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un-25 is a gene in Neurospora crassa, encode a fungus ortholog of the human 60S ribosomal protein L13, is the structural constituent of ribosome.
See also
Un-24
References
Fungus genes |
Gaffar is a male Muslim given name of Arabic origin and may refer to:
Bumin Gaffar Çitanak (born 1934), Turkish film actor known as Fikret Hakan
Gaffar Ahmed, Fijian politician of Indian descent
Gaffar Okkan (1952-2001), assassinated Turkish police chief
See also
Abdul Ghaffar
Arabic-language masculine given names
Masculine given names |
"The Wanderer" is a song by Irish rock band U2, and the tenth and final track from their 1993 studio album, Zooropa. It is one of the few U2 songs without Bono on lead vocals, instead featuring country singer Johnny Cash. Based on the Old Testament's Book of Ecclesiastes and its narrator "The Preacher", the song lyrically describes the narrator wandering through a post-apocalyptic world "in search of experience", sampling all facets of human culture and hoping to find meaning in life. Cash's haggard voice is juxtaposed against a synthesised bassline and mostly electronic instrumentation.
Background
Cash recorded the vocals for the song in Dublin in February 1993 during the Zooropa sessions. The song underwent several provisional titles, including "The Preacher" and "Wandering". Producer Brian Eno tried to get Bono to sing the song, but Bono maintained it was Cash's voice he imagined singing the song. Bono and Cash had previously worked on a song called "Ellis Island".
Composition
The lyrics describe a man searching for God in a post-Apocalyptic world. He expresses concern over society's diminished view of Jesus Christ; "They say they want the Kingdom but they don't want God in it." There is little guitar from the Edge, and Adam Clayton's synthesised bassline is the prominent musical sound throughout the song. However, Larry Mullen's soft drumbeats can be heard. As previously noted, this is one of the few songs not to be sung by Bono, but he does provide a falsetto vocal towards the song's ending.
In an interview, Flood, one of the song's producers, singled out "The Wanderer" as one of Zooropas highlights; "For me, that's a great song and it translates emotionally brilliantly, yet there's a load of sonic experiments going on there. There's the idea of this person sort of wandering through this desolate landscape, but there's an air of nonchalance. Everything about the lyric, the delivery, the sound of his voice, the music -- it just seems fantastic. It delivers on all levels".
At the end of the song (on most versions of Zooropa), there are 30 seconds of silence (4:45–5:15). Following this, an alarm-sound fades in at 5:15. The alarm sound repeats, even once it has completely started (at about 5:20). The alarm sound finishes at 5:41. Apparently, this is the same sound some DJs hear after 10 seconds of dead air on the radio.
Live performances
Johnny Cash performed "The Wanderer" on at least one occasion at the Nevada County fairgrounds in Grass Valley, California, in August 1993. U2 played it in a television special entitled I Walk the Line: A Night for Johnny Cash, following Cash's death in 2003. Bono performed the song in a similar fashion to Cash's rendition, with The Edge adding dramatic falsetto background vocals that were not on the original recording. On 2 July 2011, U2 performed an extended snippet of the song, running for two verses, in Nashville, Tennessee as a part of their U2 360° Tour. Bono explained to the audience they chose to play the song in Nashville as a tribute to Cash and his wife June.
"The Wanderer" was used as the intermission song during U2's 2015 Innocence + Experience Tour.
An extended version of the song including an extra verse is included on the soundtrack to the film Faraway, So Close! The extended version is 5:16 in length. The song was included on the Johnny Cash compilations, The Essential Johnny Cash (Legacy/Columbia, 2002) and The Legend of Johnny Cash (American/Island, 2005) and The Legend.
Reception
According to William Richey and Kevin J.H. Dettmar, U2 "skillfully exploited the image of Johnny Cash in a... provocative way", clarifying that "they seemingly imbue their vision of a postapocalyptic wasteland with a deeper sense of poignance and sincerity because Cash's storied voice is associated in the public mind with a man whose very public struggles with drugs, alcohol, and love prove that he has 'walked the line'."
Other reviews of the song have been mixed. In Spin's 20th anniversary review of Zooropa, Rob Harvilla described "The Wanderer" as being "... monumentally incongruous and gets a little sassy about the separation of church and state." The A.V. Club's Annie Zaleski described it as "surprisingly shapeless, despite faint bass twang, sighing background vocals, and minimal drums."
ReferencesFootnotesBibliography'
U2 songs
Johnny Cash songs
1993 songs
Song recordings produced by Brian Eno
Songs written by Bono
Songs written by the Edge
Songs written by Adam Clayton
Songs written by Larry Mullen Jr.
Song recordings produced by Flood (producer) |
Stephanie Sinclair (born 1973) is an American photojournalist who focuses on gender and human-rights issues such as child marriage and self-immolation. Her work has been included in The New York Times, Time Magazine and National Geographic.
Life and work
Sinclair was born in 1973 in Miami, Florida, United States. She graduated from the University of Florida with a B.S. in journalism and an outside concentration in fine art photography.
After college, Sinclair began working for the Chicago Tribune, where she was part of the paper's 2001 Pulitzer-prize winning team in Explanatory Reporting. The Tribune sent her to cover the beginning of the war in Iraq. She later settled in Iraq and then in Beirut, Lebanon, covering the Middle East and South Asia for six years as a freelance photographer. Sinclair joined the VII Network upon its establishment in 2008, and became a full member of VII in 2009.
She first encountered child marriage in 2003 while working on a project about self-immolation in Afghanistan. "All the victims she met had been married very young, some only 9 years old, and to much older men." From 2003–2005 Sinclair photographed young Afghan women who had burned themselves. Most had been married between age 9 and 13. The result was her contribution to the 2010 Whitney Biennial exhibition, "Self-Immolation in Afghanistan: A Cry for Help."
In 2005, her work was featured on The NewsHour With Jim Lehrer in a segment called "Picturing Iraq."
The February 2010 issue of National Geographic included Sinclair's project on polygamy in America. Pictures from the series were included in The New York Times Magazine on July 27, 2008.
Her photo series, Too Young to Wed, examines "how children continue to be forced into marriage in more than 50 countries around the world." The project was the result of fifteen years of work in Afghanistan, Nepal, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Guatemala, and Yemen.
In 2012, Sinclair and Jessica Dimmock made a short documentary about an Ethiopian girl married at age 11.
Sinclair is the Founder and Executive Director of Too Young to Wed, a nonprofit organization whose mission is to empower girls and end child marriage globally. The organization shares a name with Sinclair's seminal body of work on child marriage, and was inspired by her years of work on the issue as a photojournalist. The organization runs on-the-ground programming through local implementing partners and awards educational scholarships to keep girls in school and out of marriage in some of the world's most vulnerable contexts. Too Young to Wed currently supports girls in Nepal, Yemen, Nigeria, and Kenya.
In 2014, a collection of Sinclair's body of work was displayed in a show at the Bronx Documentary Center, a documentary photography community center based in the South Bronx founded by photojournalist and author of Photojournalists on War: The Untold Stories from Iraq, Michael Kamber. The same year, Sinclair and Jessica Dimmock were awarded the 2014 Infinity Award: Photojournalism by the International Center for Photography.
In 2016, the BBC credited Sinclair for documenting efforts of some African leaders campaigning for the rights of girls at risk of forced or child-age marriage. Among others, she has documented the work of Thobeka Madiba Zuma (wife of Jacob Zuma), a First Lady of South Africa, and Esther Lungu, First Lady of Zambia are among those leading the effort.
In 2017, Sinclair's body of work on child marriage was displayed in the inaugural opening of the L'Arche du Photojournalisme, a premiere gallery that sits atop Paris' Grande Arche de la Defense. Organized by Visa pour l'Image Director Jean-François Leroy, the exhibition featured 175 of Sinclair's iconic images as well as six short films and educational materials on child marriage globally. 65 percent of the images featured had never been exhibited. The show honored Sinclair's documentation of child marriage in 10 countries over 15 years.
Personal life
In 2011, Sinclair's mother suffered a brain injury. Sinclair said: "When you share the experience of someone you love having a brain injury — of becoming a different person — there's an instant intimacy."
Awards
Sinclair has won multiple awards and distinctions. This includes three World Press Photo awards, the 2015 Art for Peace Award, the 2015 Lucie Humanitarian Award, the International Center of Photography 2014 Infinity Award, unprecedented three Visa D'Or Feature awards from the Visa Pour L'Image photojournalism in France, UNICEF'S Photo of the Year, the Alexia Foundation Professional Grant and the Lumix Festival for Young Photojournalism Freelens Award. She has also received the 2008 CARE International Award for Humanitarian Reportage: The Overseas Press Club's Olivier Rebbot Award (2009) for her essay, 'A Cutting Tradition: Inside An Indonesian Female Circumcision Celebration'. Sinclair has also received another World Press Photo award for her coverage of the war between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon in 2006, and a Pulitzer Prize for her work in documenting systemic failures in the U.S. airline industry in 2000. Sinclair is also frequently published in National Geographic and The New York Times Magazine as well as other various media outlets. In 2019 she was awarded the Dr. Erich Salomon Award.
References
External links
Sinclair's profile at VII
Sinclair's profile at National Geographic
1973 births
Living people
American human rights activists
Women human rights activists
American photojournalists
University of Florida alumni
National Geographic photographers
Women photojournalists
American women photographers |
Canmore General Hospital is a community hospital located in Canmore, Alberta, Canada. Alberta Health Services is responsible for the operations of the hospital. It is a referral centre for surgical services within the province of Alberta. It contains 25 acute care and 23 long-term care beds. The hospital employs 350 staff with 93 physicians having staff privileges. The hospital primarily refers to the Foothills Medical Centre in Calgary. Nonprofit funding is provided by the Canmore and Area Health Care Foundation.
History
On 25 April 2017, the government of Alberta announced that $1.8 million worth of renovations were being conducted at the hospital.
Services
Emergency
Diagnostic imaging (CT, Xray, Ultrasound)
Endoscopy
General surgery
Inpatient medical care
Laboratory
Physical therapy
Plastic surgery
Respiratory therapy
Obstetrics
The only hospital in the Bow Valley with maternity ward after Banff - Mineral Springs Hospital closed its obstetrics department on March 25, 2013, along with the vascular and plastic surgery services.
References
Hospital buildings completed in 1984
Hospitals in Alberta
Canmore, Alberta
Heliports in Canada
Certified airports in Alberta
1984 establishments in Alberta
Hospitals established in 1984 |
Heath's Meadows is a local nature reserve with an area of over located in Burgh le Marsh, Lincolnshire, England. It was acquired by the Trust in 1969. The site was originally called Bratoft Meadows but was re-named in honour of Winifred Heath, a LWT fundraiser. The grassland meadows contain many flowers, including: cowslips, green-winged orchid, spotted orchid, adder's tongue, and dyer's greenweed.
References
Local Nature Reserves in Lincolnshire
Tourist attractions in Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire Wildlife Trust
East Lindsey District |
```php
<?php
namespace PragmaRX\Health\Checkers;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache as IlluminateCache;
use PragmaRX\Health\Support\Result;
class Cache extends Base
{
/**
* @return Result
*/
public function check()
{
try {
$checker = $this->getChecker();
$value1 = $this->getCached();
$value2 = $this->getCached();
if ($value1 !== $value2 || $value2 !== $checker()) {
return $this->makeResult(
false,
$this->target->getErrorMessage()
);
}
return $this->makeHealthyResult();
} catch (\Exception $exception) {
report($exception);
return $this->makeResultFromException($exception);
}
}
private function getCached()
{
$checker = $this->getChecker();
return IlluminateCache::remember(
$this->target->key,
$this->target->seconds,
$checker
);
}
private function getChecker()
{
return function () {
return 'DUMMY DATA';
};
}
}
``` |
The Port Phillip Protectorate was created in the Port Phillip District by the British House of Commons at the instigation of Lord Glenelg. The primary directives of the Protectors was to protect the Aboriginal people in their districts and to 'civilise' them, in other words to minimize conflicts between European settlers and Aboriginal people, and to help Aboriginal people take up the European way of life.
In 1839 George Augustus Robinson became the Chief Protector of Aborigines and four assistants were appointed to particular regions: William Thomas to the Melbourne and Westernport regions, James Dredge to the Goulburn region, Edward Stone Parker to the Loddon and Northwest District and Charles Sievwright to the Western District.
Within only 10 years the organization crumbled, and was no longer seen to be effective or viable, in December 1849 the Protectorate was abolished.
See also
Protector of Aborigines
George Augustus Robinson
References
History of Victoria (state) |
```ruby
require "rails_helper"
RSpec.describe Badges::AwardContributorFromGithub, :vcr, type: :service do
let(:badge) { create(:badge, title: "DEV Contributor") }
before do
badge
omniauth_mock_github_payload
allow(Settings::Authentication).to receive(:providers).and_return([:github])
stub_const("#{described_class}::REPOSITORIES", ["forem/DEV-Android"])
end
it "won't work without Github oauth configured" do
allow(Settings::Authentication).to receive(:providers).and_return([])
user = create(:user, :with_identity, identities: ["github"], uid: "389169")
expect { described_class.call }.not_to change(user.badge_achievements, :count)
end
it "awards contributor badge" do
user = create(:user, :with_identity, identities: ["github"], uid: "389169")
Timecop.freeze("2021-08-16T13:49:20Z") do
expect do
VCR.use_cassette("github_client_commits_contributor_badge") do
described_class.call
end
end.to change(user.badge_achievements, :count).by(1)
end
end
it "awards contributor badge once" do
user = create(:user, :with_identity, identities: ["github"], uid: "389169")
Timecop.freeze("2021-08-16T13:49:20Z") do
expect do
VCR.use_cassette("github_client_commits_contributor_badge_twice") do
described_class.call
described_class.call
end
end.to change(user.badge_achievements, :count).by(1)
end
end
it "awards bronze contributor badge" do
badge = create(:badge, title: "4x Commit Club")
user = create(:user, :with_identity, identities: ["github"], uid: "459464")
Timecop.freeze("2021-08-16T13:49:20Z") do
VCR.use_cassette("github_client_commits_contributor_badge") do
expect do
described_class.call
end.to change(user.badge_achievements.where(badge: badge), :count).by(1)
end
end
end
it "awards silver contributor badge" do
badge = create(:badge, title: "8x Commit Club")
user = create(:user, :with_identity, identities: ["github"], uid: "6045239")
Timecop.freeze("2021-08-16T13:49:20Z") do
VCR.use_cassette("github_client_commits_contributor_badge") do
expect do
described_class.call
end.to change(user.badge_achievements.where(badge: badge), :count).by(1)
end
end
end
it "awards gold contributor badge" do
badge = create(:badge, title: "16x-commit-club")
user = create(:user, :with_identity, identities: ["github"], uid: "15793250")
Timecop.freeze("2021-08-16T13:49:20Z") do
VCR.use_cassette("github_client_commits_contributor_badge") do
expect do
described_class.call
end.to change(user.badge_achievements.where(badge: badge), :count).by(1)
end
end
end
# rubocop:disable RSpec/AnyInstance
it "awards single commit contributors" do
stub_const("#{described_class}::REPOSITORIES", ["forem/forem"])
user = create(:user, :with_identity, identities: ["github"], uid: "49699333")
Timecop.freeze("2021-08-16T13:49:20Z") do
VCR.use_cassette("awards_single_commit_contributors") do
allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:award_multi_commit_contributors)
expect do
described_class.call
end.to change(user.badge_achievements, :count).by(1)
end
end
end
# rubocop:enable RSpec/AnyInstance
end
``` |
A Matter of Honour is a novel by Jeffrey Archer, first published in 1986.
Synopsis
In 1966 disgraced British colonel Gerald Scott bequeaths a mysterious letter to his only son, Adam Scott.
The "item in question" that Adam's father's letter leads him to acquire from a safe deposit box in Switzerland is a precious Russian Orthodox icon made long ago for the Russian tsars which by misadventure came into the possession of Hermann Göring sometime in the 1930s. Following the Second World War Göring wanted Scott's father (one of his jailers at Nuremberg) to have it in token of his kind treatment and because Göring realized Scott's father would be unfairly blamed for his pre-execution suicide.
But the icon contains something that even Göring did not dream of: the only official Russian copy of a secret codice to the Alaska Purchase treaty by which the United States purchased Alaska from Russia in 1867. "Seward's Folly" turns out to have not been a true purchase at all, but a 99-year lease akin to the British hold on Hong Kong, with a right of return to Russia (now part of the Soviet Union) if they can only retrieve their copy before the lease deadline, only days away.
Plot
In June 1966 disgraced British colonel Gerald Scott leaves a mysterious letter to his only son, Adam Scott. Adam's mother tells him that she had already asked his father to destroy the letter.
Later, Adam opens the letter to discover that his father was one of Hermann Göring's jailers at Nuremberg following the end of World War Two. The evening before his execution, Göring requested a meeting with Scott in order to give him an envelope containing the location of the tsar's icon of Saint George & the Dragon in a deposit box in a vault of the Swiss bank Bischoff et Cie. Afterwards, Göring commits suicide via poisoned cigar and the suspicion falling on Scott for his interaction with Göring leads Scott to resign from the military. The colonel then leaves the issue of the letter to his son to deal with.
Adam decides to visit Switzerland to retrieve the icon and has it valued to potentially sell it. However, he is ambushed by KGB agent Major Alexander Romanov, who murders his German girlfriend Heidi and tracks Scott through the country. Romanov has been sent to get the icon by any means necessary. The Swiss police suspect Scott of murdering his girlfriend, causing him to become a fugitive as he attempts to escape the country.
Scott hitchhikes with a musician on tour, Robin Beresford of the Royal Philharmonic Society whose bus eventually deposits him at a village near Frankfurt in Germany. Climbing his way to the highway, Scott is shot at by Romanov and slightly injured. He finds an English family to travel with who take him back over the Swiss border and then to Dijon in France. At Dijon, Scott accidentally drops the icon, splitting it open to reveal the Russian copy of the Alaska Purchase, signed by the tsar himself and dated for 20 June 1966. After this discovery, Scott becomes more determined to get to England. A call with London means that a plane will land at a disused aerodrome near the city to fetch him. The previous English family take him to the airfield where a plane with six SAS soldiers lands. The soldiers disembark and Scott boards, with Romanov and his aide attacking just as the plane lifts off. Damage to the fuel tank causes the plane to crash land soon after take off, with Scott and the injured pilot going their separate ways. Romanov tricks the SAS soldiers and American reinforcements into shooting at each other. However, his aide, Valchek, is wounded in the battle and eventually put out of his misery by Romanov.
Meanwhile, President Johnson learns of the Russian ambassador's deposition of 712 million dollars worth of gold bullion in a New York bank and request for a meeting with the Secretary of State on 20 June, in preparation for returning Alaska to the Soviet Union.
Adam makes his way to Paris and is arrested by the French police there, although he assumes that he will be taken to the British embassy and debriefed there. Colonel Pollard arrives to fetch Scott from the police station yet turns out to be an imposter who defected to the Soviets and Scott is knocked out. He awakens in a soundproofed room in the Russian Embassy and finds Romanov, Pollard and their colleague Stavinsky. Scott is tortured to the point of death yet refuses to give up the icon's location, even when offered papers that exonerate his father from assisting Göring to his death. He escapes from the embassy by knocking out Pollard and climbing over the wall at night. After retrieving the icon from the Louvre, he hires a car to travel to the French coast to cross to England. The date is 19 June.
Adam makes a feint towards Boulogne to throw off Romanov and instead heads towards Dunkerque, where he meets with the musician from before, Robin. She helps him to travel across the Channel to England and accompanies him after the crossing. However, Romanov learns of the deception and follows them with Pollard in tow. Scott goes to Robin's home in Waterloo East in London in order to capture Pollard, whom Romanov has sent to ambush Robin when she gets home. After learning of Romanov's whereabouts from Pollard, Scott calls Romanov at the Soviet Embassy and negotiates with him; if Romanov exchanges an inferior copy of the icon, painted in the early 20th century and which the Soviets have been guarding for 50 years, and the papers proving Colonel Scott's innocence, Adam will return the real icon and the Alaska Purchase copy to him. Romanov agrees and the transaction takes place at Tower Bridge. However, Scott had, prior to the swap, performed a switch of the icons that results in Romanov, unknowingly giving the real icon back to Scott (with the Purchase inside) and Scott giving the copy back. Romanov, convinced he has the true icon, triumphantly heads to the Soviet Ambassador's office to report his success while Scott travels to Heathrow Airport to watch Romanov take off for Moscow. Romanov is assassinated on board by a British agent and Scott is stunned to learn that the agent is a friend who works at the bank.
One month later, Scott and Robin are having the icon auctioned. The Soviets do not have the real icon and were unable to claim Alaska without their copy of the Alaska Purchase. The US therefore retained the state. Scott and Robin receive fourteen thousand pounds for the icon.
Characters
•Captain Adam Scott, MC - Scott is a decorated officer of the Royal Wessex Regiment and known for his father, Colonel Gerald Scott and the stigma brought on him by his father's acts. Scott ends up in possession of the famous icon of Saint George & the Dragon, by Rublev, and is pursued by the KGB. He has a clear, calm demeanour and devises schemes to stay ahead of the Soviets.
•Major Alexander Petrovich Romanov - An agent of the KGB sent after Scott to obtain the icon and its contents. Fluent in English, German and French in addition to his native Russian, he has an immense passion for catching Scott after finding that his mission is to do so and has no qualms about murdering those who get in his way.
External links
Jeffrey Archer's official website
1986 British novels
Books about Alaska
Novels by Jeffrey Archer
British spy novels
British thriller novels
Hodder & Stoughton books |
```java
package com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.core.server;
import com.ctrip.xpipe.simpleserver.AbstractIoAction;
import com.ctrip.xpipe.simpleserver.SocketAware;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author wenchao.meng
*
* Aug 26, 2016
*/
public abstract class AbstractRedisAction extends AbstractIoAction implements SocketAware{
private byte[] OK = "+OK\r\n".getBytes();
private byte[] ERR = "-ERR \r\n".getBytes();
private String line;
private boolean slaveof = false;
private List<String> slaveOfCommands = new ArrayList<String>();
protected boolean capaRordb = false;
public AbstractRedisAction(Socket socket) {
super(socket);
}
@Override
protected Object doRead(InputStream ins) throws IOException {
line = readLine(ins);
if(line != null){
line = line.trim().toLowerCase();
}
if(logger.isInfoEnabled()){
logger.info("[doRead]" + getLogInfo() + ":" + line);
}
if(slaveof && !line.startsWith("$") && !line.startsWith("*")){
slaveOfCommands.add(line);
}
return line;
}
protected String getLogInfo() {
return socket.toString();
}
@Override
protected void doWrite(OutputStream ous, Object readResult) throws IOException {
if(line == null){
logger.error("[doWrite]" + line);
return;
}
byte []towrite = null;
if(line.startsWith("replconf")){
towrite = handleReplconf(line);
}
if (line.startsWith("config get")) {
towrite = handleConfigGet(line);
}
if(line.equalsIgnoreCase("PING")){
towrite = "+PONG\r\n".getBytes();
}
if(line.equalsIgnoreCase("INFO")){
String info = getInfo();
String infoCommand = "$" + info.length() + "\r\n" + info + "\r\n";
towrite = infoCommand.getBytes();
}
if(line.equalsIgnoreCase("PUBLISH")){
towrite = ":1\r\n".getBytes();
}
if(line.equalsIgnoreCase("setname")){
towrite = "+OK\r\n".getBytes();
}
if(line.equalsIgnoreCase("MULTI")){
towrite = "+OK\r\n".getBytes();
}
if(line.equalsIgnoreCase("slaveof")){
towrite = "+QUEUED\r\n".getBytes();
slaveof = true;
slaveOfCommands.clear();
slaveOfCommands.add(line);
}
if(slaveof && line.startsWith("*")){
slaveof = false;
slaveof(slaveOfCommands);
}
if(line.equalsIgnoreCase("kill") || line.equalsIgnoreCase("rewrite") ){
towrite = "+QUEUED\r\n".getBytes();
}
if(line.equalsIgnoreCase("exec")){
towrite = OK;
}
boolean writeToWrite = true;
if(line.startsWith("psync")){
try {
writeToWrite = false;
handlePsync(ous, line);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
logger.error("[handlepsync]", e);
}
}
if(writeToWrite){
if(towrite != null){
ous.write(towrite);
ous.flush();
}else{
ous.write("-unsupported command\r\n".getBytes());
ous.flush();
}
}
}
protected byte[] handleConfigGet(String line) throws NumberFormatException, IOException {
return "*0\r\n".getBytes();
}
protected byte[] handleReplconf(String line) throws NumberFormatException, IOException{
String []sp = line.split("\\s+");
String option = sp[1];
if(option.equals("ack")){
try {
replconfAck(Long.parseLong(sp[2]));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
logger.error("[handleReplconf]", e);
}
return null;
}
if(option.equals("keeper")){
if(!isKeeper()){
return ERR;
}else{
return OK;
}
}
if (option.equals("capa")) {
for (int i = 2; i < sp.length; i++) {
if (sp[i].equalsIgnoreCase("rordb")) this.capaRordb = true;
}
}
return OK;
}
protected boolean isKeeper(){
return false;
}
protected void replconfAck(long ackPos) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
}
protected void handlePsync(OutputStream ous, String line) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
}
protected void slaveof(List<String> slaveOfCommands2) {
}
protected abstract String getInfo();
}
``` |
Llandeilo is the name of an electoral ward for Carmarthenshire County Council, which includes the communities of Llandeilo and Dyffryn Cennen, in Carmarthenshire, Wales. It is represented by one county councillor.
Description
The Llandeilo ward covers the town of Llandeilo the neighbouring rural community of Dyffryn Cennen, which includes the village of Ffairfach. The usual population of this ward at the 2011 census was 2,971.
Representation
Llandeilo was the name of a ward to Dinefwr Borough Council from 1973 until 1996, though its representation (and boundaries) changed on several occasions.
A smaller county ward of Llandeilo Castle was initially created for the new Carmarthenshire County Council at the 1995 election. The Llandeilo electoral ward in its current two-community form was created in 1998 to elect one county councillor at every election from 1999.
Independent councillor Ieuan Jones represented the ward from 1999. He did not stand at the 2012 elections and the ward was won by another Independent, Edward Thomas, who was re-elected in 2017 and 2022. Thomas eschews party politics and claims to have never been a member of the Liberal Democrats, Plaid Cymru, Labour Party or Conservatives.
Elections
* retiring councillor in the ward standing for re-election
2022
Christoph Fischer, Llandeilo town councillor and founder of the Llandeilo Book Festival, stood for Plaid Cymru in 2022, though failed to unseat the sitting councillor.
2017
Thomas held his seat with a large majority at the 2017 election.
References
Carmarthenshire electoral wards
Llandeilo |
```c++
// generator.hpp
//
// file licence_1_0.txt or copy at path_to_url
#ifndef BOOST_LEXER_GENERATOR_HPP
#define BOOST_LEXER_GENERATOR_HPP
#include "char_traits.hpp"
// memcmp()
#include <cstring>
#include "partition/charset.hpp"
#include "partition/equivset.hpp"
#include <memory>
#include <limits>
#include "parser/tree/node.hpp"
#include "parser/parser.hpp"
#include "containers/ptr_list.hpp"
#include <boost/move/unique_ptr.hpp>
#include "rules.hpp"
#include "state_machine.hpp"
namespace boost
{
namespace lexer
{
template<typename CharT, typename Traits = char_traits<CharT> >
class basic_generator
{
public:
typedef typename detail::internals::size_t_vector size_t_vector;
typedef basic_rules<CharT> rules;
static void build (const rules &rules_,
basic_state_machine<CharT> &state_machine_)
{
std::size_t index_ = 0;
std::size_t size_ = rules_.statemap ().size ();
node_ptr_vector node_ptr_vector_;
detail::internals &internals_ = const_cast<detail::internals &>
(state_machine_.data ());
bool seen_BOL_assertion_ = false;
bool seen_EOL_assertion_ = false;
state_machine_.clear ();
for (; index_ < size_; ++index_)
{
internals_._lookup->push_back (static_cast<size_t_vector *>(0));
internals_._lookup->back () = new size_t_vector;
internals_._dfa_alphabet.push_back (0);
internals_._dfa->push_back (static_cast<size_t_vector *>(0));
internals_._dfa->back () = new size_t_vector;
}
for (index_ = 0, size_ = internals_._lookup->size ();
index_ < size_; ++index_)
{
internals_._lookup[index_]->resize (sizeof (CharT) == 1 ?
num_chars : num_wchar_ts, dead_state_index);
if (!rules_.regexes ()[index_].empty ())
{
// vector mapping token indexes to partitioned token index sets
index_set_vector set_mapping_;
// syntax tree
detail::node *root_ = build_tree (rules_, index_,
node_ptr_vector_, internals_, set_mapping_);
build_dfa (root_, set_mapping_,
internals_._dfa_alphabet[index_],
*internals_._dfa[index_]);
if (internals_._seen_BOL_assertion)
{
seen_BOL_assertion_ = true;
}
if (internals_._seen_EOL_assertion)
{
seen_EOL_assertion_ = true;
}
internals_._seen_BOL_assertion = false;
internals_._seen_EOL_assertion = false;
}
}
internals_._seen_BOL_assertion = seen_BOL_assertion_;
internals_._seen_EOL_assertion = seen_EOL_assertion_;
}
static void minimise (basic_state_machine<CharT> &state_machine_)
{
detail::internals &internals_ = const_cast<detail::internals &>
(state_machine_.data ());
const std::size_t machines_ = internals_._dfa->size ();
for (std::size_t i_ = 0; i_ < machines_; ++i_)
{
const std::size_t dfa_alphabet_ = internals_._dfa_alphabet[i_];
size_t_vector *dfa_ = internals_._dfa[i_];
if (dfa_alphabet_ != 0)
{
std::size_t size_ = 0;
do
{
size_ = dfa_->size ();
minimise_dfa (dfa_alphabet_, *dfa_, size_);
} while (dfa_->size () != size_);
}
}
}
protected:
typedef detail::basic_charset<CharT> charset;
typedef detail::ptr_list<charset> charset_list;
typedef boost::movelib::unique_ptr<charset> charset_ptr;
typedef detail::equivset equivset;
typedef detail::ptr_list<equivset> equivset_list;
typedef boost::movelib::unique_ptr<equivset> equivset_ptr;
typedef typename charset::index_set index_set;
typedef std::vector<index_set> index_set_vector;
typedef detail::basic_parser<CharT> parser;
typedef typename parser::node_ptr_vector node_ptr_vector;
typedef std::set<const detail::node *> node_set;
typedef detail::ptr_vector<node_set> node_set_vector;
typedef std::vector<const detail::node *> node_vector;
typedef detail::ptr_vector<node_vector> node_vector_vector;
typedef typename parser::string string;
typedef std::pair<string, string> string_pair;
typedef typename parser::tokeniser::string_token string_token;
typedef std::deque<string_pair> macro_deque;
typedef std::pair<string, const detail::node *> macro_pair;
typedef typename parser::macro_map::iterator macro_iter;
typedef std::pair<macro_iter, bool> macro_iter_pair;
typedef typename parser::tokeniser::token_map token_map;
static detail::node *build_tree (const rules &rules_,
const std::size_t state_, node_ptr_vector &node_ptr_vector_,
detail::internals &internals_, index_set_vector &set_mapping_)
{
size_t_vector *lookup_ = internals_._lookup[state_];
const typename rules::string_deque_deque ®exes_ =
rules_.regexes ();
const typename rules::id_vector_deque &ids_ = rules_.ids ();
const typename rules::id_vector_deque &unique_ids_ =
rules_.unique_ids ();
const typename rules::id_vector_deque &states_ = rules_.states ();
typename rules::string_deque::const_iterator regex_iter_ =
regexes_[state_].begin ();
typename rules::string_deque::const_iterator regex_iter_end_ =
regexes_[state_].end ();
typename rules::id_vector::const_iterator ids_iter_ =
ids_[state_].begin ();
typename rules::id_vector::const_iterator unique_ids_iter_ =
unique_ids_[state_].begin ();
typename rules::id_vector::const_iterator states_iter_ =
states_[state_].begin ();
const typename rules::string ®ex_ = *regex_iter_;
// map of regex charset tokens (strings) to index
token_map token_map_;
const typename rules::string_pair_deque ¯odeque_ =
rules_.macrodeque ();
typename parser::macro_map macromap_;
typename detail::node::node_vector tree_vector_;
build_macros (token_map_, macrodeque_, macromap_,
rules_.flags (), rules_.locale (), node_ptr_vector_,
internals_._seen_BOL_assertion, internals_._seen_EOL_assertion);
detail::node *root_ = parser::parse (regex_.c_str (),
regex_.c_str () + regex_.size (), *ids_iter_, *unique_ids_iter_,
*states_iter_, rules_.flags (), rules_.locale (), node_ptr_vector_,
macromap_, token_map_, internals_._seen_BOL_assertion,
internals_._seen_EOL_assertion);
++regex_iter_;
++ids_iter_;
++unique_ids_iter_;
++states_iter_;
tree_vector_.push_back (root_);
// build syntax trees
while (regex_iter_ != regex_iter_end_)
{
// re-declare var, otherwise we perform an assignment..!
const typename rules::string ®ex2_ = *regex_iter_;
root_ = parser::parse (regex2_.c_str (),
regex2_.c_str () + regex2_.size (), *ids_iter_,
*unique_ids_iter_, *states_iter_, rules_.flags (),
rules_.locale (), node_ptr_vector_, macromap_, token_map_,
internals_._seen_BOL_assertion,
internals_._seen_EOL_assertion);
tree_vector_.push_back (root_);
++regex_iter_;
++ids_iter_;
++unique_ids_iter_;
++states_iter_;
}
if (internals_._seen_BOL_assertion)
{
// Fixup BOLs
typename detail::node::node_vector::iterator iter_ =
tree_vector_.begin ();
typename detail::node::node_vector::iterator end_ =
tree_vector_.end ();
for (; iter_ != end_; ++iter_)
{
fixup_bol (*iter_, node_ptr_vector_);
}
}
// join trees
{
typename detail::node::node_vector::iterator iter_ =
tree_vector_.begin ();
typename detail::node::node_vector::iterator end_ =
tree_vector_.end ();
if (iter_ != end_)
{
root_ = *iter_;
++iter_;
}
for (; iter_ != end_; ++iter_)
{
node_ptr_vector_->push_back (static_cast<detail::selection_node *>(0));
node_ptr_vector_->back () = new detail::selection_node
(root_, *iter_);
root_ = node_ptr_vector_->back ();
}
}
// partitioned token list
charset_list token_list_;
set_mapping_.resize (token_map_.size ());
partition_tokens (token_map_, token_list_);
typename charset_list::list::const_iterator iter_ =
token_list_->begin ();
typename charset_list::list::const_iterator end_ =
token_list_->end ();
std::size_t index_ = 0;
for (; iter_ != end_; ++iter_, ++index_)
{
const charset *cs_ = *iter_;
typename charset::index_set::const_iterator set_iter_ =
cs_->_index_set.begin ();
typename charset::index_set::const_iterator set_end_ =
cs_->_index_set.end ();
fill_lookup (cs_->_token, lookup_, index_);
for (; set_iter_ != set_end_; ++set_iter_)
{
set_mapping_[*set_iter_].insert (index_);
}
}
internals_._dfa_alphabet[state_] = token_list_->size () + dfa_offset;
return root_;
}
static void build_macros (token_map &token_map_,
const macro_deque ¯odeque_,
typename parser::macro_map ¯omap_, const regex_flags flags_,
const std::locale &locale_, node_ptr_vector &node_ptr_vector_,
bool &seen_BOL_assertion_, bool &seen_EOL_assertion_)
{
for (typename macro_deque::const_iterator iter_ =
macrodeque_.begin (), end_ = macrodeque_.end ();
iter_ != end_; ++iter_)
{
const typename rules::string &name_ = iter_->first;
const typename rules::string ®ex_ = iter_->second;
detail::node *node_ = parser::parse (regex_.c_str (),
regex_.c_str () + regex_.size (), 0, 0, 0, flags_,
locale_, node_ptr_vector_, macromap_, token_map_,
seen_BOL_assertion_, seen_EOL_assertion_);
macro_iter_pair map_iter_ = macromap_.
insert (macro_pair (name_, static_cast<const detail::node *>
(0)));
map_iter_.first->second = node_;
}
}
static void build_dfa (detail::node *root_,
const index_set_vector &set_mapping_, const std::size_t dfa_alphabet_,
size_t_vector &dfa_)
{
typename detail::node::node_vector *followpos_ =
&root_->firstpos ();
node_set_vector seen_sets_;
node_vector_vector seen_vectors_;
size_t_vector hash_vector_;
// 'jam' state
dfa_.resize (dfa_alphabet_, 0);
closure (followpos_, seen_sets_, seen_vectors_,
hash_vector_, dfa_alphabet_, dfa_);
std::size_t *ptr_ = 0;
for (std::size_t index_ = 0; index_ < seen_vectors_->size (); ++index_)
{
equivset_list equiv_list_;
build_equiv_list (seen_vectors_[index_], set_mapping_, equiv_list_);
for (typename equivset_list::list::const_iterator iter_ =
equiv_list_->begin (), end_ = equiv_list_->end ();
iter_ != end_; ++iter_)
{
equivset *equivset_ = *iter_;
const std::size_t transition_ = closure
(&equivset_->_followpos, seen_sets_, seen_vectors_,
hash_vector_, dfa_alphabet_, dfa_);
if (transition_ != npos)
{
ptr_ = &dfa_.front () + ((index_ + 1) * dfa_alphabet_);
// Prune abstemious transitions from end states.
if (*ptr_ && !equivset_->_greedy) continue;
for (typename detail::equivset::index_vector::const_iterator
equiv_iter_ = equivset_->_index_vector.begin (),
equiv_end_ = equivset_->_index_vector.end ();
equiv_iter_ != equiv_end_; ++equiv_iter_)
{
const std::size_t equiv_index_ = *equiv_iter_;
if (equiv_index_ == bol_token)
{
if (ptr_[eol_index] == 0)
{
ptr_[bol_index] = transition_;
}
}
else if (equiv_index_ == eol_token)
{
if (ptr_[bol_index] == 0)
{
ptr_[eol_index] = transition_;
}
}
else
{
ptr_[equiv_index_ + dfa_offset] = transition_;
}
}
}
}
}
}
static std::size_t closure (typename detail::node::node_vector *followpos_,
node_set_vector &seen_sets_, node_vector_vector &seen_vectors_,
size_t_vector &hash_vector_, const std::size_t size_,
size_t_vector &dfa_)
{
bool end_state_ = false;
std::size_t id_ = 0;
std::size_t unique_id_ = npos;
std::size_t state_ = 0;
std::size_t hash_ = 0;
if (followpos_->empty ()) return npos;
std::size_t index_ = 0;
boost::movelib::unique_ptr<node_set> set_ptr_ (new node_set);
boost::movelib::unique_ptr<node_vector> vector_ptr_ (new node_vector);
for (typename detail::node::node_vector::const_iterator iter_ =
followpos_->begin (), end_ = followpos_->end ();
iter_ != end_; ++iter_)
{
closure_ex (*iter_, end_state_, id_, unique_id_, state_,
set_ptr_.get (), vector_ptr_.get (), hash_);
}
bool found_ = false;
typename size_t_vector::const_iterator hash_iter_ =
hash_vector_.begin ();
typename size_t_vector::const_iterator hash_end_ =
hash_vector_.end ();
typename node_set_vector::vector::const_iterator set_iter_ =
seen_sets_->begin ();
for (; hash_iter_ != hash_end_; ++hash_iter_, ++set_iter_)
{
found_ = *hash_iter_ == hash_ && *(*set_iter_) == *set_ptr_;
++index_;
if (found_) break;
}
if (!found_)
{
seen_sets_->push_back (static_cast<node_set *>(0));
seen_sets_->back () = set_ptr_.release ();
seen_vectors_->push_back (static_cast<node_vector *>(0));
seen_vectors_->back () = vector_ptr_.release ();
hash_vector_.push_back (hash_);
// State 0 is the jam state...
index_ = seen_sets_->size ();
const std::size_t old_size_ = dfa_.size ();
dfa_.resize (old_size_ + size_, 0);
if (end_state_)
{
dfa_[old_size_] |= end_state;
dfa_[old_size_ + id_index] = id_;
dfa_[old_size_ + unique_id_index] = unique_id_;
dfa_[old_size_ + state_index] = state_;
}
}
return index_;
}
static void closure_ex (detail::node *node_, bool &end_state_,
std::size_t &id_, std::size_t &unique_id_, std::size_t &state_,
node_set *set_ptr_, node_vector *vector_ptr_, std::size_t &hash_)
{
const bool temp_end_state_ = node_->end_state ();
if (temp_end_state_)
{
if (!end_state_)
{
end_state_ = true;
id_ = node_->id ();
unique_id_ = node_->unique_id ();
state_ = node_->lexer_state ();
}
}
if (set_ptr_->insert (node_).second)
{
vector_ptr_->push_back (node_);
hash_ += reinterpret_cast<std::size_t> (node_);
}
}
static void partition_tokens (const token_map &map_,
charset_list &lhs_)
{
charset_list rhs_;
fill_rhs_list (map_, rhs_);
if (!rhs_->empty ())
{
typename charset_list::list::iterator iter_;
typename charset_list::list::iterator end_;
charset_ptr overlap_ (new charset);
lhs_->push_back (static_cast<charset *>(0));
lhs_->back () = rhs_->front ();
rhs_->pop_front ();
while (!rhs_->empty ())
{
charset_ptr r_ (rhs_->front ());
rhs_->pop_front ();
iter_ = lhs_->begin ();
end_ = lhs_->end ();
while (!r_->empty () && iter_ != end_)
{
typename charset_list::list::iterator l_iter_ = iter_;
(*l_iter_)->intersect (*r_.get (), *overlap_.get ());
if (overlap_->empty ())
{
++iter_;
}
else if ((*l_iter_)->empty ())
{
delete *l_iter_;
*l_iter_ = overlap_.release ();
overlap_.reset (new charset);
++iter_;
}
else if (r_->empty ())
{
overlap_.swap (r_);
overlap_.reset (new charset);
break;
}
else
{
iter_ = lhs_->insert (++iter_,
static_cast<charset *>(0));
*iter_ = overlap_.release ();
overlap_.reset(new charset);
++iter_;
end_ = lhs_->end ();
}
}
if (!r_->empty ())
{
lhs_->push_back (static_cast<charset *>(0));
lhs_->back () = r_.release ();
}
}
}
}
static void fill_rhs_list (const token_map &map_,
charset_list &list_)
{
typename parser::tokeniser::token_map::const_iterator iter_ =
map_.begin ();
typename parser::tokeniser::token_map::const_iterator end_ =
map_.end ();
for (; iter_ != end_; ++iter_)
{
list_->push_back (static_cast<charset *>(0));
list_->back () = new charset (iter_->first, iter_->second);
}
}
static void fill_lookup (const string_token &token_,
size_t_vector *lookup_, const std::size_t index_)
{
const CharT *curr_ = token_._charset.c_str ();
const CharT *chars_end_ = curr_ + token_._charset.size ();
std::size_t *ptr_ = &lookup_->front ();
const std::size_t max_ = sizeof (CharT) == 1 ?
num_chars : num_wchar_ts;
if (token_._negated)
{
// $$$ FIXME JDG July 2014 $$$
// this code is problematic on platforms where wchar_t is signed
// with min generating negative numbers. This crashes with BAD_ACCESS
// because of the vector index below:
// ptr_[static_cast<typename Traits::index_type>(curr_char_)]
CharT curr_char_ = 0; // (std::numeric_limits<CharT>::min)();
std::size_t i_ = 0;
while (curr_ < chars_end_)
{
while (*curr_ > curr_char_)
{
ptr_[static_cast<typename Traits::index_type>
(curr_char_)] = index_ + dfa_offset;
++curr_char_;
++i_;
}
++curr_char_;
++curr_;
++i_;
}
for (; i_ < max_; ++i_)
{
ptr_[static_cast<typename Traits::index_type>(curr_char_)] =
index_ + dfa_offset;
++curr_char_;
}
}
else
{
while (curr_ < chars_end_)
{
ptr_[static_cast<typename Traits::index_type>(*curr_)] =
index_ + dfa_offset;
++curr_;
}
}
}
static void build_equiv_list (const node_vector *vector_,
const index_set_vector &set_mapping_, equivset_list &lhs_)
{
equivset_list rhs_;
fill_rhs_list (vector_, set_mapping_, rhs_);
if (!rhs_->empty ())
{
typename equivset_list::list::iterator iter_;
typename equivset_list::list::iterator end_;
equivset_ptr overlap_ (new equivset);
lhs_->push_back (static_cast<equivset *>(0));
lhs_->back () = rhs_->front ();
rhs_->pop_front ();
while (!rhs_->empty ())
{
equivset_ptr r_ (rhs_->front ());
rhs_->pop_front ();
iter_ = lhs_->begin ();
end_ = lhs_->end ();
while (!r_->empty () && iter_ != end_)
{
typename equivset_list::list::iterator l_iter_ = iter_;
(*l_iter_)->intersect (*r_.get (), *overlap_.get ());
if (overlap_->empty ())
{
++iter_;
}
else if ((*l_iter_)->empty ())
{
delete *l_iter_;
*l_iter_ = overlap_.release ();
overlap_.reset (new equivset);
++iter_;
}
else if (r_->empty ())
{
overlap_.swap (r_);
overlap_.reset (new equivset);
break;
}
else
{
iter_ = lhs_->insert (++iter_,
static_cast<equivset *>(0));
*iter_ = overlap_.release ();
overlap_.reset (new equivset);
++iter_;
end_ = lhs_->end ();
}
}
if (!r_->empty ())
{
lhs_->push_back (static_cast<equivset *>(0));
lhs_->back () = r_.release ();
}
}
}
}
static void fill_rhs_list (const node_vector *vector_,
const index_set_vector &set_mapping_, equivset_list &list_)
{
typename node_vector::const_iterator iter_ =
vector_->begin ();
typename node_vector::const_iterator end_ =
vector_->end ();
for (; iter_ != end_; ++iter_)
{
const detail::node *node_ = *iter_;
if (!node_->end_state ())
{
const std::size_t token_ = node_->token ();
if (token_ != null_token)
{
list_->push_back (static_cast<equivset *>(0));
if (token_ == bol_token || token_ == eol_token)
{
std::set<std::size_t> index_set_;
index_set_.insert (token_);
list_->back () = new equivset (index_set_,
node_->greedy (), token_, node_->followpos ());
}
else
{
list_->back () = new equivset (set_mapping_[token_],
node_->greedy (), token_, node_->followpos ());
}
}
}
}
}
static void fixup_bol (detail::node * &root_,
node_ptr_vector &node_ptr_vector_)
{
typename detail::node::node_vector *first_ = &root_->firstpos ();
bool found_ = false;
typename detail::node::node_vector::const_iterator iter_ =
first_->begin ();
typename detail::node::node_vector::const_iterator end_ =
first_->end ();
for (; iter_ != end_; ++iter_)
{
const detail::node *node_ = *iter_;
found_ = !node_->end_state () && node_->token () == bol_token;
if (found_) break;
}
if (!found_)
{
node_ptr_vector_->push_back (static_cast<detail::leaf_node *>(0));
node_ptr_vector_->back () = new detail::leaf_node
(bol_token, true);
detail::node *lhs_ = node_ptr_vector_->back ();
node_ptr_vector_->push_back (static_cast<detail::leaf_node *>(0));
node_ptr_vector_->back () = new detail::leaf_node
(null_token, true);
detail::node *rhs_ = node_ptr_vector_->back ();
node_ptr_vector_->push_back
(static_cast<detail::selection_node *>(0));
node_ptr_vector_->back () =
new detail::selection_node (lhs_, rhs_);
lhs_ = node_ptr_vector_->back ();
node_ptr_vector_->push_back
(static_cast<detail::sequence_node *>(0));
node_ptr_vector_->back () =
new detail::sequence_node (lhs_, root_);
root_ = node_ptr_vector_->back ();
}
}
static void minimise_dfa (const std::size_t dfa_alphabet_,
size_t_vector &dfa_, std::size_t size_)
{
const std::size_t *first_ = &dfa_.front ();
const std::size_t *second_ = 0;
const std::size_t *end_ = first_ + size_;
std::size_t index_ = 1;
std::size_t new_index_ = 1;
std::size_t curr_index_ = 0;
index_set index_set_;
size_t_vector lookup_;
std::size_t *lookup_ptr_ = 0;
lookup_.resize (size_ / dfa_alphabet_, null_token);
lookup_ptr_ = &lookup_.front ();
*lookup_ptr_ = 0;
// Only one 'jam' state, so skip it.
first_ += dfa_alphabet_;
for (; first_ < end_; first_ += dfa_alphabet_, ++index_)
{
for (second_ = first_ + dfa_alphabet_, curr_index_ = index_ + 1;
second_ < end_; second_ += dfa_alphabet_, ++curr_index_)
{
if (index_set_.find (curr_index_) != index_set_.end ())
{
continue;
}
// Some systems have memcmp in namespace std.
using namespace std;
if (memcmp (first_, second_, sizeof (std::size_t) *
dfa_alphabet_) == 0)
{
index_set_.insert (curr_index_);
lookup_ptr_[curr_index_] = new_index_;
}
}
if (lookup_ptr_[index_] == null_token)
{
lookup_ptr_[index_] = new_index_;
++new_index_;
}
}
if (!index_set_.empty ())
{
const std::size_t *front_ = &dfa_.front ();
size_t_vector new_dfa_ (front_, front_ + dfa_alphabet_);
typename index_set::iterator set_end_ =
index_set_.end ();
const std::size_t *ptr_ = front_ + dfa_alphabet_;
std::size_t *new_ptr_ = 0;
new_dfa_.resize (size_ - index_set_.size () * dfa_alphabet_, 0);
new_ptr_ = &new_dfa_.front () + dfa_alphabet_;
size_ /= dfa_alphabet_;
for (index_ = 1; index_ < size_; ++index_)
{
if (index_set_.find (index_) != set_end_)
{
ptr_ += dfa_alphabet_;
continue;
}
new_ptr_[end_state_index] = ptr_[end_state_index];
new_ptr_[id_index] = ptr_[id_index];
new_ptr_[unique_id_index] = ptr_[unique_id_index];
new_ptr_[state_index] = ptr_[state_index];
new_ptr_[bol_index] = lookup_ptr_[ptr_[bol_index]];
new_ptr_[eol_index] = lookup_ptr_[ptr_[eol_index]];
new_ptr_ += dfa_offset;
ptr_ += dfa_offset;
for (std::size_t i_ = dfa_offset; i_ < dfa_alphabet_; ++i_)
{
*new_ptr_++ = lookup_ptr_[*ptr_++];
}
}
dfa_.swap (new_dfa_);
}
}
};
typedef basic_generator<char> generator;
typedef basic_generator<wchar_t> wgenerator;
}
}
#endif
``` |
The imperial hunt of the Qing dynasty was an annual rite of the emperors of China during the Qing dynasty (1636–1912). It was first organized in 1681 by the Kangxi Emperor at the imperial hunting grounds at Mulan (modern-day Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County, near what would become the summer residence of the Qing emperors at Chengde. Starting in 1683 the event was held annually at Mulan during the autumn, lasting up to a month. The Qing dynasty hunt was a synthesis of earlier Chinese and Inner Asian hunting traditions, particularly those of the Manchus and Mongols. The emperor himself participated in the hunt, along with thousands of soldiers, imperial family members, and government officials.
The Manchu emperors of the Qing dynasty used the hunt as a military exercise to train their troops in the traditional martial skills of archery and horsemanship. The hunt was also a bonding ritual intended to emphasize the shared Inner Asian martial traditions of the Manchu and Mongol soldiers of the Eight Banners who were selected to participate (Han Chinese troops were excluded from the hunt). The event provided an opportunity for Qing emperors to leave the confines of the Forbidden City in Beijing and return to the forests "north of the wall", closer to their ancestral homelands, where they could hunt and live as their ancestors did. As the Manchus grew accustomed to living in Chinese cities, Qing emperors expanded and ritualized the imperial hunt as a sort of invented tradition, using it to preserve the traditional Manchu way of life. The Qianlong Emperor made it a key element of his effort to halt the steady decline of military discipline within the Eight Banners during his reign.
Each year, for the duration of the hunt, Mulan served as a temporary capital and a venue for diplomatic activities. The Qianlong Emperor required the leaders of Inner Asian tributary states to join in the hunt on a rotating basis, and he frequently received foreign emissaries there rather than in the imperial palace at Beijing. To facilitate the continued operation of the imperial government in the emperor's absence, many government officials accompanied the emperor to Mulan, where they lived and worked in a tent city replicating the layout of the Forbidden City, exchanging correspondence regularly with Beijing and Chengde.
Altogether, the Kangxi, Qianlong, and Jiaqing Emperors participated in 91 hunts during their reigns. As an important element of Qing military culture, and an embodiment of Manchu identity, the Qing imperial hunt featured regularly in the official artwork and poetry of the Qing dynasty. It was the subject of several paintings by Giuseppe Castiglione, the Italian Jesuit who served as a court painter to Qianlong. Images of the hunt, much like images commemorating victories in battle and other military subjects, were regularly commissioned by the imperial court as a form of propaganda, portraying Qing emperors as exemplars of traditional martial (wu) values.
Origins
Chinese
Hunting has been an important element of Chinese elite identity since at least the Zhou dynasty. Hunting, warfare, and animal sacrifice were intimately linked in the culture of the Zhou aristocracy. As Chinese society became progressively more agrarian, hunting was transformed into a ritual activity associated with the elite. Because the bow and arrow were used both for hunting and for waging war, the practice of archery became a defining trait of the proper gentleman of the Zhou period. A common theme throughout Chinese history is the juxtaposition of hunting and warfare. As one Zhou dynasty writer put it:
Therefore one uses the spring hunt, the summer hunt, the autumn hunt, and the winter hunt, all in the intervals between agricultural labor, to practice the [great] services. Every three years there should be a review of the troops... The lord does not shoot any bird or beast whose flesh is not offered in the sacrificial pots or whose hide, teeth, bones, horns, fur, or feathers are not used on the sacrificial vessels.
In the classic 14th century novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Chancellor Cao Cao of the Han dynasty states: "The kings and emperors of ancient times held four grand hunts yearly, riding forth from the capital each season to show the world their prowess." These four seasonal hunts were the spring hunt (), summer hunt (), autumn hunt, and winter hunt (). Such ritual hunts were regular events in the Tang dynasty, and were sometimes criticized for their extravagance. Emperors, however, saw hunting as an important military exercise. Emperor Taizong of Tang defended his frequent hunting, saying: "At present the empire is without trouble, but military preparations cannot be forgotten."
Inner Asian
Although it was known by the same Chinese name (qiuxian) as the autumn hunts of Chinese antiquity, the autumn hunt of the Qing dynasty was more directly influenced by the hunting practices of the Inner Asian horse cultures. The Manchus who conquered the Ming dynasty and founded the Qing were themselves part of that tradition. The Qing empire encompassed not only Manchus but also Mongols, Turkic peoples, and other steppe nomads. Like the Mongols of the Yuan dynasty and the Khitans of the Liao dynasty, the Manchus of the Qing practiced a form of battue hunting, in which groups of soldiers would encircle a large area of forest and drive their prey into clearings where they could be shot. This style of hunting was called aba in Manchu.
As recorded by Marco Polo, Kublai Khan had a hunting preserve near his summer capital at Xanadu (Shangdu). The khan hunted there regularly during his reign. Mongol and Khitan khans considered hunting an important form of military training, and practiced it regularly. For steppe nomads like themselves, hunting was still an important part of daily life, and not just an idle pursuit of the upper classes as it had become among the Han Chinese. Emperor Taizong of the Khitan Liao dynasty echoed Emperor Taizong of Tang when he remarked, "Our hunting is not merely the pursuit of enjoyment, but a means of practicing warfare!"
The Jurchens of the Jin dynasty, ancestors of the Manchus, organized their military units along the same lines as their hunting parties. This practice was carried on by the Manchus. From these units emerged the companies, called niru ("arrow"), that formed the basic building blocks of the Eight Banners military system that went on to conquer China. The pre-conquest Manchus participated frequently in organized hunts. In 1630, before the capture of Beijing, Hong Taiji established a hunting ground near the old Qing capital of Mukden (Shenyang). However, it was his grandson the Kangxi Emperor who would start the tradition of regular annual hunts.
The Mulan hunting preserve
Establishment
The tradition of hunting at Mulan in the autumn came about as the result of Kangxi's 1681 hunting expedition in lands belonging to his Mongol allies, near the site of the former Yuan capital Shangdu. These lands were gifted to Kangxi at the end of his visit. In 1683, Kangxi returned to hunt again and the lands were established as an official hunting preserve, and bounded by a willow palisade.
Environment
The hunting preserve was located in Rehe (Jehol) province, which has since been divided among the provinces of Hebei, Liaoning, and Inner Mongolia. It occupied a densely forested area where Mongols had hunted for generations. The area contained 67 clearings, called hoihan in Manchu, that animals could be driven into as part of the aba hunt. These clearings usually had Mongolian names, reflecting the area's history as a traditional Mongol hunting ground. For much of its history, it was known simply as "the hunting ground at Rehe". The Chinese name Mulan () is a phonetic translation of the Manchu term muran, which refers to a hunting method in which hunters would whistle for deer, using decoy deer heads as a lure. An 1807 inscription by the Jiaqing Emperor refers to the hunting preserve as Mulan/Muran, and today the area is called Mulan Weichang (). It is located in Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County in Hebei.
During the Kangxi era, plentiful game was to be found at Mulan. The emperor was able to hunt not only deer, but also tigers, bears, leopards, and wolves. Qing emperors enjoyed the beauty of the natural environment, and the escape it provided them from urban life in the capital. As Kangxi wrote:
I am fine. Right now there is no business. At this cool place outside the passes, everyone, from soldiers down to errand-runners, has set up their tents. We've been living here eating game and fish from the mountains and rivers. At night I cover myself with just a cotton blanket. The rainfall has been just right. My mind and heart are tranquil.
Lord Macartney, who visited the Qianlong Emperor at Rehe in 1793 during the Macartney Embassy, gave the following account of the area:
It is one of the finest forest scenes in the world, wild, woody, mountainous and rocky, abounding with stags and deer of different species, and most of the other beasts of chace, not dangerous to man... In many places immense woods, chiefly oaks, pines, and chestnuts, grow upon perpendicular steeps... These woods often clamber over the loftiest pinnacles of the stony hills or, gathering on the skirts of them, descend with a rapid sweep and bury themselves in the deepest vallies.
Within the preserve Macartney also found "palaces, banquetting houses, and monasteries," accessed by roads "hewn out of the living rock". From a hilltop pavilion, he saw around him "so rich, so various, so beautiful, so sublime a prospect [his] eyes had ever beheld". In the later years of the Qianlong era and in the Jiaqing era, however, illegal poaching and logging in the preserve became a serious issue. Jiaqing observed in the early 1800s that the damage to the local ecosystem had made it very difficult to hunt there.
Administration
In 1705, the Kangxi Emperor created a hunting office within the Eight Banners to manage the preserve at Mulan. The headquarters of its Chief Controller was located in Chengde. All but one of the officials who held this position were Manchus, the one exception being a Mongol. In 1749, responsibility over Mulan was given over to the Lifan Yuan, which supervised the Qing dynasty's Mongolian dependencies. The Qianlong Emperor increased the number of officials at Mulan in 1753. During his reign, the number of hunting guards increased from 191 to 800. The number again increased to 950 under the Jiaqing Emperor. Hunting guards at Mulan were selected among bannermen from the capital, and were responsible for preventing poaching, squatting, and illegal logging, as well as for managing the wildlife in Mulan's sixty-seven (later seventy-two) hunting zones. With few exceptions, all permanent construction was banned in the preserve. In 1764, responsibility for Mulan was given back to the Eight Banners, under the lieutenant general of the Rehe garrison. Throughout its history, the administration of the Mulan preserve was staffed entirely with Manchus and Mongols.
History
Kangxi era
The first hunt at Mulan was in 1681, when the Kangxi Emperor hunted there as a guest of his Mongol allies. With him on that occasion were 3,000 Mongol riders, a small number of bannermen of the Eight Banners, and a retinue of officials from Beijing. After receiving the land as a gift from the Mongols, Kangxi hunted there each year starting with his second visit in 1683. Participation in the hunt was expanded to include troops from the Eight Banners of Beijing and the Banner garrisons of Nanjing, Hangzhou, Jingzhou, and Xi'an. The best archers and riders of each garrison were selected to participate, based on their performance on tests earlier in the year. Only Manchu and Mongol bannermen could be selected, reflecting the hunt's Inner Asian character. Hunts were large-scale affairs involving thousands of participants; in addition to bannermen, there were Mongol princes and government officials present. Kangxi had delicacies such as strawberries grown near the grounds so they could be enjoyed by his hunting party.
The construction of the Chengde Mountain Resort in Rehe began during Kangxi's reign. The resort was established as a summer residence for the Qing emperors. Its location was north of the Great Wall, halfway between the wall and the hunting grounds at Mulan. Each year, the emperor would depart Chengde during the autumn and travel with his entourage to Mulan, a distance of seventy-five miles. Although Chengde was said to be a place to escape the heat of Beijing in the summer, in fact Kangxi usually stayed there into autumn, and sometimes returned in the winter.
Except when he was away on campaign, Kangxi hunted annually at Mulan until his death in 1722. In his later years, Kangxi insisted on continuing to hunt, despite needing to be carried in a sedan chair. Kangxi's son, the Yongzheng Emperor, never hunted at Mulan as an emperor, though he had done so as a prince. Yongzheng regretted his failure to continue the custom, and instructed his sons to maintain their hunting skills.
Qianlong era
The next emperor to hunt at Mulan was Qianlong, who revived and expanded his grandfather's tradition. Mulan held deep significance for Qianlong, who erected a stele there in 1751. Concerned about the disappearance of traditional Manchu ways in his generation, he wrote to one of his generals, "From the third year [of my reign] the former institution of the regular training hunt will be begun. Only then will I know whether you have truly practiced as you have preached." From the emperor's point of view, the hunt was the only way to maintain the skills of his troops at shooting from horseback.
The Qianlong Emperor held over forty hunts in his reign, and received foreign dignitaries at Chengde when he was away from the capital. Hunts were usually cancelled in years when the emperor visited the imperial tombs at Mukden, or for important diplomatic events. The visits to Chengde of Amursana in 1754, the Sixth Panchen Lama in 1780, and Lord Macartney in 1793 all resulted in such cancellations. As a venue for such visits, Chengde's location north of the wall and its proximity to the hunting grounds emphasized the Inner Asian heritage of the Manchus and made it the ideal location to receive emissaries from the societies of Central Asia.
Jiaqing era
Like his father Qianlong, the Jiaqing Emperor considered the Mulan hunt to be of vital importance. The inscription of his 1807 stele ("Record of Mulan") at the hunting preserve, placed near that of his father, stated that "Mulan is our nation's hunting ground." Jiaqing reaffirmed the hunt's importance as both a representation of Manchu identity and as a form of military training. Acknowledging that his own riding and shooting skills were probably inferior to those of his father, he proclaimed, "I surely will not take up idle, leisurely ways." In the final words of his inscription, the Jiaqing Emperor wrote:
Can the son who is heir to the house betray the aims of his ancestors? Hunting at Muran in the autumn is the eternal way that must not be forgotten, but preserved for all time by generation after generation of sons and grandsons.
Jiaqing, however, was the last emperor to hunt regularly at Mulan. His son, the Daoguang Emperor, discontinued the practice after ascending the throne, and no more hunts would occur thereafter.
Events and activities
Journey from Beijing
In the early years of the Kangxi era, before the construction of the Chengde complex at his behest, the emperor would travel directly to Mulan in the fall. Kangxi's entourage lived off the land, hunting and camping along the route to Mulan. The emperor wrote of roasting venison over an open fire, and making tea with melted snow. On his 1711 trip, after construction had begun at Chengde, it is estimated that 12,000 people may have accompanied him from the resort. During Qianlong's reign, the emperor's usual practice was to first go to Chengde in the summer, and then proceed to the hunting grounds later in the year. Before departing for Chengde, the emperor and the imperial family would participate in ceremonies in Beijing. Tibetan lamas were present to pray for the success of the hunt. The emperor would usually return to Beijing just after the end of the hunting season. The trip to Chengde from Beijing took seven days, with the emperor and his large entourage stopping at lodges stationed along the way. According to Lord Macartney, whose party took this route to reach Chengde in 1793, each day's segment of the trip was short enough to be completed by mid-day or afternoon. Macartney estimated the distance from Beijing to be about 131.5 miles.
There were two parallel roads between Beijing and Chengde, one for the emperor and one for other authorized persons. While traveling the route, Macartney observed a large number of troops repairing the road in anticipation of the emperor's return trip to Beijing. The road was known to become muddy after heavy summer rains, as observed by the Jesuit painter Jean Denis Attiret. It crossed several rivers, at which bridges or ferries were provided. In some areas, Macartney found the road "very rough" and difficult to travel. Along the route were guard posts at approximately five mile intervals, each staffed by a handful of soldiers to provide security.
Hunting
Scheduled hunting activities at Mulan included both the eponymous muran variety as well as large-scale aba hunts. Several thousand soldiers were required for the aba hunt. A temporary imperial camp would be placed north of the hunting site. On the day of the hunt, the participants would be split into a left wing and a right wing, arrayed in two semi-circular groups spread out over a distance of several miles. Once the two semi-circles had joined, the wing leaders would order the men to close in. The circle would then be reduced to a size of two or three li in circumference, gathering the prey within.
The emperor, having arrived at the campsite by this point, entered the enclosure on horseback and had the honor of the first shot. To protect him from potentially dangerous game such as bears or tigers, the emperor would be accompanied by a number of troops such as the "tiger-gun brigade". If a tiger was caught, the emperor usually killed it personally, as part of the spectacle demonstrating the bravery and martial skill of the imperial lineage. In 1692, the Kangxi Emperor killed a bear by wounding it with an arrow and finishing it off with a pike. Under the Kangxi Emperor, tiger hunts were conducted by having captive animals brought in cages, and then releasing them into the hunting grounds.
Official business
While the emperor was hunting at Mulan, the business of government continued. The "traveling camp" of the imperial government was arranged so as to mirror the layout of the government offices around the Forbidden City. Messengers relayed information between Beijing, the Chengde resort, and Mulan, allowing the emperors and his entourage of imperial officials to do their work in the field. According to one official, there were no desks in the tents, and work had to be done by candlelight.
Entertainment
At the end of the hunting season, the emperor held a feast for all participants, followed by a special feast just for Mongol and Uyghur leaders. Such events were an opportunity for the emperor to spend time with his Inner Asian subjects, many of whom did not travel south to China proper for fear of smallpox. In addition to banquets, the emperor also presented and received gifts, and gave out titles. Many entertainments were provided, including archery and wrestling contests, as well as mock battles. Lord Macartney, in his 1793 mission, observed wrestling, acrobatics, juggling, theatre, and fireworks displays, but was disappointed that an expected display of feats of horsemanship did not appear, as he had heard that the "Tartars", as he called them, were quite skilled in such arts. During the performances, Macartney noted that the audience was completely silent. Macartney, eager to get on with his diplomatic mission, was nonetheless obliged by court etiquette to watch these displays and receive gifts from the emperor throughout the day.
Political significance
Propaganda
The hunts at Mulan were commemorated in paintings produced by the imperial court, much like other military rituals of the Qing. This was especially true in the Qianlong era, in which commemorative art also portrayed the triannual grand inspections (dayue) of Eight Banners troops, and the dual rituals of dispatching armies (mingjiang) and welcoming their return (jiaolao). These works of art, as well as the activities depicted in them, all formed part of the Qianlong Emperor's propaganda campaign to promote martial values in Qing society.
Many of these paintings were done under the direction of Giuseppe Castiglione, the Jesuit missionary who served as one of Qianlong's court painters. A number of paintings produced during Qianlong's reign portray the emperor himself participating in the autumn hunt at Mulan, as well as in the other military rituals of the Qing. In particular, Castiglione produced a series of four scroll paintings about the Mulan hunt. He and his apprentices also produced a number of horse paintings, reviving a subject that had not been popular since the Tang dynasty. A Kazakh horse presented as a gift to the Qianlong Emperor serves as his mount in Castiglione's painting of the grand inspection of the troops, as well as in paintings of the emperor hunting. Copies of martially-themed paintings were disseminated widely in a variety of formats, conveying a message of military might both at home and abroad, as well as impressing a martial stamp upon domestic mass culture.
Diplomacy and ethnic policy
Mulan, and later Chengde, also played an important diplomatic role. It was at Chengde that Qianlong received the Macartney Embassy, cutting short his hunting trip to do so. As part of the Qing emperors' patronage of Tibetan Buddhism, several temples were built in the Tibetan style around Chengde, including the Puning Temple (1755, modeled after Samye Monastery), and the Putuo Zongcheng Temple (1771, modeled after the Potala Palace). It was also at Chengde that the Sixth Panchen Lama visited Qianlong in 1780, for which occasion the Xumi Fushou Temple was erected. At the hunting sites of Mulan, the Kangxi Emperor met with Khalkha, Kharchin, and Dörbet leaders. Likewise, Qianlong often pronounced edicts affecting Inner Asians at the hunting grounds.
The hunt itself, its proximity to the Yuan dynasty summer capital of the Mongols, the practice of living in tents or yurts, and the banquets held in honor of Mongol officials, all served to ingratiate the emperors of the Qing dynasty with their ethnic Mongol subjects and allies in particular, as well as Inner Asians generally. From the beginning of the Qing dynasty, Manchu emperors positioned themselves not only as the emperors of China, but also as Great Khans in the mold of Genghis and Kublai. Originally the khan of the later Jin dynasty, Hong Taiji renamed his empire the Great Qing and declared himself its emperor in 1636 after receiving the surrender of the Chahar Mongols. The Qing sponsorship of Tibetan Buddhism was inherited from the Mongol tradition. The secondary capital and its hunting grounds, both outside the Great Wall, thus bolstered the Qing emperors' rhetoric of having brought the inner (Chinese) and outer (Mongol, Tibetan, Uyghur and so on) peoples together into one "family" (neiwai yijia).
As ritual
The Qing dynasty imperial hunts became increasingly elaborate and ritualized over time, particularly under the Qianlong Emperor. As hunting became uncommon among the Manchus, the majority of whom lived in the walled city of Beijing or the various Eight Banner garrisons throughout the empire, the imperial hunt at Mulan became one of the last contexts in which Manchu hunting skills could be practiced, and only by a select few. The institutionalization of the hunt led to its new role as a sort of performance, a stylized homage to past practices that were no longer living traditions for most Manchus. Hence, Elliott has referred to the Qing hunting tradition as an invented tradition, an "adaptation of an older practice for newer purposes". This adaptation emphasized what Qing emperors considered most important in Manchu culture as they saw it, namely their supposed embodiment of martial (wu) values, as opposed to the civil (wen) values that they attributed to the Chinese (see wen and wu). The Qianlong Emperor likened himself to Emperor Taizong of Tang, who represented a balance of wen and wu. Yet despite presenting themselves as the head of a family encompassing both Chinese and Inner Asian traditions, Qing emperors constantly worried about Manchu acculturation and the adoption of Chinese ways.
Part of the imperial hunt's new significance was its perceived value as a form of military training. A Qing dictionary defined the aba hunt as a way of "training for military proficiency". Theoretically, all Manchus were part of the hereditary warrior caste of the Eight Banners, a military organization which expanded rapidly to include Mongol and Han Chinese contingents during the Qing conquest of the Ming. Military skill, hunting, and Manchu ethnic identity were deeply intertwined. As John Bell wrote, Kangxi saw the hunt as a way to prevent the Manchus from acquiring the perceived Chinese traits of "idleness and effeminacy". Kangxi's fears had been shared by his grandfather, Hong Taiji, who believed that the Jin dynasty of his Jurchen ancestors had collapsed as a result of entering the "Chinese Way", to the neglect of their archery and riding skills. The Yongzheng and Qianlong Emperors frequently criticized slipping standards and laziness among the troops of the Eight Banners. Qianlong, unlike Kangxi, Hong Taiji, and Nurhaci, never led military campaigns in person. The annual hunt, as reinstated under Qianlong, thus represented the best remaining opportunity he had to personally direct his armies in their military training, as well as to regularly reaffirm old Manchu ways through codified ritual in the face of a rapidly shifting Manchu culture.
Notes
References
Foreign relations of the Qing dynasty
History of hunting
Military history of the Qing dynasty
State ritual and ceremonies
Eight Banners
History of Chengde
History of Chifeng |
Alf Brustellin (27 July 1940 – 11 November 1981) was an Austrian film director and screenwriter. He directed six films between 1972 and 1979. He co-directed the 1978 film Germany in Autumn, which won the Special Recognition Award at the 28th Berlin International Film Festival. Alf Brustellin worked together with Bernhard Sinkel as a director and screenwriter team.
Brustellin was in a relationship with Hannelore Elsner from 1973 until his death. He died in a car accident.
Selected filmography
Director
(1975) (co-director: Bernhard Sinkel)
(1977) (co-director: Bernhard Sinkel) — (based on a novel by )
Germany in Autumn (anthology film, 1978)
(1979) — (based on a novel by Martin Walser)
Cinematographer
Lina Braake (1975)
References
External links
1940 births
1981 deaths
Austrian film directors
Austrian male screenwriters
Film people from Vienna
20th-century Austrian screenwriters
20th-century Austrian male writers |
```objective-c
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
// Original code copyright 2014 Foxit Software Inc. path_to_url
#ifndef CORE_FXGE_CFX_SUBSTFONT_H_
#define CORE_FXGE_CFX_SUBSTFONT_H_
#include "core/fxcrt/fx_string.h"
class CFX_SubstFont {
public:
CFX_SubstFont();
ByteString m_Family;
int m_Charset;
int m_Weight;
int m_ItalicAngle;
int m_WeightCJK;
bool m_bSubstCJK;
bool m_bItalicCJK;
#ifdef PDF_ENABLE_XFA
bool m_bFlagItalic;
#endif // PDF_ENABLE_XFA
bool m_bFlagMM;
};
#endif // CORE_FXGE_CFX_SUBSTFONT_H_
``` |
Heinz Richter may refer to:
Heinz Richter (engineer) (1909–1971), engineer and author
Heinz Richter (born 1939), German historian
Heinz Richter (cyclist) (born 1947) |
The Negros shrew (Crocidura negrina) is a white-toothed shrew found only on the island of Negros in the Philippines. It is locally called the katsurí and is listed as an endangered species due to habitat loss and a restricted range.
References
Crocidura
Mammals of the Philippines
Endemic fauna of the Philippines
Fauna of Negros Island
Mammals described in 1952 |
The Hindu–Arabic numeral system is a decimal place-value numeral system that uses a zero glyph as in "205".
Its glyphs are descended from the Indian Brahmi numerals. The full system emerged by the 8th to 9th centuries, and is first described outside India in Al-Khwarizmi's On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals (ca. 825), and second Al-Kindi's four-volume work On the Use of the Indian Numerals (ca. 830). Today the name Hindu–Arabic numerals is usually used.
Decimal system
Historians trace modern numerals in most languages to the Brahmi numerals, which were in use around the middle of the 3rd century BC. The place value system, however, developed later. The Brahmi numerals have been found in inscriptions in caves and on coins in regions near Pune, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh in India. These numerals (with slight variations) were in use up to the 4th century.
During the Gupta period (early 4th century to the late 6th century), the Gupta numerals developed from the Brahmi numerals and were spread over large areas by the Gupta empire as they conquered territory. Beginning around 7th century, the Gupta numerals developed into the Nagari numerals.
Development in India
During the Vedic period (1500–500 BCE), motivated by geometric construction of the fire altars and astronomy, the use of a numerical system and of basic mathematical operations developed in northern India. Hindu cosmology required the mastery of very large numbers such as the kalpa (the lifetime of the universe) said to be 4,320,000,000 years and the "orbit of the heaven" said to be 18,712,069,200,000,000 yojanas. Numbers were expressed using a "named place-value notation", using names for the powers of 10, like dasa, shatha, sahasra, ayuta, niyuta, prayuta, arbuda, nyarbuda, samudra, madhya, anta, parardha etc., the last of these being the name for a trillion (1012). For example, the number 26,432 was expressed as "2 ayuta, 6 sahasra, 4 shatha, 3 dasa, 2." In the Buddhist text Lalitavistara, the Buddha is said to have narrated a scheme of numbers up to 1053.
The form of numerals in Ashoka's inscriptions in the Brahmi script (middle of the third century BCE) involved separate signs for the numbers 1 to 9, 10 to 90, 100 and 1000. A multiple of 100 or 1000 was represented by a modification (or "enciphering") of the sign for the number using the sign for the multiplier number. Such enciphered numerals directly represented the named place-value numerals used verbally. They continued to be used in inscriptions until the end of the 9th century.
In his seminal text of 499 CE, Aryabhata devised a novel positional number system, using Sanskrit consonants for small numbers and vowels for powers of 10. Using the system, numbers up to a billion could be expressed using short phrases, e. g., khyu-ghṛ representing the number 4,320,000. The system did not catch on because it produced quite unpronounceable phrases, but it might have driven home the principle of positional number system (called dasa-gunottara, exponents of 10) to later mathematicians. A more elegant katapayadi scheme was devised in later centuries representing a place-value system including zero.
Place-value numerals without zero
While the numerals in texts and inscriptions used a named place-value notation, a more efficient notation might have been employed in calculations, possibly from the 1st century CE. Computations were carried out on clay tablets covered with a thin layer of sand, giving rise to the term dhuli-karana ('sand-work') for higher computation. Karl Menninger believes that, in such computations, they must have dispensed with the enciphered numerals and written down just sequences of digits to represent the numbers. A zero would have been represented as a "missing place", such as a dot. The single manuscript with worked examples available to us, the Bakhshali manuscript (of unclear date), uses a place value system with a dot to denote the zero. The dot was called the shunya-sthāna 'empty-place'. The same symbol was also used in algebraic expressions for the unknown (as in the canonical x in modern algebra).
Textual references to a place-value system are seen from the 5th century CE onward. A commentary on Patanjali's Yoga Sutras from the 5th century reads, "Just as a line in the hundreds place [means] a hundred, in the tens place ten, and one in the ones place, so one and the same woman is called mother, daughter and sister."
A system called bhūta-sankhya ('object numbers' or 'concrete numbers') was employed for representing numerals in Sanskrit verses, by using a concept representing a digit to stand for the digit itself. The Jain text entitled the Lokavibhaga, dated 458 CE, mentions the objectified numeral
meaning 'five voids, then two and seven, the sky, one and three and the form', i.e., the number 13107200000. Such objectified numbers were used extensively from the 6th century onward, especially after Varāhamihira ( 5th century CE). Zero is explicitly represented in such numbers as "the void" (sunya) or the "heaven-space" (ambara akasha). Correspondingly, the dot used in place of zero in written numerals was referred to as a sunya-bindu.
Place-value numerals with zero
In 628 CE, astronomer-mathematician Brahmagupta wrote his text Brahma Sphuta Siddhanta which contained the first mathematical treatment of zero. He defined zero as the result of subtracting a number from itself, postulated negative numbers and discussed their properties under arithmetical operations. His word for zero was shunya (void), the same term previously used for the empty spot in 9-digit place-value system. This provided a new perspective on the shunya-bindu as a numeral and paved the way for the eventual evolution of a zero digit. The dot continued to be used for at least 100 years afterwards, and transmitted to Southeast Asia and Arabia. Kashmir's Sharada script has retained the dot for zero until this day.
By the end of the 7th century, decimal numbers begin to appear in inscriptions in Southeast Asia as well as in India. Some scholars hold that they appeared even earlier. A 6th century copper-plate grant at Mankani bearing the numeral 346 (corresponding to 594 CE) is often cited. But its reliability is subject to dispute. The first indisputable occurrence of 0 in an inscription occurs at Gwalior in 876 CE, containing a numeral "270" in a notation surprisingly similar to ours. Throughout the 8th and 9th centuries, both the old Brahmi numerals and the new decimal numerals were used, sometimes appearing in the same inscriptions. In some documents, a transition is seen to occur around 866 CE.
Adoption by the Arabs
Before the rise of the Caliphate, the Hindu–Arabic numeral system was already moving West and was mentioned in Syria in 662 AD by the Syriac Nestorian scholar Severus Sebokht who wrote the following:
"I will omit all discussion of the science of the Indians, …, of their subtle discoveries in astronomy, discoveries that are more ingenious than those of the Greeks and the Babylonians, and of their valuable methods of calculation which surpass description. I wish only to say that this computation is done by means of nine signs. If those who believe, because they speak Greek, that they have arrived at the limits of science, would read the Indian texts, they would be convinced, even if a little late in the day, that there are others who know something of value."
According to Al-Qifti's History of Learned Men:
"... a person from India presented himself before the Caliph al-Mansur in the year [776 AD] who was well versed in the siddhanta method of calculation related to the movement of the heavenly bodies, and having ways of calculating equations based on the half-chord [essentially the sine] calculated in half-degrees … This is all contained in a work … from which he claimed to have taken the half-chord calculated for one minute. Al-Mansur ordered this book to be translated into Arabic, and a work to be written, based on the translation, to give the Arabs a solid base for calculating the movements of the planets …"
The work was most likely to have been Brahmagupta's Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta (The Opening of the Universe) which was written in 628. Irrespective of whether this is wrong, since all Indian texts after Aryabhata's Aryabhatiya used the Indian number system, certainly from this time the Arabs had a translation of a text written in the Indian number system.
In his text The Arithmetic of Al-Uqlîdisî (Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1978), A.S. Saidan's studies were unable to answer in full how the numerals reached the Arab world:
"It seems plausible that it drifted gradually, probably before the 7th century, through two channels, one starting from Sind, undergoing Persian filtration and spreading in what is now known as the Middle East, and the other starting from the coasts of the Indian Ocean and extending to the southern coasts of the Mediterranean."
Al-Uqlidisi developed a notation to represent decimal fractions. The numerals came to fame due to their use in the pivotal work of the Persian mathematician Al-Khwarizmi, whose book On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals was written about 825, and the Arab mathematician Al-Kindi, who wrote four volumes (see [2]) "On the Use of the Indian Numerals" (Ketab fi Isti'mal al-'Adad al-Hindi) about 830. They, amongst other works, contributed to the diffusion of the Indian system of numeration in the Middle East and the West.
Development of symbols
The development of the numerals in early Europe is shown below:
The abacus versus the Hindu–Arabic numeral system in early modern pictures
Adoption in Europe
976. The first Arabic numerals in Europe appeared in the Codex Vigilanus in the year 976.
1202. Fibonacci, an Italian mathematician who had studied in Béjaïa (Bougie), Algeria, promoted the Arabic numeral system in Europe with his book Liber Abaci, which was published in 1202.
1482. The system did not come into wide use in Europe, however, until the invention of printing. (See, for example, the 1482 Ptolemaeus map of the world printed by Lienhart Holle in Ulm, and other examples in the Gutenberg Museum in Mainz, Germany.)
1512. The numbers appear in their modern form on the titlepage of the “Conpusicion de la arte de la arismetica y juntamente de geometría" written by Juan de Ortega.
1549. These are correct format and sequence of the "modern numbers" in titlepage of the Libro Intitulado Arithmetica Practica by Juan de Yciar, the Basque calligrapher and mathematician, Zaragoza 1549.
In the last few centuries, the European variety of Arabic numbers was spread around the world and gradually became the most commonly used numeral system in the world.
Even in many countries in languages which have their own numeral systems, the European Arabic numerals are widely used in commerce and mathematics.
Impact on arithmetic
The significance of the development of the positional number system is described by the French mathematician Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749–1827) who wrote:
See also
Notes
Sources
References
"The Development of Hindu–Arabic and Traditional Chinese Arithmetic" by Professor Lam Lay Yong, member of the International Academy of the History of Science
Indian numerals by J J O'Connor and E F Robertson
Arabic numerals by J J O'Connor and E F Robertson
Hindu–Arabic numerals
The Arabic numeral system by: J J O'Connor and E F Robertson
Numeral systems
Elementary mathematics
Arabic language
History of India |
```java
/*
* All content copyright Terracotta, Inc., unless otherwise indicated. All rights reserved.
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
*
*/
package org.quartz.utils;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
/**
* Implementations of this interface used by <code>DBConnectionManager</code>
* to provide connections from various sources.
*
* @see DBConnectionManager
* @see PoolingConnectionProvider
* @see JNDIConnectionProvider
*
* @author Mohammad Rezaei
*/
public interface ConnectionProvider {
/*
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*
* Interface.
*
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*/
/**
* @return connection managed by this provider
* @throws SQLException
*/
Connection getConnection() throws SQLException;
void shutdown() throws SQLException;
void initialize() throws SQLException;
}
``` |
```java
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package com.haulmont.cuba.core.global;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisher;
/**
* Interface that encapsulates application-scope event publication functionality.
* Simple facade for {@link ApplicationEventPublisher}.
*/
public interface Events {
String NAME = "cuba_Events";
/**
* Defines the highest precedence for {@link org.springframework.core.Ordered} or
* {@link org.springframework.core.annotation.Order} listeners added by the platform.
*/
int HIGHEST_PLATFORM_PRECEDENCE = 100;
/**
* Defines the lowest precedence for {@link org.springframework.core.Ordered} or
* {@link org.springframework.core.annotation.Order} listeners added by the platform.
*/
int LOWEST_PLATFORM_PRECEDENCE = 1000;
/**
* Notify all <strong>matching</strong> listeners registered with this application of an application event.
* Events may be framework events (such as RequestHandledEvent) or application-specific events.
* <p>
* You can use {@link org.springframework.context.PayloadApplicationEvent} to publish any object as an event.
*
* @param event the event to publish
* @see org.springframework.web.context.support.RequestHandledEvent
*/
void publish(ApplicationEvent event);
}
``` |
The International Film Festival for Children and Youth is an annual Iranian film festival targeting children and youth.
Awards
The highest award bestowed at the festival is called the Golden Butterfly.
Host cities
Different cities have hosted the event, including Tehran, Hamedan, Kerman, and most recently, Isfahan.
References
External links
Film festivals in Iran
Iranian awards |
Four ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Missouri in honor of the state of Missouri:
, a sidewheel frigate launched in 1841 and destroyed by fire in August 1843
, a Maine-class battleship in service from 1900 to 1922.
, an Iowa-class battleship in service (variably) from 1944 to 1992; site of the official Japanese surrender of World War II; now a floating war memorial at Naval Base Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
, a Virginia-class submarine commissioned in 2010
See also
, a Confederate States Navy river gunboat based primarily on the Red River during the American Civil War.
, several merchant ships with this name
United States Navy ship names |
Ramrod Key is an island in the lower Florida Keys. Originally named Roberts Island, Ramrod Key was renamed for a ship named Ramrod, which was wrecked on a reef south of there in the early nineteenth century.
Description
Until the construction of U.S. Route 1 in the 1920s, the only building on Ramrod was a post office that was alongside the train tracks. U.S. 1 (or the Overseas Highway) crosses Ramrod Key at approximately mile markers 26–27.5, between Summerland Key and Middle Torch Key.
Ramrod Key is a popular tourist site due to the short distance between the island and Looe Key. Current (2014) commercial enterprises of visitor interest include a dive shop-hotel-bar/restaurant complex, numerous sport fishing charters ,a bar/restaurant and miniature golf complex, a gas station-grocery, and a Cuban deli/grocery.
References
Islands of the Florida Keys
Islands of Monroe County, Florida
Islands of Florida |
```java
/*
*/
package com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
/**
* Maintain list of all the encryption algorithm factory classes
*/
final class SQLServerEncryptionAlgorithmFactoryList {
private ConcurrentHashMap<String, SQLServerEncryptionAlgorithmFactory> encryptionAlgoFactoryMap;
private static final SQLServerEncryptionAlgorithmFactoryList instance = new SQLServerEncryptionAlgorithmFactoryList();
private SQLServerEncryptionAlgorithmFactoryList() {
encryptionAlgoFactoryMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
encryptionAlgoFactoryMap.putIfAbsent(SQLServerAeadAes256CbcHmac256Algorithm.AEAD_AES_256_CBC_HMAC_SHA256,
new SQLServerAeadAes256CbcHmac256Factory());
}
static SQLServerEncryptionAlgorithmFactoryList getInstance() {
return instance;
}
/**
* @return list of registered algorithms separated by comma
*/
String getRegisteredCipherAlgorithmNames() {
StringBuffer stringBuff = new StringBuffer();
boolean first = true;
for (String key : encryptionAlgoFactoryMap.keySet()) {
if (first) {
stringBuff.append("'");
first = false;
} else {
stringBuff.append(", '");
}
stringBuff.append(key);
stringBuff.append("'");
}
return stringBuff.toString();
}
/**
* Return instance for given algorithm
*
* @param key
* @param encryptionType
* @param algorithmName
* @return instance for given algorithm
* @throws SQLServerException
*/
SQLServerEncryptionAlgorithm getAlgorithm(SQLServerSymmetricKey key, SQLServerEncryptionType encryptionType,
String algorithmName) throws SQLServerException {
SQLServerEncryptionAlgorithm encryptionAlgorithm = null;
SQLServerEncryptionAlgorithmFactory factory = null;
if (!encryptionAlgoFactoryMap.containsKey(algorithmName)) {
MessageFormat form = new MessageFormat(
SQLServerException.getErrString("R_UnknownColumnEncryptionAlgorithm"));
Object[] msgArgs = {algorithmName,
SQLServerEncryptionAlgorithmFactoryList.getInstance().getRegisteredCipherAlgorithmNames()};
throw new SQLServerException(this, form.format(msgArgs), null, 0, false);
}
factory = encryptionAlgoFactoryMap.get(algorithmName);
assert null != factory : "Null Algorithm Factory class detected";
encryptionAlgorithm = factory.create(key, encryptionType, algorithmName);
return encryptionAlgorithm;
}
}
``` |
Sunniside is a common name for villages in historic County Durham:
Sunniside, Gateshead
Sunniside, Sunderland
Sunniside, Weardale |
The 1944 Millsaps Majors football team was an American football team that represented Millsaps College as an independent during the 1944 college football season. In their 1st year under head coach Benjamin O. Van Hook, the team compiled a 1–5 record.
Schedule
References
Millsaps
Millsaps Majors football seasons
Millsaps Majors football |
```python
"""
Unit tests for projects.py.
"""
import datetime
import boto3
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError
import pytest
from hello import Hello
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"error_code,stop_on_method", [(None, None), ("TestException", "stub_list_projects")]
)
def test_hello(make_stubber, stub_runner, error_code, stop_on_method):
lookoutvision_client = boto3.client("lookoutvision")
lookoutvision_stubber = make_stubber(lookoutvision_client)
project_name = "test-project"
project_arn = "test-arn"
created = datetime.datetime.now()
model_version = "test-model"
dataset = {"DatasetType": "testing", "StatusMessage": "nicely tested"}
with stub_runner(error_code, stop_on_method) as runner:
runner.add(
lookoutvision_stubber.stub_list_projects,
[project_name],
[{"arn": project_arn, "created": created}],
)
if error_code is None:
Hello.list_projects(lookoutvision_client)
else:
with pytest.raises(ClientError) as exc_info:
Hello.list_projects(lookoutvision_client)
assert exc_info.value.response["Error"]["Code"] == error_code
``` |
```c++
// 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
/*
********************************************************************************
* Corporation and others. All Rights Reserved.
********************************************************************************
*
* File WINDTFMT.CPP
*
********************************************************************************
*/
#include "unicode/utypes.h"
#if U_PLATFORM_USES_ONLY_WIN32_API
#if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING
#include "unicode/ures.h"
#include "unicode/format.h"
#include "unicode/fmtable.h"
#include "unicode/datefmt.h"
#include "unicode/simpleformatter.h"
#include "unicode/calendar.h"
#include "unicode/gregocal.h"
#include "unicode/locid.h"
#include "unicode/unistr.h"
#include "unicode/ustring.h"
#include "unicode/timezone.h"
#include "unicode/utmscale.h"
#include "cmemory.h"
#include "uresimp.h"
#include "windtfmt.h"
#include "wintzimpl.h"
#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
# define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#endif
# define VC_EXTRALEAN
# define NOUSER
# define NOSERVICE
# define NOIME
# define NOMCX
#include <windows.h>
U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
UOBJECT_DEFINE_RTTI_IMPLEMENTATION(Win32DateFormat)
#define NEW_ARRAY(type,count) (type *) uprv_malloc((count) * sizeof(type))
#define DELETE_ARRAY(array) uprv_free((void *) (array))
#define STACK_BUFFER_SIZE 64
UnicodeString* Win32DateFormat::getTimeDateFormat(const Calendar *cal, const Locale *locale, UErrorCode &status) const
{
UnicodeString *result = NULL;
const char *type = cal->getType();
const char *base = locale->getBaseName();
UResourceBundle *topBundle = ures_open((char *) 0, base, &status);
UResourceBundle *calBundle = ures_getByKey(topBundle, "calendar", NULL, &status);
UResourceBundle *typBundle = ures_getByKeyWithFallback(calBundle, type, NULL, &status);
UResourceBundle *patBundle = ures_getByKeyWithFallback(typBundle, "DateTimePatterns", NULL, &status);
if (status == U_MISSING_RESOURCE_ERROR) {
status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
typBundle = ures_getByKeyWithFallback(calBundle, "gregorian", typBundle, &status);
patBundle = ures_getByKeyWithFallback(typBundle, "DateTimePatterns", patBundle, &status);
}
if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
static const UChar defaultPattern[] = {0x007B, 0x0031, 0x007D, 0x0020, 0x007B, 0x0030, 0x007D, 0x0000}; // "{1} {0}"
return new UnicodeString(defaultPattern, UPRV_LENGTHOF(defaultPattern));
}
int32_t resStrLen = 0;
int32_t glueIndex = DateFormat::kDateTime;
int32_t patSize = ures_getSize(patBundle);
if (patSize >= (DateFormat::kDateTimeOffset + DateFormat::kShort + 1)) {
// Get proper date time format
glueIndex = (int32_t)(DateFormat::kDateTimeOffset + (fDateStyle - DateFormat::kDateOffset));
}
const UChar *resStr = ures_getStringByIndex(patBundle, glueIndex, &resStrLen, &status);
result = new UnicodeString(TRUE, resStr, resStrLen);
ures_close(patBundle);
ures_close(typBundle);
ures_close(calBundle);
ures_close(topBundle);
return result;
}
// TODO: This is copied in both winnmfmt.cpp and windtfmt.cpp, but really should
// be factored out into a common helper for both.
static UErrorCode GetEquivalentWindowsLocaleName(const Locale& locale, UnicodeString** buffer)
{
UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
char asciiBCP47Tag[LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH] = {};
// Convert from names like "en_CA" and "de_DE@collation=phonebook" to "en-CA" and "de-DE-u-co-phonebk".
(void)uloc_toLanguageTag(locale.getName(), asciiBCP47Tag, UPRV_LENGTHOF(asciiBCP47Tag), FALSE, &status);
if (U_SUCCESS(status))
{
// Need it to be UTF-16, not 8-bit
// TODO: This seems like a good thing for a helper
wchar_t bcp47Tag[LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH] = {};
int32_t i;
for (i = 0; i < UPRV_LENGTHOF(bcp47Tag); i++)
{
if (asciiBCP47Tag[i] == '\0')
{
break;
}
else
{
// normally just copy the character
bcp47Tag[i] = static_cast<wchar_t>(asciiBCP47Tag[i]);
}
}
// Ensure it's null terminated
if (i < (UPRV_LENGTHOF(bcp47Tag) - 1))
{
bcp47Tag[i] = L'\0';
}
else
{
// Ran out of room.
bcp47Tag[UPRV_LENGTHOF(bcp47Tag) - 1] = L'\0';
}
wchar_t windowsLocaleName[LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH] = {};
// Note: On Windows versions below 10, there is no support for locale name aliases.
// This means that it will fail for locales where ICU has a completely different
// name (like ku vs ckb), and it will also not work for alternate sort locale
// names like "de-DE-u-co-phonebk".
// TODO: We could add some sort of exception table for cases like ku vs ckb.
int length = ResolveLocaleName(bcp47Tag, windowsLocaleName, UPRV_LENGTHOF(windowsLocaleName));
if (length > 0)
{
*buffer = new UnicodeString(windowsLocaleName);
}
else
{
status = U_UNSUPPORTED_ERROR;
}
}
return status;
}
// TODO: Range-check timeStyle, dateStyle
Win32DateFormat::Win32DateFormat(DateFormat::EStyle timeStyle, DateFormat::EStyle dateStyle, const Locale &locale, UErrorCode &status)
: DateFormat(), fDateTimeMsg(NULL), fTimeStyle(timeStyle), fDateStyle(dateStyle), fLocale(locale), fZoneID(), fWindowsLocaleName(nullptr)
{
if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
GetEquivalentWindowsLocaleName(locale, &fWindowsLocaleName);
// Note: In the previous code, it would look up the LCID for the locale, and if
// the locale was not recognized then it would get an LCID of 0, which is a
// synonym for LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT on Windows.
// If the above method fails, then fWindowsLocaleName will remain as nullptr, and
// then we will pass nullptr to API GetLocaleInfoEx, which is the same as passing
// LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT.
fTZI = NEW_ARRAY(TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION, 1);
uprv_memset(fTZI, 0, sizeof(TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION));
adoptCalendar(Calendar::createInstance(locale, status));
}
}
Win32DateFormat::Win32DateFormat(const Win32DateFormat &other)
: DateFormat(other)
{
*this = other;
}
Win32DateFormat::~Win32DateFormat()
{
// delete fCalendar;
uprv_free(fTZI);
delete fDateTimeMsg;
delete fWindowsLocaleName;
}
Win32DateFormat &Win32DateFormat::operator=(const Win32DateFormat &other)
{
// The following handles fCalendar
DateFormat::operator=(other);
// delete fCalendar;
this->fDateTimeMsg = other.fDateTimeMsg == NULL ? NULL : new UnicodeString(*other.fDateTimeMsg);
this->fTimeStyle = other.fTimeStyle;
this->fDateStyle = other.fDateStyle;
this->fLocale = other.fLocale;
// this->fCalendar = other.fCalendar->clone();
this->fZoneID = other.fZoneID;
this->fTZI = NEW_ARRAY(TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION, 1);
*this->fTZI = *other.fTZI;
this->fWindowsLocaleName = other.fWindowsLocaleName == NULL ? NULL : new UnicodeString(*other.fWindowsLocaleName);
return *this;
}
Win32DateFormat *Win32DateFormat::clone() const
{
return new Win32DateFormat(*this);
}
// TODO: Is just ignoring pos the right thing?
UnicodeString &Win32DateFormat::format(Calendar &cal, UnicodeString &appendTo, FieldPosition & /* pos */) const
{
FILETIME ft;
SYSTEMTIME st_gmt;
SYSTEMTIME st_local;
TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION tzi = *fTZI;
UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
const TimeZone &tz = cal.getTimeZone();
int64_t uct, uft;
setTimeZoneInfo(&tzi, tz);
uct = utmscale_fromInt64((int64_t) cal.getTime(status), UDTS_ICU4C_TIME, &status);
uft = utmscale_toInt64(uct, UDTS_WINDOWS_FILE_TIME, &status);
ft.dwLowDateTime = (DWORD) (uft & 0xFFFFFFFF);
ft.dwHighDateTime = (DWORD) ((uft >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF);
FileTimeToSystemTime(&ft, &st_gmt);
SystemTimeToTzSpecificLocalTime(&tzi, &st_gmt, &st_local);
if (fDateStyle != DateFormat::kNone && fTimeStyle != DateFormat::kNone) {
UnicodeString date;
UnicodeString time;
UnicodeString *pattern = fDateTimeMsg;
formatDate(&st_local, date);
formatTime(&st_local, time);
if (strcmp(fCalendar->getType(), cal.getType()) != 0) {
pattern = getTimeDateFormat(&cal, &fLocale, status);
}
SimpleFormatter(*pattern, 2, 2, status).format(time, date, appendTo, status);
} else if (fDateStyle != DateFormat::kNone) {
formatDate(&st_local, appendTo);
} else if (fTimeStyle != DateFormat::kNone) {
formatTime(&st_local, appendTo);
}
return appendTo;
}
void Win32DateFormat::parse(const UnicodeString& /* text */, Calendar& /* cal */, ParsePosition& pos) const
{
pos.setErrorIndex(pos.getIndex());
}
void Win32DateFormat::adoptCalendar(Calendar *newCalendar)
{
if (fCalendar == NULL || strcmp(fCalendar->getType(), newCalendar->getType()) != 0) {
UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
if (fDateStyle != DateFormat::kNone && fTimeStyle != DateFormat::kNone) {
delete fDateTimeMsg;
fDateTimeMsg = getTimeDateFormat(newCalendar, &fLocale, status);
}
}
delete fCalendar;
fCalendar = newCalendar;
fZoneID = setTimeZoneInfo(fTZI, fCalendar->getTimeZone());
}
void Win32DateFormat::setCalendar(const Calendar &newCalendar)
{
adoptCalendar(newCalendar.clone());
}
void Win32DateFormat::adoptTimeZone(TimeZone *zoneToAdopt)
{
fZoneID = setTimeZoneInfo(fTZI, *zoneToAdopt);
fCalendar->adoptTimeZone(zoneToAdopt);
}
void Win32DateFormat::setTimeZone(const TimeZone& zone)
{
fZoneID = setTimeZoneInfo(fTZI, zone);
fCalendar->setTimeZone(zone);
}
static const DWORD dfFlags[] = {DATE_LONGDATE, DATE_LONGDATE, DATE_SHORTDATE, DATE_SHORTDATE};
void Win32DateFormat::formatDate(const SYSTEMTIME *st, UnicodeString &appendTo) const
{
int result=0;
wchar_t stackBuffer[STACK_BUFFER_SIZE];
wchar_t *buffer = stackBuffer;
const wchar_t *localeName = nullptr;
if (fWindowsLocaleName != nullptr)
{
localeName = reinterpret_cast<const wchar_t*>(toOldUCharPtr(fWindowsLocaleName->getTerminatedBuffer()));
}
result = GetDateFormatEx(localeName, dfFlags[fDateStyle - kDateOffset], st, NULL, buffer, STACK_BUFFER_SIZE, NULL);
if (result == 0) {
if (GetLastError() == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {
int newLength = GetDateFormatEx(localeName, dfFlags[fDateStyle - kDateOffset], st, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
buffer = NEW_ARRAY(wchar_t, newLength);
GetDateFormatEx(localeName, dfFlags[fDateStyle - kDateOffset], st, NULL, buffer, newLength, NULL);
}
}
appendTo.append((const UChar *)buffer, (int32_t) wcslen(buffer));
if (buffer != stackBuffer) {
DELETE_ARRAY(buffer);
}
}
static const DWORD tfFlags[] = {0, 0, 0, TIME_NOSECONDS};
void Win32DateFormat::formatTime(const SYSTEMTIME *st, UnicodeString &appendTo) const
{
int result;
wchar_t stackBuffer[STACK_BUFFER_SIZE];
wchar_t *buffer = stackBuffer;
const wchar_t *localeName = nullptr;
if (fWindowsLocaleName != nullptr)
{
localeName = reinterpret_cast<const wchar_t*>(toOldUCharPtr(fWindowsLocaleName->getTerminatedBuffer()));
}
result = GetTimeFormatEx(localeName, tfFlags[fTimeStyle], st, NULL, buffer, STACK_BUFFER_SIZE);
if (result == 0) {
if (GetLastError() == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {
int newLength = GetTimeFormatEx(localeName, tfFlags[fTimeStyle], st, NULL, NULL, 0);
buffer = NEW_ARRAY(wchar_t, newLength);
GetTimeFormatEx(localeName, tfFlags[fTimeStyle], st, NULL, buffer, newLength);
}
}
appendTo.append((const UChar *)buffer, (int32_t) wcslen(buffer));
if (buffer != stackBuffer) {
DELETE_ARRAY(buffer);
}
}
UnicodeString Win32DateFormat::setTimeZoneInfo(TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION *tzi, const TimeZone &zone) const
{
UnicodeString zoneID;
zone.getID(zoneID);
if (zoneID.compare(fZoneID) != 0) {
UnicodeString icuid;
zone.getID(icuid);
if (! uprv_getWindowsTimeZoneInfo(tzi, icuid.getBuffer(), icuid.length())) {
UBool found = FALSE;
int32_t ec = TimeZone::countEquivalentIDs(icuid);
for (int z = 0; z < ec; z += 1) {
UnicodeString equiv = TimeZone::getEquivalentID(icuid, z);
found = uprv_getWindowsTimeZoneInfo(tzi, equiv.getBuffer(), equiv.length());
if (found) {
break;
}
}
if (! found) {
GetTimeZoneInformation(tzi);
}
}
}
return zoneID;
}
U_NAMESPACE_END
#endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING */
#endif // U_PLATFORM_USES_ONLY_WIN32_API
``` |
Osleni Guerrero Velazco (born 18 October 1989) is a Cuban badminton player. He is the first Cuban badminton player to win a medal in the Pan American Games. Guerrero also competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Career
Guerrero, born in Havana, started competing in badminton in 2000, and joined the national team in 2005. As a junior player he won the under-19 category at the 2007 Pan Am Junior Badminton Championships held at Puerto Vallarta, Mexico where he beat first seed Howard Shu of the US, 21–13, 21–10 in the final.
Guerrero won a bronze medal in the men's singles event at the 2015 Pan Am Games, losing the semi-final to Canadian Andrew D'Souza. In the 2011 Pan American Games he made history, reaching the final and a silver [an Am Games medal for Cuba at badminton for the first time. He eventually lost that final to first seeded Kevin Cordón of Guatemala with 13–21, 19–21.
Guerrero competed in 2014 and 2015 BWF World Championships. He is a member of the Cuban national badminton team since 2005. He twice won the continental Pan American Badminton Championship. First in 2013 at Santo Domingo, beating first seeded American Sattawat Pongnairat 17–21, 21–6, 21–16 in a close 51 minutes final. In 2014 at Markham venue, he successfully defended his Pan American badminton title, this time beating another American Bjorn Seguin in another close fought final of 58 minutes with 19–21, 21–14, and 21–13. Guerrero won many events in the Pan American Badminton circuit.
At the 2016 Rio Olympics, Guerrero played the men's singles event in Group J with Tommy Sugiarto of Indonesia, and Howard Shu of United States. He placed second in the group standing after won a match to Shu, but lost to Sugiarto. He won the silver medal at the 2017 Pan Am Championships defeated by the Brazilian Ygor Coelho de Oliveira in the final.
In 2018, he won four medals at the Central American and Caribbean Games, a gold medal in the mixed doubles, also three silver medals in the men's singles, doubles, and team events.
In 2019, he reached the finals at the Pan Am Championships in two different events, won a gold medal in the men's singles event.
Achievements
Pan American Games
Men's singles
Men's doubles
Pan Am Championships
Men's singles
Men's doubles
Central American and Caribbean Games
Men's singles
Men's doubles
Mixed doubles
Pan Am Junior Championships
Boys' singles
BWF International Challenge/Series (33 titles, 17 runners-up)
Men's singles
Men's doubles
Mixed doubles
BWF International Challenge tournament
BWF International Series tournament
BWF Future Series tournament
References
External links
1989 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Havana
Cuban male badminton players
Badminton players at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic badminton players for Cuba
Badminton players at the 2007 Pan American Games
Badminton players at the 2011 Pan American Games
Badminton players at the 2015 Pan American Games
Badminton players at the 2019 Pan American Games
Pan American Games silver medalists for Cuba
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Cuba
Pan American Games medalists in badminton
Medalists at the 2011 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2015 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2019 Pan American Games
Competitors at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games
Competitors at the 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games
Central American and Caribbean Games gold medalists for Cuba
Central American and Caribbean Games silver medalists for Cuba
Central American and Caribbean Games bronze medalists for Cuba
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in badminton
21st-century Cuban people |
```go
package resources
import (
"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws"
"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws/session"
"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/service/apigateway"
)
type APIGatewayDomainName struct {
svc *apigateway.APIGateway
domainName *string
}
func init() {
register("APIGatewayDomainName", ListAPIGatewayDomainNames)
}
func ListAPIGatewayDomainNames(sess *session.Session) ([]Resource, error) {
svc := apigateway.New(sess)
resources := []Resource{}
params := &apigateway.GetDomainNamesInput{
Limit: aws.Int64(100),
}
for {
output, err := svc.GetDomainNames(params)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
for _, item := range output.Items {
resources = append(resources, &APIGatewayDomainName{
svc: svc,
domainName: item.DomainName,
})
}
if output.Position == nil {
break
}
params.Position = output.Position
}
return resources, nil
}
func (f *APIGatewayDomainName) Remove() error {
_, err := f.svc.DeleteDomainName(&apigateway.DeleteDomainNameInput{
DomainName: f.domainName,
})
return err
}
func (f *APIGatewayDomainName) String() string {
return *f.domainName
}
``` |
```c++
#include "cpp/pylib.h"
#include "mycpp/runtime.h"
#include "vendor/greatest.h"
TEST os_path_test() {
// TODO: use gc_mylib here, with NewStr(), StackRoots, etc.
BigStr* s = nullptr;
s = os_path::rstrip_slashes(StrFromC(""));
ASSERT(str_equals(s, StrFromC("")));
s = os_path::rstrip_slashes(StrFromC("foo"));
ASSERT(str_equals(s, StrFromC("foo")));
s = os_path::rstrip_slashes(StrFromC("foo/"));
ASSERT(str_equals(s, StrFromC("foo")));
s = os_path::rstrip_slashes(StrFromC("/foo/"));
ASSERT(str_equals(s, StrFromC("/foo")));
// special case of not stripping
s = os_path::rstrip_slashes(StrFromC("///"));
ASSERT(str_equals(s, StrFromC("///")));
ASSERT(path_stat::exists(StrFromC("/")));
ASSERT(!path_stat::exists(StrFromC("/nonexistent_ZZZ")));
PASS();
}
TEST isdir_test() {
ASSERT(path_stat::isdir(StrFromC(".")));
ASSERT(path_stat::isdir(StrFromC("/")));
PASS();
}
GREATEST_MAIN_DEFS();
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
gHeap.Init();
GREATEST_MAIN_BEGIN();
RUN_TEST(os_path_test);
RUN_TEST(isdir_test);
gHeap.CleanProcessExit();
GREATEST_MAIN_END();
return 0;
}
``` |
SHIFTCOR (Shift Correction) is a freely available web server as well as a stand-alone computer program for protein chemical shift re-referencing. Chemical shift referencing is a particularly widespread problem in biomolecular NMR with up to 25% of existing NMR chemical shift assignments being improperly referenced. Some of these referencing problems can lead to systematic errors of between 1.0 to 2.5 ppm (especially in 13C and 15N chemical shifts). Errors of this magnitude can play havoc with any attempt to compare assignments between proteins or to structurally interpret chemical shifts. Identifying which proteins are mis-assigned or improperly referenced can be challenging, as can correcting the errors once they are found. The SHIFTCOR program was designed to assist with identifying and fixing these chemical shift referencing problems. Specifically it compares, identifies, corrects and re-references 1H, 13C and 15N backbone chemical shifts of peptides and proteins by comparing the observed chemical shifts with the predicted chemical shifts derived from the 3D structure (using PDB coordinates) of the protein(s) of interest [1]. The predicted chemical shifts are calculated using the ShiftX program. The SHIFTCOR program was originally used to construct a database of properly re-referenced protein chemical shift assignments called RefDB. RefDB is a web-accessible database of more than 2000 correctly referenced protein chemical shift assignments. While originally available as a stand-alone program only, SHIFTCOR has since been released for general use as a web server.
See also
Chemical Shift
NMR
Protein
Protein structure database
Protein Chemical Shift Re-Referencing
Protein secondary structure
Protein Chemical Shift Prediction
Chemical shift index
Protein NMR
References
External links
ShiftX
RefDB
Nuclear magnetic resonance software
Protein methods
Protein structure
Biophysics
Chemistry software
Biological databases |
Calvin Carl "Kelly" Gotlieb, (March 27, 1921 – October 16, 2016) was a Canadian professor and computer scientist who has been called the "Father of Computing" in Canada. He was a Professor in Computer Science at the University of Toronto.
Biography
He received a Bachelor of Science in physics in 1942, a Master of Arts in 1944 and a Ph.D. in 1947 from the University of Toronto.
In 1948, he co-founded the computation centre at the University of Toronto and was part of the first team in Canada to build computers and to provide computing services. In 1950, he created the first university course on computing in Canada and in 1951 offered the first graduate course. In 1964, he helped to found the first Canadian graduate department of computer science at the University of Toronto.
In 1958, he helped to found the Canadian Information Processing Society and was its president from 1960 to 1961.
In 1995, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and in 2006, a founding Fellow of the Canadian Information Processing Society. In 1994, he received the International Federation for Information Processing Isaac L. Auerbach Award and was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery.
He was married to Phyllis Bloom, a Canadian science fiction novelist and poet, from 1949 until her death in 2009. Kelly and Phyllis Gotlieb had three children: son Leo Gotlieb; daughters Margaret Gotlieb and Jane Lipson.
Kelly Gotlieb died on October 16, 2016, in Toronto.
References
External links
Calvin Carl Gotlieb at The Canadian Encyclopedia
Prof. Gotlieb, Classified Work interview with, Stephen Ibaraki
Prof. Gotlieb, Pioneer in Computing Profile by, Stephen Ibaraki
Prof. Gotlieb, International Science and Engineering Fair interview with, Stephen Ibaraki
Prof. Gotlieb, Security Trumps Privacy interview with, Stephen Ibaraki
Prof. Gotlieb, Skills Shortage interview with, Stephen Ibaraki
Prof. Gotlieb, Evolution of Computers interview with, Stephen Ibaraki
Prof. Gotlieb, Foundational work with the ACM interview with, Stephen Ibaraki
Prof. Gotlieb, IFIP and CIPS interview with, Stephen Ibaraki
Calvin Gotlieb archival papers held at the University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services
1921 births
2016 deaths
Canadian computer scientists
Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Members of the Order of Canada
Scientists from Toronto
University of Toronto alumni
Academic staff of the University of Toronto |
Little brown bird (LBB) or little brown job (LBJ) is an informal name used by birdwatchers for any of the large number of species of small brown passerine birds, many of which are notoriously difficult to distinguish. This is especially true for females, which lack much of the differentiating coloring present in males.
The name little brown bat is also applied to records in general observations of microchiropteran species, many of which are indistinguishable by their greyish brown coloring.
See also
Damned yellow composite, a similar term for the numerous difficult-to-identify dandelion-like plants
Little brown mushroom, a similar term for difficult-to-identify mushrooms
References
Birdwatching
Slang |
```toml
name = "project"
version = "0.1.0"
[dependencies]
# These are Gleam deps
gleam_stdlib = "~> 0.18"
gleam_erlang = "~> 0.5"
# This is a rebar3 dep that uses files in ./priv
certifi = "~> 2.8"
# This is a rebar3 dep that uses files in ./ebin
cowboy = "~> 2.9"
# This is a mix dep that uses files in ./priv
countries = "~> 1.6"
# This is both a mix and a rebar3 dep!
# We want to default to using rebar3 as that is the build tool that is more
# likely to be installed.
ssl_verify_fun = "~> 1.1"
# This is a rebar3 dep that calls make to compile C into a .so file that is
# loaded at runtime from ./priv
# TODO: replace this with a package with a nif that compiles super fast. Perhaps
# just a hello world.
bcrypt = "~> 1.1"
# This is a rebar3 dep where the application name (hpack, used by the BEAM)
# doesn't match the package name (hpack_erl, used by Hex).
hpack_erl = "~> 0.1"
gleam_javascript = "~> 0.7"
[dev-dependencies]
gleeunit = "~> 1.0"
``` |
Palingenetic ultranationalism is a definition of "true fascism" proposed by political theorist Roger Griffin. The phrase was first coined by Griffin in his 1991 book, "The Nature of Fascism." A key element is the belief that fascism can be defined by what Griffin posits in his book to be the true core myth of facism, namely that of the need for a counter-revolution to occur first before a "national rebirth", palingenesis, could then take place.
Griffin argues that the unique synthesis of palingenesis and ultranationalism differentiates fascism from para-fascism and other authoritarian nationalist ideologies. He asserts that this is the "fascist minimum" without which, according to his definition, there can be no "true fascism." Griffin himself describes fascism as a political philosophy built on the “perverse mythic logic” of destruction, which the fascist believes will then be followed by some form of political rebirth.
History
The idea was first put forth in the 1991 book The Nature of Fascism and was expanded in the paper "Staging the Nation's Rebirth: The Politics and Aesthetics of Performance in the Context of Fascist Studies" in the 1994 volume Fascism and Theatre: The Politics and Aesthetics in the Era of Fascism. Griffin's theory of "true fascism" is a recent philosophical development and is not explicitly stated in earlier political treatises on fascism such as in Mussolinni's "Doctrine of Fascism," and others. While earlier works do describe the idea of fascism as being "revolutionary," they do not list a "revolution" as being a necessary precursor to fascism.
Roger Griffin argues that fascism uses the "palingenetic myth" to attract large masses of voters who have lost their faith in traditional politics and religion by promising them a brighter future under fascist rule. That promise is not made exclusively by fascists: other political ideologies also incorporate some palingenetic aspects in their party programs since politicians almost always promise to improve the situation. More radical movements often want to overthrow the old order, which has become decadent and alien to the common man. That powerful and energetic demolition of the old ways may require some form of revolution or battle, which is, however, represented as glorious and necessary. Such movements thus compare the (recent) past with the future, which is presented as a rebirth of society after a period of decay and misery. The palingenetic myth can also possibly stand for a return to a golden age in the country's history so that the past can be a guidebook to a better tomorrow, with an associated regime that superficially resembles a reactionary one. Fascism distinguishes itself by being the only ideology that focuses strongly on the revolution in its myth or, as Griffin puts it:
Through all of that, there would be one great leader who would battle the representatives of the old system with grassroots support. In the fascist utopia, one mass of people will supposedly appear who have only one goal: to create their new future. Such a fascist movement would ideally have infinite faith in its mythical hero who would stand for everything the movement believes in. According to this utopian ideology, under the guidance of their leader the country would then rise like a phoenix from the ashes of corruption and decadence.
Contemporary examples
National-anarchism has been argued to be a syncretic political ideology that was developed in the 1990s by former Third Positionists to promote a "stateless palingenetic ultranationalism".
See also
Eternal return (Eliade)
Great Replacement
Reactionary modernism
References
External links
"Modernity, Modernism, and Fascism: A 'Mazeway Resynthesis'"
"Staging the Nation's Rebirth" (PDF)
Anthropology
Fascism
Nationalism
Political theories |
Everus (Li Nian) is a car marque of GAC Honda, a joint venture between Honda and Guangzhou Automobile Group (GAC Group). Honda became the first foreign automaker to develop vehicles under a brand owned by its local joint venture automaker in China.
Li Nian launched its first car, the S1 at the Shanghai Auto Show in April 2011.
Products
Everus S1
The S1 is the first Everus car available for sale. It is a rebadged fourth-generation Honda City saloon and went on sale in April 2011.
Everus VE-1
An electric subcompact SUV loosely based on Honda Vezel that was previewed by the Everus EV concept. The vehicle is jointly developed by Honda and GAC Honda, with a range of from the 53.6-kWh lithium-ion battery (NCM622) on the New European Driving Cycle, powered by an electric motor drives with and of torque.
Concept cars
To announce the Everus marque in 2008, Li Nian, a compact SUV concept car was revealed at the Beijing International Automobile Exhibition Auto China.
The Li Nian Roadster concept was shown by Guangqi Honda in 2009 Shanghai Auto Show.
The Li Nian Sedan concept was debuted at Auto China 2010 in Beijing.
The EV SUV concept was debuted at Auto China 2018 in Beijing.
References
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 2008
Honda
Motor vehicle manufacturers of China
Chinese brands |
```go
package router
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"net/http"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
"time"
"github.com/kataras/iris/v12/context"
"github.com/kataras/iris/v12/macro"
"github.com/kataras/iris/v12/macro/handler"
"github.com/kataras/pio"
)
// Route contains the information about a registered Route.
// If any of the following fields are changed then the
// caller should Refresh the router.
type Route struct {
// The Party which this Route was created and registered on.
Party Party
Title string `json:"title"` // custom name to replace the method on debug logging.
Name string `json:"name"` // "userRoute"
Description string `json:"description"` // "lists a user"
Method string `json:"method"` // "GET"
StatusCode int `json:"statusCode"` // 404 (only for HTTP error handlers).
methodBckp string // if Method changed to something else (which is possible at runtime as well, via RefreshRouter) then this field will be filled with the old one.
Subdomain string `json:"subdomain"` // "admin."
tmpl macro.Template // Tmpl().Src: "/api/user/{id:uint64}"
// temp storage, they're appended to the Handlers on build.
// Execution happens before Handlers, can be empty.
// They run right after any builtinBeginHandlers.
beginHandlers context.Handlers
// temp storage, these are always registered first as Handlers on Build.
// There are the handlers may be added by the framework and
// can NOT be modified by the end-developer (i.e overlapRoute & bindMultiParamTypesHandler),
// even if a function like UseGlobal is used.
builtinBeginHandlers context.Handlers
// Handlers are the main route's handlers, executed by order.
// Cannot be empty.
Handlers context.Handlers `json:"-"`
MainHandlerName string `json:"mainHandlerName"`
MainHandlerIndex int `json:"mainHandlerIndex"`
// temp storage, they're appended to the Handlers on build.
// Execution happens after Begin and main Handler(s), can be empty.
doneHandlers context.Handlers
Path string `json:"path"` // the underline router's representation, i.e "/api/user/:id"
// FormattedPath all dynamic named parameters (if any) replaced with %v,
// used by Application to validate param values of a Route based on its name.
FormattedPath string `json:"formattedPath"`
// the source code's filename:filenumber that this route was created from.
SourceFileName string `json:"sourceFileName"`
SourceLineNumber int `json:"sourceLineNumber"`
// where the route registered.
RegisterFileName string `json:"registerFileName"`
RegisterLineNumber int `json:"registerLineNumber"`
// see APIBuilder.handle, routerHandler.bindMultiParamTypesHandler and routerHandler.Build,
// it's the parent route of the last registered of the same path parameter. Specifically for path parameters.
topLink *Route
// overlappedLink specifically for overlapRoute feature.
// keeps the second route of the same path pattern registered.
// It's used ONLY for logging.
overlappedLink *Route
// Sitemap properties: path_to_url
NoSitemap bool // when this route should be hidden from sitemap.
LastMod time.Time `json:"lastMod,omitempty"`
ChangeFreq string `json:"changeFreq,omitempty"`
Priority float32 `json:"priority,omitempty"`
// ReadOnly is the read-only structure of the Route.
ReadOnly context.RouteReadOnly
// OnBuild runs right before BuildHandlers.
OnBuild func(r *Route)
NoLog bool // disables debug logging.
}
// NewRoute returns a new route based on its method,
// subdomain, the path (unparsed or original),
// handlers and the macro container which all routes should share.
// It parses the path based on the "macros",
// handlers are being changed to validate the macros at serve time, if needed.
func NewRoute(p Party, statusErrorCode int, method, subdomain, unparsedPath string,
handlers context.Handlers, macros macro.Macros) (*Route, error) {
path := cleanPath(unparsedPath) // required. Before macro template parse as the cleanPath does not modify the dynamic path route parts.
tmpl, err := macro.Parse(path, macros)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
path = convertMacroTmplToNodePath(tmpl)
// prepend the macro handler to the route, now,
// right before the register to the tree, so APIBuilder#UseGlobal will work as expected.
if handler.CanMakeHandler(tmpl) {
macroEvaluatorHandler := handler.MakeHandler(tmpl)
handlers = append(context.Handlers{macroEvaluatorHandler}, handlers...)
}
defaultName := method + subdomain + tmpl.Src
if statusErrorCode > 0 {
defaultName = fmt.Sprintf("%d_%s", statusErrorCode, defaultName)
}
formattedPath := formatPath(path)
route := &Route{
Party: p,
StatusCode: statusErrorCode,
Name: defaultName,
Method: method,
methodBckp: method,
Subdomain: subdomain,
tmpl: tmpl,
Path: path,
Handlers: handlers,
FormattedPath: formattedPath,
}
route.ReadOnly = routeReadOnlyWrapper{route}
return route, nil
}
// Use adds explicit begin handlers to this route.
// Alternatively the end-dev can prepend to the `Handlers` field.
// Should be used before the `BuildHandlers` which is
// called by the framework itself on `Application#Run` (build state).
//
// Used internally at `APIBuilder#UseGlobal` -> `beginGlobalHandlers` -> `APIBuilder#Handle`.
func (r *Route) Use(handlers ...context.Handler) {
if len(handlers) == 0 {
return
}
r.beginHandlers = append(r.beginHandlers, handlers...)
}
// UseOnce like Use but it replaces any duplicate handlers with
// the new ones.
// Should be called before Application Build.
func (r *Route) UseOnce(handlers ...context.Handler) {
r.beginHandlers = context.UpsertHandlers(r.beginHandlers, handlers)
}
// RemoveHandler deletes a handler from begin, main and done handlers
// based on its name or the handler pc function.
// Returns the total amount of handlers removed.
//
// Should be called before Application Build.
func (r *Route) RemoveHandler(namesOrHandlers ...interface{}) (count int) {
for _, nameOrHandler := range namesOrHandlers {
handlerName := ""
switch h := nameOrHandler.(type) {
case string:
handlerName = h
case context.Handler: //, func(*context.Context):
handlerName = context.HandlerName(h)
default:
panic(fmt.Sprintf("remove handler: unexpected type of %T", h))
}
r.beginHandlers = removeHandler(handlerName, r.beginHandlers, &count)
r.Handlers = removeHandler(handlerName, r.Handlers, &count)
r.doneHandlers = removeHandler(handlerName, r.doneHandlers, &count)
}
return
}
func removeHandler(handlerName string, handlers context.Handlers, counter *int) (newHandlers context.Handlers) {
for _, h := range handlers {
if h == nil {
continue
}
if context.HandlerName(h) == handlerName {
if counter != nil {
*counter++
}
continue
}
newHandlers = append(newHandlers, h)
}
return
}
// Done adds explicit finish handlers to this route.
// Alternatively the end-dev can append to the `Handlers` field.
// Should be used before the `BuildHandlers` which is
// called by the framework itself on `Application#Run` (build state).
//
// Used internally at `APIBuilder#DoneGlobal` -> `doneGlobalHandlers` -> `APIBuilder#Handle`.
func (r *Route) Done(handlers ...context.Handler) {
if len(handlers) == 0 {
return
}
r.doneHandlers = append(r.doneHandlers, handlers...)
}
// ChangeMethod will try to change the HTTP Method of this route instance.
// A call of `RefreshRouter` is required after this type of change in order to change to be really applied.
func (r *Route) ChangeMethod(newMethod string) bool {
if newMethod != r.Method {
r.methodBckp = r.Method
r.Method = newMethod
return true
}
return false
}
// SetStatusOffline will try make this route unavailable.
// A call of `RefreshRouter` is required after this type of change in order to change to be really applied.
func (r *Route) SetStatusOffline() bool {
return r.ChangeMethod(MethodNone)
}
// Describe sets the route's description
// that will be logged alongside with the route information
// in DEBUG log level.
// Returns the `Route` itself.
func (r *Route) Describe(description string) *Route {
r.Description = description
return r
}
// SetSourceLine sets the route's source caller, useful for debugging.
// Returns the `Route` itself.
func (r *Route) SetSourceLine(fileName string, lineNumber int) *Route {
r.SourceFileName = fileName
r.SourceLineNumber = lineNumber
return r
}
// RestoreStatus will try to restore the status of this route instance, i.e if `SetStatusOffline` called on a "GET" route,
// then this function will make this route available with "GET" HTTP Method.
// Note if that you want to set status online for an offline registered route then you should call the `ChangeMethod` instead.
// It will return true if the status restored, otherwise false.
// A call of `RefreshRouter` is required after this type of change in order to change to be really applied.
func (r *Route) RestoreStatus() bool {
return r.ChangeMethod(r.methodBckp)
}
// BuildHandlers is executed automatically by the router handler
// at the `Application#Build` state. Do not call it manually, unless
// you were defined your own request mux handler.
func (r *Route) BuildHandlers() {
if r.OnBuild != nil {
r.OnBuild(r)
}
// prepend begin handlers.
r.Handlers = append(r.builtinBeginHandlers, append(r.beginHandlers, r.Handlers...)...)
// append done handlers.
r.Handlers = append(r.Handlers, r.doneHandlers...)
// reset the temp storage, so a second call of
// BuildHandlers will not re-add them (i.e RefreshRouter).
r.builtinBeginHandlers = r.builtinBeginHandlers[0:0]
r.beginHandlers = r.beginHandlers[0:0]
r.doneHandlers = r.doneHandlers[0:0]
}
// String returns the form of METHOD, SUBDOMAIN, TMPL PATH.
func (r *Route) String() string {
start := r.GetTitle()
// if r.StatusCode > 0 {
// start = fmt.Sprintf("%d (%s)", r.StatusCode, http.StatusText(r.StatusCode))
// }
return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s%s",
start, r.Subdomain, r.Tmpl().Src)
}
// Equal compares the method, subdomain and the
// underline representation of the route's path,
// instead of the `String` function which returns the front representation.
func (r *Route) Equal(other *Route) bool {
return r.StatusCode == other.StatusCode && r.Method == other.Method && r.Subdomain == other.Subdomain && r.Path == other.Path
}
// DeepEqual compares the method, subdomain, the
// underline representation of the route's path,
// and the template source.
func (r *Route) DeepEqual(other *Route) bool {
return r.Equal(other) && r.tmpl.Src == other.tmpl.Src
}
// SetName overrides the default route name which defaults to
// method + subdomain + path and
// statusErrorCode_method+subdomain+path for error routes.
//
// Note that the route name MUST BE unique per Iris Application.
func (r *Route) SetName(newRouteName string) *Route {
r.Name = newRouteName
return r
}
// ExcludeSitemap excludes this route page from sitemap generator.
// It sets the NoSitemap field to true.
//
// See `SetLastMod`, `SetChangeFreq`, `SetPriority` methods
// and `iris.WithSitemap`.
func (r *Route) ExcludeSitemap() *Route {
r.NoSitemap = true
return r
}
// SetLastMod sets the date of last modification of the file served by this static GET route.
func (r *Route) SetLastMod(t time.Time) *Route {
r.LastMod = t
return r
}
// SetChangeFreq sets how frequently this static GET route's page is likely to change,
// possible values:
// - "always"
// - "hourly"
// - "daily"
// - "weekly"
// - "monthly"
// - "yearly"
// - "never"
func (r *Route) SetChangeFreq(freq string) *Route {
r.ChangeFreq = freq
return r
}
// SetPriority sets the priority of this static GET route's URL relative to other URLs on your site.
func (r *Route) SetPriority(prio float32) *Route {
r.Priority = prio
return r
}
// Tmpl returns the path template,
// it contains the parsed template
// for the route's path.
// May contain zero named parameters.
//
// Developer can get his registered path
// via Tmpl().Src, Route.Path is the path
// converted to match the underline router's specs.
func (r *Route) Tmpl() macro.Template {
return r.tmpl
}
// RegisteredHandlersLen returns the end-developer's registered handlers, all except the macro evaluator handler
// if was required by the build process.
func (r *Route) RegisteredHandlersLen() int {
n := len(r.Handlers)
if handler.CanMakeHandler(r.tmpl) {
n--
}
return n
}
// IsOnline returns true if the route is marked as "online" (state).
func (r *Route) IsOnline() bool {
return r.Method != MethodNone
}
// formats the parsed to the underline path syntax.
// path = "/api/users/:id"
// return "/api/users/%v"
//
// path = "/files/*file"
// return /files/%v
//
// path = "/:username/messages/:messageid"
// return "/%v/messages/%v"
// we don't care about performance here, it's prelisten.
func formatPath(path string) string {
if strings.Contains(path, ParamStart) || strings.Contains(path, WildcardParamStart) {
var (
startRune = ParamStart[0]
wildcardStartRune = WildcardParamStart[0]
)
var formattedParts []string
parts := strings.Split(path, "/")
for _, part := range parts {
if part == "" {
continue
}
if part[0] == startRune || part[0] == wildcardStartRune {
// is param or wildcard param
part = "%v"
}
formattedParts = append(formattedParts, part)
}
return "/" + strings.Join(formattedParts, "/")
}
// the whole path is static just return it
return path
}
// IsStatic reports whether this route is a static route.
// Does not contain dynamic path parameters,
// is online and registered on GET HTTP Method.
func (r *Route) IsStatic() bool {
return r.IsOnline() && len(r.Tmpl().Params) == 0 && r.Method == "GET"
}
// StaticPath returns the static part of the original, registered route path.
// if /user/{id} it will return /user
// if /user/{id}/friend/{friendid:uint64} it will return /user too
// if /assets/{filepath:path} it will return /assets.
func (r *Route) StaticPath() string {
src := r.tmpl.Src
return staticPath(src)
}
// ResolvePath returns the formatted path's %v replaced with the args.
func (r *Route) ResolvePath(args ...string) string {
rpath, formattedPath := r.Path, r.FormattedPath
if rpath == formattedPath {
// static, no need to pass args
return rpath
}
// check if we have /*, if yes then join all arguments to one as path and pass that as parameter
if rpath[len(rpath)-1] == WildcardParamStart[0] {
parameter := strings.Join(args, "/")
return fmt.Sprintf(formattedPath, parameter)
}
// else return the formattedPath with its args,
// the order matters.
for _, s := range args {
formattedPath = strings.Replace(formattedPath, "%v", s, 1)
}
return formattedPath
}
func traceHandlerFile(title, name, line string, number int) string {
file := fmt.Sprintf("(%s:%d)", filepath.ToSlash(line), number)
if context.IgnoreHandlerName(name) {
return ""
}
space := strings.Repeat(" ", len(title)+1)
return fmt.Sprintf("\n%s %s %s", space, name, file)
}
var methodColors = map[string]int{
http.MethodGet: pio.Green,
http.MethodPost: pio.Magenta,
http.MethodPut: pio.Blue,
http.MethodDelete: pio.Red,
http.MethodConnect: pio.Green,
http.MethodHead: 23,
http.MethodPatch: pio.Blue,
http.MethodOptions: pio.Gray,
http.MethodTrace: pio.Yellow,
MethodNone: 203, // orange-red.
}
// TraceTitleColorCode returns the color code depending on the method or the status.
func TraceTitleColorCode(method string) int {
if color, ok := methodColors[method]; ok {
return color
}
return 131 // for error handlers, of "ERROR [%STATUSCODE]"
}
// GetTitle returns the custom Title or the method or the error code.
func (r *Route) GetTitle() string {
title := r.Title
if title == "" {
if r.StatusCode > 0 {
title = fmt.Sprintf("%d", r.StatusCode) // if error code then title is the status code, e.g. 400.
} else {
title = r.Method // else is its method, e.g. GET
}
}
return title
}
// Trace prints some debug info about the Route to the "w".
// Should be called after `Build` state.
//
// It prints the @method: @path (@description) (@route_rel_location)
// - @handler_name (@handler_rel_location)
// - @second_handler ...
//
// If route and handler line:number locations are equal then the second is ignored.
func (r *Route) Trace(w io.Writer, stoppedIndex int) {
title := r.GetTitle()
// Color the method.
color := TraceTitleColorCode(title)
// @method: @path
// space := strings.Repeat(" ", len(http.MethodConnect)-len(method))
// s := fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", pio.Rich(title, color), path)
pio.WriteRich(w, title, color)
path := r.tmpl.Src
if path == "" {
path = "/"
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, ": %s", path)
// (@description)
description := r.Description
if description == "" {
if title == MethodNone {
description = "offline"
}
if subdomain := r.Subdomain; subdomain != "" {
if subdomain == "*." { // wildcard.
subdomain = "subdomain"
}
if description == "offline" {
description += ", "
}
description += subdomain
}
}
if description != "" {
// s += fmt.Sprintf(" %s", pio.Rich(description, pio.Cyan, pio.Underline))
fmt.Fprint(w, " ")
pio.WriteRich(w, description, pio.Cyan, pio.Underline)
}
// (@route_rel_location)
// s += fmt.Sprintf(" (%s:%d)", r.RegisterFileName, r.RegisterLineNumber)
fmt.Fprintf(w, " (%s:%d)", r.RegisterFileName, r.RegisterLineNumber)
for i, h := range r.Handlers {
var (
name string
file string
line int
)
if i == r.MainHandlerIndex && r.MainHandlerName != "" {
// Main handler info can be programmatically
// changed to be more specific, respect these changes.
name = r.MainHandlerName
file = r.SourceFileName
line = r.SourceLineNumber
} else {
name = context.HandlerName(h)
file, line = context.HandlerFileLineRel(h)
// If a middleware, e.g (macro) which changes the main handler index,
// skip it.
// TODO: think of it.
if file == "<autogenerated>" {
// At PartyConfigure, 2nd+ level of routes it will get <autogenerated> but in reallity will be the same as the caller.
file = r.RegisterFileName
line = r.RegisterLineNumber
}
if file == r.SourceFileName && line == r.SourceLineNumber {
continue
}
}
// If a handler is an anonymous function then it was already
// printed in the first line, skip it.
if file == r.RegisterFileName && line == r.RegisterLineNumber {
continue
}
// * @handler_name (@handler_rel_location)
fmt.Fprint(w, traceHandlerFile(title, name, file, line))
if stoppedIndex != -1 && stoppedIndex <= len(r.Handlers) {
if i <= stoppedIndex {
pio.WriteRich(w, " ", pio.Green)
// } else {
// pio.WriteRich(w, " ", pio.Red, pio.Underline)
}
}
}
fmt.Fprintln(w)
if r.overlappedLink != nil {
bckpDesc := r.overlappedLink.Description
r.overlappedLink.Description += " (overlapped)"
r.overlappedLink.Trace(w, -1)
r.overlappedLink.Description = bckpDesc
}
}
type routeReadOnlyWrapper struct {
*Route
}
var _ context.RouteReadOnly = routeReadOnlyWrapper{}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) StatusErrorCode() int {
return rd.Route.StatusCode
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) Method() string {
return rd.Route.Method
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) Name() string {
return rd.Route.Name
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) Subdomain() string {
return rd.Route.Subdomain
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) Path() string {
return rd.Route.tmpl.Src
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) Trace(w io.Writer, stoppedIndex int) {
rd.Route.Trace(w, stoppedIndex)
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) Tmpl() macro.Template {
return rd.Route.Tmpl()
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) MainHandlerName() string {
return rd.Route.MainHandlerName
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) MainHandlerIndex() int {
return rd.Route.MainHandlerIndex
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) Property(key string) (interface{}, bool) {
properties := rd.Route.Party.Properties()
if properties != nil {
if property, ok := properties[key]; ok {
return property, true
}
}
return nil, false
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) GetLastMod() time.Time {
return rd.Route.LastMod
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) GetChangeFreq() string {
return rd.Route.ChangeFreq
}
func (rd routeReadOnlyWrapper) GetPriority() float32 {
return rd.Route.Priority
}
``` |
San Agustín Tlacotepec is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 79.1 km².
It is part of the Tlaxiaco District in the south of the Mixteca Region.
As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 876.
References
Municipalities of Oaxaca |
Ryan King (born 28 June 1997) is a Italy international rugby league footballer who last played as a for Whitehaven RLFC in the Betfred Championship.
Background
King was born in Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. He is of Italian descent.
He played junior rugby league for Wests Illawarra Devils.
Playing career
Club career
King joined the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in 2017 and played for their NRL Under-20s team.
Ryan King played in 26 games, and scored 14 tries for Whitehaven in the 2022 RFL Championship.
International career
In 2022 King was named in the Italy squad for the 2021 Rugby League World Cup.
References
External links
Italy profile
1997 births
Living people
Australian rugby league players
Australian people of Italian descent
Sportspeople of Italian descent
Halifax R.L.F.C. players
Italy national rugby league team players
Italy national rugby league team captains
Rugby league players from Wollongong
Rugby league second-rows
Whitehaven R.L.F.C. players |
```python
# coding: utf-8
"""
Kubernetes
No description provided (generated by Openapi Generator path_to_url # noqa: E501
The version of the OpenAPI document: release-1.30
Generated by: path_to_url
"""
import pprint
import re # noqa: F401
import six
from kubernetes.client.configuration import Configuration
class V1DaemonSetCondition(object):
"""NOTE: This class is auto generated by OpenAPI Generator.
Ref: path_to_url
Do not edit the class manually.
"""
"""
Attributes:
openapi_types (dict): The key is attribute name
and the value is attribute type.
attribute_map (dict): The key is attribute name
and the value is json key in definition.
"""
openapi_types = {
'last_transition_time': 'datetime',
'message': 'str',
'reason': 'str',
'status': 'str',
'type': 'str'
}
attribute_map = {
'last_transition_time': 'lastTransitionTime',
'message': 'message',
'reason': 'reason',
'status': 'status',
'type': 'type'
}
def __init__(self, last_transition_time=None, message=None, reason=None, status=None, type=None, local_vars_configuration=None): # noqa: E501
"""V1DaemonSetCondition - a model defined in OpenAPI""" # noqa: E501
if local_vars_configuration is None:
local_vars_configuration = Configuration()
self.local_vars_configuration = local_vars_configuration
self._last_transition_time = None
self._message = None
self._reason = None
self._status = None
self._type = None
self.discriminator = None
if last_transition_time is not None:
self.last_transition_time = last_transition_time
if message is not None:
self.message = message
if reason is not None:
self.reason = reason
self.status = status
self.type = type
@property
def last_transition_time(self):
"""Gets the last_transition_time of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
Last time the condition transitioned from one status to another. # noqa: E501
:return: The last_transition_time of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
:rtype: datetime
"""
return self._last_transition_time
@last_transition_time.setter
def last_transition_time(self, last_transition_time):
"""Sets the last_transition_time of this V1DaemonSetCondition.
Last time the condition transitioned from one status to another. # noqa: E501
:param last_transition_time: The last_transition_time of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
:type: datetime
"""
self._last_transition_time = last_transition_time
@property
def message(self):
"""Gets the message of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
A human readable message indicating details about the transition. # noqa: E501
:return: The message of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
:rtype: str
"""
return self._message
@message.setter
def message(self, message):
"""Sets the message of this V1DaemonSetCondition.
A human readable message indicating details about the transition. # noqa: E501
:param message: The message of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
:type: str
"""
self._message = message
@property
def reason(self):
"""Gets the reason of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
The reason for the condition's last transition. # noqa: E501
:return: The reason of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
:rtype: str
"""
return self._reason
@reason.setter
def reason(self, reason):
"""Sets the reason of this V1DaemonSetCondition.
The reason for the condition's last transition. # noqa: E501
:param reason: The reason of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
:type: str
"""
self._reason = reason
@property
def status(self):
"""Gets the status of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
Status of the condition, one of True, False, Unknown. # noqa: E501
:return: The status of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
:rtype: str
"""
return self._status
@status.setter
def status(self, status):
"""Sets the status of this V1DaemonSetCondition.
Status of the condition, one of True, False, Unknown. # noqa: E501
:param status: The status of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
:type: str
"""
if self.local_vars_configuration.client_side_validation and status is None: # noqa: E501
raise ValueError("Invalid value for `status`, must not be `None`") # noqa: E501
self._status = status
@property
def type(self):
"""Gets the type of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
Type of DaemonSet condition. # noqa: E501
:return: The type of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
:rtype: str
"""
return self._type
@type.setter
def type(self, type):
"""Sets the type of this V1DaemonSetCondition.
Type of DaemonSet condition. # noqa: E501
:param type: The type of this V1DaemonSetCondition. # noqa: E501
:type: str
"""
if self.local_vars_configuration.client_side_validation and type is None: # noqa: E501
raise ValueError("Invalid value for `type`, must not be `None`") # noqa: E501
self._type = type
def to_dict(self):
"""Returns the model properties as a dict"""
result = {}
for attr, _ in six.iteritems(self.openapi_types):
value = getattr(self, attr)
if isinstance(value, list):
result[attr] = list(map(
lambda x: x.to_dict() if hasattr(x, "to_dict") else x,
value
))
elif hasattr(value, "to_dict"):
result[attr] = value.to_dict()
elif isinstance(value, dict):
result[attr] = dict(map(
lambda item: (item[0], item[1].to_dict())
if hasattr(item[1], "to_dict") else item,
value.items()
))
else:
result[attr] = value
return result
def to_str(self):
"""Returns the string representation of the model"""
return pprint.pformat(self.to_dict())
def __repr__(self):
"""For `print` and `pprint`"""
return self.to_str()
def __eq__(self, other):
"""Returns true if both objects are equal"""
if not isinstance(other, V1DaemonSetCondition):
return False
return self.to_dict() == other.to_dict()
def __ne__(self, other):
"""Returns true if both objects are not equal"""
if not isinstance(other, V1DaemonSetCondition):
return True
return self.to_dict() != other.to_dict()
``` |
The London Underground 1992 Stock is a type of rolling stock used on the Central and Waterloo & City lines of the London Underground. A total of 85 eight-car trains were built for the Central line and 5 four-car trains were built for the Waterloo & City line.
Construction
The 1992 Stock was built by British Rail Engineering Limited (BREL) (under ABB) for the Central line following extensive testing of the three 1986 tube stock prototype trains. Even so, the introduction of this stock was far from trouble-free and there were many technical teething problems that had to be ironed out.
Eighty-five 8-car trains were ordered from BREL, each formed of four two-car units (two units had driving cabs, the others were fitted with shunting controls). Upon entering service in April 1993, the new trains gradually replaced the previous 1962 tube stock, which was completely withdrawn two years later. The trains were manufactured at the Derby Litchurch Lane Works.
The propulsion for the trains was manufactured by a consortium of ABB and Brush Traction, and was one of the first examples of microprocessor-controlled traction featuring a fibre-optic network to connect the different control units. The DC traction motors of LT130 type have separately-excited fields and are controlled via GTO (Gate turn-off) thyristors.
A wheel slide protection (WSP) system had to be retrofitted due to the fleet suffering an epidemic problem of wheel flats. This was largely due to an excessive number of emergency brake applications caused during the ATO/ATP testing phases.
The 1992 stock's design is reminiscent of the 1986 prototypes. The new 2009 stock trains, built by Bombardier Transport for the Victoria line, are more like the 1992 stock in shape and design than the 1995/1996 stock.
Waterloo & City line sets
After the initial construction run, an additional ten two-car units were built for British Rail for the Waterloo & City line, which at the time was part of the national railway network. The trains were designated as Class 482 until 1 April 1994, when the operation of the line and the trains were transferred to London Underground and the trains were simply referred to as 1992 Stock. The vehicles are essentially identical to those used on the Central line; the main difference being that trip-cocks are used for protection instead of ATO/ATP.
Transport for London and Metronet closed the Waterloo & City line for five months from April to September 2006 to allow major upgrade work on the tunnels and rolling stock. The line's limited access meant that this was the first time that the units had been brought above ground since their introduction 12 years earlier. The refurbishment of the trains saw them painted in the London Underground white, red and blue livery in place of the Network SouthEast colours used since the stock's introduction.
Operation
The 1992 Stock features both automatic train operation (ATO) and automatic train protection (ATP) which effectively allow the trains to drive themselves. The ATO is responsible for operating the train whilst the ATP detects electronic codes in the track and feeds them to the cab, displaying the target speed limits. This functionality is configured via a master switch in the driver's cab which can be set to one of three positions: Automatic, Coded Manual and Restricted Manual.
In Automatic mode the ATO and ATP are both fully operational. The driver is only required to open and close the doors and press a pair of "Start" buttons when the train is ready to depart. The driver is then tasked with overseeing the operation of the system and can intervene at any time. The ATO controls the train to the desired target speed, whilst the ATP is ready to apply the emergency brakes if the Maximum Safe Speed is exceeded. However, it is not communications-based train control found on the other lines.
In Coded Manual mode, the ATO is disabled and the driver operates the train manually, however, the ATP is still detecting the codes in the track and restricting the driver's actions. The speedometer on 1992 stock is of the horizontal strip design showing two speeds: the Current Speed in green, indicating the speed at which the train is actually travelling, and the Target Speed indicating the speed at which the train should be travelling. Although the target speed is always active whilst running in Automatic or Coded Manual mode, in the latter mode a change in the target speed is indicated with an upwards or downwards tone depending on whether the target speed is increasing or decreasing. Should the driver exceed the target speed, an alarm sounds and the emergency brakes are automatically applied until the train is below the target speed; the alarm then stops, for example if the target speed is 30 mph and the driver is going at 35 mph the emergency brakes will slow the train down to 29 mph.
In Restricted Manual mode, the train cannot exceed and the motors automatically cut out at . The ATO and ATP are both disabled and the driver operates the train entirely by sight and according to the signals. This mode is used when there has been an ATP or signal failure, or in a depot where ATP is not used, e.g. West Ruislip and Hainault depots. On the main line, driving in ATO is the same for a train driver as driving through a section where signals have failed.
Announcer system
The 1992 Stock was the first of its type on the Underground to have a DVA (Digital Voice Announcer) from new. Until 2003, the DVA was voiced by then BBC journalist and presenter Janet Mayo.
Since 2003, voice artist Emma Clarke has provided recordings for the 1992 Stock DVA. The new announcer system also includes next station announcements, which the original system did not include. By 2009, the announcements changed to address other lines that are possible to interchange in alphabetical order. Clarke continues to voice the line's announcements to this day, however recent additions to the system including updated interchange information have been voiced by Sarah Parnell.
In January 2018, the announcements were again revised for certain stations, to include new lines and connections (such as London Overground, TfL Rail and the construction of station) that did not exist in 2003.
Chancery Lane derailment
On 25 January 2003 a 1992 Stock train with approximately 500 people on board train derailed as it entered Chancery Lane station on the westbound line. The derailment resulted in one door being ripped off and a number of broken windows. 32 passengers received minor injuries.
The cause of the derailment was determined to be the detachment of the rearmost traction motor on the fifth car, caused by a gearbox failure. The traction motor was then struck by the remainder of the train as it passed over it, causing the following bogies to derail.
The entire 1992 Stock fleet was withdrawn from service the same afternoon, and the Central and Waterloo & City lines were closed for several weeks until modifications were made. This included fitting new traction-motor bolts and secondary brackets to prevent a loose motor from striking the track and causing further damage. The lines re-opened in stages from 14 March 2003.
Refurbishment
Central line units
From 2011 to 2012, the Central line 1992 Stock units underwent a refresh of both the interior and exterior. Some of the noticeable changes included the addition of the new "Barman" seat moquette, new brighter interior lighting and the installation of new window frames. The front of the driving cabs were also refreshed. This included repairing water ingress and replacing a large number of parts with a much simpler design, saving costs on future work and cleaning up the appearance of the front end. The new-style front end can be easily identified by the new red panelling installed on most units instead of the original grey. The refresh came after nearly twenty years of continuous service on the Central line.
TfL is planning a major refurbishment on the Central line units as part of the Central Line Improvement Programme(CLIP). This includes a complete overhaul of the interior and adding new features such as new wheelchair spaces, PIS (Passenger Information Screens) and CCTV installed throughout the train. The London Underground corporate livery will also be repainted on these units as well as the replacement of the current traction motors. Work started in 2019 and has been shown to be heavily delayed for health and financial reasons. A test train was spotted in March 2022. Interior compenents are known to be working as of 26 April 2022.
Waterloo & City line units
In 2006, the Waterloo & City line was closed for several months to allow for track and signalling upgrade works. During this period, the 1992 Stock units in use on the line were removed by crane from Waterloo depot and taken by road to Wabtec Rail in Doncaster for refurbishment. External changes included repainting the trains, which were still in Network SouthEast livery, into London Underground's corporate livery. Internally, the handrails were repainted from Central line red to Waterloo & City line turquoise, new seat moquette was fitted and CCTV cameras were installed. Later, the units received the new "Barman" moquette fitted to the Central line units, but not the new lighting, window frames or front end.
Future replacement
In October 2014, it was announced that the 1992 stock would be replaced by a new semi-articulated model referred to as the New Tube for London (NTfL). This has since slipped to 2025. While a cancellation or deferring was never officially announced, it has been implied that the initial order is now only for replacing the 1973 Stock on the Piccadilly line. TfL still has plans on replacing the 1992 Stock on the Central and Waterloo & City lines as well as the 1972 Stock found on the Bakerloo line with NTfL or a future model, but due to a lack of funding, it has been deferred to an unspecified date further in the future. Should a long-term funding deal with the UK Government be made, this may happen sooner. The refurbishment may have delayed said order.
References
External links
1992 Tube Stock specifications (TfL)
1992 Tube Stock - Squarewheels.org.uk
1992
BREL products
Train-related introductions in 1993
ABB multiple units
750 V DC railway electrification |
```objective-c
/*
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
* to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
* the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
* and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
* Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) OR AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
* OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
* ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
* OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*
* Authors: Christian Knig
*/
#ifndef __AMDGPU_RES_CURSOR_H__
#define __AMDGPU_RES_CURSOR_H__
#include <drm/drm_mm.h>
#include <drm/ttm/ttm_resource.h>
#include <drm/ttm/ttm_range_manager.h>
#include "amdgpu_vram_mgr.h"
/* state back for walking over vram_mgr and gtt_mgr allocations */
struct amdgpu_res_cursor {
uint64_t start;
uint64_t size;
uint64_t remaining;
void *node;
uint32_t mem_type;
};
/**
* amdgpu_res_first - initialize a amdgpu_res_cursor
*
* @res: TTM resource object to walk
* @start: Start of the range
* @size: Size of the range
* @cur: cursor object to initialize
*
* Start walking over the range of allocations between @start and @size.
*/
static inline void amdgpu_res_first(struct ttm_resource *res,
uint64_t start, uint64_t size,
struct amdgpu_res_cursor *cur)
{
struct drm_buddy_block *block;
struct list_head *head, *next;
struct drm_mm_node *node;
if (!res)
goto fallback;
BUG_ON(start + size > res->size);
cur->mem_type = res->mem_type;
switch (cur->mem_type) {
case TTM_PL_VRAM:
head = &to_amdgpu_vram_mgr_resource(res)->blocks;
block = list_first_entry_or_null(head,
struct drm_buddy_block,
link);
if (!block)
goto fallback;
while (start >= amdgpu_vram_mgr_block_size(block)) {
start -= amdgpu_vram_mgr_block_size(block);
next = block->link.next;
if (next != head)
block = list_entry(next, struct drm_buddy_block, link);
}
cur->start = amdgpu_vram_mgr_block_start(block) + start;
cur->size = min(amdgpu_vram_mgr_block_size(block) - start, size);
cur->remaining = size;
cur->node = block;
break;
case TTM_PL_TT:
case AMDGPU_PL_DOORBELL:
node = to_ttm_range_mgr_node(res)->mm_nodes;
while (start >= node->size << PAGE_SHIFT)
start -= node++->size << PAGE_SHIFT;
cur->start = (node->start << PAGE_SHIFT) + start;
cur->size = min((node->size << PAGE_SHIFT) - start, size);
cur->remaining = size;
cur->node = node;
break;
default:
goto fallback;
}
return;
fallback:
cur->start = start;
cur->size = size;
cur->remaining = size;
cur->node = NULL;
WARN_ON(res && start + size > res->size);
return;
}
/**
* amdgpu_res_next - advance the cursor
*
* @cur: the cursor to advance
* @size: number of bytes to move forward
*
* Move the cursor @size bytes forwrad, walking to the next node if necessary.
*/
static inline void amdgpu_res_next(struct amdgpu_res_cursor *cur, uint64_t size)
{
struct drm_buddy_block *block;
struct drm_mm_node *node;
struct list_head *next;
BUG_ON(size > cur->remaining);
cur->remaining -= size;
if (!cur->remaining)
return;
cur->size -= size;
if (cur->size) {
cur->start += size;
return;
}
switch (cur->mem_type) {
case TTM_PL_VRAM:
block = cur->node;
next = block->link.next;
block = list_entry(next, struct drm_buddy_block, link);
cur->node = block;
cur->start = amdgpu_vram_mgr_block_start(block);
cur->size = min(amdgpu_vram_mgr_block_size(block), cur->remaining);
break;
case TTM_PL_TT:
case AMDGPU_PL_DOORBELL:
node = cur->node;
cur->node = ++node;
cur->start = node->start << PAGE_SHIFT;
cur->size = min(node->size << PAGE_SHIFT, cur->remaining);
break;
default:
return;
}
}
#endif
``` |
```python
import onnx
from onnx import helper, TensorProto
INPUT_1 = helper.make_tensor_value_info('input1', TensorProto.INT8, [1])
OUTPUT = helper.make_tensor_value_info('output', TensorProto.FLOAT, [1])
nodes = [
helper.make_node(
'Cast',
['input1'],
['output'],
to=TensorProto.FLOAT
),
]
graph_def = helper.make_graph(
nodes,
'cast',
[INPUT_1],
[OUTPUT],
)
model_def = helper.make_model(graph_def, producer_name='cast_int8_float.py', opset_imports=[onnx.OperatorSetIdProto(version=12)])
onnx.save(model_def, 'cast_int8_float.onnx')
``` |
Snuella is a genus of bacteria from the family of Flavobacteriaceae.
References
Flavobacteria
Bacteria genera
Taxa described in 2011 |
Alexis Kirk (29 December 1936 – 17 May 2010) was an American jewelry designer who also designed clothing and fashion accessories.
Early life
Kirk, although born in Los Angeles, and brought up in New England, self-identified as Armenian. His father, Paul Kirk, was an artist for Walt Disney, and his grandfather, Charles Vemyan, worked as a glass craftsman for René Lalique. Some of Alexis's grandfather's jewelry is reportedly preserved in the Topkapi Palace in Istanbul.
Alexis Kirk studied art under Walter Gropius at Harvard University, and also attended the Rhode Island School of Design before becoming a lecturer in painting, sculpture and music at the University of Tennessee.
Jewelry
Alexis Kirk's first design, which he personally wore, was a collar of Islamic glass beads and assorted charms, typical of his early work which featured amulets and symbols drawn from cultures and religions around the world, including the hamsa, Indian Paisley motifs, and Chinese fish. Kirk was very superstitious, with a strong interest in the occult and spirituality, which was reflected in his work. He started out with a small studio in Newport, Tennessee, selling jewelry to clients such as the Senator's wife. This led to a contract to design a budget-priced line of jewelry for the Hattie Carnegie company, which was a commercial failure. Following this, Kirk decided to move to New York to set up business there.
His first jewelry collection won him a Coty American Fashion Critics' Award. The following year in 1971, he diversified into clothing design, designing garments as a backdrop to his jewelry. His first fashion collection was based upon medieval designs, with tunics over hooded metallic bodystockings suggesting chainmail.
His work, in addition to spiritual, occult, and ethnic influences, used materials such as exotic woods, pewter and plastic alongside more traditional metals and stones in silhouettes based upon organic human and animal forms. The Duchess of Windsor, who said "I am absolutely fascinated by fake jewellery[...]; I think it is so good", owned a number of pieces by Kirk made from cork, wood, feathers, faux lapis lazuli and gilt metal. Kirk's work was always designed on a large scale, the designer favouring sculptural designs in striking shapes and materials which made a statement.
Kirk continued designing through the 1980s, specialising in accessories and belts. In 1988 he received an award from the Dallas Fashion Awards.
His famous clients, alongside the Duchess of Windsor, included Cher and Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. Kirk's elephant themed designs, made since 1972, were worn during the 1980s by the wives of Republican leaders, Nancy Reagan and Barbara Bush, although the designer was a registered Democrat.
Before his death, Kirk was the owner of a retail organization called Dream Diamonds Online.
Personal life
Kirk married Hope Sands, a client's daughter, in 1971, with whom he had two daughters, Lisa and Alexia. They were divorced in 1973. He died on 17 May 2010.
Filmography
References
American jewelry designers
American fashion designers
1936 births
2010 deaths
People from Newport, Tennessee
Harvard Graduate School of Design alumni
Rhode Island School of Design alumni
American people of Armenian descent |
Zola is a crater on Mercury. The crater was named after the French novelist and playwright Émile Zola by the IAU in 1979.
Bright areas on the central peak complex of Zola may be hollows.
Zola is located to the northeast of the Caloris basin. The crater Nervo is to the south, Brahms is to the north, and Mansur is to the east. The small crater Ailey is to the southwest.
References
Impact craters on Mercury |
The LaBranche Fishing Camp (also known as Estes Fishing Camp) is a historic site in Islamorada, Florida, United States. On May 9, 1997, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
The former marina is located on Whale Harbor Channel, a waterway which separates Windley Key from Upper Matecumbe Key. Boats from the fish camp could easily access the Atlantic Ocean to the south or Florida Bay to the north. No public access is available. The marina business is closed, and the site now serves as dockage for patrol vessels from local marine law enforcement agencies, primarily the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. The former Estes Fish Camp is located on the north side of U.S. 1, across the highway from Holiday Isle Resort and Marina.
References
External links
Monroe County listings at National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places in Monroe County, Florida |
```objective-c
/*
This file is part of melonDS.
melonDS is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
any later version.
melonDS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
with melonDS. If not, see path_to_url
*/
#ifndef WIFI_H
#define WIFI_H
#include "Savestate.h"
namespace melonDS
{
class WifiAP;
class NDS;
class Wifi
{
public:
enum
{
W_ID = 0x000,
W_ModeReset = 0x004,
W_ModeWEP = 0x006,
W_TXStatCnt = 0x008,
W_IF = 0x010,
W_IE = 0x012,
W_MACAddr0 = 0x018,
W_MACAddr1 = 0x01A,
W_MACAddr2 = 0x01C,
W_BSSID0 = 0x020,
W_BSSID1 = 0x022,
W_BSSID2 = 0x024,
W_AIDLow = 0x028,
W_AIDFull = 0x02A,
W_TXRetryLimit = 0x02C,
W_RXCnt = 0x030,
W_WEPCnt = 0x032,
W_TRXPower = 0x034,
W_PowerUS = 0x036,
W_PowerTX = 0x038,
W_PowerState = 0x03C,
W_PowerForce = 0x040,
W_PowerDownCtrl = 0x48,
W_Random = 0x044,
W_RXBufBegin = 0x050,
W_RXBufEnd = 0x052,
W_RXBufWriteCursor = 0x054,
W_RXBufWriteAddr = 0x056,
W_RXBufReadAddr = 0x058,
W_RXBufReadCursor = 0x05A,
W_RXBufCount = 0x05C,
W_RXBufDataRead = 0x060,
W_RXBufGapAddr = 0x062,
W_RXBufGapSize = 0x064,
W_TXBufWriteAddr = 0x068,
W_TXBufCount = 0x06C,
W_TXBufDataWrite = 0x070,
W_TXBufGapAddr = 0x074,
W_TXBufGapSize = 0x076,
W_TXSlotBeacon = 0x080,
W_TXBeaconTIM = 0x084,
W_ListenCount = 0x088,
W_BeaconInterval = 0x08C,
W_ListenInterval = 0x08E,
W_TXSlotCmd = 0x090,
W_TXSlotReply1 = 0x094,
W_TXSlotReply2 = 0x098,
W_TXSlotLoc1 = 0x0A0,
W_TXSlotLoc2 = 0x0A4,
W_TXSlotLoc3 = 0x0A8,
W_TXReqReset = 0x0AC,
W_TXReqSet = 0x0AE,
W_TXReqRead = 0x0B0,
W_TXSlotReset = 0x0B4,
W_TXBusy = 0x0B6,
W_TXStat = 0x0B8,
W_Preamble = 0x0BC,
W_CmdTotalTime = 0x0C0,
W_CmdReplyTime = 0x0C4,
W_RXFilter = 0x0D0,
W_RXLenCrop = 0x0DA,
W_RXFilter2 = 0x0E0,
W_USCountCnt = 0x0E8,
W_USCompareCnt = 0x0EA,
W_CmdCountCnt = 0x0EE,
W_USCount0 = 0x0F8,
W_USCount1 = 0x0FA,
W_USCount2 = 0x0FC,
W_USCount3 = 0x0FE,
W_USCompare0 = 0x0F0,
W_USCompare1 = 0x0F2,
W_USCompare2 = 0x0F4,
W_USCompare3 = 0x0F6,
W_ContentFree = 0x10C,
W_PreBeacon = 0x110,
W_CmdCount = 0x118,
W_BeaconCount1 = 0x11C,
W_BeaconCount2 = 0x134,
W_BBCnt = 0x158,
W_BBWrite = 0x15A,
W_BBRead = 0x15C,
W_BBBusy = 0x15E,
W_BBMode = 0x160,
W_BBPower = 0x168,
W_RFData2 = 0x17C,
W_RFData1 = 0x17E,
W_RFBusy = 0x180,
W_RFCnt = 0x184,
W_TXHeaderCnt = 0x194,
W_RFPins = 0x19C,
W_RXStatIncIF = 0x1A8,
W_RXStatIncIE = 0x1AA,
W_RXStatHalfIF = 0x1AC,
W_RXStatHalfIE = 0x1AE,
W_TXErrorCount = 0x1C0,
W_RXCount = 0x1C4,
W_CMDStat0 = 0x1D0,
W_CMDStat1 = 0x1D2,
W_CMDStat2 = 0x1D4,
W_CMDStat3 = 0x1D6,
W_CMDStat4 = 0x1D8,
W_CMDStat5 = 0x1DA,
W_CMDStat6 = 0x1DC,
W_CMDStat7 = 0x1DE,
W_TXSeqNo = 0x210,
W_RFStatus = 0x214,
W_IFSet = 0x21C,
W_RXTXAddr = 0x268,
};
Wifi(melonDS::NDS& nds);
~Wifi();
void Reset();
void DoSavestate(Savestate* file);
void SetPowerCnt(u32 val);
void USTimer(u32 param);
u16 Read(u32 addr);
void Write(u32 addr, u16 val);
const u8* GetMAC() const;
const u8* GetBSSID() const;
private:
melonDS::NDS& NDS;
u8 RAM[0x2000];
u16 IO[0x1000>>1];
static const u8 MPCmdMAC[6];
static const u8 MPReplyMAC[6];
static const u8 MPAckMAC[6];
static const int kTimerInterval = 8;
static const u32 kTimeCheckMask = ~(kTimerInterval - 1);
bool Enabled;
bool PowerOn;
s32 TimerError;
u16 Random;
// general, always-on microsecond counter
u64 USTimestamp;
u64 USCounter;
u64 USCompare;
bool BlockBeaconIRQ14;
u32 CmdCounter;
u8 BBRegs[0x100];
u8 BBRegsRO[0x100];
u8 RFVersion;
u32 RFRegs[0x40];
u32 RFChannelIndex[2];
u32 RFChannelData[14][2];
int CurChannel;
struct TXSlot
{
bool Valid;
u16 Addr;
u16 Length;
u8 Rate;
u8 CurPhase;
int CurPhaseTime;
u32 HalfwordTimeMask;
};
TXSlot TXSlots[6];
u8 TXBuffer[0x2000];
u8 RXBuffer[2048];
u32 RXBufferPtr;
int RXTime;
u32 RXHalfwordTimeMask;
u32 ComStatus; // 0=waiting for packets 1=receiving 2=sending
u32 TXCurSlot;
u32 RXCounter;
int MPReplyTimer;
u16 MPClientMask, MPClientFail;
u8 MPClientReplies[15*1024];
u16 MPLastSeqno;
int USUntilPowerOn;
// MULTIPLAYER SYNC APPARATUS
bool IsMP;
bool IsMPClient;
u64 NextSync; // for clients: timestamp for next sync point
u64 RXTimestamp;
class WifiAP* WifiAP;
void ScheduleTimer(bool first);
void UpdatePowerOn();
void CheckIRQ(u16 oldflags);
void SetIRQ(u32 irq);
void SetIRQ13();
void SetIRQ14(int source);
void SetIRQ15();
void SetStatus(u32 status);
void UpdatePowerStatus(int power);
int PreambleLen(int rate) const;
u32 NumClients(u16 bitmask) const;
void IncrementTXCount(const TXSlot* slot);
void ReportMPReplyErrors(u16 clientfail);
void TXSendFrame(const TXSlot* slot, int num);
void StartTX_LocN(int nslot, int loc);
void StartTX_Cmd();
void StartTX_Beacon();
void FireTX();
void SendMPDefaultReply();
void SendMPReply(u16 clienttime, u16 clientmask);
void SendMPAck(u16 cmdcount, u16 clientfail);
bool ProcessTX(TXSlot* slot, int num);
void IncrementRXAddr(u16& addr, u16 inc = 2);
void StartRX();
void FinishRX();
void MPClientReplyRX(int client);
bool CheckRX(int type);
void MSTimer();
void ChangeChannel();
void RFTransfer_Type2();
void RFTransfer_Type3();
};
}
#endif
``` |
The Paser Crossword Stela is an ancient Egyptian limestone stela that dates from the 20th Dynasty. It was constructed by Paser, ca. 1150 BC, during the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses VI.
The stela's text is a hymn to the goddess Mut. It is constructed to be read horizontally, vertically, and around its perimeter, therefore three times. The text employs a complex arrangement of single hieroglyphs and single hieroglyphic blocks, as well as special uses of hieroglyphs, word play, and double entendres, techniques which were popular in ancient Egyptian writings. The crossword-style grid was originally painted blue; the hieroglyphs are incised, in sunken relief.
The stele originally formed a 67-by-80-line vertical rectangle, now much damaged, especially on its base and right side. A roughly 50-by-50-line square area survives in good enough condition to be read easily; other sections have large lacunae, but some other topics can be partially constructed to complete the themes of a hymn to Mut.
The grid is read starting at the upper right, right-to-left in the missing corner of the stela; separator register lines are used for the grid.
Stela description
The stela is constructed from a block of limestone tall, wide, and deep. A row of vertical standing gods adorn the region above the hieroglyphs in a horizontal frieze above the first horizontal row; the standing individuals presumably face the goddess Mut; the frieze only forms a short perimeter on the upper part of the stela. The stela is signed by "Paser, True of Voice".
The stela is in the British Museum (catalogue no. EA 194). It was discovered in the vicinity of the Temple of Amun at the Karnak Temple Complex by Giovanni Batista Belzoni.
Example text, a horizontal and vertical block
A sample block:
(row-No.1)-O29:t:a-(1)-G25-N5::-(2)-N8-(3)-S29-V24-(4)-I10:N5-(Block-5-(Column-42))
(row-No.2)-F9*F9:t:a-(1)-D10*t-(2)-S29-V24-(3)-I10:N5-(4)-N35::O34-(Block-5)
(row-No.3)-m-(1)-O34:(S29-I10:N5)-(2)-I10:N5-(3)-N35::O34-(4)-N17:N17:N14-(Block-5)
(row-No.4)-N5*t:f-(1)-D2-Z1-(2)-N5:r:a-(3)-C2-(4)-G3-(Block-5)
The vertical columns represented are from Columns 38–42, (i.e. blocks one to five), and start the reading of the hymn to Goddess Mut from row one downwards.
Because the stela reads right-to-left, Block 5 corresponds to column 42, Block 1 to column 38.
The four horizontal rows, (Hymn 1 of 3)
The four rows are translated as follows:
"...great (of) radiancy, who illumines...""...strength; (her) eye, it illumines...""...as the illuminator of (her?); The Two Lands (and the) Otherworld...""...in the presence of the sun-god who sees..."
The starting 4 blocks, columns 38-42, (Hymn two of three)
The starting 4 blocks of Columns 38-42 are translated as follows: (reading downwards through the blocks)
38–"...great (of) strength in the presence of..."39–"...radiant; the eye which illumines the face..."40–"...the sun-god illumines..."41–"...the sun-god illumines for her..."42–"...She(Mut) has illumined the Two Lands early..."
Hieroglyph transliterated equivalents (approximate)
Rows one to four, columns 38-42 and their equivalents:
Because the Gardiner's Sign List hieroglyph font only face left, the table above is the reverse-facing direction from the Paser Crossword Stela.
Cultural references
The Stela features prominently in the novel The Third Translation (2005) by Matt Bondurant.
References
Parkinson, 1999. Cracking Codes: The Rosetta Stone and Decipherment, Richard Parkinson, c 1999, Univ. of California Press (softcover, )
External links
Image of stele, British Museum
The 'crossword' stela of Paser, British Museum
Crosswords
Ancient Egyptian stelas
Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt
12th-century BC steles
Ancient Egyptian objects in the British Museum |
Christ Episcopal Church may refer to the following similarly named churches or parishes in the United States:
Alabama
Christ Episcopal Church (Tuscaloosa, Alabama), a historic church building in Tuscaloosa, Alabama
California
Christ Episcopal Church (Coronado, California), a church whose construction was funded by Charles T. Hinde
Colorado
Christ Episcopal Church (Cañon City, Colorado), listed on the National Register of Historic Places (N.R.H.P.)
Connecticut
Christ Episcopal Church (Bethlehem, Connecticut)
Christ Episcopal Church (Ansonia, Connecticut), in Ansonia, Connecticut
Delaware
Christ Church, Milford, Delaware
Florida
Christ Episcopal Church (Monticello, Florida), a historic Carpenter Gothic styled architecture Episcopal church
Georgia
Christ Episcopal Church (Macon, Georgia), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Bibb County
Christ Church (Savannah, Georgia)
Christ Church (St. Simons, Georgia)
Illinois
Christ Episcopal Church (Joliet, Illinois), an 1884 historic building and former church in Will County
Christ Episcopal Church (Springfield, Illinois), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Sangamon County
Iowa
Christ Episcopal Church (Burlington, Iowa), a historic church building on the National Register of Historic Places
Kentucky
Christ Episcopal Church (Elizabethtown, Kentucky), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Hardin County
Christ Church Cathedral (Lexington, Kentucky), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Fayette County
Louisiana
Christ Episcopal Church (Covington, Louisiana), a historic church in St. Tammany Parish
Christ Episcopal Church (Bastrop, Louisiana), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Morehouse Parish
Christ Episcopal Church and Cemetery (Napoleonville, Louisiana), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Assumption Parish
Maine
Christ Episcopal Church (Gardiner, Maine), an 1820 historic church
Maryland
Christ Episcopal Church (Accokeek, Maryland), in Accokeek, Maryland
Christ Episcopal Church (Baltimore, Maryland), a church where Francis L. Hawks preached
Christ Episcopal Church and Cemetery (Cambridge, Maryland), an 1883 historic Episcopal church and cemetery located in Dorchester County, Maryland
Christ Episcopal Church (Chaptico, Maryland), a 1736 historic church located in St. Mary's County
Christ Church (Easton, Maryland), an 1840 historic church located in the Episcopal Diocese of Easton
Christ Episcopal Church (Rockville, Maryland), in the Episcopal Diocese of Washington
Massachusetts
Christ Church Episcopal (Fitchburg, Massachusetts), an 1867 church built by architect Richard Upjohn
Christ Episcopal Church (Medway, Massachusetts), after which the Grace Episcopal Church in Jamestown, North Dakota was modeled
Christ Episcopal Church (Waltham, Massachusetts), a historic Episcopal church
Minnesota
Christ Episcopal Church (Benson, Minnesota), listed on the NRHP in Swift County
Christ Episcopal Church (Red Wing, Minnesota), a church founded in 1858 in Red Wing, Minnesota
Missouri
Christ Episcopal Church (Springfield, Missouri), listed on the NRHP in Greene County
Montana
Christ Episcopal Church and Rectory (Sheridan, Montana), listed on the NRHP in Madison County
Nebraska
Christ Church Episcopal (Beatrice, Nebraska), listed on the NRHP in Gage County
Christ Episcopal Church (Sidney, Nebraska), listed on the NRHP in Cheyenne County
New Jersey
Christ Episcopal Church (New Brunswick, New Jersey), an 1803 historic church
New York
Christ Episcopal Church (Belvidere, New York), a historic Episcopal church in Allegany County
Christ Episcopal Church (Corning, New York), of which Bennett Sims was a rector
Christ Episcopal Church (Duanesburg, New York), a 1793 historic church on NY 20 in Schenectady County
Christ Church New Brighton (Episcopal), in New Brighton, Staten Island, New York
Christ Episcopal Church (Tarrytown, New York), an 1837 historic Episcopal church
Christ Episcopal Church (Walton, New York), an 1834 historic Episcopal church building located in Delaware County, New York
Christ Episcopal Church (Wellsburg, New York), built in 1869
Christ Episcopal Church (Marlboro, New York), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Ulster County, New York
North Carolina
Christ Episcopal Church (Raleigh, North Carolina), an 1848 Episcopal church
Christ Episcopal Church and Parish House (New Bern, North Carolina), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Craven County, North Carolina.
Christ Episcopal Church (Walnut Cove, North Carolina), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Stokes County, North Carolina.
Christ Episcopal Church (Cleveland, North Carolina), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Rowan County of Rowan County, North Carolina.
Ohio
Christ Episcopal Church (Huron, Ohio), a historic Episcopal church
Christ Episcopal Church (Oberlin, Ohio), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Lorain County
Pennsylvania
Christ Episcopal Church (Brownsville, Pennsylvania), historic church built in 1859, features a Tiffany glass window
Christ Episcopal Church (Reading, Pennsylvania), founded in 1762, is the oldest English-speaking congregation in Reading, Pennsylvania
Christ Episcopal Church (Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania), a church in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, founded in 1897
Christ Episcopal Church (Williamsport, Pennsylvania), a historical church in Williamsport, Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Christ Episcopal Church (Providence, Rhode Island), a historic Episcopal church
South Carolina
Christ Episcopal Church (Florence, South Carolina), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Florence County, South Carolina
Tennessee
Christ Episcopal Church (South Pittsburg, Tennessee), listed on the NRHP in Marion County
Christ Church Episcopal (Rugby, Tennessee), a contributing property in the N.R.H.P. historic district Rugby Colony in Rugby, Tennessee
Christ Episcopal Church (Tracy City, Tennessee), listed on the NRHP in Grundy County
Texas
Christ Episcopal Church (Matagorda, Texas), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Matagorda County
Vermont
Christ Episcopal Church (Montpelier, Vermont), an 1840 historic church
Virginia
Christ Episcopal Church (Big Stone Gap, Virginia), a historic church**
Christ Episcopal Church (Lancaster County, Virginia), a historic church
Christ Church (Norfolk, Virginia), now demolished, where bishop Thomas Atkinson served
Christ and Grace Episcopal Church (Petersburg, Virginia), a historic church
Christ Church (Saluda, Virginia), a historic church
Christ Episcopal Church (Winchester, Virginia), a historic church
Washington
Christ Episcopal Church (Puyallup, Washington), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Pierce County
Washington, D.C.
Christ Church (Georgetown, Washington, D.C.), listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Christ Church, Washington Parish, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Wisconsin
Christ Episcopal Church (La Crosse, Wisconsin), a historic Episcopal church in the Episcopal Diocese of Eau Claire
Christ Episcopal Church (Bayfield, Wisconsin), listed on the N.R.H.P. in Bayfield County
Wyoming
Christ Episcopal Church and Rectory (Douglas, Wyoming), listed on the NRHP in Converse County
See also
Christ Church (disambiguation)
Episcopal Church (United States) |
Mount Bethany English Medium Higher Secondary School or
Kerala, India. The school began providing education to lower primary level classes in the late 1970s. Later the school added further classes and now serves classes from Kindergarten to 10+2 in accordance with the Kerala Syllabus.
Student body
Due to the number of commuting students, the school offers a daily school bus service with 12 buses, reaching about 75% of the district. The school offers boarding services to students from other areas of the district and state.
Academics
The school operates under the Catholic management and employs over a hundred teaching faculty. Since its start, the school offered decades of 100% passing rate in the Kerala State SSLC examination. The school instructs students by the Kerala Syllabus and the medium used is English, even though Malayalam classes are part of the curriculum. The school provides students with other classes such as Hindi, Syriac and Spoken English.
Location
The school is located in a village in Pathanamthitta district called Mylapra. As of 2001 India census, Mylapra had a population of 10241 with 4836 males and 5405 females. Mylapra is notable for having the Sacred Heart Catholic Church, which is a patron of the school. The village is the primary route to the Hindu pilgrim center of Sabarimala. The school is located in mountainous terrain by residential communities, providing the school with its calm and quiet atmosphere. The school is located at N 9 16'47.64, E 76 47' 59. 91 with an elevation of 135 ft.
Alumni
Bethanian graduates work and study in places such as the United States, Middle East, United Kingdom, Germany, South Korea, and Australia. Bethanian graduates work both in India and abroad in all professional fields including healthcare, finance, law, IT, and aeronautics. Due to the increase in social networking sites such as Orkut and Facebook, communities have been set up to bring together alumni and students.
Renovation
The school technology renovation in 2000 equipped all roof tiled classrooms with skylights, increasing the light availability in these classrooms and at the same time reducing the electricity usage to power the lighting in these classrooms. The project also unveiled fans in all classrooms, including the kindergarten classes.
The third renovation was the introduction of an intercom system, enabling live conversations between the officials and students from each classroom. All classrooms were equipped with AHUJA WS-661T/WS-664T intercom system, making the first higher secondary school in Kerala to have such system. Despite the capability of the intercom system to receive voice from the classrooms to the office, the system only provides voice from the office to the classrooms. This was due to high need of audio wires and receivers that are required to send voice from the classrooms to the office, especially in such a multi storied school with over hundred classrooms. The system is also used as an emergency alarm, as seen through its usage during the building collapse in 2005.
Incident
On 31 August 2005 the roof tiles of the secondary wing collapsed, injuring more than 20 students and 1 teacher. The incident occurred during lunch time. The three storied building was built in the 1970s, under the first construction plan of the school. The injured were taken to Muthoot Medical Centre by the school emergency officials, providing them with preliminary care. According to the police, the students suffered from minor head and back injuries and the teacher had only few bruises. The school was only shut down for two days and resumed normal classes the following Thursday.
The site was visited by MLAs Thomas Isaac, Raju Abraham and the district collector. The collapsed roof was reinstalled with modern construction materials.
Rivalry
The school competes in district and state levels in fields such as arts and sports. The school has won medals and Kalathilakams. Mount Bethany trains students from running to basketball. The school has a tournament sized basketball court, which is used for practice and tournaments. The school has a friendly rivalry with its Catholic counterpart Girideepam Bethany School in Kottayam. Basketball tournaments are held between the campuses.
School events
Youth Festival
Onam
Christmas
Annual day celebrations
Awards
MBEHSS has been awarded with the continuous 100% result producing school in SSLC and HSE Examination. Every year the school is giving awards to the toppers and special Meritorious awards to 10th and +2 toppers.
Facilities
Air conditioned Computer Lab with Internet
Science Lab with specimens
Tournament sized basketball courts
Playground
Children's park
Chapel
Hostel facilities
Multimedia projectors for functions
Auditorium
Inter local school bus service
Library
Satellite television network
Intercom audio transferring system
Sister campus
A sister campus called Mount Bethany Public School in Kumbazha, Pathanamthitta, was built in 2003 to teach students in the CBSE syllabus. The CBSE program, started in 2001, was conducted at the Mylapra campus. However the increasing number of applicants and facilities, to accommodate the CBSE syllabus, pressured the management to start a CBSE school in the nearby town of Kumbazha.
Notable alumni
Mythili; Malayalam film actress who debuted in the film Paleri Manikyam
Veena George; M.L.A of Aranmula constituency.
Prejish Prakash; Film editor who edited the movie Philips and the Monkey Pen etc .
References
Catholic secondary schools in India
Christian schools in Kerala
Schools in Pathanamthitta district
Educational institutions established in 1975
1975 establishments in Kerala |
The Festival of Insignificance () is a novel by Milan Kundera. This is his eleventh and final fictional work before his death in 2023. It is about a man named Alain, who has not seen his mother since his childhood; Ramon, an intellectual who has retired; D'Ardelo, a man who has a narcissistic personality; Charles and "Caliban" are two people who operate a catering firm; and Quaquelique is an old man who remains attracted to women. Quaquelique manages to seduce women using his skill at non-stop talking. The novel is set in Paris. The themes include "the erotic potential; the link between mother and child; the procreative role of sex; angels...[,] navel gazing...and insignificance. The novels' characters discuss the philosophical ideas of Hegel, Kant and Schopenhauer. The novel is made up of seven parts (an approach he also used in his novel The Unbearable Lightness of Being, among others, and representative of a structure he laid out in his book The Art of the Novel). The theme of insignificance was also used in The Unbearable Lightness of Being.
Reception
The Guardian stated that "...there's something very appealing in the flavour and personality of this new short novel..." The Guardian states that while "[p]erhaps the textures of the novel are thin, and perhaps it does seem to circle around some missing centre – of drive, or story. But then again, that's part of the point: everything ends in Ramon's hymn to insignificance, celebrating the life that doesn't signify anything, the world that is just itself "in all its obviousness, all its innocence, in all its beauty". And indeed this austere prose – with its elusive ironies, and aura of the 18th century – works beautifully, just as itself, in Linda Asher's translation from the French."
Plot
Alain is strolling down a Paris street, examining women and he comes up with an explanation for their thighs, buttocks, and breasts, he fails to grasp the mystery behind the seductive power of their navel,
Around the same time, Alain's recently retired friend, Ramon, is in the Luxembourg Gardens admiring the sculptures. Ramon runs into his wealthy friend, D'Ardelo, and they gossip about Madame Franck. They both admire her courage in the face of her husband's death. Ramon invites D'Ardelo to his birthday party; D'Ardelo confesses that he has untreatable cancer and will soon die, though none of this is true. Ramon believes the lie, and D'Ardelo is pleased that he was so convincing.
After parting Ramon visits his friend Charles to discuss a cocktail party they are planning. However, they become distracted gossiping about Quaquelique, a friend of theirs whom they find banal and unfunny to be around. Ramon mentions that Quaquelique has more success with women than D'Ardelo. Charles explains that Quaquelique's personality is more agreeable than D'Ardelo's. They both agree that D'Ardelo is a narcissist but still feel sorry for him because of his non-existent disease.
Caliban, an out of work actor, joins Ramon and Charles. They talk about a story Charles recently read in the book Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev. Caliban laughs off the story about Stalin, but Charles makes the point that people under Stalin wouldn't have found it very funny. However, they agree that the story must have been intended as a joke and the only reason it was misunderstood was that no one knew what a joke was anymore.
Meanwhile, Alain continues to think about women's bodies, specifically the navel. He recalls an event from his childhood in which he thought he noticed his mother staring at his navel with contempt and pity. His mother abandoned him shortly after that. Alain tells Charles about this, and Charles confesses that he has been thinking about his mother recently as well. Before they can continue, however, they have to get ready for a party.
Caliban is working at the party as a waiter. While working at such events, he often pretends to be Pakistani, speaking in a made-up language. He and Charles see this as a joke, but how it is meant to be funny remains unclear. Ramon attempts to speak to Caliban in French, but Caliban warns him not to spoil the joke. Ramon is afraid that Caliban's joke might land him in jail and laments society's lack of humor. Caliban makes it through the party undiscovered and goes to Alain's for a drink.
The next morning, Alain senses the presence of his mother. He imagines his mother apologizing to him for bringing him into the world without his consent, while Alain apologizes for coming into his mother's life without being asked.
He meets Ramon and D'Ardelo in the Luxembourg Gardens, and they stroll among the statues. Children are busy setting up the park for a concert. Ramon, who still believes that D'Ardelo is soon to die, tells him that it is important to maintain a good sense of humor and a positive mood, including joking and pranking. The men feel light-hearted and happy as the children in the park begin to sing "La Marseilles."
See also
Insignificance
References
2013 Czech novels
Novels by Milan Kundera
Éditions Gallimard books |
Allyson Evans is an American biologist and the editor in chief of the scientific journal Cell Metabolism.
Education
Evans has a PhD from the University of North Carolina where her studies focussed on cell and developmental biology. She completed her postdoctoral training at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, focusing on aging, under the supervision of Leonard P. Guarente.
Career
In 2010, Evans joined Cell Press as an editor for Molecular Cell and became the editor in chief of Cell Metabolism in 2019.
References
Living people
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
University of North Carolina alumni
Academic journal editors
American women biologists
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Software-defined mobile networking (SDMN) is an approach to the design of mobile networks where all protocol-specific features are implemented in software, maximizing the use of generic and commodity hardware and software in both the core network and radio access network (RAN).
History
Through the 20th century, telecommunications technology was driven by hardware development, with most functions implemented in special-purpose equipment.
In the early 2000s, generally available CPUs became cheap enough to enable commercial software-defined radio (SDR) technology and softswitches.
SDMN extends these trends into the design of mobile networks, moving nearly all network functions into software.
The term "software-defined mobile network" first appeared in public literature in early 2014, used independently by Lime Microsystems and researchers from University of Oulu, Finland.
Limitations of hardware-based mobile networks
Mobile networks based on special-purpose hardware suffer from the following limitations:
They have limited provisions for upgrades and usually must be replaced entirely when new standards are introduced.
The individual components are not scalable in terms of performance and capacity, because the capacity of a component is fixed by the hardware implementation.
Specialized equipment and its associated specialized software require vendor-specific training for the mobile operator's staff.
Specialized hardware systems are usually supported and serviced by a single vendor, resulting in vendor lock-in.
Characteristics of SDMN designs
Use of software-defined radio
SDR is an important element of SDMN, because it replaces protocol-specific radio hardware with protocol-agnostic digital transceivers.
While many earlier digital radio systems used field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or special-purposed digital signal processors (DSPs) for calculations on baseband radio waveforms, the SDMN approach moves all of the baseband processing into general-purpose CPUs.
SDMN radio systems also use hardware with publicly-documented interfaces that is designed to be readily reproducible by multiple manufacturers.
Commodity components
SDMN designs avoid the use of components that are specialized as to their functions or that are available from only a single vendor.
This is true of both the hardware and software elements of the network.
Software switching and transcoding
The telephony switches of SDMN networks are software-based, including software transcoding for speech codecs.
Centralized, distributed, or hybrid?
A new SDN architecture for wireless distribution systems (WDSs) is explored that eliminates the need for multi-hop flooding of route information and therefore enables WDNs to easily expand. The key idea is to split network control and data forwarding by using two separate frequency bands. The forwarding nodes and the SDN controller exchange link-state information and other network control signaling in one of the bands, while actual data forwarding takes place in the other band.
Advantages of SDMN
The SDMN approach has many advantages over hardware-based mobile network designs.
Because SDMN hardware is protocol-agnostic, upgrades are software-only, even across technology generations. In the radio network, these changes can even be made on a site-by-site basis.
Because SDMN hardware is designed to be easily sourced and reproduced:
SDMN equipment can be serviced by a wider range of vendors, lowering maintenance costs.
SDMN equipment can be manufactured anywhere in the world, lowering production costs.
Because SDMN software is based on commodity operating systems and development tools:
Support staff can be trained more quickly because they are already familiar with the underlying software systems.
Many aspects of the SDMN can be monitored and managed with pre-existing tools, because they are already available in the commodity operating systems.
Because SDMN network components run on general purpose computers, the network components can be scaled up in capacity by adding more computing power.
References
Telecommunications
Telecommunications infrastructure
Mobile telecommunications |
Lake Barrington can refer to:
Lake Barrington, Illinois, a village in the United States of America
Lake Barrington (Tasmania), Australia, a lake near Sheffield |
San Lazzaro is a Roman Catholic church in Modena, Italy. It is all that now remains of the former lazaretto or lepers' hospital built to the east of the city in the 12th century.
References
Roman Catholic churches in Modena
13th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Italy
Leper colonies |
Presatovir (GS-5806) is an antiviral drug which was developed as a treatment for respiratory syncytial virus. It acts as a fusion inhibitor, and has shown promising results in Phase II clinical trials.
See also
Palivizumab
Lumicitabine
Ziresovir
References
Anti–RNA virus drugs
Antiviral drugs |
Chant après chant (Song after Song) is a composition for soprano singer, piano, and six percussionists, by the French composer Jean Barraqué, written in 1966. It is the third part of a projected but unfinished cycle of works based on Hermann Broch's novel The Death of Virgil, and uses texts written by the composer as well as extracts from the second book of Broch's novel, in the French translation by Albert Kohn. A performance lasts about twenty-five minutes.
History
Chant après chant was composed rapidly, in just a few weeks, on a commission from Les Percussions de Strasbourg. It was premiered in the Palais des Fêtes at the Strasbourg Festival on 23 June 1966. The performers were Berthe Kal (soprano), André Krust (piano), and Les Percussions de Strasbourg, conducted by Charles Bruck. The manuscript score is not dated, but was finished late in April 1966. When the score was published in 1968, it bore a dedication to Madame Edouard Blivet, the daughter of Francine Le Faucheur. However, on 20 August 1970, Barraqué added to the manuscript score a dedication to Maria and Michel Bernstein.
The first commercial recording was made in Copenhagen for Valois Records, from 20 to 23 December 1969, in the presence of the composer.
Analysis
The programme note written by Barraqué for the premiere begins:
Acoustical resonance and visual images of light, sparks, and flashing glimpses are Barraqué's focus here; so are Broch's characteristic paradoxes (e.g., "noch nicht und doch schon"—not yet, and yet already) play a central role here.
As in the Concerto, the composer builds Chant après chant in seventeen phases but, in this case, after having completed the main structure, Barraqué added an additional opening section, ending with a cadenza for the piano and a first vocal line. The first phase occupies nearly a quarter of the total duration, and half of the work has elapsed by the time the fifth phase has finished. The second half of the work, therefore, hurries through the remaining twelve phases, sometimes presenting two simultaneously. Barraqué uses a rhythmic series of seventeen cells, and for the pitched structure applies his technique of "proliferating series" to two source rows: the basic row for the Mort de Virgile cycle, and the row from his Piano Sonata.
Discography
Jean Barraqué: Séquence; Chant après chant. Josephine Nendick (soprano), Noël Lee (piano), and the Copenhagen Percussion Group, conducted by Tamás Vető. Recorded in the presence of the composer in Copenhagen, 20–23 December 1969. LP recording, 1 disc: 12 in., 33⅓ rpm, stereo. Valois MB 951. [France]: Valois, 1970. Reissued, Musical Heritage Society MHS 1282. [USA]: Musical Heritage Society, 1979. Reissued, Astrée AS 75, [France]: Astrée, 1983.
Jean Barraqué: Œuvres complètes. Claudia Barainsky (soprano) and Klangforum Wien conducted by Peter Rundel. Recorded 16 January 1996, in the Casino Zögernitz, Vienna. CD recording, 3 discs: 12 cm, stereo. CPO 999 569-2. Musique française d'aujourd'hui. Georgsmarienhütte: Classic Produktion Osnabrück, 1998.
Soli for Soprano with Percussion Orchestra. Jamie Jordan (soprano), Cory Holt Merenda (piano), McCormick Percussion Group, conducted by Robert McCormick. Recorded at Springs Theatre Recording Studio, Tampa, Florida. CD recording, 1 disc: 12 cm, stereo. Ravello 7884. North Hampton, New Hampshire: Ravello Records, 2014.
References
Sources
Further reading
Henrich, Heribert. 1997. Das Werk Jean Barraqués: Genese und Faktur. Kassel: Bärenreiter. .
Hopkins, Bill. 1978. "Barraqué and the Serial Idea". Proceedings of the Royal Musical Association, no. 105:13–24.
Riotte, André. 1987. "Les séries proliférantes selon Barraqué: Approche formelle". Entretemps, no. 5:65–74.
Compositions by Jean Barraqué
1966 compositions
Percussion music
20th-century classical music
Serial compositions
Music with dedications |
O Rei dos Ciganos is a Brazilian telenovela produced and broadcast by TV Globo. It premiered on 12 September 1966 and ended on 20 February 1967. It's the second "novela das oito" to be aired on the timeslot.
Cast
References
TV Globo telenovelas
1966 Brazilian television series debuts
1967 Brazilian television series endings
1966 telenovelas
Portuguese-language telenovelas |
I Love the '90s: Part Deux is a television mini-series and the fifth installment of the I Love the... series on VH1 about 1990s culture with 10 episodes. It premiered on January 17, 2005. This series is a sequel to I Love the '90s and the title is a reference to the 1993 comedy, Hot Shots! Part Deux.
Commentators
Carlos Alazraqui
Stephen Baldwin
Dicky Barrett
Amanda Beard
Bell Biv DeVoe
Bill Bellamy
Michael Ian Black
Herschel Bleefeld
Chris Booker
Bowling for Soup (Jaret Reddick and Chris Burney)
Brandy
Connie Britton
Vinnie Brown
Michael Bublé
Emma Bunton
Enrico Colantoni
Vanessa Carlton
Gabrielle Carteris
Lacey Chabert
JC Chasez
Gary Cole
Ronny Cox
Jamie Cullum
Molly Culver
The Darkness (Justin Hawkins & Ed Graham and Dan Hawkins & Frankie Poullain)
Tommy Davidson
Morris Day
DC The Brain Supreme
Mark DeCarlo
Jamie Lynn DiScala
DJ Jazzy Jeff
The Donnas (Brett Anderson & Allison Robertson and Torry Castellano & Maya Ford)
Thomas F. Duffy
Bil Dwyer
Lisa Edelstein
Rich Eisen
Missy Elliot
David James Elliott
Bill Engvall
Kevin Eubanks
Evan Farmer
Fatboy Slim
Craig Ferguson
Miguel Ferrer
Greg Fitzsimmons
Flavor Flav
Jake Fogelnest
Jim Forbes
Doug E. Fresh
Daisy Fuentes
Andrew Gentile
David Gianapolous
Greg Giraldo
Jaime Gleicher
Godfrey
Macy Gray
Kathy Griffin
Greg Grunberg
Bob Guiney
Luis Guzmán
Chris Hardwick
Hill Harper
Rachael Harris
Hulk Hogan
Scott Ian
Countess Vaughn James
Jane's Addiction (Dave Navarro and Stephen Perkins)
Richard Jeni
Chris Jericho
Jill Jones
Jordan Knight
Jo Koy
Russ Leatherman
Juliette Lewis
Lit (Allen Shellenberger & Jeremy Popoff and A. Jay Popoff & Kevin Baldes)
Beth Littleford
Lisa Loeb
Jeremy London
Loni Love
Christopher Lowell
Stephen Lynch
Elle Macpherson
Kathleen Madigan
Virginia Madsen
Cindy Margolis
Constance Marie
Biz Markie
Kellie Martin
Jackie Martling
Debbie Matenopoulos
John Mayer
Edwin McCain
Darryl McDaniels
Jason Mewes
Bret Michaels
Penelope Ann Miller
Dominique Moceanu
Colin Mochrie
Modern Humorist (Michael Colton and John Aboud)
Dominic Monaghan
Shelley Morrison
Nelson
Patrice O'Neal
Dolores O'Riordan
John Ondrasik
Brian Palermo
Tom Papa
Trey Parker
Vincent Pastore
Marcus T. Paulk
Rob Paulsen
Kal Penn
Tony Perkins
Aaron Peirsol
Brian Posehn
Megyn Price
Jeff Probst
Rachel Quaintance
Sheryl Lee Ralph
Mary Lynn Rajskub
Simon Rex
Alfonso Ribeiro
Erica Rivinoja
Mo Rocca
Steve Rolln
Henry Rollins
David Lee Roth
Darius Rucker
Faith Salie
Kaitlin Sandeno
Andrea Savage
Stuart Scott
Billy Sheehan
Brad Sherwood
Jamie-Lynn Sigler
Bill Simmons
Sir Mix-A-Lot
Kerr Smith
Kevin Smith
Barry Sobel
Hal Sparks
Ben Stein
French Stewart
Heidi Strobel
Niki Taylor
Paul F. Tompkins
Tamara Tunie
Uncle Kracker
Brian Unger
Frank Vincent
Andrew W.K.
David Wain
Lauren Weedman
Steven Weber
Kevin Weisman
Jaleel White
Chris Williams
Wilson Phillips
Weird Al Yankovic
Recurring segments
Raw: Each commentator gives their opinion on a topic that was covered by each year.
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks: Ben Stein presents a list of the popular rap songs of the year.
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For: Jay and Silent Bob present a list of male celebrities or fictional characters from each year.
Bootyfone: In a parody of Moviefone, Russ Leatherman lists the three songs most conducive to a romantic environment.
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary: A summary of the events in Beverly Hills, 90210 is read from a journal, ostensibly from the point of view of Andrea Zuckerman.
College Radio Cut: Lit's A. Jay and Jeremy Popoff discuss the college rock song of the year.
Then and Now: Emma Bunton presents a comparison of trends in the given year and the present day.
Topics covered by year
1990
Misery
Supermarket Sweep
"Poison" by Bell Biv DeVoe
Fanny packs
Nelson
2 Live Crew
MTV Unplugged
"Opposites Attract" by Paula Abdul
Dolphin-safe tuna
Mike Tyson loses to Buster Douglas
Days of Thunder
The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air
Dick Tracy the movie/"Vogue" by Madonna
Moscow gets its first McDonald's
Cop Rock
Caller ID
Total Recall and Kindergarten Cop
Raw: Michael Ian Black on '90s fans
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks of 1990: "911 is a Joke" by Public Enemy, "100 Miles and Runnin'" by N.W.A and "I Left My Wallet in El Segundo" by A Tribe Called Quest
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For in 1990: Arnold Schwarzenegger and Kiefer Sutherland
Bootyfone 1990: "Come Back to Me" by Janet Jackson, "Close to You" by Maxi Priest and "All I Wanna Do Is Make Love to You" by Heart
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary of 1990: October 4, 1990 (Season 1) – "Dear Diary – Today, two new twins, Brandon and Brenda Walsh, started West Beverly. They're from Minnesota and clueless. Brandon asked to work on the school paper. I wanted to tell him to work on those sideburns first and then me, but I have an image to uphold and everyone buys it. Suckers! Peace out!"
College Radio Cut of 1990: "The Summer" by Yo La Tengo
Then and Now 1990: Then - Donald Trump & Marla Trump / Now - Donald Trump & Melania Trump, Then - Portable CD Players / Now - iPods, and Then - Vanilla Ice / Now - Eminem
1991
Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves
Planet Hollywood
David Duke (former head of the Ku Klux Klan) runs for governor of Louisiana
"Bring Tha Noize" by Public Enemy and Anthrax
Lollapalooza
Jungle Fever
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Terminator 2: Judgment Day
"Wicked Game" by Chris Isaak (originally released in 1989)
The Atlanta Braves Tomahawk Chop controversy
Starter Jackets and Pagers (and their use for numeric spelling)
"Give It Away" by Red Hot Chili Peppers
Wilt Chamberlain's controversial autobiography A View From Above
"More Than Words" by Extreme
Rugrats
Cape Fear
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks of 1991: "Summertime" by DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, "Can't Truss It" by Public Enemy and "Jackin' for Beats" by Ice Cube
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For in 1991: Val Kilmer and Kevin Costner
Bootyfone 1991: "I Adore Mi Amor" by Color Me Badd, "I Can't Wait Another Minute" by Hi-Five and "Because I Love You" by Stevie B
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary of 1991: December 12, 1991 (Season 2) – "Dear Diary – Today, Brenda lost her virginity to that James Dean poser Dylan and he's even older than me. What is he, like, 37? I hate Emily Valentine. She slipped Brandon some U4EA the other night. How lame is that? Come on, Brando, I am the real deal. And Donna scored a 620 on her SATs like she even knows how to spell SAT. What a bunch of dumb asses! Eat me!"
College Radio Cut of 1991: "Dirty Boots" by Sonic Youth
Raw: Michael Ian Black on Wilt Chamberlain
Then and Now 1991: Then - Joey Lawrence & Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch / Now - Joseph Lawrence & Mark Wahlberg, Then - Blossom / Now - The O.C., and Then - Elizabeth Taylor & Larry Fortensky / Now - Jennifer Lopez & Marc Anthony
1992
The Crying Game
American Gladiators
ThighMaster
"Jump Around" by House of Pain
Singles
Studs
Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus by John Gray
"To Be With You" by Mr. Big
The Nicotine Patch
Bill Clinton "didn't inhale"
"Cop Killer" by Body Count
Mad About You
George H.W. Bush vomits on Japan's prime minister
Larry Bird retires
Sinéad O'Connor rips a picture of Pope John Paul II on Saturday Night Live
A League of Their Own
Teen Talk Barbie
Euro Disneyland
Northern Exposure
White Men Can't Jump
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks of 1992: "Set Adrift on Memory Bliss" by P.M. Dawn, "Flavor of the Month" by Black Sheep and "They Want EFX" by Das EFX
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For in 1992: Matt Dillon and Wesley Snipes
Bootyfone 1992: "Masterpiece" by Atlantic Starr, "Forever in Love" by Kenny G and "Save the Best for Last" by Vanessa Williams
Raw: Hal Sparks on Bush barfs
College Radio Cut of 1992: "Push th' Little Daisies" by Ween
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary of 1992: November 4, 1992 (Season 3) – "Dear Diary – Thanks to a hit-and-run driver, I got two broken legs. Everyone thinks I'm upset because I might miss school. I hate everyone! Brenda sneaked down to Mexico with Dylan and then her father had to come down and bail her out at the border. I mean, really, who sneaks into Mexico? I'm outie!"
Then and Now 1992: Then - The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson / Now - The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Then - Sex by Madonna / Now - Kabbalah, and Then - "Baby Got Back" by Sir Mix-a-Lot / Now - "Lean Back" by Terror Squad
1993
Cliffhanger
Energizer Bunny
"I'm Gonna Be (500 Miles)" by The Proclaimers
Chicken Soup for the Soul
"Don't ask, don't tell"
Mrs. Doubtfire
"Creep" by Radiohead
Monica Seles gets stabbed
Paintball
Falling Down
"Insane in the Brain" by Cypress Hill
What's Eating Gilbert Grape
Leprechaun
Great Flood of 1993
Frank Sinatra's Duets album
Animaniacs
Zima
True Romance
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks of 1993: "Slam" by Onyx, "Passin' Me By" by The Pharcyde and "Rebirth of Slick" by Digable Planets
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For in 1993: Sylvester Stallone and Robert Redford
Bootyfone 1993: "Knockin' Da Boots" by H-Town, "Again" by Janet Jackson and "One Last Cry" by Brian McKnight
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary of 1993: May 7, 1993 (Season 3) – "Dear Diary – Quelle surprise! The West Beverly Class of '93 graduated with me as their valedictorian. Boring, so they say. Donna got drunk and wasn't allowed to participate in graduation. Then, all the idiots shouted 'Donna Martin graduates' and they let her. There must be a way to keep them off from reproducing. I'm outie, 5000!"
College Radio Cut of 1993: "My Name is Mud" by Primus
Raw: Rachael Harris on Zima
Then and Now 1993: Then - Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman / Now - Smallville, Then - The Final Episode of Cheers / Now - The Final Episode of Friends, and Then - Mel Gibson directing The Man Without a Face / Now - Mel Gibson directing The Passion of the Christ
1994
The Wonderbra
Anna Nicole Smith marries J. Howard Marshall
Tales From The Crypt
The Cranberries
The Club
Michael Fay's caning
Benedictine Monks' Chant album
The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert
Models, Inc.
Warehouse clubs
"Loser" by Beck
New York Rangers win the Stanley Cup
Blues Traveler
Clerks
Tony Little
Counting Crows
Ricola
Natural Born Killers
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks of 1994: "Keep Ya Head Up" by 2pac, "U.N.I.T.Y." by Queen Latifah and "Fantastic Voyage" by Coolio
In Memory of Kurt Cobain, the Eternal God of Grunge (1967–1994)
Bootyfone 1994: "Bump n' Grind" by R. Kelly, "I Wanna Be Down" by Brandy and "I Swear" by All-4-One
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary of 1994: January 12, 1994 (Season 4) – "Dear Diary – Sweet! I lost my virginity and I am pregnant. Welcome to Edgeville, population: Andrea. Donna is really into that tough guy Ray Pruitt. I liked him better on 'The Heights'. How do you talk to an angel? Apparently in a whisper. I crack myself up. I'm out!"
College Radio Cut of 1994: "Cut Your Hair" by Pavement
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For in 1994: Woody Harrelson and Dante or Randal
Then and Now 1994: Then - The Lion King / Now - Shrek & Shrek 2, Then - Oasis / Now - Coldplay, and Then - Bill Clinton wears boxers / Now - Bill Clinton needs bypass
1995
The Usual Suspects
Fashion Cafe
"Boombastic" by Shaggy
NewsRadio
Species
Psychic Friends Network
Starbucks
Mallrats
Se7en
Newt Gingrich vs. women in the military
The hemp debate
"This Is How We Do It" by Montell Jordan
To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar
Babydoll dresses
Moviefone
Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon
The trial of O.J. Simpson
Raw: Juliette Lewis on Shaggy
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks of 1995: "Player's Anthem" by Junior M.A.F.I.A., "I Wish" by Skee-Lo and "Big Poppa" by Notorious B.I.G.
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For in 1995: Patrick Swayze and Tom Hanks
Bootyfone 1995: "Water Runs Dry" by Boyz II Men, "Candy Rain" by Soul 4 Real and "Brown Sugar" by D'Angelo
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary of 1995: May 24, 1995 (Season 5) – "Dear Diary – I am finally going off to Yale. Anyway, Dylan married the daughter of his father's murderer and then she was murdered by her father's hitmen who were actually trying to kill Dylan. Can you say ratings? Also, Ray threw Donna down the stairs and she forgave him. Probably belted out a few bars of 'hold on' so played out. I miss them already. Later!"
College Radio Cut of 1995: "Seether" by Veruca Salt
Then and Now 1995: Then - Elijah Wood in North / Now - Elijah Wood in The Lord of the Rings trilogy, Then - David Letterman getting flashed by Drew Barrymore on Late Show with David Letterman / Now - David Letterman getting flashed by Courtney Love on Late Show with David Letterman, and Then - Internet access / Now - DSL
1996
Kerri Strug
The Crocodile Hunter
Romeo + Juliet
The Caesar haircut
Jeff Foxworthy's redneck routine
"Woo Hah!! Got You All in Check" by Busta Rhymes
Pamela Anderson and Tommy Lee's sex tape
Deion "Primetime" Sanders
East Coast-West Coast hip hop rivalry
Jenny McCarthy
David Crosby fathers Melissa Etheridge's child
"I Believe I Can Fly" by R. Kelly
The Unabomber
Michael Flatley
7th Heaven
Evita
Raw: Modern Humorist on Kerri
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks of 1996: "Sure Shot" by Beastie Boys, "California Love" by 2Pac feat. Dr. Dre and "Tha Crossroads" by Bone Thugs-n-Harmony
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For in 1996: Leonardo DiCaprio and Ving Rhames
Bootyfone 1996: "Don't Let Go (Love)" by En Vogue, "You're Makin Me High" by Toni Braxton and "No Diggity" by Blackstreet
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary of 1996: May 22, 1996 (Season 6) – "Dear Diary – Donna started dating Cliff the Fireman even though she still loves David, who inherited a ton of money and became manic depressive. Of course, he's the whitest rapper ever. Anyway, Steve finally told Kelly he started the high school rumors that she was a slut. I just love that Steve! Rather see you than be you!"
College Radio Cut of 1996: "What I Got" by Sublime
Then and Now 1996: Then - Gwyneth Paltrow & Brad Pitt / Now - Gwyneth Paltrow & Apple Martin, Then - Dominique Moceanu, 4'4" / Now - Dominique Moceanu, 5'3", and Then - The Rosie O'Donnell Show / Now - The Ellen DeGeneres Show
1997
Air Force One
Kenny G breaks the world record for longest note held
"Bitch" by Meredith Brooks
"Death" of Joe Camel
Con Air
The beginning of ratings for TV shows (e.g. "TV-MA", "TV-14", "TV-PG")
"Sex and Candy" by Marcy Playground
Latrell Sprewell chokes his coach and Marv Albert bites his girlfriend
The death of Chris Farley
Mary Kay Letourneau
The WNBA
"Fly" by Sugar Ray
Starship Troopers
Pokémon (covered again in I Love the 2000's)
Barbie and Paula Jones get makeovers
G.I. Jane
Titanic
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For in 1997: Harrison Ford and George Clooney
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks of 1997: "Let Me Clear My Throat" by DJ Kool, "Been Around the World" by Puff Daddy & the Family and "No Diggity" by Blackstreet
Raw: Patrice O'Neal on Marv Albert
Bootyfone 1997: "You Make Me Wanna" by Usher, "In My Bed" by Dru Hill and "Nobody" by Keith Sweat
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary of 1997: May 21, 1997 (Season 7) – "Dear Diary – Well, here's what's been going on in Beverly Hills, 90210 since I've been in New Haven, 06520. Brandon turned down a Seattle Times job offer so he could be editor of Steve's Springs paper handout Beverly thief. Donna was held hostage by a stalker, caught her mother cheating again, and finally lost her virginity to David. I can't believe she lost it to '97. Later!"
College Radio Cut of 1997: "All Is Full of Love" by Björk
Then and Now 1997: Then - Live with Regis and Kathie Lee / Now - Live with Regis and Kelly, Then - Flavored Vodkas / Now - Vodka & Red Bull, and Then - Barbie gets a makeover / Now - Barbie & Ken are no longer together
1998
Godzilla (American style)
Geri Halliwell leaves the Spice Girls
"Thank U" by Alanis Morissette
Raves
Blade
Buffy the Vampire Slayer
Lay's WOW chips
Mad cow disease
Urban Legend
Gary Coleman punches a fan
Jesse Camp
"Ghetto Supastar (That Is What You Are)" by Pras
The Waterboy
Behind the Music
"Smack My Bitch Up" by The Prodigy
Naomi Campbell throws a cell phone at an assistant
El Niño
Run Lola Run
Raw: Michael Ian Black on Raves
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks of 1998: "I Got the Hook Up" by Master P, "Find A Way" by A Tribe Called Quest and "Intergalactic" by Beastie Boys
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For in 1998: Adam Sandler and Kevin Bacon
Bootyfone 1998: "Lately" by Divine, "All My Life" by K-Ci & JoJo and "The Boy is Mine" by Brandy & Monica
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary of 1998: April 15, 1998 (Season 8) – "Dear Diary – Just got back from the Class of '93's fifth reunion. Can you believe it? Sure, I'm getting divorced, but at least I'm not blonde. Wait, maybe I am. Help! Kelly's addicted to coke, Donna's hooked on painkillers, and Dylan's back on the H. Just say no, people. Just say no. Tears!"
College Radio Cut of 1998: "Sexy Boy" by Air
Then and Now 1998: Then - Viagra / Now - Viagra & Levitra, Then - Bill Clinton & Monica Lewinsky / Now - Jim McGreevey & Golan Cipel, and Then - Saving Private Ryan / Now - Lynndie England
1999
Freaks and Geeks
Chris Gaines (the alterego of Garth Brooks)
TRL
"Hard Knock Life" by Jay-Z
Emeril
Red Bull
Lance Armstrong
Matthew McConaughey arrested for public disturbance (and is found playing the bongos naked)
Cruel Intentions
Limp Bizkit
SpongeBob SquarePants
The Tom Green Show
Win Ben Stein's Money
Being John Malkovich
Varsity Blues
Raw: Juliette Lewis on Jay-Z
Ben Stein's Pimpest Tracks of 1999: "Can I Get A..." by Jay-Z, "Party Up" by DMX and "Love Is Blind" by Eve
Jay & Silent Bob's Guys We'll Go Gay For in 1999: James Van Der Beek and Jason Biggs
Bootyfone 1999: "Angel of Mine" by Monica, "Back at One" by Brian McKnight and "The Hardest Thing" by 98 Degrees
Andrea's 90210 Lost Diary of 1999: November 17, 1999 (Season 10) – "Dear Diary – Oh, well, yeah, I'm still a single mom working full-time and I've been at Yale since George Bush was. Dylan broke into the house of the guy who killed his father and wife, turned out the dad killed himself, like, 4 years ago. Dylan held the new occupant at gunpoint anyway. Oh, he's fun. Donna found out that her bulimic cousin Gina is actually her sister because her dad slept with her aunt, of course. Whatever!"
College Radio Cut of 1999: "My Own Worst Enemy" by Lit
Then and Now 1999: Then - Pokémon / Now - Yu-Gi-Oh!, Then - Governor Jesse Ventura / Now - Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, and Then - Destiny's Child / Now – Beyoncé
References
External links
Nostalgia television shows
Nostalgia television in the United States
VH1 original programming
2000s American television miniseries
2005 American television series debuts
2005 American television series endings |
```rust
//
// path_to_url or the MIT license <LICENSE-MIT or
// path_to_url at your option. This file may not be
// copied, modified, or distributed except according to those terms.
use core::{
ffi,
mem::{self, MaybeUninit},
ptr,
};
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
use std::time::Instant;
const STATE_UNPARKED: usize = 0;
const STATE_PARKED: usize = 1;
const STATE_TIMED_OUT: usize = 2;
use super::bindings::*;
#[allow(non_snake_case)]
pub struct KeyedEvent {
handle: HANDLE,
NtReleaseKeyedEvent: extern "system" fn(
EventHandle: HANDLE,
Key: *mut ffi::c_void,
Alertable: BOOLEAN,
Timeout: *mut i64,
) -> NTSTATUS,
NtWaitForKeyedEvent: extern "system" fn(
EventHandle: HANDLE,
Key: *mut ffi::c_void,
Alertable: BOOLEAN,
Timeout: *mut i64,
) -> NTSTATUS,
}
impl KeyedEvent {
#[inline]
unsafe fn wait_for(&self, key: *mut ffi::c_void, timeout: *mut i64) -> NTSTATUS {
(self.NtWaitForKeyedEvent)(self.handle, key, false.into(), timeout)
}
#[inline]
unsafe fn release(&self, key: *mut ffi::c_void) -> NTSTATUS {
(self.NtReleaseKeyedEvent)(self.handle, key, false.into(), ptr::null_mut())
}
#[allow(non_snake_case)]
pub fn create() -> Option<KeyedEvent> {
let ntdll = unsafe { GetModuleHandleA(b"ntdll.dll\0".as_ptr()) };
if ntdll == 0 {
return None;
}
let NtCreateKeyedEvent =
unsafe { GetProcAddress(ntdll, b"NtCreateKeyedEvent\0".as_ptr())? };
let NtReleaseKeyedEvent =
unsafe { GetProcAddress(ntdll, b"NtReleaseKeyedEvent\0".as_ptr())? };
let NtWaitForKeyedEvent =
unsafe { GetProcAddress(ntdll, b"NtWaitForKeyedEvent\0".as_ptr())? };
let NtCreateKeyedEvent: extern "system" fn(
KeyedEventHandle: *mut HANDLE,
DesiredAccess: u32,
ObjectAttributes: *mut ffi::c_void,
Flags: u32,
) -> NTSTATUS = unsafe { mem::transmute(NtCreateKeyedEvent) };
let mut handle = MaybeUninit::uninit();
let status = NtCreateKeyedEvent(
handle.as_mut_ptr(),
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
ptr::null_mut(),
0,
);
if status != STATUS_SUCCESS {
return None;
}
Some(KeyedEvent {
handle: unsafe { handle.assume_init() },
NtReleaseKeyedEvent: unsafe { mem::transmute(NtReleaseKeyedEvent) },
NtWaitForKeyedEvent: unsafe { mem::transmute(NtWaitForKeyedEvent) },
})
}
#[inline]
pub fn prepare_park(&'static self, key: &AtomicUsize) {
key.store(STATE_PARKED, Ordering::Relaxed);
}
#[inline]
pub fn timed_out(&'static self, key: &AtomicUsize) -> bool {
key.load(Ordering::Relaxed) == STATE_TIMED_OUT
}
#[inline]
pub unsafe fn park(&'static self, key: &AtomicUsize) {
let status = self.wait_for(key as *const _ as *mut ffi::c_void, ptr::null_mut());
debug_assert_eq!(status, STATUS_SUCCESS);
}
#[inline]
pub unsafe fn park_until(&'static self, key: &AtomicUsize, timeout: Instant) -> bool {
let now = Instant::now();
if timeout <= now {
// If another thread unparked us, we need to call
// NtWaitForKeyedEvent otherwise that thread will stay stuck at
// NtReleaseKeyedEvent.
if key.swap(STATE_TIMED_OUT, Ordering::Relaxed) == STATE_UNPARKED {
self.park(key);
return true;
}
return false;
}
// NT uses a timeout in units of 100ns. We use a negative value to
// indicate a relative timeout based on a monotonic clock.
let diff = timeout - now;
let value = (diff.as_secs() as i64)
.checked_mul(-10000000)
.and_then(|x| x.checked_sub((diff.subsec_nanos() as i64 + 99) / 100));
let mut nt_timeout = match value {
Some(x) => x,
None => {
// Timeout overflowed, just sleep indefinitely
self.park(key);
return true;
}
};
let status = self.wait_for(key as *const _ as *mut ffi::c_void, &mut nt_timeout);
if status == STATUS_SUCCESS {
return true;
}
debug_assert_eq!(status, STATUS_TIMEOUT);
// If another thread unparked us, we need to call NtWaitForKeyedEvent
// otherwise that thread will stay stuck at NtReleaseKeyedEvent.
if key.swap(STATE_TIMED_OUT, Ordering::Relaxed) == STATE_UNPARKED {
self.park(key);
return true;
}
false
}
#[inline]
pub unsafe fn unpark_lock(&'static self, key: &AtomicUsize) -> UnparkHandle {
// If the state was STATE_PARKED then we need to wake up the thread
if key.swap(STATE_UNPARKED, Ordering::Relaxed) == STATE_PARKED {
UnparkHandle {
key: key,
keyed_event: self,
}
} else {
UnparkHandle {
key: ptr::null(),
keyed_event: self,
}
}
}
}
impl Drop for KeyedEvent {
#[inline]
fn drop(&mut self) {
unsafe {
let ok = CloseHandle(self.handle);
debug_assert_eq!(ok, true.into());
}
}
}
// Handle for a thread that is about to be unparked. We need to mark the thread
// as unparked while holding the queue lock, but we delay the actual unparking
// until after the queue lock is released.
pub struct UnparkHandle {
key: *const AtomicUsize,
keyed_event: &'static KeyedEvent,
}
impl UnparkHandle {
// Wakes up the parked thread. This should be called after the queue lock is
// released to avoid blocking the queue for too long.
#[inline]
pub unsafe fn unpark(self) {
if !self.key.is_null() {
let status = self.keyed_event.release(self.key as *mut ffi::c_void);
debug_assert_eq!(status, STATUS_SUCCESS);
}
}
}
``` |
The Germany national korfball team () is managed by the Deutscher Turner Bund e.V (DTB), representing Germany in korfball international competitions.
Tournament history
Current squad
References
External links
Deutscher Turner Bund e.V (DTB)
National korfball teams
Korfball
Korfball in Germany |
The Black Mountain Invitational was a golf tournament on the Swedish Golf Tour played at the Black Mountain Golf Club in Hua Hin, Thailand, between 2013 and 2016.
A pre-season limited field-event, it featured the top 20 players from the previous season's Swedish Golf Tour Order of Merit and a further six invitees. It was not part of the Nordic Golf League.
Winners
References
Swedish Golf Tour events
Golf tournaments in Thailand |
```go
package boil
import (
"time"
)
var (
// currentDB is a global database handle for the package
currentDB Executor
currentContextDB ContextExecutor
// timestampLocation is the timezone used for the
// automated setting of created_at/updated_at columns
timestampLocation = time.UTC
)
// SetDB initializes the database handle for all template db interactions
func SetDB(db Executor) {
currentDB = db
if c, ok := currentDB.(ContextExecutor); ok {
currentContextDB = c
}
}
// GetDB retrieves the global state database handle
func GetDB() Executor {
return currentDB
}
// GetContextDB retrieves the global state database handle as a context executor
func GetContextDB() ContextExecutor {
return currentContextDB
}
// SetLocation sets the global timestamp Location.
// This is the timezone used by the generated package for the
// automated setting of created_at and updated_at columns.
// If the package was generated with the --no-auto-timestamps flag
// then this function has no effect.
func SetLocation(loc *time.Location) {
timestampLocation = loc
}
// GetLocation retrieves the global timestamp Location.
// This is the timezone used by the generated package for the
// automated setting of created_at and updated_at columns
// if the package was not generated with the --no-auto-timestamps flag.
func GetLocation() *time.Location {
return timestampLocation
}
``` |
IndustriALL European Trade Union is a European Union federation, founded on 16 May 2012. The Union represents 7.1 million working people of nearly 200 European trade unions. It was formed by the consolidation of three former European union federations:
EMF, European Metalworkers' Federation
EMCEF, European Mine, Chemical and Energy Workers’ Federation
ETUF-TCL, European Trade Union Federation - Textiles Clothing and Leather
Most IndustriALL European Trade Union affiliates are also members of the IndustriALL Global Union. Both organisations cooperate on issues of common interest.
Leadership
General Secretaries
2012: Ulrich Eckelmann
2016: Luc Triangle
Presidents
2012: Michael Vassiliadis
References
External links
IndustriALL European Trade Union
Trade unions established in 2012
European trade union federations |
```javascript
import { getByTestId, queryAllByTestId, queryAllByText } from '@testing-library/testcafe';
import { injectLS } from './clientScripts';
import { FIXTURE_HARDHAT, FIXTURES_CONST, PAGES } from './fixtures';
import { resetFork, setupLEND } from './hardhat-utils';
import MigrationPage from './migration-page.po';
import { findByTKey } from './translation-utils';
const migrationPage = new MigrationPage();
fixture('Migration')
.clientScripts({ content: injectLS(FIXTURE_HARDHAT) })
.page(PAGES.MIGRATE);
test('can do a LEND migration', async (t) => {
await resetFork();
await setupLEND();
await migrationPage.waitPageLoaded();
await migrationPage.setupMock();
await t.wait(FIXTURES_CONST.TIMEOUT);
const button = await getByTestId('confirm-migrate');
await t.click(button);
const approve = await queryAllByText(findByTKey('APPROVE_AAVE_TOKEN_MIGRATION'))
.with({
timeout: FIXTURES_CONST.HARDHAT_TIMEOUT
})
.nth(1);
await t.expect(approve.exists).ok({ timeout: FIXTURES_CONST.HARDHAT_TIMEOUT });
await t.click(approve);
await t.wait(FIXTURES_CONST.TIMEOUT);
const send = await queryAllByText(findByTKey('CONFIRM_TRANSACTION'))
.with({
timeout: FIXTURES_CONST.HARDHAT_TIMEOUT
})
.nth(1);
await t.expect(send.exists).ok({ timeout: FIXTURES_CONST.HARDHAT_TIMEOUT });
await t.click(send);
await t
.expect(queryAllByTestId('SUCCESS').with({ timeout: FIXTURES_CONST.HARDHAT_TIMEOUT }).count)
.eql(2, { timeout: FIXTURES_CONST.HARDHAT_TIMEOUT });
});
``` |
```go
// +build linux freebsd darwin
package service // import "github.com/docker/docker/volume/service"
// normalizeVolumeName is a platform specific function to normalize the name
// of a volume. This is a no-op on Unix-like platforms
func normalizeVolumeName(name string) string {
return name
}
``` |
```java
/*
* one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed
* with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
*/
package io.camunda.zeebe.qa.util.actuator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jdk8.Jdk8Module;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.JavaTimeModule;
import feign.Feign;
import feign.RequestLine;
import feign.Retryer;
import feign.Target.HardCodedTarget;
import feign.jackson.JacksonDecoder;
import feign.jackson.JacksonEncoder;
import io.camunda.zeebe.qa.util.cluster.TestGateway;
import io.zeebe.containers.ZeebeNode;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Java interface for the broker's health endpoints. To instantiate this interface, you can use
* {@link Feign}; see {@link #of(String)} as an example.
*
* <p>You can use one of {@link #of(String)} or {@link #of(ZeebeNode)} to create a new client to use
* for yourself.
*/
public interface GatewayHealthActuator extends HealthActuator {
/**
* Returns a {@link GatewayHealthActuator} instance using the given node as upstream.
*
* @param node the node to connect to
* @return a new instance of {@link GatewayHealthActuator}
*/
static GatewayHealthActuator of(final ZeebeNode<?> node) {
final String address = node.getExternalMonitoringAddress();
return of("http://" + address + "/actuator/health");
}
/**
* Returns a {@link GatewayHealthActuator} instance using the given node as upstream.
*
* @param node the node to connect to
* @return a new instance of {@link GatewayHealthActuator}
*/
static GatewayHealthActuator of(final TestGateway<?> node) {
return of(node.actuatorUri("health").toString());
}
/**
* Returns a {@link GatewayHealthActuator} instance using the given endpoint as upstream. The
* endpoint is expected to be a complete absolute URL, e.g. "path_to_url".
*
* @param endpoint the actuator URL to connect to
* @return a new instance of {@link GatewayHealthActuator}
*/
@SuppressWarnings("JavadocLinkAsPlainText")
static GatewayHealthActuator of(final String endpoint) {
final var target = new HardCodedTarget<>(GatewayHealthActuator.class, endpoint);
final var decoder = new JacksonDecoder(List.of(new Jdk8Module(), new JavaTimeModule()));
return Feign.builder()
.encoder(new JacksonEncoder())
.decoder(decoder)
.retryer(Retryer.NEVER_RETRY)
.target(target);
}
@Override
@RequestLine("GET /")
void ready();
@Override
@RequestLine("GET /startup")
void startup();
@Override
@RequestLine("GET /liveness")
void live();
}
``` |
Mariko Silver served as the tenth president of Bennington College in Bennington, Vermont. She took office in July 2013 as the successor to Elizabeth Coleman. Silver previously held positions at Arizona State University, the United States Department of Homeland Security, the office of the governor of Arizona, and Columbia University. She left Bennington College on July 1, 2019.
Education
Silver attended Yale University, where she received her BA in history in 1999. In 2001, she received her Master of Science degree in Science and Technology Policy from the University of Sussex, and completed her Ph.D. in Economic Geography from the University of California, Los Angeles in 2012. She was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from Hofstra University in 2017.
Career
Dr. Silver became president of Bennington College in July 2013. In 2014, she "led the design of a 10-year strategic plan for the college which emphasizes the education and development of the whole student, integration of curricular and co-curricular experiences, and a redesign of Bennington's signature Field Work Term in which every student must pursue a seven-week internship or work experience every year of their undergraduate studies" During her time as president she claimed that the application pool has grown and that the school had become more diverse, both economically and geographically. Since 2001 the college's enrollment has remained level.
In her previous position as a Senior Advisor to the President at Arizona State University, Silver was involved in what Newsweek called “one of the most radical redesigns in higher learning since the origins of the modern university”, as well as leading initiatives such as an international collaboration on education design, international teaching partnerships, and more.
During her time at the United States Department of Homeland Security in the Obama Administration, Silver led the department's office of International Affairs. She worked on projects in international strategy, negotiation, organization, and collaboration on issues such as counter-terrorism, immigration, cyber-security, and disaster resilience.
As Policy Advisor for Innovation, Higher Education, and Economic Development to Arizona Governor Janet Napolitano, Silver worked on statewide education policy initiatives in areas including "science and technology, innovation policy, economic development and diversification, workforce development, tertiary education, and the creation of a continuum-oriented education system".
Personal life
Silver is married to musician and former public radio producer at KUNM, Thom Loubet. They have two children.
Her father, Tony Silver, was a documentary filmmaker who directed Style Wars (1983). Her mother, Joan Shigekawa, was Senior Deputy Chairman at the National Endowment for the Arts.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Alumni of the University of Sussex
Obama administration personnel
Presidents of Bennington College
United States Department of Homeland Security officials
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Women heads of universities and colleges
Yale University alumni |
Omurca is a village in Ulubey District of Uşak Province, Turkey. Its population is 479 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is situated to the south of Uşak and to the north of Ulubey. The distance to Ulubey is and to Uşak is . The settlement was founded by nomadic Turkmens. The name of the town probably refers to Umur Bey of the Aydın Beylik who lived in the early 14th century. In 1999 it was declared a seat of township. But the population has since been decreased. Main agricultural crops of the town are barley, wheat and hashish (under government supervision). Animal breeding is another economic activity.
References
Villages in Ulubey District, Uşak |
Syed Shoaib Ahmed (born 11 July 1996) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a striker for ARA FC in the I-League 2nd Division.
Career
Ahmed started his career with the youth set-up at Pune F.C. and played for the academy in the I-League U19. He was then promoted to the first-team before the 2014–15 season and made his debut for the side on 31 October 2014 against Churchill Brothers in the Durand Cup. Ahmed started the match and played the whole first half as Pune won 3–0. He then made his professional debut for Pune in the final of the Durand Cup against Salgaocar. He came on as a 19th-minute substitute for Prakash Thorat as Pune lost the final 0–1.
In 2019, Ahmed signed for I-League 2nd Division team, ARA F.C. He made his debut against Hindustan F.C. on 16 January 2019 and scored a hat-trick.
Career statistics
References
External links
1996 births
Living people
Indian men's footballers
Pune FC players
Men's association football forwards
ARA FC players
I-League 2nd Division players
I-League players
Gokulam Kerala FC players |
Polish Radio Kielce (Polskie Radio Kielce) - is the regional broadcaster based in Kielce.
Radio Kielce is a part of public radio in Poland Polish Radio.
It can be received in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship and partly in neighboring voivodeships.
History
Radio Kielce has started in 1952.
Broadcast Frequencies
External links
http://www.radio.kielce.pl/
http://emi.emitel.pl/EMITEL/obiekty.aspx?obiekt=DODR_S3V
http://emi.emitel.pl/EMITEL/obiekty.aspx?obiekt=DODR_S3T
Radio stations established in 1952
Mass media in Kielce
Polskie Radio |
Choi Hee-seo (born Choi Moon-kyung on December 24, 1986) is a South Korean actress. She is best known for portraying anarchist Fumiko Kaneko in the 2017 historical film Anarchist from Colony. For this role, she set a record of winning eleven acting accolades in a single award season, whilst also achieving an unprecedented feat of winning both Best New Actress and Best Actress at the Grand Bell Awards.
Personal life
Choi married her non-celebrity boyfriend on September 28, 2019, in a private ceremony.
Filmography
Film
Television series
Web series
Theater
Awards and nominations
Notes
References
External links
1987 births
Living people
South Korean television actresses
South Korean film actresses
South Korean stage actresses
21st-century South Korean actresses
Actresses from Seoul
Yonsei University alumni
Best New Actress Paeksang Arts Award (film) winners
Best New Actress Blue Dragon Film Awards winners
Best New Actress for Grand Bell Awards winners
Best Actress for Grand Bell Awards winners |
The HSC Speedrunner Jet 2 is one of four high speed monohull ferries built by Fincantieri for Sea Containers. She is currently owned and operated by Seajets.
The vessel was delivered in May 1997 as Superseacat One and put into service on the Gothenburg - Frederikshavn route. In 1999 Seacat Danmark returned to the Gothenburg - Frederikshavn route allowing Superseacat One to move to the English Channel to open a new Hoverspeed route between Newhaven and Dieppe. After four years of operation, Hoverspeed closed the Newhaven - Dieppe route in 2004. Superseacat One was laid up in Sunderland. In 2005 she returned to Scandinavia, this time joining Superseacat Three and Superseacat Four on Silja Line's Helsinki - Tallinn route. Following the sale of Silja Line to Tallink in 2006, Superseacat One was chartered to Acciona Trasmediterránea and renamed Almudaina Dos. The vessel operates between Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz De Tenerife.
In 2022, the vessel was sold to Greek ferry company Horizon Sea Lines and she was renamed Santa Irini. Since August 1, 2022 she sails daily between Heraklion and Santorini. In 2023 Santa Irini was sold to Seajets and renamed Speedrunner Jet 2.
References
Ferries of Spain
Ships built in Italy
MDV 1200-class fast ferries
1997 ships
Ships built by Fincantieri |
David Jeremy Menne (born July 29, 1974) is an American retired mixed martial artist. He was the first ever UFC Middleweight Champion and has also competed for Cage Rage, Bellator, Shooto, ADCC and RINGS.
Background
Menne was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota and grew up in Forest Lake, Minnesota, attending Forest Lake Area High School where he excelled in wrestling. Menne continued wrestling at the collegiate level at the University of Iowa while studying philosophy. He found Muay Thai while in Santa Fe, New Mexico before returning to Minnesota to train at the Minnesota Martial Arts Academy in Shooto.
Mixed martial arts career
Early career
Menne made his professional mixed martial arts debut in 1997 and compiled a record of 23-5-1 with notable wins over Dennis Hallman, Jutaro Nakao, Chris Lytle, and also fought to a draw against Shonie Carter. After Menne lost to Kiyoshi Tamura at the 1999 Rings: King of Kings tournament, he signed with the UFC.
UFC
Menne made his UFC debut at UFC 24 against Fabiano Iha on March 10, 2000 and won via decision. In his next fight, outside of the UFC, he defeated Jose Landi-Jons via majority decision to become the World Extreme Fighting Cruiserweight Superfight Champion. Menne then re-signed with the RINGS organization in Japan.
RINGS
Menne made his RINGS debut against Ryuki Ueyama and fought to a draw. He fought again at an event in Hawaii, a decision loss, before winning his next two fights for the organization against Wataru Sakata and Roberto Traven, respectively. On February 8, 2001 Menne competed in the Shidokan Jitsu - Warriors 1 Tournament and defeated future UFC Welterweight Champion Carlos Newton in the opening round, before later going on to win the tournament. In his last appearance for RINGS, Menne was defeated by Hiromitsu Kanehara via TKO.
Return to UFC
Menne returned to the UFC at UFC 33 to face Gil Castillo for the first UFC Middleweight Championship and won via unanimous decision. In his first title defense at UFC 35, Menne was defeated by Murilo Bustamante via TKO. In his next fight for the UFC, Menne faced Phil Baroni at UFC 39 and was knocked out in only 18 seconds.
After UFC 39, Menne went 9-4 in his next 13 fights before returning to the UFC at UFC Ultimate Fight Night 5 on June 28, 2006 against Josh Koscheck and lost via unanimous decision. Menne then fought at UFC Fight Night 7 on December 13, 2006 against Luigi Fioravanti and lost via TKO.
Bellator
Two years after his last UFC appearance, Menne picked up a win before being signed by Bellator Fighting Championships. He made his debut for the organization at Bellator IV against Norman Paraisy in the quarterfinals of the Bellator Season One Welterweight Tournament on April 17, 2009. Though the underdog coming into the fight, Menne won via third round rear naked choke submission. Less than a month later, Menne faced Omar de la Cruz at Bellator 7 on May 15, 2009. Menne lost via TKO. He left the organization in late 2009.
Post-Bellator
In his first fight since being released from Bellator, Menne fought and defeated Adrian Miles at XKL Evolution 2 on April 24, 2010. He then defeated Eric Davila via guillotine choke at UWF 1 on November 26, 2011. Menne's most recent fight is a rematch with mixed martial arts legend Murilo Bustamante, the man he lost his UFC Championship to. He lost by unanimous decision.
Championships and accomplishments
Ultimate Fighting Championship
UFC Middleweight Championship (One time; first)
HOOKnSHOOT
HOOKnSHOOT Lightweight Tournament Champion
HOOKnSHOOT Lightweight Championship (One time; first)
World Extreme Fighting
WEF Cruiserweight Superfight Championship
Shidokan Jitsu Warriors War 1
Tournament Winner
Mixed martial arts record
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 45–17–2
| Murilo Bustamante
| Decision (unanimous)
| Amazon Forest Combat 2
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
|Middleweight bout.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 45–16–2
| Eric Davila
| Submission (guillotine choke)
| UWF 1: Huerta vs. War Machine
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:35
| Pharr, Texas, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 44–16–2
| Adrian Miles
| Decision (unanimous)
| XKL Evolution 2
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 43–16–2
| Omar de la Cruz
| TKO (punches)
| Bellator 7
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:19
| Chicago, Illinois, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 43–15–2
| Norman Paraisy
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| Bellator IV
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 2:39
| Norman, Oklahoma, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 42–15–2
| Travis McCollough
| TKO (punches)
| Brutaal: Fight Club
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:34
| Maplewood, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 41–15–2
| Luigi Fioravanti
| TKO (punches)
| UFC Fight Night: Sanchez vs. Riggs
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:44
| San Diego, California, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 41–14–2
| Josh Koscheck
| Decision (unanimous)
| UFC Fight Night 5
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 41–13–2
| Alex Reid
| Decision (unanimous)
| Cage Rage 16
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| London, England
|Middleweight bout.
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 40–13–2
| Jake Shields
| Decision (unanimous)
| Rumble on the Rock 8
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 40–12–2
| Ed Herman
| TKO (corner stoppage)
| EC 63: Extreme Challenge 63
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 5:00
| Hayward, Wisconsin, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 40–11–2
| Jerry Spiegel
| Submission (guillotine choke)
| EC 62: Extreme Challenge 62
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:17
| Medina, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 39–11–2
| Trevor Garrett
| Decision (split)
| EC 60: Extreme Challenge 60
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Medina, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 38–11–2
| Eddie Sanchez
| Submission (rear naked choke)
| EC 59: Extreme Challenge 59
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:53
| Medina, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 37–11–2
| Todd Carney
| Decision (unanimous)
| EC 58: Extreme Challenge 58
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Medina, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 36–11–2
| Leo Sylvest
| Submission (toe hold)
| EC 56: Extreme Challenge 56
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:06
| Medina, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 35–11–2
| Falaniko Vitale
| Decision (unanimous)
| SB 33: SuperBrawl 33
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 35–10–2
| Sam Cleveland
| TKO (punches)
| EC: Best of the Best 2: Day Event
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| N/A
| Anoka, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 34–10–2
| Hayato Sakurai
| TKO (cut)
| DEEP: 10th Impact
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 2:02
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 34–9–2
| Dennis Reed
| TKO
| EC: Extreme Combat
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| N/A
| Ramsey, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 33–9–2
| Todd Carney
| Submission (guillotine choke)
| ICC 2: Rebellion
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:05
| Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 32–9–2
| Phil Baroni
| KO (strikes)
| UFC 39
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:18
| Uncasville, Connecticut, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 32–8–2
| Robert Ferguson
| TKO (retirement)
| UAGF 2: Ultimate Cage Fighting 2
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Hollywood, California, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 31–8–2
| Murilo Bustamante
| TKO (punches)
| UFC 35
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:44
| Uncasville, Connecticut, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 31–7–2
| Gil Castillo
| Decision (unanimous)
| UFC 33
|
| align=center| 5
| align=center| 5:00
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 30–7–2
| Hiromitsu Kanehara
| TKO (punches)
| RINGS: King of Kings 2000 Final
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 3:24
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 30–6–2
| Karimula Barkalaev
| Decision (unanimous)
| Shidokan Jitsu: Warriors War 1
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 10:00
| Kuwait
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 29–6–2
| Shamir Maromegob
| Decision (unanimous)
| Shidokan Jitsu: Warriors War 1
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 10:00
| Kuwait
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 28–6–2
| Carlos Newton
| Decision (unanimous)
| Shidokan Jitsu: Warriors War 1
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 10:00
| Kuwait
|Return to Middleweight.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 27–6–2
| Roberto Traven
| Decision (unanimous)
| Rings: King of Kings 2000 Block A
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|Heavyweight bout.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 26–6–2
| Wataru Sakata
| Decision (unanimous)
| RINGS: King of Kings 2000 Block A
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|Heavyweight bout.
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 25–6–2
| Chris Munsen
| Decision
| RINGS USA: Rising Stars Block B
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
|
|-
| Draw
| align=center| 25–5–2
| Ryuki Ueyama
| Draw
| RINGS: Millennium Combine 2
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Tokyo, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 25–5–1
| Jose Landi-Jons
| Decision (majority)
| WEF 9: World Class
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Evansville, Indiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 24–5–1
| Fabiano Iha
| Decision (unanimous)
| UFC 24
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Lake Charles, Louisiana, United States
|Welterweight bout.
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 23–5–1
| Kiyoshi Tamura
| Decision (unanimous)
| RINGS: King of Kings 1999 Block B
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Osaka, Japan
|Heavyweight debut.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 23–4–1
| Laverne Clark
| Submission (guillotine choke)
| EC 29: Extreme Challenge 29
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 3:18
| Hayward, Wisconsin, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 22–4–1
| Chris Lytle
| Decision (unanimous)
| EC 29: Extreme Challenge 29
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 5:00
| Hayward, Wisconsin, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 21–4–1
| Jutaro Nakao
| Decision (unanimous)
| SB 13: SuperBrawl 13
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 20–4–1
| Mark Walker
| Submission (rear naked choke)
| UW: Ultimate Wrestling
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:15
| Bloomington, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 19–4–1
| Joe Geromiller
| Submission (kneebar)
| SFC: Submission Fighting Championships 7
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:10
| Carbondale, Illinois, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 18–4–1
| CJ Fernandes
| Submission (armbar)
| Dangerzone: Mahnomen
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:58
| Mahnomen, Minnesota, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 17–4–1
| Jesse Jones
| Decision (unanimous)
| EC 25: Extreme Challenge 25
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 20:00
| Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 16–4–1
| Brent Medley
| TKO (guillotine choke)
| EC 25: Extreme Challenge 25
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:21
| Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 15–4–1
| Dennis Hallman
| Decision (unanimous)
| Shooto: 10th Anniversary Event
|
| align=center| 3
| align=center| 5:00
| Yokohama, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 14–4–1
| Jim Czajkowski
| Submission (kneebar)
| SFC: Submission Fighting Championships 6
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:00
| O'Fallon, Illinois, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 13–4–1
| Mike McClure
| TKO (submission to punches)
| EC 23: Extreme Challenge 23
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:47
| Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 12–4–1
| Ken Parham
| Decision (unanimous)
| EC 23: Extreme Challenge 23
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 15:00
| Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 11–4–1
| Vernon Yates
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| Gladiators 2: Gladiators 2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:18
| Sioux City, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 10–4–1
| Brett Jones
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| Gladiators 2: Gladiators 2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:14
| Sioux City, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 9–4–1
| Matt Hughes
| Decision (unanimous)
| EC 21: Extreme Challenge 21
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 15:00
| Hayward, Wisconsin, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 9–3–1
| Adam Johnson
| TKO (guillotine choke)
| EC 21: Extreme Challenge 21
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:51
| Hayward, Wisconsin, United States
|
|-
| Draw
| align=center| 8–3–1
| Shonie Carter
| Draw
| EC 20: Extreme Challenge 20
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 20:00
| Davenport, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 8–3
| Phil Johns
| Decision
| EC 19: Extreme Challenge 19
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 15:00
| Hayward, Wisconsin, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 7–3
| Andy Sanders
| Decision
| EC 19: Extreme Challenge 19
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 15:00
| Hayward, Wisconsin, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 6–3
| Henry Matamoros
| Decision
| WVT: Wisconsin Vale Tudo
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 10:00
| Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 5–3
| Adrian Serrano
| Decision (split)
| WVT: Wisconsin Vale Tudo
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 12:00
| Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 5–2
| Jesse Jones
| Submission (armbar)
| EC 15: Extreme Challenge 15
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 5:45
| Muncie, Indiana, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 5–1
| Shonie Carter
| Decision
| EC 5: Extreme Challenge 5
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 15:00
| Waterloo, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 5–0
| Laverne Clark
| Submission (triangle choke)
| EC 5: Extreme Challenge 5
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 5:51
| Waterloo, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 4–0
| Tim Wills
| Submission (bad position)
| HOOKnSHOOT: Absolute Fighting Championship 1
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:06
| Evansville, Indiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 3–0
| Sean Coultas
| TKO (towel thrown from armbar)
| HOOKnSHOOT: Lightweight Championship
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:29
| Evansville, Indiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 2–0
| Adam Fisher
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| HOOKnSHOOT: Lightweight Championship
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:39
| Evansville, Indiana, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 1–0
| Duane Bressinger
| Submission (armbar)
| HOOKnSHOOT: Lightweight Championship
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:37
| Evansville, Indiana, United States
|
See also
List of male mixed martial artists
List of UFC champions
References
External links
Official UFC Profile
American male mixed martial artists
Ultimate Fighting Championship male fighters
Ultimate Fighting Championship champions
Mixed martial artists from Minnesota
Welterweight mixed martial artists
Middleweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing collegiate wrestling
Sportspeople from Minneapolis
1974 births
Living people |
Melhania angustifolia is a plant in the family Malvaceae. It is endemic to Zanzibar.
Description
Melhania angustifolia grows as a suffrutex (subshrub) or shrub up to tall. The ovate to oblong leaves measure up to long. Inflorescences are two or three-flowered, on a stalk measuring up to long. The flowers have bright yellow petals.
Distribution and habitat
Melhania angustifolia is native to the Zanzibar Archipelago where only seven specimens are known and the species is threatened by tourism-linked development. Its habitat is in bushland or on sand, near sea level.
References
angustifolia
Endemic flora of Tanzania
Plants described in 1900
Taxa named by Karl Moritz Schumann |
Astroblepus orientalis is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found on Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela.
References
Bibliography
Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, num. 1, vol. 1–3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, California, United States. 2905. .
Astroblepus
Fish described in 1903
Fish of Venezuela |
Nature Cell Biology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Portfolio. It was established in 1999. The founding editor was Annette Thomas. The current editor-in-chief is Christina Kary.
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 28.213.
References
External links
Academic journals established in 1999
Nature Research academic journals
Monthly journals
Molecular and cellular biology journals |
Madhu Forest or Madhuvana () was a dense forest in ancient northern India, west of Yamuna.
In the Ramayana and the Mahabharata
According to the Ramayana, an Asura named Madhu, ruled this forest and its territory. He was defeated by Shatrughna one of the brothers of king Raghava Rama of Kosala. Shatrughna later cleared this forest and built a city called Mathura here. This later became the capital of Surasena Kingdom as in the epic Mahabharata. Yadava kings Ugrasrena and Kamsa ruled from geographic information
In the Harivamsa
According to the Harivamsa (95.5242-8), a Yadava king Madhu, the descendant of Yadu ruled from Madhuvana. Rama's brother Shatrughna killed the Madhava Lavana, a descendant of Madhu, cut down the Madhuvana forest and built Mathura city there. After the death of Rama and his brothers, Bhima, son of Satvata, a descendant of Madhu recovered the city.
References
Ancient Indian forests |
Chung Hyeon was the defending champion but chose not to defend his title.
Yūichi Sugita won the title defeating Marco Trungelliti 6–4, 6–2 in the final.
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Bottom half
References
Main Draw
Qualifying Draw
Singles
Chang-Sat Bangkok Open - Singles
in Thai tennis |
"You're Mine" is a song by John Entwistle from the 1971 album Smash Your Head Against the Wall.
You Are Mine, or You're Mine, may also refer to:
You Are Mine (絕對佔領), a 2023 web series, Taiwanese web series starring Angel Hong
"You're Mine (Eternal)", song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey
"You're Mine" (Killing Eve), an episode of the television series Killing Eve
"You're Mine", song by Baha Men from their 2000 album Who Let the Dogs Out
"You're Mine" (Phantogram song), a song by American electronic rock duo Phantogram from the album Three
See also
Because You're Mine (disambiguation)
You're Mine, Only Mine, an installment of the Precious Hearts Romances Presents series
"You're Mines Still", a 2020 song by American rapper Yung Bleu
You're Mine You, a 1962 studio album by the American jazz singer Sarah Vaughan |
Cake copyright is the assertion of copyright on a cake.
Copyright of art on cakes
Cakes can be an artistic medium for displaying any image or portraying any character. If a cake is used as an artistic medium for presenting copyrighted content, then copyright issues might come into play with a cake as with any other publication medium. Entertainment media organizations including Disney, Lucasfilm, and Sanrio have asserted that cakes should not portray their copyrighted fictional characters or their copyrighted images without licensing.
Copyright on cake design
Cake design is an imagining of a cake as copyrightable art, like a sculpture.
Bakeries which provide cakes which critics have ridiculed for low quality have sometimes sought to claim copyright over their cakes. The copyright claim is part of an attempt to enforce demands that communities of people who mock cakes not publish photos of cakes for entertainment.
Cake copyright at Trump inauguration
In 2012 in the United States President Obama had celebrity pastry chef Duff Goldman design a certain cake for a party celebrating his inauguration. In 2017 United States President Trump had a Washington, D.C. bakery replicate Obama's cake made for his inauguration. There was discussion about whether Trump plagiarized Obama's cake.
The matter raised the profile of copyright questions about cakes.
References
External links
Copyright Law for Cake Decorators, by Cakerschool on YouTube
Copyright law
Cake decorating |
Eflornithine, sold under the brand name Vaniqa among others, is a medication used to treat African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) and excessive hair growth on the face in women. Specifically it is used for the 2nd stage of sleeping sickness caused by T. b. gambiense and may be used with nifurtimox. It is taken intravenously (injection into a vein) or topically. It has also been given orally on at least some rare occasions for the treatment of African trypanosomiasis.
Common side effects when applied as a cream include rash, redness, and burning. Side effects of the injectable form include bone marrow suppression, vomiting, and seizures. It is unclear if it is safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is recommended typically for children over the age of 12.
Eflornithine was developed in the 1970s and came into medical use in 1990. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In the United States the injectable form can be obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In regions of the world where the disease is common eflornithine is provided for free by the World Health Organization.
Medical uses
Sleeping sickness
Sleeping sickness, or trypanosomiasis, is treated with pentamidine or suramin (depending on subspecies of parasite) delivered by intramuscular injection in the first phase of the disease, and with melarsoprol and eflornithine intravenous injection in the second phase of the disease. Efornithine is commonly given in combination with nifurtimox, which reduces the treatment time to 7 days of eflornithine infusions plus 10 days of oral nifurtimox tablets.
Eflornithine is also effective in combination with other drugs, such as melarsoprol and nifurtimox. A study in 2005 compared the safety of eflornithine alone to melarsoprol and found eflornithine to be more effective and safe in treating second-stage sleeping sickness Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Eflornithine is not effective in the treatment of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense due to the parasite's low sensitivity to the drug. Instead, melarsoprol is used to treat Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Another randomized control trial in Uganda compared the efficacy of various combinations of these drugs and found that the nifurtimox-eflornithine combination was the most promising first-line theory regimen.
A randomized control trial was conducted in Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Uganda to determine if a 7-day intravenous regimen was as efficient as the standard 14-day regimen for new and relapsing cases. The results showed that the shortened regimen was efficacious in relapse cases, but was inferior to the standard regimen for new cases of the disease.
Nifurtimox-eflornithine combination treatment (NECT) is an effective regimen for the treatment of second stage gambiense African trypanosomiasis.
Trypanosome resistance
After its introduction to the market in the 1980s, eflornithine has replaced melarsoprol as the first line medication against Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) due to its reduced toxicity to the host. Trypanosoma brucei resistant to eflornithine was reported as early as the mid-1980s.
The gene TbAAT6, conserved in the genome of Trypanosomes, is believed to be responsible for the transmembrane transporter that brings eflornithine into the cell. The loss of this gene due to specific mutations causes resistance to eflornithine in several trypanosomes. If eflornithine is prescribed to a patient with Human African trypanosomiasis caused by a trypanosome that contains a mutated or ineffective TbAAT6 gene, then the medication will be ineffective against the disease. Resistance to eflornithine has increased the use of melarsoprol despite its toxicity, which has been linked to the deaths of 5% of recipient HAT patients.
Excess facial hair in women
The topical cream is indicated for treatment of facial hirsutism in women. It is the only topical prescription treatment that slows the growth of facial hair. It is applied in a thin layer twice daily, a minimum of eight hours between applications. In clinical studies with Vaniqa, 81% percent of women showed clinical improvement after twelve months of treatment. Positive results were seen after eight weeks. However, discontinuation of the cream caused regrowth of hair back to baseline levels within 8 weeks.
Vaniqa treatment significantly reduces the psychological burden of facial hirsutism.
Chemo preventative therapy
It has been noted that ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) exhibits high activity in tumor cells, promoting cell growth and division, while absence of ODC activity leads to depletion of putrescine, causing impairment of RNA and DNA synthesis. Typically, drugs that inhibit cell growth are considered candidates for cancer therapy, so eflornithine was naturally believed to have potential utility as an anti-cancer agent. By inhibiting ODC, eflornithine inhibits cell growth and division of both cancerous and noncancerous cells.
However, several clinical trials demonstrated minor results. It was found that inhibition of ODC by eflornithine does not kill proliferating cells, making eflornithine ineffective as a chemotherapeutic agent. The inhibition of the formation of polyamines by ODC activity can be ameliorated by dietary and bacterial means because high concentrations are found in cheese, red meat, and some intestinal bacteria, providing reserves if ODC is inhibited. Although the role of polyamines in carcinogenesis is still unclear, polyamine synthesis has been supported to be more of a causative agent rather than an associative effect in cancer.
Other studies have suggested that eflornithine can still aid in some chemoprevention by lowering polyamine levels in colorectal mucosa, with additional strong preclinical evidence available for application of eflornithine in colorectal and skin carcinogenesis. This has made eflornithine a supported chemopreventive therapy specifically for colon cancer in combination with other medications. Several additional studies have found that eflornithine in combination with other compounds decreases the carcinogen concentrations of ethylnitrosourea, dimethylhydrazine, azoxymethane, methylnitrosourea, and hydroxybutylnitrosamine in the brain, spinal cord, intestine, mammary gland, and urinary bladder.
Contraindications
Topical
Topical use is contraindicated in people hypersensitive to eflornithine or to any of the excipients.
Throughout clinical trials, data from a limited number of exposed pregnancies indicate that there is no clinical evidence that treatment with Vaniqa adversely affects pregnant women or fetuses.
Oral administration
When taken orally the risk-benefit should be assessed in people with impaired renal function or pre-existing hematologic abnormalities, as well as those with eighth-cranial-nerve impairment.
Adequate and well-controlled studies with eflornithine have not been performed regarding pregnancy in humans. Eflornithine should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. However, since African trypanosomiasis has a high mortality rate if left untreated, treatment with eflornithine may justify any potential risk to the fetus.
Side effects
Eflornithine is not genotoxic; no tumour-inducing effects have been observed in carcinogenicity studies, including one photocarcinogenicity study. No teratogenic effects have been detected.
Topical
The topical form of elflornithine is sold under the brand name Vaniqa. The most frequently reported side effect is acne (7–14%). Other side effects commonly (> 1%) reported are skin problems, such as skin reactions from in-growing hair, hair loss, burning, stinging or tingling sensations, dry skin, itching, redness or rash.
Intravenous
The intravenous dosage form of eflornithine is sold under the brand name Ornidyl. Most side effects related to systemic use through injection are transient and reversible by discontinuing the drug or decreasing the dose. Hematologic abnormalities occur frequently, ranging from 10 to 55%. These abnormalities are dose-related and are usually reversible. Thrombocytopenia is thought to be due to a production defect rather than to peripheral destruction. Seizures were seen in approximately 8% of patients, but may be related to the disease state rather than the drug. Reversible hearing loss has occurred in 30–70% of patients receiving long-term therapy (more than 4–8 weeks of therapy or a total dose of >300 grams); high-frequency hearing is lost first, followed by middle- and low-frequency hearing. Because treatment for African trypanosomiasis is short-term, patients are unlikely to experience hearing loss.
Interactions
Topical
No interaction studies with the topical form have been performed.
Mechanism of action
Description
Eflornithine is a "suicide inhibitor," irreversibly binding to ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and preventing the natural substrate ornithine from accessing the active site (Figure 1). Within the active site of ODC, eflornithine undergoes decarboxylation with the aid of cofactor pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). Because of its additional difluoromethyl group in comparison to ornithine, eflornithine is able to bind to a neighboring Cys-360 residue, permanently remaining fixated within the active site.
During the reaction, eflornithine's decarboxylation mechanism is analogous to that of ornithine in the active site, where transamination occurs with PLP followed by decarboxylation. During the event of decarboxylation, the fluoride atoms attached to the additional methyl group pull the resulting negative charge from the release of carbon dioxide, causing a fluoride ion to be released. In the natural substrate of ODC, the ring of PLP accepts the electrons that result from the release of CO2.
The remaining fluoride atom that resides attached to the additional methyl group creates an electrophilic carbon that is attacked by the nearby thiol group of Cys-360, allowing eflornithine to remain permanently attached to the enzyme following the release of the second fluoride atom and transimination.
Evidence
The reaction mechanism of Trypanosoma brucei ODC with ornithine was characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy in order to identify unique intermediates that occurred during the reaction. The specific method of multiwavelength stopped-flow spectroscopy utilized monochromatic light and fluorescence to identify five specific intermediates due to changes in absorbance measurements. The steady-state turnover number, kcat, of ODC was calculated to be 0.5 s−1 at 4 °C. From this characterization, the rate-limiting step was determined to be the release of the product putrescine from ODC's reaction with ornithine.
In studying the hypothetical reaction mechanism for eflornithine, information collected from radioactive peptide and eflornithine mapping, high pressure liquid chromatography, and gas phase peptide sequencing suggested that Lys-69 and Cys-360 are covalently bound to eflornithine in T. brucei ODC's active site. Utilizing fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS), the structural conformation of eflornithine following its interaction with ODC was determined to be (S)-((2-(1-pyrroline-methyl) cysteine, a cyclic imine adduct. Presence of this particular product was supported by the possibility to further reduce the end product to (S)-((2-pyrrole) methyl) cysteine in the presence of NaBH4 and oxidize the end product to (S)-((2-pyrrolidine) methyl) cysteine (Figure 2).
Active site
Eflornithine's suicide inhibition of ODC physically blocks the natural substrate ornithine from accessing the active site of the enzyme (Figure 3). There are two distinct active sites formed by the homodimerization of ornithine decarboxylase. The size of the opening to the active site is approximately 13.6 Å. When these openings to the active site are blocked, there are no other ways through which ornithine can enter the active site. During the intermediate stage of eflornithine with PLP, its position near Cys-360 allows an interaction to occur. As the phosphate of PLP is stabilized by Arg 277 and a Gly-rich loop (235-237), the difluoromethyl group of eflornithine is able to interact and remain fixated to both Cys-360 and PLP prior to transimination.
As shown in the figure, the pyrroline ring interferes with ornithine's entry (Figure 4). Eflornithine will remain permanently bound in this position to Cys-360. As ODC has two active sites, two eflornithine molecules are required to completely inhibit ODC from ornithine decarboxylation.
History
Eflornithine was initially developed for cancer treatment at Merrell Dow Research Institute in the late 1970s, but was found to be ineffective in treating malignancies. However, it was discovered to be highly effective in reducing hair growth, as well as in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), especially the West African form (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense).
Hirsutism
In the 1980s, Gillette was awarded a patent for the discovery that topical application of eflornithine HCl cream inhibits hair growth. In the 1990s, Gillette conducted dose-ranging studies with eflornithine in hirsute women that demonstrated that the drug slows the rate of facial hair growth. Gillette then filed a patent for the formulation of eflornithine cream. In July 2000, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted a New Drug Application for Vaniqa. The following year, the European Commission issued its Marketing Authorisation.
Sleeping sickness treatment
The drug was registered for the treatment of gambiense sleeping sickness on November 28, 1990. However, in 1995 Aventis (now Sanofi-Aventis) stopped producing the drug, whose main market was African countries, because it did not make a profit.
In 2001, Aventis and the WHO formed a five-year partnership, during which more than 320,000 vials of pentamidine, over 420,000 vials of melarsoprol, and over 200,000 bottles of eflornithine were produced by Aventis, to be given to the WHO and distributed by the association Médecins sans Frontières (also known as Doctors Without Borders) in countries where sleeping sickness is endemic.
According to Médecins sans Frontières, this only happened after "years of international pressure," and coinciding with the period when media attention was generated because of the launch of another eflornithine-based product (Vaniqa, for the prevention of facial-hair in women), while its life-saving formulation (for sleeping sickness) was not being produced.
From 2001 (when production was restarted) through 2006, 14 million diagnoses were made. This greatly contributed to stemming the spread of sleeping sickness, and to saving nearly 110,000 lives.
Society and culture
Available forms
Vaniqa is a cream, which is white to off-white in colour. It is supplied in tubes of 30 g and 60 g in Europe. Vaniqa contains 15% w/w eflornithine hydrochloride monohydrate, corresponding to 11.5% w/w anhydrous eflornithine (EU), respectively 13.9% w/w anhydrous eflornithine hydrochloride (U.S.), in a cream for topical administration.
Ornidyl, intended for injection, was supplied in the strength of 200 mg eflornithine hydrochloride per ml.
Market
Vaniqa, granted marketing approval by the US FDA, as well as by the European Commission among others, is currently the only topical prescription treatment that slows the growth of facial hair. Besides being a non-mechanical and non-cosmetic treatment, it is the only non-hormonal and non-systemic prescription option available for women with facial hirsutism. Vaniqa is marketed by Almirall in Europe, SkinMedica in the US, Triton in Canada, Medison in Israel, and Menarini in Australia.
Ornidyl, the injectable form of eflornithine hydrochloride, is licensed by Sanofi-Aventis, but is currently discontinued in the US.
In other animals
Eflornithine is effective in mice. Bacchi et al. 1980 found the drug to be curative in T. b. brucei infection of mouse and it is generally without toxicity. Klug et al. 2016 are of the opinion that this demonstrates good promise for oral treatment. However although Jansson et al. 2008 also effectively treated mice with it they found the pharmacokinetics of oral administration in rats very negative. Brun et al. 2010 are of the opinion that Jansson's results have killed the prospects for oral treatment.
References
External links
Alpha-Amino acids
Antiprotozoal agents
Hair removal
Orphan drugs
AbbVie brands
Fluorinated amino acids
Difluoromethyl compounds
Covalent inhibitors
Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate |
Trimorphodon tau, the Mexican lyre snake, is a species of snake of the family Colubridae.
The snake is found in Mexico.
References
Trimorphodon
Endemic reptiles of Mexico
Reptiles described in 1870
Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope |
```xml
/* eslint-disable react/no-children-prop */
import clsx from 'clsx';
import React, { MouseEvent, ReactNode } from 'react';
import { DraftJsBlockAlignmentButtonType } from '..';
interface CreateBlockAlignmentButtonProps {
alignment: string;
children: ReactNode;
}
export default function createBlockAlignmentButton({
alignment,
children,
}: CreateBlockAlignmentButtonProps): DraftJsBlockAlignmentButtonType {
return function BlockAlignmentButton(props) {
const activate = (event: MouseEvent): void => {
event.preventDefault();
props.setAlignment({ alignment });
};
const preventBubblingUp = (event: MouseEvent): void => {
event.preventDefault();
};
const isActive = (): boolean => props.alignment === alignment;
const { theme, buttonProps = {} } = props;
const className = isActive()
? clsx(theme.button, theme.active)
: theme.button;
return (
<div className={theme.buttonWrapper} onMouseDown={preventBubblingUp}>
<button
children={children}
{...buttonProps}
className={className}
onClick={activate}
type="button"
role="button"
aria-label={`block align text ${alignment}`}
/>
</div>
);
};
}
``` |
```javascript
const React = require('react');
require('react-native');
const renderer = require('react-test-renderer');
const { Provider } = require('react-redux');
const { Navigation } = require('../../lib/src/index');
describe('redux support', () => {
let MyConnectedComponent;
let store;
beforeEach(() => {
MyConnectedComponent = require('./MyComponent');
store = require('./MyStore');
});
it('renders normally', () => {
const HOC = class extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<Provider store={store.reduxStore}>
<MyConnectedComponent />
</Provider>
);
}
};
Navigation.registerComponent(
'ComponentName',
() => (props) => <HOC {...props} />,
Provider,
store.reduxStore
);
const tree = renderer.create(<HOC />);
expect(tree.toJSON().children).toEqual(['no name']);
});
it('passes props into wrapped components', () => {
const renderCountIncrement = jest.fn();
const HOC = class extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<Provider store={store.reduxStore}>
<MyConnectedComponent {...this.props} />
</Provider>
);
}
};
const CompFromNavigation = Navigation.registerComponent('ComponentName', () => (props) => (
<HOC {...props} />
))();
const tree = renderer.create(
<CompFromNavigation componentId="componentId" renderCountIncrement={renderCountIncrement} />
);
expect(tree.toJSON().children).toEqual(['no name']);
expect(renderCountIncrement).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
});
it('rerenders as a result of an underlying state change (by selector)', () => {
const renderCountIncrement = jest.fn();
const tree = renderer.create(
<Provider store={store.reduxStore}>
<MyConnectedComponent renderCountIncrement={renderCountIncrement} />
</Provider>
);
expect(tree.toJSON().children).toEqual(['no name']);
expect(renderCountIncrement).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
store.reduxStore.dispatch({ type: 'redux.MyStore.setName', name: 'Bob' });
expect(store.selectors.getName(store.reduxStore.getState())).toEqual('Bob');
expect(tree.toJSON().children).toEqual(['Bob']);
expect(renderCountIncrement).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
});
it('rerenders as a result of an underlying state change with a new key', () => {
const renderCountIncrement = jest.fn();
const tree = renderer.create(
<Provider store={store.reduxStore}>
<MyConnectedComponent printAge={true} renderCountIncrement={renderCountIncrement} />
</Provider>
);
expect(tree.toJSON().children).toEqual(null);
expect(renderCountIncrement).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
store.reduxStore.dispatch({ type: 'redux.MyStore.setAge', age: 30 });
expect(store.selectors.getAge(store.reduxStore.getState())).toEqual(30);
expect(tree.toJSON().children).toEqual(['30']);
expect(renderCountIncrement).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
});
});
``` |
Schizolaena parviflora is a tree in the family Sarcolaenaceae. It is endemic to Madagascar. The specific epithet is from the Latin meaning "small flowers".
Description
Schizolaena parviflora grows as a tree up to tall. Its inflorescences are small and dense. The involucre is glabrous. It is thought to attract lemurs, bats and birds who in turn disperse the tree's seeds. The fruit is considered edible.
Distribution and habitat
Schizolaena parviflora is known only from the northern regions of Diana and Sofia. Its habitat is subhumid forests from sea-level to altitude. Some subpopulations of the species are in protected areas.
Uses
The timber of Schizolaena parviflora is used in construction and as firewood. It is also used to make charcoal.
Threats
Schizolaena parviflora is threatened by deforestation due to shifting patterns of agriculture. The species is also threatened by timber harvesting and wildfires.
References
parviflora
Endemic flora of Madagascar
Trees of Madagascar
Plants described in 1919 |
Aldabrinus is a genus of pseudoscorpions, which contains the following species:
Aldabrinus aldabrinus
References
Garypinidae
Pseudoscorpion genera |
Dundee Shipbuilders Company was a Scottish shipbuilding company, renowned for building the RRS Discovery (1901). See http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Dundee_Shipbuilding_Co
Defunct shipbuilding companies of Scotland
Companies based in Dundee |
```css
CSS Specificity
Hide the scrollbar in webkit browser
Determine the opacity of background-colors using the RGBA declaration
Use `:not()` to apply/unapply styles
`:required` and `:optional` pseudo classes
``` |
C-DNA, also known as C-form DNA, is one of many possible double helical conformations of DNA. DNA can be induced to take this form in particular conditions such as relatively low humidity and the presence of certain ions, such as Li+ or Mg2+, but C-form DNA is not very stable and does not occur naturally in living organisms. In 1961, it was found by Marvin, when he tried to repeat for the Li salt the higher water content pattern of the Na salt. What Marvin found is the semicrystalline C-DNA. "Semicrystalline" describes a diffraction pattern for which crystalline reflexions are seen at low resolution but continuous transform at higher resolution.
Structure
The C-DNA is a non-integral helix of slightly variable dimensions, with mean values of 3.32Å for the unit rise and 38.60° for the unit twist, giving about 9 1/3 rather that 10 unites per turn. There are some different models for C-DNA proposed over years. In 2000, van Dam and Levitt found that both C-DNA and B-DNA consist of two distinct nucleotide conformations, B-I and B-II. The ratio of B-II conformation in C-DNA is more than 40%, but in B-DNA the ratio is only about 10%. The B to C form transition in fibrous DNA may be interpreted in terms of B-I and B-II conformational changes. Figure in that paper shows the ideal modal of these two conformations published by them.
Counterions such as primary amides under basic conditions have been used in experiments to show the relationship between B and C forms of DNA. The overall shape and orientation of DNA is heavily dependent on its primary sequence as well as hydrogen bonding between its base pairs, which stabilizes and maintains the double helix conformation. C-DNA was shown to hold its conformation in the absence of water and was able to form upon dehydration. Some amides under basic conditions and low humidity were shown to hold the C-form conformation, but smoothly transitioned to B-form DNA as the humidity was increased. This may suggest a strong correlation between C-form and B-form DNA, which was also seen using lithium salt at low humidity.
See also
B-DNA
A-DNA
Z-DNA
Mechanical properties of DNA
DNA
References
DNA |
Antibiotika is the 2008 double CD by the Afrikaans South African band Fokofpolisiekar. It contains four tracks and eight music videos of previous releases with a trailer of the upcoming Fokofpolisiekar Documentary.
Track listing
Personnel
Francois Van Coke – vocals
Johnny de Ridder – lead guitar
Hunter Kennedy – back-up vocals and rhythm guitar
Wynand Myburgh – bass
Jaco "Snakehead" Venter – drums
External links
Official Band Website
Fokofpolisiekar albums
2008 EPs
2008 video albums
2008 compilation albums
Music video compilation albums |
G. W. Watson was a member of the Arkansas Legislature in 1891. He represented Crittenden County. Watson was included in a photo montage of African American state legislators serving in Arkansas in 1891 published in the Indianapolis Freeman newspaper in Indianapolis.
He was born in 1861 near Holly Springs, Mississippi. He eventually moved to Hopefield, Arkansas.
See also
African-American officeholders during and following the Reconstruction era
References
African-American state legislators in Arkansas
1861 births
Year of death missing
Missing middle or first names |
The AlpspiX is a steel viewing platform that is attached at an altitude of about 2050 m on the Osterfelderkopf, a 2057 m high secondary summit of the Alpspitze. The walkable, free-floating arms of the AlpspiX are covered with gratings and provide a view of the Höllental, about 1000 meters below. The construction is about 20 meters above the mountain station of the Alpspitzbahn and has been open to the public and free of charge since July 4, 2010. At the same time as the Alpspix, a 700-meter-long circular trail, the "summit adventure trail", was opened in the vicinity.
Construction
The AlpspiX consists of two 24 meter long steel frames that swing freely about 13 meters above the rock in the Höllental, whereby the floor is transparent through the grating; at the end there is a slanted pane of glass at the end of the path, to allow a panoramic view when it is not dirty. The total weight of the construction is around 30 tons. The individual components, which weighed up to 1.4 tons, were transported up the mountain in 60
helicopter flights. According to a spokesman, the costs were in the low six-digit euro range. The name is a word-formation from the components "Alpspitze" and "X" because the crossed arms running over each other create an X-like construction.
Controversy
The German Nature Conservation Society opposed the AlpspiX, claiming that it reduced the mountains' natural beauty.
German climber Stefan Glowacz took part in protests against the AlpspiX, holding banners reading "Our Mountains don't need flavor enhancers." The actions took place with the participation of the German branch of the nature organization Mountain Wilderness.
The German Alpine Association stated that experiencing the mountains and not just the tourist attraction should be the focus, preferring the development of more-natural climbing trails over the steel platforms of the AlpspiX.
Proponents, including Upper Bavaria governor Christoph Hillenbrand, asserted that the new platform would do much to increase the attractiveness of the Wetterstein Mountains. AlpspiX spokespeople also claimed that the platform and summit adventure trail would make the mountains more accessible.
References
External links
The new viewing platform on the Alpspitze
Official website
2010s architecture
Cast-iron architecture
Observation decks
Wetterstein
Outdoor structures in Germany |
Private practice may refer to:
Private sector practice
Practice of law
Private Practice (TV series), an American medical drama
Private Practice (album), released in 1978 by Dr. Feelgood
pt:Private Practice |
Baba Baroh is a tehsil in Kangra district, India known for a temple dedicated to Radha Krishna and the Goddess Durga. This temple is famous for the huge amount of white marble used in its construction which is more than any temple in Himachal Pradesh. Baba Baroh is located 23 km from Kangra and 52 km away from Dharamshala. In this temple there is an idol of Goddess Durga which is made of metal. The main idols, Krishna and Radha are made of white marble. It was built by Mr.Bali Ram Sharma who was a devotee of lord Shiva. The temple also has a Lord Sai idol in the surrounding temple.
References
External links
Baba Baroh
Sunhi/baroh
Tehsils of Himachal Pradesh |
```php
<?php
namespace Spatie\SchemaOrg\Contracts;
interface HowToItemContract
{
public function additionalType($additionalType);
public function alternateName($alternateName);
public function description($description);
public function disambiguatingDescription($disambiguatingDescription);
public function identifier($identifier);
public function image($image);
public function item($item);
public function mainEntityOfPage($mainEntityOfPage);
public function name($name);
public function nextItem($nextItem);
public function position($position);
public function potentialAction($potentialAction);
public function previousItem($previousItem);
public function requiredQuantity($requiredQuantity);
public function sameAs($sameAs);
public function subjectOf($subjectOf);
public function url($url);
}
``` |
Grayridge is a census-designated place in eastern Stoddard County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately ten miles southwest of Sikeston, just south of U.S. Route 60.
A post office called Gray's Ridge was established in 1879, the name was changed to Gray Ridge in 1887, and the present name of Grayridge was adopted in 1894. The community has the name of W. C. Gray, a pioneer citizen.
Grayridge is home to Stoddard County Oilseed Crushing, which is developing biodiesel.
Demographics
References
Census-designated places in Missouri
Census-designated places in Stoddard County, Missouri
1879 establishments in Missouri |
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