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The following units and commanders fought at the Battle of Salamanca on July 22, 1812 during the Peninsular War.
Abbreviations used
Military rank
Gen = General
Lt Gen = Lieutenant-General
Maj Gen = Major-General
GD = général de division
Brig Gen = Brigadier-General
GB = général de brigade
Col = Colonel
Lt Col = Lieutenant Colonel
Maj = Major
Capt = Captain
Lt = Lieutenant
Other
(w) = wounded
(mw) = mortally wounded
(k) = killed in action
(c) = captured
Allied Army
Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Army: Lt Gen the Earl of Wellington (local General)
Commander-in-Chief of the Portuguese Army: Marshal William C. Beresford (w)
Lt Col William H. De Lancey, Deputy Quartermaster-General (acting as Quartermaster-General)
Lt Col Sir John May, Adjutant-General (Royal Artillery) (w)
Lt Col R. Lawrence Dundas
Lt Col Henry Sturgeon
Lt Col John Waters
Maj George Scovell
Mr. John Bisset, Commissary-General
Dr. James McGrigor, Surgeon-General
Brig Gen Don Miguel R. de Álava y Esquivel, Spanish Liaison officer
Brig Gen Don Joseph O'Lawlor, Spanish Liaison officer
French Army
Marshal Auguste de Marmont, Commander-in-Chief (w)
GD Jean Pierre François Bonet (w)
GD Bertrand Clausel (w)
Chief of Artillery: GB Louis Tirlet
Sources
Muir, Rory. Salamanca 1812. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2001. .
Fletcher, Ian. Men-at-Arms Campaign 48: Salamanca 1812. Great Britain: Osprey History, 1991. .
Peninsular War orders of battle |
Arambourgia is an extinct monotypic genus of alligatorine crocodylian from Europe. It was named in 1905 as Allognathosuchus gaudryi. It was made a separate genus Arambourgia in 1940. This was synonymized with Allognathosuchus haupti in 1990 (now known as Hassiacosuchus haupti), but later reassigned as its own genus once again in 2004. Arambourgia was likely to have been part of an early dispersal event of alligatorines from North America to Europe during the Eocene epoch. Arambourgia had non-serrated teeth and a deep orienirostral snout, unlike the flatter snouts of most other alligatorids.
Recent studies have consistently resolved Arambourgia as a member of Alligatorinae, although its relative placement is disputed, as shown by the cladograms below.
Cladogram from 2018 Bona et al. study:
Cladogram from 2019 Massonne et al. study:
Cladogram from 2020 Cossette & Brochu study:
References
Alligatoridae
Eocene crocodylomorphs
Eocene reptiles of Europe
Prehistoric pseudosuchian genera |
```xml
import * as bodyParser from 'body-parser';
import { debugFacebook, debugRequest } from './debuggers';
import initFacebook from './controller';
import systemStatus from './systemStatus';
import userMiddleware from './middlewares/userMiddleware';
import app from '@erxes/api-utils/src/app';
const rawBodySaver = (req, _res, buf, encoding) => {
if (buf && buf.length) {
req.rawBody = buf.toString(encoding || 'utf8');
if (req.headers.fromcore === 'true') {
req.rawBody = req.rawBody.replace(/\//g, '\\/');
}
}
};
const initApp = async () => {
app.use(
bodyParser.urlencoded({
limit: '10mb',
verify: rawBodySaver,
extended: true,
}),
);
app.use(bodyParser.json({ limit: '10mb', verify: rawBodySaver }));
app.use(userMiddleware);
app.use(bodyParser.raw({ limit: '10mb', verify: rawBodySaver, type: '*/*' }));
app.use((req, _res, next) => {
debugRequest(debugFacebook, req);
next();
});
app.get('/system-status', async (_req, res) => {
return res.json(await systemStatus());
});
// init bots
initFacebook(app);
// Error handling middleware
app.use((error, _req, res, _next) => {
console.error(error.stack);
res.status(500).send(error.message);
});
};
export default initApp;
``` |
Phyllocnistis tethys is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in southern Brazil.
The larvae feed on Passiflora organensis. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
References
Moths described in 2012
Phyllocnistis
Endemic fauna of Brazil
Moths of South America |
Camille Kaye Cooper (born February 5, 1979) is a former professional basketball player. She played for the New York Liberty in 2001 and 2002. She played a total of 2 games.
Purdue statistics
Source
Statistics leaders
Personal life
After basketball, Cooper became an attorney.
References
External links
Purdue bio
1979 births
Living people
American lawyers
American women's basketball players
Basketball players from Kentucky
Centers (basketball)
Duke University School of Law alumni
Kentucky women in law
Los Angeles Sparks draft picks
New York Liberty players
People from Georgetown, Kentucky
Purdue Boilermakers women's basketball players
Sportswomen from Kentucky |
Qaleh-ye Piru (, also Romanized as Qal‘eh-ye Pīrū and Qal‘eh Pīrū) is a village in Bakesh-e Yek Rural District, in the Central District of Mamasani County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 639, in 134 families.
References
Populated places in Mamasani County |
Peter Jakob Freiherr Clodt von Jürgensburg, known in Russian as Pyotr Karlovich Klodt (; 5 June 1805, Saint Petersburg – 25 November 1867, Klevenoye, Vyborg Governorate), was a favourite sculptor of Nicholas I of Russia.
Biography
Klodt belonged to a distinguished family of Baltic Germans, the Clodt von Jürgensburgs. The family's origin remains unknown, but many speculate that it originated in Westphalia. Klodt started his career as a professional artillery officer and amateur sculptor. He attended classes at the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg, where his mastery in depicting horses eventually won him the rank of academician and the praise of the Emperor. As legend has it, Nicholas I remarked of Klodt that he "creates horses finer than any prize stallion does".
Klodt's most famous group of equestrian statues, the Horse Tamers, was installed at the Anichkov Bridge in 1851. He also produced the bronze statue of Ivan Krylov in the Summer Garden (1848–55). It was the first monument to a poet erected in the Russian Empire.
Klodt collaborated with Vasily Demut-Malinovsky on the statue of Saint Vladimir in Kiev (installed in 1853) and the statuary for the Narva Triumphal Gate. He also sculpted a quadriga above the portico of the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.
Klodt's last significant work was a posthumous tribute to his patron, a horse statue for the equestrian Monument to Nicholas I on Saint Isaac's Square. Installed in 1856–1859, it was the first equestrian statue in the world with only two support-points (the rear feet of the horse). Even the Bolsheviks, who destroyed the memorials to Nicholas I across Russia, did not dare to demolish this unique statue.
Klodt died in his estate in the Grand Duchy of Finland (autonomous state of the Russian Empire) on 20 November 1867. His son and nephew Mikhail continued the artistic traditions of the family and became notable painters of the Peredvizhniki school.
See also
Kasli iron sculpture
References
Sources
Further reading
Петров В. Н. Пётр Карлович Клодт, 1805—1867. Leningrad, 1985.
Клодт Г. А. Лепил и отливал Петр Клодт... Moscow, 1989.
1805 births
1867 deaths
Russian male sculptors
Baltic-German people
Artists from Saint Petersburg
Imperial Academy of Arts alumni
Members of the Imperial Academy of Arts
Academic staff of the Imperial Academy of Arts
19th-century sculptors from the Russian Empire
19th-century painters from the Russian Empire
19th-century male artists from the Russian Empire
Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class
Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class
Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 1st class
Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)
Burials at Tikhvin Cemetery |
Wilson's & North Eastern Railway Shipping Co. Ltd was formed in March 1906 in England by the family who controlled Wilson Line of Hull and the North Eastern Railway Company.
History
Overview
At the beginning of the 20th century Wilson's were rapidly becoming one of the largest private shipping operations in the World and had further expanded by taking over the 23 ship fleet of another U.K. owner with similar North Sea operations. Through that takeover they had also acquired the agency for DFDS the leading Danish owner who also had services which either directly or indirectly competed with their own operation. At the same time the Wilson family were conscious of the need to maintain their relationship with the North Eastern Railway (N.E.R.) who were essential for the satisfactory movement of goods to and from the ports that Wilson's served, road haulage still being in its infancy, and who held operating rights over some of the same routes as themselves although they hadn't exercised those rights. The joint venture rationalised the Wilson services from the port of Hull and shipping interests of the N.E.R. whilst securing the vital rail access that the N.E.R. could provide.
Wilson's initially transferred five ships into the new operation in March 1906 : "Cito", "Dynamo", "Juno", "Bruno" and "Hero". Two further vessels "Otto" and "Truro" were added later.
The joint operation was further rationalised when it merged with three other operators to form the Associated Humber Lines in 1935 which brought together the services being operated by the railway companies through the ports of Hull, Grimsby and Goole in the River Humber.
Chronology
1903 – Thos. Wilson had taken over the 23 ship fleet of Bailey & Leetham which brought with it the agency for the United Steamship Company (DFDS) of Denmark. This agency presented problems for Wilson's as it overlapped some of their own activities and brought them into competition with railway shipping interests which were so vital in the operation of their existing business.
1905 – Wilsons sought a solution to the Hull services problem and a joint venture was proposed. The negotiations were led by Charles Wilson (Lord Nunburnholme) and his brother Arthur Wilson who was also a Director of the N.E.R.
1906 – Joint company formed in March to operate services from Hull. In the same year Thomas Wilson Sons & Co. took control of local shipbuilders Earle's Shipbuilding.
1923 – January – The company came under control of the London and North Eastern Railway.
1935 – May – the company was merged with other interests to form the Associated Humber Lines.
1957 – Final two ships "Selby" and "Harrogate" (1925) were sold and the company ceased to trade.
Routes
Hull to Hamburg ; Antwerp / Ghent ; and Dunkirk.
Livery
Funnel : Red with black top with thin white dividing line.
Hull : Wilson dark green with red boot topping.
Passenger / cargo vessels operated
References
Bibliography
Transport in Lincolnshire
Shipping companies of England
Transport in Yorkshire
Defunct shipping companies of the United Kingdom |
Lovely Abella-Manalo (born on December 11, 1986) is a Filipino dancer, host, comedian, model, entrepreneur, and an actress. She is currently under the management of Sparkle GMA Artist Center and GMA Network.
Personal life
An ethnic Ilongga, Abella was born in Manila and raised in Koronadal, South Cotabato, Mindanao, where Ilonggos like her are the majority of the population speaking the language of the same name, in which she also speaks fluently. Her mother is from Bacolod while her father is from South Cotabato. She has a daughter named Crisha Kaye, from a previous relationship, and is married to long time relationship with Benj Manalo, son of actor-comedian Jose Manalo. Together they have a son named Liam Emmanuel.
In August 2020, Abella contracted COVID-19. She was asymptomatic throughout her quarantine and eventually made a recovery.
Career
During her teenage years, Abella said that she used to be one of the pranksters in Bitoy's Funniest Videos portraying as a massage therapist in Boracay to prank customers. According to her, this was her first-ever acting/comedy stint way back in 2004. This minor appearance opened doors for her as she was given a slot to be one of the Wowowee Dancers.
Abella was also previously known as one of the main dancers of Willie Revillame in Wil Time Bigtime when the latter moved to TV5, but was later promoted to a co-host due to her natural hosting skills and bubbly personality; giving her the opportunity to be one of the mainstays in Willie's game shows until Wowowillie. Her rising career in the network gave her many opportunities, such as guesting in various shows and even dedicating an episode for her in Star Confessions in which she shared her own life story.
Before she got her major break in GMA Network, Abella made a number of roles as an extra in various shows for both TV5 and GMA Network; most notably in Madam Chairman, Carmela, 2½ Daddies, and Buena Familia where she was left uncredited and unknown for that time being. She briefly had her comedic acting stint in A1 Ko Sa 'Yo before she got her major supporting role in Calle Siete as Bonifacia "Bonnie" Suarez.
Her biggest break in GMA Network was when she auditioned to be one of the cast members of the weekend noon-time variety show, Sunday PinaSaya where she shortly appeared as a guest before becoming a mainstay cast. Due to her potentials in comedy, she was included as a new Bubble Gang member. Even though she's been exposed to comedy shows as of now, she's still undergoing drama and acting workshops to improve her craft.
Abella was cast in the prime-time series, D' Originals, where she played her first-ever major antagonist role as Cristina "Tina" Pineda, a rival and the half-sister of Marge. She has since been frequently cast in various drama series and anthologies offered by GMA Network and GMA News TV.
Filmography
Television
Film
References
External links
Living people
Filipino female dancers
People from South Cotabato
GMA Network personalities
TV5 (Philippine TV network) personalities
1986 births
Filipino women comedians
Actresses from Manila
Comedians from Manila
Filipino sketch comedians
Filipino television actresses
Filipino film actresses |
```java
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*
*/
package com.haulmont.cuba.security.app;
import com.haulmont.cuba.core.app.ServerConfig;
import com.haulmont.cuba.core.sys.AppContext;
import com.haulmont.cuba.core.sys.SecurityContext;
import com.haulmont.cuba.security.auth.AuthenticationManager;
import com.haulmont.cuba.security.auth.SystemUserCredentials;
import com.haulmont.cuba.security.global.LoginException;
import com.haulmont.cuba.security.global.UserSession;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import static com.haulmont.cuba.core.sys.AppContext.getSecurityContext;
import static com.haulmont.cuba.core.sys.AppContext.setSecurityContext;
/**
* Bean that provides authentication to an arbitrary code on the Middleware.
* <br>
* Authentication is required if the code doesn't belong to a normal user request handling, which is the case for
* invocation by schedulers or JMX tools, other than Web Client's JMX-console.
* <br>
* Example usage:
* <pre>
* authentication.begin();
* try {
* // valid current thread's user session presents here
* } finally {
* authentication.end();
* }
* </pre>
*/
@Component(Authentication.NAME)
public class Authentication {
public static final String NAME = "cuba_Authentication";
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Authentication.class);
@Inject
protected AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
@Inject
protected UserSessionsAPI userSessions;
@Inject
protected ServerConfig serverConfig;
protected ThreadLocal<Integer> cleanupCounter = new ThreadLocal<>();
protected Map<String, UUID> sessions = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
/**
* Begin an authenticated code block.
* <br>
* If a valid current thread session exists, does nothing.
* Otherwise sets the current thread session, logging in if necessary.
* <br>
* Subsequent {@link #end()} method must be called in "finally" section.
*
* @param login user login. If null, a value of {@code cuba.jmxUserLogin} app property is used.
* @return new or cached instance of system user session
*/
public UserSession begin(@Nullable String login) {
if (cleanupCounter.get() == null) {
cleanupCounter.set(0);
}
// check if a current thread session exists, that is we got here from authenticated code
SecurityContext securityContext = AppContext.getSecurityContext();
if (securityContext != null) {
UserSession userSession = userSessions.getAndRefresh(securityContext.getSessionId());
if (userSession != null) {
log.trace("Already authenticated, do nothing");
cleanupCounter.set(cleanupCounter.get() + 1);
if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
log.trace("New cleanup counter value: {}", cleanupCounter.get());
}
return userSession;
}
}
// no current thread session or it is expired - need to authenticate
if (StringUtils.isBlank(login)) {
login = getSystemLogin();
}
UserSession session = null;
log.trace("Authenticating as {}", login);
UUID sessionId = sessions.get(login);
if (sessionId != null) {
session = userSessions.getAndRefresh(sessionId);
}
if (session == null) {
// saved session doesn't exist or is expired
synchronized (this) {
// double check to prevent the same log in by subsequent threads
sessionId = sessions.get(login);
if (sessionId != null) {
session = userSessions.get(sessionId);
}
if (session == null) {
try {
session = authenticationManager.login(new SystemUserCredentials(login)).getSession();
session.setClientInfo("System authentication");
} catch (LoginException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Unable to perform system login", e);
}
sessions.put(login, session.getId());
}
}
}
AppContext.setSecurityContext(new SecurityContext(session));
return session;
}
/**
* Authenticate with login set in {@code cuba.jmxUserLogin} app property.
* <br>
* Same as {@link #begin(String)} with null parameter
*/
public UserSession begin() {
return begin(null);
}
/**
* End of an authenticated code block.
* <br>
* Performs cleanup for SecurityContext if there was previous loginOnce in this thread.
* Must be called in "finally" section of a try/finally block.
*/
public void end() {
if (cleanupCounter.get() == null || cleanupCounter.get() < 0) {
log.warn("Cleanup counter is null or invalid");
} else if (cleanupCounter.get() == 0) {
log.trace("Cleanup SecurityContext");
AppContext.setSecurityContext(null);
cleanupCounter.remove();
} else {
log.trace("Do not own authentication, cleanup not required");
cleanupCounter.set(cleanupCounter.get() - 1);
log.trace("New cleanup counter value: {}", cleanupCounter.get());
}
}
/**
* Execute code on behalf of the specified user.
*
* @param login user login. If null, a value of {@code cuba.jmxUserLogin} app property is used.
* @param operation code to execute
* @return result of the execution
*/
public <T> T withUser(@Nullable String login, AuthenticatedOperation<T> operation) {
SecurityContext previousSecurityContext = getSecurityContext();
setSecurityContext(null);
try {
begin(login);
return operation.call();
} finally {
setSecurityContext(previousSecurityContext);
}
}
/**
* Execute code on behalf of the user with login set in {@code cuba.jmxUserLogin} app property.
*
* @param operation code to execute
* @return result of the execution
*/
public <T> T withSystemUser(AuthenticatedOperation<T> operation) {
SecurityContext previousSecurityContext = getSecurityContext();
setSecurityContext(null);
try {
begin(null);
return operation.call();
} finally {
setSecurityContext(previousSecurityContext);
}
}
protected String getSystemLogin() {
return serverConfig.getJmxUserLogin();
}
public interface AuthenticatedOperation<T> {
T call();
}
}
``` |
The discography of Japanese rock band Sekai no Owari consists of Five studio albums, two extended play, four video albums and twelve singles. After self-releasing their first extended play in 2009, Sekai no Owari debuted as an independent artist in 2010 under Lastrum Music Entertainment with the album Earth. After releasing a double A-side single "Tenshi to Akuma" / "Fantasy" at the end of 2010, Sekai no Owari parted with their previous label, signing with major label Toy's Factory. The group released their second album Entertainment in 2012, immediately after "Nemurihime", the band's first top five single on the Oricon singles charts.
The band's 2013 single "RPG" became widely successful, reaching number one on the Billboard Japan Hot 100, and later becoming certified double platinum by the RIAJ. Following this with the also successful singles "Snow Magic Fantasy" (2014), "Honō to Mori no Carnival" (2014) and the Nicky Romero-produced "Dragon Night" (2014). These releases culminated in the group's third album, Tree, which debuted at number one in Japan.
In addition to the band's main releases, the band has collaborated with American electronic act Owl City for the single "Tokyo" (2014), and vocalist Fukase with dōjin music project Livetune for the single "Take Your Way" (2013). The band members wrote the Johnny & Associates boyband Kanjani Eight's single "Namida no Kotae" (2013), the theme song for the drama Hyakkai Naku Koto.
Though primarily singing in Japanese, Sekai no Owari released an English language version of "Dragon Night" in June 2015. For the release of the films Attack on Titan and Attack on Titan: End of the World (2015), Sekai no Owari released two entirely English language singles for the theme songs, "Anti-Hero" and "SOS".
Albums
Studio albums
Compilation albums
Extended plays
Singles
As lead artist
As featured artist
Promotional singles
Collaborations
Other charted songs
Video albums
Notes
References
Discographies of Japanese artists
Pop music discographies |
USS Woodworth (DD-460) was a in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Commander Selim E. Woodworth.
Woodworth was laid down on 30 April 1941 at San Francisco, California, by the Bethlehem Steel Company; launched on 29 November 1941; sponsored by Mrs. Selim E. Woodworth, niece and daughter-in-law of Commander Woodworth; and commissioned on 30 April 1942.
Service history
World War II
After four months spent in fitting out and shakedown, Woodworth spent the remainder of 1942 performing escort duty in the Southwest Pacific area. She stopped at many ports between Australia and Guadalcanal. Woodworth was attached to Task Force (TF) 65 in January 1943, conducting patrols and exercises at the western entrance to Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides.
On 2 February, Woodworth passed to the control of Vice Admiral Richard P. Leary who commanded TF 69 from his flagship, . Two days later, that formation was merged with TF 18 consisting of the cruiser , two aircraft carriers, three light cruisers, and four destroyers. An oiler and another destroyer also joined the force on 5 February. The month of February was devoted to patrolling and escorting transports in waters between the Solomon Islands and the New Hebrides. After escorting transports to the Fiji Islands on 1 March, Woodworth returned to Espiritu Santo on 13 March and joined TF 15 organized around the aircraft carrier . Woodworth entered port at Espiritu Santo on 21 March and the following day commenced tender availability. On 3 April, she headed back to the Solomons, arriving at Tulagi on 5 April for entrance patrol. The next day, Woodworth escorted the oiler to Kukum and then resumed her patrol.
On 7 April, while escorting Tappahannock in the Solomons area, Woodworth came under enemy air attack by six planes north of Rua Sura Island. Four bombs dropped close aboard Tappahannock. Two struck the sea on the starboard side and threw considerable water over the ship. The attack, which lasted about four minutes, caused no personnel casualties and only minor material damage. Woodworth spent the remainder of April and early May in tactical training exercises, escort, and patrol in waters between the New Hebrides and New Caledonia. From 8 May to 29 June, Woodworth escorted transports carrying reinforcements to Guadalcanal and helped to screen TF 10—consisting of two carriers, three battleships, one cruiser, and several destroyers—to Nouméa. Woodworth continued on to Auckland, New Zealand, where she underwent restricted availability before escorting the oiler to Nouméa. Woodworth then screened transports steaming from Espiritu Santo to Guadalcanal.
On 30 June, while escorting amphibious forces to Rendova Island, Solomon Islands, Woodworth came under air attack by 12 low-flying Japanese torpedo bombers. Woodworths maneuvers enabled her to avoid the torpedoes, and she suffered only one personnel casualty and mere superficial damage from three machine gun hits.
On 2 July 1943, Woodworth and the destroyer bombarded Japanese positions on Wickham Island, Vonguna, New Georgia, to assist the advance of troops ashore. The next day, Woodworth sailed for Tulagi, touched at Port Purvis on Florida Island and Rendova Harbor, and arrived off Rice Anchorage on 5 July 1943 to participate in the first landing operations there. Later that day, she headed for Port Purvis. On 11 July, Woodworth, along with the destroyers , , and , took part in the second landing operations at Rice Anchorage. While returning to Guadalcanal the following morning, fired on, depth charged, but failed to sink the Japanese submarine .
On 13 July, as part of Task Group (TG) 36.1, Woodworth took part in the Battle of Kolombangara, one of a series of naval engagements for control of waters between Vella La Vella and Kolombangara to the south and Choiseul to the north. The Japanese force consisted of one cruiser and five destroyers. Woodworth fired four torpedoes, and a fifth misfired. During the action, she was struck a glancing blow to the stern by , causing some flooding and light damage, but she continued to screen the cruiser which was hit by a torpedo. The destroyer was also hit and exploded. Nothing could be seen of that destroyer but a -high column of smoke. Damage control efforts for Gwin were futile, and she was scuttled. Woodworth suffered no personnel casualties.
Woodworth conducted patrol and escort operations between Espiritu Santo and Guadalcanal until 7 October when she joined TF 38. Following training exercises, she departed Espiritu Santo on 29 October with TF 38 organized around the carriers and . They launched air attacks on Buka, Shortland Islands, on 1 and 2 November 1943 and conducted raids on Rabaul on 5 and again on 11 November before becoming detached from TF 38 on 14 November.
Woodworth sailed for Guadalcanal on 16 November in the escort of the transport , then took part in patrol operations in the Solomon area until late December as part of TG 36.1. On 26 December, Woodworth departed Espiritu Santo to carry a deck cargo of 1,500 rounds of projectiles and 1,500 rounds of 5-inch powder charges to Port Purvis near Tulagi.
On the evening of 8 January 1944, Woodworth took part in the bombardment of the Shortland Islands and encountered ineffective return fire from the shore. She conducted escort and patrol operations between the northern Solomons and the Bismarck Archipelago until 13 January when she joined Destroyer Squadron (Des Ron) 12 and, with the destroyers , , and Buchanan, conducted a bombardment of shore installations, barge concentrations, and staging points on the northeast coast of Bougainville, Baniu Harbor, and Ruri Bay, Solomon Islands; but she encountered no return fire and no air or surface opposition. While transiting Bougainville Strait, Woodworth fired five salvoes at a Japanese tent camp on the northwest tip of Choiseul Island. She then spent the remainder of January through 13 February, in escort and training exercises to Torokina, barge-hunting off Bougainville, escort to Port Purvis, and escort and training exercises at Sydney, Australia.
On 13 February, Woodworth, in the company of TF 38, covered the advance of the assault on Green Island. The following day, the task force was attacked by a group of six enemy dive bombers. St. Louis was hit and suffered the loss of 23 men. Several snoopers later approached the task force and were taken under fire, Woodworths guns accounted for one while she and her sister ships sustained no casualties or damage. On 14 and 15 February, Woodworth, with Farenholt, Buchanan, Lansdowne, and , conducted an antishipping sweep of St. George's Channel north of Rabaul, New Britain, but encountered no Japanese vessels. On 17 and 18 February, the same destroyers bombarded Rabaul and shore batteries on Praed Point. Woodworth fired torpedoes at two ships leaving Simpson Harbor and later at large groups of ships in Kervia Bay. She also fired her guns at targets near Timber Point and Cape Gazelle. On 24 February, while conducting an antishipping sweep along Truk-Kavieng, New Ireland, shipping lanes about 60 miles northwest of Kavieng, she made radar contact with a Japanese merchant vessel and a large, heavily laden tanker. Woodworth fired 38 rounds of 5-inch/38-caliber at the merchant vessel which was closed and sunk by DesDiv 24. Woodworth fishtailed at various times to avoid shells from the shore batteries. Two enemy ships were sunk in the harbor, and one other was damaged and left burning. The American warship also set numerous barges afire in Steffen Strait and engaged Japanese shore batteries. Woodworth arrived at Port Purvis, Florida Island, on 26 February.
From 1 through 21 March, Woodworth conducted training exercises, escort missions, antisubmarine searches, and barge-hunting operations throughout the Solomon Islands. She fired at enemy positions and encountered no opposition. Woodworth departed Port Purvis with Buchanan on 22 March, bound for Pearl Harbor. She joined TG 35.6 with a merchant convoy of five ships off Guadalcanal and proceeded to Hawaii with it. On 9 April, Woodworth cleared Pearl Harbor and steamed to San Francisco. She was drydocked at the Mare Island Navy Yard on 15 April 1944.
The destroyer underwent an overhaul and refresher training exercises until 21 July when she joined TG 12.1 and steamed to Hawaii on a presidential cruise with the destroyers , , , and the cruiser . Baltimore was carrying President Franklin D. Roosevelt to Pearl Harbor to discuss future strategy in the Pacific with Admiral Chester Nimitz and General Douglas MacArthur. Following the conference, the task force took the President north to Alaska and the Aleutian Islands. President Roosevelt left Baltimore at Kodiak, Alaska on 8 August, and proceeded to Bremerton, Washington, on Cummings. Woodworth arrived at San Francisco on 14 August 1944, but sailed the following day for Pearl Harbor, where she arrived on 20 August for more than one month of training exercises. On 30 September, she entered Ulithi Atoll for antisubmarine patrol; and, on 7 October, she joined TG 38.1.
In late 1944, while refueling at sea from the carrier , Woodworth sustained numerous superficial damages as a result of a mid-refueling collision. First Class Quartermaster L. G. Chacona, while manning the wheel during the exercise, struggled against a port-ward drift until the ship veered off course enough to cause the hawser line, whose usage was discontinued as a result of the accident, connecting the two bows to snap. Soon after the fuel lines also snapped causing a fuel spill over the decks. As the boats collided, Woodworth sustained heavy damage along the port side bridge. Salamaua sustained only a hole from puncture of Woodworths port anchor, resulting in Salamaua being nicknamed "The Can-Opener". Woodworth returned to the port of Salerno for repairs before returning to duty.
The carriers of Woodworths task group launched an air strike on Okinawa on 10 October, and the planes later raided Japanese installations at Aparri, northern Luzon. On 12 October, the first strikes on Formosa were launched. Woodworth was on a picket station east of the formation when she was attacked by Japanese torpedo planes at 1815. She fired at several planes but failed to score any hits. The ship sustained heavy weather damage and expended 160 rounds of 5-inch ammunition, 100 rounds of 40 mm, and 320 rounds of 20 mm. The following day, five Japanese twin-engine, land-based planes attacked the formation. Woodworth shot down one plane which crashed in flames after passing over the fantail. During the action, the cruiser was hit by a torpedo and sustained heavy damage. A third day of strikes against Formosa on 14 October summoned three waves of air attacks by the Japanese. Friendly fighters intercepted and repelled the first two strikes. The third wave consisted of eight or nine enemy aircraft; Woodworth claimed to have shot down three: "Two planes were seen to burst into flames. It was a pretty sight." All the planes destroyed were credited to the use of Mk 32 projectiles of which Woodworth used 75 percent. In this action, the light cruiser was torpedoed and heavily damaged.
On 15 October, TG 38.1 began preparations for attacks on Japanese installations in the Philippines. The first of these occurred on 18 October at Luzon, Philippine Islands. These attacks continued through the end of the month to support the first phase of Major General Douglas MacArthur's liberation of the Philippines. Woodworthwas then detached from TG 38.1 and steamed to Leyte Gulf to join TG 30.3 before it sailed for Ulithi.
Woodworth spent November in screening exercises, antisubmarine patrol at Eniwetok, and escorted a convoy to the Palau Islands. She spent December patrolling off Peleliu and Angaur Island in the Palau group; conducting independent antisubmarine patrol; and escorting a convoy to Leyte Gulf. Woodworth and the destroyer then screened a five-ship convoy to Ulithi on 2 January 1945. There, Woodworth underwent tender availability until 11 January. The next day, she assisted in the rescue of LCI(L)-600 and participated in hunter-killer operations with McCalla.
Woodworth got underway as TU 94.18.12 on 15 January for gunnery practice. She was boarded by Capt. W. P. Burford and staff and served as a station ship for gunnery practice off Kossol Roads, Palau, throughout February. On 12 March, Captain Burford relieved Commander D. E. Brown as CTU 94.6.21. Thus, Woodworth became the station ship for the Ulithi Surface Patrol and Escort Group and participated in search and rescue operations for the remainder of March. Woodworth next underwent tender availability and took patrol station off Mugai Channel at the entrance to Ulithi Harbor on 25 April. She took part in escort and gunnery exercises with Enterprise and until 5 May.
Woodworth patrolled the transport anchorage area southwest of Okinawa on 9 May; the following day, she escorted the carrier to Kerama Retto harbor and there joined a task unit consisting of six CVEs and nine escorts. From 10 May through 28 May, Woodworth took part in daily air strikes on Okinawa. On 28 May, she and escorted the carrier to Kerama Retto, Okinawa Shima, where Woodworth underwent repairs until 6 June. The following day, while conducting air strikes on Miyako Retto of Sakishimo Gunto, two undetected enemy planes closed the formation and made suicide dives on the escort carriers. One crashed into Natoma Bay and the other into the sea.
Woodworth supported air strikes on Okinawa; Kyūshū, Japan; and various islands of the Ryukyus from 8 June until 21 June when she rescued a crashed pilot from the carrier . She spent 22 and 23 June on radar picket duty off Okinawa and departed the Ryukyus on 24 June, bound for Leyte Gulf. She underwent tender availability from 1 to 10 July when she turned her attention to screening the fueling and replenishing of TF 38 (Fast Carrier Force) and devoted the remainder of July to assisting logistic operations for the Fast Carrier Force during strikes on the main islands of Japan.
On 2 August, Woodworth escorted the oiler via Guam to Ulithi. On 12 August, Woodworth joined in an attempt to rescue a downed pilot, but he was dead when help arrived. On 14 August, Woodworth was ordered to proceed independently to Iwo Jima to pick up mail and passengers for the Fast Carrier Force. She joined in the refueling and replenishment of the flattops on 18 August. On 22 August, she was then assigned to a task unit organized around Rear Admiral Thomas L. Sprague in the carrier which was charged with providing air coverage for the first occupation force to go to the Japanese homeland. On 5 September, Woodworth took part in firing practices and replenishment until 10 September when she anchored in Tokyo Bay. But for brief training and escort periods at sea, she remained there through the end of the month.
On 1 October, Woodworth got underway for Okinawa and left that island on 6 October, bound for home with 50 men and eight officers embarked as passengers for the voyage. She arrived in Portland, Oregon, on 19 October and, 10 days later, headed south for San Pedro, California.
Post War and the Italian Navy
Woodworth was transferred to the Atlantic Fleet in November and proceeded through the Panama Canal to Charleston, South Carolina. After inactivation overhaul there, the destroyer was placed out of commission, in reserve, on 11 April 1946. She was placed in service on 30 January 1947 for Naval Reserve training duty. Placed in full commission on 21 November 1950, the ship was briefly assigned to the 3rd Naval District before she was decommissioned at the New York Naval Shipyard on 14 January 1951 and overhauled to prepare her for transfer to Italy. Her name was struck from the Navy list on 22 January 1951, and she was turned over to the Italian Navy on 11 June 1951.
Artigliere (D 553)
She served Italy as Artigliere (D 553), operating as a fleet destroyer and for some time as command ship for motor torpedo boat flotillas until struck from the Italian Naval Vessel Register in January 1971. After 1971 she was used for turbine instruction for naval cadets, one of her propellers – with the name Woodworth inscribed – stands on a plinth in front of the naval school of Cala Chiesa, La Maddalena, Sardinia. After being used for sometime for educational purposes at La Maddalena, she was taken to the La Spezia Naval Base in 1981. On 27 May 1983, she was once again taken in tow out of the Gulf of La Spezia and sunk by an experimental torpedo by the submarine Nazario Sauro.
References
External links
USS Woodworth website at Destroyer History Foundation
Destroyer Artigliere Marina Militare website
Benson-class destroyers
Ships built in San Francisco
1941 ships
World War II destroyers of the United States
Woodworth political family |
```c++
/*=============================================================================
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at path_to_url
==============================================================================*/
#if !defined(BOOST_SPIRIT_LAZY_NOVEMBER_04_2008_1157AM)
#define BOOST_SPIRIT_LAZY_NOVEMBER_04_2008_1157AM
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma once
#endif
#include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_core.hpp>
#include <boost/proto/proto.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/home/support/modify.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/home/support/detail/is_spirit_tag.hpp>
namespace boost { namespace spirit
{
template <typename Eval>
typename proto::terminal<phoenix::actor<Eval> >::type
lazy(phoenix::actor<Eval> const& f)
{
return proto::terminal<phoenix::actor<Eval> >::type::make(f);
}
namespace tag
{
struct lazy_eval
{
BOOST_SPIRIT_IS_TAG()
};
}
template <typename Domain>
struct is_modifier_directive<Domain, tag::lazy_eval>
: mpl::true_ {};
}}
#endif
``` |
Ramazan Magomedov (born in Dagestan) whose second name is also sometimes spelt Magamedau is a Belarusian amateur boxer who qualified for the 2008 Olympics at light-heavyweight.
The elusive Magomedov lost to Tony Jeffries at the 2007 World Championships.
He beat Kenneth Egan at the first qualifier, though, and punched his ticket to Beijing where he was edged out in his first bout by Ramadan Yasser.
He currently boxes for the World Series Boxing team Azerbaijan Baku Fires, with a record of 12 wins and 0 losses .
External links
First Qualifier
Light-heavyweight boxers
Living people
Boxers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Olympic boxers for Belarus
Belarusian male boxers
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Monterey Bandstand, also known as Kleckner Park Bandstand, is a historic bandstand located at Monterey, Pulaski County, Indiana. It was built in 1912, and is a wood-frame structure measuring 12 feet, 6 inches, wide, and 20 feet long. It is raised on 30 inch high piers. The building has a hipped roof and exhibits Queen Anne style design elements. The bandstand was restored in 1979.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.
The grandstand has deteriorated during the last several years due to flooding, weather and some vandalism. It has been sold to a private owner and will soon no longer be the property of the town of Monterey. The structure must be removed by the owner by Feb. 24, 2017.
References
Event venues on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana
Queen Anne architecture in Indiana
Buildings and structures completed in 1912
Buildings and structures in Pulaski County, Indiana
National Register of Historic Places in Pulaski County, Indiana |
```smalltalk
using Foundation;
[Protocol]
[Preserve (AllMembers = true)]
[Preserve (AllMembers = true)]
partial interface BI1059 { }
``` |
```javascript
import Datepicker from '@/components/Datepicker.vue'
import {shallow} from '@vue/test-utils'
describe('Datepicker.vue inline', () => {
let wrapper
beforeEach(() => {
wrapper = shallow(Datepicker, {
propsData: {
inline: true
}
})
})
it('should not showCalendar as already open', () => {
expect(wrapper.vm.showCalendar()).toEqual(false)
expect(wrapper.vm.isInline).toEqual(true)
})
it('should not close the calendar when date is selected', () => {
const date = new Date()
wrapper.vm.selectDate({timestamp: date.getTime()})
expect(wrapper.vm.isOpen).toEqual(true)
document.body.click()
expect(wrapper.vm.isOpen).toEqual(true)
})
})
``` |
José Alexandre "Xanana" Gusmão , (; born 20 June 1946) is an East Timorese politician who has served as the prime minister of East Timor since 2023, previously serving in that position from 2007 to 2015. A former rebel, he also served as East Timor's first president since its re-establishment of independence, from 20 May 2002 to 20 May 2007.
Early life and career
Gusmão was born in Manatuto, in what was then Portuguese Timor, to parents of mixed Portuguese-Timorese ancestry, both of whom were school teachers. His family were assimilados. He attended a Jesuit high school just outside Dili. After leaving high-school for financial reasons in 1961, at the age of 15, he held a variety of unskilled jobs, while continuing his education at night school. In 1965, at the age of 19, he met Emilia Batista, who was later to become his wife. His nickname, "Xanana", was taken from the name of the American rock and roll band "Sha Na Na", (which is pronounced the same as "Xanana" which is spelled according to Portuguese and Tetum spelling rules) who in turn were named after a lyric from the doo-wop song "Get a Job" written and recorded in 1957 by the Silhouettes.
In 1966, Gusmão obtained a position with the public service, which allowed him to continue his education. This was interrupted in 1968 when Gusmão was recruited by the Portuguese Army for national service. He served for three years, rising to the rank of corporal. During this time, he married Emilia Batista, with whom he had a son Eugenio, and a daughter Zenilda. He has since divorced Emilia, and in 2000, he married Australian Kirsty Sword, with whom he had three sons: Alexandre, Kay Olok and Daniel. In 1971, Gusmão completed his national service, his son was born, and he became involved with a nationalist organisation headed by José Ramos-Horta. For the next three years he was actively involved in peaceful protests directed at the colonial system.
It was in 1974 that a coup in Portugal resulted in the beginning of decolonisation for Portuguese Timor, and shortly afterwards the Governor Mário Lemos Pires announced plans to grant the colony independence. Plans were drawn up to hold general elections with a view to independence in 1978. During most of 1975 a bitter internal struggle occurred between two rival factions in Portuguese Timor. Gusmão became deeply involved with the Fretilin faction, and as a result he was arrested and imprisoned by the rival faction the Timorese Democratic Union (UDT) in mid-1975. Taking advantage of the internal disorder, and with an eye to absorbing the colony, Indonesia immediately began a campaign of destabilisation, and frequent raids into Portuguese Timor were staged from Indonesian West Timor. By late 1975 the Fretilin faction had gained control of Portuguese Timor and Gusmão was released from prison. He was given the position of Press Secretary within the Fretilin organisation. On 28 November 1975, Fretilin declared the independence of Portuguese Timor as "The Democratic Republic of East Timor", and Gusmão was responsible for filming the ceremony. Nine days later, Indonesia invaded East Timor. At the time Gusmão was visiting friends outside of Dili and he witnessed the invasion from the hills. For the next few days he searched for his family.
Indonesian occupation
After the appointment of the Provisional Government of East Timor by Indonesia, Gusmão became heavily involved in resistance activities. Gusmão was largely responsible for the level of organisation that evolved in the resistance, which ultimately led to its success. The early days featured Gusmão walking from village to village to obtain support and recruits. In 1977, Gusmão was the aide-de-camp to Fretilin political commissar Abel Larisina and organised supplies for civilians at the resistance base at Matebian. In November 1978, the base was destroyed by the Indonesians. But after Fretilin suffered some major setbacks in the early 1980s, including a failed 1984 coup attempt against Gusmão led by four senior Falintil officers, including Mauk Moruk, Gusmão left Fretilin and supported various centrist coalitions, eventually becoming a leading opponent of Fretilin. In March 1981, a secret national conference in Lacluta elected him head of Falintil, succeeding the slain Nicolau dos Reis Lobatos.
In 1988, Gusmão became leader of the newly formed National Council of Resistance (CNRT). To avoid being seen as partisan, Gusmão left Fretilin for this. Under his leadership, FALINTIL relied more on clandestine underground networks and used small groups to attack Indonesian targets. By the mid-1980s, he was a major leader. During the early 1990s, Gusmão became deeply involved in diplomacy and media management, and was instrumental in alerting the world to the massacre in Dili that occurred in Santa Cruz on 12 November 1991. Gusmão was interviewed by many major media channels and obtained worldwide attention.
As a result of his high profile, Gusmão became a prime target of the Indonesian government. Indonesian troops (TNI) attempted to capture Gusmão in the Same and Ainaro area on 14 November 1990 with Operasi Senyum ("Operation Smile"). Four days earlier, a woman had been captured who testified during interrogation that the rebel leader was staying at a nearby mountain. Xanana Gusmão, however, probably escaped one night before the attack. After the attack, in which twelve battalions and four helicopters were deployed, the military claimed to have found about 100 fighters. Also found was a container with Gusmão's documents, a video camera and his typewriter. Among the documents were letters from the Pope and Bishop Carlos Belo. According to a traditional Timorese legend, some warriors were able to transform themselves into dogs to escape their captors. Picking up on this myth, the legend spread that Gusmão could also turn into a white dog and thus run around the village unnoticed while the Indonesian soldiers were looking for him.
In November 1992, a campaign for his capture Gusmão was finally successful in a large-scale operation by the Indonesian military with Gusmão apprehanded in a tunnel under the family home of Aliança Araújo in Lahane near Dili and taken to Bali. In May 1993, Gusmão was tried, convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment by the Indonesian government. He was found guilty under Article 108 of the Indonesian Penal Code (rebellion), Law no. 12 of 1951 (illegal possession of firearms) and Article 106 (attempting to separate part of the territory of Indonesia). He spoke in his own defence and he was appointed with defence lawyers before the commencement of his trial. The sentence was commuted to 20 years by the Indonesian President Suharto in August 1993. He was taken to Jakarta's maximum security prison, Cipinang. Although not released until late 1999, Gusmão successfully led the resistance from within prison with the help of Kirsty Sword. Prior to his release, the United Kingdom offered Gusmão political asylum to ensure his safety. The Xanana Room at the British Embassy in Jakarta commemorates this today. By the time of his release, he was regularly visited by United Nations representatives, and dignitaries such as Nelson Mandela.
Transition to independence
On 30 August 1999, a referendum was held in East Timor and an overwhelming majority voted for independence. The Indonesian military commenced a campaign of terror as a result, with terrible consequences. Although the Indonesian government denied ordering this offensive, they were widely condemned for failing to prevent it. As a result of overwhelming diplomatic pressure from the United Nations, promoted by Portugal since the late 1970s and also by the United States and Australia in the 1990s, a UN-sanctioned, Australian-led international peace-keeping force (INTERFET) entered East Timor. Upon his return to his native East Timor, he began a campaign of reconciliation and rebuilding.
In 1999, Xanana Gusmão was elected speaker of the National Consultative Council (NCC), a kind of transitional parliament during the UN administration of East Timor. On October 23, 2000, Gusmão also became spokesman for the subsequent National Council (NC). Gusmão was appointed to a senior role in the UN administration that governed East Timor until 20 May 2002. During this time he continually campaigned for unity and peace within East Timor, and was generally regarded as the de facto leader of the emerging nation. Elections were held in late 2001 and Gusmão, endorsed by nine parties but not by Fretilin, ran as an independent and was comfortably elected leader.
Gusmão eventually won the presidential election on April 14, 2002 with 82.7% against his opponent Francisco Xavier do Amaral and the first president of East Timor when it became formally independent on 20 May 2002. Gusmão has published an autobiography with selected writings entitled To Resist Is to Win. He is the main narrator of the film A Hero's Journey/Where the Sun Rises, a 2006 documentary about him and East Timor. According to director Grace Phan, it's an "intimate insight into the personal transformation" of the man who helped shape and liberate East Timor.
Independent East Timor
On 21 June 2006, Gusmão called for Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri to resign or else he would, as allegations that Alkatiri had ordered a hit squad to threaten and kill his political opponents led to a large backlash. Senior members of the Fretilin party met on 25 June to discuss Alkatiri's future as the Prime Minister, amidst a protest involving thousands of people calling for Alkatiri to resign instead of Gusmão. Despite receiving a vote of confidence from his party, Alkatiri resigned on 26 June 2006 to end the uncertainty. In announcing this he said, "I declare I am ready to resign my position as prime minister of the government...so as to avoid the resignation of His Excellency the President of the Republic [Xanana Gusmão]." The 'hit squad' accusations against Alkatiri were subsequently rejected by a UN Commission, which also criticised Gusmão for making inflammatory statements during the crisis.
Gusmão declined to run for another term in the April 2007 presidential election. In March 2007 he said that he would lead the new National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT) into the parliamentary election planned to be held later in the year, and said that he would be willing to become prime minister if his party won the election. He was succeeded as president by José Ramos-Horta on 20 May 2007. The CNRT placed second in the June 2007 parliamentary election, behind Fretilin, taking 24.10% of the vote and 18 seats. He won a seat in parliament as the first name on the CNRT's candidate list. The CNRT allied with other parties to form a coalition that would hold a majority of seats in parliament. After weeks of dispute between this coalition and Fretilin over who should form the government, Ramos-Horta announced on 6 August that the CNRT-led coalition would form the government and that Gusmão would become Prime Minister on 8 August. Gusmão was sworn in at the presidential palace in Dili on 8 August.
On 11 February 2008, a motorcade containing Gusmão came under gunfire one hour after President José Ramos-Horta was shot in the stomach. Gusmão's residence was also occupied by rebels. According to the Associated Press, the incidents raised the possibility of a coup attempt; they have also described as possible assassination attempts and kidnap attempts.
In the 2012 parliamentary elections in East Timor, Gusmão succeeded in re-entering parliament. With the CNRT as the strongest party, he also leads the new government as Prime Minister and Minister of Defence. Alfredo Pires took over as Minister of Petroleum and Natural Resources. Again, Gusmão renounced his seat in parliament.
At the beginning of 2015, Gusmão announced his intention to reshuffle the government and also to resign early himself. On 5 February, he informed his coalition partners that he intended to propose former Health Minister Rui Araújo as his successor and resigned by writing to President Taur Matan Ruak. The President accepted his resignation and appointed Araújo to form a new government. The handover of office took place on 16 February. In the new government, Gusmão is "Consultative Minister" and Minister of Planning and Strategic Investment.
In the 2017 parliamentary elections in East Timor, Gusmão succeeded in entering parliament as the CNRT's list leader. However, the CNRT suffered heavy losses and came a close second behind Fretilin. On 4 August 2017, Gusmão announced his resignation as CNRT party leader. However, this resignation was not accepted at the extraordinary party congress and was later simply ignored. The CNRT went into opposition, which is why Gusmão lost his ministerial post. He also renounced his seat in parliament after the first day of the session.
In the border disputes between Australia and East Timor, Gusmão worked as East Timor's chief negotiator. After the successful conclusion of the new Timor Sea border treaty on 6 March 2018, he received a triumphant reception and a heroes welcome from thousands of East Timorese on his return to Dili. In the 2018 general elections, Gusmão represented the CNRT in the Alliance for Change and Progress (AMP) trio and entered parliament at number one on the list. However, he renounced his mandate already for the first session on 13 June. On 5 July, Gusmão was appointed Minister of State of the Council of the Prime Minister and Minister of Planning and Strategic Investment by President Francisco Guterres. Due to the conflict with the President of the Republic over the appointment of CNRT ministers, Gusmão stayed away from the scheduled dates of his swearing-in ceremony and eventually renounced his position in the VIII Government. However, he continued to have responsibility for the Maritime Boundaries Office and continued negotiations with Australia until 2022. On 18 December 2019, Gusmão was also appointed by Cabinet as the Blue Economy Representative.
In the 2022 East Timor presidential elections, Gusmão ran Ramos-Horta as the CNRT candidate. Gusmão played a central role in the election campaign, pushing Ramos-Horta into the background. In the event of an election, Gusmão announced that Ramos-Horta would dissolve parliament and call early elections. Ramos-Horta was more cautious about the matter and instead announced that he wanted to hold talks with all parties. On 20 May 2022, Ramos-Horta took up his second term as President.
In October 2022, several families in Dili's Aimeti Laran and Becusi Craic neighbourhoods were to be evicted from their homes. The landowner had enforced this in court, while the families justified their right to live there by saying they had been living there for decades. A team from the District Court and the National Police had already removed the belongings of seven families in Becusi Craic when Xanana Gusmão intervened with media attention. He ordered the police officers to carry the families' belongings back into the houses and waited until they had finished the job. As a result, Judge Zulmira Auxiliadora Barros da Silva, who had ordered the evictions, was publicly defamed. The events became known as the "Aimeti Laran case" and the "Becussi Craic". In April 2023, the Conselho Superior da Magistratura Judicial (CSMJ) issued a press release expressing regret for the judge's "campaign of professional disparagement" and criticising the "total obstruction" of the execution of the sentence with the media present. The CSMJ concluded that the judge had acted correctly, declared its solidarity with the judicial officials involved and insisted on the sovereignty of the judiciary.
In the 2023 East Timorese parliamentary election, the CNRT won 41% of the votes and gained 31 seats out of 65 in the National Parliament. On 1 July 2023, Gusmao was sworn in as prime minister after his party's victory in the parliamentary election.
Awards and honours
Awards
In 1999, Gusmão was awarded the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought.
In 2000, he was awarded the Sydney Peace Prize for being a "courageous and principled leader for the independence of the East Timorese people".
Also in 2000, he won the first Gwangju Prize for Human Rights, created to honour "individuals, groups or institutions in Korea and abroad that have contributed in promoting and advancing human rights, democracy and peace through their work."
In 2002, he was awarded the North–South Prize by the Council of Europe.
Gusmão is an Eminent Member of the Sérgio Vieira de Mello Foundation.
Honours
: First Class Adipurna of the Star of the Republic of Indonesia (10 October 2014)
: Honorary Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit (6 July 2000)
:
Grand Collar of the Order of Prince Henry (13 November 2007)
Grand Cross of the Order of Liberty (9 June 1993)
: Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (2003)
Notes
References
Further reading
External links
Official biography (earlier version)
1946 births
East Timorese Christian socialists
East Timorese people of Portuguese descent
Grand Crosses of the Order of Liberty
Grand Crosses of the Order of Prince Henry
Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Honorary Companions of the New Zealand Order of Merit
East Timorese humanitarians
Living people
National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction politicians
People from Manatuto District
Presidents of East Timor
Prime Ministers of East Timor
Fretilin politicians
Defense ministers of East Timor
Sakharov Prize laureates
Recipients of the Grand Cross of the Order of Ipiranga |
```css
Responsive images in a layout
Using `@media` rule to create cross platform responsiveness
Flexbox `flex-wrap`
Using `flex-grow`
Using `flex-shrink`
``` |
```objective-c
//
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#pragma once
#include <memory>
#include <vector>
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/operator.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/operators/controlflow/op_variant.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/operators/controlflow/pylayer_op.h"
#include "paddle/utils/string/string_helper.h"
namespace paddle {
namespace framework {
class ProgramDesc;
} // namespace framework
} // namespace paddle
namespace paddle {
namespace operators {
void PrepareSafeEagerDeletionOnPyLayerOpAndPyLayerGradOp(
const framework::ProgramDesc &program,
int block_id,
const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<framework::OperatorBase>> &all_ops);
void PrepareSafeEagerDeletionOnPyLayerOpAndPyLayerGradOp(
const framework::ProgramDesc &program,
const std::vector<OpVariant> &pylayer_ops,
const std::vector<OpVariant> &pylayer_grad_ops);
} // namespace operators
} // namespace paddle
``` |
The Kaosikii or Kaos'ikii dance is a dance invented on September 6, 1978 by the Indian philosopher and social reformer Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar aka Shrii Shrii Anandamurti (1921–1990).
Sarkar claims the kaos'ikii dance is a psycho-physical exercise which would benefit the mind by developing mental stamina and strength. Some hints to this dance are also contained in the speech "The Cosmic Father Has a Special Responsibility" given in Madras (India) on December 4, 1978 and later published in "Ánanda Vacanámrtam Part 6, Chapter 5" and "Discourses on Tantra Volume Two, Chapter 23".
Etymology
“The name Kaoshikii comes from the Sanskrit word kosha, meaning “layer of mind”. Kaoshikii develops the subtler layers of mind, cultivating the feeling of mysticism – the endeavour to establish a link between the finite and the infinite – in one’s consciousness. It instils self-confidence and encourages self-expression."
See also
Ananda Marga
Ananda Marga College
Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar
References
Sources
External links
Kaoshikii: meanings and benefits
Health and Kaosikii dance (Bengali)
Kaosikii nrtya
Kaoshikii – The Dance of the Divine
1978 introductions
Asian dances
Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar
Sacred dance
Tantric practices |
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
path_to_url
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
specific language governing permissions and limitations
-->
<!DOCTYPE concept PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Concept//EN" "concept.dtd">
<concept id="parquet_read_page_index">
<title>PARQUET_READ_PAGE_INDEX Query Option</title>
<titlealts audience="PDF">
<navtitle>PARQUET READ PAGE INDEX</navtitle>
</titlealts>
<prolog>
<metadata>
<data name="Category" value="Impala"/>
<data name="Category" value="Impala Query Options"/>
<data name="Category" value="Parquet"/>
<data name="Category" value="Developers"/>
<data name="Category" value="Data Analysts"/>
</metadata>
</prolog>
<conbody>
<p>
Use the <codeph>PARQUET_READ_PAGE_INDEX</codeph> query option to disable or enable using
the Parquet page index during scans. The page index contains min/max statistics at the
page-level granularity. It can be used to skip pages and rows that do not match the
conditions in the <codeph>WHERE</codeph> clause.
</p>
<p>
This option enables the same optimization as the <codeph>PARQUET_READ_STATISTICS</codeph>
at the finer grained page level.
</p>
<p>
Impala supports filtering based on Parquet statistics:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
Of the types: Boolean, Integer, Decimal, String, Timestamp
</li>
<li>
For simple predicates of the forms: <codeph><slot> <op> <constant></codeph> or
<codeph><constant> <op> <slot></codeph>, where <codeph><op></codeph> is LT,
LE, GE, GT, and EQ
</li>
</ul>
<p>
The supported values for the query option are:
<ul>
<li>
<codeph>true</codeph> (<codeph>1</codeph>): Read the page-level statistics from the
Parquet page index during query processing and filter out pages based on the
statistics.
</li>
<li>
<codeph>false</codeph> (<codeph>0</codeph>): Do not use the Parquet page index.
</li>
<li>
Any other values are treated as <codeph>false</codeph>.
</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
<b>Type:</b> Boolean
</p>
<p>
<b>Default:</b> <codeph>TRUE</codeph>
</p>
</conbody>
</concept>
``` |
```c
/* xmtx.c -- mutex support for VC++ */
#include "xmtx.h"
#include <awint.h>
#if !_MULTI_THREAD
#else /* !_MULTI_THREAD */
/* Win32 critical sections are recursive */
void __CLRCALL_PURE_OR_CDECL _Mtxinit(_Rmtx *_Mtx)
{ /* initialize mutex */
__crtInitializeCriticalSectionEx(_Mtx, 4000, 0);
}
void __CLRCALL_PURE_OR_CDECL _Mtxdst(_Rmtx *_Mtx)
{ /* delete mutex */
DeleteCriticalSection(_Mtx);
}
_RELIABILITY_CONTRACT
void __CLRCALL_PURE_OR_CDECL _Mtxlock(_Rmtx *_Mtx)
{ /* lock mutex */
#ifdef _M_CEE
System::Threading::Thread::BeginThreadAffinity();
#endif /* _M_CEE */
EnterCriticalSection(_Mtx);
}
_RELIABILITY_CONTRACT
void __CLRCALL_PURE_OR_CDECL _Mtxunlock(_Rmtx *_Mtx)
{ /* unlock mutex */
LeaveCriticalSection(_Mtx);
#ifdef _M_CEE
System::Threading::Thread::EndThreadAffinity();
#endif /* _M_CEE */
}
#endif /* !_MULTI_THREAD */
/*
* Consult your license regarding permissions and restrictions.
V6.50:0009 */
``` |
```java
/**
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package org.thingsboard.server.common.data.device.profile;
public enum AlarmConditionSpecType {
SIMPLE,
DURATION,
REPEATING
}
``` |
Caster Chronicles is a series of young adult fiction novels written by Kami Garcia and Margaret Stohl that were published in the United States by Little, Brown and Company. It comprises four novels that were published between 2009 and 2012. In 2014, it was followed by a second series set in the same universe, Dangerous Creatures. The series is told from the viewpoint of the teenage boy Ethan Wate.
Synopsis
The series follows Ethan Wate, a 16-year-old boy that dreams of leaving his small South Carolina town for something larger. At the start of the series. he falls in love with Lena Duchannes, a new girl that is part of a secret section of people called Casters, who can work magic. The two find that there are several obstacles to their love, most notably the social and cultural differences between their two societies and the fact that Ethan cannot touch Lena for extended periods of time without suffering a severe electric shock. Throughout the series, Lena is troubled by the fact that she must claim herself as either a Light or Dark Caster on her 16th birthday and in the first novel manages to perform a spell that prevents her from having to make the choice. However, in the process, Ethan is mortally wounded, and Lena is forced to perform another spell to bring him back to life, which causes her to distance herself from him out of fear that he will be further harmed. Their relationship is further harmed by the introduction of Liv, a secondary love interest for Ethan who is also aware of the Caster world.
As the series progresses, Ethan finds that he is constantly haunted by a series of strange songs, and Lena is further tempted by various family members (including her mother and her cousin Ridley) to claim herself as a Dark Caster. Those ongoing problems pose serious threats to their romance but are ultimately unsuccessful as Ethan and Lena are inevitably and continually drawn to each other. The only true barrier to their love comes in the form of a prophecy that the "One Who Is Two" must be sacrificed to bring Order back to the world. Initially, they believe that to be Lena due to her dual Light/Dark nature, but they find that it actually refers to Ethan, as his resurrection was done too quickly, and part of his soul was left behind in the underworld. Knowing that is the only way to keep everyone he knows and loves safe, Ethan voluntarily throws himself off of the town's water tower to his death, and both parts of his soul are reunited.
In the underworld, Ethan finds that he still has limited communication with the living world and so manages to communicate with family members. He also discovers that he can come back to life but only through a difficult ordeal that requires him to remove his page from The Caster Chronicles, which is held by the Keepers at the Gates of the Far Keep. Ethan barely manages to succeed at this task and returns to the living world, where he is reunited with Lena. Although left with more questions than answers to everything, Ethan finds that he can now touch Lena without physical harm, which allows them to finally become a true couple.
Novels
Beautiful Creatures (December 1, 2009)
Beautiful Darkness (October 12, 2010)
Beautiful Chaos (October 18, 2011)
Beautiful Redemption (October 23, 2012)
Reception
Critical reception for the series has been largely positive, and the books were praised by multiple media outlets.
Adaptations
There have been two adaptations of the work, the 2013 film Beautiful Creatures and a manga adaptation that was illustrated by Cassandra Jean.
Film
In 2013 Alcon Entertainment produced a movie version of the first novel, which was directed by Richard LaGravenese. The movie starred Alden Ehrenreich and Alice Englert as Ethan Wate and Lena Duchannes and was released on February 14, 2013. The film was a box-office bomb and a critical disappointment.
Dangerous Creatures
In 2013 Garcia and Stohl announced that they had begun work on a new series set within the same universe as the Caster Chronicles. The series, which is entitled Dangerous Creatures, follows the relationship between Ethan's friend Link and his girlfriend Ridley, a Siren and Lena's cousin. The two authors launched the series on December 17, 2013 with the e-novella Dangerous Dream, and the first novel in the series was published on May 6, 2014.
Books
Dangerous Dream (Prequel, 2013)
Dangerous Creatures (2014)
Dangerous Deception (2015)
A group of short stories has also been published:
The Mortal Heart (2015)
The Seer's Spread (2015)
Before the Claiming (2015)
A Gatlin Wedding (2016)
References
External links
American young adult novels
Book series introduced in 2009
Young adult novel series
Novels about witches and witchcraft |
```xml
<!--
~ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
~ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
~
~ path_to_url
~
~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-->
<dataset>
<metadata>
<column name="relid"/>
<column name="schemaname"/>
<column name="relname"/>
<column name="seq_scan"/>
<column name="seq_tup_read"/>
<column name="idx_scan"/>
<column name="idx_tup_fetch"/>
<column name="n_tup_ins"/>
<column name="n_tup_upd"/>
<column name="n_tup_del"/>
<column name="n_tup_hot_upd"/>
<column name="n_live_tup"/>
<column name="n_dead_tup"/>
<column name="last_vacuum"/>
<column name="last_autovacuum"/>
<column name="last_analyze"/>
<column name="last_autoanalyze"/>
<column name="vacuum_count"/>
<column name="autovacuum_count"/>
<column name="analyze_count"/>
<column name="autoanalyze_count"/>
<column name="last_data_changed"/>
</metadata>
</dataset>
``` |
```python
# your_sha256_hash___________
#
# Pyomo: Python Optimization Modeling Objects
# National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC
# Under the terms of Contract DE-NA0003525 with National Technology and
# Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, the U.S. Government retains certain
# rights in this software.
# your_sha256_hash___________
import pyomo.core.beta.dict_objects
import pyomo.core.beta.list_objects
``` |
Robert Healey may refer to:
Robert Healey (cricketer) (born 1934), English right-handed batsman
Robert J. Healey (1957–2016), American businessman and political candidate from Rhode Island
Robert Healey, American labor union leader, headed Chicago Federation of Labor
See also
Robert Healy (disambiguation)
Healey (surname) |
```objective-c
/*
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY APPLE COMPUTER, INC. ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE COMPUTER, INC. OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
* OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef VTTRegionList_h
#define VTTRegionList_h
#include "bindings/core/v8/ScriptWrappable.h"
#include "core/html/track/vtt/VTTRegion.h"
#include "wtf/PassRefPtr.h"
#include "wtf/RefCounted.h"
#include "wtf/Vector.h"
namespace blink {
class VTTRegionList final : public RefCountedWillBeGarbageCollected<VTTRegionList>, public ScriptWrappable {
DEFINE_WRAPPERTYPEINFO();
public:
static PassRefPtrWillBeRawPtr<VTTRegionList> create()
{
return adoptRefWillBeNoop(new VTTRegionList());
}
unsigned long length() const;
VTTRegion* item(unsigned index) const;
VTTRegion* getRegionById(const String&) const;
void add(PassRefPtrWillBeRawPtr<VTTRegion>);
bool remove(VTTRegion*);
DECLARE_TRACE();
private:
VTTRegionList();
WillBeHeapVector<RefPtrWillBeMember<VTTRegion>> m_list;
};
} // namespace blink
#endif // VTTRegionList_h
``` |
```haskell
-- editorconfig-checker-disable-file
{-# LANGUAGE ApplicativeDo #-}
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# LANGUAGE QuasiQuotes #-}
{-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-}
module Main (main) where
import PlutusTx.Options qualified as O
import Control.Lens
import Data.Map qualified as Map
import Data.Text (Text)
import Data.Text qualified as Text
import Data.Text.IO qualified as Text
import Options.Applicative qualified as OA
import Prettyprinter
import PyF (fmt)
newtype Params = Params
{paramOutputFile :: Text}
parseParams :: OA.Parser Params
parseParams = do
paramOutputFile <-
OA.argument OA.str $
mconcat
[ OA.metavar "OUTPUT_FILE"
, OA.help "Output file path"
]
pure Params{..}
main :: IO ()
main = do
params <-
OA.execParser $
OA.info
(parseParams OA.<**> OA.helper)
(OA.fullDesc <> OA.header "Generate plugin option documentation")
Text.writeFile (Text.unpack $ paramOutputFile params) optionsTable
optionsTable :: Text
optionsTable = Text.stripStart $ [fmt|
---
sidebar_position: 5
---
# Plutus Tx compiler options
<!---
This file is generated by running plutus-tx-plugin:gen-plugin-opts-doc.
Do NOT modify by hand.
--->
These options can be passed to the compiler via the `OPTIONS_GHC` pragma, for instance
``` haskell
{{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fplugin-opt PlutusTx.Plugin:dump-uplc #-}}
{{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fplugin-opt PlutusTx.Plugin:max-simplifier-iterations-uplc=3 #-}}
```
For each boolean option, you can add a `no-` prefix to switch it off, such as `no-typecheck`, `no-simplifier-beta`.
|Option|Value Type|Default|Description|
|-|-|-|-|
{Text.unlines $ uncurry genRow <$> Map.toList O.pluginOptions}
|]
genRow :: O.OptionKey -> O.PluginOption -> Text
genRow k (O.PluginOption tr _ field desc _) =
[fmt||`{k}`|{show tr}|{show (pretty defaultValue)}|{desc}||]
where
defaultValue = O.defaultPluginOptions ^. field
``` |
Kris Menace (born Christoph Hoeffel) is a German electronic musician and music producer.
History
Christophe Hoeffel began to work as a producer and writer in the mid-1990s for different projects and started using the pseudonym "Kris Menace" in 2005.
Menace's debut single "Discopolis" (in collaboration with his friend Lifelike) was released on Alan Braxe's label Vulture Music in 2005. "Discopolis" was later picked up by Defected Records and re-released with various remixes (such as that of Kerri Chandler) and a video directed by Seb Janiak. It became a huge hit in late 2006, reaching #10 in Finland and #89 in the UK Singles Chart.
Menace later formed his label Compuphonic and continued to release singles under its imprint. In 2006, Kris also started DJing with Alan Braxe, who was part of "Stardust" with Thomas Bangalter from Daft Punk, and together they released the single "Lumberjack" in June 2007 on Vulture Music. In 2008, he teamed up with the UK band Spooky to release the track "Stereophonic", as well as with Felix da Housecat to produce the house anthem "Artificial". and Rex the Dog to produce "POW!". His Kylie Minogue remix was featured on Kylie Minogue's Aphrodite special edition album. His remix of LCD Soundsystem's "North American Scum" became part of their album Sound of Silver in different territories such as Japan. His remix for Monarchy's "The Phoenix Alive" was used in the FIFA 12 video game soundtrack. In November 2010, Kris did a minimix on Annie Mac's Radio1 show and broke the record of number of used singles with 240 tracks played within five minutes.
From May 2009 to August 2010, Kris Menace had a weekly radio residency at Radio FG in Paris.
Kris Menace released his debut album Idiosyncrasies in May 2009 on three CDs, followed by the singles "Metropolis" and "Idiosyncrasy". Later, UK pop singer Emil resung the samples from "The Dream" and the song became released as "Walking on the Moon". It entered the US Billboard Hot Dance Chart at #8. In September 2010, Kris released his Masquerade EP on Steve Angello's SIZE Label, which was followed up by his "Phoenix & Triangle" release in January 2011 as well as "Alpha Omega" with acid house founder DJ Pierre.
Kris is also part of different projects and released under a number of aliases, including Cut Glass (with Maxwell Cooke), Stars on 33 (with Lawrence "LT" Thompson, Love on Laserdisc (with Ludovic Bordas), Jaunt and Black Van (DFA) and owns different record labels like Compuphonic or Work It Baby, where he nurtured artists such as Lifelike, Fred Falke and others.
The first release of his project Black Van, together with koweSix from Moonbootica, was released on LCD Soundsystem's DFA label and became nominated for the Nu-disco Track of the Year 2009 based on sales. "Black Van"'s follow up single "Moments of Excellence / The Calling (feat. Holy Ghost!)" was released in November 2010 on the label Permanent Vacation and "Inside", which entered the Hypem Charts at #1.
In November 2012, Kris released his album Features. The first single and video was "Hide", a collaboration with Miss Kittin that received a Vimeo Staff Pick. The video for the single "Lone Runner" was presented by MTV.com on 21 December 2012, followed by "Trusting Me" in February 2013,
Discography
Albums
Idiosyncrasies (April 2009)
Selected (April 2009) (iTunes Only)
Idiosyncrasies (Special Edition) (April 2010)
Electric Horizon (April 2012)
Features (November 2012)
Electric Horizon - Live In Barcelona (April 2013)
The Entirety of Matter (November 2013)
Sun, Moon & Stars (January 2014) (as Menace and Lord)
Singles
Lifelike & Kris Menace – "Discopolis" (Vulture / 2005)
Kris Menace – "Voyage" (Compuphonic / 2005)
Lifelike & Kris Menace – "Discopolis (Remixes)" (Vulture / Defected / 2006)
Kris Menace – "Jupiter" (Compuphonic / 2006)
Kris Menace feat. Fred Falke – "Fairlight" (Compuphonic / 2007)
Alan Braxe & Kris Menace – "Lumberjack" (Vulture / 2007)
Kris Menace – "Steamroller" (Compuphonic / 2008)
Kris Menace & Spooky – "Stereophonic" (Compuphonic / 2008)
Kris Menace & Felix da Housecat – "Artificial" (Compuphonic /2008)
Kris Menace – "Scaler" (Compuphonic / 2009)
Black Van – "Yearning" (DFA / 2010)
Kris Menace & Douze – "Lockhead" (Masquerede EP) (Size / 2010)
Kris Menace – "Swarm" (Masquerade EP) (Size / 2010)
Menace – "Hz vs Tones" (Blood Music / 2010)
Kris Menace – "Walking on the Moon" (U-Tern Bootleg)" (2010)
Kris Menace – "Phoenix / Triangle" (Phoenix EP) (Size / 2010)
Black Van – "Moments of Excellence" (Permanent Vacation / 2011)
Black Van – "Moments of Excellence vs. Holy Ghost!" (Permanent Vacation / 2011)
Kris Menace & DJ Pierre – "Crank" (Different / Pias 2011)
Menace & Tracid – "Buchla 200e" (Compuphonic / 2011)
Rex the Dog & Kris Menace – "POW!" (Compuphonic / 2011)
Adam Shaw & Kris Menace – "Starchild EP" (Compuphonic / 2011)
Kris Menace – eLove EP (4 tracks) (Compuphonic / 2011)
Kris Menace & Douze – "Hexo / Overflow" (Compuphonic / 2011)
Stars on 33 – "Let the Music Guide You EP" (5 tracks) (Eskimo / 2011)
Kris Menace – "Falling Star" (Compuphonic / 2012)
Kris Menace – "eFeel" (Compuphonic / 2012)
The Kiki Twins & Kris Menace – "We Are" (Compuphonic / 2012)
Black Van – "Inside" (Excellent Music / 2012)
Kris Menace feat. Miss Kittin – "Hide" (Remixes) (Compuphonic / 2012)
Kris Menace feat. Unai – "Lone Runner" (Remixes) (Compuphonic / 2012)
Kris Menace feat. Robert Owens – "Trusting Me" (Remixes) (Compuphonic / 2013)
Kris Menace feat. Chelonis R. Jones – "Voodoo Dilate" (SAMO)" (Remixes) (Compuphonic / 2013)
Kris Menace feat. Romanthony – "2Nite4U" (Compuphonic / 2013)
Kris Menace feat. Black Hills – "Waiting for You" (Remixes) (Compuphonic / Ego Music Italy / 2013)
Kris Menace & Lifelike – "Ready 4 Love" (Computer Science / 2015)
Kris Menace & Lifelike – "Ecstasy" (Spinnin' / 2016)
Kris Menace & Lifelike – "What Time Is Love" (Spinnin' / 2016)
Kris Menace & Simon Lord – "Feel Alive" (Better Music / 2016)
References
External links
Kris Menace on Soundcloud
Living people
German electronic musicians
French house musicians
1980 births
People from Landau |
Relations between Armenia and France have existed since the French and the Armenians established contact in the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia in the 12th century. Formal diplomatic relations between Armenia and France were established on 24 February 1992. Relations are regarded as excellent, with both countries cooperating on the aspects of diplomacy, culture and military. Due to the good relations between the two countries, 2006 was proclaimed the Year of Armenia in France.
France has the third largest Armenian diaspora community in the world behind Russia and the United States, and has by far the largest Armenian community in the European Union with estimates ranging from 250,000 to 750,000.
History
During the Middle Ages
Prior to the 11th century, the Franks and the Armenians had limited contact due to the physical distance between the two nations. However, there were earlier contacts between Armenians and Franks by way of the Roman Empire. In 554 during the Battle of Casilinum the Armenian general Narses of the Eastern Roman Empire drove out the Franks and their allies the Alemanni from the Italian peninsula.
Towards the 11th century, the Armenians established the Principality and then Kingdom of Cilicia, which was located on the Mediterranean coast and thus accessible to the Franks and other Europeans who were participating in the Crusades. Armenia was the last Christian safe haven for the Crusaders before facing the Islamic armies of Syria and Palestine. Unlike the Turkic arrival into the area, the Frankish arrival was interpreted positively by Armenian writers and other intellectuals.
In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, continuous contact with Western Europe, most notably with the Frankish Kingdom made way for major social, cultural, and political change in Cilician Armenia. Armenians, who have their own branch of Christianity, came in contact with (and were influenced by) Catholic ideals.
The last dynasty (the Lusignans) to rule Cilician Armenia was of Frankish origin. The last king, Leo VI of Armenia, was buried in Saint Denis Basilica alongside notable French kings such as Charles Martel, Louis XIV, and many others. He was in fact the only foreigner who was buried there.
Contact within the Ottoman Empire
During the reign of Louis XIV, a large number of Armenian manuscripts were taken into the National Library of France. Armenia and Armenian characters are often featured in classical French literature. Authors such as Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, and many others often talked about the contact of their main characters with Armenian secondary characters.
Armenian studies would start to develop in France after the creation of the Armenian department of the School of Oriental languages with the initiative of Napoleon I.
Modern diplomatic relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and France were established on 24 February 1992.
On 2 October 2009, Vigen Chitechian was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Armenia to France. On 5 November 2010, Henri Reynaud, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the French Republic to Armenia, presented his credentials to the President of Armenia, Serzh Sargsyan. Also on 1 December 2011 Vardan Sirmakes was appointed Consul General of Armenia in Marseille.
On January 7, 2015, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Armenia Eduard Nalbandyan issued a press release on the Charlie Hebdo shooting, saying, "We strongly condemn terrorist act committed at the office of 'Charlie Hebdo' magazine in Paris" and added that "such appalling actions of extremists has no justification whatsoever and once again prove the necessity of wider solidarity in the international community's fight against terrorism." The Armenian Government also expressed their "condolences and support to the people, authorities of friendly France, editorial staff of 'Charlie Hebdo' magazine, and the relatives of the victims."
Though it has a very small French-speaking population, as a result of its historical ties to France, Armenia was selected to host the biennial Francophonie summit in 2018. French is taught at the Fondation Université Française en Arménie in Yerevan.
Armenian genocide recognition
During the Armenian genocide, France took in tens of thousands of Armenian refugees escaping the genocide. France was also one of few countries to send rescue boats for the Armenians. After a 53-day resistance by Armenian citizens against Ottoman attacks, the population of Musa Dagh was rescued by the French Navy. The population of which would eventually settle in Lebanon, mainly in the town of Anjar.
In 1998, a resolution by the French National Assembly regarding the recognition of the Armenian genocide was passed.
In 2001, France became the first European country to officially recognize the Armenian genocide.
In 2006, the French National Assembly voted in favor of a bill which makes Armenian genocide denial illegal.
Armenians in France
France has the third largest Armenian community in the world, after Russia and the United States, estimates number between 250,000 and 750,000. The Armenian community in France remained close to their cultural origins, while at the same time; they integrated into French society and contributed greatly to Francophone culture.
Resident diplomatic missions
Armenia has an embassy in Paris and consulates-general in Lyon and Marseille.
France has an embassy in Yerevan.
Country comparison
See also
Armenia–European Union relations
Armenians in Europe
Armenians in France
Foreign relations of Armenia
Foreign relations of France
Frenchs in Armenia
Armenian genocide recognition
Notes and references
France
Bilateral relations of France |
Lachlan Fogarty (born 1 April 1999) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Carlton Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was drafted by Geelong with their first selection and twenty-second overall in the 2017 national draft. He made his debut in the three point win against at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in the opening round of the 2018 season.
Fogarty was traded to at the conclusion of the 2020 AFL season.
References
External links
1999 births
Living people
Geelong Football Club players
Western Jets players
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
People educated at St Kevin's College, Melbourne
Carlton Football Club players |
KZ, K-Z, Kz, or kz may refer to:
Arts and media
K-Z, a 1972 Italian documentary film
Kz (film), a 2006 documentary film
Kuhns Zeitschrift, the former colloquial name for the linguistics journal Historische Sprachforschung
People
KZ Okpala, American basketball player
KZ Tandingan (born 1992), Filipino singer
KZ, member of the Japanese music group Livetune
Places
Ka'ba-ye Zartosht, or Kaabah of Zoroaster, a 5th-century BCE tower at Naqsh-e Rustam, an archaeological site in Iran
Kazakhstan (ISO 3166 code: KZ)
KidZania
KZ, Konzentrationslager, the German term for Nazi concentration camps (1933–1945)
Transportation
Nippon Cargo Airlines (IATA airline code: KZ)
Kramme & Zeuthen, Danish aeroplane builders, see Skandinavisk Aero Industri
Kuaizhou, a Chinese family of carrier rockets
Toyota KZ engine, a diesel engine made for passenger cars
Other uses
.kz, the Internet country code top-level domain for Kazakhstan
Kz, the symbol for the Angolan kwanza, the currency of Angola
kz (digraph), in Esperanto
Korkine–Zolotarev lattice basis reduction algorithm
Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter
KZ (Knowledge Zenith), a Chinese manufacturer of IEMs |
```c
/*
*
*/
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <zephyr/bluetooth/hci_types.h>
#include <zephyr/sys/byteorder.h>
#include "hal/cpu.h"
#include "hal/ccm.h"
#include "hal/radio.h"
#include "hal/ticker.h"
#include "util/util.h"
#include "util/mem.h"
#include "util/memq.h"
#include "util/mfifo.h"
#include "util/mayfly.h"
#include "util/dbuf.h"
#include "ticker/ticker.h"
#include "pdu_df.h"
#include "pdu_vendor.h"
#include "pdu.h"
#include "lll.h"
#include "lll_vendor.h"
#include "lll_clock.h"
#include "lll_adv_types.h"
#include "lll_adv.h"
#include "lll_adv_pdu.h"
#include "lll_adv_aux.h"
#include "lll_adv_sync.h"
#include "lll_df_types.h"
#include "lll_conn.h"
#include "lll_chan.h"
#include "lll_filter.h"
#include "lll_internal.h"
#include "lll_tim_internal.h"
#include "lll_adv_internal.h"
#include "lll_prof_internal.h"
#include "lll_df_internal.h"
#include "hal/debug.h"
#define PDU_FREE_TIMEOUT K_SECONDS(5)
static int init_reset(void);
static void pdu_free_sem_give(void);
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY)
static inline void adv_extra_data_release(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu, int idx);
static void *adv_extra_data_allocate(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu, uint8_t last);
static int adv_extra_data_free(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu, uint8_t last);
static void extra_data_free_sem_give(void);
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY */
static int prepare_cb(struct lll_prepare_param *p);
static int is_abort_cb(void *next, void *curr,
lll_prepare_cb_t *resume_cb);
static void abort_cb(struct lll_prepare_param *prepare_param, void *param);
static void isr_tx(void *param);
static void isr_rx(void *param);
static void isr_done(void *param);
static void isr_abort(void *param);
static struct pdu_adv *chan_prepare(struct lll_adv *lll);
static inline int isr_rx_pdu(struct lll_adv *lll,
uint8_t devmatch_ok, uint8_t devmatch_id,
uint8_t irkmatch_ok, uint8_t irkmatch_id,
uint8_t rssi_ready);
static bool isr_rx_sr_adva_check(uint8_t tx_addr, uint8_t *addr,
struct pdu_adv *sr);
static inline bool isr_rx_ci_tgta_check(struct lll_adv *lll,
uint8_t rx_addr, uint8_t *tgt_addr,
struct pdu_adv *ci, uint8_t rl_idx);
static inline bool isr_rx_ci_adva_check(uint8_t tx_addr, uint8_t *addr,
struct pdu_adv *ci);
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT)
#define PAYLOAD_BASED_FRAG_COUNT \
DIV_ROUND_UP(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_LEN_MAX, \
PDU_AC_PAYLOAD_SIZE_MAX)
#define PAYLOAD_FRAG_COUNT \
MAX(PAYLOAD_BASED_FRAG_COUNT, BT_CTLR_DF_PER_ADV_CTE_NUM_MAX)
#define BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PERIODIC)
#define BT_CTLR_ADV_SYNC_SET CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_SYNC_SET
#else /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PERIODIC */
#define BT_CTLR_ADV_SYNC_SET 0
#endif /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PERIODIC */
#else
#define PAYLOAD_BASED_FRAG_COUNT 1
#define PAYLOAD_FRAG_COUNT (PAYLOAD_BASED_FRAG_COUNT)
#define BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET 0
#define BT_CTLR_ADV_SYNC_SET 0
#endif
#define PDU_MEM_SIZE PDU_ADV_MEM_SIZE
/* AD data and Scan Response Data need 2 PDU buffers each in the double buffer
* implementation. Allocate 3 PDU buffers plus CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX
* defined buffer count as the minimum number of buffers that meet the legacy
* advertising needs. Add 1 each for Extended and Periodic Advertising, needed
* extra for double buffers for these is kept as configurable, by increasing
* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX.
*/
#define PDU_MEM_COUNT_MIN (((BT_CTLR_ADV_SET) * 3) + \
((BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET) * \
PAYLOAD_BASED_FRAG_COUNT))
/* Maximum advertising PDU buffers to allocate, which is the sum of minimum
* plus configured additional count in CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX.
*/
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT)
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PERIODIC)
/* NOTE: When Periodic Advertising is supported then one chain of PDU buffers
* plus the additional CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX amount of chain
* buffers is allocated.
* Set CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX to (BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET +
* BT_CTLR_ADV_SYNC_SET) if PDU data is updated more frequently compare to
* the advertising interval with random delay included.
*/
#define PDU_MEM_COUNT_MAX ((PDU_MEM_COUNT_MIN) + \
((BT_CTLR_ADV_SYNC_SET) * \
PAYLOAD_FRAG_COUNT) + \
(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX * \
PAYLOAD_FRAG_COUNT))
#else /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PERIODIC */
/* NOTE: When Extended Advertising is supported but no Periodic Advertising
* then additional CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX amount of chain buffers
* is allocated.
* Set CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX to BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET if
* PDU data is updated more frequently compare to the advertising
* interval with random delay included.
*/
#define PDU_MEM_COUNT_MAX (PDU_MEM_COUNT_MIN + \
(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX * \
PAYLOAD_BASED_FRAG_COUNT))
#endif /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PERIODIC */
#else /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT */
/* NOTE: When Extended Advertising is not supported then
* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX is restricted to 1 in Kconfig file.
*/
#define PDU_MEM_COUNT_MAX (PDU_MEM_COUNT_MIN + CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_DATA_BUF_MAX)
#endif /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT */
/* FIFO element count, that returns the consumed advertising PDUs (AD and Scan
* Response). 1 each for primary channel PDU (AD and Scan Response), plus one
* each for Extended Advertising and Periodic Advertising times the number of
* chained fragments that would get returned.
*/
#define PDU_MEM_FIFO_COUNT ((BT_CTLR_ADV_SET) + 1 + \
((BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET) * \
PAYLOAD_BASED_FRAG_COUNT) + \
((BT_CTLR_ADV_SYNC_SET) * \
PAYLOAD_FRAG_COUNT))
#define PDU_POOL_SIZE (PDU_MEM_SIZE * PDU_MEM_COUNT_MAX)
/* Free AD data PDU buffer pool */
static struct {
void *free;
uint8_t pool[PDU_POOL_SIZE];
} mem_pdu;
/* FIFO to return stale AD data PDU buffers from LLL to thread context */
static MFIFO_DEFINE(pdu_free, sizeof(void *), PDU_MEM_FIFO_COUNT);
/* Semaphore to wakeup thread waiting for free AD data PDU buffers */
static struct k_sem sem_pdu_free;
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY)
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_DF_ADV_CTE_TX)
#define EXTRA_DATA_MEM_SIZE MROUND(sizeof(struct lll_df_adv_cfg))
#else
#define EXTRA_DATA_MEM_SIZE 0
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_DF_ADV_CTE_TX */
/* ToDo check if number of fragments is not smaller than number of CTE
* to be transmitted. Pay attention it would depend on the chain PDU storage
*
* Currently we can send only single CTE with AUX_SYNC_IND.
* Number is equal to allowed adv sync sets * 2 (double buffering).
*/
#define EXTRA_DATA_MEM_COUNT (BT_CTLR_ADV_SYNC_SET * PAYLOAD_FRAG_COUNT + 1)
#define EXTRA_DATA_MEM_FIFO_COUNT (EXTRA_DATA_MEM_COUNT * 2)
#define EXTRA_DATA_POOL_SIZE (EXTRA_DATA_MEM_SIZE * EXTRA_DATA_MEM_COUNT * 2)
/* Free extra data buffer pool */
static struct {
void *free;
uint8_t pool[EXTRA_DATA_POOL_SIZE];
} mem_extra_data;
/* FIFO to return stale extra data buffers from LLL to thread context. */
static MFIFO_DEFINE(extra_data_free, sizeof(void *), EXTRA_DATA_MEM_FIFO_COUNT);
static struct k_sem sem_extra_data_free;
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY */
int lll_adv_init(void)
{
int err;
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT)
#if (BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET > 0)
err = lll_adv_aux_init();
if (err) {
return err;
}
#endif /* BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET > 0 */
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PERIODIC)
err = lll_adv_sync_init();
if (err) {
return err;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PERIODIC */
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT */
err = init_reset();
if (err) {
return err;
}
return 0;
}
int lll_adv_reset(void)
{
int err;
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT)
#if (BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET > 0)
err = lll_adv_aux_reset();
if (err) {
return err;
}
#endif /* BT_CTLR_ADV_AUX_SET > 0 */
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PERIODIC)
err = lll_adv_sync_reset();
if (err) {
return err;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PERIODIC */
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT */
err = init_reset();
if (err) {
return err;
}
return 0;
}
int lll_adv_data_init(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu)
{
struct pdu_adv *p;
p = mem_acquire(&mem_pdu.free);
if (!p) {
return -ENOMEM;
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PDU_LINK)
PDU_ADV_NEXT_PTR(p) = NULL;
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PDU_LINK */
p->len = 0U;
pdu->pdu[0] = (void *)p;
return 0;
}
int lll_adv_data_reset(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu)
{
/* NOTE: this function is used on HCI reset to mem-zero the structure
* members that otherwise was zero-ed by the architecture
* startup code that zero-ed the .bss section.
* pdu[0] element in the array is not initialized as subsequent
* call to lll_adv_data_init will allocate a PDU buffer and
* assign that.
*/
pdu->first = 0U;
pdu->last = 0U;
pdu->pdu[1] = NULL;
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY)
/* Both slots are NULL because the extra_memory is allocated only
* on request. Not every advertising PDU includes extra_data.
*/
pdu->extra_data[0] = NULL;
pdu->extra_data[1] = NULL;
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY */
return 0;
}
int lll_adv_data_dequeue(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu)
{
uint8_t first;
void *p;
first = pdu->first;
if (first == pdu->last) {
return -ENOMEM;
}
p = pdu->pdu[first];
pdu->pdu[first] = NULL;
mem_release(p, &mem_pdu.free);
first++;
if (first == DOUBLE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
first = 0U;
}
pdu->first = first;
return 0;
}
int lll_adv_data_release(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu)
{
uint8_t last;
void *p;
last = pdu->last;
p = pdu->pdu[last];
if (p) {
pdu->pdu[last] = NULL;
mem_release(p, &mem_pdu.free);
}
last++;
if (last == DOUBLE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
last = 0U;
}
p = pdu->pdu[last];
if (p) {
pdu->pdu[last] = NULL;
mem_release(p, &mem_pdu.free);
}
return 0;
}
struct pdu_adv *lll_adv_pdu_alloc(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu, uint8_t *idx)
{
uint8_t first, last;
void *p;
/* TODO: Make this unique mechanism to update last element in double
* buffer a reusable utility function.
*/
first = pdu->first;
last = pdu->last;
if (first == last) {
/* Return the index of next free PDU in the double buffer */
last++;
if (last == DOUBLE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
last = 0U;
}
} else {
uint8_t first_latest;
/* LLL has not consumed the first PDU. Revert back the `last` so
* that LLL still consumes the first PDU while the caller of
* this function updates/modifies the latest PDU.
*
* Under race condition:
* 1. LLL runs before `pdu->last` is reverted, then `pdu->first`
* has changed, hence restore `pdu->last` and return index of
* next free PDU in the double buffer.
* 2. LLL runs after `pdu->last` is reverted, then `pdu->first`
* will not change, return the saved `last` as the index of
* the next free PDU in the double buffer.
*/
pdu->last = first;
cpu_dmb();
first_latest = pdu->first;
if (first_latest != first) {
pdu->last = last;
last++;
if (last == DOUBLE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
last = 0U;
}
}
}
*idx = last;
p = (void *)pdu->pdu[last];
if (p) {
return p;
}
p = lll_adv_pdu_alloc_pdu_adv();
pdu->pdu[last] = (void *)p;
return p;
}
struct pdu_adv *lll_adv_pdu_alloc_pdu_adv(void)
{
struct pdu_adv *p;
int err;
p = MFIFO_DEQUEUE_PEEK(pdu_free);
if (p) {
k_sem_reset(&sem_pdu_free);
MFIFO_DEQUEUE(pdu_free);
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PDU_LINK)
PDU_ADV_NEXT_PTR(p) = NULL;
#endif
return p;
}
p = mem_acquire(&mem_pdu.free);
if (p) {
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PDU_LINK)
PDU_ADV_NEXT_PTR(p) = NULL;
#endif
return p;
}
err = k_sem_take(&sem_pdu_free, PDU_FREE_TIMEOUT);
LL_ASSERT(!err);
k_sem_reset(&sem_pdu_free);
p = MFIFO_DEQUEUE(pdu_free);
LL_ASSERT(p);
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PDU_LINK)
PDU_ADV_NEXT_PTR(p) = NULL;
#endif
return p;
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PDU_LINK)
void lll_adv_pdu_linked_release_all(struct pdu_adv *pdu_first)
{
struct pdu_adv *pdu = pdu_first;
while (pdu) {
struct pdu_adv *pdu_next;
pdu_next = PDU_ADV_NEXT_PTR(pdu);
PDU_ADV_NEXT_PTR(pdu) = NULL;
mem_release(pdu, &mem_pdu.free);
pdu = pdu_next;
}
}
#endif
struct pdu_adv *lll_adv_pdu_latest_get(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu,
uint8_t *is_modified)
{
uint8_t first;
first = pdu->first;
if (first != pdu->last) {
uint8_t free_idx;
uint8_t pdu_idx;
void *p;
pdu_idx = first;
p = pdu->pdu[pdu_idx];
do {
void *next;
/* Store partial list in current data index if there is
* no free slot in mfifo. It can be released on next
* switch attempt (on next event).
*/
if (!MFIFO_ENQUEUE_IDX_GET(pdu_free, &free_idx)) {
break;
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PDU_LINK)
next = lll_adv_pdu_linked_next_get(p);
#else
next = NULL;
#endif
MFIFO_BY_IDX_ENQUEUE(pdu_free, free_idx, p);
pdu_free_sem_give();
p = next;
} while (p);
/* If not all PDUs where released into mfifo, keep the list in
* current data index, to be released on the next switch
* attempt.
*/
pdu->pdu[pdu_idx] = p;
/* Progress to next data index */
first += 1U;
if (first == DOUBLE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
first = 0U;
}
pdu->first = first;
*is_modified = 1U;
}
return (void *)pdu->pdu[first];
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY)
int lll_adv_and_extra_data_init(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu)
{
struct pdu_adv *p;
void *extra_data;
p = mem_acquire(&mem_pdu.free);
if (!p) {
return -ENOMEM;
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PDU_LINK)
PDU_ADV_NEXT_PTR(p) = NULL;
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PDU_LINK */
pdu->pdu[0] = (void *)p;
extra_data = mem_acquire(&mem_extra_data.free);
if (!extra_data) {
return -ENOMEM;
}
pdu->extra_data[0] = extra_data;
return 0;
}
int lll_adv_and_extra_data_release(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu)
{
uint8_t last;
void *p;
last = pdu->last;
p = pdu->pdu[last];
pdu->pdu[last] = NULL;
mem_release(p, &mem_pdu.free);
adv_extra_data_release(pdu, last);
last++;
if (last == DOUBLE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
last = 0U;
}
p = pdu->pdu[last];
if (p) {
pdu->pdu[last] = NULL;
mem_release(p, &mem_pdu.free);
}
adv_extra_data_release(pdu, last);
return 0;
}
struct pdu_adv *lll_adv_pdu_and_extra_data_alloc(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu,
void **extra_data,
uint8_t *idx)
{
struct pdu_adv *p;
p = lll_adv_pdu_alloc(pdu, idx);
if (extra_data) {
*extra_data = adv_extra_data_allocate(pdu, *idx);
} else {
if (adv_extra_data_free(pdu, *idx)) {
/* There is no release of memory allocated by
* adv_pdu_allocate because there is no memory leak.
* If caller can recover from this error and subsequent
* call to this function occurs, no new memory will be
* allocated. adv_pdu_allocate will return already
* allocated memory.
*/
return NULL;
}
}
return p;
}
struct pdu_adv *lll_adv_pdu_and_extra_data_latest_get(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu,
void **extra_data,
uint8_t *is_modified)
{
uint8_t first;
first = pdu->first;
if (first != pdu->last) {
uint8_t pdu_free_idx;
uint8_t ed_free_idx;
void *ed;
uint8_t pdu_idx;
void *p;
pdu_idx = first;
p = pdu->pdu[pdu_idx];
ed = pdu->extra_data[pdu_idx];
do {
void *next;
/* Store partial list in current data index if there is
* no free slot in mfifo. It can be released on next
* switch attempt (on next event).
*/
if (!MFIFO_ENQUEUE_IDX_GET(pdu_free, &pdu_free_idx)) {
pdu->pdu[pdu_idx] = p;
return NULL;
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_PDU_LINK)
next = lll_adv_pdu_linked_next_get(p);
#else
next = NULL;
#endif
MFIFO_BY_IDX_ENQUEUE(pdu_free, pdu_free_idx, p);
pdu_free_sem_give();
p = next;
} while (p);
pdu->pdu[pdu_idx] = NULL;
if (ed && (!MFIFO_ENQUEUE_IDX_GET(extra_data_free,
&ed_free_idx))) {
/* No pdu_free_idx clean up is required, sobsequent
* calls to MFIFO_ENQUEUE_IDX_GET return the same
* index to memory that is in limbo state.
*/
return NULL;
}
first += 1U;
if (first == DOUBLE_BUFFER_SIZE) {
first = 0U;
}
pdu->first = first;
*is_modified = 1U;
pdu->pdu[pdu_idx] = NULL;
if (ed) {
pdu->extra_data[pdu_idx] = NULL;
MFIFO_BY_IDX_ENQUEUE(extra_data_free, ed_free_idx, ed);
extra_data_free_sem_give();
}
}
if (extra_data) {
*extra_data = pdu->extra_data[first];
}
return (void *)pdu->pdu[first];
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY */
void lll_adv_prepare(void *param)
{
int err;
err = lll_hfclock_on();
LL_ASSERT(err >= 0);
err = lll_prepare(is_abort_cb, abort_cb, prepare_cb, 0, param);
LL_ASSERT(!err || err == -EINPROGRESS);
}
bool lll_adv_scan_req_check(struct lll_adv *lll, struct pdu_adv *sr,
uint8_t tx_addr, uint8_t *addr,
uint8_t devmatch_ok, uint8_t *rl_idx)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)
return ((((lll->filter_policy & BT_LE_ADV_FP_FILTER_SCAN_REQ) == 0) &&
ull_filter_lll_rl_addr_allowed(sr->tx_addr,
sr->scan_req.scan_addr,
rl_idx)) ||
(((lll->filter_policy & BT_LE_ADV_FP_FILTER_SCAN_REQ) != 0) &&
(devmatch_ok || ull_filter_lll_irk_in_fal(*rl_idx)))) &&
isr_rx_sr_adva_check(tx_addr, addr, sr);
#else
return (((lll->filter_policy & BT_LE_ADV_FP_FILTER_SCAN_REQ) == 0U) ||
devmatch_ok) &&
isr_rx_sr_adva_check(tx_addr, addr, sr);
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY */
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_SCAN_REQ_NOTIFY)
int lll_adv_scan_req_report(struct lll_adv *lll, struct pdu_adv *pdu_adv_rx,
uint8_t rl_idx, uint8_t rssi_ready)
{
struct node_rx_pdu *node_rx;
node_rx = ull_pdu_rx_alloc_peek(3);
if (!node_rx) {
return -ENOBUFS;
}
ull_pdu_rx_alloc();
/* Prepare the report (scan req) */
node_rx->hdr.type = NODE_RX_TYPE_SCAN_REQ;
node_rx->hdr.handle = ull_adv_lll_handle_get(lll);
node_rx->rx_ftr.rssi = (rssi_ready) ? radio_rssi_get() :
BT_HCI_LE_RSSI_NOT_AVAILABLE;
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)
node_rx->rx_ftr.rl_idx = rl_idx;
#endif
ull_rx_put_sched(node_rx->hdr.link, node_rx);
return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_SCAN_REQ_NOTIFY */
bool lll_adv_connect_ind_check(struct lll_adv *lll, struct pdu_adv *ci,
uint8_t tx_addr, uint8_t *addr,
uint8_t rx_addr, uint8_t *tgt_addr,
uint8_t devmatch_ok, uint8_t *rl_idx)
{
/* LL 4.3.2: filter policy shall be ignored for directed adv */
if (tgt_addr) {
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)
return ull_filter_lll_rl_addr_allowed(ci->tx_addr,
ci->connect_ind.init_addr,
rl_idx) &&
#else
return (1) &&
#endif
isr_rx_ci_adva_check(tx_addr, addr, ci) &&
isr_rx_ci_tgta_check(lll, rx_addr, tgt_addr, ci,
*rl_idx);
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)
return ((((lll->filter_policy & BT_LE_ADV_FP_FILTER_CONN_IND) == 0) &&
ull_filter_lll_rl_addr_allowed(ci->tx_addr,
ci->connect_ind.init_addr,
rl_idx)) ||
(((lll->filter_policy & BT_LE_ADV_FP_FILTER_CONN_IND) != 0) &&
(devmatch_ok || ull_filter_lll_irk_in_fal(*rl_idx)))) &&
isr_rx_ci_adva_check(tx_addr, addr, ci);
#else
return (((lll->filter_policy & BT_LE_ADV_FP_FILTER_CONN_IND) == 0) ||
(devmatch_ok)) &&
isr_rx_ci_adva_check(tx_addr, addr, ci);
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY */
}
/* Helper function to initialize data variable both at power up and on
* HCI reset.
*/
static int init_reset(void)
{
/* Initialize AC PDU pool */
mem_init(mem_pdu.pool, PDU_MEM_SIZE,
(sizeof(mem_pdu.pool) / PDU_MEM_SIZE), &mem_pdu.free);
/* Initialize AC PDU free buffer return queue */
MFIFO_INIT(pdu_free);
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY)
/* Initialize extra data pool */
mem_init(mem_extra_data.pool, EXTRA_DATA_MEM_SIZE,
(sizeof(mem_extra_data.pool) / EXTRA_DATA_MEM_SIZE), &mem_extra_data.free);
/* Initialize extra data free buffer return queue */
MFIFO_INIT(extra_data_free);
k_sem_init(&sem_extra_data_free, 0, EXTRA_DATA_MEM_FIFO_COUNT);
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY */
/* Initialize semaphore for ticker API blocking wait */
k_sem_init(&sem_pdu_free, 0, PDU_MEM_FIFO_COUNT);
return 0;
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ZLI)
static void mfy_pdu_free_sem_give(void *param)
{
ARG_UNUSED(param);
k_sem_give(&sem_pdu_free);
}
static void pdu_free_sem_give(void)
{
static memq_link_t link;
static struct mayfly mfy = {0, 0, &link, NULL, mfy_pdu_free_sem_give};
/* Ignore mayfly_enqueue failure on repeated enqueue call */
(void)mayfly_enqueue(TICKER_USER_ID_LLL, TICKER_USER_ID_ULL_HIGH, 0,
&mfy);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ZLI */
static void pdu_free_sem_give(void)
{
k_sem_give(&sem_pdu_free);
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ZLI */
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY)
static void *adv_extra_data_allocate(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu, uint8_t last)
{
void *extra_data;
int err;
extra_data = pdu->extra_data[last];
if (extra_data) {
return extra_data;
}
extra_data = MFIFO_DEQUEUE_PEEK(extra_data_free);
if (extra_data) {
err = k_sem_take(&sem_extra_data_free, K_NO_WAIT);
LL_ASSERT(!err);
MFIFO_DEQUEUE(extra_data_free);
pdu->extra_data[last] = extra_data;
return extra_data;
}
extra_data = mem_acquire(&mem_extra_data.free);
if (extra_data) {
pdu->extra_data[last] = extra_data;
return extra_data;
}
err = k_sem_take(&sem_extra_data_free, PDU_FREE_TIMEOUT);
LL_ASSERT(!err);
extra_data = MFIFO_DEQUEUE(extra_data_free);
LL_ASSERT(extra_data);
pdu->extra_data[last] = (void *)extra_data;
return extra_data;
}
static int adv_extra_data_free(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu, uint8_t last)
{
uint8_t ed_free_idx;
void *ed;
ed = pdu->extra_data[last];
if (ed) {
if (!MFIFO_ENQUEUE_IDX_GET(extra_data_free, &ed_free_idx)) {
/* ToDo what if enqueue fails and assert does not fire?
* pdu_free_idx should be released before return.
*/
return -ENOMEM;
}
pdu->extra_data[last] = NULL;
MFIFO_BY_IDX_ENQUEUE(extra_data_free, ed_free_idx, ed);
extra_data_free_sem_give();
}
return 0;
}
static inline void adv_extra_data_release(struct lll_adv_pdu *pdu, int idx)
{
void *extra_data;
extra_data = pdu->extra_data[idx];
if (extra_data) {
pdu->extra_data[idx] = NULL;
mem_release(extra_data, &mem_extra_data.free);
}
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ZLI)
static void mfy_extra_data_free_sem_give(void *param)
{
ARG_UNUSED(param);
k_sem_give(&sem_extra_data_free);
}
static void extra_data_free_sem_give(void)
{
static memq_link_t link;
static struct mayfly mfy = {0, 0, &link, NULL,
mfy_extra_data_free_sem_give};
uint32_t retval;
retval = mayfly_enqueue(TICKER_USER_ID_LLL, TICKER_USER_ID_ULL_HIGH, 0,
&mfy);
LL_ASSERT(!retval);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ZLI */
static void extra_data_free_sem_give(void)
{
k_sem_give(&sem_extra_data_free);
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ZLI */
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT_PDU_EXTRA_DATA_MEMORY */
static int prepare_cb(struct lll_prepare_param *p)
{
uint32_t ticks_at_event;
uint32_t ticks_at_start;
struct pdu_adv *pdu;
struct ull_hdr *ull;
struct lll_adv *lll;
uint32_t remainder;
uint32_t start_us;
uint32_t ret;
uint32_t aa;
DEBUG_RADIO_START_A(1);
lll = p->param;
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL)
/* Check if stopped (on connection establishment- or disabled race
* between LLL and ULL.
* When connectable advertising is disabled in thread context, cancelled
* flag is set, and initiated flag is checked. Here, we avoid
* transmitting connectable advertising event if cancelled flag is set.
*/
if (unlikely(lll->conn &&
(lll->conn->periph.initiated || lll->conn->periph.cancelled))) {
radio_isr_set(lll_isr_early_abort, lll);
radio_disable();
return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL */
radio_reset();
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_TX_PWR_DYNAMIC_CONTROL)
radio_tx_power_set(lll->tx_pwr_lvl);
#else
radio_tx_power_set(RADIO_TXP_DEFAULT);
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_TX_PWR_DYNAMIC_CONTROL */
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT)
/* TODO: if coded we use S8? */
radio_phy_set(lll->phy_p, lll->phy_flags);
radio_pkt_configure(RADIO_PKT_CONF_LENGTH_8BIT, PDU_AC_LEG_PAYLOAD_SIZE_MAX,
RADIO_PKT_CONF_PHY(lll->phy_p));
#else /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT */
radio_phy_set(0, 0);
radio_pkt_configure(RADIO_PKT_CONF_LENGTH_8BIT, PDU_AC_LEG_PAYLOAD_SIZE_MAX,
RADIO_PKT_CONF_PHY(RADIO_PKT_CONF_PHY_LEGACY));
#endif /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT */
aa = sys_cpu_to_le32(PDU_AC_ACCESS_ADDR);
radio_aa_set((uint8_t *)&aa);
radio_crc_configure(PDU_CRC_POLYNOMIAL,
PDU_AC_CRC_IV);
lll->chan_map_curr = lll->chan_map;
pdu = chan_prepare(lll);
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_HCI_MESH_EXT)
_radio.mesh_adv_end_us = 0;
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_HCI_MESH_EXT */
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)
if (ull_filter_lll_rl_enabled()) {
struct lll_filter *filter =
ull_filter_lll_get(!!(lll->filter_policy));
radio_filter_configure(filter->enable_bitmask,
filter->addr_type_bitmask,
(uint8_t *)filter->bdaddr);
} else
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY */
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_FILTER_ACCEPT_LIST) && lll->filter_policy) {
/* Setup Radio Filter */
struct lll_filter *fal = ull_filter_lll_get(true);
radio_filter_configure(fal->enable_bitmask,
fal->addr_type_bitmask,
(uint8_t *)fal->bdaddr);
}
ticks_at_event = p->ticks_at_expire;
ull = HDR_LLL2ULL(lll);
ticks_at_event += lll_event_offset_get(ull);
ticks_at_start = ticks_at_event;
ticks_at_start += HAL_TICKER_US_TO_TICKS(EVENT_OVERHEAD_START_US);
remainder = p->remainder;
start_us = radio_tmr_start(1, ticks_at_start, remainder);
/* capture end of Tx-ed PDU, used to calculate HCTO. */
radio_tmr_end_capture();
#if defined(HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_PA_PIN)
radio_gpio_pa_setup();
radio_gpio_pa_lna_enable(start_us + radio_tx_ready_delay_get(0, 0) -
HAL_RADIO_GPIO_PA_OFFSET);
#else /* !HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_PA_PIN */
ARG_UNUSED(start_us);
#endif /* !HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_PA_PIN */
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_XTAL_ADVANCED) && \
(EVENT_OVERHEAD_PREEMPT_US <= EVENT_OVERHEAD_PREEMPT_MIN_US)
uint32_t overhead;
overhead = lll_preempt_calc(ull, (TICKER_ID_ADV_BASE + ull_adv_lll_handle_get(lll)),
ticks_at_event);
/* check if preempt to start has changed */
if (overhead) {
LL_ASSERT_OVERHEAD(overhead);
radio_isr_set(isr_abort, lll);
radio_disable();
return -ECANCELED;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_XTAL_ADVANCED */
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT) && defined(CONFIG_BT_TICKER_EXT_EXPIRE_INFO)
if (lll->aux) {
/* fill in aux ptr in pdu */
ull_adv_aux_lll_auxptr_fill(pdu, lll);
/* NOTE: as first primary channel PDU does not use remainder, the packet
* timer is started one tick in advance to start the radio with
* microsecond precision, hence compensate for the higher start_us value
* captured at radio start of the first primary channel PDU.
*/
lll->aux->ticks_pri_pdu_offset += 1U;
}
#endif
ret = lll_prepare_done(lll);
LL_ASSERT(!ret);
DEBUG_RADIO_START_A(1);
return 0;
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL)
static int resume_prepare_cb(struct lll_prepare_param *p)
{
struct ull_hdr *ull;
ull = HDR_LLL2ULL(p->param);
p->ticks_at_expire = ticker_ticks_now_get() - lll_event_offset_get(ull);
p->remainder = 0;
p->lazy = 0;
return prepare_cb(p);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL */
static int is_abort_cb(void *next, void *curr, lll_prepare_cb_t *resume_cb)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL)
struct lll_adv *lll = curr;
struct pdu_adv *pdu;
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL */
/* TODO: prio check */
if (next != curr) {
if (0) {
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL)
} else if (lll->is_hdcd) {
int err;
/* wrap back after the pre-empter */
*resume_cb = resume_prepare_cb;
/* Retain HF clk */
err = lll_hfclock_on();
LL_ASSERT(err >= 0);
return -EAGAIN;
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL */
} else {
return -ECANCELED;
}
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL)
pdu = lll_adv_data_curr_get(lll);
if (pdu->type == PDU_ADV_TYPE_DIRECT_IND) {
return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL */
return -ECANCELED;
}
static void abort_cb(struct lll_prepare_param *prepare_param, void *param)
{
int err;
/* NOTE: This is not a prepare being cancelled */
if (!prepare_param) {
/* Perform event abort here.
* After event has been cleanly aborted, clean up resources
* and dispatch event done.
*/
radio_isr_set(isr_abort, param);
radio_disable();
return;
}
/* NOTE: Else clean the top half preparations of the aborted event
* currently in preparation pipeline.
*/
err = lll_hfclock_off();
LL_ASSERT(err >= 0);
lll_done(param);
}
static void isr_tx(void *param)
{
struct node_rx_pdu *node_rx_prof;
struct node_rx_pdu *node_rx;
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT)
struct lll_adv *lll = param;
uint8_t phy_p = lll->phy_p;
uint8_t phy_flags = lll->phy_flags;
#else
const uint8_t phy_p = 0U;
const uint8_t phy_flags = 0U;
#endif
uint32_t hcto;
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PROFILE_ISR)) {
lll_prof_latency_capture();
node_rx_prof = lll_prof_reserve();
}
/* Clear radio tx status and events */
lll_isr_tx_status_reset();
/* setup tIFS switching */
radio_tmr_tifs_set(EVENT_IFS_US);
radio_switch_complete_and_tx(phy_p, 0, phy_p, phy_flags);
/* setup Rx buffer */
node_rx = ull_pdu_rx_alloc_peek(1);
LL_ASSERT(node_rx);
radio_pkt_rx_set(node_rx->pdu);
/* assert if radio packet ptr is not set and radio started rx */
LL_ASSERT(!radio_is_ready());
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PROFILE_ISR)) {
lll_prof_cputime_capture();
}
radio_isr_set(isr_rx, param);
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)
if (ull_filter_lll_rl_enabled()) {
uint8_t count, *irks = ull_filter_lll_irks_get(&count);
radio_ar_configure(count, irks, 0);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY */
/* +/- 2us active clock jitter, +1 us PPI to timer start compensation */
hcto = radio_tmr_tifs_base_get() + EVENT_IFS_US +
(EVENT_CLOCK_JITTER_US << 1) + RANGE_DELAY_US +
HAL_RADIO_TMR_START_DELAY_US;
hcto += radio_rx_chain_delay_get(phy_p, 0);
hcto += addr_us_get(phy_p);
hcto -= radio_tx_chain_delay_get(phy_p, 0);
radio_tmr_hcto_configure(hcto);
/* capture end of CONNECT_IND PDU, used for calculating first
* peripheral event.
*/
radio_tmr_end_capture();
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_SCAN_REQ_RSSI) ||
IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_CONN_RSSI)) {
radio_rssi_measure();
}
#if defined(HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_LNA_PIN)
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PROFILE_ISR)) {
/* PA/LNA enable is overwriting packet end used in ISR
* profiling, hence back it up for later use.
*/
lll_prof_radio_end_backup();
}
radio_gpio_lna_setup();
radio_gpio_pa_lna_enable(radio_tmr_tifs_base_get() + EVENT_IFS_US - 4 -
radio_tx_chain_delay_get(phy_p, 0) -
HAL_RADIO_GPIO_LNA_OFFSET);
#endif /* HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_LNA_PIN */
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PROFILE_ISR)) {
/* NOTE: as scratch packet is used to receive, it is safe to
* generate profile event using rx nodes.
*/
lll_prof_reserve_send(node_rx_prof);
}
}
static void isr_rx(void *param)
{
uint8_t devmatch_ok;
uint8_t devmatch_id;
uint8_t irkmatch_ok;
uint8_t irkmatch_id;
uint8_t rssi_ready;
uint8_t trx_done;
uint8_t crc_ok;
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PROFILE_ISR)) {
lll_prof_latency_capture();
}
/* Read radio status and events */
trx_done = radio_is_done();
if (trx_done) {
crc_ok = radio_crc_is_valid();
devmatch_ok = radio_filter_has_match();
devmatch_id = radio_filter_match_get();
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)) {
irkmatch_ok = radio_ar_has_match();
irkmatch_id = radio_ar_match_get();
} else {
irkmatch_ok = 0U;
irkmatch_id = FILTER_IDX_NONE;
}
rssi_ready = radio_rssi_is_ready();
} else {
crc_ok = devmatch_ok = irkmatch_ok = rssi_ready = 0U;
devmatch_id = irkmatch_id = FILTER_IDX_NONE;
}
/* Clear radio status and events */
lll_isr_status_reset();
/* No Rx */
if (!trx_done) {
goto isr_rx_do_close;
}
if (crc_ok) {
int err;
err = isr_rx_pdu(param, devmatch_ok, devmatch_id, irkmatch_ok,
irkmatch_id, rssi_ready);
if (!err) {
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PROFILE_ISR)) {
lll_prof_send();
}
return;
}
}
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PROFILE_ISR)) {
lll_prof_cputime_capture();
lll_prof_send();
}
isr_rx_do_close:
radio_isr_set(isr_done, param);
radio_disable();
}
static void isr_done(void *param)
{
struct lll_adv *lll;
/* Clear radio status and events */
lll_isr_status_reset();
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_HCI_MESH_EXT)
if (_radio.advertiser.is_mesh &&
!_radio.mesh_adv_end_us) {
_radio.mesh_adv_end_us = radio_tmr_end_get();
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_HCI_MESH_EXT */
lll = param;
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL)
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_LOW_LAT) && lll->is_hdcd &&
!lll->chan_map_curr) {
lll->chan_map_curr = lll->chan_map;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL */
/* NOTE: Do not continue to connectable advertise if advertising is
* being disabled, by checking the cancelled flag.
*/
if (lll->chan_map_curr &&
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL)
(!lll->conn || !lll->conn->periph.cancelled) &&
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL */
1) {
struct pdu_adv *pdu;
uint32_t start_us;
pdu = chan_prepare(lll);
#if defined(HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_PA_PIN) || defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT)
start_us = radio_tmr_start_now(1);
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT)
struct lll_adv_aux *lll_aux;
lll_aux = lll->aux;
if (lll_aux) {
(void)ull_adv_aux_lll_offset_fill(pdu,
lll_aux->ticks_pri_pdu_offset,
lll_aux->us_pri_pdu_offset,
start_us);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT */
ARG_UNUSED(pdu);
#endif /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT */
#if defined(HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_PA_PIN)
radio_gpio_pa_setup();
radio_gpio_pa_lna_enable(start_us +
radio_tx_ready_delay_get(0, 0) -
HAL_RADIO_GPIO_PA_OFFSET);
#endif /* HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_PA_PIN */
#else /* !(HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_PA_PIN || defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT)) */
ARG_UNUSED(start_us);
radio_tx_enable();
#endif /* !(HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_PA_PIN || defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT)) */
/* capture end of Tx-ed PDU, used to calculate HCTO. */
radio_tmr_end_capture();
return;
}
radio_filter_disable();
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL)
if (!lll->is_hdcd)
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL */
{
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_HCI_MESH_EXT)
if (_radio.advertiser.is_mesh) {
uint32_t err;
err = isr_close_adv_mesh();
if (err) {
return 0;
}
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_HCI_MESH_EXT */
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_INDICATION)
struct node_rx_pdu *node_rx = ull_pdu_rx_alloc_peek(3);
if (node_rx) {
ull_pdu_rx_alloc();
/* TODO: add other info by defining a payload struct */
node_rx->hdr.type = NODE_RX_TYPE_ADV_INDICATION;
ull_rx_put_sched(node_rx->hdr.link, node_rx);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_INDICATION */
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT) || defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_JIT_SCHEDULING)
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT) && !defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_JIT_SCHEDULING)
/* If no auxiliary PDUs scheduled, generate primary radio event done */
if (!lll->aux)
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT && !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_JIT_SCHEDULING */
{
struct event_done_extra *extra;
extra = ull_done_extra_type_set(EVENT_DONE_EXTRA_TYPE_ADV);
LL_ASSERT(extra);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT || CONFIG_BT_CTLR_JIT_SCHEDULING */
lll_isr_cleanup(param);
}
static void isr_abort(void *param)
{
/* Clear radio status and events */
lll_isr_status_reset();
/* Disable any filter that was setup */
radio_filter_disable();
/* Current LLL radio event is done*/
lll_isr_cleanup(param);
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL)
static void isr_abort_all(void *param)
{
static memq_link_t link;
static struct mayfly mfy = {0, 0, &link, NULL, lll_disable};
uint32_t ret;
/* Clear radio status and events */
lll_isr_status_reset();
/* Disable any filter that was setup */
radio_filter_disable();
/* Current LLL radio event is done*/
lll_isr_cleanup(param);
/* Abort any LLL prepare/resume enqueued in pipeline */
mfy.param = param;
ret = mayfly_enqueue(TICKER_USER_ID_LLL, TICKER_USER_ID_LLL, 1U, &mfy);
LL_ASSERT(!ret);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL */
static struct pdu_adv *chan_prepare(struct lll_adv *lll)
{
struct pdu_adv *pdu;
uint8_t chan;
uint8_t upd;
chan = find_lsb_set(lll->chan_map_curr);
LL_ASSERT(chan);
lll->chan_map_curr &= (lll->chan_map_curr - 1);
lll_chan_set(36 + chan);
/* FIXME: get latest only when primary PDU without Aux PDUs */
upd = 0U;
pdu = lll_adv_data_latest_get(lll, &upd);
LL_ASSERT(pdu);
radio_pkt_tx_set(pdu);
if ((pdu->type != PDU_ADV_TYPE_NONCONN_IND) &&
(!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT) ||
(pdu->type != PDU_ADV_TYPE_EXT_IND))) {
struct pdu_adv *scan_pdu;
scan_pdu = lll_adv_scan_rsp_latest_get(lll, &upd);
LL_ASSERT(scan_pdu);
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)
if (upd) {
/* Copy the address from the adv packet we will send
* into the scan response.
*/
memcpy(&scan_pdu->scan_rsp.addr[0],
&pdu->adv_ind.addr[0], BDADDR_SIZE);
}
#else
ARG_UNUSED(scan_pdu);
ARG_UNUSED(upd);
#endif /* !CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY */
radio_isr_set(isr_tx, lll);
radio_tmr_tifs_set(EVENT_IFS_US);
radio_switch_complete_and_rx(0);
} else {
radio_isr_set(isr_done, lll);
radio_switch_complete_and_disable();
}
return pdu;
}
static inline int isr_rx_pdu(struct lll_adv *lll,
uint8_t devmatch_ok, uint8_t devmatch_id,
uint8_t irkmatch_ok, uint8_t irkmatch_id,
uint8_t rssi_ready)
{
struct node_rx_pdu *node_rx;
struct pdu_adv *pdu_adv;
struct pdu_adv *pdu_rx;
uint8_t tx_addr;
uint8_t *addr;
uint8_t rx_addr;
uint8_t *tgt_addr;
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)
/* An IRK match implies address resolution enabled */
uint8_t rl_idx = irkmatch_ok ? ull_filter_lll_rl_irk_idx(irkmatch_id) :
FILTER_IDX_NONE;
#else
uint8_t rl_idx = FILTER_IDX_NONE;
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY */
node_rx = ull_pdu_rx_alloc_peek(1);
LL_ASSERT(node_rx);
pdu_rx = (void *)node_rx->pdu;
pdu_adv = lll_adv_data_curr_get(lll);
addr = pdu_adv->adv_ind.addr;
tx_addr = pdu_adv->tx_addr;
if (pdu_adv->type == PDU_ADV_TYPE_DIRECT_IND) {
tgt_addr = pdu_adv->direct_ind.tgt_addr;
} else {
tgt_addr = NULL;
}
rx_addr = pdu_adv->rx_addr;
if ((pdu_rx->type == PDU_ADV_TYPE_SCAN_REQ) &&
(pdu_rx->len == sizeof(struct pdu_adv_scan_req)) &&
(tgt_addr == NULL) &&
lll_adv_scan_req_check(lll, pdu_rx, tx_addr, addr, devmatch_ok,
&rl_idx)) {
radio_isr_set(isr_done, lll);
radio_switch_complete_and_disable();
radio_pkt_tx_set(lll_adv_scan_rsp_curr_get(lll));
/* assert if radio packet ptr is not set and radio started tx */
LL_ASSERT(!radio_is_ready());
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PROFILE_ISR)) {
lll_prof_cputime_capture();
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_SCAN_REQ_NOTIFY)
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_ADV_EXT) ||
lll->scan_req_notify) {
uint32_t err;
/* Generate the scan request event */
err = lll_adv_scan_req_report(lll, pdu_rx, rl_idx,
rssi_ready);
if (err) {
/* Scan Response will not be transmitted */
return err;
}
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_SCAN_REQ_NOTIFY */
#if defined(HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_PA_PIN)
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PROFILE_ISR)) {
/* PA/LNA enable is overwriting packet end used in ISR
* profiling, hence back it up for later use.
*/
lll_prof_radio_end_backup();
}
radio_gpio_pa_setup();
radio_gpio_pa_lna_enable(radio_tmr_tifs_base_get() +
EVENT_IFS_US -
radio_rx_chain_delay_get(0, 0) -
HAL_RADIO_GPIO_PA_OFFSET);
#endif /* HAL_RADIO_GPIO_HAVE_PA_PIN */
return 0;
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL)
/* NOTE: Do not accept CONNECT_IND if cancelled flag is set in thread
* context when disabling connectable advertising. This is to
* avoid any race in checking the initiated flags in thread mode
* which is set here if accepting a connection establishment.
*
* Under this race, peer central would get failed to establish
* connection as the disconnect reason. This is an acceptable
* outcome to keep the thread mode implementation simple when
* disabling connectable advertising.
*/
} else if ((pdu_rx->type == PDU_ADV_TYPE_CONNECT_IND) &&
(pdu_rx->len == sizeof(struct pdu_adv_connect_ind)) &&
lll->conn && !lll->conn->periph.cancelled &&
lll_adv_connect_ind_check(lll, pdu_rx, tx_addr, addr,
rx_addr, tgt_addr,
devmatch_ok, &rl_idx)) {
struct node_rx_ftr *ftr;
struct node_rx_pdu *rx;
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_CHAN_SEL_2)) {
rx = ull_pdu_rx_alloc_peek(4);
} else {
rx = ull_pdu_rx_alloc_peek(3);
}
if (!rx) {
return -ENOBUFS;
}
radio_isr_set(isr_abort_all, lll);
radio_disable();
/* assert if radio started tx */
LL_ASSERT(!radio_is_ready());
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PROFILE_ISR)) {
lll_prof_cputime_capture();
}
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_CONN_RSSI)
if (rssi_ready) {
lll->conn->rssi_latest = radio_rssi_get();
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_CONN_RSSI */
/* Stop further LLL radio events */
lll->conn->periph.initiated = 1;
rx = ull_pdu_rx_alloc();
rx->hdr.type = NODE_RX_TYPE_CONNECTION;
rx->hdr.handle = 0xffff;
ftr = &(rx->rx_ftr);
ftr->param = lll;
ftr->ticks_anchor = radio_tmr_start_get();
ftr->radio_end_us = radio_tmr_end_get() -
radio_rx_chain_delay_get(0, 0);
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)
ftr->rl_idx = irkmatch_ok ? rl_idx : FILTER_IDX_NONE;
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY */
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_CHAN_SEL_2)) {
ftr->extra = ull_pdu_rx_alloc();
}
ull_rx_put_sched(rx->hdr.link, rx);
return 0;
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL */
}
return -EINVAL;
}
static bool isr_rx_sr_adva_check(uint8_t tx_addr, uint8_t *addr,
struct pdu_adv *sr)
{
return (tx_addr == sr->rx_addr) &&
!memcmp(addr, sr->scan_req.adv_addr, BDADDR_SIZE);
}
static inline bool isr_rx_ci_tgta_check(struct lll_adv *lll,
uint8_t rx_addr, uint8_t *tgt_addr,
struct pdu_adv *ci, uint8_t rl_idx)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY)
if (rl_idx != FILTER_IDX_NONE && lll->rl_idx != FILTER_IDX_NONE) {
return rl_idx == lll->rl_idx;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BT_CTLR_PRIVACY */
return (rx_addr == ci->tx_addr) &&
!memcmp(tgt_addr, ci->connect_ind.init_addr, BDADDR_SIZE);
}
static inline bool isr_rx_ci_adva_check(uint8_t tx_addr, uint8_t *addr,
struct pdu_adv *ci)
{
return (tx_addr == ci->rx_addr) &&
!memcmp(addr, ci->connect_ind.adv_addr, BDADDR_SIZE);
}
#if defined(CONFIG_ZTEST)
uint32_t lll_adv_free_pdu_fifo_count_get(void)
{
return MFIFO_AVAIL_COUNT_GET(pdu_free);
}
uint32_t lll_adv_pdu_mem_free_count_get(void)
{
return mem_free_count_get(mem_pdu.free);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_ZTEST */
``` |
```php
<?php declare(strict_types=1);
// Generated by the protocol buffer compiler. DO NOT EDIT!
// source: src/Tracing/FederatedTracing/reports.proto
namespace Nuwave\Lighthouse\Tracing\FederatedTracing\Proto;
use Google\Protobuf\Internal\GPBUtil;
/**
* The context around a block of stats and traces indicating from which client the operation was executed and its
* operation type. Operation type and subtype are only used by Apollo Router.
*
* Generated from protobuf message <code>StatsContext</code>
*/
class StatsContext extends \Google\Protobuf\Internal\Message
{
/** Generated from protobuf field <code>string client_name = 2 [json_name = "clientName"];</code> */
protected $client_name = '';
/** Generated from protobuf field <code>string client_version = 3 [json_name = "clientVersion"];</code> */
protected $client_version = '';
/** Generated from protobuf field <code>string operation_type = 4 [json_name = "operationType"];</code> */
protected $operation_type = '';
/** Generated from protobuf field <code>string operation_subtype = 5 [json_name = "operationSubtype"];</code> */
protected $operation_subtype = '';
/**
* The result of the operation. Either OK or the error code that caused the operation to fail.
* This will not contain all errors from a query, only the primary reason the operation failed. e.g. a limits failure or an auth failure.
*
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string result = 6 [json_name = "result"];</code>
*/
protected $result = '';
/**
* Constructor.
*
* @param array $data {
* Optional. Data for populating the Message object.
*
* @var string $client_name
* @var string $client_version
* @var string $operation_type
* @var string $operation_subtype
* @var string $result
* The result of the operation. Either OK or the error code that caused the operation to fail.
* This will not contain all errors from a query, only the primary reason the operation failed. e.g. a limits failure or an auth failure.
* }
*/
public function __construct($data = null)
{
Metadata\Reports::initOnce();
parent::__construct($data);
}
/**
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string client_name = 2 [json_name = "clientName"];</code>.
*
* @return string
*/
public function getClientName()
{
return $this->client_name;
}
/**
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string client_name = 2 [json_name = "clientName"];</code>.
*
* @param string $var
*
* @return $this
*/
public function setClientName($var)
{
GPBUtil::checkString($var, true);
$this->client_name = $var;
return $this;
}
/**
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string client_version = 3 [json_name = "clientVersion"];</code>.
*
* @return string
*/
public function getClientVersion()
{
return $this->client_version;
}
/**
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string client_version = 3 [json_name = "clientVersion"];</code>.
*
* @param string $var
*
* @return $this
*/
public function setClientVersion($var)
{
GPBUtil::checkString($var, true);
$this->client_version = $var;
return $this;
}
/**
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string operation_type = 4 [json_name = "operationType"];</code>.
*
* @return string
*/
public function getOperationType()
{
return $this->operation_type;
}
/**
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string operation_type = 4 [json_name = "operationType"];</code>.
*
* @param string $var
*
* @return $this
*/
public function setOperationType($var)
{
GPBUtil::checkString($var, true);
$this->operation_type = $var;
return $this;
}
/**
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string operation_subtype = 5 [json_name = "operationSubtype"];</code>.
*
* @return string
*/
public function getOperationSubtype()
{
return $this->operation_subtype;
}
/**
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string operation_subtype = 5 [json_name = "operationSubtype"];</code>.
*
* @param string $var
*
* @return $this
*/
public function setOperationSubtype($var)
{
GPBUtil::checkString($var, true);
$this->operation_subtype = $var;
return $this;
}
/**
* The result of the operation. Either OK or the error code that caused the operation to fail.
* This will not contain all errors from a query, only the primary reason the operation failed. e.g. a limits failure or an auth failure.
*
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string result = 6 [json_name = "result"];</code>
*
* @return string
*/
public function getResult()
{
return $this->result;
}
/**
* The result of the operation. Either OK or the error code that caused the operation to fail.
* This will not contain all errors from a query, only the primary reason the operation failed. e.g. a limits failure or an auth failure.
*
* Generated from protobuf field <code>string result = 6 [json_name = "result"];</code>
*
* @param string $var
*
* @return $this
*/
public function setResult($var)
{
GPBUtil::checkString($var, true);
$this->result = $var;
return $this;
}
}
``` |
```scala
/*
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package org.apache.openwhisk.core.loadBalancer
import akka.actor.{ActorRef, ActorSystem, Props}
import org.apache.openwhisk.common._
import org.apache.openwhisk.core.WhiskConfig._
import org.apache.openwhisk.core.connector._
import org.apache.openwhisk.core.containerpool.ContainerPoolConfig
import org.apache.openwhisk.core.entity._
import org.apache.openwhisk.core.invoker.InvokerProvider
import org.apache.openwhisk.core.{ConfigKeys, WhiskConfig}
import org.apache.openwhisk.spi.SpiLoader
import org.apache.openwhisk.utils.ExecutionContextFactory
import pureconfig._
import pureconfig.generic.auto._
import org.apache.openwhisk.core.entity.size._
import scala.concurrent.Future
/**
* Lean loadbalancer implemetation.
*
* Communicates with Invoker directly without Kafka in the middle. Invoker does not exist as a separate entity, it is built together with Controller
* Uses LeanMessagingProvider to use in-memory queue instead of Kafka
*/
class LeanBalancer(config: WhiskConfig,
feedFactory: FeedFactory,
controllerInstance: ControllerInstanceId,
implicit val messagingProvider: MessagingProvider = SpiLoader.get[MessagingProvider])(
implicit actorSystem: ActorSystem,
logging: Logging)
extends CommonLoadBalancer(config, feedFactory, controllerInstance) {
/** Loadbalancer interface methods */
override def invokerHealth(): Future[IndexedSeq[InvokerHealth]] = Future.successful(IndexedSeq.empty[InvokerHealth])
override def clusterSize: Int = 1
val poolConfig: ContainerPoolConfig = loadConfigOrThrow[ContainerPoolConfig](ConfigKeys.containerPool)
val invokerName = InvokerInstanceId(0, None, None, poolConfig.userMemory)
/** 1. Publish a message to the loadbalancer */
override def publish(action: ExecutableWhiskActionMetaData, msg: ActivationMessage)(
implicit transid: TransactionId): Future[Future[Either[ActivationId, WhiskActivation]]] = {
/** 2. Update local state with the activation to be executed scheduled. */
val activationResult = setupActivation(msg, action, invokerName)
sendActivationToInvoker(messageProducer, msg, invokerName).map(_ => activationResult)
}
/** Creates an invoker for executing user actions. There is only one invoker in the lean model. */
private def makeALocalThreadedInvoker(): Unit = {
implicit val ec = ExecutionContextFactory.makeCachedThreadPoolExecutionContext()
val limitConfig: IntraConcurrencyLimitConfig =
loadConfigOrThrow[IntraConcurrencyLimitConfig](ConfigKeys.concurrencyLimit)
SpiLoader.get[InvokerProvider].instance(config, invokerName, messageProducer, poolConfig, limitConfig)
}
makeALocalThreadedInvoker()
override protected val invokerPool: ActorRef = actorSystem.actorOf(Props.empty)
override protected def releaseInvoker(invoker: InvokerInstanceId, entry: ActivationEntry) = {
// Currently do nothing
}
override protected def emitMetrics() = {
super.emitMetrics()
}
}
object LeanBalancer extends LoadBalancerProvider {
override def instance(whiskConfig: WhiskConfig, instance: ControllerInstanceId)(implicit actorSystem: ActorSystem,
logging: Logging): LoadBalancer = {
new LeanBalancer(whiskConfig, createFeedFactory(whiskConfig, instance), instance)
}
def requiredProperties =
ExecManifest.requiredProperties ++
wskApiHost
}
``` |
The United Federation of Postal Clerks (UFPC) was a labor union representing clerks working for the post office in the United States.
History
The union was established on April 17, 1961, with the merger of the National Federation of Post Office Clerks and the United National Association of Post Office Clerks. It was initially named the United Federation of Post Office Clerks, and it was chartered by the AFL-CIO. On July 1, 1961, the union absorbed the National Postal Transport Association, and adopted its final name. On formation, it had 135,000 members.
By 1969, the union had grown to 166,000 members. On July 1, 1971, the union merged with the National Association of Special Delivery Messengers, the National Association of Post Office and General Services Maintenance Employees, the National Federation of Post Office Motor Vehicle Employees, and the National Postal Union, to form the American Postal Workers' Union.
Leadership
Presidents
1961: Roy Hallbeck
1969: Francis S. Filbey
Secretary-Treasurers
1961: John F. Bowen
1962: Owen H. Schoon
1969: Jack Love
References
Postal trade unions
Trade unions established in 1961
Trade unions disestablished in 1971 |
Robert Sonkin (1910–1980) was an American scholar of speech, language, and music.
Life
Sonkin was born into an Orthodox Jewish family in the Bronx, New York, on December 25, 1910. Sonkin, who held degrees from City College (CCNY) (now the City College of the City University of New York [CUNY]) and Columbia University, founded the speech clinic at City College. He met Charles L. Todd while they were both working in the Department of Public Speaking at City College in the late 1930s. In addition to doing ethnographic research with Todd in California, Sonkin also documented the African American community of the town of Gee's Bend, Alabama, where other Farm Security Administration (FSA) work was being carried out. After the onset of World War II, Sonkin participated in an Archive of American Folk Song-sponsored project to document the man-in-the-street's opinion of the war effort. Like Todd, Sonkin was drafted into the military during World War II, where he served in the Army Signal Corps.
At the end of the war, Sonkin returned to City College and became professor of speech. In 1977, collaborators Todd and Sonkin jointly published a biography of Alexander Bryan Johnson.
Sonkin retired from CUNY in 1976 and became professor emeritus. He died May 26, 1980, at the age of sixty-nine.
References
External links
Library of Congress
1910 births
1980 deaths
Jewish American scientists
People from the Bronx
20th-century American Jews |
Einar Grill Fasting (25 October 1883 – 21 April 1958) was a Norwegian businessperson and Nazi politician.
In 1933 he co-founded the local branch of the Norwegian Fascist party Nasjonal Samling in Hamar. He became the city leader (Führer), whereas townsman Wilhelm Frimann Koren Christie became county leader. Compared to elsewhere in Norway, the party was relatively successful in Hamar, winning two city council seats in its first election outing. Fasting also chaired the local sports club Hamar IL from 1930 to 1934.
On 9 April 1940 Norway was invaded by Nazi Germany. During the subsequent occupation, Fasting was installed by the Germans as mayor of Hamar on 1 January 1941. In July 1941 he was installed as chairman of Hamar, Vang og Furnes Kommunale Kraftselskap.
After the Second World War, Fasting was removed from his positions, and was arrested in May 1945. In the post-war Norwegian legal purge he was tried for treason, and in Hamar City Court he was sentenced to nine years of prison in October 1946. His case was finally decided in the Supreme Court of Norway in December 1948, where his sentence was reduced to seven years. He died in 1958.
References
1883 births
1958 deaths
People from Hamar
Members of Nasjonal Samling
Mayors under the German occupation of Norway
Politicians from Hamar
Norwegian sports executives and administrators
Norwegian politicians convicted of crimes
People convicted of treason for Nazi Germany against Norway |
Jucifer is an American doom metal duo, which was founded in 1993. The band's members are Gazelle Amber Valentine on lead guitar and vocals, and her husband Edgar Livengood on drums. Jucifer is notable for the extreme volume at which they perform, and the gigantic wall of amplification used for Valentine's guitar, as well as the dichotomy that has existed between much of the recorded material and their live shows. They are also notable for incessant touring beginning in the mid-1990s. In 2000 Jucifer moved into an RV and became completely "nomadic in nature", preferring to tour constantly, living in their tour vehicle, rather than following the normal practice of album release/tour/time at home.
The husband-and-wife duo were starring in a film by Derek Cianfrance titled Metalhead, a drama centering on a drummer suffering from hearing loss and learning the meaning of silence. Livengood and Valentine play as themselves acting a fictitious story in the film. The film was in production since 2009 but was cancelled few years later. Cianfrance would later executive produce Sound of Metal, which is a rework of Metalhead co-written and directed by Darius Marder. Although Cianfrance used Jucifer as inspiration for his original plot, which in turn inspired the reworked version, neither film is biographical.
In 2015, Jucifer previewed teasers for a "music video biopic" called NOMADS: Build To Destroy which features tour footage and documentary materials filmed and assembled by the band. Livengood is credited with photography and Valentine with editing. The film was slated for a 2017 release.
History
Jucifer was formed in 1993 by Gazelle Amber Valentine and Edgar Livengood, who, according to Valentine, coined the band's name from a statement he heard during O. J. Simpson's trials for the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman: "If he's guilty, then he's the devil and The Juice is Lucifer." Previous to Jucifer the band had performed under several other names including Starbuck, Satan's Cheerleaders, and Battle Star. In 1994 Jucifer self-released a demo EP on cassette, Nadir. In 1995 a 7" Superman / Licorice was issued by fan run indie label Crack Rock, which also released Jucifer's first studio album, Calling All Cars on the Vegas Strip. After this release, they signed to major label Capricorn Records, which reissued the album in 2000. With Jucifer still signed and awaiting release of its second album recorded in 1999, Capricorn officially went out of business. However a skeleton staff continued under the name Velocette Records, which released extended play EP Lambs in 2001 I Name You Destroyer in 2002 and War Bird in 2004. For their fifth release, If Thine Enemy Hunger, Jucifer signed to Relapse Records,
In March 2008, Jucifer released the double album, L'Autrichienne, which was recorded in July 2007. To support the album, Jucifer embarked on their first tour through Europe.
In 2010 Jucifer founded its own label, Nomadic Fortress Records, and signed a distribution deal with Relapse Records for its output. The band continues to tour constantly, both across North America and returning to Europe in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017, and 2019.
The album Throned In Blood was released in April 2010 by Nomadic Fortress Records on CD, and on vinyl by Alternative Tentacles. This album channels the raw hostility, black metal, death metal, and especially doom qualities which have dominated Jucifer's live show but more rarely been heard on earlier albums.
In 2011 the demos EP from 1994 Nadir was mastered by Scott Hull and reissued by the digital-only Grindcore Karaoke label. In 2012 Nadir was remastered for vinyl by Brad Boatright and issued on limited marble LPs by Mutants of the Monster.
On July 17, 2013 Jucifer released the album За Волгой для нас земли нет via Nomadic Fortress and Mutants of the Monster. The concept record about the history of Russian city Volgograd (focusing especially on the Battle of Stalingrad) was issued on double vinyl by Alternative Tentacles in October 2013.
Jucifer's studio album entitled District of Dystopia, was released on CD and digital formats by Nomadic Fortress in December 2014. It is a concept album based upon various atrocities committed by the United States government. The album was recorded, engineered, and mastered by the band inside their RV. In October 2015, District of Dystopia was mastered for vinyl by Brad Boatright and released on LP format by Alternative Tentacles.
Jucifer remains nomadic. Their 2013 "Twenty Years Slaying Ears" tour included 32 countries. In 2014 the band performed in the U.S. and U.K. and, in 2015, Jucifer toured the West Coast of the U.S. for the first time since 2012.
In January 2019 Jucifer's EP Futility was released. In July 2020 Jucifer announced a new album, called نظم (Nazm) will be released in November.
Jucifer's album نظم was released on November 7, 2020. It is a concept album about "the stories of Valentine’s life, the lineage of women in her family, and the struggles and resilience of women in every place and time. The ambitious, sprawling double album is also Jucifer’s spin on Central Asian and Arabic music"
NPR All Songs Considered selected نظم for their Best Music of November 2020 and described it as "beautifully deep music drawn from an ancient and ever-present bloodline, from one of the heaviest bands on Earth".
Discography
Studio albums
Calling All Cars on the Vegas Strip (1998, Crack Rock records, 2000, Capricorn Records)
I Name You Destroyer (2002, Velocette Records)
If Thine Enemy Hunger (2006, Relapse Records)
L'Autrichienne (2008, Relapse Records, 2xLP via Alternative Tentacles)
Throned in Blood (2010, Nomadic Fortress Records, distribution through Relapse Records, LP via Alternative Tentacles)
За Волгой для нас земли нет (2013, Nomadic Fortress Records, Mutants of the Monster, Alternative Tentacles)
District of Dystopia (2014, Nomadic Fortress Records: 2015, Alternative Tentacles)
نظم (2020, Nomadic Fortress Records)
EPs
Nadir EP (1994, four track demos, self-released)
Lambs EP (2001, Capricorn Records)
War Bird EP (2004, Velocette Records)
Autocannibalist EP released as split cd w/Show of Bedlam (2009, Choking Hazard)
Nadir reissue, 1994 demos EP (2011, Grindcore Karaoke, 2012, Mutants of the Monster)
Futility (2019, Nomadic Fortress Records via mp3 and 7" vinyl)
Live DVDs
A Partridge In A Pear Tree DVD (2004, AmberVillain Films)
Veterans of Volume: Live With Eight Cameras (2008, Bare Ruined Films)
References
External links
American doom metal musical groups
Musical groups established in 1993
Heavy metal musical groups from Georgia (U.S. state)
Capricorn Records artists
American sludge metal musical groups
Relapse Records artists
Alternative Tentacles artists
Heavy metal duos
Male–female musical duos |
```yaml
# UTF-8
# YAML #
# name
name:
# other_names ...
# YAML
# other_names: {"":"", "":"", "":"Tom"}
#
other_names:
# sex M/F /
sex: M
# birth 4 N/A
birth: 1950
# death 4 N/A
death: N/A
# desc YAML
# desc
desc: |
# links YAML list
#
#
links:
``` |
Associazione Calcio Formigine Associazione Sportiva Dilettantistica is an Italian football club based in Formigine, Emilia Romagna. Currently it plays in Italy's Eccellenza Emilia-Romagna/A.
History
Foundation
The club was founded in 1968.
Serie D
In the season 2011–12 the team was promoted for the first time, from Eccellenza Emilia-Romagna/B to Serie D/D.
Colours and badge
The team's colors are green and blue.
Players
First team
Youth
Honours
Eccellenza Emilia-Romagna/B: 2011–12
References
External links
Official website
Football clubs in Italy
Association football clubs established in 1968
Football clubs in Emilia-Romagna
1968 establishments in Italy |
Pizzoc is a mountain of the Veneto, Italy. It has an elevation of 1,565 metres.
Mountains of the Alps
Mountains of Veneto |
Victoria Muntean (born 23 January 1997) is a French professional tennis player.
Muntean has a career-high WTA singles ranking of 435, attained on 27 June 2016, and a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 381, reached on 29 August 2022. She has won three singles titles and six doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
Career
Muntean made her WTA Tour doubles main-draw debut at the 2011 Internationaux de Strasbourg, partnering Dia Evtimova; they lost in the first round to the fourth-seeded pair of Akgul Amanmuradova and Chuang Chia-jung.
ITF Circuit finals
Singles: 8 (3 titles, 5 runner–ups)
Doubles: 21 (6 titles, 14 runner–ups)
References
External links
French female tennis players
1997 births
Living people
French people of Romanian descent
Sportspeople from Meurthe-et-Moselle |
CCP most commonly refers to the Chinese Communist Party, the sole ruling party in the People's Republic of China.
CCP may also refer to:
Government and law
Chinese Confession Program, a program run by the United States Immigration and Naturalization Services between 1956 and 1965 to get people of Chinese origin who had immigrated on false pretences to confess to immigration fraud
Canadians' Choice Party, a small, far-right provincial party in Ontario, Canada
Coimbatore City Police, India
Competition Commission of Pakistan, an independent agency of the Government of Pakistan for the enforcement of economic competition laws
Concealed Carry Permit, required in parts of the United States to carry a gun hidden on their person
Court Challenges Program of Canada, offers financial support to help Canadians access the justice system in order to assert their constitutional rights
Economy or finance
Central counterparty clearing, a method by which a financial institution facilitates transactions in security markets
Common commercial policy, a process by which countries co-ordinate or completely delegate their trade policy
Education
Center for Creative Photography, a research facility and archival repository at the University of Arizona, Tucson
Central Colleges of the Philippines, an educational institution in Quezon City, Philippines
Centre for Child Protection, an institute of the Gregorian University dedicated to understanding and preventing sexual abuse in the Catholic Church
Circle City Prep, a public K-8 charter school in Indianapolis, Indiana
Community College of Philadelphia, a community college in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
University of Chicago Contemporary Chamber Players, an American ensemble dedicated to the performance of contemporary classical music
Organizations
Center for Competitive Politics, an organization promoting free speech rights in the United States.
Centre for Contemporary Photography, a photography gallery in Melbourne, Australia
Ceylon College of Physicians, a medical association in Sri Lanka
Confederación Campesina del Perú, a peasant organization in Peru
Cultural Center of the Philippines, an organization focused on promoting and preserving Filipino art and culture
Science
Capacitively coupled plasma, a style of industrial plasma source commonly used in microfabrication
Cell cycle progression, the series of events that takes place in a cell
Complement control protein, proteins that interact with components of the complement system
Context change potential, analysis of natural language, establishing meaning on the dynamic basis of prior shared information
Cubic close-packed, a type of crystal structure
Cyclic citrullinated peptide, a chemical whose presence in the blood is an indicator of rheumatoid arthritis
Cytochrome c peroxidase, an enzyme found in yeast that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
Computing
CAN Calibration Protocol, a protocol for communication with embedded systems with CAN interfaces
CCP Games, an Icelandic video game developer
Common-closure principle, one of the package principles of object-oriented design
Compression Control Protocol, a subprotocol of PPP
Console Command Processor, a component of the CP/M operating system
Context change potential, in natural language processing, the evaluation of new input against most recent output
Professional certification
Certification in Clinical Perfusion, a professional designation that certifies the competency of cardiovascular perfusionists
Certified Cheese Professional, a professional certification awarded by the American Cheese Society
Certified College Planning Specialist, a designation issued by the National Institute of Certified College Planners
Certified Compensation Professional, a professional certification awarded by the WorldatWork Society of Certified Professionals
Certified Computing Professional, a professional certification administered by the Institute for Certification of Computing Professionals
Certified Cost Professional, a professional certification awarded by Association for the Advancement of Cost Engineering (AACE) International
CESG Certified Professional, a framework for certifying information assurance professionals in UK government and industry
Other uses
Carbonless copy paper, a type of paper allowing multiple copies of one writing
Carriel Sur International Airport, Chile, by IATA airport code
Chakma language (ISO 639-3: ccp), an Indo-European language spoken by the Chakma and Daingnet people
Club Cerro Porteño, a football team in Paraguay
Commercial Crew Program, a human spaceflight program operated by NASA
Compact Carry Pistol Division, a shooting division of the International Defensive Pistol Association
Conference on Cataloguing Principles, influential international conference on library cataloging in Paris in 1961
Country Club Plaza, a regional shopping center in Kansas City (also CCP KC)
Critical control point, a food safety procedure
Cross County Parkway, a road in Westchester County, New York, USA
See also
CCCP (disambiguation) |
Luis Felipe Eguía Pérez (born 7 November 1969) is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution. From 2009 to 2012 he served as Deputy of the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the Federal District.
References
1969 births
Living people
Politicians from Mexico City
Party of the Democratic Revolution politicians
21st-century Mexican politicians
Deputies of the LXI Legislature of Mexico
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Mexico City |
Urszula Sipińska (born September 19, 1947) is Polish singer-songwriter, architect and writer. Within twenty years of her musical career she earned numerous hits in Poland, including "Zapomniałam", "To był świat w zupełnie starym stylu", "Są takie dni w tygodniu", "Chcę wyjechać na wieś" and "Mam cudownych rodziców". She has won many awards and performed in Poland and abroad. At the turn of the 1980s and 1990s, Sipińska ended her singing career, focusing on architecture and writing.
Biography
Urszula Sipińska was raised in Wilda, Poznań with elder sister Elżbieta and younger brother Stanisław. She went to music school where she learned to play piano, and later studied Interior Design at University of Fine Arts in Poznań. Although musically active already in her student years, it was not until 1967 that her singing career took off, when she performed "Zapomniałam" at the National Festival of Polish Song in Opole. The song, which she had co-written with her sister, became a major hit. In 1968, Sipińska won the 1st prize at the Sopot International Song Festival with the song "Po ten kwiat czerwony". She would subsequently perform at festivals in Switzerland and Tenerife to considerable success.
Sipińska's debut, self-titled album was released in 1971 by Pronit. Her song "Bright Days Will Come" was met with a positive reception at a festival in Mexico, when in Poland she enjoyed success with the song "Jaka jesteś Mario". Both songs were included on her second LP, Bright Days Will Come, released in 1973, which also included what would become one of her biggest hits, "To był świat w zupełnie starym stylu". The singer continued to perform in Poland and abroad, including East Germany and Japan, before releasing her next album Zabaw się w mój świat in 1975. At the festival in Palma, Sipińska was awarded with the 2nd prize for the song "Wołaniem wołam cię".
In 1980, she released her fourth album, Są takie dni w tygodniu/Kolorowy film, which consisted of two separate suites on both sides of the LP. The song "Są takie dni w tygodniu" became very popular and is now considered one of her biggest hits. This was followed by the country album W podróży, which was released in 1981 and spawned another hit, "Chcę wyjechać na wieś". In 1982, the singer suffered severe injuries in a car accident in Germany, which almost left her disabled. That prompted her to take a longer break from music.
She returned to recording in 1988 with the song "Mam cudownych rodziców", which would become an evergreen and arguably her biggest hit. It was included on her next album, Nie zapomniałam..., which was her last album of original material. According to the decision she had made at the beginning of her career, Urszula Sipińska gave up singing, having turned 40. She would only release a holiday album Białe święta in 1994, which consisted mostly of Polish Christmas carols. Sipińska focused on architecture and have worked on many high-profile projects. She also published feuilletons in magazines and released two books, Hodowcy lalek (2005) and Gdybym była aniołem. Historie prawdziwe, dziwne, śmieszne (2010).
Notable songs
"Zapomniałam"
"Poziomki"
"Jaka jesteś Mario"
"To był świat w zupełnie starym stylu"
"Komu weselne dzieci"
"Chłopak z drewna"
"Pamiętam nas"
"Są takie dni w tygodniu"
"Chcę wyjechać na wieś"
"Muzyk, muzyk"
"Mam cudownych rodziców"
"Gdzie ten świat 60-tych lat"
"Szalala, zabawa trwa"
Discography
Studio albums
1971: Urszula Sipińska
1973: Bright Days Will Come
1975: Zabaw się w mój świat
1980: Są takie dni w tygodniu/Kolorowy film
1981: W podróży
1988: Nie zapomniałam...
1994: Białe święta
Compilation albums
1995: Zapomniałam...? The Best of Urszula Sipińska
1997: Antologia Vol. 1
1997: Antologia Vol. 2
1997: Antologia Vol. 3 – Ballady
1999: Są takie dni w tygodniu – Złota kolekcja
2000: Przystanek mojej młodości
2003: Wołaniem wołam cię – Perły
2006: Nie zapomniałam... Platynowa kolekcja
References
1947 births
Polish country singers
Living people
Musicians from Poznań
Architects from Poznań
Polish women singers
Polish pop singers |
```objective-c
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
the Free Software Foundation
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. */
// Animation names
#define BURNEDSTAINONTHEWALL_ANIM_DEFAULT_ANIMATION 0
// Color names
// Patch names
// Names of collision boxes
#define BURNEDSTAINONTHEWALL_COLLISION_BOX_PART_NAME 0
// Attaching position names
// Sound names
``` |
Dalbergia reniformis is a wetland-dependent tree native to Bangladesh, India and Myanmar. It is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae.
In Bangladesh, it is found Haor wetland of the Sylhet Division. It is locally known as Karoch in Sunamganj, Sylhet area of Bangladesh. It is a small tree. The branches brown-silky and the leaves are compound, imparipinnate, alternate; leaflets 7-11, ca. 15-27 x 4-5 cm long, ovate, rounded at base, acute at apex, coriaceous, glabrescent. The flowers in axillary panicles, dense, silky; calyx ca. 30 cm long, white, standard obovate; stamens in two bundles. The fruit is Pod, ca. 2.5-3 x 0.6 - 0.7 cm, glabrous, fleshy when ripe, joints reniform.
The tree has strong adaption capacities to survive in water for up to six months or more. Serving as windbreaker and protect soil erosion at the Haor area of Bangladesh during the rainy season. It is the dominant tree in Ratargul freshwater flooded forest in Bangladesh.
References
reniformis |
A pea-picker is a derogatory reference to poor, migrant workers during the Great Depression. These people were unskilled, poorly educated workers, employable only in menial jobs, such as harvesting crops and, as such, received poor wages for working long hours under dreadful conditions. Some of these people were photographed by Dorothea Lange.
The term "pea picker" is used to distinguish a group as a lower social class from some other similar group, such as the "pea-picking" Smiths, as opposed to the "respectable" Smiths. Temporary communities of pea-pickers are called pea picker camps and farms that employed them were pea-picker farms.
Dust Bowl migrants
During the Great Depression, the American government, without due process, deported between 1 and 2 million American citizens and legal residents of Mexican descent. This mass deportation, known as the Mexican Repatriation, took place from 1929 to 1939 and was empowered by panic of an alarmingly high unemployment rate sweeping over the United States at this time. The Dust Bowl was the name given to the Great Plains region devastated by drought in 1930s depression-ridden America. This triggered the migration of men, women, and children seeking work, food, and shelter making their way to California, hoping to find opportunity and a better life. Most of the migrants moving west were not farmers, having lived either in a town or city doing some kind of blue-collar work. They headed west unaware of the poor living conditions and only seasonal work that largely depended on the weather. The Midwesterners impacted by both the Depression and Dust Bowl packed up their families and relocated in hopes of finding a chance at the American dream, having realized that the drought and dust storms would not end anytime soon. Some sold what they could not bring along and began to drive west on Route 66. The term pea-picker was used to describe these particular group migrant workers in a negative context. The workers who picked these peas before the Dust Bowl migration and Mexican Repatriation had taken place were mostly Mexicans, Filipinos, and single white males before the Depression. This new work force of unskilled migrant families from the Dust Bowl now took their place and helped coin the term pea-pickers.
See also
Okie
Tennessee Ernie Ford, who was nicknamed "The Ol' Pea-Picker Himself"
White trash
The Grapes of Wrath
References
External links
Schwinn "Peapicker"
Great Depression in the United States
Agricultural labor |
The Men's 100 metres B2 was a track event in athletics at the 1992 Summer Paralympics, for visually impaired athletes. It consisted of five heats, two semi-finals and a final.
Results
First round
Heat 1
Heat 2
Heat 3
Heat 4
Heat 5
Semi-final
Heat 1
Heat 2
Final
References
Men's 100 metres B2 |
The PlayStation 5 is a video game console by Sony Interactive Entertainment.
PS5 and variations thereof may also refer to:
Constituency PS-5 (Ghotki-I), a constituency of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh
Minardi PS05, a Formula One race car used by Minardi Cosworth in the 2005 Formula One season
PS-05/A, a pulse-doppler radar currently used by the JAS 39 Gripen fighter aircraft |
```ruby
# frozen_string_literal: true
class Api::V1::StatusesController < Api::BaseController
include Authorization
before_action -> { authorize_if_got_token! :read, :'read:statuses' }, except: [:create, :update, :destroy]
before_action -> { doorkeeper_authorize! :write, :'write:statuses' }, only: [:create, :update, :destroy]
before_action :require_user!, except: [:index, :show, :context]
before_action :set_statuses, only: [:index]
before_action :set_status, only: [:show, :context]
before_action :set_thread, only: [:create]
before_action :check_statuses_limit, only: [:index]
override_rate_limit_headers :create, family: :statuses
override_rate_limit_headers :update, family: :statuses
# This API was originally unlimited, pagination cannot be introduced without
# breaking backwards-compatibility. Arbitrarily high number to cover most
# conversations as quasi-unlimited, it would be too much work to render more
# than this anyway
CONTEXT_LIMIT = 4_096
# This remains expensive and we don't want to show everything to logged-out users
ANCESTORS_LIMIT = 40
DESCENDANTS_LIMIT = 60
DESCENDANTS_DEPTH_LIMIT = 20
def index
@statuses = preload_collection(@statuses, Status)
render json: @statuses, each_serializer: REST::StatusSerializer
end
def show
cache_if_unauthenticated!
@status = preload_collection([@status], Status).first
render json: @status, serializer: REST::StatusSerializer
end
def context
cache_if_unauthenticated!
ancestors_limit = CONTEXT_LIMIT
descendants_limit = CONTEXT_LIMIT
descendants_depth_limit = nil
if current_account.nil?
ancestors_limit = ANCESTORS_LIMIT
descendants_limit = DESCENDANTS_LIMIT
descendants_depth_limit = DESCENDANTS_DEPTH_LIMIT
end
ancestors_results = @status.in_reply_to_id.nil? ? [] : @status.ancestors(ancestors_limit, current_account)
descendants_results = @status.descendants(descendants_limit, current_account, descendants_depth_limit)
loaded_ancestors = preload_collection(ancestors_results, Status)
loaded_descendants = preload_collection(descendants_results, Status)
@context = Context.new(ancestors: loaded_ancestors, descendants: loaded_descendants)
statuses = [@status] + @context.ancestors + @context.descendants
render json: @context, serializer: REST::ContextSerializer, relationships: StatusRelationshipsPresenter.new(statuses, current_user&.account_id)
end
def create
@status = PostStatusService.new.call(
current_user.account,
text: status_params[:status],
thread: @thread,
media_ids: status_params[:media_ids],
sensitive: status_params[:sensitive],
spoiler_text: status_params[:spoiler_text],
visibility: status_params[:visibility],
language: status_params[:language],
scheduled_at: status_params[:scheduled_at],
application: doorkeeper_token.application,
poll: status_params[:poll],
allowed_mentions: status_params[:allowed_mentions],
idempotency: request.headers['Idempotency-Key'],
with_rate_limit: true
)
render json: @status, serializer: serializer_for_status
rescue PostStatusService::UnexpectedMentionsError => e
render json: unexpected_accounts_error_json(e), status: 422
end
def update
@status = Status.where(account: current_account).find(params[:id])
authorize @status, :update?
UpdateStatusService.new.call(
@status,
current_account.id,
text: status_params[:status],
media_ids: status_params[:media_ids],
media_attributes: status_params[:media_attributes],
sensitive: status_params[:sensitive],
language: status_params[:language],
spoiler_text: status_params[:spoiler_text],
poll: status_params[:poll]
)
render json: @status, serializer: REST::StatusSerializer
end
def destroy
@status = Status.where(account: current_account).find(params[:id])
authorize @status, :destroy?
@status.discard_with_reblogs
StatusPin.find_by(status: @status)&.destroy
@status.account.statuses_count = @status.account.statuses_count - 1
json = render_to_body json: @status, serializer: REST::StatusSerializer, source_requested: true
RemovalWorker.perform_async(@status.id, { 'redraft' => true })
render json: json
end
private
def set_statuses
@statuses = Status.permitted_statuses_from_ids(status_ids, current_account)
end
def set_status
@status = Status.find(params[:id])
authorize @status, :show?
rescue Mastodon::NotPermittedError
not_found
end
def set_thread
@thread = Status.find(status_params[:in_reply_to_id]) if status_params[:in_reply_to_id].present?
authorize(@thread, :show?) if @thread.present?
rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound, Mastodon::NotPermittedError
render json: { error: I18n.t('statuses.errors.in_reply_not_found') }, status: 404
end
def check_statuses_limit
raise(Mastodon::ValidationError) if status_ids.size > DEFAULT_STATUSES_LIMIT
end
def status_ids
Array(statuses_params[:id]).uniq.map(&:to_i)
end
def statuses_params
params.permit(id: [])
end
def status_params
params.permit(
:status,
:in_reply_to_id,
:sensitive,
:spoiler_text,
:visibility,
:language,
:scheduled_at,
allowed_mentions: [],
media_ids: [],
media_attributes: [
:id,
:thumbnail,
:description,
:focus,
],
poll: [
:multiple,
:hide_totals,
:expires_in,
options: [],
]
)
end
def serializer_for_status
@status.is_a?(ScheduledStatus) ? REST::ScheduledStatusSerializer : REST::StatusSerializer
end
def unexpected_accounts_error_json(error)
{
error: error.message,
unexpected_accounts: serialized_accounts(error.accounts),
}
end
def serialized_accounts(accounts)
ActiveModel::Serializer::CollectionSerializer.new(accounts, serializer: REST::AccountSerializer)
end
end
``` |
```go
/*
path_to_url
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package version
import "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
// Info contains versioning information.
// TODO: Add []string of api versions supported? It's still unclear
// how we'll want to distribute that information.
type Info struct {
Major string `json:"major"`
Minor string `json:"minor"`
GitVersion string `json:"gitVersion"`
GitCommit string `json:"gitCommit"`
GitTreeState string `json:"gitTreeState"`
}
// Get returns the overall codebase version. It's for detecting
// what code a binary was built from.
func Get() Info {
// These variables typically come from -ldflags settings and in
// their absence fallback to the settings in pkg/version/base.go
return Info{
Major: gitMajor,
Minor: gitMinor,
GitVersion: gitVersion,
GitCommit: gitCommit,
GitTreeState: gitTreeState,
}
}
// String returns info as a human-friendly version string.
func (info Info) String() string {
return info.GitVersion
}
func init() {
buildInfo := prometheus.NewGaugeVec(
prometheus.GaugeOpts{
Name: "kubernetes_build_info",
Help: "A metric with a constant '1' value labeled by major, minor, git version, git commit and git tree state from which Kubernetes was built.",
},
[]string{"major", "minor", "gitVersion", "gitCommit", "gitTreeState"},
)
info := Get()
buildInfo.WithLabelValues(info.Major, info.Minor, info.GitVersion, info.GitCommit, info.GitTreeState).Set(1)
prometheus.MustRegister(buildInfo)
}
``` |
Robert Sroufe is a scholar of sustainability, integrated management, high-performance buildings, supply chain management and operations. He is the Murrin Chair of Global Competitiveness at Duquesne University and the Palumbo-Donahue Graduate School of Business. His research utilizes a systemic outlook to understand triple bottom line performance, extending TBL to the contemporary term integrated bottom line (IBL) metrics reported to internal and external stakeholders. More specifically, he focuses on the most successful systems and tools for measuring and managing the relationship between performance and the environmental, social, and financial practices of businesses. His list of publications is primarily about: how firms can create productive management systems, integrate them across business functions, and measure and manage their performance; the main drivers of sustainability; the process and importance of existing buildings becoming high-performance buildings; the UN Sustainable Development Goals; and the strategic change process that occurs during a firm's sustainable development. Michigan State University conferred him a Ph.D.
Awards
The Aspen Institute Business & Society Program awarded him with the 2017 Ideas Worth Teaching Award for his course Sustainability Tools and Processes for New Initiatives, and he was also a finalist for the Aspen Institute's Faculty Pioneer Award. The Decision Sciences Institute awarded him with the Instructional Innovation Award for his Sustainability Tools and Processes for New Initiatives course. Dr. Sroufe was awarded the University Creative Teaching Award by Duquesne University. As the curriculum lead for the MBA-Sustainable Business Practices program, he was part of the faculty that awarded the Page Prize for Best U.S. Environmental Curriculum. Under the direction of Dr. Robert Sroufe, Duquesne University's MBA-Sustainable Business Practices program was ranked as the #1 Better World MBA program in the United States and #4 program in the world by Corporate Knights Magazine in 2020. His work has been featured in a number of journals, including the Journal of Operations Management, the Production and Operations Management Society, the European Journal of Operations Research, the Journal of Supply Chain Management, International Journal of Production Research, the Production and Inventory Management Journal, Greener Management International, and Business Strategy and the Environment. His book Integrated Management: How Sustainability Creates Value for Any Business was awarded the 2020 Responsible Research in Business and Management, co-sponsored by the International Association for Chinese Management Research and the Community for Responsible Research in Business and Management. This book is used as the basis for curriculum in the top-ranked Duquesne University Duquesne University MBA-Sustainable Business Practices program. His book Developing Sustainable Supply Chains: Management Insights, Issues, and Tools, co-authored by Steven A. Melnyk, was awarded the Best Book Award from the Academy of Management Organizations and the Environment Division and included in the Sustainable Brands Top Sustainability Books Collection.
Education and career
He earned his Ph.D. in Operations as well as a dual M.B.A. in Materials and Logistics Management, along with Procurement from Michigan State University. He began his teaching career during his time at Michigan State University.
Before starting the MBA-Sustainable Business Practices program at Duquesne University, he was an assistant professor at Boston College focused on operations management. He has also held professional positions with the Department of Defense, the National Pollution Prevention Center, and has been a contracted consultant for a variety of firms.
Publications
Books
Sroufe, R., Stevenson, C., and Eckenrode, B., The Power of Existing Buildings: Save Money, Improve Health, and Reduce Environmental Impacts, () Publisher: Island Press, 2019.
Sroufe, R.P., Integrated Management: How Sustainability Creates Value for Any Business, () Publisher: Emerald Press; 2018.
Sroufe, R.P., and Melnyk, S.A., Developing Sustainable Supply Chains: Management Insights, Issues, and Tools: Volume I Foundations, 150 p. (); 2017. Volume II Implementation, 150 p. (); 2017. Publisher: Business Expert Press
Sroufe, R.P., and Melnyk, S.A., Developing Sustainable Supply Chains: Management Insights, Issues, and Tools, , 273 p., 2013. (e-book); (paperback) Publisher: Business Expert Press
Sroufe, R.P., and Sarkis J., Strategic Sustainability: The State of the Art in Corporate Environmental Management Systems, Book publisher: Greenleaf Publishing, foreword by ANSI-ASQ National Accreditation Board (ANAB), October, 2007.
Selected articles
Sroufe, R., Hart, S., and Lovins, H., "Transforming Business Education: 21st Century Sustainable MBA Programs." Journal of Management for Global Sustainability, Vol. 9. No 1, 15-41. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.13185/JM2021.09102
Sroufe, R., Gopalakrishna-Ramani, V. "Management, Social Sustainability, Reputation, and Financial Performance Relationships: An Empirical Examination of U.S. Firms", Organization & Environment, 00(0) 1-32. 2018.
Sroufe, R. "Integration and Organizational Change towards Sustainability." Journal of Cleaner Production, 162, 315-329. 2017.
Laszlo, C., Sroufe, R., and Waddock, S. "Torn Between Two Paradigms: A Struggle for the Soul of Business Schools" Feature Choice-Business, Schools and Communities as Agents of World Benefit: Flourishing in Challenging Times; AI Practitioner: International Journal of Appreciative Inquiry, Vol.19, No. 2, 108 – 119. 2017.
Sroufe, R., and Ramos D., "Leveraging Collaborative, Thematic Problem-based Learning to Integrate Curricula," Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, 13.2, 2015.
Sroufe, R., Sivasubramaniam, N., Ramos, D., and Saiia, D., "Aligning the PRME: How International Study Nurtures Responsible Leadership," Journal of Management Education, December, 2014.
Sroufe, R.P., "Life Cycle Assessment Within MBA Courses: A Tool For Integrating Sustainability" Operations Management Education Review, Vol. 7. 95-117, 2013.
Sroufe, R.P., Ramos, D., "Best Practices in Teaching Sustainability: Live Project Courses," Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, Vol. 9, No. 3, 49-369, 2011.
Sroufe, R.P., and Curkovic, S., "An Examination of ISO 9000:2000 and Supply Chain Quality Assurance," Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 26, 503-520, 2008.
Sroufe, R.P., Montabon, F.L., Narasimhan, R., and Wang, X., "Environmental Management Practices: a Framework," Greener Management International: the Journal of Corporate Environmental Strategy and Practice, Vol. 40, 2003.
Sroufe, R.P, "Effects of Environmental Management Systems on Environmental Management Practices and Operations," Production and Operations Management, Volume12, Issue 3,416-432, 2003.
Melnyk, S.A., Sroufe, R.P., and Calantone, R., "Assessing the Impact of Environmental Management Systems on Corporate and Environmental Performance," Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 21, Issue 3, 329-351, 2003.
Handfield, R., Walton, S.V., Sroufe, R.P., and Melnyk, S.A., "Applying Environmental Criteria to Supplier Assessment: A Study of the Application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process," European Journal of Operational Research, Volume 141, Issue 1, 70-87, 2002.
Melnyk, S.A., Sroufe, R.P., Calantone, R., and Montabon, F.L., "Assessing the Effectiveness of U.S. Voluntary Environmental Programs: An Empirical Study," International Journal of Production Research, Volume 40, No 8, May, 2002.
Melnyk, S.A., Sroufe, R.P., and Montabon, F.L., "How Does Management View Environmentally Responsible Manufacturing? An Empirical Study," Production and Inventory Management Journal, Vol. 42, No. 3 & 4, Third/Fourth Quarter, 2001.
Sroufe, R.P., Curkovic, S., Montabon, F.L., and Melnyk, S.A., "The New Product Design Process and Design for the Environment: "Crossing the Chasm," International Journal of Operations and Production Management, Vol. 20, No. 2, 267-291, 2000.
Montabon, F.L., Melnyk, S.A., Sroufe, R.P., and Calantone, R., "ISO 14000: Assessing Its Perceived Impact on Corporate Purchasing Performance," Journal of Supply Chain Management, Vol. 36, No. 2, 4-16, 1999.
References
External links
Duquesne University bio
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Duquesne University faculty
Michigan State University alumni
Boston College faculty |
The Vallemaggia District is a district of the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. It has a population of (as of ). The capital of the district is Cevio.
Geography
The Vallemaggia District has an area, , of . Of this area, or 1.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 42.2% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 1.2% is settled (buildings or roads), or 2.7% is either rivers or lakes and or 42.9% is unproductive land.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 0.4% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.4%. Out of the forested land, 31.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 4.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 1.1% is used for growing crops. Of the water in the district, 0.7% is in lakes and 2.0% is in rivers and streams. Of the unproductive areas, 18.9% is unproductive vegetation and 24.0% is too rocky for vegetation.
Demographics
Of the Swiss national languages (), 477 speak German, 88 people speak French, 4,814 people speak Italian, and 12 people speak Romansh. The remainder (202 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 49.2% male and 50.8% female. The population was made up of 2,532 Swiss men (43.1% of the population), and 356 (6.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 2,731 Swiss women (46.5%), and 252 (4.3%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 38 live births to Swiss citizens and 2 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 57 deaths of Swiss citizens and 5 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 19 while the foreign population decreased by 3. There were 3 Swiss men and 20 Swiss women who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there were 25 non-Swiss men and 10 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 9 and the non-Swiss population change was a decrease of 2 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.1%.
The age distribution, , in the Vallemaggia District is: 518 children or 8.8% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 667 teenagers or 11.4% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 565 people or 9.6% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 656 people or 11.2% are between 30 and 39, 962 people or 16.4% are between 40 and 49, and 859 people or 14.6% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 729 people or 12.4% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 493 people or 8.4% are between 70 and 79, there are 422 people or 7.2% who are over 80.
there were 7,245 single family homes (or 80.1% of the total) out of a total of 9,049 inhabited buildings. There were 972 two family buildings (10.7%) and 533 multi-family buildings (5.9%). There were also 299 buildings in the district that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
there were 4,844 apartments in the district. The most common apartment size was the 4 room apartment of which there were 1,334. There were 400 single room apartments and 1,203 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 2,195 apartments (45.3% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2,620 apartments (54.1%) were seasonally occupied and 29 apartments (0.6%) were empty.
The historical population is given in the following table:
Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the FDP which received 29.82% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (28.74%), the SP (17.31%) and the Ticino League (12.2%). In the federal election, a total of 1,907 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 45.8%.
In the Ticino Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 4,190 registered voters in the Vallemaggia District, of which 2,778 or 66.3% voted. 28 blank ballots were cast, leaving 2,750 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD+GenGiova which received 693 or 25.2% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the SSI (with 564 or 20.5%), the PLRT (with 511 or 18.6%) and the PS (with 436 or 15.9%).
In the Ticino Consiglio di Stato election, 22 blank ballots and 9 null ballots were cast, leaving 2,747 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD which received 701 or 25.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the LEGA (with 518 or 18.9%), the PS (with 511 or 18.6%) and the PLRT (with 484 or 17.6%).
Religion
From the , 4,575 or 81.8% were Roman Catholic, while 319 or 5.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. There are 441 individuals (or about 7.88% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 258 individuals (or about 4.61% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In the Vallemaggia District there was a total of 1,005 students (). The Ticino education system provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten and in the Vallemaggia District there were 135 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the district, 302 students attended the standard primary schools and 7 students attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two-year middle school followed by a two-year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four-year program to prepare for higher education. There were 267 students in the two-year middle school and 2 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 86 students were in the four-year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 53 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 132 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There were 21 students in the professional program.
Cities
The District has 8 municipalities, namely Bosco Gurin, Campo, Cerentino, Cevio and Linescio in the Rovana Valley, and Maggia and Avegno Gordevio in the Valle Maggia, as well as Lavizzara in the Valle Lavizzara.
References
External links
Official list of municipalities, circles and districts of Ticino
Districts of Ticino |
Tom Langridge () was an association football manager of the 1940s.
In 1947, he was manager of the Australian national team in a game against South Africa. The match, which was the last in a series of five, took place in Sydney and ended in a 2–1 loss for the Australians.
Managerial statistics
References
Australia men's national soccer team managers
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Australian soccer managers |
```yaml
---
upload: false
users:
- email: "user@example.com"
upload: true
delete: true
token: 123456
``` |
A cosmological decade (CÐ) is a division of the lifetime of the cosmos. The divisions are logarithmic in size, with base 10. Each successive cosmological decade represents a ten-fold increase in the total age of the universe.
As expressed in log (seconds per Ðecade)
When CÐ is measured in log( seconds/Ð ), CÐ 1 begins at 10 seconds and lasts 90 seconds (until 100 seconds after Time Zero). CÐ 100, the 100th cosmological decade, lasts from 10100 to 10101 seconds after Time Zero. CÐ is Time Zero.
The epoch CÐ −43.2683 was 10(−43.2683) seconds, which represents the Planck time since the Big Bang (Time Zero). There were an infinite number of cosmological decades between the Big Bang and the Planck epoch (or any other point in time). The current epoch, CÐ 17.6389, is 10(17.6389) seconds, or 13.799(21) billion years, since the Big Bang. There have been 60.9 cosmological decades between the Planck epoch, CÐ −43.2683, and the current epoch, CÐ 17.6389.
As expressed in log (years per Ðecade)
The cosmological decade can be expressed in log years per decade. In this definition, the 100th cosmological decade lasts from 10100 years to 10101 years after Time Zero. To convert to this format, simply divide by seconds per year; or in logarithmic terms, subtract 7.4991116 from the values listed above. Thus when CÐ is expressed in log( years/Ð ), the Planck time could also be expressed as 10(−43.2683 − 7.4991116) years = 10(−50.7674) years.
In this definition, the current epoch is CÐ (17.6355 − 7.4991116), or CÐ 10.1364. As before, there have been 60.9 cosmological decades between the Planck epoch and the current epoch.
In theories of physical cosmology, the history of the universe can be segmented into five eras:
References
Decade
Units of time |
Fundamenta Informaticae is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering computer science. The editor-in-chief is Damian Niwiński. It was established in 1977 by the Polish Mathematical Society as Series IV of the Annales Societatis Mathematicae Polonae, with its main focus on theoretical foundations of computer science. The journal is currently hosted on the Episciences.org platform of the Center for direct scientific communication, and published by IOS Press under the auspices of the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science.
Further reading
Janusz Kowalski, 2004. The Polish Mathematical Society (PTM). European Mathematical Society Newsletter 54:24-29.
External links
Computer science journals
Theoretical computer science
IOS Press academic journals
Academic journals established in 1977
English-language journals
5 times per year journals |
Warren Barrett (born 7 September 1970) is a Jamaican retired football goalkeeper and currently goalkeeping coach. Nicknamed 'Boopie', he played mostly for Violet Kickers F.C., but also played one season for Wadadah F.C. in the 2000/2001 season.
Early life and education
Barrett was born on 7 September 1970, to parents St. Hilman Barrett and Elaine Barrett. He grew up in the rural district of Chatham, St. James. Barrett attended Cornwall College, Jamaica where he played for the 1987 daCosta Cup team. He later became a member of the Violet Kickers F.C. team.
International career
Barrett made his debut for the Jamaica national football team in 1990 against Barbados. He captained his nation at the 1998 FIFA World Cup. According to the Jamaica Football Federation, Barrett earned 127 caps for his country, but this figure has not been officially acknowledged by FIFA because the JFF includes all matches, even against club sides, youth or olympic teams. He played his final FIFA international in 2000 against Honduras in the 2000 CONCACAF Gold Cup; he came on as a substitute for midfielder Winston Griffiths as Aaron Lawrence was sent off. He is married with three children, Ashley, Warren Jr. and Moya.
Warren Barrett played a big role in 1998 Qualification,'Road To France' without conceding a goal on home soil.
Coaching
Barrett was selected as a national goalkeeping coach for Jamaica in 2008. On 26 July 2010, Barrett was suspended from all coaching duties by the JFF for an altercation with a match official at Jarrett Park. He was the goalkeeping coach of the Jamaican squad that finished as runners-up in the 2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup.
See also
List of men's footballers with 100 or more international caps
Association football in Jamaica
References
1970 births
1993 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
1998 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
1998 FIFA World Cup players
2000 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
Men's association football goalkeepers
Jamaica men's international footballers
Jamaican men's footballers
Living people
Wadadah F.C. players
FIFA Men's Century Club
Association football goalkeeping coaches
Cornwall College, Jamaica alumni
Sportspeople from Montego Bay |
```php
<?php
/**
* Backpack\CRUD preferences.
*/
return [
/*
|-------------------
| TRANSLATABLE CRUDS
|-------------------
*/
'show_translatable_field_icon' => true,
'translatable_field_icon_position' => 'right', // left or right
'locales' => [
// "af_NA" => "Afrikaans (Namibia)",
// "af_ZA" => "Afrikaans (South Africa)",
// "af" => "Afrikaans",
// "ak_GH" => "Akan (Ghana)",
// "ak" => "Akan",
// "sq_AL" => "Albanian (Albania)",
// "sq" => "Albanian",
// "am_ET" => "Amharic (Ethiopia)",
// "am" => "Amharic",
// "ar_DZ" => "Arabic (Algeria)",
// "ar_BH" => "Arabic (Bahrain)",
// "ar_EG" => "Arabic (Egypt)",
// "ar_IQ" => "Arabic (Iraq)",
// "ar_JO" => "Arabic (Jordan)",
// "ar_KW" => "Arabic (Kuwait)",
// "ar_LB" => "Arabic (Lebanon)",
// "ar_LY" => "Arabic (Libya)",
// "ar_MA" => "Arabic (Morocco)",
// "ar_OM" => "Arabic (Oman)",
// "ar_QA" => "Arabic (Qatar)",
// "ar_SA" => "Arabic (Saudi Arabia)",
// "ar_SD" => "Arabic (Sudan)",
// "ar_SY" => "Arabic (Syria)",
// "ar_TN" => "Arabic (Tunisia)",
// "ar_AE" => "Arabic (United Arab Emirates)",
// "ar_YE" => "Arabic (Yemen)",
// "ar" => "Arabic",
// "hy_AM" => "Armenian (Armenia)",
// "hy" => "Armenian",
// "as_IN" => "Assamese (India)",
// "as" => "Assamese",
// "asa_TZ" => "Asu (Tanzania)",
// "asa" => "Asu",
// "az_Cyrl" => "Azerbaijani (Cyrillic)",
// "az_Cyrl_AZ" => "Azerbaijani (Cyrillic, Azerbaijan)",
// "az_Latn" => "Azerbaijani (Latin)",
// "az_Latn_AZ" => "Azerbaijani (Latin, Azerbaijan)",
// "az" => "Azerbaijani",
// "bm_ML" => "Bambara (Mali)",
// "bm" => "Bambara",
// "eu_ES" => "Basque (Spain)",
// "eu" => "Basque",
// "be_BY" => "Belarusian (Belarus)",
// "be" => "Belarusian",
// "bem_ZM" => "Bemba (Zambia)",
// "bem" => "Bemba",
// "bez_TZ" => "Bena (Tanzania)",
// "bez" => "Bena",
// "bn_BD" => "Bengali (Bangladesh)",
// "bn_IN" => "Bengali (India)",
// "bn" => "Bengali",
// "bs_BA" => "Bosnian (Bosnia and Herzegovina)",
// "bs" => "Bosnian",
// "bg_BG" => "Bulgarian (Bulgaria)",
// "bg" => "Bulgarian",
// "my_MM" => "Burmese (Myanmar [Burma])",
// "my" => "Burmese",
// "ca_ES" => "Catalan (Spain)",
// "ca" => "Catalan",
// "tzm_Latn" => "Central Morocco Tamazight (Latin)",
// "tzm_Latn_MA" => "Central Morocco Tamazight (Latin, Morocco)",
// "tzm" => "Central Morocco Tamazight",
// "chr_US" => "Cherokee (United States)",
// "chr" => "Cherokee",
// "cgg_UG" => "Chiga (Uganda)",
// "cgg" => "Chiga",
// "zh_Hans" => "Chinese (Simplified Han)",
// "zh_Hans_CN" => "Chinese (Simplified Han, China)",
// "zh_Hans_HK" => "Chinese (Simplified Han, Hong Kong SAR China)",
// "zh_Hans_MO" => "Chinese (Simplified Han, Macau SAR China)",
// "zh_Hans_SG" => "Chinese (Simplified Han, Singapore)",
// "zh_Hant" => "Chinese (Traditional Han)",
// "zh_Hant_HK" => "Chinese (Traditional Han, Hong Kong SAR China)",
// "zh_Hant_MO" => "Chinese (Traditional Han, Macau SAR China)",
// "zh_Hant_TW" => "Chinese (Traditional Han, Taiwan)",
// "zh" => "Chinese",
// "kw_GB" => "Cornish (United Kingdom)",
// "kw" => "Cornish",
// "hr_HR" => "Croatian (Croatia)",
// "hr" => "Croatian",
// "cs_CZ" => "Czech (Czech Republic)",
// "cs" => "Czech",
// "da_DK" => "Danish (Denmark)",
// "da" => "Danish",
// "nl_BE" => "Dutch (Belgium)",
// "nl_NL" => "Dutch (Netherlands)",
// "nl" => "Dutch",
// "ebu_KE" => "Embu (Kenya)",
// "ebu" => "Embu",
// "en_AS" => "English (American Samoa)",
// "en_AU" => "English (Australia)",
// "en_BE" => "English (Belgium)",
// "en_BZ" => "English (Belize)",
// "en_BW" => "English (Botswana)",
// "en_CA" => "English (Canada)",
// "en_GU" => "English (Guam)",
// "en_HK" => "English (Hong Kong SAR China)",
// "en_IN" => "English (India)",
// "en_IE" => "English (Ireland)",
// "en_JM" => "English (Jamaica)",
// "en_MT" => "English (Malta)",
// "en_MH" => "English (Marshall Islands)",
// "en_MU" => "English (Mauritius)",
// "en_NA" => "English (Namibia)",
// "en_NZ" => "English (New Zealand)",
// "en_MP" => "English (Northern Mariana Islands)",
// "en_PK" => "English (Pakistan)",
// "en_PH" => "English (Philippines)",
// "en_SG" => "English (Singapore)",
// "en_ZA" => "English (South Africa)",
// "en_TT" => "English (Trinidad and Tobago)",
// "en_UM" => "English (U.S. Minor Outlying Islands)",
// "en_VI" => "English (U.S. Virgin Islands)",
// "en_GB" => "English (United Kingdom)",
// "en_US" => "English (United States)",
// "en_ZW" => "English (Zimbabwe)",
'en' => 'English',
// "eo" => "Esperanto",
// "et_EE" => "Estonian (Estonia)",
// "et" => "Estonian",
// "ee_GH" => "Ewe (Ghana)",
// "ee_TG" => "Ewe (Togo)",
// "ee" => "Ewe",
// "fo_FO" => "Faroese (Faroe Islands)",
// "fo" => "Faroese",
// "fil_PH" => "Filipino (Philippines)",
// "fil" => "Filipino",
// "fi_FI" => "Finnish (Finland)",
// "fi" => "Finnish",
// "fr_BE" => "French (Belgium)",
// "fr_BJ" => "French (Benin)",
// "fr_BF" => "French (Burkina Faso)",
// "fr_BI" => "French (Burundi)",
// "fr_CM" => "French (Cameroon)",
// "fr_CA" => "French (Canada)",
// "fr_CF" => "French (Central African Republic)",
// "fr_TD" => "French (Chad)",
// "fr_KM" => "French (Comoros)",
// "fr_CG" => "French (Congo - Brazzaville)",
// "fr_CD" => "French (Congo - Kinshasa)",
// "fr_CI" => "French (Cte dIvoire)",
// "fr_DJ" => "French (Djibouti)",
// "fr_GQ" => "French (Equatorial Guinea)",
// "fr_FR" => "French (France)",
// "fr_GA" => "French (Gabon)",
// "fr_GP" => "French (Guadeloupe)",
// "fr_GN" => "French (Guinea)",
// "fr_LU" => "French (Luxembourg)",
// "fr_MG" => "French (Madagascar)",
// "fr_ML" => "French (Mali)",
// "fr_MQ" => "French (Martinique)",
// "fr_MC" => "French (Monaco)",
// "fr_NE" => "French (Niger)",
// "fr_RW" => "French (Rwanda)",
// "fr_RE" => "French (Runion)",
// "fr_BL" => "French (Saint Barthlemy)",
// "fr_MF" => "French (Saint Martin)",
// "fr_SN" => "French (Senegal)",
// "fr_CH" => "French (Switzerland)",
// "fr_TG" => "French (Togo)",
'fr' => 'French',
// "ff_SN" => "Fulah (Senegal)",
// "ff" => "Fulah",
// "gl_ES" => "Galician (Spain)",
// "gl" => "Galician",
// "lg_UG" => "Ganda (Uganda)",
// "lg" => "Ganda",
// "ka_GE" => "Georgian (Georgia)",
// "ka" => "Georgian",
// "de_AT" => "German (Austria)",
// "de_BE" => "German (Belgium)",
// "de_DE" => "German (Germany)",
// "de_LI" => "German (Liechtenstein)",
// "de_LU" => "German (Luxembourg)",
// "de_CH" => "German (Switzerland)",
// "de" => "German",
// "el_CY" => "Greek (Cyprus)",
// "el_GR" => "Greek (Greece)",
// "el" => "Greek",
// "gu_IN" => "Gujarati (India)",
// "gu" => "Gujarati",
// "guz_KE" => "Gusii (Kenya)",
// "guz" => "Gusii",
// "ha_Latn" => "Hausa (Latin)",
// "ha_Latn_GH" => "Hausa (Latin, Ghana)",
// "ha_Latn_NE" => "Hausa (Latin, Niger)",
// "ha_Latn_NG" => "Hausa (Latin, Nigeria)",
// "ha" => "Hausa",
// "haw_US" => "Hawaiian (United States)",
// "haw" => "Hawaiian",
// "he_IL" => "Hebrew (Israel)",
// "he" => "Hebrew",
// "hi_IN" => "Hindi (India)",
// "hi" => "Hindi",
// "hu_HU" => "Hungarian (Hungary)",
// "hu" => "Hungarian",
// "is_IS" => "Icelandic (Iceland)",
// "is" => "Icelandic",
// "ig_NG" => "Igbo (Nigeria)",
// "ig" => "Igbo",
// "id_ID" => "Indonesian (Indonesia)",
// "id" => "Indonesian",
// "ga_IE" => "Irish (Ireland)",
// "ga" => "Irish",
// "it_IT" => "Italian (Italy)",
// "it_CH" => "Italian (Switzerland)",
'it' => 'Italian',
// "ja_JP" => "Japanese (Japan)",
// "ja" => "Japanese",
// "kea_CV" => "Kabuverdianu (Cape Verde)",
// "kea" => "Kabuverdianu",
// "kab_DZ" => "Kabyle (Algeria)",
// "kab" => "Kabyle",
// "kl_GL" => "Kalaallisut (Greenland)",
// "kl" => "Kalaallisut",
// "kln_KE" => "Kalenjin (Kenya)",
// "kln" => "Kalenjin",
// "kam_KE" => "Kamba (Kenya)",
// "kam" => "Kamba",
// "kn_IN" => "Kannada (India)",
// "kn" => "Kannada",
// "kk_Cyrl" => "Kazakh (Cyrillic)",
// "kk_Cyrl_KZ" => "Kazakh (Cyrillic, Kazakhstan)",
// "kk" => "Kazakh",
// "km_KH" => "Khmer (Cambodia)",
// "km" => "Khmer",
// "ki_KE" => "Kikuyu (Kenya)",
// "ki" => "Kikuyu",
// "rw_RW" => "Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)",
// "rw" => "Kinyarwanda",
// "kok_IN" => "Konkani (India)",
// "kok" => "Konkani",
// "ko_KR" => "Korean (South Korea)",
// "ko" => "Korean",
// "khq_ML" => "Koyra Chiini (Mali)",
// "khq" => "Koyra Chiini",
// "ses_ML" => "Koyraboro Senni (Mali)",
// "ses" => "Koyraboro Senni",
// "lag_TZ" => "Langi (Tanzania)",
// "lag" => "Langi",
// "lv_LV" => "Latvian (Latvia)",
// "lv" => "Latvian",
// "lt_LT" => "Lithuanian (Lithuania)",
// "lt" => "Lithuanian",
// "luo_KE" => "Luo (Kenya)",
// "luo" => "Luo",
// "luy_KE" => "Luyia (Kenya)",
// "luy" => "Luyia",
// "mk_MK" => "Macedonian (Macedonia)",
// "mk" => "Macedonian",
// "jmc_TZ" => "Machame (Tanzania)",
// "jmc" => "Machame",
// "kde_TZ" => "Makonde (Tanzania)",
// "kde" => "Makonde",
// "mg_MG" => "Malagasy (Madagascar)",
// "mg" => "Malagasy",
// "ms_BN" => "Malay (Brunei)",
// "ms_MY" => "Malay (Malaysia)",
// "ms" => "Malay",
// "ml_IN" => "Malayalam (India)",
// "ml" => "Malayalam",
// "mt_MT" => "Maltese (Malta)",
// "mt" => "Maltese",
// "gv_GB" => "Manx (United Kingdom)",
// "gv" => "Manx",
// "mr_IN" => "Marathi (India)",
// "mr" => "Marathi",
// "mas_KE" => "Masai (Kenya)",
// "mas_TZ" => "Masai (Tanzania)",
// "mas" => "Masai",
// "mer_KE" => "Meru (Kenya)",
// "mer" => "Meru",
// "mfe_MU" => "Morisyen (Mauritius)",
// "mfe" => "Morisyen",
// "naq_NA" => "Nama (Namibia)",
// "naq" => "Nama",
// "ne_IN" => "Nepali (India)",
// "ne_NP" => "Nepali (Nepal)",
// "ne" => "Nepali",
// "nd_ZW" => "North Ndebele (Zimbabwe)",
// "nd" => "North Ndebele",
// "nb_NO" => "Norwegian Bokml (Norway)",
// "nb" => "Norwegian Bokml",
// "nn_NO" => "Norwegian Nynorsk (Norway)",
// "nn" => "Norwegian Nynorsk",
// "nyn_UG" => "Nyankole (Uganda)",
// "nyn" => "Nyankole",
// "or_IN" => "Oriya (India)",
// "or" => "Oriya",
// "om_ET" => "Oromo (Ethiopia)",
// "om_KE" => "Oromo (Kenya)",
// "om" => "Oromo",
// "ps_AF" => "Pashto (Afghanistan)",
// "ps" => "Pashto",
// "fa_AF" => "Persian (Afghanistan)",
// "fa_IR" => "Persian (Iran)",
// "fa" => "Persian",
// "pl_PL" => "Polish (Poland)",
// "pl" => "Polish",
// "pt_BR" => "Portuguese (Brazil)",
// "pt_GW" => "Portuguese (Guinea-Bissau)",
// "pt_MZ" => "Portuguese (Mozambique)",
// "pt_PT" => "Portuguese (Portugal)",
// "pt" => "Portuguese",
// "pa_Arab" => "Punjabi (Arabic)",
// "pa_Arab_PK" => "Punjabi (Arabic, Pakistan)",
// "pa_Guru" => "Punjabi (Gurmukhi)",
// "pa_Guru_IN" => "Punjabi (Gurmukhi, India)",
// "pa" => "Punjabi",
// "ro_MD" => "Romanian (Moldova)",
// "ro_RO" => "Romanian (Romania)",
'ro' => 'Romanian',
// "rm_CH" => "Romansh (Switzerland)",
// "rm" => "Romansh",
// "rof_TZ" => "Rombo (Tanzania)",
// "rof" => "Rombo",
// "ru_MD" => "Russian (Moldova)",
// "ru_RU" => "Russian (Russia)",
// "ru_UA" => "Russian (Ukraine)",
// "ru" => "Russian",
// "rwk_TZ" => "Rwa (Tanzania)",
// "rwk" => "Rwa",
// "saq_KE" => "Samburu (Kenya)",
// "saq" => "Samburu",
// "sg_CF" => "Sango (Central African Republic)",
// "sg" => "Sango",
// "seh_MZ" => "Sena (Mozambique)",
// "seh" => "Sena",
// "sr_Cyrl" => "Serbian (Cyrillic)",
// "sr_Cyrl_BA" => "Serbian (Cyrillic, Bosnia and Herzegovina)",
// "sr_Cyrl_ME" => "Serbian (Cyrillic, Montenegro)",
// "sr_Cyrl_RS" => "Serbian (Cyrillic, Serbia)",
// "sr_Latn" => "Serbian (Latin)",
// "sr_Latn_BA" => "Serbian (Latin, Bosnia and Herzegovina)",
// "sr_Latn_ME" => "Serbian (Latin, Montenegro)",
// "sr_Latn_RS" => "Serbian (Latin, Serbia)",
// "sr" => "Serbian",
// "sn_ZW" => "Shona (Zimbabwe)",
// "sn" => "Shona",
// "ii_CN" => "Sichuan Yi (China)",
// "ii" => "Sichuan Yi",
// "si_LK" => "Sinhala (Sri Lanka)",
// "si" => "Sinhala",
// "sk_SK" => "Slovak (Slovakia)",
// "sk" => "Slovak",
// "sl_SI" => "Slovenian (Slovenia)",
// "sl" => "Slovenian",
// "xog_UG" => "Soga (Uganda)",
// "xog" => "Soga",
// "so_DJ" => "Somali (Djibouti)",
// "so_ET" => "Somali (Ethiopia)",
// "so_KE" => "Somali (Kenya)",
// "so_SO" => "Somali (Somalia)",
// "so" => "Somali",
// "es_AR" => "Spanish (Argentina)",
// "es_BO" => "Spanish (Bolivia)",
// "es_CL" => "Spanish (Chile)",
// "es_CO" => "Spanish (Colombia)",
// "es_CR" => "Spanish (Costa Rica)",
// "es_DO" => "Spanish (Dominican Republic)",
// "es_EC" => "Spanish (Ecuador)",
// "es_SV" => "Spanish (El Salvador)",
// "es_GQ" => "Spanish (Equatorial Guinea)",
// "es_GT" => "Spanish (Guatemala)",
// "es_HN" => "Spanish (Honduras)",
// "es_419" => "Spanish (Latin America)",
// "es_MX" => "Spanish (Mexico)",
// "es_NI" => "Spanish (Nicaragua)",
// "es_PA" => "Spanish (Panama)",
// "es_PY" => "Spanish (Paraguay)",
// "es_PE" => "Spanish (Peru)",
// "es_PR" => "Spanish (Puerto Rico)",
// "es_ES" => "Spanish (Spain)",
// "es_US" => "Spanish (United States)",
// "es_UY" => "Spanish (Uruguay)",
// "es_VE" => "Spanish (Venezuela)",
// "es" => "Spanish",
// "sw_KE" => "Swahili (Kenya)",
// "sw_TZ" => "Swahili (Tanzania)",
// "sw" => "Swahili",
// "sv_FI" => "Swedish (Finland)",
// "sv_SE" => "Swedish (Sweden)",
// "sv" => "Swedish",
// "gsw_CH" => "Swiss German (Switzerland)",
// "gsw" => "Swiss German",
// "shi_Latn" => "Tachelhit (Latin)",
// "shi_Latn_MA" => "Tachelhit (Latin, Morocco)",
// "shi_Tfng" => "Tachelhit (Tifinagh)",
// "shi_Tfng_MA" => "Tachelhit (Tifinagh, Morocco)",
// "shi" => "Tachelhit",
// "dav_KE" => "Taita (Kenya)",
// "dav" => "Taita",
// "ta_IN" => "Tamil (India)",
// "ta_LK" => "Tamil (Sri Lanka)",
// "ta" => "Tamil",
// "te_IN" => "Telugu (India)",
// "te" => "Telugu",
// "teo_KE" => "Teso (Kenya)",
// "teo_UG" => "Teso (Uganda)",
// "teo" => "Teso",
// "th_TH" => "Thai (Thailand)",
// "th" => "Thai",
// "bo_CN" => "Tibetan (China)",
// "bo_IN" => "Tibetan (India)",
// "bo" => "Tibetan",
// "ti_ER" => "Tigrinya (Eritrea)",
// "ti_ET" => "Tigrinya (Ethiopia)",
// "ti" => "Tigrinya",
// "to_TO" => "Tonga (Tonga)",
// "to" => "Tonga",
// "tr_TR" => "Turkish (Turkey)",
// "tr" => "Turkish",
// "uk_UA" => "Ukrainian (Ukraine)",
// "uk" => "Ukrainian",
// "ur_IN" => "Urdu (India)",
// "ur_PK" => "Urdu (Pakistan)",
// "ur" => "Urdu",
// "uz_Arab" => "Uzbek (Arabic)",
// "uz_Arab_AF" => "Uzbek (Arabic, Afghanistan)",
// "uz_Cyrl" => "Uzbek (Cyrillic)",
// "uz_Cyrl_UZ" => "Uzbek (Cyrillic, Uzbekistan)",
// "uz_Latn" => "Uzbek (Latin)",
// "uz_Latn_UZ" => "Uzbek (Latin, Uzbekistan)",
// "uz" => "Uzbek",
// "vi_VN" => "Vietnamese (Vietnam)",
// "vi" => "Vietnamese",
// "vun_TZ" => "Vunjo (Tanzania)",
// "vun" => "Vunjo",
// "cy_GB" => "Welsh (United Kingdom)",
// "cy" => "Welsh",
// "yo_NG" => "Yoruba (Nigeria)",
// "yo" => "Yoruba",
// "zu_ZA" => "Zulu (South Africa)",
// "zu" => "Zulu"
],
'view_namespaces' => [
'buttons' => [
'crud::buttons', // falls back to 'resources/views/vendor/backpack/crud/buttons'
],
'columns' => [
'crud::columns', // falls back to 'resources/views/vendor/backpack/crud/columns'
],
'fields' => [
'crud::fields', // falls back to 'resources/views/vendor/backpack/crud/fields'
],
'filters' => [
'crud::filters', // falls back to 'resources/views/vendor/backpack/crud/filters'
],
],
// the uploaders for the `withFiles` macro
'uploaders' => [
'withFiles' => [
'image' => \Backpack\CRUD\app\Library\Uploaders\SingleBase64Image::class,
'upload' => \Backpack\CRUD\app\Library\Uploaders\SingleFile::class,
'upload_multiple' => \Backpack\CRUD\app\Library\Uploaders\MultipleFiles::class,
],
],
'file_name_generator' => \Backpack\CRUD\app\Library\Uploaders\Support\FileNameGenerator::class,
];
``` |
```objective-c
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#ifndef BASE_WIN_SCOPED_HDC_H_
#define BASE_WIN_SCOPED_HDC_H_
#include <windows.h>
#include "base/basictypes.h"
#include "base/logging.h"
#include "base/win/scoped_handle.h"
namespace base {
namespace win {
// Like ScopedHandle but for HDC. Only use this on HDCs returned from
// GetDC.
class ScopedGetDC {
public:
explicit ScopedGetDC(HWND hwnd)
: hwnd_(hwnd)
, hdc_(GetDC(hwnd))
{
if (hwnd_) {
DCHECK(IsWindow(hwnd_));
DCHECK(hdc_);
} else {
// If GetDC(NULL) returns NULL, something really bad has happened, like
// GDI handle exhaustion. In this case Chrome is going to behave badly no
// matter what, so we may as well just force a crash now.
CHECK(hdc_);
}
}
~ScopedGetDC()
{
if (hdc_)
ReleaseDC(hwnd_, hdc_);
}
operator HDC() { return hdc_; }
private:
HWND hwnd_;
HDC hdc_;
DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ScopedGetDC);
};
// Like ScopedHandle but for HDC. Only use this on HDCs returned from
// CreateCompatibleDC, CreateDC and CreateIC.
class CreateDCTraits {
public:
typedef HDC Handle;
static bool CloseHandle(HDC handle)
{
return ::DeleteDC(handle) != FALSE;
}
static bool IsHandleValid(HDC handle)
{
return handle != NULL;
}
static HDC NullHandle()
{
return NULL;
}
private:
DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(CreateDCTraits);
};
typedef GenericScopedHandle<CreateDCTraits, DummyVerifierTraits> ScopedCreateDC;
} // namespace win
} // namespace base
#endif // BASE_WIN_SCOPED_HDC_H_
``` |
Audrey Teuki Teupuariki Tuioti Brown-Pereira (born 1975) is a Cook Islands diplomat, public servant, and poet, of Cook Islands, Maori and Samoan descent.
Biography
Brown-Pereira was born on Rarotonga in the Cook Islands and grew up in Papatoetoe, Auckland, New Zealand. She attended the University of Auckland and completed a Bachelor of Arts degree in political studies and sociology. From 1995 to 1997 she worked for the Cook Islands Consulate General in Auckland, then moved to Rarotonga to take up a position at the Cook Islands Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Immigration. In 2000, she returned to New Zealand as First Secretary to the Cook Islands High Commission in Wellington. In 2004 she moved to Apia, Samoa, and worked at the National University of Samoa as an Executive Administrator. She moved to the United States in 2010, returning the following year to Samoa where she worked in project management. In 2014 Brown-Pereira was appointed Executive Officer at the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme. In 2018 she was part of the Cook Islands delegation to the 2018 United Nations Climate Change Conference.
Brown-Pereira began writing poetry in 1994. Her work has been published in journals such as Trout, and she has written for art catalogues such as Akara ki Mua (2001) and Inei Konei (1998). She has performed her poetry at the New Zealand Fringe Festival and represented the Cook Islands at the spoken word festival Poetry Parnassus in London in 2012. Her poetry is studied by postgraduate students of Pacific poetry at the University of Auckland. She also appeared in two experimental films, The Cats Are Crying (1995) and The Rainbow (1998).
Selected poetry by Brown-Pereira was included in UPU, a curation of Pacific Island writers' work which was first presented at the Silo Theatre as part of the Auckland Arts Festival in March 2020. UPU was remounted as part of the Kia Mau Festival in Wellington in June 2021.
Works
Threads of Tivaevae: Kaleidoskope of Kolours, 2002 (with Veronica Vaevae and Catherine George)
"Local Tourist on a Bus Ride Home" and "Mixed Bag of Tropical Sweets. Sitting Outside the Hotel R & R." in
Personal life
Brown-Pereira is married with two daughters and lives in Samoa.
References
University of Auckland alumni
1975 births
Living people
People from Rarotonga
Cook Island diplomats
New Zealand women poets
Cook Island poets |
23S rRNA (uracil1939-C5)-methyltransferase (, RumA, RNA uridine methyltransferase A, YgcA) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:23S rRNA (uracil1939-C5)-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + uracil1939 in 23S rRNA S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methyluracil1939 in 23S rRNA
The enzyme specifically methylates uracil1939 at C5 in 23S rRNA.
References
External links
EC 2.1.1 |
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<div class="contents">
<a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h.html">Go to the documentation of this file.</a><div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00001"></a><span class="lineno"> 1</span> <span class="comment">/*</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00003"></a><span class="lineno"> 3</span> <span class="comment"> *</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00004"></a><span class="lineno"> 4</span> <span class="comment"> * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00007"></a><span class="lineno"> 7</span> <span class="comment"> * (at your option) any later version.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00008"></a><span class="lineno"> 8</span> <span class="comment"> *</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00009"></a><span class="lineno"> 9</span> <span class="comment"> * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00010"></a><span class="lineno"> 10</span> <span class="comment"> * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00011"></a><span class="lineno"> 11</span> <span class="comment"> * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00013"></a><span class="lineno"> 13</span> <span class="comment"> *</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00015"></a><span class="lineno"> 15</span> <span class="comment"> * along with this program. If not, see <path_to_url
<div class="line"><a name="l00016"></a><span class="lineno"> 16</span> <span class="comment"> *</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00017"></a><span class="lineno"> 17</span> <span class="comment"> * Author: huaxz1986@163.com (huaxz)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00018"></a><span class="lineno"> 18</span> <span class="comment"> */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00019"></a><span class="lineno"> 19</span> <span class="preprocessor">#ifndef FRONTFLOWVERTEX_TEST</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00020"></a><span class="lineno"> 20</span> <span class="preprocessor">#define FRONTFLOWVERTEX_TEST</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00021"></a><span class="lineno"> 21</span> <span class="preprocessor">#include"src/google_test/gtest.h"</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00022"></a><span class="lineno"> 22</span> <span class="preprocessor">#include"<a class="code" href="front__flow__vertex_8h.html">front_flow_vertex.h</a>"</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00023"></a><span class="lineno"> 23</span> <span class="keyword">using</span> <a class="code" href=your_sha256_hashlow_vertex.html">IntroductionToAlgorithm::GraphAlgorithm::FrontFlowVertex</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00024"></a><span class="lineno"> 24</span> <span class="keyword">using</span> <a class="code" href="struct_introduction_to_algorithm_1_1_graph_algorithm_1_1_list.html">IntroductionToAlgorithm::GraphAlgorithm::List</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00025"></a><span class="lineno"> 25</span> <span class="keyword">using</span> <a class="code" href=your_sha256_hashde.html">IntroductionToAlgorithm::GraphAlgorithm::ListNode</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00026"></a><span class="lineno"> 26</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00027"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="namespaceanonymous__namespace_02front__flow__vertex__test_8h_03.html"> 27</a></span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span>{</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00028"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="namespaceanonymous__namespace_02front__flow__vertex__test_8h_03.html#a376671144fcb4496d4ad27b14998ed8a"> 28</a></span>  <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> <a class="code" href="namespaceanonymous__namespace_02front__flow__vertex__test_8h_03.html#a376671144fcb4496d4ad27b14998ed8a">FFV_NUM</a>=5;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00029"></a><span class="lineno"> 29</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00030"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html"> 30</a></span> <span class="keyword">class </span><a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html">FrontFlowVertexTest</a>:<span class="keyword">public</span> ::testing::Test</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00031"></a><span class="lineno"> 31</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00032"></a><span class="lineno"> 32</span> <span class="keyword">public</span>:</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00033"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a0eefc91d4672952fe46aafe55b41d195"> 33</a></span> <span class="keyword">typedef</span> <a class="code" href=your_sha256_hashlow_vertex.html">FrontFlowVertex<int></a> <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a0eefc91d4672952fe46aafe55b41d195">VertexType</a>; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00034"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a80f3e381f6911872f7a4359ceff966bf"> 34</a></span> <span class="keyword">typedef</span> <a class="code" href=your_sha256_hashde.html">ListNode<VertexType></a> <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a80f3e381f6911872f7a4359ceff966bf">NodeType</a>; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00035"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#ac30f272d98796ffce519f894f111fcaa"> 35</a></span> <span class="keyword">typedef</span> <a class="code" href="struct_introduction_to_algorithm_1_1_graph_algorithm_1_1_list.html">List<NodeType></a> <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#ac30f272d98796ffce519f894f111fcaa">ListType</a>; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00037"></a><span class="lineno"> 37</span> <span class="keyword">protected</span>:</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00038"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a8dfe07d5a92c681dcaa64ecc7dab5e2f"> 38</a></span>  <span class="keywordtype">void</span> <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a8dfe07d5a92c681dcaa64ecc7dab5e2f">SetUp</a>()</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00039"></a><span class="lineno"> 39</span>  {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00040"></a><span class="lineno"> 40</span>  <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a457ca07d1faf2d24e8bf7ab0116e822f">_default_vertex</a>=std::make_shared<VertexType>();</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00041"></a><span class="lineno"> 41</span>  <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a5f8a63b2d218d2e733e27ca598e9b864">_normal_vertex</a>=std::make_shared<VertexType>(21,1);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00042"></a><span class="lineno"> 42</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00043"></a><span class="lineno"> 43</span>  <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a646ef544a16221c204d71d777c76b17b">_list</a>=std::make_shared<ListType>();</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00044"></a><span class="lineno"> 44</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00045"></a><span class="lineno"> 45</span>  <span class="keywordflow">for</span>(<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i=0;i<<a class="code" href="namespaceanonymous__namespace_02front__flow__vertex__test_8h_03.html#a376671144fcb4496d4ad27b14998ed8a">FFV_NUM</a>;i++)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00046"></a><span class="lineno"> 46</span>  <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a87ecf1ffdaa2b7c78ba360b2deb4cfd1">_nodes</a>[i]=std::make_shared<NodeType>();</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00047"></a><span class="lineno"> 47</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00048"></a><span class="lineno"> 48</span>  }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00049"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a653d242a450fdfd6eed74c6540154681"> 49</a></span>  <span class="keywordtype">void</span> <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a653d242a450fdfd6eed74c6540154681">TearDown</a>(){}</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00050"></a><span class="lineno"> 50</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00051"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a457ca07d1faf2d24e8bf7ab0116e822f"> 51</a></span>  std::shared_ptr<VertexType> <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a457ca07d1faf2d24e8bf7ab0116e822f">_default_vertex</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00052"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a5f8a63b2d218d2e733e27ca598e9b864"> 52</a></span>  std::shared_ptr<VertexType> <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a5f8a63b2d218d2e733e27ca598e9b864">_normal_vertex</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00054"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a646ef544a16221c204d71d777c76b17b"> 54</a></span>  std::shared_ptr<ListType> <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a646ef544a16221c204d71d777c76b17b">_list</a>;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00055"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a87ecf1ffdaa2b7c78ba360b2deb4cfd1"> 55</a></span>  std::shared_ptr<NodeType> <a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a87ecf1ffdaa2b7c78ba360b2deb4cfd1">_nodes</a>[<a class="code" href="namespaceanonymous__namespace_02front__flow__vertex__test_8h_03.html#a376671144fcb4496d4ad27b14998ed8a">FFV_NUM</a>];</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00056"></a><span class="lineno"> 56</span> };</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00057"></a><span class="lineno"> 57</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00059"></a><span class="lineno"> 59</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00063"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h.html#a60894ac86e13516ec5842ac98fbd9433"> 63</a></span> <a class="code" href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h.html#a60894ac86e13516ec5842ac98fbd9433">TEST_F</a>(<a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html">FrontFlowVertexTest</a>,test_FrontFlowVertex_member)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00064"></a><span class="lineno"> 64</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00065"></a><span class="lineno"> 65</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_default_vertex->id,-1);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00066"></a><span class="lineno"> 66</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_default_vertex->key,0);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00067"></a><span class="lineno"> 67</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_default_vertex->h,0);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00068"></a><span class="lineno"> 68</span>  EXPECT_FALSE(_default_vertex->N_List.head);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00069"></a><span class="lineno"> 69</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_default_vertex->to_string(),<span class="stringliteral">"vertex id:-1\t key:0\t h:0\t N_List:list:\n\ncurrent:\tnullptr"</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00070"></a><span class="lineno"> 70</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00071"></a><span class="lineno"> 71</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_normal_vertex->id,1);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00072"></a><span class="lineno"> 72</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_normal_vertex->key,21);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00073"></a><span class="lineno"> 73</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_normal_vertex->h,0);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00074"></a><span class="lineno"> 74</span>  EXPECT_FALSE(_normal_vertex->N_List.head);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00075"></a><span class="lineno"> 75</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_normal_vertex->to_string(),<span class="stringliteral">"vertex id:1\t key:21\t h:0\t N_List:list:\n\ncurrent:\tnullptr"</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00076"></a><span class="lineno"> 76</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00078"></a><span class="lineno"> 78</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00082"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h.html#a4ff706ae4943bf1b9ccad81ae05e059c"> 82</a></span> <a class="code" href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h.html#a60894ac86e13516ec5842ac98fbd9433">TEST_F</a>(<a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html">FrontFlowVertexTest</a>,test_node)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00083"></a><span class="lineno"> 83</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00084"></a><span class="lineno"> 84</span>  EXPECT_FALSE(_nodes[0]->next);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00085"></a><span class="lineno"> 85</span>  EXPECT_FALSE(_nodes[0]->value.lock());</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00086"></a><span class="lineno"> 86</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_nodes[0]->to_string(),<span class="stringliteral">"list_node:nullptr"</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00087"></a><span class="lineno"> 87</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00088"></a><span class="lineno"> 88</span>  _nodes[0]->value=_default_vertex;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00089"></a><span class="lineno"> 89</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_nodes[0]->to_string(),<span class="stringliteral">"list_node:vertex id:-1\t key:0\t h:0\t N_List:list:\n\ncurrent:\tnullptr"</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00090"></a><span class="lineno"> 90</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00092"></a><span class="lineno"> 92</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00096"></a><span class="lineno"><a class="line" href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h.html#a39b90643d2be1b35699299eea2764922"> 96</a></span> <a class="code" href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h.html#a60894ac86e13516ec5842ac98fbd9433">TEST_F</a>(<a class="code" href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html">FrontFlowVertexTest</a>,test_list)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00097"></a><span class="lineno"> 97</span> {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00098"></a><span class="lineno"> 98</span>  EXPECT_FALSE(_list->head);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00099"></a><span class="lineno"> 99</span>  EXPECT_FALSE(_list->current);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00100"></a><span class="lineno"> 100</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_list->to_string(),<span class="stringliteral">"list:\n\ncurrent:\tnullptr"</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00101"></a><span class="lineno"> 101</span>  <span class="keywordflow">for</span>(<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i=0;i<<a class="code" href="namespaceanonymous__namespace_02front__flow__vertex__test_8h_03.html#a376671144fcb4496d4ad27b14998ed8a">FFV_NUM</a>-1;i++)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00102"></a><span class="lineno"> 102</span>  {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00103"></a><span class="lineno"> 103</span>  _list->add(_nodes[i]);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00104"></a><span class="lineno"> 104</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_list->head,_nodes[i]);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00105"></a><span class="lineno"> 105</span>  }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00106"></a><span class="lineno"> 106</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_list->to_string(),<span class="stringliteral">"list:\nlist_node:nullptr;\tlist_node:nullptr;\tlist_node:nullptr;\tlist_node:nullptr;\t\ncurrent:\tnullptr"</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00107"></a><span class="lineno"> 107</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00108"></a><span class="lineno"> 108</span>  EXPECT_THROW(_list->front_of(_nodes[FFV_NUM-1]),std::invalid_argument);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00109"></a><span class="lineno"> 109</span>  EXPECT_FALSE(_list->front_of(_list->head));</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00110"></a><span class="lineno"> 110</span>  <span class="keywordflow">for</span>(<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i=FFV_NUM-3;i>=0;i--)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00111"></a><span class="lineno"> 111</span>  EXPECT_EQ(_list->front_of(_nodes[i]),_nodes[i+1]);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00112"></a><span class="lineno"> 112</span> }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00113"></a><span class="lineno"> 113</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00114"></a><span class="lineno"> 114</span> </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00115"></a><span class="lineno"> 115</span> <span class="preprocessor">#endif // FRONTFLOWVERTEX_TEST</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00116"></a><span class="lineno"> 116</span> </div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hashhtml_a376671144fcb4496d4ad27b14998ed8a"><div class="ttname"><a href="namespaceanonymous__namespace_02front__flow__vertex__test_8h_03.html#a376671144fcb4496d4ad27b14998ed8a">anonymous_namespace{front_flow_vertex_test.h}::FFV_NUM</a></div><div class="ttdeci">const int FFV_NUM</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00028">front_flow_vertex_test.h:28</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hashlow_vertex_html"><div class="ttname"><a href=your_sha256_hashlow_vertex.html">IntroductionToAlgorithm::GraphAlgorithm::FrontFlowVertex</a></div><div class="ttdoc">FrontFlowVertexrelabel_to_front2626.4 </div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex_8h_source.html#l00175">front_flow_vertex.h:175</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hash864"><div class="ttname"><a href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a5f8a63b2d218d2e733e27ca598e9b864">FrontFlowVertexTest::_normal_vertex</a></div><div class="ttdeci">std::shared_ptr< VertexType > _normal_vertex</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00052">front_flow_vertex_test.h:52</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hash22f"><div class="ttname"><a href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a457ca07d1faf2d24e8bf7ab0116e822f">FrontFlowVertexTest::_default_vertex</a></div><div class="ttdeci">std::shared_ptr< VertexType > _default_vertex</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00051">front_flow_vertex_test.h:51</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hashml"><div class="ttname"><a href="struct_introduction_to_algorithm_1_1_graph_algorithm_1_1_list.html">IntroductionToAlgorithm::GraphAlgorithm::List</a></div><div class="ttdoc">List </div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex_8h_source.html#l00037">front_flow_vertex.h:37</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hashfd1"><div class="ttname"><a href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a87ecf1ffdaa2b7c78ba360b2deb4cfd1">FrontFlowVertexTest::_nodes</a></div><div class="ttdeci">std::shared_ptr< NodeType > _nodes[FFV_NUM]</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00055">front_flow_vertex_test.h:55</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="front__flow__vertex_8h_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="front__flow__vertex_8h.html">front_flow_vertex.h</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hash195"><div class="ttname"><a href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a0eefc91d4672952fe46aafe55b41d195">FrontFlowVertexTest::VertexType</a></div><div class="ttdeci">FrontFlowVertex< int > VertexType</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00033">front_flow_vertex_test.h:33</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hash17b"><div class="ttname"><a href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a646ef544a16221c204d71d777c76b17b">FrontFlowVertexTest::_list</a></div><div class="ttdeci">std::shared_ptr< ListType > _list</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00054">front_flow_vertex_test.h:54</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hash6bf"><div class="ttname"><a href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a80f3e381f6911872f7a4359ceff966bf">FrontFlowVertexTest::NodeType</a></div><div class="ttdeci">ListNode< VertexType > NodeType</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00034">front_flow_vertex_test.h:34</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hash433"><div class="ttname"><a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h.html#a60894ac86e13516ec5842ac98fbd9433">TEST_F</a></div><div class="ttdeci">TEST_F(FrontFlowVertexTest, test_FrontFlowVertex_member)</div><div class="ttdoc">FrontFlowVertexTest FrontFlowVertex. </div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00063">front_flow_vertex_test.h:63</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hashe2f"><div class="ttname"><a href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a8dfe07d5a92c681dcaa64ecc7dab5e2f">FrontFlowVertexTest::SetUp</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void SetUp()</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00038">front_flow_vertex_test.h:38</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hashde_html"><div class="ttname"><a href=your_sha256_hashde.html">IntroductionToAlgorithm::GraphAlgorithm::ListNode</a></div><div class="ttdoc">ListNode </div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex_8h_source.html#l00133">front_flow_vertex.h:133</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hash681"><div class="ttname"><a href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#a653d242a450fdfd6eed74c6540154681">FrontFlowVertexTest::TearDown</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void TearDown()</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00049">front_flow_vertex_test.h:49</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id=your_sha256_hashcaa"><div class="ttname"><a href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html#ac30f272d98796ffce519f894f111fcaa">FrontFlowVertexTest::ListType</a></div><div class="ttdeci">List< NodeType > ListType</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00035">front_flow_vertex_test.h:35</a></div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="class_front_flow_vertex_test_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="class_front_flow_vertex_test.html">FrontFlowVertexTest</a></div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> <a href="front__flow__vertex__test_8h_source.html#l00030">front_flow_vertex_test.h:30</a></div></div>
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``` |
This is a list of women's college ice hockey coaches with 250 or more career wins. The all-time leader in wins is Bill Mandigo, head coach at Middlebury College since 1989, with a career record of 625-158-48. The career leader in winning percentage is Kevin Houle, head coach at Plattsburgh State from 2003 to the present, with a record of 449-54-26 (.873). Russ McCurdy, head coach at New Hampshire from 1978 to 1992, has the second highest winning percentage with a record of 264-36-10 (.868).
Key
Coaches with 250 career wins
Statistics correct as of the end of the 2022-2023 college women's ice hockey season.
See also
List of college men's ice hockey coaches with 400 wins
References
Coaches with 250 wins
Ice Hockey, Women
Ice hockey |
```ruby
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'rails_helper'
RSpec.describe TagsController do
render_views
describe 'GET #show' do
let(:format) { 'html' }
let(:tag) { Fabricate(:tag, name: 'test') }
let(:tag_name) { tag&.name }
before do
get :show, params: { id: tag_name, format: format }
end
context 'when tag exists' do
context 'when requested as HTML' do
it 'returns http success' do
expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
end
it_behaves_like 'cacheable response', expects_vary: 'Accept, Accept-Language, Cookie'
end
context 'when requested as JSON' do
let(:format) { 'json' }
it 'returns http success' do
expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
end
it_behaves_like 'cacheable response', expects_vary: 'Accept, Accept-Language, Cookie'
end
end
context 'when tag does not exist' do
let(:tag_name) { 'hoge' }
it 'returns http not found' do
expect(response).to have_http_status(404)
end
end
end
end
``` |
AFLX is a variation of Australian rules football designed in 2017 to be played on a soccer field (significantly smaller than the Australian rules oval). Unlike the full 18-a-side game (or the already-established variant for rectangular fields, nine-a-side footy including the AFL's own variant AFL 9s)—AFLX required less players (initially 7, but increased to 8) with some modified rules aimed at generating higher scores, including increased scoring points. It is most notable for its use in official Australian Football League (AFL) pre-season competitions in 2018 and 2019. Post COVID-19 Pandemic the AFL merged it with AFL 9s and retained only the X brand, co-branding AFL 9s as Junior X, Youth X and Senior X and aligning it with the more widely established 9-a-side format.
It was founded in an attempt to appeal to a wider audience outside of its origin country of Australia. The AFL billed AFLX as its answer to Twenty20 or Rugby Sevens.
The format of the AFL's AFLX events varied – the 2019 tournament consisted of four teams each captained by a high-profile AFL footballer. In August 2019, the AFL confirmed AFLX would not return in 2020. Despite being designed for play on a rectangular field, the AFL used two dedicated rectangular stadiums, Hindmarsh Stadium and Sydney Football Stadium, as a venue for its AFLX competitions (the other rectangular venue used for a spectated AFLX match was AAMI Park for the 2019 E. J. Whitten Legends Game). The record attendance for an AFLX match is 23,828, set in 2019 at Docklands Stadium in Melbourne.
Despite its lack of popularity with spectators and the AFL's short-lived experiment with it, the variation continues to be promoted by the AFL Commission as a participation sport in development regions and areas where full-sized cricket grounds are not available.
Rules
The rules of the game differed from Australian rules football in some significant ways. The game was played on a rectangular soccer-sized pitch, allowing matches to be hosted by stadiums that usually lacked the suitable field dimensions for Australian rules football. The format was modified in the second year, with AFLX 2019 seeing slightly changed rules:
Games consist of two 10-minute halves with a two-minute break at half-time
Played on a rectangular field with dimensions similar to that of a soccer field
Eight players on the field per team, with six players on the bench and no limit to rotations (up from the 10 players per side in 2018)
Last-touch out-of-bounds rule introduced (team that had last touch loses possession)
The field umpire will throw the ball up to begin play at the start of each half and after a supergoal is scored
10-point super goals are registered for goals kicked from outside the 40-metre arc
No marks paid for backwards kicks (except for kicks/marks inside the forward 40-metre arc)
Free shot from inside the 40-metre arc to the opposite team in the event of a rushed behind
Players can run 20 metres without taking a bounce or touching the ball on the ground.
History
AFLX was first trialled at Arden Street Oval in January 2017. In March 2017, it was trialed at was first trialled on a soccer pitch at Lakeside Stadium in a match between the Port Melbourne Football Club and Coburg Football Club. It was launched by AFL manager of football operations Simon Lethlean in July 2017 and later hailed by the AFL as key means of kickstarting Australian rules football in China as part of the AFL and Port Adelaide's push in to the country which was acknowledged to lacked the infrastructure to support the growth of the full 18-player game.
On 6 February 2018, the AFLX pre-season competition was launched by AFL Chief Executive Officer Gillon McLachlan at Docklands Stadium. McLachlan said that AFLX would help promote football internationally.
The 2018 competition attracted more than 40,000 fans to tournaments in Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney. In Melbourne, TV ratings were reported as "modest" by AFL standards, with the three events drawing an average five-city metro audience of over 120,000 on Channel Seven's secondary channels.
The AFL made several rule tweaks midway through the second season in attempt to make it higher scoring by inflating the scoring points for behinds from 1 to 2, goals from 6 to 12 and Super Goals from 10 to 20.
The 2019 E. J. Whitten Legends Game was also played under "EJX" (modified version of AFLX named after E J Whitten) at AAMI Park in Melbourne. It attracted just 6,000 spectators, the lowest in the series history, which, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, led to an indefinite hiatus of the Legends series.
In August 2019, the AFL confirmed AFLX would not return in 2020, to allow a greater focus on AFLW.
Post the COVID-19 pandemic, the AFL increased the number of players to 9, effectively merging AFLX with AFL 9s and aligning with the widely established 9-a-side format.
Reception
The reception to the game among fans and the media was mostly poor, with ABC Grandstand journalist Richard Hinds being particularly savage in labelling it a "hollow, unappealing, pressure-free, atmosphere-deficient, oval-in-a-rectangle hole yawn-fest".
Con Stavros of RMIT's school of Economics, Finance and Marketing, expressed doubts about the potential of AFLX to export Australian rules football but acknowledged that using rectangular playing fields instead of the standard cricket ones would make such expansion easier.
AFL Pre-season Tournaments
See also
Nine-a-side footy
AFL 9s
International rules football
References
External links
AFL official website
AFLX official website
Australian rules football competitions in Australia |
Sheikh Ali Hajjaj As-Suwaisy (1926-2001) (الشيخ على حسن السويسى) was a famous Quran reciter, known in Egypt and across the world. He gained fame by emulating the late Sheikh Muhammad Rifat.
Sheikh joined the radio in 1946-47 and entered the music institute to study oud and music theory for four years when he saw the encouragement and success of his reciting. Ali is admired for his use of maqam saba - his voice was considered especially suited to saba.
Ali visited the UK on several occasions, in particular attending the London Central Mosque during Ramadan.
See also
Qur'an reading
Sheikh Muhammad Rifat
Sheikh Mohamed Siddiq El-Minshawi
External links
Islamic Awareness
Egyptian Quran reciters
Egyptian Muslims
1926 births
2001 deaths
Egyptian Arab nationalists
Quran stubs
Quran reciting
Quran
Quran software |
Ann Rumsby (1803–1850) was a female convict involved in a scandal in 1820s New South Wales.
Biography
She was transported to Australia on the convict ship Mary Ann. She was assigned to a Dr Douglass. Samuel Marsden used this to discredit Dr Douglass, who was accused of seducing Ann. Ann denied it, was convicted of perjury, and sent to Port Macquarie. The case was reviewed and overruled and Ann was pardoned. It was a major defeat for Marsden.
As Marsden was anti-emancipist, it is said this contributed to the emergeny of democracy in New South Wales.
Popular culture
Rumsby's story was dramatised in an episode of the television series Behind the Legend.
References
1803 births
1850 deaths
19th-century English criminals
English female criminals
Women convicts transported to Australia
Women in Sydney |
Mullahera is an Indian village of around 700 homes, lying just at the periphery of Sector 22 Gurgaon near Delhi. Mullahera is one of the very few villages in Haryana to have a gender ratio that is above 1,188 women to 1,000 men. This village is dominated by Yaduvanshi (Yadav) community. Now the village comes under MCG. Mullahera's literacy rate is 80%. Current Nigam Parsad is Mr Ravinder Yadav. 98% of children go to school and 90% of children achieve 80% marks.
References
Villages in Gurgaon district |
Gravity is the début album of Alejandro Escovedo, released in 1992. Heinz Geissler and John Kunz were the executive producers.
Critical reception
Trouser Press wrote: "In the clarified artistic vision of a mature musician with a broken heart, a spiritual sense of his place in the world and a rich, resonant voice, Escovedo devised an electric folk idiom ... powerfully suited to the poetic hair shirt he donned."
Track listing
All tracks composed by Alejandro Escovedo
"Paradise" – 4:16
"Broken Bottle" – 3:53
"One More Time" – 3:46
"By Eleven" – 4:03
"Bury Me" – 5:24
"Five Hearts Breaking" – 4:10
"Oxford" – 4:25
"Last to Know" – 5:00
"She Doesn't Live Here Anymore" – 4:24
"Pyramid of Tears" – 4:00
"Gravity/Falling Down Again" – 7:18
Personnel
Alejandro Escovedo - vocal, acoustic guitar
Turner Stephen Bruton - slide guitar, electric slide guitar, electric guitar, acoustic guitar, mandolin, vocal harmony
Chris Knight - keyboards
Barry "Frosty" Smith - drums, percussion
Dennis Kenmore - drums
Rick Poss - electric twelve-string guitar
Terry Wilson - bass
John Hagen - cello
Marty Muse - pedal steel guitar
Thierry Le Coz - electric guitar
Bill Ginn - piano
Lou Ann Barton - vocal harmony
Bill Averbach - trumpet on "Bury Me"
J. D. Foster - vocal harmony
Cid Sanchez - lead guitar on "Oxford"
Spencer Starnes - double bass on "She Doesn't Live Here Anymore"
Bruce & Charlie Robison - vocal harmonies
Dennis Kenmore, Jay Hudson, T.S. Bruton, Chris Knight, "Big Wave" Dave McNair, J.D. Foster, Alejandro Escovedo - The Cappuccino Choir
Maya Escovedo, Megan Ewing - The Screaming Me Me's
Technical
Heinz Geissler, John T. Kunz - executive producer
Kathy Marcus - art direction, design
Dana Lee Smith - illustration
References
1992 debut albums
Alejandro Escovedo albums |
Witness Lee (; September 5, 1905 – June 9, 1997) was a Chinese Christian preacher and hymnist belonging to the Christian group known as the local churches (or Local Church) in Taiwan and the United States. He was also the founder of Living Stream Ministry. Lee was born in 1905 in the city of Yantai, Shandong, China, to a Southern Baptist family. He became a Christian in 1925 after hearing the preaching of an evangelist named Peace Wang and later joined the Christian work started by Watchman Nee. Like Nee, Lee emphasized what he considered the believers' subjective experience and enjoyment of Christ as life for the building up of the church, not as an organization, but as the Body of Christ.
Biography
Early years
Witness Lee was born in 1905 in Shandong Province in China. Lee's great-grandfather was a Southern Baptist who brought Lee's mother into Christianity. Lee's mother studied in an American Southern Baptist mission school and was baptized as a teenager at a Southern Baptist church. She sold her inheritance to provide her children with an education in Chinese and English. Lee's father was a farmer who died in 1923.
Lee was brought into contact with his mother's Baptist Church in Yantai where he studied at a Southern Baptist elementary school and later at a mission college operated by American Presbyterians. Although Lee attended Southern Baptist services and Sunday school in his youth, he was never converted nor baptized by them. After her conversion, Lee's second sister began to pray for him and introduced him to a Chinese pastor who encouraged him to attend his Sunday morning services. Inspired by the preaching of Peace Wang, Lee dedicated himself to serve God for the rest of his life in April 1925 at the age of 19.
Through Watchman Nee's teaching Lee began to believe that denominationalism was unscriptural. In 1927, when elected to the board of the Chinese Independent Church, he declined the position and left the denomination. Lee then began to meet with the Benjamin Newton branch of the Plymouth Brethren where he remained for seven and a half years and was baptized in the sea by a local Brethren leader, Mr. Burnett, in 1930.
Ministry with Watchman Nee
Soon after Lee's conversion to Christianity, he began to study various Christian teachers and discovered the writings of Watchman Nee in two periodicals, The Morning Star and The Christian. Lee began to correspond with Nee to seek his guidance for a better understanding of the Bible. In 1932 Nee visited Yantai, and the two met for the first time. During the visit, Lee felt that his relationship with God and his understanding of how to study the Bible were revolutionized.
During this time, Lee began to feel that God was calling him to quit his job and serve as a full-time minister, which he did in August 1933. Soon afterward, he received a letter from Watchman Nee that read, “Brother Witness, as for your future, I feel that you should serve the Lord with your full time. How do you feel? May the Lord lead you.” Lee felt this letter strongly confirmed his decision. From that point onward, Lee began to work closely with Nee.
In 1934, Lee moved his family to Shanghai as editor of Nee's magazine The Christian. The following year, he began to travel throughout China giving messages to Christians and helping to establish local churches; many churches were established in Zhejiang Province as well as in Beijing and Tianjin. He also traveled to the northwestern provinces of Suiyuan, Shanxi, and Shaanxi to preach the gospel and edify Christians there prior to the Japanese invasion in 1937.
With the war beginning, Lee returned to Yantai caring for churches in Yantai and Qingdao. At the end of 1942 a revival broke out in Yantai, and the church met continuously for one hundred days. Under suspicion of espionage due to his experimentation with evangelism by migration, Lee was arrested by the Imperial Japanese Army in May 1943 and underwent a month's interrogation through flogging and water torture. His health was greatly weakened by this imprisonment and he developed tuberculosis. In order to rest and recuperate, he moved to Qingdao in 1944 for two years. Following the end of the war, brought great uncertainty for Nee's ministry. In 1949, Nee and his co-workers sent Witness Lee to Taiwan in order to continue Nee's work free from the threat of government persecution under Chinese communism.
Watchman Nee and Witness Lee met for the last time in Hong Kong in 1950. For over a month they spoke together and helped bring about a revival in the church in Hong Kong. Nee charged Lee to instruct, teach, and lead the elders and to make arrangements concerning the church services, as well as the purchase of land for the building of a new meeting place. Nee then returned to mainland China where, in 1952, he was imprisoned for the remaining twenty years of his life by the CCP. The two were never able to communicate again.
Ministry in Taiwan
When Witness Lee moved to Taiwan in May 1949 he began his work with a few believers and churches already present there. Within five to six years, the number of Christians under his leadership increased from five hundred to over fifty thousand. Lee began to conduct conferences and trainings for the churches on a yearly basis and beginning in 1951 a formal training for his ministry co-workers. Lee also began to publish books through his publishing company, The Taiwan Gospel Book Room, as well as The Ministry of the Word magazine published from 1950 until 1986 in 415 issues.
Going west
Lee's work in the West was initiated with invitations to conduct conferences in London, England and Copenhagen, Denmark in 1958. Between 1958 and 1961, he also visited the United States three times. In 1962 he moved to Los Angeles and held his first conference there. Messages from that conference were later published as a book entitled The All-Inclusive Christ. In the ensuing years, Lee was invited to speak to Christian groups throughout the United States. His messages delivered during shorter conferences and longer trainings were printed in The Stream magazine, published by The Stream Publishers (later renamed Living Stream Ministry).
Throughout the 1960s and 1970s Lee traveled extensively throughout the United States, Canada, and the Far East, and elsewhere. In 1974 he moved to Anaheim, California where he began a book-by-book exposition of the Bible with the Life-study of Genesis. His entire Life-study of the Bible was completed in December 1994. Lee also wrote extensive outlines, footnotes, and cross references for the entire New Testament; these were eventually incorporated into a new translation of the New Testament, the Recovery Version, published in English in 1985. A translation into Chinese appeared in 1987, with various other languages following it since Lee's death.
"God-Ordained Way"
Beginning in the mid-1980s, Witness Lee felt that the rate of growth was too slow in the local churches. Eventually, he returned to Taiwan and determined that there was a need for a shift away from large meetings with one speaker to small group meetings in homes. In his ministry he began to refer to this emphasis as the "God-ordained way." Lee believed that by practicing the God-ordained way, churches could be saved from oldness and degradation and be brought back to a biblical pattern. The God-ordained way consists of four major steps:
Later ministry
In February 1994 Lee began to deliver messages on subjects he referred to as "the high peak of the divine revelation." The focus of his messages was "God’s economy to make the believers God in life and nature but not in the Godhead." He also spoke on topics like "the New Jerusalem, the complete salvation of God with its judicial and organic aspects, the full ministry of Christ in His three divine and mystical stages, and the incorporation of the believers with the consummated Triune God." He also began a series of Bible expositions known as "Crystallization-studies." He continued to encourage the practice of the "God-ordained way."
Witness Lee gave his last conference in February 1997. Three months later he was hospitalized with complications due to prostate cancer. He died on June 9, 1997.
Witness Lee's view of Christendom
Witness Lee was critical of Christendom as a system while stressing the need to accept all believers based on what he taught was the common faith (Tit. 1:4, Jude 3).
Witness Lee taught that certain practices in Christendom were unscriptural, such as the use of denominating names and the clergy-laity system. Nevertheless, he often emphasized the need for oneness among all Christians.
Publications
Many of Witness Lee's spoken messages have been published in over 400 books translated into more than fourteen different languages. His largest written work is The Life-study of the Bible, comprising over 25,000 pages of commentary on every book of the Bible from the perspective of the believers' enjoyment and experience of God's divine life in Christ through the Holy Spirit. A radio broadcast called Life-study of the Bible with Witness Lee was later produced from these spoken messages. Following the Life-study Lee began a focused Crystallization-study to look at high points, or "crystals," of each book of the Bible. However, he died before completing this work.
He was also the chief editor of a new translation of the New Testament into English and Chinese called the Recovery Version.
In addition, Witness Lee wrote, collected, and translated Christian hymns. In 1963 and 1964, he wrote the lyrics to approximately 200 new hymns that he compiled together with hymns from other authors. These were then categorized by topic for Hymns, with a total of 1,080 songs, published by Living Stream Ministry.
Bibliography
The Economy of God
See also
Watchman Nee
The Local Churches
Local Church controversies
Living Stream Ministry
Recovery Version
References
External links
Life and Work of Witness Lee
Life and Work of Watchman Nee
Published Works of Watchman Nee and Witness Lee
Publications and Biographies of Watchman Nee and Witness Lee
Online Recovery Version Bible
Free Recovery Version Bible
An Oral History of Witness Lee in America – By James Barber (.mp3 Format, 89min, 10.2Meg)
My last conversation with Brother Witness Lee from Kerry S. Robichaux
"We Were Wrong" -- Christian Research Institute Journal on Witness Lee and the local churches
An Open Letter Concerning the Teachings of Witness Lee
1905 births
1997 deaths
Chinese Protestant missionaries
Chinese Protestant ministers and clergy
Local Church movement
Evangelical missionaries
Evangelical writers
Translators of the Bible into Chinese
Chinese evangelists
People from Penglai, Shandong
20th-century Chinese translators
Taiwanese people from Shandong
Writers from Yantai
Prisoners and detainees of Japan
Missionary linguists |
Procellaria is a genus of Southern Ocean long-winged seabirds related to prions, and within the order Procellariiformes. The black petrel (Procellaria parkinsoni) ranges in the Pacific Ocean, and as far north as Central America. The spectacled petrel (Procellaria conspicillata) is confined to the Atlantic Ocean, and the Westland petrel (Procellaria westlandica) to the Pacific Ocean. The white-chinned (Procellaria aequincotialis) and grey petrel (Procellaria cinerea) range throughout the higher latitudes of the Southern Ocean.
Taxonomy
The genus Procellaria was introduced in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae. The name is from the Latin procella meaning "storm" or "gale". The type species was designated as the white-chinned petrel by George Robert Gray in 1840.
The genus Procellaria is within the Procellariinae clade, which includes the Shearwaters (a monophyletic group comprising Puffinus, Ardenna and Calonectris) along with a clade of 7-8 species of small stocky petrels in Bulweria and Pseudobulweria.
Species
There are five extant species, all of which have "petrel" in their common name.
Fossil material of an extinct species Procellaria altirostris discovered in New Zealand and dating from the Pliocene was described in 2021.
Description
Procellaria is a member of the family Procellariidae and the order Procellariiformes. As members of Procellariiformes, they share certain characteristics. First they have tubular nostrils called naricorns. This feature gives them their common name, tubenoses. The opening to the nostril is located differently in some birds. These birds have the opening on top of the upper bill. Second, they produce a stomach oil that contains wax esters and triglycerides. This oil fills two functions. When predators threaten the birds or their chick or egg, they spit the substance on them. This substance has an awful smell, and mats the feathers down, degrading their usefulness. Also, they can digest the wax esters for a high energy source of food, during long flights or the period of time that they are incubating their egg or caring for their young. They also have a uniquely structured bill, with seven to nine distinct horny plates. Finally, they have a salt gland that is located above their nasal passages and helps desalinate their body, as they drink seawater. They excrete the salty waste out their nose.
Distribution and habitat
They range from the cold waters of the Southern Ocean to temperate waters, and are pelagic except during the breeding season.
Behaviour
These tubenoses fly like shearwaters, with stiff wings and shearing technique across wave fronts. This technique saves energy. During breeding season they utilize coastal cliffs on islands, laying their single egg in a burrow.
Conservation
The conservation status of bird species are designated by BirdLife International on behalf of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The white-chinned, spectacled and black petrel are classified as "Vulnerable", the grey petrel as "Near-threatened" and the Westland petrel as "Endangered". All five members of the genus are listed in the Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels.
References
Sources
Procellariidae
Bird genera
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
"Together" is a song performed by an Australian Christian pop duo For King & Country with American singer Tori Kelly and American gospel musician Kirk Franklin. It was released as a standalone single on 1 May 2020. It was later included on the deluxe edition of the duo's third studio album Burn the Ships (2018), as well as their fifth studio album, What Are We Waiting For? (2022). The song was written by duo members Joel and Luke Smallbone, alongside Ran Jackson, Ricky Jackson. and Franklin.
"Together" peaked at No. 2 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart. The song also went on to peak at No. 23 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart. "Together" received nominations for the GMA Dove Award Song of the Year and Pop/Contemporary Recorded Song of the Year at the 2021 GMA Dove Awards.
Together is certified gold single by RIAA on August 17, 2022 for 500,000 copies sold.
Background
On 26 March 2020, For King & Country announced that they will hold a livestream event dubbed Together: A Night of Hope, slated for 27 March, where the duo would be performing with their band members as well as share stories, The duo also announced that Kirk Franklin and Kathie Lee Gifford would be special guests, and there would be an exclusive premiere of a new song during the livestream. The duo played the song "Together" during the event, which drew ninety thousand live impressions across various platforms. On 28 April 2020, For King & Country announced that they will be appearing on Good Morning America and performing the new song "Together" on 1 May.
The duo performed the song on Good Morning America with Tori Kelly and Kirk Franklin, joining them for a multi-screen performance. "Together" was released in digital format on 1 May 2020. The song impacted Christian radio stations on 22 May 2020.
Writing and development
Following the duo's running into Kirk Franklin at the 2020 Grammys, they sent the song to him and Franklin wrote the bridge, bringing in his choir and band. The duo wanted a female vocal for the song, so they later reached out Tori Kelly, who then sent back her vocals.
Composition
"Together" is composed in the key of C minor with a tempo of 89 beats per minute.
Accolades
Music video
The music video of "Together" was published on For King & Country's YouTube channel on 5 May 2020. The music video was filmed in quarantine from the homes of the singers during the COVID-19 pandemic, with each artist performing in front of a black backdrop. Messages of struggle, perseverance and optimism in the form of fan-submitted posters were featured in the music video.
Live performances
On 1 May 2020, For King & Country performed the song live on the television program Good Morning America.
Track listing
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Release history
References
2020 singles
2020 songs
For King & Country (band) songs
Tori Kelly songs
Kirk Franklin songs
Songs written by Kirk Franklin
Contemporary Christian songs
Songs written by Joel Smallbone |
Michael Weller (born September 26, 1942) is a Brooklyn-based playwright and screen writer. His plays include Moonchildren, Loose Ends, Spoils of War and Fifty Words. His screenplays include Ragtime, for which he was nominated for an Oscar, and Hair, both directed by Miloš Forman.
Early life and studies
Weller was born in New York City, and has lived in Nevada, Massachusetts, London and New York. He attended Stockbridge School and studied music composition at Brandeis University in Massachusetts. In the late 1960s at Manchester University, he studied playwriting with Stephen Joseph (the child of actress Hermione Gingold and the publisher Michael Joseph) and received a Diploma in Drama. He then moved to London to write plays.
Career
The director Alan Schneider, who was an early collaborator with the playwrights Samuel Beckett and Edward Albee, saw a London run-through of Weller's play Moonchildren, and brought it to the Arena Stage in Washington then to Broadway. Moonchildren subsequently had an acclaimed run off-Broadway at the Theatre de Lys in 1973 and 1974. Schneider also staged Weller's play Loose Ends at the Arena Stage then on Broadway at Circle in the Square Theatre.
His play Spoils of War was adapted as a screenplay and became the TV film In Spite of Love. Kate Nelligan played the part of Elise in both.
In 2017 Brandeis University honored Weller with the university's Brandeis Creative Arts Award. The university invited him to write a new play and suggested it might explore issues regarding freedom of speech. The university had recently received the papers of the social-satirist and stand-up comedian Lenny Bruce. Weller researched the library's collection of the Bruce papers, and began to write his play Buyer Beware, a play that poses the question: If Lenny Bruce were to come back, and book a gig on a campus of today, what would happen?
He is described as writing with insight and objectivity about characters who came of age in the time of the war in Vietnam, and he has also written plays that are more personal and deal with matters of the heart.
Weller has been active in the Dramatists Guild of America, battling for the rights of playwrights. He has served as President of the Writers Guild Initiative from 2011 to 2018.
Teaching and mentoring
Weller is one of the founders of the Cherry Lane Theatre's acclaimed Mentor Project, which pairs pre-eminent playwrights with emerging playwrights for a season-long mentorship. In 2005, the Broken Watch Theatre Company in New York named its performance space the Michael Weller Theatre "in honor of his tremendous accomplishments". The theater closed in 2008.
Weller was a faculty member at The New School for Drama in New York City until 2020. He now teaches theatre adaptation at HB Studio.
Plays
The Bodybuilders (1969) Open Space, London
Tira Tells Everything There is to Know About Herself (1969) Open Space, London
Moonchildren (1971)
More Than You Deserve (musical with Jim Steinman - 1973)
Fishing (1974)
Split (1979)
Loose Ends (1979)
Dwarfman, Master of a Million Shapes (1982)
The Ballad of Soapy Smith (1984) About infamous con man Soapy Smith
Ghost on Fire (1986)
Spoils of War (1988)
Lake No Bottom (1989)
Buying Time (1991)
Help (1992/2006)
Dogbrain (play for children - 1993)
Mistresses (1997)
What the Night is For / Do Not Disturb (2002)
Approaching Moomtaj (2005)
Doctor Zhivago (musical) (with Lucy Simon - 2006/2011/2015)
50 Words (2007/2007)
Side Effects (2011)
Beast (2008)
How to Write Play So Not Getting Fingers Broken (2011, Broken Watch Theatre Company) - part of double bill Sex Good, Money Bad - with Now There's Just the Three of Us
The Full Catastrophe CATF (2015)
Abel Finley (2014)
Jericho (from Liliom by Ferenc Molnár) (2014 / produced 2018 Attic Theatre Company)
Summer (2016) LP
All That Remains (2017)
A Late Morning (in America) with Ronald Reagan (2018 - Contemporary American Theatre Festival - CATF)
A Welcome Guest ("Toppledon") (2019 - CATF
Buyer Beware ("Standup") (2017-2019) - Vicious Circle Productions/Tony Speciale
Loving, Longing, Leaving (2021/22)
Daisy-Rae's Almost Halfway Motor Lodge & Campgrounds" (2023)
Screenplays
Once and Again (1999) (Television)
Spoils of War (1994) – play/teleplay
Lost Angels (1989)
Ragtime (1981)
Hair (1979)
External links
The New School for Drama
References
1942 births
Living people
American male screenwriters
20th-century American dramatists and playwrights
21st-century American dramatists and playwrights
American male dramatists and playwrights
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers |
In mathematics, a plane is a two-dimensional space or flat surface that extends indefinitely.
A plane is the two-dimensional analogue of a point (zero dimensions), a line (one dimension) and three-dimensional space.
When working exclusively in two-dimensional Euclidean space, the definite article is used, so the Euclidean plane refers to the whole space.
Many fundamental tasks in mathematics, geometry, trigonometry, graph theory, and graphing are performed in a two-dimensional or planar space.
Euclidean plane
Embedding in three-dimensional space
Elliptic plane
Projective plane
Further generalizations
In addition to its familiar geometric structure, with isomorphisms that are isometries with respect to the usual inner product, the plane may be viewed at various other levels of abstraction. Each level of abstraction corresponds to a specific category.
At one extreme, all geometrical and metric concepts may be dropped to leave the topological plane, which may be thought of as an idealized homotopically trivial infinite rubber sheet, which retains a notion of proximity, but has no distances. The topological plane has a concept of a linear path, but no concept of a straight line. The topological plane, or its equivalent the open disc, is the basic topological neighborhood used to construct surfaces (or 2-manifolds) classified in low-dimensional topology. Isomorphisms of the topological plane are all continuous bijections. The topological plane is the natural context for the branch of graph theory that deals with planar graphs, and results such as the four color theorem.
The plane may also be viewed as an affine space, whose isomorphisms are combinations of translations and non-singular linear maps. From this viewpoint there are no distances, but collinearity and ratios of distances on any line are preserved.
Differential geometry views a plane as a 2-dimensional real manifold, a topological plane which is provided with a differential structure. Again in this case, there is no notion of distance, but there is now a concept of smoothness of maps, for example a differentiable or smooth path (depending on the type of differential structure applied). The isomorphisms in this case are bijections with the chosen degree of differentiability.
In the opposite direction of abstraction, we may apply a compatible field structure to the geometric plane, giving rise to the complex plane and the major area of complex analysis. The complex field has only two isomorphisms that leave the real line fixed, the identity and conjugation.
In the same way as in the real case, the plane may also be viewed as the simplest, one-dimensional (over the complex numbers) complex manifold, sometimes called the complex line. However, this viewpoint contrasts sharply with the case of the plane as a 2-dimensional real manifold. The isomorphisms are all conformal bijections of the complex plane, but the only possibilities are maps that correspond to the composition of a multiplication by a complex number and a translation.
In addition, the Euclidean geometry (which has zero curvature everywhere) is not the only geometry that the plane may have. The plane may be given a spherical geometry by using the stereographic projection. This can be thought of as placing a sphere tangent to the plane (just like a ball on the floor), removing the top point, and projecting the sphere onto the plane from this point. This is one of the projections that may be used in making a flat map of part of the Earth's surface. The resulting geometry has constant positive curvature.
Alternatively, the plane can also be given a metric which gives it constant negative curvature giving the hyperbolic plane. The latter possibility finds an application in the theory of special relativity in the simplified case where there are two spatial dimensions and one time dimension. (The hyperbolic plane is a timelike hypersurface in three-dimensional Minkowski space.)
Topological and differential geometric notions
The one-point compactification of the plane is homeomorphic to a sphere (see stereographic projection); the open disk is homeomorphic to a sphere with the "north pole" missing; adding that point completes the (compact) sphere. The result of this compactification is a manifold referred to as the Riemann sphere or the complex projective line. The projection from the Euclidean plane to a sphere without a point is a diffeomorphism and even a conformal map.
The plane itself is homeomorphic (and diffeomorphic) to an open disk. For the hyperbolic plane such diffeomorphism is conformal, but for the Euclidean plane it is not.
See also
Affine plane
Hyperbolic geometry
References
Geometry
Surfaces |
```php
<?php
declare(strict_types = 1);
namespace LanguageServer;
use LanguageServer\Message;
use Sabre\Event\Promise;
interface ProtocolWriter
{
/**
* Sends a Message to the client
*
* @param Message $msg
* @return Promise Resolved when the message has been fully written out to the output stream
*/
public function write(Message $msg): Promise;
}
``` |
Damon Alley-Tovio is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s. He played for South Sydney in the NRL competition.
Background
Alley-Tovio was a South Sydney junior and holds the record for most tries in a Jersey Flegg game when he scored 6 tries against Balmain in the Jersey Flegg Cup.
Playing career
Alley-Tovio made his first grade debut for South Sydney in round 10 2003 against Cronulla-Sutherland at Shark Park which ended in a 14–30 loss. Alley-Tovio played 2 further games for Souths in the 2003 NRL season as the club finished last on the table.
In the 2004 NRL season, Alley-Tovio only made one appearance for Souths which came against Canterbury-Bankstown in round 7 with the match finishing in an 8–34 loss. Souths would finish last on the table for a second consecutive year and this would prove to be Alley-Tovio's last game in the top grade.
After being released by Souths, Alley-Tovio played in reserve grade for the Canberra Raiders, St. George Illawarra, Newtown, Canterbury-Bankstown and Penrith.
Controversy
In 2007, Alley-Tovio agreed to hand himself in to police after allegedly assaulting three men inside a hotel and fleeing in a stolen car. It was reported that a fight began at the Rydges Hotel in Parramatta after Alley-Tovio knocked over a tray of drinks. After a fight broke out, Alley-Tovio was ejected out of the hotel by security staff. He then allegedly ran across James Ruse Drive, dodging traffic, and got into a car which was pulled over with the keys in the ignition, but unoccupied. The car was later dumped outside Maroubra police station with the keys in the ignition. Alley-Tovio was suspended by his club Canterbury who he was playing with at the time and was subsequently released.
References
1984 births
Living people
Australian rugby league players
South Sydney Rabbitohs players
Newtown Jets NSW Cup players
Place of birth missing (living people)
Rugby league wingers
Rugby league players from Sydney |
Daniel 'Dani' Vega Cintas (born 11 January 1997) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Real Murcia CF, mainly as a winger.
Club career
Vega was born in Mérida, Badajoz, Extremadura. He made his senior debuts with Real Valladolid's reserve team in the 2014–15 campaign, in Segunda División B, aged only 17.
On 15 October 2014 Vega played his first match as a professional, starting in a 2–0 home win over Girona FC for the season's Copa del Rey. The remainder of his spell at the club was limited to the B-team, however.
On 2 July 2018, Vega moved to another reserve team, Celta de Vigo B also in the third division. He continued to appear in that category in the following years, representing UD Melilla and Extremadura UD.
References
External links
1997 births
Living people
People from Mérida, Spain
Footballers from the Province of Badajoz
Spanish men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Segunda División B players
Real Valladolid Promesas players
Real Valladolid players
RC Celta Fortuna players
UD Melilla footballers
Extremadura UD footballers
CF Lorca Deportiva players |
Nové Hamry () is a municipality and village in Karlovy Vary District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Karlovy Vary District
Villages in the Ore Mountains |
Cynthia Wu (; born 18 May 1978) is a Taiwanese business executive and politician. She worked for subsidiaries of Merrill Lynch in the United Kingdom and the Shin Kong Group in Taiwan before she was appointed to the Legislative Yuan in 2022.
Personal life, education, and early career
Cynthia Wu was born in the United States on 18 May 1978, and attended Taipei American School, Wellesley College and The Courtauld Institute of Art. She is the eldest daughter of Eugene Wu and his wife Hsu Hsien-hsien. Her maternal grandfather is banker and politician Hsu Sheng-fa. Cynthia Wu's younger sister is Wu Hsin-ju, and her younger brother is Wu Yi-tung. While living in the United Kingdom, Wu worked for Merrill Lynch in London. After returning to Taiwan, Wu was an executive at , a division of the Shin Kong Group, which was founded by her paternal grandfather . Her uncles Eric and Thomas Wu are also business executives, and Eric Wu had previously served on the Legislative Yuan.
Cynthia Wu married , an executive at Hua Nan Securities, in 2010. In September 2013, Wu noticed that Lin, who suspected her of infidelity, had installed a GPS tracking unit in her car, and subsequently filed for divorce. Lin was acquitted in the first ruling, and the divorce was not granted. Although a second ruling in 2019 granted the divorce, Wu stated that the decision would deny her the experience of motherhood, as embryos that had been artificially inseminated during her marriage to Lin would be destroyed.
Wu married Renaud van der Elst in 2022, and she gave birth to their son on February 9, 2023.
Political career
While residing in the UK, Cynthia Wu was an assistant to Conservative Party politician Peter Lilley. She was ranked seventh on the Taiwan People's Party list prior to the 2020 Taiwanese legislative election. After the resignation of Tsai Pi-ru, Wu was appointed to the 10th Legislative Yuan on 2 November 2022.
References
1978 births
Living people
Wellesley College alumni
Alumni of the Courtauld Institute of Art
Taiwan People's Party Members of the Legislative Yuan
21st-century Taiwanese women politicians
Taiwanese women business executives
Party List Members of the Legislative Yuan
Members of the 10th Legislative Yuan
21st-century Taiwanese businesspeople
Taiwanese expatriates in the United States
20th-century Taiwanese businesspeople
Taiwanese expatriates in the United Kingdom
Merrill (company) people |
Captain William Henry Hubbard DFC (19 May 1886—19 June 1960) was a Canadian World War I flying ace credited with twelve aerial victories against enemy fighter planes despite spending a year and a half out of action. He was noted for his zeal in ground support missions, as well as his success against enemy fighters.
Military service
Hubbard had moved to Toronto in 1915 when he volunteered for military service. He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Special Reserve on 1 January 1916. On 9 May 1916, he received Royal Aero Club pilot's certificate no. 2871. On 8 September, while flying a Royal Aircraft Factory BE.2c for No. 5 Squadron RFC, he destroyed a Fokker Eindekker over Saint-Julien. On the day after Christmas, he was severely wounded by Erwin Boehme. Upon recovery, he was posted to Home Establishment as an instructor. He remained there until he was promoted Captain and appointed Flight Commander in No. 73 Squadron RAF, flying a Sopwith Camel. Beginning 11 April 1918, he began to score a steady trickle of wins that took to a total of a dozen on 8 October. It was during this time that he earned both the DFC and a Bar in lieu of a second award; they were awarded more for his ground support missions than aerial success. At any rate, he ended the war with a tally of four German fighter planes destroyed, one set afire in midair, one captured, and six driven down out of control.
Military honors
Distinguished Flying Cross
Capt. William Henry Hubbard,
During recent operations he has repeatedly
descended to low altitudes to release his
bombs and to open machine-gun fire on
troops and transport. He has shown the
greatest gallantry, judgment and presence
of mind. On several occasions he has
attacked and driven down out of control
enemy aeroplanes.
Bar to Distinguished Flying Cross
Capt. William Henry Hubbard, D.F.C.
(FRANCE.)
This officer has shown great bravery and
devotion to duty both in destroying enemy
aircraft—ten of which he has accounted for
—and in silencing anti-Tank guns. On
27 September, flying at altitudes between
200 and 1,500 feet, he engaged and silenced
many anti-Tank guns, thereby rendering
valuable service. He at the same time completed
a detailed and accurate reconnaissance
of the area, locating the position of
our troops.
Aerial victories
Endnotes
References
Franks, Norman and Hal Giblin (2003). Under the Guns of the Kaiser's Aces: Bohme, Muller, Von Tutschek and Wolff: The Complete Record of Their Victories and Victims. Grub Street. , .
1886 births
1960 deaths
Canadian World War I flying aces |
Jintai District , is a district of the city of Baoji, Shaanxi province, China.
Administrative divisions
As 2020, this County is divided to 7 subdistricts and 4 towns.
Subdistricts
Towns
Climate
Jintai District is located in the inland area of central China, and belongs to the continental monsoon region with a warm temperate semi-humid climate. The four seasons are cold, warm, dry and wet, with long winter and summer and short spring and autumn. In spring, the temperature rises early, but the temperature changes greatly, and there are often spring cold, spring drought, low temperature, frost, little rain, strong wind and other weather. Summer is hot and rainy, with occasional droughts. In early autumn, the temperature drops quickly, with more continuous rain and less light; in mid-autumn, the weather is sunny and cool; in late autumn, there is frost. Winter is cold and dry, with little rain and snow, and drought is prominent.
Hydrology
Surface water
The area is rich in surface water and groundwater. Surface water includes transit passenger water and self-produced surface water. Self-produced surface water includes rainfall surface runoff and spring water conversion. The total annual runoff of transit passenger water is 2.6546 billion cubic meters, and the total annual runoff of self-produced surface water is 9.132 million cubic meters, including 1.175 million cubic meters of spring water conversion. The average depth of surface water runoff from origin is 151 mm.
Ground water
The groundwater reserves in this area are about 54.6253 million cubic meters. The reserves in Chuandao District are 45,104,600 cubic meters, that in Poyuan District is 9,520,700 cubic meters, and the annual exploitable volume is 32,510,700 cubic meters. Taking 1982 as an example, the actual mining volume was 35.4362 million cubic meters, and the overexploitation was 2.9255 million cubic meters. The annual exploitable volume in Chuandao District is 29,831,500 cubic meters, and the actual mining volume has reached 34,963,600 cubic meters (including 29,419,900 cubic meters of urban industrial and domestic water), with an overexploitation of 5,132,100 cubic meters. Due to over-exploitation in the old urban area, Shangmaying subdistrict, Shilipu subdistrict and other areas, the groundwater level has dropped year after year, which has formed a funnel.
References
Districts of Shaanxi
Baoji |
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
// MODULES //
var tape = require( 'tape' );
var isnan = require( '@stdlib/math/base/assert/is-nan' );
var abs = require( '@stdlib/math/base/special/abs' );
var PINF = require( '@stdlib/constants/float64/pinf' );
var NINF = require( '@stdlib/constants/float64/ninf' );
var EPS = require( '@stdlib/constants/float64/eps' );
var quantile = require( './../lib' );
// FIXTURES //
var positiveMean = require( './fixtures/julia/positive_mean.json' );
var negativeMean = require( './fixtures/julia/negative_mean.json' );
var largeVariance = require( './fixtures/julia/large_variance.json' );
// TESTS //
tape( 'main export is a function', function test( t ) {
t.ok( true, __filename );
t.strictEqual( typeof quantile, 'function', 'main export is a function' );
t.end();
});
tape( 'if provided `NaN` for any parameter, the function returns `NaN`', function test( t ) {
var y = quantile( NaN, 0.0, 1.0 );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
y = quantile( 0.0, NaN, 1.0 );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
y = quantile( 0.0, 1.0, NaN );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
t.end();
});
tape( 'if provided a number outside `[0,1]` for `p` and a finite `mu` and `beta`, the function returns `NaN`', function test( t ) {
var y = quantile( 1.1, 0.0, 1.0 );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns true' );
y = quantile( -0.1, 0.0, 1.0 );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns true' );
t.end();
});
tape( 'if provided a nonpositive `beta`, the function returns `NaN`', function test( t ) {
var y;
y = quantile( 0.5, 2.0, -1.0 );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
y = quantile( 0.2, 2.0, -1.0 );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
y = quantile( 0.5, 2.0, 0.0 );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
y = quantile( 0.2, 2.0, 0.0 );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
y = quantile( 0.8, 1.0, NINF );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
y = quantile( 0.7, PINF, NINF );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
y = quantile( 0.7, NINF, NINF );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
y = quantile( 0.2, NaN, NINF );
t.equal( isnan( y ), true, 'returns NaN' );
t.end();
});
tape( 'the function evaluates the quantile function at `p` given positive `mu`', function test( t ) {
var expected;
var delta;
var beta;
var tol;
var mu;
var p;
var y;
var i;
expected = positiveMean.expected;
p = positiveMean.p;
mu = positiveMean.mu;
beta = positiveMean.beta;
for ( i = 0; i < p.length; i++ ) {
y = quantile( p[i], mu[i], beta[i] );
if ( expected[i] !== null) {
if ( y === expected[i] ) {
t.equal( y, expected[i], 'p: '+p[i]+', mu:'+mu[i]+', beta: '+beta[i]+', y: '+y+', expected: '+expected[i] );
} else {
delta = abs( y - expected[ i ] );
tol = 1.0 * EPS * abs( expected[ i ] );
t.ok( delta <= tol, 'within tolerance. p: '+p[ i ]+'. mu: '+mu[i]+'. beta: '+beta[i]+'. y: '+y+'. E: '+expected[ i ]+'. : '+delta+'. tol: '+tol+'.' );
}
}
}
t.end();
});
tape( 'the function evaluates the quantile function at `p` given negative `mu`', function test( t ) {
var expected;
var delta;
var beta;
var tol;
var mu;
var p;
var y;
var i;
expected = negativeMean.expected;
p = negativeMean.p;
mu = negativeMean.mu;
beta = negativeMean.beta;
for ( i = 0; i < p.length; i++ ) {
y = quantile( p[i], mu[i], beta[i] );
if ( expected[i] !== null ) {
if ( y === expected[i] ) {
t.equal( y, expected[i], 'p: '+p[i]+', mu:'+mu[i]+', beta: '+beta[i]+', y: '+y+', expected: '+expected[i] );
} else {
delta = abs( y - expected[ i ] );
tol = 1.0 * EPS * abs( expected[ i ] );
t.ok( delta <= tol, 'within tolerance. p: '+p[ i ]+'. mu: '+mu[i]+'. beta: '+beta[i]+'. y: '+y+'. E: '+expected[ i ]+'. : '+delta+'. tol: '+tol+'.' );
}
}
}
t.end();
});
tape( 'the function evaluates the quantile function at `p` given large variance ( = large `beta` )', function test( t ) {
var expected;
var delta;
var beta;
var tol;
var mu;
var p;
var y;
var i;
expected = largeVariance.expected;
p = largeVariance.p;
mu = largeVariance.mu;
beta = largeVariance.beta;
for ( i = 0; i < p.length; i++ ) {
y = quantile( p[i], mu[i], beta[i] );
if ( expected[i] !== null ) {
if ( y === expected[i] ) {
t.equal( y, expected[i], 'p: '+p[i]+', mu:'+mu[i]+', beta: '+beta[i]+', y: '+y+', expected: '+expected[i] );
} else {
delta = abs( y - expected[ i ] );
tol = 1.0 * EPS * abs( expected[ i ] );
t.ok( delta <= tol, 'within tolerance. p: '+p[ i ]+'. mu: '+mu[i]+'. beta: '+beta[i]+'. y: '+y+'. E: '+expected[ i ]+'. : '+delta+'. tol: '+tol+'.' );
}
}
}
t.end();
});
``` |
Señorita República Dominicana 1974 was held on February 2, 1974. There were 28 candidates who competed for the national crown. The winner represented the Dominican Republic at the Miss Universe 1974 . The Virreina al Miss Mundo will enter Miss World 1974. Only the 27 province, 1 municipality entered. On the top 10 they showed their evening gown and answered questions so they could go to the top 5. In the top 5 they would answer more questions.
Results
Señorita República Dominicana 1974 : Jacqueline María Cabrera Vargas (Espaillat)
Virreina al Miss Mundo : Giselle María Scanlon Grullón (La Vega)
1st Runner Up : Gina Duarte (Salcedo)
2nd Runner Up : Ana Rojas (Santo Domingo de Guzmán)
3rd Runner Up : Milvia Suarez (Santiago)
Top 10
Isaura Ureña (Puerto Plata)
Maira Cuello (Dajabón)
Levi Cardona (Valverde)
Joana Veras (Distrito Nacional)
Digna Ferreira (Azua)
Special awards
Miss Rostro Bello – Ana Rojas (Santo Domingo de Guzmán)
Miss Photogenic (voted by press reporters) - Laura Tavares (Séibo)
Miss Congeniality (voted by Miss Dominican Republic Universe contestants) - Tatiana Cruz (San Pedro)
Best Provincial Costume - Ana Rodríguez (Santiago Rodríguez)
Delegates
Azua - Digna María Ferreira Díaz
Baoruco - Mabel Daya Duarfte Castro
Barahona - Edickta Melan Martínez Caba
Dajabón - Ana Maira Cuello Victo
Distrito Nacional - Joana Cindy Veras Terrenas
Duarte - Julia Mildred Martes Peralta
Espaillat - Jacqueline María Cabrera Vargas
Independencia - Cecilia Ceneyda Rosario de Vargas
La Altagracia - Marisela Reyna Solano Roig
La Estrelleta - Ana Carolina Padron Zamora
La Romana - Patria Sonia de la Cruz Salcedo
La Vega - Giselle María Scanlon Grullón
María Trinidad Sánchez - Janet Van Zamr Batista
Monte Cristi - Auxiliadora Carmen Hernández Sosa
Pedernales - Marisol Victoria del Río Pidres
Peravia - Julisa Isaura Henriquez Marron
Puerto Plata - Isaura Rita Ureña del Rosario Vargas
Salcedo - Ana Gina Duarte Víllanueva
Samaná - Lila Patricia Mendoza Sonza
Sánchez Ramírez - Isabel Fernanda Martínez Matos
San Cristóbal - Reyna Julie Gómez Fernández
San Juan de la Maguana - Cristina Estafnia Ynoa Reynosa
San Pedro - Tatiana Sandra Cruz Sosa
Santiago - Milvia Trinidad Suarez Sánchez
Santiago Rodríguez - Ana Gabriela Santos Rodríguez
Séibo - Laura Carolina Tavares Batista
Santo Domingo de Guzmán - Ana Cristina Rojas Merano
Valverde - Levi del Mar Cardona Sierro
Miss Dominican Republic
1974 beauty pageants
1974 in the Dominican Republic |
Medtronic plc is an American medical device company. The company's operational and executive headquarters are in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and its legal headquarters are in Ireland due to its acquisition of Irish-based Covidien in 2015. While it primarily operates in the United States, it operates in more than 150 countries and employs over 90,000 people. It develops and manufactures healthcare technologies and therapies.
History
Medtronic was founded in 1949 in Minneapolis by Earl Bakken and his brother-in-law, Palmer Hermundslie, as a medical equipment repair shop. Bakken invented several medical technology devices that continue to be used around the world today.
Through his repair business, Bakken came to know C. Walton Lillehei, a doctor of heart surgery at the University of Minnesota Medical School. The deficiencies of the artificial pacemakers of the day were made painfully obvious following a power outage over Halloween in 1957, which affected large sections of Minnesota and western Wisconsin. A pacemaker-dependent paediatric patient of Lillehei died because of the blackout. The next day, Lillehei spoke with Bakken about developing some form of battery-powered pacemaker. Bakken modified the design for a transistorized metronome and created the first battery-powered external pacemaker. It fit in a four-inch-square box that could be taped to a patient’s chest, transmitted electric signals to the heart through wires that passed through the patient’s chest, and could be removed without surgery.
The company expanded through the 1950s, selling equipment built by other companies but also developing custom-made devices. Bakken built a small pacemaker that could be strapped to the body and powered by batteries. Work in the new field later produced an implantable pacemaker in 1960. The company built its headquarters in the Minneapolis suburb of St. Anthony, Minnesota, in 1960, and moved to Fridley in the 1970s. Medtronic's main competitors in the cardiac rhythm field include Boston Scientific and St. Jude Medical.
In 1997, Medtronic opened a production site for implantable pacemakers and brain pacemakers in Tolochenaz, Switzerland. One in five pacemakers implanted globally today is made here. The site is also used as a European training centre for doctors. In 1998, Medtronic acquired Physio-Control for $538 million.
In 2014, Integra LifeSciences announced it was acquiring instrumentation lines from Medtronic for $60 million. The deal included Medtronic’s MicroFrance and Xomed manual ENT and laparoscopic surgical instruments, as well as a manufacturing facility in France.
In February 2016, the company announced that it would acquire Bellco from private equity firm Charme Capital Partners. In June, the company announced its acquisition of HeartWare International Inc. for $1.1 billion. In December 2017, Medtronic acquired Crospon in €38 million ($45 million). In September 2018, the company acquired Mazor Robotics for $1.64 billion ($58.50 per American Depository Share or $29.25 per ordinary share. In late November, Medtronic acquired Nutrino Health Ltd boosting the company's nutrition-related data services and analytics.
In May 2019, Medtronic announced it would acquire Titan Spine, a technology company focusing on titanium spine implants.
Chief Executive Officer Omar Ishrak retired in April 2020 and stayed on as executive chairman and chairman of the board until December 2020. Ishrak was succeeded by senior executive Geoff Martha.
In January 2020, the company announced its intention to acquire Stimgenics, LLC and their primary therapy: differential target, multiplexed, spinal cord stimulation. In July, the company announced it would acquire Medicrea for €7.00 per share. In August, Medtronic announced it would acquire Companion Medical, who manufacture a smart insulin pen system, which connects to a diabetes management app. In September Medtronic acquired Avenu Medical for an undisclosed sum.
In February 2021, the company recalled its HeartWare Ventricular Assist Device. In June 2021, the controller ports were pulled from the market. On June 3, 2021, the FDA alerted physicians to stop new implants of the HVAD system due to "an increased risk of neurological adverse events and mortality associated with the internal pump."
In January 2022, the business announced it would acquire Affera, Inc. In March, Medtronic announced a contract with Vizient, a healthcare performance improvement company, to add Medtronic's Touch Surgery Enterprise platform to Vizient's healthcare offerings. Touch Surgery works with laparoscopic and robotic scopes and is an AI-powered video management and analytics platform for the operating room. In May, Medtronic and DaVita Inc. announced plans to form a new, independent kidney care-focused medical device company. Medtronic’s Renal Care Solutions business will be part of the new company.
In April 2022, the company announced that it would work with GE Healthcare to support the needs and care demands at Ambulatory Surgery Centers. In July, Medtronic announced a strategic partnership with CathWorks, a coronary artery disease (CAD) technology developer. A separate agreement gave Medtronic the option to acquire CathWorks in the future.
In October, 2022, the company announced its intention to pursue a separation of the company's combined Patient Monitoring and Respiratory Interventions businesses, which are part of the company's Medical Surgical Portfolio.
Acquisition history
Medtronic
Medtronic plc
Medtronic Inc. (Founded 1949)
Ardian Inc (Acq 2010)
Osteotech Inc (Acq 2010)
ATS Medical (Acq 2010)
Krauth Cardiovascular (Acq 2010)
Fogazzi (Acq 2010)
Invatec (Acq 2010)
PEAK Surgical, Inc< (Acq 2011)
Salient Surgical Technologies Inc (Acq 2011)
China Kanghui Holdings (Acq 2012)
NGC Medical (Acq 2014)
Sapiens Steering Brain Stimulation (Acq 2014)
TYRX Inc (Acq 2014)
Covidien (Formed 2007 from Tyco International healthcare business spin off)
Sapheon Inc (Acq 2014)
Reverse Medical Corporation (Acq 2014)
Given Imaging (Acq 2014)
Aspect Medical Systems
Somanetics Corp (Acq 2010)
ev3 Inc (Acq 2010)
CV Ingenuity (Acq 2012)
BÂRRX (Acq 2012)
Newport Medical Instruments (Acq 2012)
superDimension (Acq 2012)
Oridion Systems (Acq 2012)
VNUS Medical Technologies
Advanced Uro-Solutions (Acq 2015)
Diabeter (Acq 2015)
CardioInsight Technologies (Acq 2015)
Aptus Endosystems (Acq 2015)
RF Surgical Systems (Acq 2015)
Medina Medical (Acq 2015)
Lazarus Effect (Acq 2015)
Bellco (Acq 2016)
HeartWare International Inc (Acq 2016)
Crospon (Acq 2017)
Mazor Robotics (Acq 2018)
Nutrino Health Ltd (Acq 2018)
Titan Spine (Acq 2019)
Klue (Acq 2019)
Stimgenics, LLC (Acq 2020)
Medicrea (Acq 2020)
Companion Medical (Acq 2020)
Avenu Medical (Acq 2020)
Intersect ENT (Acq 2022)
Digital Surgery (Acq 2020)
Affera, Inc. (Acq 2022)
Global rankings
In May 2018, Medtronic was ranked as the world's largest medical device company by 2017 revenues (see table below).
In March 2017, Bloomberg's database of U.S. tax inversions listed Medtronic and Wright Medical Group (Medtronic's 2015 inversion to Ireland was over $100 billion, while Wright's 2015 inversion to the Netherlands was $3.3 billion), as the only U.S. tax inversions of a U.S. medical device company in history. In February 2018, the Wall Street Journal listed Medtronic's 2015 tax inversion to Ireland as the largest U.S. corporate tax inversion executed between 2013 and 2016. In May 2018, Medtronic was ranked as the largest corporate tax inversion in history.
Business units and subsidiaries
Medtronic has four main business units: the Minimally Invasive Therapies Group, the Diabetes Group, the Restorative Therapies Group, and the Cardiac and Vascular Group. Medtronic develops and manufactures devices and therapies to treat more than 30 chronic diseases, including heart failure, Parkinson disease, urinary incontinence, Down syndrome, obesity, chronic pain, spinal disorders and diabetes.
CRDM
Cardiac rhythm disease management (CRDM) is the oldest and largest of Medtronic's business units. Its work in heart rhythm therapies dates back to 1957 when Bakken developed the first wearable heart pacemaker to treat abnormally slow heart rates. Since then, it has expanded its expertise in electrical stimulation to treat other cardiac rhythm diseases. It has also made an effort to address overall disease management by adding diagnostic and monitoring capabilities to many of its devices. An independently-operating Dutch pacemaker manufacturer, Vitatron, acquired by Medtronic in 1986, is now a European subsidiary of the unit. Medtronic and Vitatron pacemakers are interrogated and programmed by Medtronic Carelink Model 2090 Programmer for Medtronic and Vitatron Devices; they use separate interfaces.
In 2007, Medtronic recalled its Sprint Fidelis product, the flexible wires, or leads, which connect a defibrillator to the interior of the heart. The leads were found to be failing at an unacceptable rate, resulting in unnecessary shocks or no shocks when needed; either can be lethal. The scope of the problem continues to be a matter of research. Studies since the recall, disputed by Medtronic, suggest that the failure rate of already-implanted Sprint Fidelis leads is increasing exponentially. Medtronic's liability is limited by various court decisions.
Spinal and biologics
Spinal and biologics is Medtronic's second-largest business. Medtronic is the world leader in spinal and musculoskeletal therapies. In 2007, Medtronic purchased Kyphon, a manufacturer and seller of spinal implants that are necessary for procedures like kyphoplasty.
In May 2008, Medtronic Spine agreed to pay the US government $75 million to settle a qui tam lawsuit after a whistleblower alleged that Medtronic committed Medicare fraud. The company was charged with illegally convincing healthcare providers to offer kyphoplasty, a spinal fracture repair surgery, as an inpatient, not an outpatient, procedure to make thousands of dollars more in profits per surgery.
A "special report" by writer Steven Brill in Time showed that according to Medtronic's quarterly SEC filing of October 2012, the company had, on average, a 75.1% profit margin on its spine products and therapies.
Cardiovascular
Medtronic's cardiovascular therapies span the major specialties of interventional cardiology, cardiac surgery, and vascular surgery. The products are used to reduce the potentially debilitating effects of coronary, aortic, and structural heart disease.
Neuromodulation
Neuromodulation is the second-oldest and third-largest department of Medtronic. Its products include neurostimulation systems and implantable drug delivery systems for chronic pain, common movement disorders, and urologic and gastrointestinal disorders. The department's revenues in 2014 amounted to $1.9 billion, or 11% of Medtronic's total revenues.
Diabetes
The diabetes management manufacturing and sales division of Medtronic is based on the perimeter of the California State University, Northridge campus in Northridge, California. The original company, Minimed Technologies, was founded in 1983 by Alfred E. Mann and spun off from Pacesetter Systems to design and market an open loop insulin pump. The MiniMed 502 was one of the first lightweight insulin pumps on the market, and it helped bring insulin pump usage to the mainstream market.
In 1992, the MiniMed 506 was a major redesign to make it more appealing to consumers. The new design was met by boosted adoption rate, and sales increased by 357%. In 2001, Medtronic purchased Minimed, to form Medtronic Minimed.
On 11 May 2009, Medtronic announced it had chosen San Antonio, Texas, for the location of its new Diabetes Therapy Management and Education Center. The company announced that it expected 1400 new jobs would be created to staff the facility.
In September 2016, the FDA approved a device, the MiniMed 670G which was launched in 2017. It was the world's first Hybrid Closed Loop system for people with type 1 diabetes. Featuring the company's advanced algorithm - SmartGuard technology and glucose sensor - Guardian™ Sensor 3, it was the first insulin pump approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that enabled personalized and automated* delivery of basal insulin, the background insulin needed to maintain stable blood sugar levels throughout the day and night. The advanced SmartGuard Auto Mode algorithm worked in conjunction with the company's glucose sensor - Guardian Sensor 3 - to self-adjust basal insulin delivery based on the glucose sensor.
Surgical technologies
The surgical technologies business group designed and manufactured products for the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) diseases and cranial, spinal, and neurologic conditions. It also encompassed a surgical navigation division to design "StealthStation" systems, software, and instruments for computer assisted surgery (CAS) and a special intraoperative X-ray imaging system (3D fluoroscopy), known as the O-arm Imaging System. Many of the products are used for minimally-invasive surgical procedures. In 2016, the business unit was dissolved, and each site folded into new business groups.
Renal Care Solutions
The Renal Care Solutions business group designed and manufactured products for the diagnosis and treatment related to Renal organs like Kidney. In 2023 this business unit was spun off into an independent business called Mozarc Medical.
Technology safety
In 2011, an independent security researcher, Jay Radcliffe, revealed a security vulnerability in a Medtronic insulin pump at the Computer Security conference Black Hat Briefings, allowing an attacker to take control of the pump. Medtronic responded by assuring users of the full safety of its devices.
In 2008, a team of computer security researchers was able to take remote control of a Medtronic cardiac implant. The team, using an unused implant in a lab, was able to control the electrical shocks delivered by the defibrillator component and even glean patient data from the device.
In February 2020, Medtronic recalled around 322,000 MiniMed insulin pumps with faulty pump retainer rings, which had been correlated to death and around 2,000 injuries.
Portable ventilators
On 30 March 2020, Medtronic shared its portable ventilator design specifications during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, in order to accelerate global ventilator production.
Subsidiaries
Vitatron
Vitatron is a Netherlands-based European subsidiary of Medtronic. It is focused on development and manufacturing of cardiac pacing technology. Once an independently operating Dutch medical company, it was acquired by Medtronic in 1986.
Vitatron pacemakers are interrogated and programmed by Medtronic Carelink Model 2090 Programmer for Medtronic and Vitatron Devices, using a separate interface.
History of Vitatron
1956: Vitatron founded
1962: First Implantable pacemakers
1981: Microprocessor-driven, software-based pacemaker (DPG1)
1982: Rate Responsive pacemaker (TX1)
1984: Quintech DDD with automatic upper rate behavior ("mode switch")
1988: Daily Learn algorithm (Rhythmyx)
1997: First upgradeable pacemaker system with dedicated AF diagnostics, rate and rhythm control therapy.
2003: Vitatron goes digital: 1st Vitatron C-Series, the world's first fully digital pacemaker.
2004: 2nd Vitatron C-Series, digital, fast pacemaker.
2004: Vitatron T-Series: The full picture, digital pacemaker system.
2005: Vitatron C-Series, A3 models, a new top line range of digital pacemakers for bradycardic patients.
Public-private engagement
Activism
Medtronic is a corporate partner of Human Rights Campaign, a large LGBT advocacy organization.
Criticism
Animal rights
In 2005, 2008, and 2010 PETA threatened to submit a shareholder resolution to improve animal welfare standards in the company. In 2005, PETA attempted to stop five specific animal experiments that it deemed "crude and cruel". In 2008, PETA protested the outsourcing of animal testing to countries with lax animal welfare laws, such as China. In 2010, PETA attempted to stop Medtronic's reported use of live animals in testing and training. In response, Medtronic conducted a feasibility study that found that banning the use of live animals was impractical. As of 2015 Medtronic continued to use live animals for testing and training but stated that it would look for alternatives in the future. In each case, PETA withdrew its shareholder resolution after talks with Medtronic's leadership.
Tax inversion to Ireland
In June 2014, Medtronic announced it would execute a tax inversion to Ireland by acquiring Irish-based Covidien (a previous U.S. tax inversion to Ireland in 2007), for $42.9 billion in cash and stock. The tax inversion enabled Medtronic to move its legal headquarters to Ireland, while maintaining its operational and executive headquarters in the U.S., thus allowing it to avoid taxation on more than $14 billion held overseas, and avail of Ireland's beneficial low corporation tax regime. Medtronic's tax inversion is the largest tax inversion in history, and given the changes in the U.S. tax-code in 2016 to block the Pfizer-Allergan Irish tax inversion, is likely to remain the largest. Medtronic CEO Omar Ishrak defended the tax inversion in a 2015 interview to the Financial Times saying, "We just followed the rules and the deal was done based on strategic merits". Ireland is less than 0.1% of Medtronic (or Covidien) sales, and the majority of Medtronic's sales, and an even greater percentage of Medtronic profits (due to the higher margins on U.S. medical devices), are from the U.S. healthcare system. In 2016, the Star Tribune reported that Medtronic was still winning U.S. Federal contracts and attending U.S. trade-missions as a U.S. company.
In terms of scale, on 23 November 2018, Ireland's largest stockbrokers, Davy Stockbrokers reported that the total capitalization of the Irish stock market was €104 billion (this does not include Medtronic, which Davy do not consider an Irish company). In contrast, on the same day Medtronic's capitalization was listed on Bloomberg at just over $130 billion (or €115 billion).
Medtronic's acquisition of Covidien made Medtronic the world's largest medical device company by revenues.
Response to 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Medtronic refused to join the international community and withdraw from the Russian market. Research from Yale University updated on April 28, 2022 identifying how companies were reacting to Russia's invasion identified Medtronic in the worst category of "Digging In", meaning Defying Demands for Exit: companies defying demands for exit/reduction of activities.
See also
Corporate tax inversions to Ireland
Ireland as a tax haven
Steris, US medical device tax inversion to UK and Ireland
References
External links
Medtronic
Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
Health care companies of Ireland
Health care companies established in 1949
Private providers of NHS services
Manufacturing companies based in Dublin (city)
Tax inversions
1949 establishments in Minnesota
Medical device manufacturers
American brands |
Jens Lauritz Opstad (5 May 1917 – 23 May 2003) was a Norwegian museum director and historian.
He was born in Tune as a son of wholesaler Jens Lauritzen Opstad (1884–1963) and Laura Kristine Thune (1885–1921). He finished his secondary education in Sarpsborg in 1937 and at the University of Oslo he took the cand.mag. degree in 1941 and the cand.philol. degree in history in 1943.
He was a school teacher in Fredrikstad from 1944 to 1945, then a consultant for half a year at the Norwegian Museum of Decorative Arts and Design. He was a curator at Stavanger Museum/Ledaal from 1947 to 1948, county curator in Østfold County Municipality from 1948 to 1967 and director of the Norwegian Museum of Decorative Arts and Design from 1967 to 1987. Important books include Moss Jernverk (1950), Herrebøe Fajance Fabrique (1959), Bygdehistorien inntil 1800 (volume two of Rygge, 1957) and Norsk pottemakeri 1600–1900 (1990).
He was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav (1976), Knight of the Order of the Lion of Finland, Commander of the Order of the Dannebrog and Order of the Polar Star.
In October 1947 he married Marit Elisabeth Olstad. In 1950 they had the son Jan-Lauritz Opstad, a museum director. Lauritz Opstad died in June 2010 in Oslo.
References
1917 births
2003 deaths
People from Sarpsborg
University of Oslo alumni
Norwegian art historians
20th-century Norwegian historians
Norwegian curators
Directors of museums in Norway
Knights of the Order of the Lion of Finland
Commanders of the Order of the Dannebrog
Commanders of the Order of the Polar Star |
Espiritu Airport is an airstrip serving the ranching settlement of Espiritu in the Beni Department of Bolivia. The nearest town to Espiritu in the sparsely populated pampa is Santa Rosa, west-southwest. There are numerous grass airstrips in the region.
See also
Transport in Bolivia
List of airports in Bolivia
References
External links
OpenStreetMap - Espiritu
HERE/Nokia - Espiritu
Airports in Beni Department |
```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>node-garden</title>
</head>
<body>
<canvas id="canvas" width="800" height="400" style="background:#45cb96;"></canvas>
<script src="../js/utils.js"></script>
<script src="../js/ball.js"></script>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas'),
context = canvas.getContext('2d'),
particles = [],
numParticles = 60,
minDist = 80,
springAmount = 0.001;
var width = canvas.width;
var height = canvas.height;
for(var i=0; i<numParticles; i++){
//var color = Math.random()*(0xffffff);
var size = Math.random()*5;
var ball = new Ball(size, "#fff");
ball.x = Math.random()*width;
ball.y = Math.random()*height;
ball.vx = Math.random()*6 - 3;
ball.vy = Math.random()*6 - 3;
particles.push(ball);
}
function gravaite(ballA, ballB){
var dx = ballB.x - ballA.x;
var dy = ballB.y - ballA.y;
var dist = Math.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy);
if (dist < minDist) {
context.save();
context.strokeStyle = "rgba(255,255,255,.3)";
context.beginPath();
context.moveTo(ballA.x, ballA.y);
context.lineTo(ballB.x, ballB.y);
context.closePath();
context.stroke();
context.restore();
var ax = dx * springAmount,
ay = dy * springAmount;
ballA.vx += ax;
ballA.vy += ay;
ballB.vx -= ax;
ballB.vy -= ay;
}
}
function move(ballA, i){
ballA.x += ballA.vx;
ballA.y += ballA.vy;
if (ballA.x > canvas.width) {
ballA.x = 0;
} else if (ballA.x < 0) {
ballA.x = canvas.width;
}
if (ballA.y > canvas.height) {
ballA.y = 0;
} else if (ballA.y < 0) {
ballA.y = canvas.height;
}
for(var ballB, j=i+1; j<numParticles; j++){
ballB = particles[j];
gravaite(ballA, ballB);
}
}
//console.log(particles);
function draw(ball){
ball.draw(context);
}
(function drawFrmae(){
window.requestAnimationFrame(drawFrmae, canvas);
context.clearRect(0, 0, width, height);
particles.forEach(move);
particles.forEach(draw);
}())
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
``` |
```javascript
/**
* Created by Hendrik Strobelt (hendrik.strobelt.com) on 1/25/17.
*/
class LSTMVis {
constructor() {
this.globalEventHandler = new SimpleEventHandler(d3.select('body').node());
this.controller = new LSTMController({eventHandler: this.globalEventHandler});
this.selectionView = new LSTMSelectionView({
controller: this.controller,
globalEventHandler: this.globalEventHandler
});
this.matchView = new LSTMMatchView({
controller: this.controller,
globalEventHandler: this.globalEventHandler
});
this.dialogHandler = new LSTMDialogHandler({
controller: this.controller,
eventHandler: this.globalEventHandler
});
this.bindGlobalEvents();
this.controller.initByUrlAndRun();
}
bindGlobalEvents() {
this.globalEventHandler.bind(LSTMController.events.windowResize, () => {
const newWidth = this.controller.windowSize.width;
this.selectionView.actionUpdateWidth(newWidth);
this.matchView.actionUpdateWidth(newWidth);
});
// --------------------------------
// -- Shrink/Expand Cell Width---
// --------------------------------
d3.select('#smaller_btn').on('click', () => {
this.controller.cellWidth = Math.max(5, this.controller.cellWidth - 5);
this.selectionView.actionUpdateCellWidth();
this.matchView.actionUpdateCellWidth();
});
d3.select('#larger_btn').on('click', () => {
this.controller.cellWidth = this.controller.cellWidth + 5;
this.selectionView.actionUpdateCellWidth();
this.matchView.actionUpdateCellWidth();
});
d3.select('#info_position').on('click',
() => this.dialogHandler.openPositionDialog());
d3.select('#info_source').on('click',
() => this.dialogHandler.openSourceDialog());
this.globalEventHandler.bind(LSTMController.events.newContextAvailable,
() => this.actionUpdateGlobalInfos())
}
actionUpdateGlobalInfos() {
const pi = this.controller.projectInfo;
d3.select('#info_position').text(this.controller.pos);
d3.select('#info_projectName').text(pi.name);
d3.select('#info_id').text(this.controller.projectID);
d3.select('#info_source').text(this.controller.source);
}
}
const lstmVis = new LSTMVis();
lstmVis;
``` |
The WNBA All-Rookie Team is an annual Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) honor given since the 2005 WNBA season to the top rookies during the regular season. Voting is conducted by the WNBA head coaches, who are not allowed to vote for players on their own team. Each coach selects five players. A player is given a point for every vote they receive. The top vote getters comprise the team, regardless of the positions they play. Through the 2021 season, this differed from the WNBA's voting procedure for the All-WNBA and All-Defensive Teams, in which all first and second teams consisted of a center, two forwards, and two guards. The WNBA has since adopted the positionless format for its All-WNBA and All-Defensive Teams, respectively adopting the format in 2022 and 2023.
The All-Rookie Team is generally composed of a five-woman lineup, but in the case of a tie at the fifth position, the roster is expanded.
Candace Parker of the Los Angeles Sparks was named to the All-Rookie Team and won the WNBA Most Valuable Player Award in the same season. This feat had never before been accomplished. In the NBA, only Wes Unseld and Wilt Chamberlain has held this distinction.
Winners
References
Awards established in 2005
All, Wnba Rookie
Rookie player awards |
HIMA! (, which in English means "NOW!"), was a youth initiative based in Yerevan, Armenia, advocating for democracy and civil rights during the last years of Armenia's former Presidents Robert Kocharyan's second term and first years of his successor, Serzh Sargsyan.
Background
HIMA! was one of the slogans of the Popular Movement (Armenian: Համաժողովրդական շարժում) launched after the Presidential Elections of February 19, 2008 which according to the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR): "Mostly met OSCE commitments and international standards in the pre-election period and during voting hours, serious challenges to some commitments did emerge, especially after election day. This displayed an insufficient regard for standards essential to democratic elections and devalued the overall election process. In particular, the vote count demonstrated deficiencies of accountability and transparency, and complaints and appeals procedures were not fully effective."Protests began when tens of thousands of supporters of the opposition presidential candidate Levon Ter-Petrossian took to the streets in downtown Yerevan on February 20 to denounce the declared election results and what they alleged to have been electoral fraud2.
It was then that the catchword HIMA! was spontaneously born. When Ter-Petrossian asked the public to leave the square in order to come back the next day and continue their non-violent protest, the demonstrators started to chant en masse “HI-MA! HI-MA! HI-MA!”, purporting that they wanted to continue their protest "NOW!" and without further delay.
The protests continued peacefully at Freedom Square for the next 10 days, with many demonstrators camping out on the square in tents (2). Eventually, the slogan became widely popular due to the 24-hour-long protests at Freedom Square and other political marches during the period of February 21 thru March 1.
On March 1, Armenian security forces violently dispersed the crowd. According to official information, 31 persons (police and protesters) were injured. Later that day, protesters re-gathered and disturbances took place outside the French Embassy and the Yerevan City Hall. Later that day, police and security forces clashed with protesters, automatic weapons were fired, explosive devices were detonated, vehicles were set alight, and looting occurred. According to official sources 10 people died (8 protestors, 2 police officers), and some 130 injuries. President Kocharyan declared a state of emergency covering Yerevan, which among other restrictions, imposed a ban on rallies and gatherings and constrained media reporting to official information, de facto imposing censorship. According to official information, as of 19 March, 106 persons were detained and formally charged in connection with the events of 1 March.
Objectives
HIMA! youth initiative was launched in April 2008. The initiative was composed of high school and college students at different levels, graduates and post-graduates, as well as young university professors and other youth of diverse backgrounds. HIMA!’s public agenda was made up of 3 key issues that according to them hindered Armenia’s democratic prospect. These issues were the following:
1. release of the persons detained on seemingly artificial and politically motivated charges (political prisoners)
2. freedom of meetings, assemblies, rallies and demonstrations in both law and practice
3. freedom and pluralism of public television and radio on a daily basis, as well as other broadcast media; ending harassment by the tax authorities of opposition electronic and printed media outlets.
1. Post-election processes were accompanied with arrest and continuing detention of scores of persons, including more than a 100 opposition supporters and three members of parliament, some of them on seemingly artificial and politically motivated charges. This constitutes a de facto crackdown on the opposition by the authorities.
Most of the detainees are high-ranking members of opposition parties who ran Ter-Petrossian’s national and local election campaign offices. One of them, Ararat Zurabian, was the chairman of the Pan-Armenian National Movement (HHSh), the country’s former ruling party of which the ex-President remains a member. Most members of the HHSh’s governing board were also placed under arrest. Two prominent opposition leaders and Ter-Petrossian supporters- Nikol Pashinyan, the editor of “Haykakan Zhamanak”, Armenia’s best-selling daily newspaper, and Khachatur Sukiasyan, member of the National Assembly and a top figure in Armenia’s business circles, were wanted by the police.
It was HIMA!’a goal to raise awareness of the issue of political prisoners and enhance the understanding of their civil rights among the general public.
2. A few days before the expiry of the state of emergency, on 17 March 2008, following a proposal by the government, the National Assembly, in an extraordinary session, adopted a series of amendments to the Law on Conducting Meetings, Assemblies, Rallies and Demonstrations which considerably limit the right of freedom of assembly and give great discretionary powers to the authorities to prohibit political rallies and demonstrations. Since these amendments “run counter to European standards, as enshrined, inter alia, in Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights” and Armenia’s Constitution, HIMA! actively spreads alertness of the violation of basic human rights through non-violent actions that are mainly targeted at government officials and parliament members behind these amendments.
3. There exists a general lack of diversity in the political viewpoints aired by the main broadcast media. Public opinion is not adequately informed through the exchange of political opinion and debate, for example, or through journalistic investigation, commentary and analysis. Along with this, “tax authorities have launched a rare financial inspection of Armenia’s leading newspapers critical of the government, sparking fears of renewed government restrictions on the local press”. Namely, opposition newspapers “Chorrord Ishkhanutyun”, “Zhamanak Yerevan”, “Haykakan Zhamanak” and “Aravot” were raided by the tax inspectors in March 2008. The Armenian Tax Service had already sparked controversy when it inspected the books of the Gyumri-based TV station GALA last October shortly after the latter broke ranks to provide airtime to Ter-Petrossian. GALA was subsequently fined almost 27 million drams ($87,000) for alleged tax evasion and other violations. A Gyumri court endorsed the fraud accusations on March 19. The cash-strapped broadcaster paid the hefty penalty only after a week-long fund-raising campaign. Even though there is a pluralistic and independent print media, the current level of control by the authorities of the electronic media and their regulatory bodies, as well as the absence of a truly independent and pluralist public broadcaster, impede the creation of a pluralistic media environment and further exacerbate the lack of public trust in the political system.
HIMA! youth initiative, understanding the power of media, started an extensive campaign with a goal to raise the level of critique of broadcast media among the public and boost the number of newspaper readers, since newspapers are, on the whole, out of reach of authorities’ control and regulation.
HIMA!'s tactics of non-violent struggle
HIMA!, predominantly composed of open-minded and tolerant youth, denies the use of violence in socio-political struggle, and is inclined to exercising a variety of non-violent tactics that either are the product of HIMA!'s creative minds, or were successfully applied by other struggle groups in other countries in the past. Among the tactics are use of symbols, symbolic sounds, performances of music, mock marches and parades, caricatures, boycott and ostracism of certain local "celebrities" and other public figures, boycott of certain consumer products, hunger strikes, group petitions, mock awards, disturbing of officials. Examples of non-violent actions by HIMA! include the live concert at the Northern Avenue, Downtown Yerevan, symbolically titled "Ticket to the Prison" ("Berdi Putevka"), performing serenades dedicated to freedom of assemblies and protests by the window of the Speaker of National Assembly, mock marches dressed in prisoners' uniforms and so on.
HIMA! cooperates with different social groups and organizations that are aimed at advocating human rights and shifting Armenia's democracy. Among these groups are "Women for Peace" NGO, "Hatuk Gund" Youth Movement, "Young Conservatives" NGO, Armenian Women's Movement and many others.
See also
Corruption in Armenia
Media freedom in Armenia
Social issues in Armenia
References
1. Final Report on the 19 February 2008 Presidential Elections in Armenia (http://www.osce.org/documents/odihr/2008/05/31397_en.pdf)
2. Armenia: Civilians Die as Police Suppress Demonstrations and Riots (https://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2008/03/02/armeni18190.htm)
3. Functioning of democratic institutions in Armenia, Resolution 1609, 17 April 2008, PACE
4. More Ter-Petrosian Supporters Arrested - (http://www.hra.am/eng/?page=issue&id=17898)
5. Armenian Papers Inspected By Taxmen - (http://www.hra.am/eng/?page=issue&id=17992)
6. HIMA Youth Initiative Armenian web-site - (http://www.himaam.info)
7. HIMA Youth Initiative English Blog - (http://himaarmenia.wordpress.com/)
Youth organizations based in Armenia
Yerevan |
Lewandowski (; feminine Lewandowska, plural Lewandowscy) is a Polish-language surname. In other languages it may be transliterated as Lewandowsky, Levandovski, Levandovsky, Levandovskyy, Levandoski, Levandovskiy.
It is the seventh most common surname in Poland (93,404 people in 2009).
It is derived from the place name Lewandów, itself derived from the Old Polish word lewanda – 'lavender' (lawenda in modern Polish). It is most frequent in mid-northern Poland, making up as much as 1.1% of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship's population (the record of Poland). The surname was recorded for the first time in 1673, although Lavendowski, which is probably its variant, is known since 1608.
People
Lewandowski
Adolph J. Lewandowski (1905–1961), American football and basketball coach
Corey Lewandowski (born 1973), American political consultant
Edmund Lewandowski (1914–1998), American artist
Eduard Lewandowski (born 1980), German ice hockey player
Gina Lewandowski (born 1985), American soccer player
Grzegorz Lewandowski (born 1969), Polish footballer
Janusz Lewandowski (born 1951), Polish economist and politician
Janusz Lewandowski (1931–2013), Polish diplomat
Jozef Lewandowski (1923–2007), Polish-Swedish historian and writer
Konrad T. Lewandowski (born 1966), Polish writer
Louis Lewandowski (1821–1894), German composer
Marcin Lewandowski (born 1987), Polish middle distance runner
Mariusz Lewandowski (born 1979), Polish footballer
Mateusz Lewandowski (born 1993), Polish footballer
Michał Lewandowski (born 1996), Polish footballer
Michel Lewandowski (1914–1990), French footballer
Przemysław Lewandowski (born 1975) Polish rower
Ricardo Lewandowski (born 1948), Minister of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil
Robert Lewandowski (born 1988), Polish footballer
Sascha Lewandowski (1971–2016), German football manager
Brothers Lewandowski, royal court merchants to the Bavarian court for lingerie
Levandowski
Anthony Levandowski (born 1980), American engineer
Lewandowsky
Max Lewandowsky (1876–1916), German neurologist
Felix Lewandowsky (1879–1921), German dermatologist
Stephan Lewandowsky (born 1958), Australian psychologist
Via Lewandowsky (born 1963), German artist
Klaus Lewandowsky (born 1937), West German sprint canoer
Lewandowska
Iwona Lewandowska (born 1985), Polish athlete
Janina Lewandowska (1908–1940), Polish pilot
Sandra Lewandowska (born 1977), Polish politician
Sylwia Lewandowska (born 1991), Polish rower
Other
Mikhail Levandovsky (1890–1938), Soviet military leader
References
Polish-language surnames |
The Johnston Brothers were a vocal group who had a No. 1 hit in the UK Singles Chart in 1955 with their cover version of "Hernando's Hideaway".
The group was formed by Johnny Johnston (born John Harold Johnston, 10 July 1919 – 10 June 1998, London). He had formed a music publishing company, Michael Reine Music, in London in 1946, and was used by the BBC Light Programme radio channel as a singer and arranger. His first big success was to write and perform, with his vocal quartet The Keynotes, the theme to the successful comedy series Take It From Here in 1948. The Keynotes remained a popular singing group in the United Kingdom throughout the 1950s, winning several awards but having no hit records.
In 1949, Johnston formed an all-male singing trio, The Johnston Brothers, the other members being Alan Dean, Eddie Lester and Canadian singer Denny Vaughan (who died in 1972). They won a recording contract with Decca Records, and had their first UK Top 10 hit in 1953 with "Oh Happy Day". In November 1955, their version of "Hernando's Hideaway", from the movie The Pajama Game, reached the number one spot for two weeks, beating off the American versions by both Johnnie Ray and Archie Bleyer. The Johnston Brothers had a number of smaller follow-up hits in the UK, including the medley "Join in And Sing Again" (1955) and "Heart" (1957), and also recorded with Joan Regan. They provided backing for the British vocalist, Suzi Miller, on their UK No. 14 joint hit, "Happy Days and Lonely Nights" in 1955.
By 1956, Johnston had established Johnny Johnston Jingles Ltd., which was responsible for hundreds of advertising jingles in the early years of British commercial television, including "A million housewives every day pick up a can of beans and say – Beanz Meanz Heinz!", "You can be sure of Shell", and the first ever colour TV commercial in Britain, for Birds Eye peas in 1969.
References
External links
Obituary of Johnny Johnston
English pop music groups
British vocal groups |
Kluski czarne or (black dumplings), also known as kluski polskie (Polish dumplings) or kluski żelazne (iron dumplings), are a variety of dumplings popular in Silesia. In addition to minced potatoes and flour, the dough contains also potato starch, which adds to its colour.
They differ from the Silesian white dumplings in that they are usually not made with mashed cooked potatoes, but with grated raw potatoes. Both black and white dumplings are served at weddings and other traditional feasts in Silesia. According to tradition, they should be served in odd numbers.
References
Silesian cuisine
Dumplings |
The Minor Basilica and National Shrine of the Black Nazarene, popularly known as Quiapo Church and canonically as the Saint John the Baptist Parish, is a prominent basilica in the district of Quiapo in the city of Manila, Philippines. It is the home of the Black Nazarene, a dark statue of Jesus Christ said to be miraculous. The basilica is under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Manila under the Vicariate of José de Trozo and its current rector is Rufino C. Sescon, Jr.
History
Early churches
The earliest church, built by missionaries of the Order of Friars Minor, was made of bamboo for the frame and nipa leaves as thatching. In 1574, Limahong and his soldiers destroyed and burned the church. Formerly a visita (chapel-of-ease) of Santa Ana, the Franciscan friar Antonio de Nombella founded the church in 1588 which was dedicated to Saint John the Baptist, the forerunner of Christ. It burned down in 1603 and the parish was temporarily turned over to the Jesuits until secular clergy objected. Governor-General Santiago de Vera initiated the full construction of the church in 1686. On April 8, 1639, the administration of the church was returned to the seculars who had always taking care of the church's welfare.
During the Seven Years' War, the British attempted to destroy the church in 1762 as they invaded Manila. An earthquake in 1863 destroyed the church and in its place a temporary church was built. Eusebio de León later reconstructed the ruined church in 1879, completing the structure in 1889 with the assistance of Manuel Roxas. Roxas had raised the unprecedented amount of ₱40,000.00 from donations and lay contributions. In 1929, the church caught fire again, in which the church's wooden ceiling and sacristy were destroyed.
Present church
In 1933, Magdaleno Castillo began the reconstruction of the church from the plan prepared by National Artist of the Philippines architect Juan Nakpil – son of composer Julio Nakpil. He added the church's dome and a second belfry to balance out the façade. The reconstructed church, made of reinforced concrete, was completed in 1935. During World War II, parts of Quiapo were destroyed except for Quiapo Church.
Msgr. José Abriol appointed architect José María Zaragoza and engineer Eduardo Santiago to expand the church in order to accommodate more devotees. The church was expanded from 1984 to 1986, with several changes made to the building. Despite the project being controversial, it did not affect the popularity of the church. Cardinal Jaime Sin, then-Archbishop of Manila, reconsecrated the church on September 28, 1987. On December 11 of the same year, Pope John Paul II issued papal bull , elevating the church as a minor basilica. It was solemnly declared a basilica on February 1, 1988, by Papal Nuncio to the Philippines, Archbishop Bruno Torpigliani, who also blessed the altar of Saint Lorenzo Ruíz on that day.
In 2006, the church celebrated the quadricentennial anniversary of the arrival of the image of the Black Nazarene in the Philippines. As part of the celebrations, a jubilee wall was set up at the entrance gate where devotees would post and write their personal testimonials on their faith and devotion to the Black Nazarene.
On May 10, 2023, Archbishop of Manila and Cardinal Jose Advincula granted the petition to elevate the basilica as an archdiocesan shrine. The declaration was announced by the vicar general of the archdiocese, Reginald Malicdem, on May 31 (coinciding with the Feast of the Visitation of Mary). Two months later, in July 2023, the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines conferred the title of national shrine to the basilica.
Architecture
Built in the Baroque style, Quiapo Church's façade is distinctive with twisted columns on both levels. The Corinthian columns of the second level has a third of its shaft twisted near the base, while the upper portion has a smooth surface. The topmost portion of the four-storey belfries are rimmed with balustrades and decorated with huge scrolls. The tympanum of the pediment has a pair of chalice-shaped finials, and towards the end of the raking cornice, urn-like vases mark the end of the pediment. A quatrefoil window in the center of the pediment was sealed up in the late 1980s and replaced with a relief of the crossed keys and tiara of the pope – a symbol of its status as a minor basilica.
During its expansion, changes to the building were made, such as the removal of the ornate exposed trusses, the removal of the interior columns to create an expansive columnless structure, and the realignment of the perimeter walls. Even though Zaragoza did not tamper the facade and altar area, this received criticisms like comparing the new interior with a basketball court. Only the façade, the dome, the transept, and the apse retained the classic design.
Devotion to the Black Nazarene
The masses go to Quiapo Church in downtown Plaza Miranda and drop a visit to the Nuestro Señor Jesús Nazareno (a dark figure of Christ carved by a Mexican artist from black wood) whose image, reputedly miraculous, was brought to the country in a Spanish galleon in the 17th century.
Quiapo Church holds a novena every Friday, Quiapo Day, in honor of the Black Nazarene, and is attended by thousands of devotees. A note is sounded before the novena begins as the devotees to the Black Nazarene troop in and emit their strings of petitions. One can encounter the traditional folk Catholicism of Filipinos when they all climb the narrow flight of stairs to kiss the Señor's foot or wipe it with their handkerchiefs they use every time they visit.
The Feast of the Black Nazarene on January 9 celebrates the traslación (solemn translation) of the statue to the church from the Church of Saint Nicholas Tolentino. Traffic is re-routed round the devotees who participate in this district's fiesta. There are men who are devoted to carry the Black Nazarene statue around a specific route. They have a panata, a vow to serve the Lord in this sacrifice. These people believed that an afternoon's participation in the procession can repent their sins and shady deals in a year.
Abortifacients sold by private vendors
The vicinity of the church is a popular area for peddlers of unsafe abortifacients, local gastric irritants and untested herbal folk (potions) remedies. The merchandise are anonymously sold from stalls surrounding the Basilica and the Plaza Miranda fronting it. Abortion is illegal in the Philippines, and individuals who cannot afford the surgical procedure resort to these vendors.
The media often covers stories of dead fetuses being abandoned outside of the church's Blessed Sacrament chapel, a practice condemned by the Archdiocese of Manila. Cardinal Gaudencio Rosales has issued several canonical excommunications for women who perform intentional abortion in relation to such practices near the shrine, as ruled by the Latae Sententiae punishment by the Roman Catholic Church. The fetuses covered by the Filipino TV media are often left anonymously wrapped in sack-cloth or plain boxes.
Gallery
See also
List of Catholic basilicas
Notes
References
External links
Minor Basilica and National Shrine of the Black Nazarene
History of Quiapo
Veneration of the Black Nazarene in Quiapo
Quiapo Surviving 400 Years
Devotion to the Black Nazarene: A Pastoral Understanding by Msgr. Jose Clemente F. Ignacio
Roman Catholic churches in Manila
Basilica churches in the Philippines
Roman Catholic national shrines in the Philippines
Buildings and structures in Quiapo, Manila
Cultural Properties of the Philippines in Metro Manila
Baroque church buildings in the Philippines
1588 establishments in the Spanish Empire
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1986
20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the Philippines
Churches in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila |
A gerah () is an ancient Hebrew unit of weight and currency, which, according to the Torah (Exodus 30:13, Leviticus 27:25, Numbers 3:47, 18:16), was equivalent to of a standard "sacred" shekel.
A gerah is known in Aramaic, and usually in Rabbinic literature, as a ma'ah (מעה; Mishnah Hebrew pl. ma'ot "מעות" which means "coins"). It was originally a fifth of a denarius or zuz, as seen in the Torah and in Ezekiel (45:12), then became a sixth of a dinar/zuz, such as the coinage of Persian-era Yehud, which came in two denominations: approximately 0.58 gram for the ma'ah and approximately .29 gram for the half ma'ah (chatzi ma'ah). .58 × 6 = 3.48 grams, which is about the weight of a zuz/denarius based on a 14 gram shekel.
The Mishnah (1:1) and Jerusalem Talmud (1:4) in Shekalim discuss whether the kalbon (agio) which was sometimes required to be added to the half shekel annually levied for the Temple, was a "ma'ah" or a "chatzi ma'ah" (half ma'ah).
See also
Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement
List of historical currencies
Yehud coinage
Zuz
Shekel
References
Exodus 30:13
Book of Leviticus 27:25
Book of Numbers 3:47
Talmud |
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