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Necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) is one of the most serious gastrointestinal emergencies in very low birth weight ( VLBW ) preterm neonates , affecting 7 - 14 % of these neonates . Due to the seriousness of the disease , prevention of NEC is the most important goal . Current evidence from systematic review and meta-... | [
"ABSTRACT A healthy intestinal microbiota is considered to be important for priming of the infants ' mucosal and systemic immunity . Breast-fed infants typically have an intestinal microbiota dominated by different Bifidobacterium species . It has been described that allergic infants have different levels of sp... | 4115d8f6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Several clinical trials have investigated the impact of glucomannan on plasma lipids , body weight , fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) , and blood pressure ( BP ) , but have yielded conflicting results and had only modest sample sizes . OBJECTIVE The objective was to perform a meta- analysis of r and omized ... | [
"The effects of the soluble fiber konjac glucomannan ( GM ) on serum cholesterol concentrations were investigated in 63 healthy men in a double-blind crossover , placebo-controlled study . After a 2-wk baseline period , the subjects were given 3.9 g GM or placebo daily for 4 wk . After a washout period of... | 4115dbee-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
PURPOSE The goal of this meta- analysis was to determine the clinical utility of acute mountain sickness ( AMS ) history to predict future incidents of AMS . METHOD 17 studies ( n=7921 participants ) were included following a systematic review of the literature . A bivariate r and om-effects model was used to cal... | [
"The aims of this study were 1 ) to evaluate whether subjects suffering from acute mountain sickness ( AMS ) during exposure to high altitude have signs of autonomic dysfunction and 2 ) to verify whether autonomic variables at low altitude may identify subjects who are prone to develop AMS . Forty-one mountainee... | 4115dc8e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The purpose of the current study was to clarify the role of the quadriceps tendon ( QT ) autograft for primary ACL reconstruction . Thus , a Bayesian network meta- analysis comparing patients undergoing a primary ACL reconstruction with QT versus patellar tendon ( PT ) and hamstring tendon ( HT ) autografts was c... | [
"Abstract . This study documented postoperative morbidity during the first 4 months following anterior cruciate ligament ( ACL ) reconstruction using either patellar tendon or hamstring tendon autograft . Sixty-five patients undergoing primary arthroscopically assisted single-incision ACL reconstruction w... | 4115dcde-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVES to determine the effect of drugs with anti-cholinergic properties on relevant health outcomes . DESIGN electronic published and unpublished literature /trial registries were systematic ally review ed . Studies evaluating medications with anti-cholinergic activity on cognitive function , delirium , physi... | [
"OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of darifenacin controlled-release ( CR ) and oxybutynin extended-release ( ER ) on cognitive function ( particularly memory ) in older subjects . METHODS Healthy subjects ( n=150 ) > /=60 years were r and omised to darifenacin , oxybutynin ER or placebo in a multic... | 4115dd2e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Observational and some experimental data suggest that low intake of vitamin K may be associated with an increased risk of fracture . OBJECTIVE To assess whether oral vitamin K ( phytonadione and menaquinone ) supplementation can reduce bone loss and prevent fractures . DATA SOURCES The search i... | [
"We have recently demonstrated that glucocorticoid ( GC ) suppresses bone formation and enhances bone resorption , with result ant bone loss . This altered bone turnover is not due to the action of parathyroid hormone ( PTH ) , but appears to be related to the suppression of osteoprotegerin ( OPG ) . As vitamin ... | 4115dd74-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
A systematic review of r and omised controlled trials was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of workplace interventions to prevent low back pain . Potential trials were located by a computerised search supplemented with citation tracking . The method ological quality of the trials was assessed on 11 cri... | [
"To compare the use of r and omized controls ( RCTs ) and historical controls ( HCTs ) for clinical trials , we search ed the literature for therapies studied by both methods . We found six therapies for which 50 RCTs and 56 HCTs were reported . Forty-four of 56 HCTs ( 79 percent ) found the therapy bet... | 4115ddb0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Maternal obesity is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes , stillbirth , preterm birth , and congenital malformations . While small studies have looked into the effect of prepregnancy bariatric surgery on gestational diabetes , these studies have been inconclusive ... | [
"IMPORTANCE Short-term studies show that bariatric surgery causes remission of diabetes . The long-term outcomes for remission and diabetes-related complications are not known . OBJECTIVES To determine the long-term diabetes remission rates and the cumulative incidence of microvascular and macrovascular diab... | 4115ddec-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background . A number of studies have computed the minimally important difference ( MID ) for health-related quality of life instruments . Objective . To determine whether there is consistency in the magnitude of MID estimates from different instruments . Methods . We conducted a systematic review of the literature... | [
"BACKGROUND There is some evidence that quality of life ( QOL ) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) may predict clinical outcomes and use of re sources . This study examined whether QOL scores could prospect ively predict re-admission for COPD or death within 12 months of an origin... | 4115de32-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Many aspects of long-term pharmacological treatments for anxiety disorders ( AnxDs ) are still debated . We undertook an up date d systematic review of long-term pharmacological studies on panic disorder ( PD ) , generalized anxiety disorder ( GAD ) , and social anxiety disorder ( SAD ) . Relevant studies dati... | [
"Abstract This long-term extension of an 8-week r and omized , naturalistic study in patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia compared the efficacy and safety of clonazepam ( n = 47 ) and paroxetine ( n = 37 ) over a 3-year total treatment duration . Target doses for all patients were 2 ... | 4115de6e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
This study aim ed to investigate whether atrial fibrillation ( AF ) predicts myocardial infa rct ion ( MI ) or cardiovascular ( CV ) death . AF is a well-established risk factor for thrombotic stroke and all-cause mortality . PubMed , EmBase , and Cochrane Central were search ed for articles comparing the inciden... | [
"Aim Anticoagulation prophylaxis for stroke is recommended for at-risk patients with either persistent or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . We compared outcomes in patients with persistent vs. paroxysmal AF receiving oral anticoagulation . Methods and results Patients r and omized in the Rivaroxaban Onc... | 4115deb4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Many interventions delivered to improve health may benefit not only direct recipients but also people in close physical or social proximity . Our objective was to review all published literature about the spillover effects of interventions on health outcomes in low-middle income countries and to identify... | [
"Vaccination of one person may prevent the infection of another either because the vaccine prevents the first from being infected and from infecting the second , or because , even if the first person is infected , the vaccine may render the infection less infectious . We might refer to the first of these mechanis... | 4115def0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Information technology-based interventions are increasingly being used to manage health care . However , there is conflicting evidence regarding whether these interventions improve outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes . OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-... | [
"Sustained improvement in blood glucose control is the only treatment outcome which will reduce or eliminate the long term complications of diabetes mellitus . We have design ed and evaluated an electronic information system which facilitates this task . The system is voice-interactive , physician directed an... | 4115df36-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Cobalamin ( vitamin B12 ) deficiency is particularly common in the elderly ( > 15 % ) . Management of cobalamin deficiency with cobalamin injections is well codified at present , but new routes of cobalamin administration ( oral and nasal ) are being studied , especially oral cobalamin t... | [
"BACKGROUND The st and ard treatment for cobalamin ( vitamin B(12 ) ) deficiency involves regular intramuscular cobalamin injection . It has been suggested that oral cobalamin therapy may be effective for treating patients who have food-cobalamin malabsorption . SUBJECTS AND METHODS We prospect ively studied ... | 4115df72-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The purpose of this article is to disseminate the st and ard of antiemetic therapy for Japanese clinical oncologists . On the basis of the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument , which reflects evidence -based clinical practice guidelines , a working group of the Japanese Society of Clin... | [
"PURPOSE AND METHODS Although a high prevalence of adjustment disorders and anticipatory nausea secondary to adjuvant chemotherapy ( CT ) has been reported , little has been done to develop strategies to prevent these problems . A double-blind , placebo-controlled study was therefore design ed to assess the u... | 4115dfb8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) is the most common emergency involving the gastrointestinal tract occurring in the neonatal period . There have been published reports that suggest that oral immunoglobulins (Ig)A and IgG produce an immunoprotective effect in the gastrointestinal mucosa . OBJECTIVES To... | [
"In the GRADE approach , r and omized trials start as high- quality evidence and observational studies as low- quality evidence , but both can be rated down if most of the relevant evidence comes from studies that suffer from a high risk of bias . Well-established limitations of r and omized trials include failur... | 4115dffe-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Summary A systematic review was conducted to evaluate evidence concerning the effect of non-drug interventions by healthcare professionals on community-dwelling postmenopausal osteoporotic women . Evidence available indicates that such interventions are effective in improving the quality of life , medication compl... | [
"Abstract : The aim of this placebo-controlled , r and omized , single-masked study was to establish the effects of a 10-week ambulatory exercise programme for osteoporotic patients on pain , use of analgesics , functional status , quality of life , balance and muscle strength . Fifty-three ambulatory post... | 4115e03a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Much research has been undertaken to establish the important benefits of physical activity in persons with multiple sclerosis ( MS ) . There is disagreement regarding the strength of this research , perhaps because the majority of studies on physical activity and its benefits have not undergone initial... | [
"Pilot studies for phase III trials - which are comparative r and omized trials design ed to provide preliminary evidence on the clinical efficacy of a drug or intervention - are routinely performed in many clinical areas . Also commonly know as \" feasibility \" or \" vanguard \" studies , they are design ed to ... | 4115e076-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Neck and shoulder disorders may be linked to the presence of myofascial trigger points ( MTrPs ) . These disorders can significantly impact a person ’s activities of daily living and ability to work . MTrPs can be involved with pain sensitization , contributing to acute or chronic neck and shoulder musculosk... | [
"The aim of this case series was to investigate changes in pain and pressure pain sensitivity after manual treatment of active trigger points ( TrPs ) in the shoulder muscles in individuals with unilateral shoulder impingement . Twelve patients ( 7 men , 5 women , age : 25 ± 9 years ) diagnosed with unilateral... | 4115e0b2-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Resistant starch ( RS ) is a starch that can be fermented by the microbial flora within gut lumen . Insulin resistance ( IR ) is a pathophysiological condition related to diabetes and obesity . RS could reduce blood glucose and ameliorate IR in animals , but its effect in human population is controvers... | [
"Background High-amylose maize resistant starch type 2 ( HAM-RS2 ) stimulates gut-derived satiety peptides and reduces adiposity in animals . Human studies have not supported these findings despite improvements in glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity after HAM-RS2 intake which can lower adiposity-relat... | 4115e0f8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Animal and human observational studies suggest that iron deficiency impairs physical exercise performance , but findings from r and omized trials on the effects of iron are equivocal . Iron deficiency and anemia are especially common in women of reproductive age ( WRA ) . Clear evidence of benefit from iron supple... | [
"Our objective was to investigate the effects of iron depletion on adaptation to aerobic exercise , assessed by time to complete a 15-km cycle ergometer test . Forty-two iron-depleted ( serum ferritin 12 g/dl ) women ( 18 - 33 yr old ) received 100 mg of ferrous sulfate ( S ) or placebo ( P ) per day for 6 wk ... | 4115e134-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE A growing body of literature suggests that mindfulness techniques may be beneficial in fibromyalgia . A recent systematic review and meta- analysis of six trials indicated improvement in depressive symptoms and quality of life , calling for increased rigor and use of st and ardized measures ... | [
"Objectives : Published preliminary findings from a r and omized-controlled trial suggest that an 8-week Yoga of Awareness intervention may be effective for improving symptoms , functional deficits , and coping abilities in fibromyalgia . The primary aims of this study were to evaluate the same intervention ’s ... | 4115e170-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Academic improvement is amongst the most common treatment targets when prescribing stimulants to children with ADHD . Previous review s on stimulant-related academic improvements are inconclusive and focus on task engagement . Recent literature suggests outcome -domain-specific medication effects that are larger for ... | [
"Objective : Stimulant medications , such as methylpheni date ( MPH ) , improve the academic performance of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) . However , the mechanism by which MPH exerts an effect on academic performance is unclear . We examined MPH effects on math performance... | 4115e1ac-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Patients with Turner syndrome have adverse bone and cardiovascular outcomes from chronic estrogen deficiency . Hence , long-term estrogen replacement therapy is the cornerstone treatment . The estimates of its effect and optimal use , however , remain uncertain . We aim ed to summarize the benefits and harms of... | [
"A population -based cohort study was done to estimate the incidence of different types of injuries and to evaluate certain risk factors in an urban slum ; 4333 slum dwellers in Madras city in India were r and omly selected by cluster sampling , of whom 1.7 per cent were lost during the 12 months of f... | 4115e1f2-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Objective This systematic review aims to identify generic prognostic factors for disability and sick leave in subacute pain patients . Setting General practice and other primary care facilities . Participants Adults ( > 18 years ) with a subacute ( ≤3-month ) non-malignant pain condition . Eligibility criteria we... | [
"& NA ; A series of health surveys are conducted every sixth to seventh year in Denmark . In the most recent survey of 2000 , a national r and om sample ( > 16 years ) was drawn from the Danish Central Personal Register . Out of the original sample 12,333 ( 74 % ) were interviewed and of these 10,066 retur... | 4115e22e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
This systematic review examines and compares the bone mineral changes in children and adolescents , as measured by dual energy x ray absorptiometry , reported in exercise intervention studies . The effects of hormonal factors and growth on bone mineral change during puberty are examined , and the possibilit... | [
"This paper examines structured opportunities for student physical activity in Ontario elementary and secondary schools . R and om sample s of elementary and secondary schools were selected , and telephone surveys of 353 elementary and 360 secondary school personnel were conducted in 1998 . The findings i... | 4115e26a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVES Musculoskeletal disorders affect a high percentage of dentists , dental hygienists and therapists . Static and awkward working postures are considered as major risk factors . Proper seat selection and use of magnification loupes are promoted for their ergonomic benefits . The aim of this review was to eval... | [
"The chair-side work posture of dental hygienists has long been a concern because of health-related problems potentially caused or exacerbated by poor posture . The purpose of this study was to investigate if using magnification loupes improved dental hygiene students ' posture during provision of treatment . T... | 4115e2b0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study was to systematic ally review all the scientific studies that analyse the effectiveness of mud pack therapy on patients diagnosed with knee OA . METHODS One hundred and fifteen publications were identified through an electronic and manual search and 20 of those studie... | [
"Several authors have demonstrated the pivotal role of proinflammatory cytokines in inducing progressive cartilage degradation and secondary inflammation of the synovial membrane in osteoarthritis ( OA ) . It has recently been established that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha plays a well-defined role in the p... | 4115e2f6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Despite the high morbidity and mortality associated with bipolar depression , the optimal treatment for this phase is still a matter of debate . The aim of the current review was to provide up date d evidence about the efficacy and tolerability of anticonvulsants in the treatment of acute bipolar depression . A... | [
"There is a pressing need for additional treatment options for refractory mood disorders . This controlled comparative study evaluated the efficacy of lamotrigine ( LTG ) and gabapentin ( GBP ) monotherapy versus placebo ( PLC ) . Thirty-one patients with refractory bipolar and unipolar mood disorders partic... | 4115e332-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Context Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is a highly prevalent and underdiagnosed comorbidity of many chronic diseases that is associated with altered intestinal bacterial communities . This association has prompted research into alternative treatments aim ed at modulating intestinal microbiota . Given the ... | [
"Cassia tora fiber supplement consisting of 2 g of soluble fiber extracted from Cassia semen ( C. tora L. ) , 200 mg of alpha-tocopherol , 500 mg of ascorbic acid , and 300 mg of maltodextrin was formulated in a pack , and given to 15 type II diabetic subjects ( seven men and eight women 57.1 + /- 2.9 years ... | 4115e36e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Purpose Our aim was to assess the efficacy of metformin for weight loss in overweight and obese people through a systematic review and network meta- analysis and to identify the most suitable dosage and intervention period for using metformin in adolescents and adults . Methods We search ed data bases for stu... | [
"Objectives . The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in American adolescents has increased markedly during the past generation . Although the factors that contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes are complex and not wholly eluci date d , the triad of severe obesity , hyperinsulinemia , and a family history of ... | 4115e3b4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
INTRODUCTION Fall risk screening tools are frequently used as a part of falls prevention programs in hospitals . Design -related bias in evaluations of tool predictive accuracy could lead to overoptimistic results , which would then contribute to program failure in practice . METHODS A systematic review was underta... | [
"OBJECTIVES To investigate the predictive validity and reliability of the STRATIFY falls risk assessment tool as applied to patients recovering from acute stroke . DESIGN Prospect i ve cohort study . SETTING Six stroke rehabilitation units in the North of Engl and . SUBJECTS All patients with a diagnosis of ... | 4115e3f0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
This systematic review attempts to plug the gap in current evidence by addressing two distinct clinical questions : ( i ) Does community-based vitamin A supplementation in children prevent the occurrence of pneumonia and /or its complications ? and ( ii ) Does addition of vitamin A to st and ard therapeutic pro... | [
"Abstract Objective : To evaluate the effect of simultaneous zinc and vitamin A supplementation on diarrhoea and acute lower respiratory infections in children . Study design : R and omised double blind placebo controlled trial . Setting : Urban slums of Dhaka , Bangladesh . Participants and methods : 80... | 4115e436-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND The use of cementless acetabular components in total hip arthroplasty has gained popularity over the past decade . Most total hip arthroplasties being performed in North America currently use cementless acetabular components . The objective of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to compare ... | [
"We selected r and omly a consecutive series of 162 patients requiring hip replacement to receive either a cementless , hemispherical , modular , titanium acetabular cup or a cemented , all-polyethylene cup . These replacements were performed by two surgeons in four general hospitals . The same surgical techn... | 4115e47c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic widespread pain , tenderness at muscle and tendon insertions point when digital pressure is applied , sleep disorders , chronic fatigue , depressive episodes , anxiety , and other functional somatic syndromes . OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether ... | [
"Several authors have demonstrated the pivotal role of proinflammatory cytokines in inducing progressive cartilage degradation and secondary inflammation of the synovial membrane in osteoarthritis ( OA ) . It has recently been established that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha plays a well-defined role in the p... | 4115e4b8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
In low- and middle-income countries ( LMICs ) , naturally occurring social networks may be particularly vital to health outcomes as extended webs of social ties often are the principal source of various re sources . Underst and ing how social network structure , and influential individuals within the network , may am... | [
"We develop novel mixed effects models to examine the role of health traits on the status of peoples ' close friendship nominations in the Framingham Heart Study . The health traits considered are both mutable ( body mass index ( BMI ) , smoking , blood pressure , body proportion , muscularity , and depression ... | 4115e4fe-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Purpose - We performed a systematic review and meta-analyses to evaluate the early and long-term migration patterns of tibial components of TKR of all known RSA studies . Methods - Migration pattern was defined as at least 2 postoperative RSA follow-up moments . Maximal total point motion ( MTPM ) at 6 weeks , 3 ... | [
"Background We have previously reported that 6 months of oral treatment with clodronate reduced the migration of the NexGen total knee prosthesis during the first postoperative year , as measured by radiostereometry ( RSA ) . We now report the 4-year results . Methods This was a double-blind r and omized ... | 4115e53a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
INTRODUCTION The treatment strategy for appendiceal mass is controversial , ranging from operation or image-guided drainage to conservative treatment with or without antibiotics . The aim of this study was to assess the various treatment modalities with respect to complications and treatment failure . METHO... | [
"OBJECTIVE Given the perceived technical dem and s of laparoscopic appendectomy and the expected postoperative morbidity in patients with a well-defined abscess , initial percutaneous drainage has become an attractive option in this patient population . This strategy allows for a laparoscopic appendectomy to ... | 4115e580-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
ABSTRACT Introduction : Results of previous clinical trials evaluating the effect of resveratrol supplementation on blood pressure ( BP ) are controversial . Purpose : We aim ed to assess the impact of resveratrol on BP through systematic review of literature and meta- analysis of available r and omized , con... | [
"ABSTRACT Objective “ The obesity epidemic ” has led to an increase in obesity-related conditions including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) , for which effective treatments are in dem and . The polyphenol resveratrol prevents the development of experimental NAFLD through modulation of cellular pathway... | 4115e5bc-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
QUESTIONS In people with Parkinson 's disease , does home-based prescribed exercise improve balance-related activities and quality of life compared with no intervention ? Are the effects of home-based exercise similar to those of equivalent centre-based exercise ? DESIGN Systematic review and meta- analysis o... | [
"Objective : To determine whether falls can be prevented with minimally supervised exercise targeting potentially remediable fall risk factors , i.e. , poor balance , reduced leg muscle strength , and freezing of gait , in people with Parkinson disease . Methods : Two hundred thirty-one people with Parkinson... | 4115e5f8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence have indicated the insulin-sensitizing , anti-diabetic and anti-atherosclerotic properties of adiponectin , as well as the inverse association between circulating levels of this adipokine and development of cardiovascular outcomes . Improvement of adiponectin status has been reporte... | [
"Obese AT ( adipose tissue ) exhibits increased macrophage number . Pro-inflammatory CD16 + peripheral monocyte numbers are also reported to increase with obesity . The present study was undertaken to simultaneously investigate obesity-associated changes in CD16 + monocytes and ATMs ( AT macrophages ) . I... | 4115e634-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Importance Vitamin D and calcium supplements are recommended for the prevention of fracture , but previous r and omized clinical trials ( RCTs ) have reported conflicting results , with uncertainty about optimal doses and regimens for supplementation and their overall effectiveness . Objective To assess the risks of ... | [
"Vitamin D insufficiency and low calcium intake contribute to increase parathyroid function and bone fragility in elderly people . Calcium and vitamin D supplements can reverse secondary hyperparathyroidism thus preventing hip fractures , as proved by Decalyos I. Decalyos II is a 2-year , multicenter , r and om... | 4115e67a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Recommendations for zinc intake during childhood vary widely across Europe . The EURRECA project attempts to consoli date the basis for the definition of micronutrient requirements , taking into account relationships among intake , status and health outcomes , in order to harmonise these recommendations . Data on zinc... | [
"Background / Objectives : Zinc is an essential micronutrient and deficiency can lead to an increased risk for infectious diseases and growth retardation among children under 5 years of age . We aim ed to estimate disease-specific and all-cause mortality attributable to zinc deficiency . Subject/ Methods : We... | 4115e6b6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE To up date the evidence on the effectiveness of lumbar supports , education and exercise in the primary prevention of low back pain at the workplace . METHODS A computerized search for controlled clinical trials published between 1997 and 2002 was conducted , and the method ological quality of the studi... | [
"A clinical trial , aim ed at secondary prevention of low-back pain , was performed in 142 hospital employees reporting at least three annual episodes of this condition . Participants were r and omly assigned to one of three groups : a calisthenics program ( CAL ) for 3 months with biweekly sessions of flexi... | 4115e6fc-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE Structured patient education programs can reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications . However , people appear to have difficulties attending face-to-face education and alternatives are needed . This review looked at the impact of computer-based diabetes self-management interventions on health sta... | [
"OBJECTIVE To test whether adding mobile application coaching and patient/provider web portals to community primary care compared with st and ard diabetes management would reduce glycated hemoglobin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cluster-r and omized clinical t... | 4115e738-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background The relationship between training load and musculoskeletal injury is a rapidly advancing area of research in need of an up date d systematic review . Objective This systematic review examined the evidence for the relationship between training load and musculoskeletal injury risk in athlete , military , and ... | [
"Objective In this study , the injury incidence and association with type and volume of training in international rowers were described . Design A prospect i ve cohort design was used over a 12-month period . Patients 20 international rowers who were competing as part of the Irish Amateur Rowing Union squad sy... | 4115e774-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Poor wound healing and scar formation remain critical problems in daily surgical practice . Generally , most attention is paid to intra- and postoperative interventions to improve wound healing after surgery , while preoperative interventions remain unsatisfactorily explored . Objectives In this syst... | [
"Abstract Although medical hypnosis has a long history of myriad functional applications ( pain reduction , procedural preparation etc . ) , it has been little tested for site-specific effects on physical healing per se . In this r and omized controlled trial , we compared the relative efficacy of an adjunctive hy... | 4115e7b0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE The effect of fructose on cardiometabolic risk in humans is controversial . We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis of controlled feeding trials to clarify the effect of fructose on glycemic control in individuals with diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We search ed MEDLINE , EMBASE... | [
"BACKGROUND Excessive energy intake tends to increase circulating levels of insulin and free insulin-like growth factor-1 ( IGF-I ) , which may increase risk of some cancers that are common in Western countries . However , the relative importance of these hormonal factors during pre-adulthood and adulthood is unkno... | 4115e7ec-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE To examine the evidence underpinning recommendations to increase calcium intake through dietary sources or calcium supplements to prevent fractures . DESIGN Systematic review of r and omised controlled trials and observational studies of calcium intake with fracture as an endpoint . Results from trials we... | [
"Dietary data from a prospect i ve study were used to relate factors influencing calcium balance ( estimates of dietary calcium intake , protein intake from nondairy animal sources ( meat , fish , and eggs ) , and coffee consumption ) to the incidence of hip fracture . During the years 1977 - 1983 , wo... | 4115e832-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The paper refers to the recently published empirical data and systematic review s on the impact of diets , foods , nutrients and bioactive substance exposures in pregnancy and in early infancy , on the development of atopic disorders . The results of studies referring to a broad range on dietary factors are m... | [
"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE : Relative deficiency of dietary omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( n-3 PUFA ) has been implicated in the rising allergy prevalence in Westernized countries . Fish oil supplementation may provide an intervention strategy for primary allergy prevention . The objective of this study was... | 4115e86e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Resistance training ( RT ) is thought to be effective in preventing muscle depletion , whereas endurance training ( ET ) is known to improve exercise capacity and health-related quality of life ( HRQoL ) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) . Our objectives were to assess the efficiency of combinin... | [
"PURPOSE The primary goal of pulmonary rehabilitation ( PR ) is for patients to achieve and maintain their maximum level of independence and functioning in the community . Traditional PR uses a predominantly aerobic/endurance approach to rehabilitation with little or no inclusion of exercises to increase st... | 4115e8aa-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Objective : We undertook a meta- analysis of published R and omized Controlled Trials ( RCT ) with semi-active control and sham-NF groups to determine whether Electroencephalogram-neurofeedback ( EEG-NF ) significantly improves the overall symptoms , inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity dimensions for probably... | [
"Electroencephalography (EEG)-neurofeedback has been shown to offer therapeutic benefits to patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) in several , mostly uncontrolled studies . This pilot study is design ed to test the feasibility and safety of using a double-blind placebo feedback-con... | 4115e8f0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Objective To evaluate the potential effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 monoclonal antibody ( PCSK9-mAb ) on high-sensitivity C reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) concentrations . Design A systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omised controlled trials . Data sources PubMed , MEDLINE , the Coch... | [
"BACKGROUND Increased levels of the inflammatory biomarker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein predict cardiovascular events . Since statins lower levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein as well as cholesterol , we hypothesized that people with elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels but withou... | 4115e92c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Purpose No study has summarized earlier findings on the effect of probiotic supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers . This systematic review and meta- analysis was conducted to systematic ally review the available placebo-controlled clinical trials about the effect of probiotic supplementation on several ... | [
"BACKGROUND According to previous studies , probiotic and prebiotic supplementation have desirable effects on glycemic parameters . Thus far , the effect of supplementation on the glycemic parameters and adipokines in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) has not been assessed . Therefore , the aim of t... | 4115e986-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Genetic risk prediction of chronic conditions including obesity , diabetes and CVD currently has limited predictive power but its potential to engage healthy behaviour change has been of immense research interest . We aim ed to underst and whether the latter is indeed true by conducting a systematic review and meta- an... | [
"Type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) is associated with increased risk of morbidity and premature mortality . Among those at high risk , incidence can be halved through healthy changes in behaviour . Information about genetic and phenotypic risk of T2D is now widely available . Whether such information motivates behaviour ... | 4115e9d6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND People with fragile X syndrome ( FXS ) have an intellectual dysfunction that can range from very mild to severe . Symptoms can include speech and language delays and behavioural difficulties such as aggression or self injurious behaviours , emotional lability , and anxiety-related problems ( for example ob... | [
"OBJECTIVE To determine whether acetyl-L-carnitine ( ALC ) , a metabolite necessary for energy metabolism and essential fatty acid anabolism , might help attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) . Trials in Down 's syndrome , migraine , and Alzheimer 's disease showed benefit for attention . A prelimin... | 4115ea12-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The comparison between haemorrhoidal treatments is still unclear . Attempts have been made to adopt a unifying postoperative scoring system and thus ensure adequate comparison between clinical trials . We aim ed to systematic ally review the available outcome scores of haemorrhoidal treatment . MEDLINE / Pubmed , W... | [
"Abstract Background The aim of the study was to compare ligation anopexy ( LA ) and conventional hemorrhoidectomy ( CH ) in treatment of second- and third-degree hemorrhoids . Methods A prospect i ve controlled r and omized clinical trial included 100 patients who underwent CH ( CH group ) and 100 patie... | 4115ea4e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE The use of behavioral interventions has been shown to improve glycemic control , however , the effectiveness of different behavioral interventions in one of the most high risk population s , African Americans , remains unclear . Our systematic review identified and examined findings of published beha... | [
"OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations between psychosocial and social-environmental variables and diabetes self-management , and diabetes control . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Baseline data from a type 2 diabetes self-management r and omized trial with 463 adults having elevated BMI ( M = 34.8 kg/m2 ) were used... | 4115ea8a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Purpose Fatigue is a subjective complaint that is believed to be multifactorial in its etiology and multidimensional in its expression . Fatigue may be experienced by individuals in different dimensions as physical , mental , and emotional tiredness . The purpose s of this study were to review and characterize the use ... | [
"OBJECTIVES Complaints of fatigue are frequent in patients with obstructive sleep apnea ( OSA ) ; however , the impact of continuous positive airway pressure ( CPAP ) on fatigue remains unclear . METHODS Fifty-nine men and women with OSA were r and omly assigned to therapeutic or placebo CPAP in a double-... | 4115ead0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background and purpose : Among members of the health care team , nurses play a large role in actively engaging stroke survivors in secondary stroke prevention programs . This systematic review and meta- analysis examines the effectiveness of interventions in which nurses have a primary role on modification of risk ... | [
"Background Enhanced secondary preventive follow-up after stroke or transient ischemic attack ( TIA ) is necessary for improved adherence to recommendations regarding blood pressure ( BP ) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) levels . We investigated whether nurse-led , telephone-based follow-up ... | 4115eb0c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Anxiety disorders ( generalized anxiety disorder , panic disorder/agoraphobia , social anxiety disorder , and others ) are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders , and are associated with a high burden of illness . Anxiety disorders are often underrecognized and undertreated in primary care . Treatment is indicated w... | [
"OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the efficacy of agomelatine , the first antidepressant that is an agonist at MT(1)/MT(2 ) receptors and an antagonist at 5-HT(2C ) receptor , in the prevention of relapse of depression following successful response . METHOD Patients with DSM-IV-TR major depressive disorder who... | 4115eb48-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The aim of this systematic review and dose-response meta- analysis was to determine the effect of Nigella Sativa ( N.S ) supplementation on liver and kidney parameters . We search ed PubMed , Scopus , ISI Web of Science , Cochrane central register for controlled trials and Google Scholar from data base inception ... | [
"Background Adjustment for prognostic covariates can lead to increased power in the analysis of r and omized trials . However , adjusted analyses are not often performed in practice . Methods We used simulation to examine the impact of covariate adjustment on 12 outcomes from 8 studies across a range of th... | 4115eb84-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to perform a meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) examining the efficacy of fibrate therapy in reducing plasma concentration or activity of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 ( PAI-1 ) . METHODS Scopus and MEDLINE data bases were search ed ( up to ... | [
"Abstract Background : The lipid-lowering effect of fenofibrate is accompanied by a rise in plasma homocysteine ( HCY ) , a potential risk factor for venous thromboembolism ( VTE ) . This study investigated the relationship between HCY and the risk of VTE in patients treated with fenofibrate . Methods :... | 4115ebc0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
AIMS Overactive bladder ( OAB ) affects over 17 % of the population and significantly effect the health-related quality of life . The treatments for OAB include first line ( lifestyle modification , pelvic floor muscle training ) , second line ( anticholinergic or beta-3 agonist medications ) , and third line ... | [
"Objective To verify whether the combination of transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation ( TENS ) with oxybutynin in the treatment of women with overactive bladder ( OAB ) would be more effective than isolated treatments . Methods We r and omized 75 women with OAB , in three groups : GI—30 min TENS , twi... | 4115ebfc-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
formation of large informatic data bases , or clinical quality registries , linking preoperative and intraoperative clinical data , imaging , genomics , and cancer and drug prescription data bases . From a clinical perspective , we forsee patients undergoing the same operation receiving a different anaesthetic depe... | [
"Underst and ing the impact of rheological properties of food on postpr and ial appetite and glycemic response helps to design novel functional products . It has been shown that solid foods have a stronger satiating effect than their liquid equivalent . However , whether a subtle change in viscosity of a semi-sol... | 4115ec38-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Increasing age and post-menopausal status are associated with decreasing and rogen concentrations in females . Women with premature loss of ovarian function , such as primary ovarian insufficiency ( POI ) or iatrogenic menopause may be at increased risk for diminished testosterone levels at a relatively yo... | [
"The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal ( HPA ) axis is modulated by sex hormones . Few data exist on the relation between acute estrogen deficit and HPA axis response to corticotropin-releasing hormone ( CRH ) . The effects of a sudden drop in estradiol levels on basal and CRH-stimulated levels of ACTH , cortisol ... | 4115ec74-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE To develop an evidence -based guideline to help clinicians make decisions about when and how to safely taper and stop benzodiazepine receptor agonists ( BZRAs ) ; to focus on the highest level of evidence available and seek input from primary care professionals in the guideline development , review , and ... | [
"Abstract Twenty-four volunteers ( 19 women and five men ) with insomnia and a history of chronic use of benzodiazepine hypnotics participated in a r and omized , double blind , controlled clinical trial . The study was design ed to assess the effects of substituting zopiclone ( ZOP ) – as an hypnotic – a... | 4115ecba-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Objectives : To systematic ally review and meta-analyse existing evidence on the association between folate/B12 , and depression among the aged people . Methods : Following PRISMA /STROBE guidelines , the Medline abstract s were retrieved using an algorithm comprising relevant MeSH terms . Publications on the assoc... | [
"BACKGROUND Depression is common and the efficacy of antidepressants is suboptimal . High plasma homocysteine has been consistently associated with depression , and treatment with certain B vitamins demonstrably reduces its concentration . AIMS To determine whether vitamins B6 , B12 and folic acid enhance resp... | 4115ecec-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Purpose of Review Purpose of Review Management of treatment-resistant ( TR ) panic disorder ( PD ) is an unresolved issue . In this paper , we provide a brief summary of previous findings , an up date d ( 2015–2017 ) systematic review of pharmacological/non-pharmacological studies , and our personal perspective on th... | [
"Background Open-label quetiapine coadministration with SSRI therapy , in a diagnostically mixed sample of comorbid anxiety patients , offered additional anxiolytic benefit . Therefore , we design ed the following controlled trial to confirm these findings in a comorbid , SSRI-resistant , panic disorder ( PD )... | 4115ed32-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background : Evidence from r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) suggests the consumption of konjac glucomannan ( KJM ) , a viscous soluble fiber , for improving LDL-cholesterol concentrations . It has also been suggested that the cholesterol-lowering potential of KJM may be greater than that of other fibers ... | [
"OBJECTIVES Changes in body composition and blood chemistries between overweight adult subjects receiving a supplement containing either 3 g of konjac glucomannan/300 mg calcium carbonate or a placebo containing only 300 mg of calcium carbonate were compared as the primary objective . A secondary objectiv... | 4115ed78-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
INTRODUCTION Ovarian cancer ( OC ) is the third most common gynecologic malignancy worldwide . Most of cases it is of epithelial origin . At the present time there is not a st and ardized screening method , which makes difficult the early diagnosis . The 5-year survival is 90 % for early stages , however most cases p... | [
"A hospital-based case-control study of ovarian cancer was conducted in London and Oxford between October 1978 and February 1983 . Menstrual characteristics , reproductive and contraceptive history and history of exposure to various environmental factors were compared between 235 women with histologically diag... | 4115edb4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND ACE inhibitors are widely prescribed for hypertension so it is essential to determine and compare their effects on blood pressure ( BP ) , heart rate and withdrawals due to adverse effects ( WDAE ) . OBJECTIVES To quantify the dose-related systolic and /or diastolic BP lowering efficacy of ACE inhibit... | [
"Fourteen patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were r and omized , after a baseline placebo period of 4 weeks , to receive the angiotensin converting enzyme ( ACE ) inhibitor quinapril or a placebo . During a 12 week , double-blind phase , the dosage of quinapril was increased from 10 to ... | 4115edf0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND : Hormone therapy ( HT ) is widely provided for control of menopausal symptoms and has been used for the management and prevention of cardiovascular disease , osteoporosis and dementia in older women . This is an up date d version of a Cochrane review first published in 2005 . OBJECTIVES : To asses... | [
"Currently raloxifene , a selective estrogen receptor modulator , is being investigated as a potential alternative for postmenopausal hormone replacement to prevent osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease . We compared the 2-year effects of raloxifene on a wide range of cardiovascular risk factors with those ... | 4115ee36-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Previous studies have yielded conflicting results and substantial uncertainty about any independent association of Helicobacter pylori infection with dyspepsia , and about any benefits of antibiotic treatments for nonulcer or uninvestigated dyspepsia . OBJECTIVES To perform a systematic review of the l... | [
"The aim of this study was to determine the effect of colloidal bismuth subcitrate ( De Nol ) on symptoms and gastric histology in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia . In a single centre trial , patients with food related upper abdominal pain not caused by ulcer disease were r and omised to receive one table... | 4115ee72-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE To compile and critique research on the diagnostic accuracy of individual orthopaedic physical examination tests in a manner that would allow clinicians to judge whether these tests are valuable to their practice . METHODS A computer-assisted literature search of MEDLINE , CINAHL , and SPORTD iscus data ... | [
"Purpose To evaluate a new clinical test , the resisted supination external rotation test , for the diagnosis of superior labral anterior posterior lesions of the shoulder . Study Design Cohort study ( diagnosis ) ; Level of evidence , 2 . Methods Forty athletes ( average age , 23.9 years ) with activity-relat... | 4115eeb8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Obesity is a growing global health concern that may lead to cardiovascular disease , type II diabetes , and cancer . Several systematic review s have shown that technology is successful in combating obesity through increased physical activity , but there is no known review on interventions that use an elect... | [
"Overweight and obesity affects more than 66 % of the adult population and is associated with a variety of chronic diseases . Weight reduction reduces health risks associated with chronic diseases and is therefore encouraged by major health agencies . Guidelines of the National Heart , Lung , and Blood Institute ( ... | 4115eef4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Hydrotherapy is often used in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome ( FMS ) , however there has been limited evaluation of its effectiveness . The aim of this systematic review was therefore to examine the effectiveness of hydrotherapy in the management of FMS . AMED , BNI , CINAHL , The Cochrane Library , EMBAS... | [
"OBJECTIVES To study the effect of a combination of thalassotherapy , exercise and patient education in people with fibromyalgia . METHODS Patients with fibromyalgia , selected from a rheumatology out-patient department and from members of the Dutch fibromyalgia patient association , were pre-r and omized to r... | 4115ef3a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Atrial fibrillation is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia . Its prevalence increases with age and preferentially affects male patients . Over 75 years of age , however , female patients being more prevalent , the absolute number of patients affected is similar between sexes . Despite this , few data are avai... | [
"BACKGROUND Amiodarone use was associated with an increased need for pacemaker insertion in a retrospective study of patients with atrial fibrillation ( AF ) and prior myocardial infa rct ion . The aims of this study were to determine prospect ively whether amiodarone increases the need for pacemakers in ... | 4115ef76-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVES Resin composite sealants are retained longer than low-viscosity glass-ionomer sealants . Nevertheless , a systematic review showed that there is no evidence that resin composite sealants are superior to low-viscosity glass-ionomers in preventing dentine carious lesion development . This case study ai... | [
"The aim of the present trial was to ( 1 ) compare the caries-preventive effect of glass ionomer sealants , placed according to the atraumatic restorative treatment ( ART ) procedure , with composite resin sealants over time and ( 2 ) investigate the caries-preventive effect after complete disappearance of ... | 4115efb2-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Implant survivorship is reported to be lower and complications , particularly bearing dislocation , are reported to be more frequent in Asian than in Western patients with medial knee osteoarthritis ( OA ) undergoing Oxford ® Phase III unicompartmental knee arthroplasty ( UKA ) . To date , however , thes... | [
"& NA ; This prospect i ve study was performed to investigate whether postoperative alternate flexion and extension splinting ( daily change in position of immobilization by splinting ) was useful in restoring full range of motion ( ROM ) after total knee arthroplasty as compared with continuous passive motio... | 4115efee-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Introduction : The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of root‐end preparation and filling material on endodontic surgery outcome . A systematic review and meta‐ analysis was conducted to determine the outcome of resin‐based endodontic surgery ( RES , the use of high‐magnification preparati... | [
"INTRODUCTION Recent meta-analyses of the outcome of apical surgery using modern techniques including microsurgical principles and high-power magnification have yielded higher rates of healing . However , the information is mainly based on 1- to 2-year follow-up data . The present prospect i ve study was design... | 4115f02a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Tree nut consumption has been associated with reduced diabetes risk , however , results from r and omized trials on glycemic control have been inconsistent . OBJECTIVE To provide better evidence for diabetes guidelines development , we conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized cont... | [
"Walnuts are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and have been shown to improve various cardiometabolic risk factors . We aim ed to investigate the association between walnut intake and incident type 2 diabetes in 2 large cohort studies : the Nurses ’ Health Study ( NHS ) and NHS II . We prospect ively foll... | 4115f070-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Overtraining syndrome ( OTS ) , functional ( FOR ) and non-functional overreaching ( NFOR ) are conditions diagnosed in athletes with decreased performance and fatigue , triggered by metabolic , immune , hormonal and other dysfunctions and result ed from an imbalance between training stress and proper re... | [
"The present investigation compared responses in previously identified physiological , biochemical , and psychological markers of overreaching in triathletes . Sixteen experienced male triathletes ( .VO(2max ) [ mean + /- SD ] = 55.7 + /- 4.9 mL . kg ( -1 ) . min ( -1 ) , age = 31.3 + /- 11.7 yr ) were divided in... | 4115f0ac-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of different physical exercise interventions on the lipid profile ( high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , total cholesterol ( TC ) , and triglycerides ( TG ) ) of obese chi... | [
"INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that physical training ( PT ) , especially high-intensity PT , would have a favorable effect on components of the insulin resistance syndrome ( IRS ) in obese adolescents . METHODS Obese 13- to 16-yr-olds ( N = 80 ) were r and omly assigned ... | 4115f0e8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Iodine deficiency is the leading preventable cause of intellectual impairment in the world . Although iodine supplementation is generally considered to be safe , there is a possibility of high doses of iodine suppressing maternal thyroid function . OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to assess the ... | [
"Reduced maternal thyroid hormone concentrations during pregnancy can adversely affect fetal neurological development . In the context of national iodine supplementation programmes , concern has been expressed over the theoretical possibility that iodine supplementation during pregnancy might adversely affect f... | 4115f12e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
CONTEXT Sedentary time spent with screen media is associated with obesity among children and adults . Obesity has potentially serious health consequences , such as heart disease and diabetes . This Community Guide systematic review examined the effectiveness and economic efficiency of behavioral interventions aim e... | [
"BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown television watching to be a risk factor for the development of obesity in children . The effect of reducing television watching and other sedentary behaviors as a component of a comprehensive obesity treatment program has not been thoroughly tested . OBJECTIVE To c... | 4115f16a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
ABSTRACT Virtual environments ( VEs ) have demonstrated promise as a neuropsychological assessment modality and may be well suited for the evaluation of children suspected of having an autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ) . Some recent studies indicate their potential for enhancing reliability , ecologically validity ... | [
"In this initial pilot study , a controlled clinical comparison was made of attention perforance in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) in a virtual reality ( VR ) classroom . Ten boys diagnosed with ADHD and ten normal control boys participated in the study . Groups did not signifi... | 4115f1a6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The clinical efficacy and safety of bariatric surgery trials were systematic ally review ed . MEDLINE , EMBASE , CENTRAL were search ed to February 2009 . A basic PubCrawler alert was run until March 2010 . Trial registries , HTA websites and systematic review s were search ed . Manufacturers were contacted . R and o... | [
" Eighty-seven morbidly obese patients were prospect ively r and omized to two operations : gastric bypass was performed on 42 and gastric partition on 45 . Gastric bypass proved to be more effective ; gastric bypass patients lost 15 % more of their original weight at 12 months and 21 % more at 18 mont... | 4115f1e2-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Study design : Systemic review Objective : We carried out a systematic review and meta- analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of phosphodieterase-5 ( PDE5 ) inhibitors on erectile dysfunction ( ED ) secondary to spinal cord injury ( SCI ) . Methods : A literature review was performed to identify all publ... | [
"Abstract Objectives : Approximately one third to one half of the penis is embedded in the pelvis and can be felt through the scrotum and in the perineum . The main arteries and nerves enter the penis through this perineal part of the penis , which seems to represent a highly sensitive area . We investigated the hy... | 4115f228-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The aim of this systematic review was to find evidence -based support in the literature to allow immediate unrestricted weight bearing after primary uncemented total hip arthroplasty ( THA ) . Accelerated rehabilitation programs for THA are becoming increasingly popular to shorten hospital stay and to facilitat... | [
"Background In uncemented total hip arthroplasty with hydroxyapatite coating , early weight bearing is frequently practice d but there is still not much evidence to support this recommendation . Method In a prospect i ve r and omized study we evaluated the effect of partial and full weight bearing after cemen... | 4115f264-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Importance Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia and increases the risk of stroke . Objective To review the evidence on screening for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation with electrocardiography ( ECG ) and stroke prevention treatment in asymptomatic adults 65 years or older to inform the US Preventiv... | [
"BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although the efficacy of anticoagulant therapy for primary prevention of stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation ( NVAF ) has been established , efficacy of antiplatelet therapy for low-risk patients is disputable in Japanese patients because of the frequent hemorrhag... | 4115f2a0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
There is an ongoing debate about the possible influences of nonnutritive sweeteners ( NNS ) on body weight . We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) with NNS to assess their impact on body weight . We systematic ally search ed for RCTs at least 4 weeks in dur... | [
"Objective To evaluate the effects of water versus beverages sweetened with non‐nutritive sweeteners ( NNS ) on body weight in subjects enrolled in a year‐long behavioral weight loss treatment program . Methods The study used a r and omized equivalence design with NNS or water beverages as the main factor i... | 4115f2dc-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background The cumulative effect of too much sedentary behavior may contribute to weight gain and obesity . Objective The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta- analysis of prospect i ve cohorts and r and omized controlled studies to determine the association between sedentary behav... | [
"Overweight and obesity affects more than 66 % of the adult population and is associated with a variety of chronic diseases . Weight reduction reduces health risks associated with chronic diseases and is therefore encouraged by major health agencies . Guidelines of the National Heart , Lung , and Blood Institute ( ... | 4115f3c2-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The aim of this study was to systematic ally review the available studies measuring the bond strength of orthodontic bracket-adhesive system under different experimental conditions in vivo . Literature search was performed in four different data bases : PubMed , Web of Science , Cochrane , and Scopus using the keyw... | [
"Objective To evaluate the shear bond strength of precoated orthodontic brackets bonded with self-etching primer relative to that of noncoated conventionally-bonded brackets at two different time intervals . Methods Twenty-one subjects were selected for r and omized split-mouth bonding of two types of brackets t... | 4115f43a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
CONTEXT GH deficiency ( GHD ) of the adult is a clinical condition characterized by the presence of several traditional and emerging cardiovascular risk factors that can significantly increase cardiovascular morbidity and mortality . It is still an open issue whether GH replacement is able not only to improve ... | [
"1 . In adult humans with growth hormone deficiency , treatment with growth hormone has recently been shown to have major anabolic effects and to improve exercise performance . The cardiovascular effects of growth hormone in adults with growth hormone deficiency were examined in 24 patients treated with ... | 4115f4a8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE Several antiepileptic drugs ( AEDs ) have been associated with a detrimental effect on bone health through a reduction in serum vitamin D. Subsequently , several studies have investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation in persons with epilepsy being treated with AEDs . The present systematic revi... | [
"Flaws in the design , conduct , analysis , and reporting of r and omised trials can cause the effect of an intervention to be underestimated or overestimated . The Cochrane Collaboration ’s tool for assessing risk of bias aims to make the process clearer and more",
"The bone mineral content ( B.M.C. ) in bot... | 4115f4ee-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Physical activity ( PA ) practice has been inversely associated to body fat ( BF ) and recommended as a way to reduce and prevent obesity . The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review on the association of PA and BF in adolescence . METHODS The review includes 18 longitudinal st... | [
"Overweight and obesity affects more than 66 % of the adult population and is associated with a variety of chronic diseases . Weight reduction reduces health risks associated with chronic diseases and is therefore encouraged by major health agencies . Guidelines of the National Heart , Lung , and Blood Institute ( ... | 4115f52a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread muscular tenderness , pain , fatigue , and cognitive difficulties . Nonpharmacological treatment options , such as physical activity , are important for people with fibromyalgia . There are strong recommendations to support engagement in p... | [
"Background —There is evidence that aerobic exercise improves functional capacity in patients with New York Heart Association ( NYHA ) class II and III chronic heart failure . However , it is unknown whether dancing is safe and able to improve functional capacity in patients with chronic heart failure . ... | 4115f566-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
We developed an evidence -based practice guideline to support occupational safety and health ( OSH ) professionals in assessing the risk due to lifting and in selecting effective preventive measures for low back pain ( LBP ) in the Netherl and s. The guideline was developed at the request of the Dutch governm... | [
" Nursing staff are at risk for musculoskeletal injuries because of the physical nature of patient h and ling . The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of a multifaceted minimal-lift environment on reported equipment use , musculoskeletal injury rates , and workers ’ compensation costs for ... | 4115f5a2-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Objective To reveal the effects of consumer-oriented health information technologies ( CHITs ) on patient outcomes in diabetes management over time through systematic review and meta- analysis . Methods We search ed 5 electronic data bases ( from data base inception to July 2016 ) for studies that reported on r ... | [
"Background To determine whether an internet-based mentoring program can improve glycemic control in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus ( T1DM ) . Methods Subjects with T1DM on intensive insulin therapy and with hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c ) ≥8.0 % were r and omized to mentored ( glucometer transmission w... | 4115f5de-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
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