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Bellingen Shire is a local government area in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The shire is located adjacent to the Pacific Highway, Waterfall Way and the North Coast railway line. The mayor of the Bellingen Shire is Cr. Steve Allan, an independent. Towns and localities Towns and localities in the Bellingen Shire are: Bellingen Bostobrick Brierfield Cascade Darkwood Deer Vale Dorrigo Fernmount Gleniffer Hydes Creek Leigh Megan Mylestom Orama Raleigh Repton Tarkeeth Thora Urunga Valery Demographics At the , there were people in the Bellingen local government area, of these 48.5 per cent were male and 51.5 per cent were female. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 3.0 per cent of the population which is higher than the national and state averages of 2.5 per cent. The median age of people in the Bellingen Shire was 46 years; some 10 years higher than the national median. Children aged 0 – 14 years made up 19.5 per cent of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 19.9 per cent of the population. Of people in the area aged 15 years and over, 46.1 per cent were married and 17.4 per cent were either divorced or separated. Population growth in the Bellingen Shire between the , , and the 2011 census was marginal. When compared with total population growth of Australia for the same periods, being 5.78 per cent and 8.32 per cent respectively, population growth in the Bellingen local government area was significantly lower than the national average. The median weekly income for residents within the Bellingen Shire was significantly below the national average, being one of the factors that place the Bellingen Shire in an area of social disadvantage. At the 2011 Census, the proportion of residents in the Bellingen local government area who stated their ancestry as Australian or Anglo-Celtic exceeded 82 per cent of all residents (national average was 65.2 per cent). In excess of 69 per cent of all residents in the Bellingen Shire nominated a religious affiliation with Christianity at the 2011 Census, which was significantly above the national average of 50.2 per cent. Meanwhile, as at the Census date, compared to the national average, households in the Bellingen local government area had a significantly lower than average proportion (4.7 per cent) where two or more languages are spoken (national average was 20.4 per cent); and a significantly higher proportion (94.1 per cent) where English only was spoken at home (national average was 76.8 per cent). Council Bellingen Shire Council is composed of seven councillors, including the mayor, for a fixed four-year term of office. The mayor is directly elected while the six other councillors are elected proportionally as one entire ward. The most recent election was held on 4 December 2021, and the makeup of the council, including the mayor, is as follows: The current Council, elected in 2021, in order of election, is: See also Local government areas of New South Wales References Local government areas of New South Wales Mid North Coast
Ernesto de la Rosa (born 14 September 1955) is a Mexican former footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1976 Summer Olympics and won a gold medal in football at the 1975 Pan American Games. References External links 1955 births Living people Mexican men's footballers Mexico men's international footballers Olympic footballers for Mexico Footballers at the 1976 Summer Olympics Place of birth missing (living people) Men's association football defenders Pan American Games gold medalists for Mexico Pan American Games medalists in football Footballers at the 1975 Pan American Games Medalists at the 1975 Pan American Games
The south-west corner drainage region of Western Australia is one of only two temperate and relatively fertile parts of mainland Australia. It covers about , or a little less than 2% of the continent. For comparison, this is about the same size as North Carolina or a little larger than England. The landscape is generally flat and sandy but there are several major features, in particular the Stirling Range near Albany, which reaches at its highest point, and the Darling Scarp. The climate is temperate Mediterranean. Summers are warm to hot and dry, winters are cool and wet. Mountains near the coast concentrate rainfall in that area, with parts of the extreme south-western corner receiving as much as per year. Away from the coast, however, precipitation drops rapidly, with inland areas averaging about per year. Other Western Australian drainage divisions include: Pilbara freshwater ecoregion Timor Sea drainage division in the Kimberley and the Northern Territory Top End. Other Australian drainage divisions include: Gulf of Carpentaria Australian north-east coast drainage division Australian south-east coast drainage division Murray-Darling Basin South Australian gulf drainage division Lake Eyre Basin Western Plateau See also List of watercourses in Western Australia List of rivers of Australia References Beard, J. S. (1999) Evolution of the river systems of the south-west drainage division, Western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, Dec. 1999, p. 147-164' Olsen, Graeme. and Skitmore, E. The state of the rivers of the South West Drainage Division Leederville, W.A : Western Australian Water Resources Council, 1991. Water resource perspectives Publication ; no. 2/91 Schofiled, N.J. et al. ( 1989) Vegetation strategies to reduce stream salinities of water resource catchments in southwest Western Australia : prepared for the Steering Committee for Research on Land Use and Water Supply Leederville, W.A : Water Authority of Western Australia . Report (Water Authority of Western Australia) ; no. WS 33. South West Catchments Council South West regional strategy for natural resource management Bunbury, W.A.: South West Catchments Council Drainage basins of Australia Regions of Western Australia Southwest Australia
Football Days () is a 2003 Spanish comedy film written and directed by David Serrano which stars Ernesto Alterio, Alberto San Juan, Natalia Verbeke, and María Esteve. Cast Production The film was produced by Telespan 2000 and Estudios Picasso. Release Distributed by Buena Vista International, the film was theatrically released in Spain on 16 September 2003. Accolades \|- \| rowspan = "11" align = "center" \| 2004 \|\| rowspan = "5" \| 18th Goya Awards \|\| Best New Director \|\| David Serrano \|\| \|\| rowspan = "5" \| \|- \| Best Actor \|\| Ernesto Alterio \|\| \|- \| Best New Actor \|\| Fernando Tejero \|\| \|- \| Best New Actress \|\| Nathalie Poza \|\| \|- \| Best Editing \|\| Rori Sáinz de Rozas \|\| \|- \| rowspan = "6" \| 13th Actors and Actresses Union Awards \|\| Best Film Actor in a Leading Role \|\| Ernesto Alterio \|\| \|\| rowspan = "6" \| \|- \| Best Film Actor in a Secondary Role \|\| Fernando Tejero \|\| \|- \| Best Film Actor in a Minor Role \|\| Secun de la Rosa \|\| \|- \| Best Film Actress in a Minor Role \|\| rowspan = "2" \| Nathalie Poza \|\| \|- \| Best New Actress \|\| \|- \| Best New Actor \|\| Fernando Tejero \|\| \|} See also List of Spanish films of 2003 References External links 2003 comedy films 2003 films Spanish comedy films Films produced by Ghislain Barrois 2000s Spanish films 2000s Spanish-language films Telecinco Cinema films Spanish association football films
Duvshaniot (), also known as honey buttons, is a popular Israeli cookie made with honey and spices that is traditionally made to celebrate Rosh Hashanah and the High Holidays. Overview Duvshaniot are a small, round medium brown-colored cookie. They are made with a variety of spices such as cinnamon, nutmeg, cardamom, or baharat. They get their English name, honey buttons, from the use of honey or silan in these cookies. This gives them their signature, spiced honey flavor. Duvshaniot are commonly sold in glazed, topped with fondant, or plain, unglazed varieties. Duvshaniot are associated with the celebration of the Jewish holiday Rosh Hashanah as part of the tradition of consuming honey to usher in a "sweet new year". It is a common custom in Israel for families and friends to send each other gift baskets containing biscuits and sweets such as duvshaniot. Duvshaniot are commonly available from bakeries across Israel during the High Holiday season. Packaged varieties made by companies such as Osem are sold at grocery and convenience stores in Israel, and are also exported abroad to countries such as the United States. In other cultures Other types of cookies and biscuits similar to duvshaniot are found in Europe, including (gingerbread with honey) from Romania and Basler Läckerli from Switzerland. References Israeli pastries Rosh Hashanah foods Jewish cookies
Lake Hemet Dam, located in Mountain Center, California, impounds the South Fork of the San Jacinto River and creates Lake Hemet. The dam and lake are surrounded by the San Bernardino National Forest. The dam is operated by the Lake Hemet Municipal Water District, which supplies water to parts of the cities of Hemet and San Jacinto as well as the Garner Valley community of Mountain Center. History Construction of the Lake Hemet Dam began on January 6, 1891, by the Lake Hemet Water Company. Construction was completed in 1895. When built, the Lake Hemet Dam was the largest solid masonry dam in the world at a height of 122.5 feet (37.3 m) until it was surpassed in height by the Roosevelt Dam in 1911. In 1923, the height of the dam was increased to 135 feet (41 m). The Lake Hemet Municipal Water District was founded on September 27, 1955, to take over the activities of the Lake Hemet Water Company, purchasing the Lake Hemet water system with funds raised through a bond initiative. The dam was constructed with Portland cement due to its ability to set underwater; however, Portland cement was not available in the western United States at the time of construction. The cement needed for the construction of the dam was purchased from sources in Antwerp, Belgium, shipped around the south of South America, as the Panama Canal had not yet been built. It was then shipped by railroad to San Jacinto where it was loaded onto mule-drawn wagons to be transported up the mountain. References Dams in California San Jacinto River (California)
The following is a list of notable hospitals in Metro Manila, Philippines. City of Manila Amisola Maternity Hospital – Hermosa Street, Manuguit, Tondo Canossa Health and Social Center Foundation, Inc. – E. Jacinto Street, Magsaysay Village, Tondo Chinese General Hospital and Medical Center – Blumentritt Road, Santa Cruz Clinica Arellano General Hospital – Doroteo Jose Street, Santa Cruz De Ocampo Memorial Medical Center – Nagtahan Street, Santa Mesa Dr. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital – Lope de Vega Street, Santa Cruz Dr. Mirando Unciano, Sr. Medical Center – V. Mapa Street, Santa Mesa Esperanza Health Center – Santa Mesa F. Lanuza Health Center and Lying–in Clinic – Alvarez Street, Santa Cruz GAT Andres Bonifacio Memorial Medical Center – Delpan Street, Tondo Hospital of the Infant Jesus – Laong Laan Street, Sampaloc Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center – San Lazaro Compound, Rizal Avenue, Santa Cruz Justice Jose Abad Santos General Hospital – Numancia St. Binondo Manila Manila Doctors Hospital – 667 United Nations Avenue, Ermita Maria Clara Health Center and Lying–in Clinic – Maria Clara corner Prudencio Streets, Sampaloc Mary Chiles General Hospital – Dalupan Street, Sampaloc Mary Johnston Hospital – Juan Nolasco Street, Tondo ManilaMed (formerly Medical Center Manila) – General Luna Street, Ermita Metropolitan Medical Center – Masangkay Street, Tondo New Manila District Hospital – Pad. Peo, Santa Cruz Nephrology Center of Manila – San Andres Street corner Leon Guinto Street, Malate Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center – Quirino Avenue corner Roxas Boulevard, Malate Ospital ng Sampaloc – Geronimo Street, Sampaloc Ospital ng Tondo – Jose Abad Santos Avenue, Tondo Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital – P. Sanchez Street, Santa Mesa Pedro Gil Health Center and Lying–in Clinic – A. Francisco Street corner Perlita Street, San Andres Perpetual Help Hospital – Laong Laan Street, Sampaloc Perpetual Succor Hospital – Cayco Street, Sampaloc Philippine General Hospital – Taft Avenue, Ermita Presidential Security Group Station Hospital – Malacañang Park Saint Jude Hospital and Medical Center – Don Quijote corner Dimasalang Streets, Sampaloc San Lazaro Hospital – Quiricada Street, Santa Cruz Santa Ana Hospital – New Panaderos Street, Santa Ana Seamen's Hospital – Cabildo corner San Jose Streets, Intramuros The Family Clinic, Inc. – Maria Clara Street, Sampaloc Tondo Foreshore Health Center – Pacheco Street corner Santa Fe Street, Tondo Tondo Health Center – Gagalangin, Tondo Tondo Medical Center – Kalakal Street, Balut, Tondo Trinity Woman and Child Center "The Birthplace" – New Panaderos Street, Santa Ana Unciano General Hospital United Doctors Medical Center – near Mabuhay Rotonda University of Santo Tomas Hospital – Arsenio Lacson Avenue, Sampaloc Caloocan Acebedo General Hospital – Gen. Luis Street, Bagbaguin, JRM Baesa Advent Polyclinic and General Hospital – Retiro Street corner Baesa Road Bazarte Well Family Midlife Clinic – San Isidro, Camarin Col. Salvador T. Villa Memorial Hospital – Caimito Road Committee of German Doctors – Phase 8A, Bagong Silang Dante's Well Family Midlife Clinic – Bagong Silang Dr. Jose N. Rodriguez Memorial Hospital – Administration Site, Tala Fernandez General Hospital – F. Roxas, Grace Park Francisca dela Cruz Well Family Midwife Clinic – Caybiga Jean Demegillo Maternity and Lying–in Clinic – J. P. Ramoy Street, Talipapa John Paul Hospital – M. Ponce Street, Tirad Pass Lady of Lourdes Hospital of Caybiga, Inc. – Caybiga MCU–Filemon Dionisio Tanchoco Medical Foundation Hospital – EDSA Martinez Memorial Hospital – Mabini Street Nephrology Center of Caloocan Dialysis Center, Inc. – Barangay 86, District II, Calaanan East Nodado General Hospital – Area A, Camarin North Caloocan Doctors' Hospital – Bangkers Village 2, Quirino Highway Our Lady of Grace Hospital – 8th Avenue corner F. Roxas Street, Grace Park President Diosdado Macapagal Memorial Medical Center – Mabini Street Ronn–Carmel Hospital and Fertility Control Center – Ponce Street San Lorenzo General Hospital – Barangay 170, Zone 15, Deparo Fabella Las Piñas Perpetual Help Medical Center- Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona III Las Piñas Doctors Hospital Las Piñas General Hospital and Satellite Trauma Center Pope John Paul II Hospital and Medical Center Las Piñas City Medical Center Christ the King Medical Center Unihealth Las Piñas Makati Centuria Medical Makati Makati Life Medical Center – Bel-Air Makati Medical Center – Amorsolo Street, Legazpi Village Ospital ng Makati - Sampaguita Street, Pembo St. Claire's Medical Center – Dian Street cor. Boyle Street, Palanan Mandaluyong Asia Renal Care Philippines, Inc. – EDSA corner Reliance Street Jocson Well Family Midwife Clinic – Barangka Drive, Barangka Health Delivery Systems, Inc. (UNILAB DOTS Center) – Shaw Boulevard Mandaluyong City Medical Center – Boni Avenue National Center for Mental Health – Nueve de Pebrero Street Nephro Systems Philippines, Inc. – Eastgate Center, EDSA Perez–Mendoza Birthplace Lying–in Clinic – Blue Mansion Building, Boni Avenue Unciano General Hospital (Mandaluyong Branch) – Boni Avenue Victor R. Potenciano Medical Center – EDSA Divine Mercy The Home That Cares Inc. Psychiatric Custodial Hospital – Boni Avenue Marikina Amang Rodriguez Memorial Medical Center Garcia General Hospital Marikina Doctors Hospital and Medical Center Marikina Valley Medical Center St. Anthony Medical Center St. Victoria Hospital St. Vincent General Hospital Sta. Monica General Hospital Muntinlupa Alabang Medical Center – Alabang–Zapote Road Alabang Medical Clinic–Muntinlupa Branch – National Highway, Putatan Asian Hospital and Medical Center – Civic Drive, Filinvest City, Alabang Babaran–Echavez Medical and Psychiatric Clinic – Amparo Street, Poblacion Beato Cauilan Hospital – Villa Carolina, National Highway Clinic Systems, Inc. – Montillano Street, Alabang League of Government Information Practitioners of the Philippines, Inc. – Alabang Medical Center Muntinlupa – National Road, Putatan New Bilibid Prisons Hospital – Bureau of Corrections Ospital ng Muntinlupa – Filinvest Civic Drive, Filinvest City, Alabang Research Institute for Tropical Medicine – Filinvest City, Alabang San Roque Medical Clinic – Montillano Street, Alabang Parañaque Medical Center Paranaque – Dr. A. Santos Avenue, Sucat Road Olivarez General Hospital – Dr. A. Santos Avenue, Sucat Road Ospital ng Parañaque – Quirino Avenue, La Huerta Our Lady of Peace Hospital – Coastal Road, San Dionisio Protacio Medical Services – Quirino Avenue, Tambo South Superhighway Medical Center – West Service Road, South Superhighway Sta. Rita de Baclaran Hospital – G. Cruz Street, Baclaran Sto. Niño de Cebu Maternity Hospital – Sucat Road UHBI – Parañaque Doctors' Hospital – Doña Soledad Avenue, Better Living Subdivision Unihealth Paranaque Hospital and Medical Center – Dr. A. Santos Avenue, Sucat Road (front of San Antonio Valley 1 Village) Pasay Adventist Medical Center Manila – Donada Street Pasay City General Hospital – P. Burgos Street San Juan de Dios Hospital – 2772 Roxas Boulevard Pasig Alfonso Specialist Hospital – P. Sixto Antonio Avenue Glen Eagles Healthcare – San Miguel Avenue, Ortigas Center Health Solutions Corporation – San Miguel Avenue, Ortigas Center Javillonar Clinic and Hospital – Dr. Pilapil Street, Sagad John F. Cotton Hospital – Ortigas Avenue Medcor Pasig Hospital and Medical Center – Santolan, 10 Evangelista St., Pasig, NCR, Philippines Metro Psych Facility – P. Sixto Antonio Avenue Mission Hospital – Ortigas Avenue, Rosario Mother Regina Hospital – Madona Street, Doña Juana Subdivision, Rosario Pasig City General Hospital – F. Legazpi Street, Maybunga Pasig Doctors Medical Center – 254 A. Rodriguez Avenue, Manggahan Pasig Medical and Maternity Hospital Foundation – London Street, Pasig Green Park, Manggahan Rizal Medical Center – Pasig Boulevard Sabater General Hospital – Caruncho Avenue Salve Regina General Hospital – Marcos Highway, De la Paz Saint Threse Hospital – C. Raymundo Avenue, Maybunga St. Camillus Medical Center, Amang Rodriguez Avenue, Santolan The Medical City – Ortigas Avenue Wellness Pro, Inc. – San Miguel Avenue corner Lourdes Street Pateros Allied Care Experts (ACE) Medical Center – Pateros, Inc. – 884 P. Herrera St., Aguho Quezon City Ann Francis Maternity Hospital – Quirino Highway, Novaliches AFP Medical Center – V. Luna Road, Barangay Central Bernardino General Hospital – Quirino Highway, San Bartolome, Novaliches Bernardino General Hospital II – Kaligayahan, Novaliches Camp General Emilio Aguinaldo Station Hospital – Camp General Emilio Aguinaldo Capitol Medical Center – Quezon Avenue corner Scout Magbanua Street, Diliman Casaul General Hospital – Tandang Sora Avenue, Sangandaan, Novaliches Commonwealth Hospital and Medical Center – Commonwealth Avenue Cruz–Dalida Maternity Hospital – Jordan Plain, Novaliches De Los Santos–STI Medical Center – E. Rodriguez Boulevard Dihmesco General Hospital – General Luna Street Diliman Doctors Hospital – Commonwealth Avenue Dr. Fe del Mundo Medical Center Foundation Philippines – Banawe Street Dr. Carlos Lanting Hospital – Novaliches Dr. Jesus C. Delgado Memorial Medical Center – Kamuning Road Dr. Montano Ramos General Hospital – Bukidnon Street, Bagong Bantay East Avenue Medical Center – East Avenue, Diliman Fairview General Hospital – Fairview Avenue corner Mercury Street, Fairview Far Eastern University – Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation Medical Center – Regalado Avenue, West Fairview General Miguel Malvar Medical Foundation Hospital – Commonwealth Avenue J. P. Sioson General Hospital and Colleges, Inc. – Bukidnon Street, Bagong Bantay Lung Center of the Philippines – East Avenue National Children's Hospital – E. Rodriguez Boulevard National Kidney and Transplant Institute – East Avenue Neopolitan General Hospital – Quirino Highway, Lagro New Era General Hospital – Commonwealth Avenue, New Era Nodado General Hospital – Zabarte Subdivision, Kaligayahan, Novaliches Novaliches District Hospital – Quirino Highway, San Bartolome, Novaliches Novaliches General Hospital – Quirino Highway, Gulod, Novaliches OCW General Hospital – Tandang Sora Avenue, Culiat PNP General Hospital – Camp Crame, EDSA PNP General Hospital Annex – Camp Panopio B. Tuazon Pascual General Hospital – Baesa Philippine Children's Medical Center – Quezon Avenue Philippine Heart Center – East Avenue, Diliman Philippine Orthopedic Center – Maria Clara corner Banawe Streets, Santa Mesa Heights Philippine Oncology Center Corporation – Dahlia Street, West Fairview Providence Hospital – Quezon Ave., West Triangle Quezon City General Hospital – Seminary Road Queensberry Hospital – Ramirez Street, Novaliches Quezon Institute – E. Rodriguez Boulevard Quirino Memorial Medical Center – Project 4, P. Tuazon corner Katipunan Avenue St. Luke's Medical Center – E. Rodriguez Boulevard Saint Agnes General Hospital – Roosevelt Avenue San Lorenzo General Hospital – Pasong Putik, Novaliches Santa Teresita General Hospital – D. Tuazon Street United Doctors Medical Center – España Boulevard corner Ramirez Streets University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center – Aurora Boulevard University of the Philippines Medical Services – Diliman Valdez–Padron Hospital – Gulod, Novaliches Villarosa Hospital – Salalilla Street, Project 4 Veterans Memorial Medical Center – North Diliman World Citi Medical Center – Aurora Boulevard San Juan Cardinal Santos Medical Center – Wilson Street, Greenhills West Saint Martin de Porres Charity Hospital – A. Bonifacio Street San Juan Medical Center – N. Domingo Street Taguig Cruz–Rabe General Hospital – Gen. Luna Street, Tuktukan Dr. Sabili General Hospital and Health Services – Gen. Santos Avenue, Lower Bicutan Fort Bonifacio General Hospital – Fort Bonifacio Holy Mary Family Hospital – M. L. Quezon Street, Bagumbayan Jovince Medical Hospital – East Service Road, Western Bicutan St. Luke's Medical Center Global City – Bonifacio Global City Manila Naval Hospital – Bonifacio Naval Station, Fort Bonifacio Medical Center Taguig – Cayetano Boulevard, Ususan Recuenco General Hospital - North Signal Village Taguig Doctors Hospital – Bagumbayan Taguig–Pateros District Hospital (formerly Taguig City Hospital) – East Service Road, Western Bicutan Dr. Evilio Iquit Memorial Hospital – Signal Village Valenzuela Angelus Medical and Maternity Clinic – Que Grande Street, Ugong Calalang General Hospital – R. Valenzuela Street Carlos Clinic – Palasan Street Fatima Medical Center – MacArthur Highway F and P Hernandez Maternity and Lying–in Clinic – MacArthur Highway, Marulas Pasolo Maternity and Medical Clinic – Pasolo Street Saint John's Hospital – Malinta Sanctissimo Rosario General Hospital – Espiritu Street, Marulas Valenzuela City Emergency Hospital – Poblacion, Polo Valenzuela City General Hospital – Padrigal Street, Karuhatan Vian Family Hospital – Que Grande Street, Ugong References See also List of hospitals in the Philippines Metro Manila Hospitals Manila
```arduino #include <Wire.h> #include <SPI.h> void setup() { // UART initialization Serial.begin(9600); // I2C initialization Wire.begin(); // SPI initialization SPI.begin(); } void loop() { // UART echo if (Serial.available()) { Serial.write(Serial.read()); } // I2C read/write Wire.beginTransmission(0x68); // I2C address of device Wire.write(0x00); // register to read/write Wire.write(0xFF); // data to write (if writing) Wire.endTransmission(); Wire.requestFrom(0x68, 1); // number of bytes to read while (Wire.available()) { Serial.println(Wire.read()); } // SPI read/write digitalWrite(SS, LOW); // select slave device SPI.transfer(0x01); // data to write digitalWrite(SS, HIGH); // deselect slave device digitalWrite(SS, LOW); // select slave device byte data = SPI.transfer(0x00); // data to read digitalWrite(SS, HIGH); // deselect slave device Serial.println(data); delay(1000); // wait for 1 second before repeating loop } ```
37th Street station, also known as 37th Street/Spruce Street/Woodland Avenue station, is a SEPTA subway–surface lines trolley station in Philadelphia. It is westernmost station of the subway–surface tunnel and carries Routes 11, 13, 34, and 36. The station is located on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania at the intersection of 37th and Spruce streets. Trolleys serving this station go eastbound to Center City Philadelphia and westbound to the neighborhoods of Eastwick and Angora, as well as the Delaware County suburbs of Yeadon and Darby. History The station was opened in November 1955 by the Philadelphia Transportation Company (PTC) as part of a larger project to move portions of the elevated Market Street Line and surface trolleys underground. The original project to bury the elevated tracks between 23rd to 46th streets was announced by the PTC's predecessor, the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company (PRT), in the 1920s, but was delayed due to the Great Depression and World War II. The PTC's revised project also included a new tunnel for trolleys underneath the campus of the University of Pennsylvania, continuing from the original western portal at 23rd and Market streets to new portals at 36th and Ludlow streets and 40th Street and Baltimore Avenue. The station's platforms are offset because during construction, the above intersection was a five-way junction between Spruce Street, Woodland Avenue, and South 37th Street. The latter two streets were later converted to pedestrian walkways. In October 2006, Penn's class of 1956 donated a new covered headhouse for the eastbound platform entrance. The entrance is a replica of the Peter Witt trolley manufactured by J. G. Brill Company from 1923 to 1926 for Philadelphia's trolley system. The replica was built by the Gomaco Trolley Company. Station layout The station has two low-level offset side platforms, each capable of platforming two trolleys at a time. Fares are collected on board the trolley cars. References External links Images from NYCSubway.org Northwest entrance from Google Maps Street View SEPTA Subway–Surface Trolley Line stations Railway stations in Philadelphia Railway stations in Pennsylvania at university and college campuses Railway stations located underground in Pennsylvania
Intelligent device management is a technology used for enterprise software applications that allow equipment manufacturers to monitor and manage remote equipment, systems and products via the Internet. Another term for intelligent device management is remote device management (RDM) while strategic service management describes the service. IDM extends IT service management to on-site devices and can support standard service processes, such as Incident, Problem, Change, Configuration Management as defined by ITIL. This technology is commonly used by ATM, security and self-service kiosk companies. See also Machine to machine Control system HVAC control system Control engineering Lighting control system Intelligent building Self-service kiosk Canon device management software External links Machine 2 Enterprise - Blog on Building Management Systems Business software Information technology management
Velino Selo is a village in the municipality of Čelić, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Demographics According to the 2013 census, its population was 533. References Populated places in Čelić
Hugh Bird is a British Formula One engineer. He is currently the race engineer for Sergio Pérez at the Red Bull Racing Formula One team. Career After graduating from Cambridge University, Bird started his career in motorsport in 2012 as a simulation and analysis engineer for Red Bull Racing. He then became a simulation performance engineer from 2015 to 2017. For the 2018 Formula One World Championship he was appointed as Max Verstappen's performance engineer in a spell where the Dutchman scored seven victories and several podium finishes. He was appointed as Sergio Perez's senior race engineer for the 2021 Formula One World Championship, coaching the Mexican to one victory and fourth place in the Drivers' Championship. References Living people Formula One engineers British motorsport people Red Bull Racing Year of birth missing (living people)
Wola Różaniecka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tarnogród, within Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Tarnogród, south of Biłgoraj, and south of the regional capital Lublin. References Villages in Biłgoraj County
The General Convention is the primary governing and legislative body of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. With the exception of the Bible, the Book of Common Prayer, and the Constitution and Canons, it is the ultimate authority in the Episcopal Church, being the bureaucratic facility through which the collegial function of the episcopate is exercised. General Convention comprises two houses: the House of Deputies and the House of Bishops. It meets regularly once every three years; however, the House of Bishops meets regularly in between sessions of General Convention. The Bishops have the right to call special meetings of General Convention. All diocesan, coadjutor, suffragan, and assistant bishops of the Episcopal Church, whether active or retired, have seat and vote in the House of Bishops. Each diocese of the Episcopal Church, as well as the Navajoland Area Mission and the Convocation of Episcopal Churches in Europe, is entitled to representation in the House of Deputies by four clergy deputies, either presbyters or deacons, canonically resident in the diocese, and four lay deputies who are confirmed communicants in good standing. The Episcopal Church of Liberia is entitled to representation in the House of Deputies by two clergy deputies and two lay deputies, all with seat and voice but no vote. The Official Youth Presence is a group of eighteen high school youth, two from each province. They also have seat and voice but no vote. Resolutions must pass both houses in order to take effect. The convention is divided into committees which consider resolutions. Resolutions arise from four different sources: "A" resolutions from interim bodies whose work is collected in what is referred to as the "Blue Book" "B" resolutions which come from Bishops "C" resolutions which come from diocesan conventions and "D" resolutions which originate from Deputies. Each properly submitted resolution is referred to a convention committee which makes its recommendation to the House. When one house has acted on the resolution it is sent to the other house for consideration. Officers Presiding Bishop The presiding officer of the House of Bishops is the Presiding Bishop. Both houses take part in the selection of a new Presiding Bishop. The members of the Joint Nominating Committee for the Election of the Presiding Bishop are elected from both houses. The House of Deputies elects one clerical and one lay delegate from each province, and the House of Bishops elects one bishop from every province to sit on the joint committee. When a new Presiding Bishop is to be elected, the houses meet together in a joint session, and the nominating committee nominates at least three bishops. During the joint session, any deputy or bishop can nominate additional candidates. The House of Bishops elects the Presiding Bishop from among all nominees. The results of the election are reported to the House of Deputies, which then votes to confirm or not to confirm the election. Other officers The presiding officers of the House of Deputies are the president and vice president. A treasurer is elected by the two houses at every regular meeting of General Convention. The treasurer formulates the budget of the Episcopal Church, receives and disburses all money collected under the authority of the convention, and with the approval of the Presiding Bishop invests surplus funds. If the office of treasurer becomes vacant, the Presiding Bishop and the President of the House of Deputies appoints a treasurer until a new election is held. The treasurer of the General Convention and the Executive Council is Kurt Barnes. At each regular meeting of General Convention, the secretary of the House of Deputies is by concurrent action of both houses made the secretary of the General Convention. The secretary oversees the publishing of the Journal of the General Convention. In addition, the secretary also notifies the bishops and secretaries of every diocese to actions of General Convention, especially alterations to the Book of Common Prayer and the constitution of the Episcopal Church. If the offices of president and vice president become vacant during the triennium, the secretary performs the duties of president until the next meeting of General Convention. The Secretary is also the corporate secretary of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society, the corporate body of the Episcopal Church, and one of the four senior officers of the church. The Rev. Canon Dr. Michael Barlowe is the Secretary of the House of Deputies, having been appointed upon the retirement of his predecessor, the Rev. Dr. Gregory Straub in 2013. Dr. Barlowe is also the Executive Officer of the General Convention, a position filled by joint appointment of the Presiding Bishop and the President of the House of Deputies. The Executive Officer "oversees all aspects of the work of Church governance, from site selection through supervision and funding of the work mandated by the convention". He supervises the secretary, treasurer, and manager of the General Convention and heads the executive office of the General Convention which coordinates the work of the committees, commissions, boards, and agencies (CCAB's). Interim bodies and standing commissions Interim bodies, meeting in between sessions of General Convention, include the Executive Council, various standing commissions, and task forces constituted by the Convention which study and draft policy proposals for consideration and report back to General Convention. Task forces may vary in their size, membership, and duration depending on the General Convention resolution that orders their formation. The Executive Council, composed of the officers of General Convention and members elected by the General Convention and provinces of the Church, oversees the execution of the programs and policies adopted by General Convention. Each standing commission consists of five bishops, five priests or deacons, and ten laypersons. Priests, deacons, and lay persons are not required to be deputies. Bishops are appointed by the Presiding Bishop while the other clergy and laypersons are appointed by the president of the House of Deputies. Members are appointed to rotating terms so that the term for half of the members expires at the conclusion of each regular meeting of the General Convention. The standing commissions are: Liturgy and Music Structure, Governance, Constitution and Canons World Mission The Presiding Bishop and the President of the House of Deputies are ex officio members of all commissions and can appoint personal representatives to attend commission meetings without the right to vote. They jointly appoint Executive Council members as liaison persons to provide communication between the council and each commission. These liaison persons are not commission members and cannot vote; though, they do have voice. The Presiding Bishop also appoints a staff member to assist each commission in its work. Either house may refer matters to a commission, but one house cannot instruct a commission to take any action without the consent of the other house. History The American Revolution was very disruptive to the Episcopal churches in the United States. There had been no Anglican dioceses or bishops in the Thirteen Colonies before the Revolution, thus when the American congregations were separated from the Church of England, "the chain which held them together [was] broken". In 1782, William White, the father of the Episcopal Church, wrote in his pamphlet The Case of the Episcopal Churches in the United States Considered, "it would seem, that their future continuance can be provided for only by voluntary associations for union and good government". In America, the central unit of the church would be the congregation, rather than the diocese. White, a disciple of John Locke, believed that the church, like the state, should be a democracy. He proposed that congregations in each state should unite to form an annual convention (as opposed to a "convocation" or "synod", terms which denote a body called together by a bishop) of clergy and lay representatives of the congregations. In White's plan, the state conventions would send representatives to three provincial conventions which would elect representatives to the General Convention every three years. The constitution written in 1789 was very similar to White's plan, except that state conventions would elect representatives directly to the General Convention. Bishops would be democratically elected and responsible to the General Convention and their respective state (later diocesan) conventions. Bishops would be "servants of the Church and not its lords". It is often said that the Constitutions of the United States and the Episcopal Church were written by the same people. While this is not true, both were written around the same time in Philadelphia by people who knew each other and who sought to "replace hierarchical rule with egalitarian, democratic government". The House of Deputies is the older of the two houses having been formed in 1785. William White was the first President of the House of Deputies. The House of Bishops was formed in 1789 to win the support of those who wanted a greater role for bishops. The House of Deputies had the advantage because with an 80 percent majority it could override a veto of the House of Bishops until 1808 when both houses were given absolute vetoes. White became the first Bishop of Pennsylvania and the first Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church. Notable Conventions 1785 Philadelphia—Initial General Convention of the Episcopal Church 1817 New York City—Passed legislation founding General Theological Seminary 1865 Philadelphia—After the close of the Civil War, bishops from two Confederate dioceses are warmly welcomed to General Convention, paving the way for the remaining Southern dioceses to rejoin the church soon afterward. 1976 Minneapolis, Minnesota—Approval of women for Ordination 2003 Minneapolis—The Reverend Gene Robinson was confirmed to be the first openly gay bishop in the Episcopal Church. 2006 Columbus, Ohio—Election of Katharine Jefferts Schori as 26th Presiding Bishop, the first woman in the office. Response to Windsor Report: Dioceses are asked to exercise restraint in ordaining bishops who may cause further strain to the Anglican Communion 2015 Salt Lake City—Election of Michael Bruce Curry as 27th Presiding Bishop, the first African-American in the office. Canonical and liturgical changes removing "language defining marriage as between a man and a woman", thus allowing same-sex marriage for all Episcopalians. 2018 Austin, Texas—After the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, a plan to invest in firearms manufacturers and retailers as a form of shareholder advocacy was approved. See also List of General Conventions References External links Office of the General Convention Official website of the Episcopal Church Archives of the Episcopal Church Episcopal Church (United States) Governing assemblies of religious organizations Christian conferences Recurring events established in 1785
Valery V. Afanasyev (born September 3, 1976) is a Russian ice hockey coach. During 1994–1996 he participated in the Russian hockеy championship under H. C. Izhorets, Saint Petersburg (major league). He also participated in other hockеy league championships. He was a part of the 2005 Estonian hockеy championship winner team HC Stars of Tallinn (Professional league). Early life He started playing hockеy at age 6. He started his career with the sports club Svetlana, Leningrad. His first coach was A. N. Galushkin. He had successfully graduated from the University of Physical exercise and Sports, Saint Petersburg, under the specialty "Hockey coaching and hockey management". Apart from Russian, he is highly proficient in English and Spanish. Career He worked as Head coach of the club Silver Lions from 1995 till 2013. He also worked as the head coach of Mexico-Select during 1996-2001. He participated in several tournaments in Ottawa, Montreal and Lake Placid. From 1996-2001 he participated in tournaments in Russia, Helsinki, Sherbrooke, Los Angeles and Ottawa. (Bantam, HC Mexico-Select). After 2000, he coached multiple teams, including Europe Select (2011-2014), Russian select team of North-West (2011-2013), Silver Lions 98 (2005-2013) and HC Gladiator (2012-) He was the organizer and repeated winner of the traditional international tournament, with the best teams from Russia, USA, Canada, Finland, the Czech Republic and Belarus]] (2006-). Coaching statistics As a coach, he led teams to many championships, including: HC Gomel (Belaru (2007 and 2008) Open Championship of the Czech Republic (2006) Christmas tournament in Los Angeles (2007) Cup of Lions (finalist) Stockholm, (2009) Christmas Star Saint Petersburg (2009) Russia region of the Northwest (2007 - 2013) Interregional competition for the prize of "Gazprom Neft" (Salekhard (2009) Golden Stick AAA President's Day, Chicago (2010) Rebellion Open (finalist) Karlskrona, Sweden (2010) Bauer Invite Europe (finalist) Stockholm (2010) Christmas tournament for teams born in 1997, Saint Petersburg (2010) V Christmas Star, Saint Petersburg (2010) International Pee-Wee Hockey (quarterfinals), Quebec (2011) World Selects Invitational Prague (2012) Cup of the North-West Saint Petersburg (2012) Folke Filbyter Cup (FFC) Linköping (2012) World Selects Invitational U-16 (Maine) (2014) In Russian national hockey team U-17 players (Kirill Petskov, Georgiy Ivanov, Dmitriy Sokolov) trained by him are playing now. Players trained by him (Konstantin Chernyuk, Kirill Cherniavskiy, Yan Homenko, Kristian Afanasyev and Maxim Plekhov) participated and played on the Russian national hockey team last year. Gallery References Russian ice hockey players Russian ice hockey coaches 1976 births Living people
Bernard Claverie (born October 7, 1955) is a French cognitive scientist. He is full professor at the Polytechnical Institute of Bordeaux. In 2003 he founded the Institut de Cognitique and directed it for six years. In 2009 he founded the Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Cognitique ENSC, a French national engineering school and research center in applied cognitive sciences and cognitive technology. Early career Bernard Claverie obtained his PhD in human neurosciences in 1983 at the University of Franche-Comté in Besançon (France) and received his HDR (Accreditation to supervise researches) in 1987, as Doctor es sciences and as Doctor es letters and human and social sciences at the University of Bordeaux II. He graduated in Psychology with a license in General Psychology (1978) and a diploma in advanced studies in Psychological sciences and education (1980) from the University of Bordeaux II. He holds an International certification in Human ecology (1983) and a master's degree in clinical and pathological psychology oriented towards neuropsychology (2013). He founded the "human psychophysiology and experimental neuropsychology" laboratory (EA-487 - 1990) at the University of Bordeaux II, which he directed until 2006. At the same time, he was the founder and the co-director of the university diploma of medicine specialization in neuropsychological sciences of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Bordeaux II (1989-2009). He was appointed university professor on September 1, 1992 (decree of February 1, 1993, p. 2050), and he attained the rank of exceptional class professor on 2011. Career Bernard Claverie is a senior research scientist at IMS, a CNRS laboratory (UMR-5218) located at Bordeaux University. He is known for his work in cognitive psychophysiology during the first part of his career as a professor at the faculty of medicine of the University of Bordeaux II. During his tenure as director (founder in 2009 - director 2009–2019) of ENSC (a French Grande école dedicated to human and cognitive engineering), he became known for his work on explainable AI and on Human enhancement. With the directors of 5 other graduate schools of engineering, he co-founded the Polytechnic Institute of Bordeaux (2009) of which he was a member of the board of directors until 2019. Bernard Claverie was senior member and member of the scientific council of the Maison des Sciences de l’Homme d’Aquitaine from 2010 to 2020. Bernard Claverie supervised some twenty doctoral thesis (PhD) in psychology, cognitive sciences, or neuroscience engineering. He is the author or co-author of more than 100 scientific papers (1980-today), chapters and books. He given more than 50 scientific and public guest lectures and conferences. He became a senior expert for cognitive sciences and interdisciplinary research for the French Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Innovation. He collaborates with industry groups in the aerospace industry. His current research focuses on augmented collaborative work and on the human dimension of AI enhancement in human-machine teaming. As a private pilot (licence in 1973), he joined the citizen reserve of the French air force (OF5 in 2015), as such, he contributes to the work of the NATO Science and Technology Organization (Information systems technology panel). Since 2015 and his close collaboration with Denis Mercier, Supreme Commander of the NATO Allied Command Transformation, and his successor André Lanata, he has been working on the prevention of cognitive influence, which can be an invisible yet effective menace in cognitive warfare. Since 2019, he has been a member of the Academic Council of the École de l'air et de l'espace. Ideas and theoretical positions Bernard Claverie advocates a “humanistic approach” to cognitive technologies. In particular, he sets artificial intelligence in an evolutionary perspective as an extra-corporal extension of human cognition, that is a mere enhancement instrument. He opposes the idea of possible future autonomy for machines. His work on intra-cerebral psychophysiology (clínical event-related potentials, deep-potentials in epilepsy) and on physiological psychology (Wada test in preoperative explorations of the brain) has convinced him that the idea of a simple connection between technology and thought, without the brain as a biological interface was inconsistent. Inspired by Nicholas Agar, he recently 2021 developed an inventory of ethical positions in augmentation technology, organized into sealed compartments ('individual health', 'progress for humanity', 'sustainable environment', 'post-liberal position for the future'). Each of these categories is then modulated by a continuum of positions, i.e. neo-ludism, regulation, “laissez-faire”, liberal, market-oriented approach, the defense of any of these positions leading to dogmatism, thorough misunderstandings and conflicts with those in favor of another one. Inspired by his own academic background, deeply influenced by (French-origin) structuralism and cybernetics, he promotes a scientific and reasonable constructivism for the future of humanity. Distinctions Bernard Claverie is Commander of the Ordre des Palmes académiques (French Order of Academic Palms) since 2022 (Knight in 2003, Officer in 2019). In 2019, he reviewed the medal of honor of the Region Nouvelle Aquitaine. He has received several honors from the NATO Science and Technology Organization. On October 7, 2021, he was elected as an associated member of the Académie nationale des sciences, belles-lettres et arts de Bordeaux (National Academy of Sciences, Art and Literature of Bordeaux). Private life Born in a modest family of small traders and craftsmen, Bernard Claverie was raised in a great musical tradition. His mother, Josette Herald (1933-2022), was first prize for violin in the music and declamation competition of the Leopold-Bellan Association (higher level, 1950, Paris), and his father, Robert Claverie (1928-1997) was first prize for trumpet (1949) then prize for excellence (1950) from the Bordeaux music conservatory. Bernard Claverie is married to Véronika, and has two adult daughters : Camille and Cécile. In his spare time, he lives in the Pyrenees mountains, in the Aspe Valley. Selected works Books pp. 184 (out of print). pp. 232 (out of print). Cognitive Warfare: The Future of Cognitive Dominance, B. Claverie, B. Prebot, N. Buchler and F. Du Cluzel (Eds). Neuilly-sur-Seine, France: NATO Collaboration Support Office. 2022. ISBN 9789283723929 References 1955 births Living people Commandeurs of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques French cognitive scientists University of Bordeaux alumni Academic staff of the University of Bordeaux University of Franche-Comté alumni
Ruda Różaniecka massacre (; ) — execution of Ukrainians in Ruda Różaniecka (now - in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship of Poland), committed on October 10, 1944, by soldiers (military police) of the Milicja Obywatelska and local Poles, in retribution for the killing of Polish foresters & game keepers, resulting in the death of 33 Ukrainians (according to other sources - 32). Relatives of those killed only after the eviction learned about the fate of their loved ones, but do not know the place of their burials. Chronology of Events On October 9, 1944, on the dikes near the hamlet of Lubliniec Nowy – Ostrówka, the commander of the third swarm of Lubliniec self-defense pseudonym "Sasza" attacked a forester and three gamekeepers from Ruda Różaniecka, who went there in order to detect and punish the perpetrators of illegal logging. Three of them were abducted, while one managed to escape and inform the military police (MO) post in Ruda Różaniecka about the whole incident. All trace of the abductees was lost. The inhabitants of Ruda accused the Ukrainians from Lubliniec Nowy of the attack. As a result of the retaliatory action, which was carried out by the militia forces from the posts in Ruda Różaniecka, Cieszanów and Folwark, guided by the principle of collective responsibility, 35 hostages were abducted from Lubliniec Nowy. Soon, two people, including Father Kozenko, were released so that he could give the villagers an ultimatum. The condition of the ultimatum was the return of the kidnapped foresters before the end of the day. Otherwise, all the remaining hostages were threatened with execution (one of the hostages was killed while trying to escape near the ponds). The remaining Ukrainians were imprisoned at the MO station in Ruda Różaniecka. After the deadline for the ultimatum expired and the condition was not met, on October 10, 1944, all hostages were shot. The murdered were buried nearby in old trenches, after some time the bodies were dug up and moved to another, unknown place. The bodies have not been found to date. The symbolic grave of the murdered is located at the Greek Catholic cemetery in Lubliniec. Termination of the investigation By a decision of September 18, 2002, Elżbieta Barnas-Lubas, prosecutor of the Commission for the Investigation of Crimes against the Polish People in Rzeszów, terminated the investigation into the November 9–10, 1944 murder of 32 Ukrainians, residents of Lubliniec-Nowy, Lubliniec-Stary and nearby villages of Lubaczów County. The investigation established that Ukrainians were arrested by Milicja Obywatelska and the "security government" led by the head of the police department in Ruda-Ruzhanetska, who were beaten and shouted: "You, Ukrainian!". The bodies of the shot men, as well as women with children, were thrown to be torn to pieces by wild beasts. The prosecutor admitted that their only fault was that they were Ukrainians, that it was a well-planned action by the Polish leadership to oust the Ukrainians, and that it was a crime against humanity that has no expiration date. However, citing the lack of archival documents and the fact that some of the former police officers have already died, others cannot be traced, and those who are alive and who testify that they took part in the arrest say they have forgotten everything, the prosecutor stopped investigation into the murder. At the same time, the prosecutor did not find out who planned the murder and who committed it. See also Wierzchowiny massacre Sahryń massacre Pawłokoma massacre References Literature 1947. Пропам'ятна Книга / Зібрав та до друку зладив Богдан Гук. — Варшава, «Тирса», 1997. October 1944 events Massacres of Ukrainians during World War II Massacres in 1944 Poland–Ukraine relations Anti-Ukrainian sentiment in Europe Massacres of Ukrainians by Poles
The Texas Ranger is a 1931 American pre-Code Western film directed by D. Ross Lederman. Cast Buck Jones as Jim Logan, Texas Ranger Carmelita Geraghty as Helen Clayton Harry Woods as Matt Taylor Ed Brady as Nevady Nelson McDowell as 'High-Pockets' (as Nelson McDowel) Harry Todd as Lynn Oldring/Clayton Rider Billy Bletcher as Tubby Budd Fine as Henchman 'Breed' Bert Woodruff as Clayton, Helen's Father Silver as Silver, Jim's Horse References External links 1931 films 1931 Western (genre) films American Western (genre) films American black-and-white films 1930s English-language films Films about the Texas Ranger Division Films directed by D. Ross Lederman Columbia Pictures films 1930s American films
In mathematics, a function f is cofunction of a function g if f(A) = g(B) whenever A and B are complementary angles (pairs that sum to one right angle). This definition typically applies to trigonometric functions. The prefix "co-" can be found already in Edmund Gunter's Canon triangulorum (1620). For example, sine (Latin: sinus) and cosine (Latin: cosinus, sinus complementi) are cofunctions of each other (hence the "co" in "cosine"): The same is true of secant (Latin: secans) and cosecant (Latin: cosecans, secans complementi) as well as of tangent (Latin: tangens) and cotangent (Latin: cotangens, tangens complementi): These equations are also known as the cofunction identities. This also holds true for the versine (versed sine, ver) and coversine (coversed sine, cvs), the vercosine (versed cosine, vcs) and covercosine (coversed cosine, cvc), the haversine (half-versed sine, hav) and hacoversine (half-coversed sine, hcv), the havercosine (half-versed cosine, hvc) and hacovercosine (half-coversed cosine, hcc), as well as the exsecant (external secant, exs) and excosecant (external cosecant, exc): See also Hyperbolic functions Lemniscatic cosine Jacobi elliptic cosine Cologarithm Covariance List of trigonometric identities References Trigonometry
Lori Klein is an American politician from Arizona. A Republican, she formerly served in the Arizona Senate, representing the state's 6th district. She is currently the Arizona Republican National Committeewoman. Residence Klein currently resides in Anthem, Arizona. Legislative committee assignments Klein was involved with the following committees: Appropriations, Member Economic Development and Jobs Creation, Member Education, Member Finance, Member Government Reform, Vice Chair Professional experience Klein has had the following professional experience: Owner, Lori Klein and Associates, present Development, The Health Care Freedom Act, present Director of Development, Medical Choice for Arizona (Proposition 101), 2008 Executive Director, Medical Choice for Arizona (Proposition 101), 2008 Executive Director, Proposition 207, 2006 Spokesperson, Proposition 207, 2006 National Director of Development, Americans for Fair Taxation, 2002–2006 Executive Director, Taxpayer Protection Alliance, 1999–2000 Director of Public Affairs, Arizona School Choice Trust, 1998 Executive Director, Arizona School Choice Trust, 1998 Political experience Klein ran in the 2012 election for Arizona House of Representatives District 1. She was defeated by incumbents Karen Fann and Andy Tobin in the Republican primary on August 28, 2012. The general election took place on November 6, 2012. Redistricting moved Klein's home into the same district as Senate President Steve Pierce. Rather than face him, she decided to run in the Arizona House of Representatives. As a result, she lost the Republican primary to incumbents Andy Tobin and Karen Fann. Klein ran in the 2010 election for Arizona State Senate District 6. She defeated incumbent Republican David Braswell in the August 24 primary by a margin of 10,846–8,324. Klein then defeated Pat Flickner in the November 2 general election. Controversy Klein sparked a debate about Arizona's gun laws after allegedly demonstrating her .380 Ruger's laser sight by pointing it at the chest of a reporter during an interview. References External links Living people Republican Party Arizona state senators Women state legislators in Arizona Year of birth missing (living people) 21st-century American women
The Hunters is James Salter's debut novel and a tale of USAF fighter pilots during the Korean War, first published in 1956. The novel was the basis for the 1958 film adaptation of the novel starring Robert Mitchum and Robert Wagner with a different storyline. Under his birthname James A. Horowitz, Salter himself was a fighter pilot with the rank of captain who saw combat from February to August 1952. He kept a detailed diary of his tour and the novel closely follows a chronology of events he experienced as an F-86 Sabre pilot with the 4th Fighter-Interceptor Wing, based at Kimpo Air Base, Korea. Salter was 31 when he published the novel and made his protagonist the same age. He describes 31 as being "the end for him" as a fighter pilot: "...not too old, certainly; but it would not be long. His eyes weren't good enough any more. With an athlete, the legs failed first. With a fighter pilot, it was the eyes." Salter resigned from the Air Force soon after the publication of The Hunters to pursue an alternate passion, writing. Plot summary New to war On a frozen February evening in Fuchū, Japan, Captain Cleve Connell (Captain Cleve Saville in the original edition) restlessly waits for assignment orders completing his transfer to Korea. Billeted for four days in a warehouse, he has tired of seeing Tokyo – and of watching others come and go – and his clean laundry is nearly gone. He walks to dinner at the Officers Club reflecting on his ability as a flyer (he is a good one, with a reputation among his peacetime peers), his reluctance to leave the Air Force although pressured by civilian friends to do so, and his desire to test himself in combat. He senses that his feelings of time lost and lack of accomplishment are corrosive. He shares dinner with a fellow pilot en route to the war and while they are discussing women, the war in general, and the tedium of waiting, a group of loud young lieutenants enters the club. One stands out from the rest, however, emanating cool confidence amidst their obvious insecurity, and mildly harasses a pretty Japanese bar waitress. Cleve's companion chastises the lieutenant, who reluctantly backs down, resisting just enough that Cleve catches his name in the discussion: Pell. Cleve shrugs aside the episode and the next morning receives his orders. He arrives in Korea on a frigid afternoon and despite a feeling of exhilaration, his first impression of Korea is of a dreary, impoverished country made drearier by the slow-moving military bureaucracy. Assigned to an elite fighter wing at the primitive Kimpo air base, Cleve arrives to find it abuzz with an outgoing mission and talk of a bad end to a bad week: the leading ace in the wing has just been shot down and killed. He meets pilots he knew in Panama, just after the end of World War II, including Carl Abbott, now a major. Cleve is mildly shocked to find that his young comrade of just a few years ago now looks old, out of shape, and lacking in spirit. Though genuinely glad to see Cleve, Major Abbott's effectiveness as a combat pilot is gone; he has been put out to pasture and does not care. That evening, in the officers club, he greets his wing commander, Colonel Imil, a former squadron commander in Panama. Imil is a larger-than-life personality who shows off Cleve to the veterans as a "real fighter pilot", and enthusiastically introduces him to Colonel Moncavage, a former ace just returned to flying. Moncavage's cool response prompts Imil to goad him, revealing a competitive friction between the two commanders. Erosion of confidence Cleve is put through a brief period of training. One morning, he goes to the operations office to follow the progress of a mission over the radio. The operations officer is Desmond, another old friend. In their discussion, he learns that Desmond also feels that Abbott "doesn't have it any more" and the conversation turns to the quality of their MiG opponents. While nearly all are poor adversaries, a few are very good, particularly one nicknamed Casey Jones, the only MiG pilot to best Imil in a fight. Desmond reassures him that Casey Jones' distinctively black-striped MiG isn't seen on missions anymore, his tour apparently over. Cleve begins flying missions as Desmond's wingman. They encounter MiGs in large numbers on one mission and although seemingly everywhere, the clashes are so fleeting that Desmond's flight is unable to ever catch up to any. Cleve has a feeling afterwards that perhaps his flight was "playing it safe" and makes the mistake of saying so to Desmond, offending him. At the post-mission debriefing, they learn that a pilot, Robey, has claimed his fifth MiG. Another pilot asks Desmond, "Did he really get this one for a change?", prompting Desmond to relate to Cleve that Robey had once gotten Imil to cajole a reluctant wingman into confirming a kill he had not witnessed. Even so, Cleve notices that news of the fifth kill gets around quickly, and that he, like everyone else, feels a "mystic fulfillment" at being a part of the same fight. Imil makes Cleve a flight leader despite his having flown just eight missions. The flight consists of two veteran pilots, DeLeo and Daughters, and two untried replacements, Billy Hunter and Pettibone. All are aware of his reputation as a flyer and accordingly respectful, but it becomes apparent that he has been made flight lead because the flight has yet to shoot down any MiGs. Though nothing goes wrong in their first mission together, he is left with the strong feeling of a "wasted mission", until he learns that nobody in the wing saw any MiGs. Just as he is about to recover his good humor however, he encounters a new pilot in their barracks just assigned to his flight, Ed Pell, the loud lieutenant from Japan. Cleve is acutely disquieted. Pell upsets the balance of things; Cleve becomes uncomfortably aware that he is the leader, and much is expected of him. A quarter of the way through his tour, he has yet to engage in combat, and on days when the wing is in a fight, Imil chides him for missing it. Trapped by a feeling of helplessness, his growing self-doubt begins to gnaw away his confidence as he fears he is not just unlucky but possibly lacking something vital. The feeling worsens when Major Abbott, about to be exiled from the Wing, drops in to say goodbye and begins sobbing uncontrollably, possibly foreshadowing Cleve's own fate. Other missions go by without combat until one day Colonel Moncavage, who also had lacked success, shoots down two MiGs, eviscerating Cleve emotionally. Redemption and leave The bad feelings vanish when Cleve, with Billy Hunter on his wing, shoots down a MiG. Both exultant and relieved, he learns at debriefing that Pell, too, has shot down a MiG and almost gotten DeLeo killed in the process: DeLeo accuses Pell of flying off on his own in the middle of the fight and leaving his leader to the mercies of the enemy. Pell denies the accusation and Cleve tries to smooth over the situation as a misunderstanding in the heat of battle. He discovers that his redemption is short-lived when, five days later, a big fight occurs after Cleve left himself off the schedule. The doubt and ominous fear return immediately. Then he finds that Pell has shot down another MiG. DeLeo remains hostile and skeptical of Pell, but Daughters confirms the kill. The arrival of spring brings a long spell of bad weather that shuts down almost all combat missions. Cleve and DeLeo decide to go on leave to Japan "to enjoy civilization". The night before the leave they head into Seoul for a steak dinner at the plush officers club of Air Force Headquarters, where they run into Abbott who insists with a pitiful obsessiveness on hearing the details of Cleve's MiG kill. Cleve realizes that the other pilots hated Abbott because they saw themselves in him. Reaching Tokyo, their leave starts as a typical R&R with martinis and steak for breakfast, followed by an afternoon nap, then an evening of hopping from cocktail lounge to cocktail lounge. DeLeo disappears to make a phone call and while he's gone the fragrance of perfume from a passing woman makes Cleve realize that he has suppressed all physical desires. DeLeo has booked them a night at Miyoshi's, a well-known Soapland-style brothel, that is spent in samisen music, saki, the baths, and sex with two young Japanese women. Cleve waxes philosophically about such luxury in contrast to their spartan existence in Korea, and DeLeo warns him that while "trying" (to get MiGs) is enough for DeLeo, he knows it won't be enough for Cleve. The next night while making the rounds of the clubs, they run into a former friend of Pell's during cadet training, an obvious admirer whose drunken praise confirms all of Cleve's misgivings about Pell's deviousness and ambition, and he knows he has entered "a dark, ultimate battle." The next day, as a favor to his father, he searches for and finds Miyata, a Japanese artist, whose brother was a friend. Despite losing his life's work in the fire raids, Miyata is not only not bitter but seems above the miseries involved in living. They find a common interest in films and Miyata introduces Cleve to his daughter Eiko. He spends the next day with Eiko. She draws him out, asking him about his ambition. He replies that he has chased many ambitions of his own choosing but now has had one forced on him: to become an ace. He explains that he knows it is the result of a fatal pride but that flying fighters becomes first a sport and then a refuge. Finally he tells her that he wants to be remembered for something, a real performance akin to her aspiration to act in a great movie, and that in the final analysis his ambition is "Not to fail." Beyond that, he has no answers. With two days of his leave remaining, they make plans for the next day. Back at his hotel, he hears important news. There was a big fight the day before over the Yalu River, with eight MiGs shot down and three pilots lost, including Desmond. He feels sickened and helpless having missed it again, but there is more: Casey Jones is back. DeLeo tries to talk him out of it, but Cleve immediately goes back to Korea, followed by his reluctant, disgusted wingman. Challenged Cleve returns to Kimpo before dawn and puts his flight on the morning mission. In the locker room after the briefing, he is surly with Pell, who is not only cocky but full of suggestions on how the mission ought to be flown and somewhat contemptuous of its veteran pilots. In an ensuing dogfight, Cleve gets on the tail of a MiG, cripples it, and just as he is about to make the kill has to break off to rescue Pell, who mysteriously fell behind and is under attack by two other MiGs. One of the attacking MiGs spins out of control and crashes. Pell claims it as a kill. Pell has Imil's ear now, and despite the fact that his kill was confirmed only because of Cleve's corroboration, suggests that Cleve lacks the stomach for combat and leaves hanging in the air his belief that he (Pell) ought to be leading the flight. Later, he insinuates the same to Cleve and taunts him when rebuked. Behind his back, Pell undercuts Cleve with the other rookies of the flight. His resentment of Pell blinds Cleve to Pell's intentions when Daughters tries to support him, plus he is distracted by all the talk regarding Casey Jones. He wants to be free of competing for MiGs but he's only too aware that he's expected by everyone, even Daughters and DeLeo, to match Pell's accomplishments. Cleve's flight is scheduled for three missions the next day, a reconnaissance and two MiG sweeps. He assigns himself to the sweeps and puts Daughters, with Pell as wingman, on the early morning reconnaissance, where nothing is likely to happen. To his anguish, the recon flight is jumped by six MiGs and shoots down two. Worse, only three ships of the flight return. They ran into Casey Jones, DeLeo says, who had him cold a dozen times but never fired. Daughters — with only a handful of missions to go — was shot down in flames. Pell got both MiGs and DeLeo accuses him of failing to do his assigned job: warning Daughters that MiGs were behind him. Pell protests his innocence, but when Cleve tells him he's going to ground him for abandoning his leader, Pell just smirks confidently. Imil, caring only about MiG kills, supports Pell and angrily accuses Cleve of trying to wreck the outfit, insinuates that he's shirking combat, and says that he "and that Italian...have got it in for Pell". Cleve realizes he's lost Imil's support. Imil lionizes Pell, and when the new ace tries to ease his conscience with rationalizations of how Daughters might have gotten himself killed, Imil refuses even to listen. Pell is sent to Japan as a reward for making ace and, curiously, asks that Hunter and Pettibone accompany him. No one except Cleve realizes (or cares) that Pell is making them acolytes to undermine Cleve's authority. Cleve imagines Daughters' terror at being shot down, and in the realization of his own mortality, comes to believe that his salvation will be in killing Casey Jones. When Pell returns, now a celebrity, he holds court for the other pilots, using Hunter as his Boswell. Cleve comes to hate Pell in a way that seems to wipe out everything else from his life, and when Imil admits he was wrong and tries to apologize, Cleve doesn't back down from his desire to ground Pell, angering the colonel even more. DeLeo finishes his tour; two new pilots join the flight and immediately become Pell's disciples. Hunter, who has ambitions of his own, remains loyal to Cleve, but clearly admires Pell. The Hunters In June, when Cleve has only six missions remaining, the entire group is briefed for an anticipated huge air battle. A major attack on a North Korean dam has been ordered and hundreds of MiGs are expected to defend it. Every plane in the group is sent, but Cleve is put in the last flight, with Hunter as his wingman. Large numbers of MiGs react, yet the strike is unopposed. Cleve and Hunter, the last in the area, almost stay too long trying to make contact and start back low on fuel. Cleve spots four MiGs and heedless of his fuel state turns toward them. Unexpectedly four more appear above them and break into pairs; Hunter reports that the leader has black stripes. The MiGs try to corner them, but Cleve is determined to take the fight as far south as he can, in case the MiGs are also low on fuel. In their twisting, evasive turns they get off some bursts, descend to an altitude where their jets perform better, and the MiGs lose their advantage. Cleve seizes an opportunity and closes in behind Casey Jones. The fight becomes a battle of wills and descends near the ground, where Casey tries an impossible diving maneuver. Cleve somehow follows him through it and shoots him down. Their fuel tanks nearly empty, Cleve and Hunter climb to 40,000 feet to attempt to glide back to base, a too-common practice. He notifies Kimpo about their dire situation. Imil asks if they got any MiGs. Cleve tells him "they" got one. Out of fuel and without power, they try to land. Cleve makes it, but the less experienced Hunter stalls and crashes just short of the field. Imil wants to know about the kill; Cleve is intoxicated, knowing it was Casey Jones. Then he learns Hunter was killed in the crash and that his own gun camera failed to function. Imil laments there is no way to confirm the kill. Cleve tells him it doesn't matter; it was Casey Jones. Pell objects strenuously that there is no way to confirm the kill. Imil, who has proclaimed that no one less skilled than himself could ever get Casey, quickly agrees with Pell. Cleve responds in a way he had never conceived possible, and finds his destiny. "I can confirm it," he declares suddenly, "Hunter got him." Two missions later Pettibone loses sight of Cleve, who does not return to base. Pell, back after his seventh kill, tells a correspondent interviewing him that Cleve was one of the best, who taught him everything about air combat, but never got lucky himself. Cleve was like his brother. "But don't write any of that," he says. Characters Captain Cleve Connell (Saville in the original printing) – a career pilot, embarking on his first tour of combat duty after 7 years in the Air Force Cleve's flight members: Bert DeLeo – a career pilot from West Virginia in his late twenties Jim Daughters – a married reserve pilot and World War II veteran, once a high school coach, has the most missions Billy Hunter – brand-new, an artless Texas boy, but a capable flyer Pettibone – a new lieutenant, and a poor pilot Ed Pell – newly assigned, Pell calls himself "Doctor" and quickly shows a penchant for MiG-killing Colonel Dutch Imil – Cleve's wing commander, a World War II ace and hero Major Carl Abbott – a career pilot, World War II ace and former squadron mate Robey – a patronizing, newly minted ace in Connell's squadron Colonel Monk Moncavage – Group commander and second-in-command of the wing, newly returned to flying from a staff position Desmond – Connell's squadron operations officer Guthrie – a pilot from another squadron Miyata – a Japanese artist in his late 40es Eiko – Miyata's 19-year-old daughter and an aspiring actress Casey Jones – a legendary, much-feared MiG pilot whose aircraft is marked by five diagonal black stripes Note: these are the character names in the 1990s re-issue printings. Several names were changed from those used in the original edition. Style and theme Salter has been praised for his descriptions of flight in this novel, including comparisons to Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (New York Times Book Review), but until the next-to-last chapter, scenes involving flying are few and brief. Most of the progress of the narrative takes place in dialogue or in Cleve's impressions, where the journey is more through his soul than the combat missions. Salter's prose has been characterized as "spare... but also lush", and relies heavily on simile in descriptions of surroundings and impressions. He occasionally employs the patois of the air war in Korea to give the flavor of the experience, but does not use technical jargon at all. In the entire text neither the designation "F-86" nor the nickname Sabre are ever mentioned, the slang term "ships" used instead, and only once is "MiG" expanded to be "MiG 15" and that in a character's dialogue. In all flying scenes, the point of view is that of the pilots, not the airplanes, using the nominative pronoun "they". Salter's biographer William Dowie calls The Hunters a "variation on the theme of man's desire for glory in the face of death." In giving the MiG kill, which is his finding of glory, to Billy Hunter, Cleve transcends his own ambitions and finds instead something more "authentic": leadership, the part of himself he had feared was lacking." Dowie also notes that the protagonist of The Hunters was originally called "Cleve Saville," as is the main character of the film adaptation. When interest in Salter's earliest novels, unavailable for decades, resulted in a 1997 re-issue of the novel, Salter made several revisions, the main of which is changing Cleve's surname to "Connell" with no indication why this was done. Background and controversy As with many works based on personal and historical experience, interest has fostered speculation about real-life personalities providing the basis for characters. Salter as James Horowitz had been assigned to D Flight in the 335th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, which became one of the leading MiG-killing units in Korea while he was a member, scoring 28 victories. As described in the novel, Salter joined his flight before its members had registered any MiG claims but unlike the novel, flew as a wingman and not as leader until nearly the end of his tour. He acted as flight lead on July 4, 1952, however, his 89th mission, when he achieved his sole MiG kill. This occurred ten days after the attack on the Sui-ho Dam which provided the framework for the climax of The Hunters, although in the historical mission no MiG combat actually took place. Three of the eight pilots with whom Salter flew became aces, including 2nd Lt. James F. Low. He joined D Flight in April, about eight weeks following Salter, after the flight's pilots had begun racking up scores. The flight leader, Captain Philip E. "Casey" Colman, had a unique policy that allowed anyone in the flight to shoot MiGs, rather than only flight and element leads as was the common practice. Low appears to have taken advantage of that policy to his own aggrandizement. Almost from the beginning Low garnered a persistent reputation for breaking away from his formation to pursue MiGs; his element lead, future ace James H. Kasler, was nearly shot down when Low broke away during a dogfight to shoot down his first MiG. However, just as depicted in The Hunters, the 4th Wing's commander Colonel Harrison Thyng "went to bat for him" because he wanted results: MiG kills. Within a month Low had scored his fifth kill, the only second lieutenant in Korea to become an ace. A month after that, following his sixth kill, Low was sent back to the United States on temporary duty to lecture on the radar gunsight, of which he was undoubtedly an expert. When he returned to Korea in October he found himself something of a pariah among the new leadership in the 4th Wing. He shot down three more MiGs in Korea, then was sent home, and some pilots alleged it was for losing his wingman. When Salter wrote The Hunters, his use of Low as a model for Ed Pell was obvious, starting with the nickname "Doc" standing in for the self-ascribed moniker "Dad" used by Low. Controversy over the depiction remained subdued until release of the film, which transformed Pell's character into an immature but likeable pilot who redeems himself after his element lead is shot down while he was off chasing a MiG. F-86 aficionados sought to get the "whole story" and interviewed Low, who then got in his own shots. Low disparaged Salter as a poor fighter pilot, a "Hudson High boy" (West Point graduate) who had an aversion to combat and implied that Salter's dislike of him was his actual motivation for the Pell character. Whether consciously or not, this rebuttal mirrored the scene in the novel in which Pell disparaged Cleve to Imil: "I don't think he goes for this combat flying too much." The character of Dutch Imil is more difficult to pigeonhole, and like many fictional characters with real-life counterparts, apparently a composite. While Thyng was superficially similar to Imil in combat experience, and the tone of Salter's recollections in Gods of Tin and Burning the Days indicates at least an ambivalence of feeling toward Thyng, Salter flew many of his missions with the wing commander and clearly respected him. Moreover, Thyng was a small man physically (Salter says he "looked like a fading jockey"), and not given to bombast. Descriptively, Imil was based largely on Major Zane S. Amell, commander of the 335th FIS when Salter arrived in Korea, with whom Salter flew his first missions and who accompanied Salter to Japan on leave in April in a manner similar to DeLeo. In addition to the similarity of their names, Amell/Imil share identical physical and personality characteristics in Salter's writings. Like Cleve Saville, Amell did not "make a great mark as a (combat) pilot" but was well-liked and respected by his subordinates. The largely sympathetic character of Monk Moncavage is superficially based on Col. Walker "Bud" Mahurin, a noted World War II ace who like Moncavage took over the job of group commander about the time of Salter's arrival in Korea. Like Moncavage he had no kills in the 4th FIW, and had recently transitioned into jet fighters after several years of staff work, but unlike Moncavage he had been transferred from the other F-86 wing, where he had shot down 3 MiGs. Salter liked Mahurin and regularly mentioned him in his reminiscences. The communist ace Casey Jones was an "urban legend" that sprang up among U.S. pilots in Korea: "an exceptional non-Asian pilot, perhaps a former Luftwaffe pilot, who attacked lone F-86s in a MiG painted with... fuselage stripes". A pair of top-scoring Soviet Air Force pilots, Nikolay Sutyagin and Yevgeny Pepelyaev, both finished their missions only weeks before Salter arrived in Korea. Adaptations The Hunters was serialized in Collier's magazine in March 1956 before its first printing as a book. In 1958 the novel was adapted with significant plot and character alterations as a film released by Twentieth Century Fox. In particular, the characters of Cleve and Abbott have their ages, experience, and inner demons transposed to accommodate the use of Mitchum in the protagonist's role, but the screenplay also renders Pell a more sympathetic character, Moncavage a less sympathetic one, merges the other wingmen in Cleve's flight into as a single composite character (Corona), and invents a romantic triangle love interest for Mitchum. Notes Footnotes Citations References Salter, James (1956). The Hunters. New York: Harper Brothers (1st edition) 1956 American novels Novels set during the Korean War Novels by James Salter American novels adapted into films Aviation novels Harper & Brothers books Novels first published in serial form Works originally published in Collier's United States in the Korean War 1956 debut novels
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}); }); </script> </div> </div> </case> ```
```java package pcal.exception; import pcal.AST; /** * @author Simon Zambrovski * @version $Id$ / public class PcalTLAGenException extends UnrecoverablePositionedException { /* * @param message / public PcalTLAGenException(String message) { super(message); } /* * @param message * @param elementAt2 */ public PcalTLAGenException(String message, AST elementAt2) { super(message, elementAt2); } } ```
Events in the year 1916 in Belgium. Incumbents Monarch: Albert I Prime Minister: Charles de Broqueville Events 2–14 June – Battle of Mont Sorrel 19 September – Belgian forces occupy Tabora in German East Africa (East African campaign) 19 October – Cardinal Mercier protests the deportation of forced labourers to Germany. Publications Désiré-Joseph Mercier, A Signal of Distress from the Belgian Bishops to Public Opinion (London, Eyre and Spottiswood) Felix Timmermans, Pallieter Births 21 January – Renaat Van Elslande, politician (died 2000) 9 February – Gaston Van Roy, Olympic shooter (died 1989) 7 March – Marie-Thérèse Bourquin, lawyer (died 2018) 1 June – Jean Jérôme Hamer, cardinal (died 1996) 16 April – Richard De Smet, Jesuit (died 1997) 27 August – Robert Van Eenaeme, cyclist (died 1959) 7 September – Charles Vanden Wouwer, footballer (died 1989) 7 October – Léonce-Albert Van Peteghem, bishop of Ghent (died 2004) 10 October – Bernard Heuvelmans, cryptozoologist (died 2001) 18 October – Jacques Van Offelen, politician (died 2006) 28 November – Mary Lilian Baels, second wife of King Leopold III of Belgium (died 2002) 30 November – Andrée de Jongh, patriot (died 2007) 30 December – Robert-Joseph Mathen, bishop (died 1997) Deaths 4 January – Godefroid Kurth (born 1847), historian 12 March – Julien Davignon (born 1854), Catholic politician 1 April – Gabrielle Petit (born 1893), patriot 16 May – Émile Royer (born 1866), politician 1 June – François Stroobant (born 1819), lithographer 11 July – Rik Wouters (born 1882), painter 5 November – Antoon Stillemans (born 1832), bishop of Ghent 27 November – Émile Verhaeren (born 1855), poet References 1910s in Belgium
38 Special discography consists of 12 studio albums, four compilation albums, and four live albums. Additionally, they have released 25 singles. Albums Studio albums Live albums Compilation albums Singles Soundtrack appearances "Back to Paradise" (from Revenge of the Nerds II: Nerds in Paradise) (1987) "Teacher, Teacher" (from Teachers) (1984) "Trooper With an Attitude" (from Super Troopers) Video Albums Bootlegs 1977 My Father's Place, Old Roslyn 1977 1979 Rockin' in Old Roslyn 1980 Denver, Colorado 3/26/80 1984 Eldorado Road 1984 Wild Eyed and Live! in Long Island's Nassau Coliseum, July 1984 1987 Westwood One: Live at the Summit in Houston Texas 5-8-1987 1988 Memphis 1988 2000 Live in Concert (Memphis, TN) References Rock music group discographies
Nishijima (written: 西島 or 西嶋) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include: Gudō Wafu Nishijima (1919–2014), Japanese Zen Buddhist priest and teacher Hidetoshi Nishijima (actor) (born 1971), Japanese actor Hidetoshi Nishijima (politician) (born 1948), Japanese politician Hiroyuki Nishijima (born 1982), Japanese football player Katsuhiko Nishijima (born 1960), Japanese anime director Kazuhiko Nishijima (1926–2009), Japanese physicist Takahiro Nishijima (born 1986), Japanese singer and actor Yōsuke Nishijima (born 1973), Japanese professional boxer Japanese-language surnames
LBK refers to Linearbandkeramik or Linear Pottery culture, a European Neolithic archaeological horizon. LBK may also refer to: Landing Barge, Kitchen, a class of US Navy vessel Ljusdals BK, a bandy club in Sweden LBK, National Rail station code for Long Buckby railway station, England LBK, informal abbreviation for Lubbock, Texas Left Below Knee, a category of amputation Long Buckby railway station, station code Lake Bernadette Killas, a category of buds for life
Callancyla malleri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Ernst Fuchs in 1966. References Trachyderini Beetles described in 1966
Charles Wilton may refer to: Charles Henry Wilton (1761–1832), English violinist, singer, composer and teacher Charles Richard Wilton (1855–1927), South Australia journalist and literary editor
Mark Kemp (born April 10, 1960) is an American music journalist and author. A graduate of East Carolina University, he has served as music editor for Rolling Stone and vice president of music editorial for MTV Networks. In 1997 he received a Grammy nomination for his liner notes to the CD Farewells & Fantasies, a retrospective of music by '60s protest singer Phil Ochs. His book Dixie Lullaby: A Story of Music, Race and New Beginnings in a New South was published by Free Press/Simon & Schuster in 2004 and issued in soft cover by the University of Georgia Press in 2006. Kemp began his journalism career as a newspaper reporter at the Times-News (Burlington, North Carolina), and later as an editor at the science magazine Discover. In the late 1980s, he began writing for the alternative music and culture magazine Option. The Los Angeles-based publication was one of the chief chroniclers of the post-punk independent alternative rock, hip-hop, experimental jazz, electronica, and avant-garde music scenes, as well as a rich source of information on so-called world music. Kemp became the editor of Option in 1991, the year Nirvana's breakthrough album Nevermind stormed the pop charts. Option'''s visibility in the early '90s led to Kemp's hirings at Rolling Stone and MTV. During Kemp's tenure at Rolling Stone, several acts made first-time appearances on the magazine's cover including Beck, Marilyn Manson, The Prodigy and Sean Combs. Kemp also was responsible for assigning a controversial investigative cover story on Pearl Jam singer Eddie Vedder, reported by a team of three journalists, staff writers John Colapinto (now at The New Yorker), Matt Hendrickson (Garden and Gun) and Eric Boehlert (Media Matters), and without Vedder's cooperation. At MTV Kemp was part of a team responsible for launching the popular daytime music-video series Total Request Live; he also helped develop shows for MTV's sister station VH1. Kemp left MTV in 2000 to focus on writing his social/cultural memoir Dixie Lullaby, in which he revisited the southern rock of his youth and examined its social and psychological impact on young Southerners in the years following the civil rights movement. In 2002 he returned to his home state of North Carolina, where he served as entertainment editor of The Charlotte Observer and editor in chief of the alternative weekly Creative Loafing. From 2014 to 2016, Kemp served briefly as the editor of Acoustic Guitar (magazine) and SF Weekly in the San Francisco Bay Area, but returned to North Carolina where he serves as senior editor at Our State''. References Currin, Grayson. "Home is where the South is: A city boy returns to Dixie to reconnect with his music roots." Independent Weekly. September 15, 2004. Retrieved May 22, 2008 40th Annual Grammy Awards Coverage: Musical Theater, Film and Television, Box Sets and Writing. Hochman, Steve. "Pop Music; Cover boy." Los Angeles Times. November 17, 1996. Stout, Gene. "Rolling Stone tries to expose Vedder as 'master manipulator,' 'hustler.'" Seattle Post-Intelligencer. November 15, 1996. Pergament, Alan. "Buffalo kid before he became a star." The Buffalo News. December 15, 1999. Lawson, Kimberly. "Former EIC Mark Kemp named senior editor at Acoustic Guitar" Creative Loafing, November 6, 2013. Examiner staff. "New editor named for SF Weekly" San Francisco Examiner, January 16, 2015. External links Southern Roots and Healing: E-mail Interview with Mark Kemp, Rockcritics.com. Video interview with Mark Kemp about "Dixie Lullaby," Part 1 Part 2, Part3, Nashville Public TV's "A Word on Words" with John Seigenthaler. Radio interview with Mark Kemp about "Dixie Lullaby", North Carolina Public Radio station WUNC's "The State of Things," with host Melinda Penkava. Radio interviews with Mark Kemp and others on the state of the New South, Baltimore Public Radio station WTMD's "Clear Reception," with host Sheri Parks (Kemp is the second interview on this show.) Country music writer Chet Flippo on "Dixie Lullaby", CMT.com. Mark Kemp's Simon & Schuster Biography Dixie Lullaby page at University of Georgia Press 1960 births Living people American music critics American music journalists American newspaper editors East Carolina University alumni Writers from Charlotte, North Carolina People from Asheboro, North Carolina Journalists from North Carolina
Tepecik is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of İspir, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 75 (2022). References Neighbourhoods in İspir District
The Loughrea branch line was a railway line that opened in 1890 and closed in 1975. The 9 mile single track branch ran from the Attymon Junction on the Dublin to main line and terminated at . was the single intermediate stop. It was the last rural branch line to survive in Ireland. Services The branch had five round trip passenger services at its peak in 1895. Many would be mixed passenger and freight. Locomotives and Rolling Stock Steam Era Pictures exist of 2-4-0 and 0-6-0 engines in use on the branch. Dieselisation Era The branch was normally operated by a CIE 611 Class with a single passenger coach. When that locomotive was unavailable for servicing or maintenance a CIE 201 Class Metropolitan-Vickers or a CIE 141 Class would normally substitute. Exceptionally a CIE 001 Class could be used. References Further reading Railway lines opened in 1890 Closed railways in Ireland Transport in County Galway
A pager is a telecommunications device similar to a beeper, SMS client, or email appliance. Pager may also refer to: Computers Pager (GUI), the graphical user interface feature Terminal pager, a computer program used to view the contents of a text file People Antal Páger (actor) (1899–1986), Hungarian actor Devah Pager (1972–2018), American sociologist Antal Páger (canoeist), Hungarian canoer Pappu Pager, fictional character played by Satish Kaushik, in the Indian film Deewana Mastana (1997) Other uses PAGER (Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response), an earthquake monitoring system run by the US Geological Survey "The Pager", an episode of the American series The Wire Pager (company), an American mobile healthcare technology company Pager Publications, Inc., an American medical education literary organization Pager River, the river in northern Uganda See also Page (disambiguation) Paging, a computer memory management scheme
The Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, popularly referred to as the Synod on the Family, took place from 4 to 25 October 2015 with the theme of "the vocation and mission of the family in the Church and in the contemporary world." It was "reflect[ing] further on the points discussed" at the 2014 Third Extraordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops "so as to formulate appropriate pastoral guidelines" for the pastoral care of the person and the family. The 2014 assembly of the synod, called to define the status quaestionis (current situation) and to collect the participants' experiences and proposals, can be understood as a preparation for the 2015 assembly, but they are meant to "form a single organic unity." It took place in the Synod Hall in the Paul VI Audience Hall in Vatican City. Background A preparatory session of the synod was held in 2014 to set the stage for the larger 2015 assembly. Called by Pope Francis, it was meant to "continue the reflection and journey of the whole Church, with the participation of leaders of the Episcopate from every corner of the world," and to be the first of "two stages, forming a single organic unity" with the 2015 assembly. Pope Francis described the 2014 assembly by saying that none of the Synod Fathers "questioned the fundamental truths of the Sacrament of Matrimony, namely: indissolubility, unity, fidelity, and openness to life. This was not touched." He added, however, that there was a difference between doctrine and discipline. While not mentioning Communion specifically, he said that the Church should "open the doors a bit more" and allow divorced and remarried Catholics to participate in the life of the Church. Cardinal Christoph Schönborn, a participant in the 2014 session, compared the discussions at the Synod to a situation in which a mother says: "Watch out, be careful", and the father says: "No, that's fine, go ahead." Francesco Miano, a lay participant, said there was a tension between truth and mercy. Pope Francis said that the media coverage of the 2014 Synod "was often somewhat in the style of sports or political chronicles: often there was talk of two teams, for and against, conservatives and progressives." He added that "there was no clash between factions, as in a parliament where this is licit, but [instead] a discussion between bishops." The fifth ordinary session of the Synod of Bishops, held in 1980, was the last held on the topic of the family. It resulted in the Apostolic Exhortation Familiaris Consortio. According to Cardinal Lorenzo Baldisseri, Secretary General of the Synod of Bishops, the "social framework has completely changed" since that time. He added that "there are new situations that must be faced, not avoided.... Some of these situations never occurred before; they need a doctrinal deepening and pastoral courage to find proper solutions, always respecting truth and charity." Preparation An extraordinary consistory of the cardinals took place in February 2014. It began with a speech by cardinal Walter Kasper; this speech served as basis for discussions at the Synods of Bishops on the Family. The synod's ordinary council met on 19–20 November 2014, to begin planning for the 2015 Synod. At the meeting they discussed publishing daily summaries of bishops' remarks so as to avoid confusion and allow for transparency. They also discussed making the committee which will draft the synod's report "more representative of the world" than was the case at the 2014 assembly. Baldisseri said the time in between the two sessions is "the most important." A lay-led novena of Eucharistic adoration took place on the first Thursday of each month for the nine months leading up to the synod. In addition to the report on the 2014 session, a questionnaire for the laity was distributed to bishops conferences, the Synods of Eastern Catholic Churches, the Union of Religious Superiors, and the dicasteries of the Roman Curia around the world on 9 December 2014. Together they form a preparatory document for the synod, known in Latin as a lineamenta. In addition to the laity questionnaire, study groups were assembled in Rome to consider "the most sensitive issues," especially homosexuality and admitting divorced and remarried Catholics to the Eucharist. The statement accompanying the lineamenta asked bishops to conduct "an in-depth examination of the work initiated" at the 2014 session, and to avoid "starting over from zero." It also "stressed the need for mercy in responding to such difficult situations – even asking the bishops to avoid basing their pastoral care solely on current Catholic doctrine." The lineamenta included numerous quotations from Francis' apostolic exhortation Evangelii gaudium, with a particular emphasis on mercy and on being a church that goes to the peripheries of society. The council of the Synod of Bishops met with Pope Francis from 25–26 May 2015 to review the responses received. The synod's general secretary reviewed them all, and incorporated them into a document that was used for the 2015 assembly. Pope Francis also gave a series of catechetical sessions with the theme of the family in 2014 and 2015. Questionnaire for the laity The 46 questions in the lineamenta covered many of the same topics as the questionnaire sent out in advance of the 2014 Synod. They asked about "all aspects of the promotion of authentic family values, the training of clergy in family ministry, the way the Church can be more present among those living far away from the Christian faith, and the care of families that are wounded and fragile." "How would it have been possible to talk about the family without engaging families, listening to their joys and hopes, their pain and anxieties?" Pope Francis asked. Questions about same-sex marriage, divorce and remarriage, contraception, and cohabitation outside marriage were included, but "the wording was designed to make clear that the basics of Catholic doctrine aren’t in doubt." The Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops stressed that the questionnaire is a way for gather pastoral insights, but not a survey or poll of the opinion of Catholics. The questionnaire was divided into three sections based on the final report of the 2014 assembly. Catholics "at all levels," including "particular churches and academic institutions, organizations, lay movement and other ecclesial associations," were invited to participate. A few days before the questionnaire was released, Pope Francis had implored theologians to listen to the faithful, and to "open their eyes and ears to the signs of the times." It has been said that Pope Francis "has been listening to the faithful and trying to break through any ecclesiastical shells that can form around the curia. His desire to consult with not just with bishops but also the lay faithful, on these important family matters on how we can support family life and reach out and show support, is quite striking." Baldisseri called for Catholic lay movements to help suggest solutions to the issues facing family life in the modern world, and to help to care for those families which are broken or wounded. Mike Phelan, director of the Office of Marriage and Respect Life for the Diocese of Phoenix, said the purpose of the survey was to determine what the Church needs to do "to support families that are deeply broken and deeply suffering," adding that "We need to be radically creative with how we go to where families actually are. So many families hurting, and how do we actually reach out to them?" The surveys were to be returned by 15 April 2015, so that the results could be included in the working document for the 2015 session of the synod, known as the Instrumentum laboris. The synod office sent them directly to dioceses, but the responses were to be funneled back to Rome through episcopal conferences. Dioceses may also use the responses in their own planning processes. Adaptations The synod office asked that the lineamenta, including the questionnaire, not be "altered in any way." Despite this, many dioceses, parishes, and other groups did so. It was estimated to take between two and five hours to answer all the questions in the original. Translation from the original Italian also changed the syntax of the questions, making a clear understanding more difficult. Given the length and complexity of the questions, some bishops counseled that respondents "are not expected to answer all of the questions" and requested that they focus on those most important or pertinent to them. Diocesan adaptations The Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops offered a rewritten version to "more easily facilitate any consultations dioceses may undertake," and the Archdiocese of Boston condensed the 46 original questions into six broader questions. They also created a website for the synod, www.Synod2015.org, with videos for each of the six broad questions and other resources. The Archdiocese of Philadelphia received very few responses to the questionnaire, which was published as originally transmitted from the Vatican. The neighboring Diocese of Camden, on the other hand, "took the whole thing apart" and "translated it into [understandable] English," and received a much higher response rate. Some bishops, such as William Medley of the Diocese of Owensboro, held town hall meetings with local Catholics to get their opinions on the issues raised in the lineamenta. The Southern African Catholic Bishops’ Conference placed their own questionnaire online with questions that are particular to African families, such as the problem of child-headed families. The Bishops' Conference of France's Family and Society Council prepared a theological analysis of single Catholics, a demographic they say was overlooked by the 2014 assembly of the synod. Other adaptations The Association of U.S. Catholic Priests sent the questionnaire to their members, asking members to rank the questions in order of importance, and to answer those they felt were the most important. They later extended the invitation to all priests in the United States. The group Catholic Church Reform International produced a 20 question "alternate" survey, saying that "the [original] questionnaire is far too complex and, with its abstract language and juridical views of marriage, it is largely incomprehensible to even the most well educated Catholics." Call to Action called the language of the questionnaire "hard to get into" and released their own version that was not as "prescriptive" as that the simplified version produced by the bishops of England and Wales. Responses In France, over 10,000 responses were received. Germans believed that the questions focused too heavily on an idealized version of the family, and not one that reflected the lived experience of most German Catholics. The 17-page report from the German bishops conference, which summarized over 1,000 pages of responses, said the questionnaire lacked "appreciative language for relationships which neither corresponded to the Church’s ideals nor were definitely orientated towards marriage and the family." A study of the University of Münster with participants from 42 countries showed many Catholics wished for reforms of Catholic doctrines, especially regarding sexuality. The umbrella of Catholic youth work in Germany "BDKJ" released a youth friendly edition of the official questionnaire. The questionnaire was answered by about 10,000 young Catholics living in Germany. For a majority of the interviewees, premarital sex as well as contraception and birth control was compatible with their personal religious beliefs. Furthermore, a majority wished equality for homosexual partnerships and a more sympathetic treatment of divorced people. Other events Other family-related events took place between the 2014 and 2015 assemblies of the synod. These included the 2015 World Meeting of Families in Philadelphia which "enrich[ed] the context and reflections" of those who attended both. In addition, an interfaith conference on the "Complementarity of Man and Woman" at the Vatican was held in November 2014, and an International Conference of family and life movements was sponsored by the Pontifical Council for the Family. The European Conference on the Family had the theme "Between Two Synods: Journeying Together." The Archdiocese of Detroit, along with Courage International and others, hosted a conference in August 2015 "exploring some of the complex challenges the Catholic Church faces in ministering to those with same-sex attraction." At the end of the conference, summaries of the speeches and presentations given were compiled in a book form and sent to the synod fathers. In addition, a study day was held in May 2015 that brought together 50 bishops, theologians, Curia officials and a few journalists. They discussed the issues expected to be raised at the 2015 session of the synod. Statements made in advance of the Synod Catholic individuals and groups from around the world made statements, wrote open letters, signed petitions, and gave speeches in advance of the 2015 assembly in an effort to let their voices be heard. Rev. Federico Lombardi, director of the Holy See Press Office, said that anyone who has "any request or proposal on the synod can naturally submit it" to the Synod Secretariat. From Pope Francis Pope Francis said that in advance of the 2015 session of the synod, the Church "needs prayers, not gossip." He especially asked those "who feel alienated or are not accustomed to praying" to pray for the synod fathers. Regarding the hot button issues that the synod would discuss, he said that "I believe that there are disproportionate expectations," and later added that the synod fathers would work on the many difficult issues facing families. Again asking for prayers, he said he wanted Christ to "take what might seem to us impure, scandalous, or threatening, and turn it into a miracle". Pope Francis also declared a special jubilee Year of Mercy that would begin shortly after the synod opened. This was seen by some "as a motion by Francis to focus the minds of the Synod Fathers on a 'merciful' solution for divorced and remarried Catholics." From laity A petition given the title of a "filial appeal" was signed by cultural conservatives around the world including Cardinal Raymond Burke, Chilean Cardinal Jorge Arturo Medina Estévez, and former U.S. presidential candidate Rick Santorum. It asked Pope Francis to reaffirm "categorically the Catholic teaching that divorced-and-civilly-remarried Catholics cannot receive holy Communion and that homosexual unions are contrary to divine and natural law." it had been signed by 72,000 people. Others called for the 2015 session of the Synod to provide the faithful with "more than pious advice, like 'the family that prays together, stays together,'" and to address issues facing current realities in the West such as teens who get pregnant or impregnate another before they have the education and job skills to support children, and government policies that discourage marriage. A group of progressive Catholic organizations called for a more diverse collection of lay members at the 2015 assembly of the synod, specifically asking for divorced and remarried people, cohabitating couples, interfaith families, impoverished families, single parents, families with lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender members, same-sex couples, and families torn by the violence of war and abuse to be invited. From clergy French Archbishop Georges Pontier said Pope Francis did not want the 2015 session of the Synod to merely repeat familiar church teachings. Baldisseri commented that "We want to discuss things not in order to call things into doubt, but rather to view it in a new context and with a new awareness." He added that it would be "senseless" to hold another assembly of the Synod to just repeat existing Church teaching. Cardinal Donald Wuerl believed that "If your starting point is ‘We already have the answers,’ this process becomes difficult to deal with," and that Pope Francis "is saying, ‘We have the revelation, but we don’t have the application for all times.'" Cardinal Walter Kasper said that "a battle is going on" in the Synod Fathers' deliberations, but British Cardinal Vincent Nichols challenged that metaphor. Nichols said that it was wrong to look at it as "a battle between contesting sides. Battles have winners and losers. And often ‘collateral damage’ is the most tragic consequence of hostilities." He instead called it "a time of prayerful discernment." Argentine Cardinal Luis Villalba, a friend of Pope Francis', believed that "There are different accents, perspectives, and this is good. These might change, but doctrine will remain the same." US Cardinal Daniel DiNardo did not believe that divorce, contraception, and homosexuality are "the most significant issues" the 2015 session of the synod will take up, but will be played up in the media. Cardinal Wilfrid F. Napier said many African bishops want to focus on the positive, and emphasize that there are good marriages and families before getting sidetracked in other issues. Baldisseri added that he hoped the 2015 assembly of the synod would "listen to couples in irregular situations." A public letter from priests in England and Wales calling on the synod fathers not to make any changes regarding Communion for the divorced and remarried was signed by 461 priests. More than 500 members of the laity then wrote a letter to the editor of the same publication supporting the priests. Nichols responded by saying that while the opinion of the priests was important and welcome, they should not be attempting to communicate with their bishops through the press. The same statement was subsequently signed by nearly 1,000 priests in the United States, including seven bishops, three active and four retired. Divorce and remarriage Ho Chi Minh city's Archbishop Paul Bùi Văn Đọc called the problem of Communion for the divorced and remarried "knotty," and said the issue required striking a balance between "truth and charity." Bishop Charles Drennan from New Zealand, however, cautioned that any proposal based on mercy should not come at the expense of "the recognition of what is true." Archbishop José María Arancedo of Argentina said that "there might be an opening on the issue of the divorced and remarried." Nichols has publicly supported allowing divorced and remarried Catholics to receive Communion after completing a "demanding penitential" process. Archbishop Charles Palmer-Buckle of Ghana supported allowing individual bishops to make decisions about divorced and remarried Catholics on a case by case basis. The Church in Africa, he said, must minister to many who were in a polygamous relationship before becoming Catholic. This position was supported by Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle of the Philippines, who said that since "every situation for those who are divorced and remarried is quite unique" that the Church "cannot give one formula for all." Palmer-Buckle later was quoted as saying that the Church could take a Protestant approach and use "the power of the keys" to allow individuals to remarry. He noted that the particular passage of the Bible which he was using as a justification (Matthew 16:19) had never been applied to marriage before, and said his "interpretation" was "daring." The Canadian bishops said that the 2014 assembly of the Synod "clearly opted for a pastoral approach that accents the positive: accompaniment, mercy, and the goodness of the good news." They added that "too often the teaching of the church is understood as a set of rules imposed from without or as a code of conduct considered by many to be out of touch with modern reality." However, Polish Archbishop Henryk Hoser said that these proposals have "betrayed" the vision Pope John Paul II set forth in his 1981 apostolic exhortation, Familiaris consortio. Homosexuality Palmer-Buckle said he hopes the Church in Africa learns from the Church in Europe in becoming more welcoming towards homosexuals. He said he worried that "many [would] like to make the ‘voice of the media’ the ‘voice of the Church.’" Process Saying they have put together a "new methodology" which was personally approved by Pope Francis, Vatican officials announced a few days before the opening Mass that the 2015 assembly of the synod would be run differently than those in the past. The synod was structured into three mini-ynods, one a week, for the three-week duration. In week one, the bishops discussed challenges facing the family, in week two the topic was the vocation of the family, and the final week was devoted to the mission of the family today. Unlike at the 2014 session of the synod, a midterm report was not be produced. Instead, each week began with speeches of up to 3 minutes and ended with discussions in one of 13 small groups of about 30 people, including laity, organized by language. With the growing number of bishops in the world, and correspondingly the increased size of the 2015 assembly of the synod, the amount of time each was allowed to speak was reduced. Prior to 2005, each speaker could command the podium for eight minutes, and in 2008 it was reduced to five. The Synod did not have an interim report. The small groups, which include lay men and women, elected their own chairmen and moderators. At the end of the three weeks, the bishops would vote on a final document. The full text of each small group's report would be publicly released by the Vatican, but individual bishop's speeches would not be. Some bishops made their statements publicly available at their own initiative, and the comments of the married couples who spoke were released. Bishops used social media tools such as Facebook, Twitter, and blogs, to make points and explain happenings. Daily updates were provided to the media by participants, and a dedicated space was provided to allow the press to interview bishops. Instrumentum laboris The Instrumentum laboris, or working document, for the 2015 session of the synod was released on 24 June 2015. While reiterating the Church's longstanding position on marriage and sexuality, it called for a different, more welcoming way to articulate those teachings: "It is necessary to adopt a style of communication that is clear and inviting, open and not moralizing, judgmental, and controlling, which witnesses to the moral teaching of the Church while at the same time remaining sensitive to the situation of each individual person." While describing "cultural and social crises" affecting families, the instrumentum laboris also kept open the possibility for divorced and remarried couples to return to the sacraments. It discusses bioethics, abortion, and violence against women. On the topic of homosexuals, it says they "ought to be respected in his/her human dignity and received with sensitivity and great care in both the Church and society." It added that there were no grounds to consider the unions of two members of the same gender as equal to marriages, and that it was unacceptable for international aid organizations to make acceptance of gay marriage a prerequisite for financial assistance. Baldisseri said that the questionnaire sent to Catholics around the world was "extremely useful" in preparing the instrumentum laboris. Outside organizations Catholic advocacy groups had presences in Rome, trying to influence the decisions of the synod. Gay Catholics, women theologians, and African bishops opposed to homosexuality were some of the most prominent groups lobbying the synod fathers. Courage International and Ignatius Press sponsored an event at the Angelicum on homosexuality that featured Synod fathers Robert Sarah and George Pell. The Global Network of Rainbow Catholics also held an event that they said hoped would bring "LGBT voices to the Synod" at the Centre for Pilgrims Santa Teresa Couderc. A conservative group, worried that there was a "pre-determined outcome that is anything but orthodox," started an online petition calling on any "faithful" bishop to "do his sacred duty and publicly retire from any further participation in the synod before its conclusion." This call for a walkout was rejected, with conservative Cardinal Pell saying that the concerns some had at the beginning of the assembly have "substantially been addressed." Issues Early statements Pope Francis opened the assembly with "a stirring defense of traditional marriage," while at the same time saying that the Church must be merciful and compassionate to all, including those who have fallen short of the Church's teachings. He also decried the decline of marriage, saying that it "is increasingly viewed as a quaint relic of the past." He paid particular attention to the developed world, saying those countries had the lowest birth rates and the highest percentages of abortion, divorce, and suicide, as well as social and environmental pollution. At the opening Mass, Francis called on members of the Church to defend faithful love, the sacredness of every life, and the unity and indivisibility of marriage, but coupled that with a call for charity, and not judgement, for those who do not live up to that standard. He also said he was saddened by the lonely, and particularly the elderly, as well as widows, those abandoned by their spouse, refugees, and the youths who he said are victims of a culture of waste. He told the synod fathers that they should not be swayed by "passing fads or popular opinions." The following day, during the first session, Francis told the bishops that the synod was not a parliament where deal-making was accepted, but that the "lone method in the synod is to listen to the voice of the Holy Spirit." He also told them that they should have apostolic courage, evangelizing humility, and trusting prayer. He warned the assembled bishops against the "hardening of some hearts, which despite good intentions keep people away from God," but also that the synod should "not let itself be intimidated by the seductions of the world and passing fads." Hungarian Cardinal Péter Erdő, the synod's general relator, also spoke on the first day, drawing lines in the sand defending traditional positions on topics such as homosexuality, divorce, and contraception. In his 7,000 word address, Erdő said that there are numerous negative forces facing families today, including poverty, war, and climate change, and added “anthropological change,” by which he meant moral relativism and individualism. Erdő added that all people must be respected in their dignity, and that the Church should minister to all, but also that when Jesus forgave sinners, he also told them to "go and sin no more." It was noted that the content of the speech was consistent with his previous positions, but he delivered it so ardently that he seemed to be trying to set the tone for the rest of the assembly. In a media briefing after the first day, Cardinal Andre Vingt-Trois of Paris said those who expected radical changes to Church teaching would be "disappointed." Italian Archbishop Bruno Forte agreed, saying that it was "about pastoral attention, pastoral care" for families, but added that the "Church cannot remain insensitive to the challenges ... the synod doesn't meet for nothing." A total of 72 participants spoke in the first two days. Marriage Despite their differences on some issues, it was said that there was "great unanimity" among the synod fathers on the "growing difference between the cultural vision of marriage and family life and what the church proposes and teaches." Diarmuid Martin said that the Church needs "to find a language which is a bridge to the day-to-day reality of marriage – a human reality, a reality not just of ideals, but of struggle and failure, of tears and joys." One small group added that the church needs to be sensitive to the many sacrifices and struggles family make. Cardinal Philippe Ouedraogo of Burkina Faso said it was fundamental that the "church has a big, large open door where everyone can go and enter with all their problems." Divorced and civilly remarried Catholics Pope Francis, in unplanned remarks on the second day, made two points regarding marriage. First, he said that the Church's doctrine on marriage was not going to be changed, and that the previous assembly of the Synod did not propose changing it. Secondly, he warned his brother bishops not to "reduce their horizons" by boiling the synod down to a single yes or no vote on whether divorced and remarried Catholics can be readmitted to the Eucharist. Archbishop Mark Coleridge of Australia said at the beginning of the assembly that he estimated 65% of bishops were opposed to allowing remarried Catholics to the sacrament, with 35% in favor. Other bishops discussed allowing individual bishops conferences to determine their own pastoral practice with regard to divorced and remarried Catholics. Coleridge said he believed that proposal had closer to 50% support. German Archbishop Heiner Koch said that most people he spoke to understood the admittance of remarried Catholics to the Eucharist as a matter of charity and mercy, not of the indissolubility of marriage. A German language small group proposed having divorced and civilly remarried Catholics deal with the Communion issue in the "internal forum," meaning privately with a confessor or bishop, as opposed to in an "external forum," like an annulment hearing. Several groups proposed a special papal commission to give the issue further study. Marriage preparation Speeches were also given stressing the need for better marriage preparation, as well as support for married couples after the wedding. The reality that many young people are pushing back marriage, or not marrying at all, was also acknowledged. Given the complexities of the situation, one group called for more attention to the issues and many called for better marriage preparation programs. One Synod father mentioned the need for a better approach to pastorally care for those who cohabitate before marriage. Koch spoke about the large numbers of unmarried couples who live together because they do not see marriage as important. One small group recommended that a process be instituted for civilly married or cohabitating couples to be led to the Sacrament of Marriage. Koch added that there was a need to focus on couples where one spouse was Catholic and the other was Protestant. Sexuality Several bishops, who are male celibates, said on the floor that they needed the assistance of married couples to help them better understand sex and marital intimacy. At least one said parents often don't teach their children about sex, and the Church is not filling this void by "present[ing] the good news of human sexuality as a pathway of love, not sin." Auditor Sharron Cole, president of Parents Centres New Zealand, said it was due time "the Church re-examine its teaching on marriage and sexuality, and its understanding of responsible parenthood, in a dialogue of laity and bishops together." Another auditor, Luis Rojas, who participated in the synod with his wife María Angélica, told the synod fathers that "It’s not easy to carry out a marriage, a family, to begin with, and today it’s harder than ever." He added that the Church needs to do a better job preparing young couples for marriage, but defined the Church as laity and clergy alike. Other issues Archbishop Eamon Martin, also of Ireland, said the Church needs also to minister to families who have suffered from domestic violence, "those for whom the proclamation of what we call the 'good news of the family' may mean little or nothing." It was noted that in different regions of the world families faced different issues. Some areas have many divorced and civilly remarried couples, it was said, while others face a culture that allows polygamy. More positive language Many Synod fathers stressed the need for the Church to speak in a tone that was positive, clear, simple, and which upheld the ideal family life as one that was obtainable. Irish Archbishop Diarmuid Martin said that "repeating doctrinal formulations alone will not bring the gospel and the good news of the family into an antagonistic society. We have to find a language which helps our young people to appreciate the newness and the challenge of the gospel." Australian Archbishop Mark Coleridge agreed, saying "crude and bleak readings" of modern society "are not what the doctor ordered." In one press briefing, Coleridge said that this assembly of the synod was shaping up as a "language event," meaning that the Church does not betray its doctrine, but that it changes the vocabulary used to make the Church more accessible and capable of dialogue. He was among the first to use specifics when discussing how the Church could use more positive and welcoming language that would communicate Church teachings in a contemporary context. Italian Archbishop Vincenzo Paglia, president of the Pontifical Council for the Family, said "it became clear [during the Synod] that there’s a need for a new alliance between the family and the Church to proclaim the Gospel in our time," adding that it would require avoiding "ecclesiastical gobbledygook." Many participants tried to steer the conversation away from families who have not lived up to the Church's teachings, and to instead focus on those who were trying to live their familial lives in accordance with the Church. One small group called for a new way of discussing the indissolubility of marriage as a gift and not a burden. In particular, Coleridge asked if the synod could "find a language that is in fact positive, less alienating, less excluding." He mentioned the "indissolubility" of marriage, the "intrinsically disordered" nature of homosexual acts, calling divorce and civil remarriage "adultery," and the old maxim of "love the sinner but hate the sin" as phrases that could be updated. Archbishop Charles Chaput said that precision in language was of great import, especially when speaking of "inclusion" and "unity in diversity." A common theme from the small groups was that the Instrumentum Laboris was too negative in tone, perhaps giving a sense of "pastoral despair," and that many families are able to live out their lives in the Christian tradition. The bishops wanted the discussion to make clear that the realization of Catholic teaching on marriage and the family is something within the reach of ordinary people. One group said the final report "should begin with hope rather than failures, because a great many people already do successfully live the Gospel’s good news about marriage." Gay Catholics The rejection of "exclusionary language" towards gays was a topic of discussion. One Synod member, who was not publicly identified, said that gay Catholics "are our children. They are family members. They are not outsiders. They are our flesh and blood. How do we speak about them [positively] and offer a hand of welcome?" According to Coleridge, there was strong support in the early days of the assembly for using a "less condemnatory approach," especially regarding language, when pastorally caring for and speaking about gay Catholics, on the order of 70% in favor and 30% opposed. Chaput echoed this thought in an interview, saying that the phrase "intrinsically disordered" turns people off and "probably isn’t useful anymore." While making clear that any new language adopted should make clear the Church's teaching, he said that this particular phrase should be put "on the shelf for a while, until we get over the negativity related to it." Diarmuid Martin also told the assembly that the successful campaign in his country to legalize gay marriage used "what was traditionally our language: equality, compassion, respect and tolerance." At least one small group called for a special assembly of the Synod to deal with issues related to homosexuality. Decentralization Pope Francis called for a church that was far more decentralized on the 50th anniversary of the establishment of the synod. He quoted his own Evangelii Gaudium in saying that "It is not advisable for the pope to take the place of local bishops in the discernment of every issue which arises in their territory." While Francis did not speak specifically about whether divorced and civilly remarried couples could be reintroduced to the Eucharist, many other bishops did. Others also discussed decentralizing authority from Rome and giving local Churches and episcopal conferences more authority to determine their own practices. According to one count, there were roughly 20 speeches in favor of letting local bishops conferences decide what was the best way to offer pastoral care for Catholics who have fallen short of Church teaching, while only two or three opposed it in the first two weeks of speeches. Those in favor argued that the cultural context of each region or country may call for a different response. Opponents argued for unity, saying that there should be a universal approach to significant doctrinal matters. Others have spoken about having regional or continental gatherings of bishops to discuss issues before formal assemblies of the synod in Rome. Women Canadian Archbishop Paul-Andre Durocher called on the participants of the Synod to reflect on the possibility of allowing for female deacons as this would open up more opportunities for women in church life. Furthermore, where possible, qualified women should be given higher positions and decision-making authority within church structures and new opportunities in ministry, Durocher said. Sister Maureen Kelleher, an American nun, noted that at a 1974 assembly of the synod there were two women religious invited, and in 2015, 40 years later, that number had only grown to three. Durocher also condemned the high rates of domestic violence, as did Rev. Garas Boulos Garas Bishay of Egypt, an auditor in the assembly. Kelleher called on priests to be better trained in issues relating to domestic violence "so they might accompany these families and not tell the woman to go back home." Lucetta Scaraffia, another auditor, professor, and coordinator of the Vatican newspaper's monthly insert "Women, Church, World," complained that the synod's documents said very little about women, and that they needed to be listened to in greater numbers. Agnes Offiong Erogunaye, national president of Catholic Women Organization of Nigeria, said mothers are "the heart of the family" and that their contributions must be recognized and supported. The number of single women who are caring for children and running a household is growing, Scaraffia said, giving rise to a need for a greater focus on single mothers. Discussion about families should not exclude them by speaking only about an ideal family, she said. Other issues Durocher suggested that properly trained married couples could speak during the homily portion of Mass "so that they can testify, give witness to the relationship between God's word and their own marriage life and their own life as families." The role of women in the Church was raised again during the second week, with one group advocating giving women greater leadership roles, and another citing the need to focus on violence against women. Some felt the conversation was based primarily on European and North American family life, and did not adequately encapsulate the universality of the Church. Many bishops also consider the Church to be contributing to the problem of family life in that there is inadequate pastoral support and Christian formation for families. Poverty, unemployment, migration, war, and the continuing refugee crisis were common themes in the early speeches. Several wanted to expand the conversation to include "gender theory," or the idea that gender is fungible, and the propensity of some international aid groups to tie their assistance to liberalizing sexual policies. Participants also discussed reintroducing a communal rite for the Sacrament of Reconciliation. The instrumentum laboris was also criticized for, among other things, lacking a definition of marriage. Some suggested looking to the Book of Genesis, which it was said defined the institution as the union of a man and a woman based on "monogamy, permanence, and equality of the sexes." More references to Scripture in general were also called for. Others suggestion attention be given to single people, widows, and celibate Catholics. Chaput described unity within the Church as the most urgent need. Borys Gudziak, Eparch of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Eparchy of Paris, said that in many areas of the world there is no civil marriage, only a religious one, and that global poverty, homelessness, living as a refugee, and being an orphan are all "impediments to good family life." The auditors Jadwiga and Jacek Pulikowska of Poland said that while the Church should encourage families who follow Church teachings, that families in crisis need greater attention and care. Bishay, who ministers to Christian migrants, told the synod fathers that Christian women marrying Muslim men was "a profound worry and concern" and that it led to "serious crises" for mixed families. Closing statement In his closing statement, Pope Francis highlighted the "importance of the institution of the family and of marriage between a man and a woman, based on unity and indissolubility." He added that the two year, two assembly process "was not about finding exhaustive solutions for all the difficulties and uncertainties which challenge and threaten the family," but about confronting them head on, "without burying our heads in the sand." Francis also made references to the speeches and statements made "at times, unfortunately, not entirely in well-meaning ways." He said the experience shows that the synod "does not simply rubber stamp" predetermined positions. Instead, he said, it "was about trying to open up broader horizons, rising above conspiracy theories and blinkered viewpoints, so as to defend and spread the freedom of the children of God, and to transmit the beauty of Christian newness, at times encrusted in a language which is archaic or simply incomprehensible." He also criticized those with "closed hearts which frequently hide even behind the Church’s teachings or good intentions” in order to “judge, sometimes with superiority and superficiality, difficult cases and wounded families." Final report The final report of the synod, known as a relatio synodi (report of the synod), was easily passed with each of the 94 paragraphs receiving more than two-thirds of the bishops present voting for it. A committee of 10 clerics drafted the document after reviewing the 1,350 speeches given during the assembly, using largely conciliatory language. Marriage The report called for divorced and civilly remarried Catholics to be more integrated into the Church, but did not mention any specifics. "They are baptized, they are brothers and sisters, and the Holy Spirit pours out gifts and charisms on them for the good of all," the report said; "taking care of these people is not a weakness in its own faith and its witness as to the indissolubility of marriage; indeed, the Church expresses its own charity through this care." The document was silent on the topic of whether, or how, they should be readmitted to the Eucharist. Paragraph 86, which had the highest number of negative votes, contained a general reference to the internal forum. Advocates of granting permission for divorced and remarried Catholics to receive the Eucharist have suggested that such permission could be granted through the internal forum. It also called for outreach to couples who live together before they are wed, saying they should strive for "the fullness of marriage and the family." It acknowledged the many reasons couples may choose to cohabitate. Homosexuality The report repeated Church teaching that every person, gay or straight, should be treated with dignity and not face unjust discrimination, but also reaffirmed that marriage was between a man and a woman. It did not describe how the Church should minister directly to them, but did say that there should be outreach for their families. It also condemned international aid groups who tied development aid to the adoption of pro-gay policies, and also rejected the notion that gender isn't fixed, which if accepted "envisages a society without gender differences, and empties the anthropological foundation of the family." Other issues The final report also discussed other issues that affect families, including poverty, migrants, refugees, those being persecuted for their faith, as well as the pastoral needs of the handicapped, the elderly, widows, and those in interfaith marriages. Additionally, it condemned "the growing phenomena of violence of which women are victims within the family," and said the Church could do more to promote appreciation of women and their promotion to positions of authority. Post-synodal apostolic exhortation From the reflexions of this synod, and the ones of the Third Extraordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Pope Francis wrote the post-synodal apostolic exhortation Amoris laetitia. Canonizations On Sunday, 18 October 2015 Pope Francis canonized Louis and Marie-Azélie Guérin Martin. They were the parents of Saint Thérèse of Lisieux, and had four other daughters who became nuns. They are the first married couple to be canonized together. Pope Francis also canonized an Italian priest, Vincenzo Grossi, and a Spanish nun, Maria Cristina of the Immaculate Conception Brando, both of whom spent most of their lives helping the poor. Participants The 2015 assembly is larger than the one held in 2014, containing "a great part of the episcopate," with many participating bishops being elected by their peers. While only the 279 appointed priests and bishops can vote, 90 experts, contributors, and delegates from other Christian churches were invited to attend and participate in discussions. Of the auditors, 17 were married couples and 17 were individuals. Of the individual auditors, 13 of the 17 are women, including three nuns. The Benedictine abbot Jeremias Schröder reported that the Catholic fraternal orders considered giving half of their ten seats to the female orders that are not eligible to vote. However, the Unione Superiori Generali finally concluded that it would be not enough if the female orders should get seats of the fraternal orders but that they should get their own seats. American Archbishop Blase Cupich said he believed that the synod would benefit from hearing from "the actual voices of people who feel marginalized, rather than having them filtered through the voices of other representatives or the bishops." He specifically cited "the elderly, or the divorced and remarried, gay and lesbian individuals, also couples." American bishop George V. Murry said the assembly would have benefited from "presentations by theologians, biblical scholars, canonists or cultural historians, to get a broader view" of the issues facing them. Murry also supported greater lay participation. Presidents: Cardinals Andre Vingt-Trois, Luis Antonio Tagle, Raymundo Damasceno Assis, and Wilfrid F. Napier Relator: Cardinal Péter Erdő General Secretary: Cardinal Lorenzo Baldisseri Special Secretary: Archbishop Bruno Forte Final report drafting committee: Cardinals Peter Erdo, Baldisseri, Oswald Gracias, Donald Wuerl, John Dew, Archbishops Bruno Forte, Victor Manuel Fernandez, Bishop Mathieu Madega Lebouakehan, Marcello Semeraro, and Fr. Adolfo Nicolas. Notes References External links www.Synod2015.org Lineamenta for the Assembly Instrumentum laboris for the Assembly Final Report of the Synod Synod of bishops in the Catholic Church 2015 in Vatican City 21st-century Catholicism Pope Francis 2015 in Christianity
Linnea Gustafsson (born 20 February 1986 in Fole) is a Swedish orienteering competitor. She won a bronze medal in the middle distance and finished fifth in the sprint at the World Games in 2009. She won a silver medal in sprint at the 2009 World Orienteering Championships in Miskolc, Hungary. References External links 1986 births Living people Sportspeople from Gotland County Swedish orienteers Female orienteers Foot orienteers World Orienteering Championships medalists World Games medalists in orienteering World Games bronze medalists Competitors at the 2009 World Games 20th-century Swedish women 21st-century Swedish women
Joe Rau (born 17 March 1991) is an American wrestler who specializes in Greco-Roman wrestling. High School career Rau wrestled for St. Patrick High School (Chicago), but never placed in the state tournament. He was an Illinois state qualifier, two-time conference champion and freestyle state champion. College career At Elmhurst College Rau was coached by past NCAA champion Steve Marianetti and won the 184 pound title at the 2013 NCAA Division III Wrestling Championships. He is a three-time NCAA DIII All-American and 2014 University Nationals Champion. Rau was named Conference Wrestler of the Year, Elmhurst College Athlete of the Year and became two-time place winner at Midlands Championships. Senior career Joe Rau is a two-time Senior World Team Member (2014, 2019), and two-time U.S. Open champion (2016, 2019). In 2021, he placed fifth in several international tournaments in Europe: Grand Prix of Zagreb Open in Croatia, the Olympic Preparation Tournament in Hungary and the ranking tournament Matteo Pellicone in Italy. In 2020, Rau won gold at the Pan-American Championships and the Pan-American Olympic Qualifier. In doing so, effectively secured the Olympic spot for Team USA at 87 kg for the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. In 2019, he became Final X champion after scoring on Ben Provisor in the last seconds of the last finals match. Rau won the U.S. Open and came third at the Dave Schultz Memorial International. He placed fourth at the same tournament in Freestyle. In 2018, Rau earned gold at the Lavrikov Championships in Russia and the Bill Farrell Memorial International in Freestyle. In Greco-Roman he took third at the Bill Farrell Memorial International. He placed second in the Haparanda Cup in Sweden and the U.S. Open. He came in fourth at the World Team Trials Challenge Tournament in Freestyle. In 2017, after failing to qualify for the World Team in Greco-Roman, he earned a spot in the freestyle trials by way of a last chance qualifier. Rau became runner-up in the U.S. World Team Trials and U.S. Open. In 2016, he won Olympic Team Trials, U.S. Open. He took silver at the Grand Prix of Zagreb Open and bronze at Pan-American Games Qualifier. He took ninth at the Second World Olympic Games Qualifier. In 2015, Rau won the Pan-American Championships as well as a host of other domestic and international tournaments: Senior Nationals & Trials Qualifier, Bill Farrell International Tournament and the Grand Prix Zagreb Open. Additionally he took second at the Dave Schultz Memorial International, third at the Grand Prix of Spain and the Hungarian Grand Prix. He came in fourth in the U.S. Open. In 2014, Rau became Phase II World Team Trials champion. He competed at the 2014 World Wrestling Championships at 80 kg. He lost in the first round to Jonas Bossert of Switzerland by fall. He won gold at the University Nationals Championships and Northern Plains Regional Championships. In 2013, he became the runner-up at the New York AC International Tournament and took fourth place in the U.S. Open. In 2012, Rau came in third at the Canada Cup in Freestyle. References Living people American male sport wrestlers 1991 births Pan American Wrestling Championships medalists 21st-century American people
Mohamed Aden Sheikh (c. 1936 – September 30, 2010) was a Somali medical doctor and politician who held posts as Minister of Health, Minister of Education, and Minister of Information. Aden was the first Somali surgeon who received his medical training at the University of Rome and practiced at Mogadishu General Hospital. He enter politics in the 1970s and held various cabinet positions. Aden was also a central committee member of the only political party allowed in Somalia, the Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party. On June 9, 1982, he was one of seven parliamentarians arrested and accused of treason for having criticized the government of President Siad Barre. Aden was the president of the Somali National Academy of Sciences and Arts at the time of his arrest. He was also the former Head of the Ideology Bureau SRRC and Somali Technological Development. References External links November 1999, Interview - Society for International Development 1930s births 2010 deaths Government ministers of Somalia
The 2004 SEC men's basketball tournament took place on March 11–14, 2004 in Atlanta, Georgia at the Georgia Dome. Kentucky won the tournament and received the SEC's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament by beating Florida on March 14, 2004. Bracket *overtime References SEC men's basketball tournament 2003–04 Southeastern Conference men's basketball season SEC men's basketball tournament SEC men's basketball tournament SEC men's basketball tournament College sports in Georgia (U.S. state) Basketball in Georgia (U.S. state)
Gustav Brunner (born 12 September 1950, in Graz) is an Austrian Formula One (F1) designer and engineer. Career He started his career in racing car design at the German-based constructor McNamara. He first entered F1 in a brief spell working for the ATS team in 1978, before designing cars for Formula Two and sportscar racing. He came to prominence in Formula One in 1983, by returning to ATS. He designed two chassis for the team, the 1983 D6 and the 1984 D7, before quitting after a number of arguments with team principal Günter Schmid. In 1985 he joined RAM Racing, designing the RAM 03 car. By this time he was gaining a reputation within the sport for designing good chassis on a limited budget, even if the teams he had worked for had a conspicuous lack of results. He then worked for Arrows and Ferrari, before reuniting with ATS boss Schmid as designer for his new Rial F1 outfit in 1988. He fell out with Schmid again and became Technical Director of the Zakspeed team. When the team folded at the end of the 1989 season, he moved on to Leyton House, where he worked on the March CG891 and stayed on as they reverted to March Engineering. When March Engineering folded, he moved to Minardi for 1993, designing their successful M193 chassis, before another switch, to Ferrari's Research & Development department, eventually returning to Minardi as chief designer in 1997 to help new technical director, Gabriele Tredozi, and became the technical director in 1999. Following three successive seasons where his Minardi designs had been praised for their innovative design considering such small resources, he was head-hunted by Toyota to become their Technical Director for their new Formula One team in 2001. He left Toyota at the end of 2005. References External links GP Encyclopedia - People - Gustav Brunner: Grandprix.com Ferrari people Austrian automobile designers Austrian motorsport people Formula One designers 1950 births Living people Zakspeed
Radhika Apte (born 7 September 1985) is an Indian actress who works primarily in Hindi, Tamil, Telugu and Marathi films. Apte has received several awards including an International Emmy Award nomination, thus becoming the first Indian actress to do so. Apte began acting in theatre and made her film debut with a brief role in the fantasy drama, Vaah! Life Ho Toh Aisi! (2005). Apte's first lead role was in the 2009 Bengali social drama, Antaheen. She gained attention for her supporting roles in three of her 2015 Bollywood productions: the revenge drama Badlapur, the comedy Hunterrr, and the biographical film Manjhi - The Mountain Man. Her leading roles in the 2016 independent films Phobia and Parched earned her acclaim. In 2018, Apte starred in three Netflix productions - the anthology film Lust Stories, the thriller series Sacred Games, and the horror mini-series Ghoul. She was nominated for an International Emmy Award for her work in the first of these. She has since starred in the Netflix films Raat Akeli Hai (2020) and Monica, O My Darling (2022), and portrayed Noor Inayat Khan in the American film A Call to Spy (2019). In addition to her work in independent films, Apte has also played the leading lady in mainstream films, such as the Tamil action film Kabali (2016), the Hindi biographical film Pad Man (2018), and the Hindi black comedy Andhadhun (2018), all of which were commercially successful. She has been married to London-based musician, Benedict Taylor, since 2012. Early life Radhika Apte born on 7 September 1985 in Vellore, Tamil Nadu into a Marathi Brahmin family. Her parents were studying and working as doctors at the Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore when she was born. Her father Dr. Charudutt Apte subsequently became a neurosurgeon and chairman of Sahyadri Hospital, Pune. She is an Economics and Mathematics graduate from Fergusson College, Pune. In Pune, she initially studied in a regular school, and then was homeschooled along with four friends by their parents living in the same building, who did not want their children to go through the regular schooling system. Apte found this experience liberating, as it boosted her self-confidence. While growing up in Pune, Apte trained under Kathak exponent, Rohini Bhate, for eight years. It was during this time that Apte became involved in theater in Pune, and decided to go to Mumbai to join films. However, a few months later, Apte got discouraged by her experience in Mumbai and returned to her family in Pune. Apte recounted these times in an interview with Scoop Whoop in 2018, as a learning yet demoralizing experience, wherein she managed with a salary of 8,000 to 10,000 from theater roles and having to put up with odd house owners and roommates in Goregaon, where she lived as a paying guest. During this time, Apte acted in her first film, a Marathi film called "Gho mala asala hawa" (2009). After this she acted in Rakta Charitra, Rakta Charitra 2, and "I am". On returning to Pune, Apte made an overnight decision of going to London for a year, where she studied contemporary dance at London's Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance for a year. Apte said her experience in London was life-changing, as she was exposed to a completely different and liberating way of working professionally. There she met her future husband Benedict, who subsequently moved to Pune with her, travelling regularly to Mumbai for his work while Apte still did not want to return to Mumbai because of her earlier experience. After a year, she finally agreed to move to Mumbai, and her second experience in Mumbai was far more positive, as she no longer felt alone. Career Early roles (2005–10) Apte first appeared with a small role in the Hindi film Vaah! Life Ho Toh Aisi! in 2005, a project she did "just for fun" while still in college. Actor Rahul Bose, who had seen Apte perform in Anahita Oberoi's play Bombay Black, suggested her name to director Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury who cast her in his National award-winning Bengali film Antaheen along with Aparna Sen, Sharmila Tagore and Rahul Bose. She played the role of Brinda Roy Menon, a TV journalist, in Antaheen. Riddhima Seal, writing for The Times of India, called Apte a "revelation", further adding "With eyes that speak a thousand words, her passion for work and the loneliness of her heart as she waits to chat every night with that special stranger just strikes the right chord". In 2009, Apte had her first Indian release, KBC productions' Gho Mala Asla Hava by Sumitra Bhave and Sunil Sukthankar, in which she appeared as Savitri, a village girl. She later collaborated with Bhave and Sukthankar again on the Hindi docufiction Mor Dekhne Jungle Mein. It was in that year that she also worked on Jatin Wagle's Ek Indian Manoos, Akash Khurana's Life Online, about "a bunch of youngsters working in a BPO" and Amol Palekar's Indian film, Samaantar. In 2010, she was seen in Maneej Premnath's thriller The Waiting Room and later, appeared in a significant role in Ram Gopal Varma's Rakta Charitra and its sequel. On returning from London, Apte was offered a role in a large blockbuster production Hindi film, but was (in her words) kicked out of it, because they felt she was too fat to be in that film. Breakthrough and rise to prominence (2011–present) In 2011, Apte appeared in the anthology film I Am and in Shor in the City under Ekta Kapoor's Balaji Motion Pictures. She worked for the third time with the Bhave-Sukthankar duo on Ha Bharat Majha (2012), a film inspired by Anna Hazare's movement that was shot in 14 days and screened at various film festivals. Her two other 2012 releases were Tukaram in Marathi and Dhoni, her maiden Tamil film. For her performance in the latter, she was nominated for SIIMA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role. In 2013, she was seen in the Bengali film Rupkatha Noy. About her character, she said, "I play Sananda, an IT engineer, who is a single mother of a three-year-old child. Sananda had a dreadful past, which keeps haunting her". Apte's first four 2014 releases were Postcard, Pendulum, Legend and Vetri Selvan in three languages – Bengali, Telugu and Tamil, respectively—after which another film of hers, Lai Bhaari, released. Pendulum, which was described by Apte as a "story on magic realism which takes you through multiple layers of parallel realities, or apparent realities", had her playing a working woman in a relationship with a younger man, while in Vetri Selvan, she had played the role of a lawyer. Legend and Lai Bhaari were commercial successes, the latter breaking the opening weekend box office record and becoming the highest grossing Marathi film of all time. In 2015, Apte gained wider recognition for her roles in six feature films released in the first eight months. In the year's first release, Sriram Raghavan's Badlapur, she had a minor supporting role, for which she shot for six days. Despite appearing only briefly in the latter part of the film, she was widely recognized and appreciated for her performance, with several critics stating that she stood out in the ensemble cast. Rediff's Raja Sen, in particular, wrote that she was "sensational" and featured in "possibly the film's finest" moment. Following a Malayalam release, Haram, her first in the language, and a Telugu release, Lion, she had her next Hindi release, the sex comedy Hunterrr directed by Harshvardhan Kulkarni. Although the film opened to mixed reviews, Apte again earned praise for her performance. While Shubha Shetty-Saha from mid-day.com described her as "excellent in an absolutely realistic role", Filmfare's Rachit Gupta wrote, "While you're at it, hand one (award) to Radhika Apte...She really comes into her own, in a character that's unconventional and full of surprises". With Badlapur and Hunterrr both achieving commercial success and winning Apte critical acclaim, she grew in popularity, breaking into the mainstream Bollywood scene, with the media dubbing her the "latest sensation of Bollywood", Bollywood's new "go-to girl" and the "new constant in Indian cinema". HuffPost India wrote, "Radhika Apte is on her way to stardom, whether she likes it or not". In late August, two more Hindi films of her, Ketan Mehta's critically acclaimed biogeographical film Manjhi - The Mountain Man, based on Dashrath Manjhi, featuring Apte as Manjhi's wife Falguni Devi, and Kaun Kitne Paani Mein, a satire on water scarcity featuring Apte as an agriculture graduate, released a week apart. Her next film was the Tamil gangster-drama Kabali, in which she was featured as the wife of Rajinikanth. Upon the release, her performance received positive feedback from critics, and the film proved to be a major commercial success as well. In 2018, Apte co-starred with Akshay Kumar in R. Balki's comedy-drama Pad Man, based on a short story in Twinkle Khanna's book, The Legend of Lakshmi Prasad. It is inspired by the life of Arunachalam Muruganantham from Tamil Nadu, who campaigned for menstrual hygiene in rural India. Apte's role was that of a shy homemaker whose husband (Kumar) invents low-cost sanitary napkins. Saibal Chatterjee of NDTV wrote, "Radhika Apte is, as always, a scene-stealer. She contributes majorly to ensuring that the exchanges between the protagonist and his wife do not veer into corniness." Apte made her directorial debut with The Sleepwalkers, starring Gulshan Devaiah and Shahana Goswami. The Sleepwalkers is in competition at the Palm Springs International ShortFest 2020, under the Best Midnight Short category. Among Apte's upcoming films are three Hindi language projects, The Field, the feature debut of Rohit Karn Batra, Leena Yadav's Parched, a U.S.-Indian co-production, and Bombairiya, an Indo – British production and a Tamil project, Ula. Theatre Apte is actively involved with theatre and has been part of several stage plays, mostly in Hindi language. She is associated with Mohit Takalkar's theatre troupe Aasakta Kalamanch in her hometown and has acted in plays like Tu, Purnaviram, Matra Ratra and Samuel Beckett's That Time with Rehan Engineer. She also performed a commercial Hindi play, Kanyadaan, and an English play named Bombay Black. In 2013, she was part of an Indian play named Uney Purey Shahar Ek, which was an adaptation of Girish Karnad's Benda Kaalu on Toast ("Baked Beans of Toast"). She has also stated that she plans to do an English play in London. Apte has said that she prefers to work in experimental theatre. Short films Radhika Apte has also acted in a number of short films, including Darmiyan, in which she played a college girl, Ekta, and Vakratunda Swaha, which was filmed by Ashish Avikunthak over a period of 12 years. She played one of the lead roles in Anurag Kashyap's film on eve teasing, That Day After Everyday, which released on YouTube in 2012. She has played the title role in Sujoy Ghosh's 2015 Bengali short film Ahalya. Personal life Apte met Benedict Taylor in 2011 in London during her year-long sabbatical when she had gone to learn contemporary dance. Director Sarang Sathaye, a friend of Radhika, in October 2012, said that the two had been living together since a long time and that a registered marriage took place a month before the official ceremony was said to be held in March 2013. Apte has spoken out against sexual harassment in the Indian film industry. She supported the MeToo movement in India, stating that she was hopeful that it could bring about a change if enough major industry figures were to participate. In the media Tanisha Bhattacharya of Filmfare termed her a "powerhouse performer", who is widely known as the "poster child of OTT". Natasha Dsouza of Femina termed her "happy-go-lucky", "outspoken" and noted, "Apte is a rarity and a new-gen star who’s known for two things: essaying complex roles and speaking her mind." Huzan Tata of Verve termed her a "poster girl for regional and art-house cinema". Nihit Bhave of Hindustan Times said, "Apte has often taken on roles that other actresses would have deemed insignificant." In Rediff.coms "Best Bollywood Actresses" list, she was placed 3rd in 2011, 2nd in 2015 and 7th in 2022. Apte has been described in the media as one of the highest paid actor on OTT. Apte is an endorser for brands and products such as Clinique, Sanfe, MCaffeine and RIOPads. Filmography Films Short films Television Web series Theatre Awards and nominations References External links 1985 births Living people Actresses from Pune People from Vellore Indian film actresses Indian web series actresses Indian television actresses Indian stage actresses Actresses in Hindi cinema Actresses in Bengali cinema Actresses in Marathi cinema Actresses in Tamil cinema Actresses in Telugu cinema Actresses in Malayalam cinema Actresses in Hindi television Actresses in Marathi theatre Indian expatriate actresses in the United Kingdom Indian expatriate actresses in the United States Fergusson College alumni Savitribai Phule Pune University alumni Alumni of Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance 21st-century Indian actresses
Eriopsis is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Its species are native to South America and Central America. Eriopsis biloba Lindl. Eriopsis grandibulbosa Ames & C.Schweinf. Eriopsis mesae Kraenzl. Eriopsis rutidobulbon Hook. Eriopsis sceptrum Rchb.f. & Warsz. See also List of Orchidaceae genera References (1847) Edward's Botanical Register, 33: t. 18. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart (2009) Epidendroideae (Part two). Genera Orchidacearum 5: 88. Oxford University Press. External links Cymbidieae genera Cymbidieae
The Innovators: How a Group of Hackers, Geniuses, and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution is an overview of the history of computer science and the Digital Revolution. It was written by Walter Isaacson, and published in 2014 by Simon & Schuster. The book summarizes the contributions of several innovators who have made pivotal breakthroughs in computer technology and its applications—from the world's first computer programmer, Ada Lovelace, and Alan Turing's work in artificial intelligence, through the Information Age of the present. Corrections In December 2015, Simon & Schuster published a revised electronic edition of The Innovators, which corrected significant errors and omissions in the original edition's Chapter 9, which covers software. Isaacson – who in researching the book interviewed Bill Gates but not Paul Allen – had assigned virtually all credit for the company's early innovations and success to Gates, when in fact they were the product of highly collaborative efforts by several people, including Allen. In the revised edition, among other edits, Isaacson includes archival material from 1981 which Gates credits Allen for being the "idea man" in charge of R&D at Microsoft, while he, Gates, was "the frontman running the business". In the 2019 three-part Netflix docuseries Inside Bill's Brain: Decoding Bill Gates, this conflict is briefly mentioned by who appears to be Gates's secretary as she goes over the books that Gates was reading at the time of recording. Isaacson explains in his book that, as he was writing about Wikipedia and how it worked, he decided that his book should be collectively examined in a Wikipedia manner. Hence he uploaded a draft on Medium, allowing readers to make dozens of comments to correct and improve the book. Innovators by chapter Innovators discussed in the book by chapter: Chapter 1 – Ada, Countess of Lovelace: Charles Babbage, Ada Lovelace Chapter 2 – The Computer: Herman Hollerith, Vannevar Bush, Konrad Zuse, Alan Turing, George Stibitz, Claude Shannon, Howard Aiken, John Atanasoff, John Mauchly, J. Presper Eckert Chapter 3 – Programming: Grace Hopper, Richard Bloch, Jean Jennings, John von Neumann Chapter 4 – The Transistor: John Bardeen, William Shockley, Walter Brattain, Patrick Haggerty, Robert Noyce, Gordon Moore Chapter 5 – The Microchip: Jack Kilby, Arthur Rock, Andy Grove, Ted Hoff, Jean Hoerni Chapter 6 – Video Games: Steve Russell, Nolan Bushnell Chapter 7 – The Internet: J. C. R. Licklider, Robert Taylor, Larry Roberts, Paul Baran, Donald Davies, Leonard Kleinrock, Vint Cerf, Bob Kahn Chapter 8 – The Personal Computer: Ken Kesey, Stewart Brand, Doug Engelbart, Alan Kay, Lee Felsenstien, Ed Roberts Chapter 9 – Software: Paul Allen, Bill Gates, Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs, Richard Stallman, Linus Torvalds, Dan Bricklin Chapter 10 – Online William von Meister, Steve Case, Al Gore Chapter 11 – The Web Tim Berners-Lee, Marc Andreessen, Justin Hall, Ev Williams, Ward Cunningham, Jimmy Wales, Larry Page, Sergey Brin Chapter 12 – Ada Forever See also 2014 in literature References External links Simon & Schuster Publisher's article on The Innovators Discussion with Isaacson on The Innovators at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California, October 14, 2014 Discussion with Isaacson The Innovators at the Miami Book Fair International, November 22, 2014 You can look it up: The Wikipedia story – excerpt from The Innovators 2014 non-fiction books American history books Biographies about businesspeople Biographies and autobiographies of mathematicians Books about Apple Inc. Books about computer and internet companies Books about computer and internet entrepreneurs Books about computer hacking Books about the Digital Revolution Books about economic history Books about Google Books about the Internet Books about scientists Books about Wikipedia Cultural depictions of Alan Turing Hacker culture Popular science books Simon & Schuster books Intel Works about Microsoft Books by Walter Isaacson
Cyrtomium fortunei, also known by its common name Fortune's holly-fern, is a species from the genus Cyrtomium. This plant was first described by John Smith. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. References Dryopteridaceae Flora of Malta
Help! Mom! There are Liberals Under my Bed! () is a children's picture book that depicts caricatures of liberal politicians such as Hillary Clinton and Ted Kennedy in order to advocate conservative values. It was written by Katharine DeBrecht and was published by World Ahead Publishing in 2005. Background The book was first announced by U.S. News & World Report, which called it "a picture book for kid conservatives". Domestic reactions along political lines included radio host Rush Limbaugh, who praised the book. After Limbaugh's on-air praise, the book's position on Amazon.com sales charts rose significantly, and at one point it trailed only the latest edition Harry Potter in children's books. However, it became controversial and was mocked by The Daily Show along with the book Why Mommy is a Democrat for the notion that young children lack the ability to grasp politics and are too impressionable to be exposed to such material. Responding to the media coverage, Philippe Reines, the press secretary for Sen. Hillary Clinton – who is one of the book's cartoon villains – fired back, "Can’t wait for the sequel, Help! Mom! I Can’t Read This Book Because Republicans Have Cut Literacy Programs!" DeBrecht replied, "It's ironic that Hillary's press secretary would call for more government intrusion into our lives while bashing my book...Evidently Hillary thinks it takes a village to teach a child to read!" Reines later responded by claiming that sales of the book must have been poor, in spite of evidence to the contrary. Foreign media in the United Kingdom, Australia, and India also covered the book. At the end of 2005, the New York Times announced that the book was one of the most blogged about books of the year. It was also profiled in Publishers Weekly. Notes American children's books American political books Books critical of modern liberalism in the United States 2005 children's books American picture books
Polymastia fusca is a species of sea sponge belonging to the family Polymastiidae. It is found in shallow subtidal habitats in the far north of North Island, New Zealand. This firm-textured sponge grows up to 20 cm across, often encrusting its substrate. The outer layer is very dark brown, contrasting with a much paler yellow or orange interior. The whole surface is covered in papillae, those at the centre markedly taller than those at the periphery. References fusca Sponges of New Zealand Animals described in 1961 Taxa named by Patricia Bergquist
The Gardiner Cup was a professional ice hockey tournament that was held in Edinburgh, Scotland from September 24, 2009 until September 27, 2009. It featured two professional hockey teams from the American Hockey League and two from the Elite Ice Hockey League. The Hamilton Bulldogs were the winner in the event, defeating the Toronto Marlies in the final 3–1. History The tournament was part of Scotland's 2009 Homecoming celebrations and was intended to honour the contribution of persons of Scottish descent to ice hockey. The tournament was named after Charlie Gardiner, professional goaltender with the Chicago Black Hawks. Gardiner was born in Edinburgh and was captain of the 1934 Black Hawks Stanley Cup championship squad. Team Results Belfast Giants: 0 wins, 1 loss, 0 goals for, 7 goals against Edinburgh Capitals: 0 wins, 1 loss, 1 goal for, 6 goals against Hamilton Bulldogs: 3 wins, 0 losses, 11 goals for, 1 goal against Toronto Marlies: 1 win, 2 losses, 7 goals for, 5 goals against The 2009 Gardiner Cup was awarded to the Hamilton bulldogs. Schedule All games were played at Murrayfield Ice Rink. September 24 - Hamilton v. Toronto: Hamilton wins 1-0. September 26 (Semifinal) - Edinburgh v. Toronto: Toronto wins 6-1. September 26 (Semifinal) - Belfast v. Hamilton: Hamilton wins 7-0. September 27 (Final) - Toronto v. Hamilton: Hamilton wins 3-1. References Notes External links Official website 2009–10 AHL season 2009–10 in British ice hockey 2009 in Scottish sport International ice hockey competitions hosted by the United Kingdom
The Pallottine Mission to Kamerun (also spelled Pallotin or Pallotine) was a Roman Catholic mission to the German colony of Kamerun run by the Pallottines in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. When the German Empire became the colonial power of Kamerun in 1884, French Catholic groups were denied permission to set up a mission in the territory. The Germans were not eager to allow Catholics in at all, let alone foreign ones. They relented two years later when the German and Swiss-run Pallottines requested entry. Permission came with the following conditions: The Pallottines were not to compete directly with the already established Protestant Basel Mission, they were to accept no orders from any non-German authority, they were to employ only German or African staff, and they were to use and teach only the German language. Eight Pallottine Fathers arrived in Douala on 25 October 1890 under the leadership of Father Heinrich Vieter. Presbyterian missionaries already operating there proved unfriendly to the newcomers, so the Pallottines based themselves at Marienberg, near Edéa. Over the next 13 years, the Fathers opened missions and schools in Kribi, Edéa, Bonjongo, Douala, Batanga, Jaunde, Ikassa, Minlaba, Sasse, Victoria-Bota, Dschang, Ossing (Mamfe), and in the district of Douala Deïdo. In 1899, they founded a convent in Bonjongo. The Pallottine Fathers won their first convert, Andreas Mbangue, in 1899. When the Allied West African Campaign of World War I reached Jaunde in 1916, the Pallottines fled south to Spanish Guinea with German forces and Ewondo villagers under the command of Charles Atangana. Germany lost the war and Kamerun was split into British and French League of Nations mandate territories. The French opted to allow their own Holy Ghost Fathers to replace the Pallottines as the Catholic mission to Cameroun. The German Pallottines have returned to independent Cameroon in 1964. Notes References DeLancey, Mark W. and DeLancey, Mark Dike (2000): Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cameroon (3rd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. Ngoh, Victor Julius (1996): History of Cameroon Since 1800. Limbe: Presbook. See also Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in Douala Religious organizations established in 1890 1916 disestablishments in Africa Catholic missions History of Catholicism in Germany Roman Catholic missionaries in Cameroon Pallottines Christian organizations established in the 19th century 1890 establishments in Kamerun
Savkovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kovarditskoye Rural Settlement, Muromsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 367 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography Savkovo is located 21 km northwest of Murom (the district's administrative centre) by road. Popolutovo is the nearest rural locality. References Rural localities in Muromsky District
The 1980–81 Wright State Raiders men's basketball team represented Wright State University in the 1980–81 NCAA NCAA Division II men's basketball season led by head coach Ralph Underhill. Season Summary Expectations were high for 80-81 as the 80's began with an upgraded schedule. Results were equally as high, producing a 24-3 regular season with the only disappointment being a fourth early NCAA tournament exit. Roster Source Schedule and results \|- !colspan=12 style=\|Regular season \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- !colspan=12 style=\| NCAA tournament \|- \|- \|- Source Awards and Honors Statistics Source References Wright State Wright State Raiders men's basketball seasons Wright State Raiders men's basketball Wright State Raiders men's basketball
Lirkak (, also Romanized as Līrkak) is a village in Doshman Ziari Rural District, in the Central District of Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 496, in 90 families. References Populated places in Kohgiluyeh County
Parachabora triangulifera is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by George Hampson in 1901. It is found on Cuba. References Moths described in 1901 Calpinae Endemic fauna of Cuba
Vishakhadatta ( was an Indian Sanskrit poet and playwright. Although Vishakhadatta furnishes the names of his father and grandfather as Maharaja Bhaskaradatta and Maharaja Vateshvaradatta in his political drama Mudrārākṣasa, we know little else about him. Only two of his plays, the Mudrārākṣasa and the Devichandraguptam are known to us. His period is not certain but he probably flourished in or after the 6th century CE. Some scholars such as A. S. Altekar, K. P. Jayaswal and Sten Konow theorized that Vishakhadatta was a contemporary of Chandragupta II, and lived in late 4th century to early 5th century. But this view has been challenged by other scholars, including Moriz Winternitz and R. C. Majumdar. Mudrarakshasa Mudrārākṣasa ("Rákshasa's Ring") is Vishakhadatta’s only surviving play, although there exist fragments of another work ascribed to him. Vishakhadatta has stressed upon historical facts in the Mudrarakshasa, a play dealing with the time of the Maurya Dynasty. The titles of Vishakhadatta’s father and grandfather do indicate one point of interest: that he came from a princely family, certain to have been involved in political administration at least at a local level. It seems very possible, in fact, that Vishakhadatta came to literature from the world of affairs. Stylistically he stands a little apart from other dramatists. A proper literary education is clearly no way lacking, and in formal terms, he operates within the normal conventions of Sanskrit literature, but one does not feel that he cultivates these conventions very enthusiastically for their own sake. It would be a travesty to suggest that one can detect in his writing a clipped, quasi-military diction as it would be to think of Kālidāsa as an untutored child of nature simply because he shows himself less steeped than Bhavabhūti in philosophical erudition. But it is fair to say that Vishakhadatta’s prose passages in particular often have a certain stiffness compared to the supple idiom of both Kālidāsa and Bhavabhūti. In relative, rather than absolute, terms his style includes towards the principle of “more matter and less art.” There have been other cases of contributions to Sanskrit literature by men of action - for instance, the three plays ascribed to the celebrated monarch, Harsha (vardhana). The ascription is plausible, and the plays are talented and worthy pieces. But unlike the Mudrārākṣasa, they adhere closely to conventional literary ideals. Harsha no doubt wished to show that he could write as well as he could rule: yet in the last resort, one suspects that he would have been more interesting to know as a man than as a dramatist. We do not know whether Vishakhadatta, on the other hand, if he was some kind of politician, was as such either original or successful; but as a playwright, he is both. Devichandraguptam Only the fragments of the Devichandragupta (Devi and Chandragupta) have survived in the form of quotations in the Natyadarpana of Ramachandra and Gunachandra, two works of king Bhoja: the Shringaraprakasha and the Sarasvatikanthabharana, and the Natakalakshana Ratnakosha of Sagaranandi. By collating the quotations from these works, the storyline of this text has been reconstructed. Devichandgraputa is a play which tells how King Ramagupta is cheated into signing a humiliating treaty with a Saka ruler. Under the treaty, Ramagupta is supposed to send his wife Dhruvadevi to the Saka king. Ramagupta's younger brother, Chandragupta, the protagonist of the story, takes upon himself to avenge this humiliation. He kills the Saka ruler and Ramagupta, takes charge of the Gupta empire and also marries Dhruvadevi. English translations The Clay Sanskrit Library has published a translation of Mudrārākṣasa by Michael Coulson under the title of Rákshasa's Ring. Alternative theories The name Vishakhadatta is also given as Vishakhadeva from which Ranajit Pal concludes that his name may have been Devadatta which, according to him, was a name of both Ashoka and Chandragupta. References External links Clay Sanskrit Library (official page) Sanskrit poets Sanskrit dramatists and playwrights Ancient Indian dramatists and playwrights Ancient Indian poets Indian male poets Indian male dramatists and playwrights
Juan Madruñero (born 26 April 1954) is an Ecuadorian footballer. He played in three matches for the Ecuador national football team from 1979 to 1981. He was also part of Ecuador's squad for the 1979 Copa América tournament. References 1954 births Living people Ecuadorian men's footballers Ecuador men's international footballers Men's association football midfielders Footballers from Guayaquil
Orson James Phelps (February 23, 1820 – May 13, 1897) was an Ontario merchant and political figure. He represented Simcoe West from 1883 to 1886 and Simcoe Centre from 1886 to 1890 in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal member. He was born in New York state in 1820 and came to Grantham Township in Upper Canada with his family in 1833. In 1844, he married Jane Meade. Phelps served in the local militia during the Upper Canada Rebellion. From 1845 to 1852, he served as government inspector during the building of harbours at Port Dalhousie and Port Colborne. He was a lumber merchant and built a sawmill in Flos township in 1870; the community that developed nearby became known as Phelpston. Phelps served as reeve for Grant and Flos townships and was warden for Simcoe County in 1881. He ran unsuccessfully for the provincial seat in Simcoe West in 1879; he was elected in the general election of 1883. That election was declared invalid after an appeal but he was reelected in the subsequent by-election. In 1890, he was named sheriff for Simcoe County, serving until 1894. He died at St. Catharines in 1897. References External links The Canadian parliamentary companion, 1887 JA Gemmill A History of Simcoe County, AF Hunter (1909) 1820 births 1897 deaths Ontario Liberal Party MPPs
The Mayor of Sondrio is an elected politician who, along with the Sondrio's City Council, is accountable for the strategic government of Sondrio in Lombardy, Italy. The current Mayor is Marco Scaramellini who took office on 26 June 2018. Overview According to the Italian Constitution, the Mayor of Sondrio is member of the City Council. The Mayor is elected by the population of Sondrio, who also elects the members of the City Council, controlling the Mayor's policy guidelines and is able to enforce his resignation by a motion of no confidence. The Mayor is entitled to appoint and release the members of his government. Since 1994 the Mayor is elected directly by Sondrio's electorate: in all mayoral elections in Italy in cities with a population higher than 15,000 the voters express a direct choice for the mayor or an indirect choice voting for the party of the candidate's coalition. If no candidate receives at least 50% of votes, the top two candidates go to a second round after two weeks. The election of the City Council is based on a direct choice for the candidate with a preference vote: the candidate with the majority of the preferences is elected. The number of the seats for each party is determined proportionally. Italian Republic (since 1946) City Council election (1946-1994) From 1946 to 1994, the Mayor of Sondrio was elected by the City's Council. Direct election (since 1994) Since 1994, under provisions of new local administration law, the Mayor of Sondrio is chosen by direct election, originally every four then every five years. Notes Timeline References External links Sondrio Mayors of places in Lombardy People from Sondrio Politics of Lombardy Sondrio
In computing, a visual programming language (visual programming system, VPL, or, VPS) or block coding is a programming language that lets users create programs by manipulating program elements graphically rather than by specifying them textually. A VPL allows programming with visual expressions, spatial arrangements of text and graphic symbols, used either as elements of syntax or secondary notation. For example, many VPLs (known as diagrammatic programming) are based on the idea of "boxes and arrows", where boxes or other screen objects are treated as entities, connected by arrows, lines or arcs which represent relations. Definition VPLs may be further classified, according to the type and extent of visual expression used, into icon-based languages, form-based languages, and diagram languages. Visual programming environments provide graphical or iconic elements which can be manipulated by users in an interactive way according to some specific spatial grammar for program construction. The general goal of VPLs is to make programming more accessible to novices and to support programmers at three different levels Syntax: VPLs use icons/blocks, forms and diagrams trying to reduce or even eliminate the potential of syntactic errors helping with the arrangement of programming primitives to create well-formed programs. Semantics: VPLs may provide some mechanisms to disclose the meaning of programming primitives. This could include help functions providing documentation functions built-in to programming languages. Pragmatics: VPLs support the study of what programs mean in particular situations. This level of support allows users to put artifacts created with a VPL into a certain state in order to explore how the program will react to that state. Examples: In AgentSheets or AgentCubes users can set games or simulations into a particular state in order to see how program would react. With the Thymio programming language users can bring a robot into a certain state in order to see how it will react, i.e., which sensors will be activated. Current developments try to integrate the visual programming approach with dataflow programming languages to either have immediate access to the program state, resulting in online debugging, or automatic program generation and documentation. Dataflow languages also allow automatic parallelization, which is likely to become one of the greatest programming challenges of the future. The Visual Basic, Visual C#, Visual J# etc. languages of the Microsoft Visual Studio IDE are not visual programming languages: the representation of algorithms etc. is textual even though the IDE embellishes the editing and debugging activities with a rich user interface. A similar consideration applies to most other rapid application development environments which typically support a form designer and sometimes also have graphical tools to illustrate (but not define) control flow and data dependencies. Parsers for visual programming languages can be implemented using graph grammars. List of visual languages The following contains a list of notable visual programming languages. Educational AgentCubes, 3D and 2D game design and simulation design computational thinking tools. AgentSheets, game authoring and computational science authoring tool. Alice, an object based language used to program 3D environments. Analytica, for building and analyzing quantitative models for decision and risk analysis. App Inventor for Android, a tool for creating Android applications, based on Blockly and Kawa. Blockly, a client-side library for the programming language JavaScript for creating block-based visual programming languages (VPLs) and editors. Blockly is known for its use on Scratch. Bubble, for creating production-ready web applications. Catrobat, block-based visual programming language for animations, apps and games Etoys, developed under the direction of Alan Kay at Disney to support constructionist learning, influenced by Seymour Papert and the Logo programming language Flowcode, a visual programming tool for embedded microcontrollers and Windows. Flowgorithm, creates executable flowcharts which can be converted to several languages. Hopscotch, an iPad app, and visual programming language for creating touchscreen-oriented mobile applications. Kodu, a visual programming tool for Logo. Kojo, a programming language, IDE, and learning environment. mBlock, an extension of Scratch for Arduino hardware interfaces. Developed by Makeblock. Open Roberta, online programming environment from Fraunhofer IAIS, designed for children. Pencil Code, a visual programming language centered on drawing with a pencil Raptor, a product of the USAF, for drawing executable flowcharts. Scratch, a product of MIT, designed for children in K-12 and after-school programs. ScratchJr, an interpretation of Scratch designed primarily for younger audiences (5-7-year-old children). Snap!, a browser-based reimplementation of BYOB, and extension of Scratch, with first class procedures and lists. Used for teaching at UC Berkeley. Stagecast Creator, a Java-based teaching system. StarLogo, an agent-based simulation language developed by Mitchel Resnick, Eric Klopfer, and others at MIT Media Lab. An extension of the Logo programming language (a dialect of Lisp). ToonTalk, programming system for children. Visual Logic, for creating executable flowcharts. VIPLE Visual IoT/Robotics Programming Language Environment Multimedia AudioMulch, an audio signal flow based sound and music creation environment Bidule, a modular node and patch cord environment for the creation of interactive computer music and multimedia (Windows, MacOS). Blender (software), the open source 3D graphics package, includes node graphs for building shaders, composites and textures, non-destructive geometry. Cameleon, graphical functional language Clickteam's The games factory/Multimedia fusion series, environments made for visually developing games Dynamo, a generative modeling interface for Autodesk Revit Filter Forge Node based filter generation for image processing. Houdini (software) vfx, modeling and animation software. GenerativeComponents, a parametric CAD software developed by Bentley Systems Grasshopper 3d, a generative modeling interface for Rhinoceros 3D Isadora, a proprietary graphic programming environment for Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows, with emphasis on real-time manipulation of digital video. Kyma (sound design language), a visual programming language for sound design used by musicians, researchers, and sound designers. Mama (software) – a programming language and IDE for building 3D animations and games Max (software), visual programming environment for building interactive, real-time music and multimedia applications Max/MSP Pure Data nato.0+55+3d Nodal, a node-based generative programming software application for music composition Nuke, an object-based visual programming software for visual effects compositing by The Foundry powered by Tcl, Python and Blink-script. OpenMusic, a visual programming language for music composition (based on Common Lisp Object System (CLOS)) applications, and mobile applications Pure Data (Pd) is a visual programming language developed for creating interactive computer music and multimedia works. Quartz Composer, a language for processing and rendering graphical data () Reaktor, a DSP and MIDI-processing language by Native Instruments Scala Multimedia Authoring suite and complete multimedia system for AmigaOS and Windows Softimage, with ICE Interactive Creative Environment. SynthEdit, a Synthesizer construction tool using a VPL. TouchDesigner, visual programming language for real-time multimedia content Virtools, a middleware used to create interactive 3D experiences vvvv, a general purpose toolkit with a special focus on real-time video synthesis and programming large media environments with physical interfaces, real-time motion graphics, audio and video. WireFusion, visual programming environment for creating interactive 3D web presentations Video games Babylon.js has a node material editor that can be used to build shaders, procedural textures, particle systems and post processing effects. Blender Game Engine (Graphical logic editor) Buildbox Clickteam Fusion, a 2D game creation software with event editor system, developed by Clickteam SARL, originally known as Klik n' Play, The Games Factory and Multimedia Fusion 2 Construct 2-3 are HTML5-based 2D game editors, developed by Scirra Ltd. Construct Classic is the previous, DirectX-based open-sourced version of Construct. CryEngine has a node-based visual programming language called FlowGraph. Dreams, which runs on PlayStation, has an extensive visual language to allow players to create any kind of game Game Builder Garage, a 3D and 2D game creation tool for the Nintendo Switch, developed by Nintendo. GameMaker Studio, has a drag and drop game creation system developed by YoYo Games. GameSalad is a visual game creation tool developed by GameSalad, Inc. GDevelop is a visual game creation tool created by Florian Rival (4ian). Godot game engine allows game scripts and graphics shaders to be built using node-graph visual programming languages. Human Resource Machine is a visual programming-based puzzle game developed by Tomorrow Corporation. Kodu, a software designed to program games with a 3D Interface developed by Microsoft Research. MakeCode Arcade, by Microsoft Pixel Game Maker MV is an interface-based 2D video game development tool. Rec Room includes a game creation system with a node-based visual programming language called Circuits. Snowdrop has a visual scripting system. Stencyl, a video game creation tool. Unity has a visual scripting system as of the ECS release. Unreal Engine 4 has a node-based visual programming language called Blueprints, and also shaders. Many modern video games make use of behavior trees, which are in principle a family of simple programming languages designed to model behaviors for non-player characters. The behaviors are modeled as trees, and are often edited in graphical editors. Systems / simulation Analytica, a commercial visual language for decision models based on influence diagrams. BPEL (Business Process Execution Language), currently a Graphical user based Programming Language used to create orchestration logic for data and web services. It is based on XML, but has a graphical interface for faster coding. DRAKON, a graphical algorithmic language EICASLAB, a software suite including a graphical language for supporting the design of control architectures Flowcode is a graphical programming language to program embedded microprocessors Function block diagrams, used in programmable logic controllers GNU Radio, a development toolkit which provides signal-processing blocks to implement software-defined-radios and signal-processing systems KNIME, the Konstanz Information Miner, is an open source data analytics, reporting and integration platform LabVIEW, a graphical language designed for engineers and scientists Ladder logic, a language that simulates relay logic commonly used in programmable logic controllers MeVisLab, cross-platform application framework for medical image processing and scientific visualization Microsoft Visual Programming Language, dataflow language for robotics programming that is a component of Microsoft Robotics Studio MindRover, a robot programming game incorporating a dataflow "wiring" language Minibloq, visual programming language for robotics and Arduino compatible boards MST Workshop, an interactive visual programming language for creating mathematical solutions, rapid prototyping, two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphic applications Node-RED: software system rapid development toolkit NXT-G, a visual programming language for the Lego Mindstorms NXT robotics kit OpenDX scientific data visualization using a visual programming language and data flow model OpenWire - adds visual dataflow programming abilities to Delphi via Visual Component Library (VCL) components and a graphical editor (homonymous binary protocol is unrelated) Orange - An open-source, visual programming tool for data mining, statistical data analysis, and machine learning OutSystems language, a visual modeling language to develop and change all layers of business centric web applications Prograph - an object-oriented programming language that uses iconic symbols to represent actions to be taken on data Ptolemy Project - a project aimed at modeling and designing real-time embedded systems. Qucs graphical interface to set up simulation of electronic circuit signal and noise behavior Reallusion - iClone, a 3D software with Lua language and visual programming design ROBO Pro, a visual programming language for the fischertechnik robotics kit Scicos A graphical language associated with the numerical analysis package ScicosLab (originally SciLab) Sequential function chart, a Petri-net like programming language for programmable logic controllers Simcenter Amesim, graphical programming environment for modeling, simulating and analyzing multidomain dynamical systems Simulink, graphical programming environment for modeling, simulating and analyzing multidomain dynamical systems Stateflow, a graphical language that includes  executable state transition diagrams, flow charts, state transition tables, and truth tables STELLA, a VPL for system dynamics modeling Softimage ICE, a node-based system that is used to create and modify 3D models, simulate particles and perform various other tasks VEE is a powerful graphical programming environment for automated test, measurement and advanced analysis used in Test Engineering. VisSim, modeling and simulation language, allows making mathematical models quickly and executing them in real-time Automation Automator CiMPLE, Visual Programming Language by ThinkLABs for teaching robotics Flow a graphical integration language used in the webMethods platform Pipeline Pilot is a scientific visual and dataflow programming language, and the authoring tool for the Accelrys Enterprise Platform. Data warehousing / business intelligence Ab Initio, a tool for ETL processing by creating graphs Alteryx Designer, a tool for data processing and analytics incorporating SQL, R, and Python. Apache Nifi, software project to automate the flow of data between software systems. IBM Cognos Business Intelligence, is an example for front-end programs in Business Intelligence applications, which are used to generate SQL queries to run against RDBMS databases IBM InfoSphere DataStage, an ETL tool Informatica Powercenter is an ETL tool to design mappings graphically for data load in Data Warehouse systems Microsoft SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS), a platform for data integration and workflow applications Pentaho Data Integration (PDI), formerly named Kettle, an open-source ETL tool Miscellaneous Kwikpoint, an isotype visual translator created by Alan Stillman Lava, an experimental object oriented RAD language Morphic (software), makes it easier to build and edit graphical objects by direct manipulation and from within programs; the whole Self (programming language) programming environment is built using Morphic Piet, an esoteric language, the program is an image whose pixels are the language's elements PWCT, Free open source visual programming language for software development Shortcuts, a visual scripting language developed by Apple for creating macros on macOS, iOS, iPadOS, and watchOS. StreamBase Systems, StreamBase EventFlow is a visual programming language for processing streaming events WebML, is a visual language for designing complex data-intensive Web applications that can be automatically generated Yahoo! Pipes is a visual data-flow programming system to process web data YAWL, graphical workflow language Legacy AppWare, also known as MicroBrew, icon based programming for classic Mac OS and Microsoft Windows Macromedia Authorware - flowchart based programming language Helix and Double Helix, a pioneering database management system for the Apple Macintosh platform, created in 1983 Illumination Software Creator, a language and IDE for visually creating desktop and mobile software ThingLab Visual styles DRAKON (Dragon), a SDL- and AADL-influenced visual 2D programming language designed for developing the on-board hard real-time software system for automatic flight and landing of the Soviet/Russian Buran (Snowstorm) orbiting spacecraft Executable UML, a profile of the Universal Modeling Language specification defining executable semantics for a subset of UML Flowchart Subtext See also Argument map Cognitive dimensions of notations - Notation assessment for visual and non-visual languages Concept map Dataflow programming Deutsch limit, an aphorism about the information density of language primitives in a visual notation Domain-specific modeling Drag and drop Flow-based programming Graph drawing Low-code development platform No-code development platform Programming game Unified Modeling Language Visual language Visual thinking References Based on material from the Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, used with permission. External links Programming language classification
Ballet is a 1995 American documentary film directed by Frederick Wiseman. It portrays rehearsals, choreography, performances, business transactions, and other day-to-day life of the American Ballet Theatre. Much of the footage dates from the 1992 season. It also includes scenes from the company's European tour, namely in Greece and Copenhagen. Appearances are made by Susan Jaffe, Julie Kent, Julio Bocca, Angel Corella, Amanda McKerrow, Alessandra Ferri and others. Various ballet masters and choreographers also appear, including Kevin McKenzie, ABT's artistic director, Ulysses Dove, Irina Kolpakova, Natalia Makarova and Agnes de Mille. Business transactions by then-director Jane Hermann are also included. The film is currently released to the public by Wiseman's distribution company, Zipporah Films References External links Zipporah Films 1995 films American documentary films Documentary films about ballet Films directed by Frederick Wiseman 1995 documentary films American Ballet Theatre 1990s English-language films 1990s American films
Mohabbat Ke Ansu () is a 1932 Indian Urdu-language social romantic film. It was directed by Premankur Atorthy for New Theatres Ltd. Calcutta. The music for the film was directed by R. C. Boral. The film starred K. L. Saigal in his debut role with Akthari Muradabadi, Mahajabeen, Ansari and Sadiq. According to reports the film was not successful however Nevile claims that the "debut was successful beyond expectations" as it led to Saigal acting in several New Theatres films. K. L. Saigal K. L. Saigal had worked earlier as a railway time-keeper and typewriter salesman. He had done some amateur singing which was more in the form of Bhajans and ghazals which he had mastered on his own. On the basis of an impromptu amateur evening he was finally noticed by Pankaj Mullick and R. C. Boral who took the 26-year-old Saigal to New Theatres. He was introduced to B. N. Sircar who contracted him to star with Akhtari Muradabadi in New Theatres first Urdu talkie Mohabbat Ke Ansu. Saigal used the name Saigal Kashmiri for this and the subsequent two films Zinda Lash (1932) and Subah Ka Sitara (1932) as he didn't want his relatives to find out about his profession. Though the film did not do well he made an enormous impact with Chandidas (1934) and went on to become an idol and first superstar through his singing and acting. Music "Beqarar Itna To Kar De" "Ek Bimar Bhi Ghar Tujhse" "Buri Ghadi Thi" "Ham IzatrabeKalb Ka" "Koi Baanka Nukila Sajila Tumse Milega" "Nawaazish Chaahiye" "Piyarav Ko Seene Se Apne Lagao" "Sitam Ijaad Ho Koi" "Kya Aap Mere Marz Ko Achha Na Karenge" References External links 1932 films 1930s Hindi-language films Films directed by Premankur Atorthy Indian black-and-white films
Indian City is a Canadian folk-rock musical group best known for their 2017 Juno Award–nominated album Here & Now. Originally formed as a side project by Vince Fontaine of the band Eagle & Hawk, Indian City is a rotating collective of musicians sometimes described as "a sort of indigenous version of Broken Social Scene". Members and contributors have included Don Amero, William Prince, Jim Cuddy, Chantal Kreviazuk, Pamela Davis, Gabrielle Fontaine, Neewa Mason, Marty Chapman, Atik Mason, Gerry Atwell, Jamie Carrasco, Jay Bodner, Jeremy Koz, Rena Semenko, Steve Broadhurst, Rich Reid, and Shannon McKenney. History Indian City formed in 2012, and the band's debut album Supernation was released in August of that year, accompanied by a concert in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Supernation won Best Pop Album, and Amero won Male Entertainer of the Year for both his work with Indian City and his solo album Heart on My Sleeve, at that year's Aboriginal Peoples Choice Music Awards. They followed up with a second album, Colors, in 2013. In 2015 Indian City released a single, One Day, which reaches out to those having thoughts of suicide. Here & Now, their third album, was released on 15 February 2017. The song, "Through the Flood", won Best Music video performance from the Native American Music Awards (NAMALIVE). Three of the songs from the album won the Indian Summer Music Awards in 2017: "Tree of Life" as Best Country; "Seasons" as Best Pop; and "Here & Now" as Best Rock. The album was nominated for the 2018 Indigenous Music Album of the Year for the Juno Awards. One of the songs on this album, "Through the Flood", features Don Amero and directly addresses the issues of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls in Canada. In 2018 the band performed at a concert to raise awareness of the issue. Code Red, their fourth album, was released during the fall of 2021. This album featured guest artists Jim Cuddy, Chantal Kreviazuk, and Don Amero. However, in January 2022 their band leader, Vince Fontaine, passed away from a sudden heart attack. The band decided to continue with Code Red, and the album was re-released by Warner Music Canada on 30 September 2022, the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation. Code Red was nominated for Contemporary Indigenous Artist of the Year at the 2022 Juno Awards. See also Indigenous music of Canada References External links 2011 establishments in Canada Canadian folk rock groups First Nations musical groups Juno Award for Indigenous Music Album of the Year winners Musical groups established in 2011 Musical groups from Winnipeg
Dorothea Mierisch (1885–1977) was an American artist born in New York City in 1885, and she died in Hopewell, New Jersey in 1977. In 1936, Mierisch participated in the annual exhibition held at the Art Institute of Chicago and presented a painting titled Abandoned Quarry. In 1939, she painted a mural at the post office of Bamberg, South Carolina, depicting the map of the cotton trade route. The U. S. Treasury Department's Section of Painting and Sculpture commissioned the work. In 1941, she painted another mural, "The First Official Airmail Flight", at the McLeansboro, Illinois, post office, celebrating a flight that took place in the town on September 26, 1912. A study of this mural is held by the Smithsonian American Art Museum. The National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C. owns five of her drawings depicting clothes. References 1885 births 1977 deaths 20th-century American painters American muralists American women painters Painters from New York City Artists from New Jersey 20th-century American women Section of Painting and Sculpture artists
"The Man with the Twisted Lip", one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is the sixth of the twelve stories in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. The story was first published in the Strand Magazine in December 1891. Doyle ranked "The Man with the Twisted Lip" sixteenth in a list of his nineteen favourite Sherlock Holmes stories. Plot summary The story begins when a friend of Dr. Watson's wife comes to Watson's house, frantic because her husband, who is addicted to opium, has gone missing. Watson helps her pull him out of the opium den and sends him home. Watson is surprised to find that Sherlock Holmes is there too, in disguise and trying to get information to solve a different case about a man who has disappeared. Watson stays to listen to Holmes tell the story of the case of Neville St. Clair. St. Clair is a prosperous, respectable, punctual man. His family's home is in the country, but he visits London every day on business. One day when Mr. St. Clair was in London, Mrs. St. Clair also went to London separately. She happened to pass down Upper Swandam Lane, a "vile alley" near the London docks, where the opium den is. Glancing up, she saw her husband at a second-floor window of the opium den. He vanished from the window immediately, and Mrs. St. Clair was sure that there was something wrong. She tried to enter the building; but her way was blocked by the opium den's owner, a lascar. She fetched the police, but they did not find Mr. St. Clair. The room behind the window was the lair of a dirty, disfigured beggar, known to the police as Hugh Boone. The police were about to put her story down as a mistake of some kind when Mrs. St. Clair noticed a box of wooden toy bricks that her husband said he would buy for their son. A further search turned up some of St. Clair's clothes. Later, his coat, with the pockets stuffed with hundreds of pennies and halfpennies, was found on the bank of the River Thames, just below the building's back window. Hugh Boone was arrested at once, but would say nothing, except to deny any knowledge of St. Clair. He also resisted any attempt to make him wash. Holmes was initially quite convinced that St. Clair had been murdered, and that Boone was involved. Thus he investigated the den in disguise. He and Watson return to St. Clair's home, to a surprise. It is several days after the disappearance; but on that day Mrs. St. Clair had received a letter from her husband in his own handwriting, with his wedding ring enclosed, telling her not to worry. This forces Holmes to reconsider his conclusions, leading him eventually to an extraordinary solution. Holmes and Watson go the police station where Hugh Boone is held; Holmes brings a bath sponge in a Gladstone bag. Finding Boone asleep, Holmes washes the sleeping Boone's dirty face—revealing Neville St. Clair. Mr. St. Clair has been leading a double life, as a respectable businessman, and as a beggar. In his youth, he had been an actor before becoming a newspaper reporter. In order to research an article, he had disguised himself as a beggar for a short time, and was able to collect a surprising amount of money due to a skillset uncommon to beggars; his actor's skills enabled him to emulate a more sympathetic character with make-up, as well as provide a repertoire of witty dialogue with which to entertain passers-by to offer coins—he was as much a street performer as a beggar. Later, he was saddled with a large debt, and returned to the street to beg for several days to pay it off. His newspaper salary was meagre and, tempted by the much larger returns of begging, he eventually became a "professional" beggar. His takings were large enough that he was able to establish himself as a country gentleman, marry well, and begin a respectable family. His wife and children never knew what he did for a living, and when arrested, he feared exposure more than prison or the gallows. But there is no murder, so he is released, and Holmes and the police agree to keep Mr. St. Clair's secret as long as no more is heard of Hugh Boone. Points of interest The ability of St. Clair to earn a good living begging is considered by some to be an unlikely event, but others disagree. Doyle may have got the idea of a professional man making his money from begging from a short story by William Makepeace Thackeray called "Miss Shum's Husband" (1838). The morning the mystery is solved Watson awakes about 4:25 a.m., yet the summer sun is said to shine brightly already. In one in-universe point of interest, Watson's wife Mary calls him by the name "James" despite his established first name being "John". This led Dorothy L. Sayers to speculate that Mary may be using his middle name Hamish (an Anglicisation of "Sheumais", the vocative form of "Seumas", the Scottish Gaelic for James), though Doyle himself never addresses this beyond including the initial. Publication history "The Man with the Twisted Lip" was first published in the UK in The Strand Magazine in December 1891, and in the United States in the US edition of the Strand in January 1892. The story was published with ten illustrations by Sidney Paget in The Strand Magazine. It was included in the short story collection The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, which was published in October 1892. Adaptations Film and television A silent short film version of the story titled The Man with the Twisted Lip was released in 1921. It was made as part of the Stoll film series starring Eille Norwood as Holmes. In 1951, Rudolph Cartier produced an adaptation entitled The Man Who Disappeared. This adaptation was a pilot for a proposed television series starring John Longden as Holmes and Campbell Singer as Watson. In 1964, the story was adapted into an episode of the BBC series Sherlock Holmes starring Douglas Wilmer and Nigel Stock, with Peter Madden as Inspector Lestrade and Anton Rodgers as Neville St Clair. The adaptation developed St Clair's attributed ability at repartee by showing him quoting from the classics, including Shakespeare. Granada Television also produced a version in 1986, adapted by Alan Plater as part of their The Return of Sherlock Holmes television series, starring Jeremy Brett and Edward Hardwicke, with Denis Lill as Inspector Bradstreet, Clive Francis as Neville St. Clair, and Albert Moses as the Lascar. An episode of the animated television series Sherlock Holmes in the 22nd Century was adapted from the story. The episode, titled "The Man with the Twisted Lip", aired in 2000. The 2014 Sherlock episode "His Last Vow" begins with Sherlock being found in a drug den by John, reminiscent of the scene in the opium den from this story. Radio Edith Meiser adapted the story as an episode of the American radio series The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, which aired on 24 November 1930, starring Richard Gordon as Sherlock Holmes and Leigh Lovell as Dr. Watson. Remakes of the script aired on 12 May 1935 (with Louis Hector as Holmes and Lovell as Watson) and 22 February 1936 (with Gordon as Holmes and Harry West as Watson). Meiser also adapted the story as an episode of the American radio series The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, with Basil Rathbone as Holmes and Nigel Bruce as Watson, that aired on 23 October 1939. Other episodes in the same series that were adapted from the story aired in 1940, 1943, 1944, and 1946 (with Frederick Worlock as Neville St Clair and Herbert Rawlinson as Inspector Bradstreet). A radio adaptation aired on the BBC Light Programme in 1959, as part of the 1952–1969 radio series starring Carleton Hobbs as Holmes and Norman Shelley as Watson. It was adapted by Michael Hardwick. "The Man with the Twisted Lip" was dramatised by Peter Mackie for BBC Radio 4 in 1990, as part of the 1989–1998 radio series starring Clive Merrison as Holmes and Michael Williams as Watson. The story was adapted as an episode of The Classic Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, a series on the American radio show Imagination Theatre, with John Patrick Lowrie as Holmes and Lawrence Albert as Watson. The episode first aired in 2012. See also Arthur Pember, a real-life 19th-century journalist who published stories based on disguising himself as a beggar References Notes Sources External links Sherlock Holmes short stories by Arthur Conan Doyle 1891 short stories Fictional beggars Works originally published in The Strand Magazine Short stories about drugs Short stories adapted into films Works about opium
This is a list of Spanish heads of state, that is, kings and presidents that governed the country of Spain in the modern sense of the word. The forerunners of the Spanish throne were the following: Kings of Asturias Kings of Navarre Kings of León Kings of Galicia Kings of Aragon Kings of Castile These lineages were eventually united by the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon (king of the Crown of Aragon) and Isabella I of Castile (queen of the Crown of Castile). Although their kingdoms continued to be separate, with their personal union they ruled them together as one dominion. Spain was thereafter governed as a dynastic union by the House of Trastámara, the House of Habsburg, and the House of Bourbon until the Nueva Planta decrees merged Castile and Aragon into one kingdom. During the First Spanish Republic (1873–1874), Spain had heads of state known as the President of the Executive Power. However, it is only during the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939) that the official title of President of Spain (or President of the Republic) existed. Today, Spain is a constitutional monarchy, and there is thus no person holding the title of President of Spain. However, the prime minister holds the official title of President of the Government. Kingdom of Spain (1479–1873) House of Trastámara (1479–1555) Under Isabella and Ferdinand, the royal dynasties of Castile and Aragon, their respective kingdoms, were united into a single line. Historiography of Spain generally treats this as the formation of the kingdom of Spain, but in actuality, the two kingdoms continued for many centuries with their own separate institutions. It was not until the Nueva Planta decrees of the early 18th century that the two lands were formally merged into a single state. House of Habsburg (1516–1700) Following the deaths of Isabella (1504) and Ferdinand (1516), their daughter Joanna inherited the Spanish kingdoms. However, she was kept prisoner at Tordesillas due to her mental disorder. As Joanna's son, Charles I (the future Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V), did not want to be merely a regent, he proclaimed himself king of Castile and Aragon jointly with his mother. Subsequently, the Castilian and Aragonese Cortes alleged oath to him as co-monarch with his mother. Upon her death, he became sole King of Castile and Aragon, and the thrones were left permanently united to Philip II of Spain and successors. Traditional numbering of monarchs follows the Castillian crown; i.e. after King Ferdinand (II of Aragon and V of Castile jure uxoris as husband of Queen of Castille Isabella I), the next Ferdinand was numbered VI. Likewise, Alfonso XII takes his number following that of Alfonso XI of Castile rather than that of Alfonso V of Aragon, the prior Spanish monarchs with that name. Disputed claimant In 1700 Charles II died. Charles' will named the 16-year-old Philip, the grandson of Charles' sister Maria Theresa of Spain and King Louis XIV of France, as his successor to the whole Spanish Empire. Upon any possible refusal of the undivided Spanish possessions, the Crown of Spain would be offered next to Philip's younger brother Charles, duc de Berry, or, next, to Archduke Charles of Austria. Archduke Charles of Austria had a legal right to the Spanish throne due to the fact that Charles's father, Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, was the son of Charles' aunt Maria Anna of Austria, but Philip still had the better claim because Philip's grandfather, King Louis XIV of France, was the son of Charles' aunt Anne of Austria, the older of the sisters of Philip IV. However, Philip IV had stipulated in his will the succession should pass to the Austrian Habsburg line, and the Austrian branch also claimed that Maria Theresa of Spain, Philip's grandmother, had renounced the Spanish throne for herself and her descendants as part of her marriage contract. This was countered by the French claim that it was on the basis of a dowry that had never been paid. Thus, the war broke out and Archduke Charles was proclaimed king of Spain, as Charles III, opposite to Philip V. Charles renounced his claims to the Spanish throne in the Treaty of Rastatt of 1714, but was allowed the continued use of the styles of a Spanish monarch for his lifetime. Philip ascended the Spanish throne but forever renounced his claim to the throne of France for himself and his descendants. House of Bourbon (1700–1808) House of Bonaparte (1808–1813) The only monarch from this dynasty was Joseph I, imposed by his brother Napoleon I of France after Charles IV and Ferdinand VII had abdicated. The title used by Joseph was King of the Spains and the Indias, by divine grace and the Constitution of the State. He was also later given all of the titles of the previous kings. A government in opposition to the French was formed in Cádiz on 25 September 1808, which continued to recognize the imprisoned Ferdinand VII as king. This government was diplomatically recognized as the legitimate Spanish government by Britain and other countries at war with France. House of Bourbon (1813–1868; first restoration) Charles IV's eldest son was restored to the throne. Again the title used was king of Castile, Leon, Aragon,… by divine grace. House of Savoy (1870–1873) After the Spanish Revolution of 1868 deposed Isabella II, there was established a provisional government and a regency headed by Francisco Serrano y Domínguez, who acted as Head of State, from October 8, 1868 until December 4, 1870 while it was requested a new monarch. Amadeo I was elected as king and the new title used was King of Spain, by divine grace and will of nation. First Spanish Republic (1873–1874) The First Spanish Republic started with the abdication as King of Spain on February 10, 1873 of Amadeo I, following the Hidalgo Affair, when he had been required by the radical government to sign a decree against the artillery officers. The next day, February 11, the republic was declared by a parliamentary majority made up of radicals, republicans and democrats. It lasted twenty-three months. Presidents of the Republic Kingdom of Spain (1874–1931) House of Bourbon (1874–1931; second restoration) Isabella II's eldest son was restored to the throne. Constitutional king of Spain. Between the death of Alfonso XII and the birth of Alfonso XIII, there was a period of seven months where the pregnant Queen Maria Christina served as Head of State with the title of Regent for her daughter Maria de las Mercedes, who was declared to be "Queen in Name" until the gender of her baby sibling was known. Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939) The Second Spanish Republic was the system of government in Spain between April 14, 1931 when Alfonso XIII left the country following a period of social unrest after the collapse of General Primo de Rivera's dictatorship a year earlier, and April 1, 1939 when the last of the Republican (republicanos) forces surrendered to the Nationalist (nacionales) forces led by Francisco Franco, at the end of the Spanish Civil War. Presidents of the Republic Spanish Republican government in exile (1939–1977) Presidents in exile Francoist Spain (1936–1975) On October 1, 1936 General Francisco Franco was proclaimed Head of State (Caudillo) in parts of Spain controlled by Nationalist (nacionales) forces after the Spanish Civil War broke out. After the end of war on April 1, 1939 General Franco took control of the whole of Spain. In 1947, Franco proclaimed the restoration of the monarchy, but did not allow the pretender, Juan de Borbón, Count of Barcelona, to take the throne. In 1969, Franco declared that Juan Carlos, styled as the Prince of Spain, the Count of Barcelona's son, would be his successor. After Franco's death in 1975, Juan Carlos succeeded him as the King of Spain. Kingdom of Spain (1975–present) House of Bourbon (1975–present; third restoration) Alfonso XIII's claim descended (due to his two eldest sons' renunciations) to his third son, Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona, who was passed over in favour of his eldest son, whose title became King of Spain. The Count of Barcelona renounced his claims in favour of his son in 1977, two years after Franco's death and Juan Carlos's accession. Juan Carlos abdicated in favor of his son Felipe VI, who became King on 19 June 2014, with Felipe's oldest daughter Infanta Leonor next in succession. See also Monarchy of Spain List of Spanish monarchs List of Spanish regents Monarchs of Spain family tree Succession to the Spanish throne List of Spanish consorts War of the Spanish Succession President of the Republic (Spain) Prime Minister of Spain List of prime ministers of Spain Carlism – about pretenders who have tried to substitute the Isabelline monarchs. References External links Monarchs of Spain (700–present) Spain Heads of state of Spain Heads of state Lists of Spanish nobility
Sociedad Anónima de Vehículos Automoviles (SAVA) was a Spanish producer of light and medium commercial vehicles, based in Valladolid. History The company started in 1957 with a 3-wheeled vehicle called the SAVA P-54, which could carry a two-ton load, but soon switched to make a Barreiros-engined light truck. From 1960 to 1963, SAVA built heavier models based on several British-designed Austin, Morris and BMC commercial vehicles but with Spanish-built cabs. They were marketed as SAVA, SAVA-Austin, or SAVA-BMC. They subsequently gave way to the successful SAVA S-76 model, a large van, and the well-known Austin FG. For a short while SAVA also assembled the heavy French Berliet GPS-12, sold as SAVA-Berliet. In early 60s, Sava were making steel cabs of their own design, and from then on only the Sava badge was used. Soon a range of lorries was introduced, starting with the SAVA WF-3, a bonneted model that was based on the designs of the earlier, British models. Another SAVA that existed was the SAVA FF diesel FC (forward control) a 5 Ton lorry and an improved SAVA FG 7 Ton truck model was launched all of which were based on old BMC models and were mostly identical to those made in the UK before. In 1965 Enasa, the maker of Pegaso trucks, took over SAVA, but the SAVA brand subsisted until 1969, after which the range was rebadged as Pegaso. Until the 1980s these were renamed and produced as the well-known Pegaso SAVA J4-1100 range of vans and there was also the popular SAVA FC light trucks, coaches, minibuses and panel vans all of these were 6 Ton models, they were sometimes also badged as SAVA-PEGASO. Production of these SAVA vans ended in the late 1980s when Enasa was acquired by IVECO in 1990. Pegaso SAVA J4 and FC models can still be found all over Spain due to their low running-costs and plentiful spares. SAVA trucks were used by the Spanish Armed Police in their anti-riot operations. References External links Truck manufacturers of Spain Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Spain valladolid
Kenya competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, from 27 July to 12 August 2012. This was the nation's thirteenth appearance at the Olympics, they did not participate in the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal and the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow because of the African and United States boycott. National Olympic Committee Kenya (NOCK) sent a total of 47 athletes, 27 men and 20 women, competed in athletics (specifically in the middle-distance events and marathon), boxing, swimming and weightlifting. The Kenyan team featured four past Olympic champions: middle-distance runners Pamela Jelimo and Asbel Kiprop and steeplechase runners Brimin Kipruto and Ezekiel Kemboi. Among these champions, only Kemboi managed to recapture his gold medal from Athens, after winning the men's steeplechase event. Kenya's top swimmer Jason Dunford, who specialized in the butterfly and freestyle events, became the nation's first male flag bearer at the opening ceremony since 2000. Kenya left London with a total of 11 medals (2 gold, 4 silver, and 5 bronze), being the most successful African country in these Olympic games based on the overall medal standings. Two more medals were redistributed to Kenyan athletes after the games ended due to doping cases. All of these medals were awarded to the track and field athletes. Middle-distance runner and world champion David Rudisha became the first athlete to set a world record on the track in London, as he won the gold medal in the men's 800 m. Medalists Athletics Kenyan athletes have so far achieved qualifying standards in the following athletics events (up to a maximum of 3 athletes in each event at the 'A' Standard, and 1 at the 'B' Standard): Men Track & road events Field events Women Track & road events Boxing Kenya has qualified boxers for the following events Men Women Swimming Kenyan swimmers have so far achieved qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the Olympic Qualifying Time (OQT), and 1 at the Olympic Selection Time (OST)): Men Weightlifting Kenya has qualified 1 athlete. References External links Nations at the 2012 Summer Olympics 2012 Olympics
John Kidd (1 September 18388 April 1919) was a politician, store-keeper and dairy farmer in New South Wales, Australia. Born in Brechin, Forfarshire, Scotland, to boot manufacturer John Kidd and Elizabeth Souter, he received a limited education and was apprenticed at the age of thirteen as a baker and confectioner. In 1857 he arrived in New South Wales and became a baker in Sydney, with his bakery becoming a general store by 1876. In November 1860 he married Sophie Collier at Aberdeen, with whom he had three children. He visited the United Kingdom in 1877 and had a cattle property near Campbelltown. In 1880 Kidd was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Camden. he served until 1882 and then again from 1885 to 1887, 1889 to 1895, and 1898 to 1904. Kidd was Postmaster-General in the third Dibbs ministry from 1891 until 1894 and Secretary for Mines and Agriculture from 1901 to 1904 in the See ministry. He was a member of the Protectionist Party from 1887 until 1901 when he joined the Progressive Party. He had been a supporter of Federation from 1891. He was a commissioner for New South Wales for the exhibitions Adelaide in 1887 and Melbourne in 1888. Kidd died at Campbelltown on . References 1838 births 1919 deaths Protectionist Party politicians Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly Scottish emigrants to colonial Australia People from Brechin Politicians from Sydney Australian bakers
Checkerboard Hill (), also known as Kowloon Tsai Hill () and Tak Mee Mountain (), is a small hill in the northern part of the Kowloon peninsula in Hong Kong. Standing at tall, Checkerboard Hill is located next to Kowloon Tsai Park and the Lok Fu Service Reservoir Rest Garden () of Lok Fu Park (), and it is not far from Lion Rock Country Park. Name The hill's name dates back to the time when airline pilots had to navigate towards this hill in order to land on Runway 13 of the now-closed Kai Tak Airport. Pilots would set their onboard navigation systems to fly the Instrument Guidance System (IGS) path straight towards a large red and white checkerboard on the side of the hill, then once the checkerboard pattern was sighted and identified, they would make a low-altitude right-hand turn to align visually with Runway 13. Kai Tak Airport was demanding for pilots, and it required special training, since the approach to runway 13 could not be flown entirely by instrument, but required instead to aim towards a fixed obstacle, and then break away visually to land on its right. Closure of Kai Tak and checkerboard restoration Following the decommissioning of Kai Tak and the opening of Chek Lap Kok International Airport, the hill and the checkerboard became abandoned, wherein the latter became faded and overgrown with new trees. The checkerboard was not restored probably because it may confuse pilots landing at Chek Lap Kok, since the Kai Tak Runway 13 approach also involved flying over Lantau Island. During the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, from 2020 to 2021, restoration work was carried out on both the west and south sides of Checkerboard Hill. The checkerboard pattern was repainted to its original colors, and both the restored Checkerboard Hill and Kai Tak Runway Park now act as a monument to Kai Tak Airport. See also Geography of Hong Kong List of mountains, peaks and hills in Hong Kong Lion Rock References
```xml import * as React from 'react'; import type { Meta } from '@storybook/react'; import { ProgressBar } from '@fluentui/react-progress'; import { Steps } from 'storywright'; import { makeStyles } from '@griffel/react'; import { getStoryVariant, withStoryWrightSteps, TestWrapperDecoratorFixedWidth, DARK_MODE, HIGH_CONTRAST, RTL, } from '../utilities'; const useStyles = makeStyles({ paused: { '& *': { animationPlayState: 'paused !important', animationDelay: '-1s !important', }, }, }); export default { title: 'ProgressBar converged', decorators: [ TestWrapperDecoratorFixedWidth, story => withStoryWrightSteps({ story, steps: new Steps().snapshot('default', { cropTo: '.testWrapper' }).end() }), ], } satisfies Meta<typeof ProgressBar>; export const IndeterminateThickness = () => ( <div className={useStyles().paused} style={{ display: 'flex', flexDirection: 'column', rowGap: '20px' }}> <ProgressBar /> <ProgressBar thickness="large" /> </div> ); IndeterminateThickness.storyName = 'Indeterminate + thickness'; export const IndeterminateThicknessDarkMode = getStoryVariant(IndeterminateThickness, DARK_MODE); export const IndeterminateThicknessHighContrast = getStoryVariant(IndeterminateThickness, HIGH_CONTRAST); export const IndeterminateThicknessRTL = getStoryVariant(IndeterminateThickness, RTL); export const DeterminateThickness = () => ( <div style={{ display: 'flex', flexDirection: 'column', rowGap: '20px' }}> <ProgressBar value={0.5} /> <ProgressBar value={0.5} thickness="large" /> </div> ); DeterminateThickness.storyName = 'Determinate + thickness'; export const DeterminateThicknessDarkMode = getStoryVariant(DeterminateThickness, DARK_MODE); export const DeterminateThicknessHighContrast = getStoryVariant(DeterminateThickness, HIGH_CONTRAST); export const DeterminateThicknessRTL = getStoryVariant(DeterminateThickness, RTL); export const Error = () => <ProgressBar value={0.5} color="error" />; export const Warning = () => <ProgressBar value={0.5} color="warning" />; export const Success = () => <ProgressBar value={1} color="success" />; ```
Monieux (; ) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France. Geography The commune of Monieux is located on the plateau of the Mounts of Vaucluse, near to the commune of Sault. It shelters on its territory part of the classified as sites “Reserve of Biosphere” of the Ventoux Mount. Hydrology La Nesque flows through Monieux. Climate The commune is located in the zone of influence of the Mediterranean climate. The summers are hot and dry, related to the increase in altitude of the subtropical anticyclones, intersected with stormy episodes sometimes violent one. The winters are soft. Precipitations are not very frequent and rare snow. It there 275 days of sun per year. Demography Agriculture It primarily confines in an activity of medium mountains of the type of Provence with a production of lavender, of lavandin, of old variety of wheat and of the derivative products. Sheep breeding and the production of honey holds also an important place. History The town of Monieux is the possible site of a medieval pogrom that occurred at the end of the 11th century, as determined by Historian Norman Golb, but Dr. Ben Outhwaite, Head of the Geniza Research Unit of Cambridge University, summarized the findings of Hebrew University researchers Edna Engel and Yoseph Yahalom that strongly suggest the correct location of this attack is not Monieux at all, rather Muño, in northern Spain. The sole evidence of this attack by Crusaders on the community is indicated through the discovery of a manuscript in the Cairo Geniza. When Jacob Mann first translated the beginning portion of the document in 1931, the location of the attack described was misinterpreted as taking place in the province of Anjou. In 1969, however, when Norman Golb retranslated the document, he discovered that the referral to the pogrom’s location as a town did not coincide correctly with Mann’s assessment of the locale as Anjou, which was recognized as a province during the time period. Through further inspection, he found that an improper reading of the Hebrew script had led Mann further astray in his translation; Golb, therefore, ultimately published his translation of the document in its entirety, highlighting that Monieux and not Anjou was the site of the attack. The document, a vellum-inscribed letter written in Hebrew by Joshua B. Obadiah of Monieux, France, exposes the severe maltreatment of the Jewish people when their small community in southeastern France was attacked during the First Crusade of 1096–1099 CE. The manuscript itself serves a unique purpose in that it was not written in the context of memoirs such as those of Usama Ibn Munqidh and Fulcher of Chartres, but was constructed as a letter of recommendation for a woman of note who was living in the community of Monieux during the time of the pogrom. Obadiah’s writings feature an account of the profound misfortune of a proselytess, a woman who, having left her homeland after converting to Judaism, first took refuge in Narbonnne, France. There, she married R. David, a member of a well-respected family in the region. When she began to fear that her relatives would find her via the established Christian authority in Narbonne, she left the city and settled in the remote village of Monieux, France, roughly six years prior to the arrival of the Crusaders. Obadiah writes of the harrowing fate of the proselytess during the severe attack on the Jews by the French Crusaders, in which her husband was murdered in the synagogue and her two young children, a boy and a girl, were taken captive—likely to be converted to Christianity by the enemy. Left to care for her infant son, Obadiah describes the woman as penurious and “in thirst and nakedness, lacking all provisions, and with no fund to pay for her (daily needs) and (those of) her son.” With only a small number of Jews remaining after the pogrom, “a few from many,” the residents of Monieux no longer had the means to care for the widowed proselytess. This letter, therefore, written by a literate community member in Monieux, provides a full breadth of the woman’s hardships in hopes that she could present it to members of another Jewish community and be taken in there. The discovery of the letter in Egypt suggests that the woman may have travelled far eastward from Monieux after the pogrom, ultimately settling in the flourishing Jewish community of Cairo, where she could be cared for effectively. City sites and monuments Vestiges of an old castle / medieval tower dated from the 12th century Saint-Pierre Church, Roman style, 12th century Saint Michel Chapel(1643) Saint-Roch Chapel (1632). Saint-André Chapel Distillings of lavender factories Gorges of Nesque See also Communes of the Vaucluse department References Communes of Vaucluse
Rheinsberg Nuclear Power Station was the second nuclear reactor in East Germany after the Rossendorf Research Reactor, and the first nuclear power reactor in East Germany. It was built close to the city of Rheinsberg on the Stechlinsee. The power station was one of the first generation of demonstration power reactors. Following the shutdown of Rheinsberg nuclear power plant, power generation in Germany is primarily dependent on natural gas, coal and other fossil fuels, predominantly sourced from Russia. Start-up The project commenced in 1956, and construction began January 1, 1960. First criticality followed on March 11, 1966 (the reactor was not pressurised at that time however). Full start-up was on May 9, and commercial power production began on October 11, 1966. Achievement The single pressurized water reactor was of Soviet design – type VVER-210. Gross power of the station was 70 MWe, but 8 MWe was required to run plant systems, so net output to the grid was 62 MWe. Gross power output was subsequently raised to 75 MWe and then 80 MWe as operating experience increased. Cooling water was taken from the Nehmitzsee and by a special discharge channel was discharged into the Stechlinsee. The plant accumulated 130,000 hours of operating time. Safety The worst accident occurring in 1973 at the plant during operation was classified as an INES level-2 event. A tear in tubing in a cooling circuit was noticed quickly and was repaired. In 2011, Deutschlandradio Kultur produced a radioplay about this event. Rheinsberger Restlaufzeit combines a fictional story with original sound clips of the former spokesman of the nuclear power plant as he reconstructs the events of 1973. End of operations and decommissioning The power plant had been scheduled to be operated for 20 years until 1987; in 1986 (after renovation work) this was extended to 1992. However, on 1 June 1990 the impeding German reunification (which was completed three months later) put an end to operations, when the power station was permanently shut down by the last East-German government due to safety concerns. Since 1995 the plant has been undergoing decommissioning activities conducted by the company previously operating the plant during its active life (Energiewerke Nord GmbH). Radioactive materials are being moved to a temporary storage facility. The area is under consideration for either site "greening" or conversion into an industrial park once the plant has been dismantled. Picture on East German Currency The engraving on the reverse of the 1971 series East German 10 Mark banknote shows a female engineer at the control console of the Rheinsberg plant. The obverse features women's rights advocate Clara Zetkin. See also Repository for radioactive waste Morsleben Nuclear plants built in the former East Germany Stendal Nuclear Power Plant Greifswald Nuclear Power Plant References Former nuclear power stations in Germany East Germany–Soviet Union relations Nuclear power stations using VVER reactors Science and technology in East Germany
Fosthietan (chemical formula:) is a chemical compound used in insecticides and nematicides. References Insecticides Phosphoramidates Dithietanes Ethyl esters Nematicides
We Tell Stories is an alternate reality game launched in March 2008 by Six to Start in conjunction with Penguin publishers. Six authors have contributed stories to the project, one each week, which are displayed on the site using interactive internet media. Penguin are offering a prize of 1300 books to readers who can answer a series of questions based on the stories. The site received nearly 50,000 unique visitors in its first week. In March 2009, at the SXSW Web Awards, We Tell Stories won the Award in the experimentation category and the overall Best of Show Award. The six stories Each of the six stories is inspired by a Penguin classic novel. Charles Cumming, The 21 Steps; based on The 39 Steps by John Buchan In this fast-paced thriller readers follow the protagonist, Rick, on his journeys by the medium of Google Maps. Toby Litt, Slice; based on The Haunted Dolls’ House by M R James A troubled American girl is brought to London by her parents to make a fresh start. The story unfolds through Livejournal, WordPress and Twitter accounts. Kevin Brooks, Fairy Tales; based on Fairy Tales by Hans Christian Andersen This interactive story allows readers to input information and make "choose your own adventure" selections to create their own personalised fairy tale. Nicci French, Your Place and Mine; based on Thérèse Raquin by Émile Zola A story about two people, Terry and Laurence, that was typed in real time, from 7 to 11 April 2008. During this time readers observed the trains of thought of the two as their relationship changed, and saw how their opinions of the situation differed. In the end Laurence ends the relationship, though both sides believe it to be for different reasons. A story written by Matt Mason and designed by Nicholas Felton; based on Hard Times by Charles Dickens Mohsin Hamid, the (Former) General in his Labyrinth; based on Tales from the Thousand and One Nights References External links Interview with creators, Penguin digital publisher Jeremy Ettinghausen and Six to Start cofounder Adrian Hon Alternate reality games
Madeleine (Marthe, Marie) de Valmalète, born July 28, 1899, in Montreuil (Seine-Saint-Denis, at the time Seine), died August 2, 1999, in Marseille, was a French classical pianist. Biography A pupil of Joseph Morpain and Isidor Philipp, Madeleine obtained a 1st prize from the National Conservatory of Music in Paris at the age of 14. She won another first prize at the Isidor Philipp competition the following year. Writing to the latter to congratulate him on having developed such a talent, Saint-Saëns will say of her, after a performance of his Danse macabre: “virtuosity completely achieved, only the music remains”. One could not better describe her playing, as poetic as it is vigorous. After the First World War, she began an international career as a concert performer and played under the direction of Gabriel Pierné, Wilhelm Furtwangler, Arturo Toscanini, while she rubbed shoulders with Gabriel Fauré, Ravel, Jacques Thibaud, Ninon Vallin, Lotte Lehmann and Yehudi Menuhin. In love with the South of France, she moved to Marseille in 1926 and founded a piano school there. From 1949 to 1961, invited by Alfred Cortot, she taught at the Normal School of Music in Paris. At the same time, in 1955 she created a competition for piano lovers and traveled all over France to preside over sessions in many cities. In 1962, she moved to Grenoble where she taught until 1974 at the Regional Conservatory of Grenoble, directed at the time by Éric-Paul Stekel, then by André Lodéon. She then returned to her beloved city of Marseilles where she continued to teach privately while giving a few recitals (Liszt Salle Gaveau in 1986, Chopin's 24 Studies...), because she retained an extraordinary dynamism and technique until a very advanced age. In 1992, she still wanted to “delight with Mozart” and played four of his Sonatas for a final recording (private edition). The pianist Idil Biret, who met her in 1946 in Ankara, left a moving account of her elegant playing as well as the encouragement received during her musical training in Paris. She evokes her musical intelligence and her inspiration during recitals given each year in Paris at the Salle Gaveau. Discography Alexandre Aliabiev: Le Rossignol, arrangement by Franz Liszt (Polydor disc: Catalog B7084 No.90033) Frédéric Chopin and Franz Liszt, recital recorded in 1960 Frédéric Chopin: Quatre Ballades (Label MV 01) recorded in 1977 (Pathé Marconi/EMI disc) Franz Liszt: Rhapsody No.11 (Polydor disc: Catalog B7082 No.90032) Maurice Ravel: Le Tombeau de Couperin, Pleyel piano (Polydor record: No.618577) Sergueï Rachmaninov: Barcarolle (Polydor disc: Catalog B27298 No.95175) Madeleine de Valmalète performs Chopin and Liszt, Steinway piano: Ecossaises No.1, No.2, No.3, Berceuse, Etudes op.10/3, op.10/8, op.25/6, Valses op.34, op.64, Il Sospiro, Ronde des Elves, Third Consolation, Tenth Rhapsody (Editions Côte d'Azur, sound recording Guy Magnant and Roger Paul) Madeleine de Valmalète performs Bach - Beethoven - Falla: Fantasy in C minor (Bach), Sonata op.31 n03 and Sonata op.57 (Beethoven), Ritual Dance of Fire (De Falla) (catalog no.: FS1002) Madeleine de Valmalète performs Bach - Beethoven - Mendelssohn - Chopin (new edition by Pierre Verany: PV83014) Madeleine de Valmalète performs Liszt (2nd volume): The Water Games at the Villa d'Este, Nocturne No.3, Ronde des Elves, Forgotten Waltz, Rhapsody No.10, Sonata in B minor, La Leggierezza, Sonnet 104 of Petrarch, A Sospiro, La Campanella (Catalogue FS.1001) Famous works by Liszt: Rêve d'amour, La Campanella, La Chasse, Leggierezza (Ducretet - Thompson, La Voix du Monde LAP 1012) Prestige of French Interpreters (Keyboard music in the eighteenth century): works by Couperin, Scarlatti, Du Phly Four great French pianists (Blanche Selva, Madeleine de Valmalète, Marcelle Meyer, Yvonne Lefébure) ASIN: B000027GTS French pianists published by Tahra in 2008 Rediscovered Master, Arbiter 2005 (1928-1992, Mozart, Ravel, Liszt, Fauré, Debussy, Falla...) Diapason d'or https://arbiterrecords.org/catalog/madeleine-de-valmalete-rediscovered-master/ [archive] Legendary French pianists, Monique Haas, Madeleine de Valmalète, Meloclassic label, Saint-Saëns Concerto n° 2 (with André Audoli), Mozart Concerto K271 Jeunehomme (with Eric-Paul Stekel) Educational books Seven pieces for easy piano on French popular melodies of the 18th century (Jolies bergères) Five excerpts from the collection "I already play..." (very easy pieces in large notes published by Editions Delrieu 8001J2ZR9M): - No.08: Little lullaby and little march (M. de Valmalète) - No.09: Walk in the forest (M. de Valmalète) - No.10: The awakening at the farm (M. de Valmalète) - No.11: I'm having fun (M. de Valmalète) - No.12: With my songbook (M. de Valmalète) Posterity Madeleine de Valmalète is the sister of the famous impresario Marcel de Valmalète, and co-founder with him of one of the largest artist agencies in Europe: the Bureau de Concerts de Valmalète. His office was taken over in 1957 by Marcel's daughter, Marie-Anne (Annie) de Valmalète, then by her grandson Hervé Corre de Valmalète. In homage to Madeleine de Valmalète, the city of Marseille gave her name to a street in its fourteenth arrondissement. The famous piano competition survived him until 2012. References External links Authority (information science) Virtual International Authority File International Standard Name Identifier National Library of France Data National Library of Spain National Library of Poland World Cat Music resources Discogs AllMusic MusicBrainz 1899 births 1999 deaths 20th-century French women classical pianists People from Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis French centenarians
Huzur is one of the 230 assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh. It is a part of Bhopal district and came into existence in 2008 after the passing of the Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008. As of 2018, it is represented by Rameshwar Sharma of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Members of the Legislative Assembly Election results 2018 See also Bhopal district List of constituencies of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly References Assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh Bhopal district
Sebastiano Tusa (2 August 1952 – 10 March 2019) was an Italian archaeologist and politician who served as councilor for Cultural Heritage for the Sicilian Region of Italy from 11 April 2018 until his death on 10 March 2019. Tusa also served as a professor of paleontology at the Suor Orsola Benincasa University of Naples. Biography Sebastiano was the son of archaeologist Vincenzo Tusa. He had a degree in literature with a specialization in Paleontology from Sapienza University of Rome. As the manager of the Sicilian Regional administration since 1993 he was responsible for the archaeological section of the Regional Center for Design and Restoration. In 2003, during excavations he conducted in Pantelleria three Roman imperial portraits were found. Abandoning field research, Tusa dealt with the administration of cultural heritage in the roles of the Sicilian Region, leading the superintendency of Trapani. In 2004 he was appointed as the first Superintendent of the Sea by the Department of Cultural Heritage of the Sicilian Region. He organized archaeological missions in Italy, Pakistan, Iran and Iraq. In 2005, he led the excavations at Motya, bringing to light, the submerged road that leads to the island, as well as structures identifiable as quays. In 2008 Tusa and Folco Quilici made a documentary film on the prehistory of the Mediterranean at Pantelleria. The excavations he promoted, and conducted in the field by Fabrizio Nicoletti and Maurizio Cattani, also confirmed the role of Pantelleria as a "crossroads for merchants" in ancient times. In January 2010, he was named honorary member of the National Archaeologists Association. In 2012 he returned to head the Superintendence of the Sea of the Region. In March 2012 Tusa was a candidate for the Palermo city council in the list of FLI but lost the election. After leaving the Superintendency of the Sea, on 11 April 2018 he was appointed councilor for Cultural Heritage by the president of the Sicilian Region Nello Musumeci, replacing Vittorio Sgarbi. Academic work From the 2000s until his death, Tusa was a professor of Marine Archeology during a three-year degree in Marine Biology, based in Trapani, University of Palermo. He was also a professor of Paleontology at the Suor Orsola Benincasa University of Naples and a lecturer at the School of Arts and Humanities at the University of Bologna. In the academic year 2015-16 he was a contract professor at the Philipps University of Marburg in Germany. Death Tusa was one of 157 people killed in the crash of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, on 10 March 2019. The plane was flying from Addis Ababa to Nairobi. He was heading to Malindi, where he had been invited to attend a conference organized by UNESCO. He was 66 years old at that time. Tusa was survived by his wife, Valeria Patrizia Li Vigni, the director of the Palazzo Riso Museum of Contemporary Art in Palermo. Published works La preistoria nel territorio di Trapani, Marsilio, 1990. Mozia, Publisicula, 1990. Sicilia preistorica, Dario Flaccovio Editore, 1994. . La Sicilia nella preistoria, Sellerio, 1999, . Archeologia e storia nei mari di Sicilia, Magnus, 2010. . Selinunte, L'Erma di Bretschneider, 2011. . Sicilia archeologica, Edizioni di Storia e Studi Sociali, 2015. Primo Mediterraneo. Meditazioni sul mare più antico della storia, Edizioni di Storia e Studi Sociali, 2016 References External links 1952 births 2019 deaths Pages with unreviewed translations 20th-century archaeologists 21st-century archaeologists Italian archaeologists Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Ethiopia Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 2019 People from Sicily
George William Brown OBE FBA (born 1930) is a British medical sociologist who works in the field of social nature of mental illness. Life and work Brown was born in Portobello, London, in 1930, as one of non-identical twins. His father was a lens maker and his mother had been a waitress. He left school at 16 and initially moved between a number of jobs, including work in the . In 1948, he was called up for national service in the Air Force. He then went to University College London in 1951, studying archaeology and anthropology. After a series of jobs he obtained a research post at the Social Psychiatry Research Unit at the Maudsley Hospital. It was here that he began his research into schizophrenia. In the second half of the 1950s, Brown introduced the Expressed-Emotion-Concept, which since then has been broadly being adopted among researchers and practitioners in the fields of social psychiatry, psychiatry and therapy in general. In 1968 he moved to the Social Research Unit at Bedford College, London, where he became first deputy director, then joint Director. It was here that he developed his research into the social aspects of depression. He also developed with Margot Jefferys a MSc in medical sociology. Publications Wing, J.K., & Brown, G.W. (1970). Institutionalism and Schizophrenia: A Comparative Study of Three Mental Hospitals 1960–1968. Cambridge; Cambridge University Press. Brown, G.W., & Harris, T. (1978). Social origins of depression: A study of psychiatric disorder in women. London:Tavistock. Awards 1986 Fellow of the British Academy 1995 OBE in the 1995 Birthday Honours 2002 DUniv, University of Essex References 1930 births British sociologists Medical sociologists Academics of Bedford College, London Officers of the Order of the British Empire Living people Fellows of the British Academy
The women's 4 × 100 metre medley relay competition of the swimming events at the 1991 Pan American Games took place on 17 August. The last Pan American Games champion was the United States. Results All times are in minutes and seconds. Heats Final The final was held on August 17. References Swimming at the 1991 Pan American Games Pan
The Moab LDS Church is a historic church in Moab, Utah. It was built with adobe for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1888–1889, on land that belonged to Leonidas L. Crapo. The local bishop, Randolph H. Stewart, had acquired the land in 1884, and he later sold it to his second counselor, Orlando W. Warner. The church was designed in the Greek Revival style, and it was later stuccoed. The building was deeded to the Grand County School District in 1925. By 1937, the Daughters of Utah Pioneers began holding their meetings in the old church. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 28, 1980. References Adobe buildings and structures Meetinghouses of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Utah National Register of Historic Places in Grand County, Utah Greek Revival architecture in Utah Churches completed in 1889 1889 establishments in Utah Territory
Idiostethus tubulatus is a species of flower weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America. References Further reading Baridinae Articles created by Qbugbot Beetles described in 1831
Tresmeer (sometimes spelled Tresmere) () is a hamlet and a civil parish in northeast Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The hamlet is situated approximately seven miles (11 km) northwest of Launceston. The civil parish is bounded to the north by Treneglos and Tremaine parishes, to the east by Egloskerry, and to the west by Treneglos parish. The population of Tresmeer parish in the 2001 census was 216, increasing to 271 at the 2011 census. Tresmeer is in the Registration District of Launceston. The parish church of St Nicholas is in the churchtown at . Tresmeer was served by a railway station at the hamlet of Splatt on the North Cornwall Railway line until closure of the route in 1966. There is a Cornish cross in the churchyard. According to Arthur Langdon it was formerly in the churchyard of Laneast. He observed it in the 1890s placed at the head of the grave of a late vicar of Tresmeer. References External links North Cornwall Railway Civil parishes in Cornwall Hamlets in Cornwall
Pissotte () is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France. See also Communes of the Vendée department References Communes of Vendée
Cambourne Church is a "local ecumenical partnership" between the Church of England, Baptist Union of Great Britain, Methodist Church of Great Britain and the United Reformed Church. It is located in the heart of Cambourne, Cambridgeshire and provides Christian community in the area. The church is theologically diverse and maintains a lively range of traditions within its services. It is the Church of England parish church for Cambourne. The local Roman Catholic community called Saint John Fisher Church also worships within the church centre. History Cambourne is a new town nine miles west of Cambridge, designed as a series of three interlinked villages. Cambourne Church started meeting shortly after the first residents arrived in 1999, the first minister, Rev Peter Wood, was appointed in 2001. The church has grown steadily with the community, playing an instrumental role from its very beginning. It is a lively ecumenical partnership sponsored by the Church of England, the Baptist Union, the Methodist Church and the United Reformed Church, and in association with the Roman Catholic Church. The church building is on the corner of Jeavons Lane. The present The Revd Bill Miller (Baptist minister) is the present incumbent and has been in post since 2019. At present the church offers two services on a Sunday morning at 9:30 am (more traditional) and 11 am (contemporary). Groups for children and young people meet during the 11 am service. The church currently operates a community café (19 ~ The Coffee House). Governance The church land and buildings are owned by Shared Churches Ely, which is formed by representatives of the partner denominations. There is also a "Local Advisory Group", also made up of members of the partner denominations, which advises the Minister with regards to the direction of ministry at the Church. At a more direct level, the Church membership elect a Church Council to oversee the mission and ministry of the church. There is also a Ministry Team (made up of the Minister, Assistant Minister, wardens, administrator and other paid staff) which manages day-to-day ministry. References 1999 establishments in England Churches in Cambridgeshire Ecumenical councils Cambourne
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 O is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBE2O gene. UBE2O functions during terminal erythroid differentiation to eliminate generic cellular components in parallel with abundant synthesis of hemoglobin. References Further reading
Nashville Rebel is a box set by Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Nashville through Legacy Recordings in 2006. According to Allmusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine, it is "the first comprehensive, multi-label Waylon Jennings retrospective ever assembled," comprising ninety-two songs recorded between 1958 and 1994, with selections from the majority of the singer's recording career. The first track of the box set is the Buddy Holly-produced "Jole Blon," released in 1958, while the last is "I Do Believe," a song produced by Don Was that was included on The Highwaymen's 1995 release, The Road Goes on Forever. The other material on the box set covers Jennings' career chronologically, with songs ranging from his years on RCA's roster to later compositions from his short-lived stay at Epic Records; it ignores, however, the tracks from Jennings albums released on independent labels. The majority of the singer's charting singles are included in the package, as are collaborations such as "Mamas Don't Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys" with Willie Nelson and "Highwayman" with The Highwaymen. A notable addition is the previously unreleased "The Greatest Cowboy of Them All," a 1978 duet with Johnny Cash which was later recorded by Cash alone for A Believer Sings the Truth (1979) and The Mystery of Life (1991); two others, "It's Sure Been Fun" and "People in Dallas Got Hair," had never been released in the United States. Nashville Rebel was released on four CDs, with a 140-page booklet and liner notes by Rich Kienzle and Lenny Kaye. Track listing Disc 1 – 1958–1969 "Jole Blon" (Buddy Dee) – 1:56 "My Baby Walks All Over Me" (Billy Mize) – 2:09 "That's the Chance I'll Have to Take" (Waylon Jennings) – 2:06 "Stop the World (and Let Me Off)" (Carl R. Belew, W. S. Stevenson) – 2:03 "Anita, You're Dreaming" (Jennings, Don Bowman) – 2:26 "Time to Bum Again" (Harlan Howard) – 2:02 "(That's What You Get) For Lovin' Me" (Gordon Lightfoot) – 2:27 "Green River" (Howard) – 2:28 "Nashville Rebel" (Howard) – 1:51 "Mental Revenge" (Mel Tillis) – 2:23 "Love of the Common People" (John Hurley, Ronnie Wilkins) – 2:55 "The Chokin' Kind" (Howard) – 2:28 "Walk on out of My Mind" (Red Lane) – 2:20 "I Got You" (Gordon Galbraith, Ricci Mareno) – 2:38 With Anita Carter "Only Daddy That'll Walk the Line" (Jimmy Bryant) – 2:21 "Yours Love" (Howard) – 2:18 "Just to Satisfy You" (Jennings, Bowman) – 2:18 "Something's Wrong in California" (Wayne Carson, Rodney Lay) – 2:30 "Brown Eyed Handsome Man" (Chuck Berry) – 2:04 "Cedartown, Georgia" (Charles Cobble, Sammi Smith, Mack Vickery, Jimmy Peters) – 2:50 "I Ain't the One" (Miriam Eddy) – 2:14 With Jessi Colter "Singer of Sad Songs" (Alex Zanetis) – 2:58 "It's Sure Been Fun" (Howard) – 2:38 "Six White Horses" (Bobby Bond) – 2:38 "People in Dallas Got Hair" (Pat Davidson, John Walker) – 2:18 Disc 2 – 1970–1974 "The Taker" (Kris Kristofferson, Shel Silverstein) – 2:22 "Mississippi Woman" (Lane) – 2:50 "Lovin' Her Was Easier (Than Anything I'll Ever Do Again)" (Kristofferson) – 3:03 "(Don't Let the Sun Set on You) Tulsa" (Wayne Carson Thompson) – 3:07 "Sweet Dream Woman" (Al Gorgoni, Chip Taylor) – 3:00 "Ladies Love Outlaws" (Lee Clayton) – 2:33 "Under Your Spell Again" (Dusty Rhodes, Buck Owens) – 2:56 With Jessi Colter "Lonesome, On'ry and Mean" (Steve Young) – 3:40 "Pretend I Never Happened" (Willie Nelson) – 3:02 "You Can Have Her" (William Cook) – 2:41 "Honky Tonk Heroes" (Billy Joe Shaver) – 3:37 "Black Rose" (Shaver) – 2:29 "We Had It All" (Donnie Fritts, Troy Seals) – 2:46 "You Ask Me To" (Jennings, Shaver) – 2:32 "This Time" (Jennings) – 2:27 "It's Not Supposed to Be That Way" (Nelson) – 3:28 "Slow Rollin' Low" (Shaver) – 2:45 "I'm a Ramblin' Man" (Ray Pennington) – 2:48 "Rainy Day Woman" (Jennings) – 2:31 "Amanda" (Bob McDill) – 2:59 "Bob Wills Is Still the King" (Jennings) – 3:01 "Are You Sure Hank Done It This Way" (Jennings) – 2:56 "Waymore's Blues" (Jennings, Curtis Buck) – 2:42 "The Door Is Always Open" (McDill, Dickey Lee) – 2:39 "Dreaming My Dreams with You" (Allen Reynolds) – 2:25 Disc 3 – 1974–1980 "'T' for Texas" (Jimmie Rodgers) – 4:00 "Freedom to Stay" (Bill Hoover) – 4:02 "Good Hearted Woman" (Jennings, Nelson) – 2:56 With Willie Nelson "Suspicious Minds" (Mark James) – 3:59 With Jessi Colter "Can't You See" (Toy Caldwell) – 3:45 "Are You Ready for the Country" (Neil Young) – 3:11 "MacArthur Park (Revisited)" (Jimmy Webb) – 6:35 "Jack-A-Diamonds" (Daniel Moore) – 3:25 "Luckenbach, Texas (Back to the Basics of Love)" (Bobby Emmons, Chips Moman) – 3:20 With Willie Nelson "Brand New Goodbye Song" (Moman, Reggie Young) – 2:54 "The Wurlitzer Prize (I Don't Want to Get Over You)" (Emmons, Moman) – 2:09 "Mamas Don't Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys" (Ed Bruce, Patsy Bruce) – 2:33 With Willie Nelson "There Ain't No Good Chain Gang" (David Kirby, Hal Bynum) – 3:17 With Johnny Cash "I've Always Been Crazy" (Jennings) – 4:14 "Don't You Think This Outlaw Bit's Done Got Out of Hand" (Jennings) – 2:59 "The Greatest Cowboy of Them All" (Johnny Cash) – 3:42 With Johnny Cash "Come with Me" (Chuck Howard) – 3:02 "I Ain't Living Long Like This" (Rodney Crowell) – 4:47 "Clyde" (J. J. Cale) – 2:41 "Theme from The Dukes of Hazzard (Good Ol' Boys)" (Jennings) – 2:07 Disc 4 – 1980–1995 "Storms Never Last" (Colter) – 3:06 With Jessi Colter "Shine" (Jennings) – 2:51 "Just to Satisfy You" (Jennings, Bowman) – 2:49 With Willie Nelson "Women Do Know How to Carry On" (Jennings, Emmons) – 3:19 "(Sittin' on) The Dock of the Bay" (Otis Redding, Steve Cropper) – 3:23 With Willie Nelson "Lucille (You Won't Do Your Daddy's Will)" (Albert Collins, Little Richard) – 3:26 "Breakin' Down" (Joe Rainey) – 3:22 "Take It to the Limit" (Don Henley, Glenn Frey, Randy Meisner) – 3:49 With Willie Nelson "The Conversation" (Jennings, Hank Williams Jr., Richie Albright) – 3:52 With Hank Williams Jr. "I May Be Used (But Baby I Ain't Used Up)" (McDill) – 3:01 "Never Could Toe the Mark" (Jennings) – 2:58 "America" (Sammy Johns) – 3:45 "Waltz Me to Heaven" (Dolly Parton) – 3:07 "Highwayman" (Webb) – 3:03 With The Highwaymen "Drinkin' and Dreamin'" (Seals, Max Barnes) – 3:01 "Working Without a Net" (Don Cook, Gary Nicholson, John Barlow Jarvis) – 2:43 "Will the Wolf Survive" (David Hidalgo, Louie Pérez) – 3:30 "What You'll Do When I'm Gone" (Larry Butler) – 2:58 "Rose in Paradise" (Stewart Harris, Jim McBride) – 3:42 "Rough and Rowdy Days" (Jennings, Roger Murrah) – 2:34 "Wrong" (Steve Seskin, Andre Pessis) – 3:00 "I Do Believe" (Jennings) – 3:25 With The Highwaymen Waylon Jennings compilation albums 2006 compilation albums Compilation albums published posthumously Albums produced by Don Was Albums produced by Jimmy Bowen Albums produced by Chips Moman Legacy Recordings compilation albums RCA Records compilation albums Albums produced by Larry Butler (producer)
State Route 206 (SR 206, named the Mount Spokane Park Drive) is a state highway serving Mount Spokane State Park in the U.S. state of Washington. Beginning at U.S. Route 2 (US 2) north of Mead, the highway travels east through unincorporated Spokane County and northeast into the Selkirk Mountains, ending at the entrance to Mount Spokane State Park. The roadway, first constructed in the 1890s and reconstructed several times, was designated as SR 206 during the 1964 highway renumbering. Route description SR 206 begins as Mount Spokane Park Drive at an intersection with US 2 north of Mead and east of Mead Flying Service Airport. The highway travels east under a BNSF Railway line and serves Mt. Spokane High School before a roundabout with Bruce Road. SR 206 turns northeast, parallel to Deadman Creek, towards Green Bluff and the Selkirk Mountains. The highway ends at the entrance of Mount Spokane State Park, and the road continues northeast to serve the Mount Spokane Ski and Snowboard Park. Every year the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) conducts a series of surveys on its highways in the state to measure traffic volume. This is expressed in terms of average annual daily traffic (AADT), which is a measure of traffic volume for any average day of the year. In 2011, WSDOT calculated that between 210 and 10,000 vehicles per day used the highway, mostly in the Mead area. History During the 1890s, a road connecting Mead to Mount Carlton, later renamed to Mount Spokane, via Deadman Creek was constructed. The road to Mount Spokane was paved in 1921, and was later improved in the late 1940s. The Mount Spokane road was designated as SR 206, extending from US 2 north of Mead to Mount Spokane State Park, during the 1964 highway renumbering. The state legislature passed a bill creating the highway in 1963 with the designation of Secondary State Highway 6C, which was never signed. SR 206 was improved and re-paved in 1985, but remains prone to closures. Since 1964, no major revisions to the route of the highway have occurred, however the route was shortened by in 1999 after the construction of a new rail overpass. Major intersections References External links Highways of Washington States 206 Transportation in Spokane, Washington
The legal system in Sri Lanka comprises collections of codified and uncodified forms of law, of many origins subordinate to the Constitution of Sri Lanka which is the highest law of the island. Its legal framework is a mixture of legal systems of Roman-Dutch law, English law, Kandian law, Thesavalamai and Muslim law. This mixture is a result of the diverse history of the island as a result criminal law is based on English law while much of the common law is Roman-Dutch law, with certain aspects such as marriage, divorce, and inheritance associated with Kandian law, Thesavalamai and Muslim law based on the community and geography. The Supreme Court of Sri Lanka is the highest court for all criminal and civil cases in Sri Lanka. This is followed by the Court of Appeal, High Court, District Courts, Magistrates' Courts and Primary Court as part of the Sri Lankan judicial system. Judicial system Sri Lanka's judiciary consists of; Courts of law Supreme Court of Sri Lanka Court of Appeal of Sri Lanka High Court of Sri Lanka District Courts Magistrate's Courts Primary Courts Legal practitioners There were two types of practitioners; Advocates and Proctors based on English law, while since the implementation of the Justice Law No. 44 of 1973, there are only one type of legal practitioners authorized to represent others in all court of law in the island and are also authorized to give advice regarding any matter of law, known as Attorneys at law. Practitioners are divided between the official bar and unofficial bar. See also Attorney General of Sri Lanka Politics of Sri Lanka References
Komárom (Hungarian: ; ; , later ; ) is a city in Hungary on the south bank of the Danube in Komárom-Esztergom County. Komárno, Slovakia, is on the northern bank. Komárom was formerly a separate village called . In 1892 Komárom and Újszőny were connected with an iron bridge and in 1896 the two towns were united under the name city of Komárom. The fortress played an important role in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and many contemporary English sources refer to it as the Fortress of Comorn. History Following the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries, Prince Árpád gave Komárom and the Komárom county vicinity to tribal chieftain Ketel. Ketel was the first known ancestor of the famous Koppán (genus) clan. At the beginning of the 12th century, this tribe founded the town's Benedictine Monastery in honor of the Blessed Virgin, mentioned in 1222 by the name of Monostorium de Koppán. The Turks destroyed much of the monastery and its surroundings in 1529, and the area was thus depopulated. Later references refer to it as the Pioneer Monastery (Pusztamonostor). Presently, it is called Koppánymonostor (Koppán's Monastery) in honor of its founding family. Roman ruins (including a stone mile marker and watchtowers) still stand today. The town was heavily damaged in the 1763 Komárom earthquake. Between 1850 and 1871 the Fort Monostor (Monostori Erőd) was built nearby. In 1920 Komárom was split by the newly created border of Czechoslovakia. In 1920 Hungary was forced to sign the Treaty of Trianon recognizing the new imposed borders including the border with Czechoslovakia. The loss of its territory created a sizable Hungarian minority in Slovakia. The Slovak part is today Komárno, Slovakia. In 1938 the entire city was returned to Hungary, its Regent, Admiral Horthy receiving a tumultuous welcome from the citizens as he crossed the old bridge and entered the formerly dismembered part. At the end of World War II the city was again divided between Hungary and Czechoslovakia. After World War II the occupying Soviets built the country's biggest ammunition storage in the Fortress of Monostor. Thousands of wagons of ammunition were forwarded from this strictly guarded area. One of a series of forts, the Monostor is today open to the public as a museum. Komárom and Komárno are connected by two bridges: The older iron bridge, and a newer lifting bridge. Currently a third bridge is under construction with estimated completion by 2020/2021. The vast majority of its funding coming from the European Union's Connecting Europe Facility. The two towns used to be a border crossing between Czechoslovakia (today Slovakia) and Hungary, until both countries became part of the Schengen Area, resulting in all immigration and customs checks being lifted on December 12, 2007. Notable people Franz Heckenast (1889–1939), Austrian artillery officer and opponent of Nazism Jovan Monasterlija (d. 1706), Serb vice-voivode and Habsburg imperial officer Julie Kopacsy-Karczag (1867–1957), operatic soprano Cardinal Leopold Karl von Kollonitsch (1631–1707), Catholic prelate Franz Lehár (1870–1948), Austro-Hungarian composer Theodor Körner, Austrian President Mór Jókai (1825–1904), writer Hans Selye (1907–1982), Hungarian-Austrian-Canadian endocrinologist Tünde Szabó (1945–2021), Hungarian actress Péter Szijjártó (born 1978), Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Endre Komaromi-katz, painter Twin towns – sister cities Komárom is twinned with: Gratwein-Straßengel, Austria Khust, Ukraine Komárno, Slovakia Lieto, Finland Naumburg, Germany Sebeș, Romania Sosnowiec, Poland See also Komárno Komárom county Fort Monostor References External links in Hungarian, English, German and Slovak Aerial photography: Komárom Komárom on wiki.utikonyvem.hu "The Battle at Comorn in Hungary on 11th July 1849" - painting by Albrecht Adam, 1855 Populated places in Komárom-Esztergom County Divided cities Hungary–Slovakia border crossings Populated places on the Danube
George Lefevre may refer to: George Shaw Lefevre, 1st Baron Eversley, British politician Sir George William Lefevre, English physician and travel writer George Le Fevre, politician and surgeon in the colony of Victoria, Australia See also Georges Lefebvre, French historian
The Small Constitution of 1919 was the first constitution of the Second Polish Republic. It was formally called the "Legislative Sejm's ordinance of 20 February 1919, entrusting Józef Piłsudski with the further execution of the office of Chief of State" (Polish: "Uchwała Sejmu Ustawodawczego z dnia 20 lutego 1919 r. w sprawie powierzenia Józefowi Piłsudskiemu dalszego sprawowania urzędu Naczelnika Państwa"). The legislation was published as Dz. Pr. P.P. Nr 19, poz. 226. Provisions The Small Constitution declared that Poland has a parliamentary system, although it didn't define Poland as a republic. Executive powers were held by the Chief of State. He could name the ministers (with the consent of the Sejm); he and the ministers were responsible before the Sejm. The Chief of State (previously the Provisional Chief of State) no longer had legislative initiative and could not dismiss the Sejm; all his acts required the signature of the relevant minister. The Small Constitution was adopted and published on 20 February 1919 and went into effect a week later, on 27 February 1919. It was amended on 25 February 1920 and was supplanted on 1 June 1921 by the March 1921 Constitution. Footnotes References External links Full text of Small Constitution at the Adam Mickiewicz University website 1919 in law 1919 in Poland Constitutions of Poland Defunct constitutions Legal history of Poland 1919 documents
Francisco Bru Sanz (12 April 1885 – 10 June 1962), also known as Paco Bru, was a Spanish football player, referee and manager. As a footballer he played as a striker and midfielder for FC Internacional and as a defender for FC Barcelona, RCD Español and the Catalan XI. After retiring as a player, Bru became a referee and took charge of the 1916 and 1917 Copa del Rey finals. He later became the first ever manager of Spain, guiding them to the silver medal at the 1920 Olympic Games. As a manager with Real Madrid, then known as Madrid CF, he won the Copa de España twice during the 1930s. Playing career Paco Bru began his career in the spring of 1902 with FC Internacional —when he was only sixteen years — playing a friendly tournament called Medalla de la Federación Gimnástica Española (Medal of the Spanish Gymnastics Federation). He played ten out of twelve games as a striker and scored three goals, his team finishing sixth out of seven teams. On 30 November 1902, Bru made his debut in official competition, the Catalan football championship, in a 6–0 defeat to Club Español. Although in this particular match he played as a defender, he was mainly used in Internacional as a forward. Bru won the Copa Torino in 1904, a second-level league trophy. Two years later he joined FC Barcelona and, along with Romà Forns, helped the club win the Campionat de Catalunya three times in a row between 1909 and 1911. He also helped them win their first Copa del Rey in 1910. In 1911 he joined RCD Español winning two further Campionat titles and playing in another Copa final in 1915. He then returned to FC Barcelona and, together with Paulino Alcántara and Jack Greenwell, helped the club win one more Campionat. During his playing career he also played at least five times for the Catalan XI. However records from the era do not always include accurate statistics and he may have played more games. Refereeing career After retiring as a player Bru became a referee. According to legend, before his first game in charge he walked into the dressing room and pulled out a Colt pistol from his bag. He placed the gun on a table in the middle of the room for everybody to see and when finished changing, he stuffed the pistol down his shorts. After being asked by a player what was going on, he explained he wanted to guarantee a quiet match, given that it was his first game in charge. Bru went on to take charge of two Copa del Rey finals. In 1916 he was in charge as Athletic Bilbao beat Madrid FC 4–0. In the 1917 final Madrid FC returned and beat Arenas Club de Getxo. In 1917 Bru also refereed a friendly between the Catalan XI and a Castile XI. Coaching career Olympic Games In 1920 when the Royal Spanish Football Federation decided to send a team to the Olympic Games, Bru was one of three selectors chosen to pick the squad. However, after an initial training session, he found himself on his own. He subsequently rejected many of the players that turned up for the original session and insisted on the inclusion of more Basque players. With a squad that included Ricardo Zamora, Félix Sesúmaga, Pichichi, José María Belauste and Josep Samitier, Bru and Spain returned from the competition with the silver medal. The final stages of the tournament had descended into farce. Belgium won the gold medal by default after Czechoslovakia walked off in protest during the final, unhappy with the performance of the referee. As a result, they were disqualified and a second consolation tournament was organised to decide the silver and bronze medallists. However beaten semi-finalists, France, had already returned home, so the beaten quarter-finalists played-off for the right to play the other beaten semi-finalist, the Netherlands. Spain emerged triumphant after overcoming Sweden 2–1, Italy 2–0 and then beating the Netherlands 3–1 in the silver medal final. Real Madrid Bru had two spells as coach at Real Madrid. During his first spell with the club he guided the team to victory in two Copa de España finals. In 1934 he coached a team that included Ricardo Zamora, Josep Samitier and Jacinto Quincoces to a 2–1 win over a Valencia CF team coached by Jack Greenwell. The 1936 final saw Real meet FC Barcelona for the first time in a cup final. The Madrid club beat Barcelona 2–1 at the Mestalla in Valencia. The final is best remembered for a save made by Zamora. During the Spanish Civil War, Bru returned to Catalonia and coached Girona FC in the Mediterranean League. In 1939 he returned to Real Madrid for a second spell as coach. Others Bru was the coach of the Peru national team during the first ever World Cup in 1930. Honours Player FC Internacional Copa Torino: 1904 FC Barcelona Copa del Rey: 1910 Catalan Champions: 1908-09, 1909–10, 1910–11, 1915–16 RCD Español Catalan Champions: 1911-12, 1914–15 Manager Spain Olympic Games: Silver medal 1920 Madrid CF Copa de España: 1934, 1936 References External links Spain manager stats Copa del Rey 1916 Copa del Rey 1917 Sources Morbo: The Story of Spanish Football (2003), Phil Ball. Spanish football managers 1930 FIFA World Cup managers Spain national football team managers Peru national football team managers Spanish men's footballers Spanish football referees La Liga managers Real Madrid CF managers FC Barcelona players RCD Espanyol footballers Girona FC managers RCD Espanyol managers Granada CF managers Real Zaragoza managers 1885 births 1962 deaths Men's association football defenders Expatriate football managers in Cuba Expatriate football managers in Peru Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Cuba Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Peru Olympic coaches for Spain
Aswamedham was a reverse quiz program in Kairali TV, a Malayalam channel, in the format of twenty questions. It was one of the most successful programs in Kairali. This program, anchored by "Grandmaster" G. S. Pradeep, has entered the Limca Book of Records for the reaching 500 episodes. The second part of the program was started in November 2005 in Kairali TV. At one point, the Aswamedham set featured a galloping horse on a rotating pedestal. The Tamil channel Vijay TV aired the Tamil version of the program starting June 2006 under the name Grandmaster with Pradeep and Shilpa Kavalam as the anchor. Shakthi TV is also airing the Tamil version of Aswamedham with the Sinhalese subtitles and is titled as Shakthi Grandmaster. In literature, Aswamedham also refers to a drama written in the same name by Thoppil Bhasi. Notes 2000s Indian television series
Hemithecium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Vittore Benedetto Antonio Trevisan de Saint-Léon in 1853. Species , Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 22 species of Hemithecium. Hemithecium alboglaucum Hemithecium amboliense Hemithecium andamanicum Hemithecium argopholis Hemithecium canlaonense Hemithecium duomurisporum Hemithecium endofuscum Hemithecium flavoalbum Hemithecium flexile Hemithecium fulvescens Hemithecium himalayanum Hemithecium kodayarense Hemithecium lamii Hemithecium nagalandicum Hemithecium nakanishianum Hemithecium oshioi Hemithecium pulchellum Hemithecium radicicola Hemithecium rimulosum Hemithecium scariosum Hemithecium staigerae Hemithecium verrucosum References Graphidaceae Lichen genera Graphidales genera Taxa named by Vittore Benedetto Antonio Trevisan de Saint-Léon Taxa described in 1853
Vladimir Belonogov (born 6 July 1977) is a Kazakhstani rower. He competed in the men's single sculls event at the 2000 Summer Olympics. References 1977 births Living people Kazakhstani male rowers Olympic rowers for Kazakhstan Rowers at the 2000 Summer Olympics Sportspeople from Temirtau
Allen Pitts (born June 28, 1964) is a former receiver for the Calgary Stampeders in the Canadian Football League from 1990 to 2000. He attended Cal-State Fullerton and played his entire professional career as a receiver for the Calgary Stampeders. He retired as the CFL's all-time leading receiver in term of career yardage until he was passed by Milt Stegall in 2008. Career Pitts holds many Stampeder records including most career touchdowns with 117, which at the time was also a CFL record, and held the CFL All-Time receiving yards with 14,891 until September 12, 2008, when Milt Stegall broke the record; Pitts still holds the record for receiving yards by a Stampeder. He played in 5 Grey Cup games, and was instrumental in two Grey Cup victories in 1992 and 1998. In 1992 Pitts became the second CFL player to have more than one season with at least 100 receptions, but the first player to do so in consecutive seasons. The year prior, Pitts had 118 catches for 1764 yards and 15 touchdowns and then had 103 catches for 1591 yards and 13 touchdowns. Injuries in 1993 saw Pitts accumulate 45 receptions for 776 yards and 4 scores in just 7 games. However, he had a monster year in 1994 setting a new receiving yards record with 2036, a receptions record with 126, and a touchdown record with 21. The latter two have since been eclipsed by other players. The power of the Stampeders' passing attack was proved in 1995 despite a serious injury to star quarterback Doug Flutie. The rise of Jeff Garcia saw the two combine for over 3,000 yards, which gave Pitts 100 catches for 1492 yards and 11 touchdowns. Remarkably he was the team's second leading receiver, behind David Sapunjis (111-1653-12). This marked the first time a CFL team had two receivers with 100 or more receptions in the same season. Despite a very respectable season in 2000 with 77 catches for 1045 yards and six scores, the Stampeders chose to release the great receiver and he then retired rather than playing for another team. At the time of his retirement, Pitts held the record for career receptions with 966 but has since been passed by Darren Flutie with 972 and by Terry Vaughn with 1006. Currently Pitts shares the record for most games in a season with 100 more yards at 11 with Terry Greer, Hal Patterson, and Joey Walters. He also holds the career record for plus 100 yard receiving games with 64. Perhaps remarkably Pitts was the Stampeder nominee for the CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award twice in his career. The first in 1991, losing the division acknowledgment to Doug Flutie who was then with the Lions. His second came in 1999 and was the runner-up to Danny McManus of the Tiger-Cats. Being on a team that included, over the years, quarterbacks Doug Flutie, Jeff Garcia, and Dave Dickenson plus Kelvin Anderson at running back perhaps made being the team's award-nominee more difficult. He was elected into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame in 2006. He was enshrined on the Stampeders Wall of Fame in 2005, with the retirement of his jersey number 18. In November, 2006, Allen Pitts was voted one of the CFL's Top 50 players (#10) of the league's modern era by Canadian sports network The Sports Network/TSN. Statistics References External links Allen Pitts at the Canadian Football Hall of Fame 1964 births American football wide receivers American players of Canadian football Cal State Fullerton Titans football players Calgary Stampeders players Canadian Football Hall of Fame inductees Canadian football slotbacks Living people Players of American football from Tucson, Arizona
Mansbach is a village and a municipal district of Hohenroda in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district in eastern Hesse, Germany. Villages in Hesse
Ethan Persoff (born November 24, 1974 in Denver, Colorado) is an American cartoonist, archivist, and sound artist. His work as an archivist includes a complete digitization of Paul Krassner's counterculture magazine The Realist, and the website Comics with Problems, which has been featured on multiple segments of The Rachel Maddow Show. As a comics artist, he has been published by Fantagraphics, and received media attention for his website projects, including two projects with artist and co-collaborator Scott Marshall; a downloadable Halloween mask based on Senator Larry Craig and a Tijuana Bible based on George W. Bush and John McCain. His late granduncle was Nehemiah Persoff. Projects The Larry Craig Halloween Mask, a downloadable paper mask designed to be fit over a paper bag, received widespread media attention, including Air America, CBS News, and the Washington papers Politico and Roll Call. Other satires on Persoff's website include an entire cosmetic line of Sarah Palin lipstick, and an audio piece of an angered Mitt Romney supporter blended with orchestral music that went quickly viral on the Internet until being forced offline. From 2009 through 2011, Persoff served as art director for Barney Rosset's Evergreen Review. While working for the magazine, he also contributed two pieces of writing, a profile of the beat poet recording project Paris Records and a report on George W Bush's first post-presidential appearance as a motivational speaker, entitled "A Day Spent In Hell." In 2016, a coffee table book collection of the best comics from The Realist titled The Realist Cartoons was published by Fantagraphics. It was co-edited by Persoff and Paul Krassner and received two Eisner Award nominations: Best Archival Project and Best Publication Design. From 2013 through 2020, Persoff completed a comics biography with Scott Marshall of underground journalist John Wilcock. The strip was serialized on the website Boing Boing, and was recognized by Print, The New Yorker and New York magazines. It was included in The Best American Comics, 2017, edited by Ben Katchor. A completed collection of the John Wilcock comics was published in 2021. Since 2019, Persoff has produced a podcast entitled Spoken Word with Electronics. The show is serialized on the culture website Boing Boing. Archival work Persoff's website is recognized for its archive of scanned files of rare and unusual comics. The available titles on the site vary from the mundane, such as travel comics and educational booklets, to the disturbing, including comics that focus on drug use and racism. Socially conscious work is included as well, including a scan of the 1957 comic book Martin Luther King and the Montgomery Story. In 2006, Persoff acquired an original copy of the comic (indicating only a handful of copies were then known to exist), scanned it, and posted it on his blog for Martin Luther King, Jr. Day. In 2008, Persoff reported that the Cairo director of the American Islamic Congress (AIC) had translated the scanned comic into Arabic and Persian. The AIC's HAMSA (Hands Across the Mideast Support Alliance) initiative printed 2,500 copies of the translated comic, distributing them throughout Algeria, Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Yemen. When the Egyptian Revolution of 2011 broke out, U.S. Representative John Lewis spoke on MSNBC, stating "over 200,000 copies have been translated into Arabic and distributed through Egypt," and credited the mass-distribution of the 50-year-old comic as a contributing element in the Egyptian protests. Persoff mentioned the scanning and uploading of the document, and its subsequent role as source images for a peace campaign, to be "a good story about the value of putting things online, waiting 5-10 years, and seeing where they end up." Notable works Comics Teddy, webcomic (2001) The Pogostick (with Al Columbia), published by Fantagraphics (2003) The Adventures of Fuller Bush Man & John McCain, in "Obliging Lady", self-published (2008) - Tijuana Bible John Wilcock, New York Years, 1954–1971 (with Scott Marshall), serialized on Boing Boing (2013–2020) - Collected as a print collection in 2021 Radio Wire, online comic (2013-2016) The Bureau, online comic and music project (2018–present) Journalism "Ladies and Gentlemen, Paris Records - Conversations with Michael Minzer and Hal Willner," Evergreen Review (October 2009) "A Day Spent in Hell - Getting Motivated at Bush's First Public Appearance as Motivational Speaker," Evergreen Review (December 2009) "Skin So Thin, It's Inside Out" - Interview with Paul Krassner on Donald Trump - The American Bystander (May 2017) Music Save This For Later, It's Not Music: Chicago, 1993-1997 Snap! (2001) SPREE: An Escape From Reality (2005) Live at Harry's Loft (2010) The Bureau (2018) Podcast Spoken Word with Electronics (2020–present) Archival projects Comics with Problems (2005-2020) The Realist Archive Project (2007-2010) References External links Comics with Problems Teddy webcomic John Wilcock webcomic Realist Archive Project Bibliography of work American comics artists Alternative cartoonists 1974 births Living people Artists from Denver Writers from Denver
A storm drain, storm sewer (United Kingdom, U.S. and Canada), surface water drain/sewer (United Kingdom), or stormwater drain (Australia and New Zealand) is infrastructure designed to drain excess rain and ground water from impervious surfaces such as paved streets, car parks, parking lots, footpaths, sidewalks, and roofs. Storm drains vary in design from small residential dry wells to large municipal systems. Drains receive water from street gutters on most motorways, freeways and other busy roads, as well as towns in areas with heavy rainfall that leads to flooding, and coastal towns with regular storms. Even gutters from houses and buildings can connect to the storm drain. Many storm drainage systems are gravity sewers that drain untreated storm water into rivers or streams—so it is unacceptable to pour hazardous substances into the drains. Storm drains sometimes cannot manage the quantity of rain that falls in heavy rains or storms. Inundated drains can cause basement and street flooding. Many areas require detention tanks inside a property that temporarily hold runoff in heavy rains and restrict outlet flow to the public sewer. This reduces the risk of overwhelming the public sewer. Some storm drains mix stormwater (rainwater) with sewage, either intentionally in the case of combined sewers, or unintentionally. Nomenclature Several related terms are used differently in American and British English. Function Inlet There are two main types of stormwater drain (highway drain or road gully in the UK) inlets: side inlets and grated inlets. Side inlets are located adjacent to the curb and rely on the ability of the opening under the back stone or lintel to capture flow. They are usually depressed at the invert of the channel to improve capture capacity. Many inlets have gratings or grids to prevent people, vehicles, large objects or debris from falling into the storm drain. Grate bars are spaced so that the flow of water is not impeded, but sediment and many small objects can also fall through. However, if grate bars are too far apart, the openings may present a risk to pedestrians, bicyclists, and others in the vicinity. Grates with long narrow slots parallel to traffic flow are of particular concern to cyclists, as the front tire of a bicycle may become stuck, causing the cyclist to go over the handlebars or lose control and fall. Storm drains in streets and parking areas must be strong enough to support the weight of vehicles, and are often made of cast iron or reinforced concrete. Some of the heavier sediment and small objects may settle in a catch basin, or sump, which lies immediately below the outlet, where water from the top of the catch basin reservoir overflows into the sewer proper. The catchbasin serves much the same function as the "trap" in household wastewater plumbing in trapping objects. In the United States, unlike the plumbing trap, the catch basin does not necessarily prevent sewer gases such as hydrogen sulfide and methane from escaping. However, in the United Kingdom, where they are called gully pots, they are designed as true water-filled traps and do block the egress of gases and rodents. Most catchbasins contain stagnant water during drier parts of the year and can, in warm countries, become mosquito breeding grounds. Larvicides or disruptive larval hormones, sometimes released from "mosquito biscuits", have been used to control mosquito breeding in catch basins. Mosquitoes may be physically prevented from reaching the standing water or migrating into the sewer proper by the use of an "inverted cone filter". Another method of mosquito control is to spread a thin layer of oil on the surface of stagnant water, interfering with the breathing tubes of mosquito larvae. The performance of catch basins at removing sediment and other pollutants depends on the design of the catchbasin (for example, the size of the sump), and on routine maintenance to retain the storage available in the sump to capture sediment. Municipalities typically have large vacuum trucks that perform this task. Catch basins act as the first-line pretreatment for other treatment practices, such as retention basins, by capturing large sediments and street litter from urban runoff before it enters the storm drainage pipes. Piping Pipes can come in many different cross-sectional shapes (rectangular, square, bread-loaf-shaped, oval, inverted pear-shaped, egg shaped, and most commonly, circular). Drainage systems may have many different features including waterfalls, stairways, balconies and pits for catching rubbish, sometimes called Gross Pollutant Traps (GPTs). Pipes made of different materials can also be used, such as brick, concrete, high-density polyethylene or galvanized steel. Fibre reinforced plastic is being used more commonly for drain pipes and fittings. Outlet Most drains have a single large exit at their point of discharge (often covered by a grating) into a canal, river, lake, reservoir, sea or ocean. Other than catchbasins, typically there are no treatment facilities in the piping system. Small storm drains may discharge into individual dry wells. Storm drains may be interconnected using slotted pipe, to make a larger dry well system. Storm drains may discharge into human-made excavations known as recharge basins or retention ponds. Environmental impacts Water quantity Storm drains are often unable to manage the quantity of rain that falls during heavy rains and/or storms. When storm drains are inundated, basement and street flooding can occur. Unlike catastrophic flooding events, this type of urban flooding occurs in built-up areas where human-made drainage systems are prevalent. Urban flooding is the primary cause of sewer backups and basement flooding, which can affect properties repeatedly. Clogged drains also contribute to flooding by the obstruction of storm drains. Communities or cities can help reduce this by cleaning leaves from the storm drains to stop ponding or flooding into yards. Snow in the winter can also clog drains when there is an unusual amount of rain in the winter and snow is plowed atop storm drains. Runoff into storm sewers can be minimized by including sustainable urban drainage systems (UK term) or low impact development or green infrastructure practices (US terms) into municipal plans. To reduce stormwater from rooftops, flows from eaves troughs (rain gutters and downspouts) may be infiltrated into adjacent soil, rather than discharged into the storm sewer system. Storm water runoff from paved surfaces can be directed to unlined ditches (sometimes called swales or bioswales) before flowing into the storm sewers, again to allow the runoff to soak into the ground. Permeable paving materials can be used in building sidewalks, driveways and in some cases, parking lots, to infiltrate a portion of the stormwater volume. Many areas require that properties have detention tanks that temporarily hold rainwater runoff, and restrict the outlet flow to the public sewer. This lessens the risk of overburdening the public sewer during heavy rain. An overflow outlet may also connect higher on the outlet side of the detention tank. This overflow prevents the detention tank from completely filling. Restricting water flow and temporarily holding the water in a detention tank public this way makes it far less likely for rain to overwhelm the sewers. Water quality The first flush from urban runoff can be extremely dirty. Storm water may become contaminated while running down the road or other impervious surface, or from lawn chemical run-off, before entering the drain. Water running off these impervious surfaces tends to pick up gasoline, motor oil, heavy metals, trash and other pollutants from roadways and parking lots, as well as fertilizers and pesticides from lawns. Roads and parking lots are major sources of nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, lead and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are created as combustion byproducts of gasoline and other fossil fuels. Roof runoff contributes high levels of synthetic organic compounds and zinc (from galvanized gutters). Fertilizer use on residential lawns, parks and golf courses is a significant source of nitrates and phosphorus. Separation of undesired runoff can be achieved by installing devices within the storm sewer system. These devices are relatively new and can only be installed with new development or during major upgrades. They are referred to as oil-grit separators (OGS) or oil-sediment separators (OSS). They consist of a specialized manhole chamber, and use the water flow and/or gravity to separate oil and grit. Mosquito breeding Catch basins are commonly designed with a sump area below the outlet pipe level—a reservoir for water and debris that helps prevent the pipe from clogging. Unless constructed with permeable bottoms to let water infiltrate into underlying soil, this subterranean basin can become a mosquito breeding area, because it is cool, dark, and retains stagnant water for a long time. Combined with standard grates, which have holes large enough for mosquitoes to enter and leave the basin, this is a major problem in mosquito control. Basins can be filled with concrete up to the pipe level to prevent this reservoir from forming. Without proper maintenance, the functionality of the basin is questionable, as these catch basins are most commonly not cleaned annually as is needed to make them perform as designed. The trapping of debris serves no purpose because once filled they operate as if no basins were present, but continue to allow a shallow area of water retention for the breeding of mosquito. Moreover, even if cleaned and maintained, the water reservoir remains filled, accommodating the breeding of mosquitoes. Relationship to sanitary sewer systems Storm drains are separate and distinct from sanitary sewer systems. The separation of storm sewers from sanitary sewers helps prevent sewage treatment plants becoming overwhelmed by infiltration/inflow during a rainstorm, which could discharge untreated sewage into the environment. Many storm drainage systems drain untreated storm water into rivers or streams. In the US, many local governments conduct public awareness campaigns about this, lest people dump waste into the storm drain system. In Cleveland, Ohio, for example, all new catch basins installed have inscriptions on them not to dump any waste, and usually include a fish imprint as well. Trout Unlimited Canada recommends that a yellow fish symbol be painted next to existing storm drains. Combined sewers Cities that installed their sewage collection systems before the 1930s typically used single piping systems to transport both urban runoff and sewage. This type of collection system is referred to as a combined sewer system (CSS). The cities' rationale when combined sewers were built was that it would be cheaper to build just a single system. In these systems a sudden large rainfall that exceeds sewage treatment capacity is allowed to overflow directly from storm drains into receiving waters via structures called combined sewer overflows. Storm drains are typically installed at shallower depths than combined sewers. This is because combined sewers were designed to accept sewage flows from buildings with basements, in addition to receiving surface runoff from streets. About 860 communities in the US have combined sewer systems, serving about 40 million people. New York City, Washington, D.C., Seattle and other cities with combined systems have this problem due to a large influx of storm water after every heavy rain. Some cities have dealt with this by adding large storage tanks or ponds to hold the water until it can be treated. Chicago has a system of tunnels, collectively called the Deep Tunnel, underneath the city for storing its stormwater. Many areas require detention tanks or roof detention systems that temporarily hold runoff in heavy rains and restrict outlet flow to the public sewer. This lessens the risk of overwhelming the public sewer in heavy rain. An overflow outlet may also connect higher on the outlet side of the detention tank. This overflow prevents the detention tank from completely filling. By restricting the flow of water in this way and temporarily holding the water in a detention tank or by roof detention public sewers are less likely to overflow. Regulations and local building codes Building codes and local government ordinances vary greatly on the handling of storm drain runoff. New developments might be required to construct their own storm drain processing capacity for returning the runoff to the water table and bioswales may be required in sensitive ecological areas to protect the watershed. In the United States, cities, suburban communities and towns with over 10,000 population are required to obtain discharge permits for their storm sewer systems, under the Clean Water Act. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued stormwater regulations for large cities in 1990 and for other communities in 1999. The permits require local governments to operate stormwater management programs, covering both construction of new buildings and facilities, and maintenance of their existing municipal drainage networks. For new construction projects, many municipalities require builders to obtain approval of the site drainage system along with the structural plans. State government facilities, such as roads and highways, are also subject to the stormwater management regulations. Examples Southeastern Los Angeles County installed thousands of stainless steel, full-capture trash devices on their road drains in 2011. Exploration An international subculture has grown up around the exploration of stormwater drains. Societies such as the Cave Clan regularly explore the drains underneath cities. This is commonly known as "urban exploration", but is also known as draining when in specific relation to storm drains. Residence In several large American cities, homeless people live in storm drains. At least 300 people live in the 200 miles of underground storm drains of Las Vegas, many of them making a living finding unclaimed winnings in the gambling machines. An organization called Shine a Light was founded in 2009 to help the drain residents after over 20 drowning deaths occurred in the preceding years. A man in San Diego was evicted from a storm drain after living there for nine months in 1986. History Archaeological studies have revealed use of rather sophisticated stormwater runoff systems in ancient cultures. For example, in Minoan Crete around 2000 BC, cities such as Phaistos were designed to have storm drains and channels to collect precipitation runoff. At Cretan Knossos, storm drains include stone-lined structures large enough for a person to crawl through. Other examples of early civilizations with elements of stormwater drain systems include early people of Mainland Orkney such as Gurness and the Brough of Birsay in Scotland. Gallery See also Urban runoff Water pollution Pervious concrete roads References External links EPA – Combined Sewer Overflows EPA Storm Drain Stenciling Took Kit 7 Steps to Clean Water from Great Lakes Green Initiative (example of a local public awareness program) Drainage Environmental engineering Flood control Hydraulic engineering Subterranea (geography) Drain Road hazards
Summarecon Mall Kelapa Gading (formerly Kelapa Gading Plaza and Mal Kelapa Gading) is a shopping and entertainment center located in Kelapa Gading, Jakarta, Indonesia. It is one of the largest shopping malls in Indonesia. History Mall Kelapa Gading comprises several parts namely Mall Kelapa Gading 1,2,3,5, La Piazza and Gading Food City. Mal Kelapa Gading opened in 1990, then known as Kelapa Gading Plaza. The mall was expanded in 1995. On April 10, 2003, it was expanded again to the size of 130,000 m² and a total of 600 stores. Ownership The shopping centre is owned and operated by PT Summarecon Agung Tbk., a property company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Structure Mal Kelapa Gading has a total gross area of 130,000 m² on three floors. There are 600 tenants, 30 fashion boutiques, a 6,000 m² food court, three cinemas and several other entertainment facilities. Mal Kelapa Gading is organized by sections. There are section for clothing (The Catwalk), a teenage shopping area (Fashion Hub), wedding shopping area (Bridal World), a kids' education and entertainment facility (Safari edutainment). It has 2 food sections, with cafés in the Gourmet Walk and a 6000 m² food court in Food Temptation. The mall complex includes La Piazza, a structure dedicated to restaurants and cafés. The mall also has entertainment facilities, including a Gading 21 cinema, Timezone games gallery and a 24-lane bowling Viva bowling alley. See also List of shopping malls in Indonesia Kelapa Gading References Shopping malls in Jakarta North Jakarta
Golshanabad (, also Romanized as Golshanābād) is a village in Firuzeh Rural District, in the Central District of Firuzeh County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 461, in 126 families. References Populated places in Firuzeh County
Philydrum is a genus of tufted, herbaceous, aquatic macrophyte plants, one of three genera constituting the plant family Philydraceae. Philydrum lanuginosum is the sole known species. They are commonly known as frogsmouths and woolly waterlilies. Woolly waterlilies occur naturally across south and east Asia, including India, S. China, Taiwan, Japan, Malaysia, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam; across Malesia including New Guinea; across northern and eastern Australia and the Pacific Islands. In Australia they grow naturally in wetlands in northern WA, NT, Qld, NSW and Vic. They have spongy, soft, hairy, herbaceous foliage. The foliage grows upright in tufts up to high, from short–creeping and branching stems rooted in the mud. The stems grow up taller than the leaves, becoming green and woolly spikes up to high. The spikes successively open many, attractive, fine yellow flowers. Long, pointed, green and woolly bracts up to enclose each bud. As the spike grows, each successively mature bud's bract reflexes, opening the flower inside and subtending it, holding its delicate yellow 'petals' on display. Each flower has two, outer, showy yellow 'petals' (perianth segments), hairy on the outside and measuring up to . They look like open yellow mouths hence the common name frogsmouths. Within, the two inner, smaller, yellow 'petals' stand around the reproductive parts, of the single stamen and style. Woolly waterlilies have some popularity in Australian wetland landscaping and gardening, but have yet to become very well known. formerly included in genus now in Helmholtzia P. glaberrimum - Helmholtzia glaberrima P. helmholtzii - Helmholtzia acorifolia References Monotypic Commelinales genera Philydraceae Taxa named by Joseph Banks Taxa named by Daniel Solander Taxa named by Joseph Gaertner
Mark Ricketts may refer to: Mark Ricketts (footballer) (born 1984), English footballer Mark Scott Ricketts (born 1955), American illustrator and cartoonist

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