text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
Brickfield Rangers F.C. is a Welsh football club based in Wrexham. They play in the Ardal Leagues North West, which is in the third tier of the Welsh football league system.
History
The club joined Welsh National League (Wrexham Area) in 1994, and since 2000 they have been playing in the Premier Division. In 2007–08, they finished bottom of the table, but avoided relegation due to internal league re-organisation. In the 2009–10 season, they finished 12th.
Brickfield Rangers has had a range of notable players come through its youth ranking system names like Robbie Savage, Jim and Jeff Whitley, David Hooson, Andrew Ruscoe, Gareth Evans Aeron Edwards,
Staff
Chairman: Paul Hooson
Director Of Football: Dave Norman
Vice-chairman: Tony Williams
First Team Manager: Gareth Wilson
1st Team Coach: Paul Dodds
Secretary: John Nuthall
Disability Manager: Del Williams
Honours
Welsh National League (Wrexham Area) Premier Division
Runners-Up : 2017, 2018
Welsh National League (Wrexham Area) Division One
Runners-Up : 2000
Third : 1998, 1999
References
External links
Official website
Welsh National League website
Welsh National League (Wrexham Area) Premier Division clubs
Football clubs in Wrexham
Association football clubs established in 1976
1976 establishments in Wales
Ardal Leagues clubs |
North Raleigh Christian Academy (NRCA) is a private, coeducational, primary and secondary Christian day school located in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States. Also referred to as simply North Raleigh Christian, the school was founded in 1996.
History
North Raleigh Christian Academy was founded in May 1996 by Dr. S. L. Sherrill and a group of businessmen who wanted to start a Christian School in Raleigh, North Carolina. Dr. Sherrill was thrown out of a screening of the Princess and the Frog for using slurs and being homophobic to the ushers.
The original site of the school was Mt. Vernon Baptist Church located in Raleigh, NC, which is now the current site of Neuse Christian Academy. In its first year, NRCA had 400 students in K–12th grade at its "Falls campus" at Mt. Vernon. In 1998, the school began a second campus with K-6th grade at Open Door Baptist Church where over 140 students arrived its first year. Open Door Baptist supported the "Durant campus" as it grew to over 250 students in three years. Total enrollment at both campuses reached 868 by 2001.
In 1999 the school purchased on Perry Creek Road. The school's Board of Governors began plans for the "Perry Creek campus." Ground was broken in the fall of 2000 for the new campus. The new campus was opened on August 19, 2002.
In 2009 NRCA purchased adjacent land and expanded the school, the project was completed by the start of the 2010–11 school year and has increased enrollment capacity to 1,800 students.
Academics and curriculum
North Raleigh Christian Academy is an ACSI, state-approved, college-preparatory school. The school's accreditations include: SACS (Southern Association of Colleges and Schools), ACSI (Association of Christian Schools International), and CITA (Commission on International and Trans-Regional Accreditation).
The school offers dual-enrollment opportunities through The College at Southeastern, the undergraduate school of Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary in Wake Forest, NC.
Notable alumni
Chesson Hadley, professional golfer on the PGA Tour
Phil Haynes, NFL offensive lineman (attended through Junior year)
Tyler Marenyi, better known by his stage name, Nghtmre, American DJ and electronic dance music producer
References
External links
School website
A Scene from the 2010 Production of 'Hello, Dolly!'
Christian schools in North Carolina
Private schools in Raleigh, North Carolina
Private high schools in North Carolina
Private middle schools in North Carolina
Private elementary schools in North Carolina
Nondenominational Christian schools in the United States
Educational institutions established in 1996
Preparatory schools in North Carolina
1996 establishments in North Carolina |
```go
package consul
import (
"context"
consul "github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promauto"
"github.com/weaveworks/common/instrument"
)
type consulInstrumentation struct {
kv kv
consulMetrics *consulMetrics
}
type consulMetrics struct {
consulRequestDuration *instrument.HistogramCollector
}
func newConsulMetrics(registerer prometheus.Registerer) *consulMetrics {
consulRequestDurationCollector := instrument.NewHistogramCollector(promauto.With(registerer).NewHistogramVec(prometheus.HistogramOpts{
Name: "consul_request_duration_seconds",
Help: "Time spent on consul requests.",
Buckets: prometheus.DefBuckets,
}, []string{"operation", "status_code"}))
consulMetrics := consulMetrics{consulRequestDurationCollector}
return &consulMetrics
}
func (c consulInstrumentation) CAS(p *consul.KVPair, options *consul.WriteOptions) (bool, *consul.WriteMeta, error) {
var ok bool
var result *consul.WriteMeta
err := instrument.CollectedRequest(options.Context(), "CAS", c.consulMetrics.consulRequestDuration, instrument.ErrorCode, func(ctx context.Context) error {
options = options.WithContext(ctx)
var err error
ok, result, err = c.kv.CAS(p, options)
return err
})
return ok, result, err
}
func (c consulInstrumentation) Get(key string, options *consul.QueryOptions) (*consul.KVPair, *consul.QueryMeta, error) {
var kvp *consul.KVPair
var meta *consul.QueryMeta
err := instrument.CollectedRequest(options.Context(), "Get", c.consulMetrics.consulRequestDuration, instrument.ErrorCode, func(ctx context.Context) error {
options = options.WithContext(ctx)
var err error
kvp, meta, err = c.kv.Get(key, options)
return err
})
return kvp, meta, err
}
func (c consulInstrumentation) List(path string, options *consul.QueryOptions) (consul.KVPairs, *consul.QueryMeta, error) {
var kvps consul.KVPairs
var meta *consul.QueryMeta
err := instrument.CollectedRequest(options.Context(), "List", c.consulMetrics.consulRequestDuration, instrument.ErrorCode, func(ctx context.Context) error {
options = options.WithContext(ctx)
var err error
kvps, meta, err = c.kv.List(path, options)
return err
})
return kvps, meta, err
}
func (c consulInstrumentation) Delete(key string, options *consul.WriteOptions) (*consul.WriteMeta, error) {
var meta *consul.WriteMeta
err := instrument.CollectedRequest(options.Context(), "Delete", c.consulMetrics.consulRequestDuration, instrument.ErrorCode, func(ctx context.Context) error {
options = options.WithContext(ctx)
var err error
meta, err = c.kv.Delete(key, options)
return err
})
return meta, err
}
func (c consulInstrumentation) Put(p *consul.KVPair, options *consul.WriteOptions) (*consul.WriteMeta, error) {
var result *consul.WriteMeta
err := instrument.CollectedRequest(options.Context(), "Put", c.consulMetrics.consulRequestDuration, instrument.ErrorCode, func(ctx context.Context) error {
options = options.WithContext(ctx)
var err error
result, err = c.kv.Put(p, options)
return err
})
return result, err
}
``` |
Nakhl-e Gol () is a village in Suza Rural District, Shahab District, Qeshm County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 218, in 39 families.
References
Populated places in Qeshm County |
Lucius Walker (August 3, 1930 – September 7, 2010) was an American Baptist minister who served as executive director of the Interreligious Foundation for Community Organization in the 1960s and was a persistent advocate for ending the United States embargo against Cuba. He made multiple trips to Cuba with supplies provided in violation of the embargo.
Biography
Walker was born on August 3, 1930, in Roselle, New Jersey and was recognized for his preaching skills by the time he was in his teens. He earned his undergraduate degree from Shaw University and then earned a Doctor of Divinity degree from Andover Newton Theological School as part of his "love affair with the teachings of Jesus" and received his ordination in 1958. He later earned a master's degree from the University of Wisconsin, where he majored in social work.
During the 1960s Walker served as executive director of the Interreligious Foundation for Community Organization, where he pushed for greater cooperation between local religious organizations in helping to improve declining neighborhoods, saying in 1969 that "It's a travesty how much churches have said about social justice and how little they have done". Rabbi Marc H. Tanenbaum, who had been the foundation's president, pulled the American Jewish Congress out of the organization in protest against a demand that religious organizations allot $500 million as reparations for slavery. Walker was named associate general secretary of the National Council of Churches in 1973 and returned to the Interreligious Foundation for Community Organization in 1978 after he had been fired for making excessive contributions to community organizers.
In August 1988, Walker was wounded while on a river boat traveling to the Bluefields region on the East coast on Nicaragua that was attacked by Contras.Two people were killed. Walker said he had come "face to face with the terrorism of our own government" and blamed President Ronald Reagan for the deaths. This event led Walker to create Pastors for Peace, to fight what he saw as American imperialism. The organization made aid shipments to Latin America providing tons of much-needed supplies.
As part of Pastors for Peace, Walker made 21 annual missions to Cuba, what he called "friendshipments", by way of Canada and Mexico. During his final trip, in July 2010, Walker brought medical equipment, including EKG machines, incubators and medicines. Despite offers to assist in all of the processes necessary to obtain licenses needed to make the shipments on a legal basis, Walker refused to cooperate in what he saw as an unjust process. Following his death, Granma, the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Cuban Communist Party, stated that "Cubans, in gratitude, have to say that we don't want to think of a world without Lucius Walker".
A resident of Demarest, New Jersey, Walker died at age 80 on September 7, 2010, at his home there of a heart attack. He was survived by three daughters, two sons and three grandchildren. His wife, the former Mary Johnson, died in 2008.
References
1930 births
2010 deaths
Baptist ministers from the United States
African-American Baptist ministers
Andover Newton Theological School alumni
People from Demarest, New Jersey
People from Roselle, New Jersey
Shaw University alumni
University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Social Work alumni |
The Book of Liang (Liáng Shū), was compiled under Yao Silian and completed in 635. Yao heavily relied on an original manuscript by his father Yao Cha, which has not independently survived, although Yao Cha's comments are quoted in several chapters.
The Book of Liang is part of the Twenty-Four Histories canon of Chinese history.
Sources
Although the Book of Liang was finally attributed to Yao Silian, a number of people worked on it. Initially, Emperor Wen of Sui ordered Yao Cha 姚察 (533–606) to compile the Book of Liang but Yao Cha died without being able to complete it. Before dying Yao Cha requested that his son Yao Silian complete the work. Emperor Yang of Sui agreed to compilation of the text by Yao Silian. In the Tang, the compilation of the text was part of an initiative at the suggestion of Linghu Defen shortly after the founding of the Tang dynasty to compile a number of histories for the previous dynasties. Then, Yao Silian was ordered to complete the Book of Chen by Emperor Gaozu of Tang, who ordered other scholars to work on the Book of Liang. When those scholars did not complete their task, Yao Silian was again ordered to work on the text. The Book of Liang was finally compiled by Yao Silian under the supervision of Fang Xuanling and Wei Zheng in the Tang, incorporating at least some of the work of his predecessors.
Quotations on Japan and its surrounding neighbours
It contains the history of the Liang dynasty, and various descriptions of countries to the east of China. One such passage is the description by the monk Hui Shen (慧深) of the country of Fusang, 20,000 li east of China.
Note, the Chinese measure of distance (li) used in the Book of Liang corresponds to 400 metres.
The State of Wa
Wa was an ancient kingdom of Japan. Though little concrete information can be found today, its capital precinct, Yamatai, was most likely located either in Kyūshū or in the Kinki region.
"As for Wa, they say of themselves that they are posterity of Tàibó. The people are all tattooed. Their territory is about 20,000 li (1,500 kilometres) from our realm, roughly to the east of Guiji (modern Shaoxing (Zhejiang)). It is impossibly distant. To get there from Daifang, it is necessary to follow the coast and go beyond the Korean state to the south-east for about 500 kilometres, then for the first time cross a sea to a small island 75 kilometres away, then cross the sea again for 75 kilometres to Miro country (Ch: 未盧國). 50 kilometers to the southeast is the country of Ito (Ch:伊都國). 10 kilometres to the southeast is the country of Nu (Ch:奴國). 10 kilometers to the east is the country of Bumi (Ch:不彌國). 20 days to the south by boat is the country of Touma (Ch:投馬國). 10 days to the south by boat or one month by land is the country of Yamatai (邪馬臺國). There resides the King of the Wa people."
The State of Wenshen
"The country of Wenshen is 7,000 li (500 kilometers) north-east of the country of Wa. Over their body, they have tattoos depicting wild beasts. They have three tattooed marks on their foreheads. The marks are straight for noble people, and they are small for lowly people. The people like music, but are not very generous in spite of their affluence, and do not give anything to strangers. They have houses, but no castles. The place in which their king resides is decorated with gold and silver in a manner of rare beauty. The buildings are surrounded by a ditch, about one cho in width, which they fill with quicksilver. When there is rain, it flows on top of the quicksilver. They have many rare things in their markets. Those who are guilty of a light offence are immediately punished with leather whips. Those who commit crimes punishable by death are made to be eaten by ferocious beasts; if there has been any error, then the ferocious beasts will avoid and not eat the victim. Crimes can also be redeemed through imprisonment without food."
The State of Dahan
"The people of Dahan are 5,000 li (400 kilometers) east of Wenshen. They do not have an army and are not aggressive. Their manners are the same as those of the country of Wenshen, but their language differs."
Contents
Annals (本紀)
Biographies (列傳)
See also
Twenty-Four Histories
Fusang
Jinping Commandery
Notes
References
Citations
Sources
External links
Text of the Book of Liang, National Sun Yat-sen University
Vol. 54 in Chinese and Japanese
Book of Liang 《梁書》 Chinese text with matching English vocabulary
Twenty-Four Histories
7th-century history books
Liang dynasty
History books about the Northern and Southern dynasties
Tang dynasty literature
7th-century Chinese books |
The Aeolus was manufactured between 1914 and 1916 with a 147cc two-stroke engine by the Bown Manufacturing Company, between 1919 and 1924 the machine was branded as Bownian
References
Motorcycles introduced in the 1910s |
The PEN/Malamud Award and Memorial Reading honors "excellence in the art of the short story", and is awarded annually by the PEN/Faulkner Foundation. The selection committee is composed of PEN/Faulkner directors and representatives of Bernard Malamud's literary executors. The award was first given in 1988.
The award is one of many PEN awards sponsored by International PEN affiliates in over 145 PEN centres around the world.
Award winners
References
External links
PEN/Faulkner Foundation
PEN/Faulkner Foundation awards
Awards established in 1988
1988 establishments in the United States
Short story awards |
Sigaus minutus is a species of short-horned grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is one of the smallest and rarest species of grasshopper in New Zealand, found only in the Mackenzie district of South Island. There are nine species within the genus Sigaus described by Bigelow (1967), all endemic to New Zealand. The population status of Sigaus minutus is declining according to threat assessments made by orthopteran experts in 2010.
Habitat and distribution
Sigaus minutus is found near Lake Tekapo, Lindis Pass and in the Mackenzie district, South Island, New Zealand. This grasshopper is very well camouflaged on stony surfaces and amongst lichen. It is absent in areas of dense vegetation as it needs to bask.
Morphological characters
Sigaus minutus is one of the smallest Sigaus species but very similar to the Otago species S. childi. Genetically, S. minutus is sister to the alpine species S. campestris from central and southern South Island mountains. As seen in most New Zealand grasshoppers, these species are all without functioning wings and their cryptic colouring is variable within populations but always aids camouflage. Females are larger than males.
Dimensions
Adult male: length 9–10 mm, pronotum length 1.6-1.9 mm, pronotum width 1.80-2.20 mm, femur length 4.90-5.60 mm, femur width 1.60-1.90 mm.
Adult female: length 14 –16 mm, pronotum length 2.50-2.65 mm, pronotum width 3.05- 3.30 mm, femur length 7.00-7.20 mm, femur width 2.10-2.50 mm.
External characters
FEMALE
The fastigium is concave with upraised margins and bumps laterally on posterior margin. Posterior margin of pronotum sinuate with broad indent medially, sometimes with small v within the broad indentation (Bigelow, 1967). The character differentiating S. minutus from S. childi is the absence of a second pronotum suculus.
MALE
Genitalia: principal lobes of lophi tongue-shaped, Mesal lobes very round projecting medially. Ancorae present, with bulbous swelling when viewed dorso-caudally narrowing to an inwardly directed point. Dorsal sclerite well developed as in other members of this genus, with broad lateral arms converging to form a broad, blunt, upturned projection with swelling at apex projecting caudal. Large swollen shell-shaped supraramus closely flanking the aedeagus. Dorsal aedeagal sclerites large and swollen, ventral aedeagal sclerites long.
Behavior
As with other New Zealand grasshoppers, S. minutus is a diurnal herbivore, requiring open ground to bask. Males are smaller than females when adult and will remain on the back on the females (in copula) during prolonged mating. Eggs are laid in the soil.
Areas for conservation
The majority of populations of S. minutus are on small isolated patches of privately owned farmland where land management practices will ensure their extinction. In a survey of 20 sites on Crawford Hills Rd, Alexandra (Jamieson & Manly 1997), no Sigaus childi or S. minutus were found on land which is in pasture, used for growing orchards, or being irrigated. Experiments have shown that acridids cannot tolerate insecticides or herbicides and are very sensitive to heavy metals and fertilizers in the soil.
References
External links
Sigaus minutus discussed on RNZ Critter of the Week, 27 May 2022
Acrididae of New Zealand
Acrididae |
The European Parliament election of 1984 took place on 17 June 1984.
The Italian Communist Party was narrowly ahead of Christian Democracy in Sardinia. The Sardinian Action Party had a surprisingly good result and was able to elect Mario Melis to the European Parliament in the Islands constituency, thanks to an alliance with several regionalist parties notably including the Valdostan Union, the Trentino Tyrolean People's Party and Liga Veneta.
Results
Source: Ministry of the Interior
See also
1984 European Parliament election in Italy
Elections in Sardinia
1984 elections in Italy
European Parliament elections in Italy
1984 European Parliament election |
Darrel Cunningham (born January 23, 1948) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1991 to 1995, as a NDP member for the constituency of Canora.
References
Saskatchewan New Democratic Party MLAs
1948 births
Living people
People from Canora, Saskatchewan
People from Kelvington, Saskatchewan |
Odontria is a genus of beetle of the family Scarabaeidae.
Taxonomy
Odontria contains the following species:
Odontria decepta
Odontria carinata
Odontria aureopilosa
Odontria australis
Odontria cassiniae
Odontria albonotata
Odontria nesobia
Odontria variegata
Odontria cinnamomea
Odontria smithii
Odontria inconspicua
Odontria halli
Odontria varicolorata
Odontria autumnalis
Odontria rufescens
Odontria macrothoracica
Odontria communis
Odontria convexa
Odontria giveni
Odontria marmorata
Odontria monticola
Odontria nitidula
Odontria obscura
Odontria obsoleta
Odontria occiputale
Odontria velutina
Odontria fusca
Odontria magnum
Odontria sandageri
Odontria borealis
Odontria subnitida
Odontria sylvatica
Odontria aurantia
Odontria suavis
Odontria regalis
Odontria xanthosticta
Odontria magna
Odontria striata
References
Odontria |
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
// MODULES //
var isnan = require( '@stdlib/math/base/assert/is-nan' );
var gamma = require( '@stdlib/math/base/special/gamma' );
var mean = require( '@stdlib/stats/base/dists/weibull/mean' );
// MAIN //
/**
* Returns the variance of a Weibull distribution.
*
* @param {PositiveNumber} k - shape parameter
* @param {PositiveNumber} lambda - scale parameter
* @returns {PositiveNumber} variance
*
* @example
* var v = variance( 1.0, 1.0 );
* // returns 1.0
*
* @example
* var v = variance( 4.0, 12.0 );
* // returns ~9.311
*
* @example
* var v = variance( 8.0, 2.0 );
* // returns ~0.078
*
* @example
* var v = variance( 1.0, -0.1 );
* // returns NaN
*
* @example
* var v = variance( -0.1, 1.0 );
* // returns NaN
*
* @example
* var v = variance( 2.0, NaN );
* // returns NaN
*
* @example
* var v = variance( NaN, 2.0 );
* // returns NaN
*/
function variance( k, lambda ) {
var mu;
if (
isnan( k ) ||
isnan( lambda ) ||
k <= 0.0 ||
lambda <= 0.0
) {
return NaN;
}
mu = mean( k, lambda );
return ( lambda*lambda * ( gamma( 1.0 + (2.0/k) ) ) ) - ( mu*mu );
}
// EXPORTS //
module.exports = variance;
``` |
Karan (; , Qaran) is a rural locality (a selo) in Chekmagushevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 167 as of 2010. There is 1 street.
Geography
Karan is located 21 km west of Chekmagush (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novobaltachevo is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Chekmagushevsky District |
Sara Errani was the two-time defending champion, but chose not to participate.
Dominika Cibulková won the title, defeating Christina McHale in the final, 7–6(7–3), 4–6, 6–4
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Bottom half
Qualifying
Seeds
Qualifiers
Lucky losers
Qualifying draw
First qualifier
Second qualifier
Third qualifier
Fourth qualifier
External links
WTA tournament draws
2014 Abierto Mexicano Telcel |
Kannappa (disambiguation) may refer to:
Kannappa Nayanar, one of the 63 Nayanars
Bedara Kannappa, a Kannada film
Bhakta Kannappa, a Telugu film |
Wrinkle Neck Mules is an American band from Richmond, Virginia. The band has released 6 full-length records and one EP. Songwriting duties are primarily split between Andy Stepanian and Chase Heard, who are also owners of the clothing company Howler Brothers. The band keeps a limited touring schedule because the members are split between Virginia and Texas.
Discography
Full-length albums
Minor Enough (2003)
Pull the Brake (2006)
The Wicks Have Met (2007)
Let The Lead Fly (2009)
Apprentice To Ghosts (2012)
I Never Thought It Would Go This Far (2015)
EPs
Liza (2010)
References
External links
Official site
Lower 40 Records site
Howler Brothers site
Chase Heard paintings website
Musical groups from Virginia
American southern rock musical groups
American folk rock groups
American alternative country groups
Musical groups established in 1999
1999 establishments in Virginia |
The Angie Williams Cox Public Library is located in Pardeeville, Wisconsin. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. The library is also listed on the Wisconsin State Register of Historic Places.
History
The library was sponsored by Angie Williams Cox. It opened in its original location in 1925. A year after its opening, the library was accused of discrimination against Roman Catholics and was threatened to have its public funding pulled. The case ultimately went before the Wisconsin Supreme Court, which ruled in the library's favor. In 1934, Angie Williams Cox purchased the building that currently houses the library. The building had previously been used by the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was remodeled to suit the library.
References
Library buildings completed in 1934
Libraries on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin
Public libraries in Wisconsin
Buildings and structures in Columbia County, Wisconsin
Brick buildings and structures
National Register of Historic Places in Columbia County, Wisconsin
1934 establishments in Wisconsin |
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# This file is part of satpy.
#
# satpy is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
# version.
#
# satpy is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
# WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
#
# satpy. If not, see <path_to_url
"""The glm_l2 reader tests package."""
import os
import unittest
from unittest import mock
import numpy as np
import xarray as xr
def setup_fake_dataset():
"""Create a fake dataset to avoid opening a file."""
# flash_extent_density
fed = (np.arange(10.).reshape((2, 5)) + 1.) * 50.
fed = (fed + 1.) / 0.5
fed = fed.astype(np.int16)
fed = xr.DataArray(
fed,
dims=("y", "x"),
attrs={
"scale_factor": 0.5,
"add_offset": -1.,
"_FillValue": 0,
"units": "Count per nominal 3136 microradian^2 pixel per 1.0 min",
"grid_mapping": "goes_imager_projection",
"standard_name": "flash_extent_density",
"long_name": "Flash extent density",
}
)
dqf = xr.DataArray(
fed.data.copy().astype(np.uint8),
dims=("y", "x"),
attrs={
"_FillValue": -1,
"units": "1",
"grid_mapping": "goes_imager_projection",
"standard_name": "status_flag",
"long_name": "GLM data quality flags",
"flag_meanings": "valid invalid",
}
)
# create a variable that won't be configured to test available_datasets
not_configured = xr.DataArray(
fed.data.copy(),
dims=("y", "x"),
attrs={
"scale_factor": 0.5,
"add_offset": -1.,
"_FillValue": 0,
"units": "1",
"grid_mapping": "goes_imager_projection",
"standard_name": "test",
"long_name": "Test",
}
)
x__ = xr.DataArray(
range(5),
attrs={"scale_factor": 2., "add_offset": -1.},
dims=("x",),
)
y__ = xr.DataArray(
range(2),
attrs={"scale_factor": -2., "add_offset": 1.},
dims=("y",),
)
proj = xr.DataArray(
[],
attrs={
"semi_major_axis": 1.,
"semi_minor_axis": 1.,
"perspective_point_height": 1.,
"longitude_of_projection_origin": -90.,
"latitude_of_projection_origin": 0.,
"sweep_angle_axis": u"x"
}
)
fake_dataset = xr.Dataset(
data_vars={
"flash_extent_density": fed,
"not_configured": not_configured,
"DQF": dqf,
"x": x__,
"y": y__,
"goes_imager_projection": proj,
"nominal_satellite_subpoint_lat": np.array(0.0),
"nominal_satellite_subpoint_lon": np.array(-89.5),
"nominal_satellite_height": np.array(35786.02)
},
attrs={
"time_coverage_start": "2017-09-20T17:30:40Z",
"time_coverage_end": "2017-09-20T17:41:17Z",
"spatial_resolution": "2km at nadir",
}
)
return fake_dataset
class TestGLML2FileHandler(unittest.TestCase):
"""Tests for the GLM L2 reader."""
@mock.patch("satpy.readers.abi_base.xr")
def setUp(self, xr_):
"""Create a fake file handler to test."""
from satpy.readers.glm_l2 import NCGriddedGLML2
fake_dataset = setup_fake_dataset()
xr_.open_dataset.return_value = fake_dataset
self.reader = NCGriddedGLML2("filename",
{"platform_shortname": "G16",
"scene_abbr": "C", "scan_mode": "M3"},
{"filetype": "glm_l2_imagery"})
def test_basic_attributes(self):
"""Test getting basic file attributes."""
import datetime as dt
assert self.reader.start_time == dt.datetime(2017, 9, 20, 17, 30, 40)
assert self.reader.end_time == dt.datetime(2017, 9, 20, 17, 41, 17)
def test_get_dataset(self):
"""Test the get_dataset method."""
from satpy.tests.utils import make_dataid
key = make_dataid(name="flash_extent_density")
res = self.reader.get_dataset(key, {"info": "info"})
exp = {"instrument_ID": None,
"modifiers": (),
"name": "flash_extent_density",
"orbital_parameters": {"projection_altitude": 1.0,
"projection_latitude": 0.0,
"projection_longitude": -90.0,
# 'satellite_nominal_altitude': 35786.02,
"satellite_nominal_latitude": 0.0,
"satellite_nominal_longitude": -89.5},
"orbital_slot": None,
"platform_name": "GOES-16",
"platform_shortname": "G16",
"production_site": None,
"scan_mode": "M3",
"scene_abbr": "C",
"scene_id": None,
"spatial_resolution": "2km at nadir",
"sensor": "glm",
"timeline_ID": None,
"grid_mapping": "goes_imager_projection",
"standard_name": "flash_extent_density",
"long_name": "Flash extent density",
"units": "Count per nominal 3136 microradian^2 pixel per 1.0 min"}
assert res.attrs == exp
def test_get_dataset_dqf(self):
"""Test the get_dataset method with special DQF var."""
from satpy.tests.utils import make_dataid
key = make_dataid(name="DQF")
res = self.reader.get_dataset(key, {"info": "info"})
exp = {"instrument_ID": None,
"modifiers": (),
"name": "DQF",
"orbital_parameters": {"projection_altitude": 1.0,
"projection_latitude": 0.0,
"projection_longitude": -90.0,
# 'satellite_nominal_altitude': 35786.02,
"satellite_nominal_latitude": 0.0,
"satellite_nominal_longitude": -89.5},
"orbital_slot": None,
"platform_name": "GOES-16",
"platform_shortname": "G16",
"production_site": None,
"scan_mode": "M3",
"scene_abbr": "C",
"scene_id": None,
"spatial_resolution": "2km at nadir",
"sensor": "glm",
"timeline_ID": None,
"grid_mapping": "goes_imager_projection",
"units": "1",
"_FillValue": -1,
"standard_name": "status_flag",
"long_name": "GLM data quality flags",
"flag_meanings": "valid invalid"}
assert res.attrs == exp
assert np.issubdtype(res.dtype, np.integer)
class TestGLML2Reader(unittest.TestCase):
"""Test high-level reading functionality of GLM L2 reader."""
yaml_file = "glm_l2.yaml"
@mock.patch("satpy.readers.abi_base.xr")
def setUp(self, xr_):
"""Create a fake reader to test."""
from satpy._config import config_search_paths
from satpy.readers import load_reader
self.reader_configs = config_search_paths(os.path.join("readers", self.yaml_file))
fake_dataset = setup_fake_dataset()
xr_.open_dataset.return_value = fake_dataset
r = load_reader(self.reader_configs)
loadables = r.select_files_from_pathnames([
your_sha256_hash00350.nc",
your_sha256_hash2862200350.nc",
])
assert len(loadables) == 2
r.create_filehandlers(loadables)
self.reader = r
def test_available_datasets(self):
"""Test that resolution is added to YAML configured variables."""
# make sure we have some files
assert self.reader.file_handlers
available_datasets = list(self.reader.available_dataset_ids)
# flash_extent_density, DQF, and not_configured are available in our tests
assert len(available_datasets) == 3
for ds_id in available_datasets:
assert ds_id["resolution"] == 2000
# make sure not_configured was discovered
names = [dataid["name"] for dataid in available_datasets]
assert "not_configured" in names
``` |
Virtual Deep Sea Fishing is a 1998 fishing video game by Korean developer Taff System, released in English-speaking countries in 1999 by Interplay Entertainment. The game is part of the publisher's Nakksigwang series of fishing video games, and the first to be distributed outside of South Korea.
Gameplay
Players can choose one of twelve locations to fish, and eight boats to fish from, each with unique qualities such as length, beam and speed which influences the gameplay. The game focuses on larger fish, of which there are eighteen to catch, including sharks, each with different difficulties and attributes in behaviour, appetite and size. Catching fish in Virtual Deep Sea Fishing requires the player to consider bait, position, activity in the radar and underwater camera. The player catches fish by using a combination of mouse and arrow keys. The game has a passive fishing mode and a tournament mode with time limits to catch certain numbers of fish or fish of certain qualities to pass to the next round. The game also features a gallery mode to display the fish that the player has caught.
Reception
Reviewers for IGN critiqued the graphical presentation and gameplay, stating "the scenery is identical" across locales, that there are limited "hints, clues or visual indicators (to) tip you off to the areas were fish are", and the fishing model is "depressing" due to the lack of skill involved with casting and limited movement once the fishing pole is in the water. In a milder review, Ed Dawson of PC PowerPlay praised the game, stating it "pulls of this simulation very well" and was "mildly relaxing" to play, although noted its "overly simplistic, essentially bland gameplay".
References
External links
1998 video games
Fishing video games
Interplay Entertainment games
Video games developed in South Korea
Windows games
Windows-only games
Single-player video games |
Amesbury School is a co-educational independent prep school in the Hindhead/Haslemere area of Surrey, England, educating pupils between the ages of 9 months and 13 years. It was founded in 1870. The Grade II*-listed main building was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens and stands on a estate.
Ethos
Amesbury was ISI Inspected in September 2017 and was awarded 'Excellent' within every category.
In 2021 the Good Schools Guide described Amesbury 2something special is going on here, a truly balanced school that delivers a progressive education wrapped in traditional values and served in the most picturesque setting. Parents and teachers are aligned and children are happy and achieving. As one parent said, 'It totally delivers'".
History
The Reverend Edmund Fowle, the son of the vicar of Amesbury, Wiltshire – Rev. Fulwar William Fowle – founded his school in 1870 in Redhill in Surrey, as Amesbury House. It moved to Reigate a year later and then, in 1876, it moved again, this time to a seven-acre site in Bickley, Kent. All of these moves were due to growing pupil numbers.
In 1887 Amesbury House was sold to E. H. Moore who ran it in partnership with E. A. Thompson until 1889 when the latter migrated to South Africa. Continuing success entailed another move and Bickley House was bought in 1902. At this point the school's name changed to that which it bears today. Moore died a year later and in The Old Amesburians Club instituted a prize in his memory which is still awarded today.
The school moved to its current location at the end of 1917, to Hindhead, under the headmastership of E. Cotgreave Brown. The reason on this occasion was to be further away from the dangers of London in war-time and to benefit from the healthy atmosphere of a rural location. It also became full boarding at this time.
The main school building had been designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens in 1903. The building is today classified as a Grade 2* structure as it was the earliest design completed by Lutyens in the Wren style. Of particular interest are the strainer arches in the upstairs passage and the small windows on the eastern western face of the building, small because Lutyens believed that a room should contain pools of light rather than overall brightness.
In 1920 Brown resigned and was replaced by C. L. MacDonald. By the autumn term of 1923, there were a then record 51 boarders. A neighbouring house called Bracklands was bought in 1927 and was to remain part of the school until 1979, housing classrooms, library, music and games room and some staff accommodation. MacDonald died in 1939,
The next headmaster, Major Tom Reynolds, took over the school in 1938 as MacDonald's health was failing. One of the first things he did was to help design the school chapel, which built during the summer holidays and dedicated on 2 October 1938 in the name of St Francis, by the Right Reverend J.V. Macmillan, Bishop of Guildford. The wooden paneling covering the walls of the chancel was completed in 1942 and was a gift to the school from General Sir Bernard Montgomery and his son, David, who had been a pupil since 1936. Amesbury was 'home' for Montgomery and David during the 1940s and the Reynolds became David's guardians. King George V1 gave Montgomery his consent to allow the Amesbury Chapel Choir to wear scarlet cassocks.
By 1944 Amesbury had become Montgomery's Rear HQ. A plaque was put on the door of his room in the headmaster's house with the 21st Army Group sign and it was here and in the summerhouse in the remembrance garden that he was visited by his staff and generals. Here he also made his final plans for D-Day.
On 5 June 1944 Montgomery dined at Amesbury before leaving for Normandy. "That evening, Monty drove up to Hindhead to see the Reynolds and to make "final arrangements" regarding David." Reynolds retired four years later, being replaced as headmaster by A. G. Peel.
1970, the school's centenary, was a year of extreme difficulty and a crucial one in Amesbury's history. After a long period of good pupil numbers and a virtually unchanged staff, which had ensured a good record of academic success, changes began to happen. Peel was himself reaching an age when he could reasonably think of retiring and there had been one or two abortive attempts to find a suitable successor to take over the school. Eventually the parents formed a committee, chaired by H. H. Rose. OBE, and looked into the possibility of turning the school into an Educational Trust. By May the £25,000 minimum required had been assured by interest free loans and donations: the school became an Educational Trust and a board of governors was appointed, with Peel continuing as headmaster until a replacement could be found. Today the main academic scholarship is named 'The Rose Scholarship'.
During this uncertain time, numbers in the school suffered and by the time Dominick Spencer became the school's first salaried headmaster in 1971, there were only 59 boys in the school. The next three years saw numbers steadily rise: full boarding continued but day boys were welcomed and weekly boarding was started for the younger pupils. With numbers steadily increasing, the school was back on a sound financial footing and the governors felt able to start some much needed improvements.
The old theatre was now too small and the gymnasium was converted to act as a centre for PT, fencing, badminton, theatre and cinema. In 1973, with Science due to become a compulsory subject in Common Entrance, a dedicated teaching facility was needed. The next few years saw gradual improvements throughout the school. The early 1980s saw the stable block converted for staff accommodation and the old vegetable garden became grass tennis courts until 1987 when the all-weather hard courts were built. A new teaching block was added in 1987 housing classrooms, art room and a new science lab. Always known as the New Block, in 1995, the main entrance was renamed Spencers as a tribute to Dominick and Sue Spencer, who retired in 1989 and were succeeded until 1994 by Paul Cheater.
In 1987 Amesbury opened a Pre-Prep Department catering for pupils under seven.
Former Heads
E. Cotgreave Brown 1917
Jonathan Whybrow 2010
Nigel Taylor 2017
References
External links
Preparatory schools in Surrey
Works of Edwin Lutyens in England
Grade II* listed buildings in Surrey
Haslemere
Educational institutions established in 1870
1870 establishments in England |
London Rail was a directorate of Transport for London (TfL), involved in the relationship with the National Rail network within Greater London, UK which managed TfL's non-London Underground train services.
Rail for London, established in 2006, actually provides rail passenger transport services in London.
Operations
London Rail managed the London Overground (LO), London Trams, the Docklands Light Railway (DLR), and the Elizabeth line. As part of an internal restructure within TfL, it recently merged with the (previously separate) London Underground directorate, bringing all of Greater London local transport services on rails under one division.
The London Overground was established in 2007 when TfL took over the control of the former National Rail Silverlink franchise in 2007. It has since taken on more services through a former London Underground line and over other Network Rail lines. London Rail lets a concession to operate the Overground. Operation is contracted to Arriva Rail London (owned by Arriva UK Trains) until 2024.
London Trams is responsible only for the Croydon Tram known as Tramlink. Tramlink was set up in 2000 by a private finance initiative. It was bought by TfL in 2008 and is operated on its behalf by FirstGroup. London Trams has been working on proposals for other tram schemes in west and central London, however as of 2011 all are unfunded or cancelled.
The Docklands Light Railway was established in 1987 and has seen significant expansion since. Its operation has been contracted out as a concession to a joint venture between Keolis and Amey since 2014. There are also other concessionaires who have built and managed extensions.
The Elizabeth Line (formerly known as Crossrail) also operates as a concession from London Rail. It already operates the Shenfield Metro services, taking over from Abellio Greater Anglia on 31 May 2015, as well as the ex-Heathrow Connect route since 20 May 2018.
National Rail in Greater London
The National Rail network within Greater London carries large numbers of commuters into London and also provides many local services, especially within South London.
Under the Greater London Authority Act 1999 Transport for London was given powers to consult with the train operators and as such London Rail is therefore more of an enabler than an operator, and has developed partnerships with the Department for Transport (who are responsible for rail strategy), Network Rail (who own the infrastructure) and the various train operating companies (who operate the services) in order to further its aims.
A pilot project was launched in 2003 to promote the various services provided by train operating companies in South London under one umbrella brand, Overground Network. The scheme included station upgrades, signage and publicity, but promotion of the brand had ceased by 2007.
London Rail also influences rail freight and freight depots in Greater London. In August 2007, London Rail published its 'Rail Freight Strategy' report.
Both former Mayors of London Ken Livingstone and Boris Johnson have expressed the desire to gain control of all local rail services in Greater London in the future and make them part of the London Overground. London Overground has already taken over Lea Valley Lines services from Liverpool Street to Enfield Town, Cheshunt and Chingford and
Romford to Upminster Line services on 31 May 2015.
References
London Overground
Rail |
Birmingham St. George's F.C. was a football club based in Smethwick, England. The club started as St George's FC in Aston, before moving to the Cape Hill brewery in 1886 under the name Mitchell St George's.
Ancestry
The club's origin was in two separate clubs:
Mitchells Brewery FC, a club claiming a foundation date of 1873, being the works side of the Mitchells & Butlers brewery;
St George's FC, a club founded in 1875, and based at Fentham Road in Aston.
St George's
St George's was active within the Birmingham & District Football Association, being founder members in late 1875. One of the first games for St George's was against Aston Villa in December 1875. Aston Park became available to the public for recreation, and this led to several new clubs being founded in the district and by 1877, around twenty clubs shared the footballing areas. St. Georges competed for space with Westminsters, Harold, Florence, Forward, Excelsior and other short lived outfits. St. Georges moved to a ground at Fentham Road at the end of 1877, near the junction with Birchfield Road, and was notable for sloping downhill from the spectator entrance end; it was also known as "the Basin" from its tendency to flood. In the days before goal-nets, the lower goal was backed by boards. When St. Georges departed Fentham Road, sister club Excelsior moved in, and after their demise following mass departures to Villa and Mitchell St. Georges, Aston Victoria became Fentham Road occupiers in the 1890s (Lost Teams Of The Midlands Revisited, M.Bradbury, 2010
publisher J.Griffiths Publishing).
The club entered the first Birmingham Senior Cup in 1876, losing in a second replay in the first round to Cannock at the Bott Lane ground in Walsall. The following year it lost 2–0 to Aston Villa, who, at the time, were still an amateur club. The club's first significant run in the competition came in 1878–79, losing to Walsall Swifts in the quarter-finals of the competition, in front of 750 spectators at Fentham Road.
First silverware
The club's first trophy success came in 1883–84, when it beat West Bromwich Albion in the final of the Staffordshire Cup. Albion were favourites for the game, being the defending champions, and having reached the semi-finals of the Birmingham Senior Cup; however the Dragons won 2–1 in front of 5,500 spectators at the Victoria Ground. The winning goal came when Albion goalkeeper Roberts caught a shot from Denny Hodgetts, but Tommy Green charged him and the ball through the goalposts by several yards. Albion signed Green shortly afterwards.
Reputation growth
The club's growing reputation was demonstrated by it being the first Birmingham opponents of Preston North End, holding the Lancashire side to a 2–2 draw at Fentham Road in October 1884. 1884–85 proved the club's best season yet, as the club beat the Albion again in the Birmingham Senior Cup, and reached the third round of the FA Cup. The highlight of the Cup run was the fastest-ever hat-trick in a match, Tommy Green scoring three in four minutes against Aston Unity. The club went out to Walsall Swifts in controversial circumstances. Despite losing midfielder Barton to injury in the first few minutes, the Dragons took a 2–0 lead at half-time, but conceded an own goal soon after the change of ends, and, with 25 minutes to go and the score 2–2, the referee - a Mr Willison of Wednesbury Old Athletic - allowed a goal for the Swifts which the Dragons claimed had not crossed the line. St George's left the pitch and protested to the FA but the protest was dismissed.
Mitchell St George's
As the Football Association legalized professionalism in 1885, St George's faced the same problems as other teams in the Aston area, namely being able to retain players when Villa, having been illegally professional over previous seasons and having considerable financial backing, were now able openly to attract players from other local clubs; this problem was exacerbated by the FA Cup rules on residency, meaning St George's were competing with Aston Unity and Birmingham Excelsior, as well as Villa, for a limited pool of players.
However, at the start of the 1885–86 season, rather than stay in Aston, the club received an offer from Harry Mitchell, son of the owner of the Cape Hill brewery, to move from the north to the west of Birmingham; the connection came via goalkeeper Harry Stansbie, who was a cellarman at the brewery. Mitchell became the club president and arranged for the club to take over the facilities of the brewery team (which had never entered any competition of note), in particular the athletics stadium at the brewery which was being re-built, the club changing its name in his honour. It is likely that Mitchell had been funding the team in the preceding years, as in 1882 the Birmingham FA took action against St George's for playing Green and Hodgetts, both of whom had been paid for playing for Great Lever in Lancashire earlier in the year, and so were illegal professionals.
The ground was not ready for the new season, so the club spent 1885–86 playing their home games at the Bellefield ground (the home of the G. K. Nettlefold works side) in Winson Green, Birmingham. The advantage of the move was that the club was less susceptible to losing players to Villa, and the brewery could employ players in sinecure jobs to enable them to play for the club as professionals; however, the club was now geographically close to West Bromwich Albion, which was also enjoying heavy financial backing, from the Salters engineering company.
The move was also too late for the club to retain the services of Denny Hodgetts, who had played for the club since 1881 and had scored five goals for the club in the FA Cup. Hodgetts moved to Villa in 1886 and scored for them in the Cup final the following year.
Formal merger of St George's and Mitchells
At the start of the 1886–87 season, the brewery side and the St George's clubs formally merged, under the name Mitchell's St George's. The impetus seems to have been significant debts for St George's, of over £100, which Harry Mitchell cleared.
The resulting influx of brewery money, and players including two players from Excelsior, one from Small Heath Alliance, and one from Wolverhampton Wanderers, improved the side, which was described as a "rare team" likely to "take a position in the front ranks".
The Cape Hill ground was ready for 1886–87, and considered one of the finest pitches in the country, its disadvantage being a lack of suitable stands. The club was unlucky in the FA Cup and the Birmingham Senior Cup, being drawn against West Bromwich Albion, by now one of the top sides in the country, in both; the Albion were runners-up in the latter and winners of the former.
Misfortune in the FA Cup
The club was particularly unlucky in its FA Cup quarter-final, played at the neutral venue of the Aston Lower Grounds. The Dragons dominated the second half, had what spectators thought was a good claim to a goal disallowed, and lost to a freak goal in the 83rd minute after Harry Stansbie slipped in heavy snow while trying to clear the ball, and Albion's Woodhall, following up, put in a high shot that most spectators thought had gone over the bar, but which was awarded as a goal. On the referee accepting the Albion claim, the Albion umpire "danced about the field in the most frantic manner". The Dragons put in a protest which the FA dismissed "with such haste...that precludes a thorough sifting of the matter." In a sign of potential problems, however, the club's AGM heard that the club had incurred "very heavy expenses", although for the moment "the balance sheet showed an account on the right side".
Birmingham St George's
Exclusion from the Football League
Despite a lack of silverware, by 1888 the club had a strong reputation, the Birmingham Daily Post in May 1888 declaring the club to be one of the four best teams in the Midlands (the others being Aston Villa, West Bromwich Albion, and Wolverhampton Wanderers, all of whom would be founder members of the Football League). The club was also invited to take part in the Derby County Charity Cup at the end of the 1887–88 season, and duly won the trophy, beating Derby County 3–2 in the semi-final at the County Ground and Notts Rangers 2–1 in the final at the same venue; the club would reach the semi-final the following season.
Nevertheless, the club was not invited to the new League; William McGregor, Aston Villa secretary, decreeing that each town could only send one club to the League, thereby excluding the Dragons. Even though the club was technically based in Smethwick rather than Aston or Birmingham, the club was often referred to as a Birmingham club, with newspapers sometimes referring to the team as a Birmingham team and players as "the Brums" [sic]. Consequently, although Bolton Wanderers suggested that the Dragons be invited to join, the club missed out, which, in the longer term, proved to be the club's death knell.
The Combination and further rejection
Because of this exclusion, the club became one of the founder members of the Combination, an alternative to the Football League for those clubs excluded from it, Harry Mitchell becoming the Combination's president. At the start of the season the club also removed the "Mitchells" from its name, "because of the Limited Liability Act, it is said"; the club was afterwards habitually known as Birmingham St George's in an attempt to widen the supporter base. The club had high hopes for the combination season, having retained the players from 1887–88, and recruiting several new players, including Billy Siddons and recruits from Aston Shakespeare. The Combination however disbanded after a season because of a lack of proper central organization in arranging fixtures. Each of the 20 clubs was to arrange 16 fixtures, in order to leave dates free for FA and local cup matches, but, by April, many teams had failed to reach the target and the Combination fizzled out. The Dragons had played the required games, with a record of 6 wins, 6 draws, and 4 defeats, the highlight being a 10-1 win over Notts Rangers on 12 January 1889.
At the end of the 1888–89 season, the Dragons applied to become members of League. Notwithstanding McGregor's franchise recommendation, and in part due to support from William Sudell of Preston North End, the club gained 5 votes at the League's annual A.G.M., 2 behind Notts County, who (along with the other of the bottom four teams) had to seek re-election to the League; the bottom four teams were all allowed to vote in the election, which resulted in them all "vot[ing] themselves in again" - 6 of the 12 ballots were simply to return the bottom four.
Football Alliance
The clubs which had lost out in the Football League vote formed an alternative league competition, the Football Alliance, which was more successful than the Combination by being more on Football League lines.
Crowds were lower than those of Football League clubs, not helped by the club having increased ticket prices to cope with the increased expenditure, and, with League clubs having their calendars tied up almost exclusively in playing other League clubs, St George's had lost access to lucrative friendlies against their closest rivals. There was some compensation in that those that did attend did so with "boisterous enthusiasm" and the local media boasting the crowd to be the loudest in football however the same media also warned that the lack of income from spectators could leave the club "in a bad position".
One other problem for the club was that on-pitch violence in matches with Aston Villa had been so prevalent that the clubs had agreed never to meet again; when the clubs were forced to meet at Cape Hill in the Birmingham Senior Cup on 8 February 1890, the attendance (variously given as 8,500 or "over 10,000") was the second-highest of the season. Significantly, the only attendance to beat that in the season was not an Alliance match, but in the FA Cup, against Notts County. The Dragons' highest Alliance attendance in the season (and the club's highest attendance for a home Alliance fixture) was 5,000, i.e. less than half, for the derby against Small Heath Alliance.
There was controversy regarding the club's game with Sunderland Albion on 4 January 1890. The club won 5–3, but the Alliance ordered the match to be replayed, on the basis that the referee had not played the full 90 minutes. St George's refused to replay the fixture, so the Alliance annulled the result and awarded 2 points to Albion. The result would have put St George's second in the table, but the club slipped back after a run of four defeats and a draw in five games March and April. The club agreed with Walsall Town Swifts, its opponents in both the final game of the season and in the Staffordshire Cup Final, to have the final stand as a match for the Alliance as well. Played at the Wednesbury Oval in front of 4,000 spectators, the Dragons came from 3–2 down at half-time to win 5–3 and secure their final trophy.
There was also controversy in the FA Cup, the club reaching the first round and being given the opportunity to gain some revenge on Notts County. In a replay, County won 6–2, but St George's protested on the basis that a County player (John Clements) played an illegal match under an assumed name.
1890–91 saw the Dragons' best season in the Alliance, finishing fourth of the twelve clubs, including beating champions Stoke 5–2. The club's ill-luck in the FA Cup with West Bromwich Albion continued; in the second round tie with the Albion, after the Dragons dominated the early part of the game, McGuffie was forced to leave the field after being elbowed in the face by Siddons, and the club lost 3–0.
Even though the club was pushing for the Alliance title towards the end of the season - in mid-March, the Dragons were second in the table, seven points behind Stoke, but with three games in hand - the club's crowds were poor. The crowd for the home game with Darwen attracted "exceptionally few" spectators, just 800 watched the penultimate home game with Crewe Alexandra, and the highest home crowd was a mere 2,000 for the derbies with Walsall and Small Heath; no side had a lower average attendance. The club's falling away towards the end of the season was in part due to leading scorer Jack Devey signing for Aston Villa, news of which broke in February, which led to Devey being abused by the home support - the Dragons refused to play him in the final Alliance matches. Devey was absent for the club's loss in the semi-final of the Staffordshire Cup to Aston Villa, and the club played the match in effect with ten men, as McVickers was injured in the early stages and a passenger for the remainder.
Brewery ceasing support
Despite the promising 1890–91 League season, the club was in serious financial difficulties. In order to raise funds, Mitchell proposed that the club become a limited liability company, and £426 was promised in contributions, £100 coming from Mitchell and his father. However, with only £320 actually received and the legal expenses likely to be around £60, the resolution was rescinded, the club instead trying to raise money via a season ticket fund.
At the end of the season, the brewery announced that it would sever its connection with the club. Perhaps as a result of this, the club did not apply to join the Football League, even though Darwen, who had finished two places below them in the Alliance, did so successfully.
To soften the blow, the brewery allowed free use of the ground at Cape Hill, and both Henry Mitchell Sr and Jr would contribute £50 each per year. However the club "literally had no money" and without the brewery support it was unable to compete with the professional clubs of the Alliance.
Final season
The Dragons lost key players before the start of the season. The club had already lost Jack Devey to Villa, and now lost George Kinsey to Wolves; John McVicker to Accrington; John Castle to West Brom; Ted Hadley to Burton Swifts; and William Siddons, only recently recruited from Villa, to Darwen F.C. In Devey and Hadley, the Dragons had lost their leading scorer and regular goalkeeper respectively, and the other players were all first-choice starters.
The long-standing club secretary William Stainsbie also resigned and was replaced by a Mr Hobson, who forgot to register one player (Matthews) and forgot to send the registration of another player (McGuffie) to the Alliance the required seven days before the start of the season, with the result that, on 5 September 1891, at Walsall Town Swifts, the club fielded both players when neither was eligible. Although the Dragons won 3–1, they were deducted the two points gained, and fined £5.
The depleted side finished bottom of the Alliance, four points adrift of Walsall. The club conceded 29 goals in its final 5 away matches. A measure of the lack of support the club had is shown by the away derby at Small Heath attracting 3,000 spectators, but the home game two months later only attracting 500; similarly, although 4,500 had turned up to the Chuckery for the first game of the season at Walsall, the return at Cape Hill a fortnight later was watched by 1,000.
The club exited both the FA Cup and Birmingham Senior Cup at the first time of asking. In the Senior Cup, the club lost to Burton Swifts 2–1, the club's goal coming in the last minute. In the FA Cup, the club was drawn away to Sunderland Albion, and both teams protested about the state of the pitch before kick-off, following a hard frost. The referee ordered the teams to play an exhibition match as he ruled the ground unfit for a Cup tie. This turned out to be a mistake on St George's part, as they won the game 2–1, but the FA upheld both teams' protest, and ordered a replay, which Albion won with ease.
At the end of the season, the other eleven clubs of the Alliance were accepted into the Football League, three of them directly into the First Division and eight (with other clubs) forming the first Second Division. The only club not to join was St George's. With significant debts, limited financial backing, ground owned by a third party, and no substantial public support, the club did not apply to join the League, and disbanded. One of the last actions of the club was to sue former player Harry Davies, who had moved to The Wednesday, for 5 guineas in overpaid wages (the club was paying him 25 shillings per match and had confused him with another Davies), as, despite selling Davies to Wednesday for £40, the wound-up club was still £60 in debt.
Continuation of works side
The brewery continued its works side, under the name Mitchells & Butlers Football Club, at a regional league level, until the 1990s.
Grounds
1875–85: Fentham Road, Aston
1885–86: Bellefield, Winson Green, Birmingham
1886–92: Cape Hill Brewery, Smethwick
Colours
The club's first colours were black shirts with a red dragon; these were changed in the early 1880s to white shirts, with a black Maltese cross badge, and black shorts. For the first match at the Bellefield ground, in the 1885–86 season, the club adopted maroon and pale blue striped jerseys.
In 1888, Harry Mitchell ordered a new set of white shirts with black collars, with the badge replaced by a depiction of St George slaying the dragon, and a set of the colours reversed for a change kit.
The works brewery side played in dark and light blue hoops.
Records
Record League win: 6–1 v Newton Heath, Football Alliance, 10 January 1891, and Walsall Town Swifts, 19 September 1891
Record League defeat: 1–11 v Crewe Alexandra, Football Alliance, 12 March 1892
Record Cup win: 16–1 v Aston Clifton, Birmingham Senior Cup, 1st round, 8 October 1887
Record Cup defeat: 0–9 v Wednesbury Old Athletic, FA Cup 1st round, 5 November 1881
Record attendance: 12,000 v Notts County, FA Cup 1st round, 18 January 1889
Notable players
Dennis Hodgetts, Jack Devey, Albert Brown, James Welford - Cup winners with Aston Villa
Arthur Brown and Howard Vaughton - first Aston Villa internationals
Tommy Green - twice FA Cup finalist with West Bromwich Albion, also amongst Aston Villa's first League players and scorer of their first League goal
George Kinsey - moved to Wolverhampton Wanderers in January 1891 and later won 4 caps for England
No player received an international cap while playing for the Dragons, but Davies and Devey both represented the Football Alliance in a representative game against the Football League in April 1891, at Olive Grove, which ended in a 1-1 draw.
Seasons
References
External links
Association football clubs established in 1875
Association football clubs disestablished in 1892
Defunct football clubs in England
1875 establishments in England
1892 disestablishments in England
Football clubs in Birmingham, West Midlands
Defunct football clubs in the West Midlands (county) |
```go
// contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
// this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// Package sql contains SQL transform APIs, allowing SQL queries to be used
// in Beam Go pipelines.
//
// NOTE: This feature only works when an expansion service/handler is
// registered for SQL transform. The APIs are subject to change without
// backward compatibility guarantees.
package sql
import (
"reflect"
"github.com/apache/beam/sdks/v2/go/pkg/beam"
"github.com/apache/beam/sdks/v2/go/pkg/beam/core/graph"
"github.com/apache/beam/sdks/v2/go/pkg/beam/core/runtime/xlangx"
"github.com/apache/beam/sdks/v2/go/pkg/beam/core/typex"
"github.com/apache/beam/sdks/v2/go/pkg/beam/transforms/sql/sqlx"
)
// Option is the base type of all the SQL transform options.
type Option func(sqlx.Options)
// options contain all the options for a SQL transform.
type options struct {
dialect string
expansionAddr string
inputs map[string]beam.PCollection
outType beam.FullType
customs []sqlx.Option
}
func (o *options) Add(opt sqlx.Option) {
o.customs = append(o.customs, opt)
}
// Input adds a named PCollection input to the transform.
func Input(name string, in beam.PCollection) Option {
return func(o sqlx.Options) {
o.(*options).inputs[name] = in
}
}
// OutputType specifies the output PCollection type of the transform.
// It must match the SQL output schema.
//
// There is currently no default output type, so users must set this option.
// In the future, Row, once implemented, may become the default output type.
func OutputType(t reflect.Type, components ...typex.FullType) Option {
return func(o sqlx.Options) {
o.(*options).outType = typex.New(t, components...)
}
}
// Dialect specifies the SQL dialect, e.g. use 'zetasql' for ZetaSQL.
func Dialect(dialect string) Option {
return func(o sqlx.Options) {
o.(*options).dialect = dialect
}
}
// ExpansionAddr is the URL of the expansion service to use.
func ExpansionAddr(addr string) Option {
return func(o sqlx.Options) {
o.(*options).expansionAddr = addr
}
}
// Transform creates a SQL-based transform over zero or more PCollections
// and/or named data sources.
//
// PCollection inputs can be added using the sql.Input option. SQL queries can
// also refer to external tables that can be resolved by the expansion service.
//
// The output PCollection type must be specified by the sql.OutputType option.
//
// Example:
//
// in := beam.Create(s, 1, 2, 3)
// out := sql.Transform(s, "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t",
// sql.Input("t", in),
// sql.OutputType(reflect.TypeOf(int64(0))))
// // `out` is a PCollection<int64> with a single element 3.
//
// If an expansion service address is not provided as an option, one will be
// automatically started for the transform.
func Transform(s beam.Scope, query string, opts ...Option) beam.PCollection {
o := &options{
inputs: make(map[string]beam.PCollection),
}
for _, opt := range opts {
opt(o)
}
if o.outType == nil {
panic("output type must be specified for sql.Transform")
}
payload := beam.CrossLanguagePayload(&sqlx.ExpansionPayload{
Query: query,
Dialect: o.dialect,
})
expansionAddr := sqlx.DefaultExpansionAddr
if o.expansionAddr != "" {
expansionAddr = xlangx.Require(o.expansionAddr)
}
out := beam.CrossLanguage(s, sqlx.Urn, payload, expansionAddr, o.inputs, beam.UnnamedOutput(o.outType))
return out[graph.UnnamedOutputTag]
}
``` |
Notonomus rainbowi is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Sloane in 1902.
References
Notonomus
Beetles described in 1902 |
Harry Roberts (born 13 December 1960 in Lusaka, Northern Rhodesia) is a former South African rugby union player. He was qualified to play for both South Africa and Scotland.
Rugby Union career
Amateur career
In 1987, Roberts moved to Leicester and spent a couple of years at the club.
The following season he played for London Scottish.
Provincial career
Roberts made his debut for Transvaal in 1985 and played 16 matches for Transvaal in 1985 and 1986., after which he returned to Transvaal and played a further 79 matches for the union. He was a member of the Transvaal teams that lost in the Currie Cup finals of 1991 and 1992.
He played for the Scottish Exiles in the Scottish Inter-District Championship.
International career
He was capped by Scotland 'B' to play against Ireland 'B' on 22 December 1990.
Roberts toured with the Springboks to France and England in 1992. He did not play in any test matches on tour, but played in six tour matches and scored one try for the Springboks.
See also
List of South Africa national rugby union players – Springbok no. 573
References
1960 births
Living people
South African rugby union players
South Africa international rugby union players
Golden Lions players
Leicester Tigers players
Alumni of Marondera High School
Sportspeople from Lusaka
Scotland 'B' international rugby union players
London Scottish F.C. players
Rugby union hookers
Scottish Exiles (rugby union) players |
The New Testament Household Codes (in German nicknamed Haustafeln), also known as New Testament Domestic Codes, consist of instructions in New Testament writings associated with the apostles Paul and Peter to pairs of Christian people within the structure of a typical Roman household. The main foci of the Household Codes are upon husband/wife, parent (father)/child, and master/slave relationships. Some argue that The Codes were developed to urge the new first century Christians to comply with the non-negotiable requirements of Roman Patria Potestas law, and to meet the needs for order within the fledgling churches. The two main texts that address these relationships and duties are Ephesians and Colossians . An underlying Household Code is also reflected in 1 Timothy 2:1ff., 8ff.; 3:1ff., 8ff.; 5:17ff.; 6:1f.; and . Historically, proof texts from the New Testament Household Codes—from the first century to the present day—have been used to define a married Christian woman's role in relation to her husband, and to disqualify women from primary ministry positions in Christian churches.
The term Haustafel
The German word Haustafel ("house table"), plural Haustafeln, refers to a summary table of specific actions members of each domestic pair in a household are expected to perform. The term is said to have been coined by Martin Luther. A Haustafel is included in Luther's Small Catechism.
Historical setting
According to certain studies, the public life of women in the time of Jesus was far more restricted than in Old Testament times. At the time the apostles were writing their letters concerning the Household Codes (Haustafeln), Roman law vested enormous power (Patria Potestas, lit. "the rule of the fathers") in the husband over his "family" (pater familias) which included his wife, children, agnatic descendants, slaves, and freedmen. Originally this power was absolute and included the power of life and death. He could acknowledge, banish, kill, or disown a child. A first-century jurist recounts the story of a man beating his wife to death because she had drunk some wine. His neighbors approved.
Church-state relations in the Roman Empire at the time were far from ideal.
The Christians rejected ancestral pagan customs and Hellenistic religions.
Christian preaching about a new king Jesus sounded like revolution.
Christians were often very unpopular and severe religious persecution of them had begun.
Paul's success at Ephesus had provoked a riot to defend the cult of the goddess Artemis.
In 64 AD, the Great Fire of Rome destroyed over seventy percent of Rome. A rumor had gone forth which accused Nero of starting the fire himself, and that he had even sung a song from his Palace tower as he watched the flames engulf the city. At that time Christians were a rather obscure religious sect with a small following in the city. To "suppress this rumor" according to Tacitus, Nero blamed the Christians and killed a “vast multitude” of them as scapegoats. Nero supported widespread persecution of Christians, including having his victims fed to the lions during giant spectacles held in the city's remaining amphitheater. He took pleasure in the Christian persecutions and even offered many of them upon stakes to be burned to death as torches for his parties. Many others of them were sewn into skins of animals and fed to starving dogs while the mob cheered.
Sources of the concept
In a Tübingen dissertation, James E. Crouch identifies as the earliest traceable form of the Christian Household Code, with further developments being found in Ephesians, the pastorals, and 1 Peter (as well as in early patristic literature: 1 Clement, Polycarp, Didache, and Barnabas). Crouch concludes that the early Christians found in Hellenistic Judaism a Code which they adapted and Christianized.
The concept of Household Codes was borrowed from Greek and Roman ethics, according to Suzanne Henderson. She notes that over the past century, scholars have identified a range of parallels between the Colossians Household Code and the writings of the Greco-Roman world. She writes that Martin Dibelius emphasized the influence of Stoic thought, while others have argued that the Code "bears the influence of Hellenistic Jewish writers such as Philo and Josephus.
Stagg writes:
"The form of the Code stressing reciprocal social duties is traced to Judaism's own Oriental background, with its strong moral/ethical demand but also with a low view of woman.... At bottom is probably to be seen the perennial tension between freedom and order.... What mattered to (Paul) was 'a new creation' and 'in Christ' there is 'not any Jew not Greek, not any slave nor free, not any male and female.
Intent of the Codes
Various theologians have assorted opinions as to why the apostles wrote the Codes in the first place, and then why they were directed to a variety of recipients in several New Testament passages. Some believe that the intent of the Codes is not universal throughout the passages in which they appear. They believe it necessary to determine the specific function of a Code within a specific New Testament passage. Timothy Gombis posits that the most important factor in determining the purpose of the Code is to consider the literary context in which it appears.
An apologetic thrust
For order within churches and society
To humanize antagonistic domestic relationships
Responsibility and mutual respect
Manifesto for maintaining hierarchical attitudes
Though the suggested intents have some common threads, the following are what appear to be the predominant theories of the original intent of the Household Codes of Paul and Peter:
An apologetic thrust
Margaret MacDonald argues that the Haustafel, particularly as it appears in Ephesians, was aimed at “reducing the tension between community members and outsiders.”
The early Christian Church, from its inception until the persecution under Nero in 64 AD, was tolerated by the Roman authorities who regarded it as merely another Jewish sect.
The relationship between the Church and Judaism was far more tempestuous as can be seen within the Acts of the Apostles. Prior to the burning of Rome, their persecution was from the Jews. The Christians were regarded by both the common people and the authorities as being separatists. The Christian lifestyle itself distanced it from that of the pagan world.
During the first centuries, imperial Roman authorities considered Christian loyalty to Christ as disloyalty to their state. Toivo Pilli reports that the vast majority of Rome’s citizens and subjects experienced no burden of conscience even to public human sacrifices. The views of Christians tended to be seen quite differently since they added theological and ethical evaluation to all civil acts. When Christians opposed an imperial cult, they were deemed to have denied the emperor’s right to rule. Toivo Pilli writes how Pliny the Younger (61 AD – ca. 112 AD) explained his policy for dealing with Christians:
If for three times they did not deny being Christians, he sentenced them to death, because "whatever kind of crime it may be to which they have confessed, their pertinacity and inflexible obstinacy should certainly be punished".
Pilli argues that Christians may have taken too literally the attitude of the first apostles: "We must obey God rather than men". He characterizes it as a "curiously subversive" text when compared with which opens with the injunction to "Let everyone be subject to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which God has established".
Theologian Timothy Gombis, in his scholarly article about the Haustafel in Ephesians, says that biblical scholars have typically treated it as a resource in the debate over the role of women in ministry and in the home. Without agreeing with that view, Gombis finds that most scholars regard the Haustafel to have an apologetic thrust in Ephesians. This majority view is that Paul was attempting to shield the new Christian movement from the suspicion that it might undermine contemporary social structures and ultimately threaten the stability of the Roman empire. Gombis cites Craig Keener as claiming that:
“groups accused of undermining the moral fabric of Roman society thus sometimes protested that they instead conformed to traditional Roman values, by producing their own lists, or ‘Household Codes’, fitting those normally used in their day.”
Similarly, Gombis cites David Balch's book about the Code in . Balch concludes that both Philo and Josephus used similar strategies when facing accusations that Jewish proselytism was ruining the social fabric of Roman society.
For order within churches and society
Commentators have noted similarities between the New Testament Household Codes and Aristotle's discussion of families in Book One of Politics. The Aristotelian tradition specified that "the first and least parts of a family are master and slave, husband and wife, father and children"
David Balch maintains that "the Household Codes in Ephesians and Colossians clearly reflect the choice of an Aristotelian tradition of discourse on Household management" and that the structure of the Ephesians passage "is similar to Aristotle's discussion of the Household in Book One of Politics: three pairs of social classes (husbands/wives, parents/children, masters/slaves), with the classes reciprocally related, and one class in each pair ruling, while the other is to be ruled." Others, however, suggest that the New Testament Household Codes are significantly different from their predecessors, in that they "do not give absolute power to the men, but instead require a high degree of responsibility and mutual respect for all members of Christian families." However, Elliott disagrees, seeing "the Household Codes" as a call for Christians to live counter-culturally from their surroundings, with 1 Peter 2:13-3:12 used to counter assimilation, that some were in danger of because of the suffering they were going through
New Testament scholar Frank Stagg finds the basic tenets of the Code in Aristotle's discussion of the household in Book One of Politics as well as in Philo's Hypothetica 7.14. He believes the several occurrences of the Code in the New Testament were intended to meet the needs for order within the churches and in the society of the day, essentially restraints to meet the threats of moral anarchy. Labeling it as libertinism, Stagg envisions a scenario in which for some of Paul's hearers, particularly women and slaves, being freed from "The Law" was an invitation to reject all restraint.
Similarly, Crouch concludes that the Household Code was developed to counteract the threat of a form of "enthusiasm", such as that which appeared within some of the new Christian churches, that was threatening to undermine the basic structures of first century society. Crouch comments that women and slaves, in particular, sought to extend their new-found Christian freedom to relationships outside the church as well as within it.
Galatians is considered by many scholars (including Stagg) to be one of Paul's earliest extant writings. In his own words, Paul says "I was violently persecuting the church of God and was trying to destroy it". On his way to Damascus he was confronted by the risen Jesus in a heavenly vision. According to the three separate accounts in Acts, Saul found himself on the ground, blinded by the intensity of a heavenly light. The risen Jesus gave Saul a commission to "be a light to the Gentiles". Called to be "God’s great missionary to the Gentiles", Paul also can claim what Bilezikian has termed "an inaugural statement" in the New Testament:
Because of Paul's exhortations throughout Galatians about freedom "in Christ", Galatians has been called “the Magna Carta of the Reformation” and Luther’s “Katie von Bora.” It is the book on which the Protestant Reformation was founded. F.F. Bruce writes that the purpose of this letter to the Galatian Christians was to refute the Judaizers’ false gospel—a gospel in which these Jewish Christians felt that circumcision was essential to salvation—and to remind the Galatians of the real basis of their salvation. It was the urgency of the situation which moved Paul to write even before the Jerusalem Council convened, for the churches of Galatia were at stake.
Stagg addresses the question of why so much of the Christian Household Code is found in what is generally recognized as the Pauline tradition. He points to a seeming irony that the Code in the New Testament is associated with the apostle who fought so openly and suffered such personal sacrifice for both freedom and equity for Jew and Greek, slave and free, male and female. Citing the complexities with which Paul had to deal after his historic proclamation in Galatians 3:28, Stagg concludes that the New Testament Household Code was not a simple situation in which one man "single-handedly imposed male chauvinism on Gentile churches." He suggests that Paul's strong emphases stemmed from the "perennial tension between freedom and order." Pointing out that freedom is ever at the risk of its abuse in terms of permissiveness, disorder, anarchy, or chaos, "the twin threats of legalism and libertinism are ancient and recurrent". Stagg notes that various New Testament books reflect "this ongoing struggle for a proper relationship between law and grace, gift and demand, freedom and responsibility". He conjectures that this situation must have become acute in the early churches, especially among women and slaves who had suffered most under the heaviest restraints. Therefore, they understandably would want to make the most of their new freedom "in Christ", and Stagg concludes that Paul found himself at the center of the battle.
To humanize antagonistic domestic relationships
Michael Parsons takes the stance that the apostles' goal in developing the Christian Codes was to humanize relationships which, in the society of their own day, had become "battlefields of contempt and antagonism." They did this by introducing into the "new creation" relationships that which had been lost: namely, human dignity, particularly among women and slaves. While acknowledging that the Household Codes did not originate with Christianity, he considers them being "radically transformed by the Christian authors".
He writes that the apostles used the contemporary form of the Haustafeln in their ethical instruction with "creative and imaginative pastoral insight". He does not think that the apostles, generally, are making social statements on prevailing customs. Instead, they are asking the question, "What does it mean to be 'in Christ' in this situation?" or "What is the relationship between Christian freedom and this social institution?" Parsons finds the implications to be profound. Even slaves are responsible; the possibility of living a Christian life depends solely on Christ’s grace―not circumstance.
Parsons maintains that the Haustafeln in Ephesians and Colossians are clearly written to those within the church, not those outside. Many believe that in the 2 Corinthians passage, the apostle Paul is speaking to situations of, at a minimum, potential disorder in the churches—to include the breaking of all social order. Therefore, he believes the purpose of the New Testament Household Codes likely was a call to order in an unruly church. But Parsons says whatever the overall purpose of each particular Haustafel might have been, it is certain that the paired relationships are explained by their relationship to Christ. "Correspondingly new behavior is expected from Christian believers in each of those social situations. Each member of the three pairs is equal to the other 'in Christ', but they are not to presume on that new position and make it an excuse for behaving in any unchristian manner." There is no room in an "in Christ" relationship for feelings of antagonism, of superiority and inferiority, or of dehumanizing pride.
Responsibility and mutual respect
Jesuit author Felix Just also finds similarities between many other Greco-Roman moral writings and four of the later New Testament epistles (letters). The biblical Household Codes contain instructions for particular groups of people within Christian families or "Households" as to how they should treat other members of their Household. He writes that most people in the first-century Roman Empire took it for granted that a pater familias had absolute authority and control over his Household. Thus, the secular examples of such "Household Codes" usually just indicated how slaves, children, or wives should act toward their masters, fathers, or husbands, respectively. They quite rarely also tell the adult men how they should treat the slaves, children, or wives who are members of their household.
According to author Felix Just, these New Testament texts do not give absolute power to the men. Instead, they require a high degree of responsibility and mutual respect from all members of Christian families, but "do not show the full equality of the various members of a household" compared to modern egalitarian views.
Manifesto for maintaining hierarchical attitudes
Timothy Gombis argues that in the Letter to the Ephesians, Paul of Tarsus was laying out "a manifesto for the New Humanity, painting in broad strokes a vision for how believers ought to conduct themselves in new creation communities". He believes the status quo in at least the Ephesians' world was patterned after the character of what he calls the "Old Humanity"—"selfish and self-destructive behavior" that was oriented according to that of its rulers.
In , Gombis says Paul gives a comprehensive view of what relationships ought to look like in the New Humanity. He continues, "The Haustafel, therefore, is a manifesto for the new creation people of God and does not merely have the modern notion of the nuclear family in view, though certainly it includes this. In short, it presents a comprehensive view of how relationships in what he terms "the New Humanity" should be structured.
Gombis writes:
"The Old Humanity has been corrupted by the malign influence of the powers and authorities, and the New Humanity—the Church—is the new creation people of God, created 'according to God in righteousness and holiness of the truth' (Eph. 4:24) and wholly oriented by the self-sacrificial love of Christ".
He finally concludes that Paul is not simply being socially conservative by maintaining a place for hierarchicalism, nor is he merely trying to shield early Christian communities from imperial pressure. Rather, Paul's "exhortations are radical in that they directly confront and subvert the social structures of [first century] contemporary society".
See also
Gender roles in Christianity
Christian views on marriage
Christian views on the Old Covenant
References
Household
Christian terminology
Christian ethics in the Bible
Codes of conduct
Pauline Christianity
Biblical law |
```go
// Code generated by smithy-go-codegen DO NOT EDIT.
package eventbridge
import (
"context"
"fmt"
awsmiddleware "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/middleware"
"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/eventbridge/types"
"github.com/aws/smithy-go/middleware"
smithyhttp "github.com/aws/smithy-go/transport/http"
"time"
)
// Get the information about an existing global endpoint. For more information
// about global endpoints, see [Making applications Regional-fault tolerant with global endpoints and event replication]in the Amazon EventBridge User Guide .
//
// [Making applications Regional-fault tolerant with global endpoints and event replication]: path_to_url
func (c *Client) DescribeEndpoint(ctx context.Context, params *DescribeEndpointInput, optFns ...func(*Options)) (*DescribeEndpointOutput, error) {
if params == nil {
params = &DescribeEndpointInput{}
}
result, metadata, err := c.invokeOperation(ctx, "DescribeEndpoint", params, optFns, c.addOperationDescribeEndpointMiddlewares)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
out := result.(*DescribeEndpointOutput)
out.ResultMetadata = metadata
return out, nil
}
type DescribeEndpointInput struct {
// The name of the endpoint you want to get information about. For example,
// "Name":"us-east-2-custom_bus_A-endpoint" .
//
// This member is required.
Name *string
// The primary Region of the endpoint you want to get information about. For
// example "HomeRegion": "us-east-1" .
HomeRegion *string
noSmithyDocumentSerde
}
type DescribeEndpointOutput struct {
// The ARN of the endpoint you asked for information about.
Arn *string
// The time the endpoint you asked for information about was created.
CreationTime *time.Time
// The description of the endpoint you asked for information about.
Description *string
// The ID of the endpoint you asked for information about.
EndpointId *string
// The URL of the endpoint you asked for information about.
EndpointUrl *string
// The event buses being used by the endpoint you asked for information about.
EventBuses []types.EndpointEventBus
// The last time the endpoint you asked for information about was modified.
LastModifiedTime *time.Time
// The name of the endpoint you asked for information about.
Name *string
// Whether replication is enabled or disabled for the endpoint you asked for
// information about.
ReplicationConfig *types.ReplicationConfig
// The ARN of the role used by the endpoint you asked for information about.
RoleArn *string
// The routing configuration of the endpoint you asked for information about.
RoutingConfig *types.RoutingConfig
// The current state of the endpoint you asked for information about.
State types.EndpointState
// The reason the endpoint you asked for information about is in its current state.
StateReason *string
// Metadata pertaining to the operation's result.
ResultMetadata middleware.Metadata
noSmithyDocumentSerde
}
func (c *Client) addOperationDescribeEndpointMiddlewares(stack *middleware.Stack, options Options) (err error) {
if err := stack.Serialize.Add(&setOperationInputMiddleware{}, middleware.After); err != nil {
return err
}
err = stack.Serialize.Add(&awsAwsjson11_serializeOpDescribeEndpoint{}, middleware.After)
if err != nil {
return err
}
err = stack.Deserialize.Add(&awsAwsjson11_deserializeOpDescribeEndpoint{}, middleware.After)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if err := addProtocolFinalizerMiddlewares(stack, options, "DescribeEndpoint"); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("add protocol finalizers: %v", err)
}
if err = addlegacyEndpointContextSetter(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addSetLoggerMiddleware(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addClientRequestID(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addComputeContentLength(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addResolveEndpointMiddleware(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addComputePayloadSHA256(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRetry(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRawResponseToMetadata(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRecordResponseTiming(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addClientUserAgent(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = smithyhttp.AddErrorCloseResponseBodyMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = smithyhttp.AddCloseResponseBodyMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addSetLegacyContextSigningOptionsMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addTimeOffsetBuild(stack, c); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addUserAgentRetryMode(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addOpDescribeEndpointValidationMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = stack.Initialize.Add(newServiceMetadataMiddleware_opDescribeEndpoint(options.Region), middleware.Before); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRecursionDetection(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRequestIDRetrieverMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addResponseErrorMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRequestResponseLogging(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addDisableHTTPSMiddleware(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
func newServiceMetadataMiddleware_opDescribeEndpoint(region string) *awsmiddleware.RegisterServiceMetadata {
return &awsmiddleware.RegisterServiceMetadata{
Region: region,
ServiceID: ServiceID,
OperationName: "DescribeEndpoint",
}
}
``` |
Femi Fadugba (born 1987) is a British writer and physicist based in London. His first book, The Upper World, was published by Penguin Random House in 2021. It was turned into a film by Netflix, starring Daniel Kaluuya.
Early life and education
Fadugba was born in Togo during a civil war. His father was an interpreter for the United Nations. He spent his childhood in the United States and moved to England at the age of nine, where he attended a boarding school in Somerset. Fadugba was encouraged by his school caretaker to pursue a career in physics. In an interview with The Guardian, Fadugba explained that at the age of 11 his caretaker gave him Quantum Physics for Dummies.
Faduga completed a master's degree in materials science at St. Catherine's College, University of Oxford, where he was awarded the Rolls-Royce Armourers and Brasiers' Company Prize. His third year project specialised in quantum computing. He moved to the University of Pennsylvania for graduate studies, where he worked toward a Master of Public Administration as a Thouron Scholar.
Career
Fadugba returned to the United Kingdom, where he worked in a solar finance company. In 2011 he was selected by the Rare Rising Stars competition as the "UK’s Best Black Student".
Fadugba's book, The Upper World, combines the everyday life of young people living in Peckham, South London, with time travel and quantum physics. He was motivated to write it after his friends became increasingly curious about the mysteries and miracles of physics. Fadugba has described physics as a combination of maths and metaphors. The Guardian described The Upper World as a "uniquely thrilling, heart-wrenching young adult novel". After a 15-way auction, the book was published by Penguin Random House in August 2021.
Almost immediately after Fadugba sent the manuscript to the publishers, it was leaked to Hollywood. Faduba was approached by Netflix, Monkeypaw Productions and Plan B Entertainment for the film rights. The rights were won by Netflix, and the film will be produced by and star Daniel Kaluuya.
Personal life
Fadugba is married to an American.
References
1987 births
Alumni of the University of Oxford
British materials scientists
British science fiction writers
Living people
Togolese emigrants to the United Kingdom
University of Pennsylvania alumni
Immigrants to the United States |
Geoffrey de Noiers, sometimes styled de Noyer, was a master mason who designed the choir of Lincoln Cathedral in the late 12th century. Between 1192 and 1200 he designed the cathedral's St. Hugh's choir, built in 1208, using an innovative vaulting scheme that represented the first example of decorative vaulting in England. The vaulting of the choir added ribs that skewed the quadripartite vaulting so that bays were slightly offset opposite each other, and have been termed "crazy vaults." They included the first examples of tierceron ribs in Gothic vaulting. The work at Lincoln influenced later work, which developed and elaborated de Noier's concept into an English Gothic specialty. de Noiers was probably French-Normand, having acquired his trade in France. de Noiers was succeeded at Lincoln by Alexander the Mason, who devised tierceron star vaulting in the cathedral's nave.
References
12th-century English architects
Lincoln Cathedral
Architects from Lincolnshire |
Nightside is a series of twelve fantasy novels by author Simon R. Green.
Setting
The series is focused on John Taylor, a private investigator based in the fictional Nightside, a dark, hidden netherworld of London in which the supernatural and science fiction super-technology co-exist. Dark, cynical, and humorous, the books offer an adventure into the Nightside, where classic pulp PI novels blend with fantasy and science fiction.
The series
United States
Something from the Nightside (New York, Ace 2003),
Agents of Light and Darkness (New York, Ace 2003),
Nightingale's Lament (New York Ace 2004),
Hex and the City (New York Ace 2005),
Paths not Taken (New York Ace September 2005),
Sharper than a Serpent's Tooth (Ace February 28, 2006),
Hell to Pay (Ace December 27, 2006),
The Unnatural Inquirer (Ace January 2, 2008),
Just Another Judgement Day (Ace January 6, 2009),
The Good, the Bad, and the Uncanny (Ace January 5, 2010),
A Hard Day's Knight (Ace January 4, 2011),
The Bride Wore Black Leather (Ace January 3, 2012),
United Kingdom
Into the Nightside (Nightside Omnibus 1) (Solaris Books, 2008), : A collection of the first and second Nightside novels.
Haunting the Nightside (Nightside Omnibus 2) (Solaris Books September 1, 2008), : A collection of the third and fourth Nightside novels.
The Dark Heart of the Nightside (Solaris Books October 6, 2008), : A collection of the fifth and sixth Nightside novels.
Damned if you Do in the Nightside (Nightside Omnibus 4) (Solaris Books, 2009),: A collection of the seventh and eighth Nightside novels.
Just Another Judgement Day in the Nightside (Nightside Omnibus 5) (Solaris Books, 2010): A collection of the ninth and tenth Nightside novels.
Short fiction
These nine stories, along with the new novella The Big Game, were collected in Tales From the Nightside (Ace January 6, 2015).
"The Nightside, Needless to Say" in Powers of Detection (Ace, 2004), . An anthology of twelve paranormal detective stories. The Nightside story features Larry Oblivion.
"Razor Eddie’s Big Night Out" in Cemetery Dance #55, (Cemetery Dance, 2006), ISSN 1047-7675. A short story starring Razor Eddie.
"Appetite for Murder" in Unusual Suspects (Ace, 2008), . The Nightside story features Ms. Fate.
"The Difference a Day Makes" in Mean Streets (Roc, 2010), . An anthology of assorted novellas tied to existing crime/fantasy series. The Nightside novella features John Taylor and Dead Boy.
"Some of These Cons Go Way Back" in Cemetery Dance #60 (Cemetery Dance, 2009), ISSN 1047-7675.
"Hungry Hearts" in Down These Strange Streets (Ace, 2011), . An anthology edited by George R.R. Martin centering on urban fantasy detectives. This story features John Taylor.
"The Spirit of the Thing" in Those Who Fight Monsters (Edge, 2011), .
"Dorothy's Dream in Oz Reimagined: New Tales from the Emerald City and Beyond (47North 2013), . An anthology edited by John Joseph Adams and Douglas Cohen, illustrated by Galen Dara
"How Do You Feel" in "Hex Appeal" (St. Martin's Griffin, 2012), . An anthology edited by P.N. Elrod. Nightside story that features Deadboy.
References
Fantasy novels by fictional universe
Crossover novels |
Bachro is a village and Union Council division of the Taluka of the town of Thul. It is located in the Jacobabad District of Sindh, Pakistan. It is also known as village Khan Sahib Shahal Khan Khoso, named in honor of Khan Sahib Shahal Khan, whose mausoleum is located there.
Bachro is away from Thul and away from the city of Jacobabad. Ninety five percent of the population of the village is connected with agriculture. Paddy, Wheat, Barley and Gram are the main crops.
The village has a primary school, a middle school and a high school (under construction) to cater for their educational needs. For patients, there is a basic health unit, where a medical practitioner provides basic treatment and immunisation.
The Bachro UC region had a population of 17,735 in 1998 and estimated population of 25,006 in 2005. It has an area of 26,541 acres.
Historically, there stands a 1908-built Red Brick Castle of Bahadur Khan Khoso and, nearby, the 1936-built bungalow of Khan Sahib Shahal Khan Khoso.
References
Jacobabad District
Villages in Sindh |
Nessos of Chios (Ancient Greek: Νεσσᾶς or Νέσσος ὁ Χῖος) was a pre-Socratic ancient Greek philosopher from the island of Chios.
Biography
Little is known about the life and work of Nessos. The only thing that is known that was Democritus philosophy and the compatriot Metrodorus was his student. That is supported in commentaries of interpretations of Homeric and Hesiod works.
References
1st-millennium BC deaths
1st-millennium BC births
Ancient Chians
Ancient Greek atomist philosophers |
François Chevalier (14 May 1893 – 10 January 1983) was a French racing cyclist. He rode in the 1919 Tour de France.
References
1893 births
1983 deaths
French male cyclists
Place of birth missing |
Udaya Prasanna Vithanage () (born 14 March 1962) is a Sri Lankan filmmaker. He is considered one of the pioneers of the third generation of the Sri Lankan cinema. He has directed eight feature films including Death on a Full Moon Day (1997), August Sun (2003), Flowers of the Sky (2008) & With You, Without You (2012) and won many prestigious national and international awards and have also been commercially successful in Sri Lanka. In his early theatre work, he translated and produced plays by international writers, adapted works of world literature to film. He has battled against the censorship in Sri Lanka and worked as an educator of cinema who has conducted many Master classes in the subcontinent for young filmmakers and enthusiasts.
Life and career
1980s–1997
Prasanna Vithanage became involved in theatre after leaving school. He translated and directed George Bernard Shaw's play, Arms and the Man, in 1986. In 1991, he translated and directed a production of Italian Dario Fo's Trumpets and Raspberries.
In 1991, he directed his first film, Sisila Gini Gani (Ice of Fire). It won nine OCIC (Sri Lanka) awards, including Best Director, Best Actor and Best Actress.
In 1996 he released his second feature Anantha Rathriya (Dark Night of the Soul) which he wrote and directed. It was based on Leo Tolstoy's last novel Resurrection. It was shown at several international film festivals and won a Jury's Special Mention in the First Pusan International Film Festival. The film won all the main awards at the 1996 Sri Lanka Film Critics' Forum Awards (affiliated with FIPRESCI), including awards for Most Outstanding Film, Best Director and Best Screenwriter.
In 1997 his third feature, Purahanda Kaluwara (Death on a Full Moon Day), which he wrote and directed, was produced by NHK (Japanese Broadcasting Corporation). It won the Grand Prix at the Amiens Film Festival. Initially banned in Sri Lanka by the minister in charge of film industry, it was released after a year long legal battle. It was released by the ruling of the Supreme Court. It has become one of the most commercially successful films in Sri Lanka. Pawuru Walalu (Walls Within) was also released that year. It won the Best Actress Award for Nita Fernando in her role as Violet, at the 1998 Singapore International Film Festival. It won ten of eleven awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, at the Sri Lanka Film Critics' Forum Awards.
1998–2012
In 2003 Vithanage completed Ira Madiyama (August Sun) as his fifth film. It won many international awards and was featured prominently in the world festival circuit.
In 2008, Vithanage co-produced the hit film Machan a comedy about a group of working class con artists posing as a handball team, directed by Uberto Pasolini, who produced The Full Monty. Machan premiered at the 65th Venice Film Festival in 2008. It won 11 international awards.
That year Vithanage's sixth feature film as director, "Akasa Kusum" (Flowers of the Sky) premiered at a festival in Busan. It was screened at more than 30 film festivals and won numerous international awards. A Tamil-dubbed version of Akasa Kusum titled Aagaya Pookkal was screened in Jaffna on 1 April 2011. It was the only movie premiere of a Sinhala film director to have been held in Jaffna during the past 30 years.
In 2012 his 7th feature film, Oba Nathuwa Oba Ekka (With You, Without You), had its world premier in the "World Greats" section at the 39th Montreal International Film Festival. Written by Prasanna, Oba Nathuwa Oba Ekka is adapted from a novella by Fyodor Dostoyevsky (A Gentle Creature, a.k.a. The Meek One) and set in post-war Sri Lanka. On the international festival run, by late 2013 the film had won 5 international awards, including "best picture" in France and Italy. It earned a nomination for best picture at the 2013 Asia Pacific Screen Awards in Australia.
2013–2017
On 30 March 2013, Vithanage founded the 'Prasanna Vithanage Academy of Acting' in Sri Lanka, for aspiring acting students.
2015 saw his first and only documentary feature Vithanage, titled "Usaviya Nihandai" (Silence in the Courts), an investigative docudrama chronicling the events followed, after a Wife of a robbery suspect was being raped by the presiding magistrate of the case and an alternative newspaper editor exposing that case, engaging in a prolonged legal battle that extended into a probable impeachment of chief justice of the country, but eventually accused parties getting away scot-free while denying justice to the victim.
When asked "Why did you choose this story to explore social justice in Sri Lanka?, Prasanna Vithanage replied saying, "The fairness of carrying out social justice is best judged by how judicial branch will act when one of their members is accused. My goal was to go into depth and unearth the real story from the original sources and a re-enactment of those incidents in the form of a docudrama." After its world premiere at Sakhalin International Film Festival in Russia in Fall 2015, Usaviya Nihandai had a successful theatrical run in Sri Lanka, despite being initially banned from public screening by the Colombo District Court of Sri Lanka. This marked the second instance where one of Prasanna Vithanage's movies was banned from public screening. In both cases Prasanna won the court ruling which overturned the initial ban of both movies, which ultimately resulted in successful theatrical runs in Sri Lanka.
2018
Prasanna Vithanage embarked on his dream project ‘Gaadi – Children of the Sun’. It premiered at the Busan International Film Festival, in October 2019 and had its European premiere at the Rotterdam International Film Festival, in January 2020.
2023
Prasanna Vithanage worked as a co - producer for Shiladitya Bora's debut film Bhagwan Bharose. The film had its world premiere in the London Asian Film Festival.
Prasanna Vithanage directed his first Indian language film in Malayalam with Roshan Mathew and Darshna Rajendran.
Personal life
Born in Panadura, Sri Lanka, a suburb outside Colombo, Prasanna attended D. S. Senanayake College, in Colombo, a leading national school for his secondary education. In 1991 he married actress Damayanthi Fonseka, a younger sister of Malini Fonseka, arguably the most popular actress of Sinhala Cinema.
Filmography
Theatre
Direction and translation
Dwithwa, from Dario Fo's Trumpets and Raspberries (1991)
Horu Samaga Heluwen, from Daro Fo's The Virtuous Burglar & One Was Nude and One Wore Tails (2006)
Debiddo – new production of Dwithwa (2010)
Translation
Puthra Samagama, from Alexender Vampilov's The Elder Son (1985)
Awards
Sisila Gini Gani (Ice on Fire)
9 OCIC Awards including Best Director
7 Swarna Sanka Awards including Best Director
2 Sarasavi Awards
Anantha Rathriya (Dark Night of the Soul)
2 SIGNIS film awards
2 Sarasaviya film awards
8 Sri Lanka Film critics forum (affiliated to FIPRESCI) Awards including Best Director
Honourable mention at the first Pusan International Film Festival
Pawuru Wallalu (Walls Within)
9 OCIC awards
6 Presidential Awards
10 Sri Lanka film critics (affiliated to FIPRESCI) awards
Best Actress (Singapore) Prize of the city of Amiens
GPCI Award
NETPAC Award at Amiens Film Festival
Puruhanda Kaluwara (Death on a Full Moon Day)
5 SIGNIS film awards including Best Director
4 Sarasavi film awards including Best Picture
Grand Prix – Amiens
NETPAC Award – Amiens
International Critic's Award – Fribourg
Best Actor – Singapore
Ira Madiyama (August Sun)
Grand Prix (Special Mention) "Le Regard d'or" – Fribourg International Film Festival 2004
FIPRESCI-NETPAC Award – 17th Singapore International Film Festival 2004
Best Film, Silver Award – Las Palmas International Film Festival 2004
Best Actress – Las Palmas International Film Festival 2004
Grand Jury Prize – 6th Makati Cinemanila International Film Festival 2004
10 Presidential Awards
9 Sarasavi Film Awards
9 Signis Film Awards
Akasa Kusum (Flowers of the Sky)
Awards
10 SIGNIS film awards (Sri Lanka) including Best Film.
Silver Peacock Award (Best Actress – Malini Fonseka), Indian International Film Festival (IFFF), India
Best Actress – Malini Fonseka, Levante International Film Festival, Italy
Jury Special Mention Award, Vesoul Asian Film Festival, France
Best Asian Film (NETPAC) Award – Granada Cinesdelsur Film Festival, Spain
Best Film – SAARC Film Festival 2012
Best Actress – Malini Fonseka – SAARC Film Festival 2012
Official Selections
Pusan International Film Festival, Korea (World Premiere)
Brisbane International Film Festival, Australia
– Nominee, International Federation of Film Critics (FIPRESCI) Award
Asia Pacific Screen Awards, Australia
– Nominee, Best Actress Malini Fonseka
South Asian International Film Festival (SAIFF), New York City
International Film Festival of Kerala, India
Palm Springs International Film Festival, USA
Tiburon International Film Festival, USA
Asiatica Filmmediale, Italy
Singapore International Film Festival, Singapore
London Asian Film Festival, United Kingdom
Fukuoka International Film Festival, Japan
New Jersey Independent South Asian Cine Fest, US
Oba Nathuwa Oba Ekka (With You, Without You)
Cyclo d'Or – Best Film, Vesoul International Film Festival
NETPAC, Vesoul International Film Festival
SIGNIS, Milano -African Asian Latin American Film Festival
Silver Peacock Award (Best Actress – Anjali Patil), Indian International Film Festival (IFFF), India
Critics' Choice Award - Sakhalin International Film Festival, Russia
33rd Sarasaviya Awards Colombo Sri Lanka 2017
Best Director
Best Actress
Best Screenplay
Merit Award for acting - Maheswarie Ratnam
Presidential Film Awards Colombo Sri Lanka 2017
Best Film
Best Director
Best Actor
Best Actress
Best Screenplay
Best Editing
Best Original Score
Best Sound Design
Silence in the Courts (Usawiya Nihandai)
Sakhalin International Film Festival (Russia) - World Premiere
Special Jury Award - Sarasaviya Awards
Special Jury Award - Derana Film Awards
Special Jury Award - Hiru Gold Awards
Gaadi - Children of the Sun
Special Jury Mention (Asian Film Competition Section) - 18th Dhaka International Film Festival 2020
Emerald Dove Award - 3rd Independent Film Festival of Chennai 2020
14th Asia Pacific Screen Awards: Cultural Diversity Award (UNESCO) (2021)
Theatre Awards
Puthra Samagama
Best Translation - State Drama Festival 1985
Best Translation - Divaina Sama Festival 1985
Avi
Special Jury Award - Best Translation & Direction 1987
Best Play (Cowinner) - Divaina Sama Festival 1987
Dwithva
Best Translation, Best Director & Best Play - State Drama Festival 1992
Literary Awards
Puthra Samagama
Best Translation for theatre - State Literary Festival 2011
Special Awards
Emerald Award - Seattle South Asian Film Festival 2014
Bishwaratna Dr. Bhupen Hazarika International Solidarity Award 2017
References
External links
1962 births
Living people
Kala Keerthi
20th-century Sri Lankan male writers
20th-century Sri Lankan writers
21st-century Sri Lankan male writers
21st-century Sri Lankan writers
Alumni of D. S. Senanayake College
People from Panadura
Sinhala-language film directors
Sri Lankan documentary filmmakers
Sri Lankan film directors
Sri Lankan film producers
Sri Lankan male screenwriters |
JSC Konstruktorskoe Buro Priborostroeniya (KBP) ( Joint-Stock Company - Instrument Design Bureau) is one of the main enterprises in the field of Russian defense industry, based in Tula. It is engaged in designing high-precision weapon systems for the Army, the VMF and the VKS, as well as anti-air defense systems, high-rate-of-fire cannons and small arms, in addition to civilian products. Its full name goes as "Joint-Stock Company Instrument Design Bureau named after Academic A. G. Shipunov". Its shareholders include High Precision Systems, part of the State Corporation Rostec.
The designing of high-precision weaponry is the priority of the KBP. The enterprise designs air-to-ground, ground-to-air and ground-to-ground weaponry. In addition to these, KBP also develops modern autocannons and grenade launchers. It also manufactures automatic, hand-held and under-slung grenade launchers, sniper rifles, submachine guns, pistols and revolvers for the law enforcement agencies.
History
KBP was founded on 1 October, 1927 as an organization at Tula Weapons Factory, engaging in designing small arms. The first major success the organization made was in the Red Armory, where its Tokarev pistol was adopted into use in February 1931. In 1936, it was renamed TsKB-14 (Central design bureau No 14). During the Great Patriotic War large successes were made by aviation machineguns such as ShVAK, ShKAS, Berezin UB as well as VYa and Berezin B-20 aviation cannons. Over 80% of the domestic aircraft of the Soviet Air Force were equipped with weapons from the Tula designers.
Post-war years
Activities of the company were restored under the supervision of engineer-gunsmith Igor Dimitriev during the post-war years. KBP designed the PM, APS pistols, the AM-23 cannon, the 23-mm anti-aircraft cannon 2A7 for the Shilka system, the ZU-23 AAA alongside its dual 2A14 cannons in the 1940s and the 1950s.
The enterprise began designing guided weapons and high-precision missiles in the 1960s. The Kornet-E AT missile, the Krasnopol M-2 guided-missile system, the Tunguska and the Pantsir-S1 anti-aircraft cannon-missile systems, in addition to the Kashtan CIWS were designed in this period.
Post-Soviet years
KBP was heavily struck by the drastic reduction in state defence order and the financing of military R&D after 1991. Russia's debt to the KBP reached 20 billion rubles in 1994. Under such conditions the bureau's survival was only possible through the means of export. KBP requested the government of Russia to provide independent military and technical cooperation with foreign countries, and was confirmed and subsequently expanded by an order of the Russian president in 2000. A total of more than 160 designs were made by the KBP up until 1 October, 2012, the 85th anniversary of the founding of the enterprise. By this time the enterprise has integrated over 6500 inventors.
The company was included in the sanction list by the USA in June 2014.
Structure
KBP's shares are held by OAO NPO Vysokotochnye Kompleksy and State Company Rostec. It has the following subsidiaries:
TsKIB SOO
Moscow subsidiary of KBP
Science Research Center of Biology "Fitogenetica"
Products
The following weapons have been designed by KBP:
GWS Hermes Guided Weapon System
Kashtan CIWS
30F39 Krasnopol 152-mm Laser Guided Projectile
Drozd active protection system
Small arms
9A-91 carbine
ADS amphibious rifle
VSSK Vykhlop sniper rifle
VSK-94 sniper rifle
OSV-96 heavy precision rifle
PP-90 folding submachine gun
PP-90M1 helical-feed submachine gun
PP-93 submachine gun
PP-2000 submachine gun/PDW
P-96 pistol
GSh-18 pistol
Udar revolver
Berkut hunting rifle
Cannons
2A7
2A14
2A28 Grom
2A42
2A72
AK-630 Gatling cannon
GShG-7.62 Gatling gun
Yak-B 12.7 mm Gatling gun
GSh-30-2 cannon
GSh-23 cannon
GSh-6-23 Gatling cannon
GSh-6-30 Gatling cannon
ZU-23-2
Grenade launchers
GM-94 grenade launcher
AGS-30 grenade launcher
Anti-tank missiles
9K115-2 Metis-M (AT-13 "Saxhorn-2") anti-tank missile
9K121 Vikhr (AT-16 "Scallion") anti-tank missile
9M113 Konkurs (AT-5 "Spandrel") anti-tank missile
9M133 Kornet (AT-14 "Spriggan") anti-tank missile
Anti-aircraft systems
Tunguska-M1 (SA-19 "Grison") anti-aircraft system
Pantsir-S1 (SA-22 "Greyhound") anti-aircraft system
9M311 anti-aircraft missile
United States sanctions
On July 16, 2014, the Obama administration imposed sanctions through the US Department of Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) by adding KBP Instrument Design Bureau and other entities to the Specially Designated Nationals List (SDN) in retaliation for the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War.
References
External links
KBP official site English language
KBP official site Russian language
Филиал ОАО "КБП" - "ЦКИБ СОО" (KBP - TsKIB COO branch page)
TsKIB COO current products
Technology companies established in 1927
Firearm manufacturers of Russia
Research institutes in the Soviet Union
Defence companies of the Soviet Union
High Precision Systems
Federal State Unitary Enterprises of Russia
Companies based in Tula Oblast
1927 establishments in the Soviet Union
Golden Idea national award winners
Russian entities subject to the U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions
Design bureaus |
Joop van Domselaar (11 September 1928 – 11 November 2006) was a Dutch sports shooter. He competed in two events at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
References
1928 births
2006 deaths
Dutch male sport shooters
Olympic shooters for the Netherlands
Shooters at the 1964 Summer Olympics
People from Driebergen-Rijsenburg
Sportspeople from Utrecht (province) |
Margaret Dale (born Margaret Rosendale; March 6, 1876 – March 23, 1972) was an American stage and film actress. She performed on Broadway for over fifty years and occasionally did films in the 1920s. She appeared in a large number of Broadway hits over the course of her years as an actress.
Early life
Margaret Rosendale was born on March 6, 1876, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, although some sources give her birth year as 1880. Her father was Julius Rosendale, a wealthy physician, jeweler and translator who died in 1911. She was interviewed in Munsey's Magazine in 1903 where a brief noting of her career had her living in Germantown at one time and was currently single and living with her mother.
Theater career
She began her career in Charles Frohman acting company in 1898, often in support of the leading actors such as Henry Miller. She became the leading lady of John Drew from 1902 to 1905. She appeared in the George Ade western Father and the Boys 1908-1911. Dale performed with George Arliss in the long running play Disraeli, 1911 to 1917. In the mid-1920s she was part of an ensemble cast that included Mary Boland, Edna May Oliver, Humphrey Bogart, Raymond Hackett and Gene Raymond in the popular play The Cradle Snatchers.
Motion Pictures
In 1920 Dale appeared in her first feature movie The World and His Wife, directed by Robert G. Vignola. She would appear in six films between 1920 and 1934 preferring the theater. She rejoined Arliss in 1921 for the film version of Disraeli which was produced by his production company Distinctive and released through United Artists. Dale did not return to Arliss when he made his talking version of Disraeli in 1929 for Warner Brothers.
In 1922 Dale appeared in D. W. Griffith's One Exciting Night, a haunted house melodrama. This movie had all the spirit of a Mary Roberts Rinehart story, then gaining popularity, but was an original story by Griffith. One Exciting Night was shot at Griffith's Mamaroneck studios on Long Island. The 1921 version of Disraeli is a lost film with one reel in existence at the George Eastman House. However a complete print is rumored to exist at Gosfilmofond in Russia. One Exciting Night was on home video (VHS) briefly in the 1990s. In 2014 it is available on DVD from Alpha Video Dale's last film and only talkie was The Man with Two Faces starring Edward G. Robinson and Mary Astor and now available from Warner Archive Collection. Dale died in New York in March 1972.
Filmography
The World and His Wife (1920) *lost film
Disraeli (1921)
One Exciting Night (1922)
Second Youth (1924)
Week End Husbands (1924) *lost film
The Man with Two Faces (1934)
References
Sources
New York Times, "ABOUT STAGE PEOPLE; Margaret Dale to be John Drew's New Leading Woman." February 20, 1902
Appelbaum, Stanley Great Actors and Actresses of the American Stage in Historic Photographs: 332 Portraits from 1850-1950, c. 1983
Fells, Robert M. George Arliss: The Man Who Played God, c. 2004
Fells, Robert M. The 1921 "Lost" Disraeli: A Photo Reconstruction of the George Arliss Silent Film c.2013
External links
Margaret Dale photo gallery at New York Public Library Billy Rose Collection
Margaret Dale wearing pendent; Univ. of Louisville
lantern slide Margaret Dale(as Mrs. Noel Travers) with George Arliss as Disraeli in the 1921 film, DISRAELI (Wayback Machine)
1876 births
1972 deaths
19th-century American actresses
American stage actresses
20th-century American actresses
American film actresses
American silent film actresses
Actresses from Philadelphia |
Frederick Martin Lehman (1868–1953) was a German-born hymn writer, minister, and publisher who made significant contributions to the field of Christian music. He was born on August 7, 1868, in Mecklenburg, Schwerin, Germany, and emigrated to the United States with his family at the age of four. The majority of his childhood was spent in Iowa, where he and his family settled. Lehman pursued theological education at Northwestern College in Naperville, Illinois, and served ministries in Audubon, Iowa and New London, Indiana.
In 1911, Lehman relocated to Kansas City, Missouri where he played a pivotal role in establishing the Nazarene Publishing House. Throughout his lifetime, Lehman devoted himself to writing sacred songs, and his first hymn was composed during his tenure as a pastor in Kingsley, Iowa, in 1898. Over the years, Lehman wrote and published]hundreds of songs and compiled five songbooks. His compositions include "The Love of God", "The Royal Telephone", and "No Disappointment In Heaven".
Lehman was married to Emma Louise Dermeyer. He died on February 20, 1953, in Pasadena, California.
References
1868 births
1953 deaths
20th-century German composers |
Brett McDermott (born 10 September 1978) is an English mixed martial artist, and former professional rugby league footballer. In rugby he represented Ireland, and played club level for every Cumbrian clubs except Carlisle Border Raiders. In MMA, he has been a professional competitor since 2013 and is the current BAMMA Heavyweight Champion. McDermott also competed for Rizin and Bellator MMA.
Rugby league
McDermott, who competed in professional rugby for 15 seasons, was playing for Barrow in 2009. He also represented Ireland, including games against France in 2010.
On 30 March 2011, McDermott announced his retirement from rugby league. A couple of days later, he later admitted that he had retired after being charged by the Rugby Football League (RFL) for failing a drugs test. In June 2011, the RFL confirmed that McDermott was banned for two years after testing positive for drostanolone and 19-norandrosterone.
Mixed martial arts career
After being banned from rugby league, McDermott became a MMA fighter. In 2013, he turned professional and fought Thomas Denham at BAMMA 12, but lost by submission.
McDermott competed in the Rizin Fighting Federation Heavyweight Tournament on 29 December 2015, losing in the quarterfinals against former Strikeforce Light Heavyweight Champion Muhammed Lawal by knockout.
McDermott stepped in on a few days notice as a replacement for Vladimir Filipovic to face Liam McGeary in the main event at Bellator 173. He lost the fight via TKO in the second round.
Personal life
McDermott is married with three children. He is of Irish descent.
Mixed martial arts record
|-
|Win
|align=center| 9–5
| Tony Mustard
| TKO (punches)
|MTK MMA PROBELLUM
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|2.40
|Liverpool
|
|-
|Win
|align=center| 8–5
| Ruben Wolf
| TKO (punches)
|BAMMA 29
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|0.54
|Birmingham
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center| 7–5
|Liam McGeary
| TKO (doctor stoppage)
|Bellator 173
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|1:06
|Belfast, Northern Ireland
|Catchweight bout of 215 lbs.
|-
|Win
|align=center| 7–4
| Dan Konecke
| TKO (punches)
|Full Contact Contender 17
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|2:50
|Manchester, England
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center| 6–4
| Kenneth Bergh
| Submission (guillotine)
|Clash of the Titans 16
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:02
|Cumbria, England
|
|-
|Win
|align=center| 6–3
| Jamie Sloane
| KO (punch)
|BAMMA 25
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 3:58
|Birmingham, England
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 5–3
| Muhammed Lawal
| KO (punches)
| Rizin World Grand Prix 2015: Part 1 - Saraba
|
|align=center| 1
| align=center| 9:20
| Saitama, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 5–2
| Pelu Adetola
| TKO (punches)
| BAMMA 23
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:57
| Birmingham, England
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 4–2
| Marcin Lazarz
| Decision (unanimous)
| BAMMA 20
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Birmingham, England
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 4–1
| Oli Thompson
| KO (punches)
| BAMMA 17
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:43
| Manchester, England
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 3–1
| Paul Bennett
| KO (punch)
| Stoke Fight Factory: Rage in the Cage 4
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:09
| Stoke-on-Trent, England
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 2–1
| Shaun Lomas
| Decision (unanimous)
| Stoke Fight Factory: Rage in the Cage 3
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Stoke-on-Trent, England
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 1–1
| Jason Tyldesley
| TKO (punches)
| AMFC 2: Alpha Male Fighting Championships 2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:20
| Scarborough, England
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 0–1
| Thomas Denham
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| BAMMA 12
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 3:58
| Newcastle upon Tyne, England
|
Championships and accomplishments
Rugby league
Whitehaven
National League One
Champions - 2005
Barrow Raiders
Division Two Championship
Champions – 2009
Minor premiership – 2009
BAMMA
BAMMA World Heavyweight Championship (One time; first)
References
External links
Statistics at rugbyleagueproject.org
Living people
1978 births
Barrow Raiders players
Doping cases in rugby league
English male mixed martial artists
English people of Irish descent
English rugby league players
English sportspeople in doping cases
Heavyweight mixed martial artists
Ireland national rugby league team players
Irish rugby league players
Light heavyweight mixed martial artists
Rugby league players from Cumbria
Whitehaven R.L.F.C. players
Workington Town players |
Marcén is a locality located in the municipality of Lalueza, in Huesca province, Aragon, Spain. As of 2020, it has a population of 58.
Geography
Marcén is located 44km south-southeast of Huesca.
References
Populated places in the Province of Huesca |
is a Japanese actor and tarento. He is often credited as BoBA.
Career
Born in Kiso, Nagano, Tanaka first began working for Japan National Railways after high school, but often went to the movies, including shows of indie and self-produced films. Becoming friends with young directors like Naoto Yamakawa, he left his job in 1990 and went to Tokyo, where he began working as an extra or lighting assistant on films by Naoto Takenaka, Junji Sakamoto, and others. After 1994 he concentrated on acting, eventually achieving fame in dramas like Hero. His first television show in a starring role, Outdoor Rock'n Roll, started broadcasting on BS Asahi in 2014.
Filmography
Film
Kanemasa (2020)
The Grapes of Joy (2021)
Your Turn to Kill: The Movie (2021)
Ring Wandering (2022)
What to Do with the Dead Kaiju? (2022), the Chief of Staff, Joint Staff
The Broken Commandment (2022)
Sun and Bolero (2022), Masamichi Endo
Haw (2022)
Thousand and One Nights (2022)
The Dry Spell (2023), Hosokawa
Detective of Joshidaikoji (2023)
Legal Heir (2023)
Jigen Daisuke (2023)
Dare to Stop Us 2 (2024)
Television
Reach Beyond the Blue Sky (2021) - Hagiwara Shirobei
A Day-Off of Ryunosuke Kamiki (2022)
References
External links
Japanese male actors
1963 births
Living people
Actors from Nagano Prefecture |
The 1992 Victorian state election was held on 3 October 1992.
Retiring Members
Labor
John Cain MLA (Bundoora)
Steve Crabb MLA (Knox)
Robert Fordham MLA (Footscray)
Andrew McCutcheon MLA (St Kilda)
Max McDonald MLA (Whittlesea)
Terry Norris MLA (Dandenong)
Jim Simmonds MLA (Reservoir)
Neil Trezise MLA (Geelong North)
Joan Coxsedge MLC (Melbourne West)
George Crawford MLC (Jika Jika)
Giovanni Sgro MLC (Melbourne North)
Evan Walker MLC (Melbourne)
Liberal
Tom Austin MLA (Ripon)
David Lea MLA (Sandringham)
Lou Lieberman MLA (Benambra)
Alan Hunt MLC (South Eastern)
Robert Lawson MLC (Higinbotham)
Dick Long MLC (Gippsland)
Reg Macey MLC (Monash)
National
Bruce Evans MLA (Gippsland East)
Ken Wright MLC (North Western)
Legislative Assembly
Sitting members are shown in bold text. Successful candidates are highlighted in the relevant colour. Where there is possible confusion, an asterisk (*) is also used.
Legislative Council
Sitting members are shown in bold text. Successful candidates are highlighted in the relevant colour. Where there is possible confusion, an asterisk (*) is also used.
References
Psephos - Adam Carr's Election Archive
Victoria
Candidates for Victorian state elections |
Grenada Packet was launched in Cork in 1789 as a West Indiaman. A nominally French privateer captured her in 1794; she burnt accidentally at Savannah while awaiting trial. Later, the United States Government paid compensation to Grenada Packets owners as her captor had been fitted out as a privateer in the United States, in contravention of the post–5 June 1793 ban on the arming in the United States of French privateers.
Career
Grenada Packet first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1789.
Fate
On 16 October 1793 Grenada Packet, Werryss, master, sailed from Gravesend, bound for Pensacola. Grenada Packet, Wemys, master, arrived in Jamaica from London, while bound to Pensacola.
Grenada Packet, Wemyss, master, was reported to have been taken and carried into Georgia. She had been on her way from Pensacola to London. Grenada Packet, a prize to Amie Point Petre, was reported to have burnt at Savannah.
Legal issues
The date of capture was 16 April 1794 and the captor was Ami de la Pointe-à-Pitre (henceforth Ami).
Ami was the former American schooner Fair Play, which William Talbot, Edward Ballard, and John Sinclair had purchased at Charleston, South Carolina and had armed and outfitted for privateering. The process involved sending Fair Play to Guadeloupe, and assuming French registry. It also required Talbot sailing her to Guadeloupe and there assuming French citizenship on 28 December 1793. The aim was to circumvent the Act of June 5, 1793, which sought to preserve the neutrality of the United States in the war between Britain and France by outlawing the arming of United States vessels to sail against Great Britain with letters of marque issued by France.
Ami received her French commission on 2 January 1794, with Talbot as master. She sailed that same day and by the time she returned to Charleston she had taken nine prizes, including Grenada Packet.
Grenada Packet, Francis Hamilton, master, arrived at Savannah on 19 April. The French consul advertised her condemnation trial for 25 April. Before she could be libelled, a tar pot overturned and set fire to her. The burning ship floated past wharves and warehouses, and sank. Her value had been estimated at £2,500, and the value of her cargo at £13,849 19s 7d. The reason for the taring was that she was being fitted out as a privateer.
The United States established a board of commissioners to hear claims for recompense by owners of vessels seized in contravention of the post–5 June 1793 ban on the arming in the United States of French privateers. The board awarded $18,498.09 to the owners of Grenada Packet, Wemyss, master.
Citations
References
1789 ships
Age of Sail merchant ships of England
Captured ships
Maritime incidents in 1794 |
Alin Roșu (born 21 August 1989) is a Romanian handballer who plays for Steaua București and the Romania national team.
Achievements
Liga Națională:
Silver Medalist: 2017, 2018
Cupa României:
Third Place: 2017
Individual awards
All-Star Left Wing of the Liga Națională: 2018
References
1989 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Botoșani
Romanian male handball players
CSA Steaua București (handball) players
21st-century Romanian people |
```xml
import { ExpandedTaxInfoUpdateRequest } from "../../../../billing/models/request/expanded-tax-info-update.request";
export class ProviderSetupRequest {
name: string;
businessName: string;
billingEmail: string;
token: string;
key: string;
taxInfo: ExpandedTaxInfoUpdateRequest;
}
``` |
Kyzyltash (; , Qıźıltaş) is a rural locality (a village) in Kugarchinsky Selsoviet, Kugarchinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.
Geography
Kyzyltash is located 33 km south of Mrakovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. 2-ye Tukatovo is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Kugarchinsky District |
```objective-c
/*
*
*/
/**
* @note TX and RX channels are index from 0 in the LL driver, i.e. tx_channel = [0,3], rx_channel = [0,3]
*/
#pragma once
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include "hal/misc.h"
#include "hal/assert.h"
#include "soc/rmt_struct.h"
#include "soc/system_struct.h"
#include "hal/rmt_types.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_DONE(channel) (1 << (channel))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_THRES(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 8))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_LOOP_END(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 12))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_ERROR(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 4))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_DONE(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 16))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_THRES(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 24))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_ERROR(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 20))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_MASK(channel) (RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_DONE(channel) | RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_THRES(channel) | RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_LOOP_END(channel))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_MASK(channel) (RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_DONE(channel) | RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_THRES(channel))
#define RMT_LL_MAX_LOOP_COUNT_PER_BATCH 1023
#define RMT_LL_MAX_FILTER_VALUE 255
#define RMT_LL_MAX_IDLE_VALUE 32767
typedef enum {
RMT_LL_MEM_OWNER_SW = 0,
RMT_LL_MEM_OWNER_HW = 1,
} rmt_ll_mem_owner_t;
/**
* @brief Enable the bus clock for RMT module
*
* @param group_id Group ID
* @param enable true to enable, false to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_enable_bus_clock(int group_id, bool enable)
{
(void)group_id;
SYSTEM.perip_clk_en0.rmt_clk_en = enable;
}
/// use a macro to wrap the function, force the caller to use it in a critical section
/// the critical section needs to declare the __DECLARE_RCC_ATOMIC_ENV variable in advance
#define rmt_ll_enable_bus_clock(...) (void)__DECLARE_RCC_ATOMIC_ENV; rmt_ll_enable_bus_clock(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* @brief Reset the RMT module
*
* @param group_id Group ID
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_reset_register(int group_id)
{
(void)group_id;
SYSTEM.perip_rst_en0.rmt_rst = 1;
SYSTEM.perip_rst_en0.rmt_rst = 0;
}
/// use a macro to wrap the function, force the caller to use it in a critical section
/// the critical section needs to declare the __DECLARE_RCC_ATOMIC_ENV variable in advance
#define rmt_ll_reset_register(...) (void)__DECLARE_RCC_ATOMIC_ENV; rmt_ll_reset_register(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* @brief Enable clock gate for register and memory
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_enable_periph_clock(rmt_dev_t *dev, bool enable)
{
dev->sys_conf.clk_en = enable; // register clock gating
dev->sys_conf.mem_clk_force_on = enable; // memory clock gating
}
/**
* @brief Force power on the RMT memory block, regardless of the outside PMU logic
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_mem_force_power_on(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pu = 1;
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pd = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Force power off the RMT memory block, regardless of the outside PMU logic
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_mem_force_power_off(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pd = 1;
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pu = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Power control the RMT memory block by the outside PMU logic
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_mem_power_by_pmu(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pd = 0;
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pu = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Enable APB accessing RMT memory in nonfifo mode
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_enable_mem_access_nonfifo(rmt_dev_t *dev, bool enable)
{
dev->sys_conf.apb_fifo_mask = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Set clock source and divider for RMT channel group
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel not used as clock source is set for all channels
* @param src Clock source
* @param divider_integral Integral part of the divider
* @param divider_denominator Denominator part of the divider
* @param divider_numerator Numerator part of the divider
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_set_group_clock_src(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, rmt_clock_source_t src,
uint32_t divider_integral, uint32_t divider_denominator, uint32_t divider_numerator)
{
// Formula: rmt_sclk = module_clock_src / (1 + div_num + div_a / div_b)
(void)channel; // the source clock is set for all channels
HAL_ASSERT(divider_integral >= 1);
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->sys_conf, sclk_div_num, divider_integral - 1);
dev->sys_conf.sclk_div_a = divider_numerator;
dev->sys_conf.sclk_div_b = divider_denominator;
switch (src) {
case RMT_CLK_SRC_APB:
dev->sys_conf.sclk_sel = 1;
break;
case RMT_CLK_SRC_RC_FAST:
dev->sys_conf.sclk_sel = 2;
break;
case RMT_CLK_SRC_XTAL:
dev->sys_conf.sclk_sel = 3;
break;
default:
HAL_ASSERT(false && "unsupported RMT clock source");
break;
}
}
/**
* @brief Enable RMT peripheral source clock
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param en True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_enable_group_clock(rmt_dev_t *dev, bool en)
{
dev->sys_conf.sclk_active = en;
}
////////////////////////////////////////TX Channel Specific/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* @brief Reset clock divider for TX channels by mask
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel_mask Mask of TX channels
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_reset_channels_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel_mask)
{
// write 1 to reset
dev->ref_cnt_rst.val |= channel_mask & 0x0F;
}
/**
* @brief Set TX channel clock divider
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param div Division value
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_channel_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t div)
{
HAL_ASSERT(div >= 1 && div <= 256 && "divider out of range");
// limit the maximum divider to 256
if (div >= 256) {
div = 0; // 0 means 256 division
}
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chnconf0[channel], div_cnt_chn, div);
}
/**
* @brief Reset RMT reading pointer for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_reset_pointer(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].mem_rd_rst_chn = 1;
dev->chnconf0[channel].mem_rd_rst_chn = 0;
dev->chnconf0[channel].apb_mem_rst_chn = 1;
dev->chnconf0[channel].apb_mem_rst_chn = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Enable DMA access for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_dma(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
HAL_ASSERT(channel == 3 && "only TX channel 3 has DMA ability");
dev->chnconf0[channel].dma_access_en_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Start transmitting for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_start(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
// update other configuration registers before start transmitting
dev->chnconf0[channel].conf_update_chn = 1;
dev->chnconf0[channel].tx_start_chn = 1;
}
/**
* @brief Stop transmitting for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_stop(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].tx_stop_chn = 1;
// stop won't take place until configurations updated
dev->chnconf0[channel].conf_update_chn = 1;
}
/**
* @brief Set memory block number for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param block_num memory block number
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_mem_blocks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint8_t block_num)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].mem_size_chn = block_num;
}
/**
* @brief Enable TX wrap
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_wrap(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].mem_tx_wrap_en_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Enable transmitting in a loop
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_loop(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].tx_conti_mode_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Set loop count for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param count TX loop count
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_loop_count(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t count)
{
HAL_ASSERT(count <= RMT_LL_MAX_LOOP_COUNT_PER_BATCH && "loop count out of range");
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].tx_loop_num_chn = count;
}
/**
* @brief Reset loop count for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_reset_loop_count(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].loop_count_reset_chn = 1;
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].loop_count_reset_chn = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Enable loop count for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_loop_count(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].tx_loop_cnt_en_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Enable loop stop at count value automatically
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_loop_autostop(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].loop_stop_en_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Enable transmit multiple channels synchronously
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_sync(rmt_dev_t *dev, bool enable)
{
dev->tx_sim.tx_sim_en = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Clear the TX channels synchronous group
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_clear_sync_group(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
dev->tx_sim.val &= ~(0x0F);
}
/**
* @brief Add TX channels to the synchronous group
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel_mask Mask of TX channels to be added to the synchronous group
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_sync_group_add_channels(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel_mask)
{
dev->tx_sim.val |= (channel_mask & 0x0F);
}
/**
* @brief Remove TX channels from the synchronous group
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel_mask Mask of TX channels to be removed from the synchronous group
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_sync_group_remove_channels(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel_mask)
{
dev->tx_sim.val &= ~channel_mask;
}
/**
* @brief Fix the output level when TX channel is in IDLE state
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param level IDLE level (1 => high, 0 => low)
* @param enable True to fix the IDLE level, otherwise the IDLE level is determined by EOF encoder
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_fix_idle_level(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint8_t level, bool enable)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].idle_out_en_chn = enable;
dev->chnconf0[channel].idle_out_lv_chn = level;
}
/**
* @brief Set the amount of RMT symbols that can trigger the limitation interrupt
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param limit Specify the number of symbols
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_limit(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t limit)
{
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].tx_lim_chn = limit;
}
/**
* @brief Set high and low duration of carrier signal
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param high_ticks Duration of high level
* @param low_ticks Duration of low level
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_carrier_high_low_ticks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t high_ticks, uint32_t low_ticks)
{
HAL_ASSERT(high_ticks >= 1 && high_ticks <= 65536 && low_ticks >= 1 && low_ticks <= 65536 && "out of range high/low ticks");
// ticks=0 means 65536 in hardware
if (high_ticks >= 65536) {
high_ticks = 0;
}
if (low_ticks >= 65536) {
low_ticks = 0;
}
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chncarrier_duty[channel], carrier_high_chn, high_ticks);
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chncarrier_duty[channel], carrier_low_chn, low_ticks);
}
/**
* @brief Enable modulating carrier signal to TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_carrier_modulation(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].carrier_en_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Set on high or low to modulate the carrier signal
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param level Which level to modulate on (0=>low level, 1=>high level)
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_carrier_level(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint8_t level)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].carrier_out_lv_chn = level;
}
/**
* @brief Enable to always output carrier signal, regardless of a valid data transmission
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to output carrier signal in all RMT state, False to only output carrier signal for effective data
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_carrier_always_on(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].carrier_eff_en_chn = !enable;
}
////////////////////////////////////////RX Channel Specific/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* @brief Reset clock divider for RX channels by mask
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel_mask Mask of RX channels
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_reset_channels_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel_mask)
{
dev->ref_cnt_rst.val |= ((channel_mask & 0x0F) << 4);
}
/**
* @brief Set RX channel clock divider
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param div Division value
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_channel_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t div)
{
HAL_ASSERT(div >= 1 && div <= 256 && "divider out of range");
// limit the maximum divider to 256
if (div >= 256) {
div = 0; // 0 means 256 division
}
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chmconf[channel].conf0, div_cnt_chm, div);
}
/**
* @brief Reset RMT writing pointer for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_reset_pointer(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.mem_wr_rst_chm = 1;
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.mem_wr_rst_chm = 0;
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.apb_mem_rst_chm = 1;
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.apb_mem_rst_chm = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Enable DMA access for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_enable_dma(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
HAL_ASSERT(channel == 3 && "only RX channel 3 has DMA ability");
dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.dma_access_en_chm = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Enable receiving for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_enable(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.rx_en_chm = enable;
// rx won't be enabled until configurations updated
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.conf_update_chm = 1;
}
/**
* @brief Set memory block number for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param block_num memory block number
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_mem_blocks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint8_t block_num)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.mem_size_chm = block_num;
}
/**
* @brief Set the time length for RX channel before going into IDLE state
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param thres Time length threshold
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_idle_thres(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t thres)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.idle_thres_chm = thres;
}
/**
* @brief Set RMT memory owner for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param owner Memory owner
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_mem_owner(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, rmt_ll_mem_owner_t owner)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.mem_owner_chm = owner;
}
/**
* @brief Enable filter for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX chanenl number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_enable_filter(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.rx_filter_en_chm = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Set RX channel filter threshold (i.e. the maximum width of one pulse signal that would be treated as a noise)
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param thres Filter threshold
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_filter_thres(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t thres)
{
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chmconf[channel].conf1, rx_filter_thres_chm, thres);
}
/**
* @brief Get RMT memory write cursor offset
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @return writer offset
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_memory_writer_offset(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chmstatus[channel].mem_waddr_ex_chm - (channel + 4) * 48;
}
/**
* @brief Set the amount of RMT symbols that can trigger the limitation interrupt
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param limit Specify the number of symbols
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_limit(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t limit)
{
dev->chm_rx_lim[channel].rx_lim_chm = limit;
}
/**
* @brief Set high and low duration of carrier signal
*
* @param dev dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param high_ticks Duration of high level
* @param low_ticks Duration of low level
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_carrier_high_low_ticks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t high_ticks, uint32_t low_ticks)
{
HAL_ASSERT(high_ticks >= 1 && high_ticks <= 65536 && low_ticks >= 1 && low_ticks <= 65536 && "out of range high/low ticks");
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chm_rx_carrier_rm[channel], carrier_high_thres_chm, high_ticks - 1);
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chm_rx_carrier_rm[channel], carrier_low_thres_chm, low_ticks - 1);
}
/**
* @brief Enable demodulating the carrier on RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_enable_carrier_demodulation(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.carrier_en_chm = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Set on high or low to demodulate the carrier signal
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param level Which level to demodulate (0=>low level, 1=>high level)
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_carrier_level(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint8_t level)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.carrier_out_lv_chm = level;
}
/**
* @brief Enable RX wrap
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_enable_wrap(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.mem_rx_wrap_en_chm = enable;
}
//////////////////////////////////////////Interrupt Specific////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* @brief Enable RMT interrupt for specific event mask
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param mask Event mask
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_enable_interrupt(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t mask, bool enable)
{
if (enable) {
dev->int_ena.val |= mask;
} else {
dev->int_ena.val &= ~mask;
}
}
/**
* @brief Clear RMT interrupt status by mask
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param mask Interrupt status mask
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_clear_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t mask)
{
dev->int_clr.val = mask;
}
/**
* @brief Get interrupt status register address
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @return Register address
*/
static inline volatile void *rmt_ll_get_interrupt_status_reg(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return &dev->int_st;
}
/**
* @brief Get interrupt status for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @return Interrupt status
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->int_st.val & RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_MASK(channel);
}
/**
* @brief Get interrupt raw status for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @return Interrupt raw status
*/
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_interrupt_status_raw(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->int_raw.val & (RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_MASK(channel) | RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_ERROR(channel));
}
/**
* @brief Get interrupt raw status for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @return Interrupt raw status
*/
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_interrupt_status_raw(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->int_raw.val & (RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_MASK(channel) | RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_ERROR(channel));
}
/**
* @brief Get interrupt status for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @return Interrupt status
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->int_st.val & RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_MASK(channel);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////Deprecated Functions//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////The following functions are only used by the legacy driver/////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////They might be removed in the next major release (ESP-IDF 6.0)//////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_status_word(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chnstatus[channel].val;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_status_word(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chmstatus[channel].val;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_channel_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
uint32_t div = HAL_FORCE_READ_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chnconf0[channel], div_cnt_chn);
return div == 0 ? 256 : div;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_channel_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
uint32_t div = HAL_FORCE_READ_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chmconf[channel].conf0, div_cnt_chm);
return div == 0 ? 256 : div;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_idle_thres(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.idle_thres_chm;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_mem_blocks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chnconf0[channel].mem_size_chn;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_mem_blocks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.mem_size_chm;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline bool rmt_ll_tx_is_loop_enabled(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chnconf0[channel].tx_conti_mode_chn;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline rmt_clock_source_t rmt_ll_get_group_clock_src(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
rmt_clock_source_t clk_src = RMT_CLK_SRC_APB;
switch (dev->sys_conf.sclk_sel) {
case 1:
clk_src = RMT_CLK_SRC_APB;
break;
case 2:
clk_src = RMT_CLK_SRC_RC_FAST;
break;
case 3:
clk_src = RMT_CLK_SRC_XTAL;
break;
}
return clk_src;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline bool rmt_ll_tx_is_idle_enabled(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chnconf0[channel].idle_out_en_chn;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_idle_level(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chnconf0[channel].idle_out_lv_chn;
}
static inline bool rmt_ll_is_mem_force_powered_down(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pd;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_mem_owner(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.mem_owner_chm;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_limit(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chm_rx_lim[channel].rx_lim_chm;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_tx_end_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return dev->int_st.val & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_rx_end_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 16) & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_tx_err_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 4) & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_rx_err_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 20) & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_tx_thres_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 8) & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_rx_thres_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 24) & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_tx_loop_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 12) & 0x0F;
}
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
``` |
Pokaew Fonjangchonburi (โพธิ์แก้ว ฝนจางชลบุรี) is a Thai Muay Thai kickboxer.
Titles and accomplishments
Professional Boxing Association of Thailand (PAT)
1998 Thailand 118 lbs Champion
2003 Thailand 122 lbs Champion
Rajadamnern Stadium
2004 Rajadamnern Stadium 122 lbs Champion
Lumpinee Stadium
2006 Lumpinee Stadium 122 lbs Champion
Omnoi Stadium
2003 Omnoi Stadium 118 lbs Champion
2001 Isuzu Cup Runner-up
Muay Thai record
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2015-09-04|| Loss||align=left| Rodlek P.K. Saenchaimuaythaigym || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#c5d2ea;"
| 2015-07-21|| Draw||align=left| Nawapon Lookpakrist || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2015-04-21|| Loss||align=left| Patakthep Sinbeemuaythai || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2014-12-09 ||Loss||align=left| Yodtongthai Kiatjaroenchai || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || TKO (Elbow) || 2 ||
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2014-08-29 || Loss ||align=left| Muangthai PKSaenchaimuaythaigym || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || KO (Left Elbow) || 2 || 1:45
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2014-08-05|| Win||align=left| Muangthai PKSaenchaimuaythaigym || Lumpinee Stadium || Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2014-07-08 ||Win||align=left| Pornsanae Sitmonchai || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || TKO (punches) || 2 ||
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2014-03-02 || Loss ||align=left| Songkom Srisuriyunyothin || Channel 7 Boxing Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#c5d2ea;"
| 2014-01-28 || Draw ||align=left| Jompichit Chuwattana || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2013-10-25 ||Loss||align=left| Kaewkangwan Kaiyanghadao || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2013-07-16 ||Loss||align=left| Pettawee Sor Kittichai || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2013-06-07 || Loss||align=left| Phetmorakot Petchyindee Academy || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || TKO (knees) || 3 ||
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2013-05-07|| Win||align=left| Thanonchai Thanakorngym || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2013-03-30 || Loss||align=left| Penake Sitnumnoi || || Koh Samui, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2013-03-10 || Loss||align=left| Yetkin Özkul || Le Choc des Légendes || Paris, France || DQ (Strikes after the bell) || 2 || 3:00
|- style="background:#c5d2ea;"
| 2013-02-07 || Draw ||align=left| Sam-A Gaiyanghadao || Rajadamnern Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2012-12-07 ||Loss||align=left| Sam-A Gaiyanghadao || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2012-11-06 || Win||align=left| Ritidej Thor.Thepsuthin || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2012-10-04 || Win ||align=left| Petpanomrung Kiatmuu9 || Wanmitchai Fights, Rajadamnern Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2012-09-11 || Win||align=left| Tong PuiD9D || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2012-07-06 || Win||align=left| Petpanomrung Kiatmuu9 || Suekpetchpiya Fights, Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2012-05-01 || Win||align=left| Rungrat Sor Jor.Toipaedriew || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2012-03-09 || Loss||align=left| Thong Puideenaidee || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2012-01-12 || Win||align=left| Lekkla Thanasuranakorn || Rajadamnern Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2011-09-09 || Win||align=left| Lekkla Thanasuranakorn || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2011-07-10|| Loss||align=left| Saenkeng Chor.Nopparat || Channel 7 Boxing Stadium || Thailand || Decision|| 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2011-05-27|| Loss||align=left| Penake Sitnumnoi || Lumpinee Stadium || Thailand || Decision|| 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2011-03-08 ||Loss ||align=left| Sam-A Gaiyanghadao || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2011-01-25 || Win||align=left| Sanghiran Lukbanyai || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2010-11-28 ||Win||align=left| Santipap Sit Ubon || Channel 7 Boxing Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2010-09-10 ||Loss ||align=left| Phetek Kiatyongyut || Pumpanmuang Fight, Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2007-07-03 || ||align=left| Famechai FA.Group || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2007-03-02 || Loss ||align=left| Pinsiam Sor.Amnuaysirichoke || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2007-01-30 || Win ||align=left| Nong-O Gaiyanghadao || Phetyindee Fights, Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2006-11-09 || Loss||align=left| Nong-O Gaiyanghadao || Phetjaopraya Fights, Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2006-10-18 || Win||align=left| Nong-O Gaiyanghadao || Phetpiya Fights, Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2005-08-10 ||Win||align=left| Pettawee Sor Kittichai || Rajadamnern Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2004-02-12 || Win||align=left| Densiam Lukprabat || Rajadamnern Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2004-04-10 || Loss||align=left| Densayam Lukprabat || Rajadamnern Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2004-03-20 || Win||align=left| Phutawan Buriramphukaofai|| Rajadamnern Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2003-10-24 || Win||align=left| Rittidet Newmuangkhon|| Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2003-02-01 || Win||align=left| Yodlada Daopaedriew || Omnoi Stadium ||Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2002-07-27 || Win||align=left| Pinsiam Sor.Amnuaysirichoke || Omnoi Stadium ||Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2002-05-11 || Loss||align=left| Rungjarat SKV Gym || Omnoi Stadium || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2001-06-09 || Win||align=left| Banpot Tor.Silanoi || Omnoi Stadium ||Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2001-03-24 || Loss||align=left| Sanchernglek Jirakriangkrai || Omnoi Stadium - Isuzu Cup Final || Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2001-01-20 || Win||align=left| Komkrit Tor.Phithakkonkan|| Omnoi Stadium - Isuzu Cup ||Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 2000-12-02 || Win||align=left| Kongpipop Petchyindee || Omnoi Stadium - Isuzu Cup ||Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|- bgcolor="#cfc"
| 1998-12-23 || Win ||align=left| Anuwat Kaewsamrit || || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 ||3:00
|- style="background:#cfc;"
| 1998-04-18 || Win||align=left| Wuttidet Lukprabat || Omnoi Stadium ||Samut Sakhon, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
| colspan=9 | Legend:
See also
List of male kickboxers
References
1979 births
Living people
Pokaew Fonjangchonburi
Pokaew Fonjangchonburi |
Harpendyreus is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.
Species
Harpendyreus aequatorialis (Sharpe, 1892)
Harpendyreus argenteostriata Stempffer, 1961
Harpendyreus berger Stempffer, 1976
Harpendyreus boma (Bethune-Baker, 1926)
Harpendyreus hazelae Stempffer, 1973
Harpendyreus juno (Butler, 1897)
Harpendyreus kisaba (Joicey & Talbot, 1921)
Harpendyreus major (Joicey & Talbot, 1924)
Harpendyreus marlieri Stempffer, 1961
Harpendyreus marungensis (Joicey & Talbot, 1924)
Harpendyreus meruana (Aurivillius, 1910)
Harpendyreus noquasa (Trimen & Bowker, 1887)
Harpendyreus notoba (Trimen, 1868)
Harpendyreus reginaldi Heron, 1909
Harpendyreus tsomo (Trimen, 1868)
External links
"Harpendyreus Heron, 1909" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms
Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 73
Lycaenidae genera |
Hiram Clarence Eddy (23 June 1851 - 10 January 1937) was a United States organist and composer
Biography
He was born in Greenfield, Massachusetts. He studied under Dudley Buck in Hartford, Connecticut, counterpoint under Carl August Haupt, and piano under Carl Albert Loeschhorn in Berlin. In 1874-76 he was organist of the First Congregational Church, Chicago; afterward organist and choirmaster of the First Presbyterian Church for 17 years and from 1875 to 1908 was director of the Hershey School of Musical Art. In 1877-79 he gave a series of 100 organ recitals, with entirely different programs, a memorable achievement in American musical annals. He played at several expositions in America and abroad, and gave recitals in the principal American and European cities. He composed several works for the organ, including one method book for instruction.
Studies in Europe
In the summer of 1871, Eddy went to Berlin to study for a period of more than two years. He studied organ and theory with Carl August Haupt, and piano with Carl Albert Löschorn. En route to Berlin, Eddy visited England and France, making important connections with distinguished organists such as Alexandre Guilmant, Charles-Marie Widor, Camille Saint-Saëns, César Franck, W.T. Best, and others.
Reportedly practicing from six to ten hours a day, he had lessons weekly, and also participated in chamber music activities, in addition to concertizing. One 1873 review spoke highly of Eddy's performance, stating that “all the excellent qualities of the master showed themselves in the playing of the pupil. Massive technique, clearness and certainty, energy in taking the tones and a wonderfully lovely legato.”
Further concerts allowed Eddy to secure the funds necessary to repay the loan which was taken out to enable his European trip. Finally, in the spring of 1874, he returned to the United States after an extensive trip through Holland, Belgium, France, and London.
Return to the United States
Returning to the United States with a letter of recommendation from Haupt, Eddy presided as organist at the First Congregational Church in Chicago. He received praise for his playing of the music he had learned in Europe. In 1879, he took the position of organist at First Presbyterian Church, staying there for 17 years. In 1876, Eddy spent one week in Philadelphia playing recitals three times a day at the Centennial Exposition.
During his time in Chicago, he became involved with the Hershey School of Music as general director. It was founded in 1875 by Sara Hershey, and in 1876 the Hershey Music Hall was completed, giving the school the facilities it needed. A three-manual Johnson organ (built to Eddy's specifications) was installed for teaching and concert purposes. Inaugural concerts were performed on January 23 and 25 of 1877.
Continuing to tour and perform extensively, Eddy remained part of the Chicago music scene, including designing and dedicating the Roosevelt organ in the Auditorium Theatre. Eddy left Chicago in 1895, spending the rest of his life touring, teaching, and concertizing, dedicating over 1000 organs in his career. He later wrote organ method books, and teaching remained part of his career after leaving the Hershey school.
The 100 Recitals
Between 1877 and 1879, Eddy gave over 100 recitals, all with different programs on Sunday afternoons at the Hershey Music Hall. Each recital featured a piece by Bach and a variety of contemporary organ works, including transcriptions. Each recital also had two pieces of non-organ music, typically a vocalist, or chamber music.
Writings
The Church and Concert Organist (3 vols., 1885)
The Organ in Church (1887)
Concert Pieces for the Organ (1889)
Carl August Haupt, Counterpoint, Fugue, and Double Counterpoint, translator (1876)
Later life
Eddy moved around between various cites, including New York and Paris. Continuing to concertize up until his death, he also recorded player organ rolls for the Aeolian Company. He died on January 10, 1937, from heart and kidney complications. He is interred in his hometown of Greenfield Massachusetts.
Family
In 1879, was married to singer Sara Hershey who established the Hershey School of Musical Art in Chicago. Eddy and Hershey divorced in 1905.
Notes
References
External links
1851 births
1937 deaths
American male organists
American male composers
American composers
People from Greenfield, Massachusetts
Musicians from Massachusetts
Musicians from Chicago
American organists |
The International Bowl was a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) collegiate American football bowl game played in Toronto from 2007 through 2010. During its run, it was the only post-season bowl game played outside the United States, the first such game since the Bacardi Bowl, played in Cuba on January 1, 1937. The game pitted teams from the Big East and Mid-American Conferences, with the Big East winning all four match-ups.
History
In 2004, a partnership led by the city of Toronto bid to host a bowl game in Toronto, to help the city recover from its loss of tourism dollars due to the 2003 SARS outbreak. The NCAA sanctioned the new Poinsettia Bowl in San Diego, instead; Toronto re-launched its bid in 2005 and was successful, playing its first game at the end of the 2006 season.
The bowl signed agreements with two Division I conferences to provide teams: The Big East Conference, a BCS conference, and the Mid-American Conference. Both conferences are composed of schools in the American Midwest and Northeast, with the exception of Big East school South Florida. One Big East member, Cincinnati, is a former member of the MAC (conversely, the MAC had one former Big East member during the game's tenure – Temple, who later rejoined the Big East).
The 2009 International Bowl was notable in that the Buffalo Bulls (champions of the Mid-American Conference) appeared in the first bowl game in the history of the school. The Bulls turned down their only other bowl invitation, the 1958 Tangerine Bowl, as the black players on the team were not going to be permitted to play.
After the bowl could not renew its contract with the BCS member Big East Conference, officials decided to cease the contest. It was hoped that the bowl could be revived later on, but the Big East's contract with the new Pinstripe Bowl complicated matters. The MAC's tie in was inherited by the Humanitarian Bowl.
In all four editions of the International Bowl, the Big East representative defeated the MAC representative, with only the first game decided by fewer than 18 points.
Venue
The International Bowl was played at Rogers Centre. It was the first football game of significance to be played in Canada under American football rules since Simon Fraser University's football team left the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics in 2001, and joined CIS, where Canadian universities play under Canadian football rules.
Trophy
The winner of the International Bowl was presented with a trophy similar in design to the International Bowl logo. A Canadian maple leaf formed the back of the trophy, with a small crystal football set offset to the right. The name of the winning team was placed on a plaque attached to the lower part of the trophy.
Game results
MVPs
Most appearances
Television
ESPN carried the International Bowl across its family of networks for the entirety of the bowl's history. Since the game was in Canada, the network chose to use its Canadian-born commentators or ones that had some connection to Canadian football. Toronto native John Saunders called the game for its first three playings, while CFL Hall of Famer Doug Flutie was a color commentator three times and Nepean, Ontario native Jesse Palmer was there for two of the games. With the exception of the inaugural playing, a Canadian served as the sideline reporter; Ontario natives Stacey Dales and David Amber were part of the festivities.
Radio
Local Radio
Photo gallery
2007
2009
References
Defunct college football bowls
American football in Toronto |
Meltdown EP is an extended play (EP) by American rapper Pitbull, released on November 22, 2013 through Mr. 305, Polo Grounds, and RCA Records.
The EP can be purchased individually, or can be found attached onto the end of the Global Warming album under the 2013 reissue titled Global Warming: Meltdown.
Singles
"Timber" was released as the lead single on October 7, 2013. The track features guest vocals from American singer-songwriter Kesha. The single has peaked at #1 on the US Billboard Hot 100, #1 in the UK, Canada, Austria, Germany, Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands, #4 in Australia, #6 in Spain, #3 in New Zealand, and at #8 in France. It has further peaked in the top 5 in over 25 countries. The song became a worldwide hit. This marks Pitbull's 2nd global hit. Pitbull performed the song in the AMA's, The X Factor finale, Good Morning America and also in the Jingle Balls. Timber has peaked at number one in more than 16 countries, number 2 in 7 countries, number 3 in four countries, and reached the top 10 in 4 countries and top 20 in 3 countries making it the biggest hit of 2014.
Commercial performance
The EP debuted at number 95 on the US Billboard 200 chart, with first-week sales of 10,000 copies in the United States.
Track listing
Notes
signifies an additional producer
Sample credits
"Timber" contains a portion of the composition "San Francisco Bay", written by Lee Oskar, Keri Oskar, and Greg Errico as well as a sample of one of Pitbull's own songs, "11:59" featuring Vein.
"Do It" contains the original track of "Do It" by Tuxedo, but with Pitbull rapping over the extended instrumental breaks.
Charts
Release history
References
External links
Meltdown on Spotify
2013 EPs
Pitbull (rapper) albums
RCA Records EPs
Albums produced by Benny Blanco
Albums produced by Calvin Harris
Albums produced by Cirkut
Albums produced by Dr. Luke
Albums produced by Stargate |
David Daniel Otunga (born April 7, 1980) is an American actor, lawyer and former professional wrestler best known for his time working with WWE.
Otunga was the runner-up on the first season of NXT. He is also an original member of The Nexus and The New Nexus, being the only member present through the entire duration of the stable in every incarnation. As part of the faction, he became a two-time WWE Tag Team Champion, having one reign each with fellow Nexus members John Cena and Michael McGillicutty.
Early life
Otunga was born in Elgin, Illinois, to father Moses, a Kenyan, and a European American mother, Billie, both of whom are educators. He is the youngest of three children. Otunga graduated from Larkin High School and later earned a bachelor's degree in psychology from the University of Illinois. Following his graduation, he moved to New York City where he became a laboratory manager in Columbia University's Cognitive Neuroscience Center. He later graduated from Harvard Law School in 2006, passing Illinois' bar exam. Otunga worked at Sidley Austin, one of America's largest law firms, from May 2005 to October 2007.
Acting career
In 2007, after his niece submitted his audition tape, Otunga was chosen to be a contestant on I Love New York 2 and given the nickname "Punk". He became one of the final three contestants in the competition, before being eliminated on the series' penultimate episode. Otunga has since starred in the 2013 thriller film The Call. Otunga made a guest appearance as himself in the 13,110th episode (Season 52, Episode 84) of General Hospital.
Professional wrestling career
World Wrestling Entertainment/WWE
FCW (2008–2010)
In November 2008, Otunga signed a developmental contract with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and was assigned to its development territory, Florida Championship Wrestling. He made his debut on May 29, 2009, under the ring name Dawson Alexander, in a six-man tag team match. Otunga teamed with Barry Allen and Jon Cutler to defeat Abraham Saddam Washington, Derrick Bateman and Camacho.
NXT (2010)
On February 16, 2010, after numerous dark matches on both Raw and SmackDown, it was announced that Otunga would wrestle on the first season of NXT under his real name, with R-Truth as his storyline mentor. He made his debut on the inaugural episode of NXT on February 23, quickly defeating Darren Young. Young defeated Otunga in a rematch on the following week's broadcast, thanks to interference from Young's mentor, CM Punk. After the match, R-Truth tried to offer his support, only to be shoved away by a frustrated Otunga, resulting in Otunga turning heel. R-Truth took exception, confronting and brawling with Otunga backstage. On the March 30 episode of NXT, Otunga won an 8-man over the top rope battle royal against the other NXT Rookies to earn the right to guest host Raw the following week. On the April 5 episode of Raw, Otunga put himself in a tag team match with John Cena for the Unified WWE Tag Team Championship against ShoMiz (Big Show and The Miz). Later in the match, however, he refused to tag in and walked out, allowing ShoMiz to retain. On May 11, in the second Pros Poll, he was moved to second place. During the season finale on June 1, Otunga came in second place overall in the competition, losing out to Wade Barrett.
The Nexus (2010-2011)
The following week on Raw, Otunga and the other NXT rookies from season one interfered in the main event match between John Cena and CM Punk, attacking the competitors, the announce team, and ring announcer Justin Roberts, before dismantling the ring area and surrounding equipment. On the June 14 episode of Raw, the rookies attacked General Manager Bret Hart, when he refused to give them contracts. The following week on Raw, Vince McMahon fired Hart and announced the hiring of a new general manager, who had signed all seven season one NXT rookies to contracts. The following week, the group was named The Nexus. On the July 12 episode of Raw, The Nexus, excluding Daniel Bryan (who was fired by Vince McMahon after the Nexus' first night on Raw in part due to choking ring announcer Justin Roberts with his own tie), competed in their first match together, defeating John Cena in a six-on-one handicap match. The Nexus continued to feud with Cena and the Raw roster, resulting in a seven-on-seven elimination tag team match at SummerSlam. Otunga was the fourth member of The Nexus eliminated, when he submitted to Chris Jericho, and The Nexus went on to lose the match.
Cena was later forced to join The Nexus, as a result of losing to Barrett at Hell in a Cell. At the following pay-per-view, Bragging Rights on October 24, Otunga and Cena teamed together to win the WWE Tag Team Championship from Cody Rhodes and Drew McIntyre. The next night on Raw Otunga and Cena lost the Tag Team Championship to fellow Nexus members Justin Gabriel and Heath Slater when Barrett ordered Otunga to allow Slater to pin him. On November 5, Otunga, who had been questioning Barrett's leadership in the past weeks, led Nexus, minus Barrett and Cena, to an invasion of SmackDown. Barrett did not approve of Otunga's decision to lead The Nexus to SmackDown and as a result forced him to defend his spot in the group a week later. On the November 12 episode of SmackDown, Otunga defeated Edge in a lumberjack match, after Kane interfered, to keep his spot in Nexus. About a month later, Otunga started to rebel against Barrett with the rest of Nexus behind him. After the group disobeyed direct orders and walked away from Barrett, Otunga told Barrett to rehire Cena the following week or be banished from Nexus.
In January 2011, Barrett was exiled from Nexus and CM Punk took over his spot as the leader of the group. While Justin Gabriel and Heath Slater chose not to follow Punk's orders and left Nexus, Otunga agreed to take his initiation test, a beating from the Big Show, and remain with the group. In late February, it was announced that Punk would face Randy Orton at WrestleMania XXVII, with each member of The Nexus facing Orton to win the right to accompany Punk to the ring in the weeks leading up to WrestleMania. Otunga faced Orton on the March 7 episode of Raw, but lost. Following the match, he was punted in the skull by Orton. Otunga was absent from television for over a month, returning on the April 11 episode of Raw with the other New Nexus members, and preventing Orton from earning a WWE Championship match.
On the May 23 episode of Raw, Otunga teamed with fellow Nexus member Michael McGillicutty to win the WWE Tag Team Championship from Kane and The Big Show with the help interference from fellow New Nexus members Mason Ryan and Punk. They made their only successful title defense against The Usos on the July 29 episode of SmackDown. After CM Punk left the New Nexus when his WWE contract expired on July 17, Otunga and McGillicutty competed against Santino Marella and Zack Ryder on the August 1 episode of Raw without any Nexus gear or armbands, and with all Nexus logos removed from their TitanTron, effectively signaling the end of the New Nexus. On the August 22 episode of Raw, Otunga and McGillicutty lost the Tag Team Championship to Air Boom (Kofi Kingston and Evan Bourne).
Legal advisor (2011–2015)
After a minor feud with Jerry Lawler, Otunga and McGillicutty's team quietly disbanded. Otunga then started a new storyline, focusing on his law background, as John Laurinaitis advised him to help disgruntled wrestlers plan a lawsuit against Triple H, WWE's chief operating officer. He also started carrying a Starbucks thermos. On the September 30 episode of SmackDown, Otunga and Laurinaitis sat down with Dolph Ziggler, Jack Swagger, Cody Rhodes, Alberto Del Rio, Christian, and Vickie Guerrero to discuss the matter. The following week on Raw, Otunga walked out on Triple H with other wrestlers, Divas, and referees after a "vote of no confidence" for Triple H as general manager of Raw. He returned to in-ring action on the November 29 SmackDown Holiday Special where he was defeated by Randy Orton in a Miracle on 34th Street Fight match. On the December 23 episode of SmackDown he cancelled a #1 Contender's match between The Big Show and Mark Henry due to the latter's leg injury; he was knocked out by Show as a result. Otunga faced The Big Show on the December 26 episode of Raw and the December 30 episode of SmackDown, but lost both matches. He obtained his first win since returning to singles competition on the January 13, 2012, episode of SmackDown, defeating Santino Marella. He captured back-to-back wins against Ezekiel Jackson on the February 20 episode of Raw and the February 21 episode of Super SmackDown. On the March 12 episode of Raw, it was announced that Otunga would be the captain of Laurinaitis' team for the battle for control 12-man Tag Team match at WrestleMania. Team Johnny was victorious at WrestleMania XXVIII. On the April 16 episode of Raw, Otunga unsuccessfully challenged Santino Marella for the United States Championship. Otunga took leave from WWE television from April 23 to May 14 to be with his fiancé, Jennifer Hudson, during the murder trial of William Balfour in Chicago.
At No Way Out, Otunga lost to Brodus Clay via count out. The next night on Raw, Otunga teamed with Big Show and John Laurinaitis in a 3 on 1 handicap match. Before the match started, Big Show walked out on Otunga and Laurinaitis. Otunga walked out as well during the match, because Laurinaitis had refused to tag himself in, allowing John Cena to make Laurinaitis submit. The next week on SmackDown, Otunga delivered a low blow to Brodus Clay as Clay was fighting Big Show. He returned to Raw on August 20 to confront general manager AJ Lee. He was put into a match against Big Show, which he lost. On September 3, Otunga was seen with Alberto Del Rio, who told Matt Striker that his client (Del Rio) won't talk to him. On the September 7 episode of SmackDown, he represented Alberto Del Rio and Ricardo Rodriguez to win the case to ban Sheamus' finishing move, the Brogue Kick, just as Otunga was facing Sheamus at the night's main event, although the Brogue Kick was later reinstated. He managed Alberto Del Rio at Night of Champions in his match with Sheamus for the World Heavyweight Championship which Del Rio lost, At Survivor Series, Otunga was made a part of Team Ziggler, filling in for the injured Cody Rhodes. He was eliminated by Daniel Bryan. Otunga competed in the 2013 Royal Rumble match entering at #9 but was eliminated by Sheamus. His last singles match was a loss to Ryback. Since then, he has been doing promotional work for WWE backstage. Otunga returned on October 28 when he conducted an interview for WWE.com after Big Show sued WWE and Triple H for defamation, discrimination and wrongful termination of contract.
Otunga returned on April 6, 2014, in the André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal at WrestleMania XXX and was eliminated by Big E. Otunga did not make any WWE appearances again until he returned to live events on January 9, 2015. His last match was on July 5, 2015, on a WWE Live SummerSlam Heatwave Tour where he lost to R-Truth.
Non-wrestling roles (2015–2018)
Otunga returned to television on February 2, 2015, doing the Raw Pre-Show. Following this, he offered his legal services to his former tag team partner Curtis Axel regarding his Royal Rumble 2015 controversy. Now rarely an in-ring performer, Otunga replaced Alex Riley as one of the hosts of the weekly Raw pre-show on the WWE Network.
In June 2016, Otunga left his position on the Raw pre-show panel, where he joined the commentary team alongside Tom Phillips for both Superstars and Main Event. On the June 23 episode of SmackDown, Otunga temporarily replaced Jerry Lawler on the commentary team, after Lawler was suspended by WWE. Following the 2016 WWE draft, Otunga was announced to join the SmackDown commentary team on a full-time basis, alongside Mauro Ranallo and John "Bradshaw" Layfield, where he served as the babyface color commentator in contrast to JBL's heel color commentary.
On April 11, 2017, it was reported that Otunga was traded to the Raw brand for Byron Saxton as part of the 2017 WWE Superstar Shake-up. However, due to his acting career, he was replaced by Booker T on Raw for six weeks. Upon Otunga's return, Booker remained Raw color commentator while Otunga became a pre-show panelist. He has occasionally appeared on commentary since.
Personal life
Seven months after meeting singer and actress Jennifer Hudson, Otunga proposed marriage on Hudson's 27th birthday in 2008. On August 10, 2009, Hudson gave birth to the couple's only child, their son David Daniel Otunga Jr. In November 2017, Otunga and Hudson split after being in the process of separation for several months.
Filmography
Championships and accomplishments
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Feud of the Year (2010)
Most Hated Wrestler of the Year (2010)
Rookie of the Year (2010)
Ranked No. 84 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2012
WWE
WWE Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with John Cena (1) and Michael McGillicutty (1)
Slammy Award (2 times)
Shocker of the Year (2010)
Pee-wee Herman Bowtie Award (2011)
Wrestling Observer Newsletter
Worst Television Announcer (2016)
References
External links
1980 births
African-American male professional wrestlers
American color commentators
American male professional wrestlers
American male television actors
American people of Kenyan descent
American people of Luo descent
Harvard Law School alumni
Illinois lawyers
Living people
Professional wrestlers from Illinois
Professional wrestling announcers
Sportspeople from Chicago
Sportspeople from Elgin, Illinois
University of Illinois alumni
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American people
21st-century professional wrestlers
WWE Raw Tag Team Champions |
Beaver Ranch 163 is an Indian reserve in Alberta. It is occupied by the Tallcree First Nation.
References
Indian reserves in Alberta
Cree reserves and territories |
A Bridge Too Far is a 1977 epic war film directed by Richard Attenborough.
Depicting Operation Market Garden, a failed Allied operation in Nazi-occupied Netherlands during World War II, and based on a book of the same name by historian Cornelius Ryan, the film was directed by Richard Attenborough and with a screenplay by William Goldman. It stars an ensemble cast, featuring Dirk Bogarde, James Caan, Michael Caine, Sean Connery, Edward Fox, Elliott Gould, Gene Hackman, Anthony Hopkins, Hardy Krüger, Laurence Olivier, Ryan O'Neal, Robert Redford, Maximilian Schell and Liv Ullmann.
Independently produced by Richard and Joseph E. Levine, it was the second film based on a book by Ryan to be adapted for the screen (after The Longest Day) (1962). It was the second film based on the events of World War II's failed Operation Market Garden, following Theirs Is the Glory (1946). A co-production between the United Kingdom and the United States, the film was shot on location in the Netherlands, in many of the real locations where the historical events took place.
Though it received a tepid critical response, A Bridge Too Far received several awards. At the 31st BAFTA Awards it won four out of eight nominated categories, including Best Supporting Actor for Edward Fox and Best Score for John Addison—who himself had served in the British XXX Corps during Market Garden. Attenborough was nominated for Best Direction, and the film was nominated for Best Motion Picture.
Plot
Operation Market Garden envisages 35,000 men being flown from air bases in England and dropped behind enemy lines in the Netherlands. Two divisions of US paratroopers are responsible for securing the road and bridges as far as Nijmegen. A British division, under Major-General Roy Urquhart, is to land near Arnhem and hold both sides of the bridge there, backed by a brigade of Polish paratroopers under General Stanisław Sosabowski. XXX Armoured Corps are to push up the road over the bridges captured by the American paratroopers and reach Arnhem two days after the drop.
As General Urquhart briefs his officers, some of them are surprised they are going to attempt a landing so far from their objective since the distance from their landing zone to the bridge will render their portable radios useless. Although the consensus is that resistance will consist entirely of inexperienced old men and Hitler Youth, reconnaissance photos show the presence of German tanks at Arnhem. General Browning nevertheless dismisses the photos and also ignores reports from the Dutch underground, believing the operation will be successful regardless.
The Arnhem bridge is the prime target, since it serves as the last means of escape for the German forces in the Netherlands and a direct route to Germany for the Allies. However the road to it is only a single lane linking the various key bridges and vehicles have to squeeze onto the verge to pass. The road is also elevated, causing anything moving along it to stand out.
Though the airborne drops catch the enemy by surprise and encounter little resistance, the Son bridge is demolished by the Germans just before it can be secured. Furthermore, troubles beset Urquhart's division, since many of the jeeps either do not arrive or are destroyed in an ambush, in addition to their nonfunctional radio sets.
Meanwhile, XXX Corps' progress is slowed by German resistance, the narrowness of the road and the need to construct a Bailey bridge to replace the one destroyed at Son. They are then halted at Nijmegen, where soldiers of the 82nd Airborne Division perform a dangerous daylight river crossing to capture the Nijmegen bridge and XXX Corps is further delayed waiting for infantry to secure the town.
The Germans close in on the isolated British paratroopers occupying part of Arnhem at the bridge, and although Sosabowski's troops finally arrive after being delayed in England they are ultimately too late to reinforce the British. After days of intense fighting against SS infantry and panzers the outgunned troops are eventually either captured or forced to withdraw to Oosterbeek. Urquhart receives orders to retreat, while the other Allied commanders blame the various difficulties encountered for their failure to provide the needed support.
Urquhart escapes with less than a fifth of his original 10,000 troops while those who are too badly injured to flee stay behind to cover the withdrawal. On arrival at British headquarters Urquhart confronts Browning about his personal sentiments regarding the operation and the latter contradicts his earlier optimism regarding it.
Back in Oosterbeek Kate ter Horst, whose home has been converted into a makeshift hospital by the British, abandons its ruins. Passing through the front yard, now a graveyard for fallen troops, she and her children leave with an elderly doctor, pulling a few possessions in a cart, while wounded British troops sing "Abide with Me" as they await capture.
Cast and roles
Note: Characters ordered by rank
British
Americans
Other Allies
Germans
Dutch civilians
Production
Air filming was done in the first weeks of September 1976, culminating in a series of air drops of a total of 1,000 men. Supplies were dropped from a number of Dakota aircraft. The Dakotas were gathered by the film company Joseph E. Levine Presents Incorporated. All aircraft were required to be CAA (Civil Aviation Authority) or FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) registered and licensed to carry passengers. An original deal for the purchase of 10 fell through when two airframes were rejected as passenger configured without the necessary jump doors. Eleven Dakotas were procured. Two ex-Portuguese Air Force, 6153 and 6171 (N9984Q and N9983Q), and two from Air Djibouti, operating from Djibouti in French Somaliland, F-OCKU and F-OCKX (N9985Q and N9986Q) were purchased by Joseph E. Levine. Three Danish Air Force K-685, K-687, and K-688, and four Finnish Air Force C-47s, DO-4, DO-7, DO-10 and DO-12, were loaned for the duration of the parachute filming.
Aircraft 6171 doubled as the camera ship on most formations, with a camouflaged Piper Aztec, G-AWDI. A camera was mounted in the astrodome, one on the port upper mainplane surface, with a third camera on the outside of the forward port cabin window and a fourth under the aircraft centre section. In addition, centre escape hatches were removed to make additional camera ports available, provided that no troops were aboard during filming. A second Aztec, G-ASND, was a backup camera ship on some shots, but it was not camouflaged. An Alouette, G-BDWN, was also employed. After a mishap with G-AWDI, two locally hired Cessna 172s, PH-GVP and PH-ADF, were also used. Ten Horsa glider replicas were built, but a windstorm damaged almost all of them. Seven or eight were hastily repaired for the shoot. The replica gliders were tail-heavy and required a support post under the rear fuselage, with camera angles carefully chosen to avoid revealing this. Dakota 6153 was fitted with tow gear and Horsa replicas were towed at high speed, though none went airborne. A two-seat Blaník sailplane, provided by a member of the London Gliding Club, Dunstable, was towed aloft for the interior takeoff shots.
Four Harvards portrayed American and German fighters. Their original identities were PH-KLU, PH-BKT, B-64 and B-118, the former two aircraft loaned by the Royal Netherlands Air Force. These were flown by members of the Gilze Rijen Aero Club, which also provided an Auster III, PH-NGK, which depicted an Auster V, RT607, in wartime camouflage. Spitfire Mk. IX, MH434, depicting a photo reconnaissance variant, coded AC-S, was lent by the Hon. Patrick Lindsay, and was flown by aerobatic champion Neil Williams.
Sufficient American tanks, jeeps, and trucks of World War II vintage were found because many of the vehicles were being discarded from European military (almost entirely reserve) units, especially from Greece and Turkey.
The scenes set around the Arnhem bridge were shot in Deventer, where a similar bridge over the IJssel was still available. Although a replica of the original road bridge in Arnhem existed, by the mid-1970s modern urban development surrounded it, making it impossible to use as a setting for a 1940s city. A few scenes were shot in Zutphen, where the old municipality house and the main church can be seen. Additional scenes were filmed at Twickenham Studios.
The Motion Picture Association of America initially gave the film an R rating for its use of the F-word and depictions of war violence, but United Artists lobbied it to change it to a PG rating so that younger audiences could see the film. Cuts were also made to the film when released in the United Kingdom to avoid an AA rating from the British Board of Film Censors.
Finance
In order to keep costs down, all the star-name actors agreed to participate on a "favoured-nation" basis (i.e. they would all receive the same weekly fee), which in this case was $250,000 per week (the 2012 equivalent of $1,008,250 or £642,000).
Shooting of the American-led assault on the Bridge at Nijmegen was dubbed the "Million-Dollar Hour". Because of heavy traffic, the crew had permission to film on the bridge only between eight and nine o'clock on October 3, 1976. Failure to complete the scene would have necessitated rescheduling at a cost—including Redford's overtime—of at least a million dollars. For this reason, Attenborough insisted that all actors playing corpses keep their eyes closed.
After United Artists agreed to pay $6 million for US and Canada distribution rights, the film was a box office disappointment in North America, but performed well in Europe.
Reception
The film received a favourable, but a tepid response from critics. Critics agreed that the film was impressively staged and historically accurate, although many found it too long and too repetitive. , while it has a score of 63/100 on Metacritic based on reviews from 13 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Vincent Canby of The New York Times said further, "The movie is massive, shapeless, often unexpectedly moving, confusing, sad, vivid and very, very long."
James Caan and Anthony Hopkins were cited by many critics for the excellence of their performances in a film with hundreds of speaking roles and cameos by many of the period's top actors.
Generals Urquhart and Horrocks acted as military advisers to the film, adding to its historical accuracy. However, some reviewers suggested that the film contains historical inaccuracies and needs to be viewed as a 'Hollywood' interpretation of events. Robin Neillands commented, "A countless number of veterans have urged me to ignore most of the story in the film A Bridge Too Far".
Stanley Kauffmann of The New Republic wrote- 'A picture of conventional length on this subject might have scored some conventional ironies. But why did anyone think that a film about a failed WWII operation, without any novelty of information or deepening of history or even differently spectacular action, should run five minutes less than three hours? A Film Too Long'.
Roger Ebert gave the film two out of four, describing it as
Gene Siskel gave the film two-and-a-half out of four and wrote, John Pym of The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote that "by the end of this extravagant film, we have a fair idea of the who-did-what logistics of a costly military operation. The root problem with A Bridge Too Far, however, is that the top-heavy complement of stars never allows for any focus of attention."
Charles Champlin of the Los Angeles Times wrote,
Gary Arnold of The Washington Post called it "an unusually conscientious and impressive war epic" that justified its high budget
A "making-of" documentary included in a special edition DVD of A Bridge Too Far says that, at the time of its release, "the film was shunned by American critics and completely ignored at Oscar time for daring to expose the fatal inadequacies of the Allied campaign".
Accolades
Promotion
To promote the film, scriptwriter William Goldman wrote a book titled Story of A Bridge Too Far as a favour to Joseph E. Levine. It was published in December 1977 and divided into three sections:
"Reflections on Filmmaking in General and A Bridge Too Far". This section features some essays later reprinted in Goldman's Adventures in the Screen Trade.
"A Bridge Too Far: The Story in Pictures" – 150 sequential photographs from the film with Goldman's captions.
"Stars and Heroes" – some of the movie's actors and the men they play tell Goldman their thoughts on the film and the battle.
Notes
References
Sources
[NB: Book has no page numbers]
Ambrose, Stephen E. & Immerman, Richard H., Ike's spies: Eisenhower and the espionage establishment, University Press of Mississippi, 1999.
Further reading
Arthur, Max. Forgotten Voices of the Second World War: A new history of world war two in the words of the men and women who were there, Ebury Press, 2004
External links
1970s action war films
1970s action drama films
1970s American films
1970s British films
1970s English-language films
1970s German-language films
1977 films
1977 independent films
American action war films
American action drama films
American epic films
American independent films
American World War II films
British action drama films
British action war films
British epic films
British independent films
British World War II films
Dutch-language films
Films about armoured warfare
Films about bridges
Films based on non-fiction books
Films directed by Richard Attenborough
Films about the British Army
Films about the United States Army
Films set in 1944
Films set in Belgium
Films set in the Netherlands
Films scored by John Addison
Films shot at Twickenham Film Studios
Films with screenplays by William Goldman
Epic films based on actual events
Historical epic films
Bridge Too Far (film)
War epic films
Western Front of World War II films
World War II films based on actual events
United Artists films |
The 2016–17 FIU Panthers men's basketball team represented Florida International University during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Panthers, led by fourth-year head coach Anthony Evans, played their home games at FIU Arena in Miami, Florida and were members of Conference USA. They finished the season 7–24, 3–15 in C-USA play to finish in 13th place. They failed to qualify for the C-USA tournament.
Previous season
The Panthers finished the 2015–16 season 13–19, 7–11 in C-USA play to finish in a three-way tie for ninth place. They lost in the second round of the C-USA tournament to UTEP.
Offseason
Departures
Incoming transfers
Recruiting class of 2016
Preseason
The Panthers were picked to finish in 11th place in the preseason Conference USA poll.
Roster
Schedule and results
|-
!colspan=9 style=| Non-conference regular season
|-
!colspan=12 style=| Conference USA regular season
References
FIU Panthers men's basketball seasons
Florida International
FIU Panthers men's b
FIU Panthers men's b |
Telephantasm is a compilation album by the American rock band Soundgarden. Featuring songs that span 23 years of the band's career, it was released on September 28, 2010, through A&M Records. The album was certified platinum by RIAA after its first day of retail availability based on the one million discs that were included in packages for the video game Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock.
Overview
The album was released in September 2010 on A&M Records following the band's reunion earlier that year. The career-spanning retrospective album includes an unreleased track, "Black Rain", taken from the Badmotorfinger recording sessions. In late August 2010, "Black Rain" reached No. 44 on the Canadian Hot 100 and No. 96 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. "Black Rain" peaked at No. 14 on the Billboard Rock Songs chart.
Kim Thayil explained the title Telephantasm as "an illusion at a distance, or a ghost from afar. Which I think would be an appropriate reference to what we have here — a retrospective of a band that had been inactive for thirteen years." He added that the album emerged from a project to do a "B-Sides" compilation following the 1997 greatest hits album A-Sides, but the band decided to include some more known songs because "we need to re-establish ourselves with the rock and roll audience out there, the younger audience".
The 1-CD version of the album is featured in the music video game Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock, with "Black Rain" available on the disc, and the remaining eleven tracks available as downloadable content alongside release of the game.
The 2-CD/DVD limited edition package includes a booklet containing a biography of Soundgarden written by Jeff Gilbert, a message from Kim Thayil and content credits.
The 3-LP 12" Vinyl Edition includes all songs along with a one time use download key for all the songs in 320 kbit/s mp3 format taken directly from the vinyl.
The album features artwork by Josh Graham, who handles the visual arts for Neurosis, as well as artwork for other artists.
Track listing
All songs written and composed by Chris Cornell, except where noted.
Single-disc version
Deluxe edition
Disc one
Disc two
DVD
Bonus videos
Personnel
Soundgarden
Chris Cornell – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
Kim Thayil – lead guitar
Ben Shepherd – bass on tracks 3–12 (Single Disc), tracks 9–12 on CD1, and tracks 1–12 on CD2 (Deluxe Edition)
Matt Cameron – drums
Hiro Yamamoto – bass on tracks 1–2 (Single Disc) and tracks 1–7 on CD1 (Deluxe Edition)
Jason Everman – bass on track 8 on CD1 (Deluxe Edition)
Scott Sundquist – drums on track 1 on CD1 (Deluxe Edition)
Charts
Certifications
References
2010 greatest hits albums
Soundgarden compilation albums
A&M Records compilation albums
Interscope Records compilation albums
Albums produced by Chris Cornell
Albums produced by Matt Cameron
Albums produced by Jack Endino
Albums produced by Terry Date
Albums produced by Adam Kasper |
William Dundas (1762–1845) was a Scottish politician.
The son of Robert Dundas, of Arniston, the younger, he became a barrister at Lincoln's Inn in 1788. He was member of parliament (MP) for the Anstruther Burghs from 1794 to 1796, for the Northern Burghs from 1796 to 1802, for Sutherland in 1802 and 1806, for Cullen in 1810 and Edinburgh from 1812 to 1831.
He appointed a Privy Counsellor in 1800 and was Secretary at War from 1804 to 1806. He was a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty in 1812. He was appointed Keeper of the Signet in 1814 and Lord Clerk Register in 1821.
References
External links
1762 births
1845 deaths
Lords of the Admiralty
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for Scottish constituencies
British MPs 1790–1796
British MPs 1796–1800
Scottish Tory MPs (pre-1912)
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Highland constituencies
UK MPs 1801–1802
UK MPs 1802–1806
UK MPs 1806–1807
UK MPs 1807–1812
UK MPs 1812–1818
UK MPs 1818–1820
UK MPs 1820–1826
UK MPs 1826–1830
UK MPs 1830–1831
William Dundas
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Edinburgh constituencies |
```smalltalk
namespace Unosquare.FFME.Platform
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
/// <summary>
/// Represents a proxy for the properties exposed by the gicen type.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">The type that this proxy represents.</typeparam>
internal sealed class ClassProxy<T>
where T : class
{
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ClassProxy{T}"/> class.
/// </summary>
public ClassProxy()
: this((p) => true)
{
// placeholder
}
/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ClassProxy{T}"/> class.</summary>
/// <param name="matchClause">The match clause.</param>
public ClassProxy(Func<PropertyInfo, bool> matchClause)
{
var properties = RetrieveProperties().OrderBy(p => p.Name).ToArray();
var proxies = new Dictionary<string, IPropertyProxy>(properties.Length, StringComparer.Ordinal);
foreach (var property in properties)
{
if (!matchClause(property))
continue;
var proxy = CreatePropertyProxy(property);
proxies[property.Name] = proxy;
}
Properties = proxies;
PropertyNames = Properties.Keys.ToArray();
ReadOnlyPropertyNames = Properties
.Where(kvp => kvp.Value.CanRead && !kvp.Value.CanWrite)
.Select(kvp => kvp.Key).OrderBy(s => s).ToArray();
ReadWritePropertyNames = Properties
.Where(kvp => kvp.Value.CanRead && kvp.Value.CanWrite)
.Select(kvp => kvp.Key).OrderBy(s => s).ToArray();
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the property proxies for this class.
/// </summary>
public IReadOnlyDictionary<string, IPropertyProxy> Properties { get; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets the registered property names.
/// </summary>
public IReadOnlyList<string> PropertyNames { get; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets the read only property names.
/// </summary>
public IReadOnlyList<string> ReadOnlyPropertyNames { get; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets the property names that are both, readable and writable.
/// </summary>
public IReadOnlyList<string> ReadWritePropertyNames { get; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the value of the specified property, with the specified instance.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// The value to set.
/// </value>
/// <param name="instance">The instance.</param>
/// <param name="propertyName">Name of the property.</param>
/// <returns>The value of the property.</returns>
public object this[T instance, string propertyName]
{
get => Properties[propertyName].GetValue(instance);
set => Properties[propertyName].SetValue(instance, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the <see cref="IPropertyProxy"/> for the specified property name.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// The <see cref="IPropertyProxy"/>.
/// </value>
/// <param name="propertyName">Name of the property.</param>
/// <returns>The property proxy.</returns>
public IPropertyProxy this[string propertyName] => Properties[propertyName];
/// <summary>
/// Retrieves the property information for the properties of the specified type.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>A collection of property information objects.</returns>
public static IReadOnlyList<PropertyInfo> RetrieveProperties()
{
var flags = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public;
var declaredOnly = typeof(T).IsInterface;
if (declaredOnly) flags |= BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly;
var result = new List<PropertyInfo>(64);
var propertyInfos = typeof(T).GetProperties(flags).ToArray();
foreach (var propertyInfo in propertyInfos)
result.Add(propertyInfo);
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates an instance of the property proxy without the need to specify type argument explicitly.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="propertyInfo">The property information.</param>
/// <returns>The property proxy containing metadata a nd getter and setter delegates.</returns>
private static IPropertyProxy CreatePropertyProxy(PropertyInfo propertyInfo)
{
var genericType = typeof(PropertyProxy<,>)
.MakeGenericType(propertyInfo.DeclaringType, propertyInfo.PropertyType);
return Activator.CreateInstance(genericType, propertyInfo) as IPropertyProxy;
}
}
}
``` |
The Zürichberg is a wooded hill rising to 679 m (2,228 feet), overlooking Lake Zürich and located immediately to the east of the city of Zürich, Switzerland, between the valleys of the Limmat and the Glatt rivers. Its highest point is about 270 metres above the Limmat and it is part of a chain of hills, such as Käferberg, Adlisberg, Forch and Pfannenstiel, between the Greifensee/Glattal and Lake Zürich.
It is a picturesque location, and the lower western side of the hill is now part of the residential district of Zürich. The Zürich Zoo and FIFA's headquarters are located on the Zürichberg as well. There are grand mansions on the roads up the hill, and it is also the location of restaurants and hotels. The upper part of the hill is mostly woodland and a popular recreational area. Zürich tram route 6, the Rigiblick funicular and the Dolderbahn rack railway all run up to different parts of the hill. The Dolderbahn runs up to the Adlisberg, whilst the Zürichberg Tunnel carries trains of the Zürich S-Bahn underneath the hill.
In 1962, the faculty of science of the University of Zürich proposed to establish the Irchelpark campus on the Strickhofareal. The first stage the construction of the university buildings was begun in 1973, and the campus was inaugurated in 1979. The construction of the second stage lasted from 1978 to 1983. The campus also houses the anthropological museum Anthropologisches Museum, and the cantonal Staatsarchiv Zürich. Built in 1901 as Rigiblick restaurant, the former Gastsaal was re-opened as Theater Rigiblick in 1984.
References
Geography of Zürich
Mountains of the canton of Zürich
Mountains of Switzerland under 1000 metres |
Hastula hamamotoi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Terebridae, the auger snails.
Description
Distribution
References
Terebridae
Gastropods described in 1999 |
"Wish You Were Here" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne from her fourth studio album, Goodbye Lullaby (2011). The song was released on September 9, 2011, by RCA Records as the third and final single from the album. "Wish You Were Here" was written by Lavigne along with the song's producers Max Martin and Shellback. According to Lavigne, the song shows her vulnerable side. Critical reception toward the song was positive, with critics praising it as a highlight on the album.
The accompanying music video for "Wish You Were Here" was directed by Dave Meyers and it premiered on September 9, 2011. Lavigne described the video as different from her previous work. Upon its release on the Internet, it received mixed to positive reviews from music critics who praised Lavigne's portrayal of emotions, and described it as dark. She further added "Wish You Were Here" to the set list of her tour, The Black Star Tour.
Background and release
"Wish You Were Here" is written by Lavigne, Max Martin, and Shellback, while produced by the latter two. It was recorded at Maratone Studios in Stockholm, Sweden. In a telephone interview with The Caprice, Lavigne confirmed that the song would serve as the third and possibly last single from Goodbye Lullaby. During an interview with Artistdirect, Lavigne said that the song showed her vulnerable side.
In an interview with MTV News, she stated that the song is the perfect tune for anyone who's not able to be with the ones they love this holiday season. "I’m excited about 'Wish You Were Here' being the single because it's a ballad and the song kind of represents the album definitely more so than the first single," she told MTV News about the song, which she performed during the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade last week. "That was kind of more my older stuff and more pop rock and aggressive and a lighter subject. Goodbye Lullaby, for me, was a record that I was writing for myself." Lavigne also described her meeting with Martin and the work on "Wish You Were Here":
"He said some really kind things that really meant a lot to me. He worked with so many people and he's an artist, he's very sensitive. We wrote a couple really special songs together. It's kind of hard to work with someone new, and when I went in and did vocals on 'Wish You Were Here', I did my first take, and then Max stood up and was like, 'I'm so honored that you're here.' And it was a really special moment, where he understood me and I understood him. We connected and had a really great time. And it was really magic my first trip there."
Composition
"Wish You Were Here" was described as a midtempo power ballad, while featuring soaring strings, piano and drum kits. The lyrics talk about missing someone and something we all go through in our lives.
In an interview with MTV News, Lavigne described the song as the most personal track on the album. "It was more raw and stripped-down and more emotional and I wasn't holding back," she said of working on the album. "[It's] sort of more song driven and the production was mainly just like a lot of acoustic guitars and loops and just all about the vocal; the vocal being clear and having an honest emotion to it. And saying that, yeah, the first two singles ['What the Hell' and 'Smile'] were more pop rock, and so now finally with this one, 'Wish You Were Here', being released, it feels right."
The song comes from a place deep inside and is very much about someone in Lavigne's life. "I love this song. I like this song because I wrote it about missing somebody and that's something that we all go through at some point in our lives," she explained. "It's just about looking back and remembering all those good times you shared with somebody, all the crazy moments. And that's life. We all experience that at some point, but it has a positive message."
Critical reception
"Wish You Were Here" received largely positive reviews from critics. Jody Rosen, writing for Rolling Stone magazine, described "Wish You Were Here" as a "jangling power ballad". Stephen Thomas Erlewine from Allmusic marked "Wish You Were Here" as a highlight of the album, Goodbye Lullaby. Al Fox, an editor of BBC Music, said that the song is one of the tracks from the album where "Lavigne actually manages to communicate some real sentiment". He also commented that it is "an unassuming strum-along". Bill Lamb of the website About.com found "interesting arrangements and musical settings" in the song. While reviewing Goodbye Lullaby, Robert Copsey of Digital Spy concluded that the main theme of the song was based on the lines "I can be tough, I can be strong/ But with you it's not like that at all" and talked about Lavigne's divorce. He further put the song in his list of "Possible future singles".
On a more negative note, Mikael Wood of Spin magazine wrote that, in songs like "Wish You Were Here" and "Everybody Hurts", the "former brat-punk princess in dreary woe-is-me mode" can be found. According to Jonathan Keefe of Slant Magazine, this song, along with others from Goodbye Lullaby, "mistake having a potty mouth for having an actual personality", stating it "fails to pass off 'Damn, damn, damn / What I'd do to have you here, here, here' as a hook".
Chart performance
Even before being released as a single, the song peaked at number 99 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at number 64 on the Canadian Hot 100 on the week of the album's release. Upon release to radio stations, the song entered the US Billboard Hot 100 Airplay at number 69 on November 13, 2011, has peaked at 32, and re-entered the Canadian Hot 100 on November 19, 2011, at number 98. It re-entered the Billboard Hot 100 at 84 and peaked at 65. The song has sold over 500,000 units of digital copies in the USA. It was never released on radio in the UK, Germany and some other European countries.
Music video
Background and synopsis
On August 9, on her official website, Lavigne posted pictures from the shooting of the music video for "Wish You Were Here", one of a red flower, and another of her lying on a wooden floor. Lavigne said that the video will be very raw and exposed, unlike her previous videos "What the Hell" and "Smile". Dave Meyers was the director of the video. On September 8, Lavigne posted on her Twitter and Facebook accounts "My music video for 'Wish You Were Here' is coming out tomorrow (and the tears are real... no onions!!)" confirming that the video will be posted on September 9. She further described the video, "It's simple but emotional. Raw and real. Stripped down." The video premiered on Lavigne's VEVO channel on September 8. It begins with her lying on a wooden floor wearing a black dress and barefoot, surrounded by leaves. She rises, and begins to sing. Lavigne picks up a red flower and begins picking off the petals. She sets the flower on fire, and waves it in the air. As she continues singing, she starts to cry. Towards the bridge of the song, Lavigne is shown lying in a bathtub. She submerges herself, then suddenly rises, and steps out. Lavigne continues to sing, and steps towards the sunlight from a nearby window.
Reception
A writer for the magazine Billboard simply called the video "dark". Leah Greenblatt of Entertainment Weekly said that Lavigne could have worn waterproof mascara in the video but she concluded that it "wouldn't be quite as cinematic." Writing for AOL, Marina Galperina concluded "Unlike other recent videos 'What the Hell' and 'Smile,' this latest cut from the Goodbye Lullaby album is a bit somber." Melinda Newman of HitFix concluded that Lavigne "looks beautifully anguished, but that's a lot of screen time and focus for any one artist to try to carry off." However, she added that the video doesn't "look as awkward as she did in the horrible video for 'What The Hell.'" Amy Sciarretto of Pop Crush said: "It's a somber video with Avril as the only star, in a sad, dark place. It certainly resonates, though! Even a perky pop star like Avril Lavigne is not immune to sadness that comes with separation."
According to Derek Johnson of Long Island Press was "heating up the Internet" with one million views on YouTube because Lavigne "is showing another side to fans". Writing for Dose, Ottawa Citizen and The Vancouver Sun, Leah Collins gave the video a mixed review saying that Lavigne is "feeling a bit more mall-emo than mall-punk". She added that Lavigne used "pyromania in the opening scenes, torching a gerbera daisy while wanly singing of lost love" before concluding "What's an Avril video without at least one act of age-inappropriate mischief, anyway?". Pop Dust's Katherine St Asaph compared the scene where Lavigne is in the bathtub with the music video for Britney Spears' song "Everytime" but the two scenes have different meanings.
Live performances
Lavigne performed the song on Good Morning America on November 22, 2011.
Track listing
Digital download
"Wish You Were Here" – 3:45
"Wish You Were Here" (Acoustic Version) – 3:45
CD single
"Wish You Were Here" – 3:45
"Wish You Were Here" (Acoustic Version) - 3:45
Digital download (Deluxe Single)
"Wish You Were Here" – 3:45
"Wish You Were Here" (Acoustic Version) – 3:45
"Smile" (Acoustic Version) – 3:33
"Wish You Were Here" (Video)
Fan Edition CD Single
"Wish You Were Here" (Album Version) – 3:45
"Wish You Were Here" (Acoustic Version) – 3:45
"Smile" (Acoustic Version) – 3:34
"What the Hell" (Acoustic Version) – 3:40
Credits and personnel
Backing vocals, Lead vocals - Avril Lavigne
Songwriting – Avril Lavigne, Max Martin, Shellback
Production and recording – Max Martin, Shellback
Engineering – Michael Ilbert
Mixing – Serban Ghenea
Mix engineer – John Hanes
Assistant mix engineer – Tim Roberts
Drums, guitar and bass – Shellback
Keyboards – Max Martin
Credits adapted from Goodbye Lullaby album liner notes.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Release history
References
External links
2010s ballads
2011 singles
2011 songs
Avril Lavigne songs
Epic Records singles
Music videos directed by Dave Meyers (director)
Pop ballads
RCA Records singles
Rock ballads
Song recordings produced by Max Martin
Song recordings produced by Shellback (record producer)
Songs written by Avril Lavigne
Songs written by Max Martin
Songs written by Shellback (record producer)
Sony Music
Torch songs
mk:Goodbye Lullaby#Други искачени песни |
The Great Liakhvi ( Didi Liakhvi, , Styr Lewakhi) is a river in central Georgia, which rises on the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range in the de facto independent region of South Ossetia and flows into the Kura (Mtkvari). It is long, and has a drainage basin of . The cities of Tskhinvali and Gori lie along the banks of the Great Liakhvi. The river is mainly fed by the melting snows and glacier runoff of the Caucasus Mountains as well as by underground water sources. The Liakhvi reaches its highest water volume in the spring and summer while the lowest volume is recorded in the winter, when some segments of the river freeze over.
The Little Liakhvi is a tributary.
References
Rivers of Georgia (country)
Rivers of South Ossetia
Tributaries of the Kura (Caspian Sea) |
The Tactical Robotics Cormorant, formerly AirMule or Mule, Israel Defense Forces (IDF) codename Pereira (shapiyriyt; : Dragonfly), is a flying car unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) built by Tactical Robotics Ltd., a subsidiary of designer Rafi Yoeli's Urban Aeronautics Ltd., in Yavne, Israel. It will be used in search and rescue operations where it is too dangerous or inaccessible for a helicopter, such as evacuating people from the upper stories of burning buildings, or delivering and extracting police and soldiers while very close to structures, narrow streets, or through holes into confined spaces.
Background
After the 2006 Lebanon War, the IDF realized that it needed a special vehicle that could fly unmanned behind enemy lines to rescue its wounded. While a helicopter is the best evacuation vehicle as of 2020, it requires an area clear of trees or electricity columns to land without obstructing the rotor. Chances of it safely leaving a fire-heavy zone are small as it attracts many sorts of weapons fire.
The advantages of a ducted fan propelled unmanned air vehicle are that it could offer the same abilities as helicopters, but with fewer, less serious operating limits.
It could navigate in and out of creeks, city streets, next to big buildings, compact alleyways, and refugee camp warrens, while shielded rotor blades make it tougher than a regular helicopter. Unmanned vehicles can enter situations too risky for manned helicopters. Cormorant could deliver supplies or cargo, evacuate up to two casualties from a battlefield and transfer them to a field deployed hospital for medical treatment. Some missions may need to be conducted up to hundreds of kilometers from forward operating bases (FOB) and medical care facilities with the only medical support available on scene being unit medics or fellow soldiers. War reports have shown that during combat, moving an injured person only a few hundred yards can take an hour or more.
As of 2012 and into 2014, according to NATO STO TR-HFM-184 report, the AirMule remains the only available design that meets NATO and IDF requirement for an unmanned medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) and casualty evacuation (CASEVAC) vehicle.
Urban Aeronautics Ltd., has patented its design as Fancraft.
The Fancraft technologies are supported by 37 registered (granted) patents, and 12 more are in process.
Tactical Robotics Ltd. (TRL), as a subsidiary of Urban Aeronautics Ltd., has an exclusive license for use predominantly in the unmanned military and homeland security markets. TRL has taken the lead in developing the Cormorant. Metro Skyways Ltd. (MSL), as a subsidiary of Urban Aeronautics Ltd., has an exclusive license for use predominantly in the manned civil Air-Taxi and Air-Rescue and MedEvac markets. MSL has taken the lead in developing the X-Hawk.
On May 29, 2018, the Cormorant completed its first live demonstration.
Development
In 2004, the X-Hawk LE concept was published by Urban Aeronautics.
In June 2008, a scaled-down technology demonstrator Panda flew for the first time. It was built to demonstrate its new flight control system and to attract partners.
Elbit Systems, Israel Aerospace Industries and Urban Aeronautics joined in the X-Hawk project headed by the non-profit Aerospace Medicine Research Center (Fisher institute for air and space strategic studies).
The initial idea for the UAV were civilian in nature, but after the publication of plans to equip the US marines with UAVs able to transport humans, it was decided to concentrate on military uses. In 2008, Urban Aeronautics released its initial concept art. On January 7, 2009, a cargo variant that can fly at speeds of began wind tunnel testing. In 2009, the Mule model was shown at the Israeli pavilion at the 48th Paris Air Show. Its maiden flight was scheduled for April 2009, but was postponed. In June 2009, the UAV was shipped to a flight-testing facility located in central Israel where its Turbomeca Arriel 1D1 engine performed a series of ground tests for hover testing.
Phase 1: hover control system
Around January 12, 2010, the renamed AirMule had its (tethered) maiden flight, reaching an altitude of only 2 feet. In 30 tethered tests of 1 min duration, it completed the first phase of testing and it demonstrated the fly-by-wire control system’s ability to stabilize the vehicle in all three axes using inertial measurements augmented by Global Positioning System (GPS) and two laser altimeters. The next phase of flight testing planned for March was moved back. On April 21, 2010, it achieved sustained tethered automatic hovering flight at an altitude of up to 9.8 ft (3m), which paved the way for the first untethered flight later that year. After 40 test hovers and 10 hours of flight time, the AirMule underwent systems upgrades. By October 5, 2010, the AirMule's skid were replaced by a wheeled landing gear to facilitate ground manoeuvring and to enable short take-off (STOL) and vertical landing operations (VTOL). First considerations were given to countermeasures.
Phase 2: free hover and low-speed flight manoeuvres
Flight testing resumed until January 2011, when the AirMule underwent system and structural upgrades which were completed by May 9, 2011. It was fitted with an expanded suite of sensors, and a new energy-absorbing wheeled landing gear. The aerodynamics of the lower fuselage was improved for better control responses in gusty wind conditions. On June 30, 2011, it was revealed that a variant the AirMule will be equipped with a remotely operated robotic arm to undertake tasks that pose a danger to humans. This was in response to requests by operators of power line maintenance, and by agencies responsible for the safety of nuclear reactors. By August 2011, the AirMule had accumulated about 40 flying hours. The Defense Ministry is financing half the operational technologies. In September 2011, the IDF had identified an operational requirement for an unmanned VTOL platform to be used to perform resupply and medical evacuation tasks from the front line. The IDF began to allocate a budget for the requirement in the long term acquisition plan. The defence ministry will participate in the funding. Around October 31, 2011, building of a second AirMule prototype began. It will receive a double redundant hydraulic system and stealth technology features.
Phase 3: full flight envelope testing
On April 23, 2012, it was revealed that a Controp D-Stamp stabilized electro-optical airborne sensor was installed on the first prototype.
On January 21, 2013, it was revealed that the first prototype will receive new propeller blades for the new six-bladed rotors. These will replace the four-bladed rotors that have been used since the start of 2010. The change will increase payload capacity by about . The blades comply with the loads specified for the US Federal Aviation Administration's FAR 35 standard for propellers. The first test flight was scheduled for mid-February.
On February 26, 2013, plans for a high-speed AirMule version was revealed to be the formerly tested cargo variant. It will be used for tactical resupply missions.
On February 25, 2014, it was announced that Green Hills Software real-time operating system (RTOS) had been chosen by Urban Aeronautics.
Design
The design, Fancraft, was inspired by the Piasecki VZ-8 Airgeep's revolutionary design with two tandem ducted fans. However, the similarities end there. Forward thrust is provided mainly by two ducted fan thrusters located at the sides of the aft section. The lift fan and thrusters are powered by a single turboshaft turbine through three proprietary gearboxes and shafts. The early prototype was powered by a Turbomeca Arriel 1D1 which was later replaced a Turbomeca Arriel 2. Originally the prototype lift fans had four-blade rotors, but the final fans have six-blade rotors which are staggered for a speed variant.
The fuselage is constructed from carbon (fiber)-composite.
Two 770 liters air-conditioned cells on its sides are designed to receive stretchers and casualties. The cells will also have devices for transfusions during flight. Initial interior cabin noise was measured in hover at 95 decibels without any incorporated acoustic treatment or liners.
An additional 1,100 liters are available in an optional belly mounted compartment. The fuselage forms an airfoil and generates over 50% of lift at high speed (US Patent # 7,806,362B2). An aerodynamic bulge between the ducted fans keeps the airflow attached to it via Coandă effect and Bernoulli's principle, hence generating lift, while diverting the airflow into the aft fan for increased thrust.
For military uses, the Cormorant can be equipped with flare and chaff countermeasures. Since the second prototype, the Cormorant has improved stealth. The fuselage structure and design of the engine’s exhaust pipe reduce its noise, heat, and radar signatures, including an appropriate flight profile. Early tests without stealth measured 87 decibels during hover at a distance of 125 feet. The Trophy system was considered for inclusion.
Flight stability, forward speed, and safety
For increasing or decreasing overall lift, the angle of attack for all blades is collectively altered by equal amounts at the same time resulting in ascents, or descents.
The Fancraft technology on the Cormorant employs a Vane Control System (VCS), US Patents #6,464,166 and 6,817,570, consisting of 200 vanes at the inlet and outlet ducts that can be deflected simultaneously (top and bottom) or differentially to generate side force or a rolling movement. Front and rear ducts are deflected differentially for yaw. The VCS generates six degrees of freedom independent of one another. The VCS is powered by a dual redundant hydraulic system which will allow for uninterrupted rotor pitch control in the event of a failure to one of the pressure supply lines. The VCS is engaged in excess of 100 per second. The early VCS was generating more than 2.0 radians/sec² of roll acceleration for roll and yaw control. It was planned to double roll acceleration with planned improvements, enabling precise hovering in gusty wind conditions with wind speeds of up to 50 kn (92.5 km/h).
A set of louvers at the front of the forward duct and rear of the aft duct that open during forward flight to allow the incoming flow to move through the duct and thereby greatly reduce drag to enable forward speeds of 100–120 knots in contrast to a top speed of typically 40 knots in a conventional ducted-fan design (US Patent # 7,806,362B2).
Due to the absence of a rotor, hence autorotation, Fancraft will be equipped with a ballistically deployed parachute to be used in cases of catastrophic engine failure.
Sensors and radars
The AirMule is equipped with GPS for translational position and velocity readings, two laser altimeters to indicate the vehicle’s height above ground which will be augmented by a doppler radar altimeter for dusty conditions.
A Controp D-Stamp stabilized electro-optical sensor, provided as part of the auto-land system, will enable the aircraft to guide itself to land over any high contrast marker (flare, flag, a red cloth) in a combat zone. If a landing site cannot be highlighted by placing a physical marker, a laser spot from an airborne designator can be used.
Avionics
The flight-control system is a four-channel redundant fly-by-wire system that relies almost entirely on inertial navigation system measurements augmented by GPS signals.
The Cormorant uses the Integrity real-time operating system (RTOS) and Multi integrated development environment (IDE) for custom programming.
Ground control, telemetry and navigation
Sensors and other subsystems use three datalinks providing 460 channels of real-time telemetry.
The retrieved and transferred data will be stored at a ground control unit (GCU), which will be equipped with an air data computer for displaying its position. The GCU will monitor telemetry data supplied by the UAV using uplink and downlink communication devices. Pilots will use a fly-by-wire flight control system, and an automatic stabilization feature to help control the aircraft and maintain level flight. The Cormorant can land safely despite communication errors in the GCS.
Certification
Certification by the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has been a prime consideration in every aspect of Fancraft. They are being designed to comply with the FAA's FAR Part 27 and Part 29 (depending on weight) certification standards, and with the special Powered Lift certification standard that applies to tiltrotor aircraft.
Scenario
One Cormorant can ferry of useful cargo per each radius sortie, thereby delivering about over 24 hours. A 10–12 Cormorant Mobile Supply Unit can deliver supplies, day after day, to sustain 3,000 combatants, while at the same time ferrying back their wounded and casualties.
Equipped with remotely controlled manipulator arms it can be used for inspections, maintenance operations or repairs, flying above dangerous zones such as nuclear reactors and areas contaminated by chemical plant leaks. Examples could include replacing damaged insulators on power lines, pumping heavy water into pools covering uranium rods inside damaged nuclear reactors, fixing leaking pipes or repairing areas under bridges or marine structures that have suffered corrosion damage, and agricultural spraying.
Variants
High-speed Cormorant for tactical supply mission, staggered-rotors, 250 kn, fuselage design with spoiler to increase use of airflow for more thrust. The variant will be powered by a class turbine engine, and is 20% larger and 50% heavier than a standard Cormorant.
Partners
Urban Aeronautics is in contact with the United States Army and the militaries of other nations, including India and Italy, for possible sale of the Cormorant.
Elbit Systems
SkySaver
Israel Aerospace Industries
Bell Textron
Specifications
Payload: in a typical 1 h mission for a range of (20 minutes reserve)250 kg for up to 5 h
See also
Urban Aeronautics X-Hawk, a two-engine model intended to transport five to eight passengers
Urban Aeronautics Centaur, designed to carry three to five passengers with no pilot
Aerial Reconfigurable Embedded System
Similar cargo role
Northrop Grumman MQ-8 Fire Scout
Boeing A160 Hummingbird
Kaman K-MAX
References
External links
, Tactical Robotics Ltd.
, Urban Aeronautics Ltd.
Rescue
Unmanned aerial vehicles of Israel
Lift fan |
The Middletown Nature Gardens is located off Randolph Road in Middletown, Connecticut. In 1995, the city of Middletown, CT purchased the of land and dedicated it open space. This piece of land serves as a natural habitat to many plants and animals. There are many trails to walk about surrounded by an array of diverse trees and shrubs. Some of the types of trees and shrubs include red cedar, flowering dogwood, highbush blueberries, white pine, and speckled alder. The main trail is a loop. Mulched side trails, which branch off the main trail, add another to walk. Community volunteers maintain the park. They have erected many bluebird boxes and bat houses to house some of the natural wildlife of the park. There are also vernal pools, which are habitats for salamanders and wood frogs in the southeast corner of the park. There is even a 200-year-old sugar maple, which is called the “bee tree,” in which a large colony of bees has made it their home.
References
Middletown, Connecticut
Protected areas of Middlesex County, Connecticut
Nature reserves in Connecticut |
Claremont High School is a co-educational, secondary school and sixth form located in Kenton, in the London Borough of Brent, United Kingdom. The headteacher is Ms Nicola Hyde-Boughey. The school has been an academy since 1 April 2011.
School roll
For the school year 2022/23 there were 1,700 pupils on the roll.
History
The school was founded in 1930 by the Middlesex County Council, and was one of a number of new schools built by the council between the wars in the rapidly developing outer suburbs of London. Claremont is now a multi-specialist school. In 2001, it was designated a specialist school in performing arts. In 2006, it was designated as having a second specialism in maths and computing. In 2012, the school gained academy status, joining many other local schools. In 2017 Claremont became part of a multi-academy trust called Chrysalis Multi-Academy Trust, or CMAT.
Alumni
Former Nottingham Forest and England player Stuart Pearce attended Claremont High School in the 1970s.
References
External links
Claremont High School
Academies in the London Borough of Brent
Kenton, London
Secondary schools in the London Borough of Brent
Training schools in England
Educational institutions established in 1930
1930 establishments in England |
Virginia's 33rd Senate district is one of 40 districts in the Senate of Virginia. It has been represented by Democrat Jennifer Boysko since a 2019 special election to replace fellow Democrat Jennifer Wexton, who had been elected to Congress.
Geography
District 33 is split between Loudoun and Fairfax Counties in the suburbs of Washington D.C., including some or all of Leesburg, Cascades, Ashburn, Sterling, Brambleton, McNair, and Herndon. Washington Dulles International Airport is also within the district lines.
The district overlaps with Virginia's 10th and 11th congressional districts, and with the 10th, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 36th, 67th, 86th, and 87th districts of the Virginia House of Delegates. It borders the state of Maryland.
Recent election results
2019
2019 special
2015
2014 special
2011
Federal and statewide results in District 33
Historical results
All election results below took place prior to 2011 redistricting, and thus were under different district lines.
2007
2006 special
2003
1999
1998 special
1995
List of members
References
Virginia Senate districts
Government in Fairfax County, Virginia
Government in Loudoun County, Virginia |
This is the progression of world record improvements of the 3000 metres W80 division of Masters athletics. Records must be set in properly conducted, official competitions under the standing IAAF rules unless modified by World Masters Athletics.
The W80 division consists of female athletes who have reached the age of 80 but have not yet reached the age of 85, so exactly from their 80th birthday to the day before their 85th birthday.
Key
References
Masters Athletics 3000 m list
Masters athletics world record progressions |
Achime () is a South Korean indie rock band. The band currently consists of Kwon Seonwook, Kim Sooyeol, Lee Sangkyu, Kim Kyeongjoo and Kim Jeongmin. Since their formation in 2008, the band has released two studio albums Hunch (2010) and Overcome (2012).
Career
Achime was formed in 2008, Kwon Seonwook offered a band to Kim Sooyeol to do music after his discharge, and Jeong Wookjae and Park Seonyoung later joined the band. They began to gain popularity through auditions in MySpace Korea. They released their EP Flower of Lie (거짓말꽃) in 2009.
In 2010, they released their first studio album Hunch. The album was recorded for two and a half months, and they recorded in a recording studio under construction. Kwon Seonwook interviewed in the situation, "We weren't in proper condition while recording." They have appeared in The EBS space and performed at the Pentaport Rock Festival and Jisan Valley Rock Festival.
They released EP Hyperactivity in 2011 and had a solo concert in May. They released their second studio album Overcome in 2012. Kim Banya of IZM described the album as "The album maintains its "pessimistic," but refuses to express it in one pattern, and it does not like it being defined as a single genre, so it combines various attempts." In 2013, they released the single Swtsxtn, but their sensational image album cover became controversial. They had on hiatus until 2017. They released the single Hide and Seek (숨바꼭질) in 2017 and the single Moratorium in 2019.
Discography
Studio albums
Hunch (2010)
Overcome (2012)
EPs
Flower of Lie (거짓말꽃) (2009)
Hyperactivity (2011)
References
South Korean indie rock groups
South Korean alternative rock groups
Musical groups established in 2008
2008 establishments in South Korea |
Fernando Campero Paz (born 20 March 1953) is a Bolivian economist and politician who served as substitute senator for Tarija from 2015 to 2020. He previously served as general manager of the Central Bank of Bolivia and the Bolivian Stock Exchange during the administration of Jaime Paz Zamora.
Born into the prominent Paz family of Tarija, Campero was raised in a highly politicized environment, closely connected to the happenings in the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement, the party of his uncle, Víctor Paz Estenssoro. Sympathetic to leftist currents, Campero split from his family's party in favor of the Revolutionary Left Movement, serving in the Paz Zamora administration as general manager of the country's Central Bank and Stock Exchange.
Following a long political retirement, Campero returned to the electoral scene in 2009, seeking a seat in the Chamber of Deputies on behalf of the National Unity Front. Though unsuccessful in that endeavor, he remained active within the party's ranks, serving as its regional leader in Tarija. He saw more electoral success in the next cycle, winning a seat as a substitute senator in 2014.
Early life and career
Early life and education
Fernando Campero was born on 20 March 1953 in Tarija, the youngest of four siblings born to Raúl Campero Trigo, a Chaco War veteran, and Alina Paz Estenssoro, daughter of Tarija Senator Domingo Paz Rojas. Campero was raised in a deeply political family, entrenched within the party structure of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR)—the dominant political force at the time of his birth. His father was head of the party in Tarija, while on his mother's side, Campero was the nephew of Víctor Paz Estenssoro, the MNR's historic leader and founder, then serving his first of four eventual terms as president of the republic.
Campero and his siblings spent their early childhoods in Barcelona, where their father had been designated consul. He studied political economics in Chile during the family's exile there, and upon his return, attended the Bolivian Catholic University, during which time he played an active role in the anti-authoritarian student movement, in force during the country's democratic transition.
Political shift and banking career
For many of the MNR's older members—termed movimientistas—the retirement of Paz Estenssoro at the end of his fourth term in 1989 after almost half a century at the helm of the party was a turning point. In the ensuing leadership contest, many in the Campero family backed Guillermo Bedregal, who lost in his bid to liberal mining magnate Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada. Though some—like Campero's brother, Javier—accepted the new leadership and continued prosperous political careers within the MNR, Fernando balked at the idea: "...it seem[ed] outrageous to me that the richest man in Bolivia could be head of the party that carried out the National Revolution."
Distanced from the MNR, Campero joined the Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR), led by Jaime Paz Zamora—himself a distant maternal relative with added familial links to the Camperos. Following Paz Zamora's election to the presidency, Campero was brought on to the administration as general manager of the Bolivian Stock Exchange as well as manager of economic studies and general manager of the Central Bank of Bolivia. Fernando joined a number of other family members in working for the MIR government, including his brother, Gonzalo—president of Lloyd Aéreo Boliviano (1989–1992) and ambassador to France (1992–1993)—and cousin, Fernando Campero Prudencio—minister of exports (1992–1993).
Chamber of Senators
Election
Following his tenure in the Paz Zamora administration, Campero stepped back from active political life. He made his return in 2009 at the call of businessman Samuel Doria Medina, who invited him to join the National Unity Front (UN), a party born of a fraction of the now-extinct MIR. Campero was nominated to contest Tarija's circumscription 45 (Cercado), his first candidacy since 1989, when the MIR ran him for a seat in the Chamber of Deputies.
Though relegated to a distant third place in 2009, Campero remained active within UN, eventually rising to become the party's regional leader in Tarija. In 2014, UN ratified its support for its leading cadres—even in cases where they had previously lost races—placing them in prominent positions on the party's electoral lists. Campero was nominated to accompany Mirtha Arce as a candidate for Senate; the pair won the seat.
Tenure
Campero's tenure in the Senate was characteristic of many substitute legislators, focused primarily on regional matters, whereas their primary counterparts spent most of their time legislating from the capital. As head of UN in Tarija, Campero spent much of early 2015 working to construct a unified opposition bloc to contest that year's general elections. The effort was only partially successful, with UN reaching agreements with , who won the governorship, while Tarija Mayor Oscar Montes ran his own campaign in the municipalities, conserving the capital mayoralty. In any case, Oliva soon distanced himself from UN, and the party lost much of its influence on the governor's cabinet.
Absent from the 2019 and 2020 elections as a product of UN's withdrawal from both contests, Campero concluded his term in parliament and retired to Tarija, where he played a minor role in restructuring UN's regional alliances, this time backing Montes's gubernatorial aspirations over Oliva's reelection bid. This time, the pact held firm far longer into the new governor's term.
Commission assignments
Constitution, Human Rights, Legislation, and Electoral System Commission
Electoral System, Human Rights, and Social Equity Committee (–)
Plural Justice, Prosecutor's Office, and Legal Defense of the State Commission
Prosecutor's Office and Legal Defense of the State Committee (–)
Territorial Organization of the State and Autonomies Commission (–, –)
Electoral history
Publications
References
Notes
Footnotes
Bibliography
Alt URL
External links
Parliamentary profile Office of the Vice President .
Parliamentary profile Chamber of Senators . Archived from the original on 16 November 2019.
Interview with Jesús Cantín on El País .
1953 births
Living people
20th-century Bolivian politicians
21st-century Bolivian politicians
Bolivian bankers
Bolivian Catholic University San Pablo alumni
Bolivian economists
Bolivian exiles
Bolivian expatriates in Chile
Bolivian people of Argentine descent
Bolivian people of Basque descent
Bolivian senators from Tarija
Bolivian student activists
National Unity Front politicians
Paz family
Paz Zamora administration personnel
People from Tarija
Revolutionary Left Movement (Bolivia) politicians |
References
Cambridgreshire
King G
Lists of buildings and structures in Cambridgeshire |
Petra Bagust is a New Zealand television presenter, radio host, podcaster and media chaplain, perhaps best known for her role as co-presenter of TVNZ's morning show Breakfast.
Career
Bagust grew up in Christchurch and attended University of Canterbury, where she completed a Bachelor of Fine Arts in 1995. She began her television career at local TV station Cry TV. She later co-hosted youth TV series Ice TV, its sequel Ice As, and later a wide range of programming include travel shows, real estate shows, and game shows. She was also a regular host of the annual event Coca-Cola Christmas in the Park and St Paul's GLOW Carols by Glowstick.
In 2008, 2009 and 2010 she hosted New Zealand program What's Really In Our Food?, broadcast on TV3. At the same time, she hosted a weekly radio programme with Pat Brittenden on Newstalk ZB.
She changed networks in 2011 to present TVNZ's Breakfast alongside Corin Dann. In October 2012 she announced her departure from the show and was replaced the following year by Toni Street.
In March 2022, Bagust launched a Rova podcast called Grey Areas, featuring her speaking with guests including Jackie Brown, Wendyl Nissan, Karen Walker, Robert Rakete, Miriama Kamo and Robyn Malcolm, about growing older in New Zealand. It soon became the top podcast in New Zealand and stayed in the top ten Apple Podcasts for eight weeks. Season two was launched in September 2022.
In February 2023, Bagust launched a weekly two hour radio show that she hosts on Today FM called Sunday Sanctuary.
Bagust is also a media chaplain with the Christian Broadcasting Association.
Awards
Bagust was nominated for her work on What's Really In Our Food? in the Qantas Film and Television Awards three years running, 2008, 2009 and 2010.
Her Grey Areas podcast won Best Entertainment Podcast – Seasonal at the 2023 New Zealand Radio Awards.
Personal life
Bagust married freelance cameraman Hamish Wilson in 2000; the couple have three children. Bagust's departure from morning television was explained as wanting to spend more time with her family.
She is a Christian.
See also
List of New Zealand television personalities
References
1972 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
New Zealand television presenters
New Zealand women television presenters
University of Canterbury alumni
Mass media people from Christchurch
Living people |
```java
/*
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package org.apache.beam.runners.spark.structuredstreaming.translation;
import static org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.PipelineVisitor.CompositeBehavior.DO_NOT_ENTER_TRANSFORM;
import static org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.PipelineVisitor.CompositeBehavior.ENTER_TRANSFORM;
import static org.apache.beam.sdk.util.Preconditions.checkStateNotNull;
import static org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollection.IsBounded.UNBOUNDED;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import org.apache.beam.runners.core.construction.SerializablePipelineOptions;
import org.apache.beam.runners.spark.SparkCommonPipelineOptions;
import org.apache.beam.runners.spark.structuredstreaming.translation.batch.functions.SideInputValues;
import org.apache.beam.runners.spark.structuredstreaming.translation.helpers.EncoderProvider;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.PipelineVisitor;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.annotations.Internal;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.coders.Coder;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.StreamingOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.AppliedPTransform;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy.Node;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.PTransform;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.View;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.WindowedValue;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.construction.PTransformTranslation;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollection;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PInput;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.POutput;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PValue;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.TupleTag;
import org.apache.spark.broadcast.Broadcast;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Encoder;
import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession;
import org.apache.spark.storage.StorageLevel;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.MonotonicNonNull;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import scala.reflect.ClassTag;
/**
* The pipeline translator translates a Beam {@link Pipeline} into a Spark correspondence, that can
* then be evaluated.
*
* <p>The translation involves traversing the hierarchy of a pipeline multiple times:
*
* <ol>
* <li>Detect if {@link StreamingOptions#setStreaming streaming} mode is required.
* <li>Identify datasets that are repeatedly used as input and should be cached.
* <li>And finally, translate each primitive or composite {@link PTransform} that is {@link
* #getTransformTranslator known} and {@link TransformTranslator#canTranslate supported} into
* its Spark correspondence. If a composite is not supported, it will be expanded further into
* its parts and translated then.
* </ol>
*/
@Internal
public abstract class PipelineTranslator {
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PipelineTranslator.class);
// Threshold to limit query plan complexity to avoid unnecessary planning overhead. Currently this
// is fairly low, Catalyst won't be able to optimize beyond ParDos anyways. Until there's
// dedicated support for schema transforms, there's little value of allowing more complex plans at
// this point.
private static final int PLAN_COMPLEXITY_THRESHOLD = 6;
public static void replaceTransforms(Pipeline pipeline, StreamingOptions options) {
pipeline.replaceAll(SparkTransformOverrides.getDefaultOverrides(options.isStreaming()));
}
/**
* Analyse the pipeline to determine if we have to switch to streaming mode for the pipeline
* translation and update {@link StreamingOptions} accordingly.
*/
public static void detectStreamingMode(Pipeline pipeline, StreamingOptions options) {
StreamingModeDetector detector = new StreamingModeDetector(options.isStreaming());
pipeline.traverseTopologically(detector);
options.setStreaming(detector.streaming);
}
/** Returns a {@link TransformTranslator} for the given {@link PTransform} if known. */
protected abstract @Nullable <
InT extends PInput, OutT extends POutput, TransformT extends PTransform<InT, OutT>>
TransformTranslator<InT, OutT, TransformT> getTransformTranslator(TransformT transform);
/**
* Translates a Beam pipeline into its Spark correspondence using the Spark SQL / Dataset API.
*
* <p>Note, in some cases this involves the early evaluation of some parts of the pipeline. For
* example, in order to use a side-input {@link org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollectionView
* PCollectionView} in a translation the corresponding Spark {@link
* org.apache.beam.runners.spark.translation.Dataset Dataset} might have to be collected and
* broadcasted to be able to continue with the translation.
*
* @return The result of the translation is an {@link EvaluationContext} that can trigger the
* evaluation of the Spark pipeline.
*/
public EvaluationContext translate(
Pipeline pipeline, SparkSession session, SparkCommonPipelineOptions options) {
LOG.debug("starting translation of the pipeline using {}", getClass().getName());
DependencyVisitor dependencies = new DependencyVisitor();
pipeline.traverseTopologically(dependencies);
TranslatingVisitor translator = new TranslatingVisitor(session, options, dependencies.results);
pipeline.traverseTopologically(translator);
return new EvaluationContext(translator.leaves, session);
}
/**
* The correspondence of a {@link PCollection} as result of translating a {@link PTransform}
* including additional metadata (such as name and dependents).
*/
private static final class TranslationResult<IntT, T>
implements EvaluationContext.NamedDataset<T> {
private final String name;
private final float complexityFactor;
private float planComplexity = 0;
private @MonotonicNonNull Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> dataset = null;
private @MonotonicNonNull Broadcast<SideInputValues<T>> sideInputBroadcast = null;
private @Nullable UnresolvedTranslation<IntT, T> unresolved = null;
// dependent downstream transforms (if empty this is a leaf)
private final Set<PTransform<?, ?>> dependentTransforms = new HashSet<>();
// upstream dependencies (required inputs)
private final List<TranslationResult<?, ?>> dependencies;
private TranslationResult(
PCollection<?> pCol, float complexityFactor, List<TranslationResult<?, ?>> dependencies) {
this.name = pCol.getName();
this.complexityFactor = complexityFactor;
this.dependencies = dependencies;
}
@Override
public String name() {
return name;
}
@Override
public @Nullable Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> dataset() {
return dataset;
}
private boolean isLeaf() {
return dependentTransforms.isEmpty();
}
private int usages() {
return dependentTransforms.size();
}
private void resetPlanComplexity() {
planComplexity = 1;
}
/** Estimate complexity of query plan by multiplying complexities of all dependencies. */
private float estimatePlanComplexity() {
if (planComplexity > 0) {
return planComplexity;
}
float complexity = 1 + complexityFactor;
for (TranslationResult<?, ?> result : dependencies) {
complexity *= result.estimatePlanComplexity();
}
return (planComplexity = complexity);
}
}
/**
* Unresolved translation, allowing to optimize the generated Spark DAG.
*
* <p>An unresolved translation can - in certain cases - be fused together with following
* transforms. Currently this is only the case for ParDos with linear linage.
*/
public interface UnresolvedTranslation<InT, T> {
PCollection<InT> getInput();
<T2> UnresolvedTranslation<InT, T2> fuse(UnresolvedTranslation<T, T2> next);
Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> resolve(
Supplier<PipelineOptions> options, Dataset<WindowedValue<InT>> input);
}
/** Shared, mutable state during the translation of a pipeline and omitted afterwards. */
public interface TranslationState extends EncoderProvider {
<T> Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> getDataset(PCollection<T> pCollection);
boolean isLeaf(PCollection<?> pCollection);
<InT, OutT> void putUnresolved(
PCollection<OutT> out, UnresolvedTranslation<InT, OutT> unresolved);
<T> void putDataset(
PCollection<T> pCollection, Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> dataset, boolean cache);
default <T> void putDataset(PCollection<T> pCollection, Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> dataset) {
putDataset(pCollection, dataset, true);
}
<T> Broadcast<SideInputValues<T>> getSideInputBroadcast(
PCollection<T> pCollection, SideInputValues.Loader<T> loader);
Supplier<PipelineOptions> getOptionsSupplier();
PipelineOptions getOptions();
SparkSession getSparkSession();
}
/**
* {@link PTransformVisitor} that translates supported {@link PTransform PTransforms} into their
* Spark correspondence.
*
* <p>Note, in some cases this involves the early evaluation of some parts of the pipeline. For
* example, in order to use a side-input {@link org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollectionView
* PCollectionView} in a translation the corresponding Spark {@link
* org.apache.beam.runners.spark.translation.Dataset Dataset} might have to be collected and
* broadcasted.
*/
private class TranslatingVisitor extends PTransformVisitor implements TranslationState {
private final Map<PCollection<?>, TranslationResult<?, ?>> translationResults;
private final Map<Coder<?>, Encoder<?>> encoders;
private final SparkSession sparkSession;
private final PipelineOptions options;
private final Supplier<PipelineOptions> optionsSupplier;
private final StorageLevel storageLevel;
private final Set<TranslationResult<?, ?>> leaves;
public TranslatingVisitor(
SparkSession sparkSession,
SparkCommonPipelineOptions options,
Map<PCollection<?>, TranslationResult<?, ?>> translationResults) {
this.sparkSession = sparkSession;
this.translationResults = translationResults;
this.options = options;
this.optionsSupplier = new BroadcastOptions(sparkSession, options);
this.storageLevel = StorageLevel.fromString(options.getStorageLevel());
this.encoders = new HashMap<>();
this.leaves = new HashSet<>();
}
@Override
<InT extends PInput, OutT extends POutput> void visit(
Node node,
PTransform<InT, OutT> transform,
TransformTranslator<InT, OutT, PTransform<InT, OutT>> translator) {
AppliedPTransform<InT, OutT, PTransform<InT, OutT>> appliedTransform =
(AppliedPTransform) node.toAppliedPTransform(getPipeline());
try {
LOG.info(
"Translating {}: {}",
node.isCompositeNode() ? "composite" : "primitive",
node.getFullName());
translator.translate(transform, appliedTransform, this);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
@Override
public <T> Encoder<T> encoderOf(Coder<T> coder, Factory<T> factory) {
// computeIfAbsent fails with Java 11 on recursive factory
Encoder<T> enc = (Encoder<T>) encoders.get(coder);
if (enc == null) {
enc = factory.apply(coder);
encoders.put(coder, enc);
}
return enc;
}
private <IntT, T> TranslationResult<IntT, T> getResult(PCollection<T> pCollection) {
return (TranslationResult<IntT, T>) checkStateNotNull(translationResults.get(pCollection));
}
@Override
public <T> Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> getDataset(PCollection<T> pCollection) {
return getOrResolve(getResult(pCollection));
}
@Override
public <T> void putDataset(
PCollection<T> pCollection, Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> dataset, boolean cache) {
TranslationResult<?, T> result = getResult(pCollection);
result.dataset = dataset;
if (cache && result.usages() > 1) {
LOG.info("Dataset {} will be cached for reuse.", result.name);
dataset.persist(storageLevel); // use NONE to disable
}
if (result.estimatePlanComplexity() > PLAN_COMPLEXITY_THRESHOLD) {
// Break linage of dataset to limit planning overhead for complex query plans.
LOG.info("Breaking linage of dataset {} to limit complexity of query plan.", result.name);
result.dataset = sparkSession.createDataset(dataset.rdd(), dataset.encoder());
result.resetPlanComplexity();
}
if (result.isLeaf()) {
leaves.add(result);
}
}
private <InT, T> Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> getOrResolve(TranslationResult<InT, T> result) {
UnresolvedTranslation<InT, T> unresolved = result.unresolved;
if (unresolved != null) {
result.dataset = unresolved.resolve(optionsSupplier, getDataset(unresolved.getInput()));
result.unresolved = null;
}
return checkStateNotNull(result.dataset);
}
@Override
public <InT, T> void putUnresolved(
PCollection<T> out, UnresolvedTranslation<InT, T> unresolved) {
// For simplicity, pretend InT is the same
TranslationResult<InT, InT> translIn = getResult(unresolved.getInput());
TranslationResult<InT, T> translOut = getResult(out);
// Fuse with previous unresolved translation if necessary
UnresolvedTranslation<InT, InT> unresolvedIn = translIn.unresolved;
translOut.unresolved = unresolvedIn != null ? unresolvedIn.fuse(unresolved) : unresolved;
translIn.unresolved = null;
// Resolve dataset immediately in case of leaf or when there are multiple downstreams
if (translOut.usages() != 1) {
putDataset(out, getOrResolve(translOut));
}
}
@Override
public boolean isLeaf(PCollection<?> pCollection) {
return getResult(pCollection).isLeaf();
}
@Override
public <T> Broadcast<SideInputValues<T>> getSideInputBroadcast(
PCollection<T> pCollection, SideInputValues.Loader<T> loader) {
TranslationResult<?, T> result = getResult(pCollection);
if (result.sideInputBroadcast == null) {
SideInputValues<T> sideInputValues = loader.apply(getOrResolve(result));
result.sideInputBroadcast = broadcast(sparkSession, sideInputValues);
}
return result.sideInputBroadcast;
}
@Override
public Supplier<PipelineOptions> getOptionsSupplier() {
return optionsSupplier;
}
@Override
public PipelineOptions getOptions() {
return options;
}
@Override
public SparkSession getSparkSession() {
return sparkSession;
}
}
/**
* Supplier wrapping broadcasted {@link PipelineOptions} to avoid repeatedly serializing those as
* part of the task closures.
*/
private static class BroadcastOptions implements Supplier<PipelineOptions>, Serializable {
private final Broadcast<SerializablePipelineOptions> broadcast;
private BroadcastOptions(SparkSession session, PipelineOptions options) {
this.broadcast = broadcast(session, new SerializablePipelineOptions(options));
}
@Override
public PipelineOptions get() {
return broadcast.value().get();
}
}
private static <T> Broadcast<T> broadcast(SparkSession session, T t) {
return session.sparkContext().broadcast(t, (ClassTag) ClassTag.AnyRef());
}
/**
* {@link PTransformVisitor} that analyses dependencies of supported {@link PTransform
* PTransforms} to help identify cache candidates.
*
* <p>The visitor may throw if a {@link PTransform} is observed that uses unsupported features.
*/
private class DependencyVisitor extends PTransformVisitor {
private final Map<PCollection<?>, TranslationResult<?, ?>> results = new HashMap<>();
@Override
<InT extends PInput, OutT extends POutput> void visit(
Node node,
PTransform<InT, OutT> transform,
TransformTranslator<InT, OutT, PTransform<InT, OutT>> translator) {
// Track `transform` as downstream dependency of every input and reversely
// every input is a dependency of each output of `transform`.
List<TranslationResult<?, ?>> dependencies = new ArrayList<>(node.getInputs().size());
for (Map.Entry<TupleTag<?>, PCollection<?>> entry : node.getInputs().entrySet()) {
TranslationResult<?, ?> input = checkStateNotNull(results.get(entry.getValue()));
dependencies.add(input);
input.dependentTransforms.add(transform);
}
// add new translation result for every output of `transform`
for (PCollection<?> pOut : node.getOutputs().values()) {
results.put(pOut, new TranslationResult<>(pOut, translator.complexityFactor, dependencies));
}
}
}
/**
* An abstract {@link PipelineVisitor} that visits all translatable {@link PTransform} pipeline
* nodes of a pipeline with the respective {@link TransformTranslator}.
*
* <p>The visitor may throw if a {@link PTransform} is observed that uses unsupported features.
*/
private abstract class PTransformVisitor extends PipelineVisitor.Defaults {
/** Visit the {@link PTransform} with its respective {@link TransformTranslator}. */
abstract <InT extends PInput, OutT extends POutput> void visit(
Node node,
PTransform<InT, OutT> transform,
TransformTranslator<InT, OutT, PTransform<InT, OutT>> translator);
@Override
public final CompositeBehavior enterCompositeTransform(Node node) {
PTransform<PInput, POutput> transform = (PTransform<PInput, POutput>) node.getTransform();
TransformTranslator<PInput, POutput, PTransform<PInput, POutput>> translator =
getSupportedTranslator(transform);
if (transform != null && translator != null) {
visit(node, transform, translator);
return DO_NOT_ENTER_TRANSFORM;
} else {
return ENTER_TRANSFORM;
}
}
@Override
public final void visitPrimitiveTransform(Node node) {
PTransform<PInput, POutput> transform = (PTransform<PInput, POutput>) node.getTransform();
if (transform == null || transform.getClass().equals(View.CreatePCollectionView.class)) {
return; // ignore, nothing to be translated here, views are handled on the consumer side
}
TransformTranslator<PInput, POutput, PTransform<PInput, POutput>> translator =
getSupportedTranslator(transform);
if (translator == null) {
String urn = PTransformTranslation.urnForTransform(transform);
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Transform " + urn + " is not supported.");
}
visit(node, transform, translator);
}
/** {@link TransformTranslator} for {@link PTransform} if translation is known and supported. */
private @Nullable TransformTranslator<PInput, POutput, PTransform<PInput, POutput>>
getSupportedTranslator(@Nullable PTransform<PInput, POutput> transform) {
if (transform == null) {
return null;
}
TransformTranslator<PInput, POutput, PTransform<PInput, POutput>> translator =
getTransformTranslator(transform);
return translator != null && translator.canTranslate(transform) ? translator : null;
}
}
/**
* Traverse the pipeline to check for unbounded {@link PCollection PCollections} that would
* require streaming mode unless streaming mode is already enabled.
*/
private static class StreamingModeDetector extends PipelineVisitor.Defaults {
private boolean streaming;
StreamingModeDetector(boolean streaming) {
this.streaming = streaming;
}
@Override
public CompositeBehavior enterCompositeTransform(Node node) {
return streaming ? DO_NOT_ENTER_TRANSFORM : ENTER_TRANSFORM; // stop if in streaming mode
}
@Override
public void visitValue(PValue value, Node producer) {
if (value instanceof PCollection && ((PCollection) value).isBounded() == UNBOUNDED) {
LOG.info("Found unbounded PCollection {}, switching to streaming mode.", value.getName());
streaming = true;
}
}
}
}
``` |
Sherborne Qatar consists of four English speaking schools – Sherborne Qatar Senior School for pupils aged 11 to 18, Sherborne Qatar Prep School for pupils aged 3 to 11, Sherborne Qatar Junior School for pupils aged 4 to 11 and Sherborne Qatar School for Girls currently for pupils aged 3–16 (3-18 from 2023).
The schools aim to provide a wide and stimulating curriculum for all of its pupils, whatever their nationality, and it is a belief that pupils' well-being and academic excellence are equally important. The schools want to meet the ‘whole’ needs of every child within a culturally diverse environment which nurtures their skills, ambitions and moral development. Pupils benefit from small class sizes and age-appropriate facilities, enabling the schools to deliver provisions which encourage the 21st Century learner and develop the future global citizen. The schools have exciting and varied enrichment programmes that include musical, sporting, artistic and academic activities, ensuring all pupils are able to extend their learning beyond the classroom.
The motto of the three schools is "Education For Life". Sherborne Qatar has been incorporated in the Ministry of Education's educational reform program, the 'Outstanding Schools Program'. The school has been ranked as a "good school with some significant strengths" in British School Overseas inspection report.
History
Sherborne was established in Qatar in 2009 at the invitation of the Supreme Education Council. A member of the ruling family, Abdullah bin Ahmed Al Thani, had recommended the school to the council. It was the first Sherborne branch established outside the United Kingdom. Colin Niven was the founding principal.
Memberships
The schools are members of the following organisations:
QUESS (Qatar Unified English Speaking Schools)
BSME (British Schools in the Middle East)
COBIS
IAPS
References
Schools in Qatar
British international schools in Qatar
Qatar–United Kingdom relations
2009 establishments in Qatar
International schools in Qatar |
Bernadotte Perrin (15 September 1847 – 31 August 1920) was an American classicist.
Life
He was born in Goshen, Connecticut on September 15, 1847. He was the son of Lavalette Perrin, a Congregational minister, and Ann Eliza Perrin. He died on August 31, 1920, at Saratoga Springs, New York.
Career
He was Lampson Professor of Greek Literature and History at Yale University.
He was a member of the Church of Christ in Yale College and held office as president of the Graduates Club of New Haven.
Bibliography
Eight Books of Homer's Odyssey (w/ T. Seymour)
Plutarch's Themistocles and Aristides
History
Plutarch's Nicias and Alcibiades
Greek Dramas by Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes
Six of Plutarch's Greek Lives
References
External links
Wikisource
American classical scholars
1847 births
1920 deaths
People from Goshen, Connecticut
Yale University faculty
Writers from Connecticut |
Marcy () is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France.
See also
Communes of the Nièvre department
References
Communes of Nièvre |
The Hyundai Sirius engine was the company's first larger inline-four engine, with displacements from 1.8 L (1795 cc) to 2.4 L (2351 cc). It is a license-built Mitsubishi construction. This engine is no longer used by Hyundai.
1.5L (G4DJ)
The Hyundai G4DJ engine was manufactured from 1989 to 1995 under license from Mitsubishi and was essentially a copy of the 8-valve version of the popular 4G15 powerplant, the engine's advertised power is at 5,500 rpm with of torque at 3,000 rpm.
Applications
Hyundai Elantra (J1) (1990–1995)
Hyundai Scoupe (1990–1992)
Hyundai Excel/Pony (X2) (1989–1993)
1.5L (G4CL)
The Hyundai G4CL engine features DOHC, the engine's advertised power is at 6,000 rpm with of torque at 4,500 rpm.
Applications
Hyundai Elantra (J1) (1993–1995)
1.6L (G4CR)
The Hyundai G4CR is an in-line four, dual overhead camshaft (DOHC) engine manufactured from 1990 to 1995 under license, as it was in fact a copy of the Mitsubishi 4G61 engine, and it was put on the first generation of the Elantra model. Unlike other power units of this series, this one never had a balancing shaft, the engine's advertised power is at 6,000 rpm with of torque at 5,000 rpm.
Details
Total displacement: 1595 cc (97.30 cu in)
Bore: 82.30 mm (3.240 in)
Stroke: 75.00 mm (2.953 in)
Compression Ratio: 9.2:1
Idle RPM: 750 ± 100
Ignition timing at idling speed: 5° ± 2°/750 rpm
Applications
Hyundai Elantra (J1) (1990–1993)
1.8L (G4CM/G4CN/G4JN)
G4CM is a SOHC engine, the engine's advertised power is at 5,000–5,500 rpm with of torque at 4,000–4,500 rpm. This engine shares its 88 mm stroke with the Mitsubishi 4G67 from which it is derived, but thanks to a 80.6 mm bore the displacement is kept beneath the 1800 cc threshold, allowing for lower road taxes in some markets.
Applications (G4CM)
Hyundai Elantra (1990–1993)
Hyundai Sonata (1988–1998)
G4CN is the DOHC engine based on the Mitsubishi 4G67. Bore and stroke is 81.5 mm × 88 mm (3.21 in × 3.46 in), the engine's advertised power is at 6,000 rpm with of torque at 4,500 rpm.
Applications (G4CN)
Hyundai Elantra (1993–1999)
Hyundai Sonata (1993–1998)
G4JN (Sirius II) is a Korean version DOHC engine with an 81.5 mm bore and 88 mm stroke. Output was up to at 6,000 rpm with of torque at 4,500 rpm.
Applications (G4JN)
Hyundai Sonata (EF) (1998–2001)
Kia Optima (MS) (2000–2005)
2.0L (G4CP/G4JP/L4CP/L4JP)
G4CP is Hyundai's name for the Mitsubishi 4G63 engine. Bore x stroke is 85 mm × 88 mm (3.35 in × 3.46 in), the engine's advertised power is at 5,000 rpm with of torque at 4,000 rpm.
Applications (G4CP)
Hyundai Grandeur (L) (1986–1992)
Hyundai Sonata (1988–1998)
G4JP 2.0 (Sirius II) is the Korean version. Bore x stroke is 85 mm × 88 mm (3.35 in × 3.46 in). It has a cast iron engine block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. It uses MFI fuel injection, has 4 valves per cylinder and features forged steel connecting rods. The engine's advertised power is at 6,000 rpm with of torque at 4,000–4,500 rpm.
Applications (G4JP)
Hyundai Grandeur (LX) (1992–1998)
Hyundai Santa Fe (SM) (2000–2005)
Hyundai Sonata (1993–2004)
Hyundai Trajet (1999–2007)
Kia Optima (MS) (2000–2005)
Kia Joice (1999–2002)
4GA1-1 JAC's 4GA1-1 was learnt from Hyundai, it uses DOHC 16-valves and SFI technology
Applications (4GA1-1)
JAC S1(Ruiying)
The Hyundai Sirius LPG engine, the engine's advertised power is at 4,500 rpm with of torque at 2,500 rpm.
Applications (L4CP)
Hyundai Santamo (1997–2002)
The Hyundai Sirius II LPG engine, the engine's advertised power is at 4,500 rpm with of torque at 2,500 rpm.
Applications (L4JP)
Kia Joice (1999–2002)
2.4L (G4CS/G4JS/L4CS)
There are two variants of the Sirius engine called G4CS and G4JS, bore is 86.5 mm while stroke is 100 mm.
The G4CS is of an SOHC design, its advertised power is at 4,500–5,000 rpm with of torque at 2,500–4,000 rpm.
Applications (G4CS)
Hyundai Grandeur (1986–1998)
Hyundai Sonata (1988–1991)
Hyundai Starex (1997–2004)
The G4JS has a compression ratio of 10.0:1. Output is 141 PS (104 kW) at 5,500 rpm with of torque at 3,000 rpm. It has a cast iron engine block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. It uses MPI fuel injection and features forged steel connecting rods.
Applications (G4JS)
Hyundai Santa Fe
Hyundai Sonata
Hyundai Starex
Kia Optima (2000–2005)
Kia Sorento
The L4CS variant makes at 4,000 rpm with of torque at 2,000 rpm.
Applications (L4CS)
Hyundai Starex (1997–2004)
See also
List of Hyundai engines
References
Sirius
Straight-four engines |
Created in 1984, the Jujamcyn Theaters Award has been given over 20+ years to honor a resident theater organization that has made an outstanding contribution to the development of creative talent for the theatre. The award has been sponsored by Jujamcyn Amusement Corporation, one of the three principal organizations involved in Broadway theatre in New York. The award has included a cash prize that has varied from $50,000 to $100,000. The former owner of Jujamcyn, James H. Binger, was a primary sponsor of the award up to his death in 2004. Since his death the award has been given once, rather than the prior pattern of annual awards. Several recipients of the Jujamcyn Award have also been recognized with the Regional Theatre Tony Award. The Jujamcyn Theatres Award recipients have been the following:
Note: this is a sortable table, click on the column heading arrow icon to sort by that column.
See also
Jujamcyn Amusement Corporation - sponsors of the Jujamcyn award, also owners and operators of theaters in New York City
Regional Theatre Tony Award - special award given to regional theatres of distinction.
Regional theater in the United States
Notes
American theater awards
Awards established in 1984
1984 establishments in the United States |
Katherine Arthur Behenna (born 1860 – 21 September 1926), also known as Kathleen Arthur Behenna, was a Scottish-born portrait miniaturist, poet, spiritualist, and suffragist. She sometimes wrote articles using the masculine pseudonyms John Prendergast and John Prendregeist.
Early life
Katherine Arthur was born in 1860 in Helensburgh, Scotland. She and her brother William were twins. Their father Alexander Arthur was from Montreal, Canada. She was educated in Montreal, Boston, as well as at the Art Students League of New York and the Académie Julian in Paris. In New York, she studied with George de Forest Brush, Carroll Beckwith, and John Henry Twachtman. She married Henry Behenna in 1885.
Career
Painting and organizing
Behenna painted miniature portraits on ivory, often of American socialites of the Gilded Age for art collector Peter Marié, including Antoinette Polk, Baroness de Charette Anna Hall Roosevelt, and Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy. She also made a portrait of Louise, Princess Royal. Her work was exhibited at the Royal Academy of Arts and the Modern Gallery in London. She also painted five panels of a frieze, The Path of the Soul, displayed at the Tiffany Glass Building in New York in 1906. She later moved to Étaples, France, where she was a member of the Etaples art colony.
In 1915, Behenna was organizing chair of the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire, and created chapters in New York and Baltimore, to prepare and coordinate women's relief efforts during World War I. Behenna was a suffragist.
Disappearance and spiritualism
In 1907 she was in Ottawa to show her miniatures and paint Lady Evelyn Grey, daughter of the Governor General, when she disappeared, prompting a police investigation. She explained later that she had decided to take a train to Virginia, because "I went to Ottawa an optimist and returned a pessimist," elaborating that "I was chilled to the soul by the atmosphere of petty malice, superficiality, lack of courtesy and active hostility in which I found myself."
Behenna was interested in spiritualism. In 1899, she told the press that she had been contacted by a spirit named Helios, and told the location of a gold mine in the United States. Helios also instructed her to adopt a specific diet, and to write an epic poem in eight cantos, about Rameses II. She wrote a short book of poems, which she claimed to have received "through auditory control" from the spirit realm, Mystic Songs of Fire and Flame (1921). She used the masculine pseudonyms John Prendregeist and John Prendergast, interpreting the surname as meaning "to grasp the spirit."
In 1921, Behenna lectured in Washington, D.C., on "Color: Its Effect on Human Health and the Preservation of Youth in the Body", and read her poetry at the Arts Club of Washington. In 1922, she visited Montreal to lecture on "The Coming Race". In 1923, she explained to audiences that "the time will come... when everyone must live right, and think pure thought, as everyone else will be able to read their mind and tell what they are thinking about."
Personal life and legacy
Katherine Arthur briefly married Henry Carstairs Behenna in 1885, and divorced shortly after. They had a daughter, Vivian Margaret Behenna. Katherine Behenna died from a cerebral haemorrhage in 1926 after she was found unconscious in her Chelsea studio, apparently after visiting China, and using toxic products to dye her hair.
Behenna's miniature portraits from the Peter Marié Collection are kept at the New-York Historical Society.
References
1860s births
1926 deaths
People from Helensburgh
Scottish emigrants to the United States
Scottish women painters
19th-century Scottish painters
20th-century Scottish painters
American women painters
20th-century American painters
19th-century American painters
19th-century American women artists
20th-century American women artists
British women in World War I
20th-century Scottish women |
New England Studios is a film studio located in Devens, Massachusetts.
The studios were built using tilt-up construction technique.
New England Studios officially opened on September 16, 2013.
It is 40 minutes outside Boston, Massachusetts and provides 24-hour gated security and parking for 271 cars and trucks.
It consists of (4) 18,000 square feet sound stages that occupy the majority of the land. NE Studios hosted its first major movie, Tumbledown in March 2015 and has hosted and provided Grip and Electric for many film and television projects since its opening. In addition to film and television projects, NE Studios hosts many commercial productions.
2021
Dexter: New Blood
2018
A Snow White Christmas
Fear Bay
SMILF S2 – provided Grip PKGs
Jungle Land – provided all Electric PKGs
Little Women – provided all Grip PKGs
Untitled Chris Keyeser/Hamelins
2017
Castle Rock
Follow Back
GhostLight - provided all Electric and Grip PKGs
DH2
EQ2
I’m Not Your Daughter
Slender Man
Spruces and Pines
Who Do You Think Would Win? - provided all Electric PKGs
2016
Super Troopers 2 - provided all Electric PKGs
Altar Rock
Cadaver
Grace
Revelers
The Vermont House
2015
Central Intelligence
HollyGrove
The Last Poker Game
The Minds Eye
Welcome Home
Wish X
2014
Tumbledown
2013
Five O’Clock Comes Early
Minister’s Wife
References
External links
New England Studios
Companies based in Massachusetts
Cinema of Massachusetts
Television in Massachusetts
Film production companies of the United States
Television studios in the United States
American film studios |
Marila spiciformis is a species of flowering plant in the Calophyllaceae family. It is found only in Peru.
References
spiciformis
Endemic flora of Peru
Vulnerable plants
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Oberehe-Stroheich is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Gerolstein, whose seat is in the like-named town.
Geography
The municipality lies in the Vulkaneifel, a part of the Eifel known for its volcanic history, geographical and geological features, and even ongoing activity today, including gases that sometimes well up from the earth.
History
Castle Oberehe was built between 1696 and 1698 as a fortified manor house by Johann Christoph von Veyder, Lord at Malberg. It has two unique towers.
In the parish church is the grave of Auxiliary Bishop of Cologne Werner von Veyder. Stroheich’s chapel dates from the 11th century.
The municipality of Oberehe-Stroheich came into being on 7 November 1970 through the merger of the two formerly self-administering municipalities of Oberehe and Stroheich.
Politics
Municipal council
The council is made up of 12 council members, who were elected by majority vote at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.
Coat of arms
The German blazon reads: In gespaltenem Schild vorne in Gold ein grünes, aufwärts gerichtetes Eichenblatt mit Eichel, hinten in Grün drei fünfblättrige silberne Blumen mit rotem Butzen pfahlweise.
The municipality’s arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per pale Or an oakleaf palewise with an acorn vert and vert three flowers with five petals each palewise argent seeded of the first.
Culture and sightseeing
Buildings
Oberehe
Saint James’s Catholic Parish Church (Pfarrkirche St. Jacob), Hauptstraße 31 – Gothic Revival quarrystone aisleless church, 1900/1901; whole complex with rectory (Hauptstraße 33).
Castle, Hauptstraße 19 – fortified manor house, three-floor lordly manor, timber-frame gallery, gatehouse, 1696-1698.
Döhmstraße, graveyard – Gothic Revival red sandstone cross from 1872.
Döhmstraße/corner of Dreisfeldstraße – Heiligenhäuschen (a small, shrinelike structure consecrated to a saint or saints), Gothic false gable.
Hauptstraße 21 – timber-frame house, partly solid, from 1872, date of timber-framing unclear.
Hauptstraße 33 – Catholic rectory, Gothic Revival quarrystone building with half-hipped roof, 1906; whole complex with Saint James’s Parish Church (Hauptstraße 31).
Hauptstraße 37 – Quereinhaus (a combination residential and commercial house divided for these two purposes down the middle, perpendicularly to the street) from 1863.
Schulstraße 6 – one-and-a-half-floor house, partly timber-frame, from 1854, apparently essentially older.
Stroheich
Saint Agatha’s Catholic Church (branch church; Filialkirche St. Agatha), Gartenstraße – aisleless church, early 16th century, shaft cross from 1759.
Gartenstraße 11 – estate along street, house from 1808 (?), quarrystone commercial building.
Lindenplatz 1 – Quereinhaus from 1886.
Wolfskaul 2 – Quereinhaus from 1876.
Wayside cross, southeast of the village in the field, basalt beam cross from 1682 (? – last digit unclear).
Wayside cross, basalt beam cross from 1688.
References
External links
Municipality’s official webpage (under construction)
Tourism information
Municipalities in Rhineland-Palatinate
Vulkaneifel |
Cable management refers to management of electrical or optical cable in a cabinet or an installation. The term is used for products, workmanship or planning.
Cables can easily become tangled, making them difficult to work with, sometimes resulting in devices accidentally becoming unplugged as one attempts to move a cable. Such cases are known as "cable spaghetti", and any kind of problem diagnosis and future updates to such enclosures could be very difficult.
Cable management both supports and contains cables during installation, and makes subsequent maintenance or changes to the cable system easier. Products such as cable trays, cable ladders, and cable baskets are used to support a cable through cabling routes.
Cable selection
The choice of cables is also important; for instance, ribbon cables used to connect Parallel ATA drives to the motherboard can disrupt the airflow inside of computers, making case fans less effective; most SATA cables are more compact and therefore do not have this problem.
Cable labeling
Color-coding of cables is sometimes used to keep track of which is which. For instance, the wires coming out of ATX power supplies are color-coded by voltage. Documenting and labeling cable runs, tying related cables together by cable ties, cable lacing, rubber bands or other means, running them through cable guides, and clipping or stapling them to walls are other common methods of keeping them organized. Above drop ceilings, hooks or trays are used to organize cables and protect them from electrical interference
Planning is especially crucial for cables such as thicknet that do not bend around corners easily and fiber optic which is very difficult to splice once cut.
Cable strain relief
Cable strain relief is a mechanical protection for flexible electrical cables, wires, conduits and pneumatic hoses. It is regulated by the European standard EN 62444 (formerly EN 50262.).
With a strain relief component, the connection between a flexible electrical line and its connection port is protected against mechanical stress. Usually, the lines are fixed by clamping them into single cable clamps made of plastic or metal. Another possibility is to use so called cord grips which consist of weaved wire strands that put a grip around the cables.
A more cable-friendly alternative is attaching the lines to special strain relief plates using common cable ties. In case of industrial applications these strain relief plates are also cost-effective because the packing density (meaning the possible number of lines to be fixed on one plate) is much higher than with common cable clamps which are normally designed for holding one single line.
Furthermore, most of the available cable clamps are not very flexible when it comes to routing lines with varying diameters. That causes higher acquisition and storage costs. The installation of the single cable clamps can take a lot of mounting time, depending on the laying length of the lines. Strain relief plates are therefore a more flexible solution which allows a parallel routing of several lines with varying diameters.
Strain relief is often required for terminated electrical lines that are plugged into sockets or ports to prevent unplugging or accidentally ripping out of the connector. At which point the lines have to be strain relieved depends on the application. For PROFINET, for example, which is used in automation it is recommended to set the strain relief component approx. 1 m / 3.5 ft from the connection point.
Strain relief components are also used in applications where cables, conduits and hoses are exposed to constant dynamic stress (cable carriers / drag chains).
Computer data cabling, structured cabling, LAN cabling
Generally, one end of a cable is terminated in the data cabinet. The other end of a cable ends at the desk. The cable management needs at either end are different.
Buildings and office furniture are often designed with cable management in mind; for instance, desks sometimes have holes to pass cables, and dropped ceilings, raised floors and in-floor cellular raceway systems provide easy access. Some cables have requirements for minimum bending radius or proximity to other cables, particularly power cables, to avoid crosstalk or interference. Power cables often need to be grouped separately and suitably apart from data cables, and only cross at right angles which minimizes electromagnetic interference.
The organized routing of cables inside the computer case allows for optimal airflow and cooling. Good cable management also makes working inside a computer much easier by providing safer hardware installation, repair, or removal. Some PC mod enthusiasts showcase the internal components of their systems with a window mod, which displays the aesthetics of internal cabling as well as the skills and wealth of the modder.
The IT industry needs data cables to be added, moved, or removed many times during the life of the installation. It is usual practice to install "fixed cables" between cabling closets or cabinets. These cables are contained in cable trays etc., and are terminated at each end onto patch panels in the communications cabinet or outlets at the desktop. The circuits are then interconnected to the final destination using patch cables.
Software, such as data center infrastructure management (DCIM), is sometimes used to manage cabling for large IT infrastructures.
Cable planning
Because large IT infrastructures often encompass vast networks of cables — all of which need to be serviced, removed, added, and so on throughout an installation lifecycle — cable planning is a necessity.
Different methods of cable planning may be employed, depending upon the level of detail required for proper management. Spreadsheet software can be used for this purpose, but there is often a need to visually organize information that goes beyond the capabilities of such general-purpose software. For proper visualization of cabling, companies may opt to use a cable management software package.
In hospitals
In hospital situations, cable management can be critical to preventing medical mistakes. In these settings, cable management includes tubes and hoses used for liquids and gases used in healthcare, along with electrical and other cables. Emergency room nurse manager Pat Gabriel said, "My wish is that we could somehow not have spaghetti on the bed. When you look at all those wires and those IVs, it's just spaghetti".
Cabling in healthcare facilities must be grounded, shielded and routed in accordance with life safety codes to minimize interference with medical equipment.
In offices
Cables are managed by five methods in commercial buildings:
Concrete trenching - a trench is dug into the building's concrete. Cabling and floor boxes are installed and the trench is sealed with concrete.
Floor decking - cables are installed on the ceiling of the floor below. Holes are drilled through the floor and outlets are installed on top of the floor.
Overhead cabling - cables are installed on the ceiling. Cable drop downs give users access to outlets.
Access flooring - cables are installed below a raised floor.
In Floor Cellular Raceway Systems - utilize enclosed steel raceways located within a concrete floor slab to distribute power, data, and telecom cabling throughout a space to any location where these services are required today – and where they may be required in the future.
Cord concealers (also called cord protectors) are commonly used in offices to prevent accidents while protecting the cord and the appliance its attached to. Office furniture can sometimes have built in cable management solutions.
In moving equipment
Cable management is particularly important in powered equipment which must move large distances while tethered to a power source and control cabling. There are several common methods of cable management.
With a suspended sliding coil, the cables are coiled like a spring, with each loop of the coil attached to a sliding shoe on a track. As the cabling is paid out, the shoes slide individually along the track and the coils expand. When sliding the other direction, the coils fold back together into a compact spiral. This is also referred to as a festoon.
Folded linear cable uses either a flexible backbone shell, or a flat cable folded into an arc along its long axis. This style of cabling is very common in computer printers to connect the printhead to the circuitry, but is also used in very large linear moving gantries. The cables are flexed only in a small region in a tight radius and so need to be very flexible.
See also
Cable harness
Cable entry system
Cable grommet
Cable gland
Cable tray
Cable dressing
Underwriter's knot
References
Information technology management
Management
Metaphors referring to spaghetti |
Hippopsis lemniscata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1801.
References
Hippopsis
Beetles described in 1801 |
Hans Riemer (2 August 1901 – 26 December 1963) was an Austrian politician of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ). From 1949 to 1956 he was a member of the Bundesrat and from 1956 to 1963 a member of the city council of Vienna.
Background
Riemer was born in Steyr, the son of a craftsman. He attended school in Vienna and completed a commercial apprenticeship. In 1918 he joined the Socialist Workers Youth, rose to local group chairman and was from 1922 to 1926 chairman of the Vienna State organization. In 1922, Josef Luitpold Stern brought him to the Socialist Education Center, where he built the department of photography and film and led it until 1932. Between 1932 and 1934, Riemer worked as a secretary of the Social Democratic municipal council and the Austrian Town Covenant (Österreichischer Städtebund). Riemer also worked as an editor of the paper "Österreichische Gemeinde-Zeitung".
After the prohibition of the Social Democratic Party, Riemer worked between 1934 and 1943 as an official at the Wiener Städtische Versicherung, an insurance company. He was subsequently drafted to military service, and returned in 1945 from a short American captivity. He became press secretary of the city of Vienna, and wrote a brochure Ewiges Wien in that capacity. In 1948, he was also appointed secretary of the Austrian Town Covenant again. Riemer, who held this office until 1957, was also a member of the Bundesrat between 5 December 1949 and 5 July 1956. He served as president between 1 January 1955 and 20 June 1955.
On 13 April 1956, Riemer took on the role of the municipal council for personnel affairs, administrative and operational reform in the of Franz Jonas. Riemer led the office in the , until he died in office in Vienna in 1963. In addition, Riemer was from 11 December 1959 until his death a member of the Vienna city council (Stadtrat) and a member of the Vienna municipal council (Gemeinderat).
Riemer was buried in a grave of honor () in the Vienna Central Cemetery (Group 14C, No. 25).
Publications
Riemer's books appeared in the , in Vienna.
References
External links
Recipients of the Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria
Social Democratic Party of Austria politicians
Presidents of the Austrian Federal Council
Members of the Federal Council (Austria)
Politicians from Vienna
1901 births
1963 deaths
People from Steyr
German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United States |
```python
from __future__ import division, absolute_import, print_function
# Code common to build tools
import sys
import warnings
import copy
import binascii
from numpy.distutils.misc_util import mingw32
#-------------------
# Versioning support
#-------------------
# How to change C_API_VERSION ?
# - increase C_API_VERSION value
# - record the hash for the new C API with the script cversions.py
# and add the hash to cversions.txt
# The hash values are used to remind developers when the C API number was not
# updated - generates a MismatchCAPIWarning warning which is turned into an
# exception for released version.
# Binary compatibility version number. This number is increased whenever the
# C-API is changed such that binary compatibility is broken, i.e. whenever a
# recompile of extension modules is needed.
C_ABI_VERSION = 0x01000009
# Minor API version. This number is increased whenever a change is made to the
# C-API -- whether it breaks binary compatibility or not. Some changes, such
# as adding a function pointer to the end of the function table, can be made
# without breaking binary compatibility. In this case, only the C_API_VERSION
# (*not* C_ABI_VERSION) would be increased. Whenever binary compatibility is
# broken, both C_API_VERSION and C_ABI_VERSION should be increased.
#
# 0x00000008 - 1.7.x
# 0x00000009 - 1.8.x
# 0x00000009 - 1.9.x
# 0x0000000a - 1.10.x
# 0x0000000a - 1.11.x
C_API_VERSION = 0x0000000a
class MismatchCAPIWarning(Warning):
pass
def is_released(config):
"""Return True if a released version of numpy is detected."""
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
v = config.get_version('../version.py')
if v is None:
raise ValueError("Could not get version")
pv = LooseVersion(vstring=v).version
if len(pv) > 3:
return False
return True
def get_api_versions(apiversion, codegen_dir):
"""
Return current C API checksum and the recorded checksum.
Return current C API checksum and the recorded checksum for the given
version of the C API version.
"""
# Compute the hash of the current API as defined in the .txt files in
# code_generators
sys.path.insert(0, codegen_dir)
try:
m = __import__('genapi')
numpy_api = __import__('numpy_api')
curapi_hash = m.fullapi_hash(numpy_api.full_api)
apis_hash = m.get_versions_hash()
finally:
del sys.path[0]
return curapi_hash, apis_hash[apiversion]
def check_api_version(apiversion, codegen_dir):
"""Emits a MismacthCAPIWarning if the C API version needs updating."""
curapi_hash, api_hash = get_api_versions(apiversion, codegen_dir)
# If different hash, it means that the api .txt files in
# codegen_dir have been updated without the API version being
# updated. Any modification in those .txt files should be reflected
# in the api and eventually abi versions.
# To compute the checksum of the current API, use
# code_generators/cversions.py script
if not curapi_hash == api_hash:
msg = ("API mismatch detected, the C API version "
"numbers have to be updated. Current C api version is %d, "
"with checksum %s, but recorded checksum for C API version %d in "
"codegen_dir/cversions.txt is %s. If functions were added in the "
"C API, you have to update C_API_VERSION in %s."
)
warnings.warn(msg % (apiversion, curapi_hash, apiversion, api_hash,
__file__),
MismatchCAPIWarning)
# Mandatory functions: if not found, fail the build
MANDATORY_FUNCS = ["sin", "cos", "tan", "sinh", "cosh", "tanh", "fabs",
"floor", "ceil", "sqrt", "log10", "log", "exp", "asin",
"acos", "atan", "fmod", 'modf', 'frexp', 'ldexp']
# Standard functions which may not be available and for which we have a
# replacement implementation. Note that some of these are C99 functions.
OPTIONAL_STDFUNCS = ["expm1", "log1p", "acosh", "asinh", "atanh",
"rint", "trunc", "exp2", "log2", "hypot", "atan2", "pow",
"copysign", "nextafter", "ftello", "fseeko",
"strtoll", "strtoull", "cbrt", "strtold_l", "fallocate"]
OPTIONAL_HEADERS = [
# sse headers only enabled automatically on amd64/x32 builds
"xmmintrin.h", # SSE
"emmintrin.h", # SSE2
"features.h", # for glibc version linux
]
# optional gcc compiler builtins and their call arguments and optional a
# required header
# call arguments are required as the compiler will do strict signature checking
OPTIONAL_INTRINSICS = [("__builtin_isnan", '5.'),
("__builtin_isinf", '5.'),
("__builtin_isfinite", '5.'),
("__builtin_bswap32", '5u'),
("__builtin_bswap64", '5u'),
("__builtin_expect", '5, 0'),
("__builtin_mul_overflow", '5, 5, (int*)5'),
("_mm_load_ps", '(float*)0', "xmmintrin.h"), # SSE
("_mm_prefetch", '(float*)0, _MM_HINT_NTA',
"xmmintrin.h"), # SSE
("_mm_load_pd", '(double*)0', "emmintrin.h"), # SSE2
("__builtin_prefetch", "(float*)0, 0, 3"),
]
# function attributes
# tested via "int %s %s(void *);" % (attribute, name)
# function name will be converted to HAVE_<upper-case-name> preprocessor macro
OPTIONAL_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTES = [('__attribute__((optimize("unroll-loops")))',
'attribute_optimize_unroll_loops'),
('__attribute__((optimize("O3")))',
'attribute_optimize_opt_3'),
('__attribute__((nonnull (1)))',
'attribute_nonnull'),
]
# variable attributes tested via "int %s a" % attribute
OPTIONAL_VARIABLE_ATTRIBUTES = ["__thread", "__declspec(thread)"]
# Subset of OPTIONAL_STDFUNCS which may alreay have HAVE_* defined by Python.h
OPTIONAL_STDFUNCS_MAYBE = [
"expm1", "log1p", "acosh", "atanh", "asinh", "hypot", "copysign",
"ftello", "fseeko"
]
# C99 functions: float and long double versions
C99_FUNCS = [
"sin", "cos", "tan", "sinh", "cosh", "tanh", "fabs", "floor", "ceil",
"rint", "trunc", "sqrt", "log10", "log", "log1p", "exp", "expm1",
"asin", "acos", "atan", "asinh", "acosh", "atanh", "hypot", "atan2",
"pow", "fmod", "modf", 'frexp', 'ldexp', "exp2", "log2", "copysign",
"nextafter", "cbrt"
]
C99_FUNCS_SINGLE = [f + 'f' for f in C99_FUNCS]
C99_FUNCS_EXTENDED = [f + 'l' for f in C99_FUNCS]
C99_COMPLEX_TYPES = [
'complex double', 'complex float', 'complex long double'
]
C99_COMPLEX_FUNCS = [
"cabs", "cacos", "cacosh", "carg", "casin", "casinh", "catan",
"catanh", "ccos", "ccosh", "cexp", "cimag", "clog", "conj", "cpow",
"cproj", "creal", "csin", "csinh", "csqrt", "ctan", "ctanh"
]
def fname2def(name):
return "HAVE_%s" % name.upper()
def sym2def(symbol):
define = symbol.replace(' ', '')
return define.upper()
def type2def(symbol):
define = symbol.replace(' ', '_')
return define.upper()
# Code to detect long double representation taken from MPFR m4 macro
def check_long_double_representation(cmd):
cmd._check_compiler()
body = LONG_DOUBLE_REPRESENTATION_SRC % {'type': 'long double'}
# Disable whole program optimization (the default on vs2015, with python 3.5+)
# which generates intermediary object files and prevents checking the
# float representation.
if sys.platform == "win32" and not mingw32():
try:
cmd.compiler.compile_options.remove("/GL")
except (AttributeError, ValueError):
pass
# We need to use _compile because we need the object filename
src, obj = cmd._compile(body, None, None, 'c')
try:
ltype = long_double_representation(pyod(obj))
return ltype
except ValueError:
# try linking to support CC="gcc -flto" or icc -ipo
# struct needs to be volatile so it isn't optimized away
body = body.replace('struct', 'volatile struct')
body += "int main(void) { return 0; }\n"
src, obj = cmd._compile(body, None, None, 'c')
cmd.temp_files.append("_configtest")
cmd.compiler.link_executable([obj], "_configtest")
ltype = long_double_representation(pyod("_configtest"))
return ltype
finally:
cmd._clean()
LONG_DOUBLE_REPRESENTATION_SRC = r"""
/* "before" is 16 bytes to ensure there's no padding between it and "x".
* We're not expecting any "long double" bigger than 16 bytes or with
* alignment requirements stricter than 16 bytes. */
typedef %(type)s test_type;
struct {
char before[16];
test_type x;
char after[8];
} foo = {
{ '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0',
'\001', '\043', '\105', '\147', '\211', '\253', '\315', '\357' },
-123456789.0,
{ '\376', '\334', '\272', '\230', '\166', '\124', '\062', '\020' }
};
"""
def pyod(filename):
"""Python implementation of the od UNIX utility (od -b, more exactly).
Parameters
----------
filename : str
name of the file to get the dump from.
Returns
-------
out : seq
list of lines of od output
Note
----
We only implement enough to get the necessary information for long double
representation, this is not intended as a compatible replacement for od.
"""
def _pyod2():
out = []
fid = open(filename, 'rb')
try:
yo = [int(oct(int(binascii.b2a_hex(o), 16))) for o in fid.read()]
for i in range(0, len(yo), 16):
line = ['%07d' % int(oct(i))]
line.extend(['%03d' % c for c in yo[i:i+16]])
out.append(" ".join(line))
return out
finally:
fid.close()
def _pyod3():
out = []
fid = open(filename, 'rb')
try:
yo2 = [oct(o)[2:] for o in fid.read()]
for i in range(0, len(yo2), 16):
line = ['%07d' % int(oct(i)[2:])]
line.extend(['%03d' % int(c) for c in yo2[i:i+16]])
out.append(" ".join(line))
return out
finally:
fid.close()
if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
return _pyod2()
else:
return _pyod3()
_BEFORE_SEQ = ['000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000',
'001', '043', '105', '147', '211', '253', '315', '357']
_AFTER_SEQ = ['376', '334', '272', '230', '166', '124', '062', '020']
_IEEE_DOUBLE_BE = ['301', '235', '157', '064', '124', '000', '000', '000']
_IEEE_DOUBLE_LE = _IEEE_DOUBLE_BE[::-1]
_INTEL_EXTENDED_12B = ['000', '000', '000', '000', '240', '242', '171', '353',
'031', '300', '000', '000']
_INTEL_EXTENDED_16B = ['000', '000', '000', '000', '240', '242', '171', '353',
'031', '300', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000']
_MOTOROLA_EXTENDED_12B = ['300', '031', '000', '000', '353', '171',
'242', '240', '000', '000', '000', '000']
_IEEE_QUAD_PREC_BE = ['300', '031', '326', '363', '105', '100', '000', '000',
'000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000']
_IEEE_QUAD_PREC_LE = _IEEE_QUAD_PREC_BE[::-1]
_DOUBLE_DOUBLE_BE = (['301', '235', '157', '064', '124', '000', '000', '000'] +
['000'] * 8)
_DOUBLE_DOUBLE_LE = (['000', '000', '000', '124', '064', '157', '235', '301'] +
['000'] * 8)
def long_double_representation(lines):
"""Given a binary dump as given by GNU od -b, look for long double
representation."""
# Read contains a list of 32 items, each item is a byte (in octal
# representation, as a string). We 'slide' over the output until read is of
# the form before_seq + content + after_sequence, where content is the long double
# representation:
# - content is 12 bytes: 80 bits Intel representation
# - content is 16 bytes: 80 bits Intel representation (64 bits) or quad precision
# - content is 8 bytes: same as double (not implemented yet)
read = [''] * 32
saw = None
for line in lines:
# we skip the first word, as od -b output an index at the beginning of
# each line
for w in line.split()[1:]:
read.pop(0)
read.append(w)
# If the end of read is equal to the after_sequence, read contains
# the long double
if read[-8:] == _AFTER_SEQ:
saw = copy.copy(read)
if read[:12] == _BEFORE_SEQ[4:]:
if read[12:-8] == _INTEL_EXTENDED_12B:
return 'INTEL_EXTENDED_12_BYTES_LE'
if read[12:-8] == _MOTOROLA_EXTENDED_12B:
return 'MOTOROLA_EXTENDED_12_BYTES_BE'
elif read[:8] == _BEFORE_SEQ[8:]:
if read[8:-8] == _INTEL_EXTENDED_16B:
return 'INTEL_EXTENDED_16_BYTES_LE'
elif read[8:-8] == _IEEE_QUAD_PREC_BE:
return 'IEEE_QUAD_BE'
elif read[8:-8] == _IEEE_QUAD_PREC_LE:
return 'IEEE_QUAD_LE'
elif read[8:-8] == _DOUBLE_DOUBLE_BE:
return 'DOUBLE_DOUBLE_BE'
elif read[8:-8] == _DOUBLE_DOUBLE_LE:
return 'DOUBLE_DOUBLE_LE'
elif read[:16] == _BEFORE_SEQ:
if read[16:-8] == _IEEE_DOUBLE_LE:
return 'IEEE_DOUBLE_LE'
elif read[16:-8] == _IEEE_DOUBLE_BE:
return 'IEEE_DOUBLE_BE'
if saw is not None:
raise ValueError("Unrecognized format (%s)" % saw)
else:
# We never detected the after_sequence
raise ValueError("Could not lock sequences (%s)" % saw)
``` |
Hallrule is a hamlet on the B6357 road, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, on the Rule Water, near Abbotrule, Bedrule Bonchester Bridge, Denholm, Hobkirk, Ruletownhead and to the south, the Wauchope Forest.
The village's name in 1502 was Hawroull, and Hallrule Tower was held by George Turnbull. It was burned in 1523 and in 1544.
See also
List of places in the Scottish Borders
List of places in Scotland
List of Scottish feudal baronies
References
External links
RCAHMS: Hallrule, Cairn, cinerary urn
RCAHMS: Hallrule, Tower House, village
CANMORE/RCAHMS: Hallrule
Hallrule House and Hallrule Estate
Farming Scotland: Sheep farming at Hallrule Farm
Branxholme Gun dogs: Keepers Day at Hallrule estate
Villages in the Scottish Borders |
Jules Laurent Anacharsis Duprato (20 August 1827 – 20 May 1892) was a 19th-century French composer.
Biography
A student of Aimé Leborne at the Conservatoire de Paris, he won first grand prix de Rome for musical composition in 1848.
After the success of his opéra comique Les Trovatelles, performed at Salle Favart in 1854 and his operetta M'sieu Landry, premiered at Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens in 1856, expectations were high for the young composer. His following works, however, including the operas La Déesse et le Berger (1863), La Fiancée de Corinthe (1867), and Le Cerisier (1874), rapidly fell into obscurity.
He was appointed a professor of harmony at the conservatory in 1871. He published several arrangements of La Marseillaise, wrote music for male chorus and one symphony. His pupils included Robert Planquette, Georges Douay, and Antoine Simon.
His grave at Montmartre Cemetery is decorated with a medallion by sculptor Gabriel Thomas.
He was made chevalier of the Légion d'honneur in 1886.
References
Bibliography
Clauzel, Paul (1895). "Jules Duprato, compositeur. Notice biographique", Mémoires de l'Académie de Nîmes, vol. 17, pp. 191–237. Nîmes: Clavel et Chastanier.
Pierre, Constant, editor (1900). Le Conservatoire national de musique et de déclamation. Documents historiques et administratifs. Paris: Imprimerie National. Read online at Google Books.
Pougin, Arthur (1878). "Duprato (Jules-Laurent-Anacharsis)", pp. 291–292, in Biographie universelle des musiciens et Bibliographie générale de la musique par F.-J. Fétis. Supplément et complément, vol. 1. Paris: Firmin-Didot. Read online at Google Books.
Remy, Alfred (1919). Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians. New York: G. Schirmer. Read online at Google Books.
Wagstaff, John (1992). "Duprato, Jules Laurent (Anacharsis)", vol. 1, p. 1280, in The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, 4 volumes, edited by Stanley Sadie. London: Macmillan. . Also at Oxford Music Online (subscription required).
External links
French Romantic composers
French opera composers
Male opera composers
French operetta composers
Conservatoire de Paris alumni
Academic staff of the Conservatoire de Paris
Prix de Rome for composition
People from Nîmes
1827 births
1892 deaths
Burials at Montmartre Cemetery
Knights of the Legion of Honour
19th-century male musicians |
```c++
#ifndef BOOST_SERIALIZATION_ITEM_VERSION_TYPE_HPP
#define BOOST_SERIALIZATION_ITEM_VERSION_TYPE_HPP
// Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software
// path_to_url
#include <boost/cstdint.hpp> // uint_least8_t
#include <boost/integer_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/level.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/is_bitwise_serializable.hpp>
// fixes broken example build on x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-4.6.0
#include <boost/assert.hpp>
namespace boost {
namespace serialization {
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning( push )
#pragma warning( disable : 4244 4267 )
#endif
class item_version_type {
private:
typedef unsigned int base_type;
base_type t;
public:
// should be private - but MPI fails if it's not!!!
item_version_type(): t(0) {}
explicit item_version_type(const unsigned int t_) : t(t_){
BOOST_ASSERT(t_ <= boost::integer_traits<base_type>::const_max);
}
item_version_type(const item_version_type & t_) :
t(t_.t)
{}
item_version_type & operator=(item_version_type rhs){
t = rhs.t;
return *this;
}
// used for text output
operator base_type () const {
return t;
}
// used for text input
operator base_type & () {
return t;
}
bool operator==(const item_version_type & rhs) const {
return t == rhs.t;
}
bool operator<(const item_version_type & rhs) const {
return t < rhs.t;
}
};
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning( pop )
#endif
} } // end namespace boost::serialization
BOOST_IS_BITWISE_SERIALIZABLE(item_version_type)
BOOST_CLASS_IMPLEMENTATION(item_version_type, primitive_type)
#endif //BOOST_SERIALIZATION_ITEM_VERSION_TYPE_HPP
``` |
```html
{{ $product_link := "[Docker Hub](path_to_url" }}
{{ $domain_navigation := `Navigate to the domain settings page for your organization or company.
- Organization: Select **Organizations**, your organization, **Settings**, and then **Security**.
- Company: Select **Organizations**, your company, and then **Settings**.` }}
{{ if eq (.Get "product") "admin" }}
{{ $product_link = "the [Admin Console](path_to_url" }}
{{ $domain_navigation = "Select your organization or company in the left navigation drop-down menu, and then select **Domain management**." }}
{{ end }}
1. Sign in to {{ $product_link }}.
2. {{ $domain_navigation }}
3. Select **Add a domain**.
4. Continue with the on-screen instructions to get a verification code for
your domain as a **TXT Record Value**.
> [!NOTE]
>
> Format your domains without protocol or www information, for example,
> `yourcompany.example`. This should include all email domains and
> subdomains users will use to access Docker, for example
> `yourcompany.example` and `us.yourcompany.example`. Public domains such as
> `gmail.com`, `outlook.com`, etc. arent permitted.
> [!TIP]
>
> Make sure that the TXT record name that you create on your DNS matches
> the domain you registered on Docker in Step 4. For example,
> if you registered the subdomain `us.yourcompany.example`,
> you need to create a TXT record within the same name/zone `us`.
> A root domain such as `yourcompany.example` needs a TXT record on the
> root zone, which is typically denoted with the `@` name for the record.
5. Once you have waited 72 hours for the TXT record verification,
you can then select **Verify** next to the domain you've added,
and follow the on-screen instructions.
``` |
Thomas Edmund McEwan (born March 3, 1946), known as Tom McEwan, is an American whitewater kayaker. He competed internationally on the US National Wildwater Team.
Adventurer
McEwan is credited with numerous first descents including the Great Falls of the Potomac in 1975, as well as the 1973 descent of approximately 8 miles of Linville Gorge, with Jamie McEwan. He, Jamie McEwan, Andy Bridge and Wick Walker were the first to explore the Mexican whitewater on the Santa Maria in 1985.
In 1981 McEwan participated in an expedition to Bhutan with Wick Walker, Les Bechdel, Eric Evans, Jamie McEwan, with Ed Hixon in support, on the Wong Chu, Para Chu, Pho Chu, and Mo Chu.
In 1998, McEwan and his brother Jamie, Roger Zbel and Doug Gordon were the kayaking members of an expedition to run the Tsangpo Gorge, considered the "Mount Everest" of rivers. They were supported by Wick Walker, Harry and Doris Wetherbee, Paulo Castillo, and Dave Phillips. The expedition encountered unanticipated high water and ended in tragedy when teammate Doug Gordon capsized, missed his roll and died.
Educator
McEwan has served in a variety of roles as a hands-on educator, leader, and director of various summer camps, most notably Valley Mill Camp in Germantown, MD. Tom started and ran Liquid Adventures Kayak School in Cabin John, MD until 2016. His former students include a number of accomplished kayakers, such as World Cup champion Andy Bridge, Olympic gold metalist Joe Jacobi, adventurer John Weld, and University of California full professor of river science Gregory Pasternack.
McEwan's teaching style was a blend of hands-on training and leading by example. During these trips, students would follow McEwan from eddy to eddy working down rapids, but also practice a variety of unique maneuvers. McEwan taught his students to work hard at times when others would rest. For example, many whitewater reaches end in reservoirs, but rather than drifting through them, McEwan set a challenging pace for teenagers a third of his age to try to keep up with. His paddling form was influenced by experience in wildwater kayaks, and he also trained students in these unusual forms of boats.
References
Books about Tom McEwan
Wickliffe Walker (2000). Courting the Diamond Sow : A Whitewater Expedition on Tibet's Forbidden River. National Geographic Society. ASIN B001TL2O5S.
Todd Balf (2001). The Last River: The Tragic Race for Shangri-la . Three Rivers Press. .
1946 births
Living people
American male canoeists
Kayakers |
Toqua Township is a township in Big Stone County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 87 as of the 2000 census.
History
Toqua Township was organized in 1880. It took its name from the nearby Toqua lakes.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.1 square miles (90.9 km), of which 33.8 square miles (87.4 km) is land and 1.4 square miles (3.5 km) (3.85%) is water.
The city of Barry is entirely within this township geographically but is a separate entity.
Major highway
Minnesota State Highway 28
Lakes
Barry Lake
Clear Lake
Fogarty Lake
Adjacent townships
Parnell Township, Traverse County (north)
Tara Township, Traverse County (northeast)
Graceville Township (east)
Almond Township (southeast)
Prior Township (south)
Foster Township (southwest)
Browns Valley Township (west)
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 87 people, 29 households, and 22 families residing in the township. The population density was 2.6 people per square mile (1.0/km). There were 32 housing units at an average density of 0.9/sq mi (0.4/km). The racial makeup of the township was 98.85% White, and 1.15% from two or more races.
There were 29 households, out of which 41.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.6% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.7% were non-families. 20.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.00 and the average family size was 3.52.
In the township the population was spread out, with 35.6% under the age of 18, 3.4% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.4 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $38,333, and the median income for a family was $53,750. Males had a median income of $45,625 versus $28,750 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,155. There were 10.5% of families and 17.9% of the population living below the poverty line, including 21.9% of under eighteens and 16.7% of those over 64.
References
United States National Atlas
United States Census Bureau 2007 TIGER/Line Shapefiles
United States Board on Geographic Names (GNIS)
Townships in Big Stone County, Minnesota
Dakota toponyms
Townships in Minnesota |
Thomas Roper (born 6 July 1940) is a former motorcycle speedway rider from England.
Speedway career
Roper rode in the top tier of British Speedway from 1965 to 1974, riding for various clubs. He was an integral part of the Halifax Dukes team that won the double during the 1966 British League season, scoring a season average of 7.54. In 1967 he moved to Belle Vue Aces and was a member of the 1970 title winning team.
References
Living people
1940 births
British speedway riders
Belle Vue Aces riders
Halifax Dukes riders
Hull Vikings riders
Long Eaton Archers riders
Middlesbrough Bears riders
Oxford Cheetahs riders
Sheffield Tigers riders
Sportspeople from Bradford |
Thomas A. McKean is an American autistic author and lecturer. He is a poet, a singer-songwriter, an international speaker and a writer. He is the author of Soon Will Come the Light: A View From Inside the Autism Puzzle and Light On the Horizon: A Deeper View From Inside the Autism Puzzle. McKean has claimed that he did not speak until he was 16, but was able to describe how autism was like to him. He constantly fights various symptoms such as making strange noises, and says that perception of the senses causes low-intensity pain. McKean at one time earned a living traveling about and doing conferences and consulting work on autism. He has been described as having the unusual ability to be in the world of autism, yet also possesses the communication skills to describe what that world is like.
History
McKean claimed that he was never given a formal diagnosis growing up, so he was often punished, even though he knew there was something wrong with him. He spent the first half of his elementary school career in a regular classroom, then was in special-education classrooms until the sixth grade. He also claimed to be unpopular in school, and dreaded gym and recess. McKean then spent three years in a psychiatric institution starting at age 14. However, he was eventually elected to the board of the Autism Society of America in 1992. He started his advocacy career after discovering that he was on the spectrum, through attending Autism Society of America chapter meetings and receiving attention for being able to talk about his own experiences as an autistic person.
Thomas McKean was a guest on The Oprah Winfrey Show in 2001. On the show, he said that he was lonely as a child, had to learn emotions, and said that his sensitivity to certain sensations and colors was exaggerated. McKean also discussed aspects of his autism in Esquire magazine, in a section dedicated to unusual experiences.
Analysis
In Soon Will Come the Light: A View From Inside the Autism Puzzle, a winner of the Autism Society of America's Literary Achievement Award, he described the years that he faced confusion around his disorder. He also claimed to have talents in fields such as computers and technical design, in addition to his passion for writing. Janis M. Serak, a member of the Autism Society of America, Board of Directors, reviewed the book in The Advocate, the Autism Society of America's newsletter in 1994. Serak claimed that few books had been written by autistics, and that this book could be useful to parents of autistic children for its first-person portrayal of autism. Overall, he wrote that McKean had sought to understand himself better through writing.
Views on Autism and Neurodiversity
McKean believes that autism professionals need to listen more carefully to parents, and be more verbally direct about the child's difficulties. He also insists that parents and professionals should keep up on current research.
McKean once wrote an article for The Advocate about his experiences with auditory integration training for autism, claiming that it gave him mixed results. He says that it is important to ask professionals in this field about the reliability of their methods and claims.
At one point, McKean gave a first-person account about dating with autism, where various issues were discussed. He was dating a woman named Theresa who also had two autistic children, who also wrote part of the account. Theresa wrote about how his sensory issues caused difficulty with intimacy. McKean also said it was difficult to know how to understand and discipline her children. Nonetheless, they said that they wanted to put the effort into creating a strong relationship.
McKean has stated that some people who claim to have autism on the internet portray a very distorted and unrealistic view of what autism really is. He has described the politics of autism as a distraction from the therapies and support needed to treat those who have it. In his 2006 essay A Danger in Speaking that McKean questions autistic speakers that have been self-diagnosed. Critics say that this ignores the obstacles and stigma that some autistics face in getting diagnosed.
Bibliography
Soon Will Come the Light: A View from Inside the Autism Puzzle (1994, Future Horizons, Inc.; reissued 2001, Future Horizons, Inc.)
Light on the Horizon: A Deeper View from Inside the Autism Puzzle (1996, Future Horizons, Inc.)
References
External links
20th-century American non-fiction writers
Activists from Ohio
Autism activists
Writers from Columbus, Ohio
People on the autism spectrum
1965 births
Living people
20th-century American male writers
American male non-fiction writers
Parkland College alumni |
Hope is the first studio album by American hip hop duo Non-Prophets. It was released on Lex Records on September 29, 2003. The album was produced entirely by Joe Beats and all vocal duties were handled by Sage Francis. "Damage" was released as a single from the album. The album peaked at number 9 on the CMJ Hip-Hop chart.
Critical reception
Rollie Pemberton of Pitchfork gave the album a 9.2 out of 10, saying, "A highly valued reminder of the need for traditionalism in modern music, this album stands strong as one of the year's finest." Pitchfork placed it at number 19 on the "Top 50 Albums of 2003" list.
In 2012, Complex placed it at number 28 on the "30 Best Underground Hip-Hop Albums" list. In 2014, Paste included it on the "12 Classic Hip-Hop Albums That Deserve More Attention" list.
Track listing
"Bounce" is a hidden track that plays after the instrumental "Outro".
Personnel
Credits adapted from liner notes.
Sage Francis – vocals, executive production
Joe Beats – production, executive production
DJ Mek-a-lek – turntables
Sixtoo – vocal recording, engineering, mixing
Chris Warren – vocal recording, engineering, mixing
Hopestrumentals
In 2005, Joe Beats released the album's instrumental version, titled Hopestrumentals. Unlike the original version, it includes 3 bonus instrumentals and "Bounce" is not a hidden track.
References
External links
2003 debut albums
Sage Francis albums
Joe Beats albums
Lex Records albums |
```java
/*
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
* list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
* ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
* (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
* ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
package net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.NonNull;
import net.runelite.api.Varbits;
import net.runelite.api.annotations.Varbit;
import net.runelite.api.coords.LocalPoint;
import net.runelite.api.coords.WorldPoint;
import net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.ClueScrollPlugin;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.ANCIENT_WIZARDS;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.ARMADYLEAN_GUARD;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.BANDOSIAN_GUARD;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.BRASSICAN_MAGE;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.SARADOMIN_WIZARD;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.ZAMORAK_WIZARD;
import net.runelite.client.ui.overlay.OverlayUtil;
import net.runelite.client.ui.overlay.components.LineComponent;
import net.runelite.client.ui.overlay.components.PanelComponent;
import net.runelite.client.ui.overlay.components.TitleComponent;
@Getter
public class CoordinateClue extends ClueScroll implements LocationClueScroll
{
@Getter
private static class CoordinateClueInfo
{
private final String directions;
private final boolean lightRequired;
@Getter(onMethod_ = {@Varbit})
private final int lightSourceVarbitId;
private final Enemy enemy;
private CoordinateClueInfo(@NonNull String directions)
{
this(directions, null);
}
private CoordinateClueInfo(@NonNull String directions, Enemy enemy)
{
this.directions = directions;
this.enemy = enemy;
this.lightRequired = false;
this.lightSourceVarbitId = -1;
}
private CoordinateClueInfo(@Nonnull String directions, Enemy enemy, boolean lightRequired, @Varbit int lightSourceVarbitId)
{
this.directions = directions;
this.enemy = enemy;
this.lightRequired = lightRequired;
this.lightSourceVarbitId = lightSourceVarbitId;
}
}
static final ImmutableMap<WorldPoint, CoordinateClueInfo> CLUES = new ImmutableMap.Builder<WorldPoint, CoordinateClueInfo>()
// Medium
.put(new WorldPoint(2479, 3158, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of fruit tree patch, west of Tree Gnome Village."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2887, 3154, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Banana plantation on Karamja."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2743, 3151, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Entrance of Brimhaven dungeon."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3184, 3150, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Lumbridge Swamp."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3217, 3177, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Lumbridge Swamp."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3007, 3144, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Near the entrance to the Asgarnian Ice Dungeon, south of Port Sarim (AIQ)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2896, 3119, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Near Karambwan fishing spot (DKP)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2697, 3207, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Centre of Moss Giant Island, west of Brimhaven."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2679, 3110, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Hazelmere's house (CLS)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3510, 3074, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Uzer (DLQ)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3160, 3251, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of trapdoor leading to H.A.M Hideout."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2643, 3252, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Ardougne Zoo, North of Tower of Life (DJP)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2322, 3061, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-west of Castle wars (BKP)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2875, 3046, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of nature altar, north of Shilo Village (CKR)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2849, 3033, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of nature altar, north of Shilo Village (CKR)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2848, 3296, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Crandor island."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2583, 2990, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Feldip Hills, south-east of Gu'Thanoth (AKS)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3179, 3344, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("In the cow pen north of the Lumbridge windmill."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2383, 3370, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of the outpost"))
.put(new WorldPoint(3312, 3375, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-west of Exam Centre, on the hill."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3121, 3384, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Draynor Manor, near River Lum."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3430, 3388, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Mort Myre Swamp (BKR)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2920, 3403, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-east of Taverley, near Lady of the Lake."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2594, 2899, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-east of Feldip Hills, by the crimson swifts (AKS)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2387, 3435, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Tree Gnome Stronghold, near the pen containing terrorbirds."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2512, 3467, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Baxtorian Falls (Bring rope)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2381, 3468, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Tree Gnome Stronghold, north of the pen with terrorbirds."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3005, 3475, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Ice Mountain, west of Edgeville Monastery."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2585, 3505, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("By the shore line north of the Coal Trucks."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3443, 3515, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Slayer Tower (CKS)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2416, 3516, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Tree Gnome Stronghold, west of Grand Tree, near swamp."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3429, 3523, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Slayer Tower (CKS)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2363, 3531, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Eagles' Peak (AKQ)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2919, 3535, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Burthorpe pub."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3548, 3560, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Inside Fenkenstrain's Castle."))
.put(new WorldPoint(1476, 3566, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Graveyard of Heroes in west Shayzien."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2735, 3638, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Rellekka, north-west of Golden Apple Tree (AJR)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2681, 3653, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Rellekka, in the garden of the south-east house."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2537, 3881, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Miscellania (CIP)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2828, 3234, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Southern coast of Crandor."))
.put(new WorldPoint(1247, 3726, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Just inside the Farming Guild"))
.put(new WorldPoint(3770, 3898, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("On the small island north-east of Fossil Island's mushroom forest."))
.put(new WorldPoint(1659, 3111, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Dig west of the Bazaar in Civitas illa Fortis."))
// Hard
.put(new WorldPoint(2209, 3161, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Tyras Camp (BJS if 76 Agility).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2181, 3206, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Iorwerth Camp.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3081, 3209, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Small Island (CLP).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3399, 3246, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Behind the PvP Arena."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2699, 3251, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Little island (AIR).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3546, 3251, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Burgh de Rott.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3544, 3256, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Burgh de Rott.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2841, 3267, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Crandor island.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3168, 3041, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Bedabin Camp.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2542, 3031, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Gu'Tanoth, may require 20gp.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2581, 3030, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Gu'Tanoth island, enter cave north-west of Feldip Hills (AKS).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2961, 3024, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Ship yard (DKP).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2339, 3311, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Prifddinas on Arandar mountain pass.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3440, 3341, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Nature Spirit's grotto (BIP).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2763, 2974, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Cairn Isle, west of Shilo Village (CKR).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3138, 2969, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Bandit Camp in Kharidian Desert.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2924, 2963, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("On the southern part of eastern Karamja, west of the gnome glider.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2838, 2914, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Kharazi Jungle, near water pool (CKR).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3441, 3419, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Mort Myre Swamp (BKR).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2950, 2902, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-east of Kharazi Jungle.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2775, 2891, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-west of Kharazi Jungle.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3113, 3602, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. South-west of Ferox Enclave (level 11).", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2892, 3675, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("On the summit of Trollheim.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3168, 3677, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Graveyard of Shadows.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2853, 3690, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Entrance to the troll Stronghold.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3305, 3692, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. West of eastern green dragons.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3055, 3696, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Bandit Camp.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3302, 3696, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. West of eastern green dragons.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1479, 3699, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Lizardman Canyon (DJR).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2712, 3732, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Rellekka (DKS).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2970, 3749, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Forgotten Cemetery.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3094, 3764, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Mining site north of Bandit Camp.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3311, 3769, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. South of the Silk Chasm (Venenatis).", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1460, 3782, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Lovakengj, near burning man.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3244, 3792, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. South-east of Lava Dragon Isle by some Chaos Dwarves.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3140, 3804, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. North of black chinchompa hunter area.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2946, 3819, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Chaos Temple (level 38).", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3771, 3825, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Fossil Island. East of Museum Camp.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3013, 3846, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. West of Lava Maze, before KBD's lair.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3058, 3884, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Near runite ore north of Lava Maze.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3290, 3889, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Demonic Ruins.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3770, 3897, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Small Island north of Fossil Island.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2505, 3899, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Small Island north-west of Miscellania (AJS).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3285, 3942, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Rogues' Castle.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3159, 3959, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. North of Deserted Keep, west of Resource Area.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3039, 3960, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Pirates' Hideout.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2987, 3963, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. West of Wilderness Agility Course.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3189, 3963, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. North of Resource Area, near magic axe hut.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2341, 3697, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of the Piscatoris Fishing Colony bank.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3143, 3774, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("In level 32 Wilderness, by the black chinchompa hunting area.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2970, 3913, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Frozen Waste Plateau, south-west of Wilderness Agility Course.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1410, 3611, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Lake Molch dock west of Shayzien Encampment.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1409, 3483, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Shayziens' Wall.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
// Elite
.put(new WorldPoint(2357, 3151, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Lletya.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3587, 3180, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Meiyerditch.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2820, 3078, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Tai Bwo Wannai. Hardwood Grove. 100 Trading sticks or elite Karamja diary completion is needed to enter.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3811, 3060, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Small island north-east of Mos Le'Harmless.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD, true, Varbits.FIRE_PIT_MOS_LE_HARMLESS))
.put(new WorldPoint(2180, 3282, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Iorwerth Camp.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2870, 2997, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east corner in Shilo Village.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3302, 2988, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("On top of a cliff to the west of Pollnivneach.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2511, 2980, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Just south of Gu'Tanoth, west of gnome glider (AKS).", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2732, 3372, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Legends' Guild.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3573, 3425, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Dessous's tomb from Desert Treasure.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3828, 2848, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Harmony Island.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3225, 2838, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Desert Treasure pyramid.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1773, 3510, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Ruins north of the Hosidius mine.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3822, 3562, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Dragontooth Island. Bring a Ghostspeak Amulet and 25 Ecto-tokens to reach the island.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3603, 3564, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of the wrecked ship, outside of Port Phasmatys.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2936, 2721, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Eastern shore of Crash Island.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2697, 2705, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-west of Ape Atoll.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2778, 3678, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Mountain Camp.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2827, 3740, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of the entrance to the Ice Path, where the Troll child resides.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2359, 3799, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Neitiznot.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2194, 3807, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Pirates' Cove.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2700, 3808, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Northwestern part of the Trollweiss and Rellekka Hunter area (DKS).", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3215, 3835, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Lava Dragon Isle.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3369, 3894, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Fountain of Rune.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2065, 3923, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Outside the western wall on Lunar Isle.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3188, 3933, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Resource Area. An entry fee of 7,500 coins is required, or less if Wilderness Diaries have been completed.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3043, 3940, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. South of Pirates' Hideout.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3380, 3963, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. North of Volcano.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3051, 3736, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of the Wilderness Obelisk in 28 Wilderness.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2316, 3814, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Neitiznot, near the bridge.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2872, 3937, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Weiss.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2484, 4016, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Northeast corner of the Island of Stone.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2222, 3331, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Prifddinas, west of the Tower of Voices", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3560, 3987, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Lithkren. Digsite pendant teleport if unlocked, otherwise take rowboat from west of Mushroom Meadow Mushtree.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2318, 2954, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east corner of the Isle of Souls (BJP).", BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2094, 2889, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West side of the Isle of Souls.", ARMADYLEAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1451, 3509, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Ruins of Morra.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3318, 2706, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Necropolis mine", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1557, 3183, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Ortus Farm", ARMADYLEAN_GUARD))
// Master
.put(new WorldPoint(2178, 3209, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Iorwerth Camp.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2155, 3100, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Port Tyras (BJS if 76 Agility).", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2217, 3092, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Poison Waste island (DLR).", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3830, 3060, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Small island located north-east of Mos Le'Harmless.", BRASSICAN_MAGE, true, Varbits.FIRE_PIT_MOS_LE_HARMLESS))
.put(new WorldPoint(2834, 3271, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Crandor island.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2732, 3284, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Witchaven.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3622, 3320, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Meiyerditch. Outside mine.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2303, 3328, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Prifddinas.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3570, 3405, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Dessous's tomb from Desert Treasure.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2840, 3423, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Water Obelisk Island.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3604, 3564, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of the wrecked ship, outside of Port Phasmatys (ALQ).", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3085, 3569, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Obelisk of Air.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2934, 2727, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Eastern shore of Crash Island.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(1451, 3695, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West side of Lizardman Canyon with Lizardman shaman.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(2538, 3739, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Waterbirth Island. Bring a pet rock and rune thrownaxe OR have 85 agility.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(1248, 3751, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("In the north wing of the Farming Guild.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(1698, 3792, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Arceuus church.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(2951, 3820, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Chaos Temple (level 38).", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(2202, 3825, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Pirates' Cove, between Lunar Isle and Rellekka.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(1761, 3853, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Arceuus essence mine (CIS).", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2090, 3863, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Lunar Isle, west of Astral altar.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(1442, 3878, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Northern area of the Lovakengj Sulphur Mine. Facemask or Slayer Helmet recommended.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3380, 3929, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Near Volcano.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(3188, 3939, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Resource Area.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3304, 3941, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. East of Rogues' Castle.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(3028, 3928, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. South-east of Agility Training Area.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(1769, 3418, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Crabclaw Isle", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.build();
private final String text;
@Getter(AccessLevel.PRIVATE)
private final WorldPoint location;
/**
* For regions which are mirrored, the location of the clue in the mirrored region.
*/
@Nullable
private final WorldPoint mirrorLocation;
public CoordinateClue(String text, WorldPoint location, WorldPoint mirrorLocation)
{
this.text = text;
this.location = location;
this.mirrorLocation = mirrorLocation;
final CoordinateClueInfo clueInfo = CLUES.get(location);
if (clueInfo != null)
{
setFirePitVarbitId(clueInfo.getLightSourceVarbitId());
setRequiresLight(clueInfo.lightRequired);
setEnemy(clueInfo.getEnemy());
}
setRequiresSpade(true);
}
@Override
public WorldPoint getLocation(ClueScrollPlugin plugin)
{
return location;
}
@Override
public WorldPoint[] getLocations(ClueScrollPlugin plugin)
{
if (mirrorLocation != null)
{
return new WorldPoint[]{location, mirrorLocation};
}
else
{
return new WorldPoint[]{location};
}
}
@Override
public void makeOverlayHint(PanelComponent panelComponent, ClueScrollPlugin plugin)
{
panelComponent.getChildren().add(TitleComponent.builder().text("Coordinate Clue").build());
final CoordinateClueInfo solution = CLUES.get(location);
if (solution != null)
{
panelComponent.getChildren().add(LineComponent.builder()
.left(solution.getDirections())
.build());
panelComponent.getChildren().add(LineComponent.builder().build());
}
panelComponent.getChildren().add(LineComponent.builder()
.left("Click the clue scroll on your world map to see dig location.")
.build());
renderOverlayNote(panelComponent, plugin);
}
@Override
public void makeWorldOverlayHint(Graphics2D graphics, ClueScrollPlugin plugin)
{
for (WorldPoint worldPoint : getLocations(plugin))
{
LocalPoint localLocation = LocalPoint.fromWorld(plugin.getClient(), worldPoint);
if (localLocation != null)
{
OverlayUtil.renderTileOverlay(plugin.getClient(), graphics, localLocation, plugin.getSpadeImage(), Color.ORANGE);
}
}
}
@Override
public int[] getConfigKeys()
{
return new int[]{location.hashCode()};
}
}
``` |
Gladiolus tristis is a species of gladiolus known by several common names, including ever-flowering gladiolus and marsh Afrikaner. It is native to southern Africa, especially South Africa. It is known in parts of Australia and coastal California as an introduced species. It is sometimes grown as a garden plant. This gladiolus typically grows one half to one metre in height, but has been known to approach 1.5 metres tall. It grows from a corm one or two centimetres wide. It produces three narrow, sheathing leaves. The inflorescence is a spike of two to eight large, fragrant blooms. Each flower has six white or cream tepals with greenish or purplish midlines. The flowers are said to have a scent similar to carnations and cloves. Not all individuals possess scent because the allele for its presence is recessive in relation to the allele for its absence.
References
External links
Jepson Manual Treatment
USDA Plants Profile
Gladiolus tristis
tristis
Plants described in 1762
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
Bátaszék (, ) is a town in Tolna County, Hungary. The majority residents are Hungarians, with a minority of Serbs.
"The oldest tree of Bátaszék" won the title of European Tree of the Year 2016.
The Roman Catholic writer Miklós Bátori was born in Bátaszék.
History
During World War II, Bátaszék was captured on 28 November 1944 by Red Army troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front in the course of the Budapest Offensive.
Sport
Bátaszéki SE, association football club
Twin towns — sister cities
Bátaszék is twinned with:
Besigheim, Germany
Ditrău, Romania
Tekovské Lužany, Slovakia
Gallery
References
External links
Street map
Populated places in Tolna County
Serb communities in Hungary
Hungarian German communities |
Everything Leads Back to You is a studio album by Slim Whitman, released in 1971 on United Artists Records.
Track listing
The album was issued in the United States by United Artists Records as a 12-inch long-playing record, catalog number UA-LA513-G.
Charts
References
1975 albums
Slim Whitman albums
United Artists Records albums
Albums produced by Pete Drake |
Subsets and Splits
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