id int64 39 11.1M | section stringlengths 3 4.51M | length int64 2 49.9k | title stringlengths 1 182 | chunk_id int64 0 68 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2,952 | # Alcopop
An **alcopop** (or **cooler**) is a category of mixed alcoholic beverages with relatively low alcohol content (e.g., 3--7% alcohol by volume), including:
1. Malt beverages to which various fruit juices or other flavorings have been added
2. Wine coolers: beverages containing wine to which ingredients such... | 406 | Alcopop | 0 |
2,952 | # Alcopop
## History
Wine coolers gained popularity in the US market in the 1980s when Bartles and Jaymes began advertising their brand of wine coolers, which were followed by other brands, including when Bacardi introduced the Breezer. A growth in popularity occurred around 1993 with Two Dogs, DNA Alcoholic Spring W... | 685 | Alcopop | 1 |
2,952 | # Alcopop
## Health concerns {#health_concerns}
Alcohol-based sugar-sweetened beverages like alcopop are closely linked to episodic drinking in adolescents.
## Attempts to discourage {#attempts_to_discourage}
### Australia
The Australian government increased the tax on these drinks under the 2008 budget to the sam... | 448 | Alcopop | 2 |
2,955 | # Alkali
In chemistry, an **alkali** (`{{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|l|k|ə|l|aɪ|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Alkali.wav}}`{=mediawiki}; from the Arabic word `{{transliteration|ar|al-qāly}}`{=mediawiki}, *القالِي*) is a basic salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. An alkali can also be de... | 630 | Alkali | 0 |
2,955 | # Alkali
## Alkali lakes {#alkali_lakes}
In alkali lakes (also called *soda lakes*), evaporation concentrates the naturally occurring carbonate salts, giving rise to an alkalic and often saline lake | 29 | Alkali | 1 |
2,957 | # AMOS (programming language)
**AMOS BASIC** is a dialect of the BASIC programming language for the Amiga computer. Following on from the successful STOS BASIC for the Atari ST, AMOS BASIC was written for the Amiga by François Lionet with Constantin Sotiropoulos and published by Europress Software in 1990.
The langua... | 502 | AMOS (programming language) | 0 |
2,994 | # Anemometer
In meteorology, an **anemometer** (`{{etymology|grc|''{{wikt-lang|grc|άνεμος}}'' ({{grc-transl|άνεμος}})|wind||''{{wikt-lang|grc|μέτρον}}'' ({{grc-transl|μέτρον}})|measure}}`{=mediawiki}) is a device that measures wind speed and direction. It is a common instrument used in weather stations. The earliest k... | 1,176 | Anemometer | 0 |
2,994 | # Anemometer
## Velocity anemometers {#velocity_anemometers}
### Laser Doppler anemometers {#laser_doppler_anemometers}
In laser Doppler velocimetry, laser Doppler anemometers use a beam of light from a laser that is divided into two beams, with one propagated out of the anemometer. Particulates (or deliberately intr... | 727 | Anemometer | 1 |
2,994 | # Anemometer
## Pressure anemometers {#pressure_anemometers}
The first designs of anemometers that measure the pressure were divided into plate and tube classes.
### Plate anemometers {#plate_anemometers}
These are the first modern anemometers. They consist of a flat plate suspended from the top so that the wind de... | 939 | Anemometer | 2 |
2,994 | # Anemometer
## Pressure anemometers {#pressure_anemometers}
### Effect of density on measurements {#effect_of_density_on_measurements}
In the tube anemometer the dynamic pressure is actually being measured, although the scale is usually graduated as a velocity scale. If the actual air density differs from the calibr... | 89 | Anemometer | 3 |
2,994 | # Anemometer
## Effect of icing {#effect_of_icing}
At airports, it is essential to have accurate wind data under all conditions, including freezing precipitation. Anemometry is also required in monitoring and controlling the operation of wind turbines, which in cold environments are prone to in-cloud icing. Icing alt... | 138 | Anemometer | 4 |
3,010 | # Alan Jay Lerner
**Alan Jay Lerner** (August 31, 1918 -- June 14, 1986) was an American lyricist and librettist. In collaboration with Frederick Loewe, and later Burton Lane, he created some of the world\'s most popular and enduring works of musical theatre both for the stage and on film. Lerner won three Tony Awards... | 268 | Alan Jay Lerner | 0 |
3,010 | # Alan Jay Lerner
## Career
Owing to his eye injury, Lerner could not serve in World War II. Instead he wrote radio scripts, including *Your Hit Parade*, until he was introduced to German-Austrian composer Frederick Loewe, who needed a partner, in 1942 at the Lamb\'s Club. While at the Lamb\'s, he also met Lorenz Har... | 1,124 | Alan Jay Lerner | 1 |
3,010 | # Alan Jay Lerner
## Songwriting
Lerner often struggled with writing his lyrics. He was uncharacteristically able to complete \"I Could Have Danced All Night\" from *My Fair Lady* in one 24-hour period. He usually spent months on each song and was constantly rewriting them. Lerner was said`{{by whom|date=August 2017}... | 397 | Alan Jay Lerner | 2 |
3,010 | # Alan Jay Lerner
## Dramatists Guild {#dramatists_guild}
Alan Jay Lerner was an advocate for writers\' rights in theatre. He was a member of the Dramatists Guild of America. In 1960, he was elected as the twelfth president of the non-profit organization. He continued to serve as the Guild\'s president until 1964.
#... | 442 | Alan Jay Lerner | 3 |
3,013 | # Ann Druyan
**Ann Druyan** (`{{IPAc-en|d|r|iː|'|æ|n}}`{=mediawiki} `{{respell|dree|ANN}}`{=mediawiki}; born June 13, 1949) is an American documentary producer and director specializing in the communication of science. She co-wrote the 1980 PBS documentary series *Cosmos*, hosted by Carl Sagan, whom she married in 198... | 278 | Ann Druyan | 0 |
3,013 | # Ann Druyan
## Career
In the late 1970s, Druyan became the creative director of NASA\'s Voyager Interstellar Message Project. As creative director, Druyan worked with a team to design a complex message, including music and images, for possible alien civilizations. These golden phonograph records affixed to the *Voya... | 877 | Ann Druyan | 1 |
3,013 | # Ann Druyan
## Career
### Work in science {#work_in_science}
Druyan is a fellow of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP).
Druyan served as program director of the first solar-sail deep-space mission, Cosmos 1, launched on a Russian ICBM in 2005.
Druyan is involved in m... | 277 | Ann Druyan | 2 |
3,013 | # Ann Druyan
## Honors
An asteroid discovered in 1988 was named in Druyan\'s honor by its discoverer Eleanor F. Helin. In a 2020 interview with *Skeptical Inquirer*, Druyan discussed 4970 Druyan and the asteroid named after her late husband, saying that 4970 Druyan is in a \"wedding ring orbit\" around the Sun with 2... | 514 | Ann Druyan | 3 |
3,019 | # ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
**ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá** `{{post-nominals|country=GBR|KBE}}`{=mediawiki} (`{{IPAc-en|ə|b|ˈ|d|ʊ|l|_|b|ə|ˈ|h|ɑː|}}`{=mediawiki}; Persian: *عبد البهاء*, `{{IPA|fa|ʔæbdolbæhɒːʔ|IPA}}`{=mediawiki};, 23 May 1844 -- 28 November 1921), born **ʻAbbás** (*عباس*, `{{IPA|fa|ʔæbːɒːs|IPA}}`{=mediawiki}), was the eldest son ... | 409 | ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | 0 |
3,019 | # ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
## Early life {#early_life}
ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá was born in Tehran, Persia (now Iran) on 23 May 1844 (5th of Jamadiyu\'l-Avval, 1260 AH), the eldest son of Baháʼu\'lláh and Navváb. He was born on the same night on which the Báb declared his mission. Given the name ʻAbbás at birth, he was named after his gran... | 523 | ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | 1 |
3,019 | # ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
## Baghdad
Baháʼu\'lláh was eventually released from prison but was ordered into exile, and ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá, then eight years old, joined his father on the journey to Baghdad in the winter (January to April) of 1853. During the journey ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá suffered from frost-bite. After a year of difficulties,... | 435 | ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | 2 |
3,019 | # ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
## Istanbul/Adrianople
In 1863, Baháʼu\'lláh was summoned to Istanbul, and thus his family, including ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá, then eighteen, accompanied him on his 110-day journey. The journey to Constantinople was another wearisome voyage, and ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá helped feed the exiles. It was here that his position... | 276 | ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | 3 |
3,019 | # ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
## ʻAkká
At the age of 24, ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá was clearly chief-steward to his father and an outstanding member of the Baháʼí community. In 1868 Baháʼu\'lláh and his family were exiled to the penal colony of ʻAkká, Palestine where it was expected that the family would perish. Arrival in ʻAkká was distressin... | 737 | ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | 4 |
3,019 | # ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
## Early years of his ministry {#early_years_of_his_ministry}
After Baháʼu\'lláh died on 29 May 1892, the Book of the Covenant of Baháʼu\'lláh (his will) named ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá as Centre of the Covenant, successor and interpreter of Baháʼu\'lláh\'s writings.
Baháʼu\'lláh designates his successor with the... | 733 | ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | 5 |
3,019 | # ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
## Early years of his ministry {#early_years_of_his_ministry}
### Ministry, 1901--1912 {#ministry_19011912}
During the final years of the 19th century, while ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá was still officially a prisoner and confined to ʻAkka, he organized the transfer of the remains of the Báb from Iran to Palestine. ... | 686 | ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | 6 |
3,019 | # ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
## Journeys to the West {#journeys_to_the_west}
The 1908 Young Turks revolution liberated all political and religious prisoners in the Ottoman Empire, and ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá was freed from imprisonment. His first action after his liberation was to visit the Shrine of Baháʼu\'lláh in Bahji. While ʻAbdu\'l-Ba... | 691 | ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | 7 |
3,019 | # ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
## Final years (1914--1921) {#final_years_19141921}
thumb\|upright=1.25\|ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá on Mount Carmel with pilgrims in 1919
During World War I (1914--1918) ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá stayed in Palestine and was unable to travel. He carried on a limited correspondence, which included the *Tablets of the Divine Pla... | 1,107 | ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | 8 |
3,019 | # ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
## Appearance and personality {#appearance_and_personality}
ʻAbdu\'l-Bahá was described as handsome, and bore striking resemblance to his mother. As an adult he reached medium height but he gave the impression of being taller. He had dark hair that flowed to his shoulders, grey coloured eyes, a fair co... | 716 | ʻAbdu'l-Bahá | 9 |
3,020 | # Ambrose of Alexandria
**Ambrose of Alexandria** (before 212 -- c. 250) was a friend of the Christian theologian Origen.
## Life
Ambrose was attracted by Origen\'s fame as a teacher, and visited the Catechetical School of Alexandria in 212. At first a gnostic Valentinian and Marcionist, Ambrose, through Origen\'s t... | 239 | Ambrose of Alexandria | 0 |
3,022 | # Autonomous building
An **autonomous building** is a hypothetical building designed to be operated independently from infrastructural support services such as the electric power grid, gas grid, municipal water systems, sewage treatment systems, storm drains, communication services, and in some cases, public roads. Th... | 795 | Autonomous building | 0 |
3,022 | # Autonomous building
## Disadvantages
First and fundamentally, independence is a matter of degree. For example, eliminating dependence on the electrical grid is relatively easy. In contrast, running an efficient, reliable food source can be a chore.
Living within an autonomous shelter may also require sacrifices in... | 760 | Autonomous building | 1 |
3,022 | # Autonomous building
## Systems
### Sewage
#### Resource
Composting toilets use bacteria to decompose human feces into useful, odourless, sanitary compost. The process is sanitary because soil bacteria eat the human pathogens as well as most of the mass of the waste. Nevertheless, most health authorities forbid dir... | 597 | Autonomous building | 2 |
3,022 | # Autonomous building
## Systems
### Storm drains {#storm_drains}
Drainage systems are a crucial compromise between human habitability and a secure, sustainable watershed. Paved areas and lawns or turf do not allow much precipitation to filter through the ground to recharge aquifers. They can cause flooding and damag... | 1,036 | Autonomous building | 3 |
3,022 | # Autonomous building
## Systems
### Heating
Most autonomous buildings are designed to use insulation, thermal mass and passive solar heating and cooling. Examples of these are trombe walls and other technologies as skylights.
Passive solar heating can heat most buildings in even the mild and chilly climates. In col... | 604 | Autonomous building | 4 |
3,022 | # Autonomous building
## Systems
### Water heating {#water_heating}
Hot water heat recycling units recover heat from water drain lines. They increase a building\'s autonomy by decreasing the heat or fuel used to heat water. They are attractive because they have no lifestyle changes.
Current practical, comfortable do... | 917 | Autonomous building | 5 |
3,027 | # Anubis
**Anubis** (`{{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|nj|uː|b|ᵻ|s|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Anubis.wav}}`{=mediawiki}; *Ἄνουβις*), also known as **Inpu**, **Inpw**, **Jnpw**, or **Anpu** in Ancient Egyptian (*translit=Anoup*), is the god of funerary rites, protector of graves, and guide to the under... | 480 | Anubis | 0 |
3,027 | # Anubis
## History
In Egypt\'s Early Dynastic period (c. 3100), Anubis was portrayed in full animal form, with a \"jackal\" head and body. A jackal god, probably Anubis, is depicted in stone inscriptions from the reigns of Hor-Aha, Djer, and other pharaohs of the First Dynasty. Since Predynastic Egypt, when the dead... | 544 | Anubis | 1 |
3,027 | # Anubis
## Roles
### Embalmer
As *jmy-wt* (Imiut or the Imiut fetish) \"He who is in the place of embalming\", Anubis was associated with mummification. He was also called *ḫnty zḥ-nṯr* \"He who presides over the god\'s booth\", in which \"booth\" could refer either to the place where embalming was carried out or t... | 577 | Anubis | 2 |
3,027 | # Anubis
## Portrayal in art {#portrayal_in_art}
Anubis was one of the most frequently represented deities in ancient Egyptian art. He is depicted in royal tombs as early as the First Dynasty. The god is typically treating a king\'s corpse, providing sovereign to mummification rituals and funerals, or standing with f... | 711 | Anubis | 3 |
3,036 | # Adoptionism
thumb\|upright=1.2\|Francesco Albani\'s *The Baptism of Christ*, when Jesus became one with God according to adoptionism
**Adoptionism**, also called **dynamic monarchianism**, is an early Christian nontrinitarian theological doctrine, subsequently revived in various forms, which holds that Jesus was ad... | 297 | Adoptionism | 0 |
3,036 | # Adoptionism
## History
### Early Christianity {#early_christianity}
#### Adoptionism and high Christology {#adoptionism_and_high_christology}
Bart Ehrman claims that the New Testament writings contain two different Christologies, namely a \"low\" or adoptionist Christology, and a \"high\" or \"incarnation Christo... | 1,121 | Adoptionism | 1 |
3,036 | # Adoptionism
## History
### Early Christianity {#early_christianity}
#### Ebionites
Adoptionism was also adhered to by the Jewish Christians known as Ebionites, who, according to Epiphanius in the 4th century, believed that Jesus was chosen on account of his sinless devotion to the will of God.
The Ebionites were a... | 503 | Adoptionism | 2 |
3,036 | # Adoptionism
## History
### Scholastic Neo-adoptionism {#scholastic_neo_adoptionism}
A third wave was the revived form (\"Neo-adoptionism\") of Peter Abelard in the 12th century. Later, various modified and qualified Adoptionist tenets emerged from some theologians in the 14th century. Duns Scotus (1300) and Durandu... | 406 | Adoptionism | 3 |
3,037 | # Apollinarism
**Apollinarism** or **Apollinarianism** is a Christological position proposed by Apollinaris of Laodicea that argues that Jesus had a human body and sensitive human soul, but a divine mind and not a human rational mind, the Divine Logos taking the place of the latter. It was deemed heretical by the Firs... | 469 | Apollinarism | 0 |
3,044 | # Amphisbaena
The **amphisbaena** (`{{IPAc-en|ˌ|æ|m|f|ɪ|s|ˈ|b|ɛ|ɪ|n|ə}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{IPAc-en|ˌ|æ|m|f|ɪ|s|ˈ|b|aɪ|n|ə}}`{=mediawiki}, or `{{IPAc-en|ˌ|æ|m|f|ɪ|s|ˈ|b|iː|n|ə}}`{=mediawiki}, plural: **amphisbaenae**; *ἀμφίσβαινα*) is a mythological, ant-eating serpent with a head at each end. The name of the creature is... | 651 | Amphisbaena | 0 |
3,044 | # Amphisbaena
## In literature and other media {#in_literature_and_other_media}
In Parmenides\'s poem there seems to be an allusion to the amphisbaena. Mortals are said to \"stray two-headed, for perplexity in their own breasts directs their mind astray\".
In Dante\'s *Inferno*, the amphisbaena is listed as one of t... | 468 | Amphisbaena | 1 |
3,044 | # Amphisbaena
## Use as a Proverb {#use_as_a_proverb}
The amphisbaena appears also in the saying \"to the amphisbaena, Perseus is good\" which can have various meanings depending in the connotation in which it is used. However, one main meaning lies in the connection between Perseus and the creation of the amphisbaen... | 76 | Amphisbaena | 2 |
3,045 | # Amyl alcohol
**Amyl alcohols** are alcohols with the formula C~5~H~11~OH. Eight are known. A mixture of amyl alcohols (also called amyl alcohol) can be obtained from fusel alcohol. Amyl alcohol is used as a solvent and in esterification, by which is produced amyl acetate and other products. The name *amyl alcohol* w... | 254 | Amyl alcohol | 0 |
3,046 | # Amyl nitrite
**Amyl nitrite** is a chemical compound with the formula C~5~H~11~ONO. A variety of isomers are known, but they all feature an amyl group attached to the nitrite functional group. The alkyl group (the amyl in this case) is unreactive and the chemical and biological properties are mainly due to the nitri... | 853 | Amyl nitrite | 0 |
3,046 | # Amyl nitrite
## Toxicity
Although there are case reports of life-threatening toxicity involving unusually large amounts, typical inhaled doses of amyl nitrite are considered relatively safe. However, liquid amyl nitrite is highly toxic when ingested because of the dangerously high concentration it causes in the blo... | 463 | Amyl nitrite | 1 |
3,054 | # Alpha helix
An **alpha helix** (or **α-helix**) is a sequence of amino acids in a protein that are twisted into a coil (a helix).
The alpha helix is the most common structural arrangement in the secondary structure of proteins. It is also the most extreme type of local structure, and it is the local structure that ... | 544 | Alpha helix | 0 |
3,054 | # Alpha helix
## Structure
### Geometry and hydrogen bonding {#geometry_and_hydrogen_bonding}
The amino acids in an α-helix are arranged in a right-handed helical structure where each amino acid residue corresponds to a 100° turn in the helix (i.e., the helix has 3.6 residues per turn), and a translation of 1.5 Å al... | 780 | Alpha helix | 1 |
3,054 | # Alpha helix
## Experimental determination {#experimental_determination}
Since the α-helix is defined by its hydrogen bonds and backbone conformation, the most detailed experimental evidence for α-helical structure comes from atomic-resolution X-ray crystallography such as the example shown at right. It is clear tha... | 268 | Alpha helix | 2 |
3,054 | # Alpha helix
## Amino-acid propensities {#amino_acid_propensities}
Different amino-acid sequences have different propensities for forming α-helical structure. Alanine, uncharged glutamate, leucine, charged arginine, methionine and charged lysine have especially high helix-forming propensities, whereas proline and gl... | 767 | Alpha helix | 3 |
3,054 | # Alpha helix
## Facial arrangements {#facial_arrangements}
The amino acids that make up a particular helix can be plotted on a helical wheel, a representation that illustrates the orientations of the constituent amino acids (see the article for leucine zipper for such a diagram). Often in globular proteins, as well ... | 596 | Alpha helix | 4 |
3,054 | # Alpha helix
## Helix--coil transition {#helixcoil_transition}
Homopolymers of amino acids (such as polylysine) can adopt α-helical structure at low temperature that is \"melted out\" at high temperatures. This **helix--coil transition** was once thought to be analogous to protein denaturation. The statistical mecha... | 425 | Alpha helix | 5 |
3,058 | # Armageddon
`{{Christian Eschatology}}`{=mediawiki}
**Armageddon** (`{{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɑːr|m|ə|ˈ|g|ɛ|d|ən|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-armageddon.wav}}`{=mediawiki} `{{respell|AR|mə|GHED|ən}}`{=mediawiki}; *Ἁρμαγεδών}}*; *Armagedōn*; from *Har Məgīddō*) is the prophesied gathering of armi... | 306 | Armageddon | 0 |
3,058 | # Armageddon
## Christianity
Megiddo is mentioned twelve times in the Old Testament, ten times in reference to the ancient city of Megiddo, and twice with reference to \"the plain of Megiddo\", most probably simply meaning \"the plain next to the city\". None of these Old Testament passages describes the city of Megi... | 515 | Armageddon | 1 |
3,058 | # Armageddon
## Christianity
### Dispensationalism
In his discussion of Armageddon, J. Dwight Pentecost has devoted a chapter to the subject, \"The Campaign of Armageddon\", in which he discusses it as a campaign and not a specific battle, which will be fought in the Middle East. Pentecost writes: `{{blockquote|It ha... | 651 | Armageddon | 2 |
3,058 | # Armageddon
## Christianity
### Jehovah\'s Witnesses {#jehovahs_witnesses}
Jehovah\'s Witnesses believe that Armageddon is the means by which God will fulfill his purpose for the Earth to be populated with happy healthy humans who will be free from sin and death. They teach that the armies of heaven will eradicate a... | 824 | Armageddon | 3 |
3,060 | # Athlon
**AMD Athlon** is the brand name applied to a series of x86-compatible microprocessors designed and manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices. The original Athlon (now called Athlon Classic) was the first seventh-generation x86 processor and the first desktop processor to reach speeds of one gigahertz (GHz). It ... | 734 | Athlon | 0 |
3,060 | # Athlon
## Generations
### Athlon Classic (1999) {#athlon_classic_1999}
The AMD Athlon processor launched on June 23, 1999, with general availability by August 1999. Subsequently, from August 1999 until January 2002, this initial K7 processor was the fastest x86 chip in the world. At launch it was, on average, 10% ... | 982 | Athlon | 1 |
3,060 | # Athlon
## Generations
### Athlon XP (2001--2003) {#athlon_xp_20012003}
Overall, there are four main variants of the Athlon XP desktop CPU: the *Palomino*, the *Thoroughbred*, the *Thorton*, and the *Barton*. A number of mobile processors were also released, including the *Corvette* models, and the *Dublin* model am... | 1,094 | Athlon | 2 |
3,060 | # Athlon
## Generations
### Athlon 64 (2003--2009) {#athlon_64_20032009}
The immediate successor to the Athlon XP, the Athlon 64 is an AMD64-architecture microprocessor produced by AMD, released on September 23, 2003. A number of variations, all named after cities, were released with 90 nm architecture in 2004 a... | 682 | Athlon | 3 |
3,060 | # Athlon
## Supercomputers
A number of supercomputers have been built using Athlon chips, largely at universities. Among them:
- In 2000, several American students claimed to have built the world\'s least expensive supercomputer by clustering 64 AMD Athlon chips together, also marking the first time Athlons had be... | 128 | Athlon | 4 |
3,074 | # Androphagi
The **Androphagi** were an ancient Scythian tribe whose existence was recorded by ancient Greco-Roman authors.
The Androphagi were closely related to the Melanchlaeni and the Budini.
## Name
The name `{{Transliteration|la|Androphagi}}`{=mediawiki} is a Latinisation of the ancient Greek name `{{Translit... | 877 | Androphagi | 0 |
3,074 | # Androphagi
## Society and culture {#society_and_culture}
### Language
The \"peculiar language\" of the Androphagi might have been a dialect of Iranic language different from that of the Pontic Scythians. The Sula group of the Scythian culture which corresponded to the Androphagi was part of an area of Iranic topony... | 220 | Androphagi | 1 |
3,074 | # Androphagi
## Archaeology
The Androphagi archaeologically belonged to the Scythian culture, and they corresponded to its Sula group, which was the largest Scythian culture group of the eastern European forest steppe zone.
The Donets, Sula and Vorskla groups of the Scythian culture, respectively corresponding to th... | 179 | Androphagi | 2 |
3,082 | # Alexandria, Indiana
**Alexandria** is a city in Monroe Township, Madison County, Indiana, United States. It is about 48 mi northeast of Indianapolis. According to the 2020 census, its population was 5,149, nearly unchanged from 2010.
## History
Alexandria was platted in 1836, when it was certain that the Indiana C... | 719 | Alexandria, Indiana | 0 |
3,082 | # Alexandria, Indiana
## Transportation
### Airport
Alexandria Airport is a public use airport located 3 mi southeast of the central business district of Alexandria.
## Education
It is in the Alexandria Community School Corporation.
The town has a lending library, the Alexandria-Monroe Public Library.
## Notable... | 131 | Alexandria, Indiana | 1 |
3,085 | # Alexandria Troas
**Alexandria Troas** (\"Alexandria of the Troad\"; *Αλεξάνδρεια Τρωάς*; *Eski Stambul*, \"Old Istanbul\") is the site of an ancient Greek city situated on the Aegean Sea near the northern tip of Turkey\'s western coast, the area known historically as Troad, a little south of Tenedos (modern Bozcaada... | 749 | Alexandria Troas | 0 |
3,087 | # Alexandria, West Dunbartonshire
**Alexandria** (*The Vale*, *Alexandria*) is a town in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland. The town is on the River Leven, 3 mi north of Dumbarton and 15 mi north-west of Glasgow.
## Demographics
In 2016, the estimated population of the town was 6,860. It is one of five towns in the Vale... | 551 | Alexandria, West Dunbartonshire | 0 |
3,088 | # Alexandria, Romania
**Alexandria** (`{{IPA|ro|alekˈsandri.a|-|Ro-Alexandria.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}) is the capital city of the Teleorman County, Muntenia, Romania. It is located south-west of Bucharest, towards the Bulgarian border, and has over 40,000 inhabitants. The 44th parallel north passes just north of the city.
... | 818 | Alexandria, Romania | 0 |
3,088 | # Alexandria, Romania
## Education
There are four high schools in Alexandria: the Alexandru D. Ghica National College, the Alexandru Ioan Cuza Theoretical High School, the Mircea Scarlat National Pedagogical College and the Constantin Noica Theoretical High School.
In 1897, the Ștefan cel Mare School moved from its ... | 276 | Alexandria, Romania | 1 |
3,089 | # Angela Vincent
**Angela Vincent** (born 1942) is a British neuroscientist who is emeritus professor at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Somerville College, Oxford.
## Career and research {#career_and_research}
Angela Vincent was born in 1942, the third child of Carmen and Joseph Molony (later KCVO). After ... | 619 | Angela Vincent | 0 |
3,095 | # Amiga 500
\| graphics = Denise \| display = 736×567i 4 bpp (PAL)\
736×483i 4 bpp (NTSC)\
368×567i 6 bpp (PAL)\
368×483i 6 bpp (NTSC) \| sound = 4× 8-bit channels PCM at max. `{{nowrap|28 [[kHz]]}}`{=mediawiki} with 6-bit volume in stereo \| predecessor = Amiga 1000 \| successor = `{{ubl|[[Amiga 500 Plus]]|[[Amiga 60... | 485 | Amiga 500 | 0 |
3,095 | # Amiga 500
## Description
Outwardly resembling the Commodore 128 and codenamed \"Rock Lobster\" during development, the Amiga 500\'s base houses a keyboard and a CPU in one shell, unlike the Amiga 1000. The keyboard for Amiga 500s sold in the United States contains 94 keys, including ten function keys, four cursor k... | 1,036 | Amiga 500 | 1 |
3,095 | # Amiga 500
## Technical specifications {#technical_specifications}
- OCS (1.2 and 1.3 models) or ECS (1.3 and 500+ 2.04 models) chipset. ECS revisions of the chipset made PAL/NTSC mode switchable in software.
- Sound: 4 hardware-mixed channels of 8-bit sound at up to `{{nowrap|28 kHz}}`{=mediawiki}. The hard... | 358 | Amiga 500 | 2 |
3,095 | # Amiga 500
## Technical specifications {#technical_specifications}
### Memory
Using various expansion techniques, the A500\'s total RAM can reach up to 138 MB -- 2 MB Chip RAM, 8 MB 16-bit Fast RAM, and 128 MB 32-bit Fast RAM.
#### Chip RAM {#chip_ram}
The stock 512 KB Chip RAM can be complemented by 512 KB using ... | 1,093 | Amiga 500 | 3 |
3,095 | # Amiga 500
## Trap-door expansion 501 {#trap_door_expansion_501}
A popular expansion for the Amiga 500 was the Amiga 501 circuit board that can be installed underneath the computer behind a plastic cover. The expansion contains `{{nowrap|512 KB}}`{=mediawiki} RAM configured by default as \"Slow RAM\" or \"trap-door ... | 362 | Amiga 500 | 4 |
3,095 | # Amiga 500
## Amiga 500 Plus {#amiga_500_plus}
The **Amiga 500 Plus** (often **A500 Plus** or simply **A500+**) is a revised version of the original Amiga 500 computer. The A500+ featured minor changes to the motherboard to make it cheaper to produce than the original A500. It was notable for introducing new version... | 408 | Amiga 500 | 5 |
3,112 | # Arianespace
\(2021\) \| operating_income = \| net_income = \| assets = \| equity = \| owner = \| num_employees = 220 (2023) \| parent = ArianeGroup \| divisions = \| subsid = \| homepage = `{{URL|arianespace.com}}`{=mediawiki} \| footnotes = \| intl = \| location_city = Évry-Courcouronnes n. Paris \| location_countr... | 1,193 | Arianespace | 0 |
3,112 | # Arianespace
## History
During 2002, the ESA announced the Arianespace Soyuz programme in cooperation with Russia; a launch site for Soyuz was constructed as the Guiana Space Centre, while the Soyuz launch vehicle was modified for use at the site. On 4 February 2005, both funding and final approval for the initiativ... | 469 | Arianespace | 1 |
3,112 | # Arianespace
## Competition and pricing {#competition_and_pricing}
By 2004, Arianespace reportedly held more than 50% of the world market for boosting satellites to geostationary transfer orbit (GTO).
During the 2010s, the disruptive force represented by the new sector entrant SpaceX forced Arianespace to cut back ... | 524 | Arianespace | 2 |
3,116 | # Accumulator (computing)
`{{more citations needed|date=February 2024}}`{=mediawiki}
In a computer\'s central processing unit (CPU), the **accumulator** is a register in which intermediate arithmetic logic unit results are stored.
Without a register like an accumulator, it would be necessary to write the result of e... | 742 | Accumulator (computing) | 0 |
3,116 | # Accumulator (computing)
## History of the computer accumulator {#history_of_the_computer_accumulator}
Any system that uses a single \"memory\" to store the result of multiple operations can be considered an accumulator. J. Presper Eckert refers to even the earliest adding machines of Gottfried Leibniz and Blaise Pa... | 304 | Accumulator (computing) | 1 |
3,116 | # Accumulator (computing)
## Notable accumulator-based computers {#notable_accumulator_based_computers}
The 1945 configuration of ENIAC had 20 accumulators, which could operate in parallel. Each one could store an eight decimal digit number and add to it (or subtract from it) a number it received. Most of IBM\'s earl... | 450 | Accumulator (computing) | 2 |
3,120 | # Andersonville, Georgia
**Andersonville** is a city in Sumter County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 237. It is located in the southwest part of the state, approximately 60 mi southwest of Macon on the Central of Georgia railroad. During the American Civil War, it was the ... | 458 | Andersonville, Georgia | 0 |
3,120 | # Andersonville, Georgia
## Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 331 people, 124 households, and 86 families residing in the city. The population density was 254.1 PD/sqmi. There were 142 housing units at an average density of 109.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 65.26% White and 34.74% African... | 274 | Andersonville, Georgia | 1 |
3,122 | # Agra Canal
The **Agra Canal** is an important Indian irrigation work which starts from Okhla in Delhi. The Agra canal originates at the Okhla barrage, downstream of Nizamuddin bridge.
The canal receives its water from the Yamuna River at Okhla, about 10 km to the south of New Delhi. The weir across the Yamuna was c... | 229 | Agra Canal | 0 |
3,124 | # Afterglow
An **afterglow** in meteorology consists of several atmospheric optical phenomena, with a general definition as a broad arch of whitish or pinkish sunlight in the twilight sky, consisting of the **bright segment** and the **purple light**. Purple light mainly occurs when the Sun is 2--6° below the horizon,... | 478 | Afterglow | 0 |
3,130 | # Advanced Power Management
**Advanced power management** (**APM**) is a technical standard for power management developed by Intel and Microsoft and released in 1992 which enables an operating system running an IBM-compatible personal computer to work with the BIOS (part of the computer\'s firmware) to achieve power ... | 395 | Advanced Power Management | 0 |
3,130 | # Advanced Power Management
## APM functions {#apm_functions}
There are 21 APM function calls defined that the APM driver can use to query power management statuses, or request power state transitions. Example function calls include letting the BIOS know about current CPU usage (the BIOS may respond to such a call by... | 830 | Advanced Power Management | 1 |
3,132 | # Adolphe Sax
**Antoine-Joseph** \"**Adolphe**\" **Sax** (`{{IPA|fr|ɑ̃twan ʒozɛf adɔlf saks|lang}}`{=mediawiki}; 6 November 1814 -- 7 February 1894) was a Belgian inventor and musician who invented the saxophone in the early 1840s, patenting it in 1846. He also invented the saxotromba, saxhorn and saxtuba, and redesig... | 297 | Adolphe Sax | 0 |
3,132 | # Adolphe Sax
## Career and later life {#career_and_later_life}
After leaving the Royal Conservatory of Brussels, Sax began to experiment with new instrument designs, while his parents continued their business of making conventional instruments. Sax\'s first important invention was an improvement in bass clarinet des... | 643 | Adolphe Sax | 1 |
3,134 | # Aspirated consonant
In phonetics, **aspiration** is a strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other langu... | 302 | Aspirated consonant | 0 |
3,134 | # Aspirated consonant
## Phonetics
Voiceless consonants are produced with the vocal folds open (spread) and not vibrating, and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed and vibrating (modal voice). Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal folds remain open after a consonant is rele... | 591 | Aspirated consonant | 1 |
3,134 | # Aspirated consonant
## Phonology
Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster.
### Allophonic
In some languages, stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, whi... | 293 | Aspirated consonant | 2 |
3,134 | # Aspirated consonant
## Examples
### Chinese
Standard Chinese (Mandarin) has stops and affricates distinguished by aspiration: for instance, `{{IPA|/t tʰ/}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{IPA|/t͡s t͡sʰ/}}`{=mediawiki}. In pinyin, tenuis stops are written with letters that represent voiced consonants in English, and aspirated sto... | 615 | Aspirated consonant | 3 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.