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The U.S. currently has two statistical areas that have been delineated by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). On March 6, 2020, the OMB delineated the Providence-Warwick, RI-MA Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area. All five counties of are a part of both the Providence-Warwick, RI-MA Metropolitan Statistical Area and the more extensive Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area.
Statistical areas
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has designated more than 1,000 statistical areas for the United States and Puerto Rico. These statistical areas are important geographic delineations of population clusters used by the OMB, the United States Census Bureau, planning organizations, and federal, state, and local government entities.
The OMB defines a core-based statistical area (commonly referred to as a CBSA) as "a statistical geographic entity consisting of the county or counties (or county-equivalents) associated with at least one core of at least 10,000 population, plus adjacent counties having a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured through commuting ties with the counties containing the core." The OMB further divides core-based statistical areas into metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) that have "a population of at least 50,000" and micropolitan statistical areas (μSAs) that have "a population of at least 10,000, but less than 50,000."
The OMB defines a combined statistical area (CSA) as "a geographic entity consisting of two or more adjacent core-based statistical areas with employment interchange measures of at least 15%." The primary statistical areas (PSAs) include all combined statistical areas and any core-based statistical area that is not a constituent of a combined statistical area.
Table
The table below describes the two United States statistical areas and five counties of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations with the following information:
The combined statistical area (CSA) as designated by the OMB.
The CSA population according to 2019 US Census Bureau population estimates.
The core based statistical area (CBSA) as designated by the OMB.
The CBSA population according to 2019 US Census Bureau population estimates
The county name
The county population according to 2019 US Census Bureau population estimates
The Metropolitan Division name, if applicable
The Metropolitan Division population according to 2019 US Census Bureau population estimates
See also
Geography of Rhode Island
Demographics of Rhode Island
Notes
References
External links
Office of Management and Budget
United States Census Bureau
United States statistical areas
Statistical Areas Of Rhode Island |
```xml
/**
* All rights reserved.
*
* This source code is licensed under the MIT-style license found in the
* LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
*/
#import "RNSVGRenderableManager.h"
#import <React/RCTBridge.h>
#import <React/RCTUIManager.h>
#import <React/RCTUIManagerUtils.h>
#import "RNSVGPathMeasure.h"
#import "RCTConvert+RNSVG.h"
#import "RNSVGCGFCRule.h"
@implementation RNSVGRenderableManager
RCT_EXPORT_MODULE()
- (RNSVGRenderable *)node
{
return [RNSVGRenderable new];
}
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(fill, RNSVGBrush)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(fillOpacity, CGFloat)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(fillRule, RNSVGCGFCRule)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(stroke, RNSVGBrush)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeOpacity, CGFloat)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeWidth, RNSVGLength *)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeLinecap, CGLineCap)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeLinejoin, CGLineJoin)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeDasharray, NSArray<RNSVGLength *>)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeDashoffset, CGFloat)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeMiterlimit, CGFloat)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(vectorEffect, int)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(propList, NSArray<NSString *>)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(filter, NSString)
@end
``` |
North Ipswich is a suburb of Ipswich in the City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. In the , North Ipswich had a population of 4,515 people.
Raymonds Hill is a neighbourhood within the suburb of North Ipswich.
Geography
The southern boundary of the suburb follows the Bremer River. The Warrego Highway passes from east to west across the northern part of the suburb.
Raymonds Hill is near the centre of the suburb (). The hill itself peaks at above sea level ().
History
The suburb is so named because it is immediately north (across the Bremer River) from the centre of Ipswich. Raymond Hill was named after the hill which in turn was named after early land holders J & R Raymond.
North Ipswich is the birthplace of Queensland Rail. The original site is now the site of Riverlink shopping centre on The Terrace and the current site is used as a joint facility containing the Workshops Rail Museum. The suburb contains a large number of character and heritage listed houses, such as workers cottages that were home to the many railway workers.Ipswich North State School opened on 5 July 1867 with girls and boys taught in separate rooms. In 1876 it split into two separate schools: Ipswich North Boys State School and Ipswich North Girls and Infants State School. In 1934 the two school were amalgamated to form Ipswich North State School once again.
A United Methodist Free Church opened in Canning Street on Sunday 22 March 1868. In July 1873 it relocated to Brisbane Street in the Ipswich CBD to leave the "comparative obscurity" of North Ipswich.
Circa 1888-1889 an Anglican church opened in North Ipswich.
In November 1900, approx.150 allotments were advertised as "Railway Workshops Estate", to be auctioned by Cameron Brothers auctioneers.
On 1 March 1902, auctioneer E. Bostock offered 77 blocks in the "New Workshops Estate", of which 48 sold on the day. This estate was bounded by Albert Street to the west and north, by Tivoli Creek to the east, and Hill Street to the south. At that time the Tivoli railway line passed through the estate from north to south; the land corridor still exists but is now used a pedestrian path.
St Joseph's School opened on 13 August 1913.
In 1923 12 allotments were advertised for sale by Jackson & Meyers on Saturday, 7 July 1923. This area was called the "Stirling Estate" and was resubdivisions of subdivisions 1 and 2 of Allotment 5 of Section 45 in the parish of Chuwar. The land was bounded by Waterworks Road and Simmons Road in North Ipswich and according to the real estate map was within 10 minutes of the Railway Workshops. Later in 1923 it was advertised in the Queensland Times that there were still some allotments for sale.
North Ipswich Uniting Church was originally located at 105 Downs Street, North Ipswich. It was previously the North Ipswich Presbyterian Church, until the Uniting Church in Australia was established in 1977. Following its closure at this site it relocated to Brassall.
In the the suburb recorded a population of 4,587.
In the , North Ipswich had a population of 4,515 people.
Education
Ipswich North State School is a government primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at 9 Fitzgibbon Street (). In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 267 students with 18 teachers (17 full-time equivalent) and 15 non-teaching staff (11 full-time equivalent).
St Joseph's School is a Catholic primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at 42 Pine Mountain Road (). In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 382 students with 27 teachers (22 full-time equivalent) and 16 non-teaching staff (12 full-time equivalent).
There are no secondary schools in North Ipswich. The nearest secondary school is Ipswich State High School in neighbouring Brassall.
Monuments
James Sangster Memorial. Browns Park contains the first police monument that was funded by public subscription. The monument was erected in memory of Constable James Sangster who drowned in the Brisbane river trying to save a young family from drowning in the 1893 Brisbane floods.
Ipswich Railway Workshops War Memorial is a large World War I monument within the grounds of the North Ipswich Railway Workshops
Heritage listings
North Ipswich has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
References
External links
Suburbs of Ipswich, Queensland |
The Children's Bureau may refer to:
The United States Children's Bureau, a U.S. federal agency created in 1912 to promote the health and well-being of children and mothers.
The National Children's Bureau, a London-based charity exploring a range of issues involving children.
The Children's Bureau (Taiwan), an agency under the Ministry of the Interior (Republic of China) for child welfare and protection. |
The Santa Marina Stadium is an 5,000-capacity motorcycle stadium in the Lonigo, Italy. The stadium is situated in the southern part of Lonigo, which itself is 25km south of Vicenza. The stadium is affiliated to the Federazione Motociclistica Italiana.
History
The stadium opened on the on 12 June 1977 hosting the semi-finals of the 1977 Speedway World Pairs Championship. Lonigo had previously had a speedway venue from 1947 to 1972.
The stadium has been the home of the World Championship round known as the Speedway Grand Prix of Italy in 1996 and from 2005 to 2008. In addition it has hosted numerous major speedway events, including World and European qualifiers and the Italian Individual Speedway Championship.
In 2021, renovation costing in excess 280,000 euros took place in order to bring the stadium into line with regulatory adaptation that also allowed the venue to be used by other parties and not exclusively speedway and it also set a new capacity of 5,000 instead of 8,000.
The speedway track has a circumference of 334 metres.
See also
Speedway Grand Prix of Italy
References
Speedway venues in Italy
Lonigo |
Mamfe is a town in the Akuapim North Municipal District of the Eastern Region of south Ghana. It shares borders with Amanokrom And Akropong
History
Mamfe is a very strategic town in the Akuapem State. Mamfe is arguably the central town of the state as it connects all the 17 towns of Akuapem as well as having a very good road passing through it to Koforidua, the Eastern Regional capital.
The Mamfehene, Osabarima Ansah Sasraku II, doubles as the Kyidomhene of Akuapem. Mamfe has featured regularly in the government’s budget statements when reference is made to the Tetteh Quarshie-Madina- Pantang-Mamfe road project.
That portion of the road from Akuapem to Accra was in a deplorable state until the 2000s when the then government secured funding to fix the Pantang –Mamfe portion. The Tetteh Quarshie to Pantang portion is in an advanced state of rehabilitation now.
Mamfe is thus a very popular town in Ghana in terms of geographical location and its role in traditional governance.
.
Festival
In terms of festivals, Akuapems are noted for their Odwira and Ohum festivals. Although the Odwira festivals of the people of Akropong, Aburi and Larteh appears to be more popular, the Ohum festival also has its own attraction.
The chiefs and people of Mamfe, Mampong and Tutu, among other towns on the Akuapem Ridge, celebrate Ohum.
But the Ohum of Mamfe is of a unique character. The Mamfe Ohum is also the occasion for what has become known as ‘Asafosa’. In other words it is the occasion for symbolic drinking, which also offers the opportunity for bonding, unity and peaceful co-existence.
The people of Mamfe celebrate Ohum and this ceremony is usually held in November/December. Ohum is one of Ghana's many festivals that see attendance from people from all walks of life including the diaspora.
Every year, the people of Mamfe celebrate the Ohum festival in December or January depending on the calculation of the traditional calendar (Akwasidae).
References
Populated places in Ghana |
Simaqiao () is a transfer station on Line 3 and Line 7 of the Chengdu Metro in China.
Station layout
Gallery
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2016
Chengdu Metro stations |
Klara Barlow (July 28, 1928 in Brooklyn, New York – January 20, 2008 in New York City) was an American opera singer who had an active international career from the mid-1960s to the 1990s. A dramatic soprano, Barlow particularly excelled in portraying Strauss and Wagnerian heroines. The 5-foot-11-inch-tall "platinum-blonde beauty" was ideal for playing the "Wagnerian blondes": roles like Elsa, Eva, Sieglinde, and Elisabeth. Although she worked most often in the German repertoire, Barlow also sang roles from the Italian, French, and Czech repertories. While her performance credits included leading roles at most of the world's major opera houses, she never achieved a high level of international fame. She did not participate in any commercial audio recordings, although her voice is preserved on a few television and radio broadcasts made in Germany, Canada, and the United States.
Early life and career
Born Alma Claire Williams, Barlow worked as a secretary, salesperson, receptionist and model before pursuing an opera career. She took the stage name "Klara Barlow" from a suggestion by a numerologist who told her that it would suit her better professionally. She studied voice under Cecile Jacobson in New York City and made her professional recital debut as a coloratura soprano at Carnegie Hall in 1954. Although critics were enthusiastic, she was unable to attract the interest of major opera companies in the United States. She did however, sing with Giuseppina La Puma's highly respected amateur company, The Mascagni Opera.
By 1961, twice divorced and with a nine-year-old daughter to support, she decided to try her luck in Europe. She moved to Switzerland to pursue further studies in opera and it was there that she was directed into the dramatic repertory. She finally made her professional opera debut as Venus in Richard Wagner' Tannhäuser at the Stadttheater Bern in 1962. She joined the roster of principal sopranos at the Stadttheater Oberhausen in 1963 where she sang for two seasons. In 1965 she joined the Kiel Opera House where she sang regularly for one year.
First major successes
Barlow's first major success came in 1966 when she made her debut at the Komische Oper Berlin as Donna Anna in Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Don Giovanni. The production was directed by Walter Felsenstein and was broadcast live on German television. That performance was recently released on DVD in January 2009 in a boxed collection with several other operas directed by Felsenstein at the Komische Oper between 1956 and 1976. She sang several more leading roles with the company during the 1966–1967 season to great success. Barlow next worked as a principal soprano at the Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden from 1967 to 1969 and then at the Opernhaus Zürich from 1969 to 1970. Her major successes at these houses were portraying heroines from operas by Richard Wagner, Richard Strauss, and Giuseppe Verdi. She made her first opera appearances in the United States in 1969 as the title role in Verdi's Aida with the Portland Opera and at the San Diego Opera as Elizabeth in Tannhäuser.
In 1967 Barlow sang her first Isolde in Wagner's Tristan und Isolde in Kiel, a performance which didn't put her on the map but it did lead to an engagement to sing the part at the 1968 Festival dei Due Mondi in Spoleto, Italy opposite Claude Heater as Tristan. The Spoletto production was directed and conducted by composer Gian Carlo Menotti and was highly received. After this point Isolde became one of Barlow's signature parts and she repeated the role in over thirty European performances over the next six years. Barlow's first major success at the Metropolitan Opera was as Isolde to Jon Vickers' Tristan in 1974; a performance broadcast live on the radio. The New York Times wrote a feature article on her performance, proclaiming it "the performance of her life". Time stated that, "To New York audiences who have seen almost nothing for 15 years except Birgit Nilsson's cool, ruminative portrayal, Barlow's sexy Isolde came as a pleasant shock." She had made her Met debut three years earlier as Leonore in Beethoven's Fidelio on February 3, 1971, with Robert Nagy as Florestan and William Dooley as Don Pizarro, later followed by performances of Donna Anna that year. Barlow returned to the Met several more times during the 1970s, singing Marina in Boris Godunov (1975), Amelia in Un Ballo in Maschera (1975-1976), and the title role in Elektra (1975). She last sang with the Met as one of the denizens in the company's first-season run of Kurt Weill's Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny in 1979.
Later life and career
During the 1970s and 1980s Barlow maintained an active career working as a freelance artist with companies throughout the world. She sang Freia in Das Rheingold and Sieglinde in Die Walküre for Seattle Opera's productions of Wagner's Ring Cycle from 1970 to 1972. She returned to Seattle in 1976 to portray Brünnhilde in Götterdämmerung, a role she also sang with the Dallas Opera in 1981. In 1972 she sang the role of Mathilde in the Opera Orchestra of New York's concert performance of Gioachino Rossini's William Tell with Louis Quilico in the title role. That same year she sang Donna Anna to Jerome Hines's Don Giovanni for her debut with the Philadelphia Lyric Opera Company. In 1973 she made an unexpected debut at the Bavarian State Opera as Elektra, getting a call to fill in for a sick artist just 17 hours before the curtain went up. In 1974 she made her debut at La Scala as Fata Morgana in Sergei Prokofiev's The Love for Three Oranges, also singing Leonore in Fidelio with the company that year.
In 1975 Barlow gave a lauded recital at New York City's Town Hall, performing a difficult program which included "O Hoffnung! O komm" from Beethoven's Leonore (what would later become "Komm, Hoffnung" from the revised Fidelio), the final scene from Anna Bolena, and a fully staged interpretation of the opening monologue from Elektra. Andrew Porter of The New Yorker wrote that Barlow "has a secure, powerful, and well-schooled soprano. She is the kind of honest, solidly reliable singer, definite in intention and definite about the actual notes, that is becoming increasingly rare." After comparing her versatility to that of soprano Florence Easton, Porter noted that "there is not much sensuous allure in Barlow's firm, strong tone, and no trace of dainty charm in her heroic manner. Yet I feel that I could go to hear her even in so apparently inappropriate a role as Verdi's Violetta or Puccini's Mimi with the assurance that nothing would be fudged or shirked. She drew long, clear lines. She plainly knew the meaning of everything she sang, and how to express it."
Barlow also portrayed leading roles at the Deutsche Oper Berlin (1970), the Opéra national du Rhin (1970), the Houston Grand Opera (1970), the Vienna State Opera (1972 and 1974), the Scottish Opera (1973), the Teatro Comunale di Bologna (1973), the Teatro Carlo Felice (1973), the Teatro Lirico Giuseppe Verdi (1974), the Lyric Opera of Chicago (1976-1977), the Cincinnati Opera (1978), and the Opera Company of Philadelphia (1981). Other companies on Barlow's résumé included the Hungarian State Opera, Théâtre du Capitole, Det Kongelige Teater, the Canadian Opera Company, Opera Memphis, the Palacio de Bellas Artes, the Hamburg State Opera, the Semperoper, and the Staatstheater Stuttgart. Some of her other opera roles included Abigaille in Nabucco, Agathe in Der Freischütz, Elisabetta in Don Carlos, Elsa in Lohengrin, Giulietta in The Tales of Hoffmann, Minnie Falconer in La fanciulla del West, Senta in The Flying Dutchman, and the title roles in Arabella, Ariadne auf Naxos, Jenůfa, Norma, Salome, Tosca, and Turandot. She also recorded the role of Salome for CBC Television.
Barlow's last opera season as a full-time performer was the 1985–1986 season where she sang Elektra and Leonore at the Bremen Theater and The Dyer's Wife in Die Frau ohne Schatten at Theater Bielefeld. In 1987 she took a job as a member of the voice faculty at Indiana University in Bloomington, where she taught through 2002. Although her performance career slowed down when she began teaching, Barlow continued to appear in operas into the mid-1990s. She notably portrayed Helen Pitts Douglass, the wife of Frederick Douglass, in the world premiere of Ulysses Kay and Donald Dorr's Frederick Douglass at the New Jersey State Opera in April 1991.
References
1928 births
2008 deaths
American operatic sopranos
Indiana University faculty
20th-century American women opera singers
Classical musicians from New York (state)
Singers from Brooklyn
American women academics
21st-century American women |
Ravenna is a historic two-and-a-half-story mansion in Natchez, Mississippi, U.S.. It was built in 1835-1836 for William Harris, a merchant commissioner, planter and Natchez alderman. It was designed in the Greek Revival architectural style, based on plans by Asher Benjamin. By the 1850s, it was purchased by the Metcalfe family, whose descendants owned the house until they sold it to Dr. Mallan Morgan in the 1980s. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 4, 1982.
Ravenna's address has been given as 8 Ravenna Lane and as 601 South Union Street. It is one of three houses which were originally part of a family compound, along with Ravenna Cottage at 4 Ravenna Lane and Ravennaside (c.1900) also at 601 South Union Street. All three are included in the 1999-listed Downriver Residential Historic District.
References
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Mississippi
Greek Revival architecture in Mississippi
Houses completed in 1836
Houses in Natchez, Mississippi
Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Mississippi
1836 establishments in Mississippi |
Dorothée Duntze is a French-born illustrator of fairy tales.
Duntze was born in September 1960 in Reims, France.
Works
Goodbye Little Bird (c. 1983) by Damjan Mischa and translated by Anthea Bell
The Princess and the Pea (c. 1985) by Hans Christian Andersen
Little Daylight (1987) by George MacDonald
The Golden Goose (c. 1989) adapted by Anthea Bell from original by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm
The Twelve Dancing Princesses (1995) translated by Anthea Bell from original by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm
The Six Swans translated by Anthea Bell from original by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm
Hansel and Gretel (2001) translated by Anthea Bell from original by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm
Rapunzel (2005) translated by Anthea Bell from original by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm
References
French women illustrators
1960 births
Artists from Reims
Living people
20th-century French women artists
20th-century French illustrators
20th-century illustrators of fairy tales
21st-century illustrators of fairy tales |
Alecu Reniță (born 8 November 1954) is a Moldovan politician. He is the chairman of the Ecological Movement of Moldova.
Biography
He served as member of the Parliament of Moldova and is a leader of the Democratic Forum of Romanians in Moldova.
References
External links
Cine au fost şi ce fac deputaţii primului Parlament din R. Moldova (1990-1994)?
Declaraţia deputaţilor din primul Parlament
Site-ul Parlamentului Republicii Moldova
Living people
Moldovan MPs 1990–1994
20th-century Moldovan politicians
Popular Front of Moldova MPs
Recipients of the Order of Honour (Moldova)
1954 births |
Cherniavsky (Ukrainian: , Russian: , Yiddish: is a Slavic surname derived from Polish Czerniawski. Notable people with the surname include:
People
Aleh Charnyawski (born 1970) Belarusian athlete
Daniel Cherniavsky (born 1933), Argentinian writer and television producer
Joseph Cherniavsky (c. 1890–1959), American composer and bandleader
Olga Chernyavskaya (born 1963), Russian Olympic athlete
Sally Fox (photographer) (1929-2006), American photographer and editor
Vlada Chernyavskaya (born 1966), Belarusian badminton player
Other uses
, a Ukrainian musical group mainly popular from 1901 to 1917
, a noble family of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russian Empire
, a village in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia
See also
Cherniavskyi
Aleksei Viktorovich Chernavskii (born 1938), Russian mathematician
Yury Chernavsky (born 1947), Russian producer, composer, and songwriter
Cherney
Czerniawski
Ukrainian-language surnames
Russian-Jewish surnames
Surnames of Polish origin |
Konsyerto sa Palasyo (KSP; ) is a concert series initiated by the government of the Philippines.
Background
The Konsyerto sa Palasyo (KSP) is a concert series set inside the Malacañang Palace complex intended to feature the 'best up and coming' Filipino artists by the Philippine government under the administration of President Bongbong Marcos. In February 2023 during the Ani ng Dangal Awards ceremony by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, Marcos urged the agency to cultivate the creative industry. He stressed that the industry should not be left behind in the recovery process of the Philippine economy's from the COVID-19 pandemic.
The concert series was first announced to the public on April 13, 2023.
It is organized by the following agencies: Office of the President, the Presidential Communications Office, Social Secretary's Office (SOSEC) and Presidential Broadcast Staff – Radio Television Malacañang (PBS-RTVM).
Konsyerto sa Palasyo: Awit ng Magiting, the first event set on April 22, 2023, is dedicated to the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) for "its sacrifices in maintaining the nation's sovereignty, peace and security". Several succeeding events are planned for the year 2023. Organizers plan to hold an event every 3 months.
Marcos' father, Ferdinand Marcos Sr. also had a similar program named the Concert in the Park which featured performances in open spaces.
Events
External links
References
Music events in the Philippines
2023 establishments in the Philippines
Presidential Communications Group (Philippines)
Recurring events established in 2023 |
Petrovouni is a small village on the escarpment above Kardamyli on the Mani Peninsula in Messenia on the southern Peloponnese peninsula of Greece. It is the home to the Karaveli Monastery and the Faneromeni Monastery of Mani.
Faneromeni Monastery
Most of the monastery buildings are in ruins or have been scavenged for building stone, but the main church, the katholikon, is still whole and is used on occasion. The church is set back from the road and is in a locked compound. The murals inside date from the 1780s.
External links
Chapman, John (2007) "Gournitsa and Petrovouni" Mani: a guide and history accessed 29 December 2007
Populated places in Messenia |
László Mihályfi (born 21 September 1939 in Mezőkeresztes) is a Hungarian former sprinter who competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics.
References
1939 births
Living people
Hungarian male sprinters
Olympic athletes for Hungary
Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
Sportspeople from Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County
FISU World University Games gold medalists for Hungary
Medalists at the 1961 Summer Universiade
Medalists at the 1963 Summer Universiade
Medalists at the 1965 Summer Universiade
20th-century Hungarian people
21st-century Hungarian people |
2007 World Cup may refer to:
Alpine skiing: 2007 Alpine Skiing World Cup
American football: 2007 IFAF World Cup in Japan
Baseball: 2007 Baseball World Cup in Taiwan
Biathlon: 2007 Biathlon World Cup
Bobsleigh: 2007 Bobsleigh World Cup
Cricket: 2007 Cricket World Cup hosted by the West Indies
Cricket: ICC World Twenty20 hosted by South Africa
Cross-country skiing: 2006-2007 Cross-Country Skiing World Cup
Cycling (track): 2007 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
Cyclo-cross: 2006/07 UCI Cyclo-cross World Cup
Football (soccer): 2007 FIFA Club World Cup in Japan
Football (soccer): 2007 FIFA U-17 World Cup in South Korea
Football (soccer): 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Canada
Football (soccer): 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup in China
Freestyle skiing: 2007 Freestyle Skiing World Cup
Golf: 2007 Omega Mission Hills World Cup
Luge: 2007 Luge World Cup
Nordic combined: 2007 Nordic Combined World Cup
Rugby Union: 2007 Rugby World Cup in France
Short track: 2007 Short Track Speed Skating World Cup
Skeleton: 2007 Skeleton World Cup
Ski jumping: 2007 Ski Jumping World Cup
Snowboarding: 2007 Snowboarding World Cup
Speed skating: 2007 Speed Skating World Cup
Speedway: 2007 Speedway World Cup
Volleyball: 2007 FIVB Women's World Cup
See also
2007 World Championships (disambiguation)
2007 World Junior Championships (disambiguation)
2007 Continental Championships (disambiguation) |
Wilhelmina Cornelia Maria (Anne Wil) Blankers (born 21 October 1940) is a Dutch actress. She was awarded the Theo d'Or in 1976 and 1985.
Selected filmography
References
External links
1940 births
Living people
Dutch film actresses
Dutch stage actresses
20th-century Dutch actresses |
Gunnar Graarud (1 June 1886 - 6 December 1960) was a Norwegian operatic tenor. After making his debut in 1919, he was a leading artist at the Berlin State Opera from 1924-1926 and at the Vienna State Opera from 1929-1937. In 1927 he created the role of The blind judge in the world premiere of Erich Wolfgang Korngold's Das Wunder der Heliane at the Hamburg State Opera. In 1928 he sang the role of Tristan for the first recording of Richard Wagner's Tristan und Isolde. After retiring from the stage he was a member of the voice faculty at the Vienna Academy of Music. One of his notable pupils was bass Otto Edelmann.
Sources
Opera News, "Graarud, Gunnar", Vol. 26, 1961, p. 150,
Literature
Klaus Ulrich Spiegel: "Repräsentant eines Ideals - Der stilbewusste Tenor Gunnar Graarud" - Edition HAfG Acoustics Hamburg 2013
1886 births
1960 deaths
Norwegian operatic tenors
20th-century Norwegian male opera singers |
Scaling and root planing, also known as conventional periodontal therapy, non-surgical periodontal therapy or deep cleaning, is a procedure involving removal of dental plaque and calculus (scaling or debridement) and then smoothing, or planing, of the (exposed) surfaces of the roots, removing cementum or dentine that is impregnated with calculus, toxins, or microorganisms, the agents that cause inflammation. It is a part of non-surgical periodontal therapy. This helps to establish a periodontium that is in remission of periodontal disease. Periodontal scalers and periodontal curettes are some of the tools involved.
A regular, non-deep teeth cleaning includes tooth scaling, tooth polishing, and debridement if too much tartar has accumulated, but does not include root planing.
Plaque
Plaque is a soft yellow-grayish substance that adheres to the tooth surfaces including removable and fixed restorations. It is an organised biofilm that is primarily composed of bacteria in a matrix of glycoproteins and extracellular polysaccharides. This matrix makes it impossible to remove the plaque by rinsing or using sprays. Materia alba is similar to plaque but it lacks the organized structure of plaque and hence easily displaced with rinses and sprays.
Although everyone has a tendency to develop plaque and materia alba, through regular brushing and flossing these organized colonies of bacteria are disturbed and eliminated from the oral cavity. In general, the more effective one's brushing, flossing, and other oral homecare practices, the less plaque will accumulate on the teeth.
However, if, after 24 hours in the oral environment, biofilm remains undisturbed by brushing or flossing, it begins to absorb the mineral content of saliva. Through this absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the saliva, oral biofilm is transformed from the soft, easily removable form into a hard substance known as calculus. Commonly known as 'tartar', calculus provides a base for new layers of plaque biofilm to settle on and builds up over time. Calculus cannot be removed by brushing or flossing.
Plaque build up and bone loss
Plaque accumulation tends to be thickest along the gumline. Because of the proximity of this area to the gum tissue, the bacterial plaque begins to irritate and infect the gums. This infection of the gum causes the gum disease known as gingivitis, which literally means inflammation of the gingiva, or gums. Gingivitis is characterized by swelling, redness and bleeding gums. It is the first step in the decline of periodontal health, and the only step which can be fully reversed to restore one's oral health.
As the gingival tissue swells, it no longer provides an effective seal between the tooth and the outside environment. Vertical space is created between the tooth and the gum, allowing new bacterial plaque biofilm to begin to migrate into the sulcus, or space between the gum and the tooth. In healthy individuals, the sulcus is no more than 3 mm deep when measured with a periodontal probe. As the gingivitis stage continues, the capillaries within the sulcus begin to dilate, resulting in more bleeding when brushing, flossing, or at dental appointments. This is the body's attempt to clear the infection from the tissues. Thus, bleeding is generally accepted as a sign of active oral infection. The swelling of the tissue may also result in deeper reading on periodontal probing, up to 4 mm. At a depth of 4 mm or greater, the vertical space between the tooth and surrounding gum becomes known as a periodontal pocket. Because tooth brush and floss cannot reach the bottom of a gum pocket 4–5 mm deep, bacteria stagnate in these sites and have the opportunity to proliferate into periodontal disease-causing colonies.
Once bacterial plaque has infiltrated the pocket, the transformation from biofilm into calculus continues. This results in an ulceration in the lining of the tissue, which begins to break down the attachment of the gum to the tooth. Gingival attachment begins to loosen further as the bacterial plaque continues to invade the space created by the swelling it causes. This plaque eventually transforms into calculus, and the process continues, resulting in deposits under the gum, and an increase in pocket depth. As the depth of the vertical space between the tooth and the gum reaches 5mm, a change occurs. The bacterial morphology, or make up, of the biofilm changes from the gram positive aerobic bacteria found in biofilm located supragingivally, or above the gumline. Replacing these gram positive bacteria of the general oral flora are obligate anaerobic gram negative bacteria. These bacteria are far more destructive in nature than their aerobic cousins. The cell walls of gram negative bacteria contain endotoxins, which allow these organisms to destroy gingival tissue and bone much more quickly. Periodontitis officially begins when these bacteria begin to act, resulting in bone loss. This bone loss marks the transition of gingivitis to true periodontal disease. In other words, the term periodontal disease may be synonymous with bone loss.
The first evidence of periodontal disease damage becomes apparent in radiographs as the crestal bone of the jaw begins to become blunted, slanted, or scooped out in appearance. This destruction occurs as a result of the effect of bacterial endotoxins on bone tissue. Because the bone is alive, it contains cells in it that build bone, known as osteoblasts, and cells that break down bone, called osteoclasts. Usually these work at the same speed and keep each other in balance. In periodontitis, however, the chemical mediators, or by-products, of chronic inflammation stimulate the osteoclasts, causing them to work more rapidly than the cells that build bone. The net result is that bone is lost, and the loss of bone and attachment tissues is called periodontal disease.
These processes will persist, causing greater damage, until the infectious bacterial agents (plaque) and local irritating factors (calculus) are removed. In order to effectively remove these at this stage in the disease process, brushing and flossing are no longer sufficient. This is due to several factors, the most important to note being the depth of the periodontal pocket. Brushing and flossing are effective only at removing the soft materia alba and biofilm in supragingival areas, and in pockets up to 3 mm deep. Even the best brushing and flossing is ineffective at cleaning pockets of greater depths, and are never effective in removing calculus. Therefore, in order to remove the causative factors that lead to periodontal disease, pocket depth scaling and root planing procedures are often recommended.
Once the bacteria and calculus are removed from the periodontal pocket, the tissue can begin to heal. The inflammation dissipates as the infection declines, allowing the swelling to decrease which results in the gums once again forming an effective seal between the root of the tooth and the outside environment. However, the damage caused by periodontal disease never heals completely. Bone loss due to the disease process is irreversible. The gingival tissue of the gums also tends to suffer permanent effects once the disease reaches a certain point. Because gum tissue requires bone to support it, if bone loss has been extensive, a patient will have permanent recession of the gums, and therefore exposure of the roots of the teeth in involved areas. If the bone loss is extensive enough, the teeth may begin to become mobile, or loose, and without intervention to arrest the disease process, will be lost.
Contrary to old beliefs, it is not a normal part of aging to lose one's teeth. Rather, it is periodontal disease that is the main cause of tooth loss in the adult population.
Periodontal intervention
Treatment of periodontitis may include several steps, the first of which often requires the removal of the local causative factors in order to create a biologically compatible environment between the tooth and the surrounding periodontal tissues, the gums and underlying bone. Left untreated, chronic inflammation of the gums and supporting tissue can raise a person's risk of heart disease.
Prior to beginning these procedures, the patient is generally numbed in the area intended for instrumentation. Because of the deeper nature of periodontal scaling and root planing, either one half or one quarter of the mouth is generally cleaned during one appointment. This allows the patient to be entirely numbed in the necessary area during treatment. It is usually not recommended to have the entire mouth scaled at one appointment because of the potential inconveniences and complications of numbing the entire mouth- i.e., inability to eat or drink, likelihood of self injury by biting, etc.
Generally, the first step is the removal of dental plaque, the microbial biofilm, from the tooth, a procedure called scaling. Root planing involves smoothing the tooth's root. These procedures may be referred to as scaling and root planing, periodontal cleaning, or deep cleaning. These names all refer to the same procedure. The term "deep cleaning" originates from the fact that pockets in patients with periodontal disease are literally deeper than those found in individuals with healthy periodontia. Such scaling and root planing may be performed using a number of dental tools, including ultrasonic instruments and hand instruments, such as periodontal scalers and curettes.
The objective for periodontal scaling and root planing is to remove dental plaque and calculus (tartar), which house bacteria that release toxins which cause inflammation to the gum tissue and surrounding bone. Planing often removes some of the cementum or dentine from the tooth.
Removal of adherent plaque and calculus with hand instruments can also be performed prophylactically on patients without periodontal disease. A prophylaxis refers to scaling and polishing of the teeth in order to prevent oral diseases. Polishing does not remove calculus, but only some plaque and stains, and should therefore be done only in conjunction with scaling.
Often, an electric device, known as an ultrasonic scaler, sonic scaler, or power scaler may be used during scaling and root planing. Ultrasonic scalers vibrate at a high frequency to help with removing stain, plaque and calculus. In addition, ultrasonic scalers create tiny air bubbles through a process known as cavitation. These bubbles serve an important function for periodontal cleanings. Since the bacteria living in periodontically involved pockets are mainly obligate anaerobes, meaning unable to survive in the presence of oxygen, these bubbles help to destroy them. The oxygen helps to break down bacterial cell membranes and causes them to lyse, or burst.
Since it is of the utmost importance to remove the entirety of the deposit in each periodontal pocket, attention to detail during this procedure is crucial. Therefore, depending on the depth of the pocket and amount of calculus deposit versus soft biofilm deposit, hand instruments may be used to complete the fine hand scaling that removes anything the ultrasonic scaler left behind. Alternatively, power scalers may be used following hand scaling in order to dispel deposits that have been removed from the tooth or root structure, but remain within the periodontal pocket.
Sonic and ultrasonic scalers are powered by a system that causes the tip to vibrate. Sonic scalers are powered by an air-driven turbine. Ultrasonic scalers use either magnetostrictive or piezoelectric systems to create vibration. Magnetostrictive scalers use a stack of metal plates bonded to the tool tip. The stack is induced to vibrate by an external coil connected to an AC source. Ultrasonic scalers also include a liquid output or lavage, which aids in cooling the tool during use, as well as rinsing all the unwanted materials from the teeth and gum line. The lavage can also be used to deliver antimicrobial agents.
Although the final result of ultrasonic scalers can be produced by using hand scalers, ultrasonic scalers are sometimes faster and less irritating to the client. Ultrasonic scalers do create aerosols which can spread pathogens when a client carries an infectious disease. Research differs on whether there is a difference in effectiveness between ultrasonic scalers and hand instruments. Of particular importance to dentists themselves is that the use of an ultrasonic scaler may reduce the risk of repetitive stress injury, because ultrasonic scalers require less pressure and repetition compared to hand scalers.
A new addition to the tools used to treat periodontal disease is the dental laser. Lasers of differing strengths are used for many procedures in modern dentistry, including fillings. In a periodontal setting, a laser may be used following scaling and root planing in order to promote healing of the tissues.
After scaling
Following scaling, additional steps may be taken to disinfect the periodontal tissues. Oral irrigation of the periodontal tissues may be done using chlorhexidine gluconate solution, which has high substantivity in the oral tissues. This means that unlike other mouthwashes, whose benefits end upon expectorating, the active antibacterial ingredients in chlorhexidine gluconate infiltrate the tissue and remain active for a period of time. However effective, chlorhexidine gluconate is not meant for long-term use. A recent European study suggests a link between the long-term use of the mouthrinse and high blood pressure, which may lead to a higher incidence of cardiovascular events. In the United States, it is available only through a doctor's prescription, and in small, infrequent doses it has been shown to aid in tissue healing after surgery. Current research indicates the irrigation of CHX after SC/RP may inhibit the re-attachment of periodontal tissues. Specifically preventing the formation of fibroblasts. An alternate irrigation with povidone-iodine may be used - if no contra-indications exist.
Site specific antibiotics may also be placed in the periodontal pocket following scaling and root planing in order to provide additional healing of infected tissues. Unlike antibiotics which are taken orally to achieve a systemic effect, site specific antibiotics are placed specifically in the area of infection. These antibiotics are placed directly into the periodontal pockets and release slowly over a period of time. This allows the medication to seep into the tissues and destroy bacteria that may be living within the gingiva, providing even further disinfection and facilitation of healing. Certain site specific antibiotics provide not only this benefit, but also boast an added benefit of reduction in pocket depth. Arestin, a popular site specific brand of the antibiotic minocycline, is claimed to enable regaining of at least 1 mm of gingival reattachment height.
In cases of severe periodontitis, scaling and root planing may be considered the initial therapy prior to future surgical needs. Additional procedures such as bone grafting, tissue grafting, and/or gingival flap surgery done by a periodontist (a dentist who specializes in periodontal treatment) may be necessary for severe cases or for patients with refractory (recurrent) periodontitis.
Patients who present with severe or necrotizing periodontal disease may have further steps involved in their treatment. These patients often have genetic or systemic factors that contribute to the development and severity of their periodontitis. Common examples include diabetes type I and type II, a family history of periodontal disease, and immunocompromised individuals. For such patients, the practitioner may take a sample from the pockets to allow for culture and more specific identification and treatment of the causative organism. Intervention may also include discontinuation of medication that contributes to the patient's vulnerability or referral to a physician to address an existing but previously untreated condition if it plays a role in the periodontal disease process.
Full mouth treatment
The "traditional" debridement procedure involves four sessions spaced two weeks apart, doing one quadrant (one quarter of the mouth) each session. In 1995 a group in Leuven proposed doing the whole mouth in about 24 hours (two sessions). When done using ultrasonic instruments this is called full mouth ultrasonic debridement (FMUD). The rationale for full mouth debridement is that quadrants that have been cleaned will not be reinfected with bacteria from quadrants that have not yet been cleaned. Other advantages of full mouth ultrasonic debridement include speed/reduced treatment time, and reduced need for anaesthesia, with equivalent results to scaling and planing. One study found that the average time to treat each pocket with full-mouth ultrasonic debridement was 3.3 minutes, whereas it took 8.8 minutes per pocket for quadrant scaling and root planing (SRP). Differences in improvement were not statistically significant. Studies by the Leuven group, using somewhat different protocols, found that the one-stage treatment (i.e. in 24 hours) gave better results than the quadrant-by-quadrant approach (taking six weeks). They also had the patients use chlorhexidine for two months after the treatment.
Depth of planing
Another question in dental cleaning is how much cementum or dentine should be removed from the roots. Bacterial contamination of root surfaces is limited in depth, so extensive planing away of cementum – as advocated by traditional scaling and root planing – is not necessary to allow periodontal healing and the formation of new attachment. In contrast to traditional scaling and root planing, the aim of some FMUD procedures is to disturb the bacterial biofilm within the periodontal pocket, without removing cementum. Typically, root planing will require the use of hand instruments such as specialized dental curettes instead of the scaler tips used in FMUD to debride the root surface and periodontal pocket.
Evidence-based dentistry
Several systematic reviews have been made of the effectiveness of scaling and root planing as evidence-based dentistry. A Cochrane review, updated in 2018 considered only scaling and polishing of the teeth, but not root planing. After examining two studies with 1711 participants they concluded that routine scale and polish treatment for adults without severe periodontitis makes little to no difference for gingivitis, probing depths or oral health quality of life when compared to no scheduled care. Oral hygiene instruction was found to help as well. Another inconclusive review of scaling and polishing (without planing) was published by the British Dental Association in 2015.
An extensive review that did involve root planing was published by the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health in 2016. It made a number of findings, including (1) In five randomized controlled trials, scaling and root planing "was associated with a decrease in plaque from baseline at one month, three months, or six months;" and (2) Four studies analyzed changes in the gingival index (GI) from the baseline and "found a significant improvement from baseline in the scaling and root planing group at three months and six months." This study also discussed evidence-based guidelines for frequency of scaling with and without root planing for patients both with and without chronic periodontitis. The group that produced one of the main systematic reviews used in the 2016 Canadian review has published guidelines based on its findings. They recommend that scaling and root planing (SRP) should be considered as the initial treatment for patients with chronic periodontitis. They note that "the strength of the recommendation is limited because SRP is considered the reference standard and thus used as an active control for periodontal trials and there are few studies in which investigators compare SRP with no treatment." They add however that "root planing ... carries the risk of damaging the root surface and potentially causing tooth or root sensitivity. Generally expected post-SRP procedural adverse effects include discomfort."
Enamel cracks, early caries and resin restorations can be damaged during scaling. A study conducted in 2018 recommended that teeth condition and restorations should be identified before undergoing the ultrasonic scaling procedures.
Effectiveness of the procedure
A scaling and root planing procedure is to be considered effective if the patient is subsequently able to maintain their periodontal health without further bone or attachment loss and if it prevents recurrent infection with periodontal pathogens.
The long term effectiveness of scaling and root planing depends upon a number of factors. These factors include patient compliance, disease progress at the time of intervention, probing depth, and anatomical factors like grooves in the roots of teeth, concavities, and furcation involvement which may limit visibility of underlying deep calculus and debris.
First and foremost, periodontal scaling and root planing is a procedure that must be done thoroughly and with attention to detail in order to ensure complete removal of all calculus and plaque from involved sites. If these causative agents are not removed, the disease will continue to progress and further damage will result. In cases of mild to moderate periodontitis, scaling and root planing can achieve excellent results if the procedure is thorough. As periodontitis increases in severity, a greater amount of supporting bone is destroyed by the infection. This is illustrated clinically by the deepening of the periodontal pockets targeted for cleaning and disinfection during the procedure. Once the periodontal pockets exceed 6 mm in depth, the effectiveness of deposit removal begins to decrease, and the likelihood of complete healing after one procedure begins to decline as well. The more severe the infection prior to intervention, the greater the effort required to arrest its progress and return the patient to health. Diseased pockets over 6 mm can be resolved through periodontal flap surgery, performed by a dental specialist known as a periodontist.
Although healing of the soft tissues will begin immediately following removal of the microbial biofilm and calculus that cause the disease, scaling and root planing is only the first step in arresting the disease process. Following initial cleaning and disinfection of all affected sites, it is necessary to prevent the infection from recurring. Therefore, patient compliance is by far the most important factor having the greatest influence on the success or failure of periodontal intervention. Immediately following treatment, the patient will need to maintain excellent oral care at home. With proper homecare, which includes but is by no means limited to brushing twice daily for 2–3 minutes, flossing daily and use of mouthrinse, the potential for effective healing following scaling and root planing increases. Commitment to and diligence in the thorough completion of daily oral hygiene practices are essential to this success. If the patient fails to change the factors that allowed the disease to set in – for example, not flossing or brushing only once a day – the infection will likely recur.
The process which allows for the formation of deep periodontal pockets does not occur overnight. Therefore, it is unrealistic to expect the tissue to heal completely in a similarly short time period. Gains in gingival attachment may occur slowly over time, and ongoing periodontal maintenance visits are usually recommended every three to four months to sustain health. The frequency of these later appointments is key to maintaining the results of the initial scaling and root planing, especially in the first year immediately following treatment.
Since the patient may still have pockets that surpass the effective cleaning ability of a brush or floss, for long-term success of their treatment they should return every 90 days in order to ensure that those pockets remain free of deposit. Patients should be counseled that 90 days is not an arbitrary interval; at 90 days, the healing made possible by the scaling and root planing will be complete. This will allow the practitioner to re-measure pocket depths to determine whether the intervention was successful. At this appointment, progress will be discussed, as well as any refractory periodontitis. At 90 days from the original scaling and root planing, the periodontal bacteria, if any remain, will have reached their full strength again. Therefore, if there are remaining areas of disease, the practitioner will clean them again, and may place more site-specific antibiotic. Furthermore, this appointment allows for the review of homecare, or necessary additions or education.
See also
Teeth cleaning
Tooth polishing
Debridement (dental)
Periodontal disease
Dental aerosol
References
External links
Dentistry procedures
Oral hygiene |
The American Aerolights Eagle is an American ultralight aircraft that was produced by American Aerolights, introduced in 1975. The aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction.
Different sources attribute the design to Larry Hair or Larry Newman.
Design and development
The Eagle was designed before the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules were introduced, but it fits into the category, including the category's maximum empty weight of . The Eagle 215B has a standard empty weight of . It features a cable-braced high-wing, canard, a single-seat, open cockpit, tricycle landing gear and a single engine in pusher configuration.
The aircraft is made from bolted-together aluminum alloy tubing, with the flying surfaces covered in 4 oz Dacron sailcloth. Its span wing cable bracing from a single kingpost. The wing incorporates downwards pointing wing tip rudders and a trailing edge that was defined only by the sailcloth edge. This latter feature caused a number of fatal accidents due to sailcloth UV deterioration. Heavier weight sailcloth was substituted and finally a steel cable was used at the trailing edge. A fore and aft boom that acts as the wing keel also supports the canard surface. Different Eagle models used different control systems, gradually becoming more conventional over time. Assembly time from the kit is 75 hours.
The Eagle was built in several models and in very large numbers. A two-seat version, the Double Eagle was produced and used by the Monterey Park, California Police Department in 1981. The accidents from the trailing edge design resulted in a number of lawsuits that eventually drove the company out of business.
Variants
Eagle 215B
First model, introduced in 1975. It has an unconventional control system, with pitch controlled by the canard surface, which is actuated by pilot weight shift fore and aft in the sling seat. A side stick deflects the wing tip rudders to create drag which causes yaw; the wing's dihedral effect then produces roll. Empty weight , gross weight
Eagle XL
Later model with a more conventional control system. A stick controls the canard surface for pitch control and wing-mounted spoilers for roll control. The downwards-pointing wing tip rudders are retained and enlarged, but controlled by rudder pedals.
Double Eagle
Two seat model.
Aircraft on display
Canada
Saskatchewan Western Development Museum - Moose Jaw, Eagle 215B
United States of America
Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center - Double Eagle
Netherlands
Kampeerwereld Hendriks, Ermelo, Netherlands - Eagle CA 'PH-1M5' suspended from ceiling over the entrance.
Specifications (Eagle XL)
References
1970s United States ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
American Aerolights aircraft
Canard aircraft |
The Basel city walls are a complex of walls surrounding the central part of the Swiss city of Basel, only partially preserved today. The first city wall was completed around 1080 under bishop Burkhard von Fenis. A newer wall was constructed around 1230, which is known as the Inner Wall. Its course was mostly identical to the Burkhard wall. In 1362 the construction of a larger wall complex began due to the city's expansion; it was completed in 1398, and is known as the Outer Wall. In 1859 the city's executives decided to raze the inner wall and gates to the ground. Three outer city gates and a short piece of the wall were saved from demolition and are being preserved as part of the city's heritage.
History
At the end of the 11th century, the growing settlement in the valley was walled, though settlement continued outside the wall. As the town spread up the west slopes surrounding the Birsig river, that section was walled also. At the beginning of the 13th century, all these sections were included within a single wall that embraced both the valley and hill settlements. In 1362, the city began building a new, wider city wall, which also enclosed the suburbs. It is possible that the destruction wrought by the earthquake of 1356 contributed to the decision to build a new wall. Among the construction materials were debris from the destruction and Jewish gravestones from the cemetery of the first Jewish community of Basel, which was destroyed in the violence surrounding the outbreak of the Black Death in 1348. The construction of the outer city walls was completed in 1398 and these walls lasted until the mid-nineteenth century.
In 1859, the city walls were demolished in order to increase space and improve hygiene conditions in the city. The debris from the demolished walls were used to fill in the city moat, and these areas were converted into new streets and spaces, many of which bear names referring to the original wall. During this process, most of the embedded gravestones were lost. Ten of the few remaining ones are on display in the courtyard of the Jewish Museum of Switzerland.
City gates
Outer gates
Three gates from the outer wall have been preserved, and today they represent landmarks of Basel and a heritage site of national significance:
The Spalentor (Gate of Spalen) is regarded as one of the most beautiful gates of Switzerland.
The Sankt-Alban-Tor (Gate of Saint Alban)
The Sankt-Johanns-Tor (Gate of Saint John).
The Aeschentor (Aeschen Gate) was pulled down in 1861 along with three other gateways and the city walls. From the 14th century, it was the principal gate from Basel to Aesch.
Inner gates
The inner walls used to encircle the Great Basel (Gross Basel) on the west bank and Small Basel (Kleinbasel) on the east bank of the Rhine. All the inner gates and walls were demolished between 1860 and 1870:
East bank
Aeschenschwibbogen was a small gate near the east bank of the Birsig. Aesch is a village about south of Basel old town. (It is nowadays a suburb of the city.) A is a type of buttress, in the form of an arch which braces the structures on either side. Aeschenschwibbogen was first documented in 1261 as 'Eschmertor', in connection with a donation to Saint Urban's Abbey. Later names include 'Aeschentor' and 'Inneres Aeschentor'. Its original function became obsolete in the 14th century when the outer city wall was built, and that function was taken over by the Aeschentor in the outer wall. The upper half of the tower was removed in August 1545, after a crack in the masonry appeared. The gate is recorded as having been equipped with a clock from the middle of the 16th century.
In August 1839, Rudolf Forcart-Hoffmann, a manufacturer of passementerie, petitioned the ('Lesser Council') of Basel that Aeschenschwibbogen should be demolished. He wanted to build a new house, , at the location. This would serve a double purpose: beautifying the city, and removing a bottleneck on an important traffic route. Permission was granted, and Aeschenschwibbogen was demolished in 1841.
The Steinentor (Gate of Steinen) was pulled down in 1866 along with most of the city walls.
The Rheintor (Rhine Gate) was pulled down in 1839, about twenty years before the other city walls. It was located at the Rhine bridge on the western river bank.
West bank
The Riehentor (Gate of Riehen) was pulled down in 1864.
The Bläsitor (Gate of Saint Blaise) was pulled down in 1867.
Other wall buildings
The Thomasturm (Thomas Tower) was a watchtower just across the Sankt-Johanns-Tor. It was named after Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury.
Letziturm (Letzi Tower) consists of two closely spaced towers at the eastern end of the walls, near the Sankt-Alban-Tor.
Rail gate (built in the 19th century along with the Alsatian rail station)
Gate of Brigitte (in the Saint Alban quarter)
Upper Rhine gate
See also
1356 Basel earthquake
References
External links
Buildings and structures in Basel
Basel
History of Basel |
The Pat Day Mile Stakes is a Grade II American Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds held on dirt over a distance of one mile scheduled on Kentucky Derby Day at Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky. The current purse is $500,000.
History
Race name
Originally, the event was known as the Derby Trial Stakes and was held one week before the Kentucky Derby. It was first run in 1924 and every year since, with the exception of 1928.
The race name was given similar to races in Britain which preceded the Epsom Derby such as
the Investec Derby Trial (now Blue Riband Trial Stakes) and Lingfield Derby Trial and in Australia, the Geelong Derby Trial Stakes (now known as the Geelong Classic).
In 2015, this race was renamed to the Pat Day Mile Stakes (in honor of the Hall of Fame jockey, Pat Day) and moved to the undercard of Kentucky Derby day. Its purse was increased from $150,000 to $200,000. In 2016, the purse was raised to $250,000.
From 2010 through 2012, it had been named the Cliff's Edge Derby Trial.
Distance and class
The distance was reduced between 1977 and 1981 to 7 furlongs. And once again the distance from 2007 to 2009 was furlongs. The Derby Trial Stakes was an ungraded event from 2006 to 2008.
Winners of the Trial and Derby
Four trainers have won the Derby Trial and the Kentucky Derby with the same horse. The feat was accomplished by Hanley Webb in 1924 with Black Gold and by Ben A. Jones who did it twice, first with the great Citation in 1948 and then with Hill Gail in 1952. Eddie Hayward won both in 1953 with Dark Star and in 1958 Jimmy Jones, son of Ben, became the fourth and last to do it when he won the two races with Tim Tam. Since Tim Tam, the gradual trend in training has been toward giving Derby contenders fewer prep races and more time between them. This practice has all but eliminated the Trial as a legitimate Derby prep race. Even the 1982 decision to move it from the Tuesday before the Derby to the Saturday before didn't help.
However, the three weeks between the Trial and the 1 3/16ths-mile Preakness in Baltimore is perfect. In recent years, the Trial has sent the Preakness such horses as Key to the Mint (1972), No More Flowers (1987), Houston (1989), Honor Grades (1991), Alydeed (1992), Cherokee Run (1993), Numerous (1994), Our Gatsby (1995), Black Cash (1998), Patience Game (1999), Sir Shackleton (2004), Flying First Class (2007), Macho Again (2008), and Pleasant Prince (2010).
Although none of those Trial horses won the Preakness, Alydeed, Cherokee Run and Macho Again finished second at Pimlico Race Course and Key to the Mint finished third. And two of trainer Woody Stephens' Trial winners Caveat in 1983 and Creme Fraiche in '85 went on to win the Belmont Stakes (GI). Additionally, the 2008 Belmont Stakes was won by Da'Tara, trained by Nick Zito, who finished in fifth place in the 2008 Derby Trial Stakes.
Calumet Farm had three horses that finished second in the Trial. In 1941, Whirlaway finished second to Blue Pair in the Trial, but then roared back to win the Triple Crown. In 1949, Ponder was second to Olympia in the Trial, but came back five days later to take the Derby by three lengths over Capot.
In 1957, Middleground finished second in the Trial to Black George on a muddy track, but won the Kentucky Derby later on a fast track.
And then there was the ill-fated Gen. Duke in 1957. He came to Churchill Downs touted as a potential superstar, but finished second to Federal Hill in the Trial. Then, the morning of the Derby, Gen. Duke was scratched because of a foot injury suffered in the Trial.
In 1967, Barb's Delight became the last Trial horse to have a significant impact on the Derby, finishing second by a length to longshot Proud Clarion. Don't Get Mad finished fourth in the Derby in 2005.
The last horse to win the Saturday before the Derby and then win the roses was Cannonade in 1974. But the race he won was the now-defunct 7f Stepping Stone Purse, not the Derby Trial.
Losers of the Trial and winners of the Derby
Several Kentucky Derby winners failed to win the Trial, but bounced back to win the "Run for the Roses." Most notable of those were Calumet Farm's Iron Liege, who finished fifth in the Trial and returned to defeat a Kentucky Derby field that included champions Gallant Man, Round Table and Bold Ruler and is generally considered to be the greatest field in Derby history. King Ranch's Assault finished fourth in the Trial, but returned to win the Derby and sweep the Triple Crown. In 1941, Triple Crown winner Whirlaway finished second in the Derby Trial, but returned to sweep the Derby, Preakness Stakes and Belmont Stakes.
Records
Speed record
1:28.45 - Macho Again (2008) (at distance of furlongs)
1:34.18 - Competitive Edge (2015) (at distance of one mile)
Most wins by a jockey
4 - Eddie Arcaro (1948, 1949, 1952, 1959)
4 - Pat Day (1987, 1991, 1993, 2000)
Most wins by a trainer
5 - Ben A. Jones (1943, 1947, 1948, 1951, 1952)
Most wins by an owner
9 - Calumet Farm (1943, 1947, 1948, 1951, 1952, 1956, 1958, 2017, 2018)
Winners
See also
Road to the Kentucky Derby
References
The 2009 Derby Trial Stakes at the NTRA
Churchill Downs horse races
Flat horse races for three-year-olds
Triple Crown Prep Races
Graded stakes races in the United States
Recurring sporting events established in 1924
1924 establishments in Kentucky
May events
Grade 3 stakes races in the United States |
Circumferential Road 5 (C-5), informally known as the C-5 Road, is a network of roads and bridges that all together form the fifth beltway of Metro Manila in the Philippines. Spanning some , it connects the cities of Las Piñas, Makati, Parañaque, Pasay, Pasig, Quezon City, Taguig, and Valenzuela.
It runs parallel to the four other beltways around Metro Manila, and is also known for being the second most important transportation corridor after Circumferential Road 4.
The route is not yet complete to date, because of certain controversies regarding right of way, but portions of the route are already open for public use. On July 23, 2019, the two segments of the route has been connected together with the completion of the C-5 Southlink Expressway, through a flyover over the Skyway and the SLEX in 2019.
Route description
C-5 lies parallel to other circumferential roads around Metro Manila, most notably EDSA of C-4, passing through the cities of Valenzuela, Quezon City, Pasig, Makati, Taguig, Pasay, Parañaque, and Las Piñas. The road is divided into several segments.
NLEX Harbor Link
From MacArthur Highway in Karuhatan, Valenzuela to Harbor Link Interchange, a cloverleaf interchange with the main line of the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX), C-5 is known as NLEX Karuhatan Link or NLEX Segment 9. It is also the first segment of the NLEX Harbor Link project, which connects the NLEX with Port of Manila. The entire toll road is designated as a part of C-5 Road.
From the Harbor Link Interchange to a 3-way signalized junction with Mindanao Avenue, C-5 is known as NLEX–Mindanao Avenue Link or NLEX Segment 8.1. The entire toll road is also designated as a part of C-5 Road.
Mindanao Avenue
At the eastern end of NLEX Segment 8.1, C-5 turns southeast and becomes Mindanao Avenue. It is a 10-lane divided carriageway that serves as the main transportation corridor of Barangays Talipapa and Tandang Sora in Quezon City. The portion of this road from NLEX Segment 8.1 to Congressional Avenue is designated as a portion of C-5.
Congressional Avenue
At the signaled junction with Mindanao Avenue, C-5 turns northeast as the Congressional Avenue, a six-lane divided carriageway that serves as the main east to west transportation corridor of Barangays Bahay Toro, Culiat, Pasong Tamo, and Tandang Sora in Quezon City. It then continues east for up to Luzon Avenue.
Luzon Avenue
At the end of Congressional Avenue Extension, C-5 turns south as Luzon Avenue, a 4-lane divided city road between Barangays Culiat and Matandang Balara in Quezon City, for up to Commonwealth Avenue. The 6-lane Luzon Avenue Flyover carries C-5 across Commonwealth Avenue to connect it with Tandang Sora Avenue.
Tandang Sora Avenue
Southeast of Commonwealth Avenue, C-5 is known as Tandang Sora Avenue. It runs for from Barangay Matandang Balara, going around the University of the Philippines Diliman campus, up to the junction with Magsaysay Avenue.
The original planned route of C-5 included the entire road; however, due to the incapacity of the road to carry a large amount of vehicular traffic, only the portion of the road from the Luzon Avenue Flyover to Magsaysay Avenue was designated as a portion of C-5 Road. Furthermore, Tandang Sora Avenue becomes a six-lane divided carriageway shortly after crossing Capitol Hills Drive, south of the flyover.
Katipunan Avenue
After crossing Magsaysay Avenue, C-5 turns south and becomes Katipunan Avenue, a ten-lane divided carriageway that serves as the main transportation corridor of Matandang Balara, Pansol, Loyola Heights, and Project 4 in Quezon City. It heads south for until its junction with Bonny Serrano Avenue. Shortly before crossing Bonny Serrano Avenue, a 4-lane divided underpass descends from Katipunan Avenue and traverses underneath Col. Bonny Serrano Avenuel and ascends into Libis Flyover, which immediately connects it to E. Rodriguez Jr. Avenue.
Colonel Bonny Serrano Avenue
C-5 passes through a section of Colonel Bonny Serrano Avenue, a four-lane undivided avenue, as a connecting corridor from Katipunan Avenue to Eulogio Rodriguez Jr. Avenue. The Libis Tunnel and Libis Flyover traverse between the avenue's westbound and eastbound lanes.
Eulogio Rodriguez Jr. Avenue
At its junction with Bonny Serrano Avenue and FVR Road at the Libis Tunnel and Libis Flyover, C-5 then turns south as Eulogio Rodriguez Jr. Avenue, a , 10-lane divided road that serves as the main thoroughfare between Quezon City and Pasig. The road ends in a junction with Pasig Boulevard and continues onto C.P. Garcia Bridge that crosses the Pasig River and eventually becomes Carlos P. Garcia Avenue shortly afterwards. The avenue is named after Eulogio Rodriguez Jr., a former representative and governor of Rizal.
Carlos P. Garcia Avenue
Past the C.P. Garcia Bridge over the Pasig River, C-5 becomes Carlos P. Garcia Avenue. It is a , fourteen-lane divided road that serves as the main thoroughfare from Makati to Taguig. It passes through a small portion of Embo, Makati and continuously passing Taguig, where it bypasses Bonifacio Global City and meets the exit ramps to the C-5 Southlink Expressway and the South Luzon Expressway, before ending at the intersection with East Service Road.
This is not to be mistaken with the legal name of the C-5 route.
C-5 Road Extension
Across the South Luzon Expressway, C-5 continues as C-5 Road Extension from West Service Road near Merville Exit of SLEX in Pasay. It also serves as the two frontage roads of C-5 Southlink Expressway's section in Pasay. It traverses south of Ninoy Aquino International Airport and enters Parañaque. In Barangay Santo Niño, C-5 is briefly known as Kaingin Road, passing by warehouses up to Multinational Avenue. It then curves around Amvel City, crosses Dr. A. Santos Avenue and Diego Cera Avenue, and ends at the Manila–Cavite Expressway (CAVITEX) in Las Piñas. The future LRT Line 1 Extension will run along most of the Las Piñas segment of C-5 Road Extension.
Location on the West Valley Fault
Studies conducted by the PHIVOLCS revealed that a large portion of C-5 is built on top of the West Valley Fault. A map of the fault line released on May 18, 2015, shows C-5 in Taguig beside the fault line. The C-5 road is prone to liquefaction.
History
The proposal for the Metro Manila Arterial Road System was done in the late 1960s. The proposal states of building 10 radial roads and 6 circumferential roads to support the growing vehicular population of Metro Manila. Circumferential Road 5's original alignment was to begin near Manila Bay in Navotas at the north and traverse around the city of Manila up to Radial Road 1 (now comprises the Manila–Cavite Expressway) at the south.
Circumferential Road 5 began construction in 1986. The first phase of the C-5 Road from Taguig to Pasig, which costed approximately to construct, was officially inaugurated by President Fidel V. Ramos on December 30, 1994. Under the power of Republic Act No. 8224, which was passed on November 6, 1996, the C-5 road was legally known as President Carlos P. Garcia Avenue, after the eighth President of the Philippines, Carlos P. Garcia.
Extensions
On July 23, 2007, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo announced on her State of the Nation Address that C-5 Road will be extended to the north of Metro Manila up to North Luzon Expressway in Valenzuela.
On June 2010, the NLEX–Mindanao Avenue Link (Segment 8.1) in Valenzuela and Congressional Avenue Extension from Tandang Sora to Luzon Avenues in Quezon City opened to all motorists in the North Extension. Carlos P. Garcia Avenue Extension in the South Extension located in Parañaque were also opened. In March 2015, the NLEX–Karuhatan Link (Segment 9) was opened to all motorists. The opening of the Segment 9 from NLEx to MacArthur Highway in Karuhatan, Valenzuela served as a preparation for the Holy Week season.
At present, the new Luzon Avenue Flyover connecting Tandang Sora and Luzon Avenues across Commonwealth Avenue was opened to all motorists. Prior to the opening of the flyover, the Congressional Avenue Extension from Visayas to Luzon Avenue was opened in 2010 to decongest heavy traffic in Visayas–Tandang Sora Avenue Intersection.
Controversies
In 2012, the Senate of the Philippines investigated the south extension project where it would pass several of Manny Villar's properties, such as Camella. The original extension, called Manila–Cavite Toll Expressway Project (MCTEP), was already approved by the Senate and would have been made as a toll expressway. The project eventually resurrected as C-5 Southlink Expressway.
C-5 Expressway
In 1993, the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) conducted a study on the proposed urban expressway system in Metro Manila. The master plan for the planned network meant to have of expressways included the proposed Central Circumferential Expressway that would follow the old C-5 alignment from Navotas to Parañaque with the total length of about .
More than two decades later, NLEX Corporation (formerly Manila North Tollways Corporation) and CAVITEX Infrastructure Inc., submitted a proposal for C-5 Expressway, a fully elevated expressway that would further decongest the existing C-5 and provide a fully controlled-access route between C-5 Southlink Expressway and NLEX Segment 8.2 (C-5 Link). The proposed expressway would utilize portions of the existing C-5's right of way between SLEX and Pasig Boulevard, and run above Marikina River from Pasig Boulevard to Luzon Avenue.
Exits and intersections
NLEX Mindanao Avenue & Karuhatan Link
C-5 Extension
Notes
External links
References
Routes in Metro Manila |
Galina Sergeyevna Ulanova (, ; 21 March 1998) was a Russian ballet dancer. She is frequently cited as being one of the greatest ballerinas of the 20th century.
Biography
Ulanova was born in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Both parents were the soloists of the Mariinsky theatre and danced with Anna Pavlova. Later, her father became a director and her mother taught ballet. Ulanova recalled that she 'never had a choice to pick a career' and due to her parents' profession, ballet was her only option. As a child she dreamed of becoming a sailor, saying she feared having the life of artists with lots of labour and no sleep. Nevertheless, her parents sent her to ballet school at a very young age, where she studied under Agrippina Vaganova and her own mother.
When she joined the Mariinsky Theatre in 1928, the press found in her "much of Semyonova's style, grace, the same exceptional plasticity and a sort of captivating modesty in her gestures". Konstantin Stanislavsky, fascinated with her acting style, implored her to take part in his stage productions. In 1944, when her fame reached Joseph Stalin, he had her transferred to the Bolshoi Theatre, where she would be the prima ballerina assoluta for 16 years. The following year, she danced the title role in the world premiere of Sergei Prokofiev's Cinderella.
Ulanova was regarded as a great actress as well as a dancer, and when she was finally allowed to tour abroad at the age of 46, enraptured British papers wrote that "Galina Ulanova in London knew the greatest triumph of any individual dancer since Anna Pavlova". Having retired from the stage at the age of 50, she coached many generations of Russian dancers.
Ulanova was one of the few dancers to be awarded Hero of Socialist Labour and the only one to receive this honour twice. She was also awarded the highest exclusively artistic national title, People's Artist of the USSR. and she was awarded the Stalin Prize in 1941, 1946, 1947, 1950, and the Lenin Prize in 1957. She was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1960.
She died in 1998 in Moscow, aged 88, and is buried in the cemetery of the Novodevichy Convent.
Ulanova's apartment in one of Moscow's Seven Sisters, the Kotelnicheskaya Embankment Building, is preserved now as a memorial museum. Monuments to Ulanova were erected in Saint Petersburg and Stockholm.
Opinions on Ulanova
Sergei Eisenstein: "Ulanova — cannot be grouped together with, compared to other dancers. In terms of what is most cherished, By the very nature of her secret…She belongs to a different dimension."
Sergey Prokofiev: "She is the genius of Russian ballet, its elusive soul, its inspired poetry. Ulanova imparts to her interpretation of classical roles a depth of expression unheard of in twentieth century ballet."
Evgeny Mravinsky: "The image of Ulanova – gentle, fragile and wise – was given to me in my early youth and is rooted in my heart and memory forever. Each encounter with Ulanova and her art, each memory of her – is always a great thrill and happiness. With thanks to her and gratitude to Fate for having given her to us."
Sviatoslav Richter: "Ulanova has charted new paths in ballet …Not only has she given us unforgettable characters, she has created her own artistic world – a realm of human spirituality… Ulanova has transformed ballet into a popular art form. Thanks to her even its most implacable enemies have become its supporters and thousands of people now acknowledge ballet to be a vital necessity."
Margot Fonteyn: "I cannot even begin to talk about Ulanova's dancing, it is so marvelous, I am left speechless. It is magic. Now we know what we lack."
Maya Plisetskaya: "Ulanova has created her own style, has schooled us to it. She represents an epoch, a time. She has her own hallmark. Like Mozart, Beethoven and Prokofiev she has had an impact, she has reflected her age."
Arnold Haskell: "My memories of Ulanova are, to me, a part of life itself, bringing a total enrichment of experience. To me, hers are not theatrical miracles but triumphs of human spirit. Where Pavlova was supremely conscious of her audience and could play upon its emotions as upon an instrument, Ulanova is remote in a world of her own, which we are privileged to penetrate. She is so completely identified with the character she impersonates that nothing outside exists."
Maya Plisetskaya: "She was an angel and she danced like one."
Maurice Béjart: "Galina Ulanova is a ballerina who has grasped the profoundest secrets of art, she has united feelings and their outer expression into an indivisible whole."
Rudolf Nureyev: "Only she, the world's Number One ballerina, kept unswervingly to her chosen course, always unassuming, modestly dressed, entirely absorbed in dance and totally unreceptive to backstage intrigue. Her inner strength, her human qualities – these explain why she has remained pure, untouched by the day-to-day hassle of theatre life."
Honours and awards
Soviet Union
Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1974, 1980)
Four awards of the Order of Lenin (1953, 1979, 1974, 1980)
Four awards of the Order of Red Banner of Labor (1939, 1951, 1959, 1967)
Order of the Badge of Honor (1940)
Order of the Friendship of Peoples (1986)
Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1939)
People's Artist of the RSFSR (1940)
People's Artist of the Kazakh SSR (1943)
People's Artist of the USSR (1951)
Stalin Prize, First Class (1941) – for outstanding achievements in the field of ballet
Stalin Prize, First Class (1946) – for the performance of the title role in Cinderella by Prokofiev
Stalin Prize, First Class (1947) – for the performance of the title role in Romeo and Juliet by Prokofiev
Stalin Prize, Second Class (1950) – for her interpretation of the Tao-Hoa in ballet The Red Poppy by Gliere
Lenin Prize (1957)
Medal "For the Defence of Leningrad"
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945"
Award and the Gold Medal Exhibition Center (1971)
Russia
Award of the President of the Russian Federation in the field of art and literature (1997)
Foreign
Order of Cyril and Methodius, I degree (Bulgaria) (1968)
Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters (France) (1992)
Parasat Order (1995, Kazakhstan)
Medal "For Finland", Order of the Lion of Finland (1958)
In popular culture
Ulanova is portrayed by Aliya Tanikpaeva (billed as "Aliya Tanykpayeva") in a non-speaking role in episode 1 of season 2 of the Netflix series The Crown.
She was earlier played by Cyd Charisse in the Hollywood film Mission to Moscow (1943).
See also
List of dancers
List of Russian ballet dancers
References
Further reading
External links
New York Times obituary
Sunday New York Times by Anna Kisselgoff, 29 March 1998
The Ballerina Gallery
The Gallery of Masters of Musical Theatre
1998 deaths
Prima ballerina assolutas
Russian ballerinas
Soviet ballerinas
Bolshoi Ballet principal dancers
People's Artists of the USSR
Mariinsky Ballet dancers
Heroes of Socialist Labour
Ballet mistresses
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Prix Benois de la Danse jurors
Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery
1910 births
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Recipients of the Order of Friendship of Peoples
People's Artists of the RSFSR
Honored Artists of the RSFSR
Recipients of the Lenin Prize
Recipients of the Stalin Prize
Vaganova graduates |
```ruby
module ExtJS
module SassExtensions
module Functions
module Utils
@maps = Array.new()
class << self; attr_accessor :maps; end
def parsebox(list, n)
assert_type n, :Number
if !n.int?
raise ArgumentError.new("List index #{n} must be an integer")
elsif n.to_i < 1
raise ArgumentError.new("List index #{n} must be greater than or equal to 1")
elsif n.to_i > 4
raise ArgumentError.new("A box string can't contain more then 4")
end
new_list = list.clone.to_a
size = new_list.size
if n.to_i >= size
if size == 1
new_list[1] = new_list[0]
new_list[2] = new_list[0]
new_list[3] = new_list[0]
elsif size == 2
new_list[2] = new_list[0]
new_list[3] = new_list[1]
elsif size == 3
new_list[3] = new_list[1]
end
end
new_list.to_a[n.to_i - 1]
end
def parseint(value)
Sass::Script::Number.new(value.to_i)
end
def ERROR(message)
raise ArgumentError.new(message)
end
def map_create()
map = Hash.new()
id = Utils.maps.length;
Utils.maps.insert(id, map);
Sass::Script::Number.new(id+1)
end
def map_get(mapId, key)
id = mapId.to_i()-1
map = Utils.maps[id]
k = key.to_s()
v = map[k]
if !v
v = Sass::Script::String.new("")
end
v
end
def map_put(mapId, key, value)
id = mapId.to_i()-1
map = Utils.maps[id]
k = key.to_s()
map[k] = value
end
# Joins 2 file paths using the path separator
def file_join(path1, path2)
path1 = path1.value
path2 = path2.value
path = path1.empty? ? path2 : File.join(path1, path2)
Sass::Script::String.new(path)
end
def theme_image_exists(directory, path)
result = false
where_to_look = File.join(directory.value, path.value)
if where_to_look && FileTest.exists?("#{where_to_look}")
result = true
end
return Sass::Script::Bool.new(result)
end
# workaround for lack of @error directive in sass 3.1
def error(message)
raise Sass::SyntaxError, message.value
end
# This function is primarily to support compatibility when moving from sass 3.1 to 3.2
# because of the change in behavior of the null keyword when used with !default.
# in 3.1 variables defaulted to null are considered to have an assigned value
# and thus cannot be reassigned. In 3.2 defaulting to null is the same as leaving
# the variable undeclared
def is_null(value)
n = false
begin
# in Sass 3.2 null values are an instance of Sass::Script::Null
# this throws an exception in Sass 3.1 because the Null class doesn't exist
n = (value.is_a? Sass::Script::Null) || (value.is_a? Sass::Script::String) && value.value == 'null' || value.value == 'none'
rescue NameError=>e
# Sass 3.1 processes null values as a string == "null"
n = (value.is_a? Sass::Script::String) && value.value == 'null' || value.value == 'none'
end
return Sass::Script::Bool.new(n)
end
end
end
end
end
module Sass::Script::Functions
include ExtJS::SassExtensions::Functions::Utils
end
``` |
Charles Hallam (17 January 1902 – 20 March 1970) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Crystal Palace, Port Vale and Stoke.
Career
Hallam played for Sandford Hill Primitives, before joining Port Vale in September 1922. His only appearance was at inside-left in a goalless draw with Rotherham County at The Old Recreation Ground on 25 November 1922. He was released in August 1923 and moved on to Sandbach Ramblers. Hallam then joined Stoke in September 1924 and played 19 Second Division games in 1924–25, scoring twice against Blackpool and Stockport County. He played six times in each of the next two seasons and helped Stoke to win the Third Division North title in 1926–27. He then moved on to Crystal Palace in June 1927. He scored in both of his two appearances for the club, and later played for non-League sides Stafford Rangers and Hednesford Town.
Career statistics
Source:
Honours
Stoke City
Football League Third Division North: 1926–27
References
1902 births
1970 deaths
People from Longton, Staffordshire
Footballers from Stoke-on-Trent
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Port Vale F.C. players
Sandbach Ramblers F.C. players
Stoke City F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Stafford Rangers F.C. players
Hednesford Town F.C. players
English Football League players |
Karsten Albert (born 13 October 1968) is a German luger who competed from 1998 to 2003. He won a silver medal in the mixed team event at the 2001 FIL World Luge Championships in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Albert also won three medals at the FIL European Luge Championships with one gold (Mixed team: 1998) and two silvers (Men's singles: 1998, Mixed team: 2000. Albert also finished sixth in the men's singles event at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City.
References
FIL-Luge profile
Hickok sports information on World champions in luge and skeleton.
List of European luge champions
External links
1968 births
Living people
People from Friedrichroda
People from Bezirk Erfurt
German male lugers
Sportspeople from Thuringia
Olympic lugers for Germany
Lugers at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
21st-century German people
East German male lugers |
Nancy Magdy (), is an Egyptian beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned as Miss Egypt Earth 2014. Nancy won alongside Lara Debbana for Miss Universe 2014 and Amina Ashraf for Miss World 2014. She was crowned by the reigning Miss Earth winner, Alyz Henrich.
Nancy is the first winner for Miss Earth from Egypt after four years of absence from the said pageant.
Nancy now is the Tv presenter of Alqahera Alyoum live show on OSN.
Pageantry
Miss Egypt 2014
When the reigning Miss Earth 2013, Alyz Henrich, traveled to Egypt to be the special guest for the United Nations' Youth Conference for Environment and Biodiversity in Hurghada, Egypt on March 7 to 11, the Let's Take Care of the Planet - Egypt (LTCP) acquired the franchise for Egypt from Miss Earth. The LTCP partnered with Face to Face Modeling Agency that sends its winners to Miss Universe and Miss World. Nancy joined the pageant through auditions.
Since there is a partnership between the two organizations, part of the pre-pageant were the environmental activities spearheaded by LTCP together with the Arab Academy for Science and Technology, among others, where Alyz and Tereza participated.
At the end of the coronation night, Nancy was crowned as Miss Egypt Earth 2014. She was included in the top five finalists. The runners-up are Heba Hesham and Shaymaa Mohamed. Also invited in the event were Tereza Fajksova and Carousel Productions' Vice President Peachy Veneracion among others.
Part of the post pageant activities of Miss Egypt 2014 is the 10th anniversary of LTCP where Nancy, along with the other winners, attended.
Miss Earth 2014
By winning Miss Egypt Earth, Nancy travelled to the Philippines in November to compete with 84 other candidates to be Alyz Henrich's successor as Miss Earth and she placed in the Top 16.
References
External links
(2010)
Living people
1995 births
Miss Egypt winners
Miss Earth 2014 contestants
Models from Cairo |
The I Conference of Heads of State and Government of the CPLP (), commonly known as the 1st CPLP Summit (I Cimeira da CPLP) was the 1st biennial meeting of heads of state and heads of government of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, held at the Jerónimos Monastery in Lisbon, Portugal, on 17 July 1996.
Outcome
This summit formally created the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, also known as the Lusophone Commonwealth, after two years of multilateral negotiations and planning to create an intergovernmental organization around the community of countries with Portuguese as its official language.
Executive Secretary
Marcolino Moco, former Prime Minister of Angola, was elected to serve as the inaugural Executive Secretary of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries.
References
External links
CPLP Summits official site
CPLP Summits |
Twardokens is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Eva Twardokens (born 1965), American alpine ski racer
Jerzy Twardokens (1931–2015), Polish fencer |
Barbero may refer to:
Barbero, an Italian surname
USS Barbero, a Balao-class submarine of the United States Navy
Barbero-Immirzi parameter, a numerical coefficient appearing in loop quantum gravity
Barbero rayado, tropical marine fish |
Go is the sixth studio album by Canadian country music group Doc Walker. It was released on September 8, 2009 by Open Road Recordings and includes the single "Coming Home."
Track listing
Chart performance
Singles
2009 albums
Doc Walker albums
Open Road Recordings albums |
The Inter-Hours (; ; ) are brief services in the Daily Office of the Eastern Orthodox and Greek Catholic Churches. The Inter-Hours are called for during the Lenten seasons of the Church year. They are styled after the Little Hours—First Hour, Third Hour, Sixth Hour, and Ninth Hour—only briefer.
The Inter-Hours are called for during the Lesser Fasts (Nativity Fast, and the Apostles' Fast. According to Nikolsky Ustav, they are to be read during Great Lent if the Ladder of Divine Ascent is not read during the Little Hours.
Each Inter-Hour follows one of the Little Hours is named for the Hour it follows (i.e., the Inter-Hour of the First Hour, etc.). The structure of each Inter-Hour is as follows:
O come, let us worship...
Three Psalms (these are fixed for the particular Inter-Hour, and do not vary from day to day)
Trisagion and the Lord's Prayer
Troparia
Lord, have mercy (40 times)
Concluding prayers and blessing
Prayer of St. Ephraim
Final prayer
Dismissal by the Priest
The Fixed Psalms are as follows:
Inter-Hour of the First Hour—45, 91, 92 (LXX)
Inter-Hour of the Third Hour—29, 31, 60
Inter-Hour of the Sixth Hour—55, 56, 69
Inter-Hour of the Ninth Hour—112, 137, 139
The Inter-Hours are only done on "days with Alleluia"; that is to say, days when the services follow a Lenten format and, as a result, the Divine Liturgy may not be celebrated. According to present-day usage, the Inter-Hours are often said only on the first day of the Lesser Fasts.
Notes
Little Hours
Byzantine Rite |
The 5th Seiyu Awards ceremony was held on March 5, 2011 in Tokyo. The period of general voting lasted from Oct 22, 2010 to Jan 1, 2011. Some awards were given in February, ahead of the ceremony.
Winners are listed below.
References
Seiyu Awards ceremonies
Seiyu
Seiyu
2011 in Japanese cinema
2011 in Japanese television |
Fakir Mohan Senapati (Odia: ଫକୀର ମୋହନ ସେନାପତି; 13 January 1843 – 14 June 1918), often referred to as Utkala Byasa Kabi (Odisha's Vyasa), was an Indian writer, poet, philosopher and social reformer. He played a leading role in establishing the distinct identity of Odia, a language mainly spoken in the Indian state of Odisha. Senapati is regarded as the father of Odia nationalism and modern Odia literature.
Early life and background
Born to Lakhmana Charana Senapati and Tulasi Devi Senapati in a middle class Khandayat family. When he was one and half year old his father died. After fourteen months his mother also died. Since childhood he was taken care of by his grand mother.
Senapati's uncle was jealous of young Fakir Mohan and did not allow his education. His weak health also contributed to him being a late learner. He paid towards his educational expenses by working as a child labourer.
Senapati dedicated his life to the progress of Odia language in the later 19th and early 20th century. He is called the father of Odia fiction. At his native place, school, colleges and universities are constructed in his memory like Fakir Mohan College and Fakir Mohan University.
Work
Novels
Mayadhar Mansingh had described Senapati as the Thomas Hardy of Odisha. Though he translated from Sanskrit, wrote poetry, and attempted many forms of literature, he is now known primarily as the father of modern Odia prose fiction. His four novels, written between 1897 and 1915, reflect the socio-cultural conditions of Odisha during the eighteenth and the beautiful boy centuries. While the three novels, Chha maana Atha Guntha, Mamu and Prayaschita explore the realities of social life in its multiple dimensions, 'Lachhama' is a historical romance dealing with the anarchical conditions of Odisha in the wake of Maratha invasions during the eighteenth century. Chha Maana Atha Guntha is the first Indian novel to deal with the exploitations of landless peasants by the feudal Lord. It was written much before the October revolution of Russia or much before the emerging of Marxist ideas in India. Fakir Mohan is also the writer of the first autobiography in Odia, "Atma Jeebana Charita" .
Short stories
His "Rebati" (1898) is widely recognized as the first Odia short story. It is the story of a young innocent girl whose desire for education is placed in the context of a conservative society in a backward Odisha village, which is hit by the killer epidemic cholera. His other stories are "Patent Medicine", "Daka Munshi", "Adharma Bitta" etc. His short stories are complied in books "galpa swalpa-1 and 2".
Poem
He wrote a long poem, Utkala Bhramanam, that first appeared in 1892. Literally meaning Tour of Odisha, this poem, in reality, is not a travelogue but a commentary on the state of affairs in the Odisha of that time, written in a satirical manner.
Family members
Senapati married Leelavati Devi in 1856 when he was aged thirteen. She died when he was 29 leaving behind a daughter. In summer 1871, he married Krushna Kumari Dei, who died in 1894 leaving behind a son and a daughter.
See also
List of Indian writers
References
External links
1843 births
1918 deaths
People from Balasore
Odia-language writers
Odia-language poets
Odia novelists
Indian male novelists
Indian male short story writers
Indian social reformers
Novelists from Odisha
19th-century Indian novelists
20th-century Indian novelists
20th-century Indian short story writers
19th-century Indian short story writers
19th-century Indian male writers
20th-century Indian male writers
Poets from Odisha
19th-century Indian poets
20th-century Indian poets |
is a 2018 television anime series by White Fox, based on the 5pb. 2015 Steins;Gate 0 video game. As a sequel to the Steins;Gate visual novel game, and the 2011 anime adaptation, this series takes place in an alternate future timeline that forks off from the original series' ending. Rintaro Okabe, who had become traumatized into inaction over his time travel troubles, chose to remain in a world where Kurisu Makise is dead. After meeting scientist Maho Hiyajo, Rintaro is introduced to an AI system called Amadeus, which is based on Kurisu's personality and digitally preserved memories that were downloaded before her death.
The series aired in Japan between April 12 and September 27, 2018, with a bonus episode released on December 21, 2018. It was simulcast by Crunchyroll and Aniplus Asia, with a dubbed English version streamed by Funimation. The opening theme is by Kanako Itō, with "Amadeus" by Itō used for episode one. The ending theme for episodes 2-7, 9-11 and 13 is "Last Game" by Zwei. Episode 8 featured an insert song "Lyra" by Zwei. The ending theme for episode 12 is "Hoshi no Kanaderu Uta" () performed by Megumi Han. The ending theme from episode 14-22 is "World-Line" by Asami Imai. The final episode featured an insert song "Gate of Steiner" by Eri Sasaki.
Episode list
Notes
References
External links
Lists of anime episodes
Science Adventure |
The Cooking Gene: A Journey Through African American Culinary History in the Old South is an American non-fiction book written by Michael W. Twitty. It was published in 2017 and is a food memoir. The author combines intensive genealogical and historical research as well as personal accounts to support the argument that the origin of southern cuisine is heavily based in the continent of Africa. The book was the recipient of the 2018 James Beard Foundation Book Award for Writing and Book of the Year.
Background
Michael W. Twitty is a Jew by choice and notes within The Cooking Gene that the documentation and history found within Jewish cuisine inspired him to write it. The book takes a look at the social ecology surrounding the cuisine traditionally done by African Americans in the southern US. In the book, topics such as genealogy, chattel slavery, sexuality, gender, and spirituality are discussed in addition to foodways. Twitty adds discussions surrounding Soul Food, African American foodways, and Southern Cuisine.
Summary
The Cooking Gene is about the influence that the enslavement of Africans by European settlers has had on foodways and history of the Old South. The Cooking Gene includes personal narratives, history, recipes, and folk songs. The recipes have African, Native American, and European roots as the author integrates his Jewish faith into African-American cooking. Twitty emphasizes the African flair that has been added to European and Native American ingredients by African American cooks. Additionally, he discusses plants used in cooking that are native to Africa such as sesame, okra, and sorghum.
The author discusses how he did not enjoy traditional soul food recipes during his youth but began to accept his African American heritage as he learned to cook. Twitty's experiences growing up led to him to develop an interest in culinary arts. In The Cooking Gene, the author describes the methods that African Americans used to cook on plantations and travels to the south on what the author called the "Southern Discomfort Tour" to learn more about his family's history and to authentically reproduce meal preparation experiences that former enslaved Africans may have had. Twitty argues that techniques used in African American cooking food have an innate nature and this can be attributed to the supplies Africans and their descendants had available to them during meal preparation. This exploration of the culinary history seeks to raise awareness of diversity of ingredients that African Americans traditionally ate in the South.
The Cooking Gene also compares and contrasts Jewish and Black foodways, and discusses followers of Judaism in the south. Jewish and Black culinary traditions and items have mingled with each other both in the south and in northern cities. Twitty talks about his conversion to Judaism and expresses his fondness for Jewish cuisine.
Reception
The Cooking Gene has received positive reception as it has received praise for both its prose as well as what reviewers saw as unique elements that Twitty ties into the book. The Chicago Tribune commented on the work, calling it "honest" and "lyrical." It has been named as one of NPR’s Best Books of 2017 and one of Smithsonian Magazine's Ten Best Books About Food in 2017.
References
2017 non-fiction books
African-American Judaism
American cookbooks
American non-fiction books
Jewish cuisine
Kosher food
Soul food
African-American autobiographies
HarperCollins books |
Dodek na froncie is a 1936 Polish comedy film directed by Michał Waszyński.
Cast
Adolf Dymsza ... Dodek Wedzonka
Alicja Halama ... Zofia Majewska
Mieczysław Cybulski ... Lt. Jerzy Majewski
Helena Grossówna ... Zuzia, the maid
Michał Znicz ... Lt. Duszkin
Józef Orwid ... Col. Józef Pulkovnik
Mieczysława Ćwiklińska ... Putkovnikova
Władysław Grabowski ... Grand Duke Vladimir Pavtovich
Waclaw Zdanowicz ... Russian Captain
Stefan Hnydziński ... Ordonnanz
Chór Dana ... Russian soldiers chorus
Chór Cyganski Sieminowa ... Gypsy chorus
Alla Bayanova ... Gypsy singer (episode)
External links
1936 films
1930s Polish-language films
Polish black-and-white films
Films directed by Michał Waszyński
1936 comedy films
Polish comedy films |
```javascript
/**
* @providesModule ES6_Default_NamedFunction1
* @flow
*/
declare export default function foo():number;
``` |
Marie Skurtveit Davidsen (born 20 August 1993) is a Norwegian handball player who plays for CSM București and the Norwegian national team.
References
1993 births
Living people
Norwegian female handball players
Norwegian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Norwegian expatriate sportspeople in Romania
Sportspeople from Bergen |
is a Japanese footballer currently playing as a forward for Tochigi SC.
Career statistics
Club
.
Notes
References
1999 births
Living people
Association football people from Tokyo
Komazawa University alumni
Japanese men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
J2 League players
Tochigi SC players |
The year 1838 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.
Buildings and structures
Buildings opened
April 8 – The British National Gallery first opens to the public in the building purpose-designed for it by William Wilkins in Trafalgar Square, London.
Buildings completed
Palazzo Gavazzi, Milan, Italy, designed by Luigi Clerichetti.
Rideau Hall, Ottawa, Canada, built by Scottish architect Thomas McKay.
Walton Hall, Cheshire, England, designed for Sir Gilbert Greenall, 1st Baronet, possibly by Edmund Sharpe.
Chota Imambara, Lucknow.
Awards
Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: Toussaint Uchard.
Births
January 23 – John James Clark, Australian architect (died 1915)
April 13 – J. D. Sedding, English ecclesiastical architect (died 1891)
May 16 – Thomas Forrester, New Zealand plasterer, draughtsman, architect and engineer (died 1907)
September 18 – Thomas Drew, Irish ecclesiastical architect (died 1910)
September 29 – Henry Hobson Richardson, American city architect (died 1886)
Deaths
September 5 – Charles Percier, French Neoclassical architect, interior decorator and designer (born 1764)
October 16 – William Vitruvius Morrison, Irish architect, son and collaborator of Sir Richard Morrison (born 1794)
References
Architecture
Years in architecture
19th-century architecture |
The 2017 Central Arkansas Bears football team represented the University of Central Arkansas in the 2017 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Bears were led by fourth-year head coach Steve Campbell and played their home games at Estes Stadium. They were a member of the Southland Conference. They finished the season 10–2, 9–0 in Southland play to be crowned Southland Conference champions. They received the Southland's automatic bid to the FCS Playoffs where they lost to New Hampshire in the Second Round.
On December 7, head coach Steve Campbell resigned to become the head coach at South Alabama. He finished at Central Arkansas with a four-year record of 33–15.
Schedule
Source:
*-Indicates Game Broadcast via Tape Delay
Game summaries
At Kansas State
Sources:
At Murray State
Sources:
Southeastern Louisiana
Sources:
Sam Houston State
Sources:
At Houston Baptist
Sources:
Stephen F. Austin
Sources:
At Northwestern State
Sources:
McNeese State
Sources:
At Lamar
Sources:
At Incarnate Word
Sources:
Abilene Christian
Sources:
FCS Playoffs
New Hampshire–Second Round
Sources:
Ranking movements
References
Central Arkansas
Central Arkansas Bears football seasons
Southland Conference football champion seasons
Central Arkansas
Central Arkansas Bears football |
Isaak Moiseevich Yaglom (; 6 March 1921 – 17 April 1988) was a Soviet mathematician and author of popular mathematics books, some with his twin Akiva Yaglom.
Yaglom received a Ph.D. from Moscow State University in 1945 as student of Veniamin Kagan. As the author of several books, translated into English, that have become academic standards of reference, he has an international stature. His attention to the necessities of learning (pedagogy) make his books pleasing experiences for students. The seven authors of his Russian obituary recount "…the breadth of his interests was truly extraordinary: he was seriously interested in history and philosophy, passionately loved and had a good knowledge of literature and art, often came forward with reports and lectures on the most diverse topics (for example, on Alexander Blok, Anna Akhmatova, and the Dutch painter M. C. Escher), actively took part in the work of the cinema club in Yaroslavl and the music club at the House of Composers in Moscow, and was a continual participant of conferences on mathematical linguistics and on semiotics."
University life
Yaglom started his higher education at Moscow State University in 1938. During World War II he volunteered, but due to myopia he was deferred from military service. In the evacuation of Moscow he went with his family to Sverdlovsk in the Ural Mountains. He studied at Sverdlovsk State University, graduated in 1942, and when the usual Moscow faculty assembled in Sverdlovsk during the war, he took up graduate study. Under the geometer Veniamin Kagan he developed his Ph.D. thesis which he defended in Moscow in 1945. It is reported that this thesis "was devoted to projective metrics on a plane and their connections with different types of complex numbers (where , or , or else )."
Institutes and titles
During his career, Yaglom was affiliated with these institutions:
Moscow Energy Institute (1946) – lecturer in mathematics
Moscow State University (1946 – 49) – lecturer, department of analysis and differential geometry
Orekhovo-Zuevo Pedagogical Institute (1949–56) – lecturer in mathematics
Lenin State Pedagogical Institute (Moscow) (1956–68) – obtained D.Sc. 1965
Moscow Evening Metallurgical Institute (1968–74) – professor of mathematics
Yaroslavl State University (1974–83) – professor of mathematics
Academy of Pedagogical Sciences (1984–88) – technical consultant
Affine geometry
In 1962 Yaglom and Vladimir G. Ashkinuse published Ideas and Methods of Affine and Projective Geometry, in Russian. The text is limited to affine geometry since projective geometry was put off to a second volume that did not appear. The concept of hyperbolic angle is developed through area of hyperbolic sectors. A treatment of Routh's theorem is given at page 193. This textbook, published by the Ministry of Education, includes 234 exercises with hints and solutions in an appendix.
English translations
Isaac Yaglom wrote over 40 books and many articles. Several were translated, and appeared in the year given:
Complex numbers in geometry (1968)
Translated by Eric J. F. Primrose, published by Academic Press (N.Y.). The trinity of complex number planes is laid out and exploited. Topics include line coordinates in the Euclidean and Lobachevski planes, and inversive geometry.
Geometric Transformations (1962, 1968, 1973, 2009)
The first three books were originally published in English by Random House as part of the series New Mathematical Library (Volumes 8, 21, and 24). They were keenly appreciated by proponents of the New Math in the U.S.A., but represented only a part of Yaglom's two-volume original published in Russian in 1955 and 56. More recently the final portion of Yaglom's work was translated into English and published by the Mathematical Association of America. All four volumes are now available from the MAA in the series Anneli Lax New Mathematical Library (Volumes 8, 21, 24, and 44).
A simple non-euclidean geometry and its physical basis (1979)
Subtitle: An elementary account of Galilean geometry and the Galilean principle of relativity. Translated by Abe Shenitzer, published by Springer-Verlag. In his prefix, the translator says the book is "a fascinating story which flows from one geometry to another, from geometry to algebra, and from geometry to kinematics, and in so doing crosses artificial boundaries separating one area of mathematics from another and mathematics from physics." The author's own prefix speaks of "the important connection between Klein's Erlanger Program and the principles of relativity."
The approach taken is elementary; simple manipulations by shear mapping lead on page 68 to the conclusion that "the difference between the Galilean geometry of points and the Galilean geometry of lines is just a matter of terminology".
The concepts of the dual number and its "imaginary" ε, ε2 = 0, do not appear in the development of Galilean geometry. However, Yaglom shows that the common slope concept in analytic geometry corresponds to the Galilean angle. Yaglom extensively develops his non-Euclidean geometry including the theory of cycles (pp. 77–79), duality, and the circumcycle and incycle of a triangle (p. 104).
Yaglom continues with his Galilean study to the inversive Galilean plane by including a special line at infinity and showing the topology with a stereographic projection. The Conclusion of the book delves into the Minkowskian geometry of hyperbolas in the plane, including the nine-point hyperbola. Yaglom also covers the inversive Minkowski plane.
Probability and information (1983)
Co-author: A. M. Yaglom. Russian editions in 1956, 59 and 72. Translated by V. K. Jain, published by D. Reidel and the Hindustan Publishing Corporation, India.
The channel capacity work of Claude Shannon is developed from first principles in four chapters: probability, entropy and information, information calculation to solve logical problems, and applications to information transmission. The final chapter is well-developed including code efficiency, Huffman codes, natural language and biological information channels, influence of noise, and error detection and correction.
Challenging Mathematical Problems With Elementary Solutions (1987)
Co-author: A. M. Yaglom. Two volumes. Russian edition in 1954. First English edition 1964-1967
Felix Klein and Sophus Lie (1988)
Subtitle: The evolution of the idea of symmetry in the 19th century.
In his chapter on "Felix Klein and his Erlangen Program", Yaglom says that "finding a general description of all geometric systems [was] considered by mathematicians the central question of the day." The subtitle more accurately describes the book than the main title, since a great number of mathematicians are credited in this account of the modern tools and methods of symmetry.
In 2009 the book was republished by Ishi Press as Geometry, Groups and Algebra in the Nineteenth Century. The new edition, designed by Sam Sloan, has a foreword by Richard Bozulich.
See also
Anti-cosmopolitan campaign
References
Further reading
via Internet Archive
А. Д. Мышкис, "Исаак Моисеевич Яглом — выдающийся просветитель" (transl.: "Isaak Moiseevich Yaglom, prominent educator"), Матем. просв., сер. 3, 7, МЦНМО, М., 2003, pp. 29–34. (in Russian)
В. М. Тихомиров, "Вспоминая братьев Ягломов" (transl.: "Remembering the Yaglom brothers"), Матем. просв., сер. 3, 16, Изд-во МЦНМО, М., 2012, pp. 5–13. (in Russian)
External links
About Isaak Moiseevich Yaglom by B. A. Rozenfel'd
1921 births
1988 deaths
Soviet mathematicians
Ukrainian Jews
Scientists from Kharkiv
Textbook writers
Geometers
Ural State University alumni
Russian twins |
Eteimbes (; ) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.
See also
Communes of the Haut-Rhin département
References
Communes of Haut-Rhin |
George Sidney Sitts (October 29, 1913 – April 8, 1947) was a convicted murderer who was executed by South Dakota for killing state Division of Criminal Investigation special agent Tom Matthews, who was attempting to arrest Sitts on a fugitive warrant from Minnesota.
Sitts was the only person to die in South Dakota's electric chair, and it would be over 60 years until the next time South Dakota would carry out an execution — Elijah Page via lethal injection on July 11, 2007.
Sitts, who escaped from prison while serving a life sentence for murder, also shot and killed Butte County Sheriff Dave Malcolm near Spearfish, on January 24, 1946. Sitts had pleaded guilty to second degree murder in Minnesota for the December 12, 1945, slaying of Erik Johansson, a liquor store clerk, during a botched robbery.
After spending three weeks sawing on the bars of his cell in the Minneapolis city jail, Sitts and three other men broke out the day before Sitts was scheduled to be transferred to a state prison.
After the slayings of Matthews and Malcolm, Sitts fled to Wyoming, where he was arrested on February 5, 1946, and returned to South Dakota. Sitts was tried first for the murder of Matthews and after his conviction and death sentence in March 1946, the state opted not to try him for Malcolm's murder.
South Dakota introduced the electric chair as the manner of execution in 1939 and Sitts was the fourth man sentenced to die in the chair. The three previous sentences, however, were commuted to life in prison.
Sitts's final words were a wry joke to the 41 official witnesses. "This is the first time authorities helped me escape prison," he said right before the four shocks surged through his body at 12:15 a.m.
Special Agent Matthews name is inscribed on Panel 34 of the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial located on Judiciary Square, Washington, D.C. Sheriff Malcolm's name is inscribed on Panel 53.
See also
Capital punishment in South Dakota
Capital punishment in the United States
List of people executed in South Dakota
Resources
"Testimony Completed in Sitts Murder Trial," Associated Press, March 20, 1946.
"Chair Closes Criminal Career," Associated Press, April 8, 1947.
"Prisoner Faces Murder Charge," United Press, February 7, 1946.
References
External links
National Law Enforcement Memorial
List of executions in South Dakota
About South Dakota's electric chair
1913 births
1947 deaths
20th-century executions by South Dakota
American escapees
American people executed for murdering police officers
American prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
People executed by South Dakota by electric chair
Executed people from Minnesota
20th-century executions of American people
People convicted of murder by Minnesota
People convicted of murder by South Dakota
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Minnesota
Escapees from American detention |
Club de Fútbol Aurrerá was a football club from Mexico City that played in the Liga Mexicana de Futbol Amateur Association, the first organised league in that country.
History
Aurrerá was founded in 1919, by a group of Spanish (Basque and Asturian) immigrants.
In the 1920–21 season the tournament was split into two leagues, one being the Mexican league and the other being the National league. Aurrerá played in the National league with clubs América, Germania, España, L'Amicale Francaise, Reforma and Luz y Fuerza.
In the 1923–24 season the club joined "Liga Mexicana Amateur Association" and finished 4th. At the end of 1928–29 the club retired from the league, folding soon after.
Asturian diaspora
Defunct football clubs in Mexico City
Association football clubs established in 1919
1919 establishments in Mexico
1950 disestablishments in Mexico
Primera Fuerza teams
Basque diaspora in North America
Diaspora sports clubs
Spanish-Mexican culture |
Hover Force is a video game published by INTV Corporation for the Intellivision video game system in 1986. The game was initially developed by Mattel Electronics with the intent of it being played in 3-D, but the company was shut down before it could be released; INTV, after acquiring the Intellivision assets from Mattel, re-tooled the game, which pits players against a terrorist group laying siege to a city, and released it itself.
Gameplay
In Hover Force, the player is a pilot of a combat helicopter. Terrorists are attacking the fictional city of New Seeburg, and the player must eliminate the terrorists and also minimize the amount of damage the terrorists are causing. The helicopter is armed with laser cannons and water cannons, both with a limited amount of ammunition. The water cannons are used to put out fires started by the terrorists' activities.
Players seek out enemy helicopters with a radar screen, then fly using a top-down perspective toward their targets. The terrorists attack with a number of different helicopters, each with different skills and patterns. Attacks on the player's helicopter may cause damage to certain systems, such as weapons or the engine. Depending on the system, the damage can either make operating the craft difficult or cause the helicopter to crash, ending the game.
The player's missions start and end at an island base near the city. This base will also repair, refuel and re-arm the helicopter during the missions, but only twice; a third attempt to land prior to completion of the mission counts as a crash. Upon completion of the game, the player is given a rank between 1 and 100 based on their efficiency at both eliminating enemy helicopters and keeping damage to a minimum, with a score of 100 considered "perfect."
Development
In the early 1980s, researchers at the University of Georgia developed a technology for viewing three-dimensional images using glasses fitted with special prisms, and attempted to solicit interest from various video game companies. Mattel Electronics began pursuing the technology, with Hover Force, then marketed as Hover Force 3-D, making its debut at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas in January 1984. Mattel Electronics had developed a method for producing the glasses at low cost, and had even decided to develop two additional 3-D titles, but the company was shut down before the plans could come to fruition. INTV Corporation, which acquired Intellivision's assets from Mattel, re-tooled the game and dropped any mention of 3-D for its release in 1986.
The technology was later used by Crayola for their 3D Chalk toy and these glasses can be used to experience the 3D effects in this Intellivision game.
Legacy
Hover Force was re-released as part of the Intellivision Lives! collection. In July 2010, Microsoft re-released Hover Force on the Game Room service for its Xbox 360 console and for Games for Windows Live.
References
1986 video games
Helicopter video games
Intellivision games
Intellivision-only games
Mattel video games
North America-exclusive video games
INTV Corporation games
Video games about firefighting
Video games developed in the United States |
Navdeep Singh (born 1966) is an Indian film director and writer. He is best known for his Bollywood film, NH10.
Early life
He was born in Delhi to an Army officer and travelled across India when he was young. He graduated in Delhi and started an animation studio with a friend, one of the first in India. He studied film-making at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, graduating in 1997. He lived in the US for eight years and two years in London before moving back to India in 2000.
Career
After graduating Singh directed commercials and music videos for UGround and Cognito in LA, and Great Guns in London. He then moved to Mumbai in 2001 and has directed a number of award-winning commercials.
Bollywood
His debut in Bollywood with feature film Manorama Six Feet Under, a murder mystery, was critically acclaimed. It is regarded as one of the best noir films.
After a gap of seven years, his 2015 thriller film NH10, with Anushka Sharma's home production and in the lead, was commercially successful. The film is about honour killing and patriarchy.
His next release was the period action film Laal Kaptaan starring Saif Ali Khan as a bounty hunter on a revenge spree. The film was released in 2019.
Navdeep also worked as a development consultant on the first season of the hit web series Paatal Lok.
He is working on his next film, Kaneda, pronounced the way some rural Punjabis pronounce Canada. The film is about the rise and fall of a Punjabi gangster in Vancouver. The film stars Diljit Dosanjh, Arjun Kapoor, Anushka Sharma, and Pooja Hegde. It's produced by Vikramaditya Motwane and Vijay Saini.
He is presently in post-production for his next series, Shehar Lakhot, as creator, showrunner and director with Amazon Prime Video, India.
Personal life
He married Madhavi Singh in 1989. He has two children. His daughter Nayantara Singh was born in 1993 and his son Rudraveer Singh was born in 1999.
Filmography
References
External links
Hindi-language film directors
Living people
1968 births |
David F. Labaree is a historian of education and Lee L. Jacks Professor of Education at Stanford University.
Works
A Perfect Mess: The Unlikely Ascendancy of American Higher Education (2017)
Someone Has to Fail: The Zero-Sum Game of Public Schooling (2010)
The Trouble with Ed Schools (2004)
How to Succeed in School Without Really Learning: The Credentials Race in American Education (1997)
The Making of an American High School: The Credentials Market and the Central High School of Philadelphia, 1838–1939 (1988)
References
External links
1947 births
American historians of education
Stanford University faculty
Harvard University alumni
University of Pennsylvania alumni
Sociologists of education
Living people |
Baranabad (, also Romanized as Bārānābād) is a village in Shirin Su Rural District, Maneh District, Maneh and Samalqan County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 82, in 16 families.
References
Populated places in Maneh and Samalqan County |
Anne Therese Gallagher is the current (2019-) Director-General of the Commonwealth Foundation. She is also a former President (2018-2022) of the International Catholic Migration Commission, Co-Chair of the International Bar Association’s Presidential Task Force on Human Trafficking, and member of the Asia Dialogue on Forced Migration. An Australian born lawyer, practitioner and scholar, she is considered to be an international authority on transnational criminal law, migration and human rights and, according to the 2012 Trafficking in Persons Report prepared by the United States Department of State, is 'the leading global expert on the international law on human trafficking’.
Education
As an undergraduate, Gallagher studied at Macquarie University, Sydney, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (Political Science and International Relations) in 1984 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1987. She completed a Master of International Law at the Australian National University in 1991. In 2006, Gallagher obtained a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Utrecht, Netherlands.
Career history
Gallagher was educated in Sydney at Santa Sabina College and studied at both Macquarie University and the Australian National University. She was admitted as a solicitor of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 1988 and as a barrister and solicitor of the High Court of Australia in 1988 and of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory in 1990.
From 1990 to 1992, Gallagher was a lecturer in the Australian National University's Graduate International Law Program.
She is a former United Nations Official (1992–2003) and was Adviser to Mary Robinson, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, from 1998 to 2002. During her tenure as Adviser, Gallagher represented Mary Robinson at the negotiations for the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime as well as its protocols on trafficking and migrant smuggling. In 2001–2002 she led the development of the United Nations Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Human Trafficking and during that same period was the founding Chair of the United Nations Inter-Agency Group on Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling.
From 2003 to 2018, held various leadership positions in a high profile and sensitive regional development initiative, funded by the Australian Government's International Aid Program aimed at strengthening legislative and criminal justice responses to trafficking in persons and related exploitation in all ten Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Member States. The US State Department cited Gallagher's contribution to this Project, which they note has been 'widely acclaimed for its positive impact on laws, policies and practices within and outside the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region'. The ASEAN Secretary-General, Dr Surin Pitsuwan, also noted Gallagher's contribution, stating that: 'Dr Gallagher's expertise in this field, particularly in the area of criminal justice responses to trafficking, is recognised and deeply appreciated throughout the ASEAN region. ... It is not wrong to say that the achievements that ASEAN, as a region, is enjoying in the criminal justice response to the heinous crime of trafficking are in no small part due to Dr Gallagher's persevering efforts and her compassion towards ASEAN.'
Gallagher is also an independent, self-funded scholar with a compelling research and publications record on areas related to human rights, criminal justice and the rule of law, and the international law on human trafficking. In addition to numerous articles in major journals, including the International Criminal Justice Review, Human Rights Quarterly, Virginia Journal of International Law and the Anti-Trafficking Review, Gallagher is the author of The International Law of Human Trafficking published by Cambridge University Press and awarded the 2011 American Society of International Law Certificate of Merit – Honorable Mention. She is also the lead author of the companion volume "The International Law of Migrant Smuggling" published by Cambridge University Press and described, by the American Journal of International Law, as "a tour de force"
A frequent panellist, expert and rapporteur at international and national governmental and non-governmental consultations, meetings, workshops and other fora, Gallagher has also been invited to be a guest speaker and lecturer at universities around the world, and commented for, or cited by, media. She frequently contributes opinion pieces to mainstream outlets including The Guardian and the World Economic Forum. Gallagher is also a regular, critical commentator on the annual US State Department Trafficking in Persons Report, and has been openly scathing of related efforts to quantify the problem of 'modern slavery' and assess national responses. Gallagher has reported being threatened with legal action following her criticism, in the Huffington Post, of "a US-based organization that stages high profile, ethically compromised 'rescue' operations in impoverished countries". Since 2014, Gallagher has been a semi-regular contributor to The Spectator magazine, writing on a range of topics including the United Nations, freedom of speech, and migration.
Gallagher continued to advise the United Nations after her formal departure. Outputs included the commentary to the United Nations Recommended Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Human Trafficking and a series of legal issue papers produced by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime: Abuse of a position of vulnerability and other “means” within the definition of trafficking in persons; "The role of "consent" in the trafficking in persons Protocol "; "The concept of exploitation in the trafficking in persons Protocol"; "The Concept of Financial or other Material Benefit in the Smuggling of Migrants Protocol" and "The International Legal Definition of Trafficking in Persons: consolidation of research findings and reflection on issues raised".
Recognition, awards and appointments
Gallagher was the recipient of the Anti-Slavery Australia Freedom Award in 2011. In June 2012 she was appointed Officer of the Order of Australia (AO), that country's second-highest civic honour. This appointment was made for her: 'distinguished service to the law, and to human rights, as a practitioner, teacher and scholar, particularly in the areas of human trafficking responses and criminal justice.' Also in June 2012, she was named a "2012 TIP Report Hero" by the United States Government for her work in the global fight against human trafficking.
Gallagher has been appointed to a number of formal advisory positions. In 2014, she commenced as co-chair of the International Bar Association's Presidential Task Force on Human Trafficking. Also in 2014 she was appointed to the International Migration Organization's Migration Advisory Board, convened by its Director-General, William Lacey Swing. In 2016, Gallagher joined Doughty Street Chambers - one of the largest civil liberties legal firms in the world – as an Academic Expert. She is also a founding member of the Asia Dialogue on Forced Migration.
Presidency of the International Catholic Migration Commission
In March 2018, Gallagher was elected President of the International Catholic Migration Commission, succeeding former Goldman Sachs Chairman and UN Special Representative on migration Sir Peter Sutherland. In her public pronouncements as president, Gallagher called for an "honest dialogue" on migration to confront the "globalization of indifference".
Director-General of the Commonwealth Foundation
In April 2019, Gallagher was appointed Director-General of the Commonwealth Foundation by its 46 Member States, becoming the first women to occupy this post in the Foundation's 70-year history. She is expected to serve two three-year terms.
References
Australian women lawyers
Australian women academics
Australian human rights activists
Women human rights activists
Australian women activists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Anti–human trafficking activists
International criminal law scholars
Australian National University alumni
Macquarie University alumni
Utrecht University alumni
Australian officials of the United Nations
Officers of the Order of Australia
Academic staff of the Australian National University |
David Ray Cook (born January 24, 1950) is an American educator and politician who served three terms in the Arkansas House of Representatives. A Vietnam veteran, former public school administrator, and member of the Democratic Party, he was first elected to the House in 2004. In 2010, he sought the Democratic congressional nomination in Arkansas's 1st district, ultimately placing third in a crowded primary.
In 2014, after his legislative service, he was named director of the Arkansas Leadership Academy at the University of Arkansas.
Early life and education
Cook was born as one of six siblings at the home of his parents in rural Arkansas. He was the first member of his family to graduate from high school. He was admitted to the University of Central Arkansas on a track and field scholarship and studied special education and physical education. After graduation, he served six years in the Navy during the Vietnam War, where he worked on cryptography.
Following his discharge from the Navy, Cook earned a master's degree in human resource management from Pepperdine University and an educational specialist degree from the University of Arkansas. Over 30 years, he worked as a teacher, coach, principal, assistant superintendent and superintendent in the Sheridan, Bradford, McRae, Bald Knob, Sloan-Hendrix, Osceola, and Hoxie school districts. From 1990 to 2002, he also worked with his brother-in-law, managing a shoe-last factory in Hoxie.
Politics
State house service
In 2004, Cook ran in the Democratic primary to succeed retiring House majority leader Harmon Seawel. After winning the primary and runoff, he faced Republican Rodney Harris and Independent R. Garry Palmer in the general election and was elected with 61.5% of the vote. He was reelected without opposition in 2006 and 2008.
By 2010, Cook had been named chair of the House Education subcommittees on K-12 education and Veterans.
2010 congressional run
In 2010, Cook opted to seek election to the U.S. House of Representatives from Arkansas's 1st congressional district, after incumbent Robert Marion Berry announced his retirement. He placed third in the Democratic primary behind former state senator Tim Wooldridge and Berry's chief of staff, Chad Causey, the eventual nominee. Causey would go on to lose in November to Republican Rick Crawford. Cook was succeeded in the state house by fellow Democrat Linda Collins-Smith, who switched parties seven months into her term.
Later life
Cook was named director of the Arkansas Leadership Academy, a unit of the College of Education and Health Professions at the University of Arkansas, in 2014. A training consortium for state educators, the academy was created by the Arkansas General Assembly in 1991.
References
External links
1950 births
Living people
Democratic Party members of the Arkansas House of Representatives
People from Sharp County, Arkansas
Pepperdine University alumni
University of Arkansas alumni
University of Central Arkansas alumni
21st-century American politicians |
Tingena xanthodesma is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in Southland, the Otago region, and on Kapiti Island. This species inhabits native forest and is on the wing from November to February.
Taxonomy
This species was first described by in 1923 by Alfred Philpott using specimens collected in Otago and named Borkhausenia xanthodesma. George Hudson discussed this species as a synonym of Borkhausenia compsogramma in his 1928 publication The butterflies and moths of New Zealand. In 1926 Philpott discussed this species under the name B. xanthodesma and separated it from B. compsogramma based on differences in the male genitalia of these two species. In 1988 J. S. Dugdale confirmed this separation based on both the pattern colour differences between the two species as well as difference in the genitalia and placed this species within the genus Tingena. The male holotype specimen, collected at Tisbury in Southland, is held at the New Zealand Arthropod Collection.
Description
Philpott described this species as follows:
Philpott states that a form of this species can be found in the Hunter Mountains where the fasciae are tinged an orange red colour.
Distribution
This species is endemic to New Zealand. It has been observed in Southland, Otago including in Dunedin and a specimen has also been collected on Kapiti Island.
Behaviour
The adults of this species are on the wing from November to February.
Habitat
This species inhabits native forest.
References
Oecophoridae
Moths of New Zealand
Moths described in 1923
Endemic fauna of New Zealand
Taxa named by Alfred Philpott
Endemic moths of New Zealand |
This article lists the discography of the late American Blues and Soul bassist, Donald "Duck" Dunn. Dunn was an influential bassist notable for his recordings in the 1960s in the house band for Stax Records, Booker T. & the M.G.'s and thereafter as a session bassist.
with the Mar-Keys
Mar-Keys (Great Memphis Sound, 1966)
The Mar-Keys/Booker T & The MGs (Back to Back, 1967)
with Booker T & the MGs
Booker T & The MGs (Soul Dressing, 1965)
Booker T & The MGs (In the Christmas Spirit, 1966)
Booker T & The MGs (And Now... Booker T & The MGs, 1966)
Booker T & The MGs (Hip Hug-Her, 1967)
Booker T & The MGs (Uptight, 1968)
Booker T & The MGs (Best of Booker T & The MGs, 1968)
Booker T & The MGs (Doin' Our Thing, 1968)
Booker T & The MGs (Soul Limbo, 1968)
Booker T & The MGs (The Booker T. Set, 1969)
Booker T & The MGs (Mclemore Avenue, 1970)
Booker T & The MGs (Melting Pot, 1971)
MGs (The MGs, 1973)
Booker T & The MGs (Best of Booker T & The MGs, 1986)
Booker T & The MGs (Hip Hug-Her, 1992)
Booker T & The MGs (And Now... Booker T & The MGs, 1992)
Booker T & The MGs (Doin' Our Thing, 1992)
Booker T & The MGs (The Very Best of Booker T & The MGs, 1994)
Booker T & The MGs (That's the Way It Should Be, 1994)
Booker T & The MGs (Time Is Tight, 1998)
Booker T & The MGs (Soul Men, 2003)
with Rance Allen
Rance Allen (A Soulful Experience, 1975)
Rance Allen (The Best of The Rance Allen Group, 1988)
Rance Allen (Up Above My Head, 1995)
Rance Allen (Let the Music Get Down in Your Soul, 1997)
Rance Allen (The Soulful Truth of The Rance Allen Group, 2001)
Rance Allen (Stax Profiles, 2005)
with Duane Allman
Duane Allman (Anthology vol. 2, 1974)
with Joan Baez
Joan Baez (Gulf Winds, 1976)
Joan Baez (Blowin' Away, 1977)
Joan Baez (Complete A&M Recordings, 2003)
with William Bell
William Bell (Soul of a Bell, 1967)
William Bell (William Bell, 1974)
William Bell (Little Something Extra, 1992)
William Bell (Bound to Happen, 1997)
William Bell (Soul of a Bell, 2002)
with The Blues Brothers
Blues Brothers (Briefcase Full of Blues, 1978)
Blues Brothers (The Blues Brothers, 1980)
Blues Brothers (Made In America, 1981)
Blues Brothers (Best of the Blues Brothers, 1982)
Blues Brothers (Dancin' wid da Blues Brothers, 1985)
Blues Brothers (Everybody Needs Blues Brothers, 1986)
Blues Brothers (Live in Montreaux, 1987)
Blues Brothers (Red White and Blues, 1988)
Blues Brothers (The Definitive Collection, 1992)
Blues Brothers (Blues Brothers & Friends: Live from Chicago's House of Blues, 1997)
Blues Brothers (Blues Brothers 2000, 1999)
Blues Brothers (The Blues Brothers Complete, 2000)
with Shirley Brown
Shirley Brown (Woman to Woman, 1974)
Shirley Brown (Shirley Brown, 1977)
with Roy Buchanan
Roy Buchanan (Loading Zone, 1977)
Roy Buchanan (Sweet Dreams: The Anthology, 1992)
Roy Buchanan (Guitar on Fire, 1993)
with Jimmy Buffett
Jimmy Buffett (Hot Water, 1988)
with Ray Charles
Ray Charles (Genius & Soul: The 50th Anniversary Collection, 1997)
with Keith Christmas
Keith Christmas (Stories from the Human Zoo, 1976)
with Eric Clapton
Eric Clapton (Money and Cigarettes, 1983)
Eric Clapton (Behind the Sun, 1985)
Eric Clapton (Crossroads, 1988)
Eric Clapton (Clapton Chronicles: Best of 1981-1999, 1999)
Eric Clapton (Money & Cigarettes, 2000)
Eric Clapton (Best Of Eric Clapton [Import Bonus Tracks], 2000)
Eric Clapton (Unplugged/Clapton Chronicles, 2001)
with Doug Clifford
Doug Clifford (Cosmo, 1972)
with Rita Coolidge
Rita Coolidge (Rita Coolidge, 1971)
with Don Covay
Don Covay (Mercy, Mercy/Seesaw, 2000)
with Crosby Stills Nash & Young
Crosby Stills Nash & Young (Looking Forward, 1999)
with Steve Cropper
Steve Cropper (Playing my Thang, 1980)
with Delaney & Bonnie
Delaney & Bonnie (Home, 1969)
with Bob Dylan
Bob Dylan (Shot of Love, 1981)
Bob Dylan (Bob Dylan 30th Anniversary Concert, 1993)
with Jesse Ed Davis
Jesse Ed Davis (Ululu, 1972)
with Willie Dixon
Willie Dixon (The Chess Box, 1990)
with Tinsley Ellis
Tinsley Ellis (Fire It Up, 1997)
with The Emotions
The Emotions (Sunshine, 1978)
The Emotions (So I Can Love You, 1970)
with Yvonne Elliman
Yvonne Elliman (Best Of Yvonne Elliman, 1997)
with Eddie Floyd
Eddie Floyd (Knock on Wood, 1967)
Eddie Floyd (Rare Stamps, 1969)
Eddie Floyd (Soul Street, 1974)
with Peter Frampton
Peter Frampton (Where I Should Be, 1979)
with John Fogerty
John Fogerty (Blue Moon Swamp, 1997)
John Fogerty (Blue Moon Swamp, 2004)
with Carol Grimes
Carol Grimes (Carol Grimes, 1976)
with Isaac Hayes
Isaac Hayes (Presenting Isaac Hayes, 1967)
with Ronnie Hawkins
Ronnie Hawkins (The Hawk, 1971)
with Ruby Johnson
Ruby Johnson (I'll Run Your Heart Away, 1993)
with Albert King
Albert King (Born Under a Bad Sign, 1967)
Albert King (Years Gone By, 1969)
Albert King (King of the Blues Guitar, 1969)
Albert King (Blues for Elvis - King Does the King's Things, 1970)
Albert King (Lovejoy, 1971)
Albert King (The Pinch or The Blues Don't Change, 1977)
Albert King (Best of Albert King Vol 1, 1986)
Albert King (The Best of Albert King, Vol 1, 1991)
Albert King (The Ultimate Collection, 1993)
Albert King (The Blues Don't Change, 1996)
Albert King (The Very Best of Albert King, 1999)
Albert King (Born Under a Bad Sign, 2002)
with Freddie King
Freddie King (Getting Ready, 1971)
Freddie King (Texas Cannonball, 1972)
Freddy King (Hide Away: The Best of Freddy King)
Freddie King (Getting Ready, 1996)
Freddie King (Ultimate Collection, 2001)
Freddie King (Texas Cannonball, 2002)
with Richie Havens
Richie Havens (End of the Beginning, 1976)
Richie Havens (Dreaming As One: The A&M Years, 2004)
with Levon Helm
Levon Helm (Levon Helm & The RCO All Stars, 1977)
Levon Helm (Levon Helm & The RCO All-Stars, 1996)
with Herbie Mann
Herbie Mann (Push Push, 1971)
with Chris Hillman
Chris Hillman (Slippin' Away, 1976)
with Jerry Lee Lewis
Jerry Lee Lewis (All Killer, No Filler: The Anthology, 1993)
Jerry Lee Lewis (Mercury Smashes... and Rockin' Sessions, 2000)
Jerry Lee Lewis (Southern Roots: Boogie Woogie Country Man, 2004)
with The Manhattan Transfer
The Manhattan Transfer (Pastiche, 1976)
The Manhattan Transfer (Pastiche, 1978)
The Manhattan Transfer (Pastiche, 1994)
with Mel & Tim
Mel & Tim (Starting All Over Again, 1972)
with Stevie Nicks
Stevie Nicks (Bella Donna, 1981)
Stevie Nicks (Timespace: The Best of Stevie Nicks, 1991)
Stevie Nicks (Enchanted: The Works of Stevie Nicks, 1998)
with Don Nix
Don Nix (Living by the Days, 1971)
with Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers
Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers (Damn the Torpedoes, 1979)
Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers (Hard Promises, 1981)
Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers (Playback, 1995)
Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers (Anthology: Through the Years, 2000)
with Wilson Pickett
Wilson Pickett (In the Midnight Hour, 1965)
Wilson Pickett (The Exciting Wilson Pickett, 1966)
Wilson Pickett (Wilson Pickett's Greatest Hits, 1985)
Wilson Pickett (A Man and a Half: The Best of Wilson Pickett, 1992)
Wilson Pickett (In the Midnight Hour, 1993)
with David Porter
David Porter (Victim of the Joke?: An Opera, 1971)
David Porter (Victim of the Joke?, 1995)
with Elvis Presley
Elvis Presley (Raised On Rock/For Ol' Times Sake, 1973)
with John Prine
John Prine (Common Sense, 1975)
John Prine (Prime Prine, 1976)
John Prine (Great Days: The John Prine Anthology, 1993)
with Otis Redding
Otis Redding (Pain In My Heart, 1964)
Otis Redding (The Great Otis Redding Sings Soul Ballads, 1965)
Otis Redding (Otis Blue/Otis Redding Sings Soul, 1966)
Otis Redding (The Soul Album, 1966)
Otis Redding (Live in Europe, 1967)
Otis Redding & Carla Thomas (King & Queen, 1967)
Otis Redding (Dock of the Bay, 1968)
Otis Redding (The Immortal Otis Redding, 1968)
Otis Redding (Love Man, 1969)
Otis Redding (Tell the Truth, 1970)
Otis Redding (Otis! The Definitive Otis Redding, 1993)
Otis Redding (Otis Redding Sings Soul, 1993)
Otis Redding (Dreams to Remember: The Otis Redding Anthology, 1998)
with Bruce Roberts
Bruce Roberts (Bruce Roberts, 1978)
with Leon Russell
Leon Russell (Will o' The Wisp, 1975)
Leon Russell (Best Of Leon Russell, 1976)
Leon Russell (Retrospective, 1997)
with Mitch Ryder
Mitch Ryder (The Detroit Memphis Experiment, 1969)
with Sam & Dave
Sam & Dave (Back at 'Cha!, 1976)
Sam & Dave (The Very Best Of Same & Dave, 1995)
with Leo Sayer
Leo Sayer (Here, 1979)
Leo Sayer (Here, 2003)
with Boz Scaggs
Boz Scaggs (My Time: The Anthology 1969–1997, 1997)
with Mavis Staples
Mavis Staples (Mavis Staples, 1969)
Mavis Staples (Only for the Lonely, 1970)
with The Staples Singers
The Staples Singers (Soul Folk in Action, 1968)
The Staple Singers (This Time Around, 1981)
with Rod Stewart
Rod Stewart (Atlantic Crossing, 1975)
Rod Stewart (A Night on the Town, 1976)
with The Soul Children
The Soul Children (Soul Children/Best Of Two Worlds, 1995)
The Soul Children (Genesis/Friction, 1999)
with Billy Swan
Billy Swan (You're OK, I'm OK, 1978)
with Tavares
Tavares (Best of Tavares, 1996)
with Johnnie Taylor
Johnnie Taylor (Who's Making Love, 1968)
Johnnie Taylor (The Johnnie Taylor Philosophy Continues, 1969)
Johnnie Taylor (Who's Making Love, 1991)
Johnnie Taylor (Lifetime, 2000)
with Carla Thomas
Carla Thomas (Hidden Gems, 1991)
Carla Thomas (Gee Whiz: The Best Of Carla Thomas, 1994)
Carla Thomas (Love Means Carla Thomas/Memphis Queen, 1997)
with Mickey Thomas
Mickey Thomas (As Long As You Love Me, 1976)
Mickey Thomas (As long as you love me, 1977)
with Rufus Thomas
Rufus Thomas (Can't Get Away From This Dog, 1992)
with Muddy Waters
Muddy Waters (Fathers and Sons, 1969)
Muddy Waters (Muddy & The Wolf, 1974)
Muddy Waters (Chess Box, 1990)
Muddy Waters (Goodbye Newport Blues, 1995)
with Tony Joe White
Tony Joe White (Lake Placid Blues, 1995)
with Bill Withers
Bill Withers (Just as I Am, 1971)
Bill Withers (The Best Of Bill Withers, 1994)
Bill Withers (Lean on Me: The Best of Bill Withers, 2000)
with Neil Young
Neil Young (Silver & Gold, 2000)
Neil Young (Road Rock Vol 1: Friends & Relatives, 2000)
Neil Young (Are You Passionate?, 2002)
Various artist compilations
Guitar Showdown at the Dusk 'Til Dawn Blues Festival, 1966
Various Artists (Monterrey International Pop Festival, 1967)
Various Artists (Soul Christmas, 1968)
Various Artists (Atlantic Blues, 1986)
Soundtrack (The Great Outdoors, 1988)
Soundtrack (Roadhouse, 1989)
Legends Of Guitar (Electric Blues Vol.1, 1990)
Various Artists (Atlantic Rhythm & Blues 1947-1974, 1991)
Various Artists (Blues Masters Vol 1: Urban Blues, 1992)
Various Artists (Stax/Volt Review, Vol 3: Live In Europe - Hit The Road Stax, 1992)
Blues Masters Sampler (1993)
Various Artists (The Complete Stax-Volt Soul Singles Vol 2: 1968-1971, 1993)
The Original Soul Christmas (1994)
Various Artists (Texas Music, Vol 1: Postwar Blues Combos, 1994)
Various Artists (Blues Masters Vol 1-5, 1995)
Various Artists (Jingle Bell Jam: Jazz Christmas Classics, 1995)
Various Artists (Original Soul Christmas, 1995)
Various Artists (Mean Old World: The Blues from 1940 to 1994, 1996)
Soundtrack (Vampires, 1998)
Soundtrack (Martin Scorsese Presents the Blues: A Musical Journey, 2003)
Various Artists (Soul Comes Home: Celebration of Stax Records, 2004)
References
Dunn, Donald |
Intriga, is a Mexican telenovela produced by Televisa and originally transmitted by Telesistema Mexicano.
Cast
Ofelia Montesco
Raúl Ramírez
Anita Blanch
Susana Alexander
References
External links
Televisa telenovelas
Spanish-language telenovelas
1968 telenovelas
1968 Mexican television series debuts
1968 Mexican television series endings |
The United States's Emery nuclear test series was a group of 16 nuclear weapons tests conducted in 1970 and 1971. These tests followed the Operation Mandrel series and preceded the Operation Grommet series.
The underground Baneberry test vented into the atmosphere. For descriptions, see Yucca Flat#Baneberry and List of military nuclear accidents#1970s
References
Explosions in 1970
Explosions in 1971
Emery
1970 in military history
1971 in military history
1970 in Nevada
1971 in Nevada
1971 in the environment |
The Villa Pazzi al Parugiano is a Renaissance style, rural aristocratic palace located in the rural neighborhood or frazione of Bagnolo, located within the town limits of Montemurlo, province of Prato, region of Tuscany, Italy. The word Parugiano appears to be dialect for Paludano or Pantano, meaning swampy. The villa is now privately owned and rented out for cultural functions and celebrations.
The villa and the properties that are linked to it once belonged to the Pazzi family, which retained ownership until 1935 despite their affiliation with the attempted coup against the Medici. The property was purchased by the architect Adolfo Coppede. The former room of Saint Mary Magdalene de' Pazzi was converted into a chapel, and frescoed by the Flemish painter Stradanus between 1585 and 1587.
References
Villas in Tuscany
Renaissance architecture in Tuscany
Buildings and structures in Montemurlo |
Miss Basketball or Ms. Basketball is an award given to the best high school girls basketball player in many U.S. states.
American basketball trophies and awards
Women's basketball in the United States
American women's basketball players
Youth basketball |
Parodi is a village in Ashti Taluka, Beed District, Aurangabad Division, Maharashtra, India.
Demographics
In the 2001 census, the village of Parodi had 1,084 inhabitants, with 555 males (51.2%) and 529 females (48.8%), for a gender ratio of 953 females per thousand males.
Notes
External links
(in English)
Villages in Beed district |
Kaftoun () is a small Lebanese village located along the north bank of the Walnut River, in the Koura District, North Lebanon. The population of the village is approximately three-hundred, spread around seventy-four houses. They are mostly of Greek Orthodox ancestry. The name "Kaftoun" in the ancient Aramaic language means "dug from" or "sculpted from" a cliff and also (Kftuna) could means "the domed".
Both roots of the word lead us to believe that the village of Kaftoun was named after the domed Theotokos Monastery which is carved in the red rock cliffs by the banks of the Jaouz River.
Churches
Kaftoun has three historic churches: Saint Phocas Church (Mar Foka's), the Church of Saint Sergius and Bacchus
(Mar Sarkis) 6th century, and the most famed Theotokos Monastery, which houses a two-sided Byzantine icon from the 11th century.
References
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20130903215351/http://www.kaftoun.com/
Kaftoun, Localiban
Christian communities in Lebanon
Eastern Orthodox Christian communities in Lebanon
Populated places in the North Governorate
Koura District
Populated places in Lebanon |
Netperf is a software application that provides network bandwidth testing between two hosts on a network. It supports Unix domain sockets, TCP, SCTP, DLPI and UDP via BSD Sockets. Netperf provides a number of predefined tests e.g. to measure bulk (unidirectional) data transfer or request response performance.
Netperf was originally developed at Hewlett Packard.
See also
Nuttcp
Iperf
NetPIPE
bwping
Flowgrind
Measuring network throughput
Packet generation model
References
External links
Homepage of netperf
Computer network analysis
Network performance |
December Pookal () is a 1986 Indian Tamil-language slasher film starring Mohan, Revathi, Nalini and Nizhalgal Ravi, Goundamani and Senthil. It was released on 14 January 1986.
Plot
Chandru loses his wife in an accident, then goes on a killing spree, murdering all those women who refused to donate blood to his wife when she was hospitalised. Poornima, Chandru's new girlfriend, confronts him about his state of mind, but instead of getting him help, she tells him that she feels privileged to be killed by him. The police arrive on time to shoot Chandru in the back.
Cast
Mohan as Chandru
Revathi as Annam Poornima
Nalini as Uma
Nizhalgal Ravi as Inspector Vinoth
Goundamani as Mestri Mayilsamy
Senthil as Senthil Kumaran
Sivachandran
Ilavarasan
V. Gopalakrishnan as Gopinath Poornima's father
Delhi Ganesh as JR.Seshadri
Chinni Jayanth as Chandru's Assistant
Y. Vijaya as Manonmani
Kuyili as Sarasu
Kumarimuthu as Police constable
Omakuchi Narasimhan
Master Haja Sheriff
MLA Thangaraj
Soundtrack
The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja. The song "Azhagaka Sirithathu" attained popularity.
Reception
Kalki said the cinematography by Raja Rajan was the film's only high point.
References
External links
1980s slasher films
1980s Tamil-language films
1986 films
Films scored by Ilaiyaraaja
Indian slasher films |
Great Goat Island is a cay located less than a mile off the coast of Jamaica, southwest of the Hellshire Hills. It is part of Saint Catherine Parish. Along with Little Goat Island located northwest of it, these two cays make up the Goat Islands, which are within the Portland Bight Protected Area.
The Spanish, who occupied Jamaica from the fifteenth century, used the Goat Islands as a part of their defence system:
"Don Fernando Melgarejo deCordova, Your Governor of the island of Jamaica,... On the 15th March [1598] after having driven from the port a hulk and tender of corsairs, he had information that they were three leagues outside the port at a Cay called "The Goats", and crews from the vessels, on the shore cutting Brazil wood and loading it. He went personally in two boats to disembark in some mangrove thickets and swamps, because the port was occupied, and so as not to be detected he went at midnight and supplied the people, at his own expense, with arms and munitions and provisions; and, in an ambuscade that he made, he captured and killed many with great risk to his person on account of the pieces of artillery they discharged."
According to the records of Jamaican land grants and patents, the cays were in the hands of private owners for several centuries after the arrival of the English in the 17th century. Most notable of these was Sir Thomas Lynch, a governor of Jamaica, who owned the islands from 1682-1684.
According to the Morning Journal, April 16, 1838: "All that valuable and extensive run of land, called Great Goat Island, containing about 1,500 acres, all in heavy wood, upwards of 30 years growth. The above run of land not only abounds in the best hardwood timbers, but also a great quantity of limestone of superior quality; and as a fishing station, Spanish Town and its vicinity is chiefly and abundantly supplied there from."
During WWII, an agreement between the UK and the US saw the islands converted to a US naval and air base.
These cays were previously home to the Jamaican Iguana until the 1940s, when the population was thought to have become extinct, mainly due to predation by introduced small Indian mongooses and habitat alteration by feral goats.
The island, as of September 2013, was being considered as the base for a Chinese funded transhipment hub. Since then the Jamaican government has committed to establish the Goat Islands as a conservation sanctuary.
References
Islands of Jamaica
Geography of Saint Catherine Parish |
The Scorpions are a 1960s British beat group, originally from Manchester in England, that became popular notably in the Netherlands. Their most important hit was "Hello Josephine", a song by Fats Domino.
History
Beginnings
The band was started in 1960 and in the early days consisted of lead guitarist Tony Postill, his cousin Rodney on rhythm guitar, bass player Tony Brierley and Mike Delaney on drums. As teenage boys they would practice in Tony's bedroom but were in need of a frontman. As they searched for singer, Tony recalled an older boy at his school with a good singing voice, Pete Lewis, who he got in touch with and who agreed to join them. Although the band wasn't known in Manchester, they played in the famous Cavern Club in Liverpool, and feature on the Cavern Club's "Wall of Fame". They didn't release records in the UK. Just like many other British bands, The Scorpions tried their luck on the continent. Not in Germany or France, but in the Netherlands, where the market chances for the band were bigger.
In the Netherlands
In the Netherlands, the group were successful. Dutch booking agent Jan Vis arranged a series of gigs and producer Addy Kleijngeld arranged a Dutch recording contract at CNR. Their first single, a cover of Chuck Berry’s "Bye Bye Johnny" with "Rip It Up" on the flipside, was released in August 1964. It was not a success. However, CNR believed in the Scorpions and during that year they released three other singles. The third, "Hello Josephine", was their own version of Fats Domino's "My Girl Josephine". In the meantime, Brierley stepped out and Terry Morton became lead guitarist. Rodney Postill switched to bass guitar and cousin Tony Postill to rhythm guitar. "Hello Josephine" became a hit in the Netherlands and reached the number two position in the Netherlands Top 40 of offshore radio station Radio Veronica. Drummer Mike Delaney left the group in the beginning of 1965 and was replaced by Ian Lucas. The success of "Hello Josephine" justified the release of an LP, entitled Scorpions, which was released in mid-1965.
Problems
At that moment a difficult time started for the band. It was not easy to find a proper follow-up for "Hello Josephine". Although the ballad "Ann Louise" sold well, it could not compete with the success of "Hello Josephine". In addition, there were problems with the authorities. At that time there was no open European market and work permits for Englishmen were rather limited in the Netherlands. The Scorpions were urged to return to Manchester, where hardly anybody knew them because CNR did not release records in the UK. Peter Lewis and Ian Lucas decided to return and recruited guitarist Graham Lee for lead guitar and backing vocals, Dave Vernon (bass) and Roy Smithson (organ). The first single in their new line-up, "Greensleeves" entered the charts.
There was a highlight for the band in October 1965; the Scorpions were one of the big names on the yearly TV-event called the Grand Gala du Disque. They performed two songs. Other artists on the show were The Everly Brothers, Dave Berry and The Supremes. Shortly after that, drummer Ian Lucas left the band and was replaced by Tom Unthank. The band found it difficult to promote themselves due to the difficulty in obtaining work permits and so gradually, the band's popularity waned. At the end of 1967, they returned to England. There was then an eleven-year gap before the band returned to the Netherlands.
New success
Ten years later in 1977, former pirate station Radio Veronica became legal, and they broadcast a TV-marathon, The Day the Music Died. On a stage, built in the North Sea on the shore of Scheveningen, pop groups and singers of the 1960s would again perform with their biggest 1960s hits. The band at this time consisted of lead singer Peter Lewis, Graham Lee (lead guitar), Roy Smithson (piano), Tommy Unthank (drums) and Cedric Terry (bass). This gig had unexpected consequences: "Hello Josephine" again became a hit and reached the ninth position in the Dutch Top 40, which led to more gigs. New members then joined the band, Dave Robin (bass) and Max Hardy who replaced Unthank.
This new line-up recorded a new LP containing former songs as well as new ones. The group frequently toured in the Netherlands until 1979.
Having been diagnosed with stomach cancer, Pete Lewis (the last remaining original band member) died at home in 1985. He was treated by Harold Shipman, nicknamed "Doctor Death" and was to be Harold Shipman's youngest victim.
Members
Original band members
Peter Lewis: lead vocals (born 31 December 1943 died 1 January 1985)
Tony Brierley (Anthony Brierley): lead guitar (born 1944)
Tony Postill (Anthony Harold Postill): lead and rhythm guitar (born 1944 died)
Rodney Postill (Joseph Rodney Postill): rhythm and bass guitar (born 1942)
Mike Delaney (Michael Delaney): drums (born 1945)
Subsequent band members
Terence James Morton: lead guitar (died 27 October 2021)
Ian Lucas: drums (born 1945)
Graham Lee (Graham Caunce Lee): lead guitar and vocals (born 22 May 1943)
Dave Robin: bass
Cedric Terry: bass
Dave Vernon: bass (died 2021)
Tom Morgan: bass and vocals
Martin Davies: bass and vocals
Diccon Hubbard: bass and vocals
Roy Smithson: piano, organ, keyboards and vocals
Tommy Unthank: drums
Max Hardy: drums
Discography
Albums
1965: Hello Josephine
1965: Climbing the Charts
1966: Sweet and Lovely (repackage of Climbing the Charts)
1966: Keep In Touch with The Scorpions
1978: My Own Way to Rock
Singles
1964: "Hello Josephine"
1964: "What Did I Say"
1964: "Johnny B. Goode"
1964: "Some Other Guy"
1964: "Bye Bye Johnny / Rip It Up"
1965: "Greensleeves / Hey Honey"
1965: "Ann Louise"
1965: "Balla Balla"
CDs
1996: Anthology 1959-1965
1997: The Scorpions
1998: Hello Josephine – The Complete Collection
2005: Hello Josephine/Climbing the Charts
2007: Now
References
External links
Musical groups from Manchester
Musical groups established in 1963
British rhythm and blues boom musicians
Beat groups |
Frank Harrison Jr. (November 21, 1913 – August 9, 2013) was an American physician, professor and university administrator.
Harrison was born in 1913 in Dallas, Texas, and educated at Southern Methodist University, Northwestern University and UT Southwestern Medical School. He received the B.Sc. Chemistry in 1957 from SMU, the M.Sc. (1936) and Ph.D. (1938) from Northwestern University and the M.D. from UT Southwestern Medical School in 1956. Harrison pursued a long career of service within The University of Texas System, notably at UT Southwestern, University of Texas at Arlington and University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
Career
After receiving his Ph.D., Harrison taught at the University of Tennessee for 13 years before returning to Dallas to teach pathology and anatomy at UT Southwestern Medical Center. After serving as associate dean of the Dallas Medical School and its college of graduate studies, in 1965 he was asked to assume the additional responsibilities of starting graduate education at University of Texas at Arlington. In 1968, following the establishment of six graduate programs at UTA, he became acting president, and in 1969 he was named president of UTA. Harrison also served as an adjunct professor of electrical engineering at SMU From 1964 to 1970.
The UT Board of Regents selected Harrison in 1972 to be the first president of the newly created University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, a post he held until his retirement in 1985. When it was established the Health Science Center employed 1,000 faculty and staff, conducted sponsored research on the order of $3 million, and enrolled 500 students. By September 1984 the faculty and staff size had risen to 3,000, pursuing funded research of $32 million. The enrollment had more than quadrupled to 2,300 students. The UTHSCSA physical facilities stood at 1.6 million square feet having begun operation in 1972 with 440,000 square feet. During this 13-year period from 1972 to 1985, the Dental School, School of Nursing and other buildings were also added.
Honors, awards and memberships
In 1971, Harrison was named Distinguished Alumnus of Southern Methodist University and in 1990 the Frank Harrison Chair in Reproductive Endocrinology was created at University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio in his honor. In November 2000 he was named President Emeritus of UTHSCSA.
Harrison was a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Alpha Omega Alpha, Kappa Sigma, Alpha Kappa Kappa, American Association of Anatomists, American Physiological Society, Texas Philosophical Society, Biophys. Society, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and the Society Experimental Biology and Medicine.
Dr. Frank Harrison died in Dallas, Texas on August 9, 2013, at the age of 99.
References
Additional sources
http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/newsroom/center-times/year-2013/october/harrison-obit.html
http://www.uta.edu/utamagazine/archive-issues/2010-13/in-memoriam/
http://www.uta.edu/ucomm/internalcommunications/mavwire/2013/aug22.php
http://www.uta.edu/publications/utamagazine/spring_2004/stories7235.html
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utarl/00086/arl-00086.html
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utarl/00174/arl-00174.html
http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/txar/sports/m-baskbl/auto_pdf/0809-mg-pt8-utarlington.pdf
http://www.uta.edu/engineering/timeline.php
2013 deaths
American pathologists
Northwestern University alumni
University of Texas at Arlington faculty
Presidents of the University of Texas at Arlington
1913 births
Southern Methodist University alumni
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio faculty |
Markku Into was a Finnish poet and one of the main members in Finnish 1960s underground movement of Turku. Markku Into has written collections of poetry, prose and plays. He has also translated into Finnish such American Beat generation writers as Allen Ginsberg, Lawrence Ferlinghetti and Gregory Corso; also Charles Bukowski. He wrote lyrics for the band Suomen Talvisota 1939-1940. His literary debut was Tuonela Rock of 1971. Markku Into has also received the Eino Leino Prize in 2001.
Alongside Suomen Talvisota 1939-1940, he has performed in the 21st century with Turku's band Turun Romantiikka.
Bibliography
Tuonela Rock (1971)
Tänään kotona (1978)
Etäisten lauseiden mies (1980)
U (1982)
Päästä minut lihasta (1983)
Um Tut Sut (1985)
Tuskin tulee ilta (1988)
Yön kevyt polttoöljy (1990)
Elvis eli elämänsä yksin (1991)
Etsivätoimisto Andrejev ja Milton (with M.A. Numminen, 1991)
Mies ja painovoima (1995)
Raivoava takakirves (2001)
Naapuri (with M.A. Numminen and Jarkko Laine, 2002)
Hyvä yö (2003)
Kiivaat tyvenet - valitut runot 1964-2005 (2005)
References
1945 births
2018 deaths
21st-century Finnish poets
Recipients of the Eino Leino Prize
International Writing Program alumni
Finnish male poets
20th-century Finnish poets
20th-century male writers
21st-century male writers
Writers from Turku |
Alex Rodrigo da Silva Merlim (born 15 July 1986), also known as Babalu, is a Brazilian born Italian futsal player who plays for Sporting CP and the Italian national futsal team as a winger.
Honours
Liga Portuguesa: 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022-23
Taça de Portugal: 2015–16, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2021–22
Taça da Liga de Futsal: 2015–16, 2017–18, 2020–21, 2021–22
Supertaça de Futsal: 2017, 2018, 2021, 2022
UEFA Futsal Champions League: 2018–19, 2020–21
References
External links
Sporting CP profile
1986 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Mato Grosso do Sul
Futsal forwards
Italian men's futsal players
Brazilian men's futsal players
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Brazilian emigrants to Italy
Luparense Calcio a 5 players
Sporting CP futsal players
Brazilian people of Italian descent
Italian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
People from Dourados
Naturalised citizens of Italy
Naturalised sports competitors |
These are the Municipal districts created in Quebec on 15 April, 1841, from a proclamation of governor Sydenham. They were replaced by parish and township municipalities in 1845.
Districts
Municipal district of Beauharnois.
Municipal district of Berthier.
Municipal district of Bonaventure.
Municipal district of Chaudière.
Municipal district of Dorchester.
Municipal district of Gaspé.
Municipal district of Kamouraska.
Municipal district of Lac-des-Deux-Montagnes.
Municipal district of Leinster.
Municipal district of Missisquoi.
Municipal district of Montréal.
Municipal district of Nicolet.
Municipal district of Portneuf.
Municipal district of Quebec.
Municipal district of Richelieu.
Municipal district of Rimouski.
Municipal district of Saguenay.
Municipal district of Saint-Hyacinthe.
Municipal district of Saint-Jean.
Municipal district of Saint-Thomas.
Municipal district of Sherbrooke.
Municipal district of Sydenham.
Municipal district of Terrebonne.
Municipal district of Trois-Rivières.
External links
Paroisses et municipalités de la région de Montréal au XIXe siècle, 1825-1861
Gazette du Canada, 1841
Local government in Quebec
Political history of Quebec
1841 establishments in Canada
1845 disestablishments
1840s in Canada |
Kryvolyka () is a village in Ukraine, Ternopil Oblast, Chortkiv Raion, Bilobozhnytsia rural hromada.
History
Known since the late 17th century.
Religion
Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary (OCU, 1898, wooden)
People
Kharyton Dovhaliuk (1918–2006), Ukrainian priest, writer, engineer, and public figure
References
Bilobozhnytsia rural hromada
Villages in Chortkiv Raion |
Statistics of Úrvalsdeild in the 1970 season.
Overview
It was contested by 8 teams, and ÍA won the championship. ÍBA's Hermann Gunnarsson was the top scorer with 14 goals.
League standings
Results
Each team played every opponent once home and away for a total of 14 matches.
References
Úrvalsdeild karla (football) seasons
Iceland
Iceland
1970 in Icelandic football |
Dasht-e Zar (, also Romanized as Dasht-e Zār) is a village in Poshtkuh Rural District, in the Central District of Khash County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 44, in 7 families.
References
Populated places in Khash County |
San Antonio Bay is a bay on the Texas Gulf Coast situated between Matagorda and Aransas Bay. It consists mainly of the combined waters of the San Antonio and Guadalupe rivers, and is located at the mouth of the Guadalupe River, about 55 miles (89 km) northeast of Corpus Christi and 130 miles (209 km) southeast of San Antonio. It is protected from the Gulf of Mexico by Matagorda Island, leaving only relatively small and distant outlets to the Gulf for little mixing of bay and Gulf waters. The remoteness of the bay has prevented the establishment of major ports as seen on Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay, to the south.
San Antonio Bay is one of seven major estuaries along the Gulf Coast of Texas. The Aransas National Wildlife Refuge is found on the southwest portion of the bay. The diverse wildlife on these shores make up for the lack of a sizable human settlement.
History
The Karankawa Indians used the land near the Guadalupe River delta and San Antonio Bay for camping purposes. They also populated Matagorda Island on the opposite side of the bay. Captain Luis Cazorla of Presidio La Bahía crossed San Antonio Bay to visit the island in 1776, and discovered that the Indians had killed the mates of a shipwrecked British trading vessel. For a short time, he convinced the Indian leaders not to kill shipwreck survivors on the island. An effort was made to convert the Indians with the establishment of Mission Refugio on San Antonio Bay in 1793, after Fray José Francisco Garza found a shallow crossing that the Indians used to travel to the mainland. To prevent the Indians from using Matagorda Island as a hiding place to stage attacks, La Bahía commandant Juan Cortés burned and cut brush around the point of crossing. No permanent colony was ever established on the island.
After the arrival of white settlers to the baytown of Hynesville in the 19th century, the Karankawa began to commit offenses against the settlers, including the unsanctioned slaughter of their livestock. As a result, the settlers engaged the Indians at the 1852 Battle of Hynes Bay, near the San Antonio Bay extension of Hynes Bay. The Karankawa were swiftly defeated, and the survivors agreed to never return; finding refuge across the Rio Grande in Tamaulipas. A few years later, the Hynes extension began to fill with mud, leaving it shallow and hard to navigate. Reports from Hynesville suggest that alligators infested the bay, killing a few residents.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Preston R. Austin set out to build a new port on the western shore. He established the town of Austwell in 1911, and quickly began dredging in 1914 to build a channel. In the early stages of development, the channel filled with mud and was abandoned. Meanwhile, on the eastern shore, the city of Seadrift, which had been established following the American Civil War, began to develop into a place of interest for fishing and shipping. The town, which was most likely named for floating debris swept ashore by the Guadalupe River, was incorporated in 1912, and by 1914 had a population of 1,250. The growth subsided in 1919, after a hurricane ravaged the area. In 1926, only 321 lived in the town. The population slowly recovered, and had surpassed its original peak in 1990, following a wave of Vietnamese refugees, who emigrated to the city after the Vietnam War. In 2000, the city had 1,352 residents.
Features
The land near the bay lies on the Texas Coastal Plain. It consists of grassy prairies, which support conifers and water-tolerant hardwoods. Most of the surrounding land is used for agricultural purposes with the exception of Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, which is preserved for wildlife.
On average, the San Antonio Bay system is deep, and covers approximately . The system is made up of the bay itself and its extensions. The main extensions include: Espiritu Santo Bay, to the bay's east; Hynes Bay, to the northwest, and Guadalupe Bay due north.
Together with its extensions, San Antonio Bay forms one of seven major estuaries along the Gulf Coast of Texas, receiving the discharge from the converged San Antonio and Guadalupe rivers. Every second, approximately of water flows into the bay. Minimal seawater exchange with the Gulf of Mexico occurs at Cedar Bayou and Pass Cavallo. As a result of the seawater exchange, the bay's salinity is 13 parts per thousand (ppt), compared to the seawater average of 35 ppt.
Ecosystem
A wide variety of wildlife can be found in and around San Antonio Bay. According to Texas Parks and Wildlife, the following fish have been caught in the bay: palmetto bass, striped bass, hardhead catfish, black drum, red drum, crevalle jack, southern kingfish, ladyfish, lefteye flounder, pinfish, spotted seatrout, and the sheepshead.
The shores along the bay, specifically the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, are home to countless birds including the endangered whooping crane, pelicans, herons, egrets, roseate spoonbills, shorebirds, ducks, and geese. American alligators, collared peccaries, feral hogs, coyotes, bobcats, raccoon and white-tailed deer as well as clams and crabs are included among the bay's diverse wildlife. Several pelicans that had been rescued and cleaned after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, were brought to the shore of San Antonio Bay in June 2010.
Industry
Nearly detached from the Gulf of Mexico by barrier islands, San Antonio Bay does not support a large shipping industry. The only port of merit on the bay is Seadrift, where a shipping channel has been dredged to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. Most inhabitants near the bay work at chemical, crab-picking, and aluminum plants.
For centuries, oyster farming has been a mainstay of the surrounding economy. However, in December 2009, commercial harvesting was suspended after the norovirus was discovered in several exported crops, resulting in a recall.
References
External links
Resource Database for Gulf of Mexico Research
Aransas National Wildlife Refuge
Bays of Texas
Bodies of water of Calhoun County, Texas
Guadalupe River (Texas)
Estuaries of Texas |
Joaquin Antoine Leroux, aka Watkins Leroux (1801–1861), was a celebrated 19th century mountain man and trail guide based in New Mexico. Leroux was a member of the convention that organized New Mexico Territory.
Biography
In 1846, Leroux served as the guide for the Mormon Battalion under Philip St. George Cooke along with Pauline Weaver and Jean Baptiste Charbonneau. Cooke was directed to take his religiously segregated troops to California to assist in the Mexican–American War.
In 1849, Leroux served under Lieutenant J.H. Whitesley in a punitive campaign against the Ute Indians. That same year he played an important role in the aftermath of the White Massacre. In 1851, Leroux guided the Lorenzo Sitgreaves expedition through Arizona, advising them to explore the Little Colorado River valley, where the party came across the Wupatki ruins built by prehistoric Indians.
By 1853, Leroux had become a wealthy sheep rancher and landowner, but was still open to trailblazing requests (albeit with personal valet). He would participate in two expeditions that year to help survey proposed routes for the proposed Transcontinental Railroad. In summer, he accompanied Amiel Weeks Whipple on an expedition at the 35th parallel. When returning from the Whipple expedition in 1854, Leroux recorded in his journal an archaeological site in the Verde Valley.
Later that same year, he was recruited at Taos by John W. Gunnison, surveying a central route (between the 38th and 39th parallels), after Gunnison's party became bogged down in the San Juan River valley. Gunnison, however, quarrelled constantly with Leroux's advice, often to the detriment of the party in terms of terrain or favorable campsites, and Leroux eventually quit the expedition. Two days later, most of the party, including Gunnison, was slaughtered when they unexpectedly came upon a group of Paiute Indians.
Legacy
Named for Leroux are:
Antoine Leroux, New Mexico
Leroux Springs in the San Francisco Peaks, for many years the primary water supply for Flagstaff, Arizona
Leroux Wash, Arizona
Antoine Leroux Land Grant
References
Further reading
The Blazed Trail of Antoine Leroux, Forbes Parkhill. Westernlore Press, Los Angeles, 1965.WorldCat
People from New Mexico
American explorers
Apache Wars
American frontier
1801 births
1861 deaths |
Brachiators are a type of primate mostly from the family Hylobatidae, which includes gibbons. Brachiators use their arms to move from tree branch to tree branch, through a process called brachiation. Their arms are longer than their legs, and are much more powerful.
Evolution
Brachiators began as four-footed monkey-like creatures in the Tertiary Era in Africa and Northern Europe. Eventually, some of the monkeys began to use their arms to swing, and lost their tails, due to evolution. They became apes with strong arms. Through the ages, the ape-like ancestors developed stronger arms and the shoulder blades moved from the side of their chests to the back of their bodies.
Most of these brachiators were smaller than average apes, so were able to move through the trees easier than gorillas or orangutans, although female orangutans do brachiate through the trees occasionally. The brachiators held their bodies upright in the trees, and would sometimes go on the ground and walk upright. This helped them survive in the plains when the forests began to die, because they were so unfamiliar to the predators that they would not be attacked.
Physical features
Brachiators have:
broad hip sockets
broad upper bodies
shoulder blades further back
locking knee joints
elongated heel bones
aligned and longer big toes
upright body position
strong muscles behind the thighs and the pelvis
bend in their loins
slightly arched spine (S-shaped)
hands adapted to grasping branches
large incisors
References
Human Origin
Primatology |
Pamban Gurudasa Swamigal (Tamil: பாம்பன் குமரகுருதாச சுவாமிகள்), popularly known as Pamban Swamigal, was an Indian Tamil Hindu saint and poet. He was a devotee of the Tamil god Murugan and composed and wrote poems in his praise. His samadhi is located at Tiruvanmiyur, Chennai.
Early life and education
Pamban Swamigal was born sometime between 1848 and 1850 to a Saivite family in the town of Rameswaram. The town was part of Ramnad district, currently known as Ramanathapuram district. He was named Appāvu but later became known as Pamban Swamigal as he had lived and left his family at Pamban Island. A psychic predicted that Appāvu would be great man of words and wisdom. In his school days, Appāvu was very good in his studies and other activities and ranked high in Tamil and English.
At the age of thirteen, on a Friday at sunrise Appāvu had a vision and was induced to write poems on Murugan, which he wrote immediately on a palm leaf in a facile pen in his coconut estate. He wrote one poem each day before his lunch for 100 days, ending each decad with his manasika guru's name Arunagiri Nāthar.
His experiences with Lord Muruga
Since Pāmban Swāmi was interested in the holy life from the early days, his parents were keen to get him married soon in the year 1878. His wife's name was Kalimuthami; they had one son and two daughters. Even after marriage Pamban Swami lived like a saint, mostly doing poojais and prayers. After his father's death Pāmban Swāmi took over the family business. He won many legal cases related to his business by the grace of Murugan.
One night Pāmban Swāmi's daughter was crying due to illness. Her mother requested Pamban Samy to give vibhuti to the crying child but Pāmban Samy refused to do so and informed his wife to pray to Murugan for help and started his meditation to Murugan. She did as she was told by Pāmban Sami. After sometime Pamban Sami saw the child was not crying and found her fast asleep. When Pāmban Sāmi asked the mother about the change she replied that after her prayer to Murugan, a saintly figure came inside the house and applied vibhuti on the child and went away. From that moment on the child was cured. He felt that Murugan himself came and helped him at their request.
Palani Incident
One day a friend of Pamban Swami informed him that he was going to Palani, the sacred hill temple. Pamban Swami also wanted to go to Palani and left his family life without informing them. When his friend asked if he had permission from his god, Pamban Swami said 'Yes' and lied to his friend. On the same day Lord Palani Murugan appeared before him with a frowning face and said Did I ask you to come there? " If I want your presence at the hill I could have done it easily. There is no reason for you to lie. I will call you when the time comes. You may remain there without any attachments." Then He asked Pamban Swami to promise that he would not go to Palani without His permission.
To keep his word Pamban Swami never went to Palani till his last days. Pamban Swami also gave up the taste of lime, salt, and hot spices. He used to take plain rice with green dal and ghee. He used to take food only once a day before noon; if he missed the time he would take food the next day only.
Making of Shanmuga Kavacham
In 1891 Pamban Swami wrote Shanmuga Kavacham, a powerful hymn of 30 verses composed for the benefit of Murugan's devotees to protect them from illness of body and mind as well as from foes, wild beasts, poisonous creatures, demons, devils and biting insects. Several instances prove that this Shanmuga Kavacham verses effective in this respect. If you recite it with heart and soul to Murugan, the results will be swift and miraculous. The beauty of Shanmuga Kavacham's 30 verses is that it contains 12 verses' starting with Uyir (vowels) ezhuthukkal and 18 starting with consonants. This makes easier for the devotees to memorize the 30 verses.
Making of Panchamirtha varnam
Also in 1891 Pamban Swami composed Panchamrita Varnam. Murugan Himself has said to an old lady in Tiruchendur that "I will be present physically wherever the song is sung on a pleasant note." If anyone does puja inside the heart by reciting this poem, it is equal to doing abhisekam and puja.
One time Pamban Swami was walking on a rough track and a thorn pricked and pierced into his foot. The terrible pain made Pamban Swami to shed tears and pray to God. On the same night Murugan came in the dream of a cobbler in the next village and informed him to make and give a pair of slippers to Pamban Swami. When Pamban Swami was traveling to the village the next day the shoemaker came with the pair of slippers to Pamban Swami saying that in his dreams Murugan came and had given instructions to make a pair of slippers for him. Pamban Swami was very much pleased and thanked Murugan for his kindness to His devotees.
Pamban Swami was once very ill due to diarrhea. Due to this he fainted and fell down and upon seeing this his wife fainted too. Murugan came to their house just then and tapped with a stick, made Pamban Swami's wife get up and said "Don't worry. He will be alright. Just smear vibhuti on his body and say 'I will never leave you'." But Pamban Swami's wife was afraid to touch vibhuti as it was her menstrual time. Lord Bala Murugan said to her, "There is no prohibition during emergency." She did as she was told. Immediately Pamban Swami was cured.
One day someone told Pamban Swami that a poet was writing a song of 100 verses that was incomplete for the last two months. Upon hearing this Pamban Swami decided that he would compose a song similar to that. So he started and finished 125 verses within an hour. To this day no poet or saint has duplicated such a feat. The poem is called Tiruvorumalai Komagan. The first verse of four lines consists of 64 words to each line with total 256 words. Pamban Swami composed the remaining 124 verses without adding any other words. He said with the divine guidance anything is possible.
Visit to Kumarakottam
On his visit to Kanchipuram in Tamil Nadu, Pamban Swami had failed to visit Kumarakottam, the famous Murugan temple in the town. On his way back Murugan appeared before him in the form of a 30-year-old man with a turban and asked if he had visited Kumarakottam where Kanda Puranam was composed by the temple priest Kanchiappa Sivachariyar. He took Pamban Swami near to the temple and vanished. After the pujas, Pamban Swami was very much delighted by the grace of Lord Kumaran. In the railway station the train was delayed due to some fault as though it was only waiting for Swami and then the train proceeded without delay.
In the year 1894 at Peerapan Valasai near Ramanad in Tamil Nadu, Pamban Swami was determined to get upadesam from Murugan Palani Andi himself and from no one else. So he obtained permission from the government officer to dig a pit in the burial ground to the size of 3' x 3' x 3' covered with lock & key for the roof. Before starting meditation he asked his followers to have faith in God. Because this was a burial ground there were a lot of disturbing events that took place. Once a big demon tried to seize Pamban Swami, but by hurling his dandam the demon vanished. On the seventh night a voice commanded Pamban Swami to get up. Pamban Swami replied that unless Lord Palani Andi Himself comes he would not get up, even if he had to die. Once again the voice said, "Your Lord has come to see you. Open your eyes."
Pamban Swami was delighted to see Murugan in the form of Palani Andi with a dandam in one hand and the other hand in chin mudra accompanied by two rishis. With a smiling countenance Palani Andi came forward and gave a "single utterance" (oru mozhi) upadesam in Pamban Swami's right ear. After that they turned back, walked towards the west and vanished. Without getting up on hearing that one word Pamban Swami was very much pleased and continued his meditation for 28 days without food, water or sleep.
On the 35th day once again a voice was heard and commanded him to "Come out of the pit." Once again Pamban Swami replied that only if it is by his Lord he would get out. The voice said "Yes it's me." At once Pamban Swami got out of the pit and saw Chitra Poornima full moon in the sky. He had a cloth of one piece cloth like Patanatar or an āndi.
Later his followers requested him to wear two pieces of white cloth one around the waist and the other over his shoulder. Pamban Swami was content to remain in silence but others wanted him to speak of his experience. Even today the oil lamp that Pamban Swami used in the pit is preserved in Ramanad town by Pamban Swami's followers.
In 1895 Pamban Swami took sannyasa and left Pamban village. One day Murugan appeared in his dream and asked him to proceed to Madras. But he accepted the command of his Lord and proceeded to Madras by train.
Madras trip
On his arrival at Egmore railway station in Madras a cartman came to Pamban Swami and requested Pamban Swami to sit in his cart. Without saying anything Pamban Swami sat in the jatka. The cartman took Pamban Swami to St. George Town to house number 41 Vaithiyanath Mudali Street. Pamban Swami got down from the jatka and in front of him an old lady Mrs. Bangaru Ammal came to Pamban Swami and told him that in a dream the previous night Murugan had said that a saint would come to her house and that she should provide him with food and accommodation. And Pamban Swami accepted her invitation and stayed there for some time.
Making of Thagaralaya Rahasiyam
In the year 1896 Pamban Swami went to Chidambaram and wrote an upanishad known as Thagaralaya Rahasiyam. Lord Guha lives in every heart in a tiny light form. Pamban Swami gives examples from the Vedas, agamas, upanishads, Tevaram, Tiruppukazh and other scriptural sources. Pamban Swami also wrote two books known as Tiropa and Paripuranat Būthan. In this book, Pamban Swami provides quotations from all the 108 upanishads. Pamban Swami is the only saint who has composed 50 poems on Murugan in pure Tamil without any words from other language due to his love on Tamil. Pamban Swami once said that any one who speaks ill of Sanskrit or Tamil is his enemy. The two sacred language are like two eyes. You cannot have one and despise the other if you want full knowledge of the spiritual world.
On Pamban Swami's visit to Varanasi, he stayed at Kumāra Guruparar Mutt. Pamban Swami wrote that he was very happy to stay at this famous mutt. The head of the mutt once offered kavi cloth by taking away his white dress and requested Pamban Swami to wear it. Pamban Swami at first hesitated but upon reflection Pamban Swami took it as God's wish from that day to wear two-piece kavi dress.
Once on a Shasti Pūja when Pamban Swami was present, the devotees had cooked rice for one hundred. But the one rice pot kept giving rice enough to feed nearly 400 people. So much was the demand that the other foods like vegetables, sambar and rasam had to be prepared three times, but the cooked rice never got emptied. Such miracles were commonplace in the life of Pamban Swami.
While in Madras, Pamban Swami had a premonition of his mother's death and his elder son's death. Before the telegram came Pamban Swami gave instruction for no one to disturb him because he is a sannyāsi, a man without family or bindings.
Fracture cure
In December 1923 Pamban Swami had an accident at Thumbu Chetty Street in Madras. Pamban Swami was run over by a jatka and his left ankle was broken. He was admitted to the General Hospital. The doctors who attended upon Pamban Swami's leg said it would have to be amputated.
Pamban Swami was only praying and said "Let them do what they want do." On hearing the news only Chinaswami Jothidar had extraordinary faith in Pamban Swami's poem Shanmuga Kavacham and started to recite it. Chinnaswamy Jothidar had a vision of the Vel entering Pamban Swami's broken ankle. Miraculously the leg was cured in the hospital. Even British doctors were astonished and described it as divine grace.
On the 11th day Pamban Swami saw two peacocks dance before him and also saw Murugan in an infant form lying next to his bed. In remembering the day Pamban Swami told his followers of the Maha Tejo Mandal Sabhai to believe in Murugan and to do Mayūravahana Sevana Vizhā without fail, which is still done annually at his temple in Thiruvanmiyur. Pamban Swami's life proves this- "Vēlum Mayilum Thunai" is a not just a saying; it really helps sincere devotees in need.
One day Pamban Swami called Chinaswami Jothidar to look for land in Tiruvanmiyur as his last days were near. Pamban Swami marked the floor corners with his leg all arrangements were made to for that portion of land to be purchased. On 30 May 1929 at 7:15 am Pamban Swami called his followers and advised them to believe in Murugan. Then he took a deep breath, held it inside his stomach and entered samādhi state.
Pamban Swamigal was a believer one God that is Siva the Para Brahman and Subrahmanya is part of Siva and comes from Siva. He clarifies this in his book Subrahmanya Veyasam. Pamban Swami got the name "Kumara Guru Dāsa Swāmigal" because of his deep love for Palani Murugan. His Sanskrit teacher named him as Kumara Guru and also as Pāmban Swāmigal because Swami lived and left his family at Pāmban Island.
Pamban Swami's full name is Adhyaasrama Suddha Vaidheega Saiva Siddhantha Gnanabānu, which means Pamban Swami is full of sayasi. He was a sanyasi who followed the suddha advaita in the Vaideha way of Saiva Siddhanta in the Dāsa Marga.
In his lifetime Pamban Swami wrote 6,666 poems, 32 viyasams and 1000 names of Murugan. By reading his Gnānamūrtham hymn one will benefit in both worlds. He composed poems on Murugan in more than 130 different forms as per Tamil grammar. Pamban Swami always liked to do silent Akā Pūja rather than audible pūja.
Songs composed
Shanaṇmuga Kavacham
Pañcāmirutha Vaṇṇam
Kumarakurutāsa Svāmigaḷ Pādal - 1266
Srīmath Kumāra Svāmiyam (Kumāra Nāyakaṉ Thiruviḷaiyādal) - 1192
Thiruvalaṅkatṟiraṭṭu (Pala Santha Parimaḷam) - 1135
Thiruppā (Tiṭpa Urai) - 1101
Kāsiyātthirai (Vadanāṭṭu Yātthirai Aṉubavam) - 608
Siṟu Nūṟṟiraṭṭu (Shaṇmuga Kavacham and other songs) - 258
Sīvayātaṉā Viyāsam (Jeevakāruṇyam - Pulāl Maṟuppu) - 235
Paripūraṇāṉantha Bōtham (Sivacūriya Prakāsam Urai) - 230
Sekkar Vēḷ Semmāppu - 198
Sekkar Vēḷ Iṟumāppu - 64
Thakarālaya Ragasiyam (Sathāṉantha Sāhara Urai)- 117
Kumaravēḷ Pathitṟu Patthanthāthi - 100
Sēntaṉ Senthamiḻ (Pure Tamil Words)- 50
Kumārastavam 44
Theṉṉāṭṭu Thirutthala Dharisaṉam (Kaṭṭaḷai Kalitthuṟai) 35
Patthu Pirapantham (Chittira Kavigaḷ) 30
Aṉanthakkaḷippu 30
Samāthāṉa Saṅgeetham 1
Shanmuga Sahasra Nāmārcchaṉai 2
He wrote 6,666 hymns and 32 compositions to celebrate Lord Muruga.
References
External links
Pambanswamigal.org
1848 births
1929 deaths
Indian Shaivite religious leaders
People from Ramanathapuram district
Kaumaram |
College GameDay (branded as ESPN College GameDay built by The Home Depot for sponsorship reasons) is a pre-game show broadcast by ESPN as part of the network's coverage of college football, broadcast on Saturday mornings during the college football season. In its current form, the program is typically broadcast from the campus of the team hosting a featured game being played that day and features news and analysis of the day's upcoming games.
It first aired in 1987 with Tim Brando as host and Lee Corso and Beano Cook as commentators, giving an overview of college football games. Karie Ross soon became the first female to join the broadcast. The show underwent a radical transformation beginning in 1993, and began incorporating live broadcasts. Today, the only original cast member remaining is Lee Corso, whose appearances have been pre-scripted since suffering a stroke in 2009. Rece Davis serves as host and Kirk Herbstreit is Corso's counterpart. Desmond Howard was added to the cast of the show in 2008. Craig James served as an analyst from 1990 to 1995. Erin Andrews joined the GameDay crew as a co-host and contributor in 2010, replaced in 2012 by Samantha Ponder (and in 2017 by Maria Taylor after Ponder left to become host of Sunday NFL Countdown that same year). In 2015, Rece Davis (also host of the college basketball version of GameDay) replaced Chris Fowler as host of the show. In 2010, the program was expanded from two to three hours, with the opening hour broadcast on ESPNU until 2013.
The show is known for its prediction segment that appears at the end of each broadcast. Typically there are five predictors: Corso, Herbstreit, Howard, Pat McAfee, and an invited guest, usually a celebrity, prominent athlete, or radio personality associated with the host school for that week. The show always concludes with Corso's prediction for the host school's game, after which he dons the mascot's headgear of the team he predicts to win the game, usually to the ire or excitement of local fans. As of October 21, 2023, Corso is 270–135 in his headgear picks. His first headgear pick occurred on October 5, 1996, when he correctly picked the Ohio State Buckeyes over the Penn State Nittany Lions. In 2018, Corso made his first NFL headgear pick when, as a guest on Sunday NFL Countdown, he correctly picked the New Orleans Saints to win their Week 9 game at home against the Los Angeles Rams. Corso made his 400th headgear pick on September 16, 2023 for the Colorado/Colorado State rivalry game, he put on the headgear for Colorado.
As of November 4, 2023, Ohio State – Penn State and Alabama – LSU is the most featured matchup, appearing 12 times on College Gameday. Alabama – Georgia and Florida – Tennessee have been featured 9 times. Alabama – Auburn, Florida – Florida State, Florida State – Miami, Michigan – Ohio State, Army – Navy, and Oklahoma – Texas currently sit at 8.
Crew/Staff
ESPN laid off a large number of on-air staff, including College GameDay hosts Gene Wojciechowski and David Pollack.
Current
Rece Davis: (Host, 2015–present)
Lee Corso: (Analyst, 1987–present)
Kirk Herbstreit: (Analyst, 1996–present)
Desmond Howard: (Analyst, 2005–present)
Pat McAfee: (Contributor, 2019–2020; Analyst, 2022–present)
Jen Lada: (Reporter, 2016–present)
Jess Sims: (Reporter, 2022–present)
Pete Thamel: (Insider, 2022–present)
Steve Coughlin: (Sports Betting Analyst, 2023–present)
Former
Trev Alberts: (In-Studio Analyst, 2002–2005)
Erin Andrews: (Reporter/Contributor, 2010–2011)
Tim Brando: (Host, 1987–1988)
Bob Carpenter: (Host, 1989)
Beano Cook: (Analyst, 1987–1990)
Chris "Bear" Fallica: (Researcher/Contributor, 1996–2022)
Chris Fowler: (Host, 1990–2014)
Robert Griffin III: (Contributor, 2021–2022)
Craig James: (Analyst, 1990–1995)
Rocket Ismail: (Contributor, 2003–2004)
Nick Lachey: (Contributor, 2005)
Norm Hitzges: (Contributor, 1992–1995)
David Pollack: (Analyst/Contributor, 2011–2022)
Samantha Ponder: (Reporter/Contributor, 2012–2016)
Tom Rinaldi: (Contributor, 2011–2020)
Maria Taylor: (Reporter/Contributor, 2017–2020)
Gene Wojciechowski: (Contributor, 1992–2022)
History
GameDay started on ESPN in 1987 and originally broadcast from a studio in Connecticut.
In 1993, GameDay took the show "on the road" for the first time, going to South Bend, Indiana for the match-up between #2 Notre Dame and #1 FSU on November 13. (Matchups between the top two teams were rare prior to the BCS). It broadcast from the Sports Heritage Hall at the Notre Dame Joyce Center. The broadcast was such a success that they did nearly half their shows in 1994 on the road and in 1995 abandoned the studio altogether.
The format also changed from broadcasting from an indoor studio on site to live from outside a stadium hosting a big game most Saturdays. The selected stadium is usually hosting one of the biggest matchups of the day, regardless of whether the game airs on an ESPN network.
The show takes on a festive tailgate party atmosphere, as thousands of fans gather behind the broadcast set, in view of the show's cameras. Many fans bring flags or hand-painted signs as well, and the school's cheerleaders and mascots often join in the celebration. Crowds at GameDay tapings are known to be quite boisterous and very spirited. Flags seen at the broadcast are not limited to those of the home team; for example, one large Washington State flag can be seen at every broadcast, regardless of the location or the teams involved. The idea began in 2003 on WSU online fan forums and has resulted in the flag, nicknamed "Ol' Crimson," being present at 281 consecutive GameDay broadcasts since 2003.
The show's current intro and theme music is performed by country music duo Big & Rich, who perform their 2005 crossover hit "Comin' to Your City" with revised lyrics which mention several top college teams and a guest appearance by Cowboy Troy. Rap artist Travie McCoy (of Gym Class Heroes) now appears in the intro for this show, starting with 2014 season, as well as Lzzy Hale, lead vocalist and guitarist of the rock group Halestorm. Additional music that has been used for the show include "Boom" by the rock group P.O.D. and God Bless Saturday by Kid Rock.
Typically, the show will end with Lee Corso and Kirk Herbstreit issuing their predictions for that day's key matchups, finishing with the game to be played at the stadium hosting GameDay, for which Corso signifies his prediction by donning the head piece of the mascot of his predicted winner. Starting with the 2009 season, a celebrity guest picker gives picks for the day's key games alongside the GameDay regulars (such as Bob Knight when GameDay aired from Texas Tech in 2008, NASCAR star Dale Earnhardt Jr. when GameDay aired from Bristol Motor Speedway (a NASCAR track) in 2016 and Verne Lundquist in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, since it was his final season calling College Football games on CBS). Prior to 2009, this was not done on a regular basis. Herbstreit, who in 2006 became a game analyst for ABC's Saturday Night Football, is not allowed to make a pick for the game at which he is assigned due to parent company Disney's conflict-of-interest rules; however, he is allowed to give one or two keys to the game.
In past years, when no suitably important game was available, it would originate instead from the ESPN studios. In 2017, with no suitably important game available, one show aired from Times Square instead. In August of 2019, College Gameday aired from parent company Disney's Magic Kingdom Park ahead of the University of Florida-Miami game played in Orlando.
College GameDay was also a source for many arguments regarding the purported east coast bias: From 1993 until 2004, GameDay had only been to two regular season games on the entire West Coast (1998 at UCLA and 2000 at Oregon). Given the popularity of the show and the media coverage it brought to the highlighted game, teams and fans of the West Coast teams felt that the show was only magnifying the perceived problems with excess media focus on East, South and Midwest games; ESPN attributed its lack of West Coast games to the need for a very early start time (07:00 AM PST) and an alleged lack of high quality matchups.
With the addition of the Saturday Night Football game on ABC in 2006, GameDay has increasingly aired from that game. This could be done for many reasons including the fact Kirk Herbstreit is on both programs, thus making it easier for him. Another reason could be to give the Saturday Night Football game added exposure.
Beginning with the show's 21st season (2007), College GameDay began broadcasting in high-definition on ESPN HD. Also the same season, California became the first (and as of 2022, only) team to decline to host College GameDay, as the school believed Gameday should go to Virginia Tech after the Virginia Tech shooting earlier in the year.
College GameDay expanded to 3 hours, with the first hour being televised on ESPNU beginning September 4, 2010. In addition, ESPN Radio simulcasts the television version from 9am-noon ET. Other changes include the addition of a female contributor—first Erin Andrews in 2010 and 2011, and then Samantha Ponder (then known by her maiden name, Samantha Steele) after Andrews left ESPN for Fox following the 2011 season. Both Andrews and Ponder have anchored several segments during the first hour on ESPNU, contributed during the ESPN portion, and also worked as a sideline reporter on the game from which College GameDay originated, if it aired on one of the ESPN family of networks (i.e. ESPN, ESPN2, ESPNU, ABC).
Beginning with the 2013 season, the third hour moved to ESPN and was hosted by Fowler. Starting in 2014, the show began a now annual visit to the Army-Navy Game in mid-December. As of 2018, the entire show is simulcast on both ESPN and ESPNU.
As previously mentioned, beginning with the 29th season (2015), Rece Davis (who is also the host of the college basketball version) replaced Chris Fowler as the football version's new host. Fowler retained his play-by-play duties on ABC's Saturday Night Football.
In March 2018, ESPN announced that it would broadcast a special edition of College GameDay from Arlington, Texas, as a pre-show for its coverage of day 1 of the 2018 NFL Draft. The broadcast accompanied a secondary telecast of the draft on ESPN2, which was hosted by the College GameDay panelists (barring Kirk Herbstreit, as he was involved in ESPN's main broadcast to replace the outgoing Jon Gruden).
In the 2020 season, College GameDay underwent modifications due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The program was broadcast without an audience, and with a modified desk to comply with social distancing rules. Corso did not travel with the travel with the remainder of the College GameDay panel due to health concerns, and appeared from his Orlando home, as well as filmed sketches with appearances by team mascots.
As of 2018, College GameDay has collected eight Sports Emmy Awards for Outstanding Studio Show, tied with TNT's Inside the NBA for the most wins by an analysis program.
Locations
1993 season
1994 season
1995 season
1996 season
1997 season
1998 season
1999 season
2000 season
2001 season
2002 season
2003 season
2004 season
2005 season
2006 season
2007 season
2008 season
2009 season
2010 season
2011 season
2012 season
2013 season
2014 season
2015 season
2016 season
2017 season
2018 season
2019 season
2020 season
2021 season
2022 season
2023 season
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|- style="background:#A32638;"|24
!Date!!colspan=2|Visitor!!colspan=2|Host!!City!!Location!!Notes!!Guest Picker!!Lee Corso Headgear Pick
|-
||April 27–29, 2023
|colspan="4"|2023 NFL Draft
|Kansas City, Missouri
||Union Station
||Show was part of ESPN's entire NFL Draft coverage
|
|
|-
||August 26, 2023
|colspan="4"|None
||Bristol, Connecticut
||Broadcast from ESPN's Bristol studios.
||2023 season preview
|
|
|-
||September 2, 2023
|style=""|21 North Carolina Tar Heels
|31
|style=""|South Carolina Gamecocks
|17
|Charlotte, North Carolina
|Romare Bearden Park
|Battle of the Carolinas – Duke's Mayo Classic
|Darius Rucker
|style=""|North Carolina Tar Heels
|-
|September 9, 2023
|style=""|11 Texas Longhorns
|34
|style=""| 3 Alabama Crimson Tide
|24
|Tuscaloosa, Alabama
|Denny Chimes
|Allstate Crossbar Classic
|Joe Namath
|style=""|Texas Longhorns
|-
||September 16, 2023
|style=""|Colorado State Rams
|35
|style=""| 18 Colorado Buffaloes
| 432OT
|Boulder, Colorado
||Leeds School of Business Field
|Rocky Mountain Showdown
|Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson
|style="|Colorado Buffaloes
|-
||September 23, 2023
| style=""|6 Ohio State Buckeyes
|17
| style=""|9 Notre Dame Fighting Irish
|14
|South Bend, Indiana
|Library Lawn
|
|Vince Vaughn
|style=""|Ohio State Buckeyes
|-
|September 30, 2023
|style=""|11 Notre Dame Fighting Irish
|21
|style=""|17 Duke Blue Devils
|14
|Durham, North Carolina
|Abele Quad
|
|Ken Jeong
|style=""|Notre Dame Fighting Irish
|-
||October 7, 2023
|style=""|12 Oklahoma Sooners
|34
|style="|3 Texas Longhorns
|30
|Dallas, Texas
|Texas State Fair
|Red River Rivalry
|Baker Mayfield
|style="|Texas Longhorns
|-
||October 14, 2023
|style=""|8 Oregon Ducks
|33
|style=""|7 Washington Huskies
|36
|Seattle, Washington
|Red Square
|Rivalry
|Joel McHale
|style="|Washington Huskies
|-
|October 21, 2023
|style=""|7 Penn State Nittany Lions
|12
|style=""|3 Ohio State Buckeyes
|20
|Columbus, Ohio
|Outside St. John Arena
||Rivalry
|C. J. Stroud
|style=""| Ohio State Buckeyes
|-
||October 28, 2023
|style=""|8 Oregon Ducks
|35
|style=""|13 Utah Utes
|6
|Salt Lake City, Utah
||Presidents Circle
|
|Steve Smith Sr.
|None
|-
||November 4, 2023
|style=""|14 LSU Tigers
|
|style=""|8 Alabama Crimson Tide
|
|Tuscaloosa, Alabama
|Denny Chimes
||Rivalry
|
|
|-
||November 11, 2023
|TBA
||
||TBA
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
||November 18, 2023
|TBA
||
||TBA
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
||November 25, 2023
|TBA
||
||TBA
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
||December 2, 2023
|TBA
||
||TBA
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
||December 30, 2023
|TBA
||
||TBA
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
||January 1, 2024
|TBA
||
||TBA
|
|Pasadena, California
|Inside the Rose Bowl
|Rose Bowl
|
|
|-
||January 8, 2024
|TBA
||
||TBA
|
|Houston, Texas
|NRG Stadium
|College Football Playoff National Championship
|
|
|}
Notes
Winners are listed in bold.
All rankings displayed for Division I-A/FBS teams are from the AP poll or CFP Rankings (starting in the 2014 season) at the time of the game. Division I-AA/FCS rankings are from the STATS poll at the time of the game.
Appearances by school
Appearances through November 4, 2023.
Power Five schools who have not yet hosted
Appearances through November 4, 2023
Frequent Matchups
College GameDay matchups with at least 5 games played.
AP Number 1 vs Number 2
Celebrity guest pickers
Auburn and NBA basketball player Charles Barkley was the first celebrity guest picker on the October 2, 2004, show and has made the most show appearances with six, with his most recent appearance on December 14, 2019. Olympian and Arizona swimmer Amanda Beard was the first female celebrity guest picker on November 21, 2009. Georgia golfer Bubba Watson became the first celebrity picker to pick all games correctly on September 28, 2013. Oklahoma State and NBA player Marcus Smart became the first ever student athlete guest picker on November 23, 2013. The Oregon Duck became the first school mascot to be the guest picker on September 6, 2014. Guests have included athletes, coaches, military veterans, Make-A-Wish Foundation kids, athletes, school mascots, professional sports owners, CEO's, singers, actors & celebrity personalities.
Appearances through October 28, 2023:
International Broadcasts
In the UK, College GameDay was shown in full during BT Sport's decade on air (2013-2023), unless live sport was being aired on all of its channels. In July 2023, BT Sport was relaunched as TNT Sports following the sale of BT Sport to Warner Bros. Discovery EMEA. This saw the cessation of ESPN studio programming as well as the ending of showings of ESPN-produced documentaries and therefore College Gameday is no longer shown in the UK.
Spin-offs
College GameDay (basketball) (2005–present)ESPN Radio College GameDay (2000–present)SEC Nation'' (2014–present)
References
External links
College Gameday (Football) website
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
2020s American television series
1987 American television series debuts
American sports television series
College football studio shows
ESPN original programming |
Karluk Manor is a housing facility for homeless alcoholics in Anchorage, Alaska. It is targeted for homeless alcoholics who are not yet ready to quit drinking. It was Alaska's first Housing First residence and has attracted significant controversy. The project was approved in 2010 by the Anchorage Planning Commission by a vote of 7–2.
References
Homeless shelters in the United States
Non-profit organizations based in Anchorage, Alaska |
Groß Boden is a municipality in the district of Lauenburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
References
Municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein
Herzogtum Lauenburg |
Charles M. Snow (August 3, 1849 – August 27, 1929), was a professional baseball player who played catcher for the 1874 Brooklyn Atlantics.
References
External links
1849 births
1929 deaths
Brooklyn Atlantics players
Major League Baseball catchers
19th-century baseball players
Baseball players from Massachusetts
Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery |
The Eswatini Single Mothers Organisation (SWASMO) is a small organisation of volunteers who work with mobilising and educating poor single mothers in the poorest areas of Manzini, Eswatini, in self-reliance, self-awareness and health-related issues. The organisation was founded in January 2009 by Beatrice Bitchong.
SWASMO's projects incorporate income generating projects and education on agricultural skills, management, sexual matters such as contraception, and family planning. The income generating projects include the making of clothes and scarves, handicraft items and vegetable gardens. SWASMO also trains the group members in facilitation skills to ensure that the project can eventually continue without outside help, and its projects are participatory in nature. SWASMO also offers individual and group counselling, home visits, and food and clothes support.
References
External links
SWASMO official website
Article in the Times of Swaziland
SWASMO: Helping Swaziland's most vulnerable women to help themselves
Article from AfricaFiles
Article from Public Eye
Article from U-landsnyt
Women's rights in Eswatini
Women's organisations based in Eswatini
Organizations established in 2009
2009 establishments in Swaziland
Manzini Region |
Roman Fischer (born 3 August 1915, date of death unknown) was an Austrian fencer. He competed in the individual and team épée and the team foil events at the 1936 Summer Olympics. Fischer was also the Austrian national foil champion in 1937, and a year later, he also became the German foil champion.
References
External links
1915 births
Year of death missing
Austrian male épée fencers
Olympic fencers for Austria
Fencers at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Austrian male foil fencers |
Cauldron Dome is a tuya in the Mount Cayley volcanic field, British Columbia, Canada. Cauldron Dome is made of coarsely plagioclase-orthophyroxene-phyric andesite lava flows and last erupted during the Holocene. It is in the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt, a portion of the Canadian Cascade Arc.
See also
List of volcanoes in Canada
Volcanism of Canada
Volcanism of Western Canada
References
Volcanoes of British Columbia
Tuyas of Canada
Mountains of British Columbia
Pleistocene volcanoes
Holocene volcanoes
Polygenetic volcanoes
Mount Cayley volcanic field |
American College of the Building Arts (ACBA) is a private four-year liberal arts and sciences college located in Charleston, South Carolina. It is licensed by the South Carolina Commission on Higher Education to grant a Bachelor of Applied Science and an Associate of Applied Science in six craft specializations in the building arts.
The college's model is unique in the United States, with its focus on total integration of a liberal arts and science education and the traditional building arts skills. Students choose from among six craft specializations: timber framing, architectural carpentry, plaster, classical architecture, blacksmithing and stone carving.
ACBA's stated mission is to educate and train artisans in the traditional building arts in order to foster exceptional craftsmanship and encourage the preservation, enrichment and understanding of the world's architectural heritage through a liberal arts and science education.
Current students come from more than 30 states. One quarter of the student body is female and one fifth are veterans. The majority of students have secured employment in their respective trades prior to graduation, aided by expertise gained from their education and externship experiences, critical analysis and deep knowledge base in preservation, restoration and appropriate materials needed in each of their chosen fields. The interdisciplinary approach allows graduates to be as educated as the architects with whom they work.
History
American College of the Building Arts was founded in the aftermath of Hurricane Hugo, which struck the Southeastern coast of the United States in 1989. The devastating category four hurricane damaged or destroyed many historical coastal-Carolina buildings and left much of Charleston's iron, plaster and fine wood work in disrepair. It took ten years to rebuild and restore the city's damaged homes and historical buildings, in part, because of a shortage of skilled artisans. In 1999, in response to this gap in the building arts, a group of local movers and shakers planted the seeds that led to the founding of ACBA.
Initially, classes and workshops that focused on the building arts were offered at a number of different Charleston area locations. However, the original educational model proved difficult to execute, and the college founders regrouped to establish a degree-granting college, integrating the American liberal arts degree model with the artisan teaching styles of Europe. In 2004, ACBA was licensed by the South Carolina Commission on Higher Education to recruit students for a Bachelor of Applied Science and an Associate of Applied Science in the building arts. In 2009 the college awarded its first degrees to seven students. During these same years, ACBA reconfigured its administration, hiring current president, Lt.(ret.) General Colby M. Broadwater III and other administrative team members with strong business experience.
Academics
American College of the Building Arts combines a traditional liberal arts education with programs in trade education that are based on European and other models. The framing and plaster programs are based on the French “les Compagnons du Devoir,” a trade guild offering high-skill vocational and educational training rich in culture and humanity. The stone program is based on programs at Lincoln Cathedral and Wells Cathedral in the United Kingdom. The iron program has a long association with Colonial Williamsburg and also with the work of Philip Simmons, famed Charleston ironwork artisan and one of the founders of ACBA. Pieces designed and made by Simmons are displayed at the Smithsonian Institution, South Carolina State Museum and outside the United States in France and China. In addition to trade-specific classes, students pursue a course of general studies that includes not only typical college courses, such as English and mathematics, but also specialized courses in drawing, design, materials science and construction management. ACBA maintains a low student-to-faculty ratio to ensure the highest standards of quality in its programs.
The Byrne-Diderot Library is a major research resource for students and faculty. The library houses a specialized collection of books, periodicals, newspapers and audiovisual materials in the building, visual, decorative and liberal arts. The library's main collection contains over 6.500 items. The D.A.R. Special Collections room contains another 500 rare books, catalogs and periodicals, as well as examples of historical tools and 19th century Charleston iron work.
Media
ACBA has been featured on This Old House, Forbes, Garden & Gun, Voice of America, Worth, Wolverine Boots, White House Chronicle., and PBS NewsHour
Campus history
American College of the Building Arts first classes were offered at several different locations in and around the city of Charleston, including the Old Charleston District Jail, which became the college's primary location for 17 years. Carpentry and forged architectural iron programs were housed at a separate site. The Jail was originally constructed in 1802 and expanded in 1855 to include living quarters for the warden and jailers on the street side and an octagonal rear wing. Many infamous inmates were housed in the prison, including high seas pirates, the female mass murderer Lavinia Fischer and Denmark Vesey, a free African American who plotted a slave rebellion that was discovered before it could be executed. During the Civil War both Confederate and Union prisoners were incarcerated within its walls. Although it had no electricity or running water, the jail housed prisoners until it was decommissioned in 1939.
During the years spent occupying and renovating the jail, the college viewed itself as caretaker of the building and its rich history. As part of ACBA's living learning laboratory, faculty members led students in assessing needs and proper methods of restoration, preservation and reconstruction.
Having outgrown its existing facilities, ACBA launched a major fundraising effort in 2014 to establish a single, expanded campus that could consolidate the teaching of all trades under one roof. With a major donation from Parallel Capital and from Russell and Betty Joan Hitt, founders of Virginia-based HITT Contracting, early supporters of ACBA, the college raised funds to purchase and renovate the abandoned Charleston Trolley Barn on Upper Meeting Street. On May 7, 2015, 150 people attended the ground breaking ceremony.
It took just over one year and approximately $6 million to build the new state-of-the-art ACBA campus that was formally opened in October 2016. The newly repurposed building maintains the historical ethos of the original structure while providing the students with modern academic and workshop space. Approximately 39,000 square feet were carved out of the barn's original 24,000 square foot footprint. The front third of the three-story building houses an exhibition lobby, administrative offices, classrooms, labs and a community room available to local civic groups. Workshops and trade classrooms are located in the back two-thirds of the building. A student lounge, faculty offices and conference spaces occupy the second floor. The third floor rafters house the architecture studio and ACBA's unique library and its special collections. The building has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
In September 2018, the college received national accreditation from the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges.
Additional programs
A diverse lineup of evening courses was introduced to the public beginning in the fall of 2017, including AutoCAD, interior design and history of Charleston architecture. In January 2018, ACBA initiated intensive one-week courses in areas such as sculptural blacksmithing, decorative woodcarving, furniture restoration, furniture design and stained glass. In the Fall of 2018, the school added an undergraduate major in classical architecture and design.
References
External links
Welcome - American College of the Building Arts in Charleston, SC
American College of the Building Arts page at Craft in America
2004 establishments in South Carolina
Education in Charleston, South Carolina
Educational institutions established in 2004
Liberal arts colleges in South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Charleston, South Carolina
Private universities and colleges in South Carolina |
Gagnon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
André Gagnon (1942–2020), Canadian musician and composer
André-Philippe Gagnon (born 1962), Canadian comedian and impressionist
Aurore Gagnon (1909–1920), victim of child abuse
Christiane Gagnon (born 1948), Canadian politician
Clarence Gagnon (1881–1942), Canadian painter
Dave Gagnon (born 1967), Canadian ice hockey player
Drew Gagnon (born 1990), American baseball player
Édouard Gagnon (1918–2007), Canadian Roman Catholic cardinal
Gérard Gagnon (fl. 1970s), Canadian Redemptorist priest in Vietnam
John Gagnon (1931–2016), pioneering sociologist
Johnny Gagnon (1905–1984), Canadian ice hockey player
Jonas Gagnon (1846–1915), American politician
Louis-Philippe Gagnon (1909-2001), Canadian politician
Lucien Gagnon (1793-1843), Farmer and leader of Lower Canada Rebellion
Marc Gagnon (born 1975), Canadian short track speed skater
Marcel Gagnon (born 1936), Canadian politician
Mariano Gagnon (1929-2017), American Roman Catholic priest and missionary
Marie-Michèle Gagnon (born 1989), Canadian alpine skier
Monique Gagnon-Tremblay (born 1940), Canadian politician
Onésime Gagnon (1888–1961), Canadian politician and lieutenant-governor of Québec
Patrick Gagnon (born 1962), Canadian politician
Philippe Gagnon (born 1974), Canadian TV and film director
Philippe Gagnon (born 1980), Canadian Paralympic swimmer
Philippe Gagnon (born 1992), Canadian football player
Pierce Gagnon (born 2005), American child actor
Pierre-Luc Gagnon (born 1980), professional skateboarder
Roy Gagnon (1913–2000), American football player
Rene Gagnon (1925–1979), U.S. Marines in photograph Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
Robert A. J. Gagnon (born 1958), American New Testament scholar and author, with a focus on issues of human sexuality and the Bible
Sébastien Gagnon (born 1973), Canadian politician
See also
Gagné (surname)
French-language surnames |
Driss Barid (born 12 December 1986) is a Moroccan hammer thrower.
He finished seventh at the 2007 Pan Arab Games, fourth at the 2008 African Championships, sixth at the 2009 Jeux de la Francophonie, tenth at the 2009 Mediterranean Games, fifth at the 2010 African Championships, no-marked at the 2012 African Championships, finished sixth at the 2013 Jeux de la Francophonie and won the bronze medal at the 2014 African Championships.
His personal best throw was 70.73 metres, achieved in June 2013 in Rabat. This is the Moroccan record.
References
1986 births
Living people
Moroccan male hammer throwers
Athletes (track and field) at the 2009 Mediterranean Games
Mediterranean Games competitors for Morocco
21st-century Moroccan people |
Mukdahan Chaiyuenyong Football Club (Thai มุกดาหาร ไชยยืนยง เอฟซี), is a Thai semi professional football club based in Mukdahan province. The club currently play in Thai League 4 North Eastern Region.
Timeline
History of events of Mukdahan City Football Club
Stadium and locations
Season by season record
P = Played
W = Games won
D = Games drawn
L = Games lost
F = Goals for
A = Goals against
Pts = Points
Pos = Final position
QR1 = First Qualifying Round
QR2 = Second Qualifying Round
R1 = Round 1
R2 = Round 2
R3 = Round 3
R4 = Round 4
R5 = Round 5
R6 = Round 6
QF = Quarter-finals
SF = Semi-finals
RU = Runners-up
W = Winners
Players
Current squad
References
External links
Official Mukdahan City F.C. site
Official Mukdahan Chaiyuenyong Facebookpage
Football clubs in Thailand
Association football clubs established in 2009
Sport in Mukdahan province
2009 establishments in Thailand |
Overview
Long-distance horse riding has played a pivotal role in carrying humans in a range of settings for explorers and warriors to cover, vast and difficult terrains. This has eventuated to the modern-day use of the horse now primarily for recreational pursuits. There are two main types of long-distance riding, competitive trail riding and endurance rides. In an endurance ride, discussed in this article, the winning horse is the first one to cross the finish line while stopping periodically to pass a veterinary check that deems the animal in good health and fit to continue. As with human marathon running, many riders will participate to improve their horse's personal best performance and consider finishing the distance with a proper vet completion record to be a "win". Long-distance riding also refers to the equestrian sport of endurance riding that is recognised by the peak international governing body, the Federation Equestre Internationale (FEI). Long-distance riding is not conducted as an Olympic event; however, it does compete at the World Equestrian Games that are held every four years (FEI,2020). The sport involves horse and rider taking mapped or unmapped routes in order to reach the finishing point. The distances covered in competition can differ depending upon competition length, and experience of both rider and horse. One day events typically do not exceed 160 kilometres in a day. In the United States, most endurance rides are either 50 or 100 miles (160 km) long. Shorter rides, called Limited Distance rides (LD), are organised for new riders to the sport or young horses being trained. Historically long-distance riding originated by riding along national and state trails across the United States. Then heading further afield and through harsh landscapes of the nomadic Bedouin people, that adapted to the challenging and isolating environment, and so went on to spread globally.
Any breed can compete, but the Arabian generally dominates the top levels because of the breed's stamina and natural endurance abilities.
History
The origins of long-distance riding can be traced back to hundreds of years ago with war horses in cavalry and early explorers. the earliest uses of the Arabian horse breed. It was commonly used across the vast desert landscapes identified as North Africa, Arabian Peninsula and Iraq, the people of this region are known as the Bedouin people. The horses were utilised to carry their riders over long distances and, also involved in horse-to-horse combat. In the United States there are accounts of many long-distance rides occurring from 1791 when George Washington rode from Augusta to Columbia that was nearly a hundred-mile ride in one day, taking ten and a half hours to complete. Long-distance riding has played a significant role in shaping the exploration across many frontiers and evolving into the equestrian sport it is recognised as today.
Though the need to ride long distances has existed since the domestication of the horse, endurance riding as an organised activity was first developed in the United States based on European cavalry (particularly Polish and Russian WWI) and breeding program tests requiring the ability to carry 300 lb (140 kg) over 100 miles (160 km) in one day. Organised endurance riding as a formal sport began in 1955, when Wendell Robie and a group of equestrians rode from the Lake Tahoe area across the Sierra Nevada Range to Auburn in under 24 hours. They followed the historic Western States Trail. This ride soon became known as the Tevis Cup, and it remains the most difficult of any 100-mile ride in the world because of the severe terrain, high altitude, and 100-degree (~37 °C) temperatures. Endurance riding first was brought to Europe in the 1960s.
Suitable Horse Breeds
There are particular aspects of physiological conformation that long-distance horses require to be best suited for long-distance. In particular an ‘endurance horse needs to take in a lot of oxygen’ and as such, it is necessary from a conformation standpoint to have large nostrils, good width between the branches of the jaw, and a clean throat latch all allow for easier air intake’. A long-distance horse will also be clear of wind-sucking, this term refers to when a horse opens their mouth and sucks air inwards. This can be problematic from a conformation aspect as it can be a sign of further underlying issues such as ulcers, respiratory and dental problems.
Well known breeds associated with long-distance riding include:
Arabian
Australian Stock Horse
Quarter Horse
Mustang
There are a number of common physiological attributes of these breeds, most prominently is their stamina to sustain and traverse challenging and long terrain. Psychologically a strong mental attitude is important in order for horses to successfully conserve energy. The attribute of bigger is better does not apply for endurance horses as opposed to their performance and show horse counter parts. This is because the ability to evenly and effectively carry weight is of more importance in the discipline of long-distance riding.
Governing Organisations
There are a number of governing bodies across a number of countries and their respective states and territories globally. That preside over regulations relating to safety and participation in long-distance riding
Federation Equestrian International (FEI)
The peak international governing body Federation Equestrian International task is to provide; frameworks to ensure integrity in all disciplines. In specific regarding to the sport of endurance it emphasizes the intense tactical and mental demands for both, as well as the guidelines that place equine & athlete safety with paramount importance. Endurance became a recognised Fédération Équestre Internationale discipline in 1978, and the international organisation has since set down rules with the welfare of the horse as top priority. In the United States, endurance rides are sanctioned by the FEI, the AERC, or both and seldom by the FEI alone. Usually the stand-alone rides are special FEI rides like the North American Team Challenge. When both the FEI and AERC sanction a ride, the FEI rules prevail.
Two well-known American 100-mile (160 km) endurance rides are The Western States Trail Ride, \held in California, and the Old Dominion ride, held in Virginia.
One-day international competitions are 40–160 km. Multi-day competitions are longer but have daily distance limits. Those that are FEI recognized and are broken into the following categories:
CEI * (one star): minimum average distance each day is 80–119 km (50–74 mi)
CEI **: 120–139 km (75–86 mi) in one day or 70–89 km (43–55 mi) per day over two days
CEI ***: 140–160 km (87–99 mi) in one day, or 90–100 km (56–62 mi) per day over two days, or 70–80 km (43–50 mi) per day over three days or more.
CEI ****: Senior Championships of a minimum of 160 km (99 mi) in one day, Young Horse. Championships for 7 year olds – maximum distance 130 km (81 mi), Junior and Young Rider Championships of a minimum of 120 km (75 mi), maximum of 130 km (81 mi) in one day.
Note: CEI is the notation that the competition is an FEI-approved international competition.
When first recognised by the FEI, there were only four international competitions. This grew to an average of 18 rides per year by 1998, when the first World Championships were held in the United Arab Emirates. The World Championships provided a huge boost to the sport, and, by 2005, there were 353 international competitions, second to only eventing and show jumping. Due to the huge increase in international competition, endurance is growing quite rapidly worldwide.
United States Equestrian Federation
The United States Equestrian organisation originates from 1917 its purpose was to unite riders, competitors, coaches and horse enthusiasts. As the national governing body, it endeavours to foster growth and participation across all sports. They also contribute to the greater protection and assistance of horse welfare in both crisis situations and natural disasters. The Federation also operates a number of committees for each discipline, safety & welfare, ethics and athletes. Endurance riding is defined by the United States as ‘sport covering variations in altitude, terrain, and weather that tests the fitness and stamina of the horse as well as the athlete’s discipline and horsemanship skills. Periodic checkpoints occur throughout the competition to ensure the health and fitness of the horse and athlete. Given their ability to meet and master physical challenges’.
American Endurance Ride Conference
The majority of American endurance rides are sanctioned by the American Endurance Ride Conference (AERC), founded in 1972 as a governing body for long-distance riding. AERC's motto is "To finish is to win." Though the first horse and rider to finish the race are technically the winner, the majority of AERC riders aim for a "completion" rather than a placing. The majority of competitors are amateurs that participate in endurance as a hobby rather than a profession, generally owning a small number of horses and riding them themselves.
In addition to traditional "endurance" distances of 50 or more miles, AERC includes a Limited Distance (LD) division. LD's are at least 25 miles and can be as long as 35 miles. Though originally introduced as training rides for beginning riders and horses, they evolved into their own level of competition.
All AERC clubs are required to offer completion awards to all horse and rider teams who meet completion criteria including the horse being judged "fit to continue", as well placings and Best Condition awards. Various regional clubs and organisations offer further recognition's and awards. Widely acclaimed riders are typically those with high lifetime mileage accumulation and minimal non-completions.
Equestrian Australia
The Equestrian Federation of Australia was first formatted on a state by state basis, which led to recognition and creation of a national body in 1951–1952 in order to format end facilitate the acceptance of an Olympic Equestrian Team. It also now serves as national body to improve equestrian safety with a dedicated committee to assist with incident planning & management, concussion protocols and advice. Equestrian Australia oversees all equestrian sport pursuits including Endurance riding. It is role as the national body ensures good practice towards the animals with strict veterinarian checks to ensure they a fit to perform and be ridden. Internationally and within Australia the winner is deemed by being first past the post and to clear a veterinary check.
Equipment
Participation in endurance riding is permitted as long as approved equipment and personal protective equipment is used. The Australian Endurance Riders Association lists guidelines in order to compete and complete courses in Australia, that includes: Approved specialised riding helmet, Saddle pad or cloth and the saddle that is typical -all purpose, western or a stock saddle and bridle. At an introductory level of competition whips and spurs are not permitted, or the use of anything that may be used to whip a horse.
Events
At a state, national and international level endurance events are held for all riders of different abilities. The premier Endurance rides are the ‘FEI World Equestrian Games, staged every four years in the middle of the Olympic cycle; the FEI World Endurance Championships, held in every Olympic year; and the biannual FEI European Endurance Championships.’ FEI stipulates the high-performance events that have global participation.
International: World Equestrian Games
Long-distance riding at the highest international level is at the World Equestrian Games, the distance of competition for each horse and rider partnership is run over 160 km course completed in one day. Rules in place for competing at the FEI level state that each country can send a maximum of four horse and rider combinations. And that the course will have five loops, that need to be completed, at the end of each loop there will be a compulsory veterinarian check, the horse needs to successfully pass the check in order to be allowed to continue on. On completion of the race all horses are checked again over a specified period of time. The individual winner is decided by the first horse past the post, having completed and passed all vet checks on course. The three fastest times from each competing country will determine the overall champion teams component of endurance competition at World Equestrian Games.
Australia
In Australia events run across all state and territories and are put on by each state organisation the follow long-distance rides are listed as events on the Australian Endurance Riders Association.
Mount Cole Endurance Fundraiser, Distances: 120 km elevation, 40 km.
Queensland Bom Bom, Distances: 40,80 and 100 km elevation.
State Championships held annually, with Distances: 40,80 and 120 km
These are just a few of the many annually held long-distance rides across Australia
Safety in the Sport
Equestrian sports are among the most dangerous sports, this includes long-distance riding. The combination of an unpredictable animal and rider can equate to a large risk with involvement in the sport. Ensuring and improving safety is an ongoing and of paramount importance for both the horse and rider. The incidence and ‘severity of injuries tend to vary somewhat among different countries, making identification of key factors and direct comparisons difficult’. The statistical data from 2008 from Loder showed the most common way to sustain an injury from horse riding is by falling off. Also noted was being kicked, dragged, crushed underneath, and trodden on. There are a number of considered variables in order to mitigate injury is managed by accounting for rider experience, conditions during the competition, the animal and unexpected conditions. Horses are attuned to strong awareness of humans Hausberger researched understanding of the power of gaze, posture, speed and approach between horse and human interactions . This research investigated how aspects of human body language can impact equine behaviour. Specifically related to endurance riding inherent risks identified were a young or inexperienced horse or a young rider are more likely to be at a greater risk of injury. This calls for consideration of attributes for rider psychology when assessing horse and rider potential risk and ability to perceive and assess changing conditions when riding. To further provide safeguarded measures there is stipulation needed for practices to protect the rider need to be integrated into daily riding and training, however while necessary steps and policies can be taken to improve equestrian pursuits and riding there is a need for awareness and consideration that horses still remain unpredictable and will not always behave in a predictable manner.
Notable Riders
Notable riders include Anna Hingley across Australia, and Aimé Félix Tschiffely across South and North America.
Considerable discussion has occurred over daily distances made by horses in various situations, and contexts.
References
Long distance horse riding |
Penicillium pinsaporum is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium.
References
pinsaporum |
Houston County High School is the name of several schools:
Houston County High School (Alabama), Columbia, Alabama
Houston County High School (Georgia), Warner Robins, Georgia
Houston County High School (Tennessee), Erin, Tennessee |
Electoral history of Eugene McCarthy, United States Senator (1959–1971) and Representative (1949–1959) from Minnesota. He was a member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (Democratic Party on the national level).
McCarthy was also a candidate for the 1968 Democratic presidential nomination, coming first in the primaries. He later ran for President four times.
House and Senate races (1948-1964)
Minnesota's 4th congressional district, 1948:
Eugene McCarthy (DFL) - 78,476 (59.43%)
Edward Devitt (R) (inc.) - 53,574 (40.57%)
Minnesota's 4th congressional district, 1950:
Eugene McCarthy (DFL) (inc.) - 59,930 (60.39%)
Ward Fleming (R) - 39,307 (39.61%)
Minnesota's 4th congressional district, 1952:
Eugene McCarthy (DFL) (inc.) - 98,015 (61.71%)
Roger G. Kennedy (R) - 60,827 (38.29%)
Minnesota's 4th congressional district, 1954:
Eugene McCarthy (DFL) (inc.) - 81,651 (63.01%)
Dick Hansen (R) - 47,933 (36.99%)
Minnesota's 4th congressional district, 1956:
Eugene McCarthy (DFL) (inc.) - 103,320 (64.07%)
Edward C. Slettedahl (R) - 57,947 (35.93%)
United States Senate election in Minnesota, 1958:
Eugene McCarthy (DFL) - 608,847 (52.95%)
Edward John Thye (R) (inc.) - 535,629 (46.58%)
William M. Curran (Socialist Workers) - 5,407 (0.47%)
United States Senate election in Minnesota, 1964:
Eugene McCarthy (DFL) (inc.) - 931,363 (60.34%)
Wheelock Whitney, Jr. (R) - 605,933 (39.26%)
William Braatz (Industrial Government) - 3,947 (0.26%)
Everett E. Luoma (Socialist Workers) - 2,357 (0.15%)
1968 presidential election
New Hampshire Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Lyndon B. Johnson (inc.) - 27,520 (49.62%)
Eugene McCarthy - 23,263 (41.94%)
Richard Nixon - 2,532 (4.57%)
Robert F. Kennedy - 606 (1.09%)
Paul C. Fisher - 506 (0.91%)
Nelson Rockefeller - 249 (0.45%)
George Wallace - 201 (0.36%)New Hampshire Democratic vice presidential primary, 1968:
Hubert Humphrey (inc.) - 7,622 (56.25%)
Robert F. Kennedy - 2,833 (20.91%)
Eugene McCarthy - 1,105 (8.16%)
Paul C. Fisher - 858 (6.33%)
Lyndon B. Johnson - 385 (2.84%)
Claude R. Kirk Jr. - 339 (2.50%)
John A. Volpe - 205 (1.51%)
Richard Nixon - 159 (1.17%)
George Wallace - 44 (0.33%)Wisconsin Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Eugene McCarthy - 412,160 (56.23%)
Lyndon B. Johnson (inc.) - 253,696 (34.61%)
Robert F. Kennedy - 46,507 (6.35%)
None of These Candidates - 11,861 (1.62%)
George Wallace - 4,031 (0.55%)
Hubert Humphrey - 3,605 (0.49%)
Scattering - 1,142 (0.16%)Pennsylvania Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Eugene McCarthy - 428,891 (71.49%)
Robert F. Kennedy - 65,430 (10.91%)
Hubert Humphrey - 51,998 (8.67%)
George Wallace - 24,147 (4.03%)
Lyndon B. Johnson (inc.) - 21,265 (3.54%)
Richard Nixon - 3,434 (0.57%)
Others - 2,556 (0.43%)Massachusetts Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Eugene McCarthy - 122,697 (49.30%)
Robert F. Kennedy - 68,604 (27.56%)
Hubert Humphrey - 44,156 (17.74%)
Lyndon B. Johnson (inc.) - 6,890 (2.77%)
Nelson Rockefeller - 2,275 (0.91%)
George Wallace - 1,688 (0.68%)
Others - 2,593 (1.04%)Indiana Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Robert F. Kennedy - 328,118 (42.26%)
Roger D. Branigin - 238,700 (30.74%)
Eugene McCarthy - 209,695 (27.01%)Nebraska Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Robert F. Kennedy - 84,102 (51.72%)
Eugene McCarthy - 50,655 (31.15%)
Hubert Humphrey - 12,087 (7.43%)
Lyndon B. Johnson (inc.) - 9,187 (5.65%)
Richard Nixon - 2,731 (1.68%)
Ronald Reagan - 1,905 (1.17%)
George Wallace - 1,298 (0.80%)
Others - 646 (0.40%)Florida Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
George Smathers - 236,242 (46.11%)
Eugene McCarthy - 147,216 (28.73%)
Scott Kelly - 128,899 (25.16%)Oregon Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Eugene McCarthy - 163,990 (43.96%)
Robert F. Kennedy - 141,631 (37.96%)
Lyndon B. Johnson (inc.) - 45,174 (12.11%)
Hubert Humphrey - 12,421 (3.33%)
Ronald Reagan - 3,082 (0.83%)
Richard Nixon - 2,974 (0.80%)
Nelson Rockefeller - 2,841 (0.76%)
George Wallace - 957 (0.26%)South Dakota Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Robert F. Kennedy - 31,826 (49.51%)
Lyndon B. Johnson - 19,316 (30.05%)
Eugene McCarthy - 13,145 (20.45%)New Jersey Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Eugene McCarthy - 9,906 (36.09%)
Robert F. Kennedy - 8,603 (31.35%)
Hubert Humphrey - 5,578 (20.32%)
George Wallace - 1,399 (5.10%)
Richard Nixon - 1,364 (4.97%)
Others - 596 (2.17%)California Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Robert F. Kennedy - 1,472,166 (46.27%)
Eugene McCarthy - 1,329,301 (41.78%)
Thomas C. Lynch - 380,286 (11.95%)Illinois Democratic presidential primary, 1968:
Eugene McCarthy - 4,646 (38.59%)
Ted Kennedy - 4,052 (33.66%)
Hubert Humphrey - 2,059 (17.10%)
George Wallace - 768 (6.38%)
Lyndon B. Johnson (inc.) - 162 (1.35%)
Others - 351 (2.92%)1968 Democratic presidential primaries:
Eugene McCarthy - 2,914,933 (38.73%)
Robert F. Kennedy - 2,305,148 (30.63%)
Stephen M. Young - 549,140 (7.30%)
Lyndon B. Johnson (inc.) - 383,590 (5.10%)
Thomas C. Lynch - 380,286 (5.05%)
Roger D. Branigin - 238,700 (3.17%)
George Smathers - 236,242 (3.14%)
Hubert Humphrey - 166,463 (2.21%)
Unpledged - 161,143 (2.14%)
Scott Kelly - 128,899 (1.71%)
George Wallace - 34,489 (0.46%)1968 Democratic National Convention (presidential tally):
Hubert Humphrey - 1,760 (67.43%)
Eugene McCarthy - 601 (23.03%)
George McGovern - 147 (5.63%)
Channing E. Phillips - 68 (2.61%)
Daniel K. Moore - 18 (0.69%)
Ted Kennedy - 13 (0.50%)
Paul Bryant - 1 (0.04%)
James H. Gray - 1 (0.04%)
George Wallace - 1 (0.04%)1968 Democratic National Convention (vice presidential tally):
Edmund Muskie - 1,945 (74.01%)
Abstaining - 605 (23.02%)
Julian Bond - 49 (1.87%)
David C. Hoeh - 4 (0.15%)
Ted Kennedy - 4 (0.15%)
Eugene McCarthy - 3 (0.11%)
Richard J. Daley - 2 (0.08%)
Don Edwards - 2 (0.08%)
George McGovern - 2 (0.08%)
Robert McNair - 2 (0.08%)
Abraham A. Ribicoff - 2 (0.08%)
James Tate - 2 (0.08%)
Allard Lowenstein - 1 (0.04%)
Paul O'Dwyer - 1 (0.04%)
Henry Reuss - 1 (0.04%)
William F. Ryan - 1 (0.04%)
Terry Sanford - 1 (0.04%)
Sargent Shriver - 1 (0.04%)1968 United States presidential election:
Richard Nixon/Spiro Agnew (R) - 31,783,783 (43.4%) and 301 electoral votes (32 states carried)
Hubert Humphrey/Edmund Muskie (D) - 31,271,839 (42.7%) and 191 electoral votes (13 states and D.C. carried)
George Wallace/Curtis LeMay (AI) - 9,901,118 (13.5%) and 46 electoral votes (5 states carried)
Eugene McCarthy (I) - 25,634
Others - 243,258 (0.3%)
Later presidential races1972 Democratic presidential primaries:
Hubert Humphrey - 4,121,372 (25.77%)
George McGovern - 4,053,451 (25.34%)
George Wallace - 3,755,424 (23.48%)
Edmund Muskie - 1,840,217 (11.51%)
Eugene McCarthy - 553,990 (3.46%)
Henry M. Jackson - 505,198 (3.16%)
Shirley Chisholm - 430,703 (2.69%)
Terry Sanford - 331,415 (2.07%)
John Lindsay - 196,406 (1.23%)
Samuel Yorty - 79,446 (0.50%)
Wilbur Mills - 37,401 (0.23%)
Walter E. Fauntroy - 21,217 (0.13%)
Unpledged - 19,533 (0.12%)
Ted Kennedy - 16,693 (0.10%)
Vance Hartke - 11,798 (0.07%)
Patsy Mink - 8,286 (0.05%)
None - 6,269 (0.04%)1972 Democratic National Convention (presidential tally):
George McGovern - 1,729 (57.37%)
Henry M. Jackson - 525 (17.42%)
George Wallace - 382 (12.67%)
Shirley Chisholm - 152 (5.04%)
Terry Sanford - 78 (2.59%)
Hubert Humphrey - 67 (2.22%)
Wilbur Mills - 34 (1.13%)
Edmund Muskie - 25 (0.83%)
Ted Kennedy - 13 (0.43%)
Wayne L. Hays - 5 (0.17%)
Eugene McCarthy - 2 (0.07%)
Ramsey Clark - 1 (0.03%)
Walter Mondale - 1 (0.03%)1972 Democratic National Convention (vice presidential tally):
Thomas Eagleton - 1,742 (59.07%)
Frances Farenthold - 405 (13.73%)
Mike Gravel - 226 (7.66%)
Endicott Peabody - 108 (3.66%)
Clay Smothers - 74 (2.51%)
Birch Bayh - 62 (2.10%)
Peter Rodino - 57 (1.93%)
Jimmy Carter - 30 (1.02%)
Shirley Chisholm - 20 (0.68%)
Moon Landrieu - 19 (0.64%)
Edward T. Breathitt - 18 (0.61%)
Ted Kennedy - 15 (0.51%)
Fred R. Harris - 14 (0.48%)
Richard G. Hatcher - 11 (0.37%)
Harold E. Hughes - 10 (0.34%)
Joseph M. Montoya - 9 (0.31%)
William L. Guy - 8 (0.27%)
Adlai Stevenson III - 8 (0.27%)
Robert Bergland - 5 (0.17%)
Hodding Carter - 5 (0.17%)
Cesar Chavez - 5 (0.17%)
Wilbur Mills - 5 (0.17%)
Wendell Anderson - 4 (0.14%)
Stanley Arnold - 4 (0.14%)
Ron Dellums - 4 (0.14%)
John J. Houlihan - 4 (0.14%)
Roberto A. Mondragon - 4 (0.14%)
Reubin O'Donovan Askew - 3 (0.10%)
Herman Badillo - 3 (0.10%)
Eugene McCarthy - 3 (0.10%)
Claiborne Pell - 3 (0.10%)
Terry Sanford - 3 (0.10%)
Ramsey Clark - 2 (0.07%)
Richard J. Daley - 2 (0.07%)
John DeCarlo - 2 (0.07%)
Ernest Gruening - 2 (0.07%)
Roger Mudd - 2 (0.07%)
Edmund Muskie - 2 (0.07%)
Claude Pepper - 2 (0.07%)
Abraham Ribicoff - 2 (0.07%)
Pat Taylor - 2 (0.07%)
Leonard F. Woodcock - 2 (0.07%)
Bruno Agnoli - 2 (0.07%)
Ernest Albright - 1 (0.03%)
William A. Barrett - 1 (0.03%)
Daniel Berrigan - 1 (0.03%)
Phillip Berrigan - 1 (0.03%)
Julian Bond - 1 (0.03%)
Hargrove Bowles - 1 (0.03%)
Archibald Burton - 1 (0.03%)
Phillip Burton - 1 (0.03%)
William Chappell - 1 (0.03%)
Lawton Chiles - 1 (0.03%)
Frank Church - 1 (0.03%)
Robert Drinan - 1 (0.03%)
Nick Galifianakis - 1 (0.03%)
John Goodrich - 1 (0.03%)
Michael Griffin - 1 (0.03%)
Martha Griffiths - 1 (0.03%)
Charles Hamilton - 1 (0.03%)
Patricia Harris - 1 (0.03%)
Jim Hunt - 1 (0.03%)
Daniel Inouye - 1 (0.03%)
Henry M. Jackson - 1 (0.03%)
Robery Kariss - 1 (0.03%)
Allard K. Lowenstein - 1 (0.03%)
Mao Zedong - 1 (0.03%)
Eleanor McGovern - 1 (0.03%)
Martha Mitchell - 1 (0.03%)
Ralph Nader - 1 (0.03%)
George Norcross - 1 (0.03%)
Jerry Rubin - 1 (0.03%)
Fred Seaman - 1 (0.03%)
Joe Smith - 1 (0.03%)
Benjamin Spock - 1 (0.03%)
Patrick Tavolacci - 1 (0.03%)
George Wallace - 1 (0.03%)1976 United States presidential election:
Jimmy Carter/Walter Mondale (D) - 40,831,881 (50.08%) and 297 electoral votes (23 states and D.C. carried)
Gerald Ford (inc.)/Bob Dole (R) - 39,148,634 (48.02%) and 240 electoral votes (27 states carried)
Ronald Reagan/Bob Dole (R) - 1 electoral vote (Washington faithless elector)
Eugene McCarthy/Various (I) - 740,460 (0.91)
Roger MacBride/David Bergland (LBT) - 172,553 (0.21%)
Lester Maddox/William Dyke (AI) - 170,274 0.21%
Thomas J. Anderson/Rufus Shackelford (American) - 158,271 (0.19%)
Peter Camejo/Willie Mae Reid (Socialist Workers) - 90,986 (0.11%)
Gus Hall/Jarvis Tyner (Communist) - 58,709 (0.07%)
Margareth Wright/Benjamin Spock (People's) - 49,013 (0.06%)
Lyndon LaRouche/R. Wayne Evans (U.S. Labor) - 40,043 (0.05%)
Others - 70,785 (0.08%)1988 United States presidential election:
George H. W. Bush/Dan Quayle (R) - 48,886,597 (53.4%) and 426 electoral votes (40 states carried)
Michael Dukakis/Lloyd Bentsen (D) - 41,809,476 (45.6%) and 111 electoral votes (10 states and D.C. carried)
Lloyd Bentsen/Michael Dukakis (D) - 1 electoral vote (West Virginia faithless elector)
Ron Paul/Andre Marrou (MBT) - 431,750 (0.5%)
Lenora Fulani/Various (New Alliance) - 217,221 (0.2%)
David Duke (Populist) - 47,043 (0.05%)
Eugene McCarthy/Florence Rice (Consumer) - 30,905 (0.03%)1992 Democratic presidential primaries:
Bill Clinton - 10,482,411 (52.01%)
Jerry Brown - 4,071,232 (20.20%)
Paul Tsongas - 3,656,010 (18.14%)
Unpledged - 750,873 (3.73%)
Bob Kerrey - 318,457 (1.58%)
Tom Harkin - 280,304 (1.39%)
Lyndon LaRouche - 154,599 (0.77%)
Eugene McCarthy - 108,678 (0.54%)
Charles Woods - 88,948 (0.44%)
Larry Agran - 58,611 (0.29%)
Ross Perot - 54,755 (0.27%)
Ralph Nader - 35,935 (0.18%)
Louis Stokes - 29,983 (0.15%)
Angus Wheeler McDonald - 9,900 (0.05%)
J. Louis McAlpine - 7,911 (0.04%)
George W. Benns - 7,887 (0.04%)
Rufus T. Higginbotham - 7,705 (0.04%)
Tom Howard Hawks - 7,434 (0.04%)
Stephen Bruke - 5,261 (0.03%)
Tom Laughlin - 5,202 (0.03%)
Tom Shiekman - 4,965 (0.03%)
Jeffrey F. Marsh - 2,445 (0.01%)
George Ballard - 2,067 (0.01%)
Ray Rollinson - 1,206 (0.01%)
Leonora Fulani - 402 (0.00%)
Douglas Wilder - 240 (0.00%)
Other later racesMinnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party primary for the United States Senate, 1982:
Mark Dayton - 359,014 (69.06%)
Eugene McCarthy''' - 125,229 (24.09%)
Charles E. Pearson - 19,855 (3.82%)
William A. Branstner - 15,754 (3.03%)
References
McCarthy, Eugene |
Pionosyllis is a genus of polychaetes belonging to the family Syllidae.
The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
Pionosyllis comosa
Pionosyllis compacta
Pionosyllis gigantea
Pionosyllis heterochaetosa
Pionosyllis kerguelensis
Pionosyllis koolalya
Pionosyllis longisetosa
Pionosyllis lucida
Pionosyllis magnifica
Pionosyllis malmgreni
Pionosyllis manca
Pionosyllis nidrosiensis
Pionosyllis petalecirrus
Pionosyllis stylifera
Pionosyllis suchumica
References
Annelids |
Bhale Huduga is a 1978 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by T. R. Ramanna and produced by R. Ganesh. The film stars Vishnuvardhan, Manjula, Dwarakish and Udaykumar, with music composed by G. K. Venkatesh. It is a remake of the 1964 Tamil film Panakkara Kudumbam.
Cast
Vishnuvardhan
Manjula
Dwarakish
Udaykumar
Thoogudeepa Srinivas
Raji
Chindodi Leela
Jayakumari
Jayamalini
Vanichandra
Shashikala
Sudhashree
Dikki Madhavarao
Chethan Ramarao
Kunigal Nagabhushan
Vasanthkumar
Master Ravishankar
Kunigal Ramamurthy
Pranayamurthy
References
External links
1978 films
1970s Kannada-language films
Films scored by G. K. Venkatesh
Kannada remakes of Tamil films
Films directed by T. R. Ramanna |
Brđani is a village in Požega-Slavonia County, Croatia. The village is administered as a part of the City of Pleternica.
According to national census of 2011, population of the village is 49.
Notable people
Stefan Vujanovski
Sources
Populated places in Požega-Slavonia County |
Maria Garcia Sanchis (1881–1936) was a Valencian weaver and militiawoman who was one of Las Cinco de Mallorca. She was also a spiritist and anarchist.
Biography
A weaver by trade, Garcia Sanchis was self-taught and an avid reader, with firm spiritual convictions. She was committed to anarchism and a great orator. Garcia Sanchis took part in the 1934 Catalan local elections, in a women's rally held at the Teatro Principal in Sabadell. She enlisted in the Anti-Fascist Women's Militia led by her fellow member of the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia (PSUC), , in the early days of the Spanish Civil War. Garcia Sanchis was photographed by Robert Capa and Gerda Taro at Camp de la Bota, where the militia women were training, and also appeared in Life magazine.
On 16 August 1936, María and her fellow militia members of the women's battalion embarked for Mallorca from the port of Barcelona in the Republican army expedition commanded by Captain Alberto Bayo. After twenty days of fighting, she and four of her companions were captured, tortured and executed in Manacor on 5 September 1936. The Nationalist troops were led by the Italian fascist Arconovaldo Bonaccorsi. They have gone down in history under the name of Las Cinco de Mallorca (The Mallorca Five). Mallorca was one of the first places where the anti-fascist women fighters went into combat in the Civil War.
Recognition
The documentary Milicianes by Tania Balló, Jaume Miró and Gonzalo Berger, recovered her name and those of the other combatants, Teresa Bellera, Daría and Mercedes Buxadé, although the name of the fifth, who kept a diary, is unknown. They appear in a photograph taken a few hours before they were shot.
On 27 March 2022, in Sabadell, a steel stolperstein bearing her name was placed in the Can Rull neighbourhood, in the Carrer de Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer. The memorial was laid at the gates of what was Maria's family residence from 1935 onwards, where she had a handloom and a winding machine in the courtyard. She thus became the first woman with one of these stones in Sabadell.weaver and militiawoman who was one of Las Cinco de Mallorca. The cobblestone was exhibited a few days earlier at the Sabadell History Museum, together with the exhibition on the teacher .
References
External links
1881 births
1936 deaths
Executed anarchists
Executed Spanish women
People executed by Francoist Spain
People executed by Spain by firing squad
People from the Province of Valencia
People from Sabadell
Spanish anarchists
Spanish feminists
Spanish military personnel killed in the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction)
Spanish women of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction)
Spiritualists
Weavers |
Indrechtach mac Dúnchado Muirisci (died 707) was a King of Connacht from the Ui Fiachrach Muaidhe branch of the Connachta. He was the son of a previous king Dúnchad Muirisci mac Tipraite (died 683). He reigned from 705 to 707.
His predecessor Cellach mac Rogallaig (died 705) had defeated an attempt by the northern Ui Neill to assert their supremacy at the Battle of Corann in 703. In revenge the northern Ui Neill under Fergal mac Máele Dúin of the Cenél nEógain; Fergal mac Loingsig of the Cenél Conaill; and Conall Menn of the Cenél Coirpri defeated and slew Indrechtach in 707. The Annals of Tigernach refer to Indrechtach as "king of the Three Connachta" which indicated the beginnings of a true provincial over-kingship in hostility to Ui Neill pretensions.
Indrechtach's son Ailill Medraige mac Indrechtaig (died 764) was also a King of Connaught.
Notes
See also
Kings of Connacht
References
Annals of Tigernach
Francis J.Byrne, Irish Kings and High-Kings
The Chronology of the Irish Annals, Daniel P. McCarthy
External links
CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
707 deaths
Kings of Connacht
Monarchs from County Mayo
8th-century Irish monarchs
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
7th-century births
8th-century deaths |
Sam Gor (), also known as The Company, is an international crime syndicate, based in Asia-Pacific. The organization is made up of members of five different triads: 14K, Bamboo Union, Big Circle Boys, Sun Yee On and Wo Shing Wo. Sam Gor is understood to be headed by Chinese–Canadian Tse Chi Lop, who was arrested in January 2021 in the Netherlands. The syndicate is primarily involved in drug trafficking, earning at least $8 billion per year. "Sam Gor is alleged to control between 40 and 70% of the Asia-Pacific methamphetamine market, while also trafficking heroin, ketamine and synthetic drugs, and precursor chemicals. The group is active or working with organized crime partners in a variety of countries, including Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, New Zealand, Australia, Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan and Vietnam. Sam Gor previously produced meth in Southern China and is now believed to manufacture mainly in the Golden Triangle, specifically Shan State, Myanmar, responsible for much of the massive surge of crystal meth in recent years.
Leadership
The group is understood to be headed by Tse Chi Lop, a gangster born in Guangzhou, China. Tse is a former member of the Hong Kong-based crime group, the Big Circle Gang. In 1988, Tse immigrated to Canada and built the foundations of this syndicate in Toronto. In 1998, Tse was convicted of transporting heroin through Canada into the United States in partnership with the Rizzuto crime family which was the dominant North American Italian mafia family at the time. Tse served nine years behind bars with fellow Big Circle Boys associates Wai dai Cheung and Chung wai hung. Tse has been compared in prominence to Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán and Pablo Escobar. Tse has been wanted for years and subject to an Interpol notice since 2019 after he was named publicly. Tse was arrested en route to Canada from Taiwan during a stop over in Amsterdam 22 January 2021. The Australian Federal Police (AFP) is seeking his extradition from the Netherlands to face trial. The arrest was the culmination of multi-year Operation Kungur, led by the AFP and supported in different ways by twenty law enforcement agencies with interests in the case including from Canada, China, Hong Kong SAR, Japan, Macau SAR, Myanmar, New Zealand, Thailand, and the US (including the DEA). Taiwan's Ministry of Justice Investigation Bureau assisted. It remains unclear how he was able to live without detection or arrest in Taiwan after being public named in 2019. Raising concerns about the influence of organized crime in the region after the arrest, UNODC Regional Representative Jeremy Douglas commented "It's a great result...[b]ut the organisation remains". He added, "...while taking down syndicate leadership matters, the conditions they have effectively used in the region to do business remain unaddressed, and the network remains in-place. The demand for synthetic drugs has been built, and someone will step in to replace Tse."
Organization
Sam Gor is made up of 14K, Wo Shing Wo, Sun Yee On, Big Circle Gang and Bamboo Union. The group does business with many other local crime groups such as the Yakuza in Japan and the Comanchero Motorcycle Club and Lebanese mafia in Australia.
A June 2020 news article stated that factories run by major organized crime groups, located on or near the borders of Myanmar, Thailand and Laos, were "protected by private militias". In spite of the COVID-19 pandemic production the trafficking of synthetic drugs and chemicals continues at record levels in the region.
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime estimated that Sam Gor generated between $8 billion and $17.7 billion in revenue from meth in 2018 and that the triad had "expanded at least fourfold in the past five years".
In October 2020, Lee Ching Chak was arrested in Bangkok, and two years later his extradition be announced to Australian authorities.
In December 2022, Tse Chi Lop is extradited by the Australian police and will face the courts of that country.
References
External links
Transnational Organized Crime in Southeast Asia: Evolution, Growth and Challenges
Chinese gangs
Drug cartels
Transnational organized crime
Organised crime groups in Australia
Organized crime groups in China
Organized crime groups in Japan
Organized crime groups in Myanmar
Organised crime groups in New Zealand
Organized crime groups in Taiwan
Organised crime groups in Thailand |
```swift
/*
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
*
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
/* This is a simple Swift demo app that shows an example of how to use
* PJSUA API to make one audio+video call to another user.
*/
import SwiftUI
class PjsipVars: ObservableObject {
@Published var calling = false
var dest: String = "sip:test@sip.pjsip.org"
var call_id: pjsua_call_id = PJSUA_INVALID_ID.rawValue
/* Video window */
@Published var vid_win:UIView? = nil
}
class AppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate {
static let Shared = AppDelegate()
var pjsip_vars = PjsipVars()
}
@main
struct ipjsua_swiftApp: App {
init() {
/* Create pjsua */
var status: pj_status_t;
status = pjsua_create();
if (status != PJ_SUCCESS.rawValue) {
NSLog("Failed creating pjsua");
}
/* Init configs */
var cfg = pjsua_config();
var log_cfg = pjsua_logging_config();
var media_cfg = pjsua_media_config();
pjsua_config_default(&cfg);
pjsua_logging_config_default(&log_cfg);
pjsua_media_config_default(&media_cfg);
/* Initialize application callbacks */
cfg.cb.on_incoming_call = on_incoming_call;
cfg.cb.on_call_state = on_call_state;
cfg.cb.on_call_media_state = on_call_media_state;
/* Init pjsua */
status = pjsua_init(&cfg, &log_cfg, &media_cfg);
/* Create transport */
var transport_id = pjsua_transport_id();
var tcp_cfg = pjsua_transport_config();
pjsua_transport_config_default(&tcp_cfg);
tcp_cfg.port = 5080;
status = pjsua_transport_create(PJSIP_TRANSPORT_TCP,
&tcp_cfg, &transport_id);
/* Add local account */
var aid = pjsua_acc_id();
status = pjsua_acc_add_local(transport_id, pj_bool_t(PJ_TRUE.rawValue), &aid);
/* Use colorbar for local account and enable incoming video */
var acc_cfg = pjsua_acc_config();
var tmp_pool:UnsafeMutablePointer<pj_pool_t>? = nil;
var info : [pjmedia_vid_dev_info] =
Array(repeating: pjmedia_vid_dev_info(), count: 16);
var count:UInt32 = UInt32(info.capacity);
tmp_pool = pjsua_pool_create("tmp-ipjsua", 1000, 1000);
pjsua_acc_get_config(aid, tmp_pool, &acc_cfg);
acc_cfg.vid_in_auto_show = pj_bool_t(PJ_TRUE.rawValue);
pjsua_vid_enum_devs(&info, &count);
for i in 0..<count {
let name: [CChar] = tupleToArray(tuple: info[Int(i)].name);
if let dev_name = String(validatingUTF8: name) {
if (dev_name == "Colorbar generator") {
acc_cfg.vid_cap_dev = pjmedia_vid_dev_index(i);
break;
}
}
}
pjsua_acc_modify(aid, &acc_cfg);
/* Init account config */
let id = strdup("Test<sip:test@sip.pjsip.org>");
let username = strdup("test");
let passwd = strdup("pwd");
let realm = strdup("*");
let registrar = strdup("sip:sip.pjsip.org");
let proxy = strdup("sip:sip.pjsip.org;transport=tcp");
pjsua_acc_config_default(&acc_cfg);
acc_cfg.id = pj_str(id);
acc_cfg.cred_count = 1;
acc_cfg.cred_info.0.username = pj_str(username);
acc_cfg.cred_info.0.realm = pj_str(realm);
acc_cfg.cred_info.0.data = pj_str(passwd);
acc_cfg.reg_uri = pj_str(registrar);
acc_cfg.proxy_cnt = 1;
acc_cfg.proxy.0 = pj_str(proxy);
acc_cfg.vid_out_auto_transmit = pj_bool_t(PJ_TRUE.rawValue);
acc_cfg.vid_in_auto_show = pj_bool_t(PJ_TRUE.rawValue);
/* Add account */
pjsua_acc_add(&acc_cfg, pj_bool_t(PJ_TRUE.rawValue), nil);
/* Free strings */
free(id); free(username); free(passwd); free(realm);
free(registrar); free(proxy);
pj_pool_release(tmp_pool);
/* Start pjsua */
status = pjsua_start();
}
var body: some Scene {
WindowGroup {
ContentView()
.environmentObject(AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars)
.preferredColorScheme(.light)
}
}
}
private func on_incoming_call(acc_id: pjsua_acc_id, call_id: pjsua_call_id,
rdata: UnsafeMutablePointer<pjsip_rx_data>?)
{
var opt = pjsua_call_setting();
pjsua_call_setting_default(&opt);
opt.aud_cnt = 1;
opt.vid_cnt = 1;
/* Automatically answer call with 200 */
pjsua_call_answer2(call_id, &opt, 200, nil, nil);
}
private func on_call_state(call_id: pjsua_call_id,
e: UnsafeMutablePointer<pjsip_event>?)
{
var ci = pjsua_call_info();
pjsua_call_get_info(call_id, &ci);
if (ci.state == PJSIP_INV_STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
/* UIView update must be done in the main thread */
DispatchQueue.main.sync {
AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars.vid_win = nil;
AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars.calling = false;
}
}
}
private func tupleToArray<Tuple, Value>(tuple: Tuple) -> [Value] {
let tupleMirror = Mirror(reflecting: tuple)
return tupleMirror.children.compactMap { (child: Mirror.Child) -> Value? in
return child.value as? Value
}
}
private func on_call_media_state(call_id: pjsua_call_id)
{
var ci = pjsua_call_info();
pjsua_call_get_info(call_id, &ci);
let media: [pjsua_call_media_info] = tupleToArray(tuple: ci.media);
for mi in 0...ci.media_cnt {
if (media[Int(mi)].status == PJSUA_CALL_MEDIA_ACTIVE ||
media[Int(mi)].status == PJSUA_CALL_MEDIA_REMOTE_HOLD)
{
switch (media[Int(mi)].type) {
case PJMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
var call_conf_slot: pjsua_conf_port_id;
call_conf_slot = media[Int(mi)].stream.aud.conf_slot;
pjsua_conf_connect(call_conf_slot, 0);
pjsua_conf_connect(0, call_conf_slot);
break;
case PJMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
let wid = media[Int(mi)].stream.vid.win_in;
var wi = pjsua_vid_win_info();
if (pjsua_vid_win_get_info(wid, &wi) == PJ_SUCCESS.rawValue) {
let vid_win:UIView =
Unmanaged<UIView>.fromOpaque(wi.hwnd.info.ios.window).takeUnretainedValue();
/* For local loopback test, one acts as a transmitter,
the other as a receiver.
*/
if (AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars.vid_win == nil) {
/* UIView update must be done in the main thread */
DispatchQueue.main.sync {
AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars.vid_win = vid_win;
}
} else {
if (AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars.vid_win != vid_win) {
/* Transmitter */
var param = pjsua_call_vid_strm_op_param ();
pjsua_call_vid_strm_op_param_default(¶m);
param.med_idx = 1;
pjsua_call_set_vid_strm(call_id,
PJSUA_CALL_VID_STRM_START_TRANSMIT,
¶m);
}
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
}
``` |
James Jacob Spigelman (born 1 January 1946) is a former Australian judge who served as Chief Justice of New South Wales from 1998 to 2011. He was also Lieutenant-Governor of New South Wales from 1998 to 2012. He served on the Court of Final Appeal of Hong Kong as a non-permanent judge from other common law jurisdictions from April 2013 to his early resignation in September 2020. Spigelman also served as chairman of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation from 2012 to 2017.
Early years and education
Spigelman was born in Sosnowiec, Poland, on 1 January 1946. He arrived in Australia with his family in 1949 and attended Maroubra Public School and later Sydney Boys High School. He then went on to study Arts at the University of Sydney, where he attained First-Class Honours in Government and Second-Class Honours (Division 1) in Economics. Subsequently, he studied law, graduating in 1971 with First-Class Honours and the University Medal.
Spigelman participated in and helped organise the 1965 Freedom Ride, a project undertaken by students to draw attention to problems faced by Indigenous communities in NSW. In 1969 he was President of the Students' Representative Council. From 1969-1971, he was the Student Fellow of the University Senate.
Career
Early legal career
Spigelman was admitted to practise as a solicitor in 1972. From 1972 to 1975, he served as Senior Advisor and Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister Gough Whitlam. In 1975, he was appointed the Secretary of the Department of the Media.
In 1976 Spigelman was admitted to the NSW Bar. He did not commence practice until three years later, when he first served for several years as a member of the Australian Law Reform Commission and also spent time overseas. Spigelman's primary areas of practice at the bar included constitutional law, administrative law, and appellate work.
In 1986, Spigelman was appointed Queen's Counsel; and, in 1997, he served as Solicitor-General of New South Wales.
Judicial career
The Premier Bob Carr appointed Spigelman Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, and Lieutenant-Governor of NSW, effective 25 May 1998.
Spigelman was regarded as the favourite to succeed Murray Gleeson as Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia when he stepped down in late 2008. However, this appointment went instead to Robert French.
On 18 March 2011, Spigelman announced his decision to resign as Chief Justice, effective 31 May 2011. Reviewing Spigelman's 13-year term of office, Sydney Morning Herald columnist, David Marr commented that "... the Chief Justice of NSW .... blazed an incomparable trail.... every stage of Jim Spigelman's remarkable career has been like that: briefly surprising and then absolutely convincing". Marr claims that Spigelman's achievements include the renewal of the ranks of the Supreme Court, running a polite and friendly Court, and modernising the Court's business practices and rules. According to Bret Walker SC, Spigelman was renowned for "... showing his decided preference for efficient, better-value-for-money justice."
He retired on 31 May 2011 and was succeeded by Tom Bathurst QC. Spigelman has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.
He was also appointed to the Court of Final Appeal of Hong Kong as non-permanent judge from other common law jurisdictions in April 2013 and reappointed to a term that was not due to expire until 2022; however, after the Hong Kong chief executive denied the practice of the separation of powers in Hong Kong in September 2020, he became the first foreign judge to resign from the court, citing concerns over the national security legislation recently imposed by the Chinese government on the territory.
Chairman of the ABC
On 8 March 2012, Prime Minister Julia Gillard announced Spigelman would become chairman of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), starting a 5-year term on 1 April 2012. His term finished in March 2017 and he was replaced by Justin Milne in April 2017.
Personal life
Spigelman's parents, Gustawa and Majloch, are Holocaust survivors who feature in the graphic novel Maus, by Spigelman's cousin Art Spiegelman. They were 2 of 15 survivors among 72 Spigelman relatives. Spigelman's surname was originally spelt Szpigelman until his parents altered it to Spigelman after moving to Australia after the Holocaust ended.
Spigelman and his two brothers, Mark Spigelman and Allan Spigelman, have often been recognised for their achievements following the Holocaust.
Spigelman is married to author and clinical psychologist Alice Spigelman AM. She has a BA and MA in Psychology. Her directorships have included The Benevolent Society, UNHCR, Bundanon Trust, NIDA, Australian Institute of Music and the Rural Leadership Program. She is currently the Chair of Sculpture by the Sea having been a board member since 2010.
Community leadership
Spigelman has a strong interest in the arts. His community involvement includes:
Chairman of the Film Finance Corporation Australia Ltd (1990–1992)
Chair of the National Library of Australia Council (2010–present)
Deputy Chairman of the Art Gallery of New South Wales (1983–1988)
President of the Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences (1995–1998)
Member of the Council of the National Gallery of Australia (1995–1998)
Member of the Board of the Brett Whiteley Foundation (1995–1998)
Councillor of the Australian Film Television and Radio School (1975–1978)
Honours
Justice Spigelman became a Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) in 2000, for services to law and to the community through leadership in bringing about change in attitudes to the administration of justice for a more fair and equitable society, and to the support of the visual arts.
In 2001, Justice Spigelman was one of over 15,000 Australians to be awarded a Centenary Medal.
He has received honorary doctorates from two universities in Sydney: University of Sydney, Doctor of Laws (honoris causa), 2004; and Macquarie University, Doctor of Letters (honoris causa), 2012.
References
External links
The Hon James Spigelman AC QC, ABC Chairman Official website
The Honourable James Jacob Spigelman, AC, Supreme Court of New South Wales website
The Honourable James Jacob Spigelman, AC, Speeches, Supreme Court of New South Wales website
The Hon Justice James Jacob Spigelman AC, Honorary Awards, University of Sydney
The Honourable James Jacob Spigelman AC, Author profile, UPQ
Living people
1946 births
Chairpersons of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation
Chief Justices of New South Wales
Lieutenant-Governors of New South Wales
Judges of the Supreme Court of New South Wales
Australian judges on the courts of Fiji
Supreme Court of Fiji justices
Australian judges on the courts of Hong Kong
Justices of the Court of Final Appeal (Hong Kong)
Australian King's Counsel
20th-century King's Counsel
Lawyers from Sydney
Australian public servants
People educated at Sydney Boys High School
Sydney Law School alumni
Australian Jews
People from Sosnowiec
Polish emigrants to Australia
Companions of the Order of Australia
National Library of Australia Council members |
The Vorontsov Lighthouse (, ) is a red-and-white, 27.2 metre tall lighthouse in the Black Sea port of Odesa, Ukraine. It is named after Prince Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov, one of the governors-general of the Odesa region.
Construction
The lighthouse was built with iron tubing and lead gaskets. It has a one-million-watt signal light that can be seen up to twelve nautical miles (22 km) away. It transmits the Morse Code signal of three dashes, the letter O, for Odesa. It also sounds a foghorn during severe storms or fog.
The lighthouse is connected with the port's shoreline by a long stone causeway and jetty, which protect the port from the southern high seas. The port is protected on the east by huge concrete breakwaters built on rocks, that rise above the water.
History
The current lighthouse is the third to stand on the same spot. The first was built in 1862 and was made of wood.
See also
List of lighthouses in Ukraine
References
External links
Buildings and structures in Odesa
Lighthouses in Ukraine
Tourist attractions in Odesa
Lighthouses completed in 1862
1860s establishments in Ukraine
1862 establishments in the Russian Empire |
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