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Klukowo-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Klukowo, within Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.
References
Klukowo-Kolonia |
Zoller-Frasier Round Barn is a historic round barn located at Newville in Herkimer County, New York. It was built about 1895 and is approximately 80 feet in diameter. It is constructed of clapboard sided stud walls above a low mortared stone foundation. It is built surrounding a self-supporting central silo.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
References
Barns on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
Infrastructure completed in 1895
Round barns in New York (state)
Buildings and structures in Herkimer County, New York
National Register of Historic Places in Herkimer County, New York |
Chen Xianqi () (died 786) was a general of the Chinese Tang Dynasty. He had served under Li Xilie, who had rebelled against Emperor Dezong and claimed the title of emperor of his own state of Chu. Li Xilie, however, by 786, had become repeatedly defeated by Tang forces. When Li Xilie grew ill, Chen had him poisoned and then submitted to Tang, but was himself in turn assassinated by Wu Shaocheng later in the year.
Service under and killing of Li Xilie
Virtually nothing is known about Chen Xianqi's background, including his birth date or his family origin. It is known that he had risen from soldier ranks to serve as an officer below Li Xilie while Li Xilie was the Tang military governor (Jiedushi) of Huaixi Circuit. His wife carried the surname Dou, the same surname as Li Xilie's favorite concubine, a daughter of the official Dou Liang (), whom Li Xilie had forced to become his concubine during the time he claimed imperial title at the emperor of his own state of Chu (a title he claimed in 784). Dou Liang's daughter, however, was secretly plotting against Li Xilie, and she persuaded Li Xilie that Chen was faithful and capable and thus should be trusted. Because she and Chen's wife shared the same surname, she informed Li Xilie that she would try to enter a friendship with Chen's wife in order to ensure his loyalty. After she befriended Chen's wife, she instead involved Chen and Chen's wife in the plot to destroy Li Xilie. When Li Xilie grew ill after eating beef in summer 786, at Chen's instigation, Li Xilie's physician poisoned him to death.
After Li Xilie's death, Li Xilie's son did not announce his death and was planning to kill officers who would not submit to him, and then declare himself Li Xilie's successor. Li Xilie's concubine Lady Dou, who had just received some peaches as tribute, wrote down the son's plans and hid the plan in a wax ball, and then hid the wax ball in a peach which she then gave to Chen's wife. Chen, realizing what Li Xilie's son was planning, entered the mansion along with fellow officer Xue Yu () and killed Li Xilie's son. He then killed Li Xilie's wife, brothers, and sons, and delivered the heads of Li Xilie, his wife, and his sons to the Tang capital Chang'an and submitted to Emperor Dezong. Emperor Dezong made him military governor of Huaixi.
As Jiedushi
As military governor, Chen tried to show loyalty to the imperial government immediately, and he sent troops to Tang's western borders that fall to help defend against attacks by Tufan. Just three months after he killed Li Xilie, however, one of LI Xilie's close associates, Wu Shaocheng, killed him and took over as acting military governor. Li Xilie's concubine also died in the coup. Emperor Dezong, while mourning Chen, did not dare to wage a campaign against Wu, and he made his own son Li Liang () the Prince of Qian the nominal military governor and Wu the deputy military governor, thus effectively allowing Wu to take over the circuit.
Notes and references
Old Book of Tang, vol. 145.
New Book of Tang, vol. 225, part 2.
Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 232.
8th-century births
786 deaths
Tang dynasty jiedushi of Huaixi Circuit |
Nick Petford (born 27 May 1961, London, England) is a British academic and former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Northampton. Previously he was Pro-Vice Chancellor (Research and Enterprise) at Bournemouth University and before that Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Kingston University. He has also worked for BP and on academic and commercial research projects throughout the world. As an academic he is known for his expertise in magmatic systems and volcanology. His publicly available Google Scholar Nick Petford account records over 200 journal articles, pieces of journalism, published abstracts and book chapters in this and other fields. He is a deputy lieutenant for Northamptonshire and in 2021 was granted Freedom of the City of London.
Personal life
Petford grew up in Hayes West London, before moving to the Hiltingbury district of Chandlers Ford where he went to The Mountbatten School, a comprehensive, near Southampton. His family come from the Kentish Town and Islington areas of North London. His maternal grandmother was Ashkenazi Jewish and her daughters, Nick's identical twin aunties, were long-standing variety and music hall performers. He is married with three children.
Career
Nick Petford left school at 16, training as a refrigeration engineer and then working in retail, before doing an Access Course in Science at Southwark College. This led to reading Geology at Goldsmiths, University of London (1984–1987). He received a PhD from the University of Liverpool in 1991 and a DSc in 2009. He holds an honorary DSc from Amity University, a private university based in India, is Visiting Professor at Macquarie University, Sydney and the Communication University of China (Beijing).
Petford is a former Royal Society University Research Fellow and Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge. His contributions to the media on volcanoes include appearances on Sky News, BBC TV and Radio, the Richard and Judy show and National Geographic'''s "Top 10 Natural Disasters". In 2005, the BBC referred to the work of his research team in a documentary Krakatoa Revealed. During the 2010 eruption of Iceland's Eyjafjallajökull volcano he fronted the Channel 4 documentary The Volcano That Stopped Britain.
In 2018, the University opened the £330 million Waterside Campus, one of the largest relocation projects in the UK higher education sector. The relocation was financed primarily by a public bond issue trading on the Irish Stock Exchange. Since opening, the Campus has won a number of significant architectural awards. The restoration of a Grade II listed Engine Shed was particularly well reviewed, funding for this aspect of the campus build was received from the Heritage Lottery Fund. On 24 September 2021, the University announced that after nearly 12 years Petford would step down as Vice Chancellor in 2022.
Music
In 1977, Nick Petford co-founded Strate Jacket, Southampton's first punk band, although he only featured in the first line up and left before they released their first single. He also contributed to Stick It in Your Ear, a fanzine-based, cassette-only label based in Southampton devoted to local Southampton music, which had a policy of releasing a small number of cassettes, for free, of any music sent to it by local musicians. Its aim was to reflect and support the city's diverse music genres and encourage others to follow by example. Over seven years, it released 43 cassette items with Petford contributing two self-penned cassettes: Smile Please (This Is England) and Minerva Terrace, both released in 1983.
Controversies
Nick Petford's Who's Who entry lists one of his hobbies as crowd surfing. This is a reference to a Students' Union event in 2014 hosted by Simon Brodkin as Lee Nelson, where he agreed to crowd surf and join in a speed drinking contest. This incident, reported in the media, was criticised by the University of Northampton University and College Union (UCU) (the recognised trade union which represents academic and teaching staff at the university) but supported by two of the students present.
In 2015, concerned about the debt level created by the relocation to the Waterside campus, the University of Northampton UCU held a vote of no confidence in members of the University's senior management team (including Professor Nick Petford as Vice Chancellor). The majority voted that they had no confidence. However, this symbolic and non-binding vote was dismissed by the University's governing body because the bond instrument was underwritten by a HM Treasury guarantee scheme, meaning the UK Government would repay the loan should the University be unable to do so.
Petford has been known to at times express controversial viewpoints. These have included criticising local journalists who had reported on financial irregularities at the former Northamptonshire County Council; describing himself as a 'cavalier chancellor'; and retweeting individual student viewpoints, that dismissed UCU's criticism of the speed drinking and crowd-surfing incident. Under Nick Petford's tenure, in November 2021, and again in April 2022 UCU members of the academic staff voted to strike. Although these were national ballots, the University of Northampton stood out as one of very few post-1992 universities to do so.
Other roles
Petford is a Fellow of the Geological Society of London, American Geophysical Union, Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts and was Vice President of the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland (2002–2004). From 2012 to 2015 he chaired a Universities UK Task & Finish Group looking at procurement and social value.
His career turns were included as part of a BBC Radio 4 show, Whatever Happened To? in August 2018, along with two former classmates John Russell and Dave Coombs from their City and Guilds refrigeration course at Eastleigh Technical College in 1977. In 2018, he was referred to in a The Guardian article on state school educated University Vice Chancellors. During Covid Lockdown he presented a monthly radio show and podcast Shout to the Top on NLive Radio, a community radio station run by the University of Northampton. The podcast versions, including the final one with Glen Matlock, Bob Harris, Jah Wobble and Richards Coles, on Punk music, are available on Spotify.
Edited publications
Jerram. D & Petford, N (2011), The Field Description of Igneous Rocks. The Geological Field Guide Series, Wiley‐Blackwell, West Sussex, UK 256 pp.
Petford, N., Sparks, R.S.J., Hutton, D.H.W. 2008, (Eds), Plutons and Batholiths, Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh. 97, Part 4, 297–477.
Thompson, K & Petford, N, 2008, (Eds) Structure and Emplacement of High-Level Magmatic Systems: Geol. Soc. London. Spec Pub. 302, 227 pp.
Petford, N. 2006, (Ed), Post-Perovskite Workshop, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Visual Geosciences, DOI 10.1007/s10069-006-0001-0.
Breitkreuz, C. & Petford, N., &. 2004, (Eds), Physical Geology of Subvolcanic Intrusions. Geol. Soc. London. Spec Pub, 225.
Petford, N. & McCaffrey, K.J.W. 2003, (Eds), Hydrocarbons in Crystalline Rocks. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Pub. 215.
Brown, M., Petford, N. and Schilling, F.R. 2001 (Eds), Crustal Melting and Granite Magmatism: Causes and Behaviours from Pores to Plutons. Phys. Chem. Earth, (A) 26, No. 4-5, 201–367.
David, C., Petford, N. & Risnes, R. 2001 (Eds), Compaction, Subsidence and the Mechanics of Granular Materials, Phys. Chem. Earth (A) 26, No. 1-2, 3–111.
References
External links
Fluvial Innovations
Full publication list here via Google Scholar
Fellows of the Geological Society of London
Living people
1961 births
Fellows of the American Geophysical Union
Planetary science
People associated with the University of Northampton
People associated with Bournemouth University
Academics of Kingston University
Alumni of Goldsmiths, University of London
Alumni of the University of Liverpool
Fellows of Churchill College, Cambridge
People from Hoxton
English punk rock musicians |
Russell W. "Russ" Meyer Jr. (born 1932 in Davenport, Iowa, United States) is the Chairman Emeritus and former Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Cessna Aircraft Company. He was awarded the Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy, the Collier Trophy on two separate occasions (once jointly with Cessna), and the Meritorious Service Award from the National Business Aircraft Association (NBAA). In 2009, he became inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame.
Meyer graduated from Yale University with a B.A. degree in 1954 and was awarded a Doctor of Law degree from Harvard Law School in 1961.
He was a jet pilot in the U.S. Air Force from 1955-1958 and served with the Marine Corps Reserves from 1958–1961.
Between 1961 and 1966, Meyer was an attorney with Arter & Hadden in Cleveland, Ohio. He was President and CEO of the Grumman American Aviation Corporation from 1966 to 1974, and joined Cessna in 1974 as an Executive Vice President, recruited by long-time Cessna President Dwane Wallace. Meyer was elected the company's CEO in 1975 by Wallace and the rest of the Board of Directors, and would serve in that role from 1975 to 2000 and again from June 2002 to 2004, succeeded by Jack J. Pelton.
He conceived the Citation Special Olympics Airlift in 1986, which uses Cessna Citation Jets to transport thousands of disabled athletes to the National Special Olympics. That same year, he and Cessna were awarded the Collier Trophy for the worldwide safety record of the Cessna Citation fleet of business jets. Ten years later, in 1996, under his leadership, the Collier Trophy was again awarded to Cessna for developing the Citation X, the first commercial aircraft to achieve a cruising speed of Mach .92, making it the fastest business jet in the world. Meyer also helped lead the passage of the 1994 General Aviation Revitalization Act, and was involved in various programs throughout his career that aimed at growing and strengthening the aviation industry.
He was a close and longtime friend of legendary golfer, pilot and Cessna owner Arnold Palmer.
He and his wife Helen have five children.
References
External links
Russell W. Meyer, Jr. Chairman Emeritus, Cessna Aircraft Company - Wichita Aero Club
1932 births
Living people
Yale University alumni
Harvard Law School alumni
Collier Trophy recipients
National Aviation Hall of Fame inductees
People from Davenport, Iowa
American aviation businesspeople
American aerospace businesspeople
Cessna
United States Army Air Forces pilots
Military personnel from Iowa |
Independence of Bangladesh was declared on 26 March 1971, celebrated as Independence Day, from Pakistan. The Independence Day of Bangladesh is celebrated on 26 March when Sheikh Mujibur Rahman declared the independence of Bangladesh. The Bangladesh Liberation War started on 26 March and lasted till 16 December 1971 which is celebrated as Victory Day in Bangladesh. There is a dispute along partisan line on who declared the Independence of Bangladesh. The Awami League claim Sheikh Mujibur Rahman while the Bangladesh Nationalist Party claim it was Ziaur Rahman.
History
In 1905, the British Raj partitioned Bengal into East Bengal and West Bengal. The British introduced the Morley-Minto Reforms in 1909 which made the electorate system based on religion and East Bengal was largely Muslim. The Bengal Provincial Muslim League was created to represent Bengali Muslims. The two Bengals were joined back together in 1912 in a decision by the British which was unpopular among the Muslims which feared it would harm the interests of their community. The 1946 Cabinet Mission to India decided to partition Bengal and in 1947 Bengal was partitioned again. West Bengal went to India and East Bengal went to Pakistan becoming East Pakistan. The Partition of India took place along religious lines with Muslim majority areas going to Pakistan.
East Pakistan, where Bengali was the language spoken by the majority, opposed the move by the founder of Pakistan, Mohammed Ali Jinnah, to make Urdu the national language. The people of East Pakistan demanded Bengali be made a national language in the Bengali Language movement. Krishak Sramik Party demanded autonomy for East Bengal in 1953 and won the provincial election against the Pakistan Muslim League in 1954. A. K. Fazlul Huq, leader of the Krishak Sramik Party, becomes the chief minister of East Pakistan. On 31 May 1954, the Krishak Sramik Party was removed from power. Chief Minister A. K. Fazlul Huq and party general secretary Sheikh Mujibur Rahman were placed under house arrest on charges of separatism.
From 1963 to 1965, East Pakistan presented a case of economic deprivation with resources from the province benefitting West Pakistan at the cost of development in East Pakistan. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, now leader of the Awami League, was arrested in 1966 and charged in the Agartala conspiracy case, which accused prominent East Pakistanis of trying to separate the country with help from India, in 1968. The 1969 East Pakistan mass uprising saw the charges in the Agartala conspiracy case being dropped. Sarbadalia Chhatra Sangram Parishad was created to press the government of Pakistan for the Independence of East Pakistan. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is released from prison on 22 February 1970 by President Ayub Khan. On 10 March 1970, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman demanded autonomy for East Pakistan based on the Six Point program of the Awami League. Moulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani ends a public event with the slogan East Pakistan Zindabad on 23 November. 1970 Bhola cyclone killed 300 to 500 thousand people in East Pakistan. The people of East Pakistan found relief efforts by Pakistan government inadequate and felt neglected.
Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, won 288 seats out of 300 seats in the provincial assembly. It won 167 of 300 seats in the National Assembly of Pakistan. Despite the overwhelming victory, the Awami League was not allowed to form a government by the military administration of Pakistan led by General Yahya Khan. On 7 March 1971, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman gave a historic speech to resist the West Pakistan administration, through refusing to follow their orders and paying taxes. The crowd at the event chanted Jai Bangla (victory to Bengal). On 19 March, soldiers of Pakistan Army from East Pakistan and West Pakistan had a small skirmish at the Gazipur Ordnance Factory after the East Bengal Regiment refused to fire at crowds of protesting Bengalis. On 24 March, soldiers of East Pakistan Rifles raised the flag of independent Bangladesh in Jessore District.
Proclamation by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
On 26 March 1971, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman declared independence on radio after, Pakistan launched a crackdown on East Pakistan called Operation Searchlight and declared martial law, which was heard by only a limited number of people due to the broadcasting system used. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was detained by Pakistan Army soon after. On 27 March, Major Ziaur Rahman, officer of the East Bengal Regiment, declared the Independence of Bangladesh from Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and called the actions of Pakistan Army a massacre while asking for intervention of the United Nations. On 10 May Bengals members of provincial and national assembly gathered in Kolkata and created a government in exile. It created the Proclamation of Independence which was read from Baidyanathtala in Meherpur District.
Recognition
Bhutan recognized Bangladesh on 6 December and India a few hours later on the same day. They were the first two countries to recognize independent Bangladesh. East Germany recognized Bangladesh on 11 January 1972, becoming the third country to do so. On 7 February, Israel recognised Bangladesh following a request by the foreign minister of Bangladesh, Mostaq Ahmad.
Independence Day
The Independence Day of Bangladesh is celebrated on 26 March on the day Sheikh Mujibur Rahman declared the Independence of Bangladesh. Various programs are organised in the country to mark the occasion. The National Flag of Bangladesh is flown on all government buildings. The Independence Day Award was introduced by the Government of Bangladesh in 1977. The award is given on the Independence Day of Bangladesh on 26 March. The first Independence Day was celebrated on 26 March 1972. President Sheikh Mujibur Rahman addressed the nation.
Bangladesh Liberation War
The launch of Operation Searchlight and declaration of Independence marked the start of Bangladesh Liberation War on 26 March 1971. The war lasted nine months and ended on 16 December 1971. The Pakistan Army targeted religious minorities and political supporters of the Independence of Bangladesh. The actions culminated in what is known as the Bangladesh Genocide. During the war, 15 million refugees from East Pakistan moved to India.
Victory day
Victory Day is on 16 December and it commemorates the surrender of Pakistan to Bangladesh India joint forces at the end of Bangladesh Liberation War. It is celebrated as Vijay Diwas in India.
Controversy
There is some dispute between the Awami League and the Bangladesh Nationalist party, founded by Ziaur Rahman, on who declared the Independence of Bangladesh. When a different party comes to power, they change the history books of Bangladesh to either prefer Sheikh Mujibur Rahman or Ziaur Rahman.
References
Bangladesh Liberation War
Bangladesh
Political history of Bangladesh
1970s conflicts
East Pakistan
Military history of Bangladesh
1971 in Bangladesh
Wars involving Bangladesh
Wars involving Pakistan
Wars of independence
Bangladesh–Pakistan relations
1971 in international relations |
Mali i Lopës () is a mountain located in east-central Albania, on the border between Dibër and Mat municipalities. Its highest peak, Maja e Dhoksit, reaches a height of . It is surrounded by the valleys of Zalli i Bulqizës to the north, Zalli i Okshtunit to the east, Kaptina e Martaneshit to the south, and the upper valley of Mat to the west.
Geology
The mountain mass is primarily made up of ultrabasic magmatic rocks and partially of Mesozoic limestones with a gentle relief. The northern and northeastern slopes are marked by glacial cirques, some of which have transformed into glacial lakes, including Liqeni i Zi and Lake Sopa, which are among the largest of their kind in the country. The area is rich in vegetation, including oak, beech, and alpine pastures. In the Bulqiza massif are found significant sources of chrome ores (Bulqizë, Batër and Thekën).
See also
List of mountains in Albania
References
Mountains of Albania
Two-thousanders of Albania |
Ivan Eugen Padovec (17 July 1800 – 4 November 1873), commonly known as Johann (Ivan) Padowetz (see the signature on the photo), born in the baroque town of Varaždin in Croatia (known for its festivals of baroque music), was a guitar virtuoso, who gave concerts in Zagreb, Vienna, Prague, Budapest, Hamburg, London, etc. He constructed a ten-string guitar. Also, his Theoretisch-praktische Guitarrschule was published by Werner & Comp. in Vienna around 1844.
List of works
Orchestral compositions
Premier Concertino in C-major, for guitar and strings
Allegro moderato
Andante
Rondo. Allegretto
Second Concertino in F-major, for guitar and strings
Allegro moderato
Andante sostenuto
Polacca
Introduction und Variationen über ein Thema aus der Oper 'Die Kreuzritter' for guitar and orchestra consisted of a string quintet, two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, two bassoons, French horn, trumpet and timpani
Compositions for two guitars
Among Padowetz's five guitar duets, four of them (op.3, op.10 and op.18) require one terz-guitar.
Der Carneval von Venedig mit concertanten Variationen, Op.62
Deux polonaises Op.3
Polonaise Op.3 No.1
Polonaise Op.3 No.2
Premier grand rondeau Op.10
Première grande polonaise Op.18
Compositions for solo guitar
Padowetz composed a large amount of guitar solos: numerous demanding works in forms of variations and fantasias mainly on operatic themes (most of them published in Vienna and some in Paris), but also a lot of short and easy pieces which mainly remained in manuscripts.
Moderato
Mazurka
Rondoletto Op.53
6 Easy Pieces Op.6
Marsch
Monferino
Thema
Polonaise
Ungarischer
(untitled)
Introduction et variations sur un air national hongrois Op.9
Introduction et variations sur un thême favoris de l'opera (Donizetti's Lucrezia Borgia) Op.61
Introduction und Variationen für die Guitare über die beliebte Cavatine (L'amo ah l'amo e m'e pio cara, from Bellini's opera Montechi u. Capuleti) Op.13
Variations brillantes Op.2
Variations pour la guitare sur l'air (Quant je quittai la Normandie = Eh ich die Normandie verlassen, from Giacomo Meyerbeer's opera Robert le diable) Op.25
Variations sur la valse favorite de Franz Schubert Op.4
Introduction & Variations (on a theme from Bellini's Sonnambula) Op.52
Fantasy Op.23
Variations Op.1
Introduction & Variations Op.14
Variations Op.16
CD Recordings
Variations sur in valse favorit de Fr. Schubert, Op. 4, performed by Karl Michelson (Sapere Aude Record, CD, 2021)
Musings (Duo Erato (Martha Masters & Risa Carlson))
Ivan Padovec - Joyful music for guitar (Darko Petrinjak & Maroje Brčić) link
Ivan Eugen Padovec: The Longing (Aulos Varaždin) link
Ivan Padovec – Chaplet of Songs (Aulos Varaždin) link
Ivan Padovec 2000 (Aulos Varaždin) link
Ivan Padovec - Work for soprano and guitar 2015 (Dominika Zamara sopran, Stanley Alexandrowicz)
External links
List of compositions by Ivan Padovec
extensive monograph of Ivan Padovec, written by Josip Bažant
old sheet music and few handwritings on Europeana
Johann Padowetz Collection
Zwei Concertini von Johann Padowetz (Ivan Padovec) für Terzgitarre und Streicher. Zur Wiederentdeckung der verschollenen Werke (HACKL_103_112.pdf)
FREE SHEET MUSIC - Padowetz, Johann
Free sheet music of Johann Padowetz
Johann Padowetz: Concert Variations on 'The Carnival of Venice' (Editions ORPHÉE)
Padovec: Second Concertino
publication (with Stefan Hackl and Gerhard Penn) of two Concertinos for terz guitar and string orchestra by Johann Padowetz
Ivan Padovec redivivus
Ivan Padovec, hrvatski gitarist europskog ugleda
People from Varaždin
1800 births
1873 deaths
Composers for the classical guitar
Croatian classical guitarists
History of Varaždin
19th-century guitarists |
"Beautiful Soul" is a song by American singer and actor Jesse McCartney. It was released as his debut single and the lead single from his debut album, Beautiful Soul (2004), on September 14, 2004, in the United States. The song reached number one in Australia, number two in New Zealand, and number 16 in the US. It also charted in several European countries in 2005 and 2006, reaching the top 20 in Austria, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. "Beautiful Soul" is certified gold in New Zealand and the United States and platinum in Australia.
Music video
The music video for "Beautiful Soul" was directed by Marc Webb. The video is heavily influenced by the film Y Tu Mamá También directed by Alfonso Cuarón. The video features several scenes that are lifted from Cuarón's film.
Chart performance
The song debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 chart of December 11, 2004, at number 72, eventually peaking at number 16 on the chart and becoming McCartney's most successful single on the Hot 100 until "Leavin'" reached number 10 in 2008. Outside the United States, the song performed moderately well in Europe, peaking within the top 40 of many European charts including those of Austria, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. In the Australasia region, "Beautiful Soul" was a major chart success.
On February 27, 2005, the song first charted at number 14 on Australia's ARIA chart. It entered the top 10 the next week, then reached number three on April 3. The next week, it reached the number-one position, dethroning Anthony Callea's "Rain"/"Bridge over Troubled Water". The single spent four weeks at number one, then fell 14 places to number 15 on May 8, the third-biggest fall from the top spot in ARIA chart history. The single spent only one more week on the chart before leaving the top 50, spending 12 weeks on the chart in total and appearing at number 19 on Australia's year-end chart.
In New Zealand, the song debuted within the top 10 on March 14, 2005, at number seven. It then spent the next 13 weeks rising and falling in the top 10, spending at single week at number two on the week dated May 2. It exited the top 10 on June 6, then made its final appearance in the top 40 at number 33 on July 11. Altogether, the song spent 18 weeks in the top 40 and ended the year as New Zealand's 13th best-selling single.
Track listings
Australian and New Zealand CD single
"Beautiful Soul"
"The Stupid Things" (acoustic version)
UK CD1 and European CD single
"Beautiful Soul" – 3:16
"Without U" – 3:11
UK CD2
"Beautiful Soul" (radio edit) – 3:15
"Get Your Shine On" – 3:11
"Beautiful Soul" (Drew Ferrante Mix) – 3:34
"Beautiful Soul" (video) – 3:17
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
Release history
In popular culture
On an episode of Celebrity Duets, he sang the song in a duet with US Olympic Gymnast Carly Patterson. McCartney also sang this song on the Disney Channel sitcom The Suite Life of Zack & Cody with its episode "Rock Star in the House" and on What I Like About You with its episode "The Not-So Simple Life". It was featured on movie and TV soundtracks for That's So Raven, Sydney White, and A Cinderella Story.
References
External links
2004 songs
2004 debut singles
Jesse McCartney songs
Number-one singles in Australia
Song recordings produced by Greg Wells
Music videos directed by Marc Webb
Hollywood Records singles
Songs written by Adam Watts (musician)
Songs written by Andy Dodd |
"Home Again" is a song by British soul musician Michael Kiwanuka, from his debut studio album Home Again. It was released as his debut single in the United Kingdom via digital download on 1 January 2012. On 8 January 2012 the song entered the UK Singles Chart at number 37, going on to 29 the following week.
Music video
A music video to accompany the release of "Home Again" was first released onto YouTube on 18 November 2011.
Track listing
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
Release history
References
2011 songs
2012 debut singles
Michael Kiwanuka songs
Polydor Records singles
Songs written by Jamie Scott
Songs written by Michael Kiwanuka |
Darkwing Duck is an American animated superhero comedy television series produced by Disney Television Animation (formerly Walt Disney Television Animation) that first ran from 1991 to 1992 on both the syndicated programming block The Disney Afternoon and Saturday mornings on ABC. A total of ninety-one episodes were aired. It features the adventures of Darkwing Duck, who is the superheroic alter-ego of ordinary suburban duck Drake Mallard.
Though it was originally thought by some fans to be a spin-off of the 1987 DuckTales series, creator Tad Stones stated in a 2016 report that he believes the two shows exist in different universes. Despite this, supporting characters Launchpad McQuack and Gizmoduck appear in both series in similar roles, and Scrooge McDuck is mentioned in the Darkwing Duck episode "Tiff of the Titans", and thus established a relation to both shows. Additionally, the 2011 comic book series DuckTales makes reference to Darkwing Duck and features various villains from the series. A crossover between the Darkwing Duck and DuckTales comics occurs in issues 17–18 and issues 5–6, respectively, of each. A reboot of the series is in development for Disney+.
Premise
Darkwing Duck tells the adventures of the titular superhero, aided by his sidekick and pilot Launchpad McQuack (from DuckTales). In his secret identity of Drake Mallard (a parody of Kent Allard, the alter ego of the Shadow), he lives in an unassuming suburban house with his adopted daughter Gosalyn, next door to the dim-witted Muddlefoot family. Darkwing struggles to balance his egotistical craving for fame and attention against his desire to be a good father to Gosalyn and help do good in St. Canard. Most episodes put these two aspects of Darkwing's character in direct conflict, though Darkwing's better nature usually prevails.
The show was the first Disney Afternoon series to emphasize action rather than adventure, with Darkwing routinely engaging in slapstick battles with both supervillains and street criminals. While conflict with villains was routine in earlier Disney Afternoon shows, actual fight scenes were relatively rare.
Darkwing Duck was also the first Disney Afternoon property that was produced completely as a genre parody. Prior shows would contain elements of parody in certain episodes, but would otherwise be straight-faced adventure concepts, this in the tradition of Carl Barks' work in the Disney comics. By contrast, every episode of Darkwing Duck is laden with references to superhero, pulp adventure, or super-spy fiction. Darkwing Duck himself is a satirical character. His costume, gas gun and flashy introductions are all reminiscent of pulp heroes and Golden Age superheroes such as The Shadow, The Sandman, Doc Savage, Batman, The Green Hornet and the Julius Schwartz Flash, as well as The Lone Ranger and Zorro. The fictional city of St. Canard is a direct parody of Gotham City. ("Canard" is the French word for "duck".)
Episodes
Characters
Production
Darkwing Duck was developed as a last-minute replacement with concept artwork by Michael Peraza for a proposed reboot of The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show, when the management team realized that Disney did not own the rights to the characters (Disney merely held home video rights to the series).
The show was a spin-off of the very successful series DuckTales. Darkwing Duck entered production roughly one year after DuckTales ended. Darkwing Duck was inspired by two specific episodes of DuckTales: "Double-O-Duck" starring Launchpad McQuack as a secret agent, and "The Masked Mallard" in which Scrooge McDuck becomes a masked vigilante superhero wearing a purple uniform and cape. The name "The Masked Mallard" became an epithet often used in the new show to refer to Darkwing himself.
Tad Stones was directed to come up with a series for The Disney Afternoon around the premise of Double-O-Duck, as an executive liked the title Double-O Duck as a spoof of James Bond and felt Launchpad McQuack would take the starring role. It turned out that the title Double-O Duck could not be used as the Broccoli family owned the 'double-o' title.
A new name was selected, "Darkwing Duck". Thus, Stones designed a new character for the lead, Drake Mallard, while selecting McQuack as the sidekick. This name would result in a new look (Double-O Duck was to wear a white tuxedo and black domino mask). Other elements of the show, such as Darkwing's habit of coining new catchphrases every time he announced himself, would be invented during production. (As an in-joke, the episode "A Duck by Any Other Name" had Drake suggest "Double-O Duck" as his new secret identity and Launchpad remarked that it "seems kinda silly".)
Where most prior Disney Afternoon series included at least some preexisting animated characters, Darkwing Duck featured a completely original cast. Even the DuckTales characters it reused had no counterpart in early Disney shorts or the comics. The only exception was the episode "In Like Blunt", which featured cameo appearances by the Beagle Boys, Flintheart Glomgold and Magica De Spell.
Broadcast history
Darkwing Duck first aired on The Disney Channel on March 31, 1991, as a "sneak preview", and then from April 6 into July 14 of that year as a regularly scheduled run on weekend mornings, as it was advertised to be "The newest animated TV series exclusively to The Disney Channel". In reality, this was a preview-run of the series before it aired on The Disney Afternoon.
The two-part episode "Darkly Dawns the Duck" originally aired as an hour-length TV special on September 6, 1991, as part of a larger syndicated TV special, The Darkwing Duck Premiere / Back to School with the Mickey Mouse Club. The film served as the show's pilot. Seasons 1 and 2 were aired simultaneously in the autumn of 1991. Season 1 aired in syndication as part of The Disney Afternoon block of shows. Seasons 2 and 3 aired on Saturday mornings on ABC. The final episode aired on December 12, 1992. Until ABC stopped airing reruns of the show in September 1993 and it was replaced by Sonic the Hedgehog (Sat-AM) series., But All episodes remained in syndicated reruns on The Disney Afternoon until 1995 and then returned to the line-up from 1996 to 1997.
Starting on October 2, 1995, Darkwing Duck was rerun on The Disney Channel as part of a two-hour programming block called "Block Party" which aired on weekdays in the late-afternoon/early-evening and which also included TaleSpin, DuckTales, and Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers. On September 3, 1996, Darkwing Duck was dropped from the beginning of the block when Goof Troop was added to the end.
The series was last seen in the U.S. on Toon Disney on January 19, 2007, as part of the Toon Disney Wild Card Stack. Certain episodes from the show's original run rarely re-aired while the show was on Toon Disney. These episodes appear to have been removed for content reasons. The most prominent of the rarely seen episodes is "Hot Spells", which was never re-aired after its initial broadcast on ABC because of its religiously sensitive subject matter.
Darkwing Duck was one of the first American animated TV series to be officially broadcast in syndication in the former Soviet Union.
The show formerly aired on Disney XD in international territories such as the Netherlands and Germany.
The show also airs on the Disney+ streaming service, with the exception of the banned episode "Hot Spells".
Home media
VHS releases
Four VHS cassettes, each containing one or two episodes (a total of 6 episodes) of Darkwing Duck, were released under the title Darkwing Duck: His Favorite Adventures in the United States on March 23, 1993, individually titled "Darkly Dawns the Duck", "Justice Ducks Unite!", "Comic Book Capers" and "Birth of Negaduck!". However, most countries around the world only received releases of "Darkly Dawns the Duck" and "Justice Ducks Unite!" Each video came with two "glow-in-the-Darkwing" trading cards. Featured on the cards were Darkwing Duck, Launchpad, Gosalyn, Honker, Negaduck, Bushroot, Megavolt, and Taurus Bulba. The videotapes also included a Darkwing Duck music video which played at the end of each tape.
Additionally, on September 28, 1993, the Darkwing Duck episode "It's a Wonderful Leaf" was released together with the Goof Troop episode "Have Yourself a Goofy Little Christmas" on one VHS cassette as a special release called Happy Holidays with Darkwing Duck and Goofy! On September 3, 1996, the Darkwing Duck episode "Ghoul of My Dreams" was released together with the Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers episode "Good Times, Bat Times" on one VHS cassette as a special release called Witcheroo!
Australia and New Zealand releases
Seven VHS cassettes containing 12 episodes of the series were released in Australia and New Zealand.
DVD releases
Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released a three-disc DVD box set entitled "Darkwing Duck - Volume 1" on August 29, 2006. It included 25 episodes, plus the two-part pilot "Darkly Dawns the Duck", as opposed to the uncut version's release on VHS. The second volume, containing the next 27 episodes, was released on August 7, 2007. The sets do not contain any special features. It is currently unknown if Disney has any intentions of releasing the remaining 37 episodes on DVD. No official releases have been made outside of the United States and Canada.
Video on demand
United States
As of September 2019, the majority of the series is available for purchase on the iTunes Store and Google TV, with the lone exception of the banned episode "Hot Spells". They are listed in 6 separate volumes (with Seasons 2 and 3 individually representing the last two volumes), which on the iTunes Store can also be bought in a pack other than individual purchases or a complete series pack at the price of $40 for all 90 available episodes.
In addition, the Darkwing Duck series (with the exception of the episode "Hot Spells") can also be viewed on the Disney+ streaming service, which has been on the streaming service since its launch on November 12, 2019.
International
The entire series (including the episode "Hot Spells") is currently available for purchase on Amazon Prime Video and on Disney+ in Germany. The first season (comprising the show's first two seasons) is available in six volumes while the second season (comprising the third season) is available in one volume.
Reception
Critical reception
On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the first season holds an approval of 83% based on 6 reviews, with an average rating of 7.00/10.
Nigel Mitchell of CBR.com stated, "He was the terror that flapped in the night. He was the fingernail that scraped the blackboard of your soul. He was Darkwing Duck, and he made a generation laugh and thrill with his crazy adventures. Following the success of "Ducktales," the 1992 TV show "Darkwing Duck" was one of the first action-oriented shows on Disney's block, and wasn't like any other show on TV." Amanda Dyer of Common Sense Media rated the series 4 out of 5 stars, writing, "Darkwing Duck is a 1990s Disney animated comedy that has slapstick cartoon violence (including weapon use) and mild name calling. It follows the heroic yet self-serving antics of cartoon duck superhero Darkwing Duck as he battles various wacky supervillains with his sidekick, Launchpad McQuack."
Darkwing Duck was named the 93rd Best Animated Series by IGN, calling it "one of the many reasons why after-school cartoons rule." "Torgo's Pizzeria Podcast" gave a favorable retrospective review to Darkwing Duck in April 2012; the podcast did however note some weaknesses with the series. Nick Caruso of TVLine lists the theme song from the series, performed by longtime Disney Afternoon veteran Jeff Pescetto, among the best animated series themes of all time.
Accolades
In other media
Video games
Darkwing Duck video game was released by Capcom on the Nintendo Entertainment System and the Game Boy as a platform side-scroller. The game was developed for the NES in 1992 and was ported to the Game Boy in 1993. The Game Boy version is essentially a slightly stripped-down version of the game.
Darkwing Duck (a different game with the same title) was also released for the TurboGrafx-16 in 1992 as an action side-scroller.
A Disney's Darkwing Duck hand-held LCD game from Tiger Electronics was also released in 1992.
Darkwing Duck (yet another game with the same title) was released for various touchscreen mobile phones as a platform side-scroller in 2010.
Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes (2.0 Edition) has two power discs that were released for the game, "Darkwing Duck's Grappling Gun" and "Darkwing Duck's Ratcatcher". Darkwing Duck himself is a townsperson in the 2.0 Toy Box. Darkwing Duck was close to being a playable character in 2.0 but was eventually scrapped.
Disney Infinity 3.0 had Darkwing Duck close to being a playable character but lost to Olaf in the fan polls for the initial wave of Disney characters for 3.0. However, Darkwing was one of the characters listed on the official fan poll for Disney Infinity that was conducted during the 3.0 life cycle to determine new characters for future installments. Despite being one of the most desired characters, the character will not make it in the game due to the game's cancellation.
Darkwing Duck was added to Disney Emoji Blitz in 2017 with Scrooge and Launchpad.
Darkwing Duck was added to Disney Heroes: Battle Mode in January 2019 as a 2-star hero and the first character from Disney Television Animation. Megavolt was added to the game in November 2019 as a 2-star hero. Quackerjack was added to the game in June 2021 as a 1-star hero.
Comic books
Disney Comics published a four-issue Darkwing Duck comic book mini-series in late 1991, right around the time of the show's syndicated premiere. This mini-series was an adaptation of a draft of the script for "Darkly Dawns the Duck". Like the TaleSpin comic before it, it was meant to spin off a regular comic series, but the Disney Comics implosion happening at the time prevented that plan. However, Darkwing Duck stories were regularly printed in Disney Adventures magazine between the November 1991 and January 1996 issues. Additionally, Darkwing Duck stories were also regularly featured in Marvel Comics' short-lived Disney Afternoon comic book.
BOOM! Studios
On March 13, 2010, BOOM! Studios announced that they would be releasing a four-issue Darkwing Duck miniseries, titled "The Duck Knight Returns", starting in June of that year. The series was written by Aaron Sparrow (uncredited), Ian Brill and drawn by James Silvani, and was set one year after the end of the show. BOOM! later announced that due to positive fan reaction, the comic series would be extended indefinitely as an ongoing title. This first trade paperback collection of the initial four issues of the comic was released in the fall of 2010
Unlike the original show, the comic strengthened Darkwing Duck'''s ties to the parent show DuckTales and began to use a number of Carl Barks characters like Magica De Spell (allied to Negaduck in the second story) and cameoing Scrooge McDuck and Gyro Gearloose. A 4-part crossover story with Disney's DuckTales, titled "Dangerous Currency", was released with parts 1 and 3 for DuckTales #5 and #6, and parts 2 and 4 for Darkwing Duck #17 and #18. The comic also made a lot of homages to other Disney shows: Magica's powered up form in #7 has emblems that reference film villains like Hades and Jafar, someone holds a sign saying "Bring Back Bonkers" in the background of #6, and #3 shows Launchpad tried to get a job with Gadget Hackwrench of the Rescue Rangers from Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers.
The eighteenth issue, which shipped in October 2011, was the end of the series due to BOOM! Studios prematurely losing the Disney Comics license. Darkwing Duck Vol. 5 "Dangerous Currency" crossover, released in November 2011, was the final printing.
Joe Books
On January 20, 2016, it was reported that the series would be returning to the comic book format. Writers Aaron Sparrow and artist James Silvani, both of whom worked on the previous Darkwing Duck comic book that was published by Boom! returned to this comic. Additionally Andrew Dalhouse, Deron Bennett and Jesse Post assumed their roles on the creative team, with R. Janice Orlando, who worked on The Definitively Dangerous Edition, returning as Assistant Editor. Darkwing Duck is now wearing a purple necktie instead of his usual turtleneck.
The first issue debuted on April 27, 2016. Titled "Orange is the New Purple". The comic was cancelled after eight issues due to poor sales.
IDW Publishing
On July 25, 2018, it was announced that the Boom! Studios would be reprinted in Disney's Afternoon Giant. The first issue will be released in October 2018.
Comic creatorship
Throughout the run of BOOM! Studios' Darkwing Duck comic series, there was controversy as to who was responsible for the series. Editor Aaron Sparrow is largely credited with the idea to relaunch the property and has claimed to have plotted the first arc and come up with many of the concepts for following story arcs. This has been publicly disputed by Boom and credited series writer Ian Brill. However, artist James Silvani has publicly credited Sparrow not only with the idea of bringing the series back, but assisting him in ghost-writing much of the series and changing a lot of the concepts Brill brought to the series following Sparrow's departure from BOOM! Studios. This seems to be further corroborated by the fact that Sparrow and Silvani have both stated they did not write any of the final arc of the series, "Dangerous Currency", which was largely panned by fans for having many glaring character inconsistencies, particularly in the case of the character Gizmoduck.Darkwing Duck creator Tad Stones has also publicly credited Sparrow as bringing the character back in a 2010 BOOM Kids! "Get A Sketch" panel at Comic-Con International. Sparrow continues to make public appearances with Silvani and Stones, and Brill does not. In a 2011 livestream interview Tad Stones admitted he was unhappy with later issues of the series, and particularly criticized the election arc, which he "tried to talk them out of". When questioned on whether he had read the entire comic series he stated: "Not the later stuff. I applaud what James tried to do. I hear he saved them but I thought the central premises were wrong."
Sparrow served as moderator at the 2013 Comic-Con panel "25 Years of the Disney Afternoon: The Continuing Legacy", which featured Tad Stones, voice actors Jim Cummings and Rob Paulsen, TaleSpin creator Jymn Magon, and Darkwing Duck comic artist James Silvani, associations which would seem to further corroborate his version of events.
In 2013, Disney European publisher Egmont Group released a compendium of several of the BOOM! Studios Darkwing Duck stories, including "The Duck Knight Returns", "Crisis On Infinite Darkwings", and "F.O.W.L. Disposition". Aaron Sparrow's story credits were not only restored, but he and Silvani created an all-new 3-page introduction, and Brill's dialogue was replaced with original dialogue by Sparrow.
On October 22, 2014, comic news website Bleeding Cool announced that the first 16 issues of Darkwing Duck would be packaged together and published in an omnibus by Joe Books. On his Tumblr account, Silvani stated that the omnibus would be a remastered edition, featuring revised art, a new epilogue, and that the script had been "painstakingly rewritten" by Sparrow. It was also announced that the omnibus would lead into a new monthly series written by Sparrow and drawn by Silvani, with no involvement by Brill. The omnibus only collects the first 16 issues and the annual, omitting the final "Dangerous Currency" crossover with DuckTales, seeming to further call into question Brill's claims of sole authorship.
On January 18, 2016, Joe Books Twitter feed reported that Darkwing Duck would be returning to monthly comics beginning in April 2016 with Sparrow and Silvani at the helm.
According to Silvani's Twitter account, "Dangerous Currency" has been declared non-canon by Disney, and will not be referenced within the new series.
Dynamite Entertainment
A new comic book series based on the show, which is written by Amanda Deibert and illustrated by Carlo Cid Lauro instead of the team from the previous comic, began publication at Dynamite Entertainment in January 2023. In addition, Dynamite will re-release the original 1991 comic book run.
Dynamite Entertainment revealed a new comic series in June 2023 featuring Negaduck would be released in September written by Jeff Parker and illustrated by Ciro Cangialosi.
Dynamite Entertainment announced another comic series in September 2023 featuring the Justice Ducks would be released in December written by Roger Langridge and illustrated by Carlo Lauro.
Cameos on other television series
Goof Troop (1992–1993): Quackerjack makes a cameo on Max's watch in the episode "Axed by Addition". In some episodes, Darkwing Duck makes a cameo on the comics and on TV.
Raw Toonage (1992): Gosalyn made a guest appearance.
Bonkers (1993–1994): In a dream sequence, Bonkers accepts an award for best cartoon crime-fighter from Darkwing, who is jealous he did not win it himself. Darkwing later makes three more cameos in three other Bonkers episodes.
Aladdin (1994–1995): In the episode "My Fair Aladdin", the Genie transformed into Darkwing Duck.
Quack Pack (1996):
Robot Chicken (2011): In the episode "Kramer vs. Showgirls", a "Where Are They Now" segment revolves around cartoon characters from the 1990s, including Darkwing Duck. Launchpad was killed in a mishap with US Airways Flight 1549 and when Gosalyn needed a kidney transplant, Darkwing donated his body to a Chinese restaurant where he was cooked alive.
Funny or Die had an April Fool's sketch in 2013 where lead voice actor Jim Cummings tried to crowdfund a Darkwing Duck animated film created all by himself.
DuckTales
In the DuckTales reboot, Darkwing Duck plays a major recurring role. At first, it appeared as an old television show which Launchpad McQuack is a fan of. The show itself first appears in the episode "Beware the B.U.D.D.Y. System!", which depicts Darkwing fighting Quackerjack, the Liquidator, and Megavolt. While watching the episode, Launchpad states that the actor portraying Darkwing is "an old school actor who did all his own stunts" named Jim Starling – a spoof of his voice actor, Jim Cummings; who reprises his role as the character alongside Michael Bell as Quackerjack. Other references include St. Canard's name being stated in the premiere episode and the name of the evil organization F.O.W.L. appearing as Easter eggs. Additionally, both F.O.W.L. and S.H.U.S.H. appeared in "From the Confidential Case Files of Agent 22!" The end-credits theme of Darkwing Duck appears in "The Last Crash of the Sunchaser!" as part of the show-within-a-show. In "Friendship Hates Magic", Launchpad and Mrs. Beakley watch a Darkwing Duck episode based on an actual episode, "The Haunting of Mr. Banana Brain", featuring Paddywhack.
Darkwing's first major role is in "The Duck Knight Returns", with Drake Mallard (Chris Diamantopoulos) replacing Jim Starling as Darkwing in a movie produced by Scrooge McDuck. After an insane Starling's attempt to kill Mallard results in the set's explosion and the former's presumed death, the movie is canceled. However, Launchpad convinces Drake to become a real superhero, while Starling, having secretly survived the explosion, becomes Negaduck. Drake later reappears in "Moonvasion!" to help thwart the Moonlanders, and at the end of the episode, F.O.W.L. plots to eliminate Scrooge and his family following the trouble they essentially caused; with Steelbeak (Jason Mantzoukas) among their ranks. Darkwing features prominently in the two-part episode "Let's Get Dangerous!", which introduces new incarnations of Gosalyn (Stephanie Beatriz) and Taurus Bulba (James Monroe Iglehart). In the series finale "The Last Adventure!" Drake and Gosalyn attend Webby Vanderquack's birthday party before assisting the Duck family in their final battle against F.O.W.L., during which the pair battle Steelbeak.
Films
Darkwing makes a cameo at the end of Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers, with Cummings reprising his role. He appears during a mid-credits scene, annoyed at the Rescue Rangers' newly regained fame and trying to attract attention to himself.
Reboot
On April 2, 2015, a rumor surfaced that Disney would be rebooting the series for a 2018 premiere on Disney XD. The report was debunked as an April Fools' prank. Instead, Darkwing Duck returned as a comic book published by Joe Books, which was released on April 27, 2016.
A Darkwing Duck'' reboot is in development for Disney+. Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg will executive produce the project via Point Grey Pictures. Tad Stones revealed that he is involved in the reboot series as a creative consultant.
See also
List of anthropomorphic animal superheroes
Paperinik
References
Bibliography
External links
1990s American animated television series
1990s American daily animated television series
1990s American superhero comedy television series
1991 American television series debuts
1992 American television series endings
American Broadcasting Company original programming
American children's animated action television series
American children's animated adventure television series
American children's animated comedy television series
American children's animated mystery television series
American children's animated science fantasy television series
American children's animated superhero television series
American animated television spin-offs
Animated television series about ducks
Animal superheroes
Boom! Studios titles
Crossover animated television series
American detective television series
YTV (Canadian TV channel) original programming
Playmates Toys
Disney Channel original programming
DuckTales
English-language television shows
First-run syndicated television programs in the United States
Parody superheroes
Television series by Disney Television Animation
Television series set in 1991
The Disney Afternoon
Toon Disney original programming
Television shows adapted into comics
Television shows adapted into video games
Disney comics titles
Television series created by Tad Stones |
```python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
'''
,
'''
class TreeNode:
def __init__(self, x):
self.val = x
self.left = None
self.right = None
class Solution:
def widthOfTree(self, pRoot):
if pRoot == None:
return 0
nodeQue = [pRoot]
levelCount, level, maxNum = {0: 1}, 0, 1
while len(nodeQue):
tempQue = nodeQue[:levelCount[level]]
curNodeNum = 0
while len(tempQue) > 0:
tempQue.pop(0)
pNode = nodeQue.pop(0)
if pNode.left:
nodeQue.append(pNode.left)
curNodeNum += 1
if pNode.right:
nodeQue.append(pNode.right)
curNodeNum += 1
level += 1
if level not in levelCount.keys():
levelCount[level] = curNodeNum
if curNodeNum > maxNum:
maxNum = curNodeNum
return maxNum
pNode1 = TreeNode(1)
pNode2 = TreeNode(2)
pNode3 = TreeNode(3)
pNode4 = TreeNode(4)
pNode5 = TreeNode(5)
pNode6 = TreeNode(6)
pNode7 = TreeNode(7)
pNode1.left = pNode2
pNode1.right = pNode3
pNode2.left = pNode4
pNode2.right = pNode5
pNode3.right = pNode6
pNode3.left = pNode7
S = Solution()
width = S.widthOfTree(pNode1)
print(width)
``` |
The Disappearance is a 1977 British-Canadian thriller film directed by Stuart Cooper and starring Donald Sutherland, Francine Racette, David Hemmings
and John Hurt. It is based on the novel Echoes of Celandine by Derek Marlowe.
Plot
Jay Mallory is a contract killer living in Montréal who works for an unknown international criminal organization. He returns home to his downtown apartment one cold winter day to find that his wife, Celandine, is gone. Mallory initially thinks that Celandine has left him of her own volition, since their marriage was a sometimes stormy, albeit passionate, relationship. However, Mallory's main point of contact at the Organization, Burbank, indicates that Celandine's disappearance may be somehow associated with Mallory's last hit. Shortly after their discussion, Burbank himself disappears.
The Organization assigns Mallory another job in Suffolk, England. Mallory feels that there is something unusual about this job - he is given little initial information, including not knowing who is the target - and that it is associated with Celandine's disappearance. Despite feeling that he may be being set up, Mallory decides to take the job anyway to see how it plays out and if it leads him back to Celandine. Meanwhile, he has been told that his missing wife had an affair with an Englishman named Roland Deverell.
Mallory flies to London as instructed. He meets his new contact, Atkinson, who gives him a weapon to be used for the assassination, which they refer to as a "shy". After renting a car and driving to rural Suffolk, Mallory begins to suspect that the Organization plans to betray him since Burbank informed him earlier that the Organization often "retires" operatives who are deemed no longer trustworthy or useful.
Mallory visits the wife of Roland Deverell, Catherine, who says her husband is a serial womaniser, but that his affair with Celandine seemed exclusive and genuine. While at Catherine's house, Mallory receives a phone call from Atkinson, who passes on details of the assassination including the target's name, Roland Deverell.
After breaking into the large country house of his target, Mallory is surprised and held at gunpoint by Deverell, who says he is the Organization's head whom Mallory has never met. Deverell tells Mallory he has been expecting him to show up. He says that Celandine has been having an affair with himself for a long time, that she left England the day before Mallory arrived, and that she orchestrated the hit. When Deverell attempts to kill Mallory, Mallory succeeds in killing him instead. He returns to London and flies back to Canada.
After arriving at his apartment in Montréal, Mallory finds that Celandine has returned. She tells him that she was involved with Deverell out of frustration due to their failing marriage and that she later, through the Organization's various channels and middle men, arranged for Mallory to assassinate Deverell so she could be free of him and Mallory could leave the Organization. Mallory seems to accept this, and he and Celandine make love.
The next morning, Mallory appears confident and happy. He decides to cook Celandine breakfast and leaves the apartment alone to go food shopping. A little later, as Mallory arrives outside his apartment with groceries, an unseen sniper shoots and kills him, startling Celandine inside.
Cast
Donald Sutherland - Jay Mallory
Francine Racette - Celandine
David Hemmings - Edward
John Hurt - Atkinson
David Warner - Burbank
Peter Bowles - Jefferies
Virginia McKenna - Catherine
Christopher Plummer - Deverell
Michèle Magny - Melanie
Duane Howard - James
Robin Sachs - Young Man
Additionally, Michael Eric Kramer made his acting debut in this film as Peter.
Production
Jake Eberts helped raise money for the film when some funds ran out at the last minute.
Shot in 1977 in Montreal, this was film producer Garth Drabinsky's first production. According to film critic Jay Scott, Eric Boyd-Perkins originally edited the film; but the version released in Canadian cinemas in 1983 had been re-cut by "film doctor" Fima Noveck, who had "saved any number of other ailing" movies.
The film went over budget during filming and the completion guarantor had to step in.
Reception
Jay Scott dismissed the film as "irredeemably nasty, supremely glossy trash."
The film was a box office failure.
References
Notes
External links
1977 films
1970s thriller films
British thriller films
Canadian thriller films
English-language Canadian films
Films about contract killing
Films about missing people
Films directed by Stuart Cooper
1970s English-language films
1970s Canadian films
1970s British films |
```java
/*
This file is part of the iText (R) project.
Authors: Apryse Software.
This program is offered under a commercial and under the AGPL license.
For commercial licensing, contact us at path_to_url For AGPL licensing, see below.
AGPL licensing:
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
along with this program. If not, see <path_to_url
*/
package com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.annot;
import com.itextpdf.kernel.geom.Rectangle;
import com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfDictionary;
import com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfName;
class PdfPolylineAnnotation extends PdfPolyGeomAnnotation {
PdfPolylineAnnotation(Rectangle rect, float[] vertices) {
super(rect, vertices);
}
PdfPolylineAnnotation(PdfDictionary pdfObject) {
super(pdfObject);
}
@Override
public PdfName getSubtype() {
return PdfName.PolyLine;
}
}
``` |
The 2015 Florida State Seminoles football team, variously Florida State or FSU, represented Florida State University in the sport of American football during the 2015 NCAA Division I FBS college football season. Florida State competed in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Seminoles were led by sixth-year head coach Jimbo Fisher and played their home games at Bobby Bowden Field at Doak Campbell Stadium in Tallahassee, Florida. They were members of the Atlantic Coast Conference, playing in the Atlantic Division. It was the Seminoles' 24th season as a member of the ACC and its 11th in the ACC Atlantic Division.
Florida State came into the season after a two-year run (2013 and 2014) in which the Seminoles won 27 games with a pair of ACC Championships, a BCS National Title, an appearance in the College Football Playoff, a Heisman Trophy winner, and eighteen NFL Draft selections.
They finished the season 10–3, 6–2 in ACC play, to finish in second place in the Atlantic Division. They were invited to the Peach Bowl where they lost to Houston.
Florida State seniors – Giorgio Newberry, Derrick Mitchell, Nile Lawrence-Stample, Reggie Northrup, Terrance Smith, Tyler Hunter, Javien Elliott, Keelin Smith, Lamarcus Brutus and Cason Beatty – ended their college careers with 49 wins over the course of four seasons, becoming the winningest class in school history.
Before the season
Returning
Offense
The Seminoles returned three starters on offense:
Sean Maguire
Dalvin Cook
Mario Pender
Travis Rudolph
Ermon Lane
Roderick Johnson
Ryan Hoefield
Freddie Stevenson
Kermit Whitfield
Jesus Wilson
Defense
The Seminoles returned seven starters on defense:
Nile Lawrence-Stample
Jalen Ramsey
Lorenzo Featherston
DeMarcus Walker
Matthew Thomas
Jacob Pugh
Nate Andrews
Trey Marshall
Derrick Mitchell
Reggie Northrup
Terrance Smith
Tyler Hunter
Chris Casher
Derrick Nnadi
Marquez White
Lamarcus Brutus
Special teams
The Seminoles returned two starters on special teams:
Roberto Aguayo
Cason Beatty
Departures
Offense
Jameis Winston
Rashad Greene
Nick O'Leary
Karlos Williams
Christian Green
Josue Matias
Cameron Erving
Tre' Jackson
Bobby Hart
Austin Barron
Defense
Desmond Hollin
P. J. Williams
Mario Edwards Jr.
Ronald Darby
Eddie Goldman
Transfers
Everett Golson (from Notre Dame)
Offense
Ruben Carter (to Toledo)
John Franklin III (to East Mississippi CC/Auburn)
Isaiah Jones (to East Mississippi CC)
Defense
E.J. Levenberry (to Connecticut)
Recruiting class
Calvin Brewton, George Campbell, Derwin James, De'Andre Johnson, Jacques Patrick, Da'Vante Phillips and Josh Sweat were early enrollees.
Coaching changes
After the 2014 season, defensive ends coach Sal Sunseri took a job with the Oakland Raiders. He was replaced by University of Florida assistant Brad Lawing.
Spring game
Personnel
Coaching staff
Roster
Freshman quarterback De'Andre Johnson was dismissed from the team after being charged with a misdemeanor.
{| class="toccolours" style="text-align: left;"
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| colspan="11" style="background:#CEB888; color:#782F40; text-align:center;"| 2015 Florida State Seminoles
|-
|valign="top"|
Quarterback
6 Everett Golson – senior (6'0, 199)
10 Sean Maguire – junior (6'3, 221)
12 Deondre Francois – freshman (6'1, 203)
16 J.J. Cosentino – freshman (6'4, 239)
Running back
4 Dalvin Cook – sophomore (5'11, 202)
7 Mario Pender – junior (5'10, 196)
9 Jacques Patrick – freshman (6'2, 235)
23 Freddie Stevenson – junior (6'1, 241) (FB)
26 Jonathan Vickers – sophomore (6'1, 226)
Wide receiver
1 Ermon Lane – sophomore (6'3, 205)
3 Jesus Wilson – junior (5'10, 185)
5 Da'Vante Phillips – freshman (6'1, 210)
8 Kermit Whitfield – junior (5'8, 184)
11 George Campbell – freshman (6'4, 202)
13 Ja'Vonn Harrison – sophomore (6'2, 202)
15 Travis Rudolph – sophomore (6'1, 186)
18 Auden Tate – freshman (6'5, 216)
80 Nyqwan Murray – freshman (5'11, 171)
87 Jared Jackson – sophomore (6'2, 196)
Tight end
81 Ryan Izzo – freshman (6'5, 241)
83 Jalen Wilkerson – freshman (6'4, 253)
85 Jeremy Kerr – sophomore (6'6, 266)
88 Mavin Saunders – freshman (6'5, 248)
|width="25"|
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Offensive line
52 David Robbins – freshman (6'4, 322)
54 Alec Eberle – freshman (6'4, 294)
55 Chad Mavety – junior (6'5, 337)
57 Corey Martinez – freshman (6'4, 295)
59 Ryan Hoefield – sophomore (6'2, 299)
62 Ethan Frith – freshman (6'7, 299)
70 Cole Minshew – freshman (6'5, 340)
71 Brock Ruble – freshman (6'8, 307)
72 Kareem Are – junior (6'6, 334)
74 Derrick Kelly Jr. – freshman (6'5, 312)
75 Abdul Bello – freshman (6'6. 307)
77 Roderick Johnson – sophomore (6'7, 323)
78 Wilson Bell – sophomore (6'5, 316)
Defensive line
4 Giorgio Newberry – senior (6'6, 295)
9 Josh Sweat – freshman (6'5, 237)
11 Derrick Mitchell – senior (6'4, 305)
12 Arthur Williams – freshman (6'4, 318)
21 Chris Casher – junior (6'4, 256)
41 Lorenzo Featherston – sophomore (6'7, 229)
44 DeMarcus Walker – junior (6'3, 281)
55 Fredrick Jones – freshman (6'2, 304)
67 Adam Torres – freshman (6'4, 285)
86 Darvin Taylor – freshman (6'3, 308)
90 Demarcus Christmas – freshman (6'3, 301)
91 Derrick Nnadi – sophomore (6'1, 301)
92 Justin Shanks – junior (6'2 322)
95 Keith Bryant – sophomore (6'2, 294)
98 Rick Leonard – sophomore (6'7, 281)
99 Nile Lawrence-Stample – senior (6'1, 302)
|width="25"|
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Linebacker
5 Reggie Northrup – senior (6'1, 231)
6 Matthew Thomas – sophomore (6'3, 225)
16 Jacob Pugh – sophomore (6'4, 239)
18 Ro'Derrick Hoskins – sophomore (6'2, 238)
22 Tyrell Lyons – sophomore (6'1, 219)
24 Terrance Smith – senior (6'4, 230)
30 Sh'Mar Kilby-Lane – freshman (6'1, 212)
35 Lorenzo Phillips – junior (6'2, 225)
45 Delvin Purifoy – freshman (6'2, 257)
Defensive back
1 Tyler Hunter – senior (5'11, 198)
3 Derwin James – freshman (6'3, 212)
7 Ryan Green – junior (5'11, 201)
8 Jalen Ramsey – junior (6'1, 202)
10 Calvin Brewton – freshman (6'0, 178)
13 Marcus Lewis – freshman (6'1, 192)
14 Javien Elliott – senior (5'11, 176)
15 Tarvarus McFadden – freshman (6'2, 197) 19 A.J. Westbrook – freshman (6'0, 184) 20 Trey Marshall – sophomore (6'0, 207) 27 Marquez White – sophomore (6'0, 184) 28 Malique Jackson – sophomore (6'0, 176) 29 Nate Andrews – junior (6'0, 206) 37 Keelin Smith – Senior (6'3, 190) 42 Lamarcus Brutus – senior (6'0, 207)Special teams
19 Roberto Aguayo – junior (6'1, 204) (K)
38 Cason Beatty – senior (6'3, 215) (P) (H)
47 Stephen Gabbard – sophomore (6'3, 217) (LS)
|}
Depth chart
(Depth Chart Notations: Name, Year at FSU/total years of eligibility, Games started in 2014)
Media
Florida State football is broadcast on the Florida State University Seminoles Radio Network and the games are called by Gene Deckerhoff.
Statistics
Scores by quarter (all opponents)
Scores by quarter (ACC opponents)
Rankings
Season
Florida State was picked to finish second in the ACC Atlantic. Roberto Aguayo, Roderick Johnson, Jalen Ramsey, and Terrance Smith were named to the preseason All-ACC team.
Schedule
Game summaries
Texas State
South Florida
Boston College
Wake Forest
Miami (FL)
Louisville
Georgia Tech
Syracuse
Clemson
NC State
Chattanooga
Florida
Peach Bowl: Houston
Awards
Jacobs Blocking Trophy
Roderick Johnson
Jim Brown Award
Dalvin Cook
WatchlistsPlayersJohnny Unitas Award
Everett Golson
Lott Trophy
Jalen Ramsey
Maxwell Award
Dalvin Cook
Everett Golson
Bednarik Award
Jalen Ramsey
Terrance Smith
Lou Groza Award
Roberto Aguayo
Outland Trophy
Roderick Johnson
Nagurski Award
Jalen Ramsey
Terrance Smith
Jim Thorpe Award
Jalen Ramsey
Lombardi Award
Reggie Northrup
Terrance Smith
Roderick Johnson
Butkus Award
Reggie Northrup
Terrance Smith
Walter Camp Award
Everett Golson
Wuerffel Trophy
Roberto Aguayo
Doak Walker Award
Dalvin Cook
Ray Guy Award
Cason BeattyCoachesDodd Trophy
Jimbo Fisher
Bear Bryant Award
Jimbo Fisher
Pre-season All-Americans
Roberto Aguayo (Lindy's, Athlon, Phil Steele, Sporting News, CBS Sports, ESPN, Sports Illustrated)
Jalen Ramsey (Lindy's, Athlon, Phil Steele, Sporting News, Sports Illustrated)
Dalvin Cook (Athlon)
Terrance Smith (Phil Steele)
FinalistsPlayersBurlsworth Trophy
Javien ElliottCoaches''
Broyles Award
Charles Kelly
Quarterfinalists
Wuerffel Trophy
Cason Beatty
Lott Trophy
Jalen Ramsey
Semifinalists
Jim Thorpe Award
Jalen Ramsey
Maxwell Award
Dalvin Cook
Bednarik Award
Jalen Ramsey
Lou Groza Award
Roberto Aguayo
Lott Trophy
Jalen Ramsey
Doak Walker Award
Dalvin Cook
Walter Camp Award
Dalvin Cook
Honors
ACC Player of the Week
Everett Golson (offensive back)
Dalvin Cook (offensive back)
Roderick Johnson (offensive lineman)
Jalen Ramsey (defensive back)
Roberto Aguayo (Specialist)
Terrance Smith (Linebacker)
Trey Marshall (defensive back)
DeMarcus Walker (defensive lineman)
Kermit Whitfield (Receiver)
Jacob Pugh (Linebacker)
Travis Rudolph (Receiver)
Jacques Patrick (rookie)
Derwin James (defensive back)
DeMarcus Walker (defensive lineman)
In addition to conference honors, Dalvin Cook has been recognized by the Walter Camp Foundation and the Football Writers Association.
All-ACC
All-Americans
Jalen Ramsey was named a consensus All-American.
All-Star games
NFL draft
The following players were selected in the 2016 NFL Draft:
The following players signed as undrafted free agents:
Everett Golson joined the practice squad of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in the Canadian Football League.
References
Bibliography
2015 Florida State Seminoles Football Media Guide
External links
Season statistics
Florida State
Florida State Seminoles football seasons
Florida State Seminoles football |
Ghammas or Al Ghammas () is a town in Al-Shamiya District, Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq. It is located on the Al-Shamiya branch of the Euphrates river, approximately 22 km south of district capital Al-Shamiya.
Notes
Populated places in Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate. |
Arwā bint Kurayz () was the mother of Uthman ibn Affan, a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and the third of the Rashidun or "Rightly Guided Caliphs".
Ancestry
Arwa was the daughter of Kurayz ibn Rabi'ah ibn Habib ibn Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf, so she was of Banu Abd-Shams, a sub-clan of the tribe of Quraysh. Arwa's mother was Umm Hakim bint Abd al-Muttalib, so Arwa was a cousin of Muhammad.
Children
Arwa married Affan ibn Abi al-'As and bore him Uthman and Amina. After the death of Affan, Arwa married Uqba ibn Abu Mu'ayt, to whom she bore al-Walid, 'Ammara, Khalid, Umm Kulthum, Umm Hakim and Hind.
Biography
Arwa bint Kurayz converted to Islam and emigrated to Medina after her daughter, Umm Kulthum bint Uqba. She gave allegiance to Muhammad, and remained in Madina, until she died during the caliphate of her son, Uthman ibn Affan.
See also
Adnan
Adnanite Arabs
Family tree of Uthman
Banu Hashim
References
Sahabah ancestors
6th-century Arab people
Banu Abd Shams |
Raleigh Little Theatre (RLT) is a community theatre in Raleigh, North Carolina, that produces 10 to 11 full productions annually and conducts youth and adult theatre education programs.
About
Raleigh Little Theatre was established in 1936 to provide community theatre performances and opportunities for residents. RLT produces 11 shows each season, professionally supported by complete on-site costume and scene shops, along with a full and part-time professional staff of 16 and more than 600 community volunteers. With the largest subscription base of any community theatre in the area (3,000+), RLT serves more than 40,000 people with shows each season. A total of 10 to 11 shows are produced annually, professionally supported by complete on-site costume and scene shops.
History
Raleigh Little Theatre started in 1935-36 when a group of Raleigh performers joined forces with technical workers from the Federal Theatre Project to bring community theatre to Raleigh. The theatre celebrated its 75th Anniversary Season in 2010–2011. The Piano Lesson, in October 2010, was the theatre's 600th production.
Then, civic leader Cantey Venable Sutton started the Works Progress Administration construction of the main theatre, amphitheatre, and Rose Garden. In 2000, the main theatre was named in honor of Sutton. RLT's annual performance awards, given each June, have been called "Canteys" in her honor for a number of decades.
RLT was the first community theatre in the South to cast actors of color during segregation.
Venues
The Raleigh Little Theatre facility includes three on-site venues: the 298-seat Cantey V. Sutton Theatre built in 1939; the outdoor 2000-seat RLT's Louise "Scottie" Stephenson Amphitheatre, also built in 1939; and the 150-seat Gaddy-Goodwin Teaching Theatre built in 1990.
Special events
Raleigh Little Theatre stages several special events throughout the year. Some of these are fundraisers for the theatre, others for social gatherings to recognize volunteers. Among these are:
Divas!
The Canteys
Costume Sale
Youth education programs
Each year, RLT serves more than 900 children and adults in its year-round on-site and satellite education programs through the Dianne Davidian Education Program. In addition, more than 1,000 Wake County students are served in the classroom, at youth organizations and on-site are reached through its RLT Blue Cross and Blue Shield of North Carolina Active Arts Outreach Program.
In 2003, RLT launched its RLT/Blue Cross and Blue Shield of North Carolina Arts Active Outreach Program to bring its award-winning, process-oriented, youth education program directly into the classroom. During the first six months of the program, more than 1,000 students had the opportunity to experience the theatrical arts either through workshops, in-classroom residencies or special performances in schools that otherwise would not have been possible.
Notable performers
Andy Griffith performed at RLT in the early 1940s
Frankie Muniz
Clay Aiken
Ava Gardner
Lachlan Watson
See also
List of contemporary amphitheatres
References
External links
Music venues in North Carolina
Theatres in Raleigh, North Carolina
Amphitheaters in North Carolina
Buildings and structures in Raleigh, North Carolina
Works Progress Administration in North Carolina
Tourist attractions in Raleigh, North Carolina |
Mexican Canadians (, ) are Canadian citizens of Mexican origin, either through birth or ethnicity, who reside in Canada. According to the 2021 Census, 55,380 Canadians indicated they were of full or partial Mexican ancestry (0.42% of the country's population). They are part of the broader Latin American Canadian community.
While the Mexico-origin population in Canada is relatively small, Canada has the third largest Mexican population after the United States and Mexico. Nevertheless, Canada's Mexican population is far behind that of the United States, where as of 2021 there were 38.2 million people of Mexican ancestry comprising 12.2% of the population (see Mexican Americans).
Demographics
The metropolitan areas with the largest populations of people with Mexico-related origins (2023) are: Montreal (40,795; 3.9%), Greater Toronto Area (60,969; 4.3%), Vancouver (30,995; 2.5%), Calgary (10,965; 1.4%), Edmonton (9,830; 1.3%), Ottawa (5,865; 0.9%). Brampton a suburb of Toronto contains a growing Mexican community migrating outside of the Toronto city limits.
Geographical extent
While approximately 5,000 people of Mexico origin enter Canada each year as temporary students or contract workers for agriculture. However, these are not counted as immigrants because of their explicitly temporary legal status. Unlike the United States’ Bracero program, the temporary-worker program in Canada has various mechanisms to discourage workers from overstaying their permits.
Migrant workers from Mexico are prevalent in Leamington, Ontario's cucumber and tomato harvesting industry. Leamington has one of the largest Mexico-born communities in Canada. There are 2,700 Mexican immigrants living in Leamington, as of 2011.
In the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Mexico-born labourers are employed in the wine and orchard industries. Kelowna has a sizeable community of Mexico-born. In the summer of 2016, about 2,000 of Mexico-origin labourers were working on Okanagan Valley farms. Langley, British Columbia has a Mexican population working and/or living in town, having a Hispanic grocery store, mainly Mexican, and Central and South American products.
Statistics
See also
Canadian Mexicans
Latin American Canadians
Spanish Canadians
Canada–Mexico relations
References
+
Ethnic groups in Canada
Latin American Canadian
Mexican diaspora in North America |
The 2017 Judo Grand Prix Tashkent was held at the Uzbekistan Tennis Courts in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, from 6 to 8 October 2017.
Medal summary
Men's events
Women's events
Source Results
Medal table
References
External links
2017 IJF World Tour
2017 Judo Grand Prix
Judo
Judo |
Olot () is the capital city of the comarca of Garrotxa, in the Province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain. The city is known for its natural landscape, including four volcanoes scattered around the city center. The municipality is part of the Zona Volcànica de la Garrotxa Natural Park. Olot is also well known for its cultural activity, with historical art movements like Olot school or factories of religious imagery, which contributed to the location in the city of the main Design and Arts & Crafts school of the province of Girona, the Escola d'Art i Superior de Disseny d'Olot.
Between 1911 and 1969, Olot was linked to Girona by the narrow gauge Olot–Girona railway. The line has since been converted into a greenway.
Etymology
The etymology of Olot is not clear and there are several hypotheses. According to the Crònica Universal de Catalunya, Olot was founded by Ulo, former king of the dynasty of Atlanteans, (then called Siculus), with the name of Ulot. Another theory, more widespread, is that the name comes from ala (wing in Catalan), because the city has been documented with the names Aulot and Alot. For this reason, the coat of arms of Olot has a wing in reference to the name of the city.
Situation
The municipality 29,12 km2 and includes the city of Olot and the town of Batet de la Serra (annexed in 1971). The term is located at 443.4 meters above sea level and is approximately 50 km from Girona, the capital of the province of the same name. It is bordered by Sant Joan les Fonts (north east), Santa Pau (south east), Les Preses (south west), Riudaura (west) and La Vall de Bianya (north west).
The municipality consists of the original city of Olot and old towns and neighbourhoods that now form a conurbation around the city (Sant Roc d'Olot, Sant Cristòfol de les Fonts, Sant Andreu del Coll, Closells) apart from different urbanisations (les Fonts, Mas Bernat, les Planoles, etc.) and the old municipality of Batet de la Serra, which was independent until 1971.
Geography and climate
Olot is located on a plain surrounded by the mountain ranges of Valentí, Aiguanegra, the plateau of Batet, Marboleny and Sant Valentí de la Pinya. The plain is crossed by the Fluvià river and the Riudaura stream. There are four volcanoes in the city of Olot, called Montolivet, Montsacopa, Garrinada and Bisaroques.
The Fluvià discharges 1.07 m3/s into the Mediterranean Sea.
The area of Garrotxa is generally more humid than neighbouring regions. The annual rainfall is around 1000 mm. Popularly, it is said that "if it isn't raining in Olot, it isn't raining anywhere" (Si no plou a Olot, no plou enlloc in Catalan). The minimum in Olot in January is around 0 °C, and the maximum in August is around 28 °C.
Population
Main sights
The Montsacopa volcano is one of the main symbols of Olot. It has a cone of volcanic material and a circular crater. From above, a 360° panoramic of the city can be seen. The volcano also has a chapel on its top, dedicated to Saint Francis, and two watchtowers surrounding the crater. The old town, which grew up in the 9th century, has a rich cultural heritage, including the three-storied neo-classical cloister from the Hospici (charity building), the church of la Mare de Déu del Tura (patron of Olot), the Renaissance cloister of El Carme (which is a site of National Cultural Interest), and the Sant Esteve Parish Church, which was built in 1763 and it contains several artistic treasures, including an original El Greco (Christ carrying the Cross). Also in the old town there are examples of Art Nouveau architecture, like the Solà-Morales house.
Painting, sculpture and ceramics have been the key elements in the art of Olot, not to mention the tradition of the Nativity Scenes (pessebres), and the worldwide famous sculptures of saints. Also of importance is the School of Art, which was created in 1783 and nowadays it is the most important school of arts in the province of Girona (Escola d'Art i Superior de Disseny d'Olot). The artistic tradition of the city can be seen in several museums, being the Museu Comarcal de la Garrotxa the most relevant.
In Olot there are two important natural areas, the Moixina and the Parc Nou, which are characterized by their oak woods, which boast an understorey of plants that are extremely rare on the south side of the Pyrenees. These woods also inspired many of the painters from the "Olot school". With the city being situated in the Zona Volcànica de la Garrotxa Natural Park, the surrounding area also offers spectacular natural places like the Fageda d'en Jordà (a beech forest with volcanic blisters) or the natural springs of Sant Roc. The city also has a bicycle lane connecting to Girona, which was an old railway.
Main products of Olot's local gastronomy are the sweet herbal liquor ratafia, the traditional cakes coca de llardons and tortell de matafaluga, the charcuterie from Olot, the Olot potatoes (wafers of potato stuffed with meat, covered in egg and flour, and then deep-fried), and the buckwheat flour. Some of the restaurants of the city have grouped together, offering the so-called "volcanic cuisine".
Notable people
Miquel Blay
Antonio Soler
Marià Vayreda
Pedro Llosas Badía
Maria Branyas, the world's oldest verified living person since 2023
Twin towns
Notre-Dame-de-Bondeville, France
Thuir, France
References
Further reading
Panareda Clopés, Josep Maria; Rios Calvet, Jaume; Rabella Vives, Josep Maria (1989). Guia de Catalunya, Barcelona: Caixa de Catalunya. . .
External links
Government data pages
Olot |
Medåker is a locality situated in Arboga Municipality, Västmanland County, Sweden with 224 inhabitants in 2010.
References
Populated places in Västmanland County
Populated places in Arboga Municipality |
Pataeta is a genus of moths in the family Euteliidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1858.
Species
Pataeta carbo (Guenée, 1852) Australia, Sulawesi
Pataeta hoenei Berio, 1964 Guangdong
Pataeta transversata Berio, 1966 Zaire, Tanzania, Mozambique
References
Euteliinae |
Donato Cabrera is an American conductor with an active international career. He is the Music Director of the California Symphony and the Las Vegas Philharmonic, and was the Resident Conductor of the San Francisco Symphony and Wattis Foundation Music Director of the San Francisco Symphony Youth Orchestra from 2009-2016.
Education and early career
Cabrera was born in Pasadena, California and grew up in Las Vegas, Nevada and Reno, Nevada. He then studied at the University of Nevada, the University of Illinois, Indiana University, and the Manhattan School of Music. He made his professional debut with the Reno Chamber Orchestra in 1997 and in 1998 made his European debut conducting the Zwei Groschen Oper Summer Festival productions of The Barber of Seville and Rigoletto. In 2002 he received a Herbert von Karajan Conducting Fellowship from the Vienna Philharmonic.
While based in New York, Cabrera served as the Music Director for the Manhattan School of Music's Opera Scenes program (2001/2002) and conducted their community outreach performances. He also conducted their Philharmonia and the Juilliard School orchestra as well as serving as an assistant conductor to Zdenek Macal at the New Jersey Symphony where Cabrera went on to work as cover conductor for the symphony's subscription series and Guest Conductor for its education and outreach Concerts until 2006. He concurrently had various guest conducting engagements including concerts for the Music Academy of the West in 2003 and the Norwalk Youth Symphony Orchestra and Fort Worth Symphony Orchestra in 2004.
Cabrera co-founded ACME (American Contemporary Music Ensemble) with cellist Clarice Jensen and publicist Christina Jensen in 2004 and was the ensemble's Music Director for its inaugural season, conducting works by John Adams, Jacob Druckman, Donald Martino, Frederic Rzewski, and Elliott Carter. He also worked as an assistant to James Conlon at the 2004 Spoleto Festival and the 2005 Ravinia Festival. He made his house debut at Portland Opera in December 2005 conducting The Rape of Lucretia.
2005 to the present
Cabrera joined San Francisco Opera in the 2005/2006 season as an Associate Conductor preparing the casts and conducting the initial rehearsals of several productions including the world premiere of John Adams's Doctor Atomic and remained there until 2008. He made his conducting debut at SFO in May 2006 for the company's Opera in the Gardens concert and went on to conduct performances of Die Fledermaus (October 2006), Don Giovanni (June 2007), Die Zauberflöte (October 2007), and Tannhäuser (October 2007). In March 2008, he made his debut with Berkeley Opera conducting a production of L'elisir d'amore. The following autumn, he was engaged by the Metropolitan Opera as an assistant and cover conductor for a new production of Doctor Atomic.
Cabrera's symphonic conducting career continued in parallel with his work as an opera conductor. Over the last couple of seasons, Cabrera has made debuts with the National Symphony Orchestra’s KC Jukebox at the Kennedy Center, the Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra, the Louisville Orchestra, Hartford Symphony, New West Symphony, Sinfónica de Oaxaca, and the Orquesta Filarmónica de Boca del Rio. In 2016, Cabrera led the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in performances with Grammy Award-winning singer Lila Downs. He made his Carnegie Hall and Cal Performances debuts debut leading the world premiere and California premieres, respectively, of Mark Grey’s Ătash Sorushan. He made his San Francisco Symphony debut in April 2009 when he conducted the orchestra with 24 hours notice, in a program of Mozart's Symphony No. 38 and Overture to Le nozze di Figaro and Ravel's orchestration of Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition.
In 2009 Cabrera joined the San Francisco Symphony staff as the Resident Conductor and Wattis Foundation Music Director of the San Francisco Symphony Youth Orchestra. In December of that year he also made his debut with the San Francisco Ballet, conducting The Nutcracker and became one of a handful of conductors who have conducted performances for all three of San Francisco's major musical institutions. Cabrera frequently conducted the San Francisco Symphony in a variety of concerts, including all of the education and family concerts, reaching over 70,000 children throughout the Bay Area every year. He also led the San Francisco Symphony Chorus with Paul Jacobs on organ in the world premiere of Mason Bates’ Mass Transmission, subsequently conducting it in Carnegie Hall. During his seven seasons as Music Director of the San Francisco Symphony Youth Orchestra, Cabrera took the group on two European tours, winning an ASCAP Award for Adventurous Programming of American Music on Foreign Tours, and receiving critical acclaim for its live recording from the Berlin Philharmonie of Mahler's Symphony No. 1.
In 2013, Cabrera was appointed Music Director of the California Symphony. With its expanded concerts, dramatically increased ticket sales, and innovative programming, the California Symphony and Cabrera are redefining what it means to be an orchestra in the 21st Century. Through the California Symphony’s celebrated Young American Composer in Residence program, Cabrera has supported the burgeoning careers of composers including D.J. Sparr, Dan Visconti, and the current Composer-in-Residence, Katherine Balch. Sound Minds, California Symphony’s nationally recognized music education program, reflects Cabrera’s commitment to diversity and education through the arts.
In 2014 Cabrera was appointed Music Director of the Las Vegas Philharmonic. Through his creation of the very popular Spotlight Concerts, which showcase the musicians of the Las Vegas Philharmonic in intimate chamber music concerts, as well as initiating community outreach concerts throughout the city, and expanding and revamping the Youth Concert Series, Cabrera has completely reshaped the relationship between the orchestra and the community.
Awards and fellowships include a Herbert von Karajan Conducting Fellowship at the Salzburg Festival and conducting the Nashville Symphony in the League of American Orchestra’s prestigious Bruno Walter National Conductor Preview. Donato Cabrera was recognized by the Consulate-General of Mexico in San Francisco as a Luminary of the Friends of Mexico Honorary Committee, for his contributions to promoting and developing the presence of the Mexican community in the Bay Area.
References
External links
Donato Cabrera official website
'Ep. 125: Donato Cabrera, conductor' Interview by Tigran Arakelyan
American male conductors (music)
Living people
21st-century American conductors (music)
21st-century American male musicians
Year of birth missing (living people)
20th-century American conductors (music)
20th-century American male musicians
Musicians from Pasadena, California
Musicians from Las Vegas
Classical musicians from California
Classical musicians from Nevada
University of Nevada alumni
University of Illinois alumni
Indiana University alumni
Manhattan School of Music alumni |
Colours of a New Day: Writing for South Africa is an anthology first published in 1990, edited by Sarah LeFanu and Stephen Hayward, inspired by an international tribute concert to imprisoned anti-apartheid revolutionary Nelson Mandela on his 70th birthday in 1988. As described by The New Internationalist magazine: "This is the literary equivalent of the Free Mandela concert: a collection of prose and poetry by 34 writers from around the world who have pledged their profits to an ANC cultural project inside South Africa." Taking the title from an optimistic phrase used by a character in Lewis Nkosi's story "Under the Shadow of the Guns", the editors aimed to publish a book that would give writers the opportunity to express their opposition to apartheid and also to provide material assistance for the cultural work of the African National Congress (ANC), to which the writers' royalties and publishers' profits were donated.
Colours of a New Day was published almost simultaneously in 1990 in the Britain, South Africa, North America, Nigeria and India. The editors' Preface concluded with the words: "In bringing together many of the finest writers currently working in the English language, it is our hope that this anthology will draw to the attention of a worldwide community of readers the need to maintain support for the African National Congress until the colours of a new day have lit up the whole of Southern Africa."
On 11 February 1990, Nelson Mandela was released from prison after 27 years. He contributed a Foreword to Colours of a New Day, dated 16 April 1990, in which he wrote: "The past five years have seen unprecedented acts of solidarity by the international cultural community with the struggle for freedom of our people. ...But this anthology, Colours of a New Day, is the first to be produced whose proceeds go directly to the African National Congress. We salute the writers — from Africa, Asia, the British Isles, North America and the Caribbean — who have contributed towards the creation of a new dawn in South Africa. Amandla!"
Contributors
Brian Aldiss
Margaret Atwood
Margaret Busby
Nuruddin Farah
Nadine Gordimer
Roy Heath
Christopher Hope
Aamer Hussein
June Jordan
Nicole Ward Jouve
James Kelman
Mandla Langa
Hugh Maxton
Naomi Mitchison
Ursule Molinaro
Mbulelo V. Mzamane
Lewis Nkosi
Joyce Carol Oates
Ben Okri
Emily Prager
Kate Pullinger
Michèle Roberts
Dennis Scott
Lawrence Scott
Vikram Seth
Bapsi Sidhwa
Wole Soyinka
Han Suyin
Edward Upward
Marina Warner
Ian Watson
Zoë Wicomb
Raymond Williams
Jane Yolen
Editions
London, UK: Lawrence and Wishart, 1990
Braamfontein, South Africa: Ravan Press, 1990
New York, US: Pantheon Books, 1990
Ibadan, Nigeria: Spectrum Books, 1990
Calcutta, India: Seagull Books
London: Penguin Books, 1991
See also
Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute
Anti-apartheid movement
References
1990 anthologies
South African books |
Llanarmon-yn-Iâl is a village, and local government community, in Denbighshire, Wales, lying in limestone country in the valley of the River Alyn.
The community is part of an electoral ward called Llanarmon-yn-Iâl/Llandegla. The population of this ward at the 2011 census was 2,456, the community population being 1062.
Location
The village sits on the B5431 road, near the junction with the B5430, six miles south of the market town of Mold, at approximate Ordnance Survey map grid reference .
The boundaries of Llanarmon-yn-Iâl community include, as well as the main village, the villages of Eryrys and Graianrhyd, along with a number of small hamlets and large areas of farmland. The community lies mostly within the boundaries of the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
History
The village, considered the capital of the commote of Iâl (Yale)—the "hill country"—grew up around a religious community dedicated to a Roman Bishop named St. Germanus of Auxerre (St. Garmon in the Welsh language). Pilgrims travelling to St Garmon's shrine, which contained an image of the saint reputed to have miraculous properties, probably financed the construction of the impressive church of St. Garmon, dating from the 13th century.
Near to the village, the Lords of Yale had constructed an earth-and-timber motte and bailey castle, Tomen-y-faerdre, during the 11th century, which seems to have acted as an administrative centre. King John of England rebuilt the castle in 1212 for his campaign against Prince Llywelyn ap Iorwerth. Just to the east of the village, close to the river, is a cave containing signs of Neolithic human habitation.
Llanarmon was located on several drovers' roads and owed much of its prosperity to the cattle which passed through on their way from Anglesey to the markets of England. In the 19th century it was one of the few places in north Wales where wheat was grown, through heavy treatment of the fields with lime, which also helped to create lush pasture for the drovers' cattle. The local limestone quarries provided employment after the droving trade died out towards the end of the 19th century.
It was the birthplace of the Welsh folklorist and poet Robert Bryan (1858–1920) and of the hymn-writer J. R. Jones ('Alltud Glyn Maelor'; 1800–81).
Amenities
In the centre of the village can be found a small, traditional village shop and the Raven Inn public house, the last of the many drovers' inns that were once found in the village. Both shop and pub are "community run" by villagers. Llanarmon is 2 miles from the A494, a main north–south trunk route, and 3 miles from the A525 and the A5104 roads.
The village is approximately 1.5 miles east of the Offa's Dyke National Trail. The picturesque nature of the village, and the natural beauty of its surroundings, combined with proximity to major routes, make it a popular destination for walkers and other outdoor pursuits enthusiasts.
References
External links
www.llanarmon.com: community website
www.geograph.co.uk : photos of Llanarmon-yn-Ial and surrounding area |
Friederike Repohl ( Abt; born 7 July 1994) is a German footballer. She plays as a goalkeeper for Bayer Leverkusen in the Frauen-Bundesliga. She was a member of the German Under-19 national team that won the 2011 U-19 European Championship.
Career
Clubs
Repohl began her career in 2000 at FC Altenhagen. She switched to Herforder SV in 2005, where she was active in the youth division. Already in the 2010/2011 season, she was promoted to the professional squad of Herford and made her Bundesliga debut on March 6, 2011 in the 4–2 defeat in the away game against SGS Essen-Schoenebeck. Bottom of the table, the club was relegated from the Bundesliga after one season. In the 2011/12 second division season, Repohl was the first-choice goalkeeper until she tore a cruciate ligament in January 2012 and was out for more than half a year. At the beginning of the 2012/13 season, she first made a few appearances for Herford's second team in the Westphalian League, but tore her cruciate ligament again. She made her comeback in March 2014. On April 23, 2015, Repohl announced her move to TSG 1899 Hoffenheim after 10 years at Herforder SV Borussia. At Hoffenheim, she made irregular appearances in her first two seasons in the Bundesliga, but she has been the first-choice goalkeeper since the 2017/18 season. For the 2019/20 season she moved to VfL Wolfsburg. She was in goal at the 2020 Champions League finals in Spain, second-choice to Katarzyna Kiedrzynek. In the summer of 2021 she joined Bayer 04 Leverkusen.
National Team
She made her international debut on 15 April 2009, when she kept goal in Germany's U-15 team's 5–0 win over the Netherlands in Rhede.
She made her debut for the U-17 national team on September 6, 2009 in a 10–0 win over Israel. She took part in the 2010 U-17 European Championship in Switzerland and came in third. She played in the 2010 U-17 World Cup, in a 10–1 win over South Africa. In 2011 she was again in the squad for the U-17 European Championship, where the team finished third. In total, Repohl completed seven games for the U-17 national team.
She made her debut for the U19 national team on May 11, 2011 in a 5–0 win over Russia. In the same year she was part of the German squad for the U19 European Championship in Italy, where she played in the third group game in the 2–1 win against the Netherlands on June 5.
On 19 October 2020, she was called up to replace the injured Ann-Katrin Berger for the national team friendly against England. However, the game was canceled by the English association on October 25 because a member of the support staff tested positive for the corona virus.
Honours
VfL Wolfsburg
Frauen-Bundesliga: Winner 2019–20
DFB-Pokal: Winner 2019–20, 2020–21
Germany U17
FIFA U-17 World Cup: Third place 2008
UEFA Under-17 European Championship: Third place 2010, 2011
Germany U19
UEFA Under-19 European Championship: Winner 2011
References
External links
Profile at the German Football Federation
1994 births
Living people
TSG 1899 Hoffenheim (women) players
VfL Wolfsburg (women) players
Frauen-Bundesliga players
German women's footballers
Germany women's youth international footballers
Footballers from Bielefeld
Bayer 04 Leverkusen (women) players
Women's association football goalkeepers |
Alfredo María Aranda Obviar (29 August 1889 – 1 October 1978) was a Filipino bishop the founder of the Congregation of the Missionary Catechists of Saint Thérèse of the Infant Jesus, and was Bishop of Lucena until his death. His cause for beatification is currently underway, having been declared Venerable by Pope Francis.
Early life
Alfredo María Obviar y Aranda was born on 29 August 1889 in Mataás na Lupa, Lipa, Batangas to Telesforo Obviar and Florentina Catalina Aranda. He became an orphan at the early age, and was put under the care of his relatives from his mother's side.
Obviar received his early religious instruction at the college of St. Francis Xavier in Manila run by the Society of Jesus, where he graduated in 1901. He earned his degree in Bachelor of Arts at Ateneo de Manila in 1914, and proceeded to the University of Santo Tomas Pontifical Seminary for his theological studies.
Obviar received the sacerdotal ordination on 15 March 1919. His pastoral ministry began that same year at Luta (now Malvar, Batangas) and he continued as vicar of the cathedral-parish in Lipa from 1927 to 1944. In both parishes, he established Catechetical Centers in the población and the barrios. He was also Vicar General for the Diocese of Lipa, and was appointed confessor and chaplain of the Carmelite Monastery of Lipa.
Religious life
On March 11, 1944, Obviar was appointed the first Auxiliary Bishop of Lipa. After 25 years in the ministry, Obviar was appointed to the episcopate on 29 June 1944, with Guglielmo Piani, Apostolic Delegate, as Principal Consecrator, and with Pedro Paulo Santos Songco, Bishop of Caceres (Naga) and César Marie Guerrero, Titular Bishop of Limisa, Tunisia as Co-Consecrators. He also became Titular Bishop of Linoë, Turkey from 11 March 1944 to 21 June 1959. When Linoë was an active diocese, it was part of the Ecclesiastical Province of Nicaea.
On 22 January 1951, Obviar was installed as Apostolic Administrator of the new Diocese of Lucena. Motivated by his great work for catechesis, he founded the Missionary Catechists of St. Therese (MCST) on August 12, 1958. He established the Missionary Catechists of Saint Thérèse of the Infant Jesus (MCST), with the help of Mother Mercy Medenilla, who became the first superior of the MCST, and has four other women. The earliest monastic MCST was founded in San Narciso, Quezon.
To compensate for the shortage of priests in the new diocese, Obviar also founded the Our Lady of the Most Holy Seminary which was later renamed as Our Lady of Mount Carmel Seminary, a minor seminary in Sariaya, Quezon. Decades after, a major seminary was founded by the Diocese of Lucena re-institutionalizing the name Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary Seminary. The establishment of this increased the number of priests attending from 1951 to 1975. In the year of his retirement, it had increased by more than 100 priests. Obivar ordained Ricardo Jamin Vidal to the priesthood on St. Patrick's Day, 17 March 1956, in Lucena; Vidal would later become a cardinal and Archbishop Emeritus of the Archdiocese of Cebu.
From 11 October 1962 to 8 December 1962, Obviar was a Council Father at the first Session of the Second Vatican Council.
After more than 18 years as Administrator, Obviar was declared the first diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Lucena on July 15, 1969. He served as Bishop of Lucena until his retirement in 1976.
Death
Obviar died at the age of 89, in Lucena, Quezon, on 1 October 1978, on the feast of his patron saint Thérèse of the Child Jesus.
Veneration
Obviar has saint protocol number 2398, and was declared nulla osta Servant of God in 2005. Pope Francis named him as venerable on 7 November 2018.
Notes
References
Hagiography Circle
External links
MCST website
1889 births
1978 deaths
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the Philippines
Ateneo de Manila University alumni
University of Santo Tomas alumni
People from Lipa, Batangas
People from Lucena, Philippines
Roman Catholic bishops of Lucena |
The BRM Land Africa is a Portuguese ultralight aircraft, designed and produced by BRM Costruções Aeronáuticas. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction or as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.
Chris Heintz, the designer of the Zenith STOL CH 701 considers the Land Africa an unauthorized copy of the CH 701. The Land Africa varies from CH 701 in having a wider and longer cockpit.
Design and development
The aircraft was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight rules. It features a strut-braced high-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit, fixed tricycle landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.
The aircraft is made from aluminum sheet. Its span wing has an area of and features large flaps as well as leading edge slots. Standard engines available are the Rotax 912UL and the Rotax 912ULS four-stroke powerplants.
In 2009 a new faster wing option was introduced that increases the top speed by about , while retaining the same low stall speed.
The Land Africa replaced the earlier BRM Okavango in production.
Specifications (Land Africa)
References
External links
2000s Portuguese ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
BRM Costruções Aeronáuticas aircraft |
Ilex pallida is a species of plant in the family Aquifoliaceae. It is found in El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Description
Ilex pallida is a shrub or small- to medium-sized tree, growing from 2 to 20 meters tall. It flowers from January to July and November, and fruits from March to December.
Range and habitat
Ilex pallida grows in humid mountain forests in central America, from El Salvador and southern Honduras through Nicaragua and Costa Rica to western Panama. It grows between 700 and 3,300 meters elevation.
It is found in humid premontane and montane forests, including montane rainforests, cloud forests, and oak forests.
References
pallida
Vulnerable plants
Flora of Costa Rica
Flora of El Salvador
Flora of Honduras
Flora of Nicaragua
Flora of Panama
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Flora of the Central American montane forests
Flora of the Talamancan montane forests
Plants described in 1926 |
Marine Aviation and Training Support Group 21 (MATSG-21) is a United States Marine Corps aviation training group that was originally established in 1922 as the 2nd Aviation Group. During World War II the unit was known as Marine Aircraft Group 21 (MAG-21). Squadrons from MAG-21 fought in many of the opening battles of the war to include the Battle of Wake Island, Battle of Midway and as part of the Cactus Air Force during the Battle of Guadalcanal The group was deactivated following the end of the war and was not reactivated until 2000 when the Marine Aviation Detachment at Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida was renamed MATSG-21. The core of the MATSG personnel is derived from 175 officer instructors and 550 student naval aviators/naval flight officers.
Mission
Provide administration and training support to all Marines aboard NAS Pensacola, NAS Whiting Field and CID Corry Station. They also provide ceremonial support for base and local events in the form of color guards and special detail advisors. While the MATSG's mission is administrative in nature, the command monitors the flow of students through the Naval Air Training Command, provides Marine Corps discipline and Marine Corps peculiar training.
History
Early years
The 2nd Aviation Group was formed at Naval Air Station San Diego in August 1922. They were redesignated Aircraft Squadrons, West Coast Expeditionary Force in July 1926. January 8, 1934 saw another name change, this time to Aircraft Two, Fleet Marine Force. On May 1, 1939, they were redesignated again to the 2nd Marine Aircraft Group. The group was sent overseas to Marine Corps Air Station Ewa, Hawaii in January 1941. There they consolidated with the headquarters of the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing July 10, 1941, and less than a month later they were redesignated Marine Aircraft Group 21.
World War II
During the December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor MAG-21 suffered 17 casualties and all 21 of its aircraft were destroyed . Squadrons from MAG-21 fought at the Battle of Wake Island, Battle of Midway and as part of the Cactus Air Force during the Battle of Guadalcanal but the group itself remained at MCAS Ewa until February 1943 when they departed for Banika in the Russell Islands. By June 1943, MAG-21's squadrons were fighting large scale operations against Japanese installations in the northern Solomon Islands. The group moved to Efate in November 1943 and remained there until June 1944. Their final destination during the war was on Guam where it was based from August 1944 until the end of the war.
The squadron returned to Marine Corps Air Station Miramar in March 1946 with follow on movement to Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina. The group was decommissioned in June 1947.
2000
In May 2000, the Commandant of the Marine Corps directed the re-designation of Marine Aviation Training Support Group NAS Pensacola as Marine Aviation Training Support Group 21. All Marine Aviation Training Support Groups were redesignated to promote a sense of Marine Corps identity and tradition and allow them and their history to live on.
2004-2005
Hurricanes Ivan and Dennis nearly destroyed the historic [NAS Pensacola] including the buildings used to house MATSG-21. This forced relocation resulted in the current location on Farrar Rd. in the Parachute Rigger Building.
2006-Present
The command currently oversees training along the Gulf Coast to include Recon and Reserve activities. Additionally, the Enhanced Training Program provides Marines waiting for their Military Occupational Specialty (MOS) school to begin with the Marine Peculiar Training described on the unit website. Training includes leadership education and development, martial arts, pistol qualification, tactics, community involvement, physical fitness and professional military education.
List of United States Marine Corps aircraft groups
National Museum of Naval Aviation
Notes
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the United States Marine Corps.
References
Books
External links
MATSG-21's official website
USMC Archival footage showing MAG-21 Operations on Guam in 1945
Tr |
Ismaʻīl Rājī al-Fārūqī ( January 1, 1921 – May 27, 1986) was a Palestinian-American philosopher. He spent several years at Al-Azhar University in Cairo, then taught at several universities in North America, including McGill University in Montreal. He was Professor of Religion at Temple University, where he founded and chaired the Islamic Studies program. Al-Faruqi was also the founder of the International Institute of Islamic Thought. He wrote over 100 articles for various scholarly journals and magazines in addition to 25 books, of the most notable being Christian Ethics: A Historical and Systematic Analysis of Its Dominant Ideas. He also established the Islamic Studies Group of the American Academy of Religion and chaired it for ten years. He served as the vice-president of the Inter-Religious Peace Colloquium, The Muslim-Jewish-Christian Conference and as the president of the American Islamic College in Chicago.
Early life and education
Al-Faruqi was born in Jaffa, in British-mandate Palestine. His father, 'Abd al-Huda al-Faruqi, was an Islamic judge (qadi) and a religious man well-versed in Islamic scholarship. Faruqi received his religious education at home from his father and in the local mosque. He began to attend the French Dominican Collège des Frères de Jaffa in 1936.
His first appointment was as a registrar of cooperative societies (1942) under the British Mandate government in Jerusalem, which appointed him in 1945 the district governor of Galilee. Subsequent to the partition plan of Palestine, and the creation of the independent Jewish state of Israel in 1948, al-Faruqi at first emigrated to Beirut, Lebanon, where he studied at the American University of Beirut, then enrolled the next year at Indiana University's Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, obtaining his M.A. in philosophy in 1949. He was then accepted for entry into Harvard University's department of philosophy and was awarded his second M.A. in philosophy there in March 1951, with a thesis entitled Justifying the Good: Metaphysics and Epistemology of Value (1952).
His dissertation was deeply influenced by the phenomenology of Max Scheler (1874–1928), particularly the latter's notion of axiological intuitionism. Al-Faruqi argued that Scheler's axiological intuitionism privileged feeling as knowing, thus recognizing the logic of the heart as an a priori emotional intuition of value. Such recognition could justify carving out a conceptual as well as practical space for the emergence of a critique of post-Enlightenment Reason from the standpoint of a non-Western philosopher. However, he decided to return to Indiana University; he submitted his thesis to the Department of Philosophy and received his PhD in September 1952. By then he had a background in classical philosophy and the developing thought of the western tradition. At the beginning of 1953, he and his wife were in Syria. He then moved to Egypt, where he studied at Al-Azhar University (1954–1958) again with a view to acquiring another PhD.
In 1958, al-Faruqi was offered a position as a visiting fellow at the Faculty of Divinity at McGill University in Canada. During his two-year tenure at McGill, he studied Christian theology and Judaism, and became acquainted with the famous Pakistani Muslim philosopher Fazlur Rahman. During these years, al-Faruqi was preoccupied with his anti-Zionist Arab identity. Rahman reminisced in 1986 that al-Faruqi's blunt anti-Zionism and his refusal to play the detached scholar "frightened" his McGill colleagues. Although he was soft-spoken with unfailing smiles, at McGill he was considered to be, in Rahman's words, "an angry young Muslim Palestinian". In order to challenge al-Faruqi's Arabocentric views of Islam, and to broaden his scope of understanding the ummah, in 1961, Rahman arranged a two-year appointment for him in Pakistan at the Central Institute of Islamic Research. Rahman intended to expose al-Faruqi to the cultural diversity of Muslims and their contributions to Islam. "Except", Rahman (1986) later recalled, "it was his Arabism which drew a great deal of fire both inside and outside the Institute, as well as his academic preference for Cairo".
From Arabism to Islamism
In 1963, after returning to the United States, he was hired as a visiting professor at the University of Chicago's Divinity School. Between 1964 and 1968, al-Faruqi established himself as an associate professor at the Department of Religion at Syracuse University, where he initiated its programme in Islamic Studies. In 1968, he accepted a position at Temple University as a professor of religion, where he also founded the Islamic Studies Programme. He held that position until his death in 1986.
Much of al-Faruqi's early thought is associated with what he called urubah (Arabism). In his 1962 book, On Arabism: Urubah and Religion, he argued that urubah comprises the core identity and set of values which embrace all Muslims, a single community of believers (ummah). Al-Faruqi formulated the notion of urubah in contradistinction to two other hegemonic ideologies: Arab nationalism and non-Arab Islamic revivalism. Adopting an overtly essentialist position, he argued that more than merely the language of the Qur'an, Arabic provided the only possible linguistic structure within which the Islamic conception of the world could be apprehended. Therefore, he asserted that urubah captured the core of Muslim consciousness, its values and faith – it was inseparable from the identity of all Muslims (al-Faruqi, 1962: 2–30).
He also maintained that urubah was the only context within which the non-Muslim Arabs countries could integrate into their larger societies. Even non-Muslim Arabs, according to al-Faruqi, could identify with urubah expressed in the Qur'an. In effect, urubah left non-Muslim Arabs and non-Arab Muslims at the mercy of combined linguistic and religious essentialisms. Any other form of consciousness and identity was a distortion created by colonial penetration (al-Faruqi, 1962: 211).
Though few would question Arab influence on non-Arab Muslim faith and culture or Arab Muslim influence on non-Muslim Arabs, the implication that they both find their ultimate expression and fulfilment in al-Faruqi's interpretation of Arabism might be regarded by some as an attempt to establish the hegemony of Arab Islam or, more precisely, Arab Muslim culture. Both Arab nationalists and non-Arab Muslim intellectuals shunned al-Faruqi's agenda to bring non-Arab Muslims and non-Muslim Arabs together through urubah. While many Muslim intellectuals such as Fazlur Rahman agreed with al-Faruqi's assertion that the Qur'an could not achieve the same eloquence and expressiveness in any other languages except Arabic, they were critical of al-Faruqi's blatant Arab chauvinism. Al-Faruqi's sojourn in Pakistan did little to alter his doctrine of urubah.
It was in the United States several years later that he began to question the foundations of his earlier position. In 1968, for the first time he encountered members of the Muslim Students' Association (MSA) at Temple University. The convergence of Muslim students from diverse cultural backgrounds dramatically swayed his perception of Arab versus Islamic identity. In the spring of 1968, while a patient at the Johns Hopkins Ophthalmology Centre, al-Faruqi confided in one of the active members of the MSA, Ilyas Ba-Yunus, "Until a few months ago, I was a Palestinian, an Arab, and a Muslim. Now I am a Muslim who happens to be an Arab from Palestine" (Ba-Yunus, 1988: 14).
Scholarly Achievements
Al-Faruqi's early emphasis was on Arabism as the vehicle of Islam and Muslim identity. He was also one of those who proposed the idea of Islamization of knowledge and founded the International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) together with Taha Jabir Alalwani, Abdul Hamid AbuSulayman, former Rector of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), and Anwar Ibrahim, in 1980.
During his years as a visiting professor of Islamic studies and scholar-in-residence at McGill University, a professor of Islamic studies at Karachi's Central Institute of Islamic Research as well as a visiting professor at various universities in Northern America, he wrote over 100 articles for various scholarly journals and magazines in addition to 25 books, of the most notable being Christian Ethics: A Historical and Systematic Analysis of Its Dominant Ideas. He also established the Islamic Studies Group of the American Academy of Religion and chaired it for ten years. He served as the vice-president of the Inter-Religious Peace Colloqium, The Muslim-Jewish-Christian Conference and as the president of the American Islamic College in Chicago.
Al-Faruqi viewed the existence of Israel as an affront towards Judaism due to its state ideology of Zionism. He said that the injustice caused by Zionism is such as to necessitate war. He proposed a resolution in which Israel is dismantled and its institutions de-Zionised, and that former Israeli Jews who have renounced Zionism would live as an "ummatic community" and move freely throughout the Muslim world:
Death
In May 1986, Al-Faruqi and his wife were murdered in their Pennsylvania home, in a knife attack committed by Joseph Louis Young, who was also known as Yusuf Ali. Young confessed to the crime and was sentenced to the death penalty and died in prison of natural causes in 1996.
Bibliography
A list of publications by Ismail R. al-Faruqi follows.
Books
(1953) From Here We Start, tr. from the Arabic of K.M. Khalid. Washington, DC: American Council of Learned Societies
(1953) Our Beginning in Wisdom, tr. from the Arabic of M. al Ghazali. Washington, DC: American Council of Learned Societies
(1953) The Policy of Tomorrow, tr. from the Arabic of M. B. Ghali. Washington, DC: American Council of Learned Societies
(1962) `Urubah and Religion: An Analysis of the Dominant Ideas of Arabism and of Islam as Its Heights Moment of Consciousness, vol. 1 of On Arabism, Amsterdam: Djambatan
(1964) Usul al Sahyuniyah fi al Din al Yahudi (An Analytical Study of the Growth of Particularism in Hebrew Scripture). Cairo: Institute of Higher Arabic Studies
(1968) Christian Ethics: A Systematic and Historical Analysis of Its Dominant Ideas. Montreal: McGill University Press and Amsterdam: Djambatan, Amsterdam
(1980) Islam and the Problem of Israel. London: The Islamic Council of Europe
(1982) Trialogue of the Abrahamic Faiths, ed. Herndon, VA: IIIT
(1982) Islamization of Knowledge. Herndon, VA: IIIT
(1982) Tawhid: Its Implications for Thought and Life. Kuala Lumpur: IIIT
(1985) Islam and Other Faiths. Beltsville, MD: Amana Publications
(1986) The Cultural Atlas of Islam. New York: Macmillan
(2012) Islam: Religion, Practice, Culture & World Order, London; IIIT (posthumous work updated and edited by Imtiyaz Yusuf)
(2021) ESSENTIAL WRITINGS ISMAIL AL FARUQI, Selected and Edited by Imtiyaz Yusuf (Kuala Lumpur:IBT Books)
https://ibtbooks.com › shop › essenti...
Translated texts
Translated by Faruqi into English.
Articles
"On the Ethics of the Brethren of Purity and Friends of Fidelity (Ikhwan al Safa wa Khillan al Wafa''')", The Muslim World, vol. L, no. 2, pp. 109–21; no. 4, pp. 252–58; vol. LI, no. 1, pp. 18–24
"On the Significance of Reinhold Niebuhr's Ideas of Society", Canadian Journal of Theology, vol. VII, no. 2, pp. 99–107. Reprinted in Muslim Life, vol. XI, no. 3 (Summer 1964): 5–14
In the press
An Anthology of Readings on Tawhid. Kuwait: IIFSO
Training Program for Islamic Youth. Kuwait: IIFSO
The Life of Muhammad Ibn Abdul Wahhab. Riyadh: The Ministry of Higher Education
References
Muhammad Shafiq, Growth of Islamic Thought in North America: Focus on Isma'il Raji al Faruqi'', Amana Publications, 1994
Imtiyaz Yusuf, Islam and Knowledge: Al Faruqi's Concept of Religion in Islamic Thought London: I. B. Tauris, 2012. Festschrift in honor of Prof. Ismail al-Faruqi.
Notes
External links
Ismail Faruqi Online A website on the life and works of Dr. Ismail Faruqi
Every Muslim is a Scientist Clip of Dr. Ismail Faruqi in documentary The Book of Signs (Science in the Quran), which was based on the work of Dr. Maurice Bucaille
American political writers
Palestinian emigrants to the United States
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Al-Azhar University alumni
Temple University faculty
1921 births
1986 deaths
American Muslims
Palestinian academics
People murdered in Pennsylvania
People from Jaffa
Palestinian non-fiction writers
Palestinian philosophers
American murder victims
Deaths by stabbing in Pennsylvania
Palestinian murder victims
Palestinian Muslims
20th-century American non-fiction writers
20th-century American male writers
American male non-fiction writers
20th-century American philosophers
1986 murders in the United States
Academic staff of McGill University
University of Chicago faculty
Muslim scholars of Islamic studies |
Chase Mills is a hamlet in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The community is located along the Grasse River, east of Waddington. Chase Mills has a post office with ZIP code 13621, which opened on November 19, 1853.
References
Hamlets in St. Lawrence County, New York
Hamlets in New York (state) |
End-user computing (EUC) refers to systems in which non-programmers can create working applications. EUC is a group of approaches to computing that aim to better integrate end users into the computing environment. These approaches attempt to realize the potential for high-end computing to perform problem-solving in a trustworthy manner.
End-user computing can range in complexity from users simply clicking a series of buttons, to citizen developers writing scripts in a controlled scripting language, to being able to modify and execute code directly.
Examples of end-user computing are systems built using fourth-generation programming languages, such as MAPPER or SQL, or one of the fifth-generation programming languages, such as ICAD.
Factors
Factors contributing to the need for further EUC research include knowledge processing, pervasive computing, issues of ontology, interactive visualization, and the like.
Some of the issues related to end-user computing concern software architecture (iconic versus language interfaces, open versus closed, and others). Other issues relate to intellectual property, configuration and maintenance. End-user computing allows more user-input into system affairs that can range from personalization to full-fledged ownership of a system.
EUC strategy
EUC applications should not be evolved by accident, but there should be a defined EUC strategy. Any Application Architecture Strategy / IT Strategy should consider the white spaces in automation (enterprise functionality not automated by ERP / Enterprise Grade Applications). These are the potential areas where EUC can play a major role. Then ASSIMPLER parameters should be applied to these white spaces to develop the EUC strategy. (ASSIMPLER stands for availability, scalability, security, interoperability, maintainability, performance, low cost of ownership, extendibility and reliability.)
In businesses, an end-user concept gives workers more flexibility, as well as more opportunities for better productivity and creativity. However, EUC will work only when leveraged correctly. That’s why it requires a full-fledged strategy. Any strategy should include all the tools users might need to carry out their tasks and work more productively.
Types of EUC
End-user computing covers a broad range of user-facing resources, including:
desktop and notebook computers;
desktop operating systems and applications;
scripting languages such as robotic desktop automation or RDA;
smartphones and wearables;
mobile, web and cloud applications;
virtual desktops and applications
EUC risk drivers
Business owners should understand that every user-controlled app needs to be monitored and supervised. Otherwise, organization risk facing a lot of problems and losses if end-users don’t follow company policy or leave their job. In functions such as finance, accounting and regulated activities, unmanaged EUC may expose the organization to regulatory compliance issues and fines.
End-user computing operating and business risks may be driven by:
lack of rigorous testing;
lack of version & change control;
lack of documentation and reliance on end-user who developed it;
lack of maintenance processes;
lack of security;
lack of audit trail;
overreliance on manual controls.
EUC risk management software
Many companies elect to leverage software to manage their EUC risks. Software can provide many benefits to organizations, including:
automation of risk management activities;
reduction in manual effort required for manual controls;
version controls for EUC applications;
change controls for EUC applications.
Examples of EUC risk software include:
apparity
See also
Decentralized computing
Defensive computing
End-user development
Journal of Organizational and End User Computing
Knowledge-based engineering
Situational application
Software engineering
Usability
Usability engineering
User interface
User-centered design
References
External links
EUSES Consortium, a collaboration that researches end-user computing.
Relationship Between Leadership and EUC Efficiency
Human–computer interaction |
The 2014–15 First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was the twentieth season of the First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the second tier football league of Bosnia and Herzegovina, since its original establishment and the fifteenth as a unified federation-wide league. It began on 9 August 2014 and ended on 7 June 2015. Sloboda Tuzla were the last champions, having won their first championship title in the 2013–14 season and earning a promotion to Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Teams
League table
Statistics
Top goalscorers
External links
Official site for the Football Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Official site for the Football Federation of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
2014–15 First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina at Soccerway
2
Bos
First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina seasons |
Igor Kanygin (born 6 June 1956, in Vitebsk) is a Belarusian former wrestler who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.
References
1956 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Vitebsk
Belarusian male sport wrestlers
Olympic wrestlers for the Soviet Union
Wrestlers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Soviet male sport wrestlers
Olympic silver medalists for the Soviet Union
Olympic medalists in wrestling
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
20th-century Belarusian people
21st-century Belarusian people
Friendship Games medalists
Recipients of the Order of Friendship of Peoples
Honoured Masters of Sport of the USSR |
The Smiths Grove Presbyterian Church is a historic church at College and 2nd Streets in Smiths Grove, Kentucky. It was built around 1900 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
It is a brick building, with brick laid in American bond, with a side entry tower. A rear addition in brick is compatible with the original.
References
Presbyterian churches in Kentucky
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Kentucky
Gothic Revival church buildings in Kentucky
Churches completed in 1900
19th-century Presbyterian church buildings in the United States
Churches in Warren County, Kentucky
National Register of Historic Places in Warren County, Kentucky
1900 establishments in Kentucky |
The New Democratic Party of Quebec fielded fifty-five candidates in the 1989 Quebec provincial election, none of whom were elected.
Candidates
(n.c.: no candidate)
References
1989 |
Ad fontes is a Latin expression which means "[back] to the sources" (lit. "to the sources"). The phrase epitomizes the renewed study of Greek and Latin classics in Renaissance humanism, subsequently extended to Biblical texts. The idea in both cases was that sound knowledge depends on the earliest and most fundamental sources.
History
The phrase is related to ab initio, which means "from the beginning". Whereas ab initio implies a flow of thought from first principles to the situation at hand, ad fontes is a retrogression, a movement back towards an origin, which ideally would be clearer than the present situation.
The phrase ad fontes occurs in Psalm 42 of the Latin Vulgate:
The phrase in the humanist sense is associated with the poet Petrarch, whose poems Rerum Vulgarium Fragmenta (c.1350) use the deer imagery of the Psalm.
Erasmus of Rotterdam used the phrase in his De ratione studii ac legendi interpretandique auctores:
Similarly, the Protestant Reformation called for renewed attention to the Bible as the primary source of Christian faith.
See also
Ab initio
List of Latin phrases
Nouvelle théologie, a 20th-century theological movement that emphasized returning to the sources using the French term ressourcement
Notes
References
J.D. Tracy, Ad Fontes: The Humanist Understanding of Scripture as Nourishment for the Soul, in Christian Spirituality II: High Middle Ages and Reformation, (1987), editor Jill Raitt
External links
Classics
Latin words and phrases |
Natan Ilyich Zabara (1908-1975) was a Jewish writer born in Rogachev, a shtetl located in the Zhytomyr area of Ukraine. He wrote in Yiddish and was a member of the Union of Ukrainian Writers (Soyuz Ukrainiski Pisatelei).
In his youth, Zabara lived in Kharkiv and was an active member of the youth Zionist Movement. It was in this part of his life that he began to write and to be published. During World War II he was a special correspondent for the newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda (Red Star). After the defeat of Nazi Germany, he remained in Berlin and worked for the Russian newspaper Tägliche Rundschau.
He was arrested, along with many other Jews, during Stalin's last weeks of life, and spent four to five years in a Siberian gulag). When he was released, he moved to Kiev.
Ukrainian Jews
Ukrainian male writers
Yiddish-language writers
1908 births
1975 deaths
People from Zhytomyr Oblast |
James Ray Hess (December 1, 1936 – October 2, 2021) was an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at Angelo State University in San Angelo, Texas from 1974 to 1981, Stephen F. Austin State University in Nacogdoches, Texas from 1982 to 1988, and New Mexico State University in Las Cruces, New Mexico from 1990 to 1996, compiling career college football coaching record of 134–108–5. Hess led his 1978 Angelo State team to a NAIA Division I Football National Championship. Hess began his coaching career at the high school level in the state of Texas. He was also a scout for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL).
Early years
Hess was a native of Farmersville, Texas. He attended Farmersville High School. He later enrolled at Paris Junior College. He transferred to Southeastern Oklahoma State University after his sophomore season. He received his master's degree from the University of North Texas in 1966.
Professional career
Hess began his football coaching career at Farmersville High School in 1959, winning one district title. He then was hired as an assistant at McKinney High School from 1961 to 1962. He coached at Rockwall High School from 1963 to 1964, where his team captured the 1963 Class AA state championship. He was hired at Kilgore High School from 1965 to 1966. In 1967, he became an assistant coach at Rice University. In 1971, he returned to the high school ranks as the head coach at Sterling High School.
In 1972, he was hired at Angelo State University as the defensive coordinator. He was the head football coach from 1974 to 1981. In 1977, he was named the conference Coach of the Year. In 1978, the team went undefeated (14-0) and won the NAIA Division I Football National Championship, while he received NAIA Coach of the Year honors. He led the Rams to six Top 20 rankings and a 65-23 (.731) mark, at the time the highest winning percentage in school history. He was also one of the few coaches to win more than 100 games at the I-AA level.
He coached at Stephen F. Austin State University from 1982 to 1988, where he compiled a 47–30–2 record, including a 10–3 mark in his final season. He led the school to five winning seasons, its first-ever conference title in 1985 and earned conference Coach of the Year honors. He resigned at the end of the 1988 season with a 47-30-2 (.608) record, the highest winning percentage in school history at the time. In 1989, he was named the athletic director. During his time with the school, he was instrumental in moving the program from the NAIA to NCAA Division II and into Division I-AA, while helping to renovate the athletic facilities.
Hess was named the head coach at New Mexico State University in 1990, where he inherited a 17-game losing streak. Although his Aggie team was called the “worst team in America” in 1992 by Sports Illustrated, he led the program to its first winning season in 14 years with a 6-5 mark, while being named the Big West Coach of the Year. He was fired in 1996 after his second 1–10 season at the school. He was the fourth winningest coach in school history with a 22-55-0 record. He finished with a career college coaching record of 134–108–5.
Personal life
Hess was hired by the Dallas Cowboys as an area scout for the Midwest in 1997, where he remained until 2006. Sean Payton and him are credited with "finding" Tony Romo in 2006, then an unknown, undrafted free-agent from Division I-AA Eastern Illinois. Hess later worked for Daktronics and as color commentator for football games at Angelo State University. Hess died at the age of 84 on October 2, 2021.
Head coaching record
College
References
1936 births
2021 deaths
American football cornerbacks
American football fullbacks
Angelo State Rams football coaches
Dallas Cowboys scouts
New Mexico State Aggies football coaches
Rice Owls football coaches
Southeastern Oklahoma State Savage Storm baseball players
Southeastern Oklahoma State Savage Storm football players
Stephen F. Austin Lumberjacks and Ladyjacks athletic directors
Stephen F. Austin Lumberjacks football coaches
High school football coaches in Texas
Junior college football players in the United States
University of North Texas alumni
People from Farmersville, Texas
Players of American football from Collin County, Texas
Baseball players from Collin County, Texas |
Sha Tau Kok is a closed town in Hong Kong. The last remaining major settlement in the Frontier Closed Area, it is Hong Kong's northernmost town.
Geography
The small rural village of Sha Tau Kok is located on the northern shoreline of Starling Inlet, 10 km north-east of Fanling. The town centre is by the sea and the northern part of the town encompasses the hill known as Yuen Tuen Shan ().
A section of Starling Inlet located offshore of Sha Tau Kok is one of the 26 designated marine fish culture zones in Hong Kong.
History
At the time of the 1911 census, the population of Sha Tau Kok was 14.
In 2022, a pilot scheme was announced, where limited areas of the town were opened to tourists. As of July 2023, the government is working on a feasibility study to redevelop the border Control Point between the town and mainland China.
The Town
Sha Tau Kok on the Hong Kong side of the border is a rural town located in the North District. The town has a post office, a bank and a few shops. Most of its residents are from Hakka farming or Hoklo (Hokkien) fishing backgrounds. As both farming and fishing have declined in the past few decades, better educated younger people tend to move out and live and work in urban areas. Older villagers, however, remain, most living in the government housing complex in Sha Tau Kok or in other nearby villages. Many working families return to visit at weekends, during festivals or on holidays.
Border
Sha Tau Kok Control Point is one of Hong Kong's border crossing points at the geographical land border between Hong Kong and Shenzhen in China. The others are Man Kam To Control Point, Lo Wu Control Point, Lok Ma Chau Control Point, Lok Ma Chau Spur Line Control Point, Heung Yuen Wai Control Point and Shenzhen Bay Control Point.
The border between mainland China and Hong Kong runs along Chung Ying Street. There is a perception of it being a notorious point of goods trafficking. When the checkpoint opened, a flow of Chinese nationals entered Chung Ying Street with visiting permits. Some make several trips a day, acquiring goods and abusing the custom tariff limits on goods. These traffickers then unload their burden to collect their pay inside mainland Shatoujiao. Although there are a lot of goods leaving Hong Kong from Sha Tau Kok via Chung Ying Street, there is also an inflow of foodstuffs and other commodities that come through from China into Hong Kong throughout the day, only limited by the closure of the Chinese customs post.
The control point of the access to Shenzhen is located northwest of the hill in Shan Tsui ().
An influx of mainland China workers flow into Chung Ying Street from 7am onwards when the custom post opens. Residents from the Chung Ying Street area are free to pass in and out of the Chinese border post as they have residency passes. Other non-residents must be issued permits to enter from the Chinese authorities. Since the early 1990s Chung Ying Street has been an established tourist site famous for imported products via Hong Kong, where prices may be higher than within China.
It is possible to travel into Shatoujiao on the China side, via the Sha Tau Kok border. Coaches run at a regular schedule from Luen Wo Hui Bus Terminus, situated near the Luen Wo Market and Library complex, and from Fanling MTR station. Tickets cost HK$20 for each passenger as of 2005. Travellers are taken through the Shek Chung Au () border checkpoint without permit search, then heading directly to the Sha Tau Kok Control Point.
Here, passengers alight, go through customs, and have their documents processed, before reboarding the coach to be driven to the mainland border immigration checkpoint. They alight and take all their belongings through the mainland Chinese customs and again have their documents processed. Travellers from outside China are advised to obtain entry visas from the appropriate authorities, or via a travel agent before attempting the entry. Hong Kong residents of Chinese nationality should hold Home Return Permits () for entry into China.
On 27 January 2005, it was announced that street maps for tourists would be put up to aid tourists' navigation. A museum situated near the harbour in Chung Ying Street was built to celebrate the transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong. It has on display a history of Sha Tau Kok and its place in the incorporation of territory into British Hong Kong at the end of the 19th century. A bronze Peace Bell was installed nearby.
Public housing
Sha Tau Kok Chuen () is a public housing estate within the Closed Area built to accommodate the residents affected by the clearance in Sha Tau Kok Closed Area. It consists of 51 low-rise blocks completed in 1988, 1989 and 1991, and it is the public housing estate with the most number of blocks in Hong Kong.
Transport
The terminus of Sha Tau Kok Railway, which ceased to operate on 1 April 1929 and was replaced by Sha Tau Kok Road, was located in the town. Sha Tau Kok Railway was built from the original narrow gauge of the KCR British Section, which was replaced by standard gauge. Since then, however, the area formerly occupied by the terminus is still known as the train station or fo cha teu in the local dialects (火車頭 Pinyin:huǒchētóu). Currently, both Kowloon Motor Bus and minibus services Sha Tau Kok. There are a few shops nearby, at Sha Tau Kok Chuen.
Today, Sha Tau Kok has a bus station served by the KMB Route 78K service as well as the smaller sixteen-seater minibus or public light bus service route number 55K. Both begin in Sheung Shui and pass through Luen Wo Hui before terminating at Sha Tau Kok. However, passengers may not proceed through the Closed Area border checkpoint if they do not carry a valid permit. Police personnel will board the bus at the checkpoint to check the ID Card or identification documents and the required Frontier Closed Area permit of each passenger. If passengers do not possess these documents, they will be asked to leave the bus by police personnel.
Education
Sha Tau Kok is in Primary One Admission (POA) School Net 83. Within the school net are two aided schools (operated independently but funded with government money): Fuk Tak Education Society Primary School and Sha Tau Kok Central Primary School. No government schools are in the net.
Shan Tsui Public School () is in Sha Tau Kok. In 2013 90% of the about 200 students were Hong Kong residents living in Shenzhen.
Other schools:
Kwan Ah School
Sha Tau Kok Central Primary School
Tai Wah Public Schools
Notable people
Lee Hong Lim – Hong Kong First Division footballer
Lee Wai Lim – Hong Kong First Division footballer
See also
Kuk Po
Lai Chi Wo
List of places in Hong Kong
List of villages in Hong Kong
MacIntosh Forts
Shatoujiao Subdistrict
Yim Liu Ha
References
Further reading
(includes a translation of a description of that year)
External links
Delineation of area of existing village Sha Tau Kok Market (East) (Sha Tau Kok) for election of resident representative (2019 to 2022)
Delineation of area of existing village Sha Tau Kok Market (West Lower) (Sha Tau Kok) for election of resident representative (2019 to 2022)
Delineation of area of existing village Sha Tau Kok Market (West Upper) (Sha Tau Kok) for election of resident representative (2019 to 2022)
Details of Sha Tau Kok from HK-place.com
Details of the rural area of Sha Tau Kok from HK-place.com
Divided cities
North District, Hong Kong
Closed Area
China–Hong Kong border crossings
Hakka culture in Hong Kong
Restricted areas of Hong Kong red public minibus |
Bassettville Township is a township in Decatur County, Kansas, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 26.
Geography
Bassettville Township covers an area of and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains one cemetery, Bassettville.
References
USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
External links
US-Counties.com
City-Data.com
Townships in Decatur County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas |
Daniel Carcillo (born January 28, 1985) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey left winger. He most recently played under contract to the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL). His on-ice reputation as an enforcer has led to him being nicknamed "Car Bomb". Carcillo won a Stanley Cup as a member of the 2013 and 2015 Blackhawks. After retiring from the NHL in 2015, Carcillo created a non-profit organization that assists former NHL-players who are suffering from post-concussion syndrome and mental health issues. Carcillo is the founder and CEO of Wesana Health, a life sciences company that leverages psilocybin-based medicine to treat traumatic brain injuries.
Playing career
After being drafted 73rd overall in the 2003 NHL Entry Draft by the Pittsburgh Penguins, Carcillo was traded to the Phoenix Coyotes in exchange for Georges Laraque on February 27, 2007. During the 2007–08 regular season, he led the NHL with 324 penalty minutes.
Carcillo was traded to the Philadelphia Flyers on March 4, 2009, in exchange for Scottie Upshall and a 2011 second-round draft pick. His first goal as a Flyer came in Game 4 of the first round of the 2009 Stanley Cup playoffs against Pittsburgh.
.
Carcillo signed a one-year contract with the Chicago Blackhawks on July 1, 2011. Carcillo's season came to an early end on January 2, 2012, in a game between the Blackhawks and the Edmonton Oilers. In that game, Carcillo was assessed a five-minute major penalty and a game misconduct for boarding and attempting to injure Oilers defenceman Tom Gilbert. Both Carcillo and Gilbert were injured on the play, and Carcillo was suspended for seven games. Carcillo, however, tore the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in his left knee on the play, and underwent surgery four days later, costing him the rest of the season. On March 12, 2012, Carcillo signed a two-year contract extension with the Blackhawks through to the 2013–14 season.
Carcillo was traded to the Los Angeles Kings on July 16, 2013, in exchange for a conditional sixth-round draft pick. He was then traded to the New York Rangers on January 4, 2014, for a conditional seventh-round draft pick in 2014. On May 23, 2014, Carcillo was automatically suspended ten games during the 2014 playoffs for using physical force against a linesman while being escorted to the penalty box. On June 3, 2014, Carcillo's suspension on appeal was reduced from ten games to six by NHL Commissioner Gary Bettman.
On September 4, 2014, the Pittsburgh Penguins signed Carcillo to a professional tryout contract in order to attend their 2014 training camp. He subsequently failed to make the team and was released. On October 3, 2014, Carcillo was added to the Chicago Blackhawks' training camp roster. He agreed to a one-year, one-way contract at the league minimum of $550,000 for his second stint with the club.
On January 16, 2015, Carcillo injured Winnipeg Jets' forward Mathieu Perreault while delivering a cross-check from behind after the play had been stopped. Perreault left the game and the NHL's Department of Player Safety issued Carcillo a six-game suspension and a fine of $40,243.92 for the hit. The incident marked the twelfth time Carcillo had been fined or suspended in nine NHL seasons. The Blackhawks won 2015 Stanley Cup, and although Carcillo did not make an appearance for the Blackhawks in the 2015 Stanley Cup playoffs, his name was still engraved on the Stanley Cup.
Carcillo's reckless style of play earned him the nickname "Car Bomb".
On September 17, 2015, Carcillo announced his retirement from professional hockey.
Personal life
Carcillo was the host of a music-focused 2011 radio program entitled The Bomb Shelter on WGN Radio 720 in Chicago.
Carcillo has admitted to battling alcohol and substance abuse problems throughout his professional career. Upon joining the Blackhawks, Carcillo became friends with Steve Montador, who was also trying to overcome a substance abuse problem. Montador helped Carcillo battle his alcohol and substance dependencies, but was forced to leave the NHL after sustaining a concussion in 2012. Carcillo remained friends with Montador until the latter's unexpected death in 2015. Montador's death deeply impacted Carcillo, who was also recovering from a concussion. He called for the NHL community to play a larger role in the lives of former players that have suffered concussions. After winning the Stanley Cup in 2015, Carcillo retired from playing professional hockey and established the 'Chapter 5 Foundation', which is dedicated to helping players who are struggling with post-concussion syndrome, anxiety, or depression. Carcillo later founded Wesana Health, which offers treatment for traumatic brain injury using psilocybin.
In November 2018, Carcillo indicated that as a rookie of the 2002-03 Sarnia Sting, he and other rookies were subjected to several forms of severe hazing, which crossed over into physical and sexual assault. Carcillo's accusations were corroborated by several other former Sting teammates, who joined him in a class-action lawsuit against the Canadian Hockey League in 2020.
Carcillo lives in Chicago with his wife, Ela, and three children.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
Bold indicates led league
International
Awards and honours
References
External links
1985 births
Living people
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Canadian sportspeople of Italian descent
Chicago Blackhawks players
Concussion activists
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Los Angeles Kings players
Mississauga IceDogs players
New York Rangers players
Philadelphia Flyers players
Phoenix Coyotes players
Pittsburgh Penguins draft picks
San Antonio Rampage players
Sarnia Sting players
Sportspeople from King, Ontario
Stanley Cup champions
Wheeling Nailers players
Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins players |
Bello Emmanuel Oluwashina (born February 1, 1992, professionally known as Fresh VDM) is a Nigerian record producer, and musician. Known for producing Davido’s hit single “Fia” which was nominated for song of the year and best pop single at The Headies 2018 award.
He is currently signed to Davido Music Worldwide.
Early life and education
Bello Emmanuel Oluwashina was born in Togo, lome. He spent his childhood in Lome, Togo, before returning to Nigeria as a teen.
He went to secondary school at Vale College, Ibadan, Oyo State and studied International Relations and Diplomacy at the city's prestigious Lead City University
Career
On November 10, 2017, He produced Davido’s hit single “Fia”
In 2018 Davido officially signed him to DMW as the label in-house producer.
In 2018, he was nominated for Producer of the Year at the Soundcity MVP Awards Festival.
In 2018, He won Producer of the Year Award at All Africa Music Awards, and Producer of the Year at the City People Entertainment Awards.
Production discography
Awards and nominations
References
Nigerian hip hop record producers
Living people
1992 births |
Civitas Foundation for Civil Society is a NGO in Romania which aims to stimulate the local and regional development.
History
Civitas Foundation was founded in October 1992. The main reasons for its founding were the need to enhance the local government capacity and to stimulate the citizen's involvement in decision making and local governance. The foundation carries on activities in Transylvania, but carries on projects on national and international level (South East Europe) too.
Programs and projects
The programs and projects carried on by the foundation can be classified in four major domains which are in concordance with the strategically principles.
Rural development:
Local development officer
Integrated local development
Human resources development:
SEDAP
Continuous adult training
Elaboration of occupational standard : Programs director
Civil society development:
Citizens participation
Advice and information:
Citizens Advice Bureau (BCC Odorheiu Secuiesc)
Basic knowledge for the NGO sector
How to access ESF funds
Social partnership:
Interethnic Magazine
Developing local public administration capacity:
SEDAP
Efficient local public administration
Local policies and EU integration
Local budget policies
Services
The services provided by the foundation are structured in three categories:
Administration of a resource center to sustain the local and regional development
Training is offered in the following areas:
Public management (operational and strategic management),
Human resources management,
Institutional communication,
Project management,
Local and regional development,
Financial management in local public administration.
Consulting is offered in the following fields:
Elaboration of local and regional development strategies,
Elaboration of projects proposed for financing,
Human resources management, staff policies,
Financial management and local finances,
Legal consulting in administrative law matters,
Institutional communication,
Elaboration of promotion materials.
Target groups
The beneficiaries of the services offered by Civitas:
Local government institutions,
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs),
Private enterprises,
Other institutions involved in the local development process.
Strategic partners
Hungarian Academy for Sciences
Transylvania Highway Company
University Babes-Bolyai, Faculty of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences
Public Policy Center
Regional Training center - Békéscsaba, Hungary
LIA Deutschland
Microsoft România
Peace Corps, USA
Center of Rural Assistance
Local Councils from Alba and Cluj
Harvest Hope Pro Homorod
Foundation for Hungarian NGO's in Transylvania
Member in networks
Civitas Foundation is member in the followings networks:
RuralNet
Citizens’ Pact for SEE
Pannonforrás
Local Social Consortium – Odorheiu Secuiesc
Citizens Advice Bureau
Publications
Youth Issues and Challenges
Social Development Strategy of Odorheiu Secuiesc
Local Development Officer - policy paper
Strengthening the Capacity of Local Public Administration to Adopt and Implement Development Policies
See also
Civitas (disambiguation)
References
External links
Civitas Foundation for Civil Society (official site)
Fundatia Civitas Pentru Societatea Civila ( Fundatia Civitas ) (Online Donations for Romanian NGOs)
CIVITAS Foundation for Civil Society - Publications (CIVITAS) (MORESS - Mapping of Research in European Social Sciences and Humanities)
Non-profit organizations based in Romania
Civil society |
The International School of Business, Kolkata is a leadership and management school in Kolkata, West Bengal, India imparting management education since 2002.
The Institute, which is a part of the IndiSmart Group, Kolkata, has a global association with Edinburgh Napier University, UK and strong academic links with Queen Margaret University in Edinburgh, UK and some of the top universities and centers of excellence worldwide. The institute is located in Bidhannagar, Kolkata, the IT hub of Eastern India in a sprawling building, located close to the best known multinational IT companies like IBM, CTS, TCS, WIPRO, PWC, Siemens etc.
References
External links
Official Website
Business schools in Kolkata
Educational institutions established in 2002
2002 establishments in West Bengal |
Deville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is part of the Alexandria, Louisiana Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,007 at the 2000 census.
Geography
Deville is located at (31.346772, -92.158035).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
At the 2000 census there were 1,007 people, 363 households, and 295 families in the CDP. The population density was . There were 386 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.62% White, 0.10% African American, 1.09% Native American, and 1.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.10%.
Of the 363 households 44.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.1% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.7% were non-families. 16.3% of households were one person and 6.6% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.10.
The age distribution was 30.2% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.5 males.
The median household income was $21,700 and the median family income was $28,398. Males had a median income of $21,708 versus $16,094 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $9,618. About 14.3% of families and 17.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.4% of those under age 18 and 48.6% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Deville is a part of Rapides Parish School District. The town has two elementary schools, Buckeye Elementary and Hayden R. Lawrence Upper Elementary, and one high school, Buckeye High School. There are no K-12, middle schools, or junior high schools.
References
Census-designated places in Rapides Parish, Louisiana
Census-designated places in Louisiana
Alexandria metropolitan area, Louisiana |
An acatalectic line of verse is one having the metrically complete number of syllables in the final foot. When talking about poetry written in English the term is arguably of limited significance or utility, at least by comparison to its antonym, catalectic, for the simple reason that acatalexis is considered to be the "usual case" in the large majority of metrical contexts and therefore explicit reference to it proves almost universally superfluous.
For example, to describe Shakespeare's sonnets as having been written in iambic pentameter acatalectic would be factually accurate, but redundant and never said, because iambic pentameter is presumed to be acatalectic unless specified as being catalectic. However, in very rare contexts where catalexis might be considered probable (e.g., in English trochaic tetrameter, or in differentiating acatalectic verses from surrounding catalectic ones), explicit expression of the verse's metrical completeness may be achieved by using the term. When talking about poems published in languages other than English, the term might prove itself more useful. For example in Polish poetry acatalectic iambic lines are unusual, because feminine ending is dominant. Thus iambic pentameter in Polish is not 10-syllable long but almost always 11-syllable long.
See also
Catalectic
References
Poetic rhythm |
Euomphaloceratinae is a subfamily of Upper Cretaceous ammonites included in the Acanthoceratidae, characterized by generally evolute shells with quadrate whorl sections that are strongly ribbed. Sutures are ammonitic, but not overly complex.
Genera include:
Burroceras
Codazziceras
Euomphaloceras, (type genus)
Hourcqiceras
Kamerunoceras
Lotzeites
Morrowites
Paraburroceras
Paramammites
Pseudaspidoceras
Romaniceras
Shuparoceras
some of which have been removed from other taxa where originally placed.
Euomphaloceras, the type genus of the subfamily, was removed from the Acanthoceratinae sensu Arkell et al. 1957, Kamarunoceras and Pseuaspidoceras from the Mammitinae, sensu Arkell et al. 1957. Others were added since initial publication of the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology in 1957.
References
W.C. Arkell et al., 1957. Mesozoic Ammonoidea, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L, Mollusca 4. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.
Cyril Baudouin Taxonomique Ammonites, Ammonites et autres fossiles
Euomphaloceratinae, in ammonites.fr
Acanthoceratidae
Cenomanian first appearances
Coniacian extinctions
Prehistoric animal subfamilies |
The Prehistory of Siberia is marked by several archaeologically distinct cultures. In the Chalcolithic, the cultures of western and southern Siberia were pastoralists, while the eastern taiga and the tundra were dominated by hunter-gatherers until the Late Middle Ages and even beyond. Substantial changes in society, economics and art indicate the development of nomadism in the Central Asian steppes in the first millennium BC.
History of research
Scholarly research of the archaeological background of the region between the Urals and the Pacific began in the reign of Peter the Great (1682-1725), who ordered the collection of Scythian gold hoards and thereby rescued the contents of several robbed graves before they were melted down. During his reign, several expeditions were charged with the scientific, anthropological and linguistic research of Siberia, including the Second Kamchatka Expedition of the Dane Vitus Bering (1733-1743). Scholars also took an interest in archaeology and carried out the first archaeological excavations of Siberian kurgans. After a temporary reduction of interest in the first half of the nineteenth century, archaeological research in Siberia reached new heights in the late nineteenth century. Excavations were particularly intense in South Siberia and Central Asia. The results of the October Revolution 1917 created different, often restricted, conditions for archaeological research, but led to even larger projects, especially rescue excavations as a result of gigantic building projects. Eventually, even remote areas of the Soviet Union such as Sakha and Chukotka, were archaeologically explored. After the Second World War, these developments continued. Following the Collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, much more intensive collaboration with the west became possible.
Topography
Siberia is characterised by a great deal of variety in climate, vegetation, and landscape. In the west, Siberia is bordered by the Ural Mountains. From there, the west Siberian lowlands extend to the east, all the way to the river Yenisei. Beyond this are the central Siberian highlands which are bordered on the east by the basin of the Lena River, beyond that are the northeast Siberian highlands. Siberia is bordered on the south by a rough chain of mountains and to the southwest by the hills of the Kazakh border. The climate in Siberia is very variable. Yakutia, northeast of the Lena, is among the coldest places on Earth, but every year temperatures may vary for more than 50 °C, from as low as −50 °C in winter to over +20 °C in summer. The rainfall is very low. This is true of the southwest as well, where steppes, deserts and semi-deserts border on one another.
Agriculture is only possible in Siberia without artificial irrigation today between 50° and 60° north. The climatic situation is responsible for the different biomes of the region. In the northernmost section, there is tundra with minimal vegetation. The largest part of Siberia, aside from the mountainous regions, is taiga, northern coniferous forests. In the southwest this becomes forested steppe, and even further south it transitions to grass steppes and the central Asian desert. Before the beginning of the Holocene about 12,000 years ago, the situation was different. During the Weichselian glaciation (from before 115,000 years ago until 15,000 years ago), the tundra extended much further south and an ice sheet covered the Urals and the area to the east of the lower Yenisei.
Historical overview
Paleolithic
Late Paleolithic southern Siberians appear to be related to paleolithic Europeans and the paleolithic Jōmon people of Japan. Various scholars point out similarities between the Jōmon and paleolithic and Bronze Age Siberians. A genetic analyses of HLA I and HLA II genes as well as HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 gene frequencies links the Ainu people and some Indigenous peoples of the Americas, especially populations on the Pacific Northwest Coast such as Tlingit, to paleolithic southern Siberians.
Mesolithic to Neolithic (until c. 2400 BC)
Finds from the Lower Paleolithic appear to be attested between east Kazakhstan and Altai. The burial of a Neanderthal child found in 1938 shows similarities with the Mousterian of Iraq and Iran. In the Upper Palaeolithic, by contrast, most remains are found in the Urals, where, among other things, rock carvings depicting mammoths are found, in Altai, on the upper Yenissei, west of Lake Baikal and around 25,000 on the shore of the Laptev Sea, north of the arctic circle. The remains of huts have been found in the settlement of Mal'ta near Irkutsk. Sculptures of animals and women (Venus figurines) recall the European Upper Palaeolithic. The Siberian Palaeolithic continues well into the European Mesolithic. In the postglacial period, the taiga developed. Microliths, which are common elsewhere, have not been found.
In North Asia, the Neolithic (c. 5500–3400 BC) is mostly a chronological term, since there is no evidence for agriculture or even pastoralism in Siberia during the central European Neolithic. However, the neolithic cultures of North Asia are distinguished from the preceding Mesolithic cultures and far more visible as a result of the introduction of pottery.
Southwest Siberia reached a neolithic cultural level during the Chalcolithic, which began here towards the end of the fourth millennium BC, which roughly coincided with the introduction of copper–working. In the northern and eastern regions, there is no detectable change.
Bronze Age (c. 2400–800 BC)
In the second half of the third millennium BC, bronzeworking reached the cultures of western Siberia. Chalcolithic groups in the eastern Ural foothills developed the so-called Andronovo culture, which took various local forms. The settlements of Arkaim, Olgino and Sintashta are particularly notable as the earliest evidence for urbanisation in Siberia. In the valleys of the Ob and Irtysh the same ceramic cultures attested there during the neolithic continue; the changes in the Baikal region and Yakutia were very slight.
In the middle Bronze Age (c. 1800–1500 BC), the west Siberian Andronovo culture expanded markedly to the east and even reached the Yenissei valley. In all the local forms of the Andronovo culture, homogenous ceramics are found, which also extended to the cultures on the Ob. Here, however, unique neolithic ceramic traditions were maintained as well.
With the beginning of the late Bronze Age (c. 1500–800 BC), crucial cultural developments took place in southern Siberia. The Andronovo culture dissolved; its southern successors produced an entirely new form of pottery, with bulbous ornamental elements. At the same time the southern cultures also developed new forms of bronze working, probably as a result of influence from the southeast. These changes were especially significant in the Baikal region. There, the chalcolithic material culture which had continued up to this time was replaced by a bronze-working pastoralist culture. There and in Yakutia, bronze was only used as a material for the first time at this point.
The Ymyakhtakh culture (c. 2200–1300 BC) was a Late Neolithic culture of Siberia, with a very large archaeological horizon. Its origins seem to be in the Lena river basin of Yakutia, and also along the Yenisei river. From there it spread both to the east and to the west.
Iron Age (c. 800 BC - AD 500)
The cultural continuity on the Ob continued in the first millennium BC, as the Iron Age began in Siberia; the local ceramic style continues there even in this period. A much larger break occurred in the central Asian steppe: the sedentary, predominantly pastoralist society of the late Bronze Age is replaced by the mobile horse nomads which would continue to dominate this region until modern times. The mobility, which the new cultural form enabled, unleashed a powerful dynamic, since henceforth the people of Central Asia were able to move across the steppe in great numbers. The neighbouring sedentary cultures were not unaffected by this development. Ancient China was threatened by the Xiongnu and their neighbours, the ancient states of modern Iran were opposed by the Massagetae and Sakas, and the Roman empire eventually was confronted by the Huns. The social changes are clearly indicated in the archaeological finds. Settlements are no longer found, members of the new elite were buried in richly furnished kurgans and completely new forms of art developed.
In the damper steppes to the north, the sedentary pastoralist culture of the late Bronze Age developed under the influence of the material culture of the nomads. Proto-urban settlements like Tshitsha form the late Irmen culture in west Siberia and the settlements in the north of the Xiongnu cultural area.
Subsequent period
In many places the transition to later periods remains problematic due to the lack of archaeological evidence. Nevertheless, some generalisations are possible. In the Central Asian steppes, Turkic groups become detectable sometime in the 5th century; over the following centuries, they expand to the north and west until eventually they brought the whole of southern Siberia under their control. The area further north, where the speakers of Uralic and Paleosiberian languages were located is still poorly known. The next clear break in the history of Siberia is the Russian expansion into the east which began in the 16th century and only concluded in the 19th century. This process marks the beginning of modernity in Siberia
Peoples and languages
Reliable historical evidence for the area first appears at the beginning of the first millennium BC, with sources from the Near East. Greek and Chinese sources are also available from slightly later. Thus, certain statements about the peoples and languages of the region are only possible from the Iron Age. For earlier times and the northern part of Siberia, only archaeological evidence is available. Some theories, like the Kurgan hypothesis of Marija Gimbutas, attempt to relate hypothetical language families to archaeological cultures, but this is a highly uncertain procedure.
Sure statements are possible only since the first millennium BC, when neighbouring literate cultures came into contact with the people of the steppe. In the steppes north of the Black Sea and east of the Caspian Sea, Greek, Assyrian and Persian sources attest to horse nomads, which can be identified as speakers of Iranian languages. The first reports from ancient China of the nomads north of China date from the same period. Along with various unidentified groups from Shang and Zhou dynasty texts, the Xiongnu are worthy of mention. Based on personal names and titles transmitted by the Chinese sources, different scholars have attempted to identify the language of the Xiongnu as an early Turkic language, a proto-Mongolic language or a Yeniseian language. At the beginning of the early Middle Ages, the Iranian peoples disappeared and in their place Turkic peoples expanded across the region between the eastern edge of Europe and northeastern Siberia. In the areas to the north of the Asiatic steppes, speakers of Uralic and Palaeo-Siberian languages are suspected to have been settled; in the Middle Ages, Turkic peoples appear here as well, but their prehistoric extent is not clear.
Cultures
Siberia before the Chalcolithic
The earliest known archaeological finds from Siberia date to the Lower Palaeolithic. In various places in West Siberia, the Baikal region and Yakutia, storage places from early Neolithic times have been found, which often remained in use for centuries. Alongside tent settlements which leave no traces in the ground, there were also huts, often dug slightly into the ground, whose walls and roofs were made of animal bone and reindeer antlers. Tools and weapons were mostly made from flint, slate and bone, with few discernable differences between them despite their immense chronological and geographical scope. In some settlements, early artworks have been found, which consist of human, animal and abstract sculptures and carvings. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic inhabitants of Siberia were hunter-gatherers, whose prey consisted of mammoths and reindeer, and occasionally fish as well. In the 6th millennium BC, pottery spread across the whole of Siberia, which scholars treat as the beginning of the Siberian neolithic. Unlike Europe and the Near East, this event did not mark a major change in lifestyle, economy or culture.
Hunter-gatherers in Yakutia and the Baikal region
The prehistoric inhabitants of the vast areas of taiga and tundra east of the Yenissei and north of Baikal differ in many ways from the prehistoric cultures of the other parts of north Asia. There is stronger evidence than usual for settlement continuity here from the Mesolithic until the second half of the first millennium AD, when the not yet entirely clear transition to the Medieval period occurred. Despite the enormous geographic extent of the area, only minor local differences are visible, indicating very mobile, nomadic inhabitants. The earliest culture in Yakutia to make ceramic was the Syalakh culture, which have been dated by radiocarbon dating to the 5th millennium BC. They are known from a type of pottery decorated with net patterns and bands of puncture marks. Their remains include weapons and tools made from flint and bone. A series of settlements, some of which were already in use in the Mesolithic, are known, at which the finds are limited to hearths and pits, while remains of buildings are entirely absent. Thus, the people responsible for the Syalakh culture were nomads who survived from hunting and fishing and inhabited certain spots on a seasonal basis.
This culture gradually transitions into the Belkachi culture (named after the Belkachi settlement in Yakutia) without any clear break. Their pottery features cord decorations, stripes, zigzag lines and such like. Their dead were buried on their backs in earthen graves. Otherwise, no major differences from the preceding culture are visible.
The Ymyyakhtakh culture (2200–1300 BC) is marked out by a new kind of "waffle ceramic", whose upper side is decorated with textile impressions and takes on a waffle-like appearance as a result. Towards the end of the 2nd millennium BC, bronzeworking reached Yakutia. Ymyyakhtakh settlements already feature bronze artifacts.
followed next. In the first millennium BC, an independent culture developed on the Taymyr Peninsula, which shared its basic features with the Ust-Mil culture. The Iron Age began in Yakutia around the 5th century BC, but apart from the adoption of iron weapons and tools it does not mark a major change in the material culture.
The cultural development in neolithic and chalcolithic Baikal region, where the circumstances were similar to those in Yakutia until the appearance of the late Bronze Age Slab Grave culture. Here too there were some multi-layer storage places which extended back to the Mesolithic period, with hearths, waste pits and storage pits but no remains of buildings. The pottery was similar to that in Yakutia and shows a more or less parallel course of development. The burials are mostly stretched out on their backs, but often the graves were covered by stone slabs. An exception is the area of the Onon River, where crouching graves are found. Grave goods and bone finds indicate that the inhabitants lived by hunting bears, fish, elk and beavers, as well as some fish. The importance of the hunt to their culture is indicated by carvings on bones and rock faces. Their main subjects are people hunting animals. Unlike in Yakutia, pastoralism was adopted in the Baikal region before the Middle Ages; the earliest evidence comes from the chalcolithic Glazkov culture.
Sedentary societies of West Siberia and the Baikal region
From the Neolithic or early in the Chalcolithic, sedentary groups in which pastoralism played an important economic role developed in southwestern Siberia. The transition to the new economic system and to sedentarism was very smooth. Subsequently, it spread to the Baikal region, where the influence of northern China may also have played a role.
Ceramics
Through the whole Siberian prehistoric period from the Neolithic until the Iron Age, there are a very limited range of ceramic types. The vast majority of ceramic finds are round bulbous vessels, often with folded edges. In the Neolithic they mostly had concave bases, while later flat bases became more common. In the eastern part of the west Siberian forest steppe, on the Ob, Irtysh and Yenissei, decoration consisted of comb patterns, puncture rows and dimples, arranged in long series or fields (right image). In the course of the dramatic growth of the Andronovo culture in the middle Bronze Age, another type spread through the region. Examples of it are decorated with meander bands, herringbone patterns and triangles (left image). These ceramic types endured even into the Iron Age in west Siberia, yet a stark decline in decoration is observable, contemporary with the entrance of the Scythian and Hunnic Sarmatian nomads. This applies even to the nomadic cultures themselves.
Art and small finds
Excepting the abstract decoration of the pottery, which has been dealt with above, artistic products are found in south Siberia only in the early Bronze Age.
Artefacts from the Karakol culture in Altai and the Okunev culture in the middle Yenissei include anthropomorphic motifs on stone plates and steles; the Okunev culture also produced humanoid sculptures. The art of the Samus culture of the upper Ob is related to these. In addition to humanoid sculptures and human heads engraved in pottery, the Samus culture also produced ceramic phalli and animal heads. Members of the nearby Susgun culture produced humanoid figures in bone. The only artistic products of the late Bronze Age are early South Siberian deer stones, stone steles decorated with images of deer, which were subsequently imitated by Scythian art.
The early Iron Age animal style of the south Siberian horse nomads only influenced the cultures of the west Siberian lowlands a little. An entirely unique style was developed by the Kulaika culture and its neighbours in the middle and lower Ob. Here bronze figures of animals and people were manufactured, in which eagles and bears played a particularly important role.
Architecture
The predominant building material in prehistoric north Asia was wood; stone was used for foundations at most. Most houses were tight structures, sunk less than 1 metre into the earth and had a rectangular or circular ground plan; oval or polygonal ground plans occur rarely. The structure of the roofs may have been pitched wooden constructions or saddle roofs. In many cultures, a small, corridor-like porch was built in front of the entrance. One or more hearths were found in the inner house.
Floodplains and lakesides were the preferred settlement locations. Settlements could take entirely different forms in different cultures; small groups of houses, large unfortified settlements, fortified city-like settlements and elevated fortress complexes are all found. Small village-like groups of houses are found in great numbers in all the sedentary cultures. In some cases, such as the chalcolithic settlement of Botai on the Ishim river, settlements experienced substantial expansion. It was not unusual for larger settlements to have walls and extramural graveyards, as in the case of the west Siberian settlements of Sintashta and Tshitsha. The inner space of these city-like settlements was densely and regularly packed with rectangular houses, indicating a form of town planning. The fortified settlements in elevated locations, like those located in the Minusinsk Hollow and Khakassia in the bronze and Iron Ages are usually distinguished from these settlements by their small size. Their purpose is still unclear; they may have been temporary refuges, the seats of elites, or sanctuaries.
Society
Unlike the nomadic groups of earlier times and of northeastern Siberia, complex social structures can be detected in sedentary groups in West Siberia in the early Bronze Age. Their existence is indicated by the city-like settlements and by the social differentiation indicated by differences in their grave goods. In the middle Bronze Age, this development seems to have reversed and social differentiation is only detectable again in the late Bronze Age and the Iron Age. Since the northern part of west Siberia was unknown to ancient literate cultures and the ancient inhabitants of this region have left no literary source material themselves, it is very difficult to make detailed statements about their society. In reference to the settled populations of the Wusun, who settled in the Tianshan and Zhetysu, Chinese sources indicate the existence of a king and several nobles.
Economy
The economy of the sedentary population in prehistoric Siberia was dominated by pastoralism. Cattle were intensively farmed in all cultures, as were sheep and goats. The raising of horses became very significant in western Siberia, particularly with the beginning of the Iron Age. A somewhat different image is given by the finds from the Xiongnu, who had also domesticated pigs and dogs. Hunting and fishing were initially an important supplement, but lost a lot of their significance over time.
Based on important tool remains and the possible remains of irrigation systems, a wide use of agriculture has been proposed by many researchers, but other scholars state that remains of cereals and other clear evidence are only found in the southernmost cultures, as remains of the Wusun of the Tianshan and Zhetysu. There, as in the northern parts of the Xiongnu territory, millet was cultivated and traces of wheat and rice have also been found. Millet seeds are also found in graves from Tuva, possibly indicating that a hitherto unknown population of settled agriculturalists, who might have been responsible for the area's metal-working, existed there alongside the horse nomads.
From the chalcolithic, ore mining and metallurgy also occurred. This is shown by finds of slag, tools and workshops in various cultural contexts.
Religion and funerary practices
The burial customs of the sedentary societies were characterised by great variation. In the west Siberian chalcolithic, simple flat graves are found, in which the corpse is laid flat on its back. In the early Bronze Age, kurgans were erected for the first time, whose inhabitants were members of a newly developed warrior class (to judge from the grave goods interred with them) and were not buried in simple pits, but in wooden or stone structures. Already in the middle Bronze Age phase of the Andronovo culture, kurgans are found, but without differentiation of their grave goods. The corpse was interred in a crouched position or cremated. In the somewhat later Karasuk culture on the middle Yenissei, the tombs include rectangular stone enclosures, which were further developed into the stone-cornered kurgans characteristic of the area by the Tagar culture in the Iron Age. A special position belongs to the early Iron Age Slab Grave culture in the Transbaikal area; their dead were sometimes interred in stone cist graves. The burial of corpses lying on their backs which was practiced in west Siberia continued in the developing Scythian cultures of south Siberia, which is dealt with separately along with the other horse nomad cultures below.
Only isolated sanctuaries are known. Among them are the many burnt offering places found near the necropolis of the chalcolithic Afanasevo culture in south Siberia. They consisted of simple stone circles containing ashes, pottery, animal bones and tools made of copper, stone and bone. The many circular buildings containing wooden stakes and walls, in the necropoleis near the early Bronze Age settlement of Sintashta, are probably cult buildings.
Iron age steppe people of central and eastern Asia
The horse nomads who were characteristic of the Asiatic steppe until modern times are a relatively recent phenomenon. Even in the late second millennium BC, settled pastoralists lived in the arid regions of Central Asia. They were replaced by the early horse nomads in the course of the first millennium BC in ways which are not entirely clear.
The transition to the sedentary groups further north was fluid in many places. The inhabitants of the Minusinsk hollow remained settled pastoralists even in the Iron Age, but their cultural development shows strong affinities to the neighbouring nomads. The Xiongnu in Transbaikal region show characteristics of both horse nomads and settled pastoralists and farmers. The situation in northern Tianshan and Zhetysu is remarkable: in the early Iron Age the nomadic Sakas lived there, but the region was subsequently taken over by the sedentary Wusun.
The earlier nomadic cultures are referred to collectively by archaeologists using the term "Scythian", which is the ancient Greek term for a group of horse nomads living north of the Black Sea; in a wider sense it referred to all horse nomads in the Eurasian steppe. The third century AD marks the beginning of the Hunnic-Sarmatian period, named after two nomadic groups from southern Russia, which continued until the establishment of the Khaganate of the Gokturks in the sixth century AD.
Art
While the art of the settled cultures of the Asiatic steppe in the Bronze Age was dominated by anthropomorphic motifs, the advent of the horse nomads was accompanied by the development of the Scytho-Sarmatian animal style, which all the steppe people of Asia and eastern Europe shared. Its basic motifs were taken from a repertoire of wild animals, with a remarkable absence of animals which were significant to the daily life of the horse nomads. Thus depictions of horses and of people are extremely rare. Instead, the common motifs are deer, mostly lying down, elk, big cats (which must indicate Near Eastern influence), griffins and hybrids. Individual animals sometimes appear rolled up together as a "rolled animal", pairs of different animal species may be interlaced in a purely ornamental way, or depicted fighting one another. A line of the members of the same species often appear in borders, while individual parts of animals, like their heads, often serve as ornaments.
Especially in the western steppes metal wares are found almost exclusively decorated with elements of the animal style; in the permafrost of south Siberia and Transbaikal, felt carpets and other textiles with elements from the animal style are also found, among which a felt swan stuffed with moss deserves special attention. Stone was only used a little, mostly in the so-called "deer stele," probably anthropomorphic grave stele, which were decorated with deer and are found in south Siberia, Transbaikalia and Mongolia. Finally, the bodies of important people were tattooed with motifs from the animal style.
The origins of the animal style are unclear. Based on possible interactions with ancient eastern art, a strong influence from the south has been proposed. The early dating of some pieces from southern Siberia however, makes a local development on the steppes themselves more likely. It is certain however that especially in central Asia and the area north of the Black Sea, Greek and Persian art had a great influence on the art of the steppe peoples.
Society
Known features, which were shared by the societies of the horse nomad cultures of the Bronze Age, include a powerful warrior elite, whose wealth and strength is clear from their elaborate grave goods. Particularly interesting in this context are the Chinese reports which provide detailed descriptions of the society of the Xiongnu. According to them, the population was divided into clan-like groups, which gathered together in large clan alliances. Their leaders stood in a strict hierarchy and were all under the authority of the Chanyu, the commander of the entire Xiongnu confederacy.
Economy
The horse nomads of Inner Asia were nomadic pastoralists and probably travelled about in rather small groups. They particularly focussed on sheep, goats and horses, and in some regions other animals, such as the camel. Agriculture was undertaken by parallel settled populations, but probably did not play an important role. Ore mining and metal working which are known for some nomadic cultures, was probably undertaken by very elusive settled groups as well.
Religion and funerary practices
All horse nomad cultures shared the burial of the dead in barrow graves which are known as kurgans. Their size is very variable, with a radius of between 2 and 50 metres and a height of less than one or more than 18 metres, evidently reflecting differences in social hierarchy.
In some regions, kurgans are surrounded by various kinds of stone enclosure. The more or less rectangular tombs of the later Tagar culture were sometimes surrounded by a row of stones at the edge of the kurgan mound, which was broken up by higher stones at regular intervals - later these were usually just at the corners. In the Iron Age culture of Tuva, some but not all kurgans were surrounded by a rectangular or round stone wall. The kurgans themselves were partially built of earth and partially of stone, with regional variation.
In the ground beneath the kurgan was buried one or (very often) more tombs. The corpse lay either in a wooden chamber or a stone cist. The grave goods found along with them indicate that wooden chambers were reserved for people of higher status. While in burials from the Bronze Age the corpses were usually in a crouching position, in the Iron Age they were usually laid on their backs. Evidence for the handling of the dead are only known from Altai and Tuva, were some bodies are preserved as ice mummies by the permafrost, making detailed analysis possible. In these locations, the guts and muscles were removed before burial and the resulting holes were stitched closed with tendons and horse hair. It is uncertain whether damage to the skull reflects injuries that occurred before death or were made after death. Ritual trepanation cannot be assumed. After the guts were removed, distinguished corpses were tattooed and embalmed. These traditions are described also by the Greek historian Herodotus, who included material on the Scythians north of the Black Sea in his 5th century BC work, and is the main Greek source on the Scythians. Even his report of cannabis inhalation in small groups during the funeral have been corroborated by finds from the Pazyryk burials. This corroboration not only affirms the accuracy of Herodotus, but also indicates the cultural homogeneity of the steppe peoples of west Siberia, Central Asia and the region north of the Black Sea. The great kurgans of the Xiongnu present a rather different picture, however. There the burial chambers are deeper and were accessed by a ramp.
Along with the corpse, the burial chambers also contained grave goods, whose richness could vary dramatically. Ordinary mounted warriors were buried with a fully equipped horse and weapons, women were buried with a horse, a knife and a mirror. The burials of higher ranking people were much richer. These could include up to twentyfive richly outfitted horses and an elaborate chariot; the actual burial chamber was built from wooden planks (often larch). The corpse, with a woman who probably accompanied him in death, lay, clothed, in a long treetrunk coffin. In Noin Ula in Mongolia, a woman's braids were interred instead of the woman herself. Outstanding examples of kurgans include the necropoleis of Pazyryk in Altai, Noin Ula in Mongolia, and Arzhan in Tuva, where organic matter was preserved by the permafrost. Thus, felt carpets which decorated the inner walls of the burial chamber, decorated saddles and various kinds of clothing were also found. Although many large kurgans have been robbed of their contents by grave robbers, exceptional examples still remain, including countless gold objects.
On account of the general absence of written source material, research on the religion of the steppe people is based on parallels with later peoples and on the archaeological finds themselves. The funerary rituals leave no doubt about the belief in an afterlife, in which the dead had need of the same material items which they had in life – hence their burial with them.
See also
References
Literature
Chester S. Chard: Northeast Asia in Prehistory. The University of Wisconsin Press, Madison 1974. (Short overview)
Michail Grjasnow: Südsibirien. Archaeologia Mundi. Nagel, Genf 1970 (From the Copper Age)
Karl Jettmar: Die frühen Steppenvölker. Der eurasiatische Tierstil. Entstehung und sozialer Hintergrund. Holle, Baden-Baden 1964
Владимир Иванович Матющенко: Древняя история Сибири Omsk 1999 (Wladimir Iwanowitsch Matjuschtschenko: Drewnjaja istorija Sibiri.) (Russian general overview)
М. Г. Мошкова (Ed.): Степная полоса азиатской части СССР в скифо-сарматское время. Moskau 1992. (Discusses the steppe people of South Siberia and Mongolia)
Hermann Parzinger: Die frühen Völker Eurasiens. Vom Neolithikum bis zum Mittelalter. Historische Bibliothek der Gerda-Henkel-Stiftung, Band 1 Beck, München 2006 (Detailed overview)
S. I. Rudenko: Die Kultur der Hsiung-nu und die Hügelgräber von Noin Ula. Antiquitas, Reihe 3, Band 7. Rudolf Habelt, Bonn 1969
External links
Collection of the Hermitage
Archaeology of Siberia
Siberia
Siberia |
The 1946 Wiley Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented Wiley College in the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 1946 college football season. In their 24th season under head coach Fred T. Long, the team compiled a 6–3–1 record (4–2 against SWAC opponents), finished in second place in the SWAC, and outscored opponents by a total of 234 to 65.
The Dickinson System rated Wiley in a tie for No. 12 among the black college football teams for 1946.
Schedule
References
Wiley
Wiley Wildcats football seasons
Wiley Wildcats football |
```python
import asyncio
import os
import sys
from urllib.parse import urlparse
from gql import Client, gql
from gql.transport.appsync_auth import AppSyncApiKeyAuthentication
from gql.transport.appsync_websockets import AppSyncWebsocketsTransport
# Uncomment the following lines to enable debug output
# import logging
# logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
async def main():
# Should look like:
# path_to_url
url = os.environ.get("AWS_GRAPHQL_API_ENDPOINT")
api_key = os.environ.get("AWS_GRAPHQL_API_KEY")
if url is None or api_key is None:
print("Missing environment variables")
sys.exit()
# Extract host from url
host = str(urlparse(url).netloc)
print(f"Host: {host}")
auth = AppSyncApiKeyAuthentication(host=host, api_key=api_key)
transport = AppSyncWebsocketsTransport(url=url, auth=auth)
async with Client(transport=transport) as session:
subscription = gql(
"""
subscription onCreateMessage {
onCreateMessage {
message
}
}
"""
)
print("Waiting for messages...")
async for result in session.subscribe(subscription):
print(result)
asyncio.run(main())
``` |
Circipania () was a medieval territory in what is now northeastern Germany. The name derives from Latin circum (around) and Pane (the Peene River). The region was enclosed roughly by the upper Recknitz, Trebel and Peene rivers, the western border ran east of Güstrow. The region developed in the 10th and 11th centuries, when it was the tribal territory of the Circipanes (), a West Slavic tribe which along with the neighboring tribes was a part of the Lutici federation. The main burghs were Teterow, Malchin, and Demmin.
In 936, the Circipania was incorporated into the Billung March of the Holy Roman Empire. The Circipanes were one of the four constituent tribes of the Lutici federation centered on Rethra, which started a successful uprising in 983. Rid of the empire's overlordship, the Circipanes stayed with the Liutizians until the federation broke apart due to internal struggles in the 1050s, culminating dissolution in 1057. The Redarians and Tollensians opposed the Circipanes and Kessinians struggling for more influence within the federative administration, and allied with the Obodrites. The Obodrites successfully invaded Circipania and made it a province of their realm. The internal struggles had weakened the area, such that in the following year it became the target of numerous expeditions of an expansive Holy Roman Empire during their Wendish Crusade in 1147), then by Denmark in the raid of 1170, and finally by the Duchy of Pomerania which subdued and incorporated the area into Pomerania-Demmin in the late 12th century. The last of the territory was invaded by Mecklenburg and subdued in the early 1230s.
The 1230s marked the end of Circipania as a distinct territory as well as the end of the Circipanes. Pomerania-Demmin was in a miserable position and lost most of the territory to the Margrave of Brandenburg in the Treaty of Kremmen in 1236. Thus, Pomerania-Demmin could not counter the Mecklenburgian advance led by Borwin III of Rostock. Circipania would stay divided with Mecklenburg controlling the western bulk with Güstrow and Teterow, and Pomerania controlling the eastern smaller part around Demmin. Later the Mecklenburg part divided into Mecklenburg-Rostock and Mecklenburg-Werle, and the name Circipania dropped out of use.
Though Circipania vanished as a name from political maps, it was still visible on Roman Catholic ecclesiastic maps as the Pomeranian province of the Diocese of Cammin, because the borders of this province did not differ from that of Circipania and remained as they were before the conquest.
The Circipanes, whose numbers already dwindled due to the previous warfare, were assimilated by the German settlers called in by Wartislaw III, Duke of Pomerania before the Mecklenburg conquest, and by Mecklenburg knights during the Ostsiedlung.
See also
List of medieval Slavic tribes
Sources
Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, pp. 23ff,
Joachim Herrmann et al., Die Slawen in Deutschland
History of Pomerania
Lechites |
Rzeczków is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skierniewice, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately south of Skierniewice and east of the regional capital Łódź.
References
Villages in Skierniewice County |
School of Rock is an American musical-comedy television series developed by Jim Armogida and Steve Armogida that premiered on Nickelodeon on March 12, 2016. It ran for three seasons, with its final episode airing on April 8, 2018. The series is based on the 2003 film of the same name and stars Breanna Yde, Ricardo Hurtado, Jade Pettyjohn, Lance Lim, Aidan Miner, Tony Cavalero, and Jama Williamson.
Series overview
Episodes
Season 1 (2016)
Season 2 (2016–17)
Season 3 (2017–18)
References
Lists of American children's television series episodes
Lists of American comedy television series episodes
Lists of Nickelodeon television series episodes |
Nesah Kuh Veysi Chin (, also Romanized as Nesah Kūh Veysī Chīn; also known as Nesā Kūh) is a village in Chin Rural District, Ludab District, Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 194, in 28 families.
References
Populated places in Boyer-Ahmad County |
Deh-e Now (, also Romanized as Deh-e Now and Deh Now) is a village in Bala Velayat Rural District, Bala Velayat District, Bakharz County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 232, in 46 families.
References
Populated places in Bakharz County |
Majin Tensei is a series of strategy video games published by Atlus. It is a spin-off from Atlus' Megami Tensei franchise, and began with 1994's Majin Tensei. Since then, four further titles have been released: Majin Tensei II: Spiral Nemesis (1995), Ronde (1997), Majin Tensei: Blind Thinker (2007) and Majin Tensei: Blind Thinker II (2008). The player navigates a field seen from a top-down or three-quarters perspective as a human character, and battles demons; they can also recruit demons, and fuse multiple allied demons to create new, stronger demons.
The various titles have been developed by Atlus, Multimedia Intelligence Transfer and Bbmf Corporation, and feature music by Hidehito Aoki and Misaki Okibe. Aoki made use of ambient music, while also incorporating other elements into the compositions, including funk and synthesized piano. Soundtrack albums for the first two games were published by Pony Canyon, and a Majin Tensei manga was published by Enix. The series' gameplay, visuals and music have all been well received by critics, with particular praise to the demon fusion, the large character art and backgrounds for the battle scenes, and the use of ambient music. An exception was Ronde, which was heavily criticized, particularly for its visuals.
Games
was released on January 28, 1994 for the Super Famicom. It was re-released through the Nintendo Power flash memory service on December 1, 1997, and digitally through the Virtual Console service for Wii and Wii U on September 6, 2011 and July 15, 2015. It is set in a Japanese city that has been invaded by demons, and focuses on gameplay rather than plot; the player takes the role of the Hero, and joins forces with the Heroine.
was released on February 19, 1995 for the Super Famicom. It was re-released through the Nintendo Power service on December 1, 1997, and through Virtual Console for Wii and Wii U on December 13, 2011 and June 1, 2016. It has a larger focus on narrative than the first game, and is set in Tokyo following a demon invasion. Naoki Takauchi defends the city with his friends, but has to reunite them after their base of operations gets invaded; he is aided in this by a young girl named Aya.
was released on October 30, 1997 for the Sega Saturn. It is set in the near future, and follows Asuka, Satoshi, Keita, Sakurako, and Charlie, who try to save Asuka's younger brother after he has been kidnapped by a living statue of Moloch in a demon museum.
was released on August 15, 2007 for mobile phones. It is set in Neo Tokyo in the year "20XX", where a project to develop new energy technology is underway, and follows the Hero and a man who accompanies him.
was released on March 14, 2008 for mobile phones. It is set in Tokyo, and follows Takeru and the artificially created demon Zora.
Gameplay
The Majin Tensei titles are strategy games in which the player takes the role of a human character who battles against demons. They navigate a field – seen in a top-down perspective in Majin Tensei and in a three-quarters perspective starting in Majin Tensei II – with characters represented by small, stick figure-like sprites, and switch to scenes with large, detailed characters when engaging in battle; in the first Majin Tensei, only the opponent is shown in battle scenes, while Majin Tensei II uses a split-screen presentation to show both sides. Ronde is an exception, and instead uses 3D graphics with a scrolling camera. On the field, the player can access pools that regenerate their energy, and starting in Majin Tensei II, they can use the terrain to gain an advantage in battles, increasing their defense rating. The player can also use items, which are bought using money they earn from battles. To attack enemies or support allies, the player needs to move their units on the field so that they are adjacent to the target of the action.
In addition to fighting, the player can choose to talk to demons encountered on the field, and attempt to recruit them to their party; the success of this depends on the player's level, with more powerful demons only being recruitable if the player's level is sufficiently high. In Ronde, the player does not initiate these conversations themselves, however: instead, defeated demons sometimes choose to talk to the player, and sometimes decide to join their party. Like in other Megami Tensei games, the player can fuse multiple allied demons with each other, thereby creating more powerful demons. In Ronde, the player can form contracts with demons, allowing human characters to use demon magic. Demons are fueled by magnetite, so the player needs to manage the supply of this, and thus cannot have too many allied demons on the field at once or take too long to finish a battle. By clearing battles, the player can advance to the next chapter. The games' stories are affected by player choices, and have multiple endings.
Development
The first two games were developed by Atlus, while Ronde was handled by Multimedia Intelligence Transfer, and the Blind Thinker titles by Bbmf Corporation. All the games were published by Atlus in Japan; none of them have been released in English, but the user interface of Majin Tensei II is in English rather than Japanese, and English fan translations of the first two games were released in 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Rather than the Megami Tensei series regular Tsukasa Masuko, the soundtracks for the first two games were composed by Hidehito Aoki; he composed the Majin Tensei music on his own, and cooperated with Misaki Okibe on Majin Tensei II. He made use of ambient music, while also incorporating elements of funk, electronic distortion and sound effects; for the second game, he also introduced a focus on synthesized piano in the compositions. Music albums featuring the first two games' original soundtracks, along with new arrangements, were released by Pony Canyon: Majin Tensei Excellence Sound Collection was published on March 18, 1994, and Majin Tensei II: Spiral Nemesis Excellence Sound Collection on May 19, 1995. A manga by Shinshū Ueda, Majin Tensei: The True Remembrance, was published by Enix in five volumes.
Reception
The gameplay, which several publications found similar to the Fire Emblem series, was well received, with multiple Famitsu reviewers commenting on how enjoyable they found the demon fusion. Kurt Kalata and Christopher J. Snelgrove of Hardcore Gaming 101 called Majin Tensei an interesting take on the genre, and worth playing; they said that while many players prefer Majin Tensei II, they enjoyed the first one more, but still found the second game decent; one change between the two that they liked was the larger focus on narrative, compared to the first game's focus on combat. They were highly critical of Ronde, labeling it a kusoge ("shit game"); they said that it was not "completely terrible", but that it felt like "a poor man's Shining Force III".
Kalata and Snelgrove criticized the first two games' field graphics for being small and only featuring little animation, while praising the battle graphics, noting their size, level of detail and high-quality backgrounds, and calling them superior to their counterparts in all other Super Famicom Megami Tensei games. They did however think that the battles in Majin Tensei II were visually a step down in quality. They criticized Ronde visuals, saying that it was among the worst looking games from the 32-bit era, with characters looking like "blobs of discolored pixels", jerky camera movements, and slow-loading and visually unpleasing battles, and called the game "a total affront to the senses". RPGFan's Patrick Gann thought that the first Majin Tensei music was weaker than Masuko's compositions, as well as Aoki's later compositions for the Megami Tensei spin-off series Persona, but still well done; in contrast, he called Majin Tensei II music a pinnacle for the Super Famicom titles in the series, but still criticized its heavy use of synth. Kalata and Snelgrove enjoyed the "moody synth soundtrack" and opening of Majin Tensei II, while calling Ronde soundtrack mediocre. Chris Greening at VGMO called Majin Tensei "one of the most individualistic and accomplished ambient scores on the Super Nintendo", enjoying the mix of conventional ambiance and funk, saying that it both enhanced the game's mood and worked as stand-alone music. On the other hand, he found Majin Tensei II soundtrack "pleasant but disappointing", saying that several of the compositions were underdeveloped, uninspired or repetitive, while noting more developed tracks such as "A.D. 1995 Story" as highlights.
Notes
References
1994 video games
Atlus games
Japan-exclusive video games
Mobile games
Sega Games franchises
Sega Saturn games
Sega Saturn-only games
Super Nintendo Entertainment System games
Tactical role-playing video games
Video games about demons
Video game franchises
Video game franchises introduced in 1994
Video games developed in Japan
Windows games
Megami Tensei spin-off games |
CAPC musée d'art contemporain de Bordeaux, formerly the Centre d'arts plastiques contemporains (CAPC), is a museum of modern art established in 1973 in Bordeaux, France.
Building
The museum is housed in the Entrepôt Lainé, a former warehouse for colonial goods (sugar, coffee, cocoa, cotton, spices and oils) which were then re-exported to northern Europe by Bordeaux merchants.
The warehouse was built in 1824 by the architect Claude Deschamps, known for the construction of the Pont de pierre of Bordeaux. It is built of brick, stone and wood in a style inspired by italian architecture.
There are two grand naves that are reminiscent of the Roman basilicas and that are used to present temporary exhibitions.
The building was restored by the architects Denis Valode and Jean Pistre in the 1980s, the second project that this architectural team had undertaken.
Their treatment was unusual for the time, emphasizing shadows and depth.
The designer Andrée Putman renovated the interior.
The Café Putman, named after the decorator, has a minimalist decor of metal, concrete and natural materials such as teak and wicker.
It has a terrace.
Since 1981, the building also hosts Arc en rêve centre d'architecture, association that organises exhibitions and knowledge exchange about architecture, urban development, landscape and design.
Centre d'arts plastiques contemporains
In 1965, Roger Lafosse created the Sigma Festival in Bordeaux, an avant-garde festival of visual and performance arts.
In 1973, he installed Sigma in the Entrepôt Lainé.
The Centre d'Arts Plastiques Contemporains (CAPC) was founded by Jean-Louis Froment.
In 1973, CAPC held its first contemporary art exhibition called Regarder ailleurs (Look Elsewhere).
By 1974, CAPC had moved into the warehouse.
The first exhibitions included artists such as Gina Pane, Andy Warhol and Christian Boltanski.
They quickly established the venue as one of the leading places dedicated to contemporary visual arts.
Two theater companies joined Sigma and CAPC, as well as the architecture center Arc en rêve.
CAPC presented new avant-garde work in group exhibitions, and was gradually discovered by the public.
Musée d'art contemporain
In 1983, the institution became the CAPC Musée d'art contemporain de Bordeaux (Bordeaux Museum of Contemporary Art).
The museum was formally opened on 17 May 1984.
During the 1980s, the museum put on many exhibitions and events, and also arranged exhibitions in California, Spain and then throughout Europe and Japan with the exhibition of the Sonnabend Collection.
American artist Keith Haring had a major exhibition in the museum in 1985, creating a series of ten large paintings, The Ten Commandments, to fit exactly the nave of the museum building. The ten paintings have since been displayed at various other locations. Haring did leave the museum a mural painting inside the elevator shaft.
In 1990, the CAPC Musée and the arc en rêve architecture center occupied the entire warehouse, which was reopened after renovations in June 1990.
In the years that followed the museum has steadily added to its collection, with assistance from the state.
The focus was enlarged from Europe and North America to cover work from Asia, South America and emerging countries.
In 2003, the museum was designated a National Museum of France.
The CAPC museum presents permanent exhibitions of its collection and organizes large temporary exhibitions on specific themes.
It often features artists who work in the Bordeaux region. Since 2000, the museum has frequently been used for exhibitions of music, architecture, cinema, literature or design, and has often put on exhibitions of popular art.
By order of January 19, 2021, the Center of Contemporary Art of National Interest label is awarded to capc.
Directors
Jean-Louis Froment, 1973–1996
Henry-Claude Cousseau, assisted by Marie-Laure Bernadac, 1997–2000
Maurice Fréchuret, 2001–2006
Charlotte Laubard, 2006-2013
María Inés Rodríguez 2014-2018
Sandrine Patron 2019-Current
Links
CAPC-Bordaux website
References
Sources
1973 establishments in France
Art museums and galleries in France
Art museums established in 1973
Museums in Bordeaux
National museums of France |
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Clapham is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Bedford in Bedfordshire, England. It had a population of 3,643 as at the 2001 census, increasing to 4,560 at the 2011 Census.
Points of interest
RAF Twinwood Farm, a disused airfield on the western outskirts of the village, is where the famous bandleader Glenn Miller took off on his last fateful flight, having performed for the American soldiers based at the airfield (51 Operational Training Unit ROYAL AIR FORCE was the main unit based at Twinwood Farm) and at Bedford Corn Exchange. The Glenn Miller Museum is now open on site with many events taking place during the summer months.
Clapham Park, a large new country house, was built by James Howard, member of parliament for Bedford, in 1872.
There is also a derelict Italian POW camp, which is now owned by a farmer and has been the victim of graffiti artists.
Sport and recreation
Clapham has a King George V Field in memorial to King George V. Recently, Towers Gymnasium and Health Club has been built on the road between Clapham and Bedford. It has a Swimming Pool, Sauna, Tennis court and gym equipment.
Twinwoods hosts an annual Folk Music Festival, called the Twinwoods Festival, typically over the August Bank Holiday weekend.
References
External links
Clapham community website
Places I've visited – Clapham by Ian Meadows
Clapham Historical Society
Twinwood's Music Festival
Villages in Bedfordshire
Civil parishes in Bedfordshire
Borough of Bedford |
Battalion (, Batal'on) is a 2015 Russian war film directed by Dmitry Meskhiev that relates the story of the First Battalion of Death, a women-only Russian combat unit that fought in the First World War. Actress Mariya Aronova plays the role of real-life heroine Maria Bochkareva. Battalion was the biggest winner at the 2015 Golden Eagle Awards, winning four awards out of nine nominations.
Plot
In the Spring of 1917, following the February Revolution, Russian troops fighting in the First World War are heavily demoralised. Military commanders decide to create a battalion of enthusiastic women volunteers, led by Maria Bochkareva. After basic military training, the women are sent to the front.
Cast
Mariya Aronova as Maria Bochkareva
Maria Kozhevnikova as Natalia Tatishcheva
Marat Basharov as Alexander Kerensky
Irina Rakhmanova as Froska
Yanina Malinchik as Dusya
Yevgeny Dyatlov as Tseplyaev
Valeria Shkirando as Vera Neklyudova
Dmitry Shevchenko as Peter Polovtsov
Vladimir Zaytsev as General Alekseev
Mila Makarova as Tonya
Release
Battalion led the number of nominations at the 2015 Golden Eagle Awards. It lost Best Motion Picture to Anna Melikian's Pro Lyubov, but nevertheless won 4 awards: Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Maria Kozhevnikova, Best Music Score, Best Editing and Best Sound Editing.
In March 2016, a longer version of the film, split into 4 episodes, was broadcast on Russian television.
References
External links
2015 films
2010s war films
2010s historical films
Russian war films
Russian historical films
Military of Russia in films
World War I films based on actual events
Films about military personnel
Films directed by Dmitry Meskhiev
Films scored by Yuri Poteyenko
Russian World War I films |
The Ven. Henry Francis Bather (8 February 1832 – 10 September 1905) was Archdeacon of Ludlow from 1891 to 1904.
Bather was born in Shrewsbury, fifth and youngest son of John Bather, a barrister who was lord of the manor of Meole Brace and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of the Reverend George Gipps of Ringwould, Kent, and sister of Sir George Gipps, Governor of Australia.
He was educated at Marlborough College and St John's College, Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. in 1856 and M.A. in 1859. He ordained by the Bishop of Lichfield deacon in 1855 and priest in 1856 and was the incumbent at Meole Brace near Shrewsbury from 1858 to 1897, and of nearby Sutton from 1887 to 1897, and Rural Dean of Pontesbury from 1883 to 1892. At Hereford Cathedral he was Prebendary from 1878 to 1893, Canon Residentiary from 1891, and Chancellor of the Choir from 1896 until his death in 1905.
He married in 1857 Elizabeth, daughter of the Reverend T.D. Atkinson, Vicar of Rugeley, Staffordshire, but the couple had no children.
He died at his residence in the Cathedral Close at Hereford on Sunday 10 September 1905 aged 73 and was buried on 13 September in Meole Brace churchyard.
Notes
Clergy from Shrewsbury
People educated at Marlborough College
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Archdeacons of Ludlow
1832 births
1905 deaths
Clergy from Hereford |
Manjunath Kunnur (born 2 December 1954) was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Dharwad South constituency of Karnataka and was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party. He joined Indian National Congress and unsuccessfully contested 2009 Indian general election from Dharwad against Pralhad Joshi.
Education
Manjunath Kunnur completed his B.Sc.,LL.B. (Spl.) from University Law College, Dharwad.
References
External links
Members of Fourteenth Lok Sabha - Parliament of India website
2009 Candidate Affidavit
Living people
1954 births
India MPs 2004–2009
People from Dharwad
Lok Sabha members from Karnataka
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Karnataka |
Dylan Sikura (born June 1, 1995) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who is currently under with Skellefteå AIK of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). He was drafted by the Chicago Blackhawks in the sixth round, 178th overall, in the 2014 NHL Entry Draft. Before turning professional, Sikura played college ice hockey with Northeastern University, where he was named to the AHCA East First-Team All-American and the Hockey East First All-Star team.
Playing career
Sikura played for the Aurora Tigers of the Ontario Junior Hockey League for three years before committing to play for Northeastern University in February 2014. That June, Sikura was drafted 178th overall in the sixth round of the 2014 NHL Entry Draft by the Chicago Blackhawks.
Sikura played hockey for four years at Northeastern University. In the 2016–17 season Sikura was named to the Hockey East Second Team All-Star and named a Hobey Baker Award candidate. In his last year with the Huskies, Sikura and the Huskies won the program's first Beanpot championship in 30 years, defeating Boston University by a score of 5–2. Sikura recorded a pair of assists during the championship game. At the conclusion of the season, Sikura was again named a Hobey Baker candidate, and named to the First Team All-Star and Hockey East All-Tournament Team. He was also named an AHCA East First-Team All-American along with teammates Adam Gaudette and Jeremy Davies. He finished his career with Northeastern with 146 points, placing him 14th in the program's all-time scoring list.
On March 25, 2018, Sikura signed a two-year entry-level contract with the Chicago Blackhawks. He made his NHL debut on March 29, 2018, in a game against the Winnipeg Jets. He recorded his first two NHL points in his debut, with assists on Erik Gustafsson's goal and Alex DeBrincat's goal.
After attending the Blackhawks training camp prior to the 2018–19 season, Sikura was reassigned to the Blackhawks American Hockey League affiliate, the Rockford IceHogs. On December 12, Sikura was called up the NHL for the first time that season after recording 18 points in 26 games, leading the team in goals and points. After playing in 11 games with the Blackhawks and collecting three points, Sikura was reassigned to the IceHogs. On February 11, Sikura was again called up from Rockford and played his first game back the next day against the Boston Bruins. After nearly two months in the NHL, Sikura was reassigned to the IceHogs on April 2 to help the team qualify for the 2019 Calder Cup playoffs.
On June 28, 2019, the Blackhawks re-signed Sikura to a two-year contract extension. After beginning the season with the IceHogs, Sikura was recalled to the NHL on December 8. Upon his recall, Sikura was leading the team with nine goals and 16 points in 22 games. On January 5, 2020, Sikura recorded his first career NHL goal against the Detroit Red Wings to clinch a 4–2 win.
On September 28, 2020, Sikura was traded by the Blackhawks to the Vegas Golden Knights in exchange for Brandon Pirri.
On July 29, 2021, having left the Golden Knights organization, Sikura was signed as a free agent to a one-year, two-way contract with the Colorado Avalanche. After attending the 2021 Avalanche training camp, Sikura was assigned to AHL affiliate, the Colorado Eagles, to begin the 2021–22 season. In a first-line offensive role with the Eagles, Sikura established career highs to finish sixth in league scoring with 33 goals and 40 assists for 73 points in just 60 regular season games. He made 5 appearances through a recall to the Avalanche, registering 1 assist. In the playoffs with the Eagles, Sikura was limited by injury to 6 post-season games, collecting 4 points. Sikura remained a part of the Avalanche black aces squad through the remainder of the playoffs, as the club went on to claim the Stanley Cup.
As a free agent from the Avalanche at the conclusion of his contract, Sikura opted to return to his original club by re-joining the Chicago Blackhawks on a one-year, two-way contract on July 14, 2022. In his return to the Blackhawks, Sikura rejoined former AHL club the Rockford IceHogs for the 2022–23 season, and collected 12 goals and 32 points through 52 games. On March 2, 2023, the Blackhawks traded Sikura to the Anaheim Ducks in exchange for prospect Max Golod.
After 6 professional seasons in North America, Sikura left the Ducks as a free agent and embarked on a career abroad, agreeing to a one-year contract with Swedish club, Skellefteå AIK of the SHL, on September 7, 2023.
International play
Sikura represented Team Canada at the 2017 Spengler Cup in Davos, Switzerland. He played in four games and recorded one point to help Canada win the tournament.
Sikura was named to Team Canada's pre-Olympic roster for the 2018 Winter Olympics but failed to make the final roster.
Personal life
Sikura's brother Tyler is currently playing hockey in the AHL for the Cleveland Monsters. Sikura is half Slovakian. His grandfather escaped Czechoslovakia and arrived in Nova Scotia in the 1950s. He ran a thoroughbred race horse breeding farm, Hill 'n' Dale Farms, which was later taken over by Sikura's uncle and father after his grandfather's death.
Sikura is also half Japanese.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
International
Awards and honours
References
External links
1995 births
Living people
AHCA Division I men's ice hockey All-Americans
Canadian ice hockey centres
Chicago Blackhawks draft picks
Chicago Blackhawks players
Colorado Avalanche players
Colorado Eagles players
Henderson Silver Knights players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Northeastern Huskies men's ice hockey players
Rockford IceHogs (AHL) players
San Diego Gulls (AHL) players
Sportspeople from Aurora, Ontario
Vegas Golden Knights players |
is a Japanese expressway in Kyushu that travels from Tosu to Hiji, where it connects to the Higashikyushu Expressway. It runs through the southern half of Fukuoka Prefecture, and the northern half of Ōita Prefecture. The total length of Ōita Expressway is .
History
February 5, 1987, the Tosu Junction to Asakura Interchange was opened.
July 20, 1989, a section from Yufuin to Beppu Interchanges was opened to traffic.
March 10, 1990, a section from Asakura to Hita Interchanges was opened to traffic.
December 3, 1992, a section from Beppu to Ōita Interchanges was opened to traffic.
December 15, 1994, a section from Hiji Junction to Hayami Interchange was opened to traffic.
March 10, 1995, a section from Hita to Kusu Interchanges was opened to traffic.
March 28, 1996, a section from Kusu to Yufuin Interchanges was opened to traffic.
November 26, 1996, a section from Ōita to Ōita Mera Interchanges was opened to traffic which made the Ōita Expressway from Tosu to Ōita fully accessible with no gaps.
November 11, 1998, a section from Haki to Hita Interchanges which made Ōita Expressway with four lanes.
November 27, 1999, the Ōita Mera Interchange to the east was opened to traffic.
March 21, 2000, a section from Hita to Kusu Interchanges which made with four lanes.
March 30, 2002, a section from Hayami Interchange to the east was opened with other freeway.
May 25, 2002, a section from Yufuin Interchange to Hiji Junction which made with four lanes.
August 30, 2004, a section from Mizuwake Parking Area to Yufuin Interchange which made with four lanes.
March 19, 2005, a section from Kusu Interchange to Mizuwake Parking Area which made Ōita Expressway from Tosu to Ōita with four lanes now being connected with no gaps.
August 11, 2008, the Ōita Mitsuyoshi Interchange was fully accessible.
August 5, 2018, a section from Hiji Junction to Ōita Mera Interchange is incorporated as part of the Higashikyushu Expressway.
Interchanges
IC - interchange, JCT - junction, SA - service area, PA - parking area, BS - bus stop, TN - tunnel, BR - bridge, TB - toll gate
Bus stops labeled "○" are currently in use; those marked "◆" are closed.
Lanes
4-lane
References
Expressways in Japan
Kyushu region
Roads in Fukuoka Prefecture
Roads in Ōita Prefecture
Roads in Saga Prefecture |
Dammur is a town in Northern Karnataka, India. It is few hours from North of Bangalore city in Midwest/Central region of India. It is located near Hampi known for rich history, Heritage, Oldest temples and Ancient architecture in India dating back to 1CE. Hampi is the most historic visited place in the world.
See also
Hampi
Bellary
Bangalore
Karnataka
References
External links
http://www.karnataka.com/hampi/
http://hampi.in
http://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g319725-Hampi_Karnataka-Vacations.html
http://Bellary.nic.in/
Villages in Bellary district |
Harry Robbins "Bob" Haldeman (October 27, 1926 – November 12, 1993) was an American political aide and businessman, best known for his service as White House Chief of Staff to President Richard Nixon and his consequent involvement in the Watergate scandal.
Born in California, Haldeman served in the Navy Reserves in World War II and attended UCLA. In 1949, he joined the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency, where he worked for 20 years as a prominent advertising executive in both Los Angeles and New York City. He made a name for himself early in Los Angeles social circles from his work as chairman of the UCLA Alumni Association and a member of the University of California Board of Regents.
A long family association with the Republican Party and his own interest drew Haldeman to politics. In the 1950s, he became acquainted with Nixon, for whom he developed both an intense respect and steadfast loyalty. He began as an advance man on President Dwight D. Eisenhower's reelection campaign in 1956, again worked as an advance man on Nixon's 1960 presidential campaign, and managed Nixon's 1962 run for governor of California. When Nixon was elected President in 1968, he selected Haldeman as his chief of staff.
Haldeman is credited with implementing more significant changes to White House staffing systems and Executive Branch governance and operations than any chief of staff before him or since, and it is the "Haldeman system" that presidential administrations continue to operate on today. His intensity and no-nonsense management style earned him a reputation as a stern taskmaster who expected top-notch performance.
After he left the Nixon administration in April 1973, Haldeman was tried on counts of perjury, conspiracy, and obstruction of justice for his role in the Watergate cover-up. He was found guilty and imprisoned for 18 months. Upon Haldeman's release, he returned to private life and was a successful businessman and real estate developer until his death from cancer in 1993 at the age of 67.
Early life
Haldeman was born in Los Angeles on October 27, 1926, one of three children of socially prominent parents. His father, Harry Francis Haldeman, founded and ran a successful heating and air conditioning supply company, and gave time and financial support to local Republican causes, including the Richard Nixon financial fund that led to the so-called "Fund Crisis" during the 1952 presidential race. His mother, Katherine (née Robbins), was a longtime volunteer with the Salvation Army and other philanthropic organizations. His paternal grandfather, Harry Marston Haldeman, co-founded the Better America Federation of California, The Oz Film Manufacturing Company, and a gentleman's club named The Uplifters. Young Haldeman and his siblings were raised as Christian Scientists. Known to his peers as a "straight arrow", he sported his trademark flat-top haircut from his high school years – a look that he would adopt for most of his life until after his resignation as Chief of Staff – enjoyed discussions of ethics, and achieved the rank of Life Scout. He attended Harvard School, an elite boys prep school, during which time he met Joanne "Jo" Horton, who was attending Marlborough School, an elite, private secondary school which educated women in the 7th to 12th grades. The two married in 1949.
During World War II he was in the United States Navy Reserve but did not see active combat. Haldeman attended the University of Redlands and the University of Southern California, then transferred to the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He received his B.A. from UCLA in 1948, where he was a member of Beta Theta Pi fraternity. At UCLA, he met John Ehrlichman, who became a close friend and colleague in the Nixon administration.
Career
In 1949, he joined the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency, where he worked for 20 years in both Los Angeles and New York City; other employees of this firm during this period included Ronald Ziegler, who went on to serve as White House Press Secretary in the Nixon administration.
A long family association with the Republican Party and his own interest drew Haldeman to politics and during this period he commenced working for Richard Nixon, for whom he developed both an intense respect and steadfast loyalty. Beginning as an advance man on Nixon's 1956 and 1960 campaigns, Haldeman managed Nixon's 1962 run for governor of California, and when Nixon was elected President in 1968, he chose Haldeman to be his chief of staff.
Nixon administration
When Haldeman's appointment to the White House was announced, Robert Rutland, a close friend and presidential scholar, urged him to start keeping a daily diary recording the major events of each day and Haldeman's thoughts on them. Haldeman took this suggestion and started keeping and maintaining a daily diary throughout his entire career in the Nixon White House (January 18, 1969 – April 30, 1973). The full text of the diaries is almost 750,000 words, and an abridged version was published as The Haldeman Diaries after Haldeman's death. A full version is available to researchers at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum.
Gaining a reputation as a stern taskmaster who expected top-notch work, he and John Ehrlichman were called "the Berlin Wall" by other White House staffers in a play on their German family names and shared penchant for keeping others away from Nixon and serving as his "gatekeepers". They became Nixon's most loyal and trusted aides during his presidency. Both were keen in protecting what they regarded as Nixon's best interests. He and the president were very close – Haldeman was even dubbed "the president's son-of-a-bitch" – and Nixon relied on him to filter information that came into his office and to make sure that information was properly dispensed.
Role in Watergate
Haldeman was one of the various key figures in the Watergate scandal.
The "Smoking Gun" tape revealed that Nixon instructed Haldeman to have the CIA pressure the FBI into dropping its Watergate investigation. Nixon instructed him to tell the CIA that the investigation would "open up the whole Bay of Pigs thing again". In his book, Haldeman later wrote: "It seems that in all those references to the Bay of Pigs, he was actually referring to the Kennedy assassination." He also said that Nixon might have been reminding CIA Director Richard Helms that the CIA assassination attempts on Fidel Castro may have triggered the assassination of Kennedy.
The unexplained minute gap in Nixon's Oval Office recordings occurred during a discussion that included the President and Haldeman on June 20, 1972.
Nixon requested the resignations of Haldeman and Ehrlichman in what has been described as a long and emotional meeting at Camp David. Haldeman resigned, and the resignations were announced on April 30, 1973. In a phone conversation shortly after the resignations, Nixon told Haldeman that he loved him like his brother. On the eve of Nixon's resignation, Haldeman asked for a full pardon along with a full pardon of Vietnam War draft dodgers. He argued that pardoning the draft dodgers would take some of the heat off him. Nixon refused.
On January 1, 1975, Haldeman was convicted of conspiracy, obstruction of justice, and three counts of perjury. He was sentenced to serve to 8 years, subsequently commuted to 1 to 4 years. In Lompoc Federal Prison, Haldeman worked in a facility testing sewage. On December 20, 1978, after serving 18 months, Haldeman was released on parole.
The Ends of Power
In 1978, Times Books published The Ends of Power, written by Haldeman with the writer Joseph DiMona. Haldeman wrote in the book that Nixon had initiated the break-in and had participated in the cover-up from the onset.
A passage in The Ends of Power has been claimed to support allegations linking Watergate to the assassination of John F. Kennedy.
Oliver Stone's 1995 film Nixon, in which Haldeman was portrayed by James Woods, presents the scenario that Nixon attempted to use the CIA's hidden anti-Castro history to help cover up his own misdeeds during Watergate. Stone credited the comments attributed to Haldeman in The Ends of Power as the source for his scenario.
According to political commentator Chris Matthews, Haldeman denied writing those words and said the theory of events actually belonged to DiMona. Matthews reported that Haldeman said he had no idea of what Nixon meant by the "whole Bay of Pigs thing" comments. Noting that Stone had implicated Nixon as having a role in planning a plot to kill Castro, Howard Rosenberg described it as "one of the most controversial themes of his movie". A response by Nixon writers Steven Rivele and Christopher Wilkinson stated that DiMona, Haldeman's ghostwriter, had confirmed that it was Haldeman's conclusion that "the Bay of Pigs thing" was a code for the Kennedy assassination.
Later life
In his post-prison years, Haldeman went on to a successful career as a businessman, taking an interest in hotels, development, real estate, and chain restaurants in Florida.
Death
On November 12, 1993, after refusing medical treatment in accordance with his Christian Science beliefs, Haldeman died of abdominal cancer at his home in Santa Barbara, California. He was survived by his wife of almost 45 years, the former Joanne Horton, and their four children – Susan, Harry (Hank), Peter, and Ann.
Upon Haldeman's death, Richard Nixon said in a statement, "I have known Bob Haldeman to be a man of rare intelligence, strength, integrity and courage. He played an indispensable role in turbulent times as our Administration undertook a broad range of initiatives at home and abroad." His White House diaries were released posthumously as The Haldeman Diaries in 1994.
See also
Operation Sandwedge
References
Further reading
Haldeman, Joanne H. (2017). In The Shadow Of The White House. Vireo/Rare Bird. .
Trzaskowski, Niklas. " 'Manager of Progress and Process': The Life and Times of HR Haldeman." (PhD dissertation, Mississippi State University 2019). online
External links
H.R. Haldeman testifying at the Watergate Hearings WETA-TV, 1973 Watergate Hearings
Washington Post profile of Haldeman
Washington Post Haldeman Obituary
Ford Library & Museum:The Watergate Files
Ron Schuler's Parlour Tricks: H.R. Haldeman
Watergate trial of H.R. Haldeman, courtroom sketches.
The Testimony of John Ehrlichman & H. R. Haldeman at Smithsonian Folkways
1926 births
1993 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American memoirists
American campaign managers
American Christian Scientists
American diarists
American government officials convicted of crimes
California politicians convicted of crimes
California Republicans
Deaths from cancer in California
Deaths from stomach cancer
Harvard-Westlake School alumni
Military personnel from California
Nixon administration personnel
People convicted in the Watergate scandal
People convicted of obstruction of justice
United States Navy personnel of World War II
United States Navy reservists
University of Southern California alumni
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
White House Chiefs of Staff
Writers from Los Angeles
Memoirists from California |
```forth
*> \brief \b SLASCL2 performs diagonal scaling on a matrix.
*
* =========== DOCUMENTATION ===========
*
* Online html documentation available at
* path_to_url
*
*> \htmlonly
*> Download SLASCL2 + dependencies
*> <a href="path_to_url">
*> [TGZ]</a>
*> <a href="path_to_url">
*> [ZIP]</a>
*> <a href="path_to_url">
*> [TXT]</a>
*> \endhtmlonly
*
* Definition:
* ===========
*
* SUBROUTINE SLASCL2 ( M, N, D, X, LDX )
*
* .. Scalar Arguments ..
* INTEGER M, N, LDX
* ..
* .. Array Arguments ..
* REAL D( * ), X( LDX, * )
* ..
*
*
*> \par Purpose:
* =============
*>
*> \verbatim
*>
*> SLASCL2 performs a diagonal scaling on a matrix:
*> x <-- D * x
*> where the diagonal matrix D is stored as a vector.
*>
*> Eventually to be replaced by BLAS_sge_diag_scale in the new BLAS
*> standard.
*> \endverbatim
*
* Arguments:
* ==========
*
*> \param[in] M
*> \verbatim
*> M is INTEGER
*> The number of rows of D and X. M >= 0.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] N
*> \verbatim
*> N is INTEGER
*> The number of columns of X. N >= 0.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] D
*> \verbatim
*> D is REAL array, length M
*> Diagonal matrix D, stored as a vector of length M.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in,out] X
*> \verbatim
*> X is REAL array, dimension (LDX,N)
*> On entry, the matrix X to be scaled by D.
*> On exit, the scaled matrix.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] LDX
*> \verbatim
*> LDX is INTEGER
*> The leading dimension of the matrix X. LDX >= M.
*> \endverbatim
*
* Authors:
* ========
*
*> \author Univ. of Tennessee
*> \author Univ. of California Berkeley
*> \author Univ. of Colorado Denver
*> \author NAG Ltd.
*
*> \ingroup lascl2
*
* =====================================================================
SUBROUTINE SLASCL2 ( M, N, D, X, LDX )
*
* -- LAPACK computational routine --
* -- LAPACK is a software package provided by Univ. of Tennessee, --
* -- Univ. of California Berkeley, Univ. of Colorado Denver and NAG Ltd..--
*
* .. Scalar Arguments ..
INTEGER M, N, LDX
* ..
* .. Array Arguments ..
REAL D( * ), X( LDX, * )
* ..
*
* =====================================================================
*
* .. Local Scalars ..
INTEGER I, J
* ..
* .. Executable Statements ..
*
DO J = 1, N
DO I = 1, M
X( I, J ) = X( I, J ) * D( I )
END DO
END DO
RETURN
END
``` |
In the United Kingdom the title of Premier Baron denotes a baron who takes precedence over all others of that degree. In England before the Reformation this distinction belonged ex officio to the Prior of the Order of St. John who ranked above all Lords Temporal of baronial degree, but since then it has been accorded to the holder of the oldest surviving barony not subsidiary to a higher title.
The Baron de Ros is the Premier Baron of England and as the peers of England take precedence of all peers of Scotland, Great Britain, Ireland, and the United Kingdom, is the peer of that degree with the highest precedence in the entire UK. However, when this title is held by a woman, the holder of the next most senior surviving barony (Baron Mowbray) is accorded the style of Premier Baron.
The Baron Kingsale is the Premier Baron of Ireland.
In Scotland the title of Baron is considered to apply primarily to feudal dignitaries analogous to Lords of the Manor in England, while the peers analogous to Barons of England and Ireland are Lords of Parliament; the distinction of "Premier Baron" is not used.
Barons |
Claudio Bosia (born 17 April 1983) is an Italian freestyle skier. He competed in the men's moguls event at the 2006 Winter Olympics.
References
External links
1983 births
Living people
Italian male freestyle skiers
Olympic freestyle skiers for Italy
Freestyle skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
People from Sorengo |
First Lady of India or First Gentleman of India is the title given to the host of the Rashtrapati Bhavan, usually the spouse of the president of India. There are no official roles or duties assigned to the spouse. The spouse generally attends official ceremonies and functions.
The position of a first spouse of India is currently vacant, as President Droupadi Murmu is widowed.
History
Rajvanshi Devi, the wife of India's first president, was the country's first lady from 1950 until 1962. Devi kept a very low profile during this era and did not attend public events with President Rajendra Prasad.
The post was vacant during the tenure of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and was followed by Shah Jahan Begum, who was the wife of India's third president, Zakir Husain.
Saraswati Bai, wife of the country's fourth president, V. V. Giri, was the first first lady to take a more public role. Bai's role marked a change from the lower profile of her predecessors. She attended and hosted public events and became a recognizable figure to the Indian public.
Begum Abida Ahmed, India's first lady from 1974 to 1977, further expanded the public role of the first lady's position by organizing ceremonies and official functions at the Rashtrapati Bhavan. She was also the first among the first spouses to hold a public office when she was Member of Parliament between 1980 and 1989.
Usha Narayanan was the first spouse of foreign origin.
Before Pratibha Patil was sworn in as the first female president of India, the role of the wives of the president was to act as the chief hostess of the Bhavan. In 2007, the office room meant for the first lady went for some minor changes to accommodate the husband of Pratibha Patil, Devisingh Ransingh Shekhawat, the country's inaugural "first gentleman".
Former first lady Suvra Mukherjee, the wife of President Pranab Mukherjee, died in office on 18 August 2015. The position of First Lady remained vacant for the remainder of President Mukherjee's term.
The position is currently vacant since 2022, as President Droupadi Murmu is a widow.
Role
The role of a first spouse is largely ceremonial. The first spouse has no official duties, but he or she generally attends the official ceremonies and functions held at the Rashtrapati Bhavan along with the president. Most of the first spouses have maintained a low profile.
Non-spouses in the role
In case of the absence of a spouse, another relative of the president may take up the role of host or hostess during official functions at the Rashtrapati Bhavan. However, this is not mandatory, and the role of hostess has been vacant during the tenure of A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.
Zail Singh's daughter had served as hostess for some events. Pranab Mukherjee's daughter Sharmistha Mukherjee served as hostess for some events, during her mother's illness.
List of first ladies and gentlemen of India
See also
President of India
Spouse of the prime minister of India
Second ladies of India
Notes
References
India
India politics-related lists |
Byron Burneil "Bones" Walker (born July 28, 1960) is a former American professional football player who was a wide receiver for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League. A free agent signee he was a member of the team from 1982 to 1986 making 54 receptions for 925 yards and 7 touchdowns. A native of Warner Robins, Georgia he lettered 4 years at The Citadel where his career marks of 101 receptions for 1486 yards and 9 touchdowns still rank him in the top 5 in all 3 categories.
References
The Citadel Bulldogs football players
Seattle Seahawks players
1960 births
Living people |
The following is a list of airlines that are based in the U.S. state of Hawaii.
Current airlines
Passenger
Cargo
Defunct airlines
References
Hawaii
Airlines
Hawaii |
Ettore Reynaudi (; 4 November 1895 – 17 June 1968) was an Italian footballer who played as a midfielder. He competed for Italy in the men's football tournament at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1895 births
1968 deaths
Italian men's footballers
Italy men's international footballers
Olympic footballers for Italy
Footballers at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Novara
Footballers from the Province of Novara
Men's association football midfielders
Novara FC players
Juventus FC players
AC Monza players
AC Monza managers |
A Healing Art is a 2009 short documentary film from director Ellen Frick. It tells the story of two Ocularists, Christie Erickson and Todd Cranmore, who make custom prosthetic eyes. Their story is interwoven with the lives of their patients. A Healing Art was distributed by Ellen Frick and Seattle-based Fly on the Wall Films.
Awards
The film premièred at the 2009 Toronto International Film Festival, where it won the POV | American Documentary Award and the 2009 Audience Award. It was featured at the Seattle Film Festival in February 2010 and had its television première on PBS's show P.O.V. on August 17, 2010.
Example of healing art can be found on http://energyhealingpainting.com
External links
2009 films
American short documentary films
2009 short documentary films
Prosthetics
2000s English-language films
2000s American films |
Bocianicha is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zelów, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Zelów, north-west of Bełchatów, and south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
References
Bocianicha |
Charles Augustus Black (1837–1901) was a physician and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Westmorland County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick as a Conservative member from 1883 to 1886.
He was born in Sackville, New Brunswick, the son of Samuel F. Black, and educated at the Mount Allison Academy and the Lower Horton Seminary in Nova Scotia. He received his medical degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1859. In 1860, Black married Elizabeth Silliker. He served on the county council and was warden for Westmorland County.
References
The Canadian parliamentary companion, 1883 JA Gemmill
1837 births
1901 deaths
Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick MLAs
People from Sackville, New Brunswick |
Mark Cavallin (born October 20, 1971) is a Canadian-British former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played in the British Ice Hockey Superleague for the London Knights, Belfast Giants and the Ayr Scottish Eagles. He also played in the German 2nd Bundesliga for the EC Bad Tölz and EV Regensburg. He played for the Great Britain national ice hockey team in two World Championships.
External links
1971 births
Living people
Ayr Scottish Eagles players
Belfast Giants players
British ice hockey goaltenders
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Chatham Wheels players
EC Bad Tölz players
EV Regensburg players
Lake Charles Ice Pirates players
London Knights (UK) players
Ice hockey people from Mississauga
Tulsa Oilers (1992–present) players
Oakland Skates players
St. Louis Vipers players
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in England
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Germany
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
Naturalised sports competitors
British expatriate ice hockey people
British expatriate sportspeople in Italy
British expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Canadian expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Canadian ice hockey coaches
British ice hockey coaches |
Lee Yuan-Chen (Chinese: 李元貞 ; born 1946) is an active feminist and one of the leading figures in Taiwan's feminist movements.
Early life
Born in Kunming, the largest city of Yunnan province in pre-1949 China, Lee Yuan-Chen came to Taiwan with her parents at the age of three. Lee Yuan-Chen received both her bachelor's and master's degrees from the National Taiwan University, Department of Chinese literature, respectively in 1968 and in 1971. Inspired by Annette Lu, the pioneer of Taiwan's feminist movement, and triggered by a myriad of societal issues in Taiwan, Lee Yuan-Chen together with other Taiwanese feminists founded the Awakening magazine in 1982, during a historical period in which Taiwan was still under the martial law. As one of the founders and the leader of the Awakening magazine, Lee Yuan-Chen decided to transform it into the Awakening Foundation in 1987, which helped usher in a new era for feminist movements in Taiwan. Currently, Lee Yuan-Chen is an emeritus professor at Tamkang University, Department of Chinese literature.
Married life
Lee Yuan-Chen married her husband during the time she taught at Tamkang University. Initially, Lee Yuan-Chen and her husband had reached a consensus that they would function as a modern couple with the implication of having an egalitarian relationship. However, that consensus was eroded after the birth of their first daughter, as Lee Yuan-Chen's husband demanded her to live with his parents. Lee Yuan-Chen felt forced into a lifestyle that was contradictory to her beliefs and divorced her husband in 1973. Due to the law of the Republic of China at that period of time, custody of her child was granted to the husband. Lee Yuan-Chen was deeply frustrated with this result.
The Awakening Period
Discontent with the patriarchal structure embedded in Taiwan's democratic movement around 1970s, motivated by Annette Lu, and provoked by her own marriage experience, Lee Yuan-Chen was determined to awaken female consciousness in Taiwan. Partnering up with other Taiwanese feminists, Lee Yuan-Chen led the effort of founding the very first magazine concentrating on highlighting female issues in Taiwan, the Awakening Magazine. As the leader of the Awakening group, Lee Yuan-Chen and other like-minded members not only focused on the publication, but also devoted themselves to initiating a series of public activities for the purpose of raising Taiwanese society's awareness on feminist issues. Amid the financial challenges that loomed over the Awakening magazine around 1980s, Lee Yuan-Chen, along with other members of the Awakening group, made the decision of transforming the Awakening magazine into a nonprofit organization that would be more adept at attracting founding and therefore permit the group to continue pushing forward feminist movements in Taiwan. In the year of 1987, the Awakening Foundation was established.
Feminist Movement vis-à-vis Mass Media in Taiwan
Lee Yuan-Chen is convinced that holding mass demonstrations on the streets cannot sufficiently gain more attention for feminist movements in Taiwan's mass media. She contends that feminist organizations in Taiwan must expand both in terms of the number of branches and memberships, especially at the grassroots level, in order to increase the awareness of Taiwan's mass media of the importance of feminist issues.
Critique of Lee Yuan-Chen
The Awakening Foundation was criticized for being incapable of communicating with women at the grassroots level, due to the fact that most of the members of the Awakening group, including Lee Yuan-Chen herself, were from middle or upper-middle classes.
Lee Yuan-Chen's Critique of Tsai Ing-Wen's Administration
In 2016, Taiwan elected its very first female president, Tsai Ing-Wen. However, it did not lead to the increase of female cabinet members in the Tsai administration. Instead, there were only 4 female politicians in a cabinet consisted of 40 members. As a result, Lee Yuan-Chen declined an invitation sent by President Tsai to the state banquet in 2016 to protest the gender inequality in President Tsai's cabinet.
References
1946 births
Living people
Taiwanese activists |
Pentacarbonylhydridorhenium is a chemical compound with the formula ReH(CO)5. This colorless liquid is a weak acid and represents one of the most important derivatives of dirhenium decacarbonyl (Re2(CO)10). It is synthesized by treating a methanolic solution of bromopentacarbonylrhenium(I) (Re(CO)5Br) with zinc and acetic acid (HOAc).
Re(CO)5Br + Zn + HOAc → ReH(CO)5 + ZnBrOAc
It is moderately sensitive to light: samples turn yellow due to the formation of the metal cluster Re3H(CO)14
3 Re(CO)5H → Re3H(CO)14 + H2 + CO
At 100 °C, it decomposes to Re2(CO)10:
2 Re(CO)5H → H2 + Re2(CO)10
References
Carbonyl complexes
Organorhenium compounds
Metal hydrides |
Las Juanas is a Mexican telenovela created Bernardo Romero Pereiro, based on the 1997 Colombian telenovela of the same name written by the same creator. The series originally aired from September 6, 2004 to March 4, 2005.
It stars Fernando Luján, Margarita Sanz, Ana Serradilla, Martha Higareda, Paola Núñez, Claudia Álvarez, Vanessa Cato, and Andrés Palacios.
Plot
"Las Juanas" is the story of five sisters in a forgotten little town reminiscent of Gabriel García Marquez’s hundred years of solitude; headed by Juana Valentina (Ana Serradilla), a brave dreamer who, upon her mother’s death, discovers the true identity of her father, Calixto Matamoros (Fernando Luján). Juana Valentina decides to go in search of her father and discovers that not only was she an illegitimate child, she was not the only one, as her father’s romantic adventures included four other women (in addition to his wife) with whom he also procreated other daughters. This strange twist of fate places Juana Valentina in the Calixto household where she meets Álvaro (Andrés Palacios), whom she falls madly in love with at first sight, until she discovers the possibility that he is her half brother, which seems to impede their love forever. While we wait for fate to reveal the truth, Juana Valentina meets her sisters: Juana Micaela (Paola Núñez), Juana Carolina (Martha Higareda), Juana Martina and Juana Prudencia (Claudia Álvarez). Not only do these women garner more than one stolen glance in town for their great beauty and charms, they come together to create a new family, under the protection of Calixto himself, forever bound by the ties of blood that joins them. Each one will find their love and destiny in the little town of Tierra Caliente.
Cast
Main
Fernando Luján as Calixto Matamoros
Margarita Sanz as Doña Gallardo de Matamoros
Ana Serradilla as Juana Valentina
Martha Higareda as Juana Carolina
Paola Núñez as Juana Micaela
Claudia Álvarez as Juana Prudencia
Vanessa Cato as Juana Martina
Andrés Palacios as Juan Álvaro
Recurring
Carmen Beato as Carlota
José Carlos Rodríguez as Carmelo
Alma Rosa Añorve as Guillermina
Juan Pablo Medina as Eliseo
Guillermo Iván as Miguel
Cynthia Vázquez as Clara Mercedes
Jean Duverger as Todomundo
Faisy as Gualberto
Andrés Montiel as Gabriel Gallardo
Alejandro Barrios as Rodrigo
Maribel Rodríguez as Gertrudis
References
External links
2004 telenovelas
TV Azteca telenovelas
2004 Mexican television series debuts
2005 Mexican television series endings
Television shows set in Mexico
Mexican television series based on Colombian television series
Spanish-language telenovelas |
The Intel 82288 is a bus controller designed for Intel 80286. The chip is supplied in 20-pin DIP package. It replaces 8288 used with earlier processors. Intel second sourced this chipset to Fujitsu Limited around 1985. The 20-pin PLCC version was available in sampling for first quarter of 1986.
External links
www.datasheetarchive.com: 82288 Bus Controller for iAPX 286 Processors.
References
Intel chipsets
IBM PC compatibles
Input/output integrated circuits |
Bulbophyllum paleiferum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum found in Madagascar.
References
The Bulbophyllum-Checklist
The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia
paleiferum
Orchids of Madagascar |
The blue panchax or whitespot (Aplocheilus panchax) is a common freshwater fish found in a large variety of habitats due to its high adaptability. This species is native to southern Asia from Pakistan, India to Indonesia. It has been discovered in two hot springs in Singapore. Identified by a white-coloured spot on its head, the species can reach up to 9 cm (3.5 in) in length; it tends to keep to the surface of the water, and controls the mosquito population by feeding on their larvae.
References
Blue panchax
Fish of Bangladesh
Fish of Singapore
Taxa named by Francis Buchanan-Hamilton
Fish described in 1822
Freshwater fish of Indonesia
Freshwater fish of Pakistan
Freshwater fish of India
Freshwater fish of Malaysia
Fish of Myanmar |
Isak Andersson (born 29 January 1996) is a Swedish hurdler. He is a 4-time Swedish Athletics Championships national champion in the 400 metres hurdles.
Biography
Andersson's first senior national championship was in 2014, where he finished 4th in the 400 metres hurdles. His first national title was in 2016, and he would go on to win four titles in his primary event.
In 2017, Andersson competed at the 2017 European Athletics U23 Championships in the 400 m hurdles. He advanced from the semifinals with a personal best performance of 50.05 seconds, and he finished 6th in the final. Andersson finish 7th at the 2017 Stockholm Diamond League, scoring 2 points in the 2017 Diamond League season.
In 2019, as part of a publicity stunt Andersson ran 100 metres on wet ice in 13.16 seconds. It is believed to be the fastest 100 m performance ever on ice.
Andersson trains with the Upsala IF athletics club, which also includes pole vault world record holder Mondo Duplantis.
Statistics
Personal bests
References
External links
1996 births
Swedish male hurdlers
Living people
Swedish Athletics Championships winners |
```c
/*
Review OpenUsbLd README & LICENSE files for further details.
*/
#include "include/opl.h"
#include "include/util.h"
#include "include/ioman.h"
#include "include/sound.h"
#include <string.h>
// FIXME: We should not need this function.
// Use newlib's 'stat' to get GMT time.
#define NEWLIB_PORT_AWARE
#include <fileXio_rpc.h> // iox_stat_t, fileXioGetStat
int configGetStat(config_set_t *configSet, iox_stat_t *stat);
static u32 currentUID = 0;
static config_set_t configFiles[CONFIG_INDEX_COUNT];
static char legacyNetConfigPath[256] = "mc?:SYS-CONF/IPCONFIG.DAT";
static const char *configFilenames[CONFIG_INDEX_COUNT] = {
"conf_opl.cfg",
"conf_last.cfg",
"conf_apps.cfg",
"conf_network.cfg",
"conf_game.cfg",
};
static int strToColor(const char *string, unsigned char *color)
{
int cnt = 0, n = 0;
color[0] = 0;
color[1] = 0;
color[2] = 0;
if (!string || !*string)
return 0;
if (string[0] != '#')
return 0;
string++;
while (*string) {
int fh = fromHex(*string);
if (fh >= 0) {
color[n] = color[n] * 16 + fh;
} else {
break;
}
// Two characters per color
if (cnt == 1) {
cnt = 0;
n++;
} else {
cnt++;
}
string++;
}
return 1;
}
/// true if given a whitespace character
int isWS(char c)
{
return c == ' ' || c == '\t';
}
static int splitAssignment(char *line, char *key, size_t keymax, char *val, size_t valmax)
{
// skip whitespace
for (; isWS(*line); ++line)
;
// find "=".
// If found, the text before is key, after is val.
// Otherwise malformed string is encountered
char *eqpos = strchr(line, '=');
if (eqpos) {
// copy the name and the value
size_t keylen = min(keymax, eqpos - line);
strncpy(key, line, keylen);
eqpos++;
size_t vallen = min(valmax, strlen(line) - (eqpos - line));
strncpy(val, eqpos, vallen);
}
return (int)eqpos;
}
static int parsePrefix(char *line, char *prefix)
{
// find "=".
// If found, the text before is key, after is val.
// Otherwise malformed string is encountered
char *colpos = strchr(line, ':');
if (colpos && colpos != line) {
// copy the name and the value
strncpy(prefix, line, colpos - line);
prefix[colpos - line] = 0;
return 1;
} else {
return 0;
}
}
static int configKeyValidate(const char *key)
{
if (strlen(key) == 0)
return 0;
return !strchr(key, '=');
}
static struct config_value_t *allocConfigItem(const char *key, const char *val)
{
struct config_value_t *it = (struct config_value_t *)malloc(sizeof(struct config_value_t));
strncpy(it->key, key, sizeof(it->key));
it->key[sizeof(it->key) - 1] = '\0';
strncpy(it->val, val, sizeof(it->val));
it->val[sizeof(it->val) - 1] = '\0';
it->next = NULL;
return it;
}
/// Low level key addition. Does not check for uniqueness.
static void addConfigValue(config_set_t *configSet, const char *key, const char *val)
{
if (!configSet->tail) {
configSet->head = allocConfigItem(key, val);
configSet->tail = configSet->head;
} else {
configSet->tail->next = allocConfigItem(key, val);
configSet->tail = configSet->tail->next;
}
}
static struct config_value_t *getConfigItemForName(config_set_t *configSet, const char *name)
{
struct config_value_t *val = configSet->head;
while (val) {
if (strncmp(val->key, name, sizeof(val->key)) == 0)
break;
val = val->next;
}
return val;
}
static char cfgDevice[8];
char *configGetDir(void)
{
if (!strncmp(cfgDevice, "mc", 2)) {
cfgDevice[2] = getmcID();
}
char *path = cfgDevice;
return path;
}
void configPrepareNotifications(char *prefix)
{
char *colpos;
snprintf(cfgDevice, sizeof(cfgDevice), prefix);
if ((colpos = strchr(cfgDevice, ':')) != NULL)
*(colpos + 1) = '\0';
}
void configInit(char *prefix)
{
char path[256];
int i;
if (prefix)
snprintf(legacyNetConfigPath, sizeof(legacyNetConfigPath), "%s/IPCONFIG.DAT", prefix);
else
prefix = gBaseMCDir;
for (i = 0; i < CONFIG_INDEX_COUNT; i++) {
snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", prefix, configFilenames[i]);
configAlloc(1 << i, &configFiles[i], path);
}
configPrepareNotifications(prefix);
}
void configSetMove(char *prefix)
{
char path[256];
int i;
if (prefix)
snprintf(legacyNetConfigPath, sizeof(legacyNetConfigPath), "%s/IPCONFIG.DAT", prefix);
else
prefix = gBaseMCDir;
for (i = 0; i < CONFIG_INDEX_COUNT; i++) {
snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", prefix, configFilenames[i]);
configMove(&configFiles[i], path);
}
configPrepareNotifications(prefix);
}
void configEnd()
{
int index = 0;
while (index < CONFIG_INDEX_COUNT) {
config_set_t *configSet = &configFiles[index];
configClear(configSet);
free(configSet->filename);
configSet->filename = NULL;
index++;
}
}
config_set_t *configAlloc(int type, config_set_t *configSet, char *fileName)
{
if (!configSet)
configSet = (config_set_t *)malloc(sizeof(config_set_t));
configSet->uid = ++currentUID;
configSet->type = type;
configSet->head = NULL;
configSet->tail = NULL;
if (fileName) {
int length = strlen(fileName) + 1;
configSet->filename = (char *)malloc(length * sizeof(char));
memcpy(configSet->filename, fileName, length);
} else
configSet->filename = NULL;
configSet->modified = 0;
return configSet;
}
void configMove(config_set_t *configSet, const char *fileName)
{
int length = strlen(fileName) + 1;
configSet->filename = realloc(configSet->filename, length);
memcpy(configSet->filename, fileName, length);
}
void configFree(config_set_t *configSet)
{
configClear(configSet);
free(configSet->filename);
free(configSet);
}
config_set_t *configGetByType(int type)
{
int index = 0;
while (index < CONFIG_INDEX_COUNT) {
config_set_t *configSet = &configFiles[index];
if (configSet->type == type)
return configSet;
index++;
}
return NULL;
}
int configSetStr(config_set_t *configSet, const char *key, const char *value)
{
if (!configKeyValidate(key))
return 0;
struct config_value_t *it = getConfigItemForName(configSet, key);
if (it) {
if (strncmp(it->val, value, sizeof(it->val)) != 0) {
strncpy(it->val, value, sizeof(it->val));
it->val[sizeof(it->val) - 1] = '\0';
if (it->key[0] != '#')
configSet->modified = 1;
}
} else {
addConfigValue(configSet, key, value);
if (key[0] != '#')
configSet->modified = 1;
}
return 1;
}
// sets the value to point to the value str in the config. Do not overwrite - it will overwrite the string in config
int configGetStr(config_set_t *configSet, const char *key, const char **value)
{
if (!configKeyValidate(key))
return 0;
struct config_value_t *it = getConfigItemForName(configSet, key);
if (it) {
*value = it->val;
return 1;
} else
return 0;
}
int configGetStrCopy(config_set_t *configSet, const char *key, char *value, int length)
{
const char *valref = NULL;
if (configGetStr(configSet, key, &valref)) {
strncpy(value, valref, length);
value[length - 1] = '\0';
return 1;
} else {
value[0] = '\0';
return 0;
}
}
int configSetInt(config_set_t *configSet, const char *key, const int value)
{
char tmp[12];
snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%d", value);
return configSetStr(configSet, key, tmp);
}
int configGetInt(config_set_t *configSet, const char *key, int *value)
{
const char *valref = NULL;
if (configGetStr(configSet, key, &valref)) {
*value = atoi(valref);
return 1;
} else {
return 0;
}
}
int configSetColor(config_set_t *configSet, const char *key, unsigned char *color)
{
char tmp[8];
snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "#%02X%02X%02X", color[0], color[1], color[2]);
return configSetStr(configSet, key, tmp);
}
int configGetColor(config_set_t *configSet, const char *key, unsigned char *color)
{
const char *valref = NULL;
if (configGetStr(configSet, key, &valref)) {
strToColor(valref, color);
return 1;
} else {
return 0;
}
}
int configRemoveKey(config_set_t *configSet, const char *key)
{
if (!configKeyValidate(key))
return 0;
struct config_value_t *val = configSet->head;
struct config_value_t *prev = NULL;
while (val) {
if (strncmp(val->key, key, sizeof(val->key)) == 0) {
if (key[0] != '#')
configSet->modified = 1;
if (val == configSet->tail)
configSet->tail = prev;
val = val->next;
if (prev) {
free(prev->next);
prev->next = val;
} else {
free(configSet->head);
configSet->head = val;
}
} else {
prev = val;
val = val->next;
}
}
return 1;
}
void configMerge(config_set_t *dest, const config_set_t *source)
{
struct config_value_t *val;
for (val = source->head; val != NULL; val = val->next) {
configSetStr(dest, val->key, val->val);
}
}
static int configReadLegacyIP(void)
{
config_set_t *configSet;
char temp[16];
int fd = openFile(legacyNetConfigPath, O_RDONLY);
if (fd >= 0) {
char ipconfig[256];
int size = getFileSize(fd);
read(fd, &ipconfig, size);
close(fd);
sscanf(ipconfig, "%d.%d.%d.%d %d.%d.%d.%d %d.%d.%d.%d", &ps2_ip[0], &ps2_ip[1], &ps2_ip[2], &ps2_ip[3],
&ps2_netmask[0], &ps2_netmask[1], &ps2_netmask[2], &ps2_netmask[3],
&ps2_gateway[0], &ps2_gateway[1], &ps2_gateway[2], &ps2_gateway[3]);
configSet = &configFiles[CONFIG_INDEX_NETWORK];
snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "%d.%d.%d.%d", ps2_ip[0], ps2_ip[1], ps2_ip[2], ps2_ip[3]);
configSetStr(configSet, CONFIG_NET_PS2_IP, temp);
snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "%d.%d.%d.%d", ps2_netmask[0], ps2_netmask[1], ps2_netmask[2], ps2_netmask[3]);
configSetStr(configSet, CONFIG_NET_PS2_NETM, temp);
snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "%d.%d.%d.%d", ps2_gateway[0], ps2_gateway[1], ps2_gateway[2], ps2_gateway[3]);
configSetStr(configSet, CONFIG_NET_PS2_GATEW, temp);
// The legacy format has no setting for the DNS server, so duplicate the gateway address.
configSetStr(configSet, CONFIG_NET_PS2_DNS, temp);
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
// dst has to have 5 bytes space
void configGetDiscIDBinary(config_set_t *configSet, void *dst)
{
memset(dst, 0, 5);
const char *gid = NULL;
if (configGetStr(configSet, CONFIG_ITEM_DNAS, &gid)) {
// convert from hex to binary
char *cdst = dst;
int p = 0;
while (*gid && p < 10) {
int dv = -1;
while (dv < 0 && *gid) // skip spaces, etc
dv = fromHex(*(gid++));
if (dv < 0)
break;
*cdst = *cdst * 16 + dv;
if ((++p & 1) == 0)
cdst++;
}
}
}
static int configReadFileBuffer(file_buffer_t *fileBuffer, config_set_t *configSet)
{
char *line;
unsigned int lineno = 0;
char prefix[CONFIG_KEY_NAME_LEN];
memset(prefix, 0, sizeof(prefix));
while (readFileBuffer(fileBuffer, &line)) {
lineno++;
char key[CONFIG_KEY_NAME_LEN], val[CONFIG_KEY_VALUE_LEN];
memset(key, 0, sizeof(key));
memset(val, 0, sizeof(val));
if (splitAssignment(line, key, sizeof(key), val, sizeof(val))) {
/* if the line does not start with whitespace,
* the prefix ends and we have to reset it
*/
if (!isWS(line[0]))
memset(prefix, 0, sizeof(prefix));
// insert config value
if (prefix[0]) {
// we have a prefix
char composedKey[CONFIG_KEY_NAME_LEN];
snprintf(composedKey, sizeof(composedKey), "%s_%s", prefix, key);
configSetStr(configSet, composedKey, val);
} else {
configSetStr(configSet, key, val);
}
} else if (parsePrefix(line, prefix)) {
// prefix is set, that's about it
} else {
LOG("CONFIG Malformed file '%s' line %d: '%s'\n", configSet->filename, lineno, line);
}
}
configSet->modified = 0;
return 1;
}
int configReadBuffer(config_set_t *configSet, const void *buffer, int size)
{
int ret;
file_buffer_t *fileBuffer = openFileBufferBuffer(0, buffer, size);
if (!fileBuffer) {
configSet->modified = 0;
return 0;
}
ret = configReadFileBuffer(fileBuffer, configSet);
closeFileBuffer(fileBuffer);
return ret;
}
int configRead(config_set_t *configSet)
{
int ret;
file_buffer_t *fileBuffer = openFileBuffer(configSet->filename, O_RDONLY, 0, 4096);
if (!fileBuffer) {
LOG("CONFIG No file %s.\n", configSet->filename);
configSet->modified = 0;
return 0;
}
ret = configReadFileBuffer(fileBuffer, configSet);
closeFileBuffer(fileBuffer);
return ret;
}
int configWrite(config_set_t *configSet)
{
if (configSet->modified) {
file_buffer_t *fileBuffer = openFileBuffer(configSet->filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0, 4096);
if (fileBuffer) {
char line[512];
bgmMute();
struct config_value_t *cur = configSet->head;
while (cur) {
if ((cur->key[0] != '\0') && (cur->key[0] != '#')) {
snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%s=%s\r\n", cur->key, cur->val); // add windows CR+LF (0x0D 0x0A)
writeFileBuffer(fileBuffer, line, strlen(line));
}
// and advance
cur = cur->next;
}
closeFileBuffer(fileBuffer);
configSet->modified = 0;
bgmUnMute();
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
int configGetStat(config_set_t *configSet, iox_stat_t *stat)
{
return (fileXioGetStat(configSet->filename, stat) >= 0 ? 1 : 0);
}
void configClear(config_set_t *configSet)
{
while (configSet->head) {
struct config_value_t *cur = configSet->head;
configSet->head = cur->next;
free(cur);
}
configSet->head = NULL;
configSet->tail = NULL;
configSet->modified = 1;
}
int configReadMulti(int types)
{
int result = 0, index;
for (index = 0; index < CONFIG_INDEX_COUNT; index++) {
config_set_t *configSet = &configFiles[index];
if (configSet->type & types) {
configClear(configSet);
if (configRead(configSet))
result |= configSet->type;
}
}
// If the network configuration is to be loaded and one cannot be loaded, attempt to load from the legacy network config file.
if ((types & CONFIG_NETWORK) && !(result & CONFIG_NETWORK))
if (configReadLegacyIP())
result |= CONFIG_NETWORK;
return result;
}
int configWriteMulti(int types)
{
int result = 0, index;
for (index = 0; index < CONFIG_INDEX_COUNT; index++) {
config_set_t *configSet = &configFiles[index];
if (configSet->type & types)
result += configWrite(configSet);
}
return result;
}
void configGetVMC(config_set_t *configSet, char *vmc, int length, int slot)
{
char gkey[CONFIG_KEY_NAME_LEN];
snprintf(gkey, sizeof(gkey), "%s_%d", CONFIG_ITEM_VMC, slot);
configGetStrCopy(configSet, gkey, vmc, length);
}
void configSetVMC(config_set_t *configSet, const char *vmc, int slot)
{
char gkey[CONFIG_KEY_NAME_LEN];
if (vmc[0] == '\0') {
configRemoveVMC(configSet, slot);
return;
}
snprintf(gkey, sizeof(gkey), "%s_%d", CONFIG_ITEM_VMC, slot);
configSetStr(configSet, gkey, vmc);
}
void configRemoveVMC(config_set_t *configSet, int slot)
{
char gkey[CONFIG_KEY_NAME_LEN];
snprintf(gkey, sizeof(gkey), "%s_%d", CONFIG_ITEM_VMC, slot);
configRemoveKey(configSet, gkey);
}
``` |
Zhang Junfang (, fl. 10th and 11th century) was a Taoist practitioner and scholar of the Northern Song Dynasty.
A native of Anlu (安陸) in Hubei, who served under the Emperor Zhenzong. He was noted as a wine drinker and a bibliophile. He compiled the Taoist encyclopedia Yunji Qiqian (雲笈七籤; translated as Seven Slips of the Cloudy Satchel, Seven Tablets in a Cloudy Satchel, or Seven Lots from the Bookbag of the Clouds.
References
Song dynasty Taoists
11th-century Taoists |
George Francis Austin (October 9, 1877 – May 13, 1954) was an American film actor. He appeared in more than 120 films between 1917 and 1950. He died in Los Angeles on May 13, 1954, at age 76.
Selected filmography
The Secret of Black Mountain (1917)
The Circus Cyclone (1925)
The Desert Demon (1925)
The Monster (1925 film) (1925)
Snowed In (1926)
Code of the Northwest (1926)
Sweet Adeline (1926)
The Terror (1928)
The Desert Bride (1928)
Court Martial (1928)
The Drifter (1929)
The Laurel-Hardy Murder Case (1930)
Bad Girl (1931)
The Range Feud (1931)
Another Wild Idea (1934)
Babes in Toyland (1934)
Young Dynamite (1937)
The Harvey Girls (1944)
Jiggs and Maggie in Court (1948)
References
External links
1877 births
1954 deaths
20th-century American male actors
American male film actors
Male actors from Missouri
People from Mound City, Missouri |
Kayaralam is one of the villages in Mayyil Gram panchayat in the Kannur District, state of Kerala, India.
Demographics
As of 2011 Census, Kayaralam had a population of 17,159 with 8,042 males (46.9%) and 9,117 females (53.1%). Kayaralam village has an area of with 3,800 families residing in it. The average male female sex ratio was 1,134 higher than state average of 1,084. In Kayaralam, 11.75% of the population was under 6 years age. Kayaralam had overall literacy of 94.1% higher than state average of 94%.
Administration
Before the formation of the Mayyil panchayath, it was a panchayath. Orappadi is the nearest town.
Transportation
The national highway passes through Valapattanam town. Goa and Mumbai can be accessed on the northern side and Cochin and Thiruvananthapuram can be accessed on the southern side. The road to the east of Iritty connects to Mysore and Bangalore. The nearest railway station is Kannur on Mangalore-Palakkad line.
Trains are available to almost all parts of India subject to advance booking over the internet. There are airports at Mattanur, Mangalore and Calicut. All of them are international airports but direct flights are available only to Middle Eastern countries.
References
Villages near Mayyil |
The Minneapolis-St. Paul Stock Exchange was a regional stock exchange based in Minnesota, United States. It opened for business in 1929, and merged with the Chicago Stock Exchange in 1949.
History
The new Minneapolis-St. Paul Stock Exchange opened for business in January 1929 for securities.
A new president was elected to head the Minneapolis Exchange in January 1939. Donald H. Brown, then secretary of the Wells-Dickey Company, took the position.
In one day in the middle of April 1942, the Minneapolis-St. Paul Stock Exchange, then exempted from registration with the SEC, did $121,935 of stock business, "bigger than six of the registered Exchanges."
The Midwest Stock Exchange was formed in 1949, with the merger of the Minneapolis/St. Paul exchange and the Chicago Stock Exchange, the Cleveland Stock Exchange, and the St. Louis Stock Exchange.
See also
Regional stock exchange
List of former stock exchanges in the Americas
List of stock exchange mergers in the Americas
History of Minneapolis
References
Former stock exchanges in the United States
Defunct companies based in Minnesota |
Cuprospinel is a mineral. Cuprospinel is an inverse spinel with the chemical formula CuFe2O4, where copper substitutes some of the iron cations in the structure. Its structure is similar to that of magnetite, Fe3O4, yet with slightly different chemical and physical properties due to the presence of copper.
The type locality of cuprospinel is Baie Verte, Newfoundland, Canada, where the mineral was found in an exposed ore dump. The mineral was first characterized by Ernest Henry Nickel, a mineralogist with the Department of Energy, Mines and Resources in Australia, in 1973. Cuprospinel is also found in other places, for example, in Hubei province, China and at Tolbachik volcano in Kamchatka, Russia.
Structural properties
Cuprospinel, like many other spinels has the general formula AB2O4. Yet, cuprospinel is an inverse spinel in that its A element, in this case copper (Cu2+), only occupies octahedral sites in the structure and the B element, iron (Fe2+ and Fe3+), is split between the octahedral and tetrahedral sites in the structure. The Fe2+ species will occupy some of the octahedral sites and there will only be Fe3+ at the tetrahedral sites. Cuprospinel adopts both cubic and tetragonal phases at room temperature, yet as temperature is elevated the cubic form is most stable.
Magnetic properties
nanoparticles have been characterized as a superparamagnetic material with saturated magnetization of , remnant magnetization and coercivity . The magnetic properties of are correlated with the size of particles. Particularly, the decreasing in saturated magnetization and remanence correspond to the decreasing in the size of particles, whereas the coercivity increases.
Solid phase synthesis
Spinel CuFe2O4 can be synthesized by solid phase synthesis at high temperature. In a particular procedure for this type of synthesis, the stoichiometric mixture of Cu(CH3COO)2· and FeC2O2 is ground together and stirred in a solvent. After evaporation of the solvent, the resulting powder is heated in a furnace at constant temperature around 900 °C in normal air-atmosphere environment. Then the resulting product is slowly cooled to room temperature in order to obtain the desired stable spinel structure.
Hydrothermal treatment of a precipitate in TEG
A method combining a first precipitation step at room temperature in triethylene glycol (TEG), a viscous and highly hygroscopic liquid with an elevated , followed by a thermal treatment at elevated temperature is an effective way to synthesize spinel oxide, especially copper iron oxide. Typically, NaOH is first added dropwise to a solution of Fe3+ (Fe(NO3)3 or Fe(acac)3) and Cu2+ (Cu(NO3)2 or CuCl2) in triethylene glycol at room temperature with constant stirring until a reddish-black precipitate completely form. The resulting viscous suspension is then placed in an ultrasonic bath to be properly dispersed, . The final product is then washed in diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol and deionized water, and then dried under vacuum to obtain oxide particles.
Uses
Cuprospinel is used in various industrial processes as a catalyst. An example is the water–gas shift reaction:
H2O(v) + CO(g) → CO2(g) + H2(g)
This reaction is particularly important for hydrogen production and enrichment.
The interest of cuprospinel arises in that magnetite is a widely used catalyst for many industrial chemical reactions, such as the Fischer–Tropsch process, the Haber–Bosch process and the water-gas shift reaction. It has been shown that doping magnetite with other elements gives it different chemical and physical properties; these different properties sometimes allow the catalyst to work more efficiently. As such, cuprospinel is essentially magnetite doped with copper and this enhances magnetite's water gas shift properties as a heterogeneous catalyst.
Recyclable catalyst for organic reactions
Recent years, various research towards the heterogeneous catalytic ability of CuFe2O4 in organic synthesis have been published ranging from traditional reactions to modern organometallic transformation. By taking advantages of magnetic nature, the catalyst can be separated simply by external magnetism, which can overcome the difficulty to separate nano-scaled metal catalyst from the reaction mixture. Particularly, only by applying magnetic bar at the outer vessel, the catalyst can easily be held at the edge of container while removing solution and washing particles. The obtained particles can be readily used for the next catalyst cycles. Moreover, the catalytic site can be exploited in either cooper or iron center because of the large-surface area of nanoparticles, leading to wide scope to apply this material in various types of reactions.
Catalyst for multi-component reaction (MCR)
Nano CuFe2O4 can be utilized as a catalyst in a one-pot synthesis of fluorine containing spirohexahydropyrimidine derivatives. It has also been observed that the catalyst can be reused five times without significant loss in catalytic activity after each runs. In the reaction, iron plays a vital role in the coordination with the carbonyl group in order to increase the electrophilic property, which can facilitate the reaction conditions and increase the reaction rate.
Another example for MCR utilizing CuFe2O4 was published in a research towards the A3 coupling of aldehydes, amine with phenylacetylene to give the corresponding propargylamines. The catalyst can be reused three times without remarkable reduce in reaction yield.
Catalyst for C-O cross coupling
Pallapothula and coworkers demonstrated CuFe2O4 is an efficient catalyst for C-O cross-coupling between phenols and aryl halides. The catalyst exhibited superior activity in comparison with other nanoparticles oxides such as Co3O4, SnO2, Sb2O3. Moreover, the catalyst can benefit in applying C-O cross-coupling on alkyl alcohols, leading to widening scope for the transformation.
Catalyst for C-H activation
Nano CuFe2O4 catalyst was demonstrated its activity for C-H activation in Mannich type reaction. In the mechanistic study, the copper play a significant role in both generate radical from TBHP and activate C-H from substituted alkyne. In this reaction, iron center was considered as a magnetic source and this hypothesis was proved by the experiment, in which magnetic Fe3O4 had been used but failed to catalyze reaction in the absence of copper center.
Other reactions
CuFe2O4 can also be applied for C-C cleavage α-arylation between acetylacetone with iodobenzene. The phenylacetone product was obtained with excellent yield at 99% and 95% selectivity observed for principal product compared to 3-phenyl-2,4-pentanedione as the byproduct. The XRD results were observed that crystal structure of catalyst remained unchanged after the sixth run while catalytic activity slightly decreases at 97% conversion in the final run. In this reaction, the mechanistic study showed the catalytic cycle started from CuII to CuI and then oxidized to CuII by aryl iodine.
The role of copper has been further emphasized in the coupling reaction of ortho-arylated phenols and dialkylformamides. It was observed that there was a single-electron oxidative addition of copperII to copperIII through a radical step, then transformed back to copperI by reductive elimination in the presence of either oxygen or peroxide. Catalyst can be reused 9 times without significant loss in catalytic activities.
Synergistic effect of catalytic activity
Notably, synergistic effect was demonstrated for the case of CuFe2O4 in Sonogashira reaction. Both Fe and Cu center contribute to catalytic activity of the transformation between aryl halide and substituted alkynes. The product was obtained with 70% yield in the presence of Nano CuFe2O4, while only 25% yield and <1% yield observed when using CuO and Fe3O4 respectively.
Mechanism of action of the catalyst
As can be noted in the examples shown above, many molecules involved in the reactions catalyzed by CuFe2O4 have a carbonyl group (C=O) or amine group (-NH2), which have electron lone pairs. These lone pairs are used to be adsorbed at the surface of the empty 3d orbital in the catalyst, and thus activate the molecules for the intended reactions. Other molecules containing functional groups with electron lone pairs such as nitro (NO2) and thiol (RS-H) also are activated by the catalyst. Species forming containing a single unpaired electron such as TEMPO or peroxymonosulphate are also adsorbed and activated to promote some organic reactions.
References
Catalysis
Spinel group
Iron(III) compounds |
The Five Families refer to five Italian American Mafia crime families that operate in New York City. In 1931, the five families were organized by Salvatore Maranzano following his victory in the Castellammarese War.
Maranzano reorganized the Italian American gangs in New York City into the Maranzano, Profaci, Mangano, Luciano, and Gagliano families, which are now known as the Bonanno, Colombo, Gambino, Genovese, and Lucchese families. Each family had a demarcated territory and an organizationally structured hierarchy and reported to the same overarching governing entity. Initially, Maranzano intended each family's boss to report to him as the capo dei capi ("boss of all the bosses").
However, this led to his assassination that September, and that role was abolished for The Commission, a ruling committee established by Lucky Luciano to oversee all Mafia activities in the United States and to mediate conflicts between families. It consisted of the bosses of the Five Families as well as the bosses of the Chicago Outfit and the Buffalo crime family. In 1963, Joseph Valachi publicly disclosed the existence of New York City's Five Families at the Valachi hearings. Since then, a few other crime families have been able to become powerful or notable enough to rise to a level comparable to that of the Five Families, holding or sharing the unofficial designation of Sixth Family.
History
Leading up to the Five Families
In the 1920s, Mafia operations in the U.S. were controlled by Giuseppe "Joe The Boss" Masseria, whose faction consisted mainly of gangsters from Sicily and the Calabria and Campania regions of Southern Italy. Masseria's faction included Charles "Lucky" Luciano, Albert "Mad Hatter" Anastasia, Vito Genovese, Alfred Mineo, Willie Moretti, Joe Adonis, and Frank Costello. However, powerful Sicilian mafioso Don Vito Cascio Ferro decided to make a bid for control of Mafia operations. From his base in Castellammare del Golfo, he sent Salvatore Maranzano to seize control. The Castellammarese faction in the U.S. included Joseph "Joe Bananas" Bonanno, Stefano "The Undertaker" Magaddino, Joseph Profaci, and Joe Aiello. As it became more and more evident that the two factions would clash for leadership of the Mafia, they each sought to recruit more followers to support them.
Outwardly, the Castellammarese War was between the forces of Masseria and Maranzano. Underneath, however, there was also a generational conflict between the old guard Sicilian leadership known as the "Mustache Petes" for their long mustaches and old-world ways, such as refusing to do business with non-Italians and the "Young Turks", a younger and more diverse Italian group who were more forward-thinking and willing to work more with non-Italians. This approach led his followers to question whether Masseria was even capable of making the Mafia prosper in modern times. Led by Luciano, the aim of this group was to end the war as soon as possible in order to resume their businesses, because they viewed the conflict as unnecessary. Luciano's objective was to modernize the mob and do away with unnecessary orthodox norms. This was a vision that enabled him to attract followers, who had seen the inadequacies of Masseria's traditionalist leadership. Therefore, both factions were fluid, with many mobsters switching sides or killing their own allies during the war. Tensions between the Maranzano and Masseria factions were evident as far back as 1928, with one side frequently hijacking the other's alcohol trucks (alcohol production was then illegal in the United States due to Prohibition).
In early 1931, Luciano made the decision to take out Masseria. The war had been going poorly for Masseria, and Luciano saw an opportunity to switch allegiance. In a secret deal with Maranzano, Luciano agreed to engineer Masseria's death in return for receiving Masseria's rackets and becoming Maranzano's second-in-command. Joe Adonis had joined the Masseria faction and when Masseria heard about Luciano's betrayal, he approached Adonis about killing Luciano. However, Adonis instead warned Luciano about the murder plot. On April 15, 1931, Masseria was killed at Nuova Villa Tammaro, a Coney Island restaurant in Brooklyn. While they played cards, Luciano allegedly excused himself to the bathroom, with the gunmen reportedly being Anastasia, Genovese, Adonis, and Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel; Ciro "The Artichoke King" Terranova drove the getaway car, but legend has it that he was too shaken up to drive away and had to be shoved out of the driver's seat by Siegel. With Maranzano's blessing, Luciano took over Masseria's gang and became Maranzano's lieutenant, ending the Castellammarese War.
The Five Families' formation
With Masseria gone, Maranzano reorganized the Italian American gangs in New York City into the Five Families headed by Luciano, Profaci, Gagliano, Mangano, and himself. Maranzano called a meeting of crime bosses in Wappingers Falls, New York, where he declared himself capo di tutti i capi ("boss of all bosses"). Maranzano also whittled down the rival families' rackets in favor of his own. Luciano appeared to accept these changes, but was merely biding his time before removing Maranzano. Although Maranzano was slightly more forward-thinking than Masseria, Luciano had come to believe that Maranzano was even more greedy and hidebound than Masseria had been.
By September 1931, Maranzano realized Luciano was a threat, and hired Vincent "Mad Dog" Coll, an Irish gangster, to kill him. However, Lucchese alerted Luciano that he was marked for death. On September 10, 1931, Maranzano ordered Luciano, Genovese, and Costello to come to his office at the 230 Park Avenue in Manhattan. Convinced that Maranzano planned to murder them, Luciano decided to act first. He sent to Maranzano's office four Jewish gangsters whose faces were unknown to Maranzano's people. They had been secured with the aid of Jewish mobsters Meyer Lansky and Bugsy Siegel. Disguised as government agents, two of the gangsters disarmed Maranzano's bodyguards. The other two, aided by Lucchese, who was there to point Maranzano out, stabbed the boss multiple times before shooting him. This assassination was the first of what would later be fabled as the "Night of the Sicilian Vespers".
The Commission's formation
After Maranzano's murder in 1931, Luciano called a meeting in Chicago. Although there would have been few objections had Luciano declared himself capo di tutti i capi, he abolished the title, believing the position created trouble among the families and would make himself a target for another ambitious challenger. Luciano's goals with the Commission were to quietly maintain his own power over all the families, and to prevent future gang wars; the bosses approved the idea of the Commission. The Commission would consist of a "board of directors" to oversee all Mafia activities in the United States and serve to mediate conflicts between families.
The Commission consisted of seven family bosses: the leaders of New York's Five Families: Charlie "Lucky" Luciano, Vincent Mangano, Tommy Gagliano, Joseph Bonanno, and Joe Profaci; Chicago Outfit boss Al Capone; and Buffalo family boss Stefano Magaddino. Charlie Luciano was appointed chairman of the Commission. The Commission agreed to hold meetings every five years or when they needed to discuss family problems.
Decline of the Mafia
The five Mafia families in New York are still active, albeit less powerful. The peak of the Mafia in the United States was during the 1940s, and the 1950s, until the year 1970 when the RICO Act was enacted. The specific reason for the RICO Act was to stop the mafia and organized crime as a whole. The act was effective, and led to a large portion of the members who were arrested turning into informants. This effect compounded over time.
Original and current Five Families bosses
In 1963, Joseph Valachi publicly disclosed the existence of New York City's Five Families at the Valachi hearings. According to Valachi, the original bosses of the Five Families were Charles Luciano, Tommaso Gagliano, Joseph Profaci, Salvatore Maranzano and Vincent Mangano. At the time of his testimony in 1963, Valachi revealed that the current bosses of the Five Families were Tommy Lucchese, Vito Genovese, Joseph Colombo, Carlo Gambino, and Joe Bonanno. These have since been the names most commonly used to refer to the New York Five Families, despite years of overturn and changing bosses in each.
Territories
The crime families historically operated throughout the New York Metropolitan area, but mainly within New York City. In the state of New York, the gangs have increased their criminal rackets on Long Island (Nassau and Suffolk) and the counties of Westchester, Rockland, and Albany. They also maintain a strong presence in the state of New Jersey. The Five Families are also active in South Florida, Connecticut, Las Vegas, and Massachusetts.
The Bonanno crime family operates mainly in Brooklyn, Queens, Staten Island, and Long Island. The family also maintains influence in Manhattan, The Bronx, Westchester County, New Jersey, California, Florida, and Atlanta. and have ties to the Rizzuto crime family in Quebec.
The Bath Avenue Crew operated in the Bensonhurst section of Brooklyn, New York.
The Colombo crime family operates mainly in Brooklyn, Queens, and Long Island. The family also maintains influence in Staten Island, Manhattan, The Bronx, New Jersey, Georgia, and Florida.
The Gambino crime family operates mainly in Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, Staten Island, and Long Island. The family also maintains influence in The Bronx, New Jersey, Westchester County, Connecticut, Florida, and Los Angeles.
The Ozone Park Boys operate in Queens and Long Island.
The Staten Island Boys operate mainly in Staten Island under few other sub-groups.
The Annadale-Rossville Boys
Great Kills Crew
North Staten Island Crew
The Genovese crime family operates mainly in Manhattan, The Bronx, Brooklyn, and New Jersey. The family also maintains influence in Queens, Staten Island, Long Island, Westchester County, Rockland County, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Florida.
116th Street Crew operates in Upper Manhattan and The Bronx.
Greenwich Village Crew operates in Greenwich Village in Lower Manhattan.
Genovese crime family New Jersey faction operates throughout the state of New Jersey.
The Lucchese crime family operates mainly in The Bronx, Manhattan, Brooklyn, and New Jersey. The family also maintains influence in Queens, Long Island, Staten Island, Westchester County, and Florida.
Cutaia Crew operates in Brooklyn, Queens, and Long Island.
Lucchese crime family New Jersey faction operates throughout New Jersey.
The Tanglewood Boys was a "recruitment gang" that operated in Westchester County, The Bronx, and Manhattan.
Mafia boss succession
Maranzano/Bonanno family
1909–1912 – Sebastiano DiGaetano
1912–1930 – Nicolo Schirò – fled
1930–1931 – Salvatore Maranzano – murdered on September 10, 1931
1931–1968 – Joseph "Joe Bananas" Bonanno – on October 21, 1964, Bonanno disappeared; forcibly replaced as boss by the commission; crime family split into two factions; in May 1966, Bonanno reappeared after two years; officially retires after a heart attack in 1968
Disputed 1964–1966 – Gaspar "Gasparino" DiGregorio – installed when Bonanno disappeared and later forcibly replaced by the Commission
Acting 1966–1968 – Paul Sciacca – for the DiGregorio faction
1968–1971 – Paul Sciacca – imprisoned
1971–1973 – Natale "Joe Diamonds" Evola – died on August 28, 1973
1973–1991 – Phillip "Rusty" Rastelli – imprisoned 1975–1984 and 1986–1991
Acting (unofficial) 1974–1979 – Carmine "Cigar" Galante – murdered on July 12, 1979
Acting 1979–1983 – Salvatore "Sally Fruits" Farrugia – appointed by the Commission
Acting 1987–1991 – Anthony "Old Man" Spero – sentenced to life imprisonment in 2002, died in 2008
1991–2004 – Joseph "Big Joey" Massino – imprisoned January 2003, became government informant in October 2004
Acting 1991–1993 – Anthony "Old Man" Spero
Acting 2003–2004 – Anthony "Tony Green" Urso – imprisoned January 2004
2004–2011 – Vincent "Vinny Gorgeous" Basciano – imprisoned November 2004, in July 2007 received a life sentence
Acting 2004–2006 – Michael "the Nose" Mancuso – imprisoned February 2006
Acting 2006–2009 – Salvatore "Sal the Iron Worker" Montagna – deported to Canada in April 2009, shot and killed in November 2011
Acting 2010–2012 – Vincent "Vinny T.V." Badalamenti – imprisoned in January 2012
2013–present – Michael "the Nose" Mancuso – released from prison March 12, 2019
Acting 2013–2014 – Thomas "Tommy D" DiFiore – arrested on January 23, 2014
Acting 2014–2015 – John "Johnny Skyway" Palazzolo – arrested on March 27, 2015, for violating parole
Acting 2015–2019 – Joseph "Joe C" Cammarano Jr. – indicted on racketeering and extortion charges on January 12, 2018, acquitted March 13, 2019
Profaci/Colombo family
1928–1962 – Joseph Profaci – died of natural causes
1962–1963 – Joseph Magliocco – forced to retire by Mafia Commission
1963–1973 – Joseph Colombo – paralyzed by assassination attempt
Acting 1971–1972 – Joseph Yacovelli – fled, after the murder of Joe Gallo
Acting 1972–1973 – Vincenzo "Vincent" Aloi – imprisoned
Acting 1973 – Joseph "Joey" Brancato – imprisoned
1973–2019 – Carmine "Junior" Persico – imprisoned 1973–1979, 1981–1984, 1985–2019, died on March 7, 2019
Acting 1973–1979 – Thomas DiBella – stepped down, became consigliere
Acting 1981–1983 – Alphonse "Allie Boy" Persico – Carmine Persico's brother; fugitive 1980–1987, imprisoned
Acting 1983–1984 – Gennaro "Jerry Lang" Langella – imprisoned
Acting 1985–1987 – Anthony "Scappy" Scarpati – imprisoned
Acting 1987–1991 – Vittorio "Vic" Orena – imprisoned sentenced to life
Acting 1991–1993 – Vacant – disputed leadership during the third war
Acting 1994–1996 – Andrew "Andy Mush" Russo – imprisoned March 1997
Acting 1996–2019 – Alphonse "Little Allie Boy" Persico – Carmine Persico's son; imprisoned sentenced to life 2009
2019–2022 – Andrew "Andy Mush" Russo – indicted on September 14, 2021. Died on April 18, 2022.
Mangano/Gambino family
1900s–1910 – Ignazio "the Wolf" Lupo – imprisoned in 1910.
1910–1928 – Salvatore "Toto" D'Aquila – took over the Brooklyn Camorra in 1916 and merged with Al Mineo's gang forming the largest family in New York. He was killed on orders of boss Joe Masseria in 1928.
1928–1930 – Manfredi "Alfred" Mineo – killed in Castellammarese War in 1930.
1930–1931 – Frank Scalice – demoted after murder of boss of all bosses Salvatore Maranzano.
1931–1951 – Vincent Mangano – disappeared in April 1951, allegedly killed on orders of underboss Albert Anastasia.
1951–1957 – Albert Anastasia – murdered in October 1957 on orders of Carlo Gambino.
1957–1976 – Carlo Gambino – died of natural causes in 1976.
Acting 1964–1976 – Paul Castellano – acting boss for Gambino, became official boss after his death.
1976–1985 – Paul Castellano – murdered in December 1985 on orders of capo John Gotti.
1985–2002 – John Gotti – imprisoned in 1990, died in 2002.
Acting 1993–1999 – John A. Gotti – imprisoned in 1999, later retired.
Acting 1999–2002 – Peter Gotti – promoted to official boss.
2002–2011 – Peter Gotti – imprisoned in 2002, died in 2021.
Acting 2002–2005 – Arnold Squitieri
Acting 2005–2008 – John D'Amico
2011–present – Domenico "Italian Dom" Cefalù
Acting 2015–2019 – Frank Cali – murdered in March 2019.
Front boss 2019–present – Lorenzo Mannino
Luciano/Genovese family
1890s–1909 – Giuseppe "the Clutch Hand" Morello – imprisoned
1910–1916 – Nicholas "Nick Morello" Terranova – murdered on September 7, 1916
1916–1920 – Vincenzo "Vincent" Terranova – stepped down becoming underboss
1920–1922 – Giuseppe "the Clutch Hand" Morello – stepped down becoming underboss to Masseria
1922–1931 – Giuseppe "Joe the Boss" Masseria – murdered on April 15, 1931
1931–1946 – Charles "Lucky" Luciano – imprisoned in 1936, deported to Italy in 1946
Acting 1936–1937 – Vito Genovese – fled to Italy in 1937 to avoid murder charge
Acting 1937–1946 – Frank "the Prime Minister" Costello – became official boss after Luciano's deportation
1946–1957 – Frank "the Prime Minister" Costello – resigned in 1957 after Genovese -Gigante assassination attempt
1957–1969 – Vito "Don Vito" Genovese – imprisoned in 1959, died in prison in 1969
Acting 1959–1962 – Anthony "Tony Bender" Strollo – disappeared in 1962
Acting 1962–1965 – Thomas "Tommy Ryan" Eboli – became front boss
Acting 1965–1969 – Philip "Benny Squint" Lombardo – became the official boss
1969–1981 – Philip "Benny Squint" Lombardo – retired in 1981, died of natural causes in 1987
1981–2005 – Vincent "Chin" Gigante – imprisoned in 1997, died in prison on December 19, 2005
Acting 1989–1996 – Liborio "Barney" Bellomo – promoted to street boss
Acting 1997–1998 – Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo – suffered heart attack and resigned
Acting 1998–2005 – Matthew "Matty the Horse" Ianniello – resigned when indicted in July 2005
Acting 2005–2008 – Daniel "Danny the Lion" Leo – imprisoned 2008–2013
2010–present – Liborio "Barney" Bellomo
Gagliano/Lucchese family
1922–1930: Gaetano "Tommy" Reina: murdered on February 26, 1930
1930: Bonaventura "Joseph" Pinzolo: murdered on September 5, 1930
1930–1951: Tommaso "Tommy" Gagliano: retired in 1951, died on February 16, 1953
1951–1967: Gaetano "Tommy Brown" Lucchese: died on July 13, 1967
Acting 1966–1967: Carmine Tramunti: stepped down
Acting 1967: Ettore "Eddie" Coco: stepped down
1967–1973: Carmine "Mr. Gribbs" Tramunti: imprisoned in October 1973
1973–1986: Anthony "Tony Ducks" Corallo: indicted on February 15, 1985, convicted on November 19, 1986, in the Mafia Commission Trial and sentenced on January 13, 1987 to 100 years in prison.
1986–present: Vittorio "Vic" Amuso: arrested in 1991, received a life sentence in January 1993
Acting 1990–1991: Alphonse "Little Al" D'Arco: demoted, became a member of a ruling panel
Acting 1995–1998: Joseph "Little Joe" DeFede: imprisoned in 1998
Acting 1998–2000: Steven "Wonderboy" Crea: imprisoned on September 6, 2000
Acting 2000–2003: Louis "Louie Bagels" Daidone: imprisoned March 2003, received life sentence in January 2004
Acting 2009–2017: Matthew "Matt" Madonna: indicted 2007 and 2009; imprisoned 2015–present; indicted 2017
Acting 2017–present: Michael "Big Mike" DeSantis
References
Further reading
Organizations established in 1931
1931 establishments in New York City
Organizations based in New York City
Italian-American crime families
Gangs in New York City
Italian-American culture in New York City |
Daniel Gaspar (born August 27, 1955, in South Glastonbury, Connecticut) is a Portuguese-American football and goalkeeping coach who is an assistant coach for Hartford Athletic.
Gaspar was a long-time assistant and consultant to Carlos Queiroz with whom he co-authored Project 2010 for the USSF in 1998, with the goal to create a blueprint for long-term improvements in US soccer.
Gaspar worked as a technical assistant and also a goalkeeping assistant coach for the Portuguese men's and youth national football teams and for the South African men's national team. He also worked as the goalkeeping coach for Sporting CP, S.L. Benfica and F.C. Porto in Portugal, and he was the assistant coach of J League Nagoya Grampus Eight in Japan.
Gaspar was the head coach of University of Hartford men's soccer team between 2005 and 2010. He resigned in March 2011. He played as a goalkeeper when he was a business management college student at the University of Hartford. He was also the associate head coach of Central Connecticut State University men's soccer team.
Gaspar was the head coach of A-League Connecticut Wolves, the assistant coach of the NY/NJ MetroStars and he was also the associate head coach of Central Connecticut State University men's team. He also founded the Star Goalkeeper Academy in 1995, and he took over the Connecticut Soccer School in 2004 with the aim of bringing his international coaching expertise to the youth level.
Coaching career
Gaspar pursued his passion for goalkeeping as a club and national team goalkeeping coach in Portugal. Since 1993, Gaspar has worked with Carlos Queiroz as a goalkeeping coach, technical adviser, and assistant coach for several club and national team coaching assignments. These included the Portuguese men's national team in 1994, and from 2009 to 2010, the Portuguese U16 and U18 men's and women's youth teams from 1992 to 1993, and the South African men's national football team in 2001, as well as Sporting CP, J League Nagoya Grampus Eight, and the NY/NJ MetroStars. In 2003 Gaspar worked with Luiz Felipe Scolari as the goalkeeping coach for the Portuguese men's national football team and also with José Antonio Camacho as the goalkeeping coach at S.L. Benfica, between 2003 and 2004.
On April 4, 2011, Gaspar became the assistant and goalkeeping coach for Iran's national team, alongside head coach Carlos Queiroz and assistant coach Omid Namazi. On June 18, 2013, Iran qualified for the 2014 FIFA World Cup, before qualifying for the 2015 AFC Asian Cup months later.
In September 2022, Gaspar joined Hartford Athletic as assistant and goalkeeping coach alongside Tab Ramos and Omid Namazi.
Head coaching record
References
OSATv TouchLine With Dan Gaspar
University of Hartford Athletics
Dan Gaspar Resume
Dan Gapar: The American behind Iran's World Cup qualification
NY Times Article
Interview with Dan Gaspar
External links
Official biography, Hartford Hawks
1955 births
University of Hartford people
Central Connecticut State University
Living people
Portuguese football managers
People from Glastonbury, Connecticut
American people of Portuguese descent
Hartford Hawks men's soccer players
Hartford Hawks men's soccer coaches
New York Red Bulls non-playing staff
Men's association football goalkeepers
Association football goalkeeping coaches
Association football players not categorized by nationality
American expatriate sportspeople in Iran
American expatriate sportspeople in South Africa
American expatriate sportspeople in Japan
S.L. Benfica non-playing staff
FC Porto non-playing staff
Sporting CP non-playing staff |
Nicholas Charles Dempsey (born 13 August 1980 in Norwich) is a British windsurfer, who lives in Poole, Dorset. He became the first man to win three Olympics medals in windsurfing when he won silver in the 2016 Rio Olympics, adding to a silver won in the 2012 London Olympics, and a bronze from the 2004 Athens Olympics. He is also twice world champion, winning gold in 2009 and 2013.
Career
Dempsey booked his first international success at the 1998 Mistral Youth World Championships, where he won the bronze medal. As a senior his first win was clinched at the North Sea Cup Series in Pevensey Bay, and an additional third place in the Kiel Week.
During the 2000 Summer Olympics he finished in 16th position. He continued winning competitions in 2001 and beyond like Athens Eurolymp Week, Kieler Woche and the Spa Regatta before finishing third at the 2004 Summer Olympics to take the windsurfing bronze medal.
When switching to the RS:X class he won race after race, resulting in the first spot on the RS:X world rankings. He took the gold medal at the 2006 RS:X European Championships. At the 2006 RS:X World Championships he finished in 5th position.
At the 2008 Summer Olympics he came 4th in the RS:X Class windsurfing class with 60 points. He was 2 points behind Israeli bronze medalist Shahar Tzuberi.
At the 2012 Summer Olympics, Dempsey won the silver medal in the RS:X Class windsurfing class, behind Dorian van Rijsselberge of the Netherlands.
In the 2016 Summer Olympics, Dempsey again won the silver in the RS:X Class, again behind van Rijsselberge. With three medals won in the Olympics, he became the most decorated men's Olympic windsurfer.
Personal life
Dempsey married yachtswoman Sarah Ayton in October 2008 just two months after she won a gold medal at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. In June 2009, they had a son, Thomas-Flynn, and another son Oscar in March 2012. The couple broke up in late 2012. Dempsey has an interest in photography.
Achievements
References
External links
1980 births
Living people
English windsurfers
English male sailors (sport)
Olympic sailors for Great Britain
British male sailors (sport)
Olympic bronze medallists for Great Britain
Sailors at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Mistral One Design
Sailors at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Mistral One Design
Sailors at the 2008 Summer Olympics – RS:X
Sailors at the 2012 Summer Olympics – RS:X
Sailors at the 2016 Summer Olympics – RS:X
Sportspeople from Norwich
Olympic medalists in sailing
Olympic silver medallists for Great Britain
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
RS:X class world champions
Sportspeople from Weymouth |
Fred Scerni (born February 18, 1948) is an American politician who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from the 2nd Legislative District from 1990 to 1992.
References
1948 births
Living people
Democratic Party members of the New Jersey General Assembly
Politicians from Atlantic City, New Jersey |
Cymrite is a silicate mineral with the chemical formula BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8·H2O. The mineral is named for Cymru, which is the Welsh word for Wales.
Cymrite, with perfect cleavage and a monoclinic crystalline system, falls in the silicate group. Silicates are formed of Silicon and Oxygen bonding together to form tetrahedra. The symmetry of Cymrite is classified as having a mirror plane. It has a moderate relief, meaning the contrast between the mineral and the epoxy of a thin section makes cymrite easily visible. The birefringence of the mineral is 0.01. Cymrite, being monoclinic is anisotropic with two optic axes.
Occurrence
Cymrite was discovered in Wales but is found in other areas throughout the United States, Africa, Greece and other parts of Europe. It occurs in generally high temperature-pressure areas such as the hydrothermal manganese silicate ore that makes up the Benalt Mine in Wales and in manganese rock that has undergone high-pressure metamorphism found in Greece. It is important to geologists because of its limited occurrence, when cymrite is present on a rock it indicates that the rock, at some point, must have experienced high pressure and temperature.
References
Phyllosilicates
Barium minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 6 |
Martin Kober (also Chober, Cober, Coeber, Khober, Koeber, Koebner, ) (ca. 1550 – before 1598) was a portrait painter and court painter to different Central European monarchs - King Stephen Báthory, Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, Queen Anna Jagiellon and King Sigismund III Vasa, active mainly in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Life
Marcin Kober a Polish artist, was born in Wrocław Poland. Trained as a guild painter, he traveled through Germany for three years as a wandering journeyman to gain experience in different workshops. In 1583 he came to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from Magdeburg and become court painter of King Stephen Báthory and Queen Anna Jagiellon. He was appointed the royal servitor and at the court he met his wife Dorothea, also a painter specializing in painting crests. After the King's death he returned to Wrocław, from where he joined the Imperial court of Rudolf II in Prague as a portrait painter, due to the conflict with other guild painters in the city. The emperor released him from the guild laws in 1587. After his return to Poland in 1590 he was employed by King Sigismund III Vasa and worked in Kraków and Warsaw. He also traveled to Graz in 1595 to paint portraits of the family of Archduke Charles II for Queen Anne of Austria. Kober died in Kraków or Warsaw.
Work
Until the times of Martin Kober the portraiture in Poland was treated as not very important branch of painting by local artists. Kober was the first painter active in the Commonwealth specializing in the official portraiture and is therefore considered as the precursor of this genre in Poland. His portraits of the royal family influenced the royal iconography for the next hundred years and found its source in Spanish portraiture through artistic community in Prague. His earlier works at the court of Stephen Báthory affected development of the Polish Sarmatian portrait.
The artist works can be found in different museums across Europe including Orava Gallery in Dolný Kubín (Portrait of Daniel Kubínyiho), Uffizi in Florence (Portrait of Stephen Báthory), Convent of Las Descalzas Reales in Madrid (portraits of royal children), Bavarian State Picture Collection (portraits of royal children), Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna (Portrait of Sigismund III Vasa) and in Poland with several versions of portrait of widowed Anna Jagiellon, presumably an evidence of well organized workshop. The effigy, with Wawel Castle version considered as original, was painted flat. It is characterized by a strong realism and decorativeness. Versions in the National Museum in Warsaw and in the Museum of King Jan III's Palace at Wilanów differ is details with absence or addition of certain parts.
References
External links
1550s births
1598 deaths
16th-century German painters
German male painters
16th-century Polish painters
Polish male painters
Court painters of Polish kings
German expatriates in Poland
People from Austrian Silesia
Artists from Wrocław
Polish Mannerist painters |
Levi Twiggs (21 May 1793 – 13 September 1847) was an officer in the United States Marine Corps during the War of 1812, the Seminole Wars, and the Mexican–American War.
Biography
Born in Richmond County, Georgia, Twiggs was commissioned a second lieutenant on 10 November 1813. During the War of 1812, he saw action on board President and was captured when that frigate was taken by a squadron of four British warships. After being imprisoned at Bermuda, he was freed when word of the Treaty of Ghent reached that island. Over two decades later, he took part in the Seminole Wars in Florida and Georgia in 1836 and 1837, and achieved the rank of major in November 1840. When the war with Mexico opened, Major Twiggs requested an active part in the fighting and was attached to the Marine Battalion which left New York in June 1847. He fell to enemy fire as he led a storming party in the assault on Chapultepec before Mexico City on 13 September 1847 and was interred at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia.
Namesake
Two ships, USS Twiggs, were named for him.
See also
References
1793 births
1847 deaths
United States Marine Corps officers
War of 1812 prisoners of war held by the United Kingdom
People from Richmond County, Georgia
Deaths by firearm in Mexico
American military personnel of the War of 1812
American military personnel killed in the Mexican–American War
Burials at Laurel Hill Cemetery (Philadelphia) |
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