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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_artificial_intelligence#193 | though there is none, and their output crops up everywhere," she wrote. She gives the example that ChatGPT overuses the word "delve," in a way that people do not, which has thrown off the frequency of this specific word.
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Further reading
[edit]- He, Ran; Cao, Jie; Tan, Tieniu (2025). "Generative Artificial Intelligence: A Historical Perspective". National Science Review. 12 (5): nwaf050. doi:10.1093/nsr/nwaf050. PMC 11970245. PMID 40191253. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#0 | South Park
South Park is an American animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone, and developed by Brian Graden for Comedy Central. The series revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their exploits in and around the titular Colorado town. South Park also fe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#1 | e of subject matter.
Parker and Stone developed South Park from two animated short films, both titled The Spirit of Christmas, released in 1992 and 1995. The second short became one of the first viral Internet videos, leading to the series' production. The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation; the remainde... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#2 | en and produced during the week preceding their broadcast, with Parker serving as the lead writer and director.
Since its debut on August 13, 1997, 328 episodes of South Park have been broadcast. It debuted with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program. Subsequent ratings have ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#3 | a series of television specials was announced for Paramount+, the first two of which were released later that year.[2][3] In October 2019, it was announced that WarnerMedia had acquired exclusive streaming rights to South Park starting in June 2020 for HBO Max.[4] The series' twenty-seventh season will premiere on July... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#4 | hows. It has received numerous accolades, including five Primetime Emmy Awards and a Peabody Award. A theatrical film, South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut, was released in June 1999 to commercial and critical success, garnering an Academy Award nomination. In 2013, TV Guide ranked South Park the tenth Greatest TV Cartoo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#5 | d Kenny McCormick. The boys live in the fictional small town of South Park, located within the real-life South Park basin in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado,[7] approximately a one-hour drive from Denver.[8] The town is also home to an assortment of other characters, including students, families, elementary sch... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#6 | ding mountain range, actual Colorado landmarks, and the businesses along the town's main street, all of which are based on the appearance of similar locations in Fairplay, Colorado.[7][9] As one of the few television programs set in the Mountain West region that takes place outside the urban core of Denver, South Park ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#7 | ing, Mormons, real-life Colorado locations such as Casa Bonita and Cave of the Winds, and many other regionally specific characteristics.
Stan is portrayed as an average American boy; however, he has many mishaps throughout the series. In the first 22 seasons, Stan lived in South Park, but in the episodes during and af... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#8 | en dealt with satirically.[10] Stan is modeled after Parker, while Kyle is modeled after Stone. They are best friends, and their friendship, symbolically intended to reflect Parker and Stone's friendship,[11] is a common topic throughout the series. Cartman (as he is commonly referred to) is amoral and increasingly psy... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#9 | 0][12] Kenny, who comes from a poor family, tightly wears his parka hood to the point where it obscures most of his face and muffles his speech. During the first five seasons, Kenny died in almost every episode before reappearing in the next with no definite explanation. He was killed off in the fifth season episode "K... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#10 | ically. During the first 58 episodes, the children were in the third grade. During the fourth season, they entered the fourth grade, where they have remained ever since.[13][14]
Plots are often set in motion by events, ranging from the fairly typical to the supernatural and extraordinary, which frequently happen in the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#11 | e, who are customarily depicted as irrational, gullible, and prone to overreaction.[7][16] They are frequently confused by the contradictory and hypocritical behavior of their parents and other adults, and often perceive them as having distorted views on morality and society.[9][17]
Themes and style
Each episode opens ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#12 | are entirely fictional. All celebrity voices are impersonated.....poorly. The following program contains coarse language and due to its content it should not be viewed by anyone."[18][19]
South Park was the first weekly program to be rated TV-MA,[20] and is generally intended for adult audiences.[21][22][23] The boys a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#13 | arker and Stone perceive this as the manner in which real-life small boys speak when they are alone.[24][25]
South Park commonly makes use of carnivalesque and absurdist techniques,[26] numerous running gags,[27][28] violence,[28][29] sexual content,[30][31] offhand pop-cultural references, and satirical portrayal of c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#14 | had been used on the show occasionally earlier on, it became more prevalent as the series progressed, with the show retaining some of its focus on the boys' fondness of scatological humor in an attempt to remind adult viewers "what it was like to be eight years old".[10] Parker and Stone also began further developing o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#15 | tics, and numerous other topics.[9] This provided the opportunity for the show to spoof both extreme sides of contentious issues,[34] while lampooning both liberal and conservative points of view.[9][16][35] Rebecca Raphael described the show as "an equal opportunity offender",[15] while Parker and Stone describe their... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#16 | t from mockery and satire.[16][32][38][39][40]
Parker and Stone insist that the show is still more about "kids being kids" and "what it's like to be in [elementary school] in America",[41] stating that the introduction of a more satirical element to the series was the result of the two adding more of a "moral center" t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#17 | ane, Parker notes that there is still an "underlying sweetness" aspect to the child characters,[34] and Time described the boys as "sometimes cruel but with a core of innocence".[11] Usually, the boys or other characters pondered over what transpired during an episode and conveyed the important lesson taken from it wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#18 | ething today...".[42]
Development
Parker and Stone met in film class at the University of Colorado in 1992 and discovered a shared love of Monty Python, which they often cite as one of their primary inspirations.[43] They created an animated short entitled The Spirit of Christmas.[27] The film was created by animating ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#19 | esembling Cartman but named "Kenny", an unnamed character resembling what is today Kenny, and two near-identical unnamed characters who resemble Stan and Kyle. Fox Broadcasting Company executive and mutual friend Brian Graden commissioned Parker and Stone to create a second short film as a video Christmas card. Created... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#20 | een the two homonymous shorts, the first short is often referred to as Jesus vs. Frosty, and the second short as Jesus vs. Santa. Graden sent copies of the video to several of his friends, and from there it was copied and distributed, including on the internet, where it became one of the first viral videos.[27][11]
As ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#21 | dren residing in a fictional Colorado town in the real-life South Park basin. Fox eagerly agreed to meet with the duo about the show's premise, having prided itself on edgier products such as Cops, The Simpsons, and The X-Files. However, during the meeting at the Fox office in Century City, disagreements between the tw... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#22 | character named Mr. Hankey. Some executives at 20th Century Fox Television (which was to produce the series) agreed with its then-sister network's stance on Mr. Hankey and repeatedly requested Parker and Stone to remove the character in order for the show to proceed. Refusing to meet their demands, the duo cut ties wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#23 | ations with both MTV and Comedy Central. Parker preferred the show be produced by Comedy Central, fearing that MTV would turn it into a kids show.[48] When Comedy Central executive Doug Herzog watched the short, he commissioned for it to be developed into a series.[27][49] Parker and Stone assembled a small staff and s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#24 | t even aired when the show fared poorly with test audiences, particularly with women. However, the shorts were still gaining more popularity over the Internet, and Comedy Central ordered a run of six episodes.[36][48] South Park debuted with "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe" on August 13, 1997.[51]
Production
Except for the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#25 | ily Autodesk Maya.[52] As opposed to the pilot, which took three months to complete,[53] and other animated sitcoms, which are traditionally hand-drawn by companies in South Korea in a process that takes roughly eight to nine months,[27][35] individual episodes of South Park take significantly less time to produce. Usi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#26 | first seasons.[54] Now, with a staff of about 70 people, episodes are typically completed in one week,[27][34][35] with some in as little as three to four days.[55][56][57] Nearly the entire production of an episode is accomplished within one set of offices, which were originally at a complex in Westwood, Los Angeles, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#27 | ive producers throughout its entire history.[58] Debbie Liebling, who was Senior Vice President of original programming and development for Comedy Central, also served as an executive producer during the show's first five seasons, coordinating the show's production efforts between South Park Studios and Comedy Central'... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#28 | be sent to Comedy Central for airing in just a few days' time.[61] Each episode used to cost $250,000.[62]
Writing
Scripts are not written before a season begins.[63] Production of an episode begins on a Thursday, with the show's writing consultants brainstorming with Parker and Stone. Former staff writers include Pam ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#29 | ancy Pimental, who served as co-host of Win Ben Stein's Money and wrote the film The Sweetest Thing after her tenure with the show during its first three seasons.[64][65] Television producer and writer Norman Lear, an idol of both Parker and Stone, served as a guest writing consultant for the season seven (2003) episod... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#30 | Bill Hader served as a creative consultant and co-producer.[68][69][70]
After exchanging ideas, Parker will write a script, and from there the entire team of animators, editors, technicians, and sound engineers will each typically work 100–120 hours in the ensuing week.[50] Since the show's fourth season (2000), Parker... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#31 | oordination and business aspects of the production.[27][71] On Wednesday, a completed episode is sent to Comedy Central's headquarters via satellite uplink, sometimes just a few hours before its air time of 10 PM Eastern Time.[27][72]
Parker and Stone state that subjecting themselves to a one-week deadline creates more... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#32 | outh Park to both stay more topical and respond more quickly to specific current events than other satiric animated shows.[10][73] One of the earliest examples of this was in the season four (2000) episode "Quintuplets 2000", which references the United States Border Patrol's raid of a house during the Elián González a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#33 | s Forever" references the Terri Schiavo case,[25][34] and originally aired in the midst of the controversy and less than 12 hours before she died.[35][75] A scene in the season seven (2003) finale "It's Christmas in Canada" references the discovery of dictator Saddam Hussein in a "spider hole" and his subsequent captur... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#34 | round Barack Obama's victory in the 2008 presidential election, and aired less than 24 hours after Obama was declared the winner, using segments of dialogue from Obama's real victory speech.[77]
On October 16, 2013, the show failed to meet their production deadline for the first time ever, after a power outage on Octob... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#35 | The episode was rescheduled to air a week later on October 23, 2013.[78]
Animation
The show's style of animation is inspired by the paper cut-out cartoons made by Terry Gilliam for Monty Python's Flying Circus, of which Parker and Stone have been lifelong fans.[48][11][79] Construction paper and traditional stop motion... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#36 | duced by computer animation, providing a similar look to the originals while requiring a fraction of the time to produce. Before computer artists begin animating an episode, a series of animatics drawn in Toon Boom are provided by the show's storyboard artists.[50][80]
The characters and objects are composed of simple ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#37 | heir clothing, hair and skin colors, and headwear.[17] Characters are mostly presented two-dimensionally and from only one angle. Their movements are animated in an intentionally jerky fashion, as they are purposely not offered the same free range of motion associated with hand-drawn characters.[10][53][81] Occasionall... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#38 | t of the show's traditional style. Canadians on the show are often portrayed in an even more minimalist fashion; they have simple beady eyes, and the top halves of their heads simply flap up and down when the characters speak.[38]
When the show began using computers, the cardboard cutouts were scanned and re-drawn with... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#39 | ions were linked to a 54-processor render farm that could render 10 to 15 shots an hour.[50] Beginning with season five, the animators began using Maya instead of PowerAnimator.[82] As of 2012, the studio ran a 120-processor render farm that can produce 30 or more shots an hour.[50]
PowerAnimator and Maya are high-end ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Park#40 | r was initially chosen because its features helped animators retain the show's "homemade" look.[53] PowerAnimator was also used for making some of the show's visual effects,[53] which are now created using Motion,[50] a newer graphics program created by Apple, Inc. for their Mac OS X operating system. The show's visual... |
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