text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
```java
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package com.yanzhenjie.permission;
import android.os.Build;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.install.InstallRequest;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.install.NRequestFactory;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.install.ORequestFactory;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.notify.Notify;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.notify.option.NotifyOption;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.option.Option;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.overlay.LRequestFactory;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.overlay.MRequestFactory;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.overlay.OverlayRequest;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.runtime.Runtime;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.runtime.option.RuntimeOption;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.setting.Setting;
import com.yanzhenjie.permission.source.Source;
/**
* Created by Zhenjie Yan on 2018/4/28.
*/
public class Boot implements Option {
private static final InstallRequestFactory INSTALL_REQUEST_FACTORY;
private static final OverlayRequestFactory OVERLAY_REQUEST_FACTORY;
static {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
INSTALL_REQUEST_FACTORY = new ORequestFactory();
} else {
INSTALL_REQUEST_FACTORY = new NRequestFactory();
}
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
OVERLAY_REQUEST_FACTORY = new MRequestFactory();
} else {
OVERLAY_REQUEST_FACTORY = new LRequestFactory();
}
}
public interface InstallRequestFactory {
/**
* Create apk installer request.
*/
InstallRequest create(Source source);
}
public interface OverlayRequestFactory {
/**
* Create overlay request.
*/
OverlayRequest create(Source source);
}
private Source mSource;
public Boot(Source source) {
this.mSource = source;
}
@Override
public RuntimeOption runtime() {
return new Runtime(mSource);
}
@Override
public InstallRequest install() {
return INSTALL_REQUEST_FACTORY.create(mSource);
}
@Override
public OverlayRequest overlay() {
return OVERLAY_REQUEST_FACTORY.create(mSource);
}
@Override
public NotifyOption notification() {
return new Notify(mSource);
}
@Override
public Setting setting() {
return new Setting(mSource);
}
}
``` |
Ajdin Drina (born 22 March 2004) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for First League of FBiH club Radnik Hadžići on loan from Velež Mostar.
Club career
Velež Mostar
On 29 November 2021, Drina signed a contract with Velež Mostar until 2026. In December 2021, he made his debut against hometown club Sarajevo.
Loan to Jedinstvo Bihać
In August 2022, Drina was sent on loan to Jedinstvo Bihać until the end of the calendar year.
Career statistics
Club
Honours
Velež Mostar
Bosnian Cup: 2021–22
References
2004 births
Living people
Footballers from Sarajevo
Bosnia and Herzegovina men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
FK Velež Mostar players
NK Jedinstvo Bihać players
FK Radnik Hadžići players
Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina players
First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina players |
Pinotta is an idillio or opera in 2 acts by Pietro Mascagni from an Italian libretto by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti. The opera received its first performance on 23 March 1932 at the Teatro del Casinò in San Remo.
Pinotta is based on two youthful works of Mascagni: his cantata In Filanda (1881) which was combined with the song La tua stelle (1882). The libretto was written by Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti, a long-time collaborator of the composer, and tells the love story of Baldo, a worker, and Pinotta, a young hand-spinner in Andrea's workshop. In the end, Baldo and Pinotta get married. The opera was successful and had several other performances in Italy (Florence, Naples, Rome, Turin). Today, Pinotta is rarely performed.
Roles
Recordings
There exist only two live recordings of Pinotta:
1974: Maria Luisa Cioni (Pinotta), Giuseppe Vertechi (Baldo), Lino Puglisi (Andrea) – RAI Orchestra, Gennaro D'Angelo – Unique Opera Records Co.
1995: Gloria Guida Borelli (Pinotta), Antonio De Palma (Baldo), Thomas Mürk (Andrea) – Orchestra Festival di Bruxelles, – Bongiovanni
References
Italian-language operas
1932 operas
Operas by Pietro Mascagni
Operas |
```css
@import "../../css/colors.css";
.spinner {
width: 1.25rem;
height: 1.25rem;
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
border-radius: 50%;
border-width: .1875rem;
border-style: solid;
border-color: $ui-white-transparent;
box-sizing: content-box;
}
.spinner::before, .spinner::after {
width: 1.25rem;
height: 1.25rem;
content: '';
border-radius: 50%;
display: block;
}
.spinner::after {
position: absolute;
top: -.1875rem;
left: -.1875rem;
border: .1875rem solid transparent;
border-top-color: $ui-white;
animation: spin 1.5s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.1, 0.4, 1) infinite;
}
.small {
width: .5rem;
height: .5rem;
}
.small::before, .small::after {
width: .5rem;
height: .5rem;
}
.large {
width: 2.5rem;
height: 2.5rem;
}
.large::before, .large::after {
width: 2.5rem;
height: 2.5rem;
}
@keyframes spin {
0% {
transform: rotate(0deg);
}
100% {
transform: rotate(360deg);
}
}
.spinner.success {
border-color: $extensions-transparent;
}
.spinner.success::after {
border-top-color: $extensions-primary;
}
.spinner.warn {
border-color: $error-transparent;
}
.spinner.warn::after {
border-top-color: $error-primary;
}
.spinner.info {
border-color: $ui-white-transparent;
}
.spinner.info::after {
border-top-color: $ui-white;
}
.spinner.primary {
border-color: $looks-transparent;
}
.spinner.primary::after {
border-top-color: $looks-secondary;
}
``` |
```go
// Unless explicitly stated otherwise all files in this repository are licensed
// This product includes software developed at Datadog (path_to_url
//go:build linux
// Package resolvers holds resolvers related files
package resolvers
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"os"
"sort"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-go/v5/statsd"
manager "github.com/DataDog/ebpf-manager"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/comp/core/telemetry"
workloadmeta "github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/comp/core/workloadmeta/def"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/process/procutil"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/config"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/probe/erpc"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/probe/managerhelper"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/cgroup"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/container"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/dentry"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/hash"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/mount"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/netns"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/path"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/process"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/sbom"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/selinux"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/syscallctx"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/tags"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/tc"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/time"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/usergroup"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/resolvers/usersessions"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/security/utils"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/util/log"
"github.com/DataDog/datadog-agent/pkg/util/optional"
)
// EBPFResolvers holds the list of the event attribute resolvers
type EBPFResolvers struct {
manager *manager.Manager
MountResolver mount.ResolverInterface
ContainerResolver *container.Resolver
TimeResolver *time.Resolver
UserGroupResolver *usergroup.Resolver
TagsResolver tags.Resolver
DentryResolver *dentry.Resolver
ProcessResolver *process.EBPFResolver
NamespaceResolver *netns.Resolver
CGroupResolver *cgroup.Resolver
TCResolver *tc.Resolver
PathResolver path.ResolverInterface
SBOMResolver *sbom.Resolver
HashResolver *hash.Resolver
UserSessionsResolver *usersessions.Resolver
SyscallCtxResolver *syscallctx.Resolver
}
// NewEBPFResolvers creates a new instance of EBPFResolvers
func NewEBPFResolvers(config *config.Config, manager *manager.Manager, statsdClient statsd.ClientInterface, scrubber *procutil.DataScrubber, eRPC *erpc.ERPC, opts Opts, wmeta optional.Option[workloadmeta.Component], telemetry telemetry.Component) (*EBPFResolvers, error) {
dentryResolver, err := dentry.NewResolver(config.Probe, statsdClient, eRPC)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
timeResolver, err := time.NewResolver()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
tcResolver := tc.NewResolver(config.Probe)
namespaceResolver, err := netns.NewResolver(config.Probe, manager, statsdClient, tcResolver)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
var sbomResolver *sbom.Resolver
if config.RuntimeSecurity.SBOMResolverEnabled {
sbomResolver, err = sbom.NewSBOMResolver(config.RuntimeSecurity, statsdClient, wmeta)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
var tagsResolver tags.Resolver
if opts.TagsResolver != nil {
tagsResolver = opts.TagsResolver
} else {
tagsResolver = tags.NewResolver(config.Probe, telemetry)
}
cgroupsResolver, err := cgroup.NewResolver(tagsResolver)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
userGroupResolver, err := usergroup.NewResolver(cgroupsResolver)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if config.RuntimeSecurity.SBOMResolverEnabled {
if err := cgroupsResolver.RegisterListener(cgroup.CGroupDeleted, sbomResolver.OnCGroupDeletedEvent); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if err := cgroupsResolver.RegisterListener(cgroup.WorkloadSelectorResolved, sbomResolver.OnWorkloadSelectorResolvedEvent); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
if err := cgroupsResolver.RegisterListener(cgroup.CGroupDeleted, userGroupResolver.OnCGroupDeletedEvent); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
var mountResolver mount.ResolverInterface
var pathResolver path.ResolverInterface
if opts.PathResolutionEnabled {
// Force the use of redemption for now, as it seems that the kernel reference counter on mounts used to remove mounts is not working properly.
// This means that we can remove mount entries that are still in use.
mountResolver, err = mount.NewResolver(statsdClient, cgroupsResolver, mount.ResolverOpts{UseProcFS: true})
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
pathResolver = path.NewResolver(dentryResolver, mountResolver)
} else {
mountResolver = &mount.NoOpResolver{}
pathResolver = &path.NoOpResolver{}
}
containerResolver := &container.Resolver{}
processOpts := process.NewResolverOpts()
processOpts.WithEnvsValue(config.Probe.EnvsWithValue)
if opts.TTYFallbackEnabled {
processOpts.WithTTYFallbackEnabled()
}
processResolver, err := process.NewEBPFResolver(manager, config.Probe, statsdClient,
scrubber, containerResolver, mountResolver, cgroupsResolver, userGroupResolver, timeResolver, pathResolver, processOpts)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
hashResolver, err := hash.NewResolver(config.RuntimeSecurity, statsdClient, cgroupsResolver)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
userSessionsResolver, err := usersessions.NewResolver(config.RuntimeSecurity.UserSessionsCacheSize)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
resolvers := &EBPFResolvers{
manager: manager,
MountResolver: mountResolver,
ContainerResolver: containerResolver,
TimeResolver: timeResolver,
UserGroupResolver: userGroupResolver,
TagsResolver: tagsResolver,
DentryResolver: dentryResolver,
NamespaceResolver: namespaceResolver,
CGroupResolver: cgroupsResolver,
TCResolver: tcResolver,
ProcessResolver: processResolver,
PathResolver: pathResolver,
SBOMResolver: sbomResolver,
HashResolver: hashResolver,
UserSessionsResolver: userSessionsResolver,
SyscallCtxResolver: syscallctx.NewResolver(),
}
return resolvers, nil
}
// Start the resolvers
func (r *EBPFResolvers) Start(ctx context.Context) error {
if err := r.ProcessResolver.Start(ctx); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := r.TagsResolver.Start(ctx); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := r.DentryResolver.Start(r.manager); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := r.SyscallCtxResolver.Start(r.manager); err != nil {
return err
}
r.CGroupResolver.Start(ctx)
if r.SBOMResolver != nil {
if err := r.SBOMResolver.Start(ctx); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if err := r.UserSessionsResolver.Start(r.manager); err != nil {
return err
}
return r.NamespaceResolver.Start(ctx)
}
// Snapshot collects data on the current state of the system to populate user space and kernel space caches.
func (r *EBPFResolvers) Snapshot() error {
if err := r.snapshot(); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to snapshot processes: %w", err)
}
r.ProcessResolver.SetState(process.Snapshotted)
r.NamespaceResolver.SetState(process.Snapshotted)
selinuxStatusMap, err := managerhelper.Map(r.manager, "selinux_enforce_status")
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to snapshot SELinux: %w", err)
}
if err := selinux.SnapshotSELinux(selinuxStatusMap); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
// snapshot internal version of Snapshot. Calls the relevant resolvers to sync their caches.
func (r *EBPFResolvers) snapshot() error {
// List all processes, to trigger the process and mount snapshots
processes, err := utils.GetProcesses()
if err != nil {
return err
}
// make sure to insert them in the creation time order
sort.Slice(processes, func(i, j int) bool {
procA := processes[i]
procB := processes[j]
createA, err := procA.CreateTime()
if err != nil {
return processes[i].Pid < processes[j].Pid
}
createB, err := procB.CreateTime()
if err != nil {
return processes[i].Pid < processes[j].Pid
}
if createA == createB {
return processes[i].Pid < processes[j].Pid
}
return createA < createB
})
for _, proc := range processes {
ppid, err := proc.Ppid()
if err != nil {
continue
}
pid := uint32(proc.Pid)
if process.IsKThread(uint32(ppid), pid) {
continue
}
// Start with the mount resolver because the process resolver might need it to resolve paths
if err = r.MountResolver.SyncCache(pid); err != nil {
if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
log.Debugf("snapshot failed for %d: couldn't sync mount points: %s", proc.Pid, err)
}
continue
}
// Sync the process cache
r.ProcessResolver.SyncCache(proc)
// Sync the namespace cache
r.NamespaceResolver.SyncCache(pid)
}
return nil
}
// Close cleans up any underlying resolver that requires a cleanup
func (r *EBPFResolvers) Close() error {
// clean up the handles in netns resolver
r.NamespaceResolver.Close()
// clean up the dentry resolver eRPC segment
if err := r.DentryResolver.Close(); err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return err
}
return nil
}
``` |
Ted Turner is an American media mogul and philanthropist.
Ted Turner may also refer to:
Ted Turner (guitarist) (born 1950), guitarist and vocalist
Ted Turner (baseball) (1892–1958), Major League Baseball pitcher
Ted Turner (footballer) (1921–1981), Australian rules footballer
Teddy Turner (actor) (1917–1992), English actor
See also
Edward Turner (disambiguation) |
Hinduism in Kazakhstan is represented mainly by the ISKCON followers and by expatriate Hindus from India. The Census in Kazhakhstan doesn't recognize Hinduism. According to an estimate, there are about 500 Hare Krishna devotees in Kazakhstan. There were about 801 Hindus in Kazakhstan in 2010 according to ARDA. As of 2020, there were about 1878 Hindus in Kazakhstan.
Recently, the decision of the Kazakh government to raze the Hindu temple created a big controversy.
Community in Kazakhstan
The Indian community in Central Asia consists mainly of students, businessmen, workers, and representatives/employees of Indian or foreign companies. There is a respectable presence of managers, entrepreneurs and traders.
Out of the total diaspora of 2732, 1127 persons are stationed in Kazakhstan. 900 are medical students. About 127 workers/managers are employed by Ispat International, a Soviet era steel plant which was taken over by the NRI businessman Lakshmi Mittal. The plant, now called Ispat Karmet under Indian management, is a major success story.
Indians also play an important role in other commercial activities and sectors such as pharmaceuticals. Besides Ispat Karmet, the following Indian companies have representatives in Kazakhstan – Ajanta Pharma Ltd, Dr. Reddy's Labs, Ranbaxy, Core, Lupin, IPCA and USV. In addition, a project for setting up a mobile heating unit in Kazakhstan has been commissioned with ITEC funding.
The Indian Cultural Centre in Almaty is active in projecting Indian culture. Several Indian cultural festivals have been held in Kazakhstan.
The committee feels that the Indian community in Central Asia is bound to grow in view of its strategic and economic importance. The recommendations of the committee would also apply, mutatis mutandis, to this region.
ISKCON in Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan recognised Hare Krishna, a form of Hinduism, as an official religious movement in 2002 Worldwide Religious News.
Hare Krishna community now has only two of their 10 currently registered communities – in Astana and in the commercial capital Almaty - more than 50 members.
Thirty Hare Krishna families, most of them Kazakh citizens, lived in about 60 summer huts in Almaty.
Although the Hare Krishna movement was registered at the national and local levels, leaders reported continuing harassment by the local government in the form of repeated lawsuits seeking confiscation of land in Almaty Oblast used as a communal farm. In April 2006 an appeals court upheld a lower court decision that the land should revert to the Karasai regional akimat (equivalent to a county government), because the farmer from whom Hare Krishna followers had purchased the land in 1999 did not hold title, and thus the land had not been properly privatized. On April 25, 2006, local officials went to the commune to evict the followers. Hare Krishna followers peacefully resisted and local authorities did not escalate the situation through force. The Hare Krishnas claimed that the local government targeted the commune because they were a nontraditional religious community. They cited statements by local officials, such as an April 25, 2006, interview with Channel 31 in which a Karasai akimat official stated that the Hare Krishnas were "not accepted as a religion," and that they were dangerous for the country. Independent religious observers, however, believed that the cases are motivated primarily by a financial interest in the land, the value of which has appreciated significantly since 1999. Human rights advocates and international observers brought the issue to the attention of national officials. At the end of the reporting period, the Government had not evicted the residents from the commune and the Hare Krishnas' appeal was pending before the Supreme Court.
Prior to the land confiscation lawsuits, the Hare Krishnas reported tense relations with Karasai akimat authorities, which they believe resulted in the community being subject to frequent inspections. In 2004 the Hare Krishna commune was the subject of eleven inspections by different government agencies including the police, fire protection service, sanitary agency, environment protection agency, and land committee, and subsequently fined for various violations. According to the US State Department, the Hare Krishnas admitted several violations, which they attempted to rectify, but maintained that they had been subjected to closer scrutiny than their neighbors.
See also
Persecution of Hindus
References
External links
Hindu’s Problem in Kazakhstan
Video of demolition
International Religious Freedom Report 2006 Kazakhstan
Hinduism in Kazakhstan
Hinduism by country
Hinduism in Asia |
Barneveld is a town in the Dutch province of Gelderland and also the administrative center of the eponymous municipality.
Transport
Barneveld is served by Connexxion at three train stations. Barneveld Centrum is in the centre of Barneveld and the Barneveld Noord railway station in the village of Harselaar, where there is a Park & Ride facility and Barneveld Zuid railway station in the newly constructed area known as Veller
Barneveld is also connected by the A1 and A30 motorways, as well as provincial roads N301, N344, N800, N802, and N805.
Economy
Due to the central geographic location of the city and its close proximity to major transport routes Barneveld has become a foundry for innovative industry. Moba, the world's largest manufacturer of egg grading and packing machines. Baan was a longtime leader in the ERP market before it almost collapsed due to "creative" revenue manipulation. Bettink Service en Onderhoud, which is the biggest brand independent wind turbine service company in the Netherlands. Eltomation, which has been involved in the development and worldwide supply of over 160 complete plants and projects for the production of Cement Bonded Boards. EeStairs, that created a DNA-inspired staircase and designed a space-saving stair solution that fits into a tiny 3-foot-by-3-foot space. Paperfoam, a company that is specialised in environmental friendly packaging with a very low carbon footprint. Other locally well known companies are Vink, De Heus, founded in Barneveld, current HQ in Ede, Netherlands and the Royal BDU Publishing.
Education
There are 3 secondary schools in Barneveld:
De Meerwaarde
Notable residents
Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn (1851–1922), astronomer
Eduard Daniel van Oort (1876–1933), ornithologist
Egbert Adriaan Kreiken (1896–1964), teacher and astronomer
Jaap Romijn (born 1943), custom furniture maker, illustrator and father of American actress Rebecca Romijn
Conny van Bentum (born 1965), freestyle swimmer
Alfred Schreuder (born 1972), footballer and football coach
Sander van de Streek (born 1993), footballer
Gert Van Hoef (born 1994), international organist
See also
De Hoeksteen, Barneveld (church)
Barnevelder
Barneveldse Krant
Camp Barneveld
References
Barneveld (municipality)
Populated places in Gelderland |
```css
.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar{background-color:#dd4b39}.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .nav>li>a{color:#fff}.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .nav>li>a:hover,.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .nav>li>a:active,.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .nav>li>a:focus,.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .nav .open>a,.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .nav .open>a:hover,.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .nav .open>a:focus,.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .nav>.active>a{background:rgba(0,0,0,0.1);color:#f6f6f6}.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .sidebar-toggle{color:#fff}.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .sidebar-toggle:hover{color:#f6f6f6;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.1)}.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .sidebar-toggle{color:#fff}.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .sidebar-toggle:hover{background-color:#d73925}@media (max-width:767px){.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .dropdown-menu li.divider{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.1)}.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .dropdown-menu li a{color:#fff}.skin-red-light .main-header .navbar .dropdown-menu li a:hover{background:#d73925}}.skin-red-light .main-header .logo{background-color:#dd4b39;color:#fff;border-bottom:0 solid transparent}.skin-red-light .main-header .logo:hover{background-color:#dc4735}.skin-red-light .main-header li.user-header{background-color:#dd4b39}.skin-red-light .content-header{background:transparent}.skin-red-light .wrapper,.skin-red-light .main-sidebar,.skin-red-light .left-side{background-color:#f9fafc}.skin-red-light .content-wrapper,.skin-red-light .main-footer{border-left:1px solid #d2d6de}.skin-red-light .user-panel>.info,.skin-red-light .user-panel>.info>a{color:#444}.skin-red-light .sidebar-menu>li{-webkit-transition:border-left-color .3s ease;-o-transition:border-left-color .3s ease;transition:border-left-color .3s ease}.skin-red-light .sidebar-menu>li.header{color:#848484;background:#f9fafc}.skin-red-light .sidebar-menu>li>a{border-left:3px solid transparent;font-weight:600}.skin-red-light .sidebar-menu>li:hover>a,.skin-red-light .sidebar-menu>li.active>a{color:#000;background:#f4f4f5}.skin-red-light .sidebar-menu>li.active{border-left-color:#dd4b39}.skin-red-light .sidebar-menu>li.active>a{font-weight:600}.skin-red-light .sidebar-menu>li>.treeview-menu{background:#f4f4f5}.skin-red-light .sidebar a{color:#444}.skin-red-light .sidebar a:hover{text-decoration:none}.skin-red-light .treeview-menu>li>a{color:#777}.skin-red-light .treeview-menu>li.active>a,.skin-red-light .treeview-menu>li>a:hover{color:#000}.skin-red-light .treeview-menu>li.active>a{font-weight:600}.skin-red-light .sidebar-form{border-radius:3px;border:1px solid #d2d6de;margin:10px 10px}.skin-red-light .sidebar-form input[type="text"],.skin-red-light .sidebar-form .btn{box-shadow:none;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid transparent;height:35px}.skin-red-light .sidebar-form input[type="text"]{color:#666;border-top-left-radius:2px;border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:2px}.skin-red-light .sidebar-form input[type="text"]:focus,.skin-red-light .sidebar-form input[type="text"]:focus+.input-group-btn .btn{background-color:#fff;color:#666}.skin-red-light .sidebar-form input[type="text"]:focus+.input-group-btn .btn{border-left-color:#fff}.skin-red-light .sidebar-form .btn{color:#999;border-top-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-left-radius:0}@media (min-width:768px){.skin-red-light.sidebar-mini.sidebar-collapse .sidebar-menu>li>.treeview-menu{border-left:1px solid #d2d6de}}
``` |
Amphicallia quagga is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It is found in Tanzania.
References
Endemic fauna of Tanzania
Moths described in 1909
Arctiini
Insects of Tanzania
Moths of Africa |
Joculator pupiformis is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cerithiopsidae. The species was described by Cecalupo and Perugia in 2012.
References
Gastropods described in 2012
pupiformis |
In aviation, the SHELL model (also known as the SHEL model) is a conceptual model of human factors that helps to clarify the location and cause of human error within an aviation environment.
It is named after the initial letters of its components (Software, Hardware, Environment, Liveware) and places emphasis on the human being and human interfaces with other components of the aviation system.
The SHELL model adopts a systems perspective that suggests the human is rarely, if ever, the sole cause of an accident. The systems perspective considers a variety of contextual and task-related factors that interact with the human operator within the aviation system to affect operator performance. As a result, the SHELL model considers both active and latent failures in the aviation system.
History
The model was first developed as the SHEL model by Elwyn Edwards in 1972 and later modified into a 'building block' structure by Frank Hawkins in 1975.
Description
Each component of the SHELL model (software, hardware, environment, liveware) represents a building block of human factors studies within aviation.
The human element or worker of interest (liveware) is at the centre or hub of the SHELL model that represents the modern air transportation system. The human element is the most critical and flexible component in the system, interacting directly with other system components, namely software, hardware, environment and liveware.
However, the edges of the central human component block are varied, to represent human limitations and variations in performance. Therefore, the other system component blocks must be carefully adapted and matched to this central component to accommodate human limitations and avoid stress and breakdowns (incidents/accidents) in the aviation system. To accomplish this matching, the characteristics or general capabilities and limitations of this central human component must be understood.
Human characteristics
Physical size and shape
In the design of aviation workplaces and equipment, body measurements and movement are a vital factor. Differences occur according to ethnicity, age and gender for example. Design decisions must take into account the human dimensions and population percentage that the design is intended to satisfy.
Human size and shape are relevant in the design and location of aircraft cabin equipment, emergency equipment, seats and furnishings as well as access and space requirements for cargo compartments.
Fuel requirements
Humans require food, water and oxygen to function effectively and deficiencies can affect performance and well-being.
Information processing
Humans have limitations in information processing capabilities (such as working memory capacity, time and retrieval considerations) that can also be influenced by other factors such as motivation and stress or high workload. Aircraft display, instrument and alerting/warning system design needs to take into account the capabilities and limitations of human information processing to prevent human error.
Input characteristics
The human senses for collecting vital task and environment-related information are subject to limitations and degradation. Human senses cannot detect the whole range of sensory information available. For example, the human eye cannot see an object at night due to low light levels. This produces implications for pilot performance during night flying. In addition to sight, other senses include sound, smell, taste and touch (movement and temperature).
Output characteristics
After sensing and processing information, the output involves decisions, muscular action and communication. Design considerations include aircraft control-display movement relationship, acceptable direction of movement of controls, control resistance and coding, acceptable human forces required to operate aircraft doors, hatches and cargo equipment and speech characteristics in the design of voice communication procedures.
Environmental tolerances
People function effectively only within a narrow range of environmental conditions (tolerable for optimum human performance) and therefore their performance and well-being is affected by physical environmental factors such as temperature, vibration, noise, g-forces and time of day as well as time zone transitions, boring/stressful working environments, heights and enclosed spaces.
Components
Software
Non-physical, intangible aspects of the aviation system that govern how the aviation system operates and how information within the system is organised.
Software may be likened to the software that controls the operations of computer hardware.
Software includes rules, instructions, aviation law and regulations, policies, norms, orders, safety procedures, standard operating procedures, customs, practices, conventions, habits, symbology, supervisor commands and computer programmes.
Software can be included in a collection of documents such as the contents of charts, maps, publications, emergency operating manuals and procedural checklists.
Hardware
Physical elements of the aviation system such as aircraft (including controls, surfaces, displays, functional systems and seating), operator equipment, tools, materials, buildings, vehicles, computers, conveyor belts etc.
Environment
The context in which aircraft and aviation system resources (software, hardware, liveware) operate, made up of physical, organisational, economic, regulatory, political and social variables that may impact on the worker/operator.
Internal air transport environment relates to immediate work area and includes physical factors such as cabin/cockpit temperature, air pressure, humidity, noise, vibration and ambient light levels.
External air transport environment includes the physical environment outside the immediate work area such as weather (visibility/Turbulence), terrain, congested airspace and physical facilities and infrastructure including airports as well as broad organisational, economic, regulatory, political and social factors.
Liveware
Human element or people in the aviation system. For example, flight crew personnel who operate aircraft, cabin crew, ground crew, management and administration personnel.
The liveware component considers human performance, capabilities and limitations.
The four components of the SHELL model or aviation system do not act in isolation but instead interact with the central human component to provide areas for human factors analysis and consideration. The SHELL model indicates relationships between people and other system components and therefore provides a framework for optimising the relationship between people and their activities within the aviation system that is of primary concern to human factors. In fact, the International Civil Aviation Organisation has described human factors as a concept of people in their living and working situations; their interactions with machines (hardware), procedures (software) and the environment about them; and also their relationships with other people.
According to the SHELL model, a mismatch at the interface of the blocks/components where energy and information is interchanged can be a source of human error or system vulnerability that can lead to system failure in the form of an incident/accident. Aviation disasters tend to be characterised by mismatches at interfaces between system components, rather than catastrophic failures of individual components.
Interfaces
Liveware-Software (L-S)
Interaction between human operator and non-physical supporting systems in the workplace.
Involves designing software to match the general characteristics of human users and ensuring that the software (e.g. rules/procedures) is capable of being implemented with ease.
During training, flight crew members incorporate much of the software (e.g. procedural information) associated with flying and emergency situations into their memory in the form of knowledge and skills. However, more information is obtained by referring to manuals, checklists, maps and charts. In a physical sense these documents are regarded as hardware however in the information design of these documents adequate attention has to be paid to numerous aspects of the L-S interface.
For instance, by referring to cognitive ergonomics principles, the designer must consider currency and accuracy of information; user-friendliness of format and vocabulary; clarity of information; subdivision and indexing to facilitate user retrieval of information; presentation of numerical data; use of abbreviations, symbolic codes and other language devices; presentation of instructions using diagrams and/or sentences etc. The solutions adopted after consideration of these informational design factors play a crucial role in effective human performance at the L-S interface.
Mismatches at the L-S interface may occur through:
Insufficient/inappropriate procedures
Misinterpretation of confusing or ambiguous symbology/checklists
Confusing, misleading or cluttered documents, maps or charts
Irrational indexing of an operations manual.
A number of pilots have reported confusion in trying to maintain aircraft attitude through reference to the Head-Up-Display artificial horizon and 'pitch-ladder' symbology.
Liveware-Hardware (L-H)
Interaction between human operator and machine
Involves matching the physical features of the aircraft, cockpit or equipment with the general characteristics of human users while considering the task or job to be performed. Examples:
designing passenger and crew seats to fit the sitting characteristics of the human body
designing cockpit displays and controls to match the sensory, information processing and movement characteristics of human users while facilitating action sequencing, minimising workload (through location/layout) and including safeguards for incorrect/inadvertent operation.
Mismatches at the L-H interface may occur through:
poorly designed equipment
inappropriate or missing operational material
badly located or coded instruments and control devices
warning systems that fail in alerting, informational or guidance functions in abnormal situations etc.
The old 3-pointer aircraft altimeter encouraged errors because it was very difficult for pilots to tell what information related to which pointer.
Liveware-Environment (L-E)
Interaction between human operator and internal and external environments.
Involves adapting the environment to match human requirements. Examples:
Engineering systems to protect crews and passengers from discomfort, damage, stress and distraction caused by the physical environment.
Air conditioning systems to control aircraft cabin temperature
Sound-proofing to reduce noise
Pressurisation systems to control cabin air pressure
Protective systems to combat ozone concentrations
Using black-out curtains to obtain sleep during daylight house as a result of transmeridian travel and shift work
Expanding infrastructure, passenger terminals and airport facilities to accommodate more people due to larger jets (e.g. Airbus A380) and the growth in air transport
Examples of mismatches at the L-E interface include:
Reduced performance and errors resulting from disturbed biological rhythms (jet lag) as a result of long-range flying and irregular work-sleep patterns
Pilot perceptual errors induced by environmental conditions such as visual illusions during aircraft approach/landing at nighttime
Flawed operator performance and errors as a result of management failure to properly address issues at the L-E interface including:
Operator stress due to changes in air transport demand and capacity during times of economic boom and economic recession.
Biased crew decision making and operator short-cuts as a consequence of economic pressure brought on by airline competition and cost-cutting measures linked with deregulation.
Inadequate or unhealthy organisational environment reflecting a flawed operating philosophy, poor employee morale or negative organisational culture.
Liveware-Liveware (L-L)
Interaction between central human operator and any other person in the aviation system during performance of tasks.
Involves interrelationships among individuals within and between groups including maintenance personnel, engineers, designers, ground crew, flight crew, cabin crew, operations personnel, air traffic controllers, passengers, instructors, students, managers and supervisors.
Human-human/group interactions can positively or negatively influence behaviour and performance including the development and implementation of behavioural norms. Therefore, the L-L interface is largely concerned with:
interpersonal relations
leadership
crew cooperation, coordination and communication
dynamics of social interactions
teamwork
cultural interactions
personality and attitude interactions.
The importance of the L-L interface and the issues involved have contributed to the development of cockpit/crew resource management (CRM) programmes in an attempt to reduce error at the interface between aviation professionals
Examples of mismatches at the L-L interface include:
Communication errors due to misleading, ambiguous, inappropriate or poorly constructed communication between individuals. Communication errors have resulted in aviation accidents such as the double Boeing 747 disaster at Tenerife Airport in 1977.
Reduced performance and error from an imbalanced authority relationship between aircraft captain and first officer. For instance, an autocratic captain and an overly submissive first officer may cause the first officer to fail to speak up when something is wrong, or alternatively the captain may fail to listen.
The SHELL Model does not consider interfaces that are outside the scope of human factors. For instance, the hardware-hardware, hardware-environment and hardware-software interfaces are not considered as these interfaces do not involve the liveware component.
Aviation System Stability
Any change within the aviation SHELL system can have far-reaching repercussions. For example, a minor equipment change (hardware) requires an assessment of the impact of the change on operations and maintenance personnel (Liveware-Hardware) and the possibility of the need for alterations to procedures/training programmes (to optimise Liveware-Software interactions). Unless all potential effects of a change in the aviation system are properly addressed, it is possible that even a small system modification may produce undesirable consequences. Similarly, the aviation system must be continually reviewed to adjust for changes at the Liveware-Environment interface.
Uses
**Safety analysis tool**: The SHELL model can be used as a framework for collecting data about human performance and contributory component mismatches during aviation incident/accident analysis or investigation as recommended by the International Civil Aviation Organisation. Similarly, the SHELL model can be used to understand systemic human factors relationships during operational audits with the aim of reducing error, enhancing safety and improving processes For example, LOSA (Line Operations Safety Audit) is founded on Threat and error management (TEM) that considers SHELL interfaces. For instance, aircraft handling errors involve liveware-hardware interactions, procedural errors involve liveware-software interactions and communication errors involve liveware-liveware interactions.
**Licensing tool**: The SHELL model can be used to help clarify human performance needs, capabilities and limitations thereby enabling competencies to be defined from a safety management perspective.
**Training tool**: The SHELL model can be used to help an aviation organisation improve training interventions and the effectiveness of organisation safeguards against error.
References
External links
AviationKnowledge - Shell Model Interface Errors This AviationKnowledge page provides examples of aviation accidents where errors or mismatches at SHELL interfaces have either contributed to or caused accidents
AviationKnowledge - Shell Model Variants, You can also consult on two variants to the SHELL model:
SCHELL
SHELL-T.
AviationKnowledge - ICAO: Fundamental Human Factors Concepts This AviationKnowledge page is a synopsis of ICAO's digest number 1 and provides a good background context for the SHELL Model. ICAO's digest number 1 is accessed as CAP 719: Fundamental Human Factors Concepts that includes further information and examples of SHELL Model components and interfaces within the aviation context
AviationKnowledge - ICAO: Ergonomics This AviationKnowledge page is a synopsis of ICAO's digest number 6 and outlines information on ergonomics (the study of human-machine system design issues), human capabilities, hardware and flight deck design and the environment
AviationKnowledge - ICAO: Human Factors in Air Traffic Control** : This AviationKnowledge page is a synopsis of ICAO's digest number 8 and discusses aspects of the SHELL Model with respect to ATC
CAP 718: Human Factors in Aircraft Maintenance and Inspection** : This Civil Aviation Authority Publication discusses aspects of the SHELL Model with respect to aircraft maintenance and inspection
Aviation safety |
The 2013 European Rowing Championships was held in Seville, Spain, between 31 May and 2 June 2013.
Medal summary
Men
Women
Medal table
External links
European Rowing Championships
European Rowing Championships
International sports competitions hosted by Spain
European Rowing Championships
Rowing Championships
Rowing competitions in Spain
Sports competitions in Seville
21st century in Seville |
The J Church is a hybrid light rail/streetcar line of the Muni Metro system in San Francisco, California. The line runs between Embarcadero station and Balboa Park station through Noe Valley. Opened on August 11, 1917, it is the oldest and has the lowest ridership of all of the Muni Metro lines.
Route description
The inbound terminal is at Embarcadero station. The line runs west through the Market Street subway to a portal on Duboce Avenue, before turning onto Church Street. The line continues south on Church Street to 18th Street. Between 18th and 20th Street, the line cuts through Dolores Park in a private right-of-way featuring a 9% grade, the steepest section of the Muni Metro system. After crossing 20th Street, it cuts across the blocks east of Church, around a steep hill and returns to Church Street at 22nd Street in Noe Valley. The J then follows Church to 30th Street, then to San Jose Avenue and Geneva. Between Randall and Cotter Streets, there is a right-of-way in the middle of San Jose Avenue. At the end of the line, the J loops around the Metro yard at San Jose and Geneva, alongside Balboa Park station.
Operation
Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the J Church begins service at 5 a.m. on weekdays, 6 a.m. Saturdays and 8 a.m. Sundays and continues until 12:15 a.m. every night. Daytime headways are every 10 minutes, and 12 minutes on weekends.
Unlike the other Muni Metro lines, there is not a corresponding overnight Owl bus during the hours that rail service is not running.
On weekends, the J Church Bus service runs from 5 a.m. until the start of rail service. The bus line largely follows the rail line, but it uses surface streets to parallel sections where the rail line has dedicated rights-of-way. Separate early morning, the J Church Bus is not operated during the COVID-19 pandemic.
History
Track work on the J Church line was largely completed in 1916, and service from Church and 30th Street station to Market Street and Van Ness Avenue on August 11, 1917. Service was extended along Van Ness Avenue to Pine Street on August 29, 1917; this extension was discontinued on May 31, 1918, with service extended along Market Street to the Ferry Building the next day. The new Transbay Terminal became the inner terminus for every other streetcar on January 15, 1939, with all service routed there after January 1, 1941.
As part of the creation of the Muni Metro system, it was partially converted to modern light rail operation in 1981 — the last line to do so. While many streetcar lines were converted to bus lines after World War II, the J Church avoided this due to the private right-of-way it uses to climb the steepest grades on Church Street, between 18th Street and 22nd Street.
Extension to Balboa Park
The outer end of the line was originally at Church and 30th Streets, where streetcars used a wye to turn around. Studies to extend the line from its southern terminus had been made in the 1920s and 1970's. In 1990–91, the tracks were extended to the Balboa Park BART station and the Metro Center (Muni light-rail maintenance and operations base), giving J-line cars a much shorter connection to the yard than previously. The extension opened on August 31, 1991, but the new section was initially used only by light rail cars starting or ending their runs; all-day J-line service was not extended along the new tracks until June 19, 1993.
This trackage was laid along the Bernal Cut, the former right-of-way of the San Francisco & San Jose Railroad.
This extension of the J-line to the Metro Center now also provides vintage F Market cars a connection to the adjacent Cameron Beach Yard, where they are stored when not in service. Occasionally J-Church streetcars use the siding at 30th and Church as a terminus during rush hours, or during irregular operations.
The 19th Avenue Platform & Trackway Improvement Project originally included pocket tracks to allow J Church trains to continue past Balboa Park with service to Stonestown. Due to community backlash, the compromise plan did not include the facilities necessary to run joint J-M service.
Later changes
The line was temporarily through-routed with the surface section of the K Ingleside line from June 25 to August 24, 2018, due to the Twin Peaks Tunnel shutdown.
Service modifications during COVID-19
On March 30, 2020, Muni Metro service was replaced with buses due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Rail service returned on August 22, 2020, with the routes reconfigured to improve reliability in the subway. J Church service ran only on the surface. The J terminated at the inbound platform on Church Street at Market Street, requiring passengers to transfer between the J and subway trains. A mini-high platform was to be constructed on the inbound platform at Church and Duboce, and an outbound mini-high platform will be built on Church Street south of Market Street, which was to allow the J to be re-extended slightly to Duboce Street (with additional transfer to the N Judah) in October 2020. The forced transfer at Church station — which required J Church riders to cross two streets and use two elevators to transfer — was criticized by disability advocates and others.
Rail service was re-replaced with buses on August 25 due to issues with malfunctioning overhead wire splices and the need to quarantine control center staff after a COVID-19 case. J Church service on the surface-only Balboa Park–Church and Duboce routing resumed on December 19, 2020, while full service to Embarcadero station was restored on February 19, 2022.
Future plans
In March 2014, Muni released details of the proposed implementation of their Transit Effectiveness Project (later rebranded MuniForward), which included a variety of changes for the J Church line intended to improve reliability and decrease travel times. The proposed changes included the removal of two stops (Liberty and Church and 30th Street), minor relocations of several other stops, construction of boarding islands and transit bulbs, and transit-only lanes on three blocks of Church Street, plus an increase in frequency from 9.5-minute headways to 8-minute headways during the morning peak.
Most of the changes will be included in the proposed J Church Rapid Project. However, one element – dedicated transit/taxi lanes and left turn restrictions on Church Street between Duboce Avenue and 16th Street – was chosen for implementation as a pilot project to test its effectiveness. The red-painted dedicated center lanes (for use also by the 22-Fillmore bus) and turn restrictions were added in March 2013. The project proved to reduce travel time and improve reliability on both rail and bus, while not significantly increasing travel time in private automobiles. Based on these positive results, the SFMTA Board made the changes permanent in June 2015.
In November 2019, the SFMTA announced the J Church Improvement Project, which will make preliminary changes to the line while funding is sought for the full Rapid project. Church and 30th Street stop will be closed, safety modifications made to several stops, signage added to all stops, and a traffic light added at Cesar Chavez Street. A pilot program was to use a surface turnback on The Embarcadero in an effort to reduce terminal delays at Embarcadero station.
With the completion of the proposed but unfunded M Ocean View subway, the J Church would be re-routed to connect with the M Ocean View at a new four-track subway station at SF State. The J line would enter a new portal on 19th Avenue near Monticello Street with a subway tunnel following approximately the current M line alignment between Monticello Street and Holloway Avenue along 19th Avenue.
Staff members of the SFMTA are studying the possible use of historic street cars to provide a one-seat service on the J Church to Embarcadero using existing surface tracks on Market Street as an alternative to running the J Church in the subway tunnel.
Station listing
Some stops have concrete boarding islands, while others require passengers to board from the street. Some stops have raised platforms for accessibility. While most other lines in the rail system can be run in two-car configurations, the J line is almost always run with a single car in order to accommodate the stops in the right-of-way, which are not long enough to have two light rail cars with open doors simultaneously.
References
External links
SFMTA – J Church
Muni Metro lines
Railway lines opened in 1917
1917 establishments in California |
Thesaurica is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae.
Species
Thesaurica accensalis (Swinhoe, 1903)
Thesaurica argentifera (Hampson, 1913)
Thesaurica notodontalis (Hampson, 1899)
References
Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Odontiinae
Crambidae genera
Taxa named by Alfred Jefferis Turner |
The 2010 Uzbekistan Cup was the 18th season of the annual Uzbek football Cup competition. The competition started on March 20, 2010, and ended on August 18, 2010, with the final held at the Pakhtakor Markaziy Stadium in Tashkent. FC Pakhtakor were the defending champions.
The cup winner were guaranteed a place in the 2011 AFC Champions League.
Calendar
First round
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Round of 32
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Round of 16
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Quarterfinals
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Semifinals
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Final
References
External links
Soccerway.com
RSSSF.com
Cup
Uzbekistan Cup
2010 |
Chet Atkins in Hollywood is the ninth studio album recorded by American guitarist Chet Atkins, released in 1959. The title takes its name from the fact that Atkins recorded it in Hollywood. The lush string arrangements are by Dennis Farnon. Atkins later (in 1961) re-recorded this album in his home studio, using the orchestra tapes from the Hollywood session. The original LP lists Atkins as the producer, the 1961 reissue lists "... with Dennis Farnon and his orchestra" and also lists Dick Peirce as producer.
Reception
Allmusic music critic Richard S. Ginell specifically praised "Theme from Picnic" and "Jitterbug Waltz" and wrote of the album; "For some, this record might fall under the category of guilty pleasures, but a pleasure it is, one of the great make-out records of its time."
Track listing
Side one
"Armen's Theme" (Ross Bagdasarian) – 2:12
"Let It Be Me" (Gilbert Bécaud, Mann Curtis, Pierre Delanoë) – 3:22
"Theme from Picnic" (George Duning) – 3:24
"Theme from a Dream" (Boudleaux Bryant) – 3:58
"Estrellita" (Manuel Ponce) – 2:51
"Jitterbug Waltz" (Richard Maltby, Fats Waller) – 3:00
Side two
"Little Old Lady" (Stanley Adams, Hoagy Carmichael) – 2:20
"Terry Theme from Limelight" (Charlie Chaplin, Geoffrey Parsons) – 3:16
"The Three Bells" (Bert Reisfeld, Jean Villard) – 3:06
"Santa Lucia" (Don Titman) – 2:50
"Greensleeves" (Traditional) – 3:05
"Meet Mister Callaghan" (Eric Spear) – 2:23
Personnel
Chet Atkins – guitar
Jethro Burns - mandolin
Clifford Hils - bass
Howard Roberts - guitar
George Callender - bass
Jim Carney - drums
Dennis Farnon -orchestrations
Sam Albert - violin
Leonard Atkins - violin
Israel Baker - violin
Jacques Gasselin - violin
James Getzoff - violin
Murray Kellner - violin
Carl LaMagna - violin
Marvin Limonick - violin
Alfred Lustgarten - violin
Amerigo Marino - violin
Eudice Shapiro - violin
Jack Shulman - violin
Henry Sugar - violin
Robert Sushel - violin
Gerald Vinci - violin
Victor Gottlieb - cello
Edgar Lustgarten - cello
Virginia Majewski - viola
Joseph DiFiore - viola
Milton Thomas - viola
Kathyrine Julye - harp
John Cave - horn
References
1959 albums
Chet Atkins albums
Albums produced by Chet Atkins
RCA Victor albums |
Prionapteryx brevivittalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1919. It is found in South Africa.
References
Endemic moths of South Africa
Ancylolomiini
Moths described in 1919 |
Aristaeomorpha foliacea, the giant red shrimp or giant gamba prawn, is a species of deep water benthopelagic decapod crustacean. It is found in all the world's oceans in the temperate and tropical zones. It is subject to some commercial fishing activity in the Mediterranean Sea.
Description
Aristaeomorpha foliacea is a large decapod crustacean, a shrimp or prawn which has a firm and, flexible and light red exoskeleton and black eyes. In mature females black colour of the black ovaries darkens the dorsal part of the abdomen. There is a slight keel along the dorsal midlines of the third segment which becomes more probounced on the next three segments, ending in a sharp posterior point. It has long pleopods, antennal, hepatic and branchiostegal spines on its carapace, a very short upper antennal flagella, strong spines to the rear of the midpoint on the third to sixth abdominal segments, a telson with four small mobile lateral spines, the females have an open telicum and the species shows secondary sexual dimorphism in body size and the length of the rostrum with the adult females being larger and having a longer rostrum, extending well beyond the antennal scale. In the males the rostrum is short and does not reach the tip of the antenna's peduncle. There are 6-12 upper teeth on the rostrum, including 2 on the carapace. The largest females have a total length of and the largest males grow to . The more common measurements for females are body length and for males .
Distribution
Aristaeomorpha foliacea is found in the Mediterranean Sea and the eastern Atlantic, the western Atlantic and the Indian Ocean into the Western Pacific from Japan to Australia and New Zealand as far east as Fiji. This distribution reflects the origin of A. foliacea in the Tethys Ocean during the Mesozoic, which covered an area approximately covering the present Caribbean Sea to the Indian Ocean and included areas which are now in the Mediterranean. Its expansion into adjacent areas of the Pacific is a later increase in distribution. The distribution of this species in the Mediterranean is rather patchy and the largest concentrations are in the central and eastern basins.
Habitat and biology
The giant red shrimp is a deep-water benthopelagic species and has a reported depth distribution of 120–1300 m, generally on muddy bottoms, in the Mediterranean it shows a preference for quite deep waters, mainly 500-800m, but it is more likely than related species to be found in shallower waters. It is known to gather in large aggregations in submarine canyons and trenches along the continental slope.
Only a few individuals reproduce in their first year. The development of the gonads starts during the winter and the shrimps reach sexual maturity in their second summer. Sexually mature males have an extended reproductive capacity and are able to mate throughout the year, however the females mature seasonally. In the Strait of Sicily the females maturate and spawn from spring until autumn, with a peak in summer-autumn. This species gathers in shoals when mating and spawning. The eggs are released into the sea but the larval and juvenile stages are little known.
This species is an opportunistic carnivore and scavenger with a high diversity in consumed prey types, the analysis of stomach content found both strictly benthic and pelagic prey . It is likely that this species undertakes diel migrations which are related to its feeding behaviour, during the day its prey consists of benthos while during the night it prets on animals higher in the water column. Recorded prey include crustaceans, bony fish, cephalopods siphonophores, gastropods, bivalves, polychaetes and foraminiferans. In the Straits of Sicily the main crustacean prey are Plesionika and Pasiphaea spp., especially Pasiphaea sivado. Also in the Straits of Sicily cephalopods are relatively more important in its diet when compared to giant red shrimp from other areas, making A. foliacea a significant contributor to the juvenile mortality of species such as Heteroteuthis dispar in the food webs of the central Mediterranean. Giant red shrimp also change their feeding behaviour seasonally, siphonophores of the family Diphyidae are important in the spring while benthic gastropods are an important food source in autumn. There appears to be a correlation between increased feeding in the Spring and increased reproductive activity. In the winter this species seems to eat more food but the food is of lower quality.
Fisheries
Aristaeomorpha foliacea is an important target species for bottom otter trawlers operating on the continental slope in the Strait of Sicily where is pursued by boats from Tunisia, Malta and Sicily. it is also a quarry species off Venezuela and Madagascar. A. foliacea is marketed fresh or frozen.
References
Crustaceans described in 1827
Dendrobranchiata
Edible crustaceans
Commercial crustaceans
Taxa named by Antoine Risso |
The Tuttle-Folsom House is a historic house in Manti, Utah. It was built in 1850, and later acquired by Luther T. Tuttle, the mayor of Manti who was also " a leading merchant, banker, livestock raiser and
served four terms as a territorial legislator." From 1880 to 1890, it belonged to architect William Harrison Folsom, who designed the Manti Utah Temple among many other buildings, followed by John C. Witbeck and John E. Metcalf. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since July 21, 1977.
It has an early stone saltbox-type addition, with same cornice detail as in the original portion of the house. There is only a minor break in the roofline, but an obvious break in the stonework of the abutting walls, with just a few interlocking stones.
It is located at 195 W. 300 North, at the southeast corner of N. 200 West. A large addition was added on the north side of the house in 2012.
References
National Register of Historic Places in Sanpete County, Utah
Houses completed in 1850
1850 establishments in Utah Territory
Saltbox architecture in Utah |
Sidney Charles Cooke (born 18 April 1927) is an English convicted child molester and suspected serial killer serving two life sentences. He was the leader of a paedophile ring suspected of up to twenty child murders of young boys in the 1970s and 1980s. Cooke and other members of the ring were convicted of three killings in total, although he was only convicted of one himself.
Cooke is suspected by police of killing the three boys with the ring; he was named by gang member Leslie Bailey as the killer of Mark Tildesley in 1984 when Bailey confessed to the murder, and he is also suspected to have been involved in the murder of 6-year-old Barry Lewis which Bailey was also convicted of. Cooke's gang have also been the subject of several investigations into possible links to the disappearances of two boys, Martin Allen and Vishal Mehrotra, who were abducted from London in 1979 and 1981 respectively.
Cooke, a fairground worker, was nicknamed Hissing Sid by colleagues, and was described by The Guardian newspaper in 1999 as "Britain's most notorious paedophile".
Early life
Cooke was born on 18 April 1927 in Stroud, Gloucestershire, and worked as a farm labourer. He later was a fairground worker, which made it easy for him to move around the United Kingdom. As part of his system to lure young boys, Cooke set up a child's version of the high striker amusement.
"Dirty Dozen"
In the 1970s, Cooke and a group of approximately twelve paedophiles began hiring rent boys and abducting young male children off the streets. The victims were drugged, raped and abused in group orgies. By the mid-1980s, the group had acquired a flat on the Kingsmead housing estate in Hackney, east London.
Gang rape and killing of Jason Swift
In November 1985, a group led by Cooke had gang raped 14-year-old Jason Swift (born 1 March 1971) in what the media described as a homosexual orgy. After Swift's body was found in a shallow grave by a dog walker, an investigation by the Metropolitan Police led to the arrest of Cooke along with three accomplices: Leslie Bailey, Robert Oliver and Steven Barrell. On 12 May 1989, Cooke was sentenced at the Old Bailey to nineteen years in Wandsworth Prison for the manslaughter of Swift. The group were originally charged with murder before all were convicted of manslaughter.
Oliver received a lesser sentence of fifteen years, but was released from prison after eight and changed his name to Karl Curtis. In July 2013, he was jailed for three years after being found guilty of luring children into his home in Maidstone, Kent. This was due to the breach of a court order which banned him from having unsupervised contact with children.
Murder of Mark Tildesley
Bailey and other gang members told authorities that Cooke was among those who murdered Mark Tildesley, a seven-year-old boy, in Wokingham, Berkshire on 1 June 1984. Bailey claimed that Tildesley was lured away from a Wokingham funfair by Cooke on the promise of a 50p bag of sweets. In 1991, the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) declined to prosecute Cooke for Tildesley's murder as he was already in prison for the manslaughter of Swift. As Bailey was the only one who confessed to Tildesley's murder, the CPS decided to only formally press charges against him for the killing despite him and other gang members naming Cooke as the perpetrator, as fellow paedophiles are not considered reliable witnesses in a court of law. Despite this, Bailey's trial was highly unusual in that it explicitly named Cooke and another man, Lennie Smith, as the killers, despite them having not been charged. Cooke's role in the murder was not fully investigated until 1999, after Cooke's release from prison; by this time, Bailey had been murdered in prison in October 1993. Cooke has indicated he knows where Tildesley's body is buried but refuses to disclose the exact location.
Murder of Barry Lewis
Cooke is also suspected of involvement in the murder of another boy, six-year-old Barry Lewis, for which Bailey was convicted in June 1991. Lewis had been snatched from the street while playing with friends in Walworth, south London, on 15 September 1985. His body was found in Essex in April 1986, only four days from the discovery of Swift's body.
In 1990, Bailey confessed to police that Cooke's gang had abducted, drugged and raped Lewis before Bailey had been tasked with disposing of the body the next day. Bailey told police detailed information about the murder which confirmed his testimony as genuine, and led police to the location of Lewis's grave. As with Tildesley, Bailey implicated Cooke in Lewis's murder. Although he was the only one convicted in the murders of Lewis and Tildesley, police believed Cooke was the leader of the gang.
Operation Orchid
While in prison, Cooke reportedly boasted of his ring killing "about fifteen" children to cellmates. Members of the ring also reportedly made references to killing Lewis, whose murder was at this point still unsolved but of which detectives on the Swift enquiry were already aware. One prisoner, Ian Gabb, felt so disgusted by the confessions that he volunteered to give information to the authorities. Police set up Operation Orchid to further investigate murders that could be linked to the ring.
Gabb informed police that a ring member named Lennie Smith had been involved in the group's murders along with Cooke. Police subsequently put Smith under surveillance, and he was soon arrested for indecent assault on a child in a public toilet. Gabb also provided detectives with maps he had drawn based on the descriptions of where the ring members claimed they had buried their victims, to which police responded by searching several sites of interest. Operation Orchid officers eventually solved the then unsolved murders of Tildesley and Lewis after Bailey formally confessed. Gabb volunteered to remain in prison longer than his own sentence to continue assisting the police, and was later rewarded by being given a reduced sentence.
Appeal and parole
Cooke's sentence for the manslaughter of Swift was reduced to sixteen years on appeal in 1989, and he was paroled nine years later in April 1998. He told an appeals court that Bailey was the ringleader of the gang. Cooke's parole caused huge public outrage, which was exacerbated by a plan to move him to a hostel near two schools and the fact that Cooke himself admitted that he might re-offend if he was released. While in prison, Cooke refused to take part in any rehabilitation sessions. Police refused to disclose the location to which he was to be moved, smuggling him out of prison to avoid a vigil for his victims. For the next nine months, Cooke lived in a suite of cells at Yeovil police station at his own request, rarely venturing out in public.
1970s offences, re-arrest
Following an investigation by the Channel 4 documentary programme Dispatches on 29 October 1998, Thames Valley Police reopened investigations concerning alleged sex offences by Cooke. He was arrested on 26 January 1999. Three days later, Cooke was charged at Reading police station with committing eighteen sex offences which occurred between 1972 and 1981 in south London, Berkshire, Kent, Tyne and Wear and Hertfordshire; he was moved back to prison on remand. Many of the offences had come to public attention after they were disclosed in the Channel 4 documentary.
At his trial at Manchester Crown Court on 5 October 1999, Cooke pleaded guilty to all but eight of the charges, which were four counts of rape, three counts of indecent assault, and one of buggery that occurred in 1981. These were abandoned by the judge, who ordered them to lie on file. Following Cooke's sentencing, NSPCC director Jim Harding said:
On 17 December 1999, at Wolverhampton Crown Court, Cooke received two life sentences, and Judge David Poole told Cooke that he would only be considered for release after he had served a minimum of five years in prison and if the parole board was satisfied he was not a danger to the public.
Aftermath
Since his five-year minimum term expired in January 2004, Cooke has been refused parole on ten separate occasions. He was refused parole most recently in October 2021, aged 94, on the grounds that his behaviour whilst imprisoned "had been mixed and had provoked concerns and even allegations over the years".
Investigations into other possible victims
Roger Stoodley, who retired as the detective leading the Cooke investigation in 1992, stated in 2014 that the unsolved disappearances and murders of two other boys, Vishal Mehrotra and Martin Allen, were in keeping with the Cooke gang's modus operandi. The gang were known to have abducted boys who they found walking on their own.
Disappearance of Martin Allen
On 5 November 1979, 15-year-old Martin Allen travelled home from school on the London Underground. His intention was to go to see his older brother, Bob, who lived near Holloway Road, but he needed to go home first in order to collect some money. At around 3:50 pm, he said goodbye to some school friends at King's Cross station and set off in the direction of the Piccadilly line platform to travel home. This was the last confirmed sighting of Allen.
After a televised appeal five weeks after Allen's disappearance, a male witness came forward to report seeing a man accompanying a boy acting suspiciously at Gloucester Road station at 4:15 pm, about half an hour after Martin vanished. The witness reported that the man was standing with his arm around the shoulder of the boy, who resembled Allen. The boy appeared distressed and both parties appeared to be nervous as they got onto a train. The witness saw the man prod the boy in the back, and overheard him telling the boy not to try to run when the pair left the train at Earl's Court station. The witness described the man as six feet tall, in his thirties, well built, with very blonde hair and a moustache, and wearing a denim jacket and trousers.
In 2012, police initiated a number of new investigations into child abuse allegations dating back over the previous thirty years. This included a re-investigation of claims of systemic child abuse by an alleged pedophile ring at Elm Guest House during the 1970s and 1980s. The location of Elm Guest House, along with the alleged activities of the individuals involved there, have led to media speculation that Allen was abused and murdered by paedophiles operating there. In May 2016, Operation Malswick superseded Operation Midland and was formed specifically to re-investigate Allen's case. Police questioned Cooke.
Death of Vishal Mehrotra
On 29 July 1981, the day of the wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer, 8-year-old Vishal Mehrotra's family took the train into London in order to watch the wedding. They then took the train back to East Putney, where they arrived around 1:40 pm. Vishal said he was tired and wanted to walk home by himself; Vishal's parents reported him missing at 7 pm to the Metropolitan Police.
On 25 February 1982, two men discovered a skull, seven ribs and some vertebrae at Alder Copse, Durleigh Marsh Farm, Rogate, near Petersfield. The bones appeared to have been disturbed by foxes and were found buried in a bog at a depth of around two feet. A large scale excavation uncovered more bones, but no clothing. Initially, police believed that the body had been buried around 29 July 1981.
In the late 1980s, a Metropolitan Police unit that had been investigating Cooke's paedophile ring began to investigate whether Mehrotra could have been another of the gang's victims. The gang was known to have killed at least three similarly aged boys after abducting them in London in the 1980s, and always abducted them in broad daylight like in Mehrotra's case. It also appeared from Mehrotra's remains that he had been buried naked, indicating a sexual element to the killing. The "Dirty Dozen" investigative team held a meeting with Sussex Police at the time but no concrete evidence was found to link the enquiries.
In March 2015, the BBC reported that the Metropolitan Police had referred itself to the Independent Police Complaints Commission following allegations of corruption in relation to the case. Subsequently, in May 2015, Sussex Police released documents relating to a review of the murder they had carried out in 2005. The force's report on the case revealed that other police forces had in fact investigated links between Mehrotra's death and Cooke's gang on three occasions. The report also revealed that the Metropolitan Police's paedophile unit had concluded there were "strong similarities" between Mehrota's case and the gang's known killings.
Documentaries
Cooke and his paedophile ring were the subject of two Crimewatch File documentaries titled "The Lost Boys", which were shown on 4 October and 11 October 1994 respectively. The first documentary focused on the conviction of Cooke and the ring for the killing of Jason Swift, while the second focused on the continuing investigations into the ring's role in the murders of Mark Tildesley and Barry Lewis and Bailey's conviction for them.
See also
Child sexual abuse in the United Kingdom
Ronald Jebson, a British serial killer who was friends with Cooke
List of serial rapists
List of serial killers by number of victims
Notable inmates in HM Prison Wakefield
References
External links
Cooke: The predatory paedophile from BBC News
Protests and riots over Cooke from BBC News
Further reading
1927 births
20th-century English criminals
Criminals from Gloucestershire
English male criminals
English people convicted of child sexual abuse
English people convicted of indecent assault
English people convicted of manslaughter
English prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
English rapists
Living people
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by England and Wales
Suspected serial killers
Torture in England
Violence against children in England
Violence against men in the United Kingdom |
The 1559 papal conclave (5 September – 25 December) was convened on the death of Pope Paul IV and elected Pope Pius IV as his successor. Due to interference from secular rulers and the cardinals' disregard for their supposed isolation from the outside world, it was the longest conclave of the 16th century.
Death and preparations
Pope Paul IV died on 18 August 1559, aged 83. His church reforms had mainly been based on repressive measures such as the Inquisition and the Index of Forbidden Books – he had no confidence in the Council of Trent, dissolving it in 1552 and not reviving it.
Even cardinals were accused of heresy – at the time of Paul IV's death, Cardinal Morone was a prisoner of the Inquisition in the castel Sant' Angelo. Paul IV, fearing that Morone might become his successor, issued the papal bull Cum ex officio Apostolatus, which stipulated that a heretic could not be validly elected pope – however, this was in vain since the College of Cardinals released Morone after Paul's death and allowed him to take part in the conclave. The bull also covered Cardinal d'Este, who Paul complained was trying to become pope by simony.
Paul IV's reforms did not abolish nepotism, however – 3 of the cardinals at the conclave were Paul's nephews, the most influential being Carlo Carafa and the other two being Diomede Carafa and Alfonso Carafa. On the model of pope Alexander VI (one of the Borgia popes, who had died on the same date as Paul 56 years earlier), Paul had tried to build up his family's power in Italy, mainly at the expense of the Colonna family, whose many lands (including the imperial Palia fiefdom) were seized and handed over to the Carafa family. Paul's nephews ruled even more brutally than he and abused their power so much that at one point Paul was forced to step in, stripping Carlo of power early in 1559. Carlo never regained his uncle's favour and after Paul's death he and Paul's other two cardinal-nephews had good reason to fear their enemies would now take revenge.
Paul IV was rigidly orthodox, intolerant, and authoritarian in manner. Spontaneous riots broke out in Rome after his death, with crowds toppling his statue and attacking the Inquisition's headquarters. Thus 3700 troops were brought in to keep order, including 300 cavalry.
Cardinals in 1559
Participants
At the time of the conclave there were 55 cardinals, 47 of whom participated in it. Of those 47, one died during the conclave (Capodiferro) and two had to leave early due to illness:
Jean du Bellay (made a cardinal on 21 May 1535) – cardinal-bishop of Ostia e Velletri; dean of the College of Cardinals; administrator of the archdiocese of Bordeaux (left the conclave on 13 December due to illness )
François de Tournon (9 March 1530) – cardinal-bishop of Sabina; sub-dean of the College of cardinals; archbishop of Lyon and primate of Gaul; general of the order of canons regular
Rodolfo Pio di Carpi (22 December 1536) – cardinal-bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina; administrator of the diocese of Girgenti
Francesco Pisani (1 July 1517) – cardinal-bishop of Frascati; cardinal priest of San Marco; administrator of the archdiocese of Narbonne
Federico Cesi (19 December 1544) – cardinal-bishop of Palestrina; administrator of the diocese of Cremona
Pedro Pacheco de Villena (16 December 1545) – cardinal-bishop of Albano; bishop of Sigüenza
Robert de Lenoncourt (20 December 1538) – cardinal-priest of S. Cecilia; protopriest of the College of Cardinals; archbishop of Embrun; administrator of the diocese of Auxerre
Ercole Gonzaga (3 May 1527) – cardinal-priest of S. Maria Nuova; bishop of Mantua; protector of the Spanish
Niccolò Caetani (22 December 1536) – cardinal-priest of S. Eustachio; archbishop of Capua; administrator of the diocese of Quimper
Giovanni Girolamo Morone (2 June 1542) – cardinal-priest of S. Maria in Trastevere; bishop of Novara; protector of the Austrians
Cristoforo Madruzzo (2 June 1542) – cardinal-priest of S. Cesareo in Palatio; bishop of Trent and Brixen
Bartolomé de la Cueva (19 December 1544) – cardinal-priest of S. Croce in Gerusalemme
Georges d'Armagnac (19 December 1544) – cardinal-priest of S. Lorenzo in Lucina; bishop of Rodez
Otto Truchess von Waldburg (19 December 1544) – cardinal-priest of S. Sabina; bishop of Augsburg; protector of the Holy Roman Empire
Tiberio Crispi (19 December 1544) – cardinal-priest of S. Agata alla Suburra; administrator of the archdiocese of Amalfi; camerlengo of the College of Cardinals
Giovanni Angelo Medici (8 April 1549) – cardinal-priest of S. Prisca
Cristoforo Ciocchi del Monte (20 November 1551) – cardinal-priest of S. Prassede; bishop of Cagli
Fulvio della Corgna, O.S.Io.Hieros. (20 November 1551) – cardinal-priest of S. Stefano al Monte Celio
Giovanni Michele Saraceni (20 November 1551) – cardinal-priest of S. Anastasia; archbishop of Acerenza and Matera (19 December left the conclave due to illness)
Giovanni Ricci (20 November 1551) – cardinal-priest of S. Vitale, Gervasio e Protasio
Giovanni Andrea Mercurio (20 November 1551) – cardinal-priest of S. Ciriaco alla Terme; archbishop of Messina
Giacomo Puteo (20 November 1551) – cardinal-priest of S. Maria in Via; archbishop of Bari; protector of the Johannites
Giovanni Battista Cicada (20 November 1551) – cardinal-priest of S. Clemente; administrator of the diocese of Mariana
Bernardino Scotti, Theat. (20 December 1555) – cardinal-priest of S. Matteo in Merulana; archbishop of Trani
Diomede Carafa (20 December 1555) – cardinal-priest of S. Martino ai Monti; bishop of Ariano
Scipione Rebiba (20 December 1555) – cardinal-priest of S. Pudenziana; archbishop of Pisa
Jean Suau (20 December 1555) – cardinal-priest of S. Giovanni a Porta Latina; bishop of Mirepoix
Giovanni Antonio Capizzuchi (20 December 1555) – cardinal-priest of S. Pancrazio; bishop of Lodi
Taddeo Gaddi (15 March 1557) – cardinal-priest of S. Silvestro in Capite; archbishop of Cosenza
Lorenzo Strozzi (15 March 1557) – cardinal-priest of S. Balbina; bishop of Béziers
Jean de Bertrand (15 March 1557) – cardinal-priest of SS. Nereo ed Achilleo; administrator of the archdiocese of Sens
Antonio Michele Ghislieri, O.P. (15 March 1557) – cardinal-priest of S. Maria sopra Minerva; Grand Inquisitor of the Holy Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition; bishop of Sutri and Nepi
Clemente d'Olera, O.F.M.Obs. (15 March 1557) – cardinal-priest of S. Maria in Aracoeli; archpriest of Rapallo
Alessandro Farnese (18 December 1534) – cardinal-deacon of S. Lorenzo in Damaso; protodeacon of the College of Cardinals; Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church; legate in Avignon; archpriest of the Lateran Basilica; administrator of the diocese of Spoleto; protector of the Poles
Guido Ascanio Sforza (18 December 1534) – cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Via Lata; camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church; archpriest of the Lateran Basilica; administrator of the diocese of Parma; protector of the Portuguese
Ippolito II d'Este (20 December 1538) – cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Aquiro; administrator of the archdiocese of Auch; gubernator of Tivoli; protector of the French
Giacomo Savelli (19 December 1539) – cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin; administrator of the diocese of Nicastro
Girolamo Capodiferro (19 December 1544) – cardinal-deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro; bishop of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne (died 1 December)
Ranuccio Farnese (16 December 1545) – cardinal-deacon of S. Angela in Pescheria; Grand Penitentiary; archpriest of the Lateran Basilica; administrator of the archdiocese of Ravenna
Giulio Feltre della Rovere (27 July 1547) – cardinal-deacon of S. Pietro in Vincoli
Innocenzo del Monte (30 May 1550) – cardinal-deacon of S. Onofrio
Luigi Cornaro (20 November 1551) – cardinal-deacon of S. Teodoro
Louis I de Guise (22 December 1553) – cardinal-deacon of S. Tommaso in Parione; administrator of the diocese of Albi
Girolamo Simoncelli (22 December 1553) – cardinal-deacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano; bishop of Orvieto
Carlo Carafa (7 June 1555) – cardinal-deacon of SS. Vito e Modesto; regent of the Apostolic Chancellery; administrator of the diocese of Comminges; gubernator of Ancona, Rimini i Gualdo
Alfonso Carafa (15 March 1557) – cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Domnica; librarian of the Holy Roman Church; regent of the Apostolic Chamber; administrator of the archdiocese of Naples
Vitellozzo Vitelli (15 March 1557) – cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Portico; bishop of Città di Castello
Of these 47 cardinals, 37 were Italians, 7 French, 2 Spanish and 1 German. 13 had been appointed by pope Paul IV, 11 by pope Julius III, 20 pope Paul III, 2 by pope Clement VII and 1 by pope Leo X.
Absentees
8 cardinals (5 French, 1 Spanish, 1 Portuguese and 1 Italian) did not come to the conclave. 2 of these 8 died during its sitting:
Claude de Longwy de Givry (7 November 1533, by Clement VII) – Cardinal-Priest of Sant'Agnese in Agone, administrator of the diocese of Langres
Odet de Coligny de Châtillon (7 November 1533, by Clement VII) – Cardinal-Deacon of Sant' Adriano, administrator of the diocese of Beauvais
Sanguin Antoine de Meudon (19 December 1539, by pope Paul III) – Cardinal-Priest of San Crisogono, administrator of the Archdiocese of Toulouse (died 25 November)
Francisco Mendoza de Bobadilla (19 December 1544, by Paul III) – Cardinal-Priest of San Eusebio, bishop of Burgos
Henry of Portugal (16 December 1545, by Paul III) – Cardinal-Priest of Santi Quattro Coronati, Archbishop of Evora, inquisitor general of the Portuguese Inquisition, papal legate in Portugal
Charles I of Lorraine-Guise (27 July 1547, by Paul III) – Cardinal-Priest of Sant' Apollinare, Archbishop of Reims
Charles II de Bourbon-Vandôme (8 January 1548, by Paul III) – Cardinal-Deacon of Santo Sisto, Archbishop of Rouen
Girolamo Dandini (20 November 1551, by Julius III) – Cardinal-Priest of Santo Marcello (died 4 December)
Factions and candidates
The College of Cardinals was divided into three factions: a Spanish one (17 Cardinals headed by cardinals Sforza and Madruzzo), a French one (16 cardinals headed by Ippolito d'Este and de Guise) and an "Italian" one (14 cardinals headed by Carlo Carafa and Alessandro Farnese). A few cardinals remained neutral. The Spanish ambassador, Don Francisco de Vargas Mejía, regularly slipped into the conclave to counsel the Spanish group.
The French candidates for pope were d'Este, Gonzaga and Tournon. The King of France favoured Cardinal Carpi. Philip II of Spain preferred cardinals Carpi, Morone, Puteo, Medici and D'Oler – in short, any candidate other than d'Este or a Frenchman. Cosimo I, Duke of Florence, favored, although no relation, Cardinal Giovanni Angelo de' Medici, younger brother of Gian Giacomo Medici, an Imperial general in Germany and Siena. In total there were over 20 candidates.
For Carlo Carafa, choosing the new pope was literally a matter of life and death and so he mainly used the conclave to obtain guarantees that he and his relatives would not be punished for their abuses. He had one serious advantage – the Italian cardinals nominated by his uncle Paul remained loyal to him. He favoured Carpi and Gonzaga for pope. Although his uncle was an enemy of the Spanish, and encouraged France, Carlo decided to ally himself with the Spanish party.
Course
The papacy was under criticism for failing to address abuses, and the college of cardinals was split between moderates and conservatives, as well as along national lines.
The conclave began on 5 September 1559, with 40 cardinals present. Exploiting the fact that the French cardinals had not yet arrived in Rome, the Spanish faction tried to get Carpi elected by acclamation, but this attempt failed because Sforza (one of the factions leaders) opposed Carpi's election and secretly agreed with d'Este that he should lose.
In this situation, the normal procedures were implemented. On 8 September electors signed the electoral capitulation, requiring the pope who was elected to continue reform of the church and the curia and to resume the deliberations of the council of Trent and promote peace between Christian princes. By the end of September seven more cardinals had arrived in Rome.
For a few weeks voting took place routinely, without any result. Most votes went to minor candidates. The Spanish Pacheco and Cueva were regularly given twelve to twenty votes; on 13 September the Frenchman Leonocourt received 18 votes; on 18 September the absent Cardinal Henry of Portugal was given 15 votes and 5; others voted for at this point included Rebiba, Ghisleri and Saraceni. Rannucio Farnese got 21 votes in the election on the anniversary of his grandfather's election as pope. From 9 September to 16 December 68 fruitless ballots were held.
The front-runners were still trying for office. However, on 18 September, with the support of Cardinal Farnese, cardinal Carpi put himself up as a candidate again. Over the next few rounds he received 11–16 votes. On 22 September the French tried to get cardinal Tournon selected, but his chances were dashed by Carafa's opposition, who supported the Spaniard Pacheco. In the voting that took place that day, Tournon received a total of 20 votes (including 5 by accession) and Pacheco 19 (including 1 by accession).
A few days later, the French agreed with Sforza, leader of the Spanish faction, to support cardinal Gonzaga and push through his election by acclamation. This plan ended in a fiasco, with Gonzadze, Carafa and part of the Spanish faction objecting to it.
On 25 September Philip II's ambassador Vargas arrived in Rome and under his auspices Sforza, Farnese and Carafa met on 2 October. The ambassador suggested Puteo as a candidate instead of Carpi and Pacheco. Farnese and Carafa refused, however, and the meeting was unsuccessful. Around this time Sforza began to fight on two fronts – promising the French faction to keep agitating in favour of Gonzaga and the Italian party that he would do so in favour of Pacheco and Carpi.
At the end of September and start of October, there was extensive exchange of correspondence between the pro-Spanish cardinals and Philip II. Francis II of France and Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor also sent letters to cardinals recommending Gonzaga's candidacy. This breach of the canonical rule that the conclave be held in secret and without any influence from secular leaders outraged the people of Rome into protest, but du Bellay (dean of the College of Cardinals) rejected the objections.
In the second half of October Carafa broke his alliance with Sforza, as Philip II decided to return the fiefdom Palli Colonnie Marcantonio and ordered the Spanish cardinals to prevent the selection of Gonzaga at all costs. Cardinal d'Este allied himself with Carafa, hoping to win the election, but the vote on 1 December showed this was in vain, with many who had promised to vote for him not doing so. The French also – without much success – tried to get cardinals Tournon and Suau elected.
In the first days of December, in agreement with the French, Carafa again proposed Gonzaga, intending to gain his election by acclamation. However, in the meantime, Carafa received a letter removing the expected guarantees from Philip and he and the French returned to their alliance with the Spanish party. He then committed himself in writing to cardinal Sforza that he would not endorse any candidate opposed by Philip II. As a result, this session, which selected cardinal Gonzaga, nearly ended in cardinal Carpi being chosen by acclamation. The protracted conclave led to increasing concern on the streets of Rome, especially since the camerlengo was forced to reduce troop numbers due to financial problems.
After the overthrow of the French-backed Gonzaga, Pisani was suggested as a "transitional pope", but to no avail. Their party in early December waned in numbers – on 1 December cardinal Capodiferro died, while on 13 December du Bellay had to leave the conclave due to illness, handing over his duties as dean of the college to cardinal Tournon. Six days later, Saraceni also left the conclave. The French had lost the ability to block the opposing party's candidates, so the Spaniards tried to push through the election of cardinal Pacheco. In the vote on 18 December the Spanish only missed the necessary majority by three votes.
The Christmas festival was imminent and this led the factions' leaders to make peace and conclude a compromise. At a meeting on 22 December leaders of all three parties met to decide upon a candidate acceptable to all sides. The French suggested cardinal Cesi, the Spaniards suggested cardinal Medici, but Carafa remained undecided. The French were eventually persuaded to back cardinal Medici, who was also strongly supported by the Duke of Florence and Vice-Chancellor Alessandro Farnese. Carafa also finally supported Medici, who promised him an amnesty.
Election
On the evening of 25 December 44 cardinals gathered in the Sistine Chapel and elected Giovanni Angelo Medici as pope by acclamation, ending the longest conclave of the 16th century. The cardinals asked Medici, however, whether he would consent to a scrutiny on the next day. He replied that he would, if they stipulated that the election by acclamation on 25 December was valid and canonical. Next morning, therefore, a Scrutiny was held and forty-four ballots were cast; two cardinals were absent, Saraceni and du Bellay. Medici received every vote except his own. He cast his votes for: François de Tournon, Rodolfo Pio di Carpi, Pedro Pacheco de Villena, Ercole Gonzaga, and Ippolito d'Este. This is another clear indication that the preferential ballot was being used in scrutinies, and that an elector could and did vote for more than one person on a ballot. Giovanni de' Medici took the name Pius IV and on the feast of the Epiphany on 6 January 1560 the Cardinal protodeacon Alessandro Farnese crowned him with the papal tiara.
Within a week of his election Pius promulgated new regulations governing the secrecy of the conclave, to address some of the outside influence on the conclave.
The choice of Pius IV was a reaction to the brutal rule of Paul IV and his nephews. Pius had nothing to do with his predecessor's pride and arrogance and he resumed and completed the Council of Trent. Although he had fathered three children before his consecration as pope, he kept them in obscurity and out of church governance, unlike Pope Paul III and Pope Alexander VI. His only cardinal-nephew was Charles Borromeo, a future saint – as for Paul IV's nephews, he showed no mercy, arresting Carlo and Alfonso in 1560 (Diomede had died just after the conclave), executing Carlo in 1561 and only pardoning Alfonso after he had spent over a year in prison.
References
Sources
L. Pastor, History of the Popes, vol. XV, London 1928.
External links
http://www.pickle-publishing.com/papers/triple-crown-pius-iv.htm
http://www.vaticanhistory.de/kon/html/pius%20iv_.html
1559 in the Papal States
16th-century elections
1559 in politics
1559
1559 in Europe
16th-century Catholicism
December events |
Garin Regional Park is a regional park located in Hayward, California, that is part of the East Bay Regional Parks system. It shares a contiguous border with sister park Dry Creek Pioneer Regional Park. The park is the site of the former Garin Ranch, sold by Andrew J. Garin to the district in 1966.
"Ukraina Honcharenko", the former homestead of Ukrainian political émigré Agapius Honcharenko and a California Historical Landmark, is located in the park.
The park is situated behind the California State University, East Bay campus, and extends south, sharing a border with Pleasanton Ridge Regional Park. Summits in the park reach as high as 1,500 feet. Among the maintained trails, Garin Regional Park features several fenced off abandoned trails, some of which lead deep into the forest.
The park is used by the Hayward Area Athletic League as a high-school cross-country course. It is considered the home course of Moreau Catholic High School. Due to the hilly nature of the course race times are generally slower on this course than comparable distances elsewhere. The 2 and 3 mile trails that are used climb the hills at the front of the park. The entire San Francisco Bay can be viewed from the hills.
The park contains a small historic apple orchard with heirloom varieties. The park hosts the Garin Apple Festival in late Summer, with apples available for tasting.
Ukraina
Ukraina was the former home, and final resting place of Agapius Honcharenko and his wife, Albina. The site, located within Garin Regional Park and dedicated on May 15, 1999, is listed on the California Historical Landmarks list. Honcharenko lived on the property, totaling 40 acres, for 43 years during the 19th and 20th century. In 1902, the property emerged as a commune when a group of Ukrainian Canadians moved to the area. The commune eventually dissolved due to management disagreements. Honcharenko went on to live on, work on, and own the property until his death in 1916. The property was then owned, until 1991, by the Meillke family. In 1991, the East Bay Regional Park District acquired the property.
It took approximately 30 years for the property to be dedicated a historical landmark. This was primarily due to disagreements between the Russian-American and Ukrainian-American communities as to whom Honcharenko "belonged" to. Eventually it was settled in the Ukrainian favor and the place was named "Ukraina," by the Ukrainian American Honcharenko Committee. Today, the property consists of the gravesite of the Honcharenko's, the foundation of a chicken coop, and a grotto used by Honcharenko for religious purposes. The grotto consists of a wind cave, six feet by three feet, that was cut out of a sandstone cliff. Wall paintings exist in the grotto. Honcharenko's house stood on site until the 1950s, when it was demolished by the Meillke family due to vandalism. Olive trees still stand on the property. They were originally planted by Honcharenko. At the dedication ceremony in 1999, approximately 400 people of Ukrainian descent living in the United States attended.
References
External links
Garin/Dry Creek Regional Park official web page
East Bay Regional Park District
Parks in Hayward, California
Ukrainian-American history
Ukrainian-American culture in California
Bay Area Ridge Trail
Protected areas established in 1966
1966 establishments in California |
```c++
/*=============================================================================
Use modification and distribution are subject to the Boost Software
path_to_url
==============================================================================*/
#if !defined(BOOST_FUSION_FUNCTIONAL_ADAPTER_UNFUSED_TYPED_HPP_INCLUDED)
#if !defined(BOOST_PP_IS_ITERATING)
#include <boost/preprocessor/cat.hpp>
#include <boost/preprocessor/iteration/iterate.hpp>
#include <boost/preprocessor/repetition/enum.hpp>
#include <boost/preprocessor/repetition/enum_params.hpp>
#include <boost/preprocessor/repetition/enum_trailing_params.hpp>
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <boost/utility/result_of.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/support/detail/access.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/sequence/intrinsic/value_at.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/sequence/intrinsic/size.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/container/vector/vector.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/container/vector/convert.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/functional/adapter/limits.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/functional/adapter/detail/access.hpp>
#if defined (BOOST_MSVC)
# pragma warning(push)
# pragma warning (disable: 4512) // assignment operator could not be generated.
#endif
namespace boost { namespace fusion
{
template <class Function, class Sequence> class unfused_typed;
//----- ---- --- -- - - - -
namespace detail
{
template <class Derived, class Function,
class Sequence, long Arity>
struct unfused_typed_impl;
}
template <class Function, class Sequence>
class unfused_typed
: public detail::unfused_typed_impl
< unfused_typed<Function,Sequence>, Function, Sequence,
result_of::size<Sequence>::value >
{
Function fnc_transformed;
template <class D, class F, class S, long A>
friend struct detail::unfused_typed_impl;
typedef typename detail::call_param<Function>::type func_const_fwd_t;
public:
BOOST_CONSTEXPR BOOST_FUSION_GPU_ENABLED
inline explicit unfused_typed(func_const_fwd_t f = Function())
: fnc_transformed(f)
{ }
};
#define BOOST_PP_FILENAME_1 <boost/fusion/functional/adapter/unfused_typed.hpp>
#define BOOST_PP_ITERATION_LIMITS (0,BOOST_FUSION_UNFUSED_TYPED_MAX_ARITY)
#include BOOST_PP_ITERATE()
}}
#if defined (BOOST_MSVC)
# pragma warning(pop)
#endif
namespace boost
{
#if !defined(BOOST_RESULT_OF_USE_DECLTYPE) || defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_DECLTYPE)
template<class F, class Seq>
struct result_of< boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq> const () >
: boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq>::template result<
boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq> const () >
{ };
template<class F, class Seq>
struct result_of< boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq>() >
: boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq>::template result<
boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq> () >
{ };
#endif
template<class F, class Seq>
struct tr1_result_of< boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq> const () >
: boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq>::template result<
boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq> const () >
{ };
template<class F, class Seq>
struct tr1_result_of< boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq>() >
: boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq>::template result<
boost::fusion::unfused_typed<F,Seq> () >
{ };
}
#define BOOST_FUSION_FUNCTIONAL_ADAPTER_UNFUSED_TYPED_HPP_INCLUDED
#else // defined(BOOST_PP_IS_ITERATING)
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Preprocessor vertical repetition code
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#define N BOOST_PP_ITERATION()
namespace detail
{
template <class Derived, class Function, class Sequence>
struct unfused_typed_impl<Derived,Function,Sequence,N>
{
typedef typename detail::qf_c<Function>::type function_c;
typedef typename detail::qf<Function>::type function;
typedef typename result_of::as_vector<Sequence>::type arg_vector_t;
public:
#define M(z,i,s) \
typename call_param<typename result_of::value_at_c<s,i>::type>::type a##i
BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR BOOST_FUSION_GPU_ENABLED
inline typename boost::result_of<
function_c(arg_vector_t &) >::type
operator()(BOOST_PP_ENUM(N,M,arg_vector_t)) const
{
#if N > 0
arg_vector_t arg(BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(N,a));
#else
arg_vector_t arg;
#endif
return static_cast<Derived const *>(this)->fnc_transformed(arg);
}
BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR BOOST_FUSION_GPU_ENABLED
inline typename boost::result_of<
function(arg_vector_t &) >::type
operator()(BOOST_PP_ENUM(N,M,arg_vector_t))
{
#if N > 0
arg_vector_t arg(BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(N,a));
#else
arg_vector_t arg;
#endif
return static_cast<Derived *>(this)->fnc_transformed(arg);
}
#undef M
template <typename Sig> struct result { typedef void type; };
template <class Self BOOST_PP_ENUM_TRAILING_PARAMS(N,typename T)>
struct result< Self const (BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(N,T)) >
: boost::result_of< function_c(arg_vector_t &) >
{ };
template <class Self BOOST_PP_ENUM_TRAILING_PARAMS(N,typename T)>
struct result< Self (BOOST_PP_ENUM_PARAMS(N,T)) >
: boost::result_of< function(arg_vector_t &) >
{ };
};
} // namespace detail
#undef N
#endif // defined(BOOST_PP_IS_ITERATING)
#endif
``` |
Peter Keeley, who uses the pseudonym Kevin Fulton, is a British agent from Newry, Northern Ireland, who allegedly spied on the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) for MI5. He is believed to be in London, where he is suing the Crown, claiming his military handlers cut off their connections and financial aid to him. In 2004, he reportedly sued the Andersonstown News, an Irish republican news outlet in Belfast, for revealing his identity as well as publishing his photograph. The result of that suit has not been made public.
Background
Fulton's real name is purportedly Peter Keeley, a Catholic from Newry, who joined the Royal Irish Rangers at the age of 18. He was selected and trained by the Intelligence Corps and returned to civilian life to infiltrate the IRA. He reportedly gave evidence to the Smithwick Tribunal, in which he reasserted his claim that Garda Owen Corrigan was a double agent for the IRA.
Undercover activity
In Unsung Hero, Fulton claims he worked undercover as a British Army agent within the IRA. He was believed to have operated predominantly inside the IRA's South Down Brigade, as well as concentrating on the heavy IRA activity in South Armagh. Fulton and four members of his IRA unit in Newry reportedly pioneered the use of flash guns to detonate bombs.
In one incident, Fulton was questioned on responsibility for designing firing mechanisms used in a horizontal mortar attack on a Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) armoured patrol car on Merchants Quay, Newry, County Down, on 27 March 1992. Colleen McMurray, a constable (aged 34) died and another constable was seriously injured. Fulton claims he tipped off his MI5 handler that an attack was likely.
Arrest
On 5 November 2006, he was released without charge after being arrested in London, and transferred to Belfast to be questioned about his knowledge or involvement in the deaths of Irish People's Liberation Organisation member Eoin Morley (aged 23), Royal Ulster Constabulary officer Colleen McMurray (34), and Ranger Cyril Smith (aged 21). "I personally did not kill people", he stated. His lawyers asked the British Ministry of Defence to provide him and his family with new identities, relocation and immediate implementation of the complete financial package, including his army pension and other discharge benefits, which he had been reportedly promised by the MoD for his covert tour of duty. His ex-wife, Margaret Keeley, filed a lawsuit in early 2014 for full access to documents relating to her ex-husband. She claims to have been wrongfully arrested and falsely imprisoned during a three-day period in 1994 following a purported attempt by the IRA to assassinate a senior detective in East Belfast.
Legal cases
On 26 November 2013, it was reported that The Irish News had won a legal battle after a judge ruled against Keeley's lawsuit against the newspaper for breach of privacy and copyright, by publishing his photograph, which thereby also, he argued, endangered his life. Belfast District Judge Isobel Brownlie stated at least twice that she was not impressed with Keeley's evidence and described him as "disingenuous". Under British law, Keeley will also be billed for the newspaper's legal costs.
On 31 January 2014, the Belfast High Court ruled that Fulton had to pay damages to Eilish Morley, the mother of IPLO member Eoin Morley, shot dead at age 23 by the IRA. The order was issued based upon his failure to appear in court. The scale of the pay-out for which he is liable was to be assessed at a later stage but was never published.
References
External links
"Ex-IRA mole is released by police", BBC News, 5 November 2006.
"Former spy released without charge", RTÉ News, 6 November 2006.
"Kevin Fulton" profile, lesenfantsterribles.org; accessed 4 May 2014.
November 2021
"Former British spy sued over alleged roll in IRA shooting", The Belfast Newsletter; 13 November 2021.
November 2021
"Peter Keeley", KRW Law; Jun 21, 2014.
November 2022
"Former British agent Peter Keeley working for far-right leader Tommy Robinson, book claims", Irish News; 14 November, 2022.
March 2022
"Former British spy inside the IRA facing up to 25 lawsuits in connection with paramilitary murders and attacks", Irish News; 11 March, 2022..
"Far-right activist Tommy Robinson ‘using former IRA mole to spy on opponents’", The Guardian; 13 November, 2022.
August 2023
"For twenty years, he has given his side of the story, using the pseudonym ‘Kevin Fulton’ but there’s much more to tell. In tonight’s film, some of those victims and families, from both sides of the community, tell their story exclusively to Up Close, UTV Thursday 3 August at 1:07 pm.
1960s births
British spies
Living people
Military personnel from Newry
Provisional Irish Republican Army members
Irish spies during The Troubles (Northern Ireland)
Royal Irish Rangers soldiers |
```c
/*++
version 3. Alternative licensing terms are available. Contact
info@minocacorp.com for details. See the LICENSE file at the root of this
project for complete licensing information.
Module Name:
memory.c
Abstract:
This module implements UEFI-specific memory management support.
Author:
Evan Green 11-Feb-2014
Environment:
Boot
--*/
//
// your_sha256_hash--- Includes
//
#include <minoca/kernel/kernel.h>
#include <minoca/uefi/uefi.h>
#include "firmware.h"
#include "bootlib.h"
#include "efisup.h"
//
// your_sha256_hash Definitions
//
//
// Define the number of extra descriptors to give EFI despite what they
// reported.
//
#define EFI_EXTRA_DESCRIPTOR_COUNT 10
//
// Define the number of descriptors the loader is probably going to create.
//
#define EFI_LOADER_DESCRIPTOR_ESTIMATE 50
//
// ------------------------------------------------------ Data Type Definitions
//
//
// ----------------------------------------------- Internal Function Prototypes
//
EFI_STATUS
BopEfiGetMemoryMap (
UINTN *MemoryMapSize,
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *MemoryMap,
UINTN *MapKey,
UINTN *DescriptorSize,
UINT32 *DescriptorVersion
);
EFI_STATUS
BopEfiAllocatePages (
EFI_ALLOCATE_TYPE Type,
EFI_MEMORY_TYPE MemoryType,
UINTN Pages,
EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS *Memory
);
EFI_STATUS
BopEfiFreePages (
EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS Memory,
UINTN Pages
);
EFI_STATUS
BopEfiSetVirtualAddressMap (
UINTN MemoryMapSize,
UINTN DescriptorSize,
UINT32 DescriptorVersion,
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *VirtualMap
);
VOID
BopEfiDestroyDescriptorIterator (
PMEMORY_DESCRIPTOR_LIST DescriptorList,
PMEMORY_DESCRIPTOR Descriptor,
PVOID Context
);
MEMORY_TYPE
BopEfiConvertFromEfiMemoryType (
EFI_MEMORY_TYPE EfiMemoryType
);
BOOL
BopEfiDoMemoryTypesAgree (
EFI_MEMORY_TYPE EfiType,
MEMORY_TYPE MemoryType
);
//
// your_sha256_hash---- Globals
//
//
// Store the allocation containing the memory descriptors for the memory map.
// This is the first allocation to arrive and the last to go, as it contains
// the list of other allocations to clean up.
//
EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS BoEfiDescriptorAllocation;
UINTN BoEfiDescriptorAllocationPageCount;
//
// your_sha256_hash-- Functions
//
KSTATUS
BopEfiInitializeMemory (
VOID
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine initializes memory services for the boot loader.
Arguments:
None.
Return Value:
Status code.
--*/
{
MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR Descriptor;
UINTN DescriptorCount;
UINTN DescriptorIndex;
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *EfiDescriptor;
UINTN EfiDescriptorSize;
UINT32 EfiDescriptorVersion;
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *EfiMap;
EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS EfiMapAllocation;
UINTN EfiMapKey;
UINTN EfiMapSize;
UINTN EfiPageCount;
EFI_STATUS EfiStatus;
EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS LoaderDescriptorAllocation;
UINTN LoaderDescriptorPageCount;
UINTN LoaderDescriptorSize;
KSTATUS Status;
EfiMapAllocation = INVALID_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS;
EfiMapSize = 0;
EfiPageCount = 0;
LoaderDescriptorAllocation = INVALID_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS;
LoaderDescriptorPageCount = 0;
MmMdInitDescriptorList(&BoMemoryMap, MdlAllocationSourceNone);
//
// Get the memory map size.
//
BopEfiGetMemoryMap(&EfiMapSize,
NULL,
&EfiMapKey,
&EfiDescriptorSize,
&EfiDescriptorVersion);
if ((EfiDescriptorSize < sizeof(EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR)) ||
(EfiMapSize == 0)) {
Status = STATUS_INVALID_CONFIGURATION;
goto EfiInitializeMemoryEnd;
}
//
// Allocate enough pages to hold the entire set of EFI memory map
// descriptors.
//
EfiMapSize += EFI_EXTRA_DESCRIPTOR_COUNT * EfiDescriptorSize;
EfiMapSize = ALIGN_RANGE_UP(EfiMapSize, EFI_PAGE_SIZE);
EfiPageCount = EfiMapSize >> EFI_PAGE_SHIFT;
EfiMapAllocation = MAX_UINTN;
EfiStatus = BopEfiAllocatePages(AllocateMaxAddress,
EfiLoaderData,
EfiPageCount,
&EfiMapAllocation);
if (EFI_ERROR(EfiStatus)) {
Status = BopEfiStatusToKStatus(EfiStatus);
goto EfiInitializeMemoryEnd;
}
ASSERT((UINTN)EfiMapAllocation == EfiMapAllocation);
EfiMap = (PVOID)(UINTN)EfiMapAllocation;
//
// Also allocate enough pages to create memory descriptors for each of
// EFI's memory descriptors, and then some.
//
DescriptorCount = (EfiMapSize / EfiDescriptorSize) +
EFI_LOADER_DESCRIPTOR_ESTIMATE;
LoaderDescriptorSize = DescriptorCount * sizeof(MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR);
LoaderDescriptorSize = ALIGN_RANGE_UP(LoaderDescriptorSize, EFI_PAGE_SIZE);
LoaderDescriptorPageCount = LoaderDescriptorSize >> EFI_PAGE_SHIFT;
LoaderDescriptorAllocation = MAX_UINTN;
EfiStatus = BopEfiAllocatePages(AllocateMaxAddress,
EfiLoaderData,
LoaderDescriptorPageCount,
&LoaderDescriptorAllocation);
if (EFI_ERROR(EfiStatus)) {
Status = BopEfiStatusToKStatus(EfiStatus);
goto EfiInitializeMemoryEnd;
}
//
// Add these descriptors to the boot memory map so it has enough to
// contain the whole memory map.
//
ASSERT((UINTN)LoaderDescriptorAllocation == LoaderDescriptorAllocation);
MmMdAddFreeDescriptorsToMdl(
&BoMemoryMap,
(PMEMORY_DESCRIPTOR)(UINTN)LoaderDescriptorAllocation,
LoaderDescriptorSize);
BoEfiDescriptorAllocation = LoaderDescriptorAllocation;
BoEfiDescriptorAllocationPageCount = LoaderDescriptorPageCount;
LoaderDescriptorAllocation = INVALID_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS;
//
// Now get the memory map for real this time.
//
EfiStatus = BopEfiGetMemoryMap(&EfiMapSize,
EfiMap,
&EfiMapKey,
&EfiDescriptorSize,
&EfiDescriptorVersion);
if (EFI_ERROR(EfiStatus)) {
Status = BopEfiStatusToKStatus(EfiStatus);
goto EfiInitializeMemoryEnd;
}
//
// Loop through the descriptors, matching descriptors.
//
ASSERT(BoMemoryMap.DescriptorCount == 0);
DescriptorIndex = 0;
while ((DescriptorIndex + 1) * EfiDescriptorSize <= EfiMapSize) {
EfiDescriptor = (EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *)((PVOID)EfiMap +
(DescriptorIndex * EfiDescriptorSize));
DescriptorIndex += 1;
Descriptor.BaseAddress = EfiDescriptor->PhysicalStart;
Descriptor.Size = EfiDescriptor->NumberOfPages << EFI_PAGE_SHIFT;
Descriptor.Type = BopEfiConvertFromEfiMemoryType(EfiDescriptor->Type);
Descriptor.Flags = 0;
Status = MmMdAddDescriptorToList(&BoMemoryMap, &Descriptor);
if (!KSUCCESS(Status)) {
goto EfiInitializeMemoryEnd;
}
}
Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
EfiInitializeMemoryEnd:
if (LoaderDescriptorAllocation != INVALID_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS) {
BopEfiFreePages(LoaderDescriptorAllocation, LoaderDescriptorPageCount);
}
if (EfiMapAllocation != INVALID_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS) {
BopEfiFreePages(EfiMapAllocation, EfiPageCount);
}
return Status;
}
VOID
BopEfiDestroyMemory (
VOID
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine cleans up memory services upon failure.
Arguments:
None.
Return Value:
None.
--*/
{
//
// If the memory subsystem was never initialized, there's nothing to do.
//
if (BoEfiDescriptorAllocationPageCount == 0) {
return;
}
//
// This function makes some assumptions about page sizes.
//
ASSERT(MmPageSize() == EFI_PAGE_SIZE);
//
// Loop through every descriptor in the memory map, and free any that were
// allocated by the loader.
//
MmMdIterate(&BoMemoryMap, BopEfiDestroyDescriptorIterator, NULL);
//
// Finally, free the allocation that hold the memory descriptors.
//
BopEfiFreePages(BoEfiDescriptorAllocation,
BoEfiDescriptorAllocationPageCount);
BoEfiDescriptorAllocation = INVALID_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS;
BoEfiDescriptorAllocationPageCount = 0;
return;
}
KSTATUS
BopEfiLoaderAllocatePages (
PULONGLONG Address,
ULONGLONG Size,
MEMORY_TYPE MemoryType
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine allocates physical pages for use.
Arguments:
Address - Supplies a pointer to where the allocation will be returned.
Size - Supplies the size of the required space, in bytes.
MemoryType - Supplies the type of memory to mark the allocation as.
Return Value:
STATUS_SUCCESS if the allocation was successful.
STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER if a page count of 0 was passed or the address
parameter was not filled out.
STATUS_NO_MEMORY if the allocation request could not be filled.
--*/
{
EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS Allocation;
MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR Descriptor;
EFI_STATUS EfiStatus;
UINTN PageCount;
KSTATUS Status;
//
// This will need to be handled on migration to an architecture with
// differently sized pages.
//
ASSERT(MmPageSize() == EFI_PAGE_SIZE);
//
// More asserts that need to be handled if they come up.
//
ASSERT((Size & EFI_PAGE_MASK) == 0);
PageCount = Size >> EFI_PAGE_SHIFT;
Allocation = MAX_UINTN;
EfiStatus = BopEfiAllocatePages(AllocateMaxAddress,
EfiLoaderData,
PageCount,
&Allocation);
if (EFI_ERROR(EfiStatus)) {
Status = BopEfiStatusToKStatus(EfiStatus);
goto EfiLoaderAllocatePagesEnd;
}
//
// This assert is here to remind everyone that if the loader exits in
// error, it's responsible for freeing all of its allocations. The code in
// destroy knows to look for these types in the MDL to free. If folks in
// the loader are allocating other types they'll need to be dealt with
// there. It's important that those types of allocations not be confused
// with any that might come from the initial EFI memory map, otherwise the
// destroy routine won't be able to know what to free.
//
ASSERT((MemoryType == MemoryTypePageTables) ||
(MemoryType == MemoryTypeBootPageTables) ||
(MemoryType == MemoryTypeLoaderTemporary) ||
(MemoryType == MemoryTypeLoaderPermanent));
//
// Also add the descriptor to the list.
//
RtlZeroMemory(&Descriptor, sizeof(MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR));
Descriptor.BaseAddress = Allocation;
Descriptor.Size = PageCount << EFI_PAGE_SHIFT;
Descriptor.Type = MemoryType;
Status = MmMdAddDescriptorToList(&BoMemoryMap, &Descriptor);
if (!KSUCCESS(Status)) {
goto EfiLoaderAllocatePagesEnd;
}
Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
EfiLoaderAllocatePagesEnd:
*Address = Allocation;
return Status;
}
KSTATUS
BopEfiSynchronizeMemoryMap (
PUINTN Key
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine synchronizes the EFI memory map with the boot memory map.
Arguments:
Key - Supplies a pointer where the latest EFI memory map key will be
returned.
Return Value:
Status code.
--*/
{
BOOL Agree;
ULONGLONG CurrentBase;
PMEMORY_DESCRIPTOR Descriptor;
ULONGLONG DescriptorEnd;
UINTN DescriptorIndex;
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *EfiDescriptor;
UINTN EfiDescriptorSize;
UINT32 EfiDescriptorVersion;
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *EfiMap;
UINTN EfiMapKey;
UINTN EfiMapSize;
BOOL Failed;
MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR NewDescriptor;
KSTATUS Status;
EfiMap = NULL;
EfiMapKey = 0;
RtlZeroMemory(&NewDescriptor, sizeof(MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR));
Status = BopEfiGetAllocatedMemoryMap(&EfiMapSize,
&EfiMap,
&EfiMapKey,
&EfiDescriptorSize,
&EfiDescriptorVersion);
if (!KSUCCESS(Status)) {
goto EfiSynchronizeMemoryMapEnd;
}
//
// Loop over each EFI memory descriptor.
//
Failed = FALSE;
DescriptorIndex = 0;
while ((DescriptorIndex + 1) * EfiDescriptorSize <= EfiMapSize) {
EfiDescriptor = (EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *)((PVOID)EfiMap +
(DescriptorIndex * EfiDescriptorSize));
DescriptorIndex += 1;
//
// Loop until the entire EFI descriptor is covered by a boot descriptor.
//
CurrentBase = EfiDescriptor->PhysicalStart;
DescriptorEnd = CurrentBase +
(EfiDescriptor->NumberOfPages << EFI_PAGE_SHIFT);
while (CurrentBase < DescriptorEnd) {
Descriptor = MmMdLookupDescriptor(&BoMemoryMap,
CurrentBase,
CurrentBase + 1);
//
// Add the descriptor to the OS list under any of the following
// conditions:
// 1) There is no descriptor there.
// 2) The loader thinks it's free but the firmware says it's not.
// 3) The firmware says it's free but the loader thought it wasn't.
//
if ((Descriptor == NULL) ||
((Descriptor->Type == MemoryTypeFree) &&
(EfiDescriptor->Type != EfiConventionalMemory)) ||
((EfiDescriptor->Type == EfiConventionalMemory) &&
(Descriptor->Type != MemoryTypeFree))) {
//
// Assert that if the firmware thinks it's free, the loader
// must have had it marked as firmware temporary.
//
ASSERT((EfiDescriptor->Type != EfiConventionalMemory) ||
(Descriptor->Type == MemoryTypeFirmwareTemporary));
NewDescriptor.Type =
BopEfiConvertFromEfiMemoryType(EfiDescriptor->Type);
NewDescriptor.BaseAddress = CurrentBase;
NewDescriptor.Size = DescriptorEnd - CurrentBase;
Status = MmMdAddDescriptorToList(&BoMemoryMap,
&NewDescriptor);
if (!KSUCCESS(Status)) {
RtlDebugPrint("Failed to add memory descriptor type %d, "
"0x%I64x - 0x%I64x: Status %d\n",
NewDescriptor.Type,
NewDescriptor.BaseAddress,
NewDescriptor.Size,
Status);
goto EfiSynchronizeMemoryMapEnd;
}
CurrentBase = DescriptorEnd;
//
// If there is something there, verify it agrees with the boot
// descriptor.
//
} else {
Agree = BopEfiDoMemoryTypesAgree(EfiDescriptor->Type,
Descriptor->Type);
if (Agree == FALSE) {
RtlDebugPrint("Error: Memory conflict!\nEFI Descriptor "
"type %d, PA 0x%I64x, %I64d pages, 0x%I64x.\n"
"Boot Descriptor type %d, PA 0x%I64x, size "
"0x%I64x.\n",
EfiDescriptor->Type,
EfiDescriptor->PhysicalStart,
EfiDescriptor->NumberOfPages,
EfiDescriptor->Attribute,
Descriptor->Type,
Descriptor->BaseAddress,
Descriptor->Size);
Failed = TRUE;
}
CurrentBase = Descriptor->BaseAddress + Descriptor->Size;
}
}
}
if (Failed != FALSE) {
Status = STATUS_MEMORY_CONFLICT;
goto EfiSynchronizeMemoryMapEnd;
}
Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
EfiSynchronizeMemoryMapEnd:
if (EfiMap != NULL) {
BoFreeMemory(EfiMap);
}
*Key = EfiMapKey;
return Status;
}
KSTATUS
BopEfiVirtualizeFirmwareServices (
UINTN MemoryMapSize,
UINTN DescriptorSize,
UINT32 DescriptorVersion,
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *VirtualMap
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine changes the runtime addressing mode of EFI firmware from
physical to virtual.
Arguments:
MemoryMapSize - Supplies the size of the virtual map.
DescriptorSize - Supplies the size of an entry in the virtual map.
DescriptorVersion - Supplies the version of the structure entries in the
virtual map.
VirtualMap - Supplies the array of memory descriptors which contain the
new virtual address mappings for all runtime ranges.
Return Value:
Status code.
--*/
{
EFI_STATUS EfiStatus;
KSTATUS Status;
EfiStatus = BopEfiSetVirtualAddressMap(MemoryMapSize,
DescriptorSize,
DescriptorVersion,
VirtualMap);
if (EFI_ERROR(EfiStatus)) {
Status = BopEfiStatusToKStatus(EfiStatus);
goto EfiVirtualizeFirmwareServicesEnd;
}
BoEfiRuntimeServices = BoEfiSystemTable->RuntimeServices;
Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
EfiVirtualizeFirmwareServicesEnd:
return Status;
}
KSTATUS
BopEfiGetAllocatedMemoryMap (
UINTN *MemoryMapSize,
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR **MemoryMap,
UINTN *MapKey,
UINTN *DescriptorSize,
UINT32 *DescriptorVersion
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine returns the current memory map.
Arguments:
MemoryMapSize - Supplies a pointer where the size in bytes of the map
buffer will be returned.
MemoryMap - Supplies a pointer where a pointer to the memory map will be
returned on success. The caller is responsible for freeing this memory.
MapKey - Supplies a pointer where the map key will be returned on success.
DescriptorSize - Supplies a pointer where the firmware returns the size of
the EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR structure.
DescriptorVersion - Supplies a pointer where the firmware returns the
version number associated with the EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR structure.
Return Value:
Status code.
--*/
{
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *EfiMap;
UINTN EfiMapSize;
EFI_STATUS EfiStatus;
KSTATUS Status;
EfiMap = NULL;
//
// Get the memory map size.
//
EfiMapSize = 0;
BopEfiGetMemoryMap(&EfiMapSize,
NULL,
MapKey,
DescriptorSize,
DescriptorVersion);
if ((*DescriptorSize < sizeof(EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR)) ||
(EfiMapSize == 0)) {
Status = STATUS_INVALID_CONFIGURATION;
goto EfiGetEfiMemoryMap;
}
//
// Allocate enough pages to hold the entire set of EFI memory map
// descriptors.
//
EfiMapSize += EFI_EXTRA_DESCRIPTOR_COUNT * *DescriptorSize;
EfiMap = BoAllocateMemory(EfiMapSize);
if (EfiMap == NULL) {
Status = STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES;
goto EfiGetEfiMemoryMap;
}
EfiStatus = BopEfiGetMemoryMap(&EfiMapSize,
EfiMap,
MapKey,
DescriptorSize,
DescriptorVersion);
if (EFI_ERROR(EfiStatus)) {
Status = BopEfiStatusToKStatus(EfiStatus);
goto EfiGetEfiMemoryMap;
}
*MemoryMapSize = EfiMapSize;
Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
EfiGetEfiMemoryMap:
if (!KSUCCESS(Status)) {
if (EfiMap != NULL) {
BoFreeMemory(EfiMap);
EfiMap = NULL;
}
}
*MemoryMap = EfiMap;
return Status;
}
//
// --------------------------------------------------------- Internal Functions
//
EFI_STATUS
BopEfiGetMemoryMap (
UINTN *MemoryMapSize,
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *MemoryMap,
UINTN *MapKey,
UINTN *DescriptorSize,
UINT32 *DescriptorVersion
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine returns the current memory map.
Arguments:
MemoryMapSize - Supplies a pointer to the size, in bytes, of the memory
map buffer. On input, this is the size of the buffer allocated by the
caller. On output, this is the size of the buffer returned by the
firmware if the buffer was large enough, or the size of the buffer
needed if the buffer was too small.
MemoryMap - Supplies a pointer to a caller-allocated buffer where the
memory map will be written on success.
MapKey - Supplies a pointer where the firmware returns the map key.
DescriptorSize - Supplies a pointer where the firmware returns the size of
the EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR structure.
DescriptorVersion - Supplies a pointer where the firmware returns the
version number associated with the EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR structure.
Return Value:
EFI status code.
--*/
{
EFI_STATUS Status;
BopEfiRestoreFirmwareContext();
Status = BoEfiBootServices->GetMemoryMap(MemoryMapSize,
MemoryMap,
MapKey,
DescriptorSize,
DescriptorVersion);
BopEfiRestoreApplicationContext();
return Status;
}
EFI_STATUS
BopEfiAllocatePages (
EFI_ALLOCATE_TYPE Type,
EFI_MEMORY_TYPE MemoryType,
UINTN Pages,
EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS *Memory
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine allocates memory pages from the firmware.
Arguments:
Type - Supplies the allocation strategy to use.
MemoryType - Supplies the memory type of the allocation.
Pages - Supplies the number of contiguous EFI_PAGE_SIZE pages.
Memory - Supplies a pointer that on input contains a physical address whose
use depends on the allocation strategy. On output, the physical address
of the allocation will be returned.
Return Value:
EFI status code.
--*/
{
EFI_STATUS Status;
BopEfiRestoreFirmwareContext();
Status = BoEfiBootServices->AllocatePages(Type, MemoryType, Pages, Memory);
BopEfiRestoreApplicationContext();
return Status;
}
EFI_STATUS
BopEfiFreePages (
EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS Memory,
UINTN Pages
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine frees memory pages back to the system.
Arguments:
Memory - Supplies the base physical address of the allocation to free.
Pages - Supplies the number of pages to free.
Return Value:
EFI status code.
--*/
{
EFI_STATUS Status;
BopEfiRestoreFirmwareContext();
Status = BoEfiBootServices->FreePages(Memory, Pages);
BopEfiRestoreApplicationContext();
return Status;
}
EFI_STATUS
BopEfiSetVirtualAddressMap (
UINTN MemoryMapSize,
UINTN DescriptorSize,
UINT32 DescriptorVersion,
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *VirtualMap
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine changes the runtime addressing mode of EFI firmware from
physical to virtual.
Arguments:
MemoryMapSize - Supplies the size of the virtual map.
DescriptorSize - Supplies the size of an entry in the virtual map.
DescriptorVersion - Supplies the version of the structure entries in the
virtual map.
VirtualMap - Supplies the array of memory descriptors which contain the
new virtual address mappings for all runtime ranges.
Return Value:
EFI status code.
--*/
{
EFI_STATUS Status;
BopEfiRestoreFirmwareContext();
Status = BoEfiRuntimeServices->SetVirtualAddressMap(MemoryMapSize,
DescriptorSize,
DescriptorVersion,
VirtualMap);
BopEfiRestoreApplicationContext();
return Status;
}
VOID
BopEfiDestroyDescriptorIterator (
PMEMORY_DESCRIPTOR_LIST DescriptorList,
PMEMORY_DESCRIPTOR Descriptor,
PVOID Context
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine is called once for each descriptor in the memory descriptor
list.
Arguments:
DescriptorList - Supplies a pointer to the descriptor list being iterated
over.
Descriptor - Supplies a pointer to the current descriptor.
Context - Supplies an optional opaque pointer of context that was provided
when the iteration was requested.
Return Value:
None.
--*/
{
UINTN PageCount;
//
// Skip any regions that aren't loader allocations.
//
if ((Descriptor->Type != MemoryTypePageTables) &&
(Descriptor->Type != MemoryTypeBootPageTables) &&
(Descriptor->Type != MemoryTypeLoaderTemporary) &&
(Descriptor->Type != MemoryTypeLoaderPermanent)) {
return;
}
ASSERT((Descriptor->Size & EFI_PAGE_MASK) == 0);
ASSERT((Descriptor->BaseAddress & EFI_PAGE_MASK) == 0);
PageCount = Descriptor->Size >> EFI_PAGE_SHIFT;
BopEfiFreePages(Descriptor->BaseAddress, PageCount);
return;
}
MEMORY_TYPE
BopEfiConvertFromEfiMemoryType (
EFI_MEMORY_TYPE EfiMemoryType
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine converts an EFI memory type into an OS memory type.
Arguments:
EfiMemoryType - Supplies the EFI memory type.
Return Value:
Returns a conversion of the memory type. If unknown, returns firmware
permanent memory.
--*/
{
MEMORY_TYPE Type;
Type = MemoryTypeFirmwarePermanent;
switch (EfiMemoryType) {
case EfiLoaderCode:
case EfiLoaderData:
case EfiBootServicesCode:
case EfiBootServicesData:
Type = MemoryTypeFirmwareTemporary;
break;
case EfiRuntimeServicesCode:
case EfiRuntimeServicesData:
break;
case EfiConventionalMemory:
Type = MemoryTypeFree;
break;
case EfiUnusableMemory:
Type = MemoryTypeBad;
break;
case EfiACPIReclaimMemory:
Type = MemoryTypeAcpiTables;
break;
case EfiACPIMemoryNVS:
Type = MemoryTypeAcpiNvStorage;
break;
case EfiMemoryMappedIO:
case EfiMemoryMappedIOPortSpace:
case EfiPalCode:
case EfiReservedMemoryType:
default:
break;
}
return Type;
}
BOOL
BopEfiDoMemoryTypesAgree (
EFI_MEMORY_TYPE EfiType,
MEMORY_TYPE MemoryType
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine determines if an EFI memory type agrees with an OS memory type.
Arguments:
EfiType - Supplies the EFI memory type.
MemoryType - Supplies the OS memory type.
Return Value:
TRUE if the OS memory type appropriately describes the EFI memory type.
FALSE otherwise.
--*/
{
BOOL Agree;
Agree = FALSE;
switch (EfiType) {
case EfiLoaderCode:
case EfiLoaderData:
case EfiBootServicesCode:
case EfiBootServicesData:
switch (MemoryType) {
case MemoryTypeFirmwareTemporary:
case MemoryTypeLoaderTemporary:
case MemoryTypeLoaderPermanent:
case MemoryTypePageTables:
case MemoryTypeBootPageTables:
Agree = TRUE;
break;
default:
break;
}
break;
case EfiRuntimeServicesCode:
case EfiRuntimeServicesData:
if ((MemoryType == MemoryTypeFirmwarePermanent) ||
(MemoryType == MemoryTypeAcpiTables)) {
Agree = TRUE;
}
break;
case EfiConventionalMemory:
if (MemoryType == MemoryTypeFree) {
Agree = TRUE;
}
break;
case EfiUnusableMemory:
if (MemoryType == MemoryTypeBad) {
Agree = TRUE;
}
break;
case EfiACPIReclaimMemory:
if (MemoryType == MemoryTypeAcpiTables) {
Agree = TRUE;
}
break;
case EfiACPIMemoryNVS:
if (MemoryType == MemoryTypeAcpiNvStorage) {
Agree = TRUE;
}
break;
case EfiMemoryMappedIO:
case EfiMemoryMappedIOPortSpace:
case EfiPalCode:
case EfiReservedMemoryType:
default:
if (MemoryType == MemoryTypeFirmwarePermanent) {
Agree = TRUE;
}
break;
}
return Agree;
}
``` |
"Prada" is a single by American rappers 24kGoldn and Lil Tecca, released on October 8, 2021. It was produced by Cxdy, Humblebee, OVRCZ and Taz Taylor.
Background
The artists first performed the song at the Governors Ball Music Festival in September 2021, prior to releasing it on October 8.
In an interview with Hypebeast, 24kGoldn spoke about the collaboration process:
It was very natural, he was working on We Love You Tecca 2 with Internet Money and Taz, they told me pull up come catch a vibe. We ended up banging out two of them, and this is the one I fuck with the most, so I decided to put it out. Tecca had a great verse, he bodied his verse, I did my thing on there like always, and I think it came together really really nice.
Composition
24kGoldn explained the meaning behind the song in the aforementioned interview:
At first glance, it's safe to assume it's about Prada, but really the underlying message is about confidence, growth, and change. They not gonna fuck with you when you down, but they gonna fuck with you when you up, and how I dealt with that, how Tecca dealt with that.
The song mentions getting "guala" and spending it. In the chorus, 24kGoldn sings "Prada, that's on my shoes, that's on my shirt, that's on my collar / I hit it once, ain't hit her back 'cause I'm a baller".
Music video
The music video was directed by John Tashiro and released alongside the single. It takes place in a shopping mall. Dressed exclusively in Prada, the artists are seen pulling stunts, such as leading a group of teenagers on a quad bike, and being chased by the mall's security.
Charts
References
2021 singles
2021 songs
24kGoldn songs
Lil Tecca songs
Song recordings produced by Taz Taylor (record producer)
Songs written by 24kGoldn
Songs written by Lil Tecca
Songs written by Taz Taylor (record producer)
Columbia Records singles |
Narosa fletcheri is a moth of the family Limacodidae first described by West in 1937. It is found in Sri Lanka.
References
Moths of Asia
Moths described in 1937
Limacodidae |
Donald Keith Fraser (born March 6, 1937) is a San Francisco Bay Area sportsman and author of Keith Fraser's Guide to Sturgeon Fishing, currently in its 4th printing.
Keith, known locally as "Lord of the Sea", The Sturgeon General of the Bay Area, or simply "The Baitman". He has owned and operated Loch Lomond Live Bait in San Rafael, California for over 50 years. He was an area fishing celebrity for being the featured speaker at the annual seminar, Sturgeon Fishing in Bay Area Waters, for over 40 years.
Mr. Fraser was featured in a short documentary, Christmas at the Bait Shop by award-winning filmmaker Judy Irving, about almost-tame sea birds that frequent the bait shop. Keith Fraser and his bird friends have appeared on Bay Area Back Roads, Evening Magazine, Tom Stienstra's Great Outdoors, and Judy Irving's short film, "Salt Pond Habitat Restoration".
He is the founding president of United Anglers of California, inspired the first hatchery plants of striped bass and sturgeon in San Francisco Bay in California history, the crackdown on sturgeon snaggers, and by example, has inspired thousands to release sturgeon so they may grow to old age and giant sizes.
Awards
Inducted into Marin Athletic Hall of Fame (2000)
Inducted into California Outdoor Hall of Fame (2003)
Nominees must have (1) inspired thousands of Californians to take part in the great outdoors and/or conservation, and (2) have taken part in a paramount scope of adventures.
Inductees are selected from nominations from the California Department of Tourism, California Department of Fish and Game, media members and Hall of Fame members. The award is sponsored by the International Sportsmen's Exposition.Runner-up for "Californian of the Year" award (2006)'Books
Author of Keith Fraser's Guide to Sturgeon Fishing, currently in its 4th printing.
References
External links
"Christmas at the Bait Shop" in the Marin Independent Journal (August 18, 2006)
"Keith Fraser's Guide to Sturgeon Fishing" in ESPN Outdoors.com'' (November 13, 2009)
"Quotes" “A seagull perched on the railing of one of the boats in the Mothball Fleet probably knows as much about the sturgeon population as Fish & Game.”
"Tom Steinstra"
"Fish Report"
"Fish Report"
1937 births
Living people
Writers from San Francisco
People from San Anselmo, California |
Navicelli are small sized (15-meter) Tuscan boats that transported goods. The boats are flat with rounded sizes and a load capacity of 25 tonnes.
The boatmen who rode the navicelli were called "navicellai".
Every 25th June until the year 1250, navicellai competed in a regatta starting from San Jacopo sopr'Arno.
The Italian boat manufacturer Picchittio started out as a navicelli builder back in 1575. Benetti is another yacht manufacturer that started out in the second half of the 19th century by building navicelli boats among other things.
Other uses
Navicelli di Pisa Srl is the public company in charge of managing the Navicelli channel.
See also
Navicelli channel
References
Boat types
Riverboats
Maritime history of Italy
Italian inventions |
Speight-Bynum House is a historic plantation house located near Walstonsburg, Greene County, North Carolina. It was built about 1850, and is a two-story, double pile, three bay, Greek Revival style heavy timber frame dwelling. It has a one-story rear addition built in 1938, a low hip roof, and one-story full width front porch. Also on the property is a contributing smokehouse (c. 1850).
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
References
Plantation houses in North Carolina
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina
Greek Revival houses in North Carolina
Houses completed in 1850
Houses in Greene County, North Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Greene County, North Carolina |
Amy Palmiero-Winters (born August 18, 1972) is a below-knee amputee who currently holds eleven world records in various events. In 2010, she was awarded the James E. Sullivan Award as the top amateur athlete in the United States and the ESPN ESPY Award as the top female athlete with a disability in the world.
Personal life
Palmiero-Winters was born in Meadville, Pennsylvania, and competed in track and distance running from a young age. In 1994, she was involved in a motorcycle accident which crushed her left leg. After three years and twenty-five surgeries, her leg was amputated below the knee. She would not be able to run at all until three years after the amputation.
Early running career
In 2004, Palmiero-Winters entered the Silver Strand Marathon. Despite being five months pregnant and running on a prosthetic leg only meant for walking, she finished second in her division. She entered the 2005 New York City Triathlon the following summer, still using a walking prosthesis as well as a bike borrowed from her employer, and placed third in her division.
At this point, Palmiero-Winters decided to engage in running on a more serious level. After obtaining a highly customized prosthetic leg from A Step Ahead Prosthetics in Hicksville, NY, she decided to relocate to New York in order to become a member of Team A Step Ahead, a group of amputee athletes professionally coached and sponsored by A Step Ahead Prosthetics.
By May 2006, Palmiero-Winters had been training extensively and, with a new prosthetic, she ran the New York City Marathon in 3:24 and broke the world record for a below-knee female amputee by more than twenty-five minutes. She followed this up by running the 2006 Chicago Marathon in 3:04, which stands as the best marathon time for a below-knee amputee, male or female.
Ultramarathons
By 2009, Palmiero-Winters had decided to switch from marathons to the more demanding ultramarathons, which are races longer than the marathon distance of 26.2 miles. She would run ten ultramarathons between 2009 and 2010, finishing first in the female division at the Heartland 100 Mile in October 2009 and finishing first overall at the Arizona Road Racers Run to the Future twenty-four-hour race on December 31, 2009, by running 130.4 miles during the allotted time. It was the first time an amputee had won an ultramarathon.
After this performance, Palmiero-Winters was named to the US ultrarunning team for the IAU 24-Hour Ultramarathon World Championships in Brive, France. It was the first time an amputee had been named to a United States able-bodied championship team. On May 17, 2010, she finished 18th in the female division at the World Championships, running 123.99 miles.
Palmiero-Winters' next race was the Western States Endurance Run on June 26, 2010. She became the first amputee to finish the 100-mile race. By finishing in 27:43:10, she received the bronze buckle presented to runners who finish in under thirty hours.
In 2011 Palmiero-Winters became the first female amputee to finish the Badwater Ultramarathon. She had a finish time of 41:26:42.
In 2019 she became the first female amputee to finish the Marathon Des Sables.
Paratriathlon
Palmiero-Winters won her classification at the International Triathlon Union Paratriathlon World Championships in 2005 and 2006. In 2007, Palmiero-Winters was the first athlete with a physical disability invited to race in the elite able-bodied division of the NYC Triathlon.
In 2014, Palmiero-Winters became the first amputee, male or female, to complete the Ultraman triathlon, a 3-day, 320 mile race.
Awards
Palmiero-Winters was named USA Triathlon's Female Physically Challenged Athlete of the Year in 2006. She was awarded the 2009 AAU James E. Sullivan Award as the best amateur athlete in the country and also won ESPN's 2010 ESPY award as the top female athlete with a disability. In 2009, she was also named the director of Team A Step Ahead.
References
External links
Amy Palmiero-Winters' Official Website and Blog
A Step Ahead Prosthetics - Home of Team A Step Ahead, Designer/Builder of Amy Palmiero-Winters' Custom Prosthetics
1972 births
Living people
People from Meadville, Pennsylvania
American amputees
American female ultramarathon runners
American female marathon runners
American female triathletes
World record holders in para-athletics
Sportspeople from Pennsylvania
James E. Sullivan Award recipients
Paratriathletes
20th-century American women
20th-century American people
21st-century American women
21st-century American people |
```xml
export type EventType =
| 'addItem'
| 'removeItem'
| 'highlightItem'
| 'unhighlightItem'
| 'choice'
| 'change'
| 'search'
| 'showDropdown'
| 'hideDropdown'
| 'highlightChoice';
``` |
The Regina Catholic School Division (RCSD), also known as Regina Catholic Schools, is a Roman Catholic school district headquartered in Regina, Saskatchewan.
The school board has seven members, and all candidates for election to the school board run in a single campaign as the board is at large.
In 2020 the board had more new members than returning members.
Schools
Secondary
Dr. Martin LeBoldus Catholic High School
Archbishop M.C. O'Neill Catholic High School
Miller Comprehensive Catholic High School
Michael A. Riffel Catholic High School
Primary
Deshaye Catholic School
École St. Angela Merici
École St. Elizabeth - In East Regina, it opened in 2018.
École St. Mary
École St. Pius
Holy Rosary Community School
In 2021 the school district began considering closing the school.
Sacred Heart Community School
St. Augustine Community School
St. Bernadette School
St. Catherine Community School
St. Dominic Savio School
St. Francis Community School
St. Gabriel School
St. Gregory School
St. Jerome School
St. Joan of Arc School
St. Josaphat School
St. Kateri Tekakwitha School
St. Marguerite Bourgeoys School
St. Matthew School
St. Michael Community School
St. Nicholas School
St. Peter School
St. Theresa School
St. Timothy School
Alternative
St. Maria Faustina School
St. Luke School
It also has an online school
Contract
Mother Teresa Middle School
Former schools
St. Andrew School - Built in 1958, renovated in 2010, and closed in 2018. The building in the fall was occupied by a Conseil des écoles fransaskoises school, École du Parc. The Catholic board owns the facility and is leasing it to the French school board. The school will close circa 2023 when a new French language school will open in north Regina.
See also
List of schools in Regina, Saskatchewan
References
External links
Regina Catholic Schools
Articles about Regina Catholic Schools - Leader Post
School divisions in Saskatchewan
Education in Regina, Saskatchewan |
Armour Peninsula () is an ice-covered peninsula situated immediately east of Armour Inlet on Siple Island, along the coast of Marie Byrd Land. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from ground surveys and from U.S. Navy air photos, 1959–65, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in association with Armour Inlet.
References
Peninsulas of Marie Byrd Land |
Eight hundred and thirty-one municipalities in the Canadian province of Quebec held municipal elections to elect mayors and councillors on November 7, 1993. Incumbent mayor Jean-Paul L'Allier was re-elected in Quebec City and his Rassemblement Populaire party won sixteen out of twenty council seats.
Municipal elections were not held in Montreal, Quebec's largest city, in this electoral cycle. The previous municipal election in Montreal took place in 1990 and the next was scheduled for 1994.
Results
Laval
Source: "Incumbents all re-elected in Montreal East voting," Montreal Gazette, 9 November 1993, A6.
Verdun
Party colours have been randomly chosen and do not indicate affiliation with or resemblance to any municipal, provincial, or federal party.
Source: "Incumbents all re-elected in Montreal East voting," Montreal Gazette, 9 November 1993, A6.
References
1993 |
Bianca Stigter, Lady McQueen is a Dutch film director from Amsterdam.
She directed Three Minutes: A Lengthening.
She is married to director Steve McQueen, and was associate producer on his films Widows and 12 Years a Slave.
Stigter is the daughter of K. Schippers, the Dutch poet, prose writer and art critic.
Films
Stigter's film Three Minutes: A Lengthening, dissects a short home movie filmed in Nasielsk, Poland, in 1938. The footage is significant because 3,000 of Nasielsk's 7,000 inhabitants were Jewish and only 100 of those residents survived the Holocaust. Stigter's editing of the footage acts to lengthen its screentime from 3 minutes to 69 minutes, while posing questions about the characters and their fate. The film is narrated by Helena Bonham Carter. The film was co-written by Glenn Kurtz, who describes "This is probably the only movie imagery of this community before it was destroyed, and almost certainly the only images of many of the people, particularly the children who appear in it, in existence. I felt this tremendous sense of responsibility to their memory."
Stigter is also the writer for the 2023 documentary Occupied City, which focuses on the Nazi occupation of Amsterdam from 1940 to 1945. The film is based on her illustrated history book, Atlas of an Occupied City, Amsterdam 1940-1945.
References
External links
Living people
Dutch film directors
People from Amsterdam
21st-century Dutch women
1964 births
Dutch women film directors |
```c
/*
*
*/
#include <zephyr/drivers/i2c.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <zephyr/internal/syscall_handler.h>
static inline int z_vrfy_i2c_configure(const struct device *dev,
uint32_t dev_config)
{
K_OOPS(K_SYSCALL_DRIVER_I2C(dev, configure));
return z_impl_i2c_configure((const struct device *)dev, dev_config);
}
#include <zephyr/syscalls/i2c_configure_mrsh.c>
static inline int z_vrfy_i2c_get_config(const struct device *dev,
uint32_t *dev_config)
{
K_OOPS(K_SYSCALL_DRIVER_I2C(dev, get_config));
K_OOPS(K_SYSCALL_MEMORY_WRITE(dev_config, sizeof(uint32_t)));
return z_impl_i2c_get_config(dev, dev_config);
}
#include <zephyr/syscalls/i2c_get_config_mrsh.c>
static uint32_t copy_msgs_and_transfer(const struct device *dev,
const struct i2c_msg *msgs,
uint8_t num_msgs,
uint16_t addr)
{
struct i2c_msg copy[num_msgs];
uint8_t i;
/* Use a local copy to avoid switcheroo attacks. */
memcpy(copy, msgs, num_msgs * sizeof(*msgs));
/* Validate the buffers in each message struct. Read options require
* that the target buffer be writable
*/
for (i = 0U; i < num_msgs; i++) {
K_OOPS(K_SYSCALL_MEMORY(copy[i].buf, copy[i].len,
copy[i].flags & I2C_MSG_READ));
}
return z_impl_i2c_transfer(dev, copy, num_msgs, addr);
}
static inline int z_vrfy_i2c_transfer(const struct device *dev,
struct i2c_msg *msgs, uint8_t num_msgs,
uint16_t addr)
{
K_OOPS(K_SYSCALL_OBJ(dev, K_OBJ_DRIVER_I2C));
/* copy_msgs_and_transfer() will allocate a copy on the stack using
* VLA, so ensure this won't blow the stack. Most functions defined
* in i2c.h use only a handful of messages, so up to 32 messages
* should be more than sufficient.
*/
K_OOPS(K_SYSCALL_VERIFY(num_msgs >= 1 && num_msgs < 32));
/* We need to be able to read the overall array of messages */
K_OOPS(K_SYSCALL_MEMORY_ARRAY_READ(msgs, num_msgs,
sizeof(struct i2c_msg)));
return copy_msgs_and_transfer((const struct device *)dev,
(struct i2c_msg *)msgs,
(uint8_t)num_msgs, (uint16_t)addr);
}
#include <zephyr/syscalls/i2c_transfer_mrsh.c>
static inline int z_vrfy_i2c_target_driver_register(const struct device *dev)
{
K_OOPS(K_SYSCALL_OBJ(dev, K_OBJ_DRIVER_I2C));
return z_impl_i2c_target_driver_register(dev);
}
#include <zephyr/syscalls/i2c_target_driver_register_mrsh.c>
static inline int z_vrfy_i2c_target_driver_unregister(const struct device *dev)
{
K_OOPS(K_SYSCALL_OBJ(dev, K_OBJ_DRIVER_I2C));
return z_impl_i2c_target_driver_unregister(dev);
}
#include <zephyr/syscalls/i2c_target_driver_unregister_mrsh.c>
static inline int z_vrfy_i2c_recover_bus(const struct device *dev)
{
K_OOPS(K_SYSCALL_OBJ(dev, K_OBJ_DRIVER_I2C));
return z_impl_i2c_recover_bus(dev);
}
#include <zephyr/syscalls/i2c_recover_bus_mrsh.c>
``` |
```toml
#
# file name: set-empty.16
#
# machine-generated by: ucptrietest.c
[code_point_trie.struct]
name = "set-empty.16"
index = [
0,0x40,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
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0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
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0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
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0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
]
data_16 = [
3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
3,0xad
]
indexLength = 1024
dataLength = 130
highStart = 0x0
shifted12HighStart = 0x0
type = 0
valueWidth = 0
index3NullOffset = 0x7fff
dataNullOffset = 0x0
nullValue = 0x3
[code_point_trie.testdata]
# Array of (limit, value) pairs
checkRanges = [
0,3,0x110000,3
]
``` |
, born in Matsue, Shimane, was a Japanese woodblock printmaker. He was one of the prominent leaders of the sōsaku hanga ("creative print") movement in 20th century Japan.
Hiratsuka's father was a shrine carpenter, and his grandfather was an architect who designed houses and temples. Therefore, the artist was introduced to wood-working and architecture early in his life.
Hiratsuka was the best–trained woodcarver in the sōsaku hanga movement. From 1928 onwards he taught the renowned sōsaku hanga artist Shikō Munakata (1903–1975) wood carving. The same year he joined with seven other like-minded artists to work on the 100 Views of New Tokyo series, to which he contributed twelve prints; his prints were lauded for their "technical beauty and perfection." Between 1935 and 1944 Hiratsuka taught the first blockprinting course at the Tokyo School of Fine Arts.
He moved to Washington D.C. in 1962 and spent thirty three years in the United States. While living in Washington DC, he was commissioned by three standing Presidents to carve woodblock prints of National Landmarks, which included the Lincoln Memorial, Washington Monument and Library of Congress which are in the collections of The National Gallery and Freer Gallery today. He ultimately returned to Japan in 1994.
In 1970 Hiratsuka became the first print artist to receive the Order of Cultural Merit, and in 1977 he was the first artist to be given the Order of the Sacred Treasure for "the quality of his art, the techniques he was able to pass along to his students and followers, and his accomplishments in promoting friendship between the United States and Japan." In 1991, the Hiratsuka Unichi Print Museum was opened in Suzaka, Nagano.
Many of his woodblock prints are of temples, bridges, in addition to landscapes he captured in his travels throughout Japan, Korea, and the United States. Hiratsuka was also a serious collector of old Buddhist prints, and his works are influenced by his exposure to Buddhist figures. He also had an extensive collection of roof tiles, Judaica and Bibles in every language, and when he was not practicing his art, spent hours reading.
Hiratsuka's techniques and styles evolved over his lifetime. Pre-World War II he made many color woodblock prints and engravings, postwar he worked almost exclusively on black-and-white prints. He considered monochrome printing to be the "zenith of the art of picture printing", and was celebrated for his work in this medium.
His most famous technique is called tsukibori ("poking strokes"). With a small square-end chisel (aisuki), Hiratsuka rocked the blade side to side in short strokes, producing rough and jagged edges. His students include Kobashi Yasuhide.
Hiratsuka died in Tokyo at the age of 102.
References
Merritt, H., et al. Hiratsuka: Modern Master. Chicago: Art Institute of Chicago, 2001.
Michener, James A., The Modern Japanese Print: An Appreciation, Tuttle Publishing, Rutland, Vermont, 1968, pp. 15-18
External links
Unichi Hiratsuka, Sosaku-Hanga Master
Hiratsuka Un'ichi Hanga Museum in Suzaka, Nagano
1895 births
1997 deaths
Japanese centenarians
Japanese printmakers
Men centenarians
People from Shimane Prefecture
Sosaku hanga artists |
is an aviation museum located in Toyoyama, Aichi Prefecture. It was set up next to the Airport Walk Nagoya which was renovated from the former international terminal in the southwestern part of Nagoya Airfield.
Overview
At the Nagoya airfield, "Nagoya Airport Aviation Space Center" was established as an exhibition facility, but closed at the prefecture airport due to the opening of Chubu International Airport on October 31, 2004, some of the exhibits will be in the Shinmei Park. It was relocated to a well-maintained aircraft boon.
Aichi Prefecture is undertaking to nurture and promote the aerospace industry in response to the designation of "Asia No. 1 Aerospace Industry Cluster Formation Special Zone" in the International Special Strategy Comprehensive Special Zone, and around the Nagoya Aerodrome have long since been Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Nagoya Aerospace Systems In addition to the location of the manufacturing factory (Nagoya), Mitsubishi Aircraft is constructing a new MRJ final assembly plant, which is the aircraft development and production base. From being expected as a place for human resource development and industrial tourism in the future, the prefecture will hold "Air Museum Field" as a "prefectural Nagoya Airport visitor base visiting facility maintenance project" at a press conference on May 15, 2015 we announced to construct.
In the concept, in order to make the area around the airport a base for industrial sightseeing in the aeronautical field, based on Seattle, home of Boeing and Toulouseas the headquarters of Airbus, exhibits aimed at aircraft as a facility for visitors maintain the facility "Aichi Aviation Museum" which is scattered in the periphery and accumulated aircraft industry/tourism resources and core facilities cooperate, "MRJ mass production factory tour", "airport facility background tour", "MHI historical room exploration tour", "JAXA Visit Tour", "Self Defense Force Base Tour", "Shooting Spot · Tour" etc., and plan to utilize the whole area as a field museum for school education, human resource development and industrial tourism.
Designated managers selected Nagoya Airport Building, which operates as the airport terminal buildings. It opened on November 30, 2017, and entered into a cooperative alliance with the Seattle Aviation Museum in the USA. The number of visitors is about 650,000 a year at the beginning of the opening, and thereafter aims at about 350,000 people per year. You can get discounts on the products and services of Nagoya Airport Walk by boarding pass (entrance ticket) of the Aichi Aviation Museum.
Aircraft on display
European Helicopter EH-101
Mitsubishi A6M5a Zero – Replica
Mitsubishi MU-2
Mitsubishi MH2000
Mitsubishi MU-300
NAMC YS-11P 52-1152
See also
List of aviation museums
References
External links
official website (translated version)
old official website in English (archived Link)
History museums in Japan
Aerospace museums in Japan
Military and war museums in Japan
Museums in Aichi Prefecture
Toyoyama, Aichi
Museums established in 2017
2017 establishments in Japan |
Banafsh Tappeh (, also Romanized as Banafsh Teppeh) is a village in Banafsh Tappeh Rural District, Now Kandeh District, Bandar-e Gaz County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 445, in 130 families.
References
Populated places in Bandar-e Gaz County |
Satya Harishchandra is a 1943 Indian Kannada-language film directed by R. Nagendra Rao. It stars Subbaiah Naidu, Lakshmibai and Rao. The music of the film was composed by R. Sudarshanam. The film was successful at the box office and ran for 100 days in Dharwad. The movie was dubbed in Tamil making it the first Kannada movie to be dubbed in other language.
Cast
Soundtrack
The music of the film was composed by R. Sudarsanam with lyrics for the soundtracks penned by Gamiki Ramakrishna Sastry.
Production and release
Film producer A. V. Meiyappan went to his hometown of Karaikudi after the success of his 1941 Tamil film Sabapathy due to apprehensions surrounding bombing of Madras by the Japanese with the World War II on. He returned to Madras and began the production of Satya Harishchandra as a joint venture with the theatre troupe SSS Natakamandali. R. Nagendra Rao was roped in to direct and A. T. Krishnaswamy as the assistant director. The cast included Subbaiah Naidu playing the role of the Harischandra, Lakshmibai as Chandramathi; Rao, J. V. Krishnamurthy Rao, M. G. Marirao, Kamalabai and Narasimhan. Musician B. S. Raja Iyengar made his acting debut playing Narada. The edited length of the film was restricted to due to wartime regulation of raw stock. It was released on 28 May 1943. The film was a commercial success.
The film was dubbed into Tamil and released as Harishchandra on 6 January 1944. It was the first Indian film to be dubbed into another language. A. T. Krishnaswamy wrote the dialogues for the Tamil film while R. Nagendra Rao helped him with the words that would match the artistes' lip movement. V. S. Raghavan was the pioneering sound engineer who dubbed the film.
References
External links
Satya Harishchandra on Chiloka
1943 films
1940s Kannada-language films
Films about Raja Harishchandra
Indian black-and-white films
Films scored by R. Sudarsanam |
The white-bellied canary (Crithagra dorsostriata) is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae.
It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Its natural habitat is dry savanna.
The white-bellied canary was formerly placed in the genus Serinus but phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences found that the genus was polyphyletic. The genus was therefore split and a number of species including the white-bellied canary were moved to the resurrected genus Crithagra.
References
white-bellied canary
Birds of East Africa
white-bellied canary
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Muhammad Qavi Khan (; 13 November 1942 – 5 March 2023) was a Pakistani film, radio, theatre and television actor, director and playwriter.
Khan has acted in over 200 films and some 1,000 television plays.
Khan is best known for his police drama serial Andhera Ujala, which launched him to stardom alongside his fellow actors Irfan Khoosat and Jameel Fakhri. Some of his other notable works in television include roles in Khaani (2017) and Meri Shehzadi (2022–2023).
He was also a playwright, having written the autobiographical one man stage play Action and Reaction in 2011.
In March 2011, Qavi Khan's achievements were honored at an event at the Pakistan National Council of the Arts auditorium in Islamabad.
The Government of Pakistan honoured Khan with the Pride of Performance in 1980 and Sitara-e-Imtiaz in 2012 for his contribution to the field of arts.
Early life
Khan was born on 13 November 1942 in Badaun, now located in India's Uttar Pradesh, to a father who was in the British Indian Army. Following the 1947 Partition, the family moved to Pakistan, settling down in Khokropar, Sindh, before moving to Peshawar, where they would live opposite the Mahabat Khan mosque. Khan would get his early education there and later would work as a front desk officer in a Grindlays Bank before going to Lahore to pursue his passion of acting more seriously.
He married in 1968 and had four children.
Career
Radio
In 1952, he began his career as a child artist by joining Radio Pakistan Peshawar.
Theatre
In 1961, he was cast in Dagha Baz, a play written by Envar Sajjad and directed by Kamal Ahmed Rizvi.
Television
In 1964, he started his television career by being the lead in PTV's first-ever play, Nazrana, in his career being part of some 1,000 serials.
In 1966, he appeared in PTV's black-and-white drama Lakhon Main Teen.
Films
In 1964, he worked in his first movie, Diljeet Mirza's Riwaj.
In 1971, he started producing films, Mr Buddhu being the first of some 13 film productions, while he'd eventually act in over 200 films.
Death
Qavi Khan died of cancer on 5 March 2023, at the age of 80 in Canada and was laid to rest at Meadowvale Cemetery Brampton.
Selected filmography
Films
Television
Awards and recognition
2007 Lifetime Achievement Award by Pakistan Television Corporation
2012 Sitara-e-Imtiaz by the Government of Pakistan
PTV Award for Best Actor
Lifetime Achievement Award by PTV in 2007
1978 Nigar Award for Best Supporting Actor- Film 'Parakh'
Nishan-i-Imtiaz by the President of Pakistan in 2023.
References
External links
1942 births
2023 deaths
Muhajir people
Pakistani radio personalities
Pakistani male stage actors
Pakistani theatre directors
Pakistani dramatists and playwrights
Pakistani male television actors
Pakistani male film actors
20th-century Pakistani male actors
Male actors from Lahore
Male actors in Urdu cinema
Nigar Award winners
Recipients of the Pride of Performance
Hum Award winners
Recipients of Sitara-i-Imtiaz
Deaths from cancer in Ontario
Recipients of Nishan-e-Imtiaz |
```html
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title">
<a name="api-index-2-34"></a>Index of new symbols in 2.34</h1></div></div></div>
<a name="idx"></a><a name="idxA"></a><h3 class="title">A</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GApplicationCommandLine.html#g-application-command-line-get-stdin" title="g_application_command_line_get_stdin()">g_application_command_line_get_stdin</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GApplicationCommandLine.html" title="GApplicationCommandLine">GApplicationCommandLine</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GApplication.html#g-application-get-dbus-connection" title="g_application_get_dbus_connection()">g_application_get_dbus_connection</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GApplication.html" title="GApplication">GApplication</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GApplication.html#g-application-get-dbus-object-path" title="g_application_get_dbus_object_path()">g_application_get_dbus_object_path</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GApplication.html" title="GApplication">GApplication</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GAppInfo.html#g-app-info-get-supported-types" title="g_app_info_get_supported_types()">g_app_info_get_supported_types</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GAppInfo.html" title="GAppInfo">GAppInfo</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GAsyncResult.html#g-async-result-is-tagged" title="g_async_result_is_tagged()">g_async_result_is_tagged</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GAsyncResult.html" title="GAsyncResult">GAsyncResult</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GAsyncResult.html#g-async-result-legacy-propagate-error" title="g_async_result_legacy_propagate_error()">g_async_result_legacy_propagate_error</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GAsyncResult.html" title="GAsyncResult">GAsyncResult</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxC"></a><h3 class="title">C</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-GContentType.html#g-content-type-get-generic-icon-name" title="g_content_type_get_generic_icon_name()">g_content_type_get_generic_icon_name</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-GContentType.html" title="GContentType">GContentType</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-GContentType.html#g-content-type-get-symbolic-icon" title="g_content_type_get_symbolic_icon()">g_content_type_get_symbolic_icon</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-GContentType.html" title="GContentType">GContentType</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxD"></a><h3 class="title">D</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GDBusAuthObserver.html#GDBusAuthObserver-allow-mechanism" title="The allow-mechanism signal">GDBusAuthObserver::allow-mechanism</a>, object signal in <a class="link" href="GDBusAuthObserver.html" title="GDBusAuthObserver">GDBusAuthObserver</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GDBusAuthObserver.html#g-dbus-auth-observer-allow-mechanism" title="g_dbus_auth_observer_allow_mechanism()">g_dbus_auth_observer_allow_mechanism</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GDBusAuthObserver.html" title="GDBusAuthObserver">GDBusAuthObserver</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GDBusConnection.html#g-dbus-connection-get-last-serial" title="g_dbus_connection_get_last_serial()">g_dbus_connection_get_last_serial</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GDBusConnection.html" title="GDBusConnection">GDBusConnection</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GDBusObjectManagerServer.html#g-dbus-object-manager-server-is-exported" title="g_dbus_object_manager_server_is_exported()">g_dbus_object_manager_server_is_exported</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GDBusObjectManagerServer.html" title="GDBusObjectManagerServer">GDBusObjectManagerServer</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-Desktop-file-based-GAppInfo.html#g-desktop-app-info-get-startup-wm-class" title="g_desktop_app_info_get_startup_wm_class()">g_desktop_app_info_get_startup_wm_class</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-Desktop-file-based-GAppInfo.html" title="GDesktopAppInfo">Desktop file based GAppInfo</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GDrive.html#g-drive-get-symbolic-icon" title="g_drive_get_symbolic_icon()">g_drive_get_symbolic_icon</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GDrive.html" title="GDrive">GDrive</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxF"></a><h3 class="title">F</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GFileInfo.html#G-FILE-ATTRIBUTE-STANDARD-SYMBOLIC-ICON:CAPS" title="G_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_STANDARD_SYMBOLIC_ICON">G_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_STANDARD_SYMBOLIC_ICON</a>, macro in <a class="link" href="GFileInfo.html" title="GFileInfo">GFileInfo</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GFile.html#g-file-delete-async" title="g_file_delete_async()">g_file_delete_async</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GFile.html" title="GFile">GFile</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GFile.html#g-file-delete-finish" title="g_file_delete_finish()">g_file_delete_finish</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GFile.html" title="GFile">GFile</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GFileInfo.html#g-file-info-get-symbolic-icon" title="g_file_info_get_symbolic_icon()">g_file_info_get_symbolic_icon</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GFileInfo.html" title="GFileInfo">GFileInfo</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GFileInfo.html#g-file-info-set-symbolic-icon" title="g_file_info_set_symbolic_icon()">g_file_info_set_symbolic_icon</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GFileInfo.html" title="GFileInfo">GFileInfo</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxI"></a><h3 class="title">I</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GInputStream.html#g-input-stream-read-bytes" title="g_input_stream_read_bytes()">g_input_stream_read_bytes</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GInputStream.html" title="GInputStream">GInputStream</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GInputStream.html#g-input-stream-read-bytes-async" title="g_input_stream_read_bytes_async()">g_input_stream_read_bytes_async</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GInputStream.html" title="GInputStream">GInputStream</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GInputStream.html#g-input-stream-read-bytes-finish" title="g_input_stream_read_bytes_finish()">g_input_stream_read_bytes_finish</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GInputStream.html" title="GInputStream">GInputStream</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxM"></a><h3 class="title">M</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMemoryInputStream.html#g-memory-input-stream-add-bytes" title="g_memory_input_stream_add_bytes()">g_memory_input_stream_add_bytes</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMemoryInputStream.html" title="GMemoryInputStream">GMemoryInputStream</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMemoryInputStream.html#g-memory-input-stream-new-from-bytes" title="g_memory_input_stream_new_from_bytes()">g_memory_input_stream_new_from_bytes</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMemoryInputStream.html" title="GMemoryInputStream">GMemoryInputStream</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMemoryOutputStream.html#g-memory-output-stream-steal-as-bytes" title="g_memory_output_stream_steal_as_bytes()">g_memory_output_stream_steal_as_bytes</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMemoryOutputStream.html" title="GMemoryOutputStream">GMemoryOutputStream</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMenu.html#g-menu-item-get-attribute" title="g_menu_item_get_attribute()">g_menu_item_get_attribute</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMenu.html" title="GMenu">GMenu</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMenu.html#g-menu-item-get-attribute-value" title="g_menu_item_get_attribute_value()">g_menu_item_get_attribute_value</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMenu.html" title="GMenu">GMenu</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMenu.html#g-menu-item-get-link" title="g_menu_item_get_link()">g_menu_item_get_link</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMenu.html" title="GMenu">GMenu</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMenu.html#g-menu-item-new-from-model" title="g_menu_item_new_from_model()">g_menu_item_new_from_model</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMenu.html" title="GMenu">GMenu</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMountOperation.html#GMountOperation-show-unmount-progress" title="The show-unmount-progress signal">GMountOperation::show-unmount-progress</a>, object signal in <a class="link" href="GMountOperation.html" title="GMountOperation">GMountOperation</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMount.html#g-mount-get-symbolic-icon" title="g_mount_get_symbolic_icon()">g_mount_get_symbolic_icon</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMount.html" title="GMount">GMount</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxP"></a><h3 class="title">P</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-gpollableutils.html#g-pollable-source-new-full" title="g_pollable_source_new_full()">g_pollable_source_new_full</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-gpollableutils.html" title="gpollableutils">gpollableutils</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-gpollableutils.html#g-pollable-stream-read" title="g_pollable_stream_read()">g_pollable_stream_read</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-gpollableutils.html" title="gpollableutils">gpollableutils</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-gpollableutils.html#g-pollable-stream-write" title="g_pollable_stream_write()">g_pollable_stream_write</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-gpollableutils.html" title="gpollableutils">gpollableutils</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-gpollableutils.html#g-pollable-stream-write-all" title="g_pollable_stream_write_all()">g_pollable_stream_write_all</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-gpollableutils.html" title="gpollableutils">gpollableutils</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GProxyAddress.html#GProxyAddress--destination-protocol" title="The destination-protocol property">GProxyAddress:destination-protocol</a>, object property in <a class="link" href="GProxyAddress.html" title="GProxyAddress">GProxyAddress</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GProxyAddress.html#GProxyAddress--uri" title="The uri property">GProxyAddress:uri</a>, object property in <a class="link" href="GProxyAddress.html" title="GProxyAddress">GProxyAddress</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GProxyAddress.html#g-proxy-address-get-destination-protocol" title="g_proxy_address_get_destination_protocol()">g_proxy_address_get_destination_protocol</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GProxyAddress.html" title="GProxyAddress">GProxyAddress</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GProxyAddress.html#g-proxy-address-get-uri" title="g_proxy_address_get_uri()">g_proxy_address_get_uri</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GProxyAddress.html" title="GProxyAddress">GProxyAddress</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxR"></a><h3 class="title">R</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GResolver.html#GResolverRecordType" title="enum GResolverRecordType">GResolverRecordType</a>, enum in <a class="link" href="GResolver.html" title="GResolver">GResolver</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GResolver.html#g-resolver-lookup-records" title="g_resolver_lookup_records()">g_resolver_lookup_records</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GResolver.html" title="GResolver">GResolver</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GResolver.html#g-resolver-lookup-records-async" title="g_resolver_lookup_records_async()">g_resolver_lookup_records_async</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GResolver.html" title="GResolver">GResolver</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GResolver.html#g-resolver-lookup-records-finish" title="g_resolver_lookup_records_finish()">g_resolver_lookup_records_finish</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GResolver.html" title="GResolver">GResolver</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxS"></a><h3 class="title">S</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-GSettingsSchema-GSettingsSchemaSource.html#g-settings-schema-key-get-description" title="g_settings_schema_key_get_description()">g_settings_schema_key_get_description</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-GSettingsSchema-GSettingsSchemaSource.html" title="GSettingsSchema, GSettingsSchemaSource">GSettingsSchema, GSettingsSchemaSource</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-GSettingsSchema-GSettingsSchemaSource.html#g-settings-schema-key-get-summary" title="g_settings_schema_key_get_summary()">g_settings_schema_key_get_summary</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-GSettingsSchema-GSettingsSchemaSource.html" title="GSettingsSchema, GSettingsSchemaSource">GSettingsSchema, GSettingsSchemaSource</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxT"></a><h3 class="title">T</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GTestDBus.html#GTestDBus-struct" title="GTestDBus">GTestDBus</a>, struct in <a class="link" href="GTestDBus.html" title="GTestDBus">GTestDBus</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GTestDBus.html#GTestDBus--flags" title="The flags property">GTestDBus:flags</a>, object property in <a class="link" href="GTestDBus.html" title="GTestDBus">GTestDBus</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GTestDBus.html#GTestDBusFlags" title="enum GTestDBusFlags">GTestDBusFlags</a>, enum in <a class="link" href="GTestDBus.html" title="GTestDBus">GTestDBus</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GTlsCertificate.html#g-tls-certificate-is-same" title="g_tls_certificate_is_same()">g_tls_certificate_is_same</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GTlsCertificate.html" title="GTlsCertificate">GTlsCertificate</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxU"></a><h3 class="title">U</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-Unix-Mounts.html#g-unix-mount-guess-symbolic-icon" title="g_unix_mount_guess_symbolic_icon()">g_unix_mount_guess_symbolic_icon</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-Unix-Mounts.html" title="Unix Mounts">Unix Mounts</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-Unix-Mounts.html#g-unix-mount-point-guess-symbolic-icon" title="g_unix_mount_point_guess_symbolic_icon()">g_unix_mount_point_guess_symbolic_icon</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-Unix-Mounts.html" title="Unix Mounts">Unix Mounts</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxV"></a><h3 class="title">V</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GVolume.html#g-volume-get-symbolic-icon" title="g_volume_get_symbolic_icon()">g_volume_get_symbolic_icon</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GVolume.html" title="GVolume">GVolume</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
</div>
<div class="footer">
<hr>Generated by GTK-Doc V1.25.1</div>
</body>
</html>
``` |
Kosie is a South African male given name. It is a hypocorism of Jacobus. Notable people with the name include:
Kosie Marais (1900–1963), South African brandy maker
Kosie Pretorius (1935–2017), Namibian politician
Kosie Venter (born 1969), South African cricket player
African masculine given names |
Washington Technology University (WTU) was an American private university based in Bellevue, Washington. The school offered a bachelor's degree in information security targeted at local residents wanting to join the Seattle technology industry, and admitted its first class in January 2018. On October 22, 2021, the Washington Student Achievement Council denied Washington Technology University's (WTU) application for renewal of authorization to operate in Washington. WTU had been authorized to operate in Washington State since 2017, and offered one degree program at its campus in Bellevue, Washington. The school officially shut down July 29, 2022.
WTU may provide a teach-out of its currently enrolled students until those students complete their degree requirements but is not permitted to recruit or enroll new students. WTU indicated that it intends to appeal the denial of its application for renewal of authorization.
Proposed branch campus
Beginning in August 2017, several months before the main campus opened to students, WTU was in discussions with landowners around North Bend to open a branch campus on part of the site of the former Mountain Meadows Farm. The campus would be combined with returning the farm to full agricultural production and would offer courses in technology as well as programs in agricultural science, viticulture, and hotel management. At a meeting about the project local residents expressed concerns such as increased traffic and load on sewer systems, with some aggressively opposing the project.
References
External links
2017 establishments in Washington (state)
For-profit universities and colleges in the United States
Private universities and colleges in Washington (state)
Universities and colleges in Bellevue, Washington |
```go
//
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// Package trillian contains the generated protobuf code for the Trillian API.
package trillian
//go:generate protoc -I=. -I=third_party/googleapis --go_out=paths=source_relative:. --go-grpc_out=paths=source_relative:. --go-grpc_opt=require_unimplemented_servers=false trillian_log_api.proto trillian_admin_api.proto trillian.proto --doc_out=markdown,api.md:./docs/
//go:generate protoc -I=. --go_out=paths=source_relative:. crypto/keyspb/keyspb.proto
//go:generate mockgen -package tmock -destination testonly/tmock/mock_log_server.go github.com/google/trillian TrillianLogServer
//go:generate mockgen -package tmock -destination testonly/tmock/mock_admin_server.go github.com/google/trillian TrillianAdminServer
``` |
Hashachar Ha'ole (; "The Rising Dawn") is a brand of sweetened chocolate spread popular in Israel and the Jewish diaspora, and was invented in 1948.
Etymology
The name Hashachar Ha'ole translates to "The Rising Dawn" or alternatively "The Bright Morning" in Hebrew, in reference to it mainly being used in the morning and spread on something such as on toast, pita, or bread such as challah, or malawach for breakfast.
History
In 1948, 5 brothers, who were all members of the Weidberg family, started a small factory manufacturing chocolate and other confectionery products including their eponymous chocolate spread, in 1948 outside the city of Haifa. In 1950 Levkowich family joined the company. Seeing a need for a new product in the Israeli market, Hashachar Ha’ole stopped producing their other products to exclusively focus the production of its chocolate spread in 1955, which was 9 years before the similar Italian product Nutella was launched in 1964; possibly making Hashachar the world's first chocolate spread.
Overview
Hashachar Ha'ole has become one of Israel’s best-known foods. It is even called the most successful chocolate spread in Israel and has become a symbol of Israeli cuisine.
There are two different versions of it: halavi (dairy) and parve (non-dairy). This is because Jewish law prohibits mixing milk with meat-based foods, thus the parve version allows kosher-observers to include the spread in dessert after a meat-based meal. For many years, Hashachar Ha'Ole was the only chocolate cream available on the Israeli market. Nowadays you can also find brands like Elite and Nutella. Until the 2010s Hashachar had never been advertised in the mass media. Its original logo has been retained and remained the same since its launch in 1948.
Varieties
Hashachar Ha'ole is available in a number of flavor including milk chocolate, pareve chocolate, dark chocolate, white chocolate, nougat, halva, chocolate halva, and milk chocolate mixed with tehina among others. It is sold in tubs, individual cups, and tubes. It is also available as a chocolate bar.
Popularity
Marketing
See also
Nutella
Babka
Cow Chocolate
Krembo
Klik
References
External links
Official Website (in Hebrew)
Chocolate
Condiments
Israeli confectionery |
Abolitionism or abolitionist veganism is the animal rights based opposition to all animal use by humans. Abolitionism intends to eliminate all forms of animal use by maintaining that all sentient beings, humans or nonhumans, share a basic right not to be treated as properties or objects. Abolitionist vegans emphasize that the production of animal products requires treating animals as property or resources, and that animal products are not necessary for human health in modern societies. Abolitionists believe that everyone who can live vegan is therefore morally obligated to be vegan.
Abolitionists disagree on the strategy that must be used to achieve their goal. While some abolitionists, like Gary Francione, professor of law, argue that abolitionists should create awareness about the benefits of veganism through creative and nonviolent education (by also pointing to health and environmental benefits) and inform people that veganism is a moral imperative, others such as Tom Regan believe that abolitionists should seek to stop animal exploitation in society, and fight for this goal through political advocacy, without using the environmental or health arguments. Abolitionists such as Steven Best and David Nibert argue, respectively, that embracing alliance politics and militant direct action for change (including civil disobedience, mass confrontation, etc), and transcending capitalism are integral to ending animal exploitation.
Abolitionists generally oppose movements that seek to make animal use more humane or to abolish specific forms of animal use, since they believe this undermines the movement to abolish all forms of animal use. The objective is to secure a moral and legal paradigm shift, whereby animals are no longer regarded as things to be owned and used. The American philosopher Tom Regan writes that abolitionists want empty cages, not bigger ones. This is contrasted with animal welfare, which seeks incremental reform, and animal protectionism, which seeks to combine the first principles of abolitionism with an incremental approach, but which is regarded by some abolitionists as another form of welfarism or "New Welfarism".
Concepts
The word relates to the historical term abolitionism—a social movement to end slavery or human ownership of other humans. Based on the way of evaluating welfare reforms, abolitionists can be either radical or pragmatic. While the former maintain that welfare reforms can only be dubiously described as moral improvements, the latter consider welfare reforms as moral improvements even when the conditions they permit are unjust.
Gary Francione, professor of law and philosophy at Rutgers School of Law–Newark, argues from the abolitionist perspective that self-described animal-rights groups who pursue welfare concerns, such as People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, risk making the public feel comfortable about its use of animals. He calls such groups the "new welfarists", arguing that, though their aim is an end to animal use, the reforms they pursue are indistinguishable from reforms agreeable to traditional welfarists, who he says have no interest in abolishing animal use. He argues that reform campaigns entrench the property status of animals, and validate the view that animals simply need to be treated better. Instead, he writes, the public's view that animals can be used and consumed ought to be challenged. His position is that this should be done by promoting ethical veganism. Others think that this should be done by creating a public debate in society.
Philosopher Steven Best of the University of Texas at El Paso has been critical of Francione for his denunciation of militant direct actions carried out by the underground animal liberation movement and organizations like the Animal Liberation Front, which Best compares favorably to the "nineteenth-century-abolitionist movement" to end slavery, and also for placing the onus on individual consumers rather than powerful institutions such as corporations, the state and the mass media along with ignoring the "constraints imposed by poverty, class, and social conditioning." In this, he says that Francione "exculpates capitalism" and fails to "articulate a structural theory of oppression." The "vague, elitist, asocial 'vegan education' approach," Best argues, is no substitute for "direct action, mass confrontation, civil disobedience, alliance politics, and struggle for radical change."
Sociologist David Nibert of Wittenberg University argues that attempting to create a vegan world under global capitalism is unrealistic given that "tens of millions of animals are tortured and brutally killed every year to produce profits for twenty-first century elites, who hold investments in the corporate equivalents of Genghis Khan" and that any real and meaningful change will only come by transcending capitalism. He writes that the contemporary entrenchment of capitalism and continued exploitation of animals by human civilization dovetail into the ongoing expansion of what he describes as the animal–industrial complex, with the number of CAFOs and the animals to fill them dramatically increasing, along with growing numbers of humans consuming animal products. He rhetorically asks, how can one hope to create some consumer base for this new vegan world when over a billion people live on less than a dollar a day? Nibert acknowledges that post-capitalism on its own will not automatically end animal exploitation or bring about a more just world, but that it is a "necessary precondition" for such changes.
New welfarists argue that there is no logical or practical contradiction between abolitionism and "welfarism". Welfarists think that they can be working toward abolition, but by gradual steps, pragmatically taking into account what most people can be realistically persuaded to do in the short as well as the long term, and reduce animal suffering as it is most urgent to relieve. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, for example, in addition to promoting local improvements in the treatment of animals, promote vegetarianism. Although some people believe that changing the legal status of nonhuman sentient beings is a first step in abolishing ownership or mistreatment, others argue that this will not succeed if the consuming public has not already begun to reduce or eliminate its exploitation of animals for food.
Personhood
In 1992, Switzerland amended its constitution to recognize animals as beings and not things. The dignity of animals is also protected in Switzerland.
New Zealand granted basic rights to five great ape species in 1999. Their use is now forbidden in research, testing or teaching.
Germany added animal welfare in a 2002 amendment to its constitution, becoming the first European Union member to do so.
In 2007, the parliament of the Balearic Islands, an autonomous province of Spain, passed the world's first legislation granting legal rights to all great apes.
In 2013, India officially recognized dolphins as non-human persons.
In 2014, France revised the legal status of animals from movable property to sentient beings.
In 2015, the province of Quebec in Canada adopted the Animal Welfare and Safety Act, which gave animals the legal status of "sentient beings with biological needs".
See also
Animal liberationist
Animal rights
List of animal rights advocates
References
Further reading
Francione, Gary. Rain Without Thunder: The Ideology of the Animal Rights Movement. Temple University Press, 1996.
Francione, Gary and Garner, Robert. The Animal Rights Debate: Abolition Or Regulation?. Columbia University Press, 2010.
Francione, Gary. Ingrid Newkirk on Principled Veganism: "Screw the principle", Animal Rights: The Abolitionist Approach, September 2010.
Francione, Gary. "Animal Rights: The Abolitionist Approach", accessed February 26, 2011.
Francione, Gary. Animals, Property, and the Law. Temple University Press, 1995.
Hall, Lee. "An Interview with Professor Gary L. Francione on the State of the U.S. Animal Rights Movement", Friends of Animals, accessed February 25, 2008.
Regan, Tom. Empty Cages. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2004.
Regan, Tom. "The Torch of Reason, The Sword of Justice", animalsvoice.com, accessed May 29, 2012.
Regan, Tom. "On Achieving Abolitionist Goals", Animal Rights Zone, May 18, 2011, accessed May 24, 2011.
Regan, Tom. The Case for Animal Rights. University of California Press, 1980.
Animal ethics
Animal rights
Bioethics |
```c++
/*=============================================================================
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at path_to_url
=============================================================================*/
#include "vm.hpp"
namespace client
{
void vmachine::execute(std::vector<int> const& code)
{
std::vector<int>::const_iterator pc = code.begin();
stack_ptr = stack.begin();
while (pc != code.end())
{
switch (*pc++)
{
case op_neg:
stack_ptr[-1] = -stack_ptr[-1];
break;
case op_add:
--stack_ptr;
stack_ptr[-1] += stack_ptr[0];
break;
case op_sub:
--stack_ptr;
stack_ptr[-1] -= stack_ptr[0];
break;
case op_mul:
--stack_ptr;
stack_ptr[-1] *= stack_ptr[0];
break;
case op_div:
--stack_ptr;
stack_ptr[-1] /= stack_ptr[0];
break;
case op_int:
*stack_ptr++ = *pc++;
break;
}
}
}
}
``` |
```smalltalk
// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.QuickGrid.Infrastructure;
internal static class AsyncQueryExecutorSupplier
{
// The primary goal with this is to ensure that:
// - If you're using EF Core, then we resolve queries efficiently using its ToXyzAsync async extensions and don't
// just fall back on the synchronous IQueryable ToXyz calls
// - ... but without QuickGrid referencing Microsoft.EntityFramework directly. That's because it would bring in
// heavy dependencies you may not be using (and relying on trimming isn't enough, as it's still desirable to have
// heavy unused dependencies for Blazor Server).
//
// As a side-effect, we have an abstraction IAsyncQueryExecutor that developers could use to plug in their own
// mechanism for resolving async queries from other data sources than EF. It's not really a major goal to make this
// adapter generally useful beyond EF, but fine if people do have their own uses for it.
private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<Type, bool> IsEntityFrameworkProviderTypeCache = new();
public static IAsyncQueryExecutor? GetAsyncQueryExecutor<T>(IServiceProvider services, IQueryable<T>? queryable)
{
if (queryable is not null)
{
var executor = services.GetService<IAsyncQueryExecutor>();
if (executor is null)
{
// It's useful to detect if the developer is unaware that they should be using the EF adapter, otherwise
// they will likely never notice and simply deploy an inefficient app that blocks threads on each query.
var providerType = queryable.Provider?.GetType();
if (providerType is not null && IsEntityFrameworkProviderTypeCache.GetOrAdd(providerType, IsEntityFrameworkProviderType))
{
throw new InvalidOperationException($"The supplied {nameof(IQueryable)} is provided by Entity Framework. To query it efficiently, you must reference the package Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.QuickGrid.EntityFrameworkAdapter and call AddQuickGridEntityFrameworkAdapter on your service collection.");
}
}
else if (executor.IsSupported(queryable))
{
return executor;
}
}
return null;
}
// We have to do this via reflection because the whole point is to avoid any static dependency on EF unless you
// reference the adapter. Trimming won't cause us any problems because this is only a way of detecting misconfiguration
// so it's sufficient if it can detect the misconfiguration in development.
private static bool IsEntityFrameworkProviderType(Type queryableProviderType)
=> queryableProviderType.GetInterfaces().Any(x => string.Equals(x.FullName, "Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.IAsyncQueryProvider")) == true;
}
``` |
Gargantua is a patience or solitaire card game that is a version of Klondike using two decks. It is also known as Double Klondike (not to be confused with the two-player game known as Double Klondike or Double Solitaire) and as Jumbo (in AisleRiot Solitaire which is part of the GNOME Desktop).
Rules
Instead of the seven depots forming the tableau as in Klondike, in Gargantua nine are formed. Forming these nine tableau piles of cards, i.e. dealing the cards, is like much like Klondike. One face-up card is placed on the first column, then eight cards are each placed face-down on the other eight depots. Over these eight face-down cards are one face-up card and seven face-down cards, and so on until all nine depots have a face-up card. The rest of the deck becomes the stock. The foundation/tableau should look like this:
O O O O O O O O
┌─┐ ┌─┐ ┌─┐ ┌─┐ ┌─┐ ┌─┐ ┌─┐ ┌─┐ ┌─┐
│ │ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤
└─┘ │ │ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤
└─┘ │ │ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤
└─┘ │ │ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤
└─┘ │ │ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤
└─┘ │ │ ├─┤ ├─┤ ├─┤
└─┘ │ │ ├─┤ ├─┤
└─┘ │ │ ├─┤
└─┘ │ │
└─┘
As in Klondike, play consists of the following:
The eight foundations, represented by the Os in the diagram, are built up in suits starting from the ace.
Depots (piles in the tableau) and cards are built down by alternating colors in partial or complete piles.
Face-down cards are immediately turned up when they become the top cards of their piles.
Spaces can be filled only by Kings or piles with Kings as bottom cards.
For dealing the stock, cards from it are dealt to the waste pile one at a time and used if possible. The stock can only be dealt twice; afterwards the leftover cards are left at the waste pile.
The game is won if all cards are transferred to the foundations.
Variations
Harp is another two-deck version of Klondike like Gargantua, but the stock can only be dealt four times.
Ultra Klondike is a Klondike variant that uses multiple packs of cards. The most simple version involves two packs, with eight foundation stacks rather than four. Instead of the standard seven columns of cards used in normal Klondike, twelve columns are used for two packs, sixteen for three packs.
As the number of packs used rises, it becomes harder to complete the game, due to the increase in the proportion of suits to stacks (four to seven in single pack games, eight to twelve in two pack games, twelve to sixteen in three pack games). The standard numbers of foundation stacks and columns are shown in the table for different numbers of starting packs.
For 15 or more packs, an alternative starting layout is generally used with more columns, and fewer cards in the longest columns. Instead of the cards being laid out in a triangle, with one card face up in each row, two cards are turned up - one at each end of each row. A game with 20 packs would use 62 columns, with the two middle columns having just 31 cards.
References
Bibliography
See also
Klondike
List of patiences and solitaires
Glossary of patience and solitaire terms
Simple packers
Double-deck patience card games |
William Keown (1816 – 19 January 1877), known as William Keown-Boyd from 1873, was an Irish Conservative politician.
He was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Downpatrick at a by-election in 1867 and held the seat until the 1874 general election.
References
External links
1816 births
1877 deaths
Irish Conservative Party MPs
UK MPs 1865–1868
UK MPs 1868–1874
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Down constituencies (1801–1922) |
The following is a list of productions by !llmind, an American hip hop producer. He has had a number of co-written and/or produced singles and studio albums reach the Billboard 200 charts since the mid-2000s, including his 2010 album Live from the Tape Deck. He has also worked with musicians such as Joell Ortiz, Symbolyc One, Skyzoo, and 50 Cent.
Chart positions
Production credits
2003-2005
2006-2010
2011-2014
2015-present
Collaboration albums
The Art of OneMind
Live from the Tape Deck
Human
Mixtapes
2008: Blaps, Rhymes & Life
2009: Blaps, Rhymes & Life, Vol II
2009: Blaps, Rhymes & Life, Vol III
2009: The Official Illmind Remix Album
2009: Blaps, Rhymes & Life, Vol IV
2011: Blaps, Rhymes & Life, Vol V
Upcoming projects
2013: No Malice & Ab-Liva - Hear Ye Him & The Truth Shall Set You Free (2013)
"Smoke & Mirrors"
See also
!llmind
References
External links
Illmind.biz
Production discographies
Discographies of American artists
Albums produced by Illmind
Hip hop discographies |
```xml
/***************************************************************************************************
* Load `$localize` onto the global scope - used if i18n tags appear in Angular templates.
*/
import '@angular/localize/init';
/**
* This file includes polyfills needed by Angular and is loaded before the app.
* You can add your own extra polyfills to this file.
*
* This file is divided into 2 sections:
* 1. Browser polyfills. These are applied before loading ZoneJS and are sorted by browsers.
* 2. Application imports. Files imported after ZoneJS that should be loaded before your main
* file.
*
* The current setup is for so-called "evergreen" browsers; the last versions of browsers that
* automatically update themselves. This includes Safari >= 10, Chrome >= 55 (including Opera),
* Edge >= 13 on the desktop, and iOS 10 and Chrome on mobile.
*
* Learn more in path_to_url
*/
/***************************************************************************************************
* BROWSER POLYFILLS
*/
/** IE10 and IE11 requires the following for NgClass support on SVG elements */
// import 'classlist.js'; // Run `npm install --save classlist.js`.
/**
* Web Animations `@angular/platform-browser/animations`
* Only required if AnimationBuilder is used within the application and using IE/Edge or Safari.
* Standard animation support in Angular DOES NOT require any polyfills (as of Angular 6.0).
*/
// import 'web-animations-js'; // Run `npm install --save web-animations-js`.
/**
* By default, zone.js will patch all possible macroTask and DomEvents
* user can disable parts of macroTask/DomEvents patch by setting following flags
* because those flags need to be set before `zone.js` being loaded, and webpack
* will put import in the top of bundle, so user need to create a separate file
* in this directory (for example: zone-flags.ts), and put the following flags
* into that file, and then add the following code before importing zone.js.
* import './zone-flags';
*
* The flags allowed in zone-flags.ts are listed here.
*
* The following flags will work for all browsers.
*
* (window as any).__Zone_disable_requestAnimationFrame = true; // disable patch requestAnimationFrame
* (window as any).__Zone_disable_on_property = true; // disable patch onProperty such as onclick
* (window as any).__zone_symbol__UNPATCHED_EVENTS = ['scroll', 'mousemove']; // disable patch specified eventNames
*
* in IE/Edge developer tools, the addEventListener will also be wrapped by zone.js
* with the following flag, it will bypass `zone.js` patch for IE/Edge
*
* (window as any).__Zone_enable_cross_context_check = true;
*
*/
/***************************************************************************************************
* Zone JS is required by default for Angular itself.
*/
import 'zone.js/dist/zone'; // Included with Angular CLI.
/***************************************************************************************************
* APPLICATION IMPORTS
*/
``` |
Otagi Nenbutsu-ji () is a Buddhist temple in the Arashiyama neighborhood of Kyoto, Japan.
Otagi Nenbutsu-ji was founded by Empress Shōtoku in the middle of the eighth century. Though was destroyed by the flooding of the Kamo River, it was rebuilt as an offshoot of Enryaku-ji, a nearby temple. In the 13th century, it was again destroyed during a civil war. The temple was moved to its current location in 1922, later suffering typhoon damage in 1950.
The gate of the temple contains two fierce-looking Nio statues. Inside the temple are more than 1200 rakan, stone statues representing the disciples of Buddha. These statues, in keeping with rakan traditions, are generally humorous. The sculptures were donated in 1981 in honor of the refurbishment of the temple. Most were carved by amateurs, taught by sculptor Kocho Nishimura.
See also
For an explanation of terms concerning Japanese Buddhism, Japanese Buddhist art, and Japanese Buddhist temple architecture, see the Glossary of Japanese Buddhism.
External links
Official site (Japanese)
Buddhist temples in Kyoto
8th-century establishments in Japan
Important Cultural Properties of Japan
Tendai temples
Temples of Avalokiteśvara |
Professor David Nichol Sharp Kerr (1927–2014) was a British nephrologist.
Kerr was born on 27 December 1927 in Hackney, London, England.
He attended George Watson's Boys School, Edinburgh, and then the University of Edinburgh, where he obtained his MB ChB with Honours in 1951. He subsequently undertook an MSc in Anatomy at the University of Wisconsin.
He undertook National Service as a surgeon-lieutenant with the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve from 1953 to 1955.
He worked at University of Newcastle upon Tyne Medical School, where he rose to the position of professor of renal medicine, from 1968 to 1983, and Hammersmith Hospital, where he was both professor of renal medicine and dean from 1984 to 1992.
He served as editor of the Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London from 1994 to 1998.
He was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1991, and delivered the 1968 Goulstonian lecture and the 1983 Lumleian lecture.
He died on 20 April 2014.
References
External links
1927 births
Place of birth missing
2014 deaths
Place of death missing
British nephrologists
20th-century British medical doctors
People educated at George Watson's College
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve personnel |
```smalltalk
"
I do not match with any keyboard event.
I respond to the Null object pattern, since I represent the inexistance of a key combination.
"
Class {
#name : 'KMNoShortcut',
#superclass : 'KMKeyCombination',
#category : 'Keymapping-KeyCombinations',
#package : 'Keymapping-KeyCombinations'
}
{ #category : 'combining' }
KMNoShortcut >> + aKMModifier [
^ aKMModifier
]
{ #category : 'combining' }
KMNoShortcut >> , aShortcut [
^ aShortcut
]
{ #category : 'matching' }
KMNoShortcut >> matches: anEventBuffer [
^ false
]
{ #category : 'matching' }
KMNoShortcut >> matchesCompletely: anEventBuffer [
^ false
]
{ #category : 'printing' }
KMNoShortcut >> printOn: aStream [
]
``` |
Parasimulium is a genus of black flies containing two subgenera and four species. They are found in western North America. Most species are rare, and some Canadian species are cave dwellers.
Species
Subgenus Astoneomyia Peterson, 1977
P. melanderi Stone, 1963
Subgenus Parasimulium Malloch, 1914
P. crosskeyi Peterson, 1977
P. furcatum Malloch, 1914
P. stonei Peterson, 1977
Literature cited
Simuliidae
Chironomoidea genera
Taxa named by John Russell Malloch |
Kay Gee may refer to:
Kay Gee, Indian cinematographer, see Silsila, Deewaar
KayGee, American DJ and record producer
Kier Gist, or KayGee, member of Naughty by Nature
See also
K-Gee, British music producer and songwriter
Kay Gees, funk and disco band |
```xml
/*
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
// TypeScript Version: 4.1
/**
* Returns a list of simple American-English words (revised Spache).
*
* ## Notes
*
* - This function synchronously reads data from disk for each invocation. Such behavior is intentional and so is the avoidance of `require`. We assume that invocations are infrequent, and we want to avoid the `require` cache. This means that we allow data to be garbage collected and a user is responsible for explicitly caching data.
*
*
* @throws unable to read data
* @returns words
*
* @example
* var list = words();
* // returns [ 'a', 'able', 'about', 'above', ... ]
*/
declare function words(): Array<string>;
// EXPORTS //
export = words;
``` |
```go
package lib
import (
"context"
"errors"
"testing"
"time"
"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
"github.com/qri-io/dataset"
"github.com/qri-io/qri/base"
"github.com/qri-io/qri/base/dsfs"
testcfg "github.com/qri-io/qri/config/test"
"github.com/qri-io/qri/dsref"
"github.com/qri-io/qri/event"
"github.com/qri-io/qri/p2p"
"github.com/qri-io/qri/repo"
testrepo "github.com/qri-io/qri/repo/test"
)
// renderTestRunner holds state to make it easier to run tests
type renderTestRunner struct {
Node *p2p.QriNode
Repo repo.Repo
Instance *Instance
Context context.Context
ContextDone func()
TsFunc func() time.Time
}
// newRenderTestRunner returns a test runner for render
func newRenderTestRunner(t *testing.T, testName string) *renderTestRunner {
ctx, done := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
defer done()
r := renderTestRunner{}
r.Context, r.ContextDone = context.WithCancel(context.Background())
// To keep hashes consistent, artificially specify the timestamp by overriding
// the dsfs.Timestamp func
r.TsFunc = dsfs.Timestamp
dsfs.Timestamp = func() time.Time { return time.Time{} }
var err error
r.Repo, err = testrepo.NewTestRepo()
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
r.Node, err = p2p.NewQriNode(r.Repo, testcfg.DefaultP2PForTesting(), event.NilBus, nil)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
r.Instance = NewInstanceFromConfigAndNode(ctx, testcfg.DefaultConfigForTesting(), r.Node)
return &r
}
// Delete cleans up after the test is done
func (r *renderTestRunner) Delete() {
r.ContextDone()
dsfs.Timestamp = r.TsFunc
}
// Save saves a version of the dataset with a body
func (r *renderTestRunner) Save(ref string, ds *dataset.Dataset, bodyPath string) {
params := SaveParams{
Ref: ref,
Dataset: ds,
BodyPath: bodyPath,
}
_, err := r.Instance.Dataset().Save(r.Context, ¶ms)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}
func TestRenderViz(t *testing.T) {
ctx, done := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
defer done()
// set Default Template to something easier to work with, then
// cleanup when test completes
prevDefaultTemplate := base.DefaultTemplate
base.DefaultTemplate = `<html><h1>{{.Peername}}/{{.Name}}</h1></html>`
defer func() { base.DefaultTemplate = prevDefaultTemplate }()
cases := []struct {
description string
params *RenderParams
expect []byte
err string
}{
{"invalid ref",
&RenderParams{
Ref: "foo/invalid_ref",
Selector: "viz",
}, nil, "reference not found"},
{"template override just title",
&RenderParams{
Ref: "me/movies",
Template: []byte("{{ .Meta.Title }}"),
Selector: "viz",
}, []byte("example movie data"), ""},
{"override with invalid template",
&RenderParams{
Ref: "me/movies",
Template: []byte("{{ .BadTemplate }}"),
Selector: "viz",
}, nil, `template: index.html:1:3: executing "index.html" at <.BadTemplate>: can't evaluate field BadTemplate in type *dataset.Dataset`},
{"override with corrupt template",
&RenderParams{
Ref: "me/movies",
Template: []byte("{{ .BadTemplateBooPlzFail"),
Selector: "viz",
}, nil, `parsing template: template: index.html:1: unclosed action`},
{"default template",
&RenderParams{
Ref: "me/movies",
Selector: "viz",
}, []byte("<html><h1>peer/movies</h1></html>"), ""},
{"alternate dataset default template",
&RenderParams{
Ref: "me/sitemap",
Selector: "viz",
}, []byte("<html><h1>peer/sitemap</h1></html>"), ""},
}
tr, err := testrepo.NewTestRepo()
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("error allocating test repo: %s", err.Error())
return
}
node, err := p2p.NewQriNode(tr, testcfg.DefaultP2PForTesting(), event.NilBus, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err.Error())
}
inst := NewInstanceFromConfigAndNode(ctx, testcfg.DefaultConfigForTesting(), node)
for i, c := range cases {
got, err := inst.Dataset().Render(ctx, c.params)
if !(err == nil && c.err == "" || err != nil && err.Error() == c.err) {
t.Errorf("case %d %s error mismatch. expected: '%s', got: '%s'", i, c.description, c.err, err)
return
}
if diff := cmp.Diff(string(got), string(c.expect)); diff != "" {
t.Errorf("case %d result mismatch. (-want +got):\n%s", i, c.description)
}
}
}
// Test that render with a readme returns an html string
func TestRenderReadme(t *testing.T) {
runner := newRenderTestRunner(t, "render_readme")
defer runner.Delete()
ctx := context.TODO()
runner.Save(
"me/my_dataset",
&dataset.Dataset{
Readme: &dataset.Readme{
Text: "# hi\n\nhello\n",
},
},
"testdata/jobs_by_automation/body.csv")
params := RenderParams{
Ref: "peer/my_dataset",
Format: "html",
Selector: "readme",
}
text, err := runner.Instance.Dataset().Render(ctx, ¶ms)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
expect := "<h1>hi</h1>\n\n<p>hello</p>\n"
if diff := cmp.Diff(expect, string(text)); diff != "" {
t.Errorf("response mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
}
params = RenderParams{
Dataset: &dataset.Dataset{
Readme: &dataset.Readme{
Text: "# hi\n\nhello",
},
},
Selector: "readme",
}
text, err = runner.Instance.Dataset().Render(ctx, ¶ms)
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("dynamic dataset render error: %s", err)
}
if diff := cmp.Diff(expect, string(text)); diff != "" {
t.Errorf("dynamic dataset render response mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
}
params = RenderParams{
Ref: "foo/bar",
Dataset: &dataset.Dataset{
Readme: &dataset.Readme{
Text: "# hi\n\nhello",
},
},
Selector: "readme",
}
text, err = runner.Instance.Dataset().Render(ctx, ¶ms)
if err == nil {
t.Errorf("expected RenderReadme with both ref & dataset to error")
}
}
func TestRenderValidationFailure(t *testing.T) {
runner := newRenderTestRunner(t, "render_readme")
defer runner.Delete()
params := RenderParams{
Ref: "peer/my_dataset",
Dataset: &dataset.Dataset{},
Format: "html",
Selector: "viz",
}
_, err := runner.Instance.Dataset().Render(runner.Context, ¶ms)
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("expected error, got nil")
}
expect := "cannot provide both a reference and a dataset to render"
if diff := cmp.Diff(expect, err.Error()); diff != "" {
t.Errorf("err mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
}
params = RenderParams{}
_, err = runner.Instance.Dataset().Render(runner.Context, ¶ms)
if !errors.Is(dsref.ErrEmptyRef, err) {
t.Errorf("err mismatch, expected %q, got %q", dsref.ErrEmptyRef, err)
}
params = RenderParams{
Ref: "peer/my_dataset",
}
_, err = runner.Instance.Dataset().Render(runner.Context, ¶ms)
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("expected error, got nil")
}
expect = "selector must be one of 'viz' or 'readme'"
if diff := cmp.Diff(expect, err.Error()); diff != "" {
t.Errorf("err mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
}
}
``` |
Phyllobrotica limbata is a species of skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America.
References
Further reading
External links
Galerucinae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1801
Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius |
Konstantin Vladimirovich Basyuk (Russian: Константин Владимирович Басюк; born on 29 May 1966) is a Russian businessman and politician, who serves as Russian Federation Senator from Kherson Oblast since 2022.
He is the first Senator from the region, which was annexed from Ukraine after the 2022 invasion.
Biography
Konstantin Basyuk was born on 29 May 1966 in Taldy-Kurgan, Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union.
In 1987, he graduated from the F. E. Dzerzhinsky Higher Border School of the KGB. In 1988, he graduated from the Higher School of the KGB. He then served in Soviet (and later Russian) state security structures, inclusing the Ministry of Security, the Federal Counterintelligence Service and the Federal Security Service (the successor to the KGB).
In 1998, he moved to the private sector. From September to October, he was an advisor to the president of Alliance Group OJSC, before stepping down to assume the directorship of the Department for Relations with State and Public Organizations of Alliance Group OJSC, a position he held until December 2001. He was subsequently promoted, becoming Vice President of Alliance Group OJSC. In December 2004, he became the President of CJSC ALLIANCE-PROM.
Basyuk has worked in the field of civil aviation since 2005, and is the chairman of the board of directors of Khabarovsk Airport JSC, the president of Komaks Management Company LLC, is a member of the board of directors of Vladivostok International Airport JSC.
Basyuk entered politics during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, becoming an advisor to the Head of Russian occupation authorities in the Kherson Oblast, Volodymyr Saldo.
In December 2022, shortly after Russia annexed Kherson Oblast, a move condemned by the United Nations as illegal, Basyuk was appointed as the region's representative in the Federation Council by now-Governor Saldo. He was sanctioned by the European Union for taking up the role. A second representative will be chosen by the new regional legislature after country-wide regional elections in September 2023.
References
1966 births
Living people
Members of the Federation Council of Russia (after 2000) |
```objective-c
//
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
//
// Fence9.h: Defines the rx::FenceNV9 class which implements rx::FenceNVImpl.
#ifndef LIBANGLE_RENDERER_D3D_D3D9_FENCE9_H_
#define LIBANGLE_RENDERER_D3D_D3D9_FENCE9_H_
#include "libANGLE/renderer/FenceNVImpl.h"
#include "libANGLE/renderer/FenceSyncImpl.h"
namespace rx
{
class Renderer9;
class FenceNV9 : public FenceNVImpl
{
public:
explicit FenceNV9(Renderer9 *renderer);
~FenceNV9() override;
gl::Error set(GLenum condition) override;
gl::Error test(GLboolean *outFinished) override;
gl::Error finish() override;
private:
gl::Error testHelper(bool flushCommandBuffer, GLboolean *outFinished);
Renderer9 *mRenderer;
IDirect3DQuery9 *mQuery;
};
}
#endif // LIBANGLE_RENDERER_D3D_D3D9_FENCE9_H_
``` |
Benoît-Joseph Marsollier (also known as Benoît-Joseph Marsollier des Vivetières, (Paris, 1750 – Versailles, 22 April 1817) was a French playwright and librettist. He is particularly noted for his work in opéra comique. In 1780 he also led the first exploration of the Grotte des Demoiselles.
His librettos include Nina, L'irato, and Les deux petits savoyards.
List of plays
Le Danger de la prévention, comedy in 3 acts and in prose, created at the Comédie-Italienne (hôtel de Bourgogne) 28 May 1761
Jenni, ou le Désintéressement, drame de société in 2 acts and in prose (Nancy, J. B. Hyacinthe, 1771) Read online
Le Connoisseur, comédie de société, in 3 acts and in prose, by {M. le Chevalier D. G. N. auteur du drame de Jenni, (Paris, Valade, 1771) Read online
Norac et Javolci, drama in 3 acts and in prose created in 1771 at the Hôtel de Conti in Versailles (Lyon, 1785) Read online
Le Parti sage, proverbe dramatique in 1 act and in prose created at The Hague 29 June 1771 (London, 1785)
Richard et Sara (Paris, Valade, 1772)
Le Trompeur, trompé, ou À bon chat, bon rat, comédie de société in 1 act and in prose created in Paris in 1772 (Paris, Valade, 1772)
Le Bal masqué, opéra comique in 1 act, music by François-Joseph Darcis, created at the château de Versailles 31 March 1772 (Paris, Vente, 1772) Read online
Georges et Molly, drama in 3 acts and in prose mingled with ariettes, from L’Orpheline anglaise created at the Hôtel de Bourgogne 17 September 1772 (Paris, Valade, 1774)
La Fausse Peur, comedy in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by François-Joseph Darcis, created at the Hôtel de Bourgogne 18 July 1774 (Paris, Valade, 1774) Read online
La Fausse Délicatesse, comedy in 3 acts and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Philipp Joseph Hinner, créée au château de Fontainebleau le 18 octobre 1776 (Paris, Duchesne, 1776)
Le Vieillard crédule, proverbe in 1 act and in prose, created at the Théâtre des Petits-Comédiens in the bois de Boulogne 14 August 1779
Beaumarchais à Madrid, comedy in 3 acts and in prose, created in Lyon in 1780 Read online
L’Officieux, comedy in 3 acts and in prose in collaboration with Adrien-Nicolas Piédefer, marquis de La Salle, created at the Hôtel de Bourgogne 18 August 1780 (Paris, Pierre Didot, 1780)
Le Vaporeux, comedy in 2 acts and in prose, created at the Hôtel de Bourgogne 3 May 1782 (Paris, Brunet, 1782)
Les Deux Aveugles de Bagdad, comedy in 2 acts and in prose mingled with ariettes, created at the Hôtel de Bourgogne 9 September 1782
Philips et Sara, little play in 1 act and in verse created at the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique 16 January 1783 (Paris, Delavigne, 1783)
Céphise, ou L’Erreur de l’esprit, comedy in 2 acts and in prose created at the Opéra-Comique (salle Favart) 28 January 1783 (Paris, Barba, 1797)
La Confiance trahie, comedy in 1 act and in prose, in collaboration with Arthur Murphy, created in Lyon 28 February 1784 (Paris, Brunet, 1784)
Les Billets nuls, ou les Deux Billets, comedy in 1 act and in prose, created at the Théâtre des Variétés-Amusantes 17 May 1784
L'entente est au diseur, « proverbe » in 1 act and in prose, created at the Ambigu-Comique December 1784
Théodore ou le Bonheur inattendu, comedy in 3 acts and in prose mingled with ariettes, created at the château de Fontainebleau 4 March 1785
Blaise et Babet, comedy in prose, created in Lyon in 1785
Nina ou la Folle par amour, comedy in 1 act in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created in the salle Favart 15 May 1786 (Paris, Brunet, 1786)Read online
Les deux petits savoyards, comedy in 1 act mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 14 January 1789 (Paris, Brunet, 1789)
Camille, ou le Souterrain, drame lyrique in 3 acts and in prose, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 19 March 1791 (Paris, Brunet, 1791) Read online
Le Chevalier de la Barre, comedy in 1 act and in prose, created salle Favart 6 July 1791
Asgill ou le Prisonnier de guerre, drama in 1 act and in prose, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, Paris, salle Favart, created 13 floréal an I|2 May 1793
Les Détenus, ou, Cange, commissionnaire de Lazare, "historical fact" in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 28 brumaire an III (18 November 1794) (Paris, Maradan, 1794) Read online
Arnill, ou le Prisonnier américain, (same work as 'Asgill but change of title when revived) comedy in 1 act and in prose, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 19 ventôse an III (9 March 1795 (Paris, Barba, 1797) Read online
La Pauvre Femme, comedy in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 19 germinal an III (8 April 1795) (Paris, Barba, 1796) Read online
Adèle et Dorsan, drame lyrique in 3 acts and in prose, mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 8 floréal an III (27 April 1795) (Paris, Libraire du Théâtre de l’Opéra-Comique, 1796)
Marianne, ou l'Amour maternel, comedy in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 19 messidor an IV (7 July 1796) (Paris, Chaigneau, 1796)
La Maison isolée, ou le Vieillard des Vosges, "historical fact" in 2 acts and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 22 floréal an V (11 May 1797) (Paris, Barba, 1797) Read online
La Leçon, ou la Tasse de glace, comedy in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created at the Théâtre Feydeau 5 prairial an V (24 May 1797 (Paris, Huet, 1797)
Le Traité nul, comedy in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Pierre Gaveaux created at the Théâtre Feydeau 5 messidor an V/23 June 1797 (Paris, Huet, 1797) Read online
Gulnare, ou l’Esclave persane, comedy in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 10 nivôse an VI (30 december 1797) (Paris, Barba, 1798)
Alexis ou l'Erreur d’un bon père, comedy in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created at the Théâtre Feydeau 5 pluviôse an VI (24 January 1798) (Paris, Barba, 1798) Read online
La Mort du colonel Mauduit, ou les Anarchistes au Port-au-Prince, "historical fact" in 1 act and in prose (Paris, Cailleau, 1799)
Adolphe et Clara, ou les Deux Prisonniers, comedy in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 22 pluviôse an VII (10 February 1799) (Paris, Au bureau-général du Mercure de France, chez Cailleau, imprimeur-libraire, 1799) Read online
Roger ou le Page, comedy in 3 acts and in prose, in collaboration with Edmond de Favières, music bye Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 20 ventôse an VII (10 March 1799)
Laure ou l'Actrice chez elle, comedy in 1 act, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created salle Favart 3 vendémiaire an VIII (27 September 1799)
Emma, ou le Soupçon, opera in 3 acts, created at the Théâtre Feydeau 15 October 1799
Le Rocher de Leucade, comedy in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created 25 pluviôse an VIII (14 February 1800) at the Opéra-Comique (salle Favart)
Une matinée de Catinat, ou le Tableau, opéra in 1 act and in prose, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, createdat the Opéra-Comique (théâtre Feydeau) 7 vendémiaire an IX (29 September 1800) (Paris, André, 1801)
Le Joueur d’échecs, vaudeville in 1 act created at the Théâtre Montansier 13 vendémiaire an IX/5 October 1800 (Paris, Madame Masson, 1801)
L’Irato, ou l’Emporté, comédie-parade in 1 act mingled with ariettes, music by Étienne-Nicolas Méhul, created salle Favart 29 pluviôse an IX/18 February 1801 (Paris, Masson, 1801)
Léhéman, ou la Tour de Newstadt, drame lyrique in 3 acts and in prose, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created Théâtre Feydeau 21 frimaire an X (12 December 1801) (Paris, Masson, 1801)
Le Concert interrompu, opéra comique in 1 act in collaboration with Edmond de Favières, music by Henri-Montan Berton, created at Théâtre Feydeau 31 May 1802 (Paris, Masson, 1802)
Joanna, opéra comique in 2 acts, music by Étienne-Nicolas Méhul, created Théâtre Feydeau 2 frimaire an XI/23 November 1802 (Paris, Masson, 1803)
Léonce, ou le Fils adoptif, opéra comique in 2 acts and in prose mingled with music, music by Nicolas Isouard created Théâtre Feydeau 18 November 1805
Les Deux Aveugles de Tolède, opéra comique in 1 act and in prose, music by Étienne-Nicolas Méhul, created at the Théâtre Feydeau 28 January 1806 (Paris, Masson, 1806)
Deux mots, ou Une nuit dans la forêt, comedy in 1 act and in prose, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created at the Théâtre Feydeau 9 June 1806 (Paris, Masson, 1806) Read online
Jean de Paris, melodrama extravaganza in 3 acts and in prose, created at the Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin 26 February 1807 (Paris, Barba, 1807)
Élise-Hortense, ou les Souvenirs de l’enfance, comedy in 1 act mingled with ariettes, music by Nicolas Dalayrac, created at the Théâtre Feydeau 26 September 1809 (Paris, Masson, 1809)
Edmond et Caroline, ou la Lettre et la Réponse, comedy in 1 act and in prose mingled with ariettes, music by Frédéric Kreubé, created at the Théâtre Feydeau 5 August 1819 (Paris, J.-N. Barba, 1819)
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
Benoît-Joseph Marsollier on Data.bnf.fr
Writers from Paris
1750 births
1817 deaths
18th-century French dramatists and playwrights
19th-century French dramatists and playwrights
French opera librettists
French speleologists
Knights of the Legion of Honour |
Boodontinae is a subfamily of colubrid snakes.
Genera
It contains 22 genera.
Boaedon
Bothrolycus
Bothrophthalmus
Buhoma
Chamaelycus
Dendrolycus
Dipsina
Dromophis
Duberria
Gonionotophis
Grayia
Hormonotus
Lamprophis
Lycodonomorphus
Lycophidion
Macroprotodon
Mehelya
Montaspis
Pseudaspis
Pseudoboodon
Pythonodipsas
Scaphiophis
References
Colubrids
Snake subfamilies
Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope |
```javascript
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
function TestFunctionPrototypeSetter() {
var f = function() {};
var o = {__proto__: f};
o.prototype = 42;
assertEquals(42, o.prototype);
assertTrue(o.hasOwnProperty('prototype'));
}
TestFunctionPrototypeSetter();
function TestFunctionPrototypeSetterOnValue() {
var f = function() {};
var fp = f.prototype;
Number.prototype.__proto__ = f;
var n = 42;
var o = {};
n.prototype = o;
assertEquals(fp, n.prototype);
assertEquals(fp, f.prototype);
assertFalse(Number.prototype.hasOwnProperty('prototype'));
}
TestFunctionPrototypeSetterOnValue();
function TestArrayLengthSetter() {
var a = [1];
var o = {__proto__: a};
o.length = 2;
assertEquals(2, o.length);
assertEquals(1, a.length);
assertTrue(o.hasOwnProperty('length'));
}
TestArrayLengthSetter();
function TestArrayLengthSetterOnValue() {
Number.prototype.__proto__ = [1];
var n = 42;
n.length = 2;
assertEquals(1, n.length);
assertFalse(Number.prototype.hasOwnProperty('length'));
}
TestArrayLengthSetterOnValue();
``` |
Polygrammodes supremalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by William Schaus in 1920. It is found in Paraná, Brazil.
The wingspan is about 43 mm. The base of the forewings, except the edge of the costa and inner margin broadly to the postmedial line, is fuscous brown shot with iridescent steel. This dark area is edged in front by a fuscous brown line preceded by a dark yellow line. An angled dark yellow line edged with fuscous brown is found medially on the inner margin and the postmedial area is pale brown. The medial pale yellow area forms a large irregular triangle with its base on the costa. There is a small spot in the cell, defined by some dark scales, and there is a yellow streak on the discocellular, edged by a reddish-brown line. The costa is yellow to the apex, only crossed by the postmedial line, which is fine, fuscous brown and shaded on either side with yellow. It is followed by an irregular, narrow greyish-purple shade from veins 2 to 5, and above vein 5 to vein 7 by a similar diverging shade. The termen is pale yellow and there is a fine brown terminal line. The base and inner margin of the hindwings is brownish purple.
References
Spilomelinae
Moths described in 1920
Moths of South America |
The Daily Show is a lifestyle magazine show which aired on the RTÉ One television channel in Ireland, and which debuted as part of RTÉ's autumn/winter season 2010. It followed Four Live, presented by Maura Derrane.
Presented by Dáithí Ó Sé and Claire Byrne, The Daily Show began on Monday 20 September 2010. It ended on 2 March 2012 due to budget cutbacks at RTÉ.
Presenters
Dáithí Ó Sé
Dáithí is a native Irish speaker and began his TV career on TG4 as a weather man and as one of their continuity announcers. He also hosted the documentary series Dáithí ar Route 66 and Dáithí ar Route 61 for TG4. In August 2010 he became the host of the annual Rose of Tralee festival.
Claire Byrne
Claire Byrne started her broadcasting career on local radio before moving to TV3 as an Ireland AM newsreader. In the mid-2000s she became a newsreader on the United Kingdom's FIVE; she later moved back to TV3 as co-host of Ireland AM. She left TV3 in 2008 and returned to radio with Newstalk. TV3 insisted at this time that she finish her contract with them before moving to the news radio station.
Format
The series was a current affairs and lifestyle based news show. Guests include sports stars, actors, TV hosts, and politicians. Segments include Showbiz with Lottie Ryan, Movies with Micheal Doherty, and Technology.
RTÉ News
An RTÉ News bulletin aired at 5pm during the show.
Three Little Words
The main guest of the day was asked to increase the Friday Cash Giveaway. Dáithí gives 3 clues as to what the three words are and if the guest gets all three words correct they add €500 to the cash prize. The guest had a minute to guess the 3 words.
History
On 28 January 2011, Kara Tointon appeared on The Daily Show after winning a British television show.
On 3 February 2011, Jedward appeared on The Daily Show.
On 14 April 2011, Hart to Hart actor Stefanie Powers appeared on The Daily Show. Dáithí confessed that he fancied her.
On 20 January 2012, former EastEnders actor Pam St. Clement appeared on The Daily Show.
Will be available on RTE Player during Christmas 2021 to celebrate 60 Years of Television.
Criticism
Based on the first episode of the show, Pat Stacey of the Evening Herald asserted that Ó Sé and Byrne have no chemistry between them.
The Irish Times TV review said it is "a panel show, and the idea – I think – is to be more heavyweight than Derrane and discuss the social and political events of the day, or, as they said, what people are talking about. Except there's also a pointless phone-in poll, a mortifyingly stupid quiz, consumer items and other random bits and bobs" and that it had missed a huge opportunity when Michael Kennedy TD of the Fianna Fáil political party stated he was in support of Tom Kitt's suggestion that the Taoiseach's leadership of the party needed to be discussed by the party, a major coup for the new show hampered by a "confused" and "lightweight" format. The set was also described as "old fashioned" and "clunky".
References
2010 Irish television series debuts
2012 Irish television series endings
Irish television talk shows
RTÉ original programming |
```java
package org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.inlinequery.inputmessagecontent;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize;
import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.interfaces.BotApiObject;
import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.interfaces.Validable;
import org.telegram.telegrambots.meta.api.objects.inlinequery.inputmessagecontent.serialization.InputMessageContentDeserializer;
/**
* @author Ruben Bermudez
* @version 1.0
* This object represents the content of a message to be sent as a result of an inline
* query.
*/
@JsonDeserialize(using = InputMessageContentDeserializer.class)
public interface InputMessageContent extends Validable, BotApiObject {
}
``` |
```python
"""This lambda is used for lambda/sqs integration tests. Since SQS event source mappings don't allow
DestinationConfigurations that send lambda results to other source (like SQS queues), that can be used to verify
invocations, this lambda does this manually. You can pass in an event that looks like this::
{
"destination": "<queue_url>",
"fail_attempts": 2
}
Which will cause the lambda to fail twice (comparing the "ApproximateReceiveCount" of the SQS event triggering
the lambda), and send either an error or success result to the SQS queue passed in the destination key.
"""
import json
import os
import boto3
def handler(event, context):
# this lambda expects inputs from an SQS event source mapping
if len(event.get("Records", [])) != 1:
raise ValueError("the payload must consist of exactly one record")
# it expects exactly one record where the message body is '{"destination": "<queue_url>"}' that mimics a
# DestinationConfig (which is not possible with SQS event source mappings).
record = event["Records"][0]
message = json.loads(record["body"])
if not message.get("destination"):
raise ValueError("no destination for the event given")
error = None
try:
if message["fail_attempts"] >= int(record["attributes"]["ApproximateReceiveCount"]):
raise ValueError("failed attempt")
except Exception as e:
error = e
raise
finally:
# we then send a message to the destination queue
result = {"error": None if not error else str(error), "event": event}
sqs = create_external_boto_client("sqs")
sqs.send_message(QueueUrl=message.get("destination"), MessageBody=json.dumps(result))
def create_external_boto_client(service):
endpoint_url = None
if os.environ.get("AWS_ENDPOINT_URL"):
endpoint_url = os.environ["AWS_ENDPOINT_URL"]
region_name = (
os.environ.get("AWS_DEFAULT_REGION") or os.environ.get("AWS_REGION") or "us-east-1"
)
return boto3.client(service, endpoint_url=endpoint_url, region_name=region_name)
``` |
Honest Love and True is a 1938 Fleischer Studios animated short film starring Betty Boop and her erstwhile boyfriend Fearless Freddy.
This is the last in a series of Betty Boop melodrama spoofs, which also included She Wronged Him Right (1934), Betty Boop's Prize Show (1934) and No! No! A Thousand Times No!! (1935).
Plot
The plotline—as much as can be determined from surviving materials—features Betty as a poor singer working in a Klondike saloon, with Freddie as her Mountie defender.
References
External links
Honest Love and True at the Big Cartoon Database.
1938 films
Betty Boop cartoons
1930s American animated films
American black-and-white films
1938 animated films
Paramount Pictures short films
Fleischer Studios short films
Short films directed by Dave Fleischer
Films about singers
Films set in Yukon |
Route nationale 25 (RN 25) is a primary highway in Madagascar of 161 km, running from Mananjary, Fianarantsoa to RN7. It crosses the regions of Vatovavy and Haute Matsiatra.
It is only partly paved and often in bad condition.
Selected locations on route
(east to west)
Mananjary, Fianarantsoa (already on RN 11)
Betampona (near Betampona intersection with RN 11)
Fenoarivo, Ambalavao
Irondro (intersection with RN 12)
Kianjavato
Ifanadiana (intersection with RN 14 to Ikongo/Vohipeno)
Ranomafana National Park
Vorodolo - (intersection with RN 45)
Ambalakindresy
Manandroy
- intersection with RN7
Ambohimahasoa
See also
List of roads in Madagascar
Transport in Madagascar
References
Roads in Haute Matsiatra
Roads in Vatovavy
Roads in Madagascar |
Biomechanics is the study of the structure, function and motion of the mechanical aspects of biological systems, at any level from whole organisms to organs, cells and cell organelles, using the methods of mechanics. Biomechanics is a branch of biophysics.
In 2022, computational mechanics goes far beyond pure mechanics, and involves other physical actions: chemistry, heat and mass transfer, electric and magnetic stimuli and many others.
Etymology
The word "biomechanics" (1899) and the related "biomechanical" (1856) come from the Ancient Greek βίος bios "life" and μηχανική, mēchanikē "mechanics", to refer to the study of the mechanical principles of living organisms, particularly their movement and structure.
Subfields
Biofluid mechanics
Biological fluid mechanics, or biofluid mechanics, is the study of both gas and liquid fluid flows in or around biological organisms. An often studied liquid biofluid problem is that of blood flow in the human cardiovascular system. Under certain mathematical circumstances, blood flow can be modeled by the Navier–Stokes equations. In vivo whole blood is assumed to be an incompressible Newtonian fluid. However, this assumption fails when considering forward flow within arterioles. At the microscopic scale, the effects of individual red blood cells become significant, and whole blood can no longer be modeled as a continuum. When the diameter of the blood vessel is just slightly larger than the diameter of the red blood cell the Fahraeus–Lindquist effect occurs and there is a decrease in wall shear stress. However, as the diameter of the blood vessel decreases further, the red blood cells have to squeeze through the vessel and often can only pass in a single file. In this case, the inverse Fahraeus–Lindquist effect occurs and the wall shear stress increases.
An example of a gaseous biofluids problem is that of human respiration. Recently, respiratory systems in insects have been studied for bioinspiration for designing improved microfluidic devices.
Biotribology
Biotribology is the study of friction, wear and lubrication of biological systems, especially human joints such as hips and knees. In general, these processes are studied in the context of contact mechanics and tribology.
Additional aspects of biotribology include analysis of subsurface damage resulting from two surfaces coming in contact during motion, i.e. rubbing against each other, such as in the evaluation of tissue-engineered cartilage.
Comparative biomechanics
Comparative biomechanics is the application of biomechanics to non-human organisms, whether used to gain greater insights into humans (as in physical anthropology) or into the functions, ecology and adaptations of the organisms themselves. Common areas of investigation are Animal locomotion and feeding, as these have strong connections to the organism's fitness and impose high mechanical demands. Animal locomotion, has many manifestations, including running, jumping and flying. Locomotion requires energy to overcome friction, drag, inertia, and gravity, though which factor predominates varies with environment.
Comparative biomechanics overlaps strongly with many other fields, including ecology, neurobiology, developmental biology, ethology, and paleontology, to the extent of commonly publishing papers in the journals of these other fields. Comparative biomechanics is often applied in medicine (with regards to common model organisms such as mice and rats) as well as in biomimetics, which looks to nature for solutions to engineering problems.
Computational biomechanics
Computational biomechanics is the application of engineering computational tools, such as the Finite element method to study the mechanics of biological systems. Computational models and simulations are used to predict the relationship between parameters that are otherwise challenging to test experimentally, or used to design more relevant experiments reducing the time and costs of experiments. Mechanical modeling using finite element analysis has been used to interpret the experimental observation of plant cell growth to understand how they differentiate, for instance. In medicine, over the past decade, the Finite element method has become an established alternative to in vivo surgical assessment. One of the main advantages of computational biomechanics lies in its ability to determine the endo-anatomical response of an anatomy, without being subject to ethical restrictions. This has led FE modeling (or other discretization techniques) to the point of becoming ubiquitous in several fields of Biomechanics while several projects have even adopted an open source philosophy (e.g. BioSpine) and SOniCS, as well as the SOFA, FEniCS frameworks and FEBio.
Computational biomechanics is an essential ingredient in surgical simulation, which is used for surgical planning, assistance and training. In this case, numerical (discretization) methods are used to compute, as fast as possible, the response of a system to boundary conditions such as forces, heat and mass transfer, electrical and magnetic stimuli.
Experimental biomechanics
Experimental biomechanics is the application of experiments and measurements in biomechanics.
Continuum biomechanics
The mechanical analysis of biomaterials and biofluids is usually carried forth with the concepts of continuum mechanics. This assumption breaks down when the length scales of interest approach the order of the micro structural details of the material. One of the most remarkable characteristic of biomaterials is their hierarchical structure. In other words, the mechanical characteristics of these materials rely on physical phenomena occurring in multiple levels, from the molecular all the way up to the tissue and organ levels.
Biomaterials are classified in two groups, hard and soft tissues. Mechanical deformation of hard tissues (like wood, shell and bone) may be analysed with the theory of linear elasticity. On the other hand, soft tissues (like skin, tendon, muscle and cartilage) usually undergo large deformations and thus their analysis rely on the finite strain theory and computer simulations. The interest in continuum biomechanics is spurred by the need for realism in the development of medical simulation.
Plant biomechanics
The application of biomechanical principles to plants, plant organs and cells has developed into the subfield of plant biomechanics. Application of biomechanics for plants ranges from studying the resilience of crops to environmental stress to development and morphogenesis at cell and tissue scale, overlapping with mechanobiology.
Sports biomechanics
In sports biomechanics, the laws of mechanics are applied to human movement in order to gain a greater understanding of athletic performance and to reduce sport injuries as well. It focuses on the application of the scientific principles of mechanical physics to understand movements of action of human bodies and sports implements such as cricket bat, hockey stick and javelin etc. Elements of mechanical engineering (e.g., strain gauges), electrical engineering (e.g., digital filtering), computer science (e.g., numerical methods), gait analysis (e.g., force platforms), and clinical neurophysiology (e.g., surface EMG) are common methods used in sports biomechanics.
Biomechanics in sports can be stated as the muscular, joint and skeletal actions of the body during the execution of a given task, skill and/or technique. Proper understanding of biomechanics relating to sports skill has the greatest implications on: sport's performance, rehabilitation and injury prevention, along with sport mastery. As noted by Doctor Michael Yessis, one could say that best athlete is the one that executes his or her skill the best.
Vascular biomechanics
The main topics of the vascular biomechanics is the description of the mechanical behaviour of vascular tissues.
It is well known that cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Vascular system in the human body is the main component that is supposed to maintain pressure and allow for blood flow and chemical exchanges. Studying the mechanical properties of this complex tissues improves the possibility to better understanding cardiovascular diseases and drastically improve personalized medicine.
Vascular tissues are inhomogeneous with a strongly non linear behaviour. Generally this study involves complex geometry with intricate load conditions and material properties. The correct description of these mechanisms is based on the study of physiology and biological interaction. Therefore is necessary to study wall mechanics and hemodynamics with their interaction.
It is also necessary to premise that the vascular wall is a dynamic structure in continuous evolution. This evolution directly follows the chemical and mechanical environment in which the tissues are immersed like Wall Shear Stress or biochemical signaling.
Other applied subfields of biomechanics include
Allometry
Animal locomotion & Gait analysis
Biotribology
Biofluid mechanics
Cardiovascular biomechanics
Comparative biomechanics
Computational biomechanics
Ergonomy
Forensic Biomechanics
Human factors engineering & occupational biomechanics
Injury biomechanics
Implant (medicine), Orthotics & Prosthesis
Kinaesthetics
Kinesiology (kinetics + physiology)
Musculoskeletal & orthopedic biomechanics
Rehabilitation
Soft body dynamics
Sports biomechanics
History
Antiquity
Aristotle, a student of Plato can be considered the first bio-mechanic, because of his work with animal anatomy. Aristotle wrote the first book on the motion of animals, De Motu Animalium, or On the Movement of Animals. He saw animal's bodies as mechanical systems, pursued questions such as the physiological difference between imagining performing an action and actual performance. In another work, On the Parts of Animals, he provided an accurate description of how the ureter uses peristalsis to carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
With the rise of the Roman Empire, technology became more popular than philosophy and the next bio-mechanic arose. Galen (129 AD-210 AD), physician to Marcus Aurelius, wrote his famous work, On the Function of the Parts (about the human body). This would be the world's standard medical book for the next 1,400 years.
Renaissance
The next major biomechanic would not be around until 1490s, with the studies of human anatomy and biomechanics by Leonardo da Vinci. He had a great understanding of science and mechanics and studied anatomy in a mechanics context. He analyzed muscle forces and movements and studied joint functions. These studies could be considered studies in the realm of biomechanics. Leonardo da Vinci studied anatomy in the context of mechanics. He analyzed muscle forces as acting along lines connecting origins and insertions, and studied joint function. Da Vinci is also known for mimicing some animal features in his machines. For example, he studied the flight of birds to find means by which humans could fly; and because horses were the principal source of mechanical power in that time, he studied their muscular systems to design machines that would better benefit from the forces applied by this animal.
In 1543, Galen's work, On the Function of the Parts was challenged by Andreas Vesalius at the age of 29. Vesalius published his own work called, On the Structure of the Human Body. In this work, Vesalius corrected many errors made by Galen, which would not be globally accepted for many centuries. With the death of Copernicus came a new desire to understand and learn about the world around people and how it works. On his deathbed, he published his work, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. This work not only revolutionized science and physics, but also the development of mechanics and later bio-mechanics.
Galileo Galilei, the father of mechanics and part time biomechanic was born 21 years after the death of Copernicus. Over his years of science, Galileo made a lot of biomechanical aspects known. For example, he discovered that "animals' masses increase disproportionately to their size, and their bones must consequently also disproportionately increase in girth, adapting to loadbearing rather than mere size. The bending strength of a tubular structure such as a bone is increased relative to its weight by making it hollow and increasing its diameter. Marine animals can be larger than terrestrial animals because the water's buoyancy relieves their tissues of weight."
Galileo Galilei was interested in the strength of bones and suggested that bones are hollow because this affords maximum strength with minimum weight. He noted that animals' bone masses increased disproportionately to their size. Consequently, bones must also increase disproportionately in girth rather than mere size. This is because the bending strength of a tubular structure (such as a bone) is much more efficient relative to its weight. Mason suggests that this insight was one of the first grasps of the principles of biological optimization.
In the 17th century, Descartes suggested a philosophic system whereby all living systems, including the human body (but not the soul), are simply machines ruled by the same mechanical laws, an idea that did much to promote and sustain biomechanical study.
Industrial era
The next major bio-mechanic, Giovanni Alfonso Borelli, embraced Descartes' mechanical philosophy and studied walking, running, jumping, the flight of birds, the swimming of fish, and even the piston action of the heart within a mechanical framework. He could determine the position of the human center of gravity, calculate and measure inspired and expired air volumes, and he showed that inspiration is muscle-driven and expiration is due to tissue elasticity.
Borelli was the first to understand that "the levers of the musculature system magnify motion rather than force, so that muscles must produce much larger forces than those resisting the motion". Influenced by the work of Galileo, whom he personally knew, he had an intuitive understanding of static equilibrium in various joints of the human body well before Newton published the laws of motion. His work is often considered the most important in the history of bio-mechanics because he made so many new discoveries that opened the way for the future generations to continue his work and studies.
It was many years after Borelli before the field of bio-mechanics made any major leaps. After that time, more and more scientists took to learning about the human body and its functions. There are not many notable scientists from the 19th or 20th century in bio-mechanics because the field is far too vast now to attribute one thing to one person. However, the field is continuing to grow every year and continues to make advances in discovering more about the human body. Because the field became so popular, many institutions and labs have opened over the last century and people continue doing research. With the Creation of the American Society of Bio-mechanics in 1977, the field continues to grow and make many new discoveries.
In the 19th century Étienne-Jules Marey used cinematography to scientifically investigate locomotion. He opened the field of modern 'motion analysis' by being the first to correlate ground reaction forces with movement. In Germany, the brothers Ernst Heinrich Weber and Wilhelm Eduard Weber hypothesized a great deal about human gait, but it was Christian Wilhelm Braune who significantly advanced the science using recent advances in engineering mechanics. During the same period, the engineering mechanics of materials began to flourish in France and Germany under the demands of the industrial revolution. This led to the rebirth of bone biomechanics when the railroad engineer Karl Culmann and the anatomist Hermann von Meyer compared the stress patterns in a human femur with those in a similarly shaped crane. Inspired by this finding Julius Wolff proposed the famous Wolff's law of bone remodeling.
Applications
The study of biomechanics ranges from the inner workings of a cell to the movement and development of limbs, to the mechanical properties of soft tissue, and bones. Some simple examples of biomechanics research include the investigation of the forces that act on limbs, the aerodynamics of bird and insect flight, the hydrodynamics of swimming in fish, and locomotion in general across all forms of life, from individual cells to whole organisms. With growing understanding of the physiological behavior of living tissues, researchers are able to advance the field of tissue engineering, as well as develop improved treatments for a wide array of pathologies including cancer.
Biomechanics is also applied to studying human musculoskeletal systems. Such research utilizes force platforms to study human ground reaction forces and infrared videography to capture the trajectories of markers attached to the human body to study human 3D motion. Research also applies electromyography to study muscle activation, investigating muscle responses to external forces and perturbations.
Biomechanics is widely used in orthopedic industry to design orthopedic implants for human joints, dental parts, external fixations and other medical purposes. Biotribology is a very important part of it. It is a study of the performance and function of biomaterials used for orthopedic implants. It plays a vital role to improve the design and produce successful biomaterials for medical and clinical purposes. One such example is in tissue engineered cartilage. The dynamic loading of joints considered as impact is discussed in detail by Emanuel Willert.
It is also tied to the field of engineering, because it often uses traditional engineering sciences to analyze biological systems. Some simple applications of Newtonian mechanics and/or materials sciences can supply correct approximations to the mechanics of many biological systems. Applied mechanics, most notably mechanical engineering disciplines such as continuum mechanics, mechanism analysis, structural analysis, kinematics and dynamics play prominent roles in the study of biomechanics.
Usually biological systems are much more complex than man-built systems. Numerical methods are hence applied in almost every biomechanical study. Research is done in an iterative process of hypothesis and verification, including several steps of modeling, computer simulation and experimental measurements.
See also
Biomechatronics
Biomedical engineering
Cardiovascular System Dynamics Society
Evolutionary physiology
Forensic biomechanics
International Society of Biomechanics
List of biofluid mechanics research groups
Mechanics of human sexuality
OpenSim (simulation toolkit)
Physical oncology
References
Further reading
External links
Biomechanics and Movement Science Listserver (Biomch-L)
Biomechanics Links
A Genealogy of Biomechanics
Motor control |
James D. Conte (January 1, 1959 – October 16, 2012) was an American politician from New York. He served as a Republican New York State Assemblyman for the 10th District from 1988 until his death.
Personal life
Conte was a lifetime resident of Huntington Station. He attended St. Hugh of Lincoln Elementary School and Huntington High School. Conte received a B.A. degree in economics and political science from the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1982. He married Debra Ingalls, and they had three children.
Conte began his political career as an intern to State Senator James J. Lack and also worked for State Senator Martin J. Knorr. He worked for Suffolk County Executive Michael LoGrande (1986–87) and served as a legislative aide to Assemblywoman Toni Rettaliata. On March 15, 1988, Conte was elected to the New York State Assembly to fill the vacancy caused by the election of Rettaliata as Supervisor of the Town of Huntington. He was re-elected many times, and remained in the Assembly until his death in 2012, sitting in the 187th, 188th, 189th, 190th, 191st, 192nd, 193rd, 194th, 195th, 196th, 197th, 198th and 199th New York State Legislatures.
Conte was diagnosed with T-cell lymphoma in the spring of 2011. In 2012, he chose not to seek another term in office in order to focus on treatment and recovery. Though he received chemotherapy treatments, the cancer continued to spread. Conte died on October 16, 2012.
References
1959 births
2012 deaths
Deaths from cancer in New York (state)
Republican Party members of the New York State Assembly
People from Huntington Station, New York
Stony Brook University alumni
Place of death missing
21st-century American politicians |
Luca Vitelli (died 1730) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, born and active in Rome and Ascoli Piceno.
Biography
He was born in Ascoli, and there was a pupil of Ludovico Trasi in Ascoli. He is said to have traveled to Rome, where he was employed in painting ceilings in private homes. He was facile in both tempera and oil. He worked alongside his fellow-pupil of Trasi, Tommaso Nardini. He painted the ceiling of the church of the Annunziata, and a canvas depicting the Martyrdom of Saints Crispin and Crispiniano for the church of Sant'Agostino, both in Ascoli. He also painted lunettes with the Story of Santa Caterina da Siena for the church of San Venanzio. He painted an Establishment of the Eucharist with the Virgin and Saints (1708) for the Confraternity of Corpus Domini in Ascoli.
References
Year of birth unknown
1730 deaths
People from Ascoli Piceno
17th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
18th-century Italian painters
Italian Baroque painters
18th-century Italian male artists |
```xml
/*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
export * from "./datetimeUtils.js";
export * from "./generateIsomorphicTests.js";
export * from "./testErrorBoundary.js";
export * from "./utils.js";
``` |
```xml
/*
* This software is released under MIT license.
* The full license information can be found in LICENSE in the root directory of this project.
*/
import { renderIcon } from '../icon.renderer.js';
import { IconShapeTuple } from '../interfaces/icon.interfaces.js';
const icon = {
outline:
'<path d="M26.54,20.82a.88.88,0,0,0-.88-.88H20.75l1.1-1.1A.88.88,0,0,0,20.6,17.6l-3.21,3.22L20.6,24a.88.88,0,1,0,1.25-1.24L20.76,21.7h4.9A.88.88,0,0,0,26.54,20.82Z"/><path d="M29.27,21.7a.88.88,0,1,0,0-1.76h-.58a.88.88,0,1,0,0,1.76Z"/><path d="M32.21,20h-.06a.85.85,0,0,0-.85.88.91.91,0,0,0,.91.88.88.88,0,1,0,0-1.76Z"/><path d="M32.59,11a.88.88,0,0,0-1.25,1.24l1.1,1.1H27.53a.88.88,0,1,0,0,1.76h4.9l-1.09,1.09a.88.88,0,0,0,1.25,1.24l3.21-3.22Z"/><path d="M24.5,15.07a.88.88,0,1,0,0-1.76h-.58a.88.88,0,1,0,0,1.76Z"/><path d="M21.9,14.27a.85.85,0,0,0-.85-.88H21a.88.88,0,1,0,0,1.76A.91.91,0,0,0,21.9,14.27Z"/><path d="M30.36,23.65c0,.13,0,.26,0,.39a3.77,3.77,0,0,1-3.62,3.89H7.28a5.32,5.32,0,0,1-5.13-5.48A5.32,5.32,0,0,1,7.28,17H8.91L9,16.12a8.92,8.92,0,0,1,8.62-8h.08a8.49,8.49,0,0,1,6.56,3.29h2.37a10.55,10.55,0,0,0-8.91-5.25h-.11A10.82,10.82,0,0,0,7.22,15a7.28,7.28,0,0,0-7,7.43,7.27,7.27,0,0,0,7.08,7.43H26.77A5.72,5.72,0,0,0,32.35,24a3.77,3.77,0,0,0,0-.39Z"/>',
};
export const cloudTrafficIconName = 'cloud-traffic';
export const cloudTrafficIcon: IconShapeTuple = [cloudTrafficIconName, renderIcon(icon)];
``` |
Sarah Cooper (born 1977) is an American comedian, author, and video maker.
Sarah Cooper may also refer to:
Sarah Brown Ingersoll Cooper (1835–1896), American philanthropist and educator
Sarah Cooper (marmalade maker) (1848–1932), English marmalade maker
Sarah Cooper (sport shooter) (born 1949), English sport shooter
Sarah Cooper (soccer) (born 1969), Australian footballer
See also
Sara Cooper, American playwright and lyricist |
Muradjan Khalmuratov (born 11 June 1982) is a Uzbekistani road bicycle racer. He competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Men's road race, but failed to finish. Khalmuratov has won a record number of 11 Uzbekistan National Time Trial Championships.
Major results
Source:
2004
6th Overall Tour de Korea
9th Time trial, Asian Road Championships
2006
7th Trofeo Franco Balestra
9th Trofeo Alcide Degasperi
2007
9th Time trial, UCI B World Championships
2011
National Road Championships
1st Time trial
5th Road race
1st Overall Tour of China
Asian Road Championships
2nd Road race
5th Time trial
7th Overall Jelajah Malaysia
2012
National Road Championships
1st Time trial
4th Road race
2nd Overall Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhon's Cup Tour of Thailand
1st Stage 1
Asian Road Championships
4th Time trial
6th Road race
5th Overall Tour de Brunei
5th Overall Tour of Fuzhou
2013
Asian Road Championships
1st Time trial
1st Road race
National Road Championships
1st Time trial
1st Road race
7th Overall Tour of Iran
2014
1st Time trial, National Road Championships
7th Time trial, Asian Road Championships
9th Overall Tour of Thailand
2015
National Road Championships
1st Time trial
4th Road race
2016
National Road Championships
1st Time trial
2nd Road race
2017
National Road Championships
1st Time trial
2nd Road race
Asian Road Championships
5th Time trial
10th Road race
2018
1st Time trial, National Road Championships
2nd Time trial, Asian Games
2019
National Road Championships
1st Time trial
1st Road race
Asian Road Championships
9th Road race
10th Time trial
2020
National Road Championships
1st Time trial
1st Road race
2021
1st Time trial, National Road Championships
4th Grand Prix Alanya
6th Grand Prix Velo Alanya
7th Grand Prix Gündoğmuş
2022
3rd Time trial, Asian Road Championships
6th Grand Prix Kapuzbaşı
7th Grand Prix Velo Manavgat
9th Grand Prix Mediterranean
10th Grand Prix Yahyalı
2023
National Road Championships
1st Road race
2nd Time trial
4th Tour of Bostonliq I
5th The Tour Oqtosh - Chorvoq - Mountain II II
7th The Tour Oqtosh - Chorvoq - Mountain II I
8th Tour of Bostonliq II
References
External links
Uzbekistani male cyclists
Living people
Olympic cyclists for Uzbekistan
Cyclists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2020 Summer Olympics
1982 births
Cyclists at the 2010 Asian Games
Cyclists at the 2014 Asian Games
Cyclists at the 2018 Asian Games
Cyclists at the 2022 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2018 Asian Games
Asian Games silver medalists for Uzbekistan
Asian Games medalists in cycling
20th-century Uzbekistani people
21st-century Uzbekistani people |
"The Power of Love" is a song originally recorded and released by British band Frankie Goes to Hollywood. It was written by Holly Johnson, Peter Gill, Mark O'Toole and Brian Nash, four of the five members of the band. It was released by the group as their third single.
Initially issued as a single in November 1984, and taken from the debut album, Welcome to the Pleasuredome (1984), "The Power of Love" followed its two predecessors, "Relax" and "Two Tribes", to the top of the UK singles chart. It scored the band an early December number-one. "The Power of Love" was also a top 10 hit in several European countries, in Australia and New Zealand, and in Canada. "The Power of Love" is often regarded as a Christmas song, despite having no reference to Christmas within the song lyrics. However, the accompanying video features the Nativity of Jesus, and the single cover was The Assumption of the Virgin. The single spent just one week at Number One in the UK, outsold by the charity single "Do They Know It's Christmas?" by Band Aid, which until 1997 was the best selling single ever in the UK.
Since then, reissues and/or remixes of the Frankie Goes to Hollywood recording of this song have been top 10 UK hits on two other occasions, hitting number 10 in 1993 and number 6 in 2000. "The Power of Love" has also charted in the UK in a version by Holly Johnson (a solo recording from 1999). The original version by Frankie Goes to Hollywood was featured in the 2012 film Sightseers, the same year that the song was reissued as a digital download and peaked at number 42, in response to a cover version by Gabrielle Aplin. Her recording of the song also went to number 1 in the UK, exactly 28 years after the original Frankie Goes to Hollywood single topped the chart.
Holly Johnson, who co-wrote the song, later reminisced: "I always felt like 'The Power of Love' was the record that would save me in this life. There is a biblical aspect to its spirituality and passion; the fact that love is the only thing that matters in the end."
Frankie Goes to Hollywood version
The track was first featured during the John Peel Sessions the band performed on during 1983, which was slower and emphasised the track's original camp ironic content (such as the Hooded Claw from the cartoon series The Perils of Penelope Pitstop). After recording at the original speed, ZTT/Trevor Horn sped it up, this also caused a change in pitch.
"The Power of Love" became Frankie Goes to Hollywood's third consecutive (and last) number 1 UK single in December 1984. To commemorate the Christmas release, Godley & Creme directed a Nativity-themed video for the single, and the artwork for the single also used traditional Christian iconography. The original showing of the video on The Tube featured the Nativity occupying the whole screen, however the borders of band members were added for later showings due to pressure from UK broadcasters.
The 12" mix of the song featured actor Chris Barrie aping DJ Mike Read's banning of the single "Relax", as well as his impression of Ronald Reagan, instructing the listener in prayer. The single also featured a Christmas message from the band, entitled "Holier Than Thou".
On the cover is a reproduction of the Assumption of the Virgin by Titian, a 16th-century painting in the Basilica di Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari of Venice.
The single has been reissued in various formats over the years. The 1993 reissue charted at number 10 in the UK; the 2000 remix version reached number 6.
Critical reception
Richard Harris from NME wrote, "'The Power of Love' is too straight-laced, but still drips with deep-pile quality (Holly Johnson had one of the great pop voices, don't forget)".
Track listing
All discographical information here pertains to UK releases only (unless otherwise noted).
7": ZTT / ZTAS 5 (United Kingdom)
"The Power of Love" (7" mix) - 5:27
"The World Is My Oyster" (7" mix) - 4:13
Also available as a picture disc carrying the same tracks. (PZTAS5)
12": ZTT / 12 ZTAS 5 (United Kingdom)
"The Power of Love" (Extended version) - 9:28
"The World Is My Oyster" (Scrapped) - 1:38
"Holier Than Thou" (The first) - 1:08
"The World Is My Oyster" (Trapped) [Instrumental] - 2:29
"Holier Than Thou" (The second) - 4:10
"The Power of Love" (Instrumental) [Unlisted] - 2:27
The cassette, 7" single and the standard 12" single were all released in a "hearts and crosses" cardboard envelope.
"Holier Than Thou" is a recording of band members attempting to record a Christmas message for fans and generally messing about in the recording studio. The final song on the disc is the continuation of the instrumental version of "The Power of Love" that begins side A, here finally reaching its conclusion. This section of music actually begins during the final part of the "Holier Than Thou" section, when Peter Gill is jokingly listing what he wants for Christmas.
Also released as a picture disc carrying the same tracks (12PZTAS5).
12": ZTT / 12 XZTAS 5 (United Kingdom)
"The Power of Love" (7" mix) - 5:27
"The World Is My Oyster" (12" mix) - 4:23
"Welcome to the Pleasuredome" (Pleasure fix) - 9:46
"The Only Star in Heaven" (Star fix) - 3:52
Released in a white gatefold sleeve with five photos.
MC: ZTT / CTIS 105 (United Kingdom)
"The Power of Love" (Extended, singlette version) - 9:18
"The World Is My Oyster (Scrapped)" - 1:38
"Holier Than Thou (the first)" - 1:08
"The World Is My Oyster (Trapped)" - 2:29
"Holier Than Thou (the second)" - 4:10
"The Power of Love" (Instrumental, singlette version) [Unlisted] - 3:30
This complete cassette was re-released in 2012 on CD Sexmix Disk 1 Tracks 7-12. The end of "Instrumental" is identical to the opening of the regular extended version, but with "Relax" in the background.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
Reissues
1993 reissues
The 1993 re-issues featured the church in Ramsau bei Berchtesgaden on the cover.
CD ZTT / FGTH3CD (United Kingdom)
"The Power of Love" - 5:29
"The Power of Love" (Original extended mix) - 9:29
"Rage Hard" (Original DJ mix) [Vocal edit] - 4:13
"Holier Than Thou" (No Rest for the Best - Edit) - 3:29
CD ZTT / FGTH3CDX (United Kingdom)
"The Power of Love" - 5:29
"The Power of Love" (Original extended mix) - 9:29
"Rage Hard" (Original DJ mix) [Vocal edit] - 4:13
"The Power of Love" (Alternative mix) - 5:07
CD ZTT-Warner / 4509-94954-2 (Germany)
"The Power of Love" (1994 radio love mix) - 3:47
"The Power of Love" - 5:29
2000 reissues
CD ZTT / ZTT 150 CD (United Kingdom)
"The Power of Love" (Rob Searle club mix edit) - 4:13
"The Power of Love" (Rob Searle club mix) - 8:41
"The Power of Love" (Minkys Yaba mix edit) - 5:05
12" ZTT / ZTT 150 T (United Kingdom)
"The Power of Love" (Rob Searle club mix) - 8:38
"The Power of Love" (Minky's Yaba mix) - 8:10
2012 reissue
MP3 download (United Kingdom)
"The Power of Love" (Original 7" mix) - 5:30
"The Power of Love" (Original 7" instrumental) - 5:30
"The Power of Love" (Original 12" mix) - 9:30
"The World Is My Oyster" - 4:17
"The Power of Love" (Alternative mix) - 5:08
"The Power of Love" (Best listened to by lovers) - 4:30
"The Power of Love" (Instrumental, singlette version) - 3.34
Best Listened to by Lovers is an orchestral instrumental from Anne Dudley's arrangement recorded as part of the original Welcome to the Pleasuredome album sessions in 1984 which was used for the first part of the original "Power of Love" 12" single, with added guitars. It was first released on the compilation CD Frankie Said earlier in 2012.
Original 7" Instrumental is an instrumental version of the regular single / album track, and is unique to this release.
Other songs with the title in 1985
This was the first of three singles in the British top 10 with the title "The Power of Love" in 1985. The other two were "The Power of Love" by Huey Lewis and the News, which peaked at No. 9 at the start of autumn, and "The Power of Love" by Jennifer Rush, which reached No. 1 by the middle of autumn.
Holly Johnson version
Holly Johnson, former singer of Frankie Goes to Hollywood, recorded his own version of "The Power of Love" for his 1999 album Soulstream. It was released as the third single from the album, reaching number 56 in the UK. The single stayed in the charts for two weeks. A music video was created to promote the single.
The single was released by two separate CD versions, each featuring different tracks, with the second CD featuring "All U Need Is Love (Demo Version)", a demo version of the Soulstream album track.
Track listing
CD Single (CD1)
"The Power of Love" (Radio mix) - 5:08
"In the House of the Rising Sun" (12" definitive mix) - 5:36
"In the House of the Rising Sun" (Doogs House mix) - 5:04
CD Single (CD2)
"The Power of Love" (Millennium mix) - 5:36
"In the House of the Rising Sun (DNA instrumental mix)" - 5:32
"All U Need Is Love" (Demo version) - 4:59
CD Single (Promo)
"The Power of Love (Radio mix)" - 5:08
"The Power of Love (Millennium mix)" - 5:33
"In the House of the Rising Sun" (12" definitive mix) - 5:36
"In the House of the Rising Sun" (Doogs House mix) - 5:04
"In the House of the Rising Sun" (DNA instrumental mix) - 5:30
Remixes and B-sides
"The Power of Love" (Radio mix)
"In the House of the Rising Sun" (12" definitive mix)
"In the House of the Rising Sun" (Doogs House mix)
"The Power of Love" (Millennium mix)
"In the House of the Rising Sun" (DNA instrumental mix)
"All U Need Is Love" (Demo version)
Critical reception
Jon O'Brien of Allmusic reviewed the Soulstream album, and spoke of the song, stating "The William Orbit-esque production of the empowering opener "Lady Luck," and the subtle trip-hop-tinged title track show that Johnson still occasionally had his finger on the pulse. But unnecessary reworkings of 1984 chart-topper "The Power of Love" and the 1994 flop, gay anthem "Legendary Children (All of Them Queer)," only highlight the creative rut he appeared to be stuck in."
Chart performance
Gabrielle Aplin version
In 2012, British singer-songwriter Gabrielle Aplin released a cover version of the song produced by Mike Spencer and David Kosten. It was released on 9 November 2012 as a digital download as the lead single from her debut studio album English Rain (2013). The song was selected as the soundtrack to the John Lewis 2012 Christmas advertisement. The song was also used during an episode of Hollyoaks on 16 November 2012 after the sudden death of one of the show's main characters, and Mary and Francis’s wedding in the TV show, Reign. The song subsequently became popular in Australia in early 2014.
Music video
A music video to accompany the release of "The Power of Love" was first released onto YouTube on 9 November 2012. It shows Aplin in a room in a large house, playing a piano. Then, near the end of the video, fairy lights in the room light up. The video was directed by Alexander Brown.
Track listing
Chart performance
On 11 November 2012 "The Power of Love" entered the UK Singles Chart at number 36, a week later it climbed to number 5. On 9 December 2012 the single reached number 1. Aplin's version was certified gold in the United Kingdom on 11 January 2013.
On 8 December 2013, the song re-charted at number 88 on the UK Singles Chart, due to downloads.
Charts
Certifications
Year-end charts
Release history
Dalton Harris version
In 2018, the Jamaican-British singer Dalton Harris, a contestant and eventual winner of the 15th series of the UK TV talent competition programme The X Factor, released the song as his winning song from the series. The song was in association with and featuring additional vocals by the same series' 9th season winner James Arthur, making it the second time the winning song UK X Factor is promoted as a duet or group performance rather than a solo performance by the winner, after the winners of 2017 when Rak-Su duetted with Wyclef Jean and Naughty Boy for their single entitled "Dimelo".
As in many earlier X Factor-winning releases, VAT collected on sales of the X Factor winner's charity song will be donated to children's charities, Together for Short Lives and Shooting Star Chase, declared the UK Chancellor of the Exchequer, Philip Hammond. The UK Department of Health and Social Care will make the donation of the VAT on the UK government's behalf. This is reportedly The X Factor UK's 11th charity release.
Charts
Other cover versions
The song has been recorded by many other acts. Several Dutch heavy metal artists, including the lead singers of Nightwish, Epica and Within Temptation recorded a cover in support of the Red Cross aiding victims of sexual violence in war-zones.
References
1984 singles
1999 singles
2008 singles
2012 singles
2018 singles
Frankie Goes to Hollywood songs
Il Divo songs
Number-one singles in Iceland
UK Singles Chart number-one singles
Music videos directed by Godley and Creme
Songs written by Holly Johnson
Holly Johnson songs
Gabrielle Aplin songs
Dalton Harris songs
James Arthur songs
Songs written by Peter Gill (FGTH drummer)
Songs written by Mark O'Toole (musician)
1984 songs
Pop ballads
ZTT Records singles
Parlophone singles
Song recordings produced by Trevor Horn
The X Factor (British TV series)
Syco Music singles
1980s ballads |
```smalltalk
using System.Buffers.Binary;
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
namespace SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Png;
/// <summary>
/// Detects png file headers
/// </summary>
public sealed class PngImageFormatDetector : IImageFormatDetector
{
/// <inheritdoc/>
public int HeaderSize => 8;
/// <inheritdoc/>
public bool TryDetectFormat(ReadOnlySpan<byte> header, [NotNullWhen(true)] out IImageFormat? format)
{
format = this.IsSupportedFileFormat(header) ? PngFormat.Instance : null;
return format != null;
}
private bool IsSupportedFileFormat(ReadOnlySpan<byte> header)
{
return header.Length >= this.HeaderSize && BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt64BigEndian(header) == PngConstants.HeaderValue;
}
}
``` |
Ronco Biellese is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Biella in the Italian region Piedmont, located about northeast of Turin and about northwest of Milan.
Ronco Biellese borders the following municipalities: Biella, Pettinengo, Ternengo, Valdengo, Vigliano Biellese, Zumaglia. It was in the past an important centre of terracotta manufacture.
Demographic evolution
See also
Zumaglia Castle
References
\
Cities and towns in Piedmont |
The U.S. Army Sniper Course trains selected military members assigned to sniper positions in the skills necessary to deliver long-range precision fire and the collection of battlefield information. Students will receive training in fieldcraft skills, advanced camouflage techniques, concealed movement, target detection, range estimation, terrain utilization, intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB), relevant reporting procedures, sniper tactics, advanced marksmanship, and staff subjects (intelligence, mission, training, combat orders, command and control, and training management).
History
Although the US Army set up an advanced marksmanship course at Camp Perry, Ohio, the Army had no official sniper course during WWII. Between wars, the USMC sustained limited sniper training but not enough to compete with other countries during WWII.
During the Korean War, Snipers were used during the first recapture of Inchon, Seoul, and the Battle of Chosin. When the war went into its static period in 1951 the Army and Marines as in WW I and WW II were deadly, especially during this static defense period of the war. Fifty (.50) caliber weapons with scopes were also used for sniping purposes by the U.S. The favorite was a M2 .50 caliber machine gun with a target scope attached; due to the weight, this system was not very mobile. Major advances were implemented in sniper tactical mission planning, information gathering, harassing and delaying the enemy. The top sniper of Korea was Sgt Boindot from the U.S. Army with 70 confirmed kills. After the Korean War, the U.S. sniper program was again discontinued.
During 1955–1956, the Army Marksmanship Training Unit operated the first US Army Sniper School at Camp Perry, Ohio. Unfortunately a lack of understanding, and appreciation for the effectiveness and potential that snipers could add to the fight, caused sniper training to be abandoned after this short training period.
In Viet Nam, in July 1968, the US Army began centralized training in-country. The 9th Infantry Division established one of the first in-country Sniper Schools. The course, run by Major Willis Powell, lasted 18 days with the failure rate being 50%. In December 1968, a full complement of seventy-two snipers were ready for action.
The US Army Sniper School was established in 1987, at the Infantry Center at Fort Moore (previously "Fort Benning"), GA, and continues to produce top-notch snipers today. Its continuous existence reflects the longest sniper training course in the history of the US Army and is a testament to the high priority sniper training now enjoys among the Army's leadership. Following the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center buildings, the U.S. military entered into combat operations in Afghanistan under Operation Enduring Freedom. Snipers proved themselves as an invaluable asset due to their ability to engage targets at great distances in a mountainous battlefield.
The first woman has graduated from the US Army’s elite sniper school in 2021.”
Purpose
The term "Scout Sniper" is only used officially by the Marine Corps, but it does not imply a differing mission from the U.S. Army Sniper. An Army Sniper's primary mission is to support combat operations by delivering precise long-range fire on selected targets. By this, the sniper creates casualties among enemy troops, slows enemy movement, frightens enemy soldiers, lowers morale, and adds confusion to their operations. The sniper's secondary mission is collecting and reporting battlefield information, Section 1.1 FM 23-10 Sniper Training.
The Marine Corps is unique in its consolidation of reconnaissance and sniper duties for a single Marine. Most other conventional armed forces, including the U.S. Army, separate the reconnaissance soldier or scout from the sniper. In the U.S. Army, the 19D MOS, "Cavalry Scout" is the primary special reconnaissance and surveillance soldier and the term "Infantry Scout" refers to a specially trained infantrymen that functions in a reconnaissance and surveillance capacity, while "Sniper" refers to a specially selected and trained soldier that primarily functions as a sniper. Most military forces believe that the separation of reconnaissance and sniper capabilities allows for a higher degree of specialization.
More than 300 Soldiers each year begin the seven-week U.S. Army Sniper School at Fort Moore, Georgia, but only the best of those will make it through the course to graduation. Army snipers face demanding missions and often operate with little or no support, and the training at Fort Moore tests their ability to work in isolation and under pressure.
The Army Sniper Course trains selected individuals in the skills necessary to deliver long range precision fire and the collection of battlefield information. During the 7 week course, Soldiers will receive training in the application of fieldcraft; advanced camouflage techniques, concealed movement, target detection, range estimation, and terrain utilization (Macro and Micro), intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB), relevant reporting procedures, sniper tactics, advanced marksmanship; known and unknown distance firing, at stationary and moving targets during daylight and limited visibility in varying weather conditions, and staff subjects (intelligence, mission, training, combat orders, command and control, and training management) to ensure mission accomplishment without compromise in accordance with the supported unit Commanders intent in all operational venues.
The US Army's Maneuver Center of Excellence has released an updated Training Circular 3-22.10, Sniper, dated December 2017. The sniper training circular has been completely revised and updated in various topics to include; sniper planning, employment, field craft, marksmanship, ballistic programs, and complex engagements. The intent of this training circular was to create uniformity within the sniper community, and to align sniper training and employment with current U.S. Army doctrine.
In 2018, the United States Army Sniper Course changed their course Program of Instruction (POI) to focus on how the sniper can be utilized in large scale, ground combat warfare. After a course revision, the cadre and leadership concluded that Army snipers need to focus on acting as sensors, communicators and human weapons systems, supporting enhanced multi-domain command and control from the ground in anti-access/area denial environments.
Notable Army Snipers
U.S. Army Staff Sergeant Jim Gilliland – Previously held the record for the longest recorded confirmed kill with a 7.62×51mm NATO rifle at with a M24, while engaging an Iraqi insurgent sniper in Ramadi, Iraq on 27 September 2005.
U.S. Army SGT Christopher Dale Abbott: As part of a U.S. Army Counter IED team (CIEDT) in Iraq in 2007–2008, he recorded 22 confirmed kills with an M24 7.62×51mm NATO rifle for a period of only 7 months before being injured and sent out of theater. He and his team were tasked with seeking out insurgents placing IEDs along frequently used Main Supply Routes and Alternate Supply Routes.
U.S. Army Staff Sergeant Timothy L. Kellner – regarded as one of the top snipers in the U.S. Army history, with 139 confirmed kills during the Iraq War.
U.S. Army Staff Sergeant Justin Morales – As part of the U.S. Army CIST (Counter Insurgent Sniper Team) in Iraq, he recorded 27 confirmed kills with an M24 7.62×51mm NATO rifle. From 2005 to 2006, Morales and his team in Balad, Iraq were tasked with seeking out insurgents placing IEDs along Main Supply Routes and Alternate Supply Routes.
Adelbert F. Waldron III (Vietnam War) – achieved 109 confirmed kills.
Master Sgt. Gary Gordon and Sgt. First Class Randy Shughart (Somalia: Operation Gothic Serpent) – were Delta Force snipers who were awarded the Medal of Honor for their fatal attempt to protect the injured crew of a downed helicopter during the Battle of Mogadishu. This action was later dramatized in the film Black Hawk Down.
Other schools
After graduating the basic course, US Army Snipers are given the opportunity to obtain a variety of other courses to further refine their skills.
Urban Snipers
High Angle (Mountain) Snipers
Snipers Team leader course (U.S. Marine Corps)
Foreign Forces Snipers Schools
British Royal Marine Snipers School
Israeli Foreign Forces Snipers School
See also
United States Marine Corps Scout Sniper
Sniper
Designated marksman
Marksman
Scout
Related military roles
Jäger (military)
Skirmisher
Marksmanship badges (United States)
Hog's tooth
Intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance
Related military operations
Operation Foxley – plan to kill Adolf Hitler using a sniper
Sniper Alley
Snipers of the Soviet Union
Special forces
Related military weapons
Anti-materiel rifle
Anti-tank rifle
Sniper rifle
References
External links
United States Army Sniper School
Army Sniper School at About.com.
Sniper students make the grade – The Bayonet
Snipers Bring School to Iraqi Desert – DefenseLink
Sniper warfare
United States Army schools
Sniper Course |
Jonathan Garland Dickerson (November 5, 1811 – September 1, 1878), of Belfast, Maine, was a justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court from October 24, 1862, to September 1, 1878.
Born in Manchester, New Hampshire, Dickerson received a B.A. from Waterville College (now Colby College) in 1836, and a M.A. from the same institution in 1839, and taught in Bath, Maine, while reading law to gain admission to the bar, also in 1839. A resident of West Prospect now Searsport, Dickerson served in the Maine House of Representatives in 1842, and later as Waldo County Attorney. On October 24, 1862, Governor Israel Washburn Jr. appointed Dickerson to a seat as an associate justice of the state supreme court, where he served thereafter until his death.
References
1811 births
1878 deaths
Justices of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court
Colby College alumni
U.S. state supreme court judges admitted to the practice of law by reading law
Members of the Maine House of Representatives
People from Searsport, Maine
People from Belfast, Maine
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American judges |
Charlecote is a small village and civil parish south of Warwick, on the River Avon, in the Stratford-on-Avon district, in the county of Warwickshire, England. In 2011 the parish had a population of 194. The parish touches Wasperton, Newbold Pacey, Wellesbourne and Walton, Stratford-upon-Avon, Loxley and Hampton Lucy. Most of the village is a conservation area. The soil is rich loam and lies on gravel and sand.
Features
There are 39 listed buildings in Charlecote. Charlecote has a village hall, a 16th-century park called Charlecote Park and a church called St Leonard's Church which was entirely rebuilt
in 1851. There are earthworks of a deserted medieval village called "Charlecote" in Charlecote Park. There was also possibly another deserted medieval village in the parish called Hunscote. The site of Thelsford Priory is in the parish.
History
The name "Charlecote" means "Free peasants' cottage(s)". Charlecote was recorded in the Domesday Book as Cerlecote. On the 25th of March 1886 a part of Wellesbourne Mountford parish was transferred to the parish. "Charle Cot" is an alternative name from historical writing for "Charlecote", and "Charlcote" is an alternative name for the parish unit.
References
External links
Villages in Warwickshire
Civil parishes in Warwickshire
Stratford-on-Avon District |
SS Winifred was a cargo and passenger Lake Victoria ferry in East Africa.
The Uganda Railway had begun shipping operations on the lake in 1901 with the launch of the 110 ton , built by Bow, McLachlan and Company of Paisley in Renfrewshire, Scotland. She was a small general purpose vessel but the company wished to establish more substantial ferry operations. Accordingly, even before William Mackinnon was launched the company ordered the much larger Winifred and her sister ship SS Sybil from the same builder.
Bow, McLachlan built Winifred and Sybil in 1901. They were "knock down" vessels; that is, each was bolted together in the shipyard at Paisley, all the parts marked with numbers, disassembled into many hundreds of parts and transported in kit form by sea to Kenya for reassembly. Winifred was launched on the lake in 1902 and Sybil in 1903.
In the First World War East African Campaign Winifred and Sybil were armed as gunboats. After the Armistice they returned to civilian service. By now the company had three larger ferries: the 1,134 ton (1907) and 1,300 ton sister ships and (both 1913), which therefore worked the busiest routes. However, on occasion Winifred or Sybil substituted for a larger ship, as for example in 1924 when Clement Hill was drydocked and Winifred temporarily took over its route between Kenya and Uganda.
Later Winifred was found to be unseaworthy. In 1936 Kenya and Uganda Railways and Harbours scuttled her to form a breakwater off Luamba Island. Her remains were scrapped in 1954.
References
1901 ships
Ships built on the River Clyde
Lake Victoria
Ships sunk as breakwaters |
Reddington may refer to:
People
Daryll Reddington (born 1972), former New Zealand cricketer
Karen Reddington-Hughes, American politician from Connecticut
Ian Reddington (born 1957), English actor
Helen Reddington (born late 1950s), British academic, writer, musician and singer-songwriter
Tony Reddin (1919–2015), Irish former sportsperson born Martin Charles Reddington
Stuart Reddington (born 1978), English former professional footballer who played as a defender
Given name
William Redington Hewlett (1913–2001), American co-founder of the Hewlett-Packard Company
Places
Reddington, Indiana, an unincorporated town in Redding Township
See also
Redding (disambiguation)
Redding (surname)
Redington (disambiguation)
Reding (disambiguation)
Reddin
Redden (disambiguation)
Reading (disambiguation) |
In 1969, the United States Supreme Court ruled in Stanley v. Georgia that people could view whatever they wished in the privacy of their own homes. In response, the United States Congress funded the President's Commission on Obscenity and Pornography, set up by President Lyndon B. Johnson to study pornography.
Aims
The Commission was established to study and report on:
"Constitutional and definitional problems related to obscenity controls."
"Traffic in and distribution of obscene and pornographic materials."
"The effects of such material, particularly on youth, and their relationship to crime and other antisocial conduct."
Composition
Initially, the Commission consisted of Edward E. Elson, Thomas D. Gill, Edward D. Greenwood, Reverend Morton A. Hill, S.J., G. William Jones, Joseph T. Klapper, Otto N. Larsen, Rabbi Irving Lehrman, Freeman Lewis, Reverend Winfrey C. Link, Morris A. Lipton, William B. Lockhart (chair), Thomas C. Lynch, Barbara Scott, Cathryn A. Speits, Frederick Herbert Wagman, Kenneth Keating and Marvin Wolfgang.
Subsequently, K. Keating was replaced with Charles Keating, Jr, by President Richard Nixon.
Wm. Cody Wilson served as Executive Director of the Commission, directing both surveys of existing research and original empirical esearch on the subject.
Studies undertaken
The Commission commissioned Berl Kutchinsky to perform a scientific study on the subject. His report, titled Studies on Pornography and Sex Crimes in Denmark (1970), found that legalizing pornography in Denmark had not (as had been expected) resulted in an increase of sex crimes.
Findings
The Commission's report, called Report of the Commission on Obscenity and Pornography, and published in 1970, recommended sex education, funding of research into the effects of pornography and restriction of children's access to pornography, and recommended against any restrictions for adults. On balance the report found that obscenity and pornography were not important social problems, that there was no evidence that exposure to such material was harmful to individuals, and that current legal and policy initiatives were more likely to create problems than solve them.
The report was widely criticized and rejected by Congress. The Senate rejected the Commission's findings and recommendations by a 60–5 vote, with 34 abstentions. The Senate rejected the following findings and recommendations in particular:
That there was "no evidence to date that exposure to explicit sexual materials plays a significant role in the causation of delinquent or criminal behavior among youths or adults."
That "a majority of American adults believe that adults should be allowed to read or see any sexual materials they wish."
That "there is no reason to suppose that elimination of governmental prohibitions upon the sexual materials which may be made available to adults would adversely affect the availability to the public of other books, magazines, or films."
That there was no "evidence that exposure to explicit sexual materials adversely affects character or moral attitudes regarding sex and sexual conduct."
That "Federal, State, and Local legislation prohibiting the sale, exhibition, or distribution of sexual materials to consenting adults should be repealed."
President Nixon, who had succeeded Johnson in 1969, also emphatically rejected the report.
Aftermath
In 1970, Earl Kemp published an illustrated edition of the Presidential Report of the Commission on Obscenity and Pornography through a publishing company owned by William Hamling called Greenleaf Classics.
The 1969 President's Commission on Obscenity and Pornography issued its un-illustrated 656-page report on September 30, 1970. One month later, the report went on sale at the Government Printing Office. On November 11, 1970, copies of publisher William Hamling's Greenleaf Classics’ 352-page The Illustrated Presidential Report of the Commission on Obscenity and Pornography were printed, and two weeks later, on Monday, December 13, 1970, went on sale throughout the U.S. for $12.50.
Kemp and Hamling were eventually sentenced to prison for "conspiracy to mail obscene material," but both served only the federal minimum.
Hamling received a four-year regular adult sentence. Earl Kemp received a sentence of three years and one day. The report as published by Greenleaf was not found to be obscene. Nonetheless, on the other hand the brochure was found to be clearly obscene by the jury. Of some note, Earl Kemp was in Europe at the time Hamling created and mailed the ad brochure.
See also
Effects of pornography
Meese Report, 1986 U.S. Attorney General's Commission on Pornography
Stanley v. Georgia, U.S. Supreme Court case that established a right to pornography
Williams Committee, 1979 U.K. Committee on Obscenity and Film Censorship
References
Sources
Primary
Citations
External links
D. M. Edwards Politics and Pornography: A Comparison of the Findings of the President's Commission and the Meese Commission and the Resulting Response 1992
United States pornography law
Politics of the United States by issue
Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson
Obscenity and Pornography, President's Commission on |
Edward Scicluna (born October 12, 1946 in Rabat, Malta) is a Maltese economist and politician. Scicluna assumed the position of Governor of the Central Bank of Malta as from 1st January 2021 for a five-year term.
Biography
Education and private life
Scicluna holds a Diploma in social studies from the Plater College, Oxford (1972) and degrees in economics from the University of Malta (BA, 1975) and the University of Toronto (MA, 1976, and PhD, 1982). Between 1981 and 1990 he was professor and head of the Department of Economics at the University of Malta where he still holds a lectureship post.
Scicluna is married with two children.
Professional career
Scicluna has held a number of posts in the public and private sector. He served as Chairman of the Malta Council of Economic and Social Development (MCESD) (1999–2003) and of the Malta Financial Services Authority (MFSA) (1997–99), an Electoral Commissioner (1987–93), a Director of the Central Bank of Malta (1996–2003) and a member of Malta's National Euro Change-over Committee (NECC) (2005–2008). He was often selected by the Malta Broadcasting Authority to chair broadcast political debates. In the private sector he was Chairman of the HSBC Malta Bond Fund (since 2002) and of CWG plc and director of MIB Ltd.
Internationally he served on the Council of Europe's Development Bank Auditing Committee (1997–2000) and carried out consultancy and advisory work for the European Commission (particularly on the single currency), UNESCO, the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) (1987–97), the IMF delegation, the governments of Albania, Croatia, Libya and Turkey and a number of credit rating agencies.
European Stability Mechanism (ESM), Member of the Board of Governors
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors
International Monetary Fund (IMF), Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors
Political career
Member of the European Parliament, 2009–2013
Scicluna joined the Labour Party in 2009 and was elected MEP at the 2009 European Parliament election in Malta. He was appointed Vice-Chairman of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs, member of the delegation to the ACP–EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly and substitute member on the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety and the delegation for relations with the countries of Southeast Asia and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
Minister of Finance, 2013–2020
Scicluna was then elected MP for the Labour Party at the 2013 Maltese general election. On 13 March 2013 he was appointed Finance Minister in the new Labour government of PM Joseph Muscat.
Scicluna, along with then-Health Minister Konrad Mizzi and Chris Cardona, is subject of a magisterial inquiry over the deal with Vitals Global Healthcare.
Governor of Malta's Central Bank
Scicluna assumed the position of Governor of the Central Bank of Malta as from 1st January 2021 for a five-year term.
References
External links
1946 births
Labour Party (Malta) MEPs
Living people
Maltese Roman Catholics
MEPs for Malta 2009–2014
People from Rabat
Finance Ministers of Malta
21st-century Maltese politicians
Governors of the Central Bank of Malta |
```xml
/*
*
* This source code is licensed under the MIT license which is detailed in the LICENSE.txt file.
*/
const TRIM_REGEX = />\s*</gm;
/**
* Trim whitespace from between tags in a HTML template string.
* @param inputString the template string to trim
* @return The newly trimed string.
*/
export function trimBetweenTags(inputString: string): string {
return inputString.replace(TRIM_REGEX, "><");
}
``` |
Batanagar Flyover (; also known as Sampriti Flyover) is a flyover in the southern suburbs of Kolkata. The two-lane flyover is and wide. The flyover connects Batanagar with Jinjira Bazaar. The Sampriti flyover is the first in the city to be built on PPP mode. The centre has given 35 percent of the cost since this is a Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission project and the rest has been borne by the consortium of RiverBank Holdings and its joint venture partner L&T Dabriwala.
History
The Budge Budge Trunk Road connecting Batanagar and Budge Budge with Taratala is narrower than required, so traffic jam was a normal feature of the road. To solve this problem the conception of constructing Batanagar Flyover rose. Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee announced the construction of the Batanagar Flyover in the 2014.
After this the construction of this flyover began. After receiving the tender for the construction of the flyover, the L&T Company is engaged in the construction of the flyover. Its construction cost is estimated at 255 crore. Of which, 86.8 crore will be given by the central government and the rest by the construction company. In October 2018, the construction of the flyover was completed. However, the total cost of construction of the flyover is 355 crore.
Mamata Banerjee inaugurated the flyover on 11 January 2019.
Importance
This flyover will benefit around 10 lakh people who commute daily along this route from Pujali, Budge Budge, Maheshtala and Asuti gram panchayat. It will also help those residing in housing projects like Batanagar Riverside Township, Eden City, Greenfield City and Purti.
Problem
West Bengal's longest flyover, which connects Jinjira Bazar to Batanagar across Maheshtala in the southern part of the city, has developed cracks barely a year since it was opened to traffic, a senior official of the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA)said. The cracks were detected on pillars 121 and 122 of the 7 km-long Sampriti (Harmony) flyover on during an inspection and vehicular movement on it was stopped soon afterwards.
References
Bridges in Kolkata
Bridges completed in 2018
2018 establishments in West Bengal |
War Game is a 1959 short story by American writer Philip K. Dick. It was first published in the magazine Galaxy Science Fiction, in December 1959, and has since been re-published in two anthologies and at least twenty-four collections.
Plot summary
The Ganymedans are considering war with Earth. A group of Earth toy safety inspectors examine three new toys from Ganymede to discover if they should be allowed to be imported: A toy soldier game where 12 soldiers attack a citadel, a virtual reality suit, and Syndrome, a Monopoly-like board game.
The inspectors determine that the citadel is absorbing the soldiers one by one for an unknown purpose, and fear that the game may secretly be an atomic bomb building to critical mass. The suit is so realistic that an inspector finds returning to reality difficult; with enough time a child would find doing so impossible. They play the board game while waiting with a bomb disposal expert for the last soldier to disappear, but find that the citadel is actually a therapeutic tool to build confidence in children. They nonetheless decide, out of caution, to only allow the board game for import.
A children's store employee brings home a copy of Syndrome to his family. He accumulates the most holdings but learns from his children that he has lost; the purpose, according to the instructions, is to give up as much stock and money as possible. The story concludes with the children, who are unfamiliar with Monopoly, "learning the naturalness of surrendering their holdings"; one says "It's the best educational toy you ever brought home, Dad!"
External links
"War Game" at the Internet Archive
References
1959 short stories
American science fiction short stories
Short stories by Philip K. Dick |
The Awanui River is a river in the far north of New Zealand, close to the point at which the Aupouri Peninsula joins the rest of the Northland Peninsula. The Awanui flows first west and then north, for a total of , before flowing into Rangaunu Harbour. The town of Kaitaia is along its banks.
The four major upstream rivers which discharge into the Awanui River are the Takahue River, Victoria River, Karemuhako Stream, and Tarawhaturoa Stream.
The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "large river" for Awanui.
History
The Awanui River was extensively dredged for navigation until 1960, with a busy river port at Awanui exporting butter via coastal scows to Auckland, for trans-shipping to the UK. Upstream of Awanui it was dredged, and in places straightened, for flood control. Regular cargo scows included the Coronation, Tiri and Kapuni. Because of their shallow draught these scows were often assisted around the river bends by the work launch Ann, piloted by Harbourmaster Thomas George (Tom) Walker and later by his son Thomas Frederick (Larry) Walker. This family also operated the marine radio station ZLNF Awanui Radio, located at Unahi near the mouth of the river.
Thomas Frederick Walker died in 1987 and the Harbour Master's position was taken on by his son, Thomas Christopher Walker who still holds this position as of 2016. The position has been held by the Walker family for over 100 years.
Flood hazard
Flooding poses a threat in the lower Awanui Catchment due to the low lying topography. The risk of flooding is particularly notable in the towns of Kaitaia and Awanui. Northland Regional Council monitors the Awanui River levels, as well as planning and implementing flood protection works.
Water quality and ecology
The water quality of the river is monitored by Northland Regional Council, and the environmental information can be viewed on the LAWA website.
Municipal water supply
The town of Kaitaia extracts water from the Awanui River.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Land Information New Zealand - Search for Place Names
External links
Awanui River webcam, Northland Regional Council
Awanui River flood management scheme, Northland Regional Council
Awanui River, Land Air Water Aotearoa
Awanui River historic images, National Library of New Zealand
Far North District
Rivers of the Northland Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
Butter dock is an ambiguous term for certain plants, based on a misunderstanding of other common names of these. It can mean:
Petasites hybridus, where it is derived from "Butterfly Dock".
Rumex obtusifolius, where it may be derived from "Bitter Dock" but is also associated with the historic use of broad-leaf dock to wrap and preserve butter. |
Judith Anne Hannan (née Irvine) is an Australian politician. She was elected a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly representing Wollondilly as an Independent in 2023.
Political career
She was the unsuccessful Liberal candidate in the 2001 Auburn state by-election. She then unsuccessfully contested Granville at the 2003 New South Wales state election.
In the 2011 New South Wales state election, Hannan contested Wollondilly for the Hatton's Independent Team but came in third place.
Prior to the 2019 New South Wales state election, she had been courted as a possible Liberal candidate by then-Premier Gladys Berejiklian. Nathaniel Smith was selected as the Liberal candidate for Wollondilly instead. Hannan ran as an independent against Smith, achieving 44.5% of the two-party preferred vote. In the 2023 election, she ran again as an independent and was supported by the teal-aligned Climate 200.
References
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Australian politicians
21st-century Australian women politicians
Independent members of the Parliament of New South Wales
Independent politicians in Australia
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
Women members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly |
The Zimbabwe women's national field hockey team is the national women's team representing Zimbabwe in field hockey.
It won the gold medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR, the first female Olympic tournament. Zimbabwe also won the inaugural Hockey African Cup for Nations they hosted in 1990, followed by a silver medal in 1994 and a bronze in 1998.
Tournament record
Summer Olympics
1980 –
Africa Cup of Nations
1990 –
1994 –
1998 –
2022 – 4th
African Games
1995 –
1999 –
2003 – 5th
2023 - Qualified
African Olympic Qualifier
2007 – 5th
2011 – 4th
2015 – 5th
2019 –
FIH Hockey Series
2018–19 – First round
See also
Zimbabwe men's national field hockey team
References
African women's national field hockey teams
National |
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