text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
```python
from chapter_04.binary_search_tree import BinarySearchTree
from chapter_04.binary_tree import BinaryTree
def is_binary_search_tree(tree):
return _is_bst(tree.root)
def _is_bst(node, min_val=None, max_val=None):
if not node:
return True
if (min_val and node.key < min_val) or (max_val and node.key >= max_val):
return False
return _is_bst(node.left, min_val, node.key) and _is_bst(
node.right, node.key, max_val
)
def test_is_binary_search_tree():
bst = BinarySearchTree()
bst.insert(20)
bst.insert(9)
bst.insert(25)
bst.insert(5)
bst.insert(12)
bst.insert(11)
bst.insert(14)
t = BinaryTree()
n1 = t.insert(5, None)
n2 = t.insert(4, n1)
n3 = t.insert(6, n1)
n4 = t.insert(3, n2)
t.insert(6, n2)
t.insert(5, n3)
t.insert(2, n4)
assert not is_binary_search_tree(t)
assert is_binary_search_tree(bst)
``` |
```javascript
'use strict';
const common = require('../common');
const bench = common.createBenchmark(main, {
n: [1e5],
});
function main({ n }) {
bench.start();
for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
// Access every item in object to process values.
Object.keys(process.env);
}
bench.end(n);
}
``` |
Ted Linley may refer to:
Ted Linley (footballer),
E. W. (Ted) Linley, a Canadian politician in Huron Shores, Ontario. |
Elme de Villiers (born 11 March 1993) is a South African female badminton player.
Career
She started playing badminton at aged 10 in Hennenman, South Africa. In 2013, she was selected among the 14 best African players to be a member of the Road to Rio Program organised by the BWF and Badminton Confederation of Africa, to provide financial and technical support to African players and the lead-up to the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro. She won bronze medal at the 2013 African Badminton Championships in women's doubles event with her partner Sandra Le Grange.
Achievements
African Badminton Championships
Women's Doubles
BWF International Challenge/Series (6 titles, 5 runners-up)
Women's Singles
Women's Doubles
Mixed Doubles
BWF International Challenge tournament
BWF International Series tournament
BWF Future Series tournament
References
External links
1993 births
Living people
People from Kroonstad
South African female badminton players
Badminton players at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games competitors for South Africa
Competitors at the 2015 African Games
African Games silver medalists for South Africa
African Games medalists in badminton
21st-century South African women |
Reverse costing describes the process of disassembling (reverse engineering) a device to identify manufacturing technology and calculate its manufacturing costs through a cost analysis of its parts and the effort required to assemble them.
References
Costs |
```yaml
category: Network Security
sectionOrder:
- Connect
- Collect
commonfields:
id: Azure Network Security Groups
version: -1
configuration:
- defaultvalue: d4736600-e3d5-4c97-8e65-57abd2b979fe
display: Application ID
name: app_id
type: 0
section: Connect
- display: Default Subscription ID
name: subscription_id
required: true
type: 0
section: Connect
additionalinfo: There are two options to set the specified value, either in the configuration or directly within the commands. However, setting values in both places will cause an override by the command value.
- display: Default Resource Group Name
name: resource_group_name
required: true
type: 0
section: Connect
additionalinfo: There are two options to set the specified value, either in the configuration or directly within the commands. However, setting values in both places will cause an override by the command value.
- defaultvalue: path_to_url
display: Azure AD endpoint
name: azure_ad_endpoint
options:
- path_to_url
- path_to_url
- path_to_url
- path_to_url
type: 15
additionalinfo: Azure AD endpoint associated with a national cloud.
section: Connect
advanced: true
required: false
- display: Trust any certificate (not secure)
name: insecure
type: 8
section: Connect
advanced: true
required: false
- display: Use system proxy settings
name: proxy
type: 8
section: Connect
advanced: true
required: false
- name: auth_type
display: Authentication Type
required: true
defaultvalue: Device Code
type: 15
additionalinfo: Type of authentication - can be Authorization Code Flow (recommended), Device Code Flow or Azure Managed Identities.
options:
- Authorization Code
- Client Credentials
- Device Code
- Azure Managed Identities
section: Connect
- name: tenant_id
display: Tenant ID
defaultvalue:
type: 0
additionalinfo: ""
section: Connect
required: false
- name: credentials
display: Client Secret
defaultvalue:
type: 9
additionalinfo: ""
displaypassword: Client Secret
hiddenusername: true
section: Connect
required: false
- name: redirect_uri
display: Application redirect URI
defaultvalue:
type: 0
additionalinfo: ""
section: Connect
advanced: true
required: false
- name: auth_code
display: Authorization code
defaultvalue:
type: 9
additionalinfo: For user-auth mode - received from the authorization step. See Detailed Instructions (?) section.
displaypassword: Authorization code
hiddenusername: true
section: Connect
advanced: true
required: false
- additionalinfo: The Managed Identities client ID for authentication - relevant only if the integration is running on Azure VM.
displaypassword: Azure Managed Identities Client ID
name: managed_identities_client_id
hiddenusername: true
type: 9
section: Connect
required: false
description: Azure network security groups are used to filter network traffic to and from Azure resources in an Azure virtual network.
display: Azure Network Security Groups
name: Azure Network Security Groups
script:
commands:
- description: List all network security groups.
name: azure-nsg-security-groups-list
outputs:
- contextPath: AzureNSG.SecurityGroup.name
description: The security group's name.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.SecurityGroup.id
description: The security group's ID.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.SecurityGroup.etag
description: The security group's ETag.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.SecurityGroup.type
description: The security group's type.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.SecurityGroup.location
description: The security group's location.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.SecurityGroup.tags
description: The security group's tags.
type: String
arguments:
- default: false
name: subscription_id
description: "The subscription ID. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Subscription ID'."
type: String
isArray: false
required: false
- default: false
name: resource_group_name
description: "The resource group name. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Resource Group Name'."
type: String
isArray: false
required: false
- arguments:
- description: "The subscription ID. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Subscription ID'."
isArray: false
name: subscription_id
required: false
default: false
type: String
- description: "The resource group name. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Resource Group Name'."
name: resource_group_name
default: false
type: String
isArray: false
required: false
- description: A comma-separated list of the names of the security groups.
name: security_group_name
default: false
isArray: true
required: true
- defaultValue: '50'
description: The maximum number of rules to display.
name: limit
required: false
secret: false
- default: false
defaultValue: '1'
description: The index of the first rule to display. Used for pagination.
name: offset
description: List all rules of the specified security groups.
name: azure-nsg-security-rules-list
outputs:
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.name
description: The rule's name.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.id
description: The rule's ID.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.etag
description: The rule's ETag.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.type
description: The rule's type.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.provisioningState
description: The rule's provisioning state.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.protocol
description: The protocol. Can be "TCP", "UDP", "ICMP", or "*"".
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourcePortRange
description: For a single port, the source port or range of ports. Note that for multiple ports, `sourcePortRanges` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourcePortRanges
description: For multiple ports, a list of source ports. Note that for single ports, `sourcePortRange` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationPortRange
description: For a single port, the destination port or range of ports. Note that for multiple ports, `destinationPortRanges` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationPortRanges
description: For multiple ports, a list of destination ports. Note that for single ports, `destinationPortRange` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourceAddressPrefix
description: The source address.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationAddressPrefix
description: The destination address.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.access
description: The rule's access. Can be either "Allow" or "Deny".
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.priority
description: The rule's priority. Can be from 100 to 4096.
type: Number
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.direction
description: The rule's direction. Can be either "Inbound" or "Outbound".
type: String
- description: Tests the connectivity to the Azure Network Security Groups.
name: azure-nsg-auth-test
- arguments:
- description: "The subscription ID. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Subscription ID'."
name: subscription_id
required: false
default: false
type: String
isArray: false
- description: "The name of the resource group. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Resource Group Name'."
name: resource_group_name
required: false
default: false
type: String
isArray: false
- default: false
description: The name of the security group.
isArray: false
name: security_group_name
required: true
- description: The name of the rule to be deleted.
name: security_rule_name
required: true
description: Delete a security rule.
name: azure-nsg-security-rule-delete
- arguments:
- description: "The subscription ID. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Subscription ID'."
name: subscription_id
required: false
default: false
type: String
isArray: false
- description: "The name of the resource group. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Resource Group Name'."
name: resource_group_name
required: false
default: false
type: String
isArray: false
- description: 'The name of the security group.'
name: security_group_name
required: true
default: false
isArray: false
- description: 'The name of the rule to be created.'
name: security_rule_name
required: true
- auto: PREDEFINED
description: 'The direction of the rule. Possible values are: "Inbound" and "Outbound".'
name: direction
predefined:
- Inbound
- Outbound
required: true
- description: 'Whether to allow the traffic. Possible values are: "Allow" and "Deny".'
name: action
auto: PREDEFINED
predefined:
- Allow
- Deny
- description: 'The protocol on which to apply the rule. Possible values are: "Any", "TCP", "UDP" and "ICMP".'
name: protocol
auto: PREDEFINED
predefined:
- Any
- TCP
- UDP
- ICMP
- description: The source IP address range from which incoming traffic will be allowed or denied by this rule. Possible values are "Any", an IP address range, an application security group, or a default tag. Default is "Any".
name: source
- description: The priority by which the rules will be processed. The lower the number, the higher the priority. We recommend leaving gaps between rules - 100, 200, 300, etc. - so that it is easier to add new rules without having to edit existing rules. Default is "4096".
name: priority
- description: The source ports from which traffic will be allowed or denied by this rule. Provide a single port, such as 80; a port range, such as 1024-65535; or a comma-separated list of single ports and/or port ranges, such as 80,1024-65535. Use an asterisk (*) to allow traffic on any port. Default is "*".
name: source_ports
- description: The specific destination IP address range for outgoing traffic that will be allowed or denied by this rule. The destination filter can be "Any", an IP address range, an application security group, or a default tag.
name: destination
- description: The destination ports for which traffic will be allowed or denied by this rule. Provide a single port, such as 80; a port range, such as 1024-65535; or a comma-separated list of single ports and/or port ranges, such as 80,1024-65535. Use an asterisk (*) to allow traffic on any port.
name: destination_ports
- description: A description to add to the rule.
name: description
description: Create a security rule.
name: azure-nsg-security-rule-create
outputs:
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.name
description: The rule's name.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.id
description: The rule's ID.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.etag
description: The rule's ETag.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.type
description: The rule's type.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.provisioningState
description: The rule's provisioning state.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.protocol
description: The protocol. Can be "TCP", "UDP", "ICMP", or "*".
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourcePortRange
description: For a single port, the source port or a range of ports. Note that for multiple ports, `sourcePortRanges` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourcePortRanges
description: For multiple ports, a list of these ports. Note that for single ports, `sourcePortRange` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationPortRange
description: For a single port, the destination port or range of ports. Note that for multiple ports, `destinationPortRanges` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationPortRanges
description: For multiple ports, a list of destination ports. Note that for single ports, `destinationPortRange` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourceAddressPrefix
description: The source address.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationAddressPrefix
description: The destination address.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.access
description: The rule's access. Can be "Allow" or "Deny".
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.priority
description: The rule's priority. Can be from 100 to 4096.
type: Number
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.direction
description: The rule's direction. Can be "Inbound" or "Outbound".
type: String
- arguments:
- description: "The subscription ID. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Subscription ID'."
name: subscription_id
required: false
default: false
type: String
isArray: false
- description: "The name of the resource group. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Resource Group Name'."
name: resource_group_name
required: false
default: false
type: String
isArray: false
- description: 'The name of the security group.'
name: security_group_name
default: false
isArray: false
required: true
- description: The name of the rule to be updated.
name: security_rule_name
required: true
- auto: PREDEFINED
description: 'The direction of the rule. Possible values are: "Inbound" and "Outbound".'
name: direction
predefined:
- Inbound
- Outbound
- description: Whether to allow the traffic. Possible values are "Allow" and "Deny".
name: action
auto: PREDEFINED
predefined:
- Allow
- Deny
- description: 'The protocol on which to apply the rule. Possible values are: "Any", "TCP", "UDP", and "ICMP".'
name: protocol
auto: PREDEFINED
predefined:
- Any
- TCP
- UDP
- ICMP
- description: The source IP address range from which incoming traffic will be allowed or denied by this rule. Possible values are "Any", an IP address range, an application security group, or a default tag. Default is "Any".
name: source
- description: The priority by which the rules will be processed. The lower the number, the higher the priority. We recommend leaving gaps between rules - 100, 200, 300, etc. - so that it is easier to add new rules without having to edit existing rules. Default is "4096".
name: priority
- description: The source ports from which traffic will be allowed or denied by this rule. Provide a single port, such as 80; a port range, such as 1024-65535; or a comma-separated list of single ports and/or port ranges, such as 80,1024-65535. Use an asterisk (*) to allow traffic on any port. Default is "*".
name: source_ports
- description: The specific destination IP address range for outgoing traffic that will be allowed or denied by this rule. The destination filter can be "Any", an IP address range, an application security group, or a default tag.
name: destination
- description: The destination ports for which traffic will be allowed or denied by this rule. Provide a single port, such as 80; a port range, such as 1024-65535; or a comma-separated list of single ports and/or port ranges, such as 80,1024-65535. Use an asterisk (*) to allow traffic on any port.
name: destination_ports
- description: A description to add to the rule.
name: description
description: Update a security rule. If one does not exist, it will be created.
name: azure-nsg-security-rule-update
outputs:
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.name
description: The rule's name.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.id
description: The rule's ID.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.etag
description: The rule's ETag.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.type
description: The rule's type.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.provisioningState
description: The rule's provisioning state.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.protocol
description: The protocol. Can be "TCP", "UDP", "ICMP", "*".
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourcePortRange
description: For a single port, the source port or a range of ports. Note that for multiple ports, `sourcePortRanges` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourcePortRanges
description: For multiple ports, a list of these ports. Note that for single ports, `sourcePortRange` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationPortRange
description: For a single port, the destination port or range of ports. Note that for multiple ports, `destinationPortRanges` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationPortRanges
description: For multiple ports, a list of destination ports. Note that for single ports, `destinationPortRange` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourceAddressPrefix
description: The source address.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationAddressPrefix
description: The destination address.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.access
description: The rule's access. Can be "Allow" or "Deny".
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.priority
description: The rule's priority. Can be from 100 to 4096.
type: Number
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.direction
description: The rule's direction. Can be "Inbound" or "Outbound".
type: String
- arguments:
- description: "The subscription ID. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Subscription ID'."
name: subscription_id
default: false
type: String
isArray: false
required: false
- description: "The name of the resource group. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Resource Group Name'."
isArray: false
name: resource_group_name
default: false
type: String
required: false
- default: false
description: The name of the security group.
isArray: false
name: security_group_name
- description: A comma-separated list of the names of the rules to get.
isArray: true
name: security_rule_name
description: Get a specific rule.
name: azure-nsg-security-rule-get
outputs:
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.name
description: The rule's name.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.id
description: The rule's ID.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.etag
description: The rule's ETag.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.type
description: The rule's type.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.provisioningState
description: The rule's provisioning state.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.protocol
description: The protocol. Can be "TCP", "UDP", "ICMP", "*".
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourcePortRange
description: For a single port, the source port or a range of ports. Note that for multiple ports, `sourcePortRanges` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourcePortRanges
description: For multiple ports, a list of these ports. Note that for single ports, `sourcePortRange` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationPortRange
description: For a single port, the destination port or range of ports. Note that for multiple ports, `destinationPortRanges` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationPortRanges
description: For multiple ports, a list of destination ports. Note that for single ports, `destinationPortRange` will appear instead.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.sourceAddressPrefix
description: The source address.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.destinationAddressPrefix
description: The destination address.
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.access
description: The rule's access. Can be "Allow" or "Deny".
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.priority
description: The rule's priority. Can be from 100 to 4096.
type: Number
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Rule.direction
description: The rule's direction. Can be "Inbound" or "Outbound".
type: String
- description: Run this command to start the authorization process and follow the instructions in the command results.
name: azure-nsg-auth-start
- description: Run this command to complete the authorization process. Should be used after running the azure-nsg-auth-start command.
name: azure-nsg-auth-complete
- description: Run this command if for some reason you need to rerun the authentication process.
name: azure-nsg-auth-reset
- description: Generate the login url used for Authorization code flow.
name: azure-nsg-generate-login-url
arguments: []
- description: Gets all subscriptions for a tenant.
name: azure-nsg-subscriptions-list
outputs:
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.id
description: 'The unique identifier of the Azure Network Security Groups subscription.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.authorizationSource
description: 'The source of authorization for the Azure Network Security Groups subscription.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.managedByTenants
description: 'The tenants that have access to manage the Azure Network Security Groups subscription.'
type: Unknown
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.subscriptionId
description: 'The ID of the Azure Network Security Groups subscription.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.tenantId
description: 'The ID of the tenant associated with the Azure Network Security Groups subscription.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.displayName
description: 'The display name of the Azure Network Security Groups subscription.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.state
description: 'The current state of the Azure Network Security Groups subscription.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.subscriptionPolicies.locationPlacementId
description: 'The ID of the location placement policy for the Azure Network Security Groups subscription.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.subscriptionPolicies.quotaId
description: 'The ID of the quota policy for the Azure Network Security Groups subscription.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.subscriptionPolicies.spendingLimit
description: 'The spending limit policy for the Azure Network Security Groups subscription.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.count.type
description: 'The type of the Azure Network Security Groups subscription count.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.Subscription.count.value
description: 'The value of the Azure Network Security Groups subscription count.'
type: Number
- description: Gets all resource groups for a subscription.
name: azure-nsg-resource-group-list
arguments:
- default: false
description: "The subscription ID. Note: This argument will override the instance parameter Default Subscription ID'."
isArray: false
name: subscription_id
required: false
secret: false
- name: limit
description: Limit on the number of resource groups to return.
required: false
defaultValue: 50
- default: false
name: tag
description: A single tag in the form of `{"Tag Name":"Tag Value"}` to filter the list by.
required: false
outputs:
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.id
description: 'The unique identifier of the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.name
description: 'The name of the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.type
description: 'The type of the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.location
description: 'The location of the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.properties.provisioningState
description: 'The provisioning state of the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.tags.Owner
description: 'The owner tag of the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.tags
description: 'The tags associated with the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: Unknown
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.tags.Name
description: 'The name tag of the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.managedBy
description: 'The entity that manages the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.tags.aNSG-managed-cluster-name
description: 'The ANSG managed cluster name tag associated with the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.tags.aNSG-managed-cluster-rg
description: 'The ANSG managed cluster resource group tag associated with the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
- contextPath: AzureNSG.ResourceGroup.tags.type
description: 'The type tag associated with the Azure Network Security Groups resource group.'
type: String
dockerimage: demisto/crypto:1.0.0.91402
runonce: false
script: '-'
subtype: python3
type: python
tests:
- Azure NSG - Test
fromversion: 5.0.0
``` |
Idaho Vandals basketball may refer to either of the basketball teams that represent the University of Idaho:
Idaho Vandals men's basketball
Idaho Vandals women's basketball |
The 2013 Speedway Grand Prix season was the 68th edition of the official World Championship and the 19th season of the Speedway Grand Prix era, deciding the FIM Speedway World Championship. It was the thirteenth series under the promotion of Benfield Sports International, an IMG company.
The British rider Tai Woffinden became world champion, making him the first British rider to win the gold medal since Mark Loram in the 2000 Speedway Grand Prix. Jarosław Hampel won his third world championship medal, while Danish rider Niels Kristian Iversen won his first medal finishing third in the series.
Qualification
For the 2013 season there were 15 permanent riders, joined at each Grand Prix by one wild card and two track reserves.
Since Jason Crump decided to retire from the series, the top eight riders – except Crump, who was replaced by ninth-placed Andreas Jonsson – from the 2012 championship qualified. Those riders were joined by three riders who qualified via the Grand Prix Challenge.
The final four riders were nominated by series promoters, Benfield Sports International, following the completion of the 2012 season.
Qualified riders
Qualified substitutes
The following riders qualified as substitutes due to their results in the Grand Prix Challenge.
Crump spot controversy
Before the Toruń event in 2012, former three-times World Champion, Jason Crump announced his retirement at the end of the 2012 season.
According to the SGP Regulation, Crump's spot for the 2013 season – as sixth place in 2012 – should be taken by the first Qualified Substitute, Aleš Dryml, Jr. However, BSI has announced that Crump's spot would be awarded to Andreas Jonsson, the ninth-place finisher in the 2012 standings, per FIM regulations.
Calendar
The 2013 season will consist of 12 events, just like the 2012 Speedway Grand Prix.
Classification
See also
2013 Individual Speedway Junior World Championship
References
External links
SpeedwayGP.com – Speedway World Championships
2013
Grand Prix |
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# @license Apache-2.0
#
#
#
# path_to_url
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
"""Benchmark numpy.cumsum."""
from __future__ import print_function, division
import timeit
NAME = "cumsum"
REPEATS = 3
ITERATIONS = 1000000
COUNT = [0] # use a list to allow modification within nested scopes
def print_version():
"""Print the TAP version."""
print("TAP version 13")
def print_summary(total, passing):
"""Print the benchmark summary.
# Arguments
* `total`: total number of tests
* `passing`: number of passing tests
"""
print("#")
print("1.." + str(total)) # TAP plan
print("# total " + str(total))
print("# pass " + str(passing))
print("#")
print("# ok")
def print_results(iterations, elapsed):
"""Print benchmark results.
# Arguments
* `iterations`: number of iterations
* `elapsed`: elapsed time (in seconds)
# Examples
``` python
python> print_results(100000, 0.131009101868)
```
"""
rate = iterations / elapsed
print(" ---")
print(" iterations: " + str(iterations))
print(" elapsed: " + str(elapsed))
print(" rate: " + str(rate))
print(" ...")
def benchmark(name, setup, stmt, iterations):
"""Run the benchmark and print benchmark results.
# Arguments
* `name`: benchmark name (suffix)
* `setup`: benchmark setup
* `stmt`: statement to benchmark
* `iterations`: number of iterations
# Examples
``` python
python> benchmark("::random", "from random import random;", "y = random()", 1000000)
```
"""
t = timeit.Timer(stmt, setup=setup)
i = 0
while i < REPEATS:
print("# python::numpy::" + NAME + name)
COUNT[0] += 1
elapsed = t.timeit(number=iterations)
print_results(iterations, elapsed)
print("ok " + str(COUNT[0]) + " benchmark finished")
i += 1
def main():
"""Run the benchmarks."""
print_version()
iters = ITERATIONS
n = 10
while n < 1e7:
name = ":len="+str(n)
setup = "import numpy as np;"
setup += "x = np.random.random([1,"+str(n)+"]);"
stmt = "y = np.cumsum(x);"
benchmark(name, setup, stmt, iters)
n *= 10
iters //= 4
print_summary(COUNT[0], COUNT[0])
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
``` |
"Better Now" is a 2018 song by Post Malone.
Better Now may also refer to:
"Better Now" (Collective Soul song), 2004
"Better Now" (Måns Zelmerlöw song), 2019
"Better Now", a 2022 song by Odesza
"Better Now", a song by MC Breed from the 1999 album 2 for the Show
"Better Now", a song by Oh Wonder from the 2020 album No One Else Can Wear Your Crown |
Line 10 is a Luxembourgian railway line connecting Luxembourg City to the centre and north of the country, as well as on to Liège, in Belgium. The terminus at the southern end is Luxembourg railway station, whilst the terminals at the northern end are Diekirch, Wiltz, Troisvierges and Liège. It is designated and predominantly operated by the Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois (CFL).
History
On 21 July 1862, the Chemins de fer de l'Est opened the line section from Luxembourg railway station to Ettelbruck railway station to commercial traffic. On 15 December 1866, the line was extended to Troisvierges railway station before reaching the Belgian border and Gouvy railway station on 20 February 1867.
The line was electrified in the late 1980s and early 1990s, with Luxembourg also funding the electrification and upgrade of the Belgian Line 42 to Liège. During a planned closure of the line in August 2022, the roof of the Schieburg Tunnel collapsed. The line was therefore closed for over a year while the tunnel was repaired, substantially increasing journey times in the region.
Stations
Luxembourg
Pfaffenthal-Kirchberg
Dommeldange
Walferdange
Heisdorf
Lorentzweiler
Lintgen
Mersch
Cruchten
Colmar-Berg
Schieren
Ettelbruck
Diekirch
Michelau
Goebelsmuhle
Kautenbach
Merkholtz
Paradiso
Wiltz
Wilwerwiltz
Drauffelt
Clervaux
Maulusmuhle (closed)
Troisvierges
Gouvy (Belgium)
Vielsalm (Belgium)
Trois-Ponts (Belgium)
Coo (Belgium)
Aywaille (Belgium)
Rivage (Belgium)
Poulseur (Belgium)
Angleur (Belgium)
Liège-Guillemins (Belgium)
References
Railway lines in Luxembourg |
Rudolph August Heinrich Matthias Uffrecht (July 9, 1840 – November 13, 1906) was a German sculptor and painter.
Biography
Rudolf Uffrecht was born in Althaldensleben, now Haldensleben. He was educated at the Academy of Arts, Berlin, his teacher was Bernhard Afinger, a close friend of Rudolf's father Jakob Uffrecht. Rudolf Uffrecht's first works as a sculptor included clay portrait busts, and statuettes of fantasies.
His father had founded a ceramics factory in Haldensleben which produced Rudolf's works commercially, among other wares. He received a first award for his terre cotte at the Expositions of Stettin (now Szczecin) (1862), then at Leipzig (1809). A few years later he moved to Rome, where he worked as a sculptor and painter. He was prolific, creating statuettes of Romeo and Juliet; of major German composers such as Beethoven, Mozart, Mendelssohn, Haydn, and Bach; of Dante, Michelangelo, and Raphael; and portraits of the Prince of Prussia, the Prince Otto von Bismarck and general Moltke.
Rudof Uffrecht died in Berlin on November 13, 1906.
References
1840 births
1906 deaths
19th-century Italian sculptors
Italian male sculptors
20th-century Italian sculptors
19th-century German sculptors
German male sculptors
20th-century German sculptors
20th-century Italian male artists
Prussian Academy of Arts alumni
19th-century Italian male artists |
```python
#
#
# path_to_url
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# ==============================================================================
"""Base head class.
All the different kinds of prediction heads in different models will inherit
from this class. What is in common between all head classes is that they have a
`predict` function that receives `features` as its first argument.
How to add a new prediction head to an existing meta architecture?
For example, how can we add a `3d shape` prediction head to Mask RCNN?
We have to take the following steps to add a new prediction head to an
existing meta arch:
(a) Add a class for predicting the head. This class should inherit from the
`Head` class below and have a `predict` function that receives the features
and predicts the output. The output is always a tf.float32 tensor.
(b) Add the head to the meta architecture. For example in case of Mask RCNN,
go to box_predictor_builder and put in the logic for adding the new head to the
Mask RCNN box predictor.
(c) Add the logic for computing the loss for the new head.
(d) Add the necessary metrics for the new head.
(e) (optional) Add visualization for the new head.
"""
from abc import abstractmethod
import tensorflow.compat.v1 as tf
class Head(object):
"""Mask RCNN head base class."""
def __init__(self):
"""Constructor."""
pass
@abstractmethod
def predict(self, features, num_predictions_per_location):
"""Returns the head's predictions.
Args:
features: A float tensor of features.
num_predictions_per_location: Int containing number of predictions per
location.
Returns:
A tf.float32 tensor.
"""
pass
class KerasHead(tf.keras.layers.Layer):
"""Keras head base class."""
def call(self, features):
"""The Keras model call will delegate to the `_predict` method."""
return self._predict(features)
@abstractmethod
def _predict(self, features):
"""Returns the head's predictions.
Args:
features: A float tensor of features.
Returns:
A tf.float32 tensor.
"""
pass
``` |
The Sum of Us can refer to:
The Sum of Us: What Racism Costs Everyone and How We Can Prosper Together, a 2021 best-selling political book by Heather McGhee.
The Sum of Us (play), a 1990 play by Australian writer and director David Stevens.
The Sum of Us (film), a 1994 Australian comedy-drama film version of the 1990 play The Sum of Us written by David Stevens.
The Sum of Us, the 2001 album of The Idea of North, an Australian a cappella vocal ensemble.
See also
SumOfUs, a global non-profit advocacy organization and online community. |
The Cooper T57 (Type 57), also known as the Cooper T57 Monaco, or the Cooper Monaco T57, is a sports racing car, designed, developed and built by British manufacturer Cooper, in 1960, and was constructed as the successor model to the T49. It competed in motor racing between 1961 and 1965, and won a total of 26 races (plus 6 additional class wins), scored 43 podium finishes, and clinched 3 pole positions. It was powered by a naturally-aspirated Coventry Climax FPF four-cylinder engine; producing , and of torque.
References
Cooper racing cars
Sports racing cars
1960s cars
Cars of England |
Khamsin was a socialist magazine which was published first in Paris, France, and then in London, the United Kingdom, between 1975 and 1989. The title of the magazine, Khamsin, was a reference to a desert wind with the same name which occurs in the Middle East. It was edited by the revolutionary socialists from the Middle East, and its subtitle was Journal of revolutionary socialists of the Middle-East.
History and profile
The establishment of a publication by the Matzpen, an Israeli socialist and anti-Zionist organization, first discussed in a meeting of Moshé Machover, Eli Lobel, Emmanuel Farjoun, Leila Kadi and Sadik Jalal Al Azm in London in October 1974. As a result of this meeting Khamsin was launched in Paris, France, in 1975. It was coedited by Lebanese Leila Kadi and Israeli Eli Lobel. The latter was a member of the Matzpen. The first four issues of Khamsin were published in French by the Editions Fraçois Maspero based in Paris. In 1978 the editorial board of the magazine expanded with the addition of Avishai Ehrlich, Moshé Machover, Mikhal Marouan and Khalil Toama.
From the fifth issue the headquarters of Khamsin moved to London where it was published in English until 1989 when it folded with the publication of the issue numbered 14. In this period Nira Yuval-Davis, a sociology lecturer at Thames Polytechnic, joined its editorial board. The publisher was first Ithaca Press and then Zed Press in the London period of the magazine. The magazine came out quarterly in London.
Political stance
Khamsin declared its aim in the fifth issue as to be part of the struggles for social liberation and against nationalist and religious mystifications instead of expressing and supporting only some views. The ultimate goal was reported to be the establishment of a united socialist Arab world.
Content and contributors
Khamsin featured articles containing political, economic, social analysis and book reviews. From the issue 5 it published specific content for each issue: Oriental Jewry (issue 5), Women in the Arab World (issue 6), Communist Parties in the Middle East (issue 7), Politics of Religion in the Middle East (issue 8), Politics of Religion/Development of Capitalism in Egypt (issue 9), Israel and its War in Lebanon (issue 10), Modern Turkey: Development and Crisis (issue 11), and The Gulf [Iran–Iraq] War (issue 12).
One of the contributors was Israel Shahak who claimed that Zionism-related politics was originated from the Talmud in an article published in the issue 8 of Khamsin dated 1983.
References
External links
1975 establishments in France
1989 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Defunct political magazines published in the United Kingdom
French-language magazines
Magazines established in 1975
Magazines disestablished in 1989
Magazines published in London
Magazines published in Paris
Socialist magazines
Anti-Zionism in France
Anti-Zionism in the United Kingdom
Quarterly magazines published in the United Kingdom |
Thomas Hagedorn (born May 11, 1971) is a German entrepreneur, founder and managing director of Hagedorn Group in Gütersloh.
Life
Hagedorn grew up in Gütersloh. He married Barbara Hagedorn, who joined the company in 1999. Thomas and Barbara Hagedorn have two children.
Career
After working as a locksmith, truck driver, engine operator, foreman and site manager, Hagedorn founded his own company in 1997 in Gütersloh. He bought a small building yard in Freckenhorst and started with demolishing houses. In 2002, Hagedorn bought a area at the Werner-von-Siemens-Strasse between Gütersloh and Bielefeld, that still holds the headquarter and some facilities of the company.
In 2006, Hagedorn founded the Gütersloher Wertstoffzentrum GmbH that recycles building rubble, followed by the Erdbau- und -erschließungs GmbH for civil engineering in Oktober 2011. 2013 the Revital GmbH was founded, which focuses on the restructuring of brownfields. In 2016, the Hagedorn group launched their online-platform Brownfield24, which connects sellers and byers of industrial and commercial brownfields. Another start-up called Schüttflix was founded in 2019, an online-platform that provides an app for ordering bulk material.
Today, the Hagedorn Group is a company with over 500 employees, specialised in the fields of demolition, restructuring, disposal and recycling of building rubble, as well as civil engineering and restructuring of brownfields. The Hagedorn Group holds a total of around 39 individual companies.
Recognition and Philanthropy
Hagedorn criticized in the largest German newspaper Bild that nobody was prepared to become an excavator driver any more. Shortly after the article was published, the company received more than 250 applications.
Hagedorn is the sponsor of the local football club FC Gütersloh and is a partner and fan of the Bundesliga football club FC Schalke 04. He also supports several initiatives founded by him. For example, "Einfach Fußball", which enables handicapped children and young people to play football or "MIThelfen", in which Hagedorn employees work together in social projects.
Awards
2015: Sandvik Customer Innovation Award
See also
Hagedorn Unternehmensgruppe (German Wikipedia)
Gütersloh
References
Businesspeople from North Rhine-Westphalia
People from Gütersloh
1971 births
Living people |
Ruth Nortje (born 17 January 1967) is a South African-born, American sprint canoer who competed from the mid-1990s to the early 2000s (decade). She won three medals for the United States at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo.
Nortje also competed for South Africa in two Summer Olympics, earning her best finish of seventh in the K-1 500 m event at Sydney in 2000.
References
Sports-Reference.com profile
1967 births
American female canoeists
Canoeists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Living people
Olympic canoeists for South Africa
South African female canoeists
Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States
Pan American Games silver medalists for the United States
Pan American Games medalists in canoeing
Canoeists at the 2003 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2003 Pan American Games
21st-century American women |
Walter Cole was an American politician from New York.
He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Jefferson Co.) in 1823 and 1831.
References
People from Jefferson County, New York
Members of the New York State Assembly
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing |
Bedem ljubavi – Mothers for Peace is a women's non-governmental association formed in the beginning of 1991 to protest the conscription of Croats and other ethnic groups into the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) as Slovenia and Croatia had already begun the process of declaring independence.
The organization organized citizen protests around JNA barracks starting on August 29, 1991, which lasted four days and drew tens of thousands of people. Members of the organization travelled to the Yugoslav capital of Belgrade to demand the release of the conscripts.
On September 3, representatives travelled to the European Commission in Brussels to request the international recognition of Croatia to prevent war from escalating.
References
Organizations established in 1991
1991 establishments in Yugoslavia
Croatian War of Independence
Women's organizations based in Croatia |
USS Eddy County (LST-759) was an built for the United States Navy during World War II. Named after counties in New Mexico and North Dakota, she was the only U.S. naval vessel to bear the name.
LST-759 was laid down on 11 June 1944 at Ambridge, Pennsylvania by the American Bridge Company; launched on 29 July 1944; sponsored by Mrs. Norman Buckle Obbard; and commissioned on 25 August 1944.
Service history
During World War II, LST-759 was assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific theater and participated in the assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto in April 1945. She was decommissioned on 29 March 1946.
On 1 July 1955 the ship was redesignated USS Eddy County (LST-759). The tank landing ship was berthed at the Columbia River Group of the Pacific Reserve Fleet until struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 October 1958. Her final fate is unknown.
LST-759 earned one battle star for World War II service.
References
See also
List of United States Navy LSTs
Eddy County, New Mexico
Eddy County, North Dakota
LST-542-class tank landing ships
World War II amphibious warfare vessels of the United States
Ships built in Ambridge, Pennsylvania
Eddy County, New Mexico
Eddy County, North Dakota
1944 ships |
Luis Delgado may refer to:
Luís Delgado (born 1979), Angolan footballer
Luis Delgado (musician) (born 1956), Spanish musician
Luis Delgado (Colombian footballer) (born 1980), Colombian footballer
Luis Eduardo Delgado (born 1984), Spanish footballer
Luis Antonio Delgado (born 1990), Mexican footballer
Luis Delgado (tennis), Dominican tennis player |
Moungounissi is a town in the Poa Department of Boulkiemdé Province in central western Burkina Faso. It has a population of 1,157.
References
External links
Satellite map at Maplandia.com
Populated places in Boulkiemdé Province |
The Loop in Kissimmee, Florida is an outdoor mall located at the corner of John Young Parkway and Osceola Parkway. It is split into two sections: Loop West and Loop East. Shops and attractions include a Regal Entertainment Group movie theater, Kohl's, JCPenney, Books A Million, Michael's, Nike Clearance Store, several speciality stores, and restaurants.
References
External links
Official website
Buildings and structures in Kissimmee, Florida
Shopping malls in Florida
Shopping malls established in 2007
2007 establishments in Florida |
```javascript
var blogID = process.argv[2];
var addToUserID = process.argv[3];
var User = require("user");
var getUser = require("../get/user");
var getBlog = require("../get/blog");
if (!blogID) throw new Error("Please pass blog identifier as first argument");
if (!addToUserID)
throw new Error(
"Please pass user identifer to move the blog to as second argument"
);
getBlog(blogID, function (err, user, blog, url) {
if (err || !user || !blog)
throw err || new Error("No blog with identifer " + blogID);
getUser(addToUserID, function (err, newOwnerUser, newOwnerURL) {
if (err || !user)
throw err || new Error("No user with identifer " + addToUserID);
if (user.blogs.indexOf(blog.id) === -1)
throw err || new Error("User does not own this blog");
if (newOwnerUser.blogs.indexOf(blog.id) !== -1)
throw err || new Error("New user already owns this blog");
// Remove blog from list of blogs controlled by existing owner
user.blogs = user.blogs.filter(function (otherBlogID) {
return otherBlogID !== blog.id;
});
// Add blog to list of blogs controlled by new owner
newOwnerUser.blogs.push(blog.id);
User.set(user.uid, { blogs: user.blogs }, function (err) {
if (err) throw err;
User.set(newOwnerUser.uid, { blogs: newOwnerUser.blogs }, function (err) {
if (err) throw err;
console.log("Migration complete!");
console.log("Dashboard for:", user.email, url);
console.log("Dashboard for:", newOwnerUser.email, newOwnerURL);
console.log("");
console.log("Warning!");
console.log("This did not affect the user's subscription settings");
console.log("Make sure to adjust their bill");
process.exit();
});
});
});
});
``` |
Chocos District is one of thirty-three districts of the province Yauyos in Peru.
References |
```asciidoc
////
This file is generated by DocsTest, so don't change it!
////
= apoc.refactor.mergeNodes
:description: This section contains reference documentation for the apoc.refactor.mergeNodes procedure.
label:procedure[] label:apoc-core[]
[.emphasis]
apoc.refactor.mergeNodes([node1,node2],[{properties:'overwrite' or 'discard' or 'combine'}]) merge nodes onto first in list
== Signature
[source]
----
apoc.refactor.mergeNodes(nodes :: LIST? OF NODE?, config = {} :: MAP?) :: (node :: NODE?)
----
== Input parameters
[.procedures, opts=header]
|===
| Name | Type | Default
|nodes|LIST? OF NODE?|null
|config|MAP?|{}
|===
== Output parameters
[.procedures, opts=header]
|===
| Name | Type
|node|NODE?
|===
[[usage-apoc.refactor.mergeNodes]]
== Usage Examples
include::partial$usage/apoc.refactor.mergeNodes.adoc[]
xref::graph-updates/graph-refactoring/merge-nodes.adoc[More documentation of apoc.refactor.mergeNodes,role=more information]
``` |
William W. Taylor (October 1899 – 6 December 1976) was a Canadian cyclist. He competed in three events at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1899 births
1976 deaths
Canadian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Canada
Cyclists at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing |
Thomas Fitzwilliam (died 1497) was Speaker of the House of Commons of England.
Thomas Fitzwilliam may also refer to:
Thomas Arthur Fitzwilliam, Irish physician
Thomas FitzWilliam, 1st Viscount FitzWilliam (1581–1650), Viscount FitzWilliam
Thomas FitzWilliam, 4th Viscount FitzWilliam (died 1704), Viscount FitzWilliam
Thomas FitzWilliam, 9th Viscount FitzWilliam, Viscount FitzWilliam
See also
Fitzwilliam (disambiguation) |
Andreas Wels (born 1 January 1975) is a German competitive and synchronized diver. He has competed at three Olympic Games.
In 1997 he won his first international title, European Champion in competitive diving on the 1 m springboard. In 1999 he became vice world cup champion in competitive diving on the 3 m springboard, and in 2000 European Champion in synchronized diving on the 3 m springboard together with his partner Tobias Schellenberg.
In 2002 he became vice European Champion in competitive diving and synchronized diving on the 3 m springboard. At the 2003 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona he won bronze in synchronized diving on the 3 m springboard. In 2004 he became European Champion in competitive diving on the 3 m springboard.
At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens Andreas Wels and Tobias Schellenberg won the silver medal in synchronized diving on the 3 m springboard. They also won the silver medal in synchronized diving on the 3 m springboard at the 2005 World Aquatics Championships in Montreal and a gold at the 2006 European Aquatics Championships in Budapest.
References
External links
Official Homepage
1975 births
Living people
People from Schönebeck
German male divers
Olympic divers for Germany
Olympic silver medalists for Germany
Divers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Divers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Divers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic medalists in diving
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
World Aquatics Championships medalists in diving
European Aquatics Championships medalists in diving
Sportspeople from Saxony-Anhalt
21st-century German people
20th-century German people |
```java
package com.brianway.webporter.configure;
import com.brianway.webporter.BaseTest;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Site;
public class BasicConfigurationTest extends BaseTest {
@Test
public void testGetConfiguration() {
String configPath = rootDir + "basic-config.json";
int retryTimes = 3;
String domain = "www.zhihu.com";
String baseDir = "/Users/brian/zhihu-crawl/";
BasicConfiguration basicConfig = new BasicConfiguration(configPath);
Site site = basicConfig.getSite();
Assert.assertNotNull(site);
Assert.assertEquals(domain, site.getDomain());
Assert.assertEquals(retryTimes, site.getRetryTimes());
Assert.assertEquals(baseDir, basicConfig.getBaseDir());
}
}
``` |
Marianne Löfgren (24 February 1910 – 4 September 1957) was a Swedish actress. She played in Åke Ohberg's Elvira Madigan (1943), director Ingmar Bergman's debut Crisis in 1946, Hasse Ekman's Girl with Hyacinths (1950) and in over a hundred other films in her native Sweden.
Selected filmography
The Dangerous Game (1933)
What Do Men Know? (1933)
Man's Way with Women (1934)
The Lady Becomes a Maid (1936)
Styrman Karlssons flammor (1938)
The Great Love (1938)
Landstormens lilla Lotta (1939)
Only One Night (1939)
Nothing But the Truth (1939)
With Open Arms (1940)
The Poor Millionaire (1941)
Only a Woman (1941)
Fransson the Terrible (1941)
The Talk of the Town (1941)
Man glömmer ingenting (1942)
Dangerous Ways (1942)
The Case of Ingegerd Bremssen (1942)
Nothing Is Forgotten (1942)
Elvira Madigan (1943)
Kungsgatan (1943)
Mister Collins' Adventure (1943)
She Thought It Was Him (1943)
Som du vill ha mej (1943)
I Killed (1943)
A Girl for Me (1943)
Imprisoned Women (1943)
Little Napoleon (1943)
I Am Fire and Air (1944)
The Emperor of Portugallia (1944)
Vandring med månen (1945)
The Rose of Tistelön (1945)
Motherhood (1945)
Crisis (1946)
While the Door Was Locked (1946)
Affairs of a Model (1946)
Incorrigible (1946)
The Balloon (1946)
Two Women (1947)
The Loveliest Thing on Earth (1947)
Dynamite (1947)
A Swedish Tiger (1948)
Sunshine (1948)
Life at Forsbyholm Manor (1948)
Prison (1949)
Woman in White (1949)
The Street (1949)
Girl with Hyacinths (1950)
Knockout at the Breakfast Club (1950)
Fiancée for Hire (1950)
The Kiss on the Cruise (1950)
The Quartet That Split Up (1950)
Perhaps a Gentleman (1950)
Divorced (1951)
My Name Is Puck (1951)
Customs Officer Bom (1951)
Defiance (1952)
Salka Valka (1954)
Time of Desire (1954)
Simon the Sinner (1954)
Young Summer (1954)
Whoops! (1955)
Egen ingång (1956)
Girls Without Rooms (1956)
Night Child (1956)
References
Further reading
External links
1910 births
1957 deaths
Burials at Norra begravningsplatsen
20th-century Swedish actresses |
```ruby
# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
#
# path_to_url
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
class TestCSVReader < Test::Unit::TestCase
include Helper::Buildable
include Helper::Omittable
sub_test_case("#read") do
def open_input(csv)
buffer = Arrow::Buffer.new(csv)
Arrow::BufferInputStream.new(buffer)
end
def test_default
table = Arrow::CSVReader.new(open_input(<<-CSV))
message,count
"Start",2
"Shutdown",9
CSV
columns = {
"message" => build_string_array(["Start", "Shutdown"]),
"count" => build_int64_array([2, 9]),
}
assert_equal(build_table(columns),
table.read)
end
sub_test_case("options") do
def test_add_column_type
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
options.add_column_type("count", Arrow::UInt8DataType.new)
options.add_column_type("valid", Arrow::BooleanDataType.new)
table = Arrow::CSVReader.new(open_input(<<-CSV), options)
count,valid
2,1
9,0
CSV
columns = {
"count" => build_uint8_array([2, 9]),
"valid" => build_boolean_array([true, false]),
}
assert_equal(build_table(columns),
table.read)
end
def test_add_schema
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
fields = [
Arrow::Field.new("count", Arrow::UInt8DataType.new),
Arrow::Field.new("valid", Arrow::BooleanDataType.new),
]
schema = Arrow::Schema.new(fields)
options.add_schema(schema)
table = Arrow::CSVReader.new(open_input(<<-CSV), options)
count,valid
2,1
9,0
CSV
columns = {
"count" => build_uint8_array([2, 9]),
"valid" => build_boolean_array([true, false]),
}
assert_equal(build_table(columns),
table.read)
end
def test_column_types
require_gi_bindings(3, 3, 1)
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
options.add_column_type("count", Arrow::UInt8DataType.new)
options.add_column_type("valid", Arrow::BooleanDataType.new)
assert_equal({
"count" => Arrow::UInt8DataType.new,
"valid" => Arrow::BooleanDataType.new,
},
options.column_types)
end
def test_null_values
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
null_values = ["2", "5"]
options.null_values = null_values
assert_equal(null_values, options.null_values)
table = Arrow::CSVReader.new(open_input(<<-CSV), options)
message,count
"Start",2
"Shutdown",9
"Restart",5
CSV
columns = {
"message" => build_string_array(["Start", "Shutdown", "Restart"]),
"count" => build_int64_array([nil, 9, nil]),
}
assert_equal(build_table(columns),
table.read)
end
def test_add_null_value
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
null_values = ["2", "5"]
options.null_values = null_values
options.add_null_value("9")
assert_equal(null_values + ["9"], options.null_values)
end
def test_boolean_values
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
true_values = ["Start", "Restart"]
options.true_values = true_values
assert_equal(true_values, options.true_values)
false_values = ["Shutdown"]
options.false_values = false_values
assert_equal(false_values, options.false_values)
table = Arrow::CSVReader.new(open_input(<<-CSV), options)
message,count
"Start",2
"Shutdown",9
"Restart",5
CSV
columns = {
"message" => build_boolean_array([true, false, true]),
"count" => build_int64_array([2, 9, 5]),
}
assert_equal(build_table(columns),
table.read)
end
def test_add_true_value
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
true_values = ["Start", "Restart"]
options.true_values = true_values
options.add_true_value("Shutdown")
assert_equal(true_values + ["Shutdown"], options.true_values)
end
def test_add_false_value
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
false_values = ["Start", "Restart"]
options.false_values = false_values
options.add_false_value("Shutdown")
assert_equal(false_values + ["Shutdown"], options.false_values)
end
def test_allow_null_strings
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
options.null_values = ["Start", "Restart"]
options.allow_null_strings = true
table = Arrow::CSVReader.new(open_input(<<-CSV), options)
message,count
"Start",2
"Shutdown",9
"Restart",5
CSV
columns = {
"message" => build_string_array([nil, "Shutdown", nil]),
"count" => build_int64_array([2, 9, 5]),
}
assert_equal(build_table(columns),
table.read)
end
def test_n_skip_rows
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
options.n_skip_rows = 1
table = Arrow::CSVReader.new(open_input(<<-CSV), options)
message1,message2
"Start1","Start2"
"Shutdown1","Shutdown2"
"Reboot1","Reboot2"
CSV
columns = {
"Start1" => build_string_array(["Shutdown1", "Reboot1"]),
"Start2" => build_string_array(["Shutdown2", "Reboot2"]),
}
assert_equal(build_table(columns),
table.read)
end
def test_column_names
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
column_names = ["message", "count"]
options.column_names = column_names
assert_equal(column_names, options.column_names)
table = Arrow::CSVReader.new(open_input(<<-CSV), options)
"Start",2
"Shutdown",9
"Reboot",5
CSV
columns = {
"message" => build_string_array(["Start", "Shutdown", "Reboot"]),
"count" => build_int64_array([2, 9, 5]),
}
assert_equal(build_table(columns),
table.read)
end
def test_add_column_name
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
column_names = ["message", "count"]
options.column_names = column_names
options.add_column_name("score")
assert_equal(column_names + ["score"], options.column_names)
end
def test_generate_column_names
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
options.generate_column_names = true
table = Arrow::CSVReader.new(open_input(<<-CSV), options)
"Start",2
"Shutdown",9
"Reboot",5
CSV
columns = {
"f0" => build_string_array(["Start", "Shutdown", "Reboot"]),
"f1" => build_int64_array([2, 9, 5]),
}
assert_equal(build_table(columns),
table.read)
end
def test_timestamp_parsers
options = Arrow::CSVReadOptions.new
assert_equal([], options.timestamp_parsers)
iso8601_timestamp_parser = Arrow::ISO8601TimestampParser.new
options.timestamp_parsers = [iso8601_timestamp_parser]
assert_equal([iso8601_timestamp_parser],
options.timestamp_parsers)
date_timestamp_parser = Arrow::StrptimeTimestampParser.new("%Y-%m-%d")
options.add_timestamp_parser(date_timestamp_parser)
assert_equal([iso8601_timestamp_parser, date_timestamp_parser],
options.timestamp_parsers)
end
end
end
end
``` |
Thyreopterus is a genus of in the beetle family Carabidae. There are more than 30 described species in Thyreopterus, found in Africa.
Species
These 31 species belong to the genus Thyreopterus:
Thyreopterus angusticollis Péringuey, 1904
Thyreopterus ardoini (Basilewsky, 1961)
Thyreopterus bifasciatus (Hope, 1842)
Thyreopterus bilunatus Burgeon, 1933
Thyreopterus caliginosus (Basilewsky, 1957)
Thyreopterus chirindanus Basilewsky, 1955
Thyreopterus collarti (Alluaud, 1932)
Thyreopterus decellei (Basilewsky, 1963)
Thyreopterus effugiens Basilewsky, 1968
Thyreopterus flavosignatus Dejean, 1831
Thyreopterus kaboboanus Basilewsky, 1960
Thyreopterus kivuanus Basilewsky, 1960
Thyreopterus latipennis (Alluaud, 1932)
Thyreopterus lepesmei Burgeon, 1942
Thyreopterus letestui Alluaud, 1932
Thyreopterus limbatus Boheman, 1848
Thyreopterus lusingae (Basilewsky, 1953)
Thyreopterus luteicornis Chaudoir, 1870
Thyreopterus maculatus Chaudoir, 1837
Thyreopterus mediomaculatus (Burgeon, 1933)
Thyreopterus orbicollis Burgeon, 1942
Thyreopterus overlaeti Burgeon, 1937
Thyreopterus plesius (Alluaud, 1932)
Thyreopterus posticalis Alluaud, 1932
Thyreopterus ptolemaei (Alluaud, 1917)
Thyreopterus quadrilunatus Burgeon, 1933
Thyreopterus rugicollis (Basilewsky, 1951)
Thyreopterus spinipennis Alluaud, 1917
Thyreopterus uelensis Burgeon, 1937
Thyreopterus undulatus Dejean, 1831
Thyreopterus vaneyeni (Basilewsky, 1949)
References
External links
Lebiinae |
```ruby
# frozen_string_literal: true
module Kafka
module Protocol
class OffsetFetchRequest
def initialize(group_id:, topics:)
@group_id = group_id
@topics = topics
end
def api_key
OFFSET_FETCH_API
end
# setting topics to nil fetches all offsets for a consumer group
# and that feature is only available in API version 2+
def api_version
@topics.nil? ? 2 : 1
end
def response_class
OffsetFetchResponse
end
def encode(encoder)
encoder.write_string(@group_id)
encoder.write_array(@topics) do |topic, partitions|
encoder.write_string(topic)
encoder.write_array(partitions) do |partition|
encoder.write_int32(partition)
end
end
end
end
end
end
``` |
The number of languages natively spoken in Africa is variously estimated (depending on the delineation of language vs. dialect) at between 1,250 and 2,100, and by some counts at over 3,000. Nigeria alone has over 500 languages (according to SIL Ethnologue), one of the greatest concentrations of linguistic diversity in the world. The languages of Africa belong to many distinct language families, among which the largest are:
Niger–Congo, which include the large Atlantic-Congo and Bantu branches in West, Central, Southeast and Southern Africa.
Afroasiatic languages are spread throughout Western Asia, North Africa, the Horn of Africa and parts of the Sahel.
Saharan, Nilotic and Central Sudanic languages (previously grouped under the hypothetical Nilo-Saharan macro-family), are present in East Africa and Sahel.
Austronesian languages are spoken in Madagascar and parts of the Comoros.
Khoe–Kwadi languages are spoken principally in Namibia and Botswana.
Indo-European languages, while not indigenous to Africa, are spoken in South Africa and Namibia (Afrikaans, English, German) and are used as lingua francas in Liberia and the former colonies of the United Kingdom (English), former colonies of France and of Belgium (French), former colonies of Portugal (Portuguese), former colonies of Italy (Italian), former colonies of Spain (Spanish) and the current Spanish territories of Ceuta, Melilla and the Canary Islands and the current French territories of Mayotte and La Réunion.
There are several other small families and language isolates, as well as creoles and languages that have yet to be classified. In addition, Africa has a wide variety of sign languages, many of which are language isolates.
Around a hundred languages are widely used for interethnic communication. These include Arabic, Somali, Amharic, Oromo, Igbo, Swahili, Hausa, Manding, Fulani and Yoruba, which are spoken as a second (or non-first) language by millions of people. Although many African languages are used on the radio, in newspapers and in primary-school education, and some of the larger ones are considered national languages, only a few are official at the national level. In Sub-Saharan Africa, most official languages at the national level tend to be colonial languages such as French, Portuguese, or English.
The African Union declared 2006 the "Year of African Languages".
Language groups
Most languages natively spoken in Africa belong to one of the two large language families that dominate the continent: Afroasiatic, or Niger–Congo. Another hundred belong to smaller families such as Ubangian, Nilotic, Saharan, and the various families previously grouped under the umbrella term Khoisan. In addition, the languages of Africa include several unclassified languages and sign languages.
The earliest Afroasiatic languages are associated with the Capsian culture, the Saharan languages are linked with the Khartoum Mesolithic/Neolithic cultures. Niger-Congo languages are correlated with the west and central African hoe-based farming traditions and the Khoisan languages are matched with the south and southeastern Wilton industries.
Afroasiatic languages
Afroasiatic languages are spoken throughout North Africa, the Horn of Africa, Western Asia and parts of the Sahel. There are approximately 375 Afroasiatic languages spoken by over 400 million people. The main subfamilies of Afroasiatic are Berber, Chadic, Cushitic, Omotic, Egyptian and Semitic. The Afroasiatic Urheimat is uncertain. The family's most extensive branch, the Semitic languages (including Arabic, Amharic and Hebrew among others), is the only branch of Afroasiatic that is spoken outside Africa.
Some of the most widely spoken Afroasiatic languages include Arabic (a Semitic language, and a recent arrival from West Asia), Somali (Cushitic), Berber (Berber), Hausa (Chadic), Amharic (Semitic) and Oromo (Cushitic). Of the world's surviving language families, Afroasiatic has the longest written history, as both the Akkadian language of Mesopotamia and Ancient Egyptian are members.
Nilo-Saharan languages
Nilo-Saharan languages are a proposed grouping of some one hundred diverse languages. Genealogical linkage between these languages has failed to be conclusively demonstrated, and support for the proposal is sparse among linguists. The languages share some unusual morphology, but if they are related, most of the branches must have undergone major restructuring since diverging from their common ancestor.
This hypothetical family would reach an expanse that stretches from the Nile Valley to northern Tanzania and into Nigeria and DR Congo, with the Songhay languages along the middle reaches of the Niger River as a geographic outlier. The inclusion of the Songhay languages is questionable, and doubts have been raised over the Koman, Gumuz and Kadu branches.
Some of the better known Nilo-Saharan languages are Kanuri, Fur, Songhay, Nobiin and the widespread Nilotic family, which includes the Luo, Dinka and Maasai. Most Nilo-Saharan languages are tonal, as are Niger-Congo languages.
Niger–Congo languages
The Niger–Congo languages constitute the largest language family spoken in West Africa and perhaps the world in terms of the number of languages. One of its salient features is an elaborate noun class system with grammatical concord. A large majority of languages of this family are tonal such as Yoruba and Igbo, Akan and Ewe language. A major branch of Niger–Congo languages is the Bantu phylum, which has a wider speech area than the rest of the family (see Niger–Congo B (Bantu) in the map above).
The Niger–Kordofanian language family, joining Niger–Congo with the Kordofanian languages of south-central Sudan, was proposed in the 1950s by Joseph Greenberg. Today, linguists often use "Niger–Congo" to refer to this entire family, including Kordofanian as a subfamily. One reason for this is that it is not clear whether Kordofanian was the first branch to diverge from rest of Niger–Congo. Mande has been claimed to be equally or more divergent. Niger–Congo is generally accepted by linguists, though a few question the inclusion of Mande and Dogon, and there is no conclusive evidence for the inclusion of Ubangian.
Other language families
Several languages spoken in Africa belong to language families concentrated or originating outside the African continent.
Austronesian
Malagasy belongs to the Austronesian languages and is the westernmost branch of the family. It is the national and co-official language of Madagascar, and a Malagasy dialect called Bushi is also spoken in Mayotte.
The ancestors of the Malagasy people migrated to Madagascar around 1,500 years ago from Southeast Asia, more specifically the island of Borneo. The origins of how they arrived to Madagascar remains a mystery, however the Austronesians are known for their seafaring culture. Despite the geographical isolation, Malagasy still has strong resemblance to Barito languages especially the Ma'anyan language of southern Borneo.
With more than 20 million speakers, Malagasy is one of the most widely spoken of the Austronesian languages.
Indo-European
Afrikaans is Indo-European, as is most of the vocabulary of most African creole languages. Afrikaans evolved from the Dutch vernacular of South Holland (Hollandic dialect) spoken by the mainly Dutch settlers of what is now South Africa, where it gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the course of the 18th century, including the loss of verbal conjugation (save for 5 modal verbs), as well as grammatical case and gender. Most Afrikaans speakers live in South Africa. In Namibia it is the lingua franca. Overall 15 to 20 million people are estimated to speak Afrikaans.
Since the colonial era, Indo-European languages such as Afrikaans, English, French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish have held official status in many countries, and are widely spoken, generally as lingua francas. (See African French and African Portuguese.) German was once used in Germany's colonies there from the late 1800s until World War I, when Britain and France took over and revoked German's official status. Despite this, German is still spoken in Namibia, mostly among the white population. Although it lost its official status in the 1990s, it has been redesignated as a national language. Indian languages such as Gujarati are spoken by South Asian expatriates exclusively. In earlier historical times, other Indo-European languages could be found in various parts of the continent, such as Old Persian and Greek in Egypt, Latin and Vandalic in North Africa and Modern Persian in the Horn of Africa.
Small families
The three small Khoisan families of southern Africa have not been shown to be closely related to any other major language family. In addition, there are various other families that have not been demonstrated to belong to one of these families. The classifications below follow Glottolog.
Mande, some 70 languages, including the major languages of Mali and Guinea. These are generally thought to be divergent Niger–Congo, but debate persists.
Ubangian, some 70 languages, centered on the languages of the Central African Republic; may be Niger–Congo
Te-Ne-Omotic, some 20 languages, previously classified under Adro-Asiatiac, spoken in Ethiopia
Khoe-Kwadi, around 10 languages, the primary family of Khoisan languages of Namibia and Botswana
Surmic, some 11 languages, previously classified within either Sudanic or Nilo-Saharan.
Kx'a, around five languages, with various dialects, spoken in Southern Africa
South Omotic, around five languages; previously classified within Afro-Asiatic, spoken in Ethiopia
Tuu, or Taa-ǃKwi, two surviving languages
Hadza, an isolate of Tanzania
Bangime, a likely isolate of Mali
Jalaa, a likely isolate of Nigeria
Sandawe, an isolate of Tanzania
Laal, a possible isolate of Chad
Khoisan is a term of convenience covering some 30 languages spoken by around 300,000–400,000 people. There are five Khoisan families that have not been shown to be related to each other: Khoe, Tuu and Kx'a, which are found mainly in Namibia and Botswana, as well as Sandawe and Hadza of Tanzania, which are language isolates. A striking feature of Khoisan languages, and the reason they are often grouped together, is their use of click consonants. Some neighbouring Bantu languages (notably Xhosa and Zulu) have clicks as well, but these were adopted from Khoisan languages. The Khoisan languages are also tonal.
Creole languages
Due partly to its multilingualism and its colonial past, a substantial proportion of the world's creole languages are to be found in Africa. Some are based on Indo-European languages (e.g. Krio from English in Sierra Leone and the very similar Pidgin in Nigeria, Ghana and parts of Cameroon; Cape Verdean Creole in Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau Creole in Guinea-Bissau and Senegal, all from Portuguese; Seychellois Creole in the Seychelles and Mauritian Creole in Mauritius, both from French); some are based on Arabic (e.g. Juba Arabic in the southern Sudan, or Nubi in parts of Uganda and Kenya); some are based on local languages (e.g. Sango, the main language of the Central African Republic); while in Cameroon a creole based on French, English and local African languages known as Camfranglais has started to become popular.
Unclassified languages
A fair number of unclassified languages are reported in Africa. Many remain unclassified simply for lack of data; among the better-investigated ones that continue to resist easy classification are:
possibly Afroasiatic: Ongota, Gomba
possibly Nilo-Saharan: Shabo
possibly Niger–Congo: Jalaa, Mbre, Bayot
unknown: Laal, Mpre
Of these, Jalaa is perhaps the most likely to be an isolate.
Less-well investigated languages include Irimba, Luo, Mawa, Rer Bare (possibly Bantu), Bete (evidently Jukunoid), Bung (unclear), Kujarge (evidently Chadic), Lufu (Jukunoid), Meroitic (possibly Afroasiatic), Oropom (possibly spurious) and Weyto (evidently Cushitic). Several of these are extinct, and adequate comparative data is thus unlikely to be forthcoming. Hombert & Philippson (2009) list a number of African languages that have been classified as language isolates at one point or another. Many of these are simply unclassified, but Hombert & Philippson believe Africa has about twenty language families, including isolates. Beside the possibilities listed above, there are:
Aasax or Aramanik (Tanzania) (South Cushitic? contains non-Cushitic lexicon)
Imeraguen (Mauritania) – Hassaniyya Arabic restructured on an Azêr (Soninke) base
Kara (Fer?) (Central African Republic)
Oblo (Cameroon) (Adamawa? Extinct?)
Roger Blench notes a couple additional possibilities:
Defaka (Nigeria)
Dompo (Ghana)
Below is a list of language isolates and otherwise unclassified languages in Africa, from Vossen & Dimmendaal (2020:434):
Sign languages
Many African countries have national sign languages, such as Algerian Sign Language, Tunisian Sign Language, Ethiopian Sign Language. Other sign languages are restricted to small areas or single villages, such as Adamorobe Sign Language in Ghana. Tanzania has seven, one for each of its schools for the Deaf, all of which are discouraged. Not much is known, since little has been published on these languages
Sign language systems extant in Africa include the Paget Gorman Sign System used in Namibia and Angola, the Sudanese Sign languages used in Sudan and South Sudan, the Arab Sign languages used across the Arab Mideast, the Francosign languages used in Francophone Africa and other areas such as Ghana and Tunisia, and the Tanzanian Sign languages used in Tanzania.
Language in Africa
Throughout the long multilingual history of the African continent, African languages have been subject to phenomena like language contact, language expansion, language shift and language death. A case in point is the Bantu expansion, in which Bantu-speaking peoples expanded over most of Sub-Equatorial Africa, intermingling with Khoi-San speaking peoples from much of Southeast Africa and Southern Africa and other peoples from Central Africa. Another example is the Arab expansion in the 7th century, which led to the extension of Arabic from its homeland in Asia, into much of North Africa and the Horn of Africa.
Trade languages are another age-old phenomenon in the African linguistic landscape. Cultural and linguistic innovations spread along trade routes and languages of peoples dominant in trade developed into languages of wider communication (lingua franca). Of particular importance in this respect are Berber (North and West Africa), Jula (western West Africa), Fulfulde (West Africa), Hausa (West Africa), Lingala (Congo), Swahili (Southeast Africa), Somali (Horn of Africa) and Arabic (North Africa and Horn of Africa).
After gaining independence, many African countries, in the search for national unity, selected one language, generally the former colonial language, to be used in government and education. However, in recent years, African countries have become increasingly supportive of maintaining linguistic diversity. Language policies that are being developed nowadays are mostly aimed at multilingualism.
Official languages
Besides the former colonial languages of English, French, Portuguese, Dutch (Afrikaans) and Spanish, the following languages are official at the national level in Africa (non-exhaustive list):
Afroasiatic
Afar in Ethiopia
Amharic in Ethiopia
Arabic in Algeria, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Somalia, Sudan, Tunisia and Zanzibar (Tanzania)
Berber in Morocco and Algeria
Hassaniya Arabic in Mali
Oromo in Ethiopia
Somali in Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Djibouti
Tamasheq in Mali
Tawellemet in Mali
Tigrinya in Ethiopia and Eritrea
Austronesian
Malagasy in Madagascar
Ngbandi creole
Sango in the Central African Republic
French Creole
Seychelles Creole in Seychelles
Indo-European
Afrikaans in South Africa
Niger-Congo
Bambara in Mali
Bobo in Mali
Bozo in Mali
Chewa in Malawi and Zimbabwe
Comorian in the Comoros
Dogon in Mali
Fula in Mali
Kassonke in Mali
Kongo in Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and Republic of the Congo
Kinyarwanda in Rwanda
Kirundi in Burundi
Maninke in Mali
Minyanka in Mali
Senufo in Mali
Sesotho in Lesotho, South Africa and Zimbabwe
Setswana in Botswana and South Africa
Shona, Sindebele in Zimbabwe
Sepedi in South Africa
Soninke in Mali
Ndebele in South Africa
Swahili in Tanzania, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda
Swati in Eswatini (Swaziland) and South Africa
Tsonga in South Africa
Venda in South Africa
Xhosa in South Africa
Zulu in South Africa
Nilo-Saharan
Songhay in Mali
Cross-border languages
The colonial borders established by European powers following the Berlin Conference in 1884–1885 divided a great many ethnic groups and African language speaking communities. This can cause divergence of a language on either side of a border (especially when the official languages are different), for example, in orthographic standards. Some notable cross-border languages include Berber (which stretches across much of North Africa and some parts of West Africa), Kikongo (that stretches across northern Angola, western and coastal Democratic Republic of the Congo, and western and coastal Republic of the Congo), Somali (stretches across most of the Horn of Africa), Swahili (spoken in the African Great Lakes region), Fula (in the Sahel and West Africa) and Luo (in Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan and Sudan).
Some prominent Africans such as former Malian president and former Chairman of the African Commission, Alpha Oumar Konaré, have referred to cross-border languages as a factor that can promote African unity.
Language change and planning
Language is not static in Africa any more than on other continents. In addition to the (likely modest) impact of borders, there are also cases of dialect levelling (such as in Igbo and probably many others), koinés (such as N'Ko and possibly Runyakitara) and emergence of new dialects (such as Sheng). In some countries, there are official efforts to develop standardized language versions.
There are also many less widely spoken languages that may be considered endangered languages.
Demographics
Of the 1 billion Africans (in 2009), about 17 percent speak an Arabic dialect. About 10 percent speak Swahili, the lingua franca of Southeast Africa; about 5 percent speak a Berber dialect; and about 5 percent speak Hausa, which serves as a lingua franca in much of the Sahel. Other important West African languages are Yoruba, Igbo, Akan and Fula. Major Horn of Africa languages are Somali, Amharic and Oromo. Important South African languages are Sotho, Tswana, Pedi, Venda, Tsonga, Swazi, Southern Ndebele, Zulu, Xhosa and Afrikaans.
French, English and Portuguese are important languages in Africa. About 320 million, 240 million and 35 million Africans, respectively, speak them as either native or secondary languages. Portuguese has become the national language of Angola and São Tomé and Príncipe, and Portuguese is the official language of Mozambique. The economies of Angola and Mozambique are quickly becoming economic powerhouses in Africa.
Linguistic features
Some linguistic features are particularly common among languages spoken in Africa, whereas others are less common. Such shared traits probably are not due to a common origin of all African languages. Instead, some may be due to language contact (resulting in borrowing) and specific idioms and phrases may be due to a similar cultural background.
Phonological
Some widespread phonetic features include:
certain types of consonants, such as implosives (), ejectives (), the labiodental flap and in southern Africa, clicks (, ). True implosives are rare outside Africa, and clicks and the flap almost unheard of.
doubly articulated labial-velar stops like and are found in places south of the Sahara.
prenasalized consonants, like and , are widespread in Africa but not common outside it.
sequences of stops and fricatives at the beginnings of words, such as , and .
nasal stops which only occur with nasal vowels, such as vs. (but both and ), especially in West Africa.
vowels contrasting an advanced or retracted tongue, commonly called "tense" and "lax".
simple tone systems which are used for grammatical purposes.
Sounds that are relatively uncommon in African languages include uvular consonants, diphthongs and front rounded vowels
Tonal languages are found throughout the world but are predominantly used in Africa. Both the Nilo-Saharan and the Khoi-San phyla are fully tonal. The large majority of the Niger–Congo languages are also tonal. Tonal languages are also found in the Omotic, Chadic and South & East Cushitic branches of Afroasiatic. The most common type of tonal system opposes two tone levels, High (H) and Low (L). Contour tones do occur, and can often be analysed as two or more tones in succession on a single syllable. Tone melodies play an important role, meaning that it is often possible to state significant generalizations by separating tone sequences ("melodies") from the segments that bear them. Tonal sandhi processes like tone spread, tone shift, downstep and downdrift are common in African languages.
Syntactic
Widespread syntactical structures include the common use of adjectival verbs and the expression of comparison by means of a verb 'to surpass'. The Niger–Congo languages have large numbers of genders (noun classes) which cause agreement in verbs and other words. Case, tense and other categories may be distinguished only by tone. Auxiliary verbs are also widespread among African languages; the fusing of subject markers and TAM/polarity auxiliaries into what are known as tense pronouns are more common in auxiliary verb constructions in African languages than in most other parts of the world.
Semantic
Quite often, only one term is used for both animal and meat; the word nama or nyama for animal/meat is particularly widespread in otherwise widely divergent African languages.
Demographics
The following is a table displaying the number of speakers of given languages within Africa:
By region
Below is a list of the major languages of Africa by region, family and total number of primary language speakers in millions.
See also
General
Writing systems of Africa
Journal of West African Languages
List of extinct languages of Africa
Works
Polyglotta Africana
The Languages of Africa
Classifiers
Karl Lepsius
Lionel Bender
Wilhelm Bleek
Christopher Ehret
Carl Meinhof
Diedrich Westermann
Joseph Greenberg
Colonial and migratory influences
Arabization
Asian Africans
Dutch Language Union
French West Africa
German colonization of Africa
Islamization of Egypt
Italian East Africa — including Italian Ethiopia
Italian North Africa
North African Arabs
Maghrebi Arabic — via Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
Portuguese language in Africa — predominant in Portuguese-speaking African countries
Spanish Guinea — presently Equatorial Guinea
Spanish West Africa
Spanish North Africa
West African Pidgin English
White Africans of European ancestry
Notes
References
Childs, G. Tucker (2003). An Introduction to African Languages. Amsterdam: John Benjamin.
Chimhundu, Herbert (2002). Language Policies in Africa. (Final report of the Intergovernmental Conference on Language Policies in Africa.) Revised version. UNESCO.
Cust, Robert Needham (1883). Modern Languages of Africa.
Ellis, Stephen (ed.) (1996). Africa Now: People – Policies – Institutions. The Hague: Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DGIS).
Elugbe, Ben (1998) "Cross-border and major languages of Africa." In K. Legère (editor), Cross-border Languages: Reports and Studies, Regional Workshop on Cross-Border Languages, National Institute for Educational Development (NIED), Okahandja, 23–27 September 1996. Windhoek: Gamsberg Macmillan.
Ethnologue.com's Africa: A listing of African languages and language families.
Greenberg, Joseph H. (1983). 'Some areal characteristics of African languages.' In Ivan R. Dihoff (editor), Current Approaches to African Linguistics, Vol. 1 (Publications in African Languages and Linguistics, Vol. 1), Dordrecht: Foris, 3–21.
Greenberg, Joseph H. (1966). The Languages of Africa (2nd edition with additions and corrections). Bloomington: Indiana University.
Heine, Bernd and Derek Nurse (editors) (2000). African Languages: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Webb, Vic and Kembo-Sure (editors) (1998). African Voices: An Introduction to the Languages and Linguistics of Africa. Cape Town: Oxford University Press Southern Africa.
Westphal, E.O.J. (1963). The Linguistic Prehistory of Southern Africa: Bush, Kwadi, Hottentot, and Bantu Linguistic Relationships. Africa, 33(3), 237–265.
External links
one of the largest online resources for African languages at Mofeko
African language resources for children
Web resources for African languages
Linguistic maps of Africa from Muturzikin.com
Online Dictionaries, e-books and other online fulltexts in or on African languages |
The discography of the English alternative rock trio Doves comprises five studio albums, sixteen singles, and seven EPs, as well as a best-of compilation album, a B-sides compilation, and a full-length DVD compilation. After self-releasing their first three EPs on Casino Records, the band signed to Heavenly Recordings and released their debut album Lost Souls in April 2000. The album reached number 16 on the UK Albums Chart, and has since been certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry. Their second album The Last Broadcast was even more successful upon its release in April 2002, reaching number 1 on the charts and yielding the band's highest-charting single to date, "There Goes the Fear", which peaked at number 3 on the UK Singles Chart. The album has also been certified platinum by the BPI. In February 2005, Doves released their third studio album Some Cities, which again topped the albums chart at number 1, and produced the hit single "Black and White Town", which charted at number 6, and the minor hit "Snowden", which peaked at number 17.
Following worldwide tours throughout 2005, the band took a break, which saw singer/bassist Jimi Goodwin providing drums on the songs "Mathematics" and "People Help the People" by Bolton-based indie pop band Cherry Ghost, and drummer Andy Williams becoming a father for the first time in September 2007. The band reconvened and began recording throughout 2007 and 2008. Their anticipated fourth album Kingdom of Rust was released in April 2009, peaking at number 2 on the albums chart. The album yielded two singles: "Kingdom of Rust" and "Winter Hill", the latter of which marked the first time a single by the band did not enter the top 100 of the Singles Chart. Worldwide tours coincided with the releases, including an appearance at the BBC Electric Proms festival accompanied by the London Bulgarian Choir in October 2009.
A best–of compilation, entitled The Places Between: The Best of Doves, was released in April 2010 and peaked at number 12 on the albums chart. The single "Andalucia" preceded the album in March 2010.
Following the release of The Places Between, Doves announced they would be taking an indefinite hiatus, during which time Jimi Goodwin released his debut solo album Odludek and the Williams brothers regrouped as Black Rivers and released an eponymous album. Then, in 2019, Doves reunited for a special charity gig, whereupon rumours of the band recording new material began to circulate. On 18 June 2020, the band released their first music in ten years with a song titled "Carousels". Another track, "Prisoners", followed one month later. Simultaneously, the band announced their fifth studio album, The Universal Want, which was released on 11 September 2020, with third single "Cathedrals of the Mind" preceding the album's release on 27 August 2020. The Universal Want became the band's third album to top the UK Albums Chart at number 1.
Studio albums
Notes
Compilation albums
Extended plays
Singles
Notes
Promo-only singles and special releases
Notes
A ^ "Spaceface" (Live at the Eden Sessions) was issued as a promo-only CD prior to the release of Where We're Calling From and was not given a commercial release.
B ^ "Black Circus of Prague" and "Black and White Town" (David Holmes Remix) were issued on a limited edition promo-only 7" single prior to the release of the "Snowden" single.
C ^ Instrumental versions of all 11 tracks on Kingdom of Rust; released exclusively as a digital download.
D ^ "House of Mirrors" was canceled as the album's third single.
E ^ Aeroplane's remix of "Brazil" was rumoured to be the B-side of the "House of Mirrors" single.
Live albums
Doves performed live at The Eden Sessions on 2 July 2010. The set was recorded and burned to CD-R, and made available for sale on Doves' official website as a digital download or limited edition 2CD-R set shortly thereafter.
Live at The Eden Sessions 2 July 2010
DVDs
"Pounding" (22 July 2002) - DVD single
Where We're Calling From (29 September 2003) - full length DVD
Some Cities (21 February 2005) (special edition version of album with extra video documentary) - DVD
"Sky Starts Falling" (12 September 2005) - DVD single
Kingdom of Rust (6 April 2009) (video documentary on the making of the album; also includes "House of Mirrors" music video) - exclusive to NME.com
The Places Between: The Best of Doves (5 April 2010) (deluxe edition includes a bonus DVD featuring all 13 of the band's music videos from 1998 to 2009)
Music videos
B-sides
Lost Souls B-sides
"Zither"
"Break Me Gently" (Incidental)
"Darker"
"Meet Me at the Pier"
"Acoustic No.1"
"Karen"
"Valley"
"Down to Sea" (demo of "Sea Song")
"Crunch"
"Lost in Watts"
"Rise" (Live Triple J at The Wireless)
"Suitenoise"
"Your Shadow Lay Across My Life"
"Firesuite" (Noise Version)
The Last Broadcast B-sides
"Hit the Ground Running"
"Here It Comes" (Live Triple J at The Wireless)
"The Cedar Room" (Live Triple J at The Wireless)
"Far from Grace"
"Northenden"
"Willow's Song" (edit)
"Willow's Song" (full length version)
"M62 Song" (Four Tet Remix)
"Satellites" (Soulsavers Remix)
"The Sulphur Man" (Rebelski Remix)
"Where We're Calling From" (Kieran Hebden Bridge Remix)
Some Cities B-sides
"45"
"At the Tower"
"Eleven Miles Out"
"Black Circus of Prague"
"Son of a Builder"
"Black and White Town" (David Holmes Remix)
"Almost Forgot Myself" (Doves vs. 69Corp Mix)
"Some Cities" (Echoboy Remix)
"The Storm" (Rebelski Remix)
"Some Cities" (Love Will Never Sever Mix by Echoboy)
Kingdom of Rust B-sides
"Push Me On"
"Ship of Fools"
"The Last Son"
"Brazil"
"Kingdom of Rust" (Acoustic)
"Winter Hill" (Acoustic)
"Jetstream" (Acoustic)
"Birds Flew Backwards" (Alternative Version)
"Birds Flew Backwards" (Chris Watson Version)
Remixes
"Kingdom of Rust" (Prins Thomas Diskomiks)
"Kingdom of Rust" (Prins Thomas Diskomiks Instrumental)
"Kingdom of Rust" (Still Going Remix)
"Kingdom of Rust" (Still Going Instrumental)
"Push Me On" (Playgroup Megamix Edit)
"Push Me On" (Playgroup Megamix)
"Push Me On" (Playgroup Megadub)
"Push Me On" (The Glimmers Remix)
"Jetstream" (Sasha Remix)
"Jetstream" (Sasha Subdub)
"Jetstream" (Lindstrøm Remix)
"Jetstream" (The Time & Space Machine Remix)
"Compulsion" (Andrew Weatherall Remix)
"Brazil" (Aeroplane Remix)
Songs on various artists compilations
"Blackbird" (The Beatles cover) - from Roswell - Original Television Soundtrack (2002), for the US TV series.
"Willow's Song" - from The Acoustic Album (2006, Virgin Records).
"There Goes the Fear" (live from Glastonbury 2003) - from the "Q Live from Glastonbury" 14-track compilation, a free give-away CD with the July 2007 edition of Q magazine.
"There Goes the Fear" - from (500) Days of Summer original motion picture soundtrack (2009).
Sub Sub discography
Albums
Full Fathom Five (Rob's Records, ROB 30, 5 September 1994)
Delta Tapes (Compilation; Cortex Records, 23 February 1998)
Singles & EPs
"Space Face" (Ten Records, January 1992)
Coast EP (Rob's Records, ROB 7; June 1992)
"Ain't No Love (Ain't No Use)" (featuring Melanie Williams) (Rob's Records, ROB 9; 29 March 1993)
"Respect" (featuring Nina Henchion) (Rob's Records, ROB 19; 7 February 1994)
"Angel" (featuring Nina Henchion) (Rob's Records, ROB 29; 15 August 1994)
"Southern Trees" (featuring Gill Jackson) (Rob's Records, ROB 39; 23 January 1995)
"Smoking Beagles" (featuring Tricky) (Rob's Records, ROB 51; 16 December 1996)
"This Time I'm Not Wrong" (featuring Bernard Sumner) (Rob's Records, ROB 53; 25 August 1997)
Solo releases
Jimi Goodwin
Odludek (Heavenly, 24 March 2014)
Black Rivers (Jez and Andy Williams)
Black Rivers (Ignition Records, 9 February 2015)
Martin Rebelski
Thanks for Your Thoughts (Heavenly, 3 March 2003)
Stickers on Keys (Heavenly, 29 November 2004)
External links
Doves discography at Discogs.com
Sub Sub discography at Discogs.com
Accurate and up to date info finding Sub Sub's "Delta Tapes" on CD
References
Discographies of British artists
Rock music group discographies |
There are nine historic districts in Meridian, Mississippi. Each of these districts is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. One district, Meridian Downtown Historic District, is a combination of two older districts, Meridian Urban Center Historic District and Union Station Historic District. Many architectural styles are present in the districts, most from the late 19th century and early 20th century, including Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, Italianate, Art Deco, Late Victorian, and Bungalow.
East End Historic District
East End Historic District is roughly bounded by 18th St on the north, 11th Ave on the east, 14th St on the south, and 17th Ave on the west. A semi-triangular shaped section extends from the southern edge roughly occupying the area between 16th and 14th Avenues. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 21, 1987. The district's significance lies in its large collection of Queen Anne–style and Colonial Revival–style cottages built between 1890 and 1910 during Meridian's "Golden Age." Sixty percent of the buildings in the district are from this time period, representing Meridian's rapid eastward growth along the railroad lines after the American Civil War. This growth was made possible by the development of transportation, industrial, and commercial sectors of the city's economy.
Richard McLemore, one of the founders of the city, built his first cabin just outside the district and claimed much of the area in the district to be part of his cotton plantation. In 1839 he established a cemetery (now listed on the National Register of Historic Places as McLemore Cemetery), which is Meridian's earliest remaining historic site. In 1853 Lewis Ragsdale, another one of Meridian's founders, purchased much of McLemore's plantation and subdivided it, giving rise to the many residences in this district. Because of textile and planing businesses located along a streetcar line, 16th Ave became a major north–south route through the city and was the first street in the city to be paved.
Structures identified as pivotal to the nature of the district include:
1512 14th Avenue – One-story Queen Anne–style wooden residence.
1513 14th Avenue – -story Gothic Revival–style wooden residence.
Highlands Historic District
Highlands Historic District (also called Red Line) is roughly bounded by 19th St on the north, 34th Ave on the east, 9th St on the south, and 36th Ave on the west. The area was originally known as Missouri Ridge because Union soldiers, primarily from Missouri, camped in the area and were engaged in the Battle of Meridian during the Civil War. The district grew from the introduction of Meridian's light rail streetcar system in 1883. The particular streetcar line servicing the area was known as the "Red Line"; the area shares that name as well. The rail line it began on 8th Street, continued up 34th Avenue, then turned west between 19th and 20th Streets and continued into Highland Park, just outside the western boundary of the district. The streetcar line provided transportation in and to the area that allowed it to develop. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 21, 1987.
The district is overwhelmingly residential, with over 90% of its structures being homes; the exceptions are 3 churches, a daycare center and a convenience store. A typical residence in the district is an early 20th-century cottage with an independently roofed porch. Most buildings in the district were built just after the turn of the 20th century, but building dates range from the late 1890s to the early 1930s. Architectural styles of the cottages include Queen Anne, Eastlake, and Colonial Revival. Some of the buildings' porches were remodelled in the 1920s using American Craftsman architecture.
Buildings identified as pivotal to the nature of the district include:
1803 35th Ave – Two-story Queen Anne style wooden residence.
3504 16th St – One-story Queen Anne style wooden residence.
Meridian Downtown Historic District
Meridian Downtown Historic District runs from the former Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad tracks north to 6th St between 18th and 26th Avenues, excluding Ragsdale Survey Block 71 on the northeastern tip of the district. The district was created in 2005 to combine two older districts, Meridian Urban Center Historic District and Union Station Historic District. Meridian's city council voted to combine these two districts and the nine blocks between them into one large district, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 16, 2007.
Meridian's downtown was originally divided into a central business district and an industrial zone. The business district made up much of the old Urban Center Historic District, while Union Station Historic District was the industrial zone. The buildings in downtown Meridian represent almost then entire history of the city, ranging from around 1870 to the mid-1950s. The buildings are associated with periods of economic growth, including Meridian's urban emergence in the 1880s, a transportation boom with the building of Union Station in 1906, industrial growth in 1913, struggles during the Great Depression, and transportation, industrial, and commercial maintenance in the 1940s and 1950s. Architectural styles in the district include Italianate, Spanish Colonial Revival, Romanesque, Art Deco, and Commercial minimalist architecture.
The western part of the district, centered on the intersection of 25th Ave and 4th and 5th Streets, has a close connection to the African-American community in the city. Important African-American commercial landmarks include the E. F. Young Hotel and the Fielder and Brooks Drug Store, inside which a COFO office was located during the American Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s.
Contributing properties to this district which are also listed on the National Register include:
Union Hotel (2000 Front St)
Alex Loeb Building (2115 5th St)
Grand Opera House (2208 5th St)
Lamar Hotel (410 21st St)
Threefoot Building (601 22nd Ave)
Notable contributing properties not previously listed in either of the constituent districts include:
Soulé Steam Feed Works Machine Shop Annex (1804 4th St)
Vise Clinic (2120 4th St)
Ulmer Building (1906 5th St)
Lauderdale County Courthouse (500 21st Ave)
Doughboy Monument (Intersection of 23rd Ave and 6th St)
Meridian Urban Center Historic District
The former Meridian Urban Center Historic District encompassed the area between 21st and 25th Aves, stretching from the railroad tracks north to 6th St. In 1872, 25th Avenue was the principal north–south axis in Meridian, and the streets running parallel to the tracks (Front, 4th, and 5th streets) were just beginning to develop around the new railroads. Commercial success built on railroading resulted in a large range of late 19th and early 20th Century architectural styles from Italianate row buildings to an Art Deco skyscraper known as the Threefoot Building. The district was originally added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 18, 1979, and was later combined with Union Station Historic District in 2005 to become Meridian Downtown Historic District.
Notable contributing properties include:
Hotel Meridian (2119 Front St)
Weidmann's Restaurant (108–210 22nd Ave)
Masonic Temple Building (2215–2225 4th St)
Rosenbaum Building (2213–2219 5th St)
Kress Building (2214 5th St)
E.F. Young Hotel (500 25th Ave)
Union Station Historic District
The former Union Station Historic District, originally added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 18, 1979, as "Meridian Depot District," occupied the area between 18th and 19th Avenues, stretching from the railroad north to 5th St. Just over a block east of the Meridian Urban Center Historic District, the district covers an area of .
In 1885, Meridian was the junction of five railroads, with three others considering coming into the city. From then to 1905, this area was primarily residential, with a small industrial complex developing around the railroads. The construction of Union Station in 1905–1906 led to the development of this area in business and industry. Much of Union Station was demolished in 1966, but a small portion continued to serve as a passenger station.
The name change occurred in 2000, after the demolished section of Union Station was rebuilt in 1996 as the Union Station Multi-Modal Transportation Facility. Another name change occurred in 2005 when the district was combined with Urban Center Historic District to become Meridian Downtown Historic District.
Notable contributing properties include:
Elmira Hotel (1804 Front St)
Union Station (1805 Front St)
Terminal Hotel (1902 Front St)
Soulé Steam Feed Works (1806–1808 4th St and 1803–1809 5th St)
Cliff Williams Machine Shop/General Supply Store (208–210 19th Ave)
Merrehope Historic District
Merrehope Historic District is an irregular shape, roughly bounded by 14th St to the north, 26th Ave to the east, 8th St to the south, and 30th Ave to the west. An additional section extends from the western edge between 8th and 10th streets and terminates at 33rd Ave. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 19, 1988. Architecture in the district ranges from the late 1880s to about 1940, representing Meridian's Golden Age and focusing on the African-American community of the time.
The district was originally subdivided around 1853 by city founder John T. Ball, but started developing after the American Civil War. Following the war, Meridian's economy boomed through railroading, logging and textile enterprises. As Meridian began to grow northward, so did the need for housing. This housing development was made possible by the Meridian streetcar system established in 1883, which had a station adjacent to the Merrehope district on 10th Street and lines running along
8th Street and 29th Avenue. Until a few years before then, most of the city's residents lived downtown close to their workplaces. With the streetcar system up and running, workers could now relocate to the outskirts of the city and commute to work. The 1907 Illustrated Handbook of Meridian, Mississippi describes the relocation as "a wonderful spreading out of hundreds of families who had for years remained in cramped quarters in the congested section of the city."
Much of the district, especially the northern part, was inhabited by middle-class blacks during its peak. In 1908 blacks owned more than fifty businesses in the city, and many were lawyers, doctors, teachers and nurses. Many of these lived in Merrehope District. The district's strong ties to the black community are exemplified in its institutions. A black fire company was located at 9th St and 27th Ave from 1884 to 1903, and two black churches, First Baptist Church and St. Paul United Methodist Church, were built in the district in the late 19th century. The Carnegie library built for African Americans in the city was the only Carnegie library for blacks in the entire country. The Masonic Temple, built in 1903, was owned jointly by three black fraternal lodges and stood as a tribute to the business capacity and enterprise of the black community.
The district is home to five buildings listed on the National Register separately:
Elson-Dudley House (1101 29th Ave)
Masonic Temple (1220 26th Ave)
Dial House (1003 30th Ave)
Merrehope Historical Home (905 31st Ave)
Carnegie Branch Library (2721 13th St)
Structures still standing that are identified as pivotal to the nature of the district include:
3010 9th St – Two-story Mediterranean style wooden residence with pyramidal roof. The house was built in 1915 by M. R. Grant, who helped establish the Marion Park neighborhood.
3020 9th St – Two-story Queen Anne–style residence.
2702 10th St – One-story Queen Anne–style cottage.
2702 11th St – One-story Queen Anne–style residence.
1215 26th Ave – Queen Anne–style cottage built during the 1890s.
Meridian School of Music (815 28th Ave) – Two-story Mediterranean-style building built in 1909. The school was the first chartered music school in the state.
1121 29th Ave – Two-story Queen Anne–style cottage built during the 1880s.
Frank W. Williams Home (905 31st Ave) – located on the same lot as Merrehope. Built in 1886, the home is an example of Queen Anne style architecture with stained glass, oak paneling, parquet floors, and detailed gingerbread. Many original features and antique furnishings are still in the home. The house was designated a Mississippi Landmark on June 14, 1995.
Mid-Town Historic District
Mid-Town Historic District is roughly bounded by 22nd St on the north, 23rd Ave on the east, 15th St on the south, and 28th Ave on the west. It contains a collection of architectural and historically important 20th Century residences representing the houses of Meridian's wealthy industrialists, professionals, and merchants, as well as the working class associated with Meridian's Golden Age, when the city was the center of Mississippi's railroad economy. Because of this historic architecture, the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 21, 1987.
Ninety percent of the buildings in the district were built between 1900 and 1930, most of them in the Bungalow style. The district has a large percentage of brick structures, built as an alternative to the wooden frame residences made popular by the lumber industry and mills in Meridian. 23rd and 24th Aves were main routes connecting downtown with the northern part of the city through Poplar Springs Drive, making these avenues attractive to builders.
Structures listed as pivotal to the nature of the district include:
1600 24th Ave – -story Colonial Revival residence.
Poplar Springs Road Historic District
Poplar Springs Road Historic District is roughly bounded by 29th St on the north, 23rd Ave on the east, 22nd St on the south, and 29th Ave on the east. The district, added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 21, 1987, is a collection of residences representing the prosperity of Meridian at the turn of the 20th century and pre-Depression era.
Before Poplar Springs Road (now Poplar Springs Drive) was a street, it was a cattle trail. Around the turn of the 20th century there was a spring north of Meridian, and cattle would travel on the path that is now Poplar Springs Drive to get to the spring. This is the reason that the street doesn't follow the same layout pattern as the rest of the city; the cattle's path gives the street its curvy shape.
In 1905, local lumberman M. R. Grant laid out a plan of irregular side streets and lots along Poplar Springs Road and named it Marion Park, after his daughter. One of the city's first hospitals, Matty Hersee, was located in the park, having been built in 1903. The hospital was moved from the district in 1923, and the original building has since been demolished. Marion Park School was built in 1923 and was later expanded to become the current Meridian High School, the primary school in the Meridian Public School District.
Because of this new residential area, many people started moving north and building the structures that still contribute to the district today. As the area developed, a streetcar brought passengers from downtown Meridian to the Poplar Springs area. The old streetcar stop is marked by a banner. Hundreds of shade trees were planted and still contribute to the streetscape of the district.
Structures listed as pivotal to the nature of the district include:
2209 Poplar Springs Rd – One-story Craftsman Bungalow.
2219 Poplar Springs Rd – -story Queen Anne style cottage.
2223 Poplar Springs Rd – -story Queen Anne/Colonial Revival residence.
2405 Poplar Springs Rd – -story Tudor Revival residence.
2407 Poplar Springs Rd – Two-story Mission Revival–style residence.
2828 Poplar Springs Rd – Two-story Mission Revival–style residence.
West End Historic District
West End Historic District is roughly bounded by 7th St to the north, 28th Ave to the east, 5th St to the south, and Shearer's Branch, a small creek in the city, to the west. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 21, 1987. With architecture spanning from 1870 to 1936, the district represents the rise of Meridian from its destruction during the American Civil War to the position of Mississippi's largest city. The steady growth of Meridian's economy during this time made possible the expansion of this district.
The history of the district can be traced from Meridian's earliest days, but its significance lies in its large collection of residences dating from 1890 to 1910. Continuous streetscapes of historic buildings built during this time period can be found throughout the district. A typical residence in the city is a Queen Anne cottage with a steep roof line and a porch that has been remodelled in the Craftsman style. Two of the oldest residences in Meridian are in this district, a Greek Revival mansion located at 2721 7th St that was built around 1870 and an Italianate building at 2907 7th St built in 1876.
West End developed as lumbermen, industrial laborers, and railroaders moved west as the city grew. Many of these settlers were Irish Catholics from a small community called Paulding, which was annexed as the city limits expanded. The area was locally called "Irish Alley" and was served by St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church along with a Catholic convent that has since been demolished.
Structures still standing that are listed as pivotal to the nature of the district include:
2907 7th St – Two-story Italianate building.
See also
History of Meridian, Mississippi
National Register of Historic Places listings in Lauderdale County, Mississippi
References
Meridian, Mississippi
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Mississippi
Historic districts in Mississippi
Buildings and structures in Meridian, Mississippi
Mississippi Landmarks
National Register of Historic Places in Lauderdale County, Mississippi
Tourist attractions in Meridian, Mississippi |
The 1983–84 Sporting de Gijón season was the 23rd season of the club in La Liga, the 9th consecutive after its last promotion.
Squad
Competitions
La Liga
Results by round
League table
Matches
Copa del Rey
Matches
Copa de la Liga
Matches
Squad statistics
Appearances and goals
|}
References
External links
Profile at BDFutbol
Official website
Sporting de Gijón seasons
Sporting de Gijon |
```go
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package riff
import (
"bytes"
"testing"
)
func encodeU32(u uint32) []byte {
return []byte{
byte(u >> 0),
byte(u >> 8),
byte(u >> 16),
byte(u >> 24),
}
}
func TestShortChunks(t *testing.T) {
// s is a RIFF(ABCD) with allegedly 256 bytes of data (excluding the
// leading 8-byte "RIFF\x00\x01\x00\x00"). The first chunk of that ABCD
// list is an abcd chunk of length m followed by n zeroes.
for _, m := range []uint32{0, 8, 15, 200, 300} {
for _, n := range []int{0, 1, 2, 7} {
s := []byte("RIFF\x00\x01\x00\x00ABCDabcd")
s = append(s, encodeU32(m)...)
s = append(s, make([]byte, n)...)
_, r, err := NewReader(bytes.NewReader(s))
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("m=%d, n=%d: NewReader: %v", m, n, err)
continue
}
_, _, _, err0 := r.Next()
// The total "ABCD" list length is 256 bytes, of which the first 12
// bytes are "ABCDabcd" plus the 4-byte encoding of m. If the
// "abcd" subchunk length (m) plus those 12 bytes is greater than
// the total list length, we have an invalid RIFF, and we expect an
// errListSubchunkTooLong error.
if m+12 > 256 {
if err0 != errListSubchunkTooLong {
t.Errorf("m=%d, n=%d: Next #0: got %v, want %v", m, n, err0, errListSubchunkTooLong)
}
continue
}
// Otherwise, we expect a nil error.
if err0 != nil {
t.Errorf("m=%d, n=%d: Next #0: %v", m, n, err0)
continue
}
_, _, _, err1 := r.Next()
// If m > 0, then m > n, so that "abcd" subchunk doesn't have m
// bytes of data. If m == 0, then that "abcd" subchunk is OK in
// that it has 0 extra bytes of data, but the next subchunk (8 byte
// header plus body) is missing, as we only have n < 8 more bytes.
want := errShortChunkData
if m == 0 {
want = errShortChunkHeader
}
if err1 != want {
t.Errorf("m=%d, n=%d: Next #1: got %v, want %v", m, n, err1, want)
continue
}
}
}
}
``` |
Zarchi may refer to:
Zarchi, Iran, a village in Kerman Province, Iran
Meir Zarchi (b. 1937), Israeli film director
Nurit Zarchi (b. 1941), Israeli poet and author |
Lisa Paulette Michelson (March 31, 1958 – September 14, 1991) was an American voice actress. She was best known for providing the voices of Satsuki Kusakabe in the Streamline Pictures dub of My Neighbor Totoro and Kiki in the Streamline dub of Kiki's Delivery Service.
She also provided the voices for Rasa in The World of the Talisman, Addy in Zillion, the Android Girl in the "Presence" segment of Robot Carnival and additional voices in Fist of the North Star Movie.
She was sometimes credited as or Lisa Michaelson or Lisa Snegoff. She was married to Gregory Snegoff. Michelson died of injuries sustained in a car accident in Los Angeles, California on September 14, 1991. The end credits of the American localization of Robot Carnival are dedicated to her.
Filmography
My Neighbor Totoro (1988, Satsuki Kusakabe) (Streamline Pictures)
Kiki's Delivery Service (1989, Kiki) (Streamline Pictures)
"Mama's Family" (November 25, 1989 as Snake) in Ep. 120 "Bubba's House Band"
External links
Lisa Michelson at the CrystalAcids Anime Voice Actor Database
1958 births
1991 deaths
American voice actresses
Road incident deaths in California
20th-century American actresses |
In topology, a branch of mathematics, the ends of a topological space are, roughly speaking, the connected components of the "ideal boundary" of the space. That is, each end represents a topologically distinct way to move to infinity within the space. Adding a point at each end yields a compactification of the original space, known as the end compactification.
The notion of an end of a topological space was introduced by .
Definition
Let X be a topological space, and suppose that
is an ascending sequence of compact subsets of X whose interiors cover X. Then X has one end for every sequence
where each Un is a connected component of X \ Kn. The number of ends does not depend on the specific sequence {Ki} of compact sets; there is a natural bijection between the sets of ends associated with any two such sequences.
Using this definition, a neighborhood of an end {Ui} is an open set V such that V ⊇ Un for some n. Such neighborhoods represent the neighborhoods of the corresponding point at infinity in the end compactification (this "compactification" is not always compact; the topological space X has to be connected and locally connected).
The definition of ends given above applies only to spaces X that possess an exhaustion by compact sets (that is, X must be hemicompact). However, it can be generalized as follows: let X be any topological space, and consider the direct system {K} of compact subsets of X and inclusion maps. There is a corresponding inverse system { 0( X \ K ) }, where 0(Y) denotes the set of connected components of a space Y, and each inclusion map Y → Z induces a function 0(Y) → 0(Z). Then set of ends of X is defined to be the inverse limit of this inverse system.
Under this definition, the set of ends is a functor from the category of topological spaces, where morphisms are only proper continuous maps, to the category of sets. Explicitly, if φ : X → Y is a proper map and x = (xK)K is an end of X (i.e. each element xK in the family is a connected component of X ∖ K and they are compatible with maps induced by inclusions) then φ(x) is the family where ranges over compact subsets of Y and φ* is the map induced by φ from to . Properness of φ is used to ensure that each φ−1(K) is compact in X.
The original definition above represents the special case where the direct system of compact subsets has a cofinal sequence.
Examples
The set of ends of any compact space is the empty set.
The real line has two ends. For example, if we let Kn be the closed interval [−n, n], then the two ends are the sequences of open sets Un = (n, ∞) and Vn = (−∞, −n). These ends are usually referred to as "infinity" and "minus infinity", respectively.
If n > 1, then Euclidean space has only one end. This is because has only one unbounded component for any compact set K.
More generally, if M is a compact manifold with boundary, then the number of ends of the interior of M is equal to the number of connected components of the boundary of M.
The union of n distinct rays emanating from the origin in has n ends.
The infinite complete binary tree has uncountably many ends, corresponding to the uncountably many different descending paths starting at the root. (This can be seen by letting Kn be the complete binary tree of depth n.) These ends can be thought of as the "leaves" of the infinite tree. In the end compactification, the set of ends has the topology of a Cantor set.
Ends of graphs and groups
In infinite graph theory, an end is defined slightly differently, as an equivalence class of semi-infinite paths in the graph, or as a haven, a function mapping finite sets of vertices to connected components of their complements. However, for locally finite graphs (graphs in which each vertex has finite degree), the ends defined in this way correspond one-for-one with the ends of topological spaces defined from the graph .
The ends of a finitely generated group are defined to be the ends of the corresponding Cayley graph; this definition is insensitive to the choice of generating set. Every finitely-generated infinite group has either 1, 2, or infinitely many ends, and Stallings theorem about ends of groups provides a decomposition for groups with more than one end.
Ends of a CW complex
For a path connected CW-complex, the ends can be characterized as homotopy classes of proper maps , called rays in X: more precisely, if between the restriction —to the subset — of any two of these maps exists a proper homotopy we say that they are equivalent and they define an equivalence class of proper rays. This set is called an end of X.
References
.
Ross Geoghegan, Topological methods in group theory, GTM-243 (2008), Springer .
General topology
Properties of topological spaces
Compactification (mathematics) |
Great Sugar Loaf () at , is the 404th–highest peak in Ireland on the Arderin scale, however, being below 600 m it does not rank on the Vandeleur-Lynam or Hewitt scales. The mountain is in the far northeastern section of the Wicklow Mountains, in Ireland, and overlooks the village of Kilmacanogue. The profile of the mountain means it can be mistaken for a dormant volcano. It owes its distinctive shape, however, to the erosion-resistant metamorphosed deep-sea sedimentary deposit from which its quartzite composition was derived.
Naming
According to Irish academic Paul Tempan, the term "sugarloaf" is widely applied in Britain and Ireland to hills of conical form, in much the same way that the name pain de sucre is used in France. Tempan also notes that there is a widespread misconception that the term refers to a kind of bread, when it refers in fact to the stalagmite-like form in which sugar was sold up until the 19th-century, prior to the advent of granulated sugar. The traditional method for making a sugarloaf was complex, involving repeated purifications, moulding and a leaching process gradually to refine the mass of sugar, by ridding it of its associated molasses and eventually all trace of colour, leaving it a glistening white. This form of sugar is still used in the German alcoholic drink, Feuerzangenbowle.
Tempan notes that a 1935 article by Eoin MacNeill in the Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland (JRSAI), on placenames mentioned in the Togail Bruidne Dá Derga, suggested that could refer to "sheep of Cualu", but considered it unlikely.
Geography
The Great Sugar Loaf overlooks villages of Kilmacanogue and Delgany, and is just north of the Glen of the Downs. The mountain sits apart from the main nearby peaks of the Wicklow Mountains, such as Maulin and Djouce , and it is circled by roads on all sides.
The two small northern and southern shoulders of the Great Sugar Loaf are often confused as being the Little Sugar Loaf, however, this mountain lies to the east on the other side of the N11 road motorway at Kilmacanogue.
Though only in elevation, the Great Sugar Loaf's isolation from other hills gives it a large proportional prominence of , and qualifies it as a Marilyn. In addition, the steep slopes and volcanic appearance of the Great Sugar Loaf add to the distinctiveness of its profile.
Geology
The Great Sugar Loaf is composed of Cambrian Period quartzite bedrock (called the Bray Head Formation), in contrast to the rounded Wicklow Mountains to the west, which are mostly made of Devonian Period granite. The Great Sugar Loaf is also popularly mistaken for a dormant volcano, however, it is instead an erosion-resistant metamorphosed sedimentary deposit from the deep sea. Cambrian quartzite metamorphosed from sandstone at the bottom of deep oceans is extremely resistant to weathering.
The Kilmacanogue valley, which the Great Sugar Loaf overlooks, was part of a regional north-south subglacial meltwater drainage route that included the Scalp (to the north) and the Glen of the Downs (to the southeast).
Hill walking
The Great Sugar Loaf is popular with hill walkers given its proximity to Dublin, access from the N11 motorway, and relatively worn pathways that do not require full hiking boots or extensive navigation skills. In addition, the mountain also offers some mild scrambling up rocky gullies which adds to its appeal.
The easiest route is from the south, starting from an established large car-park () situated off the middle of the Red Lane road (also known as the L1031 road) that runs along the southern boundary of the mountain; the car-park is already at an elevation of circa , and thus the total climbing elevation required is only . The 3.5-kilometre route from the car-park to the summit and back takes between 1–1.5 hours, and includes a walk over flat moorland paths and a final scrambling ascent through some rocky gullies.
A longer route can be done from the east, starting from lower down at the Kilmacanogue GAA car-park (); this 5-kilometre route from the car-park to the summit and back takes 2–2.5 hours, and is mostly on moorland paths with some scree and gravel sections.
Bibliography
Gallery
See also
Wicklow Way
Wicklow Mountains
Lists of mountains in Ireland
List of mountains of the British Isles by height
List of Marilyns in the British Isles
References
External links
MountainViews: The Irish Mountain Website, Great Sugar Loaf
MountainViews: Irish Online Mountain Database
The Database of British and Irish Hills , the largest database of British Isles mountains ("DoBIH")
Hill Bagging UK & Ireland, the searchable interface for the DoBIH
Marilyns of Ireland
Mountains and hills of County Wicklow
Mountains under 1000 metres |
The Town is a 1903 oil painting by August Strindberg. It is shown at the Nationalmuseum in Stockholm.
Strindberg as a painter
August Strindberg had no training in art. He painted only in periods, mainly landscapes and seascapes with dramatic waves and skies. He painted choppy sea in the storm with seething waves, clouds of rebellion and burnings that whips against the rocky shores. His painting method remained personally improvised.
He painted mostly in periods of crisis, when he had difficulty writing. He did not have a breakthrough as a painter until long after his death. He has come to be regarded as a pioneer of expressionism as an art form in Sweden. In the 1870s he spent time with several young artists such as Carl Larsson and others in Grez-sur-Loing then himself began attempts in painting. He also worked as an art critic.
Painting
The Town is an oil painting made with a palette knife, with thick layers of paint laid on the canvas. It is a landscape painting, with a town in the distance, its tallest building reflected in the water's surface. The painting is dominated by the dark colors of the high sky and clouds, with a color scheme in white, black and gray, with the brightly lit town's trees depicted in green.
See also
List of paintings by August Strindberg
References
1903 paintings
Swedish paintings
Works by August Strindberg
Expressionist paintings
Paintings in the Nationalmuseum Stockholm
Water in art |
Csömör () is a village in the Gödöllő District in Pest county, Hungary. It lies in the Budapest metropolitan area, north of the 16th district of Budapest and west of Kistarcsa, on the western part of the Gödöllő hills, in the turning of the Csömör stream. It has a population of 9,971 (2020).
History
Ceramic pieces were found from the New Stone Age (3200–3000 BC) in the area of the Urasági-tag, the Bab-földek (bean fields) and the Rét-pótlék.
Ceramic pieces were found from the Bronze Age (1900–1800 BC) on the area of the Urasági-tag and the Szeder-völgyi-dűlő. On the 64 Erzsébet Street were found troves from the Vatyai Culture (1700–1400 BC).
A Celtic cemetery was dug out behind the strand, which is from the Iron Age (380–300 BC). Between the troves there are bracelets, fibulas, chiffons, a scabbard with sword, and chain.
During the third and the fourth century there was a Sarmatian village on the area of Csömör, both sides of the stream. During the explorations a Roman bowl (from the third century) and pottery were found.
Pieces of bowl were found on the area of the Réti-dűlős and Rétpótlék from the Avar age.
Ceramic pieces were found on the area of the Káposztáss and Réti-dűlős, that were made during the tenth and the eleventh century.
Memorial of communism's victims
In 2006 the Gloria Victis Memorial was created in honor of the casualties of universal communism: it is situated adjacent to the cemetery of the town.
Twin towns – sister cities
Csömör is twinned with:
Mojmírovce, Slovakia
Rimetea, Romania
References
External links
in Hungarian
Budapest metropolitan area
Populated places in Pest County |
Mount Passaconaway is a mountain in the Sandwich Range Wilderness of the White Mountain National Forest in Grafton County, New Hampshire, near Waterville Valley. It is named after Passaconaway, a 16th-century sachem of the Pennacook tribe, whose name was also attached to a small village in Albany, where the northern trailhead is now located.
It is ranked 42nd in elevation on the list of 48 White Mountains four-thousand footers. On the original 1931 list of 4000-footers, it was ranked 26th, with an elevation of , although the 1931 topographic map shows it as . The 1987 USGS topographic map indicates it is 4,043 feet, while the elevation recorded in the USGS Geographic Names Information System is .
The thickly wooded, unmarked summit may be approached from trailheads to the north (on the Kancamagus Highway) or from Wonalancet to the south.
Passaconaway was originally named "North Whiteface" by Arnold Guyot, who probably was the first white person to ascend it. State geologist Charles Henry Hitchcock gave it its present name in honor of Passaconaway, a Pennacook chieftain. Passaconaway's children, Wonalancet and Nanomocomuck, have their names memorialized by the spurs of the mountain.
History
In the 1700s, Old Mast Road was cut to haul white pine trees for the Royal Navy.
In 1890, a landslide scarred much of the northwest face of the mountain. This was converted to the Downes Brook Slide Trail.
In 1891, Kate Sleeper opened an inn near the base, and the region grew in popularity. Local residents carved out Dicey's Mill Trail. The "Passaconaway Lodge" was built on the southeast aspect of the mountain.
In 1899, the Appalachian Mountain Club cut the Passaconaway Loop, making possible a loop over the summit.
In 1914, the forest in the glacial valley below the mountain, named The Bowl, was added to the WMNF to prevent logging.
In 1948, Passaconaway Lodge was renamed Camp Rich. The structure was rebuilt in 1925 and 1953.
In 1984, the Sandwich Range Wilderness was established, including most of Passaconaway.
In 2000, Camp Rich collapsed and was removed, consistent with Wilderness regulations.
In 2006, the Sandwich Range Wilderness was expanded to include all of Passaconaway.
See also
Defunct placenames of New Hampshire
References
Smith, Stephen; Dickerman, Mike (2001). The 4,000 Footers of the White Mountains. Littleton: Bondcliff Books. .
USGS Topographic map, Chocorua Quadrangle, 1931, northeast segment, viewed at UNH historic map collection
External links
Mt. Passaconaway - FranklinSites.com Hiking Guide
Passaconaway - NHMountainHiking.com
AMC: Mount Passaconway
Mountains of Grafton County, New Hampshire
Mountains of New Hampshire
New England Four-thousand footers
New Hampshire placenames of Native American origin |
Fortuneleptura cameneni is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Villiers in 1979.
References
Lepturinae
Beetles described in 1979 |
Michele Wiles is an American ballet dancer. She was a principal dancer with American Ballet Theatre from 2005 - 2011. In 2011, she left ABT to form the independent classical ballet company Ballet Next with former New York City Ballet principal dancer Charles Askegard.
Biography
Wiles was born May 7, 1980. She began studying ballet in Washington, D.C. where, at the age of ten, she received a full scholarship to the Kirov Academy of Ballet. She studied at the Kirov from 1991 to 1997, during which time she also participated in summer programs at the Joffrey Ballet and The Royal Ballet. Michele joined American Ballet Theatre's Studio Company in 1997.
In 1996, Michele was a Gold Medal winner at the 18th International Ballet Competition in Varna, a Bronze Medal winner in Nagoya, Japan and a finalist at the Paris International Dance Competition. She was a Princess Grace Foundation – U.S.A. Dance Fellowship recipient for 1999–2000 and won the Erik Bruhn Prize in 2002. (See also: Erik Bruhn)
Michele joined American Ballet Theatre in 1998. She became a Soloist in 2000 and was promoted to Principal Dancer in 2005. She created leading roles in Concerto No. 1 for Piano and Orchestra, Gong and Within You Without You: A Tribute to George Harrison.
Ballet Next
Wiles and Charles Askegard founded the Ballet Next company which had its premiere at the Joyce Theater on Monday, November 21, 2011.
References
Common misspellings:
The name Michele Wiles may be misspelled in some contexts. "Michele" is frequently incorrectly shown as "Michelle" and "Wiles" is sometimes seen, also incorrectly, as "Wyles".
External links
Ballet Next
Cupcakes & Conversation with Michele Wiles. Ballet News. April 21, 2011.
American Ballet Theatre principal dancers
American ballerinas
Entertainers from Baltimore
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Princess Grace Awards winners |
Raymond Seopa (born 14 April 1975, in South Africa) is a South African professional footballer, who last played for South African Premier Division club Supersport United as a forward.
References
1975 births
Living people
Men's association football forwards
South African men's soccer players
SuperSport United F.C. players |
Parectopa bumeliella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Kentucky and Arkansas in the United States. It was described by Annette Frances Braun in 1939.
The host plants for the species include Sideroxylon lanuginosum and Sideroxylon lycioides. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
References
Gracillariinae
Taxa named by Annette Frances Braun
Moths described in 1939
Lepidoptera of the United States
Leaf miners |
The Battle of Nahavand ( , ), also spelled Nihavand or Nahawand, was fought in 642 between the Rashidun Muslim forces under caliph Umar and Sasanian Persian armies under King Yazdegerd III. Yazdegerd escaped to the Merv area, but was unable to raise another substantial army. It was a victory for the Rashidun Caliphate and the Persians consequently lost the surrounding cities including Spahan (Isfahan).
The former Sassanid provinces, in alliance with Parthian and White Hun nobles, resisted for about a century in the region south of the Caspian Sea, even as the Rashidun Caliphate was replaced by the Umayyads, thus perpetuating the Sassanid court styles, Zoroastrian religion, and Persian language.
Background
At the time of the death of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad in 632, the religion that he led dominated the Hejaz (western Arabia). Under the first two caliphs Abu Bakr and Umar, Islam expanded into Palestine and Mesopotamia where it respectively confronted the East Roman and Persian (Sāsānian) empires. Both were exhausted by warfare and internal dissent. With the East Roman defeat at the Battle of Yarmouk (636), the Muslim Arabs were free to turn east to the Euphrates and the Persian heartland. In November 636 a Sāsānian army was defeated at the Battle of Qadisiya, resulting in the loss of Iraq to the Muslims.
Number of Arabs and Sasanian forces
Following defeat by the Arabs in 639, the "King of Kings" Yazdgerd III was forced to abandon his capital at Ctesiphon. From Mesopotamia, he withdrew into the Sāsānian homeland in what is now the southern plateau of Iran. There he was able to assemble an army to replace that lost at Qadisiya.
At Nahāvand, an estimated 30,000 Arab warriors under the command of Nuʿmān attacked a Sāsānian army reportedly of ca. 100,000 men. According to Peter Crawford, the forces that gathered there is variously recorded as anything from 50,000 to 100,000. Mostly farmers and villagers, not veteran soldiers. The Sāsānian troops, commanded by Fīrūzan, were entrenched in a strong fortified position. After an indecisive skirmish, Nuʿmān pretended to be defeated and withdrew from the battlefield. Fīrūzan then abandoned his position and pursued his foe. The pursuit proved to be a major tactical error because the Sāsānians were forced to fight on unfavourable ground; the Sāsānian army, caught between two mountain defiles, bravely fought for two days and three nights, after heavy casualties by both sides, Iranians were defeated by the Arabs. Both Nuʿmān and Fīrūzan died in the battle.
Battle
Various accounts are told about Nahāvand and the early stages of the battle. According to some versions the Persian cavalry mounted an ill-prepared pursuit of the Arabs who retreated to a more secure location. The Arabs then rallied, before surrounding and trapping the Persian force. Finally the Muslim warriors assaulted the Sāsānian host from all sides and defeated it.
According to a different version, the Arab commander Nuʿmān was able to outmaneuver his Sāsānian counterpart Fīrūzan through the use of superior tactics rather than misleading rumors. The numerically superior Persians had been deployed in a strong defensive position. This would not normally have been a strategy favored by the loosely disciplined Sāsānian forces; drawn from decentralized sources and led by an alliance of feudal nobles. Nuʿmān was accordingly able to draw out the Persians from their vantage point by skirmishing advances and then a general but cohesive retreat. During the Sāsānian pursuit Fīrūzan found his horsemen caught in extended order across a rough landscape and narrow passes. The highly motivated and well-mounted Muslims then rallied and counterattacked, inflicting very heavy losses on the disorganized Persians. Both Nuʿmān and Fīrūzan were reportedly killed in the final melee but the Sāsānian defeat was total.
As the historian Tabari notes, the Persians were never again able to unite their forces in such numbers. Many of the Sāsānian nobles were already considering deserting the Empire even before the battle commenced. Many of Yazdegerd's military and civilian officials had already abandoned him.
Aftermath
Nahāvand marked the near dissolution of the Sasanian Imperial army, with the fall of the last of the grand marshals of the army and the rise of warlordism among the Persians. The Emperor Yazdegerd III attempted to raise troops by appealing to other neighbouring areas such as the princes of Tukharistan and Sogdia and eventually sent his son Peroz III to the Tang court, but without any success.
Yazdegerd hurriedly fled towards the east where he was ill-received by several Marzban (provincial governors) in the north; as well as in Merv, where the governor Mahoye openly showed his hostility to the Emperor. According to non-Muslim sources, Yazdegerd failed to rally enough support in Eastern Persia where the Sasanians were unpopular with the local population. Muslim sources, such as Tabari, reported that the province of Khorasan revolted against Sasanian rule, just as it had years earlier when the population had sided with Khosrau II's uncle Vistahm. When Yazdegerd was crowned in Estakhr, Persia had in fact three Kings ruling in different regions and Khorasan had not initially given support to Yazdegerd.
Before Yazdegerd had a chance to receive help from the Hepthalites and Turkish tribes, he was assassinated by a local miller in Merv in 651. Thereafter, Yazdegerd's son Peroz attempted to re-establish the Sasanian empire against the Rashidun Caliphate and its successor, the Umayyad Caliphate, though the plan did not develop, as Peroz ultimately died in China.
Impact
On the long-term impact of this battle, Sir Muhammad Iqbal wrote: "If you ask me what is the most important event in the history of Islam, I shall say without any hesitation: “The Conquest of Persia.” The battle of Nehawand gave the Arabs not only a beautiful country, but also an ancient civilization; or, more properly, a people who could make a new civilisation with the Semitic and Aryan material. Our Muslim civilisation is a product of the cross-fertilization of the Semitic and the Aryan ideas. It is a child who inherits the softness and refinement of his Aryan mother, and the sterling character of his Semitic father. But for the conquest of Persia, the civilisation of Islam would have been one-sided. The conquest of Persia gave us what the conquest of Greece gave to the Romans."
References
Sources
Battles involving the Sasanian Empire
Battles involving the Rashidun Caliphate
Muslim conquest of Persia
640s in the Rashidun Caliphate
640s in the Sasanian Empire
History of Hamadan Province |
```java
/*
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package org.apache.shardingsphere.data.pipeline.scenario.consistencycheck.util;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
class ConsistencyCheckSequenceTest {
@Test
void assertGetNextSequence() {
int currentSequence = ConsistencyCheckSequence.MIN_SEQUENCE;
assertThat(currentSequence = ConsistencyCheckSequence.getNextSequence(currentSequence), is(2));
assertThat(currentSequence = ConsistencyCheckSequence.getNextSequence(currentSequence), is(3));
assertThat(currentSequence = ConsistencyCheckSequence.getNextSequence(currentSequence), is(1));
}
@Test
void assertGetPreviousSequence() {
List<Integer> sequences = Arrays.asList(2, 3, 1);
Optional<Integer> previousSequence = ConsistencyCheckSequence.getPreviousSequence(sequences, 3);
assertTrue(previousSequence.isPresent());
assertThat(previousSequence.get(), is(2));
previousSequence = ConsistencyCheckSequence.getPreviousSequence(sequences, 2);
assertTrue(previousSequence.isPresent());
assertThat(previousSequence.get(), is(1));
previousSequence = ConsistencyCheckSequence.getPreviousSequence(sequences, 1);
assertTrue(previousSequence.isPresent());
assertThat(previousSequence.get(), is(3));
previousSequence = ConsistencyCheckSequence.getPreviousSequence(sequences, 4);
assertFalse(previousSequence.isPresent());
}
}
``` |
Andria Meliton dze Afakidze (; September 3, 1914 – November 25, 2005), Doctor of History and professor, was a Georgian archaeologist and historian specializing in the studies of ancient Georgia, and the author of widely known works on archaeology.
He led the large-scale excavations of Armazi, Tsitsamuri, and Sarkine (1936), Pitsunda (1952-1974) and Mtskheta (since 1975). He directed the Janashia Museum of Georgia from 1943 until 1952 when he became the head of the archaeology section of the Georgian Academy of Sciences Institute of History. Since April 1, 1994, he presided over the Mtskheta Archaeology Institute.
References
1914 births
2005 deaths
Archaeologists from Georgia (country)
20th-century historians from Georgia (country)
Soviet historians
Soviet archaeologists
Honoured Scientists of Georgia (country)
Laureates of the State Prize of Georgia (country) |
Bethlehem Chapel, Richmond is an independent Calvinistic chapel on the east side of Church Terrace in Richmond, London. Built in 1797, the small one-storey stuccoed building is Grade II* listed. It still has its original galleried interior with pews and pulpit.
History
The church was built by John Chapman, who was a market gardener in Petersham. It was funded by subscription and is known as a "Huntington Chapel" as it was opened by Calvinist preacher William Huntington who founded or opened chapels throughout England, many of which have survived.
Hansard records a petition to the House of Lords on 14 May 1846 by "Thomas William Dawson, on behalf of the Church and Congregation of Protestant Dissenters of Bethlehem Chapel, Richmond, in favour of the Charitable Trusts Bill".
Services and other activities
The church is traditional in worship and doctrine and uses the Authorised King James Version of the Bible. Services are held on Sunday mornings at 11:00 am. There are prayer and Bible study sessions on Thursday evenings at 8:00 pm.
Richmond Messianic Fellowship meets at Bethlehem Chapel on the second and on the last Friday of each month.
References
External links
Official website
1797 establishments in England
18th-century churches in the United Kingdom
Churches completed in 1797
Churches in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames
Evangelical churches in London
Grade II* listed churches in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames
18th-century Calvinist and Reformed churches
Richmond, London |
```javascript
"use strict";
/* eslint-disable max-statements */
const Fs = require("fs");
const Path = require("path");
const util = require("./util");
const subappUtil = require("subapp-util");
const _ = require("lodash");
const assert = require("assert");
const { getXRequire } = require("@xarc/app").isomorphicLoader;
module.exports = function setup(setupContext) {
const cdnEnabled = _.get(setupContext, "routeOptions.cdn.enable");
const distDir = process.env.NODE_ENV === "production" ? "../dist/min" : "../dist/dev";
const clientJs = Fs.readFileSync(Path.join(__dirname, distDir, "subapp-web.js")).toString();
const cdnJs = cdnEnabled
? Fs.readFileSync(Path.join(__dirname, distDir, "cdn-map.js")).toString()
: "";
const loadJs = Fs.readFileSync(require.resolve("loadjs/dist/loadjs.min.js"), "utf8");
//
// TODO: in webpack dev mode, we need to reload stats after there's a change
//
const metricReport = _.get(setupContext, "routeOptions.reporting", {});
const { assets } = util.loadAssetsFromStats(setupContext.routeOptions.stats);
assert(assets, `subapp-web unable to load assets from ${setupContext.routeOptions.stats}`);
setupContext.routeOptions.__internals.assets = assets;
const cdnJsBundles = util.getCdnJsBundles(assets, setupContext.routeOptions);
const bundleAssets = {
jsChunksById: cdnJsBundles,
// md === mapping data for other assets
md: util.getCdnOtherMappings(setupContext.routeOptions),
entryPoints: assets.entryPoints,
basePath: ""
};
// For subapp version 2, when using to do dynamic import,
// code to translate for webpack 4 jsonp bundle loading.
// requires processing done by xarc-webpack/src/plugins/jsonp-script-src-plugin
// TBD: need to update when upgrade to webpack 5
const webpackJsonpJS = cdnEnabled
? Fs.readFileSync(Path.join(__dirname, distDir, "webpack4-jsonp.js")).toString()
: "";
const namespace = _.get(setupContext, "routeOptions.namespace");
let inlineRuntimeJS = "";
let runtimeEntryPoints = [];
if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "production") {
runtimeEntryPoints = Object.keys(assets.chunksById.js).filter(ep =>
assets.chunksById.js[ep].startsWith("runtime.bundle")
);
inlineRuntimeJS =
"/*rt*/" +
runtimeEntryPoints
.map(ep => Path.resolve("dist", "js", Path.basename(cdnJsBundles[ep])))
.filter(fullPath => Fs.existsSync(fullPath))
.map(fullPath => Fs.readFileSync(fullPath))
.join(" ")
.replace(/\/\/#\ssourceMappingURL=.*$/, "") +
"/*rt*/";
inlineRuntimeJS += `\nwindow.xarcV1.markBundlesLoaded(${JSON.stringify(runtimeEntryPoints)}${
namespace ? ", " + JSON.stringify(namespace) : ""
});`;
}
const namespaceScriptJs = namespace ? `window.__default__namespace="${namespace}";` : "";
const scriptId = namespace ? namespace : "bundle";
const { scriptNonce = "" } = util.getNonceValue(setupContext.routeOptions);
const webSubAppJs = `<script${scriptNonce} id="${scriptId}Assets" type="application/json">
${JSON.stringify(bundleAssets)}
</script>
<script${scriptNonce}>/*LJ*/${loadJs}/*LJ*/
${webpackJsonpJS}
${namespaceScriptJs}
${clientJs}
${cdnJs}
${inlineRuntimeJS}
</script>`;
let subAppServers;
const getSubAppServers = () => {
if (subAppServers) {
return subAppServers;
}
// TODO: where and how is subApps set in __internals?
const { subApps } = setupContext.routeOptions.__internals;
// check if any subapp has server side code with initialize method and load them
return (subAppServers =
subApps &&
subApps
.map(({ subapp }) => subappUtil.loadSubAppServerByName(subapp.name, false))
.filter(x => x && x.initialize));
};
const setupIsomorphicCdnUrlMapping = () => {
const extRequire = getXRequire();
if (!extRequire) return;
const cdnAssets = util.loadCdnAssets(setupContext.routeOptions);
const cdnKeys = Object.keys(cdnAssets).map(k => Path.basename(k));
extRequire.setUrlMapper(url => {
const urlBaseName = Path.basename(url);
return (cdnKeys.includes(urlBaseName) && cdnAssets[urlBaseName]) || url;
});
};
if (cdnEnabled) {
setupIsomorphicCdnUrlMapping();
}
return {
process: context => {
context.user.assets = assets;
context.user.includedBundles = {};
runtimeEntryPoints.forEach(ep => {
context.user.includedBundles[ep] = true;
});
if (metricReport.enable && metricReport.reporter) {
context.user.xarcSSREmitter = util.getEventEmiiter(metricReport.reporter);
}
getSubAppServers();
// invoke the initialize method of subapp's server code
if (subAppServers && subAppServers.length > 0) {
for (const server of getSubAppServers()) {
server.initialize(context);
}
}
return webSubAppJs;
}
};
};
``` |
Longworth House is an historic country house at Longworth in the English county of Oxfordshire (formerly in Berkshire). It is a Grade II listed building.
It was owned by the Marten family during the 16th and 17th centuries. Former residents include Sir Henry Marten, Judge of the Admiralty Court.
References
Country houses in Oxfordshire
Grade II listed buildings in Oxfordshire |
```c
/*your_sha256_hash---------
*
* tzparser.c
* Functions for parsing timezone offset files
*
* Note: this code is invoked from the check_hook for the GUC variable
* timezone_abbreviations. Therefore, it should report problems using
* GUC_check_errmsg() and related functions, and try to avoid throwing
* elog(ERROR). This is not completely bulletproof at present --- in
* particular out-of-memory will throw an error. Could probably fix with
* PG_TRY if necessary.
*
*
*
* IDENTIFICATION
* src/backend/utils/misc/tzparser.c
*
*your_sha256_hash---------
*/
#include "postgres.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "storage/fd.h"
#include "utils/guc.h"
#include "utils/memutils.h"
#include "utils/tzparser.h"
#define WHITESPACE " \t\n\r"
static bool validateTzEntry(tzEntry *tzentry);
static bool splitTzLine(const char *filename, int lineno,
char *line, tzEntry *tzentry);
static int addToArray(tzEntry **base, int *arraysize, int n,
tzEntry *entry, bool override);
static int ParseTzFile(const char *filename, int depth,
tzEntry **base, int *arraysize, int n);
/*
* Apply additional validation checks to a tzEntry
*
* Returns true if OK, else false
*/
static bool
validateTzEntry(tzEntry *tzentry)
{
unsigned char *p;
/*
* Check restrictions imposed by datetktbl storage format (see datetime.c)
*/
if (strlen(tzentry->abbrev) > TOKMAXLEN)
{
GUC_check_errmsg("time zone abbreviation \"%s\" is too long (maximum %d characters) in time zone file \"%s\", line %d",
tzentry->abbrev, TOKMAXLEN,
tzentry->filename, tzentry->lineno);
return false;
}
/*
* Sanity-check the offset: shouldn't exceed 14 hours
*/
if (tzentry->offset > 14 * 60 * 60 ||
tzentry->offset < -14 * 60 * 60)
{
GUC_check_errmsg("time zone offset %d is out of range in time zone file \"%s\", line %d",
tzentry->offset,
tzentry->filename, tzentry->lineno);
return false;
}
/*
* Convert abbrev to lowercase (must match datetime.c's conversion)
*/
for (p = (unsigned char *) tzentry->abbrev; *p; p++)
*p = pg_tolower(*p);
return true;
}
/*
* Attempt to parse the line as a timezone abbrev spec
*
* Valid formats are:
* name zone
* name offset dst
*
* Returns true if OK, else false; data is stored in *tzentry
*/
static bool
splitTzLine(const char *filename, int lineno, char *line, tzEntry *tzentry)
{
char *abbrev;
char *offset;
char *offset_endptr;
char *remain;
char *is_dst;
tzentry->lineno = lineno;
tzentry->filename = filename;
abbrev = strtok(line, WHITESPACE);
if (!abbrev)
{
GUC_check_errmsg("missing time zone abbreviation in time zone file \"%s\", line %d",
filename, lineno);
return false;
}
tzentry->abbrev = pstrdup(abbrev);
offset = strtok(NULL, WHITESPACE);
if (!offset)
{
GUC_check_errmsg("missing time zone offset in time zone file \"%s\", line %d",
filename, lineno);
return false;
}
/* We assume zone names don't begin with a digit or sign */
if (isdigit((unsigned char) *offset) || *offset == '+' || *offset == '-')
{
tzentry->zone = NULL;
tzentry->offset = strtol(offset, &offset_endptr, 10);
if (offset_endptr == offset || *offset_endptr != '\0')
{
GUC_check_errmsg("invalid number for time zone offset in time zone file \"%s\", line %d",
filename, lineno);
return false;
}
is_dst = strtok(NULL, WHITESPACE);
if (is_dst && pg_strcasecmp(is_dst, "D") == 0)
{
tzentry->is_dst = true;
remain = strtok(NULL, WHITESPACE);
}
else
{
/* there was no 'D' dst specifier */
tzentry->is_dst = false;
remain = is_dst;
}
}
else
{
/*
* Assume entry is a zone name. We do not try to validate it by
* looking up the zone, because that would force loading of a lot of
* zones that probably will never be used in the current session.
*/
tzentry->zone = pstrdup(offset);
tzentry->offset = 0;
tzentry->is_dst = false;
remain = strtok(NULL, WHITESPACE);
}
if (!remain) /* no more non-whitespace chars */
return true;
if (remain[0] != '#') /* must be a comment */
{
GUC_check_errmsg("invalid syntax in time zone file \"%s\", line %d",
filename, lineno);
return false;
}
return true;
}
/*
* Insert entry into sorted array
*
* *base: base address of array (changeable if must enlarge array)
* *arraysize: allocated length of array (changeable if must enlarge array)
* n: current number of valid elements in array
* entry: new data to insert
* override: true if OK to override
*
* Returns the new array length (new value for n), or -1 if error
*/
static int
addToArray(tzEntry **base, int *arraysize, int n,
tzEntry *entry, bool override)
{
tzEntry *arrayptr;
int low;
int high;
/*
* Search the array for a duplicate; as a useful side effect, the array is
* maintained in sorted order. We use strcmp() to ensure we match the
* sort order datetime.c expects.
*/
arrayptr = *base;
low = 0;
high = n - 1;
while (low <= high)
{
int mid = (low + high) >> 1;
tzEntry *midptr = arrayptr + mid;
int cmp;
cmp = strcmp(entry->abbrev, midptr->abbrev);
if (cmp < 0)
high = mid - 1;
else if (cmp > 0)
low = mid + 1;
else
{
/*
* Found a duplicate entry; complain unless it's the same.
*/
if ((midptr->zone == NULL && entry->zone == NULL &&
midptr->offset == entry->offset &&
midptr->is_dst == entry->is_dst) ||
(midptr->zone != NULL && entry->zone != NULL &&
strcmp(midptr->zone, entry->zone) == 0))
{
/* return unchanged array */
return n;
}
if (override)
{
/* same abbrev but something is different, override */
midptr->zone = entry->zone;
midptr->offset = entry->offset;
midptr->is_dst = entry->is_dst;
return n;
}
/* same abbrev but something is different, complain */
GUC_check_errmsg("time zone abbreviation \"%s\" is multiply defined",
entry->abbrev);
GUC_check_errdetail("Entry in time zone file \"%s\", line %d, conflicts with entry in file \"%s\", line %d.",
midptr->filename, midptr->lineno,
entry->filename, entry->lineno);
return -1;
}
}
/*
* No match, insert at position "low".
*/
if (n >= *arraysize)
{
*arraysize *= 2;
*base = (tzEntry *) repalloc(*base, *arraysize * sizeof(tzEntry));
}
arrayptr = *base + low;
memmove(arrayptr + 1, arrayptr, (n - low) * sizeof(tzEntry));
memcpy(arrayptr, entry, sizeof(tzEntry));
return n + 1;
}
/*
* Parse a single timezone abbrev file --- can recurse to handle @INCLUDE
*
* filename: user-specified file name (does not include path)
* depth: current recursion depth
* *base: array for results (changeable if must enlarge array)
* *arraysize: allocated length of array (changeable if must enlarge array)
* n: current number of valid elements in array
*
* Returns the new array length (new value for n), or -1 if error
*/
static int
ParseTzFile(const char *filename, int depth,
tzEntry **base, int *arraysize, int n)
{
char share_path[MAXPGPATH];
char file_path[MAXPGPATH];
FILE *tzFile;
char tzbuf[1024];
char *line;
tzEntry tzentry;
int lineno = 0;
bool override = false;
const char *p;
/*
* We enforce that the filename is all alpha characters. This may be
* overly restrictive, but we don't want to allow access to anything
* outside the timezonesets directory, so for instance '/' *must* be
* rejected.
*/
for (p = filename; *p; p++)
{
if (!isalpha((unsigned char) *p))
{
/* at level 0, just use guc.c's regular "invalid value" message */
if (depth > 0)
GUC_check_errmsg("invalid time zone file name \"%s\"",
filename);
return -1;
}
}
/*
* The maximal recursion depth is a pretty arbitrary setting. It is hard
* to imagine that someone needs more than 3 levels so stick with this
* conservative setting until someone complains.
*/
if (depth > 3)
{
GUC_check_errmsg("time zone file recursion limit exceeded in file \"%s\"",
filename);
return -1;
}
get_share_path(my_exec_path, share_path);
snprintf(file_path, sizeof(file_path), "%s/timezonesets/%s",
share_path, filename);
tzFile = AllocateFile(file_path, "r");
if (!tzFile)
{
/*
* Check to see if the problem is not the filename but the directory.
* This is worth troubling over because if the installation share/
* directory is missing or unreadable, this is likely to be the first
* place we notice a problem during postmaster startup.
*/
int save_errno = errno;
DIR *tzdir;
snprintf(file_path, sizeof(file_path), "%s/timezonesets",
share_path);
tzdir = AllocateDir(file_path);
if (tzdir == NULL)
{
GUC_check_errmsg("could not open directory \"%s\": %m",
file_path);
GUC_check_errhint("This may indicate an incomplete PostgreSQL installation, or that the file \"%s\" has been moved away from its proper location.",
my_exec_path);
return -1;
}
FreeDir(tzdir);
errno = save_errno;
/*
* otherwise, if file doesn't exist and it's level 0, guc.c's
* complaint is enough
*/
if (errno != ENOENT || depth > 0)
GUC_check_errmsg("could not read time zone file \"%s\": %m",
filename);
return -1;
}
while (!feof(tzFile))
{
lineno++;
if (fgets(tzbuf, sizeof(tzbuf), tzFile) == NULL)
{
if (ferror(tzFile))
{
GUC_check_errmsg("could not read time zone file \"%s\": %m",
filename);
n = -1;
break;
}
/* else we're at EOF after all */
break;
}
if (strlen(tzbuf) == sizeof(tzbuf) - 1)
{
/* the line is too long for tzbuf */
GUC_check_errmsg("line is too long in time zone file \"%s\", line %d",
filename, lineno);
n = -1;
break;
}
/* skip over whitespace */
line = tzbuf;
while (*line && isspace((unsigned char) *line))
line++;
if (*line == '\0') /* empty line */
continue;
if (*line == '#') /* comment line */
continue;
if (pg_strncasecmp(line, "@INCLUDE", strlen("@INCLUDE")) == 0)
{
/* pstrdup so we can use filename in result data structure */
char *includeFile = pstrdup(line + strlen("@INCLUDE"));
includeFile = strtok(includeFile, WHITESPACE);
if (!includeFile || !*includeFile)
{
GUC_check_errmsg("@INCLUDE without file name in time zone file \"%s\", line %d",
filename, lineno);
n = -1;
break;
}
n = ParseTzFile(includeFile, depth + 1,
base, arraysize, n);
if (n < 0)
break;
continue;
}
if (pg_strncasecmp(line, "@OVERRIDE", strlen("@OVERRIDE")) == 0)
{
override = true;
continue;
}
if (!splitTzLine(filename, lineno, line, &tzentry))
{
n = -1;
break;
}
if (!validateTzEntry(&tzentry))
{
n = -1;
break;
}
n = addToArray(base, arraysize, n, &tzentry, override);
if (n < 0)
break;
}
FreeFile(tzFile);
return n;
}
/*
* load_tzoffsets --- read and parse the specified timezone offset file
*
* On success, return a filled-in TimeZoneAbbrevTable, which must have been
* malloc'd not palloc'd. On failure, return NULL, using GUC_check_errmsg
* and friends to give details of the problem.
*/
TimeZoneAbbrevTable *
load_tzoffsets(const char *filename)
{
TimeZoneAbbrevTable *result = NULL;
MemoryContext tmpContext;
MemoryContext oldContext;
tzEntry *array;
int arraysize;
int n;
/*
* Create a temp memory context to work in. This makes it easy to clean
* up afterwards.
*/
tmpContext = AllocSetContextCreate(CurrentMemoryContext,
"TZParserMemory",
ALLOCSET_SMALL_SIZES);
oldContext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(tmpContext);
/* Initialize array at a reasonable size */
arraysize = 128;
array = (tzEntry *) palloc(arraysize * sizeof(tzEntry));
/* Parse the file(s) */
n = ParseTzFile(filename, 0, &array, &arraysize, 0);
/* If no errors so far, let datetime.c allocate memory & convert format */
if (n >= 0)
{
result = ConvertTimeZoneAbbrevs(array, n);
if (!result)
GUC_check_errmsg("out of memory");
}
/* Clean up */
MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
MemoryContextDelete(tmpContext);
return result;
}
``` |
Hippolyte bifidirostris is a chameleon shrimp of the family Hippolytidae, found around New Zealand at depths of . It may also occur on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, but that record may need to be confirmed.
References
Hippolytidae
Marine crustaceans of New Zealand
Crustaceans of Australia
Crustaceans described in 1876
Taxa named by Edward J. Miers |
Ovidio Sodor (born 5 January 1947) is an Argentine field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1947 births
Living people
Argentine male field hockey players
Olympic field hockey players for Argentina
Field hockey players at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing (living people) |
Zonitoides nitidus (sometimes Zonitoides nitida) is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Gastrodontidae.
Zonitoides nitidus is the type species of the genus Zonitoides.
Distribution
The distribution of Zonitoides nitidus includes the Holarctic zone. It is found almost all over Europe except the southernmost regions:
Czech Republic - least concern (LC)
Netherlands
Russia - Sverdlovsk oblast
Ukraine
Slovakia
Great Britain - north British highland zones and not in north Scotland. In some regions in Britain the species has declined due to drainage.
Ireland
Hebrides
Orkney
Shetland
rare in northern Greece
Canada
The non-indigenous distribution of this species includes:
introduced to Menorca
Description
The shell is reddish brown. The umbilicus is large (almost 25% of shell diameter). The shell is with radial growth lines. The width of the shell is 6–7 mm. The height of the shell is 3.5-4.0 mm.
The animal is black with a characteristic orange dash: the (mantle gland is visible under the shell's aperture).
Juveniles are whitish grey with light brown translucent shells.
Ecology
Zonitoides nitidus occurs in wet meadows and river woods, usually near water bodies, swamps and swampy forests, in the zone of emergent vegetation. Man-made habitats such as pools in old quarries are sometimes colonized after a few years. In Switzerland it is found up to 2100m of altitude.
Zonitoides nitidus is herbivorous. These snails feed on disintegrating leaves, mushrooms, roots and fruit. They do not eat dry leaves. Humid leaves are preferred. When consuming soft food such as mushrooms or soft fruits, Zonitoides nitidus penetrates perpendicularly inside, producing characteristic holes; the entire animal including its shell can penetrate inside the fruit.
In Germany up to three clutches of 2-9 eggs per individual are laid in all seasons, with some days or weeks spacing between egg-laying. Egg diameter is 1.0-1.6 mm. Eggs are laid loose into the soil. Juveniles have 1.5 whorls (diameter 1-1.2 mm) after hatching. They start feeding on disintegrating plant remains in the soil. After 3 months the shell diameter reaches up to 3 mm under favourable conditions, after 10 months 6 mm, and full size after slightly more than one year. Maximum age is 18 months under laboratory conditions.
Parasites of Zonitoides nitidus include:
Elaphostrongylus spp.
Parelaphostrongylus tenuis
References
This article incorporates public domain text from the reference.
External links
image of Zonitoides nitidus
Gastrodontidae
Gastropods described in 1774
Taxa named by Otto Friedrich Müller |
Hani Azer (, ; born 1948) is an Egyptian civil engineer and a naturalized German citizen. He was born in Tanta, Egypt to a Coptic family and moved to Cairo for high school and university. In 1973, after earning a BSc(Engg) degree from the Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, he moved to Germany to study for his post-graduate diploma in civil engineering in Bochum.
Azer headed the construction of the tunnel beneath Berlin's Tiergarten in 1994. Subsequently, he became the chief engineer of the Berlin Hauptbahnhof, Germany's fourth-largest train station. The station is a modernistic structure with a roof built almost entirely of glass blocks. The project cost $700 million. Berliners voted Azer 13th in the top 50 Berliners of the year in 2006.
Azer was honored by the German Chancellor Angela Merkel on 26 May 2006 at the inauguration of the Berlin Hauptbahnhof. He was also later honored by Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak. On 1 October 2006, Azer received one of Berlin's most respected distinctions, the Verdienstorden des Landes Berlin (Merit of the State of Berlin), for outstanding service to the state. Azer is also considered one of the top tunneling and bridge engineers at the global level today.
References
1948 births
Living people
Egyptian civil engineers
Ain Shams University alumni
People from Tanta
Egyptian Copts
Recipients of the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Recipients of the Order of Merit of Berlin |
Robert Curry (1882–1944), was an American wrestler.
Robert Curry may also refer to:
Robert Curry (singer)
Robert Houston Curry (1842–1892), Louisiana politician
Robert Curry (musicologist and pianist) (1952-) Australian pianist and musicologist
See also
Robert Curry Cameron (1925–1972), American astronomer
Robert Currie (disambiguation) |
Tony Jordan (born 21 July 1957) is a British television writer. He was listed as the number one television screenwriter in the United Kingdom by Broadcast magazine in 2008 and among British broadcasting's top twenty in The Stage in 2009.
For many years, Jordan was lead writer and series consultant for BBC One soap opera EastEnders. Jordan had written for the programme since 1989 including the 2008 single-hander "Pretty Baby...." and is considered to be an 'elder statesman' of the show, for which he has written over 250 episodes .
Career
Beginning his career as a market trader, Jordan began writing at the age of thirty-two. He joined EastEnders after sending a spec script to the BBC about market traders, with a covering letter saying he had been born and raised in the East End of London. The BBC turned down the spec script, but gave him a job on EastEnders because of his apparent life experience. Afraid of what would happen if the producers found out that he was from the north, Jordan kept up the pretence of being a Londoner for five years.
Jordan left school with no qualifications. For his work on EastEnders, he is particularly known for creating the Slater family along with then producer, John Yorke. Amongst significant episodes he scripted are those featuring the deaths of Arthur Fowler and Ethel Skinner; the "Sharongate" storyline; and more recently Kat's revelation to Zoe that she was her mother, the Andy-Kat-Alfie love triangle, and Dot's monologue. He was the first writer to do EastEnders when it began airing three times a week, when the siege at The Queen Victoria took place in 1994. He continued to work on EastEnders through a period which saw a reversal in its hitherto declining fortunes, with the programme winning the Most Popular Soap category at the National Television Awards in 2005. He wrote the first two episodes (broadcast on 24 and 25 October 2005) for the return of the characters of Phil and Grant Mitchell, popular characters he had originally helped to create back in 1989.
While on staff at EastEnders, Jordan undertook a number of freelance projects. In early 2004, he created hit BBC One con artist drama Hustle. He also co-created the time travel/police drama Life on Mars, which began in 2006.
His other credits include; Boon (ITV), Minder (ITV), Trainer (BBC), Eldorado (BBC), Thief Takers (ITV), Where the Heart Is (ITV), City Central (BBC), April Fool's Day (ITV), Can't Buy Me Love (ITV), The Vanishing Man (ITV), Perfectly Frank (BBC) Sunburn (BBC), HolbyBlue (BBC), Moving Wallpaper (ITV), Echo Beach (ITV).
In January 2007, Jordan's departure from EastEnders was announced, as it was his plan to concentrate on running his own new production company, Red Planet Pictures, backed by leading independent producer Kudos Film & Television. HolbyBlue, a new BBC One police drama, spun off from the channel's successful medical drama Holby City debuted in May 2007, quickly being recommissioned for a second run.
Jordan also created the series of Moving Wallpaper and Echo Beach for ITV; these were linked to each other, the latter being a soap opera and the former being a sitcom about the production of that soap opera.
In 2007, Jordan was honoured for his work on EastEnders at the British Soap Awards with a "Special Achievement award". On 14 November 2007, it was announced that Jordan would be returning to EastEnders less than twelve months after quitting, to write one final episode. Jordan subsequently wrote the script for Dot Branning's single-handed episode, broadcast on 31 January 2008 on BBC One. Ten years later John Yorke asked him to write Kat Moon's return to EastEnders in March 2018 and he wrote the second episode that aired on 22 March under a pseudonym, Harry Holmes.
In 2008, he worked on Hustle and zombie drama Renaissance, starring Kelly Brook and Alan Dale. As Head of Red Planet Pictures, he is also creating new formats for the UK and US markets.
His latest work as a writer was The Nativity, a new BBC version of the nativity of Jesus story starring Peter Capaldi, broadcast in December 2010. Jordan states he had always had a faith but it was during this work that he became convinced that Jesus who was born in this way is the Son of God and that the Nativity story is a 'true story' and a 'thing of beauty'.
In 2013 Jordan wrote By Any Means and The Passing-Bells, and in 2015 he wrote Dickensian''.
See also
Crash (2009 TV series)
References
External links
EastEnders website
Tony Jordan profile at BBC Wales
1957 births
Living people
People from Southport
British television producers
English television writers
English screenwriters
English male screenwriters
English soap opera writers
British male television writers |
```go
package common
import (
"testing"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
"github.com/caicloud/cyclone/pkg/apis/cyclone/v1alpha1"
"github.com/caicloud/cyclone/pkg/meta"
)
func TestResolveWorkflowName(t *testing.T) {
cases := map[string]struct {
wfr v1alpha1.WorkflowRun
expect string
}{
"wfrRef": {
wfr: v1alpha1.WorkflowRun{
Spec: v1alpha1.WorkflowRunSpec{
WorkflowRef: &corev1.ObjectReference{
Kind: "Workflow",
Name: "w1",
},
},
},
expect: "w1",
},
"wfrOwner": {
wfr: v1alpha1.WorkflowRun{
ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
OwnerReferences: []metav1.OwnerReference{
{
Kind: "Workflow",
Name: "w1",
}},
},
},
expect: "w1",
},
"label": {
wfr: v1alpha1.WorkflowRun{
ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
Labels: map[string]string{
meta.LabelWorkflowName: "w1",
},
},
},
expect: "w1",
},
"none": {
wfr: v1alpha1.WorkflowRun{},
expect: "",
},
}
for _, c := range cases {
assert.Equal(t, c.expect, ResolveWorkflowName(c.wfr))
}
}
func TestResolveProjectName(t *testing.T) {
cases := map[string]struct {
wfr v1alpha1.WorkflowRun
expect string
}{
"label": {
wfr: v1alpha1.WorkflowRun{
ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
Labels: map[string]string{
meta.LabelProjectName: "p1",
},
},
},
expect: "p1",
},
"none": {
wfr: v1alpha1.WorkflowRun{},
expect: "",
},
}
for _, c := range cases {
assert.Equal(t, c.expect, ResolveProjectName(c.wfr))
}
}
``` |
```go
/*
path_to_url
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package archive
// ApplyOpt allows setting mutable archive apply properties on creation
type ApplyOpt func(options *ApplyOptions) error
``` |
Nikolai Sergeyevich Sidorov (; born 5 November 1974) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player.
Playing career
He made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 1998 for FC Shinnik Yaroslavl. He played 2 games in the UEFA Intertoto Cup 1998 for FC Shinnik Yaroslavl.
Honours
Russian Third League Zone 4 top scorer: 1997 (18 goals).
External links
1974 births
Sportspeople from Kaluga
Living people
Russian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
FC Shinnik Yaroslavl players
FC Spartak Tambov players
FC Metallurg Lipetsk players
Russian Premier League players
Russian football managers
FC Lokomotiv Kaluga players
FC Znamya Truda Orekhovo-Zuyevo players
FC SOYUZ-Gazprom Izhevsk players |
"Satisfied" is a song by American singer-songwriter Richard Marx, released as the lead single from his second album, Repeat Offender (1989). It was Marx's second of three consecutive number-one singles on the US Billboard Hot 100 singles chart and became a top-20 hit in Australia and Canada.
Critical reception
In an ironic review on June 10, 1989, Betty Page, observer of British music newspaper Record Mirror, wondered along with readers why Richard Marx, with all the traits and skills of Bryan Adams, did not become as popular.
Chart performance
"Satisfied" served as the lead single from Richard Marx's second album, Repeat Offender. Heavy radio, video and retail attention led to the single's number-39 debut on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart during the week of May 6, 1989. The single steadily climbed to the top, reaching number one on the week of June 24, 1989.
Track listing
All songs were written by Richard Marx.
US 7-inch and cassette single
"Satisfied" (LP version) – 3:58
"Should've Known Better" (live) – 4:57
Personnel
Richard Marx – lead and backing vocals
C.J. Vanston – keyboards
Bill Payne – Hammond B3 organ
Bruce Gaitsch – guitar
Michael Landau – guitar, guitar solo
Randy Jackson – bass
Mike Baird – drums
Paulinho da Costa – percussion
Cynthia Rhodes – backing vocals
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Release history
References
External links
1989 singles
1989 songs
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Cashbox number-one singles
EMI Records singles
Richard Marx songs
Songs written by Richard Marx |
```c++
//===- llvm-stress.cpp - Generate random LL files to stress-test LLVM -----===//
//
// See path_to_url for license information.
//
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
//
// This program is a utility that generates random .ll files to stress-test
// different components in LLVM.
//
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
#include "llvm/ADT/APFloat.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/APInt.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Twine.h"
#include "llvm/IR/BasicBlock.h"
#include "llvm/IR/CallingConv.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
#include "llvm/IR/GlobalValue.h"
#include "llvm/IR/InstrTypes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Type.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Value.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Verifier.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Casting.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
#include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
#include "llvm/Support/InitLLVM.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ToolOutputFile.h"
#include "llvm/Support/WithColor.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <system_error>
#include <vector>
namespace llvm {
static cl::OptionCategory StressCategory("Stress Options");
static cl::opt<unsigned> SeedCL("seed", cl::desc("Seed used for randomness"),
cl::init(0), cl::cat(StressCategory));
static cl::opt<unsigned> SizeCL(
"size",
cl::desc("The estimated size of the generated function (# of instrs)"),
cl::init(100), cl::cat(StressCategory));
static cl::opt<std::string> OutputFilename("o",
cl::desc("Override output filename"),
cl::value_desc("filename"),
cl::cat(StressCategory));
static cl::list<StringRef> AdditionalScalarTypes(
"types", cl::CommaSeparated,
cl::desc("Additional IR scalar types "
"(always includes i1, i8, i16, i32, i64, float and double)"));
static cl::opt<bool> EnableScalableVectors(
"enable-scalable-vectors",
cl::desc("Generate IR involving scalable vector types"),
cl::init(false), cl::cat(StressCategory));
namespace {
/// A utility class to provide a pseudo-random number generator which is
/// the same across all platforms. This is somewhat close to the libc
/// implementation. Note: This is not a cryptographically secure pseudorandom
/// number generator.
class Random {
public:
/// C'tor
Random(unsigned _seed):Seed(_seed) {}
/// Return a random integer, up to a
/// maximum of 2**19 - 1.
uint32_t Rand() {
uint32_t Val = Seed + 0x000b07a1;
Seed = (Val * 0x3c7c0ac1);
// Only lowest 19 bits are random-ish.
return Seed & 0x7ffff;
}
/// Return a random 64 bit integer.
uint64_t Rand64() {
uint64_t Val = Rand() & 0xffff;
Val |= uint64_t(Rand() & 0xffff) << 16;
Val |= uint64_t(Rand() & 0xffff) << 32;
Val |= uint64_t(Rand() & 0xffff) << 48;
return Val;
}
/// Rand operator for STL algorithms.
ptrdiff_t operator()(ptrdiff_t y) {
return Rand64() % y;
}
/// Make this like a C++11 random device
using result_type = uint32_t ;
static constexpr result_type min() { return 0; }
static constexpr result_type max() { return 0x7ffff; }
uint32_t operator()() {
uint32_t Val = Rand();
assert(Val <= max() && "Random value out of range");
return Val;
}
private:
unsigned Seed;
};
/// Generate an empty function with a default argument list.
Function *GenEmptyFunction(Module *M) {
// Define a few arguments
LLVMContext &Context = M->getContext();
Type* ArgsTy[] = {
Type::getInt8PtrTy(Context),
Type::getInt32PtrTy(Context),
Type::getInt64PtrTy(Context),
Type::getInt32Ty(Context),
Type::getInt64Ty(Context),
Type::getInt8Ty(Context)
};
auto *FuncTy = FunctionType::get(Type::getVoidTy(Context), ArgsTy, false);
// Pick a unique name to describe the input parameters
Twine Name = "autogen_SD" + Twine{SeedCL};
auto *Func = Function::Create(FuncTy, GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage, Name, M);
Func->setCallingConv(CallingConv::C);
return Func;
}
/// A base class, implementing utilities needed for
/// modifying and adding new random instructions.
struct Modifier {
/// Used to store the randomly generated values.
using PieceTable = std::vector<Value *>;
public:
/// C'tor
Modifier(BasicBlock *Block, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: BB(Block), PT(PT), Ran(R), Context(BB->getContext()) {
ScalarTypes.assign({Type::getInt1Ty(Context), Type::getInt8Ty(Context),
Type::getInt16Ty(Context), Type::getInt32Ty(Context),
Type::getInt64Ty(Context), Type::getFloatTy(Context),
Type::getDoubleTy(Context)});
for (auto &Arg : AdditionalScalarTypes) {
Type *Ty = nullptr;
if (Arg == "half")
Ty = Type::getHalfTy(Context);
else if (Arg == "fp128")
Ty = Type::getFP128Ty(Context);
else if (Arg == "x86_fp80")
Ty = Type::getX86_FP80Ty(Context);
else if (Arg == "ppc_fp128")
Ty = Type::getPPC_FP128Ty(Context);
else if (Arg == "x86_mmx")
Ty = Type::getX86_MMXTy(Context);
else if (Arg.startswith("i")) {
unsigned N = 0;
Arg.drop_front().getAsInteger(10, N);
if (N > 0)
Ty = Type::getIntNTy(Context, N);
}
if (!Ty) {
errs() << "Invalid IR scalar type: '" << Arg << "'!\n";
exit(1);
}
ScalarTypes.push_back(Ty);
}
}
/// virtual D'tor to silence warnings.
virtual ~Modifier() = default;
/// Add a new instruction.
virtual void Act() = 0;
/// Add N new instructions,
virtual void ActN(unsigned n) {
for (unsigned i=0; i<n; ++i)
Act();
}
protected:
/// Return a random integer.
uint32_t getRandom() {
return Ran->Rand();
}
/// Return a random value from the list of known values.
Value *getRandomVal() {
assert(PT->size());
return PT->at(getRandom() % PT->size());
}
Constant *getRandomConstant(Type *Tp) {
if (Tp->isIntegerTy()) {
if (getRandom() & 1)
return ConstantInt::getAllOnesValue(Tp);
return ConstantInt::getNullValue(Tp);
} else if (Tp->isFloatingPointTy()) {
if (getRandom() & 1)
return ConstantFP::getAllOnesValue(Tp);
return ConstantFP::getNullValue(Tp);
}
return UndefValue::get(Tp);
}
/// Return a random value with a known type.
Value *getRandomValue(Type *Tp) {
unsigned index = getRandom();
for (unsigned i=0; i<PT->size(); ++i) {
Value *V = PT->at((index + i) % PT->size());
if (V->getType() == Tp)
return V;
}
// If the requested type was not found, generate a constant value.
if (Tp->isIntegerTy()) {
if (getRandom() & 1)
return ConstantInt::getAllOnesValue(Tp);
return ConstantInt::getNullValue(Tp);
} else if (Tp->isFloatingPointTy()) {
if (getRandom() & 1)
return ConstantFP::getAllOnesValue(Tp);
return ConstantFP::getNullValue(Tp);
} else if (auto *VTp = dyn_cast<FixedVectorType>(Tp)) {
std::vector<Constant*> TempValues;
TempValues.reserve(VTp->getNumElements());
for (unsigned i = 0; i < VTp->getNumElements(); ++i)
TempValues.push_back(getRandomConstant(VTp->getScalarType()));
ArrayRef<Constant*> VectorValue(TempValues);
return ConstantVector::get(VectorValue);
}
return UndefValue::get(Tp);
}
/// Return a random value of any pointer type.
Value *getRandomPointerValue() {
unsigned index = getRandom();
for (unsigned i=0; i<PT->size(); ++i) {
Value *V = PT->at((index + i) % PT->size());
if (V->getType()->isPointerTy())
return V;
}
return UndefValue::get(pickPointerType());
}
/// Return a random value of any vector type.
Value *getRandomVectorValue() {
unsigned index = getRandom();
for (unsigned i=0; i<PT->size(); ++i) {
Value *V = PT->at((index + i) % PT->size());
if (V->getType()->isVectorTy())
return V;
}
return UndefValue::get(pickVectorType());
}
/// Pick a random type.
Type *pickType() {
return (getRandom() & 1) ? pickVectorType() : pickScalarType();
}
/// Pick a random pointer type.
Type *pickPointerType() {
Type *Ty = pickType();
return PointerType::get(Ty, 0);
}
/// Pick a random vector type.
Type *pickVectorType(VectorType *VTy = nullptr) {
// Vectors of x86mmx are illegal; keep trying till we get something else.
Type *Ty;
do {
Ty = pickScalarType();
} while (Ty->isX86_MMXTy());
if (VTy)
return VectorType::get(Ty, VTy->getElementCount());
// Select either fixed length or scalable vectors with 50% probability
// (only if scalable vectors are enabled)
bool Scalable = EnableScalableVectors && getRandom() & 1;
// Pick a random vector width in the range 2**0 to 2**4.
// by adding two randoms we are generating a normal-like distribution
// around 2**3.
unsigned width = 1<<((getRandom() % 3) + (getRandom() % 3));
return VectorType::get(Ty, width, Scalable);
}
/// Pick a random scalar type.
Type *pickScalarType() {
return ScalarTypes[getRandom() % ScalarTypes.size()];
}
/// Basic block to populate
BasicBlock *BB;
/// Value table
PieceTable *PT;
/// Random number generator
Random *Ran;
/// Context
LLVMContext &Context;
std::vector<Type *> ScalarTypes;
};
struct LoadModifier: public Modifier {
LoadModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
// Try to use predefined pointers. If non-exist, use undef pointer value;
Value *Ptr = getRandomPointerValue();
Type *Ty = Ptr->getType()->isOpaquePointerTy()
? pickType()
: Ptr->getType()->getNonOpaquePointerElementType();
Value *V = new LoadInst(Ty, Ptr, "L", BB->getTerminator());
PT->push_back(V);
}
};
struct StoreModifier: public Modifier {
StoreModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
// Try to use predefined pointers. If non-exist, use undef pointer value;
Value *Ptr = getRandomPointerValue();
Type *ValTy = Ptr->getType()->isOpaquePointerTy()
? pickType()
: Ptr->getType()->getNonOpaquePointerElementType();
// Do not store vectors of i1s because they are unsupported
// by the codegen.
if (ValTy->isVectorTy() && ValTy->getScalarSizeInBits() == 1)
return;
Value *Val = getRandomValue(ValTy);
new StoreInst(Val, Ptr, BB->getTerminator());
}
};
struct BinModifier: public Modifier {
BinModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
Value *Val0 = getRandomVal();
Value *Val1 = getRandomValue(Val0->getType());
// Don't handle pointer types.
if (Val0->getType()->isPointerTy() ||
Val1->getType()->isPointerTy())
return;
// Don't handle i1 types.
if (Val0->getType()->getScalarSizeInBits() == 1)
return;
bool isFloat = Val0->getType()->getScalarType()->isFloatingPointTy();
Instruction* Term = BB->getTerminator();
unsigned R = getRandom() % (isFloat ? 7 : 13);
Instruction::BinaryOps Op;
switch (R) {
default: llvm_unreachable("Invalid BinOp");
case 0:{Op = (isFloat?Instruction::FAdd : Instruction::Add); break; }
case 1:{Op = (isFloat?Instruction::FSub : Instruction::Sub); break; }
case 2:{Op = (isFloat?Instruction::FMul : Instruction::Mul); break; }
case 3:{Op = (isFloat?Instruction::FDiv : Instruction::SDiv); break; }
case 4:{Op = (isFloat?Instruction::FDiv : Instruction::UDiv); break; }
case 5:{Op = (isFloat?Instruction::FRem : Instruction::SRem); break; }
case 6:{Op = (isFloat?Instruction::FRem : Instruction::URem); break; }
case 7: {Op = Instruction::Shl; break; }
case 8: {Op = Instruction::LShr; break; }
case 9: {Op = Instruction::AShr; break; }
case 10:{Op = Instruction::And; break; }
case 11:{Op = Instruction::Or; break; }
case 12:{Op = Instruction::Xor; break; }
}
PT->push_back(BinaryOperator::Create(Op, Val0, Val1, "B", Term));
}
};
/// Generate constant values.
struct ConstModifier: public Modifier {
ConstModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
Type *Ty = pickType();
if (Ty->isVectorTy()) {
switch (getRandom() % 2) {
case 0: if (Ty->isIntOrIntVectorTy())
return PT->push_back(ConstantVector::getAllOnesValue(Ty));
break;
case 1: if (Ty->isIntOrIntVectorTy())
return PT->push_back(ConstantVector::getNullValue(Ty));
}
}
if (Ty->isFloatingPointTy()) {
// Generate 128 random bits, the size of the (currently)
// largest floating-point types.
uint64_t RandomBits[2];
for (unsigned i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
RandomBits[i] = Ran->Rand64();
APInt RandomInt(Ty->getPrimitiveSizeInBits(), ArrayRef(RandomBits));
APFloat RandomFloat(Ty->getFltSemantics(), RandomInt);
if (getRandom() & 1)
return PT->push_back(ConstantFP::getNullValue(Ty));
return PT->push_back(ConstantFP::get(Ty->getContext(), RandomFloat));
}
if (Ty->isIntegerTy()) {
switch (getRandom() % 7) {
case 0:
return PT->push_back(ConstantInt::get(
Ty, APInt::getAllOnes(Ty->getPrimitiveSizeInBits())));
case 1:
return PT->push_back(
ConstantInt::get(Ty, APInt::getZero(Ty->getPrimitiveSizeInBits())));
case 2:
case 3:
case 4:
case 5:
case 6:
PT->push_back(ConstantInt::get(Ty, getRandom()));
}
}
}
};
struct AllocaModifier: public Modifier {
AllocaModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
Type *Tp = pickType();
const DataLayout &DL = BB->getModule()->getDataLayout();
PT->push_back(new AllocaInst(Tp, DL.getAllocaAddrSpace(),
"A", BB->getFirstNonPHI()));
}
};
struct ExtractElementModifier: public Modifier {
ExtractElementModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
Value *Val0 = getRandomVectorValue();
Value *V = ExtractElementInst::Create(
Val0,
getRandomValue(Type::getInt32Ty(BB->getContext())),
"E", BB->getTerminator());
return PT->push_back(V);
}
};
struct ShuffModifier: public Modifier {
ShuffModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
Value *Val0 = getRandomVectorValue();
Value *Val1 = getRandomValue(Val0->getType());
// Can't express arbitrary shufflevectors for scalable vectors
if (isa<ScalableVectorType>(Val0->getType()))
return;
unsigned Width = cast<FixedVectorType>(Val0->getType())->getNumElements();
std::vector<Constant*> Idxs;
Type *I32 = Type::getInt32Ty(BB->getContext());
for (unsigned i=0; i<Width; ++i) {
Constant *CI = ConstantInt::get(I32, getRandom() % (Width*2));
// Pick some undef values.
if (!(getRandom() % 5))
CI = UndefValue::get(I32);
Idxs.push_back(CI);
}
Constant *Mask = ConstantVector::get(Idxs);
Value *V = new ShuffleVectorInst(Val0, Val1, Mask, "Shuff",
BB->getTerminator());
PT->push_back(V);
}
};
struct InsertElementModifier: public Modifier {
InsertElementModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
Value *Val0 = getRandomVectorValue();
Value *Val1 = getRandomValue(Val0->getType()->getScalarType());
Value *V = InsertElementInst::Create(
Val0, Val1,
getRandomValue(Type::getInt32Ty(BB->getContext())),
"I", BB->getTerminator());
return PT->push_back(V);
}
};
struct CastModifier: public Modifier {
CastModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
Value *V = getRandomVal();
Type *VTy = V->getType();
Type *DestTy = pickScalarType();
// Handle vector casts vectors.
if (VTy->isVectorTy())
DestTy = pickVectorType(cast<VectorType>(VTy));
// no need to cast.
if (VTy == DestTy) return;
// Pointers:
if (VTy->isPointerTy()) {
if (!DestTy->isPointerTy())
DestTy = PointerType::get(DestTy, 0);
return PT->push_back(
new BitCastInst(V, DestTy, "PC", BB->getTerminator()));
}
unsigned VSize = VTy->getScalarType()->getPrimitiveSizeInBits();
unsigned DestSize = DestTy->getScalarType()->getPrimitiveSizeInBits();
// Generate lots of bitcasts.
if ((getRandom() & 1) && VSize == DestSize) {
return PT->push_back(
new BitCastInst(V, DestTy, "BC", BB->getTerminator()));
}
// Both types are integers:
if (VTy->isIntOrIntVectorTy() && DestTy->isIntOrIntVectorTy()) {
if (VSize > DestSize) {
return PT->push_back(
new TruncInst(V, DestTy, "Tr", BB->getTerminator()));
} else {
assert(VSize < DestSize && "Different int types with the same size?");
if (getRandom() & 1)
return PT->push_back(
new ZExtInst(V, DestTy, "ZE", BB->getTerminator()));
return PT->push_back(new SExtInst(V, DestTy, "Se", BB->getTerminator()));
}
}
// Fp to int.
if (VTy->isFPOrFPVectorTy() && DestTy->isIntOrIntVectorTy()) {
if (getRandom() & 1)
return PT->push_back(
new FPToSIInst(V, DestTy, "FC", BB->getTerminator()));
return PT->push_back(new FPToUIInst(V, DestTy, "FC", BB->getTerminator()));
}
// Int to fp.
if (VTy->isIntOrIntVectorTy() && DestTy->isFPOrFPVectorTy()) {
if (getRandom() & 1)
return PT->push_back(
new SIToFPInst(V, DestTy, "FC", BB->getTerminator()));
return PT->push_back(new UIToFPInst(V, DestTy, "FC", BB->getTerminator()));
}
// Both floats.
if (VTy->isFPOrFPVectorTy() && DestTy->isFPOrFPVectorTy()) {
if (VSize > DestSize) {
return PT->push_back(
new FPTruncInst(V, DestTy, "Tr", BB->getTerminator()));
} else if (VSize < DestSize) {
return PT->push_back(
new FPExtInst(V, DestTy, "ZE", BB->getTerminator()));
}
// If VSize == DestSize, then the two types must be fp128 and ppc_fp128,
// for which there is no defined conversion. So do nothing.
}
}
};
struct SelectModifier: public Modifier {
SelectModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
// Try a bunch of different select configuration until a valid one is found.
Value *Val0 = getRandomVal();
Value *Val1 = getRandomValue(Val0->getType());
Type *CondTy = Type::getInt1Ty(Context);
// If the value type is a vector, and we allow vector select, then in 50%
// of the cases generate a vector select.
if (auto *VTy = dyn_cast<VectorType>(Val0->getType()))
if (getRandom() & 1)
CondTy = VectorType::get(CondTy, VTy->getElementCount());
Value *Cond = getRandomValue(CondTy);
Value *V = SelectInst::Create(Cond, Val0, Val1, "Sl", BB->getTerminator());
return PT->push_back(V);
}
};
struct CmpModifier: public Modifier {
CmpModifier(BasicBlock *BB, PieceTable *PT, Random *R)
: Modifier(BB, PT, R) {}
void Act() override {
Value *Val0 = getRandomVal();
Value *Val1 = getRandomValue(Val0->getType());
if (Val0->getType()->isPointerTy()) return;
bool fp = Val0->getType()->getScalarType()->isFloatingPointTy();
int op;
if (fp) {
op = getRandom() %
(CmpInst::LAST_FCMP_PREDICATE - CmpInst::FIRST_FCMP_PREDICATE) +
CmpInst::FIRST_FCMP_PREDICATE;
} else {
op = getRandom() %
(CmpInst::LAST_ICMP_PREDICATE - CmpInst::FIRST_ICMP_PREDICATE) +
CmpInst::FIRST_ICMP_PREDICATE;
}
Value *V = CmpInst::Create(fp ? Instruction::FCmp : Instruction::ICmp,
(CmpInst::Predicate)op, Val0, Val1, "Cmp",
BB->getTerminator());
return PT->push_back(V);
}
};
} // end anonymous namespace
static void FillFunction(Function *F, Random &R) {
// Create a legal entry block.
BasicBlock *BB = BasicBlock::Create(F->getContext(), "BB", F);
ReturnInst::Create(F->getContext(), BB);
// Create the value table.
Modifier::PieceTable PT;
// Consider arguments as legal values.
for (auto &arg : F->args())
PT.push_back(&arg);
// List of modifiers which add new random instructions.
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Modifier>> Modifiers;
Modifiers.emplace_back(new LoadModifier(BB, &PT, &R));
Modifiers.emplace_back(new StoreModifier(BB, &PT, &R));
auto SM = Modifiers.back().get();
Modifiers.emplace_back(new ExtractElementModifier(BB, &PT, &R));
Modifiers.emplace_back(new ShuffModifier(BB, &PT, &R));
Modifiers.emplace_back(new InsertElementModifier(BB, &PT, &R));
Modifiers.emplace_back(new BinModifier(BB, &PT, &R));
Modifiers.emplace_back(new CastModifier(BB, &PT, &R));
Modifiers.emplace_back(new SelectModifier(BB, &PT, &R));
Modifiers.emplace_back(new CmpModifier(BB, &PT, &R));
// Generate the random instructions
AllocaModifier{BB, &PT, &R}.ActN(5); // Throw in a few allocas
ConstModifier{BB, &PT, &R}.ActN(40); // Throw in a few constants
for (unsigned i = 0; i < SizeCL / Modifiers.size(); ++i)
for (auto &Mod : Modifiers)
Mod->Act();
SM->ActN(5); // Throw in a few stores.
}
static void IntroduceControlFlow(Function *F, Random &R) {
std::vector<Instruction*> BoolInst;
for (auto &Instr : F->front()) {
if (Instr.getType() == IntegerType::getInt1Ty(F->getContext()))
BoolInst.push_back(&Instr);
}
llvm::shuffle(BoolInst.begin(), BoolInst.end(), R);
for (auto *Instr : BoolInst) {
BasicBlock *Curr = Instr->getParent();
BasicBlock::iterator Loc = Instr->getIterator();
BasicBlock *Next = Curr->splitBasicBlock(Loc, "CF");
Instr->moveBefore(Curr->getTerminator());
if (Curr != &F->getEntryBlock()) {
BranchInst::Create(Curr, Next, Instr, Curr->getTerminator());
Curr->getTerminator()->eraseFromParent();
}
}
}
} // end namespace llvm
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
using namespace llvm;
InitLLVM X(argc, argv);
cl::HideUnrelatedOptions({&StressCategory, &getColorCategory()});
cl::ParseCommandLineOptions(argc, argv, "llvm codegen stress-tester\n");
LLVMContext Context;
auto M = std::make_unique<Module>("/tmp/autogen.bc", Context);
Function *F = GenEmptyFunction(M.get());
// Pick an initial seed value
Random R(SeedCL);
// Generate lots of random instructions inside a single basic block.
FillFunction(F, R);
// Break the basic block into many loops.
IntroduceControlFlow(F, R);
// Figure out what stream we are supposed to write to...
std::unique_ptr<ToolOutputFile> Out;
// Default to standard output.
if (OutputFilename.empty())
OutputFilename = "-";
std::error_code EC;
Out.reset(new ToolOutputFile(OutputFilename, EC, sys::fs::OF_None));
if (EC) {
errs() << EC.message() << '\n';
return 1;
}
// Check that the generated module is accepted by the verifier.
if (verifyModule(*M.get(), &Out->os()))
report_fatal_error("Broken module found, compilation aborted!");
// Output textual IR.
M->print(Out->os(), nullptr);
Out->keep();
return 0;
}
``` |
Oparara is a genus of South Pacific intertidal spiders first described by Raymond Robert Forster & C. L. Wilton in 1973. it contains only two species, both found in New Zealand.
References
Araneomorphae genera
Desidae
Spiders of New Zealand
Taxa named by Raymond Robert Forster |
In chemistry, molality is a measure of the amount of solute in a solution relative to a given mass of solvent. This contrasts with the definition of molarity which is based on a given volume of solution.
A commonly used unit for molality is the moles per kilogram (mol/kg). A solution of concentration 1 mol/kg is also sometimes denoted as 1 molal. The unit mol/kg requires that molar mass be expressed in kg/mol, instead of the usual g/mol or kg/kmol.
Definition
The molality (b), of a solution is defined as the amount of substance (in moles) of solute, nsolute, divided by the mass (in kg) of the solvent, msolvent:
In the case of solutions with more than one solvent, molality can be defined for the mixed solvent considered as a pure pseudo-solvent. Instead of mole solute per kilogram solvent as in the binary case, units are defined as mole solute per kilogram mixed solvent.
Origin
The term molality is formed in analogy to molarity which is the molar concentration of a solution. The earliest known use of the intensive property molality and of its adjectival unit, the now-deprecated molal, appears to have been published by G. N. Lewis and M. Randall in the 1923 publication of Thermodynamics and the Free Energies of Chemical Substances. Though the two terms are subject to being confused with one another, the molality and molarity of a dilute aqueous solution are nearly the same, as one kilogram of water (solvent) occupies the volume of 1 liter at room temperature and a small amount of solute has little effect on the volume.
Unit
The SI unit for molality is moles per kilogram of solvent.
A solution with a molality of 3 mol/kg is often described as "3 molal", "3 m" or "3 m". However, following the SI system of units, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the United States authority on measurement, considers the term "molal" and the unit symbol "m" to be obsolete, and suggests mol/kg or a related unit of the SI.
Usage considerations
Advantages
The primary advantage of using molality as a measure of concentration is that molality only depends on the masses of solute and solvent, which are unaffected by variations in temperature and pressure. In contrast, solutions prepared volumetrically (e.g. molar concentration or mass concentration) are likely to change as temperature and pressure change. In many applications, this is a significant advantage because the mass, or the amount, of a substance is often more important than its volume (e.g. in a limiting reagent problem).
Another advantage of molality is the fact that the molality of one solute in a solution is independent of the presence or absence of other solutes.
Problem areas
Unlike all the other compositional properties listed in "Relation" section (below), molality depends on the choice of the substance to be called “solvent” in an arbitrary mixture. If there is only one pure liquid substance in a mixture, the choice is clear, but not all solutions are this clear-cut: in an alcohol–water solution, either one could be called the solvent; in an alloy, or solid solution, there is no clear choice and all constituents may be treated alike. In such situations, mass or mole fraction is the preferred compositional specification.
Relation to other compositional quantities
In what follows, the solvent may be given the same treatment as the other constituents of the solution, such that the molality of the solvent of an n-solute solution, say b0, is found to be nothing more than the reciprocal of its molar mass, M0 (expressed as kg/mol):
For the solutes the expression of molalities is similar:
The expressions linking molalities to mass fractions and mass concentrations contain the molar masses of the solutes Mi:
Similarly the equalities below are obtained from the definitions of the molalities and of the other compositional quantities.
The mole fraction of solvent can be obtained from the definition by dividing the numerator and denominator to the amount of solvent n0:
Then the sum of ratios of the other mole amounts to the amount of solvent is substituted with expressions from below containing molalities:
giving the result
Mass fraction
The conversions to and from the mass fraction, w1, of the solute in a single-solute solution are
where b1 is the molality and M1 is the molar mass of the solute.
More generally, for an n-solute/one-solvent solution, letting bi and wi be, respectively, the molality and mass fraction of the i-th solute,
where Mi is the molar mass of the ith solute, and w0 is the mass fraction of the solvent, which is expressible both as a function of the molalities as well as a function of the other mass fractions,
Substitution gives:
Mole fraction
The conversions to and from the mole fraction, x1 mole fraction of the solute in a single-solute solution are
where M0 is the molar mass of the solvent.
More generally, for an n-solute/one-solvent solution, letting xi be the mole fraction of the ith solute,
where x0 is the mole fraction of the solvent, expressible both as a function of the molalities as well as a function of the other mole fractions:
Substitution gives:
Molar concentration (molarity)
The conversions to and from the molar concentration, c1, for one-solute solutions are
where ρ is the mass density of the solution, b1 is the molality, and M1 is the molar mass (in kg/mol) of the solute.
For solutions with n solutes, the conversions are
where the molar concentration of the solvent c0 is expressible both as a function of the molalities as well as a function of the other molarities:
Substitution gives:
Mass concentration
The conversions to and from the mass concentration, ρsolute, of a single-solute solution are
or
where ρ is the mass density of the solution, b1 is the molality, and M1 is the molar mass of the solute.
For the general n-solute solution, the mass concentration of the ith solute, ρi, is related to its molality, bi, as follows:
where the mass concentration of the solvent, ρ0, is expressible both as a function of the molalities as well as a function of the other mass concentrations:
Substitution gives:
Equal ratios
Alternatively, one may use just the last two equations given for the compositional property of the solvent in each of the preceding sections, together with the relationships given below, to derive the remainder of properties in that set:
where i and j are subscripts representing all the constituents, the n solutes plus the solvent.
Example of conversion
An acid mixture consists of 0.76, 0.04, and 0.20 mass fractions of 70% HNO3, 49% HF, and H2O, where the percentages refer to mass fractions of the bottled acids carrying a balance of H2O. The first step is determining the mass fractions of the constituents:
The approximate molar masses in kg/mol are
First derive the molality of the solvent, in mol/kg,
and use that to derive all the others by use of the equal ratios:
Actually, bH2O cancels out, because it is not needed. In this case, there is a more direct equation: we use it to derive the molality of HF:
The mole fractions may be derived from this result:
Osmolality
Osmolality is a variation of molality that takes into account only solutes that contribute to a solution's osmotic pressure. It is measured in osmoles of the solute per kilogram of water. This unit is frequently used in medical laboratory results in place of osmolarity, because it can be measured simply by depression of the freezing point of a solution, or cryoscopy (see also: osmostat and colligative properties).
Relation to apparent (molar) properties
Molality appears in the expression of the apparent (molar) volume of a solute as a function of the molality b of that solute (and density of the solution and solvent):
For multicomponent systems the relation is slightly modified by the sum of molalities of solutes. Also a total molality and a mean apparent molar volume can be defined for the solutes together and also a mean molar mass of the solutes as if they were a single solute. In this case the first equality from above is modified with the mean molar mass M of the pseudosolute instead of the molar mass of the single solute:
,
, yi,j being ratios involving molalities of solutes i,j and the total molality bT.
The sum of products molalities - apparent molar volumes of solutes in their binary solutions equals the product between the sum of molalities of solutes and apparent molar volume in ternary or multicomponent solution.
,
Relation to apparent molar properties and activity coefficients
For concentrated ionic solutions the activity coefficient of the electrolyte is split into electric and statistical components.
The statistical part includes molality b, hydration index number h, the number of ions from the dissociation and the ratio ra between the apparent molar volume of the electrolyte and the molar volume of water.
Concentrated solution statistical part of the activity coefficient is:
Molalities of a ternary or multicomponent solution
The molalities of solutes b1, b2 in a ternary solution obtained by mixing two binary aqueous solutions with different solutes (say a sugar and a salt or two different salts) are different than the initial molalities of the solutes bii in their binary solutions.
The content of solvent in mass fractions w01 and w02 from each solution of masses ms1 and ms2 to be mixed as a function of initial molalities is calculated. Then the amount (mol) of solute from each binary solution is divided by the sum of masses of water after mixing:
Mass fractions of each solute in the initial solutions w11 and w22
are expressed as a function of the initial molalities b11, b22 :
These expressions of mass fractions are substituted in the final molalitaties.
The results for a ternary solution can be extended to a multicomponent solution (with more than two solutes).
From the molalities of the binary solutions
The molalities of the solutes in a ternary solution can be expressed also from molalities in the binary solutions and their masses:
The binary solution molalities are:
The masses of the solutes determined from the molalities of the solutes and the masses of water can be substituted in the expressions of the masses of solutions:
Similarly for the mass of the second solution:
From here one can obtain the masses of water to be summed in the denominator of the molalitities of the solutes in the ternary solutions.
Thus the ternary molalities are:
See also
Molarity
References
Chemical properties
Mass-specific quantities
es:Concentración#Molalidad |
A total of fourteen women have served as the first minister of a Canadian government. Of these, one was prime minister of the country, nine were premiers of a province and four were premiers of a territory. Two are currently in office.
Women have been eligible to become premier since they first gained the right to vote, beginning in 1916 in Manitoba and extending to all jurisdictions when Quebec allowed women to vote in 1940 (the Northwest Territories did not allow women to vote until later, but it did not have premiers at the time). Women soon began to be appointed to cabinet positions, starting with Mary Ellen Smith in British Columbia in 1921, but it was not until decades later that women began to serve as leaders of a major party. Hilda Watson became the first woman to lead her party to victory in a general election in 1978. However, since Yukon did not have premiers at the time, and Watson did not win her riding, her successor became the first Government Leader of the Yukon. The first female premier was Rita Johnston in 1991 in British Columbia. Today, every Canadian jurisdiction has had at least one female premier except for Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Saskatchewan.
The most female first ministers at any one time was six, for 277 days from 11 February to 15 November 2013. These six included the premiers of Canada's four most populated provinces, so during that time approximately 88% of Canadians had a female premier. The longest-serving female premier is Christy Clark, who served as premier of British Columbia for over six years, from 14 March 2011 to 18 July 2017.
Three of the thirteen female premiers won the title by defeating an incumbent premier in a general election, and another three earned their positions through consensus government systems that lack political parties. The rest won the title through a party leadership race, although several then went on to win a general election as the incumbent premier. No female premier in Canadian history has ever been re-elected to form government. Out of all of the female premiers that have won an election and went on to form government, none of them were re-elected, that is, not one succeeded in being returned to office. Christy Clark won the 2013 BC election and she led her party to win the most seats in the 2017 election, but she was not successful in forming government as the BC Liberals were defeated in a confidence vote shortly after.
There are currently two female first ministers in Canada Caroline Cochrane (13th Premier of the Northwest Territories), who assumed office on 24 October 2019 and Danielle Smith (19th Premier of Alberta) who assumed office on 11 October 2022.
Timeline of female first ministers
See also
Women in Canadian politics
List of Canadian women government ministers
List of vicereines in Canada
List of elected or appointed female heads of state
List of Asian-Canadian first ministers
List of female prime ministers
List of female governors in the United States
List of female heads of government in Australia
References
First ministers
Female
Canada |
Wim Henderickx (; 17 March 196218 December 2022) was a Belgian composer of contemporary classical music. He was composer in residence at Muziektheater Transparant and the Antwerp Symphony Orchestra, writing operas and other stage works. His music was influenced by oriental music and philosophy. He taught composition at the Royal Conservatoire of Antwerp and the Conservatorium van Amsterdam.
Life and career
Henderickx was born in Lier and began his music career as a jazz and rock drummer. He studied percussion and composition at the Royal Conservatoire of Antwerp, graduating in percussion in 1984, and in composition in 1992 with Willem Kersters. He studied sonology at IRCAM and at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague. In the 1990s he also attended the Darmstädter Ferienkurse.
Henderickx was a professor of analysis, harmony and counterpoint at the Royal Conservatoire of Antwerp from 1986 to 1995. He taught composition, harmony and counterpoint at the Lemmensinstituut in Leuven from 1989 to 2002. From 1995, he was professor of composition and analysis in Antwerp, and from 2002, also professor of composition at the Conservatorium van Amsterdam. He was composer in residence at Muziektheater Transparant beginning in 1996. From 2000 he was the main coach of the Summer Composition Course SoundMine for young composers at Provinciaal Domein Dommelhof in Neerpelt. From 2013, he was an artist in residence at deFilharmonie (now the Antwerp Symphony Orchestra). In 2017, his Requiem was performed by Opera Ballet Flanders, and choreographed by Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui. His opera De Bekeerlinge (The Convert) was premiered in May 2022, becoming Opera Ballet Flanders' most successful contemporary production in over 20 years.
Henderickx died at his home on 18 December 2022, at the age of 60.
Music and style
Henderickx composed operas, orchestral and chorale works, works for wind bands, and chamber music. He used electronics in his works. His music is characterised by non-western elements, chiefly Indian classical music, raga, and the rhythms of African music. It employs changing timbres and structures inspired by Eastern philosophy. He was influenced by Olivier Messiaen, Iannis Xenakis, Igor Stravinsky, György Ligeti and Béla Bartók. As a percussionist, he often made use of an extended arsenal of percussion instruments.
Works
Many of Henderickx's early works were influenced by oriental music and philosophy. He wrote Mysterium (1989) for 10 woodwinds, OM (1992) for string quartet, and Dawn (1992) for mezzo-soprano, female chorus and instrumental ensemble.
His opera (2000) was commissioned by Muziektheater Transparant and toured in Belgium and the Netherlands.
His opera for young people, Achilleus, was produced in 2003 by the Flemish Opera. It was translated into Danish and staged in Copenhagen in 2006.
Een Totale Entführung was a music theatre production made in cooperation with Ramsey Nasr and based on Mozart's Die Entführung aus dem Serail. The 2006 Olek schoot een beer was based on Bart Moeyaert's adaptation of the Firebird story.
Henderickx wrote Canzone for voice and piano for the semi-finals of the 2008 Queen Elisabeth Music Competition.
After a trip through India and Nepal, Henderickx created his "Tantric Cycle":
The Seven Chakras (2004) for string quartet
Nada Brahma (2005) for soprano, ensemble and electronics
Maya's Dream (2005) for oboe and ensemble
Void/Sunyata (2007) for five singers, ensemble and electronics, commissioned by Music Theatre Transparent and based on a Shri Yantra
Disappearing in Light (2008) for mezzo-soprano, viola, alto flute and percussion
Tejas (what does the sound of the universe look like?) (2009) for orchestra, commissioned by the Royal Flemish Philharmonic
Mudra (2010) for mixed ensemble.
Groove! is a large symphonic work for percussion and orchestra, and was premiered in February 2011 by the Brussels Philharmonic with Gert François as percussion soloist.
Medea for music theatre toured Belgium and the Netherlands in 2011–2013 with HERMESensemble and four actors of the Dutch Veenfabriek and Wim Henderickx as conductor.
His Symphony No. 1 "At the Edge of the World" was premiered by the National Orchestra of Belgium (NOB) in Luxemburg in 2012 with as conductor, and was performed with various orchestras in Brussels, Antwerp, Halle, and Magdeburg.
Within the International Society for Contemporary Music (ISCM) World Music Days 2012 in Antwerp and November Music in den Bosch, he conducted the premiere of Atlantic Wall with HERMESensemble, a work for mezzo-soprano, instrumental ensemble, video, and electronics.
In 2014 he composed Antifoon (A resonating bridge) for 500 musicians. He conducted the open air spectacle on a bridge between Hasselt and Genk. In May 2015, his large choral work Visioni ed Estasi premiered with 200 singers, both professional and amateurs, at the St. Rumbold's Cathedral, during the Flanders Festival in Mechelen with James Wood as the general conductor.
In March 2017 his Symphony No. 2 "Aquarius' Dream" was premiered with the Antwerp Symphony Orchestra, Claron McFadden, and Thierry Fischer as the conductor at the new Queen Elisabeth Hall in Antwerp. In April 2017 the music theatre production Revelations premiered at the Opera21 Festival in Antwerp with Muziektheater Transparant, Cappella Amsterdam, and the HERMESensemble.
His works are published by Norsk Musikforlag in Oslo, Norway.
Recordings
Albums with music by Henderickx include:
Raga I, II, III (1999)
Confrontations for African and Western percussion (2004)
Disappearing in Light, with HERMESensemble
Tejas and Other Orchestral Works, performed by deFilharmonie and conducted by Martyn Brabbins
Triptych, with HERMESensemble
At the Edge of the World, with the Antwerp Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Brabbins and Edo de Waart.
Patchwork (EtCetera KTC 1794 (2023)) includes a recording of Gishora by Peter Verhoyen (piccolo) and Pieterjan Vranckx (seven African drums)
Awards
Henderickx received the Jeugd-en Muziekprijs Vlaanderen, the International Composition Prize for Contemporary Music in Quebec, Canada, and the triennial E. Baie I prize for a talented Flemish artist in 1999 from the province of Antwerp. He became the Arts Laureate of the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium in 2002. In 2006 the Minister of Culture nominated him for the Flanders Culture Prize. He received the Lifetime Achievement Culture Prize in Lier in 2011. He was appointed a member of the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium (KVAB) for Science and the Arts in 2015.
References
External links
Summer Composition Course Soundmine, concert 2014
1962 births
2022 deaths
Belgian classical composers
Belgian male classical composers
21st-century classical composers
Conservatorium van Amsterdam alumni
People from Lier, Belgium
Royal Conservatory of The Hague alumni
21st-century male musicians |
Margaret Augusta Eliot (26 February 1914 – 27 February 2011) was an English music teacher and musician. She was a professor of oboe at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, and her best-known student (from 1948) was George Martin; in 2011, just before her death at age 97, she appeared in the documentary film Produced by George Martin. In the early 1960s she also taught Paul McCartney to successfully play the recorder, which he later used to effect, for the recording of, "The Fool on the Hill".
Eliot was also an honorary member of the Royal Academy of Music.
Family
Margaret Eliot was born to Hon. Edward Granville Eliot (1878–1958) - a younger brother of both 7th and 8th Earls of St Germans - and his wife Clare Louise née Phelips (1883–1927). She was a great granddaughter of Edward Granville Eliot, 3rd Earl of St Germans (1798–1877).
On 27 July 1943, she married Dr Richard Asher (1912–1969); the couple had three children:
Peter Asher (born 1944), who was one half of the pop duo Peter & Gordon and successful music producer;
Jane Asher (born 1946), the film and TV actress, novelist
Clare Asher (born 1948), the radio actress.
References
1914 births
2011 deaths
English classical oboists
Women oboists
Academics of the Guildhall School of Music and Drama
Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music
Margaret Eliot
20th-century classical musicians |
The Well is a 1997 Australian film directed by Samantha Lang and starring Pamela Rabe, Miranda Otto, Paul Chubb, and Frank Wilson. It is based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Elizabeth Jolley.
Synopsis
A young girl named Katherine and her older friend Hester live on an isolated farm run by Hester and her father Francis. Katherine works as a maid and wants to leave because there's too much work. Hester, however, becomes attracted to Katherine and holds her there, promising to give her less work in the future. When Francis dies, Hester decides to sell the farm for cash. They move to small cottage on the edge of the farm and plan to go to Europe. But a tragic accident and the theft of their money change their plans.
Cast
Pamela Rabe as Hester
Miranda Otto as Katherine
Paul Chubb as Harry Bird
Frank Wilson as Francis Harper
Steve Jacobs as Rod Bordern
Geneviève Lemon as Jen Bordern
Simon Lyndon as Abel
Kati Edwards as Molly
Luke Harrison as Bordern Child
Daniel Harrison as Bordern Child
Jennifer Kent as Marg Trinder
Stephen Rae as Murray Trinder
Cameron Shanahan as Bordern Child
Miles Shanahan as Bordern Child
Paul Caesar as Jock
Annalise Lise as Lover
Jamie McLeod as Hitchhiker
Production
Sandra Levy bought the rights to the novel and hired Laura Jones to adapt. They worked on the project for around six years, and then Samantha Lang became involved as director.
Awards
In 1997 it won three AFI Awards presented by the Australian Film Institute: Best Achievement in Production Design - Michael Philips, Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role - Pamela Rabe and Best Screenplay Adapted from Another Source - Laura Jones.
In 1997 it was nominated for eight AFI awards: Best Achievement in Cinematography - Mandy Walker, Best Achievement in Costume Design - Anna Borghesi, Best Achievement in Direction - Samantha Lang, Best Achievement in Editing - Dany Cooper, Best Achievement in Sound - Anne Breslin, Gethin Creagh, Bronwyn Murphy, Best Film - Sandra Levy, Best Original Music Score - Stephen Rae, Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role - Miranda Otto.
In 1997 it was nominated for the Golden Palm award at the Cannes Film Festival
In 1997 Pamela Rabe received best actress at the Stockholm Film Festival.
In 1998 it won the FCCA award presented by the Film Critics Circle of Australia Awards: Best Screenplay - Adapted - Laura Jones
In 1998 it was nominated for three FCCA awards: Best Actor (Female) - Miranda Otto, Best Actor (Female) - Pamela Rabe and Best Cinematography - Mandy Walker
Box office
The Well grossed $393,920 at the box office in Australia.
See also
Cinema of Australia
References
External links
The Well at Oz Movies
The Well at the National Film and Sound Archive
Australian drama films
1997 films
1997 drama films
Films directed by Samantha Lang
Films based on Australian novels
Films based on British novels
1990s English-language films |
The 2001 Grand Valley State Lakers football team that represented the Grand Valley State University in the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (GLIAC) during the 2001 NCAA Division II football season. In their 11th season under head coach Brian Kelly, the Lakers compiled a 13–1 record (9–0 against conference opponents), outscored opponents by a total of 707 to 231, and won the GLIAC championship. The team qualified for the playoffs and advanced to the national championship game where they lost to North Dakota.
The team played its home games at Lubbers Stadium in Allendale Charter Township, Michigan.
Schedule
References
Grand Valley State
Grand Valley State Lakers football seasons
Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference football champion seasons
Grand Valley State Lakers football |
```smalltalk
namespace Android.Util {
partial class Base64OutputStream {
#if ANDROID_8
public Base64OutputStream (System.IO.Stream @out, Base64Flags flags)
: this (@out, (int) flags)
{
}
#endif
}
}
``` |
Arthur Henry Dallimore (14 September 1873 – 23 July 1970) was a New Zealand Pentecostal minister and British-Israelite. He was born in Penshurst, Kent, England on 14 September 1873.
References
1873 births
1970 deaths
English emigrants to New Zealand
New Zealand Pentecostals
British Israelism |
Hastings Historical Society Museum is a heritage-listed former retail store and now museum at 22 Clarence Street, Port Macquarie, Port Macquarie-Hastings Council, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1835 to 1840 by William Stokes. It is also known as Port Macquarie Historical Society Museum and Port Macquarie Museum. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
History
The museum building was used as a store until well into the twentieth century. The block of land on which the Museum now stands was purchased at auction by Edward McRoberts on 14 February 1834 for 13 pounds 8 shillings, 8 pence. The titles were issued to him on 22 December 1834.
The older western portion of this building was probably erected between 1835 and 1840. It was owned by Mr W. Stokes sometime after 1834 but little is known until 17 January 1853 when Samuel H. and Elizabeth Cohen, storekeepers, sold out to William Killion, another storekeeper, for 75 pounds.
He in turn sold out to another storekeeper, James H. Young on 25 January 1868 for 60 pounds. Young sold to Francis Marchment on 6 September 1881 for 120 pounds and it was about this time that the eastern section was added. The property remained in the marchment family until sold to A. P. Hayward on 14 January 1925.
Francis Marchment (1843-1923) occupied this building from 1881 to 1925. He immigrated from Gloucestershire in 1862 and arrived in Port Macquarie in 1869 with his partner George Day. They procured a 3 tonne cutter and traded extensively on the Hastings River particularly to Rawdon Island and Beechwood. Day sold out after a short time. Trade was chiefly by barter, the settlers providing cedar logs, hides, poultry and corn in return for sugar, flour, tea, salt and clothes. The cedar logs were towed in rafts behind the cutter. His traders horn was a welcome sound to the settlers along the river, as his cutter was the only contact with the outside world and for fresh supplies.
He met his wife Christina Newberry 1855-1911 at Rawdon Island. There was a family of seven sons and two daughters most of whom were born in this building.
It was taken over by the Hastings Historical Society in 1959 and progressively reconstructed with major additions in 1968 and 1977. During the initial renovations and restoration evidence of alterations during its earlier existence were found together with foundation bricks bearing arrows and other convict marks. Later extensions have been made to accommodate additional research, storage and display areas and office space.
In 2013 the Society commissioned a Cultural Tourism Plan from Kevin Williams of Sydney Scenes, with a grant from the NSW Office of Environment and Heritage. A copy was lodged with the Heritage Council in 2014 and it made recommendations to improve the museum's sustainability.
Description
The architectural style is Old Colonial Georgian. It is a simple two-story building of painted brick construction (hand-made bricks) with hipped iron roof over the original shingles and two chimneys. The roof was formerly gable, but changed when a 13 ft extension was made to the eastern end of the building in the late nineteenth century. This extension involved the removal of an internal staircase attached to the eastern wall. A skillion kitchen formerly extended along the southern wall of the building. Ceilings and upstairs internal walls are boarded. The building was derelict when leased by the Hastings District Historical Society in 1959. Restoration included new flooring to the ground floor, new staircase, paintwork and guttering, replacement of fireplace surrounds, and erection of an annexe. Major extensions were made on the south side in 1968 and in 1977. There were further extensions to the rear of the building in 1988.
The physical condition of the building was reported as excellent as at 11 October 2004. The archaeological potential is medium. Underfloor deposits of convict built bricks have been found during renovation and evidence of earlier building alterations.
Modifications and dates
1834 - store built
1880s - extension to eastern end of building
1959 - renovated
1968 - extension on the south side
1977 - extension on the south side
1988 - further extensions to the rear of the building
Heritage listing
The museum building demonstrates the form scale and style of development which took place when free settlement was permitted in Port Macquarie. One of the only surviving early commercial and residential buildings in Port Macquarie. Located near other historic buildings such as the Courthouse and The Garrison. As a museum it continues to provide a focus for historical research and heritage within the community.
Hastings Historical Society Museum was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
See also
References
Bibliography
Attribution
New South Wales State Heritage Register
Port Macquarie
Retail buildings in New South Wales
Museums in New South Wales
Articles incorporating text from the New South Wales State Heritage Register |
Alina Szapocznikow (; May 16, 1926 – March 2, 1973) was a Polish sculptor and Holocaust survivor. She produced casts of her and her son's body. She worked mainly in bronze and stone and her provocative work recalled genres such as surrealism, nouveau realism, and pop art.
During World War II she was imprisoned in the Pabianice and Łódź Ghettos and in Auschwitz, Bergen-Belsen and Theresienstadt Nazi concentration camps.
Biography
Early life (1926–38)
Szapocznikow was born in Kalisz in 1926 to a Jewish family (mother, father, and one younger brother). Her father, Jakub, was a dentist and her mother, Ryfka "Regina" Auerbach, was a pediatrician. Her family lived in Pabianice near Łódź. During these years, Szapocznikow attended a small Polish elementary school in Pabiance New Town and a State High School of St. Hedwig in Putawskiego St. Her father died from tuberculosis in 1938 right before the war broke out.
Life during World War II (1939–45)
As a thirteen year old, Szapocznikow was soon left all alone with her mother, as her brother went missing shortly after the start of the war. Once they were relocated to the ghetto in Pabianice, they spent two years (February 1940 to May 1942) at the ghetto employed in the hospital – her mother as a doctor and Alina as a nurse. The familial pair continued to work as a doctor and nurse when they were moved to the Łódź ghettos at the end of May before being shipped even farther. They passed through Auschwitz on their way to the concentration camp in Bergen-Belsen.
Szpocznikow and her mother stayed at the camp for a total of 10 months, before being moved from the camp. According to documentation from their stay, the change in internment in autumn of 1943 was due to Szapocznikow's mother scolding of a German doctor who "did not acquit himself well of his duties." By autumn 1943, the familial pair was moved to Terezin where they stayed together for one more year before ultimately being separated. The artist's experiences during the end of the war are unknown. After the war, Szapocnikow headed to Prague with a group of prisoners while her mother returned to Łódź.
Alina Szapocznikow barely spoke of her war experiences during the entirety of her life. However, there are letter fragments of correspondences with her first husband, that mention her war experience: "But the difference is that in the process of your formation in the last 10 years you have not gone through that baptism of despair, all these things, everything didn't end for you irretrievably several times as it did for me in the ghettos and the camps. I'm sorry, Rys, I am embarrassed. You know how much I hate, how ashamed I am for those people who go on or "brag" about the years of torment they have lived through."
Late life (1945-1973)
Alina Szapocznikow, once in Prague, decided to study the art of sculpture. She trained as a sculptor in Otokar Velimsky's studio in Prague from 1945 to 1946. In 1947 she studied at the Academy of Art and Industry in Prague under the tutelage of Josef Wagner, after which she attended Paul Niclausse's atelier at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris. During her time in Paris, she was introduced to the Polish community where she met her first husband, , a Polish art historian, and the director of the Museum of Modern Art in Łódź. The artistic life of France was important in Szapocznikow's development as an artist – she was given the freedom to establish the fundamentals of sculpture. The artist was exposed to and inspired by the works of Jean Arp, Ossip Zadkine, Henry Moore and Alberto Giacometti.
Between the years 1947–1949, Szapocznikow traveled back and forth between Prague and Paris for a time. In 1951, she was afflicted with a sudden illness. She was diagnosed with peritoneal tuberculosis, which was not treatable at the time. Under the recommendation of her doctor, she traveled to Sirod in the Jura Mountains, before a relapse caused her to go to a private hospital in Champagnole. After consulting her doctor, Szapocznikow allowed for the use of an experimental antibiotic (Streptomycin) which assisted in her recovery. She returned to Poland, where she married Stanisławski July 1952 and that same summer they adopted a son named Piotr. The artist took part in numerous competitions to create public monuments to Chopin, Polish-Soviet friendship, Warsaw heroes, the victims of Auschwitz, and Juliusz Słowacki. Szapocznikow and Stanisławski only stayed together for 6 years, before divorcing the summer of 1958, though they remained close for the rest of their lives. She became romantically involved with Polish graphic designer Roman Cieślewicz. They married 1967 in Paris.
In 1962, Szapocznikow was offered a solo show in the Polish Pavilion at the Venice Biennale. The following year she moved to Paris where she became friends with the art critic and founder of the Nouveau Réalisme movement, Pierre Restany. Back in Paris, Szapocznikow started to produce casts of her breasts, stomach, and legs. Working mainly in bronze and stone, Szapocznikow's early artistic production constitutes the first materially documented trace of her own embodiment. In 1963, the artist began to combine fragmented body parts with revolutionary sculpting materials including polyester and polyurethane. Such technical innovation allowed Szapocznikow to immortalize a personal language informed by her exposure to death in childhood, traumatic memories of the Holocaust, as well as witnessing the premature collapse of her own body due to tuberculosis.
Death
In 1968, the artist was diagnosed with breast cancer. Much of her work after her diagnosis, revolved around her inevitable death and the traumas she endured throughout her life. That same year Szapocznikow started making her "tumor" sculptures using resin, gauze, crumpled newspapers and photographs. Through casts of the human body, the artist intended to preserve the impermanence of the body as a source of pain, trauma and truth. Her choice of using photographs of herself and of friends in forms of synthetic resin calls upon the processes of sculpture and photography as grave diggers and carriers of melancholy. One of the last works that Szapocznikow worked on was a purely conceptual project. Encouraged by Pierre Restany, she explored a design that would celebrate and beautify the region of Vesuvius. A paradoxical production, it involved not the crown of Vesuvius but the inside of the crater itself. There was to be a skating rink – inviting skaters to waltz to On the Hills of Manchuria, lighting, ski-lifts, and artificial snow. The design can be described as "the gesture of someone who, in challenging nature, subjugates and enchants it" and the "triviality and the playful character of that gesture." The artists herself comments on the inevitability of the end with the conceptual project: "If one day during a figure skating competition some Peggy Fleming of the time executes her program in the frozen crater and if we, the spectators, amazed by her wonderful and frivolous pirouettes, are surprised by a sudden eruption of lava and become petrified for ever, like the inhabitants of Pompeii, then the triumph of the moment and of the force of transition will be complete. And such a fleeting moment and such a transitory instant are the only symbol of our earthy passage."Alina Szapocznikow died March 2 in Praz-Coutant due to the last phase of her illness, bone cancer and advancing paralysis.
Reception
After the artist's death, Alina Szapocznikow's work was organized into a number of shows. In 1975, the posthumous reception of her work reached its peak where her work was shown extensively throughout Poland, lengthy articles and essays were also written. In the late 1970s and 80s, her work was shown in group exhibitions, but not in many solo exhibitions. In recent years, Alina Szapocznikow has been "rediscovered" by the public and major museums have organized shows including the Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Notable works
War
Throughout her career, Szapocznikow explored the fragmented human body through sculptures of bronze and later used modern plastic materials including polyester, polyurethane, and wiring. Influenced by her experiences as a Polish Jewish woman during World War II, she uses the distorted, decaying, and fragmented human body as a witness to wartime experiences, ultimately criticizing the valorization of labor and militarism. Exhumed, from 1955, is a portrayal of the body after war with a pitted surface texture and hollowed torso. The work evokes heroic Herculean figures and victims of the 79 CE Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in Pompeii, further driving the idea that valorized bodies are not immune to the impact of war.
Human body
Alina Szapocznikow is known for her sculptures of the fragmented female. Made in 1956, Difficult Age is constructed of patinated plaster—a rather delicate medium for sculpture—that can easily be read as a metaphor for the fragility and impermanence of youth and beauty.
After being diagnosed with breast cancer, Alina Szapocznikow began her Tumors Personified series experimenting with polyester resin and polyurethane—a new use of materials which most artists had not utilized at this time. She abstracts feminine sensuality in Illuminated Lips, Marching Lips, and Illuminated Breast among others from 1966 on, which transforms female body parts into utilitarian objects and changes their function. Her male contemporaries (e.g., César Baldaccini, Arman) had exhausted this notion of the mechanized body, but Szapocznikow's functional household objects maintain a strange sensuality.
One of her most recognized and well known works is Grands Ventres (Big Bellies) which depicts two large bellies stacked on top of each other, each around five feet tall. Compared to her other works regarding the body, these are very realistic and soothing to look at. Many of her other works have been regarded as impolite and are not what one might call "tasteful".
Bird
In 1959 Alina Szapocznikow created the sculpture Bird in her studio in Warsaw. Bird was part of a series of abstract works that Szapocznikow created in 1958–1960 that were characterized by their inverted center of gravity and their organic and distinctive expressive forms resembling shapes in nature.
Bird is made from cement and metal, exceptionally heavy materials for its dimensions—the sculpture stands 166 cm tall. With the bird's neck and beak pointing straight upwards to the sky and its wings drawn together, the sculpture suggests the tension in the animal's body during the precise moment of departing from earth, no longer fully on the ground but not yet in the sky.
There are several photographs of Szapocznikow with Bird, including one made by the renowned photographer Tadeusz Rolke.
The sculpture was last exhibited at Polish Painting and Sculpture in 1961 at the Gres Gallery in Washington, D.C., and was considered lost for over 50 years until it was rediscovered in the outhouse of an art collector in upstate New York. When Bird was sold at an auction in April 2016 it broke the record for the most expensive Polish sculpture. This work was shown to the public for the first time in 56 years at The Hepworth Wakefield art gallery.
Exhibitions (solo and two-person)
1960 – 2nd Exhibition of the Sculptures of Alina Szapocznikow at BWA Arsenał, Poznań, Poland
1960 – Alina Szapocznikow (Drawings) at Farsettiarte, Prato, Italy
1960 – Alina Szapocznikow Confrontations at Galeria Krzywe Koło, Warsaw, Poland
1960 – Sculptures of Alina Szapocznikow at 13th Festival of Fine Arts, BWA Gallery, Sopot, Poland
1961 – Alina Szapocznikow (along with Roman Cieślewicz) at Gallery of Fine Arts, Rijeka, Yugoslavia
1961 – Alina Szapocznikow at Kordegarda Gallery, Warsaw, Poland
1962 – Alina Szapocznikow at 31st Biennale, Venice, Italy
1967 – Alina Szapocznikow at Florence Houston Brown Gallery, Paris, France
1967 – Sculptures of Alina Szapocznikow at Zachęta National Gallery of Art, Warsaw, Poland
1968 – Alina Szapocznikow at Cogeime Gallery, Brussels, Belgium
1969 – Outdoor show at Port-Barcarès, France
1970 – Envahissement de Tumeurs (Invasion of Tumors) at Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, Netherlands
1971 – Instant et Chose at Aurora Gallery, Geneva, Switzerland
1973 – Alina Szapocznikow – Tumeurs, Herbier at City of Paris' Museum of Modern Art, Paris, France
1974 – Alina Szapocznikow (Drawings) at Museum of Modern Art, Warsaw, Poland
1975 – Alina Szpocznikow (Drawings) at Aurora Gallery, Geneva, Switzerland
1975 – Retrospective Exhibition of Alina Szapocznikow: 1926–1973 at Museum Sztuki, Łódź, Poland
1976 – Untitled show at Municipal Gallery Arsenal, Poznań, Poland
1976 – Untitled show at Pałac Sztuki i Galeria Pryzmat (Palace of Art), Kraków, Poland
1976 – Untitled show at Municipal Art Gallery of Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
1976 – Untitled show at National Museum, Gdańsk, Poland
1977 – Untitled show at Municipal Art Gallery of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
1978 – Untitled show at Regional Museum of the Kalisz, Kalisz, Poland
1978 – Alina Szapocznikow PhotoSculptures at Salon Krytyków, BWA, Lublin, Poland
1989 – Alina Szapocznikow: 1926–1973 at Galeria Sztuki Sceny Plastycznej KUL, Lublin, Poland
1990 – Alina Szapocznikow: 1926–1973 at Polish Library, Paris, France
1998 – Alina Szapocznikow: 1926–1973 at Zachęta National Gallery of Art, Warsaw, Poland
1998 – Alina Szapocznikow: 1926–1973 at National Museum, Kraków, Poland
1999 – Alina Szapocznikow: 1926–1973 at Museum Sztuki, Łódź, Poland
1999 – Alina Szapocznikow: 1926–1973 at National Museum, Wrocław, Poland
2000 – Alina Szapocznikow at Czech Museum of Art, Prague, Czech Republic
2010 – Out of My Mouth: Chewing Gum Sculptures The Photosculptures of Alina Szapocznikow at the Henry Moore Institute, Leeds
2012 – Alina Szapocznikow: Sculpture, Undone, 1955–1972, at The Museum of Modern Art, New York and at The Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
2013 – Alina Szapocznikow: Du dessin à la sculpture, at Musée National d'Art Moderne, Centre Pompidou, Paris
2015 – Them at Schinkel Pavillon, Berlin, Germany
2015 – Alina Szapocznikow at Andrea Rosen Gallery, New York
2017 – Alina Szapocznikow: Human Landscapes, at The Hepworth Wakefield, England
See also
List of Polish sculptors
References
1926 births
1973 deaths
Polish sculptors
Polish contemporary artists
Łódź Ghetto inmates
Auschwitz concentration camp survivors
Bergen-Belsen concentration camp survivors
Theresienstadt Ghetto survivors
Burials at Montmartre Cemetery
20th-century Polish sculptors
Polish women sculptors
20th-century Polish women artists
Surrealist artists
Women surrealist artists
Polish surrealist artists
Deaths from breast cancer
Deaths from bone cancer
Deaths from cancer in France |
```go
//
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
// this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
// the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
// use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
// of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
// so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
// SOFTWARE.
package yaml
import (
"io"
)
func yaml_insert_token(parser *yaml_parser_t, pos int, token *yaml_token_t) {
//fmt.Println("yaml_insert_token", "pos:", pos, "typ:", token.typ, "head:", parser.tokens_head, "len:", len(parser.tokens))
// Check if we can move the queue at the beginning of the buffer.
if parser.tokens_head > 0 && len(parser.tokens) == cap(parser.tokens) {
if parser.tokens_head != len(parser.tokens) {
copy(parser.tokens, parser.tokens[parser.tokens_head:])
}
parser.tokens = parser.tokens[:len(parser.tokens)-parser.tokens_head]
parser.tokens_head = 0
}
parser.tokens = append(parser.tokens, *token)
if pos < 0 {
return
}
copy(parser.tokens[parser.tokens_head+pos+1:], parser.tokens[parser.tokens_head+pos:])
parser.tokens[parser.tokens_head+pos] = *token
}
// Create a new parser object.
func yaml_parser_initialize(parser *yaml_parser_t) bool {
*parser = yaml_parser_t{
raw_buffer: make([]byte, 0, input_raw_buffer_size),
buffer: make([]byte, 0, input_buffer_size),
}
return true
}
// Destroy a parser object.
func yaml_parser_delete(parser *yaml_parser_t) {
*parser = yaml_parser_t{}
}
// String read handler.
func yaml_string_read_handler(parser *yaml_parser_t, buffer []byte) (n int, err error) {
if parser.input_pos == len(parser.input) {
return 0, io.EOF
}
n = copy(buffer, parser.input[parser.input_pos:])
parser.input_pos += n
return n, nil
}
// Reader read handler.
func yaml_reader_read_handler(parser *yaml_parser_t, buffer []byte) (n int, err error) {
return parser.input_reader.Read(buffer)
}
// Set a string input.
func yaml_parser_set_input_string(parser *yaml_parser_t, input []byte) {
if parser.read_handler != nil {
panic("must set the input source only once")
}
parser.read_handler = yaml_string_read_handler
parser.input = input
parser.input_pos = 0
}
// Set a file input.
func yaml_parser_set_input_reader(parser *yaml_parser_t, r io.Reader) {
if parser.read_handler != nil {
panic("must set the input source only once")
}
parser.read_handler = yaml_reader_read_handler
parser.input_reader = r
}
// Set the source encoding.
func yaml_parser_set_encoding(parser *yaml_parser_t, encoding yaml_encoding_t) {
if parser.encoding != yaml_ANY_ENCODING {
panic("must set the encoding only once")
}
parser.encoding = encoding
}
// Create a new emitter object.
func yaml_emitter_initialize(emitter *yaml_emitter_t) {
*emitter = yaml_emitter_t{
buffer: make([]byte, output_buffer_size),
raw_buffer: make([]byte, 0, output_raw_buffer_size),
states: make([]yaml_emitter_state_t, 0, initial_stack_size),
events: make([]yaml_event_t, 0, initial_queue_size),
}
}
// Destroy an emitter object.
func yaml_emitter_delete(emitter *yaml_emitter_t) {
*emitter = yaml_emitter_t{}
}
// String write handler.
func yaml_string_write_handler(emitter *yaml_emitter_t, buffer []byte) error {
*emitter.output_buffer = append(*emitter.output_buffer, buffer...)
return nil
}
// yaml_writer_write_handler uses emitter.output_writer to write the
// emitted text.
func yaml_writer_write_handler(emitter *yaml_emitter_t, buffer []byte) error {
_, err := emitter.output_writer.Write(buffer)
return err
}
// Set a string output.
func yaml_emitter_set_output_string(emitter *yaml_emitter_t, output_buffer *[]byte) {
if emitter.write_handler != nil {
panic("must set the output target only once")
}
emitter.write_handler = yaml_string_write_handler
emitter.output_buffer = output_buffer
}
// Set a file output.
func yaml_emitter_set_output_writer(emitter *yaml_emitter_t, w io.Writer) {
if emitter.write_handler != nil {
panic("must set the output target only once")
}
emitter.write_handler = yaml_writer_write_handler
emitter.output_writer = w
}
// Set the output encoding.
func yaml_emitter_set_encoding(emitter *yaml_emitter_t, encoding yaml_encoding_t) {
if emitter.encoding != yaml_ANY_ENCODING {
panic("must set the output encoding only once")
}
emitter.encoding = encoding
}
// Set the canonical output style.
func yaml_emitter_set_canonical(emitter *yaml_emitter_t, canonical bool) {
emitter.canonical = canonical
}
// Set the indentation increment.
func yaml_emitter_set_indent(emitter *yaml_emitter_t, indent int) {
if indent < 2 || indent > 9 {
indent = 2
}
emitter.best_indent = indent
}
// Set the preferred line width.
func yaml_emitter_set_width(emitter *yaml_emitter_t, width int) {
if width < 0 {
width = -1
}
emitter.best_width = width
}
// Set if unescaped non-ASCII characters are allowed.
func yaml_emitter_set_unicode(emitter *yaml_emitter_t, unicode bool) {
emitter.unicode = unicode
}
// Set the preferred line break character.
func yaml_emitter_set_break(emitter *yaml_emitter_t, line_break yaml_break_t) {
emitter.line_break = line_break
}
///*
// * Destroy a token object.
// */
//
//YAML_DECLARE(void)
//yaml_token_delete(yaml_token_t *token)
//{
// assert(token); // Non-NULL token object expected.
//
// switch (token.type)
// {
// case YAML_TAG_DIRECTIVE_TOKEN:
// yaml_free(token.data.tag_directive.handle);
// yaml_free(token.data.tag_directive.prefix);
// break;
//
// case YAML_ALIAS_TOKEN:
// yaml_free(token.data.alias.value);
// break;
//
// case YAML_ANCHOR_TOKEN:
// yaml_free(token.data.anchor.value);
// break;
//
// case YAML_TAG_TOKEN:
// yaml_free(token.data.tag.handle);
// yaml_free(token.data.tag.suffix);
// break;
//
// case YAML_SCALAR_TOKEN:
// yaml_free(token.data.scalar.value);
// break;
//
// default:
// break;
// }
//
// memset(token, 0, sizeof(yaml_token_t));
//}
//
///*
// * Check if a string is a valid UTF-8 sequence.
// *
// * Check 'reader.c' for more details on UTF-8 encoding.
// */
//
//static int
//yaml_check_utf8(yaml_char_t *start, size_t length)
//{
// yaml_char_t *end = start+length;
// yaml_char_t *pointer = start;
//
// while (pointer < end) {
// unsigned char octet;
// unsigned int width;
// unsigned int value;
// size_t k;
//
// octet = pointer[0];
// width = (octet & 0x80) == 0x00 ? 1 :
// (octet & 0xE0) == 0xC0 ? 2 :
// (octet & 0xF0) == 0xE0 ? 3 :
// (octet & 0xF8) == 0xF0 ? 4 : 0;
// value = (octet & 0x80) == 0x00 ? octet & 0x7F :
// (octet & 0xE0) == 0xC0 ? octet & 0x1F :
// (octet & 0xF0) == 0xE0 ? octet & 0x0F :
// (octet & 0xF8) == 0xF0 ? octet & 0x07 : 0;
// if (!width) return 0;
// if (pointer+width > end) return 0;
// for (k = 1; k < width; k ++) {
// octet = pointer[k];
// if ((octet & 0xC0) != 0x80) return 0;
// value = (value << 6) + (octet & 0x3F);
// }
// if (!((width == 1) ||
// (width == 2 && value >= 0x80) ||
// (width == 3 && value >= 0x800) ||
// (width == 4 && value >= 0x10000))) return 0;
//
// pointer += width;
// }
//
// return 1;
//}
//
// Create STREAM-START.
func yaml_stream_start_event_initialize(event *yaml_event_t, encoding yaml_encoding_t) {
*event = yaml_event_t{
typ: yaml_STREAM_START_EVENT,
encoding: encoding,
}
}
// Create STREAM-END.
func yaml_stream_end_event_initialize(event *yaml_event_t) {
*event = yaml_event_t{
typ: yaml_STREAM_END_EVENT,
}
}
// Create DOCUMENT-START.
func yaml_document_start_event_initialize(
event *yaml_event_t,
version_directive *yaml_version_directive_t,
tag_directives []yaml_tag_directive_t,
implicit bool,
) {
*event = yaml_event_t{
typ: yaml_DOCUMENT_START_EVENT,
version_directive: version_directive,
tag_directives: tag_directives,
implicit: implicit,
}
}
// Create DOCUMENT-END.
func yaml_document_end_event_initialize(event *yaml_event_t, implicit bool) {
*event = yaml_event_t{
typ: yaml_DOCUMENT_END_EVENT,
implicit: implicit,
}
}
// Create ALIAS.
func yaml_alias_event_initialize(event *yaml_event_t, anchor []byte) bool {
*event = yaml_event_t{
typ: yaml_ALIAS_EVENT,
anchor: anchor,
}
return true
}
// Create SCALAR.
func yaml_scalar_event_initialize(event *yaml_event_t, anchor, tag, value []byte, plain_implicit, quoted_implicit bool, style yaml_scalar_style_t) bool {
*event = yaml_event_t{
typ: yaml_SCALAR_EVENT,
anchor: anchor,
tag: tag,
value: value,
implicit: plain_implicit,
quoted_implicit: quoted_implicit,
style: yaml_style_t(style),
}
return true
}
// Create SEQUENCE-START.
func yaml_sequence_start_event_initialize(event *yaml_event_t, anchor, tag []byte, implicit bool, style yaml_sequence_style_t) bool {
*event = yaml_event_t{
typ: yaml_SEQUENCE_START_EVENT,
anchor: anchor,
tag: tag,
implicit: implicit,
style: yaml_style_t(style),
}
return true
}
// Create SEQUENCE-END.
func yaml_sequence_end_event_initialize(event *yaml_event_t) bool {
*event = yaml_event_t{
typ: yaml_SEQUENCE_END_EVENT,
}
return true
}
// Create MAPPING-START.
func yaml_mapping_start_event_initialize(event *yaml_event_t, anchor, tag []byte, implicit bool, style yaml_mapping_style_t) {
*event = yaml_event_t{
typ: yaml_MAPPING_START_EVENT,
anchor: anchor,
tag: tag,
implicit: implicit,
style: yaml_style_t(style),
}
}
// Create MAPPING-END.
func yaml_mapping_end_event_initialize(event *yaml_event_t) {
*event = yaml_event_t{
typ: yaml_MAPPING_END_EVENT,
}
}
// Destroy an event object.
func yaml_event_delete(event *yaml_event_t) {
*event = yaml_event_t{}
}
///*
// * Create a document object.
// */
//
//YAML_DECLARE(int)
//yaml_document_initialize(document *yaml_document_t,
// version_directive *yaml_version_directive_t,
// tag_directives_start *yaml_tag_directive_t,
// tag_directives_end *yaml_tag_directive_t,
// start_implicit int, end_implicit int)
//{
// struct {
// error yaml_error_type_t
// } context
// struct {
// start *yaml_node_t
// end *yaml_node_t
// top *yaml_node_t
// } nodes = { NULL, NULL, NULL }
// version_directive_copy *yaml_version_directive_t = NULL
// struct {
// start *yaml_tag_directive_t
// end *yaml_tag_directive_t
// top *yaml_tag_directive_t
// } tag_directives_copy = { NULL, NULL, NULL }
// value yaml_tag_directive_t = { NULL, NULL }
// mark yaml_mark_t = { 0, 0, 0 }
//
// assert(document) // Non-NULL document object is expected.
// assert((tag_directives_start && tag_directives_end) ||
// (tag_directives_start == tag_directives_end))
// // Valid tag directives are expected.
//
// if (!STACK_INIT(&context, nodes, INITIAL_STACK_SIZE)) goto error
//
// if (version_directive) {
// version_directive_copy = yaml_malloc(sizeof(yaml_version_directive_t))
// if (!version_directive_copy) goto error
// version_directive_copy.major = version_directive.major
// version_directive_copy.minor = version_directive.minor
// }
//
// if (tag_directives_start != tag_directives_end) {
// tag_directive *yaml_tag_directive_t
// if (!STACK_INIT(&context, tag_directives_copy, INITIAL_STACK_SIZE))
// goto error
// for (tag_directive = tag_directives_start
// tag_directive != tag_directives_end; tag_directive ++) {
// assert(tag_directive.handle)
// assert(tag_directive.prefix)
// if (!yaml_check_utf8(tag_directive.handle,
// strlen((char *)tag_directive.handle)))
// goto error
// if (!yaml_check_utf8(tag_directive.prefix,
// strlen((char *)tag_directive.prefix)))
// goto error
// value.handle = yaml_strdup(tag_directive.handle)
// value.prefix = yaml_strdup(tag_directive.prefix)
// if (!value.handle || !value.prefix) goto error
// if (!PUSH(&context, tag_directives_copy, value))
// goto error
// value.handle = NULL
// value.prefix = NULL
// }
// }
//
// DOCUMENT_INIT(*document, nodes.start, nodes.end, version_directive_copy,
// tag_directives_copy.start, tag_directives_copy.top,
// start_implicit, end_implicit, mark, mark)
//
// return 1
//
//error:
// STACK_DEL(&context, nodes)
// yaml_free(version_directive_copy)
// while (!STACK_EMPTY(&context, tag_directives_copy)) {
// value yaml_tag_directive_t = POP(&context, tag_directives_copy)
// yaml_free(value.handle)
// yaml_free(value.prefix)
// }
// STACK_DEL(&context, tag_directives_copy)
// yaml_free(value.handle)
// yaml_free(value.prefix)
//
// return 0
//}
//
///*
// * Destroy a document object.
// */
//
//YAML_DECLARE(void)
//yaml_document_delete(document *yaml_document_t)
//{
// struct {
// error yaml_error_type_t
// } context
// tag_directive *yaml_tag_directive_t
//
// context.error = YAML_NO_ERROR // Eliminate a compiler warning.
//
// assert(document) // Non-NULL document object is expected.
//
// while (!STACK_EMPTY(&context, document.nodes)) {
// node yaml_node_t = POP(&context, document.nodes)
// yaml_free(node.tag)
// switch (node.type) {
// case YAML_SCALAR_NODE:
// yaml_free(node.data.scalar.value)
// break
// case YAML_SEQUENCE_NODE:
// STACK_DEL(&context, node.data.sequence.items)
// break
// case YAML_MAPPING_NODE:
// STACK_DEL(&context, node.data.mapping.pairs)
// break
// default:
// assert(0) // Should not happen.
// }
// }
// STACK_DEL(&context, document.nodes)
//
// yaml_free(document.version_directive)
// for (tag_directive = document.tag_directives.start
// tag_directive != document.tag_directives.end
// tag_directive++) {
// yaml_free(tag_directive.handle)
// yaml_free(tag_directive.prefix)
// }
// yaml_free(document.tag_directives.start)
//
// memset(document, 0, sizeof(yaml_document_t))
//}
//
///**
// * Get a document node.
// */
//
//YAML_DECLARE(yaml_node_t *)
//yaml_document_get_node(document *yaml_document_t, index int)
//{
// assert(document) // Non-NULL document object is expected.
//
// if (index > 0 && document.nodes.start + index <= document.nodes.top) {
// return document.nodes.start + index - 1
// }
// return NULL
//}
//
///**
// * Get the root object.
// */
//
//YAML_DECLARE(yaml_node_t *)
//yaml_document_get_root_node(document *yaml_document_t)
//{
// assert(document) // Non-NULL document object is expected.
//
// if (document.nodes.top != document.nodes.start) {
// return document.nodes.start
// }
// return NULL
//}
//
///*
// * Add a scalar node to a document.
// */
//
//YAML_DECLARE(int)
//yaml_document_add_scalar(document *yaml_document_t,
// tag *yaml_char_t, value *yaml_char_t, length int,
// style yaml_scalar_style_t)
//{
// struct {
// error yaml_error_type_t
// } context
// mark yaml_mark_t = { 0, 0, 0 }
// tag_copy *yaml_char_t = NULL
// value_copy *yaml_char_t = NULL
// node yaml_node_t
//
// assert(document) // Non-NULL document object is expected.
// assert(value) // Non-NULL value is expected.
//
// if (!tag) {
// tag = (yaml_char_t *)YAML_DEFAULT_SCALAR_TAG
// }
//
// if (!yaml_check_utf8(tag, strlen((char *)tag))) goto error
// tag_copy = yaml_strdup(tag)
// if (!tag_copy) goto error
//
// if (length < 0) {
// length = strlen((char *)value)
// }
//
// if (!yaml_check_utf8(value, length)) goto error
// value_copy = yaml_malloc(length+1)
// if (!value_copy) goto error
// memcpy(value_copy, value, length)
// value_copy[length] = '\0'
//
// SCALAR_NODE_INIT(node, tag_copy, value_copy, length, style, mark, mark)
// if (!PUSH(&context, document.nodes, node)) goto error
//
// return document.nodes.top - document.nodes.start
//
//error:
// yaml_free(tag_copy)
// yaml_free(value_copy)
//
// return 0
//}
//
///*
// * Add a sequence node to a document.
// */
//
//YAML_DECLARE(int)
//yaml_document_add_sequence(document *yaml_document_t,
// tag *yaml_char_t, style yaml_sequence_style_t)
//{
// struct {
// error yaml_error_type_t
// } context
// mark yaml_mark_t = { 0, 0, 0 }
// tag_copy *yaml_char_t = NULL
// struct {
// start *yaml_node_item_t
// end *yaml_node_item_t
// top *yaml_node_item_t
// } items = { NULL, NULL, NULL }
// node yaml_node_t
//
// assert(document) // Non-NULL document object is expected.
//
// if (!tag) {
// tag = (yaml_char_t *)YAML_DEFAULT_SEQUENCE_TAG
// }
//
// if (!yaml_check_utf8(tag, strlen((char *)tag))) goto error
// tag_copy = yaml_strdup(tag)
// if (!tag_copy) goto error
//
// if (!STACK_INIT(&context, items, INITIAL_STACK_SIZE)) goto error
//
// SEQUENCE_NODE_INIT(node, tag_copy, items.start, items.end,
// style, mark, mark)
// if (!PUSH(&context, document.nodes, node)) goto error
//
// return document.nodes.top - document.nodes.start
//
//error:
// STACK_DEL(&context, items)
// yaml_free(tag_copy)
//
// return 0
//}
//
///*
// * Add a mapping node to a document.
// */
//
//YAML_DECLARE(int)
//yaml_document_add_mapping(document *yaml_document_t,
// tag *yaml_char_t, style yaml_mapping_style_t)
//{
// struct {
// error yaml_error_type_t
// } context
// mark yaml_mark_t = { 0, 0, 0 }
// tag_copy *yaml_char_t = NULL
// struct {
// start *yaml_node_pair_t
// end *yaml_node_pair_t
// top *yaml_node_pair_t
// } pairs = { NULL, NULL, NULL }
// node yaml_node_t
//
// assert(document) // Non-NULL document object is expected.
//
// if (!tag) {
// tag = (yaml_char_t *)YAML_DEFAULT_MAPPING_TAG
// }
//
// if (!yaml_check_utf8(tag, strlen((char *)tag))) goto error
// tag_copy = yaml_strdup(tag)
// if (!tag_copy) goto error
//
// if (!STACK_INIT(&context, pairs, INITIAL_STACK_SIZE)) goto error
//
// MAPPING_NODE_INIT(node, tag_copy, pairs.start, pairs.end,
// style, mark, mark)
// if (!PUSH(&context, document.nodes, node)) goto error
//
// return document.nodes.top - document.nodes.start
//
//error:
// STACK_DEL(&context, pairs)
// yaml_free(tag_copy)
//
// return 0
//}
//
///*
// * Append an item to a sequence node.
// */
//
//YAML_DECLARE(int)
//yaml_document_append_sequence_item(document *yaml_document_t,
// sequence int, item int)
//{
// struct {
// error yaml_error_type_t
// } context
//
// assert(document) // Non-NULL document is required.
// assert(sequence > 0
// && document.nodes.start + sequence <= document.nodes.top)
// // Valid sequence id is required.
// assert(document.nodes.start[sequence-1].type == YAML_SEQUENCE_NODE)
// // A sequence node is required.
// assert(item > 0 && document.nodes.start + item <= document.nodes.top)
// // Valid item id is required.
//
// if (!PUSH(&context,
// document.nodes.start[sequence-1].data.sequence.items, item))
// return 0
//
// return 1
//}
//
///*
// * Append a pair of a key and a value to a mapping node.
// */
//
//YAML_DECLARE(int)
//yaml_document_append_mapping_pair(document *yaml_document_t,
// mapping int, key int, value int)
//{
// struct {
// error yaml_error_type_t
// } context
//
// pair yaml_node_pair_t
//
// assert(document) // Non-NULL document is required.
// assert(mapping > 0
// && document.nodes.start + mapping <= document.nodes.top)
// // Valid mapping id is required.
// assert(document.nodes.start[mapping-1].type == YAML_MAPPING_NODE)
// // A mapping node is required.
// assert(key > 0 && document.nodes.start + key <= document.nodes.top)
// // Valid key id is required.
// assert(value > 0 && document.nodes.start + value <= document.nodes.top)
// // Valid value id is required.
//
// pair.key = key
// pair.value = value
//
// if (!PUSH(&context,
// document.nodes.start[mapping-1].data.mapping.pairs, pair))
// return 0
//
// return 1
//}
//
//
``` |
Sherman Township is a township in Crawford County, Kansas, USA. As of the 2010 census, its population was 536.
Geography
Sherman Township covers an area of and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains two cemeteries: Farlington and Iowa.
References
USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
External links
City-Data.com
Townships in Crawford County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas |
Alan Mehdizadeh (; born 4 September 1982) is a British-Iranian actor, appearing on stage and screen. He has recently played the role of Monk in Graham Moore's The Outfit. He played the role of Don in the West End musical, Kinky Boots.
He is also a talent agent, and runs London-based agency Avenue Agents.
Early life
Alan Mehdizadeh was born in Hastings, East Sussex. His father is Iranian, and his mother is English. He is the eldest of 4 siblings.
His early career started at the Questors Theatre in Ealing, where he appeared in a youth production of 'Godspell', when he was 14. He then went on to perform at the Regent's Park Open Air Theatre in a production of 'Watership Down', where he played Cowslip. He also regularly appeared in popular BBC children's programme 'Grange Hill'.
Education
Mehdizadeh graduated from the University of Wales, Aberystwyth in 2007 (where he read Drama).
Whilst studying, he also founded the long-running Curtain Call Musical Theatre Society. In 2016 the company celebrated its 10th birthday with a gala performance at which Mehdizadeh gave a speech, and sung.
Other educational institutions attended include Richmond Upon Thames College, and Drayton Manor High School. At high school he appeared in school shows with actors such as Adebayo Bolaji, Sian Clifford, and Anthony Welsh.
Career
In 2012, he originated the roles of Dad and The MC in a stage adaptation of Oliver Jeffers' book The Incredible Book Eating Boy at the Belfast arts venue, The MAC.
Mehdizadeh played Big Davey in the West End musical Billy Elliot the Musical, (which he played for two years between May 2013 and May 2015). Mehdizadeh also appeared in the same role for both the worldwide live cinema release, and the subsequent DVD release of the show. Mehdizadeh further, played the role of Big Davey at the 10th anniversary gala performance in May 2015.
In 2016, Alan was appearing in the UK premiere production of Swap!, written and directed by TV star Ian Ogilvy. The play toured the UK. Alan played Harry "The Hammer" Henson alongside several TV personalities (including Kim Tiddy & Louisa Lytton).
As of 15 August 2016, Mehdizadeh joined the West End production of Kinky Boots in the role of Don. The hit musical recently won Best New Musical at the 2016 Olivier Awards, and continues to play at the Adelphi Theatre in London. Mehdizadeh left the production in June 2018.
In 2021 he appeared in the TV series Whitstable Pearl starring Kerry Godliman. His other recent TV credits include BBC series, The Outlaws (written and directed by Stephen Merchant), and The Power (for Amazon Prime).
Mehdizadeh played the role of Monk in the 2022 Graham Moore film The Outfit.
He is next due to appear in the much-anticipated blockbuster Dune: Part Two, season 2 of popular Star Wars spinoff Andor, upcoming Disney+ series Rivals (TV Series), upcoming BBC comedy Undoing Martin Parkerl, and has recently voiced the role of Jilan on video game Diablo IV.
Mehdizadeh is also the founder, and artistic director of UK production company What Was That? Productions, with whom he has produced and appeared in many productions.
References
21st-century British male actors
1982 births
British male actors of Asian descent
British male musical theatre actors
Actors from Hastings
Living people
British people of Iranian descent
Alumni of Richmond upon Thames College |
The 2016 MIB Nordic Gorzow FIM Speedway Grand Prix of Poland was the seventh race of the 2016 Speedway Grand Prix season. It took place on 27 August at the Edward Jancarz Stadium in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland.
Riders
The Speedway Grand Prix Commission nominated Krzysztof Kasprzak as the wild card, and Daniel Kaczmarek and Paweł Przedpełski both as Track Reserves.
Results
The Grand Prix was won by Jason Doyle, who beat world champion Tai Woffinden, Chris Holder and Bartosz Zmarzlik in the final. As a result, Doyle closed the lead on Hancock in the world championship standings to seven points, with Woffinden now sitting one point further back in third.
Heat details
The intermediate classification
References
See also
motorcycle speedway
Poland
August 2016 sports events in Europe
Grand |
```xml
import TextInfo from '@erxes/ui/src/components/TextInfo';
import { IFormResponse } from '@erxes/ui-forms/src/forms/types';
import React from 'react';
import Icon from '@erxes/ui/src/components/Icon';
import { DateWrapper } from '@erxes/ui/src/styles/main';
import dayjs from 'dayjs';
import { Link } from 'react-router-dom';
import { RowTitle } from '@erxes/ui-engage/src/styles';
type Props = {
formSubmission: IFormResponse;
fieldIds: string[];
};
class ResponseRow extends React.Component<Props> {
render() {
const { formSubmission, fieldIds } = this.props;
const submissions = formSubmission.submissions || [];
const result: Array<{ formFieldId: string; value: any }> = [];
for (const id of fieldIds) {
const foundIndex = submissions.findIndex(e => e.formFieldId === id);
if (foundIndex === -1) {
result.push({ formFieldId: id, value: '-' });
} else {
result.push(submissions[foundIndex]);
}
}
return (
<tr>
{result.map(e => {
let value = e.value || '-';
if (Array.isArray(e.value)) {
value = e.value[0].url;
}
return (
<td key={e.formFieldId}>
<RowTitle>
<Link
to={`/inbox/index?_id=${formSubmission.contentTypeId}`}
target="_blank"
rel="noopener noreferrer"
>
{value}
</Link>
</RowTitle>
</td>
);
})}
<td>
<Icon icon="calender" />{' '}
<DateWrapper>
{dayjs(formSubmission.createdAt).format('YYYY MMM D, h:mm A')}
</DateWrapper>
</td>
</tr>
);
}
}
export default ResponseRow;
``` |
```go
// go run mksyscall_solaris.go -tags solaris,amd64 syscall_solaris.go syscall_solaris_amd64.go
// Code generated by the command above; see README.md. DO NOT EDIT.
//go:build solaris && amd64
// +build solaris,amd64
package unix
import (
"syscall"
"unsafe"
)
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_pipe pipe "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_pipe2 pipe2 "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getsockname getsockname "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getcwd getcwd "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getgroups getgroups "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_setgroups setgroups "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_wait4 wait4 "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_gethostname gethostname "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_utimes utimes "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_utimensat utimensat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fcntl fcntl "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_futimesat futimesat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_accept accept "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___xnet_recvmsg __xnet_recvmsg "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___xnet_sendmsg __xnet_sendmsg "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_acct acct "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___makedev __makedev "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___major __major "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___minor __minor "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_ioctl ioctl "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_poll poll "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_access access "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_adjtime adjtime "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_chdir chdir "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_chmod chmod "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_chown chown "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_chroot chroot "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_clockgettime clockgettime "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_close close "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_creat creat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_dup dup "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_dup2 dup2 "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_exit exit "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_faccessat faccessat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fchdir fchdir "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fchmod fchmod "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fchmodat fchmodat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fchown fchown "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fchownat fchownat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fdatasync fdatasync "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_flock flock "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fpathconf fpathconf "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fstat fstat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fstatat fstatat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fstatvfs fstatvfs "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getdents getdents "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getgid getgid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getpid getpid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getpgid getpgid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getpgrp getpgrp "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_geteuid geteuid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getegid getegid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getppid getppid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getpriority getpriority "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getrlimit getrlimit "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getrusage getrusage "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getsid getsid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_gettimeofday gettimeofday "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getuid getuid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_kill kill "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_lchown lchown "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_link link "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___xnet_llisten __xnet_llisten "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_lstat lstat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_madvise madvise "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mkdir mkdir "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mkdirat mkdirat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mkfifo mkfifo "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mkfifoat mkfifoat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mknod mknod "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mknodat mknodat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mlock mlock "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mlockall mlockall "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mprotect mprotect "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_msync msync "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_munlock munlock "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_munlockall munlockall "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_nanosleep nanosleep "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_open open "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_openat openat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_pathconf pathconf "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_pause pause "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_pread pread "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_pwrite pwrite "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_read read "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_readlink readlink "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_rename rename "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_renameat renameat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_rmdir rmdir "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_lseek lseek "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_select select "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_setegid setegid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_seteuid seteuid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_setgid setgid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_sethostname sethostname "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_setpgid setpgid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_setpriority setpriority "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_setregid setregid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_setreuid setreuid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_setsid setsid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_setuid setuid "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_shutdown shutdown "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_stat stat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_statvfs statvfs "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_symlink symlink "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_sync sync "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_sysconf sysconf "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_times times "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_truncate truncate "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_fsync fsync "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_ftruncate ftruncate "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_umask umask "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_uname uname "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_umount umount "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_unlink unlink "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_unlinkat unlinkat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_ustat ustat "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_utime utime "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___xnet_bind __xnet_bind "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___xnet_connect __xnet_connect "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mmap mmap "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_munmap munmap "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_sendfile sendfile "libsendfile.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___xnet_sendto __xnet_sendto "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___xnet_socket __xnet_socket "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___xnet_socketpair __xnet_socketpair "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_write write "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc___xnet_getsockopt __xnet_getsockopt "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getpeername getpeername "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_setsockopt setsockopt "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_recvfrom recvfrom "libsocket.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_port_create port_create "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_port_associate port_associate "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_port_dissociate port_dissociate "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_port_get port_get "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_port_getn port_getn "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_putmsg putmsg "libc.so"
//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_getmsg getmsg "libc.so"
//go:linkname procpipe libc_pipe
//go:linkname procpipe2 libc_pipe2
//go:linkname procgetsockname libc_getsockname
//go:linkname procGetcwd libc_getcwd
//go:linkname procgetgroups libc_getgroups
//go:linkname procsetgroups libc_setgroups
//go:linkname procwait4 libc_wait4
//go:linkname procgethostname libc_gethostname
//go:linkname procutimes libc_utimes
//go:linkname procutimensat libc_utimensat
//go:linkname procfcntl libc_fcntl
//go:linkname procfutimesat libc_futimesat
//go:linkname procaccept libc_accept
//go:linkname proc__xnet_recvmsg libc___xnet_recvmsg
//go:linkname proc__xnet_sendmsg libc___xnet_sendmsg
//go:linkname procacct libc_acct
//go:linkname proc__makedev libc___makedev
//go:linkname proc__major libc___major
//go:linkname proc__minor libc___minor
//go:linkname procioctl libc_ioctl
//go:linkname procpoll libc_poll
//go:linkname procAccess libc_access
//go:linkname procAdjtime libc_adjtime
//go:linkname procChdir libc_chdir
//go:linkname procChmod libc_chmod
//go:linkname procChown libc_chown
//go:linkname procChroot libc_chroot
//go:linkname procClockGettime libc_clockgettime
//go:linkname procClose libc_close
//go:linkname procCreat libc_creat
//go:linkname procDup libc_dup
//go:linkname procDup2 libc_dup2
//go:linkname procExit libc_exit
//go:linkname procFaccessat libc_faccessat
//go:linkname procFchdir libc_fchdir
//go:linkname procFchmod libc_fchmod
//go:linkname procFchmodat libc_fchmodat
//go:linkname procFchown libc_fchown
//go:linkname procFchownat libc_fchownat
//go:linkname procFdatasync libc_fdatasync
//go:linkname procFlock libc_flock
//go:linkname procFpathconf libc_fpathconf
//go:linkname procFstat libc_fstat
//go:linkname procFstatat libc_fstatat
//go:linkname procFstatvfs libc_fstatvfs
//go:linkname procGetdents libc_getdents
//go:linkname procGetgid libc_getgid
//go:linkname procGetpid libc_getpid
//go:linkname procGetpgid libc_getpgid
//go:linkname procGetpgrp libc_getpgrp
//go:linkname procGeteuid libc_geteuid
//go:linkname procGetegid libc_getegid
//go:linkname procGetppid libc_getppid
//go:linkname procGetpriority libc_getpriority
//go:linkname procGetrlimit libc_getrlimit
//go:linkname procGetrusage libc_getrusage
//go:linkname procGetsid libc_getsid
//go:linkname procGettimeofday libc_gettimeofday
//go:linkname procGetuid libc_getuid
//go:linkname procKill libc_kill
//go:linkname procLchown libc_lchown
//go:linkname procLink libc_link
//go:linkname proc__xnet_llisten libc___xnet_llisten
//go:linkname procLstat libc_lstat
//go:linkname procMadvise libc_madvise
//go:linkname procMkdir libc_mkdir
//go:linkname procMkdirat libc_mkdirat
//go:linkname procMkfifo libc_mkfifo
//go:linkname procMkfifoat libc_mkfifoat
//go:linkname procMknod libc_mknod
//go:linkname procMknodat libc_mknodat
//go:linkname procMlock libc_mlock
//go:linkname procMlockall libc_mlockall
//go:linkname procMprotect libc_mprotect
//go:linkname procMsync libc_msync
//go:linkname procMunlock libc_munlock
//go:linkname procMunlockall libc_munlockall
//go:linkname procNanosleep libc_nanosleep
//go:linkname procOpen libc_open
//go:linkname procOpenat libc_openat
//go:linkname procPathconf libc_pathconf
//go:linkname procPause libc_pause
//go:linkname procpread libc_pread
//go:linkname procpwrite libc_pwrite
//go:linkname procread libc_read
//go:linkname procReadlink libc_readlink
//go:linkname procRename libc_rename
//go:linkname procRenameat libc_renameat
//go:linkname procRmdir libc_rmdir
//go:linkname proclseek libc_lseek
//go:linkname procSelect libc_select
//go:linkname procSetegid libc_setegid
//go:linkname procSeteuid libc_seteuid
//go:linkname procSetgid libc_setgid
//go:linkname procSethostname libc_sethostname
//go:linkname procSetpgid libc_setpgid
//go:linkname procSetpriority libc_setpriority
//go:linkname procSetregid libc_setregid
//go:linkname procSetreuid libc_setreuid
//go:linkname procSetsid libc_setsid
//go:linkname procSetuid libc_setuid
//go:linkname procshutdown libc_shutdown
//go:linkname procStat libc_stat
//go:linkname procStatvfs libc_statvfs
//go:linkname procSymlink libc_symlink
//go:linkname procSync libc_sync
//go:linkname procSysconf libc_sysconf
//go:linkname procTimes libc_times
//go:linkname procTruncate libc_truncate
//go:linkname procFsync libc_fsync
//go:linkname procFtruncate libc_ftruncate
//go:linkname procUmask libc_umask
//go:linkname procUname libc_uname
//go:linkname procumount libc_umount
//go:linkname procUnlink libc_unlink
//go:linkname procUnlinkat libc_unlinkat
//go:linkname procUstat libc_ustat
//go:linkname procUtime libc_utime
//go:linkname proc__xnet_bind libc___xnet_bind
//go:linkname proc__xnet_connect libc___xnet_connect
//go:linkname procmmap libc_mmap
//go:linkname procmunmap libc_munmap
//go:linkname procsendfile libc_sendfile
//go:linkname proc__xnet_sendto libc___xnet_sendto
//go:linkname proc__xnet_socket libc___xnet_socket
//go:linkname proc__xnet_socketpair libc___xnet_socketpair
//go:linkname procwrite libc_write
//go:linkname proc__xnet_getsockopt libc___xnet_getsockopt
//go:linkname procgetpeername libc_getpeername
//go:linkname procsetsockopt libc_setsockopt
//go:linkname procrecvfrom libc_recvfrom
//go:linkname procport_create libc_port_create
//go:linkname procport_associate libc_port_associate
//go:linkname procport_dissociate libc_port_dissociate
//go:linkname procport_get libc_port_get
//go:linkname procport_getn libc_port_getn
//go:linkname procputmsg libc_putmsg
//go:linkname procgetmsg libc_getmsg
var (
procpipe,
procpipe2,
procgetsockname,
procGetcwd,
procgetgroups,
procsetgroups,
procwait4,
procgethostname,
procutimes,
procutimensat,
procfcntl,
procfutimesat,
procaccept,
proc__xnet_recvmsg,
proc__xnet_sendmsg,
procacct,
proc__makedev,
proc__major,
proc__minor,
procioctl,
procpoll,
procAccess,
procAdjtime,
procChdir,
procChmod,
procChown,
procChroot,
procClockGettime,
procClose,
procCreat,
procDup,
procDup2,
procExit,
procFaccessat,
procFchdir,
procFchmod,
procFchmodat,
procFchown,
procFchownat,
procFdatasync,
procFlock,
procFpathconf,
procFstat,
procFstatat,
procFstatvfs,
procGetdents,
procGetgid,
procGetpid,
procGetpgid,
procGetpgrp,
procGeteuid,
procGetegid,
procGetppid,
procGetpriority,
procGetrlimit,
procGetrusage,
procGetsid,
procGettimeofday,
procGetuid,
procKill,
procLchown,
procLink,
proc__xnet_llisten,
procLstat,
procMadvise,
procMkdir,
procMkdirat,
procMkfifo,
procMkfifoat,
procMknod,
procMknodat,
procMlock,
procMlockall,
procMprotect,
procMsync,
procMunlock,
procMunlockall,
procNanosleep,
procOpen,
procOpenat,
procPathconf,
procPause,
procpread,
procpwrite,
procread,
procReadlink,
procRename,
procRenameat,
procRmdir,
proclseek,
procSelect,
procSetegid,
procSeteuid,
procSetgid,
procSethostname,
procSetpgid,
procSetpriority,
procSetregid,
procSetreuid,
procSetsid,
procSetuid,
procshutdown,
procStat,
procStatvfs,
procSymlink,
procSync,
procSysconf,
procTimes,
procTruncate,
procFsync,
procFtruncate,
procUmask,
procUname,
procumount,
procUnlink,
procUnlinkat,
procUstat,
procUtime,
proc__xnet_bind,
proc__xnet_connect,
procmmap,
procmunmap,
procsendfile,
proc__xnet_sendto,
proc__xnet_socket,
proc__xnet_socketpair,
procwrite,
proc__xnet_getsockopt,
procgetpeername,
procsetsockopt,
procrecvfrom,
procport_create,
procport_associate,
procport_dissociate,
procport_get,
procport_getn,
procputmsg,
procgetmsg syscallFunc
)
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func pipe(p *[2]_C_int) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procpipe)), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(p)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func pipe2(p *[2]_C_int, flags int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procpipe2)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(p)), uintptr(flags), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func getsockname(fd int, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *_Socklen) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procgetsockname)), 3, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(rsa)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(addrlen)), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getcwd(buf []byte) (n int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(buf) > 0 {
_p0 = &buf[0]
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetcwd)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(buf)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func getgroups(ngid int, gid *_Gid_t) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procgetgroups)), 2, uintptr(ngid), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(gid)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func setgroups(ngid int, gid *_Gid_t) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procsetgroups)), 2, uintptr(ngid), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(gid)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func wait4(pid int32, statusp *_C_int, options int, rusage *Rusage) (wpid int32, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procwait4)), 4, uintptr(pid), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(statusp)), uintptr(options), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(rusage)), 0, 0)
wpid = int32(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func gethostname(buf []byte) (n int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(buf) > 0 {
_p0 = &buf[0]
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procgethostname)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(buf)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func utimes(path string, times *[2]Timeval) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procutimes)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(times)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func utimensat(fd int, path string, times *[2]Timespec, flag int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procutimensat)), 4, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(times)), uintptr(flag), 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func fcntl(fd int, cmd int, arg int) (val int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procfcntl)), 3, uintptr(fd), uintptr(cmd), uintptr(arg), 0, 0, 0)
val = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func futimesat(fildes int, path *byte, times *[2]Timeval) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procfutimesat)), 3, uintptr(fildes), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(path)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(times)), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func accept(s int, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *_Socklen) (fd int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procaccept)), 3, uintptr(s), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(rsa)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(addrlen)), 0, 0, 0)
fd = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func recvmsg(s int, msg *Msghdr, flags int) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__xnet_recvmsg)), 3, uintptr(s), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), uintptr(flags), 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func sendmsg(s int, msg *Msghdr, flags int) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__xnet_sendmsg)), 3, uintptr(s), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), uintptr(flags), 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func acct(path *byte) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procacct)), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(path)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func __makedev(version int, major uint, minor uint) (val uint64) {
r0, _, _ := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__makedev)), 3, uintptr(version), uintptr(major), uintptr(minor), 0, 0, 0)
val = uint64(r0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func __major(version int, dev uint64) (val uint) {
r0, _, _ := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__major)), 2, uintptr(version), uintptr(dev), 0, 0, 0, 0)
val = uint(r0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func __minor(version int, dev uint64) (val uint) {
r0, _, _ := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__minor)), 2, uintptr(version), uintptr(dev), 0, 0, 0, 0)
val = uint(r0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func ioctlRet(fd int, req int, arg uintptr) (ret int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procioctl)), 3, uintptr(fd), uintptr(req), uintptr(arg), 0, 0, 0)
ret = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func ioctlPtrRet(fd int, req int, arg unsafe.Pointer) (ret int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procioctl)), 3, uintptr(fd), uintptr(req), uintptr(arg), 0, 0, 0)
ret = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func poll(fds *PollFd, nfds int, timeout int) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procpoll)), 3, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(fds)), uintptr(nfds), uintptr(timeout), 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Access(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procAccess)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Adjtime(delta *Timeval, olddelta *Timeval) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procAdjtime)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(delta)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(olddelta)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Chdir(path string) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procChdir)), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Chmod(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procChmod)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Chown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procChown)), 3, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(uid), uintptr(gid), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Chroot(path string) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procChroot)), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func ClockGettime(clockid int32, time *Timespec) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procClockGettime)), 2, uintptr(clockid), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(time)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Close(fd int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procClose)), 1, uintptr(fd), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Creat(path string, mode uint32) (fd int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procCreat)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), 0, 0, 0, 0)
fd = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Dup(fd int) (nfd int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procDup)), 1, uintptr(fd), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
nfd = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Dup2(oldfd int, newfd int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procDup2)), 2, uintptr(oldfd), uintptr(newfd), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Exit(code int) {
sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procExit)), 1, uintptr(code), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Faccessat(dirfd int, path string, mode uint32, flags int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFaccessat)), 4, uintptr(dirfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), uintptr(flags), 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fchdir(fd int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFchdir)), 1, uintptr(fd), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fchmod(fd int, mode uint32) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFchmod)), 2, uintptr(fd), uintptr(mode), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fchmodat(dirfd int, path string, mode uint32, flags int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFchmodat)), 4, uintptr(dirfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), uintptr(flags), 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fchown(fd int, uid int, gid int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFchown)), 3, uintptr(fd), uintptr(uid), uintptr(gid), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fchownat(dirfd int, path string, uid int, gid int, flags int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFchownat)), 5, uintptr(dirfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(uid), uintptr(gid), uintptr(flags), 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fdatasync(fd int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFdatasync)), 1, uintptr(fd), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Flock(fd int, how int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFlock)), 2, uintptr(fd), uintptr(how), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fpathconf(fd int, name int) (val int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFpathconf)), 2, uintptr(fd), uintptr(name), 0, 0, 0, 0)
val = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fstat(fd int, stat *Stat_t) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFstat)), 2, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(stat)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fstatat(fd int, path string, stat *Stat_t, flags int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFstatat)), 4, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(stat)), uintptr(flags), 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fstatvfs(fd int, vfsstat *Statvfs_t) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFstatvfs)), 2, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(vfsstat)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getdents(fd int, buf []byte, basep *uintptr) (n int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(buf) > 0 {
_p0 = &buf[0]
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetdents)), 4, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(buf)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(basep)), 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getgid() (gid int) {
r0, _, _ := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetgid)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
gid = int(r0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getpid() (pid int) {
r0, _, _ := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetpid)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
pid = int(r0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getpgid(pid int) (pgid int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetpgid)), 1, uintptr(pid), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
pgid = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getpgrp() (pgid int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetpgrp)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
pgid = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Geteuid() (euid int) {
r0, _, _ := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGeteuid)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
euid = int(r0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getegid() (egid int) {
r0, _, _ := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetegid)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
egid = int(r0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getppid() (ppid int) {
r0, _, _ := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetppid)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
ppid = int(r0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getpriority(which int, who int) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetpriority)), 2, uintptr(which), uintptr(who), 0, 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getrlimit(which int, lim *Rlimit) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetrlimit)), 2, uintptr(which), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(lim)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getrusage(who int, rusage *Rusage) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetrusage)), 2, uintptr(who), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(rusage)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getsid(pid int) (sid int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetsid)), 1, uintptr(pid), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
sid = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Gettimeofday(tv *Timeval) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGettimeofday)), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(tv)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Getuid() (uid int) {
r0, _, _ := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procGetuid)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
uid = int(r0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Kill(pid int, signum syscall.Signal) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procKill)), 2, uintptr(pid), uintptr(signum), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Lchown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procLchown)), 3, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(uid), uintptr(gid), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Link(path string, link string) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
var _p1 *byte
_p1, err = BytePtrFromString(link)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procLink)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p1)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Listen(s int, backlog int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__xnet_llisten)), 2, uintptr(s), uintptr(backlog), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Lstat(path string, stat *Stat_t) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procLstat)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(stat)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Madvise(b []byte, advice int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(b) > 0 {
_p0 = &b[0]
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMadvise)), 3, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(b)), uintptr(advice), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Mkdir(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMkdir)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Mkdirat(dirfd int, path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMkdirat)), 3, uintptr(dirfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Mkfifo(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMkfifo)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Mkfifoat(dirfd int, path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMkfifoat)), 3, uintptr(dirfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Mknod(path string, mode uint32, dev int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMknod)), 3, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), uintptr(dev), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Mknodat(dirfd int, path string, mode uint32, dev int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMknodat)), 4, uintptr(dirfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), uintptr(dev), 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Mlock(b []byte) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(b) > 0 {
_p0 = &b[0]
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMlock)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(b)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Mlockall(flags int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMlockall)), 1, uintptr(flags), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Mprotect(b []byte, prot int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(b) > 0 {
_p0 = &b[0]
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMprotect)), 3, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(b)), uintptr(prot), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Msync(b []byte, flags int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(b) > 0 {
_p0 = &b[0]
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMsync)), 3, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(b)), uintptr(flags), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Munlock(b []byte) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(b) > 0 {
_p0 = &b[0]
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMunlock)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(b)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Munlockall() (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procMunlockall)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Nanosleep(time *Timespec, leftover *Timespec) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procNanosleep)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(time)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(leftover)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Open(path string, mode int, perm uint32) (fd int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procOpen)), 3, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(mode), uintptr(perm), 0, 0, 0)
fd = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Openat(dirfd int, path string, flags int, mode uint32) (fd int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procOpenat)), 4, uintptr(dirfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(flags), uintptr(mode), 0, 0)
fd = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Pathconf(path string, name int) (val int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procPathconf)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(name), 0, 0, 0, 0)
val = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Pause() (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procPause)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func pread(fd int, p []byte, offset int64) (n int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(p) > 0 {
_p0 = &p[0]
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procpread)), 4, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(p)), uintptr(offset), 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func pwrite(fd int, p []byte, offset int64) (n int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(p) > 0 {
_p0 = &p[0]
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procpwrite)), 4, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(p)), uintptr(offset), 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func read(fd int, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(p) > 0 {
_p0 = &p[0]
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procread)), 3, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(p)), 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Readlink(path string, buf []byte) (n int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
var _p1 *byte
if len(buf) > 0 {
_p1 = &buf[0]
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procReadlink)), 3, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p1)), uintptr(len(buf)), 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Rename(from string, to string) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(from)
if err != nil {
return
}
var _p1 *byte
_p1, err = BytePtrFromString(to)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procRename)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p1)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Renameat(olddirfd int, oldpath string, newdirfd int, newpath string) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(oldpath)
if err != nil {
return
}
var _p1 *byte
_p1, err = BytePtrFromString(newpath)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procRenameat)), 4, uintptr(olddirfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(newdirfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p1)), 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Rmdir(path string) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procRmdir)), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Seek(fd int, offset int64, whence int) (newoffset int64, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proclseek)), 3, uintptr(fd), uintptr(offset), uintptr(whence), 0, 0, 0)
newoffset = int64(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Select(nfd int, r *FdSet, w *FdSet, e *FdSet, timeout *Timeval) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSelect)), 5, uintptr(nfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(r)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(w)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(e)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(timeout)), 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Setegid(egid int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSetegid)), 1, uintptr(egid), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Seteuid(euid int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSeteuid)), 1, uintptr(euid), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Setgid(gid int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSetgid)), 1, uintptr(gid), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Sethostname(p []byte) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(p) > 0 {
_p0 = &p[0]
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSethostname)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(p)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Setpgid(pid int, pgid int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSetpgid)), 2, uintptr(pid), uintptr(pgid), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Setpriority(which int, who int, prio int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSetpriority)), 3, uintptr(which), uintptr(who), uintptr(prio), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Setregid(rgid int, egid int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSetregid)), 2, uintptr(rgid), uintptr(egid), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Setreuid(ruid int, euid int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSetreuid)), 2, uintptr(ruid), uintptr(euid), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Setsid() (pid int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSetsid)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
pid = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Setuid(uid int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSetuid)), 1, uintptr(uid), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Shutdown(s int, how int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procshutdown)), 2, uintptr(s), uintptr(how), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Stat(path string, stat *Stat_t) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procStat)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(stat)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Statvfs(path string, vfsstat *Statvfs_t) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procStatvfs)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(vfsstat)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Symlink(path string, link string) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
var _p1 *byte
_p1, err = BytePtrFromString(link)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSymlink)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p1)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Sync() (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSync)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Sysconf(which int) (n int64, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procSysconf)), 1, uintptr(which), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
n = int64(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Times(tms *Tms) (ticks uintptr, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procTimes)), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(tms)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
ticks = uintptr(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Truncate(path string, length int64) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procTruncate)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(length), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Fsync(fd int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFsync)), 1, uintptr(fd), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Ftruncate(fd int, length int64) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procFtruncate)), 2, uintptr(fd), uintptr(length), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Umask(mask int) (oldmask int) {
r0, _, _ := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procUmask)), 1, uintptr(mask), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
oldmask = int(r0)
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Uname(buf *Utsname) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procUname)), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(buf)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Unmount(target string, flags int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(target)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procumount)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(flags), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Unlink(path string) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procUnlink)), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Unlinkat(dirfd int, path string, flags int) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procUnlinkat)), 3, uintptr(dirfd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(flags), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Ustat(dev int, ubuf *Ustat_t) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procUstat)), 2, uintptr(dev), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(ubuf)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func Utime(path string, buf *Utimbuf) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
_p0, err = BytePtrFromString(path)
if err != nil {
return
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procUtime)), 2, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(buf)), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func bind(s int, addr unsafe.Pointer, addrlen _Socklen) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__xnet_bind)), 3, uintptr(s), uintptr(addr), uintptr(addrlen), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func connect(s int, addr unsafe.Pointer, addrlen _Socklen) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__xnet_connect)), 3, uintptr(s), uintptr(addr), uintptr(addrlen), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func mmap(addr uintptr, length uintptr, prot int, flag int, fd int, pos int64) (ret uintptr, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procmmap)), 6, uintptr(addr), uintptr(length), uintptr(prot), uintptr(flag), uintptr(fd), uintptr(pos))
ret = uintptr(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func munmap(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procmunmap)), 2, uintptr(addr), uintptr(length), 0, 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func sendfile(outfd int, infd int, offset *int64, count int) (written int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procsendfile)), 4, uintptr(outfd), uintptr(infd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(offset)), uintptr(count), 0, 0)
written = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func sendto(s int, buf []byte, flags int, to unsafe.Pointer, addrlen _Socklen) (err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(buf) > 0 {
_p0 = &buf[0]
}
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__xnet_sendto)), 6, uintptr(s), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(buf)), uintptr(flags), uintptr(to), uintptr(addrlen))
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func socket(domain int, typ int, proto int) (fd int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__xnet_socket)), 3, uintptr(domain), uintptr(typ), uintptr(proto), 0, 0, 0)
fd = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func socketpair(domain int, typ int, proto int, fd *[2]int32) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__xnet_socketpair)), 4, uintptr(domain), uintptr(typ), uintptr(proto), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(fd)), 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func write(fd int, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(p) > 0 {
_p0 = &p[0]
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procwrite)), 3, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(p)), 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func getsockopt(s int, level int, name int, val unsafe.Pointer, vallen *_Socklen) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&proc__xnet_getsockopt)), 5, uintptr(s), uintptr(level), uintptr(name), uintptr(val), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(vallen)), 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func getpeername(fd int, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *_Socklen) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := rawSysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procgetpeername)), 3, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(rsa)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(addrlen)), 0, 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func setsockopt(s int, level int, name int, val unsafe.Pointer, vallen uintptr) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procsetsockopt)), 5, uintptr(s), uintptr(level), uintptr(name), uintptr(val), uintptr(vallen), 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func recvfrom(fd int, p []byte, flags int, from *RawSockaddrAny, fromlen *_Socklen) (n int, err error) {
var _p0 *byte
if len(p) > 0 {
_p0 = &p[0]
}
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procrecvfrom)), 6, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(_p0)), uintptr(len(p)), uintptr(flags), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(from)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(fromlen)))
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func port_create() (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procport_create)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func port_associate(port int, source int, object uintptr, events int, user *byte) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procport_associate)), 5, uintptr(port), uintptr(source), uintptr(object), uintptr(events), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(user)), 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func port_dissociate(port int, source int, object uintptr) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procport_dissociate)), 3, uintptr(port), uintptr(source), uintptr(object), 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func port_get(port int, pe *portEvent, timeout *Timespec) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procport_get)), 3, uintptr(port), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(pe)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(timeout)), 0, 0, 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func port_getn(port int, pe *portEvent, max uint32, nget *uint32, timeout *Timespec) (n int, err error) {
r0, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procport_getn)), 5, uintptr(port), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(pe)), uintptr(max), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(nget)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(timeout)), 0)
n = int(r0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func putmsg(fd int, clptr *strbuf, dataptr *strbuf, flags int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procputmsg)), 4, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(clptr)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(dataptr)), uintptr(flags), 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
// THIS FILE IS GENERATED BY THE COMMAND AT THE TOP; DO NOT EDIT
func getmsg(fd int, clptr *strbuf, dataptr *strbuf, flags *int) (err error) {
_, _, e1 := sysvicall6(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&procgetmsg)), 4, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(clptr)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(dataptr)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(flags)), 0, 0)
if e1 != 0 {
err = e1
}
return
}
``` |
```javascript
/*
For licensing, see LICENSE.md or path_to_url
*/
CKEDITOR.plugins.setLang("placeholder","en",{title:"Placeholder Properties",toolbar:"Placeholder",name:"Placeholder Name",invalidName:"The placeholder can not be empty and can not contain any of following characters: [, ], <, >",pathName:"placeholder"});
``` |
Kokoszewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bisztynek, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.
Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, and in 1772–1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany (East Prussia).
References
Kokoszewo |
```kotlin
package mega.privacy.android.legacy.core.ui.controls.controlssliders
import androidx.compose.foundation.isSystemInDarkTheme
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
import androidx.compose.foundation.selection.toggleable
import androidx.compose.material.MaterialTheme
import androidx.compose.material.Text
import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
import androidx.compose.ui.R
import androidx.compose.ui.res.stringResource
import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.Role
import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.PreviewParameter
import mega.privacy.android.shared.original.core.ui.controls.controlssliders.MegaSwitch
import mega.privacy.android.shared.original.core.ui.preview.BooleanProvider
import mega.privacy.android.shared.original.core.ui.preview.CombinedTextAndThemePreviews
import mega.privacy.android.shared.original.core.ui.theme.OriginalTempTheme
import mega.privacy.android.shared.original.core.ui.theme.grey_alpha_087
import mega.privacy.android.shared.original.core.ui.theme.white_alpha_087
/**
* A switch with a label
*/
@Composable
fun LabelledSwitch(
label: String,
checked: Boolean,
onCheckChanged: (Boolean) -> Unit,
modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
) {
Row(
verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.SpaceBetween,
modifier = modifier
.toggleable(
value = checked,
role = Role.Checkbox,
onValueChange = onCheckChanged
)
) {
Text(
text = label,
style = MaterialTheme.typography.subtitle1,
color = if (!MaterialTheme.colors.isLight) white_alpha_087 else grey_alpha_087
)
MegaSwitch(
checked = checked,
onCheckedChange = null,
)
}
}
@CombinedTextAndThemePreviews
@Composable
private fun LabelledSwitchPreview(
@PreviewParameter(BooleanProvider::class) initialValue: Boolean,
) {
var checked by remember { mutableStateOf(initialValue) }
OriginalTempTheme(isDark = isSystemInDarkTheme()) {
LabelledSwitch(label = stringResource(if (checked) R.string.on else R.string.off),
checked = checked,
onCheckChanged = { checked = !checked })
}
}
``` |
Security Square Mall is a mall in Woodlawn, Baltimore County, Maryland, a suburb of Baltimore, in the United States. The mall features over 100 stores and restaurants, as well as a food court. One section of the mall, Grand Village Plaza (formerly JCPenney), previously included Korean shops and restaurants; however, most of these establishments had closed by 2010. Security Square Mall is located adjacent to the North American School of Trades. The anchor stores are Bayit Furniture, Set the Captives Free Outreach Center, Burlington, and Macy's. There is 1 vacant anchor store that was once Sears.
History
Anchor stores
Security Square Mall opened in 1972. Original anchors were Sears and Hochschild Kohn's which sold its store to Hutzler's, who closed the store in 1989, and subsequently sold it to Montgomery Ward, which moved from a location on U.S. Route 40 in Catonsville that is now occupied by Walmart. The mall was built by the Edward J. DeBartolo corporation but sold to JMB Urban Realty in 1983. Hecht's opened an anchor store in a new building in August 1979.
Woolworth closed in 1997 and was replaced with Burlington Coat Factory. Montgomery Ward closed in 2001 and became Modell's Sporting Goods three years later.
JCPenney closed its store at Security Square in 2001 due to declining sales. Two years later, the two-story JCPenney space was converted to Seoul Plaza, a "mall within a mall" consisting of several Korean shops and restaurants, as well as a Grand Mart supermarket. The Grand Mart closed in May 2008. Modell's closed in mid-2008. In 2005, home goods retailer Anna's Linens opened its first Maryland store at Security Square. One year later, Hecht's was converted to Macy's.
In 2018, Seoul Plaza was renamed to Grand Village Plaza.
On August 6, 2019, it was announced that Sears would be closing in October 2019 as part of a plan to close 26 stores nationwide which left Burlington and Macy's as the only anchors left.
in July 2021, a shooting occurred at the facility.
Renovations
Privately held realty company Capital Investment Associates purchased Security Square Mall and hired Hicks & Rotner Retail, Inc. to manage leasing. The next year, as part of its plan to revitalize, and make an upscale shift in the mall, the new management team signed eight new retailers including Hecht's (a relocation from its closed store in Edmondson Village). It also redesigned other parts of the mall including the food court (in the former space of the GC cinemas that had moved to a new standalone building on the south parking lot), restrooms, and landscaping.
In 1999, the mall increased security measures throughout, including the relocation of the security offices to center court.
On April 26, 2022, local (Baltimore County Executive Johnny Olszewski) and state (House Speaker Adrienne Jones) leaders announced major funding for the effort of a $20 million revitalization of the area around the mall.
Transportation
Security Square Mall is very close to Baltimore Beltway's Exit 17. While this exit cannot be accessed by motorists on I-70, there is an exit to Security Boulevard from the end of I-70 about from the mall.
The parking lot of the mall is a hub for several Maryland Transit Administration bus routes. Some routes operate to other nearby locations between 1 AM and 6 AM when the mall's bus stop is closed.
References
External links
Security Square Mall's "Seoul Plaza" footage
Shopping malls in Maryland
Shopping malls established in 1972
Baltimore County, Maryland landmarks
Buildings and structures in Baltimore County, Maryland
Tourist attractions in Baltimore County, Maryland
Woodlawn, Baltimore County, Maryland
1972 establishments in Maryland |
Elliott Sandford (1840 – 1897) was chief justice of the Supreme Court of the Utah Territory from 1888 to 1889.
Born in Raynham, Massachusetts, Sandford received his undergraduate degree from Amherst College and his law degree from Columbia University. He practiced law primarily in New York City, until President Grover Cleveland appointed him as Chief Justice of the Utah Territorial Supreme Court in 1888 to succeed Charles S. Zane. As Chief Justice, Sandford was "severely criticized during this period for the leniency shown in both lack of prosecution and punishment of offenses under the anti-polygamy laws". Shortly after Benjamin Harrison was inaugurated to succeed Cleveland, Sandford drafted a letter of resignation, which he submitted two months later upon request from the administration. Sandford then returned to private practice in New York. He was succeeded on the court by the reappointment of Zane.
References
1840 births
1897 deaths
People from Raynham, Massachusetts
Amherst College alumni
Columbia Law School alumni
Justices of the Utah Supreme Court |
Gilbert is a city in Story County, Iowa, United States. The population was 1,211 at the time of the 2020 census. It is part of the Ames, Iowa Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a part of the larger Ames-Boone, Iowa Combined Statistical Area.
History
Gilbert was named for Hezekiah Gilbert, who owned the land upon which the town was built up.
Geography
Gilbert is located at (42.105858, -93.645185).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.
The landscape surrounding the city consists of rolling hills dotted with conventional farm buildings and livestock as well as row crop farming systems. Some suburban-style subdivisions lie a short distance to the south.
Gilbert's southern boundary is two miles north of the Ames boundary that was extended when the Ada Hayden Heritage Park was developed.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,082 people, 382 households, and 303 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 390 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 95.3% White, 1.4% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.8% from other races, and 1.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the population.
There were 382 households, of which 49.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.5% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 20.7% were non-families. 17.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.22.
The median age in the city was 34.2 years. 32.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 29.1% were from 25 to 44; 26.2% were from 45 to 64; and 6.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.1% male and 50.9% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 987 people, 337 households, and 268 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 347 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 97.06% White, 0.71% African American, 1.52% Asian, 0.20% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.11% of the population.
There were 337 households, out of which 48.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.7% were married couples living together, 4.7% had a single female head of household, and 20.2% were non-families. 16.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.93 and the average family size was 3.30.
32.1% are under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 33.5% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 6.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $56,406, and the median income for a family was $61,184. Males had a median income of $35,313 versus $25,083 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,741. About 1.1% of families and 2.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.3% of those under age 18 and 2.9% of those age 65 or over.
Education
The Gilbert area is served by Gilbert Community School District. The Gilbert Community Schools consists of Gilbert Elementary, Gilbert Intermediate School, the Gilbert Middle School, and Gilbert High School. The grade structure is a K-2, 3–5, 6–8, and 9-12 system.
Infrastructure
Transportation
The main east–west road through Gilbert is county highway E23. A Union Pacific rail line goes north and south through the city.
References
External links
City-Data Comprehensive Statistical Data and more about Gilbert
Cities in Iowa
Cities in Story County, Iowa |
Krasnohorivka (, ; ) is a city in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. Population: 16,714 (2001).
History
The town was founded in the first half of the 19th century by migrants from the Ukrainian villages of Poltava Governorate and Kharkov Governorate.
Starting mid-April 2014 pro-Russian separatists captured several towns in Donetsk Oblast; including Krasnohorivka. On 1 August 2014 Ukrainian forces had liberated the city from pro-Russian separatists. The town then became situated close to the frontline with the separatist-controlled Donetsk. It continued to come under separatist attack by shelling.
June 2015 offensive
On 3 June 2015 fresh violence returned to the town as pro-Russian rebels launched an offensive there, involving 1,000 troops, tanks and heavy artillery. The rebels stated they only engaged in defence measures after an assault by the Ukrainian army. Video footage showed outgoing artillery fire originating in residential areas in Donetsk held by the rebels, directed at Ukrainian government positions, a violation of both the Minsk II agreement and Geneva Conventions. The attacking rebel forces included a number of Russian regular soldiers. The Ukrainian government accused Russia of inciting the conflict. Western diplomats stated that the assault was carried out by combined Russian-separatist forces.
Russian invasion of Ukraine
On July 18 2023, Russian forces launched the attack to take the town.
Notable people
Mykola Shmatko (1943–2020), a Ukrainian sculptor, professor and painter.
References
Cities in Donetsk Oblast
Yekaterinoslav Governorate
Cities of district significance in Ukraine
Populated places established in the Russian Empire
Marinka urban hromada |
```xml
// See LICENSE.txt for license information.
import Fuse from 'fuse.js';
import {debounce} from 'lodash';
import React, {useCallback, useEffect, useMemo} from 'react';
import {FlatList, Platform, type StyleProp, Text, View, type ViewStyle} from 'react-native';
import {useSafeAreaInsets} from 'react-native-safe-area-context';
import {searchCustomEmojis} from '@actions/remote/custom_emoji';
import {handleReactionToLatestPost} from '@actions/remote/reactions';
import Emoji from '@components/emoji';
import TouchableWithFeedback from '@components/touchable_with_feedback';
import {useServerUrl} from '@context/server';
import {useTheme} from '@context/theme';
import {getEmojiByName, getEmojis, searchEmojis} from '@utils/emoji/helpers';
import {changeOpacity, makeStyleSheetFromTheme} from '@utils/theme';
import type CustomEmojiModel from '@typings/database/models/servers/custom_emoji';
const EMOJI_REGEX = /(^|\s|^\+|^-)(:([^:\s]*))$/i;
const EMOJI_REGEX_WITHOUT_PREFIX = /\B(:([^:\s]*))$/i;
const REACTION_REGEX = /^(\+|-):([^:\s]+)$/;
const FUSE_OPTIONS = {
findAllMatches: true,
ignoreLocation: true,
includeMatches: true,
shouldSort: false,
includeScore: true,
};
const EMOJI_SIZE = 24;
const MIN_SEARCH_LENGTH = 2;
const SEARCH_DELAY = 500;
const getStyleFromTheme = makeStyleSheetFromTheme((theme) => {
return {
emoji: {
marginRight: 5,
},
emojiName: {
fontSize: 15,
color: theme.centerChannelColor,
},
emojiText: {
color: '#000',
fontWeight: 'bold',
},
listView: {
paddingTop: 16,
},
row: {
flexDirection: 'row',
alignItems: 'center',
overflow: 'hidden',
paddingBottom: 8,
height: 40,
},
};
});
const keyExtractor = (item: string) => item;
type Props = {
cursorPosition: number;
customEmojis: CustomEmojiModel[];
updateValue: (v: string) => void;
onShowingChange: (c: boolean) => void;
rootId?: string;
value: string;
nestedScrollEnabled: boolean;
skinTone: string;
hasFilesAttached?: boolean;
inPost: boolean;
listStyle: StyleProp<ViewStyle>;
}
const EmojiSuggestion = ({
cursorPosition,
customEmojis = [],
updateValue,
onShowingChange,
rootId,
value,
nestedScrollEnabled,
skinTone,
hasFilesAttached = false,
inPost,
listStyle,
}: Props) => {
const insets = useSafeAreaInsets();
const theme = useTheme();
const style = getStyleFromTheme(theme);
const serverUrl = useServerUrl();
const containerStyle = useMemo(() =>
({paddingBottom: insets.bottom + 12})
, [insets.bottom]);
const emojis = useMemo(() => getEmojis(skinTone, customEmojis), [skinTone, customEmojis]);
const searchTerm = useMemo(() => {
const match = value.substring(0, cursorPosition).match(EMOJI_REGEX);
return match?.[3] || '';
}, [value, cursorPosition]);
const fuse = useMemo(() => {
return new Fuse(emojis, FUSE_OPTIONS);
}, [emojis]);
const data = useMemo(() => {
if (searchTerm.length < MIN_SEARCH_LENGTH) {
return [];
}
return searchEmojis(fuse, searchTerm);
}, [fuse, searchTerm]);
const showingElements = Boolean(data.length);
const completeSuggestion = useCallback((emoji: string) => {
if (!hasFilesAttached && inPost) {
const match = value.match(REACTION_REGEX);
if (match) {
handleReactionToLatestPost(serverUrl, emoji, match[1] === '+', rootId);
updateValue('');
return;
}
}
// We are going to set a double : on iOS to prevent the auto correct from taking over and replacing it
// with the wrong value, this is a hack but I could not found another way to solve it
let completedDraft: string;
let prefix = ':';
if (Platform.OS === 'ios') {
prefix = '::';
}
const emojiPart = value.substring(0, cursorPosition);
const emojiData = getEmojiByName(emoji, customEmojis);
if (emojiData?.image && emojiData.category !== 'custom') {
const codeArray: string[] = emojiData.image.split('-');
const code = codeArray.reduce((acc, c) => {
return acc + String.fromCodePoint(parseInt(c, 16));
}, '');
completedDraft = emojiPart.replace(EMOJI_REGEX_WITHOUT_PREFIX, `${code} `);
} else {
completedDraft = emojiPart.replace(EMOJI_REGEX_WITHOUT_PREFIX, `${prefix}${emoji}: `);
}
if (value.length > cursorPosition) {
completedDraft += value.substring(cursorPosition);
}
updateValue(completedDraft);
if (Platform.OS === 'ios' && (!emojiData?.filename || emojiData.category !== 'custom')) {
// This is the second part of the hack were we replace the double : with just one
// after the auto correct vanished
setTimeout(() => {
updateValue(completedDraft.replace(`::${emoji}: `, `:${emoji}: `));
});
}
}, [value, updateValue, rootId, cursorPosition, hasFilesAttached]);
const renderItem = useCallback(({item}: {item: string}) => {
const completeItemSuggestion = () => completeSuggestion(item);
const emojiSuggestionItemTestId = `autocomplete.emoji_suggestion_item.${item}`;
return (
<TouchableWithFeedback
onPress={completeItemSuggestion}
underlayColor={changeOpacity(theme.buttonBg, 0.08)}
type={'native'}
>
<View style={style.row}>
<View style={style.emoji}>
<Emoji
emojiName={item}
textStyle={style.emojiText}
size={EMOJI_SIZE}
testID={emojiSuggestionItemTestId}
/>
</View>
<Text
style={style.emojiName}
testID={`${emojiSuggestionItemTestId}.name`}
>
{`:${item}:`}
</Text>
</View>
</TouchableWithFeedback>
);
}, [completeSuggestion, theme.buttonBg, style]);
useEffect(() => {
onShowingChange(showingElements);
}, [showingElements]);
useEffect(() => {
const search = debounce(() => searchCustomEmojis(serverUrl, searchTerm), SEARCH_DELAY);
if (searchTerm.length >= MIN_SEARCH_LENGTH) {
search();
}
return () => {
search.cancel();
};
}, [searchTerm]);
if (!data.length) {
return null;
}
return (
<FlatList
keyboardShouldPersistTaps='always'
style={[style.listView, listStyle]}
data={data}
keyExtractor={keyExtractor}
removeClippedSubviews={true}
renderItem={renderItem}
nestedScrollEnabled={nestedScrollEnabled}
contentContainerStyle={containerStyle}
testID='autocomplete.emoji_suggestion.flat_list'
/>
);
};
export default EmojiSuggestion;
``` |
Piotr Michałowski (July 2, 1800 – June 9, 1855) was a Polish painter of the Romantic period, especially known for his many portraits, and oil studies of horses. Broadly educated, he was also a social activist, legal advocate, city administrator and President of the Kraków Agricultural Society (since 1853). The Sukiennice Museum, a division of the National Museum in Kraków, contains a room that is named after him and devoted to Michałowski's work.
Career
Michałowski was born at an estate in Krzysztoforzyce outside Kraków, the son of landowner Józef Michałowski, senator in the Free City of Kraków. His artistic talent developed at an early age of 13 under the watchful eye of several artists including Michał Stachowicz, Józef Brodowski (1817) and Franciszek Lampi. He formally studied a broad range of subjects at the Jagiellonian University including classical philosophy, agriculture and mathematics.
During the November Uprising against the Russian rulership, Michałowski helped run a Polish munition factory. To avoid capture, he escaped to Paris, France with his new wife Julia Ostrowska and her father. While in Paris, he continued his studies of painting and anatomy with Nicolas Toussaint Charlet (1832–1835), greatly influenced by the art of Théodore Géricault, Rembrandt and Velázquez. His watercolour studies of horses became very popular in France, sold by local art dealers since 1833 to English, German and American collectors.
Michałowski returned to Kraków in 1835 and in 1837 settled into his family estate in Krzysztoforzyce. In the 1840s and 1850s he produced numerous equestrian paintings and dramatic landscapes including his famous Romantic "Battle of Somosierra" (1844–1855, several versions), "Parade before Napoleon" and other battle sites. When Pablo Picasso visited Poland in 1948, he saw Michałowski's work at the Warsaw National Museum and shouted, "Here, painter!"
See also
Polish Romantic Jan Nepomucen Głowacki, the father of Polish school of landscape painting
References
Maciej Masłowski: Piotr Michałowski, Warsaw 1957, ed. „Sztuka”;
Maciej Masłowski: Piotr Michałowski, Warsaw 1974, ed. „Arkady” (in series „W kręgu sztuki” - "In the Circle of Art", also German version: Berlin 1974, ed. Henschel Verlag und Gess.);
Jerzy Sienkiewicz: Piotr Michałowski, Warsaw 1959, ed. "Auriga - Wydawnictwa Artystyczne i Filmowe" (Art and Film Publisher).
Selection of works including bio at Artyzm.com
Piotr Michalowski at Cracow Life.com (in English)
Somosierra - Piotr Michałowski at Culture.pl
1800 births
1855 deaths
Burials at Rakowicki Cemetery
19th-century Polish painters
19th-century Polish male artists
Equine artists
Polish male painters |
Ciara Mageean ( ) (born 12 March 1992) is a middle-distance runner from Portaferry in Northern Ireland who specialises in the 1500 metres. She is a three-time European Athletics Championship medallist at the event, with bronze in 2016 and silver in 2022 outdoors, and bronze in 2019 indoors. Mageean also won silver at the 2022 Commonwealth Games.
Mageean won three silver medals at World and European level in the Under-18 and U20 age groups. She represented Ireland at both the 2016 Rio Olympics and 2020 Tokyo Olympics. She holds four Irish records and is a multiple national champion.
Career
Ciara Mageean won silver medals at the 2009 World Youth (800 metres) and 2010 World Junior (1500 metres) Championships. She added the 1500 m silver from the 2011 European Junior Championships. Her first senior international competition saw her finish 10th in the 1500 m at the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, representing Northern Ireland.
She competed in the 1500 m event at the 2016 European Athletics Championships, winning the bronze medal. Mageean became Irish indoor record holder for the 1,500 m and the mile that season. She qualified to represent Ireland at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, where she reached the semi-finals. Mageean was coached by former Irish athlete and friend Jerry Kiernan, who she credits for her recovery after serious ankle injuries.
In 2017, Mageean moved to Manchester to work with Team New Balance, initially coached by Steve Vernon.
She placed fourth in the 1500 m at the 2018 European Championships in Berlin.
On 3 March 2019, she won the bronze medal in the event at the 2019 European Athletics Indoor Championships in Glasgow. At the World Championships held in Doha in October, she finished 10th in the final of her specialist event in a personal best time of 4:00.15.
In Bern, Switzerland, on 24 July 2020, Mageean became the first Irish woman to run sub-two minutes for the 800 m, adding to her mile and 1500 m national records. In August, she set an Irish record in the 1000 m at the Diamond League meet in Monaco, breaking by more than three seconds Sonia O'Sullivan's 27-year-old record and moving into the top 10 on the world all-time list.
Mageean tore her calf before the delayed 2020 Tokyo Olympics in 2021, and was eliminated in the heats of the 1500 m event.
She had a successful 2022 season in which she was coached by Helen Clitheroe with the Manchester-based New Balance team. Mageean chose to skip the World Championships in Eugene, Oregon in July after contracting Covid-19 the previous month, and focused on the Birmingham Commonwealth Games and European Championships Munich 2022 held in August. She won the silver medal in the 1500 m at both competitions, in each case finishing second to Scottish athlete Laura Muir. On 2 September, the 30-year-old earned her first Diamond League victory, winning her specialist event at the Brussels' Memorial Van Damme ahead of Muir. Mageean broke the 4-minute barrier for the first time, and Sonia O'Sullivan's Irish record, set in 1995, by more than two seconds. She achieved a personal best of 3:56.63, as her previous fastest time was 4:00.15, set in the 2019 World Championships final in Qatar. Six days later, she came second in a tactical race at the Zürich Diamond Race final, finishing only behind two-time Olympic and World champion Faith Kipyegon.
In August 2023, Mageean finished fourth in the final of the World Championships 1500 m.
Personal life
Mageean was awarded a UCD Ad Astra Elite Athlete Scholarship and graduated from University College Dublin with a BSc in Physiotherapy in 2017.
Her cousin Conor plays hurling for Portaferry and she watched him win the 2020 Down Senior Hurling Championship.
Statistics
Personal bests
800 metres – 1:59.27 (Manchester 2023)
1000 metres – 2:31.06 (Monaco 2020)
1500 metres – 3:56.61 (Budapest 2023)
1500 metres indoor – 4:06.42 (Boston, MA 2020)
One mile – 4:14.58 (Monaco 2023)
One mile indoor – 4:28.31 (Boston, MA 2019)
3000 metres indoor – 8:47.23 (Manchester 2022)
Circuit wins, and National titles
Diamond League
2022 (1500 m): Brussels Memorial Van Damme ()
Irish Athletics Championships
800 metres: 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019
1500 metres: 2014, 2016, 2018
Irish Indoor Athletics Championships
800 metres: 2016
3000 metres: 2017, 2019
International competitions
Recognition
Irish National Athletics Awards
2022: Athlete of the Year, Track & Field Athlete of the Year
References
External links
1992 births
Living people
Female middle-distance runners from Northern Ireland
European Athletics Championships medalists
People from Portaferry
Athletes (track and field) at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Ireland
Athletes (track and field) at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games competitors for Northern Ireland
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Northern Ireland
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
Athletes from County Down
Alumni of University College Dublin
Medallists at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
People educated at Assumption Grammar School |
The 1984 Liberty Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game played on December 27, 1984, at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee. The 26th edition of the Liberty Bowl pitted the Auburn Tigers and the Arkansas Razorbacks.
Background
Auburn, off the heels of an 11–1 season, a Southeastern Conference championship and a win in the Sugar Bowl, were ranked #1 to begin the 1984 season. However, they were beaten by #14 Miami 20–18 in the Kickoff Classic, and a loss to #4 Texas the following game meant that the Tigers dropped all the way to #19 in the polls. However, the team won six straight from that point on, including a victory over #9 Florida State to rise to #11. But a loss to #13 Florida dashed their conference title hopes, and they finished the regular season with a 17–15 loss to Alabama in the Iron Bowl. This was Auburn's third straight bowl game appearance, along with their first Liberty Bowl appearance since 1965.
The Razorbacks were in their first season under head coach Ken Hatfield, who had taken over after Lou Holtz was fired the previous year following a 6–5 season and a fourth place finish in the Southwest Conference. Hatfield's team won seven games while finishing tied for 2nd in the conference with TCU. They went 0-2 against ranked opponents, losing 24-18 to #3 Texas in the middle of the season and losing 31-28 to #11 SMU to close out the regular season. This was the 7th bowl game for Arkansas in eight seasons and first Liberty Bowl appearance since 1971.
This also served as the first meeting of the two teams.
Game summary
Arkansas got on the board first on a 31-yard field goal from Greg Horne to make it 3–0 with 7:27 left in the first quarter. Auburn scored four minutes later on a Bo Jackson touchdown plunge that finished off an 80 yard drive, although the extra point was no good, making it 6–3. Auburn struck again after cornerback Kevin Porter intercepted a pass from Brad Taylor and returned it 35 yards for a touchdown.
Auburn went for two and on the ensuing possession, quarterback Pat Washington ran in for the 2 point score to make it 14–3, which proved to be the end of scoring for the rest of the first half. The game heated back up in the fourth quarter, with Arkansas taking advantage of a Brent Fullwood fumble that Arkansas recovered on the Auburn 6, responding with a touchdown from fullback Marshall Foreman from two yards out. The two point conversion was no good, keeping it at 14–9. With 5:38 remaining in the game, Jackson took a pass from his left and ran 39 yards for a touchdown, making the score 21–9. Arkansas responded with 3:10 remaining on a 25 yard touchdown pass from Taylor to James Shibest, but the extra point was no good, making it 21–15. Auburn held on in the final minutes to clinch the victory. Jackson finished with 88 yards on 18 carries, with two touchdowns while also having one reception for 25 yards in an MVP effort. Foreman finished with 62 yards on 15 carries with one touchdown. Bobby Joe Edmonds caught 10 passes for 68 yards.
Game statistics
Aftermath
Auburn went on to play in four more bowl games in the decade, although they have not returned to the Liberty Bowl since this game. Arkansas went to five more bowl games in the decade, returning to the Liberty Bowl three years later. After Arkansas joined the SEC in 1992, the two teams began meeting regularly with each other. It was not until 1995 that Arkansas managed to beat Auburn.
References
Liberty Bowl
Liberty Bowl
Auburn Tigers football bowl games
Arkansas Razorbacks football bowl games
Liberty Bowl |
```elixir
defmodule Commanded.Event.ErrorAggregate do
@moduledoc false
defstruct [:uuid]
defmodule Commands do
defmodule RaiseError do
defstruct [:uuid, :strategy, :delay, :reply_to]
end
defmodule RaiseException do
defstruct [:uuid, :strategy, :delay, :reply_to]
end
end
defmodule Events do
defmodule ErrorEvent do
@derive Jason.Encoder
defstruct [:uuid, :strategy, :delay, :reply_to]
end
defmodule ExceptionEvent do
@derive Jason.Encoder
defstruct [:uuid, :strategy, :delay, :reply_to]
end
defmodule InvalidReturnValueEvent do
@derive Jason.Encoder
defstruct [:uuid, :reply_to]
end
end
alias Commanded.Event.ErrorAggregate
alias Commands.{RaiseError, RaiseException}
alias Events.{ErrorEvent, ExceptionEvent}
def execute(%ErrorAggregate{}, %RaiseError{} = command) do
struct(ErrorEvent, Map.from_struct(command))
end
def execute(%ErrorAggregate{}, %RaiseException{} = command) do
struct(ExceptionEvent, Map.from_struct(command))
end
def apply(%ErrorAggregate{} = aggregate, _event),
do: aggregate
end
``` |
Eshetu Tura (; (born January 19, 1950) is an Ethiopian retired long-distance runner from Ethiopia. He won the bronze medal in 3,000 metres steeplechase at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
Career
Tura won a silver medal behind Kip Rono at the first African Championships in 1979. In the 1982 edition, he won the steeplechase competition as well as a silver in 5000 metres.
Tura is currently working as a steeplechase coach for the Ethiopian national athletics team, where he also served as a coach for the late Somalian middle-distance athlete Samia Yusuf Omar.
Achievements
References
External links
1950 births
Living people
Ethiopian male long-distance runners
Ethiopian male steeplechase runners
Olympic athletes for Ethiopia
Athletes (track and field) at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Ethiopia
Ethiopian athletics coaches
World Athletics Championships athletes for Ethiopia
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)
20th-century Ethiopian people
21st-century Ethiopian people
Competitors at the 1984 Friendship Games |
Croatia competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.
Medalists
Athletics
Men
Track & road events
Field events
Women
Track & road events
Field events
Canoeing
Slalom
Sprint
Men
Rowing
Sailing
Men
Open
Shooting
Men
Women
Swimming
Men
Women
Table tennis
Men
Women
Taekwondo
Women
Tennis
Men
Women
Volleyball
Women's Team Competition
Preliminary round
Group A
16 September 2000
18 September 2000
20 September 2000
22 September 2000
24 September 2000
Quarter-finals
26 September 2000
5–8th place
27 September 2000
7th place
28 September 2000
Roster
Marija Anzulović
Elena Cebukina
Patricia Daničić
Biljana Gligorović
Barbara Jelić
Vesna Jelić
Gordana Jurcan
Ana Kaštelan
Nataša Leto
Marijana Ribičić
Beti Rimac
Ingrid Siscovich
Water polo
Men's Team Competition
Preliminary round
Group B
Quarterfinals
Classification 5th–8th
Classification 7th–8th
Roster
Siniša Školneković
Elvis Fatović
Dubravko Šimenc
Ognjen Kržić
Ratko Štritof
Mile Smodlaka
Ivo Ivaniš
Alen Bošković
Samir Barač
Igor Hinić
Frano Vićan
Vjekoslav Kobešćak
Višeslav Sarić
Weightlifting
References
sports-reference
Wallechinsky, David (2004). The Complete Book of the Summer Olympics (Athens 2004 Edition). Toronto, Canada. .
International Olympic Committee (2001). The Results. Retrieved 12 November 2005.
Sydney Organising Committee for the Olympic Games (2001). Official Report of the XXVII Olympiad Volume 1: Preparing for the Games. Retrieved 20 November 2005.
Sydney Organising Committee for the Olympic Games (2001). Official Report of the XXVII Olympiad Volume 2: Celebrating the Games. Retrieved 20 November 2005.
Sydney Organising Committee for the Olympic Games (2001). The Results. Retrieved 20 November 2005.
International Olympic Committee Web Site
Nations at the 2000 Summer Olympics
2000
Olympics |
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