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Self-managementis the process by whichcomputersystems manage their own operation without human intervention. Self-management technologies are expected to pervade the next generation ofnetwork managementsystems.[citation needed]
The growingcomplexityof modernnetworked computer systemsis a limiting factor in their expan... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-management_(computer_science) |
Acrash-only softwareis acomputer programthat handle failures by simply restarting, without attempting any sophisticated recovery.[1]Correctly written components of crash-only software canmicrorebootto a known-good state without the help of a user. Since failure-handling and normal startup use the same methods, this ca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crash-only_software |
Digital Live Art[1]is the intersection ofLive Art (art form),ComputingandHuman Computer Interaction(HCI). It is used to describe live performance which is computer mediated - an orchestrated, temporal witnessed event occurring for any length of time and in any place using technological means. Digital Live Art borrows ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Live_Art |
Incomputing,text-based user interfaces(TUI) (alternatelyterminal user interfaces, to reflect a dependence upon the properties ofcomputer terminalsand not just text), is aretronymdescribing a type ofuser interface(UI) common as an early form ofhuman–computer interaction, before the advent of bitmapped displays and moder... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text-based_user_interface |
TheHCI Bibliographyis a web-based project to provide abibliographyofHuman Computer Interaction(HCI) literature. The goal of the Project isto put an electronic bibliography for most of HCI on the screens of all researchers, developers, educators and students in the field through the World-Wide Web and anonymous ftp acce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HCI_Bibliography |
Information architecture(IA) is the structural design of sharedinformationenvironments; theartandscienceof organizing and labellingwebsites,intranets,online communitiesandsoftwareto support usability and findability; and an emergingcommunity of practicefocused on bringing principles ofdesign,architectureandinformation ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_architecture |
Information designis the practice of presenting information in a way that fosters an efficient and effective understanding of the information. The term has come to be used for a specific area ofgraphic designrelated to displaying information effectively, rather than just attractively or for artistic expression. Informa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_design |
Mindfulness and technologyis a movement in research and design, that encourages the user to become aware of the present moment, rather than losing oneself in a technological device. This field encompasses multidisciplinary participation between design, psychology, computer science, and religion.Mindfulnessstems from Bu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mindfulness_and_technology |
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to human–computer interaction:
Human–Computer Interaction (HCI)– the intersection of computer science and behavioral sciences — this field involves the study, planning, and design of the interaction between people (users) and computers. Attention to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_human%E2%80%93computer_interaction |
TheTuring test, originally called theimitation gamebyAlan Turingin 1949,[2]is a test of a machine's ability toexhibit intelligent behaviourequivalent to that of a human. In the test, a human evaluator judges a text transcript of anatural-languageconversation between a human and a machine. The evaluator tries to identif... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_test |
User experience design(UX design,UXD,UED, orXD), upon which is the centralized requirements for "User Experience Design Research" (also known as UX Design Research), defines the experience a user would go through when interacting with a company, its services, and its products.[1]User experiencedesign is auser centered ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_experience_design |
Human–city interactionis the intersection betweenhuman-computer interactionandurban computing. The area involves data-driven methods such as analysis tools, prediction methods to present the solutions to urban design problems. Practitioners, Designers, software engineers in this area employ large sets of user-centric d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_City_Interaction |
Incomputing, adirectory serviceorname servicemaps the names of network resources to their respectivenetwork addresses. It is a shared information infrastructure for locating, managing, administering and organizing everyday items and network resources, which can include volumes, folders, files, printers, users, groups, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_service |
Anidentity verification serviceis used by businesses to ensure that users or customers provide information that is associated with the identity of a real person. The service may verify the authenticity of physical identity documents such as adriver's license,passport, or a nationally issuedidentity documentthrough docu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_verification_service |
Anidentity provider(abbreviatedIdPorIDP) is a system entity that creates, maintains, and manages identity information forprincipalsand also provides authentication services to relying applications within a federation or distributed network.[1]Identity providers offer user authentication as a service. Relying party appl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_provider |
Mobile identityis a development of onlineauthenticationanddigital signatures, where theSIMcard of one's mobile phone works as an identity tool. Mobile identity enables legally binding authentication and transaction signing foronline banking, payment confirmation, corporate services, and consuming online content. The us... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_identity_management |
Online identity management(OIM), also known asonline image management,online personal branding,orpersonal reputation management(PRM), is a set of methods for generating a distinguishedweb presenceof a person on the Internet. Online identity management also refers to identity exposure and identity disclosure, and has p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_identity_management |
Apassword manageris a software program to preventpassword fatiguebyautomatically generating,autofillingand storingpasswords.[1][2]It can do this forlocal applicationsorweb applicationssuch asonline shopsorsocial media.[3]Web browserstend to have a built-in password manager. Password managers typically require a user to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_management |
In computer systems security,role-based access control(RBAC)[1][2]orrole-based security[3]is an approach to restricting system access to authorized users, and to implementingmandatory access control (MAC)ordiscretionary access control (DAC).
Role-based access control is a policy-neutral access control mechanism define... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Role-based_access_control |
User modelingis the subdivision ofhuman–computer interactionwhich describes the
process of building up and modifying a conceptual understanding of the user. The main goal of user modeling is customization andadaptation of systemsto the user's specific needs. The system needs to "say the 'right' thing at the 'right' tim... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_modeling |
Situational awarenessorsituation awareness, often abbreviated asSAis the understanding of an environment, its elements, and how it changes with respect to time or other factors. It is also defined as the perception of the elements in the environment considering time and space, the understanding of their meaning, and t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness |
Computer literacyis defined as the knowledge and ability to usecomputersand related technology efficiently, with skill levels ranging from elementary use tocomputer programmingand advanced problem solving. Computer literacy can also refer to the comfort level someone has with using computer programs and applications. A... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_literacy |
Digital literacyis an individual's ability to find, evaluate, and communicate information using typing ordigital mediaplatforms. Digital literacy combines technical and cognitive abilities; it consists of using information and communication technologies to create, evaluate, and share information,[1]or critically examin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_literacy |
Ananonymous blogis ablogwithout any acknowledged author or contributor. Anonymous bloggers may achieveanonymitythrough the simple use of apseudonym, or through more sophisticated techniques such aslayered encryption routing, manipulation of post dates, or posting only from publicly accessible computers.[1]Motivations f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_blogging |
Ananonymous P2Pcommunication system is apeer-to-peerdistributed applicationin which thenodes, which are used to share resources, or participants areanonymousorpseudonymous.[1]Anonymity of participants is usually achieved by special routingoverlay networksthat hide the physical location of each node from other participa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_P2P |
Tor[6]is a freeoverlay networkfor enablinganonymous communication. Built onfree and open-source softwareand more than seven thousand volunteer-operated relays worldwide, users can have theirInternet trafficrouted via a random path through the network.[7][8]
Using Tor makes it more difficult to trace a user'sInternetac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor_(network) |
Canadian privacy lawis derived from thecommon law, statutes of theParliament of Canadaand the various provincial legislatures, and theCanadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Perhaps ironically, Canada's legal conceptualization of privacy, along with most modern legal Western conceptions of privacy, can be traced back ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_privacy_law |
Location-based service(LBS) is a general term denoting softwareserviceswhich usegeographic data and informationto provide services or information to users.[1]LBS can be used in a variety of contexts, such as health, indoorobject search,[2]entertainment,[3]work, personal life, etc.[4]Commonly used examples of location-b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Location-based_service#Privacy_issues |
PRISMis acode namefor a program under which the United StatesNational Security Agency(NSA) collectsinternetcommunications from various U.S. internet companies.[1][2][3]The program is also known by theSIGADUS-984XN.[4][5]PRISM collects stored internet communications based on demands made to internet companies such asGoo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRISM_surveillance_program |
There is no absolute right toprivacy in Australian lawand there is no clearly recognisedtortofinvasion of privacyor similar remedy available to people who feel their privacy has been violated. Privacy is, however, affected and protected in limited ways bycommon lawin Australia and a range offederal,state and territoria... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_in_Australian_law |
Privacy in English lawis a rapidly developing area ofEnglish lawthat considers situations where individuals have alegal righttoinformational privacy- the protection of personal or private information from misuse or unauthorized disclosure.[1]Privacy law is distinct from those laws such astrespassorassaultthat are desig... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_in_English_law |
Privacy laws of the United Statesdeal with several differentlegalconcepts. One is theinvasion of privacy, atortbased in common law allowing an aggrieved party to bring a lawsuit against an individual who unlawfully intrudes into their private affairs, discloses their private information, publicizes them in a false ligh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_laws_of_the_United_States |
Since the arrival of earlysocial networking sitesin the early 2000s, onlinesocial networking platformshave expanded exponentially, with the biggest names insocial mediain the mid-2010s beingFacebook,Instagram,TwitterandSnapchat. The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_concerns_with_social_networking_services |
[1]Search engine privacyis a subset ofinternet privacythat deals with user data being collected bysearch engines. Both types of privacy fall under the umbrella ofinformation privacy. Privacy concerns regarding search engines can take many forms, such as the ability for search engines to log individual search queries,br... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine_privacy |
Spatial cloakingis aprivacymechanism that is used to satisfy specific privacy requirements by blurring users’ exact locations into cloaked regions.[1][2]This technique is usually integrated into applications in various environments to minimize the disclosure ofprivate informationwhen users requestlocation-based service... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_cloaking |
Control softwaremay refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_software_(disambiguation) |
TheInternet Crime Complaint Center(IC3) is a division of theFederal Bureau of Investigation(FBI) concerning suspected Internet-facilitated criminal activity. The IC3 gives victims a convenient and easy-to-use reporting mechanism that alerts authorities of suspected criminal or civil violations on the Internet. The IC3 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Crime_Complaint_Center |
Anetwork security policy(NSP) is a generic document that outlines rules forcomputer networkaccess, determines how policies are enforced and lays out some of the basic architecture of the companysecurity/network securityenvironment.[1]The document itself is usually several pages long and written by acommittee.
Asecurit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_security_policy |
Achief information security officer(CISO) is a senior-level executive within anorganizationresponsible for establishing and maintaining the enterprise vision, strategy, and program to ensure information assets and technologies are adequately protected. The CISO directs staff in identifying, developing, implementing, an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_information_security_officer |
TheCIS Controls(formerly called theCenter for Internet Security Critical Security Controls for Effective Cyber Defense) is a publication ofbest practiceguidelines forcomputer security. The project was initiated early in 2008 in response to extreme data losses experienced by organizations in the US defense industrial ba... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_CIS_Critical_Security_Controls_for_Effective_Cyber_Defense |
Control system security, orautomation and control system (ACS) cybersecurity, is the prevention of (intentional or unintentional) interference with the proper operation ofindustrial automationandcontrol systems. These control systems manage essential services including electricity, petroleum production, water, transpor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_system_security |
Many countries around the world maintain military units that are specifically trained to cope withCBRN(Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear) threats. Beside this specialized units, most modern armed forces undergo generalized basic CBRN self-defense training for all their personnel.
Army
Navy
Nuclear Biologic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_CBRN_warfare_forces |
Many countries around the world maintainmarinesandnaval infantrymilitary units. Even if only a few nations have the capabilities to launch major amphibious assault operations, most marines and naval infantry forces are able to carry out limitedamphibious landings, riverine andcoastal warfaretasks. The list includes als... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_marines_and_similar_forces |
Many countries around the world maintain military units that are specifically trained forskiandmountain troopstasks. The list does not include non-mountainspecial forcesunits, even if several of them have some mountain warfare capabilities.
Militia units (Miliz):[46] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mountain_warfare_forces |
Many countries around the world maintain military units that are trained asparatroopers. These includespecial forcesunits that are parachute-trained, as well as non-airborne forcesunits.
Special Operations Regiment (Kenya)
Army
Air Force | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_paratrooper_forces |
Kerckhoffs's principle(also calledKerckhoffs's desideratum,assumption,axiom,doctrineorlaw) ofcryptographywas stated byDutch-borncryptographerAuguste Kerckhoffsin the 19th century. The principle holds that acryptosystemshould be secure, even if everything about the system, except thekey, is public knowledge. This concep... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerckhoffs%27s_Principle |
TheOrganization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards(OASIS;/oʊˈeɪ.sɪs/) is anonprofitconsortiumthat works on the development, convergence, and adoption of projects - bothopen standardsandopen source- forcomputer security,blockchain,Internet of things(IoT),emergency management,cloud computing,legal da... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OASIS_(organization) |
Open governmentis the governingdoctrinewhich maintains that citizens have the right to access the documents and proceedings of the government to allow for effective public oversight.[1]In its broadest construction, it opposesreason of stateand other considerations which have tended to legitimize extensive statesecrecy.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_government |
Homeland Open Security Technology(HOST) is a five-year, $10 million program by theDepartment of Homeland Security'sScience and Technology Directorateto promote the creation and use ofopen securityandopen-source softwarein the United States government and military, especially in areas pertaining tocomputer security.[1][... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeland_Open_Security_Technology |
Open sourceissource codethat is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use and view the source code,[1]design documents,[2]or content of the product. Theopen source modelis a decentralized software development model that encourages open collaboration.[3][4]A m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source |
Open-source hardware(OSH,OSHW) consists of physicalartifactsof technology designed and offered by theopen-design movement. Bothfree and open-source software(FOSS) and open-source hardware are created by thisopen-source culturemovement and apply a like concept to a variety of components. It is sometimes, thus, referred ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_hardware |
TheOpen Source Security Foundation(OpenSSF) is a cross-industry forum for collaborative improvement ofopen-source software security.[2][3]Part of theLinux Foundation, the OpenSSF works on various technical and educational initiatives to improve the security of the open-source software ecosystem.[4]
The OpenSSF was for... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Source_Security_Foundation |
Apaper shredderis a mechanical device used to cut sheets ofpaperinto either strips or fine particles. Government organizations, businesses, and private individuals use shredders to destroy private,confidential, or otherwise sensitive documents.
The first paper shredder is credited toinventorAbbot Augustus Low, whosepa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_shredder |
Anti–computer forensicsorcounter-forensicsare techniques used to obstructforensic analysis.
Anti-forensics has only recently[when?]been recognized as a legitimate field of study.
One of the more widely known and accepted definitions comes from Marc Rogers. One of the earliest detailed presentations of anti-forensics,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-computer_forensics |
Incomputer networking, aproxy serveris aserver applicationthat acts as anintermediarybetween aclientrequesting aresourceand the server providing that resource.[1]It improves privacy, security, and possibly performance in the process.
Instead of connecting directly to a server that can fulfill a request for a resource,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server |
Metadata removal toolormetadata scrubberis a type ofprivacy softwarebuilt to protect theprivacyof its users by removing potentially privacy-compromisingmetadatafrom files before they are shared with others, e.g., by sending them ase-mail attachmentsor by posting them on theWeb.[1][2]
Metadata can be found in many type... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata_removal_tool |
Data remanenceis the residual representation ofdigital datathat remains even after attempts have been made to remove or erase the data. This residue may result from data being left intact by a nominalfile deletionoperation, by reformatting of storage media that does not remove data previously written to the media, or t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_remanence |
Defensive programmingis a form ofdefensive designintended to develop programs that are capable of detecting potential security abnormalities and make predetermined responses.[1]It ensures the continuing function of a piece ofsoftwareunder unforeseen circumstances. Defensive programming practices are often used wherehig... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defensive_programming |
Earthquake engineeringis aninterdisciplinarybranch of engineering that designs and analyzesstructures, such asbuildingsandbridges, withearthquakesin mind. Its overall goal is to make such structures more resistant to earthquakes. An earthquake (or seismic) engineer aims to construct structures that will not be damaged ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake_engineering |
Inindustry,product lifecycle management(PLM) is the process of managing the entire lifecycle of a product from its inception through theengineering,design, andmanufacture, as well as the service and disposal of manufactured products.[1][2]PLM integrates people, data, processes, andbusinesssystems and provides a product... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_lifecycle_(engineering)#Phases_of_product_lifecycle_and_corresponding_technologies |
Explosion protectionis used to protect all sorts of buildings and civil engineering infrastructure against internal and externalexplosionsordeflagrations. It was widely believed[1]until recently that a building subject to an explosive attack had a chance to remain standing only if it possessed some extraordinary resist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explosion_protection |
Secure codingis the practice of developing computersoftwarein such a way that guards against the accidental introduction ofsecurity vulnerabilities. Defects,bugsand logic flaws are consistently the primary cause of commonly exploited software vulnerabilities.[1]Through the analysis of thousands of reported vulnerabilit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_coding |
Asecurity hackeror security researcher is someone who explores methods for breaching defenses andexploitingweaknesses in acomputer systemornetwork.[1]Hackers may be motivated by a multitude of reasons, such as profit, protest, information gathering,[2]challenge, recreation,[3]or evaluation of a system weaknesses to ass... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_hacker |
Security patternscan be applied to achieve goals in the area of security. All of the classical design patterns have different instantiations to fulfill someinformation securitygoal: such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Additionally, one can create a new design pattern to specifically achieve some secur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_pattern |
Insystems engineeringandsoftware engineering,requirements analysisfocuses on the tasks that determine the needs or conditions to meet the new or altered product or project, taking account of the possibly conflictingrequirementsof the variousstakeholders,analyzing,documenting,validating, andmanagingsoftware orsystem req... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_Requirements_Analysis |
Software cracking(known as "breaking" mostly in the 1980s[1]) is an act of removingcopy protectionfrom a software.[2]Copy protection can be removed by applying a specificcrack. Acrackcan mean any tool that enables breaking software protection, a stolen product key, or guessed password. Cracking software generally invol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_cracking |
Software security assuranceis a process that helps design and implementsoftwarethat protects thedataandresourcescontained in and controlled by that software. Software is itself a resource and thus must be afforded appropriatesecurity.
Software Security Assurance (SSA) is the process of ensuring thatsoftwareis designed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_security_assurance |
Systems engineeringis aninterdisciplinaryfield ofengineeringandengineering managementthat focuses on how to design, integrate, and managecomplex systemsover theirlife cycles. At its core, systems engineering utilizessystems thinkingprinciples to organize thisbody of knowledge. The individual outcome of such efforts, an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineering |
In thesecurity engineeringsubspecialty ofcomputer science, atrusted systemis one that is relied upon to a specified extent to enforce a specifiedsecurity policy. This is equivalent to saying that a trusted system is one whose failure would break a security policy (if a policy exists that the system is trusted to enforc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_system |
Code morphingis an approach used inobfuscating softwareto protectsoftwareapplications fromreverse engineering,analysis, modifications, and cracking. This technology protects intermediate level code such as compiled from Java and .NET languages (Oxygene,C#,Visual Basic, etc.) rather than binaryobject code. Code morphing... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_morphing |
Insoftware development,obfuscationis the practice of creatingsourceormachine codethat is intentionally difficult for humans or computers to understand. Similar toobfuscationinnatural language, code obfuscation may involve using unnecessarily roundabout ways to write statements. Programmers often obfuscate code to conce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obfuscation_(software) |
Secure by design, insoftware engineering, means that software products and capabilities have beendesignedto be foundationallysecure.
Alternate security strategies, tactics and patterns are considered at the beginning of a software design, and the best are selected and enforced by the architecture, and they are used as... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_by_design |
A controversy surrounding theAACSprocessing key arose in April 2007 when theMotion Picture Association of Americaand theAdvanced Access Content System Licensing Administrator, LLC (AACS LA) began issuingcease and desistletters[7]to websites publishing a 128-bit(16-byte)number, represented inhexadecimalas09 F9 11 02 9D ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AACS_encryption_key_controversy |
Acode talkerwas a person employed by the military during wartime to use a little-known language as a means of secret communication. The term is most often used for United States service members during theWorld Warswho used their knowledge ofNative American languagesas a basis to transmit coded messages. In particular, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_talker |
Obfuscationis theobscuringof the intendedmeaningofcommunicationby making the message difficult to understand, usually withconfusingandambiguouslanguage. The obfuscation might be either unintentional orintentional(although intent usually isconnoted), and is accomplished withcircumlocution(talking around the subject), th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obfuscation |
BlueKeep(CVE-2019-0708) is asecurity vulnerabilitythat was discovered inMicrosoft'sRemote Desktop Protocol(RDP) implementation, which allows for the possibility ofremote code execution.
First reported in May 2019, it is present in all unpatched Windows NT-based versions of Microsoft Windows fromWindows 2000throughWind... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlueKeep |
TheMicrosoft Support Diagnostic Tool(MSDT) is a legacyserviceinMicrosoft Windowsthat allows Microsofttechnical supportagents to analyze diagnostic data remotely for troubleshooting purposes.[1]In April 2022 it was observed to have asecurity vulnerabilitythat allowedremote code executionwhich was beingexploitedto attack... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follina_(security_vulnerability) |
Acyberattack(orcyber attack) occurs when there is an unauthorized action against computer infrastructure that compromises theconfidentiality, integrity, or availabilityof its content.[1]
The rising dependence on increasingly complex and interconnected computer systems in most domains of life is the main factor that ca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_(computing) |
Code injectionis acomputer security exploitwhere aprogramfails to correctly process external data, such as user input, causing it to interpret the data as executable commands. Anattackerusing this method "injects"codeinto the program while it is running. Successful exploitation of a code injection vulnerability can res... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_injection |
Where a device needs ausernameand/orpasswordto log in, adefault passwordis usually provided to access the device during its initial setup, or after resetting tofactory defaults.
Manufacturers of such equipment typically use a simple password, such asadminorpasswordon all equipment they ship, expecting users to change ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Default_Credential_vulnerability |
In theStandard Generalized Markup Language(SGML), anentityis aprimitivedata type, which associates astringwith either a unique alias (such as a user-specified name) or an SGMLreserved word(such as#DEFAULT). Entities are foundational to the organizational structure and definition of SGML documents. The SGML specificatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SGML_entity |
Application security(shortAppSec) includes all tasks that introduce a securesoftware development life cycleto development teams. Its final goal is to improve security practices and, through that, to find, fix and preferably prevent security issues within applications. It encompasses the whole application life cycle fro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application_security |
In computer engineering,Halt and Catch Fire, known by theassembly language mnemonicHCF, is anidiomreferring to a computermachine codeinstructionthat causes the computer'scentral processing unit(CPU) to cease meaningful operation, typically requiring a restart of the computer. It originally referred to a fictitious inst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halt_and_Catch_Fire_(computing) |
Inprocessor design,microcodeserves as an intermediary layer situated between thecentral processing unit(CPU) hardware and the programmer-visibleinstruction set architectureof a computer, also known as itsmachine code.[1][page needed]It consists of a set of hardware-level instructions that implement the higher-level mac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcode |
ThePentium F00F bugis a design flaw in the majority ofIntelPentium,Pentium MMX, andPentium OverDriveprocessors(all in theP5 microarchitecture). Discovered in 1997, it can result in the processor ceasing to function until the computer is physically rebooted. Thebughas been circumvented throughoperating systemupdates.
T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentium_F00F_bug |
Synthetic programming(SP) is an advanced technique forprogrammingtheHP-41CandElektronika B3-34calculators, involving creatinginstructions(or combinations of instructions and operands) that cannot be obtained using the standard capabilities of the calculator.[1]
Some HP-41C instructions are coded in memory usingmultipl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_programming |
Indigital computers, aninterrupt(sometimes referred to as atrap)[1]is a request for theprocessortointerruptcurrently executing code (when permitted), so that the event can be processed in a timely manner. If the request is accepted, the processor will suspend its current activities, save itsstate, and execute afunction... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trap_(computing) |
Anundocumented featureis an unintended or undocumented hardware operation, for example anundocumented instruction, orsoftware featurefound incomputer hardwareandsoftwarethat is considered beneficial or useful. Sometimes thedocumentationis omitted through oversight, but undocumented features are sometimes not intended f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undocumented_feature |
Thisglossary of computer hardware termsis a list of definitions of terms and concepts related tocomputer hardware, i.e. the physical and structural components of computers, architectural issues, and peripheral devices.
Alsochip set.
Alsochassis,cabinet,box,tower,enclosure,housing,system unit, or simplycase.
Also sim... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_computer_terms |
Inmultitaskingcomputeroperating systems, adaemon(/ˈdiːmən/or/ˈdeɪmən/)[1]is acomputer programthat runs as abackground process, rather than being under the direct control of an interactive user. Traditionally, the process names of a daemon end with the letterd, for clarification that the process is in fact a daemon, and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daemon_(computer_software) |
Achatbot(originallychatterbot)[1]is asoftwareapplication or web interface designed to have textual or spoken conversations.[2][3][4]Modern chatbots are typicallyonlineand usegenerative artificial intelligencesystems that are capable of maintaining a conversation with a user innatural languageand simulating the way a hu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatbot |
ChatBotis a software platform for creatingchatbotsfor business use released in August 2017.[2]
ChatBot (BotEngine) has its origins in a research project created by the companyText(formerly LiveChat Software), which won with this project athackathonin 2016.[3][4][5]In August 2017, LiveChat launched a beta version of th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChatBot |
AnInternet bot,web robot,robot, or simplybot,[1]is asoftware applicationthat runs automated tasks (scripts) on theInternet, usually with the intent to imitate human activity, such as messaging, on a large scale.[2]An Internet bot plays theclientrole in aclient–server modelwhereas theserverrole is usually played byweb s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_bot |
Incomputer science, asoftware agentis a computer program that acts for a user or another program in a relationship of agency.
The termagentis derived from theLatinagere(to do): an agreement to act on one's behalf. Such "action on behalf of" implies theauthorityto decide which, if any, action is appropriate.[1][2]Some ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_agent |
Alist of web service frameworks: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_web_service_frameworks |
The following is a list ofweb serviceprotocols. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_web_service_protocols |
There are a variety of specifications associated withweb services. These specifications are in varying degrees of maturity and are maintained or supported by various standards bodies and entities. These specifications are the basic web services framework established byfirst-generationstandards represented byWSDL,SOAP, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_web_service_specifications |
Middlewareis a type ofcomputer softwareprogram that provides services to software applications beyond those available from theoperating system. It can be described as "software glue".[1][2]
Middleware makes it easier forsoftware developersto implement communication and input/output, so they can focus on the specific p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middleware |
AWeb Map Service(WMS) is a standard protocol developed by theOpen Geospatial Consortiumin 1999 for servinggeoreferencedmap images over the Internet.[1]These images are typically produced by amap serverfrom data provided by aGISdatabase.[3]
TheOpen Geospatial Consortium(OGC) became involved in developing standards for ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Map_Service |
Aweb APIis anapplication programming interface(API) for either aweb serveror aweb browser.
As aweb developmentconcept, it can be related to aweb application'sclient side(including anyweb frameworksbeing used).
Aserver-sideweb API consists of one or more publicly exposedendpointsto a definedrequest–responsemessage sys... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_API |
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