist enthusiasts it was eventually demolished and replaced by housing.
A number of his buildings have now been listed including:
St Augustine, Manchester 1966-1968 (Grade II)
St Dunstan, Birmingham, 1966-1968 (Grade II)
St Michael, Penn, Wolverhampton, 1967-1968 (Grade II)
St Mary Dunstable (Grade II), which was built in 1964 at a cost of £72,000.
In the listing of St Mary's, Historic England notes that it is "as an important early work in the career of Desmond Williams, an architect notable for his innovative church buildings at a time of great change in ecclesiastical architecture." Williams said of the building: "It was circular, with the object being to bring as many of the congregation near the altar, and proved very popular in attracting worshippers. The ceiling was inspired by my earlier visits to kings College Chapel in Cambridge."
Other buildings
St Mary, Blackburn (1959) - Designed by Desmond Williams & Associates whilst working for Arthur Farebrother and Partner
Sacred Heart, Salford (1962) - Designs completed by Arthur Farebrother and Partner in 1960 but probably the first commission to be completed by Desmond William's own practice
Immaculate Conception, Bicester (1963)
St Anthony, Slough (1964)
St Joseph the Worker, Salford (1965)
St Joseph, Ashton under Lyme (1965)
Presbytery, Church of the Holy Trinity, Chipping Norton (1966) - remodelled and reordered, and the western bell tower taken down, by Desmond Williams Associates
Stella Maris Hostel (1966)
Our Lady, Oldham (1967)
St Patrick, Rochdale (1968)
St Patrick, Coventry (1971)
Works
Awards and nominations
Williams' was given an OBE in 1988.
References
20th-century English architects
Living people
English ecclesiastical architects
Modernist architecture
Architects of the Liturgical Movement
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Lorenzo Peli (born 24 January 2000) is an Italian football player who plays for club Ancona on loan from Atalanta.
Club career
Atalanta
Peli is a product of Atalanta youth teams and started playing and won the title for their Under-19 squad in the 2018–19 season.
In the 2017–18 and 2018–19 seasons he was called up to the senior squad on several occasions, but did not make any appearances.
Loan to Como
He joined the newly-promoted Serie C club Como on loan in July 2019.
He made his professional Serie C debut for Como in September 2019 in a game against Renate. He substituted Alessandro Gabrielloni in the 81st minute.
Loan to Reggina
In August 2020 he went to Reggina (newly promoted to Serie B) on loan.
Return to Como
In January 2021 he returned to Como on loan. The loan was extended on 16 July 2021.
Loans to Novara and Pontedera
On 15 July 2022, Peli joined Novara on loan. The loan was terminated early on 31 January 2023. On the same day, Peli was loaned to Pontedera in Serie C.
Loan to Ancona
On 17 August 2023, Peli was loaned by Ancona.
International
In 2017 and 2018, he played several friendlies for the Italy national under-18 football team.
References
External links
2000 births
21st-century Italian people
People from Seriate
Footballers from Lombardy
Living people
Italian men's footballers
Italy men's youth international footballers
Men's association football forwards
Atalanta BC players
Como 1907 players
LFA Reggio Calabria players
Novara FC players
US Città di Pontedera players
US Ancona players
Serie B players
Serie C players |
Abū Naṣr Tāj al-Dīn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAlī ibn ʻAbd al-Kāfī al-Subkī (), or Tāj al-Dīn al-Subkī () or simply Ibn al-Subki (1327-1370) was a leading Islamic scholar, a faqīh, a muḥaddith and a historian from the celebrated al-Subkī family of Shāfiʿī ʿulamā, during the Mamluk era.
Life
Tāj al-Dīn al-Subkī was born and educated in Cairo, Egypt, in 1327 (727 AH). He was first educated by his father, the celebrated scholar Taqī al-Dīn al-Subkī, an influential figure in the umma. At age 11 years he joined his father in Damascus, where he studied under the leading scholars of his day, such as the historian al-Dhahabi and the jurist Ibn al-Naqīb. Aged 18 he became a mudarris (professor) and khaṭīb at the Umayyad Mosque. In his late twenties he began to assist his father as qāḍī (Chief judge) of Syria, and on his father's retirement to Cairo in 1354, he replaced him as qāḍī of Damascus. He also held the title Mufti In 1357 he was removed from office but reinstated several months later. In 1368 he was jailed for misappropriation of funds. Following a petition by friends, he was released after 80 days and seems to have been exonerated. He died of the plague in 1370 (771 AH) aged 44 years.
Works
Ṭabaqāt al-Šāfiʻiyyaẗ— Kubrā, Wusṭā wa Ṣughrā (Large, Medium and Concise); Biographical dictionary of the scholars of the Shāfi’ī legal school; based on the Tabyīn kadhib al-Muftarī fī mā nusiba ilā al-Imām Abī al-Ḥasan al- Ash’arī of Ibn ’Asākir; (Cairo: Maṭbaʻaẗ al-Ḥusayniyyaẗ al-Miṣriyyaẗ, 1906)
Kitāb Mu'īd an-Ni'am wa-Mubīd an-Niqām ("The restorer of favours and the restrainer of chastisements"); Arabic text with introduction and notes by David Vilhelm Myhrman: treats 113 trades, professions and offices of the author's own time, in the light of how their exponents should behave in order to recover God's favour. (English translation: Luzac & Co., London, 1908).
Kitāb al-Ashbāh wa-l-Naẓāʾir, a legal digest. Tāj al-Dīn al-Subkī, al-Ashbāh wa-l-Naẓāʾir, ed. by Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Mawjūd and ʿAlī Muḥammad ʿIwaḍ, 2 vols. (Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīya, 1991)
See also
List of Ash'aris and Maturidis
List of Muslim theologians
List of Sufis
References
Bibliography
Shafi'is
Asharis
Sunni Sufis
14th-century Muslim theologians
Sharia judges
Shaykh al-Islāms
Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam
Sunni imams
Egyptian imams
Egyptian Sufis
Egyptian encyclopedists
Theologians from the Mamluk Sultanate
14th-century Arab people
14th-century Egyptian historians
14th-century Muslim scholars of Islam
1327 births
1370 deaths
Supporters of Ibn Arabi |
A South American hurricane is a tropical cyclone that affects the continent of South America or its countries. The continent is rarely affected by tropical cyclones, though most storms to hit the area are formed in the North Atlantic Ocean. Typically, strong upper level winds and its proximity to the equator prevents North Atlantic impacts. Cyclone Yaku is the only known tropical cyclone to have ever affected the Pacific side of South America on record, albeit its status as a tropical cyclone is unofficial. Although conditions are typically too hostile for many storms to hit the area from the South Atlantic Ocean, there have been a few tropical cyclones to affect land. Based on climatology, northern Venezuela and Colombia have a 1 to 5% chance of a hurricane strike in any given year, while all locations south of 10° N have less than a 1% chance of a direct hit.
Storms in the South Atlantic
List of tropical cyclones
1588–1900
November 4–6, 1588 – Cartagena de Indias in Colombia is affected by a hurricane.
September, 1672 – A hurricane affects Caracas, Venezuela.
October 22, 1683 – The island of Curaçao off Venezuela is impacted by a hurricane.
September, 1773 – A hurricane moves across Venezuela and later Colombia.
December 13–22, 1822 – A hurricane traverses the southeastern Caribbean Sea and makes landfall on Venezuela.
October 13, 1847 – Venezuela is affected by a hurricane.
September 23, 1877 – A 105 mph (170 km/h) Category 2 hurricane makes landfall on northern Venezuela, causing winds of up to 80 mph (130 km/h) in Curaçao.
September 17, 1886 – A Category 2 hurricane parallels the north coast of Venezuela, causing winds of up to 40 mph (65 km/h) in Curaçao.
December 10, 1887 – A tropical storm passes just north of the Guajira Department of Colombia.
October 8, 1892 – A Category 2 hurricane hits Northern Venezuela and Colombia, causing rough seas in Curaçao.
20th century
September 5, 1911 – Curaçao experiences a westward moving tropical storm which passes near the northern coasts of Venezuela and Colombia.
November 2–5, 1932 – A Category 2 hurricane parallels the north coast of Venezuela and Colombia 75 miles (120 km) offshore, causing some damage. Later, it passes to the northeast of Providencia Island, destroying 36 houses and ruining crops.
June 27, 1933 – A minimal hurricane moves through northeastern Venezuela. The hurricane destroys several houses, businesses, and fishing boats. Powerful winds cut telephonic and telegraphic communications for several days. The hurricane killed several people, and caused over $200,000 in damage (1933 USD, $3.3 million 2008 USD).
October 8, 1954 – Hurricane Hazel parallels the north coasts of Venezuela and Colombia around 100 miles (160 km) offshore as a Category 3 hurricane, though effects, if any, are unknown.
September 25, 1955 – Hurricane Janet parallels the north coasts of Venezuela and Colombia around 100 miles (160 km) offshore as a Category 4 hurricane, though effects, if any, are unknown.
July 20, 1961 – Hurricane Anna passes 75 miles (120 km) north of the coast of Venezuela, though effects, if any, are unknown.
October 1, 1963 – Hurricane Flora strikes Tobago and remains just offshore of Venezuela as it moves through the Caribbean Sea as a Category 3 hurricane. Damage in Venezuela, if any, is unknown.
September 7, 1971 – A tropical depression intensifies into Tropical Storm Edith near the north coast of Venezuela. The southern portion of the depression's circulation moves over the northeastern portion of the country. Effects are unknown.
September 16, 1971 – A tropical depression that later becomes Hurricane Irene crosses the island of Curaçao. Effects are unknown.
August 14, 1974 – Tropical Storm Alma makes landfall on northeastern Venezuela and later dissipates over the mountainous country. Intense rain bands cause a passenger plane to crash on Isla Margarita, resulting in 47 indirect deaths. Damage is unknown.
August 12, 1978 – Tropical Depression Cora dissipates near the island of Curaçao, causing no known impact.
September 13, 1978 – A tropical depression that later becomes Hurricane Greta forms near the northeastern coast of Venezuela, causing no known damage.
September 10–12, 1988 – Outflow bands from Hurricane Gilbert produce flash flooding in northern Venezuela. The flooding killed five people.
October 16–18, 1988 – Tropical Storm Joan strikes northern Venezuela and Colombia. The storm produces flash flooding which kills 11 in Venezuela. In Colombia, rainfall from Joan kills 25, and leaves 27,000 homeless.
August 14, 1990 – Minimal Tropical Storm Fran dissipates over northeastern Venezuela, with no known impact.
August 7–9, 1993 – Tropical Storm Bret moves across northern Venezuela and Colombia. In Venezuela, the storm drops at least 13.35 inches (339 mm) in Guanare. The rainfall causes mudslides, particularly near the city of Caracas, that cover many low-income housing units. Of the 173 deaths caused by Bret in Venezuela, most occur in the low-income areas near Caracas. Lack of preparation, including weather forecasters prematurely stating the worst of the storm is over, is part of the problem. In all, 10,000 are left homeless, and damaged totals $25 million (1993 USD, $37 million 2008 USD). In Colombia, Bret causes one death and one injury.
July 24–27, 1996 – Hurricane Cesar moves westward across the southern Caribbean and crosses over extreme northern Colombia and the San Andrés archipelago. Cesar kills 11 people in Colombia due to flooding and mudslides.
November 13–16, 1999 – Strong waves from Hurricane Lenny affect the Guajira Peninsula of Colombia, flooding 1,200 homes and businesses along the northern coastline. In addition, winds and rains from the hurricane causes severe crop damage in the country. The hurricane kills two in Colombia.
2000–2020
September 25, 2000 – Hurricane Joyce dissipates just north of eastern Venezuela, causing no known damage.
September 14, 2002 – Hurricane Isidore crosses over northeastern Venezuela as a tropical depression. Effects, if any, are unknown.
December 4, 2003 – Tropical Storm Odette produces heavy rainfall of up to 8 inches (200 mm) in Colombia.
January 20, 2004 – A possible tropical storm or depression in the South Atlantic Ocean hits eastern Brazil, dropping heavy rainfall in the area.
March 28, 2004 – A cyclone, unofficially named Hurricane Catarina, strikes southeastern Brazil with maximum recorded winds of 100 mph(155 km/h). The hurricane damaged more than 30,000 homes and left 1,900 people homeless. The storm also damaged 1,373 businesses and destroyed 50, including a hospital. The storm killed 3, injured 38, and caused up to $330 million in damage (2004 USD). This was the first hurricane ever reported in the Atlantic, south of the equator.
September 7–9, 2004 – Hurricane Ivan parallels the north coast of Venezuela as a Category 4 hurricane. Ivan's strong winds forced the closure of several airports. The hurricane also produced heavy rainfall and strong waves. Ivan killed three in the country, though overall damage was minor.
July 14, 2005 – Hurricane Emily passes just north of Venezuela as a strengthening hurricane, causing heavy rains and flooding in the northeastern portion of the country. 64 families were forced to leave their homes when rivers in eastern Monagas state overflowed their banks, but waters quickly receded. Ships were forced to remain at port while the hurricane passed to the country's north, though restrictions quickly lifted.
October 29, 2005 – Hurricane Beta hits the Colombian island of Providencia, and tears the roofs off of thousands of homes. High winds also shut down all airports and communications.
September 2, 2007 – Strong winds and waves from Hurricane Felix leave one person missing in the coastal Venezuelan city of Puerto Cabello.
January 28, 2009 – A cold-core mid to upper-level trough in phase with a low-level warm-core low formed a system over Uruguay and Rio Grande do Sul state in Brazil and moved eastward into the South Atlantic. The system was eventually classified as a subtropical cyclone, making it the only subtropical cyclone on record to affect South America, and the second subtropical system ever recorded in the South Atlantic, with the first being a subtropical cyclone in 1974. Winds exceeded on the coast of Uruguay and extreme southern Rio Grande do Sul, and the system produced of rainfall or more in 24 hours in some locations of Rocha (Uruguay) and southern Rio Grande do Sul. Fourteen deaths and thousands of evacuees are attributed to the storm with an emergency declared in four cities.
March 10, 2010 – Unofficially named (by private and public weather centers from Southern Brazil) Tropical Storm Anita affected the coast of southern Brazil. The cyclone develops out of a subtropical cyclone and is one of the rare tropical cyclones developed in South Atlantic Ocean waters.
September 23, 2010 – In Caracas, Venezuela, heavy rains associated with Tropical Storm Matthew triggered significant flooding that destroyed several homes, killing at least seven people. Another person, a 70-year-old man, was swept away by a swollen river in the northeastern state of Sucre later that day.
Early November 2010 – Hurricane Tomas produces strong winds and heavy rainfall on Isla Aves, located off the northern coast of Venezuela.
March 10, 2011 – Before becoming a subtropical cyclone, Subtropical Storm Arani produces torrential rains over Brazil. Damage is unknown.
March 10–13, 2015 – Subtropical Storm Cari stalls offshore Brazil, dropping up to of rain, strong waves, and strong winds.
September 30, 2016 – Hurricane Matthew affected the coast of Colombia with tropical storm-force winds and flooding rains. Rainfall in Cartagena reached during a 24-hour span and Santa Marta saw . One person died in Aribia in Colombia due to flooding.
June 19–20, 2017 – Tropical Storm Bret makes landfall in Trinidad and Tobago, causing one death in Trinidad and another in Tobago, before making landfall in Venezuela. The storm results in strong winds and flooding, which caused millions of dollars in damage.
September 22–23, 2019 – Tropical Storm Karen brought severe flash floods to Tobago, trapping some people in their houses, as well as uprooting trees and causing several power outages. Several roads were blocked due to mudslides and downed trees. In addition, seven boats in Plymouth sank after a jetty broke. It was also announced that all schools would be closed on Monday, September 23. Swells generated by Karen caused flooding and power outages in Caracas and La Guaira.
January 23–24, 2020 – Subtropical Storm Kurumí in the South Atlantic generated heavy rainfall across Belo Horizonte in southeast Brazil, with a 24-hour rainfall total of 171.8 mm (6.764 in) recorded from January 23 to 24, the highest in 110 years. Mudslides killed at least three people and damaged several buildings. Kurumí served to worsen ongoing flooding associated with an unusually active summer monsoon.
November 15–16, 2020 – Hurricane Iota as a tropical wave caused heavy flooding in mainland Colombia. An estimated 70 percent of Cartagena saw flooding due to the direct effects of Iota. Subsequently, Iota passed very near the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina as a high end Category 4 hurricane; the first to ever strike Colombia. Across the country, at least 7 people died and another 10 were left missing.
2021–present
April 21, 2021 – Subtropical Storm Potira caused flooding in the streets and damage to the sidewalks in the Brazilian municipalities of Balneário Camboriú and Florianópolis.
December 12, 2021 – Subtropical Storm Ubá affected southern Brazil, causing heavy rains in Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo and southern Bahia, where heavy precipitation accumulated in Itamaraju and in Monte Formoso, killing fifteen people.
May 17, 2022 – Heavy rains from Subtropical Storm Yakecan kill two people in Uruguay and Brazil.
June 30, 2022 – The precusor to Tropical Storm Bonnie made landfall in northern Venezuela and northern Colombia.
October 9, 2022 – Hurricane Julia caused widespread flooding and landslides. In Las Tejerías, in north-central Venezuela, at least 50 people died when mud and debris inundated the town.
March 7–20, 2023 – An extremely rare system, unofficially named Yaku, brings severe flooding to Ecuador and Peru, killing at least eight people.
Listed by month
44 tropical cyclones have affected South America in most months of the year.
Deadliest storms
Data from South American tropical cyclones is sparse and incomplete, though most tropical cyclones that struck the continent caused multiple deaths. Bret, Julia, Joan, and Cesar all caused their deaths through rainfall or flash flooding.
Tropical cyclone warnings and watches
In the event an Atlantic hurricane threatens the northern coast of South America, the National Hurricane Center defines nine locations as tropical cyclone warning breakpoints. The westernmost is the border between Panama and Colombia, and the easternmost is Georgetown, Guyana, located at 6.82° N. In the eastern Pacific Ocean, tropical cyclone warning breakpoints extend eastward to the border of Panama and Colombia at 7.23° N. No Atlantic hurricane has existed south of 6.82° N, and no Pacific hurricane has existed east of 80° W, though in the event a tropical cyclone threatens a region of South America without warnings, additional warning sites can be selected. In addition to warnings on the mainland of South America, the National Hurricane Center defines the entire island of San Andres as a tropical cyclone warning breakpoint.
Intense Hurricane Flora in 1963 prompted officials to declare gale warnings for two islands off the north coast of Venezuela. In 1974, the passage of Tropical Storm Alma warranted the issuance of Gale Warnings for the Paria and Paraguaná Peninsulas. Hurricane Joan in 1988, Tropical Storm Bret in 1993, Hurricane Cesar in 1996, and Hurricane Felix in 2007 resulted in tropical storm and hurricane watches and warnings for several locations in South America. The threat of Hurricane Ivan prompted a hurricane watch and a tropical storm warning for the northern coast of Venezuela.
See also
South Atlantic tropical cyclone
Atlantic hurricane season
Lists of Atlantic hurricanes
Tropical cyclone
Effects of Hurricane Ivan in the Lesser Antilles and South America
References
Atlantic hurricanes
Lists of tropical cyclones by area
Tropical cyclones |
Basketball was among the sports contested at the 2019 SEA Games in the Philippines. The basketball tournament in the games featured four events; traditional 5-on-5 basketball and 3x3 basketball, for both men and women.
In 5-on-5, the Philippines were the 12-time defending champions in men's and Malaysia were the two-time defending champions in women's. 3x3 basketball was contested for the first time for both genders.
Competition schedule
3x3 basketball was held from 1 to 2 December 2019 and the regular 5-on-5 basketball event was held from 4 to 10 December 2019.
Participating nations
Venues
The regular 5-on-5 basketball tournament was held at the SM Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay, while 3x3 basketball tournament was played at the Filoil Flying V Centre in San Juan.
Cuneta Astrodome was also previously considered as a potential venue for 5-on-5 basketball, while the SM Mall of Asia Activity Center was considered to host the 3x3 basketball competitions.
The Filoil Flying V Centre was initially announced to be the venue for the 5x5 basketball as well after organizers failed to secure the SM Mall of Asia Arena or a similarly larger venue due to prior event bookings.
Medalists
Medal table
References
External links |
South Boulder is a mixed-use suburb of Kalgoorlie-Boulder, a city in the Eastern Goldfields region of Western Australia.
It contains the Old Boulder Cemetery. It has a large residential area immediately south of the Boulder townsite and also contains Eastern Goldfields Regional Prison on its outskirts.
References |
David IV or V (, davit' IV/V) was a 15th-century Catholicos-Patriarch of Georgia known from the group of documents dated from 1447 to 1457. They testify to David's efforts to restore the patriarchal see of Mtskheta from the devastation of Timur's invasions earlier that century.
The scholarly opinion is divided as to whether David III is the same catholicos as David II (III) and David III (IV), mentioned in the years 1426–1428 and 1435–1439, respectively, or not. Traditional lists of the Georgian prelates, such as those compiled by Michel Tamarati and Roin Metreveli, and accepted by the Georgian Orthodox Church, place three different catholicoi named David in the 15th century, while some historians, especially Cyril Toumanoff, see in these names one and the same person, a son of King Alexander I of Georgia. The confusion arises from the three chronological groups of documents, while the inconsistency in the numerals after the catholical names is because some historians, like Tamarati, omit the catholicos David of 859–861.
Notes
References
Catholicoses and Patriarchs of Georgia (country)
15th-century Eastern Orthodox archbishops
15th-century people from Georgia (country) |
Fakhrul Imam () is a Bangladeshi politician and the incumbent Member of Parliament from Mymensingh-8. He is also known as one of the most veteran parliamentarians in Bangladesh.
Imam was elected to Parliament from Mymensingh-8 as a Jatiya Party candidate in 1988, 2014 and re-elected on 30 December 2018.
References
Living people
4th Jatiya Sangsad members
10th Jatiya Sangsad members
11th Jatiya Sangsad members
Jatiya Party politicians
1948 births |
Buckhorn is a census-designated place in Grant County, New Mexico, United States. Its population was 200 as of the 2010 census. Buckhorn has a post office with ZIP code 88025. U.S. Route 180 passes through the community. The post office was established in 1913. Buckhorn was named for the nearby Buckhorn Creek.
Demographics
References
Census-designated places in New Mexico
Census-designated places in Grant County, New Mexico |
```php
<?php
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
*/
namespace Google\Service\GamesManagement;
class ProfileSettings extends \Google\Model
{
/**
* @var string
*/
public $kind;
/**
* @var bool
*/
public $profileVisible;
/**
* @param string
*/
public function setKind($kind)
{
$this->kind = $kind;
}
/**
* @return string
*/
public function getKind()
{
return $this->kind;
}
/**
* @param bool
*/
public function setProfileVisible($profileVisible)
{
$this->profileVisible = $profileVisible;
}
/**
* @return bool
*/
public function getProfileVisible()
{
return $this->profileVisible;
}
}
// Adding a class alias for backwards compatibility with the previous class name.
class_alias(ProfileSettings::class, 'Google_Service_GamesManagement_ProfileSettings');
``` |
The current list of ancient Olympic victors contains all of the known victors of the ancient Olympic Games from the 1st Games in 776 BC up to 264th in 277 AD, as well as the games of 369 AD before their permanent disbandment in 393 by Roman emperor Theodosius I. It is based on available modern sources, as well as the older ones such as the writings of Pausanias (2nd century AD) and Chronicle of Eusebius (3rd century AD).
Completeness
The complete number of sports that were carried out in each iteration of the Games is unknown, as is the number of victors that took part in these. Also, the correlation between victors and cities may not always be true, as it was not uncommon during antiquity for some ancient writers to make up or distort an olympic victor's city so that the given city would gain the glory and fame that accompanied an athlete's victory.
Up to the 2nd century BC and the beginning of 1st century BC, the athletes were Greek, as per the prerequisite for participating in the Games, however starting from the end of 1st century BC more and more Roman names appear as a consequence of the Roman rule in the Hellenic world. A measure of the level of uncertainty that exists today with regard to who the majority of the ancient Olympic victors were, is the approximation that from a total of more than 3,500 probable victors in different olympic sports during the ancient Olympic Games, only about 800 of them are known today.
List
See also
Ancient Olympic Games
Olympic winners of the Archaic period
Ancient Greek Olympic festivals
Hellanodikai
Notes
References
Sources
Arete: Greek Sports from Ancient Sources, Stephen G. Miller, University of California Press, 2 Aug 2012
Sports in the Ancient World, from A to Z, Mark Golden, Routledge, 1 Jun 2004
Renson, R., Laummer, M., Riordan J. et al. (eds.), The Olympic Games Through the Ages: Greek Antiquity and its Impact on Modern Sport, Athens 1991.
Young, D.C., The Origins of Modern Olympics: A New Version, International Journal of the History of Sports, 3 (1987), 271–300
L. Moretti, Olympionikai, i vincitori negli Antichi agoni Olimpici, MemLinc, Roma, 1957; L. Moretti, "Supplemento al catalogo degli Olympionikai," Klio 52, 1970, pp. 295– 303.
Ancient Olympic Games
.
Lists of Olympic medalists
Lists of ancient Greek people |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.