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The AMD Phenom family is a64-bitmicroprocessorfamily fromAdvanced Micro Devices(AMD), based on theK10 microarchitecture. It includes theAMD PhenomII X6 hex-core series, Phenom X4 and Phenom II X4 quad-core series, Phenom X3 and Phenom II X3 tri-core series, and Phenom II X2 dual-core series. Other related processors ba... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_AMD_Phenom_processors |
AMD FX is a series ofAMD microprocessorsforpersonal computers. The following is a list ofAMD FXbrand microprocessors. SomeAPUsalso carry an FX model name, but the term "FX" normally only refers toCPUswhich are not just APUs with theiGPUdisabled.
APU features table
These processors were the first AMD CPUs to use the "... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_AMD_FX_processors |
This is a list of microprocessors designed byAMDcontaining a 3Dintegrated graphics processing unit(iGPU), including those under theAMD APU(Accelerated Processing Unit) product series.
The following table shows features ofAMD's processors with 3D graphics, includingAPUs.
The following table shows the graphics and comp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_AMD_accelerated_processing_units |
TheRyzenfamily is anx86-64microprocessorfamily fromAMD, based on theZen microarchitecture. The Ryzen lineup includes Ryzen 3, Ryzen 5, Ryzen 7, Ryzen 9, andRyzen Threadripperwith up to 96 cores. All consumer desktop Ryzens (except PRO models) and all mobile processors with the HX suffix have an unlocked multiplier. In ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_AMD_Ryzen_processors |
The following is alist ofAMDCPUmicroarchitectures.
Historically, AMD's CPU families were given a "K-number" (which originally stood forKryptonite,[1]an allusion to theSupermancomic book character's fatal weakness) starting with their first internal x86 CPU design, the K5, to represent generational changes. AMD has no... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_AMD_CPU_microarchitectures |
Apple A12Z(iPad Pro)
Apple M1is a series ofARM-basedsystem-on-a-chip(SoC) designed byApple Inc., launched 2020 to 2022. It is part of theApple siliconseries, as acentral processing unit(CPU) andgraphics processing unit(GPU) for itsMacdesktopsandnotebooks, and theiPad ProandiPad Airtablets.[4]The M1 chip initiated Appl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_M1 |
XScaleis amicroarchitectureforcentral processing unitsinitially designed byIntelimplementing theARM architecture(version 5)instruction set. XScale comprises several distinct families: IXP, IXC, IOP, PXA and CE (see more below), with some later models designed assystem-on-a-chip(SoC). Intel sold the PXA family toMarvell... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XScale |
Transient execution CPU vulnerabilitiesarevulnerabilitiesin which instructions, most often optimized usingspeculative execution, are executed temporarily by amicroprocessor, without committing their results due to a misprediction or error, resulting in leaking secret data to an unauthorized party. The archetype isSpect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transient_execution_CPU_vulnerability |
TheC3microprocessor fromVIA Technologiesis a fifth-generation CPU targeted at the desktop and mobile markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_VIA_C3_microprocessors |
TheC7microprocessor fromVIA Technologiesis a seventh-generation CPU targeted at the consumer and embedded market. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_VIA_C7_microprocessors |
TheEdenmicroprocessors fromVIA Technologiesare fifth- and sixth-generation CPUs targeted at the embedded market.
Announced on 13 August 2015 was a VIA embedded PC using a 1.2 GHz VIA Eden X4 5000-series CPU. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_VIA_Eden_microprocessors |
TheNano[1]microprocessor fromVIA Technologiesis an eighth-generation CPU targeted at the consumer and embedded market. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_VIA_Nano_microprocessors |
As the32-bitIntelArchitecture became the dominant computing platform during the 1980s and 1990s, multiple companies have tried to buildmicroprocessorsthat are compatible with that Intelinstruction setarchitecture. Most of these companies were not successful in the mainstream computing market. So far, onlyAMDhas had any... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_former_IA-32_compatible_processor_manufacturers |
Incomputing,Intel'sAdvanced Programmable Interrupt Controller(APIC) is a family ofprogrammable interrupt controllers. As its name suggests, the APIC is more advanced than Intel's8259Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC), particularly enabling the construction ofmultiprocessorsystems. It is one of several architectura... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Programmable_Interrupt_Controller |
Incomputing, aprogrammable interrupt controller(PIC) is anintegrated circuitthat helps amicroprocessor(orCPU) handleinterrupt requests(IRQs) coming from multiple different sources (like external I/O devices) which may occur simultaneously.[1]It helps prioritize IRQs so that the CPU switches execution to the most approp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Interrupt_Controller |
TheIntel 8259is aprogrammable interrupt controller(PIC) designed for theIntel 8085and8086microprocessors. The initial part was 8259, a later A suffix version was upward compatible and usable with the 8086 or8088processor. The 8259 combines multipleinterruptinput sources into a single interrupt output to the host microp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_8259 |
Incomputing, aplug and play(PnP) device orcomputer busis one with a specification that facilitates the recognition of a hardware component in a system without the need for physical device configuration or user intervention in resolving resource conflicts.[1][2]The term "plug and play" has since been expanded to a wide ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug_and_play |
Polling, orinterrogation, refers to actively sampling the status of anexternal deviceby aclient programas a synchronous activity. Polling is most often used in terms ofinput/output(I/O), and is also referred to aspolledI/Oorsoftware-drivenI/O. A good example of hardware implementation is awatchdog timer.
Polling is th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polling_(computer_science) |
Indigital computers, aninterrupt(sometimes referred to as atrap)[1]is a request for theprocessortointerruptcurrently executing code (when permitted), so that the event can be processed in a timely manner. If the request is accepted, the processor will suspend its current activities, save itsstate, and execute afunction... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrupt |
TheA20, oraddress line 20, is one of theelectricallines that make up thesystem busof anx86-based computer system. The A20 line in particular is used to transmit the 21st bit on theaddress bus.
A microprocessor typically has a number ofaddress linesequal to the base-twologarithmof the number ofwordsin its physicaladdre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A20_line |
In acomputer, aninterrupt request(orIRQ) is a hardware signal sent to the processor that temporarily stops a running program and allows a special program, aninterrupt handler, to run instead. Hardware interrupts are used to handle events such as receiving data from amodemornetwork card, key presses, or mouse movements... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INTR |
JoeorJOEmay refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_(disambiguation) |
Josis a city in Nigeria's middle belt.
JosorJOSmay also refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos_(disambiguation) |
Josephis a masculine given name.
Josephmay also refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_(disambiguation) |
Incomputing,channel I/Ois a high-performanceinput/output(I/O) architecture that is implemented in various forms on a number of computer architectures, especially onmainframe computers. In the past, channels were generally[a]implemented with custom devices, variously namedchannel,I/O processor,I/O controller, I/Osynchro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_I/O |
Aperipheral DMA controller(PDC) is a feature found in modernmicrocontrollers. This is typically aFIFOwith automated control features for driving implicitly included modules in a microcontroller such asUARTs.
This takes a large burden from theoperating systemand reduces the number ofinterruptsrequired to service and co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_DMA_controller |
Incomputer architecture,clock gatingis a popularpower managementtechnique used in manysynchronous circuitsfor reducing dynamicpower dissipation, by removing theclock signalwhen the circuit, or a subpart of it, is not in use or ignores the clock signal. Clock gatingsaves powerby pruning theclock tree, at the cost of add... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock_gating |
Incomputer architecture,clock gatingis a popularpower managementtechnique used in manysynchronous circuitsfor reducing dynamicpower dissipation, by removing theclock signalwhen the circuit, or a subpart of it, is not in use or ignores the clock signal. Clock gatingsaves powerby pruning theclock tree, at the cost of add... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_peripheral_clock_gating |
Power gatingis a technique used inintegrated circuitdesign to reducepowerconsumption, by shutting off thecurrentto blocks of the circuit that are not in use. In addition to reducing stand-by or leakage power, power gating has the benefit of enablingIddq testing.
Power gating affects design architecture more thanclock ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_gating |
Processor power dissipationorprocessing unit power dissipationis the process in whichcomputer processorsconsumeelectrical energy, and dissipate this energy in the form ofheatdue to theresistancein theelectronic circuits.
Designing CPUs that perform tasksefficientlywithoutoverheatingis a major consideration of nearly a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPU_power_dissipation |
Low-power electronicsareelectronicsdesigned to consume lesselectrical powerthan usual, often at some expense. For example,notebook processorsusually consume less power than theirdesktopcounterparts, at the expense ofcomputer performance.[1]
The earliest attempts to reduce the amount of power required by an electronic ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-power_electronics |
Event-driven architecture(EDA) is asoftware architectureparadigm concerning the production and detection ofevents. Event-driven architectures areevolutionary in natureand provide a high degree offault tolerance, performance, andscalability. However, they are complex and inherently challenging totest. EDAs are good for ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event-driven_architecture |
Incomputer programming,event-driven programmingis aprogramming paradigmin which theflow of the programis determined by externalevents.UIevents frommice,keyboards,touchpadsandtouchscreens, and externalsensorinputs are common cases. Events may also be programmatically generated, such as frommessages from other programs, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event-driven_programming |
Windows RTis amobile operating systemdeveloped byMicrosoftand released alongsideWindows 8on October 26, 2012. It is a version of Windows 8 orWindows 8.1built for the32-bit ARM architecture(ARMv7),[6]designed to take advantage of the architecture's power efficiency to allow for longer battery life, to usesystem-on-chip(... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Always_On,_Always_Connected |
Incomputer networking,Energy-Efficient Ethernet(EEE) is a set of enhancements totwisted-pair,twinaxial,backplane, andoptical fiberEthernet physical-layer variantsthat reduce power consumption during periods of low data activity.[1]The intention is to reduce power consumption by at least half, while retaining full compa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy-Efficient_Ethernet |
TCP offload engine(TOE) is a technology used in somenetwork interface cards(NIC) tooffloadprocessing of the entireTCP/IPstack to the network controller. It is primarily used with high-speed network interfaces, such asgigabit Ethernetand10 Gigabit Ethernet, where processing overhead of the network stack becomes signific... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP_offload_engine |
Building automation(BAS), also known asbuilding management system(BMS) orbuilding energy management system(BEMS), is the automatic centralized control of a building'sHVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning), electrical,lighting, shading,access control,security systems, and other interrelated systems. Some objec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_automation |
Incontrol theory, thecoefficient diagram method(CDM) is analgebraicapproach applied to apolynomialloop in theparameter space. A special diagram called a "coefficient diagram" is used as the vehicle to carry the necessary information and as the criterion of good design.[1]The performance of the closed-loop system is mon... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_diagram_method |
Control theoryis a field ofcontrol engineeringandapplied mathematicsthat deals with thecontrolofdynamical systemsin engineered processes and machines. The objective is to develop a model or algorithm governing the application of system inputs to drive the system to a desired state, while minimizing anydelay,overshoot, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_theory |
Adistributed control system(DCS) is a computerizedcontrol systemfor a process or plant usually with manycontrol loops, in which autonomous controllers are distributed throughout the system, but there is no central operator supervisory control. This is in contrast to systems that use centralized controllers; either disc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_control_system |
Droop speed controlis a control mode used for AC electrical power generators, whereby the power output of a generator reduces as the line frequency increases. It is commonly used as the speed control mode of thegovernorof aprime moverdriving asynchronous generatorconnected to anelectrical grid. It works by controlling ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Droop_speed_control |
Both electrical and electronics engineers typically possess anacademic degreewith a major in electrical/ electronics engineering. The length of study for such a degree is usually three or four years and the completed degree may be designated as aBachelor of Engineering,Bachelor of ScienceorBachelor of Applied Sciencede... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_and_training_of_electrical_and_electronics_engineers |
TheExperimental Physics and Industrial Control System(EPICS) is a set of software tools and applications used to develop and implementdistributed control systemsto operate devices such asparticle accelerators,telescopesand other large scientific facilities. The tools are designed to help develop systems which often fea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPICS |
Thegood regulator theoremis atheoremconceived by Roger C. Conant andW. Ross Ashbythat is central tocybernetics. It was originally stated as "every good regulator of a system must be a model of that system".[1]That is, anyregulatorthat is maximally simple among optimal regulators must behave as an image of that system u... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_regulator |
Guidance, navigation and control(abbreviatedGNC,GN&C, orG&C) is a branch ofengineeringdealing with the design of systems to control the movement of vehicles, especially,automobiles,ships,aircraft, andspacecraft. In many cases these functions can be performed by trained humans. However, because of the speed of, for exa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guidance,_navigation,_and_control |
Ahierarchical control system(HCS) is a form ofcontrol systemin which a set of devices and governing software is arranged in ahierarchicaltree. When the links in the tree are implemented by acomputer network, then that hierarchical control system is also a form ofnetworked control system.
A human-built system with com... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical_control_system |
HVAC(Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) equipment needs a control system to regulate the operation of a heating and/or air conditioning system.[1]Usually a sensing device is used to compare the actual state (e.g. temperature) with a target state. Then the control system draws a conclusion what action has to be ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HVAC_control_system |
Anindustrial control system(ICS) is an electroniccontrol systemand associatedinstrumentationused forindustrial process control. Control systems can range in size from a few modular panel-mounted controllers to large interconnected and interactivedistributed control systems(DCSs) with many thousands of field connections... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_control_system |
Motion controlis a sub-field ofautomation, encompassing the systems or sub-systems involved in moving parts of machines in a controlled manner. Motion control systems are extensively used in a variety of fields for automation purposes, includingprecision engineering,micromanufacturing,biotechnology, andnanotechnology.[... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_control |
Anetworked control system(NCS) is acontrol systemwherein the control loops are closed through a communicationnetwork. The defining feature of an NCS is that control and feedback signals are exchanged among the system's components in the form of information packages through a network.
The functionality of a typical NCS... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Networked_control_system |
Computer numerical control(CNC) is theautomated controlofmachine toolsby a computer. It is an evolution ofnumerical control(NC), where machine tools are directly managed bydata storage mediasuch aspunched cardsorpunched tape. Because CNC allows for easier programming, modification, and real-time adjustments, it has gr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_control |
Perceptual control theory(PCT) is a model ofbehaviorbased on the properties ofnegative feedbackcontrol loops. A control loop maintains a sensed variable at or near a reference value by means of the effects of its outputs upon that variable, as mediated by physical properties of the environment. Inengineering control th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptual_control_theory |
Aproportional–integral–derivative controller(PID controllerorthree-term controller) is afeedback-basedcontrol loopmechanism commonly used to manage machines and processes that require continuous control and automatic adjustment. It is typically used inindustrial control systemsand various other applications where const... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PID_controller |
Industrial process control(IPC) or simplyprocess controlis a system used in modernmanufacturingwhich uses the principles ofcontrol theoryand physicalindustrial control systemsto monitor, control and optimize continuousindustrial production processesusing control algorithms. This ensures that the industrialmachinesrun s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_control |
Process optimizationis the discipline of adjusting a process so as to make the best or most effective use of some specified set of parameters without violating some constraint. Common goals are minimizing cost and maximizing throughput and/or efficiency. Process optimization is one of the majorquantitativetools in indu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_optimization |
Insystems science, asampled-data systemis acontrol systemin which a continuous-timeplantis controlled with a digital device. Under periodicsampling, the sampled-data system is time-varying but also periodic; thus, it may be modeled by a simplified discrete-time system obtained by discretizing the plant. However, this d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampled_data_system |
VisSimis a visualblock diagramprogram for the simulation ofdynamical systemsandmodel-based designofembedded systems, with its ownvisual language. It is developed by Visual Solutions ofWestford, Massachusetts. Visual Solutions was acquired byAltairin August 2014 and its products have been rebranded as Altair Embed as a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VisSim |
This is a comprehensive list ofvolunteer computingprojects, which are a type ofdistributed computingwhere volunteers donate computing time to specific causes. The donated computing power comes from idleCPUsandGPUsinpersonal computers,video game consoles,[1]andAndroid devices.
Each project seeks to utilize the computin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_distributed_computing_projects |
TheScalable Weakly Consistent Infection-style Process Group Membership (SWIM) Protocolis a group membership protocol based on "outsourcedheartbeats"[1]used indistributed systems, first introduced by Abhinandan Das, Indranil Gupta and Ashish Motivala in 2002.[2][3]It is a hybrid algorithm which combinesfailure detection... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWIM_Protocol |
Incomputing, acrash, orsystem crash, occurs when a computer program such as asoftware applicationor anoperating systemstops functioning properly andexits. On some operating systems or individual applications, acrash reporting servicewill report the crash and any details relating to it (or give the user the option to do... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crash_(computing) |
A fundamental problem indistributed computingandmulti-agent systemsis to achieve overall system reliability in the presence of a number of faulty processes. This often requires coordinating processes to reachconsensus, or agree on some data value that is needed during computation. Example applications of consensus incl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensus_(computer_science) |
Infault-tolerantdistributed computing, anatomic broadcastortotal order broadcastis abroadcastwhere all correct processes in a system of multiple processes receive the same set of messages in the same order; that is, the same sequence of messages.[1][2]The broadcast is termed "atomic" because it either eventually comple... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_broadcast |
Methods of productionfall into three main categories: job (one-off production), batch (multiple items, one step at a time for all items), and flow.
Job production is used when a product is produced with the labor of one or few workers and is rarely used for bulk and large scale production. It is mainly used for one-of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_production |
Dataficationis a technological trend turning many aspects of our life intodata[1][2]which is subsequently transferred into information realised as a new form of value.[3]Kenneth CukierandViktor Mayer-Schönbergerintroduced the termdataficationto the broader lexicon in 2013.[4]Up until this time, datafication had been as... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datafication |
Ageographic information system(GIS) consists of integrated computer hardware andsoftwarethat store, manage,analyze, edit, output, andvisualizegeographic data.[1][2]Much of this often happens within aspatial database; however, this is not essential to meet the definition of a GIS.[1]In a broader sense, one may consider ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_information_system |
Amanagement information system(MIS) is aninformation system[1]used fordecision-making, and for the coordination, control, analysis, and visualization of information in an organization. The study of the management information systems involves people, processes and technology in an organizational context. In other words,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_information_system |
APersonal Information Agent(PIA) is an individual, business, or organization who is expressly authorized by another identifiable individual in dealings with third persons, businesses or organizations concerningpersonally identifiable information(PII).[1]PIA status allows access to information pertaining to an identifia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Information_Agent |
Real-time business intelligence(RTBI) is a concept describing the process of deliveringbusiness intelligence(BI) or information about business operations as they occur.Real timemeans near to zerolatencyandaccess to informationwhenever it is required.[1]
The speed of today's processing systems has allowed typicaldata w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_business_intelligence |
Social information processingis "an activity through which collective human actions organize knowledge."[1]It is the creation and processing of information by a group of people. As an academic field Social Information Processing studies theinformation processingpower of networkedsocial systems.
Typically computer tool... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_information_processing |
In the field ofinformation security,user activity monitoring(UAM) oruser activity analysis(UAA) is the monitoring and recording of user actions. UAM captures user actions, including the use of applications, windows opened, system commands executed, checkboxes clicked, text entered/edited, URLs visited and nearly every ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_activity_monitoring |
Abounding interval hierarchy(BIH) is a partitioningdata structuresimilar to that ofbounding volume hierarchiesorkd-trees. Bounding interval hierarchies can be used in high performance (or real-time)ray tracingand may be especially useful for dynamic scenes.
The BIH was first presented under the name of SKD-Trees,[1]pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bounding_interval_hierarchy |
Thedemoscene(/ˈdɛmoʊˌsiːn/) is an internationalcomputer artsubculturefocused on producingdemos: self-contained, sometimes extremely small, computer programs that produceaudiovisualpresentations. The purpose of a demo is to show offprogramming, visual art, and musical skills. Demos and other demoscene productions (graph... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demoscene |
Inreal-time computer graphics,geometry instancingis the practice ofrenderingmultiple copies of the samemeshin a scene at once. This technique is primarily used for objects such as trees, grass, or buildings which can be represented as repeated geometry without appearing unduly repetitive, but may also be used for chara... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometry_instancing |
Optical feedback(OF) refers to the phenomenon in alaser, where a part of thecoherent emissionlight returns to the laser cavity. The effect is typical for any laser, although the cause of the feedback light varies: reflection from optical components, fiber edges,spectroscopy cellwindows. Operation of thesemiconductor la... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_feedback |
Quartz Composeris anode graph systemprovided as part of theXcodedevelopment environmentinmacOSfor processing andrenderinggraphical data. It is capable of making sophisticated animations for keynote or presentations and creating animated screensavers.[1]
Quartz Composer usesOpenGL(includingGLSL),OpenCL(only in Mac OS X... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz_Composer |
Real timewithin the media is a method in which events are portrayed at the same rate at which they occur in the plot. For example, if a film told in real time is two hours long, then the plot of that movie covers two hours of fictional time. If a daily real time comic strip runs for six years, then the characters will ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_time_(media) |
In3D computer graphics,ray tracingis a technique for modelinglight transportfor use in a wide variety ofrenderingalgorithms for generatingdigital images.
On a spectrum ofcomputational costand visual fidelity, ray tracing-based rendering techniques, such asray casting,recursive ray tracing,distribution ray tracing,phot... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_raytracing |
Incomputer graphics,tessellationis the dividing of datasets ofpolygons(sometimes calledvertex sets) presenting objects in a scene into suitable structures forrendering. Especially forreal-time rendering, data istessellated into triangles, for example inOpenGL 4.0andDirect3D 11.[1][2]
A key advantage of tessellation fo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessellation_(computer_graphics) |
Video artis anartform which relies on usingvideotechnology as a visual and audio medium. Video art emerged during the late 1960s as new consumer video technology such asvideo tape recordersbecame available outside corporatebroadcasting. Video art can take many forms: recordings that arebroadcast;installationsviewed in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_art |
Avideo display controller(VDC), also called adisplay engineordisplay interface, is anintegrated circuitwhich is the main component in avideo-signal generator, a device responsible for the production of aTVvideo signalin a computing or game system. Some VDCs also generate anaudio signal, but that is not their main funct... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_display_controller |
Adaptive partition schedulersare a relatively new type of partition scheduler, which in turn is a kind ofscheduling algorithm, pioneered with the most recent version of theQNXoperating system. Adaptive partitioning, or AP, allows the real-time system designer to request that a percentage of processing resources be rese... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_partition_scheduler |
This is a list ofreal-time operating systems(RTOSs). This is anoperating systemin which the time taken to process an input stimulus is less than the time lapsed until the next input stimulus of the same type.
Platforms: SmartFusion2,RaspberryPi,STM32On an OS:Linux,Windows,macOS,FreeRTOS,RTEMS | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_real-time_operating_systems |
DO-178B, Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certificationis a guideline dealing with the safety ofsafety-criticalsoftware used in certain airborne systems. It was jointly developed by the safety-critical working group RTCA SC-167 of theRadio Technical Commission for Aeronautics(RTCA) and WG-12 of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DO-178B |
Incomputing,firmwareissoftwarethat provideslow-levelcontrol ofcomputing devicehardware.
For a relatively simple device, firmware may perform all control, monitoring and data manipulation functionality.
For a more complex device, firmware may provide relatively low-level control as well ashardware abstractionservicesto... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firmware |
TheINtimeReal Time Operating System (RTOS) family is based on a 32-bit RTOS conceived to run time-critical operations cycle-times as low as 50μs. INtime RTOS runs on single-core, hyper-threaded, and multi-core x86 PC platforms from Intel and AMD. It supports two binary compatible usage configurations; INtime for Window... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INtime |
Time-triggered architecture(abbreviated asTTA), also known as atime-triggered system, is a computer system that executes one or more sets of tasks according to a predetermined and set task schedule.[1]Implementation of a TT system will typically involve use of a single interrupt that is linked to the periodic overflow ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-triggered_system |
TheLinux Foundation(LF) is anon-profit organizationestablished in 2000 to supportLinuxdevelopment andopen-source softwareprojects.[2]
The Linux Foundation started asOpen Source Development Labsin 2000 to standardize and promote the open-source operating system kernelLinux.[3]It merged withFree Standards Groupin 2007. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_linux |
TheLinux Operating systemis prevalent inembedded systems. As of 2024, developer surveys and industry reports find that Embedded Linux is used in 44%-46% of embedded systems.[1][2][3]Due to itsversatility, its large community of developers, as well as its adaptability to devices with size and power constraints, Linux is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_on_embedded_systems |
In mathematics and computer science, thepinwheel schedulingproblem is a problem inreal-time schedulingwith repeating tasks of unit length and hard constraints on the time between repetitions.
When a pinwheel scheduling problem has a solution, it has one in which the schedule repeats periodically. This repeating patte... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinwheel_scheduling |
Asynchrony, incomputer programming, refers to the occurrence of events independent of the mainprogram flowand ways to deal with such events. These may be "outside" events such as the arrival ofsignals, or actions instigated by a program that take placeconcurrentlywith program execution, without the programhangingto wai... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynchronous_programming |
Incomputing,dataflowis a broad concept, which has various meanings depending on the application and context. In the context ofsoftware architecture, data flow relates tostream processingorreactive programming.
Dataflow computingis a software paradigm based on the idea of representing computations as adirected graph, w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_flow |
Inautomata theoryandsequential logic, astate-transition tableis a table showing what state (or states in the case of anondeterministic finite automaton) afinite-state machinewill move to, based on the current state and other inputs. It is essentially atruth tablein which the inputs include the current state along with ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_transition |
Incomputer science,best,worst, andaverage casesof a givenalgorithmexpress what theresourceusage isat least,at mostandon average, respectively. Usually the resource being considered is running time, i.e.time complexity, but could also be memory or some other resource.
Best case is the function which performs the minimum... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Best_and_worst_cases |
The cigarette smokers problemis a classicconcurrencyproblem in computer science, introduced bySuhas Patilin 1971. It illustratessynchronizationchallenges in multi-process systems, where multiple processes (smokers) compete for limited resources (ingredients) provided by a single agent. The problem is notable for its co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigarette_smokers_problem |
Incomputing, theproducer-consumer problem(also known as thebounded-buffer problem) is a family of problems described byEdsger W. Dijkstrasince 1965.
Dijkstra found the solution for the producer-consumer problem as he worked as a consultant for theElectrologicaX1 and X8 computers: "The first use of producer-consumer wa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Producers-consumers_problem |
Incomputer science, thereaders–writers problemsare examples of a common computing problem inconcurrency.[1]There are at least three variations of the problems, which deal with situations in which many concurrentthreadsof execution try to access the same shared resource at one time.
Some threads may read and some may w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Readers-writers_problem |
Incomputer science, thesleeping barber problemis a classicinter-process communicationandsynchronizationproblem that illustrates the complexities that arise when there are multipleoperating systemprocesses.[1]
The problem was originally proposed in 1965 by computer science pioneerEdsger Dijkstra,[2]who used it to make ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleeping_barber_problem |
stat()is aUnixsystem callthat queries thefile systemformetadataabout afile(includingspecial filessuch asdirectories). The metadata contains many fields includingtype,size, ownership,permissionsandtimestamps.
For example, thelscommand uses this system call to retrieve timestamps:
stat()appeared inVersion 1 Unix. It is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat_(Unix) |
Incomputing,netstatis acommand-linenetwork utilitythat displays open network sockets,routing tables, and a number of network interface (network interface controllerorsoftware-defined network interface) and network protocol statistics. It is available onUnix,Plan 9,Inferno, andUnix-likeoperating systemsincludingmacOS,Li... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netstat |
Aname–value pair, also called anattribute–value pair,key–value pair, orfield–value pair, is a fundamentaldata representationincomputing systemsandapplications. Designers often desire an open-endeddata structurethat allows forfuture extensionwithout modifying existing code or data. In such situations, all or part of the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attribute%E2%80%93value_pair |
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