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The Department of Communities, Housing and Digital Economy (CHDE), formerly Housing and Public Works, is a ministerial department within the Queensland Government, tasked with providing housing, sport, digital technology, and urban design and architecture services Both Smart Service Queensland (SSQ) and Queensland Shared Services (QSS) sit within CHDE, providing whole-of-government services including HR, payroll, procurement, infrastructure, and state-wide contact centre solutions.
Executive leadership
Minister and director-general
The various streams within the department are responsible to the Queensland Parliament through the minister for communities and housing, the minister for arts, and the minister for digital economy. Since 12 November 2020, Leeanne Enoch is the minister for all three portfolios. Day-to-day operations are led by the department director-general, currently Clare O'Connor, who reports to the ministers.
Leadership structure
Each division within the department has a senior responsible officer for that stream, normally a deputy director-general. The Customer and Digital Group's senior responsible officer is the Queensland Government's Chief Customer and Digital Officer. The Office of the Director-General is managed operationally by an executive director, but is led by the director-general.
Department structure
Communities Division
Housing and Homelessness Division
Arts Queensland
First Nations Strategy Unit
Strategy and Corporate Services Group
Customer and Digital Group
Office of the Director-General
Whole-of-government services
The department, through the Customer and Digital Group, also provides some services to other state government departments, some local governments, and some state-owned corporations or authorities.
Queensland Shared Services
Queensland Shared Services (QSS) provides internal support and services for most Queensland Government departments and agencies. QSS supports departments by operating public and internally facing services such as government human resources, payroll, finance, procurement, telecommunications, accommodation, and mail services. Education Queensland does not use QSS in any capacity, whilst some Hospital and Health Services within Queensland Health only use QSS for some limited HR processes such as job evaluations.
Smart Service Queensland
Smart Service Queensland (SSQ) provides contact centre services to the public, meaning people can access state government services through one contact rather than dealing with agencies individually. SSQ delivers the 13 QGOV call centre and the Queensland Government master website (qld.gov.au). They also manage the Queensland Government Service Centres in Brisbane, Maroochydore and Cairns, and the Queensland Government Agent Program which allow people in regional and rural areas to access services from existing businesses in the area such as newsagents or post offices.
QFleet
QFleet is the whole-of-government fleet management service, provides vehicle procurement, sales, leasing, maintenance, safety, and policy services to Queensland Government departments and limited other entities. Several other agencies hold their own fleet management services, particularly those with large fleets, such as the Queensland Ambulance Service, Fire and Emergency Service, Police, and some larger Hospital and Health Services. Fleet vehicles can be identified by their number plate; all QFleet registration numbers start with "QG" for Queensland Government.
Legislation
CHDE is the administering department for several Queensland statutes. These include the:
Housing Act 2003
Housing Regulations 2015
Major Sport Facilities Act 2001
Major Sports Facilities Regulation 2014
Mt. Gravatt Showgrounds Act 1988
Sports Anti-Doping Act 2003
Plumbing and Drainage Act 2018
Plumbing and Drainage Regulation 2019
Housing Legislation (Building Better Futures) Amendment Act 2017
Manufactured Homes (Residential Parks) Act 2003
Residential Services (Accreditation) Act 2002
Residential Services (Accreditation) Regulation 2018
Retirement Villages Act 1999
Residential Tenancies and Rooming Accommodation Act 2008
History
Before federation (pre-1901)
1862: The Lands and Works Department was created in 1862.
1866: The Lands and Works Department was divided into the Lands Department and the Public Works Department.
1887: The Public Works and Mines Departments merge.
1890: The Public Works Department was established from the former Mines and Works Department.
1901–2000
1909: The early 20th century marks the Queensland Government's first involvement in housing when it introduces The Workers' Dwellings Act 1909 to provide subsidised housing for workers. The Workers' Dwelling Branch is established shortly after and is responsible for lending money and providing house construction expertise to Queenslanders.
1920: The Workers' Dwellings Branch was transferred to the State Advances Corporation.
1939: Staff from the Public Works Department are deployed to Townsville to assist with defence projects during World War II. As a result, the department becomes heavily involved in defence projects including the construction of the Garbutt Air Base, large warehouses at depots at Macrossan and Breddan, and a military hospital at Blackwater. The department was also involved in procuring and sending food supplies. The Department of Public Works' Townsville office becomes the epicentre for the department's work during World War II.
1945: The Queensland Housing Commission was established following federal and state investment in post-war reconstruction.
1947: To meet the demand for housing, the Queensland Housing Commission started building the State's first rental homes.
1970: Due to changes to the Family Law Act, including the addition of no-fault divorce, and the subsequence rise of smaller households, the commission began developing unit blocks and attached houses rather than standalone large estate developments.
1975: The Public Works Department begins designing and developing the Queensland Cultural Centre
1989: The Administrative Services Department is formed, encompassing the former Public Works Department.
1992: The Department of Housing, Local Government and Planning is formed. Responsibility for the Aboriginal Rental Housing program transfers to the Queensland Department of Housing, Local Government and Planning.
1996: The Department of Public Works and Housing is formed.
1998: The Public Works and Housing Department separates into two portfolios, with Housing becoming its own department to streamline state housing efforts. The Smart Housing initiative and Community Renewal program.
21st century
2001: The department wins the Royal Australian Institute of Architects' Harry Marks Sustainable Architectural Award for the design of Redcliffe City Council library and gallery.
2002: QFleet won the Australasian Fleet Managers Association (AFMA) 2002 Fleet Environment Award for its ongoing corporate fleet environment practices. QFleet also became the first organisation to receive all three of AFMA's major industry awards, also winning the Fleet Safety Award and later the Fleet Manager of the Year award. In the same year, the Department of Public Works was recognised for its heritage conservation efforts with a gold award, the John Herbert Heritage Award from the National Trust of Queensland for the restoration of the 173-year-old convict-built Commissariat Store in William Street, Brisbane.
2005: The department assumes a leadership role for the Queensland Government's four-year Responding to Homelessness initiative after earlier leading work aimed at improving cross-agency responses to homelessness.
2008: The department commences RentConnect, and becomes the Queensland conduit for the National Rental Affordability Scheme, a federal and state government initiative to stimulate the supply of 50,000 new affordable rental dwellings across Australia.
2012: The Department of Housing and Public Works is formed from the previous departments of Housing and Public Works.
References
External links
Queensland Government website
Government departments of Queensland
Queensland |
United Nations Security Council resolution 1499, adopted unanimously on 13 August 2003, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including resolutions 1457 (2003) and 1493 (2003), the Council extended the mandate of a panel investigating the plundering of natural resources in the country until 31 October 2003.
The Security Council welcomed the establishment of a transitional national government in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, but noted that illegal exploitation of the country's natural resources continued to take place, particularly in the east. It recognised that the exchange of information and attempts to resolve issues would assist in the transparency of the panel's work, highlight the issue of the exploitation of natural resources and the connections with arms trafficking.
The Secretary-General Kofi Annan was requested to extend the investigative panel's mandate until 31 October 2003, when it would be due to report its findings. The resolution reiterated the council's demand that all relevant states immediately end the illegal exploitation of natural resources in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The panel was instructed to provide information to the concerned governments in order for them to take appropriate action.
The investigative panel named individuals and companies implicated in illegal activities and which further measures would be taken.
See also
Kivu conflict
Ituri conflict
List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1401 to 1500 (2002–2003)
Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement
Second Congo War
References
External links
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org
1499
2003 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1499
1499
August 2003 events |
Boiling Point is a 2021 British drama film directed by Philip Barantini and written by Barantini and James Cummings. It stars Stephen Graham, Vinette Robinson, Ray Panthaki, and Hannah Walters. It is a one-shot film set in a restaurant kitchen. It is an expansion of a 2019 short film of the same name, also directed by Barantini and starring Graham. It was originally planned to record eight takes of the film, but it was only possible to film half of these before a COVID-19 lockdown led to the end of the shoot.
The film premiered at the 55th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival on 23 August 2021. It was released in the United Kingdom on 7 January 2022. The film was met with critical acclaim. At the 75th British Academy Film Awards, the film received four nominations: Outstanding British Film, Outstanding Debut by a British Writer, Director or Producer (writer James Cummings and producer Hester Ruoff), Best Actor in a Leading Role (Graham) and Best Casting (Carolyn Mcleod).
A "continuation" TV series, with Graham, Robinson and Walters reprising their roles, aired on BBC One from 1 October 2023.
Plot
Andy Jones is Head Chef of Jones & Sons, an upmarket restaurant in London.
Andy is embarrassed to learn that his restaurant has been downgraded from a 5 star Health and Safety rating to 3 stars following an inspection, mostly due to insufficient administration and subpar sanitation at each work station.
After the inspector leaves, Andy reprimands the kitchen staff for their lack of thoroughness, though backtracks when he learns that the turbot that he had prepared earlier was discarded by the inspector for not being labelled.
Front of house manager Beth holds a short meeting to discuss the evening's service being overbooked.
She also mentions that they have a marriage proposal on one table and a booking for celebrity chef Alastair Skye, for whom Andy previously worked, plus his guest for the evening, a known food critic.
During dinner service, conflict begins to brew in the kitchen and dining room.
Beth annoys the kitchen staff with micro-management;
a black waitress is treated with hostility by an aggressive guest (in contrast to her white colleague); a young pastry chef (Jamie) is revealed to be self-harming; a pregnant kitchen porter spars with a lazy and disrespectful co-worker; and the new cold chef Camille, who is from France, struggles with the language barrier and British regional accents.
Tension grows until Beth demands the already-stressed chef Carly to go off-menu by preparing steak and chips to appease a group of "influencer" guests; Carly finally blows up at her when a dish of lamb is returned for being supposedly undercooked, Carly blames Beth for not properly instructing her staff to explain that the lamb is properly cooked. She tells her that she is failing the restaurant with her lack of ability. Beth retreats to the toilets in tears, admitting to her father on the phone that she does not think the job is right for her. Andy serves Alastair's table, where Alistair reveals that Andy owes him £200,000 and wants the payment in full to cover his private losses. Andy explains that he does not have the money to pay him back.
Alistair offers to work together with Andy again and proposes that he should get a 70% share of the restaurant, leaving Andy and his other investors with just the remaining 30% to share between them.
A guest suffers a severe allergic reaction, which Camille had inadvertently caused.
Taking advantage of the situation, Alastair informs Andy that Carly should take the fall or else the restaurant as well as their potential partnership will fail. After the guest is picked up by an ambulance, the kitchen staff and Beth meet at the back of kitchen to determine the cause. They conclude that it was Andy's fault the food was contaminated;
earlier, he had instructed Camille to use a bottle containing walnut oil as a substitute garnish.
This culminates in one of the chefs, Freeman, lambasting Andy for his constant lateness and mistakes as well as his rampant alcoholism. A fight nearly breaks out between Andy and Freeman, which Carly prevents.
The staff return to work and Andy then reveals to Carly that Alastair wanted him to lay the blame on her, which leads to Carly quitting. Andy goes to his office, where he drinks vodka and snorts cocaine.
He calls his ex-wife, and asks her to tell his son he loves him, and that he will go to rehab. After ending the call, Andy throws away the drugs and alcohol and starts to return to the kitchen before collapsing. The staff's voices are heard calling his name.
Cast
Stephen Graham as Andy Jones
Vinette Robinson as Carly
Alice Feetham as Beth
Hannah Walters as Emily
Malachi Kirby as Tony
Izuka Hoyle as Camille
Taz Skylar as Billy
Lauryn Ajufo as Andrea
Jason Flemyng as Alastair Skye
Ray Panthaki as Freeman
Lourdes Faberes as Sara Southworth
Áine Rose Daly as Robyn
Daniel Larkai as Jake
Stephen McMillan as Jamie
Production
Boiling Point was directed by Philip Barantini and written by Barantini and James Cummings. It was shot in a real restaurant called Jones & Sons in Dalston, London. The character of Andy Jones was named after a friend of Barantini's who owns the restaurant. The film wrapped in March 2020.
Reception
Box office
In the United Kingdom, the film earned $107,525 from 53 cinemas in its opening weekend. The film went on to gross $1,142,493 worldwide.
Critical response
The film received critical acclaim. At the 2021 British Independent Film Awards, Boiling Point was nominated for 11 awards and won four — including Best Supporting Actress for Vinette Robinson, Best Casting, Best Cinematography, and Best Sound.
Glenn Kenny of The New York Times noted in regard to the film's one-shot nature that, "when [the camera] trails a restaurant worker taking out the trash, the viewer knows they're not being removed from the central action just to observe labor — there's a plot point to be ticked."
Awards
At the 75th British Academy Film Awards, the film received four nominations: Outstanding British Film, Outstanding Debut by a British Writer, Director or Producer (writer James Cummings and producer Hester Ruoff), Best Actor in a Leading Role (Graham) and Best Casting (Carolyn Mcleod).
Continuation
A continuation TV series for the BBC was confirmed in October 2022, with Graham, Robinson and Walters reprising their roles. Barantini directed the first two episodes, with James Cummings returning as writer.
The series began airing on BBC One in October 2023.
References
External links
2021 films
British drama films
One-shot films
2020s English-language films
2020s British films
Films about chefs
Films set in restaurants
Films adapted into television shows |
Jalen Milroe (born December 13, 2002) is an American football quarterback for the Alabama Crimson Tide.
High school career
Milroe attended Tompkins High School in Katy, Texas. As a junior, he threw for 2,689 yards and 29 touchdowns adding an additional eight touchdowns rushing and 378 yards. In 2020 as a senior, he passed for 1,136 yards and 13 touchdowns. During his high school career, Milroe tallied 3,825 passing yards, 559 rushing yards, and 53 total touchdowns leading Tompkins to over 30 wins in three seasons. He originally committed to Texas before deciding to switch to the University of Alabama.
College career
During his freshman year at Alabama, Milroe was the backup to sophomore quarterback Bryce Young throughout the 2021 season. As a result Milroe was redshirted. During the season he appeared in four games completing three passes for 41 yards and a touchdown, while rushing for 57 yards on 15 carries. He began the 2022 season remaining the backup to Bryce Young. In Alabama's Spring Game, Milroe completed 11 passes for 149 yards and a touchdown. In his first appearance of the season, he recorded eight completions, 76 yards, a touchdown, and an interception. He would make minor appearances in relief against Louisiana Monroe and Vanderbilt, before he would take over as the quarterback in week four against Arkansas after an injury to Bryce Young. Milroe would throw and rush for a touchdown each, leading Alabama to a 49–26 victory. One week later, he would make his first career start against Texas A&M, throwing for three touchdowns and recording three turnovers in a 24–20 win.
Entering the 2023 season, with the departure of Young, Milroe competed with Ty Simpson and Tyler Buchner for Alabama's starting quarterback job, with Milroe eventually being named the starter. In week one against Middle Tennessee, Milroe combined for a total of five touchdowns, three passing and two rushing, while throwing for 194 yards on 13 completions, leading Alabama to a 56–7 victory. The following week, Milroe threw for 255 yards, two touchdowns, and two interceptions in a 24–34 defeat against No. 11 Texas, his first career loss as a starter. Subsequently, he was demoted as the team's starting quarterback, with Tyler Buchner being named the starter against USF. Heading into Alabama's SEC opener against Ole Miss the following week, Nick Saban announced that Milroe would be the team's starting quarterback for the rest of the season, after a poor showing from Buchner against USF the prior week.
Statistics
Personal life
Milroe is a Christian and was baptized in 2022.
References
External links
Alabama Crimson Tide bio
Living people
Alabama Crimson Tide football players
American football quarterbacks
Players of American football from Katy, Texas
Christians from Texas
2002 births |
Keith Lamar Jones (born March 20, 1966) is a former professional American football running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played four seasons for the Atlanta Falcons from 1989 to 1992. He was drafted in the third round of the 1989 NFL Draft by the Falcons. He played college football at University of Illinois.
References
1966 births
Living people
Players of American football from St. Louis County, Missouri
American football running backs
Illinois Fighting Illini football players
Atlanta Falcons players
Frankfurt Galaxy players
American expatriate sportspeople in Germany |
Relisha Tenau Rudd (October 29, 2005disappeared March 1, 2014) was an 8-year-old girl who went missing in Washington, D.C., in February 2014 and has not been found. Rudd had been living in the D.C. General Shelter with her mother, when she was befriended by janitor Kahlil Tatum, a former felon. Rudd stopped attending school, but it was 30 days before her absence was reported to police. Investigation revealed that the last sighting of her had been weeks prior when she was caught on camera with Tatum at an area hotel. Tatum's wife was found shot dead in a hotel in Prince George's County, Maryland in mid-March, and at the end of March, searchers found Tatum's body in a shed in the Kenilworth Park and Aquatic Gardens, shot in an apparent suicide.
The case of Relisha Rudd received little coverage outside of the Washington, D.C., area, leading to criticism that her case receives little attention due to her marginalization as a black girl from an impoverished family.
Disappearance
In 2014, Rudd was living with her mother Shamika Young at the D.C. General Shelter. Kahlil Tatum was a 51-year-old janitor at the shelter and had a felony record for burglary, larceny, and breaking-and-entering. Tatum was imprisoned from 1993 to 2003 and again from 2004 to 2011. He was hired as a shelter janitor by the Community Partnership for the Prevention of Homelessness, a contractor which operated the D.C. General Shelter and reportedly "other city homeless programs". Tatum was known for inappropriately fraternizing with shelter residents and for paying particular attention to young girls. Tatum befriended Young, bought her daughter a tablet computer, and took her to see Disney on Ice. Eventually Young allowed Tatum to take the girl away overnight, allegedly to stay with him and his grandmother.
Rudd suddenly stopped attending school in February, but her mother provided a note saying she was having health problems and was in the care of a "Dr. Tatum". The school contacted Tatum at the number provided, but when he failed to show up for a meeting with them, a counselor contacted the police to report Rudd missing. The Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia launched a missing-persons probe on March 19, by which point Rudd had not been in school for a month.
The investigation revealed that Tatum and Rudd had been caught on camera walking down a hallway in a Holiday Inn Express in Northeast, Washington, D.C., on February 26, and footage on March 1 showed her walking with Tatum to a room in a Days Inn on New York Avenue in D.C. The March 1 footage proved to be the last proof that Rudd was still alive.
Tatum's wife's death
Tatum's wife Andrea was found shot in the head in a motel in Prince George's County, Maryland on the same day Rudd was reported missing (March 20). Surveillance tapes showed Kahlil and Andrea Tatum entering the hotel room the night before. Kahlil Tatum was last seen March 2, the day after Rudd was last seen, while buying a shovel, lime, and 42-gallon trash bags. DC police obtained an arrest warrant for Kahlil Tatum in his wife's murder, but on March 31, Tatum's body was found in a shed in Kenilworth Park, dead of apparent suicide by the same gun that killed his wife.
Steve Wilkos show
In October 2017, Relisha's mother, Shamika Young, her stepfather, Antonio Wheeler, and her grandmother, Melissa Young, appeared on The Steve Wilkos Show. Shamika refused a polygraph test, but Antonio and Melissa were asked if they participated in any way in Relisha's disappearance; both answered no and the polygraph results confirmed that they were telling the truth.
Theories
There are a limited number of theories for what happened to Relisha, given Tatum's predatory behavior and violent murder-suicide shortly after her disappearance. Authorities generally believe that Rudd was either murdered by Tatum or sold to sex-traffickers, although the sex trafficking theory has been ruled out by DC Metropolitan Police Detectives. In an interview with The Washington Post, a senior law-enforcement official suspected that Tatum had been sexually exploiting Relisha and possibly pimping her to others, and may have killed his wife due to her finding out about his activities. Other theories are that Ricky Sheridan Lyles Sr., who is Tatum's brother-in-law, may be involved and could have killed Tatum. Relisha's mother, Shamika Young, stated on The Steve Wilkos Show that Tatum had been shot twice. Lyles was questioned but ruled out as a person of interest.
See also
List of people who disappeared
References
https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/relisha-rudd-radio-hundreds-of-listeners-believe-they-can-find-missing-8-year-old/2014/04/24/db32e2fe-cbb9-11e3-a75e-463587891b57_story.html
https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/five-years-of-hoping-searching-and-keeping-promises-to-relisha-rudd/2019/03/01/513d737c-3c69-11e9-a06c-3ec8ed509d15_story.html
2014 in Washington, D.C.
2010s missing person cases
March 2014 events in the United States
Kidnapped American children
Missing person cases in Washington, D.C.
March 2014 crimes in the United States |
Đorđe Majstorović (, born 13 March 1990) is a Serbian professional basketball player for Čačak 94 of the Second Basketball League of Serbia. He plays as a center and a power forward.
During the 2017–18 season, Majstorović played for MZT Skopje of the Macedonian League. In August 2021, he signed for Čačak 94 of the Second Basketball League of Serbia.
References
External links
Profile at aba-liga.com
Profile at eurobasket.com
Living people
1990 births
ABA League players
Basketball League of Serbia players
Basketball players from Čačak
Competitors at the 2013 Mediterranean Games
KK Borac Čačak players
KK Crvena zvezda (youth) players
KK Čačak 94 players
KK Metalac Valjevo players
KK MZT Skopje players
KK Mladost Čačak players
KK Partizan players
KK Smederevo players
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Serbia
Serbian expatriate basketball people in North Macedonia
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Spain
Serbian expatriate basketball people in Slovenia
Serbian men's basketball players
Universiade medalists in basketball
Mediterranean Games medalists in basketball
Universiade bronze medalists for Serbia
Centers (basketball)
Power forwards (basketball)
Medalists at the 2013 Summer Universiade
KK Kansai Helios Domžale players |
Ge Li (Chinese: 李革) is a Chinese American entrepreneur and philanthropist. He is the founder and chairman of WuXi AppTec, a contract pharmaceutical research firm.
Career
Ge Li was born in China. He graduated from Affiliated High School of Peking University and received his B.A. from Peking University in 1989 and Ph.D. in organic chemistry from Columbia University in 1994. At Columbia, Li was mentored by W. Clark Still and Koji Nakanishi.
He worked for Pharmacopeia, Inc. and was sent to China to form a joint business venture on behalf of the company. Inspired by the visit, Li quit the company and co-founded WuXi AppTec with his wife, Ning Zhao, in Shanghai in 2000. The company was listed in New York Stock Exchange before going public in Hong Kong in 2018.
In 2011, Li was named a member of the Committee of One Hundred.
As of 2022, his net worth stands at $10 billion, making him one of the richest men in China and the United States. He is also the second richest American pharmaceutical businessperson as of 2020. He is also named one of the top ten Chinese CEOs by Forbes China.
Philanthropic activities
In 2018, Li and Zhao donated RMB 100 million to Peking University to set up the Li Ge-Zhao Ning Education Fund of Peking University and were named the university's honorary trustees.
In 2020, the couple donated $21.5 million to Columbia to advance research and teaching in chemistry.
In 2021, the couple donated $20 million to Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center to support lung cancer research.
In 2023, the couple donated the Zhao Li Family Fitness & Exercise Center to The Peddie School. Their gift is part of the $7.4 million renovation to the schools current weight room and athletic center.
Personal life and family
Li was married to Ning Zhao, his classmate at Peking University, a fellow Ph.D. graduate from Columbia University and formerly senior vice president and global head of human resources at WuXi AppTec. Zhao died on May 16, 2023, after a 20-year battle with cancer.
References
Living people
Peking University alumni
Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
American billionaires
Chinese billionaires
American people of Chinese descent
American philanthropists
American company founders
Chinese company founders
Businesspeople in the pharmaceutical industry
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Glastonbury Extravaganza (also known as Glastonbury Abbey Extravaganza and previously as Glastonbury Classical Extravaganza) is an annual music event held in the grounds of Glastonbury Abbey in Glastonbury, England since 1996. The event is held as a thank you to local people from Glastonbury Festival organiser Michael Eavis.
The event started life as a classical music concert – expanding out to three days and moving into a mix of classical, pop and rock music. Since 2013 it has returned to a single Saturday night format, but retained a popular music theme. The current format of the event is that the grounds open at 16:30, a local choir opens the proceedings at around 17:00 followed by a number of acts leading up to the headliner, followed by a firework display to close the evening at around 22:00. People bring their own food and drink to set up picnics, and there are a number of award winning Street Food trucks in the Abbey grounds, some of which also trade at the famous Glastonbury Festival. Extravaganza is one of three events organised by Eavis each year. The other events are the major Glastonbury Festival and the small-scale Pilton Party, held in Pilton.
Performers
Withdrawals
A number of artists have had to withdraw after the initial line-up was announced due to illness or scheduling conflicts.
Ticketing
Vouchers for the event usually go on sale in the December of the year before the event. These are available from the Glastonbury Abbey shop (online and in person). The announcement of who will be performing is then made in early May and the tickets are available from July onwards. The vouchers can only be exchanged for that year’s event.
References
Music festivals in Somerset
Glastonbury |
Deh-e Ashuri (, also Romanized as Deh-e ʿĀshūrī and Deh-e Āshūrī) is a village in Vardasht Rural District, in the Central District of Semirom County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 58, in 9 families.
References
Populated places in Semirom County |
The 2001–02 Scottish First Division was won by Partick Thistle who were promoted to the Scottish Premier League. Raith Rovers were relegated to the Second Division however Falkirk avoided being relegated because Airdrieonians became insolvent.
Table
Attendances
The average attendances for Scottish First Division clubs for season 2001/02 are shown below:
Scottish First Division seasons
1
2
Scot |
"Help Yourself" is a song by English singer and songwriter Amy Winehouse from her debut studio album Frank (2003). Released as the album's fourth and final single on 23 August 2004 as a double A-side with "Fuck Me Pumps" (Pumps), it reached number 65 on the UK Singles Chart. The song was not included on the U.S. release of Frank. A radio edit was released for promotional purposes. The song samples "You Won't Be Satisfied (Until You Break My Heart)" as recorded by Doris Day in 1945.
Personnel
Credits adapted from "Pumps / Help Yourself" CD liner notes
Songwriting – Amy Winehouse, Jimmy Hogarth
Producer – Jimmy Hogarth
Vocals – Amy Winehouse
Bass, drums, guitar, percussion, programming – Jimmy Hogarth
Horn, organ – Martin Slattery
Mixing – Cameron Craig, Jimmy Hogarth
Track listing
UK CD single
"Pumps"
"Help Yourself"
"(There Is) No Greater Love" (AOL Session)
UK CD single
"Help Yourself" (radio edit) – 4:00
"Pumps" (clean radio edit) – 3:19
Charts
References
2003 songs
2004 singles
Amy Winehouse songs
Songs written by Jimmy Hogarth
Songs written by Amy Winehouse
Island Records singles |
This denomination is a Reformed denomination that has 4 Presbyteries and 1 Synod in Colombia. In 2004 it had 5,672 members and 15 congregations and 65 house fellowships served by 45 pastors. There's woman ordinations. The Apostles Creed, the Nicene Creed, Heidelberg Catechism and Westminster Confession are the officially recognised standards.
The Presbyterian Church of Colombia prohibits same sex/gender marriage. Its constitution defines marriage as a union between a man and a woman.
References
Presbyterian denominations in South America |
Beurre noir () is melted butter that is cooked over low heat until the milk solids turn a very dark brown. As soon as this happens, acid is carefully added to the hot butter, usually lemon juice or a type of vinegar. Some recipes also add a sprig of parsley, which is removed from the hot butter before the acid is added. It is typically served with eggs, fish, or certain types of vegetables.
See also
Beurre blanc
Beurre noisette
French cuisine
List of sauces
References
French sauces
Butter |
was a prefectural junior college in Niigata, Niigata, Japan, established in 1963. The school was closed on March 31, 2012, and the school buildings were succeeded by the University of Niigata Prefecture (established in April 2009).
History
The college was founded in April 1963 with one department: the Department of Domestic Science. In 1966 two departments were added: the Departments of English and Early Childhood Education. In 1993 the Department of International Studies was added, and the former Department of Domestic Science was renamed Department of Human Life and Environmental Science.
Organization
Associate degree courses (2-year)
Department of Human Life and Environmental Science
Courses: Human Environmental Science, Food & Nutrition, and Social Welfare
Department of Early Childhood Education
Department of English
Department of International Studies
Courses: Russian, Chinese, and Korean
Advanced courses (2-year; accredited by the NIAD-UE)
Advanced Course of Food and Nutrition Science
References
External links
English website (archived on August 6, 2007)
Universities and colleges established in 1963
Public universities in Japan
Universities and colleges in Niigata Prefecture
Japanese junior colleges
1963 establishments in Japan
Women's universities and colleges in Japan
Educational institutions disestablished in 2012 |
KDAL may refer to:
KDAL (AM), a radio station (610 AM) licensed to Duluth, Minnesota, United States
KDAL-FM, a radio station (95.7 FM) licensed to Duluth, Minnesota, United States
KDLH, a television station (channel 3) licensed to Duluth, Minnesota, United States, which held the call sign KDAL-TV from 1954 until February 1979
the ICAO code for Dallas Love Field in Dallas, Texas, United States |
Acraga obscura is a moth of the family Dalceridae. It is found in southern Brazil and Uruguay. The habitat consists of warm temperate moist, subtropical wet and subtropical moist forests.
References
External links
Dalceridae
Moths described in 1896 |
Imalka Mendis (born 21 September 1993) is a Sri Lankan cricketer who plays for Sri Lanka's women's cricket team. She made her One Day International (ODI) debut against Australia on 18 September 2016. She made her Women's Twenty20 International cricket (WT20I) debut for Sri Lanka Women against Pakistan Women on 28 March 2018.
References
External links
1993 births
Living people
Sri Lankan women cricketers
Sri Lanka women One Day International cricketers
Sri Lanka women Twenty20 International cricketers
Cricketers from Southern Province, Sri Lanka |
Mashpee Wampanoag Indian Museum is a cultural center in the town of Mashpee in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States. The town of Mashpee is the location of the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe, one of the two federally recognized representative bodies of the Wampanoag people. The museum ground itself is well known for the Avant House as well as hosting the Mill Pond Herring Ladder, a Fish ladder on the Mashpee River. The museum was established in 1997 through a town meeting vote. Since 1999 the site has been listed under the National Register of Historic Places.
References
External links
Mashpee Wampanoag Indian Museum - official website
Museums in Barnstable County, Massachusetts
Native American museums in Massachusetts
Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe
Mashpee, Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts |
Belmont und Constanze, oder Die Entführung aus dem Serail (English: Belmonte and Konstanze, The Abduction from the Seraglio) by Christoph Friedrich Bretzner is a libretto, published in 1781, telling the story of the hero Belmonte, assisted by his servant Pedrillo, attempting to rescue his beloved Konstanze from the seraglio of the Pasha Selim. First set to music by Johann André and performed as a singspiel in Berlin in 1781, it became famous as the story on which Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart based his opera Die Entführung aus dem Serail (Abduction from the Seraglio).
See also
Seraglio
References
1781 operas
German fiction
Opera libretti
18th-century German literature
Die Entführung aus dem Serail |
Raphaël Burtin (born 9 February 1977 in Bonneville, Haute-Savoie) is a French former alpine skier who competed in the men's giant slalom at the 2006 Winter Olympics.
External links
1977 births
Living people
French male alpine skiers
Olympic alpine skiers for France
Alpine skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
People from Bonneville, Haute-Savoie
21st-century French people
Sportspeople from Haute-Savoie |
Cynthia "Cindy" Ann Potter (born August 27, 1950) is an American former Olympic diver and diving color commentator. She was a member of three Olympic diving teams, winning a bronze medal in the 3 m springboard in 1976.
Career
Diving
An 11-time All-American, Potter won a record 28 national diving championships. She was the U.S. outdoor champion in the 1-meter springboard from 1968 through 1977. Potter was the 3-meter springboard champion in 1971 and 1972 and from 1975 through 1977; and took first in the platform competition in 1970 and 1971. Indoors, she won 1-meter springboard titles from 1969 through 1973 and in 1976 and 1977, the 3-meter in 1969, 1970, and 1973. Additionally, Potter was chosen as World Diver of the year in springboard competition in 1970, 1971 and 1972.
Potter was a member of the 1968, 1972 and 1976 U.S. Olympic diving teams. She was selected to the 1980 U.S. Olympic diving team, but due to the U.S. boycott of the games that year, Potter was unable to compete. She was one of 461 athletes to receive a Congressional Gold Medal instead. In 1972, she placed seventh on the 3-meter springboard and 21st in the 10-meter platform partially due to a foot injury, and in 1976 Potter claimed a bronze medal in the 3-meter springboard.
In other international competition, Potter won a gold in the 3-meter springboard and a silver in the 10-meter platform at the 1970 World University Games, a bronze in the 3-meter springboard at the 1975 Pan American Games, and a silver in the 3-meter springboard at the 1978 World Championships.
In 1987, Potter was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame.
Television
In the late 1980s, 1990s and 2000s, she served as color commentator for televised U.S. and international diving competitions, primarily for NBC Sports. Potter continues to provide color commentary for its Olympic diving coverage and served as an analyst for its coverage of diving at the 2008 Summer Olympics and diving at the 2012 Summer Olympics as well as the 2016 Rio and 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
Personal life
Potter graduated from Indiana University in 1973 with a degree in secondary education, and also received a graduate degree from the University of Arizona in teaching and teacher education. Since retiring from diving, she served as diving coach at The Westminster Schools in Atlanta, Georgia until 2020, and has served as a diving coach at Southern Methodist University, and the University of Arizona.
See also
List of members of the International Swimming Hall of Fame
References
1950 births
College diving coaches in the United States
Divers at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Divers at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Divers at the 1976 Summer Olympics
American female divers
Indiana Hoosiers women's divers
Living people
Olympic bronze medalists for the United States in diving
Pan American Games bronze medalists for the United States
Sportspeople from Atlanta
Sportspeople from Houston
Southern Methodist University faculty
University of Arizona alumni
University of Arizona faculty
Divers at the 1975 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1976 Summer Olympics
World Aquatics Championships medalists in diving
Pan American Games medalists in diving
Universiade medalists in diving
Congressional Gold Medal recipients
FISU World University Games gold medalists for the United States
Medalists at the 1970 Summer Universiade
Medalists at the 1975 Pan American Games
American women academics |
Wang Fei (; born February 20, 1982, in Harbin, Heilongjiang) is a Chinese female speed skater.
She competed for China at the 2010 Winter Olympics in the 1500m and 3000m events.
References
1982 births
Living people
Chinese female speed skaters
Olympic speed skaters for China
Sportspeople from Harbin
Speed skaters at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Speed skaters at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Asian Games medalists in speed skating
Speed skaters at the 2003 Asian Winter Games
Speed skaters at the 2007 Asian Winter Games
Speed skaters at the 2011 Asian Winter Games
Medalists at the 2007 Asian Winter Games
Medalists at the 2011 Asian Winter Games
Asian Games gold medalists for China
Asian Games silver medalists for China
Asian Games bronze medalists for China
20th-century Chinese women
21st-century Chinese women |
Gall (; 550 646) according to hagiographic tradition was a disciple and one of the traditional twelve companions of Columbanus on his mission from Ireland to the continent. However, he may have originally come from the border region between Lorraine and Alemannia and only met Columbanus at the monastery of Luxeuil in the Vosges. Gall is known as a representative of the Irish monastic tradition. The Abbey of Saint Gall in the city of Saint Gallen, Switzerland was built upon his original hermitage. Deicolus was the elder brother of Gall.
Biography
The fragmentary oldest Life was recast in the 9th century by two monks of Reichenau, enlarged in 816–824 by Wettinus, and about 833–884 by Walafrid Strabo, who also revised a book of the miracles of the saint. Other works ascribed to Walafrid tell of Saint Gall in prose and verse.
Gall's origin is a matter of dispute. According to his 9th-century biographers in Reichenau, he was from Ireland and entered Europe as a companion of Columbanus. The Irish origin of the historical Gallus was called into question by Hilty (2001), who proposed it as more likely that he was from the Vosges or Alsace region. Schär (2010) proposed that Gall may have been of Irish descent but born and raised in the Alsace.
According to the 9th-century hagiographies, Gall as a young man went to study under Comgall of Bangor Abbey. The monastery at Bangor had become renowned throughout Europe as a great centre of Christian learning. Studying in Bangor at the same time as Gall was Columbanus, who with twelve companions, set out about the year 589.
Gall and his companions established themselves with Columbanus at first at Luxeuil in Gaul. In 610, Columbanus was exiled by leaders opposed to Christianity and fled with Gall to Alemannia. He accompanied Columbanus on his voyage up the Rhine River to Bregenz but when in 612 Columbanus travelled on to Italy from Bregenz, Gall had to remain behind due to illness and was nursed at Arbon. He remained in Alemannia, where, with several companions, he led the life of a hermit in the forests southwest of Lake Constance, near the source of the river Steinach. Cells were soon added for twelve monks whom Gall carefully instructed. Gall was soon known in Switzerland as a powerful preacher.
When the See of Constance became vacant, the clergy who assembled to elect a new bishop were unanimously in favour of Gall. He, however, refused, pleading that the election of a stranger would be contrary to church law. Some time later, in the year 625, on the death of Eustasius, abbott of Luxeuil, a monastery founded by Columbanus, members of that community were sent by the monks to request Gall to undertake the government of the monastery. He refused to quit his life of solitude, and undertake any office of rank which might involve him in the cares of the world. He was then an old man.
He died at the age of ninety-five around 646–650 in Arbon.
Legends
From as early as the 9th century a series of fantastically embroidered Lives of Saint Gall were circulated. Prominent was the story in which Gall delivered Fridiburga from the demon by which she was possessed. Fridiburga was the betrothed of Sigebert II, King of the Franks, who had granted an estate at Arbon (which belonged to the royal treasury) to Gall so that he might found a monastery there.
Another popular story has it that as Gall was travelling in the woods of what is now Switzerland he was sitting one evening warming his hands at a fire. A bear emerged from the woods and charged. The holy man rebuked the bear, so awed by his presence it stopped its attack and slunk off to the trees. There it gathered firewood before returning to share the heat of the fire with Gall. The legend says that for the rest of his days Gall was followed around by his companion the bear.
Veneration
His feast is celebrated on 16 October.
Iconography
Images of Saint Gall typically represent him standing with a bear.
Legacy
When Columbanus, Gall and their companions left Ireland for mainland Europe, they took with them learning and the written word.
Their effect on the historical record was significant as the books were painstakingly reproduced on vellum by monks across Europe. Many of the Irish texts destroyed in Ireland during Viking raids were preserved in Abbeys across the channel.
Abbey of St. Gall
For several decades after his death, Gall's hermit cell remained; his disciples remained together in the cell he had built and followed the rule of St. Columban, combining prayer with work of the hands and reading with teaching. In 719, St. Otmar, the brotherhood's first abbot, extended Gall's cell into the Abbey of St. Gall, which became the nucleus of the Canton of St. Gallen in eastern Switzerland. The abbey followed the rule of St. Benedict of Nursia beginning in 747. As many as 53 monks joined the order under St. Otmar and the community grew to acquire land in Thurgau, the region of Zurich and Alemannia, up to the River Neckar. In the second half of the 8th century, the community continued to grow but became legally dependent on the Bishop of Constance. After an extended conflict with the see of Constance, the Abbey of St. Gallen regained its independence in the 9th century when Emperor Louis the Pious made it a royal monastery. The Abbey's monastery and especially its celebrated scriptorium (evidenced from 760 onwards) played an illustrious part in Catholic and intellectual history until it was secularised in 1798. It is very likely that Gall kept a small library of books for himself and his disciples for their liturgical worship. Following his death and the establishment of his tomb, the brotherhood of priests gathered there likely added to this small collection of books. These books would become the basis for the Abbey Library of Saint Gall.
In popular culture
St Gall is the name of a wheel shaped hard cheese made from the milk of Friesian cows, which won a Gold Medal at the World Cheese Awards held in Dublin 2008.
Robertson Davies, in his book, The Manticore, interprets the legend in Jungian psychological terms. In the final scene of the novel where David Staunton is celebrating Christmas with Lizelloti Fitziputli, Magnus Eisengrim, and Dunstan Ramsay he is given a gingerbread bear. Ramsay explains that Gall made a pact of peace with a bear who was terrorizing the citizens of the nearby village. They would feed him gingerbread and he would refrain from eating them. The parable is presented as a Jungian exhortation to make peace with one's dark side. This Jungian interpretation is however incompatible with Catholic Orthodoxy which Gall promoted.
See also
List of Orthodox saints
List of Roman Catholic saints
Notes
Bibliography
Joynt, Maud, tr. and ed., The Life of St Gall, Llanerch Press, Burnham-on-Sea, 1927.
Schär, Max, Gallus. Der Heikiger in seiner Zeit, Schwabe Verlag, Basle, 2011.
Schmid, Christian, Gallusland. Auf den Spuren des heiligen Gallus, Paulus Verlag, Fribourg, 2011.
Music and musicians in medieval Irish society, Ann Buckley, pp. 165–190, Early Music xxviii, no.2, May 2000
Music in Prehistoric and Medieval Ireland, Ann Buckley, pp. 744–813, in A New History of Ireland, volume one, Oxford, 2005
External links
The Origins of Traditional Irish Music
Orthodox Icons of St Gall
St. Gall, Abbot at the Christian Iconography web site.
550 births
640s deaths
7th-century Frankish saints
Abbey of Saint Gall
Medieval Irish musicians
6th-century Irish priests
Medieval Irish saints
Medieval Irish saints on the Continent
Irish expatriates in France
Irish expatriates in Germany
Irish expatriates in Italy
Colombanian saints
6th-century Irish writers
7th-century Irish writers
People from Arbon
Year of birth uncertain
Year of death uncertain |
Evgeny Vasilievich Gromyko (; born 22 December 1962) is a Russian politician who served as a senator from Krasnodar Krai from 2014 to 2015.
Career
Evgeny Gromyko was born on 22 December 1962 in Vyselki, Krasnodar Krai. In 1985, he graduated from the Kuban State Agrarian University. After graduation, he worked as a senior veterinarian in the livestock department of the inter-farm complex for growing and fattening cattle "Vyselkovsky". In 1989, he joined the Vyselkovsky district committee of the Komsomol that was headed by Alexander Tkachov. In 2001, Gromyko was appointed general director of the Department of Regional Food of the Krasnodar Krai. The same year, he became the advisor to Alexander Tkachov, who was the head of the administration of the Krasnodar Krai. From 2009 to 2012, Gromyko served as Deputy Head of Administration (Governor) of the Krasnodar Krai Alexander Tkachev. From January 2014 to July 2015 Gromyko represented Krasnodar Krai in the Federation Council. He left the position to become a deputy head of the Minister of Agriculture.
Awards
Certificate of honor from the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus (December 9, 2014).
References
Living people
1962 births
United Russia politicians
21st-century Russian politicians
People from Krasnodar Krai
Members of the Federation Council of Russia (after 2000) |
Aburi Botanical Gardens is a garden in Aburi in the Eastern Region of Ghana.
Today, in the 21st century, one cannot talk about horticulture in Ghana and West Africa without talking about the Aburi Botanical Gardens. The Garden occupies an area of 64.8 hectares. It was opened in March 1890 and was founded by Governor William Brandford-Griffith and Dr. John Farrell Easmon, a Sierra Leonean medical doctor. Before the garden was established, it was the site of a sanatorium built in 1875 for Gold Coast government officials. During the governorship of William Brandford-Griffith, a Basel missionary and Jamaican Moravian, Alexander Worthy Clerk, supervised the clearing of land around the sanatorium to start the Botanic Department. In 1890 William Crowther, a student from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, was appointed the garden's first curator. The gardens played an important role in encouraging cocoa production in South Ghana, by supplying cheap cocoa seedlings and information about scientific farming methods. After Hevea brasiliensis was sent to Aburi from Kew in 1893, the gardens also encouraged rubber production in Ghana.
In May 2019, the chief of Aburi, Otoobour Djan Kwasi II, called for the privatization of the Aburi Botanical Gardens. He was of the view that it was going to be an opportunity to invite investment to the tourist facility. He said the private investment could revitalize the Gardens and enhance its tourism potential to improve business in the area.
Aburi Botanic Garden has had many roles over the years including plant introduction and teaching scientific methods of agriculture but today is one of the many institutions leading the fight to save plant diversity through research, growing endangered plants, plant multiplication, horticultural training, and environmental education.
Tree species found in the garden
One can find in the garden tree species such as silk cotton (ceiba pentandra), mahogany, cedar, silver oak, and many more.
In view of its geographical position on the mountain with various tropical tree species and botanical gardens, the town, especially the gardens known as the Aburi Botanical Gardens, has become a haven for both foreign and local tourists.
Gallery
References
Botanical gardens in Ghana
1890 establishments in Gold Coast (British colony)
Tourist accommodations
Tourist attractions in Ghana |
Devinagar is a village development committee in Palpa District in Lumbini Province of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3280 people living in 541 individual households.
References
Populated places in Palpa District |
Shatterhand is a 1991 game for the Nintendo Entertainment System
Shatterhand may also refer to:
Dr. Guntram Shatterhand, an alias used by the James Bond villain, Ernst Stavro Blofeld
Shatterhand, a rumoured working title for the James Bond film No Time to Die
Old Shatterhand, a character in the American Wild West novels of Karl May
Old Shatterhand (film), a 1964 film based on Karl May's works
Villa Shatterhand, the Italian Renaissance residence of Karl May in Radebeul, Saxony |
The Jeongok Prehistory Museum (Korean: 전곡선사박물관) is a museum in Yeoncheon, South Korea. The museum exhibits are based on the natural history of the Chugaryeong rift valley.
History
The museum was established to conserve archaeological artifacts such as the Acheulean axe, which was found in an excavation in the Hantangang River in Yeoncheon County. The construction of the museum cost 48.2 million won, financed by the Gyeonggi Cultural Foundation. In 2011 it was considered the largest prehistoric museum on the Korean peninsula. The museum was designed by X-tu's French architects, Anouk Legendre and Nicolas Desmazieres. In 2012, the museum won the award of excellence at the Korean Architecture Awards. Since 2016, the museum has been part of the Google Arts & Culture platform. In 2019, the museum won a bronze International Design Excellence Awards medal: the prehistory museum is the first Korean museum to receive this award.
Collections
The museum contains one of the earliest axes in East Asia, as well as several relics dating back to the Stone Age. In addition, the museum contains fossils of Sahelanthropus and Homo sapiens that lived in Pyongyang. The museum has exhibits on human evolution as well as exhibits on stone tools. The museum also has exhibits on mammoths The museum contains cave paintings and primitive huts about early human life in Korea. The museum contains a 5,000-year-old mummy, as well as fossils of Ice Age animals such as cave bears, primitive horses, saber-toothed tigers and mammoths. The museum contains models of humans as well as excavated Jeongok-ri artifacts. In April 2021, the museum presented an exhibition about the Paleolithic period in which 120 objects including prehistoric clothing, burial relics, artwork and stone tools were exhibited. In October 2021, the museum received a painting of a dragon called "Taehwang Yongseongyeongdo" by Buddhist artist Monk Taehwang.
References
External links
Google Arts & Culture
Natural history museums in South Korea
2011 establishments in South Korea
Buildings and structures in Gyeonggi Province |
The Billboard Music Award for Top Rock Album winners and nominees. This is a newer award. Mumford & Sons and Coldplay won the award twice.
Winners and nominees
Superlatives
Wins
2 (Coldplay, Imagine Dragons, Mumford & Sons, Twenty One Pilots)
Nominations
5 (Mumford & Sons); 4 (Coldplay, Imagine Dragons, Twenty One Pilots); 2 (The Black Keys, Lorde, Nickelback, Panic! at the Disco)
References
Billboard awards
Album awards |
Pterolophia rubiensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1968.
References
rubiensis
Beetles described in 1968 |
County Route 533 (CR 533) is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends from the White Horse Circle, in Hamilton Township to Middlesex CR 607 on the border of Bound Brook and Middlesex Borough. CR 533 shares a long concurrency with U.S. Route 206 (US 206) through Princeton and Montgomery Township, while portions of the roadway in Somerset County are part of the Millstone River Valley Scenic Byway.
It also has a key historic importance, as George Washington used the road during his march from Trenton to Princeton during the American Revolution. This is commemorated by several small stone pillars at various points along the road.
Route description
White Horse to Princeton
The southern third of CR 533 serves as a shorter, more direct route between two parts of US 206, connecting the southern portion as it travels north from Bordentown and the northern portion as moves through Princeton and into Somerset County. The U.S. highway turns west down Broad Street at the circle and winds confusingly through the city of Trenton before moving through Lawrence, the county route continues nearly due north through Hamilton and along the Lawrence/West Windsor boundary into Princeton. CR 524 also begins at the circle, following Broad in the other direction toward Yardville and Allentown.
For its first in southern Hamilton, the route is White Horse-Mercerville Road, as it connects the two census-designated places of White Horse and Mercerville. Along the way, it accesses both Interstates 295 (exit 61) and 195 (exit 2) via Arena Drive, just from the southern terminus. In Mercerville, it intersects Route 33, providing access to downtown Trenton and the business-laden stretch of Hamilton Square. Less than later, CR 533 meets CR 535 and Nottingham Way at a five-point intersection, and continues north as Quaker Bridge Road.
At this point, the route picks up the trail followed by Washington. It passes Sloan Avenue, which again provides access to I-295 at exit 65 and widens to four lanes wide. From here, it continues on to the northern border of Hamilton and follows the border between Lawrence to the west and West Windsor on the east (the Keith line). It crosses Amtrak's Northeast Corridor and passes the Quaker Bridge Mall complex to the left as it approaches US 1.
After the US 1 cloverleaf interchange, the road name briefly changes to Province Line Road and intersects an access road to Mercer Mall. At the next traffic light, it intersects the access to the Nassau Park shopping center and Province Line Road, unsigned CR 569. North of this intersection, CR 533 becomes unsigned and is known as Quaker Road. After crossing the Delaware and Raritan Canal at Port Mercer, Quaker Road becomes under the jurisdiction of Princeton, turns off the Keith line into the borough, and crosses Stony Brook on Quaker Bridge. Paralleling Stony Brook and adjacent to farmland, CR 533 intersects Princeton Pike, also known as CR 583, before winding its way through a small residential area, narrows such that it becomes traversable for northbound traffic only, and reaches its intersection with US 206.
Concurrency with Route 206
During its concurrency with Route 206, CR 533 passes Drumthwacket, Nassau Street (Route 27's southern terminus) in downtown Princeton and Princeton Airport near an intersection with Route 518 in Montgomery Township, just beyond the county line between Mercer and Somerset. Just before the end of the concurrency, the road passes over Beden Brook. CR 533 is not signed anywhere along its concurrency with US 206.
Montgomery to Bound Brook
CR 533 finally splits off of US 206 in northern Montgomery, breaking off to the right and running along the western bank of the Millstone River, which is itself parallel to the Delaware and Raritan Canal for this stretch. It is now known as River Road, and there is a Canal Road that also mirrors CR 533 on the far side of the two waterways in Franklin Township.
CR 533 meets Township Line Road from the left, marking the move from Montgomery into Hillsborough. It later enters the borough of Millstone for about . Here, it intersects Amwell Road (CR 514), which provides access to a short bypass of the borough to the west. Upon reentering Hillsborough Township, CR 533 meets the northern terminus of the aforementioned bypass, signed as CR 533 Bypass.
CR 533 passes by the Central Jersey Regional Airport, then turns away from the river as it becomes Main Street in the borough of Manville. After , CR 533 crosses the Raritan River over Van Veghten's Bridge and enters Bridgewater. CR 533 reaches CDP Of Finderne, and turns right down Main Street, traveling almost due east for its remaining . In its busy final mile, it passes by TD Bank Ballpark, the Bridgewater Train Station serving NJ Transit's Raritan Valley Line and Interstate 287, enters Bound Brook. There is no direct access to I-287, but Promenade Boulevard does carry traffic to Route 28 at exit 13 off the freeway. Traveling through Bound Brook, reaches an intersection with Route 527 (Mountain Avenue) and forms a concurrency through the downtown area. After a roundabout, CR 527 heads to the south while CR 533 continues east along East Main Street. On a bridge connecting Bound Brook and the Middlesex County borough of Middlesex, CR 533 ends while Middlesex CR 607 continues east as Lincoln Boulevard.
Major intersections
CR 533 Spur
County Route 533 Spur (signed as County Route 533 Bypass) is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends from Millstone Bypass (CR 514) in Millstone to Millstone River Road (CR 533) in Hillsborough Township. It is known as Somerset Courthouse Road. There is only one other intersection along the road besides its two endpoints, Hamilton Road just feet north of the Millstone–Hillsborough Township border.
See also
References
External links
New Jersey 5xx Routes (Dan Moraseski)
533
533
533 |
Ying Shirley Meng () is a Singaporean-American materials scientist and academic. She is a professor at the Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago and Argonne Collaborative Center for Energy Storage Science (ACCESS) chief scientist at Argonne National Laboratory.
Meng is the author and co-author of more than 200 peer-reviewed journal articles, two book chapter and six patents. She serves on the executive committee for battery division at the Electrochemical Society and she is the Editor-in-Chief for MRS Energy & Sustainability.
Education and career
Meng studied materials engineering at the Nanyang Technological University in Singapore and graduated in 2000 with a Bachelor of Science. She was a doctoral student in the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology's largest international research initiative. She earned her doctoral degree in materials science under the supervision of Gerbrand Ceder in 2005, after which she joined Massachusetts Institute of Technology as a postdoctoral fellow.
In 2008, Meng joined the University of Florida as an Assistant Professor of Materials Science. She moved to the Nanoengineering department at University of California, San Diego in 2009, where she also was a professor in the Materials Science Program. She was the founding director of the Sustainable Power and Energy Center from 2015 to 2020. In 2018, Meng was named the Zable Endowed Chair Professor in Energy Technologies. She was also the inaugural director of Institute for Materials Discovery and Design at University of California, San Diego from 2019.
In 2022, Meng joined the Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago as professor, as well as Argonne National Laboratory as chief scientist of the Argonne Collaborative Center for Energy Storage Science (ACCESS).
Research
Meng's research focuses on investigating functional nano- and micro-scale materials for energy storage and conversion by combining advanced characterizations such as titration gas chromatography, cryo-EM, cryo-FIB, in situ CDXI, etc. and first-principles simulations. Her research includes lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, all-solid-state batteries, magnetic materials and third-generation solar cells.
Recently, Meng established the analytical method of titration gas chromatography to quantify the contribution of unreacted metallic Li to the total amount of inactive lithium for diagnosing the failure mechanism in lithium metal batteries.
Her research work with her students has led to battery startups spinning out from her lab. One example is South 8 Technologies, a company that is commercializing liquefied gas electrolyte, developed as part of research by Cyrus Rustomji (UC San Diego PhD '15), that allows for lithium batteries to work at cold temperatures.
Awards and honors
2002, Systems on Silicon Manufacturing Co. Pte. Ltd (SSMC) Award
2003, Graduate Student Award (Materials Research Society)
2008, Early Career Faculty Travel Award (The Electrochemical Society)
2011, National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award
2013, Chancellor's Interdisciplinary Research Award
2014, Science Award Electrochemistry by BASF and Volkswagen
2015, Frontier of Innovation Award
2016, Charles W. Tobias Award, Electrochemical Society
2017, IUMRS-Singapore Young Scientist Research Award
2018, Elected Fellow of Electrochemical Society (ECS)
2018, Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists Finalist
2018, American Chemical Society ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Young Investigator Award 2018, International Coalition for Energy Storage and Innovation (ICESI) Inaugural Young Career Award
2019, Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists Finalist
2019, Chancellor’s Associates Faculty Excellence Award for Excellence in Research in Science and Engineering
2019, IBA2019 Research Award of International Battery Materials Association (IBA)
2021, Fellow of the Materials Research Society
2022, Department of Energy (DOE): Clean Energy Education & Empowerment Award
Professional memberships
Electrochemical Society; Materials Research Society; American Chemical Society.
Selected publications
References
Nanyang Technological University alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
University of California, San Diego people
University of Chicago faculty
Argonne National Laboratory people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Singaporean emigrants to the United States |
Mazacotte is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alfredo Mazacotte (born 1987), Paraguayan footballer
Ricardo Mazacotte (born 1985), Argentine-Paraguayan footballer |
D. Block Ward is a ward located under Nagaland's capital city, Kohima. The ward falls under the designated Ward No. 6 of the Kohima Municipal Council.
Education
Educational Institutions in D. Block Ward:
Schools
Assam Rifles Public School
D . Block Government Primary School
East View Home School
Savio K. G. School
See also
Municipal Wards of Kohima
References
External links
Map of Kohima Ward No. 6
Kohima
Wards of Kohima |
Hizbandegan (, also Romanized as Hīzbandegān) is a village in Rudkhaneh Bar Rural District, Rudkhaneh District, Rudan County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 792, in 178 families.
References
Populated places in Rudan County |
Unforgettable is the twelfth studio album LP record by blues, R&B and jazz singer Dinah Washington, released on the Mercury Records label, and reissued as a compilation album in 1991. The record shows the singer mostly in a pop star role instead of her traditional jazz & blues style. Allmusic reviews the compilation album as saying: "This CD (which has the original LP program of 12 songs joined by six others) finds Washington singing brief (mostly under three-minute) versions of standards in hopes of gaining another hit.".
The single "Unforgettable", released in 1959, peaked at No. 10 on the Billboard 200 chart in 1961, and Dinah's recording of the song was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2001.
Track listing
"This Bitter Earth" (Clyde Otis) – 2:27
"I Understand" (Mabel Wayne, Kim Gannon) – 2:38
"This Love of Mine" (Sol Parker, Hank Sanicola, Frank Sinatra) – 2:39
"Alone" (Arthur Freed, Nacio Herb Brown) – 2:21
"Somewhere Along the Line" (Walter Merrick, Dinah Washington) – 2:39
"The Song Is Ended (But the Melody Lingers On)" (Irving Berlin) – 2:52
"Everybody Loves Somebody" (Sam Coslow, Irving Taylor, Ken Lane) – 2:26
"Ask a Woman Who Knows" (Victor Abrams) – 2:42
"A Man Only Does (What a Woman Makes Him Do)" (Clyde Otis, Kelly Owens) – 2:24
"A Bad Case of the Blues" (Clyde Otis) – 2:38
"When I Fall in Love" (Victor Young, Edward Heyman) – 2:33
"Unforgettable" (Irving Gordon) – 2:42
Additional tracks on 1991 compilation album
Personnel
Musicians
Dinah Washington, vocals, arranger
Belford Hendricks, arranger, conductor
Nat Goodman, conductor
Rene Hall, guitar
Barney Kessel, guitar
Ernie Freeman, piano
Red Callender, bass
Earl Palmer, drums
Production
Lou Sidran – original liner notes
References
1961 albums
Dinah Washington albums
Mercury Records albums
Traditional pop albums
Albums arranged by Belford Hendricks
Albums conducted by Belford Hendricks |
Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets (1779–81), alternatively known by the shorter title Lives of the Poets, is a work by Samuel Johnson comprising short biographies and critical appraisals of 52 poets, most of whom lived during the eighteenth century. These were arranged, approximately, by date of death.
From the close of the 18th century, expanded editions and updates of Johnson's work began to appear.
Background
Johnson began writing individual biographical pieces in 1740, the first being devoted to Jean-Philippe Baratier, Robert Blake, and Francis Drake. In 1744 he wrote his first extended literary biography, the Life of Mr Richard Savage, in honour of a friend who had died the year before.
Various accounts are given of how Johnson came to write his Lives of the Poets during an episode of anti-Scottish sentiment in England. As related in the preface to the 1891 edition of the Lives, Scottish publishers had started to produce editions of the collected works of various English poets and sell them in London, which was considered an invasion of copyright precedent. Then in 1777 the publisher John Bell proposed to bring out a 109-volume set of The Poets of Great Britain complete from Chaucer to Churchill, printed in Edinburgh at the rate of a volume a week. In order to compete with this project, Johnson was asked by a deputation of London publishers and booksellers, led by Thomas Davies, William Strahan and Thomas Cadell, to provide short biographies for a standard edition of poets in whom they had an interest. Johnson named a price of 200 guineas, an amount significantly lower than what he could have demanded. Soon afterwards, advertisements began to appear announcing “The English Poets, with a preface biographical and critical, to each author…elegantly printed in small pocket volumes, on a fine writing paper, ornamented with the heads of the respective authors, engraved by the most eminent artists”.
Johnson was slow to put pen to paper, although on 3 May 1777 he wrote to Boswell that he was busy preparing "little Lives and little Prefaces, to a little edition of the English Poets". When asked later by Boswell whether he would do this for "any dunce’s works, if they should ask him," Johnson replied, "Yes, sir; and say he was a dunce." However, while so engaged, he made a few suggestions of his own for inclusion, including the poems of John Pomfret, Thomas Yalden, Isaac Watts, Richard Blackmore’s The Creation and James Thomson’s The Seasons. But as the work progressed, many of the prefaces grew in length, further holding up progress. The format of these now included a narrative of the poet’s life, a summary of his character and a critical assessment of his main poems. Eventually the decision was taken in 1779 to issue 56 volumes of poets alone, for which the sheets were already printed, together with separate volumes of prefaces as and when Johnson completed them. At first the prefaces were only made available to subscribers to the full set of poets, but in March 1781 the collected prefaces were offered separately as a six-volume work under the present title.
The Lives and their shortcomings
With some rare exceptions, almost all the prefaces were specially written for the series. The extended Life of Richard Savage of 1744 was incorporated with very few changes; an article on the Earl of Roscommon, previously published in The Gentleman's Magazine for May 1748, was worked over to conform to Johnson’s overall plan. An earlier “Dissertation on Pope’s Epitaphs” from 1756 was added to the end of the life of Alexander Pope and the character of William Collins had already appeared in The Poetical Calendar (1763). The life of Edward Young was written by Sir Herbert Croft at Johnson's request, since that baronet had known him well. There are also lengthy quotations from other authors, as for example the “Prefatory Discourse” to the work of John Philips written by his friend Edmund Smith.
Even though the choice of authors was limited to those who were dead, some among the most recently deceased were not included, notably Charles Churchill (of whom Johnson disapproved) and Oliver Goldsmith, but this may have been due to copyright issues in both cases. Women poets were comprehensively omitted and that fact too was to draw criticism. Indeed, it has been conjectured that the 1785 new edition of George Colman and Bonnell Thornton’s 2-volume Poems by Eminent Ladies (originally published in 1755) may have been meant as a conscious supplement to the all-male series.
Not all the details in the book have proved trustworthy, and many critical judgements were considered prejudiced and unequal, even at the time of publication. The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature instances as examples "its strictures on Milton's Lycidas, Gray's Odes, and its evident prejudice against Swift", as well as the hostile characterisation of the Metaphysical style in the life of Abraham Cowley. Nor can Johnson's prejudices be palliated by the observation in The Cambridge History of English and American Literature that "he was much more interested in the man than in that part of him which is the author ...He claimed for it no exclusive privileges, nor held that the poet was a man apart to be measured by standards inapplicable to other men."
List of Lives
The poets included are:
Abraham Cowley
Sir John Denham
John Milton
Samuel Butler (Hudibras)
John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester
Wentworth Dillon, Earl of Roscommon
Thomas Otway
Edmund Waller
John Pomfret
Charles Sackville, Earl of Dorset
George Stepney
John Philips
William Walsh
John Dryden
Edmund Smith
Richard Duke
William King
Thomas Sprat
Charles Montagu, Earl of Halifax
Thomas Parnell
Samuel Garth
Nicholas Rowe
Joseph Addison
John Hughes
John Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham
Matthew Prior
William Congreve
Sir Richard Blackmore
Elijah Fenton
John Gay
George Granville, Lord Lansdowne
Thomas Yalden
Thomas Tickell
James Hammond
William Somervile
Richard Savage
Jonathan Swift
William Broome
Alexander Pope
Christopher Pitt
James Thomson
Isaac Watts
Ambrose Philips
Gilbert West
William Collins
John Dyer
William Shenstone
Edward Young
David Mallet
Mark Akenside
Thomas Gray
George, Lord Lyttelton
Editorial responses
Although the quality of Johnson's writing has guaranteed the survival of his last considerable undertaking, its critical limitations generated published responses almost immediately. One of Johnson's own friends, John Scott, so differed in opinion with some of his judgments that he wrote essays of his own on individual works by John Denham, John Dyer, Milton, Pope, Collins, Goldsmith and Thomson which were published in 1785 under the title Critical Essays on Some of the Poems of Several English Poets. When dealing with Goldsmith's The Deserted Village he takes particular issue with the principles of inclusion in the collection of poets with which Johnson was associated: "The Temple of Fame, lately erected under the title of The Works of the English Poets, affords a striking instance of caprice in the matter of admission to literary honours", he charged. To Scott the choice of poets seemed lacking in either method or "rational impartial criticism" (p.247).
In the same year appeared the new edition of Poems by the Most Eminent Ladies of Great Britain and Ireland…with considerable alterations, additions and improvements. It has been conjectured, as mentioned above, that a reissue of the work thirty years after its first publication was a response to the omission of any female poets from the recent collection. The 1785 editor does not say as much in the "Advertisement" and it is only by a comparison of the contents lists of the two that it becomes apparent that the new edition gives a less comprehensive choice of works in order to include more authors. Breadth of coverage in the 1785 edition demonstrates the variety of women poets rather than, as in the 1755 edition, the variety of writing by individual authors.
Between 1821 and 1824 Henry Francis Cary published several essays in The London Magazine, collected and posthumously published in 1846 under the title Lives of English poets, from Johnson to Kirke White, designed as a continuation of Johnson's Lives. These were unaccompanied by the works of the seventeen poets covered, apart from excerpts quoted in discussing their writing. The essays follow Johnson's tripartite exposition of biographical detail, character study and descriptive survey of the poetry, and begin with Johnson himself, at ninety pages in length by far the longest essay in the book. There his prose works as well as his poetry are discussed; in fact more pages are devoted to the Lives of the Poets than to Johnson's own performance as a poet. Oliver Goldsmith appears midway through the book and is given only twenty-four pages, less than those awarded William Mason and Erasmus Darwin, who precede and follow him. Where it is pertinent, Johnson's critical opinions are quoted (although not always approved), and in Goldsmith's case Johnsonian anecdotes are introduced.
A body of the standard English poets
Robert Anderson prefaced his A complete edition of the poets of Great Britain (1795) with the statement that "When a new collection of English poetry is offered to the public, it will doubtless be inquired what are the deficiencies of preceding collections." To answer the question he went on to survey such anthologies over two centuries, noting in what ways they fell short of the completeness that he proposed. The ‘Johnson edition’ had failed in extensiveness by starting the English canon only in the second half of the 17th century. When it was augmented with the work of fourteen more poets in 1790, it still failed in inclusiveness, even over its allotted time-span; in addition, the biographical details of the added poets were skimped. What Anderson now proposed was a more ambitious set of poets, extending from Chaucer and covering the Tudor and early Stuart poets previously omitted, although in the event he was unable to include all that he wished. The selection also included more Scottish poets (though excluding dialect poetry) and two volumes of translations from the Classical writers. The accompanying biographies of the poets were written by Anderson himself.
From the point of view of comprehensive coverage, Alexander Chalmers advanced little beyond his predecessor in his The Works of the English Poets, from Chaucer to Cowper (1810). The main difference is that for those poets who appeared in the 'Johnson edition', Johnson's lives are retained. At this date it is conceded in the preface that, "after all the objections that have been offered, [they] must ever be the foundation of English poetical biography." By including them also there is an implied continuity between the volumes to which Johnson contributed and Chalmers' "work professing to be a Body of the Standard English Poets".
Later critical interpretations
Matthew Arnold, in his Six Chief Lives from Johnson's "Lives of the Poets" (1878), considered the Lives of Milton, Dryden, Pope, Addison, Swift, and Gray as "points which stand as so many natural centres, and by returning to which we can always find our way again" and also as a model for Arnold's "ideal of liberal education", representing "a crucial century and a half in English literature". For Arnold the whole work, focusing on these six, formed a "compendious story of a whole important age in English literature, told by a great man, and in a performance which is itself a piece of English literature of the first class".
In mentioning this reading of Johnson's Lives at the start of his own article in The Cambridge Companion to Samuel Johnson, Greg Clingham describes the topics covered there as "like a list of most of the important issues in literary history during the years 1600–1781" as well as something like a social, philosophical and political history of that era. But Philip Smallwood, commenting on the Lives in The Oxford Handbook of British Poetry, 1660-1800, nuances this by pointing out that Johnson did not set out to produce a literary history. His main preoccupation is with how literary work is in a state of flux and advanced by individuals writing within a historical context. Consideration of their lives is therefore justified as it helps the reader in a different time to appreciate the significance of the works described.
Bibliography
Bonnell, Thomas F. The Most Disreputable Trade: Publishing the Classics of English Poetry 1765-1810, OUP 2008
Boswell, James: The Life of Samuel Johnson, Musaicum Books 2017
Lonsdale, Roger. Introduction to the 2006 edition of Johnson's "Lives" (Clarendon Press)
Nichol Smith, David. "Johnson and Boswell" in The Cambridge History of English and American Literature 1913, Vol.X, sections 25–6 on Bartleby
References
External links
The lives of the most eminent English poets; with critical observations on their works (1783)
Volume 2
Volume 3
Volume 4
The Works Of The English Poets From Chaucer To Cowper Including The Series Edited With Prefaces Biographical And Critical Volume I (1810)
The lives of the most eminent English poets; with critical observations on their works, in three volumes (1810?) at Internet Archive
Volume 1 (1821)
Volume 2; 1905 reprint; an introd. by Arthur Waugh; (1819)
Volume 3; (1819)
Lives of the Poets in Two Volumes (1826) at Internet Archive
Volume 1
Volume 2
The lives of the most eminent English poets; with critical observations on their works, in three volumes (1854; ed. Peter Cunningham) at Internet Archive
Volume 1
Volume 2
Volume 3
1781 non-fiction books
Biographies about writers
British biographies
English non-fiction literature
English poetry
Books by Samuel Johnson |
In mathematics, Milnor maps are named in honor of John Milnor, who introduced them to topology and algebraic geometry in his book Singular Points of Complex Hypersurfaces (Princeton University Press, 1968) and earlier lectures. The most studied Milnor maps are actually fibrations, and the phrase Milnor fibration is more commonly encountered in the mathematical literature. These were introduced to study isolated singularities by constructing numerical invariants related to the topology of a smooth deformation of the singular space.
Definition
Let be a non-constant polynomial function of complex variables where the vanishing locus of
is only at the origin, meaning the associated variety is not smooth at the origin. Then, for (a sphere inside of radius ) the Milnor fibrationpg 68 associated to is defined as the map
,
which is a locally trivial smooth fibration for sufficiently small . Originally this was proven as a theorem by Milnor, but was later taken as the definition of a Milnor fibration. Note this is a well defined map since
,
where is the argument of a complex number.
Historical motivation
One of the original motivations for studying such maps was in the study of knots constructed by taking an -ball around a singular point of a plane curve, which is isomorphic to a real 4-dimensional ball, and looking at the knot inside the boundary, which is a 1-manifold inside of a 3-sphere. Since this concept could be generalized to hypersurfaces with isolated singularities, Milnor introduced the subject and proved his theorem.
In algebraic geometry
Another closed related notion in algebraic geometry is the Milnor fiber of an isolated hypersurface singularity. This has a similar setup, where a polynomial with having a singularity at the origin, but now the polynomial
is considered. Then, the algebraic Milnor fiber is taken as one of the polynomials .
Properties and Theorems
Parallelizability
One of the basic structure theorems about Milnor fibers is they are parallelizable manifoldspg 75.
Homotopy type
Milnor fibers are special because they have the homotopy type of a bouquet of spherespg 78. The number of these spheres is the Milnor number. In fact, the number of spheres can be computed using the formula
where the quotient ideal is the Jacobian ideal, defined by the partial derivatives . These spheres deformed to the algebraic Milnor fiber are the Vanishing cycles of the fibrationpg 83. Unfortunately, computing the eigenvalues of their monodromy is computationally challenging and requires advanced techniques such as b-functionspg 23.
Milnor's fibration theorem
Milnor's Fibration Theorem states that, for every such that the origin is a singular point of the hypersurface (in particular, for every non-constant square-free polynomial of two variables, the case of plane curves), then for sufficiently small,
is a fibration. Each fiber is a non-compact differentiable manifold of real dimension . Note that the closure of each fiber is a compact manifold with boundary. Here the boundary corresponds to the intersection of with the -sphere (of sufficiently small radius) and therefore it is a real manifold of dimension . Furthermore, this compact manifold with boundary, which is known as the Milnor fiber (of the isolated singular point of at the origin), is diffeomorphic to the intersection of the closed -ball (bounded by the small -sphere) with the (non-singular) hypersurface where and is any sufficiently small non-zero complex number. This small piece of hypersurface is also called a Milnor fiber.
Milnor maps at other radii are not always fibrations, but they still have many interesting properties. For most (but not all) polynomials, the Milnor map at infinity (that is, at any sufficiently large radius) is again a fibration.
Examples
The Milnor map of at any radius is a fibration; this construction gives the trefoil knot its structure as a fibered knot.
See also
Vanishing cycle
Mixed Hodge structure
References
Knot theory
Singularity theory |
The Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 19th century. It shared its eastern border with the Kingdom of Jimma, its southern border with the Kingdom of Gomma and its western border with the Kingdom of Gumma. Beyond its northern border lay tribes of the Macha Oromo. Jimma was considered the most civilized of the Gibe kingdoms, which had a population in the 1880s between 10,000 and 12,000. It was converted to Islam by missionaries from Emirate of Harar in the first half of the 19th century; C.T. Beke, writing in 1841, reported that its "king and most of his subjects are Mohammedan." Limmu-Ennarea's capital was at Saqqa.
The location of this former kingdom has a north to south central elevation between 1,500 and over 2,000 metres (5,000 to over 6,500 feet), and is covered with forests. The population of this kingdom was estimated in 1880 to have been about 40,000, including slaves. However, this was after an epidemic of plague in the late 1840s, and Mordechai Abir estimates the population before that calamity to have been around 100,000.
History
The kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea was a continuation of the older kingdom of Ennarea, which for many decades successfully resisted the Oromo, who had overrun other kingdoms tributary to the Ethiopian Emperor including Bizamo and Konch. Despite this, as Mohammed Hassen observes, Ennarea eventually drifted into an extended period of civil war and by "the middle of the second half of the seventeenth century, Ennarya not only lacked a single leadership, but also her feuding leaders probably fought more with each other than with their common enemy." In 1704, when Emperor Iyasu the Great campaigned south of the Abay River, and reached Gonga, the stronghold of Ennarea on the Gibe River, he was met by two rival leaders of the crumbling kingdom. In the years following the Emperor's expedition to Ennarea, the warring potentates gradually fled south to the Kingdom of Kaffa. The remaining Sidamo population was absorbed by the Oromo, who as a practice made no distinction in ethnic ancestry for inclusion into their society.
Eventually a powerful war leader, Bofo the son of Boku, came to dominate the Limmu Oromo by his military prowess and charisma; Mohammed Hassen dates this development between 1800 and 1802. He formed a dynastic bond with the daughter of Abba Rebu, who traced his ancestry to both the earlier dynasty that ruled Ennarea, as well as a Portuguese soldier from Cristóvão da Gama's army who had come to live in Ennarea. Abir also notes that another tradition states that this marriage was a political union between two rival clans, the Sapera and the Sigaro. In either case, due to this Portuguese influence, the kings of Limmu-Ennarea called themselves supera, unlike the other Gibe kings who used the Oromo word "Moti" which originally indicated the office of the war leader (also called Abba Dula) during the cycle of his Gadaa.
In 1825, Bofu abdicated in favor of his son, Abba Bagibo, under whose rule Limmu-Ennarea reached the peak of its existence. Due to wars in neighboring Jimmu, merchants used the trade route through his kingdom to gain access to Kaffa. Abba Bagibo made a concerted effort to promote this trade, both with beneficial policies (e.g., offering security from bandits to traders, and lower tariffs) and with coercive ones (requiring merchants from Gondar, Adwa, Derita and Dawe to meet their counterparts from Kaffa and further south at Saqqa).
During Abba Bagibo's reign, the Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea adopted Islam as the state religion. When Catholic missionaries later opened a mission in the kingdom in 1846, the king told them that "had you come thirty years ago, not only I but all my countrymen might have embraced your religion, but now it is impossible."
Jimma's eventual success at conquering the Badi-Folla in 1847 reopened the trade route between Kaffa and Shewa, which merchants found to be a much better route. This also brought an end to Limmu-Ennarea prosperity, despite Abba Bagido's later actions. On his death in 1861, Abba Bagido was succeeded by his "untalented and fanatic Muslim son", who hastened the kingdom's decline.
Limmu-Ennarea was secured for Shewa by Ras Gobana Dacche following the decisive Battle of Embabo, without a single blow being struck; however, when Ras Gobana fell from power a few years later in the mid-1880s, the entire Gibe region erupted in revolt. Dejazmach Wolde Giyorgis then re-conquered the kingdom by force; the Dejazmach afterwards built a church dedicated to St Marqos near the royal palace. Abba Bagibo, the son of the last king, Abba Gomoli, converted to Christianity for political advantages, changed his name to Gabra Selassie, and became a Fitawrari in the Ethiopian Empire.
See also
Rulers of the Gibe State of Limu-'Enarya
Notes
Former monarchies of Africa
19th century in Ethiopia
States and territories established in the 19th century
Oromo royal families |
Vahinisaheb () is an Indian Marathi-language television series which aired on Zee Marathi. It premiered from 20 November 2006 by replacing Oon Paaus and ended on 9 May 2009 completing 734 episodes. It starred Bhargavi Chirmule, Suchitra Bandekar, Vinay Apte and Sharad Ponkshe in lead roles.
Plot
After the demise of Bhaiyyasaheb Kirloskar's first wife, Kalindi, a new chapter unfolds in his life as he decides to embrace matrimony once again, this time with Yamini. However, despite the union, Bhaiyyasaheb finds himself grappling with a certain hesitancy—a reluctance to bestow upon Yamini the esteemed title of Vahinisaheb. This intriguing layer in their relationship adds depth to the narrative, inviting viewers to delve into the complexities of Bhaiyyasaheb's emotions as he navigates the delicate balance between past and present, love and memory. The series becomes a nuanced exploration of the intricacies within the dynamics of remarriage, where the echoes of the past linger, shaping the contours of the present.
Cast
Main
Bhargavi Chirmule as Bhairavi Vishwas Kirloskar (Kusum)
Suchitra Bandekar as Yamini Bhaiyyasaheb Kirloskar (Akkasaheb)
Recurring
Vinay Apte as Bhaiyyasaheb Kirloskar
Sharad Ponkshe as Dharma Deshmukh
Ashok Shinde as Bhavani Shankar
Ashwini Ekbote as Kaveri Sudhir Jaykar
Jayant Savarkar as Ranga Dalvi
Samidha Guru as Sweety
Onkar Karve as Vishwas Bhaiyyasaheb Kirloskar
Abhijeet Kelkar / Ketan Kshirsagar as Jaysingh Bhaiyyasaheb Kirloskar
Sai Ranade as Janaki Dharma Deshmukh / Janaki Jaysingh Kirloskar
Rugvedi Pradhan as Neha Bhaiyyasaheb Kirloskar / Neha Kunal Jaykar
Sandhya Mhatre as Kalindi Bhaiyyasaheb Kirloskar
Avinash Narkar as Shrikant Dalvi
Lokesh Gupte as Naresh Dalvi
Swanand Joshi as Nana Joshi
Girish Pardeshi as Kunal Jaykar (Raja)
Bal Karve as Aaba Jaykar
Prasanna Ketkar as Sudhir Jaykar
Shilpa Navalkar as Diksha Gadkari
Shantanu Moghe as Sumedh Mujumdar
Kashyap Parulekar as Abhay Bhosale
Sunil Godbole as Dr. Agnihotri
Atul Mahajan as Dr. Gadkari
Seema Deshmukh as Rukmini
Sunil Tawde as Ganga
Anil Gawas as Nanda
Pournima Ahire as Bayo
Jyotsna Das as Aau
Ramesh Chandane as Dadu
Vijay Mishra as Sada
Prakash Bhagwat as Sadashiv
Gauri Jadhav as Bhingari
Rohini Hattangadi
Sanjay Kshemkalyani
Vasudha Deshpande
Amruta Raorane
Manasi Magikar
Rama Joshi
Anand Kale
Awards
References
External links
Marathi-language television shows
Zee Marathi original programming
2006 Indian television series debuts
2009 Indian television series endings |
Champagne-et-Fontaine (; ) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
Champagne-et-Fontaine is the birthplace of Philip I of France.
Geography
The Lizonne flows southwestward through the northern part of the commune and forms part of its western border.
Population
Villages, hamlets, and localities
Ambournet
au Montey
au Paris
au Petit Bois
au Rouge
aux Pêcheries
Basse Foucaudie
Bois des Chambres
Carabin
Champagne
Château de la Ligerie
Château du Clauzurou
Chaumont
Chez Bidou
Chez le Tard
Chez Peillou
Chez Robin
Chez Trinquet
Combe du Prieur
Cormeille
Espinasse
Fombouille
Fontaine
Fontaine de Notre-Dame
Grange du Breuil
Grange du Mazac
Grange Neuve
Grelet
Gué de Pompeigne
Haute Foucaudie
Jaufrenie
Jovelle
la Boige
la Borie
la Bourelie
la Croix du Rapt
la Divinie
la Faye
la Feuillade Basse
la Feuillade Haute
la Forêt
la Genevrière
la Richardie
la Vaure
la Vergne
l'Âge
Lardinie
le Cluzeau
le Combeau
le Gouyot
le Grafeuil
le Grand Clos
le Luc
le Mazac
le Nept
le Pas de Fontaine
le Petit Breuil
le Petit Cluzeau
le Petit Ferrier
le Petit Rochat
le Pigeonnier
le Quinze
le Repaire
le Roc
le Vivier
les Bigonnies
les Chaumes
les Écures
les Gacheries
les Gagneries
les Gravelles
les Grilles
les Jarriges
les Jartres
les Mottes
les Vergnes
Maine Vignau
Maison Neuve
Moulin Chaudeau
Moulin de Rochat
Moulin du Vivier
Pas Vieux
Plantigarde
Pompeigne
Puy de Versac
Puy Tirel
Ruisseau de Fontaine
Saint-Morézi
Saumont
Terres du Fougereau
Veyrines
Villard
Personalities
For some twenty years the family of Charles de Gaulle owned a country home there called La Ligerie where de Gaulle spent his summers as a youngster. The de Gaulle family sold La Ligerie in 1920.
See also
Communes of the Dordogne department
References
Communes of Dordogne |
Dufour Yachts is a French sailboat manufacturer which was founded in 1964 by naval architect and engineer Michel Dufour.
It was purchased by Fountaine Pajot in 2018, and Dufour remains a separate brand.
Current models
From the list of models on Dufour Yachts's website, as of February 2021.
Dufour 310
Dufour 360
Dufour 390
Dufour 412
Dufour 430
Dufour 470
Dufour 530
Dufour 56
Dufour 61
Earlier models
Dufour Arpege
Dufour T6
Dufour T7
Dufour Sortilege 41
Dufour Sylphe
Dufour 1200
Dufour 1800
Dufour 2800
Dufour 12000
Dufour 3800
Dufour 4800
Dufour 24
Dufour 25
Dufour 27
Dufour 29
Dufour 31
Dufour 34
Dufour 35
Dufour 34 Performance
Dufour 39 German Frers
Dufour 40e
Dufour 44 Performance
Dufour 45e
Dufour Classic 30
Dufour Classic 32
Dufour Classic 35
Dufour Classic 36
Dufour Classic 38
Dufour Classic 41
Dufour Classic 43
Dufour Classic 45
Dufour Classic 50
Dufour 40 Performance
Dufour 34e
Dufour 325 Grand Large
Dufour 335 Grand Large
Dufour 365 Grand Large
Dufour 36 Performance
Dufour 375 Grand Large
Dufour 380 Grand Large
Dufour 385 Grand Large
Dufour 405 Grand Large
Dufour 410 Grand Large
Dufour 445 Grand Large
Dufour 450 Grand Large
Dufour 425 Grand Large
Dufour 455 Grand Large
Dufour 485 Grand Large
Dufour 500 Grand Large
Dufour 512 Grand Large
Dufour 525 Grand Large
Dufour 560 Grand Large
Dufour 382 Grand Large
Dufour 460 Grand Large
Dufour 520 Grand Large
Dufour 63 Exclusive
References
External links
Dufour Yachts
French companies established in 1884 |
Milldale, Virginia is a community in Warren County, Virginia. Mount Zion was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.
References
Geography of Warren County, Virginia |
Otto Roquette (April 19, 1824 – March 18, 1896) was a German author.
Life and work
Roquette was born in Krotoschin, Prussian Province of Posen. The son of a district court councillor, he first went to Bromberg (modern Bydgoszcz) in 1834, and from 1846 to 1850 studied Philology and History in Heidelberg, Berlin, and Halle. After tours in Switzerland and Italy, he moved to in Berlin in 1852. He became a teacher in Dresden in 1853. He returned to Berlin in 1857 and in 1862 became a professor of literary history at the War Academy until he changed to the Vocational Academy (now the Berlin Institute of Technology) in 1867. In 1868 he joined the Vandalia-Teutonia Berlin. From 1869 he taught at the Polytechnic in Darmstadt (now TU Darmstadt). In 1893 he was named to the Geheimrat. Roquette befriended the German author Paul Heyse and, like Heyse, was a member of the literary group "Rütli".
Roquette's pseudo-romantic and epigonic lyric poetry and his fairy tale-laden epic verse is representative of Butzenscheibenlyric. From 1850 on, his works were extremely popular and especially beloved in conservative circles. His fashionable post-revolution poetry was a deliberate departure from the politically tinged verse of the pre-March era. His celebrated verse-epic on themes of love, wine, and youth, Waldmeisters Brautfahrt, first appeared in 1851 and enjoyed sensational success for a book at that time – appearing in more than 50 editions over thirty years.
Roquette's work was popular with some Lieder composers, such as Pauline Volkstein. His 1851 poem Noch ist die blühende, goldene Zeit was fit to a well-known folk tune in 1863 by the musician Wilhelm Baumgartner. Roquette was also a novelist, playwright, literary historian and autobiographer
Roquette died in Darmstadt. Later generations found Roquette's work to be predominantly shallow and of little artistic value, and it is virtually forgotten today.
Works
1850: Walpurgis
1851: Orion
1851: Waldmeisters Brautfahrt (Verse-Epic)
1852: Liederbuch (under the title "Poems" 1859)
1852: Der Tag von St. Jakob
1853: Das Reich der Träume
1854: Herr Heinrich
1855: Haus Haidekuckuck (Verse-Epic)
1855: Das Hünengrab
1858: Heinrich Falk (Novel)
1959: Erzählungen
1860: Leben und Dichten Johann Christian Günther's (Scholarly work, biography)
1862: Neue Erzählungen
1864: Susanne
1866: Die Legende von der heiligen Elisabeth (Libretto to an Oratorio by Franz Liszt)
1867: Luginsland
1867: Pierrot
1867–76: Dramatische Dichtungen
1868: Krachmost
1869: Das Paradies
1870: Novellen
1871–75: Welt und Haus (Novella)
1873: Gevatter Tod
1873: Rhampsinit
1873: Die Schlangenkönigin
1877: Euphrosyne (Novel)
1878: Das Buchstabirbuch der Leidenschaft (Novel)
1878: Im Hause der Väter (Novel)
1879: Geschichte der Deutschen Dichtung von den ältesten Denkmälern bis auf die Neuzeit (Scholarly work, literary History)
1879: Die Prophetenschule (Novel)
1883: Friedrich Preller
1884: Neues Novellenbuch
1884: Das Haus Eberhard
1884: Unterwegs
1884: Tage des Waldlebens
1884: Baum im Odenwald
1887: Große und kleine Leute in Alt-Weimar
1890: Frühlingsstimmen
1890: Des Lebens Mummenschanz
1892: Ul von Haslach
1894: Siebzig Jahre (Autobiography)
1895: Sonderlinge
1896: Krethi und Plethi
1896: Von Tag zu Tage (posthumous)
References
Ludwig Julius Fränkel: Roquette, Otto. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 53, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1907, pp. 469–478.
Ursula Perkow: Wie Otto Roquette zum Dichter wurde. Mit Waldmeister aus Handschuhsheim auf dem Weg zum Ruhm. In: Jahrbuch des Stadtteilvereins Handschuhsheim, Heidelberg 1997, pp. 88–95 (Internet-Ausgabe)
External links
1824 births
1896 deaths
People from Krotoszyn
Writers from the Province of Posen
German male writers |
Kipp Coulee is located in Southern Alberta, Canada. It is southeast of the town of Raymond and starts on the north shore of the Milk River Ridge Reservoir it then makes its way through the Village of Stirling and then it joins the Etzikom Coulee just north east of Stirling.
See also
List of coulees in Alberta
List of lakes in Alberta
Geography of Alberta
Coulee
Coulees of Alberta
County of Warner No. 5 |
Yeşilyurt Village Mosque is a historical mosque built in the Ottoman period (1900s). The mosque located in Yeşilyurt Village of Ayvacık district of Çanakkale province.
At the entrance of the mosque, there is the date of 1322 Hijri. Due to the work of Greeks during the construction of the mosque and the influence of their culture, the architectural type of the mosque is reminiscent of the church. There are star and crescent motifs inside the building.
References
Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata
Mosques in Turkey
Ottoman mosques in Turkey |
Michael Walsh (1934 - 30 September 2013) was an Irish hurler. At club level he played with Slieverue and Mount Sion and was an All-Ireland Championship winner with the Kilkenny senior hurling team before later lining out with the Waterford senior hurling team.
References
1934 births
2013 deaths
Slieverue hurlers
Mount Sion hurlers
Kilkenny inter-county hurlers
Waterford inter-county hurlers
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners |
Catherine Mahon (1869–1948), first women president of the Irish National Teachers' Organisation
Early life and teaching career
Catherine Mahon was born in Laccah, County Tipperary on 15 May 1869 to thirty seven year old labourer James Mahon and his nineteen year old shopkeeping wife Winifred Mahon (née O'Meara). She was the eldest of seven children. Her education was at Carrig national school before going to secondary school with the Sisters of Mercy in Birr where she then worked as a monitor from October 1884. At the time this was a way to gain a teacher qualification. She completed her training by correspondence and sat the final examination in 1890. She taught for a short time in Tulla Convent in County Clare. Most of her teaching life was spent in Tipperary – at Nenagh convent and as principal of Glenculloo. Mahon was principal from September 1891 to April 1892 in a small school with thirty pupils in Glenculloo before moving on to be principal of Carrig national school.
Irish National Teachers Organisation
Mahon was a member of both the Gaelic League and the Irish Women's Franchise League. While she was a non militant member she expressed support in The Irish Citizen. In 1906 Mahon began her involvement with the teachers trade union and joined the Birr Association and made a speech about equal pay at the Irish National Teachers Organisation annual congress. She then pointed out the lack of women on the INTO executive. Arguing the point she put herself forward for consideration for the position of Vice-President of the association in March 1907 and, although she wasn't elected, the question was so public that the INTO created new positions on the executive for women and offered one to Mahon.
In the first years of her involvement Mahon was successful in a number of her goals, she increased recruitment and prevented women teachers being forced to cover Laundry and Cookery as subjects. When the Birrell grant was adopted in the summer of 1908 Mahon pointed out that the principal of equal pay had been established, as the grant was distributed to all teachers. Thus she claimed the precedent was made.
In April 1911 she was elected to the position of Vice-President unopposed. That year her goal was to prevent teachers on maternity leave to be required to provide their substitute at their own expense. In 1912 Mahon was elected the first woman president of the INTO. Almost immediately there was a crisis with the dismissal of the vice president Edmond Mansfield and issues between the INTO and the board of education. Mahon was sent to London to request the chief secretary Augustine Birrell to hold an inquiry. Although the secretary was biased against her position, he admitted her statement presented the case well and the Dill commission was set up.
Mahon was re-elected in 1913 despite he usual one term assumption. The teachers’ paper, Irish School Weekly in 14 December 1912 claimed "the general who has in every encounter routed the enemy's cavalry, must be retained at the head of the forces." This allowed her to give evidence as president to the Dill Commission which went on to vindicate the teachers and recommend changes but refused to recommend the reinstatement of Mansfield. As a result, the following year she resigned from the executive. She stepped down Easter 1916. She was questioned for her vocal support of the Easter rising.
An issue which arose in her final year on the executive was the War bonus, which granted men double the pay of women. Mahon protested this and declared success in November 1916. In 1919 she criticized the Education bill by Ian MacPherson and called the INTO executive British apologists. She made similar accusations against INTO's president and the general secretary T. J. O'Connell. As a result in 1920 she was charged with libel. Mahon refused to accept the British court's jurisdiction but once she was silenced the INTO dropped the case. She stayed out of public life on a national level from then on.
Another woman was not elected to be president of the INTO until Kathleen Clarke in 1945.
Later life
Mahon was president of the Tipperary Cottage Tenants’ Association. She was also a member of Fianna Fáil from its foundation. She retired at the end of the school year in July 1934 and went on to be the first woman elected
to the county council in North Tipperary where she remained for three years before resigning. After that Mahon moved to Dublin where she lived with her mother and two widowed sisters in Balbriggan from 1937. There she was involved with the local Red Cross. It was there she died and was buried.
References and sources
1869 births
1948 deaths
20th-century Irish women
Irish trade union leaders
Women trade union leaders
Trade unionists from County Tipperary |
Lieutenant Colonel Saeed ul-Mulk Nawab Sir Muhammad Ahmad Said Khan, Nawab of Chhatari also generally referred to as Nawab of Chhatari (12 December 1888 – 1982) was Governor of the United Provinces, Chief Minister of United Provinces, President of the Executive Council of the Nizam of Hyderabad (i.e. Prime Minister of Hyderabad) and Chief Scout of India.
Early life and family
He was born in a Lalkhani family to Nawab Mohammad Abdul Ali Khan, the Nawab of Chhatari on 12 December 1888 in Chhatari, United Province of British India. He did his education from Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College of Aligarh. He was married to daughter of his own uncle Nawab Abdul Samad Khan Bahadur, the Nawab of Talibnagar. He had two sons, Rahat Saeed Khan and Farhat Sayeed Khan. The younger son, Farhat Sayeed Khan, was noted for his interest in Hindustani classical music and he studied music at the Sangeet Research Academy, Kolkata. The family moved to Pakistan shortly after the Partition of India, and the elder son (Rahat Saeed Chattari) became a Senator of the Pakistan National Senate.
Council to Government
From 17 May 1923 to 11 January 1926 the Nawab was a Minister in the Cabinet of the United Provinces, then in 1931 he returned as Minister of Agriculture there. Like other great Muslim zamindars, including the Raja of Salempur, was a trusted ally of the British administration of the United Provinces and was appointed acting Governor for some seven months, from April to November 1933. The Government of India Act 1935, formulated after a series of round table conferences, came into effect on 1 April 1937, and the Nawab of Chhatari, as leader of the National Agriculturist Parties, was invited to form a Cabinet, and was briefly chief minister during 1937. He soon stepped down to become Minister of Home Affairs in the United Provinces Government, with a salary of Rs. 2,500.
Nawab Chhatari attended the first Round Table Conference, held in St. James's Palace in London on 12 November 1930. The Muslim Delegation was led by the Aga Khan and others, including Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Sir Mohammad Shafi, Maulana Muhammad Ali, Dr Shafat Ali, Sir Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, the Nawab of Chhatari, and Fazlul Huq.
The Nawab of Chhatari was a member of India's National Defence Council from July to August 1941. He resigned from this to accept the post of President of the Hyderabad Executive Council, effectively Prime Minister of the important princely state of Hyderabad.
Disquiet with Jinnah
The Nawab of Chhatari attended the third open session of the All-India Muslim League, held in the Pandal at Lalbagh, Lucknow, on Sunday, 17 October 1936, with Jinnah presiding. The meeting was also attended by Maulana Shaukat Ali, Moulana Hasrat Mohani, Maulana Zafar Ali Khan, Dr Syed Husain, Raja Gazanfar Ali Khan, Khan Bahadur Kuli Khan, Fazlul Huq, Nawab Jamshed Ali Khan, and others.
Prime Minister of Hyderabad
Nawab of Chhatari was appointed President of the Executive Council of the Nizam of Hyderabad (i.e. Prime Minister of Hyderabad) in August 1941. He served on this post from September 1941 to 1 November 1947.
On 6 September 1941, Nizam of Hyderabad, praised Nawab of Chhatari as able administrator. In 1944 Nawab of Chhatari was granted the title of Saeed-ul-Mulk by H.E.H. The Nizam of Hyderabad. On 25 November 1945, Nawab of Chhatari laid the foundation stone of the Institution of Engineers (India), A.P. State Center (Visvesvarayya Bhavan).
In 1946 the Nizam of Hyderabad suggested to the Viceroy of India that the Nawab of Chhatari should be appointed Governor of the Central Provinces and Berar.
Chhatari delegation
On 11 July 1947, after the Nizam had seen the pending Indian Independence Bill, which did not offer the possibility of Dominion status to any of the princely states, an option he had pressed for, he decided to send a delegation to Delhi headed by the Nawab of Chhatari to meet the Viceroy, Lord Mountbatten of Burma. On 17 August 1947 the Nawab wrote to Mountbatten expressing the wish to enter into negotiations on the future of Hyderabad.
In August 1947 Sir Walter Monckton, a Constitutional advisor to the Nizam and the Nawab of Chhatari, tendered his resignation to the Nizam, prompted by an attack by Razakars and Ittehad-ul-Muslimeen, but the resignation was not accepted.
On 27 October 1947 Razakars and Ittehad-ul-Muslimeen staged a demonstration at the houses of the members of delegation, Monckton, the Nawab, and Sir Sultan Ahmed, making it impossible for them to leave for Delhi as intended. The discussions that followed bore no fruit, and on 1 November the Nawab of Chhatari, finding his position intolerable, resigned as President of the Executive Council. Monckton also insisted on resigning.
On 21 December 1947 Gandhi held talks with the Nawab of Chhatari, H. S. Suhrawardy, Brijlal Nehru, Rameshwari Nehru, Sheikh Abdullah, Begum Abdullah, Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew, Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad, the Prince of Kutch, the Maharaja of Bhavnagar, Anantrai Pattani and others.
In a radio speech on 23 September 1948, the Nizam said "In November last, a small group which had organized a quasi-military organization surrounded the homes of my Prime Minister, the Nawab of Chhatari, in whose wisdom I had complete confidence, and of Sir Walter Monkton, my constitutional Adviser, by duress compelled the Nawab and other trusted ministers to resign, and forced the Laik Ali Ministry on me. This group headed by Kasim Razvi had no stake in the country or any record of service behind it. By methods reminiscent of Hitlerite Germany it took possession of the State, spread terror ... and rendered me completely helpless."
Public life
He served as Chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University from December 1965 to 6 January 1982 and as Chief Scout of the All India Boy Scouts Association from 1955 to 1982.
Time line
Autobiography
Yad-e-Ayyam (1949) is the autobiography of Nawab of Chhatari Muhammad Ahmad Said Khan. In this book, the writer has given glimpses of his life and experiences in a direct and artless manner.
See also
Lalkhani
List of governors of the United Provinces
References
External links
Karwaan-e-Aligarh : Nawab Chattari
List of Governors of Uttar Pradesh
Text of Memorandum submitted by 14 Muslim leaders of India to Dr Frank P. Graham, United Nations Representative 14 August 1951
Text of Memorandum Submitted by Muslim leaders of India to Dr Frank P. Graham
1888 births
1982 deaths
People from Aligarh
Governors of Uttar Pradesh
Indian Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire
Knights Commander of the Order of the Star of India
Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire
Indian knights
Scouting and Guiding in India
Place of death missing
Administrators in the princely states of India
Indian royalty
20th-century Indian Muslims
Uttar Pradesh politicians
Aligarh Muslim University people
Aligarh Muslim University alumni
Prime Ministers of Hyderabad State |
This is a list of awards and nominations received by Teen Top, a South Korean boy band formed in 2010 by TOP Media.
Mnet Asian Music Awards
Seoul Music Awards
Golden Disk Awards
Melon Music Awards
Other awards and honors
References
Teen Top
Awards |
Eagle Creek is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The watershed of Eagle Creek is within the semi-arid Palliser's Triangle and is the major drainage system in mid-western Saskatchewan between the South and North Saskatchewan Rivers. Eagle Creek begins at the eastern end of Eaglehill Lake and travels through a glacier-cut valley in the moist, mixed grasslands ecozone of Canada en route to the North Saskatchewan River. The North Saskatchewan River merges with the South Saskatchewan River farther downstream to become the Saskatchewan River.
There are three communities, one regional park, and several highways along the river's course. The communities include Stranraer, Herschel, and Anglia. Highways 51, 31, 4, and 14 are significant highways that cross the river.
Description
For much of Eagle Creek's course, it follows a meltwater channel that was formed near the end of the last ice age. Both this channel and the North Saskatchewan River meltwater channel to the north were important in draining the land to the west – present-day Alberta. As the glaciers were receding, several large proglacial lakes were formed near Eagle Creek, including Glacial Lake Red Willow to the north-west, Glacial Lake Unity directly north, and to the east, Glacial Lake Saskatchewan. These lakes and meltwater channels also left large volumes of glaciolacustrine deposits behind. By about 10,000 BC, the course of Eagle Creek had become ice-free and by about 7000 BC, the drainage basin and Geomorphology began to resemble that of present-day.
At the southern most point of Eagle Creek is the Stranraer Terrace. The northern slopes of the Stranraer Terrace, which rises above the surrounding terrain, flow into the river. The terrace is considered to be the northern extreme limit of the Missouri Coteau.
Course
Eagle Creek begins at the eastern end of a small (), narrow lake called Eaglehill Lake in the RM of Tramping Lake No. 380. The river's course from beginning to end has a "U" shape to it. From Eagle Hill Lake, the river flows into the valley formed from glacial meltwaters and meanders southward where it widens to form Tramping Lake. Tramping Lake, at , is a long, shallow, and narrow lake that snakes along the valley floor. From the southern end of Tramping Lake, Eagle Creek carries on southward and flows into the 1383-hectare, man-made Opuntia Lake. From the Opuntia Lake, the river heads south-east towards the Stranraer Terrace and the communities of Stranraer, Herschel, and Rosetown. At Herschel, there's the Ancient Echoes Interpretive Centre and a buffalo jump at Coal Mine Creek coulee. After Rosetown, Eagle Creek heads east and flows out of the valley and into the flatter prairie. From there, the river re-enters a valley and begins its northward journey towards the North Saskatchewan River.
Along the river's course, in the RM of Harris No. 316, is Eagle Creek Cement Bridge. It was built in 1925 and is on the Canadian Register of Historic Places. The bridge is a reinforced concrete, double-span bowstring bridge, one of nearly 90 such bridges constructed on the 1920s and 1930s in southern Saskatchewan.
Eagle Creek Regional Park
Eagle Creek Regional Park () is a regional park along the course of Eagle Creek in the RM of Eagle Creek, north-west of Asquith. It was founded in 1963 and refurbished in 1985. In 1994, a local bridge was moved to the park to cross the river and, in 2004, a church was moved to the park from Kinley. A hall with a full kitchen and deck for entertainment was also moved to the park. Other facilities include a campground, trout pond, golf course, mini golf, disk golf, ball diamonds, and three hiking trails. Access to the park is from Highway 376.
The campground has 67 electrical sites and 22 non-serviced and tenting areas. Potable water, washrooms, and showers are available at the campground.
The man-made trout pond is stocked and has a dock for fishing. Fishing in the river is also permitted.
The 9-hole golf course has artificial greens and is a par 35 with 2,295 total yards.
See also
List of rivers of Saskatchewan
Hudson Bay drainage basin
Tourism in Saskatchewan
References
External links
Rivers of Saskatchewan
Tributaries of Hudson Bay
Eagle Creek No. 376, Saskatchewan
Tramping Lake No. 380, Saskatchewan
Harris No. 316, Saskatchewan
North Saskatchewan River |
Rabbi Moses Josef Rubin (1892–1980) was leading rabbinic figure in Romania and later in the United States (New York City), a scion of the Kosov-Seret dynasty.
Biography
Moses Josef Rubin was born in 1892 in the town of Wola Michowa in the Galicia region of Poland.
His father was Rabbi Mendel Rubin, who later became the Chassidic Rebbe in Siret, Bukovina. His mother was Beila Rubin née Horowitz.
When Moses Josef was a toddler he and his family moved from Galicia to Siret in the Bukovina where his father's family resided.
During his youth, Moses Josef was Rabbinically ordained by the leading Halachik figures of his time such as Rabbi Chaim Tzvi Teitelbaum of Sighet and Rabbi Yehuda Leib Tsirelson of Kishinev among others,
In 1921 he married Sarah Farkas. They had two sons; Dr. Samuel S. Rubin and Dr. Jacob K. Rubin.
During the years 1922–1940, he served as Chief Rabbi of the Jewish-Romanian community in Câmpulung Moldovenesc, Bukovina. From 1941 until 1946 he served as President of the Rabbinical Council of Romania and Chairman of Agudath Israel in Romania.
In 1940, on Yom Kippur (the Day of Atonement, October 12), all Jewish homes in Câmpulung were plundered, and the Jews were assaulted by the pro-Nazi Iron Guard (see Romania during World War II). The valuable library of Rabbi Rubin was destroyed; he was mistreated and was given a document to sign which stated that he had hidden dynamite in the synagogue to be used in acts of sabotage. Because he refused to sign this document, he and his son were harnessed to a cart loaded with stolen goods, and driven at revolver point while being beaten and humiliated. After the incident, the Rabbi and his family escaped to Bucharest.
During World War II, Rubin founded the first Vaad Hatzalah (emergency committee) in Bucharest, in order to aid Jewish people deported to the Transnistria concentration camps.
After the war, Rabbi Rubin emigrated to the United States where he founded the Center for European Rabbis, whose aims included distributing post-war reparations for European Rabbis who had lost their communities and source for income, as well as the Geder Avos project to prevent the destruction of Jewish cemeteries in Europe. More than four decades after Rabbi Rubin's passing the activities of Geder Avos continue, working in close cooperation with the Israel-based "Oholei Zadikim" run by Rabbi Israel Meir Gabay. , and separately with the German based ESJF European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative.
From 1962 until his passing in 1980, Rabbi Rubin served as the head of the Rabbinical court of Borough Park, Brooklyn.
1892 births
1980 deaths
Romanian Orthodox rabbis
Romanian people of World War II
American Hasidic rabbis
Hasidic rabbis in Europe
20th-century Romanian rabbis
20th-century American rabbis |
Sir Richard de Southchurch (Suthchirche, Suthcherch) (died 1294) was a knight and part of the landowning aristocracy of Essex in the thirteenth century. He was High Sheriff of Essex and of Hertfordshire in the years 1265–67, and as such became involved in the Second Barons' War (1264–1267). Southchurch has earned a special place in the historiography of the period due to an episode during the war where he allegedly planned to attack London with incendiary cocks.
Biography
Little is known of Southchurch's background, but his family came from the manor of Southchurch, now part of Southend-on-Sea. Richard de Southchurch held this manor of the Prior and Convent of Christ's Church, Canterbury. He also held other land in the county of Essex, including Prittlewell, which he held in fee of the king. He served as sheriff of the combined shrievalties of Essex and Hertfordshire from 27 October 1265 to 12 June 1267. In 1279, he received a pardon and was acquitted of a fine of 100 shilling for being present at the theft of a hart at the king's forest of Chelmsford. In 1289 he was also acquitted of the great sum of 1000 pounds for perjury, in return for releasing the manor of Hatfield Peverel to the king. Southchurch was dead by 2 April 1294, when the escheator was ordered to deliver his lands to his son and heir, Peter de Southchurch.
Involvement in Barons' War
In the mid-1260s, England found herself in a state of civil war between king Henry III and members of his aristocracy, a conflict known as the Second Barons' War. In April 1267, Gilbert de Clare entered London with the baronial forces. The city welcomed him, and king Henry III had to set up camp at Stratford, besieging the capital. Orders were sent out to the sheriffs of Kent and Essex to procure supplies for the royal army. It was in this situation that Southchurch, in his capacity as sheriff, levied requisitions on Chafford Hundred of;
...oats and wheat, of bacon, beef, cheese and pease, 'pur sustenir le ost au Rey'; of chickens to feed the wounded and tow and eggs to make dressings for their wounds and linen for bandages, of chord to make ropes for the catapults, of picks and calthrops and spades to lay low the walls of London, and finally of cocks, forty and more, to whose feet he declared he would tie fire, and send them flying into London to burn it down.
The story survives through the Hundred Rolls, the great survey of the English hundreds made by Edward I, in 1274-5, on returning to his new kingdom from crusade. The scheme, impractical as it might seem, was supposedly based on contemporary sagas of Viking heroes. But the complaints of the local community were based on the fact that Southchurch had taken all the supplies home to his own manor of Southchurch, received 200 marks from the exchequer, yet never paid out any of what the owners of the goods were entitled to.
Historical transmission
The account of Southchurch's provisioning was first made available to a wider audience through the writings of the English historian Helen Cam. Cam was responsible for groundbreaking work on the Hundred Rolls, and their relevance to English local government, through her Studies in the Hundred Rolls (1921) and The Hundred and the Hundred Rolls (1930). In both of these she made mention of what she calls '...the most picturesque series of extortions recorded in the Essex returns.' It was, however, in a paper published in the English Historical Review as early as 1916 that she gave the most detailed account of Southchurch's plot. Here she traced the dissemination of the Viking legend through Geoffrey of Monmouth, and speculated that Southchurch could have been acquainted with a later version by Gaimar, Wace or Layamon, or through a local, popular legend.
The story was later retold by Sir Maurice Powicke in his King Henry III and the Lord Edward (1947). Yet even though both Cam and Powicke had included the tale as a humorous anecdote, it was not until Michael Prestwich wrote his monograph of Edward I in 1988 that anyone considered the possibility that the story of the incendiary roosters was simply a 'confidence trick' on Southchurch's part. Powicke, in Prestwich's words; 'is to be counted among those who fell for the sheriff's ruse.'
See also
Olga of Kiev
Notes
References
People of the Barons' Wars
13th-century births
1294 deaths
13th-century English people
Medieval English knights
High Sheriffs of Essex
High Sheriffs of Hertfordshire
People from Southend-on-Sea |
Tharaka Mal () is a 2007 Sri Lankan Sinhala romantic drama film directed by Milton Jayawardena and produced by Soma Edirisinghe for EAP Films. It stars Roshan Ranawana and Nadeesha Hemamali in lead roles along with Anarkali Akarsha and Nalin Pradeep Udawela. Music composed by Charudaththa Ilangasinghe. It is the 1088th Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema.
Plot
Cast
Roshan Ranawana as Mahasen
Nadeesha Hemamali as Madhavi
Anarkali Akarsha as Suranya
Nalin Pradeep Udawela as Kumaran
Pubudu Chathuranga as Parthipan
Muthu Tharanga as Parvathi
Pradeep Senanayake as Robert Meewella
Nimal Anthony as Navaratne Bandara
Hyacinth Wijeratne as Agnes
Sulakkana Mihiripenna
Nelum Perera
Janaka Ranasinghe as Siridasa
Udaya Shantha
References
2007 films
2000s Sinhala-language films
2007 romantic drama films
Sri Lankan romantic drama films |
WXXD-LP (92.9 FM) was a radio station licensed to serve Beloit, Wisconsin, United States. The station's license was cancelled on September 18, 2013, after having been silent for longer than a year. The station's broadcast license was held by the St. Jerome Educational Association and it aired a Roman Catholic radio format.
The station was assigned the call sign WXXD-LP by the Federal Communications Commission on July 6, 2006.
References
External links
Defunct radio stations in the United States
Radio stations disestablished in 2013
Radio stations established in 2008
Beloit, Wisconsin
XXD-LP
XXD-LP
Defunct religious radio stations in the United States
2008 establishments in Wisconsin
2013 disestablishments in Wisconsin
XXD-LP |
Fahad Al-Salik Belal (born April 30, 1991, in Medina, Saudi Arabia) is a Saudi Arabian professional basketball player. He currently plays for Uhud Medina of the Saudi Premier League.
He was a member of Saudi Arabia's national basketball team at the 2014 Asian Games in Incheon, South Korea. He was the match winner at Saudi Arabia's victory against India, where he scored a team high 17 points.
External links
Asia-basket.com Profile
Real GM Profile
FIBA Profile
References
1991 births
Living people
Saudi Arabian men's basketball players
Point guards
Sportspeople from Medina
Basketball players at the 2014 Asian Games
Asian Games competitors for Saudi Arabia
21st-century Saudi Arabian people
Basketball players at the 2022 Asian Games |
Linda Sue Fratianne (born August 2, 1960) is an American former figure skater known for winning two world-championship titles (1977, 1979), four consecutive U.S. championships (1977–1980) and a silver medal in the 1980 Winter Olympics.
Career
Throughout her figure-skating career, Fratianne was coached by Frank Carroll.
Fratianne became the first female skater to land two different types of triple jumps (toe loop and Salchow) in her free-skating programs in 1976 at the U.S. National Championships, finishing in second place. The next year, Fratianne won the gold medal.
At the World Figure Skating Championships in Tokyo in 1977, Fratianne won her first world title by upsetting the favorite, Anett Pötzsch of East Germany, despite having fallen following a triple-Salchow jump in her free-skating routine.
In 1979, Fratianne regained her world title, which she had lost to Pötzsch in 1978 in Ottawa, Canada.
Fratianne's chief rivals were Pötzsch (East Germany), Emi Watanabe (Japan) and Dagmar Lurz (West Germany). Her compulsory figures were considered to be significantly weaker than her free skating; consequently, she frequently placed well below Pötzsch and Lurz in the compulsories and compensated with strong short and free programs. In the short and free programs, Fratianne never placed lower than Pötzsch or Lurz between 1977 and 1980 in any competition. However, as the rules at the time placed much weight on compulsory figures, she only won a major title twice.
At the 1980 Winter Olympics, Fratianne placed third in the compulsory figures, first in the short program, and second in the free skate to place second overall, while Pötzsch took the gold with first in figures, fourth in the short program and third in the free skate. There have been persistent allegations that Fratianne was robbed of the gold medal by a conspiracy among Eastern-bloc judges, but in fact only two of the nine judges on the panel were from Eastern-bloc countries, and only the judges from Japan and the U.S. placed Fratianne first. All others placed Pötzsch first, mainly because of her substantial lead in the compulsory figures.
After the 1980 Winter Games, Fratianne turned professional and, at the 1980 World Figure Skating Championships, won the bronze medal behind Anett Pötzsch and Dagmar Lurz from West Germany.
In 1981, the scoring system used in figure skating was modified to combine the results of the compulsory figures, short program and free skating by adding placements instead of employing raw scores. This lessened the capability of skaters to accumulate large leads in the compulsory figures.
After the 1980 season, Fratianne retired from competitive skating and performed in touring shows, including ten years as a lead skater of Disney on Ice. In 1993, she was inducted into the United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame.
Fratianne was known for "cementing the importance of triple jumps in [women's] skating." She also popularized simple but elaborate ornamentation and the use of sequins on skating costumes.
Personal life
Fratianne was married to ski racer Nick Maricich.
Results
References
External links
Linda Fratianne. IMDb
Fratianne-Poetzsch: Clearing the Record
Detailed results from the 1980 Olympics
1960 births
American female single skaters
American people of Italian descent
Figure skaters at the 1976 Winter Olympics
Figure skaters at the 1980 Winter Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in figure skating
Living people
Olympic medalists in figure skating
World Figure Skating Championships medalists
Medalists at the 1980 Winter Olympics
21st-century American women |
Göçük is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Gazipaşa, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 499 (2022).
References
Neighbourhoods in Gazipaşa District |
Favières () is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.
See also
Communes of the Meurthe-et-Moselle department
References
Communes of Meurthe-et-Moselle |
KREH (branded as Radio Saigon Houston) is a Vietnamese language AM radio station, licensed to Pecan Grove, Texas, United States. KREH's studios are in Little Saigon and in the International District in Houston, Texas. It broadcasts on the frequency of 900 kHz and operates from sunrise to sunset under ownership of Bustos Media. It is one of only two Asian stations serving the Greater Houston area.
KREH has been operating in the Houston area since 1999; it was moved there from Oakdale, Louisiana, where it was established in 1953.
History
In Oakdale, Louisiana
The Louisiana Broadcasting Service, owned by Cyril W. Reddoch, Klein Evans and Ralph Hooks, obtained a construction permit to build a new 250-watt, daytime-only radio station in Oakdale, Louisiana, on October 23, 1952. The station took the call letters KREH and signed on January 31, 1953, from its studios and transmitter east of town on the highway to Ville Platte. Evans, who had been a soldier stationed at Fort Bliss, died after he got lost flying home to De Ridder and crashed near New Waverly, Texas in August 1953. Reddoch absorbed Evans's ownership stake, and Reddoch and Hooks became the owners of Louisiana Broadcasting Service, joined in 1958 by C. Winsett Reddoch; the Reddochs became the sole owners in 1970.
KREH was joined by an FM station, KCWR at 104.9 MHz, in 1972; by this time, KREH was a country music outlet affiliated with the ABC Entertainment network. The stations remained in these formats through their sale to George Mowad, a physician and the mayor of Oakdale, for $400,000 in 1981. Under Mowad, the interim station manager was Donald R. Lindig, a white man married to a Black woman. This led to harassment by the local Ku Klux Klan, whose leader, Oddist J. Lambright, was charged with conspiring to interfere with his rights by distributing flyers containing racial slurs and urging a boycott of the station by local businesses; Lambright and two others in Klan robes went to Lindig's apartment to encourage his family to leave town.
On October 16, 1982, Mowad carried out a format overhaul. KCWR, until then a contemporary outlet, flipped to country as KGBM-FM, and KREH became a Southern gospel outlet. Two years later, both stations were sold to Strother Broadcasting Company of Louisiana for $350,000. KREH and KGBM-FM became KICR-AM-FM after the sale.
In 1988, the FCC approved a frequency change to 98.7 MHz and class increase for KICR-FM. The upgrade would allow the FM station to enter the Alexandria radio market. At the same time, both stations were sold to Bob Holladay and his B & D Communications for nearly $500,000. When the FM frequency change took place in 1990, the country format that had been on FM moved to the AM frequency. The move-in of KICR-FM to the Alexandria market also meant that all station operations relocated there. By 1993, the AM station was silent, and the station no longer maintained a presence in Oakdale. That year, B & D offered to donate the AM license to the West Missionary Baptist Church. However, there were technical obstacles, chief among them the removal of the station's tower due to its proximity to a new heliport at the local hospital. The donation was made later in 1993.
The new ownership, led by Carol Skaggs, set out to restore local radio service to Oakdale. Reclaiming the prior KREH call letters, the station built a new tower and returned to the air on October 12, 1994. One of its programs was a weekly swamp pop show hosted by Tommy McLain.
Moving to Houston
However, the local radio station would not last very long. In 1997, Skaggs filed to sell KREH to Jeffrey Eustis for $30,000. After the sale, the former studios were used as a recording studio, where McLain cut one of his albums.
That August, Eustis filed to move KREH from Oakdale to Pecan Grove, Texas, west of Houston, where the station would broadcast with 2,500 watts in the daytime and 100 watts at night. Eustis then sold the station two years later, before completion of the Pecan Grove facility, to Bustos Media for $750,000.
KREH launched from Pecan Grove in November 1999 and immediately began airing the brokered Vietnamese-language programming which it has aired since, which had previously been broadcast on KENR (1070 AM). Radio Saigon Houston, which is co-owned by Dương Phục and Vũ Thanh Thủy, started at the same time with five employees, growing to over 80 contributing hosts and 35 employees by 2007. Growth of the station also prompted the station to move from its original Southwest Freeway studios to a new, custom-built facility on Bellaire Boulevard. The Houston Chronicle cited the station as a factor in the migration of Vietnamese to Houston from the West Coast.
Programming
Radio Saigon Houston produces a wide variety of Vietnamese-language programs, some of which are aired by other stations across the United States. Several programs are bilingual to attract younger audiences who prefer English and are less likely to listen to the station.
See also
History of Vietnamese Americans in Houston
References
External links
Radio Saigon Houston official website
1953 establishments in Louisiana
Asian-American culture in Houston
Radio stations established in 1953
REH
Vietnamese-American culture in Texas
REH |
Harold Claude Case (1902 – February 20, 1972) was an American academic administrator and Methodist preacher. He served as president of Boston University from 1951 to 1967 and was later named acting president of Whittier College.
Biography
Born in Cottonwood Falls, Kansas, Case earned degrees from Baker University and the Boston University School of Theology. He also studied at Northwestern University and Harvard University. After his ordination, he led congregations in Glencoe, Illinois, Pasadena, California, Topeka, Kansas, and Scranton, Pennsylvania. Case was named Boston University president on January 16, 1951, and inaugurated on June 3. During his sixteen years in office, dorms were expanded in West Campus. Other construction projects included the building of the Warren Towers, the BU Law Tower, the George Sherman Union, the Mugar Memorial Library, and the Boston Medical Center. In total, Case oversaw the construction of 68 buildings. Along with a desire to transform Boston University into a leading research institution, Case further changed campus culture from one that primarily attracted male, commuter students, to one that became more gender-integrated and residential. Boston University established the Harold C. Case Scholarship in his honor upon Case's retirement in 1967. Case Gym, constructed in 1972, was named in his honor. In 1970, Case was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) degree from Whittier College.
After a one-year stint at Whittier College, Case traveled to Africa and Asia, giving talks on educational problems facing new schools. He died at his home in Annisquam, Massachusetts on February 20, 1972, aged 69.
Case was married to Phyllis Kirk, with whom he had two children, Harold Robert and Rosanna Case.
References
External links
1902 births
1972 deaths
People from Cottonwood Falls, Kansas
Presidents of Boston University
Whittier College faculty
Baker University alumni
Boston University School of Theology alumni
Northwestern University alumni
Harvard University alumni
American Methodist clergy
People from Gloucester, Massachusetts
Presidents of Whittier College
20th-century American clergy
20th-century American academics |
Nao Watanabe (渡邊奈央) is a Japanese singer signed with Domo Records.
Life
Nao Watanabe's musical influence was provided by her mother, who loves music. Watanabe began taking classical piano lessons when she was five and began giving live performances when she was 18 years old.
Her song "Invoice" reached the top 10 in the Independent Chart of a cable broadcasting in Japan.
Influences
Watanabe's met her favorite musician, Kitaro, when she was performing at the live house in Tokyo. Later, she was offered a contract with Domo Records.
In 2005, she recorded her new album in Los Angeles.
Discography
International album
Nao Watanabe
Japanese album
SACHI
External links
Nao Watanabe: Official web site (Japanese)
Nao Watanabe Official MySpace (Japanese)
Domo Music Group - Nao Watanabe's Record Company
Japanese women pop singers
Living people
21st-century pianists
21st-century Japanese women musicians
Year of birth missing (living people)
Domo Records artists
21st-century women pianists |
Halyna Petrosanyak (; born 1969) is a Ukrainian poet, writer and translator.
Life
Halyna Petrosanyak was born in 1969 in a remote village in the Ukrainian Carpathians. She graduated in German and Russian studies from Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University.
Petrosanyak was among the authors linked to the group known as the Stanislav phenomenon. She debuted in 1996 with her poetry book Парк на схилі ("Park on the hill"). A poem from the publication was awarded with the Bu-Ba-Bu "Best Poem of the Year" award. Petrosanyak is also the laureate of Hubert-Burda-Preis für junge Lyrik (2007) and the Ivan Franko Prize (2010). Her works have appeared in various literary magazines and almanacs and have been translated into several languages, including English, German, Polish, Russian, Czech and Italian.
Petrosanyak works as a translator from Czech and German into Ukrainian. She has translated, among others, the autobiographies of Alexander Granach and Soma Morgenstern.
In 2021, the author's first novel "Villa Anemona" was published in Ukrainian. Also in 2021, the Ukrainian translation of the novel "Next Year in Jerusalem" by Andrè Kaminski was published.
In 2022, the essay collection "Our Neighbour Albert Hoffmann" was published in Ukrainian. Furthermore, the Ukrainian translation of the Sonnets to Orpheus by Rainer Maria Rilke was published in the same year. Also, the poetry collection "Exophonies" was published in 2022 with a foreword by Ruth Schweikert. In the same year, the author attained membership in the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts and was awarded the Literature Prize of the Kunststiftung NRW-Straelen.
Publications
Poetry
Парк на схилі (“Park on the hill”), 1996
Світло окраїн (“Light of outskirts”), 2000
Спокуса говорити, 2008
Екзофонія (“Exophonium”), 2019
Exophonien. Im Rhythmus der Landschaft ("Exophonies. In the Rhythm of the Landscape"), 2022
Other
Політ на повітряній кулі, 2015 – essays and poetry
Не заважай мені рятувати світ (“Don’t hinder me to save the world”), 2019 – short stories
References
Ukrainian translators
Ukrainian women poets
21st-century Ukrainian women writers
1969 births
Living people |
The men's 500 meter at the 2014 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships took place in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice skating rink on Friday 25 October 2013. It consisted of twice 500 meter where the speed skaters started once in the inner and once in the outer lane. Although this tournament was held in 2013 it was part of the speed skating season 2013–2014. There were 24 participants.
Statistics
Result
Source:
Draw 1st 500 meter
Draw 2nd 500 meter
References
Single Distance Championships
2014 Single Distance |
Bascharage (; ; ) is a town and a former commune in south-western Luxembourg. Since 2012, it is part of the commune of Käerjeng.
History
Bascharage with the other towns like Linger, Hautcharage, and Pétange were owned by the "Hoheit Kerschen". The first known reference to them was on April 4, 1281, for obtaining their freedom under the law of Beamont "Freiheitsbrief nach Böhmerrecht". The freedom of Clemency probably happened in 1260.
After the occupation of France (1794 – 1815), the "Hoheit Kerschen" changed in "municipalité cantonale Bascharage" with the townships of Bascharage, Clemency, Mamer, Garnich, and Dippach. This township came out in 1799 as the "Mairie de Bascharage" with the towns of Bascharage, Hautchaurage, and Linger. Their first mayor was Pierre Clemont in 1800. The first mayor of Clemency was Pierre Decker (until 1830).
Geologically, Bascharage does not belong to the Minette ore region. However, the area has a historical and sometimes tense relationship with the iron industry. The steel crisis of the 1970s was responsible for the loss of many jobs.
Even so, the town has known regular development with the arrival of enterprises like General Motors and Luxguard. In Bascharage is also the headquarters of the nation's largest brewery, Brasserie Nationale, brewers of Bofferding beer.
The old township Bascharage
Until 2012, Bascharage was in a separate commune similarly named Bascharage. But on 1 January 2012, the Commune of Bascharage was merged with the Commune of Clemency with the combined township being named the Commune of Käerjeng. The law creating Käerjeng was passed on 24 May 2011.
Former commune
The former commune consisted of the villages:
Bascharage
Hautcharage
Linger
Amorial Bearings
The arms were conferred on the town by Grand Ducal decree of 21 July 1969.
Mayors since 1858
Jean Nicolas Schumacher
Pierre Schütz
Jules Hemmer
Jean Peschong
Théophile Aubart
Nicolas Meyers
Robert Steichen
Marcel Gillen
André Siebenbour
Joseph Thill
Jean Christophe
Jeannot Halsdorf
Michel Wolter
Geography
Bascharage is crossed by the Chiers, which is fed by the Mierbech.
Gemeng Käerjeng (commune of Käerjeng)
Bascharage is now part of the commune of Käerjeng (in Luxembourgish Gemeng Käerjeng), one of the 106 communes in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and situated in the south-west of the country in the canton of Capellen.
Before 2012, Bascharage was part of the similarly named Commune of Bacharage. But on 1 January 2012, the Commune of Bacharage was merged with Commune of the Commune of Clemency with the two former communes now forming the merged new commune of Käerjeng. The law creating Käerjeng as a commune was passed on 24 May 2011.
Economy
Bascharage is home to Brasserie Nationale and its predecessor, Brasserie Bofferding, brewers of Bofferding blond beer. An industrial zone was also born around 30 years ago which, today, regroups local and regional companies from big subsidiaries such as General Motors, Luxguard, and Delphi Corporation.
Sports
UN Käerjéng 97 (football)
HBC Bascharage (handball)
Bascharage Hedgehogs (basketball)
Notable residents
Claus Cito (1882–1965), sculptor of the Gëlle Fra war memorial, born in Bascharage
References
Former communes of Luxembourg
Towns in Luxembourg |
Teclaiidae is a family of cnidarians belonging to the order Leptothecata.
Genera:
Parateclaia Bouillon, Pagès, Gili, Palanques, Puig & Heussner, 2000
Teclaia Gili, Bouillon, Pages, Palanques & Puig, 1999
References
Leptothecata
Cnidarian families |
Lieutenant General John Murray Sanderson, (born 4 November 1940) is a retired senior Australian Army officer and vice-regal representative. He served as Force Commander of the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia from 1992 to 1993, Chief of Army from 1995 to 1998, and was the 29th Governor of Western Australia from 2000 to 2005.
Early life
Born in Geraldton, Western Australia on 4 November 1940, John Sanderson completed his secondary education at Bunbury High School in 1957 before entering the Royal Military College, Duntroon in 1958. He graduated in 1961 and was commissioned into the Royal Australian Engineers in December 1961.
Military career
After completing a Fellowship Diploma in civil engineering at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Sanderson had a series of regimental postings. These included second in command of the 10th Field Squadron and troop commander and construction officer of the 21st Construction Squadron on operational service in Sabah, Malaysia. He was promoted to captain in 1965.
Following eighteen months as a staff officer in the Office of the Engineer in Chief, he was posted as the exchange instructor at the Royal School of Military Engineering in Chattenden, United Kingdom from 1967 to 1969. He returned to Australia to command the 23rd Construction Squadron at Holsworthy Barracks, prior to taking up command of the 17th Construction Squadron in South Vietnam at the end of 1970.
Returning to Australia in late 1971, he was the senior instructor at the School of Military Engineering throughout 1972 before attending the Army Command and Staff College at Fort Queenscliff in 1973.
Sanderson was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1975 after serving for a short period as a Staff Officer at the Headquarters of Field Force Command. His initial appointment as Staff Officer Grade 1 at the Directorate of Engineers was followed by two years (1976–1978) as the Exchange Instructor at the British Army's Staff College, Camberley.
Sanderson commanded the 1st Field Engineer Regiment from 1979 to 1980, and then attended the Joint Services Command and Staff College in 1981. Sanderson was appointed as the military assistant to the Chief of the General Staff in late 1981, serving in that capacity until being promoted to colonel as director of army plans in 1983.
From June 1985 to the middle of 1986, he attended the U.S. Army War College, returning to Australia with the rank of brigadier. After a six-month period as chairman of the Army Reserve Review Committee, he assumed command of the 1st Brigade at Holsworthy.
Sanderson served as chief of staff, land command, for a brief period in 1989 and was then promoted to major general and appointed as assistant chief of defence policy. In this role he was tasked to develop and carry out major reforms to the Higher Australian Defence Force Staff, which resulted in him becoming the first assistant chief of defence force development at the end of 1989.
From October 1991, Sanderson became engaged directly in the United Nations process to bring peace to Cambodia, first as adviser to the Secretary General of the United Nations, and then from March 1992, in the rank of lieutenant general, as the commander of the 16,000-strong international military component of the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC).
After the successful completion of the UN mission in October 1993, Sanderson returned to Australia to be appointed as the first commander, Joint Forces Australia, (now Chief of Joint Operations), and developed this role until becoming Chief of the General Staff in June 1995. This position was renamed to Chief of Army in 1997, and Sanderson continued in this position until his retirement from the army on 23 June 1998.
Governor of Western Australia
On 18 August 2000, Sanderson was sworn in as 29th governor of Western Australia.
Sanderson retired as Governor of Western Australia in June 2005 after his term of office expired, but agreed to stay on until 31 October 2005 to assist with the transition to the new governor. His successor, Ken Michael, was sworn in on 18 January 2006.
Publications
1999 "Australia's role in Asia"
1999 "International humanitarian law and the Balkans : the dilemma of a superpower"
2005 "Ride the whirlpool : selected speeches of Lieutenant General John Sanderson AC Governor of Western Australia 2000–2005", University of Western Australia Press. (Table of Contents, Catalogue entries: NLA)
2009 "The reconciliation journey"
Honours and awards
References
External links
Swearing In Ceremony – Address in Reply (John Sanderson), Governor of Western Australia
Portrait, 1989-04-18, Major General John Sanderson, Assistant Chief of Defence Force Policy. (Copyright, Australian War Memorial)
Timeline, Lieutenant General John Murray Sanderson, AC. (Copyright, Australian War Memorial)
2005 portrait by Heide Smith
|-
1940 births
Academics of the Staff College, Camberley
United States Army War College alumni
Australian generals
Military personnel from Western Australia
Australian military personnel of the Malayan Emergency
Australian military personnel of the Vietnam War
Commanders of the Legion of Merit
Companions of the Order of Australia
Governors of Western Australia
Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Cambodia
Living people
People from Geraldton
Recipients of the Meritorious Unit Citation
Royal Military College, Duntroon graduates
Australian military engineers
Chiefs of Army (Australia) |
Richard Huck-Saunders (1720–1785) was an English physician, for most of his life known as Richard Huck.
Early life
He was born in Westmoreland in 1720 to parents were named Huck, and educated at the grammar school of Croughland in Cumberland. After a five years' apprenticeship with a surgeon at Penrith named Neal, he entered as a student at St Thomas's Hospital, London, where he was a pupil of John Girle.
In 1745 Huck entered the army, and was appointed surgeon to the 25th Regiment of Foot, the regiment of Hugh Sempill, 12th Lord Sempill. He was present at the Battle of Culloden, and served until the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle of 1748 ended the War of Austrian Succession.
Huck returned to Penrith, and in 1749 received the degree of M.D. from Marischal College, Aberdeen. In 1750 he was appointed surgeon to the 33rd Regiment of Foot; he joined it at Minorca, and remained there three years. From 1753 to 1755 he was quartered with his regiment at Edinburgh, and attended medical classes at the university.
Seven Years' War in British America
Huck next went to America under John Campbell, 4th Earl of Loudoun, by whom he was promoted to the rank of physician to the army. In that capacity he served during the Seven Years' War. In 1757–8 John Forbes was his patient. After that, his medical superior James Napier assigned him to the army of James Abercrombie. Following the successful Siege of Havana, in 1762, Huck returned to England.
Continental tour and fever doctor
In poor health, Huck made a continental tour, journeying through France, Germany, and Italy. In 1763 he was in Vienna, visiting the hospitals and meeting Anton de Haen. At this period he corresponded with Sir John Pringle, who later commented on Huck's treatment of fever, preliminary to administration of Chinchona bark, as recorded by Donald Monro. Along with Pringle and other physicians, Huck recommended bleeding for dysentery.
Later life
Huck settled in Spring Gardens, London, as a physician, and was admitted a licentiate of the College of Physicians of London on 1 April 1765. From 1767 he owned a share in Lot 53, Prince Edward Island.
In London Huck associated with Thomas Denman and Benjamin Rush. John Morgan was a friend. He knew Benjamin Franklin, who mentioned him in a 1773 letter to Jan Ingenhousz. In 1767 he was one of the reforming group in the College of Physicians, of which he could not become a Fellow since he held no Oxbridge degree. With others including John Fothergill they founded a schismatic Society of Collegiate Physicians.
Huck was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1768; and of the College of Surgeons, de speciali gratia (by grace or favour), in 1784. He was appointed physician to Middlesex Hospital in September 1766, and physician to St Thomas's Hospital on 14 December 1768, resigning his post at the former.
Huck held his position at St Thomas's until 1777, when he was succeeded by Henry Revell Reynolds. He died in the West Indies on 24 July 1785.
Family
In 1777 Huck married Jane Saunders, heiress of Admiral Sir Charles Saunders and originally Jane Kinsey, and acquired a large fortune. He assumed the name of Saunders in addition to his own. They had two daughters:
Anne, who married in 1796 Robert Dundas, 2nd Viscount Melville
Jane, who married in 1800 John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland.
Notes
External links
Attribution
1720 births
1785 deaths
18th-century English medical doctors
Fellows of the Royal Society
People from Westmorland |
Sociedad Deportiva Lagunak is a Spanish football team based in Barañáin in the autonomous community of Navarre. Founded in 1975, it plays in Tercera División – Group 15. Its stadium is Estadio Sociedad Lagunak with a capacity of 500 seaters.
The club is better known for its women's team, which used to play in Primera División.
Season to season
5 seasons in Tercera División
External links
SD Lagunak on futnavarra.es
navarrafutbolclic.com profile
Profile on Gobierno de Navarra
Football clubs in Navarre
Association football clubs established in 1975
1975 establishments in Spain |
Laz-D (born Cameron Lasley in 1982) is an American rapper with Down syndrome. His stage name was given to him by NBA basketball player and former classmate Salim Stoudamire. He was introduced to the rap music scene by rap producer Jack Gibson, who later produced and mixed most of the songs on his seminal debut, The Man Himself, at the D Compound. He is known for performing at the "Buddy Walk" every year in Lake Oswego.
Discography
The Man Himself (2006)
In My Face (2009)
Against These Walls (2012) (as Cam Lasley)
References
External links
Lake Oswego Review newspaper feature on Laz D
NME: LAZ D - "The Man Himself" Documentary video
1982 births
Living people
American musicians with disabilities
People from Lake Oswego, Oregon
People with Down syndrome
Singers with disabilities
Rappers from Oregon
West Coast hip hop musicians
Lake Oswego High School alumni
21st-century American rappers |
Teucrium myriocladum is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with small, hairy leaves and creamy-green flowers.
Description
Teucrium myriocladum is a shrub that typically grows to a height of with stems that are square in cross-section. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, long, about wide and covered with glandular hairs. The flowers are borne in leaf axils near the ends of branches on a pedicel long with bracts long. The five sepals are long and joined at the base. The petals are creamy-green, long with a pouch on the middle lobe, and there are four stamens. Flowering mainly occurs from August to December, usually following rain.
Taxonomy
Teucrium myriocladum was formally described in 1904 by Ludwig Diels in Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. The specific epithet (myriocladum) means "countless branches".
Distribution and habitat
This germander grows on plains and flats in open mallee woodland near Esperance in the south-west of Western Australia.
Conservation status
Teucrium myriocladum is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
References
myriocladum
Lamiales of Australia
Plants described in 1905
Taxa named by Ludwig Diels
Eudicots of Western Australia |
The Tecra is a series of business laptops currently manufactured by Dynabook Inc., a subsidiary of Sharp Corporation formerly owned by Toshiba. The number of Tecra notebook models available for sale is strictly dependent on the location: North and South America, Europe, Africa and South Africa, the Middle East or the South Pacific region.
History
Origin
The first Tecra notebook models were released in 1996, including the Tecra 500CS and the Tecra 500CDT. Both notebook models had the same design and featured similar hardware specification. The Tecra laptops built in 1996 dimensions of 299 x 235 x 58mm, with a weight of 3.4kg with integrated AC adaptor. The Lithium-Ion battery (not used in Satellite notebooks before 1997) offered a standard productivity up to two hours.
The original designers of the Tecra were two engineers working at Netel communications. Kenneth Rolls and Kenneth Bailey. Original release of the Tecra was to the engineers of Nextel communications, to improve workflow and speed. Mostly used for process of cellular data. Then released general public.
Toshiba marketed both 500CS and 500CDT as fast notebooks that feature information highway with no speed limits. Toshiba included in Tecra 500CS and Tecra 500CDT important hardware features for 1996, including Intel Pentium SL Enh (120 MHz), standard main memory of 16 MB EDO RAM expandable to 144 MB EDO RAM, a hard drive of 1.350 million bytes, both floppy disk and CD-ROM drive (optional), two CardBus, Desk Station V Plus PCI bus, Card Station II, PCI bus, and ZV Port. However, the Tecra 500CS had a 12.1 inches STN LCD color display with a resolution of 800 x 600 pixels, while the Tecra 500CDT has a 12.1 inches TFT LCD color display with the 800 x 600 pixels resolution.
By September 2000 Toshiba implemented a common platform philosophy which delivered the investment protection that IT decision makers demanded. The Tecra 8100 notebook reduced long term Total Costs of Ownership. Toshiba offered the Tecra 8100 with four different processor speeds (Pentium III 500 MHz, Pentium III 600 MHz, Pentium III 650 MHz, and Pentium III 700 MHz). The basic configuration was also available in two diagonal display, 13.3 inches and 14.1 inches. The Tecra 8100 also included a floppy disk, CD-ROM drive or DVD-ROM drive, S3 Savage MX graphic adapter, two PC Card Type II or one PC Card Type III, Card Bus support, memory expansion slot, SelectBay modules, and Lithium-Ion battery (with an autonomy up to four hours). By 2000 Toshiba was adding special features to Tecra notebook models, such as Toshiba Hibernation and Resume, Toshiba Power Extensions, SecureSleep, Wake-On-LAN and Service Boot, and System Password Security.
Sharp era
Portfolio
Toshiba is updating the Tecra series by upgrading older models or launching new notebooks, such as Tecra A11. Depending on the location there are currently three notebooks in the Tecra series. Toshiba implemented two latest upgrades in the current Tecra series. The first upgrade regards the operating system. Recent Tecra notebooks are shipped with Windows 7 operating system, while the second upgrade regards the 2010 Intel Core processor Family, which includes faster processors that deliver higher performances with Intel Turbo Boost technology and Intel Hyper Threading technology (available in three performance levels). Toshiba included in the Tecra series features for protection such as PC Health Monitor. Other Tecra laptop features are eSATAp Sleep-and-Charge combo port, and fingerprint reader for a better security. Furthermore, the Tecra series includes notebooks with either 14.1 inches diagonal display or 15.6 high resolution diagonal widescreen. Some current Tecra notebook models have durable texture finish with chrome buttons.
Models
Current Products
Depending on the location the Tecra series includes:
Tecra A50
Tecra W50
Tecra Z40
Tecra Z50
Previous Products
Tecra A11
Tecra R10
Tecra R940
Tecra R950
Tecra R850
Tecra R840 - 3 Variants
Tecra M10
Tecra M11 - 2 Variants
1995-2001
Tecra 8100
Tecra 8000
Tecra 780CDM, 780DVD
Tecra 750CDM, 750CDT, 750DVD
Tecra 740CDT
Tecra 730CDT, 730XCDT
Tecra 720CDT
Tecra 710CDT
Tecra 700CS, 700CT (DSTN color LCD vs TFT color LCD)
Tecra 550CDS, 550CDT
Tecra 540CDT
Tecra 530CDS, 530CDT
Tecra 520CDS, 520CDT
Tecra 510CS, 510CDS, 510CDT
Tecra 500CS, 500CDT
Other Tecra models
Toshiba Tecra 8200
Toshiba Tecra 9100
Toshiba Tecra A10
Tecra A1
Tecra A2
Tecra A3
Tecra Alol
Tecra A4
Tecra A5
Tecra A7
Tecra A8
Tecra A9
Tecra A11
Tecra M10
Tecra M1
Tecra M2
Tecra M3
Tecra M4
Tecra M5
Tecra M7
Tecra M9
Tecra M11
Tecra R10
Tecra S10
Tecra S1
Tecra S2
Tecra S3
Tecra S4
Tecra S5
Tecra A5
Toshiba began production of the Tecra A5 in 2005. It has since been superseded by the Tecra A6. Older models include the Tecra 720CDT. They were produced at Toshiba's plants in Yokkaichi and Hangzhou.
The Tecra A5 has 14" WXGA wide screen LCD display with a native resolution of 1280x768 pixels. The laptop's exterior is mostly black but the back of the laptop lid has a silver finish. The laptop has stereo speakers which are located under the LCD display. When compared to its cousin the Satellite, the Tecra is generally more expensive and more business oriented, each having different features and capabilities.
Features:
The Tecra A5 has a DVD Burner, Multi card reader, Wireless, a headphone and microphone jack, four USB Ports, an S-Video port, RGB port,
an internal 56k modem and an Ethernet port for connecting to LANs. Uses Intel Centrino Duo. Designed for Windows XP.
Dimensions: are 13.5" x 9.5" x 1.5" (about 340 x 240 x 40 mm) and it weighs about 5 pounds (about 2.2 kg).
Technical specifications:
References
Bibliography
Mobile Whack information on the Tecra A5
External links
Toshiba
Products introduced in 1996
Subnotebooks
Consumer electronics brands
Tecra
Business laptops |
Ashar District () is in Mehrestan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Ashar.
The National Census in 2011 counted 17,784 people in 4,049 households. At the latest census in 2016, the district had 15,949 inhabitants in 3,929 households.
References
Mehrestan County
Districts of Sistan and Baluchestan Province
Populated places in Mehrestan County |
The title of Professor of Egyptology may refer to the holders of one of the following professorial chairs:
Edwards Professor of Egyptian Archaeology and Philology, at University College London
Professor of Egyptology (Oxford), at the University of Oxford
Sir Herbert Thompson Professor of Egyptology, at the University of Cambridge |
The Scout Association of Papua New Guinea is a Scouting organisation in Papua New Guinea. It had its origins in 1926 as a branch of The Boy Scouts Association of the United Kingdom. It claimed an unaudited membership of 6,284 in 2011.
History
In 1926, The Boy Scouts Association of the United Kingdom established a section in what is now Papua New Guinea. This section operated under The Boy Scouts Association's Australian Federal Council. In 1958, The Boy Scouts Association, Papua and New Guinea Branch became a branch of The Australian Boy Scouts Association, when it was formed as a branch of The Boy Scouts Association of the United Kingdom. The Boy Scouts Association, Papua and New Guinea Branch, changed its name to The Scout Association of Papua New Guinea. The National Scout Council of The Scout Association of Papua New Guinea was incorporated in 1975. The Scout Association of Papua New Guinea joined the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1976.
Programme and ideals
The Association's program requires all members to have a good understanding of their own local customs and traditions, as well as those of the other regions.
Junior Scouts-ages 8–12
Scouts-ages 12–16
Senior Scouts-ages 16–25
The Scout emblem incorporates traditional arrows and a kundu drum.
See also
Girl Guides Association of Papua New Guinea
References
External links
web site
Scouting and Guiding in Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea, Scout Association of
1926 establishments in the United Kingdom
1975 establishments in Papua New Guinea
Organizations established in 1975 |
In mathematics, a p-adic modular form is a p-adic analog of a modular form, with coefficients that are p-adic numbers rather than complex numbers. introduced p-adic modular forms as limits of ordinary modular forms, and shortly afterwards gave a geometric and more general definition. Katz's p-adic modular forms include as special cases classical p-adic modular forms, which are more or less p-adic linear combinations of the usual "classical" modular forms, and overconvergent p-adic modular forms, which in turn include Hida's ordinary modular forms as special cases.
Serre's definition
Serre defined a p-adic modular form to be a formal power series with p-adic coefficients that is a p-adic limit of classical modular forms with integer coefficients. The weights of these classical modular forms need not be the same; in fact, if they are then the p-adic modular form is nothing more than a linear combination of classical modular forms. In general the weight of a p-adic modular form is a p-adic number, given by the limit of the weights of the classical modular forms (in fact a slight refinement gives a weight in Zp×Z/(p–1)Z).
The p-adic modular forms defined by Serre are special cases of those defined by Katz.
Katz's definition
A classical modular form of weight k can be thought of roughly as a function f from pairs (E,ω) of a complex elliptic curve with a holomorphic 1-form ω to complex numbers, such that f(E,λω) = λ−kf(E,ω), and satisfying some additional conditions such as being holomorphic in some sense.
Katz's definition of a p-adic modular form is similar, except that E is now an elliptic curve over some algebra R (with p nilpotent) over the ring of integers R0 of a finite extension of the p-adic numbers, such that E is not supersingular, in the sense that the Eisenstein series Ep–1 is invertible at (E,ω). The p-adic modular form f now takes values in R rather than in the complex numbers. The p-adic modular form also has to satisfy some other conditions analogous to the condition that a classical modular form should be holomorphic.
Overconvergent forms
Overconvergent p-adic modular forms are similar to the modular forms defined by Katz, except that the form has to be defined on a larger collection of elliptic curves. Roughly speaking, the value of the Eisenstein series Ek–1 on the form is no longer required to be invertible, but can be a smaller element of R. Informally the series for the modular form converges on this larger collection of elliptic curves, hence the name "overconvergent".
References
Modular forms
p-adic numbers |
Q'umir Qucha (Quechua q'umir green, qucha lake, "green lake", other spellings Comer Cocha, Khomer Khocha) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes, about 5,020 m (16,470 ft) high. It is located in the Anta Q'awa mountain range, the southern part of the Potosí mountain range. Q'umir Qucha is situated south-east of Potosí in the Potosí Department, in the north of the José María Linares Province. Q'umir Qucha lies north-west of the mountain Khunurana and the Yana Urqu group and south-west of the mountain Anta Q'awa. The small lake Q'umir Qucha lies at its feet, east of it. The larger lake south of Q'umir Qucha is Santa Catalina.
References
Mountains of Potosí Department |
Graham Smith may refer to:
Graham Smith (activist) (born 1974), CEO of political organisation Republic
Graham Smith (milliner) (born 1938), British milliner
Graham Smith (Māori academic) (born 1950), New Zealand academic
Graham M. Smith, British political theorist
Graham Smith (priest) (born 1947), former Dean of Norwich
Graham Smith (pilot) (1919-1951), combat fighter pilot and U.S. Army Air Corps Officer with the Tuskegee Airmen
Artists and musicians
Graham Smith (photographer) (born 1947), British photographer
Graham Smith (artist), Canadian artist
Graham Smith, lead singer of Kleenex Girl Wonder
Graham David Smith (1937–2021), British artist and writer
Graham Smith, violinist in String Driven Thing and Van der Graaf
Sportspeople
Graham Smith (footballer, born 1946), British footballer
Graham Smith (footballer, born 1947), British footballer & manager
Graham Smith (footballer, born 1951), British footballer
Graham Smith (soccer, born 1994), American soccer player
Graham Smith (soccer, born 1995), American soccer player
Graham Smith (rower) (born 1975), British rower
Graham Smith (Canadian swimmer) (born 1958), Canadian swimmer
Graham Smith (Bermudian swimmer) (born 1982), Bermudan swimmer
Graham Smith (Australian cricketer) (born 1964), New South Wales cricketer
Graham Smith (Durham cricketer) (1950–2012), English cricketer
Graham Smith (Leicestershire cricketer) (1923–1997), English cricketer
See also
George Stuart Graham-Smith (1875-1950), British pathologist and zoologist
Francis Graham-Smith (born 1923), British astronomer
Graeme Smith (disambiguation) |
Alline Dawn Lawrie (born 3 November 1938) is an Australian former politician. She was the independent member for Nightcliff in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 1974 to 1983; in the First Assembly, she and fellow independent Ron Withnall were the sole non-Country Liberal Party members.
Early life
Lawrie was born in Melbourne in 1938. She moved to Alice Springs in the 1950s. She then settled in Darwin in 1960, where she worked as a public servant.
Career
|}
Lawrie joined the Northern Territory Parliament in 1971, firstly as an independent member of the Legislative Council (1971–74) then as the independent member for Nightcliff (1974–1983).
After politics, Lawrie and her husband established a community newspaper, the Palmerston & Northern Suburbs, which was published from 1983 to 1985. Lawrie was appointed as the first Regional Director for the Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission in 1986. She served as the Administrator of the Cocos Keeling Islands from 1988 to 1990 and was the first NT Anti-Discrimination Commissioner. She is also a justice of the peace and a registered civil marriage celebrant.
She is the mother of Delia Lawrie, former leader of the Labor Party and the opposition in the Northern Territory.
References
|-
1938 births
Living people
Members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Members of the Northern Territory Legislative Council
Independent members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Cocos (Keeling) Islands administrators
Women members of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
Members of the Order of Australia |
The Lao Women's Union (LWU; ) is a women's rights organization established in Laos on 20 July 1955. It was originally called the Lao Patriotic Women's Association, was renamed the Lao Women's Association in 1965 and got its present name at the 1st National Congress in 1984. It has acted as the official leader of the women's movement in Laos since its founding. It is responsible for promoting government policies on women, and protecting women's rights within the government, while liberating them from traditional norms within society and involving them in social revolution with the aim to promote their overall status and welfare in Laotian society.
Khampheng Boupha served as the first President of the Lao Women's Union. The current President Inlavanh Keobounphanh is the daughter of former Lao People's Revolutionary Party leader and former Laotian Prime Minister Sisavath Keobounphanh.
The post of President of the Lao Women's Union is minister-level and the officeholder therefore has the right to attend the meetings of the Government of Laos.
Presidents
Khampheng Boupha (1955–88)
Onchanh Thammavong (1988–2004)
Sisay Leudetmounsone (2004–2020)
Inlavanh Keobounphanh (2020–)
National Congresses
1st National Congress (1984)
2nd National Congress (1988)
3rd National Congress (1993)
4th National Congress (2001)
5th National Congress (2006)
6th National Congress (2011)
7th National Congress (2015)
8th National Congress (2020)
References
Specific
Bibliography
Journal articles:
Women's wings of communist parties
Organizations established in 1955
1955 establishments in Laos
Women in Laos |
Fabrice Jeandesboz (born 4 December 1984) is a French former road and track cyclist, who competed professionally between 2009 and 2017 for the and teams.
Jeandesboz joined for the 2014 season, after his previous team – – folded at the end of the 2013 season. He was named in the start list for the 2015 Vuelta a España.
Major results
2004
3rd Paris–Mantes-en-Yvelines
8th Chrono Champenois
2005
1st Individual pursuit, National Under-23 Track Championships
3rd Overall Critérium des Espoirs
2007
2nd Overall Tour de Gironde
2010
1st Prologue (TTT) Tour Alsace
6th Classic Loire Atlantique
7th Overall Tour de l'Ain
2011
5th Overall Vuelta a Burgos
7th Overall Vuelta a Murcia
8th Overall Tour Méditerranéen
9th Les Boucles du Sud-Ardèche
2012
4th Overall Tour du Gévaudan Languedoc-Roussillon
7th Klasika Primavera
8th Overall Tour Méditerranéen
2013
5th Les Boucles du Sud-Ardèche
8th Overall Vuelta a Castilla y León
10th Overall Route du Sud
2014
6th Overall La Tropicale Amissa Bongo
2015
2nd Overall Rhône-Alpes Isère Tour
1st Stage 3
2nd Polynormande
6th Overall Tour de l'Ain
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
References
External links
Fabrice Jeandesboz profile at Saur-Sojasun
1984 births
Living people
French male cyclists
People from Loudéac
Sportspeople from Côtes-d'Armor
Cyclists from Brittany |
Gudurica (; ) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Vršac municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (66.21%) and a sizable ethnic Macedonian minority (10.49%), and its population numbering 1,092 people (2011 census). Part of the Macedonians of Gudurica are in fact assimilated Aromanians and specially Megleno-Romanians that came to the village from the Macedonian SR it following the expulsion of its native German population.
Name
In Serbian the village is known as Gudurica (Гудурица), in Macedonian as Гудурица, in Hungarian as Temeskutas, and in German as Kudritz.
History
The village was firstly mentioned in 1358. During Ottoman administration (16th-18th century) it was a Serb village. In 1728, it was settled by the Italians. Later, it was populated by Germans, and already in 1753, it was predominantly German settlement. The village was located in a swampy area in the Banat Region. The first German settlers in Kudritz came from the Mosel river area in Western Germany, Alsace and Lorraine between 1719 and 1728. Descendants of the German inhabitants lived here until the end of World War II, when most of them left from the area. After World War II, the village was populated by South Slavic (mostly Serb and Macedonian) settlers. 2002 census also recorded 3 villagers of German ethnicity. Part of the Macedonian inhabitants of Gudurica are ethnic Aromanians and specially Megleno-Romanians or their descendants who self-identify as such as a result of assimilation. They were brought after World War II but were counted simply as Slavs, this being the reason why they have been largely ignored. Despite being mostly extinct, some Megleno-Romanians still remain in Gudurica; as of 2014, 3 people could speak the Megleno-Romanian language on the village.
Historical population
1961: 2,105
1971: 1,560
1981: 1,448
1991: 1,338
2002: 1,267
2011: 1,092
See also
List of places in Serbia
List of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina
References
Slobodan Ćurčić, Broj stanovnika Vojvodine, Novi Sad, 1996.
Vrsac/Werschetz location in Banat Vršac
External links
Populated places in Serbian Banat
Populated places in South Banat District
Megleno-Romanian settlements
Vršac |
Jagadhri is a city and a municipal council in the Yamunanagar district of the Indian state of Haryana. This town lies adjacent to the city of Yamunanagar. The demarcation line between the two is difficult to discern. Jagadhri is around 90
km away from Chandigarh, the capital city of Haryana state. This town is known for the cluster of brass and copper industries. Jagadhri is known as the "Brass City" of India.
Etymology
Jagadhri, corrupted form of its old name Yugandhari, was named after the king of the Yugandharas. Yugandharas find mention in Mahabharata as well as Buddhist texts as region with warriors or mountains. Yugandhara likely was used for a region inhabited by a tribe of that name and it comprised some mountainous tracts also which were given the same name.
History
Excavations have found the punch marked square coins, a Greek hemidrachm coin of Indo-Greek king Apollodotus I or Apollodotus II (1st and 2nd century BCE ) and one of Antimachus I/Antimachus II (2nd century BCE), a gold coin of Samudragupta (ruled 336-380 CE) and other coins of the period up to the Prithviraj Chauhan and Tomara dynasty kings of Delhi. It was likely the capital city of a Janapada.
There are few places which have signs of Ashoka like Topra kalan, Chaneti, Sugh and Lohgarh. Topra kalan is the place where the Ashoka pillar having Pali inscriptions was originally installed by Ashoka. This pillar was uprooted by Mughal invader Ferozeshah Tughlaq and was moved to Delhi and reinstalled. Chaneti has one full size Buddhist stupa excavated similar to those found in Sanchi and Sarnath. Sugh also had signs of Buddhism which have been razed by local natives.
The town was known historically for its metal work and brass ware including utensils. Nowadays production of brass ware has fallen off, due to high costs and the city has successfully transitioned to the manufacture of aluminium and stainless steel products. Moreover, Jagadhri has also witnessed the growth of a new timber trade in the last decade.
There are many old temples, such as LathMar Mandir, Khera Mandir, Gauri Shankar Mandir and Guga Madi Mandir, Devi Mandir (Mansa Devi).
Demographics
As of 2011 Indian Census, Jagadhri had 26,716 households with a total population of 124,894 of which 67,685 were male and 57,209 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 14,011. The total number of literates in Jagadhri was 94,468, which constituted 75.6% of the population with male literacy of 78.3% and female literacy of 72.5%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Jagadhri was 85.2%, of which male literacy rate was 88.3% and female literacy rate was 81.5%. The Scheduled Castes population was 15,460.
Surrounding places of interest
Tajewala headworks
Tajewala Barrage, completed in 1873, is where the Yamuna loses its waters to the Western and Eastern Yamuna Canals that supply water for irrigation and the Delhi waterworks. The Tajewala was replaced by the Hathnikund Barrage in 1999.
Buria
Buria is a famous town situated 8 km away from Jagadhari. It is said that Humayun came here for hunting in Shivalik forests and constructed Rang-Mahal. Many people guess the relation of 'Rang-Mahal' to Raja Birbal, one of the Navaratnas of Akbar.
Buria is also known as Buria Sahib because of a well-known Gurudwara related to Guru Teg Bahadur, ninth guru of Sikhs. An old Shiva Temple is also located in Buria. In nearby Dayalgarh, is the renovated old temple of Shree Paataaleshvar Mahadev with a garden and some ashrams of saints made during medieval times.
Bilaspur & Kapalmochan
Bilaspur town, named after the writer of the Mahabharata - Maharishi Vyasa, is a historical place. It is supposed that there was an Ashram of Ved Vyas on the bank of a pond situated here. The statue of Uma Mahadev made in 9th-10th century, and statue of Ganesha made in 11th-12th century and remains of Gupta Empire prove the antecedence of Kapalmochan. People come from all parts of the country feel spiritual elevated by taking holy bath here in ponds (kunds) known as Rinmochan, Kapalmochan and Surya kund. There is also a Hindu temple and Gurudawara of Dasham patshahi where the tenth guru of the Sikhs Guru Gobind Singh stayed. On the occasion of Guru Nanak Dev Jayanti, a huge gathering of devotees of both Sikh and Hindu origin takes place.
Panchmukhi Shri Hanuman Ji Mandir
The temple is situated on the road coming from Bilaspur to Chhachhrauli, 4 km away from Bilaspur and attracts large numbers of people. This temple has a Vigrah of Hanuman with five faces, contributing to temple's name, Panchmukhi (five faces). It is believed that wishes come true here, after the 20th day of the Diwali on the Occasion. It is believed that the five Pandavas visited this place and prayed to Lord Hanuman by creating his five faces. The premises of the Temple has been greatly renovated during the recent years and has good facilities for the devotees.
Chhachhrauli
The main tehsil situated in north east and 11 km from Jagadhri. In the past it was the capital of the Sikh state of Kalsia. Created by Raja Gurbaksh Singh in 1763. Today 'Ravi Mahal', Ghantaghar, Janak Niwas and the fort have their own dignity. There is also a Sainik Parivar Bhawan & Bal-kunj social welfare institution at Chhachrauli. It is known as "Cherapunjji of Haryana" as it receives the highest rainfall in Haryana.
Bhatouli
This village is situated north east from jagadhari- there is a main ancient temple of lord shiva.
Adi Badri
It lies 23 km north of Yamuna Nagar town. It is approachable by road via Bilaspur and is about 2 km from the nearest village Kathgarh. Located in the foothills of the Shivalik Hills, it has the Adi-Badri Narayana, Shri Kedar Nath and Mantra Devi Temples in the background. Three mounds of antiquities have recently been excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India.
Chaneti
Chaneti Buddhist Stupa is situated 3 km away from Jagadhri. It is round in shape, made of bricks, 8 meters in height, in the area of about 100 sq meters, is an old Buddhist Stupa. According to Hieun Tsang, this was built by the King Ashoka.
Harnol & Topra
Panjtirthi is situated 15 km away from Yamuna Nagar Topra Kalan to Harnol road. There are Lord Rama, Sita, Pandavas, Shiv temples, a Gurudwara and sacred pond.
Sadhaura
It is an old historical place. It was said that people coming from Haridwar and all the religious places of Himachal Pradesh used to take rest here. It was known as the 'Sadhu-raha' in the past.
Sugh Ancient Mound
Education
Hindu girls college
Maharaja Agrasen College, Jagadhri
Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management and Technology
S.D. Public School, Jagadhri
Sacred Heart School, Jagadhri
Saraswati Vidya Mandir High School, Jagadhri
References
Cities and towns in Yamunanagar district
Cities and towns in Haryana |
Philipp Schey Freiherr von Koromla (; 20 September 1798 – 26 June 1881) was an Austro-Hungarian merchant and philanthropist. He was the first Hungarian Jew elevated into the Austrian nobility.
His daughter, Charlotte, was the mother of Hans Leo Przibram.
References
1798 births
1881 deaths
Austro-Hungarian Jews
Hungarian nobility
Barons of Austria |
The Chemin de Fer du Blanc-Argent (; BA) is a gauge railway in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France, part of which is still open to traffic, whilst another section is now operated as a heritage railway.
History
The BA was conceived as a standard-gauge cross-country route linking lines of the Chemin de Fer de Paris à Orléans (PO). Although the original scheme was abandoned, the PO built the line as a single-track metre-gauge railway, linking Argent with Le Blanc, and running through the departments of Loiret, Loir-et-Cher and Indre.
The line had a total length of , with headquarters at Romorantin. It opened in 1901 and remained intact until 1951, when the first closures took place. All traffic was steam hauled until the early 1930s, when Billard railcars were introduced to handle some of the passenger traffic. Steam locomotives were operated until the 1950s. In 1981, the Centre region and SNCF agreed to rebuild the four Verney railcars, and built two new ones. The timetable was reorganised to give better connections with the SNCF. The BA became part of TER in 1987. Freight traffic on the BA ended in 1989.
The lines
The BA was divided into five sections operationally.
Rolling stock
Steam locomotives
Eight 0-6-0T locomotives (Nos. 21–28) ordered from ANF Blanc-Misseron, who subcontracted to Ateliers de Tubize.
Eight 0-6-0T locomotives (Nos. 29–36) built by Buffaud & Robatel.
One 2-4-0T locomotives (No. 63) built by Batignolles. Transferred from PO Corrèze in 1946.
Two 0-6-2T locomotives (Nos. 42–43); built by SACM for the Société Générale des Chemins de fer Économiques, sold to SNCF in 1940.
One 0-6-6-0T locomotive (No. 41); built by Corpet-Louvet in 1912 for CF Centre (No. 103); sold to Tramways de l'Ain; sold to SNCF for B-A as No. 41 in 1938; to PO Corréze in 1946; to Réseau Breton in 1953.
Railcars
Four Billard railcars, introduced in the 1950s, ex CFD Charentes et Deux Sèvres.
Four SCF Verney railcars, built 1950. Two more were transferred from the PO Corrèze in 1968.
Two CFD railcars built 1984.
X201–X206 De Dion-Bouton OC2 railcars. Transferred from the Réseau Breton in 1967. Only X202 and X205 put in service, the rest were used as spares sources. X202 now preserved in Brittany.
X74501–X74505 CFD-Bagnères twin railcars, entered service in 2001.
Diesel locomotives
11–14 CFD 0-6-0 diesel locotracteur, Nos. 13 and 14 built on the frames of steam locomotives 25 and 28. No. 12 now on the Chemin de Fer de la Baie de Somme, Nos. 13–14 still working on the BA.
Preservation
Part of the line between Lucay-le-Male and Buzançais has been preserved by the Société d'Animation du Blanc-Argent (SABA). The final section, between Argy and Buzançais, has been converted to standard gauge to serve a local agricultural industry so Argy is the southern terminus of the preserved part of the line.
Preserved stock
11 Corpet-Louvet 0-4-0T, ex enterprises Paul Frot.
X224 Verney railcar.
X205 De Dion-Bouton OC2 railcar.
X206 De Dion-Bouton OC2 railcar.
713 Renault Draisine built 1930.
208 Billard draisine built 1968.
56115 Deutz 4w diesel, ex Euskirchener Kreisbahn and mine-musée du Blégny, Belgium.
56116 Deutz 4w diesel, details as 56115.
Brookville 4w diesel, works number 3162.1945. Ex US Army. Reconstructed in 2002 with hedge flail
COMESSA 4w diesel, built 1935.
4 0-6-0 diesel built on chassis of a Couillet steam locomotive, works number 693/1884. Ex CF Indre-et-Loire Nord and CF Seine et Marne et Yonne.
Various open wagons and vans. Passenger carriages are four wheeled ex Switzerland and also some converted from goods vans.
References
External links
Bas-Berry Tourist Railway
Map of Chemin de Fer du Blanc-Argent
Heritage railways in France
Indre
Loiret
Loir-et-Cher
Metre gauge railways in France
Railway companies of France
Tourist attractions in Centre-Val de Loire
Transport in Centre-Val de Loire |
Joakim Halvarsson (born March 12, 1972) is a Swedish ski mountaineer.
Halvarsson was born in Östersund and has been member of the national team since 2006. He started ski mountaineering in 2000 and competed first in the Swedish Cup Ski Mountaineering in 2005. Together with Patrik Nordin, André Jonsson and John Bergstedt, he placed sixth in the relay event of the 2007 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering.
External links
Joakim Halvarsson at skimountaineering.org
1972 births
Living people
Swedish male ski mountaineers
Sportspeople from Östersund |
Transtek Medical (; ; simply as Transtek), commonly known as Lifesense, fully referred to as Guangdong Transtek Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., is a Chinese wearable device maker that also focuses on the field of mobile health. The company was founded by Weichao Pan in 2002, with its main products being home medical and health electronics, such as scales, smart bracelets and blood pressure monitors.
According to IDC, the company shipped one million units of wearables in the second quarter of 2016, ranking fifth in the global wearable devices market, coming in behind Fitbit, Apple and Garmin. Transtek's IPO application was approved by the CSRC in October 2016. On November 16, it landed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange with the ticker symbol "300562.SZ".
History
In 2014, Transtek released a health tracking device called "Mambo". It became one of the top five wearable producers worldwide in Q2 2016. In October, the company rolled out the Lifesense Band 2, featuring the collection of heart rate data.
Transtek was listed on the SZSE in November 2016, with Great Wall Securities as its lead underwriter. On October 10, 2017, it signed a cooperation agreement with US-based Cooper Aerobics.
In December 2017, Transtek set up a medical industry fund. In 2019, the company launched its own brand of smart sports watches. Its blood pressure monitors got the 510(k) clearance from the FDA in March 2021.
References
Electronics companies established in 2002
2016 initial public offerings
Companies listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange |
Eleocharis geniculata is a species of spikesedge known by several common names, including bent spikerush and Canada spikesedge. This is a widespread plant of wet areas in the Americas, Asia, Africa, Australia, Madagascar, and some Pacific Islands. It is an annual spikesedge growing to a maximum height of about 40 centimeters. It has a few straw-colored leaves and many thin erect stems. The stems hold inflorescences of rounded spikelets each containing at least 10 tiny flowers. The flowers are covered with dark greenish-brown bracts. The fruit is a shiny purple-brown achene not more than a millimeter long.
References
External links
Jepson Manual Treatment
USDA Plants Profile
Photo gallery
geniculata
Flora of Northern America
Flora of Australia
Flora of Asia
Flora of Africa
Flora of Southern America
Flora of Madagascar
Flora of the Pacific
Plants described in 1753
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
Norbeck may refer to:
Norbeck, Maryland
Norbeck, South Dakota
Joakim Norbeck, a Swedish scientist
Peter Norbeck, a politician from South Dakota |
Systematic Entomology is a scientific journal covering the field of systematic entomology, published by the Royal Entomological Society of London. Having begun in 1932 as Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B: Taxonomy, the title was changed to Journal of Entomology, Series B: Taxonomy in 1971, starting with volume 40. After volume 44 in 1976, the journal became Systematic Entomology, starting again with volume 1.
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.844. It is indexed in the following bibliographic databases:
Academic Search
AGRICOLA
Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
BIOBASE
Biological Abstracts
BIOSIS Previews
CAB Direct
CSA Biological Sciences Database
CSA Environmental Sciences & Pollution Management Database
Current Contents
Embiology
IBIDS
InfoTrac
Journal Citation Reports
Science Citation Index
The Zoological Record
See also
List of entomology journals
References
Entomology journals and magazines
Academic journals established in 1932
Quarterly journals
1932 establishments in the United Kingdom
Royal Entomological Society
Wiley (publisher) academic journals
Academic journals associated with learned and professional societies of the United Kingdom |
Carl Ingvar Andersson (19 March 1899 – 14 October 1974) was a Swedish historian and director of the National Archives of Sweden.
Andersson was an associate professor at Lund University from 1928 to 1938 and director of the National Archives from 1950 to 1965. Most of his historical research was focused on the 16th century. Among his works is a biography of Eric XIV of Sweden. In 1950 Andersson became a member of the Swedish Academy.
References
1899 births
1974 deaths
20th-century Swedish historians
Members of the Swedish Academy
Academic staff of Lund University
Members of the Royal Gustavus Adolphus Academy
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Corresponding Fellows of the British Academy |
"Manspreading" or "man-sitting" is a pejorative neologism referring to the practice of men sitting in public transport with legs wide apart, thereby covering more than one seat.
A public debate began when an anti-manspreading campaign started on the social media website Tumblr in 2013; the term appeared a year later. These campaigns have been heavily criticised as public shaming campaigns, as the subjects are often clearly identifiable, and the associated practice of taking non-consensual photos of men with emphasis on their crotch has been compared to creepshots or revenge porn.
The usage of the term has received substantial criticism from both feminists and antifeminists. Law enforcement regarding manspreading has unduly targeted Latino men, including a case where a Latino teenager was allegedly charged for having a backpack next to him on the train.
OxfordDictionaries.com added the word "manspreading" in August 2015. Lyndsay Kirkham, an English professor at Humber College, Toronto, said the practice was a metaphor for the permission men were given to take up a disproportionate share of space in society.
Explanations
Physiology
Author and fitness journalist Lou Schuler writes that "manspreading" is natural due to men's inherent physical differences which make spreading knees the "least-stressed sitting position for men":
The male anatomy typically has a higher center of mass, partially due to increased shoulder and upper arm musculature and partially due to lessened fat deposits on the thighs and buttocks. Men with long torsos also have a longer pendulum arm, which amplifies lateral forces due to motion of the vehicle. Men on average also have narrower backsides than women, providing a less secure base. If the chair offers lateral lumbar support, this can help to alleviate swaying, but much public transportation features spartan seating design, and spreading the legs to increase the base of support is the natural option to maintain a secure posture.
Larger men with broad shoulders are often as wide at the shoulder (or wider) than the seat provided; there is often very little tolerance for swaying sideways without contacting the person in the adjacent seat, especially for larger men seated side by side. Men can reduce their shoulder width somewhat by curling the shoulders forward and sitting with their forearms crossed over their horizontal thighs, an upper body posture akin to manunspreading.
Manspreading could also be due to the factors such as the overall width of the pelvis, which is relatively greater in females and the angle of the femoral neck, which is more acute.
Sociology
Sitting more expansively may also signal dominance and sexual attractiveness for males. Tanya Vacharkulksemsuk, a UC Berkeley post-doctorate researcher recently published studies that found spreading out legs and arms is more sexually attractive when males do it. Using photographs, she found that images of men spreading out got 87% of interest among female viewers. Expansive poses were not as effective for women, who appeared "vulnerable" and "starfish-like" according to other researchers. On the other hand, some analysts have found that women sitting cross-legged may be perceived positively as an expression of femininity. The opposite seating posture to manspreading, leg-crossing, is often viewed as effeminate.
Usage in transport
In 2014, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) in the New York metropolitan area and Sound Transit of Seattle instituted poster campaigns encouraging respectful posture when other passengers have to stand due to crowding on buses and trains. The MTA campaign, which criticized many behaviors such as leaning on poles and applying make-up, used the slogan "Dude, stop the spread please!" Transport officials in Philadelphia, Chicago and Washington D.C. have not noted complaints against manspreading in particular although the Philadelphia Transportation Authority at that time had an etiquette campaign with the slogan “Dude It's Rude... Two Seats — Really?” aimed at people who occupied seats with bags. Despite social media pressure and public debate to extend the campaign to the Canadian city of Toronto a representative of the Toronto Transit Commission stated “We’re not commenting on the manspreading campaign," and she reminded the users to be courteous to each other, allowing someone else to take an empty seat beside them. Since 2017, taking more than one seat is forbidden by Madrid Municipal Transport Company. In some cases, people who find manspreading offensive have taken to photographing manspreading, and posting those images on the Internet.
The term came into controversy after laws against manspreading were used to unduly target the Latino population. Two Latino men were arrested for 'manspreading' under the MTA rules, and a teenager was allegedly charged after keeping a backpack next to him. Huffpost called it an example of 'broken windows' policing.
Criticism and controversy
Both this posture and the use of the neologism "manspreading" have occasioned some internet criticism and debates in the US, UK, Turkey, and Canada. The controversy surrounding manspreading has been described by equity feminist writer Cathy Young as "pseudo feminism – preoccupied with male misbehavior, no matter how trivial." She argued that the usage of the term is 'about shaming directed at males.'
According to UNSW professor and academic Emma Jane, "A key component of activism in this domain has involved feminists taking candid photographs of male commuters engaged in manspreading and posting these images on social media platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, and Tumblr. Many of the male subjects are identifiable and appear alongside mocking captions and comments." The criticism and campaigns against manspreading have been counter-criticized for not addressing similar behavior by women. Men's rights groups have taken issue at the gendered nature of the term, and have contended that anti-social behaviour in transport is an issue of individual etiquette rather than gender, pointing to instances of women taking up more than one seat by keeping bags on them, a practice dubbed as she-bagging. The practice of taking non-consensual photos of men with emphasis on their crotch has been compared to creepshots or revenge porn.
The practice has also been described as a form of public shaming. As an example, in New York, actor Tom Hanks was photographed on the subway, taking up two seats and criticized for it. He responded on a talk show, "Hey Internet, you idiot! The train was half empty! It was scattered – there was plenty of room!"
The Canadian Association for Equality (CAFE), a Canadian men's rights group, has been critical of campaigns against manspreading by transit authorities. The CAFE has argued that it is "physically painful for men to close their legs" and that campaigns against manspreading is comparable to "[forcing] women to stop breast feeding on buses or trains...." Commentators in media have made similar arguments regarding the need for men to spread their legs to properly accommodate their testicles. Peter Post, the author of the book “Essential Manners for Men” has been cited as saying that the proper way for men to sit is with their legs parallel rather than in a V-shape.
In 2016, the word appeared on Lake Superior State University's list of "banished" words and phrases. In 2019, two women received criticism for a "womanspreading" banner that they displayed on a feminist march in Pakistan.
In 2019, Laila Laurel, a student of the University of Brighton, created a chair which was designed to encourage men to sit with their legs closed; she also made a different chair designed to encourage women to sit while taking up a larger portion of space. These chairs received criticism online, with some deeming the chairs and the student misandristic. Her chairs won the Belmond Award, an award at a showcase of work from various universities. According to Laurel, the chairs' designs were not meant to be taken seriously.
The practice of manspreading itself has also been criticized, generally for taking up too much space. It has also been viewed as a result of gender bias. Certain measures against manspreading have been praised, with some wanting other cities to adopt similar measures. It has been described by journalist Barbara Ellen in 2013 as "essentially anger at the space these men feel entitled to take up." She also argued against the argument that men need to spread their legs by arguing that "Judging by the number of men who manage to sit perfectly normally, there seems to be a modicum of delusional bragging going on here." Finally, she expressed concern that manspreading could lead to more serious behavior towards women.
See also
Manterrupting
Mansplaining
Misogyny
References
External links
Why NYC's campaign against "manspreading" hit a nerve Q on CBC
Comedy troupe takes on the scourge of "manspreading" – by throwing a pizza party
Gabrielle Moss, "Why Do Guys Spread Their Legs When Sitting on The Subway? My Weekend of Sitting Like a Man," Bustle
Related term: Manslamming
Feminist terminology
Men and feminism
Public transport
Sitting
Sociolinguistics
2010s neologisms
Sexism
Stereotypes of men |
The Procter & Gamble Company (P&G) is an American multinational consumer goods corporation headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, founded in 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble. It specializes in a wide range of personal health/consumer health, personal care and hygiene products; these products are organized into several segments including beauty; grooming; health care; fabric and home care; and baby, feminine, and family care. Before the sale of Pringles to Kellogg's, its product portfolio also included food, snacks, and beverages. P&G is incorporated in Ohio.
In 2014, P&G recorded $83.1 billion in sales. On August 1, 2014, P&G announced it was streamlining the company, dropping and selling off around 100 brands from its product portfolio in order to focus on the remaining 65 brands, which produced 95% of the company's profits. A.G. Lafley, the company's chairman and CEO until October 2015, said the future P&G would be "a much simpler, much less complex company of leading brands that's easier to manage and operate".
Jon Moeller is the current president and CEO of P&G.
History
Origins
Candlemaker William Procter, born in England, and soap maker James Gamble, born in Ireland, both emigrated to the US from the United Kingdom. They initially settled in Cincinnati, Ohio, and met when they married sisters Olivia and Elizabeth Norris. Alexander Norris, their father-in-law, persuaded them to become business partners, and in 1837, Procter & Gamble was created.
From 1858 to 1859, sales reached $1 million. By that point, about 80 employees worked for Procter & Gamble. During the American Civil War, the company won contracts to supply the Union Army with soap and candles. In addition to the increased profits experienced during the war, the military contracts introduced soldiers from all over the country to Procter & Gamble's products.
In the 1880s, Procter & Gamble began to market a new product, an inexpensive soap that floated in water. The company called the soap Ivory. William Arnett Procter, William Procter's grandson, began a profit-sharing program for the company's workforce in 1887. By giving the workers a stake in the company, he correctly assumed that they would be less likely to go on strike.
The company began to build factories in other locations in the United States because the demand for products had outgrown the capacity of the Cincinnati facilities. The company's leaders began to diversify its products as well, and in 1911 the company began producing Crisco, a shortening made of vegetable oils rather than animal fats.
Beginning in the 1880s, P&G advertised its wares in full-page advertisements in many general-interest magazines. By 1921, it had become a major international corporation with a diversified line of soaps, toiletries, and food products; in that year, its annual advertising budget reached $1 million.
In the 1920s, P&G advertised its products on the new medium of radio and, from 1932 forward, was one of the biggest sponsors of daytime serials, which soon acquired the nickname of soap operas. In the television era, P&G sponsored and produced some twenty soap operas across six decades before the last of its shows ended in 2010.
International expansion
The company moved into other countries, both in terms of manufacturing and product sales, becoming an international corporation with its 1930 acquisition of the Thomas Hedley Co., based in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. After this acquisition, Procter & Gamble had their UK Headquarters at 'Hedley House' in Newcastle upon Tyne, until quite recently, when they moved to The Heights, Brooklands. Numerous new products and brand names were introduced over time, and Procter & Gamble began branching out into new areas. The company introduced Tide laundry detergent in 1946 and Prell shampoo in 1947. In 1955, Procter & Gamble began selling the first toothpaste to contain fluoride, known as Crest. Branching out once again in 1957, the company purchased Charmin paper mills and began manufacturing toilet paper and other tissue paper products. Once again focusing on laundry, Procter & Gamble began making Downy fabric softener in 1960 and Bounce fabric softener sheets in 1972. From 1957 to 1968, Procter & Gamble owned Clorox, the leading American manufacturer of liquid bleach; however, the Federal Trade Commission challenged the acquisition, and the U.S. Supreme Court decided against P&G in April 1967.
One of the most revolutionary products to come out on the market was the company's disposable Pampers diaper, first test-marketed in 1961, the same year Procter & Gamble came out with Head & Shoulders. Prior to this point, disposable diapers were not popular, although Johnson & Johnson had developed a product called Chux. Babies always wore cloth diapers, which were leaky and labor-intensive to wash. Pampers provided a convenient alternative, albeit at the environmental cost of more waste requiring landfilling. Amid the recent concerns parents have voiced on the ingredients in diapers, Pampers launched Pampers Pure collection in 2018, which is a "natural" diaper alternative.
Further developments
Procter & Gamble acquired a number of other companies that diversified its product line and significantly increased profits. These acquisitions included Folgers Coffee, Norwich Eaton Pharmaceuticals (the makers of Pepto-Bismol), Richardson-Vicks, Noxell (Noxzema), Shulton's Old Spice, Max Factor, the Iams Company, and Pantene, among others. In 1994, the company made headlines for big losses resulting from leveraged positions in interest rate derivatives, and subsequently sued Bankers Trust for fraud; this placed their management in the unusual position of testifying in court that they had entered into transactions that they were not capable of understanding. In 1996, P&G again made headlines when the Food and Drug Administration approved a new product developed by the company, Olestra. Also known by its brand name 'Olean', Olestra is a lower-calorie substitute for fat in cooking potato chips and other snacks.
In January 2005, P&G announced the acquisition of Gillette, forming the largest consumer goods company and placing Unilever into second place. This added brands such as Gillette razors, Duracell, Braun, and Oral-B to their stable. The acquisition was approved by the European Union and the Federal Trade Commission, with conditions to a spinoff of certain overlapping brands. P&G agreed to sell its SpinBrush battery-operated electric toothbrush business to Church & Dwight, and Gillette's Rembrandt toothpaste line to Johnson & Johnson. The deodorant brands Right Guard, Soft and Dri, and Dry Idea were sold to Dial Corporation. In 2001, Liquid Paper and Gillette's stationery division, Paper Mate, were sold to Newell Rubbermaid. The companies officially merged on October 1, 2005. In 2008, P&G branched into the record business with its sponsorship of Tag Records, as an endorsement for TAG Body Spray.
P&G's dominance in many categories of consumer products makes its brand management decisions worthy of study. For example, P&G's corporate strategists must account for the likelihood of one of their products cannibalizing the sales of another.
On August 25, 2009, the Ireland-based pharmaceutical company Warner Chilcott announced they had bought P&G's prescription-drug business for $3.1 billion.
P&G exited the food business in 2012 when it sold its Pringles snack food business to Kellogg's for $2.75 billion after the $2.35 billion deal with former suitor Diamond Foods fell short. The company had previously sold Jif peanut butter, Crisco shortening and oils, and Folgers coffee in separate transactions to fellow Ohio-based company Smucker's.
In April 2014, the company sold its Iams pet food business in all markets excluding Europe to Mars, Inc. for $2.9 billion. It sold the European Iams business to Spectrum Brands in December 2014.
Restructuring
In August 2014, P&G announced it was streamlining the company, dropping around 100 brands and concentrating on the remaining 65, which were producing 95% of the company's profits.
In March 2015, the company divested its Vicks VapoSteam U.S. liquid inhalant business to Helen of Troy, part of a brand-restructuring operation. This deal was the first health-related divestiture under the brand-restructuring operation. The deal included a fully paid-up license to the Vicks VapoSteam trademarks and the U.S. license of P&G's Vicks VapoPad trademarks for scent pads. Most Vicks VapoSteam and VapoPads are used in Vicks humidifiers, vaporizers and other health care devices already marketed by Helen of Troy.
Later that same year in July, the company announced the sale of 43 of its beauty brands to Coty, a beauty-product manufacturer, in a US$13 billion deal. It cited sluggish growth of its beauty division as the reason for the divestiture. The sale was completed on October 3, 2016.
In February 2016, P&G completed the transfer of Duracell to Berkshire Hathaway through an exchange of shares.
In December 2018, Procter & Gamble completed the acquisition of the consumer health division of Merck Group (known as EMD Serono in North America) for €3.4 billion ($4.2 billion) and renamed it as Procter & Gamble Health Limited in May 2019.
In November 2018, P&G unveiled a simpler corporate structure with six business units that will be effective from July 2019.
Finances
For the fiscal year 2018, Procter & Gamble reported earnings of US$9.750 billion, with an annual revenue of US$66.832 billion, an increase of 2.7% over the previous fiscal cycle. Procter & Gamble's Shares traded at over $86 per share in 2017, and its market capitalization was valued at over US$221.5 billion in October 2018. Procter & Gamble ranked No. 42 on the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.
Carbon footprint
Procter & Gamble reported Total CO2e emissions (Scope 1 and Scope 2) for the twelve months ending December 31, 2020, at 2,619 Kt (-1,441 /-35.5% y-o-y). In September 2021, P&G set a new ambition to achieve net zero emissions across its operations and supply chain by 2040.
Operations
, the company structure has been categorized into ten categories and six selling and market organizations.
Categories
Management and staff
Board of Directors
The board of directors of Procter & Gamble currently has 12 members.
Previous members of the board include:
W. James McNerney, Jr.
Nelson Peltz
Scott Cook
Frank Blake
In May 2011, Fortune editor-at-large Patricia Sellers praised P&G's board diversity, as five of the company's 11 directors were female and had all been on Fortune's annual Most Powerful Women list.
In March 2011, Rajat Gupta resigned from the board after a SEC accusation of Galleon Group insider trading.
In May 2013, Robert A. McDonald announced his retirement and was replaced by A.G. Lafley, who returned as chairman, president, and CEO.
Procter & Gamble is a member of the U.S. Global Leadership Coalition, a Washington, DC-based coalition of over 400 major companies and NGOs that advocates for a larger international affairs budget, which funds American diplomatic and development efforts abroad.
Senior Executives
Executive Chairman of the Board – David S. Taylor
President & Chief Executive Officer – Jon R. Moeller
Chief Operating Officer – Shailesh G. Jejurikar
Employer recognition
Fortune magazine awarded P&G a top spot on its list of "Global Top Companies for Leaders", and ranked the company at 15th place of the "World's Most Admired Companies" list. Chief Executive magazine named P&G the best overall company for leadership development in its list of the "40 Best Companies for Leaders".
In October 2008, P&G was named one of "Canada's Top 100 Employers" by Mediacorp Canada Inc. and was featured in Maclean's newsmagazine. Later that month, P&G was also named one of Greater Toronto's Top Employers, which was announced by the Toronto Star newspaper.
In October 2013, the company was named the fourth-most in-demand employer in the world according to analytic data sourced by LinkedIn.
In August 2013, P&G was named the 14th-hardest company to interview for by Glassdoor. In November 2013, Glassdoor also named them as a top 25 company for career opportunities. In February 2014, Glassdoor placed P&G 34th on their annual Best Places to Work list.
In November 2014, P&G came out publicly in support of same-sex marriage in a statement made by William Gipson, P&G's chief global diversity officer.
In November 2015, P&G was named the Careers in Africa Employer of Choice 2015 following a survey of over 13,000 African professionals from across the globe. P&G was also recognized as the most desirable FMCG business to work for in Africa.
In 2016 and 2017, P&G was recognized as one of Forbes World's Most Reputable Companies.
Brands
As of 2015, 21 of P&G's brands have more than a billion dollars in net annual sales. Most of these brands—including Bounty, Crest, Always, and Tide—are global products available on several continents. In 2005, Proctor & Gamble made a $57 billion deal to buy Gillette, which combined some of the world's top brands including, signature razors, Duracell batteries, Braun, and Oral-B brands. P&G's products are available in North America, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand.
In 2018, P&G's fabric and home care division accounted for 32% of the company's total net sales, the highest of all its divisions. The division includes Downy, Gain, Tide, Febreze, and Dawn.
According to Advertising Age, Procter & Gamble spent $4.3 billion advertising their various brands in the United States in 2015, making it the top advertiser in the country.
Manufacturing operations are based in these countries:
Competitive innovation
In the 2021 review of WIPO's annual World Intellectual Property Indicators Procter & Gamble ranked ninth in the world, with 57 designs in industrial design registrations being published under the Hague System during 2020. This position is down on their previous sixth-place ranking for 65 industrial design registrations being published in 2019.
Radio and television production
Procter & Gamble produced and sponsored the first radio serial dramas in the 1930s. As the company was known for Ivory soap, the serials became known as "soap operas". With the rise of television in the 1950s and 1960s, most of the new serials were sponsored, produced and owned (20 series) by the company (including The Guiding Light, which had begun as a radio serial, and made the transition to television lasting 72 years). Though the last P&G-produced show, As the World Turns, left the air in 2010, The Young and the Restless, produced by Sony Pictures Television and broadcast on CBS, is still partially sponsored by Procter & Gamble; as of 2017, it is the only remaining daytime drama that is partially sponsored by Procter & Gamble.
These past serials were produced by Procter & Gamble:
Another World
As the World Turns
The Brighter Day
The Catlins
The Edge of Night
The First Hundred Years
From These Roots
Guiding Light
Lovers and Friends / For Richer, for Poorer
Our Private World
Search for Tomorrow
Somerset
Texas
Young Doctor Malone
Procter & Gamble also was the first company to produce and sponsor a prime-time serial, a 1965 spin-off of As the World Turns called Our Private World. In 1979, PGP produced Shirley, a prime-time NBC series starring Shirley Jones, which lasted 13 episodes. They also produced TBS' first original comedy series, Down to Earth, which ran from 1984 to 1987 (110 episodes were produced). They also distributed the syndicated comedy series Throb. In 1985, they produced a game-show pilot called The Buck Stops Here with Taft Entertainment Television in 1985, hosted by Jim Peck; it was not picked up. Procter & Gamble Productions originally co-produced Dawson's Creek with Columbia TriStar Television but withdrew before the series premiere due to early press reviews. They also produced the 1991 TV movie A Triumph of the Heart: The Ricky Bell Story, which was co-produced by The Landsburg Company, and they continued to produce the People's Choice Awards until the show was sold to E! channel in April 2017. In 2007, PGP teamed up with the now-defunct Cookie Jar Group to produce the Flash-animated children's series Will and Dewitt, which featured the character Dewitt, the mascot for the Pampers baby product line's former sub-brand, Kandoo.
With Walmart, PGP sponsored Family Movie Night on broadcast networks in 2010–2011 and Walden Family Theater on the Hallmark Channel in 2013.
In 2013, PGP rebranded itself as Procter & Gamble Entertainment (PGE) with a new logo and an emphasis on multiple-platform entertainment production.
P&G funded a six-episode series, Activate, on National Geographic in 2019 focusing on extreme poverty, inequality and sustainability in conjunction with not-for-profit Global Citizen and production company Radical Media. The company agreed to a longform series deal with Stone Village Television in January 2020. In February 2020, P&G joined Imagine Documentaries' five project slate including Mars 2080, the project closest to production.
Sponsorships
In addition to its self-produced items through PGE, Procter & Gamble also supports many Spanish-language novellas through advertising on all networks: Azteca América, Estrella TV, Galavisión, Telemundo, UniMás and Univisión. P&G was one of the first mainstream advertisers on Spanish-language TV during the mid-1980s. By the late 1990s, P&G was established as the largest advertiser on Spanish-language media.
In 2008, P&G expanded into music sponsorship when it joined Island Def Jam to create Tag Records, named after a body spray that P&G acquired from Gillette. In 2010, after the cancellation of As the World Turns, PGP announced they were phasing out soap opera production and expanding into more family-appropriate programming.
Procter & Gamble also gave a $100,000 contract to the winners of Cycles 1 through 3 of Canada's Next Top Model, wherein Andrea Muizelaar, Rebecca Hardy, and Meaghan Waller won the prize.
Procter & Gamble has been a major sponsor of the Summer Olympics since 2012. It sponsored 150 athletes at the London games that year. They have also sponsored the Winter Olympics since 2014. It will do so at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France besides the 2026 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo/Milan, Italy. The company's sponsorship includes television ads in which Olympic athletes are portrayed as children to convey the sense that the mothers of these athletes still remember them as infants; other ads stress how Olympic mothers stood by their children through years of training all the way through to Olympic success. 2016's ad for the Rio Games notes upheavals as youths by an American gymnast, Chinese swimmer, Brazilian volleyballer, and German distance runner. The ads all make prominent use of the Ludovico Einaudi orchestral track "Divenire" and related such instrumentals.
The company has actively developed or sponsored numerous online communities, e.g. BeingGirl.com (launched in 2000) and Women.com. , the company had 72 "highly stylized destination sites".
Controversies
Price fixing
In April 2011, P&G was fined €211.2 million by the European Commission for establishing a price-fixing cartel for washing powder in Europe along with Unilever, which was fined €104 million, and Henkel. Though the fine was set higher at first, it was discounted by 10% after P&G and Unilever admitted running the cartel. As the provider of the tip-off leading to investigations, Henkel was not fined.
Toxic shock syndrome and tampons
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a disease caused by strains of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Most people have these bacteria living in their bodies as harmless commensals in places such as the nose, skin, and vagina. The disease can strike anyone, not only women, but the disease is often associated with tampons.
In 1980, 814 menstrual-related TSS cases were reported; 38 deaths resulted from the disease. The majority of women in these cases were documented as using super-absorbent synthetic tampons, particularly the Rely tampon created by Procter & Gamble. Unlike other tampons made of cotton and rayon, Rely used carboxymethylcellulose and compressed beads of polyester for absorption.
In the summer of 1980, the Centers for Disease Control released a report explaining how these bacterial mechanisms were leading to TSS. They also stated that the Rely tampon was associated with TSS more than any other brand of tampon. In September 1980, Procter & Gamble voluntarily recalled its Rely brand of tampons from the market. Since the 1980s, reported cases of TSS have dramatically decreased.
Child labor and forced labor
According to a 2016 report by Amnesty International, palm oil provider Wilmar International, the world's biggest palm oil grower in 2016 and supplier of raw materials to Procter & Gamble, profited from 8 to 14-year-old child labor and forced labor. Some workers were extorted, threatened, or not paid for work. Some workers also suffered severe injuries from toxic banned chemicals.
Animal testing
Procter & Gamble has received criticism from animal advocacy group PETA for the practice of testing on animals.
On June 30, 1999, Procter & Gamble announced that it would limit its animal testing practices to its food and drug products which represented less than 20% of its product portfolio. The company invested more than $275 million in the development of alternative testing methods.
Other products
In 2002, P&G was sued for its ads falsely suggesting to the consumers that the drug Prilosec could cure heartburn in a day. In December 2005, the Pharmaceutical division of P&G was involved in a dispute over research involving its osteoporosis drug Actonel. The case was discussed in the media.
Logo myth and Satanism accusations
P&G's former logo originated in 1851 as a crude cross that barge workers on the Ohio River painted on cases of P&G star candles to identify them. P&G later changed this symbol into a trademark that showed a man in the Moon overlooking 13 stars, said to commemorate the original Thirteen Colonies.
The company received unwanted media publicity in the 1980s due to rumors, spread largely by Amway distributors, that the Moon-and-stars logo was a satanic symbol. The accusation was based on a particular passage in the Bible, specifically Revelation 12:1, which states: "And there appeared a great wonder in heaven; a woman clothed with the sun, the moon under her feet and upon her head a crown of 12 stars." P&G's logo consisted of a man's face on the Moon surrounded by 13 stars. Some claimed that the logo was a mockery of the heavenly symbol alluded to in the aforementioned verse, thus construing the logo to be satanic. Where the flowing beard meets the surrounding circle, three curls were said to be a mirror image of the number 666, or the reflected number of the beast. At the top and bottom, the hair curls in on itself and was said to be the two horns like those of a ram. The moon-and-stars logo was claimed to be discontinued in 1985 in a failed attempt to quash the rumors. In 1991, details of the logo were simplified to avoid the connection and remove aspects alleged to indicate Satanist affiliations. The company moved to a text-only logo in 1995, though in 2013 it unveiled a new logo with a hint of a crescent moon behind the text.
These interpretations have been denied by company officials and no evidence linking the company to the Church of Satan or any other occult organization has ever been presented. The company unsuccessfully sued Amway from 1995 to 2003 over rumors forwarded through a company voice-mail system in 1995. In 2007, the company successfully sued individual Amway distributors for reviving and propagating the false rumors. The Church of Satan denies being supported by Procter & Gamble.
Reverse domain name hijacking
In March 2013, P&G was found by a World Intellectual Property Organization panel to have engaged in reverse domain hijacking in an attempt to obtain the domain name "swash.com" from Marchex in a Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy proceeding. P&G originally stated it had generated more than $40 million in sales of its Swash laundry products over four years, a figure it later revised to $60,000. After losing the case P&G purchased the domain name from Marchex. In 2013 attorney John Berryhill suggested that P&G did not intend to use the swash.com domain to market its existing range, as it had said, but rather a new product described in a 2011 trademark application as "An appliance for domestic use in the nature of a garment steamer for the purpose of removing wrinkles and odors from clothing and linen". Berryhill's theory was shown to be accurate after swash.com went live in June 2014.
"The Talk"
In 2017, as part of the "My Black is Beautiful" platform, P&G released an advertisement called "The Talk". The advertisement shows African American mothers throughout the decades giving their children "the talk" about racism. The advertisement garnered controversy for several different reasons. Some people criticized the advertisement for not showing any fathers giving "the talk", while others accused it of being anti-white. One scene shows a mother warning her daughter about being pulled over by the police. The daughter responds by saying that she is a good driver so her mother doesn't need to worry about her getting a ticket. The mother then implies that she might experience police brutality by being racially profiled and killed. Several police officers and police groups accused that part of the advertisement of being anti-cop. "The Talk" was accused by Michelle Malkin of National Review of being "liberal advertising". Malkin also called the advertisement "Black Lives Matter propaganda" and accused it of pandering and using identity politics. Despite the criticism, the advertisement also received a lot of positive reception and praise with some calling it "powerful" and "thought-provoking". The advertisement has also won several awards including the 2018 Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity Grand Prix and the 2018 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Commercial during the 70th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards.
Gillette ad
On January 14, 2019, P&G subsidiary Gillette released a controversial advertisement called "The Best Men Can Be", ostensibly to address negative behavior among men, including bullying, sexism, sexual misconduct, and toxic masculinity. The ad was the subject of controversy and was received negatively by various online commentators, becoming one of the most disliked videos on YouTube.
The ad led to calls for boycott of Gillette and Procter & Gamble. Later in the year, its Gillette shaving business took an $8 billion write-down in value, although the company and analysts pointed to accumulated currency fluctuations, the entrance of strong rivals and decline in the demand for shaving products since the division's previous valuation in 2005, rather than fallout from the ad.
Trade in Russia amid Ukraine war
The National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption of Ukraine have put P&G on the list of international sponsors of the war. According to the NAPC, P&G has two factories operating in Russia (the Gillette razor manufacturing plant in Saint Petersburg and a toiletries manufacturing plant in Tula oblast), thus contributing to the Russian federal budget and financing Russian war crimes. It was named "an international sponsor of war" by the Ukrainian government after Russia obliged all large companies operating in the country "to contribute directly to its war effort". It was placed on the list alongside Bacardi and Unilever.
Corporate diversity
In January 2019, CEO David Taylor said in Switzerland: "The world would be a better place if my board of directors on down is represented by 50% of the women. We sell our products to more than 50% of the women." Also in January 2019, The Wall Street Journal noted the company's board of directors had more than twice as many men as it does women. As of mid-2020, the board of P&G consisted of an equal number of men and women.
CEO-to-worker pay ratio
For the first time in 2018, a new Securities and Exchange Commission rule mandated under the 2010 Dodd-Frank financial reform requires publicly traded companies to disclose how their CEOs are compensated in comparison with their employees. In public filings, companies have to disclose their “Pay Ratios,” or the CEO's compensation divided by the median employee's. According to SEC filings, P&G paid its CEO $17,354,256 in 2017. In 2021, the median employee of Procter & Gamble was compensated $66,326 in 2017, and ratio between CEO pay to median worker pay was 309-to-1, compared to median of 141-to-1 across the S&P500 and the Russell 1000.
References
Further reading
Kominicki, John, "James Gamble's Candles and Soap Lit Up Profit: Do It Right: He Helped Put P&G on an Ethical Path to Top", Los Angeles: Investor's Business Daily, March 6, 2015, p. A3.
McGuigan, Lee, "Procter & Gamble, Mass Media, and the Making of American Life", Media, Culture, and Society 37 (September 2015), pp. 887–903. .
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The Thomasites were a group of 600 American teachers who traveled from the United States to the newly occupied territory of the Philippines on the U.S. Army Transport Thomas. The group included 346 men and 180 women, hailing from 43 different states and 193 colleges, universities, and normal schools. The term 'Thomasites' has since expanded to include any teacher who arrived in the first few years of the American colonial period of the Philippines.
Thomas carried nearly 500 Thomasites, who arrived in Manila in August 1901. They represented 192 institutions, including Harvard (19), Yale (15), Cornell (13), University of Chicago (8), University of Michigan (24), University of California (25), Albion College (1), Alma College (2), Kalamazoo College (1), the Michigan State Normal School at Ypsilanti (now Eastern Michigan University) (6), and Olivet College (3).
Foundation, purpose and etymology
The Thomasites arrived in the Philippines on August 21, 1901, to establish a new public school system, to teach basic education, and to train Filipino teachers, with English as the medium of instruction. Adeline Knapp, Thomasite and author of The Story of the Philippines, said:
Philippines had enjoyed a public school system since 1863, when a Spanish decree first introduced public elementary education in the Philippines. The Thomasites, however, expanded and improved the public school system and switched to English as the medium of instruction.
The name Thomasite was derived from the United States Army Transport Thomas which brought the educators to the shores of Manila Bay. Although two groups of new American graduates arrived in the Philippines before Thomas, the name Thomasite became the designation of all pioneer American teachers simply because Thomas had the largest contingent. Later batches of American teachers were also dubbed Thomasites.
The Thomasites—365 males and 165 females—left Pier 12 of San Francisco on July 23, 1901, to sail via the Pacific Ocean to South East Asia. The U.S. government spent about $105,000 for the expedition (). More American teachers followed the Thomasites in 1902, making a total of about 1,074 stationed in the Philippines.</ref> On January 20, 1901, Act No. 74 formalized the creation of the department.
At the time, the Thomasites were offered $125 a month (), but once in the Philippines salaries were often delayed and were usually paid in devalued Mexican pesos.
Although the Thomasites were the largest group of pioneers with the purpose of educating the Filipinos, they were not the first to be deployed by Washington, D.C. A few weeks before the arrival of Thomas, U.S. Army soldiers had already begun teaching Filipinos the English language, thus in effect laying the foundation of the Philippine public school system. The U.S. Army opened the Philippines' first public school in Corregidor Island, after Admiral George Dewey vanquished the Spanish Pacific fleet in Manila Bay on May 1, 1898. Also, a few weeks before the arrival of Thomas, another group composed of 48 American teachers also arrived in the Philippines, aboard the USAT Sheridan.
After President William McKinley's appointment of William Howard Taft as the head of a commission that would be responsible for continuing the educational work started by the U.S. Army, the Taft Commission passed Education Act No. 74 on January 21, 1901, which established the Department of Public Instruction. The latter was then given the task of establishing a public school system throughout the Philippines. The Taft Commission also authorized the further deployment of 1,000 more educators from the U.S. to the Philippines.
Assignments
After being quarantined for two days after their arrival on August 21, 1901, the Thomasites were finally able to disembark from the Thomas. They traveled from the customs house near the Anda Circle then stayed at the walled city Intramuros, Manila before being given initial provincial assignments which included Albay, Catanduanes, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, Masbate, Samar, Zambales, Aparri, Jolo, Negros, Cebu, Dumaguete, Bulacan, Bataan, Batangas, Pangasinan and Tarlac.
Curriculum 1902–1935
The Thomasites taught the following subjects: English, agriculture, reading, grammar, geography, mathematics, general courses, trade courses, housekeeping and household arts (sewing, crocheting and cooking), manual trading, mechanical drawing, freehand drawing and athletics (baseball, track and field, tennis, indoor baseball and basketball).
Legacy
The Thomasites built upon the Spanish school system created in 1863 and the contributions laid down by the U.S. Army. They built elementary schools and learning institutions such as the Philippine Normal School, formerly the Escuela Normal de Maestros during the Spanish period (now Philippine Normal University) and the Philippine School of Arts and Trades, formerly the Escuela Central de Artes y Oficios de Manila (now Technological University of the Philippines) in 1901, the Tarlac High School on September 21, 1902, and the Tayabas High School (now Quezon National High School), on October 2, 1902.
The Thomasites also reopened the Philippine Nautical School, which was originally established by the Board of Commerce of Manila in 1839 under Spain. About a hundred of the Thomasites stayed on to live in the Philippines after finishing their teaching assignments. They transformed the Philippines into the third largest English-speaking nation in the world and became the precursors of the present-day U.S. Peace Corps Volunteers.
For their contribution to Philippine education, the Thomasites Centennial Project was established in cooperation with American Studies associations in the Philippines, the Philippine-American Educational Foundation, the Embassy of the United States of America in Manila, and other leading cultural and educational institutions in the Philippines.
The municipality of New Washington, Aklan was named after U.S. President George Washington as a tribute to the Thomasites.
List of some Thomasite teachers
Harry Borgstadt, Division Superintendent, Occidental Negros, in Philippines for 14 years, eventually became an auditor for the US Government in Washington D.C.
Edwin Copeland, first dean of UP College of Agriculture and founder of the University of the Philippines at Los Baños.
Austin Craig, an American expert on José Rizal
A.V.H. Hartendorp, the founder and publisher of the Philippine Magazine
Adeline Knapp
Henry Nash, former member of Theodore Roosevelt's Rough Riders
Philinda Rand
Dr. Horace Brinsmade Silliman, founder of Silliman University
Frank Russell White, founder of Tarlac Provincial High School (now Tarlac National High School), the oldest public high school in the Philippines
Carter G. Woodson, African-American historian
Marius John, author of the "Philippine Saga" (1940) who was stationed at Baao, Camarines Sur in 1902
See also
History of the Philippines
Americans in the Philippines
Philippine English
John Stuart Thomson
References
External links
The Log of the "Thomas" (archived from the original on 2001-10-03).
American expatriates in the Philippines
Education in the Philippines
1901 establishments in the Philippines
1901 in the Philippines
History of the Philippines (1898–1946) |
The 2013 LET Access Series was a series of professional women's golf tournaments held from March through November 2013 across Europe. The LET Access Series is the second-tier women's professional golf tour in Europe and is the official developmental tour of the Ladies European Tour.
Tournament results
The table below shows the 2013 schedule. The numbers in brackets after the winners' names show the number of career wins they had on the LET Access Series up to and including that event.
Order of Merit rankings
The top five players on the LETAS Order of Merit earn LET membership for the Ladies European Tour. Players finishing in positions 6–20 get to skip the first stage of the qualifying event and automatically progress to the final stage of the Lalla Aicha Tour School.
See also
2013 Ladies European Tour
2013 in golf
References
External links
LET Access Series seasons
LET Access Series
LET Access Series |
David Cienciala (born 1 December 1995) is a Czech professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing for HC Dynamo Pardubice of the Czech Extraliga.
Cienciala made his Czech Extraliga debut playing with HC Oceláři Třinec during the 2014-15 Czech Extraliga season.
References
External links
1995 births
Living people
HC Oceláři Třinec players
Czech ice hockey forwards
Sportspeople from Třinec
Ice hockey people from the Moravian-Silesian Region
BK Mladá Boleslav players
HC Dynamo Pardubice players
LHK Jestřábi Prostějov players
Lukko players
Czech expatriate ice hockey players in Finland
HC Frýdek-Místek players |
The Accumulated Winter Season Severity Index or AWSSI provides a scientific way to compare the severity of a winter relative to its weather history. Points are assigned daily based on the maximum and minimum temperature, snowfall and snow depth for a specific site and accumulated through the winter. The index can be used for historical comparisons, road maintenance and to understand how severe a current winter is.
History
The AWSSI was originally developed in 2015 by researchers Barbara E. Mayes Boustead, Steven D. Hilberg, Martha D. Shulski and Kenneth G. Hubbard. The index was developed to "to examine relationships to teleconnection patterns, determine trends, and create sector-specific applications, as well as to analyze an ongoing winter or any individual winter season to place its severity in context."
Calculation
Values are assigned on a daily basis based on the maximum and minimum temperature, 24-hour snowfall and depth of snow on the ground. Values start being calculated at the start of winter. The start of winter is defined when any of these conditions are met: 1) daily maximum temperature ≤ 32°F (0°C), 2) first measurable snowfall or 3) it is December 1st. Likewise, values stop being calculated at the end of winter - when the last of the following four conditions occurs: 1) daily maximum temperature ≤ 32°F (0°C) no longer occurs, 2) no daily measurable snowfall, 3) daily snow depth ≥ 1.0 in. (2.5 cm) is no longer observed, or 4) it is March 1st.
AWSSI Climatology
See Also
Regional Snowfall Index
References
External Links
Winter Season Severity Index (AWSSI)
Hazard scales
Meteorological quantities
National Centers for Environmental Prediction |
Truth-default theory (TDT) is a communication theory which predicts and explains the use of veracity and deception detection in humans. It was developed upon the discovery of the veracity effect - whereby the proportion of truths versus lies presented in a judgement study on deception will drive accuracy rates. This theory gets its name from its central idea which is the truth-default state. This idea suggests that people presume others to be honest because they either don't think of deception as a possibility during communicating or because there is insufficient evidence that they are being deceived. Emotions, arousal, strategic self-presentation, and cognitive effort are nonverbal behaviors that one might find in deception detection. Ultimately this theory predicts that speakers and listeners will default to use the truth to achieve their communicative goals. However, if the truth presents a problem, then deception will surface as a viable option for goal attainment.
Background
As an alternative view of deception and detection, truth-default theory was introduced by Timothy R. Levine. Levine is a Professor and Chair of Communication Studies at University of Alabama Birmingham. While experimenting with deception detection, Levine found that, even in high suspicion situations, truth-bias still occurred. At first, truth-bias was thought of as flawed cognitive processing but later found to be functional and adaptive. After enough focus on truth-bias, truth-default theory began to take shape.
Deception
Knowing that you are intentionally misleading a person when communicating with them is considered deception. Deception in most cases is looked at as a negative thing that often leads to feeling of betrayal and distrust. There are several different types of deception such as lies, equivocations, concealments, exaggerations, and understatements. There are many reasons why people choose to use deception. Based on interpersonal deception theory, people often use deception to avoid punishment, maintain relationships, and preserve self image.
Deception motives
Deception motives refer to the theory that the majority of individuals only lie when they deem it unavoidable. People communicate honestly or choose to deceive with the same intention to achieve one goal, and when the truth allows that goal to be reached, people will not lie. It is only when the truth serves as an obstacle to their goal that people choose to deceive instead of using honest communication. Also, when deceivers try to save their self image and want to avoid hurting the other person, they use falsification tactics. Males tend to view deception more acceptable than females, therefore they tend to deceive more. Another study shows that women are more likely to deceive to protect their partner's self image, while men are more likely to deceive to protect themselves. For example, if a women's partner were to get a new haircut that she did not like she is more prone to lie and say she likes it to protect their self-image. A man might tell others that they make more money than they actually do in order to raise their self-image. Being able to successfully detect deception does not come easily to most, and that is why so many people are just automatically truth-biased. Studies have shown that people who are successful at detecting deception either receive a confession by the deceiver or has some preexisting knowledge of the situation.
Truth bias
Truth bias is people's inclination towards believing, to some degree, the communication of another person, regardless of whether or not that person is actually lying or being untruthful. It is human nature to believe communication is honest, which in turn makes humans highly vulnerable to deception. Consequently, a person's ability to detect deception is weakened, particularly when the source of deception is unfamiliar. As long as a person already has the perception that everything they are told is true, they are still considered to be truth-biased.
The term "truth bias" was first coined in 1984 by deception researcher Steven McCornack and his mentor Malcolm "Mac" Parks, while conducting an experiment that led to them to posit the McCornack-Parks Model of Deception Detection. On page 24 of Zuckerman, DePaulo, and Rosenthal's meta-analysis, the authors described having observed a "truthfulness bias" in which detectors under certain conditions were more likely to perceive truthfulness in sources. Parks and McCornack had observed the same pattern amongst dating partners, and so they shortened the name to "truth bias," and added it to their causal model. In subsequent works, McCornack and fellow deception scholar Timothy Levine broadened its inclusiveness to enfold a general tendency toward judging the communication of others as truthful. An example of truth bias is if a person were given a series of truths and lies, generally, the accuracy with which they detect truths would likely be above 50%, and the accuracy with which they detect lies would likely be below 50%. The results of deception research conducted by Timothy Levine illustrates that this is due in part to the "truth-lie base-rate," which is a part of the "Park-Levine Probability Model."
The theory states that there are two reasons an individual will assume the communication is honest:
Failure of the individual to "actively consider the possibility of deceit at all."
The default human state the individual goes to because they cannot find evidence of being lied to.
This is the central premise to the truth-default theory. Unless an individual finds active evidence to believe they are being deceived, the individual will take the communication as honest. This concept is also referred to as The Projective Motive Model, or the idea that individuals are less vulnerable to deception when they are already suspicious of the communication.
Individuals' detection of deception also relies on the person's ability to pick up on verbal and non-verbal cues. Generally, non-verbal communication is more difficult for an individual to disguise than untruthful statements. Nonverbal manipulation of one's truth bias depends on a person's physical presence and ability to "sell" untruthful communication.
The veracity effect
The veracity effect is the tendency for people's accuracy in judging truth to be significantly higher than it is for judging lies. Accuracy in communication can be based on whether the message is honest or not. Messages that are honest tend to have higher accuracy than messages that are not honest. If a message is true, there is a better chance an individual would be able to accurately detect that it is true and not a lie. According to Timothy Levine, veracity effect came from truth-bias in observers. Veracity (or honesty) is the truthfulness of a statement. Veracity can be influenced by weird behavior or norm violations. Behaviors that go against the social norm of truth telling such as teeth grinding, averting eye contact, and abnormally stretching, create the perception of deception. Tim Levine refers to these behaviors as creating a "negative halo effect". Other factors that may influence a person's accuracy of deception detection include the falsifiability and infrequency of reported events. Truth bias plays a role and is rooted in the veracity effect, as well as truth default, which goes hand in hand with its results.
As humans, we are not very accurate when detecting lies from the truth. It is thought that we are approximately only fifty to sixty percent capable of detecting deception. With these odds, we hardly have the upper hand on a game of chance at telling whether or not to trust what we are being told. There are several reasons behind why we are incapable of detecting deception, one of the most significant being the fact that not all people show the same tell tale signs when they are lying. It is commonly thought that avoiding eye contact, inability to sit still, nervousness in the voice, etc. are accurate ways to tell that someone is lying. However, someone who is being truthful might partake in these "suspicious" behaviors simply as part of their personal mannerisms. On the other hand, someone who is being deceitful may not show signs of deception at all, thus creating a gap in the capability of humans to detect deceptions.
The probing effect
The probing effect is when a person that is questioned gives minimal answers truthfully rather than answering accurately. The interviewer is more likely to believe the interviewee when they know he or she is being honest rather than providing an identical answer. Questioning of a source makes it more likely that they are believable, and this increases the receivers truth-bias. With research, they find that the increase in truth bias and not on the grounds of seeing the little to no impact on the accuracy of the questioning. Although the probing effect can be controversial when it comes to explaining just why it happens, researchers attempt to explain through the sender behavioral adaptation (the BAE, Behavioral Adaptation Explanation). BAE states that interviewees will adapt in order to appear as "honest." It was found that the probing effect was held when the senders behavior was controlled and the explanation was resided in receiver cognition.
Critiques
If the probability of predicting deception was truly 50%, then with repeated trials, the influences of both truth bias and the veracity effect would be negated and eventually the accuracy of detection would become an even 50%. There has been some academic research to support this idea, with truth bias decreasing over time while overall accuracy increased.
There are also different perspectives on how people make a decision of whether someone is lying or telling the truth. The Adaptive Lie Detector account (ALIED) argues that people do not default to believe information is true. Instead, people examine the clues that are available about the current statement being assessed (called 'individuating cues') and information that generalises across statements in this context (called 'context-general information'). When individuating cues are highly diagnostic (e.g., Pinocchio's nose is a perfect predictor of his deception), ALIED claims that people rely on this information heavily to make their decision, but when these individuating cues are unreliable (e.g., the speaker avoids eye contact, which is not a reliable clue to deception), information about statements in general weighs more heavily into forming the decision. Because people tend to tell the truth more often than they lie (e.g., ) and because individuating cues are typically not diagnostic, ALIED argues that this is why people are biased to believe others show the truth bias: it is not a default of honesty (as TDT would claim), but an adaptive and functional decision that reflects the best understanding one can obtain when the cues in the environment are not very diagnostic. ALIED is able to explain why in certain circumstances, such as when people are trained to spot lies or operate in environments where deception is common, people are biased to judge others as lying (a "lie bias", e.g. )
Sender honest demeanor
Sender demeanor refers to the believability in a message and how people will believe this idea. It has been stated to be the most influential source of variation in deception detection. Demeanor refers to the behavior displayed by one person to express desirable or undesirable qualities. When considering the demeanor of an approachable or well liked person, socialization or character training comes to mind for people who are defined as well-demeaned.
Truth-default theory vs. Information manipulation theory
Truth Default Theory (TDT) is the analysis of human communication as it is received as an incoming message. This is not to be confused with Information Manipulation Theory (IMT) which analyzes the use of truth from the sender, seeking to understand how natural "truth telling" is. While TDT implies that humans have a truth bias when sending information, IMT addresses in detail the perspective of the sender. IMT declares that in order for humans to rely on defective communication it must be efficient otherwise honest communication is preferred by the sender. Therefore, IMT declares that truth telling is not the automatic/default form of communication despite our beliefs of human communication; furthermore declaring that lying may be a natural response if it warrants efficiency. Motivation might be explained why these two theories diverge both in theory and lines of research. The hypothesis that arose from these two theories is that lying may come naturally, or more naturally than truth telling. Lying might be an automatic response. Some of the reasons that lying might be an automatic response can be referenced to why people choose to use deception, for example maintaining a self image. When people are communicating they usually have a core belief that what the other person is saying is truthful. A lot of Supposed which supports TDT is data showing most people report to usually tell the truth and the tendency for people to believe that communication is usually more truthful than deceptive. IMT has more to do with humans wanting to maximize efficiency in communication.
Cognitive psychology
Researchers have looked into individuals’ cognitive effort when choosing between a lie or the truth. Lying has been proven to be more difficult for the brain to process than telling the truth, they have found that lying increases activity in various brain regions. It takes the brain longer to formulate a deceptive answer than it does a truthful answer when a person is asked to answer questions at a faster speed. Overall, the truth is the first thing that comes to mind for a person in most situations. A humans mind is flexible enough to adapt in certain situations when needing to be deceptive, there are just certain variable and time restraints that arise from it.
Social psychology
Social Psychology has explored whether the tendency to tell the truth prevails. When a lie serves a person's self-interest they might be more prone to lying because it ends in a positive result for them. As noted before, self-interest has been found to be the driving force for people to practice deception. People are most prone to lie after engaging in a depleting task, when they are sleep deprived, and later in the day compared to when they first wake up.
The power of motivation
Both IMC2 and TDT have shown that motivation could be the driving force between people's responses to either lie or tell the truth. Whether it is being entrusted to lie or given the opportunity to lie, most findings show is a trend in how the lie serves self-interest. TDT has shown that lying is a default option if it in some way serves in self-interest of a person. IMC2 supports that one is consistent with lying when they have something to gain or not lose from lying or telling the truth.
Modules
Timothy R. Levine, a Communication studies scholar at the University of Alabama at Birmingham states that several effects, models, and mini-theories comprise the truth-default theory. The logical structure can be reflected in 12 different propositions and contains 13 modules, effects, and mini-theories. Each of these modules are independent ideas which contribute to the truth-default theory as a whole. These are the Few Prolific Liars Model, the Deception Motives Module, the Projected Motive Model, the Veracity Effect, the Park–Levine Probability Model, the A Few Transparent Liars, the Sender Honest Demeanor module, and the How People Really Detect Lies module.
References
Communication studies
Interpersonal communication |
Eduard Teodorovich Vinokurov (; October 30, 1942 – February 10, 2010) was a Soviet Russian Olympic champion and world champion sabre fencer.
Early and personal life
Vinokurov was born in the village of Baizhansai, South Kazakhstan Province, Kazakh SSR, and was Jewish. He attended and graduated from the Higher School of Trainers at the Leningrad Institute of Physical Culture in 1966.
Fencing career
Vinokurov began fencing in 1956. He trained at the Armed Forces sports society in Leningrad.
He was the USSR sabre champion in 1966, and won three silver medals (1969, 1972, and 1973) and three bronze medals (1968, 1970, 1976). Vinokurov also won the Soviet Cup three times (1965, 1967, and 1972). Vinokurov won the European Cup in the team event five consecutive years, from 1967 to 1971.
Vinokurov was named an Honoured Master of Sports of the USSR in 1968. After his competitive career, Vinokurov worked as a fencing coach in St. Petersburg and became an international fencing referee.
World Championships
A member of the USSR National sabre team since 1966, Vinokurov won the gold medal in the team competition at the World Fencing Championships in 1967, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1974, and 1975, and also won silver medals at the World Championships in 1966 and 1973.
Olympic career
Vinokurov represented the Soviet Union in the team sabre event at the 1968, 1972, and 1976 Summer Olympics, winning 3 medals (gold medals in 1968 and 1976, and silver in 1972).
Hall of Fame
Vinokurov was inducted in 2007 into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.
See also
List of select Jewish fencers
References
External links
Eduard Vinokurov's biography at Jews in Sports
Biography of Eduard Vinokurov
Eduard Vinokurov's obituary
1942 births
2010 deaths
Soviet male sabre fencers
Russian male sabre fencers
Kazakhstani male sabre fencers
Jewish male sabre fencers
Olympic fencers for the Soviet Union
Fencers at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for the Soviet Union
Olympic silver medalists for the Soviet Union
Olympic medalists in fencing
Russian Jews
Jewish Kazakhstani sportspeople
International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame inductees
Medalists at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Burials at Bogoslovskoe Cemetery
People from Turkistan Region |
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