id stringlengths 4 8 | url stringlengths 33 178 | title stringlengths 2 104 | text stringlengths 14 125k |
|---|---|---|---|
32691168 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea%20Moda%20S921 | Andrea Moda S921 | The Andrea Moda S921 was a Formula One car designed by Simtek and used by the Andrea Moda Formula team in the 1992 Formula One season. It was driven by the experienced Brazilian Roberto Moreno and Englishman Perry McCarthy.
The S921 used the Judd GV V10 engine.
The plans for the car had been purchased from Nick Wirth's Simtek Research, who had originally designed the machine in 1990 for BMW's proposed entry into Formula 1. The design was then revived and updated; two chassis were built for Moreno and McCarthy.
The car was highly unsuccessful and its best result was at the 1992 Monaco Grand Prix; Moreno managed to get through the Friday pre-qualifying session, and then qualified in 26th place for the race. After the first qualifying session on Thursday standing 20th, managed in total 11 laps, reaching as high as 19th place before retiring with engine failure.
The team was expelled from the championship after team owner Andrea Sassetti was arrested at Spa for financial irregularities, and following an FIA ruling following the arrest that the team was not run "in a manner compatible with the standards of the championship or in any way brings the championship into disrepute." The team did still turn up at Monza for the next Grand Prix but was banned from entering the paddock.
The team finished last in the Constructors' Championship, with no points.
Complete Formula One results
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position, results in italics indicate fastest lap)
References
Lapped Legends
F1 STATS
External links
Andrea Moda profile on F1 Rejects
Andrea Moda profile on Chequered Flag Motorsports
Car Statistics on STATSF1
'Running on Empty' ESPN F1 Story
Formula One cars |
69639462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20McCulloch | General McCulloch | General McCulloch may refer to:
Andrew McCulloch (British Army officer) (1876–1960), British Army major general
Benjamin McCulloch (1811–1862), Texas Militia major general and Confederate States Army brigadier general
Henry Eustace McCulloch (1816–1895), Confederate States Army brigadier general
See also
Arthur L. McCullough (1896–1979), U.S. Air Force brigadier general |
65724704 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekino%20Jun%27ichir%C5%8D | Sekino Jun'ichirō | was a Japanese woodblock printer, one of the major postwar artists of the sosaku hanga ("creative print") movement.
Early life
Sekino Jun'ichirō was born in 1914 in the Yasukata district of Aomori, Aomori Prefecture, in northern Japan. From a young age he immersed himself in the study of printmaking. In middle school he started a magazine Ryokuju-mu ("Dream of Green Foliage") devoted to poetry and print.
Sekino studied at Nishida Takeo's Japanese Etching Institute and enrolled at private school to learn oil painting and drawing. From 1931 he studied intaglio printmaking and lithography under Kon Junzō who considered his pupil "an artistic genius."
In 1935 Sekino submitted an etching of Aomori harbor to a government sponsored Teiten exhibition and won a first prize. Later the same year he was awarded a prize for print exhibited at the Nihon Hanga Kyokai (Japanese Print Association). He joined the Nihon Hanga Kyokai in 1938, and the Kokugakai (National Picture Association) in 1940.
Career
In April 1939 Sekino moved to Tokyo where he was employed by publisher Shimo Taro and met Kōshirō Onchi. He was one of the founding members of Onchi's Ichimokukai (First Thursday Society), where he was considered Onchi's "right-hand man." During the Second World War, Sekino procured lodging and theater facilities for entertainment troupes. Through this role he met famous kabuki actor Nakamura Kichiemon I whose woodblock portrait he produced in 1947. Alongside further depictions of artists such as Shikō Munakata and Onchi, it became one of his most renowned pieces, and established him as the country's pre-eminent woodblock portraitist.
Besides portraits, Sekino produced still lifes, landscapes (both rural scenes and cityscapes), depictions of animals, and abstract works. He also worked in lithography and etching, and in 1953 founded the Japanese Etchers Society.
In 1958, at the invitation of the Japan Society, Sekino taught at America's Pratt Institute. In 1963 Gordon Gilkey of the Oregon State University hired him to teach a class. He also taught at the University of Washington and worked in New Mexico at the Tamarind Studio where he studied with Glen Alps, the inventor of collography. In 1969 he returned to Oregon State where, in 1975, his series depicting the Fifty-three Stations of the Tōkaidō was exhibited with Hiroshige's famous 1834 version.
Prints
Sekino was influenced by German Renaissance artist Albrecht Dürer and stated that, "one of the things I like most about him is his thoroughness, his corner-to-corner completeness."
Sekino created over 400 prints. His years of studying printmaking techniques enabled him to produce work of a consistent and extremely high quality, in excess of most of his contemporary sosaku hanga artists. Onchi honoured him in allowing Sekino to reprint his Portrait of Hagiwara Sakutaro, and he assisted Maekawa Senpan in his Hot Spring Notes series.
As well as the Fifty-Three Stations, Sekino created series such as: Old Capital, Prints of the Narrow Road to the Deep North, Collection of Aomori Folk Toys and Collection of Famous Japan Folk Toys. He contributed to Onchi's 1945 series Scenes of Last Tokyo (Tokyo kaiko zue).
Notes
References
Merritt, Helen. Modern Japanese Woodblock Prints - The Early Years, University of Hawaii Press, 1998, p. 240-241<ref>
Merritt, Helen. Guide to Modern Japanese Woodblock Prints: 1900-1975, University of Hawaii Press, 1992, p. 133-134;
Petit, Gaston. 44 Modern Japanese Print Artists, Volume II, Kodansha International Ltd., 1973, p. 120
Statler, Oliver. Modern Japanese Prints, p. 63-64.
Fiorillo, John "The Art of Sekino Jun'ichirō: Expressive Realism and Geometric Formalism" in Andon (The Journal of the Society for Japanese Arts), Autumn 2017, No. 104, p. 77.
External links
Sekino World website
1914 births
1988 deaths
Japanese printmakers
Artists from Aomori Prefecture
People from Aomori (city)
Sosaku hanga artists
Aomori High School alumni |
6985034 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Horror%20in%20the%20Museum | The Horror in the Museum | "The Horror in the Museum" is a short story ghostwritten by H. P. Lovecraft for Somerville, MA writer Hazel Heald in October 1932, published in 1933. It is one of five stories Lovecraft revised for Heald. The story has been reprinted in several collections, such as The Horror in the Museum and Other Revisions. Heald had been introduced to Lovecraft by his Providence friend Muriel E. Eddy (see C. M. Eddy, Jr.). Starting in 1965 his letters to friends and other writers were published in which Lovecraft claimed that this story was mostly his own work. E.g. in a letter to Clark Ashton Smith he wrote on 14th of June 1933 (published in 'Dawnward Spire, Lonely Hill', page 420):
"Yes—the waxwork museum story is mostly my own; entirely so in wording, & also so far as concerns the background of Alaskan archaeology & antique horror. You will find Tsathoggua mentioned."
Plot
The tale concerns the relationship between Stephen Jones and George Rogers, the owner of a private wax museum specialising in the grotesque in London. Initially cordial, it degenerates as Jones first mocks Rogers then comes to suspect that he is demented with his "wild tales and suggestions of rites and sacrifices to nameless elder gods". Jones takes up Rogers's standing offer to spend a night in the museum and is attacked by his host, who is in turn killed by the entity Rhan-Tegoth that he has been making sacrifices to, and ends up becoming part of the displays. It is implied that his assistant shot Rhan-Tegoth to make him part of said display.
References
External links
1933 short stories
Fantasy short stories
Horror short stories
Short stories set in London
Short stories by H. P. Lovecraft |
46978091 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajredin%20%C3%87eliku | Hajredin Çeliku | Hajredin Çeliku (born May 4th 1927 - died June 2005) was a former Albanian politician of the Albanian Party of Labour. He was a member of the Albanian Parliament, Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania, and served as member of the Cabinet of Albania.
Life
Çeliku was born in Peshkopi, Diber District in the Albanian Republic on 4 May 1927. During World War II he was active in the Young Communist Movement; after the war became member of Albanian Worker Party in 1947. He completed studies in mechanical engineering at University of Tirana.
In 1966, he was Deputy Chairman of the People's Assembly (Alb: Kuvendi Popullor). He served as representative in the sixth parliamentary term until 1970. In the following years he worked as a functionary of the Party in the economic sector, and Secretary of the Party for Tirana.
At the 8th Congress of the Party in November 1981, he was elected member of the Politburo of the party without being a candidate-member first. Çeliku remained member of this supreme governing body until December 1990.
Between 1982 and 1991, he served again as representative during the tenth and eleventh legislature of the People's Assembly.
On November 23, 1982, Prime Minister Adil Çarçani appointed him the Minister of Mines and Energy in his government. After that, he was in 1989 a member of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Party. He was Minister of Transports again 1987-1989, and the next Çarçani government until 23 December 1990.
In 1993, a special court rose in Tirana against Çeliku and nine other former high-ranking officials (Besnik Bekteshi, Foto Çami, Vangjel Çërrava, Muho Asllani, Lenka Çuko, Llambi Gegprifti, Qirjako Mihali, Pali Miska, and Prokop Murra). They were accused of "abuse of public funds". The following sentences were given: Mihali and Gegprifti eight years each, Miska and Çuko seven years each, Çami, Çeliku and Bekteshi six years each, and Çërrava, Murra and Asllani five years each.
References
1927 births
2005 deaths
People from Peshkopi
Labour Party of Albania politicians
Members of the Politburo of the Labour Party of Albania
Members of the Parliament of Albania
Government ministers of Albania
Transport ministers of Albania
Communism in Albania
University of Tirana alumni
Albanian resistance members |
12585410 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploration%20of%20Neptune | Exploration of Neptune | Neptune has been directly explored by one space probe, Voyager 2, in 1989. , there are no confirmed future missions to visit the Neptunian system, although a tentative Chinese mission has been planned for launch in 2024. NASA, ESA, and independent academic groups have proposed future scientific missions to visit Neptune. Some mission plans are still active, while others have been abandoned or put on hold.
Since the mid-1990s, Neptune has been studied from afar with telescopes, including the Hubble Space Telescope and the ground-based Keck telescope using adaptive optics.
Voyager 2
After Voyager 2 visited Saturn successfully, it was decided to fund further missions to Uranus and Neptune. These missions were conducted by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and the Neptunian mission was dubbed "Voyager Neptune Interstellar Mission". Voyager 2 started taking navigation images of Neptune in May 1988. Voyager 2 observation phase proper of Neptune began 5 June 1989, the spacecraft officially reached the Neptunian system on 25 August, and data collection ceased on 2 October. Initially it was planned to use a trajectory that resulted in Voyager 2 passing around from Neptune and from Triton. The need to avoid ring material detected by stellar occultations prompted this trajectory to be abandoned, and a trajectory that largely avoided the rings but resulted in more distant flybys of both targets was plotted.
On 25 August, in Voyager 2 last planetary encounter, the spacecraft swooped only above Neptune's north pole, the closest approach it had made to any body since it left Earth in 1977. At that time, Neptune was the farthest known body in the Solar System. It would not be until 1999 that Pluto would move further from the Sun in its trajectory. Voyager 2 studied Neptune's atmosphere, Neptune's rings, its magnetosphere, and Neptune's moons. The Neptunian system had been studied scientifically for many years with telescopes and indirect methods, but the close inspection by the Voyager 2 probe settled many issues and revealed a plethora of information that could not have been obtained otherwise. The data from Voyager 2 are still the best data available on this planet in most cases.
The exploration mission revealed that Neptune's atmosphere is very dynamic, even though it receives only three percent of the sunlight that Jupiter receives. Winds on Neptune were found to be the strongest in the Solar System, up to three times stronger than Jupiter's and nine times stronger than the strongest winds on Earth. Most winds blew westward, opposite the planet's rotation. Separate cloud decks were discovered, with cloud systems emerging and dissolving within hours and giant storms circling the entire planet within sixteen to eighteen hours in the upper layers. Voyager 2 discovered an anticyclone dubbed the Great Dark Spot, similar to Jupiter's Great Red Spot. However, images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1994 revealed that the Great Dark Spot had disappeared. Also seen in Neptune's upper atmosphere was an almond-shaped spot designated D2 and a bright, quickly moving cloud high above the cloud decks dubbed "Scooter".
The fly-by of the Neptunian system provided the first accurate measurement of Neptune's mass, which was found to be 0.5 percent less than previously calculated. The new figure disproved the hypothesis that an undiscovered Planet X acted upon the orbits of Neptune and Uranus.
Neptune's magnetic field was found to be highly tilted and largely offset from the planet's centre. The probe discovered auroras much weaker than those on Earth or other planets. The radio instruments on board found that Neptune's day lasts 16 hours and 6.7 minutes. Neptune's rings had been observed from Earth many years prior to Voyager 2 visit, but the close inspection revealed that the ring systems were full circle and intact, and a total of four rings were counted.
Voyager 2 discovered six new small moons orbiting Neptune's equatorial plane, dubbed Naiad, Thalassa, Despina, Galatea, Larissa and Proteus. Three of Neptune's moons—Proteus, Nereid, and Triton—were photographed in detail, of which only the last two had been known prior to the visit. Proteus proved to be an ellipsoid, as large as gravity allows an ellipsoid body to become without rounding into a sphere, and appeared almost as dark as soot in color. Triton was revealed as having a remarkably active past, with active geysers, polar caps, and a very thin atmosphere characterized by clouds of what is thought to be nitrogen ice particles. At just , it is the coldest known planetary body in the Solar System. The closest approach to Triton, the last solid world Voyager 2 would explore close by, was about .
A list of previous and upcoming missions to the outer Solar System can be found at the List of missions to the outer planets article.
Possible future missions
, there are no approved future missions to visit the Neptunian system. NASA, ESA and independent academic groups have proposed and worked on future scientific missions to visit Neptune. Some mission plans are still active, while others have been abandoned or put on hold.
After the Voyager flyby, NASA's next step in scientific exploration of the Neptune system was considered to be a flagship orbiter mission. Such a hypothetical mission is envisioned to be possible in the late 2020s or early 2030s. Another one proposed for the 2040s is called the Neptune-Triton Explorer (NTE). NASA has researched several other project options for both flyby and orbiter missions (of similar design as the Cassini–Huygens mission to Saturn). These missions are often collectively called "RMA Neptune-Triton-KBO" missions, which also includes orbital missions that would not visit Kuiper belt objects (KBOs). Because of budgetary constraints, technological considerations, scientific priorities and other factors, none of these have been approved.
Specific exploration mission proposals to Neptune under development include:
Interstellar Express — A pair of probes by CNSA designed to explore the heliosphere. The second would fly by Neptune in 2038 at a distance of 1,000 km and drop an atmospheric probe en route to the tail of the heliosphere.
ODINUS — A mission concept based on a twin spacecraft mission to investigate the Neptunian and Uranian systems. Launch date would be 2034.
OSS mission — A proposed collaborative flyby mission by ESA and NASA. Its main focus would be to map the gravitational fields in deep space, including the Outer Solar System (up to 50 AU).
Triton Hopper — A NIAC study of a mission to Neptune with the goal of landing, and flying from site to site, on Neptune's moon Triton.
Trident — A finalist in the Discovery program, would perform a single flyby of Neptune in 2038 and closely study its largest moon Triton.
Neptune Odyssey — the current mission concept for a Neptune orbiter and atmospheric probe being studied as a possible large strategic science mission by NASA that would launch in 2033 and arrive at Neptune in 2049.
Cancelled or unselected mission concepts include:
Argo — A cancelled mission concept in the New Frontiers program, a flyby mission to visit Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune (with Triton) and the Kuiper belt with launch in 2019.
New Horizons 2 — A cancelled mission concept for a flyby mission to the Neptune system and Kuiper belt based on the New Horizons space probe.
The lowest-energy trajectory for a launch from Earth to Neptune uses a Jupiter gravity assist, opening an optimal launch window with a 12-year interval, when Jupiter is in a favourable position relative to the Earth and Neptune. An optimal launch window was open for such a Neptune mission from 2014 to 2019, with the next opportunity occurring from 2031. These constraints are based on the requirement of a gravity assist from Jupiter. With the new Space Launch System (SLS) technology in development at Boeing, deep space missions with heavier payloads could potentially be propelled at much greater speeds (200 AU in 15 years) and missions to the outer planets could be launched independently of gravity assistance.
Scientific studies from afar
Space telescopes such as the Hubble Space Telescope have signified a new era of detailed observations of faint objects from afar, across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. This includes faint objects in the Solar system, such as Neptune. Since 1997, adaptive optics technology has also allowed for detailed scientific observations of Neptune and its atmosphere from ground-based telescopes. These image recordings now exceed the capability of HST by far and in some instances even the Voyager images, such as those of Uranus. Ground-based observations are however always limited in their registration of electromagnetic waves of certain wavelengths, due to the inevitable atmospheric absorption, in particular of high energy waves.
See also
Exploration of Mercury
Exploration of Venus
Exploration of Mars
Exploration of Jupiter
Exploration of Saturn
Exploration of Uranus
References
Sources
Neptune Voyager 2 – The Interstellar Mission, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
Neptune: In Depth Planets, NASA
External links
25 Years After Neptune: Reflections on Voyager NASA Voyager website
Images of Neptune and All Available Satellites Photojournal, JPL
Neptune
Spaceflight
Discovery and exploration of the Solar System |
24255440 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euxoa%20siccata | Euxoa siccata | Euxoa siccata is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae first described by Smith in 1893. It is found in North America, including Alberta and Colorado.
The wingspan is about 30 mm.
References
Euxoa
Moths of North America
Moths described in 1893 |
23169749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Roat%C3%A1n | Battle of Roatán | The Battle of Roatán (sometimes spelled "Rattan") was an American War of Independence battle fought on March 16, 1782, between British and Spanish forces for control of Roatán, an island off the Caribbean coast of present-day Honduras.
A Spanish expeditionary force under Matías de Gálvez, the Captain General of Spanish Guatemala, gained control of the British-held island after bombarding its main defences. The British garrison surrendered the next day. The Spanish evacuated the captured soldiers, 135 civilians and 300 slaves, and destroyed their settlement, which they claimed had been used as a base for piracy and privateering.
The assault was part of a larger plan by Gálvez to eliminate British influence in Central America. Although he met with temporary successes, the British were able to maintain a colonial presence in the area.
Background
Following the entry of Spain into the American War of Independence in 1779, both Spain and Great Britain contested territories in Central America. Although most of the territory was claimed to be part of the Spanish Captaincy General of Guatemala, the British had established logging rights on the southern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula (present-day Belize), and had established settlements on the Mosquito Coast. Guatemalan Governor Matías de Gálvez had moved quickly when the declaration of war arrived, seizing St. George's Caye, one of the principal British island settlements off the Yucatan coast.
Many of the British fled that occupation to the island of Roatán, another British-controlled island about off the Honduran coast. British commander Edward Marcus Despard used Roatán as a base for guerilla-style operations to extend and maintain British influence on the Mosquito Coast, and for privateering operations against Spanish shipping. (Sources do not indicate whether Despard was present on Roatán at the time of the Spanish attack; if he was, he was probably not captured, since he continued to be active in the area. Stephens suggests that he was on Jamaica at the time.)
Gálvez, who had been ordered by King Charles to "dislocate the English from their hidden settlements on the Gulf of Honduras," began planning offensive operations against the British mainland settlements as early as 1780, after the British abandoned their failed expedition into Nicaragua. He raised as many as 15,000 militia, and received financial and logistical support from many parts of the Spanish colonial empire in the Americas. For logistical and diplomatic reasons, no operations were launched until after the American victory at Yorktown in October 1781.
The British loss opened the possibility that the British would be able to deploy troops to Central America to better defend the area. Gálvez's plans called for assaults on the British presence in the Bay Islands (principally Roatán), followed by a sweep along the coast to eliminate the British from the mainland. Troops from central Guatemala were staged in early 1782 at Trujillo for the assault on Roatán, while additional forces moved overland from Nicaragua, Honduras, and Salvador toward the principal British settlement of Black River.
Gálvez arrived at Trujillo on March 8 to organise the assault on Roatán. Leaving a force of 600 at Trujillo to further harass the British and their partisan allies, he embarked another 600 troops onto transports, and sailed for Roatán on March 12, escorted by three frigates (the Santa Matilde, Santa Cecilia, and Antiope) and a number of smaller armed naval vessels, under the command of Commodore Enrique MacDonell.
The British residents of Roatán were aware of the ongoing Spanish military activities. The main settlement, New Port Royal, was defended by Forts Dalling and Despard, which mounted 20 guns. The island's white non-slave population was, however, quite small. In 1781 they appealed to the British commander at Bluefields for support, but he was only able to send additional weapons, which did not add significantly to the island's defenses.
Battle
The Spanish fleet arrived off Roatán at 6:00 am on March 13, and after its defenders fired several ineffectual cannon shots, the Santa Matilde and the other ships anchored out of range. At 8 am Gálvez sent in his English-speaking second-in-command on the Santa Matilde, Enrique MacDonell, to request the surrender of the island's defenders. The defenders asked for six hours to consider their options, which Gálvez granted. After that time had elapsed, MacDonell came back with word that the defenders refused to surrender and were prepared to stand their ground "to the death." The Spanish were not surprised, as their sailors had noticed the English appeared to be preparing defenses during grace period. An immediate attack was not possible due to high winds and rough seas, so Gálvez then held council of his 11 officers, and a plan of attack was formulated.
At about 10:15 am on March 16, Spanish guns opened up against Forts Dalling and Despard, which guarded the mouth of New Port Royal's harbour. By 1:00 pm the British guns there had been silenced, and Major General Gabriel Herbias began landing troops. After the two forts were secured, the Spanish warships entered the harbour and began raking the town with cannon fire, while British artillery fired back from positions in the hills above the town. This exchange continued until sunset, at which time the British defenders capitulated. The Spanish had two killed and four wounded in the battle, while only two slaves were wounded on the other side.
Aftermath
Terms of surrender were agreed the next day. Gálvez and his men remained on the island for several days collecting weapons, rounding up slaves that had run away, destroying all the buildings and agriculture on the island, and burning many of the ships in the harbour, which they assumed to be used in smuggling and other illicit trade. The Spanish left the island on March 23, carrying as prisoners of war 81 British soldiers, 300 slaves, and 135 British civilians. The prisoners were sent to Havana, where the slaves were auctioned off and the others held until they could be exchanged.
Gálvez was able to only temporarily partially eliminate British influences in the area. He followed up his success at Roatán with the capture of Black River in early April, but any attempt to advance further lost momentum. James Lawrie, the commander at Black River, and Edward Marcus Despard successfully recaptured Black River, and were able to hold it until the end of the war.
See also
References
Further reading
A Spanish account of the battle
Conflicts in 1782
Roatan
Roatan
Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War
Roatan
History of Honduras
Battle
Roatan |
40947663 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uruguayan%20Chileans | Uruguayan Chileans | Uruguayan Chileans (Spanish: Uruguayos Chilenos) are people born in Uruguay who live in Chile, or Chilean-born people of Uruguayan descent.
Overview
Many Uruguayan-born people live in Chile, for a number of reasons. Both countries share the Spanish language; the historical origins of both nations is common (part of the Spanish Empire until the early 19th century); Chile has a bigger, more diverse economy, which attracted Uruguayans in search of opportunities; the relative geographical vicinity (Southern Cone) also helps.
Modern estimates put the figure of Uruguayans in Chile at over 9,000.
Uruguayan residents in Chile have their own institutions, for instance, the Consultative Council in Santiago.
Notable people
Past
Elio García-Austt (1919-2005), neuroscientist
José Gervasio Viera Rodríguez (1948–1990), singer
Present
Carlos Aguiar, footballer
Guillermo Amoedo, film director
Carlos Canzani, musician
Diego Guastavino, footballer
Irina Karamanos, anthropologist, partner of President Gabriel Boric
Fernando Kliche, actor
Walter Kliche, actor
Laura Prieto, model and actress
Jael Ünger, actress
See also
Chile–Uruguay relations
Chileans in Uruguay
Emigration from Uruguay
References
External links
Blog of Uruguayans in Chile
Ethnic groups in Chile
Chile
Immigration to Chile |
12238007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henniker-Heaton%20baronets | Henniker-Heaton baronets | The Heaton, later Henniker-Heaton Baronetcy, of Mundarrah Towers in Sydney in Australia, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 31 January 1912 for the Conservative politician and postal reformer John Henniker Heaton. The second Baronet assumed the additional surname of Henniker.
Heaton, later Henniker-Heaton baronets, of Mundarrah Towers (1912)
Sir John Henniker Heaton, 1st Baronet (1848–1914)
Sir John Henniker-Heaton, 2nd Baronet (1877–1963)
Sir (John Victor) Peregrine Henniker-Heaton, 3rd Baronet (1903–1971)
Sir Yvo Robert Henniker-Heaton, 4th Baronet (born 1954)
The heir apparent is the present holder's son Alastair John Henniker-Heaton (born 1990).
References
Henniker-Heaton |
72316908 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323%20Denver%20Pioneers%20men%27s%20basketball%20team | 2022–23 Denver Pioneers men's basketball team | The 2022–23 Denver Pioneers men's basketball team represented the University of Denver in the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Pioneers, led by second-year head coach Jeff Wulbrun, played their home games at Hamilton Gymnasium in Denver, Colorado, as members of the Summit League.
Previous season
The Pioneers finished the 2021–22 season 11–21, 7–11 in Summit League play to finish in a tie for sixth place. They were defeated by North Dakota State in the quarterfinals of the Summit League tournament.
Roster
Schedule and results
|-
!colspan=12 style=""| Regular season
|-
!colspan=9 style=|Summit League tournament
Sources
References
Denver Pioneers men's basketball seasons
Denver Pioneers
Denver Pioneers men's basketball
Denver Pioneers men's basketball |
46563272 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jericho%2C%20Bury | Jericho, Bury | Jericho is a district of Bury, Greater Manchester, England. It is thought that the area of Jericho was so named when the reverend John Wesley preached there in 1778 along with his pilgrimage through Bircle.
Methodist Church
The current Jericho Methodist church used to be called Moulding Methodist church. The original Moulding Methodist Church was founded in 1824, built at Higher Moulding, Bircle on a gift of land by Thomas Royds who farmed at Higher Moulding Farm. He was a Methodist Class Leader. The old church was made redundant in 1910 and relocated to the Elbut Lane site.
In 2003 the old Moulding Methodist church on the Elbut Lane site was demolished and a chapel put there in its place and renamed Jericho Methodist church. During the rebuilding of the church the services were held at a pub called The Pack Horse Inn.
The workhouse
Long since gone is the old Jericho Workhouse, also known as Bury Union Workhouse. Nowadays a lot of the buildings are being used to form Fairfield General Hospital.
Initially, the Bury Union continued to use the old township workhouses at Bury, Radcliffe, Heywood, Heap, Tottington Lower End, and Pilkington. Until 1852, children were accommodated at the Pilkington workhouse but from that date most were sent to the Manchester Union's industrial Schools at Swinton. The Radcliffe workhouse appears to have housed only male paupers, with Heap used for females.
In 1850, Lord Derby refused to renew leases for the Bury, Heap and Pilkington workhouses which stood on his land, saying that the Guardians had "already spent as much money as would have built a union workhouse by paying extra salaries and not having a labour test." The following year, the Poor Law Board proposed the building of a joint workhouse for Bury and the adjacent Union of Rochdale which was in a similar position.
In 1852, the Bury Guardians borrowed £6,000 and submitted plans for a workhouse to accommodate 400 inmates. It was also built with a separate Infirmary to hold up to 60 people. Work on the new buildings finally commenced in 1855 when a further £8,000 was borrowed. The workhouse opened on January 21, 1857, and a year later the total cost for the scheme had grown to £20,481.
References
External links
District of Jericho, Bury. The Township of Lancashire
Bibliography
Populated places in Greater Manchester
Bury, Greater Manchester
Poor law infirmaries |
71062607 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominick%20Barlow | Dominick Barlow | Dominick Barlow (born May 26, 2003) is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA), on a two-way contract with the Austin Spurs of the NBA G League.
High school career
Barlow played basketball for St. Joseph's Preparatory School in Philadelphia as a freshman, receiving limited playing time. After one year, he transferred to Dumont High School in his hometown of Dumont, New Jersey. Barlow assumed a leading role in his junior season and averaged 23.3 points and 12.6 rebounds per game. During his senior season, which was limited to eight games by the COVID-19 pandemic, he averaged 27.6 points, 17 rebounds, 3.1 assists and 2.6 blocks per game. Barlow was named North Jersey Player of the Year.
He played for the New York Rens at the Nike Elite Youth Basketball League, helping the team reach the Peach Jam semifinals. Barlow was a four-star recruit and intended to play a postgraduate season at Bridgton Academy in Bridgton, Maine before pursuing professional options.
Professional career
Overtime Elite (2021–2022)
On September 2, 2021, Barlow signed with Team Overtime for the Overtime Elite's inaugural season. He played for Team Overtime in OTE, averaging 14.8 points and 5.9 rebounds per game.
San Antonio Spurs (2022–present)
After going undrafted in the 2022 NBA draft, Barlow signed a two-way contract with the San Antonio Spurs, becoming the first Overtime Elite player to make an NBA roster. Barlow joined the Spurs' 2022 NBA Summer League roster and made his Summer League debut on July 8, 2022, scoring nine points and seven rebounds in a 90–99 loss to the Cleveland Cavaliers. Barlow made his proper NBA debut with the Spurs on November 2, 2022 by getting two points and three assists in a 143-100 blowout loss against the Toronto Raptors.
On January 28, 2023, in 126-110 loss to the Rio Grande Valley Vipers in the NBA G League, Barlow finished with a double-double career-high game of 32 points, 10 rebounds, and 3 blocks for Austin. On April 2, 2023, Barlow recorded his first double-double in the NBA with 12 points and 10 rebounds alongside a season-high 5 assists in a 142-134 overtime win over the Sacramento Kings. In the final game of Barlow's rookie season just a week later, he recorded career-highs of 21 points and 19 rebounds in a 138-117 win over the Dallas Mavericks.
On July 27, 2023, Barlow signed a two-way contract for the 2023–24 NBA season.
Career statistics
NBA
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| San Antonio
| 28 || 0 || 14.6 || .535 || .000 || .720 || 3.6 || .9 || .4 || .7 || 3.9
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 28 || 0 || 14.6 || .535 || .000 || .720 || 3.6 || .9 || .4 || .7 || 3.9
References
2003 births
Living people
American men's basketball players
Austin Spurs players
Basketball players from Bergen County, New Jersey
Dumont High School alumni
Overtime Elite players
People from Dumont, New Jersey
Power forwards (basketball)
San Antonio Spurs players
Small forwards
St. Joseph's Preparatory School alumni
Undrafted National Basketball Association players |
453651 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East%20Kalimantan | East Kalimantan | East Kalimantan (Indonesian: ) is a province of Indonesia. Its territory comprises the eastern portion of Borneo. It had a population of about 3.03 million at the 2010 census (within the current boundary), 3.42 million at the 2015 census, and 3.766 million at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 3,859,783. (but see Note (b) below table under "Administrative divisions") Its capital is the city of Samarinda.
East Kalimantan has a total area of and is the second least densely populated province in Kalimantan. The majority of the region shares a maritime border to the east with West Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi; its Cape Mangkalihat separates the Makassar Strait from the Celebes Sea. Its former northernmost region was split off in October 2012 and is now North Kalimantan; meanwhile it still shares land border to the west with West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan; to its south, East Kalimantan borders South Kalimantan. The province bordered Sabah before the split, but still borders Sarawak.
In December 2012, the existing West Kutai Regency was split in two, with the northwesternmost five districts forming a new Mahakam Ulu Regency. East Kalimantan is now divided into seven regencies and three cities. Isran Noor is the current governor of East Kalimantan and Hadi Mulyadi is its vice governor.
New national capital
The province will host the future capital city of Indonesia that will be built on the border of Kutai Kartanegara and Penajam North Paser regencies. The future capital is due to be named Nusantara, with construction originally projected to start in 2020, and intended to conclude in 2024. However, at a hearing before Committee V of Indonesia's House of Representatives on 9 June 2020, a government representative asserted that the government had not allocated the 2022 budget for the project (for 2022, the ministry proposed a budget worth over 100.46 trillion rupiah - over 7 billion US$ - a steep reduction from the figure of 149.81 trillion rupiah in 2021). Earlier, the National Planning Development Authority had said that the total sum needed to move the capital from its current location in Jakarta to East Kalimantan province amounted to 486 trillion rupiah, of which 265.2 trillion will be mobilised through the public-private partnership (PPP), 127.3 trillion from private special funds, and 93.5 trillion from the state budget. But the Ministry of Finance said that the government switched its priorities to mitigating the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. The ministry announced that it had not allocated budget for the new capital project.
History
East Kalimantan was once mostly covered by tropical rainforest. In prehistoric times, there was limestone cave called Lubang Jeriji Saléh located in the Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Karst in the district of Bengalon, East Kutai, believed to contain one of the oldest figurative art in the world. The cave paintings were first spotted in 1994 by the French explorer Luc-Henri Fage and the French archaeologist Jean-Michel Chazine, from Kalimanthrope. In 2018, a team of scientists investigating the cave, led by Maxime Aubert from Griffith University and Pindi Setiawan from the Bandung Institute of Technology, published a report in the journal Nature identifying the paintings as the world's oldest known figurative art. The team had previously investigated cave paintings in the neighbouring island of Sulawesi. In order to date the paintings, the team used dating techniques on the calcium carbonate (limestone) deposits close to them.
East Kalimantan is home to several kingdoms, such as the first and oldest Hindu kingdom of Indonesia, the Kingdom of Kutai Martadipura founded in the 4th century CE, it was then succeeded by the Sultanate of Kutai ing Martadipura in the 14th century CE. Other kingdoms are also located in East Kalimantan such as the Sultanate of Pasir. East Kalimantan region include Pasir, Kutai, Berau and also Karasikan (Buranun / pre-Sultanate of Sulu) claimed as conquered territory Suryanata Maharaja, the governor of Majapahit in the State Dipa (which is located in the Great Temple in Amuntai) until 1620 in the Sultanate of Banjar. However, in the Chinese History Annals, Ming shi 明史, at 1417, Kalimantan was recorded as a kingdom under the rule of the Philippine kingdom of then Hindu Sulu as Kalimantan was ruled by a Sulu monarch named Mahalatu Gelamading (Maharaja Klainbantangan) where his title, Klainbantangan, in Chinese rendering, was named after his territory Kalimantan. At this point in time, Sulu had rebelled against Majapahit rule and had invaded Northeast and East Borneo until the very territory of Kalimantan. Between the years 1620–1624, kingdoms in East Kalimantan turned into an area influence of the Sultanate of Sultan Alauddin Makassar, before the Bungaya agreement. According to the Hikayat Banjar, the Sultan of Makassar never borrowed land for trade covers an area east and southeast of Borneo to the Sultan Mustain Billah of Banjar when Kiai Martasura sent to Makassar and entered into an agreement with the Sultan Tallo I Mangngadaccinna Daeng I Ba'le 'Sultan Mahmud Karaeng Pattingalloang, which became Mangkubumi and principal advisor to the Sultan Muhammad Said, king of Gowa in 1638–1654 and also in-law of Sultan Hasanuddin, which will make the East Kalimantan region as a place to trade for the Sultanate of Makassar (Gowa-Tallo), since that began to arrive people from South Sulawesi. However, based on the agreement between the Sultanate of Banjar and the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in 1635, VOC help Banjar restore lands in East Kalimantan into spheres of influence of the Sultanate of Banjar. It is embodied in the Bungaya agreement, that the Sultanate of Makassar are not allowed to trade up to the east and the north Borneo
In accordance with treaties, on January 1, 1817, Sultan Sulaiman of Banjar handed East Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, part of West and South Kalimantan (including Banjarmasin) over to the Dutch East Indies. On May 4, 1826, Sultan Adam al-wathiq Billah of Banjar reaffirmed the handover of these territories to the Dutch East Indies colonial administration. In 1846, the Dutch began to put a Resident Assistant in East Borneo at Samarinda (now the province of East Kalimantan and the eastern part of South Kalimantan) named H. Von Dewall. East Kalimantan was then part of the Dutch East Indies. East Kalimantan with its then administrative area was established based on the Law No. 25 of 1956 with the first governor being APT Pranoto.
Geography
East Kalimantan Province comprises a land area of 125,336.81 square kilometers and a comprehensive ocean management area of 25,656 km2, located between 113°44'E and 119°00'E, and between 2°33'N and 2°25'S. The province is divided into seven regencies (kabupaten) and three cities (kota), together subdivided into 103 districts (kecamatan) and then into 1,026 villages (rural desa and urban kelurahan). The regencies (with their administrative capitals) and cities are enumerated below. East Kalimantan is one of the main gates to the eastern part of Indonesia. The area is also known as a storehouse of timber and mining, has hundreds of rivers (scattered across almost all regencies and cities) which area the main means of transportation in addition to land transport, with the longest river being the Mahakam.
East Kalimantan borders North Kalimantan in the north, South Kalimantan in the south, Central Kalimantan in the southwest, and West Kalimantan and Sarawak in the east. It touches the Celebes Sea and the Makassar Strait in the east, with its large Mangkalihat Peninsula separating the two. There are hills in almost all districts, and there are numerous lakes. Most lakes are located in the Kutai Regency, with the most extensive lakes, Semayang and Melintang, having an area of 13,000 ha and 11,000 ha respectively.
Climate
Such as the climate of Indonesia in general, East Kalimantan tropical climate and has two seasons, dry and rainy seasons. The dry season usually occurs in May to October, while the rainy season in November to April. This situation continued every year interspersed with transitional season in certain months. Moreover, because of its location on the equator, the climate in East Kalimantan are also affected by wind monsoon, monsoon wind is November–April west and east monsoon winds from May to October. In recent years, the situation in East Kalimantan season is sometimes erratic. In the months that it is supposed to rain, there is no rain at all, or vice versa in the months that should be dry it rains for a much longer time.
Temperature and humidity
Temperatures somewhere high and low are determined by the area of the ocean surface and the distance from the beach. In general, East Kalimantan hot climates with temperatures in 2013 ranged from 21.6 °C in Berau October to 35.6 °C in Berau in September. Aside from being a tropical area with extensive forests, in 2013 the average humidity between 83 and 87 percent of East Kalimantan. The lowest air humidity observed by the meteorological station Samarinda happens in a few months with 82 percent humidity. While the highest occurred in Berau in February with 91 percent humidity.
Rainfall and wind conditions
Rainfall in East Kalimantan region varies by month and location of monitoring stations. Average highest rainfall recorded at the Meteorological Station Berau amounted to 245.1 mm and the lowest for the year 2013 was recorded at the Meteorological Station Samarinda is 237.8 mm. At some monitoring stations monitor wind conditions in East Kalimantan in 2013. Observations show that wind speeds between 3 and 4 knots. The highest wind speed was 4 knots in Balikpapan and Berau, while the lowest was 3 knots in Samarinda.
Administrative divisions
When it was first created, East Kalimantan province was composed of four regencies (kabupaten) - Paser (spelt Pasir until 2007), Kutai (renamed as Kutai Kartanegara in 2002), Berau and Bulungan - and two cities (kota) - Balikpapan and Samarinda. On 8 October 1997, a third city - Tarakan - was created from part of Bulungan Regency. On 4 October 1999 a fourth city - Bontang - was created from part of Kutai Regency, while four new regencies were created - Malinau and Nunukan from parts of Bulungan Regency, and East Kutai and West Kutai from the remaining parts of Kutai Regency (which ceased to exist). Two further regencies were set up - Penajam North Paser from part of Pasir Regency on 10 April 2002, and Tana Tidung from part of Bulungan Regency on 17 July 2007. By early 2012 therefore, East Kalimantan was divided into ten regencies and four cities.
On 22 October 2012, the Indonesian House of Representatives agreed to the creation of a new province out of the four most northerly of the Regencies in East Kalimantan, namely Bulungan, Malinau, Nunukan and Tana Tidung, together with one city, Tarakan. Accordingly, these were split off to form the new province of North Kalimantan on 25 October 2012, while the existing West Kutai Regency was split into two on 14 December 2012, with the northern districts split off to form the new Mahakam Ulu Regency, leaving the following seven regencies and three cities to comprise the reduced East Kalimantan. These are listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census and 2020 Census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2022.
Note (a) Totals adjusted to take account of the removal of Tarakan City and four regencies, as confirmed by Biro Pusat Statistik. (b) since this provincial estimate for mid-2022 was published, two regencies have had their mid-2022 estimates reduced - East Kutai from 468,820 to 425,613, and West Kutai from 176,000 to 172,288. The effect of this would be to reduce the provincial total for mid 2022 from 3,859,783 to 3,812,866. (c) As of July 2023, new capital Nusantara tentatively IKN Nusantara has not officially gazetted separate as a jurisdiction per Interior Ministry in practice, but reported to cover 2561 sq km. including 682 sq km of ocean, a central likely government heavy area named KIPP with IKN, would occupy 66.7 sq km and 200 thousand strong staffers and families from Jakarta. liputan reports.
Education
Schools
SMPN 3 Balikpapan
Ecology
Illegal logging has removed much of the original forests of the province. Less than half the original forest remains in places such as the Kayan Mentarang and the Kutai national parks.
The projects that supports tropical rainforest conservation includes a WWF project and Samboja Lestari lodge, one of Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation's reforestation and orangutan rehabilitation projects.
Economy
East Kalimantan's economy heavily depends on earth resources such as oilfield exploration, natural gas, coal and gold. Balikpapan has an oil refinery plant that was built by Dutch governance before World War II, destroyed during World War II, and rebuilt after Indonesian independence.
Other developing economic sectors include agriculture and tourism.
Obstacles to economic development include a lack of transportation infrastructure. Transportation depends on traditional boats connecting coastal cities and areas along main river, Mahakam River.
In 2012, Russia's state railway firm Joint Stock Company (JSC) signed a memorandum of understanding with the East Kalimantan governor over railway lines to transport coal and other freight. The first stage will connect an area near Balikpapan port to West Kutai Regency in a 183-kilometer line and is estimated to cost about $1.8 billion. It will commence in 2013 and by 2017 it is hoped that it carry 20 million tons of coal annually. The second phase will connect a line to Murung Raya in Central Kalimantan with a 60 kilometer line, which will cost an estimated $600 million.
Several oil fields have been discovered in the Mahakam River Delta including Attaka, Badak (1971), Semberah, Nilam, Sanga Sanga, Bekapai (1972), Handil (1974), Samboja, Jakin and Sepinggan. The Handil, Badak and Bekapai fields are anticline structural traps with oil reservoir sandstones between 450 and 2900 m. The delta is in the Kutai basin, bounded by the Mankalihat and Paternoster carbonate arch, containing Eocene shales overlain by Oligocene fluvial deposits during marine regression, culminating in the formation of the delta in the late Miocene.
North Kalimantan Province
North Kalimantan was formally inaugurated as the 34th province of Indonesia on April 15, 2013. The new province was previously part of East Kalimantan Province.
Demographics
Ethnicity
The most populous ethnic group in East Kalimantan is the Javanese (29.55%) who are spread in almost all regions, especially the transmigration areas to urban areas. The second largest ethnic group is Bugis (18.26%), which occupy many coastal areas and urban areas. The third largest ethnicity is Banjar (13.94%) who are quite dominant in the city of Samarinda and Balikpapan. East Kalimantan is a major destination of migrants from Jawa, Sulawesi and South Kalimantan.
The fourth largest group is the Dayak (9.91%), which occupies the interior part of the province. Kutai (9.21%) which inhabit Kutai Kartanegara, East Kutai and West Kutai, was fifth. In the sixth to ten consecutively are Toraja (1.16%), Paser (1.89%), Sunda (1.59%), Madura (1.24%) and Auto Buton (1.25%), and the rest are other groups from various regions in Indonesia.
Language
People in East Kalimantan generally use Indonesian in official purposes and Banjarese for inter-ethnic communication. Due to the large number of Banjarese people in the province, their language became the main lingua franca especially in cities like Samarinda and Balikpapan. Besides Banjarese, there is a significant presence of Javanese and Buginese speakers as well, due to the large migration of Javanese and Buginese people into the region.
Other languages spoken in East Kalimantan is Kutai Malay (a distinct Malay variety closely related but distinct from Banjarese), Paser (related to Lawangan), Tidung, Berau Malay, Tunjung, Bahau, Modang Lundayeh and more others. However, Kutai, Paser, and Kenyah languages are considered under the threat of extinction.
Religion
According to the 2021 estimates, 3,320,000 people are Muslim, 286,150 are Protestant, 168,140 are Roman Catholic, 15,630 are Buddhist, 8,500 are Hindu and 308 are Confucian or folk religion.
References
.
Provinces of Indonesia
Mahakam basin
Berau basin |
5796862 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaveripattinam%2C%20Krishnagiri | Kaveripattinam, Krishnagiri | Kaveripattinam is a town in Krishnagiri district in the northern part of Tamil Nadu.It is a revenue block in the Krishnagiri district of Tamil Nadu, India. It has a total of 36 panchayat villages.
Geography
Kaveripattinam is located at on the NH 44, a major north–south National Highway, one of the longest and busiest road in the country. It has an average elevation of . This town has a cool climate. It lies on the bank of the river Then Pennai and it has a green and cool climate. It is located on NH-7. It is from Bangalore, from Dharmapuri, and from Krishnagiri. The town is very green because of the KRP Dam nearby and rich in water resources.
The nearest Railway station is at Palakkodu while the Airport is at Bangalore. NH-44 provides better road connectivity.
Demographics
As of 2011 India census, Kaveripattinam had a population of 25000. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Kaveripattanam has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 81%, and female literacy is 67%. In Kaveripattanam, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Kaveripattinam comes under Krishnagiri District.
Economy
Kaveripattanam is famous for its cultivation of mangoes. There are a lot of mango pulp industries, milk processing units, and small-scale industries. This town is also known for a milk sweet called Palkova apart from Srivilliputhur and Gudiyatham. The journal and book publisher REST Publisher is also registered in Kaveripattanam. Kaveripattinam is a special place for Nippet industries and Match industries.
Farming is primary occupation in Kaveripattinam. These industries provide considerable size of employment to the citizens of the town.
All major nationalized banks such as State Bank of India, Canara bank, Indian Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, private banks and Cooperative Banks have their branches in Kaveripattinam.
Politics
Kaveripattanam assembly constituency is part of Krishnagiri (Lok Sabha constituency).
References
Cities and towns in Krishnagiri district |
21557208 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverina%20Water%20County%20Council | Riverina Water County Council | Riverina Water County Council is a body that provides drinking water to the City of Wagga Wagga, Greater Hume Shire, Lockhart Shire and part of Federation Council which operates under the provisions of the Local Government Act, 1993.
History
Southern Riverina County Council was formed in 1938 to supply reticulated water to towns in the Shires of Lockhart, Kyeamba, Mitchell and Culcairn with the Shires of Urana and Holbrook and the Municipality of Wagga Wagga became part of Southern Riverina County Council in 1945.
1942 to 1995 Southern Riverina County Council was responsible for electricity distribution in the Southern Riverina Area until Great Southern Energy was formed in 1995.
References
Wagga Wagga
Water companies of New South Wales
Lockhart Shire |
43304408 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make%20wall | Make wall | Make wall (also known as Möldre wall) is a sandstone outcrop on the bank of the Piusa River in Estonia, up to 12 metres high, the height of the bank stretches up to 17 metres.
Make wall is one of the protected natural features of the Piusa River ancient valley landscape protection area. The outcrop is situated in Vastseliina rural municipality, about 300 metres downstream from Make mill in Möldri village. Make mill was named for Hendrik Make, who established the watermill and a sawframe in 1883. Since 1900, the mill had an operating wool industry on the second floor. Make wall is one of the highest and most beautiful outcrops in the southern part of the protected area.
Make wall is an Upper Devonian sandstone outcrop of the Gauja Formation. The Gauja Formation is up to 183 metres thick and consists of quartz sand, multicolour clay, and fine-grained mellow clastic rocks, that has yielded remnants of fish and flora. The Gauja Formation sands settled in the retreating sea during the 50-70 million years of the Devonian period (began 410 million years ago). As Devonian sandstone has relatively crumbly structure, the sandstone outcrops surrender to erosion fairly easily.
References
Setomaa Parish
Geologic formations of Europe |
18986066 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oswald%20Trellis | Oswald Trellis | Oswald Fitz Burnell Trellis was the Dean of St George's Cathedral, Georgetown, Guyana from 1994. until 2002.
Born January 1, 1935 he was ordained in 1975. After studying at Chichester Theological College, he began his ecclesiastical career with Chelmsford curacies before being appointed Vicar of Heybridge in 1985. In 1994 he was elected to the Deanery of the Anglican Diocese of Guyana. He resigned in 2002 and returned to Essex as Priest in charge of the Church of All Saints, Doddinghurst, a post he resigned in April 2005.
Notes
1935 births
Living people
Alumni of Chichester Theological College
Deans of St George's Cathedral, Georgetown |
63052474 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All%20Out%20for%20Kangaroo%20Valley | All Out for Kangaroo Valley | "All Out for Kangaroo Valley" is a British TV movie about Australians living in London, shown on BBC1 (as part of The Wednesday Play anthology series) on 5 November 1969.
The play was reportedly controversial.
Plot
Robbo arrives from Australia with his fiancée Jan. They meet his cousin Col, who introduces them to Liz.
Cast
Sandra Gleeson as Jan
Mark Edwards as Robert
Kerry Francis as Nev
Vivienne Lincoln as Carol
David Gilchrist as Jim
Warwick Sims as Colin
Betty McDowall as Liz
Peter Arne as Peter Steiner
Joanne Dainton as Emma Steiner
Brian Harrison as Joe
Cassandra Harris
References
External links
"All Out for Kangaroo Valley" at BFI
British drama films
1969 television films
1969 films
1960s English-language films
1960s British films
The Wednesday Play |
13443681 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenyan%20literature | Kenyan literature | Kenyan literature describes literature which comes from Kenya. Kenya has a long oral and written literary tradition, primarily in English and Swahili, the two official languages of the country.
History
Kenya has a strong tradition of oral literature, which continues today in several languages. As a result of Kenya's history, including a period where it was a former British colony, Kenyan literature concurrently belongs to several bodies of writing, including that of the Commonwealth of Nations and of Africa as a whole. Most written literature is in English; some scholars consider Swahili to be marginalized in Kenyan literature.
Notable writers
Important Kenyan writers include Grace Ogot, Meja Mwangi, Paul Kipchumba, Kinyanjui Kombani, Yvonne Adhiambo Owuor, and Binyavanga Wainaina.
Notable works
One of the best known pieces of Kenyan literature is Utendi wa Tambuka, which translates to The Story of Tambuka. Written by a man named Mwengo at the court of the Sultan of Pate, the epic poem is one of the earliest known documents in Swahili, being written in the year 1141 of the Islamic calendar, or 1728 AD.
Thiong'o's first novel, Weep Not, Child, was the first novel in English to be published by an East African. His The River Between is currently on Kenya's national secondary school syllabus. His novel A Grain of Wheat was said to "...[mark] the coming of age of Anglophone literature in East Africa".
Works set in Kenya
Numerous authors of European background also wrote or based their books in Kenya. The best-known of these include Isak Dinesen (the pen name of Karen Blixen), whose Out of Africa was the basis for the popular film starring Meryl Streep; Elspeth Huxley, author of The Flame Trees of Thika; Marjorie Oludhe Macgoye, whose Coming to Birth won the Sinclair Prize; and Beryl Markham, author of West with the Night.
See also
Swahili literature
Culture of Kenya
Music of Kenya
References
External links
Literature of Kenya
Kenyan Catholics strike against African literature
Kenyan folklore |
73184928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20O.%20Greenwood | Charles O. Greenwood | Charles O. Greenwood was an American farmer and a member of the Idaho House of Representatives from 1919 to 1920 and of the Idaho Senate from 1927 to 1928.
The community of Greenwood, Idaho was named in honor of Greenwood and his wife Annie Pike Greenwood.
References
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Idaho state senators
Members of the Idaho House of Representatives |
36674247 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucky%20Devils%20%281941%20film%29 | Lucky Devils (1941 film) | Lucky Devils is a 1941 American mystery film directed by Lew Landers and starring Andy Devine, Richard Arlen and Janet Shaw. It was produced and released by Hollywood studio Universal Pictures. Maria Montez has a small role.
Plot
A sly pair of newsreel reporters, Dick McManus and Andy Tompkins, who work for the Mercury News Reel Company, has made a profession of photographing stories featuring daredevil acts by ordinary people. One of the exciting places for doing these acts is the Phillips Dam and it's often visible in the two reporters' photos. This fact is used by two foreign saboteurs, R. W. Ritter and Berko. The saboteurs are planning to destroy the dam and have great help from the reporters' footage. At the same time, reporters Dick and Andy are informed by their editor, K. W. Momsen, at the Mercury News Reel Company offices, that they may be held responsible if anything does happen to the dam.
Norma Bishop is a teletypist for the Consolidated News Service and also Dick's go-to girlfriend. She finds out that Dick has used inside information in her possession once again, to photograph the dam. She is upset by this and worries that she may lose her job if word gets out.
Dick and Andy are sent by their editor to photograph the maiden flight of a new and technically groundbreaking robotics airplane, but Dick accidentally sabotages its first voyage when he sneaks aboard the plane and knocks out its radar. After being bailed out of jail, Dick and Andy are told that their recently awarded $1,000 bonus is going toward the plane's repair.
Dick pays a visit to Norma's office, to say hello and perhaps pick up some leads at the same time. During his sneak visit, he finds out that the Duke and Duchess of Vere are arriving incognito by boat to the city. To get an exclusive on the coverage, Dick tricks Norma into leaving her desk, and then he sends out a fake news item that quintuplet colts have been born at a nearby farm. The result is that all the other newsreel reporters go to cover the fake story at the farm, and Dick and Andy cover the royal couple's arrival alone. At the pier, Dick and Andy get involved in the news story by fending off an attempt to assassinate the royal couple and the subsequently become heroes. The two reporters enjoy their success, but the news of their heroics gets out and the fake story sent out from Norma's desk gets her fired. Hoping to get even, Norma sends Dick and Andy out on a fake story of her own, about an airplane pilot. As luck would have it, the two reporters make the news anyway, when they rescue the pilot Gordon Douglas after his plane crashes during an around-the-world flight. Despite her attempt to get even, Dick feels sorry for Norma and manages to get her a new job as a radio announcer.
Saboteurs Ritter and Berko go to the Mercury offices and offer to buy the Phillips Dam footage, but are turned down by the editor. Dick and Andy are out taking live photos and come across a mining disaster where another newsreel reporter has been murdered. After photographing the murder story, Dick and Andy are almost killed themselves by Ritter and Berko when the spies are caught stealing the dam footage. The spies get away though. Dick and Andy find out that F.B.I. agent Chandler is put to investigate a sabotage attempt on the dam. In a desperate attempt to stop the saboteurs from blowing up the dam Dick calls on Norma, who fakes a radio broadcast that the dam has already been blown up. Dick rushes to the dam, while Andy goes to a museum to photograph its model. Having been told that no photos are allowed, Andy instead steals the model by pretending to be a repairman.
As Dick learns that the dam is still intact, Andy accidentally blows up the model while photographing it. That footage is then mistakenly sent to the theaters as "exclusive" footage of the real dam's sabotage. Because of this Dick becomes the laughing stock of the news world. He returns to the radio station, claiming to have footage of the real saboteurs planting explosives at the dam. Bradford, who is Dick's newsreel rival, hires the private detective Aloysius K. Grimshaw to follow Dick on his next story. While driving to Andy's farm, Dick realizes he is being followed, and he and Andy scare off Grimshaw by projecting footage of man-eating lions. Ritter and Berko, pretends to be FBI agents, and pay a visit to Norma at the radio station to learn Dick and Andy's whereabouts. Not seeing through the disguises Norma tells them about Andy's farm, and the fake agents insist she take them there.
Back at the Mercury offices, Momsen is being bombarded with returned newsreels of the fake dam blow-up from angry agencies. Since Dock and Andy have gone underground at Andy's farm, both Chandler and Gwendy Wimple - Andy's clueless airhead of a girl friend - seek Andy. Chandler wants him for the theft of the museum dam model, and Gwendy for breaking his promise to her. Bradford and Grimshaw returns from their horrible experience at the farm, and tells all about the lions. Soon the entire group heads for the farm.
Norma and the two fake agents/saboteurs arrive at the farm, only to learn from Dick that there is no real sabotage footage. Inside the barn, a fight breaks out, and Andy attacks the saboteurs by using model airplanes launched from the hay-loft. The saboteurs are taken care of before the rest of the ensemble arrives, and Ritter and Berko are arrested on the spot by the real agents. Back at the newsreel offices, Norma arrives, having been fired from her broadcasting job. As Andy and Gwendy watch, Dick offers to take Norma "off the air for life" with a marriage proposal.
Cast
Richard Arlen as Dick McManus
Andy Devine as Andy Tompkins
Janet Shaw as Gwendy Whimple
Jack Arnold as Bradford
Ralf Harolde as R.W. Ritter
Dick Terry as Berko
Dorothy Lovett as Norma Bishop
Gus Schilling as Aloysius K. Grimshaw
Tim Ryan as K.W. Momsen
James Morton as Exposition Guard
Gladys Blake as Secretary Maggie
Willam Forest as Chandler
Maria Montez as bathing beauty being interviewed
Shemp Howard as drunk pickpocket [uncredited]
References
External links
American black-and-white films
American mystery films
1941 mystery films
1941 films
Universal Pictures films
Films directed by Lew Landers
1940s American films |
66010541 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiq%20Ansari | Rafiq Ansari | Rafiq Ansari (born 5 November 1962) is an Indian politician affiliated with the Samajwadi Party (SP). He is a Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) from Meerut (Assembly constituency) of Uttar Pradesh.
References
1962 births
Living people
Politicians from Meerut
Samajwadi Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh |
4035279 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lim%20Boon%20Heng | Lim Boon Heng | Lim Boon Heng (; born 18 November 1947) is a Singaporean former politician. A former member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), he was a Member of Parliament (MP) between 1980 and 2011, and had served in the Cabinet between 2001 and 2011. He also served as Chairman of the People's Action Party between 2004 and 2011.
Lim had also served as Chairman of NTUC Enterprise Co-operative, Deputy Chairman of the Singapore Labour Foundation, Secretary-General of the National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) and Deputy Chairman of the People's Association.
Since retiring from politics, Lim has been serving as the chairman of Temasek Holdings since 2013.
Early life
Lim grew up in a small farm in Punggol, Singapore. He studied at Montfort Junior School (1955–1960) and Montfort Secondary School (1961–1966). In 1967, Lim was awarded a Colombo Plan Scholarship to study naval architecture at the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Upon graduation in 1970, he joined Neptune Orient Lines (NOL) as a naval architect. In 1971, he was awarded a one-year NORAD (Norwegian) Fellowship for practical training in Oslo, leading to a diploma in international shipping inspection. Lim was assigned overseas twice to supervise the construction of NOL's new ships - Denmark (1972–1974) and Japan (1976–1977). He was promoted to Manager of Corporate Planning in 1978, while concurrently holding the post of Manager of Liner Services.
Political career
Lim entered politics in 1980 after he was approached by Goh Chok Tong, who had previously worked with him in NOL. Lim was elected a Member of Parliament (MP) for Kebun Baru (1980–1991). Lim floated the concept of town councils in 1984 and became the Chairman of the first town council in Ang Mo Kio West in 1986. He was MP for the Ulu Pandan (1991–2001) and Jurong (Jurong Central) (2001–2011). Lim was Chairman of the Government Parliamentary Committee (GPC) for Labour (1987–1991) and Deputy Speaker of Parliament (1989–1991).
Lim first entered the Cabinet when he was appointed as Minister without portfolio in October 1993 (later renamed as Minister in the Prime Minister's Office). Before being elevated to the Cabinet, he was appointed Senior Minister of State for the Ministry of Trade and Industry in 1991 and later became the Second Minister in 1993. In 1996, he was the Treasurer of the PAP Central Executive Committee and went on to become the Chairman of the PAP Central Executive Committee in 2004. In 2007, Lim was appointed Chairman of the Ministerial Committee on Ageing to oversee issues related to Singapore's rapidly ageing population.
Lim was Chairman of the National Productivity Board (1991–2003), later known as the Productivity and Standards Board and subsequently the Standards, Productivity and Innovation Board (SPRING Singapore). Lim was also Chairman of the Skills Development Council (1999–2002).
Lim was the Chairman of the Cost Review Committee to look into cost of living in Singapore. (CRC1993 and CRC1996).
Lim announced his retirement from politics in 2011 before the general elections. He also hit the headlines in when he teared up while responding to the media on whether there was groupthink among PAP politicians. He recounts how the Cabinet was deeply split over whether to set up a casino in Singapore and his struggle with the decision.
Trade union career
Lim has a long career with the trade union in Singapore. He spent 26 years at the National Trades Union Congress, with the last 13 as its Secretary-General. He rose from the position of Deputy Director (1981–1983) to Assistant Secretary-General (1983–1987) and Deputy Secretary-General (1987–1991). Thereafter, he had a two-year stint at the Ministry of Trade and Industry (1991–1993). Upon his return to the NTUC, he was elected Secretary-General and served for another four terms until he stepped down in December 2006 to make way for Lim Swee Say.
Lim is Chairman of NTUC Eldercare since 2000 and Deputy Chairman of Singapore Labour Foundation since 1997. Following his retirement from NTUC, Lim helps to oversee the labour movement's network of nine cooperatives. He is currently Chairman of the Social Enterprises Development Council.
Lim served as a member on the National Wages Council from 1981 to 1991. Lim was instrumental in pushing for a flexible wage system to help older workers keep their jobs and to preserve jobs during difficult economic times.
Lim was able to persuade union leaders to support the Central Provident Fund (CPF) cuts and reform during the 1998 recession. He also rallied union leaders and workers to support the restructuring of key companies like PSA International and Singapore Airlines (SIA).
Aware of the many criticisms of his wearing the two hats - that of NTUC chief and Minister in the Cabinet, Lim argued that this arrangement gave labour a place to influence public policy-making at the highest level. He opined that both trade unions and government have the same objective - to better the lives of workers.
In August 1996, Lim was conferred the honorary Doctor of Business from the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology for his role in developing and fostering tripartite relationship among government, employers and workers in Singapore. In November 1996, Lim received the honorary Doctorate of Civil Law from his alma mater, the University of Newcastle Upon Tyne for his "combined academic distinction, business acumen, political commitment and social concern". In 2007, the NTUC honoured Lim with the Distinguished Comrade of Labour for his contributions to the trade union movement. The NTUC recognises Lim as having played a key role in building trust among tripartite partners in the tumultuous 1990s when Singapore was rocked by recessions, job losses, and economic restructuring.
Lim was also the Executive Secretary of SMMWU (1981–1991) and advisor to 11 unions affiliated to the NTUC. He was also Chairman of NTUC Pasir Ris Resort Management Committee (1988–1992), Chairman of NTUC Club (1993–2006) and Appointing Governor of the Ong Teng Cheong Institute of Labour Studies (OTC-ILS) (1993–2006).
In 2013, the Lim Boon Heng Scholarship was launched to help Singaporean students who are residents of Jurong Central and Jurong Spring constituencies who have applied for admission into or are pursuing higher education in Singapore universities.
Post-politics career
After Lim's retirement from politics in 2011, he joined Temasek Holding's as a director in June 2012. In July 2013, the investment company announced his appointment as chairman to replace the then outgoing chairman S. Dhanabalan.
Lim is also the chairman of NTUC Enterprise Co-operative. and retains his position as deputy chairman of the Singapore Labour Foundation.
In 2017, Lim urged Singaporeans to work as long as they can, as working longer can offer health benefits and give them a sense of purpose. "We should work for as long as we are able to work, and want to work, although we should not expect the same pay."
In 2018, Lim participated in a roundtable to discuss about the merits of the Progressive Wage Model in Singapore versus a universal Minimum Wage.
References
Members of the Cabinet of Singapore
Members of the Parliament of Singapore
People's Action Party politicians
Singaporean people of Teochew descent
Living people
1947 births
Singaporean trade unionists
Montfort Secondary School alumni |
16095131 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorne%20Stamler | Lorne Stamler | Lorne Alexander Joseph Stamler (born August 9, 1951) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey forward who played 116 games in the National Hockey League for the Los Angeles Kings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and Winnipeg Jets between 1976 and 1980. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1974 to 1984, was spent in the minor leagues.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
Awards and honors
References
External links
1951 births
Living people
Canadian ice hockey forwards
Fort Worth Texans players
Indianapolis Checkers (CHL) players
Los Angeles Kings draft picks
Los Angeles Kings players
Michigan Tech Huskies men's ice hockey players
New Brunswick Hawks players
Ice hockey people from Winnipeg
Springfield Indians players
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Toronto Marlboros players
Tulsa Oilers (1964–1984) players
Winnipeg Jets (1979–1996) players |
10529688 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noah%20Jackson | Noah Jackson | Noah Jackson (born April 14, 1951) is a former American football player who played offensive lineman for ten seasons between 1975 and 1984 for the Chicago Bears and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Previously, he played three seasons for the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL). Afterwards, he was traded by the Baltimore Colts to the Bears for a seventh-round draft pick in the 1975 NFL Draft.
References
1951 births
Living people
People from Jacksonville Beach, Florida
Players of American football from Florida
American football offensive guards
Tampa Spartans football players
Chicago Bears players
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
American players of Canadian football
Canadian football offensive linemen
Toronto Argonauts players
Sportspeople from Duval County, Florida
Duncan U. Fletcher High School alumni |
3818338 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20%28Buffy%20comic%29 | Jonathan (Buffy comic) | Jonathan is a comic, a story based on the Buffy the Vampire Slayer television series.
Story description
Only one person can save Sunnydale from Russian vampire mobsters, surprisingly that is Jonathan Levinson. Jonathan gets help from the Slayer and her pals. It seems Jonathan is quite the legend, and appears to be admired by the whole world. Jonathan's fame continues into the Buffy episode Superstar.
Continuity
Supposed to be set in Buffy season 4, after "This Year's Girl" but before "Superstar".
Canonical issues
Buffy comics such as this one are not usually considered by fans as canonical. Some fans consider them stories from the imaginations of authors and artists, while other fans consider them as taking place in an alternative fictional reality. However unlike fan fiction, overviews summarising their story, written early in the writing process, were 'approved' by both Fox and Joss Whedon (or his office), and the books were therefore later published as official Buffy merchandise. Some fans argue this comic is canon, because it was written by Jane Espenson.
Ultimately, since the events of this comic are set in the world created by Jonathan in "Superstar", as such they would have been erased at the end of that episode.
External links
Free ecomic of Jonathan from the BBC
Comics based on Buffy the Vampire Slayer
Prequel comics |
15863235 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979%E2%80%9380%20QMJHL%20season | 1979–80 QMJHL season | The 1979–80 QMJHL season was the 11th season in the history of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League. Ten teams played 72 games each in the schedule. The Sherbrooke Castors finished first overall in the regular season, winning the Jean Rougeau Trophy. The Cornwall Royals, led by rookie Dale Hawerchuk won the President's Cup, defeating the Sherbrooke Castors in the finals. Cornwall went on to win the 1980 Memorial Cup, winning their second Memorial Cup championship.
Team changes
The Laval National are renamed the Laval Voisins.
The Verdun Éperviers return to Sorel, Quebec, mid-season.
Final standings
Note: GP = Games played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; Pts = Points; GF = Goals for; GA = Goals against
complete list of standings.
Scoring leaders
Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; PIM = Penalties in minutes
complete scoring statistics
Playoffs
Dale Hawerchuk was the leading scorer of the playoffs with 45 points (20 goals, 25 assists).
Quarterfinals
Sherbrooke Castors defeated Hull Olympiques 4 games to 0.
Cornwall Royals defeated Shawinigan Cataractes 4 games to 3.
Chicoutimi Saguenéens defeated Trois-Rivières Draveurs 4 games to 3.
Montreal Juniors defeated Quebec Remparts 4 games to 1.
Semifinals
Sherbrooke Castors defeated Montreal Juniors 4 games to 1.
Cornwall Royals defeated Chicoutimi Saguenéens 4 games to 1.
Finals
Cornwall Royals defeated Sherbrooke Castors 4 games to 2.
All-star teams
First team
Goaltender - Paul Pageau, Shawinigan Cataractes
Left defence - Fred Arthur, Cornwall Royals
Right defence - Gaston Therrien, Quebec Remparts
Left winger - Gilles Hamel, Chicoutimi Saguenéens
Centreman - J. F. Sauve, Trois-Rivières Draveurs & Denis Savard, Montreal Juniors
Right winger - Denis Cyr, Montreal Juniors
Coach - Doug Carpenter, Cornwall Royals
Second team
Goaltender - Corrado Micalef, Sherbrooke Castors
Left defence - Normand Rochefort, Trois-Rivières Draveurs
Right defence - Dave Ezard, Cornwall Royals
Left winger - Pierre Aubry, Trois-Rivières Draveurs & Louis Begin, Sherbrooke Castors
Centreman - Guy Carbonneau, Chicoutimi Saguenéens
Right winger - Brian Johnson, Sherbrooke Castors
Coach - Ghislain Delage, Sherbrooke Castors & Gaston Drapeau, Quebec Remparts
List of First/Second/Rookie team all-stars.
Trophies and awards
Team
President's Cup - Playoff Champions, Cornwall Royals.
Jean Rougeau Trophy - Regular Season Champions, Sherbrooke Castors.
Robert Lebel Trophy - Team with best GAA, Sherbrooke Castors.
Player
Michel Brière Memorial Trophy - Most Valuable Player, Denis Savard, Montreal Juniors.
Jean Béliveau Trophy - Top Scorer, J. F. Sauve, Trois-Rivières Draveurs.
Guy Lafleur Trophy - Playoff MVP, Dale Hawerchuk, Cornwall Royals.
Jacques Plante Memorial Trophy - Best GAA, Corrado Micalef, Sherbrooke Castors.
Emile Bouchard Trophy - Defenceman of the Year, Gaston Therrien, Quebec Remparts.
Michel Bergeron Trophy - Rookie of the Year, Dale Hawerchuk, Cornwall Royals .
Frank J. Selke Memorial Trophy - Most sportsmanlike player, J. F. Sauve, Trois-Rivières Draveurs.
See also
1980 Memorial Cup
1980 NHL Entry Draft
1979–80 OMJHL season
1979–80 WHL season
References
Official QMJHL Website
www.hockeydb.com/
Quebec Major Junior Hockey League seasons
QMJHL |
70745306 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karelim%20L%C3%B3pez | Karelim López | Karelim Lisbeth López Arredondo (born 18 April 1980) is a Peruvian businesswoman and lobbyist known for controversial interactions with the governments of Presidents of Peru Martín Vizcarra and Pedro Castillo.
Early life
López was born in the Jesús María District, Lima on 18 April 1980. According to América Televisión, López did not receive a university education, though her friends noted that she was well-informed on laws in Peru.
Career
Congress and Ministry of Transport and Communications
López began her career as a lobbyist for the Congress of the Republic of Peru in 2003, often working with Aprista politicians. While lobbying in Congress, she would meet her husband Jonny Milla Cornejo, who was a security agent for legislators.
She then turned to lobby in the Ministry of Transport and Communications under the government of President Alan García, working with Enrique Cornejo from 2008 to 2011, establishing a friendly relationship with him. In 2014, she contributed 14,160 soles towards Cornejo's mayoral campaign through her Threejots S.A.C. company. During the 2016 Peruvian general election, López would donate 16,000 soles towards the presidential campaign of Keiko Fujimori, daughter of former president Alberto Fujimori.
In 2017 during the tenure of President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, López introduced Vice President of Peru and Minister of Transport and Communications Martín Vizcarra to a medium she had worked with, Hayimy Aleman Herrera, with Vizcarra and Hayimy meeting on multiple occasions. López would also establish a relationship to the General Commander of the National Police of Peru, José Luis Lavalle Santa Cruz, who would deploy National Police resources for her, often providing police escorts for her quick transportation through Lima.
Vizcarra government
Through her connections in the Government Palace, especially President Vizcarra's secretary Karem Roca, López attempted to gain influence within the Vizcarra government according to IDL-Reporteros. Beginning her relationship with Roca, López reportedly purchased an Apple iPhone for the secretary, saying the reason was for the two to communicate better, and would allegedly later pay for a liposuction surgery for Roca. According to IDL-Reporteros, López was introduced to President Vizcarra in late 2018 by Karem Roca and Iván Manchego, with the two saying she "had access to important sources". When interactions between López and President Vizcarra began, López allegedly sent false documents to target General Secretary of the Presidency Mirian Morales, with Vizcarra ordering the National Directorate of Intelligence to review the documents purportedly belonging to Morales that they determined to false information by the agency. President Vizcarra would later dismiss the incident as a personal dispute and ignored further investigation into the conflict. According to La República, President Vizcarra would nominate Carlos Lozada Contreras, a relative to the owners of construction company Termirex, as Minister of Transport and Communications. López worked as a lobbyist for Terminex and the company would later win the Tarata III Bridge Consortium contract worth 255.9 million soles under the Castillo administration.
López attempted to influence Richard Cisneros, a singer who was the subject of alleged irregular payments related to the first impeachment process against Martín Vizcarra according to IDL-Reporteros. A source with close information linked to Vizcarra said that López was the individual that brought the information about Cisneros to opposition lawmaker Edgar Alarcon, with the legislator publicly releasing audios related to the controversy to accuse Vizcarra of "moral incapacity". It was reported that López planned the audio controversy after being unhappy that she did not receive a construction contract for the 2019 Pan American Games. President Vizcarra would later be removed from office in 2020.
Castillo government
During the 2021 Peruvian general election, it was reported that López initially supported the candidacy of Keiko Fujimori, though she later became close to individuals in the government of Pedro Castillo. Presented in visitor documents as a lobbyist for the construction company Termirex, López met with Castillo's chief of staff Bruno Pacheco multiple times. Four months into Castillo's term, his former presidential challenger Keiko Fujimori announced on 19 November 2021 that her party was pushing forward impeachment proceedings, arguing that Castillo was "morally unfit for office" and investigators raided the Government Palace during an influence peddling investigation and found that Pacheco had US$20,000 present in his office's bathroom.
In December 2021, López was ordered by the Prosecutor's Office of Peru to remain in the country due to allegations of influence peddling. López was represented by her attorney César Nakazaki, the same attorney for Alberto Fujimori. López's husband and daughter were later reported to be investigated for money laundering.
Personal life
López lives with her husband Jonny Milla Cornejo, with the two having one daughter named Yadira Milla López. She owns one home in the Pueblo Libre District that she purchased for $170,000 in cash and two other homes in Breña, with one purchased directly $120,000. She also reportedly owns several vehicles, including a Dodge Durango, Ford Expedition and a BMW X6.
According to a criminal prosecutor's documents, López reported that "for more than 14 years" she was "addicted" to Tarot card readings. IDL-Reporteros reported that between 2017 and 2020, she spent over $10,000 and made 300 deposits for medium consultations that ranged between $50 and $125 per session. In late 2020, López accused her closest medium of stealing a package containing $50,000 from her, though the medium said that López intentionally left the package at her house for safeguard and that police later arrived asking for the package.
References
Living people
Lobbyists
1980 births
Businesspeople from Lima |
56650727 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diocesan%20Museum%20%28Naples%29 | Diocesan Museum (Naples) | The Diocesan Museum is the museum of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Naples, displaying paintings, reliquaries and bronzes previously housed in the Archepiscopal Palace, closed and suppressed churches in the Diocese (such as the churches of Santa Donna Regina Nuova and the neighbouring Santa Maria Donnaregina Vecchia) or churches where it is too risky to display artworks. The paintings are mainly from the Neapolitan School, including works by Luca Giordano, Francesco Solimena, Massimo Stanzione, Aniello Falcone and Andrea Vaccaro.
It was originally housed in the Archepiscopal Palace but due to an initiative by cardinal-archbishop Crescenzio Sepe it re-opened in the rooms behind the chancel of Santa Donna Regina Nuova and on a new mezzanine floor above the side chapels of its nave on 23 October 2007. The rooms above the side chapels are organised thematically, with a room each for the Passion of Christ, the Seven Sacraments, Martyrdom, the Life of Priests, Monks and Mendicants and the Seven Works of Pity. Other rooms house objets-d'art, such as two bronzes of St Candida of Naples and St Maximus by Giovan Domenico Vinaccia from Naples Cathedral, reliquaries, vestments and sculptures in wood and stone.
Visitors can also see the neighbouring Santa Maria Donnaregina Vecchia, although this does not display any artworks from the collection. Santa Donna Regina Nuova belongs to the Ministry of the Interior's "Collection of religious buildings", whilst the City of Naples owns Santa Maria Donnaregina Vecchia. The museum is managed by the Archdiocese and supervised by the Soprintendenza al polo museale di Napoli.
Floor plan
Collections
Paintings
Sculptures
Metalwork and reliquaries
Other
References
External links
Art museums and galleries in Naples
Naples
2007 establishments in Italy |
19750245 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weissfluh | Weissfluh | The Weissfluh is a mountain of the Plessur Alps, located above Davos in the canton of Graubünden. It is part of a ski area and the summit is served by a cable car from the Weissfluhjoch.
See also
List of most isolated mountains of Switzerland
List of mountains of Switzerland accessible by public transport
References
External links
Weissfluh on Hikr
Mountains of the Alps
Mountains of Switzerland
Mountains of Graubünden
Two-thousanders of Switzerland |
58627241 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%20Fuck%27s%20Sake | For Fuck's Sake | For Fuck's Sake is the eighth studio album by British band The Nightingales. The album was a limited edition self-release and was
recorded in September 2013 at the Faust Studio, Scheer, Germany.
Track listing
"Bullet For Gove"
"Diary Of A Bag Of Nerves"
"The Gruesome Threesome"
"Toasted On Both"
"The Abstract Dad"
"Good Morning And Goodbye"
"His Family Has Been Informed"
"Dumb And Drummer"
"Thick And Thin"
"Contempt"
"Same Old"
"Good Morning Midnight"
Personnel
Robert Lloyd – Vocals
Alan Apperley – Guitars
Fliss Kitson – Drums
Andreas Schmid - Bass
Reception
Joe Shooman of Record Collector awarded the album 4/5 and wrote "... as the title indicates, the band are in no mood to mess around. The result is that ace lyrics, riffs and ideas burst out from all angles". Hayley Scott rated it 7/10 for Line of Best Fit and wrote "Its allure is not immediately perceptible – it takes time to win you over, but it withstands repeated listens; its appeal never waning but heightening with perseverance". In Mojo it was given 4/5 and described as "Heartening evidence of the British art of mentally transforming ennui and chagrin into something approaching gold".
References
External links
Official artist website
2014 albums
The Nightingales albums
Alternative rock albums by British artists |
190348 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian%20Identity | Christian Identity | Christian Identity (also known as Identity Christianity) is an interpretation of Christianity which advocates the belief that only Celtic and Germanic peoples, such as the Anglo-Saxon, Nordic nations, or Aryan people and people of kindred blood, are the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob and are therefore the descendants of the ancient Israelites.
Independently practiced by individuals, independent congregations, and some prison gangs, it is not an organized religion, nor is it affiliated with specific Christian denominations. Its theology is a racial interpretation of Christianity. Christian Identity beliefs were originally developed among adherents of British Israelism in the early 1900s. The developers of these beliefs were authors who regarded Europeans as the "chosen people" and regarded Jews and non-whites as the cursed offspring of Cain, who they believed was a "serpent hybrid". This aspect of Christian Identity theology is commonly called the serpent seed or two-seedline doctrine. White supremacist sects and gangs later adopted many of these teachings.
Christian Identity promotes the idea that all non-whites (people who are not of wholly European descent) will either be exterminated or enslaved in order to serve the white race in the new Heavenly Kingdom on Earth under the reign of Jesus Christ. Its doctrine states that only "Adamic" (white) people can achieve salvation and enter paradise. Many of its adherents are Millennialist.
It is characterized as racist, antisemitic, and white supremacist by the Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center.
, estimates of the number of adherents in the United States range from two thousand to fifty thousand.
Origins
Relationship to British Israelism
The Christian Identity movement emerged in the United States in the 1920s and 1930s as an offshoot of British Israelism. While early British Israelites such as Edward Hine and John Wilson were philo-Semites, Christian Identity emerged in sharp contrast to British Israelism as a strongly antisemitic theology. The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) describes the emergence of Christian Identity from British Israelism as an 'ugly turn':
In his book Christian Identity: The Aryan American Bloodline Religion, Chester Quarles describes the emergence of Christian Identity from British Israelism as a "remarkable transition", because traditional British Israelites were advocates of philo-Semitism which paradoxically changed to anti-Semitism and racism under Christian Identity. In fact, British Israelism had several Jewish adherents, and it also received support from rabbis throughout the 19th century. Within British politics it supported Benjamin Disraeli, who was descended from Sephardic Jews. However, Christian Identity, which emerged in the 1920s, began to turn antisemitic by teaching the Khazar hypothesis of Ashkenazi ancestry, a belief that Jews are the descendants of Satan or Edomite-Khazars rather than the tribe of Judah. The typical form of the British Israelite belief held no antisemitic views. Rather, its adherents believed that modern-day Jews were only descended from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin, while the British and other related Northern European peoples were descended from the other ten tribes.
Early influences
British Israelism can be traced back to Great Britain in the 1600s, but in terms of its relationship to Christian Identity, a key text was Lectures on Our Israelitish Origin by John Wilson (1840). Wilson was the first to formalize a distinction between the northern and southern kingdoms of Israel. Although Wilson's views were not originally antisemitic, they came to have great significance for modern Christian Identity adherents who believe that the northern tribes were carried off by the Assyrians and remained racially pure as they migrated into modern Europe, while the southern kingdom eventually became allied with Satan.
In the 1920s, the writings of Howard Rand (1889–1991) began to have an influence. Rand is known for coining the term "Christian Identity". Raised as a British Israelite, his father introduced him to J. H. Allen's work Judah's Sceptre and Joseph's Birthright (1902) at an early age. Around 1924, Rand began to claim that the Jews are descended from Esau or the Canaanites rather than the tribe of Judah, although not going so far as to advocate the "serpent seed" doctrine. Rand is considered a 'transitional' figure from British Israelism to Christian Identity, rather than its actual founder.
During the late 1920s, Anglo-Saxon writers began to compile research from 19th century writers Dominick McCausland, Alexander Winchell, and Ethel Bristowe, using them to develop five basic beliefs that would become the core tenets of Christian Identity doctrine. These were that Adamites represented Aryans as the chosen, that nonwhites were tainted through race-mixing, that the serpent in the story of the Fall was not a reptile, but the Devil himself, that the seedline of Cain came through a union of Satan (the serpent) and Eve, and that the Jews were descended from this unholy line and thus had a natural propensity for evil.
In 1933, Rand founded the Anglo-Saxon Federation of America, an organization which began to promote the view that the Jews are not descended from Judah. Beginning in May 1937, there were key meetings of British Israelites in the United States who were attracted to this theory, and these meetings provided the catalyst for the eventual emergence of Christian Identity. By the late 1930s, the group's members considered Jews to be the offspring of Satan and demonized them, and they also demonized non-Caucasian races.
William Dudley Pelley, the founder of the clerical fascist Silver Shirts movement, was influenced by British Israelism in the early 1930s. Links between Christian Identity and the Ku Klux Klan were also forged in the late 1930s, but by then, the KKK was past the peak of its early twentieth-century revival.
Emergence as a separate movement
Christian Identity began to emerge as a separate movement in the 1940s, primarily over issues of racism and anti-semitism rather than over issues of Christian theology. Wesley Swift (1913–1970) is considered the father of the movement; so much so that every Anti-Defamation League publication which addresses Christian Identity mentions him. Swift was born in New Jersey, and he eventually moved to Los Angeles in order to attend Bible college. It is claimed that he may have been a "Ku Klux Klan organizer and a Klan rifle-team instructor." Swift was a minister in the Angelus Temple Foursquare Church during the 1930s and 1940s before he founded his own church in Lancaster, California and named it the Anglo-Saxon Christian Congregation, reflecting the influence of Howard Rand. In the 1950s, he was Gerald L. K. Smith's West Coast representative of the Christian Nationalist Crusade. In addition, he hosted a daily radio broadcast in California during the 1950s and 1960s, through which he was able to proclaim his ideology to a large audience. Due to Swift's efforts, the message of his church spread, leading to the founding of similar churches throughout the country.
Eventually, the name of his church was changed to the Church of Jesus Christ Christian, today this name is used by Aryan Nations. One of Swift's associates was retired Col. William Potter Gale (1917–1988). Gale became a leading figure in the anti-tax and paramilitary movements of the 1970s and 1980s, beginning with the California Rangers and the Posse Comitatus, and he also helped found the American militia movement.
The future Aryan Nations founder Richard Girnt Butler, who was an admirer of Adolf Hitler and Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy, was introduced to Wesley Swift by William Potter Gale in 1962. Swift quickly converted Butler to Christian Identity. When Swift died in 1971, Butler fought against Gale, James Warner, and Swift's widow for control of the church. Butler eventually gained control of the organization and moved it from California to Hayden Lake, Idaho in 1973.
Lesser figures participated as Christian Identity theology took shape in the 1940s and 1950s, such as San Jacinto Capt, a Baptist minister and California Klansman (who claimed that he had introduced Wesley Swift to Christian Identity); and Bertrand Comparet (1901–1983), a one-time San Diego Deputy City Attorney (and a lawyer for Gerald L. K. Smith). Later Identity figures of the 1980s include Sheldon Emry and Peter J. Peters.
The Christian Identity movement first received widespread attention from the mainstream media in 1984, when The Order, a neo-Nazi terrorist group, embarked on a murderous crime spree before it was suppressed by the FBI. Tax resister and militia movement organizer Gordon Kahl, whose death in a 1983 shootout with federal authorities helped inspire The Order, also had connections to the Christian Identity movement. The movement returned to public attention in 1992 and 1993, in the wake of the deadly Ruby Ridge confrontation, when newspapers discovered that former Green Beret and right-wing separatist Randy Weaver had a loose association with Christian Identity believers.
These groups are estimated to have two thousand members in the United States and an unknown number of members in Canada and the rest of the British Commonwealth. Due to the promotion of Christian Identity doctrines through radio and later through the Internet, an additional fifty thousand unaffiliated individuals are thought to hold Christian Identity beliefs.
Beliefs
Rather than being an organized religion, Christian Identity ("CI") is adhered to by individuals, independent congregations and some prison gangs. It is a white supremacist theology that promotes a racial interpretation of Christianity. Some Christian Identity churches preach with more violent rhetoric than others, but all of them believe that Aryans are God's chosen race rather than Jews.
Christian Identity beliefs were primarily developed and promoted by two authors who considered Europeans to be the chosen people and considered Jews to be the cursed offspring of Cain, the "serpent hybrid" (or the Serpent seed) (a belief which is known as the dual-seedline or two-seedline doctrine). Wesley Swift formulated the doctrine which states that non-Caucasian peoples have no souls and therefore they can never earn God's favor or be saved.
No single document expresses the Christian Identity belief system; there is much disagreement over the doctrines which are taught by those who ascribe to CI beliefs, since there is no central organization or headquarters for the CI sect. However, all CI adherents believe that Adam and his offspring were exclusively White and they also believe that all non-white races are pre-Adamite races because they belong to separate species, a doctrinal position which implies that they cannot be equated with or derived from the Adamites. CI adherents cite passages from the Old Testament, including , , and , which they claim contain Yahweh's injunctions against interracial marriages.
Christian Identity adherents assert that the white people of Europe in particular or Caucasians in general are God's servant people, according to the promises that were given to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. It further asserts that the early European tribes were really the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel and therefore the rightful heirs to God's promises, and God's chosen people. Colin Kidd wrote that in the United States, Christian Identity exploited "the puzzle of the Ten Lost Tribes to justify an openly anti-Semitic and virulently racist agenda." According to Michael McFarland and Glenn Gottfried, they developed their racist interpretation of Christianity because of its status as a traditional religion of the United States, which allowed them to advocate the belief that white Americans have a common identity, and because of the variety of possible interpretations of the Bible in the field of hermeneutics.
While they seek to introduce a state of racial purity in the US, Christian Identitarians do not trust the Congress or the government, allegedly controlled by Jews, to support their agenda. In their view, this means that political changes can only be made through the use of force. However, the failed experience of the terrorist group The Order has forced them to acknowledge the fact that they are currently unable to overthrow the government by staging an armed insurrection against it. Thus, the Christian Identity movement seeks an alternative to violence and government change with the creation of a "White Aryan Bastion" or a White ethnostate, such as the Northwest Territorial Imperative.
Two House theology
Like British Israelites, Christian Identity adherents believe in Two House theology, which makes a distinction between the Tribe of Judah and the Ten Lost Tribes. While British Israelites believe that modern Jews are descended from the tribe of Judah, Christian Identitarians believe that the true lineal descendants of Judah are not contemporary Jews, but are instead the modern-day Anglo-Saxon, Celtic, Germanic, Nordic, and kindred peoples.
Origin beliefs
Identity teaches that "Israel" was the name given to Jacob after he wrestled with the angel at Penuel as described in Genesis 32:26–32. "Israel" then had twelve sons, which began the Twelve Tribes of Israel. In 975 BC the ten northern tribes revolted, seceded from the south, and became the Kingdom of Israel. After they were subsequently conquered by Assyria at , the ten tribes disappeared from the Biblical record and became known as the Lost Tribes of Israel.
According to Identity doctrine, 2 Esdras 13:39–46 then records the history of the nation of Israel journeying over the Caucasus mountains, along the Black Sea, to the Ar Sereth tributary of the Danube in Romania ("But they formed this plan for themselves, that they would leave the multitude of the nations and go to a more distant region, where no human beings had ever lived. ... Through that region there was a long way to go, a journey of a year and a half; and that country is called Arzareth"). The tribes prospered, and eventually colonised other European countries. Israel's leading tribe, the Tribe of Dan, is attributed with settling and naming many areas which are today distinguished by place names derived from its name – written ancient Hebrew contains no vowels, and hence "Dan" would be written as DN, but would be pronounced with an intermediate vowel dependent on the local dialect, meaning that Dan, Den, Din, Don, and Dun all have the same meaning. Various modern place names are said to derive from the name of this tribe:
Macedonia – Macedonia – derived from Moeshe-don-ia (Moeshe being "the land of Moses")
Danube – Dan-ube, Dniester – Dn-, Dnieper – Dn-ieper, Donetz – Don-etz, Danzig – Dan-zig, Don – Don
The following peoples and their analogous tribes are believed to be as follows:
Dan – Denmark
Gad – Italy
Asher – Sweden
Issachar – Finland
Simeon – Spain
Zebulun – France
Naphtali – Norway
Benjamin – Iceland
Reuben – Netherlands
Judah – Germany
Ephraim – Great Britain
Manasseh – United States
Some followers claim that the Identity genealogy of the Davidic line can be traced to the royal rulers of Britain and Queen Elizabeth II herself. Thus, Anglo-Saxons are the true Israelites, God's chosen people who were given the divine right to rule the world until the Second Coming of Christ.
Identity adherents reject the label "antisemitic" by stating that they cannot be antisemitic because the true Semites "today are the great White Christian nations of the western world", with modern Jews being considered the descendants of the Canaanites.
Adamites and pre-Adamites
A major tenet of Christian Identity is the pre-Adamite hypothesis. Christian Identity adherents believe that Adam and Eve were only the ancestors of white people, because according to Christian Identity, Adam and Eve were preceded by lesser, non-Caucasian races which are often (although not always) identified as "beasts of the field" in . For example, the "beasts" which wore sackcloth and cried unto God in are identified as black races by Christian Identity adherents. To support their theory on the racial identity of Adam, Christian Identity proponents point out that the Hebrew etymology of the word 'Adam' translates as 'be ruddy, red, to show blood (in the face)' often quoting from James Strong's Hebrew Dictionary and from this they conclude that only Caucasians or people with light white skin can blush or turn rosy in the face (because hemoglobin is only visible under pale skin).
A seminal influence on the Christian Identity movement's views on pre-Adamism was Charles Carroll's 1900 book The Negro a Beast or In the Image of God? In his book, Carroll sought to revive the ideas which were previously presented by Buckner H. Payne, he described the Negro as a literal ape rather than a human being. He claimed the pre-Adamite races such as blacks did not have souls and that race mixing was an insult to God because it spoiled His racial plan of creation. According to Carroll, the mixing of races had also led to the errors of atheism and evolutionism.
The idea that "lower races" are mentioned in the Bible (in contrast to Aryans) was posited in the 1905 book Theozoology; or The Science of the Sodomite Apelings and the Divine Electron by Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels, an Ariosophist and a volkisch writer who influenced Nazism.
Serpent seed
Dual Seedline Christian Identity proponents –those who believe that Eve bore children with Satan as well as with Adam – believe that Eve was seduced by the Serpent (Satan), shared her fallen state with Adam by having sex with him, and gave birth to twins with different fathers: Satan's son Cain and Adam's son Abel. This belief is referred to as the serpent seed doctrine. According to the "dual seedline" form of Christian Identity, Cain then became the progenitor of the Jews in his subsequent matings with members of the non-Adamic races.
The serpent seed idea, which ascribes the ancestry of legendary monsters such as Grendel to Cain, was widespread in the Middle Ages. It also appears in early Gnostic Christian texts as well as in some Jewish texts, for example, it appears in a 9th-century book titled Pirke De-Rabbi Eliezer. In Cain: Son of the Serpent (1985), David Max Eichhorn traces the idea back to early Jewish Midrashic texts and he also names many rabbis who taught the belief that Cain was the son of a union between the Serpent and Eve.
Some Kabbalist rabbis also believe that Cain and Abel were of a different genetic background than Seth. This teaching is based on the theory that God created two "Adams" (adam means "man" in Hebrew). To one Adam he gave a soul and to the other Adam he did not give a soul. The Adam who is without a soul is the creature who Christians call the Serpent. The Kabbalists call the serpent the Nahash (Nahash is the Hebrew word for serpent).
This event is recorded in the Zohar:
Scientific racism
Scientific racism, sometimes termed biological racism or racialism, the pseudoscientific belief that empirical evidence exists to support or justify racism, is the core tenet of Christian Identity, and most CI adherents are white nationalists who advocate racial segregation and the imposition of anti-miscegenation laws. Some CI adherents also believe that Jews are genetically compelled to carry on a conspiracy against the Adamic seedline by their Satanic or Edomite ancestry and they also believe that the Jews of today have achieved almost complete control of the Earth through their claim to hold the white race's status as God's chosen people.
Identity adherents also assert that disease, addiction, cancer, and sexually transmitted infections (herpes and HIV/AIDS) are spread by human "rodents" via contact with "unclean" persons, such as "race-mixers". The apocrypha, particularly the first book of Enoch, is used to justify these social theories; the fallen angels of Heaven sexually desired Earth maidens and took them as wives, resulting in the birth of abominations, which God ordered Michael the Archangel to destroy, thus beginning a cosmic war between Light and Darkness. The mixing of separate things (e.g., people of different races) is seen as defiling all of them, and it is also considered a violation of God's law.
Views on homosexuality
Identity preachers proclaim that, according to the Bible, "the penalties for race-mixing, homo-sexuality, and usury are death."
Views on racial politics and economics
The first documents which advocated Christian Identity's views on racial politics and economics were written by Howard Rand and William J. Cameron after the Great Depression. In 1943, Rand published the article "Digest of the Divine Law" which discussed the political and economic challenges which existed at that time. An excerpt from the article states: "We shall not be able to continue in accord with the old order. Certain groups are already planning an economy of regimentation for our nation; but it will only intensify the suffering and want of the past and bring to our peoples all the evils that will result from such planning by a group of men who are failing to take into consideration the fundamental principles underlying the law of the Lord."
While Rand never formally named the groups which he was specifically referring to, his hatred of Jews, racial integration, and the country's economic state at that time made the direction of his comments obvious. Identifying specific economic problems was not the only goal which Rand had in mind. He began to analyze how these changes could be made to happen through legal changes; thus, making strategic plans to integrate the Bible into American law and economics. The first goal was to denounce all man-made laws and replace them with laws from the Bible. The second goal was to create an economic state which would reflect the teachings of the Bible.
While William Cameron agreed with Rand's initial argument, he specifically focused his writings on changing American economics. One of Cameron's articles, "Divine System of Taxation", spoke of the Bible supporting individualism and social justice with regard to economics. He also believed that the government had no right to tax land or other forms of property. In accordance with this doctrine, tax refunds should be applied to family vacation trips or they should be applied to national festivals which are observed by adherents of Christian Identity. Also, for the betterment of the United States' economic future, no interest should be charged on debts which are paid with credit, and no taxes should be collected during the traveling time of goods from a manufacturer to a consumer.
The mutual point which Rand and Cameron both agreed upon, was that while they may have disagreed with how the government was operating, neither of them resisted the government's current tax policies. Gordon Kahl was the first CI believer to study the founding principles of Rand and Cameron, and apply them in order to take action against the government. Kahl believed that they were on the right track with regard to what needed to be accomplished in order to change public policies. However, he felt that if no actions were taken against violators, no real changes would be made. In 1967, he stopped paying taxes because he felt he was paying "tithes to the Synagogue of Satan". Kahl killed two federal marshals in 1983. Before he was caught for the murders, Kahl wrote a note in which he said "our nation has fallen into the hands of alien people. ... These enemies of Christ have taken their Jewish Communist Manifesto and incorporated it into the Statutory Laws of our country and thrown our Constitution and our Christian Common Law into the garbage can."
Opposition to the banking system
Identity doctrine asserts that the "root of all evil" is paper money (particularly Federal Reserve Notes), and that both usury and banking systems are controlled by Jews. Exodus 22:25, Leviticus 25:35–37 and Deuteronomy explicitly condemn usury. Ezekiel 18:13 states "He who hath given forth upon usury, and hath taken increase: shall he then live? He shall not live: he hath done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be upon him" and it is quoted as a justification for killing Jews.
Christian Identity advocates the belief that the creation of the Federal Reserve System in 1913 shifted the control of money from Congress to private institutions and violated the Constitution and the monetary system encourages the Federal Reserve to take out loans, creating trillions of dollars in government debt, and allowing international bankers to control the United States. Credit/debit cards and computerised bills are seen as the fulfillment of the Biblical scripture which warns against "the beast" (i.e., banking) as quoted in Revelation 13:15–18.
Identity preacher Sheldon Emry stated that "Most of the owners of the largest banks in America are of Eastern European (Jewish) ancestry and connected with the (Jewish) Rothschild European banks", thus, according to Identity doctrine, the global banking conspiracy is led and controlled by Jewish interests. Emry used the radio airwaves to promote his Christian Identity message and his book Billions for the Bankers, Debts for the People. Emry promoted abolishing the banks, which he suggested would solve most of society's ills, including unemployment, divorce, and women working outside the home.
World's end and Armageddon
Christian Identity adherents believe in the Second Coming and Armageddon. Their predictions vary, and they include a race war or a Jewish-backed United Nations takeover of the US, and they also believe that they should wage a physical struggle against individuals and groups which serve the forces of evil. While the Soviet Union has disappeared as a vital threat in their rhetoric, many Christian Identity adherents believe that Communists are secretly involved in international organizations like the United Nations, or the so-called "New World Order", in order to destroy the United States. Unlike many Protestant Fundamentalists, Christian Identity adherents reject the notion of a Rapture, based on their belief that it is a Judaized doctrine which the Bible does not teach.
Related
Organizations
Aryan Freedom Network
Aryan Nations
Aryan Republican Army (ARA)
Assembly of Christian Soldiers
Christian Defense League
Kingdom Identity Ministries, Harrison, Arkansas
LaPorte Church of Christ, Fort Collins, Colorado
The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord
Church of Israel, Schell City, Missouri
Church of Jesus Christ–Christian
Elohim City, Oklahoma
Phineas Priesthood
Posse Comitatus
The Shepherd's Chapel, a Christian Identity and King James Only movement church
White Patriot Party
South African branches of Christian Identity have been accused of involvement in terrorist activities, including the 2002 Soweto bombings.
People
Larry Gene Ashbrook, a mass murderer who allegedly was a self-professed Phineas Priest
Louis Beam
Byron De La Beckwith, the assassin of NAACP and Civil rights movement leader Medgar Evers, became a Phineas Priest
Samuel Bowers, a co-founder and the first Imperial Wizard of the White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, believed in Christian Identity
Richard Butler (white supremacist)
James Ellison (white supremacist)
Bo Gritz (formerly)
Gordon Kahl
Chevie Kehoe
August Kreis
Robert E. Miles
Frazier Glenn Miller Jr. (formerly)
Thomas Robb (Ku Klux Klan)
Eric Rudolph
Michael W. Ryan
Wesley A. Swift
Dewey H "Buddy" Tucker
Rick Tyler
Tom Metzger (formerly)
Randy Weaver (formerly)
James Wickstrom
Lists
Groups claiming affiliation with Israelites
List of Christian denominations#Christian Identitist
List of Christian movements#Religious
List of neo-Nazi organizations
List of organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as hate groups#Christian Identity
List of white nationalist organizations
See also
19th-century Anglo-Saxonism
Aryanism
Christian Patriot movement
Christian Nationalism
Fascism in North America
Kinism
Murders of Gary Matson and Winfield Mowder
Neo-Nazism
Nordicism
Radical right (United States)
Redemption movement
Sovereign citizen movement
References
Further reading
Barkun, M. (1994). Religion and the Racist Right: The Origins of the Christian Identity Movement. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Revised edition, 1997,
Ingram, W.L., (1995). God and Race: British-Israelism and Christian Identity, p. 119–126 in T. Miller, Ed., America's Alternative Religions, SUNY Press, Albany NY.
Kaplan, Jeffrey, (1997). Radical Religion in America, Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press. pp. 47–48.
Quarles, C. L. (2004). Christian Identity: The Aryan American Bloodline Religion. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.
Roberts, Charles H. (2003). Race over Grace: The Racialist Religion of the Christian Identity Movement, Omaha, Nebraska: iUniverse Press. .
External links
FBI backgrounder on Christian Identity
British Israelism
Groups claiming Israelite descent
Late modern Christian antisemitism
Nordicism
Pseudohistory
White supremacist groups in the United States |
117946 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson%2C%20Michigan | Hudson, Michigan | Hudson is a city in Lenawee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,415 at the 2020 census. The city is mostly surrounded by Hudson Township, but the two are administered autonomously.
History
Hudson was named for Dr. Daniel Hudson, an original landowner. The city's motto is "Small Town Big Heart."
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and is water.
Major highways
runs through downtown Hudson.
intersects M-34 on the western border.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,307 people, 861 households, and 599 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 1,019 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 96.2% White, 0.7% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.2% of the population.
There were 861 households, of which 40.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.7% were married couples living together, 15.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.4% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.16.
The median age in the city was 33.4 years. 29.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.7% were from 25 to 44; 25% were from 45 to 64; and 10.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.0% male and 51.0% female.
2000 census
In 2000 the population density was . There were 1,019 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 96.28% White, 0.32% African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.64% Asian, 0.84% from other races, and 1.72% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.16% of the population.
There were 929 households, out of which 38.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.6% were married couples living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.9% were non-families. 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.15.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.7% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 30.8% from 25 to 44, 19.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $41,122, and the median income for a family was $43,011. Males had a median income of $32,946 versus $23,679 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,340. About 4.9% of families and 8.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.2% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.
Media
Newspaper
Hudson Post-Gazette
Radio
WKMH 102.5FM
Notable people
Will Carleton, poet
Bessie Boies Cotton, YMCA worker in Russia 1917-1919
Edna Boies Hopkins, artist
References
External links
Official site
Cities in Lenawee County, Michigan
Populated places established in 1833
1833 establishments in Michigan Territory |
71369011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex%20Espinoza%20%28writer%29 | Alex Espinoza (writer) | Alex Espinoza is an American writer and educator, living in Los Angeles. He has written the novels Still Water Saints (2007) and The Five Acts of Diego León (2013), as well as Cruising: An Intimate History of a Radical Pastime (2019).
Life and work
Espinoza was born in Tijuana, Mexico and moved with his family to the United States at age two, growing up in suburban Los Angeles. He graduated from the University of California, Riverside, and earned an MFA from the University of California, Irvine's Program in Writing.
He teaches at the University of California, Riverside where he serves as the Tomás Rivera Endowed Chair of Creative Writing, and lives in Los Angeles.
Publications
Still Water Saints, published in Spanish as "Los Santos de Agua Mansa, California" (Random House, 2007)
The Five Acts of Diego León (Random House, 2013)
Cruising: An Intimate History of a Radical Pastime (Unnamed, 2019)
Awards
2014: American Book Award from the Before Columbus Foundation for The Five Acts of Diego León
2014: Fellowship in Prose from the National Endowment for the Arts
2019: MacDowell fellowship
References
External links
21st-century American male writers
Mexican gay writers
21st-century Mexican LGBT people
American gay writers
American writers with disabilities
Educators with disabilities
People from Tijuana
University of California, Riverside faculty
University of California, Riverside alumni
University of California, Irvine alumni
MacDowell Colony fellows
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people |
3984417 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioimmunotherapy | Radioimmunotherapy | Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) uses an antibody labeled with a radionuclide to deliver cytotoxic radiation to a target cell. It is a form of unsealed source radiotherapy. In cancer therapy, an antibody with specificity for a tumor-associated antigen is used to deliver a lethal dose of radiation to the tumor cells. The ability for the antibody to specifically bind to a tumor-associated antigen increases the dose delivered to the tumor cells while decreasing the dose to normal tissues. By its nature, RIT requires a tumor cell to express an antigen that is unique to the neoplasm or is not accessible in normal cells.
History of available agents
131I tositumomab and 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan were the first agents of radioimmunotherapy, and they were approved for the treatment of refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This means they are used in patients whose lymphoma is refractory to conventional chemotherapy and the monoclonal antibody rituximab.
Agents in clinical development
A set of radioimmunotherapy drugs that rely upon an alpha-emitting isotope (e.g., bismuth-213 or, preferably, actinium-225), rather than a beta emitter, as the killing source of radiation is being developed. Several phase II clinical trials for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia have been carried out using alpha-emitting RITs.
90Y-FF-21101 is a monoclonal antibody against P-cadherin radiolabeled with yttrium-90. It is one of several RIT treatments under investigation intending to treat solid tumors. A phase I clinical trial began in 2015.
Other applications (non-approved indications)
Other types of cancer for which RIT has therapeutic potential include prostate cancer, metastatic melanoma, ovarian cancer, neoplastic meningitis, leukemia, high-grade brain glioma, and metastatic colorectal cancer.
Components of the extracellular matrix and the tumor microenvironment can also be targeted by radioimmunotherapy, such as Netrin-1 (an axon guidance protein) and FAP (a marker for cancer associated fibroblasts).
References
External links
Radioimmunotherapy.org
Radiation therapy |
64749718 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe%20Albuquerque | Felipe Albuquerque | Felipe Albuquerque Felippi (born 27 September 1999), commonly known as Felipe Albuquerque, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Campeonato Brasileiro Série B club Chapecoense.
Club career
Grêmio
Born in Nova Andradina, Mato Grosso do Sul, Felipe Albuquerque joined the Grêmio's Academy at the age of 14 in 2014.
Career statistics
Club
Honours
Grêmio
Copa CONMEBOL Libertadores: 2017
CONMEBOL Recopa Sudamericana: 2018
Campeonato Gaúcho: 2018, 2019, 2020, 2022
References
External links
Profile at the Grêmio F.B.P.A. website
1999 births
Living people
Footballers from Mato Grosso do Sul
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense players
Grêmio Esportivo Brasil players
Associação Atlética Ponte Preta players
Grêmio Novorizontino players
Associação Chapecoense de Futebol players
People from Nova Andradina |
63673141 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavlos%20Vasiliou | Pavlos Vasiliou | Pavlos Vasiliou (; born 28 December 1940) is a Cypriot-Greek former footballer who played as a midfielder and appeared for both the Greece and Cyprus national teams.
Career
Vasiliou made his international debut for the Greece national team on 29 November 1964 in a 1966 World Cup qualifying match against Denmark, which finished as a 4–2 win in Athens. He made seven appearances in total for the team, earning his final cap for Greece on 8 March 1967 in a friendly against Romania, which finished as a 1–2 loss in Athens. He later represented his native Cyprus, making his first appearance on 15 November 1970 in a UEFA Euro 1972 qualifying match against the Soviet Union, which finished as a 1–3 loss in Nicosia. He was capped eight times for Cyprus, making his final appearance on 10 May 1972 in a 1974 World Cup qualifying match against Portugal, which finished as a 0–1 loss in Nicosia.
Career statistics
International
References
External links
1940 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Larnaca
Greek men's footballers
Greece men's international footballers
Cypriot men's footballers
Cyprus men's international footballers
Dual men's international footballers
Men's association football midfielders
EPA Larnaca FC players
Olympiacos F.C. players
Cypriot First Division players
Super League Greece players |
1934301 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maynard%20operation%20sequence%20technique | Maynard operation sequence technique | Maynard operation sequence technique (MOST) is a predetermined motion time system that is used primarily in industrial settings to set the standard time in which a worker should perform a task. To calculate this, a task is broken down into individual motion elements, and each is assigned a numerical time value in units known as time measurement units, or TMUs, where 100,000 TMUs is equivalent to one hour. All the motion element times are then added together and any allowances are added, and the result is the standard time. It is more common in Asia whereas the original and more sophisticated Methods Time Measurement technique, better known as MTM, is a global standard.
The most commonly used form of MOST is BasicMOST, which was released in Sweden in 1972 and in the United States in 1974. Two other variations were released in 1980, called MiniMOST and MaxiMOST. The difference between the three is their level of focus—the motions recorded in BasicMOST are on the level of tens of TMUs, while MiniMOST uses individual TMUs and MaxiMOST uses hundreds of TMUs. This allows for a variety of applications—MiniMOST is commonly used for short (less than about a minute), repetitive cycles, and MaxiMOST for longer (more than several minutes), non-repetitive operations. BasicMost is in the position between them, and can be used accurately for operations ranging from less than a minute to about ten minutes.
Another variation of MOST is known as AdminMOST. Originally developed and released under the name ClericalMOST in the 1970s, it was recently updated to include modern administrative tasks and renamed. It is on the same level of focus as BasicMOST.
Up until 16bit programs stopped working with Windows, it was possible to use AutoMOST. AutoMOST was a knowledge based system employing decision trees. Developers created logic trees. These trees could then be used by non IE trained operators to generate Standard Times. The user answered a series of logic questions to route the logic and made inputs (number of parts fitted etc.). As they made their way through the tree, based on their route and inputs, AutoMOST would be gathering sub operation data to collate into the final time for the activity being measured. AutoMOST was able to pull in sub operation data from any of the base versions of MOST (Mini, Maxi or Basic)
References
Zandin, Kjell B (2003). MOST Work Measurement Systems. New York City: Marcel Dekker.
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20091011105119/http://www.iiie-pune.com/most.htm
http://faculty.kfupm.edu.sa/SE/atahir/SE%20323/Chapter-10-Predetermined-Motion-Time-Systems.ppt
http://www.hpcnet.org/upload/directory/materials/7210_20050926134822.ppt
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/296443715_MOST_-_Advanced_Work_Measurement_Technique
Industrial engineering |
68170458 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruben%20Hernandez%20%28jockey%29 | Ruben Hernandez (jockey) | Ruben Hernandez (born November 21, 1950 in Panama City, Panama) is a retired Thoroughbred racing jockey best known for winning the 1979 Belmont Stakes aboard Coastal in which he defeated that year's Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes winner Spectacular Bid thereby denying him the coveted U.S. Triple Crown.
Racing career
The start
Ruben Hernandez began riding Thoroughbreds in his native Panama at the Hipódromo Presidente Remón in Panama City where he would win 1,412 races before emigrating to the United States. There, he would initially race at tracks in Florida, getting his first significant win at Hialeah Park in the April 3, 1974 Palm Beach Handicap, a race he would win again in 1975.
George Steinbrenner and a jockey's initiative
Overall, Ruben Hernandez enjoyed some success during his first four years racing in the United States. However, a game-changing win came in 1977 through a belief in himself that he could compete with the very best and he paid out of his own pocket the costs to travel from Florida to California with a purpose. There, he approached John Fulton, trainer for the Kinsman Stable owned by the notoriously hard-hearted owner of the New York Yankees baseball team, George Steinbrenner, and asked to ride their colt in the prestigious Grade 1 Santa Anita Derby to be run March 27. The admiration the action of Fernandez engendered from Steinbrenner was reported by The Washington Post, quoting him as saying "how many kids would do that, pay their own money to go from Florida to the Coast on a chance he could get work?" and adding, "I've got to stick with that kind of boy." Fernandez finished a very credible third on Steinbrenner's longshot colt Steve's Friend which paid bettors $16 to show.
On April 17, Ruben Hernandez and Steve's Friend gave Steinbrenner his biggest victory in racing when they won the Grade 1 Hollywood Derby. Sent off as a 34-1 longshot, Hernandez guided Steve's Friend to a 3/4 length come-from-behind victory over Affiliate and 3 1/2 lengths ahead of third-place finisher Habitony who had won the Santa Anita Derby. Steve's Friend won in a stakes record time of 1:47 4-5 for the 1-1/8 miles on dirt.
Returning East, Steve's Friend with Hernandez in the saddle again, ran fifth in the 1977 Kentucky Derby in what would be Seattle Slew's 1977 U.S. Triple Crown year.
The following year Ruben Hernandez rode from a base in New York state where he won numerous top level stakes. He ended 1978 with 172 wins from 992 starts for a 17% winning rate. He also traveled to Puerto Rico to ride and win with the Mexican horse Ezgarta in the Clásico Internacional del Caribe. A prestigious annual race for three-year-old horses hosted by one of the various Caribbean racetracks, the December 10, 1978 Clásico was run at Hippodromo El Nuevo Comandante.
Winning the Belmont
In 1979, three-year-old Coastal did not run in the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes having only made his first start in late April as a result of a serious eye injury which had cut short his racing at age two. Prior to entering the 1-1/2 mile Belmont Stakes, Coastal had raced only three times that year. He won all three under Ruben Hernandez but at short distances of six then seven furlongs followed by the Peter Pan Stakes at a 1-1/8 miles. At the 1-1/4 mile point in the Belmont, Spectacular Bid was leading the eight-horse field by three lengths over Kentucky Derby runner-up General Assembly who was followed by the Louisiana and Arkansas Derby winner and Preakness runner-up, Golden Act. Coastal was sitting in fourth place and made his move, passing those three horses to take the lead at the top of the stretch. At the end, Coastal won by 3-1/4 lengths over Golden Act with Spectacular Bid third.
For 1979, Hernandez would earn what would be a career-high 209 wins from 1,129 starts for a winning rate of 19%.
A very capable rider
In a 1981 Washington Post story by Andrew Beyer about Noble Nashua winning the prestigious Marlboro Cup, the widely respected writer and developer of the Beyer Speed Figure wrote that winning jockey Ruben Hernandez had "made some of the best riders in America look like woeful incompetents."
During his career Hernandez won riding titles on racetracks in New York state and Florida.
Ruben Hernandez rode for the last time on November 22, 1997 at Calder Race Course in Miami Gardens, Florida.
References
1950 births
Living people
Panamanian jockeys
American jockeys
Sportspeople from Panama City
Panamanian emigrants to the United States |
34245875 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20de%20la%20Cruz%20Donoso | Juan de la Cruz Donoso | Juan de la Cruz Donoso Cienfuegos (1805–1859) was a Chilean politician and journalist. He was born in Talca, in 1805. He died in the same city in 1859. He was the son of Don José Antonio Donoso and Arcaya and Maria Dolores Arteaga Cienfuegos. He was married to Rosa Fantóbal Donoso.
Education and early career
He studied in parochial schools in Talca, then later dedicated himself to self-taught courses in journalism. He was one of the forerunners of journalism in his hometown, when he founded the newspaper "The Alpha" in 1844.
He later headed several other newspaperswhile maintaining control of the first talquino newspaper.
Political career
He joined the Conservative Party, for which he was elected deputy of Curicó and Santa Cruz in two consecutive periods (1855-1861), integrating in this period, the Standing Committee on Petitions Ratings.
When he died he had already made a great fortune, being the owner of farms such as "Chocoa" and "Huaipillo", on the latter of which he lived until his death.
References
1805 births
1859 deaths
Members of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile
People from Talca |
18906507 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20P.%20Bolger | Daniel P. Bolger | Daniel P. Bolger is an American author, historian, and retired a lieutenant general of the United States Army. He held a special faculty appointment in the Department of History at North Carolina State University, where he taught military history until his retirement in 2023.
Bolger retired from the army in 2013. During his 35 years of service, he earned five Bronze Star Medals (one for valor) and the Combat Action Badge. His notable military commands included serving as Commanding General of the Combined Security Transition Command in Afghanistan and Commander of the NATO Training Mission in Afghanistan (2011–2013); Commanding General of the 1st Cavalry Division at Fort Hood, Texas (deployed to Baghdad, 2009–2010); the Coalition Military Assistance Training Team in Iraq (2005–06); and U.S. Army Assistant Chief of Staff for Operations. He is also the author of books, such as Why We Lost, Americans at War, The Battle for Hunger Hill, Death Ground, and The Panzer Killers.
Military career
Bolger graduated from The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina in 1978. Upon graduation he was commissioned an Infantry officer in the United States Army. His initial assignment was to C Company, 2nd Battalion, 34th Infantry Regiment, 24th Infantry Division. He served as a weapons platoon leader, Executive Officer of B Company and later on as B Rifle company commander. Bolger served as an Instructor and Assistant Professor in the Department of History of the United States Military Academy from 1986–89, he subsequently was assigned as the S-3 (Operations Officer) of the 1st Battalion (Mechanized), 5th Infantry, 2nd Infantry Division in Korea. Later on he served as the Assistant G-3 (Operations) of the 101st Airborne Division at Fort Campbell, Kentucky. In 1994 Bolger commanded the 1st Battalion, 327th Infantry, 101st Airborne Division, and afterwards served as the G-3 (Operations) of the 101st Airborne Division. In 1998 he commanded the 2nd Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division in Korea. Afterwards he served at the U.S. Joint Forces Command in Norfolk, Virginia. In 2002 Bolger served as the Chief of Staff of the 2nd Infantry Division, and later on as the Assistant Division Commander (Support) of the 101st Airborne Division. In 2005 Bolger served as the deputy commander of the Multi-National Corps-Iraq, and later on as the Commander of the Coalition Military Assistance Training Team. In 2006 he commanded the Joint Readiness Training Center at Fort Polk, and afterwards he served as the commander of 1st Cavalry Division in Iraq. In 2010 he was appointed as the Deputy Chief of Staff, G-3/5/7, U.S. Army. In 2011 he was appointed as the commander of the combined Security Transition Command in Afghanistan as the Commander of NATO's Training Mission there. He retired from the Army in 2013.
Education
Bachelor of Arts in History, The Citadel in Charleston, South Carolina
M.A. in Russian History and Ph.D. in Military History from the University of Chicago. see http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/Articles/1988/1988%20bolger.pdf]from the University of Chicago in Chicago, Illinois
Graduate of the U.S. Army Command & General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
Graduate, U.S. Army War College at Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania, 1998
Awards and decorations
During his military service he was awarded: Defense Superior Service Medal, four awards of the Legion of Merit, the Bronze Star Medal with Valor, three awards of the Bronze Star, four awards of the Meritorious Service Medal, three awards of the Army Commendation Medal, and two awards of the Army Achievement Medal. He has also earned the Joint Chiefs of Staff Identification Badge and the Army Staff Identification Badge. He has also earned the Combat Action Badge, the Parachutist Badge and the Air Assault Badge. He was awarded the Centurion Level of the Order of Saint Maurice in 2000.
Bibliography
Why We Lost: A General's Inside Account of the Iraq and Afghanistan Wars (). Reviewed by Carter Malkasian at
Dragons at War: Land Battles in the Desert ()
Americans at War 1975–1986: An Era of Violent Peace ()
Savage Peace: Americans at War in the 1990s ()
The Battle for Hunger Hill: The 1st Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment at the Joint Readiness Training Center ()
Feast of Bones ()
Death Ground: Today's American Infantry in Battle ()
Scenes from an Unfinished War: Low-Intensity Conflict in Korea, 1966–1969 ()
Leavenworth Papers Number 19: Scenes from Unfinished War ()
Reluctant Allies: The United States Army Air Force and the Soviet Voenno Vozdushnie Sily 1941–1945 (Doctoral Dissertation)
What Happened at Khafji: Learning the Wrong Lesson (US Army War College strategic research project)
References
External links
Fort Hood CG
Daniel Bolger, Commitment Issues, February 2015
1957 births
Living people
United States Army generals
American male writers
United States Army Command and General Staff College alumni
University of Chicago alumni
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Order of Saint Maurice |
2399825 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavita%20Krishnamurti | Kavita Krishnamurti | Sharada Krishnamurthy, popularly known as Kavita Krishnamurthy or Kavita Subramaniam, is an Indian playback and classical singer. She has recorded songs in various Indian languages including Hindi, Bengali, Kannada, Rajasthani, Bhojpuri, Telugu, Odia, Marathi, English, Urdu, Tamil, Malayalam, Gujarati, Nepali, Assamese, Konkani, Punjabi and other languages. She is the recipient of four Filmfare Best Female Playback Singer Awards (winning consecutively during 1995–1997), and the Padmashri which she received in 2005. She was awarded a Doctorate (Honoris Causa) for her contributions to Indian music by Bangalore-based Jain University in 2015. In 1999, she married noted violinist L. Subramaniam and resides in Bengaluru.
Early life
Born as Sharada into a Tamil Iyer family in New Delhi to T. S. Krishnamurthy, an employee of the Education Ministry. She began her musical training at the insistence of her aunt, Protima Bhattacharya who enrolled her to train under Surama Basu, where she was taught Rabindra Sangeet. She began her formal training in Hindustani classical music under the guidance of Balram Puri, a classical singer. At the age of eight, Kavita won a gold medal at a music competition. She won several medals participating in the Inter-Ministry Classical Competition in New Delhi in the mid-1960s.
Career
During her college days at St. Xavier College, Mumbai, she got an opportunity to record a song in the Bengali film Shriman Prithviraj in 1971 with Lata Mangeshkar as co-singer under the auspices of the music composer and singer Hemant Kumar. Although the young Sharada aspired to work in Indian Foreign Services, she moved to Bombay when she was 14 to try her luck as a playback singer in the Hindi film industry.
She is an alumnus of St. Xavier's College, Bombay from where she did her BA Honors Economics. She was very active in St. Xavier's music group. During the annual college festival (Malhar), she met Ranu Mukherjee, the daughter of Hemant Kumar. Ranu took the initiative of reintroducing Kavita to her father, who began using her as a singer during his live performances. At one such performance, playback singer Manna Dey spotted her and employed her to sing advertisement jingles. Through her aunt's contacts, she met Jaya Chakravarthy, the mother of actress Hema Malini, who later introduced Kavita to the music director Laxmikant (one of the composer duo Laxmikant–Pyarelal) in late 1976. A recent interview covers a pretty good summary of her musical journey.
Playback singing
She recorded her first song under Vilayat Khan's composition in Kadambari (1976). The song was entitled Aayega Aanewala (a remake of Mahal's (1949) superhit song sung by Lata Mangeshkar) and was picturised on Shabana Azmi. Laxmikant gave her an opportunity to work as a dubbing artist. Initially, she recorded songs and cut demos of songs intended for singers like Lata Mangeshkar and Asha Bhosle.
In 1978, she first sang the Kannada song "Ondanondu kaaladaga" in the film Ondanondu Kaladalli (Once upon a time) directed by Girish Karnad. The song was penned by the Jnanpit awardee Chandrashekhara Kambara and the music by Bhaskar Chandavarkar. Being the only song in the entire movie, "Ondanondu kaladaga" with its folk touch, became a hit and earned fame for Kavita Krishnamurti. Then she went on to sing many Kannada-language songs.
In 1980, she sang "Kaahe Ko Byaahi" in Maang Bharo Sajana (1980), which featured her singing in her own voice, although the song was dropped from the final cut of the film. In 1985, her career took off with her first major hit, "Tumse Milkar Na Jaane Kyon" from the Hindi film Pyaar Jhukta Nahin (1985) - Tumse milkar. Na Jaane kyun. Following the success of the song, it opened up opportunities beyond the Laxmikant–Pyarelal camp. However, "Hawa Hawaii" and "Karte Hain Hum Pyaar Mr. India Se", two popular songs from the equally popular movie Mr. India (1986) - Karte Hain Hum Pyaar Mr. India se, proved to be a turning point in her career. The songs were composed by music composers Laxmikant-Pyarelal, the latter being a duet with Kishore Kumar and lip-synced on screen by an actress Sridevi. Her collaboration with Laxmikant-Pyarelal produced several hits.
The 1990s thrust Kavita into being known as one of the leading female playback singers. Her performance as a singer in the film 1942: A Love Story, composed by R. D. Burman, won her much popular acclaim. With a string of hits from 1942: A Love Story, Yaraana, Agni Sakshi, Bhairavi, and Khamoshi, Kavita established herself as a leading female playback singer, alongside Alka Yagnik. She went on to work with several music directors of the 1990s Hindi films, such as Bappi Lahiri, Anand–Milind, A. R. Rahman, Rajesh Roshan, Raamlaxman, Ismail Darbar, Himesh Reshammiya, Aadesh Shrivastava, Nadeem-Shravan, Jatin–Lalit, Viju Shah and Anu Malik. Her work with A. R. Rahman and Ismail Darbar remain some of the most critically acclaimed renditions of the last two decades. During her stint as a playback singer, she sang duets with the leading male singers of her time. Early in her career, she sang duets with Kishore Kumar, Mohammed Rafi, and Shailendra Singh. Her most prolific work was with the leading singers of the 1990s: Amit Kumar, Mohammad Aziz, Udit Narayan, Kumar Sanu, and Abhijeet Bhattacharya. She has also sung with younger singers in the 2000s such as Sonu Nigam, Shaan, and Babul Supriyo. Her female duets mostly have been with Alka Yagnik, Anuradha Paudwal and Sadhana Sargam with a few duets also with Lata Mangeshkar and Asha Bhonsle.
During the 90s and early 2000s, Kavita alongside Alka Yagnik sang mostly for leading ladies.
As she actively started exploring fusion music, Kavita traveled around the world, including the US, UK, UAE, Europe, Africa, Australia, East Asia, the Middle East, and South America. She has performed in concert halls including Royal Albert Hall in London, The Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C., Madison Square Garden, The Lincoln Center in New York City, the Zhongshan Music Hall in Beijing, The Esplanade in Singapore, The Putra Jaya World Trade Centre in Kuala Lumpur, and Gewandhaus Leipzigm.
Although primarily a playback singer, Kavita has sung with orchestras as a soloist; she has collaborated with Western artists from jazz, pop and classical fields. She has lent her voice for many albums. As a playback singer, Kavita has performed throughout India. In 2014, she also sang "Koi Chahat Koi Hasrat" for the album Women's Day Special: Spreading Melodies Everywhere. It was composed by Nayab Raja and penned by Dipti Mishra.
In Kannada
Kavita's playback singing career started with Kannada-language films. Her first film song was in the Kannada film Ondanondu kaladalli (1978) with the same title. She sang many hit songs in Kannada since then. Songs such as "Bareyada mounada Kavithe" (Sparsha), "Hoove Hoove" (H2O), "Endo Kanda kanasu" (Lankesh Patrike), "O Malle o dumbi" ('Naga Devate'), "Artha madkolo" (Shishya), "Kaveri Kaveri" (Raja Huli), and many more hit songs made her a household name in Karnataka.
Pop and devotional singing
Due to her participation in fusion and pop music, Kavita has lent her voice to several pop and devotional albums. The most prominent ones being:
Bhalobasi
Shiv Baba ko Yaad Kar
Dujone Dekha Holo
Together Tagore
Premer Neshay
Mohe Raam Dhun Laagi
Bhajan Stuti
Aadi Ganesh
Venkatesha Suprabhatam
Shiva Shlokas
Koi Akela Kahan
Meera Ka Ram
Mahalakshmi Stotram
Pop Time
Sai Ka Vardaan
Shagufthagi
Dil Ki Awaaz
Hasratein
Athens
Asmita
Mahiya
Television appearances
Kavita Subramaniam made many appearances in various music reality shows as a guest judge because of her popularity as a playback singer. She recently was a judge for Bharat Ki Shaan: Singing Star (Season 1), which aired on DD National at prime time. She also appeared in Vijay TV Airtel Super Singer and Star Jalsha Super Singer.
She has also sung for serials like Alif Laila {1980} DD National, Mahabharat, Ramayan (1986), Shri Krishna, and Ramayan (2008), Kavita Krishnamurthy At Know In 2017 Special Juries and Judge UAE Singers of Student, The Give as Prices 5,000 Dinar In Winner.
She also appeared in Rising Star Season 2, which was broadcast on Colors TV on 4 March 2018 as a guest.
Personal life
Kavita Krishnamurti married L. Subramaniam in Bengaluru, Karnataka on 11 November 1999.
Subramaniam has four children from his previous marriage. His eldest daughter Gingger Shankar is a singer, composer, and multi-instrumentalist, while his second eldest, Bindu Subramaniam is a law graduate and singer-songwriter. Narayana is a doctor, while the youngest, Ambi Subramaniam, is an accomplished violinist.
Kavita and her husband opened a musical institute, the Subramaniam Academy of Performing Arts, in Bengaluru in 2007. In March 2013, she launched her own app.
Discography
Awards and nominations
2015 - Honorary Doctorate from Jain University, Bangalore
2000 - Accolades for her include the “Best Singer of the Millennium” award at the Stardust Millennium 2000 Awards
Civilian Awards
2005 – Padma Shri – India's fourth-highest civilian honors
Filmfare Awards
2003 – Best Female Playback Singer (shared with Shreya Ghoshal) – "Dola Re Dola" (Devdas)
1997 – Best Female Playback Singer – "Aaj Main Upar" (Khamoshi: The Musical)
1996 – Best Female Playback Singer – "Mera Piya Ghar Aaya" (Yaraana)
1995 – Best Female Playback Singer – "Pyaar Hua Chupke Se" (1942: A Love Story)
State Awards
2000 - Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer - for the songs in the movie Sawai Hawaldar.
Star Screen Awards
1997 – Best Female Playback Singer – "Aaj Main Upar" (Khamoshi: The Musical)
2000 – Best Female Playback Singer – "Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam" (Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam)
Zee Cine Awards
2003 – Best Female Playback Singer (shared with Shreya Ghoshal) – "Dola Re" (Devdas)
2000 – Best Female Playback Singer – "Nimbooda" (Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam)
IIFA Awards
2001 - Best Female Playback Singer - "Aey Dil laya Hai Bahar" (Kya Kehna)
2003 – Best Female Playback Singer (shared with Shreya Ghoshal) – "Dola Re Dola" (Devdas)
ITA Awards
2008 - Best Female Playback Singer (Durga Puja).
GIMA Awards
2010 - Best Female Playback Singer (Best Fusion Album).
MMA Awards
2021 - Jury Prize (Album Of The Decade / Rockstar 2011).
Other Awards
Prafulla Kar Samman (2018) Odia Film Industry.
Muhammad Rafi Award (2021).
‘Phonomenal That's Me’'' award for her contribution to the Kannada film industry (2014)
Swaralaya Yesudas Award (2008) by Swaralaya, for exceptional contribution to Indian music.
Kishore Kumar Journalists'/Critics' Award in Calcutta (2002)
Lion's / Club Bollywood Award, held in New York (2000) At The Same year (2002)
Shri Ravindra Jain Sangeet Samman (2012)
Lata Mangeshkar Award from the Govt. of Madhya Pradesh (2005)
See also
L. Subramaniam
Girish Karnad
Padmavati Rao
Prabhat Samgiita
List of Indian playback singers
References
External links
L. Subramaniam and Kavita S.
Artist: Kavita Krishnamurthy on Google Music
Kavita Krishnamurthy's Tribute To Jagjit Singh
Living people
Assamese playback singers
Bollywood playback singers
Kannada playback singers
Tamil playback singers
Telugu playback singers
Indian women playback singers
Bengali singers
Nepali-language singers from India
Marathi playback singers
Marathi-language singers
Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts
Musicians from New Delhi
Indian folk-pop singers
Women musicians from Delhi
Singers from Delhi
Filmfare Awards winners
Screen Awards winners
Zee Cine Awards winners
International Indian Film Academy Awards winners
20th-century Indian women singers
20th-century Indian singers
21st-century Indian women singers
21st-century Indian singers
Year of birth missing (living people) |
71503284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French%20submarine%20Le%20Tonnant%20%28Q172%29 | French submarine Le Tonnant (Q172) | Le Tonnant was a French Navy of the M6 series commissioned in 1937. She participated in World War II, first on the side of the Allies from 1939 to June 1940, then in the navy of Vichy France. She was scuttled in November 1942.
Characteristics
Le Tonnant was part of a fairly homogeneous series of 31 deep-sea patrol submarines also called "1,500-tonners" because of their displacement. All entered service between 1931 and 1939.
The Redoutable-class submarines were long and in beam and had a draft of . They could dive to a depth of . They displaced on the surface and underwater. Propelled on the surface by two diesel engines producing a combined , they had a maximum speed of . When submerged, their two electric motors produced a combined and allowed them to reach . Also called "deep-cruising submarines", their range on the surface was at . Underwater, they could travel at .
Construction and commissioning
Laid down at Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée in La Seyne-sur-Mer, France, on 10 January 1931 with the hull number Q172, Le Tonnant was launched on 15 December 1934. She was commissioned on 1 June 1937.
Service history
1937–1939
In 1937, the French Navy decided that Le Tonnant and her sister ship would make an extended cruise to Southeast Asia to test the endurance of French submariners and their equipment. Prior to their departure, an incident occurred on board Le Tonnant while she was conducting diesel engine tests at La Seyne-sur-Mer in which two members of her crew plotted to seize control of her and deliver her to the Spanish Republican Navy for service in the Spanish Civil War. Their attempt to take control of Le Tonnant failed and the two ringleaders were imprisoned.
Le Tonnant made her endurance cruise to Southeast Asia in 1938, and from 1 April 1938 she was based in French Indochina, where Le Conquérant joined her in May 1938. Their stay in French Indochina ended in October 1938 and they returned to Toulon, France, which they both reached on 15 December 1938.
World War II
French Navy
At the start of World War II in September 1939, Le Tonnant was assigned to the 1st Submarine Division of the 3rd Submarine Squadron of the 1st Flotilla of the 2nd Squadron based at Toulon. Her sister ships Le Conquérant, , and made up the rest of the division. In December 1939 she deployed first to Oran in Algeria and then to Casablanca in French Morocco, from which she patrolled off the Canary Islands.
In February 1940, Le Tonnant deployed to Dakar in Senegal and then to Freetown in Sierra Leone. On 29 February 1940 she got underway from Freetown with Le Glorieux and the British Royal Navy destroyers and for antisubmarine warfare exercises, which took place northwest of Freetown on 1 March 1940.
In March 1940, Le Tonnant and Le Glorieux participated in a search for a disabled British cargo ship, , which had suffered machinery damage. On 11 April 1940, Le Tonnant, Le Glorieux, and Le Conquérant took part in exercises off Dakar with the Royal Navy destroyer . Later in April, Le Tonnant moved to Casablanca, then to Oran.
German ground forces advanced into France, beginning the Battle of France, on 10 May 1940, and that month Le Tonnant moved to Bizerte in Tunisia. Italy declared war on France on 10 June 1940 and joined the invasion, and that day Le Tonnant departed Bizerte to patrol off Cap Bon on the coast of Tunisia. From 20 June she patrolled off Les Salins d'Hyères to protect Toulon. On 24 June, she and her sister ships and were sent to patrol south of Sardinia. The Battle of France ended in France's defeat and an armistice with Germany and Italy that went into effect on 25 June 1940, interrupting their patrols off Sardinia.
Vichy France
After France's surrender, Le Tonnant served in the naval forces of Vichy France, initially in the 1st Submarine Division at Toulon with Le Conquérant, Le Héros, and Le Glorieux. On 17 August 1940, she was disarmed and defueled at Toulon in accordance with the terms of the 1940 armistice.
Le Tonnant was rearmed on 8 April 1941 and subsequently deployed to Casablanca in July 1941 and to Dakar in November 1941. By August or September 1942, according to different sources, she was operating from Casablanca along with Le Conquérant. As of 1 November 1942, she was part of the 4th Submarine Division at Casablanca with Le Conquérant, soon joined by their sister ship . On 6 November 1942, she was floated out of drydock at Casablanca after a minor refit.
On 8 November 1942, Allied forces landed in French North Africa in Operation Torch and the Naval Battle of Casablanca began between United States Navy and Vichy French forces. At 06:15, the U.S. Navy aircraft carrier and escort aircraft carrier launched an airstrike against Casablanca, and SBD Dauntless dive bombers and TBF Avenger torpedo bombers armed with bombs began attacking targets in the harbor at 07:10. One of the first bombs to fall killed Le Tonnant′s commanding officer. Her executive officer took command, and at 07:30 she got underway under machine-gun fire, suffering two killed and 19 wounded. After she returned to port, she disembarked her dead and wounded and again put to sea with a partial crew — three officers and 32 enlisted men, seven of whom were wounded — to conduct dive trials, which revealed that seven of her ballast tanks and a hold had been punctured. She again returned to Casablanca for repairs and to disembark her seven wounded personnel.
After embarking 10 volunteers from other submarines — nine of them from the submarine — to flesh out her crew, Le Tonnant got underway at 18:35 on 8 November 1942 with only four torpedoes aboard in an attempt to reach Toulon or a neutral port or, if she failed in that, to scuttle herself to avoid capture. Heading north along the coast of French Morocco, she passed El Hank and Fedala between 9 and 10 November 1942. then headed back toward Casablanca. At 08:50 on 10 November, she detected a United States Navy task force north of Casablanca and launched all four of her torpedoes at Ranger, which avoided them. Ranger′s escorts counterattacked and subjected her to a depth-charging, but inflicted no damage on her. At 12:25, a U.S. Navy PBY Catalina bombed and damaged her.
Unable to return to Casablanca, Le Tonnant proceeded to Cádiz in neutral Spain, arriving there on 14 November 1942. Deciding that Le Tonnant could not make it to Toulon, her executive officer, still in command, decided to scuttle her. After disembarking 45 crew members at Cádiz, Le Tonnant got underway with a skeleton crew on board consisting of her executive officer and five others. After she reached the open sea, her executive officer opened her seacocks at 12:02 on 15 November 1942 and Le Tonnant sank. All six men on board abandoned ship, and a Spanish trawler rescued them.
References
Citations
Bibliography
Redoutable-class submarines (1928)
1934 ships
Ships built in France
World War II submarines of France
Maritime incidents in November 1942
Scuttled vessels
Lost submarines of France
World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean |
264020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimitrie%20Sturdza | Dimitrie Sturdza | Dimitrie Sturdza (, in full Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza-Miclăușanu; 10 March 183321 October 1914) was a Romanian statesman and author of the late 19th century, and president of the Romanian Academy between 1882 and 1884.
Biography
Born in Iași, Moldavia, and was educated there at the Academia Mihăileană. He continued his studies in Germany at Munich, Göttingen, Bonn, and Berlin. He took part in the political movements of the time.
Sturdza was private secretary to Prince Alexander John Cuza. He afterwards turned against the increasingly unsanctioned rule of Cuza: He became Minister of Public Instruction in 1859, and was one of the most zealous promoters of the overthrow of Cuza. In 1866, he joined Ion Brătianu and others in the deposition of Cuza, and the election of Prince Charles of Hohenzollern (later Carol I of Romania). He became a member of the Liberal government. In the cabinet of Bratianu, 1876–88, he repeatedly held ministerial posts.
In 1892 he was elected leader of the National Liberal Party in succession to Brătianu, and was four times Prime Minister. For his last time in office, in 1907, Sturdza was called by King Carol I to handle the crisis created by the peasants' revolt of March. Although noted for his capacity for work, he was also a nationalist, resentful of "aliens" (in line with the anti-Jewish policies of his party), and supported blocking non-Romanians from a large number of social positions. Sturdza was a notorious antisemite, supporting measures such as the expulsion of Romanian Jews, and he was known for his opposition towards the naturalization of the Jews in Romania. He is responsible for the exile of Romanian Jewish intellectuals Moses Gaster and Lazăr Şăineanu.
He was appointed permanent secretary of the Romanian Academy, and became a recognized authority on Romanian numismatics. As secretary of the academy he was instrumental in assisting the publication of the collections of historic documents made by Constantin Hurmuzachi (30 vols., Bucharest, 1876–1897), and other acts and documents besides a number of minor political pamphlets of transitory value.
His son , by then a Colonel in the Romanian Army, defected to the Germans in 1916, during the World War I.
Works
La Marche progressive de la Russie sur le Danube (1878)
Uebersicht der Münzen und Medaillen des Fürstentums Rumänien (1874)
Europa, Russia, Romania (1888)
La question des portes de fer et des cataractes du Danube (1899)
Charles I., roi de Roumanie (1899 et seq.)
Otu, Petre, Georgescu, Maria: Durchleuchtung eines Verrats. Der Fall des Oberst Alexandru D. Sturdza. Lektor Verlag. Hainburg. 2022.
See also
Sturdza family
Notes
References
Ion Luca Caragiale, Trădarea românismului! Triumful străinismului!! Consumatum est!!! (a pamphlet of the period, ridiculing the anti-Jewish stance of the Liberal Party)
1833 births
1914 deaths
Antisemitism in Romania
Politicians from Iași
Dimitrie
Chairpersons of the National Liberal Party (Romania)
Prime Ministers of Romania
Romanian Ministers of Agriculture
Romanian Ministers of Culture
Romanian Ministers of Defence
Romanian Ministers of Education
Romanian Ministers of Finance
Romanian Ministers of Foreign Affairs
Romanian Ministers of Interior
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
Presidents of the Senate of Romania
Members of the Senate of Romania
Presidents of the Romanian Academy
Romanian Ministers of Public Works |
4629596 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Close%20%28to%20the%20Edit%29 | Close (to the Edit) | "Close (to the Edit)" is a single by English avant-garde synth-pop group Art of Noise, released on various formats in October 1984. It was closely related to their earlier single (and hip hop club hit) "Beat Box", though the two tracks were developed as separate pieces from an early stage.
The first release of a version of "Close (to the Edit)" was as a nominal remix of "Beat Box" under the title "Beat Box (Diversion Two)". This was then re-edited and partly remixed with different effects applied, to become the version of "Close (to the Edit)" which appeared on the subsequent studio album Who's Afraid of the Art of Noise? (1984). Paul Morley's sleevenotes for the single simplify the relationship between "Diversion Two" and "Close", noting only that 20 seconds were "snipped out".
The song takes its title from the studio album Close to the Edge (1972) by Yes, and also samples "Leave It" and "Owner of a Lonely Heart" by the same band, the latter two of which Trevor Horn produced. The single heavily features the recorded sample of a car, a Volkswagen Golf owned by a neighbour of band member J. J. Jeczalik, stalling and restarting. It also contains a (re-sung) vocal sample from the song "Beer Barrel Polka", as performed by the Andrews Sisters. The short spoken-word vocal and the "Hey!" sample – used in a number of songs most notably in "Firestarter" by the Prodigy and "Back in the Day" by Christina Aguilera (uncredited) – was the voice of Camilla Pilkington-Smyth.
The single was released in the UK on what had become ZTT's customary array of formats: standard and picture disc 7" versions, five 12" singles (one a picture disc) and a cassette single, each featuring a number of unique mixes. The many remixes were given their own titles derived from the overall title, including "Edited", "Closely Closely (Enough's Enough)" and "Close-Up".
The cassette single version, That Was Close, is a medley of a number of the mixes from the various formats, featuring "Diversion Eight", "Diversion Two", "Closest", "Close-Up", the album version of "Close (to the Edit)" and "Closed". This medley lasts in excess of 20 minutes in length, repeats on both sides of the cassette, and remained otherwise unavailable until it was included in its entirety on the 4-CD box set compilation And What Have You Done with My Body, God? (2006).
The single was Art of Noise's first major UK hit, reaching number eight in the UK singles chart in February 1985.
Music videos
Three promotional videos were recorded for the single. The original version, featuring a little girl in punk garb leading three business suit-clad men in the destruction of various musical instruments, was directed by Zbigniew Rybczyński. According to an interview
with the band,
"The male members of the band were slightly disturbed that they were made to come off as Huey Lewis and the News," Paul Morley said in an interview at the time, "so one of the reasons we tend to hide behind masks or not appear at all is because it opens up more possibilities how Art of Noise can be presented. Sometimes you had video art directors get excited about how they were going to present Art of Noise, and in that particular case, he interpreted it as a strange young girl with Huey Lewis & The News. Half of it was fun and half of it was slightly sad."
"I thought it was a fun video," Anne Dudley said, "but some people thought it was unnecessarily violent. It was banned in New Zealand as encouraging violence towards children. Nothing could have been further from our minds."
The video later won the MTV Video Music Awards for Most Experimental Video and the Best Editing in 1985.
A second video version, composed almost entirely of surreal animation, aired in the UK, directed by Matt Forrest, with some clips from the original version.
A third video version, mostly identical to the second video version, included various shots of the band in-studio. ZTT Records have made all of these videos viewable on YouTube.
Legacy
In a 2003 article on the greatest musique concrète for Pitchfork, musician Drew Daniel of Matmos included "Close (To the Edit)" in a list of works that arguably built upon musique concrète in new ways. Simon Reynolds highlighted the manner in which the music video provided a "witty visual emblem" for the group's "updated version of musique concrètes slice-and-dice methods." He also noted that the song can be contextualised as "a homage to Kraftwerk and their 'Autobahn'-era notion of the car as a musical instrument", due to the use of a revving motor as a melodic riff throughout Art of Noise's hit. The track is classified as sound collage by writer Robert Fink, who notes that the track features the 'ORCH5' orchestral hit which, in its final moments, mixes "back into congeries of sampled orchestral blasts from Stravinsky's Rite of Spring." Danny Turner of MusicRadar commented that the track highlights Art of Noise's "clever use of disembodied vocal samples and found sounds", and noted that it "arguably featured the first ever sampled and sequenced bass line."
Live performance
The track was performed live by Horn and Anne Dudley during Horn's 2004 all-star charity event Produced by Trevor Horn (later released on DVD as Slaves to the Rhythm), celebrating Horn's 25th anniversary as a record producer. The performance featured Yes's Alan White on drums and 10cc's Lol Creme on guitar. Almost all of the elements of it (except for a spoken phrase by Camilla Pilkington-Smyth, which was pre-recorded) were live, as opposed to programmed or sequenced: Horn played his elaborate bass part on a 5-string bass, Dudley played live synths and triggered all the samples from the original track (including the "dum-dum" chant) from a Roland keyboard, the "tra-la-la" vocals (originally an Andrews Sisters sample) were sung live by Linda Allen and Debi Doss of Buggles fame, all the other instruments were played by members of the onstage orchestra, and the whole piece was played faster than the original (about 135-136 BPM rather than 129). Indeed, Horn introduced the performance by emphasizing the live nature of it and stating that, since the original piece was "played by machines" (i.e. programmed), the band would introduce some deliberate mistakes to prove that everybody was live. In fact, the actual performance does not include any mistakes, but some of Dudley's melodic synth lines are slightly different from the studio version.
Former Art of Noise members J. J. Jeczalik and Gary Langan do not feature in the performance, nor does music journalist and MC Paul Morley. In spite of this, the track is listed on the DVD cover and menu as being performed by Art of Noise.
Formats and track listing
7": ZTT / ZTPS 01 United Kingdom
"Close (to the Edit)" – 3.51*
"A Time to Hear (Who's Listening?)" – 3.32**
* Based on an edit of the LP version on Who's Afraid of the Art of Noise? (1984)
** A montage of extracts and out-takes from the LP.
12": ZTT / 12 ZTPS 01 United Kingdom
"Close-Up" – 7.37*
"Close-Up (Hop)" – 5.10
* Significantly different to the LP version.
This is the first 12-inch release.
12": ZTT / 12 ZTPS 01 United Kingdom
"Close-Up" – 7.37
"Close-Up (Hop)" – 5.10
"Close (to the Edit)" – 3.51*
* Seven-inch version.
This is the second 12-inch release.
12": ZTT / 12 ZTPS 01 United Kingdom
"Closely Closely (Enough's Enough)" – 7.15*
"Moments in Love" – 10.17**
"A Time to Hear (You're Listening)" – 3.29***
* Resembles the LP version much more than "Close-Up".
** LP version.
*** Same as 7" B-side with different title.
This is the third 12-inch release.
12": ZTT / 12 ZTPS 01 United Kingdom
"Closely Closely (Enough's Enough)" – 7.15
"Close-Up (Hop)" – 5.10
"A Time to Hear (Who's Listening?)" – 3.32
This is the fourth 12-inch release.
12": ZTT / 12 ZTPS 01 United Kingdom
"Edited" 5:32*
"Close-Up (Hop)" 5:10**
"A Time to Hear (Who's Listening?)" 3:27
* Similar to the LP version with additional overdubs and effects.
** "Close-Up (Hop)" is not listed on this release.
Picture disc.
7": ISL / 7-99754 United States
"Close (to the Edit)" – 4.10*
"(Do) Donna (Do)" – 3:10**
* Early fade of LP version.
** Extended mix of Into Battle track "Donna".
12": ISL / DMD 744 United States
"Close (to the Edit) (LP Version)" – 5:35
"Close (to the Edit) (Edit)" – 4:10*
"Beat Box (Diversion 1)" – 8:33
Early fade of LP version.
US promo.
Cassette single: ZTT / CTIS 106 United Kingdom
That Was Close – continuous medley comprising:
"Diversion Eight" 2:05
"Close (to the Edit) (album version)" 5:34 – listed as "Diversion Two"
"Closest" 0:43
"Close-Up" 7:18
"Close (to the Edit) (7" version)" 3:26
"Closed" 1:30
Total length: 20:36
Several earlier demo versions and rejected mixes appeared on the box set And What Have You Done with My Body, God? (2006)
References
External links
1984 singles
Art of Noise songs
Songs written by Anne Dudley
Music videos directed by Zbigniew Rybczyński
ZTT Records singles
Songs written by Trevor Horn
1984 songs
Musique concrète
Sound collages |
45569561 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceraria%20namaquensis | Ceraria namaquensis | Ceraria namaquensis, with the common names Namaqua porkbush and Namaqua portulacaria, is a species of succulent shrub, native to the border between South Africa and Namibia.
The plant's current name is Portulacaria namaquensis, due to recent phylogenetic studies have shown that it is in fact located within the genus Portulacaria.
Its closest relative is the species Portulacaria armiana
Distribution
The natural habitat of this species extends along the Orange River valley, along the border between Namibia and South Africa. It has also been recorded near the coast slightly further north in Namibia.
This is an extremely arid, winter-rainfall area. In cultivation, it requires extremely well-drained soil, and is usually grown grafted onto a root-stock of the more resilient Portulacaria afra.
Description
It reaches heights of 1.3 to 1.8 meters, and typically has small, ovoid, club-shaped leaves.
These succulent leaves are deciduous, and densely coat its stems. The stems are stout and grow upwards, forking. They are very slow-growing. Its flowers are usually unisexual.
References
External links
Hortipedia entry for Ceraria namaquensis
Didiereaceae
namaquensis
Flora of Namibia
Flora of the Cape Provinces
Garden plants of Africa |
47303924 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20cyclists%20at%20the%20Tour%20de%20France | Australian cyclists at the Tour de France | Australian cyclists have ridden in the Tour de France since 1914. In the 1980s, Phil Anderson became the first Australian cyclist to win a stage and wear the yellow jersey. Cadel Evans has been the only Australian cyclist to win the yellow jersey by winning the 2011 Tour de France.
History
Australian cyclists have competed in the Tour de France since 1914 with Don Kirkham and Iddo Munro being the first representatives. Australian participation was sporadic until the 1980s. Two notable Australian riders before the 1980s were Hubert Opperman and Russell Mockridge, a gold medallist from the 1952 Olympic Games.
In the 1980s, Phil Anderson, Allan Peiper and Neil Stephens heralded Australian cyclists increased focus on the Tour. In 1991, the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) established a road cycling program under Head Coach Heiko Salzwedel. This program lead to the development of many future Australian touring cyclists including Robbie McEwen, Patrick Jonker, Michael Rogers and Henk Vogels. In conjunction with the AIS road cycling team, the AIS track cycling program under the guidance of Charlie Walsh was developing endurance track riders including Stuart O'Grady, Bradley McGee and Brett Lancaster. Cadel Evans who won the Tour in 2011 was an AIS mountain bike scholarship holder in the lead up to the 2000 Sydney Olympics. By 2010, there were 11 Australian cyclists on the Tour. In 2011, Orica–GreenEDGE was launched with financial support from Australian Gerry Ryan and made their debut at the 2013 Tour de France. Cadel Evans became Australia's first and only winner of the Tour in 2011.
In November 2014, Cycling Australia announced its Tour de France Team of the Century to recognize Australia's first participation in the Tour. The team comprised nine riders: Cadel Evans and Phil Anderson (general classification), Richie Porte and Michael Rogers (domestiques), Robbie McEwen (sprinter), Bradley McGee and Mark Renshaw (sprint lead out riders), Simon Gerrans (all rounder) and Hubert Opperman (team captain).
Special Broadcasting Service has broadcast the Tour to Australian television viewers since 1991.
Statistics
Overall statistics at end of 2023 Tour de France
72 Australian cyclists have ridden in the Tour from 1914 to 2023.
Australia had 12 cyclists at the 2012 and 2023,followed by 11 cyclists at the 2013 Tour de France and 2018 Tour de France.
Stuart O'Grady has ridden 17 Tours, followed by Phil Anderson with 13 tours
Cadel Evans is the only Australian cyclist to win the Tour de France2011
Cadel Evans & Richie Porte are only riders to finish tour on podium. Cadel did this 3 times (1st 2011 & 2nd 2007–08). Porte was 3rd in 2020.
Phil Anderson was the first Australian stage winner and yellow jersey holder.
eight Australian cyclists have worn the yellow jerseyPhil Anderson, Bradley McGee, Stuart O'Grady, Robbie McEwen, Cadel Evans, Simon Gerrans, Rohan Dennis and Jai Hindley
three Australian cyclists have won the green jerseyRobbie McEwen, Baden Cooke and Michael Matthews
six Australian cyclists have held the green jerseyStuart O'Grady, Robbie McEwen, Bradley McGee, Baden Cooke, Rohan Dennis and Michael Matthews
no Australian cyclist has won the polka dot jersey
only one Australian cyclist has held the polka dot jerseyCadel Evans
only one Australian cyclist has won the white jerseyPhil Anderson
two Australian cyclists have held the white jerseyPhil Anderson and Rohan Dennis
two Australian cyclist has been the last placed finisher, known as the Lanterne rouge Richard Lamb who wore the discontinued red jersey and .
there have been 37 individual stage wins by 14 Australian cyclists (includes dual nationals)Robbie McEwen12, Caleb Ewan5, Michael Matthews3, Stuart O'Grady2, Bradley McGee2, Phil Anderson2, Simon Gerrans2, Cadel Evans2, Michael Rogers1, Neil Stephens1, Rohan Dennis1, Baden Cooke1, Heinrich Haussler1 Ben O’Connor – 1, Simon Clarke – 1
there have been 9 Australian cyclists that have been members of stage team time trial winsStuart O'Grady2, Simon Gerrans2, Simon Clarke1, Rohan Dennis1, Matthew Goss1, Brett Lancaster1, Cameron Meyer1, Allan Peiper1 and Richie Porte1
five Australian Olympic gold medallists have ridden in the TourRussell Mockridge, Stuart O'Grady, Bradley McGee, Brett Lancaster and Luke Roberts
Leading Australian cyclists
Australian cyclists that have competed in five or more Tour de France as of the 2023 Tour.
List of Australian cyclists
Table includes dual national Australian cyclists.
See also
List of Australian cyclists who have led the Tour de France general classification
:Category:Australian Tour de France stage winners
Notes
References
External links
Tour de France race database
Australian Cycling Memories - Tour de France
Cycling Archives website
Further reading
O'Grady, Stuart and Homfray, Reece (2014), Battle Scars, Melbourne, Hardie Grant.
Evans, Cadel (2011). Cadel Evans : the long road to Paris, Melbourne, Hardie Grant. 2011.
McEwan, Robbie and Pickering, Edward (2011),One way road, Sydney, Ebury Press.
Guinness, Rupert (2009). What a ride from Phil Anderson to Cadel Evans : an Aussie pursuit of the Tour de France, Sydney, Allen and Unwin.
Curtis, Martin (2008), Russell Mockridge : the man in front, Melbourne, Melbourne Books.
Peiper, Allan with Sidwells, Chris (2005), A Peiper's tale, London, Sport & Publicity.
Guinness, Rupert (2003), Aussie Aussie Aussie Oui Oui Oui! Australian Cyclists in the 100 years of the Tour de France, Sydney, Random House Australia.
Anderson, Phil with Valentine-Anderson, Christi (1999), Philip Anderson : cycling legend, Melbourne, Lothian.
Opperman, Hubert (1977), Pedals, politics and people, Sydney, Haldane Publishing.
Sir Hubert Opperman interviewed by Mel Pratt in the Mel Pratt collection (1975), National Library of Australia
Burrowes, John (1960), My world on wheels : the posthumous autobiography of Russell Mockridge, London, Stanley Paul.
Tour de France-related lists
Tour de France
Lists of cyclists
Cyclists
Tour de France people |
18898478 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20G%C3%A1lvez%20%28racing%20driver%29 | Juan Gálvez (racing driver) | Juan Gálvez (Buenos Aires, 14 February 1916 – 3 March 1963 in Olavarría) was an Argentine racing driver, and the brother of driver Oscar Alfredo Gálvez.
Life and career
Juan and his brother started racing together in Turismo Carretera but then took separate ways and competed in different cars. He made his debut in the Avellaneda Automobile Club 1000-Mile race on 14 February 1941 and finished second to Juan Manuel Fangio. His first win came on 22 February 1949 at the I Vuelta de Santa Fe. He won the Turismo Carretera championship nine times, in 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958 and 1961. His last victory was at the IV Vuelta de Laboulaye (1962) behind the wheel of a Ford.
Death
He was killed during an accident at Olavarría race in 1963. In 13 years of motorsport he competed in 153 races, winning more than 50 times.
See also
Autódromo Juan y Oscar Gálvez
Racing drivers from Buenos Aires
1916 births
1963 deaths
Racing drivers who died while racing
Argentine racing drivers
Turismo Carretera drivers
Sport deaths in Argentina
Burials at La Chacarita Cemetery |
10730034 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trasimene%20Line | Trasimene Line | The Trasimene Line (so-named for Lake Trasimene, the site of a major battle of the Second Punic War in 217 BC) was a German defensive line during the Italian Campaign of World War II. It was sometimes known as the Albert Line. The German Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C), Generalfeldmarschall Albert Kesselring, used the line to delay the Allied northward advance in Italy in mid June 1944 to buy time to withdraw troops to the Gothic Line and finalise the preparation of its defenses.
Background
After the Allied capture of the Italian capital of Rome on 4 June 1944 following the successful breakthrough at Monte Cassino and Anzio during Operation Diadem in May 1944, the German 14th and 10th Armies fell back: the 14th along the Tyrrhenian front and the 10th through central Italy and the Adriatic coast. The 10th escaped because General Mark W. Clark ordered Lucian Truscott to choose Operation Turtle towards Rome rather than Operation Buffalo as ordered by Sir Harold R. L. G. Alexander, which would have cut Route 6 at Valmonte. There was a huge gap between the armies and with the Allies advancing some 10 km per day, the flanks of both armies were exposed and encirclement was threatened.
Two days after Rome fell, General Alexander, Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C) of the Allied Armies in Italy (AAI), received orders from his superior, General Sir Henry Maitland Wilson, the Allied Supreme Commander in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations (MTO), to push the retreating German Army north to a line running from Pisa to Rimini (i.e. the Gothic Line) as quickly as possible to prevent the establishment of any sort of coherent enemy defense in central Italy.
Battle
On Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark's U.S. Fifth Army front, the U.S. VI Corps, under Major General Lucian Truscott, was pushed up the coast along highway 1 and U.S. II Corps, under Major General Geoffrey Keyes, along highway 2 towards Viterbo. To their right the XIII Corps, under Lieutenant General Sidney Kirkman, part of the British Eighth Army under Lieutenant General Sir Oliver Leese, headed up highway 3 towards Terni and Perugia whilst V Corps, under Lieutenant General Charles Walter Allfrey, advanced up the Adriatic coast.
Between 4 June and 16 June, whilst maintaining contact with the advancing Allies, Kesselring executed a remarkable and unorthodox maneuver with his depleted divisions, resulting in his two armies aligning and uniting their wings on the defensive positions on the Trasimene Line. Remarkable though this was, he was probably helped by the confusion caused in the Allied advance by the relieving of the U.S. II and VI Corps (substituted by Major General Willis D. Crittenberger's U.S. IV Corps and Lieutenant General Alphonse Juin's French Expeditionary Corps). The British X Corps, under Lieutenant General Richard McCreery, had also been brought into the line on XIII Corps' right whilst V Corps had been relieved by the Polish II Corps, under Lieutenant General Władysław Anders.
By the last week of June the Allies were facing the Trasimene positions. Joachim Lemelsen's 14th Army had Frido von Senger und Etterlin's XIV Panzer Corps facing the U.S. IV Corps on the west coast and Alfred von Schlemm's 1st Parachute Corps facing the French Expeditionary Corps beside them. On 22 June, a U.S. armored attack near Massa Marittima was defeated by a German tank platoon under Oberfähnrich Oskar Röhrig from Heavy Tank Battalion 504. The German Tiger I's knocked out 11 Sherman tanks, while the terrified American tank crews abandoned another 12. The Germans suffered no losses. Röhrig was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross for this action. Four Shermans were knocked out by two Tigers from 508th Heavy Panzer Battalion on 12 July near Collesalvetti.
Heinrich von Vietinghoff's 10th Army had Traugott Herr's LXXVI Panzer Corps facing XIII and X Corps and Valentin Feurstein's LI Mountain Corps facing the Polish II Corps on the Adriatic. The toughest defenses were around the lake itself with XIII Corps' British 78th Infantry Division experiencing fierce fighting on 17 June at Città della Pieve and 21 June at San Fatucchio. By 24 June they had worked their way round to the north shore and linked with X Corps' 4th and 10th Indian Infantry Divisions as the German defenders withdrew towards Arezzo. On 8 July, the 2nd Company of the German 508th Heavy Panzer Battalion knocked out four British Shermans near Tavarnelle Val di Pesa southwest of Florence.
The U.S. IV Corps also found progress slow but by 1 July had crossed the river Cecina and were within of Livorno. Meanwhile, the French Corps had been held up on the river Orcia west of Lake Trasimene until the parachutist defenders withdrew on 27 June allowing them to enter Siena on 3 July.
Footnotes
References
External links
Battle of Lake Trasimeno. An account of the Irish Brigade attack on Sanfatucchio Ridge on 21-25 June 1944.
German World War II defensive lines
World War II sites in Italy
Italian campaign (World War II)
World War II operations and battles of the Italian Campaign |
54257063 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%20Platt | Jo Platt | Joanne Marie Platt (born 15 June 1973) is a British former Labour and Co-operative politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Leigh from 2017 to 2019. She served on the opposition front bench as a Shadow Cabinet Office Minister from 2018 to 2019.
Political career
Platt was elected to Astley Mosley Common ward on Wigan Council at the 2012 local elections and re-elected in 2016. She was appointed as the Cabinet Member for Children and Young People in June 2014, and also served as the Secretary of the Leigh Constituency Labour Party during her tenure on the council. Platt resigned her council seat shortly after her election to Parliament in 2017.
Parliamentary career
Platt was elected as the first female MP for Leigh at the 2017 General Election, succeeding Andy Burnham who stood down following his election as Greater Manchester Mayor. Upon election, Platt advocated greater investment for post-industrial towns, restoring rail connectivity, increased local post-16 education provision and highlighting opportunities arising from devolution.
Platt was a briefly member of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee in 2017, but sat on the Housing, Communities and Local Government Committee from 2017 to 2018.
Platt was appointed as the Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS) to Angela Rayner, Shadow Education Secretary, in July 2017. She held the position until July 2018, when she was promoted as a Shadow Minister for the Cabinet Office, focusing on cybersecurity, government digital projects, digital identity, outsourcing and government implementation. She criticised the Government's cybersecurity record in her role, as well as their handling of Huawei's involvement in the UK's 5G infrastructure. In March 2019, Platt advocated having a single Cybersecurity Minister and a government approach that facilitates the growth of the UK cyber sector in post-industrial towns. She also advocated the uptake of the cyber profession amongst those with neurodiverse conditions.
Platt set up and chaired the All Party Parliamentary Group on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, informing and advising Ministers of the barriers those with ADHD face and the change that is required. In August 2018, she asked every clinical commissioning group (CCG) across the country what their average waiting time for ADHD diagnosis was, ultimately revealing some were waiting an average of two years for a diagnosis. She presented the findings to Prime Minister Theresa May during Prime Minister's Questions, securing a commitment from her to explore whether waiting times could be published to encourage a better diagnosis and treatment.
Platt lost her seat at the 2019 general election to the Conservative Party candidate, James Grundy. The result saw the largest 2017 majority for a party overturned in the country, and was the first time Labour lost the seat since 1922.
In 2022, Platt was selected as the prospective parliamentary candidate for Leigh at the next general election.
Personal
Platt has two children. Since leaving Parliament Platt has worked for the charity Leigh Building Preservation Trust, at a local heritage site Leigh Spinners which is a Grade II* listed mill in the centre of Leigh. Platt is tasked with the management of renovating the building to house heritage, small business, enterprise, arts and culture. Whilst at Leigh Spinners Mill, she has co-created a Co-operatives UK company, Leigh Spinners CBS, in order to drive further development for the site. Platt continues to campaign on local and national issues such as Long COVID, after contracting the virus in March 2020.
References
External links
1973 births
UK MPs 2017–2019
Labour Co-operative MPs for English constituencies
21st-century British women politicians
Female members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
Living people
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Leigh
21st-century English women
21st-century English people |
51279332 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mausam%20Khatri | Mausam Khatri | Mausam Khatri (born 10 December 1990) is a freestyle wrestler from India. He was a bronze medallist in the 2010 Asian Games. He has also been Commonwealth champion twice, along with being the winner of gold medal in the 2016 South Asian Games.
Khatri made his international debut in 2006 at the cadet level. And after becoming national champion at the senior level in 2008, he has been regularly representing India in international tournaments at the 96 kg/97 kg freestyle event. He has twice represented India in the World Wrestling Championships.
Along with amateur wrestling, Khatri has also been active in the traditional Indian wrestling, where he has won Hind Kesari title five times. He serves as a police sub-inspector in his native state of Haryana.
Early life
Khatri was born on 10 December 1990 in Panchi Jatan village of Haryana's Sonipat district and completed his education from Rohtak. His father Subeh Singh, who was a pehlwan, played an important role in promoting his inclination toward wrestling during his formative years. Later on, Anoop Singh coached him as a freestyle wrestler. After his podium finish at the 2010 Asian Games, the government of Haryana employed him as a sub-inspector in the Haryana Police under the Employment Guarantee Policy. He married Ankita Punia in June 2017.
Career
2006–09: Early career
Khatri made his international debut in the 2006 Asian Cadets Championship, where he won a silver medal. At the age of 18, while still being a junior wrestler, he competed in the 53rd edition of the Senior National Wrestling Championships in 2008. And he became the national champion after defeating Anil Mann in the final of the 96 kg freestyle event, although he could not defend his title in the next year – finishing with a bronze medal. He made his international debut at senior level in the 2009 Asian Wrestling Championships, finishing eighth.
In the 2009 Asian Junior Championship, he lost in the quarter-final to the eventual champion, which gave him a chance to win bronze medal via repechage. However, Khatri lost the bronze medal bout to Kazakhstan's Izmagambetov Gani. He next participated in the 2009 World Junior Wrestling Championship, where he lost in the second round to Germany's Johannes Kessel.
Although Khatri won gold medal at the Shaheed Bhagat Singh International Wrestling Tournament in November 2009, his first major success at the senior level came one month later when he became the Commonwealth Champion after defeating Pakistan's Mohammad Umar in the final.
2010: Podium finish at the Asiad
In September 2010, during the selection trails for the Commonwealth Games at the national camp, several athletes, including Khatri, tested positive for the methylhexaneamine, a drug which was banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in 2010 itself. That resulted in his removal from the Commonwealth Games squad. However, due to declassification of the methylhexaneamine as a banned drug in September of the same year, the provisionally banned athletes were allowed to compete in the future tournaments. Nevertheless, hearing for the proposed ban kept going as they tested positive for the aforementioned drug during the period when it was classified as a banned stimulant. After getting temporary reprieve, he participated in the 44th edition of All India Wrestling Championship, where he won the Hind Kesari title after defeating Delhi's Nardener.
Khatri's campaign at the 2010 Asian Games began on a poor note as he lost to Kazakhstan's Taimuraz Tigiyev in his opening bout. However, the disqualification of Tigiyev in the quarter-final bout against the eventual gold medallist gave Khatri a chance of podium finish through repechage. In the first repechage bout, he defeated Syria’s Raja Al-Karrad and in the next bout, which would decide the bronze medal winner, he secured victory against Korea’s Kim Jae-gang.
2011: Second Commonwealth Championships title
Mausam began his 2011 season with the 34th National Games. Representing Haryana, he won gold medal in the 96 kg freestyle event after defeating Jharkhand's Narendra in the final. In the Asian Championships, after getting bye in the first round, he lost to the eventual finalist Erfan Amiri in the second round. And he lost the bronze medal repechage bout against Mongolia's Natsagsürengiin Zolboo. In the 2011 Commonwealth Wrestling Championships, which was held in Melbourne, Khatri was able to successfully defend his title after winning the final bout against his countryman Varun Kumar. Participating in his career's first senior level World Championships, Khatri registered victories against Leon Rattigan and Harutyun Yenokyan in the first two rounds. However, he lost to Slovakia's Jozef Jaloviar in the pre-quarter-final.
2012–15: Doping ban and comeback
In his first attempt to qualify for the 2012 Summer Olympics, he participated in the Asian OG Qualifying Tournament in March 2012, where he lost to Dorjkhandyn Khüderbulga in the quarter-final. In the next month, participating in the World OG Qualifying Tournament, he failed in his last bid for the Olympic qualification after losing in the pre-quarter-final.
After an extended hearing for the anti-doping violation, which continued since September 2010, Khatri was banned for two years in November 2012. However, Khatri appealed against the decision. And, after the hearing, the appellate body of National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) reduced his ban duration by nine months citing "314 days of delay in the proceedings before the Disciplinary Panel not attributable to the athletes". Thus ending his ban in February 2014.
After the end of the ban, Khatri made comeback at the international circuit by participating in the 2015 Asian Wrestling Championships, where he reached to the quarter-final before losing to Japan's Takeshi Yamaguchi by 6–10. In his next tournament – Torneo Citta a Sassari – he finished with gold medal after defeating Canada's in the final. He was part of the Indian team which finished fourth in the President Cup of Kazakhstan after losing to Kazakhstan in the bronze medal play off by 5–3. In that play off, he lost to Mamed İbragimov by 6–7.
In the 2015 World Wrestling Championships, he lost to Russia's Abdusalam Gadisov in the second round. His opponent's entry into the final gave him a chance to win bronze medal via repechage. However, he lost to Germany's Stefan Kehrer by 5–6 in the repechage bout, thereby ending his campaign. The inaugural edition of the Pro Wrestling League took place in December and the Team Punjab Royals successfully bid for Khatri. His team finished third in the league. At the 2015 Senior National Wrestling Championships, Khatri finished with a silver medal after losing to Satyawart Kadian in the final.
2016: Gold at the South Asian Games
Representing India at the 2016 South Asian Games, which were held at Guwahati, he won gold medal defeating Afghanistan's Rajab Naseri in the final. However, his stint at the Asian Championships proved to be short-lived as he lost to Japan's Koki Yamamoto by 6–10 in the qualification round, finishing ninth in the tournament.
In March, Khatri participated in the inaugural edition of the Bharat Kesri Dangal, which offered the biggest ever cash award among all the domestic wrestling tournaments – carrying a prize of for the winner. The tournament, which was held at Gurgaon's Tau Devi Lal Stadium, saw participation of the country's top heavyweight wrestlers. He won the title defeating en route one of the strong title contenders Satyawart Kadian in the semifinal.
Vying to book an Olympic spot for India in the 97 kg category, he participated in the 2016 World Qualification Tournament. After securing victory against Nikolaos Papaoikonomou by 10–0 in the round of 16, he defeated Germany's Erik Thiele by 8–4 in the quarter-final. In the semifinal, he lost to Mongolia's Dorjkhandyn Khüderbulga by 6–8. And thereby missed the qualification as reaching the final was its prerequisite.
References
External links
Profile at the United World Wrestling
Living people
Asian Games medalists in wrestling
1990 births
Indian male sport wrestlers
Sport wrestlers from Haryana
People from Sonipat district
Asian Games bronze medalists for India
Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games
Commonwealth Games medallists in wrestling
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for India
Wrestlers at the 2010 Asian Games
Wrestlers at the 2018 Asian Games
Wrestlers at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
South Asian Games gold medalists for India
South Asian Games medalists in wrestling
Medallists at the 2018 Commonwealth Games |
26345049 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaimite%2C%20Mozambique | Chaimite, Mozambique | Chaimite is a village sacred to the Nguni people of the Gaza Empire, currently in Gaza Province, Mozambique. In the area in January 1896, Gungunhana, the last emperor of Gaza, was imprisoned by the Portuguese Empire.
Gaza Empire
Populated places in Gaza Province
References |
41795614 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taveh%20Dashqoli | Taveh Dashqoli | Taveh Dashqoli (, also Romanized as Tāveh Dāshqolī) is a village in Mishan Rural District, Mahvarmilani District, Mamasani County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 17, in 5 families.
References
Populated places in Mamasani County |
22814662 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abau%20Airport | Abau Airport | Abau Airport is an airport in Abau, Papua New Guinea.
References
Airports in Papua New Guinea |
39516153 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000%20WCHA%20men%27s%20ice%20hockey%20tournament | 2000 WCHA men's ice hockey tournament | The 2000 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 41st conference playoff in league history and 47th season where a WCHA champion was crowned. The 2000 tournament played between March 10 and March 18, 2000 at five conference arenas and the Target Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota. By winning the tournament, North Dakota was awarded the Broadmoor Trophy and received the Western Collegiate Hockey Association's automatic bid to the 2000 NCAA Men's Division I Ice Hockey Tournament.
Format
The first round of the postseason tournament featured a best-of-three games format. All ten conference schools participated in the tournament with teams seeded No. 1 through No. 10 according to their final conference standing, with a tiebreaker system used to seed teams with an identical number of points accumulated. The top five seeded teams each earned home ice and hosted one of the lower seeded teams.
The winners of the first round series advanced to the Target Center for the WCHA Final Five, the collective name for the quarterfinal, semifinal, and championship rounds. The Final Five uses a single-elimination format. Teams were re-seeded No. 1 through No. 5 according to the final regular season conference standings, with the top three teams automatically advancing to the semifinals.
Conference standings
Note: GP = Games played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; PTS = Points; GF = Goals For; GA = Goals Against
Bracket
Teams are reseeded after the first round
Note: * denotes overtime period(s)
Quarterfinals
(1) Wisconsin vs. (10) Michigan Tech
(2) North Dakota vs. (9) Denver
(3) St. Cloud State vs. (8) Minnesota-Duluth
(4) Minnesota State-Mankato vs. (7) Alaska-Anchorage
(5) Colorado College vs. (6) Minnesota
Quarterfinal
(4) Minnesota State-Mankato vs. (6) Minnesota
Semifinals
(1) Wisconsin vs. (6) Minnesota
(2) North Dakota vs. (3) St. Cloud State
Third Place
(3) St. Cloud State vs. (6) Minnesota
Championship
(1) Wisconsin vs. (2) North Dakota
Tournament awards
All-Tournament Team
F Brandon Sampair (St. Cloud State)
F Ryan Bayda (North Dakota)
F Lee Goren* (North Dakota)
D Dan Bjornlie (Wisconsin)
D Travis Roche (North Dakota)
G Andy Kollar (North Dakota)
* Most Valuable Player(s)
See also
Western Collegiate Hockey Association men's champions
References
External links
WCHA.com
1999–00 WCHA Standings
1999–00 NCAA Standings
WCHA men's ice hockey tournament
Wcha Men's Ice Hockey Tournament |
39928301 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario%20Hern%C3%A1ndez%20%28film%20director%29 | Mario Hernández (film director) | Mario Hernández Sepúlveda (March 8, 1936 - 9 June 2015) was a Mexican film director and screenwriter. He was best known for collaborating with Antonio Aguilar in films such as Valente Quintero (1973).
References
External links
1936 births
2015 deaths
Mexican film directors
Mexican screenwriters
People from Coahuila |
70148521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resolutions%20of%20the%20People%27s%20Consultative%20Assembly | Resolutions of the People's Consultative Assembly | The People's Consultative Assembly, the bicameral legislature of Indonesia, passed a series of resolutions of the People's Consultative Assembly () or TAP MPR throughout the 1960s, to the very last issued in 2003.
List of MPR and MPRS resolutions
As between 1960 and 1971 no election for the MPR members happened, the assembly were formed in a provisional measure, known as the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (), which issued TAP MPRs, though there were no difference between the resolutions issued by either by MPRS or MPR.
Resolutions of the MPRS, 1960 - 1968
The beginning of Sukarno's Guided Democracy were marked with the return to the 1945 Constitution, replacing the parliamentary 1950 Provisional Constitution. With it the formation of Provisional People's Consultative Assembly , which the 1945 constitution prescribed that it consisted of members of the People's Representative Council, regional representatives (), and sectoral representatives (). Prior to this, in 1955, Indonesia held its first legislative election, and thus the 1955-1960 members of the DPR were popularly elected (which at this point they were considered transitional in nature, until next election).
In March 1960, the DPR unexpectedly rejected President Sukarno's government budget plan. He then proceeded to dissolve the DPR and replaced it with the People's Representative Council-Mutual Assistance (), Its members were no longer the previously elected representatives, but rather the president's appointee, who could be appointed or dismissed by the president's will.
Resolutions of the MPR, 1973 - 2003
On 3 July 1971, Indonesian government managed to hold a long-delayed legislative election which had been planned to follow the first election in 1955.
Two years after the election, between 12-24 March 1973, the 920 members of the People's Consultative Assembly, which were composed of members of the People's Representative Council, representatives of the armed forces, as well as regional representatives, were able to held the first general session of the MPR in Jakarta, which proceeded to formally elect Suharto as President of Indonesia and Hamengkubuwono IX as Vice President of Indonesia. As the Speaker of the MPR for this session is Idham Chalid, who also served as Speaker of the DPR. In total, eleven Resolutions were enacted during 1973 General Session.
The next MPR met in session was during the 1978 General Session of the MPR, formed as result of the 1977 election. Since then, MPR met at least once in every five years, with the speaker of the DPR also served as the speaker of the MPR.
Sectoral representation to the Assembly was restored in 1984.
Under Resolution number I/MPR/2003, every MPR and MPRS resolutions enacted prior to this were reviewed in its material value and legal status. The MPR then grouped all 139 remaining resolutions into six categories, as follows:
Meanwhile under the following Resolution number II/MPR/2003 on the fifth amendment of the 1999 MPR Rules of Procedure, the assembly renounced its authority to issue further Resolutions and Broad Outlines of State Policy, and limited its authority on seven items, as follows:
Amend and enact the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia;
Inaugurate the President and/or Vice President;
Dismiss the President and/or Vice President within their office term;
Elect the President/and or Vice President in the event of their office left vacant;
Amend and enact MPR Rules of Procedure;
Elect and Inaugurate leaderships of the MPR; and
Hear the President's accountability speech regarding the government's performance on the 1999-2004 Broad Outlines of State Policy.
Reformasi period
On the 2004 General Session, the MPR heard its last presidential accountability speech. From 2004 onward, president and vice president were directly elected in a general election, and thus MPR lost its power to elect president and vice president, or to decide on a president's accountability. In addition, MPR lost its supremacy over other state institutions and its right as the sole executor of the people's sovereignty, and is also on equal footing as other state institutions, i.e. the President and the Supreme Court.
Under Article 2 and 3 of the Constitution and the 2014 Legislatures Act (), which later amended in 2014, 2018, and 2019, and supplemented by various other laws, authority of the MPR is limited to:
Amend and enact the Constitution of Indonesia;
Inaugurate the President-elect and Vice President-elect in a plenary session;
Remove the President and/or Vice President within their office term, following DPR's articles of impeachment have been found to be proven by the Constitutional Court in a decision, and after the president and/or vice president were given chance to explain their action in a plenary session;
Inaugurate the vice president as President in the event of the president's death in office, resignation from office, dismissal from office, or unable to perform their duties;
Elect a vice president from two candidates submitted by the President within sixty days, in the event of the vice-president office were left vacant ;
Elect a president and vice president in the event of both persons left their office vacant at the same time within their office term within thirty days, from a list of two pairs of president- and vice-president-candidate submitted by a political party or a coalition of parties whose presidential pair managed to achieve the most and second-most votes in the previous election, to serve until the end of the office term;
Enact the MPR Rules of Procedure and MPR Code of Ethics.
Meanwhile, the remaining MPR Resolution were still included within the official Indonesian hierarchy of legislations, only below the Constitution, but above Acts and Government Regulations in-lieu-of Acts.
Notes
References
Law of Indonesia |
74632311 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariela%20Campos | Mariela Campos | Mariela Campos may refer to:
Mariela Campos (footballer, born 1991), a Costa Rican footballer
Mariela Campos (footballer, born 1998), a Costa Rican footballer |
70668083 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lushan%20station | Lushan station | Lushan Station is a station on Line 10 of Chongqing Rail Transit in Chongqing municipality, China. It is located in Yubei District and opened in 2017.
Station structure
There are 2 island platforms at this station, located separately on two floors. On each floor, only one side of the platforms is used for Local trains to stop, while the other side is used for Rapid trains to pass through.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2017
Chongqing Rail Transit stations |
29781216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20L.%20Sack | Robert L. Sack | Robert Leroy Sack (born March 14, 1942) is an American physician and researcher specializing in sleep medicine. He is certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology and the American Board of Sleep Disorders Medicine. On the faculty of the Oregon Health & Science University since 1977, he is the medical director of its Clinical Sleep Disorders Medicine Program which he developed parallel with his research on circadian rhythms.
For many years, Sack, together with Alfred J. Lewy, has conducted research on sleep, light therapy and melatonin. Their work resulted in a U.S. patent in 2002. Dr. Sack is, as of February 2010, listed as author of 71 PubMed articles, of which 17 are reviews. He has authored chapters in books, for example "Therapy of Circadian Sleep Disorders" in Sleep Medicine Essentials. His discovery of the power of the hormone melatonin to entrain people with circadian rhythm sleep disorders has benefited many people, both blind and sighted, earning him credit in a New England Journal of Medicine editorial. Sack is the author of the two-part American Academy of Sleep Medicine review on circadian rhythm sleep disorders. He was the brother of Bradley Sack of Johns Hopkins University.
References
1942 births
Oregon Health & Science University faculty
Living people
American neurologists
Sleep researchers |
15571596 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dayton%20Township%2C%20Chickasaw%20County%2C%20Iowa | Dayton Township, Chickasaw County, Iowa | Dayton Township is one of twelve townships in Chickasaw County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 1,752.
History
Dayton Township was organized in 1859. It is named for William L. Dayton.
Geography
Dayton Township covers an area of and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Children of Israel, New Hampton and Saint Marys.
The stream of Spring Branch runs through this township.
Notes
References
USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
External links
US-Counties.com
City-Data.com
Townships in Chickasaw County, Iowa
Townships in Iowa
1859 establishments in Iowa
Populated places established in 1859 |
67892621 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestantism%20in%20Sichuan | Protestantism in Sichuan | The Protestant mission began in the Chinese province of Sichuan (formerly romanized as Szechwan, Szechuan, or Ssuchuan; also referred to as "West China" or "Western China") in 1877, when premises were rented by the China Inland Mission in Chungking. However, it grew rather slowly, it was not until the late 1980s that Protestantism experienced rapid growth. The two largest denominations in the province before 1949 were Anglicanism and Methodism.
History
19th century
Previous to the year 1868, the Protestant Churches of Europe and North America knew little or nothing about the province of Sichuan located in western China. The first Protestant missionaries to visit the province were Griffith John of the London Missionary Society (LMS) and Alexander Wylie of the British and Foreign Bible Society (BFBS). However, this journey did not attempt to establish mission stations in any of the many cities or towns visited. Griffith John's report of the journey was undoubtedly instrumental in drawing attention to that region: "There are a large number of Catholics in the province, and Chungking is one of their strongholds. [...] We must not ignore Szechwan. I hope that we will be able to establish the first Protestant Church in Chungking, and I myself could be the first missionary." However, no other missionaries visited the province again until 1877, when Rev. John McCarthy of the China Inland Mission (CIM, interdenominational), after landing at Wanhsien, travelled via Shuenkingfu to Chungking, where he reached on 1 May of that year. There he rented premises for other CIM missionaries to use as a base.
After this there followed a period of widespread evangelistic journeys, in which Messrs. Cameron, Nicoll, Easton, Parker, Riley, S. R. Clarke, and Baller, all of the CIM, with Mr. Leaman of the American Presbyterian Mission, and Mr. Mollman of the BFBS, engaged. In 1881 the CIM opened the capital, Chengtu, for settled work. After considerable difficulty, Paoning and Pacheo were occupied during the years 1886 and 1887.
In 1882, missionaries of the American Methodist Episcopal Mission (AMEM) arrived in Chungking. Their early efforts encountered strong resistance and riots that led to the abandonment of the mission. It was not until 1889 that these Methodists came back and started the mission again. Their mission concentrated within a diamond-shaped area with the cities of Chengtu, Suining, Tzechung and Chungking as bases. They had an Institutional Church built in Chengtu and a Lewis Memorial Institutional Church in Chungking.
During this period, the CIM divided the work of the mission into two distinct parts, namely Western Szechwan and Eastern Szechwan. The distinction is that, taking the Kialing River, which enters the Yangtse opposite Chungking, as the boundary, all the cities, towns, and villages east of this belonged to the East Szechwan branch of the Mission, which was worked on distinctively Church of England lines; while all the districts west of the Kialing River belonged to the West Szechwan branch of the CIM, and were generally worked on Free Church lines.
The year 1887 marks the arrival of the Anglican representatives of the CIM, who were members of the Cambridge Seven, namely, William Cassels, future bishop of the Diocese of Szechwan; Montagu Proctor-Beauchamp, and two brothers, Arthur T. and Cecil H. Polhill. Cecil Polhill was at first based in Chengtu and Chungking, but he felt drawn towards the people of Tibet. In 1896, after helping with mission work in Kalimpong, India, he moved to Tatsienlu, a Khams Tibetan city west of Sichuan. The establishing of a missionary station there in 1897 paved the way for the future construction of the Gospel Church of Tatsienlu.
One feature of this period was the persistence and tenacity of the missionaries. Many difficulties and disappointments accompanied their efforts; the people were either indifferent or hostile, and the results of their labours were very small. Sickness and death were constantly occurring to hinder and threaten the existence of the work. The 1886 Chungking riot almost extinguished the little churches which had been gathered by the two Missions. After the settlement of the Chungking riots and the re-establishment of Mission work in that city, a period of unprecedented prosperity set in.
During this period no less than five additional missionary societies started new work in Sichuan. In 1888 the LMS, whose representative Dr. Griffith John, was the first to enter the province in 1868 as mentioned above, took up permanent work in Chungking. In 1889, Robert John and Mary Jane Davidson of Friends' Foreign Mission Association (FFMA) introduced Quakerism into Tungchwan. Within 19 years five monthly meetings were successively established in Chengtu, Chungking, Tungchwan, Tungliang and Suining. In 1890 the American Baptist Missionary Union (ABMU) started work in the west of the province, having Suifu (1890) and Kiatingfu (1894) as their chief centres. Three more stations were established in Yachowfu (1894), Ningyuanfu (1905), and Chengtu (1909). At the close of 1891, the Rev. James Heywood Horsburgh, together with Mrs. Horsburgh, Rev. O. M. Jackson, three laymen, and six single women missionaries, entered Sichuan as the first band of Church Missionary Society (CMS) missionaries to take up work in that province. By 1894, CMS work had started in Mienchow, Chungpa, Anhsien, Mienchu and Sintu. Their first church was founded in 1894 in Chungpa. Then, in 1892, the Canadian Methodist Mission (CMM) opened up work in central and west Sichuan, having Chengtu and Kiating as their headquarters.
In 1895, the Anglican Diocese of Szechwan was established with its seat in Paoning. William Cassels became the first diocesan bishop after his consecration on 18 October 1895 at Westminster Abbey. That same year was also marked by a serious outbreak of anti-foreign agitation began in the capital Chengtu, and thence spread throughout the province. In the capital, the property of three Protestant missions and that of the Roman Catholics was destroyed; and all missionaries of all missions, Protestant and Roman Catholic alike, were thankful to escape with their lives.
In 1897, the Canadian Methodist Mission Press was established in Kiatingfu, but was moved to the capital city of Chengtu in 1903. This press produced publications mostly in English, Tibetan, Chinese and Hua Miao, but also printed language lessons in French and German. In addition to printing for the various missions in the western province, a certain amount of work was done for local schools and non-missionary foreigners. Notable among its printings was The West China Missionary News, first published in 1899, being the first and longest-running English-language newspaper in Sichuan province.
In 1898, a riot known as the Rebellion was chiefly directed against the Roman Catholics; the Protestants not coming under the wrath of the rebels, though subject to persecution and petty annoyance from local rowdies. During this rebellion a Protestant Conference (January 1899) was held at Chungking, resulting in the establishments of The West China Missionary News and West China Tract Society, as well as the formation of an Advisory Board for West China. From the settlement of the Yü Man-tse Rebellion of 1898 to the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, a period of nearly two years, the work in Sichuan enjoyed a time of peace and quiet, which ended abruptly in the summer of 1900, when all missionaries of all societies were obliged by consular orders to flee to the coast.
20th century
The Boxer Rebellion did not affect Sichuan so much as some other parts of China. On the return of the missionaries to their respective stations during the early part of 1901 they found in many places, especially in the western parts of Sichuan, what was going to be known later as the Mass Movement in full swing. This movement may be traced back as far as 1895, when it really began, subsequent to the settlement of the riots which occurred at that time. This movement steadily grew till it was crushed by the Yü Man-tse Rebellion, but immediately after the settlement of those troubles it revived with fresh vigour and strength. During that time, however, it was almost entirely confined to the Roman Catholic Church. But after the Boxer settlement, the Mass Movement not only revived amongst the Roman Catholics, but also took hold of the Protestant Church as well. This movement was most perplexing, even to experienced missionaries. Deputations were constantly arriving from the surrounding districts with offers from the gentry and leading men to open Gospel halls, preaching stations, or schools, free of cost to the missionary societies. Long lists were presented with the names of those who were anxious to become "adherents" of the Church or "learners" of the truth. This movement appealed in different ways to different missionaries and missionary societies. Some of the more optimistic welcomed it as an answer to the prayers of past years and the plenteous sowing of the last decades. Others, who were not quite so enthusiastic, looked askance on the movement, and generally discouraged the establishment of stations under such conditions.
A great demand for scientific literature which followed the Boxer outbreak was so pressing that the Society for the Diffusion of Christian Knowledge at Shanghai decided to open a depot in Chengtu to meet this demand. The Society was able to secure the best position in the most important street, and the ever increasing sale of books, charts, maps, and other literature has justified the Society's decision in opening a depot in that remote province of Western China. The Canadian Methodist Mission (CMM), recognising that Chengtu, the capital of the province, was the centre of literary activity and influence, moved their Mission Press to that city in 1903.
One of the signs of the progressive spirit was a scheme for a Union University. Most of the missionaries had seen the importance of educational institutions, and had sought to provide schools and other facilities to meet the demand for Western learning. But since the adoption by China of Western methods of education, the demand for some institution for higher education had been greatly felt by those specially interested in the spiritual welfare of the educated classes. Then finally in 1910, the West China Union University was established in Chengtu. It was the fruit of a collective effort of four Protestant mission societies: American Baptist Foreign Mission Society (ABFMS, American Baptist Churches USA), American Methodist Episcopal Mission (AMEM, Methodist Episcopal Church), Canadian Methodist Mission (CMM, Methodist Church of Canada), and Friends' Foreign Mission Association (FFMA, British Quakers). The Church Missionary Society (CMS, Church of England) became a partner in the university in 1918. The university grew rapidly in its first decade and remained a key player in tertiary education in Sichuan throughout the Republican Era. The American Methodist missionary Joseph Beech, a Wesleyan University graduate and member of Psi Upsilon and Phi Beta Kappa, played an instrumental role in founding and running West China Union University. He served as its founding president and later its chancellor. David Crockett Graham, an American polymath Baptist minister, served as curator of the university's Museum of Art, Archaeology and Ethnology from 1932 to 1942. He also taught comparative religions at its Theological College, as well as archaeology and anthropology.
On 10 May 1906, an American missionary Robert Roy Service and his wife Grace Service arrived in Chengtu. With the help of an English Quaker missionary Henry Hodgkin, they opened up work for the first Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) mission in the province. Robert and Grace were both graduates of the University of California, Berkeley. He was an athlete, member of Psi Upsilon and president of the senior class and of the YMCA. Grace was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta, and treasurer of the Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA). Through YMCA, an organization founded on the principles of muscular Christianity, Robert introduced Western physical education into the province. In 1910, fields for football and baseball, as well as a tennis court were constructed near the Wen Miao Street in Chengtu; a gymnasium was opened in 1913.
In 1908, Albert Shelton and James Clarence Ogden of the Foreign Christian Missionary Society of the Disciples of Christ arrived in Bathang after studying Chinese and Tibetan languages for four years in Tachienlu, where they established a mission station. Zenas Sanford Loftis joined the Bathang mission on 17 June 1909, but died from typhus fever and smallpox two months later. By 1922, Bathang became the centre of the Tibetan Christian Mission of the Disciples of Christ. Due to the constitution of Sichuan at the time, Bathang fell outside the western boundary and belonged to the special territory of Chwanpien, a mostly Tibetan-inhabited region.
In 1914, the Adventist Mission of the Seventh-day Adventist Church established a mission station in Chungking. Their Szechwan Mission was officially formed in 1917. In 1919, the mission was divided into East Szechwan Mission and West Szechwan Mission for easier administration.
By the end of 1921, there were 12,954 baptized Protestant Christians in Sichuan, the Methodists enrolled almost one half of this number, namely 5,788. The Anglicans shared almost the other half with 5,474 church members. The American Baptists and English Quakers followed with 1,263 and 429 members respectively. 63 per cent of these 12,954 Protestants were men.
Lutheranism also had a small presence in Chungking. The Lutheran Holy Cross Church was founded in Wanhsien in 1925, under the supervision of , a pastor-missionary sent by the Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod.
By 1934, the Canadian Methodist Mission had joined the Church of Christ in China (CCC); an annual general meeting of the CCC's Szechwan Synod was held on 9 February 1939. In 1940, the CCC established a mission station in Lifan, a county lies in the Sichuan-Khams Tibetan border region, as part of their Border Service Movement. This movement had a marked character of Social Gospel, with the aim of spreading Christianity to the Tibetan, Qiang and Yi peoples.
In 1939, two American Mennonite missionaries, , founder of the , and his wife Nellie Schmidt Bartel, travelled to Kwangyüan in northeastern Sichuan. In 1941 the Bartels started work in the Szechwan-Kansu-Shensi border. A mission centre was established at in early 1949, but all activities had ceased shortly before the Cultural Revolution launched in 1966.
The Kweichow-Szechwan Mission of the Christian and Missionary Alliance (C&MA) had its district on the borders of Kweichow and Szechwan Provinces and adjacent to Hunan and Hupeh Provinces. The C&MA missionary personnel were all withdrawn during the year 1949.
Current situation
After the communist takeover of China in 1949, Protestant Churches in China were forced to sever their ties with respective overseas Churches, which has thus led to the merging of all the denominations into communist-sanctioned Three-Self Patriotic Church.
In 1958, a "religious reformation" movement swept through Tibet. Churches in Bathang were desanctified and converted into communal canteens, along with demolitions of Buddhist temples and burning of sacred texts.
Radio Free Asia reported an arrest of eight Christians in 2010 during a gathering of a house church in Suining, while two were beaten. The police detained them for six hours and treated them as if they were criminals.
In 2018, Wang Yi, a well-known pastor from Chengtu, along with 100 Christians, were detained by authorities. Wang was reportedly arrested on allegations of "inciting subversion of state power". That same year, four Christian churches in Sichuan have been given an ultimatum and told they must join the Three-Self Church or be shut down.
In 2019, 200 congregants in Chengtu began to meet in secret after their state registered Three-Self church has been shut down.
On 17 November 2021, police raided the Qingcaodi Reformed Church in Deyang. Days later, one of the church members, Liu Wuyi, was detained criminally.
On 14 August 2022, police in Chengtu raided a Sunday gathering of the Early Rain Covenant Church (a congregation of the Reformed tradition founded by Wang Yi) and detained a leader.
Maps
See also
Christianity in Sichuan
Catholic Church in Sichuan
Anti-Christian Movement (China)
Anti-missionary riots in China
Antireligious campaigns of the Chinese Communist Party
Denunciation Movement
House church (China)
:Category:Anglicanism in Sichuan
:Category:Methodism in Sichuan
:Category:Quakerism in Sichuan
:Category:Baptist Christianity in Sichuan
:Category:Sichuanese Protestants
:Category:Protestant churches in Chongqing
:Category:Protestant churches in Sichuan
:Category:Protestant missionaries in Sichuan
:Category:Protestant missionaries in Tibet
References
Bibliography
External links
Protestantism in Chongqing
Protestantism in Tibet
Persecution of Protestants |
13091109 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Smellie%20%28politician%29 | Thomas Smellie (politician) | Thomas Stuart Traill Smellie (February 13, 1849 – May 20, 1925) was an Ontario physician, merchant and political figure. He represented Fort William and Lake of the Woods (1905-1908) and Fort William (1908-1911) in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Conservative member.
Smellie was born in Fergus, Canada West, the son of the Reverend George Smellie (1811–1896), and studied at the University of Toronto and McGill University. He married Janet Eleanor Lawrie on 14 April 1879. He came to Prince Arthur's Landing (later Port Arthur) in 1879 and was a town councillor in 1885. He settled in Fort William in 1891, where he became Medical Officer of Health. Smellie was owner of the Daily Times-Journal from 1901 to 1908. With his brother, A.G.P. Smellie, he owned a number of stores and creameries in the Russell, Manitoba area. He was appointed registrar of the High Court and Surrogate Court for Thunder Bay District in 1911 and served in these positions until February 1921.
According to the Daily Times-Journal, "He was man of broad views. Physically a big man, he had a mind constructed on the same massive proportions, and he was endowed with a fine capacity for learning."
His daughter Elizabeth was chief superintendent for the Victorian Order of Nurses and served as Colonel and Matron-in-chief of the Canadian Women's Army Medical Corps during World War II.
References
F. Brent Scollie, Thunder Bay Mayors & Councillors, 1873-1945 (Thunder Bay Historical Museum Society, 2000), 135–136.
Canadian Parliamentary Guide, 1910, EJ Chambers
External links
The Thunder Bay Historical Society : fifth annual report : papers of 1914
Manitoba Municipal Heritage Site No. 137
1849 births
1925 deaths
Physicians from Ontario
People from Centre Wellington
Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario MPPs
University of Toronto alumni |
71846828 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%20Rajasthan%20political%20crisis | 2022 Rajasthan political crisis | On 25 September 2022 at around 9 PM (IST), 82
MLAs of the Indian National Congress supporting Ashok Gehlot, Chief Minister of Rajasthan suddenly went to Speaker of the House, C. P. Joshi's residence in Jaipur and gave their resignation to oppose the decision of making Sachin Pilot as Chief Minister of Rajasthan
It was the second time in the term of the Third Gehlot ministry, the rival factions of the Rajasthan Pradesh Congress Committee, started a governmental crisis in the state of Rajasthan.
Background
On 24 September 2022, Chief Minister of Rajasthan, Ashok Gehlot expressed his wish to file nomination for upcoming elections for becoming President of the Indian National Congress. After which Gehlot suggested the name of C. P. Joshi for the post of Chief Minister to senior Congress leaders. Following his wish, the party had made clear the decision of 'One Person, One Post', so Gehlot has to resign as the Chief Minister. Instead of Gehlot, senior Congress leaders Ajay Maken and Mallikarjun Kharge decided to appoint Sachin Pilot as next Chief Minister of Rajasthan. But Ashok Gehlot supporting MLAs were not ready to support that decision and decided to give their resignation as MLAs. On 25 September 2022, at around 9 PM (IST), almost 82 MLAs reached the residence of C. P. Joshi, Speaker of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly in Jaipur and submitted their resignation. However, their resignation were not accepted by the Speaker. A similar crisis, happened in July 2020, in which Sachin Pilot, was removed as Deputy Chief Minister of Rajasthan, President of the Rajasthan Pradesh Congress Committee and various other posts. But the situation was managed by the interference of Rahul Gandhi and Sonia Gandhi. Following the resignation, in late night, Congress President Sonia Gandhi has directed Ajay Maken and Mallikarjun Kharge to return Delhi to tackle the situation. Also, AICC members requested Sonia Gandhi to pull Ashok Gehlot out of party president race. On 26 September 2022, a meeting was held in the residence of Sonia Gandhi to discuss the situation of the state. On the other hand, President of Bharatiya Janata Party, Rajasthan, Satish Poonia said that "Congress should do 'Congress Jodo Yatra' before 'Bharat Jodo Yatra'". Following the meeting of Sonia Gandhi, former Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh Kamal Nath was sent to Jaipur for talks with MLAs. Many political commentators and media thought that Ashok Gehlot faction MLA Shanti Kumar Dhariwal played an important role in the political crisis. Although both Gehlot and Pilot are silent on the crisis and not given any official statement on it. On 29 September 2022, after meeting with Sonia Gandhi, Gehlot took the decision to not to contest the Congress presidential election and to continue as Chief Minister of Rajasthan. However, secretary of the party, K. C. Venugopal said that the party will take a decision on the post of Chief Minister of Rajasthan within 2 days.
See also
2020 Rajasthan political crisis
2020 Madhya Pradesh political crisis
2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election
References
2022 in Indian politics
Politics of Rajasthan
September 2022 events in India
2020s in Rajasthan
Political crises in India |
1372868 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cel%20Damage | Cel Damage | Cel Damage is a vehicular combat video game developed by Pseudo Interactive and published by Electronic Arts. The game was first released for Xbox on 14 November 2001, and for GameCube on 7 January 2002, in North America respectively. In Europe, the game launched for both consoles on 3 May 2002. A Europe-exclusive PlayStation 2 port, titled Cel Damage Overdrive, was released as a budget title by System 3 under their Play It label on 12 December 2002. A high-definition remaster, developed and published by Finish Line Games, titled Cel Damage HD, was released for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita on 22 April 2014 in North America and 14 May 2014 in the PAL region. An Xbox One port followed worldwide, via the Xbox Games Store, on 11 March 2016. A Nintendo Switch port was released via the Nintendo eShop on 28 March 2019.
Cel Damage is a cartoonish take on vehicular combat games, like those from the Twisted Metal series. The story focuses on six cartoon characters from a fictional cartoon show called "Cel Damage". The characters annihilate each other to the delight of TV audiences and, since they are cartoons, instantly regenerate. The player battles through 12 different levels and three game modes. Weaponry for Cel Damage includes cartoon staples like vacuum nozzles and portable holes, mundane weaponry like chainsaws and baseball bats, and items like freeze rays, giant springs, and portable nuclear devices.
Gameplay
Cel Damage is a vehicle shooter in which players compete against one another using weapons to either gain smack points or stop other opponents from achieving their goal, depending on the game mode. Weapons include black holes, boxing gloves, grenades, chainsaws, baseball bats, chain guns, axes, and freeze rays. The three game modes are Smack Attack, in which players attack other players and/or computer players to gain a certain number of points first; Gate Relay, in which players race to checkpoints; and Flag Rally, in which players race to collect flags. Smack Attack is the only mode not initially locked (except in the PlayStation 2 version). Additional characters and areas are also unlockable in the game. The HD re-release in 2014 contained small differences from the original such as including life-bars and altering the method to unlock certain items but otherwise contains the same content with a few new weapons and a new stage.
Cel Damage features ten characters, six of whom are immediately available to play as at the beginning of the game. The other four are referred to as "guest star" characters and have to be unlocked.
Plot
In the game, Cel Damage is a popular animated demolition derby series that airs weekly on the fictional network "'Toon T.V." The characters in Cel Damage are a select few of cartoon characters who battle every week to achieve fame and glory. The characters use their own vehicles and battle using a variety of deadly weapons. Because the characters in Cel Damage are cartoons, they cannot be killed and can continuously come back to fight again.
Development
The Cel Damage graphics engine uses a rendering technique called cel-shading to produce this cartoon-like appearance. Furthermore, the physics engine in Cel Damage is unique. Rather than aiming to simulate realistic real-world physics, it emulates complex cartoon physics; the physics engine calculates the relevant parts of physical interaction as they would in reality, and then distorts the physical laws to produce a cartoon-like interaction. This can be seen, for example, when a car turns and the entire shape of the car deforms and flexes into the turning direction. Cars and game objects can realistically be sliced into pieces, flattened, frozen, shattered, shredded, impaled, lit on fire (and subsequently burn to a crisp and fall into ashes), and more. Chris Hecker, editor of Game Developer magazine, described Cel Damage's cartoon-style graphics as "state-of-the-art for computer-game physics".
Cel Damage was released as Cel Damage: Overdrive, a Europe-only title for the PlayStation 2. Play It released the game on 12 December 2002.
Reception
Cel Damage was generally praised for its cartoon graphics, but received "mixed or average reviews" on all platforms according to video game review aggregator Metacritic. Gerald Villoria of GameSpot called the Xbox version's visuals "impressive," and stated that the player "can easily think that [they are] playing a real-time cartoon". However, he added that some weapons in the game were far more useful than others, making the game a repetitive race to get the best weapon. Vincent Lopez of IGN said the cel shading in the same version "was one of the best examples of the effect on the market," but that the game play is too difficult due to both the computer players and the small arenas. Brian Davis of GameSpy praised the same version for its characters and maintaining its cartoon feel, but found that the game play was too short. NextGen said of the same version, "Pseudo Interactive deserves credit for taking cel shading to the next level by adding truly cartoonish physics, but a great look doesn't make a great game. This is a real missed opportunity."
Cancelled sequel
In 2002, Pseudo Interactive created an early prototype for a sequel to Cel Damage and pitched the project to Electronic Arts, Sega, Ubisoft, and Midway Games. The proposal was declined by each of the publishers it was offered to, due to the poor sales performance of the first game and concerns with the marketability of the property.
References
External links
2001 video games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
GameCube games
Nintendo Switch games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation 4 games
PlayStation Network games
PlayStation Vita games
Vehicular combat games
Video games developed in Canada
Video games developed in the United States
Video games with cel-shaded animation
Xbox games
Xbox One games
Pseudo Interactive games
System 3 (company) games |
37855207 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reni%20Takagi | Reni Takagi | is a Japanese idol and a member of the girl group Momoiro Clover Z. She is the former leader of the group, before leadership was passed to Kanako Momota, and her signature color in the group is purple.
Takagi was born in Kanagawa Prefecture. In April 2012, she became a DJ of her own radio show called Takagi Reni no King of Rock.
Appearances
(film, 2015)
Solo Work
Songs
(2011)
(2012)
(2016)
(2017)
(2017)
(2017)
Tail wind (2018)
(2019)
spart! (2019)
(Nagano & Takagi) (2019)
(2019)
(2020)
SKY HIGH (2021)
Go! Go! Heaven (2021)
(2022)
Love is Show (Masayuki Suzuki feat. Reni Takagi) (2022)
(Reni Takagi with Cypress Ueno and Roberto Yoshino) (2023)
(2023)
Studio albums
(2021)
Video albums
(2017)
(2018)
(2019)
(2019)
(2020)
Books
2023: Momoiro Clover Z: Reni Takagi First Photobook: 9 Kaw
References
External links
Reni Takagi's official Stardust profile
Momoiro Clover Z profile
Blogs
Reni Takagi's official Ameblo blog (2011–present)
Reni Takagi's official Gree blog (2010–2011)
Reni Takagi's posts at the Momoiro Clover official blog (2009–2010)
Reni Takagi's posts at the 3B School Girl blog (2008–2009)
Reni Takagi at Imatsubu (2010)
Momoiro Clover Z members
1993 births
Living people
Japanese idols
Japanese women pop singers
21st-century Japanese actresses
Stardust Promotion artists
Singers from Kanagawa Prefecture |
35092441 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loyal%20Wife | Loyal Wife | Loyal Wife is a band from Mesa, Arizona. It is former Before Braille frontman David Jensen's latest project.
History
Band members David Jensen and Ashley Taylor originally crossed paths while Jensen was still in his band Before Braille. Their first collaboration would not occur, however, until after Before Braille's demise, when Jensen formed his first post-Before Braille project, Art for Starters. Having already recorded all of the material for his double LP, Drugs Made My Favorite Bands, Drugs Ruined My Favorite People, Jensen recruited Ashley Taylor to be part of his live band.
Even though Art for Starters eventually "fizzled out," Jensen and Taylor continued to keep in touch. Then, while attending a recording class at Mesa Community College, one of Jensen's classmates needed a band for a recording assignment. Jensen took that opportunity to demo a song called Ivory, in which he felt he could "hear" Taylor's voice singing. That recording went so well that he later booked time with Bob Hoag at Flying Blanket Studios to do more. To make the record, Jensen recruited former members of Awake and Alert, Sam Hardwig, Spencer Reed, and Blake Kimball. Yet, after discovering how much they loved their combined sound, they all decided to form a band.
Originally, Jensen had intended to call the band "Yell Aware." However, when a Facebook poll showed that only his wife liked the name, he suggested as an alternative, "Loyal Wife" as a sort of homage to his own. When Taylor decided she liked the name, it stuck.
To fund the recording of what would become their first album, Loyal Wife used the Kickstarter Project. In the end, this was a large success for the band as it raised a total of $7,534, or 152% of its original goal. The success of the Kickstarter allowed Loyal Wife to change its original goal of recording only an EP to recording a full-length LP which would be called Faux Light.
Initial reactions to Loyal Wife's first studio effort have been positive. Stephen Carradini at Independentclauses.com called Faux Light "an album of unfolding charms. After the immediate hit of 'Hold Up' and 'In Trouble,' the rest of the tunes here grew on me. It’s a definite progression, and one worth checking out. If you want passion in your rock and quiet tunes, Loyal Wife should be on your radar." In addition, Josh Macala at the review site Raised By Gypsies, was also enthusiastic about this debut, stating: "Really, this album takes you through such a fantastical journey that if you are not left wanting more after 'light off', then clearly you have no soul."<ref>Macala, Josh. [http://raisedbygypsies.blogspot.com/2013/07/cd-review-loyal-wife-faux-light-sunset.htmlCD Review: Loyal Wife "Faux Light", July 16, 2013] retrieved 2013-16-07</ref>
Discography
Albums
CompilationsYou Heard Us Back When, Vol. 6 (Zia Records, 2012)
Track: Cut the RopeYou Heard Us Back When, Vol. 11'' (Zia Records, 2017)
Track: This Is An Apology
References
External links
Loyal Wife Official Website
Sunset Alliance Records
Indie rock musical groups from Arizona
American musical quintets |
16093892 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20railway%20stations%20in%20Barcelona | List of railway stations in Barcelona | This is a complete list of Renfe and Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya-operated railway stations in Barcelona, sorted alphabetically, excluding Barcelona Metro stations. It only includes stations strictly located within the municipality of Barcelona proper (as opposed to the metropolitan area of Barcelona).
Stations
Future stations
Former stations
See also
Transport in Barcelona
List of Rodalies Barcelona railway stations
List of Barcelona Metro stations
List of tram stations in Barcelona
Barcelona
Railway stations |
25708599 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti%20de%20la%20Democratie%20Socialiste%20candidates%20in%20the%201998%20Quebec%20provincial%20election | Parti de la Democratie Socialiste candidates in the 1998 Quebec provincial election | The Parti de la démocratie socialiste (PDS) ran ninety-seven candidates in the 1998 Quebec provincial election, none of whom were elected. Information about these candidates may be found on this page.
Candidates
(n.c.: no candidate)
References
1998 |
30725090 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre%20Jardin | Alexandre Jardin | Alexandre Jardin (born 14 April 1965) is a French writer, film director and winner of the Prix Femina, 1988, for Le Zèbre.
Filmography
1992 : Le Zèbre - Writer (novel)
1993 : Fanfan - Director, Writer
1996 : Oui - Director, Writer & Actor
References
Film people from Neuilly-sur-Seine
Writers from Neuilly-sur-Seine
Living people
20th-century French novelists
21st-century French novelists
Prix du premier roman winners
Prix Femina winners
1965 births
French male novelists
Sciences Po alumni
20th-century French male writers
21st-century French male writers |
573146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Wedding%20for%20Bella | A Wedding for Bella | A Wedding for Bella (formerly titled The Bread, My Sweet) is a 2001 American romantic drama film that told the story of a successful businessman who trades in his single lifestyle to marry the estranged daughter of a terminally ill elderly woman whom he loves like a mother. The marriage is a sham in order to give the elderly woman happiness before her death.
Written and directed by Melissa Martin, the film is set in Pittsburgh's Strip District, a thriving and diverse open-air market. Part love-story to the city that serves as its setting, the film is also a loving homage to the personalities of three people who each had an impact on director Melissa Martin.
Bella, the title character, and her husband, Massimo, are the creative embodiments of an elderly Italian-American couple who owned, and lived above The Enrico Biscotti Company (the real-life Pittsburgh bakery served as an inspiration for the film).
The film was directed by Martin, and starred Scott Baio as the businessman, Rosemary Prinz (as the dying elderly woman), Kristin Minter as Lucca, the estranged daughter, and Shuler Hensley. Then 70 years old, Prinz, a soap opera mainstay, made her feature film debut. This film has been presented at many film festivals across America.
References
External links
The Bread, My Sweet at Who Knew Productions
2001 films
Films set in Pittsburgh
2001 romantic drama films
American romantic drama films
2000s American films |
226438 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MHEG-5 | MHEG-5 | MHEG-5, or ISO/IEC 13522–5, is part of a set of international standards relating to the presentation of multimedia information, standardised by the Multimedia and Hypermedia Experts Group (MHEG). It is most commonly used as a language to describe interactive television services.
Characteristics
MHEG-5 is a licence-free and public standard for interactive TV middleware that is used both to send and receive interactive TV signals. It allows a wide range of TV-centric interactive services to be deployed. It is used by Freeview and Freesat in the UK, Freeview in New Zealand, TVB in Hong Kong, Freeview in Australia, Saorview in Ireland and has been specified in South Africa.
Recent work by the DTG in the UK has led to the development of the MHEG-5 Interaction Channel (MHEG-IC), which enables an extension of broadcast interactive services to be delivered via an IP connection. The principles behind the MHEG-IC are to provide a seamless viewer experience of broadcast delivered content augmented with content delivered over IP as an extension of the channel or network. Broadcasters have full editorial control of the user experience. The MHEG-IC gives access to streamed on-demand video content in addition to traditional text and graphics as well as the ability to support secure transactions.
MHEG-5 is an object-based declarative programming language which can be used to describe a presentation of text, images and video. An MHEG-5 application consists of a number of Scenes which the user of the application can move between. Each Scene lists the items of text and graphics to be presented and can contain blocks of procedural code which are executed in response to one of a predefined set of events such as keys being pressed, timers firing or content being successfully loaded into memory. These blocks of code consist of elementary actions which can perform operations such as changing the text displayed by a text object, or starting a video clip playing.
MHEG-5 specifies a hierarchy of classes that are available to the application author. Unlike in object oriented languages, it is not possible for new classes to be defined. The standard defines two representations of MHEG applications, one of which is textual and the other is represented in ASN.1. Applications are normally written in the textual notation and then encoded into ASN.1 for interpretation by the MHEG engine.
MHEG-5 is suited to programming interactive kiosks and interactive television services.
Use in other standards
MHEG-5 has been selected as the mandatory interactivity engine for CI+ compliant TVs (and other CI+ devices).
Profiles and commercial roll-out
The MHEG-5 language itself is just that, a language. To be useful in any particular context, the language needs to be profiled.
A broadcast profile of the language has been standardized by ETSI, forming ETSI standard ES 202 184.
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, MHEG-5 is used to provide interactive services for digital television such as the BBCs Ceefax replacement service, BBC Red Button. The full specification of how MHEG-5 is used in the context of the UK Freeview platform is the UK Profile of MHEG-5. MHEG is also used on Freesat for its programming guide in addition to the DVB EIT, as opposed to the OpenTV platform used on Sky.
New Zealand and Australia
In New Zealand, the same profile as in UK is used, with minor additions for the Maori language and its use of the guide key on certified Freeview receivers. The guide receiver key is used to activate the MHEG-5 programming guide; this however disables use of the more compatible and faster loading DVB EIT guide feature. In Australia, this guide practice was adopted for the phase 2 Freeview and VAST receivers referenced by the label Freeview EPG.
Hong Kong
In Hong Kong, TVB has also selected MHEG-5 for interactive services available on its digital-only channels.
Ireland
Ireland has selected MHEG-5 (v1.06) middleware for interactive services as a recommended feature of its Minimum Receiver Requirements for DTT in Ireland. The name for Ireland's free digital service is Saorview.
Class hierarchy
Note: You can download the PDF version of above image from http://mheg5.net/down/class.pdf.
See also
Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV), an alternative technology used for interactive television services via broadcasting and broadband communication media in some European countries.
MediaHighway, a proprietary middleware for interactive television owned by NDS.
Multimedia Home Platform (MHP), an alternative technology used for interactive television services in some European countries.
References
External links
Interactive television
IEC standards
ISO standards
Hypermedia
Multimedia |
71692942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo%20Benanti | Paolo Benanti | Paolo Benanti (Rome, 20 July 1973) is an Italian presbyter, theologian and academic of the Third Order Regular of St. Francis. He teaches at the Pontifical Gregorian University and is advisor to Pope Francis on issues of artificial intelligence and technology ethics.
Biography
Born in Rome on July 20, 1973, son of engineer Angelo Benanti and teacher Andreina Albani. In 1986 his family moved to Frascati, a comune in Lazio.
After having matured his vocation, in 1999 he left the university and entered the Third Regular Order of Saint Francis, in the convent of Massa Martana, where he spent the probationary year and the novitiate. On September 16, 2001, he got his Franciscan habit. He was ordained a priest on May 23, 2009. He served as the first councilor general and prosecutor general of the Order for the six-year period 2013–2019. In his baccalaureate studies in theology at the Theological Institute of Assisi (2001-2006) he had as a teacher the moralist Giovanni Cappelli.
At the Pontifical Gregorian University he obtained his licentiate in 2008 and his doctorate in moral theology in 2012. His doctoral thesis is entitled The Cyborg. Corpo e corporeità nell'epoca del postumano, (Cyborgs, Body and corporeality in the posthuman era) and won the Bellarmino - Vedovato Award as the best doctoral thesis in public and social ethics in 2012.
In 2013 and 2014 attended The Intensive Bioethics Course at the Joseph P. and Rose F. Kennedy Institute of Ethics of the Georgetown University.
Since 2008 works as a professor at the Pontifical Gregorian University, the Theological Institute of Assisi and at the Pontifical College Leoni d'Anagni. In addition to the institutional courses on sexual morality and bioethics,he deals with neuroethics, technology ethics, artificial intelligence and posthuman intelligence. From 2015 he tries to apply and develop an ethical framework for artificial intelligences by developing the concepts of algorithm and algocracy. From 2020 in collaboration with Sebastiano Maffettone, political philosopher, he explores the vital, relational, social and communicative, labor and economic dimension, seen as the result of an interaction, with complex ethical implications, between the resources offered by the virtual and interactive reality and social and individual existence. This path leads him to the recognition of the creation of a hybrid reality, between utopia and dystopia, which takes the name of paraferno. These concepts are studied in depth through a series of editorials jointly signed between the two authors published in the Italian newspaper Corriere della sera.
In 2018 Vincenzo Paglia named him a corresponding member of the Pontifical Academy for Life with a particular mandate for the world of artificial intelligence.
In February 2019, he was appointed Provincial Minister of the Religious Province of Saint Francis of Assisi of the Third Regular Order of Saint Francis after an assembly convened in Assisi.
On November 4, 2019, Pope Francis appointed him Councilor of the Apostolic Penitentiary (the oldest dicastery of the Curia and the first of the tribunals of the Roman Curia. On November 11, 2019, the Pontiff appointed him Consultant of the Pontifical Council for Culturewhose regent is Cardinal Gianfranco Ravasi and which aims to "foster relations between the Holy See and the world of culture, especially promoting dialogue with different cultures" of our time, so that the civilization of man is more and more open to the Gospel, and that lovers of science, literature and the arts feel recognized by the Church as people at the service of the true, of the good and beautiful".
On February 12, 2021, he was appointed by Pope Francis as an ordinary member of the Pontifical Academy for Life.
Works
Human in the loop. Decisioni umane e intelligenze artificiali, Mondadori Università, Milano, 2022
La grande invenzione. Il linguaggio come tecnologia, dalle pitture rupestri al GPT-3, San Paolo, Cinisello Balsamo, 2021
Vedere l'alba dentro l'imbrunire. Scenari plausibili dopo il COVID-19, Castelvecchi, 2020
Ricordare troppo. Eccessi di memoria da Borges alle neuroscienze, Marietti, 2020
Digital Age. Teoria del cambio d'epoca. Persona, famiglia e società, San Paolo 2020
Oráculos: entre ética e governança dos algoritmos, Editora Unisinos, 2020
Se l’uomo non basta. Speranze e timori nell’uso della tecnologia contro il Covid-19, Castelvecchi, 2020.
Homo Faber. The Techno-Human condition, EDB, 2018.
Realtà sintetica. Dall'aspirina alla vita: come ricreare il mondo?, Castelvecchi, 2018.
Le macchine sapienti, Marietti, 2018.
Oracoli. Tra algoretica e algocrazia, Luca Sossela Editore, 2018.
Postumano, troppo postumano. Neurotecnologie e human enhancement, Castelvecchi, 2017.
L'hamburger di Frankenstein. La rivoluzione della carne sintetica, EDB, 2017.
Ti esti? Prima lezione di bioetica, Cittadella, 2016.
La condizione tecno-umana. Domande di senso nell’era della tecnologia, EDB, 2016.
Amerai!, Cittadella, 2014.
Massimo Reichlin – Paolo Benanti, Il doping della mente. Le sfide del potenziamento cognitivo farmacologico, Messaggero, 2014.
The Cyborg: corpo e corporeità nell’epoca del postumano, Cittadella, 2012.
Vivere il morire. Spunti per l’antropologia biomedica, Cittadella, 2009.
References
Italian theologians
Theologians from Rome
1973 births
Living people |
25614910 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Walton%20%28British%20Army%20officer%29 | Joseph Walton (British Army officer) | Major-General Joseph Walton (died 1808) was Master Gunner, St James's Park, the most senior ceremonial position in the Royal Artillery after the Sovereign.
Military career
Walton was commissioned into the Royal Artillery and was sent to North America where he was serving under General Thomas Gage in 1764.
He held the position of Master Gunner, St James's Park from 1783 and of Colonel of the Invalid Battalion from 1793. He was promoted to Major-General in 1802 and died in 1808.
References
1808 deaths
Royal Artillery officers
British Army major generals
Year of birth missing
British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War |
24672859 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WikiReader | WikiReader | WikiReader was a project to deliver an offline, text-only version of Wikipedia on a mobile device. The project was sponsored by Openmoko and made by Pandigital, and its source code has been released.
The project debuted an offline portable reader for Wikipedia in October 2009. Updates in multiple languages were available online and a twice-yearly offline update service delivered via Micro SD card was also available at a cost of $29 per year. WikiReader versions of the English Wikipedia, Wikiquote, Wiktionary and Project Gutenberg can be installed together on a user-supplied 16 GB Micro SDHC memory card. Unlike Wikipedia itself, the device features parental controls.
The device can also run programs written in the Forth programming language; a simple calculator program is included.
In late 2014, the WikiReader website and project itself were shut down and abandoned for unknown reasons. Existing WikiReaders no longer receive updates to their database. Devices, professionally produced updates, and homegrown updates continue to be available from the secondary markets (e.g. eBay and Amazon), as well as from community efforts centered around the WikiReader subreddit.
Specifications
Display: Monochrome Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), 240 × 208 pixels.
Interface: Capacitive touchscreen with on-screen keyboard. Four hardware keys.
CPU: Epson S1C33 E07 microcontroller with 8 KB + 2 KB internal memory
Firmware: 64 KB Flash memory
Memory: 32 MB SDRAM
Storage: Removable microSD card (SD and SDHC supported; 512 MB, 2 GB, 4 GB, 8 GB, 16 GB supported)
File formats supported: native format; a converter from MediaWiki's XML export format is available.
Dimensions: 100 × 100 × 20 mm (3.9 × 3.9 × 0.8 inches)
Weight:
Languages: English
Warranty: 90 days
Power: Two AAA batteries
Battery life: 90 hours; equivalent to 1 year of normal use according to manufacturer
Limitations
Text-only display: The WikiReader is strictly a "text only" display device. The device therefore does not store or display any Wikipedia images.
Tables: The WikiReader does not display article text which appears inside a table on Wikipedia.
HTML "special characters": Certain Wikipedia article text encoded using HTML special characters is stripped from the WikiReader's output.
Mathematical formulas: Original versions of the WikiReader do not display Wikipedia article information encoded as a formula using LaTeX markup. This has been addressed with an optional firmware update, which is pre-loaded on newer WikiReaders.
Treatment of missing information: The WikiReader does not provide indications of sections where information has been removed from a Wikipedia article. Images, tables, mathematical formulas and other information that was not encoded as plain text in the original Wikipedia article is deleted from the WikiReader's output.
Search: The WikiReader's search capabilities are basic. There is no full text search capability. Only the titles of Wikipedia articles can be searched. The WikiReader does support incremental search of article titles, beginning with the first characters of each title. Search terms must be spelled correctly. Wildcard searching is not supported.
Updated WikiReader images
The last official WikiReader image was released by Pandigital in 2011. However, there exists an active fork of the original software capable of producing new images. There is also an active reddit community where new WikiReader images are shared and discussed.
The latest update was released by this community in June 2021.
See also
translatewiki.net, where WikiReader's interface is translated
References
External links
WikiReader source code
Offline Wikipedia Reader at Openmoko
by Techmoan
Open hardware electronic devices
Openmoko
Dedicated application electronic devices
Wikipedia
Computer-related introductions in 2009 |
51043268 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micha%C5%82%20Derus | Michał Derus | Michał Derus (born 21 September 1990) is a Polish track and field athlete, competing in the T47 disability classification for athletes with an impairment to a lower arm.
Personal history
Derus was born in Tarnów, Poland in 1990. Derus was born with dysmelia in his left hand which left it underdeveloped.
Sporting history
Derus took up sport whilst in secondary school. He initially chose swimming but switched to athletics stating that he enjoyed the adrenaline rush in the build up to a race. He wanted to compete in Parasport events, but a ruling disqualified him from being classified. In 2008 he was on the verge of quitting athletics but was persuaded to remain by his coach who believed the ruling would be overturned in the future.
In 2013 Derus was finally able to compete in para athletics and was classified as a T47 sprinter. He entered his first major international competition that year, representing Poland at the 2013 IPC Athletics World Championships in Lyon. There he won a gold in the 100 metre sprint and a silver in the 200 metre. He followed this with double gold in both events at the 2014 IPC Athletics European Championships in Swansea. In 2015 he successfully defended his World 100 metre title in Doha, and again won silver in the 200 metres. The 2015 World Championships also saw Derus compete in the long jump, finishing ninth with a distance of 6.24m.
In 2016 he travelled to Rio to compete in the 2016 Summer Paralympics. He competed in the 100 metre sprint and the long jump. Although failing to qualify through the heats of the long jump, finishing 11th overall, he finished second in the heats of the 100m to take him through to the finals. In the finals, he posted a time of 10.79 seconds in a photo finish for the silver medal behind Brazil's Petrúcio Ferreira. 2016 also saw Derus claim a second European medal with victory in the 100 metres in Grosseto.
References
1990 births
Living people
Polish male sprinters
Polish male long jumpers
Sportspeople from Tarnów
Paralympic athletes for Poland
Athletes (track and field) at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Paralympic silver medalists for Poland
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Paralympic medalists in athletics (track and field)
Medalists at the World Para Athletics European Championships
Athletes (track and field) at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
21st-century Polish people |
3884052 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loulou | Loulou | Loulou may refer to:
People
Enver Hoxha, Communist leader of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985
Louise Lévêque de Vilmorin
Loulou de la Falaise, French fashion muse and designer.
Other uses
Loulou (film), a 1980 French film directed by Maurice Pialat
LOU LOU, a Canadian women's magazine
Loulou, a 1989 children's picture book by Grégoire Solotareff
See also
Lulu (disambiguation) |
30476487 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Charlesworth | Alan Charlesworth | Air Vice Marshal Alan Moorehouse Charlesworth, CBE, AFC (17 September 1903 – 21 September 1978) was a senior commander in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). Born in Tasmania, he graduated from the Royal Military College, Duntroon, and served with the 2nd Light Horse Regiment in Queensland before transferring to the Air Force in 1925. Most of his pre-war flying career was spent with No. 1 Squadron at RAAF Station Laverton, Victoria. In 1932 he undertook a series of survey flights around Australia, earning the Air Force Cross. Charlesworth's early wartime commands included No. 2 Squadron at Laverton, and RAAF Station Pearce in Western Australia. Appointed Air Officer Commanding (AOC) Eastern Area in December 1943, he was promoted temporary air commodore the following year and took over as AOC North-Western Area in Darwin, Northern Territory.
Charlesworth's control of air operations during the North-Western Area Campaign led to his appointment as a Commander of the Order of the British Empire following the end of World War II. Retaining his wartime rank, he took charge of the newly formed School of Land/Air Warfare from 1947 until 1949, when he assumed command of RAAF Station Williamtown, New South Wales. He was posted to Japan later that year as Chief of Staff, British Commonwealth Occupation Force, and organised support for RAAF units involved in the Korean War. Returning to Australia in 1951, he was raised to acting air vice marshal and became AOC Southern Area. Charlesworth's final appointment before retiring from the Air Force was commanding RAAF Overseas Headquarters, London, in 1954–55. After leaving the military he served as Director of Recruiting in the late 1950s, and later as a judge's associate at the Supreme Court of Victoria. He died at his home in Glen Iris, Victoria, in 1978.
Early career
Born in Lottah, Tasmania, on 17 September 1903, Alan Charlesworth was the son of a storeman, Edwin Charlesworth, and his wife Louisa. The youth attended Lottah Public School and St Virgil's College, Hobart, before entering the Royal Military College, Duntroon, in 1920. He won the Silver Boomerang trophy, awarded to the college's champion athlete, three years running in 1921–23. In 1923 he was appointed company sergeant major at Duntroon, and received the Sword of Honour upon graduating as a lieutenant later that year. Following service as adjutant and quartermaster with the 2nd Light Horse Regiment in Queensland, Charlesworth transferred to the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) as a flying officer on 27 January 1925. Among his classmates on the 1925 pilots' course at Point Cook, Victoria, was fellow Duntroon graduate Frederick Scherger. During a training flight on 25 March, Charlesworth's Avro 504K stalled and spun into a field, injuring him and killing his instructor. Recovering, he was subsequently involved in an accident with future lieutenant general and Governor of New South Wales Eric Woodward, when their plane flipped on landing and came to rest upside down on a fence; neither man was badly hurt.
Charlesworth graduated as a pilot in July 1925, and was posted to No. 1 Squadron at RAAF Station Laverton, Victoria. In January 1926, he took part in experiments to test parachutes by attaching them to dummies and throwing them out of aircraft in flight. His secondment to the Air Force was made permanent in January 1928, and he was promoted to flight lieutenant the following month. On 30 April, Charlesworth married Edith Bennett at All Saints Anglican Church, St Kilda; the couple had a daughter. The next month, he was posted to the United Kingdom on attachment to the Royal Air Force (RAF). He attended the RAF School of Photography at Farnborough, before serving with the RAF Survey Flight in British Somaliland during 1929–30.
Returning to Australia, Charlesworth was again posted to No. 1 Squadron, taking command of a round-Australia aerial survey conducted in three phases during 1932 in association with the Commonwealth Geologist, Doctor Walter Woolnough. Charlesworth's study in Britain and his experience in Somaliland had made him the RAAF's leading expert in photographic reconnaissance, which was to be utilised in the search for potential oil fields. The first phase of the survey took place in January–February, employing two Westland Wapitis and seven other Air Force personnel from Nos. 1 and 3 Squadrons to photograph sites in southern Queensland. Despite both aircraft being damaged in a gale at Bourke in northern New South Wales while returning to base, the expedition was considered a success. For the second phase, lasting from July to September, Charlesworth and his team journeyed around the whole of Australia from New South Wales to Queensland, thence to the Northern Territory and Western Australia, before returning to Laverton. The final phase in December explored Tasmania. Charlesworth was awarded the Air Force Cross (AFC) for his leadership of the survey, described in the official history of the pre-war RAAF as a "milestone" in the country's exploration.
Following his survey work, Charlesworth was appointed Staff Officer Photography at RAAF Headquarters, Melbourne. In 1934 he returned to Laverton to take up his third and final posting with No. 1 Squadron. By September 1937, he had been raised to squadron leader and was in temporary command of the unit. He had overall charge of a training flight in November–December that ended in disaster, when a Hawker Demon crashed near Cootamundra, New South Wales, and its pilot burned to death; this was one of a spate of incidents during the year that led to serious questions being raised about the level of flying safety in the RAAF. In March 1939, Charlesworth was raised to wing commander and took command of No. 2 Squadron, operating Avro Ansons out of Laverton.
World War II
As part of the RAAF's reorganisation following the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, No. 2 Group was formed in Sydney on 20 November; Charlesworth was appointed its Senior Air Staff Officer (SASO). He continued to serve in this position when the group was re-formed as Central Area in March 1940. Posted to Western Australia to take command of RAAF Station Pearce in August, he was promoted to temporary group captain on 1 September 1940. He became Senior Administration Officer at the newly established Western Area, Perth, in January the following year. In September 1942, Charlesworth took over No. 2 Bombing and Gunnery School in Sale, Victoria. He handed over to Group Captain Charles "Moth" Eaton in August 1943, before briefly taking charge of RAAF Headquarters Forward Echelon in Brisbane. Charlesworth was appointed Air Officer Commanding (AOC) Eastern Area, headquartered at Bradfield Park, Sydney, in December 1943. Eastern Area was responsible for maritime patrol and anti-submarine warfare off the coast of New South Wales and southern Queensland. Japanese submarine activity had decreased in the months before Charlesworth took command, and he was concerned that Allied ships were becoming complacent. He observed "a general slackening off in procedure; ships are seldom where they should be, and a minority of merchant ships identify themselves to aircraft". The RAAF's patrols had also settled into a predictable pattern that would have been easy for an observant submarine captain to avoid.
Charlesworth was promoted to temporary air commodore on 1 August 1944. The following month he was appointed AOC North-Western Area (NWA) in Darwin, Northern Territory, replacing Air Vice Marshal Adrian "King" Cole. By this stage of the war, the Allies were advancing north and the tempo of operations in the Darwin area had decreased. Charlesworth immediately raised concerns regarding No. 80 Wing, which operated three squadrons of Spitfire fighters, warning higher command that its morale could drop if it was not either given a more active role in the war or transferred to southern Australia for rest. By October, the wing had received orders to depart NWA for the forward base of Morotai to join the RAAF's main mobile strike force, First Tactical Air Force; this move would leave Charlesworth with twelve squadrons at his disposal, including one B-24 Liberator heavy bomber unit and three other Spitfire squadrons. In the meantime, NWA supported the assault on Leyte with attacks on enemy ports, oil facilities, and shipping in the Dutch East Indies using Beaufighters, B-25 Mitchells, and Liberators. These operations continued through November–December. In April 1945, Charlesworth sent Mitchells and Liberators against a Japanese convoy led by the cruiser ; the bombers damaged the cruiser, and it was subsequently sunk by Allied submarines. The same month, NWA's Liberators attacked targets in Java in the lead-up to the Battle of Tarakan that commenced on 1 May. By July, Charlesworth's command had been denuded of much of its strength as two of its bomber wings were transferred to First Tactical Air Force.
Postwar career
Among a small coterie of wartime RAAF commanders considered suitable for further senior roles, Charlesworth retained his rank of air commodore following the cessation of hostilities. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 1946 King's Birthday Honours for his "conspicuous service in operations against the Japanese" while leading North-Western Area Command. The same year, he relinquished command of North-Western Area and briefly took charge of Eastern Area Command. He was then posted to Britain to undertake a course at the RAF School of Air Support. Returning to Australia, he became the inaugural commandant of the School of Land/Air Warfare at Laverton in April 1947. The school transferred to RAAF Station Williamtown, New South Wales, the following year. Charlesworth took overall command of Williamtown in 1949. In June that year, he succeeded fellow Duntroon graduate Air Commodore John McCauley as Chief of Staff, British Commonwealth Occupation Force (BCOF), in Japan.
Charlesworth's workload at BCOF increased considerably with the outbreak of the Korean War in June 1950 and the need to supply the RAAF's contribution to the conflict, chiefly No. 77 Squadron. In October, following the death in combat of Wing Commander Lou Spence, Charlesworth temporarily transferred from Tokyo to Iwakuni so that he could administer No. 77 Squadron and its ancillaries until No. 91 (Composite) Wing was formed to take over the task. Upon his return to Australia in June 1951, he was promoted to acting air vice marshal and appointed AOC Southern Area, headquartered in Albert Park, Melbourne. Towards the end of his tenure, the RAAF's wartime area command system was transformed into a structure based on function rather than geography. As a result, Southern Area was re-formed as Training Command in October 1953. In 1954 he returned to the UK to command RAAF Overseas Headquarters, London.
Later life
Completing his term in London, Charlesworth retired from the Air Force on 31 December 1955, and was made an honorary air vice marshal the following year. He was then appointed a technical advisor to the committee organising the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne. In 1958–59, he served as Director of Recruiting Combined Services, and later became a judge's associate with the Supreme Court of Victoria. In retirement he made his home in Glen Iris, Victoria, where he died on 21 September 1978. Survived by his wife and daughter, he was accorded an Air Force funeral and cremated.
Notes
References
1903 births
1978 deaths
Australian aviators
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Recipients of the Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
Royal Australian Air Force air marshals
Royal Australian Air Force personnel of World War II
Royal Military College, Duntroon graduates
Military personnel from Tasmania |
8368587 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threadfin%20butterflyfish | Threadfin butterflyfish | The threadfin butterflyfish (Chaetodon auriga) is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Chaetodontidae. It has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.
Distribution
Chaetodon auriga is found in the Indo-Pacific region, from the Red Sea and eastern Africa (south to Mossel Bay, South Africa) to the Hawaiian, Marquesas and Ducie islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island and Rapa Iti, at depths of . A single specimen was reported recently (2015) in the western Mediterranean Sea off Italy, a likely result of aquarium release.
Description
Chaetodon auriga is up to long. Its body is white with "chevron" markings on the side. The rear edge of the dorsal fin has a prominent black spot with a trailing filament behind it, and a black vertical band runs through the eye. The fish also has a belly patch of descending oblique dark lines and bright yellow fins. Two subspecies are sometimes recognised: Chaetodon auriga auriga occurs in the Red Sea and lacks the dorsal eyespot; Chaetodon auriga setifer is the spotted population occurring outside the Red Sea.
Taxonomy
It belongs to the large subgenus Rabdophorus which might warrant recognition as a distinct genus. Within this group, it is almost certainly a rather close relative of the vagabond butterflyfish (C. vagabundus) and the Indian vagabond butterflyfish (C. decussatus). The C. auriga species group shares the characteristic pattern of two areas of ascending and descending oblique lines, but they differ conspicuously in hindpart coloration.
References
External links
threadfin butterflyfish
Fish of the Pacific Ocean
Fish of the Red Sea
Fish of Hawaii
threadfin butterflyfish
Taxa named by Peter Forsskål |
23665700 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tywardreath%20and%20Par | Tywardreath and Par | Tywardreath and Par is a civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The 2001 UK census recorded that 3,161 people resided in the parish. This increased to 3,192 at the 2011 census.
The parish takes its name from its principal villages, Tywardreath and the china clay port of Par.
The A390, a primary route, crosses the Northern boundary of the parish at a point 200 m North of Higher Caruggatt.
The Cornish Main Line Railway enters the Parish, from the East, at a point 50m N.E. of Little Treverran, it exits the Parish as it crosses the Par River, approximately 750m South of Par Station.
See also
:Category:People from Tywardreath and Par
References
External links
Parish Council website
Civil parishes in Cornwall |
15439020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duppigheim | Duppigheim | Duppigheim (; ; ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. Duppigheim station has rail connections to Strasbourg and Molsheim.
Notable people
Jean Bugatti died in a car accident in Duppigheim
Arsène Wenger gave his name to the Stadium of Duppigheim
See also
Communes of the Bas-Rhin department
References
Communes of Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia |
41683599 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam%20Wanamaker%20Playhouse | Sam Wanamaker Playhouse | The Sam Wanamaker Playhouse is an indoor theatre forming part of Shakespeare's Globe, along with the Globe Theatre on Bankside, London. Built making use of 17th-century plans for an indoor theatre, the playhouse recalls the layout and style of the Blackfriars Theatre, although it is not an exact reconstruction. Its shell was built during the construction of the Shakespeare's Globe complex, notable for the reconstruction of the open-air Globe Theatre of the same period. The shell was used as a space for education workshops and rehearsals until enough money was raised to complete the playhouse. It opened in January 2014, named after Sam Wanamaker, the leading figure in the Globe's reconstruction.
History
The shell was intended to house a simulacrum of the sixteenth-century Blackfriars Theatre from the opposite side of the Thames, adapted as a playhouse in 1596 during Elizabeth's reign. The Lord Chamberlain's Men, Shakespeare's playing company, began to use it in 1608, five years into the Jacobean era.
As no reliable plans of the Blackfriars Theatre are known, the plan for the new theatre was based on drawings found in the 1960s at Worcester College, Oxford, at first thought to date from the early 17th century, and to be the work of Inigo Jones. The shell was built to accommodate a theatre as specified by the drawings, and the planned name was the Inigo Jones Theatre. In 2005, the drawings were dated to 1660 and attributed to John Webb. They nevertheless represent the earliest known plan for an English theatre, and are thought to approximate the layout of the Blackfriars Theatre. Some features believed to be typical of earlier in the 17th century were added to the new theatre's design.
The shell was initially used as a rehearsal space, and for education projects. On 24 February 2012 it was announced that the new theatre would be named the Sam Wanamaker Theatre, after the founder of the Shakespeare Globe Trust, and work on it would commence in October that year. It was also announced that the total cost would be £7 million, and that an anonymous donor had pledged £1 for every £1 the theatre itself raised, up to a maximum of £3 million.
The theatre was completed at a cost of £7.5 million. Designed by Jon Greenfield, in collaboration with Allies and Morrison, it is an oak structure built inside the building's brick shell. The thrust stage is surmounted by a musicians' gallery, and the theatre has an ornately painted ceiling. The seating capacity is 340, with benches in a pit and two horse-shoe galleries, placing the audience close to the actors. Shutters around the first gallery admit artificial daylight. When the shutters are closed, lighting is provided by beeswax candles mounted in sconces, as well as on six height-adjustable chandeliers and even held by the actors. The design incorporated extensive fire precautions.
Under the slightly revised name of the Sam Wanamaker Playhouse, the theatre's opening two productions were of plays first performed at the original Blackfriars Theatre: The Duchess of Malfi opened on 15 January 2014 and this was followed by the comedy The Knight of the Burning Pestle. In the winter 2015–16 season Shakespeare's four late tragicomic plays – Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter's Tale and The Tempest – were staged.
References
External links
Shakespeares Globe
Theatres completed in 2014
Theatres in the London Borough of Southwark
Rebuilt buildings and structures in the United Kingdom
Producing house theatres in London
Buildings and structures on the River Thames
William Shakespeare
2014 establishments in England |
73800904 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boy%20Nobunga | Boy Nobunga | Boy Johannes Nobunga (born 9 November 1962) is a South African politician and civil servant from Mpumalanga. Between 1994 and 2009, he represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature and both houses of Parliament.
From 2017 to 2022, he was chief executive officer of the Mpumalanga Tourism and Parks Agency. He is also a former member of the Provincial Executive Committee of the ANC's Mpumalanga branch.
Early life and education
Nobunga was born on 9 November 1962. He has bachelor of commerce and honours degrees from the University of the Western Cape.
Legislative career: 1994–2009
Nobunga represented the ANC as a legislator from 1994 to 2009. He began his career in the Senate, where he was elected to the Eastern Transvaal caucus in the 1994 general election. He was subsequently transferred to the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature, and he was elected to a full term in the legislature in the 1999 general election.
However, on 3 July 2001, he was sworn in to a seat in the National Assembly, where he filled the casual vacancy arising from Priscilla Jana's resignation. His transfer back to the national Parliament was described by media as a "purge", because he and some of the others moved were viewed as Mpumalanga Premier Ndaweni Mahlangu's most outspoken critics.
Nobunga served in the National Assembly until the 2004 general election, when he was returned to the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature. During the legislative term that followed, he served as Deputy Speaker of the provincial legislature.
Later career
Although Nobunga left the legislature after the 2009 general election, he remained active in the ANC in the province. He had lost his seat on the Provincial Executive Committee in August 2008, at the provincial party conference that had elected David Mabuza as ANC provincial chairperson; at that conference, Nobunga had supported Lassy Chiwayo, who ran against Mabuza. At each of the next two provincial party conferences, Nobunga unsuccessfully opposed Mabuza's re-election, standing as a candidate on anti-Mabuza slates for top party positions – for deputy provincial secretary in 2012, and for provincial treasurer in 2015.
In April 2017, Nobunga began a five-year term as chief executive officer of the Mpumalanga Tourism and Parks Agency.
Personal life
He is married and has children.
References
Living people
African National Congress politicians
21st-century South African politicians
20th-century South African politicians
South African civil servants
1962 births
University of the Western Cape alumni
Members of the National Assembly of South Africa
Members of the Senate of South Africa
Members of the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature |
72082153 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocco%20Vata | Rocco Vata | Rocco Vata (born 18 April 2005) is a professional footballer currently playing as a midfielder for Celtic. Born in Scotland, of Albanian origin, he is a youth international for Ireland.
Club career
Born in Glasgow, Vata followed in the footsteps of his father, former professional footballer and Celtic player Rudi Vata by joining Celtic at the age of seven. He signed his first professional contract with the club in July 2021.
He was included in pre-season training with the Celtic first team ahead of the 2022–23 season, but was assigned to the club's B team in 2022, making his debut in the Lowland League the same year. Following impressive performances for Celtic's youth and B teams, he is seen as one of Celtic and Ireland's most promising players, and was linked with Italian clubs Juventus, Roma and AC Milan, as well as English sides Arsenal and Manchester City in October 2022.
Vata made his first team debut for Celtic on 28 December 2022, coming on as a substitute for Matt O'Riley as Celtic beat Hibernian 4–0 away at Easter Road.
International career
Vata is eligible to represent Albania through his father (who played for the Albania national team), the Republic of Ireland through his grandmother on his mother's side, Scotland by virtue of being born there, and Montenegro. He has represented the Republic of Ireland at youth international level. On 31 August 2023, Vata received his first call up to the Republic of Ireland U21 squad for their 2025 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification fixtures against Turkey U21 and San Marino U21 on 8 and 12 September 2023. He made his U21 debut in the San Marino game, scoring 2 goals in a 3–0 win at Turners Cross.
Career statistics
Club
Notes
References
External links
2005 births
Living people
Footballers from Glasgow
Republic of Ireland men's association footballers
Republic of Ireland men's youth international footballers
Scottish men's footballers
Irish people of Albanian descent
Irish people of Montenegrin descent
Scottish people of Irish descent
Scottish people of Albanian descent
Men's association football midfielders
Lowland Football League players
Scottish Professional Football League players
Celtic F.C. players |
16430290 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus%20Salud | Jesus Salud | Jesus Salud (born 3 May 1963) is a Filipino-born American former professional boxer. Originally from Sinait in the Philippines, he resides in Honolulu, Hawaii. He won the WBA super bantamweight title by disqualification on December 11, 1989, in a bout against Juan Jose Estrada.
In 2002, he lost to then-two division champion Manny Pacquiao in a three-round exhibition.
Exhibition boxing record
References
External links
1963 births
Living people
Super-bantamweight boxers
Filipino male boxers
Boxers from Hawaii
World boxing champions
World Boxing Association champions
American male boxers
Sportspeople from Ilocos Sur
Sportspeople from Honolulu |
36036084 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynapteron | Asynapteron | Asynapteron is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
Asynapteron contrarium Martins, 1971
Asynapteron eburnigerum (Aurivillius, 1899)
Asynapteron equatorianum (Martins, 1960)
Asynapteron glabriolum (Bates, 1872)
Asynapteron inca (Martins, 1962)
Asynapteron ranthum Martins, 1970
References
Ibidionini |
24023717 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackie%20Martin%20%28footballer%29 | Jackie Martin (footballer) | John Rowland Martin (5 August 1914 – 1996) was an English footballer who played for Aston Villa.
References
1914 births
1996 deaths
Footballers from Birmingham, West Midlands
Men's association football inside forwards
English men's footballers
Aston Villa F.C. players
English Football League players |
55886611 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morley%20Quarry | Morley Quarry | Morley Quarry is a Local Nature Reserve on the southern outskirts of Shepshed in Leicestershire.
The quarries are a Regionally Important Geological Site, with rocks dating to 600 million years ago. The habitat is grassland and heath, with heather and gorse. There is a pond which has breeding toads.
There is access from Morley Lane.
References
Local Nature Reserves in Leicestershire
Shepshed |
74564067 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consort%20Zhang%20%28Chenghua%29 | Consort Zhang (Chenghua) | Consort Zhuangyide (莊懿德妃; 18 October 1448 – 7 August 1497) was an imperial consort of the Ming dynasty, married to the Chenghua Emperor.
Life
Lady Zhang's personal name was not recorded in history. She was born in Jiangxi Province to Zhang Jing (張敬), a member of Nanjing army, and Lady Gao (高氏).
On 31 May 1460, Zhang was elected to the inner court. On 26 January 1479, she gave birth to a son of the Chenghua Emperor, named Youbin, who was given later the title Prince of Yi (益王). Later that year, she gave birth to another son, named Youhui, who was later given the title Prince of Heng (衡王). On 13 October 1484, Lady Zhang gave birth to another prince, named Youpeng, who was entitled as Prince of An (汝王). All of her sons lived to adulthood.
Although Zhang had three sons, she was not canonized as an official concubine in Chenghua's Harem. On 15 August 1487, Zhang was given the title of Consort De (德妃). It is believe that Zhang's title is due to Noble Consort Wan's special favor.
After her death, she was given the posthumous name of Consort Zhuangyide (恭肅皇貴妃).
Titles
During the reigns of the Zhengtong Emperor (r. 1435–1449) and Jingtai Emperor (r. 1449–1457):
Lady Zhang (張氏, from 18 October 1448)
During the reign of the Chenghua Emperor (r. 1464–1487)
Consort De (德妃, from 15 August 1487)
Consort Zhuangyide (恭肅皇貴妃, from 7 August 1497)
Issue
As Lady Zhang:
Zhu Youbin, Prince Duan of Yi (益端王 朱佑檳; 26 January 1479 – 5 October 1539), the Chenghua Emperor's 6th son
Zhu Youhui, Prince Gong of Heng (衡恭王 朱佑楎; 8 December 1479 – 30 August 1538), the Chenghua Emperor's 7th son
Zhu Youpeng, Prince An of Ru (汝安王 朱佑梈; 13 October 1484 – 1541), the Chenghua Emperor's 11th son
References
1448 births
1497 deaths
15th-century Chinese women
15th-century Chinese people
Ming dynasty imperial consorts |
1430419 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party%20of%20Greens%20of%20Ukraine | Party of Greens of Ukraine | The Party of Greens of Ukraine (, PZU) is a Ukrainian green political party founded in 1990 by Yuriy Shcherbak and registered in May 1991.
The party is a successor of the Green World Association (founded December 1987<ref>Serhy Yekelchyk '"Ukraine: Birth of a Modern Nation, Oxford University Press (2007), , page 181</ref>) and under that name participated in the Ukrainian parliamentary elections of 1990 as part of the Democratic Bloc. The Green World Association quickly transformed itself into the Party of Greens of Ukraine.
After being electorally successful in the late 20th century, the party became nationally electorally marginal but representatives of the party are present in regional and local governing bodies.
Overview
The party's main priorities are the alteration of anti-ecological attitudes in the economic system, the reconstruction of the social system, and the protection of human rights.
The Party has been a member of the European Green Party since January 1994.
The registration certificate of the similarly-named Green Party of Ukraine'' was cancelled in November 2011 because it had not nominated a candidate in an election since the parliamentary elections of 1998.
Electoral history
In the 1998 parliamentary election, the Ukrainian Greens received 5.5% of the vote and 19 seats in the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament). According to historian Andrew Wilson, during this period the party was more of a sanctuary for oligarchs than a legitimate green party, as oligarchs dominated the party's election list.
The 1998 success wasn't repeated in the 2002 election, in which final poll results had predicted that the party would receive between 4% and 5% of the total vote. However, the party fell below expectations and earned a mere 1.3% of the total vote, losing all its seats. In the 2006 parliamentary elections and the 2007 parliamentary elections, the party received 0.54% and 0.40% respectively and failed to earn seats in parliament both times.
The party participated in the 2012 parliamentary elections, in which it won 0.35% of the national vote and none of the fifteen constituencies in which it had competed and thus failed to win parliamentary representation. The party also participated in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election, but received 0.24%, which once again was not enough to gain parliamentary representation. In the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election the party gained 0.66% of the national vote and no parliamentary seats, with the party also failing to win a constituency seat.
In the 2020 Ukrainian local elections, the party gained 24 deputies (0.06% of all available mandates).
Election results
Verkhovna Rada
Notable people
Pavlo Khazan, Ukrainian ecologist
See also
Conservation movement
Environmental movement
Green party
List of environmental organizations
Notes
References
External links
Information at EFGP
1990 establishments in Ukraine
European Green Party
Global Greens member parties
Green political parties in Ukraine
Green political parties
Political parties established in 1990
Pro-independence parties in the Soviet Union |
35627698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gifan-e%20Pain | Gifan-e Pain | Gifan-e Pain (, also Romanized as Gīfān-e Pā’īn; also known as Pā’īndeh) is a village in Gifan Rural District, Garmkhan District, Bojnord County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 286, in 69 families.
References
Populated places in Bojnord County |
25611640 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth%20Stewart%2C%20Countess%20of%20Crawford | Elizabeth Stewart, Countess of Crawford | Elizabeth Stewart, Princess of Scotland was a daughter of Robert II of Scotland and Euphemia de Ross. She was born between 1356 and 1370, well after her parents' marriage on 2 May 1355. Her brothers were David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn and Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl, and her half-brother was Robert III of Scotland.
She married David Lindsay on 22 February 1375. Her dowry was the barony of Strathnairn in Inverness-shire. In 1398, her father granted Lindsay the title of Earl of Crawford. They had seven, possibly eight, children:
Gerard Lindsay (d. before 1421)
Ingram Lindsay, Bishop of Aberdeen (d. 1458)
Marjorie Lindsay, married Sir William Douglas. They were parents of Catherine Douglas.
Alexander Lindsay, 2nd Earl of Crawford (c. 1387–1438)
David Lindsay, Lord of Newdosk (1407–?); he later became a priest
Elizabeth Lindsay; she married Sir Robert Keith.
Elizabeth Lindsay (1407–?); married Robert Erskine, 1st Lord Erskine ; she may have been confused with her sister of the same name, and it is possible that they were one and the same person.
Isabella Lindsay (1407–?), married Sir John Maxwell of Pollok, and had issue.
They presumably lived at Crawford Castle.
References
Elizabeth
Scottish countesses
Scottish princesses
Year of birth unknown
14th-century births
15th-century deaths
Year of death unknown
Elizabeth
14th-century Scottish people
15th-century Scottish people
14th-century Scottish women
15th-century Scottish women
Daughters of kings |
57300105 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platynus%20cazieri | Platynus cazieri | Platynus cazieri is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae.
References
Further reading
Platynus
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1996 |
16140826 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umm%20Ramool | Umm Ramool | Umm Ramool () is a locality in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). It is located in Deira in eastern Dubai and is bordered to the north by Dubai International Airport, to the east by Nad Shamma, to the west by Al Garhoud and to the south by Ras Al Khor. Umm Ramool is a residential and commercial community.
Umm Ramool is one of the oldest industrial areas in Dubai. The area was connected to the Dubai Metro Red Line with the opening of the Emirates Station on 30 April 2010. The station is connected to the Emirates Office Building.
References
Communities in Dubai |
16564450 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambinany | Ambinany | Ambinany is a town and commune () in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Sakaraha, which is a part of Atsimo-Andrefana Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 5,000 in 2001 commune census.
Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 55% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 43% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are maize and cassava. Services provide employment for 1% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 1% of the population.
References and notes
Populated places in Atsimo-Andrefana |
59767574 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala%20Pujari | Kamala Pujari | Kamala Pujari is a tribal woman from Koraput in Odisha, India. She is known for promoting organic farming. Interested in traditional farming, she learned the basic techniques from MS Swaminathan Research Foundation at Jeypore and has contributed a lot in the field of organic farming. She was awarded India's fourth highest civilian, the Padma Shri.
Biography
Kamala Pujari, a tribal lady of Patraput Village, 15 km from Jeypore, near Boipariguda, Koraput District, Odisha, has been preserving local paddies. Till now she has preserved hundreds of indigenous varieties of paddy. Conserving paddy and promoting organic farming is not a pastime for her. After getting into this, she mobilized people, arranged group gatherings, and interacted with people to shun chemical fertilizers. She called many people to join with her and knocked door to door from village to village. Her efforts were successful and farmers in Patraput village and neighboring villages gave up chemical fertilizers. Without having any basic education, Kamala has preserved 100 types of paddy to date. Ms Pujari has collected endangered and rare types of seeds such as paddy, turmeric, tili, black cumin, mahakanta, phula, and ghantia. She is also known for having persuaded villagers in her area to shun chemical fertilisers and adopt organic farming for better harvest and soil fertility. She is an inspiration for the upcoming generations.
Achievement
In 2002, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT) in Bhubaneswar was named after Kamala. She had won the Equator of Initiative Award in 2002 at Johannesburg.The Odisha government had honored her as the best woman farmer in 2004. She has also been awarded by the national award "Krusi Bisarada Samman" in New Delhi.
She holds the unique distinction of being the first tribal woman to be included in the list of members of the Odisha State Planning Board. She was made a member of the five-member team in March 2018 that makes a five-year plan for the state apart from providing short and long-term policy guidelines.
References
External links
Meet Kamala Pujari, a tribal agricultural activist and now a member of Odisha planning board; India Times
Indian activists
Indian farmers
Indian women activists
Indian women farmers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Recipients of the Padma Shri in other fields
Farmers' rights activists
21st-century women farmers
21st-century farmers |
12813418 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20School%20Musical%3A%20The%20Music%20in%20You | High School Musical: The Music in You | High School Musical: The Music in You is a documentary from filmmaker Barbara Kopple as she follows students from Arlington Heights and Western Hills High School in Fort Worth, Texas as they prepare to put on their version of the Disney hit High School Musical. The Summer Theatre show was directed by Ann Hunter and Julia Worthington. The production was attended by over 2800 people during its four-day run. The documentary premiered in October 2007.
External links
Cabin Creek Films
American documentary films
2007 films
Films directed by Barbara Kopple
Documentary films about high school in the United States
Films shot in Fort Worth, Texas
High School Musical (franchise)
2000s American films |
57243999 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epuraea%20populi | Epuraea populi | Epuraea populi is a species of sap-feeding beetle in the family Nitidulidae. It is found in North America.
References
Further reading
Nitidulidae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1939 |
1476567 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangerous%20Minds | Dangerous Minds | Dangerous Minds is a 1995 American drama film directed by John N. Smith and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer. It is based on the autobiography My Posse Don't Do Homework by retired U.S. Marine LouAnne Johnson, who in 1989 took up a teaching position at Carlmont High School in Belmont, California, where most of her students were African-American and Latino teenagers from East Palo Alto, a racially segregated and economically deprived city. Michelle Pfeiffer stars as Johnson. The critical consensus on Rotten Tomatoes calls it "rife with stereotypes". The film grossed $179.5 million and led to the creation of a short-lived television series.
Plot
LouAnne Johnson, a former Marine, applies for a high school teaching job and is surprised and pleased to be offered the position with immediate effect, even though it is a low paying job. Showing up the next day to begin teaching, however, she finds herself confronted with a classroom of tough, sullen teenagers, all from low-income working-class backgrounds, involved in gang warfare and drug pushing, flatly refusing to engage with anything.
They immediately coin the nickname "White Bread" for LouAnne, due to her race and apparent lack of authority, to which Louanne responds by returning the next day in a leather jacket and teaching them karate. The students show some interest in such activities, but withdraw when LouAnne tries to teach the curriculum.
Desperate to reach the students, LouAnne devises classroom exercises that teach similar principles to the prescribed work but using themes and language that appeal to the students. She also tries to motivate them by giving them all an A grade from the beginning of the year and arguing that the only thing required of them is that they maintain it.
In order to introduce them to poetry, LouAnne uses the lyrics of Bob Dylan's "Mr. Tambourine Man" to teach symbolism and metaphor; once this is achieved, she progresses on to Dylan Thomas's "Do not go gentle into that good night". LouAnne rewards the students liberally, using candy bars, reward incentives, and a trip to a theme park. Her methods draw the attention of the school authorities, George Grandey and Carla Nichols, who try to force her to remain within the curriculum.
A few particular students attract LouAnne's interest for their personal problems. Raul Sanchero is a boy who is frequently involved in gang warfare and street crime. LouAnne tries to encourage him to focus by paying a special visit to his family to congratulate him on his work and going to dinner with him as a way of instilling confidence and self-respect.
Emilio Ramirez is her most troublesome personal "project", as he believes strongly in a sense of personal honor that prevents him from asking for help. When LouAnne discovers that his life is in danger because of a personal grudge held by a recently released thug, she advises him to seek help from Principal Grandey. The next day, Emilio visits Grandey, but Grandey (not realizing that Emilio is in serious danger) instantly dismisses him because he neglected to knock on the door before entering his office.
Feeling rejected, Emilio leaves the school and is subsequently killed by his rival. Heartbroken by her failure to protect Emilio and angry at the indifferent school system for contributing to his death, LouAnne announces to the class her intention to leave the school at the end of the academic year. The students immediately break down, begging her not to leave. Overwhelmed by their unbridled display of emotion, she decides to stay.
Cast
Michelle Pfeiffer as LouAnne Johnson
George Dzundza as Hal Griffith
Courtney B. Vance as George Grandey
Robin Bartlett as Carla Nichols
Bruklin Harris as Callie Roberts
Renoly Santiago as Raul Sanchero
Wade Dominguez as Emilio Ramirez
Beatrice Winde as Mary Benton
Lorraine Toussaint as Irene Roberts
John Neville as Waiter
Marcello Thedford as Cornelius Bates
Roberto Alvarez as Gusmaro Rivera
Richard Grant as Durrell Benton
Marisela Gonzales as Angela
Norris Young as Kareem
Karina Arroyave as Josy
Paula Garcés as Alvina
Raymond Grant as Lionel Benton
Ivan Sergei as Huero
Gaura Vani as Warlock (credited as Gaura Buchwald)
Cynthia Avila as Mrs. Sanchero
Roman Cisneros as Mr. Sanchero
Camille Winbush as Tyeisha Roberts
Al Israel as Santiago
Jeffrey Garcia as Raoul
Production
Dangerous Minds was one of the last films of producer Don Simpson. The school at which LouAnne Johnson taught, Carlmont High School in Belmont, California, was considered as a filming location, but Burlingame High School in Burlingame was used as the filming location for all the outside scenes, and some indoor scenes filmed at neighboring San Mateo High School. Most of the filming was done at Warner Hollywood Studios in Burbank, California.
The amusement park scene was done in Santa Cruz, California, at the Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk. Additional photography was also done in Pacoima, Monrovia, Glendale, and Sherman Oaks.
Release
Box office
Dangerous Minds was released in the United States on August 11, 1995. It grossed a total of $179.5 million worldwide.
Critical reception
Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an approval score of 33% and an average rating of 4.8/10 based on 43 reviews from critics. The website's "Critics Consensus" for the film reads, "Rife with stereotypes that undermine its good intentions, Dangerous Minds is too blind to see that the ones it hurts are the audience." On Metacritic, the film holds a score of 47 out of 100 sampled from 18 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".
Janet Maslin of The New York Times called it a "false and condescending film" that "steamrollers its way over some real talent". Although praising Pfeiffer's acting ability, Maslin said that the script limits her to a one-dimension role. Kenneth Turan's review for the Los Angeles Times said that Pfeiffer "is as believable as the film allows her to be", but the film trivializes the subject matter. Roger Ebert wrote in his review for the Chicago Sun-Times called the film "less than compelling" and said the true story had been watered down to appeal to white audiences, illustrated by the substitution of Dylan songs for rap songs. Though he said Pfeiffer's acting made the film "fairly entertaining", Terrence Rafferty of The New Yorker criticized the film's screenplay and the sentimental ending, which he said gives Pfeiffer's character an unnecessary halo. Peter Travers in Rolling Stone described the young cast as "outstanding" and praised Pfeiffer's performance, but he said the film "often unspools like a hokey update of Sidney Poitier's To Sir With Love". Kevin McManus also praised the acting, though he wrote in The Washington Post that the film "merits only a C", in part because the script's lack of subtlety and the saccharine lines given to the students. Edward Guthmann in the San Francisco Chronicle wrote: "It's contrived, it's hokey, but in Dangerous Minds, a Michelle Pfeiffer vehicle, it works surprisingly well… She's playing with a bag of clichés, but she's so plucky and likable, you overlook the hokum." Time Out wrote: "Actually it's quite a respectable piece of work, with an impressive tough-love performance from Pfeiffer, but Ronald Bass's hackneyed screenplay is all carrot and no stick."
Accolades
The soundtrack and its lead single "Gangsta's Paradise" enjoyed major success and received nominations for the Grammy Award for Record of the Year and the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Soundtrack Album. Coolio won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance for his vocals.
At the MTV Movie Awards 1996, Dangerous Minds was nominated in four categories: Best Movie, Best Female Performance (Michelle Pfeiffer), Most Desirable Female (Michelle Pfeiffer) and Best Movie Song (Coolio).
The music video for "Gangsta's Paradise", featuring Michelle Pfeiffer, won the MTV Music Video Award for Best Rap Video and the MTV Music Video Award for Best Video from a Film.
Michelle Pfeiffer won the Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actress – Drama.
The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:
2004: AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:
"Gangsta's Paradise" – Nominated
Soundtrack
Television series
The commercial success of the film prompted the creation of a spin-off television series, Dangerous Minds, featuring Annie Potts in the role of LouAnne Johnson. The series premiered on ABC on September 30, 1996, and ended on March 15, 1997, after one season of seventeen episodes.
See also
To Sir, with Love
Freedom Writers
List of teachers portrayed in films
List of hood films
References
External links
Website of LouAnne Johnson
1995 films
1995 drama films
1990s American films
1990s biographical drama films
1990s English-language films
1990s high school films
1990s Spanish-language films
1990s teen drama films
American biographical drama films
American high school films
American teen drama films
Biographical films about educators
Cultural depictions of American women
Films about teacher–student relationships
Films adapted into television shows
Films based on autobiographies
Films directed by John N. Smith
Films produced by Don Simpson
Films produced by Jerry Bruckheimer
Films set in the San Francisco Bay Area
Films shot in Burbank, California
Films with screenplays by Ronald Bass
Hollywood Pictures films
Hood films
Teen crime films |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.