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BACKGROUND Operative techniques commonly used for fissure in ano include : anal stretch , open lateral sphincterotomy , closed lateral sphincterotomy , posterior midline sphincterotomy and to a lesser extent dermal flap coverage of the fissure . Reports of direct comparisons between operative techniques for anal ... | [
"The extent of sphincter division by the subcutaneous or the open technique is examined by comparing the change in anal canal pressure after either method of sphincterotomy in twenty‐eight patients with chronic anal fissure r and omly allocated . In all patients the fissures healed at one month with sig... | 4115f624-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Objective : Persistent long-term benefits after discontinuation of treatment have been suggested for blood pressure-lowering and lipid-lowering treatment . We conducted a systematic review to assess the long-term effects of blood pressure ( BP ) lowering ( BPL ) and lipid lowering on all-cause and cardiovascula... | [
"BACKGROUND The effects of cholesterol-lowering treatment with statins on mortality and risk of cancer beyond the usual 5 - 6-year trial periods are unknown . We extended post-trial follow-up of participants in the Sc and inavian Simvastatin Survival Study ( 4S ) to investigate cause-specific mortality and ... | 4115f660-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background The purpose was to : 1 ) perform a systematic review of studies examining the relation between physical activity , fitness , and health in school-aged children and youth , and 2 ) make recommendations based on the findings . Methods The systematic review was limited to 7 health indicators : high blood chol... | [
"BACKGROUND Little is known about how the intensity of exercise influences cardiovascular fitness and body composition , especially in obese adolescents . OBJECTIVE Our goal was to determine the effects of physical training intensity on the cardiovascular fitness , percentage of body fat ( % BF ) , and visce... | 4115f69c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Obesity and Consequences The prevalence of overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportion , with the recent figures from the World Health Organization indicating that in 2016 39 % of adults aged ≥18 years ( 39 % of men and 40 % of women ) were overweight and 13 % ( 11 % of men and 15 % of women ) obese . The ... | [
"It has long been proposed that the renin-angiotensin system exerts a stimulatory influence on the sympathetic nervous system , including augmentation of central sympathetic outflow and presynaptic facilitation of norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerves . We tested this proposition in 19 patients with essen... | 4115f6d8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Fatigue is not only a familiar symptom in our daily lives , but also a common ailment that affects all of our bodily systems . Several r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) have proven Tai Chi to be beneficial for patients suffering from fatigue , however conclusive evidence is still lacking . A syst... | [
"Background Patients suffering from Multiple Sclerosis ( MS ) experience a wide array of symptoms , including balance problems , mobility impairment , fatigue and depression . Physical exercise has recently been acknowledged as a treatment option complementary to medication . However , information regarding... | 4115f714-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
This systematic review examines critically the scientific basis for Canada 's Physical Activity Guide for Healthy Active Living for adults . Particular reference is given to the dose-response relationship between physical activity and premature all-cause mortality and seven chronic diseases ( cardiovascular ... | [
"CONTEXT Physical activity can reduce the risk of hip fractures in older women , although the required type and duration of activity have not been determined . Walking is the most common activity among older adults , and evidence suggests that it can increase femoral bone density and reduce fracture risk... | 4115f750-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Introduction This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of nickel‐titanium ( NiTi ) rotary files compared to stainless‐steel ( SST ) h and files . Methods An electronic search was performed on Medline , EMBASE , CENTRAL and Scopus data bases up to February 2016 . An additional h and search ing was perform... | [
"INTRODUCTION Up-to- date studies comparing endodontic treatment versus implant-supported prosthesis have shown similar clinical outcome and survival rates . However , no data are available comparing both treatment modalities based on the patient 's perception of quality of life . This study was design ed t... | 4115f78c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental sequelae in preterm born children are generally considered to result from cerebral white matter damage and noxious effects of environmental factors in the neonatal intensive care unit ( NICU ) . Cerebral white matter damage is associated with sensory processing problems in terms of regis... | [
"OBJECTIVES Although most infants born prematurely do not have major developmental problems , those with perinatal medical problems and lengthy stays in the neonatal intensive care unit are at risk for sensory modulation problems and developmental sequelae . This study compared sensory responsiveness in preterm ... | 4115f7c8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Although beta blockers have been used as initial therapy for ischemic heart diseases and heart failure , the beneficial effects of beta blockers are controversial compared with other antihypertensive agents as initial therapy for hypertension without compelling indications . Moreover , atenolol has been most comm... | [
"Recent studies have suggested a differential influence of mean pressure and pulse pressure on myocardial infa rct ion and stroke , and differences among the major drugs in their efficacy at preventing these individual endpoints . We hypothesized that antihypertensive drugs have differing influences upon the pulse ... | 4115f804-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Generalised anxiety disorder ( GAD ) is a highly prevalent condition , characterised by excessive worry or anxiety about everyday events and problems . The effectiveness and effectiveness of psychological therapies as a group has not yet been evaluated in the treatment of GAD . OBJECTIVES To examine the ... | [
"Nondirective ( ND ) , applied relaxation ( AR ) , and cognitive behavioral ( CBT ) therapies for generalized anxiety disorder ( GAD ) were compared . The latter 2 conditions were generally equivalent in outcome but superior to ND at post assessment . The 3 conditions did not differ on several process measures ... | 4115f840-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Home-based resistance exercise is commonly used for individuals who might not have access or the ability to use traditional resistance exercise . However , the extent to which home-based resistance exercise can improve both strength and functional ability has not been investigated in healthy older individual... | [
"Muscle mass decreases with age , leading to \" sarcopenia , \" or low relative muscle mass , in elderly people . Sarcopenia is believed to be associated with metabolic , physiologic , and functional impairments and disability . Methods of estimating the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated risks in elder... | 4115f87c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Eight out of 10 major antihypertensive trials in older adults attempted to achieve a target systolic blood pressure ( BP ) less than 160 mmHg . Collectively these trials demonstrated benefit for treatment , as compared to no treatment , for an older adult with BP greater than 160 mmHg . However an even low... | [
"AIM Reduction of elevated blood pressure ( BP ) has been an important treatment goal in elderly hypertensive patients . However , it has been reported that an excessive reduction of systolic BP to less than 120mmHg might be harmful in such patients . We investigated whether this was the case in a study which a... | 4115f8cc-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Growing evidence underlines the pivotal role of infant gut colonization in the development of the immune system . The possibility to modify gut colonization through probiotic supplementation in childhood might prevent atopic diseases . The aim of the present systematic review and meta- analysis was to evaluate th... | [
"The immunological composition of breast milk differs between mothers . The reasons for these differences and the consequences for the breast-fed infants are poorly understood . The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri supplementation on the immunological composition... | 4115f908-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND The use of aspirin is well established for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease . However , a proportion of patients suffer repeat cardiovascular events despite being prescribed aspirin treatment . It is uncertain whether or not this is due to an inherent inability of aspirin to sufficiently mo... | [
"OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between thromboembolic complications and antiplatelet drugs before and after neurointervention . METHODS Blood sample s and radiographic data of patients who received a neurointervention ( coil embolization , stent placement or both ) were co... | 4115f944-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND : Few individual clinical trials have had sufficient subject numbers to definitively determine the effects of postoperative analgesia on major outcomes . METHODS : We systematic ally search ed the Medline and the Cochrane Library data bases for the past decade and focused on meta-analyses and large , r and... | [
"Background —In patients with ischemic heart disease , high thoracic epidural analgesia ( TEA ) has been proposed to improve abnormalities of coronary function by inhibiting cardiac sympathetic tone . We evaluated the effect of TEA on myocardial blood flow in patients with ischemic heart disease . Metho... | 4115f980-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background There is growing interest in having objective assessment of health-related outcomes using technology-based devices that provide unbiased measurements which can be used in clinical practice and scientific research . Many studies have investigated the clinical manifestations of Parkinson ’s disease using... | [
"A new ambulatory method of monitoring physical activities in Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) patients is proposed based on a portable data -logger with three body-fixed inertial sensors . A group of ten PD patients treated with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation ( STN-DBS ) and ten normal control subjec... | 4115f9c6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND The effects of nuts on major cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors , including dose-responses and potential heterogeneity by nut type or phytosterol content , are not well established . OBJECTIVES We examined the effects of tree nuts ( walnuts , pistachios , macadamia nuts , pecans , cashews , almon... | [
"In a r and omized , cross-over feeding trial involving 10 men with polygenic hypercholesterolemia , a control , Mediterranean-type cholesterol-lowering diet , and a diet of similar composition in which walnuts replaced approximately 35 % of energy from unsaturated fat , were given for 6 weeks each . Compared w... | 4115fa02-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
PURPOSE OnabotulinumtoxinA ( BoNT-A ) is a promising therapy for treating neurogenic detrusor overactivity ( NDO ) in individuals with spinal cord injury ( SCI ) . This systematic review and meta- analysis aim ed to carry out an in-depth review and to make an objective estimation of the efficacy and safety of BoNT... | [
"Study design : This was a multicentre , prospect i ve , r and omised study . Objectives : To compare the outcomes of intradetrusor and suburothelial onabotulinumtoxinA injections in patients with spinal cord injury and refractory neurogenic detrusor overactivity ( NDO ) . Setting : Urology departments of two ... | 4115fa3e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Objective This study was performed to compare the clinical efficacy between the OrthoPilot navigation system and conventional manual surgery in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty . Methods The Embase , PubMed , CINAHL , and Cochrane data bases were search ed for clinical trials . The outcome measurements we... | [
"We have compared the biomechanical nature of the reconstruction of the hip in conventional total hip arthroplasty ( THA ) and surface replacement arthroplasty ( SRA ) in a r and omised study involving 120 patients undergoing unilateral primary hip replacement . The contralateral hip was used as a control . P... | 4115fa7a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
INTRODUCTION The Diabetes Prevention Program ( DPP ) lifestyle intervention has been translated to community setting s using the DPP goals of 7 % weight loss and 150min of moderate physical activity ( PA ) per week . Given that PA is a primary lifestyle goal and has been linked to improvements in metabolic health... | [
"OBJECTIVE To pilot , among women with gestational diabetes mellitus ( GDM ) , the feasibility of a prenatal/postpartum intervention to modify diet and physical activity similar to the Diabetes Prevention Program . The intervention was delivered by telephone , and support for breastfeeding was addressed . RES... | 4115fab6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
In this month 's issue of European Urology , Russo et al. [ 1 ] published the results of a systematic review of the literature about the efficacy of injection therapies , vacuum devices , and penile traction in patients with Peyronie 's disease ( PD ) . The authors summarized available evidence about the effect... | [
"PURPOSE We investigated the efficacy and safety of intralesional interferon alpha-2b for the treatment of Peyronie 's disease . MATERIAL S AND METHODS A total of 117 consecutive patients with a mean age of 55.1 years who had Peyronie 's disease were enrolled in a single-blind , multicenter , placebo co... | 4115faf2-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Decreased activity of the enzyme paraoxonase-1 ( PON1 ) has been demonstrated in cardiovascular diseases . Statins , the forefront of pharmacotherapy for dyslipidemia , have been shown to enhance PON1 activity but clinical findings have not been conclusive . OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review the clinic... | [
"The British Regional Heart Study ( BRHS ) reported in 1986 that much of the inverse relation of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDLC ) and incidence of coronary heart disease was eliminated by covariance adjustment . Using the proportional hazards model and adjusting for age , blood pressure , smoking , bod... | 4115fb2e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
IMPORTANCE Approximately 2 % of children are defined as having short stature . Deciding when to pursue recombinant human growth hormone therapy to increase adult height is controversial . OBJECTIVE To review the management of children with idiopathic short stature , including diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic... | [
"A comparison was made of the growth responses of prepubertal naive GH-deficient children who were r and omly assigned to receive 0.3 mg/kg.week recombinant human GH administered either daily ( QD ) or three times weekly ( TIW ) over 4 yr . The effects of the two regimens on annual growth velocity , chan... | 4115fb6a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Dietary sugars have been suggested as a cause of obesity , several chronic diseases , and a range of cardiometabolic risk factors , but there is no convincing evidence of a causal relation between sugars and risk factors other than body weight . OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis... | [
"A study was made of the effect of high or low intake of sucrose for periods of 14 days in a group of nineteen apparently healthy men . The high sucrose diet produced no change in blood levels of cholesterol or phospholipids , or in glucose tolerance , but it produced a significant rise in triglycerides i... | 4115fba6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
CONTEXT Without detailed evidence of their effectiveness , pedometers have recently become popular as a tool for motivating physical activity . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of pedometer use with physical activity and health outcomes among outpatient adults . DATA SOURCES English- language articles fr... | [
"The aim of the study was to determine whether a recommendation to walk 10000 steps per day would result in significant improvements in glycemic control , insulin sensitivity , and cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus . The study was a 6-week r and omized controlled trial that included ... | 4115fbd8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Context Recombinant human GH ( rhGH ) is prescribed for the treatment of adults with GH deficiency ( GHD ) . However , conflicting data are available on the efficacy of rhGH treatment in elderly GHD patients . Objective To assess the efficacy of rhGH treatment in elderly GHD subjects . Methods We search e... | [
"Abdominal obesity is associated with blunted GH secretion and a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that characterize the metabolic syndrome . GH treatment in abdominally obese men reduces visceral adipose tissue and has beneficial effects on the metabolic profile . There are no long-term data on the ... | 4115fc14-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVES There is growing awareness of the relationship between sarcopenia ( loss of muscle mass and function ) , and outcomes in cancer , making it a potential target for future therapies . In order to inform future research and practice , we undertook a systematic review of factors associated with loss of muscle ma... | [
"Muscle mass decreases with age , leading to \" sarcopenia , \" or low relative muscle mass , in elderly people . Sarcopenia is believed to be associated with metabolic , physiologic , and functional impairments and disability . Methods of estimating the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated risks in elder... | 4115fc50-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
QUESTION Does progressive resistance exercise improve strength and measures of physical performance in people with Parkinson 's disease ? DESIGN Systematic review with meta- analysis of r and omised and quasi-r and omised controlled trials . PARTICIPANTS People with Parkinson 's disease , regardless of gender or... | [
"Background . Resistance training research has demonstrated positive effects for persons with Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) , but the number of acute training variables that can be manipulated makes it difficult to determine the optimal resistance training program . Objective . The purpose of this investigation... | 4115fc96-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Purpose The purpose of the study was to conduct a systematic evaluation of the different general prescribed drugs for premature ejaculation ( PE ) . Methods A systematic literature search of MEDLINE , Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials , and Web of Science for Systematic Review s was performed on 1 ... | [
"Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) are increasingly used to treat premature ejaculation . We report a large prospect i ve placebo-controlled crossover study of sertraline in premature ejaculation ( PE ) using Arabic Index of Premature Ejaculation ( AIPE ) . One hundred and forty-seven men... | 4115fcd2-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
INTRODUCTION Physical activity ( PA ) is strongly endorsed for managing chronic conditions , and a vital sign tool ( indicator of general physical condition ) could alert providers of inadequate PA to prompt counseling or referral . This systematic review examined the use , definitions , psychometric properties , and... | [
"OBJECTIVE Physical activity improves function in adults with arthritis , but it is unknown if there is a grade d relationship between physical activity and functional benefit . This study was undertaken to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between self-reported physical activity a... | 4115fd0e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVES To explore the outcome domains and measurement instruments reported in published r and omized controlled trials of physical therapy interventions for shoulder pain ( rotator cuff disease , adhesive capsulitis , or nonspecific shoulder pain ) . STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We included trials comparing physic... | [
"This paper provides an up-to- date overview of the occurrence , diagnosis , risk factors , prognostic indicators and outcome of shoulder disorder ( SD ) , and of the validity and reproducibility of diagnostic classifications and diagnostic imaging techniques for SD . Furthermore , the available evidence on the e... | 4115fd4a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
INTRODUCTION Vegetable oil is an important source of fatty acids , and as palm oil being the highest consumed vegetable oil in many countries , its high saturated fatty acid content has led many concerns on cardiometabolic health . Dietary fatty acids has also been linked to affect glucose metabolism and insulin... | [
"Most studies on lipid lowering diets have focused on the total content of saturated , polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids . However , the distribution of these fatty acids on the triacylglycerol ( TAG ) molecule and the molecular TAG species generated by this stereospecificity are characteristic for ... | 4115fd86-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Epidemiological evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased mortality , but it is unclear whether this is explained by reverse causation , and if there are specific causes of death for which vitamin D might be important . We conducted a systematic review of observational studies inves... | [
"Low vitamin D status increases the risk of death . Magnesium plays an essential role in vitamin D metabolism and low magnesium intake may predispose to vitamin D deficiency and potentiate the health problems . We investigated whether magnesium intake modifies the serum 25(OH)D3 concentration and its associatio... | 4115fdb8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that many perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women will experience menopausal symptoms ; hot flushes are the most common . Symptoms caused by fluctuating levels of oestrogen may be alleviated by hormone therapy ( HT ) , but a marked global decline in its use has result ed from co... | [
"Objective This study aims to determine the efficacy of yoga in alleviating vasomotor symptoms ( VMS ) frequency and bother . Methods This study was a three-by-two factorial , r and omized controlled trial . Eligible women were r and omized to yoga ( n = 107 ) , exercise ( n = 106 ) , or usual activit... | 4115fdf4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background A large number of observational studies have reported harmful effects of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D ( 25OHD ) levels on non-skeletal outcomes . We performed a systematic quantitative review on characteristics of r and omized clinical trials ( RCTs ) included in meta-analyses ( MAs ) on non-skeletal effects of ... | [
"Objectives The present evidence indicates a reverse correlation between vitamin D status and blood pressure ( BP ) . The present study determined the effect of oral vitamin D supplementation on BP in patients with elevated BP and vitamin D deficiency . Material s and methods In this r and omized , double-bli... | 4115fe30-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM With a number of zirconia ceramic material s currently available for clinical use , an overview of the scientific literature on the adhesion methods and their potential influence is indicated . PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review was to classify and analyze the existing methods and ma... | [
"OBJECTIVE this study evaluated the effect of surface treatments ( Nd : YAG laser , CO2 laser , Al203 airborne-particle abrasion , and silica-coating ) on the zirconia-to-resin shear bond strength ( SBS ) . METHOD AND MATERIAL S eighty-one Lava ( 3 M ESPE ) blocks ( 13 x 4 x 2 mm ) were embedded in acrylic... | 4115fe6c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ( ASCVD ) affects more than 15 million Americans ( 1 ) and is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States ( 2 ) . Trials have demonstrated reductions in low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol levels ( 3 ) and decreased ASCVD risk with 3-hydroxy... | [
"Background Evidence -based r and omized clinical trials have shown significant benefit of statin treatment with regard to cardiovascular disease . In anticipation of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel IV guidelines , we wanted to assess the current state of lipid goal attainment i... | 4115fea8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background There has been a growing interest in the role of the private for-profit sector in health service provision in low- and middle-income countries . The private sector represents an important source of care for all socioeconomic groups , including the poorest and substantial concerns have been raised about t... | [
"Abstract Objective : To assess the impact of a social marketing programme for distributing nets treated with insecticide on malarial parasitaemia and anaemia in very young children in an area of high malaria transmission . Design : Community cross sectional study . Annual , cross sectional data were collecte... | 4115fee4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Nutritively sweetened beverages ( NSBs ) may play a role in the obesity epidemic . We abstract ed data from r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) and evidence -based review s through January 2009 concerning effects of consumption of NSBs on changes in body weight and adiposity . Studies included were those ( i... | [
"The long-term physiological effects of refined carbohydrates on appetite and mood remain unclear . Reported effects when subjects are not blind may be due to expectations and have rarely been studied for more than 24 h. The present study compared the effects of supplementary soft drinks added to the diet ove... | 4115ff20-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
CONTEXT Recent evidence suggests that modulation of the gut microbiota may contribute to body weight control . OBJECTIVE This systematic review aim ed to assess the effects of oral supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics on body weight , body mass index ( BMI ) , and waist circumference in overweight and o... | [
"Background The gut microbiota is interlinked with obesity , but direct evidence of effects of its modulation on body fat mass is still scarce . We investigated the possible effects of Bifidobacterium animalisssp . lactis 420 ( B420 ) and the dietary fiber Litesse ® Ultra polydextrose ( LU ) on body fat mass... | 4115ff5c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Purpose While statins are used as first-line treatments for high-risk patients with hypercholesterolemia , statin monotherapy is often insufficient to achieve target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) levels . Second-line treatment options include up-titration of statin dose , switching to a more pot... | [
"Purpose Recent trial results are in favor of aggressive lipid lowering using high dose statins in patients needing secondary prevention . It is unclear whether these effects are solely due to more extensive lipid lowering or the result of the potentially anti-inflammatory properties of statins . We aim ed to... | 4115ff98-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Purpose Given the increased risk of incident diabetes and the side effects on glycemic control with statin treatment , statin and ezetimibe combination therapy has been widely used . However , whether the same concern exists in ezetimibe remains uncertain . This meta- analysis aim ed to investigate the influence ... | [
"Summary Aim : To evaluate the effect of ezetimibe on insulin sensitivity and lipid profile in obese and dyslipidaemic patients . Methods : A r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out in 12 obese , dyslipidaemic patients , independently of their basal insulin sensiti... | 4115ffd4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background The major metabolic complications of obesity and type 2 diabetes may be prevented and managed with dietary modification . The use of sweeteners that provide little or no calories may help to achieve this objective . Methods We did a systematic review and network meta- analysis of the comparative effectiv... | [
"UNLABELLED Among factors that affect diet-induced thermogenesis ( DIT ) are the sensory characteristics of food . The aim of this study was to test whether the sweet flavour obtained with a low-energy sweetener ( aspartame ) or with sucrose have a different effect on DIT . Following a st and ardized breakfast ... | 41160010-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Guidelines for st and ardization of radiostereometry ( RSA ) of implants were published in 2005 to facilitate comparison of outcomes between various research groups . In this systematic review , we determined how well studies have adhered to these guidelines . METHODS We carried out a liter... | [
"BACKGROUND In total knee replacement , sound early fixation of the prosthesis is crucial for achieving a good long-term result and for minimising the risk of loosening . Various types of prosthetic material , different surface textures and shapes and the incorporation of screws or pegs have been used to achieve ... | 4116004c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Aging sarcopenia characterized by low muscle mass with low muscle strength affects men and women differently . The contribution of interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) to sarcopenia has been suggested based on a negative correlation between plasma IL-6 and muscle function described by some studies . However , no consens... | [
"Objectives To vali date muscle endurance estimation and to examine relationships with dependency and inflammation in elderly persons . Design Cross sectional validation and explorative study . Setting Hospitalized geriatric patients and community-dwelling controls . Participants 91 elderly patients ( aged 83±... | 41160088-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
In the light of the importance of the impacts that obesity and physical activity may have on blood pressure ( BP ) among adolescents , and the suggestion that abnormal pressure levels at young ages are maintained into more mature stages of these individuals ' lives , the scope of this study is to conduct a systemat... | [
"Background In southern and eastern Mediterranean countries , changes in lifestyle and the increasing prevalence of excess weight in childhood are risk factors for high blood pressure ( BP ) during adolescence and adulthood . The aim of this study was to evaluate the BP status of Tunisian adolescents and to i... | 411600c4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Partial agonists are a subclass of beta blockers used to treat hypertension in many countries . Partial agonist act by stimulating beta receptors when they are quiescent and blocking beta receptors when they are active . The blood pressure ( BP ) lowering effect of partial agonist beta blockers has n... | [
"We have measured the psychological effects of acebutolol and atenolol in sixteen patients with essential hypertension . The drugs were administered in a r and omized , placebo-controlled , double-blind manner , in single daily doses of 100 mg atenolol , 400 mg acebutolol or placebo for periods of 6 w... | 41160100-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
CONTEXT The focus of clinical underst and ing and management of male storage lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) has shifted from the prostate to the bladder . This is mirrored by an increasing body of experimental evidence suggesting that the bladder is the central organ in the pathogenesis of LUTS . OBJECTIVE A s... | [
"Objective To compare the expression of the seven known P2X receptors in human bladder from male patients with detrusor instability caused by symptomatic bladder outlet obstruction with that from control bladders , using a quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction ( RT‐PCR ) method ",
"P... | 4116013c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
AIM To systematic ally review the literature for in vitro studies that evaluated the immediate or after ageing bond strength of etch- and -rinse and self-etch adhesive systems to enamel and dentin of primary teeth . DESIGN The search was conducted in PubMed / MEDLINE , Cochrane , SciELO , Lilacs , and Scopus da... | [
"Background : CPP-ACP ( Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ) has an important role in caries prevention in pediatric patients . This study was done , because of the great use of CPP-ACP and the need for restoration for teeth treated with CPP-ACP as well as the importance of shear bond strength of ... | 41160178-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background : The literature examining the effects of workstation , eyewear and behavioral interventions on musculoskeletal and visual symptoms among computer users is large and heterogeneous . Methods : A systematic review of the literature used a best evidence synthesis approach to address the general question “... | [
"In practice the secondary prevention of work-related upper extremity ( WRUE ) symptoms generally targets biomechanical risk factors . Psychosocial risk factors have also been shown to play an important role in the development of WRUE symptom severity and future disability . The addition of a stress management co... | 411601b4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Summary This systematic review summarizes the effect of combined exercise and nutrition intervention on muscle mass and muscle function . A total of 37 RCTs were identified . Results indicate that physical exercise has a positive impact on muscle mass and muscle function in subjects aged 65 years and older .... | [
"INTRODUCTION Resistance training has been well established as an effective treatment strategy to increase skeletal muscle mass and strength in the elderly . We assessed whether dietary protein supplementation can further augment the adaptive response to prolonged resistance-type exercise training in healthy... | 411601f0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background The minimum clinical ly important difference ( MCID ) is used to interpret the clinical relevance of results reported by trials and meta-analyses as well as to plan sample sizes in new studies . However , there is a lack of consensus about the size of MCID in acute pain , which is a core symptom affecting ... | [
"Objectives To compare the Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) and the Verbal Numerical Rating Scale ( VNRS ) , in the assessment of acute pain in the emergency department ( ED ) . Furthermore , to determine the influence of demographics on this agreement and practical limitations of the scales . Setting St Vincen... | 41160236-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Renin-angiotensin system ( RAS ) inhibitors are widely prescribed for treatment of hypertension , especially for diabetic patients on the basis of postulated advantages for the reduction of diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality . Despite widespread use of angiotensin converting... | [
"Regression of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy ( LVH ) is associated with improved prognosis . The aim of this trial was to compare the effects of irbesartan versus atenolol on LVH in subjects with essential hypertension . Because electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters of LVH carry di... | 41160272-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Probiotic supplementation reduces the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) and late-onset sepsis ( LOS ) in preterm infants , but it remains to be determined whether this reduction translates into a reduction of other complications . We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis to evaluate the possi... | [
"Probiotic supplementation has been part of the discussion on methods to enhance humoral immunity . Administration of Bifidobacterium bifidum OLB6378 ( OLB6378 ) reduced the incidence of late-onset sepsis in infants . In this non-r and omized study , we aim ed to determine the effect of administration of live ... | 411602ae-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the development of osseous and cartilaginous damage . The correct differentiation between a true erosion and other entities — then often called “ pseudoerosions”—is essential to avoid misdiagnosing rheumatoid arthritis and to correctly interpret ... | [
"OBJECTIVE To determine the role of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) compared with conventional radiography in the detection of chronic and acute inflammatory manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) of the shoulder joint . METHODS Forty-three consecutive patients with known RA prospect... | 411602ea-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Soy infant formulas ( SIF ) have long been used as an alternative for infants with special nutritional requirements . However , the medical indications for their use , their allergenicity , safety and efficacy are still controversial . Objective To present recommendations for the use of SIF based on th... | [
"The objective of this r and omized study was to determine if fiber-supplemented soy formula reduced regurgitation in young infants . We compared regurgitation in 179 infants r and omly assigned cow ’s milk-based ( CM , 90 ) formula or soy formula with fiber ( SF , 89 ) . Initial daily incidence was sim... | 41160330-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Previous trials have reported beneficial effects of isolated and complex fiber supplements in obesity treatment . However , recommending fiber supplements in obese subjects remains controversial . To the best of our knowledge , no systematic review has up date d the data on the effects of fiber supp... | [
"Association between white rice intake and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases remained uncertain . Most of the previous published studies have been done in western countries with different lifestyles , and scant data are available from the Middle East region , including Iran . This cross-sectional study wa... | 4116036c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Adherence difficulties and psychological problems are associated with poor glycaemic control in diabetes . We undertook a systematic review and meta- analysis of psychological therapies to assess their effectiveness in improving glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes . METHODS We search ed MEDLINE ... | [
"The treatment of choice for Type II or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a behavioral program for the management of weight . However , compliance with this lifelong dietary regimen is often poor . In the current investigation male and female adults with diagnosed Type II diabetes were r and omly a... | 411603a8-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVES The Italian Society of Hematology ( SIE ) and two affiliate societies ( SIES and GITMO ) commissioned a project to develop clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL ) . METHODS Key questions in the management of patients with CLL were formulated by an Advisory C... | [
"Alemtuzumab , the monoclonal anti-CD52 antibody , has clinical activity in B-cell and T-cell malignancies at the dose of 30 mg three times weekly for 9 – 12 weeks . This st and ard regimen induced responses usually shorter than 6 months . To prolong time to progression , we initialized a phase II study with ... | 411603e4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND The percentages of patients with acute low back pain ( LBP ) that go on to a chronic state varies between studies from 2 % to 34 % . In some of these cases low back pain leads to great costs . AIMS To evaluate the evidence for prognostic factors for return to work among workers sick listed with acute LBP ... | [
"OBJECTIVES : To assess if the implementation of guidelines for occupational rehabilitation of patients with low back pain by means of process variables -- a set of objective criteria for technical performance and continuity of care -- led to a better outcome in clinical and return to work variables . METHODS :... | 41160420-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Introduction Obesity has been linked with reduced productivity in the workplace and is associated with higher levels of unemployment and absenteeism . Studies have shown improvement in functioning and enhanced activity levels in patients after bariatric surgery . Objectives We perform a systematic review and me... | [
"Background There is limited knowledge about what happens to people after long-term sick leave . The aim of this report was to conduct a prospect i ve study of individuals who were on prolonged sick leave during a particular year , considering their activities and sources of income during subsequent years . T... | 4116045c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Cementless total knee arthroplasty ( TKA ) has had limited use in the United States , however , recent reports have demonstrated promising results , but there has been no meta- analysis to examine these outcomes in the past 5 years . In this review , 37 studies ( 2,940 patients and 3,568 TKAs ) were identified and... | [
"The purpose of this prospect i ve , r and omised study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results comparing the identical cemented or cementless NexGen total knee prostheses implanted bilaterally in the same patient . Sequential simultaneous bilateral total knee replacements were performed in 5... | 41160498-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Supplemental digital content is available in the text . BACKGROUND Ileus is a common challenge in adult surgical patients with estimated incidence to be 17 % to 80 % . The main mechanisms of the postoperative ileus pathophysiology are fluid overload , exogenous opioids , neurohormonal dysfunction , gastrointestinal s... | [
"Objective To evaluate the potential clinical , metabolic , and economic advantages of enteral nutrition over total parenteral nutrition . Design Prospect i ve , r and omized clinical trial . Setting Department of surgery in a university hospital . Patients Two hundred and fifty-seven patients with cancer of... | 411604d4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The combination of bariatric surgery and physical exercise has been suggested as a promising strategy to positively influence obesity , not only body weight but also all associated comorbidities . An electronic search of intervention studies was carried out in which an exercise training program was implemente... | [
"Objective We investigated the associations of both physical activity time ( PA ) and energy expenditure ( EE ) with weight and fat mass ( FM ) loss in patients following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass ( RYGB ) surgery . Methods Ninety-six non-diabetic patients were included in this analysis . Post RYGB ... | 41160510-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation ( AF ) needs to be assessed in each patient to determine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of thromboprophylaxis , with the aim of appropriate use of antithrombotic therapy . To achieve this , stroke risk factors in AF population s need to be identified and stroke... | [
"OBJECTIVE This study was performed to characterize the risk of stroke in elderly patients with recurrent intermittent atrial fibrillation ( AF ) . BACKGROUND Although intermittent AF is common , relatively little is known about the attendant risk of stroke . METHODS A longitudinal cohort study was performed ... | 4116054c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Abstract Postoperative dislocation is a challenging complication after total hip arthroplasty ( THA ) that affects patient outcome worldwide . Instability is one of the main complications with rates exceeding 20 % in some series . Currently , alternative acetabular components are available with dual mobility ... | [
"Introduction The causes for revision of primary total hip arthroplasty ( THA ) are various and quite well known . The developing use of dual-mobility THA ( DM-THA ) seems a relevant option to decrease the risk of instability . Due to lack of long-term follow-up , this innovative retentive concept is suspec... | 41160588-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND The final adult height of untreated girls aged up to 18 years with Turner syndrome ( TS ) is approximately 20 cm shorter compared with healthy females . Treatment with growth hormone ( GH ) increases the adult height of people with TS . The effects of adding the and rogen , ox and rolone , in add... | [
"Although GH treatment for short stature in Turner syndrome is an accepted treatment in many countries , which GH dosage to use and which age to start puberty induction are issues of debate . This study shows final height ( FH ) in 60 girls with Turner syndrome treated in a r and omized dose-response trial ... | 411605c4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE Glucomannan ( GM ) , a soluble fiber derived from the plant Amorphophallus konjac , is marketed as being helpful in reducing body weight . However , the data supporting this cl aim are scarce . The aim of this review was to systematic ally evaluate the effects of GM on body weight ( BW ) and body mass ... | [
"The effects of the soluble fiber konjac glucomannan ( GM ) on serum cholesterol concentrations were investigated in 63 healthy men in a double-blind crossover , placebo-controlled study . After a 2-wk baseline period , the subjects were given 3.9 g GM or placebo daily for 4 wk . After a washout period of... | 411605f6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Abstract Background : Despite extensive study of the impact of stroke on muscle and functional performance , questions remain regarding the extent to which changes are due to the neurological injury vs. age-related loss of morphology and force production . Objectives : To synthesize available evidence describing post-s... | [
"INTRODUCTION Both grip and knee extension strength are often used to characterize overall limb muscle strength . We sought to determine if the measures actually reflect a common construct . METHODS The isometric grip and knee extension strength of 164 healthy men and women ( range , 18 - 85 years ) were mea... | 4116063c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
IMPORTANCE Bariatric surgery is beneficial in persons with a body mass index ( BMI ) of 35 or greater with obesity-related comorbidities . There is interest in using these procedures in persons with lower BMI and diabetes . OBJECTIVE To assess the association between bariatric surgery vs nonsurgical treatments ... | [
"BACKGROUND / AIMS This study aim ed to evaluate the efficacy of modified Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for type 2 diabetes mellitus . METHODOLOGY Forty-five type 2 diabetes mellitus patients underwent modified Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at WeiFang People 's Hospital . Data on patient demographics , fasting plasm... | 41160678-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background / objectives Low vitamin B12 and folate levels in community-dwelling older people are usually corrected with supplements . However , the effect of this supplementation on haematological parameters in older persons is not known . Therefore , we executed a systematic review and individual participant d... | [
"Background : Moderate vitamin B-12 deficiency is relatively common in older people . However , there is little robust evidence on the effect of vitamin B-12 supplementation on neurologic and cognitive outcomes in later life . Objective : We investigated whether vitamin B-12 supplementation benefits neurol... | 411606b4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Protein energy malnutrition is a common problem in patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) . Scattered reports indicate that supplementation of Carnitine may improve patients ' clinical symptoms , with significant improvement in nutritional parameters . This systematic review was done to document the evidence ... | [
"Background Clear , transparent , and sufficiently detailed abstract s of conferences and journal articles related to r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) are important , because readers often base their assessment of a trial solely on information in the abstract . Here , we extend the CONSORT ( Consoli date d... | 411606f0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Introduction Psychotropic medication use is associated with weight gain . While there are studies and review s comparing weight gain for psychotropics within some classes , clinicians frequently use drugs from different classes to treat psychiatric disorders . Objective To undertake a systematic review of a... | [
"BACKGROUND The effectiveness of antipsychotic monotherapy in schizoaffective disorder is limited , and further constrained by safety concerns . AIMS We aim ed to compare the efficacy , tolerability and safety profile of the new pharmaceutical , olanzapine , with haloperidol . METHOD Data were assessed fr... | 4116072c-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Aims : The aim of this meta‐ analysis of r and omized placebo‐controlled clinical trials was to assess the effect of fibrates on glycemic parameters . Material s and methods : Only r and omized placebo‐controlled trials investigating the impact of fibrate treatment on glucose homeostasis markers were se... | [
"BACKGROUND Although patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) , the roles of lipid-modifying therapies in decreasing CVD risk are unclear . Our aim is to compare the effects of statin and fibrate therapy on arterial function as a risk marker of CVD .... | 41160768-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
STUDY DESIGN systematic review and meta- analysis . OBJECTIVE to assess how confidently low back pain ( LBP ) can be attributed to abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) , and thereby explore the potential value of MRI abnormalities in refining case definition for mechanical LBP in epidemiological re... | [
"Study Design . A prospect i ve clinical and radiologic investigation of two groups of patients presenting with either acute back pain only or acute leg pain only , yet similar restriction in straight leg raising ( SLR ) . Objectives . To highlight a group of patients presenting with acute low back pain only... | 411607a4-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorders ( ASD ) are characterised by abnormalities in social interaction and communication skills , as well as stereotypic behaviours and restricted activities and interests . Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) are prescribed for the treatment of conditions often comorbid w... | [
"Background : Prospect i ve population -based follow-up study of 120 individuals with autism followed from childhood to adulthood . Methods : Individuals with autism , diagnosed in childhood , were followed prospect ively for a period of 13–22 years and re-evaluated at ages 17–40 years . The instruments used at... | 411607d6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Research on the quality of life ( QL ) of children/adolescents with psychological disorders has flourished over the last few decades . Given the developmental challenges of QL measurements in pediatric population s , the aim of this study was to ascertain the extent to which a developmental approach to QL asse... | [
"Objective . To evaluate the quality of life ( QOL ) of untreated children with newly diagnosed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) , compared with asthmatic and healthy children . Methods . This prospect i ve , case-control study included a group of 120 children , 6 to 12 years of age , with n... | 41160812-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( ADHD ) , especially teenagers and young adults , show important car driving impairments , including risky driving , accidents , fines and suspension of driver׳s license . We systematic ally review ed the efficacy of stimulant and non-stimulant drugs on driving... | [
"In a prior study [ Festinger , D.S. , Marlowe , D.B. , Croft , J.R. , Dugosh , K.L. , Mastro , N.K. , Lee , P.A. , DeMatteo , D.S. , Patapis , N.S. , 2005 . Do research payments precipitate drug use or coerce participation ? Drug Alcohol Depend . 78 ( 3 ) 275 - 281 ] we found that neither the mode ( cash vs... | 4116084e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE : To assess the effectiveness of lumbar supports , education , and exercise in the prevention of back pain in industry . METHODS : A computerised search for controlled clinical trials was conducted . A criteria list was used to assess the method ological quality of the studies . The available evidence for... | [
"A clinical trial , aim ed at secondary prevention of low-back pain , was performed in 142 hospital employees reporting at least three annual episodes of this condition . Participants were r and omly assigned to one of three groups : a calisthenics program ( CAL ) for 3 months with biweekly sessions of flexi... | 4116088a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Ca digestibility and utilisation in growing pigs are not well understood , and are usually neglected in diet formulation . This has implication s not only for the accurate determination of its requirements but also for its interactions with other nutrients . A systematic review and meta- analysis ( meta-regression ) ... | [
"Flaws in the design , conduct , analysis , and reporting of r and omised trials can cause the effect of an intervention to be underestimated or overestimated . The Cochrane Collaboration ’s tool for assessing risk of bias aims to make the process clearer and more",
"Two experiments were conducted to evaluate p... | 411608c6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Recommendations for zinc intake during pregnancy and lactation vary widely across Europe . Using data on zinc intake and biomarkers of zinc status reported in r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) and observational studies can provide estimates of dose-response relationships that may be used for underpinning zinc r... | [
"As a follow-up of our study of pregnant women , we report effects of zinc supplementation during pregnancy in another population of 138 Hispanic teenagers in Los Angeles . Teenagers were r and omized ( double-blind ) to a control or zinc-supplemented group and received similar daily vitamin and mineral su... | 41160902-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Metabolic syndrome is the most important risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes . The aim of this review was to systematic ally assess and perform a meta- analysis of the effects of yoga on the parameters of metabolic syndrome . Methods MEDLINE / PubMed , Scopus , the Cochran... | [
"A report of a r and omized , controlled trial ( RCT ) should convey to the reader , in a transparent manner , why the study was undertaken and how it was conducted and analyzed . For example , a lack of adequately reported r and omization has been associated with bias in estimating the effectiveness of inte... | 4116093e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Introduction There are current trials investigating the effect of resveratrol supplementation on endothelial function and blood pressures among patients with metabolic syndrome ( MetS ) ; however , the findings are controversial . Aim This systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials ( R... | [
"ABSTRACT Endothelial dysfunction is a surrogate marker of cardiovascular risk . Resveratrol is known to improve endothelial function in animals , however , clinical trials are limited . We hypothesized that the acute trans-resveratrol supplementation improves endothelial function in treated hypertensive patie... | 4116097a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
The aim of this study was to systematic ally review and critically analyse the published data on the treatment outcome ( primary outcome ) and on the cleaning and disinfection of root canals ( secondary outcomes ) achieved by negative pressure irrigation as compared to syringe irrigation . An electronic searc... | [
"INTRODUCTION The extrusion of irrigation solutions beyond the apical constriction may result in postoperative pain . Sodium hypochlorite can cause severe tissue irritation and necrosis outside the root canal system if extruded into the periodontal ligament ( PDL ) space . Different delivery techniques were d... | 411609b6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Objective To perform a systematic review of studies using remote physical activity monitoring in neurological diseases , highlighting advances and determining gaps . Methods Studies were systematic ally identified in PubMed / MEDLINE , CINAHL and SCOPUS from January 2004 to December 2014 that monitored physical act... | [
"Background Patients with Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) suffer from a high fall risk . Previous approaches for evaluating fall risk are based on self-report or testing at a given time point and may , therefore , be insufficient to optimally capture fall risk . We tested , for the first time , whether metrics derive... | 411609f2-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Schizophrenia is a mental illness that requires lifelong treatment and is associated with symptoms that include hallucinations , delusions , cognitive impairment , disorganized thoughts , social withdrawal , and low motivation . Antipsychotic medications are effective at relieving the symptoms of schizophrenia , ... | [
"OBJECTIVE Despite the frequent use of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale ( PANSS ) for rating the symptoms of schizophrenia , the clinical meaning of its total score and of the cut-offs that are used to define treatment response ( e.g. at least 20 % or 50 % reduction of the baseline score ) are as yet unclea... | 41160a2e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Context The results of human clinical trials investigating the effects of flaxseed on glucose control and insulin sensitivity are inconsistent . Objective The present study aim ed to systematic ally review and analyze r and omized controlled trials assessing the effects of flaxseed consumption on glycemic control... | [
"Background : Design ing the effective and early interventions can prevent progression of prediabetes to diabetes . Few studies have shown the effect of flaxseed on glycemic control . This study aim ed to assess the effect of flaxseed powder on insulin resistance ( IR ) indices and blood pressure in pred... | 41160a6a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Early onset of menopause is associated with long-term health risks , including cardiovascular disease and premature death . Although alcohol intake has been suggested to affect the age at which natural menopause occurs , results from observational studies are not consistent . OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE In the... | [
"BACKGROUND Most epidemiologic studies of the relationship between alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk over the past decade have shown that persons who consume a moderate amount of alcohol are at 40%-100 % greater risk of breast cancer than those who do not consume alcohol . Dose-response effects have be... | 41160aa6-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Acute psychotic illness , especially when associated with agitated or violent behaviour , requires urgent pharmacological tranquillisation or sedation . Clotiapine , a dibenzothiazepine neuroleptic , is being used for this purpose in several countries . OBJECTIVES To estimate the effects of clotiapine... | [
"OBJECTIVE The authors examined the efficacy of intramuscular flunitrazepam compared with intramuscular haloperidol for the immediate control of agitated or aggressive behavior in acutely psychotic patients . METHOD Twenty-eight actively psychotic in patients , aged 20 - 60 years , who were under treatment... | 41160ae2-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
This systematic review aims to evaluate r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial function and inflammation in adults . An electronic search of published r and omised controlled trials , using Cochrane , Pubmed and Medline data bases was conduct... | [
"BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in humans . METHODS We assessed prospect ively whether plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D ( 25[OH]D ) concentrations are associated with risk of coronary heart disease . A nested case-control study was ... | 41160b1e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation ( AF ) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality . Screening for AF in asymptomatic patients has been proposed as a way of reducing the burden of the disease by detecting people who would benefit from prophylactic anticoagul... | [
"Objectives To assess whether screening improves the detection of atrial fibrillation ( cluster r and omisation ) and to compare systematic and opportunistic screening . Design Multicentred cluster r and omised controlled trial , with subsidiary trial embedded within the intervention arm . Setting 50 pri... | 41160b5a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Task shifting has become an increasingly popular way to increase access to health services , especially in low-re source setting s. Research has demonstrated that task shifting , including the use of community health workers ( CHWs ) to deliver care , can improve population health . This systematic rev... | [
"Background — Evidence on economically efficient strategies to lower blood pressure ( BP ) from low- and middle-income countries remains scarce . The Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation ( COBRA ) trial r and omized 1341 hypertensive subjects in 12 r and omly selected communities in Karachi , Pakis... | 41160ba0-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Background Continuous monitoring technologies such as accelerometers and pedometers are the gold st and ard for physical activity ( PA ) measurement . However , inconsistencies in use , analysis , and reporting limit the underst and ing of dose – response relationships involving PA and the ability to make compari... | [
"PURPOSE The objectives of this study were to examine 1 ) whether changes in total physical activity ( PA ; counts per minute , cpm ) and time spent in moderate to vigorous PA ( MVPA ) are associated with changes in adiposity and 2 ) whether energy intake influences the relationship between changes in PA an... | 41160bdc-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
OBJECTIVE To determine whether increasing calcium intake from dietary sources affects bone mineral density ( BMD ) and , if so , whether the effects are similar to those of calcium supplements . DESIGN R and om effects meta- analysis of r and omised controlled trials . DATA SOURCES Ovid Medline , Embase , Pub... | [
"Vitamin D insufficiency and low calcium intake contribute to increase parathyroid function and bone fragility in elderly people . Calcium and vitamin D supplements can reverse secondary hyperparathyroidism thus preventing hip fractures , as proved by Decalyos I. Decalyos II is a 2-year , multicenter , r and om... | 41160c18-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Abstract Background Several studies have compared robotics‐assisted ( RA ) and conventional manual ( CM ) approaches for total hip arthroplasty ( THA ) , but their results are controversial . Methods A literature search was conducted for controlled clinical trials ( CCTs ) comparing the clinical efficacy of the RA... | [
"Background The benefits of robotic techniques for implanting femoral components during THA are still controversial . Questions / Purpose sThe purpose of this study was to prospect ively compare the results and complications of robotic-assisted and h and -rasping stem implantation techniques . Method The mini... | 41160c54-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation ( AF ) is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with an increased risk of stroke and congestive heart failure . Lead-I electrocardiogram ( ECG ) devices are h and held instruments that can be used to detect AF at a single time point in people who present with rel... | [
"IMPORTANCE Despite the frequency of atrial fibrillation ( AF ) in clinical practice , relatively little is known about sex differences in symptoms and quality of life and how they may affect treatment and outcomes . OBJECTIVE To determine whether symptoms , quality of life , treatment , and outcomes differ... | 41160c90-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND & AIMS Micronutrients are essential for brain development with deficiencies in specific nutrients linked to impaired cognitive function . Interventions are shown to be beneficial to children 's mental development , particularly in subjects who were micronutrient-deficient at baseline but results on health... | [
"Background Supporting 21st century health care and the practice of evidence -based medicine ( EBM ) requires ubiquitous access to clinical information and to knowledge-based re sources to answer clinical questions . Many questions go unanswered , however , due to lack of skills in formulating questions , crafting ... | 41160ccc-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
BACKGROUND Due to their known effects on bone metabolism , Vitamin D and related compounds have been proposed for the prevention of osteoporosis and fractures . OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of supplementation with Vitamin D or a Vitamin D analogue in the prevention of fractures of the axial and appendicula... | [
"Vitamin D insufficiency and low calcium intake contribute to increase parathyroid function and bone fragility in elderly people . Calcium and vitamin D supplements can reverse secondary hyperparathyroidism thus preventing hip fractures , as proved by Decalyos I. Decalyos II is a 2-year , multicenter , r and om... | 41160d12-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
To summarise evidence about the effectiveness of home blood pressure telemonitoring ( HBPT ) and identify the key components of intervention . We comprehensively search ed PubMed , EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for relevant studies . The authors were contacted for additional information . Two authors independentl... | [
"Background —Hypertension is a leading mortality risk factor yet inadequately controlled in most affected subjects . Effective programs to address this problem are lacking . We hypothesized that an information technology – supported management program could help improve blood pressure ( BP ) control . Methods a... | 41160d4e-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
Previous reports have shown that exercise improves serum leptin and adiponectin abnormalities in overweight and obese individuals ; however , results to date are controversial . Here we performed a systematic review and meta- analysis of the available r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) of the possible benefi... | [
"Background Elevated total white blood cell ( WBC ) count is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and death . Aerobic exercise is associated with lower total WBC , neutrophil , and monocyte counts . However , no studies have evaluated the effect of the amount of aerobic exercise ( dos... | 41160d8a-06ff-11f0-808a-c43d1ab1c353 |
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