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5,429 | # Geography of Cambodia
## Political and human geography {#political_and_human_geography}
### Regional divisions {#regional_divisions}
## Area and boundaries {#area_and_boundaries}
Area:
:\*total: 181035 km2
:\*\*country rank in the world: *88th*
:\*land: 176515 km2
:\*water: 4520 km2
Area comparative:
:\*Aust... | 142 | Geography of Cambodia | 9 |
5,429 | # Geography of Cambodia
## Environmental issues {#environmental_issues}
### Natural hazards {#natural_hazards}
- Monsoonal rains (June to November)
- Mekong flooding
- Occasional droughts
### Human impact {#human_impact}
**Issues**
- Illegal logging activities throughout the country
- rubber tree mono-c... | 341 | Geography of Cambodia | 10 |
5,433 | # Telecommunications in Cambodia
**Telecommunications in Cambodia** include telephone, radio, television, and Internet services, which are regulated by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. Transport and posts were restored throughout most of the country in the early 1980s during the People\'s Republic of Kamp... | 431 | Telecommunications in Cambodia | 0 |
5,433 | # Telecommunications in Cambodia
## Radio and television {#radio_and_television}
As of 2019, Cambodian broadcasters were a mixture of state-owned, joint public-private, and privately owned companies.
### Radio stations {#radio_stations}
As of 2019, there were roughly 84 radio broadcast stations: 1 state-owned broad... | 525 | Telecommunications in Cambodia | 1 |
5,433 | # Telecommunications in Cambodia
## Internet
the number of internet users in Cambodia rose to 15.8 million, about 98.5% of the population. According to the Telecommunications Regulator of Cambodia (TRC), the number of registered SIM cards rose by 9.4 percent during the first half of the year, reaching 20.8 million. T... | 875 | Telecommunications in Cambodia | 2 |
5,448 | # History of Cameroon
At the crossroads of West Africa and Central Africa, the territory of what is now **Cameroon** has seen human habitation since some time in the Middle Paleolithic, likely no later than 130,000 years ago. The earliest discovered archaeological evidence of humans dates from around 30,000 years ago ... | 458 | History of Cameroon | 0 |
5,448 | # History of Cameroon
## Pre-colonial history {#pre_colonial_history}
### Prehistory
Archaeological research has been relatively scarce in Cameroon due to a lack of resources and transportation infrastructure. Historically the warm, wet climate in many parts of the country was thought of as inhospitable to the prese... | 884 | History of Cameroon | 1 |
5,448 | # History of Cameroon
## Colonial period {#colonial_period}
### Scramble for Africa and German Kamerun (1884--1918) {#scramble_for_africa_and_german_kamerun_18841918}
The Scramble for Africa beginning in the late 1870s, saw European powers, primarily seeking to establish formal control over the parts of Africa not y... | 549 | History of Cameroon | 2 |
5,448 | # History of Cameroon
## Colonial period {#colonial_period}
### French Cameroon (1918--1960) {#french_cameroon_19181960}
#### League of Nations Mandate, Free France, and UN Trust Territory {#league_of_nations_mandate_free_france_and_un_trust_territory}
The French administration declined to return much of the propert... | 1,132 | History of Cameroon | 3 |
5,448 | # History of Cameroon
## Independence and the Ahidjo era (1960--1982) {#independence_and_the_ahidjo_era_19601982}
French Cameroon achieved independence on January 1, 1960. After Guinea, it was the second of France\'s colonies in Sub-Saharan Africa to become independent. On 21 February 1960, the new nation held a cons... | 719 | History of Cameroon | 4 |
5,448 | # History of Cameroon
## Biya Era (1982--present) {#biya_era_1982present}
On 30 June 1975, Paul Biya, a long-serving bureaucrat and administrator in the Ahidjo government, was appointed Prime Minister. On November 4, 1982, Ahidjo resigned as president and Biya was his legal successor. Many observers were surprised, a... | 1,032 | History of Cameroon | 5 |
5,448 | # History of Cameroon
## Contemporary issues {#contemporary_issues}
### Boko Haram {#boko_haram}
thumb\|right\|Map of Boko Haram impacted areas including northern Cameroon In 2014, the Boko Haram insurgency spread into Cameroon from Nigeria. In May 2014, in the wake of the Chibok schoolgirl kidnapping, Presidents Pa... | 211 | History of Cameroon | 6 |
5,449 | # Geography of Cameroon
At 475440 km2, Cameroon is the world\'s 53rd largest country. It is slightly larger than the nation of Sweden and the US state of California. It is comparable in size to Papua New Guinea. Cameroon\'s landmass is 472710 km2, with 2730 km2 of water.
The country is located in Central and West Afr... | 682 | Geography of Cameroon | 0 |
5,449 | # Geography of Cameroon
## Rivers
The country has four patterns of drainage. In the south, the principal rivers flow southwestward or westward directly to the Gulf of Guinea -- the Wouri, and lesser Dibamba, Bimbia and Mungo to the Cameroon estuary near Douala; Sanaga, Nyong, and Ntem further south along the coast; A... | 585 | Geography of Cameroon | 1 |
5,450 | # Demographics of Cameroon
The **demographic profile of Cameroon** is complex for a country of its population. Cameroon comprises an estimated 250 distinct ethnic groups, which may be formed into five large regional-cultural divisions:
- **western highlanders** (**Semi-Bantu** or **grassfielders**), including the B... | 1,036 | Demographics of Cameroon | 0 |
5,450 | # Demographics of Cameroon
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
Registration of vital events is in Cameroon not complete. The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.
Year ... | 1,279 | Demographics of Cameroon | 1 |
5,450 | # Demographics of Cameroon
## Ethnic groups {#ethnic_groups}
- Cameroon Highlanders 31%
- Equatorial Bantu 19%
- Kirdi 11%
- Fulani 10%
- Baggara Arabs (also called Arab Shuwa)
- Hausa
- Mafa
- Kanuri
- Northwestern Bantu 8%
- Eastern Nigritic 7%
- Other African 13%
- Non-African less than 1%
... | 231 | Demographics of Cameroon | 2 |
5,451 | # Politics of Cameroon
The **politics of Cameroon** takes place in the context of an electoral autocracy where multi-party elections have been held since 1992, the ruling party wins every election, and Paul Biya has been president since 1982. Since Cameroon\'s independence in 1960, it has been a single-party state and... | 816 | Politics of Cameroon | 0 |
5,451 | # Politics of Cameroon
## Political parties and elections {#political_parties_and_elections}
## Judicial branch {#judicial_branch}
The judiciary is subordinate to the executive branch\'s Ministry of Justice. The Supreme Court may review the constitutionality of a law only at the president\'s request.
## The role of... | 89 | Politics of Cameroon | 1 |
5,453 | # Telecommunications in Cameroon
**Telecommunications in Cameroon** include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.
## History
During German rule, It was set up in the protectorate of Kamerun the first telegraph line, the first telephone line, and the first wireless telegraph. However, the ... | 564 | Telecommunications in Cameroon | 0 |
5,453 | # Telecommunications in Cameroon
## Internet
- Top-level domain: .cm
- Internet users:
- 1.1 million users, 113th in the world; 5.7% of the population, 184th in the world (2012).
- 985,565 users (2011);
- 749,600 users, 106th in the world (2009).
- Fixed broadband: 1,006 subscriptions, 180th i... | 434 | Telecommunications in Cameroon | 1 |
5,454 | # Transport in Cameroon
This article provides a breakdown of the transportation options available in Cameroon. These options are available to citizens and tourists such as railways, roadways, waterways, pipelines, and airlines. These avenues of transport are used by citizens for personal transportation, of goods, and ... | 584 | Transport in Cameroon | 0 |
5,455 | # Cameroon Armed Forces
The **Cameroon Armed Forces** (*Forces armées camerounaises (FAC)*) are the military of the Republic of Cameroon. The armed forces number 40,000 personnel in ground, air, and naval forces. There are approximately 40,000 troops in the army across three military regions. Approximately 1,300 troop... | 823 | Cameroon Armed Forces | 0 |
5,455 | # Cameroon Armed Forces
## Cameroon Navy {#cameroon_navy}
There are about 1,300 troops in the navy including naval infantry.
### History
Around May 1999, Philip Njaru wrote a newspaper article where he alleged ill-treatment of civilians conducted by the 21st Navy Battalion based in Ekondo-Titi. In late May Njaru wa... | 655 | Cameroon Armed Forces | 1 |
5,461 | # Demographics of Cape Verde
Demographic features of the population of Cape Verde include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Cape Verde has about 540,000 inhabitants. A large proportion (236,000) of Cape ... | 362 | Demographics of Cape Verde | 0 |
5,461 | # Demographics of Cape Verde
## Population
`{{Historical populations
|title=Census population
|percentages=pagr
|1940|181,740
|1950|149,984
|1960|199,902
|1970|270,999
|1980|295,703
|1990|341,491
|2000|431,989
|2010|491,875
|2021|491,233
|source = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://ine.cv/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/evolucao... | 785 | Demographics of Cape Verde | 1 |
5,461 | # Demographics of Cape Verde
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
Vital events of Cape Verde are not (yet) available for recent years. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.
Period ... | 901 | Demographics of Cape Verde | 2 |
5,461 | # Demographics of Cape Verde
## Ethnic groups {#ethnic_groups}
### Genetics
E1b1a, R1b
: The predominance of West African mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in their maternal gene pool, the major West African Y-chromosome lineage E3a was observed only at a frequency of 15.9%. Overall, these results indicate that gene f... | 261 | Demographics of Cape Verde | 3 |
5,465 | # Transport in Cape Verde
Most transportation in Cape Verde is done by air. There are regular flights between the major islands (Santiago, Sal and São Vicente), with less frequent flights to the other islands. Boat transportation is available, though not widely used nor dependable. In the major cities, public bus tran... | 860 | Transport in Cape Verde | 0 |
5,465 | # Transport in Cape Verde
## Air Services {#air_services}
TACV Cabo Verde Airlines, the national airline, flies weekly from Boston Logan International Airport to Praia International Airport at Praia Santiago island. Currently (2007) these flights are on Wednesdays, but schedules vary and are subject to change. It als... | 595 | Transport in Cape Verde | 1 |
5,465 | # Transport in Cape Verde
## Travel within the islands {#travel_within_the_islands}
The frequency and regularity of publicly-accessible ground transportation services vary between the islands and municipalities. There are some common features that can be found throughout Cape Verde. The primary mode of transportation... | 1,212 | Transport in Cape Verde | 2 |
5,465 | # Transport in Cape Verde
## Inter-Island ferries in Cape Verde {#inter_island_ferries_in_cape_verde}
Several ferries operate between the islands with much lower fares than the airlines. These are provided by various independent shipping companies and their conditions and seaworthiness vary. Many services depart from... | 174 | Transport in Cape Verde | 3 |
5,469 | # History of the Cayman Islands
The Cayman Islands are a British overseas territory located in the Caribbean that have been under various governments since their discovery by Europeans. Christopher Columbus sighted the Cayman Islands on May 10, 1503, and named them *Las Tortugas* after the numerous sea turtles seen sw... | 635 | History of the Cayman Islands | 0 |
5,469 | # History of the Cayman Islands
## British control {#british_control}
England took formal control of Cayman, along with Jamaica, under the Treaty of Madrid in 1670 after the first settlers came from Jamaica in 1661--71 to Little Cayman and Cayman Brac. These first settlements were abandoned after attacks by Spanish p... | 552 | History of the Cayman Islands | 1 |
5,469 | # History of the Cayman Islands
## Slavery
Grand Cayman was the only island of the three that had institutionalized slavery. Although slavery was instituted, Grand Cayman did not have violent slave revolts. While scholars tend to agree that to an extent a slave society existed on at least Grand Cayman, there are deba... | 523 | History of the Cayman Islands | 2 |
5,469 | # History of the Cayman Islands
## Governmental changes {#governmental_changes}
Following a two-year campaign by women to change their circumstances, in 1959 Cayman received its first written constitution which, for the first time, allowed women to vote. Cayman ceased to be a dependency of Jamaica.
During 1966, legi... | 422 | History of the Cayman Islands | 3 |
5,469 | # History of the Cayman Islands
## Hurricane Ivan {#hurricane_ivan}
`{{See also|:Category:Natural disasters in the Cayman Islands|l1=Natural disasters in the Cayman Islands}}`{=mediawiki}
In September 2004, The Cayman Islands were hit by Hurricane Ivan, causing mass devastation, loss of animal life (both wild and do... | 714 | History of the Cayman Islands | 4 |
5,470 | # Geography of the Cayman Islands
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unexpected '|'
|-style="background: #DDD;" | class="sortbottom"
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`` | 23 | Geography of the Cayman Islands | 0 |
5,471 | # Demographics of the Cayman Islands
This is a demography of the population of the Cayman Islands including population density, ethnicity, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
## Population
With its success in the tourism and financial service industries, the Cayman Islands have attracted many... | 413 | Demographics of the Cayman Islands | 0 |
5,471 | # Demographics of the Cayman Islands
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
Average population (x 1000) Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000) Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births)
------ --------------------... | 809 | Demographics of the Cayman Islands | 1 |
5,471 | # Demographics of the Cayman Islands
## Language
The official language of the Cayman Islands is English. The Caymanian accent retains elements passed down from English, Scottish, and Welsh settlers (among others) in a language variety known as Cayman Creole. Young Caymanians often borrow terms from Jamaican patois du... | 419 | Demographics of the Cayman Islands | 2 |
5,472 | # Politics of the Cayman Islands
The **politics of the Cayman Islands** takes place within a framework of parliamentary democracy, within the confines of the Government of the Cayman Islands.
## Constitutional Modernisation {#constitutional_modernisation}
Constitutional Modernisation has come to the forefront of pol... | 228 | Politics of the Cayman Islands | 0 |
5,473 | # Economy of the Cayman Islands
The **economy of the Cayman Islands**, a British overseas territory located in the western Caribbean Sea, is mainly fueled by the tourism sector and by the financial services sector, together representing 50--60 percent of the country\'s gross domestic product (GDP). The Cayman Islands ... | 462 | Economy of the Cayman Islands | 0 |
5,473 | # Economy of the Cayman Islands
## International finance {#international_finance}
The Cayman Islands\' tax-free status has attracted numerous banks and other companies to its shores. More than 92,000 companies were registered in the Cayman Islands as of 2014, including almost 600 banks and trust companies, with banki... | 1,154 | Economy of the Cayman Islands | 1 |
5,473 | # Economy of the Cayman Islands
## International finance {#international_finance}
### Financial services industry {#financial_services_industry}
#### Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Act {#sanctions_and_anti_money_laundering_act}
Under the UK Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2018, beneficial ownership of... | 178 | Economy of the Cayman Islands | 2 |
5,473 | # Economy of the Cayman Islands
## Diversification
The Cayman Islands is seeking to diversify beyond its two traditional industries, and invest in health care and technology. Health City Cayman Islands, opened in 2014, is a medical tourism hospital in East End, led by surgeon Devi Shetty. Cayman Enterprise City is a ... | 262 | Economy of the Cayman Islands | 3 |
5,474 | # Telecommunications in the Cayman Islands
**Communications in the Cayman Islands**
## Telephone
**Telephones -- main lines in use:** 37,400 (2009)
**Telephones -- mobile cellular:** 99,900 (2004)
**Telephone system:**
: *Domestic:* Reasonably good overall telephone system with a high fixed-line teledensity. Li... | 201 | Telecommunications in the Cayman Islands | 0 |
5,477 | # Foreign relations of the Cayman Islands
The **foreign relations of the Cayman Islands** are largely managed from the United Kingdom, as the islands remains one of 14 overseas territories under British jurisdiction and sovereignty. However, the Government of the Cayman Islands have autonomy and often resolves importa... | 260 | Foreign relations of the Cayman Islands | 0 |
5,480 | # Geography of the Central African Republic
The Central African Republic is a landlocked nation within the interior of the African continent. It is bordered by Cameroon, Chad, Sudan, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo. Much of the country consists of flat, or rolling platea... | 438 | Geography of the Central African Republic | 0 |
5,481 | # Demographics of the Central African Republic
Demographic features of the population of the Central African Republic include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
There are more than 80 ethnic groups in the... | 338 | Demographics of the Central African Republic | 0 |
5,481 | # Demographics of the Central African Republic
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
Registration of vital events is not complete in the Central African Republic. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.
<table>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th></th>
<th><p>Population<br />
... | 1,514 | Demographics of the Central African Republic | 1 |
5,481 | # Demographics of the Central African Republic
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
| y1= 1.44,1.46,1.48,1.5,1.52,1.55,1.57,1.6,1.62,1.65,1.68,1.71,1.74,1.78,1.81,1.85,1.89,1.93,1.98,2.02,2.07,2.11,2.15,2.2,2.24,2.28,2.32,2.34,2.37,2.39,2.42,2.44,2.47,2.5,2.52,2.55,2.58,2.62,2.66,2.72,2.81,2.9,2.99,3.09,3.19,3.28,... | 261 | Demographics of the Central African Republic | 2 |
5,481 | # Demographics of the Central African Republic
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
### Life expectancy {#life_expectancy}
+------------+---------------------+
| Period | Life expectancy in\ |
| | Years |
+============+=====================+
| 1950--1955 | 33.44 |
+------... | 192 | Demographics of the Central African Republic | 3 |
5,481 | # Demographics of the Central African Republic
## Languages
: Sango (lingua franca and official language), French (official), tribal languages
## Religion
: Christian 89%, Muslim 9%, folk religionist 1%, unaffiliated 1% (2020 est | 34 | Demographics of the Central African Republic | 4 |
5,482 | # Politics of the Central African Republic
The **politics of the Central African Republic** formally take place in a framework of a semi-presidential republic. In this system, the President is the head of state, with a Prime Minister as head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative po... | 495 | Politics of the Central African Republic | 0 |
5,484 | # Telecommunications in the Central African Republic
**Telecommunications in the Central African Republic** includes radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet as well as the postal system.
Persistent conflict has hampered telecommunication and media development in the Central African Republic. ... | 760 | Telecommunications in the Central African Republic | 0 |
5,485 | # Transport in the Central African Republic
Modes of transport in the Central African Republic include road, water, and air. Most of the country is connected to the road network, but not all of it. Some roads in the country do not connect to the rest of the national road network and may become impassable, especially d... | 485 | Transport in the Central African Republic | 0 |
5,486 | # Central African Armed Forces
The **Central African Armed Forces** (*Forces armées centrafricaines*; FACA) are the armed forces of the Central African Republic and have been barely functional since the outbreak of the civil war in 2012. Today they are among the world\'s weakest armed forces, dependent on internationa... | 462 | Central African Armed Forces | 0 |
5,486 | # Central African Armed Forces
## History
### Army mutinies of 1996--1997 {#army_mutinies_of_19961997}
Soon after the election 1993, Patassé became unpopular within the army, not least because of his inability to pay their wages (partly due to economic mismanagement and partly because France suddenly ended its econom... | 595 | Central African Armed Forces | 1 |
5,486 | # Central African Armed Forces
## Present situation {#present_situation}
The FACA has been dominated by soldiers from the Yakoma ethnic group since the time of Kolingba. It has hence been considered disloyal by the two northerner presidents Patassé and Bozizé, both of whom have equipped and run their own militias out... | 442 | Central African Armed Forces | 2 |
5,486 | # Central African Armed Forces
## Army equipment {#army_equipment}
Most of the army\'s heavy weapons and equipment were destroyed or captured by Séléka militants during the 2012--2014 civil war. In the immediate aftermath of the war, the army was only in possession of 70 rifles. The majority of its arsenals were plun... | 785 | Central African Armed Forces | 3 |
5,486 | # Central African Armed Forces
## Army equipment {#army_equipment}
### Mortars
+---------+-------------+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------------+
| Name | Image | Type | Origin | Quantity | Status | Notes |
+=========+=============+=========+========+==========+========+===========... | 251 | Central African Armed Forces | 4 |
5,486 | # Central African Armed Forces
## Foreign military presence in support of the Government {#foreign_military_presence_in_support_of_the_government}
### Peacekeeping and peace enforcing forces {#peacekeeping_and_peace_enforcing_forces}
Since the mutinies, a number of peacekeeping and peace enforcing international miss... | 523 | Central African Armed Forces | 5 |
5,486 | # Central African Armed Forces
## Foreign military presence in support of the Government {#foreign_military_presence_in_support_of_the_government}
### France
There has been an almost uninterrupted French military presence in Central African Republic since independence, regulated through agreements between the two Gov... | 386 | Central African Armed Forces | 6 |
5,486 | # Central African Armed Forces
## Components and units {#components_and_units}
### Air Force {#air_force}
The Air Force is almost inoperable. Lack of funding has almost grounded the air force apart from an AS 350 Ecureuil delivered in 1987. Mirage F1 planes from the French Air Force regularly patrolled troubled regi... | 473 | Central African Armed Forces | 7 |
5,486 | # Central African Armed Forces
## Components and units {#components_and_units}
### Discontinued groups and units that are no longer part of FACA {#discontinued_groups_and_units_that_are_no_longer_part_of_faca}
- **Séléka rebels**: the French document *Spécial investigation: Centrafrique, au cœur du chaos* envisions... | 442 | Central African Armed Forces | 8 |
5,493 | # Politics of Chile
Chile\'s government is a representative democratic republic, in which the President of Chile serves as both head of state and head of government, within a formal multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the president and their cabinet. Legislative power is vested in both the government a... | 794 | Politics of Chile | 0 |
5,493 | # Politics of Chile
## Legislative branch {#legislative_branch}
The bicameral National Congress *(Congreso Nacional)* consists of the Senate *(Senado)* and the Chamber of Deputies (*Cámara de Diputados*). The Senate is made up of 50 members elected from regions or subregions. Senators serve approximately eight-year t... | 639 | Politics of Chile | 1 |
5,493 | # Politics of Chile
## Legal system {#legal_system}
thumb\|The Palacio de los Tribunales de Justicia de Santiago. Chile\'s legal system is civil law based. It is primarily based on the Civil code of 1855, derived from Spanish law and subsequent codes influenced by European law of the last half of the 19th Century. It... | 436 | Politics of Chile | 2 |
5,493 | # Politics of Chile
## Central-local government relations {#central_local_government_relations}
Chile has an enduring unitary and centralised state power structure. The national government has substantial political, administrative and particularly fiscal control (see Table 1 below). For example, despite the establish... | 1,151 | Politics of Chile | 3 |
5,495 | # Telecommunications in Chile
The technical regulator of **communications in Chile** is the Ministry of Transportation and Telecommunications, through the Undersecretariat of Telecommunications (Subtel).
## Telephone
### History
Telephone and telegraph services started in Chile in 1879, three years after Alexander ... | 299 | Telecommunications in Chile | 0 |
5,523 | # Demographics of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Demographic features of the population of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
## CIA World Factbook demographic statistics ... | 57 | Demographics of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands | 0 |
5,541 | # Coral Sea Islands
The **Coral Sea Islands Territory** is an external territory of Australia which comprises a group of small and mostly uninhabited tropical islands and reefs in the Coral Sea, north-east of Queensland, Australia. The only inhabited island is Willis Island. The territory covers 780000 km², most of wh... | 460 | Coral Sea Islands | 0 |
5,541 | # Coral Sea Islands
## Geography
There are about 30 separate reefs and atolls, twelve being wholly submerged or drying only during low tide, and 18 others with a total of about 51 islets and cays (18 alone on the atoll Lihou Reef), some of which are vegetated. The atolls exhibit a wide range of size, from a few kilom... | 1,150 | Coral Sea Islands | 1 |
5,541 | # Coral Sea Islands
## Geography
### Southeasterly Group {#southeasterly_group}
1. Frederick Reefs: The reefs form a semi-enclosed lagoon, known as Anchorage Sound, with an opening on the North side. The complex measures about 10 by 4 km, with an area of 30 km^2^. On the southern side of the reef lies Observatory Ca... | 734 | Coral Sea Islands | 2 |
5,553 | # Geography of Costa Rica
**Costa Rica** is located on the Central American Isthmus, surrounding the point 10° north of the equator and 84° west of the prime meridian. It has 212 km of Caribbean Sea coastline and 1,016 on the North Pacific Ocean.
The area is 51,100 km^2^ of which 40 km^2^ is water. It is slightly sma... | 455 | Geography of Costa Rica | 0 |
5,553 | # Geography of Costa Rica
## Climate
The climate is tropical. Hot season (December to April); rainy season (May to November); cooler in highlands.
Because Costa Rica is located between 8 and 12 degrees north of the Equator, the climate is tropical year round. However, the country has many microclimates depending on ... | 708 | Geography of Costa Rica | 1 |
5,553 | # Geography of Costa Rica
## Flora and fauna {#flora_and_fauna}
Costa Rica is a biodiversity hotspot. While the country has only about 0.03% of the world\'s landmass, it contains 5% of the world\'s biodiversity. It is home to about 12,119 species of plants, of which 950 are endemic. There are 117 native trees and mor... | 500 | Geography of Costa Rica | 2 |
5,553 | # Geography of Costa Rica
## Gallery
<File:Costa> Rica map shaded relief.png\|Shaded relief map of Costa Rica <File:Costa> Rica map detail.PNG\|Map of Costa Rica <File:Costa> Rica Topography | 27 | Geography of Costa Rica | 3 |
5,555 | # Politics of Costa Rica
The **politics of Costa Rica** take place in a framework of a presidential, representative democratic republic, with a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the president and their cabinet, and the President of Costa Rica is both the head of state and head of government. Legislat... | 1,253 | Politics of Costa Rica | 0 |
5,555 | # Politics of Costa Rica
## Branches of government {#branches_of_government}
### Executive branch {#executive_branch}
Executive responsibilities are vested in a president, who is elected to a term of four years directly by the voters, not by the National Assembly as it would be in a parliamentary system. There also ... | 606 | Politics of Costa Rica | 1 |
5,555 | # Politics of Costa Rica
## Elections
On the national level, the president, two vice-presidents and a legislature are elected for a four-year term. The Legislative Assembly has 57 members, elected by proportional representation in each of the country\'s seven provinces.
The electoral process is supervised by an inde... | 361 | Politics of Costa Rica | 2 |
5,555 | # Politics of Costa Rica
## Strength of institutions {#strength_of_institutions}
Institutional strength is a critical factor in politics since it defines the ability of political institutions to enforce rules, settle conflicts, and sustain stability in society. Weak institutions can lead to instability, violence, and... | 391 | Politics of Costa Rica | 3 |
5,558 | # Transport in Costa Rica
There are many modes of **transport in Costa Rica** but the country\'s infrastructure has suffered from a lack of maintenance and new investment. There is an extensive road system of more than 30,000 kilometers, although much of it is in disrepair; this also applies to ports, railways and wat... | 480 | Transport in Costa Rica | 0 |
5,565 | # Geography of Ivory Coast
`{{MapLibrary|Côte d'Ivoire sat.png|Côte d'Ivoire}}`{=mediawiki}
**Ivory Coast** (Côte d\'Ivoire) is a sub-Saharan nation in southern West Africa located at 8° N, 5° W. The country is approximately square in shape.
## Area and borders {#area_and_borders}
Area
- Total: 322463 km2
- ... | 741 | Geography of Ivory Coast | 0 |
5,565 | # Geography of Ivory Coast
## Natural hazards {#natural_hazards}
Natural hazards include the heavy surf and the lack of natural harbors on the coast; during the rainy season torrential flooding is a danger.
## Extreme points {#extreme_points}
Extreme points are the geographic points that are farther north, south, e... | 58 | Geography of Ivory Coast | 1 |
5,567 | # Politics of Ivory Coast
The **politics of Ivory Coast** takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Ivory Coast is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the President and the Government. Le... | 361 | Politics of Ivory Coast | 0 |
5,567 | # Politics of Ivory Coast
## Executive branch {#executive_branch}
\|President \|Alassane Ouattara \|Rally of the Republicans \|4 December 2011 \|- \|Vice-President \|Tiémoko Meyliet Koné \|Independent \|19 April 2022 \|- \|Prime Minister \|position vacant \|}
Ivory Coast\'s 1959 constitution provides for strong pres... | 567 | Politics of Ivory Coast | 1 |
5,567 | # Politics of Ivory Coast
## Administrative divisions {#administrative_divisions}
For administrative purposes, Ivory Coast is divided into 58 departments, each headed by a prefect appointed by the central government. There are 196 communes, each headed by an elected mayor, plus the city of Abidjan with ten mayors.
T... | 63 | Politics of Ivory Coast | 2 |
5,570 | # Transport in Ivory Coast
**Ivory Coast** invested remarkably in its **transport system.** Transport Infrastructures are much more developed than they are other West African countries despite a crisis that restrained their maintenance and development. Since its independence in 1960, Ivory Coast put an emphasis on inc... | 774 | Transport in Ivory Coast | 0 |
5,570 | # Transport in Ivory Coast
## Air transport {#air_transport}
Ivory Coast has three international airports located in Abidjan, Yamoussoukro, and Bouaké. Fourteen smaller cities also possess regional airports, the most important of which are Daloa, Korhogo, Man, Odiénné and San-pédro. Twenty-seven aerodromes exists and... | 197 | Transport in Ivory Coast | 1 |
5,571 | # Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast
The **Armed Forces of Côte d\'Ivoire** (*Forces Armées de Cote d\'Ivoire*; \"FACI\") are the armed forces of Ivory Coast, first formed after the country\'s independence in 1960.
## History
The Ivorian military has its roots in the colonial armed forces of French West Afr... | 847 | Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast | 0 |
5,571 | # Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast
## Army
### Organization
The Ivorian army had three infantry battalions, an armoured battalion, an artillery battery, and seven specialist companies in 1993. The effective strength of the army was about 3,000 troops for the first ten years of Ivorian independence, increa... | 439 | Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast | 1 |
5,571 | # Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast
## Air Force {#air_force}
After achieving independence from France in 1960, Ivory Coast maintained strong links with France through bilateral defence agreements. French training and operating techniques have been used since the establishment of the air force. The first ai... | 832 | Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast | 2 |
5,571 | # Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast
## National Gendarmerie {#national_gendarmerie}
Since independence, the Ivory Coast has maintained a paramilitary gendarmerie force with a mandate to assist the police with law enforcement duties in the country\'s rural districts. However, it may also be deployed alongsid... | 137 | Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast | 3 |
5,590 | # Transport in Cuba
**Transportation in Cuba** is the system of railways, roads, airports, waterways, ports and harbours in Cuba:
## Railways
- *Total:* 8,285 km
- *Standard gauge:* 8,125 km `{{RailGauge|sg}}`{=mediawiki} gauge (105 km electrified)
- *Narrow gauge:* 160 km of `{{TrackGauge|2ft3.5in}}`{=mediawi... | 725 | Transport in Cuba | 0 |
5,590 | # Transport in Cuba
## Automobiles
Since 2009, Cuba has imported sedans from Chinese automaker Geely to serve as police cars, taxis and rental vehicles. Previously, the Soviet Union supplied Volgas, Moskvichs, and Ladas, as well as heavy trucks like the ZIL and the KrAZ; and Cuba also bought cars from European and As... | 753 | Transport in Cuba | 1 |
5,600 | # Transport in Cyprus
**Transport in Cyprus** consists of transport by land, water and air. Road transport is the primary mode of transport for most Cypriot citizens, and Cyprus\'s road transport systems are well-developed and extensively used across the island.
Because Cyprus no longer has a working railway system, ... | 787 | Transport in Cyprus | 0 |
5,600 | # Transport in Cyprus
## Sea Harbours and Ports {#sea_harbours_and_ports}
The ports of Cyprus are operated and maintained by the Cyprus Ports Authority. Major harbours of the island are Limassol Harbour, and Larnaca Harbour, which service cargo, passenger, and cruise ships. Limassol is the larger of the two, and hand... | 405 | Transport in Cyprus | 1 |
5,636 | # Chemist
`{{TopicTOC-Chemistry}}`{=mediawiki} A **chemist** (from Greek *chēm(ía)* alchemy; replacing *chymist* from Medieval Latin *alchemist*) is a graduated scientist trained in the study of chemistry, or an officially enrolled student in the field. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties. Chem... | 391 | Chemist | 0 |
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