text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
```objective-c
/* $OpenBSD: utvfu.h,v 1.5 2021/11/24 22:03:05 mglocker Exp $ */
/*
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer,
* without modification.
* 2. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
* derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* Alternatively, this software may be distributed under the terms of the
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
* OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* Fushicai USBTV007 Audio-Video Grabber Driver
*
* Product web site:
* path_to_url
*
* No physical hardware was harmed running Windows during the
* reverse-engineering activity
*/
#ifndef _UTVFU_H_
#define _UTVFU_H_
#include <sys/rwlock.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <sys/videoio.h>
/* Hardware. */
#define UTVFU_VIDEO_ENDP 0x81
#define UTVFU_AUDIO_ENDP 0x83
#define UTVFU_BASE 0xc000
#define UTVFU_REQUEST_REG 12
#define UTVFU_DFLT_IFACE_IDX 0
#define UTVFU_ALT_IFACE_IDX 1
/*
* Number of concurrent isochronous urbs submitted.
* Higher numbers was seen to overly saturate the USB bus.
*/
#define UTVFU_ISOC_TRANSFERS 3
#define UTVFU_CHUNK_SIZE 256
#define UTVFU_CHUNK 240
#define UTVFU_AUDIO_URBSIZE 20480
#define UTVFU_AUDIO_HDRSIZE 4
#define UTVFU_AUDIO_BUFFER 65536
#define UTVFU_COMPOSITE_INPUT 0
#define UTVFU_SVIDEO_INPUT 1
/* Chunk header. */
#define UTVFU_MAGIC(hdr) (hdr & 0xff000000U)
#define UTVFU_MAGIC_OK(hdr) ((hdr & 0xff000000U) == 0x88000000U)
#define UTVFU_FRAME_ID(hdr) ((hdr & 0x00ff0000U) >> 16)
#define UTVFU_ODD(hdr) ((hdr & 0x0000f000U) >> 15)
#define UTVFU_CHUNK_NO(hdr) (hdr & 0x00000fffU)
#define UTVFU_TV_STD (V4L2_STD_525_60 | V4L2_STD_PAL)
/* parameters for supported TV norms */
struct utvfu_norm_params {
v4l2_std_id norm;
int cap_width;
int cap_height;
int frame_len;
};
#define UTVFU_MAX_BUFFERS 32
struct utvfu_mmap {
SIMPLEQ_ENTRY(utvfu_mmap) q_frames;
uint8_t *buf;
struct v4l2_buffer v4l2_buf;
};
typedef SIMPLEQ_HEAD(, utvfu_mmap) q_mmap;
struct utvfu_frame_buf {
uint off;
uint size;
uint16_t chunks_done;
uint8_t fid;
uint8_t last_odd;
uint8_t *buf;
};
#define UTVFU_NFRAMES_MAX 40
struct utvfu_isoc_xfer {
struct utvfu_softc *sc;
struct usbd_xfer *xfer;
uint16_t size[UTVFU_NFRAMES_MAX];
};
struct utvfu_vs_iface {
struct usbd_pipe *pipeh;
uint32_t psize;
struct utvfu_isoc_xfer ixfer[UTVFU_ISOC_TRANSFERS];
};
struct utvfu_as_iface {
struct usbd_pipe *pipeh;
struct usbd_xfer *xfer;
};
struct utvfu_audio_chan {
uint8_t *start;
uint8_t *end;
uint8_t *cur;
int blksize;
void *intr_arg;
void (*intr)(void *);
struct utvfu_as_iface iface;
struct rwlock rwlock;
};
/* Per-device structure. */
struct utvfu_softc {
struct device sc_dev;
struct usbd_device *sc_udev;
struct usbd_interface *sc_uifaceh;
/* audio & video device */
struct device *sc_audiodev;
struct device *sc_videodev;
int sc_flags;
#define UTVFU_FLAG_MMAP 0x01
#define UTVFU_FLAG_AS_RUNNING 0x02
int sc_normi;
int sc_nchunks;
int sc_input;
int sc_max_frame_sz;
int sc_nframes;
struct utvfu_vs_iface sc_iface;
struct utvfu_frame_buf sc_fb;
struct utvfu_audio_chan sc_audio;
/* mmap */
struct utvfu_mmap sc_mmap[UTVFU_MAX_BUFFERS];
uint8_t *sc_mmap_buffer;
q_mmap sc_mmap_q;
int sc_mmap_bufsz;
int sc_mmap_count;
/* uplayer */
void *sc_uplayer_arg;
int *sc_uplayer_fsize;
uint8_t *sc_uplayer_fbuffer;
void (*sc_uplayer_intr)(void *);
};
int utvfu_max_frame_size(void);
int utvfu_set_regs(struct utvfu_softc *, const uint16_t regs[][2], int);
void utvfu_image_chunk(struct utvfu_softc *, u_char *);
int utvfu_configure_for_norm(struct utvfu_softc *, v4l2_std_id);
int utvfu_start_capture(struct utvfu_softc *);
int utvfu_mmap_queue(struct utvfu_softc *, uint8_t *, int);
void utvfu_read(struct utvfu_softc *, uint8_t *, int);
void utvfu_audio_decode(struct utvfu_softc *, int);
int utvfu_audio_start(struct utvfu_softc *);
int utvfu_audio_stop(struct utvfu_softc *);
int utvfu_audio_start_chip(struct utvfu_softc *);
int utvfu_audio_stop_chip(struct utvfu_softc *);
#endif
``` |
```java
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
*/
package org.dartlang.vm.service.consumer;
// This is a generated file.
import org.dartlang.vm.service.element.AllocationProfile;
@SuppressWarnings({"WeakerAccess", "unused"})
public interface AllocationProfileConsumer extends Consumer {
void received(AllocationProfile response);
}
``` |
Rickardsson is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Daniel Rickardsson (born 1982), Swedish cross-country skier
Tony Rickardsson (born 1970), Swedish motorcycle speedway rider
Swedish-language surnames |
The Battle of Pickett's Mill (May 27, 1864) was fought in Paulding County, Georgia, between Union forces under Major General William Tecumseh Sherman and Confederate forces led by General Joseph E. Johnston during the Atlanta Campaign in the American Civil War. Sherman sent Brigadier General Thomas J. Wood's division, supported by other formations, to turn Johnston's right flank, but the Federals were repulsed with heavy casualties when they ran into tenacious Confederate opposition. Author Ambrose Bierce, an eyewitness, later wrote an account of the battle titled The Crime at Pickett's Mill.
Earlier in May 1864, Sherman's army successfully compelled the Confederate Army of Tennessee to fall back to a strong defensive position at Allatoona Pass. Unwilling to attack Johnston's lines frontally, Sherman attempted a wide sweep around the Confederate western flank. Johnston quickly shifted his army southwest to block the move, and Sherman's first thrust at his opponent's defenses was defeated at New Hope Church. Both sides entrenched their positions. A day after Sherman's troops were beaten at Pickett's Mill, the Confederates launched an attack on the Union right flank which was repelled at Dallas. The two armies faced each other in the New Hope Church and Dallas lines until Sherman extended his left flank toward the railroad, compelling Johnston to retreat to a new position on June 4.
Background
Union Army
In the Atlanta campaign, William T. Sherman commanded a force made up of three armies drawn from the Military Division of the Mississippi. On April 30, 1864, the Army of the Cumberland led by Major General George H. Thomas included 73,000 troops and 130 guns, the Army of the Tennessee under Major General James B. McPherson numbered 24,500 soldiers and 96 guns, and the Army of the Ohio directed by Major General John Schofield reported 11,362 infantry, 2,197 cavalry, and 28 guns. Sherman's forces were supported by 25,000 non-combatants consisting of railroad employees and repair crews, teamsters, medical staff, and Black camp servants. Thomas' army was made up of Major General Oliver Otis Howard's IV Corps, Major General John M. Palmer's XIV Corps, Major General Joseph Hooker's XX Corps, and the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Cavalry Divisions led by Brigadier Generals Edward M. McCook, Kenner Garrard, and Hugh Judson Kilpatrick, respectively. McPherson's army consisted of Major General John A. Logan's XV Corps and Brigadier General Grenville M. Dodge's Left Wing of the XVI Corps. Major General Francis Preston Blair Jr.'s XVII Corps joined McPherson's army on June 8. Schofield's small army included his own XXIII Corps and a cavalry division led by Major General George Stoneman. The IV and XX Corps each counted 20,000 soldiers, the XIV Corps had 22,000, the XV Corps numbered 11,500, and the XVI and XVII Corps each included about 10,000 men.
Confederate Army
Johnston's Army of Tennessee consisted of two infantry corps led by Lieutenant Generals William J. Hardee and John Bell Hood, and a cavalry corps under Major General Joseph Wheeler. Johnston's army was soon reinforced by the corps of Lieutenant General Leonidas Polk and the cavalry division of Brigadier General William Hicks Jackson from the Army of Mississippi. Hardee's corps included the divisions of Major Generals William B. Bate, Benjamin F. Cheatham, Patrick Cleburne, and William H. T. Walker. Hood's corps was made up of the divisions of Major Generals Thomas C. Hindman, Carter L. Stevenson, and Alexander P. Stewart. Polk's corps had the divisions of Major Generals Samuel Gibbs French and William Wing Loring, and Brigadier General James Cantey. On April 30, 1864, Johnston's Army of Tennessee reported 41,279 infantry, 8,436 cavalry, and 3,227 artillerymen serving 144 guns. Battles and Leaders calculated Johnston's reinforcements as follows: Brigadier General Hugh W. Mercer's brigade (2,800) on May 2, Cantey's division (5,300) on May 7, Loring's division (5,145) on May 10–12, French's detachment (550) on May 12, Jackson's cavalry (4,477) on May 17, French's division (4,174) on May 19, Brigadier General William Andrew Quarles' brigade (2,200) on May 26, and a 643-man detachment of Jackson's cavalry on June 10. Other reinforcements came from two Georgia state regiments (1,200), men returned from furlough, recruits, and returned deserters. There were about 8,000 non-combatants supporting Johnston's army, mostly men unfit for combat.
Operations
The Atlanta campaign began with the Battle of Rocky Face Ridge on May 5–9, 1864, when Sherman sent McPherson's two corps to turn Johnston's defenses from the west while Thomas and Schofield demonstrated frontally. Outflanked, Johnston retreated and fought the Battle of Resaca on 13–16 May, by which time Polk's corps began arriving. With his western flank menaced, Johnston withdrew again and Union troops captured Rome. At the Battle of Cassville on May 19, Johnston planned to counterattack part of Sherman's widely-spread army, but timing was ruined when McCook's cavalry appeared in an unexpected location. Johnston then took up a defensive position south of Cassville. Hood and Polk argued that the Cassville line was vulnerable to Union artillery fire, so Johnston retreated to Allatoona Pass on the night of May 19–20. Finding Johnston's position too strong to directly attack, Sherman decided to make another maneuver around Johnston's western flank. After pausing operations for three days, Sherman sent McPherson's right wing south to Van Wert and then east toward Dallas. Thomas's army formed Sherman's center and Schofield's corps his left.
At the start of the latest Union maneuver, Sherman ordered 20 days rations be carried in his wagons because they were leaving the proximity of the railroad. Thomas' army crossed the Etowah River and marched through Euharlee and Stilesboro, while Brigadier General Jefferson C. Davis' 2nd Division, XIV Corps, which was detached at Rome, joined the movement of McPherson's wing. Blair's XVII Corps was approaching from the north, but had not yet joined Sherman. Garrard's cavalry preceded McPherson's columns, McCook's cavalry covered Thomas' front, Stoneman's cavalry headed Schofield's columns, and Kilpatrick's cavalry watched the railroad north of the Etowah. Johnston received news of Sherman's move from Jackson's cavalry, and on the afternoon of May 23, he ordered Hardee's corps to march to Dallas and Polk's corps to follow. On May 24, Johnston ordered Hood's corps to join the others. By May 25, Johnston's army was positioned so that Hardee's corps was on the left near Dallas and Hood's corps was on the right at New Hope Church. Polk's corps was posted to the left of Hood, with a lightly defended gap between Polk and Hardee.
Hooker's XX Corps led the advance of Thomas' Army of the Cumberland. When it reached Pumpkinvine Creek at Owen's Mill, the Federals drove off some Confederates who were trying to burn the bridge. Strongly resisted by three Confederate regiments, Brigadier General John W. Geary's 2nd Division pressed forward until it came into contact with Hood's corps at New Hope Church. It was 5 pm before Hooker was able to reinforce Geary with the divisions of Brigadier General Alpheus S. Williams (1st) and Major General Daniel Butterfield (3rd). Each of the three divisions were formed into brigade columns, that is, with the leading brigade deployed and the two other brigades of the division directly behind it. In the Battle of New Hope Church on May 25, Hooker's divisions repeatedly assaulted the ridge that Hood's troops defended, but without success. The battle lasted three hours, and during its last hour a thunderstorm rumbled overhead. Hooker admitted sustaining losses of 1,665 killed and wounded in a place the Union troops began calling the "Hell Hole". Stewart's division, which was the main defending force, reported losing 300–400 casualties.
The leading unit of Howard's IV Corps, which was Brigadier General John Newton's 2nd Division, arrived in the area of New Hope Church at 6 pm and was placed in line on the left of Hooker's corps. By the morning of May 26, Howard's entire corps was fully deployed. Regarding Palmer's XIV Corps, Brigadier General Absalom Baird's 3rd Division was assigned to guard Thomas' wagon train at Burnt Hickory and Brigadier General Richard W. Johnson's 1st Division was placed in reserve behind Hooker. On the morning of May 26, McPherson's two corps occupied Dallas and confronted Hardee's corps about farther east. McPherson deployed Logan's XV Corps on the right, Dodge's XVI Corps in the center, and Davis' XIV Corps division on the left. Between Davis and Hooker, there was a lightly defended area. Schofield's XXIII Corps left Brigadier General Alvin Peterson Hovey's division to watch the wagon train and proceeded with the divisions of Brigadier Generals Jacob Dolson Cox and Milo S. Hascall. Schofield's corps reached the battlefield after an all night march in the rain. During the night, Schofield was injured when his horse fell into a ravine, so Cox temporarily assumed command of the corps. In the morning, Sherman directed the corps to the left of Howard's corps and, after marching by compass through thick woods, it came into line near Brown's saw-mill. At this point, the XXIII Corps and the left of the IV Corps made a right wheel to face toward the Confederate defensive positions. On May 26, both sides entrenched and the day was notable for the continuous skirmishing that took place between the two sides.
Battle
The maneuver
Sherman decided to turn Johnston's right flank. Aware of his numerical superiority, and with both armies entrenched, Sherman decided that he could assemble some of his troops and use them to outflank the Confederate defenses. In addition, by extending his left flank northward, Sherman was able to get closer to the railroad line. Also on May 26, McCook's cavalry bested Wheeler's horsemen in a skirmish, capturing 50 Confederates. This clash seemed to indicate that Johnston's right flank was only defended by cavalry.
On May 27, the artillery of Schofield, Howard, and Hooker bombarded the Confederate defenses starting at dawn, and the opposing batteries replied. Sherman wanted Howard, supported by Schofield's divisions, to thrust at what he believed to be Johnston's right flank while McPherson pressed back the Confederate left flank. At dawn, Howard withdrew Thomas J. Wood's division (IV Corps) from its newly-dug trenches and replaced it with David S. Stanley's division. As Wood's division marched north, Thomas and Howard conducted a reconnaissance of the location where Sherman wanted to attack. Finding that the assault would have to cross an open field subject to Confederate cross fire, Thomas instructed Howard to shift the assault location farther north, to the left of Schofield's lines. Thomas also detached Johnson's 1st Division from XIV Corps so that it could support Wood's attack. Furious that first Davis' and now Johnson's divisions were taken away from him, Palmer threatened to resign command of XIV Corps, and Thomas had to talk him out of it.
At 11 am, Wood's division was formed into a column of brigades with each brigade formed into two lines, so that the division was deployed into six lines, one behind the other. Johnson's division was formed into a similar column. The Union divisions marched through forests so dense that Wood gave the colonel of his leading regiment a compass to guide the movement. After marching , Howard ordered Wood's and Johnson's columns to turn to the right and prepare to attack. Wood's skirmishers went forward and discovered entrenched Confederates in front, so Howard decided to attack farther north. Howard ordered Brigadier General Nathaniel McLean's brigade to support Wood's right flank; McLean's command was the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, XXIII Corps. The crucial defense of McLean's brigade at the Second Battle of Bull Run may have prevented a Union catastrophe, but bad blood existed between McLean and Howard. Historian Albert Castel asserted, "Of all the brigade commanders in Sherman's army, a worse one to assist in Howard's attack could not have been found." Howard blamed McLean among others for the disaster to XI Corps at the Battle of Chancellorsville and McLean detested Howard for it.
Earlier, Johnston transferred Cleburne's division from Hardee's corps to the extreme right flank. On Cleburne's left was Hindman's division of Hood's corps. Cleburne's division was entrenched with the brigades of Brigadier Generals Mark Perrin Lowrey and Daniel Govan in the front line and the brigades of Brigadier Generals Lucius E. Polk and Hiram B. Granbury in reserve. Govan's scouts reported Howard's movement to Johnston, who ordered probes of the Federal lines, believing that Sherman was making a general retreat to the railroad. These probes captured some Union skirmishers but quickly discovered that Sherman's defenses were well-manned. With this information, Johnston realized that Sherman was trying to turn his right flank. He directed Hindman's troops to shift to their right and ordered Stewart's division to help Cleburne. At this time, McPherson notified Sherman that the Confederate troops in front of him were strongly entrenched. Sherman finally understood that Johnston blocked his plan to sweep around the Confederate western flank. Sherman quickly discarded his original strategy and replaced it with a plan to move northeast to the railroad.
The attack
After marching an additional , Wood's and Johnson's troops reached a north-flowing stream called Pickett's Mill Creek. This tributary of Pumpkinvine Creek was named after a nearby grist mill, owned by Malachi Pickett. Howard and Wood conducted another reconnaissance and discovered Confederates digging trenches, but the entrenchments did not extend to the left. Howard ordered Wood and Johnson to swing their divisions to the right, and directed McLean to make a false attack which was designed to draw fire away from Wood's real attack. Wood rapidly formed his division for assault, but both Johnson and McLean moved their commands very slowly. At 3:35 pm, Howard sent a courier notifying his superior Thomas that he was, "turning the enemy's right flank, I think". Thomas' reply arrived at 4 pm to go ahead with the attack. Even so, Howard hesitated until Wood asked, "Are the orders still to attack?" Howard gave the order to attack.
Wood's division consisted of the brigades of Colonel William Harvey Gibson (1st), Brigadier General William Babcock Hazen (2nd), and Colonel Frederick Knefler (3rd). At 4:30 pm, Wood ordered Hazen's brigade, which was in front, to advance. Wood remarked to Howard, "We will put in Hazen, and see what success he has," and Howard agreed. Previously, Hazen believed that Wood's entire division would attack, but he realized that his 1,500-man brigade was going to assault unsupported. Hazen glanced at his staff officer Ambrose Bierce who instantly knew that a "criminal blunder" was about to happen. All mounted officers sent their horses to the rear and went forward on foot, with Hazen guiding his brigade with a compass because the woods and underbrush were so dense. Hazen's men soon encountered about 1,000 dismounted cavalrymen from the divisions of Brigadier Generals John H. Kelly and William Y. C. Humes.
The Confederate cavalrymen gamely fought back, but they were deployed in a long skirmish line and Hazen's infantry forced them to give way. Hazen's troops reached a ravine and saw a ridgeline ahead of them about away. As Hazen's soldiers surged forward to seize the ridge, Granbury's Texas brigade reached the spot ahead of them. Warned that Federals were about to turn his right flank, Cleburne sent Granbury's brigade to help the outmatched cavalrymen. The Texans took cover and opened fire on the approaching Union troops, inflicting many casualties. Some of Hazen's men called out, "Ah, damn you, we have caught you without your logs", as they rushed forward. Hazen's men got within of Granbury's line before they were forced to take cover and return fire. Blocked in front, Hazen swung his second line regiments toward a cornfield on the left. Seeing the cavalrymen on his right getting overpowered, Granbury asked for help from Govan's brigade. Govan sent the consolidated 8th and 19th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, and it drove back some of the Federals who were pressing the cavalry. Next, Cleburne deployed Lowrey's brigade on Granbury's right flank where it repelled more of Hazen's troops. Unfortunately for Hazen and his men, no units from Johnson's division appeared to support his attack.
With his soldiers taking heavy losses and running low on ammunition, Hazen frantically sent messages to his superiors asking for reinforcements. No help came and neither Wood nor Howard ever explained why. After 50 minutes, the Union survivors spontaneously withdrew; Hazen made no effort to stop them. Finally, with Hazen's attack completely spent, Wood ordered Gibson's brigade forward, thinking that "a second effort might be more successful". Gibson's men were stopped by the same intense rifle and artillery fire. Johnson's 1st Division, XIV Corps was made up of the brigades of William Carlin (1st), John H. King (2nd), and Benjamin F. Scribner (3rd). Scribner's brigade finally showed up on Gibson's left, but was quickly pinned down by enfilade rifle fire from Kelly's dismounted cavalrymen. On Gibson's right, McLean's troops displayed no activity, so Key's Arkansas Battery and another artillery unit swung their guns to the right and blasted Gibson's hapless soldiers.
Captain Cyrus Askew of the 15th Ohio Infantry Regiment went to the rear to ask for reinforcements and found Wood and Gibson. After Howard rode up and asked Askew for a report, a shell landed nearby. Howard threw up the stump of his amputated arm and shouted, "I am afraid to look down". It turned out that a shell fragment knocked off the heel of Howard's boot, but his foot was not maimed as he feared. Even so, Howard's foot was badly bruised, leaving him unable to walk or ride a horse. Meanwhile, after an hour of futile attempts to capture the ridge, Gibson's troops pulled back. They joined Hazen's men in the rear who were complaining that they had been "sold out". At 6 pm, Howard received a message from Thomas, saying that Sherman canceled the attack at 5:15 pm and ordered him to only defend. Howard ordered Wood to send Knefler's brigade forward to hold the Confederates in check until entrenchments were dug. Knefler's brigade advanced at 6:30 pm and blundered into the ravine where it was struck by intense fire. Pulling back, Knefler's men plus the 37th Indiana and 78th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiments from Scribner's brigade took a position where they exchanged fire with the Confederates until nightfall.
After dark, Knefler's men went forward to retrieve as many wounded Union soldiers from the ravine as possible. Among other casualties, Johnson was grazed by a shell and handed command of his division to King. At 10 pm Knefler got the order to pull back, since the defense line was completed. At the same time, Granbury ordered his men to charge into the ravine to drive off any remaining Union soldiers. In the pitch dark, few soldiers were hit by bullets, but Granbury's Texans captured numerous Federals and chased others away. Then Granbury's troops fell back to the ridge. That night, a veteran of many battles from the Texas brigade was assigned to picket duty in the ravine. At dawn, he was so sickened by the carnage that he had to leave. He noted that many of the Federal gunshot victims were struck in the head.
Aftermath
Cleburne's division reported sustaining 448 casualties, mostly in Granbury's brigade. The Union soldiers suffered a loss of 1,600 killed, wounded, and missing. The American Battlefield Trust estimated losses at 500 Confederate and 1,600 Union. Normally, the killed-to-wounded ratio in Civil War battles was one-to-five. In this battle, the number of killed in Wood's division was extraordinarily high, probably because many of the dead were shot repeatedly. The Confederates found one corpse with 47 bullet holes. Hazen's brigade lost 467 casualties, Gibson's brigade lost 681, and Knefler's brigade lost 250, mainly prisoners. Scribner's brigade lost 125 of which 102 were from the 37th Indiana and 78th Pennsylvania. About 70 wounded and 140 unwounded Union soldiers were captured by the Confederates. Georgia State Parks credited Union forces with 14,000 troops and Confederate forces with 10,000 soldiers.
Cox acknowledged that Wood's troops were assailed by fire from Cleburne's division in front, Hindman's division on their right, and cavalry on their left. Even so, Cox believed that if Johnson had ordered Scribner to push straight on, while fending off the Confederate cavalry with another one of his brigades, the attack might have succeeded. Cox admitted that some "mistake" prevented McLean's brigade from having any effect. Castel pointed out that a crack Confederate brigade on favorable terrain, supported by two more brigades, dismounted cavalry, and artillery, could be expected to repulse two Union brigades attacking piecemeal.
Hascall's division on Schofield's left flank was initially drawn back at an angle. During Wood's attack, Hascall wheeled his division to the right and McLean's brigade was used to fill the gap between Wood's right and Hascall's left. By this time, Sherman thoroughly committed himself to the strategy of moving to his left (northeast) in the direction of the railroad. An added spur to this strategy was the discovery that his soldiers were not getting enough food. Even though the wagon train carried 20 days of food, the sparse road net and the distance to the Union forward base at Kingston did not allow the food to be distributed to the soldiers efficiently.
Hood's corps spent the night of May 27–28 marching to attack Sherman's new left flank. At 6 am on May 28, scouts from Wheeler's cavalry reported that the Federals were waiting behind breastworks, so Johnston called off the attack. That day, Johnston directed Hardee to order Bate's left flank division to probe McPherson's lines to find out if the Union troops were still present. At 3:45 pm, Bate's division and Brigadier General Frank Crawford Armstrong's dismounted cavalry brigade launched an attack on lines manned by Logan's XV Corps. Bate's botched assault in the Battle of Dallas resulted in over 1,000 Confederates getting shot, while Logan admitted only 379 casualties. Ironically, Sherman had ordered McPherson to shift to the left on the night of May 28–29.
After various delays, Sherman's shift to the left finally began and on June 1, Stoneman's cavalry occupied Allatoona. This allowed Sherman's railroad crews to proceed with repairing the track. On June 2, Schofield's XXIII Corps pressed forward on the extreme left flank until it encountered Confederate entrenchments near Allatoona Creek. On June 3, Union cavalry under McCook and Stoneman seized Acworth on the railroad. On the same day, Hooker's XX Corps extended Sherman's left flank farther to the left of Schofield. On the night of June 4–5, Johnston abandoned his line of field fortifications based on New Hope Church and retreated to a new line running northeast from Lost Mountain to Pine Mountain to Brushy Mountain. The next major clash occurred at the Battle of Gilgal Church on June 15.
Between May 23 and June 6, including the fighting at New Hope Church, Pickett's Mill, and Dallas, Sherman's forces suffered 4,500 casualties while Johnston's army lost 3,000. Confederate morale, which sagged after the early May retreats, was uplifted by Johnston's defensive victories. Since the start of the campaign, Sherman's three armies sustained about 12,000 casualties out of a total of 100,000 men, while Johnston's army lost about 9,000 out of an estimated 65,000–75,000 men.
Noted author Ambrose Bierce fought for the Union as a topographical engineer at Pickett's Mill. Bierce's short story The Crime at Pickett's Mill is an eyewitness account of this battle.
Battlefield today
The address of Pickett's Mill Battlefield Historic Site is 4432 Mount Tabor Church Road, Dallas, Georgia 30157. It is now preserved as a Georgia state park in excellent condition. The site includes a visitor center, earthworks used by Union and Confederate troops, a pioneer cabin, and hiking trails.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Primary source
This is a first-person account of the battle.
External links
Pickett's Mill at Civil War Virtual Tours
Battle of Pickett's Mill
Paulding County Historical Society & Museum
Pickett's Mill Battlefield Historic Site photos from GeorgiaInfo: an Online Georgia Almanac
The Ambrose Bierce Project
The Crime at Pickett's Mill by Ambrose Bierce.
Atlanta campaign
Battles of the Western Theater of the American Civil War
Confederate victories of the American Civil War
Battles of the American Civil War in Georgia (U.S. state)
Battle of Pickett's Mill
Conflicts in 1864
1864 in Georgia (U.S. state)
May 1864 events |
María Joséfa Laria Hernández (born May 7, 1959, in Havana, Cuba) is a Cuban-American journalist, musician, novelist and television personality. A pianist, she is better known by United States audiences as the presenter of the Telemundo Internacional television talk-show, "Cara a Cara con María Laria", which was shown for many years.
Early life
Laria is the daughter of Amaro Lauria and Ofelia Hernández. Born in Cuba, Laria was exposed to multiple cultures from a young age, as she and her family moved around a lot, first to New Mexico when she was 5 years old, and then to Miami, Florida, before setting in Puerto Rico. In Puerto Rico, Laria studied music, as she was a student at the Conservatorio de Música de Puerto Rico.
Career
In October 1990, Laria's show, "Cara a Cara con María Laria" ("Face to Face with María Laria") debuted on Telemundo's U.S.A. network. Initially, magazines such as Entertainment Weekly compared Laria to Oprah Winfrey. The show lasted a number of seasons.
Among her show's best known episodes were one where she interviewed Mexican actress and singer Lucia Mendez, and one where she interviewed Antonio Pedro, a Mexican man who claimed to be legendary singer Pedro Infante.
During that time, Laria earned various honors by the United States' government, including the declaring of "María Laria day" by Los Angeles mayor Tom Bradley. Her show, which was initially recorded from Los Angeles, was moved by Telemundo from that city to Miami, Florida, and it was considered a competitor to Cristina Saralegui's Univision's "Show de Cristina". But, after "Cara a Cara con María Laria" was cancelled by Telemundo, Laria moved to Spain, where she began hosting a series of new television talk shows.
Later, during the late 2000s, Laria hosted a television show named "Arrebatados" ("Snatched Away Ones", but which literally translates better to "Crazed Ones") on the America TV television channel; the show was cancelled in 2018 after a decade on the air. That year (2018) was a bad year personally for Laria (see below).
Musical career
A trained musician as a pianist, Laria has released one album in both vinyl and CD formats, the piano music album "Pianissimo" (1998), which was re-released in 2010 as "Pianissimo...live from Jordan Hall".
Writing career
In 2015, Laria became a novelist, releasing a book named "Fear of Love", about a male pianist named "Jean Claude", who experiences fame and success but feels lonely until he meets ballet dancer "Paulina".
Radio career
Since 2018, Laria has hosted a radio show named "María Laria: Bajo el Sol" ("María Laria: Under the Sun") on a radio station named La Poderosa FM.
Personal life
Laria married Vietnam War veteran Carlos Ceballos late in the 1970s. In 2018, after a 40-year marriage, Laria lost her husband to an unspecified disease. After his passing, she set up a Gofundme account to cover funeral costs. In it, she called the moment the worst of her life.
2018 was a very bad year for Laria: not only did her husband die, but so did her mom, and her television show, "Arrebatados", was cancelled after being transmitted for ten years.
See also
List of Cubans
References
1959 births
Living people
People from Havana
Entertainers from Los Angeles
People from Miami
Cuban emigrants to Puerto Rico
Cuban emigrants to the United States
Cuban television personalities
Cuban writers
Cuban musicians
American musicians
American people of Cuban descent |
```go
//go:build !race
// +build !race
package gorilla
import (
"bytes"
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
"net/http"
"testing"
"time"
"github.com/luraproject/lura/v2/config"
"github.com/luraproject/lura/v2/logging"
"github.com/luraproject/lura/v2/proxy"
"github.com/luraproject/lura/v2/transport/http/server"
)
func TestDefaultFactory_ok(t *testing.T) {
buff := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 1024))
logger, err := logging.NewLogger("ERROR", buff, "pref")
if err != nil {
t.Error("building the logger:", err.Error())
return
}
ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
defer func() {
cancel()
time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
}()
r := DefaultFactory(noopProxyFactory(map[string]interface{}{"supu": "tupu"}), logger).NewWithContext(ctx)
expectedBody := "{\"supu\":\"tupu\"}"
serviceCfg := config.ServiceConfig{
Port: 8082,
Endpoints: []*config.EndpointConfig{
{
Endpoint: "/get/{id}",
Method: "GET",
Timeout: 10,
Backend: []*config.Backend{
{},
},
},
{
Endpoint: "/post",
Method: "POST",
Timeout: 10,
Backend: []*config.Backend{
{},
},
},
{
Endpoint: "/put",
Method: "PUT",
Timeout: 10,
Backend: []*config.Backend{
{},
},
},
{
Endpoint: "/patch",
Method: "PATCH",
Timeout: 10,
Backend: []*config.Backend{
{},
},
},
{
Endpoint: "/delete",
Method: "DELETE",
Timeout: 10,
Backend: []*config.Backend{
{},
},
},
},
}
go func() { r.Run(serviceCfg) }()
time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
for _, endpoint := range serviceCfg.Endpoints {
req, _ := http.NewRequest(endpoint.Method, fmt.Sprintf("path_to_url", endpoint.Endpoint), http.NoBody)
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
if err != nil {
t.Error("Making the request:", err.Error())
return
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, ioerr := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
if ioerr != nil {
t.Error("Reading the response:", ioerr.Error())
return
}
content := string(body)
if resp.Header.Get("Cache-Control") != "" {
t.Error(endpoint.Endpoint, "Cache-Control error:", resp.Header.Get("Cache-Control"))
}
if resp.Header.Get(server.CompleteResponseHeaderName) != server.HeaderCompleteResponseValue {
t.Error(server.CompleteResponseHeaderName, "error:", resp.Header.Get(server.CompleteResponseHeaderName))
}
if resp.Header.Get("Content-Type") != "application/json" {
t.Error(endpoint.Endpoint, "Content-Type error:", resp.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
}
if resp.Header.Get("X-Krakend") != "Version undefined" {
t.Error(endpoint.Endpoint, "X-Krakend error:", resp.Header.Get("X-Krakend"))
}
if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
t.Error(endpoint.Endpoint, "Unexpected status code:", resp.StatusCode)
}
if content != expectedBody {
t.Error(endpoint.Endpoint, "Unexpected body:", content, "expected:", expectedBody)
}
}
}
func TestDefaultFactory_ko(t *testing.T) {
buff := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 1024))
logger, err := logging.NewLogger("ERROR", buff, "pref")
if err != nil {
t.Error("building the logger:", err.Error())
return
}
ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
defer func() {
cancel()
time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
}()
r := DefaultFactory(noopProxyFactory(map[string]interface{}{"supu": "tupu"}), logger).NewWithContext(ctx)
serviceCfg := config.ServiceConfig{
Debug: true,
Port: 8083,
Endpoints: []*config.EndpointConfig{
{
Endpoint: "/ignored",
Method: "GETTT",
Backend: []*config.Backend{
{},
},
},
{
Endpoint: "/empty",
Method: "GETTT",
Backend: []*config.Backend{},
},
{
Endpoint: "/also-ignored",
Method: "PUT",
Backend: []*config.Backend{
{},
{},
},
},
},
}
go func() { r.Run(serviceCfg) }()
time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
for _, subject := range [][]string{
{"GET", "ignored"},
{"GET", "empty"},
{"PUT", "also-ignored"},
} {
req, _ := http.NewRequest(subject[0], fmt.Sprintf("path_to_url", subject[1]), http.NoBody)
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
checkResponseIs404(t, req)
}
}
func TestDefaultFactory_proxyFactoryCrash(t *testing.T) {
buff := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 1024))
logger, err := logging.NewLogger("ERROR", buff, "pref")
if err != nil {
t.Error("building the logger:", err.Error())
return
}
ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
defer func() {
cancel()
time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
}()
r := DefaultFactory(erroredProxyFactory{fmt.Errorf("%s", "crash!!!")}, logger).NewWithContext(ctx)
serviceCfg := config.ServiceConfig{
Debug: true,
Echo: true,
Port: 8084,
Endpoints: []*config.EndpointConfig{
{
Endpoint: "/ignored",
Method: "GET",
Timeout: 10,
Backend: []*config.Backend{
{},
},
},
},
}
go func() { r.Run(serviceCfg) }()
time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
for _, subject := range [][]string{{"GET", "ignored"}, {"PUT", "also-ignored"}} {
req, _ := http.NewRequest(subject[0], fmt.Sprintf("path_to_url", subject[1]), http.NoBody)
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
checkResponseIs404(t, req)
}
}
func checkResponseIs404(t *testing.T, req *http.Request) {
expectedBody := "404 page not found\n"
resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
if err != nil {
t.Error("Making the request:", err.Error())
return
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, ioerr := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
if ioerr != nil {
t.Error("Reading the response:", ioerr.Error())
return
}
content := string(body)
if resp.Header.Get("Cache-Control") != "" {
t.Error("Cache-Control error:", resp.Header.Get("Cache-Control"))
}
if resp.Header.Get(server.CompleteResponseHeaderName) != server.HeaderIncompleteResponseValue {
t.Error(req.URL.String(), server.CompleteResponseHeaderName, "error:", resp.Header.Get(server.CompleteResponseHeaderName))
}
if resp.Header.Get("Content-Type") != "text/plain; charset=utf-8" {
t.Error("Content-Type error:", resp.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
}
if resp.Header.Get("X-Krakend") != "" {
t.Error("X-Krakend error:", resp.Header.Get("X-Krakend"))
}
if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusNotFound {
t.Error("Unexpected status code:", resp.StatusCode)
}
if content != expectedBody {
t.Error("Unexpected body:", content, "expected:", expectedBody)
}
}
type noopProxyFactory map[string]interface{}
func (n noopProxyFactory) New(_ *config.EndpointConfig) (proxy.Proxy, error) {
return func(_ context.Context, _ *proxy.Request) (*proxy.Response, error) {
return &proxy.Response{
IsComplete: true,
Data: n,
}, nil
}, nil
}
type erroredProxyFactory struct {
Error error
}
func (e erroredProxyFactory) New(_ *config.EndpointConfig) (proxy.Proxy, error) {
return proxy.NoopProxy, e.Error
}
type identityMiddleware struct{}
func (identityMiddleware) Handler(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
return h
}
``` |
Ndrumbea, variously spelled Ndumbea, Dubea, Drubea and Païta, is a New Caledonian language that gave its name to the capital of New Caledonia, Nouméa, and the neighboring town of Dumbéa. It has been displaced to villages outside the capital, with fewer than a thousand speakers remaining. Gordon (1995) estimates that there may only be two or three hundred. The Dubea are the people; the language has been called Naa Dubea (or more precisely Ṇã́ã Ṇḍùmbea) "language of Dubea".
Ndrumbea is one of the few Austronesian languages that is tonal, and it has a series of consonants that are also unusual for the region.
Phonology
Ndrumbea, like its close relative Numee, is a tonal language, with three contrasting tones, high, mid, and low.
Vowels
Ndrumbea has seven oral vowels, long and short. The mid front vowels are lower when short than long: . There are five nasal vowels, also long and short: . These interact with nasal consonants, described below. Back vowels do not occur after labialized consonants, , or . In addition to the complementary correlation of nasal vowels with nasal consonants, nasal vowels do not occur after . –oral vowel derives historically from –nasal vowel.
Phonetically, a stop–flap consonant cluster will be separated by an obscure epenthetic vowel with the quality of the following phonemic vowel.
Consonants
Nasal vowels once contrasted after nasal stops, as they still do in Numee. However, in Ndrumbea, nasal stops partially denasalized before oral vowels, so that now prenasalized stops precede oral vowels, and nasal stops precede nasal vowels. Similarly, only occurs before oral vowels.
The fricatives are sometimes realized as approximants . However, the approximants are never fricated. The nasal stop sometimes has incomplete closure, producing a nasalized approximant . The is most often a tap , sometimes an approximant , and occasionally an alveolar tap or trill, or . It does not occur word initially, and does not contrast with word medially. It tends to be nasalized before a nasal vowel, with the nasality spreading to preceding vowels: "to run" has been recorded as .
Ndrumbea contrasts three coronal places, articulated with the tip or blade of the tongue contacting the roof of the mouth: , , and their nasal homologs. is apical, in contrast to laminal . It is not clear if is apico-dental or denti-alveolar, but it has a sharp release burst. , on the other hand, has a noisy release and approaches an affricate, . It may actually be closer to an alveolar than post-alveolar, and appears to be enunciated more forcefully than . also has a fricated release, and for many speakers this is longer than that of . All consonants labeled as Dental or Postalveolar (with the exception of ) are coronal consonants.
References
Ndrumbea language alphabet and pronunciation at Omniglot
Shintani T. L. A. & Païta Y. (1990a) Grammaire de la langue de Païta. Nouméa: Sociéte d'Etudes Historiques de Nouvelle-Calédonie.
Shintani T. L. A. & Païta Y. (1990b) Dictionnaire de la langue de Païta. Nouméa: Sociéte d'Etudes Historiques de Nouvelle-Calédonie.
New Caledonian languages
Languages of New Caledonia
Tonal languages in non-tonal families
Vulnerable languages |
Note: This ship should not be confused with two other World War I-era ships named USS Mystery.
The second USS Mystery (ID-2744), often identified as SP-2744, was a minesweeper support ship that served in the United States Navy from 1918 to 1919.
Mystery in merchant service, ca. 1918|left | upright | thumbMystery was built in 1886 by A. C. Brown at Tottenville, New York, as a commercial fishing trawler. The 3rd Naval District inspected her on May 7, 1918 for possible World War I U.S. Navy service. The Navy chartered her from Empire Water Co., Inc., of New York City on 18 July 1918, took her over 20 August 1918, assigned her Identification Number (ID. No. 2744) and commissioned her as USS Mystery (ID-2744) on 2 September 1918. Confusingly, the designation "SP-2744" was painted on her bow and this designation is reported as her official one by many sources, although this contradicted her official data card, which identifies her as "Id. No. 2744," a more likely official designation for her given that "SP" numbers were usually much lower and because she did not have the patrol vessel role of most "SP" boats.
Assigned to the 3rd Naval District, Mystery served as a support ship for minesweepers operating in the approaches to New York Harbor. Her career overlapped with that of the first USS Mystery (SP-428).Mystery'' was returned to her owner on 18 January 1919.
Notes
References
Department of the Navy: Naval Historical Center: Online Library of Selected Images: U.S. Navy Ships: USS Mystery (ID # 2744), 1918-1919. Previously the civilian fishing boat Mystery, built in 1886
NavSource Online: Section Patrol Craft Photo Archive Mystery (SP 2744)
World War I auxiliary ships of the United States
Ships built in Staten Island
1886 ships
Miscellaneous auxiliaries of the United States Navy |
Malyy Talysh (also, Kichik-Talysh) is a village in the Sabirabad Rayon of Azerbaijan.
References
Populated places in Sabirabad District |
```c++
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
// are met:
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
// * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
// from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
// PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
// CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
// EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
// PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
// PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
// OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
#include "PxcScratchAllocator.h"
#include "ScConstraintProjectionManager.h"
#include "ScBodySim.h"
#include "ScConstraintSim.h"
#include "ScConstraintInteraction.h"
using namespace physx;
namespace physx
{
namespace Sc
{
template<typename T, const PxU32 elementsPerBlock>
class ScratchAllocatorList
{
private:
struct ElementBlock
{
PX_FORCE_INLINE ElementBlock() {}
PX_FORCE_INLINE void init(PxU32 countAtStart) { next = NULL; count = countAtStart; }
ElementBlock* next;
PxU32 count;
T elements[elementsPerBlock];
};
PX_FORCE_INLINE const ScratchAllocatorList& operator=(const ScratchAllocatorList&) {}
public:
class Iterator
{
friend class ScratchAllocatorList;
public:
T const* getNext()
{
if (mCurrentBlock)
{
if (mIndex < mCurrentBlock->count)
{
return &mCurrentBlock->elements[mIndex++];
}
else
{
if (mCurrentBlock->next)
{
PX_ASSERT(mCurrentBlock->count == elementsPerBlock);
mCurrentBlock = mCurrentBlock->next;
PX_ASSERT(mCurrentBlock->count > 0);
mIndex = 1;
return &mCurrentBlock->elements[0];
}
else
return NULL;
}
}
else
return NULL;
}
private:
Iterator(const ElementBlock* startBlock) : mCurrentBlock(startBlock), mIndex(0) {}
private:
const ElementBlock* mCurrentBlock;
PxU32 mIndex;
};
PX_FORCE_INLINE ScratchAllocatorList(PxcScratchAllocator& scratchAllocator) : mScratchAllocator(scratchAllocator)
{
mFirstBlock = reinterpret_cast<ElementBlock*>(scratchAllocator.alloc(sizeof(ElementBlock), true));
if (mFirstBlock)
mFirstBlock->init(0);
mCurrentBlock = mFirstBlock;
}
PX_FORCE_INLINE ~ScratchAllocatorList()
{
freeMemory();
}
PX_FORCE_INLINE bool add(const T& element)
{
if (mCurrentBlock)
{
if (mCurrentBlock->count < elementsPerBlock)
{
mCurrentBlock->elements[mCurrentBlock->count] = element;
mCurrentBlock->count++;
return true;
}
else
{
PX_ASSERT(mCurrentBlock->next == NULL);
PX_ASSERT(mCurrentBlock->count == elementsPerBlock);
ElementBlock* newBlock = reinterpret_cast<ElementBlock*>(mScratchAllocator.alloc(sizeof(ElementBlock), true));
if (newBlock)
{
newBlock->init(1);
newBlock->elements[0] = element;
mCurrentBlock->next = newBlock;
mCurrentBlock = newBlock;
return true;
}
else
return false;
}
}
else
return false;
}
PX_FORCE_INLINE Iterator getIterator() const
{
return Iterator(mFirstBlock);
}
PX_FORCE_INLINE void freeMemory()
{
ElementBlock* block = mFirstBlock;
while(block)
{
ElementBlock* blockToFree = block;
block = block->next;
mScratchAllocator.free(blockToFree);
}
}
private:
PxcScratchAllocator& mScratchAllocator;
ElementBlock* mFirstBlock;
ElementBlock* mCurrentBlock;
};
}
}
Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::ConstraintProjectionManager() :
mNodePool(PX_DEBUG_EXP("projectionNodePool"))
{
}
void Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::addToPendingGroupUpdates(Sc::ConstraintSim& s)
{
PX_ASSERT(!s.readFlag(ConstraintSim::ePENDING_GROUP_UPDATE));
bool isNew = mPendingGroupUpdates.insert(&s);
PX_UNUSED(isNew);
PX_ASSERT(isNew);
s.setFlag(ConstraintSim::ePENDING_GROUP_UPDATE);
}
void Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::removeFromPendingGroupUpdates(Sc::ConstraintSim& s)
{
PX_ASSERT(s.readFlag(ConstraintSim::ePENDING_GROUP_UPDATE));
bool didExist = mPendingGroupUpdates.erase(&s);
PX_UNUSED(didExist);
PX_ASSERT(didExist);
s.clearFlag(ConstraintSim::ePENDING_GROUP_UPDATE);
}
void Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::addToPendingTreeUpdates(ConstraintGroupNode& n)
{
PX_ASSERT(&n == &n.getRoot());
PX_ASSERT(!n.readFlag(ConstraintGroupNode::ePENDING_TREE_UPDATE));
bool isNew = mPendingTreeUpdates.insert(&n);
PX_UNUSED(isNew);
PX_ASSERT(isNew);
n.raiseFlag(ConstraintGroupNode::ePENDING_TREE_UPDATE);
}
void Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::removeFromPendingTreeUpdates(ConstraintGroupNode& n)
{
PX_ASSERT(&n == &n.getRoot());
PX_ASSERT(n.readFlag(ConstraintGroupNode::ePENDING_TREE_UPDATE));
bool didExist = mPendingTreeUpdates.erase(&n);
PX_UNUSED(didExist);
PX_ASSERT(didExist);
n.clearFlag(ConstraintGroupNode::ePENDING_TREE_UPDATE);
}
PX_INLINE Sc::ConstraintGroupNode* Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::createGroupNode(BodySim& b)
{
ConstraintGroupNode* n = mNodePool.construct(b);
b.setConstraintGroup(n);
return n;
}
//
// Implementation of UNION of
// UNION-FIND algo.
// It also updates the group traversal
// linked list.
//
void Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::groupUnion(ConstraintGroupNode& root0, ConstraintGroupNode& root1)
{
// Should only get called for the roots
PX_ASSERT(&root0 == root0.parent);
PX_ASSERT(&root1 == root1.parent);
if (&root0 != &root1) //different groups? If not, its already merged.
{
//UNION(this, other); //union-find algo unites groups.
ConstraintGroupNode* newRoot;
ConstraintGroupNode* otherRoot;
if (root0.rank > root1.rank)
{
//hisGroup appended to mygroup.
newRoot = &root0;
otherRoot = &root1;
}
else
{
//myGroup appended to hisGroup.
newRoot = &root1;
otherRoot = &root0;
//there is a chance that the two ranks were equal, in which case the tree depth just increased.
root1.rank++;
}
PX_ASSERT(newRoot->parent == newRoot);
otherRoot->parent = newRoot;
//update traversal linked list:
newRoot->tail->next = otherRoot;
newRoot->tail = otherRoot->tail;
}
}
//
// Add a body to a constraint projection group.
//
void Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::addToGroup(BodySim& b, BodySim* other, ConstraintSim& c)
{
// If both bodies of the constraint are defined, we want to fetch the reference to the group root
// from body 0 by default (allows to avoid checking both)
PX_ASSERT(&b == c.getBody(0) || (c.getBody(0) == NULL && &b == c.getBody(1)));
PX_UNUSED(c);
ConstraintGroupNode* myRoot;
if (!b.getConstraintGroup())
myRoot = createGroupNode(b);
else
{
myRoot = &b.getConstraintGroup()->getRoot();
if (myRoot->hasProjectionTreeRoot())
myRoot->purgeProjectionTrees(); // If a new constraint gets added to a constraint group, projection trees need to be recreated
}
if (other)
{
ConstraintGroupNode* otherRoot;
if (!other->getConstraintGroup())
otherRoot = createGroupNode(*other);
else
{
otherRoot = &other->getConstraintGroup()->getRoot();
if (otherRoot->hasProjectionTreeRoot())
otherRoot->purgeProjectionTrees(); // If a new constraint gets added to a constraint group, projection trees need to be recreated
}
//merge the two groups, if disjoint.
groupUnion(*myRoot, *otherRoot);
}
}
//
// Add all projection constraints connected to the specified body to the pending update list but
// ignore the specified constraint.
//
void Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::markConnectedConstraintsForUpdate(BodySim& b, ConstraintSim* c)
{
PxU32 size = b.getActorInteractionCount();
Interaction** interactions = b.getActorInteractions();
while(size--)
{
Interaction* interaction = *interactions++;
if (interaction->getType() == InteractionType::eCONSTRAINTSHADER)
{
ConstraintSim* ct = static_cast<ConstraintInteraction*>(interaction)->getConstraint();
if ((ct != c) && ct->needsProjection() && (!ct->readFlag(ConstraintSim::ePENDING_GROUP_UPDATE)))
{
//mark constraint for pending update:
addToPendingGroupUpdates(*ct);
}
}
}
}
//
// Add all constraints connected to the specified body to an array but
// ignore the specified constraint.
//
PX_FORCE_INLINE static void dumpConnectedConstraints(Sc::BodySim& b, Sc::ConstraintSim* c, Sc::ScratchAllocatorList<Sc::ConstraintSim*>& constraintList)
{
PxU32 size = b.getActorInteractionCount();
Sc::Interaction** interactions = b.getActorInteractions();
while(size--)
{
Sc::Interaction* interaction = *interactions++;
if (interaction->getType() == Sc::InteractionType::eCONSTRAINTSHADER)
{
Sc::ConstraintSim* ct = static_cast<Sc::ConstraintInteraction*>(interaction)->getConstraint();
if ((ct != c) && (!ct->readFlag(Sc::ConstraintSim::ePENDING_GROUP_UPDATE)))
{
bool success = constraintList.add(ct);
PX_UNUSED(success);
PX_ASSERT(success);
}
}
}
}
PX_FORCE_INLINE void Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::processConstraintForGroupBuilding(ConstraintSim* c, ScratchAllocatorList<ConstraintSim*>& constraintList)
{
c->clearFlag(ConstraintSim::ePENDING_GROUP_UPDATE);
// Find all constraints connected to the two bodies of the dirty constraint.
// - Constraints to static anchors are ignored (note: kinematics can't be ignored because they might get switched to dynamics any time which
// does trigger a projection tree rebuild but not a constraint tree rebuild
// - Already processed bodies are ignored as well
BodySim* b0 = c->getBody(0);
if (b0 && !b0->getConstraintGroup())
{
dumpConnectedConstraints(*b0, c, constraintList);
}
BodySim* b1 = c->getBody(1);
if (b1 && !b1->getConstraintGroup())
{
dumpConnectedConstraints(*b1, c, constraintList);
}
BodySim* b = c->getAnyBody();
PX_ASSERT(b);
addToGroup(*b, c->getOtherBody(b), *c); //this will eventually merge some body's constraint groups.
}
void Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::processPendingUpdates(PxcScratchAllocator& scratchAllocator)
{
//
// if there are dirty projection trees, then rebuild them
//
const PxU32 nbProjectionTreesToUpdate = mPendingTreeUpdates.size();
if (nbProjectionTreesToUpdate)
{
ConstraintGroupNode* const* projectionTreesToUpdate = mPendingTreeUpdates.getEntries();
for(PxU32 i=0; i < nbProjectionTreesToUpdate; i++)
{
ConstraintGroupNode* n = projectionTreesToUpdate[i];
PX_ASSERT(n == &n->getRoot()); // only root nodes should be in that list
PX_ASSERT(n->readFlag(ConstraintGroupNode::ePENDING_TREE_UPDATE));
n->clearFlag(ConstraintGroupNode::ePENDING_TREE_UPDATE);
// note: it is valid to get here and not have a projection root. This is the case if all nodes of a constraint graph are kinematic
// at some point (hence no projection root) and later some of those get switched to dynamic.
if (n->hasProjectionTreeRoot())
n->purgeProjectionTrees();
n->buildProjectionTrees();
}
mPendingTreeUpdates.clear();
}
//
// if there are new/dirty constraints, update groups
//
const PxU32 nbProjectionConstraintsToUpdate = mPendingGroupUpdates.size();
if (nbProjectionConstraintsToUpdate)
{
ScratchAllocatorList<ConstraintSim*> nonProjectionConstraintList(scratchAllocator);
ConstraintSim* const* projectionConstraintsToUpdate = mPendingGroupUpdates.getEntries();
#if PX_DEBUG
// At the beginning the list should only contain constraints with projection.
// Further below other constraints, connected to the constraints with projection, will be added too.
for(PxU32 i=0; i < nbProjectionConstraintsToUpdate; i++)
{
PX_ASSERT(projectionConstraintsToUpdate[i]->needsProjection());
}
#endif
for(PxU32 i=0; i < nbProjectionConstraintsToUpdate; i++)
{
processConstraintForGroupBuilding(projectionConstraintsToUpdate[i], nonProjectionConstraintList);
}
ScratchAllocatorList<ConstraintSim*>::Iterator iter = nonProjectionConstraintList.getIterator();
ConstraintSim* const* nextConstraint = iter.getNext();
while(nextConstraint)
{
processConstraintForGroupBuilding(*nextConstraint, nonProjectionConstraintList);
nextConstraint = iter.getNext();
}
// Now find all the newly made groups and build projection trees.
// Don't need to iterate over the additionally constraints since the roots are supposed to be
// fetchable from any node.
for (PxU32 i=0; i < nbProjectionConstraintsToUpdate; i++)
{
ConstraintSim* c = projectionConstraintsToUpdate[i];
BodySim* b = c->getAnyBody();
PX_ASSERT(b);
PX_ASSERT(b->getConstraintGroup());
ConstraintGroupNode& root = b->getConstraintGroup()->getRoot();
if (!root.hasProjectionTreeRoot()) // Build projection tree only once
root.buildProjectionTrees();
}
mPendingGroupUpdates.clear();
}
}
//
// Called if a body or a constraint gets deleted. All projecting constraints of the
// group (except the deleted one) are moved to the dirty list and all group nodes are destroyed.
//
void Sc::ConstraintProjectionManager::invalidateGroup(ConstraintGroupNode& node, ConstraintSim* deletedConstraint)
{
ConstraintGroupNode* n = &node.getRoot();
if (n->readFlag(ConstraintGroupNode::ePENDING_TREE_UPDATE))
{
removeFromPendingTreeUpdates(*n);
}
while (n) //go through nodes in constraint group
{
markConnectedConstraintsForUpdate(*n->body, deletedConstraint);
//destroy the body's constraint group information
ConstraintGroupNode* next = n->next; //save next node ptr before we destroy it!
BodySim* b = n->body;
b->setConstraintGroup(NULL);
if (n->hasProjectionTreeRoot())
n->purgeProjectionTrees();
mNodePool.destroy(n);
n = next;
}
}
``` |
```xml
<project xmlns="path_to_url" xmlns:xsi="path_to_url" xsi:schemaLocation="path_to_url path_to_url">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.spotify</groupId>
<artifactId>dockerfile-maven</artifactId>
<version>1.4.14-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>dockerfile-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<packaging>maven-plugin</packaging>
<name>Dockerfile Maven Plugin</name>
<description>Adds support for building Dockerfiles in Maven</description>
<properties>
<docker-client.version>8.16.0</docker-client.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.findbugs</groupId>
<artifactId>jsr305</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-compress</artifactId>
<version>1.19</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.plexus</groupId>
<artifactId>plexus-interpolation</artifactId>
<version>1.24</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.spotify</groupId>
<artifactId>docker-client</artifactId>
<classifier>shaded</classifier>
<version>${docker-client.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.auth</groupId>
<artifactId>google-auth-library-oauth2-http</artifactId>
<version>0.6.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>23.6.1-jre</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.spotify</groupId>
<artifactId>dockerfile-maven-extension</artifactId>
<version>1.4.14-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-plugin-api</artifactId>
<version>3.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-core</artifactId>
<version>3.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-archiver</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.sonatype.plexus</groupId>
<artifactId>plexus-sec-dispatcher</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugin-tools</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-plugin-annotations</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-enforcer-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-plugin-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
<configuration>
<goalPrefix>dockerfile</goalPrefix>
<skipErrorNoDescriptorsFound>true</skipErrorNoDescriptorsFound>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>mojo-descriptor</id>
<goals>
<goal>descriptor</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>help-goal</id>
<goals>
<goal>helpmojo</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-invoker-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.spotify</groupId>
<artifactId>docker-client</artifactId>
<version>${docker-client.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<configuration>
<cloneProjectsTo>${project.build.directory}/it</cloneProjectsTo>
<pomIncludes>
<pomInclude>*/pom.xml</pomInclude>
</pomIncludes>
<postBuildHookScript>verify</postBuildHookScript>
<localRepositoryPath>${project.build.directory}/local-repo</localRepositoryPath>
<settingsFile>src/it/settings.xml</settingsFile>
<streamLogs>true</streamLogs>
<goals>
<goal>clean</goal>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>integration-test</id>
<goals>
<goal>install</goal>
<goal>integration-test</goal>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
``` |
Snake Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is a tributary of Missouri River.
Snake Creek received its name on account of its frequent meanders.
See also
List of rivers of South Dakota
References
Rivers of Brule County, South Dakota
Rivers of Charles Mix County, South Dakota
Rivers of Lyman County, South Dakota
Rivers of South Dakota |
Orexigen Therapeutics is a public American pharmaceutical company focused on development of treatments for obesity. The company is based in La Jolla, California and was established by Eckard Weber in 2002. As a public company, Orexigen is traded on the NASDAQ exchange under the stock symbol OREX.
The company has a single product, Contrave, approved for use in the United States in 2014. Contrave was designed not only to curb hunger but also reduce cravings. Observation of the market performance of Qsymia and Belviq suggest overall low demand for pharmaceutical obesity therapies, calling into question earnings potential for Orexigen's offering.
Orexigen declared bankruptcy in 2018 and was sold to Nalpropion.
References
Health care companies based in California
Pharmaceutical companies established in 2002
Pharmaceutical companies of the United States
Companies listed on the Nasdaq
2002 establishments in California |
Rodolfo Mijares (17 July 1938 – 2 April 2018) was a Mexican track and field athlete who competed in the decathlon at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He also competed at the 1959 Pan American Games, finishing seventh. He won the athletics pentathlon at the 1959 Central American and Caribbean Games, becoming the second Mexican to do, so after Amador Terán.
International competitions
References
External links
1938 births
2018 deaths
Sportspeople from Chihuahua (state)
Mexican decathletes
Mexican male athletes
Mexican pentathletes
Olympic decathletes
Olympic athletes for Mexico
Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Pan American Games competitors for Mexico
Athletes (track and field) at the 1959 Pan American Games
Competitors at the 1959 Central American and Caribbean Games
Central American and Caribbean Games gold medalists for Mexico
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in athletics
People from Delicias, Chihuahua |
Fortitudo Pallacanestro Bologna 103, commonly known as Fortitudo Bologna and currently known as Fortitudo Kiğılı Bologna for sponsorship reasons, is a basketball club based in Bologna, Italy and currently plays in the second division.
History
Fortitudo has for much of its history played second fiddle in its own city to arch rivals Virtus Bologna, with whom it contests the fierce Bologna Derby. Fortitudo won its first major trophy in 1998, winning the Italian Cup.
Fortitudo made the Italian league finals ten consecutive years (1997–2006). After three straight finals losses, Fortitudo won the Serie A for the first time in 2000. Four consecutive finals losses were followed by Fortitudo's second league title in 2005, courtesy of a 3–1 win over Armani Jeans Milano in the finals series when instant replay upheld a Ruben Douglas buzzer beater in Game 4 of the championship series.
In recent years, Fortitudo had been a fixture in the European top-tier Euroleague. Fortitudo's first achievement in European competition was a FIBA Korać Cup final against Jugoplastika in 1977 in their maiden participation. It got to the Euroleague Final four in 1999 (losing in the semifinal against city rivals Kinder Bologna and in third place game against Olympiacos) and the semifinal of the Euroleague playoffs in 2001 (again eliminated by rivals Virtus); then the club lost in the Euroleague final in 2004 to Maccabi Tel Aviv by 44 points. The 2006–07 season saw them change coaches thrice as they finished thirteenth (out of eighteen), though they still qualified for the 2007–08 ULEB Cup.
Due to economic irregularities, upon Fortitudo's relegation from the 2008–09 season, the team was not allowed to participate in the 2009–10 Serie A2, restarting from the Serie A dilettanti. After winning that league, Fortitudo was once again excluded from Serie A2 and the club's affiliation to the Italian Federation revoked. As such, Fortitudo was barred from playing in any league, save for youth development leagues.
The Rebirth and return to the top flight
On 18 June 2013, a group of local entrepreneurs, professionals and fans joined to give life to Fortitudo Pallacanestro Bologna 103, the spiritual successor (with the same fan base such as the Fossa dei Leoni fan group) of the original entity. Starting from the fourth division DNB, Fortitudo climbed to the second division Serie A2 where it played during the 2015–16 season.
After a successful campaign in 2018–19, the club qualified for promotion to Serie A for the first time since its 2009 dissolution. They later qualified to the 2020–21 Basketball Champions League, but they finished last in their group. In the 2021–22 season, they finished in the 15th position to be relegated to Serie A2.
Honours
Domestic competitions
Italian League
Winners (2): 1999–00, 2004–05
Italian Cup
Winners (1): 1997–98
Italian Supercup
Winners (2): 1998, 2005
European competitions
EuroLeague
Runners-up (1): 2003–04
Semifinalists (1): 2000–01
4th place (1): 1998–99
Final Four (2): 1999, 2004
FIBA Korać Cup
Runners-up (1): 1976–77
Semifinalists (1): 1995–96
Other competitions
Copa de Andata Carisbo
Winners (1): 2007
Via Resa, Italy Invitational Game
Winners (1): 2007
Top performances in European & Worldwide competitions
Retired numbers
Players
Current roster
Depth chart
Notable players
John D. Douglas
- George Bucci
Andrea Dallamora
- Wallace Bryant
Daniele Albertazzi
Moris Masetti
Bill Garnett
Artis Gilmore
Vincent Askew
Gene Banks
Chris McNealy
Dave Feitl
Pete Myers
Cedrick Hordges
Valdemaras Chomičius
Teoman Alibegović
Shaun Vandiver
Dallas Comegys
Corrado Fumagalli
Dan Gay
Vincenzo Esposito
Aleksandar Đorđević
Carlton Myers
Alessandro Frosini
Mike Brown
Conrad McRae
Eric Murdock
Gregor Fučka
Giacomo Galanda
Roberto Chiacig
David Rivers
Dominique Wilkins
Gianluca Basile
Marko Jarić
Artūras Karnišovas
Damir Mulaomerović
Vinny Del Negro
Stojko Vranković
Anthony Bowie
Eddie Gill
Eurelijus Žukauskas
Vassil Evtimov
Emilio Kovačić
John Celestand
Anthony Goldwire
Dan McClintock
Marko Milič
Rumeal Robinson
Zoran Savić
Stefano Mancinelli
Gianmarco Pozzecco
Carlos Delfino
A. J. Guyton
Luboš Bartoň
Vlado Šćepanović
Mate Skelin
Davor Marcelić
Marco Belinelli
Erazem Lorbek
Matjaž Smodiš
Miloš Vujanić
Hanno Möttölä
Dalibor Bagarić
Amal McCaskill
Ruben Douglas
Nate Green
Sani Bečirovič
Yakhouba Diawara
Kiwane Garris
Travis Watson
- David Bluthenthal
Alain Digbeu
Tyus Edney
Goran Jurak
Jérôme Moïso
Moochie Norris
Preston Shumpert
Kristaps Janičenoks
Earl Barron
Marcelinho Huertas
Kieron Achara
Jamont Gordon
Uroš Slokar
Joseph Forte
James Thomas
Qyntel Woods
D. J. Strawberry
Lazaros Papadopoulos
Davide Lamma
Marco Carraretto
Stefano Mancinelli
Players at the NBA draft
Head coaches
Beppe Lamberti (1966–1973)
Dido Guerrieri (1973–1974)
Alberto Bucci (1974)
Aza Nikolić (1974–1976)
John McMillen (1976–1980)
Mauro Di Vincenzo (1980–1981)
Dodo Rusconi (1981–1983)
Rudy D'Amico (1983)
Francesco Zucchini and Andrea Sassoli (1983–1984)
Andrea Sassoli (1984–1988)
Mauro Di Vincenzo (1988–1990)
Stefano Pillastrini (1990-1992)
Lino Bruni
Marco Calamai
Dario Bellandi
Sergio Scariolo (1993-1996)
Valerio Bianchini (1996-1998)
Petar Skansi (1998-1999)
Carlo Recalcati (1999-2001)
Matteo Boniciolli (2001-2002)
Jasmin Repeša (2002-2006)
Fabrizio Frates (2006)
Ergin Ataman (2006-2007)
Massimiliano Oldoini / Dan Gay (2007)
Andrea Mazzon (2007-2008)
Dragan Šakota (2008)
Cesare Pancotto (2008-2009)
Alessandro Finelli
Antonio Tinti
Federico Politi
Claudio Vandoni
Matteo Boniciolli (2015-2018)
Gianmarco Pozzecco (2018)
Antimo Martino (2018-2020, 2021-2022)
Romeo Sacchetti (2020)
Luca Dalmonte (2020-21, 2022-2023)
Attilio Caja (2023-)
Sponsorship names
Throughout the years, due to sponsorship, the club has been known as :
Cassera Bologna (1966–68)
Eldorado Bologna (1968–71)
Alco Bologna (1971–78)
Mercury Bologna (1978–80)
I&B Bologna (1980–81)
Lattesole Bologna (1981–83)
Yoga Bologna (1983–88)
Arimo Bologna (1988–90)
Aprimatic Bologna (1990–91)
Mangiaebevi Bologna (1991–93)
Filodoro Bologna (1993–95)
Teamsystem Bologna (1995–99)
Paf Wennington Bologna (1999–01)
Skipper Bologna (2001–04)
Climamio Bologna (2004–07)
UPIM Bologna [Domestically] (2007–08)
Beghelli Bologna [European competition] (2007–08)
GMAC Bologna [Domestically] (2008–09)
Fortitudo Bologna [European competition] (2008–09)
Amori Bologna (2009–10)
Tulipano Impianti Bologna (2013–14)
Eternedile Bologna (2014–16)
Contatto Bologna (2016–17)
Consultinvest Bologna (2017–18)
Lavoropiù Fortitudo Bologna (2018–19)
Fortitudo Pompea Bologna (2019–20)
Lavoropiù Fortitudo Bologna (2020–21)
Fortitudo Kiğılı Bologna (2021–present)
References
External links
Serie A historical results Retrieved 23 August 2015
Euroleague profile
Official Supporters Site
1932 establishments in Italy
Basketball teams established in 1932
Basketball teams in Emilia-Romagna
Sport in Bologna |
```xml
import { ModerationStatus } from "../ModerationStatus";
import { IUpdateListItem } from "./IUpdateListItem";
export interface IModeratedUpdateListItem extends IUpdateListItem {
OData__ModerationStatus: number;
}
export class ModeratedUpdateListItem implements IModeratedUpdateListItem {
public readonly Title: string;
public OData__ModerationStatus: number;
constructor(moderationStatus: ModerationStatus) {
this.OData__ModerationStatus = moderationStatus && moderationStatus.value;
}
}
``` |
```java
/*
*
* This program and the accompanying materials are made
* which is available at path_to_url
*
*/
package org.eclipse.milo.opcua.stack.core.types.enumerated;
import org.eclipse.milo.opcua.stack.core.serialization.SerializationContext;
import org.eclipse.milo.opcua.stack.core.serialization.UaDecoder;
import org.eclipse.milo.opcua.stack.core.serialization.UaEncoder;
import org.eclipse.milo.opcua.stack.core.serialization.UaEnumeration;
import org.eclipse.milo.opcua.stack.core.serialization.codecs.GenericDataTypeCodec;
import org.eclipse.milo.opcua.stack.core.types.builtin.ExpandedNodeId;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
public enum NamingRuleType implements UaEnumeration {
Mandatory(1),
Optional(2),
Constraint(3);
private final int value;
NamingRuleType(int value) {
this.value = value;
}
@Override
public int getValue() {
return value;
}
@Nullable
public static NamingRuleType from(int value) {
switch (value) {
case 1:
return Mandatory;
case 2:
return Optional;
case 3:
return Constraint;
default:
return null;
}
}
public static ExpandedNodeId getTypeId() {
return ExpandedNodeId.parse("nsu=path_to_url");
}
public static class Codec extends GenericDataTypeCodec<NamingRuleType> {
@Override
public Class<NamingRuleType> getType() {
return NamingRuleType.class;
}
@Override
public NamingRuleType decode(SerializationContext context, UaDecoder decoder) {
return decoder.readEnum(null, NamingRuleType.class);
}
@Override
public void encode(SerializationContext context, UaEncoder encoder, NamingRuleType value) {
encoder.writeEnum(null, value);
}
}
}
``` |
Brazil has a multi-party system since 1979, when the country's military dictatorship disbanded an enforced two-party system and allowed the creation of multiple parties.
Above the broad range of political parties in Brazilian Congress, the Workers' Party (PT), the Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB), the Liberal Party (PL), the Progressives (PP) and the Brazil Union (UNIÃO) together control the absolute majority of seats in the Senate and Chamber of Deputies. Smaller parties often make alliances with at least one of these five major parties. The number of political parties reached 35 on its apex on 2018. However, an electoral threshold introduced on 2017 has resulted in the culling and merger of many parties, as it cuts access to party subsidies and free party political broadcasts.
Brazilian parties have access to party subsidies in form of the Fundo Partidário () and the Fundo Eleitoral () for elections. And a system of free party political broadcasts during election time known as the horário eleitoral gratuito.
Since 1982, Brazilian political parties have been given an electoral number to make it easier for illiterate people to vote. Initially, it was a one-digit number: 1 for PDS, 2 for PDT, 3 for PT, 4 for PTB, and 5 for PMDB. When it became clear that there was going to be more than nine parties, two-digit numbers were assigned, with the first five parties having a "1" added to their former one-digit number (PDS becoming number 11, PDT 12, PT 13, PTB 14, and PMDB 15). Political parties often change their names; however, they can retain their number.
Active political parties
The 30 political parties registered with the Superior Electoral Court (TSE) are listed below by its number of affiliates.
However, some parties are in the process of incorporation, merger or renaming pending validation by the TSE:
The Brazilian Labour Party (PTB) and Patriota, who are in the midst of merging to form Mais Brasil;
The National Mobilization Party (PMN), who intends to remove the term "Party" from its name and change its name to MOBILIZA.
Notes
Unregistered parties
Parties not registered with the Superior Electoral Court:
Historical parties
Imperial Brazil (1822–1889)
First Republic and Vargas Era (1889–1945)
Fourth Republic (1945–1964)
Bipartisanship in Brazil (1966–1979)
Return of the multiparty system (1979–present)
See also
References
Lists of political parties; categories by country and ideology.
Liberalism in Brazil
Brazil
Political parties
Political parties
Brazil |
```go
//
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
package storage
import (
"log"
"testing"
"github.com/coreos/etcd/lease"
"github.com/coreos/etcd/storage/backend"
)
func BenchmarkStorePut(b *testing.B) {
be, tmpPath := backend.NewDefaultTmpBackend()
s := NewStore(be, &lease.FakeLessor{})
defer cleanup(s, be, tmpPath)
// arbitrary number of bytes
bytesN := 64
keys := createBytesSlice(bytesN, b.N)
vals := createBytesSlice(bytesN, b.N)
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
s.Put(keys[i], vals[i], lease.NoLease)
}
}
// BenchmarkStoreTxnPut benchmarks the Put operation
// with transaction begin and end, where transaction involves
// some synchronization operations, such as mutex locking.
func BenchmarkStoreTxnPut(b *testing.B) {
be, tmpPath := backend.NewDefaultTmpBackend()
s := NewStore(be, &lease.FakeLessor{})
defer cleanup(s, be, tmpPath)
// arbitrary number of bytes
bytesN := 64
keys := createBytesSlice(bytesN, b.N)
vals := createBytesSlice(bytesN, b.N)
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
id := s.TxnBegin()
if _, err := s.TxnPut(id, keys[i], vals[i], lease.NoLease); err != nil {
log.Fatalf("txn put error: %v", err)
}
s.TxnEnd(id)
}
}
``` |
Dumfries Hibernians Football Club, also referred to as Dumfries Hibernian, was a short-lived football team based in Dumfries, Scotland.
History
The club was founded in 1897 as a footballing side aimed at the Irish community in Dumfries, and immediately entered the Scottish Cup, plus was brought into the Southern Counties League as a replacement for Thornhill, who withdrew before the season started.
The club's first match was a 5–5 draw against the 1st Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders in September 1897, and its first competitive match was a 7–2 win over Newton Stewart Athletic in the first round of the Scottish Qualifying Cup in 1897–98. Its first Cup entry was its most successful; by reaching the fourth round of the Qualifying Cup, the club qualified for the first round proper of the Cup itself. In the first round, the club was drawn at home to St Mirren and took an early lead "before their opponents settled down", but went in at half-time 2–1 down, and by the time the Hibernians scored a late consolation goal, St Mirren had scored seven.
The League season had not been so successful, the competition itself petering out with many fixtures unplayed, the Hibernians only having won one of their six matches. The Hibernians however had more success in the local cup competitions; it was twice a finalist in the Dumfries & Galloway Cup, once a finalist in the Southern Counties Cup, and won the Southern Counties Consolation Cup in 1898, beating Douglas Wanderers 2–1 in the final. The club's biggest success was lifting the prestigious invitational Southern Counties Charity Cup at the end of its first season, beating Dumfries 2–1.
The club entered the Scottish Cup for the next three seasons, but lost in its first match every time, the nadir being an 11–2 defeat at Dumfries in 1900–01. It was the club's final entry into the Scottish Cup; the final reported match was a 4–2 defeat by the same team in the final of the Dumfries and Galloway Cup at the end of the season, in a "mediocre" game.
Colours
The club played in green shirts and white shorts.
Ground
The club originally played at Castledykes Park. the club's third XI being called the Castledykes XI. By 1898 the club was playing at least some matches at Palmerston Park, including hosting a visit from Celtic.
In 1899 the club was playing at Cresswell Park and from 1900 at Eastfield Park.
Notable players
William Miller, who scored the consolation goal against St Mirren in the 1897 Cup tie, and who later played for St Bernard's F.C. and Grimsby Town
References
Defunct football clubs in Scotland
Association football clubs established in 1897
Association football clubs disestablished in 1901
1897 establishments in Scotland
1901 disestablishments in Scotland
Football clubs in Dumfries and Galloway
Irish diaspora sports clubs in Scotland |
Wolt is a Finnish technology company known for its delivery platform for food and merchandise. On Wolt's apps (iOS and Android) or website, customers can order food and household goods from the platform's restaurant and merchant partners, and either pick up their order or have it delivered by the platform's courier partners. Wolt also runs its own chain of grocery stores called Wolt Market. Wolt is headquartered in Helsinki.
In May 2022, Wolt was acquired by the American technology company DoorDash. DoorDash operates in 29 countries today, 25 of which are with the Wolt product and brand.
History
Wolt was founded in 2014 by 6 founders, including Miki Kuusi, the former CEO of Slush and CEO of Wolt. Kuusi has been responsible for DoorDash's business outside the US since May 2022, when DoorDash acquired Wolt.
As of May 2023, Wolt operates in 25 countries and over 300 cities, including Helsinki, Tokyo, Tel Aviv and Berlin. Wolt has over 70,000 merchant partners, 150,000 courier partners and 20 million registered customers. Wolt has over 7,000 employees across its offices in 25 countries.
In November 2021, it was announced that Wolt was being merged into DoorDash through an exchange of shares, giving Wolt shareholders a minority of shares in DoorDash for a deal worth US $8.1 billion. On 31 May 2022, the acquisition was completed.
Before the DoorDash acquisition, Wolt raised $856M in funding from investors including ICONIQ Capital, Highland Europe, 83North, EQT Ventures, Tiger Global, DST Global, Prosus, KKR, Coatue, Inventure, Lifeline Ventures, Supercell founder & CEO Ilkka Paananen and Nokia Chairman Risto Siilasmaa, among others.
Wolt was ranked second in the 2020 edition of the FT:1000 Europe's Fastest Growing Companies 2020 published by the Financial Times.
Timeline
2014: Wolt was founded in Helsinki, Finland.
2015: Wolt first launched in Helsinki as pick-up only.
2016: Wolt added delivery to the platform and expanded to Sweden and Estonia. Wolt did some experimenting with self-driving delivery robots in Tallinn in cooperation with Starship Technologies.
2017: Wolt launched in Denmark, Latvia and Lithuania.
2018: Wolt launched in Croatia, Czech Republic, Norway, Hungary, Georgia, Israel and Poland.
2019: Wolt launched in Serbia, Greece, Azerbaijan, Slovakia, Slovenia and Kazakhstan.
2020: Wolt launched in Japan, Cyprus, Malta and Germany. Wolt’s own chain of grocery stores, Wolt Market, was launched in Helsinki.
2022: The transaction closed and Wolt was acquired by DoorDash.
2023: Wolt launched in Austria and Iceland.
Drivers
Wolt delivery drivers do not work for the company (except in Germany) but are self-employed and can decide when, where and how much they work. As self-employed, couriers must pay all the incidental costs of their work, such as pension contributions, social security and tooling costs, out of the salary they receive. Their pension and sickness cover in Finland is typically provided through the YEL insurance (Entrepreneur's Pension Insurance). For example, when using a car, petrol, insurance and other costs are borne by the entrepreneur. As self-employed persons, couriers do not receive paid holidays. According to Wolt, about a third of the couriers are full-time. About a quarter are students. There is a significant proportion of immigrants in Helsinki, for example.
References
External links
Online food ordering
Online retailers of Finland
2014 establishments in Finland
Retail companies established in 2014
Transport companies established in 2014
Internet properties established in 2014
Finnish brands
2022 mergers and acquisitions |
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="path_to_url" xmlns:xsi="path_to_url" xsi:schemaLocation="path_to_url path_to_url">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>blueocean-parent</artifactId>
<groupId>io.jenkins.blueocean</groupId>
<version>${revision}${changelist}</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>blueocean-jira</artifactId>
<packaging>hpi</packaging>
<name>JIRA Integration for Blue Ocean</name>
<url>path_to_url
<properties>
<jacoco.haltOnFailure>true</jacoco.haltOnFailure>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jenkins.blueocean</groupId>
<artifactId>blueocean-rest</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- JIRA plugin dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jenkins-ci.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>jira</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jenkins-ci.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson2-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jenkins-ci.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>apache-httpcomponents-client-4-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- FIXME removed once Guava has been removed from Jira plugin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>32.0.0-jre</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
``` |
Northern Haze is a Canadian rock music group from Igloolik, Nunavut, whose self-titled 1985 debut album is believed to have been the first-ever indigenous-language rock album recorded in North America.
Formed in 1984 by Kolitalik Inukshuk, Naisana Qamaniq, James Ungalaq, Elijah Kunnuk and John Inooya, musicians from Igloolik who had collaborated in various bands since the 1970s, the band released the self-titled album in 1985 through the CBC Northern Service. The band played various festival dates, including at Folk on the Rocks and Expo 86, to support the album. They continued for many years afterward to play concert dates in Canadian Arctic communities, but could not afford to record a followup album due to the extremely high cost of doing so in remote Arctic communities; they did, however, record some individual singles.
In 2007, the band broke up after the deaths of Kunnuk and Inukshuk. In 2012, the independent label Supreme Echo Records released Sinaaktuq, a compilation of the original album and the non-album singles.
In 2017 Aakuluk Music, the record label owned and operated by Nunavut-based band The Jerry Cans, reissued the 1985 album and convinced the band to reunite. With new members Derek Aqqiaruq and Allan Kangok, the band worked with record producer Michael Phillip Wojewoda to record Siqinnaarut, which was released in 2018. The album was a Juno Award nominee for Indigenous Music Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2020.
In 2023, Ungalaq released the solo album rebel music / E5-2143 under the stage name qiyuapik.
References
Canadian rock music groups
Musical groups from Nunavut
Inuit musical groups
Musical groups established in 1984
Musical groups disestablished in 2007
Musical groups reestablished in 2017 |
The 1884 Women's tennis season was a tennis circuit composed of 33 national, regional, county, and regular tournaments. The season began in March in Brooklyn, United States, and ended in December in Melbourne, Australia.
Season summary
Prior to the creation of the International Lawn Tennis Federation and the establishment of its world championship events in 1913 the Wimbledon Championships, the U.S. National Championships, the Irish Lawn Tennis Championships and the Northern Championships were considered by players and historians as the four most important tennis tournaments to win.
1884 sees a slight expansion in the number women's singles events being held as the tennis circuit continues to grow. In March the 23rd Regiment Armory Indoors tournament is held at the 23rd Regiment Armory in Brooklyn is the first indoor wood court tournament for women held in the United States, the event is won by Bessie Hazard.
In May 1884 at the first major event of the year the Irish Championships in Dublin, Ireland. In the women's singles final holder Ireland's May Langrishe is defeated by England's Maud Watson. Watson also claims the mixed doubles title with William Renshaw against Ireland's Connie Butler and Scotlands John Galbraith Horn. In terms of draw size the West of England Championships was the largest tournament of the year with a draw of 46 across three events.
In June 1884 at the second major tournament of the year the Northern Championships in Liverpool England's Edith Davies achieves a clean sweep winning singles title against Margaret Bracewell, she also picks up the doubles title with Miss Eckersley defeating sisters Annie and Lottie Dod, and the mixed doubles title paired with Ireland's Ernest Browne. In July in South Africa the first major women's tournament the Natal Championships is played in Pietermaritzburg, and in South East Asia the Singapore Cricket Club establishes a ladies lawn tennis club who stage a tournament later in December.
At the 1884 Wimbledon Championships the world's first major tennis tournament women's championships events ares staged for the first time, in the singles competition Maud Watson defeats her sister Lilian Watson to claim the very first ladies championship event. At the U.S. National Championships there was still no women's championship events held.
In Australasia the first singles tournaments for women are held. In October the Carisbrook tournament in Dunedin, New Zealand is staged for the first time. In December the first Victorian Championships for women is held in Melbourne, Australia and played on asphalt courts.
In 1913 the International Lawn Tennis Federation was created, that consisted of national member associations. The ILTF through its associated members then became responsible for supervising women's tour events.
Results
Notes 1: Challenge Round: the final round of a tournament, in which the winner of a single-elimination phase faces the previous year's champion, who plays only that one match. The challenge round was used in the early history of tennis (from 1877 through 1921), in some tournaments not all.* Indicates challenge round final
Key
Singles
Results included:.
Tournament winners
Singles
This is list of winners sorted by number of singles titles (major titles in bold)
Maud Watson (4) Exmouth, Irish Championships, Wimbledon Championships, Stamford Bridge.
Edith Davies (3) Bath, Cheltenham, Northern Championships
Jane Meikle (2) Edinburgh, Moffat
Bessie Hazard (1) Brooklyn
Margaret Bracewell (1) Liverpool
Mrs. Streetern (1) Ealing
Mabel Cahill (1) Kilkenny
Miss. Pearson (1) Pietermaritzburg
Mabel Boulton (1) Hull
Miss Noon (1) Edgbaston
Blanche Bingley (1) Chiswick Park
Constance Hodgson (1) Scarborough
Miss Cobbold (1) East Grinstead
May Marriott (1) Saxmundham
Agnes Watts (1) Buxton
L. Cheetham (1) Whitby
Miss Napier (1) St. Paul
F. Davies (1) Bournemouth
Frances Burton (1) Eastbourne
M. Leslie (1) Brighton
F. E. Maitland (1) Dunedin
E. MacKenzie (1) Melbourne
Doubles
This is list of winners sorted by number of doubles titles (major titles in bold) Davies, Eckersley, Mardall and Watts won titles with different partners.
Edith Davies & Miss Eckersley/ Florence Mardall (4) Bath, Cheltenham, Edgbaston, Northern Championships.
Florence Mardall & Edith Davies (3) Bath, Cheltenham, Edgbaston
Miss Eckersley & Margaret Bracewell/ Edith Davies (2) Liverpool II, Northern Championships
Agnes Watts & Effie Noon/ Miss Noon (2) Buxton, Exmouth.
Adela Langrishe & May Langrishe (1) Irish Championships.
Margaret Bracewell & Miss Eckersley (1) Liverpool II.
Lilian Watson & Maud Watson (1) Edgbaston.
Effie Noon & Agnes Watts (1) Exmouth.
Annie Riddell & M. Rose (1) Melbourne
A. Turner & Miss Turner (1) Scarborough.
Miss Cobbold & Miss Richardson (1) East Grinstead.
Miss Noon & Agnes Watts (1) Buxton.
A. Foster & G. Rant (1) Saxmundham.
Miss Mockler & Miss Skirrow (1) Bournemouth.
Blanche Bingley & M. Leslie (1) Brighton.
Mixed doubles
This is list of winners sorted by number of mixed doubles titles (major titles in bold)
Maud Watson & William Renshaw/ John Redfern Deykin (2) Exmouth, Irish Championships.
Florence Mardall & Charles Gostling/ John Redfern Deykin (2) Bath, Edgbaston.
Miss Hanly & Mr. Hough (1) Brooklyn.
Margaret Bracewell & J. Bruce Ismay (1) Liverpool II.
Edith Davies & Ernest Browne (1) Northern Championships.
Miss Noon & Frank Noon (1) Leamington.
Marian Bradshaw & Herbert Wilberforce (1) Darlington.
Miss Bourchier & Donald Stewart (1) Chiswick Park.
Ellen Ramsay & Ernest Browne (1) Scarborough.
Miss Taylor & William Renshaw (1) East Grinstead.
Lilian Cole & Charles E. Pine-Coffin (1) Teignmouth.
Ethel Surtees & Charles Grinstead (1) Buxton.
Miss Burnand & E.M. Hansell (1) Saxmundham.
D. Radcliffe & John Charles Kay (1) Whitby.
Blanche Bingley & E. Barratt-Smith (1) Brighton.
Annie Riddel & Walter J. Riddell (1) Melbourne.
Annie Lamb & Mr Cropper (1) Sydney.
Statistical summary
Singles
Total Tournaments (30)
Most Titles: Maud Watson (4)
Most Finals: Maud Watson (4)
Most Matches Played: Maud Watson (15)
Most Matches Won: Maud Watson (15)
Match Winning %: Maud Watson (100%)
Most Tournaments Played: Maud Watson (4)
Doubles
Total Tournaments: (14)
Most Titles: Edith Davies (4)
Most Finals: Edith Davies (4)
Mix Doubles
Total Tournaments: (20)
Most Titles: Florence Mardall / Maud Watson (2)
Most Finals: Florence Mardall / Maud Watson (2)
References
Pre Open era tennis seasons
1884 Women's Tennis Season |
Posyolok Torfopredpriyatiya () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Karinskoye Rural Settlement, Alexandrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 10 as of 2010. There is 1 street.
Geography
The settlement is located 16 km south of Alexandrov (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rykulino is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Alexandrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast |
```java
package com.yahoo.security;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Objects;
import static com.yahoo.security.ArrayUtils.hex;
/**
* A SealedSharedKey represents the public part of a secure one-way ephemeral key exchange.
*
* It is "sealed" in the sense that it is expected to be computationally infeasible
* for anyone to derive the correct shared key from the sealed key without holding
* the correct private key.
*
* A SealedSharedKey can be converted to--and from--an opaque string token representation.
* This token representation is expected to be used as a convenient serialization
* form when communicating shared keys.
*/
public record SealedSharedKey(int version, KeyId keyId, byte[] enc, byte[] ciphertext) {
/** Current encoding version of opaque sealed key tokens. Must be less than 256. */
public static final int CURRENT_TOKEN_VERSION = 2;
/** Encryption context for v{1,2} tokens is always a 32-byte X25519 public key */
public static final int MAX_ENC_CONTEXT_LENGTH = 255;
// Expected max decoded size for v1 is 3 + 255 + 32 + 32 = 322. For simplicity, round this
// up to 512 to effectively not have to care about the overhead of any reasonably chosen encoding.
public static final int MAX_TOKEN_STRING_LENGTH = 512;
public SealedSharedKey {
if (enc.length > MAX_ENC_CONTEXT_LENGTH) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Encryption context is too large to be encoded (max is %d, got %d)"
.formatted(MAX_ENC_CONTEXT_LENGTH, enc.length));
}
}
/**
* Creates an opaque URL-safe string token that contains enough information to losslessly
* reconstruct the SealedSharedKey instance when passed verbatim to fromTokenString().
*/
public String toTokenString() {
return Base62.codec().encode(toSerializedBytes());
}
byte[] toSerializedBytes() {
byte[] keyIdBytes = keyId.asBytes();
// u8 token version || u8 length(key id) || key id || u8 length(enc) || enc || ciphertext
ByteBuffer encoded = ByteBuffer.allocate(1 + 1 + keyIdBytes.length + 1 + enc.length + ciphertext.length);
encoded.put((byte)version);
encoded.put((byte)keyIdBytes.length);
encoded.put(keyIdBytes);
encoded.put((byte)enc.length);
encoded.put(enc);
encoded.put(ciphertext);
encoded.flip();
byte[] encBytes = new byte[encoded.remaining()];
encoded.get(encBytes);
return encBytes;
}
/**
* Attempts to unwrap a SealedSharedKey opaque token representation that was previously
* created by a call to toTokenString().
*/
public static SealedSharedKey fromTokenString(String tokenString) {
verifyInputTokenStringNotTooLarge(tokenString);
byte[] rawTokenBytes = Base62.codec().decode(tokenString);
return fromSerializedBytes(rawTokenBytes);
}
static SealedSharedKey fromSerializedBytes(byte[] rawTokenBytes) {
if (rawTokenBytes.length < 1) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Decoded token too small to contain a version");
}
ByteBuffer decoded = ByteBuffer.wrap(rawTokenBytes);
// u8 token version || u8 length(key id) || key id || u8 length(enc) || enc || ciphertext
int version = Byte.toUnsignedInt(decoded.get());
if (version < 1 || version > CURRENT_TOKEN_VERSION) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Token had unexpected version. Expected value in [1, %d], was %d"
.formatted(CURRENT_TOKEN_VERSION, version));
}
int keyIdLen = Byte.toUnsignedInt(decoded.get());
byte[] keyIdBytes = new byte[keyIdLen];
decoded.get(keyIdBytes);
int encLen = Byte.toUnsignedInt(decoded.get());
byte[] enc = new byte[encLen];
decoded.get(enc);
byte[] ciphertext = new byte[decoded.remaining()];
decoded.get(ciphertext);
return new SealedSharedKey(version, KeyId.ofBytes(keyIdBytes), enc, ciphertext);
}
public int tokenVersion() { return version; }
private static void verifyInputTokenStringNotTooLarge(String tokenString) {
if (tokenString.length() > MAX_TOKEN_STRING_LENGTH) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Token string is too long to possibly be a valid token");
}
}
// Friendlier toString() with hex dump of enc/ciphertext fields
@Override
public String toString() {
return "SealedSharedKey{" +
"version=" + version +
", keyId=" + keyId +
", enc=" + hex(enc) +
", ciphertext=" + hex(ciphertext) +
'}';
}
// Explicitly generated equals() and hashCode() to use _contents_ of
// enc/ciphertext arrays, and not just their refs.
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) return true;
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
SealedSharedKey that = (SealedSharedKey) o;
return version == that.version && keyId.equals(that.keyId) &&
Arrays.equals(enc, that.enc) &&
Arrays.equals(ciphertext, that.ciphertext);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int result = Objects.hash(version, keyId);
result = 31 * result + Arrays.hashCode(enc);
result = 31 * result + Arrays.hashCode(ciphertext);
return result;
}
}
``` |
Topsi is a census town in the Jamuria CD block in the Asansol Sadar subdivision of Paschim Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Geography
Location
Topsi is located at
Urbanisation
According to the 2011 census, 83.33% of the population of Asansol Sadar subdivision was urban and 16.67% was rural. In 2015, the municipal areas of Kulti, Raniganj and Jamuria were included within the jurisdiction of Asansol Municipal Corporation. Asansol Sadar subdivision has 26 (+1 partly) Census Towns.(partly presented in the map alongside; all places marked on the map are linked in the full-screen map).
Demographics
According to the 2011 Census of India, Topsi had a total population of 4,329 of which 2,249 (52%) were males and 2,080 (48%) were females. Population in the age group 0–6 years was 556. The total number of literate persons in Topsi was 2,733 (72.44% of the population over 6 years).
*For language details see Jamuria (community development block)#Language and religion
According to the 2011 census, the urban agglomeration (UA) centred upon Asansol had a population of 1,243,414. In addition to the erstwhile municipalities of Kulti, Jamuria, and Raniganj subsequently incorporated into the Asansol Municipal Corporation, the agglomeration included the census towns of Amkula, Baktarnagar, Ballavpur, Bhanowara, Domohani, Egara, Jemari (J.K. Nagar Township), Majiara, Murgathaul, Raghunathchak, Sahebganj and Topsi, and also Charanpur, an outgrowth of Jamuria.
Infrastructure
According to the District Census Handbook 2011, Bardhaman, Topsi covered an area of 2.1691 km2. Among the civic amenities, it had 12.5 km roads with open drains, the protected water supply involved service reservoir, tap water from treated sources, uncovered wells. It had 300 domestic electric connections. Among the medical facilities the nearest dispensary/ health centre was 2 km away. Among the educational facilities it had were 5 primary schools, 1 middle school, other nearest educational facilities at Raniganj 10 km away. It had 2 non-formal education centres (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan). Among the social, recreational and cultural facilities, it had 1 stadium, 3 auditorium/ community halls. Among the important commodities it manufactured were wine and cement. It had the branch office of 1 nationalised bank.
Economy
As per ECL website telephone numbers, operational collieries in the Kunustoria Area in 2018 are: Amritnagar Colliery, Amrasota Colliery, Bansra Colliery, Belbaid Colliery, Kunustoria Colliery, Mahabir OCP, North Searsole Colliery, Parasea Colliery, Parasea 6 & 7 Incline and Parasea OCP.
Transport
There is a station at Tapasi on the Andal-Jamuria-Sitarampur branch line.
Education
Sriharikisen Public School is a Hindi-medium coeducational institution established in 1996. It has arrangements for teaching from class I to class VIII.
Topsi Junior High School is a Bengali-medium coeducational school established in 2009. It has arrangements for teaching from class V to class VIII.
Healthcare
Medical facilities (hospitals and dispensaries) in the Kunustoria Area of ECL are available at Kunstoria Area Hospital (with 50 beds) (Banshra), Parasea Colliery (PO Parasea), Belbaid Colliery (PO Parasea), Kunustoria Colliery (PO Toposi), North Searsole Colliery (PO Bijpur), Bansra Colliery (PO Banshra), Amritnagar Colliery (PO Raniganj), Mahabir Colliery (PO Raniganj).
References
Cities and towns in Paschim Bardhaman district |
The A81 road is a major road in Scotland. It runs from Glasgow to Callander via Woodside and Maryhill within the city, as well as Bearsden, Milngavie and Strathblane, a total of .
The A81 has been ranked among the five most dangerous roads in Scotland based on serious and fatal accidents between 2007 and 2009, in proportion to volume of traffic.
Notes
Roads in Scotland
Transport in Glasgow
Transport in Stirling (council area)
Transport in East Dunbartonshire
Maryhill
Bearsden
Milngavie
Callander |
Le Quotidien Jurassien is a Swiss French language regional daily newspaper published in the Jura canton, Switzerland.
History and profile
Le Quotidien Jurassien was founded in 1993 following the merger of the newspapers Le Pays and Le Démocrate. The paper is based in Delémont and published by Editions D+P SA. As of 2012 the paper was described as a leftist publication.
In 1997 Le Quotidien Jurassien had a circulation of 24,821 copies. In the first half of 2008 the paper had a readership of 48,000 and it was 44,000 in the second half.
References
External links
1993 establishments in Switzerland
Daily newspapers published in Switzerland
French-language newspapers published in Switzerland
Mass media in Delémont
Newspapers established in 1993 |
Jordan I () (after 1046 – 1091), count of Aversa and prince of Capua from 1078 to his death, was the eldest son and successor of Prince Richard I of Capua and Fressenda, a daughter of Tancred of Hauteville and his second wife, also named Fressenda, and the nephew of Robert Guiscard, duke of Apulia, Calabria, and Sicily. He, according to William of Apulia, "equalled in his virtues both the duke and his father."
In 1071, Jordan briefly rebelled against his father with the support of his uncle, Ranulf. In 1078, while his father was besieging Naples with Robert Guiscard, Jordan and Robert, count of Loritello, were ravaging the Abruzzi, then papal territory. He, his father, and the duke were all excommunicated, when, suddenly, his father fell ill, retired to Capua, reconciled with the church, and died. Jordan, fearing to rule under the ban of the church, called off the siege of Naples and went to Rome to reconcile himself to Pope Gregory VII and rectify his relations with the church, of which his father had been both servant and protector. It appears that he intended to take up the position of his father vis-a-vis the papacy and to return to unfriendly relations with the duke of Apulia, for Gregory visited Capua a mere three months after Richard's death and Jordan, probably with papal prodding, began fomenting revolt in the Guiscard's lands. The revolt, the widely supported and well-organised, was ineffectual in really curbing Robert's influence and power.
One of his chief advisors was the abbot of Montecassino, Desiderius of Benevento, who mediated between the prince and the Emperor Henry IV on the latter's descent into Italy (1081). Jordan forsook his erstwhile papal ally in exchange for an imperial investiture. Though Robert Guiscard and his brother Roger marched against him, Roger was recalled to Sicily and the expedition fell apart.
In 1085, on Robert's death, Jordan supported Bohemond, the elder son, over Roger Borsa, the eldest by Sichelgaita, who was his own sister-in-law, he having married Gaitelgrima, another daughter of Prince Guaimar IV of Salerno. For the next three years, Bohemond held Apulia with the assistance of well-trained Capuan armies. In that same year, the pope died and the antipope Clement III continued to claim the papacy. In hopes of curbing the influence of Clement and united his interests with those of the papacy once again, he pressured the College of Cardinals to elect Desiderius of Montecassino as successor Gregory. At the same time, Roger Borsa freed the captured imperial prefect of Rome in opposition to the pretensions of Jordan and the Papal Curia, which had refused confirmation of Roger's archiepiscopal candidate for Salerno. The move backfired and Desiderius, under pressure from Jordan to accept, was elected pope as Victor III. With the aid of armies from Jordan and the Countess Matilda of Tuscany, Victor took the Vatican Hill from Clement on 1 July 1086. The pope remained lukewarm to his new job until Jordan suggested that only through decisive action could the good fortune of his beloved abbey of Montecassino be sustained. This led to an important synod at Benevento (1087), where Clement was excommunicated, lay investiture outlawed, and war with the Saracens of Africa declared.
The remainder of Jordan's career was not notable and he died in November 1090 or 1091 in Piperna (near Terracina) and was buried in the monastery he had long supported, Montecassino, leaving a young son named Richard who succeeded him. His other sons, Robert and Jordan, would also succeed to the Capuan throne some day, and he left one unnamed daughter.
References
William of Apulia. Books One and The Deeds of Robert Guiscard: Book Two.
Norwich, John Julius. The Normans in the South, 1016–1130. London: Longmans, 1967.
"Giordano I." Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani. Mario Caravale, ed. Rome: 2003.
Notes
|-
|-
1091 deaths
Italo-Normans
Norman warriors
Jordan 1
Jordan 1
Year of birth unknown |
Mia Abagale Tallarico (born December 22, 1978), better known as Mia Tyler, is an American actress, model, media personality and socialite.
Early life and education
Tyler is the daughter of rock singer Steven Tyler of the band Aerosmith and actress Cyrinda Foxe. She was born at Alice Peck Day Hospital in Lebanon, New Hampshire, and raised nearby, primarily by Lake Sunapee. She is the paternal half-sister of actress Liv Tyler (whose mother is model and singer Bebe Buell). In 1979, Steven Tyler wrote a song titled after Mia, which was released on the Aerosmith album Night in the Ruts.
Tyler's parents divorced in 1987, and by 1990 she and her mother relocated from New Hampshire to New York City. Her mother died in 2002 of a brain tumor (diagnosed in 1997).
Career
At age 17, Tyler appeared as a VJ on the MTV show House of Style. Primarily a fashion model, she has been represented by the modeling agency Wilhelmina Models. She has appeared in such elite magazines as Seventeen, Teen, Teen People, Mode, Us, Jump, YM, Moxie Girl, Vogue and on the cover of Flare. She modeled for H&M, MXM], Penningtons and Lane Bryant. She has also appeared on the runways of New York and Paris.
Tyler launched her own clothing line, Revolution 1228, in February 2009.
In 2005 Tyler was a member of the VH1 reality show Celebrity Fit Club, and featured in Really Rich Real Estate, also on VH1, in 2006. In March 2009, Tyler was a judge on Pretty Wicked, a reality show that airs on the Oxygen network.
She has had a few acting roles, including Marsha in Rush Hour 3, and in A Little Bit of Lipstick.
In 2008, Tyler released her autobiography Creating Myself.
She held art shows at various galleries, featuring her X-rated, adult-theme paintings, in 2012.
Tyler along with Steven both appeared in the Season 13 episode of Hell's Kitchen as chef's table guests in the red kitchen.
Personal life
Tyler lived for many years in Sacramento.
In 2002, Tyler married ex-Papa Roach drummer Dave Buckner in Sacramento, California; the two were divorced in 2005. She was also engaged to guitarist Brian Harrah, but the couple broke up in 2008. Mia gave birth on May 10, 2017 to Axton Joseph Tallarico, a son from a brief relationship with an ex.
She is now currently dating former Hell's Kitchen contestant, Joseph Tinnelly.
References
External links
Mia Tyler at MySpace
Mia Tyler at Instagram
Mia Tyler at Twitter
Mia Tyler at Facebook
1978 births
21st-century American actresses
Living people
Female models from New Hampshire
Actresses from Sacramento, California
American film actresses
Plus-size models
People from Hanover, New Hampshire
American people of African descent
American people of Armenian descent
American people of English descent
American people of German descent
American people of Italian descent
American people of Polish descent
American people of Ukrainian descent
People of Calabrian descent
Participants in American reality television series |
Robin Patel is a Canadian born microbiologist and Elizabeth P. and Robert E. Allen Professor of Individualized Medicine, a Professor of Microbiology, and a Professor of Medicine at the Mayo Clinic. She is widely recognized as a leader in the field of clinical microbiology and has held a variety of leadership positions including 2019–2020 President of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) and Director of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) Laboratory Center of the National institutes of Health. She is currently the Vice Chair of Education in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at the Mayo Clinic, and Director of the Mayo Clinic's Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, where she studies biofilms, antimicrobial resistance, periprosthetic joint infection and diagnostic testing of bacteria.
Personal life
Born to a family of modest means in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Robin Patel and her family moved to the suburbs of Montreal, Québec, when she was four years old. Her parents are Barbara A. Foster and Nagin K. Patel, and she has two younger siblings, Janice E Patel and Harish DS Patel. She attended John Rennie High School following which she spent a year at Marianapolis College in Montreal and then matriculated to Princeton University in 1982.
Dr. Patel is married to Norbert Campeau, who is a radiologist also at the Mayo Clinic. They have two children, David and Michelle, both of whom attended Mayo High School and were named as top achievers.
Education and career
Patel earned a BA degree in chemistry from Princeton University, graduating magna cum laude, Phi Beta Kappa, and Sigma Xi in 1985. She earned an MD from McGill University, graduating in 1989. At McGill University, she was supported by a Greville Smith scholarship and received several scholarly awards/prizes (Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Besner Prize, Mosby Scholarship Book Award, Newell W. Philpott Prize, Osler Medical Aid Foundation Bursary & Commonwealth Medical Elective Bursary and Elizabeth Ann Munro Gordon Prize).
She completed a residency in internal medicine at the Mayo Graduate School of Medicine, followed by fellowships in infectious diseases and clinical microbiology. She began working at the Mayo Clinic after the completion of her fellowships in 1996. In 2003, she received a Department of Medicine Laureate Award - Mayo Clinic, and in 2008 an Outstanding Woman in Medicine award from the Mayo Chapters of the AMSA & AMWA. In 2019, she delivered the Maxwell Finland Award Lecture at IDWeek (Washington, DC). In 2021, she was named a Distinguished Educator at Mayo Clinic. In 2022, she was the second woman ever to the Hamao Umezawa Memorial Award from the International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy and was named Mayo Clinic's Distinguished Investigator.
Patel's scientific contributions includes authorship in over 540 peer-reviewed publications and over 20 book chapters. She has served as an editor for the Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Clinical Infectious Diseases (CID). She is also an advisor to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Subcommittee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. She served as a member of National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Council, Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Subcommittee (National Institutes of Health) from 2017-2021. She is serving as a member of the Scientific Advisory Board, Doherty Institute (Melbourne, Australia), a member of the Laboratory Workgroup, Advisory Committee to the Director of the CDC, a member, of the Planning Committee for the National Academies Workshop, Accelerating the Development & Uptake of Rapid Diagnostics to Address Antibiotic Resistance, and a member, of the Test Development and Advisory Committee, Medical Microbiology and Clinical Pathology for ABPath CertLink committee of the American Board of Pathology.
Awards, honors, and memberships
2022 awardee of Hamao Umezawa Memorial Award (HUMA) from International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (ISAC)
Mayo Clinic Distinguished Investigator Award, 2022
Mayo Clinic Distinguished Educator Award, 2021
ASM Special Recognition Award, 2021
President of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), 2019-2020
Maxwell Finland Award, IDWeek (Washington, DC), 2019
Elizabeth P. and Robert E. Allen Professor of Individualized Medicine, 2017 - present
BD Award for Research in Clinical Microbiology, ASM, 2015
Mayo Medical School Distinguished Service Award, 2015
Outstanding Woman in Medicine - Mayo Chapters of the AMSA & AMWA, 2008
Fellow, American Academy of Microbiology, 2012 - present
Editor, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2009 - 2019
Department of Medicine Laureate Award - Mayo Clinic, 2003
Joseph E. Geraci Award for Infectious Diseases Outstanding Achievement - Mayo Clinic, 1995
William H.J. Summerskill Award in Subspecialty Trainee Research - Mayo Clinic, 1995
References
American microbiologists
Mayo Clinic people
Princeton University alumni
McGill University Faculty of Medicine alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Defence in a Competitive Age is a Ministry of Defence command paper which was released on 22 March 2021. It provided details on changes to the armed forces to meet the requirements of the Integrated Review which was published before it on 16 March 2021.
Royal Navy
, a Batch 2 , will be permanently based in Gibraltar, and and will both be permanently based in the Indo-Pacific.
A new Multi-Role Ocean Surveillance Ship will be acquired, tasked to deal with protecting critical national infrastructure, such as undersea cables.
s and s will be replaced by autonomous minehunting systems.
Two Littoral Response Groups will be formed one based in the North Atlantic, and another in the Indo-Pacific.
The Type 83 destroyer will be developed to replace the Type 45 destroyers in the late 2030s.
Two Type 23 frigates will be retired early, before an increase in numbers with the introduction of the Type 26 frigate, Type 31 frigate and Type 32 frigate.
The Type 45 destroyer will receive upgraded air defence weapons.
The "next generation of subsea systems" to replace the Astute-class fleet submarines will be developed and enter service in the 2040s.
British Army
The British Army will be reduced in establishment, to 72,500 regular personnel by 2025, with no change in reserves. This was later changed to 73,000 — an increase of 500 personnel — in November 2021.
Deploying army forces will be reorganised into five new 'brigade combat teams':
one 'Deep Recce Strike' (with the Ajax armoured vehicle)
two 'Heavy' (equipped with Challenger 3 tank and Boxer armoured fighting vehicle)
two 'Light', one consisting of light cavalry (utilising Jackal light vehicles) and Light Mechanised Infantry (Foxhound armoured cars), and one consisting of light cavalry and light infantry.
79 Challenger 2 main battle tanks will be retired, with the remaining 148 upgraded to Challenger 3.
The planned Warrior upgrade will be cancelled, and instead the vehicles will be retired upon the introduction of Boxer in the mid-2020s.
£800 million will be invested in a new automated fires platform.
£250 million will be invested in Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System (GMLRS).
The 1st and 2nd Battalions of the Mercian Regiment will be amalgamated when the Boxer enters service as the 1st Battalion.
New Combat Service Support Battalions will be formed, grouping the Royal Logistic Corps, Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, and Royal Army Medical Corps. Two new battalions will be formed by 2023 as part of the new Strike Brigade concept. This decision had previously been announced with 1st Close Support Battalion, REME and 1st Regiment RLC paving the way.
New tactical surveillance drones, and new electronic warfare and cyberspace capabilities will be brought into service.
Manning will increase in the areas of electronic warfare, air defence, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
The Infantry will be restructured into four new divisions.
A new Global Readiness Force will be formed, consisting of the newly formed 1st Combat Aviation Brigade, and 16th Air Assault Brigade, the latter of which will be reinforced by a further infantry battalion. These forces will become known as the Army's 'Air Manoeuvre Forces'.
A new four-battalion Ranger Regiment will be formed in August 2021, seeded from the Royal Scots Borderers, 1st Battalion Royal Regiment of Scotland; 2nd Battalion, Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment; 2nd Battalion, Duke of Lancaster's Regiment; and 4th Battalion, The Rifles. The new regiment will sit within the redesignated Specialised Infantry Group, becoming the Army Special Operations Brigade.
A Security Force Assistance Brigade will be formed to assist and train partner nations. The 11th Infantry Brigade and Headquarters South East would be redesignated as such in due course.
Royal Air Force
£2 billion will be invested in the Future Combat Air System over the next four years.
The Boeing 737 AEW&C "Wedgetail" order will be reduced from five to three.
The Lockheed C-130 Hercules fleet will be retired by 2023.
The order of 48 Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II will be increased. However, the 2015 commitment to procure 138 F-35s is not referred to. On 23 March, the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff estimated that the final fleet will total between 60 and 80 aircraft.
16 Protector UAVs will replace the current 9 Reapers.
All Tranche 1 Eurofighter Typhoon fighters will be retired by 2025. The remaining Typhoons will be upgraded.
The Hawk T1 aircraft will be retired by 2025.
Other
£200 million will be invested over 10 years to deliver an 'enhanced electronic warfare and signal intelligence capability'. Further manning will increase with the area of collection and exploitation of signal intelligence.
£6.6 billion will be invested into space over the next 4 years.
References
Defence White Paper
Defence white papers
2021 in military history
2021 in British politics
21st-century military history of the United Kingdom
Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
Future Soldier |
The Banda Arc (main arc, Inner, and Outer) is a dual chain of islands in eastern Indonesia. It is the result of the collision of a continent and an intra-oceanic island arc. The presently active volcanic arc is mounted on stretched continental and oceanic crust whereas the associated subduction trench is underlain by continental crust, which has subducted deep enough to contaminate the volcanic arc with continental melts. The convergence of the Indo-Australian plates and Eurasia resulted in the formation of the Sunda and Banda island arcs. The transitional zone between the arcs is located south of Flores Island and is characterized by the change in the tectonic regime along the boundary. in the Timor Region.
Terminology
Some academic literature refers to the arcs by location – so that the main arc can be referred to as the 'southern', the 'western' Situated at the centre of three converging and colliding major tectonic plates, Indo-Australia, Eurasia, Pacific, the Banda arc includes young oceanic crust enclosed by a volcanic inner arc, outer arc islands and a trough parallel to the Australian continental margin. It is a complex subduction setting (where one plate moves under another, sinking into the Earth's mantle), with possibly the largest fold on Earth, extending to a depth of about , in a subducted plate.
Inner and outer arcs
The Banda Arc is a double island arc formed by the collision of the Indo-Australian plate with the Eurasian plate. Principal islands include Timor, Flores, and Seram.
The Inner Banda Arc consists of a string of recent and active volcanic islands from Komodo to Kekeh-besar of the Barat Daya Islands, including Flores, Solor, Alor, Wetar, and Damar.
The Outer Banda Arc consists of an accretionary wedge of Australian continental margin cover units that were scrapped off the Australian plate and added to the southern edge of the Asian plate. The Banda arc-continent collision is still active and converging at a rate of 7 cm/a. It stretches from Savu through Rote, Timor, Leti, Babar, Tanimbar, and the Kai Islands, before turning west to Seram, Ambon, and Buru. The outer arc is geologically associated with the Australian continent, though it is a more recent accretion than the neighbouring Aru Islands.
The resulting feature is a 180-degree island arc, which is more than long. Geographically, it stretches across eastern Indonesia, and is delimited by an active inner volcanic arc. The outer arc contains numerous islands, and its internal geologic structure contains young oceanic crust exclusively.
See also
Weber Deep
Banda Sea Plate
Islands of Indonesia
Oceanic trench
Plate tectonic
Sunda Arc
Sunda Islands
Greater Sunda Islands
Lesser Sunda Islands
Sundaland
Sunda Trench
References
Plate tectonics
Island arcs
Archipelagoes of Indonesia
Arcs of Indonesia |
Bozkurt is a municipality and district of Denizli Province, Turkey. Its area is 462 km2, and its population is 12,331 (2022). The town is situated on a plain east of the city of Denizli. The altitude of the town is 867 m. It is quite close to the Lake Acıgöl and the neighboring town of Çardak and İnceler Kasabası
This is high country inland from the Aegean and Mediterranean, and has hot, dry summers and cold, wet winters.
During the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) refugees from Bulgaria were settled on the plain, which was then known as Hanabat after a Seljuk Turkish caravanserai that stands within the boundaries of the present-day neighboring district of Çardak. Immigration from Bulgaria continued until recent times.
This is an agricultural district, with irrigation systems currently being constructed.
Karagöl, literally "the black lake", is situated on top of the mountain on the slopes of which the town of Bozkurt is located. Karagöl is at an altitude of 1,250m and is an area of dense forests centered on several small crater lakes which are also fed by streams.
Composition
There are 20 neighbourhoods in Bozkurt District:
Alikurt
Armutalanı
Avdan
Baklankuyucak
Barbaros
Başçeşme
Çambaşı
Cumalı
Fatih
Hamidiye
Hayrettinköy
İnceler
İncelertekkesi
Mahmudiye
Mecidiye
Mehmetcik
Mimar Sinan
Sazköy
Tutluca
Yenibağlar
References
Populated places in Denizli Province
Districts of Denizli Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey |
```c++
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#include "src/date/dateparser.h"
#include "src/objects/objects-inl.h"
#include "src/strings/char-predicates-inl.h"
namespace v8 {
namespace internal {
bool DateParser::DayComposer::Write(double* output) {
if (index_ < 1) return false;
// Day and month defaults to 1.
while (index_ < kSize) {
comp_[index_++] = 1;
}
int year = 0; // Default year is 0 (=> 2000) for KJS compatibility.
int month = kNone;
int day = kNone;
if (named_month_ == kNone) {
if (is_iso_date_ || (index_ == 3 && !IsDay(comp_[0]))) {
// YMD
year = comp_[0];
month = comp_[1];
day = comp_[2];
} else {
// MD(Y)
month = comp_[0];
day = comp_[1];
if (index_ == 3) year = comp_[2];
}
} else {
month = named_month_;
if (index_ == 1) {
// MD or DM
day = comp_[0];
} else if (!IsDay(comp_[0])) {
// YMD, MYD, or YDM
year = comp_[0];
day = comp_[1];
} else {
// DMY, MDY, or DYM
day = comp_[0];
year = comp_[1];
}
}
if (!is_iso_date_) {
if (Between(year, 0, 49))
year += 2000;
else if (Between(year, 50, 99))
year += 1900;
}
if (!Smi::IsValid(year) || !IsMonth(month) || !IsDay(day)) return false;
output[YEAR] = year;
output[MONTH] = month - 1; // 0-based
output[DAY] = day;
return true;
}
bool DateParser::TimeComposer::Write(double* output) {
// All time slots default to 0
while (index_ < kSize) {
comp_[index_++] = 0;
}
int& hour = comp_[0];
int& minute = comp_[1];
int& second = comp_[2];
int& millisecond = comp_[3];
if (hour_offset_ != kNone) {
if (!IsHour12(hour)) return false;
hour %= 12;
hour += hour_offset_;
}
if (!IsHour(hour) || !IsMinute(minute) || !IsSecond(second) ||
!IsMillisecond(millisecond)) {
// A 24th hour is allowed if minutes, seconds, and milliseconds are 0
if (hour != 24 || minute != 0 || second != 0 || millisecond != 0) {
return false;
}
}
output[HOUR] = hour;
output[MINUTE] = minute;
output[SECOND] = second;
output[MILLISECOND] = millisecond;
return true;
}
bool DateParser::TimeZoneComposer::Write(double* output) {
if (sign_ != kNone) {
if (hour_ == kNone) hour_ = 0;
if (minute_ == kNone) minute_ = 0;
// Avoid signed integer overflow (undefined behavior) by doing unsigned
// arithmetic.
unsigned total_seconds_unsigned = hour_ * 3600U + minute_ * 60U;
if (total_seconds_unsigned > Smi::kMaxValue) return false;
int total_seconds = static_cast<int>(total_seconds_unsigned);
if (sign_ < 0) {
total_seconds = -total_seconds;
}
DCHECK(Smi::IsValid(total_seconds));
output[UTC_OFFSET] = total_seconds;
} else {
output[UTC_OFFSET] = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
}
return true;
}
const int8_t
DateParser::KeywordTable::array[][DateParser::KeywordTable::kEntrySize] = {
{'j', 'a', 'n', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 1},
{'f', 'e', 'b', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 2},
{'m', 'a', 'r', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 3},
{'a', 'p', 'r', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 4},
{'m', 'a', 'y', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 5},
{'j', 'u', 'n', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 6},
{'j', 'u', 'l', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 7},
{'a', 'u', 'g', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 8},
{'s', 'e', 'p', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 9},
{'o', 'c', 't', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 10},
{'n', 'o', 'v', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 11},
{'d', 'e', 'c', DateParser::MONTH_NAME, 12},
{'a', 'm', '\0', DateParser::AM_PM, 0},
{'p', 'm', '\0', DateParser::AM_PM, 12},
{'u', 't', '\0', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, 0},
{'u', 't', 'c', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, 0},
{'z', '\0', '\0', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, 0},
{'g', 'm', 't', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, 0},
{'c', 'd', 't', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, -5},
{'c', 's', 't', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, -6},
{'e', 'd', 't', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, -4},
{'e', 's', 't', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, -5},
{'m', 'd', 't', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, -6},
{'m', 's', 't', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, -7},
{'p', 'd', 't', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, -7},
{'p', 's', 't', DateParser::TIME_ZONE_NAME, -8},
{'t', '\0', '\0', DateParser::TIME_SEPARATOR, 0},
{'\0', '\0', '\0', DateParser::INVALID, 0},
};
// We could use perfect hashing here, but this is not a bottleneck.
int DateParser::KeywordTable::Lookup(const uint32_t* pre, int len) {
int i;
for (i = 0; array[i][kTypeOffset] != INVALID; i++) {
int j = 0;
while (j < kPrefixLength && pre[j] == static_cast<uint32_t>(array[i][j])) {
j++;
}
// Check if we have a match and the length is legal.
// Word longer than keyword is only allowed for month names.
if (j == kPrefixLength &&
(len <= kPrefixLength || array[i][kTypeOffset] == MONTH_NAME)) {
return i;
}
}
return i;
}
int DateParser::ReadMilliseconds(DateToken token) {
// Read first three significant digits of the original numeral,
// as inferred from the value and the number of digits.
// I.e., use the number of digits to see if there were
// leading zeros.
int number = token.number();
int length = token.length();
if (length < 3) {
// Less than three digits. Multiply to put most significant digit
// in hundreds position.
if (length == 1) {
number *= 100;
} else if (length == 2) {
number *= 10;
}
} else if (length > 3) {
if (length > kMaxSignificantDigits) length = kMaxSignificantDigits;
// More than three digits. Divide by 10^(length - 3) to get three
// most significant digits.
int factor = 1;
do {
DCHECK_LE(factor, 100000000); // factor won't overflow.
factor *= 10;
length--;
} while (length > 3);
number /= factor;
}
return number;
}
} // namespace internal
} // namespace v8
``` |
```xml
import BrepCurve from 'geom/curves/brepCurve';
import NurbsCurve from 'geom/curves/nurbsCurve';
import {makeAngle0_360} from 'math/commons'
import {normalizeCurveEnds} from 'geom/impl/nurbs-ext';
import Vector from 'math/vector';
import CSys from "math/csys";
import {distanceAB} from "math/distance";
import {isCCW} from "geom/euclidean";
import {OCCCommandInterface} from "cad/craft/e0/occCommandInterface";
const RESOLUTION = 20;
export class SketchPrimitive {
id: string;
inverted: boolean;
constructor(id) {
this.id = id;
this.inverted = false;
}
invert() {
this.inverted = !this.inverted;
}
tessellate(resolution) {
return this.toNurbs(CSys.ORIGIN).tessellate(resolution);
// return brepCurve.impl.verb.tessellate().map(p => new Vector().set3(p) );
// const tessellation = this.tessellateImpl(resolution);
// if (this.inverted) {
// tessellation.reverse();
// }
// return tessellation;
}
get isCurve() {
return this.constructor.name !== 'Segment';
}
get isSegment() {
return !this.isCurve;
}
toNurbs(csys: CSys) {
let verbNurbs = this.toVerbNurbs(csys.outTransformation.apply, csys);
if (this.inverted) {
verbNurbs = verbNurbs.reverse();
}
const data = verbNurbs.asNurbs();
normalizeCurveEnds(data);
verbNurbs = new verb.geom.NurbsCurve(data);
return new BrepCurve(new NurbsCurve(verbNurbs));
}
toVerbNurbs(tr, csys): any {
throw 'not implemented'
}
tessellateImpl() {
throw 'not implemented'
}
toOCCGeometry(oci: OCCCommandInterface, underName: string, csys: CSys) {
throw 'not implemented'
}
massiveness() {
return 50;
}
}
export class Segment extends SketchPrimitive {
a: Vector;
b: Vector;
constructor(id, a, b) {
super(id);
this.a = a;
this.b = b;
}
tessellate(resolution) {
return [this.a, this.b];
}
toVerbNurbs(tr) {
return new verb.geom.Line(tr(this.a).data(), tr(this.b).data());
}
toGenericForm() {
const endpoints = [
this.a, //from endpoint
this.b, //to endpoint
];
if (this.inverted) {
endpoints.reverse();
}
return endpoints
}
toOCCGeometry(oci: OCCCommandInterface, underName: string, csys: CSys) {
const genForm = this.toGenericForm().map(csys.outTransformation.apply);
const [A, B] = genForm;
oci.point(underName + "_A", A.x, A.y, A.z);
oci.point(underName + "_B", B.x, B.y, B.z);
oci.gcarc(underName, "seg", underName + "_A", underName + "_B")
}
tangentAtStart(): Vector {
return this.b.minus(this.a);
}
tangentAtEnd(): Vector {
return this.a.minus(this.b);
}
massiveness() {
return this.a.minus(this.b).length();
}
}
export class Arc extends SketchPrimitive {
a: Vector;
b: Vector;
c: Vector;
constructor(id, a, b, c) {
super(id);
this.a = a;
this.b = b;
this.c = c;
}
toVerbNurbs(tr, csys) {
const basisX = csys.x;
const basisY = csys.y;
const startAngle = makeAngle0_360(Math.atan2(this.a.y - this.c.y, this.a.x - this.c.x));
const endAngle = makeAngle0_360(Math.atan2(this.b.y - this.c.y, this.b.x - this.c.x));
let angle = endAngle - startAngle;
if (angle < 0) {
angle = Math.PI * 2 + angle;
}
function pointAtAngle(angle) {
const dx = basisX.multiply(Math.cos(angle));
const dy = basisY.multiply(Math.sin(angle));
return dx.plus(dy);
}
const xAxis = pointAtAngle(startAngle);
const yAxis = pointAtAngle(startAngle + Math.PI * 0.5);
const arc = new verb.geom.Arc(tr(this.c).data(), xAxis.data(), yAxis.data(), distanceAB(this.c, this.a), 0, Math.abs(angle));
return adjustEnds(arc, tr(this.a), tr(this.b))
}
toGenericForm() {
const endpoints = [this.a, this.b];
if (this.inverted) {
endpoints.reverse();
}
const [a, b] = endpoints;
const tangent = a.minus(this.c)._perpXY() //tangent vector
if (this.inverted) {
tangent._negate();
}
return [
a, //from endpoint
b, //to endpoint
tangent //tangent vector
]
}
toOCCGeometry(oci: OCCCommandInterface, underName: string, csys: CSys) {
const tr = csys.outTransformation.apply;
const s = this;
const a = tr(s.inverted ? s.b : s.a);
const b = tr(s.inverted ? s.a : s.b);
const c = tr(s.c);
const tangent = c.minus(a)._cross(csys.z);//._normalize();
if (s.inverted) {
tangent._negate();
}
const A_TAN = a.plus(tangent);
oci.point(underName + "_A", a.x, a.y, a.z);
oci.point(underName + "_B", b.x, b.y, b.z);
oci.point(underName + "_T1", a.x, a.y, a.z);
oci.point(underName + "_T2", A_TAN.x, A_TAN.y, A_TAN.z);
oci.gcarc(underName, "cir", underName + "_A", underName + "_T1", underName + "_T2", underName + "_B")
}
massiveness() {
return this.a.minus(this.b).length();
}
}
export class BezierCurve extends SketchPrimitive {
a: Vector;
b: Vector;
cp1: Vector;
cp2: Vector;
constructor(id, a, b, cp1, cp2) {
super(id);
this.a = a;
this.b = b;
this.cp1 = cp1;
this.cp2 = cp2;
}
toVerbNurbs(tr) {
return new verb.geom.BezierCurve([tr(this.a).data(), tr(this.cp1).data(), tr(this.cp2).data(), tr(this.b).data()], null);
}
massiveness() {
return this.a.minus(this.b).length();
}
}
export class EllipticalArc extends SketchPrimitive {
c: Vector;
rx: number;
ry: number;
rot: number
a: Vector;
b: Vector;
constructor(id, c, rx, ry, rot, a, b) {
super(id);
this.c = c;
this.rx = rx;
this.ry = ry;
this.rot = rot;
this.a = a;
this.b = b;
}
toVerbNurbs(tr, csys) {
const ax = Math.cos(this.rot);
const ay = Math.sin(this.rot);
const xAxis = new Vector(ax, ay)._multiply(this.rx);
const yAxis = new Vector(-ay, ax)._multiply(this.ry);
const startAngle = Math.atan2(this.a.y - this.c.y, this.a.x - this.c.x) - this.rot;
const endAngle = Math.atan2(this.b.y - this.c.y, this.b.x - this.c.x) - this.rot;
if (startAngle > endAngle) {
}
// let arc = new verb.geom.EllipseArc(tr(this.c).data(), tr(xAxis).data(), tr(yAxis).data(), startAngle, endAngle);
let arc = new verb.geom.EllipseArc(this.c.data(), xAxis.data(), yAxis.data(), startAngle, endAngle);
arc = arc.transform(csys.outTransformation.toArray());
return arc;
// return adjustEnds(arc, tr(this.a), tr(this.b))
}
massiveness() {
return Math.max(this.rx, this.ry);
}
}
export class Circle extends SketchPrimitive {
c: Vector;
r: number
constructor(id, c, r) {
super(id);
this.c = c;
this.r = r;
}
toVerbNurbs(tr, csys) {
const basisX = csys.x;
const basisY = csys.y;
return new verb.geom.Circle(tr(this.c).data(), basisX.data(), basisY.data(), this.r);
}
toOCCGeometry(oci: OCCCommandInterface, underName: string, csys: CSys) {
const C = csys.outTransformation.apply(this.c);
const DIR = csys.z;
oci.circle(underName, ...C.data(), ...DIR.data(), this.r);
}
massiveness() {
return this.r;
}
}
export class Ellipse extends SketchPrimitive {
c: Vector;
rx: number;
ry: number;
rot: number
constructor(id, c, rx, ry, rot) {
super(id);
this.c = c;
this.rx = rx;
this.ry = ry;
this.rot = rot;
}
toVerbNurbs(tr) {
const ax = Math.cos(this.rot);
const ay = Math.sin(this.rot);
const xAxis = new Vector(ax, ay)._multiply(this.rx);
const yAxis = new Vector(-ay, ax)._multiply(this.ry);
return new verb.geom.Ellipse(tr(this.c).data(), tr(xAxis).data(), tr(yAxis).data());
}
massiveness() {
return Math.max(this.rx, this.ry);
}
}
export class Contour {
segments: SketchPrimitive[];
constructor() {
this.segments = [];
}
get id() {
return this.segments.reduce((prev, curr) => {
return prev.id.localeCompare(curr.id) < 0 ? prev : curr;
}).id;
}
add(obj) {
this.segments.push(obj);
}
tessellateInCoordinateSystem(csys) {
const out = [];
for (let segIdx = 0; segIdx < this.segments.length; ++segIdx) {
const segment = this.segments[segIdx];
segment.toNurbs(csys).tessellate().forEach(p => out.push(p));
out.pop();
}
return out;
}
transferInCoordinateSystem(csys) {
const cc = [];
for (let segIdx = 0; segIdx < this.segments.length; ++segIdx) {
const segment = this.segments[segIdx];
cc.push(segment.toNurbs(csys));
}
return cc;
}
tessellate() {
const tessellation = [];
for (const segment of this.segments) {
const segmentTessellation = segment.tessellate(segment.massiveness() * 0.1);
//skip last one because it's guaranteed to be closed
for (let i = 0; i < segmentTessellation.length - 1; ++i) {
tessellation.push(segmentTessellation[i]);
}
}
return tessellation;
}
isCCW() {
return isCCW(this.tessellate());
}
reverse() {
this.segments.reverse();
this.segments.forEach(s => s.invert());
}
}
function adjustEnds(arc, a, b) {
const data = arc.asNurbs();
function setHomoPoint(homoPoint, vector) {
homoPoint[0] = vector.x * homoPoint[3];
homoPoint[1] = vector.y * homoPoint[3];
homoPoint[2] = vector.z * homoPoint[3];
}
setHomoPoint(data.controlPoints[0], a);
setHomoPoint(data.controlPoints[data.controlPoints.length - 1], b);
return new verb.geom.NurbsCurve(data);
}
``` |
```go
package testfixtures
import (
"encoding/hex"
"fmt"
"strings"
)
func (l *Loader) tryHexStringToBytes(s string) ([]byte, error) {
if !strings.HasPrefix(s, "0x") {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("not a hexadecimal string, must be prefix 0x")
}
return hex.DecodeString(strings.TrimPrefix(s, "0x"))
}
``` |
Beatrice Tonnesen (January 24, 1871 - May 12, 1958) was an American artist and photographer based in Chicago, Illinois, from approximately 1896 to 1930. She is credited with having pioneered the use of photographs of live models in print advertising. In addition, her photos, and illustrations by leading artists based on her photos, were widely used in the calendar art of the era.
Early life
Beatrice Tonnesen was born June 24, 1871, in Winneconne, Wisconsin, to Tonnes Tonnesen and Mary Sumner Tonnesen. Beatrice, who was hearing impaired, studied photography under Cook Ely, Oshkosh, Wisconsin's leading photographer of the day, and at the Oshkosh Normal School. Tonnes Tonnesen was an immigrant from Norway, and one of the representative pioneer business men of Winnebago County, Wisconsin. Mary Sumner Tonnesen was a direct descendant of William Sumner of Bicester, England, who came to New England in 1636 and settled in Dorchester, Massachusetts.
Career
In 1895, Tonnesen opened her first photographic art studio in Menominee, Michigan. While operating that studio, Tonnesen traveled to Chicago and arranged to purchase the business and studio of a prominent society photographer, Simon L. Stein, at 1301 Michigan Avenue. Her widowed sister, Clara Tonnesen Kirkpatrick, invested in the project and relocated to Chicago to handle the business aspects of her sister's new venture. Tonnesen quickly became a favorite portrait photographer of many of Chicago's most prominent families, including the Armours, Pullmans, and Palmers. But portrait photography did not remain her only specialty for long. She and her sister Clara soon hit upon an idea that was to revolutionize the world of print advertising. As Tonnesen herself put it in an interview with the Oshkosh Daily Northwestern in 1954: "One day we thought up a fine scheme. We would make advertising pictures using live models, which had never been done before." The idea took off, and Tonnesen and her "Famous Tonnesen Models" gained nationwide fame. A 1903 advertisement "Introducing The Famous Tonnesen Models" proclaimed, "We operate the largest Photographic Print establishment in America."
At the same time, Tonnesen was cultivating a specialty in calendar art. Creating photos of appealing family scenes, as well as more risque (for the time) studies of beautiful ingenues and glamorous flappers, Tonnesen sold her work not only to advertisers, but also to publishers and artists. A November 18, 1896, article in the Chicago Daily Tribune titled "Ideas for Dull Artists" outlined the various uses of Tonnesen's photos: Advertisers often used them with little or no alteration; publishers often assigned staff illustrators to embellish or paint them using water color, pastels or oils; and independent artists painted from them, capitalizing on Tonnesen's talent for posing and composition, in order to meet the demands of the rapidly expanding art publishing trade. Two of the era's more successful calendar artists, R. Atkinson Fox (1860–1935) and Homer S. Nelson (no dates), who specialized in romanticized depictions of Indian maidens, are among artists known to have painted from Tonnesen's photos.
Her very early work was signed "Tonnesen Sisters". But throughout most of her career, because she sold so much of her work to others for their own use, her name or signature seldom appeared on the final product. Those relatively few pieces which she painted from her own photographs were signed "Beatrice Tonnesen", and can still be found on calendars from approximately 1900 to 1930. Although she is known to have taken thousands of images throughout her career, no original glass plate negatives have ever been located. Small collections of original photos, paintings and prints are all that are known to remain. Most of the original photos are located at the Oshkosh Public Museum and the Winneconne Historical Society. Some few art researchers, relatives of persons associated with Tonnesen during her career, and historians are known to have collections, and a digital collection is retained at the Beatrice Tonnesen website. Her personal scrapbook was restored for the Oshkosh Public Museum and made available for study.
Other innovations
In addition to creating the first photographs of live models for print advertising and supplying the robust calendar trade of the era with decorative artwork, Tonnesen was an inventor. She is known to have patented a sewing machine cabinet and a holder for long-stem flowers. She also developed a photographic means to produce silhouette portraits and a process for creating sculptures she called "Mars Ware" from furnace clinkers. A 1949 documentary Unusual Occupations featured Tonnesen and her Mars Ware.
Later life
In 1930, Tonnesen, who never married, closed her studio in Chicago and moved back to Winneconne Wisconsin, where she shared her sister Clara's home until Clara's death in 1944. By the early 1950s, she was living in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, at the St. Mary's Home, where she continued to pursue her art interests, creating jewelry and sculptures. She died there on May 12, 1958.
References
External links
BeatriceTonnesen.com
Oshkosh Public Museum
Winneconne Historical Society - Tonnesen Collection
1871 births
1958 deaths
American photographers
People from Winneconne, Wisconsin
American women photographers |
Henriëtte Laman Trip-de Beaufort, born Agathe Henriette Maria de Beaufort (13 October 1890 – 26 March 1982), was a Dutch writer. Her work was part of the literature event in the art competition at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
References
1890 births
1982 deaths
20th-century Dutch women writers
Olympic competitors in art competitions
People from Baarn |
Alaina Johnson (born October 2, 1990) is an American artistic gymnast who was a member of the Florida Gators gymnastics team from 2011 to 2014.
Senior career
Johnson trained at Texas East Gymnastics in Tyler, Texas. In 2008, she competed at the U.S. Classic and the U.S. Olympic Team Trials. In 2009, she competed at the CoverGirl Classic, where she finished fourth in uneven bars, and the Visa Championships, where she finished ninth in all-around, eighth in uneven bars, and eighth in floor exercise.
College career
Johnson was a member of the Florida Gators gymnastics team. As a freshman in 2011, she was the SEC freshman of the year and was named to the All-SEC first team. She finished tied for fifth in floor exercise and tied for sixth in uneven bars at the NCAA Championships. The following year, she was named to the All-SEC first team again. At the NCAA Championships, she helped Florida finish second in the team competition, tied for fourth in all-around, and finished eighth in uneven bars.
At the 2013 NCAA Championships, Johnson helped the Gators win the team competition and became the first gymnast in team history to win the uneven bars title. In 2014, she was named to the All-SEC team for the third time. At that year's NCAA Championships, she helped Florida tie for first in the team competition, tied for second in all-around, and tied for sixth in uneven bars.
References
1990 births
Living people
American female artistic gymnasts
Florida Gators women's gymnasts
U.S. women's national team gymnasts
21st-century American women |
Celtic Football Club is a Scottish association football club based in Glasgow. The club was founded in 1887 and played their first match in May 1888. Celtic have won the Scottish League Championship on 53 occasions, the Scottish Cup 40 times and the Scottish League Cup 21 times. The club enjoyed their greatest successes during the 1960s and 1970s under Jock Stein when they won nine consecutive league titles and the European Cup.
This chronological list comprises all those who have held the position of manager of the first team of Celtic since its foundation in 1887. Each manager's entry includes the dates of tenure and the club's overall competitive record in terms of matches won, drawn and lost, and of major honours won. Caretaker managers are also included.
As of the start of the 2021–22 season, Celtic have had 19 different full-time managers. Willie Maley, the club's first manager, is the longest to have served in the post, having managed the club from 1897 to 1940. The 30 major honours Maley won during his tenure are the most a manager has achieved at Celtic. Jock Stein is considered the club's greatest manager, having revived the team after many years in the doldrums. He managed Celtic to nine consecutive league titles and led them to their European Cup Final triumph over Inter Milan in 1967.
Managerial history
1888–1965
For the first few years following its formation, the administrative and team selection duties at Celtic were performed by a committee. Willie Maley had played for the team since their inaugural match in May 1888, and on his retirement at the age of 29 was appointed secretary-manager in April 1897, effectively becoming the team's first ever manager. His role was quite different to the modern style of manager or head coach; he never worked with his players in training and only watched games from the director's box. He did not perform team talks or speak with the players at half time or immediately post-match. Having been a club that initially relied on buying in experienced players, Maley instead concentrated on developing young talent. This proved a success as Celtic won six consecutive league titles in the first decade of the 20th century. In 1907 the team also became the first Scottish side win a league and cup double. The next decade saw Maley lead Celtic to a further four successive league titles between 1914 and 1917, during which time they went on an unbeaten run for 62 games from 13 November 1915 until 21 April 1917. This remained a British record for an unbeaten run in professional football until it was surpassed by Brendan Rodgers' Celtic over 100 years later. Towards the end of his reign, Maley led Celtic to further League titles in 1936 and 1938 and the Scottish Cup in 1937. He remained in his post for almost 43 years, the longest serving manager in the club's history, and guided the team to 30 major trophies.
Jimmy McStay, who made over 400 appearances for Celtic as a player and captained the side, was appointed manager in 1940. However, his tenure would be during the war years, a period when Scottish football suffered huge disruption. He also had to contend with increased boardroom interference, which he never managed to quell. The result was stagnation with little tangible success. In the summer of 1945, McStay reluctantly resigned at the behest of the board and was succeeded by another celebrated former player, Jimmy McGrory. The early years of his reign were very poor, and in 1948 the club only narrowly avoided relegation. Matters improved in the early 1950s with the Coronation Cup win in 1953 and a league and cup double in 1954. He also led Celtic to their famous 7–1 Scottish League Cup Final win over Rangers in 1957, still a record score-line in a major British cup final. His time as manager, however, is considered largely a period of underachievement, and with chairman Robert Kelly's domineering influence in the running of the club, many questioned how much say McGrory had in team selection.
1965–1991
Jock Stein left Hibernian to become manager of Celtic in 1965, with McGrory taking on the role of the club's Public Relations Officer. As a player, Stein had previously captained Celtic to their league and cup double success in 1954, and then as manager led Dunfermline to a famous cup final win over Celtic in 1961. On succeeding from McGrory, Stein took full control of all team matters. He is considered a football visionary; transforming a side lacking direction and having gone almost eight years without a trophy into the best team in Europe, all whilst playing entertaining adventurous football. In contrast to his predecessors, he was actively involved in his players training – a "tracksuit manager". And whereas training had previously consisted of mainly running around the track, he introduced practising with the ball into training. A Scottish Cup Final win was achieved within weeks of taking up the reins as manager, followed in 1966 by the first of nine consecutive league championship wins. In his second full season as manager, Stein led Celtic to success in all five competitions they took part in (a "quintuple"), most memorably their 2–1 win in Lisbon over Inter Milan in the 1967 European Cup Final. He led Celtic to a further European Cup final in 1970, knocking out Benfica and Leeds United en route, but lost to Feyenoord 2–1 after extra time in the final. He was seriously injured in a car accident in July 1975 and spent the next year recuperating, with assistant manager Sean Fallon taking over managerial duties for the season. On his return in season 1976–77, Stein led Celtic to a league and cup double; these would be the last honours he would win at Celtic. After winning 25 major trophies, Stein finally relinquished his role in 1978.
In 1978 former player and captain of the European Cup winning team, Billy McNeill took over as manager, having spent the previous season managing Aberdeen. He brought the league title back to Parkhead in his first season, clinching the championship in their final match of the season with a 4–2 win over Rangers. A Cup Final win in 1980 was followed by back-to-back titles in 1981 and 1982. A public row however with the board over a contract and funds for new players resulted in McNeill leaving the club in 1983. At only 35 years old, David Hay succeeded McNeill. A frustrating first season saw Celtic finish runners-up in each of the domestic competitions. Success did eventually arrive though, winning the centenary Scottish Cup in 1985 and then a famous last day championship win at Love Street in 1986, defeating St Mirren 5–0 whilst title rivals Hearts lost at Dundee, securing the league on goal difference. Hay was unable to cope with high spending Rangers the following year, and on failing to win any trophies was sacked by the club. Billy McNeill dramatically returned to the club in the summer of 1987 and went on to lead the club to a league and cup double in its centenary season of 1987–88. A further Cup Final win followed in 1989, but the club went into a dramatic decline after that. After two seasons without any honours, McNeill was sacked in 1991.
1991–2000
Former Republic of Ireland international, Liam Brady, became the first Celtic manager who had never previously played for the club. He failed to win any trophies in his first two seasons or reach any cup finals, and with no progress apparent into this third season he resigned in October 1993. Frank Connor took interim charge for several matches, before Lou Macari was appointed manager. Despite defeating Rangers 2–1 at Ibrox in his first match, results otherwise failed to improve. Fergus McCann took over as owner of Celtic in March 1994 and duly sacked Macari three months later. Following Macari's sacking, Tommy Burns was appointed manager in the summer of 1994. Celtic won their first trophy in six years at the end of the season, beating Airdrie 1–0 in the Scottish Cup final. However, this was an era of domestic dominance by Rangers and despite an outstanding second season in 1995–96 where only one league match was lost, Burns could still finish only second in the league behind the Ibrox club. Despite expensive players arriving at Parkhead, Celtic remained unable to overhaul Rangers the following season in 1997. After losing to Falkirk in the semi-final of the Scottish Cup, Burns was sacked and his assistant Billy Stark took charge for the few remaining games of the season.
In the summer of 1997, former European Cup winner and Dutch international, Wim Jansen, became head coach. Despite losing his first two games of the season, Jansen quickly turned things round and won the club's first Scottish League Cup in 15 years when they beat Dundee United 3–0 in the final. A tightly fought league campaign saw Celtic clinch the title on the final day of the season, stopping Rangers' bid for 10 league titles in a row. However it had by then become known that Jansen was disgruntled with Celtic managing director, Jock Brown, and he quit in the immediate aftermath of Celtic's title win. Veteran Slovak coach Jozef Vengloš arrived at Celtic for the following season. A poor start to the season put Vengloš under pressure, but the arrival of new signings and a 5–1 win over Rangers in the league gave rise to optimism. However the league deficit was too much to claw back and a Scottish Cup final defeat to Rangers sealed a largely disappointing season. The summer of 1999 saw the arrival of Kenny Dalglish as director of football and John Barnes as head coach. A bright start soon faded as Celtic began to drop vital points in the league. A shock Cup defeat at home to Inverness Caledonian Thistle saw Barnes sacked and Dalglish taking over as caretaker manager for the rest of the season. Celtic did win the League Cup, but slumped in the league and finished 21 points behind winners Rangers.
2000–2019
Martin O'Neill, a former European Cup winner as a player with Nottingham Forest, took charge of the club in June 2000. Under his leadership, Celtic won three SPL championships out of five and in his first season in charge, the club also won the domestic treble, making O'Neill only the second Celtic manager to do so after Jock Stein. In 2003, O'Neill led Celtic to their first European final since 1970, pitted against Porto in the UEFA Cup Final in Seville. Celtic lost 3–2 after extra time, despite two goals from Henrik Larsson during normal time. The conduct of the thousands of travelling Celtic supporters received widespread praise from the people of Seville and the fans were awarded Fair Play Awards from both FIFA and UEFA "for their extraordinarily loyal and sporting behaviour". O'Neill left Celtic in May 2005 to care for his ill wife.
Gordon Strachan was announced as O'Neill's replacement in June 2005 and after winning the SPL title in his first year in charge, he went on to become only the third Celtic manager to win three titles in a row. He also guided Celtic to their first UEFA Champions League knockout stage in 2006–07 and repeated the feat in 2007–08 before departing the club in May 2009, after failing to win the SPL title. Tony Mowbray took charge of the club in June 2009, and he was succeeded a year later by Neil Lennon. Celtic narrowly lost out to Rangers in the league in Lennon's first season in charge, but he did gain consolation by defeating Motherwell 3–0 in the 2011 Scottish Cup Final. Lennon went on to win three league titles in a row, then announced his departure from the club in May 2014 after four years in the role.
Norwegian Ronny Deila was appointed manager of Celtic in June 2014. He went on to lead Celtic to two consecutive league titles and a League Cup, but the team's performances in European competition were poor. Following being knocked out of the Scottish Cup by Rangers in April 2016, Deila announced he would leave the club at the end of the season.
In May 2016, Brendan Rodgers was announced as Deila's successor. In his first season the club won their 100th major trophy, defeating Aberdeen in the League Cup Final in November 2016, and clinched the league title in April 2017 with a record eight league games to spare. Celtic finished their league campaign undefeated, the first time a Scottish top-flight side had done so since 1899. In May 2017, Celtic defeated Aberdeen 2–1 in the Scottish Cup final, clinching the club's fourth domestic treble, as well as securing an unprecedented domestic season unbeaten. Celtic continued their unbeaten domestic run into the following season, eventually extending it to 69 games, surpassing their own 100-year-old British record of 62 games set by Willie Maley, before finally losing to Hearts. In November 2017, Celtic defeated Motherwell in the 2017 Scottish League Cup Final, before a seventh consecutive league title was clinched in April 2018, with Celtic then going on to defeat Motherwell in the 2018 Scottish Cup Final to clinch a second consecutive domestic treble (the "double treble"), the first club in Scotland to do so. Into his third season, Rodgers led Celtic to another League Cup, defeating Aberdeen in the final, and by February 2019 the club were eight points clear in the league. However, on 26 February 2019 Rodgers left Celtic in a surprise move to take over as manager of Leicester City. Neil Lennon returned to Celtic to work as caretaker manager until the end of the season. He went on to help Celtic complete their eighth successive league title, and then to a 2–1 win over Hearts in the 2019 Scottish Cup Final to clinch the treble for the third season in a row (the "treble treble"). The following week, Lennon was confirmed as full-time manager for the second time.
2019–present
Into the first full season of his second spell as manager, Neil Lennon led Celtic to a 1–0 win over Rangers in the 2019 Scottish League Cup Final, the club's tenth consecutive domestic trophy. By March 2020, Celtic were 13 points clear in the league and well on the way to a ninth consecutive title: However, all professional football in Scotland was suspended later that month due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, resulting in demands from the news media in Scotland for the league season to be declared "null and void". However, after several weeks of controversy, Celtic were confirmed as champions on 18 May 2020 following a league board meeting the previous week where it was agreed that completing the full league campaign was unfeasible. The completion of the 2019-20 Scottish Cup was delayed due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, with the semi-finals and final not taking place until late autumn/ winter of 2020. Celtic and Hearts reached the final that took place on 20 December 2020. The match went to penalty-kicks after the sides tied at 3–3 after extra time, with Celtic going on to win the penalty shoot-out to clinch a fourth successive treble. This win saw Lennon become the first to win a treble as both player and manager. Celtic struggled throughout season 2020–21 though; poor performances in Europe, knocked out of the League Cup by Ross County (bringing to an end a run of 35 domestic cup wins), and by February 2021 were trailing 18 points behind Rangers in the league - effectively ending Celtic's hopes of "ten in a row" league titles. Lennon resigned on 24 February 2021, with assistant manager John Kennedy taking interim charge of the team.
On 10 June 2021, Ange Postecoglou was announced as the new manager of Celtic. His first couple of months as manager was a period of upheaval, with 12 first-team players leaving during the summer transfer window while 10 new players were signed. Celtic lost three of their opening six league matches, but enjoyed high-scoring wins over Dundee and St Mirren. Improved form in October saw Postecoglou win the Manager of the Month award, with new signings Jota and Kyogo Furuhashi flourishing in the side. In December, Celtic won the first domestic trophy of the season, defeating Hibernian 2–1 in the League Cup Final. Celtic then went on a run of 31 domestic league games undefeated to regain the league championship at the first attempt. The title was secured following a 1-1 draw with Dundee United at Tannadice on the 11th of May 2022. Celtic made a strong start to the following season, and by New Year (2023) were nine points clear of second-placed Rangers in the league, with a significantly higher goal difference. The League Cup was retained with a 2–1 win over Rangers in the final on 26 February 2023, Kyogo scoring twice for Celtic. Back-to-back league titles were clinched on 7 May 2023 with four games to spare after a 2–0 win away at Hearts. All clean sweep of all domestic trophies for season 2022-23 was completed on 3 June 2023 with Celtic defeating Inverness Caledonian Thistle 3-1 in the Scottish Cup Final, the club's eight treble (a World Record).
Managers
Information correct as of match played 28 October 2023. Only official Scottish League, Scottish Cup, Scottish League Cup and European Competition matches are counted
Key
Key to record:
P = Matches played
W = Matches won
D = Matches drawn
L = Matches lost
Win % = Win ratio
Key to honours:
LG = Scottish League
FA = Scottish Cup
LC = Scottish League Cup
EC = European Cup
Notes
All matches played during the tenure of Jimmy McStay were unofficial war-time games. Although there were still competitions; Scottish Southern League, Scottish Southern League Cup and Summer Cup, none of these competitions are recognised as official.
Sean Fallon's season as caretaker manager in season 1975–76 was due to Jock Stein's recuperation from injuries sustained in a serious car accident.
Neil Lennon initially took over from Tony Mowbray as manager in March 2010 on a temporary basis, but was appointed as full-time manager in June 2010.
References
Managers
Celtic
Managers |
The 1947 Ottawa Rough Riders finished in 1st place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union with an 8–4 record but lost the IRFU Finals to the Toronto Argonauts.
Preseason
Regular season
Standings
Schedule
Postseason
Playoffs
References
Ottawa Rough Riders seasons
1947 Canadian football season by team |
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="path_to_url">
<solid android:color="?attr/colorSecondary" />
<corners android:radius="12dp" />
</shape>
``` |
Demosthenis Teneketzis (Greek: Δημοσθένης Τενεκετζής) IEEE is a Greek-American electrical engineer specializing in Systems Science and Engineering. He is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. His works are in the fields of control, decentralized systems, and networks. His main research publications are in stochastic control (centralized and decentralized), scheduling and resource allocation in networks with strategic and non-strategic users, and fault diagnosis in discrete event systems. He is a Fellow of IEEE for contributions to the theory of decentralized information systems and stochastic control.
Research
Demosthenis Teneketzis’ research is on Stochastic Control, Decentralized Decision-Making with non-strategic decision-makers (teams) or strategic decision-makers (games), resource allocation in networks with centralized or decentralized information and strategic or non-strategic agents, and fault diagnosis in discrete event systems. In 2015 he received the George S. Axelby Award from the IEEE Control Systems Society for his paper "Decentralized Stochastic Control with Partial History Sharing: A Common Information Approach".
Selected publications
Nayyar A, Mahajan A, Teneketzis D. Decentralized stochastic control with partial history sharing: A common information approach. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 2013 Jul 10;58(7):1644-58.
Agrawal R, Teneketzis D, Anantharam V. Asymptotically efficient adaptive allocation schemes for controlled Markov chains: Finite parameter space. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 1989 Dec.:1249-1259.
Sampath M, Sengupta R, Lafortune S, Sinnamohideen K, Teneketzis D. Diagnosability of discrete-event systems. IEEE Transactions on automatic control. 1995 Sep;40(9):1555-75.
Andersland MS, Teneketzis D. Information structures, causality, and nonsequential stochastic control I: design-independent properties. SIAM journal on control and optimization. 1992 Nov;30(6):1447-75.
Washburn RB, Teneketzis D. Asymptotic agreement among communicating decision makers. Stochastics: An International Journal of Probability and Stochastic Processes. 1984 Jan 1;13(1-2):103-29.
Farhadi F, Golestani SJ, Teneketzis D. A surrogate optimization-based mechanism for resource allocation and routing in networks with strategic agents. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 2019 Feb;64(2):464-79.
References
External links
University of Michigan faculty
Fellow Members of the IEEE
Living people
1951 births
Electrical engineering academics
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni |
The New Elizabethans was a 2012 series on BBC Radio 4 to mark the diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. A panel of seven academics, journalists and historians, chaired by Chief Executive of the Royal Opera House Tony Hall took suggestions from the general public for people "whose actions during the reign of Elizabeth II have had a significant impact on lives in these islands and given the age its character, for better or worse".
A short piece was written about each of the 60 people selected. These were presented by James Naughtie. The first broadcast was about Edmund Hillary and was first aired at 12:45 p.m. on Monday, 11 June and the series concluded with Queen Elizabeth II on Friday, 7 September 2012.
The list
Edmund Hillary
Elizabeth David
Graham Greene
Michael Young
Vladimir Raitz
Francis Crick
Doris Lessing
Alan Sainsbury
Alfred Hitchcock
Laurence Olivier
Benjamin Britten
Dorothy Hodgkin
Harold Pinter
Richard Doll
Tony Hancock
Philip Larkin
Barbara Windsor
Lord Denning
Paul Foot
Francis Bacon
John Lennon and Paul McCartney
Margot Fonteyn
Peter Hall
Terence Conran
Enoch Powell
Cicely Saunders
Basil D'Oliveira
George Best
Germaine Greer
Robert Edwards
Jack Jones
Roald Dahl
David Bowie
Talaiasi Labalaba, Fijian-born NCO and member of SAS
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Roy Jenkins
Vivienne Westwood
Jayaben Desai
Stuart Hall
David Attenborough
Margaret Thatcher
David Hockney
Billy Connolly
Ralph Robins
Amartya Sen
Salman Rushdie
Anita Roddick
Norman Foster
Charles Saatchi
Goldie
John Hume and David Trimble
Doreen Lawrence
Tim Berners-Lee
Diana, Princess of Wales
Alex Salmond
Tony Blair
Fred Goodwin
Rupert Murdoch
Simon Cowell
Queen Elizabeth II
External links
Homepage on bbc.co.uk
References
BBC Radio 4 programmes
2012 radio programme debuts |
Your Highness is a 2011 American stoner comic fantasy film directed by David Gordon Green. It stars Danny McBride, James Franco, Natalie Portman, Zooey Deschanel and Justin Theroux. Written by McBride and Ben Best, the film was released on April 8, 2011. It follows an arrogant prince and his brother on a quest to kill a sorcerer and save the bride and their father's kingdom. The film received negative reviews from critics and was a box office bomb, grossing $28 million worldwide against a $50 million budget.
Plot
Thadeous and Fabious are sons of King Tallious in the Kingdom of Mourne. Fabious is dashing and skilled and Thadeous is lazy and ineffectual. While celebrating victory over the evil sorcerer, Leezar, who has been ravaging Tallious's kingdom, Fabious presents the virgin Belladonna whom he has freed from a tower and wishes to marry.
Though his brother makes him best man, Thadeous skips the wedding after overhearing Fabious' Knights Elite, led by Boremont, talk about him negatively. The wedding is then crashed by Leezar, who admits being the one who placed Belladonna in the tower. Leezar re-kidnaps her and flees. Returning to the castle with his servant and best friend Courtney, Thadeous is given an ultimatum: join Fabious on his quest to rescue Belladonna or be banished.
Visiting the Great Wize Wizard, Thadeous and Fabious learn that Leezar's goal is to fulfill a prophecy: a warlock having sex with a virgin when the two moons converge, will impregnate her with a dragon that will allow him to take over King Tallious' kingdom. To destroy Leezar, they are given a magic compass that will lead them to the Blade of Unicorn, located within a labyrinth. On the way there, they learn Fabious's eunuch slave, Julie, has been informing Leezar of their progress and the Knights Elite are serving the warlock.
After the knights are killed and he escapes, Fabious sends his mechanical bird Simon to warn the king of the betrayal by the Knights Elite, requesting reinforcements. Thadeous, Fabious and Courtney are captured by wild women led by the savage warlord Marteetee, who imprisons them in an arena, where Fabious kills off Marteetee's finest warrior. In retaliation, Marteetee summons a hydra-like monster to kill them. The brothers are rescued by Isabel, a warrior seeking revenge for her father's murder at Marteetee's hands.
Later that night, Thadeous learns Isabel is also after Leezar to avenge the slaughter of her brothers. The next day, the party learns too late that Isabel stole the compass from Thadeous. Fabious, finally angered by his brother's selfishness, decides to find the Blade of Unicorn alone. Thadeous and Courtney go to a tavern, where they find Isabel and retrieve the compass. Finding that his brother has been captured by Leezar's men, Thadeous wins Isabel over as they join forces, entering the labyrinth where they encounter a Minotaur.
After becoming separated from the others, Thadeous retrieves the Blade of Unicorn and slays the Minotaur. Thadeous and his group make their way to Leezar's castle and free Fabious, giving him the Blade. As the others kill off Julie, Boremont and his men and Leezar's three witches, Fabious impales Leezar with the Blade of Unicorn, preventing him from raping Belladonna.
After their victory, Isabel leaves for another quest and the heroes return home. Some time later, Fabious and Belladonna marry, while Thadeous is approached by a returning Isabel, who reveals that she has fallen in love with him. However, for them to have sex, he must first slay the witch who has cast a spell on her, locking her in a chastity belt. Though not in the mood to go out, Isabel's suggestion convinces him to go on a new adventure.
Cast
Danny McBride as Prince Thadeous
James Franco as Prince Fabious
Natalie Portman as Isabel
Zooey Deschanel as Belladonna
Justin Theroux as Leezar
Toby Jones as Julie
Damian Lewis as Boremont
Rasmus Hardiker as Courtney
Caroline Grace-Cassidy as Handmaiden
Simon Farnaby as Manious the Bold
Deobia Oparei as Thundarian
Charles Dance as King Tallious
John Fricker as Marteetee
Matyelok Gibbs, Angela Pleasence and Anna Barry as Helinda, Sariah and Marlyne, Leezar's three Mothers
Charles Shaughnessy as Narrator / Soul of the Labyrinth
Rhian Sugden, Amii Grove and Madison Welch as Forest Women
Production
The film had been a passion project of Green's for a long time, with him later calling it, "an entirely self-indulgent dream project for the 11-year-old in me." Although marketed as a spoof of '80s fantasy movies, Green has said that this was not his intent. Instead he hoped to, with star Danny McBride, "put our stamp on it and bring our sensibility to it, but work within the genre." Early on, according to Green, Universal was nervous about the prospects of the film, believing it to be a parody. However, their minds were eased when discussing the casting, "and that we weren't filling it with comedian cameos."
Filming began in the summer of 2009 in Northern Ireland, at historic locations such as Dunluce Castle, Cairncastle and Shane's Castle, and it concluded in October 2009. Although Green wanted to make the film epic in scale, they were hampered by a limited budget. Ad libbing and improv were encouraged on set, although Green has implied that the extent of this has been exaggerated, adding, "There was definitely more of a script here than anything I’ve ever worked on". Still, at least one notable part of the backstory was improvised, which was the idea that the Wizard molested James Franco's character as a youth. McBride has said that he was certain that the scene where this was revealed would be cut, and he was shocked when it appeared in the final film.
Marketing
A red-band trailer was released on IGN and Funny or Die. On December 21, 2010, a green-band trailer was released online, and shown before screenings of Little Fockers and The Dilemma.
On March 23, 2011, a second red-band trailer was released.
Reception
Box office
Your Highness opened on April 8, 2011 in 2,772 theaters nationwide and made $9,360,020 in its opening weekend, ranking number six in the domestic box office. By the end of its run, the film had grossed $21,596,445 in the United States and Canada and $6,417,288 overseas for a worldwide total of $28,013,733.
Critical reception
Your Highness received negative reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a rating of 27%, based on 184 reviews, with an average rating of 4.27/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Big budgets and costumes in service of scatalogical jokes may seem funny on paper, but in execution this is a highly monotonous romp that registers only occasional laughs." On Metacritic, the film has a score of 31 out of 100, based on 33 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".
Roger Ebert gave the film one star out of four, calling it "juvenile excrescence that feels like the work of 11-year-old boys in love with dungeons, dragons, warrior women, pot, boobs and four-letter words," further stating, “that this is the work of David Gordon Green beggars the imagination.” Entertainment Weekly gave it a C+, with Natalie Portman favorably reviewed as "fierce and funny as a babe warrior...good with dirty words". The L.A. Times noted the "even but fun sword-and-sandals sendup...is at its best when it's at its silliest", while the lowbrow humor is "sometimes witless and sometimes winning comedy...begins with grade-school-level graffiti being scrawled across storybook pages and goes up and down from there. Still, the fun can be infectious...a farce within a farce...tawdry tale of the bothered and bewildered Kingdom of Mourne".
David Edelstein of New York magazine gave a favorable review, describing the film as "a cunning weave of low and high". Yahoo! described the "Raunchy Sex Comedy Wrapped Up in a Noble Quest" as "overall, sets and scenery were fantastic and photography was incredible...a awesome, piece of foolishness wrapped up as a Period Piece...more in common with American Pie than it did to Lord of the Rings. Richard Corliss, who admired McBride's and Green's earlier work, said he felt a "kind of head-swiveling awe in Your Highness‘s concentration of aimless inanity, in the purity of its devotion to its own louche principles. Like members of some post-Dadaist collective, the filmmakers have dedicated themselves to memorializing every first, wrong impulse that popped into their heads, while ruthlessly excising any vestige of wit or narrative niceties as being too linear, dude."
James Franco received a Razzie nomination for Worst Supporting Actor for the film, but lost to Al Pacino in Jack and Jill.
James Franco would later poke fun at the film's poor reception during his Comedy Central Roast, saying "I agreed to do this roast because I wanted to do something I've never done before — something that has zero artistic value, something nobody will remember three months from now, something that's offensive, homophobic, and stars horrifically untalented people and something that's only a big deal to a handful of teenage stoners on Twitter. You might say, 'James, didn't you just describe Your Highness?' I wouldn't know, I didn't see Your Highness." On his first-ever interview on The Howard Stern Show to promote the film Spring Breakers, Franco was surprised to hear Stern compliment Your Highness, asking incredulously, "you liked that?" He attributed the film's lackluster performance to its "tricky" blend of lowbrow humor and medieval swords and sorcerers, a combination that hadn't worked well since Monty Python and the Holy Grail.
References
External links
2011 films
2011 comedy films
2010s adventure comedy films
2010s buddy comedy films
2010s fantasy comedy films
2010s sex comedy films
American adventure comedy films
American buddy comedy films
American fantasy comedy films
American sex comedy films
2010s English-language films
Films scored by Steve Jablonsky
Films directed by David Gordon Green
Films with screenplays by Danny McBride
Films produced by Scott Stuber
Films set in castles
Films set in the Middle Ages
Films shot in Northern Ireland
Universal Pictures films
Incest in film
Films about rape
American sword and sorcery films
Films about wizards
Stoner films
2010s American films |
The rufous-necked hornbill (Aceros nipalensis) is a species of hornbill in Bhutan, northeastern India, especially in Arunachal Pradesh, Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is locally extinct in Nepal due to hunting and significant loss of habitat. There are less than 10,000 adults left in the wild. With a length of about , it is among the largest Bucerotine hornbills. The underparts, neck and head are rich rufous in the male, but black in the female.
Taxonomy
The scientific name Buceros nipalensis was coined by Brian Houghton Hodgson in 1829 who described several rufous-necked hornbills caught by hunters in sal forest in Nepal.
It was placed in the genus Aceros by John Edward Gray in 1844.
Description
The head, neck, and lower body of the male are coloured rufous, with deeper colouration on the flanks and abdomen. The middle primaries and the lower half of the tail are tipped white. The rest of the hornbill's plumage is a glossy dark-green and black. The lower tail-covert feathers are coloured chestnut mixed with black.
The female is black, except for the end-portion of her tail and the tips of the middle primaries, which are white. Juvenile hornbills resemble adults of the same sex, but lack the ridges at the base of the upper beak. The beak lacks a true caique but is thickened at its base. It has a number of dark ridges on the upper beak which are absent in the young and increase in number with age up to about seven. The commissure of the beaks is broken in both sexes.
Distribution and habitat
The rufous-necked hornbill has the northernmost distribution ranging from Northeast India, central Bhutan to western Thailand and northwestern Vietnam. It ranges over an area of , of which is forested. Within this area, it lives in 90 protected areas comprising of protected forest but only including 7% of optimal hornbill habitat.
Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary in West Bengal represents its westernmost limit; it has also been recorded in Buxa Tiger Reserve, Manas National Park, Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, Sessa Orchid Sanctuary, Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary, Namdapha National Park and Pakke Tiger Reserve.
It predominantly inhabits ridged and hilly forests, primarily temperate broadleaf and mixed forests at elevations of , It has also been recorded in dry woodland.
Behaviour and ecology
The nesting period is from March to June, the trees preferred are tall and have broad girths. These hornbill communities move between one forest to another depending on seasonally to forage from fruiting trees that change with local conditions.
Describing the egg, Hume (1889) states:
The egg is a broad oval, compressed somewhat towards one end, so as to be slightly pyriform. The shell is strong and thick, but coarse and entirely glossless, everywhere pitted with minute pores. In colour it is a very dirty white, with a pale dirty yellowish tinge, and everywhere obscurely stippled, when closely examined, with minute purer white specks, owing to the dirt not having got down into the bottoms of the pores. It measures 2-25 by 1'75 (inches).
Conservation
Already listed in CITES Appendices I, the species is vulnerable but occurs in a number of protected areas in India, China, Thailand and Bhutan. Due to increased information coming in about range and extent, it has been suggested that the rufous-necked hornbill be downgraded from IUCN status "Vulnerable" to "Near Threatened".
Recent initiatives by the Wildlife Trust of India, Arunachal Pradesh Forest Department and other citizens to conserve hornbills, which also target the rufous-necked hornbill, are the Hornbill Nest Adoption Programme, and a programme for replacing the use of real beaks with fibre-made replicas.
In culture
The rufous-necked hornbill occurs in Sanskrit literature under the epithet vārdhrīnasa, a term which at times also has been used to refer to other Bucerotidae.
In Arunachal Pradesh, rufous-necked hornbills have been hunted by tribals for their feathers and beaks.
References
External links
ARKive - images and movies of the rufous-necked hornbill (Aceros nipalensis)
rufous-necked hornbill
Birds of Bhutan
Birds of Northeast India
Birds of Laos
Birds of Myanmar
rufous-necked hornbill
Taxa named by Brian Houghton Hodgson |
Gary Groth (born September 18, 1954) is an American comic book editor, publisher and critic. He is editor-in-chief of The Comics Journal, a co-founder of Fantagraphics Books, and founder of the Harvey Awards.
Early life
Groth is the son of a U.S. Navy contractor and was raised in Springfield, Virginia, in the Washington, D.C. area. He read his first comic book in a pediatrician's office.
Career
Fanzines and pop culture conventions
Inspired by film critics like Andrew Sarris and Pauline Kael, and gonzo journalists like Hunter S. Thompson, the teenage Groth published Fantastic Fanzine, a comics fanzine (whose name referenced the Marvel Comics title Fantastic Four).
In 1970, 1971, and 1973 he organized Metro Con, a comics convention held in the Washington, D.C. area.
Later, after turning down an editorial assistant position at Marvel Comics in 1973, Groth worked briefly as a production and layout assistant at the movie and comics magazine Mediascene, which was edited by Jim Steranko.
After dropping out of his fourth college in 1974, Groth and his financial partner Michael Catron put on a rock and roll convention that ended in financial failure. Nonetheless, he and Catron dabbled in music publishing with the short-lived magazine Sounds Fine.
Fantagraphics
In 1976 Groth founded Fantagraphics Books, Inc. with Catron and Kim Thompson, and took over an adzine named The Nostalgia Journal—quickly renaming it The Comics Journal. Groth's Comics Journal applied rigorous critical standards to comic books. It disparaged formulaic superhero books and work for hire publishers and favored artists like R. Crumb and Art Spiegelman and creator ownership of copyrights. It featured lengthy, freewheeling interviews with comics professionals, often conducted by Groth himself.
Controversy
Groth's first editorial in The Nostalgia Journal began a lengthy feud with Alan Light, founder, and at that time, publisher of The Buyer's Guide for Comics Fandom.
Groth and Light were friends before Light published Groth's final issue of Fantastic Fanzine; Light's expedient business methods met with Groth's disapproval. Fandom: Confidential, Ron Frantz's history of the WE Seal of approval program (WSA), outlines Groth's confrontations with Light at conventions and via late night collect calls. Light in turn cashed a check for a Comics Journal advertisement that he refused to print. Groth acquired a copy of the WSA mailing list, and without authorization, used it to solicit subscriptions; Groth later apologized for what he claimed was a misunderstanding, and soon after broke ties with WSA. In 1983 when Light sold TBG, a Groth editorial denounced Light. Light's subsequent libel suit against Groth was eventually dismissed.
Groth's 1991 Comics Journal editorial "Lies We Cherish: The Canonization of Carol Kalish", which criticized what he saw as the unwarranted hagiographies for then-recently deceased former Marvel Comics Vice President of New Product Development, whom Groth characterized as "selling cretinous junk to impressionable children", caused controversy within the industry, including outrage by Kalish's friend and colleague, writer Peter David.
Bibliography
Groth, Gary, and Robert Fiore, eds. The New Comics: Interviews from the Pages of The Comics Journal. New York : Berkley, 1988. .
Notes
References
Further reading
Spurgeon, Tom and Jacob Covey. Comics As Art: We Told You So. Seattle, WA : Fantagraphics, 2016.
External links
Sequential Tart: Interview with Gary Groth (2000)
Comics Reporter: Short Interview with Gary Groth and Kim Thompson
Comics Reporter: Short Interview With Greg Sadowski and Gary Groth (On Fantagraphics' Harvey Kurtzman TCJ library book)
Inkstuds: One-hour podcast interview with Gary Groth and Kim Thompson
Discussion of Groth's Fantastic Fanzine #10, as well as pdf of the entire issue
Discussion of Groth's Fantastic Fanzine #12, as well as pdf of the entire issue
1954 births
Living people
American magazine editors
Comics critics
Fantagraphics
Inkpot Award winners
American magazine publishers (people)
People from Springfield, Virginia
Writers from Seattle
20th-century American writers
21st-century American writers
Writers from Virginia
Writers from Buenos Aires |
Marine Photographic Squadron 254 (VMP-254) was a United States Marine Corps photographic reconnaissance squadron that was originally commissioned during World War II as a replacement training unit. In 1944 the squadron transitioned to the Fleet Marine Force and eventually deployed overseas in August 1945. During the war, the squadron flew the F6F-3P Hellcat and later transitioned to the Grumman F7F Tigercat. VMP-254 was decommissioned on November 30, 1949. Since that date, no other Marine Corps squadron has carried the lineage and honors of VMP-254.
History
Marine Photographic Squadron 954 (VMD-954) was commissioned on September 25, 1944, at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina. The squadron was originally formed to serve as a replacement training squadron. On November 1, 1944, the squadron moved to Marine Corps Auxiliary Airfield Kinston to continue training. On March 28, 1945, the squadron was re-designated as VMD-254 and placed on an operational status to begin preparing for deployment overseas.
The first echelon of the squadron departed MCAAF Kinston on July 22, 1945, headed for Marine Corps Air Depot Miramar. This first echelon was aboard the when the Japanese surrendered. The remainder of the squadron was still at MCAD Miramar.
Following the surrender of Japan, the squadron remained on Guam until February 1946 when it returned to Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, California. During the squadron's time at MCAS EL Toro it undertook the mission of large scale photographic mapping of Southern California. VMP-254 was decommissioned on November 30, 1949, at MCAS El Toro. Marine Corps Aviation was dramatically downsized after World War II and leadership decided to decommission the photographic and electronic counter-measure squadrons in order to retain fighter and attack squadrons. A portion of the squadron's personnel and equipment were transferred to the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing's Headquarters to form a smaller photo section.
Unit awards
A unit citation or commendation is an award bestowed upon an organization for the action cited. Members of the unit who participated in said actions are allowed to wear on their uniforms the awarded unit citation. VMP-254 has been presented with the following awards:
See also
United States Marine Corps Aviation
List of active United States Marine Corps aircraft squadrons
List of decommissioned United States Marine Corps aircraft squadrons
Citations
References
Bibliography
Web
External links
Marine Corps Aviation Reconnaissance Association
Military units and formations established in 1942
Inactive units of the United States Marine Corps |
The Waxhaw Historic District is a national historic district located at Waxhaw, Union County, North Carolina. It encompasses 93 contributing buildings, 3 contributing structures, and 1 contributing object in the central business district and surrounding residential sections of Waxhaw. The district developed between about 1888 and 1940 and includes notable examples of Commercial Style, Queen Anne, and Bungalow / American Craftsman style architecture. Notable buildings include the former Post Office (1905), Harris's store (c. 1920), Tyson Store (c. 1911), A.W. Heath Co. Mill (1905), R.J. Belk Company Store (c. 1894), A.W. Heath Company Stores (c. 1898), Weir Building (c. 1900), Plyler Building (c. 1907), Farmer's Ginning & Trading Company (c. 1915), McDonald Hotel (1912), Waxhaw Presbyterian Church (1929), Duncan McDonald House (c. 1888), and Ralph J. Belk House (c. 1885).
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.
References
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina
Queen Anne architecture in North Carolina
Geography of Union County, North Carolina
Buildings and structures in Union County, North Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Union County, North Carolina |
Aniruddh Kumar Yadav is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Bakhtiarpur as the 2010 Member of Bihar Legislative Assembly as a member of the Rashtriya Janata Dal.
References
External links
(serial no-180)
Governance
Map
People from Patna
Rashtriya Janata Dal politicians
Living people
Bihar MLAs 2010–2015
Bihar MLAs 2020–2025
Year of birth missing (living people) |
The county of Lincolnshire is divided into nine districts. The districts of Lincolnshire are Lincoln, North Kesteven, South Kesteven, South Holland, Boston, East Lindsey, West Lindsey, North Lincolnshire, and North East Lincolnshire.
As there are 440 Grade I listed buildings in the county they have been split into separate lists for each district.
Grade I listed buildings in Lincoln
Grade I listed buildings in North Kesteven
Grade I listed buildings in South Kesteven
Grade I listed buildings in South Holland
Grade I listed buildings in Boston (borough)
Grade I listed buildings in East Lindsey
Grade I listed buildings in West Lindsey
Grade I listed buildings in North Lincolnshire
Grade I listed buildings in North East Lincolnshire
See also
Grade II* listed buildings in Lincolnshire |
```go
package otel
import (
"context"
"os"
"strconv"
"strings"
"time"
"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/propagators/autoprop"
"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace"
"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc"
"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource"
sdktrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
semconv "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/semconv/v1.4.0"
"go.uber.org/zap"
"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
apiv1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
)
const (
OtelEnvPrefix = "OTEL_"
OtelEndpointEnvVar = "OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT"
OtelInsecureEnvVar = "OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_INSECURE"
OtelPropagaters = "OTEL_PROPAGATORS"
)
type OtelConfig struct {
endpoint string
insecure bool
}
// parseOtelConfig parses the environment variables OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT and
func parseOtelConfig() OtelConfig {
config := OtelConfig{}
config.endpoint = os.Getenv(OtelEndpointEnvVar)
insecure, err := strconv.ParseBool(os.Getenv(OtelInsecureEnvVar))
if err != nil {
insecure = true
}
config.insecure = insecure
return config
}
func getTraceExporter(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger) (*otlptrace.Exporter, error) {
otelConfig := parseOtelConfig()
if otelConfig.endpoint == "" {
if logger != nil {
logger.Info("OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_ENDPOINT not set, skipping Opentelemtry tracing")
}
return nil, nil
}
grpcOpts := []otlptracegrpc.Option{
otlptracegrpc.WithEndpoint(otelConfig.endpoint),
}
if otelConfig.insecure {
grpcOpts = append(grpcOpts, otlptracegrpc.WithInsecure())
} else {
grpcOpts = append(grpcOpts, otlptracegrpc.WithTLSCredentials(credentials.NewClientTLSFromCert(nil, "")))
}
exporter, err := otlptracegrpc.New(ctx, grpcOpts...)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return exporter, nil
}
// Initializes an OTLP exporter, and configures the corresponding trace and metric providers.
func InitProvider(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, serviceName string) (func(context.Context), error) {
res, err := resource.New(ctx,
resource.WithAttributes(
semconv.ServiceNameKey.String(serviceName),
),
)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
tracerProvider := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(
sdktrace.WithResource(res),
)
traceExporter, err := getTraceExporter(ctx, logger)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if traceExporter != nil {
bsp := sdktrace.NewBatchSpanProcessor(traceExporter)
tracerProvider.RegisterSpanProcessor(bsp)
}
otel.SetTracerProvider(tracerProvider)
otel.SetTextMapPropagator(autoprop.NewTextMapPropagator())
// Shutdown will flush any remaining spans and shut down the exporter.
return func(ctx context.Context) {
if ctx.Err() != nil {
// if the context is already cancelled, create a new one with a timeout of 30 seconds
ctxwithTimeout, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
defer cancel()
ctx = ctxwithTimeout
}
err := tracerProvider.Shutdown(ctx)
if err != nil && logger != nil {
logger.Error("error shutting down trace provider", zap.Error(err))
}
if traceExporter != nil {
if err = traceExporter.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil && logger != nil {
logger.Error("error shutting down trace exporter", zap.Error(err))
}
}
}, nil
}
// OtelEnvForContainer returns a list of environment variables
// for the container, which start with prefix OTEL_
func OtelEnvForContainer() []apiv1.EnvVar {
otelEnvs := []apiv1.EnvVar{}
for _, e := range os.Environ() {
if strings.HasPrefix(e, OtelEnvPrefix) {
pair := strings.SplitN(e, "=", 2)
otelEnvs = append(otelEnvs, apiv1.EnvVar{
Name: pair[0],
Value: pair[1],
})
}
}
return otelEnvs
}
``` |
The music for the 2018 HBO satirical black comedy-drama television series Succession is composed by Nicholas Britell. It is considered as a combination of "hip hop and classical music" approaching the life style of Kendall Roy's mindset, his entry in corporate business, and obsession over rap music, which led hip hop being a major influence in the show. The score albums for each season were distributed by Republic Records, WaterTower Music, Milan Records, and Lake George Music Group. Britell's score, along with the main title theme, received critical acclaim and several accolades.
Overview
Nicholas Britell was hired to score the television series' music, referred by director and executive producer Adam McKay, who previously worked with him in The Big Short (2015) and Vice (2018). It was his first scoring stint for a television series. Though he understood the musical language of being distinctive from the show's satirical elements, he tried not to be musically funny, because "as soon as the music says this is funny, all the humor is drained [...] Getting darker makes it funny, and that’s what I leaned into — this counterpoint." Hence, he approached a lot of the writing of the music as "imagining what the Roy family might imagine for themselves".
He wrote a dark classical score based on the late-18th century music, which had infused with hip-hop beats, using a Roland TR-808 drummed machine, detuned piano, modern filters and samples, which is music for "delusions of Kendall Roy (Jeremy Strong), who has a predilection for rap, but intentionally exaggerated". He sampled an initial part of the score to infuse with hip hop beats. Some of the score had consisted of cohesive, song-like variations of main themes instead of cues being directed for the actions, situations and characters. He was fascinated by finding strange sounds that are linked through the show. While mixing bass in the score, Britell "always turn it up a little ‘too much’, because that feels right to him for the show" while also experimenting piano, bells, strings, and percussions.
In the second season, the album featured the rap song "L to the OG" performed by Strong himself, to depict Roy's rap obsession. The song was written by Britell himself, as the showrunner Jesse Armstrong told him "Kendall was going to perform a rap for his father – because of course he would. Kendall doing a rap for Logan in itself is going to be a cringeworthy event, but if it’s just cringeworthy and falls flat then it doesn’t really work. It needs to be cringeworthy and well-executed [...] Kendall is basically the same age as I am and most people form their musical predilections in college, so I thought it would be really [funny] to take a beat [I wrote] from that time, that probably would represent Kendall’s tastes too." Strong asked him to record the demo of it and had practiced the vocals, which was finalised. Britell appreciated his performance in both acting and singing, saying "To rap a sequence like that is not easy and requires a whole rhythm sensibility. It’s a very different skill set from acting. I think he did an incredible job."
The third season's score was influenced by.Italian classical music. Britell spent time in Tuscany studying the musical tradition. In some cues, the score had "the timelessness of that part of the world, the history and how that parallels with the sort of current mythmaking that the Roy family has of themselves at the same moment in time." As a result, he had the scope to explore grandeur for the sequences in the location, as well as its cues. He added that the FBI raid in the third episode is probably "one of the largest [cues] certainly up to that moment".
Main title
The main title theme was composed using classical piano layered with hip-hop beats. He used beats from the TR-808, along with strings and brass, and wove the percussive instruments into the theme to create a dissonant sound. The theme song was released as a single on July 20, 2018. It has been opened to acclaim from critics and fans, and has given rise to several memes, remixes, fan projects, and TikTok viral trends.
In an article for Time, Raisa Bruner wrote that "The theme mixes Britell’s expertise in classical composition with his background making hip-hop beats, layering the two styles. [Drew] Silverstein calls out the 808s (a popular drum machine sound), detuned piano (piano intentionally made to sound out-of-tune), audio-processing filters (more technical composition tools) and “gritty” strings that all come together in a way that’s “not as sweet and glossy as you might get in other soaring themes.” This is no Downton Abbey, gilding an image of a genteel patrician family, but rather something less polished and pleasant, reflecting the nastiness of the Roy family dynamics."
Emmanuel Ocbazghi of Insider stated of the main theme, "Britell manages to distill Successions key themes into its title song. There's an unsettling atmosphere to it, an unease lurking beneath its polished veneer. This makes it hard to pinpoint exactly what the tone of the song is, but that's the point. Even fans of Succession argue whether the show is a dark comedy or a drama. The theme song matches those conflicting tones.
An official remix of the song by rapper Pusha T was released on October 2019.
Soundtrack albums
Season 1 Succession: Season 1 (HBO Original Series Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the first season of the television series, released on August 9, 2019 by Milan Records. The album was preceded by the single—the main title theme, released earlier on July 2018.
Season 2 Succession: Season 2 (HBO Original Series Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the second season of the television series, released on May 22, 2020 by WaterTower Music. The album was preceded by the single—"L to the OG", performed by Jeremy Strong.
Season 3 Succession: Season 3 (HBO Original Series Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the third season of the television series, released on April 29, 2022 by Republic Records.
Season 4 Succession: Season 4 (HBO Original Series Soundtrack)''''' is the soundtrack to the fourth and final season of the television series, released on May 29, 2023, by Lake George Music Group.
Accolades
References
2019 soundtrack albums
2020 soundtrack albums
2022 soundtrack albums
2023 soundtrack albums
Republic Records soundtracks
Milan Records soundtracks
WaterTower Music soundtracks
Television soundtracks
Nicholas Britell soundtracks
Succession (TV series) |
```graphql
type User {
a: String
}
``` |
Richard (Dick) Green is Director of Liberty Global Corporation, Shaw Communications Inc., and currently serves as chairman of the Space Sciences Institute and the University of Colorado Boulder's ATLAS Institute in Boulder, Colorado. He previously served as president and CEO of not-for-profit research and development consortium CableLabs.
Green began his career in research as an assistant professor at the University of Washington. During his residency in Seattle, he also served as a Senior Member of the Technical Staff of the Geo-Astrophysics Laboratory, a component of the Boeing Scientific Research Laboratory. In that role he published numerous articles on lunar and planetary subjects including a study of lunar geo-morphology in 1969.
Following a move to Los Angeles, Green became a Department Manager in the Laser Division of the Hughes Aircraft Company, before beginning his career in television as manager of ABC’s Video Tape Post Production Department in Hollywood in 1977. Green served briefly as Director of Engineering at Times Fiber Communications in 1979 developing technology for cabling of fiber- and electro-optic and laser technology for application in cable television distribution before accepting the role of director of the CBS Advanced Television Technology Laboratory in 1980. During his time at CBS, Green worked to develop digital and high definition television technology and helped to organize and establish the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC), a multi-industry-supported organization founded to develop voluntary national standards for advanced television, where he held the position of executive director until 1983.
Following his work with the ATSC, Green acted as senior vice president of Broadcast Operations and Engineering at the Public Broadcasting Service where his contributions included construction of national network origination and transmission facilities until the founding of CableLabs in 1988. There, Green served as president and CEO. Green's instituted and managed key technology projects that helped the cable industry develop new services and achieve standardization and interoperability among multiple industry companies and suppliers. Green retired from CableLabs in 2008. He received the Charles F. Jenkins Lifetime Achievement Emmy Award in 2012. In recognition for his achievements in broadcast television and cable, Green received the Charles G. Jenkins Lifetime Achievement Emmy Award in 2012.
Telecommunications standards
Green has been actively involved in a number of standards-setting efforts within the telecommunication industry; including the establishment of guidelines governing the management of HDTV signals, the creation of the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC), and the Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification.
Green has also chaired numerous Committees in the International Communication Union (ITU) including the US team behind ITU-R Recommendation BT.601, a worldwide television standard for digital signals, and ITU-T Study Group 9; the group behind the ITU's recommendations concerning voice, data and video IP applications over CATV networks (IPCablecom), interactive cable television service, high-speed data services, and IP-based video distribution.
Education
Education:
BS degree from Colorado College (1959)
MS in physics from the State University of New York in Albany (1964)
PhD from the University of Washington (1968)
Honors and awards
2012 Charles F. Jenkins Lifetime Achievement Emmy Award
2008 Cable Hall of Fame
2001 Technology Leadership Award
1999 NCTA Vanguard Award for Science & Technology
1996 Colorado College Louis T. Benezet Award
1993 ElectronicMedia's "12 people in the U.S. media to watch"
1991 CED Magazine's Man of the Year 1991
Publications
Astrophysics publications:
"An Analysis of Distribution of the Thermal Anomalies on Eclipsed Moon." Transactions-American Geophysical Union 49 (2):520 (1968)
An Analysis of the Distribution of the Major Surface Characteristics and the Thermal Anomalies Observed on the Eclipsed Moon. Seattle: Boeing Scientific Research Laboratories, Geo-Astrophysics Laboratory, 1969.
"A Stochastic Model of Distribution of Lunar Thermal Anomalies." & "Relative Dating of the Lunar Surface". Transactions-American Geophysical Union 50(2):61 (1969)
Ronca, Luciano B., and Richard R. Green. "Large-scale Evolution of the Lunar Surface."Astrophysics and Space Science 3.4 (1969): 564-78.
Ronca, L. B., and R. R. Green. "Aeolian Regime of the Surface of Venus." Astrophysics and Space Science 8.1 (1970): 59–65.
Ronca, L. B., and R. R. Green. "Statistical Geomorphology of the Lunar Surface." Geological Society of America Bulletin 81.2 (1970): 337.
Engineering publications:
Mirachi, M., and R. Green. "Military Laser Range Finding--A Status Report." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 5.6 (1969): 327.
Richard, Green R., and Morass F. Dwight. "Production Experience in High Definition Television." Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Journal (1984): 169–74.
Future Challenges for Cable Television: Lectures in Cable Television. [University Park, Pa.]: National Cable Television Center and Museum in Association with College of Engineering, the Pennsylvania State University, 1990.
References
Living people
American computer businesspeople
University of Colorado Boulder faculty
American technology company founders
Year of birth missing (living people)
University of Washington faculty
Primetime Emmy Engineering Award winners |
Canopy Housing are a self-help housing organisation based in Leeds, UK. They were winners of the UN World Habitat Award 2015/16 in partnership with Giroscope. Canopy renovate empty properties with volunteers and homeless people, who become their tenants after creating good quality affordable homes for themselves. They bring derelict property back into use, house homeless families, train unemployed people in construction skills, create jobs, improve community cohesion and contribute to the regeneration of disadvantaged neighbourhoods. They now manage more than 80 properties, more than a third of which they own.
Community
Empty properties are well recognised as an issue nationally, particularly in urban areas, and fall under the remit of the Empty Homes Agency. This national body supports local responses such as Canopy's. It appreciates that the project's community focus and small size enable Canopy to retrofit the properties, maintain lengthy tenancies and respond to anti social behaviour and maintenance problems quickly, all of which contribute to improving the quality of the local environment for all residents living in the area. Many of the derelict properties they renovate have been standing empty for years. Empty homes can blight an area and become sites for vandalism and rubbish dumping. In 2019 there were around 6,500 properties in Leeds that had been empty for more than six months.
Funding and partnership
Most of Canopy's homes are Victorian or Edwardian terraced houses. The first fifty they acquired were leased, predominantly from Leeds City Council on peppercorn rents. The Empty Homes Programme, which ran from 2013-2016, allowed them to start buying their own homes then when the programme closed Leeds City Council stepped in, offering capital grants to Canopy funded by the sale of council homes under right-to-buy legislation.
In 2019, Leeds City Council extended the leases on most of its properties to 99 years enabling Canopy to increase its borrowing and acquire more homes for retrofit.
Rental income on the properties which have been improved provides around two thirds of Canopy's annual income, with the remainder coming from traditional charitable funding streams.
Volunteers
Through the practical work involved in renovating a property, Canopy brings together many volunteers from the local community to learn skills, increase confidence, break down barriers and make big improvements to local neighbourhoods. Canopy volunteers come from different communities in the local area, including people from various age groups and with differing abilities. Canopy works hard to ensure that its services are accessible to people from different countries, for example by providing translated information on its services to potential volunteers. People from different backgrounds interact and have the opportunity to learn from each other’s experiences and skills. Practical jobs volunteers get involved in include light building work, kitchen installation, insulation, plastering, tiling, painting, decorating, carpeting and furniture assembly.
Mission
Through their award-winning self-help model, they enable people to create decent affordable homes for themselves and their families. They provide volunteering opportunities, supporting and training their volunteers and tenants to help them move towards their life goals. They advise other groups keen to learn from their model, and seek to replicate their work in other areas, towns and cities.
History
1996 Two local residents get together to address the problems of the large numbers of derelict and empty properties in the Burley Lodge area of Leeds. They want to get local people involved, particularly those who are young and disadvantaged, in the work and create self-help opportunities for homeless people to work to create decent homes for themselves.
1997 Planning takes shape and Canopy works with Leeds City Council and Leeds Federated Housing Association to access empty properties. Fundraising work begins to bear fruit and renovation work starts on the project base and resource centre at 66 Burley Lodge Road. Canopy starts work on its first house in October.
1998 Canopy takes legal form and is officially registered as “an industrial and provident society for the benefit of the community”. Volunteer involvement continues to grow and Canopy volunteers set up Hyde Park Source, working to renovate bin yards in Burley Lodge area.
1999 Work is completed on the project base with kitchen, workshop, office and meeting facilities. Canopy Apprenticeship Project scheme implemented.
2000 Development work starts for replicating Canopy’s work into the Beeston Hill area of South Leeds.
2001 The project in South Leeds gets started, called Beecan (Beeston Canopy) it starts work on the project resource centre at 114 Lady Pit Lane. The window box scheme is implemented throughout the Burley Lodge area.
2002 Canopy expands to commence a bin yard project in East End Park, over the next two years the project renovates 42 bin yards to create communal areas for residents. In Hyde Park our last house in the area is completed (20th) area and within months the first house in Beeston is started.
2004 Canopy begins to formally develop its work with the refugee and asylum community, providing housing and volunteer opportunities, amongst its existing diverse beneficiaries. Office space is shared with refugee community organisations.
2006 Canopy restructures and refocuses on the housing renovations and volunteer programme in Beeston, as well as starting to take on some properties in Holbeck.
2007 The project has worked with over 400 volunteers and completed a total of 36 property renovations. The volunteer programme is awarded the Investing in Volunteers standard.
2008 Canopy begins work in Harehills with the support of many local volunteers and organisations. East North East Homes Leeds supports Canopy with the provision of empty homes, the first of which is turned into a workshop and office with facilities for volunteers, tenants and local residents.
2009 Grants awarded in October–December enable the continuation of the work, but extra funding is still required to secure the staff team and other expenditure over the next five years.
2013 Canopy takes advantage of the Empty Homes Programme to purchase its first wholly-owned property.
2016 Canopy wins the UN World Habitat in partnership with Giroscope.
2019 Leeds City Council extends the leases on 39 of the properties managed by Canopy to 99 years.
References
Charities based in West Yorkshire
Housing organizations
1998 establishments in England |
Clear Creek is a stream in Cedar, Barton, Vernon, and St. Clair counties of southwest Missouri. It is a tributary to the Osage River.
The stream source area is in northeastern Barton County about 1.5 miles northeast of Irwin and the stream flows northeast then north passing through the Clear Creek Conservation Area into Vernon County and east of the community of Rousertown. The stream turns northeast and crosses Missouri Route E and U.S. Route 54 near the community of Dederick. The stream passes through the northwest corner of Cedar County northwest of El Dorado Springs and enters St. Clair County one mile east of Portia. The stream then flows northeast and enters the Osage River north of the community of Tiffin.
The stream headwaters are at and the confluence with the Osage is at .
References
Rivers of Barton County, Missouri
Rivers of Cedar County, Missouri
Rivers of St. Clair County, Missouri
Rivers of Vernon County, Missouri
Rivers of Missouri |
```python
# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
#
# path_to_url
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
"""Example code to do convolution."""
import sys
import pytest
import numpy as np
import tvm
from tvm import autotvm, te, topi
import tvm.topi.testing
from tvm.contrib import cudnn
from tvm.topi.nn.utils import get_pad_tuple
from tvm.topi.utils import get_const_tuple
from tvm.topi.nn.conv2d import _get_workload
from tvm.topi.x86.conv2d_avx_common import _fallback_schedule
import tvm.testing
dtype = tvm.testing.parameter("float16", "float32")
random_seed = tvm.testing.parameter(0)
@tvm.testing.fixture
def input_shape(batch, in_channel, in_size):
return (batch, in_channel, in_size, in_size)
@tvm.testing.fixture
def weight_shape(num_filter, in_channel, kernel):
return (num_filter, in_channel, kernel, kernel)
@tvm.testing.fixture
def bias_shape(num_filter):
return (num_filter, 1, 1)
@tvm.testing.fixture(cache_return_value=True)
def ref_data(
random_seed,
input_shape,
weight_shape,
bias_shape,
dtype,
stride,
padding,
dilation,
add_bias,
apply_relu,
):
np.random.seed(random_seed)
# scipy.signal.convolve2d does not support float16 data types, and
# the python fallback is too slow for general use. Computing
# ref_data in float32 will have fewer rounding errors than the TVM
# float16 compute, but those vary based on schedule anyways.
conv_dtype = "float32" if dtype == "float16" else dtype
a_np = np.random.uniform(size=input_shape).astype(dtype)
w_np = np.random.uniform(size=weight_shape).astype(dtype)
b_np = np.random.uniform(size=bias_shape).astype(dtype)
dw_np = tvm.topi.testing.dilate_python(w_np, (1, 1, dilation, dilation))
c_np = tvm.topi.testing.conv2d_nchw_python(
a_np.astype(conv_dtype), dw_np.astype(conv_dtype), stride, padding
).astype(dtype)
if add_bias:
c_np = c_np + b_np
if apply_relu:
c_np = np.maximum(c_np, 0)
return a_np, w_np, b_np, c_np
class BaseConv2DTests:
add_bias = tvm.testing.parameter(False)
apply_relu = tvm.testing.parameter(False)
dilation = tvm.testing.parameter(1)
batch = tvm.testing.parameter(1)
def test_conv2d_nchw(
self,
target,
dev,
batch,
in_channel,
in_size,
num_filter,
kernel,
stride,
padding,
dtype,
ref_data,
dilation,
add_bias,
apply_relu,
):
target = tvm.target.Target(target)
is_cudnn_target = target.kind.name == "cuda" and "cudnn" in target.attrs.get("libs", [])
if target.kind.name == "vulkan" and dtype == "float16":
if not target.attrs.get("supports_float16", False) or not target.attrs.get(
"supports_16bit_buffer", False
):
pytest.xfail("Vulkan device does not support float16")
if (
target.kind.name == "cuda"
and dtype == "float16"
and not tvm.contrib.nvcc.have_fp16(dev.compute_version)
):
pytest.xfail("CUDA float16 intrinsics not available")
pad_top, pad_left, pad_bottom, pad_right = get_pad_tuple(padding, (kernel, kernel))
padding_sum = pad_top + pad_left + pad_bottom + pad_right
has_asymmetric_padding = (pad_top != pad_bottom) or (pad_left != pad_right)
if is_cudnn_target and has_asymmetric_padding:
pytest.xfail("CuDNN does not support asymmetric padding")
a_np, w_np, b_np, c_np = ref_data
A = te.placeholder(a_np.shape, name="A", dtype=dtype)
W = te.placeholder(w_np.shape, name="W", dtype=dtype)
bias = te.placeholder(b_np.shape, name="bias", dtype=dtype)
if "int" in dtype:
tol = {"atol": 0, "rtol": 0}
elif dtype == "float32":
tol = {"rtol": 1e-4, "atol": 2e-4}
elif dtype == "float16":
# A summation in float16 with a single accumulator very
# quickly runs into large rounding errors. At some point,
# this tolerance should be schedule-dependent for to avoid
# false negatives.
num_values_summed = in_channel * kernel * kernel
gap_size = np.nextafter(c_np.max(), np.inf, dtype=c_np.dtype) - c_np.max()
tol = {"rtol": 1e-3, "atol": num_values_summed * gap_size / 2}
with autotvm.tophub.context(target): # load tophub pre-tuned parameters
if is_cudnn_target:
fcompute, fschedule = topi.cuda.conv2d_cudnn, topi.cuda.schedule_conv2d_cudnn
else:
fcompute, fschedule = tvm.topi.testing.get_conv2d_nchw_implement(target)
with target:
if is_cudnn_target:
C = fcompute(
A, W, (stride, stride), padding, (dilation, dilation), 1, "NCHW", dtype
)
else:
C = fcompute(A, W, (stride, stride), padding, (dilation, dilation), dtype)
if add_bias:
C = topi.add(C, bias)
if apply_relu:
C = topi.nn.relu(C)
s = fschedule([C])
a = tvm.nd.array(a_np, dev)
w = tvm.nd.array(w_np, dev)
b = tvm.nd.array(b_np, dev)
c = tvm.nd.array(np.zeros(get_const_tuple(C.shape), dtype=C.dtype), dev)
func = tvm.build(
s,
[A, W, bias, C],
target,
name="conv2d_{}_{}_{}_{}_{}_{}_{}_{}_{}".format(
dtype,
batch,
in_channel,
in_size,
num_filter,
kernel,
stride,
padding_sum,
dilation,
),
)
func(a, w, b, c)
tvm.testing.assert_allclose(c.numpy(), c_np, **tol)
@tvm.testing.parametrize_targets("llvm")
def test_workload_padding(
self,
target,
input_shape,
weight_shape,
stride,
padding,
dilation,
dtype,
ref_data,
):
a_np, w_np, b_np, c_np = ref_data
_, _, out_height, out_width = c_np.shape
A = te.placeholder(input_shape, name="A", dtype=dtype)
W = te.placeholder(weight_shape, name="W", dtype=dtype)
with tvm.target.Target(target):
wkl = _get_workload(A, W, (stride, stride), padding, dilation, dtype)
# check if tile_ow candidates are the factors of the right output weight.
cfg = autotvm.get_config()
_fallback_schedule(cfg, wkl)
ow_tile = np.prod(cfg["tile_ow"].size)
tvm.testing.assert_allclose(ow_tile, out_width)
class TestResNet18Workloads(BaseConv2DTests):
in_channel, in_size, num_filter, kernel, stride, padding = tvm.testing.parameters(
(3, 224, 64, 7, 2, 3),
(64, 56, 64, 3, 1, 1),
(64, 56, 64, 1, 1, 0),
(64, 56, 128, 3, 2, 1),
(64, 56, 128, 1, 2, 0),
(128, 28, 128, 3, 1, 1),
(128, 28, 256, 3, 2, 1),
(128, 28, 256, 1, 2, 0),
(256, 14, 256, 3, 1, 1),
(256, 14, 512, 3, 2, 1),
(256, 14, 512, 1, 2, 0),
(512, 7, 512, 3, 1, 1),
)
class TestInceptionV3Workloads(BaseConv2DTests):
in_channel, in_size, num_filter, kernel, stride, padding = tvm.testing.parameters(
(3, 299, 32, 3, 2, 0),
(32, 149, 32, 3, 1, 0),
(32, 147, 64, 3, 1, 1),
(64, 73, 80, 1, 1, 0),
(80, 73, 192, 3, 1, 0),
(192, 35, 64, 1, 1, 0),
(192, 35, 48, 1, 1, 0),
(48, 35, 64, 5, 1, 2),
(64, 35, 96, 3, 1, 1),
(96, 35, 96, 3, 1, 1),
(192, 35, 32, 1, 1, 0),
(256, 35, 64, 1, 1, 0),
(256, 35, 48, 1, 1, 0),
(288, 35, 64, 1, 1, 0),
(288, 35, 48, 1, 1, 0),
(288, 35, 384, 3, 2, 0),
(96, 35, 96, 3, 2, 0),
(768, 17, 192, 1, 1, 0),
(768, 17, 128, 1, 1, 0),
(128, 17, 128, 1, 1, 0),
(128, 17, 192, 7, 1, 3),
(128, 17, 128, 7, 1, 3),
(128, 17, 192, 1, 1, 0),
(768, 17, 160, 1, 1, 0),
# disable these tests due to some bugs of llvm with nvptx
# (160, 17, 160, 1, 1, 0),
(160, 17, 192, 7, 1, 3),
(160, 17, 160, 7, 1, 3),
(160, 17, 192, 1, 1, 0),
(192, 17, 192, 1, 1, 0),
(192, 17, 192, 7, 1, 3),
(192, 17, 320, 3, 2, 0),
(192, 17, 192, 3, 2, 0),
(1280, 8, 320, 1, 1, 0),
(1280, 8, 384, 1, 1, 0),
(384, 8, 384, 1, 1, 0),
(384, 8, 384, 3, 1, 1),
(1280, 8, 448, 1, 1, 0),
(448, 8, 384, 3, 1, 1),
(1280, 8, 192, 1, 1, 0),
(2048, 8, 320, 1, 1, 0),
(2048, 8, 384, 1, 1, 0),
(2048, 8, 448, 1, 1, 0),
(2048, 8, 192, 1, 1, 0),
(1024, 19, 84, 3, 1, 1),
(2048, 10, 126, 3, 1, 1),
(512, 5, 126, 3, 1, 1),
(256, 3, 126, 3, 1, 1),
)
class TestWeirdWorkloads(BaseConv2DTests):
batch, in_channel, in_size, num_filter, kernel, stride, padding = tvm.testing.parameters(
(2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2),
(3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3),
(4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4),
(5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5),
(6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6),
# disable these tests due to some bugs of llvm with nvptx
# (1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
# (2, 13, 71, 59, 3, 1, 1),
)
class TestAsymmetricPadding(BaseConv2DTests):
dilation = tvm.testing.parameter(1, 2)
in_channel, in_size, num_filter, kernel, stride, padding = tvm.testing.parameters(
(3, 35, 64, 7, 2, (0, 0, 1, 1)),
(64, 8, 128, 3, 1, (3, 3, 2, 2)),
(64, 8, 64, 1, 1, (1, 2, 2, 1)),
(64, 17, 192, 1, 1, (1, 2)),
(64, 8, 64, 3, 1, (3, 1)),
(128, 8, 384, 3, 1, (0, 2)),
(64, 35, 64, 3, 1, (1, 2)),
(64, 8, 64, 1, 1, "VALID"),
(388, 8, 64, 3, 1, "VALID"),
(64, 10, 48, 3, 1, "VALID"),
(512, 19, 64, 1, 1, "SAME"),
(64, 5, 32, 2, 1, "SAME"),
(64, 8, 64, 3, 1, "SAME"),
(64, 8, 64, 3, 1, (1, 2, 2, 1)),
(64, 8, 64, 5, 2, (1, 3)),
(64, 8, 64, 3, 1, "VALID"),
(64, 8, 64, 24, 1, "SAME"),
(32, 35, 64, 7, 2, (0, 0, 2, 2)),
)
class TestBatchSize(BaseConv2DTests):
in_channel, in_size, num_filter, kernel, stride, padding = tvm.testing.parameters(
(64, 56, 64, 3, 1, 1),
)
batch = tvm.testing.parameter(1, 4, 9)
class TestBiasRelu(BaseConv2DTests):
apply_relu = tvm.testing.parameter(True, False, ids=["relu", "no_relu"])
add_bias = tvm.testing.parameter(True, False, ids=["bias", "no_bias"])
in_channel, in_size, num_filter, kernel, stride, padding = tvm.testing.parameters(
(64, 56, 64, 3, 1, 1),
(64, 8, 64, 3, 1, (1, 2, 2, 1)),
(64, 8, 64, 5, 2, (1, 3)),
(64, 8, 64, 3, 1, "VALID"),
(64, 8, 64, 24, 1, "SAME"),
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
tvm.testing.main()
``` |
Erinna is a genus of perennial herbaceous geophytes in the flowering plant family Amaryllidaceae. It is native to Chile, South America. It is included in the tribe Gilliesieae, within the subfamily Allioideae. The genus is monotypic, with a single species, Erinna gilliesioides. It is relatively rare.
Taxonomy
Erinna was described by Philippi in 1864 as a monotypic genus, based on Erinna gilliesioides. As such it was a genus within Alliaceae, and included in the phylogenetic construction of Gilliesieae in 1996. Although Ravenna (2000) proposed transferring it to Leucocoryne as Leucocoryne gilliesioides on morphological grounds, it was included separately by Chase et al. (2009) and hence the 2009 APGIII. Although the World Checklist lists Erinna as a synonym of Leucocoryne, Sassone et al. (2014) still consider its status uncertain.
In 2014 Sassone et al. proposed dividing the Gilliesieae into two separate tribes. Under their proposal, Erinna would remain in Gilliesieae s.s. rather than be transferred to the new tribe, Leucocorynae, as would be the case if transferred into Leucocoryne.
References
Bibliography
Erinna. The Plant List
Amaryllidaceae genera
Allioideae
Monotypic Amaryllidaceae genera |
```c++
//
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
//
// VulkanHpp Samples : ArrayProxy
// Compile test on using vk::ArrayProxy
#undef VULKAN_HPP_DISPATCH_LOADER_DYNAMIC
#define VULKAN_HPP_DISPATCH_LOADER_DYNAMIC 0
#include <iostream>
#include <vulkan/vulkan.hpp>
int main( int /*argc*/, char ** /*argv*/ )
{
try
{
// test operator==() with vk-handle and nullptr
vk::Instance instance;
assert( instance == nullptr );
assert( nullptr == instance );
instance = vk::createInstance( {} );
assert( instance != nullptr );
assert( nullptr != instance );
instance.destroy();
}
catch ( vk::SystemError const & err )
{
std::cout << "vk::SystemError: " << err.what() << std::endl;
exit( -1 );
}
catch ( ... )
{
std::cout << "unknown error\n";
exit( -1 );
}
return 0;
}
``` |
```javascript
function locStart(node) {
return node.sourceSpan.start.offset;
}
function locEnd(node) {
return node.sourceSpan.end.offset;
}
export { locEnd, locStart };
``` |
Magdalene with Two Flames or The Penitent Magdalene is an undated oil-on-canvas painting created c.1640 by the French painter Georges de La Tour. In 1978 Mr. and Mrs. Charles Wrightsman gave it to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, where it still hangs.
The painting depicts Mary Magdalene, a companion of Christ, who exchanged her previous worldly lifestyle for a life of penance and contemplation. She is shown, illuminated by a candle, sitting in a meditative pose in front of a mirror. The light from the candle and its reflection create a strong chiaroscuro effect, with the subject's brightly lit face and breast contrasting with the darkness of the rest of the composition.
Both the candle and the human skull she is holding are metaphors for the fragility of life and her discarded jewellery for the meaningless value of worldly possessions and for her atonement.
The work is one of several by the artist featuring a candlelit Mary Magdalene.
See also
Magdalene at a Mirror (de La Tour, c. 1635–1640)
Magdalene with the Smoking Flame (de La Tour, 1640)
References
Conisbee, Philip. “An Introduction to the Life and Art of Georges de La Tour,” in Philip Conisbee (ed.), Georges de La Tour and His World, exh. cat. Washington, DC, National Gallery of Art; Fort Worth, Kimbell Art Museum 1996, pp. 13–147.
Judovitz, Dalia. Georges de La Tour and the Enigma of the Visible, New York, Fordham University Press, 2018. ; .
External links
The Penitent Magdalene
1640s paintings
Paintings by Georges de La Tour
Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art
Paintings depicting Mary Magdalene
Skulls in art
Mirrors in art |
```java
/*
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package org.apache.arrow.vector.complex.impl;
import org.apache.arrow.vector.complex.AbstractContainerVector;
import org.apache.arrow.vector.complex.reader.FieldReader;
import org.apache.arrow.vector.complex.writer.BaseWriter.ListWriter;
import org.apache.arrow.vector.complex.writer.BaseWriter.StructWriter;
import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.Types.MinorType;
/** An implementation of {@link AbstractFieldReader} for lists vectors. */
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public class SingleListReaderImpl extends AbstractFieldReader {
private final String name;
private final AbstractContainerVector container;
private FieldReader reader;
/**
* Constructs a new instance.
*
* @param name The name of field to read in container.
* @param container The container holding a list.
*/
public SingleListReaderImpl(String name, AbstractContainerVector container) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.container = container;
}
@Override
public void setPosition(int index) {
super.setPosition(index);
if (reader != null) {
reader.setPosition(index);
}
}
@Override
public Object readObject() {
return reader.readObject();
}
@Override
public FieldReader reader() {
if (reader == null) {
reader = container.getChild(name).getReader();
setPosition(idx());
}
return reader;
}
@Override
public MinorType getMinorType() {
return MinorType.LIST;
}
@Override
public boolean isSet() {
return false;
}
@Override
public void copyAsValue(ListWriter writer) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
"Generic list copying not yet supported. Please resolve to typed list.");
}
@Override
public void copyAsField(String name, StructWriter writer) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
"Generic list copying not yet supported. Please resolve to typed list.");
}
}
``` |
Acrobasis subflavella is a species of snout moth in the genus Acrobasis. It was described by Hiroshi Inoue in 1982. It is found in Japan.
References
Moths described in 1982
Acrobasis
Moths of Japan |
Virginia Grütter (born Virginia Teresa del Carmen and Inés, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, 20 April 1929 – 3 March 2000) was a Costa Rican writer, actress and theatrical director. In the year 2000 she died of respiratory failure.
Publications
Poetry
"Give me your hand" (1954).
"Poetry of this world" (1973).
"Cradle songs and of battle" (1994). Áncora Prize of Literature in 1996.
Prose
"Friends and the wind" (the original title was "Boris") (1978).
"Missing" (1980).
"Singing to my time: memories" (1998).
References
Grutter, V. (1998). Singing to my time: memories. Saint José: Publishing Women.
Monge Meza, C.F. (1984). The separate image: ideological models of the poetry costarricense, 1950–1980. Saint José: Institute of the Book, MCJD.
Quesada Soto, To. (2010). Brief history of the literature costarricense. Saint José: Publisher Costa Rica.
Ugalde, And. (2010). Virginia Grutter. In: Club of Books. Recovered on 25 September of the 2012: http://www.clubdelibros.com/biografias/183-virginia-grutter.html
Víquez Guzmán, B. (2009). Virginia Grutter Jiménez. In: the Literary art and his Theory. Recovered on 25 September of the 2012:
http://heredia-costarica.zonalibre.org/archives/2009/09/virginia-grutter-jimenez.html
External links
Poems of Virginia Grütter in the official place of the National Institute of the Women of Costa Rica:
Poems of Virginia Grütter in the program Further of the syllable, poetic anthology costarricense. Of the State University to Distance of Costa Rica:
Technical index card of the film "Virginia Grütter: stronger that the pain" in the official place of the film-maker Quinka F. Stoehr:
2000 deaths
1929 births
Costa Rican women poets
People from Puntarenas Province
20th-century Costa Rican poets
20th-century actresses
20th-century Costa Rican women writers
Costa Rican stage actresses
Academic staff of the University of Costa Rica
Deaths from respiratory failure |
Left 4 Dead is a series of cooperative first-person shooter survival horror video games published by Valve. Set in the days after a pandemic outbreak of a viral strain transforming people into zombie-like feral creatures, the games follow the adventures of four survivors attempting to reach safe houses and military rescue while fending off the attacking hordes.
The games encourage cooperative play between up to four players, each taking the role of one of the survivor characters and the computer controlling any unassigned characters. Players use a combination of melee weapons, firearms, and thrown objects to fend off attacks from the bulk of the infected creatures, while using an assortment of healing items to keep their group alive. Certain unique infected creatures pose a more difficult challenge, typically requiring teamwork to take down effectively. The games are overseen by an "AI Director", designed to give the players a more dramatic experience based on their performance, penalizing players for stalling while rewarding players with special weapons by taking longer or riskier paths. The Director also makes gameplay dynamic, meaning that no two playthroughs are quite the same.
Video games
Left 4 Dead was released in November 2008. The game's development was started by Turtle Rock Studios, who were bought by Valve during the game's creation, with continued development occurring at Valve's studios.
Left 4 Dead 2 was released a year later in November 2009. Valve attributed the short turnaround between the titles as a result of having many ideas to expand on the first game, but more than could be reasonably done through software patching or downloadable content. The fast turnaround of the sequel was initially criticized by many players of the first game, leading to a temporary effort to boycott the second game. Valve helped to placate matters, demonstrating that it was still developing content for the first game, including a crossover campaign, "The Passing", between the characters of both games.
Downloadable content
Crash Course is the first downloadable content (DLC) campaign for Left 4 Dead. It is free on PC, but not for Xbox 360. It was released on September 29, 2009. According to Valve it is meant to bridge the gap between No Mercy and Death Toll.
The Passing is the first DLC crossover campaign of Left 4 Dead 2, which includes a new campaign and "new co-operative challenge modes of play" and introduces a new firearm, the M60; the Golf Club, and a new Uncommon Infected called the Fallen Survivor. It was released April 22, 2010.
The Sacrifice is a three-chapter DLC for both Left 4 Dead and Left 4 Dead 2 and was released on October 5, 2010. Taking place after Blood Harvest and is considered to be the prologue to The Passing, as both campaigns are connected to each other.
Cold Stream is the third DLC for Left 4 Dead 2. It was announced in a blog post on February 16, 2011. Cold Stream was released on March 22, 2011 in beta form on Steam, and it was officially released in its final form on Steam on July 24, 2012. Cold Stream was released on the Xbox Marketplace August 3, 2012 for 560MSP. It was created by map making community member Matthew Lourdelet and features various wall graffiti featuring the author's friends.
The Last Stand is a community-made scenario for Left 4 Dead 2, and was released on September 24, 2020 with Valve's blessing as an official update to the game. The update includes over twenty new maps for survival mode, a new campaign, and additional updates to the game.
Spin-offs and crossovers
The Mercenaries: No Mercy makes a return on the PC version of Resident Evil 6. As an exclusive to No Mercy, Capcom and game developer Valve had teamed up to allow Left 4 Dead 2 content for No Mercy. The content includes the main cast from Left 4 Dead 2 being playable characters with their own loadouts alongside the Witch and the Tank replacing the Bloodshot and the Napad as enemies.
Pixel Force: Left 4 Dead is a downloadable indie game where the game is played as if it were released for NES.
is a version of Left 4 Dead 2 released on December 10, 2014 for Japanese arcades by Taito. The game features the same scenarios and locations as L4D2, but features a different cast of survivors unique to this edition.
The No Mercy level of Left 4 Dead appeared as DLC for the cooperative-shooter Payday: The Heist and its sequel Payday 2.
On August 20, 2015, a free update was released for the PC version of the game Zombie Army Trilogy which imported the eight survivor characters from the Left 4 Dead games.
In March 2017, asymmetric horror game Dead by Daylight released the "Left Behind" DLC for PC, which unlocked Bill as a playable character. It also unlocked Zoey, Ellis, Francis and Rochelle costumes for Meg, Dwight, Jake and Claudette respectively.
Comics
Tied to the release of "The Sacrifice" downloadable content, a four-part web comic drawn by Michael Avon Oeming was released to describe the events of the first set of survivors, Bill, Louis, Zoey, and Francis, that led them to meet the second group, Coach, Ellis, Rochelle, and Nick. Each of the parts provides a backstory for each of the first survivor characters at the onset of the pandemic, and also follows directly up on the final campaign from the first game, "Blood Harvest", where the survivors, identified as carriers, are taken to a secure military facility. The use of the comic medium to expand the game's story outside of the game's bounds has been used by Valve before in promoting Team Fortress 2.
Merchandise and other products
Within Left 4 Dead 2, a fictional southern rock band called the Midnight Riders was introduced. Several songs have been produced for the game and tie-in promotions. Two of them, "Midnight Ride" and "One Bad Man", have appeared as downloadable content for the Rock Band series via the Rock Band Network. Valve released a series of holiday cards themed after the survivors, created by Alexandria Neonakis. Three plush toys have been released based on the Left 4 Dead series' infected; first with the Boomer, and later with the Hunter and the Tank. They are to be followed by two more plush toys yet to be released. They were also created by Alexandria Neonakis.
In June 2011, it was confirmed that Valve had signed a deal with NECA, to produce action figures, which includes Left 4 Dead and other Valve series. There are two figures produced so far, Left 4 Deads Boomer (which was released in June), and Left 4 Dead 2s Smoker (which was released in November).
Cancelled sequel
Valve has not yet made any direct statement related to future games in the series, though Chet Faliszek said in 2012 that like Valve's other games, a sequel had not been ruled out. Rumors from 2013 through 2016 led players to believe that Valve was developing Left 4 Dead 3, with a target release date in 2017.
In April 2019, Tyler McVicker of Valve News Network reported that while Left 4 Dead 3 had been in development at some point at Valve, it had been subsequently cancelled a few years earlier. Assets that McVicker had obtained showed a level comparable to assets used in Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, and indicated that very little other work appeared to have been done on the title.
In July 2020, multimedia storybook The Final Hours of Half-Life: Alyx, which focused on the 2010s at Valve, gave information about the cancelled Left 4 Dead 3 project that was developed around 2013, describing it as an open-world game set in Morocco where the player fights hundreds of zombies. The project was shelved due to the slow development of the Source 2 engine.
At The Game Awards 2020, Turtle Rock announced Back 4 Blood, their spiritual successor to Left 4 Dead 2, released on 12 October 2021.
Setting
The Left 4 Dead games take place in the days following a pandemic outbreak of an infection that transforms humans into feral, zombie-like creatures, seeking to kill those yet to be infected. Within the United States, the Civil Emergency and Defense Agency (CEDA) orders the creation of safe zones with the aid of the military, and evacuates as many people as possible to these areas, aiming to transfer them to islands and ocean-going ships, as the infected are unable to cross bodies of water. A number of people are discovered to be immune to the infection, though they can carry and unintentionally spread it to others. In both games, four of these "Carriers" or otherwise just immune humans, meet and become the game's "Survivor" characters, making their way to safe houses and extraction points.
Characters
The first game follows four survivors as they travel from Pennsylvania to Georgia. The game's four Survivors are:
Bill: an old Vietnam War veteran. Voiced by Jim French.
Louis: a frazzled IT analyst. The most optimistic of the four. Voiced by Earl Alexander.
Francis: an outlaw biker who hates everything, except for vests. Voiced by Vince Valenzuela.
Zoey: a college student who loves horror movies. Voiced by Jen Taylor.
The second game follows another group as they travel from Savannah, Georgia to New Orleans, Louisiana, and features four new Survivors:
Coach: a portly high school football coach. Voiced by Chad L. Coleman.
Ellis: an overly talkative mechanic. Voiced by Eric Ladin.
Nick: a pessimistic gambler and con artist. Voiced by Hugh Dillon.
Rochelle: a low-level TV reporter. Voiced by Rochelle Aytes and modeled on Shanola Hampton.
The Japanese arcade version of the second game follows the same route and story, but features four Survivors exclusive to the Arcade edition:
Yusuke: a Japanese college student visiting America on vacation. Voiced by Ryuichi Kijima.
Haruka: a Japanese schoolgirl visiting America on a school trip. Voiced by Ayane Sakura.
Sara: a Japanese-American tour guide. Voiced by Miyuki Sawashiro.
Blake: an American bartender and army veteran. Voiced by Hidenori Takahashi.
Purple Francis
On February 12, 2021, two editors vandalized the Left 4 Dead community wiki with a series of hoax edits describing "Purple Francis", a nonexistent playable character who is visually identical to the character Francis with the exception of a "purple hue". The edits provided detailed nonexistent lore, and cross-references to over a dozen edited pages, where Purple Francis was discussed in detail alongside other existing characters. Purple Francis was described as having been born in a candle factory, and turned purple through an iron-rich diet, which made him "incredibly attractive to women". The edits also claimed that Purple Francis's daughter had an affair with Ronald Reagan, that ten players passed out after hearing his voice in the game for the first time, and that he was later removed from retail copies of the game by Valve, "due to negative feedback." "Screenshots" of Purple Francis were also supplied, depicting the character photoshopped into existing artwork throughout the wiki.
While the edits were eventually reverted a few days after creation, Purple Francis received a cult following within the Left 4 Dead fan community, and a mod on Steam Workshop was released on February 14 by a developer who'd worked on official Left 4 Dead content in the past, claiming to restore the "cut content" depicting Purple Francis. The original creators of Purple Francis were later identified as "Lucy" and "Unknowntrope," two teenagers who had originally come up with the concept as an inside joke.
Gameplay
The Left 4 Dead games are first-person shooters incorporating survival horror elements. A player controls one of the four Survivor characters, and has the ability to move, jump, and use weapons in their possession. Players are limited to two weapons: a main firearm with limited ammunition taken from ammo caches, and either one (or two pistols) sidearm with unlimited ammunition or a melee weapon. Players also have three additional inventory slots. The third slot gives the player a thrown weapon, including a Molotov cocktail, a pipe bomb that can be used to lure a horde towards it before it explodes, or a bile jar that can be used to lure a horde to a specific area. The fourth slot provides for either a health kit which they can use on themselves or the other survivors, a defibrillator to revive a dead Survivor, or a special ammo deployment kit providing unique ammo such as explosive bullets. The fifth inventory slot is used for pain pills, giving the player a temporary health boost, or an adrenaline shot, temporarily increasing the player's speed. Some environmental objects like propane tanks or gasoline cans can be carried and thrown at hordes, upon which they can be fired upon as a makeshift explosive, but cannot be stored in the player's inventory. In Left 4 Dead 2, limited-use weapons such as the chainsaw or the machine gun can also be carried in a similar manner. The player can use whatever object they are holding to temporarily push back any Infected surrounding them.
A health bar is used to track each character's health; players are aware of the state of each other's health and special items, and each character is shown to other players through an outlined silhouette on the game's HUD, regardless of walls that separate the characters, and colored based on their health state. A character's health suffers from attacks from any Infected, environmental effects such as fires, and from friendly-fire incidents. When a character's health falls below a certain level, the character will not be able to move as fast until they can restore their health. If the player's health drops to zero, they become incapacitated, and a new temporary health bar appears, representing a bleed out period. Should this bar drop to zero, the character dies, and can only be restored either through a defibrillator, appearing later in a level in a "rescue closet" from which they must be freed, or when the remaining players reach the safe house. Otherwise, an incapacitated character can be revived with the assistance of any other character. However, if a character becomes incapacitated three times in a row without using a first-aid kit, they will immediately die the third time. Similarly, if a character falls over an edge, they will hang precariously for a limited time, falling to their death if they are not assisted in time.
In the main campaign mode, each campaign is divided into two to five sections. For all but the last section, the goal of the players is to reach the safehouse at the end of the level, where fresh supplies of weapons, ammo, and health items are typically found. In the final section, the campaign comes to a climax and requires the players to either make a stand against waves of Infected as they wait for a rescue vehicle, fill up an escape vehicle's gas tank while fending off the horde, or race through a gauntlet of Infected to make their way to the rescue point.
Additional game modes are also available. A 4-on-4 competitive mode is available, where in alternating matches, one side controls the Survivor characters while the other controls unique Infected creatures. When playing as the Survivors, the goal remains the same as the normal campaign mode. The Infected side tries to prevent the Survivors from making their way to the safehouse; should they be killed by the survivors, they will respawn later as a new creature. Scoring is based on how far the Survivors get and other factors, with the team with the most points at the end of a campaign considered the winner. Other modes are based on single-situation standoffs where the Survivors have to hold out as long as possible.
In Left 4 Dead 2 two additional modes have been introduced. In "realism" mode, several of the video game aspects are removed from the game, such as the identification of the location of teammates via their silhouette, the respawning of dead characters later in rescue closets, and more severe damage models. The sequel also features "mutations", game modes based on either the campaign or competitive modes where specific rules may be in place. For example, one mutation may give all the Survivor characters chainsaws from the start, while another may make every unique infected appear as a specific type, such as the Tank.
Both games support user-generated content through new maps and campaigns using tools provided by Valve; Left 4 Dead 2 also provides support for custom mutations. Valve has further supported the user community by highlighting popular third-party maps, and including select ones in software patches for the game.
AI Director
The Left 4 Dead series uses a collection of artificial intelligence routines, collectively the "AI Director", to monitor and alter the gameplay experience in response to the players. Valve's primary goal with the AI Director was to promote replayability of the games' campaigns, as their previous multiplayer games with this feature, such as Counter-Strike and Team Fortress 2 have shown thriving communities of players that continue to play the games despite the limited number of maps available due to the unpredictable nature of online play. In considering this for Left 4 Dead, Valve identified that many games use static events that always occur at fixed points in a level, or limited dynamic events where one of several events could occur at fixed points. Valve themselves had used this idea in some key battles in Half-Life 2: Episode Two where the spawning of Combine forces would be based on the player's location. They recognized that such systems do not promote replayability or cooperation: players could easily memorize where events would occur, and those that had yet to experience the events would slow other players down. With the concept of the AI Director, Valve believed it could capture the same chaos and randomness that would occur in Counter-Strike and Team Fortress 2 in the cooperative gameplay experience, transforming it from simple memorization to a skills challenge. Valve has further termed this approach "procedural narrative", creating a new story each time the game is played.
The AI Director has several facets that combine to form "structured unpredictability" for each playthrough. The Director first procedurally generates a dramatic flow for the level, which identifies the size and location of hordes of common infected and uncommon infected throughout the level. The procedural generation considers each traversable area on the map, using pathfinding algorithms that Valve had incorporated into Counter-strike computer-controlled characters, and the "flow" of the map—the general direction from the start of the level to the safe house. As players progress through the map, the Director will spawn infected in areas near the players and out of sight, while removing infected from earlier portions of the map the players have passed through. The placement also considered the "Escape Route", the shortest path through the map, and will increase encounters along this route to increase the difficulty. Spawning rules are different for each of the infected; hordes are more often spawned behind players to take them by surprise, while special infected like the Hunter and Smoker will spawn ahead of the players, giving their individual AI the opportunity to lay in wait for the players. Procedural generation is also used to place weapons and other items throughout the level. Weapons and equipment can be programmed by the map designer to be generated by the Director at fixed points, allowing for some predictability for the players, and to give some creative control to the design for story-telling and visual effects.
Overriding the procedural generation is the aim to create "active dynamic pacing" of the game by continuous monitoring of players, and altering the predetermined pacing to react to this. Each player character is tracked by a metric called the Survivor Intensity, which increases as the character takes damage, becomes incapacitated, or another character dies nearby, among other effects, and slowly decays in time. The Director will alter its previously developed schedule for spawning of infected to build up Survivor Intensity to a certain threshold; when this occurs, the game sustains this peak for a few seconds, then enters a period where it relaxes and reduces the spawning of infected, allowing the players to finish their current encounter and allow their Survivor Intensities to fall away from the threshold. The Director then repeats this cycle until the players have reached the end of the level.
The boss infected encounters are generated through different means, creating a sequence based on cycling without repetition between three situations: Tank, Witch, or "No event". Boss events are then generated based on the number of areas the players have passed through. These events are not modified by the dynamic pacing of the game; Valve discovered when these were controlled by the pacing, players would often be at too high of an intensity to allow these encounters to occur. Keeping the events on a separate track allows the pacing to be unpredictable, further enhancing the replayability goal of the Director.
The Director also creates mood and tension with emotional cues, such as visual effects, audio cues for specific types of infected, and character communication. Within Left 4 Dead 2, the Director has the ability to alter placement of walls, level layout, lighting, and weather conditions, and reward players for taking more difficult routes with more useful weapons and items. A dedicated Director routine dynamically controls music and other ambient sound effects, monitoring what a player has experienced to create an appropriate sound mix. The process is client-side and done by a multi-track system. Each player hears their own mix, which is being generated as they play through the game, and dead players watching a teammate hear their teammates' mix.
Valve sees the AI Director as a tool to be used for other games. A software patch for the cooperative game Alien Swarm added a game mode, Onslaught, that used a version of the AI Director from Left 4 Dead to dynamically generate enemies for the players to fight.
Valve has investigated the use of biofeedback from the players directly as input for the Director. At the 2011 Game Developers Conference, Valve demonstrated a simple test where a player, fitted with a device to measure skin conductance level, played through a Left 4 Dead 2 level. Certain in-game actions, such as hearing a threatening noise or passing an opening doorway, would cause the skin conductance to rise. Valve postulates that such information fed into the Director could create a much more effective player experience.
Infected characters
The Infected characters within the game are divided into four categories. The most abundant are the "common" infected, the least deformed of the infected creatures. Alone, these infected are weak, but in large numbers, they pose a significant threat to the Survivors. Often, the Director will engineer a "horde", where a large number of the common infected charge the players. Hordes can also be created by setting off in-game "crescendo events" that usually involve some loud noise created by the players, or by activating a car alarm. As such, many individual levels feature a unique, noisy event, such as the raising of a rusty elevator, where a very large horde will be attracted, with the players given forewarning so that they can prepare for the onslaught.
A second type of infected introduced in Left 4 Dead 2, are the "uncommon infected". Uncommon infected are unique to certain campaigns and, though not any stronger than the common infected, have a special ability that can hamper the players' progress. For example, the uncommon infected in "Hard Rain" are infected road workers that are still wearing protective ear pieces, making them immune to the lure of pipe bombs.
The third type of infected creature are the "special" infected. Each of these creatures appear less frequently during a campaign, and are designed to keep the players working together as a team. They have very specific vocalizations, as well as leitmotifs which are inserted into the game's soundtrack when the AI Director places one, allowing Survivor players some forewarning. They serve as playable characters for the Infected in the games' versus modes.
Hunter - a nimble and agile Infected that is able to leap large distances and tackle a single Survivor, who will take damage until either they are killed or the Hunter is either killed or shoved off. The pounced Survivor is rendered completely incapable of taking action, encapsulating the intent of the special infected: they must be rescued by other Survivors as they cannot help themselves.
Smoker - an Infected with a long tongue that it uses to ensnare and strangle Survivors, rendering them helpless until the tongue is hit or the Smoker killed or stunned with explosives or shoving. When killed, it leaves a cloud of smoke that temporarily obscures the Survivors' vision and makes them cough.
Boomer - a slow-moving bloated Infected that vomits bile onto Survivors; though not harmful itself, the bile attracts common infected to the character. When killed, a Boomer explodes, covering any nearby Survivors in more bile.
Spitter - an Infected that spews a large amount of acidic "spit" at the Survivors. Survivors standing in the "goo" suffer quickly-increasing damage until they move out of the puddle. The Spitter herself is quite weak and upon her death, she leaves a small puddle of acid that also damages Survivors.
Charger - an Infected with a large mutated arm that attacks by charging Survivors at high speed. The charge attack is capable of knocking down and effectively stunning every Survivor at once, and the Survivor at the forefront of the attack is carried as far as the Charger runs or until the Charger hits a wall, at which point the Charger begins to pummel the Survivor. Survivors being pummeled are completely helpless and will be killed unless the Charger is killed. The Charger is also unique among the Special Infected in that, due to its hulking size, it cannot be shoved; only frag rounds and explosives can stumble a Charger. The Charger can cause almost as much damage with its standard melee attack while not charging.
Jockey - a small Infected with a hunchback that can "ride" a Survivor, hence the name. A Jockey can control a Survivor's movement while riding them, steering the Survivor into danger. A Survivor suffers damage as long as a Jockey rides them and is completely helpless unless the Jockey is shoved or killed.
Finally, there are two special "boss" infected characters that the AI Director includes at rare moments:
The Witch - an infected woman with glowing eyes and long clawed fingers. Witches are unique in that they are passive, preferring to be left alone to cry. However, if a Survivor "startles" her, either with their flashlight, by invading her space, or by damaging her, she will charge that Survivor and automatically incapacitate them. Once incapacitated, the Witch will viciously attack the downed Survivor until either they are killed or she is. If she kills the Survivor who initially disturbed her, then she will run away. On higher difficulty levels, a Witch can automatically kill a Survivor. She is not particularly durable, but she can run faster than Survivors, making it difficult to slay her before someone takes damage. She is the strongest and fastest infected on foot. However, she has the second most hit points, behind the Tank. She can be stunned by explosives and frag rounds.
The Tank - an enormous Infected with superhuman strength. The Tank can charge Survivors and smash them to the floor, or can throw debris, rocks, and cars at them, the latter resulting in instant incapacitation. Kiting is a valid tactic, but Survivors must do so for an extended period of time, a Tank on Normal difficulty has ten times the health of all the Survivors combined. In versus —modes, players may not control the Witch, and may only play as a Tank if the AI Director has already chosen to spawn one. He is the second strongest infected and has the highest number of hit points by far over all of the other infected. Due to his gargantuan size, the Tank can only be stumbled by exploding oxygen canisters or propane tanks.
See also
Back 4 Blood — a game made by Turtle Rock Studios, Included some developers that worked on Left 4 Dead.
The Walking Dead — a game made by Telltale Games was planned to be a Left 4 Dead spin-off early in development.
Payday 2, A game often compared to Left 4 Dead.
References
External links
Asymmetrical multiplayer video games
Valve Corporation franchises
Video game franchises
Video game franchises introduced in 2008 |
"Don't You Care" is a single by The Buckinghams from the album Time & Charges. The song spent 14 weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1967, reaching No. 6, while reaching No. 1 in the Philippines, and No. 4 on Canada's RPM 100. It was recorded in Columbia's 16-track New York Studios.
Chart performance
Weekly singles charts
Year-end charts
References
External links
1967 singles
1967 songs
The Buckinghams songs
Songs written by Gary Beisbier
Songs written by Jim Holvay
Song recordings produced by James William Guercio
Columbia Records singles |
Demetrio Madrid López (born 1 August 1936) is a Spanish politician and member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) who served as President of the Junta of Castile and León from May 1983 to November 1986.
References
1936 births
People from the Province of Zamora
Presidents of the Junta of Castile and León
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party politicians
Living people
Members of the 1st Cortes of Castile and León
Members of the 2nd Cortes of Castile and León
Members of the 3rd Cortes of Castile and León |
```javascript
Drawing with HTML5 `Canvas` API
Notifications API
Vibration API
Geolocation
Drag and Drop API
``` |
```shell
Interactively unstage changes
Specify a commit by its ancestry
Specify a range of commits using double dot syntax
Remember the results of previous hunk conflicts
Debug using binary search
``` |
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Siemens Vectrain is a family of push-pull or locomotive-hauled trains built by Siemens Mobility. The Vectrain consists of a Vectron locomotive and Viaggio Comfort coaches or other coaches certified by Siemens. The last coach can be a control car, which has a cabin identical to Vectron locomotives. The trains are mostly used for InterCity and EuroCity services.
Siemens developed its Siemens Vectrain based on the Railjet trains. České dráhy were the first to order Vectrain trains. The trains are in operation in the Czech Republic and will be operated in Austria, Denmark, Germany, Hungary and Slovakia.
Czech Republic
ComfortJet
In April 2021 České dráhy ordered 180 new express wagons from the Siemens Mobility and Škoda Transportation. 20 sets of 9 Siemens Viaggio Comfort cars with Siemens Vectron MS multi-system electric locomotive will have a maximum speed of 230 km/h. The units will operate on domestic and international connections between Prague and Berlin, Budapest, Bratislava, Copenhagen, Hamburg, Ostrava or Vienna.
InterJet
In July 2018 the České dráhy ordered 10 5-car trainsets from the Siemens Mobility and Škoda Transportation consortium. The units operate on domestic lines between Prague and Cheb via Pilsen or Ústí nad Labem. These units have decreased maximum speed of 200 km/h (124 mph) as they do not feature the control car as part of the car formation. They are branded as InterJet. The commercial service started on 12 December 2021.
References
Rolling stock of the Czech Republic
Passenger trains running at least at 200 km/h in commercial operations
Siemens rolling stock
České dráhy |
Brent MacNab (January 15, 1931 – July 1, 2020) was a Canadian professional hockey player who played for the St. Louis Flyers, Syracuse Warriors and Springfield Indians in the American Hockey League. He also played for the Vancouver Canucks in the Western Hockey League, and the Springfield Indians, Chicoutimi Sagueneens, and Quebec Aces in the Quebec Hockey League.
External links
Tribute Archive
1931 births
2020 deaths
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Chicoutimi Saguenéens (QSHL) players
Ice hockey people from Alberta
People from the County of Vermilion River
Quebec Aces (QSHL) players
St. Louis Flyers players
Syracuse Warriors players
Springfield Indians players
Vancouver Canucks (WHL) players |
Mohammad Nazmul Hossain (born 5 October 1987) is a Bangladeshi cricketer. He was born in Habiganj, Bangladesh.
Nazmul Hossain was part of the 13-man Bangladesh squad that played in the 2010 Asian Games in late November. They played against Afghanistan in the final and won by five wickets, securing the country's first gold medal at the Asian Games.
References
External links
1987 births
Living people
Bangladeshi cricketers
Bangladesh Test cricketers
Bangladesh One Day International cricketers
Bangladesh Twenty20 International cricketers
Sylhet Division cricketers
Cricketers at the 2010 Asian Games
Asian Games gold medalists for Bangladesh
Cricketers at the 2011 Cricket World Cup
Asian Games medalists in cricket
Sylhet Strikers cricketers
Dhaka Dominators cricketers
Legends of Rupganj cricketers
Old DOHS Sports Club cricketers
Abahani Limited cricketers
Gazi Tank cricketers
Prime Doleshwar Sporting Club cricketers
Bangladesh North Zone cricketers
Bangladesh East Zone cricketers
Bangladesh South Zone cricketers
Rajshahi Division cricketers
Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games
People from Habiganj District
20th-century Bengalis
21st-century Bengalis
Cricketers from Sylhet Division |
The Kindaruma Hydroelectric Power Station, also Kindaruma Dam is an embankment dam with two gravity dam sections on the Tana River in Kenya. It straddles the border of Embu and Machakos counties in Kenya. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power generation and it supports a power station. It is Kenya's first post-independence hydroelectric power plant. It was commissioned in 1968 as part of the Seven Forks Scheme. The power station is operated by Kenya Electricity Generating Company.
Between 2007 and 2013 the power station underwent a rehabilitation and upgrade which increased its installed capacity from 40 MW to 72 MW. In June 2012 a third Kaplan turbine-generator, rated at 24 MW, was commissioned. In January and June 2013, the original two 20 MW Kaplan turbine-generators were upgraded to 24 MW each.
See also
Gitaru Dam – upstream
Kiambere Dam – downstream
List of power stations in Kenya
List of hydropower stations in Africa
References
Energy infrastructure completed in 1968
Hydroelectric power stations in Kenya
Dams on the Tana River (Kenya)
Dams in Kenya
Dams completed in 1968
Machakos County
Embu County
Embankment dams
Gravity dams |
(King of Heaven, welcome), 182, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed it in Weimar for Palm Sunday, and first performed it on 25 March 1714, which was also the feast of the Annunciation that year.
History and words
In Weimar, Bach was the court organist of Johann Ernst von Sachsen-Weimar. On 2 March 1714, he was promoted to , an honour which included a monthly performance of a church cantata in the . According to Bach scholar Alfred Dürr, this cantata is Bach's first cantata in a series which was meant to cover all Sundays within four years. However, Widerstehe doch der Sünde, BWV 54 has also been proposed as the first.
In any event, BWV 182 preceded .
Bach composed the cantata for the Marian feast of the Annunciation, always celebrated on 25 March, which fell on Palm Sunday in 1714. Other than in Leipzig, where tempus clausum was observed during Lent and no cantatas were permitted, Bach could perform in Weimar a cantata especially meant for the entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. The prescribed readings for the day were from the Epistle to the Philippians, "everyone be in the spirit of Christ" (), or from the First Epistle to the Corinthians, "of the Last Supper" (), and from the Gospel of Matthew, the entry into Jerusalem ().
The poetry was written by the court poet Salomon Franck, although the work is not found in his printed editions. Bach's biographer Philipp Spitta concluded this from stylistic comparison and observing a lack of recitatives between arias. The poetry derives from the entry into Jerusalem a similar entry into the heart of the believer, who should prepare himself and will be given heavenly joy in return. The language intensifies the mystical aspects: (King of Heaven), "" (You have taken our hearts from us), "" (Lay yourselves beneath the Savior). The chorale in movement 7 is the final stanza 33 of Paul Stockmann's hymn for Passiontide "Jesu Leiden, Pein und Tod" (1633).
A da capo sign after the last aria in some parts suggests that originally the cantata was meant to be concluded by a repeat of the opening chorus.
Bach first performed it in the Schlosskirche on Palm Sunday, 25 March 1714. As Bach could not perform the cantata in Leipzig on Palm Sunday, he used it on the feast of the Annunciation on 25 March 1724, which had coincided with Palm Sunday for the first performance as well. He performed it in Leipzig two more times.
Structure and scoring
The cantata in eight movements is scored for alto, tenor, and bass soloists, a four-part choir, recorder, two violins, two violas and basso continuo.
Sonata
Chorus:
Recitative (bass):
Aria (bass):
Aria (alto):
Aria (tenor):
Chorale:
Chorus:
Music
The cantata is intimately scored to match the church building. An instrumental Sonata in the rhythm of a French Overture depicts the arrival of the King. (In his cantata , for Advent that same year on the same reading, Bach went further and set a chorus in the form of such an overture). The recorder and a solo violin are accompanied by pizzicato in the divided violas and the continuo. The first chorus is in da capo form, beginning with a fugue, which leads to a homophonic conclusion. The middle section contains two similar canonic developments.
The following biblical quotation is set as the only recitative of the cantata. It is given to the bass as the vox Christi (voice of Christ) and expands to an arioso. The instrumentation of the three arias turns from the crowd in the Biblical scene to the individual believer, the first accompanied by violin and divided violas, the second by a lone recorder, the last only by the continuo.
The chorale is arranged as a chorale fantasia in the manner of Pachelbel; every line is first prepared in the lower voices, then the soprano sings the cantus firmus, while the other voices interpret the words, for example by fast movement on "" (joy). The closing chorus is, according to conductor John Eliot Gardiner, "a sprightly choral dance that could have stepped straight out of a comic opera of the period".
Recordings
Les Grandes Cantates de J. S. Bach Vol. 9, Fritz Werner, Heinrich-Schütz-Chor Heilbronn, Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra, Claudia Hellmann, Helmut Krebs, Erich Wenk, Erato 1961
J. S. Bach: Kantaten 106 · 182, Jürgen Jürgens, Monteverdi-Chor Hamburg, Leonhardt Consort, Julia Falk, Bert van t'Hoff, Jacques Villisech, Telefunken 1963
Bach Cantatas Vol. 2 – Easter, Karl Richter, Münchener Bach-Chor, Münchener Bach-Orchester, Alto: Anna Reynolds, Peter Schreier, Theo Adam, Archiv Produktion 1975
Die Bach Kantate Vol. 29, Helmuth Rilling, Gächinger Kantorei, Bach-Collegium Stuttgart, Doris Soffel, Aldo Baldin, Philippe Huttenlocher, Hänssler 1975
J. S. Bach: Das Kantatenwerk – Sacred Cantatas Vol. 9, Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Tölzer Knabenchor, Concentus Musicus Wien, Paul Esswood, Kurt Equiluz, Robert Holl, Teldec 1988
J. S. Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 2, Ton Koopman, Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir, Kai Wessel, Christoph Prégardien, Klaus Mertens, Antoine Marchand 1995
J. S. Bach: Christ lag in Todesbanden; Lobet den Herrn; Himmelskönig sei willkommen, Philippe Pierlot, Choeur de Chambre de Namur, Ricercar Consort, Steve Dugardin, Ian Honeyman, Max van Egmond, Ricercar 1995
Cantata BWV 182, Masaaki Suzuki, Bach Collegium Japan, Yoshikazu Mera, Makoto Sakurada, Peter Kooy, BIS 1996
Bach Cantatas Vol. 21: Cambridge/Walpole St Peter, John Eliot Gardiner, Monteverdi Choir, English Baroque Soloists, Nathalie Stutzmann, James Gilchrist, Peter Harvey, Soli Deo Gloria 2000
References
Sources
Himmelskönig, sei willkommen BWV 182; BC A 53 / A 172 / Sacred cantata (Palm Sunday) Bach Digital
Cantata BWV 182 Himmelskönig, sei willkommen: history, scoring, sources for text and music, translations to various languages, discography, discussion, Bach Cantatas Website
BWV 182 Himmelskönig, sei willkommen: English translation, University of Vermont
BWV 182 Himmelskönig, sei willkommen: text, scoring, University of Alberta
Church cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach
1714 compositions
Music for the Holy Week |
```objective-c
// Compress/PPM/PPMDDecoder.h
#ifndef __COMPRESS_PPMD_DECODER_H
#define __COMPRESS_PPMD_DECODER_H
#include "../../../Common/MyCom.h"
#include "../../ICoder.h"
#include "../../Common/OutBuffer.h"
#include "../RangeCoder/RangeCoder.h"
#include "PPMDDecode.h"
namespace NCompress {
namespace NPPMD {
class CDecoder :
public ICompressCoder,
public ICompressSetDecoderProperties2,
#ifndef NO_READ_FROM_CODER
public ICompressSetInStream,
public ICompressSetOutStreamSize,
public ISequentialInStream,
#endif
public CMyUnknownImp
{
CRangeDecoder _rangeDecoder;
COutBuffer _outStream;
CDecodeInfo _info;
Byte _order;
UInt32 _usedMemorySize;
int _remainLen;
UInt64 _outSize;
bool _outSizeDefined;
UInt64 _processedSize;
HRESULT CodeSpec(UInt32 num, Byte *memStream);
public:
#ifndef NO_READ_FROM_CODER
MY_UNKNOWN_IMP4(
ICompressSetDecoderProperties2,
ICompressSetInStream,
ICompressSetOutStreamSize,
ISequentialInStream)
#else
MY_UNKNOWN_IMP1(
ICompressSetDecoderProperties2)
#endif
void ReleaseStreams()
{
ReleaseInStream();
_outStream.ReleaseStream();
}
HRESULT Flush() { return _outStream.Flush(); }
STDMETHOD(CodeReal)(ISequentialInStream *inStream,
ISequentialOutStream *outStream,
const UInt64 *inSize, const UInt64 *outSize,
ICompressProgressInfo *progress);
STDMETHOD(Code)(ISequentialInStream *inStream,
ISequentialOutStream *outStream, const UInt64 *inSize, const UInt64 *outSize,
ICompressProgressInfo *progress);
STDMETHOD(SetDecoderProperties2)(const Byte *data, UInt32 size);
STDMETHOD(SetInStream)(ISequentialInStream *inStream);
STDMETHOD(ReleaseInStream)();
STDMETHOD(SetOutStreamSize)(const UInt64 *outSize);
#ifndef NO_READ_FROM_CODER
STDMETHOD(Read)(void *data, UInt32 size, UInt32 *processedSize);
#endif
CDecoder(): _outSizeDefined(false) {}
};
}}
#endif
``` |
El Jefe (f. La Jefa) is a Spanish term meaning "the chief" or "the boss". It may refer to:
People
"El Jefe", a less-common nickname for former Cuban President Fidel Castro (deriving from his title as Comandante en Jefe or "Commander-in-Chief" of Cuban Armed Forces)
El Hefe (born 1965), guitar player for the punk band NOFX, who derives his nickname from El Jefe
Rafael Trujillo (1891–1961), former of the Dominican Republic, nicknamed "El Jefe"
Stéphane Konaté (born 1980), Ivorian basketball player nicknamed "El Jefe"
Other
El Jefe (jaguar), a wild jaguars that was reported in the United States
"El Jefe" (song), a song by Shakira and Fuerza Regida
"Jefe", a song by Daddy Yankee from the 2007 album El Cartel: The Big Boss |
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Valencia County, New Mexico.
This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Valencia County, New Mexico, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.
There are 12 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county. All of the places within the county listed on the National Register are also recorded on the State Register of Cultural Properties.
Current listings
|}
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in New Mexico
National Register of Historic Places listings in New Mexico
References
Valencia |
Mathilde Laurent is a French perfumer. After studying perfumery at ISIPCA in Versailles, Laurent began her career as an apprentice to Jean-Paul Guerlain. She went on to work at Guerlain for 11 years. Since 2006, she has been the in-house perfumer for Cartier, creating perfumes like Baiser Volé.
Early life
Born to a family of artists, Laurent grew up in the Montparnasse neighborhood of Paris, near the railroad tracks. She earned a degree (DEUG) in chemistry and physics, then attended the Institut supérieur international du parfum, de la cosmétique et de l'aromatique alimentaire (ISIPCA) in Versailles, encouraged by a family friend who'd heard about the school on the news and immediately thought of Laurent's habit of "encountering the world nose first, whether to describe a plate of food or the atmosphere of a new house".
Career
Guerlain
At a school event, Laurent approached Jean-Paul Guerlain, then the head perfumer of the Guerlain family succession of perfumers, and asked him for an internship. Guerlain replied, "Why not?" and so Laurent began her career in the early 1990s working alongside Guerlain. After her three-month internship, she was offered a permanent position at the house, and ultimately stayed with the company for the next 11 years. Her perfumes for Guerlain include Herba Fresca, inspired by early mornings walking barefoot in her grandfather's garden.
Cartier
Laurent joined Cartier in 2005.
In 2006, Laurent created Cartier's fragrance Baiser Voler, and launched L'Heure vertueuse in 2012.
In her 2015 Cartier work L'Heure perdue, Laurent used exclusively lab-created molecules, seeking to "shatter the idea that the result had to be hard, abstract, aggressive." Writing in Le Monde, Claire Dhouailly described the creation as just the opposite of this stereotype of synthetic ingredients, a fragrance that instead felt "soft, caressing, almost maternal."
In 2016, she created Cartier L'Envol, the scent used in the 2017 installation "OSNI 1- Le Nuage Parfumé" ("Unidentified Fragrant Object 1- the Perfumed Cloud") at Foire Internationale d’Art Contemporain (FIAC).
Also in 2016, Laurent launched a line of oud fragrances for Cartier called Les Heures voyageuses. The collection has six fragrances, including Oud & Santal, Oud & Musc, Oud & Oud, and Oud Radieux.
Other activities
With Jean-Claude Ellena and Sylvaine Delacourte, Laurent is one of 16 perfumery experts who oversee the Grand Musée du Parfum in Paris.
References
Living people
French perfumers
Businesspeople from Paris
Year of birth missing (living people) |
```cmake
# Find the ROCTX library
#
# Input to the module:
# ROCTRACER_ROOT_DIR - The root directory containing ROCTracer
#
# Output of the module:
# ROCTX_INCLUDE_DIR - include directory for roctx.h
# ROC::ROCTX - Imported library target for the ROCTX library
# Extensions
if(UNIX)
set(LIB_PREFIX "lib")
set(LIB_EXT ".a")
set(DLL_EXT ".so")
if(APPLE)
set(DLL_EXT ".dylib")
endif()
set(LINK_PREFIX "-l")
set(LINK_SUFFIX "")
else()
set(LIB_PREFIX "")
set(LIB_EXT ".lib")
set(DLL_EXT "_dll.lib")
set(LINK_PREFIX "")
set(LINK_SUFFIX ".lib")
endif()
find_path(ROCTX_INCLUDE_DIR roctx.h
PATHS
/usr/include
/usr/local/include
/opt/rocm/include
${ROCTRACER_ROOT_DIR}/include
PATH_SUFFIXES
roctracer)
if(ROCTX_INCLUDE_DIR)
message(STATUS "Found roctx header ${ROCTX_INCLUDE_DIR}/roctx.h")
else()
message(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to find roctx.h")
endif()
find_library(roctx_lib
NAMES
${LIB_PREFIX}roctx64${DLL_EXT}
PATHS
/usr/lib
/opt/rocm/lib
${ROCTRACER_ROOT_DIR}/lib/)
if(roctx_lib)
message(STATUS "Found roctx shared library ${roctx_lib}")
add_library(ROC::ROCTX SHARED IMPORTED)
set_target_properties(ROC::ROCTX PROPERTIES
IMPORTED_LINK_INTERFACE_LANGUAGES "C"
IMPORTED_LOCATION ${roctx_lib})
else()
message(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to locate roctx library")
endif()
target_include_directories(ROC::ROCTX
INTERFACE
${ROCTX_INCLUDE_DIR})
``` |
Hall of Fame: A Tribute to Bob Marley's 50th Anniversary is an album by Bunny Wailer, released through RAS Records in November 1995. In 1997, the album won Wailer the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album.
In his review for AllMusic, Bret Love says "this a great set for reggae collectors."
Track listing
All songs by Bob Marley and Bunny Wailer, unless noted otherwise.
Disc 1
"Profile" – 0:40
"Roots" – 4:02
"Chant Down Babylon" – 3:21
"Forever Loving Jah" – 4:00
"Three Little Birds" – 3:25
"Trench Town" – 3:24
"Rastaman Vibration (PositiveVibration)" – 3:08
"Roots, Rock, Reggae" – 3:24
"Johnny Was a Good Man (Johnny Was)" – 3:02
"Want More" – 3:01
"No More Trouble" (Marley) – 3:19
"Africa Unite" – 2:20
"One Drop" – 3:27
"Ambush" – 2:43
"Wake up and Live" (Davis, Marley) – 3:32
"Can't Stop Them Now (Real Situation)" – 2:39
"Bad Card" – 3:13
"Mi and Dem (We and Them)" – 2:51
"Work" – 2:51
"Rasta Dread (Natty Dread)" – 3:46
"Bend Down Low" (Marley) – 3:22
"Talking Blues" – 3:43
"Blackman Redemption" (Marley, Perry) – 3:10
"Sun Is Shining" – 3:15
"Man to Man (Who the Cap Fit)" – 3:27
Disc 2
"Stiff Neck Fool" – 3:16
"Pimper's Paradise" – 2:26
"Jump Nyahbinghi" – 3:07
"Mix Up" – 3:11
"Give Thanks and Praise" – 2:51
"Trouble in the World (So Much Trouble)" – 3:05
"Zion Train" – 3:14
"Rastaman Rides Again (Ride Natty Ride)" – 2:47
"Judge Not" – 2:40
"Fancy Curls" – 2:32
"Zimbabwe" (Marley) – 3:14
"Winnepress (Babylon System)" – 3:06
"Rat Race" – 2:48
"Revolution" – 2:18
"Top Rankin'" – 2:20
"Rainbow Country" – 3:22
"Simmer Down" – 3:02
"Running Away" – 3:05
"Guiltness" – 2:55
"Craven Choke Puppy" – 2:32
"Natural Mystic" – 2:41
"So Much Things to Say" – 2:39
"Survivors (Survival)" – 1:52
"One Love" – 2:49
"Lively Up Yourself" – 4:06
"Small Axe" – 3:40
"Final Statement" – 2:59
Personnel
Carl Ayton – drums, percussion
Barrington Bailey – horn, keyboards
Aston Barrett – bass
Christopher Birch – keyboards
Winston Bowen – guitar
Lloyd Denton – keyboards
Sly Dunbar – drums, percussion
Bobby Ellis – horn
Michael Fletcher – bass
Everton Gayle – horn
Flabba Holt – bass
Hugh Malcolm – drums
Junior Marvin – guitar
Johnny "Dizzy" Moore – horn
Dwight Pinkney – guitar
Owen Reid – guitar
Mikey "Boo" Richards – drums
Style Scott – drums
Robbie Shakespeare – bass
Roger Steffens – liner notes
Keith Sterling – keyboards, percussion
Danny Thompson – bass
Bunny Wailer – arranger, director, keyboards, percussion, producer, vocals, backing vocals
Mallory Williams – keyboards
Lloyd "Gitsy" Willis – guitar
References
1995 albums
Bob Marley tribute albums
Bunny Wailer albums
Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album |
Curtis Earl Boozman Sr. (July 24, 1898 – April 22, 1979) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Louisiana House of Representatives.
Boozman served in the national guard at the Mexican border from 1916. In 1952, Boozman was elected to the Louisiana House of Representatives. He left office in 1956, but returned for a second term from 1960 to 1964. He was given the M. C. Gehr Blue Cap Award by the American Legion.
Boozman died in April 1979 at the Natchitoches Parish Hospital in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, at the age of 80.
References
1898 births
1979 deaths
Politicians from Natchitoches, Louisiana
United States Army soldiers
American military personnel of World War I
Democratic Party members of the Louisiana House of Representatives
20th-century American politicians |
```xml
import onetime from 'onetime';
import features from '../feature-manager.js';
import {linkifiedURLClass, shortenLink} from '../github-helpers/dom-formatters.js';
import observe from '../helpers/selector-observer.js';
/* This feature is currently so broad that it's not de-inited via signal, it's just run once for all pageloads #5889 */
function init(): void {
observe(`.comment-body a[href]:not(.${linkifiedURLClass})`, shortenLink);
}
void features.add(import.meta.url, {
init: onetime(init),
});
/*
## Test URLs
path_to_url
path_to_url
*/
``` |
```javascript
import yaml from 'yaml';
export default {
hooks: {
parsers: {
'yaml-parser': {
// A custom parser will only run against filenames that match the pattern
// This pattern will match any file with the .yaml extension.
// This allows you to mix different types of files in your token source
pattern: /\.yaml$/,
// the parse function takes a single argument, which is an object with
// 2 attributes: contents which is a string of the file contents, and
// filePath which is the path of the file.
// The function is expected to return a plain object.
parser: ({ contents }) => yaml.parse(contents),
},
},
},
parsers: ['yaml-parser'],
source: [`tokens/**/*.yaml`],
platforms: {
css: {
transformGroup: 'css',
buildPath: 'build/',
files: [
{
destination: 'variables.css',
format: 'css/variables',
},
],
},
},
};
``` |
Malta–Slovakia relations are foreign relations between Malta and the Slovakia. Malta is represented in Slovakia through a non resident ambassador based in Valletta (in the Foreign Ministry). Slovakia is represented in Malta through its embassy in Rome (Italy) and an honorary consulate in Valletta. Both countries are full members of the European Union, Council of Europe, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and both are fully within the Eurozone.
History
Malta backed the Slovak Republic to join the eurozone. In 2000, Maltese Prime Minister Edward Fenech Adami also told Slovak President Rudolf Schuster in Bratislava that Malta supported Slovakia in its efforts to join NATO and the European Union. Since both countries' entries to the European Union, officials have also made efforts to strengthen relations based on tourism.
Bilateral agreements
As of 2008, Slovakia and Malta had six bilateral agreements spelling out cooperation in the avoidance of double taxation, air services, health care, combating crime, visa abolition, and investment.
In September 2009, Malta and Slovakia signed a memorandum of understanding setting the framework within which authorities from the two countries will identify, screen and facilitate the process of adoption of Slovak children by couples in Malta.
Official visits
In 2001 Slovak prime minister Mikuláš Dzurinda visited Malta at the invitation of Maltese premier Edward Fenech Adami, and negotiated the integration of both countries into the European Union and the economic cooperation between Malta and Slovakia. Also in 2001, President of Malta Guido de Marco made a two-day official visit to Slovakia and met with Slovak President Rudolf Schuster. They agreed to widen cooperation in food and wood processing industries along with tourism. In 2008 Slovak agency SARIA signed with Malta Enterprise a treaty of reciprocal assistance related to third world countries. Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico visited Maltese capital Valletta in 2008.
Slovak Deputy Prime Minister Dusan Caplovic visited Malta in October 2008 and had a meeting with Foreign Minister Tonio Borg. Dr. Borg described Maltese/Slovak relations as excellent. The Foreign Ministers discussed EU matters, notably the Lisbon Treaty, bilateral relations, illegal immigration, climate change and energy security issues.
Dr. Borg and the Foreign Affairs Minister of the Slovak Republic, Miroslav Lajcak, met in October 2009. Dr. Borg said that Slovakia is committed to help Malta to share its burden on illegal immigration and the Slovak Government announced that it will be taking a number of illegal immigrants from Malta.
See also
Foreign relations of Malta
Foreign relations of Slovakia
2004 enlargement of the European Union
References
External links
Maltese representations in Slovakia
Slovak representations in Malta
Slovak honorary consulate in Valletta
Slovakia
Bilateral relations of Slovakia |
Black power is a political slogan and a name which is given to various associated ideologies which aim to achieve self-determination for black people.
It is primarily, but not exclusively, used by black people activists and proponents of what the slogan entails in the United States. The black power movement was prominent in the late 1960s and early 1970s, emphasizing racial pride and the creation of black political and cultural institutions to nurture, promote and advance what was seen by proponents of the movement as being the collective interests and values of black Americans.
The basis of black power is various ideologies that aim at achieving self-determination for black people in the U.S., dictating that black Americans create their own identities despite being subjected to pre-existing societal factors. "Black power" in its original political sense expresses a range of political goals, from militant self-defense against racial oppression to the establishment of social institutions and a self-sufficient economy, including black-owned bookstores, cooperatives, farms, and media. However, the movement has been criticized for alienating itself from the mainstream civil rights movement, and its support of black separatism.
Etymology
The earliest known usage of the term "black power" is found in Richard Wright's 1954 book Black Power. New York politician Adam Clayton Powell Jr. used the term on May 29, 1966, during an address at Howard University: "To demand these God-given rights is to seek black power."
The first popular use of the term "black power" as a political and racial slogan was by Stokely Carmichael (later known as Kwame Ture) and Willie Ricks (later known as Mukasa Dada), both organizers and spokespersons for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). On June 16, 1966, in a speech in Greenwood, Mississippi, after the shooting of James Meredith during the March Against Fear, Stokely Carmichael said:
This is the twenty-seventh time I have been arrested and I ain't going to jail no more! The only way we gonna stop them white men from whuppin' us is to take over. What we gonna start sayin' now is Black Power!
Stokely Carmichael saw the concept of "black power" as a means of solidarity between individuals within the movement. It was a replacement of the "Freedom Now!" slogan of Carmichael's contemporary, the non-violence leader Martin Luther King Jr. With his use of the term, Carmichael felt this movement was not just a movement for racial desegregation, but rather a movement to help end how American racism had weakened black people. He said, Black Power' means black people coming together to form a political force and either electing representatives or forcing their representatives to speak their needs." Carmichael and Charles V. Hamilton explain the term "black power" in their 1967 book "Black Power: The Politics of Liberation": "It is a call for black people in this country to unite, to recognize their heritage, to build a sense of community. It is a call for black people to define their own goals, to lead their own organizations."
Variants
Black power adherents believed in black autonomy, with a variety of tendencies such as black nationalism, black self-determination, and black separatism. Such positions caused friction with leaders of the mainstream Civil Rights Movement, and thus the two movements have sometimes been viewed as inherently antagonistic. Civil Rights leaders often proposed passive, non-violent tactics while the black power movement felt that, in the words of Stokely Carmichael and Charles V. Hamilton, "a 'non-violent' approach to civil rights is an approach black people cannot afford and a luxury white people do not deserve." However, many groups and individuals—including Rosa Parks, Robert F. Williams, Maya Angelou, Gloria Richardson, and Fay Bellamy Powell—participated in both civil rights and black power activism. A growing number of scholars conceive of the civil rights and black power movements as one interconnected Black Freedom Movement.
Numerous black power advocates were in favor of black self-determination due to the belief that black people must lead and run their own organizations. Stokely Carmichael is such an advocate and states that, "only black people can convey the revolutionary idea—and it is a revolutionary idea—that black people are able to do things themselves." However, this is not to say that black power advocates promoted racial segregation. Stokely Carmichael and Charles V. Hamilton write that "there is a definite, much-needed role that whites can play." They felt that whites could serve the movement by educating other white people.
Not all black power advocates were in favor of black separatism. While Stokely Carmichael and SNCC were in favor of separatism for a time in the late 1960s, organizations such as the Black Panther Party were not. Though the Panthers considered themselves to be at war with the prevailing white supremacist power structure, they were not at war with all whites, but rather with those (mostly white) individuals empowered by the injustices of the structure and responsible for its reproduction.
Bobby Seale, Chairman and Co-Founder of the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, was outspoken about this issue. His stance was that the oppression of black people was a result of economic exploitation. In his book Seize the Time, he states that "In our view it is a class struggle between the massive proletarian working class and the small, minority ruling class. Working-class people of all colors must unite against the exploitative, oppressive ruling class. So let me emphasize again—we believe our fight is a class struggle and not a race struggle." For Seale, the African-American struggle was not solely a struggle for black supremacy. In 1970, this contention fulfilled aims similar to those of the languishing Poor People's Campaign, as well as Jesse Jackson's Resurrection City and his later Rainbow/PUSH, the latter a counter to Hamptonian iterations of Rainbow Coalitions.
Internationalist offshoots of black power include African internationalism, pan-Africanism, black nationalism, and black supremacy.
History
The term "black power" was used in a different sense in the 1850s by black leader Frederick Douglass as an alternative name for the Slave Power—that is the disproportionate political power at the national level held by slave owners in the South. Douglass predicted: "The days of Black Power are numbered. Its course, indeed is onward. But with the swiftness of an arrow, it rushes to the tomb. While crushing its millions, it is also crushing itself. The sword of Retribution, suspended by a single hair, hangs over it. That sword must fall. Liberty must triumph."
In Apartheid Era South Africa, Nelson Mandela's African National Congress used the call-and-response chant "Amandla! (Power!)", "Ngawethu! (The power is ours!)" from the late 1950s onward.
The modern American concept emerged from the Civil Rights Movement in the early 1960s. Beginning in 1959, Robert F. Willams, president of the Monroe, North Carolina chapter of the NAACP, openly questioned the ideology of nonviolence and its domination of the movement's strategy. Williams was supported by prominent leaders such as Ella Baker and James Forman, and opposed by others, such as Roy Wilkins (the national NAACP chairman) and Martin Luther King Jr. In 1961, Maya Angelou, Leroi Jones, and Mae Mallory led a riotous (and widely covered) demonstration at the United Nations in order to protest against the assassination of Patrice Lumumba. Malcolm X, national representative of the Nation of Islam, also launched an extended critique of nonviolence and integrationism at this time. After seeing the increasing militancy of blacks in the wake of the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing, and wearying of Elijah Muhammad's domination of the Nation of Islam, Malcolm left that organization and engaged with the mainstream of the Civil Rights Movement. Malcolm was now open to voluntary racial integration as a long-term goal, but he still supported armed self-defense, self-reliance, and black nationalism; he became a simultaneous spokesman for the militant wing of the Civil Rights Movement and the non-separatist wing of the black power movement.
An early manifestation of black power in popular culture was the performances given by Nina Simone at Carnegie Hall in March 1964, and the album In Concert which resulted from them. Nina Simone mocked liberal nonviolence ("Go Limp"), and took a vengeful position toward white racists ("Mississippi Goddamn" and her adaptation of "Pirate Jenny"). Historian Ruth Feldstein writes that, "Contrary to the neat historical trajectories which suggest that black power came late in the decade and only after the 'successes' of earlier efforts, Simone's album makes clear that black power perspectives were already taking shape and circulating widely...in the early 1960s."
By 1966, most of SNCC's field staff, among them Stokely Carmichael (later Kwame Ture), were becoming critical of the nonviolent approach to confronting racism and inequality—articulated and promoted by Martin Luther King Jr., Roy Wilkins, and other moderates—and they rejected desegregation as a primary objective. King was critical of the black power movement, stating in an August 1967 speech to the SCLC: "Let us be dissatisfied until that day when nobody will shout 'White Power!' — when nobody will shout 'Black Power!' — but everybody will talk about God's power and human power." In his 1967 book, Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?, King stated:
SNCC's base of support was generally younger and more working-class than that of the other "Big Five" civil rights organizations and became increasingly more militant and outspoken over time. As a result, as the Civil Rights Movement progressed, increasingly radical, more militant voices came to the fore to aggressively challenge white hegemony. Increasing numbers of black youth, particularly, rejected their elders' moderate path of cooperation, racial integration and assimilation. They rejected the notion of appealing to the public's conscience and religious creeds and took the tack articulated by another black activist more than a century before, abolitionist Frederick Douglass, who wrote:
Those who profess to favor freedom, and yet depreciate agitation, are men who want crops without plowing up the ground. They want rain without thunder and lightning. They want the ocean without the awful roar of its many waters. ... Power concedes nothing without demand. It never did and it never will.
Most early 1960s civil rights leaders did not believe in physically violent retaliation. However, much of the African-American rank-and-file, especially those leaders with strong working-class ties, tended to complement nonviolent action with armed self-defense. For instance, prominent nonviolent activist Fred Shuttlesworth of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (and a leader of the 1963 Birmingham campaign), had worked closely with an armed defense group that was led by Colonel Stone Johnson. As Alabama historian Frye Gaillard writes,
...these were the kind of men Fred Shuttlesworth admired, a mirror of the toughness he aspired to himself…They went armed [during the Freedom Rides], for it was one of the realities of the civil rights movement that however nonviolent it may have been at its heart, there was always a current of 'any means necessary,' as the black power advocates would say later on.
During the March Against Fear, there was a division between those aligned with Martin Luther King Jr. and those aligned with Carmichael, marked by their respective slogans, "Freedom Now" and "Black Power".
While King never endorsed the slogan, and in fact opposed the black power movement, his rhetoric sometimes came close to it. In his 1967 book Where Do We Go From Here?, King wrote that "power is not the white man's birthright; it will not be legislated for us and delivered in neat government packages."
"Crisis and Commitment Statement"
The "Crisis and Commitment Statement" was a full-page ad taken out in the New York Times on October 14, 1966. The ad was written and signed onto by Civil Rights leaders, condemning the "extreme" measures used by groups such as the black power movement, while reaffirming the basic tenets of the Civil Rights Movement. The statement was signed by Dorothy Height, A. Philip Randolph, Bayard Rustin, Roy Wilkins, Whitney Young, Amos T. Hall, and Hobson R. Reynolds.
Impact
Although the concept remained imprecise and contested and the people who used the slogan ranged from business people who used it to push black capitalism to revolutionaries who sought an end to capitalism, the idea of black power exerted a significant influence. It helped organize scores of community self-help groups and institutions that did not depend on white people, encouraged colleges and universities to start black studies programs, mobilized black voters, and improved racial pride and self-esteem.
One of the most well-known and unexpected demonstrations for black power occurred at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. At the conclusion of the 200m race, at the medal ceremony, United States gold medalist Tommie Smith and bronze medalist John Carlos wore Olympic Project for Human Rights badges and showed the raised fist (see 1968 Olympics Black Power salute) as the anthem played. Accompanying them was silver medalist Peter Norman, a white Australian sprinter, who also wore an OPHR badge to show his support for the two African Americans.
Black politics
Though the black power movement did not remedy the political problems faced by African Americans in the 1960s and 1970s, the movement did contribute to the development of black politics both directly and indirectly. As a contemporary of and successor to the Civil Rights Movement, the black power movement created, what sociologist Herbert H. Haines refers to as a "positive radical flank effect" on political affairs of the 1960s. Though the nature of the relationship between the Civil Rights Movement and the black power movement is contested, Haines' study of the relationship between black radicals and the mainstream civil rights movement indicates that black power generated a "crisis in American institutions which made the legislative agenda of 'polite, realistic, and businesslike' mainstream organizations" more appealing to politicians. In this way, it can be argued that the more strident and oppositional messages of the black power movement indirectly enhanced the bargaining position of more moderate activists.
black power activists approached politics with vitality, variety, wit, and creativity that shaped the way future generations approached dealing with America's societal problems (McCartney 188). These activists capitalized on the nation's recent awareness of the political nature of oppression, a primary focus of the Civil Rights Movement, developing numerous political action caucuses and grass roots community associations to remedy the situation.
The National Black Political Convention, held March 10–12, 1972, was a significant milestone in black politics of the black power era. Held in Gary, Indiana, a city with a significant black population, the convention included a diverse group of black activists, although it completely excluded whites. The convention was criticized for its racial exclusivity by Roy Wilkins of the NAACP, a group that supported integration. The delegates created a National Black Political Agenda with stated goals including the election of a proportionate number of black representatives to Congress, community control of schools, national health insurance, etc. Though the convention did not result in any direct policy, the convention advanced goals of the black power movement and left participants buoyed by a spirit of possibility and themes of unity and self-determination. A concluding note to the convention, addressing its supposed idealism, read: "At every critical moment of our struggle in America we have had to press relentlessly against the limits of the 'realistic' to create new realities for the life of our people. This is our challenge at Gary and beyond, for a new Black politics demands new vision, new hope and new definitions of the possible. Our time has come. These things are necessary. All things are possible." Though such political activism may not have resulted in direct policy, they provided political models for later movements, advanced a pro-black political agenda, and brought sensitive issues to the forefront of American politics. In its confrontational and often oppositional nature, the black power movement started a debate within the black community and America as a nation over issues of racial progress, citizenship, and democracy, namely "the nature of American society and the place of the African American in it." The continued intensity of debate over these same social and political issues is a tribute to the impact of the black power movement in arousing the political awareness and passions of citizens.
Some have compared the modern movement Black Lives Matter to the black power movement, noting its similarities. The Movement for Black Lives openly promotes black power.
Other minorities
Though the aims of the black power movement were racially specific, much of the movement's impact has been its influence on the development and strategies of later political and social movements. By igniting and sustaining debate on the nature of American society, the black power movement created what other multiracial and minority groups interpreted to be a viable template for the overall restructuring of society. By opening up discussion on issues of democracy and equality, the black power movement paved the way for a diverse plurality of social justice movements, including black feminism, environmental movements, affirmative action, and gay and lesbian rights. Central to these movements were the issues of identity politics and structural inequality, features emerging from the black power movement. Because the black power movement emphasized and explored a black identity, movement activists were forced to confront issues of gender and class as well. Many activists in the black power movement became active in related movements. This is seen in the case of the "second wave" of women's rights activism, a movement supported and orchestrated to a certain degree by women working from within the coalition ranks of the black power movement. The boundaries between social movements became increasingly unclear at the end of the 1960s and into the 1970s; where the black power movement ends and where these other social movements begin is often unclear. "It is pertinent to note that as the movement expanded the variables of gender, class, and only compounded issues of strategy and methodology in black protest thought."
African-American identity
Due to the negative and militant reputation of such auxiliaries as that of the Black Panther Party, many people felt that this movement of "insurrection" would soon serve to cause discord and disharmony through the entire U.S. Even Stokely Carmichael stated, "When you talk of Black Power, you talk of building a movement that will smash everything Western civilization has created."
Though black power at the most basic level refers to a political movement, the psychological and cultural messages of the black power movement, though less tangible, have had perhaps a longer-lasting impact on American society than concrete political changes. Indeed, "fixation on the 'political' hinders appreciation of the movement's cultural manifestations and unnecessarily obscures black culture's role in promoting the psychological well being of the Afro-American people," states William L. Van Deburg, author of A New Day in Babylon, "movement leaders never were as successful in winning power for the people as they were in convincing people that they had sufficient power within themselves to escape 'the prison of self-deprecation'". Primarily, the liberation and empowerment experienced by African Americans occurred in the psychological realm. The movement uplifted the black community as a whole by cultivating feelings of racial solidarity and positive self-identity, often in opposition to the world of white Americans, a world that had physically and psychologically oppressed black people for generations. Stokely Carmichael stated that "the goal of black self-determination and black self-identity—Black Power—is recognition of the virtues in themselves as black people." Through the movement, blacks came to understand themselves and their culture by exploring and debating the question, "who are we?" in order to establish a unified and viable identity. And "if black people are to know themselves as a vibrant, valiant people, they must know their roots."
Throughout the Civil Rights Movement and black history, there has been tension between those wishing to minimize and maximize racial difference. W.E.B. Du Bois and Martin Luther King Jr. often attempted to deemphasize race in their quest for equality, while those advocating for separatism and colonization emphasized an extreme and irreconcilable difference between races. McCormack argues that the black power movement largely achieved an equilibrium of "balanced and humane ethnocentrism."
The impact of the black power movement in generating discussion about ethnic identity and black consciousness supported the appearance and expansion of academic fields of American studies, black studies, and African studies, and the founding of several museums devoted to African-American history and culture in this period. In these ways the black power movement led to greater respect for and attention accorded to African Americans' history and culture.
Ghana
As the first sub-Saharan African nation to gain independence, President Nkrumah opened Ghana up to African Americans seeking freedom, stating that “the independence of Ghana is meaningless unless it is linked with the total liberation of the whole of Africa”. Black power was directly influenced by two key factors: the independence of Ghana and the Cold War ideology. As a result of the Cold War, black radicals and activists were unable to freely propose ideas due to government censorship. Consequently, Ghana became the example for black freedom and liberation movements due to the Cold War ideology and politics proving in the long term to be a factor for the demise of black power.
After Ghana's independence, black power reached the international stage, with visits from notable African American activists, such as Malcolm X in 1964. For many expatriates, ‘home’ became Ghana due to the freedom of thought, speech, and economy which could not be had in America amidst the ongoing Cold War. Ghana as a place itself inspired black power due to its position as a non-aligned nation during the Cold War. Ghana thus represented a place for black freedom with no constraints by anti-communist, nor communist propaganda. The connection between black power in America and Africa is further shown by the expatriates in Ghana criticising the Kennedy administration and paralleling the March on Washington. Ghana became aligned with the Black power movement, centrally focusing on the black nationalism and the anti-war movement.
Julian Mayfield, who became a prominent member in Ghana as well as influencing African American civil rights, stated that the nonviolent, passive-resistive strategies failed the needs of the lower class blacks. He believed that “the only way to win a revolution is to be revolutionary”. America nevertheless managed to keep much of Africa under the western sphere of influence, especially after communism began to enter African countries, with Ghana being one. Black power in Africa soon lost its way though, with the coup and overthrow of Nkrumah and the death of black power advocates, such as Malcolm X. Nevertheless, for a short time, Ghana became a place of freedom and black nationalism, with many African Americans migrating to Ghana during the Cold War to escape the constraints placed on them in American society.
Britain
Black power got a foothold in Britain when Carmichael came to London in July 1967 to attend the Dialectics of Liberation Congress. As well as his address at the Congress, he also made a speech at Speakers' Corner. At that time, there was no black power organization in Britain, although there was Michael X's Racial Adjustment Action Society (RAAS). However, this was more influenced by the Malcolm X's visit to Britain in 1964. Malcolm X also adopted Islam at this stage, whereas black power was not organized around any religious institution.
The Black Power Manifesto was launched on 10 November 1967, published by the Universal Coloured People's Association. Obi Egbuna, the spokesperson for the group, claimed they had recruited 778 members in London during the previous seven weeks. In 1968 Egbuna published Black Power or Death. He was also active with CLR James, Calvin Hernton and others in the Antiuniversity of London, set up following the Dialectics of Liberation Congress.
Black people in Britain who identified themselves as the British Black Power Movement (BBPM) formed in the 1960s. They worked with the U.S. Black Panther Party in 1967–68, and 1968–72. The On March 2, 1970, roughly one hundred people protested outside the U.S. embassy in Grosvenor Square, London, in support of the U.S. Black Panther founder Bobby Seale, who was on trial for murder in New Haven, Connecticut. They chanted "Free Bobby!" and carried posters proclaiming "Free, Free bobby Seale" and "You can kill a revolutionary but not a revolution." London police arrested sixteen of the protestors that day, three women and thirteen men with threatening and assaulting police officers, distributing a flier entitled "the Definition of Black Power", intending to incite a breach of the peace, and willful damage to a police raincoat. The raincoat charge was dropped by the judge, but the judge found five of the accused guilty of the remaining charges.
Jamaica
A black power movement arose in Jamaica in the late 1960s. Though Jamaica had gained independence from the British Empire in 1962, and Prime Minister Hugh Shearer was black, many cabinet ministers (such as Edward Seaga) and business elites were white. Large segments of the black majority population were unemployed or did not earn a living wage. The Jamaica Labour Party government of Hugh Shearer banned black power literature such as The Autobiography of Malcolm X and the works of Eldridge Cleaver and Trinidad-born Stokely Carmichael, later Kwame Ture.
Guyanese academic Walter Rodney was appointed as a lecturer at the University of the West Indies in January 1968, and became one of the main exponents of black power in Jamaica. When the Shearer government banned Rodney from re-entering the country, the Rodney Riots broke out. As a result of the Rodney affair, radical groups and publications such as Abeng began to emerge, and the opposition People's National Party gained support. In the 1972 election, the Jamaica Labour Party was defeated by the People's National Party, and Michael Manley, who had expressed support for black power, became Prime Minister.
Trinidad & Tobago
The 1970 Black Power Revolution in Trinidad & Tobago was born out of a black power movement that gained strength between 1968 and 1970. The National Joint Action Committee (NJAC) was formed out of the Guild of Undergraduates at the St. Augustine campus of the University of the West Indies (UWI), and under its leader Geddes Granger (later Makandal Daaga), along with Khafra Khambon, they challenged Prime Minister Eric Williams and his government. Simultaneously, there was growing unrest among trade unionists, led by George Weekes of the Oilfields Workers' Trade Union, Clive Nunez of the Transport and Industrial Workers Union, and Basdeo Panday.
In February 1970, a Carnival band, Pinetoppers, presented "The Truth about Africa", with portrayals of Fidel Castro, Kwame Ture and Tubal Uriah Butler. Several marches and protests followed, including a demonstration on 26 February which started outside of the Canadian High Commission and the Royal Bank of Canada to protest the arrest of Caribbean students for an anti-racism sit-in at Sir George Williams University in Montreal. The Prime Minister tried to appease protesters by introducing a five percent levy to fund unemployment relief, and established the first locally owned commercial bank, but this had little impact.
After several weeks of increasingly heated demonstrations, which included disaffected citizens of all ethnicities, Basil Davis, a protester, was killed by the police on 6 April. He was later recognised as the first martyr of the Revolution. His funeral on 9 April saw some 100,000 people join a march from Port of Spain to the San Juan cemetery. On 13 April A. N. R. Robinson, Member of Parliament for Tobago East, resigned. On 18 April, sugar workers went on strike, with rumblings of a general strike to follow. In response, on 21 April, Prime Minister Williams declared a State of Emergency, arresting 15 black power leaders. Some members of the Defence Force, led by Raffique Shah and Rex Lassalle, mutinied, taking hostages at the army barracks in Teteron; the mutiny was ultimately quelled on 25 April. It is often described as an attempted military coup.
Williams, who was accused of upholding colonial and capitalist power structures, endeavoured to win over members of the black power movement by trying to align himself and his party with their aims. In a Cabinet re-shuffle, he removed three ministers (two of them white) and three senators. However, he also introduced the Public Order Act, which reduced civil liberties in a bid to restrict protest marches. After public opposition, led by Robinson and his newly formed Action Committee of Democratic Citizens, the bill was withdrawn.
Beauty
The cultivation of pride in the African-American race was often summarized in the phrase "black is beautiful." The phrase is rooted in its historical context, yet the relationship to it has changed in contemporary times. A respondent in Bob Blauner's "Longitudinal Oral History of U.S. Race Relations" in 1986 stated: "I don't think it's 'Black is beautiful' anymore. It's 'I am beautiful and I'm black.' It's not the symbolic thing, the afro, power sign... That phase is over and it succeeded. My children feel better about themselves and they know that they're black." The outward manifestations of an appreciation and celebration of blackness abound: black dolls, natural hair, black Santas, models and celebrities that were once rare and symbolic have become commonplace.
The "black is beautiful" cultural movement aimed to dispel the notion that black people's natural features such as skin color, facial features and hair are inherently ugly. John Sweat Rock was the first to coin the phrase "Black is Beautiful", in the slavery era. The movement asked that men and women stop straightening their hair and attempting to lighten or bleach their skin. The prevailing idea in American culture was that black features were less attractive or desirable than white features.
Arts and culture
The black power movement produced artistic and cultural products that both embodied and generated pride in "blackness" and further defined an African-American identity that remains contemporary. Black power is often seen as a cultural revolution as much as a political revolution, with the goal of celebrating and emphasizing the distinctive group culture of African Americans to an American society that had previously been dominated by white artistic and cultural expressions. Black power utilized all available forms of folk, literary, and dramatic expression based in a common ancestral past to promote a message of self-actualization and cultural self-definition. The emphasis on a distinctive black culture during the black power movement publicized and legitimized a culture gap between black and white people that had previously been ignored and denigrated. More generally, in recognizing the legitimacy of another culture and challenging the idea of white cultural superiority, the black power movement paved the way for the celebration of multiculturalism in America today.
The cultural concept of "soul" was fundamental to the image of African-American culture embodied by the black power movement. Soul, a type of "in-group cultural cachet," was closely tied to black America's need for individual and group self-identification. A central expression of the "soulfulness" of the black power generation was a cultivation of aloofness and detachment, the creation of an "aura or emotional invulnerability," a persona that challenged their position of relative powerlessness in greater society. The nonverbal expressions of this attitude, including everything from posture to handshakes, were developed as a counterpoint to the rigid, "up-tight" mannerisms of white people. Though the iconic symbol of black power, the arms raised with biceps flexed and clenched fists, is temporally specific, variants of the multitude of handshakes, or "giving and getting skin," in the 1960s and 1970s as a mark of communal solidarity continue to exist as a part of black culture.
Jazz had played a crucial artistic role to the black power movement throughout the 20th century. Throughout the century jazz had undergone a series of changes in terms of the composition and structure as experimentalists attempted to break away from the status quo. From swing to bebop, hard bop, free/avant-garde, Afrofuturist, and fusion jazz, African-American artists continued to evolve the genre to adapt to the social trends of their time. One of the core reasons behind jazz experimentation was the integration of the music in to the white-controlled mainstream, subjecting the music to marketization for the purpose of entertainment. Kwami Coleman explains this played an integral role in the production of avant-garde jazz in the 1960s as a response to the use of bebop as cultural propaganda during Cold War and its growing reputation as "white music." The structure of avant-garde jazz allowed the musicians to have more creative liberty in their pieces because of the emphasis on improvisation that had contradicted the notions of Euro-American music. This generation, which was grounded within the conditions of the Civil Rights Movement, utilized an Afrological and Afro-Modernist sound to reconnect to African heritage in a move away from American Romanticism. Avant-garde jazz was also developed from the desire of African Americans to develop their own cultural attitudes and structures of power outside of the status-quo; this desire for autonomy is translated into the music and the music is used to express their resistance against the white supremacist system.
Clothing style also became an expression of black power in the 1960s and 1970s. Though many of the popular trends of the movement remained confined to the decade, the movement redefined standards of beauty that were historically influenced by white people and instead celebrated a natural "blackness." As Stokely Carmichael said in 1966, "We have to stop being ashamed of being black. A broad nose, thick lip and nappy hair is us and we are going to call that beautiful whether they like it or not." "Natural" hair styles, such as the Afro, became a socially acceptable tribute to group unity and a highly visible celebration of black heritage. Though the same social messages may no longer consciously influence individual hair or clothing styles in today's society, the black power movement was influential in diversifying standards of beauty and aesthetic choices. The black power movement raised the idea of a black aesthetic that revealed the worth and beauty of all black people.
In developing a powerful identity from the most elemental aspects of African-American folk life, the black power movement generated attention to the concept of "soul food," a fresh, authentic, and natural style of cooking that originated in Africa. The flavor and solid nourishment of the food was credited with sustaining African Americans through centuries of oppression in America and became an important aid in nurturing contemporary racial pride. Black power advocates used the concept of "soul food" to further distinguish between white and black culture; though the basic elements of soul food were not specific to African-American food, Blacks believed in the distinctive quality, if not superiority, of foods prepared by Blacks. No longer racially specific, traditional "soul foods" such as yams, collard greens, and deep-fried chicken continue to hold a place in contemporary culinary life.
Black Arts Movement
The Black Arts Movement or BAM, founded in Harlem by writer and activist Amiri Baraka (born Everett LeRoy Jones), can be seen as the artistic branch of the black power movement. This movement inspired black people to establish ownership of publishing houses, magazines, journals and art institutions. Other well-known writers who were involved with this movement included Nikki Giovanni; Don L. Lee, later known as Haki Madhubuti; Sonia Sanchez; Maya Angelou; Dudley Randall; Sterling Plumpp; Larry Neal; Ted Joans; Ahmos Zu-Bolton; and Etheridge Knight. Several black-owned publishing houses and publications sprang from the BAM, including Madhubuti's Third World Press, Broadside Press, Zu-Bolton's Energy Black South Press, and the periodicals Callaloo and Yardbird Reader. Although not strictly involved with the Movement, other notable African-American writers such as novelists Ishmael Reed and Toni Morrison and poet Gwendolyn Brooks can be considered to share some of its artistic and thematic concerns.
BAM sought "to link, in a highly conscious manner, art and politics in order to assist in the liberation of black people", and produced an increase in the quantity and visibility of African-American artistic production. Though many elements of the Black Arts movement are separate from the black power movement, many goals, themes, and activists overlapped. Literature, drama, and music of black people "served as an oppositional and defensive mechanism through which creative artists could confirm their identity while articulating their own unique impressions of social reality." In addition to acting as highly visible and unifying representations of "blackness," the artistic products of the black power movement also utilized themes of black empowerment and liberation. For instance, black recording artists not only transmitted messages of racial unity through their music, they also became significant role models for a younger generation of African Americans. Updated protest songs not only bemoaned oppression and societal wrongs, but utilized adversity as a reference point and tool to lead others to activism. Some black power-era artists conducted brief mini-courses in the techniques of empowerment. In the tradition of cultural nationalists, these artists taught that in order to alter social conditions, black people first had to change the way they viewed themselves; they had to break free of white norms and strive to be more natural, a common theme of African-American art and music. Musicians such as the Temptations sang lyrics such as "I have one single desire, just like you / So move over, son, 'cause I'm comin' through" in their song "Message From a Black Man," they expressed the revolutionary sentiments of the black power movement.
Ishmael Reed, who is considered neither a movement apologist nor advocate, said: "I wasn't invited to participate because I was considered an integrationist" but he went on to explain the positive aspects of the Black Arts Movement and the black power movement:
I think what Black Arts did was inspire a whole lot of Black people to write. Moreover, there would be no multiculturalism movement without Black Arts. Latinos, Asian Americans, and others all say they began writing as a result of the example of the 1960s. Blacks gave the example that you don't have to assimilate. You could do your own thing, get into your own background, your own history, your own tradition and your own culture. I think the challenge is for cultural sovereignty and Black Arts struck a blow for that.
By breaking into a field typically reserved for white Americans, artists of the black power era expanded opportunities for current African Americans. "Today's writers and performers," writes William L. Van Deburg, "recognize that they owe a great deal to black power's explosion of cultural orthodoxy."
BAM could be easily described through the Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians, or AACM, a collective of Black musicians and composers that was founded in the South Side of Chicago. Their goal was the nurturing, performing, and recording of Black jazz. At the time of the AACM's founding jazz was facing a massive crisis; clubs were rapidly being closed, gig opportunities sharply decreased, and jazz experimentalists did not connect with large audiences due to their unconventional style. The AACM created a power structure for African-American musicians, especially women who typically faced large amounts of discrimination in the industry, that allowed for the fostering of a healthy jazz community outside of the predatory record companies.
Criticism
Bayard Rustin, an elder statesman of the Civil Rights Movement, was a harsh critic of black power in its earliest days. Writing in 1966, shortly after the March Against Fear, Rustin said that black power "not only lacks any real value for the civil rights movement, but ... its propagation is positively harmful. It diverts the movement from a meaningful debate over strategy and tactics, it isolates the Negro community, and it encourages the growth of anti-Negro forces." He particularly criticized the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and SNCC for their turn toward black power, arguing that these two organizations once "awakened the country, but now they emerge isolated and demoralized, shouting a slogan that may afford a momentary satisfaction but that is calculated to destroy them and their movement."
The black power slogan was also criticized by Martin Luther King Jr., who stated that the black power movement "connotates black supremacy and an anti-white feeling that does not or should not prevail." The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) also disapproved of black power. Roy Wilkins, then the NAACP's executive director, stated that black power was "a reverse Hitler, a reverse Ku Klux Klan...the father of hate and mother of violence." The black power slogan was also met with opposition from the leadership of SCLC and the Urban League.
Politicians in high office also spoke out against black power: in 1966, President Lyndon B. Johnson criticized extremists on both sides of the racial divide, stating "we're not interested in black power and we are not interested in white power, but we are interested in American democratic power, with a small 'd. At a NAACP rally the next day, Vice President Hubert Humphrey argued "Racism is racism and we must reject calls for racism whether they come from a throat that is white or one that is black."
Responses
Kwame Ture, formerly known as Stokely Carmichael, and Charles V. Hamilton, both activists with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and authors of the book, Black Power: The Politics of Liberation highlight that some observers and critics of the black power movement conflated "black power" with "black supremacy". They countered that black power advocates were not proposing a mirror-image of white supremacy and domination, instead they were working towards "an effective share in the total power of society".
See also
African independence movements
Black Power (New Zealand), Māori gang
Deacons for Defense and Justice
Négritude
Melanin theory
Protests of 1968
Republic of New Africa
Reverse racism
White nationalism
White separatism
Black Power in the Caribbean
References
Cited sources
Further reading
Brown, Scot, Fighting for US: Maulana Karenga, the US Organization, and Black Cultural Nationalism, New York: New York University Press, 2003.
Bush, Rod. We Are Not What We Seem: Black Nationalism and Class Struggle in the American Century (1999)
Cone, James. Black theology and black power (Orbis Books, 2018).
Frazier, Nishani. Harambee City: Congress of Racial Equality in Cleveland and the Rise of Black Power Populism. (Arkansas University Press, 2017). .
Goldstein, Brian D., "'The Search for New Forms': Black Power and the Making of the Postmodern City," Journal of American History, (2016) 102#2, pp. 375–399.
Joseph, Peniel E., ed. Neighborhood rebels: Black power at the local level (Springer, 2010).
Joseph, Peniel E. Dark Days, Bright Nights: From Black Power to Barack Obama (Basic, 2010).
Joseph, Peniel E. "The black power movement, democracy, and America in the king years." American Historical Review 114.4 (2009): 1001–1016. https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr.114.4.1001
Joseph, Peniel E. Waiting 'Til the Midnight Hour (2007) excerpt
Ogbar, Jeffrey O. G. Black Power: Radical Politics and African American Identity. (2nd ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2019) online
Williams, Hettie V. We Shall Overcome to We Shall Overrun: The Collapse of the Civil Rights Movement and the Black Power Revolt (1962–1968) (University Press of America, 2009), ISBN 0761843531
Historiography
Joseph, Peniel E. "The black power movement: A state of the field." Journal of American History 96.3 (2009): 751–776. online
Joseph, Peniel E. "Rethinking the black power era." Journal of Southern History 75.3 (2009): 707-716. online
Joseph, Peniel E. "Historians and the Black Power movement." OAH Magazine of History 22.3 (2008): 8–15.
Joseph, Peniel E., ed. The black power movement: Rethinking the civil rights-black power era. (Taylor & Francis, 2006).
Primary sources
Carmichael, Stokely/ Hamilton, Charles V., and Ture, Kwame: Black Power. The Politics of Liberation in America. New York: Vintage Books, 1967.
External links
SNCC Digital Gateway: Black Power, Digital documentary website created by the SNCC Legacy Project and Duke University, telling the story of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee & grassroots organizing from the inside-out
Harambee City: Archival site incorporating documents, maps, audio/visual materials related to CORE's work in black power and black economic development
Website of Dr. Peniel E. Joseph, Professor of African-American Studies, Scholar of African American history and frequent commentator on civil rights, race and democracy issues
Stokely-Carmichael.com—Focus on Carmichael's life and rhetoric
Panther Party.com/ The official website of the New Black Panther Party
Hubert Harrison
Ben Fletcher
A History of Harlem CORE
The Black Power Mixtape – New Documentary Featuring Angela Davis, Huey P. Newton, & Stokely Carmichael—video report by Democracy Now!
African-American cultural history
African and Black nationalism
Politics and race
1950s neologisms |
```java
package com.airbnb.epoxy;
import android.view.View;
import com.airbnb.epoxy.EpoxyModel.SpanSizeOverrideCallback;
import com.airbnb.epoxy.integrationtest.BuildConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner;
import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class EpoxyModelIntegrationTest {
static class ModelWithSpanCount extends EpoxyModel<View> {
@Override
protected int getDefaultLayout() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public int getSpanSize(int totalSpanCount, int position, int itemCount) {
return 6;
}
}
@Test
public void modelReturnsSpanCount() {
ModelWithSpanCount model = new ModelWithSpanCount();
assertEquals(6, model.spanSize(0, 0, 0));
}
static class ModelWithSpanCountCallback extends EpoxyModel<View> {
@Override
protected int getDefaultLayout() {
return 0;
}
}
@Test
public void modelReturnsSpanCountFromCallback() {
ModelWithSpanCountCallback model = new ModelWithSpanCountCallback();
model.spanSizeOverride(new SpanSizeOverrideCallback() {
@Override
public int getSpanSize(int totalSpanCount, int position, int itemCount) {
return 7;
}
});
assertEquals(7, model.spanSize(0, 0, 0));
}
}
``` |
```python
# refined api Python2
import tensorflow as tf
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
import numpy as np
class Network():
def __init__(self, train_batch_size, test_batch_size, pooling_scale,
dropout_rate, base_learning_rate, decay_rate,
optimizeMethod='adam', save_path='model/default.ckpt'):
"""
@num_hidden:
@batch_size
"""
self.optimizeMethod = optimizeMethod
self.dropout_rate = dropout_rate
self.base_learning_rate = base_learning_rate
self.decay_rate = decay_rate
self.train_batch_size = train_batch_size
self.test_batch_size = test_batch_size
# Hyper Parameters
self.conv_config = [] # list of dict
self.fc_config = [] # list of dict
self.conv_weights = []
self.conv_biases = []
self.fc_weights = []
self.fc_biases = []
self.pooling_scale = pooling_scale
self.pooling_stride = pooling_scale
# Graph Related
self.tf_train_samples = None
self.tf_train_labels = None
self.tf_test_samples = None
self.tf_test_labels = None
#
self.writer = None
self.merged = None
self.train_summaries = []
self.test_summaries = []
# save
self.saver = None
self.save_path = save_path
def add_conv(self, *, patch_size, in_depth, out_depth, activation='relu', pooling=False, name):
"""
This function does not define operations in the graph, but only store config in self.conv_layer_config
"""
self.conv_config.append({
'patch_size': patch_size,
'in_depth': in_depth,
'out_depth': out_depth,
'activation': activation,
'pooling': pooling,
'name': name
})
with tf.name_scope(name):
weights = tf.Variable(
tf.truncated_normal([patch_size, patch_size, in_depth, out_depth], stddev=0.1), name=name + '_weights')
biases = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[out_depth]), name=name + '_biases')
self.conv_weights.append(weights)
self.conv_biases.append(biases)
def add_fc(self, *, in_num_nodes, out_num_nodes, activation='relu', name):
"""
add fc layer config to slef.fc_layer_config
"""
self.fc_config.append({
'in_num_nodes': in_num_nodes,
'out_num_nodes': out_num_nodes,
'activation': activation,
'name': name
})
with tf.name_scope(name):
weights = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([in_num_nodes, out_num_nodes], stddev=0.1))
biases = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[out_num_nodes]))
self.fc_weights.append(weights)
self.fc_biases.append(biases)
self.train_summaries.append(tf.summary.histogram(str(len(self.fc_weights)) + '_weights', weights))
self.train_summaries.append(tf.summary.histogram(str(len(self.fc_biases)) + '_biases', biases))
def apply_regularization(self, _lambda):
# L2 regularization for the fully connected parameters
regularization = 0.0
for weights, biases in zip(self.fc_weights, self.fc_biases):
regularization += tf.nn.l2_loss(weights) + tf.nn.l2_loss(biases)
# 1e5
return _lambda * regularization
# should make the definition as an exposed API, instead of implemented in the function
def define_inputs(self, *, train_samples_shape, train_labels_shape, test_samples_shape):
#
with tf.name_scope('inputs'):
self.tf_train_samples = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=train_samples_shape, name='tf_train_samples')
self.tf_train_labels = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=train_labels_shape, name='tf_train_labels')
self.tf_test_samples = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=test_samples_shape, name='tf_test_samples')
def define_model(self):
"""
"""
def model(data_flow, train=True):
"""
@data: original inputs
@return: logits
"""
# Define Convolutional Layers
for i, (weights, biases, config) in enumerate(zip(self.conv_weights, self.conv_biases, self.conv_config)):
with tf.name_scope(config['name'] + '_model'):
with tf.name_scope('convolution'):
# default 1,1,1,1 stride and SAME padding
data_flow = tf.nn.conv2d(data_flow, filter=weights, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='SAME')
data_flow = data_flow + biases
if not train:
self.visualize_filter_map(data_flow, how_many=config['out_depth'],
display_size=32 // (i // 2 + 1), name=config['name'] + '_conv')
if config['activation'] == 'relu':
data_flow = tf.nn.relu(data_flow)
if not train:
self.visualize_filter_map(data_flow, how_many=config['out_depth'],
display_size=32 // (i // 2 + 1), name=config['name'] + '_relu')
else:
raise Exception('Activation Func can only be Relu right now. You passed', config['activation'])
if config['pooling']:
data_flow = tf.nn.max_pool(
data_flow,
ksize=[1, self.pooling_scale, self.pooling_scale, 1],
strides=[1, self.pooling_stride, self.pooling_stride, 1],
padding='SAME')
if not train:
self.visualize_filter_map(data_flow, how_many=config['out_depth'],
display_size=32 // (i // 2 + 1) // 2,
name=config['name'] + '_pooling')
# Define Fully Connected Layers
for i, (weights, biases, config) in enumerate(zip(self.fc_weights, self.fc_biases, self.fc_config)):
if i == 0:
shape = data_flow.get_shape().as_list()
data_flow = tf.reshape(data_flow, [shape[0], shape[1] * shape[2] * shape[3]])
with tf.name_scope(config['name'] + 'model'):
### Dropout
if train and i == len(self.fc_weights) - 1:
data_flow = tf.nn.dropout(data_flow, self.dropout_rate, seed=4926)
###
data_flow = tf.matmul(data_flow, weights) + biases
if config['activation'] == 'relu':
data_flow = tf.nn.relu(data_flow)
elif config['activation'] is None:
pass
else:
raise Exception('Activation Func can only be Relu or None right now. You passed',
config['activation'])
return data_flow
# Training computation.
logits = model(self.tf_train_samples)
with tf.name_scope('loss'):
self.loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits=logits, labels=self.tf_train_labels))
self.loss += self.apply_regularization(_lambda=5e-4)
self.train_summaries.append(tf.summary.scalar('Loss', self.loss))
# learning rate decay
global_step = tf.Variable(0)
learning_rate = tf.train.exponential_decay(
learning_rate=self.base_learning_rate,
global_step=global_step * self.train_batch_size,
decay_steps=100,
decay_rate=self.decay_rate,
staircase=True
)
# Optimizer.
with tf.name_scope('optimizer'):
if (self.optimizeMethod == 'gradient'):
self.optimizer = tf.train \
.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate) \
.minimize(self.loss)
elif (self.optimizeMethod == 'momentum'):
self.optimizer = tf.train \
.MomentumOptimizer(learning_rate, 0.5) \
.minimize(self.loss)
elif (self.optimizeMethod == 'adam'):
self.optimizer = tf.train \
.AdamOptimizer(learning_rate) \
.minimize(self.loss)
# Predictions for the training, validation, and test data.
with tf.name_scope('train'):
self.train_prediction = tf.nn.softmax(logits, name='train_prediction')
tf.add_to_collection("prediction", self.train_prediction)
with tf.name_scope('test'):
self.test_prediction = tf.nn.softmax(model(self.tf_test_samples, train=False), name='test_prediction')
tf.add_to_collection("prediction", self.test_prediction)
single_shape = (1, 32, 32, 1)
single_input = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=single_shape, name='single_input')
self.single_prediction = tf.nn.softmax(model(single_input, train=False), name='single_prediction')
tf.add_to_collection("prediction", self.single_prediction)
self.merged_train_summary = tf.summary.merge(self.train_summaries)
self.merged_test_summary = tf.summary.merge(self.test_summaries)
# Graph
self.saver = tf.train.Saver(tf.all_variables())
def run(self, train_samples, train_labels, test_samples, test_labels, *, train_data_iterator, iteration_steps,
test_data_iterator):
"""
Session
:data_iterator: a function that yields chuck of data
"""
self.writer = tf.summary.FileWriter('./board', tf.get_default_graph())
with tf.Session(graph=tf.get_default_graph()) as session:
tf.initialize_all_variables().run()
###
print('Start Training')
# batch 1000
for i, samples, labels in train_data_iterator(train_samples, train_labels, iteration_steps=iteration_steps,
chunkSize=self.train_batch_size):
_, l, predictions, summary = session.run(
[self.optimizer, self.loss, self.train_prediction, self.merged_train_summary],
feed_dict={self.tf_train_samples: samples, self.tf_train_labels: labels}
)
self.writer.add_summary(summary, i)
# labels is True Labels
accuracy, _ = self.accuracy(predictions, labels)
if i % 50 == 0:
print('Minibatch loss at step %d: %f' % (i, l))
print('Minibatch accuracy: %.1f%%' % accuracy)
###
###
accuracies = []
confusionMatrices = []
for i, samples, labels in test_data_iterator(test_samples, test_labels, chunkSize=self.test_batch_size):
result, summary = session.run(
[self.test_prediction, self.merged_test_summary],
feed_dict={self.tf_test_samples: samples}
)
self.writer.add_summary(summary, i)
accuracy, cm = self.accuracy(result, labels, need_confusion_matrix=True)
accuracies.append(accuracy)
confusionMatrices.append(cm)
print('Test Accuracy: %.1f%%' % accuracy)
print(' Average Accuracy:', np.average(accuracies))
print('Standard Deviation:', np.std(accuracies))
self.print_confusion_matrix(np.add.reduce(confusionMatrices))
###
def train(self, train_samples, train_labels, *, data_iterator, iteration_steps):
self.writer = tf.summary.FileWriter('./board', tf.get_default_graph())
with tf.Session(graph=tf.get_default_graph()) as session:
tf.initialize_all_variables().run()
###
print('Start Training')
# batch 1000
for i, samples, labels in data_iterator(train_samples, train_labels, iteration_steps=iteration_steps,
chunkSize=self.train_batch_size):
_, l, predictions, summary = session.run(
[self.optimizer, self.loss, self.train_prediction, self.merged_train_summary],
feed_dict={self.tf_train_samples: samples, self.tf_train_labels: labels}
)
self.writer.add_summary(summary, i)
# labels is True Labels
accuracy, _ = self.accuracy(predictions, labels)
if i % 50 == 0:
print('Minibatch loss at step %d: %f' % (i, l))
print('Minibatch accuracy: %.1f%%' % accuracy)
###
#
import os
if os.path.isdir(self.save_path.split('/')[0]):
save_path = self.saver.save(session, self.save_path)
print("Model saved in file: %s" % save_path)
else:
os.makedirs(self.save_path.split('/')[0])
save_path = self.saver.save(session, self.save_path)
print("Model saved in file: %s" % save_path)
def test(self, test_samples, test_labels, *, data_iterator):
if self.saver is None:
self.define_model()
if self.writer is None:
self.writer = tf.summary.FileWriter('./board', tf.get_default_graph())
print('Before session')
with tf.Session(graph=tf.get_default_graph()) as session:
self.saver.restore(session, self.save_path)
###
accuracies = []
confusionMatrices = []
for i, samples, labels in data_iterator(test_samples, test_labels, chunkSize=self.test_batch_size):
result = session.run(
self.test_prediction,
feed_dict={self.tf_test_samples: samples}
)
# self.writer.add_summary(summary, i)
accuracy, cm = self.accuracy(result, labels, need_confusion_matrix=True)
accuracies.append(accuracy)
confusionMatrices.append(cm)
print('Test Accuracy: %.1f%%' % accuracy)
print(' Average Accuracy:', np.average(accuracies))
print('Standard Deviation:', np.std(accuracies))
self.print_confusion_matrix(np.add.reduce(confusionMatrices))
###
def accuracy(self, predictions, labels, need_confusion_matrix=False):
"""
@return: accuracy and confusionMatrix as a tuple
"""
_predictions = np.argmax(predictions, 1)
_labels = np.argmax(labels, 1)
cm = confusion_matrix(_labels, _predictions) if need_confusion_matrix else None
# == is overloaded for numpy array
accuracy = (100.0 * np.sum(_predictions == _labels) / predictions.shape[0])
return accuracy, cm
def visualize_filter_map(self, tensor, *, how_many, display_size, name):
# print(tensor.get_shape)
filter_map = tensor[-1]
# print(filter_map.get_shape())
filter_map = tf.transpose(filter_map, perm=[2, 0, 1])
# print(filter_map.get_shape())
filter_map = tf.reshape(filter_map, (how_many, display_size, display_size, 1))
# print(how_many)
self.test_summaries.append(tf.summary.image(name, tensor=filter_map, max_outputs=how_many))
def print_confusion_matrix(self, confusionMatrix):
print('Confusion Matrix:')
for i, line in enumerate(confusionMatrix):
print(line, line[i] / np.sum(line))
a = 0
for i, column in enumerate(np.transpose(confusionMatrix, (1, 0))):
a += (column[i] / np.sum(column)) * (np.sum(column) / 26000)
print(column[i] / np.sum(column), )
print('\n', np.sum(confusionMatrix), a)
``` |
KB Besa Pejë is the first basketball Kosovan team from Peja City. It was founded in 1961. This team is part of the Kosovo Superleague.
History
The team was founded in 1961, and its first name was KK. Buducnosti. The board of the team was mostly Serbian people. These years team have present Kosovo in first league of Yugoslavia with great results and a lot of trophy winners.
In 1979–80 the Albanian board of the team had change name of club from Buducnost to Ramiz Sadiku. The ex-secretary of team, Muhamet Ahma, was also the first coach of the new team. In this year the team debuted in Balkanska league who lost in semi-final from Mornar 74–75. The best player of us was Blerim Vuniqi. Then we continue to play in local league and in 1992 we're in final of play-off with Prishtina and we lost 30–36.
In 2012–2013 Arber Elshani was elected as president and he backed Besa Pejë team to win first league in 2012–2013 and to be part of Superleague after great season. Elshani as President of team for first time in team make some great thinks to make history. First he brought one from the best coaches in Croatia. The new head coach of Besa in that time was Mr. Boris Kurtovic who led the team in semi-final of final four of cup after a big win with Trepca in Gjakova with great result 70–83 with all local players and reality was great season. Then Elshani brought ex-Real Madrid player Venson Hamilton who for our fans in 2014 was totally unbelievable but Hamilton coming and in his first game he score 25 points 25 rebounds and 10 blocked shots to help Besa team to win against Milion team BC RTV21. Now Team Besa still works with local players and is one team for respect as always.
BC Besa since 2015 have been out from all leagues in Federation after a conflict between President of Federation and Board of Besa. Besa refused to give vote for him in election for new President of Federation and then they have go out our team from Superleague.
Titles and honors
Domestic
Kosovo First Division (1):
2013
References
Basketball teams in Kosovo |
The Vestri women's basketball team, commonly known as Vestri, is a basketball team based in Ísafjörður, Iceland. It is part of the Vestri multi-sport club.
History
The club was founded in 1965 as Körfuknattleiksfélag Ísafjarðar (KFÍ). In 1969, KFÍ won the Vesturland's group and was slated to face Þór Akureyri, which won the Norðurland's group, in a game for the national championship. KFÍ forfeited the game as they could not field a team at the date of the game. The team participated in the top-tier Úrvalsdeild kvenna from 1999 to 2002, advancing to the semi-finals in the Úrvalsdeild playoffs in 2001. It made it into the final four of the Icelandic Cup in 2000 and 2001. In 2016 KFÍ merged into Íþróttafélagið Vestri and became its basketball sub-division. After playing in the 2. deild kvenna for the 2018–2019 season, the team returned to the second-tier 1. deild kvenna in June 2020.
In July 2021, Dimitris Zacharias was hired as the head coach of the team. In end of November, Zacharias resigned and was replaced by former coach Pétur Már Sigurðsson. In June 2022, the board decided not to register the team for the next season competition.
Trophies and awards
Awards
Úrvalsdeild Women's Foreign Player of the Year
Jessica Gaspar – 2001
Ebony Dickinson – 2000
Úrvalsdeild Women's Domestic All-First Team
Sólveig Helga Gunnlaugsdóttir – 2001
Úrvalsdeild Women's Young Player of the Year
Sara Pálmadóttir – 2002
1. deild kvenna Domestic All-First team
Eva Margrét Kristjánsdóttir – 2015
Notable players
Head coaches
Women's head coaches since 1996:
Karl Jónsson 1999–2001
Krste Seramofski 2001–2002
Neil Shiran Þórisson 2002–2003
Hrafn Kristjánsson 2003–2004
Tom Hull 2004–2005
Pance Ilievski 2010–2011
Pétur Már Sigurðsson 2011–2013
Labrenthia Murdock Pearson 2014–2015
Helga Salóme Ingimarsdóttir 2018–2019
Pétur Már Sigurðsson 2020–2021
Dimitris Zacharias 2021
Pétur Már Sigurðsson 2021–2022
References
External links
Vestri team info at kki.is
Basketball teams in Iceland
Basketball teams established in 1965 |
```smalltalk
/****************************************************************************
*
* path_to_url
* path_to_url
* path_to_url
****************************************************************************/
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Events;
using UnityEngine.UI;
namespace QFramework
{
///
/// </summary>
public class AssemblyUtil
{
/// <summary>
/// Assembly-CSharp
/// </summary>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Assembly DefaultCSharpAssembly
{
get
{
return AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies()
.SingleOrDefault(a => a.GetName().Name == "Assembly-CSharp");
}
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="typeName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Type GetDefaultAssemblyType(string typeName)
{
return DefaultCSharpAssembly.GetType(typeName);
}
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public static class ProbilityHelper
{
[Obsolete(" action?.Invoke(),please use action?.Invoke() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool InvokeGracefully(this UnityAction selfAction)
{
if (null != selfAction)
{
selfAction();
return true;
}
return false;
}
[Obsolete(" action?.Invoke(),please use action?.Invoke() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool InvokeGracefully<T>(this UnityAction<T> selfAction, T t)
{
if (null != selfAction)
{
selfAction(t);
return true;
}
return false;
}
[Obsolete(" action?.Invoke(),please use action?.Invoke() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool InvokeGracefully<T, K>(this UnityAction<T, K> selfAction, T t, K k)
{
if (null != selfAction)
{
selfAction(t, k);
return true;
}
return false;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static T RandomValueFrom<T>(params T[] values)
{
return values[UnityEngine.Random.Range(0, values.Length)];
}
/// <summary>
/// percent probability
/// </summary>
/// <param name="percent"> 0 ~ 100 </param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool PercentProbability(int percent)
{
return UnityEngine.Random.Range(0, 1000) * 0.001f < 50 * 0.01f;
}
}
public static class ReflectionExtension
{
public static Assembly GetAssemblyCSharp()
{
var assemblies = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
foreach (var a in assemblies)
{
if (a.FullName.StartsWith("Assembly-CSharp,"))
{
return a;
}
}
// Log.E(">>>>>>>Error: Can\'t find Assembly-CSharp.dll");
return null;
}
public static Assembly GetAssemblyCSharpEditor()
{
var assemblies = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
foreach (var a in assemblies)
{
if (a.FullName.StartsWith("Assembly-CSharp-Editor,"))
{
return a;
}
}
// Log.E(">>>>>>>Error: Can\'t find Assembly-CSharp-Editor.dll");
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Write in unity 2017 .Net 3.5
/// after unity 2018 .Net 4.x and new C# version are more powerful
/// </summary>
public static class DeprecatedExtension
{
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static int GetRandomWithPower(this List<int> powers)
{
var sum = 0;
foreach (var power in powers)
{
sum += power;
}
var randomNum = UnityEngine.Random.Range(0, sum);
var currentSum = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < powers.Count; i++)
{
var nextSum = currentSum + powers[i];
if (randomNum >= currentSum && randomNum <= nextSum)
{
return i;
}
currentSum = nextSum;
}
LogKit.E("");
return -1;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static T GetRandomWithPower<T>(this Dictionary<T, int> powersDict)
{
var keys = new List<T>();
var values = new List<int>();
foreach (var key in powersDict.Keys)
{
keys.Add(key);
values.Add(powersDict[key]);
}
var finalKeyIndex = values.GetRandomWithPower();
return keys[finalKeyIndex];
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void AddAnimatorParameterIfExists(this Animator animator, string parameterName,
AnimatorControllerParameterType type, List<string> parameterList)
{
if (animator.HasParameterOfType(parameterName, type))
{
parameterList.Add(parameterName);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorBool(this Animator self, string parameterName, bool value,
List<string> parameterList)
{
if (parameterList.Contains(parameterName))
{
self.SetBool(parameterName, value);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorTrigger(this Animator self, string parameterName, List<string> parameterList)
{
if (parameterList.Contains(parameterName))
{
self.SetTrigger(parameterName);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void SetAnimatorTrigger(this Animator self, string parameterName, List<string> parameterList)
{
if (parameterList.Contains(parameterName))
{
self.SetTrigger(parameterName);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorFloat(this Animator self, string parameterName, float value,
List<string> parameterList)
{
if (parameterList.Contains(parameterName))
{
self.SetFloat(parameterName, value);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorInteger(this Animator self, string parameterName, int value,
List<string> parameterList)
{
if (parameterList.Contains(parameterName))
{
self.SetInteger(parameterName, value);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorBool(this Animator self, string parameterName, bool value)
{
self.SetBool(parameterName, value);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorTrigger(this Animator self, string parameterName)
{
self.SetTrigger(parameterName);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void SetAnimatorTrigger(this Animator self, string parameterName)
{
self.SetTrigger(parameterName);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorFloat(this Animator self, string parameterName, float value)
{
self.SetFloat(parameterName, value);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorInteger(this Animator self, string parameterName, int value)
{
self.SetInteger(parameterName, value);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorBoolIfExists(this Animator self, string parameterName, bool value)
{
if (self.HasParameterOfType(parameterName, AnimatorControllerParameterType.Bool))
{
self.SetBool(parameterName, value);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorTriggerIfExists(this Animator self, string parameterName)
{
if (self.HasParameterOfType(parameterName, AnimatorControllerParameterType.Trigger))
{
self.SetTrigger(parameterName);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void SetAnimatorTriggerIfExists(this Animator self, string parameterName)
{
if (self.HasParameterOfType(parameterName, AnimatorControllerParameterType.Trigger))
{
self.SetTrigger(parameterName);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorFloatIfExists(this Animator self, string parameterName, float value)
{
if (self.HasParameterOfType(parameterName, AnimatorControllerParameterType.Float))
{
self.SetFloat(parameterName, value);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void UpdateAnimatorIntegerIfExists(this Animator self, string parameterName, int value)
{
if (self.HasParameterOfType(parameterName, AnimatorControllerParameterType.Int))
{
self.SetInteger(parameterName, value);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool HasParameterOfType(this Animator self, string name, AnimatorControllerParameterType type)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
{
return false;
}
var parameters = self.parameters;
return parameters.Any(currParam => currParam.type == type && currParam.name == name);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static T EnableInteract<T>(this T selfSelectable) where T : Selectable
{
selfSelectable.interactable = true;
return selfSelectable;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static T DisableInteract<T>(this T selfSelectable) where T : Selectable
{
selfSelectable.interactable = false;
return selfSelectable;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static T CancelAllTransitions<T>(this T selfSelectable) where T : Selectable
{
selfSelectable.transition = Selectable.Transition.None;
return selfSelectable;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void RegOnValueChangedEvent(this Toggle selfToggle, UnityAction<bool> onValueChangedEvent)
{
selfToggle.onValueChanged.AddListener(onValueChangedEvent);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Vector2 GetPosInRootTrans(this RectTransform selfRectTransform, Transform rootTrans)
{
return RectTransformUtility.CalculateRelativeRectTransformBounds(rootTrans, selfRectTransform).center;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static RectTransform AnchorPosX(this RectTransform selfRectTrans, float anchorPosX)
{
var anchorPos = selfRectTrans.anchoredPosition;
anchorPos.x = anchorPosX;
selfRectTrans.anchoredPosition = anchorPos;
return selfRectTrans;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static RectTransform AnchorPosY(this RectTransform selfRectTrans, float anchorPosY)
{
var anchorPos = selfRectTrans.anchoredPosition;
anchorPos.y = anchorPosY;
selfRectTrans.anchoredPosition = anchorPos;
return selfRectTrans;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static RectTransform SetSizeWidth(this RectTransform selfRectTrans, float sizeWidth)
{
var sizeDelta = selfRectTrans.sizeDelta;
sizeDelta.x = sizeWidth;
selfRectTrans.sizeDelta = sizeDelta;
return selfRectTrans;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static RectTransform SetSizeHeight(this RectTransform selfRectTrans, float sizeHeight)
{
var sizeDelta = selfRectTrans.sizeDelta;
sizeDelta.y = sizeHeight;
selfRectTrans.sizeDelta = sizeDelta;
return selfRectTrans;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Vector2 GetWorldSize(this RectTransform selfRectTrans)
{
return RectTransformUtility.CalculateRelativeRectTransformBounds(selfRectTrans).size;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void SetAmbientLightHTMLStringColor(string htmlStringColor)
{
RenderSettings.ambientLight = htmlStringColor.HtmlStringToColor();
}
/// <summary>
/// : path_to_url
/// </summary>
/// <param name="self"></param>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void SetStandardMaterialToTransparentMode(this Material self)
{
self.SetFloat("_Mode", 3);
self.SetInt("_SrcBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.SrcAlpha);
self.SetInt("_DstBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.OneMinusSrcAlpha);
self.SetInt("_ZWrite", 0);
self.DisableKeyword("_ALPHATEST_ON");
self.EnableKeyword("_ALPHABLEND_ON");
self.DisableKeyword("_ALPHAPREMULTIPLY_ON");
self.renderQueue = 3000;
}
[Obsolete(" gameObj.IsInLayerMask(layerMask)use gameObj.IsInLayerMask(layerMask) instead", true)]
public static bool ContainsGameObject(this LayerMask selfLayerMask, GameObject gameObject)
{
return gameObject.IsInLayerMask(selfLayerMask);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Sprite CreateSprite(this Texture2D self)
{
return Sprite.Create(self, new Rect(0, 0, self.width, self.height), Vector2.one * 0.5f);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Transform SeekTrans(this Transform selfTransform, string uniqueName)
{
var childTrans = selfTransform.Find(uniqueName);
if (null != childTrans)
return childTrans;
foreach (Transform trans in selfTransform)
{
childTrans = trans.SeekTrans(uniqueName);
if (null != childTrans)
return childTrans;
}
return null;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static T ShowChildTransByPath<T>(this T selfComponent, string tranformPath) where T : Component
{
selfComponent.transform.Find(tranformPath).gameObject.Show();
return selfComponent;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static T HideChildTransByPath<T>(this T selfComponent, string tranformPath) where T : Component
{
selfComponent.transform.Find(tranformPath).Hide();
return selfComponent;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void CopyDataFromTrans(this Transform selfTrans, Transform fromTrans)
{
selfTrans.SetParent(fromTrans.parent);
selfTrans.localPosition = fromTrans.localPosition;
selfTrans.localRotation = fromTrans.localRotation;
selfTrans.localScale = fromTrans.localScale;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void ActionRecursion(this Transform tfParent, Action<Transform> action)
{
action(tfParent);
foreach (Transform tfChild in tfParent)
{
tfChild.ActionRecursion(action);
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Transform FindChildRecursion(this Transform tfParent, string name,
StringComparison stringComparison = StringComparison.Ordinal)
{
if (tfParent.name.Equals(name, stringComparison))
{
//Debug.Log("Hit " + tfParent.name);
return tfParent;
}
foreach (Transform tfChild in tfParent)
{
Transform tfFinal = null;
tfFinal = tfChild.FindChildRecursion(name, stringComparison);
if (tfFinal)
{
return tfFinal;
}
}
return null;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Transform FindChildRecursion(this Transform tfParent, Func<Transform, bool> predicate)
{
if (predicate(tfParent))
{
LogKit.I("Hit " + tfParent.name);
return tfParent;
}
foreach (Transform tfChild in tfParent)
{
Transform tfFinal = null;
tfFinal = tfChild.FindChildRecursion(predicate);
if (tfFinal)
{
return tfFinal;
}
}
return null;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string GetPath(this Transform transform)
{
var sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
var t = transform;
while (true)
{
sb.Insert(0, t.name);
t = t.parent;
if (t)
{
sb.Insert(0, "/");
}
else
{
return sb.ToString();
}
}
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Transform FindByPath(this Transform selfTrans, string path)
{
return selfTrans.Find(path.Replace(".", "/"));
}
[Obsolete(" Scale(), use Scale() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Vector3 GetGlobalScale<T>(this T selfComponent) where T : Component
{
return selfComponent.transform.lossyScale;
}
[Obsolete(" Scale(), use Scale() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Vector3 GetScale<T>(this T selfComponent) where T : Component
{
return selfComponent.transform.lossyScale;
}
[Obsolete(" Scale(), use Scale() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Vector3 GetWorldScale<T>(this T selfComponent) where T : Component
{
return selfComponent.transform.lossyScale;
}
[Obsolete(" Scale(), use Scale() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Vector3 GetLossyScale<T>(this T selfComponent) where T : Component
{
return selfComponent.transform.lossyScale;
}
[Obsolete(" Rotation(), use Rotation() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Quaternion GetRotation<T>(this T selfComponent) where T : Component
{
return selfComponent.transform.rotation;
}
[Obsolete(" DestroyChildren,use DestroyChildren() instead")]
public static T DestroyAllChild<T>(this T selfComponent) where T : Component
{
return selfComponent.DestroyChildren();
}
[Obsolete(" DestroyChildren,use DestroyChildren() instead")]
public static GameObject DestroyAllChild(this GameObject selfGameObj)
{
return selfGameObj.DestroyChildren();
}
[Obsolete(" Position(), use Position() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Vector3 GetPosition<T>(this T selfComponent) where T : Component
{
return selfComponent.transform.position;
}
[Obsolete(" LocalScale(), use LocalScale() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Vector3 GetLocalScale<T>(this T selfComponent) where T : Component
{
return selfComponent.transform.localScale;
}
[Obsolete(" LocalRotation(), use LocalRotation() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Quaternion GetLocalRotation<T>(this T selfComponent) where T : Component
{
return selfComponent.transform.localRotation;
}
[Obsolete(" LocalPosition(), use LocalPosition() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static Vector3 GetLocalPosition<T>(this T selfComponent) where T : Component
{
return selfComponent.transform.localPosition;
}
[Obsolete(" Self, use Self instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static T ApplySelfTo<T>(this T selfObj, System.Action<T> toFunction) where T : UnityEngine.Object
{
toFunction.InvokeGracefully(selfObj);
return selfObj;
}
[Obsolete(
" GetAttribute<T>(),please use GetAttribute<T>() instead",
APIVersion.Force)]
public static T GetFirstAttribute<T>(this MethodInfo method, bool inherit) where T : Attribute
{
return method.GetCustomAttributes<T>(inherit).FirstOrDefault();
}
[Obsolete(
" GetAttribute<T>(),please use GetAttribute<T>() instead",
APIVersion.Force)]
public static T GetFirstAttribute<T>(this FieldInfo field, bool inherit) where T : Attribute
{
return field.GetCustomAttributes<T>(inherit).FirstOrDefault();
}
[Obsolete(
" GetAttribute<T>(),please use GetAttribute<T>() instead",
APIVersion.Force)]
public static T GetFirstAttribute<T>(this PropertyInfo prop, bool inherit) where T : Attribute
{
return prop.GetCustomAttributes<T>(inherit).FirstOrDefault();
}
[Obsolete(
" GetAttribute<T>(),please use GetAttribute<T>() instead",
APIVersion.Force)]
public static T GetFirstAttribute<T>(this Type type, bool inherit) where T : Attribute
{
return type.GetCustomAttributes<T>(inherit).FirstOrDefault();
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj"></param>
/// <param name="fieldName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static object GetFieldByReflect(this object obj, string fieldName)
{
var fieldInfo = obj.GetType().GetField(fieldName);
return fieldInfo == null ? null : fieldInfo.GetValue(obj);
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj"></param>
/// <param name="fieldName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static object GetPropertyByReflect(this object obj, string propertyName, object[] index = null)
{
var propertyInfo = obj.GetType().GetProperty(propertyName);
return propertyInfo == null ? null : propertyInfo.GetValue(obj, index);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static object InvokeByReflect(this object obj, string methodName, params object[] args)
{
var methodInfo = obj.GetType().GetMethod(methodName);
return methodInfo == null ? null : methodInfo.Invoke(obj, args);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static object DefaultForType(this Type targetType)
{
return targetType.IsValueType ? Activator.CreateInstance(targetType) : null;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string LastWord(this string selfUrl)
{
return selfUrl.Split('/').Last();
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfStr"></param>
/// <param name="toAppend"></param>
/// <param name="args"></param>
[Obsolete(
" str.Builder().AppendFormat(template,args).ToString(),please use str.Builder().AppendFormat(template,args).ToString() instead",
true)]
public static StringBuilder AppendFormat(this string selfStr, string toAppend, params object[] args)
{
return new StringBuilder(selfStr).AppendFormat(toAppend, args);
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfStr"></param>
/// <param name="toPrefix"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete(
" str.Builder().AddPrefix(***).ToString(),please use str.Builder().AddPrefix(***).ToString() instead",
true)]
public static string AddPrefix(this string selfStr, string toPrefix)
{
return new StringBuilder(toPrefix).Append(selfStr).ToString();
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfStr"></param>
/// <param name="toAppend"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete(
" str.Builder().Append(***).ToString(),please use str.Builder().Append(***).ToString() instead",
true)]
public static StringBuilder Append(this string selfStr, string toAppend)
{
return new StringBuilder(selfStr).Append(toAppend);
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string UppercaseFirst(this string str)
{
return char.ToUpper(str[0]) + str.Substring(1);
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string LowercaseFirst(this string str)
{
return char.ToLower(str[0]) + str.Substring(1);
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string ToUnixLineEndings(this string str)
{
return str.Replace("\r\n", "\n").Replace("\r", "\n");
}
/// <summary>
/// CSV
/// </summary>
/// <param name="values"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string ToCSV(this string[] values)
{
return string.Join(", ", values
.Where(value => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
.Select(value => value.Trim())
.ToArray()
);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string[] ArrayFromCSV(this string values)
{
return values
.Split(new[] { ',' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)
.Select(value => value.Trim())
.ToArray();
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string ToSpacedCamelCase(this string text)
{
var sb = new StringBuilder(text.Length * 2);
sb.Append(char.ToUpper(text[0]));
for (var i = 1; i < text.Length; i++)
{
if (char.IsUpper(text[i]) && text[i - 1] != ' ')
{
sb.Append(' ');
}
sb.Append(text[i]);
}
return sb.ToString();
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines whether the type implements the specified interface
/// and is not an interface itself.
/// </summary>
/// <returns><c>true</c>, if interface was implementsed, <c>false</c> otherwise.</returns>
/// <param name="type">Type.</param>
/// <typeparam name="T">The 1st type parameter.</typeparam>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool ImplementsInterface<T>(this Type type)
{
return !type.IsInterface && type.GetInterfaces().Contains(typeof(T));
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines whether the type implements the specified interface
/// and is not an interface itself.
/// </summary>
/// <returns><c>true</c>, if interface was implementsed, <c>false</c> otherwise.</returns>
/// <param name="type">Type.</param>
/// <typeparam name="T">The 1st type parameter.</typeparam>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool ImplementsInterface<T>(this object obj)
{
var type = obj.GetType();
return !type.IsInterface && type.GetInterfaces().Contains(typeof(T));
}
/// <summary>
/// ,Path
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void MakeFileDirectoryExist(string path)
{
string root = Path.GetDirectoryName(path);
if (!Directory.Exists(root))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(root);
}
}
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string GetFolderName(this string path)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(path))
{
return string.Empty;
}
return Path.GetDirectoryName(path);
}
// "'\''/'"
// "Normalize paths by removing whitespace and converting all '\' to '/'"
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string MakePathStandard(string path)
{
return path.Trim().Replace("\\", "/");
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fileName"></param>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string GetFilePathWithoutExtension(string fileName)
{
if (fileName.Contains("."))
return fileName.Substring(0, fileName.LastIndexOf('.'));
return fileName;
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fileName"></param>
/// <param name="separator"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string GetFileNameWithoutExtension(string fileName, char separator = '/')
{
return GetFilePathWithoutExtension(GetFileName(fileName, separator));
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <param name="separator"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string GetFileName(string path, char separator = '/')
{
path = MakePathStandard(path);
return path.Substring(path.LastIndexOf(separator) + 1);
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fileName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string GetDirectoryName(string fileName)
{
fileName = MakePathStandard(fileName);
return fileName.Substring(0, fileName.LastIndexOf('/'));
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string GetDirPath(this string absOrAssetsPath)
{
var name = absOrAssetsPath.Replace("\\", "/");
var lastIndex = name.LastIndexOf("/");
return name.Substring(0, lastIndex + 1);
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string GetLastDirName(this string absOrAssetsPath)
{
var name = absOrAssetsPath.Replace("\\", "/");
var dirs = name.Split('/');
return absOrAssetsPath.EndsWith("/") ? dirs[dirs.Length - 2] : dirs[dirs.Length - 1];
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static List<string> GetDirSubFilePathList(this string dirABSPath, bool isRecursive = true,
string suffix = "")
{
var pathList = new List<string>();
var di = new DirectoryInfo(dirABSPath);
if (!di.Exists)
{
return pathList;
}
var files = di.GetFiles();
foreach (var fi in files)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(suffix))
{
if (!fi.FullName.EndsWith(suffix, System.StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase))
{
continue;
}
}
pathList.Add(fi.FullName);
}
if (isRecursive)
{
var dirs = di.GetDirectories();
foreach (var d in dirs)
{
pathList.AddRange(GetDirSubFilePathList(d.FullName, isRecursive, suffix));
}
}
return pathList;
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static List<string> GetDirSubDirNameList(this string dirABSPath)
{
var di = new DirectoryInfo(dirABSPath);
var dirs = di.GetDirectories();
return dirs.Select(d => d.Name).ToList();
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void MakeDirectoryExist(string path)
{
if (!Directory.Exists(path))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
}
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void OpenFolder(string path)
{
#if UNITY_STANDALONE_OSX
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("open", path);
#elif UNITY_STANDALONE_WIN
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", path);
#endif
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string GetPathParentFolder(this string path)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(path))
{
return string.Empty;
}
return Path.GetDirectoryName(path);
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string CreateDirIfNotExists4FilePath(this string path)
{
var direct = path.GetPathParentFolder();
if (!Directory.Exists(direct))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(direct);
}
return path;
}
/// <summary>
///
/// <code>
/// var typeName = GenericExtention.GetTypeName<string>();
/// typeName.LogInfo(); // string
/// </code>
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static string GetTypeName<T>()
{
return typeof(T).ToString();
}
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static void DoIfNotNull<T>(this T selfObj, Action<T> action) where T : class
{
if (selfObj != null)
{
action(selfObj);
}
}
/// <summary>
///
///
///
/// <code>
/// if (this.Is(player))
/// {
/// ...
/// }
/// </code>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfObj"></param>
/// <param name="value"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete(" Object.Equals(A,B)please use Object.Equals() isntead", true)]
public static bool Is<T>(this T selfObj, T value)
{
return Equals(selfObj, value);
}
[Obsolete(" Object.Equals(A,B)please use Object.Equals() isntead", true)]
public static bool Is<T>(this T selfObj, Func<T, bool> condition)
{
return condition(selfObj);
}
/// <summary>
/// Action
///
/// :
/// <code>
/// (1 == 1).Do(()=>Debug.Log("1 == 1");
/// </code>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfCondition"></param>
/// <param name="action"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool Do(this bool selfCondition, Action action)
{
if (selfCondition)
{
action();
}
return selfCondition;
}
/// <summary>
/// Action
///
/// :
/// <code>
/// (1 == 1).Do((result)=>Debug.Log("1 == 1:" + result);
/// </code>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfCondition"></param>
/// <param name="action"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete("Do not used", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool Do(this bool selfCondition, Action<bool> action)
{
action(selfCondition);
return selfCondition;
}
/// <summary>
/// Func
///
/// :
/// <code>
/// Func<int> func = ()=> 1;
/// var number = func.InvokeGracefully(); // if (func != null) number = func();
/// </code>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfFunc"></param>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <returns></returns>
[Obsolete(" someFunc?.Invoke() , please use someFunc?.Invoke() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static T InvokeGracefully<T>(this Func<T> selfFunc)
{
return null != selfFunc ? selfFunc() : default(T);
}
/// <summary>
/// Action
///
/// :
/// <code>
/// System.Action action = () => Log.I("action called");
/// action.InvokeGracefully(); // if (action != null) action();
/// </code>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfAction"> action </param>
/// <returns> </returns>
[Obsolete(" someFunc?.Invoke() , please use someFunc?.Invoke() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool InvokeGracefully(this Action selfAction)
{
if (null != selfAction)
{
selfAction();
return true;
}
return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// Action<T>
///
/// :
/// <code>
/// System.Action<int> action = (number) => Log.I("action called" + number);
/// action.InvokeGracefully(10); // if (action != null) action(10);
/// </code>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfAction"> action </param>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <returns> </returns>
[Obsolete(" someFunc?.Invoke() , please use someFunc?.Invoke() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool InvokeGracefully<T>(this Action<T> selfAction, T t)
{
if (null != selfAction)
{
selfAction(t);
return true;
}
return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// Action<T,K>
///
///
/// <code>
/// System.Action<int,string> action = (number,name) => Log.I("action called" + number + name);
/// action.InvokeGracefully(10,"qframework"); // if (action != null) action(10,"qframework");
/// </code>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfAction"></param>
/// <returns> call succeed</returns>
[Obsolete(" someFunc?.Invoke() , please use someFunc?.Invoke() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool InvokeGracefully<T, K>(this Action<T, K> selfAction, T t, K k)
{
if (null != selfAction)
{
selfAction(t, k);
return true;
}
return false;
}
/// <summary>
///
///
///
/// <code>
/// // delegate
/// TestDelegate testDelegate = () => { };
/// testDelegate.InvokeGracefully();
/// </code>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="selfAction"></param>
/// <returns> call suceed </returns>
[Obsolete(" someFunc?.Invoke() , please use someFunc?.Invoke() instead", APIVersion.Force)]
public static bool InvokeGracefully(this Delegate selfAction, params object[] args)
{
if (null != selfAction)
{
selfAction.DynamicInvoke(args);
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
}
``` |
The 1964 Delaware State Hornets football team represented Delaware State College—now known as Delaware State University—as a member of the Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association (CIAA) in the 1964 NCAA College Division football season. Led by coach Roy D. Moore in his fifth and final season, the Hornets compiled a 3–7 record, 3–5 in their conference.
Schedule
References
Delaware State
Delaware State Hornets football seasons
Delaware State Hornets football |
```objective-c
//
//
#pragma once
//
// Include a bundled header-only copy of fmtlib or an external one.
// By default spdlog include its own copy.
//
#include <spdlog/tweakme.h>
#if defined(SPDLOG_USE_STD_FORMAT) // SPDLOG_USE_STD_FORMAT is defined - use std::format
#include <format>
#elif !defined(SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL)
#if !defined(SPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB) && !defined(FMT_HEADER_ONLY)
#define FMT_HEADER_ONLY
#endif
#ifndef FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
#define FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H 0
#endif
#include <spdlog/fmt/bundled/core.h>
#include <spdlog/fmt/bundled/format.h>
#else // SPDLOG_FMT_EXTERNAL is defined - use external fmtlib
#include <fmt/core.h>
#include <fmt/format.h>
#endif
``` |
```rust
//! Tests for time resource instrumentation.
//!
//! These tests ensure that the instrumentation for tokio
//! synchronization primitives is correct.
use std::time::Duration;
use tracing_mock::{expect, subscriber};
#[tokio::test]
async fn test_sleep_creates_span() {
let sleep_span = expect::span()
.named("runtime.resource")
.with_target("tokio::time::sleep");
let state_update = expect::event()
.with_target("runtime::resource::state_update")
.with_fields(
expect::field("duration")
.with_value(&(7_u64 + 1))
.and(expect::field("duration.op").with_value(&"override")),
);
let async_op_span = expect::span()
.named("runtime.resource.async_op")
.with_target("tokio::time::sleep");
let async_op_poll_span = expect::span()
.named("runtime.resource.async_op.poll")
.with_target("tokio::time::sleep");
let (subscriber, handle) = subscriber::mock()
.new_span(sleep_span.clone().with_explicit_parent(None))
.enter(sleep_span.clone())
.event(state_update)
.new_span(
async_op_span
.clone()
.with_contextual_parent(Some("runtime.resource"))
.with_field(expect::field("source").with_value(&"Sleep::new_timeout")),
)
.exit(sleep_span.clone())
.enter(async_op_span.clone())
.new_span(
async_op_poll_span
.clone()
.with_contextual_parent(Some("runtime.resource.async_op")),
)
.exit(async_op_span.clone())
.drop_span(async_op_span)
.drop_span(async_op_poll_span)
.drop_span(sleep_span)
.run_with_handle();
{
let _guard = tracing::subscriber::set_default(subscriber);
_ = tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(7));
}
handle.assert_finished();
}
``` |
```objective-c
/*************************************************
* Unicode Property Table handler *
*************************************************/
#ifndef _UCP_H
#define _UCP_H
/* This file contains definitions of the property values that are returned by
the UCD access macros. New values that are added for new releases of Unicode
should always be at the end of each enum, for backwards compatibility. */
/* These are the general character categories. */
#ifdef GLIB_COMPILATION
#include "gunicode.h"
#else
#include <glib.h>
#endif
enum {
ucp_C, /* Other */
ucp_L, /* Letter */
ucp_M, /* Mark */
ucp_N, /* Number */
ucp_P, /* Punctuation */
ucp_S, /* Symbol */
ucp_Z /* Separator */
};
/* These are the particular character types. */
enum {
ucp_Cc = G_UNICODE_CONTROL, /* Control */
ucp_Cf = G_UNICODE_FORMAT, /* Format */
ucp_Cn = G_UNICODE_UNASSIGNED, /* Unassigned */
ucp_Co = G_UNICODE_PRIVATE_USE, /* Private use */
ucp_Cs = G_UNICODE_SURROGATE, /* Surrogate */
ucp_Ll = G_UNICODE_LOWERCASE_LETTER, /* Lower case letter */
ucp_Lm = G_UNICODE_MODIFIER_LETTER, /* Modifier letter */
ucp_Lo = G_UNICODE_OTHER_LETTER, /* Other letter */
ucp_Lt = G_UNICODE_TITLECASE_LETTER, /* Title case letter */
ucp_Lu = G_UNICODE_UPPERCASE_LETTER, /* Upper case letter */
ucp_Mc = G_UNICODE_SPACING_MARK, /* Spacing mark */
ucp_Me = G_UNICODE_ENCLOSING_MARK, /* Enclosing mark */
ucp_Mn = G_UNICODE_NON_SPACING_MARK, /* Non-spacing mark */
ucp_Nd = G_UNICODE_DECIMAL_NUMBER, /* Decimal number */
ucp_Nl = G_UNICODE_LETTER_NUMBER, /* Letter number */
ucp_No = G_UNICODE_OTHER_NUMBER, /* Other number */
ucp_Pc = G_UNICODE_CONNECT_PUNCTUATION, /* Connector punctuation */
ucp_Pd = G_UNICODE_DASH_PUNCTUATION, /* Dash punctuation */
ucp_Pe = G_UNICODE_CLOSE_PUNCTUATION, /* Close punctuation */
ucp_Pf = G_UNICODE_FINAL_PUNCTUATION, /* Final punctuation */
ucp_Pi = G_UNICODE_INITIAL_PUNCTUATION, /* Initial punctuation */
ucp_Po = G_UNICODE_OTHER_PUNCTUATION, /* Other punctuation */
ucp_Ps = G_UNICODE_OPEN_PUNCTUATION, /* Open punctuation */
ucp_Sc = G_UNICODE_CURRENCY_SYMBOL, /* Currency symbol */
ucp_Sk = G_UNICODE_MODIFIER_SYMBOL, /* Modifier symbol */
ucp_Sm = G_UNICODE_MATH_SYMBOL, /* Mathematical symbol */
ucp_So = G_UNICODE_OTHER_SYMBOL, /* Other symbol */
ucp_Zl = G_UNICODE_LINE_SEPARATOR, /* Line separator */
ucp_Zp = G_UNICODE_PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR, /* Paragraph separator */
ucp_Zs = G_UNICODE_SPACE_SEPARATOR /* Space separator */
};
/* These are the script identifications. */
enum {
ucp_Common = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_COMMON,
ucp_Inherited = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_INHERITED,
ucp_Arabic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_ARABIC,
ucp_Armenian = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_ARMENIAN,
ucp_Bengali = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_BENGALI,
ucp_Bopomofo = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_BOPOMOFO,
ucp_Braille = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_BRAILLE,
ucp_Buginese = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_BUGINESE,
ucp_Buhid = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_BUHID,
ucp_Canadian_Aboriginal = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_CANADIAN_ABORIGINAL,
ucp_Cherokee = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_CHEROKEE,
ucp_Coptic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_COPTIC,
ucp_Cypriot = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_CYPRIOT,
ucp_Cyrillic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_CYRILLIC,
ucp_Deseret = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_DESERET,
ucp_Devanagari = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_DEVANAGARI,
ucp_Ethiopic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_ETHIOPIC,
ucp_Georgian = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_GEORGIAN,
ucp_Glagolitic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_GLAGOLITIC,
ucp_Gothic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_GOTHIC,
ucp_Greek = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_GREEK,
ucp_Gujarati = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_GUJARATI,
ucp_Gurmukhi = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_GURMUKHI,
ucp_Han = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_HAN,
ucp_Hangul = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_HANGUL,
ucp_Hanunoo = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_HANUNOO,
ucp_Hebrew = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_HEBREW,
ucp_Hiragana = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_HIRAGANA,
ucp_Kannada = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_KANNADA,
ucp_Katakana = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_KATAKANA,
ucp_Kharoshthi = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_KHAROSHTHI,
ucp_Khmer = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_KHMER,
ucp_Lao = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_LAO,
ucp_Latin = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_LATIN,
ucp_Limbu = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_LIMBU,
ucp_Linear_B = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_LINEAR_B,
ucp_Malayalam = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_MALAYALAM,
ucp_Mongolian = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_MONGOLIAN,
ucp_Myanmar = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_MYANMAR,
ucp_New_Tai_Lue = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_NEW_TAI_LUE,
ucp_Ogham = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_OGHAM,
ucp_Old_Italic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_OLD_ITALIC,
ucp_Old_Persian = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_OLD_PERSIAN,
ucp_Oriya = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_ORIYA,
ucp_Osmanya = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_OSMANYA,
ucp_Runic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_RUNIC,
ucp_Shavian = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_SHAVIAN,
ucp_Sinhala = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_SINHALA,
ucp_Syloti_Nagri = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_SYLOTI_NAGRI,
ucp_Syriac = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_SYRIAC,
ucp_Tagalog = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_TAGALOG,
ucp_Tagbanwa = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_TAGBANWA,
ucp_Tai_Le = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_TAI_LE,
ucp_Tamil = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_TAMIL,
ucp_Telugu = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_TELUGU,
ucp_Thaana = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_THAANA,
ucp_Thai = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_THAI,
ucp_Tibetan = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_TIBETAN,
ucp_Tifinagh = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_TIFINAGH,
ucp_Ugaritic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_UGARITIC,
ucp_Yi = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_YI,
/* New for Unicode 5.0: */
ucp_Balinese = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_BALINESE,
ucp_Cuneiform = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_CUNEIFORM,
ucp_Nko = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_NKO,
ucp_Phags_Pa = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_PHAGS_PA,
ucp_Phoenician = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_PHOENICIAN,
/* New for Unicode 5.1: */
ucp_Carian = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_CARIAN,
ucp_Cham = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_CHAM,
ucp_Kayah_Li = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_KAYAH_LI,
ucp_Lepcha = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_LEPCHA,
ucp_Lycian = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_LYCIAN,
ucp_Lydian = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_LYDIAN,
ucp_Ol_Chiki = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_OL_CHIKI,
ucp_Rejang = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_REJANG,
ucp_Saurashtra = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_SAURASHTRA,
ucp_Sundanese = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_SUNDANESE,
ucp_Vai = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_VAI,
/* New for Unicode 5.2: */
ucp_Avestan = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_AVESTAN,
ucp_Bamum = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_BAMUM,
ucp_Egyptian_Hieroglyphs = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_EGYPTIAN_HIEROGLYPHS,
ucp_Imperial_Aramaic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_IMPERIAL_ARAMAIC,
ucp_Inscriptional_Pahlavi = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_INSCRIPTIONAL_PAHLAVI,
ucp_Inscriptional_Parthian = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_INSCRIPTIONAL_PARTHIAN,
ucp_Javanese = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_JAVANESE,
ucp_Kaithi = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_KAITHI,
ucp_Lisu = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_LISU,
ucp_Meetei_Mayek = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_MEETEI_MAYEK,
ucp_Old_South_Arabian = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_OLD_SOUTH_ARABIAN,
ucp_Old_Turkic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_OLD_TURKIC,
ucp_Samaritan = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_SAMARITAN,
ucp_Tai_Tham = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_TAI_THAM,
ucp_Tai_Viet = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_TAI_VIET,
/* New for Unicode 6.0.0: */
ucp_Batak = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_BATAK,
ucp_Brahmi = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_BRAHMI,
ucp_Mandaic = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_MANDAIC,
/* New for Unicode 6.1.0: */
ucp_Chakma = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_CHAKMA,
ucp_Meroitic_Cursive = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_MEROITIC_CURSIVE,
ucp_Meroitic_Hieroglyphs = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_MEROITIC_HIEROGLYPHS,
ucp_Miao = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_MIAO,
ucp_Sharada = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_SHARADA,
ucp_Sora_Sompeng = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_SORA_SOMPENG,
ucp_Takri = G_UNICODE_SCRIPT_TAKRI,
};
#endif
/* End of ucp.h */
``` |
```objective-c
/* $OpenBSD: fdpass.h,v 1.4 2021/11/01 14:43:25 ratchov Exp $ */
/*
*
* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
* purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
* copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
* WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
* ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
* WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
* ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
* OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
*/
#ifndef FDPASS_H
#define FDPASS_H
struct fileops;
struct fdpass *fdpass_new(int sock, struct fileops *ops);
void fdpass_close(struct fdpass *f);
extern struct fileops worker_fileops, helper_fileops;
extern struct fdpass *fdpass_peer;
struct sio_hdl *fdpass_sio_open(int, unsigned int);
struct mio_hdl *fdpass_mio_open(int, unsigned int);
struct sioctl_hdl *fdpass_sioctl_open(int, unsigned int);
#endif /* !defined(FDPASS_H) */
``` |
```go
//
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
package calc
import (
"fmt"
"sync"
v3 "github.com/projectcalico/calico/libcalico-go/lib/apis/v3"
"github.com/projectcalico/calico/libcalico-go/lib/backend/api"
"github.com/projectcalico/calico/libcalico-go/lib/backend/model"
)
func NewNodeCounter(sink api.SyncerCallbacks) *NodeCounter {
return &NodeCounter{
sink: sink,
nodeMap: map[string]bool{},
}
}
type NodeCounter struct {
sync.Mutex
sink api.SyncerCallbacks
inSync bool
nodeMap map[string]bool
}
func (c *NodeCounter) OnStatusUpdated(status api.SyncStatus) {
if status == api.InSync {
c.Lock()
c.inSync = true
c.Unlock()
}
c.sink.OnStatusUpdated(status)
}
func (c *NodeCounter) OnUpdates(updates []api.Update) {
for _, update := range updates {
switch k := update.Key.(type) {
case model.ResourceKey:
if k.Kind == v3.KindNode {
name := k.Name
switch update.UpdateType {
case api.UpdateTypeKVNew:
c.setNode(name)
case api.UpdateTypeKVDeleted:
c.deleteNode(name)
}
}
}
}
c.sink.OnUpdates(updates)
}
func (c *NodeCounter) GetNumNodes() (int, error) {
c.Lock()
defer c.Unlock()
if !c.inSync {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("Node counter not yet in sync")
}
return len(c.nodeMap), nil
}
func (c *NodeCounter) setNode(node string) {
c.Lock()
defer c.Unlock()
c.nodeMap[node] = true
}
func (c *NodeCounter) deleteNode(node string) {
c.Lock()
defer c.Unlock()
delete(c.nodeMap, node)
}
``` |
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