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Jenkki
Jenkki ("Yankee") is a Finnish chewing gum brand developed in 1951 by Huhtamäki. Nowadays Jenkki is in ownership of Cloetta.
In 1975 Jenkki introduced the first chewing gum in the world that included xylitol. Xylitol gum was invented in Turku, Finland. The xylitol was originally derived from birch trees. Nowadays Jenkki xylitol gum is available in numerous different flavours, including peppermint, spearmint, eucalyptus, lemon, tutti frutti, strawberry and salmiakki. | WIKI |
Demand for aluminium is coming from China and autos : CFO
Aluminium producer Norsk Hydro reported a rise in earnings in the second quarter on the back of rising prices and stronger demand for the metal. Underlying earnings, released earlier this week, rose 7.8 percent to 1,618 million Norwegian krona ($190 million) from the first quarter. The company forecast global aluminium demand to grow by 4 to 5 percent this year, but predicted demand from China could increase by as much as 5 to 7 percent due to unexpectedly higher activity. "China came in a little bit stronger than what we anticipated at the end of Q1, but we still see healthy demand in the U.S. and small upticks in Europe as well," Eivind Kallevik, CFO of Norsk Hydro, told CNBC. According to Kallevik, one reason for rising aluminium prices is increasing demand from the autos industry, which can use the metal to build lighter cars in order to meet carbon emissions standards. "There's clear demand growth from the automotive side due to the fact of regulations," he said. "Whether you talk about normal combustion engine-driven cars or electrical cars, the growth factor for aluminium remains good." Follow CNBC International on and Facebook. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Partition Recovery™
An expert tool for recovering lost partitions
An expert tool for recovering lost partitions
Workable hints on how to deal with ntoskml.exe is missing error
In this article you will find out:
• what are the causes of this error
• diskpart commands
• how to protect your data
Are you ready? Let's read!
What are the causes of this error
System file ntoskrnl.exe is responsible for various services, such as hardware virtualization, process and memory management, etc. After the main boot and hardware detection routines, run the NTLDR and NTDETECT boot files, then the control of the boot process is transferred to ntoskrnl.exe. The operating system then receives a boot command. Therefore, if the ntoskrnl.exe file is missing or damaged, the download process stops.
This can happen for the following reasons:
• An incorrect configuration of the boot.ini file, as a result of which the Windows boot loader will try to boot Windows from the wrong disk. Incorrect loading of Boot.ini can occur due to poorly installed software, Windows updates, viruses, etc.
• Damaged boot volume due to unsafe shutdowns, power surges, unsafe removal of local or external drive, etc.
• Corrupted or deleted ntoskrnl.exe as a result of the improper shutdown, damaged NTFS / FAT32 volume, failed Windows updates, etc.
• Keyboard behavior in older computers that use a keyboard connected to the PC via a serial interface. In this case, the system may misinterpret the device's mapped memory, which leads to boot problems like this one.
• Lack of organic drivers for the hard disk controller results in no access to the Windows system files in the main section. This picture can be observed in case of unsuccessful driver update, hardware configuration changes, and hard disk in BIOS.
How to fix this error?
1. Replace wrong boot.ini
To do this, insert the Windows CD, restart your computer, and press any key to boot from the CD when prompted.
Next, enter your administrator password and press Enter to continue.
Now type:
bootcfg / rebuild, after pressing Enter, it will scan your computer for installed copies of Windows.
You will receive a message similar to this:
Total identified Windows installations: 1
[1] C: \ Windows
Add installation to download list? (Yes/ No / All)
Press the Y key, and you get the following message:
Enter the load ID
Do it, for example:
Enter the boot ID: Windows XP Professional
Next, you can get the following request:
Enter the OS boot parameters, then enter / fastdetect and press Enter and then restart your computer.
2. Restore the previous system statement
So, now let's start with a regular restart of the computer, and as soon as you see the screen with the manufacturer's logo or with information about the system, quickly start pressing F8 several times. As a result, you should get to the boot options menu.
Here, you need to choose Last Known Good Configuration (optional) and wait for your computer to boot successfully.
3. You need a new file
This method will definitely require a boot disk, and you will reboot the system using this disk.
Next, press any key to boot, and when the options screen appears, press R to launch the Recovery Console.
Once you enter the administrator password, you will be taken to the command prompt, then enter the following command:
expand E: \ i386 \ ntoskrnl.ex_ D: \ Windows \ system32 \
note: E: \ is the letter of your CD and D: \ - the letter of the drive on which you installed Windows.
To overwrite the file, you need to press the Y key and then press Enter to send the command.
After rebooting the system, you will no longer see the “ntoskrnl.exe missing” error.
4. Run CHKDSK carefully
If the boot or system partition is damaged, the "windows root system32 ntoskrnl.exe" error can be fixed using CHKDSK, which will check the files and data on the disk.
Boot from the Windows installation disk and go to the command line as described in the above methods.
Now type just one simple command:
CHKDSK /r
After the CHKDSK process finishes, pay attention to any warnings that CHKDSK displays.
You should also understand that using CHKDSK is a great tool for checking and fixing system errors. Still, it does not bother at all about the recoverable data on the disk (it mercilessly cuts it into 512 MB without the possibility of subsequent recovery). Thus, you first need to recover deleted data and only then deal with fixing system errors.
Therefore, you first need to download the shareware professional data recovery application Partition Recovery. The program uses a deep disk scanning system and can recover a large amount of information (up to 1 PB of music, documents, images, videos, etc.) The application works even with damaged file systems (converts them if necessary), including HFS, NTFS, XFS, Ext2 / 3/4, ReiserFS, FAT12, ReFS, Reiser4, etc. There is a free, fully-functional trial version of the application that you can download right now and view the research results for free.
After downloading DiskInternals Partition Recovery, proceed to the process of recovering data from the desired partition or disk.
Disk Recovery Wizard will launch automatically.
Then click on the disk and select the program mode (in your case, full recovery will be most useful).
Now, after scanning, select the file you want, press Ctrl + P, and view it, as promised, for free.
Related articles
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Pyromorpha
Pyromorpha is a genus of moths of the family Zygaenidae. Currently species are found in North and Central America.
Species
* Pyromorpha caelebs Blanchard, 1972
* Pyromorpha centralis (Walker, 1854)
* Pyromorpha contermina (H. Edwards, 1884)
* Pyromorpha correbioides (Felder, 1874)
* Pyromorpha dimidiata Herrich-Schäffer, [1854] – orange-patched smoky moth
* Pyromorpha fusca H. Edwards, 1884
* Pyromorpha josialis (Druce, 1885)
* Pyromorpha marginata (H. Edwards, 1884)
* Pyromorpha martenii (French, 1883)
* Pyromorpha mexicana (Druce, 1884)
* Pyromorpha morio (Druce, 1885)
* Pyromorpha radialis (Walker, [1865])
* Pyromorpha rata (H. Edwards, 1882)
* Pyromorpha thyesta (Druce, 1884)
* Pyromorpha timon (Druce, 1885) | WIKI |
Page:Maud Howe - Atlanta in the South.djvu/19
first time that he wore evening-dress. His linen was crushed and tumbled, and as he buttoned his over-coat closer across his breast, the doctor's eye caught a dark-red stain on the shirt.
"The affair took place this morning?"
"Yes; I drove out from the ball."
The man was going. Rondelet made a struggle to free himself from this mystery into which he was being forced against his will.
"Monsieur, neither you nor Robert Feuardent have the right to ask this thing of me. Your name I do not even know. I refuse to be accessory to this affair. You must have had some other practitioner upon the field."
"A mere boy, who has lost his nerve and insists upon a consultation with some one less unskilled and timid than himself."
Philip flushed, and his visitor, with a formal bow, vanished.
"Till a quarter past six," he called from the lower hall.
The two men had begun their conversation in English, but had quickly lapsed into French, after the manner of their kind under all strong excitements.
To these people, with whom the two languages are spoken indifferently from the cradle, the Latin tongue is the natural expression of all strong emotions. | WIKI |
Gimbweiler
Gimbweiler is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Birkenfeld, whose seat is in the like-named town.
Location
The municipality lies on the Mörschbach in the Schwarzwälder Hochwald (forest) in the Hunsrück, on the boundary with the Saarland.
Constituent communities
Also belonging to Gimbweiler is the outlying homestead of Heidehof.
History
The oldest forms of Gimbweiler's name are Gumbweiler (1397), Gompwiler (1480) and Gympwiler (1480). Gimbweiler may be of Roman origin, as the now vanished hamlet of Frudesweiler may have been, too, but this cannot be proved.
Gimbweiler's history unfolded much like neighbouring Wolfersweiler's (nowadays an outlying centre of Nohfelden). Gimbweiler always belonged to that village's high court and parish, while the lords through the Middle Ages were the Bishops of Verdun, the Counts of Veldenz, then (1444) the Counts Palatine of Zweibrücken and their line.
In the 13th century, the Lords of Oberstein tried to gain a foothold in the villages that lay between Wolfersweiler and Baumholder. They renewed these attempts in the centuries that followed, bolstered by their enfeoffments from the Duchy of Lorraine.
The Obersteins had had holdings in Gimbweiler from days of yore. The Veldenzes and the Zweibrückens, though, held some lordly rights and ownership, too, jealously guarding and forcefully expanding them. In 1397, for instance, Count Friedrich von Veldenz bought from the Lords of Broich, besides landholdings, interests and rights at Eckelnhusen (Eckelhausen, nowadays an outlying centre of Nohfelden), Hanwilre (Hahnweiler), and Moysberg, an estate and some paupers at Gumpwiler.
After 1432, Gimbweiler and Frudesweiler, along with the neighbouring villages of Freisen, Hoppstädten, Hahnweiler and Reitscheid (nowadays an outlying centre of Freisen), belonged to the Obersteins’ great Lotharingian fief; the enfeoffment document laying out this arrangement was first put into force in this year, and was continually renewed until 1667. The Lotharingians, as well as their fiefholders, the Obersteins, always held on to their claims to Gimbweiler, even after the Oberstein-Falkensteins further enfeoffed the Lord of Schillards of Feigniss with the village in 1599. In reality, however, Palatinate-Zweibrücken hegemony over Gimbweiler was not questioned.
In Napoleonic times, Gimbweiler and neighbouring Wolfersweiler belonged to the Mairie (“Mayoralty”) of Nohfelden, which in turn belonged to the canton of Baumholder.
In 1640, it seems that Frudesweiler was still in existence, but by 1740, the historical record reports that it was in decay. The people of Gimbweiler and Weiersbach exercised grazing rights here, the legal disputes over which continued into the 19th century. The question was settled with a compromise: Weiersbach got two fifths of Frudesweiler's area, mostly woodland, while the other three fifths, mostly cropland and meadow, went to Gimbweiler.
Religion
Most of the residents belong to the Wolfersweiler Evangelical Church.
Municipal council
The council is made up of 8 council members, who were elected by majority vote at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.
Mayors
* 1947–1961 Emil Schweig
* 1961–1970 Willy Jungblut
* 1971–1990 Manfred Wommer (SPD)
* 1990–2004 Walter Kreulich (SPD)
* 2004– Martin Samson
Walter Kreulich was the first mayor to be elected by direct vote by Gimbweiler's voters. Gimbweiler's current mayor is Martin Samson, and his deputies are Günter Bruch and Gerd Linn.
Coat of arms
The German blazon reads: In geteiltem Schild oben in Gold fünf bewurzelte grüne Bäume, von denen der zweite und der vierte die anderen überragen, unten ein rotbewehrter, -gezungter und -gekrönter wachsender goldener Löwe in Schwarz.
The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per fess Or five trees eradicated in fess vert, the second and fourth taller, and sable issuant from base a demilion Or armed, langued and crowned gules.
The tree charge above the line of partition is an heraldic representation of the beech trees in the municipal area, while the lower charge is a reference to the village's former allegiance to the Duchy of Palatinate-Zweibrücken.
The arms have been borne since 17 February 1965.
Buildings
The following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate’s Directory of Cultural Monuments:
* Hauptstraße 12 – stately Quereinhaus (a combination residential and commercial house divided for these two purposes down the middle, perpendicularly to the street), latter half of the 19th century
Economy and infrastructure
The municipality’s economy was characterized until the 1960s by agricultural operations.
Road
Affording Gimbweiler good links to the log-distance road network are Bundesstraße 41 (an east-west link between Mainz and Saarbrücken), Bundesstraße 269 (between Bernkastel-Kues and Saarlouis) and the Autobahn A 62 (Kaiserslautern–Trier), which is the most important north-south link. Furthermore, the Hunsrückhöhenstraße (“Hunsrück Heights Road”, Bundesstraße 327, a scenic road across the Hunsrück built originally as a military road on Hermann Göring’s orders), and thereby Frankfurt-Hahn Airport too, can easily be reached on Bundesstraße 269 (50 km). Running five times each day between Frankfurt-Hahn Airport and Birkenfeld is a bus service.
Rail
Gimbweiler is linked to the railway network by the station at Neubrücke, an outlying centre of Hoppstädten-Weiersbach, 3 km away. This station, on the Nahe Valley Railway (Bingen–Saarbrücken), is 45 minutes from Saarbrücken and less than two hours from Frankfurt.
Education
Since 1996, a Fachhochschule campus has been established on what was once the grounds of a United States military hospital in the neighbouring municipality of Hoppstädten-Weiersbach. The Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld, being a location of the Trier University of Applied Sciences (Fachhochschule Trier), contributes strongly to the Birkenfeld region's economic development.
Sport and leisure
Among sport facilities is, among other things, a field used by the local sport club. | WIKI |
List of Syrian cheeses
This is a list of cheeses from the eastern Mediterranean region of West Asia known as the Levant.
Due to the extensive history of livestock and agricultural domestication in the area since ancient times, nations in the Levant share highly similar foods, particularly dairy products like cheese. There are several traditional varieties of cheese most commonly found throughout the Levant, including ackawi, baladi, jibneh arabieh, jibneh mshallale, nabulsi, and surke.
Types of cheese
Some of the most common types of cheese from the Levant are:
Akkawi
Akkawi (also called akawi, akkawi, and akawieh) is a white cheese with a complex flavor. It is an Arab Palestinian cheese originating from the Palestinian port town of Akka, today known as Acre, Israel (Akka in Arabic). This cheese is commonly made using pasteurized cow's milk but can be made with goat or sheep's milk. It is produced on a large scale in Israel, Jordan, Syria and Palestine.
Baladi
Baladi cheese is a soft-white, smooth, creamy cheese with a mild flavour, usually spread on fresh bread or crackers and most often eaten for breakfast or snacks.
Baladi cheese is fresh, traditionally unpasteurized, and uncultured and is made with a mixture of goat, cow and sheep's milk. Its diverse microflora, high moisture, uncultured, and unpasteurized nature tend to limit shelf life to three days.
Jibneh Arabieh
Jibneh Arabieh (Arabic for "Arab cheese") is also referred to as jibneh baida ("white cheese"). It is found throughout the Middle East and is particularly popular in Egypt and Eastern Arabia. It is a fresh cheese with a milky quality, a pronounced saltiness, medium-firmness, and excellent meltability. It can also be boiled before eating. While the product originated with Bedouins using goat or sheep milk, the current practice is to use cow's milk and to add mahleb, a spice ground from pits of the Prunus mahaleb cherry for a "slightly salty, sweet and nutty” flavor. Jibneh Arabieh is used for cooking or simply as a table cheese.
Majdoule
Majdoule (or, madjoul) means “braided” in Arabic. It is a salty white string cheese made up of thick strands braided together.
Nabulsi
Nabulsi is a semi-hard cheese that is sometimes called by its Palestinian dessert name, kenafa, or kunafeh. It has a dense texture and melts easily. This cheese can be either salted or unsalted and is made from pasteurized milk from sheep, goats, or camels. It is also used as a base for other sweet-cheese desserts.
Shelal
Shelal (also known as mshalshe) is a salty, white string cheese made up of strands woven together. It is typically consumed in Lebanon and Syria.
Surke
Surke (also called sorke or shanklish) is a mature cheese made with spices and generally presented as balls covered in za'tar orchile powder or other dry herbs (thyme, oregano, garlic, and/or chili pepper). It is most often eaten as a starter dish with tomato, oil, and sometimes onion.
Jibneh Mshallale
Jibneh mshallale (or, tresse cheese) is a form of string cheese originating in Syria. It is a fresh cheese, typically made from a combination of milks from cows, sheep, or goats.
Turkomani
Turkomani (also known as Türkmen) is a soft, porous cheese with a delicate flavor that can be consumed fresh or aged in bags made from animal skins. It can be made with non-fat cow’s milk or sheep’s milk.
Rather than emphasizing ethnic affiliation, Türkmen was a general term that historically referred to the lifestyle of nomadic peoples across Western and Central Asia during the Ottoman Empire. | WIKI |
245 Vera
Vera (minor planet designation: 245 Vera) is a large Main belt asteroid. It was discovered by N. R. Pogson on February 6, 1885, in Madras, and was named at the suggestion of his wife. The asteroid is orbiting the Sun at a distance of $79.5 km$ with a period of 1998.5 days and an eccentricity (ovalness) of 0.19. The orbital plane is tilted at an angle of 5.16° to the plane of the ecliptic. In 1890, Daniel Kirkwood noted that this asteroid shares similar orbital elements with 86 Semele and 106 Dione.
Photometric measurements of this asteroid made during 1980–1981 were used to produce a light curve that demonstrated a rotation period of $0.208$ with a brightness variation of $3.11 AU$ in magnitude. It is classified as a stony S-type asteroid in the Tholen system. The asteroid has an estimated diameter of $14.38 hours$ based on near infrared observations. | WIKI |
Arthur Peel (disambiguation)
Arthur Peel, 1st Viscount Peel (1829–1912) was a British politician, Speaker of the House of Commons.
Arthur Peel may also refer to:
* Arthur Peel, 2nd Earl Peel (1901–1969), British peer
* Sir Arthur Peel (diplomat) (1861–1952), British envoy to Thailand, Brazil and Bulgaria
* George Peel (Arthur George Villiers Peel, 1869–1956), British Member of Parliament and writer on politics and economics | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jeremy Wyatt
The result was Delete. Rjd0060 (talk) 17:45, 19 May 2008 (UTC)
Jeremy Wyatt
* ( [ delete] ) – (View AfD) (View log)
I'm not sure that the subject of this article is notable and the references listed don't seem to help the case for notability at all. I also don't seem to see any information about this person when I search online, but I may just not be doing a good job of looking. If someone else can find more info, please do. Thanks. Rnb (talk) 04:26, 14 May 2008 (UTC)
* Delete - The prose and layout can easily be cleaned up but unfortunately there is nothing I can find which you make the subject notable enough for an article at this time. -- EhsanQ (talk) 04:39, 14 May 2008 (UTC)
* Please dont delete artists on here they shape culture among the masses. Most Artists dont achieve any of this until they die . I own a 1930 painting by American Artist Sela Paisley valued at over $15,000 and you'll probably never find anything from her online either, we are still in the fetal ages of the internet. Please leave everything posted on here alone for the future masses. Dont delete this page for my elementary page design skills ! Thanks! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Frankie Babylon (talk • contribs) The unsigned comment was added while blanking the rest of the discussion page. Restored by -- saberwyn 04:57, 14 May 2008 (UTC)
* Keeping this article is not a matter of design or spreading the truth. The contents of the article must be proven/verifiable through the use of reliable, in-depth sources discussing the subject. You might want to look at Wikipedia's policies on verifiability, reliable sources, and the guidelines for inclusion in relation to notability of biographies, specifically for still-living persons. Also, repeatedly blanking the discussion page and pasting a plea to "shape culture among the masses" will not paint you in a favourable light with other users. -- saberwyn 05:05, 14 May 2008 (UTC)
* Delete as a patent hoax. ("Destroyed in the chipmunk fire"?). Could probably be A7'd but may as well let the AFD run. — iride scent 05:20, 14 May 2008 (UTC)
* Delete. non notable.--Celtus (talk) 05:34, 14 May 2008 (UTC)
* Delete either as a hoax or non-notable. DGG (talk) 08:50, 14 May 2008 (UTC)
* Delete. No sources anywhere, the three links in the article have nothing to do with the subject. Almso certainly a hoax:"He has been spotted there on several saturday afternoons high on medicinal marijuana soaking up the sun on his stretch beach cruiser." Yeah, right. Somebody is trying make a joke, not very successfully. Nsk92 (talk) 15:23, 14 May 2008 (UTC)
* Speedy Delete - WP:MADEUP, WP:OR, no WP:RS, fails WP:BIO and is very likely a WP:HOAX etc...etc....so tagged.--Pmedema (talk) 17:38, 14 May 2008 (UTC)
* Note Speedy tag removed by User:Wknight94 stating "rm speedy. Let's let the AFD run". --Pmedema (talk) 14:58, 15 May 2008 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Authors-related deletion discussions. -- Fabrictramp (talk) 22:15, 14 May 2008 (UTC)
* Delete moronic. JuJube (talk) 03:22, 15 May 2008 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Visual arts-related deletions. – David Eppstein (talk) 03:50, 16 May 2008 (UTC)
* Delete It's hard to get less notable than this. Edward321 (talk) 05:01, 16 May 2008 (UTC)
* Speedy delete WP:CSD, absolutely no assertion of notability. A lot of notable people are mentioned in the article but their connection with Wyatt is tenuous to nonexistent and in any case notability is not determined by how many famous people one has a connection with. —David Eppstein (talk) 17:17, 16 May 2008 (UTC)
* comment It does seem to be very hard to include contemporary artists and other people associated with art on wikipedia unless they have been in the New York Times. An artist can be very notable in the mainstream art community but not considered notable by the general public and I think that has caused a lot of great content to be booted from this site. However, I've not seen any additions to this bio that warrant a keep vote. It can be even harder for people notable in the underground art scene. I'm not going to vote yet. I'm going to give the person working on it a chance to cite more information. Has this artist been mentioned in any underground art publications? (Roodhouse1 (talk) 03:53, 19 May 2008 (UTC))
* Delete per nom...Modernist (talk) 17:14, 19 May 2008 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Public Service Union of Belize
The Public Service Union of Belize is a trade union representing public sector workers in Belize.
The union was founded in 1922 as a professional organisation, named the Civil Service Association. In the early 1960s, it renamed itself as the Public Officers Union, expanding its membership to include workers in state enterprises, and also workers in privatised industries. It transformed itself into a trade union, and campaigned against the orientation of the country towards Central America, rather than the Caribbean, or the possibility of it becoming a one-party state under the People's United Party.
In 1966, the union organised a sit-down strike against a customs union with Guatemala, which it viewed as a step towards the absorption of Belize by that country.
The union survived, and was later affiliated with the National Trade Union Congress of Belize. | WIKI |
Fermo Camellini
Fermo Camellini (7 December 1914 – 27 August 2010) was an Italian-French road bicycle racer who became a naturalized French citizen on 8 October 1948. He won the Paris–Nice in 1946 and the Flèche Wallonne in 1948, as well as two stages at the 1947 Tour de France. He also wore the pink jersey as leader of the general classification during three stages of 1946 Giro d'Italia. He was born in Scandiano, Reggio Emilia.
Major results
* 1937
* GP Guillamont
* Nice - La Turbie
* 1938
* Nice - Annot - Nice
* Circuit des Alpes
* 1939
* Alès
* Circuit des Maures Toulon
* Circuit du Mont Ventoux
* GP Côte d'Azur
* Ronde du Gard
* Tour du Vaucluse
* 1940
* Nice
* 1941
* Circuit du Mont Ventoux
* La Turbie
* Nice-Mont Chauve
* Prix d'Amberieu
* Saint-Chamond
* 1942
* GP Haute Savoie
* 1944
* GP de Cagnes sur Mer
* 1945
* Circuit du Limousin
* GP Côte d'Azur
* GP de Provence
* GP Nice
* Trophée International du Sud-Ouest
* Paris-Reims
* 1946
* A Travers Lausanne
* Nice - Mont Agel
* Four Days of Switzerland
* Paris–Nice
* 1947
* Lausanne
* Tour de France:
* Winner stage 8 and 10
* 7th place overall classification
* 1948
* GP de l'Echo d'Oran
* La Flèche Wallonne
* Tour de France:
* 8th place overall classification
* 1950
* Pau | WIKI |
Page:The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 20.djvu/260
252 Reviews and Literary Notices. [August, REVIEWS AND LITERARY NOTICES. Early and Late Papers, hitherto uncollected. By WILLIAM MAKEPEACE THACKERAY. Boston : Ticknor and Fields. IT appears to us tlat the graceful art of Thackeray was never more happily em- ployed than in the first paper of this series. The " Memorials of Gormandizing " fs a record of thrilling interest, and every good dinner described has the effect upon the reader of a felicitous drama. He goes from course to course, as from act to act of the play ; he is agonized with suspense con- cerning the fate of the dishes, as if they were so many heroes and heroines ; if the steak is not justly cooked, it shall give him almost as great heart-break as a dis- appointment of lovers ; when all is fortu- nately ended, he takes a long breath, as when the curtain falls upon the picture of the united young people, the relenting uncle, and the baffled villain. As good as a novel ? There are mighty few novels that have so much of life and human nature in them as that simple and affecting history, given in this book, of a dinner at the Cafe de Foy, in Paris. But they make one hungry with an inappeasable appetite, these " Memorials of Gormandizing," bringing to mind all the beautiful dinners eaten in Latin countries, and filling the heart with longing for the hotels that look out on the Louvre at Paris, the Villa Reale at Naples,* the Venetian sunsets, the Arno at Florence, and even for the railway restaurants which so en- chantingly diversify the flat, monotonous, and desolate Flemish landscape. We travel with Mr. Titmarsh to Bruges, Ghent, and Antwerp, through the latter region, and we enjoy every one of those " Roadside Sketches," so delicate, so unerr- ing, and so suggestive. Thackeray is a de- lightful traveller ; for he, who can talk more wisely of old clothes than most preachers of eternity, gets out of the nothings that tourists see the very life and spirit of a country. Here is something also about modern art and pictures in England and France, which comes as near not at all bor- ing as anything of that nature can ; but we find the account of " Dickens in France " so much more attractive, that we shall al- ways read it by preference hereafter. For this is a book to be read many times by those loving to feel the conscious felicity of a writer who knows that every sentence shall happily express his mind, and succeed in winning the reader to the next. The security is tacit in the earlier papers here reprinted ; in the later ones it is more de- clared, and becomes somewhat careless, though it can never beget slovenliness. It appears to this great master that what he does so easily can scarcely be worth doing, and he mocks his own facility. The spirit of the book is the same throughout. It is not different from that of Thackeray's other books, and it is that of a man too sensible of his own love of the advantages he enjoys from the existing state of things ever to assail, with any great earnestness of purpose, the errors and ab- surdities of the world, who trusted, for example, in one of his essays, never to be guilty of speaking harshly either of the South or North of America, since friends in both sections had offered him equally good claret. He is forever first in his art ; and if we do not expect too much from him, he gives us so much that we must rejoice over every line of his preserved for our perusal.
is no great while since Miss Peck proved to her own satisfaction her claim to what Mr. Morse would style the “maternity” of “Nothing to Wear,” and now hardly has Judge Holmes of Missouri determined that the paternity of Shakespeare is due to Bacon, when the friends of Mr. Ball of New Jersey spring another trouble upon mankind by declaring him the author of Mrs. Akers’s very graceful and touching poem, “Rock me to Sleep, Mother,” which we all know by heart. In the present pamphlet they give what evidence they can in Mr. Ball’s behalf, and, to tell the truth, it is not much. It appears from this and other sources that Mr. Ball is a person of independent property, and a member of the New | WIKI |
Page:The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787 Volume 3.djvu/229
or erecting a new State, even without the approbation of the legislature of such States, within whose jurisdiction the new State should be erected; and for this purpose I submitted to the convention the following proposition: “That, on the application of the inhabitants of any district of territory, within the limits of any of the States, it shall be lawful for the legislature of the United States, if they shall under all circumstances think it reasonable, to erect the same into a new State, and admit it into the Union, without the consent of the State of which the said district may be a part.” And it was said, that we surely might trust the general government with this power with more propriety than with many others, with which they were proposed to be intrusted; and that, as the general government was bound to suppress all insurrections and commotions, which might arise on this subject, it ought to be in the power of the general government to decide upon it, and not in the power of the legislature of a single State, by obstinately and unreasonably opposing the erection of a new State, to prevent its taking effect, and thereby extremely to oppress that part of its citizens which live remote from, and inconvenient to, the seat of its government, and even to involve the Union in war to support its injustice and oppression. But, upon the vote being taken, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts were in the negative. New Hampshire, Connecticut, Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland, were in the affirmative. New York was absent.
[] That it was inconsistent with the rights of free and independent States, to have their territory dismembered without their consent, was the principal argument used by the opponents of this proposition. The truth of the objection we readily admitted, but at the same time insisted, that it was not more inconsistent with the rights of free and independent States, than that inequality of suffrage and power which the large States had extorted from the others; and that, if the smaller States yielded up their rights in that instance, they were entitled to demand from the States of extensive territory a surrender of their rights in this instance; and in a particular manner, as it was equally necessary for the true interest and happiness of the citizens of their own States, as of the Union. But, Sir, although, when the large States demanded undue and improper sacrifices to be made to their pride and ambition, they treated the rights of free States with more contempt, than ever a British Parliament treated the rights of her colonial establishments; yet, when a reasonable and necessary sacrifice was asked from them, they spurned the idea with ineffable disdain. They then perfectly understood the full value and the sacred obligation of State rights, and at the least attempt | WIKI |
Palissya
Palissya is an extinct form genus of female (ovule-bearing) conifer cones, known from the Late Triassic (Rhaetian) to the Early Cretaceous (Aptian). The cone of Palissya is noted for its unusual catkin-like construction: Slender bracts (modified leaves) are rigidly attached in a helical pattern around a tall woody core. The adaxial (upper) surface of each bract bears two parallel rows of ovules which are encased in cup-like structures formed by scales. The seeds are thin-walled and were likely only viable for a short period of time, meaning that they were probably adapted to wind dispersal.
Palissya has been considered in some aspects to be similar to some Paleozoic Voltziales, as well as Taxaceae and Podocarpaceae. Most leaves assigned to the genus do not belong to the same plant as the conifer cone. Palissya specimens from the Middle Jurassic of Yorkshire are associated with Elatocladus-like leaves. Several Australasian species with fragile cones were referred to the separate genus Knezourocarpon, though some were later moved back into Palissya. Other related cone genera include Stachyotaxus, Metridiostrobus, and Compsostrobus, all from the Late Triassic of the Northern Hemisphere.
True specimens of Palissya first appeared in the Northern Hemisphere during the latest Triassic (Rhaetian) and spread to Eastern Gondwana (modern Australia, New Zealand, and Antarctica) during the Middle Jurassic. The youngest known records of Palissya in the Northern Hemisphere are from the Middle Jurassic, but Palissya persisted in Eastern Gondwana into the Early Cretaceous, with the youngest records being from the Aptian.
Species
After | WIKI |
Pursuing truth: An interview with CBS News' John Dickerson – HS Insider
In 2015, John Dickerson, at that time the political director for CBS News, took over as moderator of CBS' flagship Sunday political show Face the Nation when veteran political journalist Bob Schieffer retired from the position, which Schieffer had held for over two decades. It was a high point of a career decades in the making, and an occasion befitting a son carrying on the legacy of his mother Nancy Dickerson, a pioneering political journalist who managed to succeed as a female in a male-dominated TV broadcasting world. Not many people are as successful as Dickerson is– at age 49 he is not only the moderator of Face the Nation and chief Washington correspondent for CBS News, but also the author of two books, On Her Trail and Whistlestop, a contributor to The Political Gabfest, and a contributor to The Atlantic. He is also involved in producing three different podcasts and has amassed a social media following of over two million. While Dickerson is best known for his clever and tough questioning of government officials from both parties that other journalists have nicknamed Dickersonian, in an email interview with HS Insider, he sheds light on his journey as well as the values and perspectives that drive his work and that he hopes viewers of his TV shows and listeners of his podcasts would take to heart. Growing up in a mansion in northern Virginia under the shadow of his mother and her famous friends within politics, Dickerson didn't think he would be following in his mother's footsteps. I never thought I would be here. I never thought I would be a journalist, actually. I thought I would be a professor of English or a lawyer, he explains. But once he started his reporting work, the passion for the work came along; he found that the things in history and English he loved were naturally woven in real-time into his work as a journalist. As an adolescent, he certainly didn't think that he would be moderator of Face the Nation decades after his mother was an associate producer on the same show. As he details in On Her Trail, for much of his childhood their relationship was distant and tense. He came to love, understand, and respect her in adulthood, but unfortunately the reconciliation was cut short by her passing from stroke complications. Mom is on my mind a lot, he reflected. Even now, 20 years after Nancy's passing, he still considers her an important influence. For him, an attribute about her that stands out is her diligence. She worked awfully hard and in a world where men wouldn't let women succeed. . .and yet she kept pressing on, he said. His journalism career spans six presidential campaigns and includes 12 years at Time magazine, including four as White House correspondent, before joining Slate, according to his CBS News about page. Along the way there have been many memorable milestones: reading his first byline over 20 years ago in 1993, interviewing a White House official for the first time, his first ride on Air Force One. Given Dickerson's extensive experiences reporting from the political world as well as the breadth of his reading of American history (often spotlighted on his Twitter and Instagram accounts), I wanted to discuss the values and perspectives that are a constant current underlying his reporting on the ever-shifting political winds and headlines. In the interview, despite the cynicism that pervades much of politics, Dickerson's journalistic ideals and ability to see the good in our nation shines through. While many are distrustful of politics for good reason, Dickerson is drawn to it because of our stakes in the American system as citizens. His years covering politics have not changed his perception of the ideals regarding the role of free press and journalists in our democracy that guide his work. If we are to self-govern a country of 300 million, he maintains, people have to be informed and take part in their government. Our responsibility [as journalists] is to help them participate in that system. Though public trust in the mainstream media is often quite low and prominent journalists like Dickerson frequently get troll comments on social media yelling biased or worse, what keeps him going in his work are the citizens who depend on what [journalists] do, who are hungry for answers and some sense of control about what's happening in their world. On a day-to-day basis, he sees the biggest challenge– especially in an era where we are overloaded with information and government officials can seem like they actively attempt to create drama in order to distract from unflattering headlines– as keeping [his journalistic team's] priorities straight. He doesn't want his pieces to fall prey to the temptation of clickbait; he always wants to make sure that he and his team does reporting on what is important and not a distraction. Another challenge to Dickerson and other political reporters stems from the nature of the Trump administration itself. [T]he president doesn't play by the old rules, particularly when it comes to sticking to the facts, he said. Every administration shades the truth and presents its story as they'd like to see it, but President Trump is testing the boundaries like no other modern president, and thus is keeping journalists busy digging at the truth more than ever. I was also curious to know how he manages to book so many politically powerful guests every week on Face the Nation, given their busy schedules and the temptation to hide politics behind closed doors rather than taking challenging questions from reporters. We get them to appear by being straightforward, honest and clear about our intentions, he answered, when I put that question to him. He sees that while the temptation to hide from the voting public exists, the beauty of a democracy is that politicians must still answer to voters and thus, cannot hide from their responsibility as elected officials forever. [If] they're serious and sober and want to make some progress in their public case, they'll come talk to us, Dickerson explained. While politics can be a polarizing subject ripe for cynicism, Dickerson has maintained an optimism that we can be better as a country in how we judge and treat others. He hopes to see, in general, a little more restraint and generosity of spirit in regards to politics. Don't always assume the worst. Assume the best and work from there, he says. He reminds us that while the standards of civility in our national dialogue and our treatment of each other seem to be a bar that is lowering all the time, those standards don't have to fall. He wants people to take on a wider perspective rather than succumbing to the temptation of judging everything from the perspective of our egos, saying that [w]e have endured [as a nation] because heroic people have maintained standards in the face of easier options, in the face of the lure of power and fame. If people were able to choose the high road historically, he maintains that we should be able to do it today, too. Once, in a Reddit Ask Me Anything, a commenter asked Dickerson to describe his political beliefs. Dickerson responded by listing universal values. I believe in kindness, sacrifice, idealism, generosity, reserving judgment, restraint, compassion. . .and that the worst thing about a person isn't the most true thing about them, he wrote. True to these values in the midst of an ever-increasingly partisan atmosphere, he wants to call our attention to the things that unite us despite our varying backgrounds and ideologies. We are all humans struggling with the same fears and hopes and dreams. We all want a safe world with opportunities for our kids and the freedom to pursue our passions with as few barriers as possible, he points out in the interview. We may disagree on many issues, but [t]hose common desires should be remembered in the middle of partisan warfare. Perhaps the principles that guide Dickerson's work and those that he hopes to see more of in the nation can be best summarized by a poetic tweet he posted last year. Before you act, listen, he wrote. Before [you] react, think // Before [you] criticize, wait // Before [you] pray, forgive // Before you quit, try. And finally, in an apparent reference to the nastiness that all too often is engendered online, [b]efore you Tweet, restrain. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account.( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Google+ account.( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Twitter account.( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Facebook account.( Log Out / Change ) Connecting to %s Notify me of new comments via email. Notify me of new posts via email. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. High School Insider enables students to post their stories on LATimes.com and report on issues that matter to them and their communities. Through HS Insider, students are provided the opportunity to join a network of more than 300 schools, attend conferences, apply for internships and reach thousands with their reporting. Interested in getting involved? Send an email to Molly.Heber@latimes.com. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
npm.devtool.tech
👏 You can access 04-proyecto-matematicas package with using 04ProyectoMatematicas variable in browser devtools!
Proyecto de matematicas sencillo para aprender NodeJS y subir a NPM
code/package/bundle size
0B
publish
0B
install
0B
bundle minified
0B
bundle gzipped
Operaciones matematicas
Modulo para realizar operaciones matematicas simples
Instalación
Seguir estas instrucciones
npm install proyecto-1a-matematicas
Uso
Seguir estas instrucciones
// Importar el modulo
const m = require('.');
// Sumas
console.log(m.suma(1,2)); => 3
console.log(m.suma(1,34)); => 35
// Restas
console.log(m.resta(11,24)); => -13
console.log(m.resta(1,2)); => -1
// Multiplicacion
console.log(m.multiplicacion(1,24)); => 24
console.log(m.multiplicacion(1,2)); => 2
// Division
console.log(m.division(1,4)); => 0.25
console.log(m.division(1,2)); => 0.5
🔎Explore Package🔎CDN Script
Score
Popularity0/100
Quality20/100
Maintenance6/100 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Port Miami Tunnel
Infobox
Here is an infobox I found that will fit; I was going to make one called "infobox construction project" or something.
* good reference, pro-tunnel with a lot of port history: http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/12/05/1957463/seaport-spending-raises-questions.html
Old tunnel length exact: http://www.fdotmiamidade.com/current-projects/north-miami-dade/port-of-miami-tunnel.html
Nearly a GA candidate now
This article is nothing like it was four months ago. And there will be a lot more as it develops. Flagler Logistics hub http://www.miamitodaynews.com/news/110310/story7.shtml
* April 5th, 31,977 and 40 refs
* May 24, 40,940 and 54 refs
Change in 395-A1A designations?
Since the idea of the tunnel is to boast a direct interstate connection to the port, one must assume that the tunnel and therefore the first hump of the MacArthur causeway will become part of 395, whereas now it becomes A1A just before the bridge. Another interesting fact is that it will be the lowest point in the interstate highway system if it really does reach -120, I have heard other lesser depths mentioned. Daniel Christensen (talk) 05:12, 30 October 2011 (UTC)
* Hrm. Intriguing. Must research further. - The Bushranger One ping only 23:57, 30 October 2011 (UTC)
Definitely original research/speculation. But as a counterpoint: extending I-395 would require FDOT to ban bikes from that part of the causeway, where they are currently allowed (notwithstanding temporary construction restrictions). --NE2 08:35, 23 May 2014 (UTC)
Florida State Road A1A
The article says that the tunnel will be part of SR A1A. How is that possible? The current way of A1A is over MacArthur Causeway, isn't it? That doesn't seem to be compatible, since there is only access from Miami to the tunnel. Regards, Dionysos1988 (talk) 07:54, 19 March 2013 (UTC)
* According to the new signs on the MacArthur eastbound from 95 it wil recieve a unique designation as Florida State Road 887 User:B137 (talk)
I don't get this sentence
"Although a tunnel connecting the Port of Miami to Watson Island was first proposed in the 1980s, when the House rejected President Ronald Reagan's attempt to veto the bill to conduct a premilinary[sic] study and called it a 'pork-barrel' project..." So Reagan attempted to veto it, and the House overrode the veto while calling it a porker? Did something get messed up when this sentence became a run-on? --NE2 08:39, 23 May 2014 (UTC)
Updating post-opening
Nearly entire article is written as if tunnel hasn't opened.
Furthermore, "Railroad access" and "Deep Dredge/Panama Canal expansion" are out-of-date and need to include info about their current state.
The port's name is PortMiami (no space between "Port" & "Miami"), so I would think that the official name of the tunnel would reflect the orthography of the port's name (ie. "PortMiami Tunnel", not "Port Miami Tunnel"). The project's website is unclear: the logo looks like there's no space, but in prose the name includes a space (there are still many spots where the name is still given as "Port of Miami Tunnel"). Once the correct orthography is determined, the article needs to reflect the name change.
Those are the straightforward updates. Since the tunnel is now open, the rationale/benefits and criticism/concerns for the project need to be placed in context now that it is complete (and didn't become a boondoggle) and should be organized into a section or as subsection of "History". The "Deep Dredge/Panama Canal expansion" section goes into far too much detail about that project. Most of that stuff belongs in the Port of Miami Deep Dredge Project article, with the link being changed from "See also" to "Further information" and the content boiled down to "The Panama Canal is being expanded and so the capacity of PortMiami is being expanded with the Deep Dredge Project. More traffic in/out would mean more trucks through downtown, therefore justifying the tunnel." There's no need for the history of the Army Corps of Engineers dredging the channel deeper or that they're installing bigger gantry cranes.
I'm the type of editor that would typically try to make corrections myself, but this article is so thoroughly out-of-date that I'm just going to place the update template for now (sorry) and also await feedback from others regarding the content changes suggested in the preceding paragraph. AHeneen (talk) 08:24, 14 October 2014 (UTC)
* I've sent an email to FDOT (through "Contact us" form on tunnel website) asking for the official name of the tunnel (PortMiami Tunnel or Port Miami Tunnel). AHeneen (talk) 19:03, 15 October 2014 (UTC)
* One of the key issues is the breakup of the billion dollars, the numbers given were estimates did it turn out exactly like that? That's pretty specific information to find. Most of the rest is just simple prose or at most section rearranging. B137 (talk) 19:27, 15 October 2014 (UTC)
* Yes, the article needs to be updated with final financial figures. I've trimmed the Deep Dredge section of irrelevant information as mentioned above. AHeneen (talk) 21:09, 15 October 2014 (UTC)
* A big issue with the references is that Herald articles always expire and I don't believe they are publicly archived anywhere, let alone for free, leaving many dead links. B137 (talk) 22:48, 15 October 2014 (UTC)
* It's OK to cite newspaper articles (and other sources) that are not available online: Offline sources. --NE2 01:24, 16 October 2014 (UTC)
* The article has been significantly updated so I went ahead and removed the tag. One key piece of information remaining would be a more recent traffic estimate. The first month could be expected to be low. Even Google Maps still occasionally does not recognize it as a route. B137 (talk) 23:20, 18 October 2014 (UTC)
* I agree, but that's the only traffic count I could find. The article date is September 24 and a few other webpages that mention the tunnel traffic count cite that article. The tunnel website's press releases page is empty (and there's no traffic data on the related subpages) and the FDOT Miami-Dade (District 6) press releases page hasn't posted anything about the tunnel since June. The Miami Today editor may have contacted FDOT directly to get the traffic count, since it doesn't appear that the traffic count has been published online by any 'official' source. So I presume that the August traffic count will have to suffice for now. Maybe someone reading this in a few months can search the web for a newer traffic count. FDOT has a web portal to view traffic counts throughout the state which is updated annually in April, so after April 2015 someone can look up the traffic count through that link. AHeneen (talk) 00:03, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
KML file
Does this article need a KML file? If so, I can create one. I'm wondering this because many roadway articles like this utilize Attached KML. However, as this tunnel is short, I don't want to create the KML if it's unnecessary. Epicgenius (talk) 22:37, 16 November 2014 (UTC)
* I'm not much of a code guy, so I looked at the Big Dig article, which apparently has a KML with the parameter =title but I don't see what exactly it is. B137 (talk) 00:44, 17 November 2014 (UTC)
* The KML file will show a map overlaid over the maps at http://www.google.com/maps or http://www.bing.com/maps. For Massachusetts Turnpike, for example, it will show up like this. In this case, the attached KML file will combine several different coordinate points to make a line that can be placed over the default Google or Bing map to show the route of this tunnel, or any other roadway for that matter. I can create the file at Template:Attached KML/Port Miami Tunnel and put the Attached KML code in the External Links section, so that links to Google and Bing will show up at the top of the page, where the coordinates link is now. Let me know if that's OK. Epicgenius (talk) 03:20, 17 November 2014 (UTC)
* I'm not familiar with the guidelines for road articles, so I can't say whether this article needs a KML file. However, I think it would be useful. If you want to create one and add it to this article, that's fine. You can use the image at right for the path (in public domain); a couple zoomed in images are available here (also public domain). AHeneen (talk) 03:32, 17 November 2014 (UTC)
* Thanks for these resources. I believe (but can't say for sure) that it is normal to have the KML for the road articles, although it's not required. I just created the KML file (at right) if either of you want to use it. Epicgenius (talk) 03:46, 17 November 2014 (UTC)
* I understand now, I should have known that; I've seen people use inline citations where it leads to Google showing a road highlighted as a reference.
* did you hear back from FDOT? B137 (talk) 05:08, 17 November 2014 (UTC)
* No. Never received a response concerning the official tunnel name. AHeneen (talk) 05:12, 17 November 2014 (UTC)
I have boldly added the KML, by the way. Feel free to revert if you do not want it. Epicgenius (talk) 02:33, 18 November 2014 (UTC)
External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just added archive links to 5 one external links on Port Miami Tunnel. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20110811011202/http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/07/14/2314899/ready-to-rake-in-the-big-bucks.html to http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/07/14/2314899/ready-to-rake-in-the-big-bucks.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20110117161805/http://www.fhwa.dot.gov:80/ipd/case_studies/fl_port_miami_tunnel.htm to http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ipd/case_studies/fl_port_miami_tunnel.htm
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20110810205509/http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/07/07/2304438/firm-building-miami-tunnel-seeks.html to http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/07/07/2304438/firm-building-miami-tunnel-seeks.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20110927134249/http://www.railwayage.com/breaking-news/miami-port-rail-link-construction-set-3308.html to http://www.railwayage.com/breaking-news/miami-port-rail-link-construction-set-3308.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/20111008201032/http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/06/13/2275946/a-giant-step-for-port-of-miami.html to http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/06/13/2275946/a-giant-step-for-port-of-miami.html
Cheers.—cyberbot II Talk to my owner :Online 13:51, 23 February 2016 (UTC)
External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just modified 6 external links on Port Miami Tunnel. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110926235613/http://www.local10.com/news/19200966/detail.html to http://www.local10.com/news/19200966/detail.html
* Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/03/20/2124204/miami-needs-colombia-free-trade.html
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110727233530/http://transportationnation.org/2011/03/17/a-man-a-plan-a-canal%E2%80%94miami/ to http://transportationnation.org/2011/03/17/a-man-a-plan-a-canal%E2%80%94miami/
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101226192435/http://blogs.sun-sentinel.com:80/south-florida-travel/2010/12/21/port-of-miami-had-busiest-october-ever-for-cruises/ to http://blogs.sun-sentinel.com/south-florida-travel/2010/12/21/port-of-miami-had-busiest-october-ever-for-cruises/
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110714224153/http://www.oasisoftheseas.com/viewRelease.php?id=30 to http://www.oasisoftheseas.com/viewRelease.php?id=30
* Added tag to http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/local/breakingnews/mh-miami-tunnel-boring-harriet-20110809,0,3764160.column
* Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110929013644/http://www.portofmiamitunnel.com/system/js/back/ckfinder/userfiles/files/10-0603%20-%20Technical%20Fact%20Sheet-%20FINAL.pdf to http://www.portofmiamitunnel.com/system/js/back/ckfinder/userfiles/files/10-0603%2520-%2520Technical%2520Fact%2520Sheet-%2520FINAL.pdf
Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot (Report bug) 09:30, 13 January 2017 (UTC) | WIKI |
Package com.duowan.mobile.netroid
Interface Summary
Delivery
Network An interface for performing requests.
Request.Method Supported request methods.
RequestQueue.RequestFilter A simple predicate or filter interface for Requests, for use by RequestQueue.cancelAll(RequestFilter).
RetryPolicy Retry policy for a request.
Class Summary
CacheDispatcher Provides a thread for performing cache triage on a queue of requests.
DefaultRetryPolicy Default retry policy for requests.
ExecutorDelivery Delivers responses and errors.
HttpUtils
Listener<T> Callback interface for delivering request status or response result.
NetroidLog Logging helper class.
NetroidLog.MarkerLog A simple event log with records containing a name, thread ID, and timestamp.
NetworkDispatcher Provides a thread for performing network dispatch from a queue of requests.
NetworkResponse Data and headers returned from Network.performRequest(Request).
Request<T> Base class for all network requests.
RequestQueue A request dispatch queue with a thread pool of dispatchers.
Response<T> Encapsulates a parsed response for delivery.
Enum Summary
Request.Priority Priority values.
Exception Summary
AuthFailureError Error indicating that there was an authentication failure when performing a Request.
NetroidError Exception style class encapsulating Netroid errors
NetworkError Indicates that there was a network error when performing a Netroid request.
NoConnectionError Error indicating that no connection could be established when performing a Netroid request.
ParseError Indicates that the server's response could not be parsed.
ServerError Indicates that the error responded with an error response.
TimeoutError Indicates that the connection or the socket timed out.
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
1931 in architecture
The year 1931 in architecture involved some significant events.
Events
* December 5 – The Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow (1883) is dynamited.
* The first of the Architects (Registration) Acts is passed in the United Kingdom.
* The first of the historic districts in the United States is designated in Charleston, South Carolina, by the city government.
Buildings
* January 22 – Haus des Rundfunks in Berlin, designed by Hans Poelzig, inaugurated as headquarters of German national broadcaster Reichs-Rundfunk-Gesellschaft.
* January 23 – Viceroy's House, New Delhi, India, designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens, first occupied.
* May 1 – The Empire State Building is completed in New York City as the tallest building in the world.
* July 1 – The rebuilt Milano Centrale railway station opens in Italy.
* July 19 – Sudbury Town station on the London Underground Piccadilly line opens as rebuilt by Charles Holden, the first of his iconic modern designs for the network.
* July – Royal Corinthian Yacht Club clubhouse, Burnham-on-Crouch, eastern England, designed by Joseph Emberton, is opened.
* 21 West Street in New York City, designed by Starrett & van Vleck, completed.
* Villa Savoye in Paris, designed by Le Corbusier and his cousin, Pierre Jeanneret, using reinforced concrete and demonstrating Le Corbusier's Five Points of Architecture, is completed.
* Commerce Court North is completed in Toronto, Ontario and becomes the tallest building in the British Empire (1931–1962).
* George Washington Bridge the longest suspension bridge in the world by the length of central span (1931–1937), is completed.
* St Olaf House (Hay's Wharf head offices), Tooley Street, London Borough of Southwark, designed by H. S. Goodhart-Rendel.
* Raleigh Bicycle Company head offices in Nottingham, England, designed by Thomas Cecil Howitt, completed.
* Aiton & Co. factory office, Derby, England, designed by Norah Aiton and Betty Scott, completed.
* India Tyres offices at Inchinnan, Scotland, designed by Thomas Wallis of Wallis, Gilbert and Partners, completed and opened.
* Atlantis House and Robinson Crusoe House in Böttcherstraße, Bremen, designed by Bernhard Hoetger, complete the street's construction in the style of Brick Expressionism.
* City Hall, Hilversum, North Holland, designed by Willem Marinus Dudok, is completed.
* India Gate in New Delhi is completed.
* Student Union at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, designed by Sven Markelius and Uno Åhrén.
* South Houses, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, designed by Gordon Kaufmann.
* Washington Singer Building on the Streatham Campus of the University of Exeter in England, designed by Vincent Harris.
* New Synagogue, Žilina, Czechoslovakia, designed by Peter Behrens, is completed.
* High and Over, Amersham, one of the first modernist houses in England, designed by Amyas Connell, is completed.
* House for two brothers in Brno, designed by Otto Eisler, is completed.
* Apartment Building at 342, Muntaner Street, Barcelona, designed by Josep Lluís Sert, is completed.
* The Home Insurance Building in Chicago, Illinois is demolished.
* Stella Maris on the island of Norderney by Dominikus Böhm is completed
Awards
* RIBA Royal Gold Medal – Edwin Cooper.
* Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: Georges Dengler.
Births
* April 23 – Roland Paoletti, British architect (died 2013)
* May 3 – Aldo Rossi, Italian architect and designer (died 1997)
* May 7 – Ricardo Legorreta, Mexican architect (died 2011)
* May 29 – Mario Maioli, Italian architect and painter
* July 17 – Edward Cullinan, English architect (died 2019)
* July 23 – Arata Isozaki, Japanese architect (died 2022)
* August 16 – Alessandro Mendini, Italian architect and designer (died 2019)
* October 3 – Denise Scott Brown, Rhodesian-born American architect
* October 7 – Mark Girouard, English architectural writer and historian (died 2022)
Deaths
* March 7 – Theo van Doesburg, Dutch polymath, leader of De Stijl (born 1883)
* July 17 – William Lethaby, English Arts and Crafts architect and designer (born 1857)
* September 1 – Nahum Barnet, Melbourne-based Australian architect (born 1855)
* September 20 – Max Littmann, German architect (born 1862)
* December 3 – Frederick Walters, Scottish architect of the Victorian and Edwardian eras, notable for his Roman Catholic churches (born 1849) | WIKI |
BRIEF-Cigna Says Co No Longer Expects Court To Issue Post-Trial Decision In Anthem-Cigna Litigation Before End Of Feb. 2020
Feb 19 (Reuters) - Cigna Corp: * CIGNA CORP - ON FEB 14, COURT ININ RE ANTHEM-CIGNA MERGER LITIGATION, ISSUED LETTER REQUESTING THAT PARTIES SUBMIT CERTAIN SUPPLEMENTAL BRIEFING * CIGNA CORP SAYS CO NO LONGER EXPECTS COURT TO ISSUE ITS POST-TRIAL DECISION IN ANTHEM-CIGNA LITIGATION BEFORE END OF FEBRUARY 2020 - SEC FILING Source: (bit.ly/32apWPm) Further company coverage: | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
St Peter's Church, Eype
St Peter's Church is a Church of England church in Eype, Dorset, England. Built in 1864–65, the church now also serves as an arts venue, known as the Eype Centre for the Arts.
History
St Peter's was built as a chapel of ease to St. John the Baptist at Symondsbury, with £3,000 of its cost having been bequeathed by the rector, Rev. Gregory Raymond, who died in 1863. His successor, Rev. Henry Rawlinson, continued efforts to build a church at Eype. A plot of land on a hilltop above Eype was donated by Mr. Syndercombe Bower, which allowed the church to also serve the inhabitants Watton and part of Bridport Harbour.
The foundation stone was laid on 28 May 1864 by the Bishop of Salisbury, Walter Kerr Hamilton. Plans for the church were drawn up by the architect Talbot Bury of London who supervised its construction. The builder was Mr. George Swaffield of Shipton Gorge, with all carpentry and woodwork carried out by Mr. George G. Hayward of Burton Bradstock. Mr. W. K. Brown of Bridport undertook plumbing, painting and decorative work. The completed church was consecrated by the Bishop of Salisbury on 24 August 1865.
Eype Centre for the Arts
In the face of a declining congregation, work was carried out at the church in 2002–03 to give it an additional role as an arts venue and it opened in 2003 as the Eype Centre for the Arts. The project was the idea of Rev. Dr. Ray Shorthouse, who believed the new dual role of the church would secure its long-term future. The £250,000 alteration cost was sourced from the local Walbridge Trust and the church is now regularly used to hold concerts, exhibitions and other events.
In 2010, the church was used by PJ Harvey for the recording of her eighth studio album Let England Shake. She told Bridport News: "I remembered that the man who now runs this church as an arts venue had said to me a few times if I'd ever wanted to use it for a show or rehearsals that he'd love that, and that's when I approached him and asked if we could use it."
Architecture
St Peter's was built of local stone from Symondsbury and Bothenhampton, with its windows, doors and arches dressed in Bath stone. The Decorated Gothic church was designed to accommodate 300 persons and built with a cruciform plan, containing a nave, chancel, sacristy, north and south transepts and a south porch. A tower was intended for the church, however limited funds prompted the construction of a bell turret on the western end of the roof instead. | WIKI |
BRIEF-Cheniere Energy reports Q3 loss per share of $1.24
Nov 14 (Reuters) - Cheniere Energy Inc: * Reports third quarter 2017 results, raises full year 2017 guidance and provides full year 2018 guidance * Q3 loss per share $1.24 * Q3 earnings per share view $-0.19 — Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S * Sees 2017 consolidated adjusted EBITDA $1.8 billion to $1.9 billion * Sees 2018 consolidated adjusted EBITDA $1.9 billion to $2.1 billion * Sees 2017 distributable cash flow $0.6 billion to $0.7 billion * Sees 2018 distributable cash flow $0.2 billion to $0.4 billion * Qtrly revenues $1,403 million versus $465 million * 2018 guidance range is driven by LNG production scenarios at Sabine Pass and expected market pricing for LNG during 2018 Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Page:The Plays of William Shakspeare (1778).djvu/146
criticism, and an exact knowledge of human life, should deservedly have a share in a general critick upon the author. But to pass over at once to another subject:—
It has been allowed on all hands, how far our author was indebted to nature; it is not so well agreed, how much he owed to languages and acquired learning. The decisions on this subject were certainly set on foot by the hint from Ben Jonson, that he had small Latin and less Greek: and from this tradition, as it were, Mr. Rowe has thought fit peremptorily to declare, that, “It is without controversy, he had no knowledge of the writings of the ancient poets, for that in his works we find no traces of any thing which looks like an imitation of the ancients. For the delicacy of his taste (continues he) and the natural bent of his own great genius (equal, if not superior, to some of the best of theirs) would certainly have led him to read and study them with so much pleasure, that some of their fine images would naturally have insinuated themselves into, and been mixed with his own writings: and so his not copying, at least, something from them, may be an argument of his never having read them.” I shall leave it to the determination of my learned readers, from the numerous passages which I have occasionally quoted in my notes, in which our poet seems closely to have imitated the classicks, whether Mr. Rowe’s assertion be so absolutely to be depended on. The result of the controversy must certainly, either way, terminate to our author’s honour: how happily he could imitate them, if that point be allowed; or how gloriously he could think like them, without owing any thing to imitation.
Though I should be very unwilling to allow Shakespeare so poor a scholar, as many have laboured to represent him, yet I shall be very cautious of declaring too positively on the other side of the question; that is, with regard to my opinion of his knowledge in the dead languages. And therefore the passages, that I occasionally quote from the classicks, shall not be urged as proofs that he knowingly imitated those originals; but brought to shew how happily he has expressed himself upon the same topicks. A very learned critick of our own nation has declared, that a sameness of thought and sameness of expression too, in two writers of a different age, can hardly happen, without a violent suspicion of the latter copying from his predecessor. I shall not therefore run any great risque of a censure, though I | WIKI |
How to open some specified files, directories and programs when i start the system automatically
Dear friends:
I need to open the same files and programs at every time when i log into system. Could you please tell me how to open these specified files, directories and programs automatically. For examples, in desktop 1, some pdf files will be opened automatically, in desktop 2, the Mozilla explorer will be opened automatically. and in desktop 3, the Dolphin File manager is opening.
Regards
You should allways tell which version of openSUSE you have and which desktop (KDE, GNome, …) you use. Most people her are not clairvoyant!
Sorry for that. I use opensuse12.1 .
and Dolphin means KDE.
Take a look at Systemsettings - Startup & Shutdown. You’ll find options for Session Management, Autostarting. Mind, opening a lot of programs/docs will slow down the startup of KDE.
Yes, most probably, but he does not seem to know himself. :frowning:
In KDE you can create a simple shell script “programms.sh” (or whatever you like) in /home/$user/.kde4/Autostart.
#! /bin/bash
programm1 &
programm2 &
programm3 &
Don’t forget to make it executable.
Thank you very much LOL!lol!
Thank you very much LOL!lol! | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Peter Kiesewalter
Peter Kiesewalter is a Canadian arranger and multi-instrumentalist who plays sax, clarinet, keyboard, and accordion.
Career
In the 1990s, Kiesewalter was a member of the Ottawa-based bands Fat Man Waving and The Angstones, both diverse bands that blended folk, jazz and pop music influences. He played piano, keyboards, accordion and clarinet with Fat Man Waving, and reeds and accordion with the Angstones. His bandmates in the two bands included Rebecca Campbell (vocals), Fred Guignon (guitar), Ian Mackie (drums and percussion) and James Stephens (bass) in Fat Man Waving, and Mackie, Kurt Walther (guitar), Rob Frayne (saxophone) and John Geggie (bass) in the Angstones.
Kiesewalter was a member of the East Village Opera Company (EVOC) from 2004 to 2010, a rock group co-founded by vocalist Tyley Ross and Kiesewalter. AnnMarie Milazzo provided vocals. EVOC included eight other members: two guitarists, a bassist, a percussionist and a string quartet. EVOC's repertoire included primarily operatic and classical pieces that Kiesewalter arranged in rock and other popular music styles. Kiesewalter next formed Brooklyn Rundfunk Orkestrata (BRO) to cover songs from The Sound of Music with the Rodgers and Hammerstein Organization.
Kiesewalter is music director for Jane Siberry. From 2014 to 2019, Kiesewalter was also the music director and conductor for concerts by Jackie Evancho. | WIKI |
Widdringtonia
Widdringtonia is a genus of coniferous trees in the Cupressaceae (cypress family). The name was Austrian botanist Stephan Endlicher's way of honouring an early expert on the coniferous forests of Spain, Capt. Samuel Edward Widdrington (1787–1856). There are four species, all native to southern Africa, where they are known as cedars or African cypresses.
Description
This genus contains large evergreen shrubs and trees, reaching 5–20 m tall (to 40 m in W. whytei). Juveniles have needle-like leaves that are arranged in spirals. The scale-like leaves in adults are arranged in decussate opposite pairs in four rows along the twigs.
The plants are dioecious. The small male cones grow at the ends of twigs. The scales have no stalks. They grow into an upward, decreasing beak with two to six pollen sacs at the base of the cone.
The female cones are small and stalkless and grow in short spikes on the branches. The scales grow in two opposite rows that spread at the base during pollination. They then close into a corky, leathery cone with five or more ovules at the base of each scale. The cones become woody as they mature.
The cones mostly remain closed on the trees for many years, opening only after being scorched by a wildfire; this then releases the seeds to grow on the newly cleared burnt ground. They open at four very thick valves that correspond to the four scales. Each cone produces few seeds. They are wing with hard test and two cotyledons.
In W. whytei the cones open soon after maturity to shed the seed without fire; this species is more sensitive to fire and only grows in moister situations where it is protected from fire. The best adapted to fire is W. nodiflora, which has the ability to re-grow from the roots, as well as by seed.
Species
One species is widespread in southern Africa, while the other three have restricted ranges, often occurring with or near to the widespread species.
The closest relatives of Widdringtonia are Callitris and Actinostrobus from Australia, which differ in their cones and leaves being in whorls of three, not opposite pairs.
Uses
The wood is light, soft and aromatic. It can be easily split and resists decay. It is used to make furniture, indoor and outdoor panelling, and fence posts. That of W. whytei was particularly valuable as it was available in large sizes, but this species is now endangered and no longer cut to any extent.
References and external links
* Pauw, C. A. & Linder, H. P. 1997. Widdringtonia systematics, ecology and conservation status. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 123: 297–319.
* Recommended English names for trees of Southern Africa (archive)
* Arboretum de Villardebelle - Photos of cones | WIKI |
1992 Ukrainian Cup
Like the championship, the first edition of the Cup had a tight schedule as the Football Federation of Ukraine was given just several months in order to switch to the European seasonal format with the minimum required matches played.
The competition started on February 10 and the final was played on May 31. Only the members of the Vyshcha (Higher) and Persha (First) Leagues competed this season's competition. It was the first National Cup edition replacing the previous competition of the Ukrainian SSR Cup, which was organized as a regional competition. The last winner of that Soviet competition FC Temp Shepetivka was eliminated in the first round by Kremin Kremenchuk.
The first trophy was won by Chornomorets Odesa thus qualifying to the qualification round of UEFA Cup Winners' Cup.
Organization
The competition consisted of six rounds with the sixth being the final game. All rounds were conducted as a single elimination tournament. The first two rounds and the final consisted of a single leg, while the rest included the two-leg, home and away, match-up.
The competition involved participation of clubs from the top two tiers accounting for the total of 45. The three second teams that competed in the second tier did not participate. Six members of the 1991 Soviet Top League were entering competition starting from the Round of 16. In addition to them Azovets Mariupol was given a bye to the second round.
The winner of the competition gained a chance to qualify for the UEFA Cup Winner's Cup competition.
* Participating teams
* 1992 Ukrainian Premier League (20)
* 1992 Ukrainian First League (25) (except for the second teams)
Brief overview
The tournament started on February 10, 1992, with the game between Podillia Khmelnytsky and Bukovyna Chernivtsi right in the middle of the Zakarpattia Oblast in the village of Ilnytsia and culminated in the final game in Kyiv on May 31, 1992. With the organization of the Ukrainian Cup competition the three Ukrainian clubs Dynamo Kyiv, Chornomorets Odesa, and Metalist Kharkiv that still were in competition of the Soviet Cup with their quarterfinals games scheduled on March 25, 1992, had those fixtures canceled, abandoning that competition.
The highest attending game happened to be in the Round of 16 when FC Skala Stryi were playing against FC Dynamo Kyiv in the city of Stryi in front of 17,000 spectators. Skala lost that game in the overtime by the goal from Oleg Salenko. Even the final game attendance of 12,000 could not beat that festival of sport in the small city of the Lviv Oblast. The lowest attendance of the competition was in the game between Kolos Nikopol and Polissia Zhytomyr which took place on February 16, 1992, just outside the city of Nikopol in Chkalove village and was witnessed only by 150 people. The highest scoring game took place in Odesa when the local Chornomorets avenged its poor performance in Zhytomyr by beating Polissia 7:1. The biggest margin in goals scored was recorded in Zaporizhia when the local Metalurh won over Vahonobudivnyk 7:0. The most surprising was the elimination of the Soviet Cup participant Dynamo Kyiv that lost its quarterfinal stand off against the Zaporizhian Automakers 1:2 in aggregate.
First round
All games took place on February 16, 1992, except the game in Zakarpattia between Podillia – Bukovyna which took place on February 10, 1992.
All 39 clubs out 45 took part in this round. The other six clubs, participants of the Soviet Top League, received bye for the next two rounds to the Round of 16. The 39 clubs played off for another 10 passes.
Second round
Most of games took place on February 23, 1992. The game in Crimea between Polissia – Stal took place on February 21, 1992, and the game in Bukovyna between Bukovyna – Azovets took place on February 28, 1992.
Bracket
Round of 16
! colspan="5" style="background:cornsilk;"|First leg – February 28, Second leg – March 14
! colspan="5" style="background:cornsilk;"|First leg – March 1, Second leg – March 14
! colspan="5" style="background:cornsilk;"|First leg – March 2, Second leg – March 14
! colspan="5" style="background:cornsilk;"|First leg – March 3, Second leg – March 14
* }
Dynamo won 3–2 on aggregate.
Chornomorets won 8–5 on aggregate.
Torpedo won 6–1 on aggregate.
Second leg
Metalurh won 7–1 on aggregate.
Shakhtar won 4–1 on aggregate.
Dnipro won 5–2 on aggregate.
Metalist won 4–1 on aggregate.
Naftovyk won 2–1 on aggregate.
Quarterfinals (1/4)
! colspan="5" style="background:cornsilk;"|First leg – April 11, Second leg – April 28
! colspan="5" style="background:cornsilk;"|First leg – April 11, Second leg – May 3
* }
Metalist won 2–1 on aggregate.
Chornomorets won 3–1 on aggregate.
Torpedo won 2–1 on aggregate.
Shakhtar won 6–1 on aggregate.
Semifinals (1/2)
! colspan="5" style="background:cornsilk;"|First leg – May 14, Second leg – May 26
* }
Chornomorets won 3–1 on aggregate.
Metalist won 2–1 on aggregate.
Final
Cup holders
(league appearances and goals listed in brackets)
* Yuriy Sak also scored one own goal.
* In its first game against Pollisya Chornomorets played with its reserves led by Vitaliy Sidnev.
* Note: Only Bukel received a yellow card.
Top goalscorers
.
Goalkeeping leaders
* Wins | WIKI |
Activities in the system are managed as an activity stack. When a new activity is started, it is placed on the top of the stack and becomes the running activity — the previous activity always remains below it in the stack, and will not come to the foreground again until the new activity exits.
An activity has essentially four states:
The following diagram shows the important state paths of an Activity. The square rectangles represent callback methods you can implement to perform operations when the Activity moves between states. The colored ovals are major states the Activity can be in.
There are three key loops you may be interested in monitoring within your activity:
Your activity monitors and reacts to these events by instantiating methods that override the Activity class methods for each event:
1. onCreate()
Called when your activity is first created. This is the place you normally create your views, open any persistent datafiles your activity needs to use, and in general initialize your activity. When calling onCreate(), the Android framework is passed a Bundle object that contains any activity state saved from when the activity ran before.
2. onStart()
Called just before your activity becomes visible on the screen. Once onStart() completes, if your activity can become the foreground activity on the screen, control will transfer to onResume(). If the activity cannot become the foreground activity for some reason, control transfers to the onStop() method.
3. onResume()
Called right after onStart() if your activity is the foreground activity on the screen. At this point your activity is running and interacting with the user. You are receiving keyboard and touch inputs, and the screen is displaying your user interface. onResume() is also called if your activity loses the foreground to another activity, and that activity eventually exits, popping your activity back to the foreground. This is where your activity would start (or resume) doing things that are needed to update the user interface.
4. onPause()
Called when Android is just about to resume a different activity, giving that activity the foreground. At this point your activity will no longer have access to the screen, so you should stop doing things that consume battery and CPU cycles unnecessarily. If you are running an animation, no one is going to be able to see it, so you might as well suspend it until you get the screen back. Your activity needs to take advantage of this method to store any state that you will need in case your activity gains the foreground again—and it is not guaranteed that your activity will resume. If the mobile device you are running on runs out of memory, there is no virtual memory on disk to use for expansion, so your activity may have to make way for a system process that needs memory. Once you exit this method, Android may kill your activity at any time without returning control to you.
5. onStop()
Called when your activity is no longer visible, either because another activity has taken the foreground or because your activity is being destroyed.
6. onDestroy()
The last chance for your activity to do any processing before it is destroyed. Normally you’d get to this point because the activity is done and the framework called its finish method. But as mentioned earlier, the method might be called because Android has decided it needs the resources your activity is consuming.
It is important to take advantage of these methods to provide the best user experience possible.
Android Service Lifecycle
The lifecycle for a service is similar to that for an activity, but different in a few important details:
Do you have any product idea or business need?
Apples In-App Purchase
Hands-On Implementation of Apple’s In-App Purchases On Ruby Based Server
Information about Languages & Tools, Server Configuration and Endpoint & API Setup and many more.
Multi User Chat
Features of Multi User Chat (Group Chat) in Android
Features allows users to visible multiple chatrooms on one or more screens.
android Logs
Simple way to write android Logs
Complete process of writing logs in a simplified way and how to effectively get rid of logs during app release. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Source Mage
Source Mage is a source-based Linux distribution descended from Sorcerer. Components of this operating system are downloaded as source code and compiled locally on the user's computer.
Notable features
Source Mage is, as its name suggests, a source-based Linux distribution. Instead of delivering binaries to users, the source code is compiled locally on the users computer. This practice enables greater control over the software than other distributions that precompile software for users do, such as Ubuntu. Individual dependencies can be selected or deselected, saving valuable hard drive space and freeing RAM and CPU cycles. For instance, OpenSSH can be compiled without support for X11 sharing. One can choose to set cflags, cxxflags, and ldflags specific to their situation. Using a source-based distribution is one way to unlock the full performance of a computer, as many binary distros compile their software for a wide audience, not a particular group, such as users of a specific processor. When a Source Mage spell is "cast", the latest stable release is downloaded from the developer's site rather than Source Mage's. This allows for the most up-to-date system, unlike Gentoo, another popular source-based distribution, which maintains its own customized cache of packages. SMGL changes as little as possible in packages (only to fit to bare standards such as the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard), so it is more immune from the kind of errors resulting from distribution developers tampering, while in turn lacking the potentially necessary patches that projects like Gentoo and Debian apply.
History
In 2001, Kyle Sallee released a Linux distribution named Sorcerer GNU/Linux. Due to several issues, in 2002, Chuck S. Mead forked Sorcerer into Lunar Linux. Soon afterwards, Kyle Sallee took Sorcerer GNU/Linux offline. The remaining Sorcerer GNU/Linux development team brought it back online and continued development. A month later, Kyle Sallee brought his version of Sorcerer back online with a new license that prevented forking, dropping GNU/Linux from the name. Consequently, at the request of Sallee, the Sorcerer GNU/Linux team renamed their project Source Mage.
Compiling
Source Mage's tagline is "Linux so advanced, it may as well be magic" (a reference to Clarke's third law), and its commands have a "sorcerous theme". The instructions to each package is called a "spell", and its package management program is called "sorcery". To install a package the user must "cast" that spell. Casting a spell consists of downloading the source code (if it is not already downloaded), checking for dependencies, casting them if necessary, compiling the program, and installing it. A set of available spells is called a "grimoire". To uninstall a package the user must "dispel" the spell.
Social contract
Source Mage has established a distribution commitment. Source Mage Social Contract establishes its basic rules, which are similar though not identical to Debian's. The first part of the contract ensures the freedom of Source Mage: "We promise to keep the Source Mage GNU/Linux Distribution entirely free (as in freedom). This means that all software we release will be licensed under the GNU General Public License as defined by the Free Software Foundation (fsf.org). All of our documentation will be released under the GNU Free Documentation License." Source Mage does not restrict the user's choice of software to only free software: "We acknowledge that some of our users require the use of programs that don't conform to the strict SMGL Licensing Guidelines. While SMGL will never rely on non-free software, we do not limit a user's choice of software. We will provide the tools for a user to make their own informed decisions, via each spell's 'LICENSE' field, and the sorcery spell filter. Thus, although non-free software isn't a part of Source Mage, we support its use, and we provide infrastructure (such as our bug-tracking system and mailing lists, as well as spells) for non-free software packages."
Installation
Installing Source Mage involves first creating a minimal installation with a kernel (so it can run), the GCC C compiler, a network connection, and a few other basic tools to support downloading and compiling source code. This enables the system to download, compile, and install all the other components, and the compilation results can be tailored for that specific system.
Portability
All Source Mage-maintained code is designed to presume a minimal system, and the base system doesn't explicitly require a C++ compiler (Only GCC 4.x+ does, but can be replaced).
Besides POSIX-compliant tools, core components require only bash, sed and either gawk or mawk, instead of more heavyweight languages like Perl or Python. This makes Source Mage suitable for a small installation. | WIKI |
Call of the West (film)
Call of the West is a 1930 American pre-Code Western film directed by Albert Ray and starring Dorothy Revier, Matt Moore and Tom O'Brien.
Plot
Nightclub performer Violet La Tour collapses during a show in Sagebrush, Texas, and is subsequently cared for at the ranch of Lon Dixon. As they spend time together, they develop feelings for each other and eventually get married. However, when Lon leaves to join a posse hunting for rustlers, Violet feels abandoned and decides to return to New York.
Back in the city, Violet is courted by her agent, Maurice Kane, but her heart remains with Lon. When Lon unexpectedly arrives in New York to reclaim her, Violet reaffirms her love for him, solidifying their bond once again.
Cast
* Dorothy Revier as Violet La Tour
* Matt Moore as Lon Dixon
* Kathrin Clare Ward as Ma Dixon
* Tom O'Brien as Bull Clarkson
* Alan Roscoe as Maurice Kane
* Victor Potel as Trig Peters
* Nick De Ruiz as Frijoles
* Joe De La Cruz as Mexicali
* Blanche Rose as Mrs. Burns
* Gertrude Bennett as Kit
* Connie La Mont as Doll
* Buff Jones as Red
* Bud Osborne as Rustler | WIKI |
Andrés Durán
Andrés Durán (born February 20, 1966) is a Colombian rock historian, a radio broadcaster and producer of Blues, Writer of Book "Rockestra", Rock and Metal programs at Radiónica Station in Bogotá Colombia. He also is the creator and producer of the on-line radio station "El Expreso del Rock".
Current work
Durán has been working for Radio Televisión Nacional de Colombia since 2005 as producer of the programs "Expreso Radionica","Detector", "Metal Detector", "El Hall de la Fama", "Desayuno con los Beatles" and "Clásicos Radiónica". He has also been giving rock conferences for Fondo de Cultura Económica since 2009.
Former work
He has been presenter and jury for Rock Festivals such as Rock al Parque as well as a lecturer of rock conferences at different universities, schools and libraries in Bogotá - Colombia. He worked for “Radiodifusora Nacional de Colombia”, as the broadcaster and producer of the programs “Blues 99.1”, “Carouselambra” “Detector” and “Mundo Zappa”. Since 1989 to 2001, he also hosted a weekly Sunday four-hour program “El Expreso del Rock” on 88.9 fm, “Superestación”. Durán also produced and broadcast the program “Black Night” on Dyna Radio on-line. He has also been a freelance translator for musical tours and for specialized rock magazines from English into Spanish and has been columnist for Colombian local rock magazines such as Music Machine, Concierto, Acme, Shock, Mtres.com y la Rosca.
Biography
Andrés Durán Angel was born the 21st of February, 1966 in Bogotá, Colombia. Since he was a child he got so interested in all rock and roll genres, that he started his own music collection. He attended to Santo Tomas de Aquino High School and immediately he travelled to Los Angeles in order to improve his English, to get familiarized with the rock scene and to study broadcasting and radio production at Trebas Institute in Hollywood. Then he came back and created his own record label, Talisman Music, where many local bands in Bogota such as Neurosis, La Pestilencia, Agony, Kilcrops and Aldea started their music careers. After that, he began to work as radio broadcaster and producer. | WIKI |
Page:Folk-lore - A Quarterly Review. Volume 22, 1911.djvu/436
400 Short Notices.
that the practice is no longer universal of chalking patterns round the edge of the doorstep, carefully avoiding any gap between doorpost and doorpost lest the Devil should get in. The authoress loves and knows the district. Will she not collect its folklore fully before it is too late ?
Bye-Gones relating to Wales and the Border Cotmties. 1909-10.
(Vol. xi. New Series). Elliot Stock. Sq. 8vo, pp. 300. This substantial volume contains two years' gleanings from the weekly column " Bye-Gones " in the Border Counties Advertizer, and almost two columns of the index are filled by items classified under "Folk-Lore, Customs, etc." The index has been carefully made, and many of the items are noteworthy. If the excellent example of the Advertizer wtxt generally followed, the completeness and early completion of County Folklore would be greatly advanced.
All about the Merry Tales of Gotham. By Alfred Stapleton.
(2nd edit.). Nottingham: 39, Burford Road, 1910. Sm. 8vo.
pp. viii + i68 + vi + 48. 111. This volume is another example of assistance given to our s.tudy by a well-disposed local press, from whose columns have been reprinted both the original and the present entirely rearranged and revised edition. Although Clouston and W. C. Hazlitt have discussed tales of noodles pretty fully, and the latter and others have reprinted "The Merry Tales of the Mad Men of Gotham," there is ample justification for the present work, which contains, besides a reprint of the earhest chapbook and bibliography, additional tales, discussions of authorship and origin, literary allusions, etc. Mr. Stapleton has also restored the tales to popular life in No. 127 of " Books for the Bairns."
Books for Review should be addressed to
The Editor of Folk-Lore,
c/o David Nutt,
57-59 Long Acre, London, W.C. | WIKI |
Wikinews:Tech/Pitsilemu/Mac
This is a complete step-by-step guide on how to run your own Pitsilemu bot on IRC, from your Mac.
Downloading MacPython
Apple provides an installation of Python with every Mac OS X installation, by default. You don’t need to install Python, but you might want to update it. Here are the instructions.
First of all, you need to download Python, the application that reads the scripts and does something with them. Download MacPython from here, choosing “Python 2.5.2 for Macintosh OS X”. Open the downloaded dmg file and install it. In Applications in Finder you should now find a folder named “MacPython 2.5”. Nothing else needs to be done here, close Finder.
NOTE: A new application will be installed on your Mac, with the name “IDLE”. It’s just difficult and confusing, and nothing worth spending time on trying to use.
Downloading the scripts
Open Terminal, you can find it by searching for it in Spotlight. Now, copy-paste the following into Terminal, and press enter/return: svn checkout https://pitsilemu.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/pitsilemu/ pitsilemu
A folder will be created in the “home” folder (look in the left column in the Finder for the house icon and your username), with the name “pitsilemu”, in which all the scripts will be when the downloading is finished. You can see when it’s finished by looking for the following in the last line in Terminal: NAME_OF_COMPUTER:~ USER_NAME$ This text is equal to the one appearing when you open Terminal (it is called prompt).
config.py
Please see config.py | WIKI |
Özlem Yalman
Özlem Yalman (born 30 April 1977) is a Turkish female pro basketball referee, a former basketball player, and a school teacher for physical education.
Early years
Özlem was born in Adana, Turkey in 1977 to Nezih Yalman, who died in Izmir at age 64 in 2014.
She studied Physical Education and Sports at Ege University in Izmir. After graduation, she was appointed teacher for physical education in a school at Antalya, in which she serves as the only instructor for her branch.
Sports career
Yalman played basketball during her university years, and in Karşıyaka Basket in the Turkish Women's Basketball Second League.
In 1995, she obtained a referee license, and in 2004 she was promoted to A-class official status. Currently, she officiates basketball matches of the Turkish Basketball Super League and Turkish Women's Basketball League.
After successfully completing the FIBA referee candidate program in Bologna, Italy in 2010 and passing the subsequent exam in Gaziantep, Turkey, she became a FIBA-listed referee. Since 2011, she has been tasked to officiate several basketball competitions at world and European level.
International participations
* 2011
* 2011 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship for Women – August 4–14, Italy
* 2013
* EuroBasket Women 2013 – June 5–30, France.
* EuroBasket Women 2015 qualification – June 7–25, Israel
* 2013 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women – July 4–14, Turkey
* 2013 FIBA Under-19 World Championship for Women – July 18–28, Lithuania
* 2014
* 2013–14 EuroCup Women Final – March 20, Russia.
* 2014 FIBA World Championship for Women – September 27 – October 5, Turkey.
2017 FIBA Women's EuroBasket 2017 Final June 25, Prague
* 2015
* EuroBasket Women 2015 Group C – June 11–15, Hungary
* 2015 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women – July 2–12, Spain.
* 2015 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship for Women – August 13–23, Portugal
* 2016
* 2015–16 EuroCup Women Final – April 13, France.
* 2019
* EuroLeague Women Final Four 12–14 April Semi Final & Final
* FIBA Women's EuroBasket 2019 Final – July 7, Serbia | WIKI |
Leprosy (Hansen's disease)
Last Reviewed: October 2011
What is leprosy?
Leprosy is a chronic bacterial disease of the skin and nerves in the hands and feet and, in some cases, the lining of the nose. Leprosy is a rare disease in the United States.
Who gets leprosy?
Anyone can get leprosy, but children seem to be more susceptible than adults.
How is leprosy spread?
It is not clear how the leprosy germ is spread, but household and prolonged close contact is important. The germs probably enter the body through the nose and possibly through broken skin. The germs get in the air through nasal discharge of untreated lepromatous patients.
What are the symptoms of leprosy?
Tuberculoid leprosy symptoms are a few well-defined skin lesions that are numb. Lepromatous leprosy symptoms are a chronically stuffy nose and many skin lesions and nodules on both sides of the body.
How soon after exposure do symptoms appear?
It usually takes about four years for tuberculoid leprosy symptoms to appear and about eight years for lepromatous leprosy symptoms to appear.
When and for how long is a person able to spread leprosy?
In most cases, a person will not infect others within a day of beginning treatment with multidrug therapy.
What is the treatment for leprosy?
Patients with leprosy should be treated by a doctor who has experience with the disease. Treatment is with multiple drugs for six months to two years.
How can leprosy be prevented?
The best way to prevent the spread of leprosy is the early diagnosis and treatment of people who are infected. For household contacts, immediate and annual examinations are recommended for at least five years after last contact with a person who is infectious. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Herman Miller is getting into gaming
Herman Miller, the furniture company perhaps best-known for the iconic Eames Lounge Chair, is getting into gaming. Today the company announced a partnership with Complexity Gaming — an e-sports organization with teams in Dota 2, Call of Duty, and more — that will see the famed furniture design firm expand into competitive gaming. As part of the deal, Herman Miller will become Complexity’s “official seating partner,” and the company will also set up an e-sports-focused lab at Complexity’s Texas headquarters. According to the two companies, the partnership “aims to develop an industry-wide solution to ergonomic equipment and design products to address the specific needs of gamers. Leveraging real-time player data from the in-house innovation lab, Complexity and Herman Miller are working together to understand gamers’ needs for high-quality ergonomic gaming equipment.” This will include publishing “a variety of content focusing on injury prevention and best gaming practices.” It’s not clear yet what this potential gaming-focused chair will look like, nor when it might be available. But Herman Miller is far from the first major company to venture into the increasingly mainstream world of e-sports. Nike and Champion are designing jerseys for e-sports teams, while the likes of K-Swiss and Adidas have created shoes. For the companies, it’s a chance to reach a brand-new audience of potential consumers, while for the teams, it’s a way to gain a potential competitive advantage. “Through this unprecedented partnership, we will research and develop findings that educate gamers, increase wellness, improve player performance, extend professional careers, and increase the overall quality of life for not only Complexity players but gamers around the world,” Complexity CEO Jason Lake said in a statement. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Houston Cellular
Houston Cellular was a Houston-based cell phone company which provided AMPS and D-AMPS (TDMA) service in the Greater Houston area. It was formed in 1983 and was operated as a partnership between LIN Broadcasting Corp., Mobile Communication Corp. of America and BellSouth Co. Its headquarters were located in Houston, Texas.
Through a series of acquisitions and mergers, within 10 years, the company consisted of a two-way partnership between BellSouth and AT&T Wireless. This partnership was also known as BellSouth Mobility, LLC. Houston Cellular began providing service in May 1986.
History
Houston Cellular was formed as a result of the October 1983 Federal Communications Commission's ruling that set aside sufficient frequencies for the operation of two cellular systems in each metropolitan area. In the early 1990s, this ruling was expanded with the advent of the 800 and 1900 MHz protocols, which are also known as PCS). The ruling reserved one system for application by local phone companies. In Houston, the competing non-local company service was applied by GTE Mobilnet.
In June 2000, the above-mentioned FCC ruling was repealed and GTE merged with Bell Atlantic to form Verizon Wireless. At that time, AT&T Wireless sold its 55% stake in Houston Cellular to BellSouth. AT&T Wireless then bought 20 MHz of the CDMA spectrum owned by the outgoing PrimeCo (which was swallowed in the formation of Verizon Wireless). This purchase of frequencies was used to directly compete in the Houston market with D-AMPS (TDMA) service. Additionally, Southwestern Bell Mobile Systems, a division of Southwestern Bell Telephone Company, was also partnered with GTE, a partnership which that was later dissolved.
In 2001, BellSouth partnered with Southwestern Bell Mobile Systems. This partnership renamed the division from BellSouth Mobility, LLC to Cingular Wireless, LLC. It also transformed Houston Cellular into Cingular Wireless.
Later Developments
In 2006, the parent company of Southwestern Bell Mobile Systems, AT&T Inc., acquired BellSouth. Eventually, this led to the renaming of Cingular Wireless, LLC to AT&T Mobility, LLC. The service was later branded as "Wireless from AT&T, formerly Cingular Wireless", "Wireless from AT&T", and is now simply "AT&T".
Other sources
* Legal Battle with BellSouth over Domain Names: U.S. Supreme Court Case 05-718 Reuben Norman, Petitioner v. BellSouth Intellectual Property Corporation
* AT&T History and science resources at The Franklin Institute's Case Files online exhibit
* Brand evolution of AT&T companies
* Press Release announcing FCC Approval of SBC-Ameritech merger (1999-10-06)
* Stock Quote from Yahoo!
* July 2005 IEEE Article
* Yahoo! — AT&T Corp. Company Profile
* ATT's most recent conference call transcripts
* Unnatural Monopoly: Critical Moments in the Development of the Bell System Monopoly by Adam D. Thierer
* AT&T Cell phone frequencies, and what do they mean?
* "AT&T buys IBM's Global Network", BBC News, December 8, 1998
* "SBC closes AT&T acquisition", CNet News, November 18, 2005
* "SBC launches 'new' AT&T", AT&T archive, November 18, 2005
* "AT&T to buy BellSouth for $67 billion", CNet News, March 5, 2006
* "AT&T gets final approval to acquire BellSouth, CNNMoney, December 29, 2006
* "AT&T and BellSouth Join to Create a Premier Global Communications Company", AT&T News Room, December 29, 2006
* Yahoo! - AT&T Mobility LLC Company Profile | WIKI |
Alikovo folk theater
Alikovo folk theater folk theater of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, is located in village Alikovo.
History
The library in Alikovo opened in 1933. Vasily Illarionovich Volkov, the native of village Siner, started to work there. It began cultural education of native land. Because of this, the youth starts to reach for the culture center. In 1934 V. I. Volkov organized the first theatrical workshop.
In 1967 young talents put on a comedy play «Виçĕ туй» («Three weddings») by A. Askhel. Execution of leading roles Veniamin Zolotov, Albina Orehova, Elena Hrabrova, Gennady Mihajlov and others are the present actors images. Arrived on viewing of this statement from Cheboksary the commission recommends to appropriate to drama collective of a name "Folk theater".
The first work of Alikovsky folk theater — a comedy play «Туй икерчи» («Wedding pancakes») by Mari playwright A.Volkov. The premiere has passed on November, 20th, 1968. In this first work of theater have flashed the V. L. Tikhonov's skill (Zolotov's maiden name), L. G.Gerasimov, A. G. Grigoriev, A. A. Janovich, M. M. Mihajlov, D. I. Illarionov, Z. M. Vintsova, A. G. Gurjev. The Director of performance was D. Illarionov, the artist — P.Aleksandrov, music — K. Volkov. Performance has passed 20 displays.
In 1990 folk theater leaves for ten days on tour to Bashkortostan, «Виçĕ туй» in the updated perusal participates in the All-Russia festival with a musical comedy. In 1992 theatrical collective stages the comic play «Юрату — хăпарту мар» (Love not the toy), takes out the same work on court of jury of republican festival of folk theaters. Performance 2 times has been shown on the Chuvash television.
Literature
* Leo Efimov, Alikovsky Encyclopedia, Chuvash book publishing house, Cheboksary, 2009.
* L. A. Efimov, «Элӗк Енӗ», «Alikovsky District», Alikovo, 1994.
* «Аликовская энциклопедия», editors: Efimov L. A., Efimov E. L., Ananjev A. A., Terentjev G. K., Cheboksary, 2009, ISBN 978-5-7670-1630-3. | WIKI |
CGC ABI
NAME
CGCABI - CGC Application Binary Interface
SYNOPSIS
#include <libcgc.h>
DESCRIPTION
This document details the Application Binary Interface (ABI) interface used by to CGC Challenge binaries to access system calls and the initial state of registers when a binary is loaded.
The ABI and system calls have been designed to create a minimal number of system entry points that allows for the creation of CGC Challenge Binaries that reflect real world services and allow authors to inject memory corruption vulnerabilities consistent with the stated goals of the CGC program.
Challenge binaries are run in an Intel 32bit Architecture (IA32) protected mode, flat memory model execution environment.
System Calls
The following system calls may be present in a CGC binary execution environment. With few exceptions, these system calls adhere to the POSIX semantics associated with each corresponding system call as implemented on the Linux operating system. Each system call below is fully described in its own manual page.
Name Number
_terminate 1
transmit 2
receive 3
fdwait 4
allocate 5
deallocate 6
random 7
A prototype for each system call is given in libcgc.h and a reference implementation can be found in libcgc.a.
System Call ABI
The CGC application binary interface is specific to compatible x86-32 bit CGC execution environments. In order to invoke a CGC system call, the system call number must be placed in the eax register. Arguments to a system call function are passed via registers ebx, ecx, edx, esi, edi, and ebp as summarized in the following table:
Register Purpose
eax Contains system call number
ebx First argument to function
ecx Second argument to function (if required)
edx Third argument to function (if required)
esi Fourth argument to function (if required)
edi Fifth argument to function (if required)
ebp Sixth argument to function (if required)
Invocation of a system call function is accomplished through the use of the int 0x80 instruction. All system calls that return, return a status code in the eax register. A zero status indicates a successful system call. A non-zero status indicates an error and the specific error number is contained in the eax register. For system calls that return a value, the return value is provided to the caller via a caller supplied pointer parameter. See descriptions of individual system calls for more detailed information on both status codes and required parameters. If eax contains an invalid system call number upon entry to the kernel, the status ENOSYS shall be returned.
Invalid Instructions
The following instructions have undefined behavior if used in a CGC Challenge Binary: rdpmc, rdrand, rdtsc, and rdtscp, and sysenter.
Signals
Traditional POSIX signals are not supported by CGC Challenge Binaries. A CB process receiving a signal is killed by the kernel and a core file may be produced. An exception to this rule is SIGPIPE. Normally, SIGPIPE sent to a process kills the process. A SIGPIPE results in a system call returning EPIPE.
Constants / Defines
Several constants, structures, and macros are defined in libcgc.h for use by CBs. The definitions of these symbols may not be the same as the host operating system.
Symbol
EBADF
EFAULT
EINVAL
ENOMEM
ENOSYS
EPIPE
FD_CLR
FD_ISSET
_fd_mask
fd_set
FD_SET
FD_SETSIZE
FD_ZERO
_NFDBITS
NULL
SIZE_MAX
size_t
SSIZE_MAX
ssize_t
STDERR
STDIN
STDOUT
timeval
Initial State
The initial state of the various processor and coprocessor registers are given below.
Initial General Purpose Register State
Register Value
EAX 0
EBX 0
ECX The ECX register contains a pointer to a page-aligned address filled with random data. The special flag page is read-only and it is not permitted to be deallocated.
EDX 0
EDI 0
ESI 0
ESP 0xbaaaaffc
EBP 0
EIP EIP is set to the value of `c_entry" specified in the header of the CGC binary being loaded.
EFLAGS 0x202
CS The values of the segment registers are not specified; however, the CS, DS, and SS registers will be set to correctly execute the CB and DS = ES = FS = GS = SS
DS The values of the segment registers are not specified; however, the CS, DS, and SS registers will be set to correctly execute the CB and DS = ES = FS = GS = SS
ES DS
FS DS
GS DS
SS DS
The value of the EFLAGS register means that interrupts are enabled (bit 9 set). Bit 1 is always set.
Initial Floating Point Unit Register State
Register Value
Control 0x037f
Status 0
Tag 0xffff
Opcode 0
Instruction Pointer 0
Data Pointer 0
R0, R1, R2, R3 0
R4, R5, R6, R7 0
The Control register value is decoded as follows:
Bits Value Description
rounding control 0 round closes to infinitely precise result, if equal, round to even least significant bit
precision control 3 double extended precision
all exceptions 0 masked
The tag register encoding just states that all fpu stack positions are empty (b'11 for all eight registers).
Initial MMX register state
The initial MMX register state is the same as the state of FPU since the registers are aliased to the same storage.
Initial XMM Register State (SSE)
Register Value
MXCSR 0x1f80
XMM0 … XMM15 0
The MXCSR is decoded as follows: flush to zero: disabled, rounding control = 0 (same as FPU, above), all exceptions masked, no exceptions currently flagged
Memory Layout
When a CB is loaded, the PT_LOAD sections of the binary describe the layout of the binary in the 32bit virtual address space. The permissions of pages loaded by the binary are as specified (all pages are readable, but may also be executable and/or writeable).
An initial stack is allocated for the process beginning from 0xbaaaaffc and going down. Stack pages are automatically allocated by the kernel on behalf of the process. All stack pages are readable, writable, and executable. Processes are allowed a maximum stack size of 8MB.
The data segment (program text section, readonly section, bss, and read/write section), is limited to 1GB. This does not include memory allocated by the allocate(2) system call.
There is no equivalent of argc, argv, envp normally provided by the kernel to a process. The stack region is filled with zeroes as it is allocated and when execution begins at %eip, (%esp) = 0.
Math Functions
The CGC library contains definitions for a variety of math functions for which acceleration is available on the processor but would require assembly language to access. Those functions are as follows.
/* sine(x), where x is in radians */
float sinf(float);
double sin(double);
long double sinl(long double);
/* cosine(x), where x is in radians */
float cosf(float);
double cos(double);
long double cosl(long double);
/* tangent(x), where x is in radians */
float tanf(float);
double tan(double);
long double tanl(long double);
/* arctangent(y, x): arctangent of y/x in radians */
float atan2f(float, float);
double atan2(double, double);
long double atan2l(long double, long double);
/* square root */
float sqrtf(float);
double sqrt(double);
long double sqrtl(long double);
/* round to integral value */
float rintf(float);
double rint(double);
long double rintl(long double);
/* absolute value */
float fabsf(float);
double fabs(double);
long double fabsl(long double);
/* remainder(x,y): returns r = x - n * y where */
/* n is the integer closest to x/y */
float remainderf(float, float);
double remainder(double, double);
long double remainderl(long double, long double);
/* scalbn(x,y): scale x by power of 2**y: x * (2**y) */
float scalbnf(float, int);
double scalbn(double, int);
long double scalbnl(long double, int);
float scalblnf(float, long int);
double scalbln(double, long int);
long double scalblnl(long double, long int);
/* significand(x): mantissa of x */
float significandf(float);
double significand(double);
long double significandl(long double);
/* base 2 logarithm */
float log2f(float);
double log2(double);
long double log2l(long double);
/* natural logarithm */
float logf(float);
double log(double);
long double logl(long double);
/* base 10 logarithm */
float log10f(float);
double log10(double);
long double log10l(long double);
/* base 2 exponential */
float exp2f(float);
double exp2(double);
long double exp2l(long double);
/* natural (base e) exponential */
float expf(float);
double exp(double);
long double expl(long double);
/* pow(x,y) = x**y */
float powf(float, float);
double pow(double, double);
long double powl(long double, long double);
Other Functions
In addition to the system calls and math functions, two additional functions are provided by the CGC ABI: setjmp() and longjmp(). These functions allow for saving processor state and restoring it at some point in the future. Their behavior is meant to mimic the behavior of these functions available in other operating systems.
CAVEATS
The pow() functions are not conformant with C99. For instance, they return NaN for infinite exponents and for finite negative bases with finite integer exponents.
SEE ALSO
allocate(2), deallocate(2), fdwait(2), random(2), receive(2), _terminate(2), transmit(2), cgc_executable_format(1), core(5).
FILES
/usr/include/libcgc.h /usr/lib/libcgc.a | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
United Kingdom Law/Reform/Draft Crown Copyright Bill
A BILL
To promote the public dissemination of law by restricting the Crown copyright protection of certain works.
WHEREAS it is in the public interest that the law be disseminated as widely as possible;
WHEREAS many countries, including several which share the tradition of the common law, have chosen to promote this public interest by exempting works of a statutory, judicial or administrative nature from copyright protection;
WHEREAS it is equally in the public interest to ensure that authentic versions of works of a statutory, judicial or administrative nature are available in case of conflict or disagreement;
WHEREAS, for this reason, such works are currently protected by Crown copyright in the United Kingdom and in British overseas territories;
WHEREAS, in the light of international experience, the protection of all such works by Crown copyright does not seem necessary to ensure the availability of authentic versions insofar as these are required;
WHEREAS the protection for twenty-five years of the typographical arragement of the Queen’s Printer’s edition of Acts and Measures is sufficient to ensure the availability of authentic versions of these works;
WHEREAS certain authentic versions and their corresponding texts should continue to be protected for other reasons of public interest, notably the protection of children;
WHEREAS, for this reason, Crown copyright protection will continue to be available for unpublished court judgments and for unpublished international agreements, alongside their existing protection under other statutes or the common law;
WHEREAS the regulations of the European Union form an integral part of British law, and the directives of the European Union and the resolutions of the United Nations directly affect the preparation and interpretation of British law;
WHEREAS, for this reason, copyright should not be available for the texts of European Union regulations and directives and United Nations resolutions, without affecting the right of the European Union or the United Nations to produce authentic versions as they see fit;
WHEREAS the copyright in derivative works such as annotated versions and collection shall not be affected;
WHEREAS the application of this Bill to British overseas territories must take account of their particular situations, in consulation with their parliaments in accordance with their constitutional status;
BE IT ENACTED by the Queen’s most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:—
Copyright in Acts, Measures and statutory instruments
1. For section 164 (copyright in Acts and Measures) of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 substitute— “Copyright in Acts, Measures and statutory instruments
164.—
(1) Except as provided in this section, no copyright, or right in the nature of copyright, subsists in an Act of Parliament, Measure of the General Synod of the Church of England or statutory instrument.
(2) Her Majesty is entitled to copyright in the typographical arrangement of the Queen’s Printer’s edition of an Act, Measure or statutory instrument.
(3) The copyright under paragraph (2) subsists from the date of publication for the period provided in section 15.
(4) References in this Part to Crown copyright (except in section 163) include copyright under paragraph (2); and, except as mentioned above, the provisions of this Part apply in relation to copyright under paragraph (2) as to other Crown copyright.
(5) References in this section to an Act of Parliament include—
(a) an Act of the Scottish Parliament or an Act of the Northern Ireland Assembly; and
(b) the text of an Act of Parliament, or an Act of the Scottish Parliament or an Act of the Northern Ireland Assembly, consolidated to include the amendments made by subsequent Acts or statutory instruments.
(6) References in this section to a Measure of the General Synod of the Church of England include Church Assembly Measures.
Copyright in court judgments and treaties
2. In Chapter X of Part I (miscellaneous and general) of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, after section 164, insert—
“Copyright in court judgments
164A.—
(1) No copyright, or right in the nature of copyright, subsists in the text of the judgment of any court insofar as such judgment is published or made available to the public with the authority of the court.
(2) Nothing in this section shall affect any provision of the Contempt of Court Act 1981 or any rule of law relating to contempt of court.
Copyright in treaties
164B.—
(1) No copyright, or right in the nature of copyright, subsists in the text of a treaty or other international agreement made or entered into by or on behalf of the Crown insofar as the treaty or international agreement has been legally published or made available to the public.
(2) For the purposes of this section only, the following are considered to be international agreements:
(a) the regulations and directives of the European Union and of its predecessor organisations; and
(b) the resolutions of organs of the United Nations.”
Definition of “exempted work”
3. In this Act, “exempted work” means an Act, Measure statutory instrument, published court judgment or published treaty.
Application of new provisions
4.—
(1) The provisions inserted by sections 1 and 2 of this Act apply to existing exempted works.
(2) On commencement, and subject to section 5 of this Act, all copyright subsisting in existing exempted works, except the Crown copyright in the typographical arrangements of the Queen’s Printer’s editions of Acts, Measures and statutory instruments, terminates.
(3) The Crown copyright in the typographical arrangement of the Queen’s Printer’s edition of an Act, Measure or statutory instrument terminates on commencement of this Act if a private copyright in the typographical arrangement would no longer subsist on that date.
Saving for derivative works
5. Nothing in this Act affects—
(1) the copyright in an original literary work which is not an exempted work but which reproduces an exempted work or any part of an exempted work; or
(2) the copyright in the typographical arrangement of a published edition of an original literary work mentioned in paragraph (1) of this section.
Saving for rights and privileges
6. Nothing in this Act affects—
(1) any right or privilege of any person other than the Crown, the European Union or the United Nations under any enactment, except where that right or privilege is a copyright, or a right in the nature of copyright, which has been assigned or licensed by the Crown and which terminates under the provisions of sections 4(2) or 4(3) of this Act;
(2) any right or privilege of the Crown subsisting under an enactment except the entitlement to copyright or to a right in the nature of copyright as expressly provided in this Act;
(3) any right or privilege of the Crown subsisting otherwise than under an enactment;
(4) the right of the European Union or the United Nations or any organs thereof to produce, and to protect by way of a copyright in the typographical arrangement, authentic versions of regulations, directives or resolutions;
(5) any other right or privilege of the European Union or the United Nations or any organs thereof subsisting under an enactment or a rule of law, except the entitlement to copyright or to a right in the nature of copyright as expressly provided in this Act; or
(6) any right or privilege of either House of Parliament, of the Scottish Parliament or of the Northern Ireland Assembly.
Interpretation
7.—
(1) References in this Act to Acts include—
(a) Acts of Parliament, Acts of the Scottish Parliament and Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly; and
(b) the text of such Acts consolidated to include the amendments made by subsequent Acts or statutory instruments.
(2) References in this Act to Measures include Measures of the General Synod of the Church of England and Church Assembly Measures.
(3) References in this Act to statutory instruments include Scottish statutory instruments, Welsh statutory instruments and Northern Ireland statutory instruments.
(4) References in this Act to treaties include all international agreements made or entered into by or on behalf of the Crown, including regulations and directives of the European Union and resolutions of organs of the United Nations, but do not include purely oral agreements or understandings.
(5) References in this Act to published works (court judgments or treaties) include works made available to the public but do not include works which have been published or made available to the public—
(a) in contravention of any enactment; or
(b) in contravention of an instruction made pursuant to any relevant statutory or legal power.
Extent
8.—
(1) This Act extends to England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
(2) Her Majesty may by Order in Council direct that the provisions of this Act extend to the Isle of Man, any of the Channel Islands or any overseas territory with such exceptions and modifications as may be contained in the Order.
(3) In making an Order under paragraph (2) of this section, references to sections of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 may be read as being references to sections of the Copyright Act 1956, or of the Copyright Act 1911, that contain equivalent provisions. In particular, Crown copyright may be taken to refer to the right provided by section 39 of the Copyright Act 1956 or by section 18 of the Copyright Act 1911.
Commencement
9. The provisions of this Act come into force on Royal Assent.
Short Title
10. This Act may be cited as the Crown Copyright Act 20__.
This work has been (or is hereby) released into the public domain by its creator, Physchim62. This applies worldwide. In case this is not legally possible, the creator grants anyone the right to use this work for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law. Subject to disclaimers. | WIKI |
In re James Frederick POMEROY, II, Debtor. International Strategies Group, Ltd., Plaintiff, v. James Frederick Pomeroy, II, Defendant.
Bankruptcy No. 05-23127 WCH.
Adversary No. 06-01064.
United States Bankruptcy Court, D. Massachusetts. Eastern Division.
Nov. 8, 2006.
Stephen E. Shamban, Stephen E. Sham-ban Law Offices, P.C., Braintree, MA, for Debtor.
MEMORANDUM OF DECISION
WILLIAM C. HILLMAN, Bankruptcy Judge.
I. Introduction
The matter before the Court is the motion of International Strategies Group, Ltd. (“ISG”) for summary judgment filed in the above-captioned adversary proceeding in which ISG objects to the discharge of an alleged debt owed by James Frederick Pomeroy, II (“Pomeroy”) under 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(2)(A). ISG contends that it is entitled to judgment because Pomer-oy’s fraud cannot be relitigated under issue or claim preclusion as it was established by a default judgment entered as a discovery sanction in a federal district court proceeding concerning the same debt. Pomeroy opposes the motion for summary judgment alleging that because the previous judgment was entered by default, the issue of fraud was not actually litigated. For the reasons stated below, I will enter an order granting the motion for summary judgment.
II. Background
The facts are drawn from the pleadings of the parties and are not in dispute except where noted herein. Before 1998, Pomer-oy formed and managed several corporations, one of which was known as the Corporation of the BankHouse, Inc. (“COB”). Pomeroy was the founder and chief executive officer of COB. Although it is not clear from the record, the parties apparently agree that COB engaged in structuring certain types of merchant banking transactions for its clients, and used its clients’ funds for investment in various ventures. In or around 1998, ISG voluntarily gave COB the amount of $4,000,000.00 for investment.
In March 2002, after unsuccessful demands for the return of the funds, ISG initiated a diversity lawsuit against Pomer-oy, COB and SB Global in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts (the “District Court Matter”). In its complaint, ISG alleged fraud, intentional misrepresentation, breach of contract, conversion, breach of fiduciary duty and violation of Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A.
Pomeroy initially, by his counsel, filed an answer and asserted numerous affirmative defenses in the District Court Matter. Pomeroy apparently responded to some of the requests for production of documents. Pomeroy’s counsel participated in conversations with counsel for ISG regarding this discovery.
ISG sought a preliminary injunction which Pomeroy opposed. The parties then stipulated to an order regarding the injunction and the court accepted the stipulation and entered the order in July 2002. The order froze certain bank accounts and assets. The order also provided that the defendants, including Pomeroy, would conduct an accounting within five days of the date of the order. The order lastly permitted Pomeroy to withdraw from his bank accounts an amount of money for living expenses. In April 2003, ISG moved for an accounting as a result of the failure of the defendants to comply with that portion of the preliminary injunction. Pomer-oy’s counsel attended the court conference regarding the motion. In May 2003, Judge Zobel granted the motion for an accounting.
Thereafter, Pomeroy failed to respond to two detailed sets of requests for admissions, which totaled 553 requests, despite the fact that each set purported to establish ISG’s version of the facts as well as the factual foundation for an adverse finding under Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A and request for treble damages. In September 2003, ISG filed a motion for sanctions under Fed.R.Civ.P. 37 against the defendants including Pomeroy. In the motion, ISG alleged that the defendants had failed to comply with the terms of the stipulation, order on the preliminary injunction and order granting the motion for an accounting. Specifically, the motion alleged that the defendants had failed to provide an accounting, monthly reports and the disclosure of assets. ISG also argued the defendants had failed to comply with discovery. ISG sought an order of contempt, attorneys’ fees, an order transferring the defendants’ interest in certain bank accounts and an order requiring the defendants to comply with discovery.
Judge Zobel held a show cause hearing on October 30, 2003 at which time she considered the motion for sanctions. Pom-eroy’s counsel attended that hearing. In January 2004, Judge Zobel entered two orders regarding the motion for sanctions. In one order, Judge Zobel found the defendants to be in contempt of court and assigned certain assets to ISG and ordered other assets to be held in escrow. In another order she allowed the motion for sanctions.
After the show cause hearing, ISG moved for a default and a real estate attachment on Pomeroy’s real estate. Pom-eroy was defaulted in January 2004. In early 2004, ISG served its second set of requests for admissions, request for treble damages under Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A and motion for entry of judgment. The Debtor did not oppose these pleadings.
Judge Zobel held a hearing on the motion for entry of judgment and ordered ISG to file a revised judgment and supporting papers. She consequently entered findings of fact concerning Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, describing, inter alia, Pomeroy’s knowing and willful misrepresentation, solicitation and conversion of ISG’s funds. In June 2004, Judge Zobel entered a final amended judgment finding Pomeroy and the other defendants liable to ISG in the amount of $10,468,106 on the basis of fraud, intentional misrepresentation, breach of contract, conversion, breach of fiduciary duty, federal and state securities violations and violation of Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A. The docket reflects, and Pomeroy does not dispute, that Pomeroy received notice of all of the foregoing motions and hearings.
Pomeroy filed his chapter 7 bankruptcy case on October 14, 2005. ISG timely filed the Complaint. ISG then filed its motion and memorandum for summary judgment, together with its exhibits and statement of undisputed facts. Pomeroy filed his response and memorandum in opposition to the motion for summary judgment. Pom-eroy also responded to ISG’s statement of undisputed facts. I also allowed the parties to file supplemental statements and memoranda.
In its motion, ISG alleges that as a result of the findings and judgment entered in the District Court Matter, it is entitled to summary judgment. Specifically, ISG argues that because Pomeroy had a full and fair opportunity to defend against the litigation in the district court, the findings of the district court are entitled to issue preclusive effect in this adversary proceeding. ISG cites cases which warn of circumstances in which a litigant so utilizes the court system that a court must conclude that the matter has been actually litigated such that a default judgment would be entitled to preclusive effect. See Treglia v. MacDonald, 430 Mass. 237, 242, 717 N.E.2d 249 (1999) (citing Gober v. Terra + Corp. et al. (In re Gober), 100 F.3d 1195 (5th Cir.1996); Bush v. Balfour Beatty Bahamas, Ltd. (In re Bush), 62 F.3d 1319, 1324 (11th Cir.1995)). Alternatively, ISG argues that the doctrine of claim preclusion also would render the judgment in the District Court Matter binding in this adversary proceeding.
In response to ISG’s motion for summary judgment, Pomeroy points to the general principle that a default judgment does not have preclusive effect on an issue in a subsequent action because the issues have not been actually litigated. Treglia, 430 Mass. at 241, 717 N.E.2d 249 (citing Restatement (Second) of Judgments § 27 comment e, at 257 (1982)). To explain why he failed to continue in defense of the District Court Matter, Pomeroy alleges that due to his numerous legal problems, he ran out of funds during the District Court Matter. Pomeroy also argues that the admissions deemed admitted against him in the District Court Matter were binding for that proceeding only under Fed.R.Civ.P. 36. As a result, Pomeroy argues that the default judgment cannot entitle ISG to summary judgment because a critical element of issue preclusion, namely actual litigation, is not met.
In support of his defense, Pomeroy submitted a single affidavit by his former counsel. In it his counsel states that Pom-eroy ran out of funds to defend the various issues with which he was confronted. He further states that Pomeroy instructed him in the summer 2002 only to respond to what was required of him by the district court. His counsel further states that by June 2003, Pomeroy stopped defending the action.
I held a hearing on the motion for summary judgment. I then took the matter of the preclusive effect of the default judgment, either under issue or claim preclusion, under advisement.
Thereafter, the parties sought and received authority to submit supplemental briefs. ISG submitted information regarding the payments which Pomeroy made to his former law firm during the course of the District Court Matter, which between 2001 and 2004 totaled $133,000. The payments between late summer 2002 and March 2004 totaled $58,000.
Pomeroy responded to the supplemental brief with another affidavit of his former counsel. In it he states that Pomeroy sought to marshal his assets “in a way designed to defend himself where he could afford to do so.” He explains that he required Pomeroy to pay for the Florida defense by way of an “up-front retainer.” He believes that Pomeroy is still indebted to his former firm. Pomeroy’s attorney further states that he believes that the payments made to his firm in 2002 were loans from family and friends. The payments which he itemized in his affidavit total $55,000. All but $15,000 were submitted prior to the period during which ISG demonstrated the firm received $58,000.
III. Analysis
1. Summary Judyment Standard
Summary judgment should only be granted when “the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.” Fed. R. Bankr.P. 7056 (incorporating Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c)). All reasonable inferences from the facts must be drawn in the manner most favorable to the nonmov-ant. Desmond v. Varrasso (In re Varrasso), 37 F.3d 760, 763 (1st Cir.1994). Once the movant has averred “an absence of evidence to support the nonmoving party’s case,” the nonmovant, to avoid summary judgment, must establish the existence of at least one question of fact that is both “genuine” and “material.” Id. at 763 n. 1. The failure of the nonmovant to come forward with sufficient evidence to generate an issue worthy for trial warrants summary judgment for the moving party. McCrory v. Spigel (In re Spigel), 260 F.3d 27, 31 (1st Cir.2001) (quoting Rolar Distribs., Inc. v. Rubbermaid, Inc., 4 F.3d 62, 67 (1st Cir.1993)). The evidence of the nonmovant cannot be merely colorable or conclusory but rather must be supported and significantly probative. Rivera-Cotto v. Rivera, 38 F.3d 611, 613 (1st Cir.1994).
2. Issue Preclusion (Collateral Es-toppel)
In their pleadings, the parties assume that the law of Massachusetts applies with respect to the issue of claim preclusion. Because the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts entered the default judgment, however, the elements of federal collateral estoppel are applicable. See Fleet National Bank v. Gray et al. (In re Bankvest Capital Corp.), 375 F.3d 51, 70 (1st Cir. 2003) (citing Monarch Life Ins. Co. v. Ropes & Gray, 65 F.3d 973, 978 (1st Cir. 1995); Combs v. Richardson, 838 F.2d 112 (4th Cir.1988)); see also Johnson v. SCA Disposal Servs. of New England, Inc., 931 F.2d 970, 974 (1st Cir.1991) (in diversity cases, federal law governs the preclusive effect of a prior federal judgment).
Under the federal standard of issue preclusion, a party must establish four essential elements: (1) the issue sought to be precluded must be the same as that involved in the prior action; (2) the issue must have been actually litigated; (3) the issue must have been determined by a valid and binding final judgment; and (4) the determination of the issue must have been essential to the judgment. Bankvest, 375 F.3d at 70; Grella v. Salem Five Cent Sav. Bank, 42 F.3d 26, 30 (1st Cir.1994). The principles collateral estoppel apply in dischargeability proceedings in bankruptcy. Grogan v. Garner, 498 U.S. 279, 284 n. 11, 111 S.Ct. 654, 112 L.Ed.2d 755 (1991).
In this proceeding, the undisputed material facts demonstrate that all but one element has been satisfied. First, in the District Court Matter, ISG alleged, inter alia, fraud and intentional misrepresentation, the exact same issues alleged in the Complaint. Second, as the judgment entered against Pomeroy in the District Court Matter was not appealed, it stands as a valid and binding final judgment. Third, the elements of fraud and intentional misrepresentation, required elements under 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(2)(A), were essential to the judgment, as demonstrated by the findings of fact in the District Court Matter. The only question remaining is whether the proceedings leading to the default judgment in the District Court Matter constitute actual litigation on the issues of Pomeroy’s fraud and intentional misrepresentation.
It is within my discretion to apply collateral estoppel to the default judgment. Parklane Hosiery Co., Inc. v. Shore, 439 U.S. 322, 331, 99 S.Ct. 645, 58 L.Ed.2d 552 (1979). I recognize, however, that default judgments are generally not given collateral estoppel effect because the court issuing the judgment was not able to decide the issue in an adversarial context. Bush, 62 F.3d at 1323.
Several federal courts, however, have articulated an exception to this general rule. Cornwell v. Loesch (In re Cornwell), 109 Fed.Appx. 682 (5th Cir.2004); Herbstein v. Bruetman, 32 Fed.Appx. 158 (7th Cir.2002); Wolstein v. Docteroff (In re Docteroff), 133 F.3d 210, 215 (3rd Cir. 1997); Bush, 62 F.3d at 1324; FDIC v. Daily (In re Daily), 47 F.3d 365, 367 (9th Cir.1995); McCart v. Jordana (In re Jordana), 232 B.R. 469, 472 (10th Cir. BAP 1999) aff'd 216 F.3d 1087 (10th Cir.2000). Those courts have ruled that if a party substantially participates in litigation prior to the entry of a default judgment, a federal court can apply collateral estoppel and prevent that party from relitigating the issues decided by the judgment. See, e.g., Bush, 62 F.3d at 1323; Daily, 47 F.3d at 368; but see Federal Ins. Co. v. Gilson (In re Gilson), 250 B.R. 226, 233-235 (Bankr.E.D.Va.2000) (rejecting exception set forth in Bush and Daily after concluding standard too unclear).
Given that a majority of courts of appeal have found an exception to the general rule that collateral estoppel does not apply to a default judgment, I will adopt such an exception. Accordingly, if I find that Pomeroy substantially participated in the District Court Matter, I will apply collateral estoppel with respect to the that judgment in this adversary proceeding. Exactly what constitutes substantial participation, however, is not defined. Accordingly, a review of the facts of the foregoing cases is instructive.
In Cornwell, the debtor appealed the decision of the bankruptcy court that applied collateral estoppel to a federal district court decision. 109 Fed.Appx. at 683. Prior to reaching the Fifth Circuit, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas, which had to address the sufficiency of the evidence before the bankruptcy court, explained the nature of the judgment issued against the debtor by the district court in Kansas as follows:
In essence, the Kansas Court’s judgment amounts to a post-answer default judgment against the Appellants, issued as a sanction for their gross failure to comply with orders of the court. Perhaps the best evidence for this is the Motion for Judgment filed by the Appel-lees. The Appellees did not move for summary judgment under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56(c). Rather, in their Motion, the Appellees sought entry of “judgment against Defendants Ro-ber W. Cornwell [and] Joel Stanley ... on the grounds that they have flagrantly failed to comply with [the] Court’s Scheduling Order of October 30, 2001.” Record at 152. It is undisputed that the record ... fully details the ‘discovery abuses and dilatory tactics’ of the Appellants, as well as the sanctionary nature of its judgment.
Cornwell v. Loesch, No. Civ.A. 3:03-CV-2826P, 2004 WL 614848, *5 (N.D.Tex. 2004).
The court went on to explain that the debtors had failed to comply with court orders and discovery deadlines and failed to file required disclosures despite having been warned to do so. Id. The debtors avoided contempt based upon agreements to comply with discovery but failed to so proceed. Id.
On appeal, the Fifth Circuit recognized that it has repeatedly applied collateral estoppel to a default judgment which a state court issued. 109 Fed.Appx. at 684. The court then went on to conclude:
If there was evidence for the bankruptcy court to conclude that the Kansas judgment was a post-answer default entered as a sanction for discovery violations, it could conclude that the issue was ‘actually litigated’ and issue preclusion applied. As shown by the above-quoted Kansas district court judgment, the bankruptcy court did not err in concluding that the issue was a sanction which made it ‘actually litigated’ for estoppel purposes. For the reasons stated by the district court, Cornwell and Stanley’s contention ... is without merit.... Moreover, that the Kansas judgment was a default judgment was apparently conceded in bankruptcy court by Corn-well and Stanley.
Id. at 684-5.
In Bruetman, the Seventh Circuit entered an order affirming the lower courts’ application of collateral estoppel to a federal default judgment. 32 Fed.Appx. 158. The district court decision Herbstein v. Bruetman, 266 B.R. 676 (N.D.Ill.2001), and the bankruptcy court decision Herbstein v. Bruetman (In re Bruetman), 259 B.R. 649 (Bankr.N.D.Ill.2001), provide the facts of the default. The parties had a long history of litigating the issue of a failed investment relationship. When the matter reached the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, the parties engaged in extensive discovery, hired expert witnesses and participated in a pre-trial. 259 B.R. at 658. When the matter was close to trial, however, the court ordered Bruetman to make certain disclosures. Bruetman failed to comply despite warnings of default and his attorney wrote to the court acknowledging that possibility. The district court judge entered a default judgment for Bruetman’s failure to comply with court orders. Id.
The bankruptcy court, in the subsequent dischargeability matter, determined that the answer, significant discovery and motions were sufficient participation warranting application of collateral estoppel. 259 B.R. at 664. The district court adopted the exception found in Daily, Bush and Bruetman, 266 B.R. at 684-85, and concluded that the facts substantiated applying collateral estoppel to the bankruptcy court proceeding. Id. In a brief decision, the Seventh Circuit agreed. 32 Fed.Appx at 158.
In Docteroff, the Third Circuit cited to the district court decision which contained a description of Docteroff s conduct during the matters before that court. Wolstein v. Bernardin, 159 F.R.D. 546 (W.D.Wash. 1994). The district court explained that Docteroff evaded a scheduled deposition to the point where the court was required to order Docteroff to attend a deposition and mediation. He did not attend the deposition on the date ordered and when he finally did appear, he lied about his failure to attend the court-ordered deposition. Docteroff was similarly unhelpful with respect to producing documents. The court renewed the hearing on the motion for sanctions and also scheduled its own show cause hearing. The parties sent in their local counsel to defend. The court concluded that the non-compliance was willful and in bad faith. It explained that if the appearance “on the dates ordered by this Court was too great a burden, their sole remedy was to be sought from the Court, not from [opposing counsel].” 159 F.R.D. at 552. The court then issued a sanction of a default judgment after applying a five-part test.
Based upon that decision, the Third Circuit found that Docteroff extensively participated by filing an answer, engaging lawyers, participating to a degree in discovery and corresponding with opposing counsel. Docteroff, 133 F.3d at 215. The court found that when he realized he would not prevail, he willfully obstructed discovery. As such, the court concluded the matter was actually litigated and affirmed the lower court application of collateral estoppel in a nondischargeability hearing. Id. at 217.
The Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals also considered whether to uphold the application of collateral estoppel in a nondis-chargeability proceeding to a default judgment in a lawsuit based upon allegations of fraud. Bush, 62 F.3d at 1322. In Bush, the debtor filed an answer and counterclaim, and participated in discovery. Bush, 62 F.3d at 1322. The court found that Bush’s attorney had so much difficulty contacting Bush that the district court allowed him to withdraw from the case and granted Bush’s motion to proceed pro se. Id. After that point, Bush failed to produce exhibits despite repeated requests, and failed to appear for a properly noticed deposition. Id. In response to the motion for sanctions under Fed.R.Civ.P. 37, Bush claimed he had been out of state. Id. Bush then failed to appear for the pre-trial conference where the court heard oral argument on the motion for sanctions. Id. A pretrial order was entered granting the plaintiff a judgment by default, to which Bush filed no objections. Id.
The Eleventh Circuit found that Bush had actively participated in the case for almost a year. Id. at 1324. He hired counsel, answered, counterclaimed and sought discovery. Id. He then refused to produce documents and appear at depositions. Id. Although he responded to the motion for sanctions, he failed to appear at a pre-trial. Id. As a sanction for his shortcomings, the court entered a default judgment. Id. at 1325. In affirming, the Eleventh Circuit concluded that Bush had a full and fair opportunity to defend and ample warning of the conclusive effect of his behavior. Id. In considering the holding in Daily, the court noted:
Without denying Daily his day in court, application of the doctrine served its central purposes of ‘protecting] [the prevailing party] from the expense and vexation attending multiple lawsuits, conserving] judicial resources, and fostering] reliance on judicial action by minimizing the possibility of inconsistent decisions.’ By contrast, denying preclu-sive effect to the [prior] judgment on the ground that the issues relevant to discharge were not fully tried in that proceeding would permit Daily to delay substantially and perhaps ultimately avoid payment of the debt by deliberate abuse of the judicial process.
Id.
In Daily, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals considered whether a federal court default judgment precluded relitigation in the bankruptcy proceeding on the issue of the debtor’s fraud. Daily, 47 F.3d at 368. Daily had filed his bankruptcy case prior to the FDIC’s request to join him as a defendant in a civil action in federal district court. Id. at 366. In the bankruptcy court, Daily agreed to a stipulation modifying the automatic stay so that the FDIC could proceed against Daily in the district court action. Id. at 367. The stipulation contained terms for the effect of a judgment for the FDIC in further proceedings before the bankruptcy court. Id.
The matter then returned to the district court and Daily failed to respond to the FDIC’s discovery requests for a period of nearly two years. Id. Daily’s actions during that time period are set forth in FDIC v. Daily, 973 F.2d 1525 (10th Cir.1992). In that decision, the Tenth Circuit explained that Daily had been granted two extensions to respond to discovery. Id. at 1528. When the FDIC moved to compel, Daily responded that he would do so. Id. at 1528-9. The motion was granted and Daily did not respond. Id. at 1529. The FDIC then moved for a default judgment under Fed.R.Civ.P. 37 and thereafter Daily responded to the interrogatories by either asserting the Fifth Amendment or claiming insufficient knowledge. He produced no requested documents and did not sufficiently respond to the order to do so. Id. The court then granted the default judgment. Id. The Tenth Circuit affirmed ruling that the district court did not abuse its discretion when it ruled that default judgment was proper when the other side had been prejudiced by the delay, Daily’s tactics had interfered with the important role of discovery, Daily had ignored the order to compel and must be bound by the actions of his counsel.
After the default judgment entered in the district court, the FDIC subsequently moved for summary judgment in the bankruptcy court and the court, relying on the default judgment, granted the motion. 47 F.3d at 367. Daily then argued before the Ninth Circuit that his fraud had not been actually litigated. Id. at 368. The court concluded that Daily’s failure to participate in discovery for two years and thwart the FDIC’s trial preparation demonstrated that although he had a full and fair opportunity to defend, Daily precluded resolution through the adjudicative process. Id.
In the case before the Bankruptcy Appellate Panel for the Tenth Circuit, the court had to consider a default judgment entered against a debtor in a federal district court. McCart v. Jordana (In re Jordana), 232 B.R. 469 (10th Cir. BAP 1999), aff'd, 216 F.3d 1087 (10th Cir.2000). In that case, the debtor refused to obtain new counsel after his counsel withdrew even after the court advised him otherwise. He explained that God was his counsel. He did not answer the complaint despite admonishments from the court. He did not respond to discovery and absconded with the original copy of his deposition and refused to return it. Jordana, 232 B.R. at 471-2. The debtor wrote to the court in defense of the request for default judgment, the plaintiff responded and the court entered the default judgment. The debtor then filed for relief and the bankruptcy court applied collateral es-toppel in the subsequent adversary proceeding.
The appellate panel described the debt- or’s actions as misconduct, misbehavior and obfuscation. It found that the debtor had had a full and fair opportunity to litigate the issues. The debtor in the case did not simply choose not to defend but participated for two years.
The foregoing authority cautions that a court may exercise its discretion to not apply collateral estoppel if the court finds that there were mitigating circumstances which precluded a party from continuing to participate in a proceeding. Bush, 62 F.3d 1319 (11th Cir.1995). In Bush, the court explained that a court may declined to apply collateral estoppel if “the amount of money at stake or the inconvenience of the forum might disincline a defendant to offer a defense.” Id. at 1325 n. 8. It also ruled that if a default were “ordinary,” estoppel may not be appropriate. Id. In Bush, however, the Eleventh Circuit found that “the amount of money was substantial, the forum was convenient and Bush did, in fact, participate in the litigation long after the issue was joined.” Id.
If a defendant does not contest a lawsuit, these courts suggest that collateral estoppel should not be applied. Gober, 100 F.3d at 1205; Bush, 62 F.3d at 1325 n. 8; Gilson, 250 B.R. at 235; In re Gottheiner, 703 F.2d 1136, 1140 (9th Cir.1983) (“a party may decide that the amount at stake does not justify the expense and vexation of putting up a fight. The defaulting party will certainly lose that lawsuit, but the default judgment is not given collateral estoppel effect.”). Likewise, a party seeking to conserve his own and judicial resources by choosing to contest a proceeding in a different forum such as the bankruptcy court can be relevant. See Marlee Elec. Corp. v. Antonakis (In re Antonakis), 207 B.R. 201, 206 (Bankr.E.D.Cal.1997) (declining to apply collateral estoppel where debtor ran out of funds prior to filing an answer).
Before turning to the case before me, it is instructive to consider the reason for and ability of a court to enter a default judgment as a sanction for abuse of the discovery process. Judge Selya has explained that a default judgment is a sanction which should be imposed when a litigant’s misconduct is extreme. Young v. Gordon, 330 F.3d 76, 81 (1st Cir.2003). He continues, “[w]e have recognized, however, that disobedience of court orders is inimical to the orderly administration of justice and, in and of itself, can constitute extreme misconduct.” Id. In Young, Judge Selya considered the plaintiffs proffered excuses for failure to abide by court orders regarding discovery and rejected each one. Id. at 81-2. Judge Selya explained that a sanction of dismissal does not require a finding of bad faith and “the mere fact that a litigant or lawyer may have had other priorities does not constitute a bulletproof excuse for noncompliance with a court order.” Id. at 82.
The unopposed facts in this case establish that in the District Court Matter, Pomeroy hired counsel and filed an answer and affirmative defenses. Pomeroy initially responded to discovery. Pomeroy objected to a preliminary injunction and then assented to a stipulation regarding the equitable relief. Pomeroy then failed to comply with discovery and violated the terms of the preliminary injunction. ISG moved for an accounting which had previously been ordered under the terms of the preliminary injunction and the court entered an order granting that motion. Pomeroy again did not comply. ISG moved for sanctions based upon the failure to comply with discovery and the failure to comply with the terms of the injunction. The district court scheduled a hearing on that motion and ordered Pomeroy to appear and show cause why he should not be held in contempt. Pomeroy’s counsel appeared at that hearing. The district court granted the sanctions and held Pomeroy in contempt of court. The court requested that ISG file a request for default. ISG filed the request and the court entered the same. The court held a hearing on the default judgment and ordered further information. Judge Zobel then entered a default judgment as a sanction for Pomer-oy’s lack of participation. In so doing, she specified the grounds for the amount of the judgment and made findings with respect to the violations of Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A. Pomeroy never dismissed his counsel and the affidavits that the parties submitted demonstrate that Pomeroy was making payments to his former counsel’s firm during the course of the District Court Matter. At no point during these 18 months did Pomeroy indicate to ISG or Judge Zobel the reasons why he choose not to participate in the litigation.
Certainly, the circuit court decisions above describe actions that run along a continuum from the incipient stage in Palmer to the unquestionably significant involvement described in Bruetman. I disagree with the court in Gilson, however, that picking a point along that line to determine substantial participation is too arbitrary. Federal Ins. Co. v. Gilson (In re Gilson), 250 B.R. 226 (Bankr.E.D.Va. 2000). Pomeroy exceeded the incipient stage and while he is not at the Bruetman or Docterojf stage, the facts in this case are comparable to those set forth in Corn-well, Bush and Daily.
Pomeroy offers as a mitigating factor the fact that he ran out of funds to defend himself. In support of this defense, Pomeroy provided the first affidavit of his former counsel in which his counsel explained that Pomeroy instructed him to only respond to that requested of the district court and then instructed him to not defend the matter. The assertions, however, do not comport with the docket in the District Court Matter. During the summer of 2002, Pomeroy’s counsel did more than simply respond to the district court, he opposed the preliminary injunction and then agreed to the entry of a stipulation and order. He conferred with opposing counsel regarding discovery. After his counsel contends that he was to terminate defending the matter, he appeared in the district court for the show cause hearings.
Pomeroy also directed the Court to the partial account of his payments to his counsel and his counsel’s second affidavit. That account reflects that during the District Court Matter, Pomeroy was paying his counsel. Pomeroy’s former counsel alluded to the fact that those payments were being applied to litigation which was ongoing and that those payments were from friends and family.
Even if I were to decide that such meager evidence supports this assertion, that evidence does not support his allegation. The other litigation before Judge Zobel was voluntarily dismissed not long after the commencement of the District Court Matter. The criminal matter was not commenced until the District Court Matter was largely concluded. While Pomeroy’s counsel referred to other matters pending, he failed to described or detail the matters to which he alluded. During the duration of the District Court Matter, Pomeroy was paying his counsel and his counsel appeared before the district court. At no time did Pomeroy seek to dismiss his counsel or did his counsel seek permission to withdraw due to lack of payment. At no time did he appear pro se or by counsel to explain his contempt of court. At best, he simply chose not to apply his payments to defend this litigation. As Judge Selya explained, this is not a bullet proof excuse and indeed given the paucity of evidence regarding this defense and the unopposed facts to the contrary, I conclude that this defense lacks merit.
IV. Conclusion
Based upon the foregoing cases and the facts in this case, I conclude that Pomeroy substantially participated in the District Court Matter. I further conclude that Pomeroy did not offer supportive substantive facts which would mitigate this conclusion. As such, collateral estoppel applies to findings in the District Court Matter. As those findings are identical to what this Court must find for a judgment under 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(2)(A), summary judgment is appropriate. Having so concluded, I need not address the issue of claim preclusion. A separate order will enter.
. ISG’s complaint alleges that SB Global was a "Pomeroy-controlled corporation," an allegation that Pomeroy denies. See Plaintiffs Complaint Objecting to Discharge, ¶ 15 (the "Complaint”).
. The parties do not dispute the facts regarding the District Court Matter. ISG provided a copy of the docket and many of the pleadings. I may take judicial notice of any further pleadings contained in that docket. In re Marrama, 345 B.R. 458, 463 n. 9 (Bankr.D.Mass.2006).
. The stipulation referred to and adopted a portion of the preliminary injunction which had entered in another Pomeroy matter before Judge Zobel. See supra note 6. The stipulation specified that a termination of that proceeding would not have the effect of terminating the preliminary injunction in the District Court Matter absent an order of the court or the consent of the parties.
. The docket in the District Court Matter does not provide a copy of the motion for an accounting or a copy of the order. According to ISG in its motion for sanctions, as a result of the motion and order, the defendants were once again ordered to provide an accounting under oath.
. ISG served the first set in September 2003 and the second set in March 2004.
. Pomeroy’s pleadings and affidavits by his former attorney reflect that during the District Court Matter, Pomeroy was a defendant in another district court lawsuit before Judge Zobel. This lawsuit was commenced in November 2001 and voluntarily dismissed in October 2002 with mutual releases. Pomeroy asserts that during this litigation and the District Court Matter, he had other legal problems including being the subject of criminal investigations by the United States Department of Justice. A criminal charge was filed against him in Florida in April 2004. Pomer-oy plead guilty in May 2004 and was sentenced in July 2004. Pomeroy was not fined in that case.
. See Defendant’s Response to Plaintiffs Motion for Leave to File Supplemental Statement of Undisputed Material Facts, Docket No. 31, Further Affidavit of Gary C. Crossen, p. 1, ¶ 2.
. The First Circuit recognized but did not address this issue in Commonwealth of Mass. v. Hale, 618 F.2d 143, 146 (1st Cir.1980) (declining to decide whether collateral estop-pel can be applied to a default judgment in a dischargeability matter). In two cases in this district, the courts declined to apply collateral estoppel to state court judgments under state collateral estoppel. See Staniunas v. Delisle (In re Delisle), 281 B.R. 457 (Bankr.D.Mass. 2002) and Phalon v. Varrasso (In re Varrasso), 194 B.R. 537 (Bankr.D.Mass. 1996). In a matter involving collateral estoppel and a state court judgment issued after an unopposed motion for summary judgment, Judge Laskar explained that in order to determine if a matter was actually litigated a court needs to look at the defendant’s good faith excuse. Polechronis v. Cape Code Needleworks, Inc. (In re Polechronis), 186 B.R. 1, 4 (D.Mass.1995). If the defendant’s lack of objection was tactical, it would be appropriate to consider the matter actually litigated. Id. None of these decisions, however, are on point or binding with respect to the matter before this Court.
. This decision is an unpublished decision pursuant to Rule 47.5.4 of the local rules of the Fifth Circuit.
. The Seventh Circuit affirmed in an order that was not published pursuant to its local rules that provide that orders are not to be published.
.Recently, the Second Circuit declined to decide whether to adopt this exception. Mishkin v. Gurian (In re Adler, Coleman Clearing Corp.), No. 05-6245-BK, 2006 WL 2374238 *1 n. 2 (2nd Cir.2006). In a non-bankruptcy setting, the Sixth Circuit affirmed the district court ruling that applied collateral estoppel to a default judgment. Overseas Motors Inc. v. Import Motors Ltd., Inc., 375 F.Supp. 499, 516, aff'd 519 F.2d 119 (6th Cir. 1975). The Fourth Circuit has decided this issue but in the context of a discharge-ability matter based upon a state court judgment. Pahlavi v. Ansari (In re Ansari), 113 F.3d 17 (4th Cir.1997) (applying Virginia law, used collateral estoppel where default judgment was product of evidentiary damages hearing).
. One such case to which it and many other cases cite regarding the application of collateral estoppel to a default judgment is Gober v. Terra + Corp. (In re Gober), 100 F.3d 1195 (5th Cir.1996). In that case, the Fifth Circuit decided the matter by looking to the law of Texas.
. Conversely, the Ninth Circuit held in I.R.S. v. Palmer (In re Palmer), 207 F.3d 566 (9th Cir.2000) that collateral estoppel could not apply because the debtor did not substantially participate. In that case, the debtor filed an action against the IRS but then ceased to prosecute the same. The court would not apply collateral estoppel as the debtor abandoned the litigation at too incipient a stage.
. The First Circuit has explained that civil contempt "may be imposed to compel compliance with a court order or to compensate a party harmed by non-compliance. U.S. v. Saccoccia, 433 F.3d 19 (1st Cir.2005). It can only be established if the violation of the order is 'clear and unambiguous.' " AccuSoft Corp. v. Palo, 237 F.3d 31 (1st Cir.2001).
. In his response to the motion for summary judgment, Debtor’s counsel asserts that the Debtor ceased defending the District Court Matter because he anticipated litigating the matter in the bankruptcy court. This assertion is not established in the affidavits or by any other evidence.
| CASELAW |
Hitfun
In Mandaean cosmology, Hiṭfun (written Mandaic: Hiṭpun) or Hiṭfon (Hiṭpon) is a great dividing river separating the World of Darkness from the World of Light. It is mentioned in Hymn 25 of the third book of the Left Ginza. The river of Hiṭfun is analogous to the river Styx in Greek mythology and Hubur in Mesopotamian mythology.
It is also known as hapiqia mia or hafiqia mia, which means "streams/springs of water" or "outflowing water." The water is fresh, and is located in a realm that is situated between Abatur's and Yushamin's realms.
In Mandaean scriptures
The Scroll of Abatur has many illustrations of boats ferrying souls across this river.
According to the 1012 Questions, masiqta rituals are needed to guide departed souls across the river and into the World of Light.
In chapters 36, 51, and 55 of the Mandaean Book of John, the river Kšaš is the river that the souls of the dead must cross in order to reach the World of Light. | WIKI |
cparrish817 cparrish817 - 1 year ago 57
Python Question
Retrieving Submitted Greetings in the Tutorial
I'm working though the GAE Tutorial and I'm getting the following error.
File "/Users/cparrish/bin/guestbook/guestbook.py", line 62, in get
for greeting in greetings:
NameError: global name 'greetings' is not defined
So I think the problem is here somewhere.
greetings_query = Greeting.query(
ancestor = guestbook_key(guestbook_name)).order(-Greeting.date)
greeetings = greetings_query.fetch(10)
for greeting in greetings:
if greeting.author:
self.response.write(
'<b>%s</b> wrote:' % greeting.author.nickname())
Which are lines 58 - 66
So I'm wondering if anyone else can see what I'm apparently missing here.
Full code base below.
import cgi
import urllib
from google.appengine.api import users
from google.appengine.ext import ndb
import webapp2
MAIN_PAGE_FOOTER_TEMPLATE = """\
<form action="/sign?%s" method="post">
<div><textarea name="content" rows="3" cols="60"></textarea></div>
<div><input type="submit" value="Sign Guestbook"></div>
</form>
<hr>
<form>Guestbook name:
<input value="%s" name="guestbook_name">
<input type="submit" value="switch">
</from>
<a href="%s">%s</a>
</body>
</html>
"""
DEFAULT_GUESTBOOK_NAME = 'default_guestbook'
# We set a parent key on the 'Greetings' to ensure that they are all in the same
# entity group. Queries across the signle entity group will be consistent.
# However, the write rate should be limited to -1/second.
def guestbook_key(guestbook_name="DEFAULT_GUESTBOOK_NAME"):
""" Constructs a Datastore key for a Guestbook entity with guestbook_name. """
return ndb.Key('Guestbook', guestbook_name)
class Greeting(ndb.Model):
"""Models an individual Guestbook entry with author, content, and date. """
author = ndb.UserProperty()
content = ndb.StringProperty( indexed = False )
date = ndb.DateTimeProperty( auto_now_add = True )
class MainPage(webapp2.RequestHandler):
def get(self):
self.response.write('<html><body>')
guestbook_name = self.request.get('guestbook_name', DEFAULT_GUESTBOOK_NAME)
# Ancestor Queries, as shown here, are strongly consisten with the High
# Replication Datastore. Queries that span entity groups are eventually
# consisten. If we omitted the ancestor from this query there would be
# a slight chance that Greetings that had just been written would not
# show up in a query.
greetings_query = Greeting.query(
ancestor = guestbook_key(guestbook_name)).order(-Greeting.date)
greeetings = greetings_query.fetch(10)
for greeting in greetings:
if greeting.author:
self.response.write(
'<b>%s</b> wrote:' % greeting.author.nickname())
else:
self.response.write('An anonymous person wrote:')
self.response.write('<blockquote>%s</blockquote' %
cgi.escape(greeting.content))
if users.get_current_user():
url = users.create_logout_url(self.request.uri)
url_linktext = 'Logout'
else:
url = users.create_login_url(self.request.uri)
url_linktext = 'Login'
# Write the submission form and the footer of the page
sign_query_parms = urllib.urlencode({'guestbook_name': guestbook_name})
self.response.write(MAIN_PAGE_FOOTER_TEMPLATE % (sign_query_parms, cgi.escape(guestbook_name), url, url_linktext))
class Guestbook(webapp2.RequestHandler):
def post(self):
# We set the same parent key on the 'Greeting' to ensure each getting
# is in the same entity group. Queries across the single entity group
# will be consistent. However, the write reate to a sing entity groupo
# should be limited to ~1/second.
guestbook_name = self.request.get('guestbook_name',
DEFAULT_GUESTBOOK_NAME)
greeting = Greeting(parent=guestbook_key(guestbook_name))
if users.get_current_user():
greeting.author = users.get_current_user()
greeting.content = self.request.get('content')
greeting.put()
query_params = {'guestbook_name': guestbook_name}
self.redirect('/?' + urllib.urlencode(query_params))
application = webapp2.WSGIApplication([
('/', MainPage),
('/sign', Guestbook),
], debug=True)
Answer Source
There are three e's in your assignment of greeetings.
greeetings = greetings_query.fetch(10)
for greeting in greetings:
One of these es is not like the others, one of these es just doesn't belong...
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Page:Works of Jules Verne - Parke - Vol 6.djvu/213
"Which we will respect," interrupted Cyrus Harding quickly. "If he has committed any crime, he has most fearfully expiated it, and in our eyes he is absolved."
For two hours the stranger remained alone on the shore, evidently under the influence of recollections which recalled all his past life—a melancholy life doubtless—and the colonists, without losing sight of him, did not attempt to disturb his solitude. However, after two hours, appearing to have formed a resolution, he came to find Cyrus Harding. His eyes were red with the tears he had shed, but he wept no longer. His countenance expressed deep humility. He appeared anxious, timorous, ashamed, and his eyes were constantly fixed on the ground. "Sir," said he to Harding, "your companions and you, are you English?"
"No," answered the engineer, we are Americans."
"Ah!" said the stranger, and murmured, "I prefer that!"
"And you, my friend?" asked the engineer.
"English," replied he hastily.
And as if these few words had been difficult to say, he retreated to the beach, where he walked up and down in a state of extreme agitation.
Then, passing one moment close to Herbert, he stopped and in a stifled voice, "What month?" he asked.
"December," replied Herbert.
"What year?"
"1866."
"Twelve years! twelve years!" he exclaimed.
Then he left him abruptly. Herbert reported to the colonsistscolonists [sic] the questions and answers which had been made.
"This unfortunate man," observed Gideon Spilett, "was no longer acquainted with either months or years!"
"Yes!" added Herbert, "and he had been twelve years already on the islet when we found him there!"
"Twelve years!" rejoined Harding. "Ah! twelve years of solitude, after a wicked life, perhaps, may well impair a man's reason!"
"I am induced to think," said Pencroft, "that this man was not wrecked on Tabor Island, but that in consequence of some crime he was left there."
"You must be right, Pencroft," replied the reporter, | WIKI |
Customizing Istio Metrics
This task shows you how to customize the metrics that Istio generates.
Istio generates telemetry that various dashboards consume to help you visualize your mesh. For example, dashboards that support Istio include:
By default, Istio defines and generates a set of standard metrics (e.g. requests_total), but you can also customize them and create new metrics.
Custom statistics configuration
Istio uses the Envoy proxy to generate metrics and provides its configuration in the EnvoyFilter at manifests/charts/istio-control/istio-discovery/templates/telemetryv2_1.6.yaml.
Configuring custom statistics involves two sections of the EnvoyFilter: definitions and metrics. The definitions section supports creating new metrics by name, the expected value expression, and the metric type (counter, gauge, and histogram). The metrics section provides values for the metric dimensions as expressions, and allows you to remove or override the existing metric dimensions. You can modify the standard metric definitions using tags_to_remove or by re-defining a dimension.
For more information, see Stats Config reference.
Before you begin
Install Istio in your cluster and deploy an application. Alternatively, you can set up custom statistics as part of the Istio installation.
Enable custom metrics
Edit the the EnvoyFilter to add or modify dimensions and metrics. Then, add annotations to all the Istio-enabled pods to extract the new or modified dimensions.
1. Find the stats-filter-1.6 EnvoyFilter resource from the istio-system namespace, using the following command:
$ kubectl -n istio-system get envoyfilter | grep ^stats-filter-1.6
stats-filter-1.6 2d
2. Create a local file system copy of the EnvoyFilter configuration, using the following command:
$ kubectl -n istio-system get envoyfilter stats-filter-1.6 -o yaml > stats-filter-1.6.yaml
3. Open stats-filter-1.6.yaml with a text editor and locate the envoy.wasm.stats extension configuration. The default configuration is in the configuration section and looks like this example:
{
"debug": "false",
"stat_prefix": "istio"
}
4. Edit stats-filter-1.6.yaml and modify the configuration section for each instance of the extension configuration. For example, to add destination_port and request_host dimensions to the standard requests_total metric, change the configuration section to look like the following. Istio automatically prefixes all metric names with istio_, so omit the prefix from the name field in the metric specification.
{
"debug": "false",
"stat_prefix": "istio",
"metrics": [
{
"name": "requests_total",
"dimensions": {
"destination_port": "string(destination.port)",
"request_host": "request.host"
}
}
]
}
5. Save stats-filter-1.6.yaml and then apply the configuration using the following command:
$ kubectl -n istio-system apply -f stats-filter-1.6.yaml
6. Apply the following annotation to all injected pods with the list of the dimensions to extract into a Prometheus time series using the following command:
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
spec:
template:
metadata:
annotations:
sidecar.istio.io/extraStatTags: destination_port,request_host
Verify the results
Use the following command to verify that Istio generates the data for your new or modified dimensions:
$ kubectl exec pod-name -c istio-proxy -- curl 'localhost:15000/stats/prometheus' | grep istio
For example, in the output, locate the metric istio_requests_total and verify it contains your new dimension.
Use expressions for values
The values in the metric configuration are common expressions, which means you must double-quote strings in JSON, e.g. “‘string value’”. Unlike Mixer expression language, there is no support for the pipe (|) operator, but you can emulate it with the has or in operator, for example:
has(request.host) ? request.host : "unknown"
For more information, see Common Expression Language.
Istio exposes all standard Envoy attributes. Additionally, you can use the following extra attributes.
AttributeTypeValue
listener_directionint64Enumeration value for listener direction
listener_metadatametadataPer-listener metadata
route_metadatametadataPer-route metadata
cluster_metadatametadataPer-cluster metadata
nodenodeNode description
cluster_namestringUpstream cluster name
route_namestringRoute name
filter_statemap[string, bytes]Per-filter state blob
plugin_namestringWasm extension name
plugin_root_idstringWasm root instance ID
plugin_vm_idstringWasm VM ID
For more information, see configuration reference.
Was this information useful?
Do you have any suggestions for improvement?
Thanks for your feedback! | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Motor racing-Williams expect Stroll to make mistakes
LONDON, Dec 8 (Reuters) - Williams expect Formula One rookie Lance Stroll to make mistakes next season but believe the Canadian teenager is also the “real deal”. “Of course he’ll make mistakes and we’ll be repairing cars. These things happen as part of the process,” the team’s technical head Pat Symonds told Reuters. “If you look at his Formula Three career, in 2015 he was having quite a few accidents in that. The Monza one is just staggering.” Stroll, who won the European Formula Three title this year, had a spectacular crash at the Italian circuit during the previous season when his car flew into the barriers after rolling at speed. This season he won the championship with four races to spare and finished with 14 wins, 14 pole positions and a 185-point margin of victory. “He hasn’t won that championship with anything other than a lot of skill and maturity,” said Symonds. “For a guy that young he’s driven really well in pretty well every condition. He’s raced well, he’s led at the front. “He’s come through the field a bit, he’s driven well in the wet. He is the real deal.” Symonds, who has worked with the late Ayrton Senna and seven-times champion Michael Schumacher in his long career, said Red Bull’s 19-year-old driver Max Verstappen, who won in Spain this year, had shown what youngsters could do. “You don’t have to be well on your way to a pension before you get in these things (F1 cars),” he said. Montreal-born Stroll, whose father Lawrence is worth $2.4 billion according to forbes.com, will be the first Canadian to race in Formula One since 1997 world champion Jacques Villeneuve retired in 2006. He also follows in the footsteps of Finland’s Valtteri Bottas and 2009 world champion Jenson Button who both joined Williams as young rookies from GP3 and Formula Three respectively. “We firmly believe in the talent that Lance has and I’m really looking forward to seeing how he’ll do,” deputy team principal Claire Williams told Reuters at last month’s season-ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix. “We believe in his talent and think he deserves his place. We had many options available to us but he was the one that we thought really for us was the whole package.” Mercedes-powered Williams finished the season fifth overall. Reporting by Alan Baldwin, editing by Neil Robinsion | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Skip to main content
287. Find the Duplicate Number
分析
这道题二分的思路挺难想的 （二分查找除了对索引二分，还有值域二分）
体会 count 数量 与 mid 之间的关系
利用环的方法更难想 QAQ 「这辈子是不可能了👀」
用 [1,2,2,3] 作为例子
nums[1] = 2 1 -> 2
nums[2] = 2 2 -> 2
1 -> 2 -> 2
用 nums[p] 拿到的是 nums 的 next
btw...
参考
题解
二分
const findDuplicate = (nums) => {
let low = 1
let high = nums.length - 1
while (low < high) {
const mid = (low + high) >> 1
let count = 0
for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
if (nums[i] <= mid) {
count++
}
}
if (count > mid) {
high = mid
} else {
low = mid + 1
}
}
return low
}
const findDuplicate = (nums) => {
let slow = nums[0], fast = nums[0]
while (slow && fast) {
slow = nums[slow]
fast = nums[nums[fast]]
if (slow === fast) {
fast = nums[0]
while (fast !== slow) {
fast = nums[fast]
slow = nums[slow]
}
return slow
}
}
}; | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
docker compose production
With docker compose production Virtual Private Servers (VPS) you’ll get reliable performance at unbeatable prices. Choose between five different VPS options, ranging from a small blog and web hosting Starter VPS to an Elite game hosting capable VPS.
Don’t let the poor performance from shared hosting weigh you down. Use an docker compose production VPS and get a dedicated environment with powerful processing, great storage options, snapshots, and up to 2 Gbps of unmetered bandwidth.
Conquer your projects. Whether you are a student wanting to get some real-world systems administrator experience, a hobbyist looking to host some games, or a professional in need of reliable hosting services, docker compose production has the right VPS for you.
To run this image, use the Docker Compose configuration located in the src/main/docker folder of your application:. docker-compose -f src/main/docker/app.yml up; This command will start up your application and the services it relies on (database, search engine, JHipster Registry…).
May 10, 2021 · pip install docker-compose. Note: Docker Compose requires Python 3.6 or later. Quick Start. Using Docker Compose is basically a three-step process: Define your app’s environment with a Dockerfile so it can be reproduced anywhere. Define the services that make up your app in docker-compose.yml so they can be run together in an isolated …
You can then use the Docker Compose Up command (right-click on the docker-compose.yml file, … Workspaces can have multiple docker-compose files to handle different environments like development, test, and production. The content of the configuration can be split into multiple files. For example, a base compose file that defines the common …
Docker makes development efficient and predictable … Create your multi-container application using Docker Compose. … staging and production – desktop or cloud-native. Deploy your applications in separate containers independently and in different languages. Reduce the risk of conflict between languages, libraries or frameworks.
Introduction to docker-compose up ‘docker-compose up’ is a Docker command to start and run an entire app on a standalone host that contains multiple services, for example, Web, DB, etc. It can also create volumes and networks at the same time and attach to the containers that are defined in a file called ‘docker-compose.yml’.
5. Connecting your local database instance to superset . When running Superset using docker or docker-compose it runs in its own docker container, as if the Superset was running in a separate machine entirely. Therefore attempts to connect to your local database with hostname localhost won’t work as localhost refers to the docker container Superset is running in, and …
Use docker-compose up / down, not docker-compose start / stop. Otherwise, the container is not properly destroyed and you may experience problems during startup because of inconsistent state. You are able to get a full overview of how the configuration works by either running:./setup.sh help which includes the options of setup.sh.
Mar 30, 2020 · The naive way to pass in secrets is using Docker build args, since they’re supported everywhere, including Docker Compose. Note: Outside any specific best practice being demonstrated, the Dockerfiles in this article are not examples of best practices, since the added complexity would obscure the main point of the article. Make sure your production …
Jan 12, 2021 · This tutorial will detail how to use docker build efficiently and leverage Docker Compose to achieve a seamless local development environment. We will use a demo Express.js application as an example. Let’s get started. … It is a kind of inheritance for Docker images. We are using a slim production stage and a more feature-rich, development …
Feb 14, 2017 · Even if you’re NOT in swarm mode, there is an option called –compatibility which will work with restart_policy, this will attempt to restart even if you’re not deploying.The only glitch, is the sub-keys of ‘delay’ and ‘window’ will be ignored. Here is an example: version: ‘3.7’ services: build: context: . dockerfile: Dockerfile container_name: example deploy: …
Traffic for your flex justify content VPS server is unlimited, with a maximum bandwidth of 1Gbps. This means you can host services or applications that require a high bandwidth, providing your customers with an optimal browsing experience at no extra cost. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
George Flynn (disambiguation)
George Flynn (born 1937) is an American composer and pianist.
George Flynn may also refer to:
* George Flynn (baseball) (1871–1901), baseball player
* George Flynn (movie producer) on Obsessed
* George Flynn (trombonist), jazz trombonist on So Damn Happy etc. and Broadway musician
* George J. Flynn, commander of Marine Corps Cyberspace Command
* George J. Flynn, publisher of Model Rocketry
* George W. Flynn, American physical chemist and professor | WIKI |
Questions tagged [2gp-ama]
This is a temporary tag for 2GP-related questions which should be considered by Salesforce for inclusion in the 2GP AMA ("Ask Me Anything") happening over Zoom on April 15, 2021.
Filter by
Sorted by
Tagged with
4 votes
1 answer
215 views
2GP Workflow and Upgrade Questions
I am having difficulty understanding the 2GP workflow. I have read through the documentation and have watched a number of videos but it is still not clicking for me. I was hoping to have someone point ...
user avatar
• 3,183
2 votes
1 answer
33 views
Is there a scripted/coded/API way to remove a metadata item from an Unlocked Package?
When an Unlocked Package is installed into a subscriber org, the metadata from the package is tagged as belonging to the package. In that subscriber org, we can go to the package details through the ...
user avatar
• 12.9k
0 votes
1 answer
47 views
Load data into object after Unlocked package
I want to load some data into an object after a package gets installed. I tried using a post-install script but seems these only work for Second-Generation Managed packages and not for Unlocked ...
user avatar
3 votes
2 answers
159 views
When referencing a 1GP connected app from a 2GP package, what happens when the certificate associated with the connected app is updated?
Given this detail about referencing an explicit version of a connected app from a 1GP managed package to include it in a 2GP package, what are the implications of updating an expiring certificate for ...
user avatar
• 22.4k
3 votes
1 answer
102 views
Page layout assignments in 2GP
We are working on 2GP for one of our applications. We are facing one issue that page layout assignment is not happening after the installation of 2GP. Our package contains everything including the ...
user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
743 views
This app can't be upgraded: Invalid Upgrade: The currently installed version does not share a common ancestor with this version
I am trying to upgrade from v0.6 to v0.7 of a Managed Package which uses 2GP. I am getting this error message: This app can't be upgraded. There are problems that prevent this package from being ...
user avatar
• 8,360
3 votes
1 answer
174 views
Package a custom field on LiveChatTranscript object using 2gp
We are creating an AppExchange application where we need to package a custom field on the LiveChatTranscript object. While creating a 2GP package, we are getting an error: LiveChatTranscript....
user avatar
• 2,232
1 vote
2 answers
162 views
Metadata Upgrade behaviour in Unlocked Packages
Do ALL metadata types in Unlocked Packages behave the same when the package is upgraded? I mean is every change done locally in the subscriber org overwritten by the new package always or are there ...
user avatar
9 votes
0 answers
322 views
Managed Package error emails behaviour changed?
I have a First-Generation Managed Package that was updated and released for years. It's current version is 6.0. I just recent added a User to the Package page to get error notifications as described ...
user avatar
5 votes
1 answer
239 views
Can a 2GP package include a post install page?
The sfdx-package.json allows specification of the postInstallUrl, documented as: None. A URL to post-install instructions for subscribers. First generation managed packages support a post ...
user avatar
• 28.1k
3 votes
1 answer
281 views
Can I delete a Platform Event from a Released 2GP Managed Package?
I am trying to confirm if I can delete a Platform Event after I've released it in a managed package. There is documentation which should outline this: Package and Distribute Your Apps: Components ...
user avatar
• 8,360
6 votes
2 answers
562 views
Permission set is deployed with unlocked package, but is missing permission. What could be the reason?
I am trying to deploy permission set with only one permission included: AllowViewEditConvertedLeads. I've created the unlocked package, and put this permission set there. Then, when I install this ...
user avatar
• 63
1 vote
1 answer
104 views
Unlink Namespace Dev Hub
Obviously you can link a namespace to a Dev Hub, but is it possible to unlink a namespace from a Dev Hub and link it to a new one?
user avatar
5 votes
1 answer
831 views
Difference between Unlocked vs Second Generation Managed Package
Bear with me, I'm not sure I fully understand what's given in the documentation. I understand the difference between 1GP vs 2GP. From what I read Unlocked Packages are different than Second-Generation ...
user avatar
• 1,323
1 vote
0 answers
80 views
Version (and keep) source of dependant Unlocked package in seperate folder
As I detail here I am going to install the external libraries I use when building Managed Packages in scratch orgs using dependencies in the sfdx-project.json being installed in an scratc-org ...
user avatar
8 votes
3 answers
2k views
Organize Managed Package Dependencies with Unlocked Packages
I build Managed Packages (with namespaces) for my ISV customers. I use external libraries and Open-Source frameworks like fflib or apex-domainbuilder and find dependency management gets more ...
user avatar
3 votes
2 answers
205 views
Second Generation Packages - Mismatching Versions
Is it possible to avoid mismatching version during Salesforce transition periods? Salesforce message Mismatching Versions. The AppExchange Application or component you have selected is not yet ...
user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
746 views
Second gen package error about a component being a scratch org ancestor? What does this mean?
My sfdx-project.json looks like this: { "packageDirectories": [ { "path": "force-app", "package": "my package", ...
user avatar
• 2,379
2 votes
1 answer
515 views
SFDX 2GP: cannot create new managed package version
I need to add a new class to an existing 2GP managed package. I get the following error when I attempt to create the package using the SF CLI. How do I resolve this issue when I attempt to build it? ...
user avatar
4 votes
0 answers
225 views
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1 answer
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| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Knowledge based response correction method for design of reconfigurable N-shaped microstrip patch antenna using inverse ANNs
AOAD A., ŞİMŞEK M., AYDIN Z.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL MODELLING-ELECTRONIC NETWORKS DEVICES AND FIELDS, cilt.30, 2017 (SCI İndekslerine Giren Dergi)
• Cilt numarası: 30
• Basım Tarihi: 2017
• Doi Numarası: 10.1002/jnm.2129
• Dergi Adı: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL MODELLING-ELECTRONIC NETWORKS DEVICES AND FIELDS
Özet
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been often used for engineering design problems. In this work, an inverse model of a reconfigurable N-shaped microstrip patch antenna which is formed by ANN is considered to find design parameters. For this task, knowledge-based response correction consists of two steps, which include generating response using multilayer perceptron as a first step and correcting this response using knowledge based methods such as source difference, prior knowledge input, and prior knowledge input with difference as a second step. The proposed antenna has four states of operation controlled by two Positive-Intrinsic-Negative (PIN) diodes with ON/OFF states. The two-step ANN models are inversely trained using the optimum of the resonant frequency parameter as the input and the physical dimensions of the proposed antenna as outputs of the multilayer perceptron. The outputs and, in some methods, the input parameters of the multilayer perceptron are sent as input to the knowledge-based models while the obtained outputs from the two steps are the results of the new physical dimensions of the redesigned reconfigurable antenna that will be compared and analyzed. This input/output complexity of the proposed reconfigurable antenna allows an accurate and fast inverse model to be developed with less training data. Users may use this antenna and its ANN models to develop new products in the market where any frequency in the operating region can be given to the input to result an appropriate form of the new reconfigurable antenna. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Grawells/sandbox
Sources: http://mrmedia.com/2007/05/carey-winfrey-smithsonian-magazine-editor-mr-media-interview-pt-1/ http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/most-interesting-16997/ http://www.columbia.edu/cu/pr/96/18849.html http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1985-01-31/entertainment/8501060749_1_food-magazine-cuisine-conde-nast-publications https://www.mcdonogh.org/news/1143/cum-laude-induction-life-lessons-from-carey-winfrey-59- http://www.medialifemagazine.com:8080/news2001/june01/june04/5_fri/news2friday.html http://www.smithsonianmag.com/author/carey-winfrey/ http://www.edutopia.org/learning-curves-carey-winfrey https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/carey-winfrey/starts-and-finishes-coming-of-age-in-the-fiftie/ http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2013/05/did-obama-forget-to-salute/ http://www.washingtonian.com/articles/people/first-person-goodbye-neighbors/ http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/reliable-source/post/smithsonian-editor-carey-winfrey--only-third-magazine-chief-in-40-years--announces-retirement/2011/04/07/AFb6XQxC_blog.html www.smithsonianmag.com/author/carey-winfrey/ https://www.mcdonogh.org/news/1143/cum-laude-induction-life-lessons-from-carey-winfrey-59- http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/carey-winfrey-named-editor-of-smithsonian-magazine-72095992.html http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1985-01-31/entertainment/8501060749_1_food-magazine-cuisine-conde-nast-publications http://www.milezerokeywest.com/event/fol-lecture-carey-winfrey/
Carey Winfrey is an American journalist. After an internship at the Public Broadcast Laboratory (PBL) and a Pulitzer Traveling Fellowship to Hong Kong in 1967 and 1968, he began work as a reporter and writer for Time magazine, where he primarily wrote the "Press" section. In 1971 he was hired by WNET/13 to produce a television program about journalism and the press, "Behind the Lines," which in 1975 won an Emmy award for "The Adversaries," a documentary about the relationship between U.S. presidents and the press. He became executive producer of “Assignment America,” a weekly interview and documentary series, in 1975, and executive producer of Local News and Public Affairs for WNET/13 the following year. In 1977 he joined the metropolitan desk of The New York Times as a reporter and in 1976 was awarded Columbia University’s Meyer Berger Award for Distinguished Reporting Reporting for “his witty and elegant stories of New York life, written with a perception equal to his style.” He was posted to Nairobi, Kenya to cover sub-Saharan Africa in 1979. There he covered three wars, the creation of Zimbabwe, and the ouster of Uganda dictator Idi Amin, among other stories. He left the Times in 1980 to write a screenplay for an independent film producer and returned to television the next year as a producer of “Mixed Bag,” a video arts magazine, for CBS Cable. In 1982, he joined CBS Magazines as director of video development. He became editor-in-chief of CBS’s Cuisine magazine in 1983; it was a National Magazine Award General Excellence finalist in 1984. In 1985, Winfrey became vice president, editorial director of CBS Magazines. He launched Memories magazine as its founding editor in 1988. Memories was named Advertising Age’s “Best New Magazine of 1989.” In 1990, Winfrey was appointed editor-in-chief of American Health, a Reader’s Digest publication. He was appointed the director of the Delacorte Center for Magazine Journalism at Columbia’s Graduate School of Journalism in 1996. The following year he was named an assistant managing editor of People magazine. He became editor-in-chief of Smithsonian magazine in July, 2001, from which he retired in October 2011. | WIKI |
16
I'm trying to get a handle on Mozilla Firefox's proprietary file format .jsonlz4, used, for example, for sessionstore-backups/recovery.jsonlz4, but to no avail.
How do I get back my data, specifically, some long text I've typed in some textareas of a crashed session? It's my data!
• 10
I wouldn't call the format proprietary. Granted, it's custom, not used anywhere outside Mozilla projects, but since the whole of Firefox—including the relevant (de)compression code—is free and open source, this format shouldn't be called proprietary. (P.S. I'm not talking of the branding, which is licensed differently.) – Ruslan Oct 4 '18 at 9:46
• 2
@Ruslan, but it is in fact proprietary — just because it's OSS doesn't make it non-proprietary, as there are zero standard tools to look into the content of these files, whereas all other files, even Java's JAR format, can easily be managed with 100% standard non-proprietary tools that are available in ports/packages of every decent UNIX system. OTOH, it is completely non-trivial to actually get back your own data from these .jsonlz4 files. – cnst Oct 6 '18 at 2:23
• 2
JsonLZ4 was a bad idea. – neverMind9 Mar 11 at 23:31
17
There's few Google results that actually result in doable solutions, but, as per https://www.reddit.com/r/firefox/comments/2ps6wg/jsonlz4_bookmark_backups/, the following appears to work most reliably:
• in about:config, toggle the devtools.chrome.enabled setting from the default of false to a value of true
• open Scratchpad from within Firefox:
• either with fn+Shift+F4 on a MacBook,
• or Shift+F4,
• or through the menu bar through ToolsWeb DeveloperScratchpad
• in the menu bar within Scratchpad of Firefox, change Environment from Content to Browser (omitting this step would subsequently result in errors like Exception: ReferenceError: OS is not defined at the next step)
• use code like the following within the Scratchpad of Firefox:
var file = "/Users/…/sessionstore-backups/recovery.baklz4";
//OS.File.read(file, { compression: "lz4" }).then(bytes =>
// OS.File.writeAtomic(file + ".uncompressed", bytes));
OS.File.read(file, { compression: "lz4" }).then(bytes => {
OS.File.writeAtomic(file + ".uncompressed.stringify",
JSON.stringify(JSON.parse(new TextDecoder().decode(bytes)),null,1))
});
The final parameter to JSON.stringify handles how many spaces would be used at each line; putting 0 causes the whole thing to be printed on a single line, putting 1 splits the lines properly (putting 2 would create too much useless whitespace and increases the size of the file for little benefit)
• click the Run button
• run fgrep :textarea /Users/…/sessionstore-backups/recovery.baklz4.uncompressed.stringify from within the Terminal app
10
Unfortunately, due to a non-standard header, standard tools won't work. There's an open proposal to change that. Apparently the Mozilla header was devised before a standard lz4 frame format existed; it does wrap a standard lz4 block.
That said, the same bug report includes a few alternative methods. I'll list them briefly:
• Use the dejsonlz4 tool, which includes binary builds for Windows and should be easy to build on *nix
• lz4json is a similar tool, but relies on an external liblz4 and is somewhat easier to build on *nix but harder on Windows (outside WSL)
• Use this fairly simple Python script: https://gist.github.com/Tblue/62ff47bef7f894e92ed5 (requires the lz4 package via pip or your package manager) -- the script appears to be python3 but is trivially adaptable to python2
• There is a webextension available that should be able to open these. NB: while source is available, I have not verified it, and the permissions it requests are a bit concerning (especially the response to concerns)
• In theory, you should be able to strip the first 8 bytes (e.g. with dd if=original.jsonlz4 of=stripped.lz4 bs=8 skip=1) and that should leave you with a valid lz4 block. Note that this is distinct from a lz4 frame. While most programming languages have libraries that can easily decode a block, finding a prebuilt tool to do so is more difficult, e.g. the liblz4-tool package only accepts the frame format.
• 1
Why was LZ4 necessary in first place? LZ4 is an absolutely moronic idea. – neverMind9 Jun 12 at 18:18
3
I was able to extract the URLs from the {profile-dir}/sessionstore-backups/recovery.jsonlz4 file using the following free online tool designed expressly for this purpose:
https://www.jeffersonscher.com/ffu/scrounger.html
The same site offers a similar tool for decrypting jsonlz4 files from the {profile-dir}/bookmarkbackups directory.
• 1
Also just found this, works flawless. – lowtechsun Feb 25 at 8:35
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Canedo
Canedo may refer to:
Civil parish
* Canedo (Santa Maria da Feira)
* Canedo (Ribeira de Pena)
* Canedo (Vale e Vila Maior)
Municipality
* Senador Canedo
People
Canedo or Cañedo is a toponymic surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alexander Cañedo (1902–1978), Mexican-American artist
* Beatriz Canedo Patiño (1950–2016), Bolivian fashion designer
* Caio Canedo Corrêa (born 1990), Brazilian footballer
* Carlos Cañedo (born 1975), Mexican-American musician, dancer, choreographer, and documentary producer
* Enrique Díez Canedo (1879–1944), Spanish postmodernist poet, translator, and literary critic.
* Francisco del Río y Cañedo (1899–1963), Cuban-Mexican ambassador
* Guillermo Díez-Canedo (born 1982), Spanish slalom canoeist
* Guillermo Cañedo Malburg (born 1986), Mexican sports executive
* Juan de Dios Cañedo (1786–1850), Mexican statesman.
* Ken Canedo (born 1953), Filipino-American musician, composer and author
* Sara Guadalupe Figueroa Canedo (born 1956), Mexican politician
* Rafael Cañedo Benítez (1942–2001), Mexican businessman and politician
* Robert Cañedo (born 1984), Filipino footballer
* Roberto Cañedo (1918–1998), Mexican actor
Other uses
* Canedo F.C., a Portuguese football club | WIKI |
Vuzenica
Vuzenica (, Saldenhofen ) is a major settlement in northern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Vuzenica. It lies on the right bank of the Drava River and extends south into the Pohorje Hills. The municipality is included in the Carinthia Statistical Region, which is in the Slovenian portion of the historical Duchy of Styria.
Name
Vuzenica was attested in written sources as Saldenhouen in 1238, Saeldenhoven in 1248, and Seldenhoven in 1251. The Slovene name Vuzenica is derived from *(v)ǫziti 'to narrow' or *(v)ǫzina 'narrow area', referring to the narrow flat area between the Drava River and the Pohorje Massif where the settlement is located. The development of the pretonic vowel o (< ǫ) into u is a local dialect feature.
History
Vuzenica was first mentioned as a settlement in written documents dating to 1238, but archaeological evidence shows the area was settled much earlier as a Roman period burial ground has been found there. Of the 13th-century castle above the settlement, only parts of the walls survive.
Anton Martin Slomšek
Anton Martin Slomšek (1800–1864) was a renowned Slovenian figure who served as a dean and parish priest in Vuzenica from 1838 to 1844. He advocated for the use of Slovene in education and made significant contributions in various fields, including agriculture, law, spirituality, nationality, education, enlightenment, and literature. Known for his influential and educational sermons, Slomšek authored notable works such as Mnemosynon Slavicum – Spomin slovenski and the widely known educational manual Blaže and Nežica in Sunday School during his tenure in Vuzenica.
The memorial museum dedicated to Anton Martin Slomšek is housed within the historic Vuzenica rectory building. The museum showcases original objects from Slomšek's time, including his writing desk and bed. Notable achievements by Slomšek include the construction of the Wallner Chapel, restoration projects of local buildings and cemeteries, and his contributions to education. A feature of the museum is a Baroque wooden ceiling, known as the "Vuzenica ceiling," dating back to 1653, with diverse motifs from the Baroque era. In addition, the museum space, partially reconfigured, serves as a library originally arranged by Slomšek and hosts cultural events.
Church
The parish church in Vuzenica is dedicated to Saint Nicholas and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was built in the mid-13th century on the site of a 12th-century church. It was partly rebuilt and extended in the 14th and 15th centuries. A second church is dedicated to the Virgin Mary and dates to the late 14th century. | WIKI |
Talk:FAQ (disambiguation)
Selfref
Why doesn't this indicate the existence of Wikipedia's own FAQ page?
-- <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:54, 26 August 2016 (UTC) | WIKI |
James C. DOTTERER, Appellant v. SCHOOL DISTRICT OF the CITY OF ALLENTOWN and Board of School Directors of the Allentown School District.
Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania.
Argued Feb. 12, 2014.
Decided May 28, 2014.
Thomas L. Kelly, Media, for appellant.
John E. Freund, III, and Brian J. Taylor, Bethlehem, for appellees.
BEFORE: PELLEGRINI, President Judge, and LEADBETTER, Judge, and COHN JUBELIRER, Judge, and SIMPSON, Judge, and LEAVITT, Judge, and McCULLOUGH, Judge, and COVEY, Judge.
OPINION BY
Judge SIMPSON.
James C. Dotterer (Dotterer) appeals an order of the Court of Common Pleas of Lehigh County (trial court) that dismissed his mandamus complaint against the School District of the City of Allentown (District) and its Board of School Directors (Board) for lack of jurisdiction. The trial court held Dotterer failed to exercise his administrative remedies under the Public School Code of 1949 (School Code). More specifically, it determined that the School Code set forth the exclusive remedy for challenging a demotion, which required Dotterer to appeal his underlying claims to the Secretary of Education (Secretary). Upon review, we affirm.
I. Background
Dotterer worked for the District for more than 33 years. For the last eight years, he was an assistant high school principal, a professional employee under the School Code. In that capacity, Dotterer was the beneficiary of a compensation plan established pursuant to Act 93 (Plan). The Plan established fringe benefits, including retirement benefits, for principals, assistant principals and administrators.
The timing of events is material. On June 21, 2011, Dotterer took a medical leave of absence from his employment as an assistant principal as a result of shoulder surgery. On June 29, 2011, while still on medical leave, he met with the District’s deputy superintendent, Dr. Russell Mayo. At that time, Mayo informed Dotterer that the District intended to demote him to a teaching position, effective July 1, 2011. This demotion would reduce his annual salary from $100,500 to $80,000. Also, as a teacher, Dotterer would not be entitled to receive fringe benefits, including retirement benefits, from the Plan.
On July 1, 2011, Dotterer received a letter from Mayo, entitled “Notice of Intent to Demote.” Reproduced Record (R.R.) at 15a. The letter advised Dotterer that the District intended to demote him for performance reasons. The Notice did not state an effective date for the demotion. Dotterer elected to challenge the demotion. He timely requested a demotion hearing.
Initially, a demotion hearing was scheduled for August 8, 2011. However, with Dotterer’s consent, the demotion hearing was repeatedly continued throughout 2011 and 2012 to allow Dotterer and the District to pursue settlement. During this time, Dotterer remained on medical leave, and the District paid him at the teacher rate.
Before the Board held a hearing or passed a resolution effectuating his demotion, Dotterer requested a retirement estimate from the Public School Employees’ Retirement System. As soon as he became age eligible, on August 21, 2012, Dotterer submitted his letter of retirement to the District, effective immediately.
Finally, by letter dated August 24, 2012, the District rescheduled the demotion hearing for September 19, 2012. Dotterer responded that there was no need to proceed with the hearing because his retirement rendered the demotion hearing moot. He advised the District that the School Code could not bind him because he was no longer a professional employee subject to the Board’s jurisdiction. Nevertheless, Dotterer asserted that he remained entitled to the School Code’s protection of his assistant principal status.
After he learned that the District intended to proceed with the demotion hearing, Dotterer sought a temporary restraining order from the trial court to prevent the hearing. The trial court denied his request.
Days before the scheduled demotion hearing, Dotterer filed a complaint in mandamus seeking back pay and retirement benefits as an assistant principal from the date of his de facto demotion, through the date of his retirement. He predicated his complaint on the assumption that the demotion was unlawful, and that he retired as an administrator, not as a teacher. Dotterer also proceeded as though the School Code, and the attendant administrative process for disputing demotions, did not apply to retirees. He contended the demotion never became effective because the Board did not act on it before he retired.
Significantly, after filing his mandamus complaint, Dotterer “withdrew” his request for a demotion hearing. R.R. at 99a; see also Appellant’s Br. at 6, 8.
In his complaint, Dotterer asserted the Board’s attempt to demote a retired employee violated Section 1151 of the School Code, 24 P.S. § 11-1151. Complaint at ¶ 34, R.R. at 13a. Dotterer contended the District had a mandatory and ministerial duty to pay him the salary and benefits owed to an assistant principal from July 1, 2011, to his retirement on August 21, 2012. This is because the Board did not demote him before he retired, and Board action is required to effectuate a demotion. Dotterer also argued the Board was dilatory because it should have scheduled a hearing upon learning he would not consent to a demotion.
On September 27, 2012, at a public meeting, the Board adopted a resolution demoting Dotterer from assistant principal to teacher. The resolution stated the demotion became effective July 1, 2011, over a year prior to Dotterer’s retirement. Importantly, Dotterer did not appeal this action of the Board to the Secretary.
Subsequently, the District and the Board filed preliminary objections to Dot-terer’s complaint, asserting the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction. They contended the School Code required Dot-terer to appeal the Board’s demotion, or its delay in scheduling a demotion hearing, to the Secretary. They also argued Dot-terer failed to avail himself of this adequate administrative remedy. Moreover, Dotterer waived his right to a demotion hearing.
The trial court sustained the District’s preliminary objections, concluding the matters raised in Dotterer’s complaint were within the Secretary’s exclusive jurisdiction. The trial court rejected Dotterer’s contention that the statutory procedure for demotion in the School Code did not apply to a retired professional employee. Rather, the School Code established an adequate remedy that Dotterer was obligated to utilize to challenge the de facto demotion. Based on lack of jurisdiction and an available administrative remedy for demotion disputes, the trial court dismissed the complaint.
On appeal, Dotterer asserts the trial court erred by dismissing his complaint. He contends the District’s act of paying him a reduced salary since July 1, 2011, did not constitute a lawful demotion. The Board’s subsequent ratification did not cure the illegality because a demotion cannot be retroactive. Because the Board’s demotion resolution was a nullity, Dotterer argues the trial court had jurisdiction to compel the District to provide his salary and benefits as an administrator.
II. Discussion
Initially, Dotterer requested a hearing on the de facto demotion. Before the hearing was held, he retired. When faced with the upcoming hearing on the demotion, Dotterer tried to enjoin the hearing, and, when unsuccessful, he withdrew his hearing request. These facts impact our review of the trial court’s decision on the preliminary objections, particularly as to its jurisdiction over the underlying demotion dispute.
A. Legal Standard for Preliminary Objections
Where a trial court dismisses a complaint based on preliminary objections, this Court’s review is limited to determining whether the trial court committed an error of law or an abuse of discretion. Podolak v. Tobyhanna Twp. Bd. of Supervisors, 37 A.3d 1283 (Pa.Cmwlth.2012). When considering preliminary objections, we must consider as true all well-pled material facts set forth in the complaint and all reasonable inferences that may be drawn from those facts. Werner v. Zazyczny, 545 Pa. 570, 681 A.2d 1331 (1996); Petsinger v. Dep’t of Labor & Indus., Office of Vocational Rehab., 988 A.2d 748 (Pa.Cmwlth.2010). However, we need not accept legal conclusions. Petsinger.
Preliminary objections should be sustained only in cases where it is clear and free from doubt that the facts pled are legally insufficient to establish a right to relief. Werner. As such review raises a question of law, our scope of review is plenary. Podolak.
The trial court sustained the preliminary objections which the District and Board filed to Dotterer’s mandamus complaint. They objected to the trial court’s jurisdiction and the legal sufficiency of the claim.
B. Mandamus
Mandamus is an extraordinary writ which will only issue ‘to compel performance of a ministerial act or mandatory duty where there exists a clear legal right in the plaintiff, a corresponding duty in the defendant, and want of any other adequate and appropriate remedy.’ ” Burger v. Bd. of Sch. Dirs. of McGuffey Sch. Dist., 805 A.2d 663, 666 (Pa.Cmwlth.2002), aff'd, 576 Pa. 574, 839 A.2d 1055 (2003) (quoting Shaler Area Sch. Dist. v. Salakas, 494 Pa. 630, 636, 432 A.2d 165, 168 (1981); Phila. Newspapers, Inc. v. Jerome, 478 Pa. 484, 494, 387 A.2d 425, 430 n. 11 (1978)). If any one of the foregoing elements is absent, mandamus does not lie. Id. “[I]t remains the plaintiffs burden to establish the inadequacy of any available remedies, as well as the other requisites to mandamus relief.” Burger v. Bd. of Sch. Dirs. of McGuffey Sch. Dist., 576 Pa. 574, 584, 839 A.2d 1055, 1061 (2003); Werner.
Litigants are required to exhaust adequate and available administrative remedies prior to resorting to judicial remedies. Bayada Nurses, Inc. v. Dep’t of Labor & Indus., 607 Pa. 527, 8 A.3d 866 (2010). “A party challenging administrative decision-making who has not exhausted available administrative remedies is precluded from obtaining judicial review by mandamus.” Petsinger, 988 A.2d at 754. An individual who does not exercise his statutory appeal rights cannot later reclaim those rights “under the guise of a petition for mandamus.” Id.
Here, Dotterer argues he had no available administrative remedy based on his retired status. The trial court concluded the School Code provided the exclusive remedy for challenging his demotion, thus depriving it of jurisdiction.
1. Jurisdiction/Alternate Remedy
At its core, Dotterer’s claim for salary and retirement benefits is a demotion dispute. A demotion is “a reassignment to a position which has less authority, prestige or salary.” Hritz v. Laurel Highlands Sch. Dist., 167 Pa.Cmwlth. 353, 648 A.2d 108, 110 (1994).
Dotterer challenges receiving salary and retirement benefits at the teacher rate, which are less than he was entitled to receive as an assistant principal. The District paid him at a lower salary during the period that he was on leave. Of relevance, during that period, Dotterer recognized the School Code governed, and he contested this de facto demotion through the proper administrative forum. See Sections 1127 and 1151 of the School Code, 24 P.S. § 11-1127, 24 P.S. § 11-1151.
Section 1151 of the School Code provides, in pertinent part,
there shall be no demotion of any professional employe ... without the consent of the employe, or, if such consent is not received, then such demotion shall be subject to the right to a hearing before the board of school directors and an appeal in the same manner as provided in the case of the dismissal of a professional employe [ (requiring an appeal to the Secretary under Section 1131 of the School Code, 24 P.S. § 11-1131) ].
24 P.S. § 11-1151 (emphasis added). Thus, the School Code sets forth a statutory remedy and mandates an administrative process for challenging demotions that culminates in disposition by the Secretary.
An action in mandamus cannot lie where a professional employee fails to pursue the statutory remedy provided by the School Code. Merritt v. W. Mifflin Area Sch. Dist., 56 Pa.Cmwlth. 126, 424 A.2d 572 (1981) (preliminary objection raising jurisdiction to teacher’s suit in mandamus sustained because statutory remedy required appeal to Secretary of Education; statutory remedy was appropriate and adequate); Bd. of Pub. Educ. for Sch. Dist. of Pittsburgh v. Gooley, 41 Pa.Cmwlth. 311, 399 A.2d 148 (1979) (same); see also Wolff v. Bd. of Sch. Dirs. of Chichester Sch. Dist., 59 Pa.Cmwlth. 196, 429 A.2d 129 (1981) (preliminary objection sustained to count of school psychologist’s complaint seeking mandamus relief for contract termination). Indeed, our Supreme Court has ruled that the exclusivity of the procedural remedies provided by Sections 1127 to 1131 of the School Code, 24 P.S. §§ 11-1127-11-1131, precludes abandonment of statutory procedures in favor of an action in the court of common pleas. Jackson v. Centennial Sch. Dist., 509 Pa. 101, 501 A.2d 218 (1985); see generally Erie Human Relations Comm’n ex rel. Dunson v. Erie Ins. Exch., 465 Pa. 240, 348 A.2d 742 (1975) (party required to avail itself of statutory right of appeal). These general principles clearly support the trial court’s decision. We next consider Dotterer’s arguments that the general principles do not apply to him.
In essence, Dotterer argued the School Code did not provide him an adequate remedy to challenge his de facto demotion for two reasons. First, the Board delayed acting on his demotion by failing to hold a hearing. Second, the School Code process did not apply to him once he retired.
2. Hearing Delay
Hearings for demotions required by Section 1151 of the School Code are governed by Section 1127 of the School Code, 24 P.S. § 11-1127. The latter requires the hearing to be held within 15 days of the written notice of demotion. Id. However, an employee may waive these hearing requirements. Kaczmarcik v. Carbondale Sch. Dist., 155 Pa.Cmwlth. 294, 625 A.2d 126 (1993).
The trial court found no merit in Dotterer’s argument that the Board’s delay in scheduling a demotion hearing excused him from pursuing his statutory remedy. In so holding, the trial court recognized that Dotterer agreed to the delay. The trial court’s conclusion is consistent with case law.
To that end, this Court holds that once an employee waives the timing requirements under Section 1127 of the School Code, the school district is permitted to unilaterally reschedule the hearing date. Kaczmarcik. In Kaczmarcik, the demoted employee argued he was denied a timely hearing as required by the School Code. However, he agreed to waive the 15-day requirement for the hearing date set forth in Section 1127 of the School Code. Instead, he requested a date certain. The school district scheduled a hearing for nine days later than the date the employee specified. Because the school district unilaterally set a hearing date that was not his requested date certain, the employee contended the school district violated the hearing process prescribed by the School Code. This Court disagreed.
Specifically, this Court reasoned the demoted employee waived the timing requirements for scheduling the demotion hearing. Id. Despite the fact that the employee set a condition that the hearing take place on a date certain, we held the school district retained the prerogative to unilaterally establish a new hearing date.
Based on Kaczmarcik, we agree with the trial court that the District did not violate the School Code when it scheduled the hearing date in September 2012. Indeed, the circumstances here present a stronger case in the District’s favor. In this case, Dotterer’s waiver was open-ended, without specifying a timeframe within which a hearing must be held. Thus, the District was not constrained by the School Code to schedule the hearing by a set date, and it did not violate the hearing process.
More importantly, to the extent the District denied or delayed a demotion hearing, Dotterer’s proper remedy was an appeal to the Secretary, not a mandamus claim in a court of common pleas. The case of Black v. Board of Directors of West Chester Area School District, 98 Pa.Cmwlth. 91, 510 A.2d 912 (1986), is instructive on this point. Similar to the present controversy, that ease involved a mandamus action in a trial court by a professional school employee seeking reinstatement and back pay arising from a challenged demotion. Like here, the professional employee argued the demotion was void from the beginning for failure to follow School Code procedures. The professional employee requested a hearing by the school board, but, after some delay, the school board denied his request. Ultimately, the trial court sustained a preliminary objection for lack of jurisdiction, based on the failure to exhaust remedies under the School Code.
On subsequent appeal, this Court, speaking through (now Senior) Judge James Gardner Colins, affirmed on the basis that the remedy for the school board’s refusal of his hearing request was an appeal to the Secretary. Black (citing Wolff). Further, the professional employee’s remedy for the underlying claim of wrongful demotion was also an appeal to the Secretary, which he failed to timely pursue. Accordingly, the Court affirmed the dismissal of the trial court action, leaving the allegedly void demotion in place. Id. (alleged invalidity of demotion does not render School Code provision requiring appeal to Secretary inapplicable). The same results should prevail here. See, e.g., Norwin Sch. Dist. v. Chlodney, 37 Pa.Cmwlth. 284, 390 A.2d 328 (1978) (where teacher is demoted without hearing, proper remedy is to appeal de facto demotion and school board’s failure to respond to hearing request to Secretary, who can order reinstatement with back pay).
For these reasons, we agree with the trial court that the delayed hearing did not deprive Dotterer of his statutory remedy, or render the statutory provisions requiring an appeal to the Secretary inapplicable.
3. Retirement
Dotterer also asserts that the School Code does not apply to him because when he retired he was no longer employed; thus, he was not a professional employee entitled to relief under the School Code. We disagree.
The term “professional employee” is defined by the School Code in Section 1101, 24 P.S. § 11-1101. The term “shall include those who are certificated as teachers ... [and] assistant principals....” Id. Thus, the statutory definition is not dependent on retirement or active employment status; rather, it is dependent on certification. In other words, the statutory definition includes those persons performing or eligible to perform education services within one of the categories enumerated by the General Assembly. See Appeal of Spano, 439 Pa. 256, 267 A.2d 848 (1970) (professional employee status determined from certification); McCracken v. Cent. Susquehanna Intermediate Unit, 34 Pa.Cmwlth. 148, 382 A.2d 1293 (1978).
By way of example, persons who are no longer active employees, because they have been dismissed, are nevertheless entitled to the School Code remedies. See Sections 1127, 1151 of the School Code, 24 P.S. §§ 11-1127, 11-1151; W. Shore Sch. Dist. v. Bowman, 48 Pa.Cmwlth. 104, 409 A.2d 474 (1979) (professional employee discharged without notice and hearing entitled to reinstatement and back pay). Similarly, if a person retires involuntarily under a constructive discharge situation, School Code remedies are available. Arnold v. Pittsburgh Bd. of Pub. Educ., 52 Pa.Cmwlth. 313, 415 A.2d 985 (1980); see Migliore v. Sch. Dist. of Phila. (Pa.Cmwlth., No. 1663 C.D.2012, filed June 18, 2013) (unreported), 2013 WL 3156533.
Thus, Dotterer’s argument that the School Code remedies only apply to those actively employed as professional employees lacks merit. The argument ignores the statutory definition of “professional employee” and eases applying School Code remedies to those separated involuntarily from recent professional positions. It also ignores that Dotterer was employed when he was initially aggrieved by a salary reduction. Moreover, Dotterer’s argument ignores that any right to challenge a de facto demotion and request a hearing accrued while he was on the District’s payroll.
Without question, statutory remedies were available to Dotterer to contest both the timing and cause of his demotion. The remedies were a Board hearing and an appeal to the Secretary. In particular, Section 1131 of the School Code, 24 P.S. § 11-1131, invests the Secretary with the jurisdiction to decide appeals from contested demotions of professional employees. The Secretary can order that a demoted professional employee be reinstated and awarded back pay. Norwin Sch. Dist. Moreover, our courts consistently hold that the School Code provides an adequate and exclusive remedy for professional employees. Jackson; Black; Merritt; Gooley.
Had he been successful with these statutory remedies, Dotterer could have been reinstated with back pay, and his right to retire from his position as an assistant principal could have been recognized. However, he declined the hearing to resolve the demotion disputes. In fact, Dot-terer went further and tried to restrain a Board hearing from taking place, and he then attempted to evade the consequences of the hearing by retiring and by withdrawing his request for a hearing.
Dotterer’s voluntary actions did not change the definitions and remedies in the School Code, nor did they diminish the adequacy of the remedies. Instead, Dot-terer’s actions altered the cause of any aggrievement. Stated differently, when he tried to prevent a Board hearing on the demotion, when he retired, and when he withdrew his request for a hearing, he was no longer aggrieved by an act or omission of the District. Rather, Dotterer was aggrieved by his own voluntary actions, which precluded resolution of the demotion issues in his favor. Dotterer’s voluntary actions here were the functional equivalent of consent to the de facto demotion. See Section 1151 of the School Code, 24 P.S. § 11-1151 (rights of professional employee upon demotion, if consent not received).
This conclusion is consistent with cases regarding the effects of voluntary retirement or resignation. These cases hold that a professional employee waives the right to further relief on an underlying School Code issue by voluntarily leaving employment. Arnold; see Migliore. Notably, Dotterer does not dispute the volun-tariness of his retirement here.
This Court recently resolved a similar voluntary demotion/retirement case in an unpublished but persuasive opinion in Migliore. There, a school employee requested a hearing on a demotion. Like Dotterer, prior to the hearing, the employee voluntarily retired. A unanimous panel reasoned, “Migliore’s retirement, if voluntary, resulted in a waiver of any rights he may have had to a hearing [on the demotion].” Id., Slip Op. at 9, 2013 WL 3156538, at *5 n. 6.
Arnold involved a temporary professional employee’s unsatisfactory performance ratings. Given the option of resignation or dismissal, she resigned. She later brought suit seeking to compel a hearing on the unsatisfactory ratings. The trial court found the resignation voluntary in order to avoid the adverse consequences of being discharged, and it dismissed her complaint. It concluded that because she voluntarily resigned, she was no longer entitled to a hearing on the performance ratings. This Court affirmed, stating, “[i]n effect, therefore, the appellant waived her right to a hearing on the unsatisfactory-performance ratings and her impending dismissal when she voluntarily resigned.” Arnold, 415 A.2d at 987. Thus, the prior school district action of unsatisfactory ratings remained unchanged. The circumstances here warrant the same outcome.
Finally, we note that Dotterer cites two cases to support his request for mandamus; however, the cases are distinguishable on their facts. Antonini v. Beaver Area School District, 874 A.2d 679 (Pa.Cmwlth.2005) and Burns v. Uniontown Board of Directors, 748 A.2d 1263 (Pa.Cmwlth.2000). Both of those cases involve school superintendents whose employment is governed by contract and by different provisions of the School Code. Superintendents are not tenured professional employees under the School Code. Dotterer does not discuss most of the cases declaring School Code remedies exclusive or denying mandamus relief for failure of professional employees to exhaust School Code remedies. See, e.g., Jackson; Black; Merrit; Gooley.
For all these reasons, we reject Dotterer’s assertion that his retirement rendered the School Code remedies inadequate or inapplicable.
4. Transfer to Secretary
The above discussion notwithstanding, we consider whether to affirm the trial court’s order dismissing Dotterer’s mandamus action, or whether to transfer the action to the Secretary, similar to the situation in Meek v. Carlisle Area School District, 155 Pa.Cmwlth. 469, 625 A.2d 203 (1993). Based on Dotterer’s voluntary actions, we decline to transfer the case.
In particular, before the trial court, Dot-terer sought to enjoin the demotion hearing scheduled under the School Code. Thereafter, he withdrew his request for a hearing, and he argued that the School Code no longer applied to him. He did not appeal the Board’s decision retroactively demoting him.
Further, before this Court, Dotterer argued that the School Code did not apply to him. Moreover, he never requested that his case be transferred to the Secretary. But he took a noteworthy position during oral argument. Prior to en banc argument in this case, this Court ordered that the parties address several issues, including the following:
2. Once the trial court held that Section 1131 of the [School Code] applied to retired professional employees was it required to transfer Dotterer’s mandamus action to the Secretary of Education pursuant to Section 5103(a) of the Judicial Code, 42 Pa.C.S. § 5103(a), as was done in Meck v. Carlisle Area School District [155 Pa.Cmwlth. 469], 625 A.2d 203 (Pa.Cmwlth.1993)?
Order of January 7, 2014. During argument, counsel for Dotterer affirmatively asserted that the above authorities do not apply, and that his case should not be transferred to the Secretary.
Given the foregoing, we conclude that Dotterer knowingly and voluntarily relinquished any interest in the procedures set forth in the School Code, including an appeal to the Secretary. Under these unusual circumstances, we refrain from transferring the case to the Secretary.
III. Conclusion
Dotterer’s remedy for a delayed hearing on his demotion was a statutory appeal to the Secretary, which he did not pursue. See Black; Wolff; Norwin Sch. Dist.
Moreover, Dotterer’s remedy for his demotion was also a statutory appeal to the Secretary seeking reinstatement and back pay. However, he did not pursue this remedy either. Further, he has not requested that his case be transferred to the Secretary, and, in fact, he has argued against such a transfer.
What is clear is that Dotterer pursued a claim in a forum that was outside the statutory framework. See Jackson. Therefore, mandamus was unavailable to him. Merrit; Gooley. For all the foregoing reasons, we affirm the trial court’s dismissal of Dotterer’s mandamus suit.
ORDER
AND NOW, this 28th day of May, 2014, the March 4, 2013 order of the Court of Common Pleas of Lehigh County is AFFIRMED.
DISSENTING OPINION BY
Judge LEAVITT.
Respectfully, I dissent. The School Board demoted James C. Dotterer from assistant principal to teacher after he retired, and it made this demotion retroactive to one year before his retirement. The Board’s action was illegal. A demotion must be prospective, and it can never be imposed upon a retired employee. Accordingly, Dotterer filed a mandamus action to have the School District ordered to pay him the retirement benefits afforded to a retired assistant principal, the position he held when he retired. The trial court held that the subject matter of Dotterer’s complaint belonged before the Secretary of Education and dismissed his complaint. The majority agrees and affirms the trial court’s order, but I would reverse.
Mandamus requires the plaintiff to have a clear right to relief. Here, the statute and case law precedent are crystal clear. A school district’s administrative staff lacks the authority to demote a professional employee. Only a board of school directors can demote, and it can do so only after giving the professional employee a written statement of charges and conducting a hearing on the merits of the administrative staffs recommendation. Should the board decide to demote the employee, its demotion can take effect no earlier than its demotion resolution. The School Board did not follow any of these procedures in the case of Dotterer’s demotion.
The procedures for a demotion and a dismissal are set forth in Section 1127 of the Public School Code of 1949, which states as follows:
Before any professional employe having attained a status of permanent tenure is dismissed by the board of school directors, such board of school directors shall furnish such professional employe with a detailed written statement of the charges upon which his or her proposed dismissal is based and shall conduct a hearing.... Such hearing shall not be sooner than ten (10) days nor later than fifteen (15) days after such written notice.
24 P.S. § 11-1127. In Section 1151 of the Public School Code the legislature extended these procedures to the professional employee who declines to consent to a proposed demotion. Section 1151 states as follows:
[TJhere shall be no demotion of any professional employe either in salary or in type of position, except as otherwise provided in this act, without the consent of the employe, or, if such consent is not received, then such demotion shall be subject to the right to a hearing before the board of school directors and an appeal in the same manner as hereinbe-fore provided in the case of the dismissal of a professional employe.
24 P.S. § 11-1151 (emphasis added). The procedures “hereinbefore provided” for a “demotion” where “consent is not received” are those set forth in Section 1127 of the Public School Code, which require a “detailed written statement of the charges” and a school board hearing.
The case law precedent confirms that “[t]he law is clear that a demotion cannot become effective until after the hearing has taken place.” McCoy v. Lincoln Intermediate Unit No. 12, 38 Pa.Cmwlth. 29, 391 A.2d 1119, 1125 (1978). This principle was first established in Tassone v. School District of Redstone Township, 408 Pa. 290, 183 A.2d 536, 539 (1962), where the Pennsylvania Supreme Court held that the demotion of a professional employee requires a school board hearing, and the demotion “cannot become effective until after the hearing has taken place.” (emphasis in original). Simply, there is no such thing as a retroactive demotion.
Further, administrative staff cannot effect a demotion and later seek board approval. In Board of School Directors of Abington School District v. Pittenger, 9 Pa.Cmwlth. 62, 305 A.2d 382 (1973), a principal reassigned an assistant principal the duties of a teacher, albeit without a change in salary. After the employee objected, the principal then issued a detailed statement of charges, on which the school board conducted several days of hearings. By a vote of six to two, the board ratified the principal’s “transfer-demotion” of the employee. Id. at 384. The Secretary of Education reversed the Board and reinstated the employee to his prior position. This Court affirmed the Secretary.
We reasoned, first, that a school district’s administrative staff lacks the statutory authority to demote professional employees. Second, absent the employee’s consent, “it is veritably a legal maxim in this Commonwealth that the provisions of the teacher’s tenure, as found in the [Public] School Code requires strict compliance” and the “procedure prescribed is mandatory.” Id. at 385 (citation omitted). It was the school district’s failure to follow the procedures set forth in Sections 1127 and 1151 of the Public School Code that rendered the school board’s subsequent ratification of the assistant principal’s demotion null and void. In dismissing Dot-terer’s complaint, the trial court did not address any of these mandatory procedures for demotion of an assistant principal.
The School District’s assistant superintendent, i.e., a member of the administrative staff, sent Dotterer the following letter on July 1, 2011:
If you do not consent to this demotion, you may request a hearing before the Allentown School Board. Your request for a hearing must be delivered to my office no later than July 15, 2011. Therefore, if you fail to request a hearing, you will be demoted without a hearing.
Complaint, Exhibit A; Reproduced Record at 15a (R.R._) (emphasis added). On July 5, 2011, Dotterer responded that he did not consent to his demotion and wanted a hearing. In the meantime, the assistant superintendent reduced his salary to that of a teacher. This action was unlawful because it was done without Board action and, indeed, before the Board had even scheduled a hearing, let alone issued a written statement of charges to Dotterer.
There is another problem with the School District’s procedure. The assistant superintendent’s July 1, 2011, letter purported, impermissibly, to place the burden upon Dotterer to request a hearing. The School Code places the burden upon the school board to schedule a hearing once it learns that an employee will not consent to a demotion and nowhere states that the non-consenting employee will waive all his “statutory, contractual, and constitutional rights” if he does not request a hearing on his demotion. Simply, the assistant principal’s demand of Dotterer was gratuitous and unfounded. See Neshaminy School District v. Neshaminy Federation of Teachers, 84 A.3d 391 (Pa.Cmwlth.2014). The School Board’s obligation to hold a hearing to effect a demotion is absolute and does not depend upon a professional employee’s request. Tassone, 183 A.2d at 539.
In this case, Dotterer expressly refused consent. This triggered the School Board’s responsibility to conduct a hearing as the necessary condition precedent to a demotion of Dotterer. As this Court noted in Pittenger, the Public School Code does not permit
the school district to demote teachers without Board action, so long as the teacher does not ask for a hearing. Quite to the contrary, the statute evidences a legislative intent for Board action, even where there is consent by the professional employee. Further, if there is no consent, then perforce the Legislature has required Board action.
Pittenger, 305 A.2d at 386 (emphasis added).
In its preliminary objection to Dotterer’s mandamus complaint, the school district alleged that “Plaintiff withdrew his request for the demotion hearing.” Preliminary Objection, ¶ 16; R.R. 60a. Dotterer responded, “Denied as stated.” Response, ¶ 16; R.R. 99a. Dotterer went on to explain that he had retired; could not be demoted; and the demotion hearing served no purpose. This answer does not express either a consent or a willingness to relieve the School District of its obligation to hold a hearing, with or without Dotterer’s request, before it could demote him.
On September 27, 2012, the School Board adopted a resolution demoting Dot-terer from assistant principal to teacher and made its resolution effective July 1, 2011. A professional employee “aggrieved by the action of the board of school directors” may appeal to the Secretary of Education under Section 1131 of the Public School Code. It states, in relevant part, as follows:
In case the professional employe concerned considers himself or herself aggrieved by the action of the board of school directors, an appeal by petition, setting forth the grounds for such appeal, may be taken to the Superintendent of Public Instruction at Harrisburg, Such appeal shall be filed within thirty (BO) days after receipt by registered mail of the written notice of the decision of the board.
24 P.S. § 11-1131 (emphasis added). To be sure, Section 1131 “provides the exclusive procedure” for obtaining “judicial review of administrative determinations.” Jackson v. Centennial School District, 509 Pa. 101, 501 A.2d 218, 220 (1985). The question here is whether Section 1131 extends to a former professional employee, i. e., one who is retired.
The trial court held that Dotterer had a statutory remedy under Section 1131 of the Public School Code, which legal remedy made it impossible for him to pursue an action in mandamus. The majority agrees with this conclusion, holding that “professional employe” is a term broad enough to cover a “retired employee.” I disagree.
The term “professional employe” as used in Section 1131 is a defined term, and it does not include “retired” employees. Section 1101(1) states as follows:
As used in this article,
(1) The term “professional employe” shall include those who are certificated as teachers, supervisors, supervising principals, principals, assistant principals, vice-principals, directors of vocational education, dental hygienists, visiting teachers, home and school visitors, school counselors, child nutrition program specialists, school librarians, school secretaries the selection of whom is on the basis of merit as determined by eligibility lists and school nurses.
24 P.S. § 11-1101(1). This exhaustive list does not include “former” or “retired” assistant principals. Under the well-settled statutory construction principle of expresio unius est exclusio alterius, we must presume the definition is complete and refrain from “judicially expanding” the reach of Section 1101(1) to those who are no longer certified as assistant principals, such as Dotterer. L.S. ex rel. A.S. v. Eschbach, 583 Pa. 47, 874 A.2d 1150, 1156 (2005).
However, even if we accept the proposition that a “professional employe” includes a “retired professional employee,” it was error for the trial court to dismiss Dotterer’s complaint. Rather, it was incumbent on the trial court to transfer Dotterer’s complaint to the Secretary of Education. Section 5103(a) of the Judicial Code mandates the transfer of a case that has been brought before a trial court where jurisdiction lies with another “tribunal.” It states as follows:
If an appeal or other matter is taken to or brought in a court or magisterial district of this Commonwealth which does not have jurisdiction of the appeal or other matter, the court or magisterial district judge shall not quash such appeal or dismiss the matter, but shall transfer the record thereof to the proper tribunal of this Commonwealth, where the appeal or other matter shall be treated as if originally filed in the transferee tribunal on the date when the appeal or other matter was first filed in a court or magisterial district of this Commonwealth. A matter which is within the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or magisterial district judge of this Commonwealth but which is commenced in any other tribunal of this Commonwealth shall be transferred by the other tribunal to the proper court or magisterial district of this Commonwealth where it shall be treated as if originally filed in the transferee court or magisterial district of this Commonwealth on the date when first filed in the other tribunal.
42 Pa.C.S. § 5103(a) (emphasis added). A “tribunal” includes any “other judicial officer of this Commonwealth vested with the power to enter an order in a matter, the Board of Claims, the Board of Property, the Office of Administrator for Arbitration Panels for Health Care and any other similar agency.” 42 Pa.C.S. § 5103(d) (emphasis added). We have established that the Secretary of Education is a “tribunal” for purposes of a Section 5103(a) transfer. Meck, 625 A.2d at 206-07.
In Meek, a professional employee challenged the school board’s “realignment” of his assignments by filing a complaint with a trial court under the Local Agency Law. We concluded that the subject matter of the complaint fell within the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Education under Section 1131 of the Public School Code and, thus, the trial court should have transferred the complaint to the Secretary of Education. We corrected this error by ordering the trial court to do the transfer. Because the issue was jurisdictional, we raised the transfer sua sponte. Id. at 206.
Here, once the trial court held that Dot-terer’s challenge to the Board’s post-retirement demotion belonged before the Secretary of Education, it should have transferred the matter under 42 Pa.C.S. § 5103(a). The majority declines to do so because Dotterer did not ask for a transfer and even noted his opposition to a transfer at oral argument. However, parties do not decide the matter of jurisdiction; courts do.
The majority also cites Black v. Board of Directors of West Chester Area School District, 98 Pa.Cmwlth. 91, 510 A.2d 912 (1986), to support its decision not to transfer Dotterer’s complaint to the Secretary. Black is distinguishable. First, it concerned a school administrator who was an active employee of the school district at the time of his demotion. Second, the employee filed a complaint with the court of common pleas many months after the school board demoted him. Because the school administrator’s complaint was filed more than 30 days after the Board’s action, it was untimely. Had the professional employee’s complaint been timely, we held that it would have been transferred to the Secretary of Education for disposition.
Here, by contrast, a transfer of Dotterer’s complaint would not be untimely. Dotterer filed his mandamus action before the Board demoted him. Further, the trial court held, specifically, that the subject of Dotterer’s mandamus action, including whether the Board could demote a retired employee, was a matter for the Secretary of Education.
The majority notes that if Dotterer were unhappy with the Board’s delay in scheduling a demotion hearing, he could have appealed to the Secretary. This overlooks the fact that a hearing delay works to the advantage of the professional employee that has been targeted for a demotion. This is because the effective date of that demotion can be no earlier than a decision by the school board. Tassone, 183 A.2d at 539. Stated otherwise, even were the School District to prevail on its proposed demotion, Dotterer should have been reinstated to assistant principal up to the effective date of the Board’s resolution as should his salary. See Migliore v. School District of Philadelphia, (Pa.Cmwlth., No. 1663 C.D.2012, filed June 18, 2013) slip op. at 13 n. 9, 2013 WL 3156533 (noting that had the assistant principal “not retired and had prevailed at the hearing, he would have been entitled to reinstatement and back pay.”). "When negotiations broke down between Dotterer and the School District, the School District should have promptly initiated the formal procedures under Section 1151 to avoid a reinstatement of his salary that had been reduced before the Board’s demotion.
Dotterer was not a “professional employee” when the Board demoted him. He was retired. Section 1131 cannot be read to apply to retired professionals. Because Dotterer lacks a statutory remedy by which to challenge the Board’s action to demote him, he can pursue his claim in mandamus. Accordingly, I would reverse the trial court’s dismissal of his complaint.
President Judge PELLEGRINI and Judge McCULLOUGH join in this dissent.
. Act of March 10, 1949. P.L. 30, as amended, 24 P.S. §§ 1-[ XXX-XX-XXXX ].
. An Act 93 Plan provides compensation for school employees who are not included in the collective bargaining unit. See Section 1164 of the School Code, 24 P.S. § 11-1164.
. Prior to Dotterer’s retirement, District counsel proposed holding the demotion hearing on August 22, 2012. However, it was not scheduled for that date because Dotterer’s counsel stated he had a conflict. Reproduced Record at 44a.
. The trial court relied on Wolff v. Board of School Directors of Chichester School District, 59 Pa.Cmwlth. 196, 429 A.2d 129 (1981), which also involved dismissal of a mandamus claim. There, a part-time school psychologist sought to compel the school board to offer her a contract for the applicable school year, and to reinstate her as a member of the public school employees’ retirement system. The school board filed preliminary objections asserting that she should have appealed the board’s actions to the Secretary of Education, but she failed to do so. The trial court agreed and dismissed her complaint. On appeal this Court affirmed as to the dismissal of the count regarding the termination of her employment contract. We reasoned the School Code requires professional employees to pursue the adequate administrative remedy thereunder.
. Similarly, we also hold that the Civil Service Commission has no obligation to provide a hearing when an employee takes action mooting his claim before the hearing can be granted. See In re Robinson, (Pa.Cmwlth., No. 114 C.D.2012, filed Nov. 13, 2012) (unreported), 2012 WL 8666781 (citing Morgan v. Bucher, 442 Pa. 498, 276 A.2d 523 (1971)).
. Section 414 of this Court’s Internal Operating Procedures authorizes the citation of unreported panel decisions issued after January 15, 2008, for their persuasive value, but not as binding precedent. 210 Pa.Code § 69.414.
. Act of March 10, 1949, P.L. 30, 24 P.S. § 11-1127.
. A notice of intended demotion might be permissible if it said:
Your failure to give consent by 4:00 p.m. on July 15, 2011, will constitute a refusal to give consent. The school district will issue a statement of charges and hold a hearing 10 days thereafter.
However, a professional employee’s failure to request a hearing does not effect a waiver of the school board's statutory obligation under Section 1127 to hold a hearing before demoting the employee.
. The Superintendent of Public Instruction is now designated as the Secretary of Education. Meck v. Carlisle Area School District, 155 Pa.Cmwlth. 469, 625 A.2d 203, 205 n. 4 (1993).
. In Jackson, the employee appealed an adjudication of the Secretary of Education to this Court. Her appeal was untimely. Thereafter, the employee filed an assumpsit action to recover backpay. The Supreme Court held that she could have pursued the issue of her backpay in her appeal of the Secretary’s adjudication: unfortunately, her appeal to this Court was untimely.
. Section 752 of the Local Agency Law, 2 Pa.C.S. § 752, provides a direct right of appeal to a "person aggrieved by an adjudication of a local agency.”
. Dotterer went on medical leave on June 21, 2011. He underwent shoulder surgery in December 2011, and remained on medical leave for the 2011-2012 school year. In June of 2012, Dotterer was released to return to work. At that point, he repeatedly requested the School Board to hold a hearing on his putative demotion and for a written statement of the charges. Complaint, Exhibits I, J and L; R.R. 33a, 35a, 39a. In spite of promises from the District’s counsel that a hearing . would be scheduled, it was not.
During the summer of 2012, Dotterer informed the School District that he was considering a retirement. However, he also explained that he preferred to return to work for the 2012-2013 school year at his assistant principal position.
. The Board's retroactive demotion was contrary to the clear requirement that a demotion be prospective. It was done to avoid a reinstatement at least up to the date of the Board's demotion. See, e.g., Patchel v. Board of School Directors of Wilkinsburg School District, 42 Pa.Cmwlth. 34, 400 A.2d 229, 230 (1979).
| CASELAW |
RK Sloboda Tuzla
Rukometni Klub Sloboda Tuzla, commonly abbreviated as RK Sloboda Tuzla is a team handball club based in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is part of the RSD Sloboda Tuzla.
It plays its home games in Mejdan, Tuzla. The clubs greatest success are three Handball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina titles.
History
Club was founded in 1959 as charter of RSD Sloboda Tuzla. Since its foundation the club's sponsor has been the local salt factory called Solana. Club has played first international match since Bosnia and Herzegovina has gained independence. In season 2016/2017 it competed in League of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina following relegation from Handball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina in season 2015/2016.
League
* Handball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina:
* Simple cup icon.svg Winners (3): 1994, 1995, 1996
* First League of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina – North:
* Simple cup icon.svg Winners (1): 2018
Cups
* Handball Cup of Bosnia and Herzegovina:
* Simple cup icon.svg Winners (4): 1994, 1996, 2020, 2021
Recent seasons
The recent season-by-season performance of the club:
* Key
Staff
* Staff for the 2020–21 season
Current squad
* Squad for the 2020–21 season
* Goalkeepers
* 99 🇧🇦 Milenko Jelić
* 11 🇧🇦 Sidik Omerović
* 1 🇧🇦 Zdravko Čajić
* Left wingers
* 7 🇧🇦 Enes Skopljak
* Right wingers
* 2 🇧🇦 Omar Karahodžić
* Line players
* 17 Marko Pedić
* 61 🇧🇦 Ermin Jusić
* 6 🇧🇦 Semir Memić
* 6 🇧🇦 Darko Ilić
* Left backs
* 69 🇷🇺 Rashid Kayumov
* 39 🇧🇦 Arnad Hamzić
* 25 🇧🇦 Bakir Pirić
* 9 🇧🇦 Harun Djana
* Central backs
* 4 🇧🇦 Adi Omeragić
* 5 🇧🇦 Amer Denjo
* 4 🇲🇰 Jovan Talevski
* 7 🇧🇦 Mirza Jusufović
* 94 🇧🇦 Sedžad Abdurahmanović
* 23 🇧🇦 Kerim Torlaković
* Right backs
* 10 🇧🇦 Emir Suhonjić (c)
* 19 🇧🇦 Dino Mehić
* 15 🇧🇦 Harun Đulić
Coaching history
* Srđan Praljak (1986–1991)
* 🇧🇦 Damir Cipurković ( – February 19, 2009)
* 🇧🇦 Mirza Bulić (August 5, 2018 – October 26, 2019)
* 🇧🇦 Nedžad Mašić (October 26, 2019 – January 3, 2020)
* 🇧🇦 Davor Kadić (January 6, 2020 – present) | WIKI |
Cabirus procas
Cabirus procas is a species of butterfly of the genus Cabirus.
Description
Male specimens of C. procas is yellow and black, while female specimens look completely different, where white hyaline spots replace the yellow colour with brownish-black veins and folds.
Distribution
Cabirus procas can be found in the Amazon basin, from The Guianas to Peru. | WIKI |
TempoClock.sec2beats appears broken, can any one confirm this?
{ thisThread.clock.secs2beats(10).postln }.fork returns -9138.438647381
thisThread.clock.secs2beats(10).postln returns 10
I’m not using it wrong am I? that should return something reasonable right?
yes I am also seeing negative numbers here
also for TempoClock.secs2beats(10) in the main thread
I didn’t see them until restarting
This discrepancy is because of:
fork { [thisThread, thisThread.clock].postln };
-> [ a Routine, a TempoClock ]
[thisThread, thisThread.clock];
-> [ a Thread, class SystemClock ]
The confusion with the negative numbers is because beats2secs and secs2beats are operating on absolute time points, not durations.
(
var t = TempoClock.new;
SystemClock.sched(1, { t.stop });
{
"TempoClock beats now = %
SystemClock seconds now = %
t.beats2secs(beats now) = %
t.secs2beats(SystemClock seconds now) = %
t.secs2beats(10) = %
".postf(
t.beats,
SystemClock.seconds,
t.beats2secs(t.beats),
t.secs2beats(SystemClock.seconds),
t.secs2beats(10)
);
}.fork(t);
)
TempoClock beats now = 0.0
SystemClock seconds now = 428.036806685
t.beats2secs(beats now) = 428.036806685
t.secs2beats(SystemClock seconds now) = 0.0
t.secs2beats(10) = -418.036806685
The timing model in SC goes like this:
SystemClock is the time reference. Everything goes back to SystemClock’s seconds. “0 seconds” is set when the sclang process boots up, and SystemClock advances according to std::chrono::high_resolution_clock (or std::chrono::steady_clock).
When you start a TempoClock, it’s a line beats = tempo * secs + b where b is such that 0 = tempo * secs + b (so b = -secondsAtTempoClockOnset * tempo). I think it doesn’t look exactly like that in the source code, but conceptually, that’s what it is.
The above example schedules a routine at 0 beats on t. To wake up on time, “beat 0” as an absolute time point must correspond to an absolute point on the “seconds” timeline. This is t.beats2secs(0). In fact t.beats2secs(t.beats) == SystemClock.seconds, always, by definition.
t.secs2beats then is taking an absolute point on the “seconds” timeline and converting it into the timepoint in beats on this TempoClock. t.beats2secs(10)… chances are, “10 seconds after sclang bootup” was a long time ago. If it was earlier than the moment of creating a tempo clock, then the beats value must be less than 0.
hjh
1 Like
Thanks!
I’ll add that to the docs later today.
Should probably be called beat2sec though — 4 beats (duration) verses the fourth beat (time point). | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:The rise and fall of the Emperor Maximilian.djvu/257
Rh haste from the United States, where it was believed that Maximilian had now embarked for Europe: he was commissioned to prepare the ground for two plenipotentiaries accredited to Juarez. In this interview M. Otterbourg announced to the commander-in-chief the approaching visit of his two countrymen, and the aim of their journey, and sought to sound him as to the mode in which he intended to deal with events. Subsequently, in an official conversation, he intimated that he was charged by his own government, acting in accordance with the court of the Tuileries, to restore, in conjunction with the commander-in-chief, the Mexican republic.
'The time has come,' said he, 'to look out for the Juarist general, to whom it will be best to give over the city of Mexico, so as to avoid the disturbances which may break out at any moment.' Porfirio Diaz appeared, in his opinion, to be worthy of being selected by the French. It would, therefore, be prudent, looking forward to contingencies, to invite him to approach the capital. He also apprised the commander-in-chief that he had already obtained from the bankers of the city funds sufficient to meet the pay of Porfirio Diaz's troops for a month.
The marshal manifested all the astonishment he felt at finding things so far advanced, and declared plainly to M. Otterbourg, that 'as long as Maximilian trod the Mexican soil and had not abdicated, he remained in his eyes the only lawful chief of the country who had any right to the French protection; that, until this moment arrived, no fresh measures could be taken, and every disaffected general necessarily preserved his character as a rebel, and must be dealt with as such.' Subsequently, when the archduke was once embarked, he could not see any objection to organising a | WIKI |
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkSearch/Reggaereggaesauce.com
* has 4 links on wikipedia# Levi_Roots
* Reggae_Reggae_Sauce
* User:J2thawiki/temp/Levi_Roots
* User:J2thawiki/temp/Reggae_Reggae_Sauce | WIKI |
Grand Saline Independent School District
Grand Saline Independent School District is an East Texas public school district based in Grand Saline, Texas (USA). The district encompasses roughly all of northeastern Van Zandt County and has a very small portion in extreme northwestern Smith County. The district operates 4 campuses in 5 buildings and also has various other buildings on former school district property. The district has a rating of "Standards Met", the highest rating given by the Texas Education Agency.
Administration
* Superintendent - Mr. Micah Lewis
* Assistant Superintendent - Mr. Ricky LaPrade
* High School Principal - Mr. Jim Lamb
* Middle School Principal - Mr. Michael Mize
* Intermediate School Principal - Mrs. Tina Core
* Elementary School Principal - Mrs. Laurie Hooten
* Director of Athletics - Coach Joe Drennon
* Board of Education -
* Mr. Micah Lowe, President
* Mr. Phillip "Bear" Brown, Vice-President
* Mr. Kyle Thompson, Secretary
* Mr. Matt Strickland, Member
* Mr. Dustin Mason, Member
* Mr. Nick Haley, Member
* Mr. Michael Martin, Member
School District History
Grand Saline's first school was started in 1849 as Grand Saline School with a total pupil population of 378 students on Saline Creek, a Sabine River tributary. Around 1920, all of the local communities consolidated to form Grand Saline Independent School District and the first school opened around 1920 and moved into the city itself at the corner of High and Green Street. Shortly thereafter, the first brick gymnasium ever built in Van Zandt County was built on the same plot of land shared with the high school. In the 1940s, the population of the school began to expand due Grand Saline's economic development the school district built an elementary school for students in 1st through 6th grade on the opposite side of the city on Oleander Street and also built the district's first football stadium, Person's stadium, in honor of A.E. Persons, a wealthy citizen who was an oilman and contributed financially to the district and town. In 1962 Grand Saline's Board of Education and the citizens approved the construction of a new high school, new gymnasium and additions to Person's Stadium. The new high school was finished in 1965. The city of Grand Saline constructed Stadium Drive which was built for access to the new high school. A separate middle school building for grades 7–8 was built in 1980 next door to the high school, and across the street, a weight training facility, track and field set-up, and fieldhouse was built. Renovations would not come again until 1993, when district voters approved a bond issue that built a cafetorium, and added a student commons area in the high school which would connect the gymnasium and the classroom wings and create one building. Additionally, voters approved the construction of Indian Memorial Stadium, a new football stadium with an Olympic quality track and field and a seating capacity of 4,500 fans, replacing the old Person's Stadium, which became a practice field. In 1996, GSISD constructed a brand new Intermediate School to house grades 4, 5, and 6. In late 1999, due to a steady growth in the district, officials proposed the idea of building a brand new, 7 million dollar, state of the art high school next to the current facility. In the spring of 2000, voters approved the bond issue and construction began in summer of 2002 and was opened for classes in fall of 2004, with the capacity to house 550 students. In addition to much bigger classrooms, the new school houses a gymnasium with 3 basketball courts and seating for 1,200 fans, a new baseball field directly behind the new high school, and a new fine arts auditorium. In 2011, Grand Saline replaced their oldest campus, the elementary school. The new school was built directly on the former Person's stadium and directly across the street from the other 3 campuses. The same year, the district opened a softball complex, replacing the former softball field that was behind the old elementary school.
In March 2022 the district began permitting employees to have weapons if they are concealed.
District Schools and Facilities
The district currently operates 4 Schools in 5 buildings with a total district enrollment of roughly 1,200 students.
In addition to the campuses, GSISD also owns and operates various facilities for athletic purposes and community purposes. The district still owns the original plot of land where the first in-city school was built. The land has the first school replica and the first gymnasium ever built by the district. Both are still used by the community. The old school was a project of the community group "Friends of the Old School." The group was dealt a terrible setback in 2009 when a fire almost destroyed the school, but was rebuilt due to generous donations by the community members.
Other facilities
Indian Memorial Stadium-Football stadium for the Middle School and High School football teams and Track and Field teams. Built in 1994, it seats 4,500 fans at capacity and is one of the top 3A and under grass stadiums in East Texas.
Shirely F. Anderson Tennis Complex-a tennis complex, built in honor of the former Grand Saline and Texas Christian University Football and Tennis standout and graduate. Currently under renovation
Indian Baseball Diamond-Constructed in 2003, the field is home to Grand Saline High School Baseball, one of the premier East Texas programs and also hosts the I-20 classic, along with nearby Van and Canton High Schools.
Lady Indian Softball Facility-Built in 2012, the facility is a venue for Grand Saline Lady Indian Softball.
The old Elementary school is still used as well for Head Start and other primary school age activities despite its age. The current Middle School (which was the old High School) is under renovation to correct issues with the aging of the building.
The Grand Saline High School Theater contains a full size proscenium stage, technical work room, tool room, costume storage, prop storage loft, and two dressing rooms. The multi-leveled cafeteria seating holds 500.
Recognition
As of the 2013 School year, Grand Saline ISD was awarded the highest possible rating by the Texas Education Agency's new ranking system, with a ranking report of "Met Standards" on the "core four" categories of Student Achievement, Student Progress, Closing Performance Gaps, and College or post-secondary Readiness. State target percentages for school districts in Texas to for "Met Standards" for the categories are, respectively, 50, 21, 55, and 75. GSISD surpassed them all with numbers of 77, 34, 75, and 83 percent, giving GSISD its best ranking since the 2005–06 school year.
Traditionally, Grand Saline has been between academically Recognized and Exemplary according to former TEA TAKS/TAAS standards. The district dipped to a low of Acceptable during the 2007–08 school year, but rebounded to be Recognized as in 2009–10.
Grand Saline High School and Grand Saline Middle School both were Exemplary Texas Schools from 1998 to 2004. | WIKI |
Talk:鴨雄聲
Pronunciation
Pronunciation is /aʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ hyŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ (s-)niaŋ⁵⁵/ in source. --Mar vin kaiser (talk) 13:57, 25 February 2021 (UTC) | WIKI |
EndBASIC: Simple BASIC interpreter with visual features
If there weren't enough BASIC language interpreters out there (with some already written in Rust)... I give you one more!
Quoting EndBASIC's README:
EndBASIC is an interpreter for a BASIC-like language and is inspired by Amstrad's Locomotive BASIC 1.1 and Microsoft's QuickBASIC 4.5. Like the former, EndBASIC intends to provide an interactive environment that seamlessly merges coding with immediate visual feedback. Like the latter, EndBASIC offers higher-level programming constructs and strong typing. The main idea behind EndBASIC is to provide a playground for learning the foundations of programming in a simplified environment.
EndBASIC is written in Rust. The parser and interpreter's primary goal is to be readable and easy to modify. A secondary goal is to make the core minimal, extensible, and configurable. Performance is not a goal right now, though it likely won't disappoint.
EndBASIC is free software under the Apache 2.0 License.
I'm writing this as a tool to teach programming to my young kids. But, to be honest, I have had a lot of fun writing this in Rust (my second project in this language). To reach that educational goal, though, there are a lot of missing features that I'll be adding soon like "fun" commands to play with, a REPL, and probably some form of graphics support.
Where will this go? I don't know yet.
But for now, please enjoy! You can find the project and some more details in these links:
3 Likes
Nice work, and thanks for doing a little write-up as well! Each library has its own story, and I these sorts of "announcement" articles are always an interesting read.
I had a skim through the source code and it looks like you're handling errors by using failure::Fallible to bail out at the first problem. More elaborate diagnostics (e.g. report all errors or point at where the error occurred) may be useful if this is intended as a learning tool for others.
To implement error reporting and nice diagnostics I'd recommend codespan crate and its accompanying codespan_reporting. I've used it in several tools to provide users with nice user-friendly error messages that point at the offending line and provide explanation/suggestions. Most well-used of these is mdbook-linkcheck, and I know it powers at least two programming languages.
Example from repo homepage
It depends on how familiar you are with parsers, but during the parsing step this is usually implemented by having some dummy Error node. When a production fails you can substitute the Error node, emit a diagnostic, and try to resume parsing from some reliable checkpoint (e.g. say a Rust parser can't parse an impl block, skip until the closing } and try to parse the other items in the file).
1 Like
Thanks for looking and for the suggestions, Michael.
Yeah, this was also brought up in a question I asked a few days ago (Ergonomics of a lexer and iterators). At that point, I spent some time removing the use of fallible from the reader and the lexer, but then stopped there given that, before changing semantics, I wanted to get the whole thing fully tested (even if with suboptimal behavior).
So yes, I want to make error reporting better (which will be necessary for recoverability in the REPL). It currently sucks right now :slight_smile: I think I'd also want to avoid using fallible completely, but we'll see how far I take that.
Cheers!
Have a look at some of the stuff coming out of rust-analyzer, they're solving pretty much the same problem but at a much larger scale. matklad (one of the main contributors towards rust-analyzer) wrote a really interesting article on implementing fallible parsers. Their use case is quite niche (a super low latency IDE plugin which can re-evaluate while you're midway through typing a word), but it's still quite applicable.
1 Like
This topic was automatically closed 90 days after the last reply. New replies are no longer allowed. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
EMAIL THIS PAGE TO A FRIEND
PloS one
A Comparative Study on Antioxidant System in Fish Hepatopancreas and Intestine Affected by Choline Deficiency: Different Change Patterns of Varied Antioxidant Enzyme Genes and Nrf2 Signaling Factors.
PMID 28099509
Abstract
The liver and intestine are susceptible to the oxidative damage which could result in several diseases. Choline deficiency induced oxidative damage in rat liver cells. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms responsible for choline deficiency-induced oxidative damage. Juvenile Jian carp were fed diets differing in choline content [165 (deficient group), 310, 607, 896, 1167 and 1820 mg/kg diet] respectively for 65 days. Oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activities and related gene expressions in the hepatopancreas and intestine were measured. Choline deficiency decreased choline and phosphatidylcholine contents, and induced oxidative damage in both organs, as evidenced by increased levels of oxidative-stress markers (malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine), coupled with decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes [Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)]. However, choline deficiency increased glutathione contents in the hepatopancreas and intestine. Furthermore, dietary choline deficiency downregulated mRNA levels of MnSOD, GPx1b, GST-rho, mGST3 and Kelch-like ECH associating protein 1 (Keap1b) in the hepatopancreas, MnSOD, GPx1b, GPx4a, GPx4b, GST-rho, GST-theta, GST-mu, GST-alpha, GST-pi and GST-kappa in the intestine, as well as intestinal Nrf2 protein levels. In contrast, choline deficiency upregulated the mRNA levels of GPx4a, GPx4b, mGST1, mGST2, GST-theta, GST-mu, Keap1a and PKC in the hepatopancreas, mGST3, nuclear factor erythoid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Keap1a in the intestine, as well as hepatopancreatic Nrf2 protein levels. This study provides new evidence that choline deficiency-induced oxidative damage is associated with changes in the transcription of antioxidant enzyme and Nrf2/Keap1 signaling molecules in the hepatopancreas and intestine. Additionally, this study firstly indicated that choline deficiency induced varied change patterns of different GPx and GST isoforms. Meanwhile, the changes of some GPx and GST isoforms caused by choline deficiency in the intestine were contrary to those in the hepatopancreas. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Anti-Communist Bolivian Front
The Anti-Communist Bolivian Front (Spanish: Frente Boliviano Anticomunista, FBA) was a small right-wing political party in Bolivia.
The Anti-Communist Bolivian Front was formed in 1964. This party of recent origin was allegedly financed by the government of Víctor Paz Estenssoro to provide a token opposition, because other opposition parties boycotted the election on 31 May 1964.
The Anti-Communist Bolivian Front presented many candidates for the 10 Senate and 36 Chamber of Deputies seats up for election, but it garnered only a negligible vote.
After the coup d'état on 4 November 1964 the Anti-Communist Bolivian Front disappeared. | WIKI |
Page:The English Works of Raja Rammohun Roy Vol 2.djvu/230
218 to the property, according to the Mitakshura; and the former, according to the Dayubhagu.
Fifth. A man, having a share of undivided real property, is not authorized to make a sale or gift of it without the consent of the rest of his partners, according to the Mitakshura; but according to the Dayubhagu, behe [sic] can dispose of it at his free will.
Sixth. A man in possession of ancestral real property, though not under any tenure limiting it to the successive generations of his family, is not authorized to disppse of it, by sale or gift, without the consent of his sons and grandsons, according to the Mitakshura; while, according to the Dayubhagu, he has the power to alienate the property at his free will. | WIKI |
Shawn Thierry
Shawn Nicole Thierry (born August 6, 1969) is an American politician. She is a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives, representing the 146th District. She won the November 2016 general election and was sworn into office on January 10, 2017. Thierry was an unsuccessful candidate for the 57th Civil District Court in 2010. She was defeated by Lauren Simmons by 65% to 35% on May 28, 2024, in the Democratic primary runoff for the Texas House of Representatives for the 146th District.
Positions
In April 2023, Thierry voted in favor of HB 900, to ban books from public schools deemed ‘sexually explicit’. The bill was heavily criticized by LGBT advocates for including books containing reference to LGBT topics in its definition of sexually explicit.
In May of that year, Thierry broke ranks with her party to vote in favor of a bill to ban gender affirming care for trans minors.
She has also voted in favor of bans on trans women from women’s sports.
She came in second in her primary to challenger Lauren Ashley Simmons on March 5, 2024, and was forced into a run-off. On May 28, Thierry was defeated by Simmons, having received 35.4% of the vote. | WIKI |
Monthly Archives: December 2014
AWK to investigate files on Unix
Today, I worked with the Unix’ awk utility. This is an extremely potent utility to investigate text files on a Unix platform. It can be invoked from the terminal command line. The command must start with awk.
The keyword awk is followed by a script that is positioned between quotes. After the quotes, the textfile is mentioned (say ww-ii-data.txt).
When some items need to initialised, we have the begin clause. The beginclause is positioned between brackets {}.
After that a selection can be made on lines with a selection between slashes. The actions on the line are then also positioned between brackets. Finaly after the END, an end-clause may be included. We then have:
awk ‘BEGIN {} /selection/ {} END {}’ file.
As an example:
awk '
BEGIN {count=0;max=0}
//{
temp = substr($0,37,3) + 0;
count++;
if (max< temp)
max=temp
}
END {print "regels: ", count," max in Celcius", (5/9)*(max-32);}
' ww-ii-data.txt
I noticed that variables can be used. No declaration is needed. Nice.
An alternative programme is written on a file where columns are separated by commas. In that case, the seperator must be included in the BEGIN clause. This is accomplished with "FS="separator code"". If that is done, the different columns are labelled as $1, $2, etc. This allows you to directly access such a column. If one would like to use this columns, one may use a variable $1, $2 that stands for this column.
awk '
BEGIN {count=0;max=0;FS=","}
// {
temp = $3 + 0;
count++;
if (max< temp)
max=temp
}
END {print "regels: ", count," max ", max;}
' /home/hadoop/a.csv
Finally, a statement to remove end-of-line characters in a UNIX file:
{Processed_File}
Hadoop
Everyone talks about big data and Hadoop. Someone even compared it to teenage sex: everone talks about it, everyone knows someone who does it but no-one yet does it. I just tried hadoop to see what it is all about.
Yahoo-hadoop-cluster_OSCON_2007
I made two attempts to install hadoop.
One attempt was about installing Hadoop 1.0.3. I relied on a paper from Michael Noll ( http://www.michael-noll.com/tutorials/running-hadoop-on-ubuntu-linux-single-node-cluster/ ). I noticed it was really important to use the correct versions of the jdk; I first tried to install Hadoop 1.0.3 with a recent version of the Jdk but that failed. A subsequent attempt was successfull. This could be established with help of the interface ( localhost:50070 ).
A second attempt was about installing Hadoop 2.4. I used a blog from Matthew Sharpe ( http://dogdogfish.com/2014/04/26/installing-hadoop-2-4-on-ubuntu-14-04/ ) to get the necessary information. After the installion, I created a small example to check if this worked. It did work.
Hence, I ended up with two working examples of Hadoop.
The problem is that hadoop is now alive and kicking. I verified this by executing a small example. This worked out ok. But how to continue. Working with hadoop isn’t trivial. My next step will be is finding a means to work with Hadoop. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The Purple Rose of Cairo
The Purple Rose of Cairo is a 1985 film set in 1930s New Jersey, when a movie character walks off the screen and into the real world.
* Directed and written by Woody Allen.
She's finally met the man of her dreams. He's not real but you can't have everything.
Cecilia
* I just met a wonderful new man. He's fictional but you can't have everything.
Tom Baxter
* It's so impulsive, but... I'll come. Why not? What's life without a little risk taking? Who knows?
* I don't get hurt or bleed, hair doesn't muss; it's one of the advantages of being imaginary.
* Life's too short to spend time thinking about life. Let's just live it!
Others
* Moviegoer: I want what happened in the movie last week to happen this week; otherwise, what's life all about anyway?
Dialogue
* Tom Baxter: Cecilia, it's clear how miserable you are with your husband. And if he hits you again, you tell me. I'd be forced to knock his teeth out.
* Cecilia: I don't think that'd be such a good idea. He's big.
* Tom Baxter: I'm sorry. It's written into my character to do it, so I do it.
* Tom Baxter: [after innocently being invited into a bordello] I was thinking about some very deep things. About God and his relation with Irving Saks and R.H. Levine. And I was thinking about life in general. The origin of everything we see about us. The finality of death; how almost magical it seems in the real world, as opposed to the world of celluloid and flickering shadows.
* Hooker [to another hooker] Where did you FIND this clown?
* Gil's Agent: Tom Baxter's come down off the screen and he's running around New Jersey!... Nobody knows how it happened, but he's done it.
* Gil Shepherd: How can he do that? It's not physically possible!
* Gil's Agent: In New Jersey anything can happen.
* Tom Baxter: [to Cecilia] I love you. I'm honest, dependable, courageous, romantic, and a great kisser.
* Gil Shepherd: And I'm real.
* Tom Baxter: [pauses after kissing Cecilia] Where's the fade-out?
* Cecilia: What?
* Tom Baxter: Always when the kissing gets hot and heavy just before the lovemaking, there's a fadeout.
* Cecilia: Then what?
* Tom Baxter: Then we're making love in some private, perfect place.
* Cecilia: That's not how it happens here.
* Tom Baxter: What, there's no fade out?
* Cecilia: No, but when you kissed me, I felt like my heart faded out. I closed my eyes, and I was in some private place.
* Tom Baxter: How fascinating. You make love without fading out?
* Cecilia: Yes.
* Tom Baxter: Well, I can't wait to see this!
* Tom Baxter: I guess I have to get a job.
* Cecilia: That's not gonna be so easy either - right now the whole country's out of work.
* Tom Baxter: Well, then, we'll live on love. We'll have to make some concessions, but so what? We'll have each other
* Cecilia: That's movie talk.
* Theater Manager: Cecilia, what are you doing here?
* Cecilia: Meeting Gil Shepherd.
* Theater Manager: They all gone.
* Cecilia: Th - whaddaya, whaddaya mean?
* Theater Manager: They went back to Hollywood.
* Cecilia: Gil too?
* Theater Manager: Mr Shepherd, yeah. Soon as Tom Baxter went back up on the movie screen - couldn't wait to get outta here. He said this was a close call for his career. I think he's gonna play Charles Lindbergh. [pause] Don't forget, Cecilia, Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers start today.
Cast
* Mia Farrow - Cecilia
* Jeff Daniels - Tom Baxter/Gil Shepherd
* Danny Aiello - Monk
* Edward Herrmann - Henry
* John Wood - Jason
* Deborah Rush - Rita
* Zoe Caldwell - The Countess
* Van Johnson - Larry Wilde
* Karen Akers - Kitty Haynes
* Milo O'Shea - Father Donnelly
* Dianne Wiest - Emma | WIKI |
-- Chevron Crude Oil Pipeline Shut After Leak Is Detected in Salt Lake City
Chevron Corp. shut down a crude oil
pipeline after a leak was detected near a creek in Salt Lake
City, according to Lisa Harrison Smith, a spokeswoman for the
mayor’s office. Chevron workers reported the spill at 11:23 p.m. local time
yesterday, said Captain Michael Harp of the Salt Lake City Fire
Department. Firefighters were able to contain the fuel before it
reached Red Butte Creek, he said. “This pipeline happens to cross a lot of our watershed
areas, so it literally could affect, if there is a spill, a
million people’s drinking-water supply,” Mayor Ralph Becker
said in a telephone interview today. The San Ramon, California-based company does not anticipate
any impact on Salt Lake City refineries, Justin Higgs , a company
spokesman, said in an e-mail. “At this time, we are uncertain when the pipeline will be
back in service,” Higgs said. It was the second leak in six months on the 10-inch line,
Harrison Smith said. The pipe was shut from June 12 to June 21
and the mayor’s office reported an estimated 800 barrels of
crude leaked. Sean Comey, another company spokesman, said at the time
that an electrical arc may have caused the June spill. Tesoro Corp.’s 58,000-barrel-a-day refinery in Salt Lake
City receives a small volume of crude from the common carrier
Chevron pipeline, Mike Marcy , a Tesoro spokesman, said in an e-
mail. Tesoro doesn’t expect any difficulty supplying customers
and meeting contractual obligations while the line is out of
service, Marcy said. The cause of the leak is under investigation while the
cleanup continues, Harp said. “Over the last few months we’ve been in the process of
evaluating this line and others in the area,” Becker said.
“This obviously creates a whole new sense of urgency.” To contact the reporter on this story:
Leela Landress in Houston at
llandress@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Dan Stets at
dstets@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Back in the Streets
Back in the Streets is a 1979 EP by the American heavy metal band Dokken, recorded in 1979 during the band's tour of Germany.
According to band founder/singer Don Dokken, Back in the Streets was a demo tape that was stolen from him. It is an illegal bootleg for which the band sees no royalties or financial remuneration. Since it is a bootleg release, Don Dokken has reportedly stated that it is acceptable to duplicate this material. Dokken's rationale is that releasing the material to the public domain will severely curb the ability of the bootleggers to profit financially. The record was released in 1989 on the German Repertoire label.
Of the members of Dokken associated with the major label releases from 1983 onward, only Don plays on this album. The band photo includes drummer Gary Holland (later of Great White) at far left, and guitarist Greg Leon second from the left, both former members of the band Suite 19. At far right is bassist Gary Link. These were the musicians that backed Don Dokken on his tour of Germany in 1980.
The Back in the Streets EP tracks are also included on the 2020 Dokken archives release, The Lost Songs: 1978-1981.
Dokken
* Don Dokken – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
* George Lynch – lead guitar
* Juan Croucier – bass, background vocals
* Mick Brown – drums
Production
* Michael Wagener - producer, engineer | WIKI |
Arambagh
Arambagh also known as Arambag is a town and a municipality in Hooghly district in the state of West Bengal, India. It is the headquarters of Arambagh subdivision.
Location
Arambagh is located at 22.88°N, 87.78°W. It has an average elevation of 15 metres (118 feet). The town is situated on the link Road (state highway-2) 81Km north-west of Kolkata, 27 Km north-west of Tarakeswar, 39 Km south-east of Bardhaman. It is located on the bank of the Dwarakeswar River.
Area overview
The Arambagh subdivision, presented in the map alongside, is divided into two physiographic parts – the Dwarakeswar River being the dividing line. The western part is upland and rocky – it is extension of the terrain of neighbouring Bankura district. The eastern part is flat alluvial plain area. The railways, the roads and flood-control measures have had an impact on the area. The area is overwhelmingly rural with 94.77% of the population living in rural areas and 5.23% in urban areas.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.
Climate
The maximum temperature during summer rises up to 42 °C (2016) while minimum temperature during winter comes down to 8 °C. Average annual rainfall is 1600 millimetres.
Demographics
According to the 2011 Census of India, Arambagh had a total population of 66,175 of which 33,443 (51%) were males and 32,732 (49%) were females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 6,522. The total number of literate persons in Arambagh was 48,338 (81.03% of the population over 6 years).
India census, Arambagh had a population of 66,175. Males constitute 62% of the population and females 38%. Arambagh has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 79% male literacy and 58% of female literacy. 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Police station
Arambagh police station has jurisdiction over Arambagh municipal area and Arambagh CD block. The headquarters of Arambagh CD block are located at Arambagh.
Economics
This is a rice and potato agricultural area with several rice mills and cold storages. Many Top branded companies set up their business in Arambagh.
History
Arambagh sub-division was formed in 1879. It was known as Jahanabad Sub-Division as the headquarters of the sub-division was the town of Jahanabad.Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was the first Sub-Divisional Officer of Arambagh. On 19 April 1900 the name was changed from Jahanabad to Arambagh, which means "the garden of ease and comfort". Other prominent figures from the district were:
* Rammohan Roy – Reformer. He was Ambassador of Mughal Emperor.
* Prafulla Chandra Sen – Freedom fighter, Chief Minister of W.B.
* Ramkrishna Parmahnsa - Indian Hindu mystic and saint during the 19th century Bengal. Kamarpukur was his birthplace.
* Prasanna Kumar Sarbadhikary – First Patiganit (arithmetic book in Bengali) writer.
* Nandlal Maity - Writer of history of mathematics in Bengali in three volume.
* Narayan Ch Ghosh - Defined the term Folkmathematics - mathematics that is manifestation of folk life.
Libraries
Two government sponsored public libraries are situated in Arambagh. Raja Rammohan Roy Pathagar-o- Sanskriti Parishad is the oldest and most popular library of this area. Another library is Arambagh Sub Divisional library. Besides these two, there are many other public libraries in the surrounding area.
CBSE affiliated Schools
Pearl Rosary School, Hooghly
* Arambagh Vivekananda Academy (CBSE affiliate from 2007)
* Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Hooghly
CISCE (ICSE/ISC) Schools
Kids Star Play School for ages 2 to 6, cares childs holistic development.
* Sarada Vidyapith, but the school is not affiliated.
West Bengal Board affiliated schools
Pearl Rosary School is the most renowned school in the locality. The school is affiliated to CBSE. The school is an authorised study centre of National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS), Govt of India.
* Kapsit High School, Kapsit, Arambagh, Hooghly
* Batanal Union High School
* Arambag High School
* Kalipur Swamiji High School
* Pearl Rosary School
* Bajua High School
* Arambagh Girls High School
* Kanpur Krishnabati Vivekananda Institution
* Parul Ramkrishna Sarada High School
* Arambagh Boys Primari School
* Basanta Prathamik Vidhyalaya
* K.B.Roy High School
* Saraswati Sishu Mandir, Balibela
* Tirol High School, Tirol
* Gourhati Haradas Institution
* Golta High School
* Golta Nimna Buniadi Vidyalaya
* Joyrampur Netaji High School
* Muthadanga R.K. High School
* Pirijpur Hamidannesa Vidyapith
* Bhurkunda High School (H.S)
* Naisarai High School
* Nirbhoy pur Badalkona Ghiya Nilkantha Sikshanikaten High School
* Uttor Badalkona Prathomik Bidyaloy
* Hatbasantapur Hara Parbbati Institution (H.S.)
* Goghat High School (HS)
* Bali High School (H.S.)
* Udayrajpur High School (H.S.)
* Damodarpur High School (H.S.)
* Bengai High School (H.S.)
* Shaikhpur High School, Uttar Rasulpur, Hooghly
* Karui P.C High School (H.S) Karui, arambagh, hooghly, 712615
* Baradongal R N Institution (H.S), Baradongal, Hooghly, 712617
* Kumursha Sital Chandra Dey Vidyamandir (H.S), Kumursha, Hooghly, 712616
* Saora Union High School, Saora, hooghly
* Ghoshpur Union Netaji Vidyapith, Ghoshpur, Hooghly
* Gourhati Haradas Institution
* Raghunathput Saradamoni Valika Vidyalaya
* Ghasua Janata High School
* Mayal K.C. Roy Institution
* Thakuranichak Union High School
* Thakuranichak BBD Institution
* Dhanyaghori High School, Bandar
* Ghoradaha Sudhanya Charan High School
* Pole P.C.Sen High School
* Bengejola High School
* Ramnagar Atul Vidyalaya
* Madhurpur High School
* Patul Ganeshbazar High School(HS)
* Radhaballavpur High School
* Balarampur Primary School
* Mohanpur Primary School
* Khudiram Child Learning Centre (primary school)
* Anandamarga School (primary school), Rabindrapally, Arambagh
* Sisu Guchho (primary school)
* Kashinath Primary School
* Nirvoipur Primary School
* Chandibati Primary School
* Basudevpur Parul Jr. Basic School
* Dihibayra Primary School
* Haripur Sayedia Primary School
* Kamarpukur Ramakrishna Mission Multipurpose School
* Garh Mandaran High School
* Dakshin Rasulpur High School (H.S)
* Paschim Ghoshpur Ramkrishna Bidyapith (H.S)
* Paschim Ghoshpur Ramkrishna Bidyapith (H.S)
General degree colleges
* Aghorekamini Prakashchandra Mahavidyalaya, Bengai, Goghat II CD Block
* Arambagh Girls' College, Arambagh
* Kabikankan Mukundaram Mahavidyalaya, Keshabpur, Arambagh CD Block
* Netaji Mahavidyalaya, Kalipur, Arambagh
* Rabindra Mahavidyalaya, Champadanga, Pursurah
* Raja Rammohan Roy Mahavidyalaya, Radhanagore, Khanakul I CD Block
* Sri Ramkrishna Sarada Vidyamahapith, Kamarpukur, Goghat II CD Block
Polytechnic
* ITI-Bengai, Goghat
* Arambagh Government Polytechnic, Arambagh
* The New Horizon Institute of Technology, Durgapur | WIKI |
Pilot in Nepal Plane Crash Had an ‘Emotional Breakdown,’ Officials Say
KATHMANDU, Nepal — The captain of a Bangladeshi airplane that crashed in Nepal last year, killing 51 people on board, appeared to have experienced an “emotional breakdown” during the flight, a report has found. The findings, released on Sunday by a committee formed by the Nepalese government, concluded that the pilot’s “irritable, tensed, moody and aggressive” behavior during the flight might have contributed to a “loss of situational awareness” when trying to land. The plane, US-Bangla Airlines Flight 211, was landing at Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, on a flight from Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, when it crashed on March 12. Video showed a plane teetering over the runway. When it finally touched the ground, the plane skidded, hit a fence and erupted in a fireball, killing 49 of the 71 people on board. Two others later died from their injuries. Among the dead were 12 Nepalis training to be doctors at a university in Bangladesh. They were returning home for vacation after finishing their final examinations. Their families had stretched themselves as far as they could go to support their children’s attending medical school. Nepal suffers from a dire shortage of trained doctors. Urmila Pradhan, whose daughter, Shweta Thapa, was one of the students who died, was furious at the report’s findings. “She was my only ray of hope,” Ms. Pradhan said, sobbing through a telephone interview. “I was thinking good days were coming, but that pilot proved me wrong. I’m now totally helpless.” In its report, the Nepalese commission found that the airplane’s Bangladeshi pilot, Abid Sultan, 52, who was also in charge of the flight, had been showing signs of problems even before the plane took off from Dhaka. The report said Captain Sultan had slept little the night before the flight and had been unaware of new rules in Bangladesh that required international flights to have air clearance before departing from Dhaka, leading to confusion when he prepared for takeoff. He was also considering whether to resign from US-Bangla Airlines over comments from a colleague who had questioned his competency. In the air, Captain Sultan seemed “very insecure,” the report said. He acted aggressively with other crew members, smoked in the cockpit and complained repeatedly about the colleague’s criticism. (She was not on board.) Once in Nepalese airspace, Captain Sultan failed to follow standard procedures at a critical stage of the landing phase at Tribhuvan International Airport, the report said. This led to the loss of “situational awareness” that had prevented him from properly judging the angle of approach to the runway. The report also blamed air traffic controllers in Nepal for a “lack of assertiveness” in safely guiding the plane, a twin-engine turboprop that can carry up to 78 passengers, to the ground. “Landing was completed in a sheer desperation after sighting the runway, at very close proximity and very low altitude,” the report said. Captain Sultan, his co-pilot and the two other crew members on board were among those who died in the crash. The report was compiled using cockpit voice recordings, closed-circuit television footage, a flight data recorder and interviews with air traffic controllers and Nepali and Bangladeshi officials. Though an experienced pilot, Captain Sultan had struggled in the past. In 1993, he was let go from the Bangladesh Air Force in connection with his depression, the report said. He was later cleared to work again and flew planes for several airlines before joining US-Bangla Airlines in 2015, the year after it began operations. Dhaka-Kathmandu was US-Bangla Airlines’ first international route, according to the CAPA-Center for Aviation, a research group in Sydney, Australia. The airline is a subsidiary of the US-Bangla Group, a joint American-Bangladeshi company. In recent medical self-declaration forms, Captain Sultan, who was married with one son, did not disclose his mental health issues, the report found. He also claimed on some forms to have never been a smoker. Based on its findings, the Nepalese government recommended stricter and more regular physical and psychological evaluations for pilots before renewing their licenses. But Pranila Chitrakar, 38, whose husband died in the crash, circled back to Captain Sultan’s checkered history. She wondered why he had been allowed to helm Flight 211 in the first place. “My husband and many others wouldn’t have died if this mentally disturbed pilot was barred from leading the flight,” she said. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
How to Tell the Difference Between Male & Female Turkeys
How to Tell the Difference Between Male & Female Turkeys
••• Jeffengeloutdoors.com/iStock/GettyImages
Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) represent an iconic North American bird species. The typical domestic variety on farms originated from wild turkeys. Six subspecies of wild turkeys exist, with at least one subspecies in every state of the United States except for Alaska. Mexico boasts the ocellated turkey. Turkey males are called toms or gobblers, and females are called hens. Mature males and females are easily distinguished from each other.
TL;DR (Too Long; Didn't Read)
Turkey are large birds of North American origin. Males, called toms or gobblers, are much larger than females. Males boast dark iridescent plumage; large, fanning tails; prominent snoods; and wattles. They make gobbles and other mating calls. Females, or hens, are smaller, with duller plumage and less prominent features.
Common Features of Turkeys
Turkeys belong to the same family as partridges, pheasants and peafowl. They appear large and squat, with 5,000 to 6,000 feathers on their bodies. Turkeys can reach nearly 3 feet tall. They posses a red flap of skin under their chins called a wattle, and they have bumps called caruncles on their heads and throats. A snood dangles from their beaks. Spurs can be found on the backs of their lower legs. The omnivorous wild turkeys eat roots, tubers, acorns, nuts, berries, flowers, amphibians, insects and even reptiles. Turkeys possess excellent sight but poor senses of smell and taste. Wild turkeys, unlike their domesticated cousins, fly well, from 40 to 55 miles per hour. They also swim and can run as fast as 25 miles per hour. Turkeys roost safely in trees or dense vegetation at night, preferring woodlands, grasslands, savannas and even swamps. They roam according to weather conditions and gather in large flocks in winter. A pecking order or hierarchy exists among flocks.
Turkey Hens
Wild female turkeys, or hens, weigh from 5 to 12 pounds and range from 30 to 37 inches long. Hens bear less colorful feathers than males, with rusty brown, white or gray-tipped breast feathers. Their heads are either white or blue-gray, with small feathers on both head and neck. Their wattles, snoods, caruncles and spurs are small. Hens make vocalizations such as yelps, clucks and cuts. Approximately 10 percent of hens possess a “beard,” or elongated chest feathers. Hens do not strut or fan their tails. Females can lay from nine to 13 eggs, which they incubate for around 28 days. Well-nourished females in good physical condition nest earlier than females in poor condition. The feces of females can be distinguished from males as it is shaped like the letter “J.”
Male Turkeys: Toms or Gobblers
Male turkeys are called toms or gobblers. They weigh from 18 to as much as 25 pounds and are almost 3 feet tall, making them significantly larger than females. Adult toms boast featherless red, blue or white skin on their heads; the color changes as males grow excited. Toms possess a long “beard” on their chests, with long, hair-like feathers that stick out. Males have very dark bodies, but upon close inspection numerous iridescent colors such as bronze, gold, copper, green, blue and red can be found. Their spurs are much larger than on females, ranging up to 1.5 inches long. These are used for fighting other toms and predators. The toms’ prominent snoods expand or contract at will and hang over their beaks. Toms are polygamous. They can be dominant or subordinate depending on their gene expression. Dominant males possess exaggerated masculine traits at sexual maturity. Subordinate males can assist their dominant brothers in mating, but only dominant males will sire poults (babies). Toms strut and fan out their tail feathers as part of their display. As their alternate name suggests, males make gobble sounds, along with approximately 30 other calls. Males’ feces can be distinguished from females’ due to its spiral shape.
Breeding Habits of Turkeys
In spring, mature turkey hens determine the timing of breeding. Toms begin their cacophonous gobbling sounds, alerting other males and females. In addition to gobbling, toms make elaborate displays to attract females. They strut, drag their wings and long tail feathers in the dirt, puff out their “beards” and most spectacularly, fan their tail feathers in a great arc. Hens prefer toms with long snoods, as those indicate good health. Toms are polygamous and will mate with several different hens over the course of breeding season. Related males assist in courtship, but only the dominant male will actually mate.
Upon mating, a hen will leave to nest by herself. Hens prefer brood habitats with some cover, but with good visibility to keep watch for predators. The hen forms a loose nest and lays up to 13 cream-colored eggs. In between laying, hens forage for food and roost. Nesting hens prove vulnerable to predators. The eggs themselves face risk of predation before hatching. After 28 days of incubation, the eggs hatch. The mother hen relocates her babies, called poults, to areas with plentiful insects for them to eat. From two to three weeks old these young poults can fly and roost. Many will not reach maturity due to weather or predation from such animals as weasels, coyotes, mink, raccoons, skunks and snakes. A hen attempts to distract potential predators by feigning injury and leading predators away from her young, who await her signal in hiding for safety. Despite predation and mortality risks, wild turkeys continue to thrive, with approximately 7 million currently residing in the United States.
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Characteristics Of Doves | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Memoirs of Mrs. Elizabeth Fry.djvu/5
TO JOSEPH FRY, ESQ., AND TO ALL THE MEMBERS OP THE FAMILY OF THE LATE MRS. FRY, THIS VOLUME, AS A MEMORIAL OF HIGH VENERATION FOR THE EXTRAORDINARY CHARACTER OF THAT AMIABLE CHRISTIAN PHILANTHROPIST, AND OF CO-OPERATION WITH HER IN HER BENEVOLENT LABOURS TO BENEFIT BRITISH SEAMEN, IS DEDICATED, WITH UNFEIGNED ESTEEM AND RESPECT, BY THE AUTHOR. | WIKI |
Research Areas
Secondary Diseases
Secondary Diseases related to diabetes affect many different organs and develop over time as a direct result of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) and metabolic dysfunction. Poor blood sugar (glycemic) control predisposes to elevations in blood pressure (hypertension). As a result, diseases of the cardiovascular system are the most common secondary diseases associated with diabetes. In fact, diabetes patients are two to three times more likely than non-diabetes patients to develop hypertension-related heart attacks, strokes, retinopathy (vascular disease of the eye) and nephropathy (vascular disease of the kidney). Retinopathy results in blood vessel overgrowth and bleeding in the eye which can eventually destroy the retina causing vision loss, whereas nephropathy results in destruction of the kidneys as a result of high blood pressure and poor glycemic control. Nephropathy related kidney failure is the leading cause of premature death in young diabetes patients with poor glycemic control, hypertension and high blood cholesterol.
Other types of secondary diseases can be the result of metabolic consequences of diabetes such as hyperglycemic toxicity on cells or toxic adiposity (fat deposition). Gastroparesis (slow stomach emptying), dyslipidemia (abnormal lipid content in blood), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and neuropathy (disease of the nerves) are all examples of these types of secondary diseases. Gastroparesis can cause abdominal pain, vomiting, weight loss and malnutrition and the cause is still not well understood. Dyslipidemia and NAFLD are directly related to insulin-resistance and are more common in Type 2 diabetes. Neuropathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes and can range from light tingling sensations, and/or sensory loss, to severe and chronic pain. Neuropathy is also the major cause of lower extremity ulceration and limb amputation in diabetes.
Researchers at the Alberta Diabetes Institute are hard at work deciphering the underlying mechanisms of these secondary diseases associated with diabetes, targeting two key areas; early detection and prevention. These studies range from the discovery stage to clinical trials and span the entire range of secondary diseases discussed above. Currently ongoing studies include Alberta`s Caring for Diabetes Project, medication management of diabetes, the genetics and mechanisms of childhood obesity, energy metabolism by the heart in health and diabetes, cardiovascular lipid accumulation during insulin resistance, vitamin D and bone health in nephropathy, resveratrol in cardiac function, motilin effects in gastroparesis, hemostatic dysfunction in Type 2 diabetes and the effects of nutritional supplements on NAFLD. All of the above studies share the ultimate goal of better understanding diabetes-related complications and improving the quality of life of diabetes patients.
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Rainbow Beach (Queensland)
Rainbow Beach is on the Fraser Coast of Central Queensland, Australia.
Understand
Rainbow Beach is your golden gateway to some of the most amazing natural attractions to be found anywhere in the world.
From this picturesque coastal village, enchantingly nestled between Tin Can Bay and the Pacific Ocean, you can experience an enthralling mosaic of these wonders and indulge in your favorite pursuits at the same time.
Get in
By car, Rainbow Beach is about 75km from the Bruce Highway at Gympie, and the drive takes around an hour. The turn-off onto Tin Can Bay Road is well signposted from both directions, as is the turning onto Rainbow Beach Road after 40km.
If you have a 4WD, and the weather has been good, you can also drive in from Noosa via the Cooloola Way, or at low tide along the beaches of the Great Sandy National Park. Permits are required for the latter.
Premier Coaches operate one bus per day in each direction from Brisbane to Cairns via Rainbow Beach, calling in the morning southbound and the evening northbound. Greyhound Australia have two buses per day in each direction from Brisbane to Cairns via Rainbow Beach, again calling in the morning southbound and the evening northbound.
Get around
Rainbow Beach is small enough to walk around, though there are taxis available if you need to get to some of the further flung caravan parks.
Visit the National Parks Office (on the right just as you enter town) for maps of the town, walking maps for the surrounding area, and driving/4wd maps of the national park.
See
* See the rainforests, heathlands and freshwater lakes.
* Carlo Sand Blow (short walk from town)
* Coloured Sands (longer walk along the beach)
* Inskip Point, looking out over K'gari
Do
* Swim with the dolphins, or take the morning boat trip to feed them
* Take a joyflight in a helicopter or plane.
* Para or hang-glide in one of the top ten spots in the world – the Carlo Sand Blow, an amazing spectacle in itself with postcard views.
* Dive with sharks at Wolf Rock
* Rent a 4WD, drive on the beaches and explore the driving trails in the national park. Or, take it on a ferry over to K'gari and camp there whilst exploring
* Take a 4WD bus tour to K'gari
* Visit a ship wreck,
* fish till you’re wrecked, or
* just drag your feet along miles of golden sand.
Buy
Rainbow Beach has a few shops selling clothing, and two small supermarkets. There are plenty of places selling and renting camping gear, and plenty selling ice, bait, firewood etc. The butcher generally has an excellent selection of meats for BBQs. There's a bottle shop too.
For a larger supermarket or a pharmacy, you'll need to visit Cooloola Cove, which is about 25km from Rainbow Beach on the round way to Tin Can Bay.
Eat
There are several cafes at the end of Rainbow Beach Road in the main shopping area, which are usually open for breakfast and lunch, but not usually dinner.
There's a Surf Club which does food and drinks, with a view over the beach, and a hotel. The tennis club on Double Island Drive does food too.
Near the entrance to the town is also a very nice seafood restaurant and takeaway, which serves a variety of local fish dishes.
Further afield, the Yacht Club in Tin Can Bay has lovely views over the bay, and does fairly nice lunches and dinners.
Drink
The Surf Club and the Hotel are the main places in town.
Sleep
There are two Backpackers in town, both on Spectrum Avenue:
* Dingos' Backpackers
* Fraisers at Rainbow Beach
There are several motels, hotels and holiday apartment complexes including:
* Rainbow Getaway Holiday Apartments - 1-3 bedroom apartments, pool and gym
* Rainbow Sands Resort
* Rainbow Sands Resort
In addition, there's a caravan park on Carlo Road near the boat ramp, and those with appropriate national park permits can also camp near the town.
Go next
* Explore the spectacular scenery of K'gari | WIKI |
Giorgio Vasari and Ludovico Dolce were two eminent critics and art historians of the Renaissance period. They debated over the two opposing formulas that governed the Italian art of sixteenth century. Vasari’s Lives of the Artists and Dolce’s Dialogo Della Pittura both argued in favour of the theories they believed in.
Vasari, an established painter in his own right and architect who worked for the grand Duke of Tuscany, perhaps, was the most discussed art historian and critic of the Renaissance period. Even today some of his theories and artistic philosophies are highly respected across the art fraternity of the world. The art of design or the paintings that is governed by the linear content was propagated by Vasari, who was considered one of the most reliable sources of Italian Renaissance. He projected the Tuscan art, which is dominated by the linear content, as the most important.
The Venetian painters, on the other hand, were the proponents of colour as the most important factor in paintings of the Tuscan painters. Most of them Florentines, stuck to the theory that the linear contents were the controlling factor in paintings.
The concept of linear design-dominated works was mostly created by artists after creating several carefully planned preliminary drawings that acted as the basis for the work. Space, composition and design were all carefully worked out before the artist actually attempted the final work, usually in large formats. If one studies the preliminary drawings of the masters, this factor will be revealed. The drawings executed by Michelangelo for large murals like the Genesis on the Sistine chapel and those used for other works and the importance given to preparatory sketches will be seen as an important exercise before commencing the final version. Despite such meticulous attempts, a surprising factor noticeable in the creation of Michelangelo’s celebrated sculpture David is that he has used only one small clay maquét for the work. The creation of the 18 feet tall masterpiece must have been definite in his mind.
The other Renaissance master Titian, an artist from Venice, was highly acclaimed and patronised by connoisseurs across Europe. He worked with much more freedom sans linear content and brought out magnificent results in his works. A fine example of this is his highly appreciated work Rape of Europa. Though a meticulous worker in his younger days who attempted to detail and finish to microscopic dimensions, he attempted his later works in an extempore way. In a way the brush strokes and application of colours were done at an abandoned mood and gave a great dimension that was revealed only from a distance, rather than at close proximity. Perhaps, Titian was the most dominant figure among the Venetian artists.
Though linearity and colour was a domineering factor throughout art history, the debate and discussion about it became more relevant only in the sixteenth century, especially among the painters of the Renaissance period. But throughout human history, the dominant governing factor of art remained the line.
From time immemorial when cave man began to express his artistic talent by giving shape to his imagination, it was line that controlled the expression. Even in later period, most of the development of art in the west and east was dominated by the linear presence. One of the important governing factors of Egyptian art has been line. Though the dominance of colour in art has come to stay, the linear expression has remained a governing factor in the development of art from pre-historic creations to modernist expressions and it is likely to stay that way. | FINEWEB-EDU |
User:ToddSweeney
Just thought I would add something to this very empty page. Anyone know of any badges I could also add? Please post any comments/suggestions on my talk page.
* Just how much does the consequences of our actions weigh? It is the weight of seemingly unimportant decisions that lie on the end of the perfectly balanced beam on the apex of our destiny. | WIKI |
Talk:Wonder Woman (2017 film)/Archive 1
The film logo (also, in new in this)
I never really created not modified a wiki page, but I'm quite excited for the next wonder woman/DC universe and I thought that it will be cool, now that it has been released, the logo for the film. Niko992 (talk) 18:49, 6 December 2015 (UTC)
* Do you have the logo for the film? It would be great if you uploaded it here. Kailash29792 (talk) 05:32, 7 December 2015 (UTC)
* I think he is referring to this logo which is for BvS, not this film.--TriiipleThreat (talk) 06:02, 7 December 2015 (UTC)
Category:World War I films?
What justifies putting this in Category:World War I films? -- Pemilligan (talk) 01:14, 17 May 2016 (UTC)
* The vast majority of the film takes place during WWI. Lady of Shalott 14:54, 4 June 2017 (UTC)
Please add
This image featuring Gal Gadot as Wonder Woman (in the foreground), Connie Nielsen as Queen Hippolyta, Robin Wright (on the far right) as General Antiope, and Lisa Loven Kongsli (on the far left) as Menalippe. --Atvica (talk) 01:47, 30 June 2016 (UTC)
United States Air Force?
Hi there. There was no such thing as the independent "United States Air Force" until 1947, well after both World War I and World War II were over. This movie is set during WWI, and during that time, the aviation branch of the U.S. Army was known as the "U.S. Army Air Service." Thanks. 2601:CB:8080:6EF:98CC:1874:596D:7AAA (talk) 23:37, 20 March 2017 (UTC)
Wonder Woman & Ares siblings
In the characters descriptions, shouldn't it be mentioned that Wonder Woman & Ares are half-sister/half-brother to each other? DCTrinity (talk) 1:13, 19 May 2017 (UTC)
The Hollywood Reporter reveal's Wonder Woman's actual budget
Wonder Woman budget revealed to be $150 million: http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/complex-gender-politics-wonder-woman-movie-1008259. Hope we can add this into the page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 14:23, 31 May 2017 (UTC)
Semi-protected edit request on 31 May 2017
CHANGE CHARACTER DESCRIPTION FOR DAVID THEWLIS FROM ARES TO SIR PATRICK MORGAN. The film hasn't yet been released and this has spoiled the movie already! Sunetro (talk) 18:13, 31 May 2017 (UTC)
* We do not avoid spoilers in our articles. --Izno (talk) 18:22, 31 May 2017 (UTC)
Wonder Woman censorship in Lebanon controversy
Would that be possible to include the issue of banning Wonder Woman from showing in Lebanon in the article as it featured an headlines due to the leading actress, Gal Gadot as a Israeli had something to do with political turmoil between Lebanon and Israel? Saiph121 (talk) 01:40, 1 June 2017 (UTC)
* I don't know. That seemed like a dubious reason -- Natalie Portman's films are not banned there. It seems like WP:SPECULATION (sourced or not)) that it was only (or perhaps mostly) a result of the lead actress's nationality. Best wait for more clarification. Hijiri 88 ( 聖やや ) 01:11, 3 June 2017 (UTC)
* http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/wonder-woman-gal-gadot-on-israel-gaza-israeli-actresss-pro-idf-stance-causes-controversy-9643412.html Probably because Natalie Portman wasn't (redacted), but regardless the states banning the film have not explicitly pointed to her extreme political positions as reasons for banning the film, it is indeed speculation at this point. Revrant (talk) 04:02, 7 June 2017 (UTC)
* "her extreme political positions" how is anything that she has said "extreme"?--Bellerophon5685 (talk) 02:17, 11 June 2017 (UTC)
* This page is for discussing improvements to the article, not for general discussion of the article's topic (or, in this case, a tangential aspect of a fragment of the topic). - Sum mer PhD v2.0 02:24, 11 June 2017 (UTC)
* I have redacted your controversial claim about a living person which goes well beyond the actual statement in the source you have provided. If you feel the statement is somehow necessary for this discussion (hint: it isn't), please discuss the issue at the Biographies of living persons/Noticeboard first. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 21:38, 7 June 2017 (UTC)
Wonder Woman breaks records in the Philippines
Wonder Woman has broken the Philippines' 2017 box office record for highest earning non-holiday opening day, according to Francis Soliven, general manager of Warner Bros Philippines. It earned P48.39 million on its first day in cinemas, June 1. It beat the previous record holder, Bill Condon's Beauty and the Beast, which starred Emma Watson and Dan Stevens. Beauty and the Beast earned P47 million on its opening day in the Philippines.
Source jmarkfrancia (talk) 15:00, 2 June 2017 (UTC)
"with many critics calling it the best DCEU film"
This feels like an understatement; "with many critics calling it the first good DCEU film" would be more accurate. The two cited sources do support the current description more literally, but they point out that this film has received overwhelmingly positive reviews, while the previous two were largely negative. If a source shows up that explicitly states what the Independent and the Hollywood Reporter both heavily imply, that should probably be subbed in in their place. Hijiri 88 ( 聖やや ) 01:05, 3 June 2017 (UTC)
That's unnecessary additional information. "The best DCEU film" is sufficient. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:54, 5 July 2017 (UTC)
Semi-protected edit request on 3 June 2017
Please change David Thewlis' role from Ares to Sir Patrick.
Maybe something like this: David Thewlis as Sir Patrick: Sir Patrick Morgan, a speaker for peace on the Imperial War Cabinet who allies himself with Diana and Steve. He is later revealed to be the treacherous son of Zeus and half-brother of Diana, based on the Greek mythological god of War.
The wikipedia article stating David Thewlis' role affects what is seen on google. This will spoil the movie for many people who google the Wonder Woman cast: http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2017/06/02/searching_wonder_woman_on_google_spoils_david_thewlis_character_in_the_new.html
Please consider other moviegoers, what if your favorite twist from your favorite film was spoiled before you even watched it for the first time?
I saw the previous request was denied, and I completely understand that you don't avoid spoilers in wiki articles, but this doesn't just affect wiki, it affects anyone who wants to Google the Wonder Woman cast before they see the movie. Plus, by saying he is Ares in the description doesn't remove the spoiler anyway, it just makes it safer for those who want to Google the cast. It's not just affecting the wiki page and my suggestion doesn't even remove the spoiler, it just hides it better, so please consider the change.
DiacetylmorphineHydrochloride (talk) 02:12, 3 June 2017 (UTC)
* Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: Wikipedia does not remove spoilers, regardless of what effects it has on Google. – Train2104 (t • c) 17:32, 6 June 2017 (UTC)
Semi-protected edit request on 3 June 2017
Please change David Thewlis' role from Ares to Sir Patrick.
Maybe something like this: David Thewlis as Sir Patrick: Sir Patrick Morgan, a speaker for peace on the Imperial War Cabinet who allies himself with Diana and Steve. He is later revealed to be the treacherous son of Zeus and half-brother of Diana, based on the Greek mythological god of War.
The wikipedia article stating David Thewlis' role affects what is seen on google. This will spoil the movie for many people who google the Wonder Woman cast: http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2017/06/02/searching_wonder_woman_on_google_spoils_david_thewlis_character_in_the_new.html
Please consider other moviegoers, what if your favorite twist from your favorite film was spoiled before you even watched it for the first time? DiacetylmorphineHydrochloride (talk) 02:15, 3 June 2017 (UTC)
* ❌ Wikipedia contains spoilers. Ironically, you spoiled the movie for me with the above. Anyway, people shouldn't be Googling the cast of the film if they don't want to know the cast of the film. Hijiri 88 ( 聖やや ) 07:32, 3 June 2017 (UTC)
"Anyway, people shouldn't be Googling the cast of the film if they don't want to know the cast of the film." Wait, what?? People can't google the cast if they want to know the names of the actors without getting spoilers? Looking up the cast doesn't necessarily mean you want to spoil character revelations, you just want to know the name of the actor that you've recognized before. That's the most ridiculous reason I've ever heard. — Preceding unsigned comment added by DiacetylmorphineHydrochloride (talk • contribs) 03:30, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
* By a long-standing, clear consensus, Wikipedia contains spoilers.
* If you disagree with WP:SPOILER, you won't be able to overturn it here. I'd suggest the Village Pump. Expect a long, difficult struggle. Avoiding spoilers would mean we could not function as an encyclopedia and discuss the plot of any movie that is a sequel to another film (spoiling the first film's plot), the central point Citizen Kane, any of the main action of Romeo and Juliet, the central tenants of Christianity (lest we spoil the plots of the gospels), the fate of the Apollo 13 mission (the plot of Apollo 13), etc. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia. We discuss all of those things. Removing those topics would change what Wikipedia is. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 03:50, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
Semi-protected edit request on 3 June 2017
Under "Cast", Information about David Thewlis' character is in the middle of Connie Nielsen's information, rather than on its own line. Put David Thewlis' information on his own line. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:30, 3 June 2017 (UTC)
* Pictogram voting wait.svg Already done – Train2104 (t • c) 17:33, 6 June 2017 (UTC)
Plot
Where does "wealthy entrepreneur" come from? I got the impression she worked/had an office at the Louvre. Gråbergs Gråa Sång (talk) 18:52, 3 June 2017 (UTC)
* The sentence is correct now - it begins:
* In present-day Paris, Diana Prince, curator for the Louvre's Department of Antiquities, -Classicfilms (talk) 18:27, 8 June 2017 (UTC)
Edit-warring by a redlink editor
I have invited User:JetChained to discussion here to discuss his edit-warring to re-insert his WP:SYNTH analysis, written in a magazine-y WP:TONE with WP:POV and WP:PUFFERY. Two editors so far have been reverting this inappropriate edits.--Tenebrae (talk) 17:42, 4 June 2017 (UTC)
* User:JetChained has continued to add his contentious SYNTH essaying. He's at five reverts, I believe. reporting to 3RR. --Tenebrae (talk) 17:42, 4 June 2017 (UTC)
Semi-protected edit request on 12 June 2017
Under the Release section, in the controversies section, The line "Some boys and men were unhappy with the "women-only" screenings held at Alamo Drafthouse Cinema in Austin" seems a bit political/sexist. It should probably be reworded to something like in the CNN article (reference 129) "some male moviegoers aren't happy about some scheduled women-only screenings of the film" <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 00:40, 12 June 2017 (UTC)
* Actually, our version is rather tame compared to the New York Times version, which is from after two of the screenings took place (and more were scheduled), rather than CNN's report from earlier on with one scheduled and the film not out yet. If anything, our "unhappy" is too soft.
* The New York Times version reads, "New of the women-only limitation set off a storm of virtual tantrums among some boys and men." The Washington Post article (also early on) has the men "flipped out" and the theater responding to "the wrath of trolls". From where I'm sitting, it seems irrelevant whether those complaining are "moviegoers" or not (which we really don't know) and entirely on-point that those flipping out turned out to be, as sourced, "boys and men". - Sum mer PhD v2.0 01:33, 12 June 2017 (UTC)
* The fact that it's described as "virtual tantrums" and "the wrath of trolls" show that those sources shouldn't be used, including the condescending quote "boys and men". It's best to remove the "boys and men" part and replace it with some: "Some were unhappy with..." because the objection wasn't limited to men obviously. Here's some sources that say is wasn't just boys and men, including one that quoted a female objection - https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/may/27/women-only-screenings-wonder-woman http://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/wonder-woman-womenonly-screening-slammed-as-sexist-and-wrong-a3549541.html http://www.cnbc.com/2017/05/26/women-only-showings-of-wonder-woman-at-alamo-drafthouse-cause-uproar.html <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:38, 12 June 2017 (UTC)
* You seem to be saying a few confusing things that don't ring true to me. The sources you are complaining about are The Washington Post and the New York Times. If you have problems with the reliability of either one for the simple fact tha the people complaining were boys and men, I can't really help you. Please take that question to the Reliable Sources Noticeboard.
* As for the language you feel means we should exclude those sources, the three sources you just cited use "outcry", "grumbled", "slammed", "a fierce debate", "mocked" and "uproar". Those boys and men seem to be a bit more than "unhappy".
* I am unsure how it is "condescending" to refer to boys and men as "boys and men".
* You seem to be taking this one step further by saying simply "Some were unhappy..." To bolster this, you point to three sources, all of them prior to the film coming out and the spread of the women-only screanings. Two of them are vague and yes, one of them does quote one woman. One of your sources, however, directly states it was men. The three sources currently cited attach the complaints to boys and men. Other than the one quoted woman, all of the complaints specifically quoted are apparently from men. Contrary to your statement that "say is wasn't just boys and men", none of them say anything of the kind, other than one lone source quoting one lone woman. Three sources gathered with no particular agenda say it was men and boys. Of three sources you found to try to remove the distinctly male-heavy source of the grumbling/slamming/uproar/fierce debate, one says it was men, one is completely silent (other than quoting only men) and the third is silent (other than quoting one woman with the men). If, to you, that sounds like the complaints were anywhere near 50-50, you'll need to explain. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 01:03, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* Something along the lines of "Objections to these screenings were raised - mostly from men" might work. I have to confess, I'm not sure what the exact objection is to including "men" though...the statement is verifiably true in its present incarnation.
* Now it is true that (as reported by comicbooks.com) Patty Jenkins mentioned having mixed feelings about the women-only screenings - and she's a woman - but I think that the article is referring to the Alamo Drafthouse screenings specifically at the time that the screenings happened, near in time to when the movie opened or before it opened on June 1st.
* The ComicBooks.Com article says "However, there was also a lot of outrage over the screenings. As you can guess, the criticism came from men -- for the most part -- who believe the screenings discriminated against male customers and male employees of the theater chain."
* The BBC said (on May 26)"Now unimpressed men are lambasting the idea on Facebook, claiming they are being discriminated against. "Great, let us know when you have guys-only screenings of Thor, Spider-Man, Star Wars, etc. Let's see you walk the walk now that you set this precedence [sic]," one man wrote.
* And as the BBC said Alama Drafthouse's Facebook page has thousands of posts about the screenings.
* Also, when I looked over the various sources (and I might have missed this but) I didn't see any references to "boys" just to men. Do any of the cited sources already in the article specifically mention "boys"?
* Shearonink (talk) 03:40, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* "Boys" is from the New York Times. The articles are referring to Facebook postings. Most Facebook profiles have a gender selected. Many people do not make their birth year/age available. In most cases, then, the Times would be able to tell if the person posting in male, but not their age. I see someone has now removed "boys" saying it is "judgemental". (Perhaps we should discuss the need to bowlderize A Boy Named Charlie Brown. Granted, it's a bit old. Back from when epithets like "boy" were thrown around in casual conversation...) - Sum mer PhD v2.0 12:40, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* Even reliable sources can be too biased on a particular story to quote from. As for my sources, none of them say it was just men, the left-wing Guardian came closes when it said it was "mostly men" while the other two don't state the obviously false statement that it was just men, which is what I'm arguing for and why I used those sources. Changing it to "Some were unhappy/angry/furious" follows reliable sources and it is NPOV. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 09:33, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* "Boys and men" is "biased"? Ah yes, who can forget the furious outcry when Joe Blow addressed an audience of persons attending a school of designated grades K-5 as "boys and girls"? Remember back when folks had no problem with the name "Boy Scouts". And who can forget when Boyz II Men modernized their name to "People II People"? In any case, where is the outcry about this horrible movie title? Shouldn't she be "Wonder Person", last seen in a film with "Batperson" (not accompanied by "Robin the person wonder" this time)?
* There is zero doubt that the overwhelming majority of the "some" complaining were male. If you are prepared to say CNN, The Washington Post and New York Times are pushing some kind of agenda and falsely reporting this, there is absolutely no point in trying to have a rational discussion. Yes, a good many of the trolls were boys, that well-known, common word for male children that suddenly became "biased" and "judgemental" somehow. I guess boys will be boys, except when you don't like the idea that some of the virtual tantrums are from children. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 12:40, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* No word is inherently biased or makes an article invalid, it depends on the context and the context of "boys and men" is condescension, along with "virtual tantrums" and "the wrath of trolls". There are a multitude of sources reporting this and you seem to be obsessed with the sources that wrongly say it was only men. Why not use the sources that display no POV and are accurate? <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 13:58, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* Now it is condescension to call boys and men "boys and men". Wow.
* The New York Times is a reliable source. It is accurate. If you disagree, please take the issue to the Reliable Sources Noticeboard.
* Incidentally, your repeated claim the "the wrath of trolls" means a source is "inherently biased" makes it clear you did not read the source. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 15:12, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* If we must mention the gender of the people complaining (but for some reason not anything else like age, race or nationality) then how about "Many men and some women were unhappy..." <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 14:03, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* The reason we don't mention the age (other than "boys and men"), race or nationality is that the sources do not mention age (other than "boys and men"), race or nationality. The virtual tantrum is over gender. That it is boys and men (i.e., not girls and women) is clearly relevant. How do we know? 3 out of three sources selected without screening for comments about gender discuss it. Additionally, someone specifically trying to discredit the issue cited three sources, one of which directly supports it (with one isolated woman in one source suddenly becoming "some women"). We do not have sources saying "some women". If you would like, we could accurately say, "boys, men and one woman". Otherwise, the reliable sources: CNN, The Washington Post, New York Times, BBC all support "boys and men" having their boxers in a bunch over this. We do not have sources that contradict this. We do not have sources for "some women". We do not have sources saying it was "many" men. Saying merely "some" is a WEASELly approach to leaving out facts that you may not like. The reliable sources say some boys and men "flipped out", "outcry", "grumbled", "slammed", "a fierce debate", "mocked" and "uproar" over a movie screening. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 15:12, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* Most of the sources don't say it was just men too, only a minority of sources say it was just men and you've chosen those sources over the others, including a NYT opinion piece over a NYT news piece that doesn't say it was only men - https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/28/movies/women-only-screenings-of-wonder-woman-sell-out-and-prompt-complaints.html
* That's not how sourcing works, we don't need a source specifically saying "many men" or "some women" to put it in the article, otherwise everything we write would be in quote marks. It's evidently true that many men and some women objected, and most of the sources reflect that, both by not saying it was only men and by quoting women. You can also say "A number of men and some women" if you want. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:28, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* I'll also say that I think you need to step back from this topic, you don't seem to be able to edit this with a neutral POV: "virtual tantrum", "boxers in a bunch", "the trolls", "the virtual tantrums are from children". <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:38, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* Until someone went looking for sources to dispute specifying men, ALL of the sources said men and boys. They found three, one of which still specified men. If I start looking for sources that don't specify Gadot was in the movie, would be suddenly doubt that? No, because it is relevant information that is discussed in independent reliable sources, just like the boys and men who were so upset about this.
* The article in the New York Times that you previously said was "biased" you've now decided is an "opinion piece". It isn't.
* As for "how sourcing works", I am well aware, anonymous IP, how sourcing works. I've been editing for over a decade with over 100,000 edits. We have reliable sources that say it was boys and men who "flipped out", "outcry", "grumbled", "slammed", got into "a fierce debate", "mocked" and were in an "uproar" over a movie screening.
* Here's how sourcing does not work: Someone dislikes a piece of information and start throwing as many claims at it as they can: You decided the source must be "biased" because it calls a tantrum a "tantrum". You decided it must be "political/sexist" because it calls boys and men "boys and men". You didn't read the source and decided it "shouldn't be used" because of the phrase "virtual tantrum" (though your sources were fine with "outcry", "grumbled", "slammed", "a fierce debate", "mocked" and "uproar"). You decided calling boys and men "boys and men" is somehow "condescending"/"condescension" (or somehow "judgmental language"). You decided that something which was clearly overwhelmingly boys and men should be described with the vague, WEASELly "some", ostensibly because one source you found mentions one woman. Then you state that none of the sources say it was "just men"/"wrongly say it was only men" when we specified "boys and men" (without saying it was "just" them) the same way the sources do. Next you said we shouldn't mention gender (though the sources do, in this gender-based issue) because we don't mention age, race or nationality (which none of the sources have discussed). Now, it's a "minority of sources" (all three of the original sources, 1 of the three you sought out and all three of those submitted by Shearonink)... to clarify, 78% is not a "minority". One source quotes one woman, so maybe, you decided, it should specify "some women"? What seems evident here is that you want to remove a fact and will keep generating possible reasons until one of them sticks.
* Let's take your ideas so far one at a time. Here are three clarifications I'd like to hear: How is calling boys and men "boys and men" "condescension"? Other than saying something you don't like, how is one article in the New York Times Movies section a "biased" unreliable "opinion piece" while another article in the same paper, same section (but, once again, before the film was released) one that we should have chosen, other than you selecting it because it omits the fact in question? How is 7 out of 9 a "minority"? - Sum mer PhD v2.0 18:23, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* You say "ALL" the sources, when it was just 3 (the NYT one is actually an opinion piece, and WP was clearly POV based on the language used), I found 3, none of which said it was just men (I don't know why you keep saying 1 of mine said it was just men), in about 10 seconds, and I can find a dozen more. Again, you seem to think that because a minority of (POV/opinion) sources say just men (wrongly, because other sources show women) that we should too.
* Of course I'm fine with those words, those words aren't condescending while "virtual tantrum" clearly is, it's what young children do. As for "boys and men", other editors have pointed out it violates NPOV. If you want my opinion I'd say it does so because it's designed to put the critics in the same category as "boys", to emasculate and to imply that those criticising it are immature/juvenile, also putting "boys" before "men" in the sentence. Given your POV on the subject, I suspect you know all this and it's your motivation for wanting it to be in here. NYT itself classifies your article as an opinion piece and mine as a news article.
* We're going around in circles here. The point is some sources specify the gender of the responses and some don't, so we can decide either way. If we decide to mention the gender of the responses, we can't say its just men, because that's untrue and most sources don't say that, and we can't use the condescending language of "boys and men" and "virtual tantrums" from opinion pieces.
* Shall we try and agree on some options? "Some people", "Some Facebook users", "A number of men and some women", "Many men and some women", "Some men and a few women".
* Or we can reword the sentence to allow these options: "men and some women", "There was controversy", "Alamo was criticised when they", "Alamo sparked controversy", etc. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:12, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* "You say 'ALL' the sources, when it was just 3..." No, I did not. Your claim is simply false. I said, "Until someone went looking for sources to dispute specifying men, ALL of the sources said men and boys.
* Again, the New York Times article is not an opinion piece. This claim is simply false. You claim the NYT categorizes it as "opinion". It does not. Other than links to other sections at the bottom, the words "opinion" and "editorial" are nowhere to be found. As the heading at the top of the page and the URL both indicate, this is in the "Movies" section, the same section as the earlier story you linked to.
* "(I don't know why you keep saying 1 of mine said it was just men)". I never said that. Your claim is simply false. I said that one of your sources says men. "...much of it from men..."
* Now saying men is POV (previously it was condescending). No, saying they were right or wrong is a point of view. Saying they were boys and men is a factual claim, backed by the reliable sources cited.
* You repeatedly claim that I have said things that I simply have not said, then attack the straw man you've built.
* There is no "neutral point of view". Either they were boys and men or they were not boys and men. The reliable sources that say anything about it confirm that they were boys and men (and one woman). If another source said it was "girls and women", we would still not have a question of POV. Either "boys and men" is right, "girls and women" is right or both are wrong, "alternative facts" notwithstanding.
* "...other editors have pointed out it (boys and men) violates NPOV..." One other editor (not "other editors") pointed to WP:NPOV saying, "Prefer nonjudgmental language". I am still waiting for some indication of how "boys and men" is "judgemental", especially give that editor's change to "men". Somehow, calling boys "boys" is judgemental, but calling them "men" is neutral. "man/ noun...1. an adult human male." I'm guessing they think of boys as being adults?
* Calling boys "boys" does not "emasculate". Emasculation involves denying or stripping "maleness". Quite the opposite, "boys" explicitly states they are male. Your argument makes no sense.
* The phrase "boys and men" is not in any way "condescending". Condescension is invoking superiority. I haven't a clue why you would believe that others are superior to boys and men.
* Multiple reliable sources say "men" or "boys and men". One mentions one woman. Zero sources say "some women", "girls and women", "some men and a few women" or any other construction you've created to somehow twist "boys and men", "men -- for the most part", "unimpressed men", "much of it from men", "virtual tantrums among boys and men", "Men flip out", "male moviegoers", "some men", etc. into some kind of 50/50 (hell, even 90/10) mix of genders. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 22:12, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* Yes, ALL the sources when at the time it was just 3, 1 of which was an opinion (Google the topic, it's categorised as opinion) and the other was hopelessly biased. Yes, "much of it from men", meaning some were women, not just men as you keep claiming all the sources say. Whether something is factual doesn't change whether it's biased, by saying "boys" the author is engaging in the things I said, quite deliberately too - the author doesn't know the ages of the people commenting on Facebook.
* Multiple reliable sources either don't comment on the gender or they acknowledge that it was not only men. Very few sources state it was only men doing the commenting. Those are the three categories of sources and the three options for our description, personally I think the first is better, given it avoids the numerical debate of men/women. If you want gender to feature and are concerned about the split how about "Many men and a few women"? Or come up with something else, because stating a falsehood - that it was only men - isn't going to work. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:35, 13 June 2017 (UTC)
* So, your point about me saying "all of the sources when it was just three" is that when there were just three sources, I said that all of them agreed? Um, yeah. Is there a reason I should not have? It was all of the sources in the article. ALL of them.
* You said the New York Times article we have cited is an opinion piece according to the paper itself ("NYT itself classifies your article as an opinion piece and mine as a news article.") This is categorically false. Now you have decided that Google thinks it is an opinion piece. I am completely unaware of any instance where we have accepted Google's algorithm's sorting as a reliable indication of anything. The editors of the New York Times categorizes both articles identically, contrary to your claims. They are both reliable sources.
* You have repeatedly claimed that various sources are "biased". What, exactly, are they biased in favor of or against? Men? Boys? Boys and men who use the 'net? Are you thinking they are lying about the gender of those on the 'net who are so horribly upset by this movie screening? Why?
* Great, so there was an outcry and fierce debate, much of it from men?
* Yes, whether or not something is factual does impact whether it is biased. Bias involves a lack of fairness. Facts are reality. Bias is an action. The fact that it was boys and men is not unfair, nor is it fair. It simply is. Not stating that the tantrum was disproportionately boys and men (i.e., well over 50%) would be biased, implying that girls and women were also flipping out and in an uproar when they were not. It was mostly boys and men.
* Read this carefully: Your repeated claims that I "keep claiming all the sources say" it was "just men" are simply false. I never said that. I have repeatedly explained that. You keep claiming it any way. Do you not understand or are you being dishonest?
* By saying "boys and men" the author is indicating that the posts were from young males and adult males. That you think there is no way to tell whether a post is from an adult of a child neither prove that you are correct, nor that is is "biased"/"condescending"/etc. to refer to boys and men as "boys and men". You don't want it to have been men. Numerous reliable sources (CNN/The Washington Post/New York Times/BBC/The Guardian) say it was "boys and men", "men -- for the most part", "unimpressed men", "much of it from men", "virtual tantrums among boys and men", "Men flip out", "male moviegoers", "some men", etc. They found this to be true and relevant.
* ALL of the sources that mention gender at all (and that is most of them) say it was "boys and men", "men -- for the most part", "unimpressed men", "much of it from men", "virtual tantrums among boys and men", "Men flip out", "male moviegoers", "some men", etc. NONE of them say "boys, men, girls and women", "men -- for the most part and women too", "unimpressed men and women", "much of it from men and women too", "virtual tantrums among boys, men, girls and women", "Men and women flip out", "male and female moviegoers", "some men and women", etc. ONE source you found quotes ONE woman. 7 out of 9 is not "very few", especially when 3 of the 9 were selected by someone trying to disprove that it was boys and men.
* Multiple independent reliable sources directly state it was "boys and men", "men -- for the most part", "unimpressed men", "much of it from men", "virtual tantrums among boys and men", "Men flip out", "male moviegoers", "some men". Zero independent reliable sources say "and women".
* I do not "want gender to feature". I want to report the relevant, widely reported fact that the grumbling/flipping out/virtual tantrums/uproar/outcry was from "boys and men"/"men -- for the most part"/"unimpressed men"/"much of it from men"/"virtual tantrums among boys and men"/"Men flip out"/"male moviegoers"/etc. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 04:45, 14 June 2017 (UTC)
* The NYT gives every indication it is an opinion piece - "virtual tantrums", "prompted eye rolls" but who knows maybe it was a mistake by Google, what's clear is that it is horribly biased and along with the WP article shouldn't be used to argue a point. You keep trying to argue against changing this article to saying anything other than it was just men, claiming the sources support that. We should just stop the boys and men debate, it's not going back in anyway. Again, we don't need a source that specifically says "some women" to put "some women" in, we just need to know from the sources that it wasn't only men. Given only the hopelessly biased sources say it was just men, we can do that. I repeat, at the moment our article says it was just men, even though it wasn't, in contradiction to most of the sources.
* Also I think we should drop the whole gender thing, sources that don't specify gender: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/28/movies/women-only-screenings-of-wonder-woman-sell-out-and-prompt-complaints.html ("various online corners"); http://www.nme.com/news/drafthouse-women-wonder-woman-screening-2079006 ("met with a measure of both support and complaints"); http://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/wonder-woman-womenonly-screening-slammed-as-sexist-and-wrong-a3549541.html ("news of the event didn’t sit well with some"); http://www.cnbc.com/2017/05/26/women-only-showings-of-wonder-woman-at-alamo-drafthouse-cause-uproar.html ("Some folks"); http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/theater-responds-backlash-women-screenings-woman/story?id=47661569 ("Some moviegoers").
* I really don't want to do an RfC to solve such an irrelevant debate, it would be embarrassing. Is there any chance of you dropping your insistence that we should say it's just men? <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 10:36, 14 June 2017 (UTC)
* I have repeatedly pointed out that I NEVER said "just men. You have repeated the claim too often for it to be mere incompetence. If there is another explanation other than it being a flat out lie, I can't think of it.
* The New York Times is a reliable source, despite your claims. The New York Times never categorized the article as opinion, despite your repeated claims. Google's algorithm is not a reliable source for anything, despite your repeated claims. I have repeatedly asked you to drop these absurd claims or take the question to the reliable sources noticeboard. You refuse to do either.
* You have repeatedly pointed to "virtual tantrum" as proof of bias, as you did the bit about "trolls". You gave up on the "trolls" claim when I pointed out you clearly had not read the source. If "virtual tantrum" is clearly bias (somehow...), so are "flipped out", "outcry", "grumbled", "slammed", "a fierce debate", "mocked" and "uproar", meaning The Washington Post, New York Times, CNN, BBC and others are all suddenly "biased". What are all of these archetypes of reliable sources suddenly "biased" against? You refuse to say.
* Of course you think we should "drop the whole gender thing", that's the only reason you're here. Your repeated false claims, changes to claims and refusal to answer for same are all directed at denying an incontrovertible fact. You want to eliminate if possible or at least downplay that the tantrums/flipping out/outcries/grumbling/fierce debate/uproar was men upset about a movie screening. Multiple independent reliable sources confirm this as a simple fact. Your twisting confirm you want to deny it. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 13:25, 14 June 2017 (UTC)
* You oppose any attempt to change the article so that it no longer claims it's just men, despite around a dozen suggested alternatives from me. What else am I supposed to conclude? I never said NYT is not a reliable source, I said that particular article is biased and shouldn't be used, I've provided a NPOV one from the NYT. Your claim that "virtual tantrum" is not biased leads me to think that you're being deliberately obtuse. And no, none of those other descriptions are biased, different words mean different things. I think we should follow the many " independent reliable sources" that don't specific gender, but alternatively we could specify gender with one of the many options I've suggested, or even others if you want to make a suggestion. What we can't do is tell a falsehood that it was just men. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:45, 14 June 2017 (UTC)
* The article does not say it is "just men". I have not said it is "just men". The article discusses the boys and men throwing tantrums/in an uproar/etc. Try this: "Today I had a sandwich for lunch." Does that say that I am the only person who had a sandwich for lunch today? No. If I discuss the women who have flown on the Space Shuttle, I am not saying there haven't been men. The multiple independent reliable sources discussing the boys and men who were so terribly upset about a movie screening DO. NOT. SAY. "JUST". MEN. Neither does our article. NONE of the sources spell out that there were an apparently small number of girls and women. That you feel the need to say something the sources do not say does not mean you can.
* You have repeatedly attempted to paint the New York Times as "biased". You have tried various strategies to say the article is an opinion piece. It is not. You repeatedly falsely claimed the New York Times classifies it as an opinion piece. It does not and you have provided ABSOLUTELY NOTHING to support this repeated claim. You still haven't explained what you think the New York Times has a bias against: Boys and men? Movie goers? Social media?
* I oppose your attempt to either deny the simple fact stated by numerous independent reliable sources or water the fact down by saying something the sources do not directly state. That's policy.
* "Virtual tantrum" is roughly equivalent to "flipped out", "outcry", "grumbled", "slammed", "a fierce debate", "mocked" and "uproar", except that it spells out that it was "virtual" (online). It's an online outburst of anger and frustration. You don't like the word "tantrum". No one suggested putting it in the article. It doesn't mean the New York Times is in some vague, unspecified way "biased". The New York Times article you are so angry and frustrated about is far from the only source for the material discussing the online outbursts of anger and frustration by men.
* Of course you think we should exclude the material fact. Denying that what differentiated the outbursts was that it was men. Maybe someone else thinks we should follow the many independent reliable sources that don't specify DC Comics, World War I or Gal Godot. Should we deny those relevant facts as well?
* Multiple independent reliable sources discuss online outbursts of anger and frustration by men. This is a relevant fact. Multiple independent reliable sources do NOT discuss online outbursts of anger and frustration by women. The New York Times, The Washington Post, CNN, BBC, etc. are independent reliable sources. They are not "biased" against boys and men, moviegoers or social media.
* If you sell a product (car tires, cheeseburgers, tickets to a movie screening, whatever) you will get complaints. You expect it. If you suddenly get a lot of online outbursts of anger and frustration beyond what you usually expect, you're going to focus on that sudden burst of tantrums. Are they SUV drivers upset that we don't have the tire in their size when we said "in all sizes"? Was it Muslims and Jews upset that we didn't make it clear our burgers include pork? Was it boys and men upset about our movie screening? Did other people complain about your tires, burger, screening? Sure, but those few complaints aren't noteworthy. "Religious Groups Upset by Burgers" is a newspaper story. "John Smith of Sheboygan Upset by Burgers" is not. Guess which one goes in Wikipedia. Independent reliable sources would say "Muslims and Jews", not "Muslims, Jews and some people of other religions". - Sum mer PhD v2.0 21:48, 14 June 2017 (UTC)
* Saying "some men" alone implies there wasn't women, because otherwise we would include them in the sentence, either by saying "and a few women" or by not specifying gender at all. Just saying "some men" alone is limiting it to men, which almost none of the sources do. I've never said the NYT is biased, in fact I linked a non-biased article from them. I said a specific NYT article is biased, which I don't see how could be contested if you read it. It makes no attempt to be NPOV, adopting a stance on the controversy from the outset. "tantrum" is not equivalent of all those things, a tantrum is what little kids do, the other words simply describe anger. Multiple independent reliable sources either don't specify a gender, don't say it's just men, or they mention female critics (a Facebook user and the director). You've got 3? sources that say it's just men, with the NYT and WP ones hopelessly biased while I found 5 that don't specify gender in about 2 minutes and there are a dozen more sources that don't say it's only men. What's newsworthy is that there were critics of this screening, not that there were male critics of this screening, as reflected in the vast majority of sources. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:44, 14 June 2017 (UTC)
* Who or what are The Washington Post and the New York Times (and, apparently, CNN, BBC and The Guardian) "biased" against or for? You still haven't answered this vital question. (This goes along with calling boys and men "boys and men" being "condescending", I suppose.)
* Yes, I can find sources that do not state the film takes place during WWI. Is this "bias"? Should we remove all mention of WWI?
* Multiple independent reliable sources say that:
* "boys and men", "men -- for the most part", "unimpressed men", "much of it from men", "virtual tantrums among boys and men", "Men flip out", "male moviegoers", "some men"
* threw a "virtual tantrum", "flipped out", "outcry", "grumbled", "slammed", "a fierce debate", "mocked" and "uproar"
* about a movie screening.
* Your denial does not change this simple, verifiable, well-sourced fact.
* ZERO independent reliable sources say anything about women (plural) flipping out, throwing tantrums, grumbling, etc. No matter how angry and frustrated it makes you, anything you say about women slamming the theater, in an uproar, fiercely debating it, etc. is original research and goes directly against one of Wikipedia's core policies. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 00:40, 15 June 2017 (UTC)
* I said a specific article from the NYT and WP were biased and I've said several times why that is. I didn't say that the sources only stating it was men were biased, I said the vast majority of sources don't do that and some of the few that do are biased. Yes, some sources do state those things, some don't and some acknowledge female critics. We can't pick and choose which POV we prefer, we need to follow the sources and the vast majority of sources don't limit the criticism as coming from men. So we can incorporate those sources saying men slammed the theatre, and those sources that don't say it was just men. We don't have to choose between them. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 11:48, 15 June 2017 (UTC)
* Still no explanation of who or what the New York Times and The Washington Post are "biased" against or for. (Simple explanation: They aren't.)
* You are right about one thing: We cannot pick and choose which POV we prefer. Multiple independent reliable sources report that boys and men threw tantrums, were in an uproar and fiercely debated a movie screening. One source mentions one woman. The first is significant, the second is not. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 12:47, 15 June 2017 (UTC)
* Just look at the start of the NYT piece: "set off a storm of virtual tantrums among some boys and men. Never mind that “Wonder Woman” could be seen at about 4,160 other theaters nationwide." I can't put the entire article in quote marks here, but it was completely one-sided throughout. Can you identify anywhere in the article where it presented a balanced view? They included over a dozen people who were pro-women-only screening and only one against, and even for that person they included a response that told him to shush.
* But the sources that claim it was only men are in a small minority, you're saying that not only do we have to include what a small number of source claim, but we aren't allowed to deviate from it by also acknowledging that it was not only men, which is what the vast majority of sources do. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 18:39, 15 June 2017 (UTC)
And now this anon IP is claiming that The New York Times and The Washington Post are examples of fake, liberal media that don't represent real 'murcans. That's not a tenable argument. I mean, one could go argue with their Pulitzer Prizes, but unless it's like Disney's Beauty and the Beast, the Pulitzers won't argue back.--Tenebrae (talk) 23:49, 15 June 2017 (UTC)
* I've said no such thing, and in fact I included a NYT article as one of the many reliable sources that don't limit the criticism to men. I simply pointed out the obvious, that even reliable outlets like the NYT and WP sometimes produce articles that would violate NPOV for a particular story. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 00:24, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
* NPOV is for editors not secondary sources. It's not our job to police the POV of secondary sources. See WP:UNDUE. DonQuixote (talk) 00:35, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
* And, to repeat: ZERO independent reliable sources say ANYTHING about women throwing tantrums, in an uproar and fiercely debating a movie screening. Multiple independent reliable sources discuss boys and men throwing tantrums, in an uproar and fiercely debating a movie screening. All of them, apparently, are "biased" against boys and men, "condescendingly" referring to them as "boys and men". Or something like that. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 01:38, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
* So 2.102's objection seems to be to characterizing the controversy over objections as being "many men & boys"/'Many men"/"Men" or even possible "Some men" in that these descriptions seem "a bit political/sexist". Do the reliable sources characterize the controversy as such, as the objections being from some men or from men? The editorial consensus seems to be to retain something along the lines of the present wording "Some men were unhappy with the "women-only" screenings" or possibly "Some men raised objections to the 'women-only' screenings" or even "Objections were raised by men in many social media venues including Facebook and Twitter". Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, we amalgamate what is reported in reliable sources, write it up and hit Submit. We exercise discretion but we don't censor the reliable sources' information.
* Anyway, at this point I am pretty sure I am going to give up on this issue. Frankly I would prefer an RFC so editors could weigh in and, whatever the editorial consensus is, that particular consensus would then be clearly delineated and easily understood. Good luck, Shearonink (talk) 02:51, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
* I'm fine with mentioning that it was mostly men objecting (even if many sources don't mention gender), but at the moment we're saying it was only men, which is not what the vast majority of sources say. Right now we're following what a handful of articles said, some of which like an article from NYT and WP were biased (and no, for the 5th time, I'm not saying the NYT and WP are unreliable, I'm saying 1 article from them was biased). <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:07, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
* Again: What are you claiming they are biased for or against? I've asked repeatedly and you haven't answered. I'm beginning to think you don't know what the word means (especially given the confusing claim that calling boys and men "boys and men" is somehow "condescending").
* Again: No one here, none of the sources and the article do not say it was "only" or "just" men.
* Again: None of the sources discuss girls and women having tantrums/fiercely debating/etc. the movie screening. As a result, Wikipedia should not discuss girls and flipping out/in an uproar/etc.
* So, to clarify: You aren't saying the New York Times, The Washington Post, CNN, BBC, The Guardian, etc. are biased, it's just that they run biased articles as if they are objective. Thanks for clarifying. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 16:47, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
* This is going to be my last response to you because you seem to just play dumb. For the bias, I've already pointed out how that one NYT article is biased, including quoting from the article and noting the respondents the author chose. I've already explained how "boys and men" is condescending, and I'm not the only editor who's said so. As I've also said, multiple times, when this article says "Some men..." it is by implication saying only men, because it is doing just that, limiting it to men. We don't need to use the words "tantrum" or "flip out" to describe women, and I would argue we shouldn't to describe the men with that either. Just leave it at "objected". Now we can do what many sources do and not mention gender, just say "Some objected" or we can say "Some men and a few women" (or something similar), which acknowledges the sources that don't limit it to men and the sources that quote from women, like the Facebook user and the director. What we cannot do, either explicitly or through implication, is say that it was only men objecting, because that is what only a handful of sources do. I'm saying that there is a particular article from the NYT and WP that is one sided concerning this story (which I've said multiple times now). <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:52, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
* That being the case, we'll stick with what multiple independent reliable sources directly state, that:
* "boys and men"/"men"/"unimpressed men"/"men"/"boys and men"/"Men"/"male moviegoers"/"some men"
* threw "tantrums"/had an "outcry"/"grumbled"/"slammed"/had "a fierce debate" about/"mocked"/were in an "uproar" about
* a movie screening. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 22:34, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
Novelization is not a reliable source
A novelization is a work of fiction--it's a primary source. It cannot be used as a reliable source for another work of fiction, the movie. A novelization is not a secondary source. DonQuixote (talk) 23:27, 15 June 2017 (UTC)
* Hmmm. I'm not interested in getting into an edit war over this. The novelization is effectively the screenplay in novel form - one reason it is called a novelization and not the novel. I have read it and it is a replica of the film. As of now, I see nothing in Identifying reliable sources or Manual of Style/Film that states that a novelization is it not a reliable source. I have to sign off the Wikipedia today but I will check in tomorrow. If there is something somewhere in the style guide that makes a statement about novelizations, then there is a point. I will leave it out of the plot. However, there is no reason not to put it under the cast info.-Classicfilms (talk) 23:41, 15 June 2017 (UTC)
* WP:FILM is very clear that the plots of film here should reflect the manifest content of what is actually, physically onscreen. Other media, whether a novelization, the comic-book adaptation or even an edited reissue of the film is irrelevant. And the cast information is about the characters in the film, and not as they appear in the novelization, the comic-book adaptation, etc. --Tenebrae (talk) 23:44, 15 June 2017 (UTC)
* Also, you have to cite a source saying that it's "effectively the screenplay in novel form", otherwise you having read it and determining that it's the replica of the film is your opinion and falls into original research/synthesis. And what's in the novelization should go under it's own plot summary as it's a separate, but related, work of fiction. DonQuixote (talk) 23:50, 15 June 2017 (UTC)
* Oh please, do not do a separate plot summary of the novelization. I don't have strong feelings one way or another about whether the novelization should be cited in the movie description. However, to create a separate plot summary of the novelization would be ridiculous redundancy. Lady of Shalott 03:52, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
* Novelizations aren't usually notable enough for that. The point being that primary sources are only reliable sources for themselves.DonQuixote (talk) 03:57, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
* I concur with DonQuixote's assessment here. - Jack Sebastian (talk) 04:31, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
Hello Everyone, I appreciate all of the feedback and since consensus is against using the novelization, I will adhere to it and not re-insert the quotes. If you look at the edit history, I initially added two descriptions from the novelization (which is not a unique novel, but is instead an adaptation of a screenplay) because people were making guesses about Trevor (that his character is British) and Diana (that she is an entrepreneur). My goal was the same as yours - to make certain that the article is accurate.
I looked at some of the official Video Clips from Warner Bros. and found the one posted below (you can Google it under "Wonder Woman ['Lasso Of Truth' Movie Clip in HD (1080p)]"), in which Steve Trevor states: "My name is captain Steve Trevor, pilot, American Expeditionary Forces."
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Dmk0yRiMrc&feature=youtu.be
In defining Trevor, I cited the novelization for the following sentence, which was later removed:
* "Captain Steve Trevor:a pilot with the American Expeditionary Forces,"
I could not find clips from the Louvre sequences, so we will have to wait for the release of the DVD. However, the film clip above indicates that the quote from the novelization is accurate with regard to Trevor. That being said, however, I am again not going to press the issue and will end my responses to this thread here. -Classicfilms (talk) 07:15, 16 June 2017 (UTC)
Edit request
The films also contains Dutch,French and Spanish sentences beside English — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:12, 17 June 2017 (UTC)
First Female misreporting
I believe it would be useful to recognize the plethora of bad news reporting related to the film. For example:
Did 1984 Supergirl / 2004 Catwoman/ 2005 Elektra not qualify as blockbuster (entertainment) or something? What criteria do you need to meet to be called that? Is there a minimum amount of money? Supergirl was 14.3 million box office, Catwoman was 82.1 million, Elektra 56.7 million. The latter is concerning because Eisenberg of CinemaBlend is calling it a Blockbuster over 2 years before it came out, so he couldn't know how much money it would amass. Faughnder of LA Times at least says "could become" but this does still imply that S/C/E were NOT blockbusters.
Are Catwoman/Elektra not "super" or "heroic" enough? Presently both articles on Wikipedia describe them as superhero film so that wouldn't seem right.
Is 1984, much less 2004 or 2005, in a different "era" than 2017? I think people were spandex-obsessed in 1984 too, you could consider 80s/90s/00s/10s to be one collective spandex-obsessed era. Some of the sources on this do acknowledge Elektra (2005 film) and focus on the "first female-directed" aspect, which excludes this and 1984 Supergirl (film) / 2004 Catwoman (film).
Even this could be wrong though, as this source identifies Tank Girl (film) and Rachel Talalay:
You can see by checking the history that many sources initially misreported this and later corrected it.
This should cause concern to the reporters (and their editors who approved their articles) who initially made these claims without doing adequate research, and only corrected them after publishing.
For example do a "view source" on https://web.archive.org/web/20170606023631/https://variety.com/2017/film/news/gal-gadot-wonder-woman-female-empowerment-superhero-1202446146/ and you can see it says "First Lead Female Superhero". This is how the article shows up during google searches for the film. Variety Magazine can also be seen falsely advertising this on its official Twitter:
We see this more frequently with less noteworthy/reliable publications too: http://wstale.com/tv-movies/gal-gadot-playing-wonder-woman-first-lead-female-superhero/
This one especially bothers me: since I vividly remember the awesomeness that is Keri Russell in Wonder Woman (2009 film) and clearly any claims it was the first live-action depiction would be wrong due to Cathy Crosby in Wonder Woman (1974 film).
Has any media actually highlighted this wave of misreporting that has gone on? Variety at least, being notable, might have invited some criticism on its misleading Tweets and Google-seeding. ScratchMarshall (talk) 00:57, 7 July 2017 (UTC)
* Without reliable sources discussing this, we have nothing to say. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 01:37, 7 July 2017 (UTC)
* Agree with . I also think there are a few problems with the problems that Scratch is finding:
* Female-fronted means Wonder Woman is the first superhero blockbuster movie with a budget over $100 million that is directed by a woman. Patty Jenkins.
* And it looks like the 'Gal Gadot on playing first lead female superhero: "Growing up, I had Superman and Batman" Tweet means that Wonder Woman is Miss Gadot's first lead role in a feature movie. I could be wrong but that is what I interpreted the meaning to be.
* To me, comparing an animated direct-to-DVD product (the 2009 cartoon-film) to a live-action theatrical film is comparing apples to oranges. Likewise, the Cathy Crosby movie was a project that was shot as the pilot for a failed Wonder Woman series, it was not a feature film, it was a pilot converted into a film.
* Besides any of the above, issues with possible mischaracterizations of the 2017 Wonder Woman film, those mischaracterizations would have to be published elsewhere. Wikipedia is not the place for original research. Shearonink (talk) 02:56, 7 July 2017 (UTC)
* My imput:
* 1) Part of the reason that a live-action theatrical release of Wonder Woman took 20 years to make lies in the perceived failures of the two other DC female - lead films, Catwoman and Supergirl (Marvel's live-action theatrical release, Elektra also did not fare well). This is an old discussion that one could easily document over time, but I would rather not do it here. A Blockbuster usually refers to both critical acclaim and excessive financial gains, which did not happen with either film. So I don't see the need to revive this conversation or document it.
* 2) The discussion focuses on live-action theatrical releases - Keri Russell in Wonder Woman (2009 film) was (as another editor pointed out) an animated direct-to-DVD release and Cathy Crosby in Wonder Woman (1974 film) was a movie-of-the-week television film (in fact Crosby's film, which focused on a 70's version of the character without superpowers, failed to produce a series - the concept was redesigned with Lynda Carter to produce the Wonder Woman (TV series)).
* 3) The discussion thus lies not in television or animation, but in theatrical live-action releases, and there have been of course female-action hero leads in live-action films - the List of female action heroes and villains offers a useful overview of films that both starred and included female leads. Some obvious oversights for female action heroes in general (not necessarily financial successes or critically acclaimed films): Æon Flux (film), Charlie's Angeles, Kill Bill, Buffy the Vampire Slayer (film), Coffy, the Alien films, Foxy Brown, The Hunger Games, Lara Croft: Tomb Raider, and La Femme Nikita. In addition, there are martial arts films with female leads such as Lady Snowblood (film) or Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. The difference here lies perhaps in labels - these films are often clustered under the "action hero" genre in general. Wonder Woman both as a film and a character refers to a specific genre - comic book superheroes who traditionally possess some kind of "super-power." Superman is an alien, Spiderman was bitten by a radio-active spider, the Fantastic Four were exposed to radiation etc. One could make an argument about figures such as Batman and Ironman that don't quite fit this mold, but even their machines (ie costumes, cars, tools) were so powerful that they too were pushed in the realm of the supernatural. Whether she was made of clay or the daughter of Zeus, Wonder Woman is not a human female action hero - her story is a contemporary interpretation of Greek and Roman mythology that originated in comic books. Supergirl is in the same category, and Catwoman (based on the character from the Batman comic books) is closer to a female action hero than a mythological God, but is still originally from the comics.
* 4) The significance is therefor one of genre - Wonder Woman is the first live-action theatrical release that is centered on a female comic-book hero that is supernatural and mythological in origin, placing the film in the same category as Superman and Batman for DC and Spiderman, the X-Men (and related films), and the Avengers (and related films). We have had multiple films (and different actors in each reboot) that explored the Superman, Batman, Spiderman,and the Hulk comics. It took 20 years to make this film and to date is the first female comic-book superhero blockbuster success in the box office as well as a critical success. Marvel did have opportunities with characters from both the X-Men and the Avengers, but Wonder Woman is the first.
* 5) I think the article as it stands conveys these themes (my post is simply commentary, it would be original research if added to the article) and does not need to be changed. However, if an article turns up on this subject in a WP:RS, we could add it. 'Nuff said. -Classicfilms (talk) 14:12, 7 July 2017 (UTC)
* I added two WLs to the lead which clarify that this film is a superhero comic book live action theatrical release film. That should be enough.-Classicfilms (talk) 14:24, 7 July 2017 (UTC)
Ban in Lebanon
The article mentions the reason that Campaign to Boycott Supporters of Israel asked the Lebanese government to ban the movie but it is not mentioning the reason the government ban it.
* On May 31, Wonder Woman was banned in Lebanon after the Campaign to Boycott Supporters of Israel asked the Lebanese government's Ministry of Economy and Trade to block the film because its star, Gal Gadot, had served in the Israeli military.
In an official statement from May 30 the Ministry of Economy and Trade explained the reason of the ban is because "its lead actress, Gal GADOT, is Israeli." No mention for her service in Israeli military. So I think the current state may mislead the readers to think that Lebanese government ban the movie because Gadot's military service and not because her Israeli citizenship as the statement stated and as other sources says.(Variety, Reuters) I think the article should clarify that difference. Sokuya (talk) 01:43, 13 July 2017 (UTC
Highest-grossing film directed by a woman
The article mentions Wonder Woman passing Mamma Mia to become the highest-grossing female-directed film in history. However the previous record holder was the Wachowski Sisters' The Matrix Reloaded, which grossed $742.1 million back in 2003. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 02:22, 16 July 2017 (UTC)
* We have an unquestionably reliable source stating it became the highest-grossing female directed film. We do not have a reliable source using your interpretation. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 04:41, 16 July 2017 (UTC)c
* Box Office Mojo attests to TMR's box office here, as opposed to Mamma Mia's recorded here , and this Guardian article confirms that both the directors are indeed women — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk • contribs) 23:35, July 16, 2017 (UTC)
* You are combining one or more sources to establish something that no one source states directly. That is synthesis.
* By comparison, we have an independent reliable source directly stating that is the "highest-ever grossing film directed by a woman".
* The Wachowskis are women. They were not "a woman". This is highest grossing film ever that was directed by a woman. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 17:06, 30 July 2017 (UTC)
Semi-protected edit request on 1 August
In the "Elena Anaya as Isabel Maru / Doctor Poison" of the Cast contains a claim that is an accurate summary of the article cited, but is not a factual claim. In an interview Elena Anaya states that Fritz Haber created mustard gas, but this is not factually correct. Haber oversaw the work to weaponize mustard gas and deploy it in battle, but mustard gas was already synthesized and characterized by 1860 before Haber was born!
It would be better to put the incorrect claim in quotations to better attribute it to Elena Anaya, or summarize the quotation by referring to Fritz Haber as the father of chemical warfare, as he is often described, instead of the creator of mustard gas, which he was not. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 16:52, 1 August 2017 (UTC)
Home Media Release
WOW!!! A lot of discussions here. I hope that there is a person watching this page to see this bit of info that needs to be added. I came to this article to find out when the film is going to be released on Blu Ray and DVD, but it has not been added. I Googled it and the release date and info was just posted 2 days ago. I'd add the new section myself, but I don't really know how, especially to make the link appear in the "Contents." So here's the link to at least one site reporting on the home media release. To those that monitor or run this page, feel free to add it. I do not need any credit. :) http://mashable.com/2017/08/10/wonder-woman-blu-ray-dvd-digital-hd/#o0TKSlJ1saqG Its not that you need the link to post in a new section, you just need it for a source. I am not skilled at adding new sections to Wikipedia articles, let alone adding the new section with it's link ("Home Media") appearing in the Contents box. Aidensdaddy2k9 (talk) 18:58, 13 August 2017 (UTC)
I studied the other entries on the article tooth and nail to make sure that I got it right, and previewed it before I saved any changes. I added this entry myself, and got it done correctly. Which I'm quite proud of. Aidensdaddy2k9 (talk) 20:25, 14 August 2017 (UTC)
War film vs World War I Film
added as a statement about this being the highest grossing war film. This was removed by as this lacked sourcing. I added this via sourcing from BOM in the same place that Deloop82 added it. I later moved this from to the part of the text where it mentions the other highest grossing categories and clarified that the source saw World War I. This entire edit was reverted by Deloop82 saying World War I encompasses all war films. SummerPhDv2.0 has now changed this to match the source. Could we please discuss here before anymore changes. Emir of Wikipedia (talk) 21:06, 23 August 2017 (UTC)
* The source in question titles the table "War - World War I". They also have a table for WWII. They do not have a table for "War" films in general. There are numerous other films that various sources may consider to be "war" films that have out-grossed Wonder Woman.
* If we have a source directly stating that it is the "highest grossing war film of all time" (or similar) and we are determined to add the claim, we should probably include in-text attribution and there are several different ways to figure this. Are any of the Avengers movies -- which involve fictional wars -- "war" movies? Is "Captain America, Civil War" a war movie? How a source decides to categorize films will determine which film is the "highest grossing war film of all time, according to ________________." - Sum mer PhD v2.0 22:41, 23 August 2017 (UTC)
* Do you have any source that can counter the reasoning of SummerPhDv2.0? If not then we will have to keep in the fact that it is World War I. Emir of Wikipedia (talk) 22:46, 23 August 2017 (UTC)
* It's set in the label "war - world war I" but we have to consider that they have a category for war films, but they onlt put the war sub-genre in it. THe only other source I can say is imdb Deloop82 (talk) 08:15, 24 August 2017 (UTC)
* Where is their category for war films? We can't "consider" it unless it is what the sources says, otherwise it would be WP:OR. Regarding IMDb WP:CITEIMDB and WP:RS/IMDB don't mention anything regarding grosses so I am not sure if that would be a reliable source. Emir of Wikipedia (talk) 11:47, 24 August 2017 (UTC)
* Some IP with this moved the information to another part of the lead and removed the citation. The citation it is next to doesn't support the claim. Emir of Wikipedia (talk) 11:47, 24 August 2017 (UTC)
I see the claim has now morphed to "the highest-grossing World War I-set film of all time". The source we have been discussing does not say that and the claim is not universal. More to the point, the source currently cited for the claim does not say anything about World War I.
IMO, the claim that this is the highest grossing war film or World War I film or World War I-set film or film about a woman from a fictional island or Amazonian movie or... whatever ... of all time is not an objective statement (hell, we can't be sure it's the highest grossing female directed film of all time). Such a claim, if included at at all, should be attributed in-line and does not belong in the lead paragraph. IMO, it doesn't belong here at all. Writers, list makers and web databases can churn out meaningless designations all day. Quick: What is the highest grossing underwater film of all time? The highest grossing film sailing film? Highest grossing film set in London? More importantly: Who cares? - Sum mer PhD v2.0 14:41, 24 August 2017 (UTC)
* If you can't start with a direct quote, then it probably shouldn't be in an encyclopaedia article. DonQuixote (talk) 15:06, 24 August 2017 (UTC)
Reaffirming: I do not think the claim is solid/meaningful enough for inclusion. When a variation of the claim is re-added without discussion or a source, I will revert it, as I just have. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 20:39, 27 August 2017 (UTC)
Unsourced category
Yes, an anonymous editor feels it is a "feminist film". We do not have reliable sources supporting this, let alone an indication that this is WP:DEFINING.
The IP has been repeatedly warned. If need be, a range block and or page protection will end this.
Alternately, the IP could decide to discuss the issue at any point. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 03:49, 28 August 2017 (UTC)
RE: "Polarizing" reception
@AnonIP(s): Yeah, no, not polarizing at all. Most of the negative reaction against the movie has been from a small minority. Making this minority larger than it actually is is placing undue weight on a fringe group. DonQuixote (talk) 17:11, 31 August 2017 (UTC)
"Contradicting the earlier claims of Diana being a 'demigoddess'"
If, in the movie, Diana is the daughter of Zeus (a deity as per Greek mythology) and Queen Hippolyta (who is not a deity), doesn't that make her by definition a demigoddess? <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:35, 28 September 2017 (UTC) | WIKI |
Page:The Englishwoman in America (IA englishwomaninam00birdrich).pdf/339
by stout leathern belts, with dependent bowie-knives; these told "yarns" of adventures, and dangers from Indians, something in the style of Colonel Crockett.
The ladies wore their satin or kid shoes of various colours, of which the mud had made woeful havoc. The stories, which called forth the applause of the company in exact proportion to the barefaced roguery and utter want of principle displayed in each, would not have been worth listening to, had it not been from the extraordinary vernacular in which they were clothed, and the racy and emphatic manner of the narrators. Some of these voted three legs of their chairs superfluous, and balanced themselves on the fourth; while others hooked their feet on the top of the windows, and balanced themselves on the back legs of their chairs, in a position strongly suggestive of hanging by the heels. One of the stories which excited the most amusement reads very tamely divested of the slang and manner of the story-teller.
A cute chap down cast" had a "2-50" black mare (one which could perform a mile in two minutes fifty seconds), and, being about to "make tracks," he sold her to a gentleman for 350 dollars. In the night he stole her, cut her tail, painted her legs white, gave her a "blaze" on her face, sold her for 100 dollars, and decamped, sending a note to the first purchaser acquainting him with the particulars of the transaction. Cute chap that;" "A wide-awake feller;" "That coon had cut his eye-teeth;" "A smart sell that;" were the comments made on this roguish transaction, all the sympathy of the listeners being on the side of the rogue.
The stories related by Barnum of the tricks and im- | WIKI |
Human colonic electrical control activity (ECA)
S. K. Sarna, B. L. Bardakjian, W. E. Waterfall, J. F. Lind
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
82 Scopus citations
Abstract
Colonic electrical control activity was recorded using Teflon-coated stainless steel bipolar electrodes in 15 patients undergoing cholecystectomy who gave informed consent (6 in the ascending, 4 in the transverse, 3 in the descending, and 4 in the sigmoid colon). Electrode leads were brought out through a Penrose drain and removed with it 5-7 days postoperatively. The signals were analyzed using the Fast Fourier Transform method. The ascending colon had a low level signal that showed the simultaneous presence of variable and multiple frequency components in each of the two frequency ranges - a lower frequency range (LFR) of 2.0-9.0 cycles/min and a higher frequency range (HFR) of 9.0-13.0 cycles/min. Up to four distinct frequency peaks were observed in LFR and two in HFR. The mean dominant frequency component, i.e., the one with the greatest signal strength was 4.57 in the LFR and 10.61 cycles/min in HFR. The overall dominant frequency component was in the LFR. The ECA in the transverse colon was characterized mostly by a single and a stable frequency of oscillation in HFR (mean 10.89 cycles/min). Single or multiple frequency components in LFR were sometimes present; when so, the dominant frequency component had a mean frequency of 4.17 cycles/min. The means of dominant frequency components in the LFR and HFR in the descending colon were 4.14 cycles/min and 10.90 cycles/min, respectively, while those in the sigmoid colon were 4.15 and 10.50 cycles/min, respectively. Based on the characteristics of colonic ECA, the colon could be divided into three segments. The middle segment has the overall dominant frequency in HFR, and control waves are temporarily phase-locked. This segment begins in the proximal transverse colon and may end, depending on the patient, in either the distal transverse colon, the descending colon, or the sigmoid colon. The colon proximal to this was called the proximal segment and, distal to it, the distal segment. Both of these had variable and multiple frequency components in both the frequency ranges, and the control waves were not phase-locked. The overall dominant frequency in both of these segments was in LFR. This pattern is consistent with the main colonic motor function of temporary storage and mixing but may not be related to the infrequent propulsive contractions of colonic wall during mass movements.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1526-1536
Number of pages11
JournalGastroenterology
Volume78
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - 1980
Externally publishedYes
ASJC Scopus subject areas
• Hepatology
• Gastroenterology
Fingerprint
Dive into the research topics of 'Human colonic electrical control activity (ECA)'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Leipziger Platz 12
Leipziger Platz 12 was the address of a former mansion designed by Friedrich Hitzig in Berlin, Germany. Located on the fashionable Leipziger Platz, the building was the location of the British legation from 1859 to 1878, and the Turkish embassy from 1878 to 1896. The building was then demolished.
This was the only diplomatic building ever located in the square until the completion of the new Canadian embassy there in 2005. | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Account suspensions/JackSarfatti
User:JackSarfatti
This user has returned to making legal threats. . I have blocked his account pending withdrawal or resolution of the threats. -Willmcw 00:38, 12 December 2005 (UTC) | WIKI |
Comcast in Talks to Offer On-Demand Movies 6 to 8 Weeks After Theaters
Comcast Corp. (CMCSA) , the largest U.S.
cable-television company, is in talks with Hollywood movie
studios to show some films on demand six to eight weeks after
their theatrical release, a Comcast executive said. Comcast would like to offer on-demand rentals for Hollywood
studio films more quickly than the typical 90 to 120 days after
cinematic release, Marcien Jenckes, Comcast’s senior vice
president and general manager of video services, said in an
interview. The Philadelphia-based company hasn’t decided when to
introduce such a service and wants to make sure studios are
comfortable with the shorter window, he said. Comcast’s premium movie service would follow a similar move
by DirecTV, the largest U.S. satellite-TV operator. DirecTV (DTV) ,
which is gaining ground on Comcast in pay-TV subscribers, last
week started offering some films for $29.99 after 60 days. The faster release of movies for home viewing may spark
conflict in the industry because movie theaters would have
exclusive rights to films for shorter periods. Theater companies
including Cinemark Holdings Inc. (CNK) and Regency Theaters have
threatened to boycott films slated for on-demand viewing fewer
than 90 days, or about 12 weeks, after their theatrical release. Comcast hasn’t decided how much to charge for premium
video-on-demand and may experiment with a variety of prices,
depending on particular films and regions of the country,
Jenckes said. DirecTV, based in El Segundo, California , has no immediate
plans to shorten the time frame to less than 60 days, said
Executive Vice President Derek Chang in an interview last week. Jenckes said Comcast already offers selected independent
films for at-home viewing on the same day of their theatrical
release. Independent films receive more than 200,000 views on
demand by Comcast customers each month, according to the
company. Comcast rose 30 cents to $25.59 at 4 p.m. New York time in
Nasdaq Stock Market trading. The shares have gained 16 percent
this year. To contact the reporter on this story:
Alex Sherman in New York at
asherman6@bloomberg.net . To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Peter Elstrom at pelstrom@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Gender Med Rev. 2021 November 20: S2050-0521 (21) 00085-8. doi: 10.1016 / j.sxmr.2021.11.001. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Long-term complications from COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, involve many organ systems, dramatically worsening quality of life and ultimately contributing to impaired physical functioning. Despite the presence of well-identified pathogenic mechanisms, the effect of “Long COVID” on sexual health has only been marginally addressed.
OBJECTIVES: To provide current literature coverage on the long term COVID, its epidemiology, pathophysiology, and relevance to erectile function.
METHODS: Comprehensive review of the literature concerning the epidemiology and pathophysiology of long-term COVID, and its relevance for erectile function.
RESULTS: Symptoms of long-lasting COVID are widespread and involve almost every system in the human body, with a plethora of clinical manifestations ranging from minor nuisances to life-threatening conditions. “Brain fog” and fatigue are the most common complaints, although other neuropsychiatric complications, including sensory dysfunction, anxiety, depression, and cerebrovascular events, have also been reported. The respiratory and cardiovascular systems are also affected, with dyspnea, pulmonary fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction and myocarditis occurring in some long-haul COVIDs. A subset of patients may develop endocrine manifestations, including the development of diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, and hypogonadism. Overall, the long-term COVID presents many complications that can impair erectile function through multiple pathogenetic mechanisms, and which may require tailor-made treatment: (i) careful investigation and management by the expert in Sexual medicine are therefore essential, (ii) and future research on this subject is guaranteed.
CONCLUSION: In long-haul COVID-19, several complications can negatively affect erectile function which, in future tailored studies, could be used as a biomarker of the severity of the long-term COVID disease and its follow-up. Sansone A, Mollaioli D, Limoncin E et al. The Sexual Long COVID (SLC): Erectile dysfunction as a biomarker of systemic complications for long-haul COVID-19. Gender Med Rev 2021; XX: XXX-XXX.
PMID: 34933829 | DOI: 10.1016 / j.sxmr.2021.11.001
Source link | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Generation Next (programming block)
The result was delete. -- RoySmith (talk) 01:19, 14 February 2019 (UTC)
Generation Next (programming block)
* – ( View AfD View log Stats )
Generation Next was an umbrella term for a series of special reports on the BBC website and TV that lasted one week in 2006. Most media companies engage in this sort of grouped content series, and BBC runs several each year. This doesn't independently meet notability guidelines WP:GNG or WP:WEBCRIT as there are no secondary sources in the article (nor readily available) after over 12 years. It has no incoming links from any articles, either. -- Netoholic @ 18:23, 6 February 2019 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the list of News media-related deletion discussions. Netoholic @ 18:34, 6 February 2019 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the list of United Kingdom-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 19:04, 6 February 2019 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Television-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 19:04, 6 February 2019 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Radio-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 19:04, 6 February 2019 (UTC)
* Delete. A one-week series of BBC programs where all the references are primary (i.e. the BBC). Can't find any non-primary RS on google that this week of programming was in any way notable (probably why all the referencing in this article is from the BBC). Why would anyone want to read this article? Britishfinance (talk) 15:28, 12 February 2019 (UTC)
* Delete per nomination. Wikipedia is not a depository of random listings, especially if they are not notable. -The Gnome (talk) 06:08, 13 February 2019 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Do Deer Eat Beech Nuts?
The answer to this question may surprise you, but deer do eat beech nuts. In fact, they are quite fond of them. Beech nuts are the fruits of the beech tree, and they are small, hard, and round.
They are usually brown or black in color. Deer will eat beech nuts that have fallen to the ground, and they will also eat the leaves and twigs of the beech tree.
Do deer eat beech nuts? Yes, deer love beech nuts! In fact, they are one of the few animals that can eat them without getting sick.
Beech nuts are high in fat and protein, which makes them a great source of energy for deer. If you find a beech tree with a lot of nuts on the ground, chances are there will be a deer nearby!
Whitetail food, Beechnuts vs, Acorns.
When do beech nuts fall
If you’re lucky enough to have a beech tree in your yard, you may be wondering when the beech nuts will fall. Beech nuts are encased in a hard, spiky shell, making them difficult to crack open. But if you’re patient, you’ll be rewarded with a delicious, nutty treat.
The beech tree produces two types of nuts – the beechnut and the beech mast. The beechnut is the fruit of the beech tree, and it falls to the ground in autumn. The beech mast is a seed that is encased in a hard, spiky shell.
It falls to the ground in late summer or early autumn. If you want to collect the beech nuts, you’ll need to wait until they fall to the ground. Then, you can use a hammer or a nutcracker to crack open the hard shell.
Once you’ve cracked open the shell, you can eat the nut inside. Beech nuts are a delicious, nutty treat that are perfect for snacking on.
What animals eat beech nuts?
One of the most popular trees in North America, the beech tree (Fagus grandifolia), produces a small, hard nut that is encased in a thin, spiky shell. These beech nuts are relished by many animals, including squirrels, mice, chipmunks, rabbits, deer, bears, and birds. The beech tree is a member of the Fagaceae, or beech family, which also includes the oak and chestnut trees.
There are approximately 10 species of beech trees found throughout the world, with the majority of them being native to temperate regions of Asia and Europe. North America is home to two species of beech trees: the American beech (Fagus grandifolia) and the European beech (Fagus sylvatica). The beech tree is a large deciduous tree that can grow to a height of 100 feet (30 meters) and a width of 50 feet (15 meters).
The tree has a smooth, grayish-brown bark and elliptical-shaped leaves that are 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) long. The tree produces small, greenish-yellow flowers that bloom in the springtime. The beech tree is monoecious, meaning that it produces both male and female flowers on the same tree.
The male flowers are called staminate flowers and the female flowers are called pistillate flowers.
Do white-tailed deer eat beech nuts?
In short, yes, white-tailed deer will eat beech nuts. In fact, beech trees are a favorite food source for deer, especially during the fall when other food sources are scarce. Deer will also eat the leaves, twigs, and bark of beech trees.
Beech trees are found throughout the eastern United States and Canada, and their nuts are a favorite food of many animals, including white-tailed deer. The nuts are small and hard, and they contain a high amount of fat and protein, which makes them an ideal food source for deer. The nuts also have a high sugar content, which can attract deer to an area.
During the fall, as the leaves of beech trees begin to change color, the trees produce a high amount of nuts. This is known as the mast crop, and it provides an important food source for many animals, including deer. The mast crop can be an important factor in the survival of deer during the winter months.
While beech nuts are an important food source for deer, they are not the only thing that deer will eat. Deer are browsers, which means that they will eat a variety of different plants. In the fall, when other food sources are scarce, deer will often eat the leaves, twigs, and bark of beech trees.
What is a deer’s favorite nut?
There is no definitive answer to this question as deer have different preferences depending on the region they live in and the availability of different nuts. However, some of the most commonly favored nuts by deer include acorns, beechnuts, and chestnuts. deer will also eat other nuts such as hazelnuts and almonds if they are available.
Will deer eat beech trees?
Yes, deer will eat beech trees. Beech trees are a common food source for deer, and they will browse on the leaves and twigs of the tree. In some cases, deer will even eat the bark of the tree.
If you have a beech tree on your property, you may see deer damage to the tree.
Conclusion
In the fall, deer love to munch on beech nuts. Beech trees are found in the eastern United States and Canada, and their nuts are encased in a hard, spiky shell. The deer use their sharp teeth to crack open the shell and eat the nut inside.
Beech nuts are high in fat and protein, which makes them a great source of energy for the deer as they prepare for winter. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Category:History books about Croatia
This category is for articles on history books with Croatia as a topic. | WIKI |
Simon Simon - 1 year ago 222
SQL Question
MySQL Question (joins)
I'm not that into MySQL joins, so maybe you could give me a hand. I've got the following tables:
Table a
Fields ID,name
Table b
Fields aID,cID,ID,found
Table c
Fields ID,name
The result I want to get is the following: I want all the records where b.found = 1. Of these records I don't want a.id or a.name, but I want the number of records that would have been returned if I would have wanted so. So if there are five records that have b.found = 1 and c.id = (for example) 3, then I want a returned value of 5, c.id and c.name.
Someone is able to do this?
Actually this is what I want to get from the database:
A list of all records in table C and a count of records in table B that has found = 1 and b.c_id = c.id
Answer
Table: a
Fields: ID, name
Table: b
Fields: aID, cID, found
Table: c
Fields: ID, name
SELECT c.ID, c.name, COUNT(1)
FROM b
JOIN c ON c.ID = b.cID AND b.found=1
GROUP BY c.ID | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
1975–76 WIHL season
1975–76 was the 29th season of the Western International Hockey League.
Standings
* Cranbrook Royals 48 29 19 0 227 185 58
* Trail Smoke Eaters 48 29 19 0 200 193 58
* Spokane Flyers 48 26 22 0 212 185 52
* Kimberley Dynamiters 48 18 29 1 202 227 37
* Nelson Maple Leafs 48 17 30 1 177 228 35
Semi finals
Best of 7
* Cranbrook Royals defeated Kimberley Dynamiters 4 games to 1 (6-4, 3-4, 4-1, 7-3, 4-1)
* Spokane Flyers defeated Trail Smoke Eaters 4 games to 1 (6-2, 5-4, 0-0, 4-6, 7-4)
The third game of the series between Spokane and Trail was called off due to a brawl.
Final
In the "Best of 7" final, the Spokane Flyers defeated Cranbrook Royals 4 games to 3 (1-3, 5-4, 7-6, 3-4 OT, 0-4, 8-4, 6-5). The Spokane Flyers advanced to the 1976 Western Canada Allan Cup Playoffs. | WIKI |
1979 in hip hop music
This article summarizes the events, album releases, and album release dates in hip hop music for the year 1979.
Fatback Band – King Tim III (Personality Jock)
On March 25, 1979, the Fatback Band released the single "King Tim III (Personality Jock)" which is often cited as the first recorded hip hop song. However, even if a record called "Enterprise" who was released in the play Runaways (Original Broadway Cast Recording) on July 7, 1978, is also considered as the first recorded hip hop song. However, the exact origins of hip hop remain debated, with various recordings and performances from the 1970s contributing to its early development. Regardless of the specific milestone, these early releases laid the foundation for the vibrant and influential genre that hip hop would become.
The Sugarhill Gang – Rapper's Delight
On September 16, 1979, The Sugarhill Gang released the single Rapper's Delight, which became the first commercially successful hip-hop song. It was the first rap song to appear on the Billboard Hot 100, reaching number 37, and peaked at number 4 on the R&B charts. It is often mistaken as the first recorded hip hop song. The song was increasingly popular outside of the United States especially in the United Kingdom and Canada-it exceeded over $3.5 million in sales and over two million in copies within the first few weeks of its launching. In 2011, the song was preserved into the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress stat, especially in the United Kingdom and Canada. It exceeded over $3.5 million in sales and over two million in copies within the first few weeks of its launching, the infectious dance number might have launched an entire genre. In 2014, "Rapper's Delight" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. Over 14 million copies of "Rapper's Delight" have been sold since 1979.
Kurtis Blow – Christmas Rappin'
Russell Simmons decided that he wanted to create a rap record with Kurtis Blow. He realized that the best way of earning money was by creating a Christmas record as it would be played every year. After playing the song for 22 labels, they finally got it released on Mercury Records. The record was eventually sold over 500,000 times. There were obstacles in their way as they tried to make "Christmas Rappin'" widely available. Even with the song's obvious popularity, record labels refused to support Simmons and Blow because they doubted rap music could succeed, particularly when it comes to Christmas music. They continued anyhow, playing the song for a number of labels before they eventually signed a record deal with Mercury Records.
Hip-hop history reached a major turning point with the publication of "Christmas Rappin'," which propelled the genre into the public eye over the Christmas season. Sales of more over 500,000 copies proved its success beyond all predictions, demonstrating its ongoing appeal and cultural influence. December is a time for celebration, and the combination of hip-hop and Christmas music adds a special touch to the Christmas season. "Christmas Rappin'" by Kurtis Blow, a groundbreaking song in the genre, is one noteworthy example. Not only was the creation of this timeless song a creative inspiration, but it was also a calculated move to capitalize on the popularity of holiday-themed music. Russell Simmons, a creative entrepreneur with a keen understanding of the music business, was the inspiration behind "Christmas Rappin'". Seeing Christmas rap albums as a rich man's opportunity, Simmons went to work with one of the leading names in the new hip-hop scene, Kurtis Blow. Together, they set out to produce a song that would serve as both an enduring and entertaining piece of music. As we reflect on the legacy of "Christmas Rappin'," we are reminded of the power of music to transcend boundaries and unite people in celebration. In the midst of the hustle and bustle of the holiday season, let us take a moment to appreciate the timeless classics that bring joy and cheer to our lives, including the iconic sounds of Kurtis Blow's "Christmas Rappin'."
Unknown month
Bramsam – Move Your Body
Dr. Superman / Lady Sweet – Can You Do It (Superman) / Back to Metropolis
David Lampell – I Ran Iran
Eddie Cheba – Lookin' Good (Shake Your Body)
Family – Family Rap
First Class – Rappin' It Up
Funky Constellation – Street Talk (Madam Rapper)
Funky Four Plus One – Rappin' and Rocking the House
Grandmaster Flash and The Furious Five – SuperRappin'
Jocko – Rhythm Talk
Jocko – The Rocketship
Jazzy 4 MC's – MC Rock
Joe Bataan – Rap-O Clap-O / El Rap-O Clap-O
Lady B – To The Beat Y'all
Lady D / MC Tee – Lady D / Nu Sounds
Little Starsky – Gangster Rock
Mr. Q – D. J. Style
Mr. Q – Ladies Delight
Mr. Q – Love & Time / Rapping Time
Mr. Q – Party Party / Party Rapp
Neil B / Brooklyn Express – Body Rock
The Sequence – Funk You Up
Ron Hunt / Ronnie G. & The S.M. Crew – Spiderap / A Corona Jam
Paulett and Tanya Winley / Ann Winley – Rhymin' and Rappin' / Watch Dog
Scoopy – Scoopy Rap
Sicle Cell & Rhapazooty – Rhapazooty in Blue
Spoonie Gee – Spoonin Rap
Steve Gordon & The Kosher Five – Take My Rap... Please
T.J. Swan – And You Know That
Troy Rainey – Tricky Tee Rap
Uno – Boogie Beat
Wackie's Disco Rock Band – Wack Rap
Willie Wood & Willie Wood Crew – Willie Rap
Mr. Magic – Rappin' With Mr. Magic
Xanadu & Sweet Lady – Rappers Delight / Rockers Choice
Younger Generation (early name of Grandmaster Flash and The Furious Five) – We Rap More Mellow | WIKI |
Lifestyle
It's OK To Eat Sugar Before Your Workout, But Here's What You Should Avoid
Ah, sugar. Many people think it's the devil when it comes to leading a healthier lifestyle, but TBH, it doesn't deserve such a blanket stereotype. In fact, my brother recently told me that when he eats sugar before a workout — in the form of an indulgent, heaping stack of chocolate chip pancakes, BTW — he has a killer workout every. Freaking. Time. I mean, if it's going to give me loads of energy to slay my #GymGoals it can't be all that bad, right?
For starters, when you talk about "sugar," that can mean a lot of different things. It's not just that grainy white stuff you put in your coffee, FYI. There are five major types of sugar that your body uses in different ways, especially if you lead a more active lifestyle and work out on the reg. Glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, and lactose are all types of sugar that your body absorbs for overall energy, challenging workouts, and everyday functions — more on that in a bit.
Your body can handle all of these different types of sugar in moderate amounts, and there's no need to eliminate any of them entirely from your diet (unless you have a specific health condition, like diabetes, or your doctor otherwise specifically tells you to do so).
And, interestingly enough, sugar is actually essential to fuel up for exercise, whether you're lifting weights or heading to your favorite cycling class.
According to Men's Fitness, an inadequate amount of sugars and carbohydrates in your system before a workout can lead to intense lethargy, as well as inevitable fatigue and burnout during your sweat sesh. Now, I'm not saying that you should chow down on a couple of donuts every time you're getting ready to hit the gym, but having a moderate amount of sugar before you get moving has undeniable benefits, and it's even partially necessary for your body to do its thing.
The type of sugar you're consuming (and what you're pairing it with) makes a heck of a difference, so take notes, my friend. Glucose is found in most carbs (like bread and fruit), and your body burns this stuff most efficiently. If you're opting for toast or a banana before a run, try pairing it with nut butter or yogurt for long-lasting stamina.
Fructose, on the other hand, is also found in fruit, but also veggies, honey, and juice. This is the stuff that your liver breaks down before it travels to your muscles. Veggies and hummus would be a great example of a fructose-filled, pre-workout snack.
The only type of sugar you should be a bit wary of, before a workout at least, is sucrose — aka table sugar, and the stuff you'll find in cookies, pastries, and the like.
According to findings from a 2013 study, there's actually an important role for sucrose in fueling intense bouts of exercise, so a gooey, delicious brownie before the gym isn't necessarily going to counteract your athletic efforts. But, again, moderation is key for adequate performance in any context.
As far as maltose and lactose are concerned, neither are worth worrying too much about. For one thing, maltose is the type of sugar found in beer, my friends, and uh, drunk workouts aren't exactly recommended most of the time, so there's that. As for lactose, that's the sugar found in cheese, milk, and anything dairy-based. Depending on how your stomach feels, these things can be great to eat before your workout, but if you're sensitive to dairy, be mindful of consuming anything with heavy amounts of lactose before the gym.
Any of these sugars are totally fine to consume before you hit the gym, but if you're opting for a sweeter snack or simple carbs, make sure you pair them with something that will make them burn more slowly in your body.
This is important because, if you chowed down on a plain bagel before a sweat sesh, for example, your blood sugar would drop super quickly, and you'd be dragging your feet in between deadlifts — no bueno.
Instead, try pairing a bagel with peanut butter for a more fueling pre-workout snack, or if you're opting for a piece of chocolate or a granola bar, add a handful of your favorite nuts to those bad boys for an optimal boost of energy.
Bottom line: While sugar often gets a bad rap, it's actually fine before the gym, so live your life and eat that donut, girl. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
AI firm Ketryx raises $39M, adds former Medtronic CEO as investor
This story was originally published on MedTech Dive. To receive daily news and insights, subscribe to our free daily MedTech Dive newsletter.
Ketryx, a startup that uses artificial intelligence to help medical device companies with documentation and regulatory compliance, raised $39 million in a series B funding round, the company announced Thursday.
Transformation Capital led the funding round, with partner and founding team member Vinay Shah joining Ketryx’s board. Former Medtronic CEO Bill Hawkins also joined as a new investor.
Ketryx’s platform includes tools to help with building software as a medical device applications and AI in medical devices while remaining compliant. Its customers include three of the five top global medtech companies, and AI firms such as DeepHealth, Heartflow and Aignostics.
As the Food and Drug Administration regulates a growing number of software and AI tools, the agency is also clarifying regulatory requirements. For example, the FDA has opened a pathway for pre-determined changes to medical devices — which could be useful for updates to AI models — but the process requires upfront documentation.
Ketryx’s platform is intended to help automate software documentation.
“I’ve spent the last decade at the intersection of AI and life sciences, watching it evolve from an emerging tool to a critical application for patients,” CEO and founder Erez Kaminski said in a statement. “It’s now time to accelerate adoption and ensure AI is safe, reliable, and ready for regulated environments.”
Other investors participating in the funding round include Lightspeed Venture Partners, MIT’s E14 Fund, Ubiquity Ventures and 53 Stations.
Ketryx said it has raised more than $55 million to date.
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AI in medtech is booming. Track new devices here. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
2023 Givat Shaul shooting
On 30 November 2023, two Palestinian gunmen killed three and wounded 16 Israeli civilians at a bus stop on the Givat Shaul Interchange in Jerusalem during the ceasefire of the Israel–Hamas war. A fourth individual, Yuval Castleman (an armed bystander who shot at the gunmen), was shot and killed by responding IDF soldiers who mistook him for one of the attackers. Hamas claimed responsibility for the shooting.
Background
The Givat Shaul neighborhood, located in the western part of the city, is one of the primary entrances to Jerusalem, and has been a target of attacks in the past. The 2023 shooting occurred within the context of the violent 2023 Israel-Hamas war, just hours after Hamas and Israel, the 2 primary belligerents in the war, agreed to the extension of a ceasefire.
According to Israeli Police, both attackers had been imprisoned in the past due to their affiliation with Hamas. Murad Nemer was imprisoned for 10 years because of his intention to carry out terrorist operations; his brother, Ibrahim Nemer was imprisoned in 2014 for the same reason. The men were both in their 30s and from the Sur Baher neighborhood of East Jerusalem.
Attack
According to the Israeli Police and amateur camera footage, the two gunmen, 38-year-old Murad Nemer and 30-year-old Ibrahim Nemer, arrived at the bus stop in a car at around 7:30 a.m. local time. They exited the car carrying an M16 and a handgun. The attackers' vehicle contained a "large amount of ammunition," according to police. They then opened fire at the people waiting at the bus stop, killing 3 and injuring 16. Israeli police received reports of gunfire at about 7:40 a.m. local time. A bystander identified as 37-year-old Yuval Doron Castleman, who noticed the attack while driving, opened fire on the attackers during the shooting.
The attack ended when two IDF soldiers, including a soldier heading back to base after being on a break from service in Gaza, and Castleman, an armed civilian, returned fire, killing both gunmen. However, Castleman was shot by an Israeli soldier after being mistaken for an attacker. Despite throwing away his gun, kneeling, and raising his hands, he was shot again. As IDF soldiers assumed he was an attacker, Haaretz stated Castleman received no medical assistance after being shot. Castleman later died at the hospital.
Victims
Initial reports named the three dead by the attackers as 73-year-old rabbi Elimelech Wasserman, 67-year-old Chana Ifergan, and 24-year-old Livia Dickman. A fourth individual Yuval Doron Castleman was shot and killed by the responding IDF soldiers. Livia Dickman was pregnant and died at the scene of the attack. The fetus could not be saved. Wasserman and Ifergan were pronounced dead at the Shaare Zedek Medical Center. Six other people were transported to Hadassah Ein Kerem Hospital, of whom three were in serious condition.
Aftermath and reactions
After an initial investigation, the Israeli Police confirmed the identities of the attackers as Murad and Ibrahim Nemer, as well as confirming the deaths and injuries. Hamas claimed responsibility for the attack, stating that "The operation came as a natural response to unprecedented crimes conducted by the Occupation".
The police conducted raids on the attacker's family's homes, arresting 6 members of their family. The highway on which the attack took place, Highway 1 at the Motsa Junction, was closed immediately afterwards. The US Ambassador to Israel, Jack Lew, and the EU Ambassador to Israel Dimiter Tzantchev, both condemned the attack on social media.
The family of Yuval Doron Castleman, the bystander who was mistakenly shot by IDF soldiers, labeled his death as an "execution" and called for a thorough investigation. The IDF, initially stating that it had no plans to investigate the incident, later decided to involve its Military Police's investigatory unit following an initial probe by the Shin Bet and Israel Police. Police acknowledged the mistaken identification and expressed sorrow for Castleman's death. | WIKI |
Adwar Mousa
Adwar Mousa (أدوار موسى, born 10 April 1950), also known as Edwar Mousa and Edward Mousa, is an Assyrian singer-songwriter and poet who mainly writes folk dance music. Mousa is famed for writing a dozen notable songs in the late 1980s and early 1990s for prolific and popular Assyrian singers such as Sargon Gabriel, Ashur Bet Sargis, Janan Sawa, Linda George and Juliana Jendo, among others. Mousa is originally from Syria, before he immigrated to Sweden and later resettled in Chicago with his family in the 2010s.
Writing credits
Ashur Bet Sargis
* Loosh Ane Jooleh Sodaneh (1990)
Janan Sawa
* Min Poomakh, Min Poomy (1988)
* Shooshan (1988)
Juliana Jendo
* Derdee (1990)
* Khlola (1990)
* Sogul (1990)
* Tlibee (1990)
Linda George
* Aynet Nooneh (1992)
Sargon Gabriel
* Wy Wy Minnakh (1987)
* Siqly Al Resha d'Toora (1992)
* Maney E Dzemra (1992)
* Bessa Sapar (1992)
* Nareeneh (1992)
* Rikidla Mya Meeney (1992)
* Matenee (1994)
* Yasmin (1994)
Shabeh Lawando
* Emin Dayer Azizi (1986)
* Slalee Al Karmanee (1990)
* Dashta (1990)
* Komta O Khwara (1990)
* Mbarkhula (1990)
* Sogul (1990)
* Saimon Moghdalee (1990)
* Sayda (1991)
* Sheshen Gulpani (1991)
* Mkhee Pokha (1991)
* Moomee (1992)
* Matwate d-Ninweh (1992)
* Hoy Jano (1993)
* Dilan (1993)
* Kma Bayinakh (1993)
* Tre Warden (1993)
* Sayraneh (1995)
* Saparchiwin (1995)
* Lo Athra (1995)
Discography
* Rwily (1998)
* En Tali (1999)
* Edward Mousa Live (2002)
Legacy
Adwar Mousa's dance songs "Narineh" and "Wye Wye Minakh", which were written for Sargon Gabriel, still remain widely covered and played in today's Assyrian weddings and jubilant parties. They are in the rhythm of bagiyeh and sheikhani, respectively, thus making them popular choices for dancing. His other folk dance songs, such as "Hoy Jano", "Hatkha O Atkha", "Kewat Ya Shimshi" and "Barowen", are also immensely covered in Assyrian parties, which have gained popularity since the early 2010s, despite the fact that they were composed in the early 1990s. At over 1.6 million hits, "Kha Yoma Kheshli Khlola", written by Mousa and sung by Bassam Slivo, is one of the most-viewed Assyrian songs on YouTube. His daughter, Nagham Adwar Mousa, is also a singer. | WIKI |
How do Braces Really Work? (The Science Behind Orthodontics)
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Today it’s very common to see children, teenagers, and adults wearing braces. Most people know that braces are all about straightening your teeth and correcting your bite, but few people know how they actually work.
In this article, we’ll discuss the reasons someone would get braces, along with how braces work and the different components that work together to straighten teeth.
Reasons to get braces
Because braces require a financial investment, many people question whether or not they actually need braces. But if your bite isn’t right, braces will provide several important improvements for your life.
First, if you have an abnormal bite, braces can correct this. Not only will orthodontic work improve the way your smile looks, but it will also improve the way your bite functions. Having a bad bite (also called malocclusion) can cause problems for years to come. A bad bite can lead to excess pressure to specific teeth, causing them to chip or break. It can also create tension and pain in the jaw.
Having a good bite, therefore, is essential to a healthy looking smile, reducing tooth damage, and preventing jaw problems.
Second, braces can also correct crooked teeth. Once again, there is a cosmetic benefit to correcting crooked teeth, but there are also benefits to your oral health. Crooked teeth can affect speech and create pockets of space around your gums that hold excess plaque and expedite tooth decay or tooth loss.
As you can see, braces play an important role in both cosmetic issues and oral health issues. Investing in braces now can prevent decades of problems later. Although crooked teeth and abnormal bites often go together, they don’t always.
If you or your child simply has an abnormal bite, you may not even notice, which is why it is important to check with an orthodontist before jaw pains or other issues develop.
How do braces work?
Put simply, braces straighten your teeth and align your bite. This can be accomplished in a few different ways. Here at Chattahoochee Family Orthodontics, we offer traditional metal braces, clear braces, Invisalign® Teen trays, and more. Each case is different and we take pride in developing treatment plans tailored to each patient’s unique needs.
Traditional braces work by simply applying the right amount of pressure to realign teeth. They consist of several different components, described below, that are designed to move your teeth into the ideal location.
Common components of braces
Brackets: These are small squares that we bond directly to the front of each tooth. Each bracket holds the arch wire (described below) that move the teeth. Brackets are available in stainless steel and tooth-colored ceramic or plastic, which some prefer because they blend in better with the teeth.
Arch wire: This is the wire that attaches to the brackets and guides the movement of the teeth. They are typically made of metal, and pull the teeth in the right direction to become straight.
Orthodontic bands: These bands wrap around certain teeth (typically molars) to provide an anchor for the brackets and arch wire. They are also cemented to the teeth to ensure a strong hold. Although common, they are not used in all patients as some only require brackets without bands.
Spacers: These do exactly what they say they do; they fit between your teeth and create space so that we can later fit the orthodontic bands in between the teeth.
Ligatures: These are small rubber rings or bands that fasten the arch wire to the brackets. Depending on your preference, they can be clear or colored.
Elastics: These rubberbands attach to hooks on brackets and connect the upper and lower teeth. These are important for correcting one’s bite; they apply pressure to move the teeth to achieve a perfect fit and a good bite.
Bringing it all together
Every child is different and therefore every treatment is different. Your child may only need small adjustments with a few components over several months, or they may require several years and styles of treatment. Whatever the case, here at Chattahoochee Family Orthodontics, we take great pride in meeting each child’s needs and giving them a great smile.
Although braces are an investment of both time and money, they play an important role in creating a lasting smile. Having good teeth not only looks good, but is important for your child’s health. Braces can help prevent long-term dental problems like tooth decay, jaw soreness, and chipped teeth.
If your child is over the age of 7 and hasn’t seen an orthodontist, we recommend you schedule an appointment soon. The earlier we begin treatment, the easier the treatment will be.
If you’re in the Cumming, Hamilton Mill, or Suwanee Georgia area, then we recommend you contact us and schedule an appointment today. We will examine your child’s teeth to determine if and when action is required, building a treatment plan that benefits your child for years to come. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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