input string | output dict |
|---|---|
documentation has been a major contributor. The acquisition of citizenship has provided some new avenues,
especially for the youth, such as working in the hospitality industry and the ability to obtain driving licenses, which
has opened job opportunities in the transportation sector. However, most of the community st... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Co-nationals can provide important information to refugees about employment opportunities. In Germany, Battisti, Peri, and Romiti (2022) found that immigrants initially located in places with more conationals, as well as well as refugees and repatriated ethnic Germans dispersed to such places, are more likely to be emp... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Danish data"
},
{
"text": "Swedish data"
},
{
"text": "Swiss data"
}
]
}
} |
systems, conducting community-based identification campaigns, and facilitating cross-border collaboration to
address statelessness among migrant populations. Providing technical and financial assistance to countries with
high numbers of stateless individuals would further enable the implementation of comprehensive re... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "pre- and post-citizenship data"
}
]
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
# Health analysis
### **Health remains a** **priority need**
Access to health services has remained a priority need and is ranked among the top three priorities by 33% of households, second only to employment and livelihoods support. The identific... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
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Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
## Literature
Acemoglu, D. (2002). Directed Technical Change, Review of Economic Studies 69(4):781-80.
Aleksynska, M., & Tritah, A. (2015). The Heterogeneity Of Immigrants, Host Countries' Income And Productivity: A Channel Accounting Approach.... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
It is a general equilibrium model using consumer and producer optimalisation to calculate changes in the economy in response to shocks. This allows to assess the impact of shocks considering supply and demand channels as well as connections between different sectors of economy. This provides information about their tot... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "newest data for the Polish economy"
}
]
}
} |
_UNHCR
Discussion
Paper
–15
June
2013_
**7.** **OPERATIONAL
FRAMEWORK**
While
positive
developments
already
undertaken
by
the
Government
point
to
an
eventual
return
of
refugees
from
Thailand,
the
timing
of
the
return
remains
difficult
to
predict.
The
Go... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**ranked lowest on both measures.**
Ukrainian refugees earn the highest wages in manufacturing, health, and accommodation and food service activities, while the lowest in education, other services, and construction. A comparison to median earnings in these sectors in the economy as a whole (after recalculation from gro... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "GUS data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
2. Regulatory Environment and Governance
the introduction of accelerated procedures in the 2023 Decree, some asylum-seekers with vulnerabilities
wait for a first-instance asylum decision for several months. It is crucial to note that asylum-seekers do not
have the same rights as recognized refugees, limiting their soc... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The 2023 Decree outlines the procedures for reception and registering asylum-seekers arriving in Chad. It
details the individualized refugee status determination (RSD) procedure, covering interview modalities, RSD
assessments, and final adjudication by the Sub Eligibility Commission. Additionally, the Decree introduces... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Kleiner, M. M., & Krueger, A. B. (2013). Analyzing the Extent and Influence of Occupational Licensing on the Labor Market. Journal of Labor Economics, 31(2), S173–S202. https://doi.org/10.1086/669060 46 Lessem, R., & Sanders, C. (2020). Immigrant wage growth in the United States: The role of occupational upgrading. Int... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
High employment rate of Ukrainian refugees translates into more workers and thus additional economic growth. In July 2022, OECD estimated the contribution of Ukrainian refugees to the labour force and employment in European host countries, based on a 2014 Labour Force Survey adhoc module that includes refugee labour ma... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "2014 Labour Force Survey adhoc module"
},
{
"text": "2019 LFS"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
##### **September/ October 2023 report**
###### Venezuela
and Gender-Based Violence for officials
of the Women's Secretariat of the State
of Miranda. Conducted from September
28th to October 11, 2023, the PA facil
itated the first virtual session on key
concepts, receiving positive feedback
from the 35 participa... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE measles vaccination coverage for children stood at 83%, similar to 84% in 2023, falling short of the 95% target.
Informal support also played a vital role, with 33% receiving help from family or friends and 12% accessing spiritual support. Overall, ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
differences are identified in 15-19 and 20-24 age groups, with much higher employment rates for Ukrainian refugees due perhaps to the fact that the Ukrainian school system ends at 17 while the Polish one at 19. [13] However, employment rates drop for Ukrainian female refugees in the 25-29, 30-34, and 35-39 age groups w... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The regional protection monitoring harmonization established a regional incident typology framework to efficiently
analyze the regional protection monitoring data. To this extent, 7,503 protection incidents with 106,673 victims were
reported in September 2022 in both countries, which affected 10 provinces in the Democr... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "regional protection monitoring data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
### **Registration and Documentation**
UNHCR Indonesia undertakes registration of persons seeking asylum in Indonesia on behalf of the
Government of Indonesia and issues UNHCR identity documentation. Registration interviews are
primarily conducted in-person for verification of biometric data and relevant records. Most... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
# Appendix. Model Calibration
##### D.Climate is CGE [51] model developed by Deloitte Economic Institute based on GTAP model [52] . If source of data is not specified it means that shocks were calibrated to data from the model database.
It was assumed that impact of refugees on the Polish economy was felt as combined... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "World Population Prospects"
},
{
"text": "Statistics Poland"
},
{
"text": "PESEL UKR"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "data for residents of Poland from Statistic... |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
### **Disability and** **MHPSS**
Mental health and psychosocial problems were significantly more often reported by individuals with disabilities (51%, up from 42% in 2023) compared to those without disabilities (21%, up from 17% in 2023).
This high... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
##### **September/ October 2023 report**
###### Venezuela
edits to some of the objectives and to the
timeline stipulated.
**IV. GPC Townhall**
**On October 18th a Townhall was**
**organized by the Global Protection**
**Cluster (GPC) with Field Operations.**
HRP 2024 key messages/instructions
were discussed and... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
lack of trust (3%), work commitments (3%), transportation (2%), and insecurity/safety concerns (2%) and other factors (5%). Results show that, despite reporting mental health problems that impede functioning, more than a third of respondents did not perceive a need for MHPSS, which may stem from a lack of mental health... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
2021, so the sample size is still growing.
However, it is large enough to allow for some cautious inference with 4.2 million Polish citizens in mid-2022 and 6.2 million in mid-2024. This has been combined with average salaries in 128 occupational groups in GUS data for October 2022 (the most recent data). Over the two-... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "GUS data for October 2022"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
to April 2022 on wages of native workers and other immigrants. They find no effect on wages, employment, or unemployment rate, except a very small positive impact on the wages of native women.
Understanding how immigrants create positive productivity effects that counteract negative wage pressures and improve economic ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES the survey data side, only households that did not have any missing information on income (respondents were asked to provide both sources and amounts) were included in the calculation. For households claiming no or... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "the survey data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Most of the refugees from Ukraine currently living in Poland are women and children, though over half of the total population is of working age.
The best population data available is the active PESEL database as of 10th October 2023. According to the registry, 63.7% of them are women and 36.3% are men.
The database als... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "active PESEL database"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Kenya in 2016, followed by the provision of nationality to 1,659 Shona in 2020-21, and most recently, the
recognition as nationals of approximately 7,000 Pemba in 2023. These milestones underscore Kenya’s commitment
to addressing statelessness, a commitment reaffirmed at the Global Refugee Forum (GRF) in December 202... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply Mining and quarrying Transportation and storage
**-1**
**34**
**Chart 8.** Share of companies reporting vacancies
50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% C I G Q N P J M O F K A L E D B H
**Source:** Deloitte own elaboration based on ZUS data.
(more than 18 thousand), and wholes... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "ZUS data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
- Enhance
awareness,
developing
trust
among
stakeholders
and
building
capacities
of
central
and
local
authorities,
implementing
and
operational
partners,
civil
society
and
local
communities
to
support
and
deliver
protection
and
assistance,
including
investing
in... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
THE ROLE OF HOUSING SUPPORT AND EMPLOYMENT FACILITATION IN ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY OF REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
### **Contents**
Acknowledgements 2 Summary of findings and recommendations 3 Background 4 Socio-economic inclusion – key findings 4 Methodology 10 Limitations 11
### **Acknowledgements**
We gratefully a... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Poland**
The beginning of the full-scale war in Ukraine in February 2022 resulted in large flows of refugees, reaching more than 6 million globally. [3] Much of this exodus happened through the Polish border.
As of October 2023, almost 1 million Ukrainian refugees were living in Poland [4] (Chapter 1). In the past de... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
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} |
Furthermore, on 1 June 2023, the Transitional National Council also enacted [Law No. 012/PT/2023](https://www.refworld.org/docid/648710104.html) relating to
the protection and assistance of internally displaced persons in the Republic of Chad. This Law establishes
the legal framework to assist internally displaced pers... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE
### **Health** **expenditures and** **health insurance**
Regionally health expenditures, on average, were 8% of all household expenditures in the 30 days preceding the survey, a slight reduction from 9% in 2023. In Latvia, Moldova, Romania and Bulg... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Policy Research Working Paper 7250
### **Abstract**
Ghana is experiencing its third gold rush, and this paper
sheds light on the socioeconomic impacts of this rapid
expansion in industrial production. Using a rich dataset consisting of geocoded household data combined
with detailed information on gold mining activit... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "geocoded household data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
mining at birth. In investigating the effects on birth outcomes and infant mortality, we further
classify a child as treated if he or she is born in a district with active mining during the birth
year (in contrast to whether the mine is active when the mother was interviewed). We also
include controls for the age of... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Despite the enactment of new asylum legislation, potential inconsistencies may persist with other laborrelated legislation that remain in force or have not been amended in the country. This lack of alignment
could create hesitancy among prospective employers when considering the hiring of refugees.
For instance, [Decr... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**population in Poland has changed**
**radically after February 24, 2022.**
Up until 2021, Ukrainians in Poland were mostly men (close to two-thirds), who came for work-related reasons, often leaving their families back in Ukraine. The onset of the full-scale conflict in Ukraine triggered the arrival of individuals di... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Labour Force Survey"
},
{
"text": "PESEL database"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "ZUS data"
}
],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Social insurance data"
}
]
}
} |
##### **September/ October 2023 report**
###### Venezuela
Reproductive Health), reinforcing com
munity resilience through livelihoods
and access to adequate food, women's
empowerment, gender equality, and
provision of assistance and protection
services (including Gender-Based Vio
lence (GBV), children and adolesc... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Wages also improved but remain significantly below host levels**
Despite a 28% increase in the regional weighted average wage of refugees in 2024, this figure still stands 30% lower than that of the local population. This means that, on average, Ukrainians earned roughly two-thirds of what their hosts did for the sa... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
A stateless person is someone who is not considered as a national by any
State under the operation of its law.
- 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons (Article 1).
**Globally, an estimated 4.4 million people lack a nationality, leaving them stateless, according to statistics published**
**by U... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "national statistics"
}
]
}
} |
Including a productivity shock will allow us to address the limitations of the “canonical model” of immigration. Peri (2016, 2014) refers to the framework that economists typically used to analyse migration in the 1980s and 1990s as the “canonical model”.
In this model, immigration is simply a shift in the labour suppl... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Brazil stands as a regional leader, implementing _prima facie_ simplified refugee status determination
procedures under the regional refugee definition of the 1984 Cartagena Declaration
(contemplated in its national legislation as those fleeing serious human rights violations) for
individuals from Venezuela, Burkina Fa... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
_Yivt = β0 + β1 ꞏ activet + β2 ꞏ mine + β3 ꞏ activet_ _* mine + αd + gt_ _+ λXi + εivt_, (1)
where the outcome of an individual _i_ in cluster _v_, and for year _t_ is regressed on district and year
fixed effects, a dummy for whether the respondent lives within 20 km of a mine (which is a
current or future mine [8] ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
UNHCR
will
gradually
phase
down
its
direct
assistance
reviewing,
together
with
stakeholders
progress
achieved
on
repatriation
and
reintegration,
including
analysing
prospects
for
durable
solutions
and
efforts
to
mainstream
reintegration
needs
in
national
policie... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
2. Regulatory Environment and Governance
biometric and individual data of asylum-seekers in the UNHCR-managed refugee management database,
ensuring that this process remains distinct from the registration of an asylum application carried out strictly
by CNARR.
Article 31 of the 2020 Law and Article 73 of the 2023 Dec... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "UNHCR-managed refugee management database"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
1000 500 0 65+ 55-64 45-54 35-44 25-34 18-24 <18 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
**Source:** Deloitte own elaboration based on the PESEL database as of October 2023
**Chart 5.** Composition of refugee households in Poland
60% 50% Total entries-exits of the Polish-Ukrainian border Pesel data
**Source:** Del... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "PESEL database"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Pesel data"
}
]
}
} |
Immigration can raise not only economic output (i.e., more workers equal more production), but more importantly labour productivity (i.e., more value added produced per worker). Such a result may appear counterintuitive to a simple supplydemand intuition, where an increase in the number of workers lowers the amount of ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
68.8% 2024-Q2 2021-Q2 67.5% 2022-Q2 40.3 40.3 40.4 40.4 Source: Deloitte own elaboration based of Eurostat data (Labour Force Survey).
Source: Deloitte own elaboration based of Eurostat data (Labour Force Survey).
Part-time Full-time 31 Deloitte has not received data that would be detailed as to citizenship, poviat, ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Labour Force Survey"
},
{
"text": "Eurostat data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
consistent with previous, similar studies.
However, they should be treated as lowerbound estimates, as we do not allow for the possibility of an increase in the labour force triggering a positive productivity shock (e.g., due to increased specialisation), because there is little data to credibly estimate its size.
A f... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE For the regional analysis, population weights were applied based on the most up-to-date refugee population figures for each country, ensuring the findings accurately represented the broader regional refugee population. To maintain comparability, the ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
- 65% in early 2023 with a further 10%
already having completed a course. 87% also took part in inclusion courses that were offered. Per the report, since the beginning of the full-scale war,, around one million people have fled to Germany, while Eurostat data on beneficiaries of temporary protection show that there we... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "MSNA Poland 2023 survey results"
},
{
"text": "ZUS (social security) statistics"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "Eurostat data on beneficiaries of temporary protection"
}
],
"vague_data": [... |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE health needs were regionally reported higher among those with disabilities (23%) and higher compared to 2023 (14%). Notably, respondents with a disability in Latvia, Czechia, Bulgaria, Lithuania and Slovakia reported a similar level of access to heal... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
In practice, access to these financial services is still hindered by the type of identification documents issued by
CNARR and UNHCR to refugees. The refugee identity cards, not issued by the national competent authority,
ANATS, is often considered an unofficial document in most cases. Efforts to expand the legally reco... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
1. Compared to the [2023 MSNA data](https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/108068)
2. For the purposes of this analysis defined as 50% of the host country median equivalized disposable incomed. This approach is equivalent to Eurostat’s at-risk-of-poverty (AROP) methodology 3. Defined as the share of the population... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "2023 MSNA data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
- Co-‐existence
activities
in
areas
of
return,
including
through
working
with
CBOs
for
the
identification
of
key
points
of
current/potential
tensions,
designing
of
joint
reintegration
projects,
and
conducting
cultural
activities
that
foster
traditional
values
... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Note: Data are based on average social security contributions bases in employee-cells, each cell for a specific poviat, sex, age group, and main occupational group. All data are for the 01XX ZUS insurance code (employees). Data for Q2 2022 encompass 6945 employee-cells of Ukrainian refugees joined with likewise cells f... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "ZUS data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "ZUS administrative data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Mental health is a significant concern, with particularly high needs in populations fleeing conflict. WHO estimates that one in five people affected by conflict (22.1%) have a mental health condition, including 13.0% with mild, 4.0% with moderate, and 5.1% with severe conditions [4] .
Refugees may have experienced conf... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**decreases it.** Some evidence shows that
when refugees from Ukraine have access to education, healthcare, and social services, they may be more likely to consider returning home, precisely because they feel more stable and have the resources to make plans. Sohst et al. (2024) found that short-term return intentions w... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**•** Aleksynska and Tritah (2015) look for economic impacts of immigration in a
sample of 20 developed OECD countries at 5-year intervals during the 19602005 period. They find that a higher rate of immigration by 1 percentage point increases GDP per capita growth rate by 0.3 percentage point. They try to disaggregate... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
3. Economic Opportunities
which aims at preventing conflict, enabling resolution and improving the understanding of law and justice.
In practice, the availability of judicial services, including Court, remains scarce or too distant from refugee
hosting areas, including camps. The nascent state legal aid services rema... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Additionally, insights were drawn from the Kenya COVID-19 Rapid Response Phone Surveys (RRPS), [[9]] conducted
between 2020 and 2022, which included the Shona as a distinct stratum. The RRPS monitored the impact of the
pandemic on vulnerable groups, capturing critical data on employment disruptions, income losses, an... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "Kenya COVID-19 Rapid Response Phone Surveys"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
**Chart 15. Ukrainian refugees wages median net wage by age group**
Monthly net wage (PLN) Percengate of all workers total economy average Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
**Chart 16. Median net wages of ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS UNHCR survey"
},
{
"text": "GUS data"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The
ongoing
presence
of
armed
actors
in
places
of
displacement
and
potential
return
remains
a
key
concern.
Communities
have
been
subject
to
protection
risks
associated
with
the
presence
of
military
units
including
forced
labour,
forced
recruitment
and ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
While
all
the
conditions
and
safeguards
for
an
organized
voluntary
return
to
South-‐East
Myanmar
are
not
yet
in
place,
positive
political
and
economic
reforms
and
security
developments
have
increased
momentum
for
preparing
for
a
possible
voluntary
ret... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Access to services**
**Since 2020, the Shona community has made significant strides in the enjoyment of rights and access to essential**
**services and social, economic, and financial opportunities.** The acquisition of citizenship has enabled the
community to access critical documentation, with 86 percent of indi... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
2. Regulatory Environment and Governance
### **2. Regulatory Environment and Governance**
**2.1** **Normative framework**
[Chad, already a state party to the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol,](https://www.unhcr.org/fr/media/convention-et-protocole-relatifs-au-statut-des-refugi... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Consistent with the recent legislation consolidating past practices, CNARR, through its Eligibility Sub
Commission, remains the primary authority for asylum at first instance. Over the past three years, CNARR
has employed prima facie refugee recognition during the registration phase for asylum-seekers from Central
Afri... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
mine). Women are more likely to earn cash and less likely to work in agriculture after mine
openings. We find similar results when we analyze the effects at the district level and when we
use production levels instead of openings and closings of mines. We interpret this as there being
additional effects of being ver... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Net primary school enrolment shows a slight decline but is attributed to changes in the education system rather**
**than reduced access.** The enrolment rate decreased from 81 percent in 2019 to 75 percent in 2024. However, this
is likely due to the adjustment in the age bracket for primary school in Kenya under na... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "2019 Shona socioeconomic survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**Immigrants could possess complementary skills that**
**make native workers more productive as they specialise.**
These skills do not even need to be advanced to be complementary. Natives are likely to deal better with communications-intensive tasks and have better networking, all of which may be better paid and not ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "USA data"
}
]
}
} |
Despite the possible gains in wages for wage earners, we note a decrease in the regionally
deflated total household expenditure (column 5), and a decrease in per capita expenditure on
food and nonfood items (column 4). The increase in wages but decrease in total expenditure
can possibly be explained by rising prices... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
_UNHCR
Discussion
Paper
–15
June
2013_
lack
of
skilled
personnel,
facilities,
basic
equipment
and
supplies,
including
in
terms
of
potentially
life-‐saving
reproductive
health,
malaria
prevention
and
control
and
HIV
services.
The
education
sector
is
also
s... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Sample distribution by geographical strata, Poland 5,645 13,420 Jul-Aug UNHCR, IOM followed by random selection of districts, and convenience sampling for household selection.
CSCM, IOM, Romania 1,222 3,485 Jul-Sep UNHCR UNHCR, IOM, Slovakia 819 1,853 Jul-Aug WHO, UNICEF, SHC
**Total** **11,530** **27,302** **Jun-Sep... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
dropping from 33 percent to 21 percent. The literacy rate has remained constant at 93 percent, reflecting sustained
access to education. Overall, the Shona community's demographic profile suggests stability and gradual socio
economic integration following their acquisition of citizenship.
_Table 1: Demographic chara... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "2019 Shona socioeconomic survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Many
people
do
not
possess
a
Citizenship
Scrutiny
Card
(or
“CSC”)
either
because
they
live
or
used
to
live
in
conflict
areas
controlled
by
ethnic
armed
groups
with
no
Government
representation,
or
simply
because
they
do
not
have
access
to
the
a... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Indonesia’s National Refugee Task Force, established in 2019, remains an important Government entity
in the management of refugee affairs. Deputy V in POLHUKAM is the head of the National Refugee
Task Force and members include the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and a wide range of security-focused
actors. Several local re... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
can promote reconciliation and a sense of national unity and identity. [[11]]
**Acquiring Kenyan citizenship has significantly improved the socioeconomic conditions of the Shona community,**
**enabling them to access essential services, economic opportunities, and social benefits.** Before gaining citizenship
in 202... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Moreover, Chad developed a national strategic plan for the progressive implementation of universal health
coverage from 2017 to 2019, starting with vulnerable populations. Eventually, it should cover all individuals
residing in Chad, including refugees. However, the implementation of this plan was disrupted by the
COVI... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
In terms of economic violence, only 21% of Venezuelan women of working age access the formal
job market, compared with 42% of men, and the situation is even worst for young women aged
18 to 26 who are single head of household (13%). [28] Moreover, women in the formal job market
earn an average salary that is 7% lower t... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The top 5 protection incidents reported in the region are homicide (30 per cent), assault and battery (29 percent),
extortion of property (16 per cent), destruction of properties (13 per cent), and looting (12 per cent). Also, those
protection incidents affected 99.88 percent of Internally displaced persons (IDPs), 0.1... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "September 2022 regional data"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
have a stronger focus on all households’ members, rather than focusing only on women and
young children. In addition, they provide more detailed information on labor market
participation, such as exact profession (where, for example, being a miner is a possible
outcome), hours worked, and a wage indicator. The data ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "repeated survey data"
}
]
}
} |
Analysis of the impact of refugees from Ukraine on the economy of Poland
#### **Model calibration**
We introduce a positive productivity shock into the Deloitte D.Climate model, reflecting empirical findings that refugee inflows coincided with stronger labour-market outcomes, to offset any potential adverse effects. ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
health care access, as has been observed in Tanzania (Rhee et al., 2018).
The analysis shows that mining has created structural shifts in labor markets, and that it has
reduced infant mortality rates. However, along with increased wage rates, we find that
household level expenditure on housing and energy increases. ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology issued a Circular Note in
2019, with amendments in 2022, allowing refugees and asylum seekers to access primary and
secondary formal and informal education in the national education system. Enrollment in local schools
requires a valid UNHCR document... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
HIGH EMPLOYMENT RATES, BUT LOW WAGES: A POVERTY ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINIAN REFUGEES IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
**TOP 5 REFUGEE EMPLOYMENT SECTORS SPLIT BY**
**EMPLOYEE BACKGROUND (2024)**
**TOP EMPLOYMENT BARRIERS FOR EMPLOYED REFUGEES**
**(2024)**
Employed in the same sector in Ukraine Manufacturing Hospitality Constr... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "Survey data"
}
]
}
} |
NAVIGATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CHALLENGES FOR REFUGEES FROM UKRAINE The survey methodology relied on a single household member (the respondent) answering health and MHPSS questions on behalf of all household members, which may have limited the ability to fully capture the unique needs and experiences of each individu... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Power BI Desktop Solutions Pathways Action Plan Protection and Conflict Sensitivity
-
Baardheere: A high occurence of violence and sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) perpretrated by non-state actors as well as private individuals, highlighting a complicated conflict landscape. There is a need for strengthened prot... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
**situation over the past year.** In
the 15-59/64 age group, employment rate of Polish citizens stood at 75% in Q2 2024 according to Eurostat, slightly more than the 69% for Ukrainian refugees in the SEIS 2024 survey and 73% when adjusted for a different sex and age structure. In the 15-64 age group, the employment rat... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS 2024 survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
### TABLE OF CONTENTS September/ October 2023 report Venezuela
**Operational highlights**
4 Humanitarian Program Cycle 2024: Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) Process
4 Coordination with other platforms, subnational Clusters, ICCG, and Partners
5 Accountability for Affected Populations (AAP) WG
5 GPC Townhall
5 L... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
2. Regulatory Environment and Governance
related to refugees. CNARR continues to be responsible for coordinating the protection of refugees. Its tasks
include safeguarding the well-being of refugees and asylum-seekers, managing issues related to them (such as
identification and registration, document issuance and camp... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Power BI Desktop Climate Change & Resilience Enhancing the climate adaption and resilience of IDPs and host communities is a priority.
Strengthening their ability to cope with and recover from current and future shocks, such as conflicts or climate change disasters, is essential for sustainable development and reducing... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
UNHCR conducts case management for survivors of gender-based violence and refers them to support
services with their consent. Assistance may include medical care, psychosocial support, temporary
safe accommodation, assistance to report to police and in any legal process, and interventions to
protect impacted children, ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
_Note:_ This figure shows the mine locations and the district in which the mines are located.
The baseline specification is shown in the following equation:
𝑌��� - 𝛽�𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒_𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡�� - ∝�� 𝑔� �𝜆𝑋�� �𝜀��� �3�
The outcome for individual _i_ in district _d_ in time period _t_ i... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": [
{
"text": "individual-level data"
}
]
}
} |
Children from households with members living below the poverty line were also found to significantly less frequently attend school. The enrollment rate in local schools for 5–17-year-olds in this group amounted to 72% as opposed to 84% for households with a higher income. Moreover, close to 20% of these children did no... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
reintegration. The employment rate for women dropped from 72 percent in 2019 to 61 percent in 2024, suggesting
a slower recovery in sectors traditionally dominated by women. Overall, the Shona community’s gradual
employment recovery indicates the value of citizenship in building economic resilience and highlights the... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
The paper contributes to the growing literature on the local effects of mining. Much of the
academic interest in natural resources is focused on country-wide effects, and this research
discusses whether the discovery of natural resources is a blessing or a curse to the national
economy. Natural resource dependence a... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
to credit, which is critical for expanding small businesses or starting new ventures. These changes underscore the
transformative role of citizenship in enabling the Shona community to overcome previous barriers to economic
participation and build sustainable livelihoods.
**Moreover, citizenship has also led to incr... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
of intent to employ foreign workers. The results are similar to the OLS estimation; however, when the second instrument is used without the first one, it gives a higher result. Instrumental variables regressions show that in 2023, a 1 percentage point higher employment share of Ukrainian refugees caused a PLN 70 higher... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [
{
"text": "2019 Ukrainian workers distribution"
}
],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
English for Speakers of Other Languages programme in Massachusetts. The policy targeted all immigrants, including those who had lived in Massachusetts for several years, with data for 2008–2016 and 4,700 individual lottery applicants. Authors found a causal effect, with annual earnings increasing by USD 2,400. These ea... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "SEIS UNHCR survey"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
REGIONAL BUREAU FOR SOUTHERN AFRICA
**2022 VOLUNTARY REPATRIATION IN SOUTHERN AFRICA REGION**
As of 30 September 2022
MAP OF VOLUNTARY REPATRIATION WHERE THE FLOW INVOLVE 5 POCs OR MORE
KEY FIGURES
15,042
Total Individuals
repatrieted since
January 2022
Individuals repatrieted
**within Southern Africa**
**Reg... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [
{
"text": "UNHCR PRIMES"
}
],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
Ultimately, refugees provide the Polish economy an additional boost both in total product and demand. That allowed for an increase in real GDP. This situation was especially beneficial for public finance.
Although the influx of refugees was costly at the start, the additional revenue they provided was more than enough ... | {
"entities": {
"named_data": [],
"descriptive_data": [],
"vague_data": []
}
} |
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