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Kuči (, ; ) is a historical tribe (pleme) of Albanian origin and a region in central and eastern Montenegro (Brda region), north-east of Podgorica, extending along the border with Albania. Processes of Slavicisation during the Ottoman era and onwards facilitated ethno-linguistic shifts within much of the community. As such, people from the Kuči today largely identify themselves as Montenegrins and Serbs, with a minority still identifying as Albanians. In other areas such as the Sandžak, many Muslim descendants of the Kuči today identify as Bosniaks.
The Kuči first appear in historical records in 1330 as a brotherhood from an Albanian katun under the jurisdiction of the Dečani Monastery. The region itself is first mentioned in 1485 as a nahiyah of the Sandjak of Shkodra. Over time, several waves of settlers came to populate the region and form the historical community of Kuči. The region is known for its resistance against Ottoman rule and its key role in the creation of modern Montenegro. Until the 17th century, the Kuči region was equally Orthodox and Catholic. Today, it is mostly Orthodox except for the Catholic community of Koja. Muslim converts appear since 1485. In the 17th and 18th centuries, both voluntarily and non-voluntarily many people from the pleme began to settle in the Plav-Gusinje, Rožaje and the wider Sandžak region. Many of their descendants identify as Muslim Bosniaks.
The history of the people of Kuči represents the diversity of the area and its location at the crossroads between different cultures and religions. Marko Miljanov (1833-1901), a national hero of Montenegro who led the tribe in the Montenegrin-Ottomans Wars in 1861–62 and 1876–78, Jakup Ferri (1832-1879), a national hero of Albania who fought against Miljanov's annexation of his home territory Plav to Montenegro and Muamer Zukorlić, a modern Bosniak politician in the Sandžak were all from Kuči.
Geography
The Kuči region is within the municipality of Podgorica and comprises almost all of eastern Podgorica, with the exception of Koći, which is part of the Tuzi Municipality. The unofficial Kuči centre is the Ubli village, which had 227 inhabitants in the 2011 Montenegrin census and houses several institutions like a culture hall, the "Đoko Prelević" elementary school, a hospital, a police station and a former fabric factory. Ubli is situated in Upper Kuči (Montenegrin and ) and includes the villages of Prelevići, Pavićevići, Živkovići, Kostrovići and Rajovići. The other villages of Upper Kuči are Medun, Orahovo, Bezjovo, Cvilin, Fundina, Koći, Kržanja, Kosor, Liješta, Dučići, Vrbica, Donje Stravče, Gornje Stravče, Zaugao, Brskut, Zagreda, Momče, Ubalac and Raći. Lower Kuči (Montenegrin and ) comprises the localities of Doljani, Murtovina, Stara Zlatica and Zlatica.
The Kuči region itself can be divided into two major historical sub-regions:
Old Kuči (Staro Kuči), Orthodox sub-tribe, which celebrates the Slava of Mitrovdan
Drekalovići (Novo Kuči), Orthodox sub-tribe, which celebrates the Slava of Nikoljdan
An area that is also considered part of the wider Kuči region is that of Koja, a Catholic Albanian tribe. It became part of Montenegro in 1880 and it includes the settlements of Koći and Fundina. The region of Koja stands between Triepshi in the south and Kuči proper in the north. The people of Koja are referred to as Kojanë.
Some villages stand between the Kuči sub-regions. For example, the village of Orahovo is located between Old Kuči and Koja. Other settlements that were once part of one Kuči tribal region moved over time to other regions.
Origins
Albanian in origin, Kuči underwent a process of gradual cultural integration into the neighbouring Slavic population. A Franciscan report of the 17th century illustrates the final stages of their acculturation. Its author writes that the Bratonožići, Piperi, Bjelopavlići and Kuči: nulla di meno essegno quasi tutti del rito serviano, e di lingua Illrica ponno piu presto dirsi Schiavoni, ch' Albanesi (since almost all of them use the Serbian rite and the Illyric language, soon they should be called Slavs, rather than Albanians).
Up until the end of the 15th century, the Kuči had not formed as a tribe. The first time they are mentioned in historical records is in 1330, in the second charter of the Dečani chrysobulls. There, they appear in the surname of Petar Kuč (), an individual from the Albanian katun (), possibly the leader of the Kuči brotherhood. The same Petar Kuč is mentioned again as the head of a household of the Albanian katun in the third charter of the Dečani monastery, which dates from 1343-1345. Contrary to most other villages mentioned in the Dečani chrysobulls, no indication is given on the location of the Albanian katun. Kuči is listed in the Venetian cadaster of 1416-7 of Shkodra, as a small village of eight households near the city itself. It was headed by a Jon Nada (a mistake from the scribe who wrote Nada instead of Nenada). Two other heads of households are sons of Nenad, Gjergj (Giergi in the original document) and Lazër (Lazzaro). A person married into the village is Jon Progani, who was married to Nesa (a diminutive of the name Nenada). His son, Gjin Progani was also a household head as were Jon Serapa and Gjergj Tina and Pali Samrishi. They paid one ducat per household in taxes to the Venetian governor of Scutari. Members of this brotherhood also lived in other villages in the area like in Shurdhani, where three out of six households were from Kuçi.
In 1455 the Kuči partook in an assembly alongside 50 other tribes of the Upper Zeta region. As a result of this assembly, the Lord of Zeta Stefan Crnojević was granted the consent and authority to sign an agreement with the Republic of Venice, according to which Zeta was placed under Venetian jurisdiction; albeit under the condition that the Metropolitan of Zeta would not be subordinated to the Catholic Church.
In the Ottoman defter of the Sanjak of Scutari in 1485, Kuči appears as a nahiye for the first time in its modern location. At this point, the nahiye of Kuči comprised communities that later formed two different administrative units and bajraks: Kuči and Triepshi. The total number of households in the eight settlements of the nahiya were 253. These (with household numbers in brackets) were: Pantalesh (110), Brokina (12), Bardhani (25), Radona (55), Bankeq (11), Stani (24), Bytidosi (11), Llazorçi (5). Llazorçi was a settlement of another small tribe, the Lazori who appear as part of the Albanian katun in 1330. By 1485, they had moved northwards with the Kuči brotherhoods. Bankeq and a part of Bytidosi are related with the historical region of Triepshi. In terms of anthroponymy the demographics of the area showed a cohabitation of Albanian and Slavic names. In the 253 households, 105 households heads had Albanian names, 53 had mixed Albanian-Slavic names and 91 had Slavic names. About 2/3 of the Slavic anthroponymy (59 households) was concentrated in two settlements, Radona and Stani. Radona also had about 1/5 of the mixed Slavic Orthodox-Albanian anthroponymy and it was the only settlement of Kuči in 1485 where Muslim converts lived (5/55 households).
The Old Kuči () were a community of diverse brotherhoods (clans), in relation to the Drekalovići who claimed ancestry from a single ancestor. J. Erdeljanović found, in the Old Kuči, very noticeable instances of the merging of various brotherhoods into one over time. The merging was so finalized that it was hard for him to mark off the parts of those composite brotherhoods, "even the searching in that direction was also encountered by the apprehension of said individuals". With the arrival of the Drekalovići, the old families called themselves "Old Kuči". All Old Kuči have as Saint Demetrius (Mitrovdan) as a patron saint - Slava.
In the next defter, it had 338 households in eleven settlements including new or renamed settlements like Pavlovići, Petrovići, Lješovići (Leshoviq), Lopari, Banjovići and Koći (Koja). This increase by 85 households in a few years represents a wave of refugees and other communities that settled in the area as the Ottomans were consolidating their power base. Pavlovići and Banjovići, which represent more than half of the new households have a predominantly Slavic Orthodox anthroponymy. Koći is the historical settlement of the Catholic Albanian Koja tribe that would fully form in later years. Leshoviq/Lješovići had come to the area from the Catholic Albanian Kelmendi tribe to the south of Kuči.
Another wave of settlement in the mid 16th century is that of the Drekalovići, who came to form an important part of Kuči. Originally, Catholic and Albanian-speaking, they trace their origin to the Berisha in northern Albania. They intermarry within Kuči, but form no marriage with Berisha or a large part of Kastrati, which traces their descent in turn from them. These three waves of settlement became the core of the Kuči tribe.
As the centuries passed, other families came to Kuči as refugees of Ottoman expeditions or as fugitives from blood feuding. These form a much more recent and incidental form of settlement in the area. At the same time, brotherhoods that were from Kuči left the area whether as refugees from Ottoman punitive campaigns or simply as emigrants and settled further north, mostly in the Sandzak area, where many converted to Islam in the 17th and 18th century. A part of Gashi tribe of Kosovo has in its tradition that it moved from the area of Kuči to Gashi in the first half of the 17th century.
History
Ottoman
In a 1582/83 defter (Ottoman tax registry), the Kuči nahiya had 13 villages, belonging to the Sanjak of Scutari. Anthroponymy in the region was mixed. In the settlements of Bankeq, Bytadosa, Bardić, Lazarniči, and Lješovići, mixed Albanian-Slavic anthroponyms now predominated over typical Albanian personal names - borne by a minority of household heads. However, in the villages of Petrovići, Koći, and Brokina half of household heads bore typical Albanian anthroponyms, the other half bearing mixed Albanian-Slavic names. In contrast, typical Slavic anthroponymy dominated in Pavlovići and Radona. This period marks the time where Albanian toponymy begins to be either translated into Slavic or acquire Slavic suffixes like in the village of Bardhani that begins to appears as Bardić, and in Llazorçi which appears as Lazarniči. Administratively, the Kuči, Bratonožići and part of Plav were under the soldiers of Medun and its spahi, but the commander was not named. They were also subject to taxation, despite having some autonomy.
In 1610, the Kuči (Cucci) are mentioned by Marino Bizzi as being half Orthodox and half Catholic. In his report, Bolizza notes that Lale Drecalou (Lale Drekalov) and Nico Raizcou (Niko Rajckov) were the commanders of the Catholic Albanian Kuči (Chuzzi Albanesi) which had 490 households and 1,500 men-in-arms described as very war-like and courageous. This community had settled in the area of Kuči in the 16th century under Drekale's command.
In 1613, the Ottomans launched a campaign against the rebel tribes of Montenegro. In response, the tribes of the Vasojevići, Kuči, Bjelopavlići, Piperi, Kastrati, Kelmendi, Shkreli and Hoti formed a political and military union known as “The Union of the Mountains” or “The Albanian Mountains” . The leaders swore an oath of besa to resist with all their might any upcoming Ottoman expeditions, thereby protecting their self-government and disallowing the establishment of the authority of the Ottoman Spahis in the northern highlands. Their uprising had a liberating character. With the aim of getting rid of the Ottomans from the Albanian territories
In 1614, Lale Drekalov was one of the chief participants and organizers of the assembly of Kuçi. In that assembly 44 leaders mostly from northern Albania and Montenegro took part to organize an insurrection against the Ottomans and ask for assistance by the Papacy. Gjon Renësi had undertaken the task of presenting the decisions of the assembly to the Papacy. The leaders who participated in the assembly also decided to send a proclamation to the kings of Spain and France claiming they were independent from Ottoman rule and did not pay tribute to the empire. It was followed by an assembly in Prokuplje in 1616 and another one in 1620 in Belgrade, where he appears as one of the participants. In this period they continue to appear as subjects of the Ottoman Empire. The political alliance in Europe did not allow for a coherent strategy to emerge in assistance of a pan-Balkan coalition against the Ottomans. In 1658, in another attempt to form an anti-Ottoman coalition the seven tribes of Kuči, Vasojevići, Bratonožići, Piperi, Kelmendi, Hoti and Gruda allied themselves with the Republic of Venice, establishing the so-called "Seven-fold barjak" or "alaj-barjak.
The first half of the 17th century is marked by an important event in the religious history of Kuči. Voivode Lale Drekalov, who was a Catholic, converted to Orthodoxy in his second marriage to a relative of the voivode of the Bratonožići tribe. The main reasons that have been put forward to explain this decision include his shift in orientation of political alliances towards the Orthodox tribes of Montenegro, the influence of the Orthodox Church in the region and the increasing disappointment towards the Catholic powers in Europe that were considered to have abandoned their allies in the Balkans. Drekalov's conversion was soon followed by a gradual conversion of all Catholics of Kuči. As Francesco Bolizza notes in a letter to Cardinal Caponi in 1649, about three or four Catholic villages remained in Kuči under the jurisdiction of the Franciscan mission of Gruda. According to Historians Simo Milutinović and Dimitrije Milaković, the Catholic Kuči, Bratonožići and Drekalovići tribe has converted to Orthodoxy by Rufim Boljević.
In 1688, the Kuči, with help from Kelmendi and Piperi, destroyed the army of Süleyman Pasha twice, took over Medun and got their hands of large quantities of weapons and equipment. In 1689, an uprising broke out in Piperi, Rovca, Bjelopavlići, Bratonožići, Kuči and Vasojevići, while at the same time an uprising broke out in Prizren, Peja, Prishtina and Skopje, and then in Kratovo and Kriva Palanka in October (Karposh's Rebellion).
At the beginning of the 18th century, some people from the Kuči and Kelmendi were forcibly resettled by the Ottomans in the southern parts of the Sandžak, especially in the hills of the Pešter plateau, around Sjenica, and in the land strip between Novi Pazar, Tutin, Rožaje and Plav. Many of these converted to Islam over time and came to form an important part of the Muslim population in these regions.
In 1774, in the same month of the death of Šćepan Mali, Mehmed Pasha Bushati attacked the Kuči and Bjelopavlići, but was subsequently decisively defeated and returned to Scutari. Bushati had broken into Kuči and "destroyed" it; the Rovčani housed and protected some of the refugee families.
In 1794, the Kuči and Rovčani were devastated by the Ottomans.
Modern
The Ottoman increase of taxes in October 1875 sparked the Great Eastern Crisis, which included a series of rebellions, firstly with the Herzegovina Uprising (1875–77), which prompted Serbia and Montenegro declaring war on the Ottoman Empire (see Serbian–Ottoman War and Montenegrin–Ottoman War) and culminated with the Russians following suit (Russo-Turkish War). In Kuči, chieftain Marko Miljanov Popović organized resistance against the Ottomans and joined forces with the Montenegrins. The Kuči, identifying as a Serb tribe, asked to be united with Montenegro. After the Berlin Congress, Kuči was included into the borders of the Principality of Montenegro.
At the Battle of Novšiće, following the Velika attacks (1879), the battalions of Kuči, Vasojevići and Bratonožići fought the Albanian irregulars under the command of Ali Pasha of Gusinje, and were defeated.
Anthropology
Ethnography
Like many rural areas in Montenegro and the Balkans in general, Kuči has suffered heavily from emigration since the collapse of Yugoslavia. The 2011 Montenegrin census recorded about 1,000 inhabitants in total in the villages traditionally associated with Kuči. Two major ethnic groups inhabit the region: ethnic Montenegrins and ethnic Serbs (see Montenegrin Serbs), though these may be regarded as one, as some families may politically be split between the two, i.e. with one brother opting for a Montenegrin identity and another a Serb. Most of the inhabitants are followers of the Serbian Orthodox Church, while a minority are ethnic Muslims. There is an enclave of Roman Catholic Albanians in the village of Koći (Koja in Albanian) and Fundina.
Christian Orthodox residents used to be split into two distinct groups: Old Kuči ("Starokuči") and Drekalovići/New Kuči. Mariano Bolizza in his voyage in the area in 1614 recorded that Lale Drekalov and Niko Raičkov held 490 houses of the Chuzzi Albanesi ("Albanian Kuči", a village of predominantly Roman Catholic religion), with 1,500 soldiers, described as "very war-like and courageous". The Drekalovići, the largest brotherhood of Kuči, numbered close to 800 households in 1941, roughly half of all of Kuči.
The Islamization of Kuči has made a minority of inhabitants declaring as simply Montenegrins, or Muslims by ethnicity, and Bosniaks although they trace the same origin with that of their Christian brethren.
Oral traditions
There are various oral traditions with varying degrees of consistency with archival records. In Montenegro, Marko Miljanov himself from Kuči wrote in his book about his home region that the Kuči and Berisha were "regarded close", allegedly because the Berisha ancestors settled from Kuči; Konstantin Jireček further recorded about this story that Old Kuči (Staro Kuči), which placed a Grča, son of Nenad as its ancestor also placed him as an ancestor of the Berisha tribe. On the contrary, in Berisha it is believed that Old Kuči itself descends from Berisha and is called Berisha i Kuq (Red Berisha) as opposed to Berisha of Pukë, Mërturi and a part of Piperi that traces its origin from Berisha, who are collectively called Berisha i Bardh (White Berisha). In historical record, Berisha and the Old Kuči appear in different areas and timelines as Old Kuči formed part of the tribe of current Kuči, which was based on different ancestral groups in the late 15th century . Nevertheless, if not kin by blood, Montenegrin and Albanian tribes regarded closeness in original or home territory from where someone "came". Therefore, Serbian geographer Andrija Jovićević put forward the narrative that the Kuči were "kin" to Kastrati, Berisha and Kelmendi because their distant ancestor once, ostensibly, settled in the same general area as Kuči.
Another late 19th century tradition was recorded by Jovan Erdeljanović in Kuči, the most intricate versions of which were from Kržanj, Žikoviće, Kostroviće, Bezihovo, Kute, Podgrad and Lazorce. According to this story, the Old Kuči descended from Gojko, the brother of King Vukašin. His descendants were forced to flee Shkodra with the Ottoman invasion and settled in Brštan. Gojko Mrnjavčevic, however, is a fictional character in Serb epic poetry, who dies in the 1371 Battle of Maritsa in folk tradition itself.
Language
The South Slavic dialect spoken in Kuči forms a speech group with Bratonožići and Piperi. South Slavic in these three communities is marked by close contact with the northern Albanian dialects of Malësia. This is especially apparent in the dialects of Kuči and Bratonožići, largely because of the historic bilingualism that was present in the area.
However, as Kuči is in a transitional area between the Albanian and Slavic languages, it has become the subject of historiographical dispute. In particular, Serbian historiography has been criticized, as muting in the area Albanian and Slavic symbiosis and bilingualism in favor of a monoethnic and monolingual Serbian narrative, a trend evident in ethnographers of the early 20th century like Jovan Erdeljanović and Jovan Cvijić. Older Serbian or Yugoslav historiography and ethnography on the Kuči conflated the Ottoman nahiye of Kuči - an administrative unit composed of different communities - with the Kuči tribe. As such, the Albanian tribes that were within the nahiye and would later be administratively within Kuči following the incorporation of their lands into the Montenegrin state, such as Trieshi and Koja e Kuçit, were treated as branches or regions of the Kuči tribe despite their distinct histories and identities.
Culture
In terms of traditional customs, up to the end of the 19th century traces of a variant of the northern Albanian kanuns remained in use in Kuči. Marie Amelie von Godin in her travels still reported traces of bilingualism in the area of Kuči. According to her reports, although Albanian was no longer spoken in the area, some laments and oaths were still being sung and recited in Albanian.
People
born in Kuči
Lale Drekalov, vojvoda of the Kuči tribe, Drekale's son
Iliko Lalev, vojvoda of tribe, successor of his father, Lale
Radonja Petrović, vojvoda of the Kuči tribe.
Marko Miljanov (1833–1901), vojvoda, Montenegrin general and writer.
Mihailo Ivanović (1874–1949), Montenegrin politician
Bogdan Vujošević, Partisan
by descent
Vasa Čarapić (1768–1806), Serbian revolutionary
Ilija Čarapić, first Mayor of Belgrade
Đorđe Čarapić, Serbian revolutionary
Tanasije Čarapić, Serbian revolutionary
Tom Čarapić, artist
Pavle Delibašić, Serbian footballer
Ejup Ganić, President of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Evgenije Popović, Montenegrin politician and journalist
Vuk Rašović, Serbian former football player and former manager of Partizan Belgrade, son of Branko Rašović
Duško Vujošević
Muamer Zukorlić, Bosniak politician
Fahrudin Radončić, Bosniak politician
Dženan Radončić, Montenegrin Bosniak fottballer
Jakup Kardović, commander of the Sandžak Muslim militia
Jakup Ferri, Albanian fighter
Shemsi Pasha, Ottoman Albanian general
Božina Ivanović, Yugoslav statesman
Dejan Radonjić, former basketball player and current coach
Miljko Radonjić. Serbian writer.
Branislav Prelević, former Serbian and Greek basketball player
Đorđe Božović "Giška", notable Serbian gangster and paramilitary leader
Ratko Đokić "Kobra", Serbian-Swedish Mob boss
Branko Rašović, former Montenegrin football player
Bogdan Milić, Montenegrin footballer
Miroslav Vujadinović, Montenegrin footballer
Ante Miročević, former Montenegrin footballer
Vesna Milačić, Montenegrin singer and songwriter
Marina Kuč, Montenegrin swimmer
Suzana Lazović, Montenegrin handball player
Annotations
References
Sources
Historical regions in Montenegro
Tribes of Montenegro
Montenegrin people of Albanian descent |
The Dark Gate (or alternatively Dark Portal, Hungarian: Sötétkapu) is a tunnel located under the artificial slopes of Castle Hill near St. Adalbert's Basilica in Esztergom, Hungary.
The tunnel is 90 metres long and follows the line of the castle's former eastern walls. The entire tunnel is vaulted and built in Neo-classical style.
History
Construction of the Dark Gate started in 1824 by Alexander Rudnay, Archbishop of Esztergom, two years after the foundation stones of St. Adalbert's Basilica were laid. It became known as Dark Gate due to the lack of lighting. The main purpose of the tunnel was to directly connect the Canonic houses with the Seminary, but it also connects the Szentgyörgymező neighborhood with downtown Esztergom. Above the southern entrance, a Latin sign carved in red marble commemorates Archbishop Rudnay and the year of construction: "PRINCEPS PRIMAS ALEXANDER A RUDNA MDCCCXXIV" ("Prince Primate Alexander Rudnay 1824"). From both sides of the tunnel, a huge 3700 m2 wine cellar opens, where the wines of the Archdiocese of Esztergom were kept.
During the 1956 revolution, significant events occurred in Esztergom. On 26 October 1956, fourteen people died in the Dark Gate when a T-34 tank shot into a bus heading towards the seminary, which was used as a Russian military facility at the time.
The Dark Gate, the seminary, and its surroundings were completely renovated by 2006, the 150th anniversary of the dedication of the cathedral. Architectural lighting was added to both the basilica and the tunnel. One-way traffic is allowed from the seminary to downtown Esztergom.
Gallery
References
Komárom-Esztergom megye műemlékjegyzéke
Kovács László: Az 1956-os forradalom története Esztergomban
https://web.archive.org/web/20110520141422/http://www.privatbankar.hu/html/cikk/cikk.php?kommentar=25192
Tunnels in Hungary
Buildings and structures in Esztergom |
Brentford and Chiswick was a local government district of Middlesex, England from 1927 to 1965.
History
It was created an urban district in 1927 by a merger of the former area of the Brentford Urban District and the Chiswick Urban District. It gained the status of municipal borough in 1932. It included the parishes of Chiswick, New Brentford and Old Brentford.
In 1965 the municipal borough was abolished and its former area transferred to Greater London to be combined with that of other districts to form the London Borough of Hounslow.
Brentford and Chiswick was also the name of the parliamentary constituency that covered the area. The seat survived until just before the February 1974 general election, when it was expanded westwards and renamed Brentford and Isleworth.
Coat of arms
Granted on 1 September 1932, the borough's coat of arms was: Per saltire argent and gules in chief a representation of St. Nicholas proper in base two bars wavy azure and in fesse as many seaxes (Saxon swords) the cutting edges inwards proper pommels and hilts or.
Crest : Issuant out of a Saxon crown or a phoenix sable in flames proper.
Supporters : On either side a griffin or gorged with a collar gemel wavy azure.
The arms incorporate the emblems which appeared on the seal of the former UDC, which displayed the figures of St. Nicholas in reference to the dedication of the parish church, together with three seaxes from the arms of Middlesex County Council. The blue waves, like those on the supporters, represent the River Brent and the Borough's situation beside the River Thames. The phoenix represents the new borough rising from the ashes of the old Urban District. The griffins appear to have no historical significance.
References
External links
A Vision of Britain - Brentford and Chiswick MB
Districts abolished by the London Government Act 1963
History of the London Borough of Hounslow
Municipal boroughs of England
History of local government in Middlesex
Brentford, London
Chiswick
20th century in Middlesex |
Neomulona is a monotypic moth genus in the subfamily Arctiinae erected by George Hampson in 1914. Its single species, Neomulona torniplaga, was first described by E. Dukinfield Jones in 1914. It is found in Brazil.
References
Lithosiini |
Robert Camille Clément De Mulder (16 October 1900 – 16 June 1967) was a Belgian rower. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp with the men's coxed four where they were eliminated in round one.
References
1900 births
1967 deaths
Belgian male rowers
Olympic rowers for Belgium
Rowers at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Royal Club Nautique de Gand rowers
European Rowing Championships medalists
20th-century Belgian people |
Ekrem Bey Libohova (24 February 1882 – 7 June 1948) was an Albanian politician and Axis collaborator. He served as the Prime Minister of Albania on two occasions during the Italian occupation of Albania.
Political career
He was born in Gjirokastër and educated in Istanbul and Brussels. His brother was Mufid Libohova, who was Minister of the Interior in the Provisional Government of Albania.
Early in his political career, Libohova served as the Albanian Minister to Rome. In 1924, while serving in this role, Libohova helped negotiate the creation of the Bank of Albania. He was joined by his brother, Mufid.
In 1929, he became a minister of court to Zog I. Libohova was described as an "Italophile" by other members of Albania's political class during his time as minister to the court. On 26 January 1931, he joined King Zog on a trip to Italy. On 20 February, after attending a showing of Pagliacci at the Vienna State Opera, Libohova was injured in an assassination attempt against the King. Zog, Libohova, and their chauffeur returned fire on the attempted assassins, Aziz Çami and Ndok Gjeloshi. Libohova was shot in the leg and a bullet went through his hat; the King was unharmed.
During the 1936-1939 government of Kostaq Kotta, Libohova was Albania's foreign minister. After the Italian invasion of Albania, he left the country for Italy but returned to serve in the government of the Italian protectorate. From January 19 to February 13, 1943, and from May 12 to September 8, 1943, Libohova served as Prime Minister.
As Germany invaded Albania to replace the Italians, Libohova and Italian General Alberto Pariani escaped for Italy. Libohova died in Rome on 7 June 1948.
References
1882 births
1948 deaths
People from Gjirokastër
People from Janina vilayet
Albanian Fascist Party politicians
Government ministers of Albania
Prime Ministers of Albania
State auditors of Albania
Members of the Chamber of Fasces and Corporations
Albanian collaborators with Fascist Italy
Albanian fascists
Ambassadors of Albania to Italy
Ambassadors of Albania to France |
"Easter Eve" () is an 1886 short story by Anton Chekhov.
Publication
The story was first published on 5 March (old style: 23 February), in Novoye Vremyas No. 3636, 26 (13 o.s.) April 1886 issue. In an edited version it made its way into the In the Twilight (В сумерках), 1887 collection, published in Saint Petersburg. In 1898 the Tilde Press released it as a separate edition. Chekhov included it into Volume 3 of his Collected Works published by Adolf Marks in 1899–1901.
Synopsis
The protagonist takes a trip across the Goltva river on the Easter Eve to visit a local church and enjoy the nightly Easter festivities. On his way he is engaged in a conversation with a monk ferryman named Ieronym, a slightly eccentric 30-something man who is deeply shattered by the recent death of his best friend and mentor, monk Nikolai. The latter appears to have been a genius master of Akathist, who had never in his life had one single reader or listener of his wonderful stories, beside Ieronym... The protagonist returns by the same ferry, disturbed by the cruel contrast between the joyful, flamboyant church service, and the grief and loneliness of this extremely sensitive person, so forsaken in this world, on the other... Where nobody had even cared to send him a changer, so that he now has to start his second shift in a row.
Reception
The theatre historian Nikolai Drizen (in his 1929 essay) quoted Alexey Pleshcheyev as saying: "Reading [In Twilight], I felt as though Turgenev's aura was embracing me... The same placid poetry of prose, these wondrous descriptions of nature..." The story that impressed him most was "Easter Eve", according to Drizen.
Dmitry Merezhkovsky, reviewing two Checkhov's collections, In Twilight (1887) and Stories (1888), compared "Easter Eve" to the poems in prose by Turgenev and Baudelaire. Speaking of the monk Nikolai character, he interpreted him as another loser, similar to Likharev from "On the Way" [На пути, published in Severny Vestnik, No.11, 1888]. Chekhov felt baffled. "What kind of loser he is? He'd had an enviable life. Was close to God, knew not of hunger, was endowed with literary gift... Dividing people into losers and winners is too narrow an approach," he wrote to Alexey Suvorin in a letter dated 3 November 1888.
References
External links
Святою ночью. The original Russian text
Easter Eve, the English translation
Short stories by Anton Chekhov
1886 short stories
Works originally published in Russian newspapers |
```kotlin
package mega.privacy.android.data.mapper.notification
import mega.privacy.android.domain.entity.NotificationBehaviour
import mega.privacy.android.domain.entity.settings.ChatSettings
import mega.privacy.android.domain.entity.settings.ChatSettings.Companion.VIBRATION_OFF
import mega.privacy.android.domain.entity.settings.ChatSettings.Companion.VIBRATION_ON
import javax.inject.Inject
/**
* Mapper for converting data into [NotificationBehaviour].
*/
class ChatMessageNotificationBehaviourMapper @Inject constructor() {
/**
* Invoke.
*
* @param chatSettings [ChatSettings].
* @param beep Push notification flag indicating if the notification should beep or not.
* @param defaultSound Default device sound.
*/
operator fun invoke(
chatSettings: ChatSettings?,
beep: Boolean,
defaultSound: String?,
) = NotificationBehaviour(
sound = when {
beep && chatSettings != null -> chatSettings.notificationsSound.ifEmpty { defaultSound }
beep -> defaultSound
else -> null
}, vibration = when {
beep && chatSettings != null -> chatSettings.vibrationEnabled
beep -> VIBRATION_ON
else -> VIBRATION_OFF
})
}
``` |
```c++
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// test9.cpp
//
// LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at path_to_url
#include <algorithm>
#include "./test9.hpp"
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// test_main
// read the tests from the input file and execute them
void test_main()
{
#ifndef BOOST_XPRESSIVE_NO_WREGEX
typedef std::wstring::const_iterator iterator_type;
boost::iterator_range<xpr_test_case<iterator_type> const *> rng = get_test_cases<iterator_type>();
std::for_each(rng.begin(), rng.end(), test_runner<iterator_type>());
#endif
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// init_unit_test_suite
//
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite *test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE("test9u");
test->add(BOOST_TEST_CASE(&test_main));
return test;
}
``` |
```c
/*
*
* Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
* that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
* tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
* in the file PATENTS. All contributing project authors may
* be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
*/
/*
* This file contains the function WebRtcSpl_SqrtOfOneMinusXSquared().
* The description header can be found in signal_processing_library.h
*
*/
#include "webrtc/common_audio/signal_processing/include/signal_processing_library.h"
void WebRtcSpl_SqrtOfOneMinusXSquared(int16_t *xQ15, size_t vector_length,
int16_t *yQ15)
{
int32_t sq;
size_t m;
int16_t tmp;
for (m = 0; m < vector_length; m++)
{
tmp = xQ15[m];
sq = tmp * tmp; // x^2 in Q30
sq = 1073741823 - sq; // 1-x^2, where 1 ~= 0.99999999906 is 1073741823 in Q30
sq = WebRtcSpl_Sqrt(sq); // sqrt(1-x^2) in Q15
yQ15[m] = (int16_t)sq;
}
}
``` |
Silas Blissett is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks, played by Jeff Rawle. Rawle's casting was announced in December 2010 and it was revealed that he would portray a serial killer. Rawle was approached by Hollyoaks and met with series producer, Paul Marquess, who explained the role of Silas and his storyline. Rawle found the storyline something which he would like to "have a crack at". The actor said that the role of Silas is "very interesting" for him as he had not played a murderer in his career before. He made his first on-screen appearance in episode 2979, originally broadcast on 23 December 2010. However, Silas departed for the first time on 4 November 2011. Silas returned on 19 July 2012, as a guest stint. Silas returned again in 2016 as well as making two further returns in 2020 and 2022 with this being his last return as he was killed off in a final showdown with the McQueens.
Silas was credited as "Mystery Man" in his first episode to keep his identity hidden. He is revealed to be Heidi Costello's (Kim Tiddy) father and the grandfather of Riley Costello (Rob Norbury), Seth Costello (Miles Higson) and Jason Costello (Victoria Atkin). Silas is a serial killer who is described as sinister, scary and complex. Marquess called him mild-mannered and likened him to a bogeyman. Daniel Kilkelly of Digital Spy described Silas as a dual role of the affable older man and sinister killer. Silas is "old-fashioned" and dislikes women with "loose morals"; believing his murders as a positive, cleansing service to society.
Silas' storylines have mostly focused on his various murders. From his onscreen murders and his scrap book, Silas has seventeen confirmed victims on the show, and is believed to have killed up to 100 women. Silas murders India Longford (Beth Kingston) after using another identity on an internet dating website and arranging to meet her. Silas plans to murder India's sister Texas Longford (Bianca Hendrickse-Spendlove), but refrains. Silas begins targeting Lynsey Nolan (Karen Hassan). Silas then murders a woman named Jenny (Daisy Turner) after they arrange to meet on a social networking site. Silas also murders Rae Wilson (Alice Barlow) and frames Brendan Brady (Emmett J. Scanlan) for the crime. Silas kidnaps Riley's pregnant fiancé, Mercedes McQueen (Jennifer Metcalfe), who confesses that she had an affair with Riley's father Carl Costello (Paul Opacic), and holds her captive. He accidentally murders Heidi after mistaking her for Lynsey, before being arrested for his crimes. Silas left Hollyoaks on 4 November 2011, but returned for a guest stint on 19 July 2012, in an attempt to murder Texas again, but once again, refrains.
The character made an unannounced return in 2016 as part of the show's new serial killer story. In his return, Silas works with murderous doctor Lindsey Roscoe (Sophie Austin) before killing her. Rawle reprised the role again in October 2020 for Hollyoaks 25th anniversary, departing again in episodes originally broadcast in January 2021. The character and Rawle's portrayal has been well-received by viewers, critics and his co-stars alike, with Silas being considered as one of the soap’s most popular and infamous villains. Rawle won "Best Villain" at the 2012 All About Soap Bubble Awards.
Storylines
2010–2012
Texas Longford (Bianca Hendrickse-Spendlove) joins an internet dating website, and starts corresponding with a man named Cameron. Texas' sister, India Longford (Beth Kingston), makes contact with Cameron and they agree to meet. On her way to their arranged date, India meets Silas, who reveals that he is Cameron. Silas murders India and takes the ring from her finger before burying her body in the woods. He is revealed to be Heidi Costello's (Kim Tiddy) father when he visits his family at Christmas. It soon emerges that Silas killed his wife and Heidi's mother, Joan, after discovering that she was having an affair with her neighbour. Silas meets Nancy Hayton (Jessica Fox) and prepares to strangle her to death, however he is interrupted by her boyfriend. Silas intends to strangle an intoxicated Texas to death, but refrains when she explains that she pressured India into internet dating.
Silas is angry with Lynsey Nolan (Karen Hassan) after hearing her give sexual health advice on the radio, and seeing her on the radio's webcam wearing a scantily clad nurse costume. Silas stops Lynsey from gaining a promotion by telling her place of work about the radio show. Silas attacks Lynsey but her screams alert her neighbours, causing him to flee. Lynsey realises that Silas was her attacker and confronts him on numerous occasions, but her allegation is ignored. Lynsey also accuses Silas of murdering India and his grandson, Riley Costello (Rob Norbury), begins to question Lynsey's allegations. Silas experiences a heart attack after Riley questions him. In hospital, Lynsey is assigned as Silas' nurse and withholds his treatment as she assumes he is feigning the attack. Silas later recovers. Silas sees Lynsey giving Cheryl Brady (Bronagh Waugh) weight loss drugs and secretly swaps them with his heart medication. Cheryl takes the medication more frequently to suppress her appetite. Whilst Cheryl is alone in her nightclub, she climbs upon the bar and becomes drowsy, causing her to fall. She is found unconscious by Lynsey and begins to recover in hospital. Lynsey is told by a doctor that tests showed a high amount of sedative in Cheryl's system. Silas makes Cheryl doubt Lynsey's state of mind when he tells her that he thinks Lynsey could be capable of swapping the drugs.
Jenny (Daisy Turner) starts corresponding with a man named David Cox on a social networking website. Jenny meets David in the woods, where he is revealed to be Silas. They have a picnic and when Silas sees Jenny drugging his glass of wine, he secretly swaps them. Silas sees Jenny searching through his bag and threatens her, causing her to run away. She becomes drowsy and falls to the ground. Silas strangles Jenny to death and takes the ring from her finger, before burying her body in the woods. Silas takes a dislike to Riley's fiancée, Mercedes McQueen (Jennifer Metcalfe), after he learns of her promiscuity. Silas attempts and fails to attack Mercedes with a candlestick when her back is turned.
Silas develops a feud with Lynsey. He plans to murder Texas again, but Lynsey foils his plan. Lynsey attempts and fails to frame Silas after planting India's necklace on him and contacting the police. Silas attempts to make Lynsey appear unstable by moving things around in her flat and playing tricks on her. Lynsey's friend, Brendan Brady (Emmett J. Scanlan), sees Silas watching Lynsey and becomes suspicious of him. Brendan warns Silas to stay away from Lynsey. Silas plans to strangle Theresa McQueen (Jorgie Porter) to death, but refrains after he learns that she has a daughter. Rae Wilson (Alice Barlow) tells Silas that Brendan threatened to kill her. She annoys Silas by telling him she plans to use men for flings after being hurt by them. Silas brutally beats and strangles Rae to death and takes her necklace. He then frames Brendan for her murder. Lynsey arranges to meet a girl who has been sending Texas messages on an internet dating website, convinced that it is Silas. Lynsey confronts Silas in the woods and hits him over the head with a rock, leaving him unconscious. Lynsey returns to the woods with the police to find Silas gone. Silas is contacted by the police and tells them he is holidaying in France and denies any knowledge of the attack.
Silas holds a heavily pregnant Mercedes captive in the basement of The Dog in the Pond after she confesses to having an affair with Riley's father, Carl Costello (Paul Opacic). Mercedes' family assumes she has gone on holiday to Dubai. On Halloween, Silas tells Lynsey he is going to kill her, but she attacks him and escapes. Silas later sees a woman in the same Halloween costume as Lynsey and hits her over the head with a brick and strangles her to death. However, he realises that the woman is his daughter Heidi, leaving him devastated. Silas finds Lynsey and Riley searching through his belongings. Lynsey smashes an urn containing Silas' late wife Joan's ashes. Amongst the ashes, Lynsey and Riley find jewellery belonging to the murder victims. Riley sees Mercedes' engagement ring, but Silas does not tell him where Mercedes is. Riley demands Silas admit to Jason and Seth that he murdered their mother and he is then arrested, however, he refuses to tell the police where Mercedes is. Silas tells Lynsey that she will have to play a game of chess in order to find Mercedes, but she refuses. Lynsey taunts Silas about his involvement in Heidi’s death and he angrily tells her that Mercedes is in the gutter. Lynsey explains this to Riley, who finds Mercedes. Lynsey visits Silas one last time, telling him he no longer scares her. Silas is last seen in his jail cell, staring at a chess piece, accepting that he'll spend the rest of his life behind bars.
Silas is not put on trial as he is moved to a mental institution when he is deemed insane. In July 2012, Lynsey is strangled by an unseen person in similar circumstances to Silas' victims. When Silas demands to see Texas in relation to possible information on Lynsey's murder, Texas visits him in the mental health institution where he is serving his sentences. Silas taunts Texas by explaining how he killed her sister India. He tells Texas that another young woman will die the following day. Texas visits him again a few days later, and tells Silas that she is no longer frightened of him. Silas warns her that another copycat killing will soon occur. He explains that to prevent this he will tell her the identity of the killer if she gives him India's ring. Texas agrees and he tells her that the killer is Will Savage (James Atherton). Texas snatches the ring back, angering Silas. When on a routine appointment at the hospital, Silas fakes a heart attack. He escapes and visits Lynsey's body in the mortuary. Silas sees an apparition of Lynsey who he compliments, telling her she played a good game. Lynsey taunts him saying his game is over as he did not get to what he most wanted as someone else killed her. Silas tells her his game is not over. Silas kidnaps Texas in her flat and leads Texas to believe he will kill her before telling her that he will bide his time and then kill her, this way she will be living in fear of him. Silas then boards a bus, full of young women who are going to a hen party.
2016
Silas visits Trevor Royle (Greg Wood) in prison under the name Mr. E Mann (Mystery Man). It is revealed that Silas had been writing to Trevor as he heard about the Gloved Hand Killer who had murdered seven residents throughout 2015. As Silas asks Trevor disturbing questions, Trevor tells Silas to back off and never contact him again. Silas leaves but has a feeling that Trevor is innocent and is determined to find out who the real killer is. Silas returns to Hollyoaks again in February, this time for an appointment with Tegan Lomax (Jessica Ellis), a nurse at Dee Valley Hospital. During the appointment, Silas tells Tegan he believes that the killer is one of the nurses or doctors who work at the hospital as medical equipment mysteriously disappeared during the time of the murders. Silas' interrogation about the murders makes Tegan uncomfortable and she leaves briefly, and once she returns Silas has already left. Silas visits Dee Valley Hospital again a few weeks later, this time imitating a human resources officer while visiting Lindsey Roscoe (Sophie Austin) in her office. After she confides in him about her feelings on her sister Kim Butterfield's (Daisy Wood-Davis) arrest for the murders, he leaves with the chilling parting words that he is a keen admirer of her good work and to keep it up, implying that he knows she is the real killer.
In April 2016, Lindsey is finally exposed as the Gloved Hand Killer. When Lindsey tries to hide from the police, Silas contacts her and helps her escape. She recognises him from the hospital, and he reveals his true identity to her. Silas tells her that he wants to help her as he, "knew a Lynsey once before", and it is a beautiful name. He expresses a deep admiration for her work so far and offers her the chance to go into hiding with him as he feels that with the right tuition from him, the pair would make an unstoppable force. As Lindsey gives him a willing smile, the two serial killers drive off into the night. Lindsey later calls Silas in desperate need of his help after she attempts to convince Kim to steal her son, JJ from her ex-fiancé, Joe Roscoe (Ayden Callaghan). Silas replies by saying that he knew she would return to him, and hangs up the phone with a sinister smile. Silas turns his attention to Kim, using a fake name "Edward" on social media, to lure her in. Believing that he has information on Lindsey's whereabouts, Kim inadvertently goes along with it. Silas tells her he is a retired policeman and uses her as a decoy so that the two killers can go ahead with their dastardly plans. Silas later meets Lindsey at a car park and tells her that he has Kim on side and that the plan is proceeding perfectly: that sooner or later, Lindsey will be reunited with her son and he will finally get another chance to claim the life of Mercedes.
Kim meets Silas once again in the hospital while it is temporarily shut down. Silas and Lindsey put their plan into action and break into the Roscoe home but Mercedes is not there. Angered by this failure, Silas disowns Lindsey and tells her he will go after Mercedes alone. However, Lindsey's waters break and she goes into labour. Alarmed, Silas bundles her into the Roscoe garage, steals Joe's phone and abandons her. Later that day, Mercedes answers the door to find Silas. Meanwhile, Lindsey has managed to summon Kim for help and gives birth to a baby girl at the hospital with the reluctant help of Tegan and Celine McQueen (Sarah George). When Joe and Freddie Roscoe (Charlie Clapham) arrive at the hospital to find Lindsey with the baby, they try to call the police, but Lindsey warns them not to as Mercedes is in danger. Silas plays a game of chess with Mercedes, while blaming her for Riley's death. Mercedes angrily demands where Silas was when Riley died and throws him into a rage when she reminds him of his part in Heidi's death. He tells her that she is to be his final victim and he will not be cheated this time as he was with Lynsey and Texas. Silas allows Mercedes to take JJ to bed, but she secretly hides a nail file in her pocket. When Silas guides her downstairs, Mercedes attempts to stab him with the nail file, but Silas easily deflects it. Lindsey then gives the order for Silas to kill Mercedes, which Mercedes criticises, as Silas is taking orders from a woman. Mercedes informs Silas of Lindsey's adulterous past who cheated on Joe with Freddie. When Silas sees a locket containing a picture of Mercedes' stillborn son, Gabriel, he criticises him and brands him as another one of her illegitimate children. Furious, Mercedes demands him to kill her so she can be with Gabriel and have the chance of being a mother to him. Silas is touched by this and noting that Mercedes has made significant effort to mend her ways over the years, he decides to spare her life. When Lindsey shows up at the Roscoe home, having managed to escape from the hospital with her baby, Silas feigns concern and asks to hold her baby. Silas then gives Mercedes the baby and asks her to ensure that the child grows up as pure and innocent as she is now. Silas then turns on Lindsey for cheating on the Roscoe brothers. Joe, Kim and Freddie arrive to find Lindsey's corpse on the couch. Silas is last seen looking on as a hysterical Myra McQueen (Nicole Barber-Lane) is led out of The Loft by Tegan and Celine. He then leaves the village, smirking.
2020−2022
Four years later, the McQueen family begin to be blackmailed by an anonymous source, who communicates using a porcelain doll. They threaten to expose the family's sins in return for money. It emerges that Silas is the anonymous source and when Mercedes refuses the blackmailer's demands, he attempts to kill her. However, when he learns that she is pregnant, he refrains. It soon emerges that he is working with someone else. Silas finds Mercedes' stepdaughter Cher Winters (Bethannie Hare) drunk and takes her home; he takes pictures of her to send to the McQueens, threatening to kill Cher if they refuse his demands. Silas calls Mercedes and taunts her, causing her to fall and miscarry. It emerges that Seth is working with Silas to blackmail the family and is using Theresa to extract information about the family. Silas explains that he wants to meet his great-grandson, Bobby Costello (Jayden Fox), who he believes is trapped by the McQueens.
Silas gets Seth to collect fake passports while he picks Bobby up from the airport, he sends Bobby off on a scavenger hunt before calling Mercedes to taunt her and inform her he has got Bobby. Mercedes meets with Silas where he offers two solutions; Bobby will stay with Silas and Mercedes can live, or Bobby can stay with the McQueens but it means Silas must kill Mercedes. Mercedes chooses to let Silas kill her, after making him promise that he will let Bobby go, but before he can do so, Theresa knocks Silas out, allowing Mercedes to escape. Bobby finds Silas and gives him first aid. He then flees the scene before the police arrive, having decided not to pursue Mercedes, but he secretly stays in contact with Bobby, playing chess with him under the username 'G'.
A year later, after Wendy Blissett (Jennifer Armour) failed to get Bobby for Silas, Silas decides to claim Bobby himself. He abducts Mercedes and forces Olivia Bradshaw (Emily Burnett) to work with him, but when she refuses and attempts to rescue Mercedes, Silas knocks her out and keeps her chained up with Mercedes. Silas then forces the rest of the McQueen family to play a series of sinister games during the village carnival. He forces Goldie McQueen (Chelsee Healey) and Theresa to choose who to die by trapping them in a carnival attraction that is rigged with a bomb. Theresa chooses Goldie to live, and Goldie escapes the attraction as Silas detonates the bomb, causing devastation in the carnival, although Theresa was able to survive. While Goldie attempts to find Bobby with the help of Lexi Calder (Natalie Anderson), Silas arrives and kills Lexi by bludgeoning her over the head and then takes Bobby. Silas forces the McQueens to play a final game; a deadly game of human chess involving an electrified chessboard. Mercedes is able to complete the game and knocks Silas out and deactivates the board, allowing the family to escape. Silas regains consciousness and attempts to convince Bobby to leave with him, but Bobby, upon noticing that the electricity to the chessboard has been reactivated, pushes Silas onto the chessboard, electrocuting him to death.
Casting and characterisation
In December 2010, it was announced that India Longford (Beth Kingston) would be murdered in a "dark" new storyline. It was announced that actor, Jeff Rawle, had been cast in the role of India's murderer. Rawle was best known as playing Amos Diggory in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire in 2005. Rawle was approached by Hollyoaks and met with series producer, Paul Marquess, who explained the storyline. Rawle found the storyline interesting and something which he would like to "have a crack at". Rawle took on the role to highlight the dangers of online dating. Rawle said that the role is "very interesting" for him as he had not played a murderer in his career before. Rawle made his first appearance as Silas on 23 December 2010. Silas was credited as "Mystery Man" in his first episode to keep his identity hidden. He was revealed to be the father of Heidi Costello (Kim Tiddy). In 2011, Rawle revealed that he is delighted to be playing Silas, stating "It's the best role to have. Judy Garland once said, 'If you have to be in a soap, make sure you don't play the worst part'. She was talking about her own life being a soap, but she's right." Rawle opined that the role of Silas is the "best part" and said that other cast members are jealous as they want to play a villain. Silas made his final appearance on 4 November 2011.
Silas is described as "sinister" and "scary". Rawle said that Silas is "very interesting" and complex. Hollyoaks series producer, Paul Marquess, called him mild-mannered and likened him to a bogeyman. Daniel Kilkelly of Digital Spy described Silas as a dual role of the affable older man and sinister killer. Rawle explained that Silas is "old-fashioned" and dislikes women who have loose morals. Silas actually appeared to enjoy killing people and although he mockingly apologised to some of his victims, he clearly didn't mean those apologies. There are only two known murders that he actually felt regret for; murdering his own daughter and killing India but these instances have not stopped him from killing people. The official Hollyoaks website said of Silas: "Eep! Who knew that when Heidi’s cuddly dad Silas showed up in the village he would turn out to be the local serial killer with a penchant for strangulation?" They also call him a "killer grandad". Silas becomes more unstable and in October 2011, Rawle said "He's a psychopath and he has slightly lost the plot now. He's very dangerous. He thinks he hasn't got a lot of time left to live and feels he has nothing to lose."
Character development
India Longford's murder
In December 2010, it was announced that India Longford (Beth Kingston) would be murdered after an experiment with online dating goes "horribly wrong". Hollyoaks worked closely with the University of Central Lancashire's Cyberspace Research Unit on the storyline, in a bid to raise awareness of internet safety. Speaking on behalf of the Research Unit, Dr Jo Bryce commented: "If the storyline can remind one young person to protect themselves when engaging in online activity, then that can only be a positive thing. Too many youngsters think they are immune to online risks and this storyline is a reminder that you don't always know who you're talking to online." Hollyoaks series producer, Paul Marquess, added: "This is a terrifying murder that highlights the dangers of meeting strangers online. The storyline, which launches at Christmas, will take us right through 2011 and audiences will be gripped to find out if the dangerous killer will strike again." Marquess said he was surprised that the show had not done a big storyline about "stranger danger" on the internet before, branding it "absolutely key Hollyoaks territory". Hollyoaks writer, Steve Hughes, explained that the storyline was inspired by a real-life incident, where a friend had her identity stolen on social networking service Facebook.
India's friends start a game to see who can get the most dates online. India is initially sceptical and writes up a rules list because she is aware of the dangers. But when Silas, calling himself Cameron, starts talking to India online she is intrigued. Silas then sends a photo of Cameron and India thinks he is gorgeous. Kingston stated that India is excited and agrees to meet him with her friends as chaperones. Cameron does not turn up to the meeting, but suggests they meet somewhere else. Kingston said that "[India] thinks, what the heck? So she goes off ... to a horrible end." On her way to the meet Cameron, India is grabbed in a "dark and empty" alleyway and is murdered by Silas.
In January 2011, India's sister, Texas (Bianca Hendrickse-Spendlove), ends up at Silas's mercy after taking drugs to help get through India's funeral. Hendrickse-Spendlove explained the situation to Inside Soap, saying "Texas has sex with Doug to get cocaine and a cocktail of tranquillisers. But she's in such a state that she misses the funeral." Texas is a "complete wreck" and after she is thrown out of Chez Chez nightclub, Silas finds her and takes her to the woods. Hendrickse-Spendlove said that "It really looks like she's about to meet the same horrible fate as her sister". Silas eventually decides not to kill Texas.
Commenting on Silas's decision, Hendrickse-Spendlove said "In her drugged-up state, Texas says it should have been her who died rather than sweet India. Silas feels a pang of guilt and tries to redeem himself by taking Texas to hospital." The actress added that even though Silas has let her off this time, he could strike again.
Jenny's murder
It was reported that Silas sets newcomer Jenny (Daisy Turner) in his sights as his next victim in April 2011. Jenny is in desperate need of money and decides to use her skills as a con artist and starts talking to a "rich old man" online, wanting to arrange a meeting, drug him and steal his wallet and cards. Jenny has no idea that she is talking to Silas. Rawle called it a "tantalising game of cat and mouse". Jenny thinks Silas is a millionaire who she can get the better of, and Silas thinks she will be a "soft" target for him. Rawle explained that the Hollyoaks team are keen to keep educating viewers about "stranger danger" on the internet. He said "It's an ongoing message we're trying to put out that the internet can be a dangerous place. Silas could be grooming up to 200 girls, waiting for just one to let down their guard - and that's where Jenny comes in." Jenny realises that Silas is not a "harmless pensioner" after she looks through his bag, which contains a rope, a knife and some gloves. Rawle opined that Jenny is a "very clever adversary" for Silas. Jenny is chased through the woods and realises that Silas has given her the drugged drink that was meant for him. Jenny starts to feel "woozy" and Rawle said that "there was no way that she could get away with drugging Silas". The actor added that Jenny would have to be "quite audacious" to outsmart someone who has been a killer for quite some time. Silas then murders Jenny. Jenny is revealed to be Rebecca Massey, the girlfriend of Doug Carter (PJ Brennan). Brennan hoped that Doug would be involved in Silas's downfall and said "I have my fingers crossed that Doug will be somehow involved, as I'd love him to be". Brennan also hoped that a "little bit of a Scooby Gang" would get together and solve the murders.
Feud with Lynsey Nolan
Silas sets his sights on Lynsey Nolan (Karen Hassan) as his next potential victim. Jamil Fadel (Sikander Malik) and Lee Hunter (Alex Carter) start their own radio show and recruit Lynsey to be their on-air agony aunt. Lynsey's advice to "sexually charged" young people does not go down well with Silas. Hassan said that Silas assumes the worst about Lynsey. Silas grows more furious when Lynsey dresses up in a sexy nurse's outfit for the radio's webcam. Lynsey is "horrified" as her flat becomes dark and Silas grabs her from behind. However, Silas is scared off as Lynsey's screams are heard by Silas's grandson, Riley Costello (Rob Norbury), who arrives to rescue her. Lynsey realises that it was Silas who attacked her and tells people, but they do not believe her. Discussing the plot, Bronagh Waugh (who plays Lynsey's best friend Cheryl Brady) explained that everyone thinks that Lynsey is crazy and making the allegation up. She said "Lynsey's really upset about it and asks Cheryl for some help. While she hates seeing her best friend in that kind of state, she thinks Lynsey's just being paranoid and Silas is a really upstanding member of society." As no one accepts Lynsey's allegation, she wants to bring Silas down even more. Hassan stated that Lynsey is determined to find the evidence she needs to expose Silas. Riley realises that Lynsey is telling the truth and confronts Silas, who has a heart attack. Riley brings Silas into hospital, but Lynsey is not sure whether Silas is genuinely ill. Lynsey is assigned as his nurse and withholds his oxygen mask until he admits that he attacked her. Heidi walks in on Lynsey withholding treatment from Silas and Lynsey calls for help. Norbury later told Digital Spy that he did not think Riley's suspicions of Silas would ever completely go and "everything that happened shook [Riley] up a bit".
In March 2011, Hassan revealed that Silas sees an opportunity to get even with Lynsey when he sees her handing over diet pills to Cheryl. Lynsey buys the pills for Cheryl off the internet, which Hassan told All About Soap is "completely innocent". Silas sees Lynsey giving the pills to Cheryl and sees an opportunity to get his own back. Hassan explained that Silas's "evil instincts kick in once again" and he swaps Cheryl's pills for his own medication. Cheryl takes the wrong pills and ends up collapsing. Lynsey and Cheryl's employee, Rhys Ashworth (Andrew Moss), find Cheryl slumped unconscious. Hassan said that "It's a terrifying moment for Lynsey, who's overcome with guilt for putting her best friend in hospital". The doctors tell Lynsey that a high level of sedative has been found in Cheryl's blood, but Lynsey is completely flummoxed by how it could have got there. Hassan continued that it does not cross Lynsey's mind that Silas would want to hurt Cheryl, but opined that "the penny will eventually drop for her". The actress added that Silas is trying to "blacken" Lynsey's name. Discussing the storyline, Waugh later promised that there would be some "really good" stuff coming up. She told Inside Soap, "Silas will continue to run amok and that's going to build to a big crescendo. Lots of people in the village are involved with the storyline, so that's what we're working towards at the moment."
Lynsey gets back into Silas's "bad books" when he finds her looking at his hospital records. Silas then tries to scare Lynsey off with a menacing warning. In August 2011, Rawle confirmed that Silas would start terrorising Lynsey. Rawle explained that Silas is intent on discrediting Lynsey as she knows he is a killer. He said "[Silas's] job over the next few weeks, it's like a war of attrition - [He is] going to wear her down and send her mad." Lynsey is determined to see Silas punished for his crimes as the investigation into India's murder gathers pace. Of this, Hassan told Inside Soap "When Silas realises that Lynsey is on his case again, he basically tells her to bring it on." Silas "gets off" on the idea that Lynsey is trying to stop him from killing again and Hassan said "it makes the game a lot more interesting". Lynsey's suspicions are reconfirmed when she sees Silas among the press at a televised appeal about India's attacker. Lynsey frames Silas by planting India's necklace on him before ringing the police anonymously. Hassan said that Lynsey hopes Silas's "web of lies" will unravel. Lynsey's attempt to frame him backfires.
Silas plots to discredit Lynsey by making it seem as if she is having a breakdown. Silas plans to send Lynsey mad so that no one will listen to her. Rawle said that Silas delights in the idea that Lynsey thinks she is good enough to play him. Silas puts a webcam in Lynsey's flat in order to watch her. He sneaks into the house and plays tricks on Lynsey by turning the gas on and writing a "sinister" message on her mirror with lipstick. Of this, Rawle explained: "Silas alters Lynsey's reality – so when she insists that one thing is happening, it appears not to be the case the next minute." Silas sneaks into Lynsey's flat at night and moves her things around which Rawle said is "a subtle way of sending a person barmy". Lynsey's friends do not believe her accusations and question her state of mind, so she leaves the village. Lynsey's friend, Brendan Brady (Emmett J. Scanlan), sees Silas watching Lynsey as she is leaving and Hassan said that "[Brendan] starts to think there's something odd about him".
In September 2011, Lynsey becomes intrigued when Texas tells her that she is receiving messages from a girl on the internet dating website that India used. Lynsey is convinced that Silas is posing as the girl and goes through Texas's phone to make contact with the girl. Lynsey arranges to meet with the girl and convinces journalist Nancy Hayton (Jessica Fox) to come with her. However, Lynsey is left alone after Silas sends Nancy on a job at the last minute and the girl does not arrive. Lynsey arranges another meeting with the girl. Lynsey realises she is in the woods with Silas alone and Hassan said that Lynsey is "absolutely terrified".
Rae Wilson's murder
In August 2011, a video was leaked containing footage of Silas supposedly preparing to attack Theresa McQueen (Jorgie Porter) at a night-time rave. This led viewers to believe that Theresa would become Silas's next victim. It was then revealed that Silas would feature in the fourth series of the Hollyoaks late-night spin-off Hollyoaks Later. It was confirmed that Silas would line Theresa up as his next victim. Porter said it was "amazing" to be involved in the storyline. The storyline begins when Theresa's aunt, Myra McQueen (Nicole Barber-Lane), inappropriately touches Silas and blames it on Theresa. This puts Theresa in danger as Silas targets girls who he is unhappy with because of their behaviour. Silas hates girls who are promiscuous and Porter opined that Theresa is "probably a prime suspect" as she enjoys receiving men's attention. Theresa signs up for an online dating website as she wants to find love. Theresa's love interest, Will Savage (James Atherton), learns of this and talks to Silas about it. Porter stated that Silas is being "clever" as he befriends Will while plotting against Theresa. Silas encourages Will to set up a fake profile on the website to check on Theresa. Will creates an online alter ego named Juan which Silas is involved with. Theresa makes contact with the profile online, not realising she is putting herself in danger. Porter said that it "scary and worrying" but would not confirm whether Silas kills Theresa. Hollyoaks series producer, Emma Smithwick, confirmed that the spin-off would feature the death of a regular character.
When the episodes aired, Silas does not murder Theresa and in a dark storyline twist, Rae Wilson (Alice Barlow) becomes his next victim. Viewers were not informed that Barlow was leaving the show and Rae's departure storyline was kept secret. Rae tells Silas that Brendan has threatened to kill her. She annoys Silas by telling him she plans to use men for flings after being hurt too many times. Silas realises he has an opportunity to frame Brendan. Silas brutally beats Rae and strangles her to death in an alleyway. In the months leading up to her exit, viewers began to speculate that Rae would become the Silas's next victim. Barlow had to attempt to discredit the rumours and denied speculation that she was leaving Hollyoaks. She did this because she wanted viewers to be "surprised and shocked" by her exit. Barlow said the fact that Rae's death aired in late night episodes of the serial made an opportunity to be creative with the content. There were "no limits" and they could "do whatever they wanted with it". The actress described Rae's death scene as "absolutely incredible" and said she loved working with Rawle. On-screen Silas plans to frame Brendan for Rae's murder and places her body in Brendan's car. Silas also plants the murder weapon in Brendan's bedroom. Brendan is arrested and charged for Rae's murder after evidence is found against him.
Storyline climax
In August 2011, Rawle revealed that Silas's storyline would soon come to a conclusion. He told This Morning "[...] We've been waiting a long time to see what's going to happen with Silas and over the next three months we've got some cracking storylines which end in an awful climax, which I can't say anything about." The actor also opined that Silas's family would be "ripped asunder" after finding out that he is a killer. Marquess first mentioned the storyline's climax in January 2011. He told Digital Spy "I know what the ending of the serial killer story will be, when it is, and I know how brilliant it is. I'm hoping that story will have the audience jumping up and down and shouting at the telly, because it's got a really big 'look behind you' element to it."
Mercedes McQueen
In May 2011, Silas takes a dislike to Riley's fiancé, Mercedes McQueen (Jennifer Metcalfe), after he learns of her promiscuity. Silas attempts and fails to attack Mercedes with a candlestick when her back is turned. Metcalfe later hinted that Mercedes may have to watch her back in the future when it comes to Silas. She said "[Silas] is a tough cookie, isn't he? I think every girl in the village needs to watch their back where Silas is concerned..." In October 2011, it was reported that Silas would hold Mercedes captive in a vault. Silas decides to teach heavily pregnant Mercedes a lesson after she confesses to an affair with Riley's father, Carl Costello (Paul Opacic). Silas's plan is to keep Mercedes alive until she has given birth and then murder her. Metcalfe called the plot "brilliant" and said it was "quite flattering" to be trusted with it. The actress explained that Mercedes thinks that she is going to die whilst being help captive. Mercedes also fears that her baby is going to die. Metcalfe said that it does not take long for Mercedes to realise that Silas is responsible for the recent murders. Silas wants to keep the baby alive, but not Mercedes. Therefore, Silas does the "bare minimum" for Mercedes, giving her water, a small amount of food and keeping her warm. Daniel Kilkelly of Digital Spy opined that storyline sounds "really dark" and asked Metcalfe whether Hollyoaks are pushing the boundaries with it. Metcalfe revealed that "they are a little bit", saying "It's all shot in a very clever way, so it was fine when it came to compliance. But it was difficult and there was a lot of stuff that we had to be really careful about when we were filming it." Metcalfe would not reveal whether Mercedes survives her encounter with Silas.
Halloween
In October 2011, Silas tells Lynsey that he is planning to murder again and that she has until midnight on Halloween to identify his next victim. He promises Lynsey that if she works out who his next victim is he will confess his crimes to the police, but if she fails another girl will die. Lynsey has to go along with Silas's mind game after everyone still refuses to believe her claims about him. Hassan explained that Silas does not care if he gets caught or perishes in the process. He reminds Lynsey of his plan by sending her clues and presents, such as a chess queen and a pumpkin containing the message "Tick tock, time is running out". Lynsey confides in Doug and tells him what Silas is doing. Silas picks out four potential victims: Lynsey, Texas, Theresa and Amy Barnes (Ashley Slanina-Davies). He then marks each one of them with chess pieces which are planted in their homes or bags. Silas sends Lynsey a Catwoman outfit with an instruction to wear it at the fancy dress Halloween party at Chez Chez nightclub. Lynsey confides in Doug and tells him what Silas is planning and Brennan said he was "very, very happy" to be involved in the storyline again. Doug believes Lynsey, of which Hassan said "On one hand, she feels like she shouldn't be dragging [Doug] into this mess, but she knows that she needs someone on her side". The actress added that Lynsey cannot believe her luck as Doug show her kindness and friendship and she wonders why she did not confide in him months ago. Rawle revealed that nobody in the village is safe, saying "Theresa's already in his sights, Lynsey is a possible and so is Mercedes - he really doesn't like the McQueens!" He added that there are "lots of other women" whose morals Silas would find questionable.
On-screen, Silas accidentally murders his daughter, Heidi Costello (Kim Tiddy). Silas reveals to Lynsey that she was his intended victim and vows to kill her. When Lynsey manages to escape from Silas, he follows her and confuses Heidi with Lynsey as they are wearing identical Catwoman costumes. Silas hits Heidi, who he mistakes for Lynsey, over the head with a brick, before strangling her to death. Silas is devastated when he realises that he has killed Heidi. The Daily Star had previously reported that Silas would kill Heidi, but this was not confirmed by Hollyoaks producers. Tiddy called the storyline "fantastic" and said the twist of Silas killing Heidi was "great". Tiddy opined that Heidi's death would affect Silas, saying "I think we'll see some remorse from him, as killing Heidi was a genuine mistake, and that's what is so great about the storyline. I hope we see some remorse!"
2012 return
On 18 June 2012, Rawle was pictured on a night out with the cast, which started speculation that Silas would return. The following day a paparazzo travelled to the set of Hollyoaks where he managed to picture Rawle with reading scripts. Digital Spy's Kilkelly reported that the cast been celebrating Rawle's "shock comeback". It was later confirmed Rawle would return and a promotional video featuring his character was released. Rawle explained the reason for Silas's return to the serial saying that "there was still more to explore" and there were "unanswered questions" within the storyline. A week before Silas's return Lynsey was killed off in a whodunnit storyline with Silas becoming a suspect in the murder. It was later confirmed that initial scenes will feature Texas visiting Silas at the psychiatric hospital to try to find answers for Lynsey's murder after it is feared the case is related to Silas. Soon after it emerged Silas's later scenes will feature his escape from hospital.
Rawle explained that Silas has accepted he is to be in the secure psychiatric unit until he dies so he plans to manipulate the outside world from inside as a means of living out his murderous fantasies. Rawle revealed that Silas has a "nagging feeling" that he made a mistake in killing India and that he wishes he could put it right. He said that his character meant to murder Texas so he now wants to kill her as she is the "one that got away". Hendrickse-Spendlove also commented that Silas initially intended to kill Texas so she is "the final piece of the puzzle for him, and then his 'work' will be complete". Silas tells Texas another murder will soon occur which is an opportunity to "play games". He is "delighted" to have an audience during the visits and begins to "make lots of threats". Rawle explained that Silas sees that Texas has India's ring which is "symbolic" for Silas as he had previously taken it as a trophy. Texas taunts Silas with the ring and agrees to exchange it for information on Lynsey's murder. Rawle explained that Silas tells Texas that Will Savage (James Atherton) is responsible for Lynsey's murder which is because "Silas knows that Texas and Will are close, so he points the finger of suspicion his way". He said that Silas would "put quite a few people in the frame" for the murder. Hendrickse-Spendlove said that Texas is "manipulated" by Silas when he makes her believe Will is responsible for Lynsey's murder. Silas escapes from hospital and goes to visit Texas. Hendrickse-Spendlove explained that Texas "opens her front door, sees Silas and thinks, 'This is it - my life is over', to see him standing there with no police restraint, knowing that he murdered her sister India, is absolutely petrifying". Silas tells Texas that he now intends to complete what he began. Hendrickse-Spendlove would not reveal whether Texas survives the ordeal but said that Texas is "never going to be safe again" regardless of the outcome. In August 2012, Laura-Jayne Tyler from Inside Soap confirmed that there were no current plans for Silas to return, but the door had been left open for him.
2016 return
The character was reintroduced in January 2016 as part of the show's latest serial killer story. Producers kept his return under a press embargo to surprise viewers and Rawle filmed his return on a weekend. The actor was surprised to be invited back to the show as he believed that Silas would never return, especially after four years. Silas returns when he visits Trevor Royle (Greg Wood) in prison after he is arrested for a series of murders. He poses under the alias "Mister E Mann", a writer interested in the case. Upon speaking to Trevor, he realises that he is innocent and leaves. Silas' return ties in with the show's long-running "Gloved Hand Killer" storyline, where doctor Lindsey Roscoe (Sophie Austin) has killed multiple characters. A trailer released on 27 January 2016 confirmed that Silas would appear again in upcoming episodes as he searches for the killer. Silas appears at Dee Valley Hospital to seek more information about the murders, where he speaks to nurse Tegan Lomax (Jessica Ellis). Ellis enjoyed working with Rawle and admitted that she thought that the killer could be Silas before it was revealed to be Lindsey. The actress revealed that Silas would continue to appear as he becomes "desperate for answers".
Silas' return builds towards the conclusion of the Gloved Hand Killer story. Rawle liked the story and thought it was a "really good idea" with a surprising ending. Austin teased that her character may work with Silas in "explosive scenes". This was later confirmed via a promotional video. A show spokesperson said that Silas teams up with Lindsey in "a tale of old buried grudges and new nemeses". Silas and Lindsey eventually meet when he poses as a HR representative at the hospital. He tells Lindsey that he is admires her career, suggesting that he knows she is the killer. Following this, Hollyoaks released a promotional image of Silas and Lindsey. Austin's departure from the series was announced on 20 March 2016. She confirmed that Silas and Mercedes would feature in her exit, calling it "tense" and "exciting". When Lindsey is exposed as the killer, she goes on the run with help from Silas. Daisy Wood-Davis, who portrays Lindsey's sister Kim Butterfield, told Charlotte Tutton of OK! that she would star opposite Rawle as part of the story. The scenes feature Kim arranging to meet a man online - revealed to be Silas - after seeking answers about Lindsey.
Writers created a showdown for Silas and Mercedes as part of his return stint. A promotional clip of the meeting was released on the show's social media featuring the pair playing chess to decide on whether she lives or dies. Rawle explained that Silas blames Mercedes for the breakdown of his own family and believes that he should have killed her when he was able to. As they play chess, Silas notices Mercedes' necklace and they discuss the stillbirth of her son Gabriel McQueen. Rawle ruled out another return for Silas unless he was offered a "very strong storyline".
Reception
For his portrayal of Silas, Rawle received a nomination in the "Villain of the Year" category at the 2011 British Soap Awards. In 2012 he received a British Soap Awards nomination in the category of "Best Villain". At the All About Soap Bubble Awards Silas won "Best Villain" and the scenes in which he murdered Heidi won the "Best Episode" award. Digital Spy readers voted the Silas storyline the "Best Soap Storyline" of 2011 in a poll run by the entertainment website.
Kilkelly described India's murder episodes as "unmissable" and "two of the strongest episodes of the year". He later labelled Silas "one of [Hollyoaks] best ever villains". In a poll run by Digital Spy, Texas visiting Silas was voted the plot viewers were most looking forward to with 63.1% of the total votes. The following week readers voted Silas's escape as the storyline they were most looking forward to watching with 64.2% of the total vote. Tutton (OK!) named Silas "possibly the creepiest villain in soap". A Digital Spy journalist dubbed Silas and Lindsey "the most murderous duo of them all". In March 2016, Sophie Dainty from the website named the character the worst soap villain currently appearing in a British soap opera, and the second worst male soap villain of all-time. She called Silas "without a doubt the most cold-blooded psychopath in Soapland".
In 2016, Rawle revealed that the character had received a "cult following", which surprised him due to Silas' murderous ways. He called Silas "the ultimate baddie" with "no redeeming features whatsoever" and dubbed him "almost Dickensian".
Norbury (Riley) opined that it was "unbelievable" to work with Rawle, saying "You can learn everything from Jeff - he's been there, done it and he knows everyone!" Kingston (who plays India) called Rawle "amazing" and said she was pleased upon learning that he would play Silas. Kilkelly of Digital Spy praised Rawle's performance, stating: "Jeff Rawle [...] does a fantastic job of portraying the dual role of the affable older man and sinister killer. He should definitely be one to watch out for as he becomes a more permanent fixture in the village in the weeks ahead." Rachel Shenton (who plays Mitzeee) described Rawle as "brilliant" and said the storyline is "really interesting". In September 2011, Porter (Theresa) praised Rawle, calling him a "brilliant actor". Barlow (Rae) said Rawle was "amazing" and a "dream come true" to work with. Hassan (Lynsey) praised Rawle, saying she really enjoyed working with him. She said "Jeff has the ability to turn any scene into a really great, gritty scene, so for me it's been like taking a masterclass, really."
See also
List of Hollyoaks characters (2010)
List of soap opera villains
References
External links
Character profile at the Hollyoaks website
Hollyoaks characters
Fictional criminals in soap operas
Fictional prisoners and detainees
Fictional serial killers
Fictional stalkers
Fictional uxoricides
British male characters in television
Male villains
Television characters introduced in 2010 |
Lauren Miller is an American rower. Miller was a Pan American Games champion when she won gold in the mixed eight at the 2023 Pan Am Games.
Biography
Lauren Miller rowed for the University of Minnesota.
References
American rowers
Living people |
Wikander is a surname and may refer to:
David Wikander (1884–1955), Swedish musicologist, organist and composer
Ola Wikander (born 1981), Swedish writer, translator and theologian
Stig Wikander (1908–1983), Swedish indologist, iranologist and historian of religions
Örjan Wikander (born 1943), Swedish classical archaeologist and ancient historian
See also
Vikander |
Temperanceville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Accomack County, Virginia, United States. It was first listed as a CDP in 2010. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 308.
Temperanceville was originally built up chiefly by Quakers.
It lies at an elevation of 43 feet.
Demographics
2020 census
References
Census-designated places in Accomack County, Virginia
Census-designated places in Virginia |
On August 13, 1950, the paddle steamer Mayakovsky (named for Soviet poet Vladimir Mayakovsky) sank at around 12:00 pm local time due to overloading of the vessel with too many people. Mayakovsky sank in the Daugava River that bisects Riga, not more than from the present day site of the Stone Bridge. A total of 147 people died, including 48 children. It was the deadliest peacetime disaster in Soviet Latvian history. At the time, Latvia was a republic within the Soviet Union, under the rule of Joseph Stalin, and news of the disaster was not published in the state-controlled press. On August 19, 2011, almost 20 years after the breakup of the Soviet Union and Latvia regaining its independence, a memorial plaque was dedicated at the Stone Bridge (the Akmens tilts) in memory of the victims.
References
"Piemiņas plāksne kuģa „Majakovskij” katastrofā bojāgājušajiem" (Latvian)
1950 in the Soviet Union
Maritime incidents in 1950
1950 in Latvia
Man-made disasters in Latvia
Maritime incidents in the Soviet Union
20th century in Riga
Steamships of the Soviet Union
Steamships of Latvia |
Kirkcudbrightshire is a county in Scotland.
Kirkcudbrightshire can also refer to:
Kirkcudbright Stewartry (UK Parliament constituency), also known as Kirkcudbrightshire
Kirkcudbrightshire (Parliament of Scotland constituency) |
Arixiuna varians is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1881. It is known from Costa Rica, Mexico and Guatemala.
References
Hemilophini
Beetles described in 1881 |
Scolochilus is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:
Scolochilus lautus Monné & Tavakilian, 1988
Scolochilus maculatus Monné, 1979
References
Phacellini |
Malik-Shah III (died in 1160) ruled as Sultan of Great Seljuq from 1152–53. He was the son of Mahmud II of Great Seljuq. In 1153, he was deposed and was succeeded by his brother, Muhammad. Following his death in 1160, his son Mahmud was held in Istakhr by the Salghurids as a rival claimant to the Seljuq throne.
References
Seljuk rulers
1160 deaths
Year of birth unknown |
The Belleville Dutch Reformed Church, listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Reformed Dutch Church of Second River, is a historic church located in Belleville, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. Founded as a Dutch Reformed church in 1697, it is named after the Second River, which is a tributary of the Passaic River. The church was rebuilt in 1725 and again in 1807. The church steeple was used as an observation post during the American Revolution. Over 62 Revolutionary soldiers are buried in the adjacent graveyard. The current church building was built in 1853.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, New Jersey
References
Belleville, New Jersey
Churches in Essex County, New Jersey
Dutch-American culture in New Jersey
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey
Presbyterian churches in New Jersey
Reformed Church in America churches in New Jersey
Former Dutch Reformed churches in the United States
1697 establishments in New Jersey
Churches completed in 1853
19th-century Reformed Church in America church buildings
Gothic Revival church buildings in New Jersey
Former churches in New Jersey
National Register of Historic Places in Essex County, New Jersey
New Jersey Register of Historic Places |
```python
import numpy as np
import pytest
from smac.model.abstract_model import AbstractModel
from smac.utils.configspace import convert_configurations_to_array
__license__ = "3-clause BSD"
def get_X_y(cs, n_samples, n_instance_features):
X = convert_configurations_to_array(cs.sample_configuration(n_samples))
if n_instance_features is not None and n_instance_features > 0:
X_inst = np.random.rand(n_samples, n_instance_features)
X = np.hstack((X, X_inst))
y = np.random.rand(n_samples)
return X, y
def _train(X, Y):
return None
def test_no_pca(configspace_small, make_scenario):
n_instances = 100
n_instance_features = 10
n_samples = 5
scenario = make_scenario(
configspace_small,
use_instances=True,
n_instances=n_instances,
n_instance_features=n_instance_features,
)
model = AbstractModel(configspace_small, scenario.instance_features, pca_components=7)
# We just overwrite the function as mock here
model._train = _train
# No PCA
X, y = get_X_y(configspace_small, n_samples, n_instance_features)
model.train(X, y)
assert not model._apply_pca
X, y = get_X_y(configspace_small, n_samples, n_instance_features + 1)
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Feature mismatch.*"):
model.train(X, y)
X_test, _ = get_X_y(configspace_small, n_samples, None)
with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
model.predict_marginalized(X_test)
X_test, _ = get_X_y(configspace_small, n_samples, 10)
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Feature mismatch.*"):
model.predict_marginalized(X_test)
def test_pca(configspace_small, make_scenario):
n_instances = 100
n_instance_features = 10
n_samples = 155
scenario = make_scenario(
configspace_small,
use_instances=True,
n_instances=n_instances,
n_instance_features=n_instance_features,
)
model = AbstractModel(configspace_small, scenario.instance_features, pca_components=7)
# We just overwrite the function as mock here
model._train = _train
# PCA
X, y = get_X_y(configspace_small, n_samples, n_instance_features)
model.train(X, y)
assert model._apply_pca
X, y = get_X_y(configspace_small, n_samples, n_instance_features + 1)
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Feature mismatch.*"):
model.train(X, y)
X_test, _ = get_X_y(configspace_small, n_samples, None)
with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
model.predict_marginalized(X_test)
X_test, _ = get_X_y(configspace_small, n_samples, 10)
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Feature mismatch.*"):
model.predict_marginalized(X_test)
``` |
Colomesus asellus, the Amazon puffer, asellus puffer, South American freshwater puffer or Peruvian puffer is a species of pufferfish confined to the Amazon, Essequibo and Orinoco basins in tropical South America. It is a popular aquarium species.
It has typically been recognized as the only true freshwater pufferfish of South America, but a study in 2013 recommended that the population in the Tocantins River basin (quite similar to C. asellus in appearance, but differs in genetics) should be considered as a separate species, C. tocantinensis. This is followed by Catalog of Fishes, but not FishBase.
Description
The coloration of this fish is green above, white below, and patterned with black transverse bands across the dorsal surface. Compared with Colomesus psittacus, the black bands on the back are much thicker, and it also has a distinctive black band that rings the base of the caudal fin. This species grows to a length of SL. It is known to contain the toxin saxitoxin, and gonyautoxin such as the GTX 2 and GTX 3.
Ecology
Colomesus asellus is normally only found in freshwater environments although it will tolerate slightly brackish water.
Wild Colomesus asellus are reported to consume benthic crustaceans, fish, planktonic invertebrates, and plants. Aquarium specimens consume various invertebrates including midge larvae and Mysida.
Like other pufferfish, they have the ability to inflate themselves when threatened, making themselves much larger and therefore more difficult for predators to handle or swallow. Colomesus asellus is unusual among freshwater pufferfish for being migratory and non-territorial.
Colomesus asellus is known to breed during the wet season, spawning in rivers, with the numerous small eggs being scattered on the substrate and the larvae drifting downstream. Colomesus asellus is nearly impossible to breed in the aquarium because their eggs are very small and they go through a planktonic phase before growing into "real'' fish.
In the aquarium
Colomesus asellus is fairly widely kept as an aquarium fish. An aquarium tank with volume of at least 109 liters is required ( approx. 29 US gallons). Compared to other freshwater pufferfish, Colomesus asellus is unusual in being tolerant of conspecifics and tends to be nervous when kept singly. It is known to be a fin-nipper and could attack slow moving species such as angelfish, guppies, and Corydoras. Colomesus asellus has some of the fastest growing teeth of the freshwater puffers so, feeding crunchy foods and possibly having to do dentistry are two important factors.''
References
Tetraodontidae
Fish described in 1849 |
Hellandfjellet is a mountain in Prins Karls Forland, Svalbard. It has a height of 571 m.a.s.l., and is located at the northern part of the island. The mountain is named after Norwegian geologist Amund Helland.
References
Mountains of Prins Karls Forland |
Shell Presents was an early attempt at Australian television drama, being an umbrella title for several different productions. It debuted on 4 April 1959, and aired on ATN-7 and GTV-9, who split production of plays for the series between them. It was an anthology series, each program being a self-contained play for television. The series won a Logie award in 1960 for TV Highlight of 1959. As the title suggests, it was sponsored by Shell. It was described as "a very big deal for the station: major institutional sponsorship from international companies for locally produced drama." It would be followed by The General Motors Hour.
Though it usually presented straight drama, it also presented a live musical production titled Pardon Miss Westcott, set in colonial-era Australia. A total of 13 productions aired under the Shell Presents banner from 1959 to 1960. There is little information about this series online, however, some of the productions are held at the National Film and Sound Archive
ATN-7 originally announced that the second episode of Shell Presents would be an adaptation of Children of the Sun by Morris West but that was not made.
The first drama from GTV-9 in Melbourne was meant to be a production of Arthur Miller's All My Sons.
Some of the productions were based on overseas plays (such as Thunder of Silence), while some were locally written, such as The Big Day (by Sydney author John Ford).
An article in the 30 October 1960 edition of the Sydney Morning Herald called Australian TV is growing up, while not mentioning it by name, nevertheless provides some information on the series. The article said that the production of "modestly unpretentious" soap opera Autumn Affair provided some of the experience needed to produce Shell Presents productions like Johnny Belinda, and listed the cost to produce Pardon Miss Westcott at £5,000 (a considerable budget at the time). It mentions that work on a live drama production of the era started a month to six weeks before telecast, and that a video-tape of the final rehearsal was made so cast and camera crew could correct last minute faults.
Five of the episodes may have been shown in Perth during 1960 on station TVW-7.
History
In February 1959 leading Australian writers were invited to present plays for the series.
Episodes
Ratings Success
On 20 July 1959 a Sydney Morning Herald article said the program had an estimated audience of around 300,000 in both Sydney and in Melbourne.
See also
List of live television plays broadcast on Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1950s) – One-off plays on ABC
Killer in Close-Up – 1957–1958 anthology of four half-hour plays on ABC
List of television plays broadcast on ATN-7
References
External links
Shell Presents at National Film and Sound Archive
Shell Presents at Austlit
Seven Network original programming
Nine Network original programming
1950s Australian drama television series
1959 Australian television series debuts
1960 Australian television series endings
1950s Australian television plays
Black-and-white Australian television shows
English-language television shows
Australian anthology television series
Television shows set in Sydney
Television shows set in Melbourne |
Tamara Ivanivna Hundorova (Ukrainian: Гундорова Тамара Іванівна; born 17 July 1955, Klimivka, Karlivka Raion, Poltava Oblast) is a Ukrainian literary critic, culturologist and writer. She is a professor and head of the Theory of Literature Department at the Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and a professor and dean at the Ukrainian Free University.
On 30 May 2017, she was appointed as a member of the Scientific Committee of the by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.
Biography
Hundorova was born on 17 July 1955 in Klimivka, a village in Poltava Oblast in Ukraine.
She graduated from the Department of Ukrainian Language and Literature at Kyiv University, and attended postgraduate studies at the Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Hundorova started working at the Institute of Literature at the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in 1981. In September 1990, she, along with Vira Ageyeva, and Natalka Shumylo were invited by Solomiia Pavlychko, a philosophy professor at the University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy to launch an initiative to found women's studies in Ukraine. They created the "Feminist Seminar" at the Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences. It was the first time the methodology of feminist analysis and gender criticism was introduced in the country. These same women established a feminist section in the academic journal Slovo i Chas (Word and Time) and began publishing works such her article Femina Melancholica: Sex and Culture. The work of these scholars inspired other academics throughout Ukraine to establish women's and gender studies programs.
She taught at the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy from 1994 to 1997 and the University of Toronto in Canada, in 1999. In 2002, she became the head of the National Academy, Institute of Literature's department of literary theory. She also taught the summer school of Harvard University in 2004, and the Ukrainian Free University in 2003 and 2005. In 2009, she was a Yacyk Distinguished Fellow at the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute and she is the dean of the Ukrainian Free University in Munich.
She also taught at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv from 2005 to 2010, and taught a special course at the Ukrainian Catholic University in Lviv. She has given presentations at international conferences in Ukraine and abroad, as well as lectured at universities in the United States (Yale, Columbia, Harvard), Canada (Universities of Toronto, Alberta, Manitoba), and Great Britain.
Hundorova was an intern at Monash University (Australia) between 1991 and 1992. She also worked at the Harriman Institute at Columbia University in 1997, the Ukrainian Research Institute at Harvard University in 2001, and the Slavic Research Center at Hokkaido University, Japan in 2004.
She was a Fulbright Scholar in the US for the 1998, 2009, and 2011–2012 academic years.
Hundorova's research focuses on feminism, gender studies, literary theory, postcolonial criticism, modernism and postmodernism.
Public activities
In 2002, Hundorova was the vice-president of the . From 2005 to 2014, she was a member of the Expert Council of the Higher Attestation Commission of Ukraine, and between 2012 and 2014, she was president of the International Association for the Humanities (IAG).
She has also been a member of the editorial and advisory boards of the Journal of Ukrainian Studies, , , and HELIKON Publishing House, and has been a member of PEN Ukraine.
Writing
Hundorova has written books on modern Ukrainian literature, specifically interpreting works through postmodern, postcolonial, gender, and psychoanalytic theories. Her works focus on the transitions in Ukraine during the early twentieth and twenty-first century. She has written about Ukrainian postmodernism at the turn of the twenty-first century, using the phrase "post-Chernobyl library" as a metaphor, and also has written on subjects of melancholy, popular culture and kitsch.
Her work has been published in the magazines Word and Time (formerly Радянське літературознавство (Soviet Literary Studies)), Krytyka, , , , , , Acta Slavica Japonica, Journal of Ukrainian Studies, Slavia orientalis, Dubrovnik. Casopis za knjizevnost i znanost, Porownania. Komparatystyka i studia postkolonialne. Her work has also been published in the collections Постмодернизм в славянских литературах, Стус як текст, Ukraine in the 1990-s. Proceeding of the First Conference of the Ukraine Studies Association of Australia (Melbourne, 1992), and From Sovietology to Postcoloniality (Stockholm, 2007). She was the author of chapters in Історії української літератури ХХ ст. (English: History of Ukrainian Literature of the 20th Century) (K., 1993).
Reviews of Hundorova's works have been published in the magazines "Critique" (Ukrainian: Критика), "Mirror Weekly", "", "", "", "Slavia - Casopis pro slovanskou filologii", "Journal of Ukrainian Studies", "Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch", "Zeitschrift fur Slavische Philologie", and "Canadian Slavonic Papers".
Publications
"Ukrainian Euromaidan as Social and Cultural Performance" in the book Revolution and War in Contemporary Ukraine: The Challenge of Change (Stuttgart, 2016)
"Symptom of the Loser and the Melancholy of Post-Soviet Generation" in the book Eastern European Youth Culture in a Global Context (Palgrave Macmillan, 2016).
Monographs
Інтелігенція і народ в повістях Івана Франка 80-х років — Kyiv: Наукова думка, 1985
Франко і/не Каменяр (English: Franko Not the ‘Stonecutter’ ) — Melbourne: 1996; later edition, 2006
ПроЯвлення Слова. Дискурсія раннього українського модернізму— Lviv: Літопис, 1997; second edition, 2009
Femina melancholica. Стать і культура в гендерній утопії Ольги Кобилянської (English: Femina Melancholica: Sex and Culture in Olha Kobylianska's Gender Utopia) — Kyiv: Критика, 2002
Pisliachornobylska biblioteka (Ukrainian: Післячорнобильська бібліотека) — Kyiv: Критика. — 2005
— Kyiv: Факт, 2008
ПроЯвлення слова: дискурсія раннього українського модернізму — Вид. друге, перероб. та доп— Kyiv: Критика, 2009.
Транзитна культура. Симптоми постколоніальної травми: статті та есеї – Kyiv: Грані-Т, 2013
Selected papers and essays
Фрідріх Ніцше і український модернізм — Слово і час, 1997. — Number 4, pp. 29–33;
Europejski modernism czhy europejslie modernizmy? (Z perspektyvy ukrainskiej) in Odkryvanie modernizmu. Przeklady і komentarze. Red. R.Nycha. — Krakow: 1998 — pp. 521–529.
Методологічний тиск — Критика, 2002 — Parts 12(62), pp. 14–17
Інтелектуальна дистопія Юрія Луцького in Юрій Луцький. Літературна політика в радянській Україні. 1917—1934 — Кyiv: Гелікон, 2000 — pp. 9–16.
Жінка і Дзеркало — Ї. Культурологічний журнал, 2000 — No. 17, pp. 87–94.
У колисці міфу, або топос Києва в літературі українського модернізму — Київська старовина, 2000 — No. 6, pp. 74–82
Перевернений Рим, або „Енеїда” Котляревського як національний наратив — Сучасність, 2000 — No. 4, pp. 120–134
Модернізм як еротика „нового” (В. Винниченко і Ст. Пшибишевський) — Слово і час, 2000 — No. 7, pp. 17–25
Історіографічна формула Григорія Грабовича — Сучасність, 2001. — No. 6, pp. 116–129.
The Canon Reversed: New Ukrainian Literature of the 1990s — Journal of Ukrainian Studies, 2001 — Volume 26, Number 102, pp. 249–270
Ольга Кобилянська contra Ніцше, або Народження жінки з духу природи in Гендер і культура. Збірник статей — Kyiv: Факт, 2001 — pp. 34–52;
„Марлітівський стиль”: жіноче читання, масова література і Ольга Кобилянська in Гендерна перспектива — Kyiv: Факт, 2004 — pp. 19–35
Соцреалізм як масова культура — Сучасність, 2004 — part 6, pp. 52–66
„Малоросійський маскарад”: колоніальний дискурс в „Енеїді” Котляревського та навколо неї in На щедрий вечір. Збірник на пошану Євгена Сверстюка — Луцьк, 2004. — pp. 41–65
Карнавал после Чернобыля (топография украинского постмодернизма) in Постмодернизм в славянских литературах — Moscow: Институт славяноведения, 2004 — pp. 160–190
The Melancholy of Gender — Acta Slavica Iaponica, 2004 — volume 22, pp. 165–176
Слідами Адорно: масова культура і кіч — Критика, 2005. — parts 1–2 (87–88). — pp. 32–37
Нова жінка в Академії наук. Розмова Людмили Таран з Тамарою Гундоровою — Кур'єр Кривбасу, 2005 — No. 185, pp. 169–188
Жіночий роман — Незнайома. Антологія української „жіночої” прози та есеїстки другої Пол. ХХ — поч. ХХІ ст. Авторський проект Василя Габора. — Lviv: Піраміда, 2005 — pp. 110–115
Український окциденталізм: бути чи не бути Римом? — Критика, 2006, parts 1–2 (99–100) — pp. 31–36
Honors and awards
Tamara Gundorova was awarded the in 2006. Her book "Post-Chernobyl Library. Ukrainian Literary Postmodernism" was awarded the All-Ukrainian rating at the (nominated under "Literary Criticism and Essays"), and the book "Kitsch and Literature - Travesty" was awarded the All-Ukrainian rating at the "(nominated under "Reader - Literary Studies").
References
External links
Інтерв'ю з докторкою філологічних наук Тамарою Гундоровою: «Франко, кіч і Чорнобиль» /Сайт НАН України, 30.09.2020/
Гундорова Тамара Іванівна
Видавництво «Факт». Тамара Гундорова
Gender studies academics
Ukrainian literary critics
Ukrainian women literary critics
Academic staff of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
1955 births
Harvard Fellows
Deans (academic)
Women deans (academic)
Academic staff of Ukrainian Free University
Academic staff of the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy
Academic staff of the University of Toronto
Living people |
Vallées-d'Antraigues-Asperjoc is a commune in the Ardèche department in southern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2019 by merger of the former communes of Antraigues-sur-Volane and Asperjoc.
See also
Communes of the Ardèche department
References
Communes of Ardèche
Communes nouvelles of Ardèche
Populated places established in 2019
2019 establishments in France |
Puding County () is a county in west-central Guizhou province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Anshun.
Etymology
The name "Puding" () can be traced back to the Mongolian-rule Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), when in 1257, after the Mongolian army went to conquest southwest China, the imperial court set up a "Fu" named "Puding" in the area.
History
In the 3rd century BC, Puding County (Puding) was a part of an ancient political entity Yelang.
After the Tang Empire conquered Guizhou, a county named "Shi'an" () was set up and it came under the jurisdiction of Yan Zhou (), which symboled this land was formally annexed to the Tang Empire. In 755, the An Lushan Rebellion broke out, then the past decades of internal fighting had weakened the Tang Empire. Puding broke away from the rule of the Tang Empire. The native tribes founded the Luodian Kingdom ().
In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (907–960), it belonged to Shi'an County, part of which was owned by Wangjiang county ().
In 1257, the Mongols occupied Puding and established Puding Prefecture () and it came under the administration of Qujing Xuanweisi (). In 1351, Puding County was separated from Puding Prefecture.
In 1381, in the ruling of Hongwu Emperor (1368–1398) of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), Puding Castle was founded and it came under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Dusi (). In 1438, in the 3rd year of Zhengtong era (1436–1449), Puding County was under the administration of Guizhou Dusi ().
During the reign of Kangxi Emperor of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), Puding County belonged to Anshun Prefecture ().
After the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912, Puding County was briefly revoked but immediately restored in the following year. In 1914, some areas of Anshun, Zhenning, Langdai, Zhijin and Pingba were merged into Puding County. In 1935, Puding County came under the jurisdiction of the (Anshun) Second Administrative Supervision Region (). Three years later, it came under the jurisdiction of the (Xingren) Third Administrative Supervision Region ().
In 1949, Guizhou was liberated by the People's Liberation Army. Puding County came under the jurisdiction of Anshun Zhuanqu (now Anshun; ).
Administrative divisions
After an adjustment of township-level administrative divisions of Puding County on January 29, 2016, the county has three subdistricts, six towns and three ethnic townships under its jurisdiction. In July 2019, Yuxiu Subdistrict was separated from Chuandong Subdistrict.
Geography
Puding County is located in west-central Guizhou province. The county has a total area of . It shares a border with Liuzhi Special District to the west, Xixiu District, Pingba District and Anshun Economic and Technological Development Zone to the east, Zhijin County to the north, and Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County and Liuzhi Special District to the south.
Geology
The terrain of Puding County is high in the south and north and low in the middle. Karst landforms are widely distributed in Puding County.
Climate
Puding County experience a subtropical monsoon humid climate, with an average annual temperature of , total annual rainfall of , a frost-free period of 301 days and annual average sunshine hours in 1164.9 hours. The climate is mild throughout the year, without severe cold in winter and hot in summer.
Rivers
Sancha River () is the largest river in Puding County and Boyu River () is the second largest river in the county. Dabang River rises in southern Puding County.
Lakes and reservoirs
Yelang Lake () is the largest lake in Puding County, with a capacity of .
Demographics
Population
As of 2017, Puding County had a population of 505,400. The total number of permanent residents in Puding County is 392,800, the birth rate is 12.95 ‰, the mortality rate is 5.14 ‰, and the natural population growth rate is 7.81 ‰. The Han is about 80% of the total population of Puding County, and Miao and Bouyei are the main ethnic minorities in the county.
Language
Mandarin is the official language. The local people speak both Southwestern Mandarin and minority language.
Religion
The county government supports all religions. The local people mainly believe in Buddhism and Catholicism.
Education
The main high schools and middle schools are:
Puding County No. 1 High School
Puding County No. 2 High School
Machang Middle School ()
Maguan Middle School ()
Longchang Middle School ()
Baiyan Middle School ()
Bulang Middle School ()
Houchang Middle School ()
Pingshang Middle School ()
Huachu Middle School ()
Maodong Middle School ()
Jichang Middle School ()
Transport
Expressway
S55 Chiwang Expressway runs north to south through the downtown Puding County and then to heads west to Anshun city.
Provincial Highway S209 travels through central Puding County and intersects with S55 Anshunxi Ring Expressway in the town of Baiyan.
Railway
Puding railway station serves the county.
Notable people
, politician.
, sculptor and painter of Chinese painting.
Liu Gangji (), professor at Wuhan University.
, professor at Guizhou University.
Yuan Xikun, sculptor and painter.
References
External links
County-level divisions of Guizhou |
Vincent Carrara (born 9 May 1905, date of death unknown) was a French racing cyclist. He rode in the 1928 Tour de France.
References
1905 births
Year of death missing
French male cyclists
Place of birth missing |
This is a list of film series that have six entries.
A
Aces Go Places (a.k.a. Mad Mission)
Aces Go Places (1982)
Aces Go Places 2 (1983)
Aces Go Places 3 (1984)
Aces Go Places 4 (1986)
Aces Go Places 5 (1989)
'97 Aces Go Places (1997)
The Adventures of Bill and Bob
The Adventures of Bill and Bob (1920)
Catching a Coon (1921)
The American Badger (1921)
The Civet Cat (1921)
The Skunk (1921)
Trailing the Coyote (1921)
Alien Nation *
Alien Nation (1988)
Alien Nation: Dark Horizon (1994) (TV)
Alien Nation: Body and Soul (1995) (TV)
Alien Nation: Millennium (1996) (TV)
Alien Nation: The Enemy Within (1996) (TV)
Alien Nation: The Udara Legacy (1997) (TV)
Ang Panday *
Ang Panday (1980)
Pagbabalik ng Panday (1981)
Ang Panday: Ikatlong yugto (1982)
Ang Panday IV (Ika-apat na aklat) (1984)
Dugo ng Panday (1993)
Hiwaga ng Panday (1998)
B
Be-Bop High School *
Be-Bop High School (1985)
Be-Bop High School: Kōkō Yotarō Aika (1986)
Be-Bop High School: Kōkō Yotarō Kōshinkyoku (1987)
Be-Bop High School: Kōkō Yotarō Kyōsō-kyoku (1987)
Be-Bop High School: Kōkō Yotarō Ondo (1988)
Be-Bop High School: Kōkō Yotarō Kanketsu-hen (1988)
Bibi Blocksberg *
(2002)
(2004)
(2014)
(2014)
(2016)
(2017)
Boys Life
Boys Life: Three Stories of Love, Lust, and Liberation (1994)
Boys Life 2 (1997)
Boys Life 3 (2000)
Boys Life 4: Four Play (2003)
Boys Life 5 (2006) (V)
Boys Life 6 (2007) (V)
The Brotherhood
The Brotherhood (2001) (V)
The Brotherhood II: Young Warlocks (2001) (V)
The Brotherhood III: Young Demons (2002) (V)
The Brotherhood IV: The Complex (2005) (V)
The Brotherhood V: Alumni (2009) (V)
The Brotherhood VI: Initiation (2009) (V)
C
Cappy Ricks
Cappy Ricks (1921)
The Go-Getter (1923)
More Pay - Less Work (1926)
Cappy Ricks Returns (1935)
Affairs of Cappy Ricks (1937)
The Go Getter (1937)
Coplan (Agent FX 18) *
(1957)
FX 18 Secret Agent (1964)
(1964)
FX 18 Superspy (1965)
Mexican Slayride (1967)
Coplan Saves His Skin (1968)
D
D@bbe
D@bbe (2006)
(2009)
(2012)
D@bbe: Curse of the Jinn (2013)
(2014)
(2015)
Dorf
Dorf on Golf (1987) (V)
Dorf's Golf Bible (1987) (V)
Dorf and the First Games of Mount Olympus (1988) (V)
Dorf Goes Auto Racing (1990) (V)
Dorf Goes Fishing (1993) (V)
Dorf on the Diamond (1996) (V)
Dr. Christian *
Meet Dr. Christian (1939)
Remedy for Riches (1940)
The Courageous Dr. Christian (1940)
Dr. Christian Meets the Women (1940)
Melody for Three (1941)
They Meet Again (1941)
E
Eberhoferkrimi
(2013)
(2014)
(2016)
(2017)
(2018)
(2019)
Ed McBain's 87th Precinct *
Cop Hater (1958)
The Pusher (1960)
Fuzz (1972)
Ed McBain's 87th Precinct: Lightning (1995) (TV)
Ed McBain's 87th Precinct: Ice (1996) (TV)
Ed McBain's 87th Precinct: Heatwave (1997) (TV)
The Exorcist
The Exorcist (1973)
Exorcist II: The Heretic (1977)
The Exorcist III (1990)
Exorcist: The Beginning (2004) (prequel)
Dominion: Prequel to the Exorcist (2005) (prequel)
The Exorcist: Believer (2023)
F
Frank Janek *
Internal Affairs (1988) (TV)
Murder in Black and White (1990) (TV)
Murder Times Seven (1990) (TV)
Terror on Track 9 (1992) (TV)
The Forget-Me-Not Murders (1994) (TV)
Janek: The Silent Betrayal (1994) (TV)
G
Le gendarme [Total Length : 9h47 (587 min.)]
Le gendarme de Saint-Tropez (1964) [Length : 1h32 (92 min.)]
Le gendarme à New York (1965) [Length : 1h40 (100 min.)]
Le gendarme se marie (1968) [Length : 1h32 (92 min.)]
Le gendarme en balade (1970) [Length : 1h47 (107 min.)]
Le gendarme et les extra-terrestres (1979) [Length : 1h36 (96 min.)]
Le gendarme et les gendarmettes (1982) [Length : 1h40 (100 min.)]
God of Gamblers
God of Gamblers (1989)
God of Gamblers Returns (1994)
God of Gamblers 3: The Early Stage (1996)
From Vegas to Macau (2014)
From Vegas to Macau II (2015)
From Vegas to Macau III (2016)
Godzilla **** Millennium era (1999–2004)
Godzilla 2000: Millennium (1999)
Godzilla vs. Megaguirus (2000)
Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack (2001)
Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla (2002)
Godzilla: Tokyo S.O.S. (2003)
Godzilla: Final Wars (2004)
H
Hailey Dean Mysteries
Murder, With Love (2016) (TV)
Deadly Estate (2017) (TV)
Dating is Murder (2017) (TV)
2+2=Murder (2018) (TV)
A Marriage Made for Murder (2018) (TV)
A Will to Kill (2018) (TV)
Hausfrauen-Report
Hausfrauen-Report 1: Unglaublich, aber wahr (1971)
Hausfrauen-Report 2 (1971)
Hausfrauen-Report 3 (1972)
Hausfrauen Report international (1973)
Hausfrauen-Report 4 (1973)
Hausfrauen-Report 6: Warum gehen Frauen fremd? (1978)
Herbie *
The Love Bug (1968)
Herbie Rides Again (1974)
Herbie Goes to Monte Carlo (1977)
Herbie Goes Bananas (1980)
The Love Bug (1997) (TV)
Herbie: Fully Loaded (2005)
Hercules: The Legendary Journeys *** (a)
Hercules and the Amazon Women (1994) (TV)
Hercules and the Lost Kingdom (1994) (TV)
Hercules and the Circle of Fire (1994) (TV)
Hercules in the Underworld (1994) (TV)
Hercules in the Maze of the Minotaur (1994) (TV)
Hercules and Xena – The Animated Movie: The Battle for Mount Olympus (1998) (V)
Hideshi Hino's Theater of Horror
The Boy from Hell (2004) (a.k.a. Jigoku Kozou)
Dead Girl Walking (2004)
Lizard Baby (2004)
The Ravaged House: Zoroku's Disease (2004) (a.k.a. Tadareta Ie: Zoroku no Kibyo)
The Doll Cemetery (2004)
Death Train (2004)
Highlander *** (a)
Highlander (1986)
Highlander II: The Quickening (1991)
Highlander III: The Sorcerer (1994)
Highlander: Endgame (2000)
Highlander: The Search for Vengeance (2007) (V)
Highlander: The Source (2007) (TV)
Home Alone
Home Alone (1990)
Home Alone 2: Lost in New York (1992)
Home Alone 3 (1997)
Home Alone 4: Taking Back the House (2002) (TV)
Home Alone: The Holiday Heist (2012) (TV)
Home Sweet Home Alone (2021)
Homunculus
Homunculus, 1. Teil (1916)
Homunculus, 2. Teil - Das geheimnisvolle Buch (1916)
Homunculus, 3. Teil - Die Liebestragödie des Homunculus (1916)
Homunculus, 4. Teil - Die Rache des Homunculus (1916)
Homunculus, 5. Teil - Die Vernichtung der Menschheit (1916)
Homunculus, 6. Teil - Das Ende des Homunculus (1916)
I
Ice Age (A)
Ice Age (2002)
Ice Age: The Meltdown (2006)
Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs (2009)
Ice Age: Continental Drift (2012)
Ice Age: Collision Course (2016)
The Ice Age Adventures of Buck Wild (2022) (spin-off)
The Incredible Hulk *
The Incredible Hulk (1977) (TV)
The Return of the Incredible Hulk (1977) (TV)
Bride of the Incredible Hulk (1978) (TV)
The Incredible Hulk Returns (1988) (TV)
The Trial of the Incredible Hulk (1989) (TV)
The Death of the Incredible Hulk (1990) (TV)
Inner Sanctum Mysteries
Calling Dr. Death (1943)
Weird Woman (1944)
Dead Man's Eyes (1944)
The Frozen Ghost (1945)
Strange Confession (1945)
Pillow of Death (1945)
Inspecteur Lavardin
Chicken with Vinegar (1985)
Inspecteur Lavardin (1986)
(1988) (TV)
Le diable en ville (1989) (TV)
(1989) (TV)
(1990) (TV)
The Invisible Man (Universal series)
The Invisible Man (1933)
The Invisible Man Returns (1940)
The Invisible Woman (1940)
Invisible Agent (1942)
The Invisible Man's Revenge (1944)
Abbott and Costello Meet the Invisible Man (1951)
J
Jurassic Park
Jurassic Park (1993)
The Lost World: Jurassic Park (1997)
Jurassic Park III (2001)
Jurassic World (2015)
Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom (2018)
Jurassic World Dominion (2022)
Jackass
Jackass: The Movie (2002)
Jackass Number Two (2006)
Jackass Presents: Mat Hoffman's Tribute to Evel Knievel (2008) (V) (spin-off)
Jackass 3D (2010)
Jackass Presents: Bad Grandpa (2013) (spin-off)
Jackass Forever (2022)
K
Karate Warrior
Karate Warrior (1987)
(1988)
(1991)
(1992)
(1992)
(1993)
Kim Du-han
Shillog Kim Du-han (1974)
Hyeobgag Kim Du-han (1975)
Kim Du-han 3 (1975)
Kim Du-han 4 (1975)
Kim Du-han hyeong shirasoni hyeong (1981)
Kim Du-hangwa seodaemun (1981)
L
Lone Wolf and Cub *
Lone Wolf and Cub: Sword of Vengeance (1972)
Lone Wolf and Cub: Baby Cart at the River Styx (1972)
Lone Wolf and Cub: Baby Cart to Hades (1972)
Lone Wolf and Cub: Baby Cart in Peril (1972)
Lone Wolf and Cub: Baby Cart in the Land of Demons (1973)
Lone Wolf and Cub: White Heaven in Hell (1974)
Night of the Living Dead
Night of the Living Dead (1968)
Dawn of the Dead (1978)
Day of the Dead (1985)
Land of the Dead (2005)
Diary of the Dead (2007)
Survival of the Dead (2010)
M
Mărgelatu
Drumul oaselor (1980)
Trandafirul galben (1982)
Misterele Bucureștilor (1983)
Masca de argint (1985)
Colierul de turcoaze (1986)
Totul se plătește (1987)
Maechun
Maechun (1988)
Maechun 2 (1989)
Maechun 3 (1993)
Maechun 4 (1994)
Maechun 5 (1994)
Maechun 6 (1995)
Mano Po
Mano Po (2002)
Mano Po 2: My Home (2003)
Mano Po III: My Love (2004)
Mano Po 4: Ako Legal Wife (2005)
Mano Po 5: Gua Ai Di (2006)
Mano Po 6: A Mother's Love (2007)
The Marine
The Marine (2006)
The Marine 2 (2009) (V)
The Marine 3: Homefront (2013) (V)
The Marine 4: Moving Target (2015) (V)
The Marine 5: Battleground (2017) (V)
The Marine 6: Close Quarters (2018) (V)
Mazinger ** (A)
Mazinger Z Vs. Devilman (1974)
Mazinger Z Vs. The Great General of Darkness (1974)
Great Mazinger tai Getter Robot (1975)
Great Mazinger tai Getter Robot G: Kuchu Daigekitotsu (1975)
UFO Robot Grendizer tai Great Mazinger (1976)
Grendizer, Getter Robot G, Great Mazinger: Kessen! Daikaijuu (1976)
Megalopolis Expressway Trial (a.k.a. Freeway Speedway. Tokyo Speedway)
Megalopolis Expressway Trial (1988)
Megalopolis Expressway Trial 2 (1990)
Megalopolis Expressway Trial 3 (1991)
Megalopolis Expressway Trial 4 (1992)
Megalopolis Expressway Trial 5: Final Battle (1993)
Megalopolis Expressway Trial Max (1996)
Middle-earth
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)
The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002)
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003)
The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (2012) (prequel)
The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug (2013) (prequel)
The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies (2014) (prequel)
Mountain Strawberries
Mountain Strawberries (1982)
Mountain Strawberries 2 (1985)
Mountain Strawberries 3 (1987)
Mountain Strawberries 4 (1991)
Mountain Strawberries 5 (1992)
Mountain Strawberries 6 (1994)
Mr. Wong
Mr. Wong, Detective (1938)
The Mystery of Mr. Wong (1939)
Mr. Wong in Chinatown (1939)
The Fatal Hour (1940)
Doomed to Die (1940)
Phantom of Chinatown (1940)
The Mummy (Universal film series)
The Mummy (1932)
The Mummy's Hand (1940)
The Mummy's Tomb (1942)
The Mummy's Ghost (1944)
The Mummy's Curse (1944)
Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy (1955)
O
Once Upon A Time In China
Once Upon a Time in China (1991)
Once Upon a Time in China II (1992)
Once Upon a Time in China III (1993)
Once Upon a Time in China IV (1993)
Once Upon a Time in China V (1994)
Once Upon a Time in China and America (1997)
Otto
Otto – Der Film (1985)
Otto – Der neue Film (1987)
(1989)
Otto – Der Liebesfilm (1992)
Otto – Der Katastrofenfilm (2000)
Otto’s Eleven (2010)
P
Pedro Penduko ***
Pedro Penduko (1954)
Ang Mahiwagang Daigdig ni Pedro Penduko (1973)
Bagsik at Kamandag ni Pedro Penduko (1974)
Ang Pagbabalik ni Pedro Penduko (1994)
Pedro Penduko, Episode II: The Return of the Comeback (2000)
Penduko (pre-production)
Perry Mason (Warner Bros. Series)
The Case of the Howling Dog (1934)
The Case of the Curious Bride (1935)
The Case of the Lucky Legs (1935)
The Case of the Velvet Claws (1936)
The Case of the Black Cat (1936)
The Case of the Stuttering Bishop (1937)
Polt
(2000) (TV)
(2001) (TV)
(2003) (TV)
(2003) (TV)
(2013) (TV)
(2018) (TV)
R
Pte Frank Randle
Somewhere in England (1942)
Somewhere in Camp (1943)
Somewhere on Leave (1943)
Somewhere in Civvies (1942)
Somewhere in Politics (1948)
It's a Grand Life (1953)
Recep İvedik *
Recep İvedik (2008)
Recep İvedik 2 (2009)
Recep İvedik 3 (2010)
Recep İvedik 4 (2014)
Recep İvedik 5 (2017)
Recep İvedik 6 (2019)
Resident Evil
Resident Evil (2002)
Resident Evil: Apocalypse (2004)
Resident Evil: Extinction (2007)
Resident Evil: Afterlife (2010)
Resident Evil: Retribution (2012)
Resident Evil: The Final Chapter (2016)
Rugrats ** (alternate series)
The Rugrats Movie (1998)
Rugrats: Acorn Nuts and Diapey Butts (2000) (TV)
Rugrats in Paris: The Movie (2000)
Rugrats Go Wild! (2003)
Rugrats: Tales from the Crib – Snow White (2005) (V)
Rugrats: Tales from the Crib – Three Jacks and a Beanstalk (2006) (V)
S
Scream *
Scream (1996)
Scream 2 (1997)
Scream 3 (2000)
Scream 4 (2011)
Scream (2022)
Scream VI (2023)
Scattergood Baines
Scattergood Baines (1941)
Scattergood Pulls the Strings (1941)
Scattergood Meets Broadway (1941)
Scattergood Rides High (1942)
Scattergood Survives a Murder (1942)
Cinderella Swings It (1943)
Sexton Blake *
Sexton Blake and the Bearded Doctor (1935)
Sexton Blake and the Mademoiselle (1936)
Sexton Blake and the Hooded Terror (1938)
Meet Sexton Blake (1945)
The Echo Murders (1945)
Murder at Site 3 (1958)
Sexy Susan
The Sweet Sins of Sexy Susan (1967)
Sexy Susan Sins Again (1968)
House of Pleasure (1969)
Frau Wirtin treibt es jetzt noch toller (1970)
Frau Wirtin bläst auch gern Trompete (1970)
The Countess Died of Laughter (1973)
Shamrock Ellison
Hostile Country (1950)
Marshal of Heldorado (1950)
Crooked River (1950)
Colorado Ranger (1950)
West of the Brazos (1950)
Fast on the Draw (1950)
The Six Million Dollar Man **
The Six Million Dollar Man: The Moon and the Desert (1973) (TV) (Pilot of the TV series)
The Six Million Dollar Man: Wine, Women and War (1973) (TV)
The Six Million Dollar Man: Solid Gold Kidnapping (1973) (TV)
The Return of the Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman (1987) (TV)
Bionic Showdown: The Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman (1989) (TV)
Bionic Ever After? (1994) (TV)
Soldaterkammerater
Soldaterkammerater (1958)
Soldaterkammerater rykker ud (1959)
Soldaterkammerater på vagt (1960)
Soldaterkammerater på efterårsmanøvre (1961)
Soldaterkammerater på sjov (1962)
Soldaterkammerater på bjørnetjeneste (1968)
Space Battleship Yamato **** (A)
Space Battleship Yamato (1977)
Farewell to Space Battleship Yamato (1978)
Yamato: The New Voyage (1979) (TV)
Be Forever Yamato (1980)
Final Yamato (1983)
Space Battleship Yamato: Resurrection (2009)
Star Wreck
Star Wreck (1992) (V)
Star Wreck II: The Old Shit (1994) (V)
Star Wreck III: The Wrath of the Romuclans (1994) (V)
Star Wreck IV: Kilpailu (1996) (V)
Star Wreck V: Lost Contact (1997) (V)
Star Wreck: In the Pirkinning (2005) (V)
Shrek * (A)
Shrek (2001)
Shrek 2 (2004)
Shrek the Third (2007)
Shrek Forever After (2010)
Puss in Boots (2011) (spin-off)
Puss in Boots: The Last Wish (2022) (spin-off)
Step Up
Step Up (2006)
Step Up 2: The Streets (2008)
Step Up 3D (2010)
Step Up Revolution (2012)
Step Up: All In (2014)
Step Up: Year of the Dance (2019) (spin-off)
The Stranger
Summoned by Shadows (1992) (V)
More Than A Messiah (1992) (V)
In Memory Alone (1993) (V)
The Terror Game (1994) (V)
Breach of the Peace (1994) (V)
Eye of the Beholder (1996) (V)
Sune
Sune's Summer (1993)
Sunes familie (1997)
Håkan Bråkan & Josef (2004)
The Anderssons in Greece (2012)
The Anderssons Hit the Road (2013)
The Anderssons Rock the Mountains (2014)
Suomisen perhe
Suomisen perhe (1941)
Suomisen Ollin tempaus (1942)
Suomisen taiteilijat (1943)
Suomisen Olli rakastuu (1944)
Suomisen Olli yllättää (1945)
Taas tapaamme Suomisen perheen (1959)
Superman (1978 film series)
Superman (1978)
Superman II (1980)
Superman III (1983)
Supergirl (1984) (spin-off)
Superman IV: The Quest for Peace (1987)
Superman Returns (2006)
T
Tactical Unit
PTU (2003) (a.k.a. PTU: Police Tactical Unit, Tactical Unit: Into the Perilous Night)
Tactical Unit: The Code (2008)
Tactical Unit: No Way Out (2009)
Tactical Unit: Human Nature (2009)
Tactical Unit: Comrades in Arms (2009)
Tactical Unit: Partners (2009)
The Thin Man
The Thin Man (1934)
After the Thin Man (1936)
Another Thin Man (1939)
Shadow of the Thin Man (1941)
The Thin Man Goes Home (1944)
Song of the Thin Man (1947)
Terminator *
The Terminator (1984)
Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991)
Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003)
Terminator Salvation (2009)
Terminator Genisys (2015)
Terminator: Dark Fate (2019)
Tinker Bell ***
Tinker Bell (2008) (V)
Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure (2009) (V)
Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue (2010) (V)
Secret of the Wings (2012) (V)
The Pirate Fairy (2014) (V)
Tinker Bell and the Legend of the NeverBeast (2014) (V)
Toy Story * (A)
Toy Story (1995)
Toy Story 2 (1999)
Buzz Lightyear of Star Command: The Adventure Begins (2000) (V) (spin-off)
Toy Story 3 (2010)
Toy Story 4 (2019)
Lightyear (2022) (spin-off)
Trancers
Trancers (1985)
Trancers II (1991) (V)
Trancers III (1992) (V)
Trancers 4: Jack of Swords (1994) (V)
Trancers 5: Sudden Deth (1994) (V)
Trancers 6 (2002) (V)
U
Universal Soldier
Universal Soldier (1992)
Universal Soldier II: Brothers in Arms (1998) (TV)
Universal Soldier III: Unfinished Business (1998) (TV)
Universal Soldier: The Return (1999)
Universal Soldier: Regeneration (2009) (V)
Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning (2012) (V)
Urusei Yatsura *
Urusei Yatsura: Only You (1983)
Urusei Yatsura 2: Beautiful Dreamer (1984)
Urusei Yatsura 3: Remember My Love (1985)
Urusei Yatsura 4: Lum the Forever (1986)
Urusei Yatsura 5: The Final Chapter (1988)
Urusei Yatsura 6: Always My Darling (1991)
V
National Lampoon's Vacation *
National Lampoon's Vacation (1983)
National Lampoon's European Vacation (1985)
National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation (1989)
Vegas Vacation (1997)
National Lampoon's Christmas Vacation 2 (2003) (TV) (spin-off)
Vacation (2015)
V/H/S ***
V/H/S (2012)
V/H/S/2 (2013)
V/H/S: Viral (2014)
V/H/S/94 (2021)
V/H/S/99 (2022)
V/H/S/85 (2023)
W
The Wild Soccer Bunch
(2003)
(2005)
(2006)
(2007)
(2008)
(2016)
Whispering Corridors
Whispering Corridors (1998)
Memento Mori (1999)
Wishing Stairs (2003)
Voice (2005)
A Blood Pledge (2009)
The Humming (2020)
References
06 |
Deer Creek Friends Meetinghouse is a historic Friends meeting house located at Darlington, Harford County, Maryland. It is a one-story fieldstone structure, six bays long on the south, four bays on the north, and three bays wide. It was constructed in 1784 to replace a building of 1737 and renovated in 1888. The interior is divided into two spaces by an original paneled partition and the benches are original, with 10 benches in each room and an aisle down the center. The property also includes a five-stall horse shed and a cemetery with burials dating from 1775 to 1930.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
References
External links
, including photo from 1997, at Maryland Historical Trust
Quaker meeting houses in Maryland
Churches in Harford County, Maryland
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
Churches completed in 1784
18th-century Quaker meeting houses
National Register of Historic Places in Harford County, Maryland |
Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermilfoil or spiked water-milfoil) is native to Europe, Asia, and north Africa, but has a wide geographic and climatic distribution among some 57 countries, extending from northern Canada to South Africa. It is a submerged aquatic plant, grows in still or slow-moving water, and is considered to be a highly invasive species.
Description
Eurasian watermilfoil has slender stems up to long. The submerged leaves (usually between 15–35 mm long) are borne in pinnate whorls of four, with numerous thread-like leaflets roughly 4–13 mm long. Plants are monoecious with flowers produced in the leaf axils (male above, female below) on a spike 5–15 cm long held vertically above the water surface, each flower is inconspicuous, orange-red, 4–6 mm long. Eurasian water milfoil has 12- 21 pairs of leaflets while northern watermilfoil M. sibiricum only has 5–9 pairs. The two can hybridize and the resulting hybrid plants can cause taxonomic confusion as leaf characters are intermediate and can overlap with parent species.
Distribution
Myriophyllum spicatum is found in disperse regions of North America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa.
Introduced areas
Myriophyllum spicatum was likely first introduced to North America in the 1940s where it has become an invasive species in some areas. By the mid 1970s, watermilfoil had also covered thousands of hectares in British Columbia and Ontario, Canada, and spread some downstream via the Columbia River system into the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Eurasian watermilfoil is now found across most of Northern America where it is recognized as a noxious weed.
Impact
In lakes or other aquatic areas where native aquatic plants are not well established, the Eurasian plant can spread quickly. It has been known to crowd out native plants and create dense mats that interfere with recreational activity. Dense growth of Eurasian milfoil can also have a negative impact on fisheries by creating microhabitats for juvenile fish and obstructing space for larger fish ultimately disrupting normal feeding patterns. Due to the Eurasian milfoil plant's inability to provide the same microhabitat for invertebrates as compared to native aquatic plant species, densely populated areas of Eurasian milfoil create an ecosystem with less food sources for the surrounding fish. Dense Eurasian milfoil growth can also create hypoxic zones by blocking out sun penetration to native aquatic vegetation preventing them from photosynthesizing. Eurasian watermilfoil grows primarily from broken off stems, known as shoot fragments, which increases the rate at which the plant can spread and grow. In some areas, the Eurasian Watermilfoil is an Aquatic Nuisance Species. Eurasian watermilfoil is known to hybridize with the native northern watermilfoil (M. sibiricum) and the hybrid taxon has also become invasive in North America. This hybridization has been observed across the upper midwestern United States (Indiana, Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin) and in the Northwest (Idaho, Washington).
Control
The aquatic moth Acentria ephemerella, the water veneer moth, feeds upon and damages this water milfoil. It has been used as an agent of biological pest control against the plant in North America. The milfoil weevil (Euhrychiopsis lecontei) has also been used as biocontrol. Another method for biocontrol is Grass Carp, (one of the Asian Carp species) which have been bred as sterile, is sometimes released into affected areas, since these fish primarily feed on aquatic plants and have proven effective at controlling the spread. However, the carp prefer many native species to the milfoil and will usually decimate preferred species before eating the milfoil. In Washington State the success rate of Grass Carp has been less than expected. They were used in 98 lakes and 39 percent of them had no submerged plant life left after only a short time.
Since roughly 2000, hand-harvesting of invasive milfoils has shown much success as a management technique. Several organizations in the New England states have undertaken large scale, lake-wide hand-harvesting management programs with extremely successful results. Acknowledgment had to be made that it is impossible to completely eradicate the species once it is established. As a result, maintenance must be done once an infestation has been reduced to affordably controlled levels. Well trained divers with proper techniques have been able to effectively control and then maintain many lakes, especially in the Adirondack Park in Northern New York where chemicals, mechanical harvesters, and other disruptive and largely unsuccessful management techniques are banned. After only three years of hand harvesting in Saranac Lake the program was able to reduce the amount harvested from over 18 tons to just 800 pounds per year.
In order to prevent damages from mass growth of the plant in lakes, the water level can be lowered. By freezing out the bottom of the bank in the winter months, the population of the plant decreases.
Management and spread prevention
Trailering boats has proven to be a significant vector by which Eurasian milfoil is able to spread and proliferate across otherwise disconnected bodies of water. Effective methods for mitigating this spread, are visual inspections with subsequent hand removal or pressure washing upon boat removal. In the Okanagan River Basin of south-central British Columbia, a specially-adapted rototiller is used to dredge shallow water to damage or destroy the root system.
Chemistry
Myriophyllum spicatum produces ellagic, gallic and pyrogallic acids and (+)-catechin, allelopathic polyphenols inhibiting the growth of blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa.
References
External links
Species Profile- Eurasian Watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.), National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library. Lists general information and resources for Eurasian Watermilfoil.
Flora Europaea: Myriophyllum spicatum
Flora of Taiwan: Myriophyllum spicatum
Invading Species.com Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters
Jepson Manual Treatment
USDA ARS. Foiling Watermilfoil
Photo gallery
spicatum
Flora of Lebanon
Plants described in 1753
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
The Gunung Bonpuri (Hangul: 군웅 본풀이), literally Chronicle of the War Gods, is a Korean myth about the Gunungsin, the deities of war. It shares a large resemblance to the Jakjaegeon myth of the 9th century.
Plot
A long time ago, the Dragon Kings of the East Sea and West Sea fought in a bloody war to gain control over the sea. The East Sea was losing the war steadily. To win the war, the Dragon King of the East Sea ordered his son, Choribdongi, to get Wang Janggun (King General), a giant born as the son of Cheonhwang Jeseok, one of the minor deities of the sky, and Jihwang Jeseok, one of the minor earth goddesses. Wang Janggun's height was three meters, and his arms and legs were of iron. His face was red, and flame sprouted his eyes. When Choribdongi met Wang Janggun, Wang Janggun was chopping down an impossibly thick tree. When the tree fell, the sound shook the entire earth.
Choribdongi said that if Wang Janggun went with him to the Dragon Palace, he would be able to control all the treasures of the sea. However, Wang Janggun had hydrophobia, and refused to come. Choribdongi then said that if Wang Janggun came, he would have the highest position in the government. Again, Wang Janggun refused. Finally, Choribdongi promised that if Wang Janggun came, he would be able to marry the daughter of the Dragon King. Wang Janggun accepted, but was worried as he was a hydrophobe. Choribdongi said that he would create a pathway through the water, and that Wang Janggun should make sure to be with him.
Choribdongi did make a water-free pathway underwater, and Wang Janggun met the Dragon King of the East Sea. The Dragon King of the East Sea said that if he tactically retreated in the battle with the Dragon King of the West Sea a few days later, the Dragon King of the West Sea would leap at the joy of finally defeating his adversary. When he leaped in joy, Wang Janggun had to shoot the Dragon King of the West Sea's golden scale beneath his ear.
After a long battle between the two Dragon Kings, the Dragon King of the East Sea retreated deep into the oceans. The Dragon King of the West Sea roared and leaped in joy. As he did so, Wang Janggun shot down the Dragon King of the West Sea with his bow and arrow. The Dragon King of the West Sea's scale was so hard it could not be destroyed even by lightning; however, Wang Janggun pierced the scale with nothing but his strength.
After the death of the Dragon King of the West Sea and the destruction of his undersea kingdom, the Dragon King of the East Sea promised that Wang Janggun could take any object from his Dragon Palace. Choribdongi whispered to Wang Janggun that his sister was carefully hidden inside an old writing box. Wang Janggun said that he wanted the writing box, and because of his promise, the Dragon King of the East Sea had to give up his daughter.
Wang Jangun returned home with the writing box and resumed logging. Whenever he came back after logging, a fine meal was prepared. One day, Wang Janggun hid behind a tree and observed the person cooking the meal. She was the daughter of the Dragon King of the East Sea. Wang Janggun rushed in and proposed to the daughter of the Dragon King of the East Sea. She accepted his offer, and they had three sons; Wang Geon, Wang Bin, and Wang Sarang.
One day, the daughter of the Dragon King of the East Sea returned to the Dragon Palace, leaving her husband and sons to be the Gunungshin, the deities of war. The father, Wang Janggun, became the Gunungshin of China, and his three sons became the Gunungshins of the Middle East, Japan, and Korea. The Gunungshin decide which side shall win a battle, and to win, the army must devoutly serve the respective Gunungshin of their nation.
In History
The Gunung Bonpuli myth, compiled by a Japanese mythographer in the early 20th century (other versions are just a family tree of the Gunungshin), shares much of its plot from the Geotaji myth and the Jakjaegeon myth of the 9th century.
In the Geotaji myth, a man named Geotaji kills a monk with a bow at the request of a Gwishin, or ghost. The Gwishin lets Geotaji marry his daughter, and both live happily ever after. This myth is similar to the Gunung Bonpuli in that a man kills something with a bow at the request of a supernatural being.
In the better-known Jakjaegeon myth, a part of the Goryeo Dynasty founding myth, Jakjaegeon kills an old Gwishin with a bow at the request of the Dragon King of the West Sea, who appears to him in a dream. The Dragon King of the West Sea gives him his daughter in gratitude, and the Dragon King of the West Sea tells Jakjaegeon that his grandson (King Taejo of Goryeo) will be king. Jakjaegeon has four sons, of which the eldest is Yong Geon, the father of King Taejo of Goryeo. However, when Jakjaegeon spots his wife bathing, the wife leaves Jakjaegeon.
This myth is very similar to the Gunung Bonuli. A supernatural being is killed by the bow of the main character at the request of a Dragon King, who both give up their daughter for marriage to the main character. The name of the main characters' eldest sons are the similar: Yong Geon and Wang Geon. Moreover, Wang Geon is the name of King Taejo of Goryeo. The surname of Wang Janggun and his sons are 'Wang'; the surname of the imperial family of the Goryeo Dynasty is 'Wang'.
As can be proved by the similarity of the Jakjaegeon myth and the Gunung Bonpuli, according to Korean mythologists, it is likely that shamans adopted the Jakjaegeon myth for their own use, or that the Goryeo imperial family adopted the Gunung Bonpuli myth for their own use.
References
Korean mythology |
The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity: Twelve Lectures () is a 1985 book by the philosopher Jürgen Habermas, in which the author reconstructs and deals in depth with a number of philosophical approaches to the critique of modern reason and the Enlightenment "project" since Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Friedrich Nietzsche, including the work of 20th century philosophers Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno, Martin Heidegger, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, Cornelius Castoriadis and Niklas Luhmann. The work is regarded as an important contribution to Frankfurt School critical theory. It has been characterized as a critical (largely negative) evaluation of the concept of world disclosure in modern philosophy.
An English translation by Frederick G. Lawrence was published in 1987. A French translation by Christian Bouchindhomme and Rainer Rochlitz was published in 1988.
Summary
Habermas presents an outline of the “cultural self-understanding of modernity” as it emerged in Europe during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and attempts to retrieve the “historical context of Western rationalism” in which modernity or modernization (more narrowly conceived in terms of social and economic transformation) was originally understood as both a process of disenchantment and alienation as well as the “historical objectification of rational structures.” This presentation prepares the ground for the larger argument of the book, namely, that by losing sight of the “cultural impulse of modernity,” and abandoning the project of modernity as a whole, European intellectuals on both ends of the political spectrum have ignored the emancipatory dimension of the European Enlightenment, and thereby have renounced the only means of developing a consistent and immanent critique of modernity itself.
Modernity is defined by Habermas as a set of problems related to the issue of time, problems produced by the transformation of European society in accordance with what Hegel called the “principle of subjectivity,” the notion of individual autonomy as the essence of man. This freedom from all forms of external authority, which includes nature as well as tradition, means that the subject “has to create its normativity out of itself;” because it is free, it cannot accept any value or law that it does not recognize as its own. Subjectivity, in other words, is defined by “the right to criticism: the principle of the modern world requires that what anyone is to recognize shall reveal itself to him as something entitled to recognition." Insofar as the subject wills only those laws that recognizes as rational, laws which are “self-proscribed and self-obligated,” the subject wills only itself, or, in Hegelian terms, it “wills the Will:” “The Will is Free only when it does not will anything alien, extrinsic, foreign to itself (as long as it does so, it is dependent), but wills itself alone – wills the Will. This is the absolute Will – the volition to be free.”
According to Habermas, Nietzsche undertakes a critique of “subject-centered reason,” of modern forms of knowledge and ethics, from a standpoint that only appears to be “genealogical,” that is, situated, historically, outside of modernity and Enlightenment thinking in an archaic, Dionysian era of myth, prior to the formation of modern subjectivity in the renunciation of instinct or “life.” He sees Nietzsche’s argument that all moral and cognitive claims (along with the rational subject) are the historical products of a power forced inward by its inability to discharge itself not as being based on a genealogy of modernity, but rather as a critique of the modern cognitive and practical subject from the perspective of an equally modern aesthetics (which Nietzsche “transposes,” according to Habermas, “into the archaic”), elevating the “judgment of taste of the art critic into a model for value judgment.” Nietzsche's critique of subject, in other words, is based on a modern aesthetic experience – in particular, the “painful de-differentiation, a de-delimitation of the individual, a merging with amorphous nature within and without” – which presupposes the modern subject itself. What appears, then, in Nietzsche as the historical “other” reason is in fact a version of Kantian aesthetics shorn of any claim of intersubjective validity.
Reception
The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity is regarded as an important contribution to Frankfurt School critical theory. It has been characterized as a critical (largely negative) evaluation of the concept of world disclosure in modern philosophy.
Notes
1985 non-fiction books
German non-fiction books
Modernity
Philosophy books
Works by Jürgen Habermas |
Secondary Highway 522, commonly referred to as Highway 522, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The highway is in length, connecting Highway 69 near Cranberry with Highway 11 at the community of Trout Creek. Highway 522 serves as the only link between these two routes south of Highway 17 and north of Highway 124. It is often used to access Grundy Lake Provincial Park, a popular camping area for northbound travellers.
Highway 522 was established between Loring and Trout Creek alongside many other secondary highways in 1956. It was extended to the Pickerel River in 1965, but did not connect with Highway 69 until the mid-1970s. It was fully paved by 1980. In 2002, the Trout Creek Bypass opened, shifting Highway 11 around the town. Highway 522 was extended from its eastern terminus south to an interchange with the new bypass as a result.
Route description
Highway 522 begins at a junction with Highway 69 in the community of Cranberry. This terminus will be upgraded to an interchange with the future Highway 400 in the near future. It travels east and provides access to Grundy Lake Provincial Park, then enters a mostly remote wilderness of the Canadian Shield, dominated by thick forest and rock outcroppings. The route services cottages along the northern shorelines of Kawigamog Lake, Little Long Lake, Wauquimakog Lake and Seagull Lake while passing through the communities of Pakesley, Lost Channel, Ess Narrows Landing, Fleming's Landing, Loring, Spring Creek, Port Loring and Arnstein.
Highway 522 continues through Golden Valley and Bear Valley, south of the Loring Deer Yard, before meeting Highway 524 at Farley's Corners. There the highway briefly curves southwards to Commanda, where it crosses the Commanda Creek and resumes its eastward journey. It passes through Gurd Township for an additional before entering Trout Creek. Within that town the route is maintained under a Connecting Link agreement between Barrett Street and the junction with Highway 522B (Main Street) downtown.
At that junction, drivers must turn south to remain on the highway. It continues another to an interchange with Highway 11.
Like other provincial routes in Ontario, Highway 522 is maintained by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. In 2010, traffic surveys conducted by the ministry showed that on average, 880 vehicles used the highway daily along the section between Highway 11 in Trout Creek and the Commanda Creek bridge while 450 vehicles did so each day along the section east of Grundy Lake Provincial Park, the highest and lowest counts along the highway, respectively.
History
Highway 522 was initially designated in 1956, along with many of the secondary highways in Ontario.
However, the route only travelled from Trout Creek as far west as Loring. It was paved into Trout Creek and between Loring and Arnstein, but a gravel road otherwise.
The route was paved between Arnstein and Golden Valley by 1958,
and to east of Commanda in 1961
Under the funding of a "day labour program", the route was extended west along a gravel road to the Pickerel River at Kawigamog Lake on April 25, 1965.
The remainder of the route between Commanda and Trout Creek was paved in 1966, and work continued to extend Highway 522 further west.
The route was extended as a gravel road to Highway 69 at some point between 1974 and 1976.
The remaining gravel sections, west of Loring, were paved in 1978 or 1979.
Trout Creek Bypass
In 2002, Highway 11 was re-routed along a recently completed bypass around Trout Creek. Highway 522 was then extended south by along the former alignment of Highway 11, terminating at the new alignment of Highway 11 at Exit 301 (interchange with Highway 522 and McFadden Lane). The remainder of the former alignment of Highway 11 running north in Trout Creek was retained in the provincial system and renumbered as Highway 522B, terminating at Exit 306 (interchange with Highway 522B and Hemlock Road).
Major intersections
References
522
Roads in Parry Sound District |
"Victory Lap" is a song by American rapper Nipsey Hussle and the title track of his debut studio album, released on February 16, 2018. The song features American singer Stacy Barthe and was produced by Mike & Keys, Sap and Amaire Johnson.
Background and composition
The song was originally titled "Mean Streets", in reference to the 1973 film. The chorus, sung by Stacy Barthe, interpolates the song "Knee Socks" by the Arctic Monkeys, which appears in Mean Streets. The song features "bombastic production" and a "downshifting keyboard labyrinth". Nipsey Hussle raps about his gifts and a "rags to riches" story of surviving in his neighborhood of Crenshaw, Los Angeles.
Music video
The official music video was directed by Sergio and released on December 31, 2018. Filmed in Tulum, Mexico, the video references lyrics from the first verse: "Flew to Cancun, smokin' Cubans on the boat / Then docked at Tulum just to smoke, look / Listening to music at the Mayan Ruins / True devotion on the bluest ocean, cruisin'". It sees Nipsey on vacation in Mexico, where he climbs an ancient Mayan pyramid and cruises on a boat. The video interchanges scenes from his trip with shots of Hussle in his Crenshaw neighborhood. His store, The Marathon Clothing, appears as well.
Charts
Certifications
References
2018 songs
Nipsey Hussle songs
Song recordings produced by Sap (producer)
Songs written by Stacy Barthe
Songs written by Alex Turner (musician)
Atlantic Records singles
Songs written by Nipsey Hussle |
Herbert Tyrrell Griffiths (10 August 1853 – 3 November 1905) was an English first-class cricketer and medical practitioner.
The son of George Richard Griffiths and Letitia Chatfield, he was born at Ryde on the Isle of Wight in August 1853. He was educated at Eton College, before going up to Trinity College, Cambridge, where he studied medicine. While studying at Cambridge, Griffiths did not play first-class cricket for Cambridge University Cricket Club, but did represent the Marylebone Cricket Club in two first-class matches at Lord's in 1876 and 1878 against Surrey and Hampshire respectively. Against Surrey he scored an unbeaten 68. Griffiths gained his MA in 1879 and his MD in 1884.
Griffiths was the Herbert Exhibitioner and Martin Medallist at the Army Medical School at Netley Hospital. He was appointed a surgeon to the Bengal Army in April 1881, later resigning from the post in June 1883. He held the posts of physician at the Seaman's Hospital in Greenwich and was later a house physician and medical registrar at St George's Hospital. He was also a physicians assistant at the Royal Brompton Hospital, a clinical assistant at the Central Throat Hospital and surgeon to the Kensington Dispensary. Griffiths ran a private practice in partnership with a Mr. Merriman of Kensington Square, until Merriman's death. Following his death, he ran the practice by himself for two years, the stress of which was attributed to him moving from Kensington to the rural Hampshire village of Preston Candover in 1904. His departure from Kensington caused genuine distress to his patients, who held him in high regard. His hobbies included music, with Griffiths writing several songs. He died from pleuropneumonia at Preston Candover in November 1905. Griffiths had been married to Eveline Selina May, daughter of Richard Garth, since 1887. His brother, Algernon, was also a first-class cricketer.
References
External links
1853 births
1905 deaths
People from Ryde
Cricketers from the Isle of Wight
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
English cricketers
Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
19th-century English medical doctors
20th-century English medical doctors
Physicians of St George's Hospital
Deaths from pneumonia in England |
Fort Frances Pulp and Paper v Manitoba Free Press is a famous decision on the Canadian Constitution by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council on the "emergency doctrine" of the peace, order and good government power in the British North America Act, 1867.
Background
During World War I, through orders in council under the War Measures Act, the Canadian government maintained strict control on the supply and price of goods. After the war had ended, the controls were continued in certain key sectors, including newsprint, under an order in council made on 20 December 1919. Controls on the supply and price of paper had been vested in the Paper Control Tribunal under an order in council made on 16 September 1918, and the Canadian Parliament passed an act in 1919 to place the Tribunal on a statutory footing for it to complete its work on all outstanding issues arising prior to the declaration of peace.
The Manitoba Free Press, a Winnipeg newspaper publisher, purchased paper from Fort Frances Pulp and Paper. Orders made by the Paper Control Tribunal on 8 July 1920 provided for a reduction of the price that had been paid, representing margins in excess of the regulated price. The Manitoba Free Press brought an action against Fort Frances in the Supreme Court of Ontario to recover the specified amount. Fort Frances counterclaimed for an amount equal to the market price of the paper, less sums that had already been paid.
Lower courts
At the Trial Division, Riddell J gave judgment for the plaintiffs by holding that the orders of the Tribunal were valid. The counterclaim was consequentially dismissed. He also noted that "all the powers of the Minister, Controller and Tribunal were intra vires and valid, even in a state of profound peace."
The trial judge's ruling was upheld on appeal to the Appellate Division although it considered that the question was one of contract, as Fort Frances had issued invoices at the specified prices and the Free Press had paid them on the basis that the prices were provisional and subject to orders to be made by the Paper Control Tribunal. As a result, it was not necessary to question the validity of those orders.
Fort Frances appealed the ruling to the Privy Council.
Privy Council
The judgment was upheld although the Board noted that it preferred the trial judge's reasoning to that of the appeal court. However, it did not necessarily agree with Riddell J's view as to how far the federal power could extend.
Viscount Haldane held that it was not in the Board's power to determine if there was a "national emergency" and that it was entirely in the authority of the Canadian Parliament to determine its existence. Relying on its recent ruling in the Board of Commerce case, he stated that an emergency is determined by common sense and that since World War I was clearly a "national emergency," there was sufficient reason to invoke the "emergency doctrine:"
Nonetheless, any use of the emergency power must be temporary. However, it was for the federal government to decide when the state of emergency was over:
In that regard, the Board agreed with a recent ruling of the US Supreme Court on the question, which is notable as being the first of only two times that the Board cited the decisions of that court.
Impact
This decision, like many others of its time, completely ignored the "national concern" doctrine established earlier in Russell v. The Queen, but it was significant in explaining how far the "emergency doctrine" could extend in times of emergency and effectively incorporating the principle of salus populi est suprema lex. Haldane noted:
Therefore, in time of an emergency, provincial powers can be overridden for the peace, order and good government of Canada as a whole. In addition, the discretion given to the Parliament of Canada as to how long an emergency continues was exercised again in the period after World War II.
References
Further reading
1923 in Canadian case law
Canadian federalism case law
Judicial Committee of the Privy Council cases on appeal from Canada
World War I legislation
Price controls
Regulation in Canada |
Nicolas Saint Grégoire is a French artist and designer born in 1983. Dividing his time between Paris and New York, he is represented by Galerie Marcel Strouk Rive Gauche (Paris), Cynthia Corbett Gallery (London) and Life As a Work of Art (New York).
Nicolas Saint Gregoire is working mainly with Plexiglas and neon.
Seeking to break the boundaries between Fine Arts and other artistic practices such as design or fashion, the work of Nicolas Saint Gregoire raises the question of the nature of a piece of art.
He takes over from traditional forms of furniture (tables, chairs, lighting...) and frees them from all functional, economics or social role. Through his work, those utilitarian objects become objects of art.
Starting 2009, he started drawing the repertoire of forms and motifs created by fashion designer Yves Saint Laurent to create light sculptures that interrogates the status of fashion as art.
Exhibitions
2013: Frimousses de Createurs - UNICEF - Petit Palais - Paris
2013: Art Southampton - Curator special project - USA
2013: Diva special project - Monaco
2012: Frimousses de Createurs - UNICEF - Petit Palais - Paris
2012: Saint Gregoire Rive Gauche, Stéphane Olivier Gallery, Paris
2011: ArtCouture. Solo Show. Gallery 27, London
2011: Nicolas Saint Gregoire, Stéphane Olivier Gallery, Paris
2011: Volta Basel, Basel
2011: Art San Francisco
2010: ArtDesign. Solo Show, Stranos, Saint-Tropez
2010: London Art Fair
2010: Art Miami
2009: Art Miami (selected to represent contemporary sculpture)
2009: Art on the Top. Solo Show. Empire State Building, New York
References
External links
Official website
Life As a Work of Art Gallery website
Galerie Marcel Strouk Rive Gauche
The Cynthia Corbett Gallery website
French designers
1983 births
Living people |
Bellator 266: Davis vs. Romero was a mixed martial arts event produced by Bellator MMA that took place on September 18, 2021, at the SAP Center in San Jose, California, United States.
Background
Former UFC middleweight title contender Yoel Romero made his Bellator debut against Phil Davis, another former UFC contender, at this event. Romero, 44, was slated to debut for the promotion in the first round of their light heavyweight tournament against Anthony Johnson in May, but was forced to withdraw due to a medical issue concerning his eye.
The co-main event featured a bout between #4 ranked Welterweight Neiman Gracie and Mark Lemminger.
A women's flyweight bout between Alejandra Lara and DeAnna Bennett was scheduled for Bellator 263. The bout was rescheduled for unknown reasons to take place at Bellator 265. On August 13, it was announced that the bout was moved once again, this time to this event.
A lightweight bout between Adam Piccolotti and Saul Rogers was scheduled for this event. However, Piccolotti pulled out of the bout due to unknown reasons and was replaced by Georgi Karakhanyan.
Bantamweight bouts between Socrates Hernandez and Pedro Juarez and Erik Gunha versus Bobby Soronio III were scheduled for the event; however Juarez and Gunha pulled out their respective bouts so Hernandez and Soronio III instead faced each other.
Eddie Abasolo was scheduled to face Art Hernandez in a 160 pounds catchweight bout, but Hernandez did not make weight. Therefore, Abasolo did not weigh in and the bout was scrapped.
At the weigh-ins, DeAnna Bennett missed weight for her bout. Bennett weighed in at 129.2 pounds, 3.2 pounds over the flyweight non-title fight limit. The bout proceeded at catchweight and Bennett was fined a percentage of her purse which went to her opponent Alejandra Lara.
Results
Reported payout
The following is the reported payout to the fighters as reported to the California State Athletic Commission. It is important to note the amounts do not include sponsor money, discretionary bonuses, viewership points or additional earnings. The total disclosed payout for the event was $778,800.
MAIN CARD (10 p.m. E.T., Showtime)
Phil Davis: $100,000 def. Yoel Romero: $150,000
Neiman Gracie: $100,000 def. Mark Lemminger: $40,000
DeAnna Bennett: $38,600 (includes $17,000 win bonus, $5,400 deduction) def. Alejandra Lara: $27,700 ($2,700 from Bennett)
Saul Rogers: $80,000 (includes $40,000 win bonus) def. Georgi Karakhanyan: $35,000
Ben Parrish: $20,000 (includes $10,000 win bonus) def. Christian Edwards: $30,000
PRELIMS (7 p.m. E.T., YouTube/PlutoTV)
Alex Polizzi: $36,000 (includes $18,000 win bonus) def. Grant Neal: $16,000
Anthony Adams: $40,000 (includes $20,000 win bonus) def. Khalid Murtazaliev: $33,000
Robert Seronio III: $3,000 (includes $1,500 win bonus) def. Socrates Hernandez: $2,000
Abraham Vaesau: $6,000 (includes $3,000 win bonus) def. Albert Gonzales: $3,000
Shane Keefe: $3,000 (includes $1,500 win bonus) def. Rhalan Gracie: $5,000
Edwin De Los Santos: $3,000 (includes $1,500 win bonus) def. Jonathan Adams: $1,500
Jesse Delgado: $4,000 (includes $2,000 win bonus) def. Joshua Dillon: $2,000
See also
2021 in Bellator MMA
List of Bellator MMA events
List of current Bellator fighters
Bellator MMA Rankings
References
Events in San Jose, California
Bellator MMA events
2021 in mixed martial arts
September 2021 sports events in the United States
2021 in sports in California
Mixed martial arts in California
Sports competitions in California |
La Vallee is a settlement on the island of Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands.
References
Populated places in Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands |
Perceval Gibbon (4 November 1879 – 30 May 1926) was an author and journalist, serving for the Rand Daily Mail in South Africa, as well as for other publications. Gibbon had travelled to South Africa in 1898, moved to the war front and became the representative of a syndicate of colonial newspapers at the outbreak of the Anglo-Boer War. He is best remembered for his short stories, which often contained an ironic twist at the end. Gibbon's influence on the work of later South African authors has been acknowledged. For instance, the fictional narrator of Vrouw Grobelaar's Leading Cases (1905) is said to be a forerunner of Herman Charles Bosman's character Oom Schalk Lourens.
Early life
Gibbon was born in Trelech, Carmarthenshire, Wales, and was educated in the Moravian School, in Königsfeld, Baden, Germany.
During World War I he was a war correspondent with the Italian Army from 1917 to 1918. From 1918–1919, Perceval Gibbon was a Major in the British Royal Marines. After leaving school at Königsfeld, Gibbon joined the Merchant Navy as a cadet under sail, travelling in Europe, Africa, and the Americas. He writes with authority about the sea, ships and sailing and continued to retain close associations with the Navy throughout his writing life. His first acquaintance with the Royal Navy was as a young journalist reporting on courts-martial held in the HMS Victory at Portsmouth. During the First World War he was given a commission as a Major in the Royal Marine Artillery, employed as a sort of official eye-witness with the Navy. One outcome of this period was his authorship of The triumph of the Royal Navy (1919).
Career and adult life
Perceval Gibbon was a friend of the writer Joseph Conrad, and dedicated his novel Flower o' the Peach (1911) to Joseph Conrad and Jessie Conrad. Conrad dedicated his novel Victory (1915) to Perceval and Maisie Gibbon.
Gibbon's early works were influenced by his extensive travels throughout Europe, America, and Africa.
In 2007 the work Margaret Harding was adapted into a screenplay by Meg Rickards who directed the mini-series and the made-for-TV feature film for the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC), under the title Land of Thirst.
Selected works
African Items, 1903 (verse)
Souls in Bondage, 1904 (novel)
Salvator, 1905 (novel)
Vrouw Grobelaar's Leading Cases, 1905 (stories)
Flower o' the Peach, 1911 (novel). (Published in Britain by Methuen, London under the title Margaret Harding).
The Adventures of Miss Gregory, 1911 (stories)
Margaret Harding, 1911 (novel), (published in the US by The Century Co, New York under the title Flower o' the Peach). adapted into television series, Land of Thirst in 2008.
The Triumph of the Royal Navy: Official Record of the Surrender of the German Fleet, 1918, Hodder & Stoughton, 48pp.
The Dark Places, 1926 (stories)
References
External links
Perceval Gibbon Papers at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center
Film based on "Margaret Harding"
Film based on "Margaret Harding"
Short Stories by Perceval Gibbon at manybooks.net
1949 American radio play production of Gibbon's "The Second Class Passenger". Adapted from the 1913 short story.
1879 births
1926 deaths
Royal Marines officers |
Drago Gervais (April 18, 1904 – July 3, 1957) was a Croatian Istrian poet and playwright, and one of the most prominent poets writing in the Chakavian dialect of Croatian.
Drago Gervais was born in 1904 in Opatija. His father Artur, a descendant of a French soldier in Napoleon's army, was a music teacher born in Severin na Kupi in the Gorski Kotar region of Croatia, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. His mother Klementina was from Opatija. In 1918 during the Italian annexation of Istria, he moved with his family to Bakar. In 1922 he graduated from high school in Sušak and attended Zagreb Law School. During his studies he started to collaborate with the Triestine magazine Naš Glas, in which his first two poems, Iz Improvizacija and Mi, were published. Soon after graduating he moved to Crikvenica where he worked at a local law firm. The next year he published his first collection of poems Čakavski stihovi. Later he worked in Bjelovar and Belgrade during the Second World War.
In Belgrade he eventually worked for the Yugoslavian state news agency, Tanjug, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, but soon returned to Rijeka where he became the director of Rijeka's Croatian National Theater. He worked there until he fell from a balcony in Sežana at the age of 53.
He was included with Mate Balota in the edition Five Centuries of Croatian Literature, published posthumously in 1973.
Collection of poems
Čakavski stihovi (1929)
Istarski katun (1951)
Comedies
Radi se o stanu (1951)
Karolina Riječka (1952)
Duhi (1953)
Reakcionari
Brod je otplovio
Čudo od djevice Ivane
Palmin List
Ujak iz Amerike
Filmography
Barba Žvane (1949)
Sources
1904 births
1957 deaths
20th-century Croatian people
20th-century Croatian poets
People from Istria
Croatian male poets
Croatian people of French descent
Road incident deaths in Slovenia
Road incident deaths in Yugoslavia
People from Opatija
20th-century male writers |
Buffalo (or Buffalo Club) is a drinking game where participants agree to only drink from their glass with their non-dominant hand. If they are caught using the other hand, they must 'chug' or 'skull' (rapidly finish) their drink.
People who play the game refer to themselves as "Buffalos", and groups of players may refer to themselves as a "Buffalo club".
History
The history and origin of the Buffalo Club are obscure and many versions are in existence. A folk origin of the game states that Buffalo Club stems from the gunslinging days of the Wild West where the use of one's right hand (the shooting hand) was at times a matter of life or death. Thus, recreational activities such as playing cards or drinking were done with the left hand only to avoid severe consequences. The game is now popular around the world.
Basic game
The rules are fairly simple, though widely varying, and involve which hand a player may use to drink.
The basic rule of the game is that a player can only drink with their non-dominant hand. If any other Buffalo players spot them drinking with their dominant hand, they call Buffalo on the player and that player must finish their drink as quickly as possible. If the player hesitates to finish their drink, the other players will usually proceed to make a ruckus chanting "Buffalo!" and banging on the table until the player finishes.
The game is often presented as a "lifetime commitment", where agreeing to play it means that others who know this may catch you out for drinking with the wrong hand at any point in the future.
Variants
In one version of the game, all players must drink with their left hand, irrespective of their dominant hand. This removes the need for players to ask each others' dominant hand.
In some parts of Australia the non-dominant hand must also have the pinkie either raised or at least not in contact with the drink.
Completing a buffalo with the proper hand can be called a double buffalo, forcing the player to chug two drinks.
If the player calls Buffalo on somebody when they are actually drinking with the proper hand, there is no penalty
If a player is ambidextrous and uses this as an excuse, they have to finish your drink and then a hand will be decided for them.
Some players rule that the dominant hand must be used when drinking non-alcoholic beverages, to discourage a player from adjusting their drinking hand for all drinks.
Reverse Buffalo Fridays whereby between the hours of 12am Friday morning until 11:59:59pm Friday night, players must drink with their dominant hands.
In version of the game sometimes called 'Buffalo Time' Players must drink with the hand that corresponds to the minute hand on a watch. From x:01-x:29 they drink with their right hand, from x:31-x:59 their left. At half past, and on the hour both hands must be used
The Left Hand brewery promotes its milk stout as being an "immunity beer", which may be drunk with either hand by Buffalo players.
See also
The Game (mind game), another game in which the players are perpetually playing.
References
Drinking games
American frontier |
Adolf Edward Nussbaum (10 January 1925 – 31 October 2009) was a German-born American theoretical mathematician who was a professor of mathematics at Washington University in St. Louis for nearly 40 years. He worked with others in 20th-century theoretical physics and mathematics such as J. Robert Oppenheimer and John von Neumann, and was acquainted with Albert Einstein.
Early years
Nussbaum was born to a Jewish family in Rheydt, a borough of the German city Mönchengladbach in northwestern Germany, in 1925. The youngest of three children, he was a Holocaust survivor and was orphaned after the Nazi takeover of Germany.
Both his father, Karl Nussbaum, a wounded veteran of World War I during which he had been awarded the Iron Cross, and his mother, Franziska, was murdered at Auschwitz. His brother, Erwin Nussbaum, was also captured and killed. Nussbaum and his sister, Lieselotte, were separated and sent on a Kindertransport to Belgium in 1939.
When Belgium was invaded by Germany, Nussbaum escaped to southern France, then under the Vichy regime. He lived there at an orphanage known as Château de la Hille. He began his teaching career there, while still a teenager, teaching mathematics to the younger children.
After being captured twice, and jailed once by the Nazis, he escaped on foot to Switzerland, where he attended the University of Zurich, studying both mathematics and physics. In 1947, he was sponsored by relatives in New Jersey to emigrate to the United States.
Career
Shortly after emigrating to the United States, he studied mathematics at Brooklyn College before transferring to Columbia University in New York where he earned his Master of Arts degree in 1950 and his Ph.D. in 1957.
While writing his thesis for Columbia, he worked in the academic year 1952–1953 at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton with John von Neumann, a mathematician who used Hilbert spaces in his development of the mathematical basis of quantum mechanics. Hilbert spaces eventually became Nussbaum's area of expertise and he wrote several papers with von Neumann on this topic. During this period, Nussbaum also became acquainted with Albert Einstein, another of the original group at the Institute for Advanced Study.
Nussbaum's thesis was accepted with no revisions and he received his doctorate shortly thereafter.
In the meantime he had worked at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, where he co-authored papers with Allen Devinatz, and at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York. He followed Devinatz to St. Louis to teach at Washington University in 1958.
In 1962, he was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Studies working with Robert Oppenheimer; in 1967–68 he was a visiting scholar at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California.
He joined Washington University's mathematics faculty as an assistant professor in 1958. He became a full professor in 1966 and taught until 1995, when he was named an emeritus professor.
Personal life
Nussbaum married his cousin's sister-in-law, Anne Ebbin, on September 1, 1957. They had a son, Karl Erich Nussbaum and a daughter, Franziska Suzanne Nussbaum. He died in St. Louis, Missouri, in 2009.
Selected publications
}
Notes
1925 births
2009 deaths
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Mathematical analysts
Jewish American scientists
Washington University physicists
Columbia University alumni
Institute for Advanced Study visiting scholars
Washington University in St. Louis faculty
Emigrants from Nazi Germany
Immigrants to Belgium
Immigrants to the United States
Kindertransport refugees
Washington University in St. Louis mathematicians
People from Mönchengladbach
Scientists from St. Louis
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute faculty
Brooklyn College alumni |
The 1941 Tennessee Volunteers football team, also known as the Vols, was an American football team that represented the University of Tennessee as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) in the 1941 college football season. In their first season under head coach John Barnhill, the Volunteers compiled an 8–2 record (3–1 against SEC opponents), finished second in the SEC, and outscored opponents by a total of 182 to 73/ The team played its home games at Shields–Watkins Field in Knoxville, Tennessee.
Schedule
1942 NFL draft
Four Tennessee players were selected in the 1942 NFL draft.
References
Tennessee
Tennessee Volunteers football seasons
Tennessee Volunteers football |
Archibald, Archie or Arch Macdonald, MacDonald or McDonald may refer to:
Sir Archibald Macdonald, 1st Baronet (1747–1826), British lawyer and politician
Archibald Macdonald (Canadian politician) (died 1872), politician in Upper Canada
Archibald MacDonald, Governor of British Honduras during the 19th century
Archibald MacDonald, 7th of Dunnyveg (fl. 1560), clan chief of Clan MacDonald of Dunnyveg
Archibald McDonald (1790–1853), Hudson's Bay Company fur trader
Archibald McDonald (Canadian politician) (1849–1933), merchant and politician in British Columbia, Canada
Archibald John Macdonald (Prince Edward Island politician) (1834–1917), merchant and politician in Prince Edward Island, Canada
Archibald John Macdonald (1876–1938), merchant and politician in Ontario, Canada
Archie Macdonald (1904–1983), Scottish businessperson and politician
Archie MacDonald (wrestler) (1895–1965), British Olympic wrestler
Arch McDonald (1901–1960), American radio broadcaster for the Washington Senators
Arch MacDonald (1911–1985), Boston based American broadcast journalist
Arch McDonald (footballer) (1882–1932), Australian rules footballer
Archibald McDonald (Australian politician) (1872–1962), South Australian politician
Archie MacDonald, a fictional character in the BBC TV series Monarch of the Glen
See also |
Polylepis pepei is a species of plant in the family Rosaceae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru. It is threatened by habitat loss.
References
pepei
Flora of the Andes
Páramo flora
Vulnerable plants
Trees of Bolivia
Trees of Peru
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Giuseppe Gaetano Descalzi (1767-1855) was a Genoese furniture maker, best known as the inventor of the Chiavari chair.
Giuseppe Gaetano Descalzi was born in Chiavari in the Republic of Genoa in 1767, the son of a cooper.
He was called "il Campanino" ("the bell ringer") because his grandfather was the bell-ringer of the Bacezza church.
Descalzi was apprenticed to one of the best master carpenters of Chiavari, and became a master craftsman himself.
In 1795 the Descalzi brothers opened a furniture workshop.
In 1796 he received a silver medal for two wooden chests of drawers from the Chiavari Società Economica,
which had been founded five years earlier by the Marquis Stefano Rivarola.
Descalzi introduced the use of a polished slab of San Giacomo slate as a tabletop, a low-cost alternative to marble.
In 1807 Rivarola challenged Descalzi to design a new, modern chair based on a chair that he had brought from Paris.
Descalzi created a simple, practical and elegant design for a cherrywood chair.
The chairs are both light and robust.
Descalzi exploited traditional knowledge, paid strict attention to quality and developed new manufacturing techniques.
Chairs using the "Chiavarine" design became extremely popular and were purchased by many of the monarchs of the time.
Descalzi's furniture designs won numerous medals at trade shows.
His sons Emanuele and Giacomo and their descendants continued the chair making industry that he had founded.
Many other factories opened in Chiavari and the surrounding towns, and some continue to make furniture today.
References
Citations
Sources
1767 births
1855 deaths |
Ephemera guttulata, commonly known as the eastern green drake, shad fly and coffinfly, is a species of mayfly in the genus Ephemera. The eastern green drake is native to the continental United States and Canada. Its conservation status per the NatureServe conservation status ranking system is G5, meaning it is secure.
Range
This species is endemic to the eastern seaboard of the United States and Canada, ranging no further west than Ontario and Arkansas.
Reproductive cycle
Like all mayflies, eastern green drakes have a fully aquatic larval stage. This is followed by a phase of a flying sexually immature adult called the subimago. Finally, there is a short-lived sexually mature adult stage (imago).
References
Mayflies
Insects of the United States
Insects of Canada
Insects described in 1843
Taxa named by François Jules Pictet de la Rive |
Grishko Ltd. () is a privately held manufacturer of dance shoes, wear and accessories. The company was founded in 1989 by Nikolay Grishko in Moscow, Russia. It is an international company with four factories in Europe and sales in over 70 countries. The company began as a pointe shoe manufacturer and now produces many types of dance shoes and wear.
History
Nikolay Grishko decided to start the company after hearing dancers complain about their footwear through his wife, a former ballerina.
Shortly after starting the company in the early 1990s, many of the theatre workshops in Russia were forced to close and Nikolai recruited the master craftsmen from these theatre workshops to work with him. Nikolay also recruited the only person to date to have a PhD in ballet shoe technology and mechanics.
As of 2014, the company consists of four factories in Europe, a flagship store in Moscow Russia and over 500 employees, including 76 people with registered disabilities.
As of September 11, 2019, Grishko operates in the United States of America under the name Nikolay as the result of a legal battle with their US distributor, I.M. Wilson.
Production
Grishko pointe shoes are handmade using all natural materials and tested by professional dancers. Grishko has developed several pointe shoe innovations such as using nano-technology to improve foot health, working with navy acoustics labs to reduce noise on stage and collaborating with a laboratory of starch products to develop better glues.
Products
Grishko's footwear line includes shoes for pointe, ballet, ballroom, jazz, acro, contemporary, gymnastics, character and theatre. The pointe shoes are based on four main shapes, called "lasts" - the Grishko 2007, the Fouette, the Vaganova and the Elite. Grishko currently offers 26 different models of pointe shoes. The most recent pointe shoe added to the line is based on the Grishko 2007 last and is called the DreamPointe.
The dancewear line includes leotards for ballet and gymnastics, warm-up boots, tights, stage costumes, knitwear, fitness, yoga, pilates and general active lifestyle wear. The Grishko dancewear workshop handcrafts intricate tutus, costumes and shoes. The company also produces dance accessories, such as toe pads, bags, ribbons, elastics and overlays.
In 2014, Grishko created and produced its first 'haute couture' dancewear line in collaboration with Diana Vishneva and Tatyana Parfionova.
Notable appearances
In the December 2014 issue of Vogue, Annie Leibovitz photographed Amy Adams wearing Grishko's Nova 2007 model pointe shoes.
Grishko products are commonly used in Vogue Russia, most notably in photoshoots by Patrick Demarchelier.
In January 2014, Ralph Lauren used Grishko pointe shoes for ballet themed window displays of its stores.
Social causes
Grishko supports dance schools and organizations such as The Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet, The Dance Open and The Boris Eifman Academy.
References
External links
Grishko Russia
Grishko Shop Russia
Grishko Czech Republic
Grishko UK
Grishko Canada
Grishko USA
Grishko Brasil
Dancewear companies
Sportswear brands
Clothing brands
Pointe shoe manufacturers |
Vizefeldwebel Michael Hutterer MMC IC was a World War I flying ace credited with eight aerial victories.
Hutterer began over two years in ground units on 4 August 1914. He won his native Bavaria's 3rd Class Military Merit Cross on 24 April 1916. On 25 September 1916, he was promoted to Unteroffizier.
On 2 November 1916, he began pilot's training to gain his Bavarian Flying Badge.
On 23 May 1918, he would join Jagdstaffel 23. By war's end, he had shot down eight enemy aircraft, been awarded both classes of the Iron Cross, and received another promotion, to Vizefeldwebel.
Shortly after the Armistice, he would receive another award of the Military Merit Cross, this one Second Class with Swords.
Biography
Michael Hutterer was born in Munich, the Kingdom of Bavaria, the German Empire on 17 November 1891. After schooling, he was a mechanic. As World War I began, he reported for duty in Bavaria's 2nd Machine Gun Company on 4 August 1914. He was later transferred to its 2nd Field Artillery Regiment. On 24 April 1916, he received his native Bavaria's Military Merit Cross Third Class. Hutterer was promoted to Unteroffizier on 25 September 1916. On 2 November 1916, he entered pilot's training at Fliegerersatz-Abteilung (Replacement Detachment) 5 at Gersthofen. On 20 December 1916, Michael Hutterer was awarded the Iron Cross Second Class.
On 28 June 1917, he was promoted to Vizefeldwebel. He was awarded the First Class Iron Cross on 10 July 1917. On 23 July 1917, he received his Bavarian Flying Badge. There is no record of his activities for the next few months, though German policy customarily called for rookie pilots to fly two-seaters while they gained flight and combat experience; this service also served as a sort of audition for single-seat fighters. Michael Hutterer is known to have graduated from Jastaschule I (Fighter school 1) and to have been posted to a fighter squadron, Royal Bavarian Jagdstaffel 23, on 23 May 1918. He staked an unsuccessful claim to destroying a British plane on 31 May 1918, but did not have his first real success until 22 July. From then through 1 November 1918, he shot down seven more enemy planes. His penultimate victory on 30 October was over Archibald Buchanan, an American ace flying in an old Royal Naval Air Service squadron, the former Ten Naval. Hutterer would not score any more victories during the last ten days of World War I.
Shortly after war's end, Michael Hutterer was honored with the Bavarian Military Merit Cross 2nd Class with Swords.
Michael Hutterer died in Tutzing, Bavaria on 21 July 1964.
Endnotes
References
Franks, Norman; Bailey, Frank W.; Guest, Russell. Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps, 1914–1918. Grub Street, 1993. , .
German World War I flying aces
1891 births
1964 deaths
Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
Military personnel from Munich
Recipients of the Military Merit Cross (Bavaria)
Military personnel from the Kingdom of Bavaria
Luftstreitkräfte personnel |
Quarles Range () is a high and rugged range of the Queen Maud Mountains, extending from the polar plateau between Cooper and Bowman Glaciers and terminating near the edge of Ross Ice Shelf. Peaks in the range were first sighted by Captain Roald Amundsen in 1911, and the range was mapped in detail by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition, 1928–30. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Donald A. Quarles, Sec. of the Air Force, 1955–57, and Deputy Sec. of Defense, 1957–59, at the outset of the International Geophysical Year and organization of U.S. activity in Antarctica.
Key mountains
Mount Harrington () is a mountain, 2,550 m, standing 4 nautical miles (7 km) northeast of Mount Ruth Gade in the Quarles Range. It was mapped by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition, 1928–30, and by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1960–64. It was named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for John R. Harrington, meteorologist with the South Pole Station winter party, 1962.
Features
Geographical features include:
Bowman Glacier
Cooper Glacier
Mohn Basin
Mount Belecz
Mount Dean
Mount Ruth Gade
Mount Wedel-Jarlsberg
Schobert Nunatak
References
Queen Maud Mountains
Amundsen Coast |
Charlotte Ray is a beauty queen from Camden, New Jersey who competed in the Miss USA and Miss World pageants.
Miss USA
Ray won the title of Miss New Jersey USA 1991 in August 1990, the first time she entered the pageant. She went on to represent New Jersey in the 1991 Miss USA pageant, which was televised live from Wichita, Kansas on February 22, 1991. Ray made the top ten in seventh place after the preliminary competition, and won the interview portion of the semifinal competition and came fourth in swimsuit. After the evening gown, swimsuit and interview competitions, Ray's average score placed her third overall. She improved after the final question, placing first runner-up to Kelli McCarty of Kansas.
Miss World
Later that year, as first runner-up to Miss USA 1991, Ray gained the right to represent the United States at Miss World 1991 held in Atlanta, Georgia. She was a top 10 semifinalist in that pageant, which was won by Ninibeth Leal of Venezuela.
References
External links
Miss New Jersey official website
Living people
1960s births
People from Camden, New Jersey
Miss World 1991 delegates
Miss USA 1991 delegates
20th-century American people |
The Democratic Party is a provincial conservative and liberal party in Mendoza, Argentina. It was founded in 1983.
History and principles
Since the end of the latest military regime in Argentina, the party has been the third political force in Mendoza, except in 1999 when it won the second position in the elections.
For many years it was led by former national deputy and candidate for governor of the province Carlos Balter.
In 2006, the president of the Democratic Party and national deputy, Omar De Marchi, asked "forgiveness" for the participation of leaders of this party during the last dictatorship.
The Democratic Party promised to strengthen the role of the party in Cambiemos, which governs the province with Alfredo Cornejo.
History
It was member of the national Recrear electoral alliance led by Ricardo López Murphy although in 2007 it supported the presidential bid of Roberto Lavagna rather than that of López Murphy.
In the 2013 legislative elections, it formed a center-right alliance with the Republican Proposal, called the PD - PRO Union.
Since 2015, it has participated in an alliance with the Radical Civic Union and other parties in a centrist alliance called Frente Cambia Mendoza supporting the radical Alfredo Cornejo as governor of the Province, which finally managed to win the general elections.
With harsh criticism of the radical governor Rodolfo Suárez, the Democratic Party broke the agreement with the UCR and PRO and left Juntos por el Cambio.
References
Provincial political parties in Argentina
Conservative parties in Argentina
Mendoza Province |
Mamiboys was a boyband consisting of Caleb Jacob, Kevi-J and Krisheno from, India and Singapore. Formed in 2007, by Krisheno, the band is composed of Krisheno (Music Producer, Songwriter and Rapper), Caleb Jacob (Songwriter and Lead Vocalist) and Kevi-J (Lead Vocalist). The boy band was active until Krisheno exited the boy band in 2021 to pursue his musical career as a solo artist.
Mamiboys have worked together with several South Indian Music Producers such as Harris Jayaraj, Srikanth Deva & Bobo Shashi for various Tamil and Telugu Movie Soundtracks.
In 2012, the group singles titled "Chalo India" and "Siru Siru Thozvikal" were featured as official soundtracks for the Award Winning Short Film Roadside Ambanis.
2009-10 : Contributions to South Indian Movies
In the year 2009, Mamiboys made their debut in South Indian Film Music by contributing rap vocals in the song "Seema Siriki" from the South Indian Movie "Thottu Paar". Composed by Indian Music Producer, Srikanth Deva and directed by K. V. Nandhu and produced by Janaki Sivakumar and starring Vidharth, Ramana and Lakshana in leading roles the movie was released on 15 October 2010 with a U/A Certification. On the same year, Mamiboys collaborated with South-Indian Music Producer Bobo Shashi to contribute rap vocals for the song titled “Bindaas” from the Telugu Motion Picture "Bindaas" Starring film stars Manoj Manchu and Sheena Shahabadi, Bindaas was released in India on 5 February 2010 and was also later dubbed in Malayalam as "Happy 2 Happy". In 2010, the group contributed rap vocals to South Indian Music Producer Harris Jayaraj composition which was featured as a background score for the Telugu Motion Picture titled "Orange" starring film stars, Ram Charan and Genelia D Souza. The film was released in India on 26 November 2010 and was later dubbed in Malayalam as "Hai Ram Charan" and in Tamil as "Ram Charan".
2012 : Roadside Ambanis
In 2012, Mamiboys duo singles titled Chalo India and Siru Siru Thozvikal were featured as official soundtracks for the Short Film "Roadside Ambanis". Written and directed by first-timer Kamal Sethu, and produced by Grape Pictures, Roadside Ambanis was awarded as the Best Short Film at the 3rd Norway Tamil Film Festival On 27 April 2012. Oslo, Norway.
2013: Dum Tea
Dum Tea is the debut music album of Mamiboys with music scored by Jude Niranjan. Consisting of Seven Tracks, the album launch event took place at AVM Studios on May 13, 2013. Dum Tea consists of a total of seven songs.
Controversy
In 2015, Mamiboys accused debutant South Indian director, Thangam Saravanan of having copied their Dum Tea song concept as well as visuals from Dum Tea official music video for a song titled “Tea Podu” in his debut movie “Anjala” starring Vimal and Nandita.
However director Thangam Saravanan refused the allegation stating that 'Tea' was the only similarity between the two songs and the concept, music, lyrics, choreography and making were entirely different.
2016 : KAKAL
"KAKAL" is a song recorded by Mamiboys Caleb Jacob and was released on April 1, 2016. The music of KAKAL was produced by Mamiboys Krisheno and written by Caleb Jacob. Kakal was described as being different and fresh with the music being described as addictive.
2021 : Take Me Somewhere
"Take Me Somewhere" is a Chill EDM track produced by Mamiboys Krisheno and was released on June 1, 2021. The track was described as being different from the usual EDM genre consisting of screaming drops, grinding basslines, over the top rave synths and crowd driven anthem. Instead the song was described more of a chilled out, super ambient record with an overall summer vibe.
Discography
South Indian Films
Short films
Singles
References
Indian hip hop groups |
Muak Lek (, ) is a district (amphoe) of Saraburi province, Thailand. It occupies the province's easternmost part, in the Dong Phaya Yen Mountains which divide the central and northeastern regions. Originally a formidable jungle, much of the forest cover was cleared in the 20th century, though several forested hills remain, with natural features serving as tourist destinations—parts of Khao Yai and Namtok Chet Sao Noi national parks are within the district area. Dairy farming is an important industry in the district, having been introduced to the country here in 1962.
History
Up through the 19th century, the area of Muak Lek district, together with Pak Chong district to its east, was covered by the thick jungle of Dong Phaya Fai (later renamed Dong Phaya Yen), through which passed an important though harshly inhospitable route through the mountains into the Khorat plateau from Saraburi. The Northeastern Railway was built through the pass in 1898, with a station at Muak Lek town. Conditions during the construction were harsh, with many workers perishing to disease. Knud Lyne Rahbek (1878–1897), a Danish assistant railway surveyor and the son of chief engineer Knud Rahbek, died here and is buried in a prominent grave near the station.
The forests of Dong Phaya Yen were rapidly cleared following the construction of Mittraphap Road in 1955, which vastly opened up access to the area. When the Thai government pushed for the development of a dairy industry with Danish assistance in 1960s, Muak Lek was chosen as the site of the Thai–Danish Dairy Farm and its training centre, which opened in 1962.
Muak Lek district used to be a subdistrict (tambon) under Saraburi province's Kaeng Khoi district. It was created as a district on 27 December 1968, when the area of the former Tambon Muak Lek was split into three tambon containing 33 villages, and formed a new district named Muak Lek. The new district started operation on 21 January 1969. On 7 May 1970 the permanent district office building was opened.
In 1988 the northwestern area was split off from the district to form the new Wang Muang district.
Geography
Muak Lek, in the east of the province, is the second-largest district of Saraburi by area. Neighbouring districts are from the north clockwise: Phatthana Nikhom, Tha Luang, and Lam Sonthi of Lopburi province; Sikhio and Pak Chong of Nakhon Ratchasima province; Mueang Nakhon Nayok of Nakhon Nayok province; and Kaeng Khoi and Wang Muang of Saraburi.
The district is in the hills of the Dong Phaya Yen Mountains, which separate central Thailand from the northeastern region (Isan). Khao Yai National Park occupies part of the district at its southern end. Khlong Muak Lek, a stream originating from Khao Yai, separates Muak Lek district from Pak Chong as it flows northwards to join the Pa Sak River. Muak Lek town lies on the western bank of the stream, with the Muak Lek Waterfall in its vicinity. The Chet Sao Noi Waterfalls lie downstream to the north, and the eponymous national park covers forested hill areas in the vicinity.
Economy
The majority of Muak Lek district's population practice agriculture, with maize being the most common crop. Dairy farming is an important component of Muak Lek's economy, the district being a major centre of dairy production in the country as it is home to the headquarters of the state enterprise the Dairy Farming Promotion Organization of Thailand (DPO), in Mittraphap Sub-district.
Tourism also contributes to the district's economy, its natural attractions, agritourism and outdoor activities attracting visitors who usually visit along with further attractions in Pak Chong district's Khao Yai area. Several resorts and Scout camps are located in the district. The campus of Asia-Pacific International University is also in Muak Lek, just west of the town, as is the new campus of the Royal Thai Air Force Academy. Some quarries of the cement factories in neighbouring Kaeng Khoi district also extend into Muak Lek's area.
Transport
The district is crossed by Mittraphap Road—designated National Highway 2—and the northeastern railway line on their way through the hills and into Isan. The under-construction (as of 2022) Motorway 6, with an access ramp serving Muak Lek, is expected to supplant Mittraphap as the most direct route from Bangkok to Nakhon Ratchasima.
As Khlong Muak Lek forms a valley between the surrounding hills, the original railway was forced to snake through the area in a large U shape as it passed the town to the east. As part of infrastructure work to upgrade the railway to double-track from 2016 to 2024, a -high viaduct—the first of its kind in Thailand—was built to cross over the valley and the town altogether. A new station was built west of the original location.
Administration
The district is divided into six sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 65 villages (mubans). Muak Lek itself has township status (thesaban tambon) and covers parts of tambons Muak Lek and Mittraphap. There are six tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
References
Muak Lek |
Alanoud Alsharekh () is a Kuwaiti women's rights activist who is a founding member of Abolish 153 (also known as Abolish Article 153), a campaign calling to end honour killings in Kuwait. She has been awarded the Ordre national du Mérite and was made one of the BBC 100 Women in 2019.
Early life and education
Alsharekh was born in Kuwait. She studied at Al Bayan Bilingual School and would have graduated in 1992 but could not due to the invasion of Kuwait. She studied English literature at King's College London. She earned her bachelor's degree in 1996, before moving to SOAS University of London to study applied linguistics. She was supported by a scholarship from Kuwait University. She returned to Kuwait pregnant with her daughter at the same time that the suffrage movement was starting. When women lost their fight for full political rights in 1999, she returned at SOAS for her doctorate, focusing on comparative feminism and Middle Eastern studies.
Career
After completing her PhD she was appointed a research associate at SOAS. She joined Uppsala University where she became interested in literature of the Middle East. She has served as a visiting academic and senior consultant at Uppsala University, Whittier College and Kuwait University. She was appointed to the Kuwait National Security Bureau in 2008.
Alsharekh is an Associate Fellow at Chatham House, where she leads a program called "Empowering Kuwaiti Women in Politics". She is simultaneously director of the Ibtkar Strategic Consultancy. In this capacity she has worked to support women's rights both in Kuwait and overseas. Ibtkar led the "Empowering Kuwaiti Women in Politics" program, which included a year of training for Kuwaiti women in political leadership. Alongside training women in Kuwait, Ibtkar has run culturally sensitive training for Great Ormond Street Hospital and the Royal College of Art.
Alongside her advocacy with Ibtkar, Alsharekh has served as director of the "Friends who Care" campaign for young girls who are at risk within the social care system of Kuwait. She has worked as a gender consultant for both UN Women and the United Nations Development Programme. She delivered a TED talk in Kuwait City where she spoke about her feminist activism. Alsharekh is the founding director of the "Abolish 153" campaign, that looks to end honour killings in Kuwait. She is also head of department at the Arab Open University. In 2018 she was made a non-resident fellow at The Arab Gulf States Institute. She serves on the advisory board of the Global Diplomatic Forum.
Awards and honours
2013 Doha Institute for Graduate Studies Arab Prize in Social Science and Humanities Research for best publication in a foreign journal
2015 European Union Chaillot Prize for Human Rights
2016 Ordre national du Mérite
2019 Outstanding Arab Woman
2019 BBC 100 Women
Selected publications
References
External links
Living people
Kuwaiti women academics
Kuwaiti feminists
Alumni of King's College London
Alumni of SOAS University of London
Academic staff of Kuwait University
Kuwaiti women's rights activists
Year of birth missing (living people) |
```c
--- wordplay.c.orig 1996-03-20 09:34:00.000000000 -0600
+++ wordplay.c 2012-10-03 05:07:15.000000000 -0500
@@ -136,13 +136,14 @@
*/
#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define max(A, B) ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
#define min(A, B) ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
-#define DEFAULT_WORD_FILE "words721.txt"
+#define DEFAULT_WORD_FILE "@PREFIX@/share/wordplay/words721.txt"
#define WORDBLOCKSIZE 4096
#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 128
#define SAFETY_ZONE MAX_WORD_LENGTH + 1
``` |
Persistent pupillary membrane (PPM) is a condition of the eye involving remnants of a fetal membrane that persist as strands of tissue crossing the pupil. The pupillary membrane in mammals exists in the fetus as a source of blood supply for the lens. It normally atrophies from the time of birth to the age of four to eight weeks. PPM occurs when this atrophy is incomplete. It generally does not cause any symptoms. The strands can connect to the cornea or lens, but most commonly to other parts of the iris. Attachment to the cornea can cause small corneal opacities, while attachment to the lens can cause small cataracts. Using topical atropine to dilate the pupil may help break down PPMs.
In dogs, PPM is inherited in the Basenji but can occur in other breeds such as the Pembroke Welsh Corgi, Chow Chow, Mastiff, and English Cocker Spaniel. It can also be observed in cats, horses, and cattle.
References
External links
Dog diseases
Disorders of iris and ciliary body |
Franz Oppurg (17 September 1948 – 9 March 1981) was an Austrian mountain climber. Having climbed from a young age, he became a mountain guide and rescuer, and did a number of first ascents in the winter of mountains in his native Karwendel. He was also the first climber to achieve a solo ascent of Mount Everest.
Biography
Oppurg was born on 17 September 1948 in Steinach am Brenner, in Tyrol. His father died at 33, when Franz was young, and the family, including a stepfather, moved to Wattens. From a young age, Oppurg was a climber. After working as a butcher, in 1975 he joined the mountain division of the army. He also trained mountaineering guides and for years led the local mountain rescue, from the Wattens section of the Austrian Alpine Club.
He made his first alpine tour when he was 16, with Toni Eliskases. With Wattens Alpine Club he climbed in the Hindu Kush in 1972, and in 1975 he went on an expedition in the Andes, to Jirishanca. In the 1970s he achieved the first winter ascents of the Lamsenspitze and other mountains in Karwendel.
In 1978, as member of an expedition led by Wolfgang Nairz, he made the first solo ascent of Mount Everest. He started at the South Col and reached the top. In 1980, he had a daughter with his girlfriend.
Solo ascent of Mount Everest
Oppurg was a member of the 1978 Austrian expedition led by Wolfgang Nairz when he climbed to the summit, solo, from the South Col. He shared a tent with Josl Knoll in the last camp before the summit, but they only had one oxygen mask suitable for climbing. Knoll, the older of the two, said Oppurg should have the opportunity, so Oppurg ascended, reaching the South Summit after three hours. When he got there he discovered his oxygen was all gone, but found an unused French oxygen bottle in the snow, which allowed him to get to the top, on 14 May 1978.
Oppurg summited ten days after Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler, members of the same expedition, reached the summit from the North side without using supplementary oxygen.
It is possible that Mick Burke, climbing solo, reached the summit of Everest via the Southwest face, as part of the 1975 British Mount Everest Southwest Face expedition led by Chris Bonington; however, Burke did not return from his attempt after a snowstorm hit the mountain. After Oppurg, Reinhold Messner was the next solo summiter; he climbed Everest alone, without oxygen, from the North side. Dr. Peter Hackett (member of the 1981 American Medical Research Expedition led by John B. West), on 24 October 1981, was the third; like Oppurg, he climbed with oxygen from the South Col to the summit.
Death
On 9 March 1981, Oppurg and his longtime friend Rudi Mayr went climbing on the Hechenberg, in Karwendel. Mayr said that Oppurg, who he said had always been an elegant climber, climbed VI degree routes as if they were graded IV. They stayed at the top for a long while, and according to Mayr, Oppurg expressed doubts about his abilities, said he had no real friends, and wondered which direction to take in life. Mayr comforted him, but during the descent, while Oppurg was ahead of Mayr, Oppurg fell and died.
References
External links
Alpenarchiv
1948 births
1981 deaths
Austrian summiters of Mount Everest
Mountaineering deaths
People from Innsbruck-Land District |
Thylacosceles is a genus of moths in the family Stathmopodidae.
Species
Thylacosceles acridomima Meyrick, 1889 (from New Zealand)
Thylacosceles angareuta Meyrick, 1922 (from India)
Thylacosceles cerata Meyrick, 1913 (from Sri Lanka)
Thylacosceles judex Meyrick, 1913 (from Sri Lanka)
Thylacosceles pithanodes Bradley, 1961 (from Guadalcanal)
Thylacosceles radians Philpott, 1918 (from New Zealand)
References
Meyrick, 1889 . Trans. N.Z. Inst. 21 : 165, 171
Markku Savela's ftp.funet.fi
Stathmopodidae
Moth genera |
Sigmund Haringer (9 December 1908 – 23 February 1975) was a German footballer
Club career
He played club football with Bayern Munich, Wacker München and 1. FC Nürnberg. With Bayern he won the German football championship in 1932.
International career
Haringer participated at the 1934 FIFA World Cup. Overall he won 15 caps for the Germany national team.
References
External links
1908 births
1975 deaths
German men's footballers
Germany men's international footballers
1934 FIFA World Cup players
FC Bayern Munich footballers
Footballers from Munich
Men's association football defenders
20th-century German people |
Harry Revel ( Glaser; 21 December 1905 – 3 November 1958) was a British-born American composer, mostly of musical theatre, working with various lyricists, notably Mack Gordon. He is also seen as a pioneer of "space age pop".
Early life and career
Revel was born Harry Glaser in London, England. He was the son of Russian emigrants of Jewish heritage, Jacob Glaser and his wife, from Schrunden in Latvia, who had settled in England. Harry was the second born of four children. His older brother William Revel was a dancer, his younger sister Rene was a singer, and his youngest brother Sam was a concierge in London who later became a travel agent in the United States. They took the last name "Revel" to honor the French soldier of that name who helped them to flee Europe.
Harry Revel learned piano as a child, and studied at the Guildhall School of Music in London. He left around 1922 to go to Paris, where he joined a so-called Hawaiian Band, and toured Europe. He also had his first song, "Oriental Eyes", published in Italy. He then joined a dance band, the New York Jazz Band, and while touring with the group in Berlin was commissioned to write the music for an operetta, Was Frauen Traumen. Its success led to further commissions in Paris, Vienna and London.
Musical theatre and films
After returning to England, he decided in 1928 to move to New York City and become a professional songwriter. There, he teamed up with lyricist Mack Gordon to work on Broadway, writing songs for Ziegfeld Follies of 1931, Fast and Furious, Everybody's Welcome and Smiling Faces. Among their songs was the popular "Underneath the Harlem Moon" (1932), which was recorded by several jazz performers.
He and Gordon moved to Hollywood in 1932 and signed as a team for Paramount Pictures. There, Revel wrote scores for the films Sitting Pretty, Broadway Through a Keyhole, We're Not Dressing, She Loves Me Not, Shoot the Works, College Rhythm, Love in Bloom, Paris in the Spring, Stolen Harmony, Two for Tonight, and Collegiate. In 1936, they moved to Twentieth Century Fox, and continued to have success with films including Stowaway, Poor Little Rich Girl, Ali Baba Goes to Town, Wake Up and Live, You Can't Have Everything, Head Over Heels, and Love Finds Andy Hardy. In 1934, he appeared in Hollywood Rhythm, a short film purporting to show the songwriting team of Gordon and Revel brainstorming the score for College Rhythm.
Revel's partnership with Mack Gordon ended in 1939. Revel remained a British citizen; on two occasions, he and his brother Billy Revel were found guilty of entering the United States with false passports, and were fined. During World War II, Revel organized variety shows for the USO, and continued to write music for films. He was nominated for an Academy Award in 1942 for "There's a Breeze on Lake Louise", from The Mayor of 44th Street, written with Mort Greene; and again for "Remember Me to Carolina", from Minstrel Man, written with Paul Francis Webster. The latter score was nominated for an Academy Award, a first for low-budget studio Producers Releasing Corporation. He also wrote the score for the 1945 Broadway musical Are You With It?, with lyrics by Arnold Horwitt.
Space age pop
In the late 1940s, Revel became interested in using the theremin to create electronic mood music, which he termed "therapeutical music". He worked with arranger and conductor Les Baxter and theremin player Samuel Hoffman to create the 1947 album Music Out of the Moon, released by Capitol Records, and Perfume Set to Music on RCA Victor the following year. In 1950, he wrote the music for Music for Peace of Mind, again with Hoffman but this time with Billy May's orchestra; and in 1955 released Harry Revel's Music from Out of Space, with the Stuart Phillips orchestra and chorus, rather than theremin. Revel has subsequently been seen as a pioneer of "space age pop".
Later activities and death
Revel set up his own publishing company, Realm Music Inc., in the 1950s, and continued to compose until his death.
He died from a cerebral hemorrhage in New York City in 1958, aged 52. He was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970.
Musical productions
Blues in the Night [Musical, Revue] Featuring songs by Harry Revel June 2, 1982 – July 18, 1982
Music Out of the Moon Themes by Harry Revel 1947
Are You With It? [Musical] Music by Harry Revel November 10, 1945 – June 29, 1946
Smiling Faces [Original, Musical, Comedy] Music by Harry Revel August 30, 1932 – September 24, 1932
Marching By [Musical] Music by Harry Revel March 3, 1932 – [unknown]
Fast and Furious [Musical, Revue] Music mostly by Harry Revel September 15, 1931 – [unknown]
Ziegfeld Follies of 1931 [Musical, Revue] Music by Harry Revel July 1, 1931 – November 21, 1931
References
External links
Harry Revel at ''Internet Broadway Database
Harry Revel recordings at the Discography of American Historical Recordings.
Jewish composers
1905 births
1958 deaths
English composers
English Jews
20th-century British composers
British emigrants to the United States
Harry Revel |
Marshall Embleton Herbert (3 August 1877 – 26 May 1953) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Notes
External links
Marshall Herbert's profile at Collingwood Forever
1877 births
1953 deaths
Australian rules footballers from Melbourne
Collingwood Football Club players
People from Brighton, Victoria |
Kirby Muxloe Castle, also known historically as Kirby Castle, is a ruined, fortified manor house in Kirby Muxloe, Leicestershire, England. William, Lord Hastings, began work on the castle in 1480, founding it on the site of a pre-existing manor house. William was a favourite of King Edward IV and had prospered considerably during the Wars of the Roses. Work continued quickly until 1483, when William was executed during Richard, Duke of Gloucester's, seizure of the throne. His widow briefly continued the project after his death but efforts then ceased, with the castle remaining largely incomplete. Parts of the castle were inhabited for a period, before falling into ruin during the course of the 17th century. In 1912, the Commissioners of Work took over management of the site, repairing the brickwork and carrying out an archaeological survey. In the 21st century, the castle is controlled by English Heritage and open to visitors.
The castle was rectangular in design, across, and would have comprised four corner towers, three side towers and a large gatehouse, all protected by a water-filled moat; the centre of the castle would have formed a courtyard. Of these buildings, only the gatehouse and the west tower survive today, partially intact. They are constructed with decorative brickwork and stone detailing, in a fashionable late 15th-century style, and have various symbols built into their walls using darker bricks. Twelve gunports for early gunpowder artillery were built into the walls of these two buildings, although historians are uncertain whether these defences were intended to be practical or symbolic. The government body Historic England considers the castle to be a "spectacular example of a late medieval quadrangular castle of the highest status".
History
15th–17th centuries
Kirby Muxloe Castle was built by William, Lord Hastings, the chamberlain of the royal household and a favourite of Edward IV. William had acquired extensive estates across the Midlands during the Wars of the Roses, much of it confiscated from his enemies. William's father, Sir Leonard, had maintained his seat at Kirby Muxloe, but William moved his own seat to the manor of Ashby de la Zouch in 1462. In 1474, Edward granted William the right to crenellate, or fortify, four of his manors and to build deer parks around them. Among these was Kirby Muxloe, which the King authorised to be turned into a castle and surrounded by a large park of .
Work began on Kirby Muxloe Castle in October 1480, under the direction of Roger Bowlott, who was Lord Hasting's steward and became the clerk of works for the project. Most of the existing manor house was protected during the work, and probably continued in use while the new castle was built around it. A workshop able to make up to 100,000 bricks a week was constructed by Antony Yzebrond from Flanders. A brook was redirected to feed the new moat and a garden was established alongside the castle. Work intensified in early 1481, with the stonework being supervised by John Cowper, a master mason. The work progressed at speed and, at peak periods, over 40 men were working on the site. It is uncertain exactly how much of the castle was constructed, although at least one corner tower had been nearly completed by 1483 and the ground floor of the gatehouse laid down.
Edward IV died in 1483, leaving the kingdom to his young son, Edward V, but his uncle, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, had his own ambitions for the throne. Lord Hastings was unwilling to support the deposition of Edward V and, as a consequence, Richard summarily executed him that June, ahead of his own coronation. Kirby Muxloe and Lord Hasting's other estates were then restored to his widow, Katherine. After a short pause, Katherine continued some work on the site until the summer of 1484, focusing on making the corner tower and partially finished gatehouse habitable, before the project was finally halted. By this point around £1,000 had been spent on the works, including the laying of 1.3 million bricks.
At least initially, some parts of the castle were occupied, possibly including the remains of the original manor house. The castle continued to be owned by the Hastings family until around 1630, when it was purchased by Sir Robert Banaster, and then by William Wollaston. Over the course of the rest of the century, Kirby Muxloe Castle was abandoned; it was robbed for its building materials, and became used for agricultural purposes.
18th–21st centuries
The castle was purchased from the Wollaston family in 1788 by Clement Winstanley. In 1790, the remains of the north tower were still standing, albeit in very poor condition. Clement Winstanley reportedly wanted to pull the northern ruins down, intending to reuse the bricks to make a barn, but his son, also called Clement, intervened, and subsequently carried out repairs to the castle. By the 19th century the ruins were covered in ivy; by the early 20th century, trees were growing out of the tops of the walls, which were frequented by grazing goats and cattle. Much of the moat had silted up and the remains of the bridge had been buried by the accumulated debris.
By 1911, the owner Major Richard Winstanley was unable to pay for the upkeep of the castle and, concerned about its deteriorating condition, proposed placing the property into the guardianship of the Commissioners of Works. Following a survey by the architect Sir Frank Baines, which showed the ruins to need immediate repairs, the Commissioners took over the castle the following year. It was restored by Sir Charles Peers, the Inspector of Ancient Monuments, between 1912 and 1913. He stripped away any remains of the farm, cleared the vegetation from the walls and repaired the brickwork, re-cutting the moat and reconstructing a replica of the medieval bridge.
There had been hopes of finding additional remains during Peers' archaeological investigations but, although the foundations of the original manor house were uncovered, few other items were discovered. The complete financial records of the castle's construction, however, were found in the archives of the Hastings family by the historian Thomas Fosbrooke while he was investigating Ashby by de la Zouch castle, who passed them to Peers; they have since provided what the historian John Goodall describes as "a fascinating insight" into medieval building operations.
In the 21st century, Kirby Muxloe Castle is managed by English Heritage as a tourist attraction, receiving 2,461 visitors in 2015. Substantial restoration work was carried out in 2006, including extensive replacement of much of the brickwork. The castle is protected under UK law as a Grade I listed building, and Historic England considers it to be a "spectacular example of a late medieval quadrangular castle of the highest status".
Architecture
Location
Kirby Muxloe Castle is positioned set back from the village of Kirby Muxloe on low-lying land; the castle's gardens and orchard probably stood to the north and west of the current site. John Goodall suggests that the earlier residence on the site was built around two courts, one of which survives within the later castle, with the other on the north-west side of the site. The historian Anthony Emery, however, argues that the earlier manor was similar in size and shape to the current castle: he suggests that it was fortified and was protected by a moat similar to that seen today. The foundations of the first residence discovered between 1912 and 1913 were left uncovered after the excavations and remain visible in the castle lawns.
Design
The 15th-century castle is rectangular in shape, across, similar in design to Farleigh Hungerford Castle in Somerset or Baconsthorpe Castle in Norfolk. Although incomplete, the surviving elements and the foundations show that it was designed with a square tower on each corner, with less substantial side towers on the north-east, south-east and south-west edges, and a large gatehouse on the north-western side. An inner range of buildings, deep, ran around the inside of the curtain wall, set back slightly from the wall itself and forming a central courtyard. The towers projected into the water-filled moat which surrounded the castle.
The moat was supplied with water from a small brook, which also fed a suite of stew ponds for the castle. Two dams were constructed to create the moat, the first to divert water from the main stream, and the second to control the water level in the moat. The current sluices are modern, but the originals were made from wood and leather. The moat, between and wide, was crossed by an oak bridge.
Only the gatehouse and the west tower still survive, partially intact. The gatehouse was originally protected by a drawbridge and a portcullis. The gatehouse was rectangular, built from brick with stone detailing, with four polygonal turrets. Had it been completed, it might have been tall and have resembled the gatehouse at Layer Marney Tower. On the ground floor, two chambers, including the porter's lodge, flanked the gate passage. The first floor housed the portcullis mechanism and a garderobe. If the second floor was ever completed, it has since been lost. The west tower is across externally and internally, made of simple patterned brickwork, with three floors and two, slightly taller, turrets on the inside corners. Each floor had a single chamber, with a fireplace and an adjacent garderobe, which would have formed lodgings for senior members of the household.
The castle was primarily built from bricks, with stone used for the detailing, such as doorways. The brickwork was decorated with patterns of darker bricks, called diapering, which was used to show symbols associated with Lord Hastings, as well as objects such as a jug and a ship. This style of decorative brickwork and stonework was popular across England at this time, but particularly so at Eton College, where John Cowper, the master mason on the project, had been an apprentice. Although the castle was not extensively decorated, the brickwork at Kirby Muxloe was skillfully executed, with the bricklayers cutting and shaping the kiln-fired bricks to produce spiral and domed vaulting.
Gunports for early gunpowder artillery had begun to be installed in English castles during the 15th century. At Kirby Muxloe, six gunports were constructed in the ground floor walls of both the gatehouse and west tower; these were then temporarily filled with bricks, probably to prevent vermin and to limit the draughts. Several more gunports were built lower down in the gatehouse, presumably in error as they were ultimately below the waterline of the moat and permanently blocked up. The range of any guns at the castle would have been quite limited, as they were positioned relatively low to the ground. Historians are uncertain to what extent any guns at Kirby Muxloe would have been useful in a conflict. The gunports are of early design and may have been intended to be symbolic rather than practical; they were well positioned across the castle's defences, however, and might well have been intended to deter a serious attack.
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See also
Castles in Great Britain and Ireland
List of castles in Leicestershire
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
English Heritage visitor information
Castles in Leicestershire
English Heritage sites in Leicestershire
Ruins in Leicestershire
Scheduled monuments in Leicestershire
Grade I listed buildings in Leicestershire |
Karikkode is a village in Idukki district in the Indian state of Kerala. Karikkode is near by Thodupuzha town. Film actor Asif Ali's native place is Karikkode.
Demographics
India census, Karikkode had a population of 11960 with 5979 males and 5981 females.
References
Villages in Idukki district |
Scythris coriella is a moth of the family Scythrididae. It was described by Bengt Å. Bengtsson in 2014. It is found in Kenya.
References
coriella
Moths described in 2014 |
Liga Națională (Romanian for "National League") can refer to the following:
Liga Națională (men's basketball), the top-tier professional basketball league of Romania
Liga Națională (women's basketball), the top-tier women's professional basketball league of Romania
Liga Națională (men's handball), the top-tier men's team handball league in Romania
Liga Națională (women's handball), the top-tier women's team handball league in Romania
Liga Națională de hochei, the Romanian Hockey League |
Eucoenogenes sipanga is a moth of the family Tortricidae that is endemic to Vietnam.
The wingspan is . The ground colour of the forewings is brownish cream. The suffusions are indistinct and brownish. The basal half of the costal area and the subcostal, posterior area are distinctly suffused brown. The hindwings are brownish cream.
References
Moths described in 2009
Endemic fauna of Vietnam
Moths of Asia
sipanga
Taxa named by Józef Razowski |
Ruth Beatrice Henig, Baroness Henig CBE, DL (born Ruth Beatrice Munzer on 10 November 1943) is a British academic historian and Labour Party politician.
Family
Her parents were Kurt and Elfrieda Munzer, Jewish refugees who came to the United Kingdom from the Netherlands in 1940. Henig was married in 1966 to fellow academic Stanley Henig, who shortly afterward became a Labour Member of Parliament (MP). They have two children and divorced in 1993. Their son, Simon Henig, is the former leader of the Durham County Council, former chair of the North East Combined Authority, and a lecturer in politics at Sunderland University. She remarried in 1994 to Jack Johnstone.
Academic career
Henig was educated at Wyggeston Girls Grammar School in Leicester, and at Bedford College, London, where she graduated in 1965 with a B.A. in history. She was awarded a PhD in history from Lancaster University in 1978, where she was a lecturer in Modern European History. She has written several books and pamphlets on 20th-century international history.
She served as Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Humanities from 1997 to 2000, and in April 2006, she was one of six people to receive the first Honorary Fellowships of Lancaster University.
Political career
Henig was a Labour member of Lancashire County Council from 1981 to 2005, serving as the Council's chair from 1999 to 2000. She was also Chair of Lancashire Police Authority from 1995 to 2005 and chair of the Association of Police Authorities from 1997 to 2005, when she became the Association's president. She was also a member of the National Criminal Justice Board from 2003 to 2005.
At the 1992 general election, she stood as Labour candidate for her husband's former parliamentary seat of Lancaster. She failed to unseat the sitting Conservative MP Elaine Kellett-Bowman, but reduced the Conservative majority to just under 3,000, down from 6,500 in 1987.
Henig was awarded a CBE in 2000 for services to policing, and in 2002 was appointed as a Deputy Lieutenant for Lancashire.
She was made a life peer on 8 June 2004 as Baroness Henig, of Lancaster in the County of Lancashire. She became a Deputy Speaker in the House of Lords in 2015.
In June 2013 Baroness Henig was awarded with The Association of Security Consultant's Award, part of the Imbert Prize named after the former Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police and the Lord Lieutenant of Greater London. In an industry first, the prize, awarded to the most person making the most notable contribution to the security industry in the preceding year was shared with Don Randall MBE, the head of security to the Bank of England. It was judged that Baroness Henig's contributions to the industry as Chair of the Security Industry Authority in overseeing the regulatory overhaul and building of a new and modern, fit-for-purpose regulatory regime made he an outstanding candidate.
On 20 December 2006 the Home Secretary Dr John Reid MP appointed Lady Henig as Chairman of the Security Industry Authority (aka the “SIA”), a non-departmental public body tasked with the regulation of the private security industry. Having stepped down as Chair from the SIA after six years in March 2013, the Baroness continues to work towards building a unified voice for the industry having just been appointed as president of the Security Institute in April 2016. She is now non-executive chairman with UK firm SecuriGroup and, as of March 2019, the chairman of the Register of Chartered Security Professionals.
Interests
Lady Henig's main leisure activity is playing Bridge, having played for Lancashire since the early 1990s, and is currently the captain of the House of Lords team. Henig is also a keen football fan, supporting Leicester City FC for over 60 years.
References
1943 births
Living people
Labour Party (UK) life peers
Life peeresses created by Elizabeth II
British historians
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Alumni of Lancaster University
Academics of Lancaster University
Deputy Lieutenants of Lancashire
Members of Lancashire County Council
Alumni of Bedford College, London
Jewish British politicians
British women historians
Women councillors in England |
Hallie Elizabeth Champlin Hyde Fenton (October 1, 1872 – December 19, 1935) was an American tennis player and painter.
Early life
Hallie Elizabeth Champlin was born October 1, 1872, in St. Louis, Missouri, the daughter of Henry Clay Champlin, a grain dealer, and Susan Isabella Hyde Champlin.
Tennis career
Champlin won the US Women's National Championship in women's doubles with Edith Parker, defeating opponents Marie Wimer and Myrtle McAteer in three straight sets.
In 1902 she won the doubles title at the Cincinnati tournament with Maud Banks against Winona Closterman and Carrie Neely, winning in straight sets.
Painting career
Fenton studied at the Art Institute of Chicago, the Corcoran School of Art, Washington, D.C., and under Jacques Blanche in Paris. She exhibited work from 1898 to the 1930s and won prizes at the 1907 Illinois State Fair.
Personal life
In 1904, she married Edward Breckenridge Hyde. He died in 1906. In 1912, she married architect Warden H. Fenton.
Grand Slam finals
Doubles (1 title)
References
1872 births
1935 deaths
19th-century American women artists
19th-century female tennis players
American female tennis players
United States National champions (tennis)
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in women's doubles
Tennis people from Missouri
American women painters |
John mac Richard Mór Burke, 10th Clanricarde or Mac William Uachtar (; ; died 1536), was an Irish chieftain and noble.
Background
Burke was a son of Ricard mac Edmund Burke of Roscam, County Galway (died c.1517), a grandson of Edmund Burke (d.1466), and great-grandson of Ulick Ruadh Burke, 5th Clanricarde (d.1485).
John mac Ricard succeeded his father's cousin, Richard Mór Burke, 9th Clanricarde (d.1530) as chieftain in 1530. Six years later, John was succeeded by the latter's younger brother, Richard Bacach Burke, 11th Clanricarde (d.1538).
Family tree
Ulick Ruadh Burke, d. 1485
|
|
| | | | |
| | | | |
Edmund, d. 1486. Ulick Fionn Meiler, Abbot of Tuam John, d. 1508. Ricard Og, d. 1519.
| | |
| |___ |_
Ricard, d. c. 1517. | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| Ulick Óge, d. 1519. Richard Mór Redmond Richard Bacach Ulick, d. 1551. Thomas
John, fl. 1536. | | | |
| | | |
Ulick na gCeann Roland, Bp. Clonfert. Thomas Balbh John of Derrymaclaghtna
| died 1580 |
___|_ |
| | | | | Ricard, d. 1593.
| | | | | |
Richard Sassanach John Thomas Feranta Edmond Redmond na Scuab (Burke of Derrymaclaghtna)
| d. 1582. d. 1546. d. 1596.
|
Earls of Clanricarde
Richard an Fhorbhair de Burgh (d.1343)
Sir William (Ulick) de Burgh (d. 1343/53), 1st Mac William Uachtar (Upper Mac William) or Clanricarde (Galway)
Richard Óg Burke (d. 1387), 2nd Clanricarde
Ulick an Fhiona Burke (d. 1424), 3rd Clanricarde
Ulick Ruadh Burke (d. 1485), 5th Clanricarde
Edmund Burke (d. 1466)
Ricard of Roscam (d. 1517)
John mac Richard Mór Burke (d. 1536), 10th Clanricarde
Ulick Fionn Burke (d.1509), 6th Clanricarde
Ulick Óge Burke (d. 1520), 8th Clanricarde
Richard Mór Burke (d. 1530), 9th Clanricarde
Ulick na gCeann Burke (d. 1544), 12th Clanricarde, 1st Earl of Clanricarde (1543)
Richard Bacach Burke (d. 1538), 11th Clanricarde
Richard Óge Burke (d. 1519), 7th Clanricarde
Sir Uilleag Burke (d. 1551), 13th Clanricarde
William mac Ulick Burke (d. 1430), 4th Clanricarde
Edmund de Burgh (d. 1410)
Annalistic reference
M1536.18. The sons of Mac William of Clanrickard, John Duv and Redmond Roe, the two sons of Rickard, son of Ulick, were slain by the sons of the other Mac William, namely, the sons of Rickard Oge, they being overtaken in a pursuit, after they had gathered the preys of the country.
References
Further reading
Burke, Eamon "Burke People and Places", Dublin, 1995.
A New History of Ireland, IX, p. 172, Oxford, 1984.
16th-century Irish people
1536 deaths
Year of birth unknown
Nobility from County Galway
John Mac Richard Mor |
2531 Cambridge, provisional designation , is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 June 1980, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station in Arizona, United States. The asteroid was named for the Cambridge University.
Classification and orbit
Cambridge is a member of the Eos family (), the largest asteroid family in the outer main belt consisting of nearly 10,000 known asteroids. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.8–3.2 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,906 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.06 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic.
It was first identified as Simeiz Observatory in 1916. The body's observation arc begins with a precovery taken at Lowell Observatory in 1931, or 49 years prior to its official discovery observation at Anderson Mesa.
Physical characteristics
Cambridge is an assumed stony S-type asteroid, in line with the overall spectral type for members of the Eos family.
Rotation period
In February 2004, a rotational lightcurve of Cambridge was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer René Roy. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 8.80 hours with a brightness variation of 0.21 magnitude (). In October 2010, observations at the Palomar Transient Factory, California, gave a longer period of 12.200 hours with an amplitude of 0.20 magnitude ().
Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Cambridge measures between 19.15 and 23.44 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.147 and 0.2104.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.2102 and a diameter of 19.15 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 10.9, identical with the results obtained by IRAS.
Naming
This minor planet was named after the University of Cambridge in England and the universities in the city of Cambridge, Massachusetts (United States), where the Minor Planet Center (MPC) is located at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. The approved naming citation was published by the MPC on 8 April 1982 ().
References
External links
Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
002531
Discoveries by Edward L. G. Bowell
Named minor planets
19800611 |
Chan Kai-ming (, ; 1859 – 11 December 1919) was a Hong Kong businessman and member of the Sanitary Board and the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.
Biography
Chan Kai Ming was born in Hong Kong in 1859 and was part of the first generation of Eurasians who went on to become important leaders of the Chinese community. His father was George Tyson, an American businessman from Massachusetts.
Educated at the Diocesan Boys' School and the Government Central School (now Queen's College), he became a Morrison scholar and worked as a pupil teacher after graduation. He was later appointed third clerk in the Magistracy and received a small pension from the Hong Kong government.
Chan Kai Ming's career began to prosper when he joined the opium farms that existed then in Hong Kong, later becoming managing director of the Tai Yau Opium Farm. By the time the government took over the monopoly, Chan had become a millionaire. At the time of his death, he was managing director of Gande, Price & Co., partner of Tai Yau Bank, director of the East Asia Bank, Chung Kwong Co. and Hong Kong Mercantile Co. and was one of the richest men in Hong Kong.
He was appointed member of the District Watchmen's Committee and was a member of the Permanent Chinese Cemetery Committee in Aberdeen, as well as the Chinese Public Dispensaries Committee.
He also served as Vice-Chairman of the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce, Chairman of the Tung Wah Hospital, director of the Po Leung Kuk charity and member of the Court of the University of Hong Kong, with several university scholarships bearing his name.
Appointed a Justice of the Peace, he was subsequently appointed Sanitary Board member in April 1912 for three terms, becoming the senior unofficial member until his death in 1919.
In 1918, he served as acting member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong in place of Lau Chu-pak, who was on leave.
After the First World War, he was a member of the general committee overseeing Peace Celebrations in the colony.
Towards the end of his life, Chan Kai Ming suffered from a heart condition. While on holiday in Peking at the suggestion of his doctor, he caught a cold and died at his residence at 16 Caine Road on 11 December 1919, leaving five daughters and two sons.
References
1859 births
1919 deaths
Hong Kong businesspeople
Members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong
Members of the Sanitary Board of Hong Kong
Alumni of Queen's College, Hong Kong
People from British Hong Kong |
Walter Smith Pierce (February 10, 1920 – February 27, 2013) was an American modernist architect, best known for designing post-World War II suburban homes.
Early life and career
Pierce was born in Brooklyn, New York and graduated from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1941. He served in the United States Army Corps of Engineers during World War II doing reconstruction work in Europe. After the war, Pierce studied architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Following graduation, he formed a partnership with a former classmate, Danforth Compton. In 1951, Pierce and Compton purchased 45 acres of land in Lexington, Massachusetts which had once served as a dairy farm and peacock sanctuary. They began creating a subdivision of affordable but aesthetically pleasing split-level homes that were intended to improve people's lives by "improving their relationship to the land". The houses were designed to accommodate the wooded and hilly terrain on which they were constructed. The subdivision, which was built between 1952 and 1958, was named Peacock Farm.
Pierce's designs feature open floor plans, asymmetrical roofs, walls of glass, and raised basements. Seven homes had been built at the time of Danforth Compton's death in 1955. When construction was finished in 1958, the Peacock Farm subdivision consisted of 52 split-level homes selling for $20,000. Pierce formed a new firm in 1964, producing designs for custom homes, public schools and the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, Massachusetts. He has said that he was influenced by modern Californian design as well as Japanese and Scandinavian architectural styles.
His split-level design took first place in the 1957 standard-plan competition held by the American Institute of Architects and Better Homes and Gardens. In November 2012, Peacock Farm was added to the National Register of Historic Places as an early example of Modernist architecture. Pierce was a fellow of the American Institute of Architects.
Personal life
Pierce was married to Marianne Fisker until her death in 2006. They had two sons, Stefan and Christian. Pierce lived in the Peacock Farm house he designed for 55 years.
References
1920 births
2013 deaths
20th-century American architects
Virginia Tech alumni
MIT School of Architecture and Planning alumni |
Gili Raanan (born 1969) is an Israeli venture capitalist and one of the inventors of CAPTCHA (US patent application with 1997 priority date ), the WAF (web application firewall) and many other inventions in the fields of application security and discovery. Raanan started Sanctum in 1997, and invented the first Web application firewall AppShield and the first Web application penetration testing software AppScan. He later started NLayers which was acquired by EMC Corporation pioneering the science of Application discovery and understanding. He is an investor and a General Partner at Sequoia Capital, the Founder of Cyberstarts, and was a board member at Adallom, Armis Security, Onavo, Moovit, Innovid (NYSE:CTV) and Snaptu.
Biography
Gili Raanan was born in Kfar Saba, Israel. He earned a Bachelor of Computer Science In 2002 from the Tel Aviv University, he received a Master of Business Administration degree from the Recanati School of the Tel Aviv University.
Business career
Raanan started Sanctum in 1997, and invented the first Web application firewall AppShield and the first Web application penetration testing software AppScan.
As part of the research on Application Security Raanan co-invented CAPTCHA, as described in the patent application "The invention is based on applying human advantage in applying sensory and cognitive skills to solving simple problems that prove to be extremely hard for computer software. Such skills include, but are not limited to, processing of sensory information such as identification of objects and letters within a noisy graphical environment".
Raanan later started NLayers in 2003 which was acquired by EMC Corporation pioneering the science of Application discovery and understanding.
Venture capitalist
In 2009 Raanan joined Sequoia Capital in Israel as a General Partner. Raanan was a board member at Adallom, Onavo and Snaptu. In 2018 Raanan founded Cyberstarts, which is an early stage VC focused on Cybersecurity. Raanan is a seed investor in a number of fast-growing Cybersecurity companies such as Fireblocks, Wiz, Noname, Island.io, Armis and Adallom. In 2023 Raanan was ranked #19 at the Forbes Seed Midas list.
Philanthropy
In 2010 Raanan was one of the early contributors to SpaceIL's Beresheet, Israel’s privately funded, engineered and launched mission to the Moon’s surface.
References
Living people
1969 births
Israeli inventors
Israel Defense Prize recipients |
Songeson is a commune in the Jura department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.
Population
See also
Communes of the Jura department
References
Communes of Jura (department) |
Theophilus Glascott Vawdrey (1850 – 23 October 1940) L.R.C.P., M.R.C.S. was an English physician, surgeon and anti-vivisection activist.
Vawdrey was born at St Austell, Cornwall. He was educated at Epsom College (1862–1869) and received his medical education at University College Hospital. In 1872, he was awarded a certificate in dental surgery from the university.
Vawdrey qualified M.R.C.S in 1873 and L.R.C.P. in 1874. He practiced medicine in Lewisham and was a surgeon for the Royal Kent Dispensary, Greenwich.
Vawdrey built an extensive private practice in Plymouth. He was the first honorary surgeon of the Plymouth and District Ambulance Service. He was elected an honorary life membership of the St. John Ambulance Association. In the 1890s, Vawdrey was Stipendiary Medical Officer for the Devon and Cornwall Homeopathic Dispensary. Vawdrey was a conservative and served as chairman of Plymouth Conservative Club. He was a staunch opponent of vivisection. He was also an anti-vaccinationist and a vice-president of the National Anti-Vaccination League.
The front of the pulpit made from granite at St Paul's Church, Charlestown was gifted by Vawdrey.
Vawdrey died at East Horsley, Surrey.
Selected publications
A Surgeon's Protest Against Vivisection (1881)
Dr. E. Berdoe, and Dr. T. G. Vawdrey, on Vivisection (1882)
References
1850 births
1940 deaths
19th-century English medical doctors
20th-century English medical doctors
Anti-vivisectionists
British anti-vaccination activists
British homeopaths
English animal rights activists
English surgeons
People educated at Epsom College
People from St Austell |
Edward D. "Ed" Fast (born June 18, 1955) is a Canadian politician who has served as the member of Parliament (MP) for Abbotsford since 2006. A member of the Conservative Party of Canada, he was Minister for International Trade and Minister for the Asia–Pacific Gateway from 2011 to 2015 under Prime Minister Stephen Harper.
Early life and career
Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Ed Fast moved to and grew up in Vancouver, British Columbia. After graduating from law school at the University of British Columbia in 1982, Fast co-founded the law firm currently known as Linley Welwood. He was elected in 1985 and served two terms as an Abbotsford School Board Trustee. He was elected to Abbotsford City Council in 1996 and served for three 3-year terms. During that time, he served as Deputy Mayor and as Chair of the Parks, Recreation & Culture Commission.
Federal politics
In government
Fast won the 2006 federal election with 63.27% of the vote as the Member of Parliament for the riding of Abbotsford on January 23, 2006. During his first term, Fast was appointed to the Standing Committee of Canadian Heritage and the Standing Committee for Transport, Infrastructure and Communities. Fast was also the Chair of the B.C. Conservative caucus.
In 2006, Fast introduced Private Member's Bill C-277 which doubles from 5 to 10 years in prison the maximum sentence for luring a child over the internet for sexual purposes. The Bill received royal assent on June 22, 2007. Only 2% of private member's bills are ever passed into law.
In the 2008 federal election, Fast received 30,853 votes, 63.3% of the total in Abbotsford. He served as the Chair of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights and as a member of the Copyright Modernization Committee. In May 2009, Fast introduced a motion in the House of Commons to rename the Huntingdon border crossing to "Abbotsford-Huntingdon Port of Entry". The official renaming took place on May 28, 2010, preserving the historical significance of the "Huntingdon" name while at the same time more accurately reflecting the location of the border crossing within the Fraser Valley.
From 2009–2011, Fast was the Chair of the Standing Committee on Justice & Human Rights.
Minister of International Trade
Fast was re-elected in the 2011 federal election with 32,493 votes, representing 65% of the popular vote. On May 18, 2011, Prime Minister Stephen Harper appointed Ed Fast to Cabinet to serve as Canada's Minister of International Trade.
Fast oversaw the negotiations for the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) with the European Union, which some saw as a giveaway to big pharma. As part of the newly-elected Liberal government in 2015, Fast's immediate successor Chrystia Freeland one year later finalized the negotiations which had been ongoing since 2009.
Fast was also responsible for the Canada-China Promotion and Reciprocal Protection of Investments Agreement, which was signed in 2012 and came into force on 1 October 2014. This agreement ties Canada "to the terms... for a minimum of 31 years."
On 3 December 2014 Fast announced that the Canada–Korea Free Trade Agreement (CKFTA), Canada's first free trade agreement in the Asia–Pacific region, had received royal assent.
In November 2013, Fast announced the Government of Canada's Global Markets Action Plan, a plan focusing on "Canada's core strengths in priority markets through bold trade policy and vigorous trade promotion". He also released Canada's first International Education Strategy, a part of the Global Markets Action Plan, in order to attract international talent. The CBIE termed it an "ambitious strategy, with a goal to double the number of international students choosing to study here (in Canada) by 2022."
On 9 April 2014, rising on a point of order, New Democratic Party MP Dan Harris accused Fast of making a gun gesture and saying "boom" in the direction of another New Democrat, Niki Ashton, during Question Period. Fast denied the claim and asserted that he was pointing in the direction of Andrew Scheer, the Speaker of the House of Commons. Video from the House of Commons shows Fast making a pointing gesture. After the video circulated, Minister Fast acknowledged that he had made a pointing gesture with his hand, but said that his hand gesture was misinterpreted.
Social Issues
Abortion
Ed Fast is anti-abortion. Fast is a volunteer and member of Campaign Life Coalition (CLC). Fast voted in support of Bill C-233 - An Act to amend the Criminal Code (sex-selective abortion), which would restrict abortion access, making it a criminal offence for a medical practitioner to perform an abortion sought solely on the grounds of the child's genetic sex. Abortion Rights Coalition of Canada describes him as an anti-abortion Member of Parliament.
Conversion therapy
On June 22, 2021, Fast was one of 63 MPs to vote against Bill C-6, An Act to amend the Criminal Code (conversion therapy), which was passed by majority vote, making certain aspects of conversion therapy a crime, including "causing a child to undergo conversion therapy."
In opposition
42nd Canadian Parliament
Following the Harper government's defeat in 2015, Fast served in the shadow cabinets of Rona Ambrose and Andrew Scheer as the critic to the Minister of Environment and Climate Change.
43rd Canadian Parliament
After being re-elected in 2019, Fast declined reappointment to Scheer's shadow cabinet. Scheer was later removed from leadership and replaced by Erin O'Toole, who on 11 February 2021 appointed Fast as his Finance critic. He replaced Pierre Poilievre who became critic for Jobs and Industry.
44th Canadian Parliament
Fast was for a brief time a member of the Industry and Technology committee, before he was appointed on 28 February 2022 by new interim CPC leader Candice Bergen to the Finance committee. He resigned as Shadow Finance Minister after criticizing Conservative leadership candidate Pierre Poilievre's plan to fire Bank of Canada director Tiff Macklem, if elected.
Personal life
Ed and his wife Annette have lived in Abbotsford for over 40 years and have four adult daughters and twelve grandchildren. In December 2016, Fast suffered a stroke, but recovered.
Electoral record
References
External links
Ed Fast official site
Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada official site
|-
1955 births
Canadian Mennonites
Conservative Party of Canada MPs
Living people
Members of the 28th Canadian Ministry
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from British Columbia
Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada
People from Abbotsford, British Columbia
Politicians from Winnipeg
University of British Columbia alumni
British Columbia municipal councillors
British Columbia school board members
Lawyers in British Columbia
Peter A. Allard School of Law alumni |
The 84th Grey Cup, also known as The Snow Bowl, was the 1996 Grey Cup Canadian Football League championship game played between the Toronto Argonauts and the Edmonton Eskimos at Ivor Wynne Stadium in Hamilton, Ontario. The Argonauts won the game by a score of 43–37 in controversial fashion. Financial problems nearly prevented the game from happening before Tim Hortons stepped in and provided the money needed to pay both teams' wages for the game.
Game summary
Toronto Argonauts (43) - TDs, Jimmy Cunningham, Robert Drummond, Doug Flutie, Adrion Smith; FGs, Mike Vanderjagt (5); cons., Vanderjagt (4).
Edmonton Eskimos (37) - TDs, Eddie Brown, Jim Sandusky, Henry "Gizmo" Williams, Eric Blount, Marc Tolbert; cons., Sean Fleming (5); safety touch
First Quarter
EDM—Safety Flutie concedes 3:37
EDM—TD Brown 64-yard pass from McManus (Fleming convert) 11:48
Second Quarter
TOR—FG Vanderjagt 37-yard field goal 1:35
TOR—TD Cunningham 80-yard punt return (Vanderjagt convert) 2:59
TOR—FG Vanderjagt 32-yard field goal 7:09
EDM—TD Sandusky 75-yard pass from McManus (Fleming convert) 7:34
TOR—TD Drummond 1-yard run (Vanderjagt convert) 12:16
EDM—TD Williams 91-yard kickoff return (Fleming convert) 12:31
TOR—TD Flutie 10-yard run (Vanderjagt convert) 14:20
Third Quarter
TOR—FG Vanderjagt 17-yard field goal 4:22
Fourth Quarter
TOR—FG Vanderjagt 28-yard field goal 3:06
EDM—TD Blount 5-yard run (Fleming convert) 7:53
TOR—FG Vanderjagt 27-yard field goal 13:26
TOR—TD Smith 49-yard interception return (Vanderjagt convert) 13:38
EDM—TD Tolbert 7-yard pass from McManus (Fleming convert) 14:51
The temperature at game time was -10 °C, with 20 km/h winds and heavy snow. Tractors had to remove snow from the field prior to the game, as well as at halftime.
Edmonton had all the points in the first quarter on a safety touch conceded by Toronto quarterback Doug Flutie and a 64-yard touchdown pass from Danny McManus to Eddie Brown, a shoestring catch that slipped through his hands then bounced off his right thigh and left shin before he caught it on the fly. It is considered to be of the most memorable plays in Grey Cup history.
In the second quarter, Toronto's Mike Vanderjagt kicked a field goal and Jimmy Cunningham returned a punt 80 yards for a touchdown. Another Vanderjagt field goal put Toronto up 13–9. Edmonton regained the lead with a 75-yard pass and run from McManus to Jim Sandusky but lost it again when Robert Drummond scored for Toronto from the one. Edmonton's Henry "Gizmo" Williams reversed that in one play as he returned the kickoff 91 yards for the touchdown, a Grey Cup record that stood until the Eskimos' Tony Tompkins topped it with a 95-yard kickoff return in the 93rd Grey Cup. Flutie marched the Argos to the Edmonton 10 then ran in himself for the touchdown with 20 seconds left in the half to give Toronto the lead 27–23 at halftime, closing a quarter that saw the teams combine for 41 points.
Two Vanderjagt field goals were all the scoring in the first 23 minutes of the second half as Toronto receiver Cunningham dropped certain touchdown passes in the third and fourth quarters.
Edmonton cut the Toronto lead to 33–30 on Eric Blount's five-yard touchdown run with seven minutes remaining. But Flutie marched Toronto 71 yards, including a controversial third-down gamble in which Flutie fumbled the snap but was ruled not only to have retained possession but to have gained a first down. Their drive thus extended, the Argonauts increased their lead to 36–30 on Vanderjagt's 27-yard field goal at 13:26.
Toronto's Adrion Smith iced the win, returning a Danny McManus interception 49 yards for a touchdown with 1:22 remaining.
McManus hit Marc Tolbert with a seven-yard touchdown pass at 14:51 to round out the scoring at 43–37. A short kickoff attempt was recovered by Toronto to end any Edmonton comeback threat.
1996 CFL Playoffs
West Division
Semi-final (November 10 @ Edmonton, Alberta) Edmonton Eskimos 68-7 Winnipeg Blue Bombers
Final (November 17 @ Calgary, Alberta) Edmonton Eskimos 15-12 Calgary Stampeders
East Division
Semi-final (November 9 @ Montreal, Quebec) Montreal Alouettes 22-11 Hamilton Tiger-Cats
Final (November 16 @ Toronto, Ontario) Toronto Argonauts 43-7 Montreal Alouettes
In popular culture
The game serves as a key plot point to a 2013 episode of the American TV series How I Met Your Mother. In the episode, teen idol Robin Sparkles derails her music career during the game's halftime show by unveiling her new grunge persona, Robin Daggers, which triggers her move to the United States, entry into journalism and joining the program's core cast. In reality, the halftime act for the contest was The Nylons.
References
Grey Cup
Grey Cup
Grey Cup, 84th
1996 in Ontario
Toronto Argonauts
Edmonton Elks
20th century in Hamilton, Ontario
1996 in Canadian television
November 1996 sports events in Canada
Nicknamed sporting events |
Helmer Swenholt (28 June 1886 – 8 May 1952) was born in Wittenberg, Shawano County, Wisconsin (near Shawano, Wisconsin). Having pursued a degree in engineering, he put his education to work in the Army Corps of Engineers. He was an officer and Veteran of World War I, and after the war continued his service in the Army Corps of Engineers. In World War II, Swenholt organized one of the first of the Engineer Regiments, a new type of combat engineer organization. At the war's conclusion Swenholt returned to the United States and retired from the Army.
Family
His father was Jonas Swenholt, who served in the Wisconsin State Assembly.
Education
He graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1908 in engineering. Swenholt had played basketball at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he was named to the All Big Ten team. Swenholt, a forward on the basketball team, was elected captain for the 1907–1908 season of the Badger squad. He had tied with a teammate for the honor and the election was decided by a coin toss. He joined the National Guard.
World War I
He became a captain in an engineer company in World War I and was wounded in France in 1918. Captain Swenholt worked on the railroad from Murmansk with the Bolsheviks. In 1918 he decided to stay in the Regular Army. He briefly visited his hometown and then left for Morgantown, West Virginia for service at the state university. He was assigned to serve as an ROTC engineer instructor at West Virginia University. He would occasionally return to his home in Madison, Wisconsin to visit his parents and sister...
Between wars / Corps of Engineers
He was assigned in 1922 to Camp Humphreys, Gary, Indiana, with the engineers in the regular army. He was a Federal instructor with the National Guard unit of Indiana. In one incident his car caught fire but no one was injured. In 1928 he moved to New Orleans where he was assigned to the River and Harbor Engineer District Office. In 1930 he went to Panama where he worked with the Eleventh Engineers for two years. He was assigned in 1932 to Fort Dupont, Delaware, to organize the Civilian Conservation Corps units to provide housing, food, and medical care in the U.S. National Forest Service in the National Forests in Idaho. There was a brief period in 1932 where the War Department considered retiring Colonel Swenholt (with many other officers) during a time when there was a military downsizing. This did not happen and Swenholt remained in the Army. In 1935 he was ordered back to Dupont, Delaware, and to Oakland, California, where he was assigned to the Topographic Engineers at Fort Stevens, Oregon, to map various areas in three states along the Pacific Coast. In 1937 he mapped Centralia, Washington and Fort Barry, California, for the same company (Company A, 29th U.S. Engineers. This was one of the first times the airplane was used to make ground maps by making photographs and the Army was working in conjunction with the Coast Survey and Geodetic Survey departments to map this part of the country. In September 1938 Swenholt was assigned to command the District Engineer Office, Omaha, Nebraska. One of their assignments was to stabilize the banks of the Mississippi by sinking pilings along the northern edge of Omaha in an effort to change the channel. In early 1941 when the Army foresaw the need to begin armament, Major Swenholt's command was assigned the task of relocating roads, railroads and sewer lines in preparation for building the plant which would make the Martin B-26 Bomber. Bids for building the plant (estimated to be $10M) were solicited February 9, 1941. The plant was known as the Fort Crook Bomber Plant. Groundbreaking was Monday March 3, 1941 with Major Swenholt turning the first shovelful of dirt. Glenn Martin attended the event. Swenholt was to supervise the construction of the plant.
World War II
In May 1942 the colonel was assigned to command and train the 332nd Engineer Special Service Regiment (later reclassified as the 332nd Engineer General Service Regiment) at Camp Claibourne, Louisiana, for heavy construction overseas. His charge to the unit was "To Build - To Conquer." This became the motto of the unit. Colonel Helmer Swenholt commanded the 332nd Engineer General Service Regiment until 28 November 1945 when he retired from the Army. Colonel Swenholt died 8 May 1952 in Tucson, Pima County, Arizona.
Chronology of life events
June 28, 1886 Born in Wittenberg, Shawano Co, WI
September 4, 1917 Appointed captain, Engineer Service, ORC (Officer Reserve Corp)
December 28, 1917 Entered on active duty for assignment at Camp Campbell, Virginia; assigned as a Student Engineer, ROTC, at Camp Lee, VA with duties as camp instructor.
April, 1918 Attached to 44th Engineers and served as company commander at Fort Benjamin Harrison, Virginia, and Camp Merritt, New Jersey
April 19, 1918 Married Chicago, Cook County, Illinois to Virginia Williams.
August, 1918 Left United States for foreign service in France, England, and Russia.
August, 1919 Stationed in Washington, D.C., in the Office of the Chief of Engineers.
October, 1919 Served as assistant professor of military science and tactics at West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia.
April, 1920 Instructor in bridges and hydrographic surveying and as camp officer at Camp A.A. Humphreys (Fort Belvoir), VA
September, 1920 Assigned Assistant Professor, Military Science and Tactics and officer in charge of the Engineers Unit, ROTC, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia.
July, 1921 Assumed command of the Engineers Unit at West Virginia University.
June, 1923 Company officer at ROTC Camp, Camp Meade, Maryland.
September, 1923 Attended Engineers School at Fort Humphrey, Virginia.
June, 1924 Assigned duty in charge of supply in company, instructor in engineering, and mess officer at Camp Knox, Kentucky.
July, 1924 Instructor, 113th Engineers, with Indiana National Guard at Gary, IN
July, 1928 Military assistant in charge of survey and investigation, Bonnet Carré Spillway and also assistant to officer in charge of design at the New Orleans River District, New Orleans, LA.
September, 1930 Served as company commander of Company E, 11th Engineers, at Corozal, in Panama Canal Department, Canal Zone.
September, 1932 Company commander of 1st Engineers at Fort Dupont, Delaware and Camp Dix, New Jersey.
July, 1933 Commanded 1224th Company, CCC, at Clarkia, Idaho, Fort Dupont, Delaware, Camp Lewes, Delaware, and Camp Dix, N.J.
June, 1934 Company commander, construction at Camp Dix, N.J.
December, 1934 Company commander, Ordinary Garrison Training at Fort Dupont, Delaware.
September, 1935 Assigned company commander, Company A, 29th Engineers, stationed at Fort Stevens, Oregon and Fort Berry, California
September, 1938 Assigned executive assistant on River and Harbor duty and district engineer in charge of all work on the Missouri River, and stationed at Omaha, Nebraska.
May, 1942 Commanded the 332nd Engineer Regiment, Camp Clairborne, LA and saw overseas duty in Europe.
July, 1942 Colonel Swenholt left the United States for foreign service and was stationed in England, France and served as regimental commander of the 332nd Engineer General Service Regiment.
November, 1945 Assigned to Office, Chief of Engineers, Washington, D.C.
May 8, 1952 Died in Tucson, Pima County, Arizona.
See also
References
"Bridging for Victory", Warrensburg, MO, Chester W. Nichols
External links
332nd Engineers web page
Basketball biography
1886 births
1952 deaths
All-American college men's basketball players
American military personnel of World War I
United States Army personnel of World War II
Military personnel from Wisconsin
Civilian Conservation Corps people
United States Army officers
People from Wittenberg, Wisconsin
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball players
American people of Norwegian descent
American men's basketball players |
John V (c. 1010 – c. 1040) was the consul and duke of Gaeta from 1012 to 1032. He was the son of John IV and Sichelgaita, sister of Sergius IV of Naples. He was either very young (an infant) when he succeeded his father or perhaps he was even born posthumously.
His regency was disputed by Leo, his father's brother, and the senatrix Emilia, his father's mother. From 1014 to 1024, Leo acted as co-duke, but then he retired to Itri and left the regency to Emilia (1025). In 1027, John gave refuge to Sergius IV, who had been forced out of Naples. The two of them together plotted his retaking of Naples and recruited Ranulf Drengot, a Norman mercenary, to their cause.
Later, when Ranulf had realigned himself with Pandulf IV of Capua, Sergius and John's old enemy and the old captor of Naples, John was threatened by the new Lombard-Norman alliance. In 1032, Pandulf conquered Gaeta and John went into hiding, where he continued to harass Pandulf and tried to control his territories without his capital. He died around 1040.
Sources
Chalandon, Ferdinand. Histoire de la domination normande en Italie et en Sicilie. Paris, 1907.
Norwich, John Julius. The Normans in the South 1016-1130. Longmans: London, 1967.
1010s births
1040 deaths
Dukes of Gaeta |
Golkhaneh is a village in Bamyan Province in central Afghanistan.
See also
Bamyan Province
References
External links
Satellite map at Maplandia.com
Populated places in Bamyan Province |
```java
/*
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
* questions.
*/
package org.graalvm.visualizer.search.ui;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import org.graalvm.visualizer.data.InputNode;
import org.graalvm.visualizer.data.services.GraphViewer;
import org.graalvm.visualizer.view.api.DiagramViewer;
import org.openide.awt.ActionID;
import org.openide.awt.ActionRegistration;
import org.openide.util.Lookup;
/**
*
* @author sdedic
*/
@ActionRegistration(displayName = "Select nodes", lazy = true, surviveFocusChange = true)
@ActionID(category = "Diagram", id = "org.graalvm.visualizer.search.selectnodes")
public class SelectNodesAction implements ActionListener {
private final Collection<InputNode> inputNodes;
public SelectNodesAction(List<InputNode> nodes) {
this.inputNodes = nodes;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
DiagramViewer vwr = Lookup.getDefault().lookup(GraphViewer.class).getActiveViewer();
vwr.getSelections().setSelectedNodes(inputNodes);
}
}
``` |
Buddleja interrupta is a species endemic to the dry valleys and roadsides of northern Peru at altitudes < 2600 m. The species was first described and named by Kunth in 1818.
Description
Buddleja interrupta is a dioecious shrub 1 – 2 m high with greyish bark. The young branches are covered with a white tomentum, bearing lanceolate leaves 5 – 12 cm long by 2 – 3 cm wide, subcoriaceous, tomentulose above, white tomentose below. The cream inflorescence is 10 – 20 cm long with two orders of branches, the flowers borne in pairs of capitate sessile cymules 0.5 – 0.8 cm in diameter, each with 3 – 9 flowers. The corolla is < 2 mm long.
Cultivation
The shrub is not known to be in cultivation.
References
interrupta
Flora of Peru
Flora of Southern America
Dioecious plants |
Big John Hamilton was an American vocalist. He is known as a singer of Southern Soul music. Hamilton lived in Florida. He made eight solo records (45s) as well as duets with Doris Allen. They sang a version of Buddy Miles' "Them Changes" for Florida's Minaret Records label between 1967 and 1970. Sundazed Records released a Compact Disc in 2006 of his music called How Much Can a Man Take, the name of the title song from 1968.
References
American soul singers
Possibly living people
Year of birth missing |
Marbled reef-eel may refer to:
Uropterygius marmoratus, Marbled reef-eel, or slender conger eel
Anarchias seychellensis, Seychelles moray, or marbled reef-eel
Gymnothorax obesus, Speckled moray, or marbled reef eel |
3-(Difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid is a chemical compound which is used commercially as an intermediate to seven fungicides which act by inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDHI). It consists of a pyrazole ring with difluoromethyl, methyl and carboxylic acid groups attached in specific positions.
Background
Inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase, the complex II in the mitochondrial respiration chain, has been known as a fungicidal mechanism of action since the first examples were marketed in the 1960s. By 2016, at least 18 examples were developed by crop protection companies, with the market leader being boscalid, owing to its broad spectrum of fungal species controlled. However, it lacked full control of important cereal diseases, especially septoria leaf blotch Zymoseptoria tritici.
A group of compounds which did control septoria were 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic amides, as shown below, ordered by year of their first registration.
Synthesis
The first reported synthesis of the pyrazole acid was in 1993, by chemists at Monsanto.
The ethyl ester of difluoroacetoacetic acid is treated with triethyl orthoformate in the presence of acetic anhydride and then with methyl hydrazine, which forms mainly the required pyrazole ring, in addition to its isomer with the methyl group on the alternative nitrogen atom. This ester is then hydrolysed with sodium hydroxide to give the pyrazole acid.
Manufacture of the acid at large scale has been optimised by chemists at Syngenta, Bayer Crop Science and BASF.
Uses
, amides of the acid were commercialised in seven SDHI fungicides. The US Geological Survey for 2018 reported that the most heavily used there were fluxapyroxad, at , followed by benzovindiflupyr at . The acid has been reported as a metabolite of fluxapyroxad and pydiflumetofen and thus may be present in the environment where these materials are used. The most recently registered example of this class is Sumitomo's inpyrfluxam. Two further compounds, pyrapropoyne (Nissan Chemical Corporation) and flubeneteram (Dongguan Hec Tech) are under development.
This group of pyrazole carboxamide fungicides are very effective against major crop pests such as Alternaria species, including early blight of tomato and potato. However, none display commercial levels of activity against oomycetes, fungal-related organisms which include important diseases like Phytophthora infestans, late blight of potato.
References
Difluoromethyl compounds
Pyrazoles
Carboxylic acids |
Smith-Madrone Vineyards and Winery is a winery in Napa Valley in the Spring Mountain District AVA. It was founded in 1971 by Stuart Smith. The name Smith-Madrone comes from combining the founders' name with the madrone trees among the estate. The winery is a long-time pioneer of dry farming.
Charles Smith, Stuart Smith's brother, is the winemaker at Smith-Madrone. Charles joined the winery in 1973. Sam Smith, Stuart Smith's son, is the assistant winemaker.
Vineyards
Smith-Madrone is located in the Spring Mountain District in the Napa Valley AVA. The estate is a ranch, planted partly as vineyards over a century ago. It sits at 1,600 to elevation at the top of Spring Mountain amid fir and madrona. Some of the vines are planted on slopes angling over 30 degrees. There are of Riesling, of Chardonnay, of Cabernet Sauvignon, of Cabernet Franc and of Merlot.
Wines
Smith-Madrone's current varietals are Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Riesling and Cook's Flat Reserve. Production of the first vintage was in 1977. There are less than 5,000 cases released each year.
Smith-Madrone is most known for its benchmark Riesling, "one of the most coveted California Rieslings", and was voted "The Best Riesling in the World" by the Gault-Millau International Wine Championships in Europe in 1979. Smith-Madrone’s Riesling is the only Riesling from North America in Stuart Pigott’s list of Top 20 Dry Rieslings in his book The Riesling Story: Best White Wine on Earth. Pigott explains: “…some of my favorite Californian Rieslings, like that from Smith-Madrone…come from dramatic mountainous locations….[this is] a properly dry Riesling that has arguably been the most consistent wine from this grape in the entire state since the first vintage back in 1977
The Smith-Madrone Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay also regularly win gold medals at various wine fairs across California such as the San Francisco International Wine Fair and Critic’s Challenge. The winery was named as The Daily Meal's Winery of the Year in 2014. The winery is recommended as an "authentic" winery to visit in The San Francisco Chronicle in October 2015.
References
External links
Smith-Madrone Vineyards and Winery
Cook's Flat Reserve
Wineries in Napa Valley
Companies based in Napa County, California
1971 establishments in California |
Ølstykke-Stenløse is a city located in the Egedal Municipality, in the Capital Region of Denmark. Both Ølstykke and Stenløse has been counted as one city by Statistics Denmark from 1 January 2010, and it forms the eastern part of the city closest to Copenhagen, 25 kilometers in a straight line northwest of City Hall Square, as well as Gammel Ølstykke and Ølstykke Stationsby in the west. It is Denmark's 29th largest city (2023), with a population of 23,130 (2023), and the largest city in Egedal Municipality.
Notable people
Lars Hendriksen (born 1966 in Ølstykke) a Danish sailor, competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Tine Scheuer-Larsen (born 1966 in Ølstykke) a retired female tennis player
Mark Gundelach (born 1992 in Stenløse) a Danish football midfielder, who plays for FC Roskilde
Nicklas Strunck (born 1999 in Stenløse) a Danish footballer who plays for FC Groningen
References
Cities and towns in the Capital Region of Denmark
Populated places established in 2010
2010 establishments in Denmark
Egedal Municipality |
Cicindela aurofasciata (sometimes called the "gold cross") is a species of tiger beetle endemic to India. It usually occurs in open grass dominated habitats and varies in size between 12 and 14 mm long. It is closely related to Cicindela goryi which was treated as a subspecies.
The larval stages build angular turrets.
References
aurofasciata
Beetles described in 1831
Endemic fauna of India |
Peperomia vulcanicola is a species of Peperomia plant native to Ecuador. It was discovered by Casimir de Candolle in 1920. It grows in wet tropical biomes.
Etymology
The species epithet vulcanicola is derived from the Latin for inhabiting volcanoes.
References
vulcanicola
Flora of Ecuador
Species described in 1920
Taxa named by Casimir de Candolle |
Power to the edge refers to the ability of an organization to dynamically synchronize its actions; achieve command and control (C2) agility; and increase the speed of command over a robust, networked grid. The term is most commonly used in relation to military organizations, but it can equally be used in a civilian context.
"Power to the edge" is an information and organization management philosophy first articulated by the U.S. Department of Defense in a publication by Dr. David S. Alberts and Richard E. Hayes in 2003 titled: "Power to the Edge: Command...Control...in the Information Age." This book was published by the Command and Control Research Program and can be downloaded from the Program's website.
Principles
Power to the edge advocates the following:
Achieving situational awareness rather than creating a single operational picture
Self-synchronizing operations instead of autonomous operations
Information "pull" rather than broadcast information "push"
Collaborative efforts rather than individual efforts
Communities of Interest (COIs) rather than stovepipes
"Task, post, process, use" rather than "task, process, exploit, disseminate"
Handling information once rather than handling multiple data calls
Sharing data rather than maintaining private data
Persistent, continuous information assurance rather than perimeter, one-time security
Bandwidth on demand rather than bandwidth limitations
IP-based transport rather than circuit-based transport
Net-Ready KPP rather than interoperability KPP
Enterprise services rather than separate infrastructures
COTS based, net-centric capabilities rather than customized, platform-centric IT
Agility
The philosophy of power to the edge is aimed at achieving organizational agility. Such agility has six attributes:
Robustness: the ability to maintain effectiveness across a range of tasks, situations, and conditions
Resilience: the ability to recover from or adjust to misfortune, damage, or a destabilizing perturbation in the environment
Responsiveness: the ability to react to a change in the environment in a timely manner
Flexibility: the ability to employ multiple ways to succeed and the capacity to move seamlessly between them
Innovation: the ability to do new things and the ability to do old things in new ways
Adaptation: the ability to change work processes and the ability to change the organization
See also
Network-centric organization
Network-centric warfare
Network simulator
External links
Command and Control Research Program
References
Command and Control Research Program Website
Power to the Edge by Alberts and Hayes (2003)
Power to the Edge presentation by Dr. Margaret Myers, CIO-DOD
"Command and Control Implications of Network-Centric Warfare"
Management
Command and control
Net-centric |
The Ruwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands is a montane grasslands and shrublands ecoregion of the Rwenzori Mountains and Virunga Mountains in central Africa.
Setting
The ecoregion lies above 3000 meters elevation, and is divided into two areas: the Rwenzori Mountains on the border of Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the volcanic Virunga Mountains to the south, where the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda meet. It is surrounded at lower elevations by the Albertine Rift montane forests ecoregion.
The Afroalpine flora of the higher altitudes have much in common with the East African montane moorlands of Mount Kilimanjaro, Mount Kenya and Mount Meru.
Flora and fauna
The ecoregion is home to a distinctive Afroalpine vegetation. Habitat types include lakes, marshy deltas and peat bogs, open montane grasslands, shrublands, enclaves of high elevation forest, snow fields, and glaciers. Giant rosette plants, including various species of lobelias and senecios, are characteristic of the ecoregion.
Vegetation varies with elevation, soils, and exposure.
The upper montane forest of the Albertine Rift montane forests, composed of cloud forests with Hagenia abyssinica and Hypericum revolutum, or bamboo forests of Sinarundinaria alpina, extends up to .
Ericaceous forests form a transition zone between the montane forests and alpine moorlands, extending up to . Erica arborea is the dominant species. The ericaceous vegetation varies in growth habit, in places forming a dense forest of single-trunked trees, thickets of multi-trunked shrubs, or open shrubland reaching only 1 meter high. The ericaceous forest supports many epiphytes.
Alpine grasslands and alpine shrublands extend up to altitude. Tussock grasslands include Festuca abyssinica and Carex runssoroensis. The giant rosette plants Lobelia wollastonii and Dendrosenecio johnstonii are found on both the Rwenzoris and the Virungas, while Lobelia stuhlmannii grows only on the Virungas.
In the portion of the Rwenzoris above altitude, the alpine grasslands and shrublands yield to upper alpine dwarf scrub, also known as subnival shrub, where Helichrysum stuhlmanii forms isolated thickets.
The Virunga Mountains provide habitat for the endangered mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei), although these spend most of their time in lower zones.
Protected areas
A 2017 assessment found that 513 km², or 99%, of the ecoregion is in protected areas. Virunga National Park protects the Congolese portion of moorlands in both the Rwenzori and Virunga ranges. Uganda's Rwenzori Mountains National Park protects the Ugandan portion of the Rwenzori moorlands, and Rwanda's Volcans National Park protects the Rwandan portion of the Virunga moorlands.
References
Afrotropical ecoregions
Afromontane ecoregions
Afromontane forests
Ecoregions of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Ecoregions of Rwanda
Ecoregions of Uganda
Montane grasslands and shrublands |
Implerstraße is an U-Bahn station in Munich on the and the .
References
External links
Munich U-Bahn stations
Railway stations in Germany opened in 1975
1975 establishments in West Germany |
One Beat is the sixth studio album by the American rock band Sleater-Kinney, released on August 20, 2002, by Kill Rock Stars. It was produced by John Goodmanson and recorded between March and April 2002 at Jackpot! Studio in Portland, Oregon. The album peaked at number 107 in the United States on the Billboard 200 and entered the Billboard Top Independent Albums at number five. One Beat was very well received by critics. Praise centered on its cathartic musical delivery and progressive politics.
Background and recording
One Beat is the follow-up to Sleater-Kinney's highly acclaimed fifth album All Hands on the Bad One, released in 2000. Before entering the studio, Sleater-Kinney practiced in drummer Janet Weiss's basement. The band conceived the album to be "the voice in the silence" following the terrorist attacks in the U.S. on September 11, 2001. Vocalists and guitarists Corin Tucker and Carrie Brownstein did not follow a set of blueprints when crafting the songs; rather, they simply worked off each other's input and proceeded in a piecemeal way. The album took longer to write than its predecessor. As Tucker explains, "the songs are more intricate and require a lot more arranging and tweaking. Our creativity really channeled us to that place."
Speaking about the development of the songs in a concert setting, Weiss has said, "The live forum is where we get the feedback from the people who we're really interested in communicating with."
One Beat was produced by long-time collaborator John Goodmanson, who came from the same educational background as Sleater-Kinney and recorded with most of the acts signed to Kill Rock Stars. Weiss has stated that Goodmanson has a "unique" way of working with the band. Both parties decided to steer the album in a challenging new direction. In a later interview, Brownstein commented that "sometimes when we would want to do new things, he would be like, 'oh god, everyone would freak out if we did that, we can't do that!' ". After the recording sessions, Tucker indicated that she viewed the record's final mix as "a vast, sweeping landscape" that is the most fully formed release in the band's discography.
Music and lyrics
Brownstein has referred to the album as a "strident and pointed political record, in terms of the lyrics". The album contains some of Sleater-Kinney's most polemical songs; "Far Away" explicitly references the September 11 terrorist attacks and contains criticism of American president George W. Bush. Corin Tucker said that it "wasn't really a conscious decision" to write about the attacks, but there was "just such as an overwhelming presence in our minds as we were trying to write songs, that we felt that we really needed to deal with it, and that we really needed to write about it". The album's lyrics were also prominently influenced by the recent birth of Tucker's son Marshall Tucker Bangs. According to Tucker, "Marshall is all over One Beat. The last year was definitely a difficult time for me, as he was born nine weeks premature and he was in the hospital for a while. It was the hardest thing that I've ever lived through, that fear and anxiety, and I think I was able to let go into the music." The song "Sympathy" was written about the "terrifying" experience of Marshall's premature birth. "Hollywood Ending" attacks the concept of celebrity and the mainstream female body image.
Brownstein described the album's overall sound by saying, "I think of Dig Me Out and The Hot Rock as the two ends of the spectrum and it's kind of been combined on this record. And then we also pushed ourselves beyond that". Goodmanson said that "To me, it's not a record that's built for alternative radio. Yet, surprisingly, the reaction from everyone I've played it for has been like, 'Wow, these guys are really going for it'". The songs "Far Away" and "Combat Rock" are both politically conscious songs, while "Step Aside" references "the violence of the world outside" and the domestic responsibilities of motherhood. The track incorporates a horn section. In One Beat, Carrie Brownstein plays her guitar in the style of Document-era Peter Buck, the guitarist of R.E.M. The album contains the use of wah-wah pedals, synthesizers, sing-along choruses, and hints of blues music. The song "Prisstina" features backup vocals, synthesizers and guitars by American musician and composer Stephen Trask. Musically, Lawrence Journal-World likened a good portion of the album to The Scream-era Siouxsie and the Banshees.
Promotion and release
Before the release, Brownstein took time off to act in an independent film, Group, which documents a group of women meeting each week in therapy sessions.
In March 2002, Sleater-Kinney previewed tracks from One Beat during a series of U.S. East Coast performances and at the All Tomorrow's Parties festival in Los Angeles. The album's track list was confirmed in May. At the start of August, the band posted the 12 songs as QuickTime streams on the Kill Rock Stars label website.
One Beat was released on August 20, 2002, by Kill Rock Stars. Alongside the standard edition, a limited edition of the album was also made available for purchase. Both the CD and Vinyl limited edition featured a second disc containing two bonus tracks, "Off With Your Head" and "Lions and Tigers".
Upon release, the album reached 107 on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart, No. 2 on the Heatseekers Albums chart, and No. 5 on the Independent Albums chart.
To promote the album, Sleater-Kinney performed at a street festival in Los Angeles alongside Sonic Youth on the weekend of August 25. The band embarked on an extensive U.S. tour in support of One Beat at the start of September. The tour started with a concert at the Bluebird Theatre in Denver on September 11, which coincided with the one-year anniversary of the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and ended with a gig at the 40 Watt Club in Athens, Georgia, on October 24. Sleater-Kinney continued touring with the album for two years, during which time they secured a support slot on Pearl Jam's U.S. tour.
The album was remastered and reissued in 2014.
Critical reception
Media response to One Beat was highly favorable; aggregating website Metacritic reported a normalized rating of 85 out of 100 based on 22 critical reviews, indicating "universal acclaim". Prominent music critic Robert Christgau, writing for The Village Voice, explained that Sleater-Kinney aim for "defiant uplift" and seem energized by the challenge. Neva Chonin of Rolling Stone pointed out that the trio's "riotous manifesto remains the same". Victoria Segal of NME stated, "Few bands could explore motherhood and terrorism without making you want to shoot them: Corin Tucker's electric-shock voice and the adrenal guitars make them... essential pop topics".
AllMusic reviewer Steve Huey commented that Sleater-Kinney sometimes sacrifices immediacy for angular melodies and riffs that "don't catch hold", but gave One Beat a rating of four stars out of five by noting that its "musical progression is still extremely impressive". Drowned in Sound's Becky Stefani indicated that listening to the record makes one feel that "all is well in alternative music". Douglas Wolk of Blender gave the album a maximum rating of five stars out of five by indicating that the band "swagger like they never have before, eschewing the filler that made their last few records drag".
Legacy
As of November 2004, the album had sold 73,000 copies in the U.S. according to Nielsen SoundScan. As of February 2015, One Beat had sold 90,000 copies.
One Beat was ranked at number five in the Pazz & Jop poll run by The Village Voice, which surveyed 695 critics to find the best albums of 2002,
while The Boston Phoenix included it in its unnumbered list of The Best Albums of 2002. Similarly, CMJ New Music Report placed the record at number 6 in its Top 10 of 2002 list. Spin ranked One Beat at number 12 in its list of "Albums of the Year" for 2002; staff writer Caryn Ganz praised it as Sleater-Kinney's "sharpest statement yet". Pitchfork placed the record at number 14 in its end-of-year list for 2002; contributor Brendan Reid wrote, "Years at the top haven't dulled their willingness to take risks, and that's just what they do, spectacularly, on One Beat".
Track listing
Personnel
Credits are adapted from One Beats album notes.
Sleater-Kinney
Carrie Brownstein – guitar, vocals
Corin Tucker – vocals, guitar
Janet Weiss – drums, percussion, vocals
Additional musicians
Stephen Trask – background vocals, synthesiser
Steve Fisk – keyboards
Sam Coomes – theremin
John Goodmanson – EBow guitar
Mike Wayland – alto saxophone, tenor saxophone
Russ Scott – trumpet
Jen Charowhas – violin
Brent Arnold – cello
Technical personnel
John Goodmanson – producer
Larry Crane – engineering
Roger Seibel – mastering
References
External links
2002 albums
Albums produced by John Goodmanson
Kill Rock Stars albums
Sleater-Kinney albums
Music about the September 11 attacks
Sub Pop albums |
Meerza Delawar Hosaen Ahmed was the first Muslim graduate from the University of Kolkata. He is believed to the first Muslim graduate in India. He served as a civil servant and was awarded the title of Khan Bahadur. He was known for his progressive outlook and support for intellectual and cultural awakening of Bengali Muslims.
Early life
Ahmed was born in 1840 in Baubnam in Pargana Arshah, Hooghly district, Bengal Presidency, British India. He graduated from the University of Kolkata, the first Muslim graduate of the college.
Career
Ahmed joined the Indian Civil Service. He retired from the service with the rank of Deputy Magistrate in 1894. He was loyal to the British crown and was an advocate of British rule in India. He was given by the title of Khan Bahadur after retiring.
After retiring, Ahmed wrote in The Moslem Chronicle, a progressive English Language weekly. He also wrote for The Mussalman. He wrote in the English language and avoided writing in his native Bengali. He published Essays on Mohmmedan Social Reform, a two volume book, by Thacker Spink and Co from Calcutta in 1889.
Death
Ahmed died in 1913.
References
1840 deaths
1913 deaths
People from Hooghly district
University of Calcutta alumni |
This is a list of lead vocalists. This list includes notable musicians whose status as the lead singer and/or vocalist of a musical group has been established by obvious fact or by the musical group itself. This list does not include persons who frequently share lead vocal duties with other members of a given music group (e.g. John Lennon of the Beatles) or who are principally the public face or spokesperson of the music group (e.g. Pete Wentz of Fall Out Boy). The musician's name appears behind a bullet, and the corresponding musical group appears in parentheses.
0–9
2-D (Gorillaz)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
R
S
T
U
V
W
Y
Z
Related lists
List of female rock singers
References
Citations
Works cited
Lists of singers |
The New Media Consortium (NMC) was an international 501(c)(3) not-for-profit consortium of learning-focused organizations dedicated to the exploration and use of new media and new technologies.
History
The New Media Consortium (NMC) was founded in 1993 by a group of hardware manufacturers, software developers, and publishers who felt that the ultimate success of their multimedia-capable products depended upon their acceptance by the higher education community.
Those 22 institutions initiated a number of collaborative activities, and their working group — then called the New Media Centers — quickly evolved into an independent not-for-profit 501(c)(3) corporation by early 1994, with headquarters in San Francisco. In 2002, the NMC moved its national headquarters from San Francisco, CA to Austin, TX.
In December 2017 the organization announced in an email that it was ceasing operations and filing for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. The statement blamed the closure on "apparent errors and omissions by its former Controller and Chief Financial Officer." The involvement of the board of Directors, the Board Officers and especially the Treasurer, or the Executive Director in the events that led to the NMC's demise remained unclear in the aftermath of the dissolution.
Board of directors
Members and officers at the time of the announcement
Gardner Campbell, Chair. Associate Prof. of English, Virginia Commonwealth University
Don Henderson, Vice Chair. Senior Manager, Creative Expression, Apple Inc.
Joan Lippincott, Treasurer. Associate Executive Director, Coalition for Networked Information
Liz Neely, Secretary. Senior Director, Integrated Content, American Alliance of Museums (AAM)
Michael Berman, Board Member. VP Technology & Communication, California State University, Channel Islands
Kyle Bowen, Board Member. Director, Educational Technology, Pennsylvania State University
Crista Copp, Board Member. Director of Educational Technology Services & Support, Loyola Marymount University
Christina Engelbart, Board Member. Executive Director, Doug Engelbart Institute
Cynthia Golden, Board Member. Director, University Center for Teaching & Learning, University of Pittsburgh
Marco Torres, Board Member. Director of Story, Digital Promise
Senior Staff
As of December, 2017
Executive Director — Eden Dahlstrom
Senior Director, Financial Services and Controller — Anne Treadway, CPA
Senior Director, Communications — Samantha Becker
Senior Director, Membership and Special Projects — Alex Freeman
Senior Director, CTO — Gordon Jackson
Offices
The NMC had offices in Texas in the United States. The final headquarters office was in Austin, Texas.
See also
New Media Council
New media art
References
External links
Official website
Video about the campus in Second Life
Organizations established in 1993
New media
International educational organizations
International organizations based in the United States |
Christian List (born 1973) is a German philosopher and political scientist who serves as professor of philosophy and decision theory at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and co-director of the Munich Center for Mathematical Philosophy. He was previously professor of political science and philosophy at the London School of Economics. List's research interests relate to social choice theory, formal epistemology, political philosophy, and the philosophy of social science.
Born in Nastätten, Germany, on 7 November 1973, List earned his Bachelor of Arts and Master of Philosophy degrees at St Peter's College, and his Doctor of Philosophy degree at Nuffield College, both University of Oxford. He was elected to the British Academy in 2014, the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and social sciences.
Selected publications
Independence and Interdependence: Lessons from the Hive. London School of Economics and Political Science, London, 2010. (With Adrian Vermeule)
Where Do Preferences Come From? London School of Economics and Political Science, London, 2010. (With Franz Dietrich)
Group Agency: The Possibility, Design, and Status of Corporate Agents. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2011. (With Philip Pettit)
"Emergent Chance", The Philosophical Review, 124 (1), 2015, pp. 119–152. (With Marcus Pivato)
Why Free Will Is Real May 6, 2019, Harvard University Press;
References
External links
1973 births
21st-century German male writers
21st-century German non-fiction writers
21st-century German philosophers
21st-century political scientists
Academics of the London School of Economics
Alumni of Nuffield College, Oxford
Alumni of St Peter's College, Oxford
Analytic philosophers
Decision theory
Epistemologists
Fellows of the British Academy
German expatriates in England
German male non-fiction writers
German political philosophers
German political scientists
Living people
Academic staff of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
People from Rhein-Lahn-Kreis
Philosophers of social science
Social choice theory
Writers from Rhineland-Palatinate |
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