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Kilifi South is a constituency in Kenya. It is one of seven constituencies in Kilifi County.
References
Constituencies in Kilifi County |
The Musée Curie (Curie Museum) is a historical museum focusing on radiological research. It is located in the 5th arrondissement at 1, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, and open Wednesday to Saturday, from 1pm to 5pm; admission is free. The museum was renovated in 2012, thanks to a donation from Ève Curie.
History
In 1914, the laboratory was directed by Marie Curie. The museum was established in 1934, after Curie's death, on the ground floor of the Curie Pavilion of the Institut du Radium. It was formerly Marie Curie's laboratory, built 1911–1914, and where she performed research from 1914 to 1934. In this laboratory her daughter and son-in-law Irène and Frédéric Joliot-Curie discovered artificial radioactivity, for which they received the 1935 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. In 1958, death of Frédéric Joliot-Curie. The office and the laboratory are closed to be kept as a place of memory. In 1964, during the thirtieth anniversary of the discovery of artificial radioactivity, display cases were set up to present some of the devices used until the 1930s. In 1967, for the centenary of the birth of Marie Curie, her office and her personal chemistry laboratory were presented to privileged visitors. In 1981, due to the increase in visits, Marie Curie's chemistry laboratory was decontaminated and then reconstituted. This work was subsidized by the French League Against Cancer. In 1995, on the occasion of the seventy-fifth anniversary of the Fondation Curie, the transfer of the ashes of Pierre and Marie Curie to the Panthéon, and in anticipation of the hundredth anniversary of the discovery of natural radioactivity, the exhibition room of instruments is renovated and extended. In 2007, the legacy of Marie Curie's daughter, Ève Curie, enabled the renovation of the Curie museum, completed in September 2012.
Exposition
The museum contains a permanent historical exhibition on radioactivity and its applications, notably in medicine, focusing primarily on the Curies, and displays some of the most important research apparatus used before 1940. It also contains a center for historical resource which holds archives, photographs, and documentation on the Curies, Joliot-Curies, the Institut Curie, and the history of radioactivity and oncology.
See also
List of museums in Paris
References
External links
Le musée Curie (French) – official site
Reids Guides entry
Museums in Paris entry
Museums in Paris
Buildings and structures in the 5th arrondissement of Paris
Curie
Science museums in France
Medical museums in France
History of science museums |
Chauliognathus deceptus is a species of soldier beetle in the family Cantharidae. It is found in North America.
References
Further reading
External links
Cantharidae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1951 |
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Owsley County, Kentucky.
It is intended to be a complete list of the properties on the National Register of Historic Places in Owsley County, Kentucky, United States. The locations of National Register properties for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.
There is 1 property listed on the National Register in the county.
Current listing
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See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Kentucky
National Register of Historic Places listings in Kentucky
References
Owsley |
Dara, formerly Oğuz, () is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Artuklu, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 1,029 in 2021.
History
The village was populated by Catholic Armenians until the Armenian genocide in 1915. Kurds from Bayraklı, Derik would subsequently settle in the village and have since then been intertwined with the surrounding Dakoran tribe.
See also
Battle of Dara (530 CE)
Dara (Mesopotamia)
Dara Dam – Roman arch dam
References
Neighbourhoods in Artuklu District
Kurdish settlements in Mardin Province
Former Armenian communities in Mardin Province |
Roy Moxham (born 1939) is a British writer, the author of historical books highlighting little-known historical facts.
Life
Moxham was born in Evesham, Worcestershire on 13 September 1939 and went to Prince Henry's Grammar School there. In 1961 he went to Nyasaland (now Malawi) to manage a tea plantation. In 1973 he returned to Britain and established a small gallery in Covent Garden to sell African art, travelling widely in Africa. In 1978 he went to Camberwell College of Art and Crafts, where he qualified as a book and archive conservator. Subsequently, he was a conservator at Canterbury Cathedral Archives and then became Senior Conservator at the Senate House Library of the University of London, from which he retired in 2005. He lives in London, travels widely in south and south-east Asia and is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society.
Works
Moxham's first book was The Freelander, a novel based on the exploits of a group of idealists trying to establish a commune on Mount Kenya in the 1890s. His best-known book is The Great Hedge of India. This book is part-travelogue, part-historical treatise on the author's quest to find a 1500-mile long customs hedge built by the British in India to prevent smuggling of salt and sugar. His next book, Tea: Addiction, Exploitation and Empire focuses on the effect of British tea addiction on British policies in Asia and Africa, and includes the author's own experience as a tea plantation manager in Africa. An updated edition " A Brief History of Tea" came out in 2009. In 2010 he published a memoir, "Outlaw: India's Bandit Queen and Me" about his friendship with Phoolan Devi, the Indian bandit turned politician. In 2014 he published as an e-book a novel, "The East India Company Wife", based on the real life of Catherine Cooke, a thirteen-year-old English girl who went to India with her parents in 1709. In November 2016 The Theft of India: The European Conquests of India 1498 – 1765 was published.
Bibliography
The Theft of India: The European conquests of India 1498 – 1765 (HarperCollins India, New Delhi: November 2016)
The East India Company Wife (e-book: 2014)
Outlaw: India's Bandit Queen and Me (Rider, London: 2010)
A Brief History of Tea (Robinson: 2009)
Tea: Addiction, Exploitation and Empire (Constable, London: 2003)
The Great Hedge of India (Constable, London: 2001)
The Freelander (Team, Nairobi: 1990)
External links
Personal website
Living people
21st-century British novelists
British travel writers
Academics of the University of London
British male novelists
21st-century British male writers
1939 births |
Plomer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Plomer baronets
John Plomer ( 1410– 1483), English composer
Michèle Plomer (born 1965), Canadian writer and translator
William Plomer (1903–1973), South African and British writer
See also
Ploner
Plumer (disambiguation) |
The Lowry is a theatre and gallery complex at Salford Quays, Salford, Greater Manchester, England. It is named after the early 20th-century painter L. S. Lowry, known for his paintings of industrial scenes in North West England. The complex opened on 28 April 2000 and was officially opened on 12 October 2000 by Queen Elizabeth II.
Background
To redevelop the derelict Salford docks, Salford City Council developed a regeneration plan in 1988 for the brownfield site highlighting the leisure, cultural and tourism potential of the area, and included a flagship development that would involve the creation of a performing arts centre. The initial proposals were for two theatres and an art gallery on a prominent site on Pier 8.
Between 1990 and 1991 a competition was launched and architects James Stirling Michael Wilford Associates was selected.
After the death of James Stirling in June 1992 Michael Wilford continued the project. The city council bid for Millennium and other British and European funds and private sector finance to progress the project. Funding was secured in 1996 and The Lowry Trust became responsible for the project which comprised The Lowry Centre, the plaza, a footbridge, a retail outlet shopping mall and Digital World Centre. The National Lottery provided over £21 million of funding towards its construction. The project was completed in 2000 at a cost of £106 million. The Lowry name was adopted in honour of the local artist, L. S. Lowry. In 2002, a nearby shopping centre that was also named after Lowry was opened.
The complex is close to the Imperial War Museum North and the Old Trafford football stadium. It is served by the MediaCityUK stop on the Metrolink tram network. In 2010 and 2011 it was Greater Manchester's most visited tourist attraction. A sting operation by the Salford Star in 2006 attempted to demonstrate intolerance towards unaccompanied teenagers in hoodies entering the complex.
Design and construction
The complex was designed by Michael Wilford with structural engineer Buro Happold and constructed by Bovis Construction. Groundbreaking took place on 19 June 1997. The Lowry is built on a triangular site at the end of Pier 8 and has a triangular plan. A promenade encircling the building provides views of the Manchester Ship Canal, MediaCityUK and the Salford Quays developments.
The foyer faces the public plaza, where there is a large aerofoil canopy at the entrance clad with perforated steel and illuminated from inside at night. Much of the building is clad in stainless steel and glass.
The Lowry was described as "not quite 'Salford's Guggenheim' ... It is ultimately too small and too well behaved ... although there are obvious shared aims", a reference to the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, which was built for similar reasons.
The Lowry footbridge spanning the ship canal was designed and project managed by Parkman, with design support from Carlos Fernandez Casado. It is a lift bridge with a clear span of , which lifts vertically to provide a clearance for shipping using the canal. The bridge span is a tied arch and the towers are constructed in tubular steelwork to provide an open aspect to view the lifting counterweight and sheaves.
In November 2015, the Lowry opened a new bar and restaurant, called Pier 8, after a 12-week closure on the original bar and restaurant. The new space cost £3m to develop and is part of an ongoing £5m investment programme to improve facilities and reduce the environmental footprint of the complex.
The new features include a zinc topped curving bar with room to seat 150 people for casual dining. The bar also has a feature tree with leaves made from cotton, to commemorate Salford Quays’ history at the centre of the cotton shipping industry. The new restaurant contains seven private booths, a newly designed open kitchen, and a second large room at the rear which can be opened up to accommodate more diners or private functions. Major structural changes have taken place in the building for the design, including the removal of a large staircase and the addition of an external entrance to the bar and restaurant, as well as added areas made to look like shipping containers.
Gallery
The complex contains of gallery space devoted to the permanent collection of works by L. S. Lowry, as well as other temporary exhibitions.
Most of the L. S. Lowry works were originally collected from the 1930s onwards by Salford Museum and Art Gallery, and the collection was transferred to the new purpose-built museum when it opened in 2000. The collection includes about 400 pieces in oil, pastel and watercolours from all periods of Lowry's career. Noted works on display include:
Coming from the Mill (watercolour c.1917-18)
Coming from the Mill (oil on canvas, 1930)
Going to the Match (oil on canvas, 1953)
The Cripples (oil on canvas, 1949)
Industrial Landscape (oil on canvas, 1953)
Portrait of Ann (oil on board, 1957)
A Head of a Man with Red Eyes (oil on board, 1938)
The Artworks Creativity Gallery, designed and implemented by architects Reich-Petch (responsible for developing the National Museum of Natural History in Washington D.C.), uses multimedia to encourage visitor participation and interaction with exhibits to transform gallery space.
Between October 2011 and January 2012 the gallery hosted an exhibition of about 100 works by Lowry's teacher, Pierre Adolphe Valette, including paintings of Manchester from Manchester Art Gallery and loans from private owners.
An Archive Room houses material related to the artist including books, catalogues of his exhibitions and auctions, press cuttings, tapes of interviews with Lowry and others, photographs and ephemera. The archive is open by appointment.
Theatre
At the core of the complex are two theatres and a drama studio. The Lyric Theatre has 1,730 seats while the Quays has 466. The theatres host touring plays, comedy and musical events and Opera North. The Lyric Theatre has the largest stage in the United Kingdom outside London's West End. It played host to the 2011 Royal Variety Performance.
The Daughter-in-Law by D. H. Lawrence, a play in Nottingham dialect, neither published nor performed in Lawrence's lifetime was revived at the Lyric Theatre in 2012. The Lowry was the venue for the grand final of the BBC quiz show Mastermind in 2003.
The Lyric Theatre has also housed the first and only televised recording of the radio show I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue, which Humphrey Lyttelton chaired just 19 days before his death in April 2008. An edited version aired on BBC Four, and the full edition is available on DVD.
It also hosts auditions for Britain's Got Talent
Week 53 Festival
The Lowry hosts the bi-annual Week 53 Festival, its flagship Arts festival with a multi-disciplinary programme across music, dance, theatre and performance.
References
Notes
External links
Online exhibition of the Lowry art collection:
Buildings and structures in Salford
Art museums and galleries in Greater Manchester
Arts centres in England
Theatres in Greater Manchester
Michael Wilford buildings
Buildings and structures celebrating the third millennium
High-tech architecture
Event venues established in 2000
Theatres completed in 2000
L. S. Lowry
1999 establishments in England
Salford Quays |
Boris Petrovich Kravchenko (Борис Петрович Кравченко) (29 November 1929 in Leningrad – 9 February 1979 in Leningrad) was a Russian composer.
Works
Puppet opera for the State Puppet Theatre of Fairy Tales after Pushkin's The Tale of the Priest and of His Workman Balda (Сказка о попе и работнике его Балде) 1972
References
Russian male composers
1929 births
1979 deaths
20th-century Russian male musicians |
A clan badge, sometimes called a plant badge, is a badge or emblem, usually a sprig of a specific plant, that is used to identify a member of a particular Scottish clan. They are usually worn affixed to the bonnet behind the Scottish crest badge, or pinned at the shoulder of a lady's tartan sash. According to popular lore clan badges were used by Scottish clans as a means of identification in battle. An authentic example of plants being used in this way (though not by a clan) were the sprigs of oats used by troops under the command of Montrose during the sack of Aberdeen. Similar items are known to have been used by military forces in Scotland, like paper, or the "White Cockade" (a bunch of white ribbon) of the Jacobites.
Authenticity
Despite popular lore, many clan badges attributed to Scottish clans would be completely impractical for use as a means of identification. Many would be unsuitable, even for a modern clan gathering, let alone a raging clan battle. Also, a number of the plants (and flowers) attributed as clan badges are only available during certain times of year. Even though it is maintained that clan badges were used long before the Scottish crest badges used today, according to a former Lord Lyon King of Arms the oldest symbols used at gatherings were heraldic flags such as the banner, standard and pinsel.
There is much confusion as to why some clans have been attributed more than one clan badge. Several 19th century writers variously attributed plants to clans, many times contradicting each other. It has been claimed by one writer that if a clan gained new lands it may have also acquired that district's "badge" and used it along with their own clan badge. It is clear however, that there are several large groups of clans which share badges and also share a historical connection. The Clan Donald group (clans Macdonald, Macdonald of Clanranald, Macdonell of Glengarry, MacDonald of Keppoch) and clans/septs which have been associated with Clan Donald (like certain MacIntyres and the Macqueens of Skye) all have common heath attributed as their badge. Another large group is the Clan Chattan group (clans Mackintosh, Macpherson, Macgillivray, Macqueen, Macbain, Farquharson, Davidson) which have been attributed red whortleberry (sometimes called cranberry in Scotland), or bearberry, or boxwood. The leaves of these three plants are very similar, and at least one writer has claimed that whatever plant which happened to be available was used. One group, the Siol Alpin group, of clans are said to have claimed or are thought to share a common descent. The Siol Alpin clans (clans Grant, Gregor, MacAulay, Macfie, Macnab, Mackinnon, Macquarrie) are all attributed the clan badge of pine (Scots fir). In some cases, clan badges are derived from the heraldry of clan chiefs. For example, the Farquharsons have pine attributed as a clan badge of theirs (pine also appears on the uniforms of the Invercauld Highlanders). Pine was actually used in the Invercauld Arms as a mark of cadencing to the basic Shaw-Mackintosh Arms.
Plants used as badges
See also
Flora of Scotland
Language of flowers
Scottish crest badge
Notes and references
Bibliography
Moncreiffe of that Ilk, Iain. The Highland Clans. London: Barrie & Rockliff, 1967.
badge
Symbols |
Gøsta Esping-Andersen (; born 24 November 1947) is a Danish sociologist whose primary focus has been on the welfare state and its place in capitalist economies. Jacob Hacker describes him as the "dean of welfare state scholars." Over the past decade his research has moved towards family demographic issues. A synthesis of his work was published as Families in the 21st Century (Stockholm, SNS, 2016).
Esping-Andersen is a pioneer of power resource theory.
Academic career
Esping-Andersen completed his doctoral studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, writing a dissertation under the supervision of Gerald Marwell. While at Madison, Esping-Andersen also studied with Erik Olin Wright and Aage B. Sørensen, as well as Maurice Zeitlin, who mentored Esping-Andersen until his departure from the University of Wisconsin in 1977.
Esping-Andersen is professor emeritus at Pompeu Fabra University in Barcelona (Spain), and member of the Scientific Committee of the Juan March Institute and of the Board of Trustees and the Scientific Council at the IMDEA Social Sciences Institute, both in Madrid (Spain). He is a member of the American Academy of Social Sciences and the British Academy. He was awarded an honoris doctor causa from the University of Copenhagen in 2012. He is now a research professor at Bocconi University in Milan.
Major works
His most influential and highly cited book titled The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism was published in 1990 and laid out three main types of welfare states, in which modern developed capitalist nations cluster:
Liberal
Corporatist-Statist
Social Democratic
The traditional examples of the three types of welfare states are the United States (liberal), Germany (corporatist-statist) and Sweden (social democratic).
Other sociologists and political scientists went on to apply his theoretical analysis to the real world. One such example is a book entitled Real Worlds of Welfare Capitalism, written by Robert E. Goodin, Bruce Headey, Ruud Muffels, and Henk-Jan Dirven. While some critics claim Esping-Andersen's categories are becoming outdated, many political scientists are attracted by its intuitive simplicity.
In the past decade, his research has moved to demographic issues and in particular to the consequences of women's changing roles. He has developed a multiple equilibrium framework for the understanding of changing family behaviour. See in particular his Families in the 21st Century and Esping-Andersen and Billari (2015) and Retheorizing family demographic change. Population and Development Review (2015).
Criticism
The evolving nature of welfare states often makes it difficult to categorize. Arguably, many welfare states have components from some or all typologies, making them more akin to points on a continuum rather than rigid typologies, a fact Esping-Andersen acknowledges in his writings.
According to French sociologist, Georges Menahem, Esping-Andersen's "decommodification index" aggregates both qualitative and quantitative variables for ”sets of dimensions” which are fluid, and pertain to three very different areas. Similarly, Menahem has concerns regarding the validity of the index, and its potential for replication.
In 1996, the Italian Social Scientist Maurizio Ferrera, further developed Esping-Andersen's Worlds of Welfare by identifying a fourth subtype of the welfare state model, the Southern European Model of Welfare.
Bibliography
Books
Esping-Andersen, Gosta (2016) Families in the 21st Century (Stockholm, SNS).
Notes
References
1947 births
Danish academics
Danish political scientists
Danish sociologists
Academic staff of the European University Institute
Living people
Academic staff of Pompeu Fabra University
People from Næstved Municipality
Corresponding Fellows of the British Academy |
Fishburne Military School (FMS) is a private, military boarding school for boys in Waynesboro, Virginia, United States. It was founded by James A. Fishburne in 1879 and is one of the oldest military schools in the country.
History
Jame Abbott Fishburne an honor graduate of Washington college, was inspired by its founder, Robert E. Lee and in 1879 with 24 students, opened what what eventually was to be called Fishburne military School. Professor Fishburne died on Nov 11 1921. The first section of the wooden barracks (now called the front parapet) was built in 1883, it was accredited by Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools in 1897. Staunton architects T.J. Collins & sons designed the 1916-22 barracks complex, the 1915 library (Virginas second Carnegie library) and the 1940 gymnasium-administrative building. Colonel Morgan H. Hudgins, is the schools second great leader. He began teaching in 1901 and severed as Principal/Superintendent from 1912-1952. In February 1919, the school adopted one of the nation's first Army Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps programs. The Fishburne-Hudgins Educational Foundation Inc. was organized by alumni in 1951 to acquire and perpetuate the school and was named for the schools founder and his successor, COL Hudgins. This Foundations Board of Trustees continues to oversee the operation of the school.
Campus
The 1916 Gothic Revival barracks designed by Staunton architect T.J. Collins was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 4, 1984 (Ref. # #84000058). It is the center of the Fishburne campus and dominates downtown Waynesboro as it sits on a hill overlooking the school's parade and athletic field. The barracks building is constructed in the form of an open three floor rectangle with cadet rooms, some offices, and most classrooms facing the open Quadrangle. Attached to the barracks themselves is a wing containing the chapel above the mess hall which is above the swimming pool.
Attached to the barracks by a breezeway is the administrative/gym building. The most recent occupied campus building, sitting on the southeast corner is Hobby-Hudgins Hall, combining a modern computer center and library with physical education facilities including locker rooms and weight room.
Notable alumni
Gerald L. Baliles, 1959, Governor of Virginia
John Campbell, bassist of heavy metal band Lamb of God
Reno Collier, stand-up comedian
ED Denson, music group manager, producer, record label owner
Daniel Dixon, professional basketball player
Jonathan Edwards, singer and songwriter
Otto Felix, 1962, actor, writer
Samuel Lightfoot Flournoy, lawyer and politician
Leonel Gómez Vides, Salvadoran activist
John L. Hanigan, businessman
Monk McDonald, college athlete, a head coach for the North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball team
Vince McMahon, 1964, WWE (formerly WWF) chairman and founder of the XFL
John O. Noonan, 1999, conservative policy advisor and writer for The Weekly Standard
John J. Rowlands, journalist, writer, and outdoorsman
W. Richard Stevens, technical author
Notable faculty
John W. Fishburne, Virginia Congressman
Joel Greenspoon, psychology researcher, professor, and clinician
See also
Association of Military Colleges and Schools of the United States
List of boarding schools in the United States
List of high schools in Virginia
Virginia Association of Independent Schools
References
External links
Fishburne-Hudgins Educational Foundation
School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Boarding schools in Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Waynesboro, Virginia
Military high schools in the United States
Buildings and structures in Waynesboro, Virginia
Private middle schools in Virginia
Private high schools in Virginia
Educational institutions established in 1879
1879 establishments in Virginia |
The pandero is a musical instrument of the membranophone family consisting of a circular frame, often made of wood or plastic, with a single head of skin stretched over it. It is played in folk music of Latin-America, Spain and Portugal. In many of these countries, when the frame has pairs of small metal jingles, it is called pandereta. In some countries, terms pandero and pandereta are interchangeable. It is played by tapping the head with fingers or palm.
Gallery
References
The Concise Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume 1. (2008). .
Membranophones |
Pitcairnia subg. Pepinia is a subgenus of plants in the family Bromeliaceae. It has at times been treated as the separate genus Pepinia, but is now included again in the genus Pitcairnia. The name is for Pierre Denis Pépin, French member of the Imperial and Central Society of Agriculture (c.1802-1876).
Taxonomy
Pepinia was established as a genus in 1870 by Adolphe-Théodore Brongniart in a publication by Édouard André. Pepinia was reduced to a subgenus of Pitcairnia in 1881 by John Gilbert Baker, but elevated again to a genus in 1988, largely on the basis of the morphology of its seeds. The use of morphological characters to differentiate Pepinia from Pitcairnia was rejected in 1999; a view later confirmed by multiple molecular studies.
Selected species
Species that have been placed in Pepinia and are now placed in Pitcairnia subg. Pepinia include:
Pepinia agavifolia (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia agavifolia
Pepinia alborubra (Baker) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia alborubra
Pepinia alexanderi H.Luther = Pitcairnia alexanderi
Pepinia amblyosperma (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia amblyosperma
Pepinia aphelandriflora (Lemaire) André = Pitcairnia aphelandriflora
Pepinia armata (Maury) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia armata
Pepinia beachiae (J. Utley & Burt-Utley) H.Luther = Pitcairnia beachiae
Pepinia bulbosa (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia bulbosa
Pepinia caricifolia (Martius ex Schultes f.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia caricifolia
Pepinia carnososepala (Rauh & E. Gross) H.Luther = Pitcairnia carnososepala
Pepinia corallina (Linden & André) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia corallina
Pepinia ctenophylla (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia ctenophylla
Pepinia cuatrecasasiana (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia cuatrecasasiana
Pepinia epiphytica (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia epiphytica
Pepinia filispina (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia filispina
Pepinia fulgens H.Luther = Pitcairnia harrylutheri
Pepinia harlingii (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia harlingii
Pepinia hooveri H.Luther = Pitcairnia hooveri
Pepinia juncoides (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia juncoides
Pepinia kunhardtiana (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia kunhardtiana
Pepinia leopoldii W.Till & S.Till = Pitcairnia leopoldii
Pepinia maguirei (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia maguirei
Pepinia patentiflora (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia patentiflora
Pepinia pruinosa Kunth = Pitcairnia pruinosa
Pepinia punicea (Scheidweiler) Brongniart ex André = Pitcairnia punicea
Pepinia rubiginosa (Baker) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia rubiginosa
Pepinia sanguinea H.Luther = Pitcairnia sanguinea
Pepinia turbinella (L.B.Sm.) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia turbinella
Pepinia uaupensis (Baker) G.S.Varad. & Gilmartin = Pitcairnia uaupensis
Pepinia verrucosa E. Gross = Pitcairnia elvirae
References
External links
BSI Genera Gallery photos
Pitcairnia
Plant subgenera |
Florenc Central Bus Station (also known as Prague main bus terminal (Florenc) or Main bus station (Florenc)) is the largest and most well-known bus terminal both in Prague and the Czech Republic. It is located eastward of the part of the city with the same name, Florenc, the top part of the terminal belongs to city quarter New Town, whereas the bottom part and the building with the old hall belongs to the cadastral area Karlín in Prague 8. The old hall with the former main entrance is located in the Křížikova street next to the Musical Theatre Karlín, the entrance for the buses is from the crossroads of streets Prvního pluku and Malého.
Between the years 1992 and 2004, the name of the bus terminal was also in the name of the joint-stock company that owned the bus terminal.
The terminal sees 10 000 000 travellers yearly. It is located above the Prague metro station of the same name.
References
Public transport in Prague
Bus stations in Europe |
The 138th Delaware General Assembly was a meeting of the legislative branch of the state government, consisting of the Delaware Senate and the Delaware House of Representatives. Elections were held the first Tuesday after November 1st and terms began in Dover on the first Tuesday in January. This date was January 3, 1995, which was two weeks before the beginning of the third administrative year of Democratic Governor Thomas R. Carper from New Castle County and Democratic Lieutenant Governor Ruth Ann Minner from Kent County.
Currently the distribution of seats for both houses was based on the interpretation of the federal 1990 census. It resulted in a large numbers of membership numbers in the New Castle County area and ruling that the election districts would abandonment of county lines for their boundaries, but would design whatever district boundaries that would accomplish such population equals.
In the 138th Delaware General Assembly session the Senate had a Democratic majority and the House had a Republican majority.
Leadership
Members
Senate
About half the State Senators were elected every two years for a four-year term, except the decade district redesign year, when all served two years. They were designed for equal populations from all districts and its accomplishment occasionally included some territory from two counties.
House of Representatives
All the State Representatives were elected every two years for a two-year term. They were designed for equal populations from all districts and its accomplishment occasionally included some territory from two counties.
References
Places with more information
Delaware Historical Society; website; 505 North Market Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801; (302) 655-7161
University of Delaware; Library website; 181 South College Avenue, Newark, Delaware 19717; (302) 831-2965
Delaware legislative sessions
1995 in Delaware
1996 in Delaware
Delaware
Delaware |
Blennidus casalei is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Moret in 2005.
References
Blennidus
Beetles described in 2005 |
Gábor Szilágyi (born 4 September 1981) is a Hungarian former footballer who played as striker.
References
Futballévkönyv 1999 [Football Yearbook 1999], Volume I, pp. 78–82., Aréna 2000 kiadó, Budapest, 2000
1981 births
Footballers from Eger
Living people
Hungarian men's footballers
Hungary men's youth international footballers
Men's association football forwards
Budapesti VSC footballers
FC Jokerit players
Helsingin Jalkapalloklubi players
FC Hämeenlinna players
FC KooTeePee players
Turun Palloseura footballers
Tatabányai SC players
Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
Veikkausliiga players
Hungarian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Finland
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Finland |
Dziarny is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Iława, within Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Iława and west of the regional capital Olsztyn.
References
Dziarny |
Göllheim is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Donnersbergkreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Göllheim.
The Verbandsgemeinde Göllheim consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):
Albisheim
Biedesheim
Bubenheim
Dreisen
Einselthum
Göllheim
Immesheim
Lautersheim
Ottersheim
Rüssingen
Standenbühl
Weitersweiler
Zellertal
Verbandsgemeinde in Rhineland-Palatinate
North Palatinate |
The Rashtriya Sikh Sangat ("National Sikh Association") is an India-based Sikh affiliate of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS)
About
With about 450+ ekais (shakas, units) predominantly in the states of Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Gujarat, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and as also presence in other states. Rashtriya Sikh Sangat was inspired by the Hindu nationalist organization Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh to unite Hindus and Sikh.
List of Leaders
Attacks on its Leaders
In 2009, Khalistan Liberation Force and Babbar Khalsa, Khalistani militant organization assassinated Rulda Singh, the then president of the Rashtriya Sikh Sangat, in Patiala.
Controversies
The Akal Takht issued a Hukamnama (an edict) to the Sikh community in 2004 to not lend support to this organization as it does not represent Sikh interests. The edict stands, even now.
In 2004, the leader of the Akal Takht declared that the organization to be "anti-Sikh" and "anti-panthic". It forbade all Sikhs from having any association with it. The Akal Takht, (the supreme temporal body of the Sikh community worldwide) reiterated the ban again in 2019 and is seen as an attempt by the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) to promote Hindutva, to Sikhs and an attempt to assimilate (absorb) Sikhs into Hinduism.
See also
Sangh Parivar
Bharatiya Janata Party
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS)
Muslim Rashtriya Manch
Keshdhari Hindus
Sanatan Sikh
Hinduism and Sikhism
References
Religious organisations based in India
Sangh Parivar
1986 establishments in India
Sikh organisations |
Angerstein is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
People
Anders Angerstein (1614–1659), German-Swedish ironmaster
Fritz Angerstein (1891–1925), German mass murderer
John Angerstein (MP) (–1858), English politician and Member of Parliament, son of John Julius
John Julius Angerstein (1732–1823), London merchant and patron of the fine arts
Karl Angerstein (1890–1985), senior Luftwaffe officer of World War II
Reinhold Angerstein (1718–1760), Swedish metallurgist
William Angerstein (1811–1897), British Liberal Party Member of Parliament
Families
Angerstein family
See also
Angerstein Wharf, London |
Hermia is a fictional character from A Midsummer Night's Dream.
Hermia may also refer to:
685 Hermia, an S-type asteroid
Hermia (Finland), a science park
Hermia (Cilicia) |
Vladimir Andreyevich (; 9 July 1535 – 9 October 1569) was the last appanage Russian prince. His complicated relationship with his cousin, Ivan the Terrible, was dramatized in Sergei Eisenstein's 1944 film Ivan the Terrible.
Life
The only son of Andrey of Staritsa and his wife Yefrosinya Staritskaya (), Vladimir spent his childhood under strict surveillance in Moscow.
In 1541, he was released along with his mother: "the grand prince Ivan Vasilyevich of all Russia granted at the intercession of his father Joasaphus, the metropolitan of all Russia, and his boyars, the prince Vladimir Andreyevich and his mother, the princess Yefrosinya, the wife of the prince Andrey Ivanovich, to be released from detention, and the prince Vladimir was ordered to be at his father's court, the prince Andrey Ivanovich, and with his mother". He was reinstated in his father's appanages, Staritsa and Vereya. There he married and lived in peace until 1553, when the tsar fell mortally ill.
During the final crisis of Ivan's illness, most boyars refused to swear fealty to his baby son and decided to put Vladimir on the throne instead. To their dismay, the tsar rapidly recovered, but a great change took place in his behaviour and manners. He summoned Vladimir to Moscow and signed with him a treaty whereby Vladimir was to live in Moscow with a small retinue and avoid contacts with Ivan's boyars. In the event of the tsar's death, Vladimir was to become regent for his minor son.
After Vladimir's mother was forced to take the veil and his boyars exiled, Ivan permitted Vladimir to marry Eudoxia Romanovna Odoevskaya in April 1555. With the start of oprichnina, however, Ivan's suspicions against his cousin were resuscitated. In 1564, the Oprichniki burnt Vladimir's palace in Moscow, and most of his lands were confiscated. In 1569, accused of high treason by Ivan, Vladimir and his children were forced to take poison at Ivan's residence in Alexandrov. His mother and wife, who resided at the Goritsy Convent near Vologda, were forcibly drowned in the Sheksna River several days later.
The extermination of Vladimir's family precipitated the extinction of the Muscovite branch of the Rurik dynasty and the dynastic crisis known as the Time of Troubles. Vladimir's only surviving daughter, Maria, was married in 1573 to Magnus of Livonia (son of Christian III of Denmark). Upon her husband's death, she was summoned from Courland to the court of Boris Godunov and forced to take the veil in a convent adjacent to the Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra. In 1609, Maria entered into correspondence with her false cousin who had proclaimed himself tsar. Her subsequent fate is not documented.
See also
Family tree of Russian monarchs
References
External links
1535 births
1569 deaths
Daniilovichi family
People from the Tsardom of Russia
16th-century Russian people
People of Byzantine descent
Deaths by poisoning |
```java
package com.yahoo.vespa.service.model;
import com.yahoo.jdisc.Metric;
import com.yahoo.jdisc.Timer;
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
public class ServiceMonitorMetricsTest {
@Test
public void testTryWithResources() {
Metric metric = mock(Metric.class);
Timer timer = mock(Timer.class);
ServiceMonitorMetrics metrics = new ServiceMonitorMetrics(metric, timer);
when(timer.currentTimeMillis()).thenReturn(Long.valueOf(500), Long.valueOf(1000));
try (LatencyMeasurement measurement = metrics.startServiceModelSnapshotLatencyMeasurement()) {
measurement.hashCode();
}
verify(metric).set("serviceModel.snapshot.latency", 0.5, null);
}
}
``` |
Halanaerobacter salinarius is a halophilic fermentative bacterium from the genus of Halanaerobacter.
References
Clostridia
Bacteria described in 1999 |
Jean-Baptiste Pater (December 29, 1695 – July 25, 1736) was a French rococo painter.
Born in Valenciennes, Pater was the son of sculptor Antoine Pater and studied under him before becoming a student of painter Jean-Baptiste Guide. Pater then moved to Paris, briefly becoming a pupil of Antoine Watteau in 1713. Watteau, despite treating Pater badly, had a significant influence on him. However the two quarreled and Pater returned to Valenciennes, where he remained for two years. In 1721, Pater and the dying Watteau reconciled; subsequently Pater became a student of Watteau once again, although only for a month before the latter's death. Pater later claimed to have learnt everything he knew during those few weeks with Watteau. He was accepted into the Académie in 1728, presenting a large military work in the popular Watteau style: La Rejouissance des Soldats (Louvre).
Pater adopted the popular Fête galante subject matter, heavily imitating his teacher Watteau—indeed he directly copied some of his figures. Pater used a traditional Rococo pastel palette. His most characteristic difference in style from other artists of the time surrounded his use of shimmering lines. His most prominent customer was Frederick the Great, who sat for two portraits in the "Turquerie" style: Le Sultan au Harem and Le Sultan au Jardin. One of Pater's most renowned works is Landscape with a Cart (Schloss Charlottenburg), which is considered to display a feathery application of paint that anticipates Francesco Guardi. The delicately constructed subject matter and figures subordination to the buildings represent a movement away from fête galante, a development that was cut short by Pater's death in 1736.
References
1695 births
1736 deaths
Artists from Valenciennes
18th-century French painters
French male painters
Rococo painters
18th-century French male artists |
A constitutional referendum was held in Ghana on 31 January 1964. The proposed amendments to the constitution would turn the country into a one-party state and increase the powers of President Kwame Nkrumah and make him president for life. With results showing that an implausible 99.91% of voters supported the amendments, the referendum was accused of being "obviously rigged". Voter turnout was reported to be 96.5%.
Results
Aftermath
Following the successful passage of the constitutional amendments, the country became a one-party state with the Convention People's Party as the sole legal party (though the country had essentially been a one-party state since independence in 1957). Nkrumah became president for life of both nation and party, with greatly expanded powers; he could now remove members of the Supreme Court at his discretion. In effect, the amendments transformed Nkrumah's regime into a legal dictatorship. Elections were scheduled to be held under this system in 1965, but were cancelled shortly beforehand, with Nkrumah appointing MPs instead. However, Nkrumah was overthrown in a coup in February 1966, the CPP was dissolved, and the constitution suspended. Multi-party politics was restored by the time of the next elections in 1969.
References
1964 referendums
1964 in Ghana
1964
Constitutional referendums |
Francis Marlow (8 October 1867 – 7 August 1952) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket principally for Sussex He was born at Tamworth in 1867.
Career
Marlow played 219 first-class matches between 1891-1904. The right-handed batsman made 7890 runs at an average of 22.16. His right-arm medium pace bowling took four wickets averaging at 49.00. He died at Hove in Sussex in 1952.
References
1867 births
1952 deaths
English cricketers
Sportspeople from Tamworth, Staffordshire
Sussex cricketers
North v South cricketers
Players cricketers
Cricketers from Staffordshire |
Lori Ringhand is Interim Director of the Dean Rusk International Law Center & J. Alton Hosch Professor of Law at the University of Georgia School of Law, where she has also served as the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and as a Provost's Women Leadership Fellow. A noted expert in constitutional law, election law, and state and local government law, Ringhand's scholarship includes research on the voting patterns and practices of U.S. Supreme Court Justices. In Spring 2019, she served as a US-UK Fulbright Program Distinguished Chair at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, and delivered a Gresham College Fulbright Lecture at the Museum of London.
She is the co-author of "Supreme Court Confirmation Hearings and Constitutional Change" (Cambridge University Press, with Paul M. Collins) as well as a constitutional law casebook, "Constitutional Law: A Context and Practice Casebook" (Carolina Academic Press, with David S. Schwartz). Her work has been published in academic journals such as the University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law, Constitutional Commentary, the Columbia Journal of Transnational Law and the Oxford Journal of Legal Studies.
Ringhand received her B.A. from the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, her J.D. from the University of Wisconsin Law School, and her B.C.L. from the University of Oxford.
On July 31, 2018, she testified in the U.S. Senate Judiciary committee in support of breaking up the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals.
References
http://www.law.uga.edu/profile/lori-ringhand
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/14/opinion/14mon3.html
http://news.lawreader.com/?p=387
Living people
Alumni of the University of Oxford
University of Wisconsin Law School alumni
University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire alumni
American scholars of constitutional law
Year of birth missing (living people)
American legal scholars |
Ukrspecexport (, an abbreviation of "Ukrainian Special Export") is a Ukrainian state-owned arms trading company and part of the state conglomerate Ukrainian Defense Industry. Ukrspecexport was formed in November 1996 by merging Ukroboronservice and Ukrinmash. It is a subsidiary of Ukroboronprom.
Ukrspecexport SC not only sells the products of the Ukrainian arms industry, but also the excess weapons of the Armed Forces of Ukraine inherited from the Soviet Armed Forces. Since February 2011 the company also produces non-military firearms and ammunition for them.
In documents uncovered during the United States diplomatic cables leak U.S.-diplomats complained the U.S. is fighting a constant battle to stop the flow of arms from Ukraine and Ukrspecexport to terrorists in the Middle East and South Sudan.
On August 10, 2019, the Ukrainian state company Ukrspetsexport and the Turkish Baykar Defense established a joint venture in the field of high-precision weapons and aerospace technology.
In 2023, Ukrspecexport was listed by the Special Advisory Council for Myanmar as being among the companies that had assisted the weapons production of Myanmar's military junta and could be at risk of being complicit in its violation of human rights.
References
External links
Ukrspecexport Official website
Defence companies of Ukraine
Military of Ukraine
Ukrainian brands
Ukroboronprom
Ukrainian companies established in 1996 |
Peebles was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.
After the Acts of Union 1707, Peebles, Lanark, Linlithgow and Selkirk formed the Lanark district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.
List of burgh commissioners
1661–83, 1665 convention, 1667 convention: Alexander Williamson, provost
1669–70: John Plenderleith
1672–74: Alexander Williamson
1681–82: William Williamson, town clerk
1678: Gawin Thompson, provost
1689–1702: John Muir, merchant burgess
1702–07: Archibald Shiells, provost
See also
List of constituencies in the Parliament of Scotland at the time of the Union
References
Constituencies of the Parliament of Scotland (to 1707)
Peebles
Constituencies disestablished in 1707
1707 disestablishments in Scotland |
The 1954 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 68th staging of the All-Ireland hurling championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1887. The championship began on 11 April 1954 and ended on 5 September 1954.
Cork were the defending champions and retained their title following a 1-9 to 1-6 victory over Wexford in the final.
Teams
A total of fourteen teams contested the championship, an increase of one on the previous championship. Antrim, who last participated at this level in 1949, re-entered the championship in spite of facing no competition in the Ulster Senior Hurling Championship.
Team summaries
Provincial championships
Leinster Senior Hurling Championship
First round
Second round
Semi-finals
Final
Munster Senior Hurling Championship
First round
Semi-finals
Final
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
All-Ireland semi-finals
All-Ireland final
Championship statistics
Top scorers
Top scorers overall
Top scorers in a single game
Scoring
Widest winning margin: 44 points
Wexford 12-17 : 2-3 Antrim (All-Ireland semi-final)
Most goals in a match: 14
Wexford 12-17 : 2-3 Antrim (All-Ireland semi-final)
Most points in a match: 20
Wexford 12-17 : 2-3 Antrim (All-Ireland semi-final)
Most goals by one team in a match: 12
Wexford 12-17 : 2-3 Antrim (All-Ireland semi-final)
Most goals scored by a losing team: 4
Waterford 4-5 : 7-8 Cork (Munster semi-final)
Most points scored by a losing team: 9
Laois 1-9 : 1-10 Meath (Leinster first round)
Miscellaneous
Meath qualified for the Leinster semi-finals for the first time in the history of the championship.
Antrim took part in the All-Ireland semi-finals for the first time since 1949. It was their last game at this stage of the championship until re-entering the championship in 1984.
Wexford's Nicky Rackard scores 7-7 in their All-Ireland semi-final meeting with Antrim. It is believed to be a record score for an All-Ireland semi-final.
Cork's Christy Ring wins a record-breaking eighth All-Ireland medal as Cork claim a third successive championship for the third time in their history.
Player facts
Debutantes
The following players made their début in the 1954 championship:
Retirees
The following players played their last game in the 1954 championship:
Sources
Corry, Eoghan, The GAA Book of Lists (Hodder Headline Ireland, 2005).
Donegan, Des, The Complete Handbook of Gaelic Games (DBA Publications Limited, 2005).
Horgan, Tim, Christy Ring: Hurling's Greatest (The Collins Press, 2007).
Nolan, Pat, Flashbacks: A Half Century of Cork Hurling (The Collins Press, 2000).
Sweeney, Éamonn, Munster HUrling Legends (The O'Brien Press, 2002).
References
1954 |
A parts locator or inventory locator is a computer program that enables users to locate spare parts or other inventory items in a number of different storage locations, usually of different owners.
A parts locator can be used to improve spare parts management by increasing parts availability and decreasing obsolescence.
Parts locators can be included in other (packaged) software such as Dealership Management Systems (DMS) or inventory control systems; or can be offered as a separate program. Due to the purpose of the software, it becomes more valuable when it has more users, as the number of inventories that are made available increases with the number of users.
Examples of specialised suppliers of parts locators are OEConnection, PareX Parts Exchange (PareX) and Inventory Locator Service, LLC (ILS).
References
Supply chain management |
Peter Percival (24 July 1803 – 11 July 1882) was a British born missionary and educator who opened religious schools in Sri Lanka and South India during the British colonial era.) During his stay in Jaffna, he led the effort to translate the Authorized King James Version of Bible into the Tamil language, working with the Tamil scholar Arumuka Navalar – a Shaiva Hindu. Percival's work influenced Robert Bruce Foote. Percival began his career in British held Sri Lanka and Bengal as a Wesleyan Methodist missionary. He was instrumental in starting and upgrading a number of Christian schools within the Jaffna peninsula. After returning to England, he converted to Anglicanism. Subsequent to his posting in South India, he severed his association with the Anglican Missionary Society that had sent him to India and worked as an educator in Presidency College in Madras Presidency. He published English-Tamil and English-Telugu dictionaries as well as a number of books on Indian culture and religion. He died in 1882 in Yercaud in present-day Tamil Nadu.
Career
Sri Lanka
Peter Percival, aged 23, was sent to Jaffna peninsula in Sri Lanka in 1826 by the Wesleyan Methodist Mission, with concerns whether his appointment is risky in "an atmosphere of immoral heathenism". At his arrival the missionary society and its efforts had not produced results expected by their original expectations and goals. A number of previous missionaries had returned to Europe after short stints due to illness. Percival spent most of his early adult life in Jaffna peninsula until 1851, with a short stint in Bengal (1829–32).
Percival's views and style brought him conflict with fellow missionaries such as Joseph Roberts. After Roberts left, Percival led the missionary efforts in Jaffna district. Percival, states Findlay's records of the mission, then had conflicts with Ralph Stott. Percival favored Christian schools rather than the direct evangelization approach of Stott. Between 1834 and 1836, his efforts led to the opening of religious schools – including those for girls – and the building of St. Paul's chapel in Jaffna. Some of these schools were later upgraded to colleges. As a Protestant missionary, Percival favored the teaching of Christian texts in the local vernacular (Tamil) rather than English or Portuguese.
During his tenure as the principal of Jaffna Central College, he hired his former student Arumuka Navalar as a teacher. They worked together between 1841 and 1848, and collaborated with him to translate the Bible into Tamil. Percival's preference of education over evangelism created friction with other Wesleyan missionaries but it also influenced the educational practices of all those who were trying to improve the literary levels of 19th-century Sri Lankan Tamil society.
England
In 1851, he returned to England with the intention of coming back to Sri Lanka but due to differences with the Methodist hierarchy in London, he renounced Methodism. In 1852, he was ordained deacon by the Anglican Bishop of London. During the next two years, he worked as a lecturer at St Augustine's College, Canterbury, teaching a course about India and its religions.
India
In 1854, he went to Madras in South India with the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, an Anglican missionary society. He became an Anglican priest ordained by Bishop of Madras in 1855. In 1856 after becoming the Registrar of Madras University and Professor of Sanskrit and Vernacular Literature in Presidency College, he severed his relationship with the missionary society.
Later life
In India he was known a scholar in Tamil and Telugu. After having published the Tamil translation of the Bible, he wrote the book Land of the Veda: India Briefly Described in some of its Aspects, Physical, Social, Intellectual and Moral. His other publications include, a book on Tamil proverbs in English, English-Tamil and English-Telugu dictionaries, and a bilingual Tamil and Telugu journal Dinavartamani. He also translated into English, Tamil proverbs and the literary work of Avvaiyar, a Tamil poet.
His daughter married pioneering geologist and archaeologist Robert Bruce Foote. Peter Percival and Robert Bruce Foote were lifelong friends and shared their interest in Indian culture, history and linguistics. He retired to the hill station town of Yercaud and died in 1882. Graves of both Peter Percival and Robert Bruce Foote were found in the cemetery of the Holy Trinity Church at Yercaud in 2009.
Notes
Cited literature
External links
The land of the Veda (1854)
1803 births
1882 deaths
19th-century English educators
English translators
Heads of schools in Sri Lanka
Faculty of Hartley College
Faculty of Jaffna Central College
Tamil scholars of non-Tamil background
Translators of the Bible into Tamil
Wesleyan Methodist Mission, North Ceylon
Methodist missionaries in Sri Lanka
19th-century British translators
English male non-fiction writers
19th-century British male writers
19th-century British writers
English Methodist missionaries
Missionary educators
Methodist missionaries in India
Academic staff of Presidency College, Chennai
Missionary linguists |
Mamadou Aliou "N'Jo Lea" Keïta (1 January 195211 April 2004) was a Guinean footballer who played as a forward for Hafia and the Guinea national team.
International career
Keïta scored 22 goals in 31 games for the Guinea national team, and as of 26 March 2021 is the 4th highest scorer in the history of the team. He was the top scorer at the 1976 African Cup of Nations.
Death
Keïta died on 11 November 2004 in Conakry of cardiac arrest.
References
External links
RSSSF Profile
1952 births
2004 deaths
Footballers from Conakry
Guinean men's footballers
Guinea men's international footballers
1976 African Cup of Nations players
Men's association football forwards
Hafia FC players
Guinée Championnat National players |
Knodara (, ) is a village in the Famagusta District of Cyprus, located 8 km west of Lefkoniko on the main Nicosia-Trikomo highway. It is under the de facto control of Northern Cyprus.
Regularly, a culture and art fest is organized in Knodora. Knodora is also one of the leg of Northern Cyprus Rally Championship
References
Communities in Famagusta District
Populated places in Gazimağusa District |
Seán Henry (born 16 December 1987) is a former Irish rugby union player. He played as a hooker. Whilst at Munster, Henry played his club rugby with UL Bohemians.
Connacht
Being from Sligo, Henry's native province was Connacht, and he represented the team at Under-18, Under-19 and Under-20 level, before switching to Munster.
Munster
Henry made his debut against Glasgow in September 2010.
Henry started at Hooker for Munster A in the 2009–10 British and Irish Cup Final, which Cornish Pirates won 23–14, but was on the winning side when Munster A beat Cross Keys 31–12 to win the 2011–12 British and Irish Cup. After one year in the Munster Academy, he secured a development contract for the 2011/12 season.
Return to Connacht
It was announced on 22 January 2013 that Henry would return to his native province, Connacht, at the end of the 2012–13 season.
Henry made his first Pro 12 appearance for Connacht on 7 September 2013, coming on as a second-half substitute for Jason Harris-Wright, in the first match of the 2013–14 season at home to Zebre. He made his Heineken Cup debut on 11 October 2013, starting against Saracens in the first pool match of the 2013–14 season. Henry had to retire at the end of the 2015 season due to injury.
References
External links
Munster Profile
Living people
1987 births
Connacht Rugby players
Irish rugby union players
Munster Rugby players
Rugby union hookers
Rugby union players from County Sligo |
The Voice UK is a British singing competition television series. Created by John de Mol, it premiered on BBC One during the spring television cycle on 24 March 2012. Based on the original The Voice of Holland, and part of The Voice franchise, it has aired eleven series and aims to find currently unsigned singing talent (solo, duets, trios or professional and amateur) contested by aspiring singers, drawn from public auditions. Presented by Emma Willis since 2014, it was previously presented by Holly Willoughby and Reggie Yates from 2012 to 2013 and Marvin Humes from 2014 to 2016. The winners receive a recording contract with Universal Music Group. Winners of the eleven series have been: Leanne Mitchell, Andrea Begley, Jermain Jackman, Stevie McCrorie, Kevin Simm, Mo Adeniran, Ruti Olajugbagbe, Molly Hocking, Blessing Chitapa, Craig Eddie and Anthonia Edwards.
The series employs a panel of four coaches who critique the artists' performances and guide their teams of selected artists through the remainder of the series. They also compete to ensure that their act wins the competition, thus making them the winning coach. The original panel featured will.i.am, Jessie J, Sir Tom Jones and Danny O'Donoghue; the panel for the most recent twelfth series featured will.i.am, Jones, Olly Murs and Anne-Marie. Other judges from previous series include Kylie Minogue, Ricky Wilson, Rita Ora, Paloma Faith, Boy George, Jennifer Hudson, Gavin Rossdale and Meghan Trainor.
In November 2015, the BBC announced that the fifth series of The Voice UK would be their last. That same month, ITV announced they had acquired the rights to air The Voice UK for three additional series, as well as plans for a Kids edition, which began airing in 2017. The show will return in 2023 with all four coaches from the previous series returning. In May 2023 the voice was renewed for a thirteenth season which will take place in 2024.
History
The Voice first came to the public eye when the BBC revealed that it was exploring the possibility of acquiring the rights. However, ITV was also interested as it was concerned that The X Factor could lose ratings after Simon Cowell, Cheryl and Dannii Minogue left the panel. ITV were said to be afraid that the show with would "upstage" theirs.
On 18 June 2011, it was reported that the BBC had won the rights to The Voice UK. In mid-2011 it was revealed that BBC would be broadcasting The Voice after paying £22 million. Danny Cohen, the controller of BBC One, said he wants the programme to emulate the success of The Apprentice and defended his decision to invest in it. Cohen said, "I thought it was really good. Every so often the BBC occasionally buys something from abroad that is peerlessly good, like The Apprentice. We adapted that for Britain with Alan Sugar and made the British version the best in the world. We hope The Voice will do similarly. We shouldn't shut the door on anything."
It was later revealed that The Voice would not be going head-to-head with The X Factor as Strictly Come Dancing is broadcast at the end of the year. Channel 4 had entered the bidding war with the BBC and ITV, but later pulled out after the channel's director called the show "derivative" and "a rip-off". It was said that the BBC was keen to sign up a new singing-talent show after it dropped Fame Academy in 2004 and had not revisited the genre. It was also eager to schedule a replacement for So You Think You Can Dance, which was dropped in 2011. Presenter Holly Willoughby also stated that The Voice UK is a "feel good show" saying, "The difference [with The Voice] is it's a blind audition, the coaches can't see the contestants when they come on stage so they judge them purely on their voice and their voice alone. It's really feel-good and the coaches are incredible."
Devised by John de Mol, the creator of Big Brother, The Voice is based on the Dutch TV programme The Voice of Holland and is part of The Voice franchise, being based on the similar American format.
According to Anita Singh from The Daily Telegraph, the BBC have spent £22 million on buying the rights to the show, which will last two years. Of the amount of money spent on it, a BBC spokesperson said, "There is an awful lot of pressure, given the money spent on the format, for the ratings to be good. But at the moment all signs are that it will be cash well spent." Singh stated however, that this contradicted a "pledge" made by Mark Thompson, the director-general. He said, "The BBC needs to make a further significant shift towards distinctiveness, spending more of the licence fee on output which, without the BBC, wouldn't get made at all." The ITV reportedly "offered more for the format but were turned down". After comparisons to the X Factor were made, Cohen defended the decision to gain the rights to the show saying, "We feel that there's enough difference in this format that it will stand out. The fact that ITV tried very hard to get it—even though they've got The X Factor—suggests that they feel this show is different enough [from that one]."
In October 2011, it was announced that Moira Ross executive producer of Strictly Come Dancing quit the show to join production company Wall to Wall, so that she could take the position of executive producer of The Voice UK.
The BBC were planning to make each performance on the show available for download each week, with the proceeds going to charity or the downloads being free, before it is then released commercially. The winner will receive £100,000, as well as a record deal with Universal Republic.
On 24 May 2013, it was reported that BBC One was close to recommissioning the show for a third series in 2014. The next day, it was confirmed that it will return for a third series. In July 2013, Jessie J and Danny O'Donoghue confirmed they would not be able to return as coaches for series 3 due to their music careers and touring. In September, Holly Willoughby and Reggie Yates announced they would not be returning as co-presenters for series 3. It was confirmed the same month that Kylie Minogue and Ricky Wilson would replace Jessie J and O'Donoghue. It was announced that Emma Willis and Marvin Humes would replace Willoughby and Yates as co-presenters for the third series. On 29 March 2014, the BBC confirmed the series would be returning for another two series. In April, Minogue confirmed that she would not return for the fourth series, due to clashes with her Kiss Me Once Tour. On 22 September, it was confirmed that Rita Ora would replace Minogue.
In June 2015, it was announced Ora would be joining the twelfth series of The X Factor. In August 2015, it was announced that Paloma Faith would replace Ora, with Boy George replacing original coach Jones, who was let go and would not be involved in the fifth series' production.
On 7 November 2015, it was announced that the fifth series of The Voice UK would be the last to air on BBC. On 23 November 2015, ITV announced they had acquired the rights to air The Voice UK for three additional series, set to begin airing in 2017. They also announced their plans to produce two additional series, The Voice Kids and an untitled ITV2 spin-off, both also set to air in 2017. The last episode aired on the BBC on 9 April 2016. The ITV2 spin-off show was axed on 8 August 2016, but it could return in the future.
On 10 December 2020, ITV announced the tenth series of The Voice UK would premiere on 2 January 2021.
In November 2021, only the new series of The Voice Kids was included by ITV as part of its Highlights brochure (for Christmas 2021), with the 2022 series of The Voice UK losing its Saturday night slot in January, to the Olly Murs hosted Starstruck format with Sheridan Smith, Adam Lambert, Jason Manford and Beverley Knight.
Scheduling
After speculation in February, the show's air date was confirmed on 10 March 2012. Of this announcement, the show's Twitter account said, "Two weeks from now, something new will be on your television, something so great you'll want to run up and kiss the screen. Just FYI." Britain's Got Talent judge Alesha Dixon confirmed the launch date for the Britain's Got Talent, with it being the same day as The Voice UKs. Britain's Got Talent was brought forward by ITV, so it could clash with the show. For the past four years however, Britain's Got Talent had launched in mid-April. The BBC and ITV were reportedly in a "scheduling war". BBC moved the show from its supposed 7:15 slot to 7:00, to avoid "significant overlap". ITV then responded by moving Britain's Got Talent from its original slot at 7:45 to 7:30. A BBC source said, "It is disappointing they chose to launch Britain's Got Talent on the same day as us. To not even meet us halfway on avoiding any sort of overlap is incredibly competitive."
As The Voice progressed, it became clear that audiences were staying loyal during the period when it clashed with Britain's Got Talent. After the third Blind Auditions round, when the BBC programme enjoyed a viewership margin of some four million, Simon Cowell and ITV executives moved their show to a later start time.
In an exclusive interview with Digital Spy, Cowell stated that the show is "competition" for Britain's Got Talent. He said, "I recognise [The Voice] as a challenge. The BBC must be confident because they have put it up against this show. They want to make a competition out of it. So we've got to make [Britain's Got Talent] better. Everyone benefits because of that." However, presenter Reggie Yates denied this: "I don't know if this is about toppling anyone. This is a very different animal altogether. I think when you see what this show is all about, you'll see exactly where we are coming from."
In 2013, the shows clashed again, this time with BGT starting in its usual mid-April Slot. Both shows went directly head to head with The Voice from 6.45-8.15 and BGT from 7-8.35. With BGT winning the war, The Voice moved to a later slot and for the rest of the run, only clashed with BGT for 10-15 minutes each week.
In 2016, the shows clashed again. The Voices BBC finale was moved back a week due to a Six Nations game which meant it clashed with the BGT launch. The Voice aired from 7-9 with BGT from 7-8.25. Whilst original schedules had The Voice from 6-8 and BGT from 8-9.20, the shows both changed to a 7.00 start time.
Promotion
The first promotional item the BBC released was a video on the official website. It read, "Four of the biggest names in music are looking for incredible singing talent to compete for the title of The Voice UK. Only the most unique and distinctive voices will make it to the filmed auditions and get to sing for our celebrity coaches". To promote the show, all four coaches went to Central London launch event, which took place at Soho Hotel on 24 February 2012. Daily Mirror Jo Usmar commented on the promotion of the show, stating that the trailer will "get you juices flowing". A further trailer was released on 9 March, featuring footage from the show, "including interviews with the panel, a first look at some contestants and bickering between the coaches".
Social media
According to Digital Spy, the BBC was trying to "boost audience participation with a wealth of social media and online activity, as viewers often watch programmes while also commenting and engaging via Twitter and Facebook on a smartphone, laptop or tablet". Telegraph Hill, having previously worked on BBC Three dramas Being Human and The Fades, put in place a full-time team of "social media creatives" who will generate online videos around the show, and on the show's Facebook and Twitter pages.
Auditions and filming
The producer auditions of series one began on 31 October 2011. Five events took place in London, two events in Birmingham, Glasgow, Manchester and Cardiff, and one event in Belfast. Solo artists and duos can participate, however, they must be aged sixteen or over. The coaches did not attend the producer's auditions. The blind auditions for the first series were held at BBC Television Centre and has since been held at dock10 studios in Salford Quays. O'Donoghue told Digital Spy of the talent at the auditions, "The talent on show after the first auditions on the first day beat out any talent in any finals I've ever seen on television. The hair on the back of my neck and arms was standing up. 16 and 17-year-olds were up there killing it".
Format
The Voice is a reality television series that features four coaches looking for a talented new artist, who could become a global superstar. The show's concept is indicated by its title: the coaches do not judge the artists by their looks, personalities, stage presence or dance routines—only their vocal ability. It is this aspect that differentiates The Voice from other reality television series such as The X Factor, Britain's Got Talent or even Pop Idol. The competitors are split into four teams, which are mentored by the coaches who in turn choose songs for their artists to perform. There is no specific age range and anyone can audition; if a coach likes what they hear, a button-press allows their chair to spin around and face the performer, signifying that they would like to mentor them. If more than one does so, then the artist selects a coach. However, if no coach turns around then the artist is sent home. The Voice has been referred to as a "big, exciting and warm-hearted series"and a "new generation in its genre". The discomfort caused by the poor design of the chair, which weighs 19-stone, has drawn criticism from will.i.am, who claims that it makes him hunch his shoulders.
There are five different stages: producers' auditions, Blind auditions, Battle phase, Knockout stage and live shows.
Producers' auditions and blind auditions
The Voice UKs first stage is the producers' auditions, which are not shown on television. The first shown stage is the blind auditions, where they sing in front of the coaches. The coaches have their backs to the singer, and if they like what they hear, they can press their button to turn around and recruit them to their team. If more than one coach turns, the power shifts to the singer, who then decides which team they would like to be part of. Each coach must recruit a number of singers (10 in series 1, 12 since series 2 onwards) to their team in the blind auditions to progress on to the battle phase.
Since 2017, artists that are not selected by any of the coaches leave the stage after their song and do not talk with the coaches. Equally, the chairs do not turn and hence the coaches do not see any of the artists that are not picked. Starting also in season 10, "Block" buttons were added, which prevents one coach to recruit artist on its team. Each coach is given only one block in the entire auditions.
Battle phase
The second stage, 'Battle phase', is where two artists are mentored and then developed by their respective coach. The coaches of the team will "dedicate themselves to developing their artists, giving them advice, and sharing the secrets of their success in the music industry". Members of teams perform duets and the coach chooses who advances to the next stage.
In Series 2 (2013), the BBC introduced a new 'steal' twist to the Battle phase. The 'steal' gives a chance to the losers of the head-to-head battles to give one last pitch to the coaches, excluding their own coach, on why they should remain in the process. The coaches then have an amount of time to push their button on their spinning chairs if they want the contestant on their team. As with the blind auditions, if more than one coach presses their button, the contestant chooses which coach to join. In Series 4 (2015), a second steal was added, thus increasing the progressing team to eight members. In Series 6 (2017), each coach only had one steal each. For series 11 (2022), the battle round has been axed.
Knockout stage
The third stage of the competition is the 'Knockout stage'. It was first introduced in the second series (2013). The four coaches will enter this stage with seven team members each; six winners of the battle phase, and one stolen member. Artists perform a 'killer song' of their choosing and the coaches each pick three members of their team to go through to the live shows, creating a final 12 for the public vote. For series 7 in 2018, this was changed. Only 6 members in each team participated in the knockouts, and only two from each team advanced. Also, series 8 had a new twist, one eliminated contestant could be bought back to compete in the live shows, through the 'lifeline vote'. This meant that 9 acts would take part in the live shows. From series 10 (2021), the knockout round has been axed.
Callbacks
The second stage of the competition is the 'Callbacks'. It was first introduced in the eleventh series (2022). The four coaches are all assisted by guest mentors to help make their decisions. They all have their ten acts from the 'Blind Auditions'. From here, the artists are put into a group of three or four where they will all take individual turns to perform the same song - given to them by their coach. Their coach then picks one artist per group to advance to the semi-final, leaving each coach with 3 semi-finalists. In total, 12 artists advance to the semi-final, eliminating 28 acts during the process.
Live shows
In the 'Live shows' artists perform in front of the coaches and audience, broadcast live, with the current exceptions being the 2020 and 2022–2023 series, which were pre-recorded.
In the first series (2012), each coach had five artists in their team to begin with and the artists went head-to-head to win public votes. The votes determined which artists advanced to the final eight.
The final eight artists competed in a live broadcast. However, the coaches had a 50/50 say with the audience and the public in deciding which artists moved on to the 'final four' phase. In the first three series, each coach had one member who continued. However, from the fourth series in 2015, the semi-final format changes; only public votes decide which artists move on to the final, regardless of their team. Therefore, a coach may have two of his/her artists in the final. The final (the winner round) was decided upon by the public vote. Throughout the final the coaches frequently performed with their artists. The winner was crowned The Voice.
From the second series (2013), after the introduction of the 'steal' in the battle phase and the new 'knockout stage', each coach will have three artists on their team a total of 12 artists in the live shows to fight for the public vote and to be crowned 'The Voice', subsequently receiving a record deal with Universal Music.
From the tenth series (2021) This has changed 3 contestants from each team perform fortnightly and only 2 of them from each team will be facing the public vote and one of their coaches will reveal the contestant with the most public votes to go to the live final.
From series 11 (2022) each coach has 3 acts in the semi-final. Each coach must select one from their team to advance to the final, eliminating the other 2.
In the final, the studio audience votes for the winner, which will receive the record deal with Universal Music.
Series overview
To date, eleven series have been broadcast, as shown below. Warning:''' the following table presents a significant amount of different colours.
Spin-offs
Louder on Two
Starting on 24 March 2014, a new spin-off series aired on BBC Two during the live shows every weekday night. The series is hosted by Strictly Come Dancing: It Takes Two presenter Zoe Ball, and features interviews with the coaches and contestants as well as providing live acoustic performances by the artists. The show did not return in 2015, for the fourth series of the main show.
The V Room
An online spin-off show titled The V Room was announced in October 2016, with Cel Spellman presenting. The show is available on-demand via the BBC iPlayer and features exclusive content across social media sites and the show's mobile app. The show started after the live shows in March 2017. Spellman did not return for series 7 in 2018, and was replaced by previous runner–up Jamie Miller, The show is available on-demand via the ITVX and features exclusive content across social media sites and the show's mobile app. The show started after the live shows in March 2018. On 12 March 2018, Vick Hope took over for Jamie Miller as the show's new digital reporter.
Presenters and coaches
PresentersThe Voice UK was presented by Holly Willoughby and Reggie Yates during the first two series. In 2014, both stepped down from their roles and were replaced by Big Brother UK presenter Emma Willis and JLS band member Marvin Humes. Willoughby (series 1 and 2) and Willis (series 3 onwards) are the main presenters for the live shows, whilst Yates (series 1 and 2) and Humes (series 3 to 6) interview the contestants after their performances and are also social media correspondents. In June 2016, ITV confirmed that Willis would return to host the series, but would not be joined by Humes.
Timeline of presenters
Key
Main presenter
Backstage presenter
Contestant
Coaches
The coaching line-up was announced on 8 December 2011. Presenter Holly Willoughby described them as "badass" and "incredible". All four coaches confirmed they would return as coaches for a second series.
Kylie Minogue and Ricky Wilson joined will.i.am and Jones as coaches for the third series following the departures of Jessie J and O'Donoghue. Later on, Rita Ora replaced Minogue for the fourth series. After only one series, Ora left the show, due to touring commitments and joined rival show, The X Factor UK. On 14 August, it was announced that Paloma Faith and Boy George would join Wilson and Will.i.am for the fifth series, meaning that Jones would not return. Jones' axe had a widespread negative response from viewers and by himself, with Jones claiming that he had no idea he had been axed.
On 13 November 2015, Wilson announced that the fifth series would be his last as a coach. However, on 24 March 2016, it was announced that he could make a return to the show. The following month, Faith stated that she had left the show due to her pregnancy, after just one series on the show. In July 2016, it was confirmed that Boy George had decided not to return for the sixth series on ITV. will.i.am later revealed that he would return as a coach for the 2017 series, but Wilson later announced that he would not. In September 2016, the coaches for the 2017 series was confirmed as will.i.am, Jennifer Hudson, Sir Tom Jones and Gavin Rossdale.
On 6 March 2017, ITV confirmed that will.i.am. would return to the series in 2018. The network also expressed that "all parties" were interested in Jones' return, as well. In October 2017, it was announced that Jones and Hudson would return, alongside singer Olly Murs joining the coaching panel, replacing Rossdale. On 21 September 2018, the Daily Express announced that will.i.am, Jones, Hudson and Murs would all return to the show as coaches for the eighth series. In September 2019, it was announced that Meghan Trainor would replace a departing Hudson, who cited work commitments in the United States as the reason for her departure; Jones, Murs and will.i.am were announced to be returning alongside Trainor.
On 8 October 2020, Trainor announced that she would not be returning for the tenth series, after announcing her pregnancy. British singer Anne-Marie would replace Trainor in 2021. All four coaches returned for the eleventh and twelfth series. On 22 September 2023, Olly Murs announced that he would not returning for the thirteenth series after he was released. On 29 October 2023, it was also revealed that Anne-Marie might be axed as they wanted to refresh the panel.
Coaches
Coaches' teams and their artists
In each series, each coach chooses a number of acts to progress to the live shows. This table shows, for each series, which artists he or she put through to the live shows. In each series, artists advance to the final week of the live shows, either by team-based (in the first three series) or entirely by public voting (since series four).
Key
- Winner
- Runner-up
- Third Place
- Fourth Place
Reception
The first series became BBC One's biggest new entertainment series on record with a consolidated series average of 9.2million/38.5% share. Across all episodes, including results shows, The Voice UK averaged 8.54m/36.3%. The second series suffered a lot from clashes with Britains Got Talent and premiered 7.47 million viewers in the official ratings. It went on to have the most successful final, however, with 8 million tuning in. This series averaged 7.45m/26.8%.
From series 3 onwards, the show was moved to a January start to avoid clashes with Britain's Got Talent. This paid off as the 3rd series averaged a much higher viewership of 8.1m/31.6% and series 4 went on to average 8.55m/34.8% making it the most watched series to date. Series 5, the final series to air on the BBC, took a large fall in the ratings. It premiered with an official 7.87m, the second lowest to date. The reason behind this is thought to be the dramatic change in coaches after the fierce backlash from Tom Jones' axing. The new coaches were met with mixed reactions, although Boy George grew much more popular amongst viewers.
Critical reception
In 2012, BBC Radio 2's Paul Gambaccini told Radio Times that The Voice is "karaoke" and claimed that while the American series was "fantastic to rejuvenate the careers of two of the coaches, Christina Aguilera and Maroon 5's Adam Levine, it didn't give us a viable artist". Mark Goodier also questioned the motives of Universal Music saying, "Universal have to be doing this because they want market share." On whether The Voice is to become a "huge hit" in the UK, he added, "It really depends on whether they find a star or not."
International broadcast
On 23 December 2016, Irish commercial broadcaster TV3 announced that The Voice UK would be shown on the channel, after RTÉ One cancelled The Voice of Ireland in favour of Dancing with the Stars''.
Contestant discography
Awards and nominations
References
External links
2012 British television series debuts
2010s British reality television series
2020s British reality television series
BBC reality television shows
British television series based on Dutch television series
English-language television shows
ITV reality television shows
Television series by ITV Studios
Television series by Warner Bros. Television Studios
Television shows shot at Elstree Film Studios |
Oksner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bob Oksner (1916–2007), American comics artist
Robert M. Oksner (1926–2017), American advertising executive |
Torkom is an Armenian given name.
Togarmah is ancestor of the peoples of the South Caucasus and father of Hayk, the legendary patriarch and founder of the Armenian nation
Torkom may refer to:
Torkom Koushagian of Jerusalem, Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem from 1929 to 1939.
Torkom Manoogian (1919-2012), Armenian primate in the United States, and later Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem from 1990 to 2012
Torkom Saraydarian (1917–1997) Spiritual writer, teacher and lecturer versed in the Teachings of the Ancient Wisdom |
```ruby
class MigrationHelper
class << self
def migrate(path)
ActiveRecord::MigrationContext.new(path, schema_migration).migrate
end
def rollback(path)
ActiveRecord::MigrationContext.new(path, schema_migration).rollback
end
private
def schema_migration
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.schema_migration
end
end
end
``` |
Hazelwood Integrated College is an integrated secondary school in Newtownabbey, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The school's students are aged from 11 to 18 years. , the school's principal was Ms Máire Thompson.
Context
Integrated Education is a Northern Ireland phenomenon, where traditionally schools were sectarian, either run as Catholic schools or Protestant schools. On as parental request, a school could apply to 'transition' to become Grant Maintained offering 30% of the school places to students from the minority community. Lagan College was the first integrated school to open in 1981.
History
Hazelwood Integrated College was founded in 1985. The initial intake of students was 17. The college acquired the former premises of Graymount Girls' School in June 1986 and increased its intake of students to 70. On August 31, 1988 the college was granted "maintained" status. Following a visit by the Minister of State for Education, Michael Ancram in May 1994, the college was awarded a grant of £9.9 million in order to build new school premises. The work was completed in 1999, at which time the college moved into its current state-of-the-art buildings.
In 2007, Hazelwood College became the first school in Northern Ireland to be awarded specialist status in digital arts. The school's motto is ; translated into English as Deeds not words.
In 2016 the school gained positive publicity in the press regarding its policy of inclusiveness and awareness of LGBT issues. In the same year the College achieved its best ever set of GCSE results with 87% of students achieving Grade A*-C.
In August 2017 it was announced that TV and film producer Emma-Rosa Dias and screenwriter David McCrea, both alumni of Hazelwood, had returned to the college to shoot scenes for a short film being made for RTÉ.
Twice the college has been nominated in the TES schools awards.
The school was awarded “Secondary School of the Year” in June 2022 by TES.
Campus
Hazelwood Integrated College consists of four main buildings. The Millennium Building, The Assembly Building, Graymount House and Cedar Lodge. Graymount House is notable for its long history. It is a regency house with neo-classical detailing designed by Thomas Jackson in 1835 and opened by linen merchant William Gray in 1919. The House was bought by the Belfast Corporation for the municipal hospital for Tuberculosis children. It then served as the headquarters for the auxiliary fire service during WW2. It reopened in 1945 as Graymount Girls' School. Today it serves as the college's administrative center.
Academics
In 2021, 83 per cent of students achieved three A* to C grades in the GCSE A-level examinations. In the same year, 96 per cent of students obtained five or more GCSE grades A*-C.
Notable alumni
Oliver Jeffers (b. 1977), artist, illustrator and writer
Emma-Rosa Dias, TV and film producer
See also
List of integrated schools in Northern Ireland
List of secondary schools in Northern Ireland
Education in Northern Ireland
References
External links
Official Hazelwood Integrated College website
Secondary schools in County Antrim
Integrated schools in County Antrim
Specialist colleges in Northern Ireland |
Odontocera albitarsis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae.
References
Odontocera
Beetles described in 1922 |
```python
# This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
# LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
# of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
'''Filter for error messages in test output:
- Receives merged stdout/stderr from test on stdin
- Finds patterns of known error messages for test name (first argument)
- Prints those error messages to stdout
'''
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import re
import sys
class ErrorParserBase(object):
def parse_error(self, line):
'''Parses a line of test output. If it contains an error, returns a
formatted message describing the error; otherwise, returns None.
Subclasses must override this method.
'''
raise NotImplementedError
class GTestErrorParser(ErrorParserBase):
'''A parser that remembers the last test that began running so it can print
that test's name upon detecting failure.
'''
_GTEST_NAME_PATTERN = re.compile(r'\[ RUN \] (\S+)$')
# format: '<filename or "unknown file">:<line #>: Failure'
_GTEST_FAIL_PATTERN = re.compile(r'(unknown file|\S+:\d+): Failure$')
def __init__(self):
self._last_gtest_name = 'Unknown test'
def parse_error(self, line):
gtest_name_match = self._GTEST_NAME_PATTERN.match(line)
if gtest_name_match:
self._last_gtest_name = gtest_name_match.group(1)
return None
gtest_fail_match = self._GTEST_FAIL_PATTERN.match(line)
if gtest_fail_match:
return '%s failed: %s' % (
self._last_gtest_name, gtest_fail_match.group(1))
return None
class MatchErrorParser(ErrorParserBase):
'''A simple parser that returns the whole line if it matches the pattern.
'''
def __init__(self, pattern):
self._pattern = re.compile(pattern)
def parse_error(self, line):
if self._pattern.match(line):
return line
return None
class CompilerErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
def __init__(self):
# format: '<filename>:<line #>:<column #>: error: <error msg>'
super(CompilerErrorParser, self).__init__(r'\S+:\d+:\d+: error:')
class ScanBuildErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
def __init__(self):
super(ScanBuildErrorParser, self).__init__(
r'scan-build: \d+ bugs found.$')
class DbCrashErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
def __init__(self):
super(DbCrashErrorParser, self).__init__(r'\*\*\*.*\^$|TEST FAILED.')
class WriteStressErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
def __init__(self):
super(WriteStressErrorParser, self).__init__(
r'ERROR: write_stress died with exitcode=\d+')
class AsanErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
def __init__(self):
super(AsanErrorParser, self).__init__(
r'==\d+==ERROR: AddressSanitizer:')
class UbsanErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
def __init__(self):
# format: '<filename>:<line #>:<column #>: runtime error: <error msg>'
super(UbsanErrorParser, self).__init__(r'\S+:\d+:\d+: runtime error:')
class ValgrindErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
def __init__(self):
# just grab the summary, valgrind doesn't clearly distinguish errors
# from other log messages.
super(ValgrindErrorParser, self).__init__(r'==\d+== ERROR SUMMARY:')
class CompatErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
def __init__(self):
super(CompatErrorParser, self).__init__(r'==== .*[Ee]rror.* ====$')
class TsanErrorParser(MatchErrorParser):
def __init__(self):
super(TsanErrorParser, self).__init__(r'WARNING: ThreadSanitizer:')
_TEST_NAME_TO_PARSERS = {
'punit': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'unit': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'release': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'unit_481': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'release_481': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'clang_unit': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'clang_release': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'clang_analyze': [CompilerErrorParser, ScanBuildErrorParser],
'code_cov': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'unity': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'lite': [CompilerErrorParser],
'lite_test': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'stress_crash': [CompilerErrorParser, DbCrashErrorParser],
'write_stress': [CompilerErrorParser, WriteStressErrorParser],
'asan': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser, AsanErrorParser],
'asan_crash': [CompilerErrorParser, AsanErrorParser, DbCrashErrorParser],
'ubsan': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser, UbsanErrorParser],
'ubsan_crash': [CompilerErrorParser, UbsanErrorParser, DbCrashErrorParser],
'valgrind': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser, ValgrindErrorParser],
'tsan': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser, TsanErrorParser],
'format_compatible': [CompilerErrorParser, CompatErrorParser],
'run_format_compatible': [CompilerErrorParser, CompatErrorParser],
'no_compression': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'run_no_compression': [CompilerErrorParser, GTestErrorParser],
'regression': [CompilerErrorParser],
'run_regression': [CompilerErrorParser],
}
def main():
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
return 'Usage: %s <test name>' % sys.argv[0]
test_name = sys.argv[1]
if test_name not in _TEST_NAME_TO_PARSERS:
return 'Unknown test name: %s' % test_name
error_parsers = []
for parser_cls in _TEST_NAME_TO_PARSERS[test_name]:
error_parsers.append(parser_cls())
for line in sys.stdin:
line = line.strip()
for error_parser in error_parsers:
error_msg = error_parser.parse_error(line)
if error_msg is not None:
print(error_msg)
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.exit(main())
``` |
Purna Bahadur Khadka is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Nepali Congress currently serving as the Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal and the member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election, he won the election from Surkhet 1 (constituency). He also serve vital role and was elected as Vice President of big political party Nepali Congress on 14th general convention of Nepali Congress held from December 13 to 15 at Bhirkuti Mandap Kathmandu.
References
Living people
Nepal MPs 2022–present
Members of the 1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly
Nepali Congress politicians from Sudurpashchim Province
Nepal MPs 1991–1994
Nepal MPs 1994–1999
Nepal MPs 1999–2002
1956 births |
The Puerto Rico Office of the Special Independent Prosecutor's Panel () is an autonomous agency of the executive branch of the government of Puerto Rico that appoints Special Independent Prosecutors (FEI) to investigate and prosecute government officials who engage in criminal conduct. FEIs are equivalent to special prosecutors while the agency is synonymous to the United States Department of Justice Office of Special Counsel but at the state government level rather than federal.
References
Secretariat of Governance of Puerto Rico |
Helmsdorf may refer to the following places in Germany:
Helmsdorf, Thuringia, in the Eichsfeld district, Thuringia
, a locality in Heiligenthal, in Mansfeld-Südharz district, Sachsen-Anhalt
A locality in Stolpen, in the Sächsische Schweiz district, Saxony
A locality in Geisenhausen, in Landshut district, Bavaria |
The 1950 East Tennessee State Buccaneers football team was an American football team that represented East Tennessee State College (ETSC)—now known as East Tennessee State University—as a member of the Smoky Mountain Conference and the Volunteer State Athletic Conference (VSAC) during the 1950 college football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Loyd Roberts, the Buccaneers compiled an overall a record of 3–5–1, with marks of 1–2–1 against Smoky Mountain opponents and 0–1–1 in VSAC play. This was the program's first losing record under Roberts and the first losing season since 1941. The team's co-captains were Mark Sutherland and Bob "Snake" Evans. The 1950 squad beat local rival . They also tied in the final meeting between the two rivals as Milligan dropped football after the season. One of the few bright spots of the year was the transfer of Hal Morrison from Tennessee, as he became a record-setting target over the next three seasons. This was the first Buccaneer football team to receive athletic scholarships after the players had gone on strike the previous year.
Schedule
References
East Tennessee State
East Tennessee State
East Tennessee State Buccaneers football seasons
East Tennessee State Buccaneers football |
```c
/* Test file for mpfr_rint, mpfr_trunc, mpfr_floor, mpfr_ceil, mpfr_round,
mpfr_rint_trunc, mpfr_rint_floor, mpfr_rint_ceil, mpfr_rint_round.
Contributed by the AriC and Caramba projects, INRIA.
This file is part of the GNU MPFR Library.
The GNU MPFR Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
option) any later version.
The GNU MPFR Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
along with the GNU MPFR Library; see the file COPYING.LESSER. If not, see
path_to_url or write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "mpfr-test.h"
#if __MPFR_STDC (199901L)
# include <math.h>
#endif
static void
special (void)
{
mpfr_t x, y;
mpfr_exp_t emax;
mpfr_init (x);
mpfr_init (y);
mpfr_set_nan (x);
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDN);
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_nan_p (y));
mpfr_set_inf (x, 1);
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDN);
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_inf_p (y) && mpfr_sgn (y) > 0);
mpfr_set_inf (x, -1);
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDN);
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_inf_p (y) && mpfr_sgn (y) < 0);
mpfr_set_ui (x, 0, MPFR_RNDN);
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDN);
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp_ui (y, 0) == 0 && MPFR_IS_POS(y));
mpfr_set_ui (x, 0, MPFR_RNDN);
mpfr_neg (x, x, MPFR_RNDN);
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDN);
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp_ui (y, 0) == 0 && MPFR_IS_NEG(y));
/* coverage test */
mpfr_set_prec (x, 2);
mpfr_set_ui (x, 1, MPFR_RNDN);
mpfr_mul_2exp (x, x, mp_bits_per_limb, MPFR_RNDN);
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDN);
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp (y, x) == 0);
/* another coverage test */
emax = mpfr_get_emax ();
set_emax (1);
mpfr_set_prec (x, 3);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "1.11E0");
mpfr_set_prec (y, 2);
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDU); /* x rounds to 1.0E1=0.1E2 which overflows */
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_inf_p (y) && mpfr_sgn (y) > 0);
set_emax (emax);
/* yet another */
mpfr_set_prec (x, 97);
mpfr_set_prec (y, 96);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "-0.your_sha256_hash000101001111101010101011010111100E97");
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDN);
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp (y, x) == 0);
mpfr_set_prec (x, 53);
mpfr_set_prec (y, 53);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "0.10101100000000101001010101111111000000011111010000010E-1");
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDU);
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp_ui (y, 1) == 0);
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDD);
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp_ui (y, 0) == 0 && MPFR_IS_POS(y));
mpfr_set_prec (x, 36);
mpfr_set_prec (y, 2);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "-11000110101010111111110111001.0000100");
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDN);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "-11E27");
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp (y, x) == 0);
mpfr_set_prec (x, 39);
mpfr_set_prec (y, 29);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "-0.100010110100011010001111001001001100111E39");
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDN);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "-0.10001011010001101000111100101E39");
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp (y, x) == 0);
mpfr_set_prec (x, 46);
mpfr_set_prec (y, 32);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "-0.1011100110100101000001011111101011001001101001E32");
mpfr_rint (y, x, MPFR_RNDN);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "-0.10111001101001010000010111111011E32");
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp (y, x) == 0);
/* coverage test for mpfr_round */
mpfr_set_prec (x, 3);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "1.01E1"); /* 2.5 */
mpfr_set_prec (y, 2);
mpfr_round (y, x);
/* since mpfr_round breaks ties away, should give 3 and not 2 as with
the "round to even" rule */
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp_ui (y, 3) == 0);
/* same test for the function */
(mpfr_round) (y, x);
MPFR_ASSERTN(mpfr_cmp_ui (y, 3) == 0);
mpfr_set_prec (x, 6);
mpfr_set_prec (y, 3);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x, "110.111");
mpfr_round (y, x);
if (mpfr_cmp_ui (y, 7))
{
printf ("Error in round(110.111)\n");
exit (1);
}
/* Bug found by Mark J Watkins */
mpfr_set_prec (x, 84);
mpfr_set_str_binary (x,
"0.110011010010001000000111101101001111111100101110010000000000000" \
"000000000000000000000E32");
mpfr_round (x, x);
if (mpfr_cmp_str (x, "0.1100110100100010000001111011010100000000000000" \
"00000000000000000000000000000000000000E32", 2, MPFR_RNDN))
{
printf ("Rounding error when dest=src\n");
exit (1);
}
mpfr_clear (x);
mpfr_clear (y);
}
#define BASIC_TEST(F,J) \
do \
{ \
int red; \
for (red = 0; red <= 1; red++) \
{ \
int inex1, inex2; \
unsigned int ex_flags, flags; \
\
if (red) \
{ \
set_emin (e); \
set_emax (e); \
} \
\
mpfr_clear_flags (); \
inex1 = mpfr_set_si (y, J, (mpfr_rnd_t) r); \
ex_flags = __gmpfr_flags; \
mpfr_clear_flags (); \
inex2 = mpfr_rint_##F (z, x, (mpfr_rnd_t) r); \
flags = __gmpfr_flags; \
if (! (mpfr_equal_p (y, z) && \
SAME_SIGN (inex1, inex2) && \
flags == ex_flags)) \
{ \
printf ("Basic test failed on mpfr_rint_" #F \
", prec = %d, i = %d, %s\n", prec, s * i, \
mpfr_print_rnd_mode ((mpfr_rnd_t) r)); \
printf ("i.e. x = "); \
mpfr_dump (x); \
if (red) \
printf ("with emin = emax = %d\n", e); \
printf ("Expected "); \
mpfr_dump (y); \
printf ("with inex = %d (or equivalent)\n", inex1); \
printf (" flags:"); \
flags_out (ex_flags); \
printf ("Got "); \
mpfr_dump (z); \
printf ("with inex = %d (or equivalent)\n", inex2); \
printf (" flags:"); \
flags_out (flags); \
exit (1); \
} \
} \
set_emin (emin); \
set_emax (emax); \
} \
while (0)
#define BASIC_TEST2(F,J,INEX) \
do \
{ \
int red; \
for (red = 0; red <= 1; red++) \
{ \
int inex; \
unsigned int ex_flags, flags; \
\
if (red) \
{ \
set_emin (e); \
set_emax (e); \
} \
\
mpfr_clear_flags (); \
inex = mpfr_set_si (y, J, MPFR_RNDN); \
MPFR_ASSERTN (inex == 0 || mpfr_overflow_p ()); \
ex_flags = __gmpfr_flags; \
mpfr_clear_flags (); \
inex = mpfr_##F (z, x); \
if (inex != 0) \
ex_flags |= MPFR_FLAGS_INEXACT; \
flags = __gmpfr_flags; \
if (! (mpfr_equal_p (y, z) && \
inex == (INEX) && \
flags == ex_flags)) \
{ \
printf ("Basic test failed on mpfr_" #F \
", prec = %d, i = %d\n", prec, s * i); \
printf ("i.e. x = "); \
mpfr_dump (x); \
if (red) \
printf ("with emin = emax = %d\n", e); \
printf ("Expected "); \
mpfr_dump (y); \
printf ("with inex = %d\n", (INEX)); \
printf (" flags:"); \
flags_out (ex_flags); \
printf ("Got "); \
mpfr_dump (z); \
printf ("with inex = %d\n", inex); \
printf (" flags:"); \
flags_out (flags); \
exit (1); \
} \
} \
set_emin (emin); \
set_emax (emax); \
} \
while (0)
/* Test mpfr_rint_* on i/4 with |i| between 1 and 72. */
static void
basic_tests (void)
{
mpfr_t x, y, z;
int prec, s, i, r;
mpfr_exp_t emin, emax;
emin = mpfr_get_emin ();
emax = mpfr_get_emax ();
mpfr_init2 (x, 16);
for (prec = 2; prec <= 7; prec++)
{
mpfr_inits2 (prec, y, z, (mpfr_ptr) 0);
for (s = 1; s >= -1; s -= 2)
for (i = 1; i <= 72; i++)
{
int k, t, u, v, f, e;
for (t = i/4, k = 0; t >= 1 << prec; t >>= 1, k++)
;
t <<= k;
for (u = (i+3)/4, k = 0; u >= 1 << prec; u = (u+1)/2, k++)
;
u <<= k;
v = i < (t+u) << 1 ? t : u;
f = t == u ? 0 : i % 4 == 0 ? 1 : 2;
mpfr_set_si_2exp (x, s * i, -2, MPFR_RNDN);
e = mpfr_get_exp (x);
RND_LOOP(r)
{
BASIC_TEST (trunc, s * (i/4));
BASIC_TEST (floor, s > 0 ? i/4 : - ((i+3)/4));
BASIC_TEST (ceil, s > 0 ? (i+3)/4 : - (i/4));
BASIC_TEST (round, s * ((i+2)/4));
}
BASIC_TEST2 (trunc, s * t, - s * f);
BASIC_TEST2 (floor, s > 0 ? t : - u, - f);
BASIC_TEST2 (ceil, s > 0 ? u : - t, f);
BASIC_TEST2 (round, s * v, v == t ? - s * f : s * f);
}
mpfr_clears (y, z, (mpfr_ptr) 0);
}
mpfr_clear (x);
}
#if __MPFR_STDC (199901L)
static void
test_fct (double (*f)(double), int (*g)(), char *s, mpfr_rnd_t r)
{
double d, y;
mpfr_t dd, yy;
mpfr_init2 (dd, 53);
mpfr_init2 (yy, 53);
for (d = -5.0; d <= 5.0; d += 0.25)
{
mpfr_set_d (dd, d, r);
y = (*f)(d);
if (g == &mpfr_rint)
mpfr_rint (yy, dd, r);
else
(*g)(yy, dd);
mpfr_set_d (dd, y, r);
if (mpfr_cmp (yy, dd))
{
printf ("test_against_libc: incorrect result for %s, rnd = %s,"
" d = %g\ngot ", s, mpfr_print_rnd_mode (r), d);
mpfr_out_str (stdout, 10, 0, yy, MPFR_RNDN);
printf (" instead of %g\n", y);
exit (1);
}
}
mpfr_clear (dd);
mpfr_clear (yy);
}
#define TEST_FCT(F) test_fct (&F, &mpfr_##F, #F, r)
static void
test_against_libc (void)
{
mpfr_rnd_t r = MPFR_RNDN;
(void) r; /* avoid a warning by using r */
#if HAVE_ROUND
TEST_FCT (round);
#endif
#if HAVE_TRUNC
TEST_FCT (trunc);
#endif
#if HAVE_FLOOR
TEST_FCT (floor);
#endif
#if HAVE_CEIL
TEST_FCT (ceil);
#endif
#if HAVE_NEARBYINT
for (r = 0; r < MPFR_RND_MAX ; r++)
if (mpfr_set_machine_rnd_mode (r) == 0)
test_fct (&nearbyint, &mpfr_rint, "rint", r);
#endif
}
#endif
static void
err (const char *str, mp_size_t s, mpfr_t x, mpfr_t y, mpfr_prec_t p,
mpfr_rnd_t r, int trint, int inexact)
{
printf ("Error: %s\ns = %u, p = %u, r = %s, trint = %d, inexact = %d\nx = ",
str, (unsigned int) s, (unsigned int) p, mpfr_print_rnd_mode (r),
trint, inexact);
mpfr_print_binary (x);
printf ("\ny = ");
mpfr_print_binary (y);
printf ("\n");
exit (1);
}
static void
coverage_03032011 (void)
{
mpfr_t in, out, cmp;
int status;
int precIn;
char strData[(GMP_NUMB_BITS * 4)+256];
precIn = GMP_NUMB_BITS * 4;
mpfr_init2 (in, precIn);
mpfr_init2 (out, GMP_NUMB_BITS);
mpfr_init2 (cmp, GMP_NUMB_BITS);
/* cmp = "0.1EprecIn+2" */
/* The buffer size is sufficient, as precIn is small in practice. */
sprintf (strData, "0.1E%d", precIn+2);
mpfr_set_str_binary (cmp, strData);
/* in = "0.10...01EprecIn+2" use all (precIn) significand bits */
memset ((void *)strData, '0', precIn+2);
strData[1] = '.';
strData[2] = '1';
sprintf (&strData[precIn+1], "1E%d", precIn+2);
mpfr_set_str_binary (in, strData);
status = mpfr_rint (out, in, MPFR_RNDN);
if ((mpfr_cmp (out, cmp) != 0) || (status >= 0))
{
printf("mpfr_rint error :\n status is %d instead of 0\n", status);
printf(" out value is ");
mpfr_dump(out);
printf(" instead of ");
mpfr_dump(cmp);
exit (1);
}
mpfr_clear (cmp);
mpfr_clear (out);
mpfr_init2 (out, GMP_NUMB_BITS);
mpfr_init2 (cmp, GMP_NUMB_BITS);
/* cmp = "0.10...01EprecIn+2" use all (GMP_NUMB_BITS) significand bits */
strcpy (&strData[GMP_NUMB_BITS+1], &strData[precIn+1]);
mpfr_set_str_binary (cmp, strData);
(MPFR_MANT(in))[2] = MPFR_LIMB_HIGHBIT;
status = mpfr_rint (out, in, MPFR_RNDN);
if ((mpfr_cmp (out, cmp) != 0) || (status <= 0))
{
printf("mpfr_rint error :\n status is %d instead of 0\n", status);
printf(" out value is\n");
mpfr_dump(out);
printf(" instead of\n");
mpfr_dump(cmp);
exit (1);
}
mpfr_clear (cmp);
mpfr_clear (out);
mpfr_clear (in);
}
#define TEST_FUNCTION mpfr_rint_trunc
#define TEST_RANDOM_EMIN -20
#define TEST_RANDOM_ALWAYS_SCALE 1
#define test_generic test_generic_trunc
#include "tgeneric.c"
#define TEST_FUNCTION mpfr_rint_floor
#define TEST_RANDOM_EMIN -20
#define TEST_RANDOM_ALWAYS_SCALE 1
#define test_generic test_generic_floor
#include "tgeneric.c"
#define TEST_FUNCTION mpfr_rint_ceil
#define TEST_RANDOM_EMIN -20
#define TEST_RANDOM_ALWAYS_SCALE 1
#define test_generic test_generic_ceil
#include "tgeneric.c"
#define TEST_FUNCTION mpfr_rint_round
#define TEST_RANDOM_EMIN -20
#define TEST_RANDOM_ALWAYS_SCALE 1
#define test_generic test_generic_round
#include "tgeneric.c"
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
mp_size_t s;
mpz_t z;
mpfr_prec_t p;
mpfr_t x, y, t, u, v;
int r;
int inexact, sign_t;
tests_start_mpfr ();
mpfr_init (x);
mpfr_init (y);
mpz_init (z);
mpfr_init (t);
mpfr_init (u);
mpfr_init (v);
mpz_set_ui (z, 1);
for (s = 2; s < 100; s++)
{
/* z has exactly s bits */
mpz_mul_2exp (z, z, 1);
if (randlimb () % 2)
mpz_add_ui (z, z, 1);
mpfr_set_prec (x, s);
mpfr_set_prec (t, s);
mpfr_set_prec (u, s);
if (mpfr_set_z (x, z, MPFR_RNDN))
{
printf ("Error: mpfr_set_z should be exact (s = %u)\n",
(unsigned int) s);
exit (1);
}
if (randlimb () % 2)
mpfr_neg (x, x, MPFR_RNDN);
if (randlimb () % 2)
mpfr_div_2ui (x, x, randlimb () % s, MPFR_RNDN);
for (p = 2; p < 100; p++)
{
int trint;
mpfr_set_prec (y, p);
mpfr_set_prec (v, p);
for (r = 0; r < MPFR_RND_MAX ; r++)
for (trint = 0; trint < 3; trint++)
{
if (trint == 2)
inexact = mpfr_rint (y, x, (mpfr_rnd_t) r);
else if (r == MPFR_RNDN)
inexact = mpfr_round (y, x);
else if (r == MPFR_RNDZ)
inexact = (trint ? mpfr_trunc (y, x) :
mpfr_rint_trunc (y, x, MPFR_RNDZ));
else if (r == MPFR_RNDU)
inexact = (trint ? mpfr_ceil (y, x) :
mpfr_rint_ceil (y, x, MPFR_RNDU));
else /* r = MPFR_RNDD */
inexact = (trint ? mpfr_floor (y, x) :
mpfr_rint_floor (y, x, MPFR_RNDD));
if (mpfr_sub (t, y, x, MPFR_RNDN))
err ("subtraction 1 should be exact",
s, x, y, p, (mpfr_rnd_t) r, trint, inexact);
sign_t = mpfr_cmp_ui (t, 0);
if (trint != 0 &&
(((inexact == 0) && (sign_t != 0)) ||
((inexact < 0) && (sign_t >= 0)) ||
((inexact > 0) && (sign_t <= 0))))
err ("wrong inexact flag", s, x, y, p, (mpfr_rnd_t) r, trint, inexact);
if (inexact == 0)
continue; /* end of the test for exact results */
if (((r == MPFR_RNDD || (r == MPFR_RNDZ && MPFR_SIGN (x) > 0))
&& inexact > 0) ||
((r == MPFR_RNDU || (r == MPFR_RNDZ && MPFR_SIGN (x) < 0))
&& inexact < 0))
err ("wrong rounding direction",
s, x, y, p, (mpfr_rnd_t) r, trint, inexact);
if (inexact < 0)
{
mpfr_add_ui (v, y, 1, MPFR_RNDU);
if (mpfr_cmp (v, x) <= 0)
err ("representable integer between x and its "
"rounded value", s, x, y, p, (mpfr_rnd_t) r, trint, inexact);
}
else
{
mpfr_sub_ui (v, y, 1, MPFR_RNDD);
if (mpfr_cmp (v, x) >= 0)
err ("representable integer between x and its "
"rounded value", s, x, y, p, (mpfr_rnd_t) r, trint, inexact);
}
if (r == MPFR_RNDN)
{
int cmp;
if (mpfr_sub (u, v, x, MPFR_RNDN))
err ("subtraction 2 should be exact",
s, x, y, p, (mpfr_rnd_t) r, trint, inexact);
cmp = mpfr_cmp_abs (t, u);
if (cmp > 0)
err ("faithful rounding, but not the nearest integer",
s, x, y, p, (mpfr_rnd_t) r, trint, inexact);
if (cmp < 0)
continue;
/* |t| = |u|: x is the middle of two consecutive
representable integers. */
if (trint == 2)
{
/* halfway case for mpfr_rint in MPFR_RNDN rounding
mode: round to an even integer or significand. */
mpfr_div_2ui (y, y, 1, MPFR_RNDZ);
if (!mpfr_integer_p (y))
err ("halfway case for mpfr_rint, result isn't an"
" even integer", s, x, y, p, (mpfr_rnd_t) r, trint, inexact);
/* If floor(x) and ceil(x) aren't both representable
integers, the significand must be even. */
mpfr_sub (v, v, y, MPFR_RNDN);
mpfr_abs (v, v, MPFR_RNDN);
if (mpfr_cmp_ui (v, 1) != 0)
{
mpfr_div_2si (y, y, MPFR_EXP (y) - MPFR_PREC (y)
+ 1, MPFR_RNDN);
if (!mpfr_integer_p (y))
err ("halfway case for mpfr_rint, significand isn't"
" even", s, x, y, p, (mpfr_rnd_t) r, trint, inexact);
}
}
else
{ /* halfway case for mpfr_round: x must have been
rounded away from zero. */
if ((MPFR_SIGN (x) > 0 && inexact < 0) ||
(MPFR_SIGN (x) < 0 && inexact > 0))
err ("halfway case for mpfr_round, bad rounding"
" direction", s, x, y, p, (mpfr_rnd_t) r, trint, inexact);
}
}
}
}
}
mpfr_clear (x);
mpfr_clear (y);
mpz_clear (z);
mpfr_clear (t);
mpfr_clear (u);
mpfr_clear (v);
special ();
basic_tests ();
coverage_03032011 ();
test_generic_trunc (2, 300, 20);
test_generic_floor (2, 300, 20);
test_generic_ceil (2, 300, 20);
test_generic_round (2, 300, 20);
#if __MPFR_STDC (199901L)
if (argc > 1 && strcmp (argv[1], "-s") == 0)
test_against_libc ();
#endif
tests_end_mpfr ();
return 0;
}
``` |
ISKCON schools are primary and secondary schools run by, or otherwise affiliated with, the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), also known as the Hare Krishna movement. ISKCON schools have been established all over the world. ISKCON schools are generally run independently, although the ISKCON Ministry of Educational Development (MED) may provide support and guidance in the establishment and running of these schools.
Schools by region
Europe
Avanti Schools Trust
A number of schools are operated by the Avanti Schools Trust under the direction of the I-Foundation, a Hindu and Hare Krishna charity established to provide religious authority in the governance of state-funded Hindu faith schools in the United Kingdom. These include the Krishna Avanti Primary School, Harrow, the first state-funded Hindu school in UK, Krishna Avanti Primary School, Leicester the second state funded Hindu school in UK. Avanti schools follow the standard national curriculum of the UK school system. Avanti schools additionally feature inclusive religious education, ethics and philosophy instruction, meditation and yoga practice, and Sanskrit language instruction. Primary objectives of Avanti schools are to promote "educational excellence, character formation and spiritual insight."
Bhaktivedanta Manor School
Bhaktivedanta Manor School (now known as Gurukula-The Hare Krishna Primary School) is a school based near Bhaktivedanta Manor in the UK. www.gurukula.org.uk
Sri Prahlad Gurukula
Sri Prahlad Gurukula, is a school in Hungary.
Bhaktivedanta Gurukula
Bhaktivedanta Gurukula, is a school in Moscow, Russia. The school educates Hare Krishna devotee children as well as those who do not have a Hare Krishna spiritual background.
North America
Bhaktivedanta Academy
Bhaktivedanta Academy, named for ISKCON Founder-Acarya A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, is a primary and secondary school in Alachua, Florida. The school is a Montessori school and in the process of gaining approval to become an IB World School that is authorized by the International Baccalaureate Organisation (IBO) to offer IB academic programs.
TKG Academy
TKG Academy, named for Tamala Krishna Goswami, is a non-sectarian, co-educational school in Dallas, Texas. The academy features Montessori Preschool, Lower Elementary, Middle Elementary, and Upper Elementary academic programs, as well as spiritual programs such as a Morning Sadhana Class and a Spiritual Friday program for students. The spiritual program is taken from that of ISKCON temples worldwide, as established by ISKCON Founder-Acarya Srila Prabhupada.
MathEcoSpirit Academy
MathEcoSpirit Academy is a school in Carriere, Mississippi. The school was founded by Dr. Héctor Rosario, who holds a PhD in Mathematics Education from Columbia University, and his wife. The school opened 2013 as an initiative to provide holistic education with a special focus on math and science education, ecology, and spirituality.
The curriculum includes instruction in math, science, language arts, language immersion, philosophy and theology, and character formation. Languages currently taught include Sanskrit and Spanish, with plans to include options to study Hindi, Bengali, Latin, and Greek as modern and ancient languages. Arts and crafts, farming, meditation, and yoga practice are also a part of the student schedule at the academy.
South America
Bhaktivedanta International School
Bhaktivedanta International School, is a primary school in Lima, Peru.
Escola Bhakti
Escola Bhakti ("Bhakti School" in the Portuguese language) is a government-approved primary and secondary school, as well as a socio-educational philanthropic institution, in Brazil which offers education free of charge to students. The school is run by ISKCON devotee volunteers. The school curriculum is based on the Mayapur Academy Gurukula curriculum.
Asia
The Bhaktivedanta Academy Gurukula Sri Dham Mayapur
The Bhaktivedanta Academy is a gurukula in Sridham Mayapur. It is a traditional Vedic School.
Mission Statement:
“To provide a facility for the Academy’s members to study, practice, and disseminate the teachings of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, along with corollary studies of the standard works of the Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇava ācāryas and the branches of Vedic philosophy, culture, and science in the context of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam and Śrīla Prabhupāda’s teachings.”
Sri Mayapur International School
Sri Mayapur International School (SMIS) is a primary and secondary school in Mayapur, India. The school follows the United Kingdom international school curriculum, and students sit for the Cambridge International Examinations, including the IGCSE and A-levels. Students at the school have done well in the international exams.
Bhaktivedanta National School, Mayapur
The Bhaktivedanta National School is running under the Sri Dham Mayapur Township Trust. It is affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), and offers a good education that is open not only to devotee children, but to the local children of the surrounding communities at an affordable price.
Bhaktivedanta Gurukula and International School
Bhaktivedanta Gurukula and International School (BGIS) is a boarding school for boys in Vrindavan, India. Students sit for the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education examinations. Amar Ujala, one of the largest Hindi language newspapers in India, ranked the school as the top school in the Mathura district, and the second best school in the state of Uttar Pradesh, in education. The school made appearance as 13th rank boarding school in Education World Magazine's top 25 Boy's boarding school in India and 1st in Uttar Pradesh.
Bangladesh
Bhaktivedanta International School (BIS)
Bhaktivedanta International School (BIS) was established in January 2014 in Chittagong, Bangladesh. It is a national curriculum based English Medium School run by ISKCON Chittagong. It has already gained its popularity in Chittagong, Bangladesh. It used to organize the Srila Prabhupada Merit Scholarship Competition every year, which is one of the renowned scholarship examination in primary level in Bangladesh. It is the first school that implements Vedic Spiritual guidelines with modern education in Bangladesh.
Australia and New Zealand
Bhaktivedanta Swami Gurukula
Bhaktivedanta Swami Gurukula is a registered, independent primary and secondary school located in New South Wales, Australia. The school curriculum includes learning activities in English, mathematics, science, technology, personal development, health and physical education, human society and its environment, creative arts (visual arts, music, and drama), Krishna conscious studies, foreign language, and school sport.
Hare Krishna School
Hare Krishna School is a state integrated primary school in New Zealand. In addition to the standard New Zealand curriculum, the school teaches Sanskrit language, Vedic scriptures, Indian musical instruments, and character education. The school curriculum features spirituality and values, thinking skills, English, mathematics, scripture study, Sanskrit language, social studies, technology, sciences, computer skills, art, dance, drama, music, health and physical education, with Krishna conscious practices, philosophy, and values in the centre of education.
Africa
Lord Krishna's Academy
Lord Krishna's Academy, is a school located in Accra, Ghana. The school is run by Srivas Dasa, a disciple of Bhakti Tirtha Swami.
Nimai International School
Nimai International School, is a school located in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Child protection
ISKCON previously operated a number of gurukula boarding schools, aiming to establish institutions of education according to the traditional Vedic model. From the late 1970s, allegations of child abuse by select members of certain ISKCON school communities threatened the safety and tarnished the reputation of these schools. Such abusive actions, however, are directly in violation of the fundamental teachings of the Hare Krishna movement, and are strongly condemned by ISKCON. To address these issues, ISKCON shut down many of the original schools, set up funds to compensate the victims, opened new day and boarding schools integrating revised models of education, opened a Child Protection Office (CPO) dedicated to preventing and appropriately dealing with child abuse, and instituted trainings and policies to combat such abuses, with the goal of total prevention of child abuse.
References
Schools affiliated with the International Society for Krishna Consciousness
International Society for Krishna Consciousness |
Henry D'Esterre Taylor, (11 January 1853 – 28 April 1909), was an Australian banker and Federationist.
Early life
Taylor was born on 11 January 1853 at Richmond barracks, Melbourne, the eldest child of Robert Crofton Taylor, a policeman, and his wife Mary Jane, née D'Esterre. In 1870 he commenced work with the Melbourne Savings Bank (later the State Savings Bank of Victoria and now part of the Commonwealth Bank).
Politics
A free trader, Taylor became a member of the Victorian branch of the Imperial Federation League in 1885. He was instrumental in ensuring the Victorian Branch survived the collapse of the parent group in London in 1893.
The league promoted closer union within the British Empire and advocated the establishment of an Imperial parliament to be composed of representatives of Britain and the self-governing members of the Empire. Taylor was honorary secretary of the Victorian branch from 1895 to 1907.
Taylor was a supporter of the federation of the Australian colonies as a first step in the greater federation. He joined the Melbourne branch of the Australian Natives' Association, hoping to gain members. He clashed with republicans over his I.F.L. prize-winning essay, The Advantages of Imperial Federation (Melbourne, 1888). His address, "Three Great Federations: Australasian, National and Racial" (London, 1890), delivered to the A.N.A. at Ballarat, met with approval insofar as he urged Australian Federation; but his advocacy of Imperial Federation and, ultimately, a federation of the British races aroused heated opposition. Although Taylor held that trade, defence and financial advantage would flow from Imperial Federation, others feared that in such an organization Australia's voice would be submerged.
The conservative Melbourne Argus supported Taylor; the radical Age opposed him.
Taylor was an I.F.L. delegate to the 1893 Corowa conference of the A.N.A.
He was once described as an "Australian imbecile" but was a gifted debater and art critic. A pamphleteer for the I.F.L., he also wrote for other periodicals.
Banking
A mathematician, Taylor had been inspector of branches, accountant, assistant auditor and manager of city branches of the Melbourne Savings Bank until ill-health forced him to retire in March 1908.
He was a foundation member (1886–1906) of the Bankers' Institute of Australasia and contributed articles to its journal. Taylor never married. He died of cerebral sclerosis on 28 April 1909 at East Melbourne and is buried in the Melbourne General Cemetery.
External links
Australian Dictionary of Biography – Entry of Henry d'Esterre Taylor
1853 births
1909 deaths
Australian bankers
19th-century Australian businesspeople
Businesspeople from the Colony of Victoria |
The Cranenburg House (also Craenenburg) is a historic building located on the Markt (main square) of Bruges, Belgium. The building is now a café with a historicised facade by M. Vermeersch from 1956.
George W. T. Omond's Bruges and West Flanders (1906), illustrated by Amédée Forestier, refers to the building: Cranenburg, from the windows of which, in olden times, the Counts of Flanders, with the lords and ladies of their Court, used to watch the tournaments and pageants for which Bruges was celebrated, and in which Maximilian was imprisoned by the burghers in 1488. But the Cranenburg, once the 'most magnificent private residence in the Market-Place,' many years ago lost every trace of its original splendour, and is now an unattractive hostelry, the headquarters of a smoking club; while the Hôtel de Bouchoute, turned into a clothier's shop, has little to distinguish it from its commonplace neighbours.
References
Buildings and structures in Bruges
Tourist attractions in Bruges |
The Cairo Demographic Center (CDC) is an educational and research institute in Mokattam, a suburb of Cairo, Egypt. It provides training to specialists in demography in the developing world, who are concerned with the study and analysis of critical population issues.
The CDC awards Diplomas in Demography, Population and Development as well as a M.Phil. degree in Demography. It has one of the richest demographic libraries in the Middle East. It carries out research in areas such as employment, health and reproductive issues.
History
The CDC was jointly established by the United Nations and the Egyptian Government in 1963. The agreement was renewed several times before it was terminated in 1991. A Presidential decree was issued, stating that the Center be an independent institution sponsored and financed by the Egyptian Government. In January 1992, the Egyptian Government took full responsibility for the Center. In 2006 CDC it was affiliated to the Ministry of Economic Development.
Objectives
CDC main objectives are:
a) To provide educational opportunities to persons working in the field of population .
b) To undertake research in population and related fields.
c) To provide technical assistance and consultancy services in population and related fields to interested governments and organizations.
d) To organize national and regional conferences and seminars on population and related issues.
e) To plan, organize and conduct short training programmes in population and related fields.
f) To carry out follow-up and impact evaluation studies for population projects and programmes.
References
1963 establishments in Egypt
Organizations established in 1963
Organisations based in Cairo
Population organizations |
Howe Island is an island located in Lake Ontario east of Kingston in Frontenac County, Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Thousand Islands chain. Together with Wolfe Island and Simcoe Island, Howe Island is part of the township of Frontenac Islands, created through municipal amalgamation in 1998.
Howe Island measures 13 km (8 mi) long and 5 km (3 mi) wide and has an area of 31 km2 (12 mi2). It is the 2nd largest of the “Thousand Islands”. The main channel of the St. Lawrence River passes to the south of the island and merges with Lake Ontario, while the Bateau Channel passes on the north between the Canadian mainland and the island.
History
Howe Island was originally named Ka-ou-enesegoan by local Iroquois and later Isle Cauchois after its first French owner Jacques Cauchois who took possession in 1685. In a proclamation by the Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada John Graves Simcoe on 16 July 1792, the island was renamed from Isle Cauchois to Howe island; it was named for William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, a British officer who served under General James Wolfe at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham during the Seven Years' War, and first appeared on a map in 1818 following a survey by Captain (later Vice Admiral) William Fitzwilliam Owen of the Royal Navy. There is some evidence (received by oral tradition) that it was at one time also called St. John's. There is no evidence of any permanent habitation until 1810 by a man named William Casey. In the following four decades successive waves of settlers brought many of the island's long standing families who still live or own land there.
Howe Island has a shared community of farming, as well as "cottagers". The Island also has a small Roman Catholic Church: St. Philomena's.
Demographics
The population of Howe Island in 2011 was 602, although this figure expands in the summer months when recreational properties are occupied.
Transportation
Two ferry services connect the island to the mainland: a County-operated ferry on the west from the community of Pitts Ferry, part of Kingston; and the Township-operated "Foot Ferry" on the east from Gananoque.
See also
List of townships in Ontario
References
Former township municipalities in Ontario
Landforms of Frontenac County
Islands of the Thousand Islands in Ontario |
```php
<?php
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
*/
namespace Google\Service\Dataflow;
class WorkerDetails extends \Google\Collection
{
protected $collection_key = 'workItems';
protected $workItemsType = WorkItemDetails::class;
protected $workItemsDataType = 'array';
/**
* @var string
*/
public $workerName;
/**
* @param WorkItemDetails[]
*/
public function setWorkItems($workItems)
{
$this->workItems = $workItems;
}
/**
* @return WorkItemDetails[]
*/
public function getWorkItems()
{
return $this->workItems;
}
/**
* @param string
*/
public function setWorkerName($workerName)
{
$this->workerName = $workerName;
}
/**
* @return string
*/
public function getWorkerName()
{
return $this->workerName;
}
}
// Adding a class alias for backwards compatibility with the previous class name.
class_alias(WorkerDetails::class, 'Google_Service_Dataflow_WorkerDetails');
``` |
The 1970–71 season was Manchester City's 69th season of competitive football and 51st season in the top division of English football. In addition to the First Division, the club competed in the FA Cup, Football League Cup, UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and the Anglo-Italian League Cup.
First Division
League table
Results summary
References
External links
Manchester City F.C. seasons
Manchester City |
Korea Expressway Corporation (Hangul: 한국도로공사) is a South Korean corporation running the toll roads of South Korea.
Timeline
1968 – Started construction of Gyeongbu Expressway
1969 – KEC founded (capital stock of 50billion won)
1970 – Opened whole section of 428 km Gyeongbu Expressway
1973 – Opened the era of 1,000 km Expressway network
1973 – Established a Survey Institute (Currently Transport Research Institute)
1978 – Daily number of vehicles using expressways surpassed 100,000
1980 – Launched integrated tolling system
1984 – Opened a traffic information broadcasting studio
1987 – Total length of expressway exceed 1,500 km
1988 – Daily toll revenue surpassed 1 billion won
1990 – Total assets exceeded 1 trillion Korea won
1994 – Mechanized toll collection system (TCS) at all toll gates
1994 – Total assets surpassed 5 trillion won
1994 – Introduced the first bus-only lane
1997 – Built nationwide independent communications network
1999 – Started Hi-Pass pilot project
1999 – Opened the era of 2,000 km Expressway network
2001 – Opened 423.2 km expressways
2003 – Arranged foreign capital at low interest rates (US$500mil, 10year maturity)
2007 – Expanded Hi-Pass service to nationwide
2007 – Total length of expressways exceed 3,000 km
2010 – Rate of Hi-Pass use surpassed 50% and number of Hi-Pass users surpassed 5 million
2012 – Opened the era of 4,000 km Expressway network
See also
Expressways in South Korea
References
External links
Official website
Former website
Toll road operators
Transport operators of South Korea
Road transport in South Korea
Government-owned companies of South Korea
Transport companies established in 1969
South Korean companies established in 1969
Companies based in North Gyeongsang Province
Gimcheon |
```java
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package org.mybatis.dynamic.sql.where.render;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.mybatis.dynamic.sql.util.FragmentAndParameters;
class RenderedCriterionTest {
@Test
void testSimpleCriteria() {
RenderedCriterion rc = new RenderedCriterion.Builder()
.withConnector("and")
.withFragmentAndParameters(FragmentAndParameters.withFragment("col1 = :p1").build())
.build();
FragmentAndParameters fp = rc.fragmentAndParametersWithConnector();
assertAll(
() -> assertThat(fp.fragment()).isEqualTo("and col1 = :p1"),
() -> assertThat(fp.parameters()).isEmpty()
);
}
}
``` |
Leverrett Oley Larsen (born October 18, 1964) is a former Republican member of the North Dakota Senate for the 3rd district.
Career
He has been a member of the North Dakota Senate since 2010. He is opposed to anti-bullying legislation, arguing that it would promote a victim mentality. He has been published in Psychology Today. He supports the right to bear arms in the workplace.
He was elected State Senate President Pro Tempore 2020. he was elected chairman of the Bastiat Caucus. He is a member of the Pro-Life caucus, National Prayer Caucus and the Republican Party Caucus.
Personal life
Larsen received a Bachelor of Science in Vocational Education from Valley City State University and a Masters of Science in Educational Leadership from North Dakota State University. He was a teacher of Automotive Technology at a local high school.
Currently, he is self-employed at Oley Larsen 4 Insurance Agency LLC specializing in health insurance and benefits. He also continues in the diesel technology field for a local sanitation company.
He is married to Elizabeth Larsen, and they have two children. They live in Minot, North Dakota.
References
1964 births
21st-century American politicians
Living people
Republican Party North Dakota state senators
North Dakota State University alumni
People from Minot, North Dakota
Valley City State University alumni |
Long Story Short is the debut studio album by Illy. The album was released on 15 April 2009. It includes collaborations with Phrase, N'Fa, Pegz and Spit Syndicate. The bulk of the album was produced by M-Phazes and J-Skub. Both the singles, "Pictures" and "Generation Y" were placed on Triple J national rotation.
Track listing
"Generation Y"
"Black Cap Rap" (feat. Pegz)
"Full Tank"
"My Way"
"Rock Star Shit"
"Pictures"
"This Or That"
"Our Country"
"Red Light Green Light" (feat. Spit Syndicate, Solo And Cisco Tavares)
"Brother"
"For You" (feat. Phrase and N'Fa)
"Dumb It Down"
"Long Story Short" (feat. Cisco Tavares)
"All Around the World" (feat. Kulaia)
Production
M-Phazes - Tracks 1, 2, 5, 9, 10, 11, 14
J-Skub - Tracks 3, 6, 7, 8
Jsquared - Tracks 4, 13
Ta-Ku - Track 12
References
2009 debut albums
Illy (rapper) albums
Albums produced by M-Phazes
Obese Records albums |
Ali Tahir () is a Pakistani actor, writer, director and producer. He was born in 1970. Ali is known for his roles in Inkaar, Mehram, Sangat, Teen Bata Teen and more recent dramas, such as Qalandar, Phaans and Hum Kahan Kay Sachay Thay.
Personal life
Ali was born on 11 August 1970 in Karachi, Pakistan in an illustrious family known for its contribution to Urdu literature. His father Naeem Tahir is a veteran actor and respected writer. His mother, Yasmeen Tahir, was one of the most famous voices of Radio Pakistan. His grandparents Imtiaz Ali Taj and Hijab Imtiaz Ali were both famous writers. Hijab was also the first Muslim female pilot.
Ali's elder brother Faran Tahir is a Pakistani-American actor, whose has played a number of well-known roles, such as Raza in Iron Man (2008), Captain Robau in Star Trek (2009), and President Patel in Elysium (2013). His other brother, Mehran Tahir, is a TV producer.
Ali is married to Wajeeha Tahir, who is also an actor and was a cast member of Teen Bata Teen.
Filmography
Film
Chambaili
Television
References
External links
Living people
Pakistani male television actors
Pakistani male stage actors
Pakistani male comedians
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Bernardo Lorenziti (c. 1764 - after 1813) and his brother Antonio Lorenziti (Aix, c. 1740-1789) were two Italian musicians and composers, active mainly in France.
Bernardo was born in Kirchheim, Württemberg trained under his brother in Nancy, and for twenty-five years he was employed in the opera of Paris. He was second violinist in 1787, and pensioned in 1813. He wrote 240 works of music including concertos for violin and orchestra, viola and orchestra, trios for viola, bass, and violin; 12 variations for 2 violins and bass; 11 duos for violins, etudes, caprices, and airs varies for violin alone and violin and flute.
He wrote an elemental instruction method for playing violin.
Antonio Lorenziti studied under his father, who worked for the Prince of Orange, then under Pietro Locatelli. In 1767, he was appointed maestro di Capella for the Cathedral of Nancy, where he lived till he died. He composed many terzetti, quartetti, and concerti.
References
External links
18th-century Italian composers
19th-century Italian composers
French male composers
French composers
1760s births
19th-century deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Year of death unknown |
Christopher John George (Greek: Χριστόφορος Γεωργίου; February 25, 1931 – November 28, 1983) was an American television and film actor who starred in the 1960s television series The Rat Patrol. He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award in 1967 as Best TV Star for his performance in the series. He was also the recipient of a New York Film Festival award as the Best Actor in a Television Commercial. George was married to actress Lynda Day George.
Early life
Christopher George was born in Royal Oak, Michigan, on February 25, 1931, the son of Greek immigrants John George (Greek: Ιωάννης Γεωργίου) and Vaseleke (Vassiliki) George (Greek: Βασιλική Γεωργίου). John was born in Thebes, Greece, and Vaseleke was born in Athens, Greece.
George did not speak English until he was six years old, because his family only spoke Greek at home. His father was a traveling salesman during his childhood. He accompanied his father on selling trips to cities such as Akron, New York City, Chicago, St. Louis, Memphis, and Detroit.
From Michigan, the family moved to Mountain Lakes, New Jersey. Once he began learning to speak English, his father enrolled him in Greek school in addition to his regular school so that he would not forget the Greek language. That was where George first became interested in acting; at Greek school they performed Greek plays and recited Greek poetry.
When he was 14, he and his family moved to Miami, Florida. As a child, he lived in the Coconut Grove section of Miami and attended Shenandoah Elementary School and Miami Senior High School. In school, he played soccer, football and baseball and ran track. While in Florida, he used to hunt for alligators in the Everglades. After obtaining his driver's license, he worked for his father, driving trucks between Miami and other cities along the Eastern seaboard.
When he was young, George felt bound to become a priest in the Greek Orthodox Church, and his family prepared him for it; his brother Nick said that all through his childhood, Christopher was an altar boy and a choir boy and that his parents and the priest were trying to groom him to become a priest. He served as an altar boy at St. Sophia Greek Orthodox Cathedral in Miami.
Military service
George enlisted in the United States Marine Corps (USMC) on October 13, 1948, at Jacksonville, Florida, at age 17. He lied about his age on his recruitment form by giving his year of birth as 1929, which then stuck with him for most of his adult life. He attributed his enlistment to being inspired by John Wayne, saying, "You know, he caused the enlistment of hundreds of kids in the Marines and I was one of them." According to his military record at the National Personnel Records Center, he attended boot camp at Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, South Carolina, and graduated with a meritorious promotion to private first class on December 31, 1948.
His first duty station was Headquarters Squadron, Marine Corps Air Station Quantico, Virginia. In April 1950, he transferred to Aircraft Engineering Squadron 12 (AES-12), also located at Quantico. AES-12 maintained the aircraft for school pilots and also used them as a demonstration squadron for members of the United States Congress, demonstrating new rockets and bombs. While assigned to AES-12, he rose to the rank of sergeant. He had forced landings in airplanes while he was in the Marines, and while stationed at Quantico, was very sick, lying in the hospital with "a 110-degree fever."
While stationed at Quantico, George was a passenger in an aircraft flown by one of AES-12's officers The weather was clear and sunny that day when both of the engines failed at approximately above the Carolinas. Both pilots worked to get the engines restarted, dipping to an altitude of about before they succeeded. Another time, an aircraft caught fire; he had to bail out, in the first parachute jump of his life.
During the Korean War, George skippered a Marine Corps crash boat, and served as gunner aboard the type of rescue aircraft used to fly wounded out of Korea. He completed a three-year enlistment with the Marines and stayed for an additional year, before requesting an honorable discharge and returning home to Miami. He left active service on August 29, 1952.
After that, as a sergeant in the Marine Corps Reserves, he joined Marine Fighter Squadron 142 (VMF-142) of the Marine Air Reserve Training Command, Marine Corps Air Station Miami, Florida. He also served in the 4th Supply Company, in Stockton, California. Finally, he reverted to inactive reserve status and was assigned to Headquarters, 6th MCR&RD (Marine Corps Reserve and Recruiting District), Atlanta, Georgia, until completing his enlisted service and receiving a discharge on September 3, 1956.
While in the Marine Corps, his superior officers encouraged him to apply for flight school and a commission; instead, he chose to receive a discharge so he could return to school. He passed a high school equivalency exam.
During the summer of 1976, he appeared in a recruiting film made for the Marine Corps Air Reserve. On May 5, 2009, the Marine Corps flew a flag over the Iwo Jima Memorial in honor of his service in the Corps.
Military awards
George earned the Marine Corps Good Conduct Medal and the National Defense Service Medal. These awards are documented in his official military personnel file available at the National Archives and Records Administration.
University education
After completing his enlistment, George attended the University of Miami from 1953 to 1958, where he earned a Bachelor's in Business Administration degree from the school of business. He was a member of Sigma Phi Epsilon, along with his brother Nick, who also attended the University of Miami.
Non-acting jobs
George held down a variety of jobs before he began acting for a living, including working as a private investigator and as a bartender in a Miami bar. He owned and operated eateries and beer bars, one called the Dragnet Drive-In in Miami and another in Stockton, California. The inn in Stockton where he worked for five months during a break from college had been owned by his late uncle for seven years and was off-limits to Marines. He held black belts in karate and judo. He worked as a bouncer in tough restaurants and held a pilot's license.
George was hired by a friend who owned a 110-foot converted Canadian gunboat and transported cargo through the Caribbean for two years. Before graduating from the University of Miami, he had a job lined up with a big investment company; however he instead turned to acting after completing a vocational test battery that indicated that he should work in drama.
Acting career
After graduating from college, George began acting in New York City, where he performed on the stage and in television commercials. His big break came when he was working as a bouncer at a New York waterfront bar and producer Robert Rafelson convinced him to begin an acting career. He studied acting under Wynn Handman and landed roles in Off-Broadway productions of popular plays of the day. Small theater productions in which he appeared while he was studying drama included All My Sons, The Moon Is Blue, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, Stalag 17 and Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Under drama coach Wynn Handman, he landed a sixteen-week engagement in the play Mr. Roberts with actor Hugh O'Brian; parts in Shakespeare and Tennessee Williams works followed.
His career took off after he made a 60-second TV commercial for shaving cream, where he played the young man in the "Good morning, Mr. Gray" shaving spot, and won the New York Film Festival Award for best actor in a commercial. During this 1962 shaving-cream commercial, George played a groom lathering up before his first honeymoon night, with a line where he said, "It's all for you." The commercial earned him over $30,000. He also appeared in roles on the television series Naked City and Bewitched. While in New York City, George played in the Lemos Greek Repertory Theater because he could speak Greek fluently.
He first appeared on the screen when he landed a role in the film In Harm's Way (1965), playing a dying sailor for 30 seconds. This gave him his first opportunity to meet and work with John Wayne, who had been his boyhood idol and who would become a lifelong friend. He first rose to prominence playing a supporting role in the Howard Hawks-directed Western film El Dorado (1966, released in 1967), also for Paramount Pictures starring both John Wayne and Robert Mitchum in the lead roles. George and Wayne became friends while shooting the film and would co-star in additional Westerns, including Chisum (1970) and The Train Robbers (1973). George had the lead in William Castle's spy-fi Project X released in 1968.
The Rat Patrol
From 1966 to 1968 over the course of two seasons and 58 episodes, George played the lead role of Sergeant Sam Troy on The Rat Patrol. The television series followed the exploits of four Allied soldiers who were part of a long range desert patrol group in the North African campaign during World War II. Along with fellow Rat Patrol members, he appeared in the April 1967 Cherry Blossom Festival and Parade in Washington, D.C. While starring in The Rat Patrol, Chris also served as an awards presenter at the 1966 Washington, D.C. local version of the Emmy Awards, hosted at the Washington, D.C. Sheraton Park Hotel.
While filming a scene on January 4, 1967, George, as well as fellow cast members Justin Tarr and Gary Raymond, were injured when the Jeep Tarr was driving overturned on a dry lakebed at Rosamond, California as they made a tight turn. George sustained a concussion, tearing something in his neck and injuring his back. Doctors at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in California were able to determine that his back had been badly sprained, not fractured as they had initially feared.
USO Tour in 1967
George also joined actor Lawrence P. Casey on a USO tour of Vietnam, Japan and Thailand, which lasted for almost a month and which started on November 12, 1967, and went into December 1967.
During the tour of Vietnam, he visited III Corps Headquarters at Bien Hoa Army Base and used the III Corps signal switchboard to place a telephone call to his girlfriend and future wife, Lynda Day. While in Vietnam, he did not confine himself to the rear echelon, but instead pressed his escorts to allow him to go as far out into the field as they would permit; at one time, they were even pinned down by the Viet Cong.
In November 1967, the USO and the Air Force sent him and several other Hollywood celebrities to visit a military hospital in San Antonio, where military personnel returning from Vietnam with serious burns were being treated. The visit, to Brooke Army Medical Center in San Antonio, was arranged by Johnny Grant, a Hollywood radio personality who had taken troupes of performers to Vietnam; during the visit George and some of the actresses, including his future wife Lynda Day, spent over an hour with a wounded veteran who had been previously uncommunicative and got him to talk.
Post-Rat Patrol
Following the cancellation of The Rat Patrol, George played the lead role in several genre films of the 1960s, including Tiger by the Tail (1968, released in 1970) co-starring Tippi Hedren. The Devil's 8 (1969) co-starring Fabian and Mickey Spillane's The Delta Factor (1970), directed by Tay Garnett who co-wrote the film with Raoul Walsh. He narrated a documentary about the careers of Craig Breedlove and Lee Breedlove, a husband-and-wife auto racing team, The Racers: Craig and Lee Breedlove (1968).
In September 1969, he portrayed Ben Richards in the television pilot movie for The Immortal which ran on the ABC Movie of the Week. The pilot is based on the science fiction novel The Immortals, by James Gunn. The film was picked up as a television series and ran for 15 episodes from 1970 to 1971. Although the series was cancelled mid-season, episodes were rerun by ABC in the summer of 1971. It was later shown in reruns on the Syfy channel.
During this time, he played Dan August in the television film House on Greenapple Road (1970), which evolved into the television series Dan August starring Burt Reynolds. In addition, he starred in an unsold series pilot, Escape with Avery Schreiber and Huntz Hall, which ABC released in 1971 as a television movie. In it, he portrayed Robin Hood–like escapologist and nightclub owner Cameron Steele.
He continued his television work throughout the 1970s with guest roles on many popular series, including Owen Marshall: Counselor at Law, Police Story, S.W.A.T., Charlie's Angels, and Fantasy Island. In 1973, he starred opposite Jim Brown in I Escaped from Devil's Island. He also surprised fans by posing nude for Playgirl magazine in the June 1974 issue. In 1976, he played a supporting role as Lieutenant Commander Wade McClusky in the all-star World War II epic Midway. That same year, he would play the lead role of Ranger Michael Kelly in the Film Ventures International independent film Grizzly. A thinly veiled Jaws clone, the killer animal horror/thriller film became one of the most popular films of George's career, earning more than $39 million at the box office.
He followed that success with a busy string of horror, action, splatter and slasher B movies over the next seven years, including Dixie Dynamite (1976) co-starring Warren Oates; Day of the Animals (1977); City of the Living Dead (1980); Graduation Day (1981); Enter the Ninja (1981); Pieces (1982) and Mortuary (1983).
Recruiting film for the United States Marine Corps Reserve
In the summer of 1976, prior to returning to MCAS Quantico for a visit, George traveled to Andrews Air Force Base in Maryland to appear in a recruiting video for the US Marine Corps Air Reserves. This video featured Marines assigned to Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 321 just returned from their annual training tour as reservists. The commander of the unit at the time was LtCol Charles McLeran. It was filmed by the J. Walter Thompson advertising company and provided to recruiters in 1978. Archive records show that George was under contract with J. Walter Thompson for this work.
Work with his wife
George co-starred with his wife Lynda in multiple television films, including Mayday at 40,000 Feet! (1976) and Cruise Into Terror (1978). They also worked together in episodes of The F.B.I. (1970), Mission: Impossible (1971), McCloud (1975), Wonder Woman (1976), Love Boat (1977) and Vega$ (1978). In addition, George and his wife Lynda co-starred in the feature film, Day Of The Animals (1977).
One of his last film roles was a supporting role in the horror film Mortuary. Released in September 1983, it was actually filmed in 1981, more than two years prior to his death.
Personal life
George first met actress Lynda Day in New York where they were doing a fashion layout; prophetically, she was modeling the bride's outfit and he was the groom. They met again later when they starred together in the independent film The Gentle Rain (1966). They would appear in supporting roles together four years later in Chisum starring John Wayne, where they fell in love. On May 15, 1970, they were married in an Episcopal ceremony in a judge's chamber in Palm Beach, Florida. They had two children together — a daughter, Casey and a son, Nicholas.
George's niece is Wheel of Fortune hostess Vanna White. According to White, although George was not a biological relation of hers, her mother grew up with his family and, years later in Los Angeles, he and his wife took her under their wing.
Death
George died of a heart attack at age 52 in the late evening of November 28, 1983, at Westside Hospital in . After dinner at home with his wife, he felt sudden chest pains and was taken by ambulance to the hospital. He later went into cardiac arrest and was pronounced dead at 10:35 p.m., over three hours after he was admitted, while under the care and observation of his cardiologist, . His age at the time of his death was listed as 54, due to an incorrect year of birth (1929), which he listed on his military recruitment form for the U.S. Marines.
Although several sources in the last two decades cite his Rat Patrol injuries as a contributing factor to his death, George was a frequent smoker of cigars, a heavy drinker, had known heart disease and had undergone coronary bypass surgery about five years prior to his death.
A Greek Orthodox mnemósynon (Greek: μνημόσυνον) service was conducted at Westwood Memorial Park and a private funeral was held at Saint Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church in Northridge on
On May 5, 2009, the Marine Corps flew a flag over the Iwo Jima Memorial in honor of his service in the Corps.
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Christopher George biography
The Rat Patrol Classified Dossier
Review of Grizzly by Scott Weinberg
Review of City of the Living Dead by Troy Howarth
Review of The Day of the Animals by William Simmons
Independent Star News TV Week article: Christopher George- Rat Patroller Par Excellence by Marian Dern
Christopher George in Vietnam during USO tour on website for Co A44/36th Signal Bn, 1st Signal Bde Bien Hoa Army Base, Vietnam - 1967/70
Christopher George photo from Grizzly review article
A Tribute to Christopher George
Video of Christopher George in Bewitched as "George the Warlock", aired 22 April 1965
Video of Christopher George in The Love Boat as Bill Wainwright, 13 May 1978 (Season 1, Episode 24)
Video of Christopher George in Charlie's Angels episode "Terror on Skis" season 3, episode 16
After the location shooting for the film "Enter the Ninja" Christopher George shops with colleagues and Amapola in Manila, the Philippines
Aircraft Engineering Squadron-12 (AES-12) website
1931 births
1983 deaths
American male film actors
American male television actors
American people of Greek descent
Male actors from Michigan
People from Royal Oak, Michigan
Playgirl Men of the Month
United States Marines
20th-century American male actors
Burials at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery
People from Mountain Lakes, New Jersey
Male actors from Miami
Miami Senior High School alumni
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Korean War
United States Marine Corps reservists |
The following is a list of Chicago State Cougars men's basketball head coaches. There have been 14 head coaches of the Cougars in their 57-season history.
Chicago State's current head coach is Gerald Gillion. He was hired as the Cougars' head coach in July 2021, replacing Lance Irvin, who was let go after the 2020–21 season.
References
Chicago State
Chicago State Cougars men's basketball coaches |
Events in the year 1781 in Norway.
Incumbents
Monarch: Christian VII
Events
11 April - Oplandenes amt was split into two, with the western part becoming Kristians amt and the eastern part becoming Hedemarkens amt.
Arts and literature
Edvard Storm writes Zinklars vise ("Ballad of Sinclair").
Births
19 May – Lars Andreas Oftedahl, priest and politician (died 1843)
1 December – Ferdinand Carl Maria Wedel-Jarlsberg, commanding general of the Norwegian Army (died 1857)
10 December – Christian Hersleb Horneman, jurist and politician (died 1860).
Full date unknown
Palle Rømer Fleischer, politician and Minister (died 1851)
Edvard Hagerup, solicitor and politician (died 1853)
Jørgen Young, merchant and politician (died 1837)
Deaths
See also
References |
Optic Nerve may refer to:
Optic nerve, the anatomical structure
Optic Nerve (GCHQ), a mass surveillance program run by the British intelligence agency GCHQ
Optic Nerve (comics), a comic book series
Optic Nerve (CD-ROM), a Red Hot Benefit Series tribute to David Wojnarowicz
Optic Nerve Studios, a special make-up effects studio run by Glenn Hetrick |
```python
"""Determination of spline kernel weights (adapted from SciPy)
See more verbose comments for each case there:
path_to_url#L7 # NOQA
``spline_weights_inline`` is a dict where the key is the spline order and the
value is the spline weight initialization code.
"""
spline_weights_inline = {}
# Note: This order = 1 case is currently unused (order = 1 has a different code
# path in _interp_kernels.py). I think that existing code is a bit more
# efficient.
spline_weights_inline[1] = '''
wx = c_{j} - floor({order} & 1 ? c_{j} : c_{j} + 0.5);
weights_{j}[0] = 1.0 - wx;
weights_{j}[1] = wx;
'''
spline_weights_inline[2] = '''
wx = c_{j} - floor({order} & 1 ? c_{j} : c_{j} + 0.5);
weights_{j}[1] = 0.75 - wx * wx;
wy = 0.5 - wx;
weights_{j}[0] = 0.5 * wy * wy;
weights_{j}[2] = 1.0 - weights_{j}[0] - weights_{j}[1];
'''
spline_weights_inline[3] = '''
wx = c_{j} - floor({order} & 1 ? c_{j} : c_{j} + 0.5);
wy = 1.0 - wx;
weights_{j}[1] = (wx * wx * (wx - 2.0) * 3.0 + 4.0) / 6.0;
weights_{j}[2] = (wy * wy * (wy - 2.0) * 3.0 + 4.0) / 6.0;
weights_{j}[0] = wy * wy * wy / 6.0;
weights_{j}[3] = 1.0 - weights_{j}[0] - weights_{j}[1] - weights_{j}[2];
'''
spline_weights_inline[4] = '''
wx = c_{j} - floor({order} & 1 ? c_{j} : c_{j} + 0.5);
wy = wx * wx;
weights_{j}[2] = wy * (wy * 0.25 - 0.625) + 115.0 / 192.0;
wy = 1.0 + wx;
weights_{j}[1] = wy * (wy * (wy * (5.0 - wy) / 6.0 - 1.25) + 5.0 / 24.0) +
55.0 / 96.0;
wy = 1.0 - wx;
weights_{j}[3] = wy * (wy * (wy * (5.0 - wy) / 6.0 - 1.25) + 5.0 / 24.0) +
55.0 / 96.0;
wy = 0.5 - wx;
wy = wy * wy;
weights_{j}[0] = wy * wy / 24.0;
weights_{j}[4] = 1.0 - weights_{j}[0] - weights_{j}[1]
- weights_{j}[2] - weights_{j}[3];
'''
spline_weights_inline[5] = '''
wx = c_{j} - floor({order} & 1 ? c_{j} : c_{j} + 0.5);
wy = wx * wx;
weights_{j}[2] = wy * (wy * (0.25 - wx / 12.0) - 0.5) + 0.55;
wy = 1.0 - wx;
wy = wy * wy;
weights_{j}[3] = wy * (wy * (0.25 - (1.0 - wx) / 12.0) - 0.5) + 0.55;
wy = wx + 1.0;
weights_{j}[1] = wy * (wy * (wy * (wy * (wy / 24.0 - 0.375) + 1.25) - 1.75)
+ 0.625) + 0.425;
wy = 2.0 - wx;
weights_{j}[4] = wy * (wy * (wy * (wy * (wy / 24.0 - 0.375) + 1.25) - 1.75)
+ 0.625) + 0.425;
wy = 1.0 - wx;
wy = wy * wy;
weights_{j}[0] = (1.0 - wx) * wy * wy / 120.0;
weights_{j}[5] = 1.0 - weights_{j}[0] - weights_{j}[1] - weights_{j}[2]
- weights_{j}[3] - weights_{j}[4];
'''
``` |
Goodachari () is a 2018 Indian Telugu-language action spy thriller film directed by Sashi Kiran Tikka. The film stars Adivi Sesh, Sobhita Dhulipala, Jagapathi Babu, and Prakash Raj, with Supriya Yarlagadda, Vennela Kishore, Anish Kuruvilla, Rakesh Varre, and Madhu Shalini in supporting roles. The film features music composed by Sricharan Pakala, cinematography by Shaneil Deo and editing by Garry BH.
The film was released on 3 August 2018. Sesh, Tikka and Rahul Pakala won the Best Screenplay at Zee Cine Awards Telugu. The film is considered one of the "25 Greatest Telugu Films Of The Decade" by Film Companion. The sequel, G2, is under development.
Plot
Gopi's father Raghuveer is killed during a classified mission as a RAW field operative. His uncle Sathya, who is also a RAW agent, fakes his and Gopi's death and raises Gopi as Arjun Kumar, who dreams of joining RAW and serving the country but gets no response even after sending 174 applications. In the 175th application, Arjun mentions his father's name and gets recruited by the RAW's secret weapon Trinetra. At first, Sathya does not accept Arjun's decision for fear of losing him, but Arjun tells about his passion for serving the nation like Raghuveer, and Sathya relents. Later, Trinetra's chief Damodar briefs his recruits about Al-Mujahideen, a terrorist outfit based in several countries, and its leader called Rana, whose identity remains unknown despite several attempts. Meanwhile, Arjun starts dating Dr. Sameera Rao, an M.A. psychology graduate from Harvard University, and the girl-next-door. Sameera introduces her uncle as her father during one of their meetings and confesses that her parents died in an accident, and she now considers her uncle as her father. Seeing how he is in a similar situation, Arjun reveals his true identity as Gopi to Sameera.
Meanwhile, it is revealed that Al-Mujahideen knows all about Trinetra. They implemented an operation Mission Gopi. Arjun notices an Al-Mujahideen member, Hamza, near the Trinetra office and follows him. After some chase and struggle, he obtains a clue 1112 from the agent. Trinetra assumes that it is an attack plan on 11 December, but cannot find the target of this attack, so they keep a close watch. During graduation, Acharya, a senior official and founder of Trinetra, attends as a chief guest of the ceremony. Sameera suggests that Arjun present a Jameson Irish Whiskey bottle to Damodar. At graduation, all recruits get their postings: Mohammad Basha is selected for primary security detail, including escorting Acharya. Leena Rajan is assigned to the reconnaissance team in Dhaka through the Indian embassy. Arjun gets selected as a top spy as he achieved the training without any weakness. He is presented with a Trinetra agency number 116 as a covert operative. His primary job is to infiltrate, recon, sabotage, and assassinate, all behind the enemy lines. RAW would disavow him if he gets caught. He is assisted by his former trainers Nadia Qureshi, who oversees the operations, and Shaam, her trusted aid and technical lead.
After the inauguration and reaching home, Arjun realizes he misinterpreted the clue (the code is reverse—The code is 12 November, not 11 December), that fateful day is the graduation day, and that Acharya himself is the target. Arjun tries to warn Basha, but the convoy gets attacked where Basha and Acharya are killed while the assailants flee. At the same time in the Trinetra office, Damodar sips the whiskey, which was presented by Arjun, and has a conversation with Sathya, who happens to be his friend. Suddenly, Damodar starts choking where he collapses down and dies, revealing that the whisky is poisoned. Arjun learns from the news that he has been framed as the kingpin of the attack, and the PMO issues an arrest warrant against him. Simultaneously, Arjun gets attacked by the Al-Mujahideen members, and Sameera dies in that attack. Arjun manages to defeat and escape from the commandos, and he leaves for Rajahmundry to meet Sathya. They both deduce that there is a mole in Trinetra. Arjun decides to investigate Rana and the mole's identities. Based on clues, he leaves for Visakhapatnam.
Meanwhile, Nadia and Shaam are appointed to catch Arjun. In a media primetime watch, a reporter shows that Arjun is in Rajahmundry on their channel. Shaam travels to Rajahmundry to trace Arjun. Meanwhile, through a phone call received by Nadia on Arjun's phone, she learns that he has a personal locker in a private bank in the name of Gopi. Nadia opens the locker and finds out about Arjun's past. Rana makes a plan to nab Arjun through his spy Khan. Khan sees Arjun in a market and chases him, but Arjun manages to escape from him successfully and reaches the Visakhapatnam airport to escape, but the local police are searching for him at the airport. Arjun finds Sameera's uncle and confronts him, but Sameera's uncle commits suicide by consuming cyanide. When checking the purse, Arjun finds out Sameera's real identity (Sameera Sheikh). She is a psychology graduate at Harvard who belongs to Chittagong, Bangladesh. With the help of Sathya, he understands that Sameera was also a member of Al-Mujahideen and that he was completely trapped by them. He escapes successfully from the local police, reaches Chittagong via sea route, and meets his colleague Leena. Leena believes Arjun is innocent and helps him find the truth.
With a minor clue, Shaam finds out about Sathya's hideout and informs Nadia. At the same time, in Chittagong, Leena and Arjun find out about Sameera's psychology clinic. Leena asks everyone about Sameera as her friend, which is noticed by the sleeper cells. They follow Leena and attack her, but Arjun rescues her and infiltrates the headquarters of Al-Mujahideen with Leena's help and finds some DVDs in the hideout. Leena is attacked by Khan and severely injured. Arjun rescues her again and kills Khan, where he destroys Al-Mujahideen's headquarters. Arjun finds the training videos of the terrorists and propaganda in a secret locker at the camp. In a video shop, he watches all the old CDs which he has found in the hideout. All the CDs mentioned about Al-Mujahideen show how they brainwashed people into becoming terrorists in the training, and it reveals Al-Mujahideen chief Rana's face. Arjun is shocked and calls Sathya and asks about Raghuveer. Sathya reveals that Rana is none other than Raghuveer, who is Sathya's former friend, his brother-in-law, ex-Trinetra and RAW agent, and Arjun's father.
Past: 20 years ago in Sikkim, Sathya had received information about a Trinetra agent who was working as a covert to Al-Mujahideen. To find out about him, Sathya arrived with his team to catch them and noticed Raghuveer giving all the details of Trinetra agents and their offices. Sathya's colleague Vijay became enraged and started firing on them. In the ensuing shootout, Raghuveer and Sathya remain, where Raghuveer tried to kill the wounded Sathya but was shot from the backside by Vijay before he died. Later, Sathya shoots Raghuveer to death. Raghuveer then jumped into the river, and Sathya thought he was dead and the information which has leaked by him to the terrorists. Sathya informed to shut down the entire Trinetra agency and did not reveal to anyone that Raghuveer is Rana as he feared that Al-Mujahideen members might try to take Gopi. To save his nephew, he resigned from RAW, started a secret life with Gopi, changed their identities, moved to Rajahmundry, and became Gopi's father to the world. To divert Al-Mujahideen, Sathya created a fake news that they both died in a car accident. Later, Trinetra was completely shut down from that day onwards and was relaunched by the RAW in 2008.
Present: After hearing this, Arjun confesses that Raghuveer is alive. Rana barges into Sathya's hideout and instructs Arjun to arrive at his secret base. Arjun reaches the base. Rana reveals that he acted as an Indian spy to spy on RAW but felt dejected after hearing about his son's death. He learns that Arjun is alive through the RAW application form. Rana announces that he has his members in Trinetra too and decided to kill all the people who are responsible for hiding his son and decided to bring his son back permanently. He reveals that everything was set up by him until now. In the beginning, he uses Sameera to act as Arjun's girlfriend to get information on Gopi and Sathya, but she changed her mind and started liking Arjun. According to his plan, he tried to kill Sathya, Damodar, and Acharya at the same time. However, Sameera managed to resist Sathya for a visit, and she did not inject anesthesia to Arjun or else he can kidnap him and killed all of them in one shot, but it could not have been possible. Thus, Rana killed her and shifted to PLAN-B. According to that, Arjun wants to search for Raghuveer by himself and played all the tricks to find for himself.
Raghuveer points his gun at Sathya and orders Arjun to come with him. Arjun reveals that Trinetra is watching everything, and the soldiers arrive to attack the Al-Mujahideen forces. After the attack, Rana escapes with Sathya, followed by Arjun. After a rough chase, The wounded Rana again points his gun at Sathya to force Arjun to come with him. Arjun remembers Damodar's words: "Achieving strength without any weakness you need to cross all of your weaknesses....you said your father is your strength but I consider your father is your weakness if you want to be strengthen you need to cross your father". Gopi then shoots Rana to death. A week later, Arjun reveals to Shaam that Basha confessed his conversation with Arjun to Nadia before his death. Then, she tracked Arjun's phone and found Sathya's number. Sathya warns Nadia about the mole in Trinetra. Nadia had helped Arjun through Leena secretly. Finally, Arjun confesses that he found the mole in Trinetra and the culprit is going to die in a few minutes. Arjun reveals that Shaam is the culprit as he observed in the DVDs (with the kids who are brainwashed) where the boy (who is getting trained in the terrorist camp) reveals his name as Shaam. Arjun also reveals that Shaam was the one who killed Sameera on the orders of Rana and also poisoned the whiskey which Arjun gave to Damodar. Shaam raises his gun to shoot Arjun, but Arjun reminds him that Trinetra is always watching. The Trinetra commandos shoot Shaam to death.
Later, Arjun decided to leave Trinetra, but Nadia reminds Arjun of Acharya's words about responsibilities towards the nation and makes him confident. Nadia hands a letter to Arjun, which she had found in his bank locker written by Sameera. In the letter, Sameera apologizes for not disclosing her identity and shares her feelings with him. In the mid-credits scene, Arjun alias Agent Gopi 116 is seen reporting to Nadia and continuing his mission in Russia as a Goodachari (Spy).
Cast
Production
In 2017, debutant director Sashi Kiran Tikka announced that he would be making a film with actor Adivi Sesh in the lead role with Sricharan Pakala as the music composer. Sesh stated that Gudachari 116 (1966) starring Krishna was the inspiration behind the film. Sesh approached Krishna for a cameo role in the film, however, Krishna turned it down but gave Sesh permission to re-use clips from his old films. Sesh plays Agent Gopi with the code number 116 as a tribute to the film Gudachari 116.
The first-look poster of the film was released on 13 January 2018 coinciding with Sankranthi festival.
Soundtrack
The soundtrack of Goodachari consists of seven songs, all of which were composed by Sricharan Pakala.
Reception
Critical reception
The Times of India gave the film 4/5 stars and wrote, "Goodachari proves what Tollywood can do, if only it makes different choices and dreams big. Filled with edge-of-the-seat moments and riveting twists, this one is the perfect popcorn entertainer." GreatAndhra gave it a rating of 3/5 and wrote, "'Goodachari' is a well-made spy thriller with right mix of suspense, action, and emotion." The Hindustan Times gave it 3/5 stars and wrote, "However, away from these obvious set-ups and spoon-fed moments, there is magic in this film." The Hindu wrote, "This coming-of-age story of a spy is a winner," and praised it for its racy screenplay.
Idlebrain.com's Jeevi gave it 3.25/5 stars and wrote, "Making a spy film in Telugu and making sure that it doesn't look pretentious is an achievement. With movie lovers having access to digital platforms and with all spy films (James Bond series, Kingsman, Mission Impossible, etc. in general and Paramanu, Raazi, etc. in particular) being available at no cost, it takes a lot of guts and ability for makers to select spy genre for a regional film. There are budget constraints too. The team has delivered a genuine spy action film that is engaging and which can stand on its own without drawing any comparisons with any other Hollywood film. Goodachari is different, yet commercial. You may watch it!" The News Minute praised it for its originality and said that it didn't run out of ideas. They wrote, "Goodachari is a movie that gives its audience its money's worth, and shows how we have not used up all possible roles where a veteran like Prakash Raj can add value!"
123telugu gave it 3.5/5 stars and said, "If Adivi Sesh's Kshanam gave a new edge to the thriller genre, Goodachari is a notch higher and showcases that there are makers in Tollywood who can dream big and make films on an international level. Goodachari is filled with edge-of-the-seat moments and riveting thrills which will keep you entertained. As the film is made on a compact budget, it will make merry at the box office because of its universal appeal. If you ignore the slightly slow second half, you can happily enjoy this popcorn thriller which is filled with ample twists and turns." Indiaglitz gave it 3.25/5 stars, saying that "'Goodachari' has the right mix: underplayed heroism, saleable emotions, thrilling twists, technical finesse, clap-worthy dialogue. Besides, it has got some of the coolest performances."
Box office
The film grossed 25 crore in its first weekend.
Home Media
The film satellite and digital rights are bagged by Star Maa and Amazon Prime Video.
Sequel
In December 2018, Sesh confirmed the film's sequel titled Goodachari 2, to be directed by debutant Rahul Pakala. The sequel was delayed by COVID-19 pandemic and in April 2020, Sesh confirmed writing script for Goodachari 2. In June 2022, Sesh stated that script work is yet to be finished. He also confirmed that the sequel would be a continuation of the first part. The sequel, G2, was officially announced on 29 December 2022. It will be directed by Vinay Kumar Sirigineedi, the editor of ''Major and produced by TG Vishwa Prasad and Abhishek Agarwal.
References
External links
2010s Telugu-language films
2018 films
2018 action thriller films
2010s spy thriller films
Indian spy thriller films
Muay Thai films
Kung fu films
Films shot in Himachal Pradesh
Films scored by Sricharan Pakala
Films shot in India
Films set in Bangladesh
Films set in Afghanistan
Films about Islamic terrorism in India
Indian action thriller films
Indian nonlinear narrative films
Indian Army in films
Indian avant-garde and experimental films
Films about the Research and Analysis Wing
Girls with guns films
2010s avant-garde and experimental films
Films set in Andhra Pradesh
Films shot in Andhra Pradesh
Films shot in Rajahmundry
Films shot in Visakhapatnam
Films set in Visakhapatnam
Films set in Rajahmundry
Films shot in Chittagong Division |
Lattice confinement fusion (LCF) is a type of nuclear fusion in which deuteron-saturated metals are exposed to gamma radiation or ion beams, such as in an IEC fusor, avoiding the confined high-temperature gasses used in other methods of fusion.
History
In 2020, a team of NASA researchers seeking a new energy source for deep-space exploration missions published the first paper describing a method for triggering nuclear fusion in the space between the atoms of a metal solid, an example of screened fusion. The experiments did not produce self-sustaining reactions, and the electron source itself was energetically expensive.
Technique
The reaction is fueled with deuterium, a widely available non-radioactive hydrogen isotope composed of one proton, one neutron, and one electron. The deuterium is confined in the space between the atoms of a metal solid such as erbium or titanium. Erbium can indefinitely maintain 1023 cm−3 deuterium atoms (deuterons) at room temperature. The deuteron-saturated metal forms an overall neutral plasma. The electron density of the metal reduces the likelihood that two deuterium nuclei will repel each other as they get closer together.
A dynamitron electron-beam accelerator generates an electron beam that hits a tantalum target and produces gamma rays, irradiating titanium deuteride or erbium deuteride. A gamma ray of about 2.2 megaelectron volts (MeV) strikes a deuteron and splits it into proton and neutron. The neutron collides with another deuteron. This second, energetic deuteron can experience screened fusion or a stripping reaction.
Although the lattice is notionally at room temperature, LCF creates an energetic environment inside the lattice where individual atoms achieve fusion-level energies. Heated regions are created at the micrometer scale.
Screened fusion
The energetic deuteron fuses with another deuteron, yielding either a 3helium nucleus and a neutron or a 3hydrogen nucleus and a proton. These fusion products may fuse with other deuterons, creating an alpha particle, or with another 3helium or 3hydrogen nucleus. Each releases energy, continuing the process.
Stripping reaction
In a stripping reaction, the metal strips a neutron from accelerated deuteron and fuses it with the metal, yielding a different isotope of the metal. If the produced metal isotope is radioactive, it may decay into another element, releasing energy in the form of ionizing radiation in the process.
Palladium-silver
A related technique pumps deuterium gas through the wall of a palladium-silver alloy tubing. The palladium is electrolytically loaded with deuterium. In some experiments this produces fast neutrons that trigger further reactions. Other experimenters (Fralick et al) also made claims of anomalous heat produced by this system.
Comparison to other fusion techniques
Pyroelectric fusion has previously been observed in erbium hydrides. A high-energy beam of deuterium ions generated by pyroelectric crystals was directed at a stationary, room-temperature or target, and fusion was observed.
In previous fusion research, such as inertial confinement fusion (ICF), fuel such as the rarer tritium is subjected to high pressure for a nano-second interval, triggering fusion. In magnetic confinement fusion (MCF), the fuel is heated in a plasma to temperatures much higher than those at the center of the Sun. In LCF, conditions sufficient for fusion are created in a metal lattice that is held at ambient temperature during exposure to high-energy photons. ICF devices momentarily reach densities of 1026 cc−1, while MCF devices momentarily achieve 1014.
Lattice confinement fusion requires energetic deuterons and is therefore not cold fusion.
Lattice confinement fusion is used as a method to increase the cathode fuel density of inertial electrostatic fusion devices such as a Farnsworth-Hirsch fusor. This increases the probability of fusion events occurring and therefore the radiation output produced. In applications where fusors are used as X-ray, neutron, or proton radiation source, lattice confinement fusion improves the energy efficiency of the device.
See also
Inertial confinement fusion
Magnetized target fusion
Pyroelectric fusion
Inertial electrostatic confinement
References
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fusion reactions
NASA research centers
Space exploration |
Klaus Dibiasi (born 6 October 1947) is a former diver from Italy, who competed in four consecutive Summer Olympics for his country, starting in 1964. He dominated the platform event from the late 1960s to the mid-1970s, winning a total number of three Olympic gold medals.
Biography
Dibiasi won a silver medal in platform diving at the 1964 Summer Olympics, and went on to win gold in the same event at the next three Games (1968, 1972, and 1976). Dibiasi is the only Olympic diver to have won three successive gold medals, and he is the only diver to have won medals at four Summer Olympics. (Greg Louganis, who won silver at his first Olympics in 1976, was prevented from attempting to replicate either feat by the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott.) A silver in the springboard in 1968 gave him a record total of five Olympic medals. He also excelled at the first two FINA World Aquatic Championships (1973 and 1975), winning four medals. Nationally Dibiasi won 11 platform and 7 springboard titles.
Dibiasi was born in Solbad Hall, Austria, from Italian parents who returned to Italy when he was a child. He was the first Italian to become an Olympic champion in a diving event. Dibiasi was coached by his father, Carlo, a former Italian champion (1933–1936) and a competitor at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, who finished 10th on the platform. Klaus Dibiasi also later coached the Italian diving team.
Awards
See also
List of members of the International Swimming Hall of Fame
List of multiple Olympic gold medalists
List of multiple Olympic gold medalists in one event
List of multiple Olympic medalists in one event
List of flag bearers for Italy at the Olympics
Italian men gold medalist at the Olympics and World Championships
References
External links
1947 births
Living people
Italian male divers
Olympic divers for Italy
Olympic gold medalists for Italy
Olympic silver medalists for Italy
Divers at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Divers at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Divers at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Divers at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Olympic medalists in diving
Medalists at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
World Aquatics Championships medalists in diving
European Aquatics Championships medalists in diving
Universiade medalists in diving
FISU World University Games gold medalists for Italy
Medalists at the 1970 Summer Universiade
20th-century Italian people
21st-century Italian people |
Giridih district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state, India, and Giridih is the administrative headquarters of this district. As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Jharkhand (out of 24), after Ranchi and Dhanbad.
History
Giridh district was a part of Kharagdiha estate till late 18th century. During the British Raj Giridih became a part of Jungle Terry. After Kol Uprising in 1831, the parganas of Ramgarh, Kharagdiha, Kendi and Kunda became parts of the South-West Frontier Agency and were formed into a division named Hazaribag as the administrative headquarters. The Kharagdiha Rajas were settled as Rajas of Raj Dhanwar in 1809, and the Kharagdiha gadis were separately settled as zamindari estates. Some of the notable Kharagdiha Zamindari estates were Koderma, Gadi Palganj, Ledo Gadi, Gande Gadi, Ghoranji Gadi and Gadi Sirsia.
Giridih district was created on 6 December 1972 by carving some parts of Hazaribagh district. In 1999 part of it became Bokaro district.
It is currently a part of the Red Corridor. The 15,000-capacity football and cricket stadium named Giridih Stadium is the largest sports venue by capacity in the region. It is located in the town of Mahthadih.
Geography
The district, covering an area of around 4854 km², is bounded on the north by Jamui district and Nawada district of Bihar state, on the east by the districts of Deoghar and Jamtara, on the south by Dhanbad and Bokaro, and on the west by Hazaribagh and Koderma districts.
Giridih has an average elevation of 289 metres (948 feet). Śrī Sammeta Shikharji also known as the Parasnath Hills,it is one of the holiest place of Jainism, located in Giridih is the highest mountain peak in Jharkhand. It is a conical granite peak located 4,477 feet (1,382 metres) above the sea level.
Gawan and Tisari blocks of the district have several mica mines, and coal is found abundantly at several places throughout the district.
Parasnath Hills are located in the district. There are two major rivers, namely, the Barakar River and the Sakri River. Barakar River passes through Birni and Pirtand blocks. Sakari river drains the areas of Deori and Gawan blocks. There are several smaller rivers, including Usri, with a major tourist attraction - Usri Falls.
Administration
Blocks
Giridih district comprises the following 13 blocks:
Subdivisions
Following are the four subdivision of the district:
Giridih subdivision
Bagodar-Sariya subdivision
Khorimahua subdivision
Dumri subdivision
Economy
In 2006 the Indian government named Giridh one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). It is one of the 21 districts in Jharkhand currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).
The DDP of Giridih District is ₹1,97,771(2003-04) and Income Per Capita is ₹9921(2003-04).
Divisions
There are six Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) constituencies in this district. Dhanwar, Bagodar, Jamua and Gandey assembly constituencies are part of Kodarma constituency. Giridih and Dumri assembly constituencies are part of Giridih constituency.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census Giridih district has a population of 2,445,474 roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait or the US state of New Mexico. This gives it a ranking of 182nd in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 28.33%. Giridih has a sex ratio of 943 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 63.14%. 8.51% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 13.31% and 9.74% of the population respectively.
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 68.71% of the population in the district spoke Khortha, 13.55% Hindi, 8.99% Santali and 7.47% Urdu as their first language.
Khortha, a blend of Magahi and Bengali, is the main language spoken in Giridih district. The tribal people speak Santhali.
Flora and fauna
The district has rich forest resources and have several jungles of sal trees and bamboos, and a variety of other indigenous trees. Among other common trees are bamboo, semal, Mahua, palash, kusum, kend, Asian pear and bhelwa. Parasnath hills have a number of plants having medicinal use. Leopards, bears, jackals, wild pigs, and hares are the wild animals found in certain parts of the district which have thick forests.
Politics
|}
Tourism
References
External links
Official government website
Community development blocks in Jharkhand
Community development blocks in Giridih district
Districts of Jharkhand
Coal mining districts in India
1972 establishments in Bihar |
Houshang Rafati was an Iranian basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
References
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Iranian men's basketball players
Olympic basketball players for Iran
Basketball players at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing |
The Melbourne Cup is a prestigious greyhound race in Australia. The Cup is the final event of the three-week Superdogs series which carries over $1 million in total prize money. The Cup is run over at Sandown Park in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia in November.
In 2016, the Cup had total prize money of 600,000.
History
In 1956, the first Cup was staged at Sandown Park on the grass track over 565 yards under handicap condition and was worth £500 to the winner. In 1962, the Cup was won by Saskagay, the first bitch to win the race. The prize money was £2000. In 1966, handicap conditions were eliminated. Cheltenham Lass won after finishing second in 1965. In 1967, Neville Ballinger trained the Cup quinella with Swan Opal and Dollar Hunter. In 1970, Chris Dandy won for trainer Alex Kay, the fourth consecutive winner from New South Wales.
In 1978, actor Robert Stack presented the trophy and in 1979, actor Elke Sommer presented the trophy. In 1980, a silver Mercedes-Benz was given away to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the cup. The presenter was golfer Greg Norman. In 1985 with only a small kennel of four greyhounds, the Hall of Famer Ned Bryant trained the quinella with the Brian Lenehan owned Sydney Dingaan defeating Shining Chariot.
In 1992, Schweppes became the Cup sponsor and Master Giant the winner. In 2006, Betty's Angel completed the Group 1 ADVANCE Sapphire Crown – Schweppes Melbourne Cup double, setting a new race record of 29.51. In 2011, Dyna Tron in a race record 29.21 seconds. In 2020, Hard Style Rico became the first greyhound to break 29 seconds in a final when winning the final in 28.91.
Past winners
Conditions
The final of the Melbourne Cup involves the winners of eight heats conducted the previous week. In order for a greyhound to qualify for the heats, it must win an 'exemption race' - a Group 1 sprint race, a Victorian country cup (except the Healesville Cup) or a group race at Sandown Park 515m - in the 12 months preceding the Melbourne Cup final.
The previous year's Melbourne Cup winner and all finalists in the 'Shootout,' a four-dog winner-takes-all event the week prior to the Melbourne Cup heats, also qualify for the Melbourne Cup heats, as do the winners of a Melbourne Cup Prelude. Melbourne Cup Preludes were first conducted in 1995.
Melbourne Cup Preludes are conducted every two weeks, with the final Prelude series conducted on the same night as the Shootout. Remaining places in the Melbourne Cup heats are awarded to the best performed greyhounds that have competed in at least one Melbourne Cup Prelude series.
Prize money
Melbourne Cup Prize money has grown considerably since the first running of the Cup in 1956. The Melbourne Cup winner also collects a gold trophy and presentation rug.
1956 £500
1964 $1000
1971 $8000
1975 $11,500
1978 $35,000
1990 $40,000
1991 $50,000
1994 $55,000
1995 $80,000
1996 $100,000
2002 $140,000
2005 $150,000
2008 $175,000
2011 $200,000
2012 $350,000
2014 $420,000
2018 $435,000
Most wins by trainers
Three-time winners:
Graeme Bate: Satan's Shroud (1981), Fair Sentence (1989), Kantarn Bale (1999)
Darren McDonald: Hallucinate (2004), Shanlyn Prince (2007), Surgeon (2008)
Jason Thompson: Light Of Fire (1994), Got A Moment (2012), Black Magic Opal (2013)
Race Records
Fastest time - 28.909 (track record) by Hard Style Rico, 2020
Biggest margin - 9 lengths (Fox Hunt, 1991)
Smallest margin - Nose (Whiskey Riot, 2019)
Longest priced winner - Classic Capri, $25.90 (2001)
Shortest priced winner - Gold Grotto, 2/1 on ($1.50) (1972)
See also
Greyhound racing in Australia
References
Greyhound racing competitions in Australia
Sports competitions in Melbourne
Greyhound racing in Australia |
The 2009 Paraguayan Primera División season (officially the 2009 Copa TIGO for sponsorship reasons) is the 75th season of top-flight professional football in Paraguay. It is the second season in which a champion will be crowned for each tournament.
Teams
Torneo Apertura
The Campeonato de Apertura, also the Torneo TIGO Apertura for sponsorship reasons, is the first championship of the season. It began on February 14 and ended on July 5. The championship is officially called the Centenario del Club Sol de América to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the foundation of Club Sol de América.
Torneo Clausura
The Campeonato de Clausura, also the Torneo Tigo Clausura for sponsorship reasons, is the second championship of the season. It began on July 25 and end on December 13. The championship is officially called the Campeones de América – 1953 to commemorate the Paraguayan national team's 1953 South American Championship title.
International qualification
The two tournament champions earn the Paraguay 1 and Paraguay 2 berths in the Second Stage of the 2010 Copa Libertadores. All remaining international qualification will be determined through a season-wide aggregate table. The Paraguay 3 in the 2010 Copa Libertadores berth goes to the best-placed non-champion. For the 2010 Copa Sudamericana, the Paraguay 1 berth goes to the highest placed champion. Paraguay 2 and Paraguay 3 will go to the highest placed teams who have not qualified to an international tournament.
Relegation
Relegations is determined at the end of the season by computing an average () of the number of points earned per game over the past three seasons. The team with the lowest average is relegated to the División Intermedia for the following season. The next lowest team plays a relegation/promotion playoff match against the 2009 División Intermedia runner-up.
Updated as of December 13, 2009.Source: APF
Relegation/promotion playoff
The relegation/promotion playoff was contested over two legs. The team who earned the most points over two legs was promoted— or remained —in the Primera División. Should there be a tie in points, goal difference was taken into account, followed a penalty shootout if needed. Sport Colombia played at home during the second leg.
See also
2009 in Paraguayan football
List of transfers of the Primera División Paraguaya 2009
External links
APF's official website
Season rules
2009 season on RSSSF
Paraguay
Paraguayan Primera División seasons
1 |
Noble outlaw may refer to:
Ishikawa Goemon, semi-legendary outlaw of the Japanese Sengoku period
Robin Hood, legendary outlaw of Sherwood Forest in medieval England
See also
Folk hero
Outlaw
Outlaws |
"Sun Is Shining" is a song by Swedish dance music duo Axwell & Ingrosso. The song was released in Sweden on 12 June 2015 as the fourth single from their debut studio album More Than You Know. The song was written by Sebastian Ingrosso, Salem Al Fakir, Axel Hedfors and Vincent Pontare. The song peaked at number 1 on the Swedish Singles Chart. The song features uncredited vocals from Al Fakir.
Music video
A music video to accompany the release of "Sun Is Shining" was first released onto YouTube on 12 June 2015 at a total length of four minutes and ten seconds.
The video was shot in Antwerp, Belgium. It shows people finding notes with the song's lyrics written on them, which are revealed to have been created by Axwell and Ingrosso themselves, who also spread the notes across the city by throwing them off roofs of buildings. At the end of the video a vortex sweeps all the notes into the shape of the duo's logo. As of February 2021, it has received more than 138 million views.
Track listing
Commercial usage
The song was used in a 2015 summer swimwear commercial for Swedish clothing company H&M which featured models Adriana Lima, Doutzen Kroes, Natasha Poly, and Joan Smalls.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
Release history
References
External links
2014 songs
2015 singles
Songs written by Axwell
Songs written by Sebastian Ingrosso
Songs written by Vincent Pontare
Songs written by Salem Al Fakir
Number-one singles in Sweden
Axwell & Ingrosso songs |
was a Japanese orchestra conductor. He premiered many of the major Western operas in Japan, and was honoured with many awards for cultural achievement. He was best known for conducting works by German composers such as Richard Wagner, Anton Bruckner, Gustav Mahler, and Richard Strauss.
Biography
Wakasugi was born in Tokyo. His father, Kaname, served as the Japanese Consul-General in New York City, assisting Ambassador Kichisaburo Nomura. In his teenage years Wakasugi worked as a répétiteur for the Tokyo Nikikai Opera. Nevertheless, he attended the Faculty of Economics at Keio University, but soon dropped out to study music with Hideo Saito and Nobori Kaneko at the Tokyo University of the Arts. After graduation he was appointed researching conductor of the NHK Symphony Orchestra. From 1965 he led and developed the Yomiuri Nippon Symphony Orchestra, now one of the leading orchestras in Japan. For leading the Japanese premiere of Penderecki's St. Luke Passion, Wakasugi was awarded the National Arts Festival Prize by the Agency for Cultural Affairs in 1968. He established the Tokyo Chamber Opera Theatre in 1969 and remained its artistic director for the rest of his life.
Besides leading many international orchestras, Wakasugi was principal conductor of the Cologne Radio Symphony Orchestra from 1977 to 1983, and general music director of the Deutsche Oper am Rhein, Düsseldorf from 1981 to 1986. He was artistic director and principal conductor of the Tonhalle-Orchester Zürich in Switzerland from 1987 to 1991. From 1982 to 1991, he was also a permanent conductor at the Semperoper Dresden and Sächsische Staatskapelle Dresden. Wakasugi was chosen to be the former's next music director, but the reunification of Germany and the unraveling of the East German theatre system derailed this appointment.
He was music director (1986–1995) and principal conductor (1987–1995) of the Tokyo Metropolitan Symphony Orchestra. In spring 1995 he was appointed a permanent conductor of the NHK Symphony Orchestra.
In 2005 he was first named artistic consultant to the opera division of the New National Theatre Tokyo, then two years later its artistic director in September 2007. During his tenure there he led the Japanese premiere of Bernd Alois Zimmermann's Die Soldaten a few months before his death. In his final years he was also the artistic director of Biwako Opera Theatre.
Aside from performing, Wakasugi also held a professorship at Tokyo National University of the Arts and Toho Gakuen School of Music. He was a member of the Japan Art Academy.
Wakasugi was a recipient of the 1986 Suntory Music Award.
He died in Tokyo on July 21, 2009, from multiple organ failure.
External links
Künstlersekretariat Schoerke (Artist Management) biography
Tokyo Concerts biography
Interview (2005)
New National Theatre, Tokyo
References
1935 births
2009 deaths
20th-century conductors (music)
20th-century Japanese male musicians
Academic staff of Toho Gakuen School of Music
Japanese classical musicians
Japanese male conductors (music) |
The Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCCI; ) is a business chamber located in Singapore.
The chamber was originally created to protect and promote the commercial interests of the Chinese community in Singapore, but it also played a role in the social, cultural and educational spheres to protect Chinese customs and values. It has raised funds to build schools and provided assistance to the community in times of crisis.
The organization has a membership of more than 4,000 companies and over 150 trade associations in Singapore as of 2016.
History
The Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCCI) was first established in 1906 as the General Chinese Trade Affairs Association by prominent members of the Chinese community. Its original purpose was to look after the trading interests of the Chinese business community, resolve and mitigate differences among the different clans and champion the Chinese community in Singapore. The first president was Goh Siew Tin.
In 1912, it was renamed as Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce when the Republic of China was formed.
In 1951, the chamber lobbied the British colonial government to grant citizenship to Chinese immigrants who had stayed in Singapore for eight years and in 1957, the government approved the proposal.
In February 1962, remains belonging to civilian victims of the Japanese occupation were unearthed in areas like Siglap, Changi and Bukit Timah. The chamber undertook the responsibility of gathering the remains. It also helped in establishing the Civilian War Memorial at Beach Road in 1967.
In 1962, the chamber started constructing their building at Hill Street and the building was officially opened on 20 September 1964 by Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew.
In 1966, the chamber set up the Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce Foundation to provide financial assistance to the needy and scholarships to deserving students, and to support cultural activities and public educational political campaigns.
In 1977, it was renamed again to Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry, to reflect its expanded scope of both commerce and industry.
In 1991, the SCCCI organised and held the inaugural World Chinese Entrepreneurs Convention (WCEC) in Singapore which was attended by more than 700 delegates from 30 countries.
During the second WCEC in 1993, Singapore's prime minister Lee Kuan Yew suggested a Internet enabled network of ethnic Chinese businesses worldwide accessible to the various Chinese chambers of commerce in the world. With the help of Institute of Systems Science and Netcentre and a financial grant from the National Science and Technology Board, the SCCCI created the World Chinese Business Network (WCBN). The WCBN was launched on 8 December 1995.
1997: The SCCCI's first Annual Internet Commerce Conference is organized. The event is now known as the Infocomm Commerce Conference.
2001: The Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall is reopened to members of the public and foreign visitors as a new tourist attraction and national education centre after four years of renovation and restoration.
2006: The SCCCI officially launches the Enterprise Development Center@SCCCI (EDC@SCCCI) and Chiye Tong, the Chinese version of the EnterpriseOne portal, a one-stop online information service for small- and medium-sized enterprises.
2006: The SCCCI unveiled the Dendrobium Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry as its floral symbol.
2006: The SCCCI 100th Anniversary Commemorative Stamp Issue is launched. It is the first ever set of postage stamps issued by Singapore Post on behalf of a local business organisation.
SCCCI Building
The SCCCI Building is located on Hill Street, facing the Armenian Church. The headquarters of the organisation has been sited here since the early twentieth century.
Before 1964, the headquarters was a two-story building. The construction of the current building started in 1962 and the completed building was officially opened on 20 September 1964. The architecture is a blend of Chinese and Western styles.
See also
Singapore Hokkien Huay Kuan
Teochew Poit Ip Huay Kuan
Chinese Development Assistance Council
Singapore Malay Chamber of Commerce and Industry
References
External links
1906 establishments in British Malaya
Chinese diaspora in Singapore
Chambers of commerce
Organizations established in 1906
Business organisations based in Singapore |
Cysteine-rich motor neuron 1 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRIM1 gene.
Function
Motor neurons are among the earliest neurons to appear after the commencement of cell patterning and the beginning of cell differentiation. Differentiation occurs in a ventral-to-dorsal gradient and is mediated, at least in part, by the concentration of ventrally expressed sonic hedgehog protein (SHH; MIM 600725). Dorsally expressed factors, such as members of the bone morphogenic protein (e.g., BMP4; MIM 112262) and transforming growth factor-beta (e.g., TGFB1; MIM 190180) families, can repress the induction of these neurons. CRIM1 may interact with growth factors implicated in motor neuron differentiation and survival.
Clinical significance
Loss of Crim1 function as demonstrated by the Crim1 KST264 hypomorph mice resulted in onset of chronic kidney disease with accompanying pathology including papillary hypoplasia, functional urinary tract obstruction, ectopic collagen accumulation within the endothelium and tubulointerstitial fibrosis which was in part attributed by (endothelial) epithelial–mesenchymal transition.
References
External links
Further reading |
The Rosenheim Poltergeist is the name given to claims of a poltergeist in Rosenheim in southern Bavaria in the late 1960s by German parapsychologist Hans Bender. Bender alleged that electrical and physical disturbances in the office of the lawyer Sigmund Adam were caused by the telekinetic powers of 19-year-old secretary Annemarie Schaberl. Bender's investigation has been criticized for omitting key details and avoiding naturalistic explanations.
Bender's investigation
According to Bender, in the ["Autumn"] of 1967 he was requested to investigate disturbances in Adam's legal offices which reportedly occurred only on weekends. It was claimed that lighting fixtures exploded, swung back and forth or had their bulbs removed, heavy office furniture was shifted, and copier fluid leaked from the office copier. Additionally, the staff denied having made a large number of outgoing calls to a correct time service that were charged to the firm's telephone company account. The electric company reported evidence of malfunctions due to substantial surges in the power system, and Bender alleges that unspecified tests were made by physicists Friedbert Karger and Gerhard Zicha who reported that "some unknown form of energy is at work." Bender claimed that a heavy filing cabinet was reported to have been pushed across the floor by an invisible force, and that a framed painting was captured on film "rotating around its hook." Calling her "a typical poltergeist", Bender believed that the emotional unhappiness of Annemarie Schaberl, a young secretary at the firm, was "converted into psychokinesis." He said that Schaberl told him she was frustrated with her job and distressed over a broken marriage engagement. According to Bender, the alleged poltergeist activity ceased when Schaberl left the law firm and was married.
Criticism
In April 1970 a story in the German weekly newspaper Die Zeit reported that co-authors Albin Neumann (Allan), Herbert Schiff, and Gert Gunther Kramer suggested in their book "Falsche Geister, echte Schwindler?" ("False spirits, real swindlers?") that the claims of unexplained disturbances initially made by Adam were fraudulent. The authors wrote that they visited Adam's law offices and discovered nylon threads attached to office fixtures such as overhead lights and wall plates that, when pulled, would cause the fixtures to move, and concluded that "the public had been tricked by tricks." Adam reportedly filed a legal injunction to stop publication of the book, which was not granted, and further hearings were scheduled in the District Court of Traunstein.
Dutch journalist and skeptic Piet Hein Hoebens has criticized Bender's investigation claims of the Rosenheim Poltergeist, saying that "No full report of the investigations has ever been published, so we are in no position to check to what extent the parapsychologists have been successful in excluding naturalistic explanations." Hoebens wrote that Bender's accounts of his investigation show that he may not have made a rigorous enough examination of the evidence, which Hoebens deems highly questionable.
According to Hoebens:
"Worse is that Bender omits from his account the highly significant fact that Annemarie was caught in fraud by a policeman. Neither does he mention the inconclusive but curious discoveries reported by the Viennese magician Allan after a visit to the Rosenheim office during the poltergeist outbreak. He states that it was possible to capture a "phenomenon" (a painting turning around "120 degrees" -- that is 200 degrees less than was claimed in Bender's first report!) on Ampex film. He does not tell us why persons who know something of the background of that incident refuse to be impressed with this piece of evidence."
Hoebens also criticized Bender's stated beliefs in the paranormal as "incompatible with scientific inquiry."
The physicist John Taylor wrote that it was likely the measurements shown by the chart recorder used to record the output of the electric current meter in Adam's law offices were fraudulently produced and the explanation for the alleged poltergeist phenomena was a mixture of "expectation, hallucination and trickery."
Literature
Herbert Schiff, Albin Neumann, Gert Gunther Kramer, 1969: Falsche Geister, echte Schwindler?. Zsolnay
Hans Bender 1968: Der Rosenheimer Spuk – ein Fall spontaner Psychokinese. In: Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie. Aurum, Freiburg im Breisgau, 11: p. 104-112
Hans Bender 1969: New Developments in Poltergeist Research. In: Proceedings of the Parapsychological Association 6 : p. 81
Hans Bender 1974: Modern Poltergeist Research - A Plea for an Unprejudiced Approach. In: New Directions in Parapsychology, ed. John Beloff, London
Paul Brunner: Revisionsbericht Stadtwerke Rosenheim, Abteilung E-Werk, 21.12.1967
John Fairley, Simon Welfare 1984: Arthur C. Clarke's World of Strange Powers. In: Noisy Spirits Chapter
Friedbert Karger, Gerhard Zicha 1967: Physikalische Untersuchungen des Spukfalls in Rosenheim. In: Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie. Aurum, Freiburg im Breisgau
References
1967 in West Germany
1960s in Bavaria
1967 hoaxes
German ghosts
Paranormal hoaxes
Telekinesis
Reportedly haunted locations in Germany
Rosenheim
Poltergeists |
H is for Hellgate was an indie pop band based in Seattle, active from 2007 until breaking up in 2009.
History
H is for Hellgate's frontwoman, Jamie Henkensiefken, moved to Seattle from Missoula, Montana in 2002. The band released two studio albums during its 2 years of activity. The first was released on Stereotype Records and the second was released on Scissor City Sound. The band's name derives from a canyon in Missoula. The first was self-titled and was released on February 15, 2007. The second of these albums was entitled "Come for the Peaks, Stay for the Valleys" and was released on December 2, 2008 and produced by Mark Mercer. Their first album was home recorded and their second was recorded at Avast! Recording Company. The band broke up in July 2009, and played their last show on the 23rd of that month at Seattle's Comet Tavern. Both their albums were reviewed by Robert Christgau. Baier is also affiliated with another band, entitled We Wrote the Book on Connectors. Jamie is currently a member of another band, entitled Eighteen Individual Eyes.
Critical reception
The Eugene Weekly compared some of H Is for Hellgate's music to that of At the Drive-In, as well as Sleater-Kinney, and compared Henkensiefken's vocals to Alison Mosshart's. The Seattle PIs Gene Stout wrote that their musical style was "A fascinating blend of folk, pop, indie rock, progressive rock and classical, with a hefty dose of riot grrrl energy."
H is for Hellgate (2007)
Out There Monthly reviewed their self-titled debut and wrote, "Jamie Henkensiefken’s undeniably loveable and soulful vocals, much like Jamie herself, are the bread and butter of H." Another review of this album came from Three Imaginary Girls, which gave the album a 5.6 out of 10 and wrote "H is for Hellgate almost appears to be two separate bands. The first is a rock band that uses lots of different timing changes and is driven by guitars, primarily. This band reminds me of Silversun Pickups or Metric. The second H is for Hellgate is a vocal-based pop band in the vein of Death Cab for Cutie." Megan Seling of the Stranger was less favorable in her assessment of the album, describing it as "less-than-memorable".
Come for the Peaks, Stay for the Valleys (2008)
Nada Mucho ranked Come for the Peaks, Stay for the Valleys as the 6th best Seattle album of 2008. In addition, Three Imaginary Girls ranked the album as the 23rd best Northwest release of 2008. When Robert Christgau reviewed this album, he wrote, "Woman tells her bitter truths, which her guitar elaborates, or is it challenges?" Another positive review of their second album came from the Missoula Independent, who wrote that "each song is beautifully crafted" and compared Henkensiefken favorably to Liz Phair. Seattle Magazine wrote that their second album "...showcases the band’s—and in particular, lead singer Jamie Henkensiefken’s—ability to move seamlessly between punk rants (think Sleater-Kinney), alt-folk ballads (à la Laura Veirs) and the tricky time signatures of prog rock (like The Dismemberment Plan). The surprising mix will keep your ears on their toes." Megan Seling reviewed the album favorably in the Stranger, writing that "Hellgate's pounding drumming and wiry guitar work nod to turbulent '90s post-rock, but some songs ("Blood," for instance) come with a somber Pacific Northwest vibe. "Copernicus and Me" is dark and drilling; "Dusk at Devil's Tower" is one part Jawbox, one part Bikini Kill."
Discography
H Is for Hellgate (Stereotype, 2007)
Come For the Peaks, Stay For the Valleys (Scissor City Sound, 2008)
References
Musical groups from Seattle
Musical groups established in 2007
Musical groups disestablished in 2009
Indie pop groups from Washington (state) |
Saint-Georges (; ) is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department in south-western France.
See also
Communes of the Lot-et-Garonne department
References
Saintgeorges |
Jerry Ames (June 5, 1930 Brooklyn, New York, USA– February 7, 2011 Woodbury, New York, USA) was an American tap dancer centered in New York. In 1977, he co-authored The Book of Tap: Recovering America's Long Lost Dance with Jim Siegelman. In 1980, he was a featured performer in the movie Tap Dancin' by Christian Blackwood. In 2006, he received a Flo Bert Award for his lifetime contribution to tap dance.
References
1930 births
2011 deaths
American tap dancers
Entertainers from Brooklyn |
Harry Glaß (11 October 1930 – 13 December 1997) was a German ski jumper. Born in Klingenthal, he won a Bronze medal in the Individual Large Hill event at the 1956 Winter Olympics.
Glaß, who is not related to fellow East German jumper Henry Glaß of the 1970s, started training as jumper in 1952, and became a member of the GDR-team in 1953. A change in style after 1954 helped him win the medal in 1956. The ski jump career of the Volkspolizei police man, GDR champion of 1954, 1955, 1956 and 1958, ended in 1960 due to a fall during Vierschanzentournee at Bergiselschanze. A later attempt for a comeback failed. He died in Rodewisch in December 1997.
References
1930 births
1997 deaths
German male ski jumpers
Olympic ski jumpers for the United Team of Germany
Olympic bronze medalists for the United Team of Germany
Olympic medalists in ski jumping
Ski jumpers at the 1956 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 1956 Winter Olympics
People from Klingenthal
Skiers from Saxony
People of the Stasi
People from Bezirk Karl-Marx-Stadt
East German male skiers |
Semakaleng Mokgadi Moema (born 4 November 1984) is a British Labour Party politician who has been the London Assembly Member for North East since 2021.
Early life
Moema was born in Islington to South African parents who had fled Apartheid in the 1970s. She attended St Michael's Catholic Grammar School and Mahindra United World College. She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from Keele University and a Master of Science in Public Policy and Management from Birkbeck, University of London.
Political career
She was first elected as a councillor on Hackney Council for Hackney Downs ward in 2006. She did not stand for re-election in the 2010 local government elections but returned to Hackney Council in a by-election 2016, again representing Hackney Downs ward. Sem was re-elected in the 2018 Hackney London Borough Council election and in the 2022 Hackney Borough Council election.
Sem is a mayoral adviser for private rented sector and housing affordability on Hackney Council, in which role she introduced a licensing scheme for privately rented housing in Hackney.
Following her election to the London Assembly in May 2021 she was elected to serve on the Assembly's Housing, Police and Crime and Confirmation Hearings Committees. Sem is also the chair of the London Assembly's housing committee.
References
Living people
21st-century British women politicians
Alumni of Birkbeck, University of London
Alumni of Keele University
Black British women politicians
Councillors in the London Borough of Hackney
English people of South African descent
Labour Members of the London Assembly
Politicians from Islington (district)
1984 births
People from Hackney, London
Women councillors in England |
```go
package conversions
import "jvmgo/ch07/instructions/base"
import "jvmgo/ch07/rtda"
// Convert double to float
type D2F struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *D2F) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
d := stack.PopDouble()
f := float32(d)
stack.PushFloat(f)
}
// Convert double to int
type D2I struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *D2I) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
d := stack.PopDouble()
i := int32(d)
stack.PushInt(i)
}
// Convert double to long
type D2L struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *D2L) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
d := stack.PopDouble()
l := int64(d)
stack.PushLong(l)
}
``` |
Salud Ortiz Carbajal ( ; born November 18, 1964) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for California's 24th congressional district since 2017. He is a member of the Democratic Party, and his district covers Santa Maria, San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara.
Early life and education
Carbajal was born in Moroleón, Mexico, in 1964 and immigrated to the United States, initially to Arizona, later settling in Oxnard, California, with his family, where his father was a farmworker.
Carbajal attended the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1990, and Fielding Graduate University, where he earned a master's degree in organizational management.
Early political career
Carbajal served in the United States Marine Corps Reserve for eight years, including during the Gulf War, although he did not leave the contiguous United States.
Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors
Carbajal was first elected to the Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors in 2004, representing the first district as a Democrat. He was reelected in 2008 and 2012.
U.S. House of Representatives
Elections
2016
In 2015, Carbajal announced his intention to run for the 24th district after incumbent Lois Capps announced her retirement. Carbajal was seen as one of the two Democratic front-runners in the open primary, alongside Santa Barbara Mayor Helene Schneider, and was rivaled by Republican front-runners Assemblyman Katcho Achadjian and small businessman and former Congressional aide Justin Fareed. The primary field consisted of four Democrats, three Republicans, and two independent candidates.
In the June 7 primary, Carbajal came in first, with 66,402 votes (31.9%). The runner-up was Fareed, who received 42,521 (20.5%).
In the November 8 general election, Carbajal received 53.4% of the vote to Fareed's 46.6%, a popular vote margin of about 21,000.
2018
Carbajal was reelected over Republican challenger Fareed with 58.6% of the vote.
2020
Carbajal was reelected to a third term over Republican challenger Andy Caldwell, a nonprofit executive, with 58.7% of the vote.
Tenure
As of October 2021, Carbajal had voted in line with Joe Biden's stated position 100% of the time.
Committee assignments
For the 118th Congress:
Committee on Agriculture
Subcommittee on General Farm Commodities, Risk Management, and Credit
Committee on Armed Services
Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
Subcommittee on Aviation
Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation (Ranking Member)
Subcommittee on Highways and Transit
Caucus memberships
New Democrat Coalition
House Baltic Caucus
Congressional Hispanic Caucus
Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus
Climate Solutions Caucus
Problem Solvers Caucus
Congressional Solar Caucus
Political positions
Abortion
Carbajal opposed the overturning of Roe v. Wade, calling it a "betrayal to our Constitution and...millions of women who count on its protections to retain control of their own body and choices."
Israel
Carbajal voted to provide Israel with support following 2023 Hamas attack on Israel.
Personal life
Carbajal lives in Santa Barbara, California and is married to Gina, with whom he has two children.
On October 6, 2020, Carbajal announced that he had tested positive for COVID-19.
See also
List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress
References
External links
Congressman Salud Carbajal official U.S. House website
Salud Carbajal for Congress campaign website
|-
1964 births
21st-century American politicians
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Gulf War
American politicians of Mexican descent
County supervisors in California
Hispanic and Latino American members of the United States Congress
Living people
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from California
Mexican emigrants to the United States
Military personnel from California
People from Moroleón
People from Oxnard, California
Politicians from Santa Barbara, California
People with acquired American citizenship
United States Marine Corps reservists
Politicians from Guanajuato
University of California, Santa Barbara alumni |
The sangai (Meitei pronunciation: /sə.ŋai/) is an endemic and endangered subspecies of Eld's deer found only in Manipur, India. It is also the state animal of Manipur. Its common English name is Manipur brow-antlered deer or Eld's deer and the scientific name is Rucervus eldii eldii. Its original natural habitat is the floating marshy grasslands of the Keibul Lamjao National Park, located in the southern parts of the Loktak Lake, which is the largest freshwater lake in South Asia.
The film The Return of Sangai (Manipuri film Sangai Hallakpa ) made for the Manipur Forest Department by George Thengummoottil is about the Sangai and Keibul Lamjao National Park.
Distribution and habitat
The brow-antlered deer or the dancing deer is found in its natural habitat only at Keibul Lamjao National Park over the floating biomass locally called phumdi in the southeastern part of Loktak Lake. It is located between 24°27' N and 24°31' N latitude and 93°53' E and 93°55' E longitudes. The park covers an area of 40 km2 and the home range of the deer in the park is confined to 15–20 km2.
Phumdi is the most important and unique part of the habitat. It is the floating mass of vegetation formed by the accumulation of organic debris and biomass with soil. Its thickness varies from few centimeter to two meters. The humus of phumdi is black in color and very spongy with large number of pores. It floats with 4/5 part under water.
The number of deer listed in the Red Data Book was only 14 in 1975. After the declaration of the area as a national park and with strict conservation measures taken up by the Forest Department, the fear of its extinction has been greatly reduced.
Biology and behavior
The brow-antlered deer is a medium-sized deer, with uniquely distinctive antlers, measuring 100–110 cm. in length with extremely long brow tine, which form the main beam. The two tines form a continuous curve at right angles to the closely set pedicels. This signifies its name, brow-antlered deer, the forward protruding beam appears to come out from the eyebrow. The antlers of the opposite sides are unsymmetrical with respect to each other. The beams are unbranched initially whereas curvature increases as length increases and they get forked also. The sexes are moderately dimorphic in body size and weight. The height and weight of a fully grown stag may be approximately 115–125 cm at shoulder and 95 to 110 kg (210 to 230 lb) respectively. The height and weight of the female are shorter and less as compared to the male counterpart. The length of the body from the base to the ear up to the tail is about 145 to 155 cm in both sexes. The tail is short and rump patch is not pronounced.
Sangai feed on a variety of water living plants, grasses, herbaceous plants, and shoots. Zizania latifolia, Tripidium bengalense, Erianthus procerus, Erianthus ravennae, etc. are the favorite food plants of sangai. Feeding behavior of sangai can be easily seen over new shoots on freshly cut fire line area. It exhibits a bimodal activity pattern. Sangai starts grazing usually early morning approximately 4:30 am and generally continue up to 8:00 am. On cloudy morning the period may extend to 10:00 am. In the evening it starts at 3:00 pm and continue up to 6:00 pm. After feeding it takes rest. During day time it rests under thick and tall reeds and grasses. At night some of them even rest on the hillocks.
The sangai has a maximum lifespan in the wild of around 10 years.
Rutting takes place in the early spring months between February and May. Males compete with each other to gain control of a harem of females that they can then mate with. After a 220- to 240-day-long gestation period, normally a single calf is born. The young are spotted at birth; these spots fade as the animal grows. The young are weaned at 7 months of age, and becomes sexually mature from 18 months of age onwards.
Sangai in Meitei society
Culturally, the sangai finds itself embedded deep into the legends and folklore of the Manipuris. Based on a popular folk legend, the sangai is interpreted as the binding soul between humans and the nature. The slaying of the sangai, an unpardonable sin, is conceived as the rude breaking up of the cordial relationship between humans and the nature. When humans love and respect the sangai, it is respecting nature. In the sangai, therefore, humans find a way of expressing their love for the nature. Socially, the sangai is the symbol of a prized possession of the state.
It is believed that the name sangai (sa "animal" and ngai "in awaiting") was coined from its peculiar posture and behaviour while running. By nature, the deer, particularly the males, even when running for its life stops occasionally and looks back as if he is waiting for someone and hence the name.
In Meitei folklore
According to a story in Meitei folklore (Manipuri folklore), a hero named Kadeng Thangjahanba of Moirang once captured a gravid sangai from Torbung Lamjao for a gift to his beloved ladylove named Tonu Laijinglembi during an animal hunting expedition. However, as fate would have it, he found his beloved married to the king of Moirang on his return. The heartbroken hero released the deer free in the wild of Keibul Lamjao. From that time onwards the place became the home of sangai.
In another story in Meitei folklore of Manipur, a prince named Pudangkoi of Luwang clan had, by the grace of a divine entity, transformed himself into a deer which has later on called sangai. Further, there were references of sangai head with crown of antlers, being decorated on the head of royal boat called Hiyang Hiren.
Identified as one of the rarest animal species in the entire world, the sangai is the apple of the eye for the people. Talk of Manipur, and one of the first things to introduce the state is the sangai, other than polo, its Manipuri classical dance, sports and films.
Danger of extinction
The sangai was believed to be almost extinct by 1950. However, in 1953 six heads of the sangai were found hovering at its natural habitat. Since then, the State Government has taken serious and positive measures for the protection of this rare and endangered species. The number of endangered deer sangai found in Manipur has increased from 204 in 2013 to 260, according to the latest census conducted in March 2016 jointly by Wildlife Wing, Forest department, State government, Manipur University and Wildlife Institute of India.
The sangai faces a two-pronged danger to its life. Firstly, its habitat is steadily degenerating by reason of continuous inundation and flooding by high water caused as the result of artificial reservoir of the National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Loktak. Secondly, poachers are out there to trap and slay the deer at the slightest opportunity.
In 1983 the 103 megawatt capacity National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Loktak was commissioned with the objective of ensuring rapid development in the State. A maximum high water level of above mean sea level (MSL) is maintained in the Loktak Lake to feed the reservoir for the hydel project. This high water level had wreaked havoc in the Keibul Lamjao National Park. The high water level, maintained continuously through the year, had disturbed the natural life cycle of the vegetation growth, the phumdi, upon which the sangai thrives. The deer feed on several types of vegetation that grow on the phumdi. The vegetation also provides shelter to the deer and other wildlife in the park.
The life-cycle of the phumdi involves floating on the water surface during season of high water as in the monsoons. In the lean season, when the water level reduces, the biomass come into contact with the lake bed and they secure the required nutrient from there. When the rains come again and they become afloat, the biomass have enough 'food'—the nutrients—stored in their roots and their life continues. What is happening now, according to local scientists who are studying the phenomena, is that with continuous high water in the lake throughout the year much of this process of 'feeding' on the nutrient in the lakebed had discontinued. The result—the biomass are losing weight and getting thinner by the year. Around January last week in 1999, it was reported that a large chunk of the biomass in the northern part of National Park had broken up into pieces and had drifted freely from the park area. This was a bad sign for the sangai habitat. It spelled out very clearly that the beginning of the end of the sangai habitat had begun. There are reports of local people cutting up the phumdi into sizable pieces and then towing away these with dugout canoe for 'selling' to fish culture owners. This is another potential danger to the sangai habitat. It meant humans are now aiding the process of annihilating the habitat area, supplementing to the rapid degeneration of the habitat.
Films
The Return of Sangai is a documentary by George Thengummoottil about Keibul Lamjao National Park and Sangai
Paari (2000 film) - a children's movie by Aribam Syam Sharma
See also
Keibul Lamjao National Park
Eld's deer
References
External links
E-Pao.net - A Cry in the Wilderness - Salam Rajesh
https://archive.today/20041116135913/http://www.wii.gov.in/publications/newsletter/autumn2003/fromthewild.htm
Brow antlered deer
Documentary on Sangai by Forest Department
Mammals of India
Cervines
Symbols of Manipur |
Robert Patterson Lamont (December 1, 1867February 20, 1948) was United States secretary of commerce March 5, 1929 to August 7, 1932, during the administration of Herbert Hoover. He was commerce secretary during difficult times for commerce, as a result of the Great Depression.
Life
Lamont was born in Detroit, Michigan on December 1, 1867, to Isabella (née Patterson) and Robert Lamont. He was educated at the University of Michigan, graduating in 1891 with a degree in civil engineering. He worked as an engineer at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Illinois. Lamont married Helen Gertrude Trotter on October 24, 1894. They had three children: (Robert Patterson II, Gertrude and Dorothy Lamont). In 1897, he was hired by the Simplex Railway Appliance Company as first vice president. In 1905, the company was bought out by American Steel Foundries and Lamont remained a vice president. In 1912, he was appointed company president, a position he held until his Hoover administration appointment in 1929. Lamont was Secretary of Commerce from 1929 until 1932, when he resigned in order to become president of the American Iron and Steel Institute, where he stayed until 1934. Lamont died in Chicago, Illinois, in 1948. His grandson, Robert L. Belknap, was a professor of Russian literature at Columbia University.
References
1867 births
1948 deaths
Hoover administration cabinet members
20th-century American politicians
Politicians from Chicago
Politicians from Detroit
People from Lake Forest, Illinois
People from Vilas County, Wisconsin
United States Secretaries of Commerce
University of Michigan College of Engineering alumni |
The Animesh quartet is a series of four novels by the Indian Bengali writer Samaresh Majumdar. The principal character of the series is Animesh Mitra who, much like the author himself, grows up amid the tea estates of the Dooars in northern Bengal, but then moves to Kolkata in the 1960s in order to study at Scottish Church College. Animesh then plunges into the Naxalite rebellion that rocked West Bengal in the late 1960s and 1970s. Through the character of the protagonist, Majumdar portrays the tumultuous political history of West Bengal in the post-independence era.
The first three novels in the series - Uttoradhikar, Kalbela and Kalpurush - were published between 1979 and 1989. Kalbela was serialized in the prestigious literary magazine Desh in 1981-1982, and won the Sahitya Akademi Prize in 1984. The last book in the series Mousholkal was published in 2013, after a gap of nearly 25 years, as a response to the rise of Mamata Banerjee and the Trinamool Congress. The Animesh series is widely regarded as Samaresh Majumdar's finest work, as well as being one of the most significant works of modern Bengali literature.
Adaptation
Kalbela was filmed as Kaalbela by the director Goutam Ghose in 2009 with Parambrata Chattopadhyay in the role of Animesh and Paoli Dam as Madhabilata. Kalpurush and Uttoradhikar were also released as TV series.
Works
Uttoradhikar (The Inheritance)
Kalbela
Kalpurush (A Man of Our Time)
Mousholkal (The Age of Iron)
References
Bengali-language literature
Literary tetralogies |
Thermogenic means tending to produce heat, and the term is commonly applied to drugs which increase heat through metabolic stimulation, or to microorganisms which create heat within organic waste. Approximately all enzymatic reaction in the human body is thermogenic, which gives rise to the basal metabolic rate.
In bodybuilding, athletes wishing to reduce body fat percentage use thermogenics in order to attempt to increase their basal metabolic rate, thereby increasing overall energy expenditure. Caffeine and ephedrine are commonly used for this purpose in the ECA stack. 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) is a very strong thermogenic drug used for fat loss which produces a dose-dependent increase in body temperature, to the point where it can induce death by hyperthermia. It works as a mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler, disrupting the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This stops the mitochondria from producing adenosine triphosphate, causing energy to be released as heat.
Notes
Nutrition |
Johanna Weber (8 August 1910 – 24 October 2014) was a German-born British mathematician and aerodynamicist. She is best known for her contributions to the development of the Handley Page Victor bomber and the Concorde.
Early life
Johanna Weber was born in a family of Walloon origin in Düsseldorf, Germany, on August 8, 1910. Her father died in the First World War. As a 'war orphan', Weber was eligible for financial support, and she attended a convent school.
In 1929, she began studies in chemistry and mathematics at the University of Cologne, but switched a year later to the University of Göttingen. She graduated with a first class honours degree in 1935, and then trained as a teacher for two years. As she did not join the Nazi party, she was not allowed to join a teaching post. Her remaining family, comprising her mother and sister, were in need of financial support, so she sought employment in the armaments industry.
Career
Weber joined Krupp in Essen as a researcher in ballistics. Her work involved tedious mathematical computations using the Brunsviga mechanical calculators.
Aerodynamics Research Institute
In 1939, Weber joined the Aerodynamics Research Institute (Aerodynamische Versuchsanstalt Göttingen) in Göttingen. She was part of a small theoretical team, and her initial training in aerodynamics consisted of wind tunnel corrections. Here she met and began her lifelong collaboration with Dietrich Küchemann.
Scientists at Institute had by then worked out a consistent theory of flow around an aircraft. This was, however, an approximation, using singularities to represent the vortices that generated lift, and Weber was given the task of improving it. She realised that some of her work overlapped with Küchemann's research on jet engine intakes. They teamed up, with Weber doing the theoretical development and wind tunnel testing, and Küchemann setting the direction of their research based on his consultation with manufacturers. Over the period of the Second World War, they created a substantial body of work.
Royal Aircraft Establishment
Following the capture of Göttingen by the US Army in 1945, the city fell into the British occupation zone. The British paid Weber and Küchemann to compile a monograph of their researches. These would form the basis of their text Aerodynamics of Propulsion. They also encouraged German scientists to take up six month contracts at various defence facilities in the UK as part of the combined US-UK plan (Operation Paperclip and Operation Surgeon) to acquire German services and technologies. In October 1946, Küchemann joined the Aerodynamics department at the Royal Aircraft Establishment in Farnbourough, and persuaded Weber to join him. Both of them continued to renew their six-month contracts, although both remained classed as enemy aliens, until 1953 when both were naturalised as British citizens.
Weber, as the only woman among the German scientists, was accommodated at an RAE staff hostel. She joined the Low Speed Wind Tunnels division at the RAE, which was headed by Frances Bradfield. She began experimental work on air intakes under John Seddon.
In 1946, the British Air Ministry specified a medium-range jet propelled bomber capable of carrying a nuclear weapon. The Handley Page Victor bomber was the most ambitious of the designs proposed in response. Küchemann had kept abreast of German work into swept-wing aircraft, in particular the crescent-shaped wing, and the aerodynamics of supersonic flight. The Victor would have three segmented wings of crescent shape, each with a different sweep angle. Weber assisted with the calculations, and incorporated further design improvements including the engine air inputs based on the work she had done with Küchemann during the war. Her linear and simple aerodynamic models were calculated by hand by a team of women 'computors'. In September 1945, she co-wrote with Küchemann a paper analysing the aerodynamics of the new wing and fuselage.
Weber's subsequent work with Küchemann was in improving the theory of subsonic aerodynamics. Initial methods treated wing thickness and lift in isolation. In the 1950s, she developed a simultaneous treatment of all the features of a wing (thickness, twist, sweepback, camber) to predict the air pressure distribution over it. The Vickers aircraft team then solved the inverse problem - that of determining the wing shape that best suited a required pressure distribution. The resultant wing shape, the most advanced for a civilian craft, was used on the Vickers VC10 airliner.
Concorde
Weber also began her research into supersonic transport. In 1955, she showed that a thin delta wing with a high angle of attack could generate sufficient lift to provide the take-off and landing capability, while simultaneously enabling efficient supersonic performance. Küchemann then advocated this wing configuration with the UK Government, resulting in the support for a Mach 2 airliner by the Supersonic Transport Advisory Committee (STAC) in 1956.
In 1961, a prototype aircraft, the Handley Page HP.115, was built to test the low speed performance of the slender delta wing.
Weber made two fundamental contributions to the supersonic effort: tools to predict the drag on a slender delta-winged aircraft during supersonic flight, and shaping the wing to allow the formation of vortices at its leading edge, rather than above or below it. Her work from 1959 onwards contributed to the design and the eventual construction of the Concorde.
Airbus
Weber reverted to subsonic researches following the Concorde. In particular, she analysed the conditions under which methods addressing airflows slower than the speed of sound continued to be applicable at supercritical levels. Her refinement of existing theories, which were based on incompressible flows, helped automate the computations to render exact, rather than approximate, solutions. One of the chief sources of aerodynamic inefficiency was the junction of the wing and the fuselage, and she was able to model its entire three-dimensional profile. These methods, along with others evolving from the development of the VC10, were used in the design of the Airbus A300B aircraft, the first wide-body twinjet in the world.
Later life and death
Weber retired in 1975 at the grade of Senior Principal Scientific Officer, and continued to be retained by the RAE as a consultant. She had nearly 100 papers to her name. In 1976, following Küchemann's death, Weber assisted in the publication of his book The Aerodynamic Design of Aircraft, which was published in 1978. She announced that she was done with aerodynamics after that.
Weber remained unmarried all her life. She lived in the RAE hostel until 1953, and then moved into a bedsit attached to Küchemann's house in Wrecclesham, Surrey, where she lived till 1961, when she acquired the house next door to the Küchemanns. She found it difficult to obtain a mortgage, as banks and building societies tended not to lend to single women for home purchases at the time.
After retirement, Weber discovered new interests in psychology and geology, taking classes at the University of Surrey.
Weber's younger sister, to whom she was very close, had been in poor health for most of her life. Weber supported her and their mother financially, sending money to Germany, and wanted to return to them. Her sister died at the age of 50.
Weber lived in her house till 2010. She died in a nursing home in Farnham, Surrey, on 24 October 2014.
Selected publications
References
1910 births
2014 deaths
Aerodynamicists
Concorde
20th-century British mathematicians
German emigrants to the United Kingdom
German people of Walloon descent
Handley Page
Operation Surgeon
Scientists from Düsseldorf
University of Cologne alumni
University of Göttingen alumni
Women mathematicians
20th-century British women scientists
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
British people of Walloon descent
British centenarians
German centenarians
Women centenarians |
Laksitha Rasanjana (born 21 November 1998) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his List A debut on 14 December 2019, for Negombo Cricket Club in the 2019–20 Invitation Limited Over Tournament.
References
External links
1998 births
Living people
Sri Lankan cricketers
Negombo Cricket Club cricketers
Place of birth missing (living people) |
In mathematics, a basis of a matroid is a maximal independent set of the matroid—that is, an independent set that is not contained in any other independent set.
Examples
As an example, consider the matroid over the ground-set R2 (the vectors in the two-dimensional Euclidean plane), with the following independent sets: It has two bases, which are the sets {(0,1),(2,0)} , {(0,3),(2,0)}. These are the only independent sets that are maximal under inclusion.
The basis has a specialized name in several specialized kinds of matroids:
In a graphic matroid, where the independent sets are the forests, the bases are called the spanning forests of the graph.
In a transversal matroid, where the independent sets are endpoints of matchings in a given bipartite graph, the bases are called transversals.
In a linear matroid, where the independent sets are the linearly-independent sets of vectors in a given vector-space, the bases are just called bases of the vector space. Hence, the concept of basis of a matroid generalizes the concept of basis from linear algebra.
In a uniform matroid, where the independent sets are all sets with cardinality at most k (for some integer k), the bases are all sets with cardinality exactly k.
In a partition matroid, where elements are partitioned into categories and the independent sets are all sets containing at most kc elements from each category c, the bases are all sets which contain exactly kc elements from category c.
In a free matroid, where all subsets of the ground-set E are independent, the unique basis is E.
Properties
Exchange
All matroids satisfy the following properties, for any two distinct bases and :
Basis-exchange property: if , then there exists an element such that is a basis.
Symmetric basis-exchange property: if , then there exists an element such that both and are bases. Brualdi showed that it is in fact equivalent to the basis-exchange property.
Multiple symmetric basis-exchange property: if , then there exists a subset such that both and are bases. Brylawski, Greene, and Woodall, showed (independently) that it is in fact equivalent to the basis-exchange property.
Bijective basis-exchange property: There is a bijection from to , such that for every , is a basis. Brualdi showed that it is equivalent to the basis-exchange property.
Partition basis-exchange property: For each partition of into m parts, there exists a partition of into m parts, such that for every , is a basis.
However, a basis-exchange property that is both symmetric and bijective is not satisfied by all matroids: it is satisfied only by base-orderable matroids.
In general, in the symmetric basis-exchange property, the element need not be unique. Regular matroids have the unique exchange property, meaning that for some , the corresponding b is unique.
Cardinality
It follows from the basis exchange property that no member of can be a proper subset of another.
Moreover, all bases of a given matroid have the same cardinality. In a linear matroid, the cardinality of all bases is called the dimension of the vector space.
Neil White's conjecture
It is conjectured that all matroids satisfy the following property: For every integer t ≥ 1, If B and B' are two t-tuples of bases with the same multi-set union, then there is a sequence of symmetric exchanges that transforms B to B'.
Characterization
The bases of a matroid characterize the matroid completely: a set is independent if and only if it is a subset of a basis. Moreover, one may define a matroid to be a pair , where is the ground-set and is a collection of subsets of , called "bases", with the following properties:
(B1) There is at least one base -- is nonempty;
(B2) If and are distinct bases, and , then there exists an element such that is a basis (this is the basis-exchange property).
(B2) implies that, given any two bases A and B, we can transform A into B by a sequence of exchanges of a single element. In particular, this implies that all bases must have the same cardinality.
Duality
If is a finite matroid, we can define the orthogonal or dual matroid by calling a set a basis in if and only if its complement is in . It can be verified that is indeed a matroid. The definition immediately implies that the dual of is .
Using duality, one can prove that the property (B2) can be replaced by the following:(B2*) If and are distinct bases, and , then there exists an element such that is a basis.
Circuits
A dual notion to a basis is a circuit. A circuit in a matroid is a minimal dependent set—that is, a dependent set whose proper subsets are all independent. The terminology arises because the circuits of graphic matroids are cycles in the corresponding graphs.
one may define a matroid to be a pair , where is the ground-set and is a collection of subsets of , called "circuits", with the following properties:
(C1) The empty set is not a circuit;
(C2) A subset of a circuit is not a circuit;
(C3) If C1 and C2 are circuits, and x is an element in their intersection, then contains a circuit.
Another property of circuits is that, if a set is independent, and the set is dependent (i.e., adding the element makes it dependent), then contains a unique circuit , and it contains . This circuit is called the fundamental circuit of w.r.t. . It is analogous to the linear algebra fact, that if adding a vector to an independent vector set makes it dependent, then there is a unique linear combination of elements of that equals .
See also
Matroid polytope - a polytope in Rn (where n is the number of elements in the matroid), whose vertices are indicator vectors of the bases of the matroid.
References
Matroid theory |
The following is a list of mountains in French Polynesia.
References
Mountains of French Polynesia
French Polynesia
French Polynesia |
A variable-position horizontal stabilizer changes the pitch simultaneously with the flaperon setting.
Normally the horizontal stabilizer also known as tailplane is fixed and has a hinged elevator, a stabilator is another method that combines the functions of an elevator and a horizontal stabilizer.
The variable-position horizontal stabilizer is governed by the flaperon setting: the settings of the flaperon control produce corresponding changes to the stabilizer angle of incidence, thus defining the trim airspeed in relation to the flaperon requirements. The conventional elevator remains in trail, minimizing trim drag.
Flaperon settings are used to optimize the lift and drag of a wing. When the flight requires low speed the flaperons are in a positive position and when the flight requires high speed flaperons are in a negative position.
Sources
https://web.archive.org/web/20070418051732/http://www.glidingmagazine.com/FeatureArticle.asp?id=368
https://web.archive.org/web/20070202111444/http://www.alisport.com/eu/images/img_news/Volaresett04/VOLARE_SETT04.htm
Aircraft controls |
Hohenneuffen Castle is a large ruined castle in the northern foothills of the Swabian Alb, above the town of Neuffen in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg.
Location
The medieval castle is situated on a large late Jurassic rock on the edge of the Swabian Alb at an elevation of 743 m (2437 ft) in a strategically advantageous location on the slopes of the mountain range.
History
There is evidence for a pre-historic, Iron Age settlement on Hohenneuffen. It functioned as an outpost for the oppidum at Heidengraben during the late La Tène period in the first century BCE.
The pre-Germanic name Neuffen is derived from the proto-Celtic adjective , meaning holy or sacred, implying that the mountain had a religious rather than a military function 2000 years ago.
The castle was built between 1100 and 1120 by Mangold von Sulmetingen who later changed his name to include the element von Neuffen. The first documentary evidence dates from 1198. At that time the castle was still in possession of the family von Neuffen, a member of which was the Minnesänger Gottfried von Neifen. The castle went into the possession of the Lords of Weinsberg at the end of the 13th century who sold it on to the Counts of Württemberg in 1301. The castle proved its defensive worth in 1312 when, during the Reichskrieg, an internal conflict within the Holy Roman Empire following the election of Henry VII as Holy Roman Emperor, it could not be conquered.
The expansion of Hohenneuffen Castle into a fortress began in the 14th century. However, the most important alterations to the castle structure were conducted by Duke Ulrich of Württemberg in the first half of the 16th century. Barbicans, round towers, bastions, a building for the commanding officer, casemates, stables, an armoury as well as two cisterns were built. Essentially, these fortification did not change for the next two hundred years. While the fortress had to surrender to troops from the Swabian League in 1519, it withstood the insurgent peasants' attempt to take it during the German Peasants' War of 1524/25.
The castle was besieged by Imperial forces for more than a year during the Thirty Years' War. In November 1635 the commanding officer Johann Philipp Schnurm and his dispirited troops managed to negotiate a surrender, allowing Schnurm and his men to depart with their weapons and possessions. Yet, in violation of the agreed terms the troops were forced to serve in the Imperial army and Schnurm lost all his possessions.
Duke Karl Alexander of Württemberg planned to have Hohenneuffen altered into a fortress following the French model. Yet he died before the task was completed and his successor, Karl Eugen abandoned the plan due to the high costs and the doubtful military benefit. In 1793 it was decided to raze the castle and to sell off the building materials. The castle went out of use in 1795 and was finally destined for destruction in 1801. The inhabitants of the surrounding area were happy to utilise the cheap building materials. Only from 1830 onwards the remains of the castle were safeguarded from further destruction and in the 1860s public access to the ruin was allowed. In 1862 an inn was established in one of the buildings in the upper bailey.
Similar to other fortresses Hohenneuffen was used as a holding place for prisoners of the state, where important prisoners were held and, if deemed necessary, tortured. Amongst those were a young Count of Helfenstein who fell to his death in 1502 whilst trying to escape from the castle. In 1512 Duke Ulrich had the abbot of Zwiefalten Abbey, Georg Fischer, imprisoned at the castle. On the orders of Duke Ulrich the reeve of Tübingen, Konrad Breuning, was held and tortured here before being beheaded in 1517 in Stuttgart. Matthäus Enzlin, Geheimrat at the court of Duke Johann Frederick of Württemberg, attempted several escapes whilst being imprisoned on Hohenneuffen in the early 16th century. In 1737 Joseph Süß Oppenheimer, Court Jew to Duke Karl Alexander was incarcerated on Hohenneuffen for several weeks before being relocated to Hohenasperg, finally to be executed in Stuttgart in 1738.
The Three-States-Conference
During the Allied occupation of Germany following the end of World War II, the military governments of the American and French occupation zones founded three states in their zones in 1946 and 1947: Württemberg-Baden in the American zone, Württemberg-Hohenzollern and Baden in the French occupation zone. When it became known that a constitution was being worked out for West Germany, a number of politician took the initiative to merge the three south-western states. The prime minister of Württemberg-Baden, Reinhold Maier, invited the governments of the three states to a conference which took place on 2 August 1948 at Hohenneuffen Castle. His idea was to bring the governments closer together in order to prepare for the formation of a new state in the southwest of Germany. The delegation from Baden was headed by Leo Wohleb, an uncompromising advocate of the restoration of the former Baden. Württemberg-Hohenzollern was represented by its home secretary, Viktor Renner. Maier had chosen the place for the conference with care. The wide view from the top of the mountain, particularly onto the border of the occupation zones which ran between the district of Reutlingen and the then district of Nürtingen, was meant to impress the delegates. Secluded from their respective governmental apparatus and the public, the participants were supposed to be able to engage in discussions without any disturbances. However, no agreement was reached at the end of the conference. Nevertheless, it marked the beginning of the process which led to the formation of the so-called Southwest State in 1952: Baden-Württemberg.
Current use
Today, access to Hohenneuffen Castle is free for the public and some of the casemates are accessible. There is also a restaurant, beer garden and a kiosk.
A fell running event (Hohenneuffen-Berglauf) takes place every June. Participants have to cover a distance of 9.3 km and a difference in altitude of 483 metres.
Furthermore, the castle is also used for concerts and a medieval-style market.
See also
List of castles in Baden-Württemberg
References
Further reading
External links
Homepage of Hohenneuffen Castle
Panoramic view from Hohenneuffen Castle
Ruined castles in Germany
Mountains and hills of the Swabian Jura |
Michel Murat is best known as a specialist of twentieth-century French literature, with an emphasis on modernity, style, poetics, and versification. He is also a specialist in surrealism. He has published several major studies of Julien Gracq's stylistics and poetics, in particular on the role of names and analogy in The Opposing Shore, as well as books on Robert Desnos and André Breton.
References
Living people
French male writers
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) are commonly used as optical (de)multiplexers in wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) systems. These devices are capable of multiplexing many wavelengths into a single optical fiber, thereby increasing the transmission capacity of optical networks considerably.
The devices are based on a fundamental principle of optics, which states that light waves of different wavelengths do not interfere linearly with each other. This means that, if each channel in an optical communication network makes use of light of a slightly different wavelength, then the light from many of these channels can be carried by a single optical fiber with negligible crosstalk between the channels. The AWGs are used to multiplex channels of several wavelengths onto a single optical fiber at the transmission end and are also used as demultiplexers to retrieve individual channels of different wavelengths at the receiving end of an optical communication network.
Operation of AWG devices
Conventional silica-based AWGs, as illustrated in the figure above, are planar lightwave circuits fabricated by depositing layers of doped and undoped silica on a silicon substrate.
The AWGs consist of a number of input (1) and output (5) couplers, a free space propagation region (2) and (4) and the grating waveguides (3). The grating waveguides consists of many waveguides, each having a constant length increment (ΔL).
Light is coupled into the device via an optical fiber (1) connected to the input port.
Light diffracting out of the input waveguide at the coupler/slab interface propagates through the free-space region (2) and illuminates the grating with a Gaussian distribution.
Each wavelength of light coupled to the grating waveguides (3) undergoes a constant change of phase attributed to the constant length increment in grating waveguides.
The diffracted light from each waveguide within the grating undergoes constructive interference, resulting in a refocusing of the light at the output waveguides (5). The spatial position of the output channels is wavelength-dependent, determined by the array phase shift induced by the constant length increment in the grating waveguides.
References
Optical devices
Photonics
Fiber optics
Multiplexing |
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