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Count Dracula's Great Love (Spanish: El gran amor del conde Drácula) is a 1973 Spanish film directed by Javier Aguirre, and starring Paul Naschy as Count Dracula. The film also features Rosanna Yanni, Haydee Politoff (whom Naschy did not like working with), Mirta Miller and Ingrid Garbo.
The film was shot in 1972, but took about a year to be released anywhere. It first premiered in April 1973 at the Paris Festival of Fantastic Films, along with Naschy's Hunchback of the Morgue, and then was released in Spain on May 12, 1973. It was released to U.S. theaters in March 1974 as Dracula's Great Love (on a double bill with The Vampires' Night Orgy), then re-released later in 1979 by Motion Picture Marketing under the title Cemetery Girls (the poster emphasizing the film's adult content and indicating nothing of its star Paul Naschy or Spanish origin). Contrary to some sources, this film was never released under the titles Vampire Playgirls or Graveyard Tramps; these were other films retitled by MPM which were often paired with Cemetery Girls in drive-ins.
The film was released (heavily edited) in the U.K. on August 8, 1974 as Dracula's Virgin Lovers, double-billed with Venom (aka The Legend of Spider Forest). The running time in England was cut from 83 minutes to only 66 minutes. The film was released in Italy as The Diabolical Loves of Nosferatu, in Thailand as Virgin Lovers, and in Mexico as The Orgy of Dracula.
The film has been released uncut on Blu-ray from Vinegar Syndrome, and can finally be seen in its original, uncensored form after all these years.
Plot
Count Dracula's Great Love opens outside a creepy old sanitorium in the Carpathian Mountains as two delivery men arrive with a large, heavy man-shaped crate. The owner, Doctor Wendell Marlowe (Paul Naschy), has just purchased the sanitorium, but has not yet moved in. Realizing that these rich castle-owning types have money and jewels just lying around, they decide to wander about and see if there is anything they can steal. One is struck in the head with an ax and the other gets his throat ripped out by a man in a black cape with velvet lining.
Meanwhile, a stagecoach loaded with four beautiful young women - Karen (Haydee Politoff), Senta (Rosanna Yanni), Marlene (Ingrid Garbo), and Elke (Mirta Miller) and their friend Imre Polvi (Vic Winner), a strapping young male, loses a carriage wheel while traveling through the infamous Borgo Pass. When the stagecoach driver is killed in a freak accident, the five passengers seek shelter from an oncoming storm in the nearby sanitorium, where they are welcomed by Doctor Marlowe. Their host invites them into his home and lets them stay for as long as they need to.
Of course, Marlowe is really Count Dracula. It is not before long that the new guests are bitten one by one, composing Dracula's new army of the undead - save for the virginal Karen. Dracula seeks the rebirth of his daughter Radna and in order to bring about her resurrection, Dracula must complete a blood ritual and convince Karen to voluntarily join him as his immortal bride in eternal darkness.
He seduces all of the girls but Karen, and then chains them in his dungeon. At the end of the film, he kills them by exposing them to sunlight. When he seduces Karen, he knows he has found true love. He tells Karen that he loves her and he cannot let her become one of the living dead. So he commits suicide by thrusting a wooden stake into his own heart and before he dies, he utters her name.
Cast
Paul Naschy dual role as Count Dracula / Dr. Wendell Marlowe
Rosanna Yanni as Senta
Haydée Politoff as Karen
Mirta Miller as Elke
Ingrid Garbo as Marlene
Víctor Alcázar as Imre Polvi
José Manuel Martín as 1st hired hand
Álvaro de Luna as 2nd hired hand
Julia Peña as peasant woman
Susana Latour as victim in Karen's dream - image in negative
Loreta Tovar - female victim in bed
Benito Pavón
Leandro San José
Production
The shoot was plagued with problems. A car accident on a windy mountain road resulted in a head injury for Haydee Politoff, crew members were injured when some scenery collapsed on them, and a chemical used in the special effects scenes turned out to be toxic and seriously sickened both Ingrid Garbo and Mirta Miller. While Politoff recovered from her head injury, Naschy and Aguirre temporarily halted all work on the film and in the meantime commenced work on their next project together, The Hunchback of the Morgue. By the time she was back at work they had completely finished filming Hunchback, and immediately returned to work on Count Dracula.
The underground cellars in the film were shot in an old bunker under the Parque de el Capricho in Madrid, which used to serve as the headquarters for the Republican Army during the Spanish Civil War.
References
External links
1974 films
Spanish horror films
Spanish vampire films
1970s Spanish-language films
1974 horror films
Films scored by Carmelo Bernaola
Dracula films
Films set in castles
1970s Spanish films |
The Select Committee to Investigate Alleged Corruptions in Government was a select committee of the United States House of Representatives which operated during the spring and summer of 1860 during the 36th Congress. The committee was charged with a broad investigation of the administration of President James Buchanan, including possible impeachment, effectively making it an impeachment inquiry. It was also referred to as the Covode Committee after its chairman, John Covode of Pennsylvania.
History and jurisdiction
The committee was established March 5, 1860, when the House adopted a resolution offered by John Covode, which was adopted by a vote of 115 to 45.
Resolved, That a committee of five members be appointed by the Speaker for the purpose of investigating whether the President of the United States, or any other officer of the government, has, by money, patronage, or other improper means, sought to influence the action of Congress, or any committees thereof, for or against the passage of any law appertaining to the rights of any State or Territory; and also to inquire into and investigate whether any officer or officers of the government have, by combination or otherwise, prevented and defeated, or attempted to prevent or defeat, the execution of any law or laws now on the statute-books; and whether the President has failed or refused to compel the execution of any law thereof; that said committee shall investigate and inquire into the abuse at the Chicago or other post offices, and at the Philadelphia and other navy yards, and into any abuses in connection with the public buildings, and other public works of the United States.
Resolved, further, That as the President, in his letter to the Pittsburgh centenary celebration of the 25th November, 1858, speaks of "the employment of money to carry elections," said committee shall inquire into and ascertain the amount so used in Pennsylvania, and any other State or States, in what districts it was expended, and by whom, and by whose authority it was done, and from what sources the money was derived, and report the names of the parties implicated; and for the purpose aforesaid, said committee shall have power to send for persons and papers, and to report at any time.
While it was for the most part a partisan attempt (as the committee consisted of three Republicans and one Democrat) to embarrass the beleaguered president, the committee was surprisingly successful at rooting out fearsome amounts of corruption, treason and incompetence. The committee was terminated upon submitting its final report on June 16, 1860.
In the end, the committee found that Buchanan had not done anything to warrant impeachment, but that his was the most corrupt administration since the adoption of the US Constitution in 1789.
Criticism
Buchanan sent at least two formal messages to Congress complaining that Covode and company were making vague accusations which were too broad and far-reaching to allow the accused to exercise his Constitutional right to prepare a defense or cross-examine witnesses, but was intended merely as a secret inquisition and one-sided smear campaign, compiled from a large pool of unsuccessful applicants for coveted government jobs. Buchanan formally objected in writing that this type of committee set a dangerous precedent that threatened to undermine the independence of the office of the president, rendering it answerable not to the people who elected him, but to the Congress.
In one of them he said:
I do, therefore,... solemnly protest against these proceedings of the House of Representatives, because they are in violation of the rights of the coordinate executive branch of the Government, and subversive of its constitutional independence; because they are calculated to foster a band of interested parasites and informers, ever ready, for their own advantage, to swear before ex parte committees to pretended private conversations between the President and themselves, incapable, from their nature, of being disproved; thus furnishing material for harassing him, degrading him in the eyes of the country...
References
External links
"The Covode Investigation", U.S. House Report 648, 36th Congress, 1st session, June 16, 1860 (838 pages)
Covode
Presidency of James Buchanan
House Select Committee to Investigate Alleged Corruptions in Government
Alleged Corruptions in Government
United States federal impeachment |
```smalltalk
// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
namespace Microsoft.NET.Build.Tasks.ConflictResolution
{
class PackageRank
{
private Dictionary<string, int> packageRanks;
public PackageRank(string[] packageIds)
{
var numPackages = packageIds?.Length ?? 0;
// cache ranks for fast lookup
packageRanks = new Dictionary<string, int>(numPackages, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
for (int i = numPackages - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
var preferredPackageId = packageIds[i].Trim();
if (preferredPackageId.Length != 0)
{
// overwrite any duplicates, lowest rank will win.
packageRanks[preferredPackageId] = i;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Get's the rank of a package, lower packages are preferred
/// </summary>
/// <param name="packageId">id of package</param>
/// <returns>rank of package</returns>
public int GetPackageRank(string packageId)
{
int rank;
if (packageId != null && packageRanks.TryGetValue(packageId, out rank))
{
return rank;
}
return int.MaxValue;
}
}
}
``` |
```go
package migrations
import (
"context"
"database/sql"
"github.com/pressly/goose/v3"
)
func init() {
goose.AddMigrationContext(Up20200419222708, Down20200419222708)
}
func Up20200419222708(_ context.Context, tx *sql.Tx) error {
notice(tx, "A full rescan will be performed to change the search behaviour")
return forceFullRescan(tx)
}
func Down20200419222708(_ context.Context, tx *sql.Tx) error {
return nil
}
``` |
```javascript
'use strict'
var http = require('http')
, https = require('https')
, url = require('url')
, util = require('util')
, stream = require('stream')
, zlib = require('zlib')
, bl = require('bl')
, hawk = require('hawk')
, aws = require('aws-sign2')
, httpSignature = require('http-signature')
, mime = require('mime-types')
, stringstream = require('stringstream')
, caseless = require('caseless')
, ForeverAgent = require('forever-agent')
, FormData = require('form-data')
, helpers = require('./lib/helpers')
, cookies = require('./lib/cookies')
, getProxyFromURI = require('./lib/getProxyFromURI')
, Querystring = require('./lib/querystring').Querystring
, Har = require('./lib/har').Har
, Auth = require('./lib/auth').Auth
, OAuth = require('./lib/oauth').OAuth
, Multipart = require('./lib/multipart').Multipart
, Redirect = require('./lib/redirect').Redirect
, Tunnel = require('./lib/tunnel').Tunnel
var safeStringify = helpers.safeStringify
, isReadStream = helpers.isReadStream
, toBase64 = helpers.toBase64
, defer = helpers.defer
, copy = helpers.copy
, version = helpers.version
, globalCookieJar = cookies.jar()
var globalPool = {}
function filterForNonReserved(reserved, options) {
// Filter out properties that are not reserved.
// Reserved values are passed in at call site.
var object = {}
for (var i in options) {
var notReserved = (reserved.indexOf(i) === -1)
if (notReserved) {
object[i] = options[i]
}
}
return object
}
function filterOutReservedFunctions(reserved, options) {
// Filter out properties that are functions and are reserved.
// Reserved values are passed in at call site.
var object = {}
for (var i in options) {
var isReserved = !(reserved.indexOf(i) === -1)
var isFunction = (typeof options[i] === 'function')
if (!(isReserved && isFunction)) {
object[i] = options[i]
}
}
return object
}
// Function for properly handling a connection error
function connectionErrorHandler(error) {
var socket = this
if (socket.res) {
if (socket.res.request) {
socket.res.request.emit('error', error)
} else {
socket.res.emit('error', error)
}
} else {
socket._httpMessage.emit('error', error)
}
}
// Return a simpler request object to allow serialization
function requestToJSON() {
var self = this
return {
uri: self.uri,
method: self.method,
headers: self.headers
}
}
// Return a simpler response object to allow serialization
function responseToJSON() {
var self = this
return {
statusCode: self.statusCode,
body: self.body,
headers: self.headers,
request: requestToJSON.call(self.request)
}
}
function Request (options) {
// if given the method property in options, set property explicitMethod to true
// extend the Request instance with any non-reserved properties
// remove any reserved functions from the options object
// set Request instance to be readable and writable
// call init
var self = this
// start with HAR, then override with additional options
if (options.har) {
self._har = new Har(self)
options = self._har.options(options)
}
stream.Stream.call(self)
var reserved = Object.keys(Request.prototype)
var nonReserved = filterForNonReserved(reserved, options)
stream.Stream.call(self)
util._extend(self, nonReserved)
options = filterOutReservedFunctions(reserved, options)
self.readable = true
self.writable = true
if (options.method) {
self.explicitMethod = true
}
self._qs = new Querystring(self)
self._auth = new Auth(self)
self._oauth = new OAuth(self)
self._multipart = new Multipart(self)
self._redirect = new Redirect(self)
self._tunnel = new Tunnel(self)
self.init(options)
}
util.inherits(Request, stream.Stream)
// Debugging
Request.debug = process.env.NODE_DEBUG && /\brequest\b/.test(process.env.NODE_DEBUG)
function debug() {
if (Request.debug) {
console.error('REQUEST %s', util.format.apply(util, arguments))
}
}
Request.prototype.debug = debug
Request.prototype.init = function (options) {
// init() contains all the code to setup the request object.
// the actual outgoing request is not started until start() is called
// this function is called from both the constructor and on redirect.
var self = this
if (!options) {
options = {}
}
self.headers = self.headers ? copy(self.headers) : {}
// Delete headers with value undefined since they break
// ClientRequest.OutgoingMessage.setHeader in node 0.12
for (var headerName in self.headers) {
if (typeof self.headers[headerName] === 'undefined') {
delete self.headers[headerName]
}
}
caseless.httpify(self, self.headers)
if (!self.method) {
self.method = options.method || 'GET'
}
if (!self.localAddress) {
self.localAddress = options.localAddress
}
self._qs.init(options)
debug(options)
if (!self.pool && self.pool !== false) {
self.pool = globalPool
}
self.dests = self.dests || []
self.__isRequestRequest = true
// Protect against double callback
if (!self._callback && self.callback) {
self._callback = self.callback
self.callback = function () {
if (self._callbackCalled) {
return // Print a warning maybe?
}
self._callbackCalled = true
self._callback.apply(self, arguments)
}
self.on('error', self.callback.bind())
self.on('complete', self.callback.bind(self, null))
}
// People use this property instead all the time, so support it
if (!self.uri && self.url) {
self.uri = self.url
delete self.url
}
// If there's a baseUrl, then use it as the base URL (i.e. uri must be
// specified as a relative path and is appended to baseUrl).
if (self.baseUrl) {
if (typeof self.baseUrl !== 'string') {
return self.emit('error', new Error('options.baseUrl must be a string'))
}
if (typeof self.uri !== 'string') {
return self.emit('error', new Error('options.uri must be a string when using options.baseUrl'))
}
if (self.uri.indexOf('//') === 0 || self.uri.indexOf('://') !== -1) {
return self.emit('error', new Error('options.uri must be a path when using options.baseUrl'))
}
// Handle all cases to make sure that there's only one slash between
// baseUrl and uri.
var baseUrlEndsWithSlash = self.baseUrl.lastIndexOf('/') === self.baseUrl.length - 1
var uriStartsWithSlash = self.uri.indexOf('/') === 0
if (baseUrlEndsWithSlash && uriStartsWithSlash) {
self.uri = self.baseUrl + self.uri.slice(1)
} else if (baseUrlEndsWithSlash || uriStartsWithSlash) {
self.uri = self.baseUrl + self.uri
} else if (self.uri === '') {
self.uri = self.baseUrl
} else {
self.uri = self.baseUrl + '/' + self.uri
}
delete self.baseUrl
}
// A URI is needed by this point, emit error if we haven't been able to get one
if (!self.uri) {
return self.emit('error', new Error('options.uri is a required argument'))
}
// If a string URI/URL was given, parse it into a URL object
if (typeof self.uri === 'string') {
self.uri = url.parse(self.uri)
}
// DEPRECATED: Warning for users of the old Unix Sockets URL Scheme
if (self.uri.protocol === 'unix:') {
return self.emit('error', new Error('`unix://` URL scheme is no longer supported. Please use the format `path_to_url`'))
}
// Support Unix Sockets
if (self.uri.host === 'unix') {
self.enableUnixSocket()
}
if (self.strictSSL === false) {
self.rejectUnauthorized = false
}
if (!self.uri.pathname) {self.uri.pathname = '/'}
if (!(self.uri.host || (self.uri.hostname && self.uri.port)) && !self.uri.isUnix) {
// Invalid URI: it may generate lot of bad errors, like 'TypeError: Cannot call method `indexOf` of undefined' in CookieJar
// Detect and reject it as soon as possible
var faultyUri = url.format(self.uri)
var message = 'Invalid URI "' + faultyUri + '"'
if (Object.keys(options).length === 0) {
// No option ? This can be the sign of a redirect
// As this is a case where the user cannot do anything (they didn't call request directly with this URL)
// they should be warned that it can be caused by a redirection (can save some hair)
message += '. This can be caused by a crappy redirection.'
}
// This error was fatal
return self.emit('error', new Error(message))
}
if (!self.hasOwnProperty('proxy')) {
self.proxy = getProxyFromURI(self.uri)
}
self.tunnel = self._tunnel.isEnabled(options)
if (self.proxy) {
self._tunnel.setup(options)
}
self._redirect.onRequest(options)
self.setHost = false
if (!self.hasHeader('host')) {
var hostHeaderName = self.originalHostHeaderName || 'host'
self.setHeader(hostHeaderName, self.uri.hostname)
if (self.uri.port) {
if ( !(self.uri.port === 80 && self.uri.protocol === 'http:') &&
!(self.uri.port === 443 && self.uri.protocol === 'https:') ) {
self.setHeader(hostHeaderName, self.getHeader('host') + (':' + self.uri.port) )
}
}
self.setHost = true
}
self.jar(self._jar || options.jar)
if (!self.uri.port) {
if (self.uri.protocol === 'http:') {self.uri.port = 80}
else if (self.uri.protocol === 'https:') {self.uri.port = 443}
}
if (self.proxy && !self.tunnel) {
self.port = self.proxy.port
self.host = self.proxy.hostname
} else {
self.port = self.uri.port
self.host = self.uri.hostname
}
if (options.form) {
self.form(options.form)
}
if (options.formData) {
var formData = options.formData
var requestForm = self.form()
var appendFormValue = function (key, value) {
if (value.hasOwnProperty('value') && value.hasOwnProperty('options')) {
requestForm.append(key, value.value, value.options)
} else {
requestForm.append(key, value)
}
}
for (var formKey in formData) {
if (formData.hasOwnProperty(formKey)) {
var formValue = formData[formKey]
if (formValue instanceof Array) {
for (var j = 0; j < formValue.length; j++) {
appendFormValue(formKey, formValue[j])
}
} else {
appendFormValue(formKey, formValue)
}
}
}
}
if (options.qs) {
self.qs(options.qs)
}
if (self.uri.path) {
self.path = self.uri.path
} else {
self.path = self.uri.pathname + (self.uri.search || '')
}
if (self.path.length === 0) {
self.path = '/'
}
// Auth must happen last in case signing is dependent on other headers
if (options.aws) {
self.aws(options.aws)
}
if (options.hawk) {
self.hawk(options.hawk)
}
if (options.httpSignature) {
self.httpSignature(options.httpSignature)
}
if (options.auth) {
if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(options.auth, 'username')) {
options.auth.user = options.auth.username
}
if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(options.auth, 'password')) {
options.auth.pass = options.auth.password
}
self.auth(
options.auth.user,
options.auth.pass,
options.auth.sendImmediately,
options.auth.bearer
)
}
if (self.gzip && !self.hasHeader('accept-encoding')) {
self.setHeader('accept-encoding', 'gzip')
}
if (self.uri.auth && !self.hasHeader('authorization')) {
var uriAuthPieces = self.uri.auth.split(':').map(function(item) {return self._qs.unescape(item)})
self.auth(uriAuthPieces[0], uriAuthPieces.slice(1).join(':'), true)
}
if (!self.tunnel && self.proxy && self.proxy.auth && !self.hasHeader('proxy-authorization')) {
var proxyAuthPieces = self.proxy.auth.split(':').map(function(item) {return self._qs.unescape(item)})
var authHeader = 'Basic ' + toBase64(proxyAuthPieces.join(':'))
self.setHeader('proxy-authorization', authHeader)
}
if (self.proxy && !self.tunnel) {
self.path = (self.uri.protocol + '//' + self.uri.host + self.path)
}
if (options.json) {
self.json(options.json)
}
if (options.multipart) {
self.multipart(options.multipart)
}
if (options.time) {
self.timing = true
self.elapsedTime = self.elapsedTime || 0
}
function setContentLength () {
if (!self.hasHeader('content-length')) {
var length
if (typeof self.body === 'string') {
length = Buffer.byteLength(self.body)
}
else if (Array.isArray(self.body)) {
length = self.body.reduce(function (a, b) {return a + b.length}, 0)
}
else {
length = self.body.length
}
if (length) {
self.setHeader('content-length', length)
} else {
self.emit('error', new Error('Argument error, options.body.'))
}
}
}
if (self.body) {
setContentLength()
}
if (options.oauth) {
self.oauth(options.oauth)
} else if (self._oauth.params && self.hasHeader('authorization')) {
self.oauth(self._oauth.params)
}
var protocol = self.proxy && !self.tunnel ? self.proxy.protocol : self.uri.protocol
, defaultModules = {'http:':http, 'https:':https}
, httpModules = self.httpModules || {}
self.httpModule = httpModules[protocol] || defaultModules[protocol]
if (!self.httpModule) {
return self.emit('error', new Error('Invalid protocol: ' + protocol))
}
if (options.ca) {
self.ca = options.ca
}
if (!self.agent) {
if (options.agentOptions) {
self.agentOptions = options.agentOptions
}
if (options.agentClass) {
self.agentClass = options.agentClass
} else if (options.forever) {
var v = version()
// use ForeverAgent in node 0.10- only
if (v.major === 0 && v.minor <= 10) {
self.agentClass = protocol === 'http:' ? ForeverAgent : ForeverAgent.SSL
} else {
self.agentClass = self.httpModule.Agent
self.agentOptions = self.agentOptions || {}
self.agentOptions.keepAlive = true
}
} else {
self.agentClass = self.httpModule.Agent
}
}
if (self.pool === false) {
self.agent = false
} else {
self.agent = self.agent || self.getNewAgent()
}
self.on('pipe', function (src) {
if (self.ntick && self._started) {
self.emit('error', new Error('You cannot pipe to this stream after the outbound request has started.'))
}
self.src = src
if (isReadStream(src)) {
if (!self.hasHeader('content-type')) {
self.setHeader('content-type', mime.lookup(src.path))
}
} else {
if (src.headers) {
for (var i in src.headers) {
if (!self.hasHeader(i)) {
self.setHeader(i, src.headers[i])
}
}
}
if (self._json && !self.hasHeader('content-type')) {
self.setHeader('content-type', 'application/json')
}
if (src.method && !self.explicitMethod) {
self.method = src.method
}
}
// self.on('pipe', function () {
// console.error('You have already piped to this stream. Pipeing twice is likely to break the request.')
// })
})
defer(function () {
if (self._aborted) {
return
}
var end = function () {
if (self._form) {
if (!self._auth.hasAuth) {
self._form.pipe(self)
}
else if (self._auth.hasAuth && self._auth.sentAuth) {
self._form.pipe(self)
}
}
if (self._multipart && self._multipart.chunked) {
self._multipart.body.pipe(self)
}
if (self.body) {
setContentLength()
if (Array.isArray(self.body)) {
self.body.forEach(function (part) {
self.write(part)
})
} else {
self.write(self.body)
}
self.end()
} else if (self.requestBodyStream) {
console.warn('options.requestBodyStream is deprecated, please pass the request object to stream.pipe.')
self.requestBodyStream.pipe(self)
} else if (!self.src) {
if (self._auth.hasAuth && !self._auth.sentAuth) {
self.end()
return
}
if (self.method !== 'GET' && typeof self.method !== 'undefined') {
self.setHeader('content-length', 0)
}
self.end()
}
}
if (self._form && !self.hasHeader('content-length')) {
// Before ending the request, we had to compute the length of the whole form, asyncly
self.setHeader(self._form.getHeaders(), true)
self._form.getLength(function (err, length) {
if (!err) {
self.setHeader('content-length', length)
}
end()
})
} else {
end()
}
self.ntick = true
})
}
// Must call this when following a redirect from https to http or vice versa
// Attempts to keep everything as identical as possible, but update the
// httpModule, Tunneling agent, and/or Forever Agent in use.
Request.prototype._updateProtocol = function () {
var self = this
var protocol = self.uri.protocol
if (protocol === 'https:' || self.tunnel) {
// previously was doing http, now doing https
// if it's https, then we might need to tunnel now.
if (self.proxy) {
if (self._tunnel.setup()) {
return
}
}
self.httpModule = https
switch (self.agentClass) {
case ForeverAgent:
self.agentClass = ForeverAgent.SSL
break
case http.Agent:
self.agentClass = https.Agent
break
default:
// nothing we can do. Just hope for the best.
return
}
// if there's an agent, we need to get a new one.
if (self.agent) {
self.agent = self.getNewAgent()
}
} else {
// previously was doing https, now doing http
self.httpModule = http
switch (self.agentClass) {
case ForeverAgent.SSL:
self.agentClass = ForeverAgent
break
case https.Agent:
self.agentClass = http.Agent
break
default:
// nothing we can do. just hope for the best
return
}
// if there's an agent, then get a new one.
if (self.agent) {
self.agent = null
self.agent = self.getNewAgent()
}
}
}
Request.prototype.getNewAgent = function () {
var self = this
var Agent = self.agentClass
var options = {}
if (self.agentOptions) {
for (var i in self.agentOptions) {
options[i] = self.agentOptions[i]
}
}
if (self.ca) {
options.ca = self.ca
}
if (self.ciphers) {
options.ciphers = self.ciphers
}
if (self.secureProtocol) {
options.secureProtocol = self.secureProtocol
}
if (self.secureOptions) {
options.secureOptions = self.secureOptions
}
if (typeof self.rejectUnauthorized !== 'undefined') {
options.rejectUnauthorized = self.rejectUnauthorized
}
if (self.cert && self.key) {
options.key = self.key
options.cert = self.cert
}
if (self.pfx) {
options.pfx = self.pfx
}
if (self.passphrase) {
options.passphrase = self.passphrase
}
var poolKey = ''
// different types of agents are in different pools
if (Agent !== self.httpModule.Agent) {
poolKey += Agent.name
}
// ca option is only relevant if proxy or destination are https
var proxy = self.proxy
if (typeof proxy === 'string') {
proxy = url.parse(proxy)
}
var isHttps = (proxy && proxy.protocol === 'https:') || this.uri.protocol === 'https:'
if (isHttps) {
if (options.ca) {
if (poolKey) {
poolKey += ':'
}
poolKey += options.ca
}
if (typeof options.rejectUnauthorized !== 'undefined') {
if (poolKey) {
poolKey += ':'
}
poolKey += options.rejectUnauthorized
}
if (options.cert) {
if (poolKey) {
poolKey += ':'
}
poolKey += options.cert.toString('ascii') + options.key.toString('ascii')
}
if (options.pfx) {
if (poolKey) {
poolKey += ':'
}
poolKey += options.pfx.toString('ascii')
}
if (options.ciphers) {
if (poolKey) {
poolKey += ':'
}
poolKey += options.ciphers
}
if (options.secureProtocol) {
if (poolKey) {
poolKey += ':'
}
poolKey += options.secureProtocol
}
if (options.secureOptions) {
if (poolKey) {
poolKey += ':'
}
poolKey += options.secureOptions
}
}
if (self.pool === globalPool && !poolKey && Object.keys(options).length === 0 && self.httpModule.globalAgent) {
// not doing anything special. Use the globalAgent
return self.httpModule.globalAgent
}
// we're using a stored agent. Make sure it's protocol-specific
poolKey = self.uri.protocol + poolKey
// generate a new agent for this setting if none yet exists
if (!self.pool[poolKey]) {
self.pool[poolKey] = new Agent(options)
// properly set maxSockets on new agents
if (self.pool.maxSockets) {
self.pool[poolKey].maxSockets = self.pool.maxSockets
}
}
return self.pool[poolKey]
}
Request.prototype.start = function () {
// start() is called once we are ready to send the outgoing HTTP request.
// this is usually called on the first write(), end() or on nextTick()
var self = this
if (self._aborted) {
return
}
self._started = true
self.method = self.method || 'GET'
self.href = self.uri.href
if (self.src && self.src.stat && self.src.stat.size && !self.hasHeader('content-length')) {
self.setHeader('content-length', self.src.stat.size)
}
if (self._aws) {
self.aws(self._aws, true)
}
// We have a method named auth, which is completely different from the http.request
// auth option. If we don't remove it, we're gonna have a bad time.
var reqOptions = copy(self)
delete reqOptions.auth
debug('make request', self.uri.href)
self.req = self.httpModule.request(reqOptions)
if (self.timing) {
self.startTime = new Date().getTime()
}
if (self.timeout && !self.timeoutTimer) {
var timeout = self.timeout < 0 ? 0 : self.timeout
// Set a timeout in memory - this block will throw if the server takes more
// than `timeout` to write the HTTP status and headers (corresponding to
// the on('response') event on the client). NB: this measures wall-clock
// time, not the time between bytes sent by the server.
self.timeoutTimer = setTimeout(function () {
var connectTimeout = self.req.socket && self.req.socket.readable === false
self.abort()
var e = new Error('ETIMEDOUT')
e.code = 'ETIMEDOUT'
e.connect = connectTimeout
self.emit('error', e)
}, timeout)
if (self.req.setTimeout) { // only works on node 0.6+
// Set an additional timeout on the socket, via the `setsockopt` syscall.
// This timeout sets the amount of time to wait *between* bytes sent
// from the server, and may or may not correspond to the wall-clock time
// elapsed from the start of the request.
//
// In particular, it's useful for erroring if the server fails to send
// data halfway through streaming a response.
self.req.setTimeout(timeout, function () {
if (self.req) {
self.req.abort()
var e = new Error('ESOCKETTIMEDOUT')
e.code = 'ESOCKETTIMEDOUT'
e.connect = false
self.emit('error', e)
}
})
}
}
self.req.on('response', self.onRequestResponse.bind(self))
self.req.on('error', self.onRequestError.bind(self))
self.req.on('drain', function() {
self.emit('drain')
})
self.req.on('socket', function(socket) {
self.emit('socket', socket)
})
self.on('end', function() {
if ( self.req.connection ) {
self.req.connection.removeListener('error', connectionErrorHandler)
}
})
self.emit('request', self.req)
}
Request.prototype.onRequestError = function (error) {
var self = this
if (self._aborted) {
return
}
if (self.req && self.req._reusedSocket && error.code === 'ECONNRESET'
&& self.agent.addRequestNoreuse) {
self.agent = { addRequest: self.agent.addRequestNoreuse.bind(self.agent) }
self.start()
self.req.end()
return
}
if (self.timeout && self.timeoutTimer) {
clearTimeout(self.timeoutTimer)
self.timeoutTimer = null
}
self.emit('error', error)
}
Request.prototype.onRequestResponse = function (response) {
var self = this
debug('onRequestResponse', self.uri.href, response.statusCode, response.headers)
response.on('end', function() {
if (self.timing) {
self.elapsedTime += (new Date().getTime() - self.startTime)
debug('elapsed time', self.elapsedTime)
response.elapsedTime = self.elapsedTime
}
debug('response end', self.uri.href, response.statusCode, response.headers)
})
// The check on response.connection is a workaround for browserify.
if (response.connection && response.connection.listeners('error').indexOf(connectionErrorHandler) === -1) {
response.connection.setMaxListeners(0)
response.connection.once('error', connectionErrorHandler)
}
if (self._aborted) {
debug('aborted', self.uri.href)
response.resume()
return
}
self.response = response
response.request = self
response.toJSON = responseToJSON
// XXX This is different on 0.10, because SSL is strict by default
if (self.httpModule === https &&
self.strictSSL && (!response.hasOwnProperty('socket') ||
!response.socket.authorized)) {
debug('strict ssl error', self.uri.href)
var sslErr = response.hasOwnProperty('socket') ? response.socket.authorizationError : self.uri.href + ' does not support SSL'
self.emit('error', new Error('SSL Error: ' + sslErr))
return
}
// Save the original host before any redirect (if it changes, we need to
// remove any authorization headers). Also remember the case of the header
// name because lots of broken servers expect Host instead of host and we
// want the caller to be able to specify this.
self.originalHost = self.getHeader('host')
if (!self.originalHostHeaderName) {
self.originalHostHeaderName = self.hasHeader('host')
}
if (self.setHost) {
self.removeHeader('host')
}
if (self.timeout && self.timeoutTimer) {
clearTimeout(self.timeoutTimer)
self.timeoutTimer = null
}
var targetCookieJar = (self._jar && self._jar.setCookie) ? self._jar : globalCookieJar
var addCookie = function (cookie) {
//set the cookie if it's domain in the href's domain.
try {
targetCookieJar.setCookie(cookie, self.uri.href, {ignoreError: true})
} catch (e) {
self.emit('error', e)
}
}
response.caseless = caseless(response.headers)
if (response.caseless.has('set-cookie') && (!self._disableCookies)) {
var headerName = response.caseless.has('set-cookie')
if (Array.isArray(response.headers[headerName])) {
response.headers[headerName].forEach(addCookie)
} else {
addCookie(response.headers[headerName])
}
}
if (self._redirect.onResponse(response)) {
return // Ignore the rest of the response
} else {
// Be a good stream and emit end when the response is finished.
// Hack to emit end on close because of a core bug that never fires end
response.on('close', function () {
if (!self._ended) {
self.response.emit('end')
}
})
response.on('end', function () {
self._ended = true
})
var responseContent
if (self.gzip) {
var contentEncoding = response.headers['content-encoding'] || 'identity'
contentEncoding = contentEncoding.trim().toLowerCase()
if (contentEncoding === 'gzip') {
responseContent = zlib.createGunzip()
response.pipe(responseContent)
} else {
// Since previous versions didn't check for Content-Encoding header,
// ignore any invalid values to preserve backwards-compatibility
if (contentEncoding !== 'identity') {
debug('ignoring unrecognized Content-Encoding ' + contentEncoding)
}
responseContent = response
}
} else {
responseContent = response
}
if (self.encoding) {
if (self.dests.length !== 0) {
console.error('Ignoring encoding parameter as this stream is being piped to another stream which makes the encoding option invalid.')
} else if (responseContent.setEncoding) {
responseContent.setEncoding(self.encoding)
} else {
// Should only occur on node pre-v0.9.4 (joyent/node@9b5abe5) with
// zlib streams.
// If/When support for 0.9.4 is dropped, this should be unnecessary.
responseContent = responseContent.pipe(stringstream(self.encoding))
}
}
if (self._paused) {
responseContent.pause()
}
self.responseContent = responseContent
self.emit('response', response)
self.dests.forEach(function (dest) {
self.pipeDest(dest)
})
responseContent.on('data', function (chunk) {
self._destdata = true
self.emit('data', chunk)
})
responseContent.on('end', function (chunk) {
self.emit('end', chunk)
})
responseContent.on('error', function (error) {
self.emit('error', error)
})
responseContent.on('close', function () {self.emit('close')})
if (self.callback) {
self.readResponseBody(response)
}
//if no callback
else {
self.on('end', function () {
if (self._aborted) {
debug('aborted', self.uri.href)
return
}
self.emit('complete', response)
})
}
}
debug('finish init function', self.uri.href)
}
Request.prototype.readResponseBody = function (response) {
var self = this
debug('reading response\'s body')
var buffer = bl()
, strings = []
self.on('data', function (chunk) {
if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) {
buffer.append(chunk)
} else {
strings.push(chunk)
}
})
self.on('end', function () {
debug('end event', self.uri.href)
if (self._aborted) {
debug('aborted', self.uri.href)
return
}
if (buffer.length) {
debug('has body', self.uri.href, buffer.length)
if (self.encoding === null) {
// response.body = buffer
// can't move to this until path_to_url
response.body = buffer.slice()
} else {
response.body = buffer.toString(self.encoding)
}
} else if (strings.length) {
// The UTF8 BOM [0xEF,0xBB,0xBF] is converted to [0xFE,0xFF] in the JS UTC16/UCS2 representation.
// Strip this value out when the encoding is set to 'utf8', as upstream consumers won't expect it and it breaks JSON.parse().
if (self.encoding === 'utf8' && strings[0].length > 0 && strings[0][0] === '\uFEFF') {
strings[0] = strings[0].substring(1)
}
response.body = strings.join('')
}
if (self._json) {
try {
response.body = JSON.parse(response.body, self._jsonReviver)
} catch (e) {
debug('invalid JSON received', self.uri.href)
}
}
debug('emitting complete', self.uri.href)
if (typeof response.body === 'undefined' && !self._json) {
response.body = self.encoding === null ? new Buffer(0) : ''
}
self.emit('complete', response, response.body)
})
}
Request.prototype.abort = function () {
var self = this
self._aborted = true
if (self.req) {
self.req.abort()
}
else if (self.response) {
self.response.abort()
}
self.emit('abort')
}
Request.prototype.pipeDest = function (dest) {
var self = this
var response = self.response
// Called after the response is received
if (dest.headers && !dest.headersSent) {
if (response.caseless.has('content-type')) {
var ctname = response.caseless.has('content-type')
if (dest.setHeader) {
dest.setHeader(ctname, response.headers[ctname])
}
else {
dest.headers[ctname] = response.headers[ctname]
}
}
if (response.caseless.has('content-length')) {
var clname = response.caseless.has('content-length')
if (dest.setHeader) {
dest.setHeader(clname, response.headers[clname])
} else {
dest.headers[clname] = response.headers[clname]
}
}
}
if (dest.setHeader && !dest.headersSent) {
for (var i in response.headers) {
// If the response content is being decoded, the Content-Encoding header
// of the response doesn't represent the piped content, so don't pass it.
if (!self.gzip || i !== 'content-encoding') {
dest.setHeader(i, response.headers[i])
}
}
dest.statusCode = response.statusCode
}
if (self.pipefilter) {
self.pipefilter(response, dest)
}
}
Request.prototype.qs = function (q, clobber) {
var self = this
var base
if (!clobber && self.uri.query) {
base = self._qs.parse(self.uri.query)
} else {
base = {}
}
for (var i in q) {
base[i] = q[i]
}
var qs = self._qs.stringify(base)
if (qs === '') {
return self
}
self.uri = url.parse(self.uri.href.split('?')[0] + '?' + qs)
self.url = self.uri
self.path = self.uri.path
if (self.uri.host === 'unix') {
self.enableUnixSocket()
}
return self
}
Request.prototype.form = function (form) {
var self = this
if (form) {
if (!/^application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\b/.test(self.getHeader('content-type'))) {
self.setHeader('content-type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded')
}
self.body = (typeof form === 'string')
? self._qs.rfc3986(form.toString('utf8'))
: self._qs.stringify(form).toString('utf8')
return self
}
// create form-data object
self._form = new FormData()
self._form.on('error', function(err) {
err.message = 'form-data: ' + err.message
self.emit('error', err)
self.abort()
})
return self._form
}
Request.prototype.multipart = function (multipart) {
var self = this
self._multipart.onRequest(multipart)
if (!self._multipart.chunked) {
self.body = self._multipart.body
}
return self
}
Request.prototype.json = function (val) {
var self = this
if (!self.hasHeader('accept')) {
self.setHeader('accept', 'application/json')
}
self._json = true
if (typeof val === 'boolean') {
if (self.body !== undefined) {
if (!/^application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\b/.test(self.getHeader('content-type'))) {
self.body = safeStringify(self.body)
} else {
self.body = self._qs.rfc3986(self.body)
}
if (!self.hasHeader('content-type')) {
self.setHeader('content-type', 'application/json')
}
}
} else {
self.body = safeStringify(val)
if (!self.hasHeader('content-type')) {
self.setHeader('content-type', 'application/json')
}
}
if (typeof self.jsonReviver === 'function') {
self._jsonReviver = self.jsonReviver
}
return self
}
Request.prototype.getHeader = function (name, headers) {
var self = this
var result, re, match
if (!headers) {
headers = self.headers
}
Object.keys(headers).forEach(function (key) {
if (key.length !== name.length) {
return
}
re = new RegExp(name, 'i')
match = key.match(re)
if (match) {
result = headers[key]
}
})
return result
}
Request.prototype.enableUnixSocket = function () {
// Get the socket & request paths from the URL
var unixParts = this.uri.path.split(':')
, host = unixParts[0]
, path = unixParts[1]
// Apply unix properties to request
this.socketPath = host
this.uri.pathname = path
this.uri.path = path
this.uri.host = host
this.uri.hostname = host
this.uri.isUnix = true
}
Request.prototype.auth = function (user, pass, sendImmediately, bearer) {
var self = this
self._auth.onRequest(user, pass, sendImmediately, bearer)
return self
}
Request.prototype.aws = function (opts, now) {
var self = this
if (!now) {
self._aws = opts
return self
}
var date = new Date()
self.setHeader('date', date.toUTCString())
var auth =
{ key: opts.key
, secret: opts.secret
, verb: self.method.toUpperCase()
, date: date
, contentType: self.getHeader('content-type') || ''
, md5: self.getHeader('content-md5') || ''
, amazonHeaders: aws.canonicalizeHeaders(self.headers)
}
var path = self.uri.path
if (opts.bucket && path) {
auth.resource = '/' + opts.bucket + path
} else if (opts.bucket && !path) {
auth.resource = '/' + opts.bucket
} else if (!opts.bucket && path) {
auth.resource = path
} else if (!opts.bucket && !path) {
auth.resource = '/'
}
auth.resource = aws.canonicalizeResource(auth.resource)
self.setHeader('authorization', aws.authorization(auth))
return self
}
Request.prototype.httpSignature = function (opts) {
var self = this
httpSignature.signRequest({
getHeader: function(header) {
return self.getHeader(header, self.headers)
},
setHeader: function(header, value) {
self.setHeader(header, value)
},
method: self.method,
path: self.path
}, opts)
debug('httpSignature authorization', self.getHeader('authorization'))
return self
}
Request.prototype.hawk = function (opts) {
var self = this
self.setHeader('Authorization', hawk.client.header(self.uri, self.method, opts).field)
}
Request.prototype.oauth = function (_oauth) {
var self = this
self._oauth.onRequest(_oauth)
return self
}
Request.prototype.jar = function (jar) {
var self = this
var cookies
if (self._redirect.redirectsFollowed === 0) {
self.originalCookieHeader = self.getHeader('cookie')
}
if (!jar) {
// disable cookies
cookies = false
self._disableCookies = true
} else {
var targetCookieJar = (jar && jar.getCookieString) ? jar : globalCookieJar
var urihref = self.uri.href
//fetch cookie in the Specified host
if (targetCookieJar) {
cookies = targetCookieJar.getCookieString(urihref)
}
}
//if need cookie and cookie is not empty
if (cookies && cookies.length) {
if (self.originalCookieHeader) {
// Don't overwrite existing Cookie header
self.setHeader('cookie', self.originalCookieHeader + '; ' + cookies)
} else {
self.setHeader('cookie', cookies)
}
}
self._jar = jar
return self
}
// Stream API
Request.prototype.pipe = function (dest, opts) {
var self = this
if (self.response) {
if (self._destdata) {
self.emit('error', new Error('You cannot pipe after data has been emitted from the response.'))
} else if (self._ended) {
self.emit('error', new Error('You cannot pipe after the response has been ended.'))
} else {
stream.Stream.prototype.pipe.call(self, dest, opts)
self.pipeDest(dest)
return dest
}
} else {
self.dests.push(dest)
stream.Stream.prototype.pipe.call(self, dest, opts)
return dest
}
}
Request.prototype.write = function () {
var self = this
if (!self._started) {
self.start()
}
return self.req.write.apply(self.req, arguments)
}
Request.prototype.end = function (chunk) {
var self = this
if (chunk) {
self.write(chunk)
}
if (!self._started) {
self.start()
}
self.req.end()
}
Request.prototype.pause = function () {
var self = this
if (!self.responseContent) {
self._paused = true
} else {
self.responseContent.pause.apply(self.responseContent, arguments)
}
}
Request.prototype.resume = function () {
var self = this
if (!self.responseContent) {
self._paused = false
} else {
self.responseContent.resume.apply(self.responseContent, arguments)
}
}
Request.prototype.destroy = function () {
var self = this
if (!self._ended) {
self.end()
} else if (self.response) {
self.response.destroy()
}
}
Request.defaultProxyHeaderWhiteList =
Tunnel.defaultProxyHeaderWhiteList.slice()
Request.defaultProxyHeaderExclusiveList =
Tunnel.defaultProxyHeaderExclusiveList.slice()
// Exports
Request.prototype.toJSON = requestToJSON
module.exports = Request
``` |
Nordre Puttjern is a lake located west of Puttåsen in the northern part of Østmarka in Oslo municipality, Norway.
Together with Søndre Puttjern lake right nearby, it was almost entirely dried up in 1997 due to a leak during the construction of the railway tunnel Romeriksporten. The water level in Nordre Puttjern dropped 6 metres, so that the depth was reduced from 9 to 3 metres.
References
Lakes of Oslo |
Kayeli () is an extinct Austronesian language once used by the Kayeli people of the Indonesian island Buru. Two dialects were recognized, namely Leliali (Liliali) and Lumaete (Lumaiti, Mumaite, Lumara).
History
Whereas about 800 Kayeli people still live in the southern coast of the Kayeli Bay, in the eastern part of Buru, as of 1995, only 3 elderly people could speak the language and have not used it for three decades; other natives changed to Ambonese Malay. The latter is widely used in the Maluku Islands as a second language and is a simplified form of Indonesian with additions of the local lexicon.
A 1983 literature review indicated about 1,000 speakers of Kayeli; however, a field survey conducted in 1989 on Buru island located only four speakers, two men and two women, all in their sixties. They have not used the language for over 30 years and had difficulties in summarizing the basic lexicon. The last speaker of the Leliali dialect died in 1989 and no speakers of Lumaete could be located by then. A little more than 400 basic Kayeli words could be assembled, of which 13% were loanwords from Malay, Arabic, Portuguese and Sanskrit. They revealed significant phonetic and lexical difference with the Buru language – the lexical similarity of Leliali dialect with the closest Buru dialect of Masarete was 45%.
The most detailed study of Kayeli language was conducted in the 1980s by Charles E. Grimes and Barbara Dix Grimes – Australian missionaries and ethnographers, active members of SIL International (they should not be confused with Joseph E. Grimes and Barbara F. Grimes, Charles' parents, also known Australian ethnographers). They use Kayeli language as an example in the analysis of the causes of recent extinction of some Malayo-Polynesian languages.
References
Central Maluku languages
Languages of Indonesia
Extinct languages of Oceania
Extinct languages of Asia
Languages extinct in the 1980s |
```groff
.\" $OpenBSD: vge.4,v 1.23 2021/09/08 20:29:21 jmc Exp $
.\" $FreeBSD: vge.4,v 1.6 2004/11/24 19:06:43 brueffer Exp $
.\"
.\" Bill Paul <wpaul@windriver.com>. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by Bill Paul.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the author nor the names of any co-contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Bill Paul AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Bill Paul OR THE VOICES IN HIS HEAD
.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
.\" THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.Dd $Mdocdate: September 8 2021 $
.Dt VGE 4
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm vge
.Nd VIA Velocity 10/100/1Gb Ethernet device
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Cd "vge* at pci?"
.Cd "ciphy* at mii?"
.Cd "ipgphy* at mii?"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
driver provides support for various NICs and embedded Ethernet interfaces
based on the VIA Networking Technologies VT6120, VT6122, VT6130 and VT6132
Gigabit Ethernet controller chips, including the following:
.Pp
.Bl -bullet -compact
.It
ZyXEL GN650-T 64-bit PCI Gigabit Ethernet NIC (ZX1701)
.It
ZyXEL GN670-T 32-bit PCI Gigabit Ethernet NIC (ZX1702)
.El
.Pp
The VT6120/VT6122 is a 33/66MHz 64-bit PCI device which combines a tri-speed
MAC with an integrated 10/100/1000 copper PHY.
(Some older cards use an external PHY.)
The VT6130/VT6132 is the PCI Express version.
The MAC supports IPv4 transmit/receive IP/TCP/UDP checksum offload,
VLAN tag insertion and stripping, a 64-entry CAM filter and a 64-entry
VLAN filter, 64-bit multicast hash filter, 4 separate transmit DMA
queues, flow control and jumbo frames (not on VT6130/VT6132).
The Velocity family has a 16K receive FIFO and 48K transmit FIFO.
.Pp
The
.Nm
driver takes advantage of the IPv4 transmit/receive IP/TCP/UDP checksum
offload, VLAN tag insertion and stripping, and the CAM filter support.
The CAM filter is used for multicast address filtering to provide
64 perfect multicast address filter support.
If it is necessary for the interface to join more than 64 multicast
groups, the driver will switch over to using the hash filter.
.Pp
The
.Nm
driver supports the following media types:
.Bl -tag -width 10baseTXUTP
.It Cm autoselect
Enable autoselection of the media type and options.
The user can manually override the autoselected mode by adding media
options to the appropriate
.Xr hostname.if 5
file.
.It Cm 10baseT/UTP
Set 10Mbps operation.
The
.Xr ifconfig 8
.Ic mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Cm full-duplex
or
.Cm half-duplex
modes.
.It Cm 100baseTX
Set 100Mbps (Fast Ethernet) operation.
The
.Xr ifconfig 8
.Ic mediaopt
option can also be used to select either
.Cm full-duplex
or
.Cm half-duplex
modes.
.It Cm 1000baseT
Set 1000baseT operation over twisted pair.
Both
.Cm full-duplex
and
.Cm half-duplex
modes are supported.
.El
.Pp
The
.Nm
driver supports the following media options:
.Bl -tag -width full-duplex
.It Cm full-duplex
Force full duplex operation.
.It Cm half-duplex
Force half duplex operation.
.El
.Pp
For more information on configuring this device, see
.Xr ifconfig 8 .
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr arp 4 ,
.Xr ciphy 4 ,
.Xr ifmedia 4 ,
.Xr intro 4 ,
.Xr ipgphy 4 ,
.Xr netintro 4 ,
.Xr pci 4 ,
.Xr hostname.if 5 ,
.Xr ifconfig 8
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
device driver first appeared in
.Ox 3.7 .
.Sh AUTHORS
.An -nosplit
The
.Nm
driver was written by
.An Bill Paul Aq Mt wpaul@windriver.com
and ported to
.Ox
by
.An Peter Valchev Aq Mt pvalchev@openbsd.org .
``` |
Pallavi Anu Pallavi is a 1983 Indian Kannada-language romantic drama film written and directed by Mani Ratnam in his debut. The film stars Anil Kapoor, Lakshmi, and Kiran Vairale. It revolves around a young man falling in love with a slightly older woman. The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja, while cinematography was handled by Balu Mahendra. The film is also Kapoor's debut in Kannada cinema.
Pallavi Anu Pallavi was released on 7 January 1983 to critical acclaim. However, the film was an average grosser at the box office, performing well in bigger cities but not so well in smaller towns and villages. The film won in three categories at the Karnataka State Film Awards: Best Screenplay for Ratnam, Best Cinematographer for Balu Mahendra and Best Dialogue for R. N. Jayagopal.
Plot
Having pledged his love for college girl Madhu, Vijay finds himself entwined in a close friendship with Anu, a married woman separated from her husband. Vijay grapples with the definition of love, treading the fine line between trust and attraction, amidst tremendous societal pressure. He is confused about his feelings for Anu, yet wants Madhu as his life partner. Amid all this is his youthful streak of rebellion, ready to take on the world despite the society's extreme reaction, which creates more grief than good.
Cast
Anil Kapoor as Vijay
Lakshmi as Anu
Kiran Vairale as Madhu
Vikram Makandar as Kumar
Master Rohith Srinath as Harsha,Anu and Kumar's son
Sundar Raj
Production
After completing his MBA and beginning work as a management consultant, Mani Ratnam was keen to enter the film industry and thus accepted the invitation of his friends Ravishankar and Raman (the sons of director B. R. Panthulu and musician S. Balachander respectively) to co-write the script of a Kannada film they were making, titled Bangarada Gani. Featuring Vishnuvardhan, Lakshmi, Ambareesh and Roja Ramani, the film was never completed and was later shelved. Ratnam then decided to branch out as a director himself and wrote a script entirely in English, during a single month in 1980.
With the script of the film which he intended to make in Tamil, Ratnam first met Kamal Haasan to play the protagonist, after his friend Kitty arranged a meeting with the actor. Haasan demanded major changes to the script if he were to play the lead role, and introduced Ratnam to his brother Charuhasan, who pledged to help find the script a producer. Ratnam revealed that he was open to the idea of selling the script to a popular director so that he could learn about filmmaking during the production process, but his meetings with K. Balachander, Bharathiraja and Mahendran were not successful. Haasan had later claimed that he was unable to work in Pallavi Anu Pallavi due to his commitment to Raja Paarvai (1981) and around the same time "also getting into Hindi films".
Ratnam subsequently met several producers. The script was rejected by over twenty studios, including Rajkannu of Sri Amman Creations and Gowri Shankar of Devi Films. Subsequently, Ratnam's uncle Krishnamurthy and T. Govindarajan of Venus Films agreed to finance the film under the condition that he made it as a low-budget Kannada film. While P. C. Sreeram was his original choice for cinematography, the producers insisted on an established cinematographer. Ratnam then approached Balu Mahendra. Ratnam also convinced B. Lenin (who was incidentally his neighbour), to work as the editor, since he had been impressed with his editing of Mahendran's Uthiripookkal (1979). Thota Tharani who happened to meet Ratnam during the shoot of Raja Paarvai, which the director had gone to watch, joined the team next.
While selecting the cast, Ratnam approached Lakshmi, with whom he had worked during the making of Bangarada Gani to portray the lead character with whom the younger man falls in love. Lakshmi was a well-established star at the time, and her coming on board, prompted Krishnamurthy to agree to financing the film. Anil Kapoor was chosen to portray the male protagonist after Ratnam was impressed with his performance in the Telugu film Vamsa Vruksham (1980). Kapoor also helped bring Kiran Vairale on board when Suhasini turned down the role. Rohit, the son of Srinath, was a child actor in the film and appeared in Ratnam's first shot.
Ratnam did not know Kannada before directing the film but learned it "on the job", as he extensively researched literature for the script at the USIS and British Council offices in Chennai. With the help of his associate Shivanand, he was able to convert the English dialogues into Kannada and help Kapoor and Kiran Vairale perform to their respective lines, in a language unfamiliar to them. The film was shot in Coorg and Bangalore, close to Venus Films' distribution centre in the city. Towards the end of production, the film ran into financial difficulties and it took twenty one months to finish the final three days of the shoot, owing to call-sheet conflicts.
Soundtrack
Ilaiyaraaja composed the score and soundtrack, the lyrics for which were written by R. N. Jayagopal. In his biographical book Conversations with Mani Ratnam, Ratnam revealed that Balu Mahendra introduced him to Ilaiyaraaja. Ratnam told Ilaiyaraaja that he was doing a Kannada film with a very small budget but wanted him to compose the music, while also confessing that he could not afford to pay the latter's market price. Ilaiyaraaja agreed to work for one-fifth the amount he was getting at the time. The composer would go on to collaborate with the director for nine more films, including acclaimed Tamil films like Mouna Ragam (1986), Nayakan (1987), Agni Natchathiram (1988), Anjali (1990) and Thalapathi (1991).
Release
Pallavi Anu Pallavi was released on 7 January 1983. The film experienced moderate success at the box office, performing well in bigger cities but not so well in smaller towns and villages.
Awards
1982–83 Karnataka State Film Awards
Best Screenplay – Mani Ratnam
Best Cinematographer – Balu Mahendra
Best Dialogue – R. N. Jayagopal
Legacy
Pallavi Anu Pallavi was dubbed in Telugu with same title and in Tamil language as Priya oh Priya. Idea Cellular has used the tune of Naguva Nayana as their theme music for the advertisements.
References
Bibliography
External links
1983 films
1980s Kannada-language films
Films directed by Mani Ratnam
Indian romantic drama films
1983 romantic drama films
Sexuality and age in fiction
Films scored by Ilaiyaraaja
Films set in Bangalore
1983 directorial debut films |
Meatballs is a 1979 Canadian comedy film directed by Ivan Reitman. It is noted for Bill Murray's first film appearance in a starring role and for launching the directing career of Reitman, whose later comedies include Stripes (1981) and Ghostbusters (1984), both starring Murray.
The film was the highest-grossing Canadian film of all time in the United States and Canada, winning the Golden Reel Award. It is the first of six film collaborations between Murray and Harold Ramis and several sequels, of which only Meatballs III: Summer Job (1986) had any connection to the original.
Plot
Tripper Harrison leads a group of new counsellors-in-training (CITs) at Camp North Star, a cut-rate summer camp located in Ontario, and leads practical jokes on camp director Morty Melnick, mainly by taking Melnick from his cabin late at night so that he awakens in unusual places.
Rudy Gerner, a lonely boy whose mother died about a year earlier, is sent to summer camp by his workaholic father, but decides to run away. Noticing Rudy is lacking self-confidence, Tripper tracks him to a nearby bus station and takes him under his wing. They rapidly bond as friends after many morning jogs. Tripper helps Rudy gain confidence while starting a romance with Roxanne, the girls' head counsellor. Many of the CITs also find romance: Candace "kidnaps" Crockett in a speedboat and confesses her feelings for him, while Wheels, who had broken up with A.L. the year before, successfully rekindles their relationship during a dance, and the nerdy Spaz falls for the tomboy Jackie.
A subplot deals with North Star's rivalry with Camp Mohawk, a wealthy summer camp located across the lake. During a basketball game, North Star is being beaten by Mohawk when they attempt their own perverse form of victory. This sets the stage for the yearly Olympiad between the camps, which Mohawk has won 12 consecutive times.
During the first day of competition, Mohawk dominates North Star, often winning by cheating. Crockett fails to clear the high jump bar, Hardware gets pummelled in boxing, and Jackie suffers a broken ankle in field hockey, thanks to the dirty work of two Mohawk girls. The score at the end of Day One is: Mohawk 170, North Star 63. That evening at the North Star Lodge, Tripper rouses the demoralized campers by explaining that victory or defeat is unimportant. In unison, Camp North Star begins to chant, "It just doesn't matter!" Day Two of the Olympiad belongs to newly inspired North Star as they win every event. Wheels outwrestles his opponent, Spaz defeats Rhino in a stacking contest with inspiration from Jackie and a thwarted Mohawk cheating attempt, and, after 12 years of North Star defeats, Fink finally beats "The Stomach" in the Frankfurter/Wiener-eating contest. North Star now trails by only 10 points with one event left, a four-mile cross country run for 20 points. Tripper offers to select a surprised Rudy to compete against Horse, Mohawk's star runner. Rudy's many mornings spent jogging and training with Tripper pay off as he wins the race, giving North Star its first Olympiad victory by a score of 230–220.
Later that evening, Morty, Tripper, Roxanne, and the CITs sing around a campfire and say their final goodbyes as the camp prepares to close at the end of summer. Rudy has already decided to return to camp next year and Roxanne agrees to live with Tripper. The two ride off on Tripper's motorcycle, leading the buses out of camp and leaving Morty behind, in bed, on a raft in the middle of the lake.
Cast
Bill Murray as "Tripper" Harrison
Harvey Atkin as Morty "Mickey" Melnick
Kate Lynch as Roxanne
Russ Banham as Bobby Crockett
Kristine DeBell as A.L.
Sarah Torgov as Candace
Jack Blum as "Spaz"
Keith Knight as Larry "Fink" Finkelstein
Cindy Girling as Wendy
Todd Hoffman as "Wheels"
Margot Pinvidic as Jackie
Matt Craven as "Hardware" Renzetti (billed as Matt Cravenn)
Norma Dell'Agnese as Brenda
Chris Makepeace as Rudy Gerner
Ruth Rennie as Jody
Hadley Kay as Bradley
Production
Harold Ramis said that Reitman did not know for certain whether Murray would be in the film until he showed up for the third day of filming. Eddie Deezen was approached to play Spaz but declined as he was already committed to 1941.
Filming took place at Camp White Pine, on Hurricane Lake, between Haliburton and West Guilford, Ontario, in August–September 1978.
Critical response
Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 73% based on 37 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, "Meatballs is a summer camp comedy with few surprises, but Bill Murray's riffing adds a spark that sets it apart from numerous subpar entries in a frequently uninspired genre".
Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote, "With far fewer high spirits than 'Animal House,' and only two characters of any interest, 'Meatballs' reveals itself to be a loud, off-key cry for conformism of a most disappointing sort. It's a sheep in wolf's clothing." Dale Pollock of Variety wrote, "Record of tv stars making the transition to feature films is spotty overall, but Bill Murray proves a welcome exception to the rule. The 'Saturday Night Live' regular manages to sock over 'Meatballs' with amazing vitality and elan."
Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune gave the film 2.5 stars out of 4 and stated that it "is pleasant as can be, but there's hardly a belly laugh in it. Murray plays a nice guy counselor who befriends a lonely camper. It's all very sweet, but funny? Not particularly." Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times called the film "a fast, funny sendup of summer-camp life" that "is not as all-out raunchy as 'Animal House'—but it's hilarious in a similar blissfully uncomplicated and nutty way." Gary Arnold of The Washington Post wrote, "'Meatballs' is as tartly, unpretentiously funny as its title ... As the senior boys' counselor, an easygoing role model and spontaneous comic genius, Bill Murray of 'Saturday Night Live' makes a deceptively sensational debut as a film comedy star." Jack Kroll of Newsweek remarked that "this film has almost none of the scraggy, raunchy, irreverent anarchy that gave Animal House a kind of perverse anti-style. There's nothing at all perverse about Meatballs; in fact, it's so cutesy, squeaky-clean that it becomes Andy Hardy with a few extra belches."
In 2023, Barry Hertz of The Globe and Mail named the film as one of the 23 best Canadian comedy films ever made.
Box office
The film was a surprise hit. It opened in seven theatres in Toronto and grossed $105,635 in its first four days. A week later, it opened on 93 screens in New York, grossing $1.5 million for the week and placing fifth at the US box office. It grossed $17.9 million in its first 17 days of national release. The film was the first Canadian film to gross more than $2.5 million in Canada, surpassing 1970's Deux femmes en or, to become the highest-grossing film of all time, with a gross of $4.2 million, winning the Golden Reel Award for the year. It also became the highest-grossing Canadian film in the United States, with a combined gross of $43 million in the United States and Canada. It was also the highest-grossing film in the US without any US investment at the time until surpassed by Chariots of Fire in 1982. The film grossed $70 million worldwide.
Music
The film's score was written by Elmer Bernstein and several musicians also contributed to the soundtrack including Mary MacGregor (performing "Good Friend"), David Naughton (performing "Makin' It", which served as the theme for his title sitcom, which was cancelled before the film's release), and Rick Dees and His Cast of Idiots (performing the title theme "Meatballs"). "Good Friend" and "Makin' It" made the Billboard and Cashbox pop charts (see below).
Singles
Makin' It (by David Naughton) (Billboard, number 5) / Still Makin' It (instrumental of A-side) -- RSO 916—1979
Good Friend (by Mary MacGregor) (Billboard number 39) / Rudy and Tripper (dialogue from film) -- RSO 938—1979
Album
Meatballs RSO 1-3056 (Billboard, number 170, August 1979)
Side one
"Are You Ready for the Summer" – North Star Camp Kids Chorus
"Rudy and Tripper" (instrumental)
"Makin' It" – David Naughton
"Moondust" – Terry Black
"C.I.T. Song" – Original Cast
Side two
"Good Friend" – Mary MacGregor
"Olympiad" (instrumental)
"Meatballs" – Rick Dees
"Rudy Wins the Race" (instrumental)
"Moondust (Reprise)" – Terry Black
"Are You Ready for the Summer (Reprise)" – North Star Camp Kids Chorus
Home media
Meatballs was first released on DVD in 1999 by HBO (although Paramount Pictures was behind the original theatrical release and the first VHS and SelectaVision release in the 1980s, and also continues to hold international video rights.) Sony Pictures Entertainment issued a special-edition DVD (with an anamorphic transfer, a director's commentary, and a "Making of" featurette) on June 5, 2007. The sequels did not receive the same treatment of re-release. However, Lionsgate released the Blu-ray on June 12, 2012 and the DVD reissue on February 22, 2022, which retains the commentary from the Sony DVD but not the featurette.
Sequels
Meatballs was followed by three sequels: Meatballs Part II (1984), Meatballs III: Summer Job (1986) and Meatballs 4 (1992), none of which involved either Reitman or Murray. Only Meatballs III had any relation to the story or characters of the original, featuring Patrick Dempsey as Rudy Gerner.
References
External links
1979 films
1970s sex comedy films
1970s English-language films
1970s coming-of-age comedy films
Canadian coming-of-age comedy films
Canadian sex comedy films
English-language Canadian films
Films scored by Elmer Bernstein
Films set in Ontario
Films set on lakes
Films shot in Ontario
Films directed by Ivan Reitman
Films about summer camps
Paramount Pictures films
Films with screenplays by Harold Ramis
Teen sex comedy films
1970s Canadian films |
Søre Herefoss is a village in Birkenes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the southeastern shore of the lake Herefossfjorden, at the junction of the Norwegian National Road 41 and the Norwegian County Road 404. The village of Herefoss lies about to the north, the village of Sennumstad lies about to the south, and the town of Grimstad lies about to the southeast.
References
Villages in Agder
Birkenes |
The Asian Baseball Championship was the tenth continental tournament held by the Baseball Federation of Asia. The tournament was held in Manila, Philippines for the fourth time. The tournament was won by Japan; their seventh Asian Championship. Defending champions South Korea (2nd), Taiwan (3rd), Philippines (4th) and Australia (5th) were the other participants.
References
Bibliography
Asian Baseball Championship
International baseball competitions hosted by the Philippines
1973 in Philippine sport
Sports competitions in Manila
20th century in Manila |
GP2, GP.2, GP-2 or variant, may refer to:
British GP2, a motorcycle race classification within the British Supersport Championship
GP2 Series, an open wheel motor racing series that was succeeded by the FIA Formula 2 Championship
GP2 Asia Series, a similar series that ran in Asia from 2008 to 2011, before merging with the main GP2 Series
GP2 (gene), a human gene
Grand Prix 2, a racing simulator game
Asiago GP.2, glider
González Gil-Pazó GP-2, airplane
Gary Payton II, American basketball player
See also
Moto2, motorcycle GP class 2
GPGP (disambiguation)
GPP (disambiguation)
GP (disambiguation) |
I Never Promised You a Rose Garden is a 2004 play based on Joanne Greenberg's 1964 novel of the same name.
The play was written by Colorado playwright Walter L. Newton with full cooperation of the book's author Joanne Greenberg. It was directed by Rick Bernstein, and premiered at Miners Alley Playhouse in Golden, Colorado to positive reviews in both Variety and The Denver Post. The play expanded on the original story by including new information about Dr. Frieda Fromm-Reichmann from Gail Hornstein's autobiography To Redeem One Person Is To Redeem The World. The play also restored the anti-Semitic and Jewish elements of the book that were removed from the film. Variety said "…the dramatic arc is a compelling mix of personal, familial and professional themes that represents the actual events in a way the 1977 film does not. Newton's coup de grace, a multilayered denouement in which the fortunes of Deborah and Dr. Fried reverse, is an especially imaginative piece of writing". In 2013, a brief series of benefit performances was held in Golden, Colorado for the playwright, who himself suffered from a debilitating mental illness from 2011 until his death in 2022.
References
External links
I Never Promised You A Rose Garden - The Play - Playwright's website
Publisher - Next Stage Press
2004 plays
Plays based on novels
Psychotherapy in fiction |
Prokocice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bejsce, within Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately south-west of Bejsce, south-east of Kazimierza Wielka, and south of the regional capital Kielce.
References
Prokocice |
```c++
// accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// path_to_url
#ifndef BOOST_TYPE_DWA20010120_HPP
# define BOOST_TYPE_DWA20010120_HPP
namespace boost {
// Just a simple "type envelope". Useful in various contexts, mostly to work
// around some MSVC deficiencies.
template <class T>
struct type {};
}
#endif // BOOST_TYPE_DWA20010120_HPP
``` |
Timothy Dean Pugh (born January 26, 1967) is a former Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Cincinnati Reds, the Kansas City Royals, and the Detroit Tigers. He debuted on September 1, 1992 against the Montreal Expos and gave up 3 earned runs in 4 innings. He had been drafted by the Reds in the 6th round of the 1989 amateur draft after playing in college at Oklahoma State.
As a prep player, Pugh pitched for the Bartlesville High School team that won the Oklahoma class 5A state championship in baseball in 1985.
References
External links
1967 births
Living people
Cincinnati Reds players
Detroit Tigers players
Kansas City Royals players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Nashville Sounds players
Somerset Patriots players
Baseball players from California
St. Paul Saints players
People from Bartlesville, Oklahoma
People from South Lake Tahoe, California
Sportspeople from El Dorado County, California
Oklahoma State Cowboys baseball players
Anchorage Bucs players
Billings Mustangs players
Charleston Wheelers players
Chattanooga Lookouts players
Indianapolis Indians players
Richmond Braves players
Toledo Mud Hens players |
Grace Gobbo (born 1974 in Tabora, Tanzania) is an ethnobotanist studying traditional medicines used by healers in Tanzania. Gobbo works to interview healers and record the plants they use in an effort to identify indigenous plants for medicinal uses.
Career
Gobbo has worked on several projects for the Jane Goodall Institute. She has worked with the USAID-funded Gombe-Masito-Ugalla ecosystem program to work reintroduce sustainable agricultural techniques, including agroforestry, to the ecosystem and surrounding communities. Gobbo also developed and co-led workshops with Aristides Kashula on fire management trainings with villagers around the Greater Gombe Ecosystem for the Jane Goodall Institute. The workshops engage attendees in their own experiences with fire, explain basics of fire and fire management, and helps the villagers develop fire management plans. In the workshops, Gobbo highlights the environmental benefits of trees, and what is lost when trees are lost to fire. Gobbo has also worked with the Jane Goodall Institute's Gombe Stream Research Centre to gather information about traditional healers and the medicinal plants they use around the Gombe. She held workshops with traditional healers to share information about medicinal plants and show the value of conserving forests.
Gobbo has received several grants from the National Geographic Society for her efforts. Growing up in a Christian family with a doctor for a father, Gobbo originally dismissed traditional healing as witchcraft. After her coursework in botany exposed her to new evidence, Gobbo began interviewing traditional healers who described their success using plants to treat a wide range of ailments. To date, she has recorded information shared by more than 80 healers, entering notes and photographs about plants and their uses into a computer database. Gobbo co-wrote an ethnobotanical booklet about Ha plant use in the village of Bubango, Tanzania with Maria Fadiman, which promotes East African forest conservation through cultural connection to plants. The village borders the miombo woodland of Gombe Stream National Park and Lake Tanganyika. Gobbo has worked with the Bubango villagers for several years, and the villagers invited her and Fadiman to help them develop an ethnobotanical booklet about the local plants. The books is in Kiha but is designed so that it can be understood by people who do not understand Kiha or are illiterate. The booklet is helping preserve ethnobotanical knowledge that otherwise might be lost to time and declines in biodiversity. To ensure the continuation of their work, they are partnering with two local nonprofit organizations, Tanzania Botanical Research and Conservation Program and Cross Community Connect.
Awards
Gobbo was the winner of the 2007 WINGS field research award. Gobbo received a grant from the National Geographic/Howard G. Buffett Fund for East Africa to create an ethnobotanical booklet. She has also received grants and support from the National Geographic/Catherine B. Reynolds Foundation Emerging Explorer program.
References
1974 births
21st-century botanists
Women botanists
Botanists active in Africa
Ethnobotanists
Living people
People from Tabora Region
Tanzanian scientists |
The Dutch Eredivisie in the 2002–03 season was contested by 18 teams. PSV won the championship.
League standings
Results
Promotion/relegation play-offs
Top scorers
See also
2002–03 Eerste Divisie
2002–03 KNVB Cup
References
Eredivisie official website - info on all seasons
RSSSF
Eredivisie seasons
Netherlands
1 |
Disco Beaver from Outer Space is an early production by National Lampoon, made for HBO in 1979.
The short film is a collection of comedy sketches, contained within the main story which is centered on two characters: the protagonist, an extraterrestrial in the form of a human sized (and bipedal) beaver; and the antagonist, a gay vampire called "Dragula".
Among the various side gags (which arise as the "viewer" channel-surfs) is a short concert by a stereotyped band of Irish singers called "The Spud Brothers" (potato-shaped puppets).
Tagline: National Lampoon's mockery of everything that is wrong with cable TV.
Plot
The film is essentially a shaggy dog story, leading up to a single play-on-words joke based on "beaver" also being a euphemism for female genitals. At the film's climax, the vampire is frightened by the Beaver; in his delirium, he begins seeing double, thus seeing two images of the Beaver. He cries, "Split beaver!" and disintegrates.
Cast
Lynn Redgrave - Dr. Van Helsing
Rodger Bumpass
Peter Elbling - Dragula, Queen of Darkness
Alice Playten
James Widdoes - Construction worker
Lee Wilkof
Michael Simmons
Sarah Durkee
See also
List of National Lampoon films
External links
American television films
HBO network specials
National Lampoon films
1979 television films
1979 films
1979 comedy films |
NTZ may mean
"Number of trailing zeros", see find first set
NTZ Stadium, homeground of SKA-Sverdlovsk
Natuzzi (NYSE ticker symbol)
the ISO code of the Saudi Arabian–Iraqi neutral zone |
Bruford may refer to:
Musical groups
Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe
Bruford (band)
Bruford Levin Upper Extremities
Bill Bruford's Earthworks
Places
Rose Bruford College
People with the surname
Alex Bruford, founder of Infadels
Bill Bruford (born 1949), English drummer
Marjorie Frances Bruford (1902-1958), British artist
Michael W. Bruford (born 1963), British molecular ecologist and conservation biologist
Robert Bruford (1868–1939), English farmer, agriculturist and politician
Walter Horace Bruford (1894–1988), British scholar of German literature
Albums
The Bruford Tapes
Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe (album)
Bruford Levin Upper Extremities (album)
See also
Bluford (disambiguation)
Buford (disambiguation)
Burford (disambiguation)
Bufford |
Nelli Nailevna Zhiganshina (; born 31 March 1987) is a Russian-born German ice dancer. With Alexander Gazsi, she is a six-time German national champion (2007, 2011–2015) and has won twelve international medals. They have placed as high as 6th at the European Championships and 10th at the World Championships.
Personal life
Nelli Zhiganshina was born on 31 March 1987 in Moscow. She is the elder sister of Ruslan Zhiganshin, who is a competitive ice dancer for Russia. Their mother is a children's skating coach.
Zhiganshina passed a German citizenship test in 2011 and filed documents to renounce her Russian citizenship, as required by Germany. In November 2013, it was announced that she had been released by Russia, allowing her to take German citizenship.
Career
Early years
Zhiganshina began skating in 1990 at the age of three. She took up ice dancing at 12. Zhiganshina competed with Denis Bazdirev for Russia until the end of 2004, appearing four times on the ISU Junior Grand Prix series.
Partnership with Alexander Gazsi
2005–2010
In June 2005, Zhiganshina had a tryout with Alexander Gazsi in Moscow and agreed to skate with him for Germany. At the start of their partnership, they trained mainly in Moscow with coaches Elena Kustarova and Svetlana Alexeeva and, during summers, in Berlin and Chemnitz due to Gazsi's army service. They later changed coaches to Alexander Zhulin and Oleg Volkov, also in Moscow.
Zhiganshina/Gazsi won bronze at their first German Championships in 2006, their only competition of the season. The next season they won their first national title, placed 16th at the 2007 Europeans and 18th at Worlds.
During the 2007–08 season, they made their debut on the Grand Prix circuit, placing 7th at Skate Canada and 8th at Cup of Russia. They won silver at German Nationals and again finished 18th at Worlds.
During the 2008–09 season, Zhiganshina/Gazsi did not compete on the Grand Prix circuit. Zhiganshina continued to visit Germany on a three-month tourist visa because the low income from the sport meant she did not qualify for residency and Germany did not have as high caliber ice dancers as Moscow to train alongside. Although favored to win 2009 German Nationals, they placed second and missed the European and World teams. They considered leaving competition to focus on show skating and worked with circus acrobats in Moscow but decided to continue their competitive career and moved to Oberstdorf, Germany in spring 2009 to work with coaches Rostislav Sinicyn and Martin Skotnicky. During the 2009–10 season, they placed third at German Nationals and were not sent to the European or World Championships. They were not eligible for the 2010 Winter Olympics due to Zhiganshina not having German citizenship.
2010–present
During the 2010–11 season, Zhiganshina/Gazsi again received no Grand Prix invitations but won three medals at senior B events. They won their second national title and were selected to compete at the European Championships for the first time in three years. At Europeans, they were 8th in the short dance, then edged past Nóra Hoffmann / Maxim Zavozin by 0.39 points into 7th place overall after the free dance. This was the first top-ten result for German ice dancers since 2003 (Kati Winkler / Rene Lohse). The result gave Germany two berths to the 2012 European ice dancing event. Zhiganshina/Gazsi finished 11th at the 2011 World Championships, earning invitations to two Grand Prix events the following season.
In preparation for the 2011–12 season, Zhiganshina/Gazsi went to Sofia, Bulgaria, to work with choreographer Maxim Staviski, with whom they also worked in previous years. They began their season at the 2011 Nebelhorn Trophy where they won the silver medal. After placing fourth at both of their Grand Prix events, the 2011 Skate America and 2011 NHK Trophy, the duo finished eighth at the 2012 European Championships and eleventh at the 2012 World Championships.
In 2012–13, Zhiganshina/Gazsi placed a career-best sixth at the 2013 European Championships and tenth at the 2013 World Championships. As a result of their Worlds placement, Germany qualified two spots in ice dancing at the 2014 Olympics.
In 2013–14, Zhiganshina/Gazsi won their fifth national title and were selected to represent Germany at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. Germany assigned them to the team event short dance, where they placed sixth; Germany, however, did not qualify for the free dance. Zhiganshina/Gazsi finished 11th in the separate ice dancing event.
Programs
(with Gazsi)
Competitive highlights
GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series (began in the 2014–15 season); JGP: Junior Grand Prix
With Gazsi for Germany
With Bazdirev for Russia
References
External links
1987 births
Living people
German female ice dancers
German people of Russian descent
Russian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Figure skaters from Moscow
Figure skaters at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic figure skaters for Germany
Naturalized citizens of Germany |
Stephen Jin-Woo Kim is a former State Department contractor who pleaded guilty to a felony count of disclosing classified information to Fox News reporter James Rosen. Prosecutors charged that Kim's actions indirectly alerted North Korea to what U.S. intelligence officials "knew or did not know about its military capabilities and preparedness."
Early life
He was born on August 15, 1967, in Seoul, South Korea. His family moved to New York in 1976. He attended Fordham Preparatory School, a Jesuit school. For college he went to the Georgetown University School of Foreign Service (1989). He tried out Wall Street but found the work did not suit him. Following that, he attended Harvard for a master's degree in national security (1992), and then Yale for a Ph.D. in diplomatic and military history (1999). He authored a book based on his dissertation. He has also extensively studied philosophy and literature.
Employment
After graduation, he went to work at the Center for Naval Analyses, where he analyzed US operations in Kosovo, Afghanistan, and Iraq. After the September 11 attacks, he moved to the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he focused on North Korea. He briefed the Defense Policy Board on his work as well as Henry Kissinger, Stephen Hadley, and Dick Cheney. He also worked at the Office of Net Assessment under the Secretary of Defense, analyzing Chinese nuclear issues.
In 2008, he went to work as a contractor at the State Department at the Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance. There, he was Senior Advisor for Intelligence to the Assistant Secretary of State for Verification, Compliance, and Implementation. He studied North Korea's nuclear program, especially its claims of dismantling its equipment. He also participated in nuclear war games at the Naval War College.
Incident with Rosen
In June 2009, Kim allegedly had a conversation with Rosen about North Korea planning a nuclear bomb test.
Indictment
In August 2010, Kim was indicted by a grand jury on two charges:
Unauthorized disclosure of national defense information in violation of (the Espionage Act)
Making false statements in violation of
The government alleges that Kim's conversation with Rosen contained information related to the "national defense" (793(d) does not use the word "classified"). The alleged false statements to the FBI occurred in September 2009, regarding whether or not Kim had any contact with Rosen (whom he allegedly met around March 2009).
Kim initially pleaded not guilty. Rosen and Fox were not named in the indictment (which listed them as a "reporter" and a "news organization"), but news reports identified the parties.
Kim was defended by prominent attorneys Abbe Lowell of Chadbourne & Parke and Paul M. Thompson and James M. Commons of McDermott Will & Emery. One of Lowell's arguments was that Bob Woodward's book Obama's Wars contains far more sensitive information than the information Kim is accused of leaking, which created a double standard in leak prosecution. Lowell also said that the DOJ is "stretch[ing] the espionage laws" and having a chilling effect on government officials communicating with the press. He also said that Kim would never do anything "for which he had any reason to believe would harm [US interests]."
Guilty plea
On February 7, 2014, Kim entered a guilty plea to a single felony count of disclosing classified national defense information to an unauthorized person, Rosen. His lawyer, Lowell, admitted that his client "made a decision to cross a line" and that he "should have known better." Assistant U.S. Attorney Michael Harvey added that Kim "was motivated not by an altruistic purpose but by his own ego and desire for professional advancement." Before sentencing, US District Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly said Kim "did lose his moral compass." Kim was sentenced to a 13-month prison term.
See also
Thomas Andrews Drake (NSA whistleblower charged under the Espionage Act, 2010)
Jeffrey Alexander Sterling (ex-CIA convicted under Espionage Act for revealing classified information to a reporter, 2010)
References
External links
stephenkim.org, legal defense trust website.
Court filings via Federation of American Scientists
1967 births
American whistleblowers
South Korean emigrants to the United States
Walsh School of Foreign Service alumni
Harvard University alumni
Living people
People convicted under the Espionage Act of 1917
Yale University alumni |
Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP2R4 gene.
Protein phosphatase 2A is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases and is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. Protein phosphatase 2A holoenzymes are heterotrimeric proteins composed of a structural subunit A, a catalytic subunit C, and a regulatory subunit B. The regulatory subunit is encoded by a diverse set of genes that have been grouped into the B/PR55, B'/PR61, and B''/PR72 families. These different regulatory subunits confer distinct enzymatic specificities and intracellular localizations to the holozenzyme. The product of this gene belongs to the B' family. This gene encodes a specific phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activator of the dimeric form of protein phosphatase 2A. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Interactions
PPP2R4 has been shown to interact with PPP2R3A, CCNG1 and Janus kinase 2.
References
Further reading |
The Minnesota Senate Republican Caucus is the formal organization of the Republican members of the Minnesota Senate. With 33 members, the current minority leader is Senator Mark Johnson.
Current leadership
Effective with the start of the 91st Minnesota Legislature, the caucus leadership is as follows:
Paul Gazelka (Nisswa) as Majority Leader
Michelle Benson (Ham Lake) as Deputy Majority Leader
Gary Dahms (Redwood Falls) as Assistant Majority Leader
Karin Housley (St. Marys Point) as Assistant Majority Leader
John Jasinski (Faribault) as Assistant Majority Leader
Warren Limmer (Maple Grove) as Assistant Majority Leader
Eric Pratt (Prior Lake) as Assistant Majority Leader
List of caucus leaders
The Republicans have held a majority in the Senate after just two elections since party organization resumed in 1973. The list of caucus leaders is as follows:
Notes
External links
Official website
Senate |
Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council (DGHC; 1988–2012), also once known for a short period of time as Darjeeling Gorkha Autonomous Hill Council, was a semi-autonomous body that looked after the administration of the hills of Darjeeling District in the state of West Bengal, India. DGHC had three subdivisions under its authority: Darjeeling, Kalimpong, and Kurseong and some areas of Siliguri subdivision.
Background
Gorkha National Liberation Front led by Subhash Ghisingh raised the demand for the creation of a state called Gorkhaland within India to be carved out of the hills of Darjeeling and areas of Dooars and Siliguri terai contiguous to Darjeeling. A violent agitation erupted in the Darjeeling hills from 1986 to 1988 in which 1200 people lost their lives.
Formation
The semi-autonomous Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council was the result of the signing of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council Agreement between the Central Government of India, the West Bengal Government and the Gorkha National Liberation Front in Kolkata on 22 August 1988. The ceremony took place at the Banquet Hall, Raj Bhavan (The Governor's Palace) at 10 A.M. The signatories to this tripartite agreement were: C.G. Somaih, Union Home Secretary (on the behalf of the Central Government of India), R.N. Sengupta, the State Chief Secretary (on the behalf of the Government of West Bengal) and Subhash Ghisingh (on the behalf of Gorkha National Liberation Front as the representative of the people of Darjeeling District). The Union Home Minister, Buta Singh, and the West Bengal Chief Minister, Jyoti Basu, also put their signatures on the agreement.
The Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council Act, 1988 (West Bengal Act XIII of 1988) was enacted by the West Bengal legislature which was assented to by the President of India and was first published in the Calcutta Gazette, Extraordinary of 15 October 1988. The council had wide control over finance, education, health, agriculture and economic development within its jurisdiction.
DGHC terms
The DGHC was administered from 1988 to 2005 for three successive terms by the GNLF with Subhash Ghisingh as the Chairman. The fourth DGHC elections were due in 2005. However, the government decided not to hold elections and instead made Subhash Ghisingh the sole caretaker administrator of the DGHC. Ghisingh signed a Memorandum of Settlement with the government on 6 December 2005 to set up a Sixth Schedule tribal council called the Gorkha Hill Council in place of the DGHC. Opposition from various political parties, social organizations and the people prevented the implementation of this agreement.
In March 2008, Ghisingh was forced to resign as caretaker after losing public support in the Darjeeling hills to Bimal Gurung-led Gorkha Janmukti Morcha. From March 2008 to August 2012, the West Bengal government appointed IAS officers as administrators of DGHC and no election to the council was held in that period.
Gorkhaland Territorial Administration
The Gorkha Janmukti Morcha signed a tripartite agreement with the state and central governments on 18 July 2011 for the formation of the Gorkhaland Territorial Administration (GTA) in the Darjeeling hills. Till the GTA body was formed, the DGHC continued in the Darjeeling hills with a Board of Administrators composed of the three MLAs from Darjeeling constituency, Kurseong constituency and Kalimpong constituency, the Darjeeling District Magistrate, and the DGHC Administrator. The GTA replaced the DGHC after the GTA body was formed in August 2012 through a West Bengal state act.
See also
Chowrasta Darjeeling
Mahakal temple
References
External links
Darjeeling District
Gorkhaland
Politics of Darjeeling district
Government of West Bengal
Politics of West Bengal
Autonomous regions of India
Politics of Gorkhaland
1988 establishments in West Bengal
2012 disestablishments in India |
Shir Hashirim ("Song of Songs") is a 1935 lost Yiddish-language film.
Cast
Samuel Goldenberg
Dora Weissman
Anna Toback
Mierele Gruber
Production and release
The film is based on the Shir Hashirim ("Song of Songs") operetta by Joseph Rumshinsky and Anshel Schorr. The low-budget Yiddish talkie, directed by Henry Lynn, intersperses English-language titles with the spoken dialogue. It was the first of six Yiddish films Lynn had been signed by the Empire Film Company to make. Variety estimated that the film cost ten to fifteen thousand dollars to produce.
The film premiered in October 1935 and has since been lost. It showed at New York's Acme Theatre in Union Square. Variety reported that the Acme's run lasted four days.
Reception
Variety Wolfe Kaufman, after disparaging the whole of Yiddish film, wrote that the film's director was unworthy of the job.
References
Bibliography
Further reading
American drama films
1930s American films |
The Miami Hurricanes men's basketball statistical leaders are individual statistical leaders of the Miami Hurricanes men's basketball program in various categories, including points, rebounds, assists, steals, and blocks. Within those areas, the lists identify single-game, single-season, and career leaders. The Hurricanes represent the University of Miami in the NCAA's Atlantic Coast Conference.
Miami began competing in intercollegiate basketball in 1927. However, the school's record book does not generally list records from before the 1950s, as records from before this period are often incomplete and inconsistent. Since scoring was much lower in this era, and teams played much fewer games during a typical season, it is likely that few or no players from this era would appear on these lists anyway.
The NCAA did not officially record assists as a stat until the 1983–84 season, and blocks and steals until the 1985–86 season, but Miami's record books includes players in these stats before these seasons. These lists are updated through the end of the 2019–20 season.
Scoring
Rebounds
Assists
Steals
Blocks
References
Lists of college basketball statistical leaders by team
Miami Hurricanes men's basketball players |
Catanduvas, Paraná is a municipality in the state of Paraná in the Southern Region of Brazil.
See also
List of municipalities in Paraná
References
Municipalities in Paraná |
6th Central Committee may refer to:
Central Committee of the 6th Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks), 1917–1918
6th Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party, 1954–1958
6th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, 1928–1945
6th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba, 2011–2016
6th Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany, 1963–1967
6th Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party, 1971–1975
6th Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party, 1948–1955
6th Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, 1996–2001
6th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, 1986–1991
Central Committee of the 6th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, 1952–1958
6th Central Committee of the Hungarian Working People's Party, 1954–1959
6th Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, 1980–2016 |
Cheke's day gecko (Phelsuma abbotti chekei) is a subspecies of day gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae.
Etymology
The subspecific name, chekei, is in honor of British ornithologist Anthony S. Cheke.
Distribution
P. a. chekei is found on the island of Madagascar.
Diet
P. a. chekei primarily eats insects and fruits.
Reproduction
P. a. chekei is oviparous.
References
Further reading
Börner A-R, Minuth W (1984). "On the taxonomy of the Indian Ocean Lizards of the Phelsuma madagascariensis species group (Reptilia: Gekkonidae)". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 81 (2): 243–281. (Phelsuma chekei, new species, p. 259).
Glaw F, Vences M (1994). A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar, Second Edition. Cologne, Germany: Vences & Glaw Verlag / Serpents Tale. 480 pp. .
Meier H, Böhme W (1996). "Zum taxonomischen Status des Formenkreises von Phelsuma abbotti STEJNEGER, 1893, mit Bemerkungen über P. masohoala RAXWORTHY & NUSSBAUM, 1994 ". Salamandra 32 (2): 85–98. (in German, with an abstract in English).
Phelsuma |
Christy Ekpukhon Ihunaegbo (born 6 February 1985 in Asaba) is a Nigerian sprinter who specializes in the 400 metres.
Her personal best time is 51.11 seconds, achieved in May 2007 in Brazzaville.
In 2008, she was found guilty of metenolone doping. The sample was delivered on 17 February 2008 in an in-competition test in Leipzig. Ekpukhon received a suspension from March 2008 to March 2010.
Achievements
References
External links
1985 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Delta State
Nigerian female sprinters
Athletes (track and field) at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Nigeria
Athletes (track and field) at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Nigeria
Doping cases in athletics
Nigerian sportspeople in doping cases
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
African Games gold medalists for Nigeria
African Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Athletes (track and field) at the 2007 All-Africa Games
Olympic female sprinters
20th-century Nigerian women
21st-century Nigerian women
Medallists at the 2006 Commonwealth Games |
The Iraqi Accord Front or Iraqi Accordance Front (Arabic: جبهة التوافق العراقية Jabhet Al-Tawafuq Al-'Iraqiyah) also known as Tawafuq is an Iraqi Sunni political coalition created on October 26, 2005 by the Iraqi Islamic Party to contest the December 2005 general election. As a large section of Iraq's Sunnis are composed by the populous Kurds, situated in northern Iraq and locally autonomous, the party's members are mostly Arab, and as such, its political efforts have largely been focused on protecting this community's interests as opposed to Iraq's non-Sunni population. In the 2005 election, its platform called for ending the US occupation of Iraq, revision of the new Iraqi constitution, repeal of the de-Ba'athification laws that had cost many Sunnis their government jobs and the restoration of the Iraqi Army, which was dissolved after the US overthrow of Saddam Hussein and which had a Sunni dominated officer corps. Despite this, the party has maintained that it is non-secular, even though the Ba'ath Party contained many prominent Sunnis.
Leadership
The Accordance Front was initially led by Adnan al-Dulaimi of the General Council for the People of Iraq. Ayad al-Samarrai replaced Adnan al-Dulaimi as leader in July 2007. In May 2009 Harith al-Obeidi was elected leader but was assassinated by terrorists weeks later.
Membership
In April 2010 Taha al-Liheibi a member of the Accordance Front was injured in the Green Zone in Baghdad.
The Accordance Front withdrew from Nouri al-Maliki's government in August 2007 but rejoined in April 2008.
In December 2008 the Iraqi National Dialogue Council withdrew from the Accordance Front.
December 2005 Parliamentary Election
In the December 2005 parliamentary election the Accordance Front consisted of:
Iraqi Islamic Party – led by Tariq al-Hashimi
General Council for the People of Iraq – led by Adnan al-Dulaimi and
Iraqi National Dialogue Council – led by Khalaf al-Ulayyan
Results
The Accordance Front received 15.1% of the vote and 44 out of 275 seats, coming third overall to the United Iraqi Alliance and the Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan.
March 2010 Parliamentary Election
Prior to the 2010 Iraqi parliamentary election, a number of components left the Front to join other political coalitions. In particular:
Vice President Tariq al-Hashemi formed the Renewal List (Tajdeed), which joined the secular Iraqiyya coalition
Deputy Prime Minister Dr. Rafi al-Issawi formed the National Future Gathering which also joined Iraqiyya
Khalaf al-Ulayyan joined the Unity Alliance of Iraq
The remaining Front parties were:
Iraqi Islamic Party – now led by Osama Tawfiq al-Tikriti
General Council for the People of Iraq – led by Khaled al-Baraa after Adnan al-Dulaimi was banned
Turkmen Justice Party – led by Hassan Tawran
Independent candidates, including Taiseer Mashhadani, Salim Jabbouri and Mutshar Aliawi
Results
Tawafuq's overall performance was disappointing as they dropped from Iraq's third biggest list, in 2005 with 1,840,216 (14.85%) votes to Iraq's seventh list in 2010, with 298,226 (2.59%) and from 44 (out of 275) seats in 2005 to a mere 6 (out of 325) seats in 2010. They remained the second largest list in Sunni Arab areas, after Ayad Allawi's secular al-Iraqiyya List.
References
Political party alliances in Iraq
Sunni Islamic political parties
Political parties of minorities |
Parholaspella is a genus of mites in the family Parholaspididae.
References
Parholaspididae
Articles created by Qbugbot |
Luis Miguel Ramírez Romero (born 29 September 1969) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PAN. As of 2013 he served as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Morelos.
References
1969 births
Living people
People from Cuernavaca
National Action Party (Mexico) politicians
21st-century Mexican politicians
Members of the Congress of Morelos
Politicians from Morelos
Deputies of the LXII Legislature of Mexico
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Morelos |
Larry A. Nagahara, of the National Cancer Institute, was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after he was nominated by their Topical Group on Instrument and Measurement Science in 2008, for his pioneering work in developing scanning probe microscopy and other nanotechnology platforms for the analysis, manipulation and measurements at the nanoscale and of molecular components and for the elucidation of the fundamental physical principles underlying these systems.
Since 2016, Nagahara has served as the Associate Dean of Research at Johns Hopkins University's G.W.C. Whiting School of Engineering.
References
Fellows of the American Physical Society
American physicists
Living people
University of California, Davis alumni
Year of birth missing (living people) |
CHEY-FM is a French-language radio station located in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada.
Owned and operated by Bell Media, it broadcasts on 94.7 MHz using a directional antenna with an average effective radiated power of 20,600 watts and a peak effective radiated power of 100,000 watts (class C1).
The station has an adult contemporary format since its inception, in 1990 and is part of the "Rouge FM" network which operates across Quebec and Eastern Ontario. It started operations in 1990 as a sister station to CHLN radio; that station is now owned by Cogeco.
On August 18, 2011, at 4:00 p.m. EDT, the station ended its longtime 21-year run with the "RockDétente" branding. All "RockDétente" stations, including CHEY, rebranded as Rouge FM. The last song under "RockDétente" was "Pour que tu m'aimes encore" by Celine Dion, followed by a tribute of the branding. The first song under "Rouge" was "I Gotta Feeling" by Black Eyed Peas.
References
External links
94,7 Rouge
Hey
Hey
Hey
Hey
Radio stations established in 1990
1990 establishments in Quebec |
```kotlin
/*
* that can be found in the LICENSE file.
*/
// All classes and methods should be used in tests
@file:Suppress("UNUSED")
package conversions
import kotlin.native.concurrent.freeze
import kotlin.native.concurrent.isFrozen
import kotlin.native.internal.ObjCErrorException
import kotlin.native.ref.WeakReference
import kotlin.properties.ReadWriteProperty
import kotlin.reflect.KClass
import kotlin.reflect.KProperty
import kotlin.test.*
import kotlinx.cinterop.*
// Ensure loaded function IR classes aren't ordered by arity:
internal fun referenceFunction1(block: (Any?) -> Unit) {}
// Constants
const val dbl: Double = 3.14
const val flt: Float = 2.73F
const val integer: Int = 42
const val longInt: Long = 1984
// Vars
var intVar: Int = 451
var str = "Kotlin String"
var strAsAny: Any = "Kotlin String as Any"
// MIN/MAX values as Numbers
var minDoubleVal: kotlin.Number = Double.MIN_VALUE
var maxDoubleVal: kotlin.Number = Double.MAX_VALUE
// Infinities and NaN
val nanDoubleVal: Double = Double.NaN
val nanFloatVal: Float = Float.NaN
val infDoubleVal: Double = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY
val infFloatVal: Float = Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
private fun <T> T.toNullable(): T? = this
fun box(booleanValue: Boolean) = booleanValue.toNullable()
fun box(byteValue: Byte) = byteValue.toNullable()
fun box(shortValue: Short) = shortValue.toNullable()
fun box(intValue: Int) = intValue.toNullable()
fun box(longValue: Long) = longValue.toNullable()
fun box(uByteValue: UByte) = uByteValue.toNullable()
fun box(uShortValue: UShort) = uShortValue.toNullable()
fun box(uIntValue: UInt) = uIntValue.toNullable()
fun box(uLongValue: ULong) = uLongValue.toNullable()
fun box(floatValue: Float) = floatValue.toNullable()
fun box(doubleValue: Double) = doubleValue.toNullable()
private inline fun <reified T> ensureEquals(actual: T?, expected: T) {
if (actual !is T) error(T::class)
if (actual != expected) error(T::class)
}
fun ensureEqualBooleans(actual: Boolean?, expected: Boolean) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
fun ensureEqualBytes(actual: Byte?, expected: Byte) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
fun ensureEqualShorts(actual: Short?, expected: Short) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
fun ensureEqualInts(actual: Int?, expected: Int) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
fun ensureEqualLongs(actual: Long?, expected: Long) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
fun ensureEqualUBytes(actual: UByte?, expected: UByte) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
fun ensureEqualUShorts(actual: UShort?, expected: UShort) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
fun ensureEqualUInts(actual: UInt?, expected: UInt) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
fun ensureEqualULongs(actual: ULong?, expected: ULong) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
fun ensureEqualFloats(actual: Float?, expected: Float) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
fun ensureEqualDoubles(actual: Double?, expected: Double) = ensureEquals(actual, expected)
// Boolean
val boolVal: Boolean = true
val boolAnyVal: Any = false
// Lists
val numbersList: List<Number> = listOf(1.toByte(), 2.toShort(), 13)
val anyList: List<Any> = listOf("Str", 42, 3.14, true)
// lateinit
lateinit var lateinitIntVar: Any
// lazy
val lazyVal: String by lazy {
println("Lazy value initialization")
"Lazily initialized string"
}
// Delegation
var delegatedGlobalArray: Array<String> by DelegateClass()
class DelegateClass: ReadWriteProperty<Nothing?, Array<String>> {
private var holder: Array<String> = arrayOf("property")
override fun getValue(thisRef: Nothing?, property: KProperty<*>): Array<String> {
return arrayOf("Delegated", "global", "array") + holder
}
override fun setValue(thisRef: Nothing?, property: KProperty<*>, value: Array<String>) {
holder = value
}
}
// Getter with delegation
val delegatedList: List<String>
get() = delegatedGlobalArray.toList()
// Null
val nullVal: Any? = null
var nullVar: String? = ""
// Any
var anyValue: Any = "Str"
// Functions
fun emptyFun() { }
fun strFun(): String = "fooStr"
fun argsFun(i: Int, l: Long, d: Double, s: String): Any = s + i + l + d
fun funArgument(foo: () -> String): String = foo()
// Generic functions
fun <T, R> genericFoo(t: T, foo: (T) -> R): R = foo(t)
fun <T : Number, R : T> fooGenericNumber(r: R, foo: (T) -> Number): Number = foo(r)
fun <T> varargToList(vararg args: T): List<T> = args.toList()
// Extensions
fun String.subExt(i: Int): String {
return if (i < this.length) this[i].toString() else "nothing"
}
fun Any?.toString(): String = this?.toString() ?: "null"
fun Any?.print() = println(this.toString())
fun Char.boxChar(): Char? = this
fun Char?.isA(): Boolean = (this == 'A')
// Lambdas
val sumLambda = { x: Int, y: Int -> x + y }
// Inheritance
interface I {
fun iFun(): String = "I::iFun"
}
fun I.iFunExt() = iFun()
private interface PI {
fun piFun(): Any
fun iFun(): String = "PI::iFun"
}
class DefaultInterfaceExt : I
open class OpenClassI : I {
override fun iFun(): String = "OpenClassI::iFun"
}
class FinalClassExtOpen : OpenClassI() {
override fun iFun(): String = "FinalClassExtOpen::iFun"
}
open class MultiExtClass : OpenClassI(), PI {
override fun piFun(): Any {
return 42
}
override fun iFun(): String = super<PI>.iFun()
}
open class ConstrClass(open val i: Int, val s: String, val a: Any = "AnyS") : OpenClassI()
class ExtConstrClass(override val i: Int) : ConstrClass(i, "String") {
override fun iFun(): String = "ExtConstrClass::iFun::$i-$s-$a"
}
// Enum
enum class Enumeration(val enumValue: Int) {
ANSWER(42), YEAR(1984), TEMPERATURE(451)
}
fun passEnum(): Enumeration {
return Enumeration.ANSWER
}
fun receiveEnum(e: Int) {
println("ENUM got: ${get(e).enumValue}")
}
fun get(value: Int): Enumeration {
return Enumeration.values()[value]
}
// Data class values and generated properties: component# and toString()
data class TripleVals<T>(val first: T, val second: T, val third: T)
data class TripleVars<T>(var first: T, var second: T, var third: T) {
override fun toString(): String {
return "[$first, $second, $third]"
}
}
open class WithCompanionAndObject {
companion object {
val str = "String"
var named: I? = Named
}
object Named : OpenClassI() {
override fun iFun(): String = "WithCompanionAndObject.Named::iFun"
}
}
fun getCompanionObject() = WithCompanionAndObject.Companion
fun getNamedObject() = WithCompanionAndObject.Named
fun getNamedObjectInterface(): OpenClassI = WithCompanionAndObject.Named
typealias EE = Enumeration
fun EE.getAnswer() : EE = Enumeration.ANSWER
inline class IC1(val value: Int)
inline class IC2(val value: String)
inline class IC3(val value: TripleVals<Any?>?)
fun box(ic1: IC1): Any = ic1
fun box(ic2: IC2): Any = ic2
fun box(ic3: IC3): Any = ic3
fun concatenateInlineClassValues(ic1: IC1, ic1N: IC1?, ic2: IC2, ic2N: IC2?, ic3: IC3, ic3N: IC3?): String =
"${ic1.value} ${ic1N?.value} ${ic2.value} ${ic2N?.value} ${ic3.value} ${ic3N?.value}"
fun IC1.getValue1() = this.value
fun IC1?.getValueOrNull1() = this?.value
fun IC2.getValue2() = value
fun IC2?.getValueOrNull2() = this?.value
fun IC3.getValue3() = value
fun IC3?.getValueOrNull3() = this?.value
fun isFrozen(obj: Any): Boolean = obj.isFrozen
fun kotlinLambda(block: (Any) -> Any): Any = block
fun multiply(int: Int, long: Long) = int * long
class MyException : Exception()
class MyError : Error()
@Throws(MyException::class, MyError::class)
fun throwException(error: Boolean): Unit {
throw if (error) MyError() else MyException()
}
interface SwiftOverridableMethodsWithThrows {
@Throws(MyException::class) fun unit(): Unit
@Throws(MyException::class) fun nothing(): Nothing
@Throws(MyException::class) fun any(): Any
@Throws(MyException::class) fun block(): () -> Int
}
interface MethodsWithThrows : SwiftOverridableMethodsWithThrows {
@Throws(MyException::class) fun nothingN(): Nothing?
@Throws(MyException::class) fun anyN(): Any?
@Throws(MyException::class) fun blockN(): (() -> Int)?
@Throws(MyException::class) fun pointer(): CPointer<*>
@Throws(MyException::class) fun pointerN(): CPointer<*>?
@Throws(MyException::class) fun int(): Int
@Throws(MyException::class) fun longN(): Long?
@Throws(MyException::class) fun double(): Double
interface UnitCaller {
@Throws(MyException::class) fun call(methods: MethodsWithThrows): Unit
}
}
open class Throwing : MethodsWithThrows {
@Throws(MyException::class) constructor(doThrow: Boolean) {
if (doThrow) throw MyException()
}
override fun unit(): Unit = throw MyException()
override fun nothing(): Nothing = throw MyException()
override fun nothingN(): Nothing? = throw MyException()
override fun any(): Any = throw MyException()
override fun anyN(): Any? = throw MyException()
override fun block(): () -> Int = throw MyException()
override fun blockN(): (() -> Int)? = throw MyException()
override fun pointer(): CPointer<*> = throw MyException()
override fun pointerN(): CPointer<*>? = throw MyException()
override fun int(): Int = throw MyException()
override fun longN(): Long? = throw MyException()
override fun double(): Double = throw MyException()
}
class NotThrowing : MethodsWithThrows {
@Throws(MyException::class) constructor() {}
override fun unit(): Unit {}
override fun nothing(): Nothing = throw MyException()
override fun nothingN(): Nothing? = null
override fun any(): Any = Any()
override fun anyN(): Any? = Any()
override fun block(): () -> Int = { 42 }
override fun blockN(): (() -> Int)? = null
override fun pointer(): CPointer<*> = 1L.toCPointer<COpaque>()!!
override fun pointerN(): CPointer<*>? = null
override fun int(): Int = 42
override fun longN(): Long? = null
override fun double(): Double = 3.14
}
@Throws(Throwable::class)
fun testSwiftThrowing(methods: SwiftOverridableMethodsWithThrows) = with(methods) {
assertSwiftThrowing { unit() }
assertSwiftThrowing { nothing() }
assertSwiftThrowing { any() }
assertSwiftThrowing { block() }
}
private inline fun assertSwiftThrowing(block: () -> Unit) =
assertFailsWith<ObjCErrorException>(block = block)
@Throws(Throwable::class)
fun testSwiftNotThrowing(methods: SwiftOverridableMethodsWithThrows) = with(methods) {
unit()
assertEquals(42, any())
assertEquals(17, block()())
}
@Throws(MyError::class)
fun callUnit(methods: SwiftOverridableMethodsWithThrows) = methods.unit()
@Throws(Throwable::class)
fun callUnitCaller(caller: MethodsWithThrows.UnitCaller, methods: MethodsWithThrows) {
assertFailsWith<MyException> { caller.call(methods) }
}
interface ThrowsWithBridgeBase {
@Throws(MyException::class)
fun plusOne(x: Int): Any
}
abstract class ThrowsWithBridge : ThrowsWithBridgeBase {
abstract override fun plusOne(x: Int): Int
}
@Throws(Throwable::class)
fun testSwiftThrowing(test: ThrowsWithBridgeBase, flag: Boolean) {
assertFailsWith<ObjCErrorException> {
if (flag) {
test.plusOne(0)
} else {
val test1 = test as ThrowsWithBridge
val ignore: Int = test1.plusOne(1)
}
}
}
@Throws(Throwable::class)
fun testSwiftNotThrowing(test: ThrowsWithBridgeBase) {
assertEquals(3, test.plusOne(2))
val test1 = test as ThrowsWithBridge
assertEquals<Int>(4, test1.plusOne(3))
}
fun Any.same() = this
// path_to_url
val PROPERTY_NAME_MUST_NOT_BE_ALTERED_BY_SWIFT = 111
// path_to_url
class Deeply {
class Nested {
class Type {
val thirtyTwo = 32
}
interface IType
}
}
class WithGenericDeeply() {
class Nested {
class Type<T> {
val thirtyThree = 33
}
}
}
// path_to_url
class TypeOuter {
class Type {
val thirtyFour = 34
}
}
data class CKeywords(val float: Float, val `enum`: Int, var goto: Boolean)
interface Base1 {
fun same(value: Int?): Int?
}
interface ExtendedBase1 : Base1 {
override fun same(value: Int?): Int?
}
interface Base2 {
fun same(value: Int?): Int?
}
internal interface Base3 {
fun same(value: Int?): Int
}
open class Base23 : Base2, Base3 {
override fun same(value: Int?): Int = error("should not reach here")
}
fun call(base1: Base1, value: Int?) = base1.same(value)
fun call(extendedBase1: ExtendedBase1, value: Int?) = extendedBase1.same(value)
fun call(base2: Base2, value: Int?) = base2.same(value)
fun call(base3: Any, value: Int?) = (base3 as Base3).same(value)
fun call(base23: Base23, value: Int?) = base23.same(value)
interface Transform<T, R> {
fun map(value: T): R
}
interface TransformWithDefault<T> : Transform<T, T> {
override fun map(value: T): T = value
}
class TransformInheritingDefault<T> : TransformWithDefault<T>
interface TransformIntString {
fun map(intValue: Int): String
}
abstract class TransformIntToString : Transform<Int, String>, TransformIntString {
override abstract fun map(intValue: Int): String
}
open class TransformIntToDecimalString : TransformIntToString() {
override fun map(intValue: Int): String = intValue.toString()
}
private class TransformDecimalStringToInt : Transform<String, Int> {
override fun map(stringValue: String): Int = stringValue.toInt()
}
fun createTransformDecimalStringToInt(): Transform<String, Int> = TransformDecimalStringToInt()
open class TransformIntToLong : Transform<Int, Long> {
override fun map(value: Int): Long = value.toLong()
}
class GH2931 {
class Data
class Holder {
val data = Data()
init {
freeze()
}
}
}
class GH2945(var errno: Int) {
fun testErrnoInSelector(p: Int, errno: Int) = p + errno
}
class GH2830 {
interface I
private class PrivateImpl : I
fun getI(): Any = PrivateImpl()
}
class GH2959 {
interface I {
val id: Int
}
private class PrivateImpl(override val id: Int) : I
fun getI(id: Int): List<I> = listOf(PrivateImpl(id))
}
fun runUnitBlock(block: () -> Unit): Boolean {
val blockAny: () -> Any? = block
return blockAny() === Unit
}
fun asUnitBlock(block: () -> Any?): () -> Unit = { block() }
fun runNothingBlock(block: () -> Nothing) = try {
block()
false
} catch (e: Throwable) {
true
}
fun asNothingBlock(block: () -> Any?): () -> Nothing = {
block()
TODO()
}
fun getNullBlock(): (() -> Unit)? = null
fun isBlockNull(block: (() -> Unit)?): Boolean = block == null
interface IntBlocks<T> {
fun getPlusOneBlock(): T
fun callBlock(argument: Int, block: T): Int
}
object IntBlocksImpl : IntBlocks<(Int) -> Int> {
override fun getPlusOneBlock(): (Int) -> Int = { it: Int -> it + 1 }
override fun callBlock(argument: Int, block: (Int) -> Int): Int = block(argument)
}
interface UnitBlockCoercion<T : Any> {
fun coerce(block: () -> Unit): T
fun uncoerce(block: T): () -> Unit
}
object UnitBlockCoercionImpl : UnitBlockCoercion<() -> Unit> {
override fun coerce(block: () -> Unit): () -> Unit = block
override fun uncoerce(block: () -> Unit): () -> Unit = block
}
fun isFunction(obj: Any?): Boolean = obj is Function<*>
fun isFunction0(obj: Any?): Boolean = obj is Function0<*>
abstract class MyAbstractList : List<Any?>
fun takeForwardDeclaredClass(obj: objcnames.classes.ForwardDeclaredClass) {}
fun takeForwardDeclaredProtocol(obj: objcnames.protocols.ForwardDeclaredProtocol) {}
class TestKClass {
fun getKotlinClass(clazz: ObjCClass) = getOriginalKotlinClass(clazz)
fun getKotlinClass(protocol: ObjCProtocol) = getOriginalKotlinClass(protocol)
fun isTestKClass(kClass: KClass<*>): Boolean = (kClass == TestKClass::class)
fun isI(kClass: KClass<*>): Boolean = (kClass == TestKClass.I::class)
interface I
}
// path_to_url
interface ForwardI2 : ForwardI1
interface ForwardI1 {
fun getForwardI2(): ForwardI2
}
abstract class ForwardC2 : ForwardC1()
abstract class ForwardC1 {
abstract fun getForwardC2(): ForwardC2
}
interface TestSR10177Workaround
interface TestClashes1 {
val clashingProperty: Int
}
interface TestClashes2 {
val clashingProperty: Any
val clashingProperty_: Any
}
class TestClashesImpl : TestClashes1, TestClashes2 {
override val clashingProperty: Int
get() = 1
override val clashingProperty_: Int
get() = 2
}
class TestInvalidIdentifiers {
class `$Foo`
class `Bar$`
fun `a$d$d`(`$1`: Int, `2`: Int, `3`: Int): Int = `$1` + `2` + `3`
var `$status`: String = ""
enum class E(val value: Int) {
`4$`(4),
`5$`(5),
`_`(6),
`__`(7)
}
companion object `Companion$` {
val `42` = 42
}
val `$` = '$'
val `_` = '_'
}
@Suppress("UNUSED_PARAMETER")
open class TestDeprecation() {
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) open class OpenHidden : TestDeprecation()
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") class ExtendingHidden : OpenHidden() {
class Nested
}
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) interface HiddenInterface {
fun effectivelyHidden(): Any
}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") open class ImplementingHidden : Any(), HiddenInterface {
override fun effectivelyHidden(): Int = -1
}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR")
fun callEffectivelyHidden(obj: Any): Int = (obj as HiddenInterface).effectivelyHidden() as Int
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) class Hidden : TestDeprecation() {
open class Nested {
class Nested
inner class Inner
}
inner class Inner {
inner class Inner
}
}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") class ExtendingNestedInHidden : Hidden.Nested()
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun getHidden() = Hidden()
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) constructor(hidden: Byte) : this()
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) fun hidden() {}
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) val hiddenVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) var hiddenVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) open fun openHidden() {}
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) open val openHiddenVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) open var openHiddenVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) open class OpenError : TestDeprecation()
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") class ExtendingError : OpenError()
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) interface ErrorInterface
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") class ImplementingError : ErrorInterface
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) class Error : TestDeprecation()
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun getError() = Error()
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) constructor(error: Short) : this()
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) fun error() {}
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) val errorVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) var errorVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) open fun openError() {}
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) open val openErrorVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) open var openErrorVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) open class OpenWarning : TestDeprecation()
@Suppress("DEPRECATION") class ExtendingWarning : OpenWarning()
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) interface WarningInterface
@Suppress("DEPRECATION") class ImplementingWarning : WarningInterface
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) class Warning : TestDeprecation()
@Suppress("DEPRECATION") fun getWarning() = Warning()
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) constructor(warning: Int) : this()
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) fun warning() {}
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) val warningVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) var warningVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) open fun openWarning() {}
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) open val openWarningVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) open var openWarningVar: Any? = null
constructor(normal: Long) : this()
fun normal() {}
val normalVal: Any? = null
var normalVar: Any? = null
open fun openNormal(): Int = 1
open val openNormalVal: Any? = null
open var openNormalVar: Any? = null
class HiddenOverride() : TestDeprecation() {
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) constructor(hidden: Byte) : this()
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override fun openHidden() {}
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override val openHiddenVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override var openHiddenVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) constructor(error: Short) : this()
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override fun openError() {}
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override val openErrorVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override var openErrorVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) constructor(warning: Int) : this()
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override fun openWarning() {}
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override val openWarningVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override var openWarningVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) constructor(normal: Long) : this()
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override fun openNormal(): Int = 2
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override val openNormalVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) override var openNormalVar: Any? = null
}
class ErrorOverride() : TestDeprecation() {
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) constructor(hidden: Byte) : this()
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override fun openHidden() {}
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override val openHiddenVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override var openHiddenVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) constructor(error: Short) : this()
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override fun openError() {}
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override val openErrorVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override var openErrorVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) constructor(warning: Int) : this()
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override fun openWarning() {}
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override val openWarningVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override var openWarningVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) constructor(normal: Long) : this()
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override fun openNormal(): Int = 3
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override val openNormalVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) override var openNormalVar: Any? = null
}
class WarningOverride() : TestDeprecation() {
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) constructor(hidden: Byte) : this()
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override fun openHidden() {}
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override val openHiddenVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override var openHiddenVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) constructor(error: Short) : this()
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override fun openError() {}
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override val openErrorVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override var openErrorVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) constructor(warning: Int) : this()
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override fun openWarning() {}
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override val openWarningVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override var openWarningVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) constructor(normal: Long) : this()
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override fun openNormal(): Int = 4
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override val openNormalVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) override var openNormalVar: Any? = null
}
class NormalOverride() : TestDeprecation() {
constructor(hidden: Byte) : this()
override fun openHidden() {}
override val openHiddenVal: Any? = null
override var openHiddenVar: Any? = null
constructor(error: Short) : this()
override fun openError() {}
override val openErrorVal: Any? = null
override var openErrorVar: Any? = null
constructor(warning: Int) : this()
override fun openWarning() {}
override val openWarningVal: Any? = null
override var openWarningVar: Any? = null
constructor(normal: Long) : this()
override fun openNormal(): Int = 5
override val openNormalVal: Any? = null
override var openNormalVar: Any? = null
}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(hiddenNested: Hidden.Nested) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(hiddenNestedNested: Hidden.Nested.Nested) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(hiddenNestedInner: Hidden.Nested.Inner) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(hiddenInner: Hidden.Inner) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(hiddenInnerInner: Hidden.Inner.Inner) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(topLevelHidden: TopLevelHidden) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(topLevelHiddenNested: TopLevelHidden.Nested) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(topLevelHiddenNestedNested: TopLevelHidden.Nested.Nested) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(topLevelHiddenNestedInner: TopLevelHidden.Nested.Inner) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(topLevelHiddenInner: TopLevelHidden.Inner) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(topLevelHiddenInnerInner: TopLevelHidden.Inner.Inner) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(extendingHiddenNested: ExtendingHidden.Nested) {}
@Suppress("DEPRECATION_ERROR") fun test(extendingNestedInHidden: ExtendingNestedInHidden) {}
}
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) class TopLevelHidden {
class Nested {
class Nested
inner class Inner
}
inner class Inner {
inner class Inner
}
}
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) fun hidden() {}
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) val hiddenVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("hidden", level = DeprecationLevel.HIDDEN) var hiddenVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) fun error() {}
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) val errorVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("error", level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR) var errorVar: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) fun warning() {}
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) val warningVal: Any? = null
@Deprecated("warning", level = DeprecationLevel.WARNING) var warningVar: Any? = null
fun gc() {
kotlin.native.internal.GC.collect()
}
class TestWeakRefs(private val frozen: Boolean) {
private var obj: Any? = Any().also {
if (frozen) it.freeze()
}
fun getObj() = obj!!
fun clearObj() {
obj = null
}
fun createCycle(): List<Any> {
val node1 = Node(null)
val node2 = Node(node1)
node1.next = node2
if (frozen) node1.freeze()
return listOf(node1, node2)
}
private class Node(var next: Node?)
}
class SharedRefs {
class MutableData {
var x = 0
fun update() { x += 1 }
}
fun createRegularObject(): MutableData = create { MutableData() }
fun createLambda(): () -> Unit = create {
var mutableData = 0
{
println(mutableData++)
}
}
fun createCollection(): MutableList<Any> = create {
mutableListOf()
}
fun createFrozenRegularObject() = createRegularObject().freeze()
fun createFrozenLambda() = createLambda().freeze()
fun createFrozenCollection() = createCollection().freeze()
fun hasAliveObjects(): Boolean {
kotlin.native.internal.GC.collect()
return mustBeRemoved.any { it.get() != null }
}
private fun <T : Any> create(block: () -> T) = block()
.also { mustBeRemoved += WeakReference(it) }
private val mustBeRemoved = mutableListOf<WeakReference<*>>()
}
interface TestRememberNewObject {
fun getObject(): Any
fun waitForCleanup()
}
fun testRememberNewObject(test: TestRememberNewObject) {
val obj = autoreleasepool { test.getObject() }
test.waitForCleanup()
assertNotEquals("", obj.toString()) // Likely crashes if object is removed.
}
open class ClassForTypeCheck
fun testClassTypeCheck(x: Any) = x is ClassForTypeCheck
interface InterfaceForTypeCheck
fun testInterfaceTypeCheck(x: Any) = x is InterfaceForTypeCheck
interface IAbstractInterface {
fun foo(): Int
}
interface IAbstractInterface2 {
fun foo() = 42
}
fun testAbstractInterfaceCall(x: IAbstractInterface) = x.foo()
fun testAbstractInterfaceCall2(x: IAbstractInterface2) = x.foo()
abstract class AbstractInterfaceBase : IAbstractInterface {
override fun foo() = bar()
abstract fun bar(): Int
}
abstract class AbstractInterfaceBase2 : IAbstractInterface2
abstract class AbstractInterfaceBase3 : IAbstractInterface {
abstract override fun foo(): Int
}
var gh3525BaseInitCount = 0
open class GH3525Base {
init {
gh3525BaseInitCount++
}
}
var gh3525InitCount = 0
object GH3525 : GH3525Base() {
init {
gh3525InitCount++
}
}
class TestStringConversion {
lateinit var str: Any
}
fun foo(a: kotlin.native.concurrent.AtomicReference<*>) {}
interface GH3825 {
@Throws(MyException::class) fun call0(callback: () -> Boolean)
@Throws(MyException::class) fun call1(doThrow: Boolean, callback: () -> Unit)
@Throws(MyException::class) fun call2(callback: () -> Unit, doThrow: Boolean)
}
class GH3825KotlinImpl : GH3825 {
override fun call0(callback: () -> Boolean) {
if (callback()) throw MyException()
}
override fun call1(doThrow: Boolean, callback: () -> Unit) {
if (doThrow) throw MyException()
callback()
}
override fun call2(callback: () -> Unit, doThrow: Boolean) {
if (doThrow) throw MyException()
callback()
}
}
@Throws(Throwable::class)
fun testGH3825(gh3825: GH3825) {
var count = 0
assertFailsWith<ObjCErrorException> { gh3825.call0({ true }) }
gh3825.call0({ count += 1; false })
assertEquals(1, count)
assertFailsWith<ObjCErrorException> { gh3825.call1(true, { fail() }) }
gh3825.call1(false, { count += 1 })
assertEquals(2, count)
assertFailsWith<ObjCErrorException> { gh3825.call2({ fail() }, true) }
gh3825.call2({ count += 1 }, false)
assertEquals(3, count)
}
fun mapBoolean2String(): Map<Boolean, String> = mapOf(Pair(false, "false"), Pair(true, "true"))
fun mapByte2Short(): Map<Byte, Short> = mapOf(Pair(-1, 2))
fun mapShort2Byte(): Map<Short, Byte> = mapOf(Pair(-2, 1))
fun mapInt2Long(): Map<Int, Long> = mapOf(Pair(-4, 8))
fun mapLong2Long(): Map<Long, Long> = mapOf(Pair(-8, 8))
fun mapUByte2Boolean(): Map<UByte, Boolean> = mapOf(Pair(0x80U, true))
fun mapUShort2Byte(): Map<UShort, Byte> = mapOf(Pair(0x8000U, 1))
fun mapUInt2Long(): Map<UInt, Long> = mapOf(Pair(0x7FFF_FFFFU, 7), Pair(0x8000_0000U, 8))
fun mapULong2Long(): Map<ULong, Long> = mapOf(Pair(0x8000_0000_0000_0000UL, 8))
fun mapFloat2Float(): Map<Float, Float> = mapOf(Pair(3.14f, 100f))
fun mapDouble2String(): Map<Double, String> = mapOf(Pair(2.718281828459045, "2.718281828459045"))
fun mutBoolean2String(): MutableMap<Boolean, String> = mutableMapOf(Pair(false, "false"), Pair(true, "true"))
fun mutByte2Short(): MutableMap<Byte, Short> = mutableMapOf(Pair(-1, 2))
fun mutShort2Byte(): MutableMap<Short, Byte> = mutableMapOf(Pair(-2, 1))
fun mutInt2Long(): MutableMap<Int, Long> = mutableMapOf(Pair(-4, 8))
fun mutLong2Long(): MutableMap<Long, Long> = mutableMapOf(Pair(-8, 8))
fun mutUByte2Boolean(): MutableMap<UByte, Boolean> = mutableMapOf(Pair(128U, true))
fun mutUShort2Byte(): MutableMap<UShort, Byte> = mutableMapOf(Pair(32768U, 1))
fun mutUInt2Long(): MutableMap<UInt, Long> = mutableMapOf(Pair(0x8000_0000U, 8))
fun mutULong2Long(): MutableMap<ULong, Long> = mutableMapOf(Pair(0x8000_0000_0000_0000UL, 8))
fun mutFloat2Float(): MutableMap<Float, Float> = mutableMapOf(Pair(3.14f, 100f))
fun mutDouble2String(): MutableMap<Double, String> = mutableMapOf(Pair(2.718281828459045, "2.718281828459045"))
interface Foo_FakeOverrideInInterface<T> {
fun foo(t: T?)
}
interface Bar_FakeOverrideInInterface : Foo_FakeOverrideInInterface<String>
fun callFoo_FakeOverrideInInterface(obj: Bar_FakeOverrideInInterface) {
obj.foo(null)
}
``` |
```html
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<a name="boost.icl.is_interval_co_idp58341776"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
<div class="refnamediv">
<h2><span class="refentrytitle">Struct template is_interval_container<icl::interval_base_map< SubType, DomainT, CodomainT, Traits, Compare, Combine, Section, Interval, Alloc >></span></h2>
<p>boost::icl::is_interval_container<icl::interval_base_map< SubType, DomainT, CodomainT, Traits, Compare, Combine, Section, Interval, Alloc >></p>
</div>
<h2 xmlns:rev="path_to_url~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" class="refsynopsisdiv-title">Synopsis</h2>
<div xmlns:rev="path_to_url~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" class="refsynopsisdiv"><pre class="synopsis"><span class="comment">// In header: <<a class="link" href="../../header/boost/icl/interval_base_map_hpp.html" title="Header <boost/icl/interval_base_map.hpp>">boost/icl/interval_base_map.hpp</a>>
</span><span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> SubType<span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> DomainT<span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> CodomainT<span class="special">,</span>
<span class="keyword">typename</span> Traits<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">ICL_COMPARE</span> Compare<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">ICL_COMBINE</span> Combine<span class="special">,</span>
<span class="identifier">ICL_SECTION</span> Section<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">ICL_INTERVAL</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">ICL_COMPARE</span><span class="special">)</span> Interval<span class="special">,</span>
<span class="identifier">ICL_ALLOC</span> Alloc<span class="special">></span>
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <a class="link" href="is_interval_co_idp58341776.html" title="Struct template is_interval_container<icl::interval_base_map< SubType, DomainT, CodomainT, Traits, Compare, Combine, Section, Interval, Alloc >>">is_interval_container</a><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">icl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">interval_base_map</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">SubType</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">DomainT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">CodomainT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Compare</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Combine</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Section</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Interval</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Alloc</span> <span class="special">></span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">{</span>
<span class="comment">// types</span>
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">is_interval_container</span><span class="special"><</span> <a class="link" href="interval_base_map.html" title="Class template interval_base_map">icl::interval_base_map</a><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">SubType</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">DomainT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">CodomainT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Compare</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Combine</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Section</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Interval</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Alloc</span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <a name="boost.icl.is_interval_co_idp58341776.type"></a><span class="identifier">type</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="comment">// <a class="link" href="is_interval_co_idp58341776.html#idp58353056-bb">public member functions</a></span>
<a class="link" href="is_interval_co_idp58341776.html#idp58353616-bb"><span class="identifier">BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT</span></a><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">bool</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">true</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="special">}</span><span class="special">;</span></pre></div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a name="idp115381632"></a><h2>Description</h2>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="idp115382048"></a><h3>
<a name="idp58353056-bb"></a><code class="computeroutput">is_interval_container</code> public member functions</h3>
<div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><pre class="literallayout"> <a name="idp58353616-bb"></a><span class="identifier">BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">bool</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">true</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="special">;</span></pre></li></ol></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<table xmlns:rev="path_to_url~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
<td align="left"></td>
GmbH<p>
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="path_to_url" target="_top">path_to_url
</p>
</div></td>
</tr></table>
<hr>
<div class="spirit-nav">
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``` |
Syracuse Suburban Airport is a former privately owned public-use airport in Oswego County, New York, United States. It is located 13 nautical miles (24 km) north of the central business district of the city of Syracuse. The airport is off Gildner Road in the village of Central Square, which is located in the Town of Hastings. The airport redevelopment was not completed and one of the owners pleaded guilty to bank fraud in July 2014.
According to the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, the facility is categorized as a reliever airport for the Syracuse Hancock International Airport.
History
The airfield dates back to around 1960, and it was in operation until the mid-1980s. Its original name was Central Square Airport. In the 1970s the town board changed the zoning to residential but the airport was exempted as long as it remained open.
Syracuse Suburban Airport LLC purchased the 93 acre airport site for $350,000 on July 2, 2004. That same year it was awarded a $300,000 grant from New York State to rehabilitate its runway and conduct a master plan study that would be required to complete additional projects. In 2005 the company spent $414,000 to purchase three additional properties totaling .
In January 2008, the Hastings Town Board denied a zoning change that would have allowed Syracuse Suburban Airport to reopen. The town contends the grandfathered use as an airport expired because the previous owner sold the property in 2004 and it hasn't been used as an airport since that time. However, the current owners have a pending lawsuit against the Hastings Zoning Board of Appeals, which will be heard in the New York State Supreme Court.
One of the airport's owners also owned Michael Airfield in nearby Cicero, New York, which has been closed. That airport's federally funded status was transferred to Syracuse Suburban Airport, where a new runway was under construction in 2009. The new runway was completed in 2010.
Facilities
Syracuse Suburban Airport covers an area of at an elevation of 400 feet (122 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 16/34 which measures 2,500 by 60 feet (762 x 18 m).
Previous FAA records listed a runway 15/33 with a 2,660 by 43 foot (811 x 13 m) asphalt surface. Although still listed as operational by the FAA, aerial photographs showed the runway marked with X's which indicated that it was closed.
References
External links
Defunct airports in New York (state)
Airports in New York (state)
Transportation in Syracuse, New York |
is a professional Japanese baseball player. He is an outfielder for the Yokohama DeNA Bay Stars of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).
References
1995 births
Living people
Nippon Professional Baseball outfielders
Baseball people from Osaka Prefecture
Yokohama DeNA BayStars players |
The Battle of Kathio, or Battle of Izatys, was an oral tradition of the Chippewa reporting a battle fought in 1750 between Chippewas and the Sioux at the village of Kathio, or Izatys, on the Rum River next to Mille Lacs Lake.
According to tradition an old man, living in a Chippewa village at the Fond du Lac (end of the lake), had four adult sons. They frequently made trips to visit the Sioux and they often returned home with gifts. During one particular trip one of the sons was killed in a quarrel over a Sioux woman. The remaining three brothers returned home for a short while, then returned to the Sioux, convinced the death of their brother was a mistake. However, upon this trip, only one brother returned home to his father safely. The last son, filled with forgiveness, went to seek the Sioux and reconcile their differences, but only met his death in the Sioux village.
For two years after, the father hunted and worked hard to obtain enough ammunition and supplies to raid the Sioux village and seek his revenge. As was the custom, he sent his tobacco and war club to the other Chippewa villages asking for help to accompany him "in search of his sons". The response was overwhelming and a large war party assembled at Fond du Lac. The Chippewas were victorious, and gained control of the northern part of what became modern day Minnesota as a result.
To date no archaeological evidence has been found to support the historical validity of this story, although French explorer Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Lhut did, in 1679, record the existence of 40 Sioux villages in the vicinity.
The last vestige of Sioux domination in this area was broken with the destruction, in about the year 1750, of the great Sioux village of Kathio on the Rum River, near the present village of Vineland.
See also
Mille Lacs Kathio State Park
Notes
References
External links
National Historic Landmarks program of the National Park Service
National Park Service's Survey of Historic Sites and Buildings: Kathio Site
Transcript of Radiograms of Minnesota History: Sioux versus Chippewa , courtesy of Minnesota Historical Society.
Kathio
Conflicts in 1750
Native American history of Minnesota
1750 in North America |
Uranophenga is a monotypic moth genus in the sedge moth family (Glyphipterigidae). The genus was described by Alexey Diakonoff in 1951. Its only species, Uranophenga lemniscata, was described by the same author in 1952. It is found in Myanmar.
References
Moths described in 1952
Glyphipterigidae |
Kirchdorf am Inn is a municipality in the district of Ried im Innkreis in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.
Geography
Kirchdorf lies in the Innviertel. About 7 percent of the municipality is forest, and 61 percent is farmland.
Populated places
The municipality of Kirchdorf consists of the following populated places (with population in brackets as of 1 January 2022).
Graben (65)
Katzenberg (126)
Katzenbergleithen (32)
Kirchdorf am Inn (254)
Pirath (53)
Simetsham (40)
Ufer (71)
References
Cities and towns in Ried im Innkreis District |
```xml
export interface ArrangePoint {
tick: number
trackIndex: number
}
export namespace ArrangePoint {
export function sub(v1: ArrangePoint, v2: ArrangePoint) {
return {
tick: v1.tick - v2.tick,
trackIndex: v1.trackIndex - v2.trackIndex,
}
}
export function clamp(point: ArrangePoint, maxTrackIndex: number) {
return {
tick: Math.max(0, point.tick),
trackIndex: Math.max(0, Math.min(maxTrackIndex, point.trackIndex)),
}
}
}
``` |
Roberto Velayo Ongpin (January 6, 1937 – February 4, 2023) was a Filipino businessman who served as the Minister of Commerce and Industry (initially as Minister of Industry) during the Marcos administration. His younger brother Jaime served as the Minister of Finance of the Philippines under Marcos's successor, President Corazon Aquino.
In the 2018 ranking by Forbes of the world's richest, Ongpin was named as the Philippines' twelfth wealthiest Filipino (up from sixteenth in 2017), with a net worth US$3.72 billion.
Early life and education
Ongpin was born on January 6, 1937. He was the second of seven children by Luis Roa Ongpin and Lourdes Morales Velayo. He grew up in the neighborhood of Pinaglabanan in San Juan, which was then a suburb of the City of Manila and a part of Rizal province. He was a great-grandson of Román T. Ongpin, a businessman and philanthropist who aided Filipino revolutionaries against the Spanish and American colonial administrations in the Philippines. The Ongpins have been named as among the "most influential and enduring families of the Philippines" for their contributions to the nation's growth.
Ongpin attended school through a scholarship. After graduating high school from the Ateneo de Manila, he went on to earn a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (cum laude) from the Ateneo de Manila University in 1957. He became a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in 1958, after which he briefly joined Philippine Manufacturing Company (now Procter & Gamble Philippines).
In 1961, Ongpin earned his Masters of Business Administration from Harvard University. It was during his time in Harvard that he met and married his wife of 55 years, Monica Arellano of Valparaiso, Chile. They have two children together, Stephen Arellano Ongpin and Anna Arellano Ongpin. He also has two other children from different mothers, Michelle Schroer Ongpin, and Julian Stone Ongpin. He has three grandchildren.
Early career
Sycip, Gorres, Velayo & Company
After moving back to the Philippines in 1963, Roberto V. Ongpin was recruited by his maternal uncle, Alfredo Velayo to work for "the Philippines' largest multidisciplinary professional services firm," Sycip Gorres Velayo & Company (SGV). According to SGV founder Washington Sycip, Ongpin was "one of the most aggressive and effective managers" he has ever known. In 1966, two years after joining the firm, Ongpin – who was barely 30 years old at that time – was named a managing partner of SGV. He served the firm from 1964 to 1979.
Minister of Trade and Industry
In 1979, Ongpin became the Philippines' youngest Commerce and Industry minister at the age of 42 when he accepted the invitation of then Philippine President, Ferdinand E. Marcos, Sr., to join his cabinet.
During his seven years as minister, Ongpin grappled with the deteriorating economy as political instability made funding from international agencies and banks difficult for the government. On occasion, he personally had to negotiate financing for the Philippines with other world leaders, including the Sultan of Brunei Hassanal Bolkiah, Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew, and Iraqi President Saddam Hussein.
In 1984, with "the Philippines facing a debt and foreign exchange crisis, the black market exchange rate soared to Php 30 per US Dollar (versus the official rate of Php 14 per Dollar)", Ongpin was credited with stabilizing the Philippine peso by establishing the "Binondo Central Bank," a dual exchange rate system that allowed the government to narrow the rate gap by directly intervening in black market currency prices.
1986 People Power Revolution
In the early hours of February 22, 1986, as Ongpin was preparing to go to Malacañan Palace for a meeting with President Marcos, U.S. Ambassador Stephen Bosworth, and Special Envoy Philip Habib, he noticed that his military escorts had been pulled out. Ongpin's subsequent calls to then-Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile inquiring about the whereabouts of his security detail inadvertently alerted Enrile that Marcos may have already been aware of his plans to stage a coup d'etat. This triggered Enrile's hasty break from the government, eventually leading to the People Power Revolution that installed Corazon C. Aquino as the new Philippine President.
Later career
Business ventures
Belle Corporation and Atok-Big Wedge
After the fall of the Marcos government, Ongpin pursued his own business interests. Among his first ventures was Belle Corporation with Benito Tan Guat. As chief executive officer of Belle Corporation, Ongpin was involved in the creation of its flagship development, Tagaytay Highlands. Ongpin was also the chairman of the investment holding company Atok-Big Wedge, Inc, involved in general investment, as well as mining, real estate, manufacturing, processing, lending and borrowing money.
Alphaland
Ongpin owned 94% of the shares of Alphaland, and was chairman of Alphaland Balesin Island Club, Inc., and the City Club at Alphaland Makati Place, Inc.; the developers of the Balesin Island Club, a resort located southwest of Polillo, Quezon Province, and the City Club, an Php 8 billion multi-use commercial residential complex with three high-rise buildings, a shopping mall, and a "3-hectare leisure, entertainment and business club." The company also owns and operates Alphaland Aviation, Inc., which as of 2016, provided charter services to Balesin Island Club located in Lamon Bay, Quezon province. In September 2017, Ongpin launched Alphaland Baguio Mountain Lodges, a 300-home development in Baguio. The project was developed at a cost of P5 billion, and opened in 2018.
PhilWeb
In 1979, Ongpin acquired control of South Seas Oil and Mineral Exploration Co. Inc., a mining and exploration company incorporated on August 20, 1969. The company became PhilWeb.Com, Inc. in 2000 and transformed itself into an internet company, upon the stockholders' approval of a restructuring plan which involved changes in the company's name and primary purpose, among others. The stockholders would further change the company's name to PhilWeb Corporation in 2002, a move that was approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) later that year.
In August 2016, Ongpin resigned his post as chairman of PhilWeb Corporation, after being tagged by President Rodrigo Duterte as being part of the oligarchy, which was followed by a subsequent order to halt the online gambling industry, which was the core business of Philweb. Ongpin later clarified that Philweb is "not an online gaming company," but was merely the "software providers of e-Games, which is actually owned by the Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR)." The unexpected singling out of Ongpin by President Duterte puzzled many observers, with some speculating that he might have just been a victim of the Philippines' "murky" politics. Ongpin, however, stressed that he "bears no rancor" towards Duterte, even stating that "he is my President, and I will do all I can to support him and his policies." Ongpin's decision to sell his shares in PhilWeb to former president Marcos' son-in-law, Gregorio Araneta III, lessened the political pressure on himself and the company, and allowed him to focus on his other business interests.
Other local and international business affiliations
Ongpin became a Board of Trustee member of the Philippine Institute of Pure and Applied Chemistry (PIPAC) when it was established in 1973 by faculty members of Ateneo de Manila University's Department of Chemistry, which was led by Dr. Modesto T. Chua. PIPAC was established to provide professional services including chemical testing, consultancy, technical training, and research and development services. He also played a role in the construction of PIPAC's own building in 1984.
Ongpin was also the chairman of the Philippine Bank of Communications, Inc. (PBCOM) until 2012, Eastern Telecommunications Philippines, Inc., (2006–2011), La Flor dela Isabela (1996), Sinophil Corporation, RVO Capital Ventures Corporation, Tabacalera Incorporada, Connectivity Unlimited Resource Enterprise, Inc. (2006), and Philippine Global Communications, Inc. (PHILCOM; through Belle Corporation). He also served as the vice chairman of Philex Mining Corporation.
Ongpin was also a director in the following corporations:
Sinophil Corporation (1990s);
Araneta Properties, Inc., (until 2009);
Ginebra San Miguel Corporation (2010–2013);
Petron Corporation (2008–2014);
San Miguel Corporation (2009–2014);
PAL Holdings, Inc. and Philippine Airlines, Inc. (2012–2014); and
Makati Shangri-La Hotel & Resort, Inc. (2003–2014).
Ongpin was also affiliated with various foreign companies, including Acentic GmbH (until 2017), Developing Countries Investment Corporation, and Dragon Oil plc. He was also a deputy chairman of the South China Morning Post, a vice-chairman of AIA Capital Corporation (Hong Kong), and a non-executive director at E2-Capital Holdings Ltd (now known as CIAM Group Ltd), Forum Energy Plc UK, and Shangri-La Asia Ltd.
Death
Ongpin died in his sleep on Balesin Island, Polillo, Quezon, on February 4, 2023, at age 86.
References
External links
ISM COMMUNICATIONS CORP. Retrieved December 4, 2011.
1937 births
2023 deaths
Ateneo de Manila University alumni
Filipino billionaires
20th-century Filipino businesspeople
Harvard Business School alumni
Secretaries of Trade and Industry of the Philippines
Ferdinand Marcos administration cabinet members
Filipino company founders
Filipino people of Chinese descent
Businesspeople from Manila |
The 1995 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 124th Open Championship held from 20–23 July at the Old Course at St Andrews in St Andrews, Scotland. John Daly won his first Open Championship and second major title in a four-hole playoff over Costantino Rocca.
This was the final Open appearance for two-time champion Arnold Palmer and the first appearance for three-time champion Tiger Woods.
Course
The Old Course at St Andrews
Previous lengths of the course for The Open Championship (since 1950):
Round summaries
First round
Thursday, 20 July 1995
Second round
Friday, 21 July 1995
Amateurs: Sherry (−3), Webster (−2), Woods (+1), Clark (+3), Gallacher (+7).
Third round
Saturday, 22 July 1995
Final round
Sunday, 23 July 1995
Amateurs: Webster (+1), Sherry (+3), Woods (+7), Clark (+13).
Source:
Early in the final round, John Daly moved clear with birdies at the 4th, 7th, and 8th holes, while Michael Campbell bogeyed the 5th and 6th. Mark Brooks was Daly's closest challenger for much of the day, but a double bogey on the 16th hole saw him fall back; a closing birdie on the 18th hole meant he tied Steven Bottomley's clubhouse score at 5 under par (283). Daly's lead had grown to three strokes on the 16th tee, but he made bogeys on both the 16th and 17th holes, where he hit his approach against the face of the Road Hole bunker. He finished his round at 6 under par (282). When Steve Elkington failed to birdie the 16th and bogeyed the 17th, Michael Campbell and Costantino Rocca with the only players remaining with a chance to match Daly's score. Rocca was one behind Daly playing the 17th hole; he hit his approach onto the road behind the green, but hit his recovery shot to 4 feet and made the putt for par to remain one stroke behind going to the final hole. Campbell made par on the 17th to leave him 2 behind.
The 72nd hole
As the final group, consisting of Rocca and 54-hole leader Michael Campbell, approached the last hole, Daly had completed his round and was in at 6 under par, a stroke clear of Rocca and two ahead of Campbell. Both golfers had a chance to tie Daly and force a playoff, with Rocca needing birdie and Campbell eagle to do so.
Rocca hit a shorter shot than Campbell, who nearly reached the green on his first shot, and played his second first. However, he misplayed the chip shot and only hit the ball a few yards, leaving him with an extremely long putt from an area of the hole referred to as the "Valley of Sin". Campbell failed to hole out on his second shot, thus leaving Rocca as the only one who could prevent the outright win for Daly.
As Daly and his wife Paulette watched on a monitor, believing that Rocca's mistake clinched the victory for him, Rocca lined up to attempt his putt for a tournament-tying birdie. Needing to make a sixty-five foot uphill putt with a sharp break to stay alive, Rocca managed to redeem himself for his error on the second shot as the putt rolled in to tie Daly at −6.
Playoff
For this 1995 edition, the four holes pre-selected for the aggregate score playoff were 1, 2, 17 (St. Andrew's infamous "Road Hole"), and 18. All were par four holes.
Daly emerged with the early lead after parring the first playoff hole while Rocca carded a bogey. He added a shot to his lead with a birdie on 2, leaving him at −1 to Rocca's +1 as the two men headed to the Road Hole for the third playoff hole.
Rocca hit his first shot onto the fairway while Daly ended up in the left-side rough. On the next shot, Rocca hit his ball into the Road Bunker, one of the deepest such hazards on the course. To further complicate matters, Rocca's shot was nestled deep in the sand near the front of the bunker and it took him three tries to finally extricate himself from the trap. Rocca two-putted from there to a triple-bogey 7, which all but ensured Daly would win the championship as he headed to the last hole with a five-shot lead after parring the Road Hole. Daly finished with another par at 18, giving him a four-hole total of 15, one-under-par. Rocca salvaged some pride with a birdie three for 19, three-over-par and four back.
Scorecard
Cumulative playoff scores, relative to par
Source
References
External links
St Andrews 1995 (Official site)
124th Open Championship - St Andrews (European Tour)
The Open Championship
Golf tournaments in Scotland
Open Championship
Open Championship
Open Championship |
```text
Max Magic Find Bonus
0
cagao123, bungholio
0 00E35318 3C607F7F
0 00E3531C 6063FFFF
0 00E35320 9001FFFC
0 00E35324 C021FFFC
0 00E35328 4889C006
0 0089C000 48E3531A
/*
Nearly all dropped items
will be Legendary.
*/
#
Unlock All Acts
0
bungholio
0 0041C158 3860001F
/*
It does not unlock all
chapters within each act.
*/
#
Max Stats
0
GuitarMan
0 00F26AA0 2F86F010
0 00F26AA4 409E0014
0 00F26AA8 3CC04B18
0 00F26AAC 60C6967F
0 00F26AB0 90C50008
0 00F26AB4 80C50008
0 00F26AB8 2F86F00F
0 00F26ABC 409E0014
0 00F26AC0 3CC04B18
0 00F26AC4 60C6967F
0 00F26AC8 90C50008
0 00F26ACC 80C50008
0 00F26AD0 2F86F00E
0 00F26AD4 409E0014
0 00F26AD8 3CC04B18
0 00F26ADC 60C6967F
0 00F26AE0 90C50008
0 00F26AE4 80C50008
0 00F26AE8 2F86F026
0 00F26AEC 409E0014
0 00F26AF0 3CC04b18
0 00F26AF4 60C6967f
0 00F26AF8 90C50008
0 00F26AFC 80C50008
0 00F26B00 2F86F0BB
0 00F26B04 409E0010
0 00F26B08 3CC0447A
0 00F26B0C 90C50008
0 00F26B10 80C50008
0 00F26B14 2F86F03F
0 00F26B18 409E0010
0 00F26B1C 3CC04316
0 00F26B20 90C50008
0 00F26B24 80C50008
0 00F26B28 2F86F0A3
0 00F26B2C 409E0010
0 00F26B30 3CC04070
0 00F26B34 90C50008
0 00F26B38 80C50008
0 00F26B3C 2F86F04B
0 00F26B40 409E0010
0 00F26B44 3CC047C3
0 00F26B48 90C50008
0 00F26B4C 80C50008
0 00F26B50 2F86F0EA
0 00F26B54 409E000C
0 00F26B58 3CC0447A
0 00F26B5C 90C50008
0 00F26B60 80C50008
0 00F26B64 48571CEE
0 00571CE8 48F26AA2
#
No Cooldown
0
GuitarMan
0 009C0574 41820100
#
Huge Gold On Sell
0
GuitarMan
0 00479970 60000000
#
AoB Unlock All Acts
0
bungholio
B 00010000 04000000
B 907100802C0400004182012C8071007C 907100802C0400004182012C3860001F
/*
It does not unlock all
chapters within each act.
*/
#
``` |
The 2010–11 season was PFC CSKA Sofia's 63rd consecutive season in A Group. This article shows player statistics and all matches (official and friendly) that the club will play during the 2010–11 season.
Players
Squad statistics
Appearances for competitive matches only
|-
|colspan="14"|Players sold or loaned out after the start of the season:
|}
As of 29 May 2011
Players in/out
Summer transfers
In:
Out:
Winter transfers
In:
Out:
Player seasonal records
Competitive matches only. Updated to games played 29 May 2011.
Goalscorers
Start formations
Overall
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
!
!Total
! Home
! Away
|-
|align=left| Games played || 30 || 15 || 15
|-
|align=left| Games won || 18 || 10 || 8
|-
|align=left| Games drawn || 7 || 3 || 4
|-
|align=left| Games lost || 4 || 2 || 3
|-
|align=left| Biggest win || 4–0 vs Chernomorets || 3–1 vs Lokomotiv Sofia3–1 vs Akademik Sofia || 4–0 vs Chernomorets
|-
|align=left| Biggest loss || 1–4 vs Lokomotiv Plovdiv || 1–2 vs Chernomorets || 1–4 vs Lokomotiv Plovdiv
|-
|align=left| Clean sheets || 13 || 8 || 5
|-
|align=left| Goals scored || 53 || 23 || 30
|-
|align=left| Goals conceded || 26 || 10 || 16
|-
|align=left| Goal difference || +27 || +11 || +14
|-
|align=left| Top scorer || Delev – 13 || Delev – 7 || Delev – 6
|-
|align=left| Winning rate || % || % || %
|-
Source: Soccerway
Pre-season and friendlies
Pre-season
On-season (autumn)
Mid-season
On-season (spring)
Competitions
A Group
Table
Results summary
Results by round
Fixtures and results
Bulgarian Cup
Europa League
Third qualifying round
Play-off round
Group stage
UEFA Club Rankings
This is the current UEFA Club Rankings, including season 2009–10.
See also
PFC CSKA Sofia
References
External links
CSKA Official Site
Bulgarian A Professional Football Group
UEFA Profile
PFC CSKA Sofia seasons
Cska Sofia |
Kiss Toledo Goodbye is a 1999 independent comedy/thriller film directed by Lyndon Chubbuck. Film stars Michael Rapaport, Christopher Walken, Robert Forster, Nancy Allen and Christine Taylor. Rapaport plays a young man who suddenly learns that the biological father he knew nothing about is a crime lord. Upon witnessing his father's death, he is expected to join forces with his new "family" and is challenged to prove himself.
Plot
Following the assassination of his crime-boss biological father (Robert Forster), whom he had not even known existed, a young Ohio investment advisor (Michael Rapaport) must impersonate a Mafia Godfather for a few weeks to prevent a gang war.
He tries to keep this new life secret from his real family, especially his very jealous fiancée (Christine Taylor), with the help of his new "family" and his father's chief lieutenant (Christopher Walken). At the same time he is being pressured by his boss at work to sign-off on a due diligence report for a questionable investment, trying to keep his family safe, dodging assassination attempts, and trying to uncover who killed his father.
Cast
Michael Rapaport as Kevin Gower
Christopher Walken as Max
Robert Forster as Sal Fortuna
Christine Taylor as Deeann Emory
Jamie Anderson as Wendy
Nancy Allen as Madge
Paul Schulze as Nicky
Paul Ben-Victor as Vince
Saul Stein as Anthony
Robert Pine as Oz
External links
1999 films
Mafia comedy films
1990s crime comedy films
American independent films
1990s English-language films
American crime comedy films
1999 comedy films
1999 independent films
1990s American films |
Ava Carroll Waller (August 8, 1927 – October 28, 2014) was an American preservationist, writer and former First Lady of the U.S. state of Mississippi. Waller served as the First Lady of Mississippi from 1972 to 1976 during the administration of her husband, the late Governor Bill Waller. Carroll Waller spearheaded the restoration of the Mississippi Governor's Mansion in Jackson, Mississippi. She also led the move to have the Governor's Mansion designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1975, which was only the second time that a governor's residence had been listed as an NHL in the U.S. Additionally, Waller helped to purchase and restore the Manship House in Jackson. In 1980, the Mississippi Historical Society awarded Carroll Waller its Award of Merit for her work in historic preservation in the state.
Carroll Waller was the mother of William L. Waller Jr., who has served as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Mississippi since 2009.
Waller was born Ava Carroll Overton in McComb, Mississippi, on August 8, 1927, to Dr. Clayton Justice Overton and Edith Watkins Overton. She graduated from Central High School in Jackson, Mississippi, and received a degree from Mississippi College in Clinton. She worked as an instructor at Belhaven College (now Belhaven University) and a salesperson at the House of Overton in Jackson early in her career.
References
1927 births
2014 deaths
First ladies and gentlemen of Mississippi
Historical preservationists
American non-fiction writers
Mississippi College alumni
Writers from Jackson, Mississippi
Belhaven University |
Marek Żukowski (born 11 December 1952) is a Polish theoretical physicist and lecturer at the University of Gdańsk. He specializes in quantum mechanics, his area of interest in particular concerns the Bell's theorem and quantum interferometry.
Life and career
He was born on 11 December 1952, in Gdynia, Polish People's Republic. He is a graduate of the Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry of the University of Gdańsk. After meeting Anton Zeilinger, he developed an interest in information theory and quantum interferometry. Their first joint scientific paper was published in 1991, later they created a series of international projects called Quantum Optics and Quantum Information. Żukowski also collaborates with Harald Weinfurter from Munich, Jian-Wei Pan from Hefei and Mohamed Bourenanne from Stockholm, as well as the National University of Singapore. He is also involved in a number of European projects such as SCALA and Qubit Applications.
He has been working at the University of Gdańsk since 1976. He was appointed head of the Department of Quantum Optics at the Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics in 1995, and was the Institute's director from 2005 to 2018. He has been a visiting professor at a number of universities abroad including the University of Innsbruck, the University of Vienna, Tsinghua University in Beijing and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Between 2010 and 2018, he was a member of the Council of the National Science Centre. He is the 2013 laureate of the Prize of the Foundation for Polish Science in the mathematical, physical and engineering sciences, for his contributions into the research on multiphoton entangled states, which resulted in the formulation of information causality as a principle of physics.
Private life
He is the son of graphic designer Halszka Żukowska and grandson of inventor, hydrotechnician and Member of the 1st Term Parliament of the Polish People's Republic, professor Romuald Cebertowicz.
Awards
Johannes Hevelius Science Prize of the City of Gdańsk (2016)
Copernicus Award (2014)
Prize of the Foundation for Polish Science (2013)
Minister of National Education Prize (2007, 2000, 1994, 1983)
Selected publications
Event-Ready Deterctors Bell Experiment via Entanglement Swapping (Żukowski, Zeilinger, Horne, Ekert, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 4297, 1993
Violations of Local Realism by Two Entangled N-Dimensional Systems Are Stronger than for Two Qubits (Kaszlikowski, Gnaciński, Żukowski, Miklaszewski, Zeilinger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4418, 2000)
Bell’s Theorem for General N-Qubit State (Brukner, Żukowski, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 240401, 2002)
References
1952 births
Living people
People from Gdynia
20th-century Polish physicists |
The Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis is a district (Kreis) in the east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) the district-free city Worms, the district Bergstraße, district-free Mannheim, Frankenthal and Ludwigshafen, Rhein-Neckar, district-free Speyer, the districts Karlsruhe, Germersheim, Südliche Weinstraße and Bad Dürkheim.
History
The district was created in 1886 under the name Bezirksamt Ludwigshafen, one of the last acts of king Ludwig II of Bavaria. The population in the area around Speyer had grown significantly, which made the splitting of the Bezirksamt Speyer necessary. In 1969, the Speyer and Ludwigshafen districts and parts of the Frankenthal and Neustadt districts were merged again to form the new Ludwigshafen district.
On May 19, 2003, the district parliament passed a resolution to rename the district "Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis" starting in 2004.
Partnerships
The district started its first partnership in 1964 with the municipalities Schnals and Naturns in Italy. The Speyer district had a partnership with Schlanders and Martell, also in Italy, which were taken over after the merging of the district. As part of the partnership of Rhineland-Palatinate with Rwanda the district has a partnership with the municipality of Kinyami starting in 1983. After the German reunification the district supported the Saalkreis in Saxony-Anhalt in modernising the administration to western standard, which resulted in a friendship between the two districts. In 1991 a partnership with the district Radviliskis in Lithuania was started, and in 2002 with the Polish district Opole in Silesia.
Geography
The district is located in the valley of the Rhine river, both the actual river valley and the Vorderpfälzer Tiefland, formed by the sediments of the rivers of the Palatinate hills. The district has a very warm climate, together with the fertile loess soil it makes the area favourable for growing vegetable. However the rainfall is comparatively low, thus irrigation is needed.
Coat of arms
The wavy line from the bottom-right to the top-left symbolizes the Rhine river.
The lion in the left is the lion of the Electorate of the Palatinate, to which the largest part of the district belonged historically.
The silver cross in the right part is taken from the State of Speyer, taken from the coat of arms of the Speyer district.
The shield in the middle show water lily leaves, a typical symbol for the district, as this plant grows in the old arms of the Rhine river.
Towns and municipalities
Verband-free municipalities
Verbandsgemeinden
*seat of the Verbandsgemeinde
References
External links
Official website (German)
Districts of Rhineland-Palatinate
Anterior Palatinate
1886 establishments in Germany |
Tenor is a live solo album by multi-instrumentalist and composer Joe McPhee, recorded in 1976 it was the third album released on the Swiss HatHut label and was rereleased on CD in 2000 as Tenor & Fallen Angels with a bonus track.
Reception
Allmusic reviewer Steve Loewy stated "McPhee was (and is) a master of new sounds. He trailblazes paths, unafraid of consequences, devoid of cliches. His improvisations incorporate squeaks and squeals, but also bop-like stabs and outrageously radical runs that scream for attention. McPhee has come a long way since this major recording, but this still remains one of the best solo tenor albums of avant-garde jazz". On All About Jazz writer Glen Astarita noted "Tenor & Fallen Angels is a brilliant portraiture of a musician who is sharing his sentiments, visualizations and artistic spirit for the entire world to hear! - Essential". The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings describes the album as “packed with rich ideas.”
Track listing
All compositions by Joe McPhee
"Knox" - 8:34
"Good-Bye Tom B." - 6:34
"Sweet Dragon" - 5:35
"Tenor" - 23:26
"Fallen Angels" - 14:59 Bonus track on CD reissue
Personnel
Joe McPhee - tenor saxophone
References
Joe McPhee live albums
1977 live albums
Hathut Records live albums |
Hypsistarians, i.e. worshippers of the Hypsistos (, the "Most High" God), and similar variations of the term first appear in the writings of Gregory of Nazianzus (Orat. xviii, 5) and Gregory of Nyssa (Contra Eunom. ii), about AD 374. The term has been linked to a body of inscriptions that date from around 100 AD to around 400 AD, mostly small votive offerings, but also including altars and stelae, dedicated to Theos Hypsistos, or sometimes simply Hypsistos, mainly found in Asia Minor (Cappadocia, Bithynia and Pontus) and the Black Sea coasts that are today part of Russia.
Some modern scholars identify the group, or groups, with God-fearers mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles, non-Jewish (gentile) sympathizers with Second Temple Judaism.
History
The name Hypsistarioi first occurs in Gregory of Nazianzus (Orat., xviii, 5) and the name Hypsistianoi in Gregory of Nyssa (Contra Eunom., II), about 374 CE. Gregory of Nazianzus describes a syncretic Jewish-pagan group that does not worship idols, reveres lamps and fire, and worships the Almighty (Pantokrator). They keep Sabbath and adhere to dietary restrictions, but they do not circumcise. Gregory of Nyssa adds that they refer to God as the Highest (Hypsistos) or Almighty (Pantokrator). Gregory of Nazianzus' description of this cult occurs in his eulogy for his father, who was a Hypsistarian before his conversion to Christianity. This cult may have formed as the native Cappadocian cult of Zeus Sabazios integrated with the cult of Jahve Sabaoth practiced by the numerous and intellectually predominant Jewish colonies, and that associations (sodalicia, thiasoi) of strict monotheists formed, who fraternized with the Jews, but who considered themselves free from the Law of Moses.
A late 3rd century CE shrine in a wall of the ancient city of Oenoanda provides the strongest archaeological evidence for this cult. It is adorned with an inscription adapting a declaration of the Apollonian oracle in Didyma, describing the god as, "Self-begotten, un-taught, un-mothered, undisturbed, not permitting a name, many-named, dwelling in fire." Another inscription below the first dedicates a lantern to the Most High God. In addition, a great number of votive tablets and other inscriptions are evidence that referring to one or more gods as Most High (Hypsistos, often as Theos Hypsistos 'god most high', or as Zeus or Attis, but frequently unnamed) was widespread throughout Anatolia (cf. Acts 16:17, "these men are servants of the most high God" — oracle of the Pythia at Philippi).
Contemporary Hellenistic use of hypsistos as a religious term appears to be derived from and compatible with the term as appears in the Septuagint, from a much earlier date. (Greek (hypsistos) translates Hebrew (elyon), meaning "highest". This term occurs more than fifty times as a substitution for the Tetragrammaton (the name of God) or in direct relation to God (most often in the Psalms, Daniel, and Sirach).
The existence of Hypsistarians may have contributed to the astounding swiftness of the spread of Christianity in Asia Minor; yet not all of them accepted the new faith, and small communities of monotheists, neither Christians nor Jews, continued to exist, especially in Cappadocia.
Persius (34-62) may have had Hypsistarians in view when he ridiculed such hybrid religionists in Satire v, 179–84, and Tertullian (c. 160 – c. 225 AD) seems to refer to them in Ad nationes, I, xiii. The claim that Hypsistarians continued to exist until the ninth century relies on a mistaken interpretation of Nicephorus Const., "Antirhet. adv. Const. Copr.", I, in Migne, PG, col. 209. Hypsistarians are probably referred to under the name Coelicoloe in a decree of the Emperors Honorius and Theodosius II (AD 408), in which their places of worship are transferred to the Christians.
Mention by Goethe
After describing his difficulties with mainstream religion, Goethe laments that
Sources
.
References
Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire
Ancient Mediterranean religions
Hellenism and Christianity
Hellenistic religion
Monotheistic religions
Second Temple period |
```xml
export function pluralize(val: number, word: string, plural = `${word}s`) {
return [1, -1].includes(Number(val)) ? word : plural;
}
export function addPlural(value: number, word: string, plural = `${word}s`) {
return `${value} ${pluralize(value, word, plural)}`;
}
``` |
```css
Vertical centering fluid blocks
Vertical percentages are relative to container width, not height
Clearfix for layouts
Fixed navigation bar
Avoid margin hacks with flexbox
``` |
The Hole Story () is a 2011 documentary film and web documentary directed by Richard Desjardins and about mining in Canada and its impact on the environment and workers' health. The film focuses primarily on the mining communities of the Northeastern Ontario and Abitibi-Témiscamingue regions, including Sudbury, Timmins, Cobalt, Rouyn-Noranda, Val-d'Or and Malartic.
The film includes interviews with figures such as federal Member of Parliament Charlie Angus, former Ontario MPP Elie Martel, former Sudbury mayor John Rodriguez, Rouyn-Noranda mayor Mario Provencher and former Val-d'Or mayor and Quebec MNA André Pelletier.
Produced by the National Film Board of Canada, the film had its world premiere in October 2011 at the Abitibi-Témiscamingue International Film Festival, before opening in Quebec theatres.
References
External links
The Hole Story Interactive, web documentary
Interview with Richard Desjardins, Morning North, CBCS-FM
2011 films
2011 documentary films
Quebec films
National Film Board of Canada documentaries
Documentary films about mining
Mining in Canada
National Film Board of Canada web documentaries
Canadian environmental websites
Films shot in Greater Sudbury
Films shot in Quebec
French-language Canadian films
2010s Canadian films |
Wissahickon Creek is a tributary of the Schuylkill River in Montgomery and Philadelphia Counties, Pennsylvania.
Wissahickon Creek rises in Montgomery County, runs approximately passing through and dividing Northwest Philadelphia before emptying into the Schuylkill River at Philadelphia. Its watershed covers about .
Much of the creek now runs through or next to parkland, with the last few miles running through a deep gorge. The beauty of this area attracted the attention of literary personages like Edgar Allan Poe and John Greenleaf Whittier. The gorge area is now part of Wissahickon Valley Park in Philadelphia, and the Wissahickon Valley is known as one of 600 National Natural Landmarks of the United States.
The name of the creek comes from the Lenape word wiessahitkonk, for "catfish creek" or "stream of yellowish color."
On the earliest map of this region of Pennsylvania, by Thomas Holme, the stream is called Whitpaine's creek, after one of the original settlers Richard Whitpaine, who owned several large tracts on the creek.
Whitpaine was an early land owner in the days of William Penn.
Industry sprang up along the Wissahickon not long after European settlement, with America's first paper mill set up on one of the Wissahickon's tributaries. A few of the dams built for the mills remain visible today.
Geography and recreation
Though at first fairly tame, in its last , the Wissahickon stream drops over in altitude. Its dramatic geography and dense forest attract thousands of walkers, riders, and bikers.
The most popular trail for exploring the lower Wissahickon valley is Forbidden Drive (officially known as Wissahickon Drive), a gravel road that follows the Wissahickon Creek from Lincoln Drive to the County Line. It received its familiar name in the 1920s when automobiles were first banned from the road. Bicyclists and equestrians may use Forbidden Drive without a permit. Other trails in the area are more restricted, with some prohibiting cyclists or equestrians, and others requiring a permit for bicyclists and equestrians.Trails requiring a permit include, Upper Wissahickon area, and the soft trails of Pennypack park. "For these areas, a permit is required to use a: bicycle, horse, carriage, horse-drawn vehicles, non-motorized vehicles, wheeled vehicles." Permits can be attained by means of an application and $35 fee.All users of the park are asked to stay on marked trails to protect against erosion.
A paved path on the west bank connects the junction of Forbidden Drive and Lincoln Drive south to Ridge Avenue at the confluence of the Wissahickon and Schuylkill River. This path is a popular access point for cyclists coming off the River Drive bike paths to Center City Philadelphia, or for pedestrians departing the Manayunk/Norristown Line transit route at Wissahickon Station or Bus Interchange.
Forbidden Drive is also accessible at its midpoint at the Valley Green Inn. Valley Green Road can be reached from Springfield Avenue in Chestnut Hill, two blocks west of St. Martin's Lane and the St. Martin's railroad station on the Chestnut Hill West Line. Just above Valley Green, Wise's Mill Road meets Forbidden Drive, connecting it to Henry Avenue in Roxborough. Wise's Mill Road may be the same as that described in Edgar Allan Poe's 1844 story "Morning on the Wissahiccon": "I would advise the adventurer who would behold its finest points to take the Ridge Road, running westwardly from the city, and, having reached the second lane beyond the sixth mile-stone, to follow this lane to its termination. He will thus strike the Wissahiccon, at one of its best reaches ...". Forbidden Drive ends at Northwestern Avenue (which is the county line) after crossing Bell's Mill Road.
A number of trails climb out of the valley from Forbidden Drive to the "upper trails" which run along the precipitous walls of the valley. Many of these upper trails have been marked with colored blazes. The green blazed trail has been designated a multi-use trail approved for mountain bikers with permits. The blue blazed trail has been designated a hiking trail only. All trails in the Andorra Natural Area are prohibited to all bicycles. The orange trail parallels the creek on its east bank, and while it has fewer rolling hills than the park's other trails, it is often much steeper and rockier. It is accessible only by foot.
Several hiking and biking trails follow the creek along most of its course, including the 12-mile long Green Ribbon Trail from North Wales to Flourtown, and the developed Wissahickon Trail in Wissahickon Valley Park. There are plans to combine these trails into a continuous 20-mile multi-use route to be called the Wissahickon Trail, following the creek from near its origin in Lansdale to its outlet at the Schuylkill River.
Devil's Pool is an attraction best reached from Valley Green by crossing the stream and taking the footpath on the eastern bank, going downstream to the mouth of the Cresheim Creek. As the ravine widens into the Cresheim, the waters gather in a basin surrounded on either side by rocky outcroppings before flowing into the Wissahickon Creek. Legend has it that the Native American Lenape tribes used this as a spiritual area, where local author Phyllis Knapp Thomas writes that "...the Good Spirit is claimed to have banished the Evil Spirit into deep, dark waters." Although it is not legal due to unsafe levels of pollutants, Devil's pool has become a popular area to swim, lounge, and drink. Unfortunately, Devil's pool often falls victim to litter and vandalism. However, recent efforts to clean the site by the Friends of the Wissahickon have been moderately successful.
One trail to hike on in this park leads to a precipice overlooking the gorge. It can be found by entering the main footpath at the Ridge Avenue entrance and following the west bank to Hermit's Lane Bridge. Coming from Blue Stone Bridge, follow the path at the west end to Lover's Leap.
Another outlook in the park is Mom Rinker's Rock, on a ridge on the eastern side of the Park just north of the Walnut Lane Bridge, close by the Toleration statue. Here on a moonlit night in May 1847, George Lippard, romancer of the Wissahickon, was married to his frail young wife according to so-called Indian rites. Years afterward in 1883, the Toleration statue was erected, a marble statue of a man in simple Quaker clothing. Atop Mom Rinker's Rock, the nine-foot-eight-inch statue has the single word "Toleration" carved into its four-foot-three-inch base. Created by late 19th-century sculptor Herman Kirn, it was brought to the site by landowner John Welsh, reported to have purchased the statue at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. Welsh, a former Fairmount Park Commissioner and U.S. Ambassador to Britain, donated his land to the Park prior to his death in 1886.
Some miles away is the path leading to the Indian statue, a dramatic high white marble sculpture of a kneeling Lenape warrior which was sculpted in 1902 by John Massey Rhind. (The statue is popularly but erroneously known as "Teedyuscung," the name of an 18th-century Delaware chief.) Commissioned by Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Henry, it is a tribute to the Lenape Indians who hunted and fished in the Wissahickon prior to the arrival of colonists. The statue can also be viewed from Forbidden Drive across the creek if one stands just north of the path to the Rex Avenue Bridge.
Geology
A tremendous variety of geology is evident along Wissahickon Creek. Three of the geologic regions that the stream passes through are the Newark Basin of Triassic sandstone and shale, the limestone and dolomite of the Chester Valley, and the Wissahickon Formation where the waters of the stream flow into the Schuylkill and eventually the Delaware Rivers.
A unique and very distinctive rock of the Wissahickon Creek valley is Wissahickon schist, the predominant bedrock underlying the Philadelphia region, found over a broad swath of southeastern Pennsylvania from Trenton into Delaware and Maryland. This Precambrian to Cambrian stone, first studied in the Wissahickon gorge, has flecks of glittery mica, small garnets, and many-toned shadings of gray, brown, tan, and blue, and is attractive enough to have become a common building material in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
In addition to Wissahickon schist, there are layers of quartzite in the valley. Both schist and quartzite are metamorphic rocks formed from sedimentary deposits of mud and sand that one time were washed from ancient continents into a shallow sea. These sedimentary deposits were over time compressed into shale and sandstone. During long periods of mountain building, the shale and sandstone were slowly transformed into the schist and quartzite found today. In some places, the compression and heat were extreme enough to fuse the schist with emerging igneous rocks into hard-banded gneiss.
Other rocks in the valley are layers of igneous pegmatite and remains of granite plutons, embedded crystals within the schist. A few locations close to Devil's Pool and along Bell's Mill Road have a talc schist which contains the mineral talc, so soft it can be scratched with a fingernail.
Tributaries
Trewellyn Creek
Willow Run
Prophecy Creek
Sandy Run
Sunny Brook
Lorraine Run
Arlingham Run
Cresheim Creek
Gorgas Run
Carpenter's Run
Paper Mill Run
History
Johannes Kelpius
In 1694, Johannes Kelpius arrived in Philadelphia with a group of like-minded German Pietists to live in the valley of the Wissahickon Creek. They formed a monastic community and became known as the Hermits or Mystics of the Wissahickon. Kelpius was a musician, writer, and occultist. He frequently meditated (some believe in a cave—the Cave of Kelpius ) along the banks of the Wissahickon and awaited the end of the world, which was expected in 1694. No sign or revelation accompanied that year, but the faithful continued to live in celibacy by the stream, searching the stars and hoping for the end. Kelpius described the type of meditation he used in his Method of Prayer. (See Further Reading below on this book.) Kelpius died in 1708 and the group disbanded some time thereafter. Some members likely gave up on celibacy and married. A few joined the somewhat like-minded religious colony of Ephrata Cloister under Conrad Beissel in Ephrata, Lancaster County, even though no previous connection existed between the two communities. At least two from the original group, Johann Seelig and Konrad Matthaei, continued as hermits along the Wissahickon into the 1740s.
Other religious groups were also associated with the Wissahickon: On Christmas Day in 1723 the first congregation of the Church of the Brethren in America – often called Dunkard Brethren – baptized several new members in the stream. Around 1747 an individual with connections to both the Dunkards and the Ephrata Cloister built a stone house on land previously owned by Dunkards. The structure, used for church retreats, still stands today, and is known as The Monastery, a remaining witness to the Wissahickon's days as an isolated religious refuge.
Development
The same steep slopes and gorge that provided an attractive isolation to religious adherents in the 17th and early 18th centuries provided an efficient source of energy for the development of water mills in later years. One miller had by 1690 already constructed a dam, sawmill, gristmill, and house by the narrow shelf of land at the confluence of the Wissahickon with the Schuylkill River, but the rugged terrain of the valley forestalled further development alongside the stream itself. By 1730, however, eight mills had been constructed, and by 1793, twenty-four, along with many dams. Most of America was still wilderness, but the Wissahickon Valley was a developing industrial center. There were more than fifty watermills by 1850, though the thickly forested region about the stream still retained the character of a wilderness. Access roads were being constructed into the steep valley, but there was still no road that followed the stream itself. The nature of the rugged terrain can be comprehended in an event that had occurred during the Revolutionary War Battle of Germantown, which was fought not too far from the stream. The American General John Armstrong, compelled by the rough terrain to abandon a cannon in the valley, expressed his contempt for the "horrendous hills of the Wissahickon." Later legends tell of American spies taking advantage of the terrain to retrieve information from an informant named Mom Rinker, who allegedly perched atop a rock overlooking the valley to drop balls of yarn which contained messages about British troop movements during the occupation of Philadelphia. This is likely a legend, for other stories speak of a witch named Mom Rinkle who had little to do with the Revolution. There is a Mom Rinker's Rock in the park today.
Not until 1826 were the cliffs near the creek's mouth blasted away to provide access to the cluster of mills at Rittenhousetown, approximately up the creek on Paper Mill Run (also known as Monoshone Creek), a small tributary of the Wissahickon. Here William Rittenhouse (grandfather of the astronomer David Rittenhouse) had in the early 18th century built the first paper mill in America. Gradually this road and other mill access roads were connected, and in 1856 a private toll road, the Wissahickon Turnpike, linked the entire valley. Long gone were the religious mystics; here instead the mills of Wissahickon Creek made paper, cloth, gunpowder, sawed lumber, milled wheat and corn, and pressed oil from flax. A sizable population worked at the mills and lived in the valley in small villages like Rittenhousetown and Pumpkinville. The nation was becoming an industrial nation, and the Wissahickon was leading the way.
Benjamin Franklin already had noted in his will the high elevation and quality of Wissahickon water, proposing that in some future day the stream be dammed to supply a safe and pure water source for Philadelphia's water supply, and even allocating funds for this purpose. This did not happen, but the quest for pure water affected the Wissahickon's subsequent history. Seeking to prevent the stream's industrial discharges from affecting the purity of the water of the Schuylkill River, the Fairmount Park Commission took title of much of the land along the Wissahickon in 1869-1870, and continued to expand its holdings in subsequent decades. The mills were razed; the last active mill was demolished in 1884. Several decades later the Schuylkill River itself became seriously polluted by sources in the coal fields far upstream beyond Philadelphia's control, but the waters of the Wissahickon had been restored and the beauty of the Wissahickon Valley had been preserved. Most of America became more industrialized, but the Wissahickon valley quietly returned to its original wilderness character.
The reason the Wissahickon Valley retained its wilderness character, even after its clean waters were no longer essential to the water supply of the city of Philadelphia, was the advent of Romanticism and the changing attitudes which this thought engendered about nature. Before the 19th century, nature had seemed a capricious and ambivalent force, at times a dream, but at times a nightmare. Nature, according to orthodox Christian thought, had fallen with man; though the Renaissance brought about both a new view of mankind and nature, this new attitude took time to grow, but it eventually resulted in a literary and artistic movement known as Romanticism. Romantics valued heroism and chivalry in people, and regarded the wild, free, and untamed nature as the "natural" model of true beauty. Philadelphians finally came to value their Wissahickon valley for its wild character. Even when the mills were still operating, there were remote stretches of wild bluffs and overarching trees; now the old mills had become romantic and picturesque, with mossy stone walls suggesting medieval ruins. In 1924, area residents formed the non-profit group "Friends of the Wissahickon", which still works to maintain the park's unique landscape to this day. Remarks on the Wissahickon in literature by such as Fanny Kemble, Edgar Allan Poe, George Lippard, and others are noted below.
However much the stream and its valley were appreciated, it still divided parts of the city. To help overcome this, in 1906 the Walnut Lane Bridge was built over the stream, which was the world's largest concrete arch bridge at the time. The bridge joined the Roxborough and Germantown neighborhoods of Philadelphia, formerly separated by the Wissahickon gorge. The bridge is but long, with a width of , but its center arch spans an impressive , the crown of the arch is above the water, and the sidewalks of the bridge above the Wissahickon.
Wissahickon Day
In the past, there was an annual parade of horses, riders, and carriage annually in May for Wissahickon Day, a festive Gala popular among Philadelphia's Equestrians and social elites.
Wissahickon Memorial Bridge
The Wissahickon Memorial Bridge, also known as Henry Avenue Bridge, is a stone and concrete bridge that carries Henry Avenue over Wissahickon Creek, joining Roxborough and the East Falls-Germantown neighborhoods in Philadelphia. It was completed in 1932 and is long, wide, and above water. It was originally designed to carry a planned extension of a subway into Roxborough, but the subway never reached the bridge. The bridge has been known as a suicide bridge since its opening. Beginning in 1941 for an unknown duration of time a policeman patrolled the span, questioning all pedestrians walking the bridge.
Fairmount Park
Once the stream enters the city of Philadelphia, the creek valley and its deeply wooded gorge form part of the Fairmount Park system in Philadelphia, a jewel of a park and of nature set in the middle of an urban landscape. The park here is a ruggedly beautiful valley for the naturalists, artists, fishermen, bicyclists, equestrians, and hikers who are drawn to the wooded, steep banks of the stream. Precipitous wooded inclines that rise more than above the water create a feeling of remoteness and mountain vastness. There are two main and many smaller bridle paths crossing the park's along the Wissahickon Creek. Thomas Mill Covered Bridge, the only covered bridge in a major US city, spans the creek in the park. The Wissahickon Valley is one of fewer than 600 National Natural Landmarks in America. Recently, interest in reintroducing brook trout to the Wissahickon Valley portion of Fairmount park has been growing.
References in culture
Literature
Among the earliest references to the valley was by William Cobbett in his book Rural Rides, which takes the form of a series of letters. In one dated 1821 he said,
Actress Fanny Kemble, grandmother to novelist Owen Wister, visited the stream in 1832; her writing awakened a more general interest in the stream and its valley. Her description of the gorge's dramatic end at the stream's confluence with the Schuylkill River and her verse To the Wissahickon both sparked a keen interest in this natural treasure often overlooked by its neighbors. She wrote:
The thick, bright, rich-tufted cedars, basking in the warm amber glow, the picturesque mill, the smooth open field, along whose side the river waters, after receiving this child of the mountains into their bosom, wound deep, and bright, and still, the whole radiant with the softest light I ever beheld, formed a most enchanting and serene subject of contemplation.
Edgar Allan Poe alluded to Fanny Kemble's writing in his description of a beautiful Wissahickon valley in his 1844 essay "Morning on the Wissahiccon", in which he wrote:
Now the Wissahiccon is of so remarkable a loveliness that, were it flowing in England, it would be the theme of every bard, and the common topic of every tongue, if, indeed, its banks were not parcelled off in lots, at an exorbitant price, as building-sites for the villas of the opulent. Yet it is only within a very few years that any one has more than heard of the Wissahiccon ... the brook is narrow. Its banks are generally, indeed almost universally, precipitous, and consist of high hills, clothed with noble shrubbery near the water, and crowned at a greater elevation, with some of the most magnificent forest trees of America, among which stands conspicuous the liriodendron tulipiferum. The immediate shores, however, are of granite, sharply defined or moss-covered, against which the pellucid water lolls in its gentle flow, as the blue waves of the Mediterranean upon the steps of her palaces of marble.
The erratic and almost forgotten novelist George Lippard frequently wrote about the Wissahickon, and was even married at sunset on or around May 14, 1847, on a rocky crag called Mom Rinker's Rock, overlooking the stream. One of his books, The Rose of Wissahikon; or, The Fourth of July, 1776. A Romance, Embracing the Secret History of the Declaration of Independence (1847) may refer not only to the Wissahickon, but to his wife, the former Rose Newman. He wrote:
A poem of everlasting beauty and a dream of magnificance – the world-hidden, wood embowered Wissahickon.
Depending on one of Lippard's mostly contrived stories, John Greenleaf Whittier wrote about Johannes Kelpius and his followers on the Wissahickon in his 1872 poem Pennsylvania Pilgrim:
Christopher Morley also portrayed the valley's beauty in his writings.
The Wissahickon is mentioned very briefly in A Biography of the Poet, Sidney Lanier by Edwin Mims.
Mark Twain mentioned the Wissahickon during the short time he spent in Philadelphia working for The Philadelphia Inquirer: "Unlike New York, I like this Philadelphia amazingly, and the people in it ... I saw small steamboats, with their signs up—"For Wissahickon and Manayunk 25 cents." Geo. Lippard, in his Legends of Washington and his Generals, has rendered the Wissahickon sacred in my eyes, and I shall make that trip, as well as one to Germantown, soon ..."
Ron P. Swegman, a fly fishing angler, artist, and author, wrote extensively about Wissahickon Creek in two illustrated essay collections, Philadelphia on the Fly (Frank Amato Publications, 2005) and Small Fry: The Lure of the Little (The Whitefish Press, 2009). Both books describe the Wissahickon Valley and the experience of fly fishing along Wissahickon Creek in the early twenty-first century.
Art
Artists have portrayed the stream and its valley:
Johan Mengels Culverhouse, Skating on the Wissahickon River Near Philadelphia, 1875
John Exillus, Conrad's Paper-mill on the Wissahickon, abt 1813 (mentioned in Thomas Morton's History of Pennsylvania Hospital)
Daniel Charles Grose, Spring on the Whissahickon and Autumn on the Whissahickon located at the Samuel Dorksy Museum of Art, State University of New York at New Paltz
J. S. Hill, Through the Winter Woods Near the Wissahickon, 1874
Charles W. Knapp, Boating on the Wissahickon, 1870
John Moran, Devil's Glen in the Wissahickon, 1888
John Moran, The Falls of Wissahickon Creek at Ridge Ave., 1888
Thomas Moran (1837–1926), Autumn on the Wissahickon
Thomas Moran (1837–1926), Cresheim Glen, Wissahickon, Autumn, 1864
Thomas Moran (1837–1926), On the Wissahickon Near Chestnut Hill, 1870
James Peale (1749–1831), View on the Wissahickon, 1828
James Peale (1749–1831), View on the Wissahickon, 1830 (at the Philadelphia Museum of Art)
James Peale (1749–1831), Wissahickon, n.d. (at Swarthmore College)
James Peale (1749–1831), On the Wissahickon, 1830
James Peale (1749–1831), View of the Wissahickon (waterfall)
William Trost Richards (1833–1905), On the Wissahickon, 1870
William Trost Richards (1833–1905), The Wissahickon, 1872
William Thompson Russell Smith (1812–1896), Boating Party on the Wissahickon, 1836
William Thompson Russell Smith (1812–1896), Rocks on the Wissahickon, 1839
William Thompson Russell Smith (1812–1896), A Scene on the Wissahickon, 1842
William Thompson Russell Smith (1812–1896), Wissahickon, 1857
Thomas Sully (1783–1872), Wissahickon Creek, 1845
Ron P. swegman (1967- ), Philadelphia on the Fl, 2005
Rosa M. Towne (1827–1909), Sketch of Upper Wissahickon, Philadelphia, 1882
Carl Philipp Weber, (Amer, b Germ, 1849–1921), Wissahickon Scene, n.d.
Carl Philipp Weber, (Amer, b Germ, 1849–1921), Wissahickon Creek, 1877
Carl Philipp Weber, (Amer, b Germ, 1849–1921), Spirit of the Wissahickon (lower bridge, Wissahickon valley)
There exists a Currier & Ives Scenery Of The Wissahickon
The Swann Memorial Fountain (1924), a fountain sculpture by Alexander Stirling Calder that is located in the center of Logan Circle, also known by its historic name Logan Square, in Philadelphia, contains three large Native American figures that symbolize the area's major streams: the Delaware, the Schuylkill, and the Wissahickon. The young girl leaning on her side against an agitated, water-spouting swan represents the Wissahickon Creek.
Music
There exists a song called "The Gentle Wissahickon: A Ballad" published in 1857 by Edmund L Walker, 142 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. The words are by Col. James G Wallace, the music by Herman Trevor, and it recalls a "happy childhood time", "the picnic grove", and at the end "dear Alice Ray" who became the singer's "blushing bride."
There exists sheet music mentioning the Wissahickon:
The Wissahickon Waltz by Charles Grobe, 1849 (2 pages)
The Wissahickon Gallopade by J. B. Bishop, 1856 (4 pages)
Sounds from the Wissahickon waltzes by Harry M. Rollin, 1871 (10 pages).
"Wissahickon Drive" is the name of one of the tracks on the CD Here's to You by the Bog Wanderers, "a collection of original, contemporary and traditional slides, jigs, reels, waltzes and songs." Liner notes say the tune is "of the great fiddler/composer Liz Carroll."
Motion pictures
In the 1981 Brian DePalma–directed film Blow Out starring Nancy Allen and John Travolta, the car crash that Travolta's character records is of an auto traveling northbound on Lincoln Drive and crashing headfirst into the Wissahickon Creek. The site is just south of the intersection of Lincoln Drive and Forbidden Drive. Travolta's character plays his recorded film footage repeatedly, and the creek's location is easy to determine.
Portions of the 2010 M. Night Shyamalan film The Last Airbender were filmed in the Wissahickon Valley Park.
Military
The USS Wissahickon, a U.S. Navy gunboat during the Civil War and the USRC Wissahickon, a U.S. Revenue Cutter Service harbor tug were named after the creek.
Gallery
See also
Wissahickon Valley Park
List of rivers of Pennsylvania
References
Further reading
Contosta, David and Franklin, Carol. Metropolitan Paradise: The Struggle for Nature in the City. Philadelphia's Wissahickon Valley, 1620-2020. St. Joseph's University Press, 2010. Available from Friends of the Wissahickon and St. Joseph's University Press
Brandt, Francis Burke. Wissahickon Valley within the city of Philadelphia. Philadelphia: Corn Exchange National Bank, 1927. Entire book is available for download from the Penn State Digital Library at this site.
Conwill, Joseph D. "The Wissahickon Valley: To A Wilderness Returned." Pennsylvania Heritage. Summer, 1986.
Grove, Victor. Philadelphia: A Hiker's Paradise. Philadelphia, PA: Old City Publishing, 2005. (Contains many photos of Wissahickon Creek and area)
Herman, Andrew Mark. Along the Wissahickon Creek. Arcadia Publishing, 2004.
Kelpius, Johannes, and Richards, Kirby, Ph.D. A Method of Prayer. A Mystical Pamphlet from Colonial America. Philadelphia: Schuylkill Wordsmiths, 2006. (A new translation of Kelpius's pamphlet, with informative background materials and the original German. Available at Amazon.com.)
Swegman, Ron P. Philadelphia on the Fly. Frank Amato Publications, 2005.
Swegman, Ron P. Small Fry: The Lure of the Little. The Whitefish Press, 2009.
External links
Friends of the Wissahickon website
U.S. Geological Survey: PA stream gaging stations
Historic RittenhouseTown
WRV Wissahickon Restoration Volunteers
A virtual geologic tour of Wissahickon Creek
1871 map
1876 map
Bird's eye view lithograph, old photos, building plans, Edison letter, etc. (need to enter Wissahickon into search box)
Postcard collection with several Wissahickon views
Legend of the Wissahikon
Edgar Allan Poe's 1844 sketch "Morning on the Wissahiccon"
Monks of Wissahickon
The Legend of Wissahickon
At the Red Bridge Crossing the Wissahickon Creek by D.J. Kennedy, Historical Society of Pennsylvania
Catfish and Waffles
National Natural Landmarks in Pennsylvania
Rivers of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
Rivers of Pennsylvania
Rivers of Philadelphia
Tributaries of the Schuylkill River
Wissahickon Valley Park |
Dream Girl or dreamgirl may refer to:
Film, theater, and television
Film
The Dream Girl (film), a 1916 American silent drama film directed by Cecil B. DeMille
Dream Girl (1948 film), an American film adapted from the play by Elmer Rice (see below)
Dream Girl (1977 film), an Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film by Pramod Chakravorty, starring Hema Malini
Hema Malini, Indian actress, often referred to as the Dream Girl and the namesake of the film
Dream Girl (1997 film), a 1997 Pakistani film
Dream Girl (2009 film), an Indian Oriya-language romantic comedy film by Ashok Pati
Dream, Girl (2016 film), a documentary featuring Clara Villarosa
Dream Girl (2019 film), an Indian Hindi-language comedy film by Raj Shandilya, starring Ayushman Khurana
Dream Girl 2, 2023 sequel film by Shandilya
Dreamgirls (film), a 2006 film adaptation of the Broadway musical (see below)
Theater
The Dream Girl (operetta), a 1924 operetta by Victor Herbert, Rida Johnson Young, and Harold R. Atteridge
Dream Girl (play), a 1945 stage play by Elmer Rice
Dreamgirls, a 1981 Broadway musical based on Diana Ross and the Supremes
Television
Dream Girl (TV series), a 2015–2016 Indian drama series
Literature
Dreamgirl: My Life as a Supreme, a 1986 autobiography by Mary Wilson
Dream Girl (comics), Nura Nal, a DC Comics superhero
Music
Performers
Dream Girls (band), a 2011–2015 Taiwanese girl group
Bobbie Smith and the Dream Girls, a 1950s and 1960s American girl group
Albums
Dream Girl (album), by Anna of the North, or the title song, 2019
Dream Girl – The Misconceptions of You, by Shinee, or the title song, 2013
Dreamgirls: Music from the Motion Picture, 2006
Dreamgirls: Original Broadway Cast Album, 1982
Songs
"Dream Girl" (Butrint Imeri and Nimo song), 2019
"Dream Girl" (Eric Ethridge song), 2020
"Dreamgirl" (song), by Dave Matthews Band, 2005
"Dream Girls" (song), by I.O.I, 2016
"Dream Girl", by Arthur Alexander, 1963
"Dream Girl", by Basshunter from Now You're Gone – The Album, 2008
"Dream Girl", by Pierre's Pfantasy Club, 1988
"Dream Girl", by Davy Jones from David Jones, 1965
"Dream Girl", by Deli Creeps, 1990
"Dream Girl", by Idina Menzel and cast from the Cinderella film soundtrack, 2021
"Dream Girl", by Mark Wynter, competing to represent the United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961
"Dream Girl", by Mumzy Stranger, 2008
"Dream Girl", by New Edition from One Love, 2004
"Dream Girl", by Sean Paul from Tomahawk Technique, 2012
See also
Manic Pixie Dream Girl, a stock character in film
It girl |
```javascript
// Mark transpiled classes as __PURE__ so that UglifyJS can remove them
module.exports = function visitor() {
return {
visitor: {
ClassExpression: function ClassExpression(path) {
path.addComment('leading', '#__PURE__');
}
}
};
};
``` |
Lara Wolf (born 23 March 2000) is an Austrian freestyle skier who competes internationally. She competed in the World Championships 2017, and participated at the 2018 Winter Olympics in the women's slopestyle event. She outed herself as lesbian.
References
External links
2000 births
Living people
Austrian female freestyle skiers
Olympic freestyle skiers for Austria
Freestyle skiers at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Freestyle skiers at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Freestyle skiers at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics
Austrian LGBT sportspeople
Austrian lesbians
Lesbian sportswomen
LGBT skiers
21st-century Austrian LGBT people |
```objective-c
/*
* Blowfish algorithm
*
* This file is part of FFmpeg.
*
* FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
*
* FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
#ifndef AVUTIL_BLOWFISH_H
#define AVUTIL_BLOWFISH_H
#include <stdint.h>
/**
* @defgroup lavu_blowfish Blowfish
* @ingroup lavu_crypto
* @{
*/
#define AV_BF_ROUNDS 16
typedef struct AVBlowfish {
uint32_t p[AV_BF_ROUNDS + 2];
uint32_t s[4][256];
} AVBlowfish;
/**
* Allocate an AVBlowfish context.
*/
AVBlowfish *av_blowfish_alloc(void);
/**
* Initialize an AVBlowfish context.
*
* @param ctx an AVBlowfish context
* @param key a key
* @param key_len length of the key
*/
void av_blowfish_init(struct AVBlowfish *ctx, const uint8_t *key, int key_len);
/**
* Encrypt or decrypt a buffer using a previously initialized context.
*
* @param ctx an AVBlowfish context
* @param xl left four bytes halves of input to be encrypted
* @param xr right four bytes halves of input to be encrypted
* @param decrypt 0 for encryption, 1 for decryption
*/
void av_blowfish_crypt_ecb(struct AVBlowfish *ctx, uint32_t *xl, uint32_t *xr,
int decrypt);
/**
* Encrypt or decrypt a buffer using a previously initialized context.
*
* @param ctx an AVBlowfish context
* @param dst destination array, can be equal to src
* @param src source array, can be equal to dst
* @param count number of 8 byte blocks
* @param iv initialization vector for CBC mode, if NULL ECB will be used
* @param decrypt 0 for encryption, 1 for decryption
*/
void av_blowfish_crypt(struct AVBlowfish *ctx, uint8_t *dst, const uint8_t *src,
int count, uint8_t *iv, int decrypt);
/**
* @}
*/
#endif /* AVUTIL_BLOWFISH_H */
``` |
The first Nepalese Constituent Assembly was a unicameral body of 601 members that served from May 28, 2008, to May 28, 2012. It was formed as a result of the first Constituent Assembly election held on April 10, 2008. The Constituent Assembly (CA) was tasked with writing a new constitution, and acting as the interim legislature for a term of two years. 240 members were elected in single-seat constituencies, 335 were elected through proportional representation, and the remaining 26 seats were reserved for nominated members.
The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) [CPN (M)]—now re-formed as the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)—was the largest party in the Constituent Assembly, having won half of the constituency seats and about 30% of proportional representation seats. The CA declared a republic at its first meeting on May 28, 2008, abolishing the monarchy.
In late June 2008, the parties agreed to divide the 26 nominated seats in the CA between nine parties: the CPN (M) was to receive nine of these seats, while the Nepali Congress (NC) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) [CPN (UML)] (which respectively placed second and third in the election) would each receive five, the Madhesi Janadhikar Forum would receive two, and the Sadbhavana Party, the Nepal Workers and Peasants Party, Janamorcha Nepal, and the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist) [CPN(M-L)] would each receive one nominated seat. Due to its failure in drafting a new constitution, the CA was dissolved on May 28, 2012, after its original and extended total tenure of four years. The next Nepalese Constituent Assembly elections initially slated for November 22, 2012 were held a year later on November 19, 2013, after being postponed several times.
Opening of the Constituent Assembly, declaration of the Republic
The official and final list of members elected under the proportional representation (PR) system was released on 8 May 2008; this meant the first meeting of the CA (which has to be held within 21 days of the publication of the final result) would be held before the end of May 2008. On 12 May 2008, it was announced that the first session of the CA would be held on 28 May 2008. The members of the CA were sworn in on 27 May 2008.
The composition of Constituent Assembly looked like this:
At the first session of the Constituent Assembly (CA) on 28 May, it voted to declare Nepal a federal democratic republic, thereby abolishing the monarchy. When the CA voted on this motion, of 564 members, 560 voted in favor and four opposed. Of all the parties represented in the CA, only the Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal (RPP-Nepal) opposed the motion. Koirala said that Nepal was entering a new era and that "the nation's dream has come true", while celebrations took place in Kathmandu; May 29 and May 30 were declared to be public holidays by the government. The CA also decided that Gyanendra should leave the Narayanhity Palace within 15 days.
Earlier on 28 May, the major parties agreed on the creation of the position of President, while the Prime Minister was to hold executive powers; however, they reached no agreement on exactly what powers the President should have or who should become president, and these deliberations led to a delay in the opening of the CA.
On 29 May, the royal standard was removed from Narayanhity Palace and replaced with the national flag. Gyanendra reportedly said on 2 June that he accepted the CA's decision.
Power-sharing discussions
Thirteen parties, including the CPN (M), the NC, and the CPN (UML), met at the Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction on June 1; no agreement was reached regarding power arrangements. The CPN (M) pressed its demand for both the positions of President and Prime Minister, but the NC and CPN (UML) were unwilling to accept this. The NC wanted these positions to be chosen through a simple majority vote in the Constituent Assembly (CA).
Addressing a rally in Gorkha district on June 1, Prachanda gave Koirala an ultimatum to present his resignation to the CA within two or three days, warning that if he failed to do so, the Maoist members of the government would resign and the party would lead street protests.
After Gyanendra requested that the government make arrangements for his residence on June 1, the government decided on June 4 to give another palace, the Nagarjuna Palace, to Gyanendra. Also on June 4, Prachanda and Koirala met; at this meeting Prachanda demanded that the government step aside by June 5 and again threatened street protests. On the same day, the three main parties held a meeting at which they again failed to reach an agreement, but the parties agreed on the need for a few more days and the CPN (M) postponed its deadline for the government to step aside to allow for this period.
On June 5, the CPN (M) softened its position, deciding at a meeting of its Central Secretariat that it would not press its claim to the presidency and that it would instead favor having a member of civil society become president. The party expressed continued opposition to a proposal that would allow the Prime Minister to be dismissed by a simple majority vote of the CA. Despite the Maoist desire to have a neutral figure as president, the NC proposed Koirala for the position.
The CA held its second sitting on June 5; due to the three major parties' deadlock, this sitting was very brief, lasting less than a half hour, and took no major decisions.
On June 11, Gyanendra gave a brief press conference at Narayanhiti, stating his acceptance of the republic and promising cooperation. He also said that he intended to stay in Nepal, asserted that he held no property outside of Nepal, and expressed his hope that he would be allowed to keep his property. He left Narayanhiti on the same evening and went to his new residence at Nagarjuna.
Shortly after another meeting between Prachanda and Koirala, the CPN (M) ministers announced their resignations and sent a joint resignation letter to Prachanda on June 12. According to the CPN (M) Minister for Local Development, Dev Gurung, the purpose of the resignations was to "accelerate the process of formation of a new government and bring an end to the current transitional period". However, some considered the resignations to be a means of increasing pressure on Koirala. The resignations were not immediately submitted to Koirala by the CPN (M), and therefore were not made effective. Gurung said that he expected a coalition government to be formed by June 18.
Also on June 12, CPN (UML) General Secretary Jhala Nath Khanal asserted that a member of his party should become president. On June 14 he blamed the CPN (M) for the deadlock. At a meeting with Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist) (2002) [CPN(M-L)(2002)] General Secretary C. P. Mainali on June 14, Koirala stressed the importance of power-sharing according to the popular mandate and consensus. Mainali expressed the view that the Maoists should be allowed to lead the government, while the post of President should go to someone from the NC and the post of Chairman of the CA should go to someone from the CPN (UML). Meanwhile, Prachanda rejected the possibility of Koirala becoming president, saying that this would be a "dishonour to the people's mandate"; he also expressed concern that having Koirala as president could cause the development of a separate power center from the government, in addition to noting Koirala's advanced age and health problems. Prachanda said that the President should come from a smaller party rather than from the or the CPN (UML).
Koirala said on June 15 that he would not "run around pleading" for the presidency. Prachanda, meanwhile, said that he expected the new government to be formed imminently, calling on other parties to support this and warning that anyone contravening the people's mandate would have a "heavy price" to pay. Another meeting of the three main parties on June 16 ended in continued disagreement on the key issues, and the CPN (M) said that it would submit the resignations of its ministers to Koirala if the next meeting on June 17 did not produce an agreement.
CPN (UML) General Secretary Khanal said on June 17 that it was important for the left-wing parties to work together. While saying that the CPN (UML) and the CPN (M) would cooperate in the future, he noted that it would be necessary for the parties to improve their difficult relationship. The CPN (M) Central Secretariat met on the same day and approved the decision to hold firm on the key issues and for its ministers to resign if an agreement was not reached later in the day. The party chose to support Ramraja Prasad Singh for the presidency. Upendra Yadav, the Coordinator of the Madhesi Janadhikar Forum, also said on June 17 that his party would not participate in the government and would instead be an opposition party, and he stressed the importance of cooperation among the Madhesi parties. Although he criticized the three main parties for focusing on their power struggle, he endorsed the Maoist claim to lead the government, while asserting that some of the key portfolios should be given to other parties.
The Constituent Assembly (CA) went into indefinite recess on June 18. The three main parties continued their discussions on that day, but did not reach an agreement. However, CPN (M) spokesman Krishna Bahadur Mahara said that they were getting closer to an agreement, and he said that the party had postponed its deadline to June 19.
On June 19, the three main parties reached an agreement providing for a constitutional amendment that would enable a government to be formed or dismissed by a simple majority vote of the CA, rather than the previously required two-thirds majority vote. An agreement was also concluded on the issue of integrating Maoist fighters into the national army. However, the parties did not yet agree on a way to resolve the question of power-sharing. Later that day, the Seven-Party Alliance held a meeting at which Koirala said that he was prepared to resign at any time.
The CPN (M) and the CPN (UML) leadership met early on June 20, and afterwards Khanal said that the CPN (M) had "responded positively" to the CPN (UML)'s proposal to have someone from the CPN (UML) as president. A leading member of the CPN (UML) said that the two parties had agreed on the candidacy of Madhav Kumar Nepal, the former General Secretary of the CPN (UML). However, a leading member of the CPN (M) disputed this, saying that the two parties were closer to an agreement but that their party had not agreed to support a CPN (UML) candidate; he said that both Nepal and Sahana Pradhan (whose name was proposed by the CPN (M)) had been discussed as candidates.
The Nepal Federation of Indigenous Nationalities (NFIN) met with Koirala on June 20, seeking a recommendation that indigenous peoples not already represented in the CA be included in it through the 26 nominated seats. Koirala, who was supportive of the NFIN's request, also sharply criticized his rivals on this occasion, saying that they were practicing petty politics and were not respecting the people's mandate to work on a consensus basis. The Maoist ministers submitted their joint resignation at a meeting of the seven parties on June 20.
Sher Bahadur Deuba of the NC said on June 24 that the CPN (M) was responsible for the deadlock and claimed that it was working to divide the Seven-Party Alliance. He also said that Koirala would resign after the election of a President and that the CPN (M) had no authority to demand his resignation before then. Also on June 24, the seven parties agreed on the introduction of a constitutional amendment providing for the election of a President and the formation of a government through simple majority votes. There was, however, disagreement over the NC proposal to include a member of the opposition on the National Security Council; the CPN (M) and the CPN (UML) described this as undemocratic. There was also a proposal to include members of each of the seven parties on the National Security Council. Despite the failure to agree about the opposition's inclusion on the National Security Council, it was agreed to give the opposition a place on the Constitutional Council. The parties also reached agreement on a number of issues related to peace, disarmament and reintegration. A decision was also reached with to divide the 26 nominated seats in the CA among nine parties: the CPN (M) was to receive nine of these seats, while the NC and the CPN (UML) would each receive five, the Madhesi Janadhikar Forum would receive two, and the Sadbhavana Party, the Nepal Workers and Peasants Party, Janamorcha Nepal, and the CPN(M-L) would each receive one nominated seat.
Resignation of Koirala, Madhesi demands
The Council of Ministers approved the constitutional amendment late on June 25. At a meeting of the Constituent Assembly (CA) on June 26, Koirala announced his resignation, although it will not be finalized until after the election of a President, to whom the resignation must be submitted. Although it was expected that the constitutional amendment would be approved at the same meeting, it was not introduced after Madhesi members of the CA demanded that the amendment be expanded to incorporate a March 2008 agreement between the Madhesis and the government that provided for Madhesi autonomy, among other things. As a result of this, the CA meeting was suspended until June 28. After meeting with Koirala on June 27, Hridayesh Tripathy of the Terai Madhes Loktantrik Party (TMLP) said that Koirala was in favor of incorporating the Madhesi agreement into the amendment and that he asked the Madhesis not to disrupt the CA again.
On June 28, the seven parties met to discuss the Madhesi demands; although no decision was reached, all of the parties opposed the Madhesi demand for a single province. The CA met later that day and was again disrupted by representatives of the Madhesi parties, forcing the cancellation of the meeting after only a few minutes. The next CA meeting on June 29 was also disrupted by the Madhesis and was cancelled. Jaya Prakash Gupta, a leading figure in the Madhesi Janadhikar Forum (MJF), also warned on June 29 that the Madhesi parties would "not only obstruct the CA but also paralyse the entire nation to force [the seven parties] to meet our demands." Prachanda, in an interview on June 30, expressed frustration with the Madhesi parties' disruption, which occurred just after Koirala's resignation, when it appeared the road to forming a new government was clear. He said that he favored Madhesi autonomy, but opposed their demand for all of Terai to become one Madhesi province. Khanal, the CPN (UML) General Secretary, flatly rejected the demand for a single Madhesi province, condemning it as "a game to disintegrate the nation". He said that the demand ignored the wishes of other ethnic groups in the Terai.
The CA met on June 30 but was again disrupted by the Madhesis and the meeting was cancelled. The three main parties reached an agreement with the three Madhesi parties, the MJF, the TMLP, and the Nepal Sadbhavana Party, on July 1, providing for a supplementary amendment bill that would meet the Madhesi demands. Another meeting of the CA was disrupted by the Madhesis and aborted on July 2, while the CPN (M), NC, and CPN (UML) met to decide the draft text of the supplementary amendment bill.
The CPN (M) and MJF met on July 3, and the CPN (M) agreed to include a reference to Madhesi autonomy in the bill, while also saying that it wanted the bill to mention other indigenous groups' desire for autonomy. 13 small parties in the CA said on July 3 that they were completely opposed to the Madhesi demand for a single autonomous province, and they criticized the larger parties for the political deadlock that prevented discussion of the issues from taking place in the CA.
Sessions of the CA were attempted on July 3 and July 4, but both were immediately disrupted by the Madhesi members and were aborted. On the latter occasion, Kul Bahadur Gurung, who chaired the session, urged the Madhesi members to respect the right of other members to be heard, but they ignored him. On July 4, the CPN (M), Nepali Congress, and CPN (UML) agreed on a draft supplementary amendment bill intended to satisfy the Madhesi demands. The draft requires the State Restructuring Commission to consider the March 2008 agreement between the government and the Madhesis when drawing up Nepal's federal structure. A meeting of the Seven Party Alliance followed the three-party agreement, and at this meeting, the People's Front Nepal, United Left Front, and Nepal Workers and Peasants Party objected to the draft, saying that it would endanger national unity. The cabinet approved the bill late on July 4; at the same time, it decided to nominate the 26 remaining members of the CA, dividing the seats between nine parties in accordance with the parties' earlier agreement and the lists of names they presented.
The Madhesi parties quickly deemed the supplementary amendment bill to be an unacceptable "betrayal". Khanal, the CPN (UML) General Secretary, said that the bill should satisfy the Madhesi demands, and he warned that opposition to the bill would not be in Madhesi interests or in the interests of any of the peoples of Terai. He called on the Madhesi members to make proposals and engage in discussion in the CA instead of disrupting it.
On July 6, at a meeting between the three main parties and the Madhesi parties, the former agreed to formulate a new bill to replace the one agreed upon two days prior, while the latter agreed to stop disrupting the CA. 23 of the 26 nominated members of the CA were sworn in on July 7; the remaining three were unable to attend the swearing in ceremony. On July 8, the Seven Party Alliance, with the exception of the Nepal Workers and Peasants Party, agreed on the content of a new draft bill, according to which federal structures would be created in line with the wishes of the Madhesis and other ethnic groups.
The Constituent Assembly (CA) was able to meet and function on July 9, for the first time since the Madhesis began pressing their demands on June 26. Although they did not disrupt the CA on this occasion, the three Madhesi parties furiously condemned the proposed bill and vowed that their struggle would continue. During the CA meeting, they submitted a protest notice, and when this was rejected, they chose to boycott the CA's proceedings. Narendra Bikram Nemwang, the Minister for Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs, tabled the bill regardless.
Koirala said on July 11 that forming a government was the responsibility of the CPN (M). However, the CPN (M) criticized the NC on July 12 for "obstructing the process [of forming a government] for the past three months". To protest the amendment bill, the Madhesi parties boycotted the CA meeting held on July 13, at which the amendment bill was considered. The bill was passed on the same day; 442 members of the CA voted for the amendment and seven voted against it. It thus became the interim constitution's Fifth Amendment. The amendment allows for the formation of a government based on a CA majority; it also allows the President, vice-president, Chairman of the CA, and the Deputy Chairman of the CA to be elected by majority vote if there is no consensus. In addition, the amendment provides for the Leader of the Opposition to become a member of the Constitutional Council; however, the CA rejected a proposal from the cabinet that the Leader of the Opposition be included on the National Defense Council.
In a meeting with the NC on July 14, the CPN (M) urged it to participate in the new government. A NC leader replied that the party had still not decided whether to participate.
Election of Nepal's first president
An indirect presidential election was held in Nepal on 19 July 2008 with a presidential run-off on 21 July. The Nepalese Constituent Assembly (CA) elected in April 2008 elected a new president and vice-president after the Fifth Amendment to the Interim Constitution was passed on July 14. This would be the first President to be elected after Nepal became a republic a few months earlier.
In the newly passed amendment, the majority party will form the government, the CA will elect the new president on the basis of majority and a new provision that the Opposition Leader will be a member of the Constitutional Council. The leading political parties, NC, the CPN (M) and the CPN (UML) engaged in discussions regarding who would be the new president. The NC wanted Prime Minister and interim Head of State Girija Prasad Koirala while the CPN (UML) wanted its former Secretary-General Madhav Kumar Nepal as president. However, the CPN (M) wants an independent figure as president rather than party figures such as Koirala or Nepal. The Maoists won the most seats in the CA however needs to form a coalition government with the other parties.
See also
List of members elected in the 2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election
References
2008 in Nepal
Constituent Assembly of Nepal
Constitutional law
Unicameral legislatures
Abolition of monarchy |
Yngvar Numme (born 1 October 1944 in Porsgrunn, Norway) is a Norwegian singer, actor, revue writer and director. He is particularly known for his central role in the show group Dizzie Tunes for about forty years, one of the most successful ensembles in Norwegian entertainment. He was awarded the Leonard Statuette in 1990, and Dizzie Tunes received the same award in 1993.
He also voiced in the animated film, "Løvenes Konge" (Norwegian version of The Lion King) and voiced for The Chronicler in the Norwegian dub for The Legend of Spyro: Dawn of the Dragon video game released in 2008. Numme is also father to Thomas Numme.
Personal life
Numme was born in Porsgrunn on 1 October 1944. He is a son of Harald Numme and Erna Andreasssen. His first marriage, from 1969 to 1991, was to Kari Fogstad. In 1996 he married dancer Ingrid Meland.
References
External links
1944 births
Living people
People from Porsgrunn
Norwegian male stage actors
Norwegian male voice actors
Norwegian male singers
Leonard Statuette winners
Norwegian male video game actors |
Robert Harris (July 29, 1830 – April 21, 1894) was a civil engineer and railroad executive who became president of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad and Northern Pacific Railway.
Life
Robert Harris was born on July 29, 1830, in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. His father was educator William Coffin Harris (born 1767) and mother was Mary Johnson.
His brother Charles Coffin Harris (1822–1881) became the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
He studied civil engineering in Boston, and briefly studied law like his older brother.
In 1852 Harris became assistant engineer for the Hartford, Providence and Fishkill Railroad (later the New York and New England Railroad). In April 1853 he moved to Wisconsin and was resident engineer for Beloit and Madison Railroad (later the Chicago and North Western Railway).
From April 1856 to February 1860 he was superintendent of the Racine and Mississippi Railroad (later part of the Milwaukee Road system). In April 1860 he moved to Texas to become superintendent of the Galveston, Houston and Henderson Railroad. From November 1860 to June 1861 he was superintendent of the Buffalo Bayou, Brazos and Colorado Railway.
During the American Civil War he worked for the Quartermaster's department of the Union Army in North Carolina.
In July 1863 he became assistant general superintendent of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (CBQ) where he would work for 15 years. In May 1865 he became general superintendent, and in February 1876 he became president of CBQ until June 1878.
In October 1878 he became general manager of the New York, Lake Erie and Western Railroad (NY&E). In December 1880 he became vice-president of NY&E until January 1884.
On October 15, 1879, he had become a director of the Northern Pacific Railway (NP). Although offered the position of vice-president in 1881, he declined, and Thomas Fletcher Oakes took that position.
After Henry Villard stepped down, he became president of NP in January 1884. In October 1888 he resigned, Oakes became president, and Harris Chairman of the Board. In 1893 he was re-elected to the board and named vice-president.
He died April 21, 1894, in Rochester, New York, on his way back from a business meeting.
See also
List of railroad executives
References
Northern Pacific Railway people
People from Portsmouth, New Hampshire
1830 births
1894 deaths |
Tim Renkow (born 1989, Mexico City) is an American actor, writer and comedian. He plays the leading role of Tim in the TV series Jerk, which he also co-wrote.
Early life
Renkow was born in Mexico City, and grew up in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He later attended art school in Memphis, Tennessee.
Career
Beginnings
In Memphis, at the age of 19, Renkow began performing stand-up comedy. He continued in this activity in New York City, before moving to the United Kingdom to study creative writing in 2012. He participated in the Chortle Student Comedy Award Final at 2013's Edinburgh Fringe. In 2014, Renkow performed his debut show, At Least Hell Has Ramps, and was nominated for Chortle's Best Newcomer Award.
Renkow's first television appearance was in 2016, in an episode of BBC Comedy Feeds, A Brief History of Tim.
In 2017, Renkow appeared in four episodes of Bobby & Harriet Get Married, Bobby Mair and Harriet Kemsley's comedic TV series about their wedding.
2019 - present: Jerk
In February 2019, Series 1 of Renkow's television series, Jerk, was released by BBC Three. It was subsequently replayed on BBC One, and its approval for a second series was announced in September 2019. The series largely built on the characters established in A Brief History of Tim. The show's second series aired in 2021.
In April 2019, Renkow performed a one-man show at London's Soho Theatre entitled Tim Renkow Tries to Punch Down.
In 2021, Renkow was announced as a member of the UK jury for the BAFTA Breakthrough Initiative. He appeared in an episode of BBC's Live At the Apollo Series 16.
Personal life
Renkow has cerebral palsy. In September 2020 he married fellow comedian Spring Day.
Filmography
Television
References
External links
American male comedians
Living people
American actors
Male actors from Mexico City
People with cerebral palsy
American actors with disabilities
1989 births |
Very few texts in Judaism refer to or take note of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. Those that do generally reject Muhammad's proclamation of receiving divine revelations from God and label him instead as a false prophet.
References to Muhammad
In the Middle Ages, it was common for Jewish writers to describe Muhammad as ha-meshuggah ("the madman"), a term frequently used in the Bible for those who believe themselves to be prophets.
Maimonides
Maimonides referred to Muhammad as a false prophet and an insane man. In his Epistle to Yemen he wrote "After [Jesus] arose the Madman who emulated his precursor [Jesus], since he paved the way for him. But he added the further objective of procuring rule and submission [talb al-mulk; pursuit of sovereignty] and he invented what was well known [Islam]."
In his authoritative work of law, the Mishneh Torah (Hilkhot Melakhim 11:10–12), Maimonides indicated that nevertheless Muhammad was part of God's plan of preparing the world for the coming of the Jewish Messiah: "All those words of Jesus of Nazareth and of this Ishmaelite [i.e., Muhammad] who arose after him are only to make straight the path for the messianic king and to prepare the whole world to serve the Lord together. As it is said: 'For then I will change the speech of the peoples to a pure speech so that all of them shall call on the name of the Lord and serve him with one accord' (Zephaniah 3:9)."
Obscure and indirect references
Natan'el al-Fayyumi, a prominent 12th-century Yemenite rabbi and theologian, and the founder of what is sometimes called "Jewish Ismailism", wrote in his philosophical treatise Bustan al-Uqul ("Garden of the minds") that God sends prophets to establish religions for other nations, which do not have to conform to the precepts of the Jewish Torah. Nethanel explicitly considered Muhammad a true prophet, who was sent from Heaven with a particular message that applies to the Arabs, but not to the Jews. Al-Fayyumi's explicit acceptance of Muhammad's prophecy was rare and virtually unknown until recent times beyond his native Yemen.
The apocalyptic Midrash The Secrets of Rabbi Simon ben Yohai, compares Muhammad to the Jewish Messiah. According to this text, ascribed to the famous 1st-century sage and mystic Simeon bar Yochai, and apparently written at the beginning of the Muslim conquest or in the 8th century, Muhammad's role as a prophet includes redeeming the Jews from the Christian ("Roman" or "Edomite") oppression and playing a positive role in the messianic process.
One Yemenite Jewish document, found in the Cairo Genizah, suggests that many Jews had not only accepted Muhammad as a prophet, but had even desecrated Sabbath in order to join Muhammad in his struggle. However, some historians suggest that this document, called Dhimmat an-nabi Muhammad (Muhammad's Writ of Protection), has been fabricated by Yemenite Jews for the purpose of self-defence.
A number of stories from the Islamic tradition about Muhammad entered mainstream Jewish thought incidentally, due to the great cultural convergence in Al-Andalus from the 9th to 12th centuries, known as the Golden Age of Iberian Jewry. For example, Rabbi Jacob Joseph of Polonne, one of the early Hasidic mystics, wrote that one pious man (hasid) taught that the internal struggle against the evil inclination is greater than external battle, quoting Bahya ibn Paquda's popular treatise Chovot HaLevavot. In the Judeo-Arabic original version of that book, Bahya Ibn Paquda refers to both external and internal battle as jihad and the "pious man" about whom the story is originally told is Muhammad, though the author does not mention his source by name.
See also
Judaism's view of Jesus
Islamic-Jewish relations
Muhammad's views on Jews
References
Muhammad
Muhammad
Religious perspectives on Muhammad
Point of view |
is a Japanese former professional road and track cyclist. Considered one of Japan's most successful cyclists in his decade, Iijima has claimed a total of nine track cycling medals (two golds, three silver, and four bronze) at the Asian Championships, two silvers at the Asian Games (1998 and 2002), and three national time trial titles at the Japanese Championships (1998, 2004, and 2005). He also represented his nation Japan in three editions of the Olympic Games (2000, 2004, and 2008). He announced his retirement from professional cycling in October 2010 as a member of the team.
Racing career
Iijima was born in Hino, Tokyo.
Amateur years
Despite earning his first career medal in road racing at the 1998 Asian Games in Bangkok, Thailand, Iijima made his official debut, as a 29-year-old, at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where he finished sixteenth in the men's points race with a total score of six sprint points.
At the 2002 Asian Games in Busan, Iijima paired up with Shinichi Fukushima to grab a silver medal in the men's madison on 11 points, trailing behind the South Korean duo Suh Seok-Kyu and 2000 Olympian Cho Ho-Sung by an ample, twenty-seven point margin after ten intermediate sprint laps. In the same year, he outsprinted his brother Noriyuki Iijima and Hong Kong's Wong Kam Po to take the men's points race title at the Asian Championships in Bangkok, Thailand.
When he competed for the second time at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Iijima managed to finish the men's points race successfully in sixteenth place with 13 points, matching his position from Sydney four years earlier in the process.
Professional career
Iijima turned professional as a road rider in 2005, and eventually stayed with Sumita Ravanello Pearl Izumi for one cycling season, before he left himself without a contract. He was also crowned the winner Japanese National Time Trial Championships in the same year.
As a two-year free agent, Iijima redrafted his efforts to edge out Iran's Hossein Askari and Hong Kong's Cheung King Wai for his second career gold in the men's point race at the 2006 Asian Cycling Championships in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, adding a bronze in the men's time trial to his career resume. Later that year, at the Asian Games in Doha, Iijima narrowly missed the podium with a fourth-place finish in the points race (a total of ten) and sixth in the men's road race (3:45:05).
Eight years after his first Olympics, Iijima qualified for his third Japanese squad, as a 37-year-old and a cycling team captain, in the men's points race at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing by receiving a berth from the UCI Track World Rankings. Iijima picked up a total of 23 points, and lapped the field once to score a career-high eighth place in a sprint race. Strong results on his third Olympic bid landed him a spot on the pro cycling team for three annual seasons.
At the 2009 East Asian Games in Macau, Iijima delivered the Japanese foursome of Kazuo Inoue, Kazuhiro Mori and Hayato Yoshida a gold-medal time of 1:38:38.84 in the men's team time trial, finishing ahead of the Chinese team by more than two minutes.
Major results
1998
1st Time trial, National Road Championships
2nd Road race, Asian Games
1999
2nd Time trial, National Road Championships
2001
1st Stage 4 Perlis Open
2002
Asian Track Championships
1st Points race
2nd Elimination race
2nd Madison, Asian Games
3rd Points race, UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics, Moscow
2003
2nd Time trial, National Road Championships
2004
Asian Track Championships
1st Points race
2nd Elimination race
1st Time trial, National Road Championships
2005
1st Time trial, National Road Championships
Asian Track Championships
3rd Points race
3rd Team pursuit
2006
Asian Cycling Championships
1st Points race
3rd Time trial
Tour de East Java
1st Stages 1 & 5
1st Stage 3 Tour de Kumano
1st Stage 3 Tour d'Indonesia
2nd Time trial, National Road Championships
Asian Games
4th Points race
6th Road race
2007
1st Stage 1 Jelajah Malaysia
1st Stage 3 Tour de Kumano
Asian Track Championships
2nd Madison
3rd Points race
2008
3rd Team pursuit, Asian Track Championships
8th Points race, Olympic Games
2009
1st Team time trial, East Asian Games
1st Stage 1 Jelajah Malaysia
National Road Championships
2nd Time trial
7th Road race
10th Overall Tour de Okinawa
2010
National Road Championships
3rd Time trial
8th Road race
10th Points race, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2012
8th JBCF Simofusa Criterium
2013
2nd JBCF Makuhari Criterium
References
External links
NBC 2008 Olympics profile
1971 births
Living people
Japanese male cyclists
Japanese track cyclists
Cyclists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 1994 Asian Games
Cyclists at the 1998 Asian Games
Cyclists at the 2002 Asian Games
Cyclists at the 2006 Asian Games
Asian Games medalists in cycling
People from Hino, Tokyo
Olympic cyclists for Japan
Sportspeople from Tokyo
Asian Games silver medalists for Japan
Medalists at the 1998 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2002 Asian Games |
```java
package io.jpress.model.base;
import io.jboot.db.model.JbootModel;
import com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.IBean;
/**
* Generated by JPress, do not modify this file.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public abstract class BaseOption<M extends BaseOption<M>> extends JbootModel<M> implements IBean {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* ID
*/
public void setId(java.lang.Long id) {
set("id", id);
}
/**
* ID
*/
public java.lang.Long getId() {
return getLong("id");
}
/**
* KEY
*/
public void setKey(java.lang.String key) {
set("key", key);
}
/**
* KEY
*/
public java.lang.String getKey() {
return getStr("key");
}
/**
*
*/
public void setValue(java.lang.String value) {
set("value", value);
}
/**
*
*/
public java.lang.String getValue() {
return getStr("value");
}
/**
* ID
*/
public void setSiteId(java.lang.Long siteId) {
set("site_id", siteId);
}
/**
* ID
*/
public java.lang.Long getSiteId() {
return getLong("site_id");
}
}
``` |
Aspidistra is a plant genus (from the Greek aspidion, a small round shield).
Aspidistra may also refer to:
Aspidistra elatior, an Aspidistra species used as a houseplant
Aspidistra (transmitter), a radio transmitter codenamed Aspidistra and used by Britain in the Second World War to beam propaganda to Germany
An Aspidistra in Babylon, novel by H. E. Bates
Keep the Aspidistra Flying, novel by George Orwell
"The Biggest Aspidistra in the World", 1938 song by Gracie Fields |
```php
<?php declare(strict_types=1);
namespace Tests\Utils\Unions;
use GraphQL\Type\Definition\Type;
use Nuwave\Lighthouse\Schema\TypeRegistry;
final class Person
{
public function __construct(private TypeRegistry $typeRegistry) {}
/** @param array<string, mixed> $value */
public function resolveType(array $value): Type
{
$type = isset($value['id'])
? 'User'
: 'Employee';
return $this->typeRegistry->get($type);
}
}
``` |
YWCA is a historic YWCA located in downtown Evansville, Indiana. It was built in 1924, and is a three-story, Tudor Revival style red brick clubhouse on a raised basement.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
References
YWCA buildings
Clubhouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana
Tudor Revival architecture in Indiana
Buildings and structures completed in 1924
Buildings and structures in Evansville, Indiana
National Register of Historic Places in Evansville, Indiana
History of women in Indiana |
HMS Dauphin Royal was a schooner of eight or ten guns that the Royal Navy purchased in 1796 in the West Indies. On 18 October 1796 she and brought into Môle-Saint-Nicolas a small French privateer schooner, the Capitaine Generoux, of one gun, three swivel guns, and 25 men. Capitaine Generoux, of Santo Domingo, was two days out of Aux Cayes and had captured nothing. When Admiral Duckworth took command of the Leeward Island station in mid-1800, Dauphin Royal was listed among the vessels coming under his command. She was still listed as being on the station in 1801.
Citations
References
Schooners of the Royal Navy |
```objective-c
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
// Original code copyright 2014 Foxit Software Inc. path_to_url
#ifndef CORE_FPDFAPI_PAGE_CPDF_CONTENTMARKS_H_
#define CORE_FPDFAPI_PAGE_CPDF_CONTENTMARKS_H_
#include <memory>
#include <vector>
#include "core/fpdfapi/page/cpdf_contentmarkitem.h"
#include "core/fxcrt/fx_system.h"
#include "core/fxcrt/retain_ptr.h"
class CPDF_Dictionary;
class CPDF_ContentMarks {
public:
CPDF_ContentMarks();
~CPDF_ContentMarks();
std::unique_ptr<CPDF_ContentMarks> Clone();
int GetMarkedContentID() const;
size_t CountItems() const;
bool ContainsItem(const CPDF_ContentMarkItem* pItem) const;
// The returned pointer is never null.
CPDF_ContentMarkItem* GetItem(size_t index);
const CPDF_ContentMarkItem* GetItem(size_t index) const;
void AddMark(ByteString name);
void AddMarkWithDirectDict(ByteString name, CPDF_Dictionary* pDict);
void AddMarkWithPropertiesHolder(const ByteString& name,
CPDF_Dictionary* pHolder,
const ByteString& property_name);
bool RemoveMark(CPDF_ContentMarkItem* pMarkItem);
void DeleteLastMark();
size_t FindFirstDifference(const CPDF_ContentMarks* other) const;
private:
class MarkData final : public Retainable {
public:
MarkData();
MarkData(const MarkData& src);
~MarkData() override;
size_t CountItems() const;
bool ContainsItem(const CPDF_ContentMarkItem* pItem) const;
CPDF_ContentMarkItem* GetItem(size_t index);
const CPDF_ContentMarkItem* GetItem(size_t index) const;
int GetMarkedContentID() const;
void AddMark(ByteString name);
void AddMarkWithDirectDict(ByteString name, CPDF_Dictionary* pDict);
void AddMarkWithPropertiesHolder(const ByteString& name,
CPDF_Dictionary* pHolder,
const ByteString& property_name);
bool RemoveMark(CPDF_ContentMarkItem* pMarkItem);
void DeleteLastMark();
private:
std::vector<RetainPtr<CPDF_ContentMarkItem>> m_Marks;
};
void EnsureMarkDataExists();
RetainPtr<MarkData> m_pMarkData;
};
#endif // CORE_FPDFAPI_PAGE_CPDF_CONTENTMARKS_H_
``` |
```javascript
'use strict';
module.exports = function (x) {
if (typeof x !== 'number') {
throw new TypeError('Expected a number');
}
return x === 300 ||
x === 301 ||
x === 302 ||
x === 303 ||
x === 305 ||
x === 307 ||
x === 308;
};
``` |
```xml
// Next.js API route support: path_to_url
import type { NextApiRequest, NextApiResponse } from "next";
import { FliptApiClient } from "@flipt-io/flipt";
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from "uuid";
const client = new FliptApiClient({
environment: process.env.FLIPT_ADDR ?? "path_to_url",
});
type Data = {
name: string;
};
export default async function handler(
_req: NextApiRequest,
res: NextApiResponse<Data>
) {
let language = "english";
try {
const evaluation = await client.evaluation.variant({
namespaceKey: "default",
flagKey: "language",
entityId: uuidv4(),
context: {},
});
language = evaluation.variantKey;
} catch (err) {
console.log(err);
}
let response: any = {
greeting:
language == "spanish"
? "Hola, from Next.js API route"
: "Hello, from Next.js API route",
};
res.status(200).json(response);
}
``` |
Ruud ter Heide (born 15 October 1982) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a striker.
Career
Born in Enschede, Overijssel, Ter Heide started his career with FC Twente. He made five appearances from 2001 until 2003. In the 2003–04 season, he played with German team Eintracht Nordhorn where he made 30 appearances and scored 24 goals. In the 2004–05 season, he moved to SV Werder Bremen where he scored seven goals in 31 appearances. He moved back to the Netherlands with AGOVV Apeldoorn in 2006.
In early 2010, he was loaned to FC Emmen for the remainder of the season. He signed a permanent deal with the club on 4 June 2010.
Personal life
On 5 July 2018, ter Heide was, together with his brother Frank, sentenced to 12 years in prison for stabbing two brothers, wounding one of them fatally.
References
External links
Voetbal International Profile
1982 births
Living people
Dutch men's footballers
Footballers from Enschede
Men's association football forwards
AGOVV players
FC Twente players
SC Cambuur players
FC Emmen players
SV Werder Bremen II players
PEC Zwolle players
Eredivisie players
Eerste Divisie players
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Dutch expatriate men's footballers
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Sportspeople convicted of crimes |
```java
/*
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
* questions.
*/
package jdk.graal.compiler.hotspot;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.SortedSet;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import jdk.graal.compiler.core.common.util.MethodKey;
import jdk.graal.compiler.debug.TTY;
import jdk.graal.compiler.options.Option;
import jdk.graal.compiler.options.OptionKey;
import jdk.graal.compiler.options.OptionType;
import jdk.graal.compiler.options.OptionValues;
import jdk.vm.ci.code.CompilationRequest;
import jdk.vm.ci.hotspot.HotSpotJVMCIRuntime;
import jdk.vm.ci.meta.ResolvedJavaMethod;
class CompilationCounters {
public static class Options {
// @formatter:off
@Option(help = "The number of compilations allowed for any method before " +
"the VM exits (a value of 0 means there is no limit).", type = OptionType.Debug)
public static final OptionKey<Integer> CompilationCountLimit = new OptionKey<>(0);
// @formatter:on
}
private final OptionValues options;
CompilationCounters(OptionValues options) {
TTY.println("Warning: Compilation counters enabled, excessive recompilation of a method will cause a failure!");
this.options = options;
}
private final Map<MethodKey, Integer> counters = new HashMap<>();
/**
* Counts the number of compilations for the {@link ResolvedJavaMethod} of the
* {@link CompilationRequest}. If the number of compilations exceeds
* {@link Options#CompilationCountLimit} this method prints an error message and exits the VM.
*
* @param method the method about to be compiled
*/
synchronized void countCompilation(ResolvedJavaMethod method) {
MethodKey key = new MethodKey(method);
Integer val = counters.get(key);
val = val != null ? val + 1 : 1;
counters.put(key, val);
if (val > Options.CompilationCountLimit.getValue(options)) {
TTY.printf("Error. Method %s was compiled too many times. Number of compilations: %d\n", method.format("%H.%n(%p)"),
CompilationCounters.Options.CompilationCountLimit.getValue(options));
TTY.println("==================================== High compilation counters ====================================");
SortedSet<Map.Entry<MethodKey, Integer>> sortedCounters = new TreeSet<>(new CounterComparator());
for (Map.Entry<MethodKey, Integer> e : counters.entrySet()) {
sortedCounters.add(e);
}
for (Map.Entry<MethodKey, Integer> entry : sortedCounters) {
if (entry.getValue() >= Options.CompilationCountLimit.getValue(options) / 2) {
TTY.out.printf("%d\t%s%n", entry.getValue(), entry.getKey());
}
}
TTY.flush();
HotSpotGraalServices.exit(-1, HotSpotJVMCIRuntime.runtime());
}
}
static final class CounterComparator implements Comparator<Map.Entry<MethodKey, Integer>> {
@Override
public int compare(Entry<MethodKey, Integer> o1, Entry<MethodKey, Integer> o2) {
if (o1.getValue() < o2.getValue()) {
return -1;
}
if (o1.getValue() > o2.getValue()) {
return 1;
}
return String.valueOf(o1.getKey()).compareTo(String.valueOf(o2.getKey()));
}
}
}
``` |
James M. Fail (March 28, 1926February 26, 2010) was an American financial executive who served as chairman of Stone Holdings, Inc. and Bluebonnet Savings Bank. A native of Mobile, Alabama, he attended Murphy High School
and served for three years in the U.S. Navy.
After graduating from the University of Alabama in 1949, he began his career as a securities salesman for Merrill Lynch. In the following decades, Fail and his holding companies have owned and operated a variety of investment, mortgage, banking, savings and loan, and insurance businesses throughout the U.S.
Fail was thrust into public attention
in 1990, when the Senate Judiciary Antitrust Subcommittee held hearings scrutinizing his business activities, in particular his acquisition of a federally funded thrift despite a prior indictment for fraud and the criminal conviction of his company.
More recently, he has been noted for a variety of philanthropic and community leadership efforts.
Business history
Fail became Vice President of Commercial Mortgage Company in 1961 and President of Gulf South Mortgage and Investment Company in 1964. He founded Lifeshares Group, an insurance holding company, in 1970. From 1987 to 1997 he was owner and chairman of The Oklahoma Bank.
Fail was indicted for securities fraud in Alabama in 1976. As a result of a plea bargain, the charges against him personally were dropped; he pleaded guilty on behalf of his already-bankrupt company, and he was barred from doing any further business in Alabama. This incident would later provide the basis for further fraud charges against Fail brought by the FDIC.
In 1988, during the savings and loan crisis, the Federal Home Loan Bank Board approved the Southwest Plan, a program to provide government assistance to induce private capital investors to bail out failed savings and loans in the southwestern United States. While owner of CFSB Corporation, now known as Stone Capital, Inc., Fail acquired one such package of 15 insolvent thrifts, the Pard/Rose package. These were merged into a single thrift and renamed Bluebonnet. As a result of regulatory changes in 1989, Fail has been pursuing a Winstar suit against the federal government for an amount on the order of $100 million, which was still running as of 2006.
In order to buy Bluebonnet, in September 1988, Fail borrowed $34 million from Mutual Security Life Insurance Co., a Fort Wayne, Indiana company he had bought the previous year while it was struggling with debt. Mutual Security became insolvent in August 1990 and moved its headquarters to Lincoln, Nebraska and Dallas, Texas; its Indiana business was seized by state regulators, prompting BusinessWeek to describe 130,000 policyholders as "in limbo". Also in 1990, another of Fail's insurance companies, Farm and Home Life Insurance, failed and was placed in receivership by the Arizona Department of Insurance. In March 1992, Arizona sued Fail and his deputies for civil racketeering fraud in an amount in excess of the company's $101 million insolvency, alleging that "Mr. Fail and others were engaged in an elaborate scheme to drain millions of dollars out of the company...", resulting in its failure. The case was settled for $78.8 million.
The Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Antitrust, Competition Policy and Consumer Rights investigated the Bluebonnet deal in 1990 to determine, among other questions, why Fail's bid succeeded despite the 1976 fraud conviction of his company, which should have been a "presumptive disqualifier" per FHLBB regulations. Initially, most of the criticism came from chairman Howard Metzenbaum, who described the deal as "an abomination, the worst case we have found" among the savings and loan bailouts.
When Fail admitted to incorrect disclosures of his legal history, Senators Arlen Specter and Orrin Hatch also voiced their concerns. Author Marin Lowy, in his 1991 analysis of the situation, describes the hearings as exaggerated and "political hay." At the same time, Lowy expresses doubt towards Fail's "business morals" and trustworthiness with federal aid, concluding that thanks to the public scrutiny, "there's little likelihood that Mr. Fail can or will loot Bluebonnet," and in this sense, the public good had ultimately been served.
Bluebonnet maintained a profitable banking profile through 2003 when it opted to liquidate its assets.
Philanthropy and community involvement
Fail has served as a Director of the Beneficial Mortgage Company, a member of the Economic Club of New York and a founder of its Centennial Society, and a Director of the Phoenix Symphony. In 1997 he established The Patsy and Jim Fail Scholarship at Birmingham-Southern College for "any worthy and deserving student". In 2007 Fail donated $200,000 to the Mobile Symphony, endowing its principal cello chair in memory of his wife.
Fail has repeatedly given to the Crimson Tide Foundation, the non-profit arm of the University of Alabama's athletic department. The department's media suite is named for Fail's father-in-law, Naylor Stone. In 2008, the visitor's locker room at Bryant–Denny Stadium was officially named "The Fail Room" in his honor. Fail commented, "Earlier this year when I saw the visitors' locker room as a potential naming right, I figured it was the most appropriate opportunity I would ever have to use my name."
Other donation recipients include the UAB School of Medicine,
St. Paul's Academy,
the Metropolitan Museum of Art,
the University of Alabama Collegiate Fund,
the Alabama Symphony,
and Kappa Sigma Beta.
References
1926 births
American financiers
Military personnel from Mobile, Alabama
University of Alabama alumni
Businesspeople from Alabama
2010 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople |
Anand is a 2004 Indian Telugu-language drama film written and directed Sekhar Kammula. Produced jointly by Amigos Creations and National Film Development Corporation of India, the film stars Raja and Kamalinee Mukherjee. The film begins with the death of the family of a young girl as a result of a character's drunken driving. The film sketches the path of the young girl growing up into a woman who lives her life independently and with self-esteem. How the male protagonist enters the woman's life and how they fall in love with each other forms the rest of the story.
The film's basic story was also chosen as the subject for Sekhar Kammula's thesis screenplay, which was a requirement for his Master of Fine Arts at Howard University. The film was screened at the International Film Festival of India in the mainstream section.
The film was well received by critics and became successful at the box office. It was remade in Tamil as Ninaithale. The film went on to win the Nandi Awards among several other prominent awards. If the award-winning Dollar Dreams (2000) set the tone, then Anand introduced the legacy of successful films made with simple stories. The film's soundtrack was well appreciated for its soft melodies.
Plot
Roopa is a woman with self-respect, determined at her decisions, and yet lovable and sensitive. She works in an ad agency along with teaching classical music part-time. Along with Anita, she also works on weekends at a nursery. After losing her parents at a young age, she fends for herself.
She is engaged to Rahul, a rich Marwari whom she fell in love with. On the night of the wedding, she is confronted with Rahul's mother who insists Roopa to wear a North Indian dress. Roopa, however, has always desired to wear her mother's sari for her wedding. The argument turns ugly while Rahul keeps mum tacitly supporting his mother. Roopa finally decides to call off the marriage after realizing that her freedom and individuality are not being respected by them.
Anand is the son of a rich industrialist who unintentionally killed Roopa's parents in a car accident, thereby losing mental stability. Anand brings his father to Roopa's wedding hoping that his blessings for the wedded couple would bring solace to his soul. At the wedding, however, Anand witnesses the turn of events and finds that Roopa is the woman for him. In order to try his luck in wooing Roopa, he drops his studies in the US and decides to move into a room next to her house. They frown, fight, argue with each other all through his stay there. Anita who is aware of Anand's love for Roopa helps him by giving tips to get closer to her.
A few months later, Rahul's mother dies and Roopa is the one he approaches to seek solace. She gives all the support as a friend to Rahul during his difficult days. On the other hand, the affection between Anand and Roopa is on and off, with arguments on trivial issues. Anand continues to put in his efforts till one day drunken Rahul appears at Roopa's house only to forcibly convince her to marry him. Anand gets frustrated and kicks him out of the house and blames her for choosing Rahul over him. Trying to win back the love of Anand, she cooks for him. Anand rejects and leaves the house. After a few days, they both meet again at a Dandiya night, where Roopa confesses her love to him. Later, Anand reveals that his father is responsible for her parents' death. Though she was shocked by learning this, she decides to forgive that event and move on with her life and agrees to marry Anand.
Cast
Raja as Anand
Kamalinee Mukherjee as Roopa (Voice by Sunitha)
Satya Krishnan as Anita, Roopa's friend
Anish Kuruvilla as Raju, Anand's cousin
Anuj Gurwara as Rahul, Roopa's ex-fiancée
Bakhitha Francis as Samatha, Anand's little friend
Chandana Chakrabarti as Rahul's mother
Gopichand Lagadapati as Ram
Gururaj Manepalli as Anand's father
Sekhar Kammula as auto driver (cameo appearance)
Shankar Melkote as Roopa's boss
Production
Financing
After Sekhar Kammula's first venture, Dollar Dreams (2000), he began meeting producers with his stories. When he initially told them a story, they felt that it was too simple. Then, he began giving them a bound script of Anand. Unfortunately, none came forward to produce it. Upon someone's suggestion, Kammula approached National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) and they came forward to fund a part of the project. This set a precedent because it was the first time that NFDC entered into commercial Telugu cinema.
Anish Kuruvilla, who played Anand's cousin in the film, was the executive producer for the film and Kammula's following film, Godavari (2006).
Casting and locations
Kammula preferred actors who suit the roles than writing characters for established actors. Hence, the choice of the cast were non-established actors. The search process lasted 3 months. The casting for Raja was simple. Kammula wanted someone without melodrama in acting and it just came as a plus when Raja appreciated Kammula's directorial abilities. The choice for an actress made Kammula visit Mumbai and Bangalore, but he could not get the appropriate one. On knowing about Kamalinee Mukherjee, he subjected her to a screen test. After the test, he selected her as the actress in the lead role. The choice of location was first thought as Ramoji Film City and Nanakramguda in Hyderabad. So, these thoughts were quashed because the need was for a suitably big house and an outhouse situated adjacent to it. Since Kammula stayed in Padmarao Nagar, a prominent locality in Hyderabad, a location there made it all the more accessible for him.
Miscellaneous
Kammula's primary inspiration came from the Indian middle class. He was of the thought that this section of people were wrongly represented in films. He wanted to represent them appropriately and this was achieved with Anand.
Kammula sat with Veturi for writing songs for the film. Kammula said that he could see thousands of expressions expressed as a couple of words in lyrics. Eventually, they ended up with six beautiful songs penned by Veturi. For Anand, Veturi took a month to come up with the lyrics as against his usual penchant of coming up with lyrics spontaneously.
Being a Bengali, there was a need for someone to dub Kamalinee Mukherjee's voice for the film. This was provided by a well-known singer and television host, Sunitha. The voice of Sunitha blended so well with the screen presence of Kamalinee that she went on to win an award for it.
With most of the cast not well-versed in speaking Telugu, Kammula faced challenges in their dialogue delivery. It just happened that most of the cast couldn't speak Telugu. The crew had to face a slight loss of the performance owing to this fact. To overcome this handicap, the dialogues were altered slightly to improve the actors' diction.
Release
Critical acclaim and reviews
Anand had a relatively low-profile release unlike the huge banner releases of the Telugu film industry. It was made with a modest budget of less than 1 crore. Kammula wasn't sure of the outcome of the film and said "I knew that it would either be a huge hit or a huge flop". It evoked a decent response from the critics. Idlebrain.com gave the film a 3.75/5. The website review goes on to recommend this film to the film-going audiences. On the other hand, IndiaGlitz said that the film was "good, but could have been better". It also figured among the top five grossers in the Telugu film industry for the year 2004. The success of the films in India being measured in the number of days the film has been screened in the theatres, Anand completed 100 days of screening on 28 January 2005. Another website says that the film was realistic in its depiction and goes on to given instances in the film that do happen (unlike some of the fictitious and dreamy Indian films).
Home media
DVD
The DVD Release is a Special Edition 2 disc pack Released by KAD Entertainment.
Disc 1 contains the theatrical version of the film primarily with subtitles in English, both in Dolby Digital 5.1 and DTS. As an add-on, it also contains the Director's Cut, 35 minutes worth of deleted scenes.
Disc 2 contains a trivia game about the film, the saga of the film, that is, from the film Dollar Dreams where it all began to conceiving Anand, raising of finances for the film, selection of the cast and location, dubbing, choice of the music director, lyricist, cinematographer and choreographer. It also has a brief informational biography about the director, actors, about the choice of the caption, the encountered pre-release blues, the day of release, the best scene from the film, favourite song, memorable moments during the film, the post release scenario and the Director's Cut. It also contains the 100 days celebrations of the film with Dr. Dasari Narayana Rao's congratulatory speech. The film trailers are also included in this disc.
This film possibly is the first Telugu film to be released in a 2-Disc Special Edition DVD that also features the director's cut version of the film. KAD also won the best DVD award for this special edition.
Soundtrack
The film has six songs composed by K.M. Radha Krishnan, and according to one repository of Indian songs, "all the songs but for one assume classical and Carnatic music in it.". All songs were written by Veturi.
Awards
Nandi Awards - 2004
Second Best Feature Film - Silver – Sekhar Kammula
Best Director – Sekhar Kammula
Best Actress – Kamalinee Mukherjee
Best Supporting Actress – Satya Krishnan
Best Child Artiste – Bakhita
Best Female Dubbing Artist – Sunitha Upadrashta
Filmfare Awards South
Notes
References
External links
Anand – Amigos Creations
2004 films
2000s Telugu-language films
Films scored by K. M. Radha Krishnan
2000s romantic musical films
2004 romantic drama films
Indian romantic musical films
Indian romantic drama films
Telugu films remade in other languages
Films directed by Sekhar Kammula |
Hameed Pur Kalan is a village in Kamoki, Gujranwala.
Villages in Gujranwala District |
The following is a list of National Pro Fastpitch players who have been selected for the All-NPF Team at least once in their careers. Each year's All-NPF Team recognizes players for excellence on the field during the season. Since 2006, the All-NPF Team has been selected by the league and announced during the awards banquet after the end of the regular season. In 2019, a player is named at each fielding position, four pitchers, a designated player, and five 'At-Large' selections. (Multiple players are selected if there is a tie in voting.)
From 2003–2005, NPF players were named to an All-Star teams and played All-Star games, in various formats.
The list below includes selections to those All-Star teams for 2003–2005. In 2008 "Team NPF" played exhibition games against the 2008 United States women's national softball team
These "Team NPF" selections are NOT included below; 2008 includes only those named to the 2008 All-NPF Team.
As of the conclusion of 2019, Kelly Kretschman holds the record for most times named to the All-NPF Team (9). Monica Abbott holds the record for most consecutive times named All-NPF (8 times).
Notes and references
External links
See also
List of professional sports leagues
List of professional sports teams in the United States and Canada
National Pro Fastpitch
Softball in the United States |
David Neil Kidney (born 21 March 1955) is a British Labour Party politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Stafford from 1997 to 2010.
Early life
Kidney attended Pinewood Primary School in Meir (now the new Crescent Primary School), Longton High School then the City of Stoke-on-Trent Sixth Form College. He studied law at the University of Bristol, receiving an LLB. Kidney was a solicitor from 1977 to 1979 in Hanley then in Stafford from 1979 to 1997, and a Stafford Borough councillor from 1987 to 1997. He was a parish councillor of Checkley from 1983 to 1987.
Political career
Having fought the seat unsuccessfully in 1992, Kidney was Member of Parliament for Stafford from 1997, when he defeated Conservative candidate David Cameron, to 2010, when he lost to the Conservative candidate Jeremy Lefroy by 5,460 votes in a 7.4% swing.
He served on the Modernisation Committee from 2001 to 2005 and was a member of the Treasury Select Committee from 1997 to 2001. He was a ministerial aide in the Environment team (for which no additional remuneration is given), but resigned in 2003 when he voted against the Iraq War. He became PPS to Elliot Morley Minister of State, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs in November 2005, and in 2006 he became the PPS to the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, David Miliband. Following this, Kidney was PPS to Rosie Winterton, then Minister of State for Work and Pensions. He also served as Chair and an officer of several All-Party Groups, including Environment and Conservation & Wildlife. He recently agreed to chair a new All-Party Group formed to highlight the role of science and technology in British agriculture. Kidney also chaired the Associate Parliamentary Group for Looked after Children & Care Leavers and the "Fair Funding F40" group of the 40 lowest funded schools areas in England, campaigning for fairer funding for local schools. In the June 2009 reshuffle Kidney entered the Government as a minister for the first time, becoming Parliamentary Under Secretary of State in the Department for Energy and Climate Change, replacing Joan Ruddock.
Later career
After losing his seat Kidney was employed as head of policy at the Chartered Institute of Environmental Health. He then became Chief Executive of the UK Public Health Register.
Personal life
He has two children, Robert and Katy, and is divorced from Elaine. Kidney but has since remarried. He supports the football team Port Vale.
References
External links
David Kidney official site
Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle: David Kidney MP
TheyWorkForYou.com – David Kidney MP
BBC Politics page
News items
Caught in a forest fire in Greece in 2006
Campaigning about prejudice against breastfeeding in 2005
Questioning closure of RAF Stafford in 2004
Resigning from the government in 2003
Alumni of the University of Bristol
Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
People from Longton, Staffordshire
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
1955 births
Living people
Councillors in Staffordshire
School governors
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Stafford |
The 1928 Campeonato Paulista was the 27th season of São Paulo's top association football league. Two championships were disputed that season, each by a different league (APEA and LAF).
APEA Championship
In the edition organized by the APEA (Associação Paulista de Esportes Atléticos), Corinthians won the title for the 6th time. no teams were relegated and the top scorer was Heitor with 16 goals.
System
The championship was disputed in a double round-robin system, with the team with the most points winning the title.
Championship
LAF Championship
In the edition organized by the LAF (Liga dos Amadores de Futebol), SC Internacional won the title for the 2nd time. no teams were relegated and the top scorer was Friedenreich with 29 goals.
System
The championship was disputed in a double round-robin system, with the team with the most points winning the title.
Championship
References
Campeonato Paulista seasons
Paulista |
```smalltalk
/****************************************************************************
*
* path_to_url
* path_to_url
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
****************************************************************************/
using System;
namespace QFramework
{
public interface IMsg
{
/// <summary>
/// EventID
/// </summary>
int EventID { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Processed or not
/// </summary>
bool Processed { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// reusable or not
/// </summary>
bool ReuseAble { get; set; }
int ManagerID { get; }
void Recycle2Cache();
}
/// <summary>
/// msgbody
/// </summary>
public class QMsg : IMsg, IPoolable, IPoolType
{
/// <summary>
/// EventID
/// TODO: raname 2 Id
/// </summary>
public virtual int EventID { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Processed or not
/// </summary>
public bool Processed { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// reusable or not
/// </summary>
public bool ReuseAble { get; set; }
public int ManagerID
{
get { return EventID / QMsgSpan.Count * QMsgSpan.Count; }
}
public QMsg()
{
}
#region Object Pool
public static QMsg Allocate<T>(T eventId) where T : IConvertible
{
QMsg msg = SafeObjectPool<QMsg>.Instance.Allocate();
msg.EventID = eventId.ToInt32(null);
msg.ReuseAble = true;
return msg;
}
public virtual void Recycle2Cache()
{
SafeObjectPool<QMsg>.Instance.Recycle(this);
}
void IPoolable.OnRecycled()
{
Processed = false;
}
bool IPoolable.IsRecycled { get; set; }
#endregion
#region deprecated since v0.0.5
//[Obsolete("deprecated,use allocate instead")]
public QMsg(int eventID)
{
EventID = eventID;
}
#endregion
}
}
``` |
Roy Carter is an English oboist, and musician.
Early career
Carter began playing the oboe at the age of 10. He won scholarships to study with Margaret Eliot at the Royal Academy of Music (at 12) and later under Terence MacDonagh at the Royal College of Music (at 16), where he won the Joy Boughton Memorial Prize in only his second year of study.
Musical career
His orchestral career began with the Philharmonia Orchestra as Co-Principal Oboe and then the English National Opera Orchestra as Principal Oboe. He joined the London Symphony Orchestra as Co-Principal Oboe in 1986 and was appointed to Principal Oboe in 1988, staying for almost twenty years before deciding to move to the Northern Sinfonia as Principal Oboe in late 2005. He moved to Trinidad and Tobago in 2009 as principal oboist, professor of oboe, and overseer of performance excellence at the University of Trinidad and Tobago and the related orchestra.
Roy featured in the performance of Beethoven's 9th Symphony featuring musicians from around the world, which took place under Leonard Bernstein on 25 December 1989, to commemorate the Berlin Wall. He and Bernstein maintained an amicable relationship until Bernstein's death in 1990. Roy was also a member of the Deutz Trio, alongside Paul Edmund-Davies (flute) and John Alley (piano), with whom he recorded four CDs. He performed both the Strauss (twice) and Mozart oboe concertos with the LSO, along with the Takemitsu concerto for Oboe d'amore and guitar with Julien Bream and the LSO. Carter performed chamber music with the Northern Sinfonia during his four-year stay with them. He also went on a concerto tour with the Queensland Philharmonic, and world premièred and recorded the Dominic Muldowney oboe concerto, which was commissioned for him, in 1994. It was released on CD the same year by NMC and was re-released with other classical recordings in 1997 in "NMC Selection 1" The recording of this concerto has recently been re-released.
Education career
Carter taught at the Guildhall School of Music between 1990 and 1995, and has also taught and coached at the Royal Academy of Music and the Royal College of Music, where he was recorded for the televised 'Great Musicians of the World' series. He has also given master-classes in Italy and coached the National Youth Orchestra of Great Britain, and was on the panel for the LSO Shell Scholarship for eighteen years. He is currently Professor of Oboe in the Talent Music Master Courses programme in Brescia, Italy.
In popular music and film
Carter has also played the music to numerous popular recordings and films, Including Star Wars Episodes I, II, III, and V, Harry Potter & The Chamber of Secrets, Braveheart, Nanny McPhee, and Michael Flatley's Lord of the Dance.
He plays a Howarth XL Oboe.
References
Living people
English classical oboists
Male oboists
British music educators
Alumni of the Royal College of Music
Alumni of the Royal Academy of Music
London Symphony Orchestra players
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Capital punishment is legal in Tonga, but has not been imposed since 1982. The country's lack of executions puts it into the category of abolitionist in practice, where it retains the death penalty in law but has had a formal or informal moratorium for at least ten years. Tonga's low rate of murder convictions form part of the reason for the lack of executions, as well as its courts’ apparent unwillingness to impose the penalty unless it appears absolutely necessary to do so.
Legislation and case law
In Tonga, the governing legislation regarding the death penalty is the Criminal Offences Act. This Act includes death in its list of punishments for criminal behaviour. Capital punishment may be imposed for the crimes of murder and treason. It may not be imposed on a pregnant woman. The ban on imposing the death penalty on a pregnant woman was added to the Criminal Offences Act via an amendment in 1939. If a woman convicted of murder or treason alleges that she is pregnant, the question is put to a jury as to whether they are satisfied she is indeed pregnant. The jury who decides this will, as a general rule, be the same jury who convicted her. A person under 15 years old cannot receive the death penalty for murder. However, due to the wording of the Act, it is unclear whether a person under this age may receive death as punishment for treason.
In order for the death penalty to be imposed, the King must assent. He must do so with the consent of the Privy Council of Tonga. The method of execution used is death by hanging. After the execution of the offender, a medical officer must supply a certificate of death. The requirement for a certificate of death was inserted by way of an amendment in 1958. The jury who convicted the offender, alongside a magistrate for the district in which the death sentence was executed, must hold an “inquest” into the body of the offender. The jury is to ascertain the identity of the deceased (that is, he or she is the offender they convicted). The jury must also ensure that the “sentence of death was duly executed on the offender,” meaning that in addition to a medical certificate, the jury must ascertain that the offender is dead. Those who have received the death sentence have their place of burial decided by the Tongan Privy Council – a place is chosen, and every offender executed will be buried in this place. The Tongan Privy Council is also able to make “regulations” regarding executions, for the purposes of “guarding against any abuse in the execution,” “for giving greater solemnity thereto,” and to publicise outside of the prison that an execution is taking place.
History
A mass execution was carried out in 1887 on the orders of King George Tupou I, when six men convicted of treason for attempting to assassinate premier Shirley Waldemar Baker were executed by firing squad on the small islet of Malinoa off of Nukuʻalofa.
The most recent executions in Tonga took place in 1982, when Haloti Sole, Livingi Sole and Fili Esau were hanged for murder. In the same year, the Tongan Parliament discussed abolishing the death penalty, but decided to retain it.
In 2004, the Tongan Legislative Assembly voted on a bill which proposed to introduce the death penalty for possession of illicit drugs. This bill was defeated by the Assembly by a vote of 10–7, indicating that the death penalty, if Tonga continues to retain it, will not spread to become an applicable sentence for other crimes. It is an indication that Tonga wishes to reserve the death penalty for the very serious crimes of murder and treason.
The issue of capital punishment was raised in 2005, when Tevita Siale Vola became the first person in Tonga to be convicted of murder in 24 years. However, Webster CJ did not impose the death penalty, on the basis that Vola's actions did not meet the threshold of "one of the rarest of rare cases where the alternative option of life imprisonment is unquestionably foreclosed." Webster CJ did not make any moral judgment on the death penalty, explaining that it was "a matter for the Government and Parliament" to decide whether the death penalty should be retained in Tonga. The judgment in R v Vola serves as an indicator that Tonga does not impose the death penalty lightly.
International actions and other states' responses
General
The United Nations presented a moratorium on the death penalty in 2007. Tonga voted against this, and continued to do so in 2008, 2010, and 2012. However, more recently - in 2014 and 2016 - Tonga abstained from voting on this issue.
In the aftermath of the 2006 Nuku‘alofa riots, where several men were suspected of murder, it appeared that these men may never face trial. The Australian government, which formed part of the investigative team for the riots, refused to hand over the autopsy reports of victims for fear of the death penalty being imposed on the suspects.
Universal Periodic Review
2008 Cycle
In the course of its first Universal Periodic Review cycle in 2008, Tonga received a recommendation from Italy to abolish the death penalty. Tonga responded with a reminder that it had not imposed such a penalty since 1982, and that it welcomed “further opportunities for discussion and debate on this issue.” However, following this cycle, Tonga made no efforts towards abolition of the death penalty. Given that Tonga has ratified few international human rights treaties, it has few international obligations regarding the death penalty.
2012 Cycle
The 2012 cycle brought similar recommendations, this time from a number of States. These included recommendations from Australia, Spain, and the United Kingdom to ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which is aimed at the abolition of the death penalty. Tonga is neither a signatory to, nor has it ratified, the ICCPR. As such, Australia and the United Kingdom's recommendations included a suggestion to ratify this Covenant as well. In its response, Tonga said that it had not considered ratifying the ICCPR. However, it referred to R v Vola as authority that the Tongan Courts are applying principles of the ICCPR despite its non-ratification status.
During the 2012 UPR cycle, Italy and Slovakia each made separate recommendations regarding the imposition of the death penalty on people under 18. Italy suggested that Tonga “explicitly prohibit” this, with Slovakia recommending the “immediate” abolition of the death penalty for juvenile offenders. Italy specifically mentioned that this would be in accordance with the Convention on the Rights of the Child and a contemporary resolution of the General Assembly of the United Nations. Tonga has ratified the CRC, which prohibits capital punishment for people aged under 18, regardless of the offence committed.
Tonga's response during this cycle brought to light its determination to retain the death penalty. Despite being an abolitionist in practice, Tonga is essentially a retentionist state as it refuses to abolish capital punishment.
Compared to other countries
Tonga joins 140 other countries which are abolitionist in law or practice. It is the only country in Oceania to retain capital punishment.
References
Tonga
Law of Tonga
Death in Tonga
Human rights in Tonga |
FEIS or Feis may refer to:
Feis, a traditional Gaelic arts and culture festival
Fellow of the Educational Institute of Scotland
Herbert Feis (1893–1972), American historian
Feis (rapper) (1986–2019), Dutch rapper
See also
FEI (disambiguation) |
Milton "Shorty" Rogers (born Milton Rajonsky; April 14, 1924 – November 7, 1994) was an American jazz musician, one of the principal creators of West Coast jazz. He played trumpet and flugelhorn and was in demand for his skills as an arranger.
Biography
Rogers was born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, United States. He worked first as a professional musician with Will Bradley and Red Norvo. From 1947 to 1949, he worked extensively with Woody Herman and in 1950 and 1951 he played with Stan Kenton.
On June 7, 1953, Rogers and his orchestra, including Johnny "Guitar" Watson, performed for the famed ninth Cavalcade of Jazz concert at Wrigley Field in Los Angeles, produced by Leon Hefflin, Sr. Also featured that day were Roy Brown and his Orchestra, Don Tosti and His Mexican Jazzmen, Earl Bostic, Nat "King" Cole, and Louis Armstrong and his All Stars with Velma Middleton.
From 1953 through 1962, Rogers recorded a series of albums for RCA Victor (later reissued on RCA's Bluebird label) including Shorty Courts the Count (Shorty Rogers and His Orchestra, 1954), as well as a series of albums for Atlantic Records with his own group, Shorty Rogers and His Giants, including The Swinging Mr. Rogers (1955), and Martians Come Back (1955), the album title alluding to the tune "Martians Go Home" which Rogers had composed and performed on The Swinging Mr. Rogers earlier the same year. These albums incorporated some of his more avant-garde music. To some extent they could be classified as "cool" jazz; but they also looked back to the "hot" style of Count Basie, whom Rogers always credited as a major inspiration. In 1957, Rogers composed the music for the Friz Freleng cartoon Three Little Bops, notably the first Warner Bros. cartoon short not to have music by either Carl Stalling or Milt Franklyn, and scored the music for the MGM film Tarzan, the Ape Man two years later. His other film work included the scores to Fools (1970), The Teacher (1974), The Specialist (1975), Dr. Minx (1975) and The Return of the Mod Squad (1979).
Rogers died of melanoma on November 7, 1994 in Van Nuys, California, at the age of 70.
Discography
As leader
Modern Sounds (Capitol, 1951 [1955])
Popo (Xanadu, 1951 [1980])
Shorty Rogers and His Giants (RCA Victor, 1953)
Cool and Crazy (RCA Victor, 1953)
The Wild One [4-song 45rpm 7" vinyl EP] (RCA Victor EPA-535, 1953)
Shorty Rogers Courts the Count (RCA Victor, 1954)
Bud Shank – Shorty Rogers – Bill Perkins (Pacific Jazz, 1955)
Collaboration (RCA Victor, 1955)
The Swinging Mr. Rogers (Atlantic, 1955)
Martians Stay Home (Atlantic, 1955 [1980])
Martians Come Back! (Atlantic, 1955)
Way Up There (Atlantic, 1955 [1957])
Clickin' with Clax (Atlantic, 1956 [1978])
Wherever the Five Winds Blow (RCA Victor, 1956)
The Big Shorty Rogers Express (RCA Victor, 1956) - reissue of Cool And Crazy with 4 tracks added on
Shorty Rogers Plays Richard Rodgers (RCA Victor, 1957)
Portrait of Shorty (RCA Victor, 1957)
Gigi in Jazz (RCA Victor, 1958)
Afro-Cuban Influence (RCA Victor, 1958)
Chances Are It Swings (RCA Victor, 1958)
The Wizard of Oz and Other Harold Arlen Songs (RCA Victor, 1959)
Shorty Rogers Meets Tarzan (MGM, 1960)
The Swingin' Nutcracker (RCA Victor, 1960)
An Invisible Orchard (RCA Victor, 1961 [1997])
The Fourth Dimension in Sound (Warner Bros., 1962)
Bossa Nova (Reprise, 1962)
Jazz Waltz (Reprise, 1962)
Mavis Meets Shorty (Reprise, 1962)
Gospel Mission (Capitol, 1963)
Re-Entry (Atlas, 1983)
Yesterday, Today and Forever (Concord Jazz, 1983)
Back Again (Choice, 1984)
California Concert (Contemporary, 1985)
America the Beautiful (Candid, 1991)
Eight Brothers (Candid, 1992)
As sideman
With Elmer Bernstein
The Man with the Golden Arm (Decca, 1956)
With Teddy Charles
Collaboration West (Prestige, 1953)
Evolution (Prestige, 1957)
With Jimmy Giuffre
Jimmy Giuffre (Capitol, 1955)
The Jimmy Giuffre Clarinet (Atlantic, 1956)
With Stan Kenton
Innovations in Modern Music (Capitol, 1950)
Stan Kenton Presents (Capitol, 1950)
Popular Favorites by Stan Kenton (Capitol, 1953)
The Kenton Era (Capitol, 1940–1954 [1955])
The Innovations Orchestra (Capitol, 1950–1951 [1997])
With Eartha Kitt
St. Louis Blues (RCA Victor, 1958)
With Perez Prado
Voodoo Suite (RCA Victor, 1955)
With Pete Rugolo
Introducing Pete Rugolo (Columbia, 1954)
Adventures in Rhythm (Columbia, 1954)
Rugolomania (Columbia, 1955)
New Sounds by Pete Rugolo (Harmony, 1954–1955 [1957])
As arranger
With Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass
Christmas Album (A&M, 1968)
Warm (A&M, 1969)
With Ernie Andrews
Soul Proprietor (Dot, 1968)
With Chet Baker
Chet Baker & Strings (Columbia, 1954)
With Elmer Bernstein
Baby the Rain Must Fall (Mainstream, 1965)
With Les Brown and His Band of Renown
The Young Beat (Capitol, 1963)
With Bobby Bryant
The Jazz Excursion Into "Hair" (Pacific Jazz, 1969)
With Bobby Darin
You're the Reason I'm Living (Capitol, 1963)
Bobby Darin Sings The Shadow of Your Smile (Atlantic, 1966)
With Frances Faye
You Gotta Go! Go! Go! (Regina, 1964)
With Bobbie Gentry
Ode to Billie Joe (Capitol, 1967)
Local Gentry (Capitol, 1968)
The Delta Sweete (Capitol, 1968)
With Terry Gibbs
Reza (Dot, 1966)
With Jerry Goldsmith
Stagecoach (Mainstream, 1966)
With Vince Guaraldi
Alma-Ville (Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, 1969)
With Lena Horne
Lena Like Latin (CRC Charter, 1963)
With Helen Humes
Midsummer Night's Songs (RCA, 1974) with Red Norvo and His Orchestra
With Dean Jones
Introducing Dean Jones (Valiant, 1963)
with Frankie Laine
You Gave Me a Mountain (ABC, 1969)
With Peggy Lee
In Love Again! (Capitol, 1964)
Pass Me By (Capitol, 1965)
With Harvey Mandel
Righteous (Philips, 1969)
Baby Batter (Janus, 1971)
With Shelly Manne
The West Coast Sound (Contemporary, 1955)
My Son the Jazz Drummer! (Contemporary, 1962)
With Carmen McRae
The Sound of Silence (Atlantic, 1968)
Portrait of Carmen (Atlantic, 1968)
With The Monkees
"Daydream Believer"/"Goin' Down" (Colgems, 1967)
"D. W. Washburn"/"It's Nice to Be with You" (Colgems, 1968)
The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees (Colgems, 1968)
The Monkees Present (Colgems, 1969)
With Michael Nesmith
The Wichita Train Whistle Sings (Dot, 1968)
With Jack Nitzsche
Heart Beat (Soundtrack) (Capitol, 1980)
With Buddy Rich
Big Swing Face, Pacific Jazz, 1967)
Buddy & Soul (World Pacific, 1969)
With Bud Shank
A Spoonful of Jazz (World Pacific, 1967)
With Mel Tormé
Comin' Home Baby! (Atlantic, 1962)
See also
List of jazz arrangers
References
External links
Shorty Rogers biography
Alphabet Conspiracy - Shorty makes a brief appearance in this 1959 educational film.
1924 births
1994 deaths
20th-century American Jews
20th-century American male musicians
20th-century American musicians
20th-century trumpeters
American jazz trumpeters
American male jazz musicians
American male trumpeters
American music arrangers
Atlantic Records artists
Big band bandleaders
Burials at Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery
Cool jazz trumpeters
Deaths from cancer in California
Deaths from melanoma
Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School alumni
Fresh Sounds Records artists
Jazz musicians from Massachusetts
Jazz musicians from New York (state)
Jewish American musicians
Jewish jazz musicians
People from Great Barrington, Massachusetts
RCA Victor artists
Reprise Records artists
Warner Records artists |
Katie Crown is a Canadian voice actress. She is known for voicing Izzy in Total Drama, Fin in Stoked, Mary Wendle and Melanie Baker in Clarence, Tulip in Storks and Ivy in Amphibia.
In 2013, automotive financing company DriveTime hired Crown, along with Nicole Randall Johnson, for an advertising campaign called DriveTime Girls. The actresses portrayed an eccentric duo of mobile credit approval agents who dealt with "rescuing" potential car buyers rejected for financing by other automotive dealers. The campaign ran from late 2013 throughout 2014.
Filmography
Animation
Live action
References
External links
21st-century American women
Actresses from Los Angeles
Actresses from Ontario
Canadian expatriate actresses in the United States
Canadian voice actresses
Canadian women comedians
Living people
People from Oakville, Ontario
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Mariangela is a given name. It may refer to:
Mariangela Argentino (born 1984), Italian singer
Mariangela Demurtas (born 1981), Italian singer in the gothic metal band Tristania
Mariangela Melato (born 1941), Italian actress
Mariangela Wallimann-Bornatico (born 1948), Swiss jurist
See also
55112 Mariangela (2001 QQ153), a Main-belt Asteroid discovered in 2001 |
```objective-c
/**
* Authors:
* - Paul Asmuth <paul@eventql.io>
* - Laura Schlimmer <laura@eventql.io>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
* or any later version.
*
* In accordance with Section 7(e) of the license, the licensing of the Program
* under the license does not imply a trademark license. Therefore any rights,
* title and interest in our trademarks remain entirely with us.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the license for more details.
*
* You can be released from the requirements of the license by purchasing a
* commercial license. Buying such a license is mandatory as soon as you develop
* commercial activities involving this program without disclosing the source
* code of your own applications
*/
#pragma once
#include <eventql/util/stdtypes.h>
#include <eventql/util/return_code.h>
#include <eventql/sql/qtree/ValueExpressionNode.h>
#include <eventql/sql/qtree/qtree_coder.h>
#include "eventql/eventql.h"
namespace csql {
class IfExpressionNode : public ValueExpressionNode {
public:
static ReturnCode newNode(
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> conditional_expr,
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> true_branch_expr,
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> false_branch_expr,
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode>* node);
Vector<RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode>> arguments() const override;
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> conditional() const;
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> trueBranch() const;
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> falseBranch() const;
RefPtr<QueryTreeNode> deepCopy() const override;
String toSQL() const override;
SType getReturnType() const override;
static void encode(
QueryTreeCoder* coder,
const IfExpressionNode& node,
OutputStream* os);
static RefPtr<QueryTreeNode> decode (
QueryTreeCoder* coder,
InputStream* is);
protected:
IfExpressionNode(
SType return_type,
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> conditional_expr,
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> true_branch_expr,
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> false_branch_expr);
SType return_type_;
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> conditional_expr_;
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> true_branch_expr_;
RefPtr<ValueExpressionNode> false_branch_expr_;
};
} // namespace csql
``` |
Čusto Brdo is a village in the municipality of Žepče, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Demographics
According to the 2013 census, its population was 296.
References
Populated places in Žepče |
Mats Wilander defeated his compatriot Joakim Nyström 7–6, 6–4, 0–6, 6–2 and won his third consecutive title at Barcelona.
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Bottom half
Section 3
Section 4
References
External links
Official results archive (ATP)
Official results archive (ITF)
1984 Grand Prix (tennis) |
```c++
//
//
// See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// path_to_url
#include <boost/mp11/utility.hpp>
#include <boost/core/lightweight_test_trait.hpp>
#include <type_traits>
using boost::mp11::mp_invoke;
template<class...> struct X {};
template<template<class...> class F, class... T> using Y = X<F<T>...>;
template<class Q, class... T> using Z = X<mp_invoke<Q, T>...>;
template<class T, class U> struct P {};
template<class T, class U> using first = T;
int main()
{
using boost::mp11::mp_identity_t;
using boost::mp11::mp_quote;
{
using Q = mp_quote<mp_identity_t>;
BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_same<mp_invoke<Q, void>, void>));
BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_same<mp_invoke<Q, int[]>, int[]>));
}
{
using Q = mp_quote<mp_identity_t>;
#if defined( BOOST_MSVC ) && BOOST_WORKAROUND( BOOST_MSVC, <= 1800 )
#else
using R1 = Y<Q::fn, void, char, int>;
BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_same<R1, X<void, char, int>>));
#endif
#if defined( BOOST_MSVC ) && BOOST_WORKAROUND( BOOST_MSVC, < 1920 && BOOST_MSVC >= 1900 )
#else
using R2 = Z<Q, void, char, int>;
BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_same<R2, X<void, char, int>>));
#endif
}
{
using Q = mp_quote<P>;
BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_same<mp_invoke<Q, void, void>, P<void, void>>));
BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_same<mp_invoke<Q, char[], int[]>, P<char[], int[]>>));
}
{
using Q = mp_quote<first>;
BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_same<mp_invoke<Q, void, int>, void>));
BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_same<mp_invoke<Q, char[], int[]>, char[]>));
}
return boost::report_errors();
}
``` |
USS Bismarck Sea (CVE-95) was the fortieth of fifty s built to serve the United States Navy during World War II; she was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for the Battle of the Bismarck Sea. Completed in May 1944, she served in support of the Philippines campaign, and the landings on Iwo Jima. On 21 February 1945, she sank off of Iwo Jima due to two Japanese kamikaze attacks, killing 318 crewmen. Notably, she was the last aircraft carrier in U.S. service to sink due to enemy action.
Design and description
Bismarck Sea was a Casablanca-class escort carrier, the most numerous type of aircraft carriers ever built, and designed specifically to be mass-produced using prefabricated sections, in order to replace heavy early war losses. Standardized with her sister ships, she was long overall, had a beam of , and a draft of . She displaced standard, with a full load. She had a long hangar deck, a long flight deck. She was powered with two Uniflow reciprocating steam engines, which provided a force of , driving two shafts, enabling her to make . The ship had a cruising range of , assuming that she traveled at a constant speed of . Her compact size necessitated the installment of an aircraft catapult at her bow end, and there were two aircraft elevators to facilitate movement of aircraft between the flight and hangar deck: one on the fore, another on the aft.
One /38 caliber dual purpose gun was mounted on the stern, and she was equipped with 16 Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft guns in twin mounts, as well as 12 Oerlikon 20 mm cannons, which were used in an anti-aircraft capability. By the end of the war, Casablanca-class carriers had been modified to carry 30 20 mm cannons, as a response to increasing casualties due to kamikaze attacks. Anti-aircraft guns were mounted around the perimeter of the deck. Casablanca-class escort carriers were designed to carry 27 aircraft, but she sometimes went over or under this number. For example, during the Philippines campaign, she carried 16 Wildcat FM-2 fighters and 12 Avenger TBM-3 torpedo bombers, for a total of 28 aircraft. During the Iwo Jima campaign, she carried 19 FM-2 fighters, and 12 TBM-3 torpedo bombers, for a total of 31 aircraft. She was designed to accommodate 764 crew, but in wartime, her complement inevitably crept over that number. A reasonable estimate puts the number of crew typically on board a Casablanca-class escort carrier at around 910 to 916 men.
Construction and service history
Her construction was awarded to Kaiser Shipbuilding Company, Vancouver, Washington under a Maritime Commission contract, on 18 June 1942, under the name Alikula Bay, as part of a tradition which named escort carriers after bays or sounds in Alaska. She was laid down on 31 January 1944, and was assigned the designation MC hull 1132. She was launched on 17 April 1944; sponsored by Mrs. Mabel C. Wallgren, wife of Senator Monrad Wallgren, under the name Alikula Bay. She was renamed Bismarck Sea on 16 May 1944, as part of a new naval policy which named subsequent Casablanca-class carriers after naval or land engagements, and she was transferred to the United States Navy and commissioned on 20 May, with Captain John L. Pratt in command.
After being commissioned, Bismarck Sea engaged in training exercises off the West Coast throughout June. On 1 July, she left San Pedro ferrying aircraft and pilots to Pearl Harbor. After unloading her aircraft, she loaded more aircraft and ferried them to the Marshall Islands, arriving at Majuro Atoll on 16 July. She then proceeded back to Pearl Harbor, carrying damaged aircraft, arriving on 29 July, along with her sister ship . Throughout August, she was stationed at San Diego for a four-week overhaul, where she received her combat air contingent, Composite Squadron (VC) 86. Between 7 September, and 16 October, she engaged in additional training exercises. She then steamed to Ulithi, Caroline Islands, to join Admiral Thomas C. Kinkaid's 7th Fleet on 1 November. Between 14 and 23 November, she operated off Leyte and Mindanao in support of operations onboard Leyte. On 21 November, a Japanese aircraft made a strafing run along the carrier, but without inflicting any damage, and escaped to the northwest before it could be engaged.
On 27 November, she arrived at Seeadler Harbor, New Guinea, to join Task Group 77.4, commanded by Rear Admiral Calvin T. Durgin. Throughout December, she conducted additional flight training and gunnery exercises. On 27 December, she left for Palau, to support the invasion of Luzon. On 5 January 1945, her task group sighted the Japanese destroyers and . engaged in a brief and inconclusive firefight with the destroyers, before disengaging to provide a screen.
Twenty-four fighters and sixteen torpedo bombers were sent against the destroyers, which Bismarck Sea supplemented the strike group with four Avengers and the same amount of Wildcats. The aerial strike force inflicted serious damage on both of the destroyers, sinking Momi. Hinoki, albeit damaged, was able to escape into Manila harbor, but she was subsequently sunk on 7 January by aircraft from Task Force 78. However, that same day, the escort carrier was sunk by a kamikaze aircraft. The task group then participated in the Invasion of Lingayen Gulf and supported air operations over Luzon until 17 January, when the task group proceeded towards Ulithi in preparation for the invasion of Iwo Jima. She departed Ulithi on 10 February, reorganized into Task Unit 52.2, still under the command of Durgin, and consisting of ten escort carriers and their destroyer screens, along with two escort carriers loosely tied into the task group on anti-submarine duties. On 16 February, she arrived off Iwo Jima to support the landings. The task group's aircraft conducted anti-submarine patrols, anti-aircraft patrols, and supported the first wave of troops on 19 February. Close air support, almost all of it derived from carriers, played a major role throughout the invasion.
Sinking
On 16 February, Vice-Admiral Kimpei Teroaka authorized the formation of a kamikaze special attack unit to counter the imminent landings on Iwo Jima. The kamikaze force consisted of thirty-two aircraft in total, and on the early morning of 21 February, they departed from Katori Naval Air Base, in Asahi, Chiba. They refueled at Hachijō-jima, and proceeded towards the U.S. naval contingent surrounding Iwo Jima, arriving near sunset.
When the kamikazes arrived, Bismarck Sea was performing routine close air support with the rest of Task Group 52.2. At the time, the escort carrier task group, having split in two, consisted of Bismarck Sea, her sister ships , , Saginaw Bay, , and , along with a destroyer contingent. The task group was steaming approximately east of Iwo Jima. At 17:30, the aircraft on Bismarck Sea were scrambled to deal with incoming planes, which turned out to be friendly. After recovering her planes, she found it necessary to take on three planes from other carriers and, due to the lack of deck space, to shelter four of her fighters below-decks without emptying their fuel tanks, a decision which would later prove disastrous. This brought the number of aircraft aboard the carrier to thirty-seven aircraft: 19 FM-2 fighters, 15 TBM-3 torpedo bombers, 2 OY-1 reconnaissance aircraft, and a F6F Hellcat fighter. At 18:45, the task group spotted the Japanese planes headed for them, when a Mitsubishi G4M made a dive towards Lunga Point. Gunners from Bismarck Sea shot it down. At 18:46, five Nakajima B6Ns dove towards Lunga Point. All four of the kamikazes missed with their torpedoes, and none of them made successful contact with Lunga Point, albeit the third kamikaze's wreckage skidded across the carrier's deck, sparking a brief gasoline fire. Damage to Lunga Point was minimal, and eleven of her crew were wounded. There were no fatalities, and she was able to continue operating in support of troops on Iwo Jima.
The fifth plane, however, switched targets, and proceeded towards Bismarck Sea. At , it was spotted by, and engaged by gunners aboard Bismarck Sea. However, despite the heavy gunfire, which damaged the plane, it quickly approached Bismarck Sea from the starboard side at a low angle, which the anti-aircraft guns could not depress sufficiently to fire at. The plane plowed in under the first 40 mm gun (aft), crashing through the hangar deck and striking the ship's magazines. At the time of the crash, the aircraft elevator was in operation, and nearly up to the flight deck, when its cables were cut by the kamikaze, causing the platform to drop onto the hangar deck with a tremendous amount of force. The force of the explosion distributed munitions, including torpedoes, across the deck, and started a fire. The ship's steering was also rendered dysfunctional by the blast. The sprinkler system and the water curtains were inoperative, but the fire was nearly under control when about two minutes later, a second plane, likely attracted by the ship's glow against the darkness, approaching from the port side, struck the aft elevator shaft, exploding on impact, killing the majority of the fire-fighting party and destroying the fire fighting salt-water distribution system, thus preventing any further damage control. The second plane detonated amongst the four fighters which were sheltered belowdecks, and the fighters, with full gasoline tanks, quickly turned the fire into a conflagration, enveloping the entire aft side of the ship.
When munitions on board the ship began to detonate, and with no firefighting equipment operational, the situation quickly deteriorated. At 19:00, the crew assembled at their "abandon ship" locations, and the engines were cut. Captain John L. Pratt issued the order to abandon ship at 19:05. As the crew abandoned ship, a large explosion, likely from the detonation of the torpedoes within the hangar deck, rocked the ship. This explosion tore much of the aft-end of the ship to shreds, and she quickly acquired a list to the starboard. Twenty Wildcats and eleven Avengers went down with Bismarck Sea. The majority of the crew made it off the ship in the next 30 minutes. At 20:07, the ship's island detached from the hull and slid into the water. Two hours after the dual kamikaze attacks, at 21:15, Bismarck Sea sank with the loss of 318 men, and was the last US Navy aircraft carrier to be lost during World War II. Many casualties were inflicted once the crew abandoned ship, through hypothermia, choppy seas, and Japanese aircraft strafing the survivors. Three destroyers and three destroyer escorts rescued survivors over the next 12 hours, between them saving a total of 605 officers and men from her crew of 923. The destroyer escort directed the rescue operations of the remaining hands, in spite of darkness, heavy seas and continuing air attacks, rescuing a majority of the surviving crew. Thirty of Edmonds own crew went over the side to bring the wounded and exhausted carrier men to safety. Edmonds hauled up 378 men, the destroyer escort retrieved 136 men, and the destroyer recovered 39 survivors. Survivors were then transferred to the attack transports and .
The special attack unit which struck on 21 February, in addition to sinking Bismarck Sea, also heavily damaged , , and slightly damaged Lunga Point, , and . Bismarck Sea was the only ship to sink as a result of the attacks and was struck from the Navy List on 30 March; to date, she is the last US aircraft carrier lost due to enemy action. The kamikaze attacks killed 43 Japanese in total.
See also
List of U.S. Navy ship losses in World War II
References
Sources
Online Sources
Bibliography
External links
Casablanca-class escort carriers
World War II escort aircraft carriers of the United States
World War II shipwrecks in the Pacific Ocean
1944 ships
Ships sunk by kamikaze attack
Aircraft carriers sunk by aircraft
Maritime incidents in February 1945
S4-S2-BB3 ships
Naval magazine explosions |
```smalltalk
// ***********************************************************************
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
// a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
// permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
// the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
// included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
// NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
// LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
// OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
// ***********************************************************************
using System;
using NUnit.Framework.Api;
namespace NUnit.Framework.Internal.Filters
{
/// <summary>
/// NotFilter negates the operation of another filter
/// </summary>
[Serializable]
public class NotFilter : TestFilter
{
ITestFilter baseFilter;
bool topLevel = false;
/// <summary>
/// Construct a not filter on another filter
/// </summary>
/// <param name="baseFilter">The filter to be negated</param>
public NotFilter( ITestFilter baseFilter)
{
this.baseFilter = baseFilter;
}
/// <summary>
/// Indicates whether this is a top-level NotFilter,
/// requiring special handling of Explicit
/// </summary>
public bool TopLevel
{
get { return topLevel; }
set { topLevel = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the base filter
/// </summary>
public ITestFilter BaseFilter
{
get { return baseFilter; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Check whether the filter matches a test
/// </summary>
/// <param name="test">The test to be matched</param>
/// <returns>True if it matches, otherwise false</returns>
public override bool Match( ITest test )
{
if (topLevel && test.RunState == RunState.Explicit)
return false;
return !baseFilter.Pass( test );
}
/// <summary>
/// Determine whether any descendant of the test matches the filter criteria.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="test">The test to be matched</param>
/// <returns>True if at least one descendant matches the filter criteria</returns>
protected override bool MatchDescendant(ITest test)
{
if (!test.HasChildren || test.Tests == null || topLevel && test.RunState == RunState.Explicit)
return false;
foreach (ITest child in test.Tests)
{
if (Match(child) || MatchDescendant(child))
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
}
``` |
Exactly Like You is a 1999 musical with a score by composer Cy Coleman and a book by A. E. Hotchner.
The musical premiered at the Goodspeed Opera House's Norma Terris Theatre in Chester, Connecticut in May 1998. The musical was directed and choreographed by Patricia Birch and featured Barbara Walsh and Michael McGrath,
The musical was next produced Off-Broadway at the York Theatre at St. Peter's running from April 14, 1999 to May 9, 1999. The musical was directed and choreographed by Patricia Birch, the associate director and choreographer was Jonathan Cerullo with sets by James Morgan and costumes by Richard Schurkamp. The cast featured Lauren Ward as Arlene Murphy, Susan Mansur as Pricilla Vanerhosen and Michael McGrath as Martin Murphy.
References
1999 musicals
Musicals by Cy Coleman
American musicals |
Subsets and Splits
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