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Aninterpreter directiveis acomputer languageconstruct, that on some systems is better described as an aspect of the system's executable file format, that is used to control whichinterpreterparses and interprets the instructions in acomputer program.[1]
InUnix,Linuxand otherUnix-likeoperating systems, the first two byt... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpreter_directive |
Aread–eval–print loop(REPL), also termed aninteractive toplevelorlanguage shell, is a simple interactivecomputer programmingenvironment that takes single user inputs, executes them, and returns the result to the user; a program written in a REPL environment is executed piecewise.[1]The term usually refers to programmin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-eval-print_loop |
TheRun commandon anoperating systemsuch asMicrosoft WindowsandUnix-likesystems is used to directly open an application or document whosepathis known.
The command functions more or less like a single-linecommand-line interface. In theGNOME(a UNIX-like derivative) interface, the Run command is used to run applications v... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_command |
Agraphical user interface, orGUI[a], is a form ofuser interfacethat allowsuserstointeract with electronic devicesthroughgraphicaliconsand visual indicators such assecondary notation. In many applications, GUIs are used instead oftext-based UIs, which are based on typed command labels or text navigation. GUIs were intro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface#Comparison_to_other_interfaces |
In the Beginning... Was the Command Lineis an essay byNeal Stephensonwhich was originally published online in 1999 and later made available in book form (November 1999,ISBN978-0380815937). The essay is a commentary on why the proprietaryoperating systemsbusiness is unlikely to remain profitable in the future because of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Beginning..._Was_the_Command_Line |
Incomputer programming,glue codeiscodethat allows components tointeroperatethat otherwise areincompatible. Theadapter patterndescribes glue code as asoftware design pattern.
Glue code describeslanguage bindingsorforeign function interfacessuch as theJava Native Interface(JNI).
Glue code may be written to access exist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glue_code |
Incomputing, ashebangis the character sequence#!, consisting of the charactersnumber sign(also known assharporhash) andexclamation mark(also known asbang), at the beginning of ascript. It is also calledsharp-exclamation,sha-bang,[1][2]hashbang,[3][4]pound-bang,[5][6]orhash-pling.[7]
When a text file with a shebang is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shebang_(Unix) |
PowerShellis ashellprogramdeveloped byMicrosoftfor task automation andconfiguration management. As is typical for a shell, it provides acommand-lineinterpreterfor interactive use and ascriptinterpreter for automation via alanguagedefined for it. Originally only for Windows, known asWindows PowerShell, it was madeopen-s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerShell |
TheMicrosoftWindows Script Host(WSH) (formerly namedWindows Scripting Host) is an automation technology forMicrosoft Windowsoperating systemsthat provides scripting abilities comparable tobatch files, but with a wider range of supported features. This tool was first provided on Windows 95 after Build 950a on the instal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Script_Host |
Exception(s),The Exception(s), orexceptionalmay refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exception_(disambiguation) |
Acceptanceis the experience of a situation without an intention to change that situation.
Acceptancemay also refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceptance_(disambiguation) |
Receiverorreceivemay refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receive_(disambiguation) |
Rejection, or the verbreject, may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rejection_(disambiguation) |
Inprogramming language theory,lazy evaluation, orcall-by-need,[1]is anevaluation strategywhich delays the evaluation of anexpressionuntil its value is needed (non-strict evaluation) and which avoids repeated evaluations (by the use ofsharing).[2][3]
The benefits of lazy evaluation include:
Lazy evaluation is often co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazy_evaluation |
InDOS memory management,conventional memory, also calledbase memory, is the first 640kilobytesof the memory onIBM PCor compatible systems. It is the read-write memory directly addressable by the processor for use by the operating system and application programs. As memory prices rapidly declined, this design decision b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventional_memory |
InIBM PC compatiblecomputing,DOS memory managementrefers to software and techniques employed to give applications access to more than 640kibibytes(640*1024 bytes) (KiB) of "conventional memory". The 640 KiB limit was specific to the IBM PC and close compatibles; other machines runningMS-DOShad different limits, for exa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOS_memory_management |
InDOS memory management,extended memoryrefers tomemoryabove the firstmegabyte(220bytes) ofaddress spacein anIBM PCor compatible with an80286or laterprocessor. The term is mainly used under theDOSandWindowsoperating systems. DOS programs, running inreal modeorvirtual x86 mode, cannot directly access this memory, but are... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_memory |
InDOS memory management, thehigh memory area(HMA) is theRAMarea consisting of the first 65520bytesabove the one megabyte in anIBMATor compatible computer.
Inreal mode, thesegmentation architectureof theIntel8086and subsequent processors identifies memory locations with a 16-bit segment and a 16-bit offset, which is re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_memory_area |
In a general computing sense,overlayingmeans "the process of transferring ablockof program code or other data intomain memory, replacing what is already stored".[1]Overlaying is aprogrammingmethod that allows programs to be larger than the computer'smain memory.[2]Anembedded systemwould normally use overlays because of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overlay_(programming) |
InDOS memory management, theupper memory area(UMA) is thememorybetween theaddressesof 640KBand 1024 KB (0xA0000–0xFFFFF) in anIBM PCor compatible. IBM reserved the uppermost 384 KB of the8088CPU's 1024 KB address space forBIOSROM,Video BIOS,Option ROMs, video RAM,RAMon peripherals,memory-mapped I/O, and obsoletedROM BA... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_memory_area |
EMM386is theexpanded memorymanager ofMicrosoft'sMS-DOS,IBM'sPC DOS,Digital Research'sDR-DOS, andDatalight'sROM-DOS[1]which is used to create expanded memory usingextended memoryonIntel 80386CPUs. There also is an EMM386.EXE available inFreeDOS.[2]
EMM386.EXE can map memory into unused blocks in theupper memory area(UM... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_EMM_Import_Specification |
x86 memory segmentationis a term for the kind ofmemory segmentationcharacteristic of the Intelx86computerinstruction set architecture. The x86 architecture has supported memory segmentation since the originalIntel 8086(1978), butx86 memory segmentationis a plainly descriptiveretronym. The introduction of memory segment... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_memory_segmentation |
Address Windowing Extensions(AWE) is aMicrosoft Windowsapplication programming interfacethat allows a 32-bit softwareapplicationto access morephysical memorythan it has virtual address space, even in excess of the 4 GB limit.[1]The process of mapping an application's virtual address space to physical memory under AWE i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address_Windowing_Extensions |
Incomputing,Physical Address Extension(PAE), sometimes referred to asPage Address Extension,[1]is a memory management feature for the x86 architecture. PAE was first introduced by Intel in thePentium Pro, and later by AMD in theAthlonprocessor.[2]It defines apage tablehierarchy of three levels (instead of two), with ta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Address_Extension |
Thesidewaysaddress space on theAcornBBC Microcomputer,ElectronandMaster-series microcomputerwas Acorn'sbank switchingimplementation, providing for permanent system expansion in the days beforehard disk drivesor evenfloppy disk driveswere commonplace.Filing systems, application and utility software, and drivers were mad... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sideways_address_space |
Incomputer programming, theblock starting symbol(abbreviated to.bssorbss) is the portion of anobject file, executable, orassembly languagecode that containsstatically allocated variablesthat are declared but have not been assigned a value yet. It is often referred to as the "bss section" or "bss segment".
Typically on... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSS_Segment |
Incomputing, adata segment(often denoted.data) is a portion of anobject fileor the correspondingaddress spaceof a program that contains initializedstatic variables, that is,global variablesandstatic local variables. The size of this segment is determined by the size of the values in the program's source code, and does ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_segment |
Flat memory modelorlinear memory modelrefers to amemory addressingparadigm in which "memoryappears to the program as a single contiguousaddress space."[1]TheCPUcan directly (andlinearly)addressall of the availablememorylocations without having to resort to any sort ofbank switching,memory segmentationorpagingschemes.
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_memory_model |
Agrant tableis an interface which grants access tomemory pagestovirtual machinesthat do not own the pages.[1]Grant tables are implemented onXenhypervisor.
Grant tables are generally used in inter-virtual machine communication, when one of the communicating VM's requires pages owned by the other VM.
This computing art... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grant_table |
Incomputeroperating systems,memory pagingis amemory managementscheme that allows the physical memory used by a program to be non-contiguous.[1]This also helps avoid the problem of memory fragmentation and requiring compaction to reduce fragmentation.
It is often combined with the related technique of allocating and fr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_paging |
Thezero pageorbase pageis the block of memory at the very beginning of acomputer'saddress space; that is, thepagewhose starting address is zero. The size of a page depends on the context, and the significance of zero page memory versus higher addressed memory is highly dependent on machine architecture. For example, th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_page |
TheZero Page(or Base Page) is adata structureused inCP/Msystems for programs to communicate with the operating system. In 8-bit CP/M versions it is located in thefirst 256 bytes of memory, hence its name.
The equivalent structure inDOSis theProgram Segment Prefix(PSP), a 256-byte (page-sized) structure, which is by de... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_page_(CP/M) |
Incomputing, acache(/kæʃ/ⓘKASH)[1]is a hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster; the data stored in a cache might be the result of an earlier computation or a copy of data stored elsewhere. Acache hitoccurs when the requested data can be found in a cache... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cache_(computing) |
Incomputing,cache replacement policies(also known ascache replacement algorithmsorcache algorithms) areoptimizinginstructions oralgorithmswhich acomputer programor hardware-maintained structure can utilize to manage acacheof information. Caching improves performance by keeping recent or often-used data items in memory ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cache_replacement_policies |
Heterogeneous System Architecture(HSA) is a cross-vendor set of specifications that allow for the integration ofcentral processing unitsandgraphics processorson the same bus, with sharedmemoryandtasks.[1]The HSA is being developed by theHSA Foundation, which includes (among many others)AMDandARM. The platform's stated ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterogeneous_System_Architecture |
Endpoint securityorendpoint protectionis an approach to the protection ofcomputer networksthat are remotely bridged to client devices. The connection of endpoint devices such aslaptops,tablets,mobile phones, and otherwirelessdevices to corporate networks creates attack paths for security threats.[1]Endpoint security at... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endpoint_security |
Modular programmingis asoftware designtechnique that emphasizes separating the functionality of aprograminto independent, interchangeablemodules, such that each contains everything necessary to execute only one aspect or"concern"of the desired functionality.
A moduleinterfaceexpresses the elements that are provided an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_programming |
Insoftware architecture,publish–subscribeorpub/subis amessaging patternwhere publishers categorizemessagesinto classes that are received by subscribers. This is contrasted to the typical messaging pattern model where publishers send messages directly to subscribers.
Similarly, subscribers express interest in one or mo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publish%E2%80%93subscribe_pattern |
Pull codingorclient pullis a style ofnetworkcommunication, where the initialrequestfor data originates from theclient, and then is responded to by theserver. The reverse is known aspush technology, where the serverpushesdata to clients.
Pull requests form the foundation of network computing, where many clients request... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pull_technology |
Push technology,also known asserver Push,refers to a communication method, where the communication is initiated by aserverrather than a client. This approach is different from the "pull" method where the communication is initiated by a client.[1]
In push technology, clients can express their preferences for certain ty... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push_technology |
In distributed computing, aremote procedure call(RPC) is when a computer program causes a procedure (subroutine) to execute in a different address space (commonly on another computer on a shared computer network), which is written as if it were a normal (local) procedure call, without the programmer explicitly writing ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_procedure_call |
TheServer Change Number (SCN)is a counter variable used in Client/Server Architecture systems to find out whether theserverstate could be synchronized with the state of theclient. In case of a difference, there have been obviously communication problems.
The number is incremented once the server has successfully integ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_change_number |
Systems Network Architecture[1](SNA) isIBM's proprietarynetworkingarchitecture, created in 1974.[2]It is a completeprotocol stackfor interconnectingcomputersand their resources. SNA describes formats and protocols but, in itself, is not a piece of software. The implementation of SNA takes the form of various communicat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_Network_Architecture |
International Business Machines Corporation(using thetrademarkIBM), nicknamedBig Blue,[6]is an Americanmultinationaltechnology companyheadquartered inArmonk, New Yorkand present in over 175 countries.[7][8]It is apublicly traded companyand one of the 30 companies in theDow Jones Industrial Average.[a][9][10]IBM is the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM |
Incomputer networking, athin client,sometimes calledslim clientorlean client, is a simple (low-performance)computerthat has beenoptimizedforestablishing a remote connectionwith aserver-based computing environment. They are sometimes known asnetwork computers, or in their simplest form aszero clients. The server does mo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_client |
Configurable Network ComputingorCNCisJD Edwards's (JDE)client–serverproprietary architecture and methodology. Now a division of theOracle Corporation, Oracle continues to sponsor the ongoing development of theJD EdwardsEnterprise Resource Planning(ERP) system, While highly flexible, the CNC architecture isproprietaryan... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configurable_Network_Computing |
J.D. Edwards World Solution CompanyorJD Edwards, abbreviatedJDE, was anenterprise resource planning(ERP)softwarecompany, whose namesake ERP system is still sold under ownership byOracle Corporation. JDE's products includedWorldforIBMAS/400minicomputers(the users using acomputer terminalorterminal emulator),OneWorldfor ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JD_Edwards |
Incomputer science, aheartbeatis aperiodic signalgenerated byhardwareorsoftwareto indicate normal operation or tosynchronizeother parts of acomputer system.[1][2]Heartbeat mechanism is one of the common techniques inmission critical systemsfor providinghigh availabilityandfault toleranceofnetwork servicesby detecting t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heartbeat_private_network |
High-availability clusters(also known asHA clusters,fail-over clusters) are groups ofcomputersthat supportserverapplicationsthat can be reliably utilized witha minimum amount of down-time. They operate by usinghigh availability softwareto harnessredundantcomputers in groups orclustersthat provide continued service whe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-availability_cluster |
Indistributed computing, asingle system image(SSI) cluster is aclusterof machines that appears to be one single system.[1][2][3]The concept is often considered synonymous with that of adistributed operating system,[4][5]but a single image may be presented for more limited purposes, justjob schedulingfor instance, which... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_system_image |
Inconcurrent programming, an operation (or set of operations) islinearizableif it consists of an ordered list ofinvocationand responseevents, that may be extended by adding response events such that:
Informally, this means that the unmodified list of events is linearizableif and only ifits invocations were serializabl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linearizability |
Incomputer science, asemaphoreis avariableorabstract data typeused to control access to a common resource by multiplethreadsand avoidcritical sectionproblems in aconcurrentsystem such as amultitaskingoperating system. Semaphores are a type ofsynchronization primitive. A trivial semaphore is a plain variable that is cha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semaphore_(programming) |
Incomputer science,software transactional memory(STM) is aconcurrency controlmechanism analogous todatabase transactionsfor controlling access toshared memoryinconcurrent computing. It is an alternative tolock-based synchronization. STM is a strategy implemented in software, rather than as a hardware component. A trans... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_transactional_memory |
Transactional Synchronization Extensions(TSX), also calledTransactional Synchronization Extensions New Instructions(TSX-NI), is an extension to thex86instruction set architecture(ISA) that adds hardwaretransactional memorysupport, speeding up execution of multi-threaded software through lock elision. According to diff... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transactional_Synchronization_Extensions |
In the fields ofdatabasesandtransaction processing(transaction management), aschedule(orhistory) of a system is an abstract model to describe the order ofexecutionsin a set of transactions running in the system. Often it is alistof operations (actions) ordered by time, performed by a set oftransactionsthat are executed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_transaction_schedule |
Incomputer security, asandboxis a security mechanism for separating running programs, usually in an effort to mitigate system failures and/or softwarevulnerabilitiesfrom spreading. Thesandboxmetaphor derives from the concept of a child's sandbox—a play area where children can build, destroy, and experiment without caus... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolation_(computer_science) |
Distributed concurrency controlis theconcurrency controlof a systemdistributedover acomputer network(Bernstein et al. 1987,Weikum and Vossen 2001).
Indatabase systemsandtransaction processing(transaction management) distributed concurrency control refers primarily to the concurrency control of adistributed database. I... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_concurrency_control |
The Java programming language'sJava Collections Frameworkversion 1.5 and later defines and implements the original regular single-threaded Maps, and
also new thread-safe Maps implementing thejava.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMapinterface among other concurrent interfaces.[1]In Java 1.6, thejava.util.NavigableMapinterface... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_ConcurrentMap |
Arace conditionorrace hazardis the condition of anelectronics,software, or othersystemwhere the system's substantive behavior isdependenton the sequence or timing of other uncontrollable events, leading to unexpected or inconsistent results. It becomes abugwhen one or more of the possible behaviors is undesirable.
The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_condition#Computing |
Incomputer science,transaction processingis information processing[1]that is divided into individual, indivisible operations calledtransactions. Each transaction must succeed orfailas a complete unit; it can never be only partially complete.
For example, when you purchase a book from an online bookstore, you exchange... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_processing |
Theactive objectdesign patterndecouples method execution from method invocation for objects that each reside in their ownthreadof control.[1]The goal is to introduceconcurrency, by usingasynchronous method invocationand aschedulerfor handling requests.[2]
The pattern consists of six elements:[3]
An example of active ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_object |
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software(1994) is asoftware engineeringbook describingsoftware design patterns. The book was written byErich Gamma,Richard Helm,Ralph Johnson, andJohn Vlissides, with a foreword byGrady Booch. The book is divided into two parts, with the first two chapters exploring... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_Patterns |
Insoftware engineering,behavioral design patternsaredesign patternsthat identify common communication patterns among objects. By doing so, these patterns increase flexibility in carrying out communication.
Examples of this type of design pattern include: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioral_pattern |
Insoftware engineering,creational design patternsaredesign patternsthat deal withobject creationmechanisms, trying to createobjectsin a manner suitable to the situation. The basic form of object creation could result in design problems or in added complexity to the design due to inflexibility in the creation procedures... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creational_pattern |
Insoftware engineering,structural design patternsaredesign patternsthat ease the design by identifying a simple way to realize relationships among entities.
Examples of Structural Patterns include: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_pattern |
Incomputer science,SYNTAXis a system used to generatelexicaland syntactic analyzers (parsers) (both deterministic and non-deterministic) for all kinds ofcontext-free grammars(CFGs) as well as some classes of contextual grammars.[citation needed]It has been developed atINRIAinFrancefor several decades, mostly by Pierre ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SYNTAX |
CADP[1](Construction and Analysis of Distributed Processes) is a toolbox for the design of communication protocols and distributed systems. CADP is developed by the CONVECS team (formerly by the VASY team) atINRIARhone-Alpes and connected to various complementary tools. CADP is maintained, regularly improved, and used... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CADP |
AppScaleis a software company that offers cloud infrastructure software and services to enterprises, government agencies, contractors, and third-party service providers. The company commercially supports one software product, AppScale ATS, a managed hybrid cloud infrastructure software platform that emulates the core A... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppScale |
8.0.2macOS30 May 2024; 11 months ago(2024-05-30)8.0.2Linux30 May 2024; 11 months ago(2024-05-30)8.0.2Android30 May 2024; 11 months ago(2024-05-30)
TheBerkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing[2](BOINC, pronounced/bɔɪŋk/– rhymes with "oink"[3]) is anopen-sourcemiddlewaresystem forvolunteer computing(a type ofd... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BOINC |
Indistributed computing,code mobilityis the ability for runningprograms, code or objects to bemigrated(or moved) from one machine or application to another.[1]This is the process of movingmobile codeacross the nodes of anetworkas opposed to distributed computation where thedatais moved.
It is common practice in distri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_mobility |
Incomputer programming,dataflow programmingis aprogramming paradigmthat models a program as adirected graphof the data flowing between operations, thus implementingdataflowprinciples and architecture.[1]Dataflowprogramming languagesshare some features offunctional languages, and were generally developed in order to bri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataflow_programming |
Decentralized computingis the allocation of resources, bothhardwareandsoftware, to each individualworkstation, or office location. In contrast,centralized computingexists when the majority of functions are carried out or obtained from a remote centralized location. Decentralized computing is a trend in modern-day busin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized_computing |
Adistributed algorithmis analgorithmdesigned to run oncomputer hardwareconstructed from interconnectedprocessors. Distributed algorithms are used in different application areas ofdistributed computing, such astelecommunications,scientific computing, distributedinformation processing, and real-timeprocess control. Stand... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_algorithm |
Distributed algorithmic mechanism design(DAMD) is an extension ofalgorithmic mechanism design.
DAMD differs fromAlgorithmic mechanism designsince thealgorithmis computed in a distributed manner rather than by a central authority. This greatly improvescomputation timesince the burden is shared by allagentswithin anetw... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_algorithmic_mechanism_design |
Incomputing, adistributed cacheis an extension of the traditional concept ofcacheused in a singlelocale. A distributed cache may span multiple servers so that it can grow in size and in transactional capacity. It is mainly used to store application data residing indatabaseand websessiondata. The idea of distributed cac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_cache |
Distributed GISrefers toGI Systemsthat do not have all of the system components in the same physical location.[1]This could be theprocessing, thedatabase, the rendering or theuser interface. It represents a special case ofdistributed computing, with examples of distributed systems includingInternet GIS,Web GIS, andMobi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_GIS |
Distributed networkingis adistributed computingnetwork system where components of the program and data depend on multiple sources.
Distributed networking, used indistributed computing, is the network system over whichcomputer programming,software, and its data are spread out across more than one computer, but communic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_networking |
Adistributed operating systemis system software over a collection of independent software,networked,communicating, and physically separate computational nodes. They handle jobs which are serviced by multiple CPUs.[1]Each individual node holds a specific software subset of the global aggregate operating system. Each sub... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_operating_system |
Eventual consistencyis aconsistency modelused indistributed computingto achievehigh availability. Put simply: if no new updates are made to a given data item,eventuallyall accesses to that item will return the last updated value.[1]Eventual consistency, also calledoptimistic replication,[2]is widely deployed in distri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eventual_consistency |
TheACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing(PODC) is anacademic conferencein the field ofdistributed computingorganised annually by theAssociation for Computing Machinery(special interest groupsSIGACTandSIGOPS).[1]
Work presented at PODC typically studies theoretical aspects of distributed computing, such ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edsger_W._Dijkstra_Prize_in_Distributed_Computing |
Afederationis a group of computing or network providers agreeing upon standards of operation in a collective fashion.
The most widely known example is the Internet, which is Federated around theInternet Protocol(IP) stack of protocols. Another, more visible, example isEmail, where the common use of theSimple Mail Tran... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_(information_technology) |
Flat Neighborhood Network (FNN)is atopologyfordistributed computingand other computer networks. Eachnodeconnects to two or moreswitcheswhich, ideally, entirely cover the node collection, so that each node can connect to any other node in two "hops" (jump up to one switch and down to the other node). This contrasts to t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_neighborhood_network |
Fog computing[1][2]orfog networking, also known asfogging,[3][4]is an architecture that usesedge devicesto carry out a substantial amount of computation (edge computing), storage, and communication locally and routed over theInternet backbone.
In 2011, the need to extend cloud computing with fog computing emerged, in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog_computing |
Folding@home(FAHorF@h) is adistributed computingproject aimed to help scientists develop new therapeutics for a variety of diseases by the means of simulatingprotein dynamics. This includes the process ofprotein foldingand the movements ofproteins, and is reliant on simulations run on volunteers'personal computers.[5]F... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folding@home |
Grid computingis the use of widely distributedcomputerresourcesto reach a common goal. A computing grid can be thought of as adistributed systemwith non-interactive workloads that involve many files. Grid computing is distinguished from conventional high-performance computing systems such asclustercomputing in that gri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_computing |
Infernois adistributed operating systemstarted atBell Labsand now developed and maintained byVita Nuova Holdingsasfree softwareunder theMIT License.[2][3]Inferno was based on the experience gained withPlan 9 from Bell Labs, and the further research of Bell Labs into operating systems, languages, on-the-fly compilers, g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferno_(operating_system) |
Internet GISis broad set of technologies and applications that employ theInternetto access, analyze, visualize, and distributespatial dataviageographic information systems(GIS).[1][2][3][4][5]Internet GIS is an outgrowth of traditional GIS, and represents a shift from conducting GIS on an individual computer to working... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_GIS |
Inqueueing theory, a discipline within the mathematicaltheory of probability, alayered queueing network(orrendezvous network[1]) is aqueueing networkmodel where the service time for each job at each service node is given by the response time of a queueing network (and those service times in turn may also be determined ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layered_queueing_network |
Insoftware engineering, aLibrary Oriented Architecture(LOA) is a set of principles andmethodologiesfor designing and developing software in the form of reusable software libraries constrained in a specific ontology domain. LOA provides one of the many alternate methodologies that enable the further exposure of software... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_Oriented_Architecture |
OpenHarmony(OHOS,OH) is a family ofopen-sourcedistributed operating systems based onHarmonyOSderived fromLiteOS, donated the L0-L2 branch source code byHuaweito theOpenAtom Foundation. Similar to HarmonyOS, the open-sourcedistributed operating systemis designed with a layered architecture, consisting of four layers fro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenHarmony |
Plan 9 from Bell Labsis adistributed operating systemwhich originated from the Computing Science Research Center (CSRC) atBell Labsin the mid-1980s and built onUNIXconcepts first developed there in the late 1960s. Since 2000, Plan 9 has beenfree and open-source. The final official release was in early 2015.
Under Plan... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan_9_from_Bell_Labs |
Ashared-nothing architecture(SN) is adistributed computingarchitecturein which each update request is satisfied by a single node (processor/memory/storage unit) in acomputer cluster. The intent is to eliminate contention among nodes. Nodes do not share (independently access) the same memory or storage.
One alternative... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_nothing_architecture |
Web GIS, also known asWeb-based GIS, areGeographic Information Systems(GIS) that employ theWorld Wide Web(the Web) to facilitate the storage, visualization, analysis, and distribution ofspatial informationover theInternet.[1][2][3][4][5][6]Web GIS involves using the Web to facilitate GIS tasks traditionally done on a d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_GIS |
Lisp Flavored Erlang(LFE) is afunctional,concurrent,garbage collected, general-purposeprogramming languageandLispdialectbuilt on CoreErlangand the Erlang virtual machine (BEAM). LFE builds on Erlang to provide a Lisp syntax for writing distributed,fault-tolerant, softreal-time, non-stop applications. LFE also extends E... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LFE_(programming_language) |
Mixis abuild automationtool for working with applications written in theElixirprogramming language.[3][4]Mix was created in 2012 by Anthony Grimes, who took inspiration from Clojure's Leiningen. Soon after, Mix was merged into the Elixir programming language itself and to this day is one of the six applications that ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mix_(build_tool) |
Phoenixis aweb development frameworkwritten in thefunctional programminglanguageElixir.
Phoenix uses aserver-sidemodel–view–controller(MVC) pattern.[2]Based on the Plug library,[3]and ultimately theErlangHTTP server Cowboy,[4]it was developed to provide highly performant and scalableweb applications. In addition to th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(web_framework) |
Gleamis ageneral-purpose,concurrent,functionalhigh-levelprogramming languagethat compiles toErlangorJavaScriptsource code.[2][7][8]
Gleam is a statically-typed language,[9]which is different from the most popular languages that run on Erlang’s virtual machineBEAM,ErlangandElixir. Gleam has its own type-safe implementa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleam_(programming_language) |
This is a list ofacademic conferencesincomputer science. Only conferences with separate articles are included; within each field, the conferences are listed alphabetically by their short names.
Conferences accepting a broad range of topics fromtheoretical computer science, includingalgorithms,data structures,computabi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computer_science_conferences |
This is a list ofacademic conferencesincomputer science, ordered by their acronyms or abbreviations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computer_science_conference_acronyms |
Incomputing,POSIX Threads, commonly known aspthreads, is anexecution modelthat exists independently from aprogramming language, as well as aparallel executionmodel. It allows aprogramto control multiple different flows of work that overlap in time. Each flow of work is referred to as athread, and creation and control... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX_Threads |
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