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Iron Works
An ironworks or iron works is a building or site where iron is smelted and where heavy iron and steel products are made.
Iron Works may also refer to:
* Iron Works, a neighborhood in Brookfield, Connecticut
* Clay City, Kentucky, known as Iron Works during the early 19th century
* Iron Works, the label that produced Liege Lord | WIKI |
Qatar Airways eyes rapid growth as travel demand rebounds
By Rachel More
BERLIN, March 7 (Reuters) - Qatar Airways announced plans for rapid growth on Tuesday, as the travel industry recovers from the pandemic.
Announcing objectives at the ITB tourism fair in Berlin, the Gulf carrier said it would add seven destinations, restore 11 others and boost the frequency of flights to 35 markets - marking a 21% rise in flights by July 2023, compared with the same month last year.
Chief Executive Akbar Al Baker, speaking in his first appearance since settling a major legal dispute with Airbus AIR.PA, said the airline was being conservative because of its dependence on deliveries from Airbus or Boeing amid supply woes.
"Unfortunately it is not in their hands; I think supply chain problems will last a bit longer," Al Baker told a news conference during the world's largest tourism expo.
Newly planned airline destinations include five in Europe, including three in France, and two in Africa.
"The aviation industry is slowly rebounding ... (from) unprecedented pressures," Al Baker said.
Al Baker noted upward inflationary pressure on ticket prices but said the airline was not passing on all fuel increases.
Al Baker, whose roles include tourism minister of Qatar, also announced a campaign to increase visitors to the Gulf state, building on attention from hosting the 2022 soccer World Cup to boost its domestic tourism industry.
He said Qatar aimed to increase the number of annual visitors threefold compared to 2019 levels to six to seven million, with a target of contributing to 10% of its economy.
Gulf analysts say the small peninsula state faces stiff competition from neighbouring Dubai, an international tourist destination, as well as from Saudi Arabia as the kingdom opens up and invests heavily in tourism and entertainment.
Al Baker said Qatar had been the target of disinformation and vigorously defended its performance in staging the World Cup. He lashed out at media coverage surrounding the event.
Qatar, the first Middle Eastern country to stage soccer's showpiece event, came under scrutiny from human rights groups over its treatment of migrant workers ahead of the tournament.
National organisers have acknowledged there are gaps in the country's labour system but say the World Cup has allowed the country to make progress on issues related to worker rights.
(Reporting by Rachel More, Editing by Tim Hepher and Mark Potter)
((tim.hepher@thomsonreuters.com; +33 1 49 49 54 52; Reuters Messaging: tim.hepher.thomsonreuters@reuters.net))
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Prosecutor unlikely to seek death penalty in San Francisco killing of 5 - CBS News
(CBS/AP) SAN FRANCISCO - The San Francisco District Attorney says he is unlikely to seek the death penalty against a man suspected of killing five people in a San Francisco home last week. San Francisco prosecutors say Binh Thai Luc will be charged with five counts of murder with special circumstances that could make him eligible for the death penalty. His arraignment is scheduled for Wednesday afternoon. District Attorney George Gascon told CBS San Francisco Tusday that he would thoroughly review the details of the case, but it is unlikely I will seek the death penalty. The Vietnam native was arrested Sunday after five bodies were found Friday in what police initially thought was a murder-suicide. The victims include a married couple, their adult children and the son's girlfriend. Authorities have not yet determined a motive for the killings. Officials say an immigration judge ordered Luc's deportation six years ago after he served time for armed robbery and assault. But he was never deported because the Vietnamese government didn't provide the necessary paperwork. More on Crimesider:March 27, 2012 - Binh Thai Luc, suspect in SF murders, faced deportation to Vietnam in 2006March 26, 2012- San Francisco police arrest Binh Thai Luc in connection with the gruesome killing of five people The suspect allegedly told police he not like black people, and traveled to New York with the purpose of killing a black person One of two students charged with raping a 14-year-old girl in a Maryland high school bathroom reportedly entered the country illegally Copyright 2017 CBS Interactive Inc.All rights reserved. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
arXiv Vanity renders academic papers from arXiv as responsive web pages so you don’t have to squint at a PDF. Read this paper on arXiv.org.
We prove that on compact Kähler manifolds solutions to the complex Monge-Ampère equation, with the right hand side in are Hölder continuous.
plurisubharmonic function, complex Monge-Ampère operator
:
primary 32U05, secondary 32U40
Let be a compact n-dimensional Kähler manifold with the fundamental form given in local coordinates by
An upper semicontinuous function on is called -plurisubharmonic (-psh in short) if
We study the regularity of -psh solutions of the complex Monge-Ampère equation
where is a given function. For smooth positive the equation was solved by Yau [Y]. Later it was shown in [K1] that for there exists a continuous solution. From [K2] we know that norm of a difference of (suitably normalized) solutions is controlled by norm of the difference of functions on the right hand side (see Theorem 1.1 below). Here we shall prove that for the solutions are Hölder continuous. The exponent depends on and .
The corresponding result in strictly pseudoconvex domains has been obtained in [GKZ].
The results are motivated, in part, by a recent work of Tian and Zhang [TZ] where the authors study the Kähler-Ricci flow on projective manifolds. Later more papers on the subject appeared in ArXiv: [ST],[EGZ],[Z]. When the canonical divisor is big and nef the flow initiated at any Kähler metric tends to a current which is a smooth Kähler-Einstein metric off a subvariety of . The potential of this current is continuous also along the singular set. Since the right hand side of the Monge-Ampère equation satisfied by the potential blows up along at the rate , where denotes the distance from , and it is integrable at the same time, it belongs to some The Kähler form on the left hand side also degenerates, so the Monge-Ampère equation here becomes more complicated. However, our result, with the same proof, holds on compact Kähler orbifolds. Also, if the limit metric has singularities that can be blown down, then we may pull-back the equation from a Kähler manifold. Thus Theorem 2.1 can be applied to some 2 - dimensional examples of the Kähler-Ricci flow considered in [TZ] and [ST].
I would like to thank G. Tian for an invitation to Princeton and the possibility of discussing this topic. I also thank V. Guedj, M. Paun and Z. Zhang for their comments on this paper. Z. Zhang’s suggestion shortened the proof.
1. Preliminaries.
For the background of the definitions and results that follow see [K3]. Using the differential operators we define for given bounded plurisubharmonic function the Monge-Ampère measure
(see [BT1]). This is a nonnegative Borel measure.
Let us recall a stability statement from [K2] concerning the equation 0.1. On a compact Kähler manifold with a fundamental form the norms are defined by
Theorem 1.1
Given , and satisfying the normalizing condition in 0.1 there exists with
for suitably normalized and .
Let be a domain in and For define a plurisubharmonic function
where denotes the Lebesgue measure. In [GKZ] it is proved that
with the constant depending only on the dimension. For the sake of completeness we include the proof here. Applying Jensen’s formula and Fubini’s theorem we obtain the following estimates (with denoting the surface measure of the unit sphere)
where . The estimate 1.1 directly follows from this one.
2. Main theorem.
Theorem 2.1
For and satisfying the normalizing condition in 0.1 the solution of 0.1 is Hölder continuous with the Hölder exponent which depends on , and .
Demonstration Proof
It follows from [K1] that depends on , and . We can assume that Choose a finite number of coordinate balls such that cover and denote by the balls . Since the transition functions for those charts have bounded Jacobians one can find a constant depending only on and such that for all and we have
where denotes the ball centered at of radius in the chart
Fix non positive functions with on , in , and on a neighbourhood of For some depending on we have
For fixed we choose and (with conjugate) satisfying
It is possible since we can choose so big that is bigger than two times the left hand side, and then we take small enough. Using the coordinates in we define regularizations
Let us yet define two auxiliary functions
and
By 2.1 we have
We shall approximate by -psh functions which are created by gluing together the local regularizations (comp. [D]). The function defined above measures the correction term when we pass from local to global regularization. Note that, by continuity of ,
Set
It is continuous on since, by 2.3, the maximum on the right hand side must be attained for such that Note also that since for
one obtains, via an inequality from [BT1] estimating from below,
if is sufficiently small. To finish the proof we need to verify the following claim.
Claim. is bounded on some nonempty interval
Suppose that and Then the set
is nonempty. Take on and on with the constant chosen so that
Now we compare with
where the coordinates of are used. Given we find with such that
(Note that defining and we integrate over the same domain except for the piece of volume at most )
Since we infer from this estimate for and small enough
Thus, as is a priori bounded on every , applying 1.1 one obtains
for all and consequently
with the constant depending only on . Hence, upon the use of Hölder inequality
where depends also on . By Theorem 1.1 for and small enough if solves
and is suitably normalized then
(since by our choice of we have ).
Proposition
If we choose so that
then
Demonstration Proof
Take Then
and therefore, by 2.5
Since we get from this
Again, by 2.5
Therefore the definition of yields
The Three Circles Theorem gives for small enough
It follows that, choosing so that
we obtain
Further, since , we get from 2.2 that
Inserting this into 2.7 we finally arrive at
The proposition follows by comparing this inequality with 2.6.
Applying the proposition one can find such that
By the comparison principle [K2] and 2.4
This contradiction shows that the choice of small enough with is impossible. Thus the proof of the claim and that of the theorem is completed.
References
[BT1] E. Bedford and B.A. Taylor, The Dirichlet problem for the complex Monge-Ampère operator, Invent. Math. 37 (1976), 1-44.
[BT2] E. Bedford and B.A. Taylor, A new capacity for plurisubharmonic functions, Acta Math. 149 (1982), 1-40.
[D] J.-P. Demailly, Regularization of closed positive currents and intersection theory, J. Alg. Geom. 1 (1992), 361-409.
[GKZ] V. Guedj, S. Kołodziej, A. Zeriahi, Hölder continuous solutions to the complex Monge-Ampère equations, math.CV/0607314.
[EGZ] P. Eysssidieux, V. Guedj, A. Zeriahi, Singular Kähler-Einstein metrics, math.AG/0603431.
[K1] S. Kołodziej, The complex Monge-Ampère equation, Acta Math. 180 (1998), 69-117.
[K2] S. Kołodziej, Stability of solutions to the complex Monge-Ampère on compact Kähler manifolds, Indiana U. Math. J. 52 (2003), 667-686.
[K3] S. Kołodziej, The complex Monge-Ampère equation and pluripotential theory, Memoirs of AMS, 840 (2005), pp. 62.
[ST] J. Song and G. Tian, The Kähler-Ricci flow on surfaces of positive Kodaira dimension, math.DG/0602150 .
[TZ] G. Tian and Z. Zhang, On the Kähler-Ricci flow on projective manifolds of general type, Chinese Ann. Math. B 27 (2) (2006), 179-192.
[Y] S.-T. Yau, On the Ricci curvature of a compact Kähler manifold and the complex Monge-Ampère equation, Comm. Pure and Appl. Math. 31 (1978), 339-411.
[Z] Z. Zhang, On Degenerated Monge-Ampere Equations over Closed Kähler Manifolds, IMRN, vol. 2006, 1-18.
postal address: \+Jagiellonian University, Institute of Mathematics \+Reymonta 4, 30-059 Kraków, Poland \+e-mail: Slawomir.Kolodziej im.uj.edu.pl
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What’s a launcher and which are the best launchers for your smartphone? - Starlink
Thursday
What’s a launcher and which are the best launchers for your smartphone?
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One of the main advantages of having an Android is that you can customize your smartphone to best fit your preferences. Regardless of the default customizing layer (EMUI, MIUI, ColorOS, OxygenOS…), you can set up your smartphone with icon packs, wallpapers, etc. One of the best ways to set up your smartphone is to install a launcher. There are two kinds of launchers and we’ll talk about the best ones and the features they include.
What’s a launcher?
A launcher is the graphic interface that you interact with at all times while using your smartphone. We’re not just talking about the main screen and how it looks, it’s also in charge of showing the smartphone’s design and includes all kinds “extra” features. It’s the app that launches other apps or the screen’s configurations such as the icons’ designs. It lets you modify and customize your smartphone’s desktop and store your apps.
There are a bunch of different launchers out there and each Android smartphone includes its own. Each brand works with their own launchers. For example, Samsung smartphones include TouchWiz by default. Nevertheless, you can change the launcher by downloading one from your app store that fits your needs. There are launchers for kids’ smartphones or launchers that are specially designed for the elderly, just to mention a few categories.
How can you change the launcher?
It’s really easy. All you have to do is download any of the ones we suggest or look for another option in your app store. Once you’ve downloaded the launcher, you can install it like you would any other app. In order to apply it as the default launcher, enter the Settings>Apps>Default apps>Launcher. Set the new launcher as default and it’ll be automatically applied to your smartphone.
So what launcher should you download?
Nova Launcher
Nova Launcher is probably the single most complete option and the most popular one as well. It includes everything you could possibly need and extends beyond the customizing experience. It lets you modify the icon distribution and the app drawer, organize your apps inside bubbles or categories, organize them by tabs inside the drawer, etc.
Nova launcher
You can also change the appearance to fit your preferences. For example, change the icons’ shape, add new icon packs, create folders. You can even change the speed at which the animation changes when the app drawer opens, the speed at which the windows slide in your desktop, or the animation that appears when you open a new app, to mention a few. This launcher includes all kind of menus, adjustments, and options as well as a bunch of other features that you can’t find in the Android stock version. Take the Night Mode as an example, which will be included in the Android Q. [Download]
POCO Launcher
POCO Launcher is included by default in Xiaomi’s Pocophone F1 smartphone but you can also install it in any Android that includes a version 5.0 or greater. We’re talking about a sleek and easy-to-use launcher, but most of all, it’s a really well-organized tool. The apps are grouped by categories inside the app drawer and they can even be organized by app color (which makes them really easy to find). Its totally sleek and neat look is what really makes it shine.
POCO Launcher
Besides it being really user-friendly, Pocophone includes all kinds of direct accesses to apps and the browser bar. Another major asset is its Night Mode, which is not yet available for Android as a native feature (it will be in Android Q), but you can activate it with POCO Launcher. [Download]
Siempo
Siempo is totally different from the before-mentioned launchers. Its main goal is not to be the most complete, just the simplest one. It seeks to pull you away from your smartphone and improve your digital health by restricting the hours you use the device. Siempo lets you specify the apps that you want to use less as well as set up a personal goal. For example, to sleep more. That personal goal will always appear on your screen so you never forget it.
Siempo Launcher
Siempo’s interface is really basic and the apps that you want to stray away from will appear on a different screen with less eye-catching icons and randomly placed so it’s harder for you to locate them. The goal is that during those few seconds that it takes you to find the apps, you’ll remember that Siempo is there to detox you from your smartphone so you can focus on other tasks. This launcher is definitely unique. [Download]
Wiser
There’s a launcher for everything and everyone. Wiser is one of the best launchers for the elderly. If you have a smartphone that you’re not using anymore and you want to pass it along to your mom or dad (or your grandparents), this is the one for you. It simplifies all the smartphone’s features to the max and turns it into a really basic and easy-to-use device. It also greatly caters to its audience by including large and simplified icons like “favorite people”.
WIser
The smartphone will work as it usually does but everything will be more visible. It also makes the apps more accessible and highlights the most commonly used features such as the icons to call family or friends, the picture gallery, messages, and phone keypad. This basic launcher gives your old smartphone a new purpose and caters to the elderly. [Download]
KIDOZ
There are also launchers that are geared towards kids such as KIDOZ. This app lets you set up and customize your smartphone with a kid-like aesthetic. On the one hand, your kids will have a smartphone that catches their eyes and provides them with their own “personal” and colorful space. On the other hand, it includes a parental control feature that gives you full control over how long they use their smartphone, the apps that they use and you can even block certain websites or video channels.
KIDOZ
KIDOZ’s aesthetics is super fun and eye-catching. Your kids can create their own avatars and access the games that are included in the launcher (no installation required). This is a really easy, appealing and eye-catching way to let your kids use their smartphones. The best part is that it’s also very safe and entertaining. Plus, you can create several accounts in case you want to use it with a tablet or your kids share one device. [Download]
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Roger Rabbit short films
The Roger Rabbit shorts are a series of three animated short films produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation from 1989 to 1993. They feature Roger Rabbit, the animated protagonist from Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988), being enlisted the task of caring for Baby Herman while his mother is absent, resulting in a plot defined by slapstick humor and visual gags. Each short concludes with a sequence involving live-action and animation, in which the characters interact with live-action human beings, akin to the 1988 film. Droopy Dog from MGM makes a cameo in all of the shorts.
Charles Fleischer, Kathleen Turner, Lou Hirsch, and April Winchell returned to reprise their voice roles from the film, alongside producers Steven Spielberg, Kathleen Kennedy, Frank Marshall, and Don Hahn. Marshall also directed the live-action segments in the first two shorts, while Industrial Light & Magic was responsible for the live-action visual effects. Produced in association with Spielberg's Amblin Entertainment, the three shorts (Tummy Trouble, Roller Coaster Rabbit and Trail Mix-Up) were originally attached to the theatrical releases of several Disney and Amblin films. A fourth short, Hare in My Soup, was cancelled during pre-production with three more (Clean and Oppressed, Beach Blanket Bay and Bronco Bustin' Bunny) in the planning stages also cancelled.
Plot
Roger is placed in charge of watching Baby Herman when his mother needs to step out for an hour; as soon as she leaves, Herman breaks into a heavy crying fit which Roger doesn't seem to be able to break until he pulls out a bright shiny rattle, which immediately garners Herman's attention. After a brief second of shaking it, Herman swallows the rattle, prompting Roger to scream and call 911 and to rush the baby to the emergency room. Roger is overcome with guilt when he visits, but quickly realizes Herman wants to drink from a milk bottle in the room; after Roger burps Herman, he hiccups the rattle, but finds, that in Roger's joyous celebration he accidentally swallows it, causing Baby Herman to become upset he lost his toy. Roger begins to dance, and has his hips rattling with the toy and giving Baby Herman some amusement, but is stunned when a doctor bursts in and mistakes Roger for Baby Herman and preps him for emergency surgery.
While Roger is gone, Herman spies Jessica (who is clad in a nurse outfit) pushing a cart of milk bottles and gives chase, eventually following a runaway milk bottle into the emergency room where Roger is strapped to the table while the surgeons had disappeared for a lunch break. Herman mistakes a large surgical laser for a bottle and climbs up onto it, nearly dissecting Roger in the process. The laser detaches itself from the ceiling and flings a table of scalpels and hypodermic needles at Roger, who avoids them, but is electrocuted in the process. The laser flies around the room and lodges itself under Roger's stretcher and sends him and Herman both ejecting from the emergency room and causing Roger to gag up the rattle, and when Baby Herman to again swallow it before crashing into a wheelchair, they then fly down the hall and into an open elevator shaft due to wet floors causing the wheelchair they landed on to skid out of control. Baby Herman's diaper parachutes him safely to a floor while Roger ends up getting crushed by an elevator where Droopy is in while trying to catch Herman. Eventually they end up in a room with piles of gas pumps which are ignited and send them the pair launching miles into the air. As they fall, Herman coughs up the rattle, and causes Roger to swallow it again. As they crash back into the hospital, Roger crashes through several floors before landing smack down on the receptionist floor in the hospital. As he recovers, Baby Herman lands on Roger, causing him to cough up the rattle again, finally ending their adventure. But when Roger's celebration is short lived when he sees the bill for their rampant destruction and faints that he didn't win again, Herman then crawls over to the rattle and as the screen fades to black there is a gulping sound as he again swallows the rattle.
During the end credits, however, Herman spits the rattle out, and angrily threatens more trouble if he has to swallow the rattle again. After attempting to cool Baby Herman down, Roger is greeted by Jessica who seductively suggests they go home and play a little patty cake, in which a love stricken Roger coos as they walk off.
Voice cast
* Charles Fleischer as Roger Rabbit
* Kathleen Turner as Jessica Rabbit
* Lou Hirsch as Baby Herman
* April Winchell as Mrs. Herman and Baby Herman's baby talk
* Richard Williams as Droopy
* Corey Burton as the surgeons
Live-action cast
* Sol Pavlovsky as Raoul J. Raoul
* Charles Noland and William Bronder as sign carriers
Production
Tummy Trouble was produced over the course of nine months by a staff of 70 Disney animators. It was the first animated short Disney had produced in 16 years to accompany the original release of a feature film, since Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too in 1974.
The short was released with Walt Disney Pictures' Honey, I Shrunk the Kids, theatrically and on that film's initial video release. An adaptation of this short appeared in the graphic novel Roger Rabbit: The Resurrection of Doom.
Plot
Roger Rabbit, Baby Herman and Mrs. Herman are at the local county fair. Mrs. Herman leaves to get her palm read by a fortune teller; she asks Roger to watch Baby Herman until she gets back. She also reminds him not to mess it up again. Roger reluctantly watches Baby Herman. Baby Herman loses his red balloon and bursts into tears when Roger goes to get him a new one. Before he returns, however, Baby Herman sees another red balloon at a dart game and goes to try to get it. When Roger comes back to give Baby Herman his balloon, he finds that he is gone, and sets off as the chase begins. First, Baby Herman finds himself following the balloon into a field occupied by a grazing bull. Roger soon follows the youngster and falls in bull dung. Baby Herman walks directly underneath the bull. He notices a round balloon-like object and grasps it; unknown to him, it is in fact the bull's scrotum. The grazing creature snaps. Roger picks up Baby Herman but just happens to be looking the bull in the eyes. The animal hurls Roger and Baby Herman into the air, sending them flying out of the field, and causing the two to land crashing into a roller coaster carriage which is traveling slowly up.
In the next stage of this short, the carriage continues to climb a tall hill in the track. The two reach the top of the drop which is exaggerated to reach beyond the clouds and into space. Roger looks down and sees the world. Moments later the carriage drops down thousands of meters. The speed of the drop is maintained throughout the remainder of the chase. After a few twist and turns (in the track) a shot of Jessica appears, where she is tied down to the tracks, unable to move. She calls out to be saved before Roger and Baby Herman's carriage crushes her. As the cart draws near, it topples over and fortunately bounces over Jessica, avoiding her completely. The camera moves along and beside her appears Droopy for a quick one-liner. The story then continues. Roger grasps onto Baby Herman, tumbling and losing their carriage, leaving Roger sliding along the tracks with his feet, gradually gaining friction causing his feet to catch fire. The tracks run into a dark tunnel and then stumbles across a 'wrong way sign'. Finally Herman and Roger crash through the sign and into a real-life filming studio, a direct reference to the reality/cartoon crossover in the feature film when Roger ruins the film and refuses to go back to do the whole scene again. As the credits finish rolling, Baby Herman says that he cannot take anymore of Roger as a woman gives him a balloon and he pops it with his cigar.
Voice cast
* Charles Fleischer as Roger Rabbit
* Kathleen Turner as Jessica Rabbit
* Lou Hirsch as Baby Herman
* April Winchell as Mrs. Herman and Baby Herman's baby talk
* Corey Burton as Droopy
* Frank Welker as the Bull
* Charlie Adler as the men's voiceovers (uncredited)
Live-action cast
* Damian London as Fritz
* Joni Barnes as secretary
* Jim Bracken as a cameraman
* Ancel Cook as a fireman
Production
Roller Coaster Rabbit (along with Trail Mix-Up) was produced at The Magic of Disney Animation located at Disney-MGM Studios in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. Rob Minkoff returned to direct the second short in the series.
Spielberg wanted the short to appear with Arachnophobia, Hollywood Pictures' first feature and a co-production between Disney and Amblin. However, CEO Michael Eisner opted to release the short with the US theatrical release of Touchstone Pictures' Dick Tracy, in hopes that the short would increase awareness to the film. Spielberg, who controlled a 50% ownership stake in the character, decided to cancel Hare in My Soup, the third short that had entered production.
Plot
The short features Roger Rabbit, Baby Herman and Mrs. Herman at the park setting up camp. Mrs. Herman plans to go hunting and leaves Roger in charge of watching Baby Herman. Trouble begins when Baby Herman wanders off into the dangers of the forest and Roger has to go and save him, leading to multiple calamities; such as Roger panicking at the sight of a caterpillar and spraying so much insecticide (named Mink-Off) that many trees die. Later, when Roger reads the nutrition on the box, Baby Herman follows a bee up to a beehive and goes to get some honey when Roger tries to save him. The beehive falls on Roger's head, causing him to get stung multiple times. The bees proceed to chase him, so Roger runs into a lake, where he panics at the sight of a shark's dorsal fin (which is actually controlled by Droopy).
Later, Baby Herman follows a beaver (mistaking him for a dog), and is followed by Roger, who chases after them. Baby Herman follows the beaver up a pile of logs, and is chased by Roger, who follows, only to have the log that Baby Herman and the beaver are on taken to the sawmill. This ends up with Roger being shredded by a sawmill (that of which the result is 13 tiny Rogers, which then join again into a regular-sized Roger, who follows Baby Herman (still following the beaver) onto a conveyor belt with logs). It ends up with the logs being thrown down a log flume, eventually landing in a river. The log, Roger, Baby Herman, and the beaver are on, crashes into a bear, who also ends up on the log. Then the four fall off a waterfall. Roger's head gets stuck in a twig sticking out of the waterfall, and when he catches Baby Herman (holding on to the beaver), the bear grabs onto Roger's legs. The combined weight rebounds, sending all four flying, landing on a large boulder.
The boulder proceeds to roll down a hill, knocking over a tree trunk (with the same sound effects as a bowling pin), and then flying off a cliff. Eventually, Roger, the bear, the log, the beaver, the boulder, and Baby Herman all land on top of Old Predictable Geyser in that order. Then, Old Predictable Geyser erupts, sending Roger, Herman, the Bear, the Beaver, the boulder and the log flying out of the studio, passing the Hollywood Sign. The group flies over half of the country all the way to Mount Rushmore and they end up crashing into the mountain, destroying all the carving of the presidents. Everyone is battered and beaten (except for Roger); as they walk away, Baby Herman yells at Roger for destroying a "national monument." Roger retorts that it's "not as if it's the end of the world," but then sticks a US flag (made of his clothes) in the ground which punctures the Earth, making it deflate and blow away like a balloon.
Cast
* Charles Fleischer as Roger Rabbit
* Kathleen Turner as Jessica Rabbit
* Lou Hirsch as Baby Herman
* April Winchell as Mrs. Herman and Baby Herman's baby talk
* Corey Burton as Droopy
* Frank Welker as the Bear and Beaver
Additional cast
* Alice Playten as the Bee
* John Kassir as Mount Rushmore
Production
Trail Mix-Up was directed by Barry Cook, instead of Rob Minkoff, who remained as a co-executive producer. Trail Mix-Up was the third and last Roger Rabbit short, and was again produced by Disney's Florida studio. Unlike the two previous shorts, the animation (still traditionally hand-drawn on paper) and compositing was done digitally in the studio's CAPS system.
The short was released theatrically with Disney/Amblin's A Far Off Place on March 12, 1993.
Home media
In 1995, a VHS tape of the three shorts was released under the title It's Roger Rabbit, bundled with Who Framed Roger Rabbit. A nearly identical video was released by itself in 1996 under the title Disney and Steven Spielberg present The Best of Roger Rabbit. The three shorts are also included in the 2003 special edition "Vista Series" DVD of Who Framed Roger Rabbit. On March 12, 2013, Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment remastered and reissued all three shorts as part of the 25th anniversary Blu-ray release of Who Framed Roger Rabbit. All three shorts are available to stream on Disney+ as separate shorts; Tummy Trouble and "Trail Mix-up" are standalone listings and Roller Coaster Rabbit as an extra for the original film. | WIKI |
Saborsko
Saborsko is a village and municipality in Karlovac County, Croatia. The municipality is part of the Lika region.
Geography
It is country-side mountain resort, situated in a curved, long and narrow valley. The altitude of the place is 630–900 m. 1 / 4 of the Saborsko is located in National Park Plitvice Lakes.
Demographics
In the 2011 census, the total municipality population was 632, in the following settlements:
* Begovac, population 16
* Blata, population 54
* Lička Jesenica, population 100
* Saborsko, population 462
In the 2001 census, the municipality of Saborsko had 860 inhabitants, of whom 78.5% (675) were Croats and 19.19% (165) were ethnic Serbs.
Saborsko inhabited place:
* 2001 - 666
* 1991 - 852 (Croats - 800 Serbs - 18, other - 34)
* 1981 - 1127 (Croats - 1081, Serbs - 38, Yugoslavs - 4, others - 4)
* 1971 - 1,519 (Croats - 1476, Serbs - 34, Yugoslavs - 1, other - 8)
* 1961 - 1832
* 1951 - 2062
* 1948 - 2165
History
Saborsko is first mentioned in the Modruš Feudal Law in 1486.
In World War II, the Chetniks killed 48 civilians in Saborsko, including seven boys and girls.
In the Croatian War of Independence, Croatian troops defended Saborsko for several months until falling in November 1991, after the JNA and nearly 1000 members of paramilitary groups broke the defences, armed with nine military aircraft, 43 tanks, howitzers and a dozen MRL's. The assault destroyed several homes and the Parish Church. The Yugoslav forces executed the Saborsko massacre, in which 29 civilians were killed. A total of 48 citizens of Saborsko were killed in 1991.
The rate at which refugees returned after the war was slow, due to the lack of housing, jobs, and the danger of mines. At first, only the elderly people returned. The Croatian Government began the rebuilding of family homes and common buildings, including the Parish Church. Even so, few families have returned, especially those with children.
Nature
The richness and beauty of Saborsko is most evident in the virgin forest mountain nature. The area abounds with mountain streams, lakes, dense forests and unspoiled countless species of wildlife. To be preserved further, many areas of the municipality Saborsko are protected.
* Mala Kapela mountain
* Lake Blata
* River Jesenica
Protected areas
* Part of the National Park Plitvice Lakes
* Čorkova uvala
Monuments and landmarks
* The old parish church from 1726, worldwide cultural heritage monument.
* The parish church of St. John Nepomuk built in 2001
* Monument to the fallen Croatian soldiers | WIKI |
Eschewing the traditional rod and reel, spear fishermen dive about 40 feet under brown-green water to capture bass, porgies and triggerfish.
On Rockaway Reef, Taking Dinner to Go, on the Point of a Spear
Aboard a vessel known as the Spearboat on a recent Monday afternoon, the squeak of rubber fins on a fiberglass floor mixed with the wheeze of divers taking in big gulps of air. Tanned hands rubbed diluted hair conditioner onto the inside of neoprene suits. The boat’s captain, a steely Russian immigrant named Yuri Krainov, eyes striped by sunglass tan lines, quieted the engine as he steered toward a spot over the artificial Rockaway Reef, in the waters near Breezy Point. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Talk:Historiography of the Gaspee affair
Dr. Horne's work on the Gaspee
Dr. Horne's writing on the Gaspee in his "The Counter-Revolution of 1776" gets almost nothing right in terms of basic facts about the Gaspee, and possibly plagiarizes Bartlett writing about an entirely different incident. The relevant passage in Horne's work is:
A climax was reached on 10 June 1772 in the wee hours of the morning, when a brig arriving from Africa, the Gaspee, entered Newport and was boarded by officers of the Crown. In response a mob of about five hundred male settlers rioted, burning the British ship.
The Gaspee was not a brig, it was at Narragansett Bay not Newport, it was not arriving from Africa, and it was not boarded by officers of the Crown but by Patriots who destroyed it. Dr. Horne does not provide a single citation here despite vastly differing with all common knowledge on the Gaspee. The passage of Bartlett's "A History of the Destruction of His Britannic Majesty's Schooner Gaspee" (which ironically is also accused of plagiarism) which seems to be where all of these errors, and in some cases exact phrasing, is:
Other ships of the royal navy, which visited Newport, also had difficulties with the people there, all of which tended to arouse them, and lead to some measures of retaliation. The climax was reached, when a brig from Africa, entering the port, was boarded by the officers from the Maidstone, and her entire crew pressed into the naval service. The same night, a mob of about five hundred men and boys, exasperated by the affair, seized one of the boats belonging to the Maidstone, which lay at the wharf, pulled her on shore, and after dragging her through the streets to the Common, in front of the court house, burnt her, amid the shouts of an immense crowd, which the occasion had brought together.
Given all this, I've removed the passage from the article referring to Dr. Horne's work on the Gaspee. -- Satanic Santa 15:25, 6 July 2021 (UTC) | WIKI |
Description
If user lock assets with Japanese comments outside source control, XML acquired in svn status may contain Japanese strings, and XML parsing may fail and become NotControlled.
This issue does not occur on English OS. I received a report from a licensee who is using Japanese OS.
The following is the cause of this issue and the correction code. This issue is using FUTF8ToTCHAR inside a loop. This fix resolves a issue that occurred with licensees. I'd like to you to incorporate it by all means.
bool FWindowsPlatformProcess::ExecProcess(...)
{
...
if (hStdOutRead != NULL)
{
// BEGIN BUGFIX
#if 1
TArray<uint8> StdOutBuffer, StdErrBuffer;
FProcHandle ProcHandle(ProcInfo.hProcess);
do
{
if (hStdOutRead && OutStdOut)
{
TArray<uint8> Buffer;
ReadPipeToArray(hStdOutRead, Buffer);
StdOutBuffer.Append(Buffer);
}
if (hStdErrRead && OutStdErr)
{
TArray<uint8> Buffer;
ReadPipeToArray(hStdErrRead, Buffer);
StdErrBuffer.Append(Buffer);
}
FPlatformProcess::Sleep(0);
} while (IsProcRunning(ProcHandle));
if (hStdOutRead && OutStdOut)
{
TArray<uint8> Buffer;
ReadPipeToArray(hStdOutRead, Buffer);
StdOutBuffer.Append(Buffer);
StdOutBuffer.Add('\0');
*OutStdOut = FUTF8ToTCHAR((const ANSICHAR*)StdOutBuffer.GetData()).Get();
}
if (hStdErrRead && OutStdErr)
{
TArray<uint8> Buffer;
ReadPipeToArray(hStdErrRead, Buffer);
StdErrBuffer.Append(Buffer);
StdErrBuffer.Add('\0');
*OutStdErr = FUTF8ToTCHAR((const ANSICHAR*)StdErrBuffer.GetData()).Get();
}
#else
HANDLE ReadablePipes[2] = { hStdOutRead, hStdErrRead };
FString* OutStrings[2] = { OutStdOut, OutStdErr };
FProcHandle ProcHandle(ProcInfo.hProcess);
do
{
ReadFromPipes(OutStrings, ReadablePipes, 2);
FPlatformProcess::Sleep(0);
} while (IsProcRunning(ProcHandle));
ReadFromPipes(OutStrings, ReadablePipes, 2);
#endif
// END BUGFIX
}
else
{
::WaitForSingleObject(ProcInfo.hProcess, INFINITE);
}
...
}
Steps to Reproduce
1. Lock assets with Japanese comments outside source control ( ex. explorer of windows)
2. Open project
3. the locked asset's status may become NotControlled
Have Comments or More Details?
There's no existing public thread on this issue, so head over toAnswerHub just mention UE-76809 in the post.
0
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Fixed
ComponentCore
Affects Versions4.20.34.21.2
Target Fix4.24
Fix Commit7275613
CreatedJun 28, 2019
ResolvedJul 11, 2019
UpdatedJul 11, 2019 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The Relationship Between Health And Health
Subscribing to a health and fitness blog can be among the finest issues you can do to help you in studying what’s going on within the health world. Exercising the body can assist within the improvement of organ functioning and the blood circulation in the body. Doing cardio exercises will help construct a stronger heart. Discover a routine that gets the blood pumping without overextending the body in physical exercise. Tackling every day brain exercises helps help mental wellness, while practising yoga or other mixtures of psychological and bodily activities can help promote a better perspective in direction of weight reduction.
three. People are able to undertake a more healthy habits to reduce the danger of diseases being spread amongst themselves. Keeping issues cleaner round the house, opting to minimize or quit smoking altogether, or exercising extra are just a few of the many alternative ways taught in public well being schooling to combat illness and enhance one’s way of life. Whereas attending certainly one of many nutrition colleges, individuals will learn how to adequately address biochemical makeup of every consumer and the right way to create individualized health regimens applying proper weight-reduction plan, complement and specific lifestyle suggestions.
It normally takes at the least six weeks for the bones to heal. Your doctor will probably ask you to maintain weight off the ankle throughout that point so the bones can heal in the correct alignment. Ligaments and tendons can take longer to heal after a fracture is totally mended. It may well take so long as two years to completely recover full painfree movement and energy after an ankle fracture, though most individuals are capable of resume their normal every day routine inside three to four months. For a begin you will need to seek the advice of with a coach or a health care provider about your regime, about your health program. It’s required you have got that type of program that may fit your work schedule and your well being status. It might be better for those who find a private coach who can monitor your workout routines and offer you useful advises. All people wants professional help, even famous athletes do.
We will deal with an business that has completely exploded – and is anticipated to proceed to grow for years to return – the Well being and Wellness Business. Trade. Individuals who have change into concerned in this business are discovering it Extremely Lucrative and are poised to do fairly nicely financially sooner or later. By higher, we imply incorporating more healthful choices into your diets that you simply’re most likely not getting enough of. You need to be sure to’re consuming plenty of veggies, fruits, and other plant-primarily based foods Most would in all probability profit from extra omega rich fatty fish consumption as properly.
Carbohydrate is gasoline for the body and mind and comes in three varieties: simple carbohydrate, complicated carbohydrate, and fiber. Simple carbohydrate is further divisible into monosaccharides, which include just one type of sugar—equivalent to glucose (blood sugar), fructose (fruit sugar), and galactose (milk sugar)—and disaccharides, which are made up of glucose mixed with another sugar. The three major disaccharides are maltose, lactose, and sucrose; what most individuals mean by sugar. Advanced carbohydrate, or starch, is a polysaccharide, which accommodates lengthy chains of glucose molecules bonded together. Because the physique should break these bonds to launch the chemical energy saved in them, complex carbohydrate takes longer to digest and therefore permits for a more sustained power launch than simple carbohydrate does. In some instances these bonds can’t be broken down by human digestion, as is the case with fiber. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
List of accolades and awards received by Ingmar Bergman
Ingmar Bergman (14 July 1918 – 30 July 2007) was a Swedish director, writer, and producer who worked in film, television, theatre and radio. He is recognized as one of the most accomplished and influential filmmakers of all time, and is well known for films such as The Seventh Seal (1957), Wild Strawberries (1957), Persona (1966), Cries and Whispers (1972), and Fanny and Alexander (1982).
Bergman directed over sixty films and documentaries for cinematic release and for television, most of which he also wrote. He also directed over 170 plays. From 1953, he forged a powerful creative partnership with his full-time cinematographer Sven Nykvist. Among his company of actors were Harriet and Bibi Andersson, Liv Ullmann, Gunnar Björnstrand, Erland Josephson, Ingrid Thulin and Max von Sydow. Most of his films were set in Sweden, and numerous films from Through a Glass Darkly (1961) onward were filmed on the island of Fårö. His work often deals with death, illness, faith, betrayal, bleakness and insanity.
Philip French referred to Bergman as among the greatest artists of the 20th century. Mick LaSalle compared Bergman's significance in film to that of Virginia Woolf and James Joyce in literature.
List of accolades
Terrence Rafferty of The New York Times wrote that throughout the 1960s, when Bergman "was considered pretty much the last word in cinematic profundity, his every tic was scrupulously pored over, analyzed, elaborated in ingenious arguments about identity, the nature of film, the fate of the artist in the modern world and so on." Many filmmakers have praised Bergman and some have also cited his work as an influence on their own:
* Andrei Tarkovsky held Bergman in very high regard, noting him and Robert Bresson as his two favourite filmmakers, stating: "I am only interested in the views of two people: one is called Bresson and one called Bergman." Such was Bergman's influence, Tarkovsky's last film was made in Sweden with Sven Nykvist, Bergman's longtime cinematographer, and several of Bergman's favoured actors including Erland Josephson. Bergman likewise had great respect for Tarkovsky, stating: "Tarkovsky for me is the greatest director."
* Alejandro González Iñárritu while entering the Berg-man compound (Bergman's house) on the remote island of Fårö for a documentary called Trespassing Bergman stated "If cinema was a religion, this would be Mecca, the Vatican. This is the center of it all."
* Bertrand Tavernier stated: "Bergman was the first to bring metaphysics — religion, death, existentialism — to the screen ... but the best of Bergman is the way he speaks of women, of the relationship between men and women. He's like a miner digging in search of purity."
* Nuri Bilge Ceylan
* Steven Soderbergh
* David Lynch
* Wes Craven
* Pedro Almodóvar
* Jean-Luc Godard
* Robert Altman
* Adoor Gopalakrishnan
* Olivier Assayas
* Francis Ford Coppola stated: "My all-time favorite because he embodies passion, emotion and has warmth."
* Guillermo del Toro said: "Bergman as a fabulist — my favorite — is absolutely mesmerizing."
* Asghar Farhadi
* Todd Field stated: "He was our tunnel man building the aqueducts of our cinematic collective unconscious."
* Federico Fellini said: "I have a profound admiration for him (Bergman) and for his work, even though I haven't seen all of his films. First of all, he is a master of his métier. Secondly, he is able to make things mysterious, compelling, colorful and, at times, repulsive."
* Woody Allen has referred to Bergman as "probably the greatest film artist, all things considered, since the invention of the motion picture camera". He said, "For me it was Wild Strawberries. Then The Seventh Seal and The Magician. That whole group of films that came out then told us that Bergman was a magical filmmaker. There had never been anything like it, this combination of intellectual artist and film technician. His technique was sensational." Allen has credited Bergman with inventing "a film vocabulary that suited what he wanted to say, that had never really been done before. He'd put the camera on one person's face close and leave it there, and just leave it there and leave it there. It was the opposite of what you learned to do in film school, but it was enormously effective and entertaining."
* Krzysztof Kieślowski stated: "This man is one of the few film directors — perhaps the only one in the world — to have said as much about human nature as Dostoyevsky or Camus."
* Stanley Kubrick stated: "I believe Ingmar Bergman, Vittorio De Sica and Federico Fellini are the only three filmmakers in the world who are not just artistic opportunists. By this I mean they don't just sit and wait for a good story to come along and then make it. They have a point of view which is expressed over and over and over again in their films, and they themselves write or have original material written for them." Kubrick praised Bergman as "The Greatest film-maker, unsurpassed by anyone in the creation of mood and atmosphere, the subtlety of performance, the avoidance of the obvious, the truthfulness and completeness of characterization."
* Ang Lee stated: "For me the filmmaker Bergman is the greatest performer of all...", "He (Bergman) is like God to me. I will take inspiration. I won't dare to imitate"
* François Ozon
* Park Chan-wook
* Éric Rohmer stated: "The Seventh Seal is the most beautiful film ever."
* Marjane Satrapi
* Mamoru Oshii
* Paul Schrader stated: "I would not have made any of my films or written scripts such as Taxi Driver had it not been for Ingmar Bergman. What he has left is a legacy greater than any other director. I think the extraordinary thing that Bergman will be remembered for, other than his body of work, was that he probably did more than anyone to make cinema a medium of personal and introspective value."
* Martin Scorsese said: "I guess I'd put it like this: if you were alive in the '50s and the '60s and of a certain age, a teenager on your way to becoming an adult, and you wanted to make films, I don't see how you couldn't be influenced by Bergman. You would have had to make a conscious effort, and even then, the influence would have snuck through."
* Steven Spielberg stated: "His love for the cinema almost gives me a guilty conscience."
* Satyajit Ray stated: "I have great admiration for Bergman...It's Bergman whom I continue to be fascinated by. I think he's remarkable. I envy his stock company, because given actors like that one could do extraordinary things."
* André Téchiné
* Liv Ullmann
* Lars von Trier, in reference to having once sent Bergman a letter, jokingly said, "I have seen all his movies, he is a great source of inspiration to me. He was like a father to me. But he treated me in the same way he treated all his children. No interest whatsoever!"
Legacy accolades in popular culture
A Bergman-themed parody spoofs the allegory of cheating death (Bergman's The Seventh Seal) in the sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live season 1 (ep. 23, 24 July 1976). The sketch, titled "Swedish Movie", is somberly narrated in the third-person by a Swedish-speaking Death (Tom Schiller) with English subtitles scrolling. The baleful voice-over dialogue, revealed to be emanating from the apparition of Death personified, imposes upon dreamily preoccupied lovers Sven (Chevy Chase) and Inger (Louise Lasser) who send a not-so-silently jeering Death out for pizza.
Monty Python's The Meaning of Life includes a sketch based on The Seventh Seal in which middle-class weekenders at an isolated farmhouse are visited by The Grim Reaper.
A television spoof of Persona appeared in an episode of the Canadian comedy series SCTV in the late 1970s. SCTV later aired another Bergman parody, this time of Scenes From A Marriage that featured actor Martin Short portraying comedian Jerry Lewis as the star of a fictional Bergman film called Scenes From An Idiot's Marriage.
Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey includes a further spoof on the theme of playing games with Death from Bergman's The Seventh Seal. Bill and Ted are set to play a game with Death. Rather than chess, they play checkers. When Bill and Ted win, Death challenges them to a best of three match, wherein they play Battleship and other games from popular culture.
The Muppets franchise had a spoof of Bergman's style in a segment entitled "Silent Strawberries" from the TV special, The Muppets Go to the Movies.
In Season 2 Episode 2 of Welcome to Sweden, Jason Priestley asks to meet Ingmar Bergman.
Directed Academy Award performances
Bergman directed two Oscar nominated performances.
Academy Awards
In 1971, Bergman received the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award at the Academy Awards ceremony. Three of his films won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. The list of his nominations and awards follows:
Berlin Film Festival
* Won: Golden Bear for Best Film, Wild Strawberries (Smultronstället), 1957
* Won: FIPRESCI Prize, Wild Strawberries, 1957
* Nominated: Golden Bear for Best Film, Through a Glass Darkly (Såsom i en spegel), 1961
* Won: OCIC Prize, Through a Glass Darkly, 1961
Other awards and honours
* Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1961
* Erasmus Prize, 1965
* The Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize, 1995
* Career Golden Lion at Venice Film Festival, 1971
* Goethe Prize, 1976
* Commandeur de la Légion d’honneur, 1985
* BAFTA Fellowship, 1988
* Japan Art Association's Praemium Imperiale, 1991
* On 6 April 2011, the Bank of Sweden announced that Bergman's portrait is featured on the new 200 kronor banknote, which was issued in 2015.
Exhibitions
* Ingmar Bergman.The Image Maker, Multimedia Art Museum, Moscow, 2012
* Ingmar Bergman: The Man Who Asked Hard Questions, Multimedia Art Museum, Moscow, 2012 | WIKI |
A Web Page Complete Of Medicine And Wellness Trivia Queries And Answers
Twilight is a extremely well-liked franchise that has taken the planet by storm. To throw the greatest Twilight topic party achievable consist of entertaining online games enthusiasts of Twilight can perform.
Cucumbers are fantastic snacks by on their own. They are refreshing due to the fact they have ninety six per cent drinking water and ought to be taken together on sizzling days to replenish physique drinking water missing during perspiration.
Who was the very first president to throw out a ceremonial very first pitch at a main league baseball match? The honor goes to our twenty seventh president, William Howard Taft. He began the tradition at the 1910 property opener of the Washington Senators.
Twilight Puzzles. To Make Twilight puzzles print photographs or use Twilight posters from the a variety of videos and minimize out squares. Glue the squares to thicker sheets of paper, building paper, card inventory, or cardboard. Blend about the photographs on a big table. On go, teams or individuals with a single poster every single, have to assemble the photographs as quick as achievable once again.
Don’t be afraid to be uncool ample to drag together a young or more mature acquaintance to a trivia night time. Folks from distinct generations have a vastly distinct understanding foundation, that can make all the difference.
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The festivities will consist of a single totally free consume for every person from the Garage Beer list, consume specials from 5 p.m. until finally 7 p.m., totally free appetizers, an added totally free consume for anyone who presents a ticket from New Theatre’s creation of Wintertime, and the ability to participate in the Filling Station’s Guess the gif answers on New Theatre’s team for $5. If New Theatre’s team wins, every single team member will be awarded a comp ticket to a single of the subsequent two exhibits.
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You’re most likely acquiring the idea that these trivia auto online games aren’t specifically competitive by nature (in that maintaining score is not a large element of the match, or even existing) but they’re all difficult in their very own way, simple, and entertaining!
Windows Vps Why Do You Require Vps Internet Hosting Or A Home Windows Virtual Server?
Creating a internet site has grow to be really straightforward over the years, and you can make any internet site that you want, whether it is a uncomplicated Word push blog, a discussion board or an ecommerce website for offering merchandise, with relieve. You can construct a internet site from scratch using the rating languages like HTML, XHTML, XML and many others., or use a straightforward C.M.S. and begin with your internet site proper away.
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A VPS or a Digital Non-public Server is manufactured by generating a virtual partition between servers which share the same physical server. Although they are all on the same server, they even now have their very own functioning method. Digital Server is of two kinds – one particular based mostly on Windows and the other on Linux. Windows VPS or Windows Digital Server is frequent of the two because of the different rewards it gives.
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Looking at user feed back again this is very good about the provider itself and the help. You do see some damaging feedback but presented the dimensions of the organization it would be very shocking if this ended up not the scenario.
How To Uncover Litigation Law Employment
I effectively challenged 3 Texas wrongful foreclosures in 2011, so with 2012 upon us, and a quantity of wrongful foreclosure instances making their way by way of the courts, enable’s get a search at 3 common components to a successful borrower obstacle to a wrongful foreclosure.
While it would be easy adequate to decide on a divorce law firm out of the Yellow Internet pages, it isn’t essentially the ideal way to go about it. You don’t want to pull out a main financial loan to employ the ideal in the business, but you must get an legal professional who has a solid popularity in your group. This means searching to other people for their suggestions. If you have any close friends or co-staff who have absent by way of this scenario lately, you may possibly inquire their suggestions on who to decide on. Of program, this type of scenario is usually at minimum fairly sensitive in character, so be watchful with your wording.
For a lot more data: Dan Jaffe is a DUI Lawyer and legal commentator. He blogs at DUI Regulation Blog, and can be reached for queries or remarks at 480-951-3200.
When accused of a visitors crime, it is time to try out and locate a felony law firm to help you with your circumstance. If you have not seemed into getting an legal professional in the previous, then you might be forced to do so. Hopefully you will have deemed life’s possibilities and planned ahead adequate to at minimum have an idea of the Chicago legal recruiter in the area.
A capable Long Island divorce law firm can help you go by way of these troubles correctly and efficiently. If you’re but to find out your legal professional, the pursuing tips could be helpful.
Keep in brain that even the ideal, most capable dentists are nonetheless human and can make blunders. But if you at any time have one thing unfortunate come about to you in which your only recourse is a regulation suit, health care/dental malpractice is virtually impossible to get until they did one thing horrific to you that triggered everlasting harm. It’s significantly simpler to devote a minor added time undertaking your homework and investigation prior to you decide on a new dentist. The exact same goes for doctors way too.
The Normal Way To Offer With Zits
Having youngsters in the home will assure you of a circumstance or two of zits. My three girls all had problems at 1 time or the other with breakouts. They had been devoted end users of Clearasil and other merchandise that assist to distinct zits and pace up the therapeutic approach. One of the merchandise that they ended up turning to for bad breakouts was The Entire body Shop Tea Tree Oil. It is a organic product with antiseptic traits that aided distinct up more extreme zits breakouts and control the oiliness.
Get out of your sweaty workout garments as shortly as possible. Sweaty workout garments trigger the body to be uncovered to a moist atmosphere. When such an atmosphere is existing in the l region, the outcome can be a distressing and not comfortable fungal an infection. Bring a modify of garments to the gym, and modify as shortly as you are able to.
Keep monitor of the things that you eat. One of the greatest culprits for breakouts is junk foods. You ought to attempt to eat a more well balanced diet program, consisting of fruits and veggies. Deciding on healthier options gives you the vitamins and minerals that promote healthier pores and skin, and they also maintain your body working at its greatest.
Take equal amounts of lavender oil and melaleuca, and mix them collectively. Now put this mixture on a piece of cotton and dab it onto the affected nail. This cure is extremely efficient as melaleuca plant has antibiotic homes while lavender oil is a organic antiseptic. Repeat this cure at minimum two to three occasions in a day. This is 1 of the most efficient cure amongst a lot of other residence remedies for nail fungus.
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Before going the inside zits treatment method route, attempt a blend of the previously mentioned pointed out organic merchandise, with vitamin B5. Modest amounts of B5 won’t do the trick so make positive you do analysis on the approaches to use it properly.
There are a lot of other utilizes of tea tree oil beside for managing anti-fungal pores and skin problems such as disc cleanser, space disinfections, and odor terminator.
If you utilize lotions in the morning just before you slip on your spring and summertime sandals, you could be in for a large mess. Lotions and creams could trigger filth and sand to adhere to toes and dry them more. Deep moisturizing each night is the greatest approach. Dampness is locked in at night for all day security without the sticky mess.
I find that it is extremely essential to be informed of infections and to know what the signs and symptoms of yeast an infection in ladies are. You by no means know when they will take place and it’s good to know that you will now recognize the symptoms and be able to get it handled proper absent. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Ingesting Multiple Tables with the Same Name from Different Datasets in UI BigQuery
Original Slack Thread
Hello everyone,
During UI BigQuery ingestion we’ve noticed that if we have multiple tables with same names but in different datasets, only the table from the last dataset will be ingested.
We have configured our ingestion recipe to allow specific datasets and we are running a single ingestion for the whole project.
Is there a configuration option that we are missing? The ingestion recipe is in the :thread:
Should we consider having separate ingestion recipes? We have a single ingestion for Hive and it ingests the data to separate databases.
We are using Datahub v0.12.1
Ingestion recipe:
config:
credential:
client_email: 'client_email'
client_id: 'client_id'
private_key: '${bq_private_key}'
private_key_id: '${bq_private_key_id}'
project_id: 'project_id'
dataset_pattern:
allow:
- ^dataset_1$
- ^dataset_2$
include_table_lineage: true
include_tables: true
include_usage_statistics: true
include_views: true
column_limit: 1000
profiling:
enabled: false
stateful_ingestion:
enabled: true
table_pattern:
deny:
- '.*table_1.*'
- '.*_table_2$'
type: bigquery```
Hey there! :wave: Make sure your message includes the following information if relevant, so we can help more effectively!
1. Are you using UI or CLI for ingestion?
2. Which DataHub version are you using? (e.g. 0.12.0)
3. What data source(s) are you integrating with DataHub? (e.g. BigQuery)
you should see tables to be organized in this pattern in their URNs - project_id.dataset_name.table_name
Take a look at the URN of the dataset you’re seeing by hitting the share button on that page and say “copy URN”. Is there a dataset name there?
You might try using a CLI get of the URN you’re not seeing
I only see one table from the last ingested dataset. For example if dataset_1 and dataset_2 contain the table test_table, I only see this:
project_id.dataset_2.test_table
I was able to debug this. The issues was that the table that was missing had a type CLONE and in the BigQuery ingestion queries.py the query for fetching metadata considers only BASE TABLE and EXTERNAL.
Does it makes sense to add a filter for table types? I’ve noticed that Snowflake queries has the same condition. If it does, I can create a Feature request.
<@U04G3HGFB88> you mean on Snowflake CLONEd tables are not filtered out?
I think it makes sense to not filter out cloned tables, especially if it is not filtered out on Snowflake
Sorry for the confusion. I was talking about BigQuery ingestion, but noticed the same principle in Snowflake ingestion.
Basicaly, cloned BigQuery tables are filtered out per this https://github.com/datahub-project/datahub/blob/e4bc915c78b83f8f85a27d74696719db7f9e2e9b/metadata-ingestion/src/datahub/ingestion/source/bigquery_v2/queries.py#L77|line. Would it make sense to enable user to include different table types, other than BASE and EXTERNAL? | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:John Tufton, 4th Earl of Thanet
}
Dispute re dob
Accrding to Leigh Rayment's earls page - (7 Aug 1638 - 27 Apr 1680) and its Steyning MPs' page (died after 1681) Boleyn (talk) 20:07, 31 October 2010 (UTC)
* History of Parliament seems fairly convinced that the Steyning MP was not the Earl; he held the seat until January 1681, a year and a bit after the Earl succeeded his father in the title. I've removed the references from here. Andrew Gray (talk) 13:02, 6 November 2017 (UTC) | WIKI |
Episcopal Diocese of New Jersey
The Episcopal Diocese of New Jersey forms part of Province II of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. It is made up of the southern and central New Jersey counties of Union, Middlesex, Somerset, Hunterdon, Mercer, Monmouth, Ocean, Burlington, Camden, Atlantic, Gloucester, Salem, Cumberland, and Cape May. It is the second oldest of the nine original Dioceses of the Episcopal Church. Services began in 1685 at St. Peter's, Perth Amboy, the oldest parish in the diocese. The diocese itself was founded in 1785.
The diocese originally included all of the state of New Jersey, but was divided in 1874, when the northern third of the state split off to form the Diocese of Northern New Jersey, which was later renamed to become the Diocese of Newark. The Diocese of New Jersey has the sixth-largest number of parishes in the Episcopal Church, and the eighth-largest number of baptized communicants. It has a reputation for broad ethnic and socio-economic diversity.
The Diocese of New Jersey currently has a total of 141 congregations. The diocese is under the jurisdiction of Sally French, Bishop of New Jersey, whose seat is at Trinity Cathedral, Trenton. The largest parish in the diocese is Trinity Church, Princeton.
The diocese had 53,000 members in 2003 and 43,000 in 2013. It reported 41,662 members in 2015.
Trinity Cathedral
The cathedral of the diocese has been Trinity Cathedral in Trenton since 1931, following the mergers of Trinity Church and All Saints' Churches in 1930. It is currently located on West St. Street in the location of the former All Saints', Trenton. Earlier pro-cathedrals have included Christ Church, New Brunswick, Saint Mary's, Burlington, and Christ Church, Trenton.
Diocesan House, which holds the administrative offices of the diocese sits across the street in a converted Victorian home and adjacent casino built in 1912 and 1927 respectively. The buildings were bought by the diocese in 1943.
Bishops of New Jersey
* John Croes, 1815–1832 (1st Bishop of New Jersey)
* George Washington Doane, 1832–1859 (2nd Bishop of New Jersey)
* William Henry Odenheimer, 1859–1874 (3rd Bishop of New Jersey and 1st Bishop of Newark)
* John Scarborough, 1875–1914 (4th Bishop of New Jersey)
* Paul Matthews, 1915–1937 (5th Bishop of New Jersey)
* Albion W. Knight, Coadjutor, 1923–1935
* Ralph Ernest Urban, Suffragan, 1932–1935
* Wallace John Gardner, 1937–1954 (6th Bishop of New Jersey)
* Alfred L. Banyard, 1955–1973 (7th Bishop of New Jersey)
* Albert W. Van Duzer, 1973–1982 (8th Bishop of New Jersey)
* G. P. Mellick Belshaw, 1983–1994 (9th Bishop of New Jersey)
* Joe Morris Doss, 1995–2001 (10th Bishop of New Jersey)
* George Edward Councell, 2003–2013 (11th Bishop of New Jersey)
* William H. Stokes, 2013–2023 (12th Bishop of New Jersey)
* Sally French, 2023–present (13th Bishop of New Jersey) | WIKI |
User:Tatakoxq
anastasia (born October 13, 1991) better known mononymously as tata is a Chinese-indonesian. | WIKI |
EU should offer UK 'equivalence' on financial services: UK's Javid
LONDON (Reuters) - The European Union should continue to recognize Britain’s financial services industry as meeting equivalent regulatory standards when a Brexit transition period ends next year, finance minister Sajid Javid said on Tuesday. “On day one we will have exactly the same rules,” Javid said in parliament, after a lawmaker asked him if it would be reasonable for the EU to grant Britain’s insurance industry less access than Bermuda’s. “As we forge a new relationship with our European friends, financial services will be a key part of it,” he added. Earlier on Tuesday, Javid wrote in the City A.M. newspaper that he wanted a durable relationship over financial services that would last for decades to come. Reporting by David Milliken; Editing by Alex Richardson | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
0
I remote login into my Pi using TightVNC Viewer. Now I can see Pi GUI. But when I do raspistill -o 0.jpg I can't see the display of the picamera on my TightVNC Viewer's window?
What I want is that while I am recording from my picamera I should be able to see the stream of camera at a remote desktop viewer's(like VNC) screen. One way of doing that is using a webserver but that seems overkill. Is there a any other way?
I read that Camera is laid onto HDMI monitor as a separate entity not a part of Desktop. Can I make the camera to stream to TightVNC viewer's window?
• 1
Do you mean that you cannot see the direct output of the camera? If you just save a picture, you must open it, of course... Earlier I also tried to see camera stream on vnc, but it was always a direct communication with videocard, vnc did not transfer that... – jaromrax May 15 '15 at 11:03
• I know webserver way of streaming but I am asking is there any similar way? Like I remote desktop on pi using VNC and see what camera is recording? I am not asking you to do my job. – Coderaemon May 15 '15 at 11:10
• @jaromrax If you use raspistill -o foo.jpg directly on the pi with a monitor plugged in, it does display the camera stream for a few seconds. I'd guess this is a trick manipulating the GPU though, which is probably why it would not come through w/ VNC. – goldilocks May 15 '15 at 11:16
• 1
Indeed; the camera's preview is rendered by the GPU onto the video output directly. Neither the X server (nor frankly anything running on the CPU as opposed to the GPU) ever sees the preview, so there's no way to transmit it via VNC. Even if there was, VNC (and its compression) is optimized for largely static desktops - the bandwidth for full video would be awful. So no: if you want a video preview on another machine you need to look at proper streaming solutions - you won't get there through VNC. – Dave Jones May 15 '15 at 17:37
• @DaveJones so none of the remote desktop clients will work? One solution I found elinux.org/RPi-Cam-Web-Interface works okay. Is there any other solution you know of? – Coderaemon May 16 '15 at 5:33
3
You cannot display the preview image via VNC. VNC only relays the display information from the X server.
The preview image is displayed by directly manipulating the GPU overlaying the preview on top of what ever is currently displayed (that's why it works in the text console too). This bypasses the X server and thus VNC.
• So none of the Remote Desktop clients will work? One Streaming solution I found elinux.org/RPi-Cam-Web-Interface works okay. Is there any other solution you know of? – Coderaemon May 16 '15 at 5:31
• There are several options for streaming the captured video but there is no way to remotely view the live preview. – Craig May 18 '15 at 16:21
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Page:Works of Jules Verne - Parke - Vol 2.djvu/124
Conceive my horror and stupefaction!—I was treading a hard, dusty, shingly road of granite. The stream on which I reckoned had wholly disappeared!
words in any human language can depict my utter despair. I was literally buried alive; with no other expectation before me but to die in all the slow horrible torture of hunger and thirst. Mechanically I crawled about, feeling the dry and arid rock. Never to my fancy had I ever felt anything so dry.
But, I frantically asked myself, how had I lost the course of the flowing stream? There could be no doubt it had ceased to flow in the gallery in which I now was. Now I began to understand the cause of the strange silence which prevailed when last I tried if any appeal from my companions might perchance reach my ear.
It so happened that when I first took an imprudent step in the wrong direction, I did not perceive the absence of the all-important stream. It was now quite evident that when we halted, another tunnel must have received the waters of the little torrent, and that I had unconsciously entered a different gallery. To what unknown depths had my companions gone? Where was I?
How to get back! Clue or landmark there was absolutely none! My feet left no signs on the granite and shingle. My brain throbbed with agony as I tried to discover the solution of this terrible problem. My situation, after all sophistry and reflection, had finally to be summed up in three awful words—Lost! !! LOST!!!
Lost at a depth which, to my infinite understanding, appeared to be immeasurable. These thirty leagues of the crust of the earth weighed upon my shoulders like the globe on the shoulders of Atlas. I felt myself crushed by the awful weight. It was indeed a position to drive the sanest man to madness.
I tried to bring my thoughts back to the things of the world so long forgotten. It was with the greatest difficulty that I succeeded in doing so. Hamburg, the house on | WIKI |
These are chat archives for AngularClass/angular2-webpack-starter
17th
Sep 2016
Navin Saini
@sumedha-navin
Sep 17 2016 04:41
Hi, all
Is there any expert to help me to reduce the bundle size of webpack generated vendor file. It's around 4.5 mb in size
import '@angular/platform-browser';
import '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
import '@angular/core';
import '@angular/common';
import '@angular/forms';
import '@angular/http';
import '@angular/router';
import '@angularclass/hmr';
import 'rxjs/add/operator/map';
import 'rxjs/add/operator/mergeMap';
import 'aws-sdk/dist/aws-sdk.js';
import 'bootstrap';
import 'bootstrap-select';
import 'chart.js';
import 'fullcalendar';
import 'jquery';
import 'jquery-mousewheel';
import 'jquery-placeholder';
import 'malihu-custom-scrollbar-plugin';
import 'moment';
import 'ng2-bootstrap';
import 'ng2-charts';
import 'ng2-toastr';
import 'node-waves';
import './lib/js/jquery-ui.js';
import './lib/js/jquery.fullcalendar.ipad.js';
import './lib/js/functions.js';
import 'animate.css/animate.css';
import 'bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.css';
import 'bootstrap-select/dist/css/bootstrap-select.css';
import 'fullcalendar/dist/fullcalendar.css';
import 'malihu-custom-scrollbar-plugin/jquery.mCustomScrollbar.css';
import 'material-design-iconic-font/dist/css/material-design-iconic-font.css';
import 'ng2-toastr/ng2-toastr.css';
import './lib/css/app.css';
import './lib/css/app2.css';
import './lib/css/custom.css';
if ('production' === ENV) {
// Production
} else {
// Development
}
Marinho Brandão
@marinho
Sep 17 2016 07:34
I'd star by getting rid of jquery
Mayur Bhatt
@go4mayur_twitter
Sep 17 2016 19:22
Hi all, is there anyone who know, how to use PipeTransform with angular2 final webpack cli based application
i used PipeTransform with rc5 which was working properly
i am trying to move to angular2 final, but this is kind a roadblock for me
Marinho Brandão
@marinho
Sep 17 2016 19:30
Which error you get, Mayur? My pipe transform classes are the same and workibg
I just created a module for all my pipes, as they all were in the same directory, and export them all. Other modules import them and thats it
Mayur Bhatt
@go4mayur_twitter
Sep 17 2016 22:03
@marinho actually I made small custom pipes inside component, that was causing trouble
Later on I could fix it by creating new files for pipes
And it worked | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Camp Massad (Montreal)
The result was No consensus, which defaults to keep. There are many fallacious arguments on both the keep and delete side. Taking everything into account, including the fact that the article has no reliable sources, there is still no consensus to outright delete the article. There seems to be a consensus amongst those that are opining for keeping and deleting this article that the article needs some cleanup to read less like a "camp brochure" and more like an encyclopedic, neutral, historic entry. The lead needs to be fixed to remove peacock and spammy language. Several "travel guide" like sections need to be altogether removed. And of course, sources need to be found and cited, as there appear to be some available in google books, as cited here. Tagging the article for cleanup, post deletion discussion. Keeper | 76 | Disclaimer 19:55, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
Camp Massad (Montreal)
* ( [ delete] ) – (View AfD) (View log)
This page was speedied, and then the editor reposted it with a note on the talk page: "would really like to keep this page. Although it is not the most notable and important camp, it is of great historical meaning to it's members. This page is a source as to what occurs at this camp.Without this, Camp Massad has no database. Please do not delete it." 2 hits on Google News that are about different camps with the same name. A Wikipedia search shows three camps with this name listed, Camp Massad (Manitoba), and Camp Massad (Poconos). It appears that the Poconos location was quite notable...perhaps merge all three into a single Camp Massad article? LegoTech ·(t)·(c) 03:38, 19 April 2008 (UTC) . ¨16:19, 23 April 2008 (UTC)
* Any organization is going to be of great historical meaning to its members — but that's not what defines whether it belongs in an encyclopedia or not. It only belongs in an encyclopedia if it's of historical meaning to people who weren't members of it, actually. A merge would be potentially acceptable, if these three camps were actually affiliated with each other — but if they're completely independent organizations that merely happened to have the same name, then a merged article wouldn't really be appropriate and this one should then be deleted if real sources can't be found. Bearcat (talk) 04:37, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
* Delete I can't find any sources besides it own. And creating a database on Wikipedia is not what Wikipedia is for, anyway. Noble Story (talk) 07:17, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Canada-related deletion discussions. -- Beloved Freak 10:29, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Judaism-related deletion discussions. —Shuki (talk) 20:36, 20 April 2008 (UTC)
* Keep Why does not WP have a specific guideline to rate notability of summer camps? I think it's about time that happened. A summer camp serving a few hundred people over the year is not the same as a nameless seasonal ice cream store, or is it. There should be some consistancy to putting summer camps up for AFD. Massad is definitely above the average of the others in the cat. I would suggest removing all the meaningless activities and keep it to historical facts. --Shuki (talk) 20:47, 21 April 2008 (UTC)
* Delete - non-notable. There are lots of places to host a page about your old summer camp; but Wikipedia is not one of them. If there are other articles about similar camps, then put them up for deletion as well. WP:OTHERSTUFFEXISTS is not an argument for retention, but an acknowledgment that a lot of things have snuck in here that really don't qualify for their own articles. -- Orange Mike | Talk 21:08, 21 April 2008 (UTC)
* Keep, unless Wikipedia plans on deleting every last article listed in Category:Jewish summer camps because they are very notable to Jewish life and living in North America. Refer this article for improvement and discussion at WP:JUDAISM (and wait for Passover to end!) Jewish Summer Camps are attended by almost all Jewish youth in North America and are a central feature of Jewish educational, religious and communal life in North America during the months of July and August every year. Rather than picking at this or that camp, and coming up with weak rationales to delete of "WP:OTHERSTUFFEXISTS" -- which is NOT an official WP policy only "advice" -- and any attempt to deal with this issue should be to reach out or create a working group of editors, some with Judaic expertise, to determine the importance of these key Jewish educational institutions. Otherwise it is like cutting off a limb because one does not see how it fits with the rest of the body, a very counter-productive move. IZAK (talk) 12:14, 22 April 2008 (UTC)
* Keep- It is important to have entries on summer camps and such. There are so many articles like this one ( Category:Jewish summer camps ), why should this one be deleted. It is a reference of a camp, and is very important to Jewish people in this part of the world. It is very notable as a buisiness of its kind, and deserves to stay. Googoogoo123
* Delete - not notable. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Wageslave (talk • contribs)
* Keep- It is as notable as most other articles on Wikipedia — Preceding unsigned comment added by Markovsiu (talk • contribs)
* Keep - but edit - Jewish camping is an important part of American Jewish history. Limiting to only an arbitrary definition of "notable" distorts the picture and is less than encyclopedic. However, an encyclopedia entry should focus more on the history of the camp over the decades, the reason for its founding, etc., and less on its contemporary structure and shtick, which leads the article to read like a brochure. There should also be an article on the now-defunct Camp Massad of Ontario. Note multiple print references to the Massad camps on [|"Google Books"] In particular, this Hebrew-language monograph on the Massad camps should serve as a good basis for an excellent encyclopedia article.Yudel (talk) 14:47, 23 April 2008 (UTC)
* comment - Could you possibly put the link again for the Hebrew-language monograph thing again? The link given didn't work. Thank you! -- Markovsiu —Preceding comment was added at 02:23, 24 April 2008 (UTC)
* Strong delete csd/a7 no claim to notability, utter lack of wp:rs:
* Keep - great article, professionally sourced, camps are just as notable as other subjects if the media feels important to document it, thanks--YY (talk) 16:23, 23 April 2008 (UTC)
* comment - It's an advertisement, not an article. If this camp is notable, how come there are a grand total of zero, count 'em, bupkes, ef-es, no reliable sources about this so-notable camp in the article? -- Orange Mike | Talk 16:33, 23 April 2008 (UTC)
* comment - absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. Notability is easily proven via Google Books.Yudel (talk) 17:14, 23 April 2008 (UTC)
* Delete. Isn't notable per se. Would have liked to merge it to a larger parent organization, but the header is a bit confusing and its unclear if there is such an organization that is notable with a Wikipedia article. Woops, just noticed the aforementoined Google Books link. I'm now unsure. -- brew crewer (yada, yada) 08:23, 24 April 2008 (UTC)
* Keep per IZAK. M0RD00R (talk) 15:00, 24 April 2008 (UTC)
* Comment I can see the reasons for the keep, but can we at least have it edited to read less like a brochure for the camp and more like an encyclopedia article? LegoTech ·(t)·(c) 17:42, 24 April 2008 (UTC)
* Keep. A precedent has been set through the majority of Articles for deletion/Jewish summer camps and local organizations decisions. Change the header though, it does read like an ad. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:25, 24 April 2008 (UTC)
* Hi <IP_ADDRESS>: Thank you for commenting. It would be nice if you got real user name. In the meantime take a look at WP:INSPECTOR and There is no deadline, and that Rome was not built in one day and neither is Wikipedia. Editing and writing takes time. Thanks again, IZAK (talk) 09:32, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
* Delete Not notable, no WP:RS. Bstone (talk) 04:40, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
* Delete Currently no RS. If it's notable, a periodical or book will have mentioned it. Happy to change to Keep if RS are added. --Dweller (talk) 09:49, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
* comment RS exist as per Google books. See my keep vote above. Yudel (talk) 18:59, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
* Keep, camps are somewhat in the same category as schools (they are in effect most often "summer schools"). Without a clear guideline existing specifically for camp inclusion, we can reasonably apply a similar standard that we do to schools, requiring only verifiability per NOT. -- M P er el 16:58, 25 April 2008 (UTC)
| WIKI |
How to Fix Shark Vacuum Suction Noise?
The vacuum cleaners from Shark make a strange noise when they are sucking. A dirty filter or brush roll could be to blame. You can solve the suction noise problem easily by following these steps.
• Make sure your vacuum is unplugged
• Clean the dust cup of dirt and debris
• Clean the filters with water after removing them
• Make note of the airflow in the vacuum hose, and of the handle, as well as the wheel on the vacuum
• Make sure the brush roll is free of debris and dirt.
To be sure that nothing on the shark vacuum is broken, you should also check all the parts and accessories. Make sure there are no physical damages to the hose, brush, or other components.
The suction noise that you hear has been caused by dirt after following these processes. To ensure your shark vacuum has good suction, you need to clean it.
If you want to go a bit more in-depth, follow this procedure to fix the Shark vacuum suction noise.
Clean Your Shark Vacuum’s Filter
In terms of the main issues, it’s a regular maintenance task to clean the filters.
Let’s start by removing the garbage can. We are interested in two points. A metal grate is located within the bin.
An old toothbrush or scrubby pad can be used to clean any dirt or debris around the metal grate.
After washing the second filter, you can wash it again with warm water until the water runs clear. After setting and letting it dry, you need to wait for it to dry for 24 hours.
The cotton filter is also included. Cotton filters should be cleaned if any dirt is present. The vacuum power may be reduced sometimes.
The unit also has a small air compressor, which is used to clean the dirt because the HEPA filters are not washable. Extra dirt is simply removed by replacing the filter at a very cheap cost.
Clean Your Shark Vacuum’s Brush Roll
Brush rolls should be cleaned if they become dirty.
Vacuuming can be used to clean brush rolls. Vacuums with easy brush rolls are easy to remove. Vacuums with hard brushes are difficult. You can quickly remove this belt by unlocking the three plastic knobs.
This is not that easy to remove if you want to. You can do this if this is in your hands.
For cutting the hair, strings, and any other materials, you can use scissors.
Make sure not to cut the brush bar bristles if you are using a razor blade on a particularly heavy item. Your brush bar is dirt-free after you pull it up.
This is actually a major problem for suction, especially if you have hair and string covering up all of these brush areas. This restricts airflow and hampers the suction of the shark vacuum. Therefore, brush bars need to be thoroughly cleaned.
Here's the Best Vacuum Cleaner of 2021
X | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Governor Blake
Governor Blake may refer to:
* Joseph Blake (governor), 11th Colonial Governor of the Province of South Carolina
* Henry Arthur Blake, Governor of the Bahamas from 1884 to 1887, Colonial Governor of Newfoundland from 1887 to 1889, Governor of Jamaica from 1889 to 1898, Governor of Hong Kong from 1898 to 1903, and Governor of Ceylon from 1903 to 1907 | WIKI |
Our Lady of the Hour Church
The Our Lady of the Hour Church (Église Notre-Dame de l'Heure ) also known as the name of the Latin Church, is a Catholic church in the centre of Mosul, in northern Iraq. Built in the 1870s by the Dominican Fathers, it was especially famous for its bell donated by the Empress Eugenia de Montijo, for which it was sometimes called the Clock Church. It was damaged in a 2006 bombing and completely restored in 2023.
History
In 1860, after the massacre of Damascus, during which were killed between 4,000 and 6,000 Christians, Napoleon III sent an expeditionary force to the Levant to help Eastern Christians. A decade later, the Dominicans created in Mosul the Convent of Our Lady of the Hour. In 1880, the Empress Eugenie donated her watch. That was when the first tower was installed on Iraqi soil. In the courtyard of the church it was built as a replica of the Lourdes grotto with a statue of Our Lady of Miracles, where the faithful come to pray.
The Church has become an important cultural and academic centre, which hosted until the 2006 bombing a girls' school and the first printing press in Iraq. Strong relationships between members of different religions and cultures have also long celebrated there: the Church offered a space for encounter and dialogue between Christians, Yazidis, Sunni and Shia Muslims, as well as Arabs, Chaldeans, and Kurds.
In 2006, the Church was partially destroyed in a bombing during the Iraq War. In the summer of 2014, Christians in the Nineveh Plain fell into the hands of the Islamic State. Most of the forty-five churches were destroyed, converted into mosques or prisons. On April 24, 2016, it was reported that the Latin Church was destroyed by terrorists after looting antiquities and works of art. Later reports indicated the clock tower was actually still standing. The Church itself was used as a weapons warehouse and torture chamber by the jihadists.
In 2020, UNESCO joined the collaborative efforts of the Dominican friars to rebuild the Church as a focus for cultural encounter. On 1 January 2024, the Church was reopened with a Mass celebrated by the Master of the Dominican Order, Fr Gerard Timoner. | WIKI |
Image for “Bio-hacking the ego to rediscover our blissful connected self”, Finding Your Bliss
One of the most common obstacles and reasons for giving up on a meditation practice is how our mind is restless and just won’t slow down.
The busy wandering mind is with us all, it is what manifests when we don’t have something important to focus on in the present moment. Psychologists and brain scientists call this meandering, often autobiographical state of mind, the ‘Default Mode Network “(DMN)” which as the name suggests, is what we fall back into whenever our focus isn’t required.
It is accurate to equate the DMN to the ‘ego’, or the sense of ourself as being separate and apart from everything else. When activity in the DMN increases, our experience of mind-wandering increases which includes our ability to mentally “time travel”, projecting ourselves into the past or future at the cost of being present.
The DMN is a natural state of mind to access as it can be the source of memories, dreams and identity. However for some, the DMN can gain too much steam and hamstring us into perpetual distraction and ruminating thought patterns. Indeed the DMN has been observed to be particularly overactive in conditions such as depression, anxiety, and obsessive compulsive disorder. It can cause us to become hypercritical and experience negative thought loops.
The more that we channel our energy into the same types of thoughts the stronger the propensity to do it again and again. On the physical level, neurons that ‘fire together’, ‘wire together.’ Our neural net becomes entrenched and an active DMN becomes habitual.
It becomes extremely difficult to overcome this solely via meditation.
This is where the molecules found in certain plants and fungi enter the picture.
In recent years, scientific studies have confirmed how molecules in psychedelic mushrooms (psilocybin) and cacti (mescaline), among others, have profound effects on our brains and in particular how they act on the Default Mode Network:
Brain imaging studies suggest that when psychedelics are absorbed they decrease activity in the default mode network. As a result the sense of self appears to temporarily shut down, and thus ruminations may decrease. The brain states observed show similarities to deep meditative states, in which increased activity occurs in pathways that do not normally communicate. This process has been compared to defragmenting a computer. Following this, it appears that the default mode network becomes more cohesive. We think this could be one of the reasons levels of anxiety and depression appear to reduce.
Dr. Simon Ruffell, Psychiatrist and Senior Research Associate at King's College London
Images of a normal brain and one on the molecule found in psychedelic mushrooms
Images of a normal brain and one on the molecule found in psychedelic mushrooms.
When these molecules act on us they help to mute the DMN and our sense of self. This then opens up our awareness to everything else besides ourselves. The mind senses how it is part of a larger field and our particular problems or fixations lose their grip. We feel a greater sense of openness and connection to life and its movements. And its majesty. This sense of wonder and feeling at ease with oneself spills over afterwards as follow up studies show that positive effects can last years after a single dose.
By giving us a direct experience of what it means to be connected to the present and not as engrossed with our autobiographical musings, psychedelic molecules can help to reboot the mind to make it more amenable to the meditative state in the future via fostering greater neuroplasticity - the ability of neural networks to change through growth and reorganization.
The emerging ‘Psychedelic Renaissance’ has led to a surge in scientific studies with remarkable results thus far: MDMA is proving to be a highly effective treatment for PTSD, Psilocybin for anxiety and depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and end-of-life anxiety.
In the mainstream, Michael Pollen’s breakthrough book “How to Change your Mind’’ discusses the neuroscience and history of several of the classical psychedelic molecules and has been turned into a mini-series on Netflix.
Let’s look at what may be happening from a more holistic perspective.
When we look at nature we see that it has fractal representations. It repeats itself at all levels of scale.
About 1500 years ago the axiom of ‘As Above, So Below’ emerged and was incorporated into many philosophical systems world-wide over the ensuing centuries. How what happens in a higher or larger sense (macrocosm) will also occur in a lower or small sense (microcosom).
We can see this principle in everything from the similarities in the structures of galaxies and the human brain to how our lungs resemble a tree.
Similarities in the structures of galaxies and the human brain
It turns out that our bodies are miniature replicas of nature.
Fast forward to 1999. In Norway, a team of researchers were studying how Spruce trees were coping with increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere when they discovered something unusual: the trees were exchanging large amounts of carbon and other chemicals between themselves via a vast underground fungal network. This discovery which they coined the ‘Wood-wide-web’ opened up a greater understanding of the symbiotic interconnected relationship of how the forest ‘organism’ works together to maintain health and balance.
Forest organism
David Suzuki, the noted ecologist, shared in “The many marvels of the mysterious mushroom’ the findings of mycologist Paul Staments: how brains and mycelia (the underground fungal network) grow new connections, or prune existing ones, in response to environmental stimuli. Both use an array of chemical messengers to transmit signals throughout a cellular web.” (see also: Discover Magazine.)
It appears that, As above, so below, we truly ‘are what we eat’. Just as the trees stay better connected underground via fungal networks, so can the neurons in our brain by eating the fruiting mushroom bodies of these underground fungi.
Governments have noticed the therapeutic mental health results and are moving quickly to legislate and begin implementing safe protocols with Alberta and Oregon leading the way. Even the Biden Administration is on board indicating that a federal legal paradigm to access psychedelic therapy will arrive shortly in the United States.
It’s important to note that while clearly promising, psychedelics are not a panacea, but a tool. And they are not for everyone, certain conditions are contraindicated.
However for many, with clear intention and supervision these molecules hold immense promise for dismantling the inner habitual barriers to being at peace and present with life.
As the Default Mode Network is silenced and the mind lets go of its attachment to our self-stories, awareness can expand into a larger and more integrated sense of Being by remaining more and more connected to the present moment and experiencing directly that life is an ever-changing process that flows.
The essence of the meditative state.
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Judy | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 1, 1802).djvu/64
40] part of the liquor concretes again into thin shining spicules, or plates, like feathers. In frosty weather, these are remarkably beautiful, and resemble trees, plants, &c.
Sal ammoniac, when pure, promotes perspiration, and in some cases, increases the secretion of urine. A drachm of it, dissolved in water, if the patient be kept warm after taking it, generally proves sudorific. By moderate exercise in the open air, it beneficially operates on the kidneys; given in a large dose, it proves aperient; and in a still larger, acts as an emetic.
As a cooling and diaphoretic medicine, the sal ammoniac dissolved either in vinegar and water, or combined with small doses of the Peruvian bark, has often been attended with the best effects, when taken in fevers, and especially in intermittents, after the intestinal canal has been properly evacuated. Mr. C., a medial practitioner in the metropolis, has formerly favoured the Editor of this work with an account of a cheap and expeditious manner of saturating the common solution obtained by dissolving this salt in vinegar, with fixed air, or carbonic acid gas; which is a valuable addition to that liquor. His method is in effect as follows: take one ounce of pure sal ammoniac, and one pint and a half of distilled vinegar; put the latter in a decanter provided with a close glass-stopper; then introduce the salt, previously broken into lumps, but not too small; as by plunging it too suddenly into the liquor, the extrication of the gas would be too quick, and a quantity of it be dissipated. Next, the stopper of the bottle should be tied over with a piece of leather, and the whole be left undisturbed. It would farther be useful, to add, on the top of the bottle, some weight or pressure, by which means the combination of the carbonic acid gas with the water will be greatly facilitated. After having stood a few hours, the ammonia will be dissolved, and the carbonic acid absorbed by the liquor.
By this simple process, the acetated water of ammonia becomes strongly impregnated with fixed air, while it is almost entirely deprived of that disagreeable taste which is peculiar to this medicine, when prepared in the usual way.
Mr. speaks from experience, of the superior qualities this preparation possesses as a febrifuge; beside the very great advantage, that it tends to keep the bowels open, even under the immediate influence of opiates. It likewise, generally, agrees with weak and irritable stomachs, which can retain scarcely any other medicine.
This salt has also been employed externally in lotions and embrocations, for scirrhous and other indolent tumours; for removing warts and other excrescences, and in gargarisms, for inflammations of the tonsils.
Ammonia pura, or the caustic vegetable alkali, possesses uncommon alexiteric powers, in the cure of persons bitten by snakes, and other venomous animals. Sixty drops of it, sufficiently diluted with water, make a moderate dose, which ought to be repeated according to the urgency of the symptoms. At the same time, the wound should be washed with a similar mixture.
It is positively asserted, that such treatment has been attended with uniform success, when the patient was able to swallow the medicine. AMMO- | WIKI |
Władysław Gnyś
Władysław Gnyś (24 August 1910 – 28 February 2000) was a Polish pilot of the Polish Air Force, a World War II flying ace and the first Polish victor in aerial combat in World War II. He briefly served as the commander of No. 317 Polish Fighter Squadron; he was shot down on his first mission over France on August 27, 1944.
In 1931, Gnyś entered military service with the Polish Air Force. In 1933 he began air training in Grudziądz and later in 1936, was a flying instructor at the Polish Air Force Academy at Dęblin. During the war he scored six victories - three solo and three shared - in the Polish and French campaigns.
The defense of Poland, September 1939
By May 1939 Gnyś had been posted to the 121st Eskadra Mysliwska (121st Fighter Escadrille) in the city of Kraków, equipped with obsolete PZL P.11c fighters. On 31 August the Squadron was assigned to operate with the III/2 Dywizjon (Group) and it relocated to a reserve airfield in Balice.
In the early morning of 1 September 1939, Gnyś was woken by a German bombing raid on Kraków. At about 7 am (according to other sources, 5:30 am) Gnyś flew a sortie with Cpt Mieczyslaw Medwecki, the Group Commander. Just after take off and at about 300 meters altitude the Polish fighters were suddenly attacked by a pair of German Ju 87B dive-bombers from I/StG 2 "Immelmann". Unteroffizier Frank Neubert successfully fired at Medwecki and scored probably the first aerial victory of the war. The P-11 fell away having suffered serious damage, and Medwecki was killed. Gnyś was now also under attack, but later shot at a "Stuka" piloted by Lt. Brandenburg. The German aircraft started to smoke, but managed to return to base at Nieder-Ellguth. A few minutes later Gnyś attacked two Do 17E bombers from KG 77. After a few passes both Do 17 bombers crashed in the country village of Żurada, near Olkusz. One of the German bombers was coded "3Z+FR" on its fuselage and all six crew members were killed, one later identified as a Uffz. Klose. On his return to base Gnyś met a lone He 111, but he was out of ammunition.
There is controversy regarding these victories. According to Marius Emmerling, based on German wartime sources two Do 17Es from 7./KG 77 did crash near Żurada, but this was caused by a Polish anti-aircraft artillery, which damaged one Do 17 which then collided with the other. The Polish Aviation Museum in Kraków has the only surviving PZL P.11c fighter from the September campaign. Among other armaments, it has four 7.92 mm machine guns. An examination of a fragment from one of the downed Dorniers revealed at least four clearly defined bullet holes having the same diameter to the ammunition on board Gnyś's PZL P.11c fighter. Taking into account the bullets' angle of entry and the resulting damage, their diameters match up within one mm of the 7.92. This would conclude that the two Do 17s were not brought down by anti-aircraft fire because shrapnel from an exploding shell does not leave neat holes, but rather jagged and irregular size punctures.
The combat in which Medwecki was shot down took place in 5:30-6:00 am and, according to Emmerling, Gnyś only fired at the Ju 87, but did not hit it, nor did he meet Do 17s. Other authors however, claim that damage to one of the Do 17s which resulted in a collision with the other, might have been caused by Gnyś. One such author, Polish aviation historian Jerzy B. Cynk, concluded that W. Gnyś was responsible for the first Allied aerial victories of the war. [see 'The Polish Air Force at War - The Official History 1939-1943' pp. 73, 75]
Gnyś scored another victory in September 1939, claiming a He 111.
France 1940
After the fall of Poland, Gnyś fled to France and served as a pilot with the French Air Force. Flying the Morane MS 406-C with GC III./1 and stationed at Toul Croix, Gnyś scored three shared victories; a He 111 on 12 May and two Do 17s on 16 May. After the French surrender, Gnyś escaped via Oran and Casablanca and arrived in Liverpool on 14 July 1940.
With the RAF 1940-44
Gnyś later fought with the Royal Air Force, joining No. 302 Squadron as a Pilot Officer on 17 August 1940 and seeing combat in the Battle of Britain and into 1941. On 21 May 1941 Gnyś' Hawker Hurricane was badly damaged by fighters although he managed to return to base.
Later he served with the No. 316 Polish Fighter Squadron flying Spitfires and No. 309 Polish Fighter-Reconnaissance Squadron, flying tactical reconnaissance Mustangs.
On 22 August 1944, he was appointed to the command of No. 317 Polish Fighter Squadron. Two days later, Gnyś was shot down over Rouen by flak, was wounded and captured by German forces. Despite his wounds, he escaped from a POW field hospital a few days later, found by the French Maquis and returned to the Allied lines safely.
He settled in Canada after the war.
Awards
Croix de Guerre (France) Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom) Cross of Valour (Poland) 3 times Silver Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari Commander's Cross with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta (2 September 1999) Bronze Cross of Merit (18 June 1935) | WIKI |
New York State Route 9G
New York State Route 9G (NY 9G) is a state highway in the Hudson Valley of New York in the United States. It runs north from U.S. Route 9 (US 9) at Poughkeepsie, starting out as Violet Avenue, then follows the Hudson River mostly along the eastern side of the US 9 to Rhinebeck, where the two routes cross just north of the village. From this point onward, NY 9G runs on the western side of US 9, closer to the Hudson River, to Hudson. It ends at another junction with US 9 in the city. NY 9G initially extended from Rhinebeck to Hudson when it was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York. It was extended to its current length in the late 1930s, supplanting New York State Route 9F, an alternate route of US 9 between Poughkeepsie and Rhinebeck.
Route description
NY 9G is maintained by the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) outside of the cities of Poughkeepsie and Hudson. The portion of the route that enters the two cities is locally maintained.
Dutchess County
The highway starts at a junction with US 9 at Marist College and Saint Francis Hospital in the Dutchess County town of Poughkeepsie. It travels parallel to the Pulaski Park while heading south for a time. It turns sharply to the east for a time known as Parker Avenue. It passes north of College Hill Park and Morgan Lake prior to gradually turning north. Route 9G passes west of the Dutchess Community College, now known as Violet Avenue. Proceeding north, off to the east is the Fallkill County Park. An intersection with County Route 40 (CR 40) is not far off, while another intersection with CR 40A follows. Past CR 40A, it runs parallel to the Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site while it travels west of the Union Cemetery.
North of the site, NY 9G runs near a small stream for a time, while to the west is the Greentree Park. A turn to the northwest before turning due north again comes before an intersection with CR 37. The route enters DeWitt Mills, which brings an intersection with CR 14. On either side of the route are small lakes just as an intersection with CR 84 occurs. Continuing north, Burger Hill Park is to the west. From here, NY 9G meets NY 308 by way of an interchange as it enters the northern outskirts of Rhinebeck. The route crosses its parent, US 9, north of the village center, at which point it enters the Hudson River Historic District. Not far to the northwest is a junction with NY 199, which merges with NY 9G and follows it into the town of Red Hook.
NY 9G and NY 199 split at a junction west of the village of Red Hook and east of the hamlet of Barrytown. NY 199 turns eastward toward the village while NY 9G heads north into Annandale-On-Hudson. Bard College is just to the west as NY 9G becomes limited access for a short time. An intersection with CR 79 follows, just prior entering Tivoli, where NY 9G meets CR 78. This junction was once the eastern terminus of NY 402. Not far to the north of Tivoli, NY 9G crosses into Columbia County and the town of Clermont.
Columbia County
In Columbia County, NY 9G passes the Clermont State Historic Site and the Stone Jug in Clermont before proceeding north into the town of Germantown and the hamlet of the same name contained within. Outside of the hamlet, NY 9G turns to follow a more northeasterly course, matching a similar turn in the Hudson River. It crosses over Roeliff Jansen Kill on its way into the town of Greenport, where it meets NY 23 at the eastern foot of the Rip Van Winkle Bridge in a highly channelized junction adjacent to the Olana State Historic Site.
NY 9G is concurrent with NY 23 for just less than 0.3 mi before leaving with NY 23B to the northeast for the city of Hudson, passing through its historic downtown. The two routes overlap from the NY 23 east junction to the US 9 junction on the east side of the city, where the concurrency and NY 9G both end. NY 23B, meanwhile, continues east of here, following US 9 for several blocks to the east toward Claverack.
History
NY 9G was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York; however, it extended only from US 9 in Rhinebeck to US 9 in Hudson. South of Annandale-on-Hudson, NY 9G was routed on River and Mount Rutsen Roads. The portion of NY 9G between Germantown and NY 199, under construction in 1930, was opened to traffic from NY 199 to Tivoli by the following year and completed c. 1932. Farther south, an alternate route of US 9 between Poughkeepsie and Hyde Park via East Park was designated NY 9F as part of the renumbering. NY 9F was extended northward c. 1932 from East Park to Rhinebeck, where it ended at a junction with US 9 northeast of the village. NY 9F was absorbed into a rerouted and extended NY 9G c. 1938.
The former routing of NY 9G from Annandale-on-Hudson to Mount Rutsen Road along River Road is now maintained by Dutchess County as part of CR 103. In Hyde Park, the former alignment of NY 9F along Market Street remained state-maintained until April 1, 1980, when it was transferred from New York State to Dutchess County as part of a highway maintenance swap between the two levels of government. Market Street is now part of CR 41.
It has also been the site of a stretch of fatal or otherwise serious car accidents, some of which have involved hit and runs. A group of legislators is currently working on improving safety of the road between Bard College and Germantown. | WIKI |
Page:EB1911 - Volume 25.djvu/672
Of all particular integrals of Laplace's equation, these are of the greatest importance in respect of their applications, and were the only ones considered by the earlier investigators; the solutions of potential problems in which the bounding surfaces are exactly or approximately spherical are usually expressed as series in which the terms are these spherical harmonics. In the wider sense of the term, a spherical harmonic is any homogeneous function of the variables which satisfies Laplace's equation, the degree of the function being not necessarily integral or real, and the functions are not necessarily rational in x, y, z, or single-valued; the functions may, when necessary, be termed ordinary spherical harmonics. For the treatment of potential problems which relate to spaces bounded by special kinds of surfaces, solutions of Laplace's equation are required which are adapted to the particular boundaries, and various classes of such solutions have thus been introduced into analysis. Such functions are usually of a more complicated structure than ordinary spherical harmonics, although they possess analogous properties. As examples we may cite Bessel's functions in connexion with circular cylinders, Lamé's functions in connexion with ellipsoids, and toroidal functions for anchor rings. The theory of such functions may be regarded as embraced under the general term harmonic analysis. The present article contains an account of the principal properties of ordinary spherical harmonics, and some indications of the nature and properties of the more important of the other classes of functions which occur in harmonic analysis. Spherical and other harmonic functions are of additional importance in view of the fact that they are largely employed in the treatment of the partial differential equations of physics, other than Laplace's equation; as examples of this, we may refer to the equation $$\frac{\partial u}{\partial t} = k\nabla^2 u$$, which is fundamental in the theory of conduction of heat and electricity, also to the equation $$\frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial t^2} = k\nabla^2 u$$, which occurs in the theory of the propagation of aerial and electro-magnetic waves. The integration under given conditions of more complicated equations which occur in the theories of hydro-dynamics and elasticity, can in certain cases be effected by the use of the functions employed in harmonic analysis.
1. Relation between Spherical Harmonics of Positive and Negative Degrees.—A function which is homogeneous in x, y, z, of degree n in those variables, and which satisfies Laplace's equation
is termed a solid spherical harmonic, or simply a spherical harmonic of degree n. The degree n may be fractional or imaginary, but we are at present mainly concerned with the case in which n is a positive or negative integer. If x, y, z be replaced by their values $$r\sin\theta\cos\phi$$, $$r\sin\theta\sin\phi$$, $$r\cos\theta$$ in polar co-ordinates, a solid spherical harmonic takes the form $$r^n f_n(\theta, \phi)$$; the factor $$f_n(\theta, \phi)$$ is called a surface harmonic of degree n. If Vn denote a spherical harmonic of degree n, it may be shown by differentiation that $$\nabla^2 (r^m V_n) = m(2n + m + 1)r^{m - 2}V_n$$, and thus as a particular case that $$\nabla^2 (r^{-2n - 1}V_n) = 0$$; we have thus the fundamental theorem that from any spherical harmonic Vn of degree n, another of degree $$-n-1$$ may be derived by dividing Vn by $$r^{2n + 1}$$. All spherical harmonics of negative integral degree are obtainable in this way from those of positive integral degree. This theorem is a particular case of the more general inversion theorem that if $$F(x, y, z)$$ is any function which satisfies the equation (1), the function
also satisfies the equation.
The ordinary spherical harmonics of positive integral degree n are those which are rational integral functions of x, y, z. The most general rational integral function of degree n in three letters contains $$\frac{1}{2}(n + 1)(n + 2)$$ coefficients; if the expression be substituted in (1), we have on equating the coefficients separately to zero $$\frac{1}{2}n(n - 1)$$ relations to be satisfied; the most general spherical harmonic of the prescribed type therefore contains $$\frac{1}{2}(n + 1)(n + 2) - \frac{1}{2}n(n - 1)$$, or $$2n + 1$$ independent constants. There exist, therefore, $$2n + 1$$ independent ordinary harmonics of degree n; and corresponding to each of these there is a negative harmonic of degree $$-n - 1$$ obtained by dividing by $$r^{2n + 1}$$. The three independent harmonics of degree 1 are x, y, z; the five of degree 2 are $$y^2 - z^2$$, $$z^2 - x^2$$, $$yz$$, $$zx$$, $$xy$$. Every harmonic of degree n is a linear function of $$2n + 1$$ independent harmonics of the degree; we proceed, therefore, to find the latter.
2. Determination of Harmonics of given Degree.—It is clear that a function $$f(ax + by + cz)$$ satisfies the equation (1), if a, b, c are constants which satisfy the condition $$a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 0$$; in particular the equation is satisfied by $$(z + \iota x\cos\alpha + \iota y\sin\alpha)^n$$. Taking n to be a positive integer, we proceed to expand this expression in a series of cosines and sines of multiples of $$\alpha$$; each term will then satisfy (1) separately. Denoting $$e^{\iota\alpha}$$ by k, and $$y + \iota x$$ by t, we have
which may be written as $$(2kt)^{-n}\{(z + kt)^2 - r^2\}^n$$. On expansion by Taylor's theorem this becomes
the differentiation applying to z only as it occurs explicitly; the terms involving $$\cos m\alpha$$, $$\sin m\alpha$$ in this expansion are
where $$m = 1, 2, \dots, n$$; and the term independent of $$\alpha$$ is
On writing
and observing that in the expansion of $$(z + \iota x\cos\alpha + \iota y\sin\alpha)^m$$ the expressions $$\cos m\alpha, \sin m\alpha$$ can only occur in the combination $$\cos m(\phi - \alpha)$$, we see that the relation
must hold identically, and thus that the terms in the expansion reduce to
We thus see that the spherical harmonics of degree n are of the form
where $$\mu$$ denotes $$\cos\theta$$; by giving m the values $$0, 1, \dots, n$$ we thus have the $$2n + 1$$ functions required. On carrying out the differentiations we see that the required functions are of the form
where $$m = 0, 1, 2, 3, \dots, n$$.
3. Zonal, Tesseral and Sectorial Harmonics.–Of the system of $$2n + 1$$ harmonics of degree n, only one is symmetrical about the z axis; this is
writing
we observe that $$P_n(\mu)$$ has n zeros all lying between =1, consequently the locus of points on a sphere $$r = a$$, for which $$P_n(\mu)$$ vanishes is n circles all parallel to the meridian plane: these circles divide the sphere into zones, thus $$P_n(\mu)$$ is called the zonal surface harmonic of degree n, and $$r^nP_n(\mu), r^{-n - 1}P_n(\mu)$$ are the solid zonal harmonics of degrees n and $$-n - 1$$. The locus of points on a sphere for which $$\stackrel{\cos}{\sin}~m\phi.\sin^m\theta \frac{d^{n + m}}{d\mu^{n + m}}(\mu^2 - 1)^n$$ vanishes consists of $$n - m$$ circles parallel to the meridian plane, and m great circles through the poles; these circles divide the spherical surface into quadrilaterals or, except when $$n = m$$, in which case the surface is divided into sectors, and the harmonics are therefore called tesseral, except those for which $$m = n$$, which are called sectorial. Denoting $$(1 - \mu^2)\frac{\frac{1}{2}^m d^mP_n(\mu)}{d\mu^m}$$ by $$P_n^m(\mu)$$, the tesseral surface harmonics are $$\stackrel{\cos}{\sin}~m\phi.P_n^m(\cos\theta)$$, where $$m = 1, 2, \dots, n - 1$$, and the sectorial harmonics are $$\stackrel{\cos}{\sin}~n\phi.P_n^n(\cos\theta)$$. The functions $$P_n(\mu), P_n^m(\mu)$$ denote the expressions | WIKI |
Patents by Inventor Efrem V. Fudim
Efrem V. Fudim has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
• Patent number: 6547552
Abstract: Improved apparatus are diclosed for stepwise, layer by layer fabrication of three-dimensional objects by irradiation of radiation-curable materials, in which the critical steps of fast and efficient deposition of thin, flat layers of material covered with a radiation-transmitting film, as well as careful separation of the film upon irradiation, are achieved by using a reciprocating carriage that during its motion changes the elevation of the film. When the carriage is moving in one direction, the film is being laid down forming a layer, and when upon irradiation the carriage is returning, it is peeling the film off without distorting the formed layer. Improved apparatus are provided that build the whole object on an open platform without using a container or form each layer above container.
Type: Grant
Filed: February 8, 2000
Date of Patent: April 15, 2003
Inventor: Efrem V. Fudim
• Patent number: 5171490
Abstract: An improved method of preparing three-dimensional objects from uncured photopolymer by depositing the photopolymer in layers and treating it with radiation to convert the photopolymer into a cohesive structure capable of being at least partially unsupported includes irradiating the uncured photopolymer by transmitting radiation through a constrained radiation transmittent flexible film. Apparatus for performing the method is disclosed.
Type: Grant
Filed: May 31, 1990
Date of Patent: December 15, 1992
Inventor: Efrem V. Fudim
• Patent number: 5135379
Abstract: An improved apparatus forms three-dimensional objects in layers by modulating irradiation of liquid photopolymers, either stepwise by alternating photopolymer deposition and irradiation, or continuously by simultaneous deposition and irradiation. Photopolymer is deposited onto open, unfenced and uncontained, substrate and is contained by a photopolymer wall formed around the object simultaneously with it by supplemental irradiation, for providing to irradiated layer unobstructed access critical to apparatus simplification, automation, fabrication time and to feasibility of continuous forming. To decrease drastically fabrication time, whole layer is irradiated simultaneously using masks photoplotted on a roll of film or a matrix of miniature individually controlled components tightly packed similar to liquid-crystal displays, with shrinkage distortion minimized by constraining the irradiated photopolymer surface and/or by solidifying infinitely thin surfaces in continuous mode.
Type: Grant
Filed: November 29, 1988
Date of Patent: August 4, 1992
Inventor: Efrem V. Fudim
• Patent number: 4960674
Abstract: In general and in one preferred method, a diaphragm plate may be formed by providing a vessel containing a quantity of a light-transmittive first photopolymer compound which includes, as mixed constituents, a reactive oligomer resin, a reactive monomer diluent and a photoinitiator. A first unmasked surface of the compound is irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light for solidifying the surface to a depth equal to the relief thickness, i.e., the desired diaphragm thickness. A second surface of the compound is irradiated with UV light subsequent to being covered with a opaque mask which defines the shape of the diaphragm. This irradiation completes the formation of the diaphragm plate by solidifying the remaining, unmasked quantity of compound. The unsolidified compound is then removed from the masked area of the plate. Other preferred methods are also disclosed.
Type: Grant
Filed: December 17, 1984
Date of Patent: October 2, 1990
Assignee: Johnson Service Company
Inventors: Efrem V. Fudim, Jeannine O. Colla
• Patent number: 4840064
Abstract: An apparatus (9) is disclosed for determining the volume of liquid (18) in a container (1) which is being provided with an in flow and an out flow of liquid such that there normally remains an ullage volume (8) in the container filled with gas. A timer (13) actuated valve (11) is provided for interrupting one of the in flow and the out flow of liquid. A pressure sensor (10) detects the pressure of the gas in the ullage volume (8) of the container (1) during the interruption of the one of the in flow and out flow of the liquid, and a microprocessor (14) calculates the volume of liquid (18) in the container (1) from the detected change in pressure of the gas during the interruption.
Type: Grant
Filed: March 15, 1988
Date of Patent: June 20, 1989
Assignee: Sundstrand Corp.
Inventor: Efrem V. Fudim
• Patent number: 4801477
Abstract: An improved method of forming three-dimensional objects comprises irradiating an uncured photopolymer by emitting an effective amount of photopolymer solidifying radiation directly into a desired area inside of uncured photopolymer using an immersed radiation guide. The radiation is emitted through a material which leaves the irradiated surface capable of further cross-linking so that when an adjacent area is irradiated, it will adhere thereto. Repeating the irradiation for all areas in desired sequence, any three-dimensional object can be made; depending on the size of the emitted beam and the amount of emitted energy, objects can be formed point by point, post by post, area by area or layer by layer.
Type: Grant
Filed: September 29, 1987
Date of Patent: January 31, 1989
Inventor: Efrem V. Fudim
• Patent number: 4752498
Abstract: An improved method of forming three-dimensional objects comprises irradiating an uncured photopolymer by transmitting an effective amount of photopolymer solidifying radiation through a radiation transmittent material which is in contact with the uncured photopolymer. The transmittent material is a material which leaves the irradiated surface capable of further cross-linking so that when a subsequent layer is formed it will adhere thereto. Using this method multilayer objects can be made.
Type: Grant
Filed: March 2, 1987
Date of Patent: June 21, 1988
Inventor: Efrem V. Fudim | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Chronicles of pharmacy (Volume 2).djvu/339
Mirfield's "Breviarium Bartholomei," 135
Mistura Ferri Composita, 403
Mithridates the Great, biography, 289; medical discoveries, 289; death, 290
Mithridatum, 91; inventor, 289; absurdities, 290; Galen on, 292; number of ingredients, 293; formulæ, ii, 20, 38, 39
Mohammed, influence of, 97; death, 104
Monoceros, mythical animal, 28
Monopolies abolished, ii, 161
Moore's "History of the Study of Medicine, 135
Morbus Gallicus, 413. See also Syphilis
Morella furiosum lethale, 25
Morgan, Hugo, Queen Elizabeth's apothecary, 298; makes theriaca, ii, 44
Morpheus, how represented, 17
Morphine, discovery, ii, 244
Morphium, etymology, 18
Morton, W. T. G., uses ether in dentistry, ii, 250
Mosaic gold, 396, 424
Moses identified with Hermes, 4
Moss from skull, as remedy, 191
Mother's ointment, 407
Moult, London chemist, 345
Moxa, meaning of, ii, 295
Mullein, used by Saxons, 126
Mummies, medical use, ii, 23; opinions on, ii, 24
Murray's aërated cod-liver oil, ii, 167
Mustard for scorpion bites, 18 seeds, Biblical reference, 71
Mynsicht's publications, 375; elixir of vitriol, 375; invents emetic tartar, 382; powder of Saturn, 407
Myrepsus, Nicolas, 219; ointment, 427
Myrepsus, 95; ii, 296
Myrophecia, 95
Myropolia, 95
Myrrh, origin, 23; Biblical references, 63
Myrrha, legend of, 22
Mythology, science of, 33
N
Naphtha, legend, 359
Narceine, discovery, ii, 248
Narcotine, discovery, ii, 244 Nardos pitike, meaning, 73
Nardostachys, 74
Narwhal horn, 28
Nasalia, ii, 290
Nataph, meaning of, 56
Necklaces, medical uses, 214
Nectarion, identity of, 24
"Negro Cæsar's Cure for Poison," ii, 237
Nepenthe, etymology, 23; identity, 24
Nettleton, Dr. T., originates citrine ointment, ii, 126
Newbery, maker of James's Powder, ii, 188
Newton, Sir Isaac, connection with pharmacy, 279
Nicandor's treatise on poisons, ii, 226
Nicotine, discovery, ii, 245; synthetic, ii, 266
Nihil album, 427
Nitre, Biblical reference, 70; medical use, 108; manufacture in France, 352, 353, 359; early references, 358; symbol, ii, 309
Nitric acid, first use in medicine, 105
Nitrous oxide gas, discovery, ii, 249
Nitrum fixum, 371
Noctiluca, ii, 296
Nostrums, ancient, 215
Nouffer's Tapeworm Cure, secret purchased, 319; origin, 320
Nuremberg ordinance, 120; old pharmacy, 120
Nychthemeron, ii, 296
O
Obolos, ii, 296
Oenelaion, ii, 296
Oenogala, ii, 296
Oenomeli, ii, 296
Oesypus, ii, 296
Oil of Ants, ii, 14 Bricks, how prepared, ii, 55; medical uses, ii, 55 Eggs, prepared by Paracelsus, 247 Harts' horns, ii, 25 Peter, 360 Puppies, ii, 11 Tartar, preparing, 132; uses of, 247, 372; ii, 286 Vitriol, 373 Wax, ii, 31 Wine, discovery, 263
Ointments, ii, 296. See also Unguentum | WIKI |
From the International Herald Tribune archives: The Dutch started to resent the occupying German forces.
1940: The Dutch Don’t Like Nazis
BUDAPEST — The first two months of German occupation of the Netherlands has brought about one almost national passive demonstration against the invaders and has seen a steadily growing resentment against the Nazi forces. The phlegmatic Dutchman, who takes his time making up his mind and who thought everything would continue normal despite the presence of German troops, is slowly coming to the conclusion that German ‘‘protection’’ of his neutrality is not exactly a blessing. There were immediate repercussions of this spontaneous outburst of anti-German feeling. Although the defenseless Dutch knew better than to actively oppose German occupation, they have shown a decidedly menacing attitude toward members of the local Nazi organization. — New York Herald Tribune, July 18, 1940 | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Maigret at the Crossroads
Maigret at the Crossroads (La Nuit du carrefour) is a detective novel by the Belgian writer Georges Simenon. Published in 1931, it is one of the earliest novels to feature Inspector Maigret in the role of the chief police investigator, a character that has since become one of the best-known detectives in fiction.
Premise
The plot of the novel is driven by the murder of Isaac Goldberg, a Jewish diamond merchant, in a place outside Paris known as the Three Widows' Crossroads.
Characters
The cast of characters includes:
* Carl Andersen and Else Andersen, an aristocratic Danish duo who live in a secluded house at the crossroads
* Monsieur Michonnet, an insurance agent in whose car the body of Goldberg was found
* Monsieur Oscar, the owner of the service station at the crossroads
Translation
Originally written in French, the novel was translated into English by Robert Baldick and published by Penguin in 1963. In 2014 Penguin published a new translation by Linda Coverdale, titled The Night at the Crossroads.
In other media
It was dramatized as Night at the Crossroads in 1932 in a film written and directed by Jean Renoir, starring the director's brother Pierre Renoir as Inspector Maigret and in 2017 in the later ITV series, starring Rowan Atkinson. | WIKI |
Talk:Nosferatu The Vampire (musical)
All musicals listed in the musicals A - Z have their own individual pages. There are now other links to this page. | WIKI |
Category talk:Dune (franchise)
Fictional
I did some categorization fixup here. The ultimate goal is, that everything fictional will end up in subcategories of Category:Fictional, but not real life entities, like books, movies, authors and actors. See Category_talk:Fictional. Pjacobi 06:57, 12 Aug 2004 (UTC)
Perhaps brian herberts canon should be seperated and marked?
Just a thought, the stuff is really awful. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk • contribs) 02:05, April 27, 2006
* For the record, Frank Herbert works/references are differentiated from those of Brian Herbert/Kevin J. Anderson in the individual articles, as applicable. TAnthony 04:39, 12 June 2007 (UTC) | WIKI |
Ariakit
/
FormLabel
Renders a label associated with a form field, even if the field is not a native input.
If the field is a native input, select or textarea element, this component will render a native label element and rely on its htmlFor prop. Otherwise, it'll render a span element and rely on the aria-labelledby attribute on the form field instead. Clicking on the label will move focus to the field even if it's not a native input.
Code examples
const form = useFormStore({
email: "",
},
});
<Form store={form}>
<FormLabel name={form.names.email}>Email</Role>
<FormInput name={form.names.email} />
</Form>
Required Props
name
StringLike
Name of the field labeled by this element. This can either be a string or a reference to a field name from the names object in the store, for type safety.
Code examples
<FormLabel name="email">Email</FormLabel>
Optional Props
getItem
((props: CollectionStoreItem) => CollectionStoreItem) | undefined
A memoized function that returns props to be passed with the item during its registration in the store.
Code examples
const getItem = useCallback((data) => ({ ...data, custom: true }), []);
<CollectionItem getItem={getItem} />
id
string | undefined
The unique ID of the item. This will be used to register the item in the store and for the element's id attribute. If not provided, a unique ID will be automatically generated.
Live examples
render
RenderProp<React.HTMLAttributes<any> & React.RefAttributes<any>> | React.ReactElement<any, string | React.JSXElementConstructor<any>> | undefined
Allows the component to be rendered as a different HTML element or React component. The value can be a React element or a function that takes in the original component props and gives back a React element with the props merged.
Check out the Composition guide for more details.
shouldRegisterItem
boolean | undefined = true
Whether the item should be registered as part of the collection.
Live examples
store
FormStore<FormStoreValues> | undefined
Object returned by the useFormStore hook. If not provided, the closest Form or FormProvider components' context will be used.
Follow updates
Join 1,000+ subscribers and receive monthly updates with the latest improvements on API Reference.
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No Spam. Unsubscribe at any time. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
As the Covid-19 pandemic changes everyone’s daily lives—from stay-at-home policy; work-from-home; social distancing; limited supermarket hours; temporary closures of some establishments, businesses, malls, and schools; job loss; and economic downturn—so many things have changed in the past few months.
With uncertainty surrounding us—not knowing when things will go back to normal, it can be easy to give in to stress, anxiety and even depression during these challenging times. Situations are tough anywhere in the world—anyone is affected but while others are getting by, some others are having it worse.
So in this period where all are enforced to stay at home by the government, suddenly finding yourself holed up every day at home can pose challenges—not only about continuing to be productive for work but also on maintaining well-being.
So here are some ways and tips you can manage and keep your health in good shape despite the current conditions.
At-home exercises
Whether you regularly go to the gym or you’re the type who prefers simple exercises, now that everyone is spending their time at home, both sides are on the same boat. So if you’re thinking how you can continue your workout at home, it’s important to integrate the following for a full-body workout: upper and lower body, core exercises and cardio.
Just some examples of at-home exercises that ensure full-body workout and also don’t need equipment are squats—a foundational movement that maintains your function to bend and lift things; plank—a core strength exercise that builds the upper and lower body; P.E. class moves like jumping jacks and jump roping—both are excellent for getting your heart rate up; burpees—cardio and strength exercise rolled into one; lunges—mostly focusing on the lower body, but you can also include a shoulder press or bicep curl; and core and mat exercises—look for variations of sit-ups and crunches to toughen the back and abdomen.
Depending on your preference, you can also convert any of these exercise moves into a high-intensity workout. As recommended by Julie Jones, a wellness expert and personal trainer in an interview with Eating Well magazine, time each move to 20-30 seconds and place a few seconds of rest in between each move—doing so will allow you to have a feel of each move to know how comfortable you are.
COVID-19 brings limitations to our everyday lives, but that does not mean we need to succumb to it. Pain management is a blessing. If shoulder and knee pain stop you from enjoying life, don’t worry because Dr. Kim and his physical therapists will be with you along the way.
Be mindful of your mental health; be creative with your food
Besides your physical health, it’s equally as important to care for your mental health especially with the given conditions. If you think seeing the news stresses you and distracts you from the things you want to focus your attention on, then, by all means, tone down your consumption to just a few minutes.
What you can do instead is to take deep breaths, have your favorite drink, read that book you’ve been meaning to, hang out by the porch with your pet, do some gardening, connect with your family and friends online, binge-watch new shows, have a movie marathon, donate to those in need, eat your favorite foods, or cook.
Now isn’t the time to think about dieting, it’s okay to let yourself off the hook just this time. Be giving and kind to yourself, it helps you calm down amid the crisis going on.
As you also limit your grocery trips and for stocking purposes, it’s understandable to have a lot of processed and canned goods for now.
However, you can be a little creative in the kitchen to whip up healthier versions of meals using these goods such as making a smoothie with frozen fruit and shelf milk, vegetarian chili with canned tomatoes and beans, making a pot of soup, and adding vegetables to macaroni and cheese. You could also try out simple dishes with only a few ingredients.
In addition to getting at least 7-9 hours of sleep, drinking plenty of water and committing to intuitive eating; through practicing self-care, mindfulness, and balance, you are instilling normalcy to your every day—thus contributing to the universal goal of completely defeating Covid-19. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
AM 7.2.2
Scope evaluator plugin
This extension point retrieves and evaluates the scope information for an OAuth2 access token.
The default scopes implementation in AM treats scopes as profile attributes for the resource owner. When a resource server or other entity uses the access token to get token information from AM, AM populates the scopes with profile attribute values. For example, if one of the scopes is mail, AM sets mail to the resource owner’s email address in the token information returned.
The plugin lets you extend or modify this behavior by writing your own scope evaluator plugin to populate the scopes with custom values.
Default script
To view the default script, including the available script properties, see oauth2-evaluate-scope.js
To view or modify the default script in the AM admin UI, go to Realms > Realm Name > Scripts and select OAuth2 Evaluate Scope Script.
Java interface
org.forgerock.oauth2.core.plugins.ScopeEvaluator
Java sample
Show Sample Code
/*
* Copyright 2021-2022 ForgeRock AS. All Rights Reserved
*
* Use of this code requires a commercial software license with ForgeRock AS.
* or with one of its affiliates. All use shall be exclusively subject
* to such license between the licensee and ForgeRock AS.
*/
package org.forgerock.openam.examples;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.forgerock.oauth2.core.AccessToken;
import org.forgerock.oauth2.core.plugins.ScopeEvaluator;
/**
* Custom implementation of the Scope Evaluator
* plugin interface {@link org.forgerock.oauth2.core.plugins.ScopeEvaluator}
*
* <li>
* The {@code evaluateScope} method populates scope values to return.
* </li>
*
*/
public class CustomScopeEvaluator implements ScopeEvaluator {
@Override
public Map<String, Object> evaluateScope(AccessToken token) {
return mapScopes(token);
}
/**
* Set read and write permissions according to scope.
*
* @param token The access token presented for validation.
* @return The map of read and write permissions,
* with permissions set to {@code true} or {@code false},
* as appropriate.
*/
private Map<String, Object> mapScopes(AccessToken token) {
Set<String> scopes = token.getScope();
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
final String[] permissions = {"read", "write"};
for (String scope : permissions) {
if (scopes.contains(scope)) {
map.put(scope, true);
} else {
map.put(scope, false);
}
}
return map;
}
}
Example scope evaluator plugin
This example uses the Java sample provided by AM. Complete the following steps to implement a custom scope evaluator Java plugin that sets read and write values in the access token according to the scope information.
To configure AM to use a scripted scope evaluator plugin, refer to the steps described in Configure AM to use a scripted OAuth 2.0 plugin.
Create and deploy the sample scope evaluator Java plugin
1. Clone the sample code and build a JAR file by following the steps described in How do I access and build the sample code provided for AM? in the Knowledge Base.
Files Included in the Sample
pom.xml
Apache Maven project file for the module.
This file specifies how to build the sample, and specifies its dependencies on AM components.
src/main/java/org/forgerock/openam/examples/CustomScopeEvaluator.java
Sample class for the Scope Evaluator OAuth 2.0 plugin.
After you successfully build the project, you find the openam-scope-sample-7.2.0.jar in the openam-samples/openam-scope-sample/target directory of the project.
2. Copy the built JAR file to the /WEB-INF/lib folder where you deployed AM.
3. Restart AM or the container in which it runs.
Configure AM to use the custom scope evaluator plugin
Perform this task to set up an OAuth 2.0 provider that uses the sample scope evaluator Java implementation.
1. Log in to the AM admin UI as an administrator.
For example, amAdmin.
2. Configure the provider to ensure the following properties are set:
• Scope Evaluation Plugin Type to JAVA.
• Scope Evaluation Plugin Implementation Class to org.forgerock.openam.examples.CustomScopeEvaluator.
By default, a new OAuth 2.0 provider uses the default Java implementation.
3. Save your changes.
Create an OAuth2 client
Create an OAuth 2.0 client to use in the client credentials grant flow.
1. In the AM admin UI, go to Realms > Realm Name > Applications > OAuth 2.0 > Clients, and click Add Client.
2. Enter the following values:
• Client ID: myClient
• Client secret: forgerock
• Redirection URIs: https://www.example.com:443/callback
• Scope(s): read write
3. Click Create.
4. In Advanced > Grant Types, add Client Credentials.
5. Save your changes.
AM is now configured for you to try the sample scope evaluator script.
Try the custom scope evaluator Java plugin
To try the custom scope evaluator plugin, use the Client credentials grant flow.
1. Send a POST request to the /oauth2/access_token endpoint, specifying the grant type as client_credentials, scope as read, and your client details.
For example:
$ curl \
--request POST \
--data "grant_type=client_credentials" \
--data "client_id=myClient" \
--data "client_secret=forgerock" \
--data "scope=read" \
"https://openam.example.com:8443/openam/oauth2/realms/root/realms/alpha/access_token"
{
"access_token": "M3M2Jb2SMjvgWhzNas2SVy2LALg",
"scope": "read",
"token_type": "Bearer",
"expires_in": 3599
}
2. Call the oauth2/tokeninfo endpoint to inspect the custom scope values. Include the access token obtained in the previous request.
For example:
$ curl \
"https://openam.example.com:8443/openam/oauth2/realms/root/realms/alpha/tokeninfo\
?access_token=M3M2Jb2SMjvgWhzNas2SVy2LALg"
{
"access_token": "M3M2Jb2SMjvgWhzNas2SVy2LALg",
"read": true,
"grant_type": "client_credentials",
"auditTrackingId": "f9a8395d-1bac-4cba-8b09-8cc336dc49e2-6810",
"scope": ["read"],
"realm": "/alpha",
"token_type": "Bearer",
"expires_in": 3583,
"authGrantId": "l3355H89FDSWsfdKJmvWssGk_oE",
"write": false,
"client_id": "myClient"
}
As seen in this example, the requested scope read is authorized, but the write scope has not been authorized.
OAuth 2.0 scope evaluator plugin scripting API
The following properties are available to scope evaluator scripts, in addition to the common OAuth 2.0 properties.
Show script properties
accessToken
The access token to be updated.
identity
Contains a representation of the identity of the resource owner.
For more details, see the com.sun.identity.idm.AMIdentity class in the ForgeRock Access Management Javadoc.
Copyright © 2010-2024 ForgeRock, all rights reserved. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mo Stegall
The result was delete. ItsZippy (talk • contributions) 20:52, 5 June 2012 (UTC)
Mo Stegall
* – ( View AfD View log • Stats )
I'm concerned about the notability of Mr. Stegall. He doesn't get as many hits as other motivational speakers and most of the content isn't reliable. There is also a lot of content in this that is uncited about a BLP. A possible AfD? (Please do not take this personal!) Sarah (talk) 16:52, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Authors-related deletion discussions. • Gene93k (talk) 19:31, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
* Delete. I can't find anything online beyond extremely local coverage. DoctorKubla (talk) 20:28, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
* No opinion, slight lean towards keep, but here are some sources. Ryan Vesey Review me! 20:59, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
* Appearance on Chris Treece radio show
* Appearance on the Kiner hour radio show
* All American Speakers profile (I wouldn't consider this a reliable source; however, the organization works with booking people such as George Lopez, Jeff Foxworthy, etc.; although, it appears like it may be a listing of every possible speaker who ever existed.
* Article in Creative Loafing
* recruited by the United Negro College Fund
* Appearance on "The Brass Ring" online radio show
* Master of Ceremonies for Alabama Community Healthy Marriage Initiative 2010 summit
* Keep. I have found more creditable sources
* Keynote Speaker. Area 8 Project UNIFY® “Spread the Word to End the Word™” Anti-Bullying Summit Brings Unity to the CommunitySpecial Olympics
* Appearance on the Mother Love. ShowNationally Syndicated Mother Love Show Mother Love
* Empowerment Ambassador.National Urban League I Am Empowered Ambassador National Urban League — Preceding unsigned comment added by Stonehedge54 (talk • contribs) 04:09, 2 June 2012 (UTC)
* Keep per sources found by Stonehedge54 and I. Ryan Vesey Review me! 06:28, 2 June 2012 (UTC)
* Comment But are those reliable sources? Sarah (talk) 16:18, 2 June 2012 (UTC)
* Delete I very emphatically do not consider the sources reliable for notability. They are essentially all in the nature of mere listings or press releases. allamericanspeakers.com in particular doesn't show notability, and I am not even sure of reliability for the facts in a BLP. DGG ( talk ) 04:05, 3 June 2012 (UTC)
* Delete per DGG.--Milowent • hasspoken 11:57, 5 June 2012 (UTC)
* Delete Google search finds self-referential listings, social media, and (of course) this article. Google News Archive finds a few mentions in the Charlotte Observer, otherwise nothing. Way short of what is required for notability, which needs reliable sources ABOUT the subject, not just quoting or mentioning him. --MelanieN (talk) 18:11, 5 June 2012 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Enbridge To Re-engage With Stakeholders On Canadian Mainline System
(RTTNews) - Responding to the Canada Energy Regulator's (CER) November 26, 2021 decision to deny the implementation of contracting for firm service on the Enbridge Canadian Mainline system, Enbridge Inc. (ENB, ENB.TO) said that it will re-engage with stakeholders to receive input on key objectives and variables that are important in considering the future commercial framework, the current industry outlook and desire for future expansion of the Mainline.
The company noted that CER denied the application on the basis that, among other things, contracting as proposed would result in a significant change to access the Canadian Mainline and potentially inequitable outcomes to some shippers and non-shippers without a compelling justification. The Canada Energy Regulator confirmed Enbridge's existing process for downstream verification and that interim tolls would stay in effect.
Enbridge said Sunday that it will explore, with stakeholders, alternatives that may include: a modified and extended Competitive Tolling Settlement agreement, a new incentive rate-making agreement, or a COS rate-making structure. Any negotiated settlement would require Canada Energy Regulator approval before implementation.
The most recent incentive agreement, called the Competitive Tolling Settlement or CTS Agreement, expired in June 2021; therefore, the Mainline is currently under interim tolls (subject to refund) and which will stay in effect until new tolls are approved by the Canada Energy Regulator or CER.
Meanwhile, Enbridge said it will prepare a COS application for the Canadian Mainline, which will be filed with the CER if Enbridge, after consultation with stakeholders, concludes that an agreement to continue with incentive rate making is not achievable.
Enbridge expects the preceding steps to begin in the coming weeks, although the negotiating process may take through 2022. The company expects the subsequent CER review and decision process to conclude in 2023.
Based on the company's review of the CER decision and other factors, Enbridge anticipates that the range of financial outcomes associated with an alternative commercial model will be manageable and is not expected to materially impact Enbridge's financial results.
Enbridge noted that it will provide its 2022 guidance, longer term outlook and strategic priorities at Enbridge Day on December 7th, 2021, in Toronto.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Why we should applaud Trump's executive order on anti-Semitism | TheHill
President TrumpDonald John TrumpRepublican group targets Graham in ad calling for fair Senate trial Democratic presidential candidates react to Trump impeachment: 'No one is above the law' Trump attacks Schumer at fiery rally in Michigan MORE’s new executive order codifies longstanding Department of Education Office of Civil Rights (OCR) policy that, for the purposes of Title VI discrimination claims, Jewish students are protected against anti-Semitism. It also says that when evaluating these claims, the department should consider the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance’s (IHRA’s) definition of anti-Semitism. The IHRA definition is widely accepted, and long has been used by our federal government. Critics claim that the definition is too broad and that the president’s order is an attack on free speech. These critics are wrong, for five reasons: First, the order does not, in any way, restrict or prohibit speech. Every person is free to say what they want, however abhorrent, about Jews and/or the Jewish state. As the Supreme Court in Tinker v. Des Moines explained, “The vigilant protection of constitutional freedoms is nowhere more vital than in the community of American schools.” Hate speech is protected, obviously, but that does not mean that we cannot call it what it is: hateful. When that speech rises to the level of discriminatory harassment, with or without accompanying acts, then and only then is regulation appropriate. Speech codes are constitutionally problematic; regulating discriminatory conduct is not. Second, for there to be a violation of free speech, the order would have to be about private speech, not government speech. All this order does is explain how the government defines anti-Semitism. The Supreme Court, in Walker v. Texas Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans, Inc. held that “[w]hen government speaks, it is not barred by the Free Speech Clause from determining the content of what it says.” Without this exemption, the government “would [simply] not work.” The order merely expresses the government’s position on the issue, explains how it will define anti-Semitism as it relates to harassment (not speech), and notifies the public. Third, for those who would raise the specter of viewpoint discrimination, the answer once again is right there in Walker: “We have … refused [t]o hold that the Government unconstitutionally discriminates on the basis of viewpoint when it chooses to fund a program dedicated to advance certain permissible goals, because the program in advancing those goals necessarily discourages alternative goals.” The government is free to advance its own permissible goals, and doing so is not viewpoint discrimination. Fourth, the order does not chill speech, because there is no threat that the government will ever investigate or bar permissible speech of any kind. The order only addresses harassment, and speech that rises to the level of harassment is already impermissible. Fifth, the order does not create any gray area of overly broad speech/act non-distinction. It uses the longstanding definition of harassing conduct in Title XI and Title VI cases, a definition that has been upheld numerous times in a variety of cases and contexts. To the extent that speech is at all implicated, it is only to clarify what is considered discriminatory towards Jewish people within those contexts in which the law has declared discrimination unacceptable. The order affects conduct that is so “severe, pervasive or persistent so as to interfere with or limit the ability of the victim to participate in or benefit from an educational service, activity, opportunity or privilege.” The fact is that anti-Semitism remains a disturbing problem in American society. Data show that Jews consistently are the most likely of all religious groups to be victimized by incidents of hate, and that such incidents are increasing at an alarming rate. On campuses around the country, anti-Semitism has become entrenched and systemic; recent studies show that the number of Jewish students experiencing anti-Semitism on campuses across the United States had spiked to nearly 75 percent. History tells us that anti-Semitism is often just a form of gateway racism, the proverbial “canary in the coal mine of intolerance.” As Ahmed Shaheed, the United Nations special rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief, noted in his recent Human Rights Council report on anti-Semitism: “Anti-Semitism, if left unchecked by governments, poses risks not only to Jews, but also to members of other minority communities. Antis-Semitism is toxic to democracy and mutual respect of citizens and threatens all societies in which it goes unchallenged.” Until now, the absence of a legal definition of anti-Semitism has been an Achilles’ heel for those who expect colleges and universities to take a stronger stand against campus anti-Semitism. Valid monitoring, informed analysis and investigation, and effective policy-making all require uniform definitions. While there can be no exhaustive definition of anti-Semitism, because it can take many forms, the IHRA definition has been an essential tool for identifying contemporary manifestations of anti-Semitism. While some object to the idea that the Jewish people fall under Title VI’s rubric of race, color or national origin, such objections are misplaced. First, the OCR has placed Jews, Muslims and other religious groups under Title VI’s jurisdiction since 2004. Second, as any proponent of intersectionality theory should agree, Jewish people can see themselves as a lot of things — a race, nation, religion, ethnicity, culture, etc. Clarifying that for purposes of anti-discrimination provisions is entirely not problematic. Jewish students need protection; at this writing, more than a half-dozen states are considering similar legislation. As one of the primary drafters of these state bills, I applaud the Trump administration for demonstrating leadership and sending a message that intolerance is unacceptable. Government officials and institutions have a responsibility to protect citizens from acts of hate and bigotry motivated by discriminatory animus, including anti-Semitism, and must be given the tools to do so. President Trump’s executive order is one such tool, and as such it should be celebrated. Mark Goldfeder is a law professor and special counsel at the American Center for Law and Justice, a nonprofit organization dedicated to the defense of constitutional liberties, where he specializes in the First Amendment and anti-Semitism. He serves on President Trump’s personal legal team in matters unrelated to anti-Semitism. View the discussion thread. The Hill 1625 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington DC 20006 | 202-628-8500 tel | 202-628-8503 fax The contents of this site are ©2019 Capitol Hill Publishing Corp., a subsidiary of News Communications, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
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Open access
Raku Son, Masahiko Nagahama, Fumiaki Tanemoto, Yugo Ito, Fumika Taki, Ryosuke Tsugitomi and Masaaki Nakayama
Summary
The etiology of hyponatremia is assessed based on urine osmolality and sodium. We herein describe a 35-year-old Asian man with pulmonary tuberculosis and perforated duodenal ulcer who presented with hyponatremia with hourly fluctuating urine osmolality ranging from 100 to 600 mosmol/kg, which resembled urine osmolality observed in typical polydipsia and SIADH simultaneously. Further review revealed correlation of body temperature and urine osmolality. Since fever is a known non-osmotic stimulus of ADH secretion, we theorized that hyponatremia in this patient was due to transient ADH secretion due to fever. In our case, empiric exogenous glucocorticoid suppressed transient non-osmotic ADH secretion and urine osmolality showed highly variable concentrations. Transient ADH secretion-related hyponatremia may be underrecognized due to occasional empiric glucocorticoid administration in patients with critical illnesses. Repeatedly monitoring of urine chemistries and interpretation of urine chemistries with careful review of non-osmotic stimuli of ADH including fever is crucial in recognition of this etiology.
Learning points:
• Hourly fluctuations in urine osmolality can be observed in patients with fever, which is a non-osmotic stimulant of ADH secretion.
• Repeated monitoring of urine chemistries aids in the diagnosis of the etiology underlying hyponatremia, including fever, in patients with transient ADH secretion.
• Glucocorticoid administration suppresses ADH secretion and improves hyponatremia even in the absence of adrenal insufficiency; the etiology of hyponatremia should be determined carefully in these patients.
Open access
E Sanz-Sapera, S Sarria-Estrada, F Arikan and B Biagetti
Summary
Pituitary apoplexy is a rare but potentially life-threatening clinical syndrome characterised by ischaemic infarction or haemorrhage into a pituitary tumour that can lead to spontaneous remission of hormonal hypersecretion. We report the case of a 50-year-old man who attended the emergency department for sudden onset of headache. A computed tomography (CT) scan at admission revealed pituitary haemorrhage and the blood test confirmed the clinical suspicion of acromegaly and an associated hypopituitarism. The T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed the classic pituitary ring sign on the right side of the pituitary. Following admission, he developed acute-onset hyponatraemia that required hypertonic saline administration, improving progressively. Surprisingly, during the follow-up, IGF1 levels became normal and he progressively recovered pituitary function.
Learning points:
• Patients with pituitary apoplexy may have spontaneous remission of hormonal hypersecretion. If it is not an emergency, we should delay a decision to undertake surgery following apoplexy and re-evaluate hormone secretion.
• Hyponatraemia is an acute sign of hypocortisolism in pituitary apoplexy. However, SIADH although uncommon, could appear later as a consequence of direct hypothalamic insult and requires active and individualised treatment. For this reason, closely monitoring sodium at the beginning of the episode and throughout the first week is advisable to guard against SIADH.
• Despite being less frequent, if pituitary apoplexy is limited to the tumour, the patient can recover pituitary function previously damaged by the undiagnosed macroadenoma.
Open access
Ilan Rahmani Tzvi-Ran, Judith Olchowski, Merav Fraenkel, Asher Bashiri and Leonid Barski
Summary
A previously healthy 24-year-old female underwent an emergent caesarean section without a major bleeding described. During the first post-operative days (POD) she complained of fatigue, headache and a failure to lactate with no specific and conclusive findings on head CT. On the following days, fever rose with a suspicion of an obstetric surgery-related infection, again with no evidence to support the diagnosis. On POD5 a new-onset hyponatremia was documented. The urine analysis suggested SIADH, and following a treatment failure, further investigation was performed and demonstrated both central hypothyroidism and adrenal insufficiency. The patient was immediately treated with hydrocortisone followed by levothyroxine with a rapid resolution of symptoms and hyponatremia. Further laboratory investigation demonstrated anterior hypopituitarism. The main differential diagnosis was Sheehan’s syndrome vs lymphocytic hypophysitis. Brain MRI was performed as soon as it was available and findings consistent with Sheehan’s syndrome confirmed the diagnosis. Lifelong hormonal replacement therapy was initiated. Further complaints on polyuria and polydipsia have led to a water deprivation testing and the diagnosis of partial central insipidus and appropriate treatment with DDAVP.
Learning points:
• Sheehan’s syndrome can occur, though rarely, without an obvious major post-partum hemorrhage.
• The syndrome may resemble lymphocytic hypophysitis clinically and imaging studies may be crucial in order to differentiate both conditions.
• Hypopituitarism presentation may be variable and depends on the specific hormone deficit.
• Euvolemic hyponatremia workup must include thyroid function test and 08:00 AM cortisol levels.
Open access
Victoria John, Philip Evans and Atul Kalhan
Summary
A 65-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency unit with a 48 h history of generalised weakness and confusion. On examination, she had mild slurring of speech although there was no other focal neurological deficit. She had profound hyponatraemia (serum sodium level of 100 mmol/L) on admission with the rest of her metabolic parameters being within normal range. Subsequent investigations confirmed the diagnosis of small-cell lung cancer with paraneoplastic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD). She was monitored closely in high-dependency unit with an attempt to cautiously correct her hyponatraemia to prevent sequelae associated with rapid correction. The patient developed prolonged psychosis (lasting over 2 weeks) and displayed delayed dyskinetic movements, even after a gradual increase in serum sodium levels close to 130 mmol/L. To our knowledge, delayed neurological recovery from profound hyponatraemia (without long-term neurological sequelae) has previously not been reported. This case should alert a clinician regarding the possibility of prolonged although reversible psychosis and dyskinetic movements in a patient presenting with profound symptomatic hyponatraemia.
Learning points:
• Patients with profound hyponatraemia may develop altered sensorium, dyskinesia and psychotic behaviour.
• Full recovery from psychotic symptoms and dyskinesia may be delayed despite cautious correction of serum sodium levels.
• Careful and close monitoring of such patients can help avoid long-term neurological sequelae.
Open access
Ruben H Willemsen, Violeta Delgado-Carballar, Daniela Elleri, Ajay Thankamony, G A Amos Burke, James C Nicholson and David B Dunger
Summary
An 11-year-old boy developed severe syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) after diagnosis of an intracranial B-cell lymphoma. His sodium levels dropped to 118–120 mmol/L despite 70% fluid restriction. For chemotherapy, he required hyperhydration, which posed a challenge because of severe hyponatraemia. Tolvaptan is an oral, highly selective arginine vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist, which has been licensed in adults for the management of SIADH and has been used in treating paediatric heart failure. Tolvaptan gradually increased sodium levels and allowed liberalisation of fluid intake and hyperhydration. Tolvaptan had profound effects on urinary output in our patient with increases up to 8 mL/kg/h and required close monitoring of fluid balance, frequent sodium measurements and adjustments to intake. After hyperhydration, tolvaptan was stopped, and the lymphoma went into remission with reversal of SIADH. We report one of the first uses of tolvaptan in a child with SIADH, and it was an effective and safe treatment to manage severe SIADH when fluid restriction was not possible or effective. However, meticulous monitoring of fluid balance and sodium levels and adjustments of fluid intake are required to prevent rapid sodium changes.
Learning points:
• Tolvaptan can be used in paediatric patients with SIADH to allow hyperhydration during chemotherapy.
• Tolvaptan has profound effects on urinary output and meticulous monitoring of fluid balance and sodium
levels is therefore warranted.
• Tolvaptan was well tolerated without significant side effects.
Open access
Michael Dick, Sarah R Catford, Kavita Kumareswaran, Peter Shane Hamblin and Duncan J Topliss
Summary
The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) can occur following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but is usually transient. There are very few case reports describing chronic SIADH and all resolved within 12 months, except for one case complicated by meningo-encephalitis. Persistent symptomatic hyponatremia due to chronic SIADH was present for 4 years following a TBI in a previously well 32-year-old man. Hyponatremia consistent with SIADH initially occurred in the immediate period following a high-speed motorbike accident in 2010. There were associated complications of post-traumatic amnesia and mild cognitive deficits. Normalization of serum sodium was achieved initially with fluid restriction. However, this was not sustained and he subsequently required a permanent 1.2 l restriction to maintain near normal sodium levels. Multiple episodes of acute symptomatic hyponatremia requiring hospitalization occurred over the following years when he repeatedly stopped the fluid restriction. Given the ongoing nature of his hyponatremia and difficulties complying with strict fluid restriction, demeclocycline was commenced in 2014. Normal sodium levels without fluid restriction have been maintained for 6 months since starting demeclocycline. This case illustrates an important long-term effect of TBI, the challenges of complying with permanent fluid restrictions and the potential role of demeclocycline in patients with chronic hyponatremia due to SIADH.
Learning points
• Hyponatraemia due to SIADH commonly occurs after TBI, but is usually mild and transient.
• Chronic hyponatraemia due to SIADH following TBI is a rare but important complication.
• It likely results from damage to the pituitary stalk or posterior pituitary causing inappropriate non-osmotic hypersecretion of ADH.
• First line management of SIADH is generally fluid restriction, but hypertonic saline may be required in severe cases. Adherence to long-term fluid restriction is challenging. Other options include oral urea, vasopressin receptor antagonists and demeclocycline.
• While effective, oral urea is poorly tolerated and vasopressin receptor antagonists are currently not licensed for use in Australia or the USA beyond 30 days due to insufficient long-term safety data and specific concerns of hepatotoxicity.
• Demeclocycline is an effective, well-tolerated and safe option for management of chronic hyponatraemia due to SIADH. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Tackling Build Failures in Continuous Integration
Date
2020
Authors
Hassan, Foyzul
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
In popular continuous integration(CI) practice, coding is followed by building, integration and system testing, pre-release inspection and deploying artifacts. This can reduce integration time and speed up the development process. At CI environment, dedicated infrastructure with different build systems such as Make, Ant, Maven, Gradle, Bazel, etc. are used to automate CI tasks like compilation, test invocation, etc. For continuous integration, developers describe build process though build scripts such as build.xml for Ant, pom.xml for Maven, and build.gradle for Gradle. But with the growing functionality and CI requirement, build scripts can very complex and may require frequent maintenance. Meanwhile, a large number of continuous integration failures may interrupt normal software development so that they need to be repaired as soon as possible. According to the TravisTorrent dataset of open-source software continuous integration, 22% of code commits include changes in build script files to maintain build scripts or to resolve CI failures.CI failures bring both challenges and opportunities to fault localization and program repair techniques. On the challenge side, unlike traditional fault localization scenarios (e.g., unit testing, regression testing) where only source code needs to be considered, CI failures can also be caused by build configuration errors and environment changes. Actually, the CI practice has made it a necessity for developers to automate the software build process with build scripts and configuration files. As a result, the build maintenance needs a substantial amount of developer efforts, and developer's carelessness may lead to defects in build scripts also. On the opportunity side, the scenario of continuous integration provides rich code commit history and build logs from previous passing builds and current failing builds. Such information sources are often not available in other application scenarios. Taking advantage of these additional information sources, we may be able to further improve the accuracy of automatic repair and fault localization for CI failures. Automated program repair techniques have great potential to reduce the cost of resolving software failures, but the existing techniques mostly focus on repairing source code so that they cannot directly help resolving software CI failures. To address this limitation, we proposed the first approach to automatic patch generation for build scripts, using fix patterns automatically generated from existing build script fixes and recommending fix patterns based on build log similarity. Apart from build script, CI failures are often a combination of test failures and build failures, and sometimes both source code and various build scripts need to be touched in the repair of one failure. To address this issue, we proposed a unified technique to localize faults in both source code and build scripts given CI failures. Adopting the information retrieval (IR) strategy, UniLoc locates buggy files by treating source code and build scripts as documents to search, and by considering build logs as search queries. However, instead of naively applying an off-the-shelf IR technique to these software artifacts, for more accurate fault localization, UniLoc (Unified Fault Localization) applies various domain-specific heuristics to optimize the search queries, search space, and ranking formulas. However, UniLoc can localize faults up to file level and limited to find faults in source code and build scripts. In the future, we are planning to expand our fault localization approach to the source code and build script block level to assist developers and automatic repair approaches better. Finally, beyond source code and build scripts, there are also other types of files to be involved during software repair, especially in other scenarios. For example, in the fault localization of web applications, we need to consider Html files, css files, client-side JavaScript files and server side source code. We plan to adapt our technique to more scenarios with heterogeneous bug locations. Proposed CI fault localization technique with program repair can be a handy solution to fix a range of CI failures.
Description
This item is available only to currently enrolled UTSA students, faculty or staff.
Keywords
Continuous Integration, Fault Localization, Program Repair, Software Build Process
Citation
Department
Computer Science | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wednesday, 14 January 2015
Remove A Processor Fused To A Heatsink
A heatsink helps to keep a computer's processor from getting too hot. When it's time to replace the processor, the extreme heat sometimes fuses the two items together. Plus too much thermal compound can make the problem even worse. It is possible to remove a fused processor, but you have to be extremely careful not to do any damage.
Instructions
1. Shut down the computer. Unplug the computer from the electrical outlet. Remove the cords from the back of the CPU.
2. Open the computer case with a screwdriver to expose the processor and the heatsink. Remove the pair from the computer shell by releasing any clips that hold them in place.
3. Pull the processor straight up from the heatsink with your hands. If that doesn't work, gently rock the processor side by side. If rocking doesn't let you remove the fused processor from its heatsink, try gently twisting the processor. Do not bend the pins and do not use a sharp metal object to try to separate the two.
4. Soak the processor in 90 to 95% isopropyl alcohol for less than 5 minutes to loosen the thermal compound between the processor and the heatsink. Anything longer than that may damage the processor.
5. Pull off a length of dental floss. Start the dental floss on one corner. If you cannot get the floss to release the heatsink from the first corner, try another corner.
6. Try to work one end of floss between the heatsink and the processor. Gently pull the floss from one side to the other until the fused processor pops off the heatsink.
Tags: fused processor, dental floss, from heatsink, heatsink Remove, processor from, processor heatsink, remove fused | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
A Document of Dissent: 1993–2013
A Document of Dissent: 1993–2013 is a compilation album by the punk band Anti-Flag. The album was released on July 21, 2014, on Fat Wreck Chords. It marked the band's first release on the label since The Terror State, in 2003.
The album contains 26 tracks recorded and released by the band between 1996 and 2012, each newly remastered by Mass Giorgini.
Personnel
Anti-Flag
* Justin Sane – guitar, vocals
* Pat Thetic – drums
* Chris Head – guitar, vocals (tracks 3–26)
* Chris #2 – bass, vocals (tracks 3–26)
* Andy Flag – bass, vocals (tracks 1–2) | WIKI |
User:Wopio
JOHN FERRARA
Global award winning Photographer working mainly in the Advertising / Design industry. Living in the U.K. Born in Senechia Avellino Italy ( 1948 ). Has Five children -Lisa -Stella - Carlo - Laura - Joshua | WIKI |
Sailing Strategies
An Application Involving Stochastics, Optimization, and Statistics (SOS)
If the Java applet fails to start due to Java Security issues, click here.
Sorry! Your browser can't run 1.0 Java applets. To see this demo, consider upgrading your browser.
Introduction
A Sailboat Consider a sailor who wishes to sail from one point (A) to another (B) in the shortest possible time (for example, in a race). To create a simple model of such a situation, suppose that the lake is represented by a 2-dimensional square n-by-n grid of waypoints. Every path from A to B consists of a sequence of legs, the endpoints of which must be waypoints. Suppose further that the only legs that the sailor considers are legs connecting one waypoint to one of its 8 neighbors (found by sailing N, S, E, W, NE, SE, SW, or NW from the current point).
Time as a Function of Wind Angle
The boat's speed depends on the relative angle between the boat's heading and the wind's direction. For example, the boat cannot sail directly into the wind. If, however, the wind is at 45 degrees to the boat's heading, we say that the boat is on an upwind tack. On such a tack, it takes 4 minutes to sail from one waypoint to a nearest neighbor. But, if the wind is at 90 degrees to the boat's heading, the boat moves faster through the water and can reach the next waypoint in only 3 minutes. Such a tack is called a crosswind tack. If the wind is a quartering tailwind, we say that the boat is on a downwind tack---such a tack takes 2 minutes. Finally, if the boat is sailing directly downwind, we say that it is on an away tack.
Starboard Vs. Port Tacks
If the wind is hitting the left side of the sails (as in the picture) we say that the boat is on a port tack. If, on the other hand, the wind is on the right-hand side, we say that it is a starboard tack. Changing from a port to a starboard tack (or vice versa) takes time since it involves stearing the boat straight into the wind and moving the sails from one side of the boat to the other. Expert sailors can do this with great finesse, but, for beginners, the boat might come dead in the water and it can take awhile to get it going again. We assume that our sailor wastes 3 minutes for every such change of tack. This time is refered to as the tacking delay.
Deterministic Vs. Stochastic Models
If the wind blows constantly from one direction, then it is fairly straightforward to use the information given above to find the best path from A to B. Such a path would involve just one change of direction. But, winds have a tendency to change (both in direction and in intensity). To keep our model simple, we assume that the intensity is constant but its direction can change from one leg to the next (we assume, rather artificially, that the wind only changes when the boat is at a waypoint). The new wind comes from one of three directions: either from the same direction as the old wind, or from 45 degrees to the left or to the right of the old wind. We allow the user (i.e., you) to set the probabilities for each of these scenarios.
Stochastic Optimization
The data described above can be put into a precise mathematical model, called a dynamic programming model, and solved on a computer. By pushing the button at the bottom of this page you can solve this problem on your computer.
Simulation
Once the problem has been solved, it remains an issue as to how to present it since the optimal strategy depends on four independent pieces of information: (i) the current latitude, (ii) the current longitude, (iii) the wind direction for the next leg, and (iv) whether the previous leg was a port tack or a starboard tack. A table showing all possibilities would be huge even for a small lake. Therefore, we prefer to show some specific realizations generated using your computer's random number generator. The process of generating these realizations is called a simulation. The simulations are produced in such a manner that, if a large number of them are generated, the empirically observed wind change probabilities will eventually approach those given as input to the model. When you press the button below, your computer will calculate the optimal solution to the dynamic programming problem and then produce one simulation which will be shown graphically. To generate subsequent simulations, press either the "Simulate" button to generate them 1 at a time or the "Simulate 100" button to do 100 all at once.
Statistics
At any time, you can push the "View Stats" button to get a graphical summary of all the simulations done since the last "Calculate". In addition, the following statistics are shown: the minimum time, the maximum time, the mean time (i.e., average time), and the median time.
Stochastics, Optimization, and Statistics at Princeton
If this example seems interesting to you and you are a student looking for a place to do your undergraduate or your graduate studies, then you might want to consider our undergraduate program in Engineering Managment Systems or our graduate program in Statistics and Operations Research. In addition to learning about these neat things, you can also take up sailing on nearby Lake Carnegie. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Setting Up Crestron RoomView Support
To set up your projector for monitoring and control using a Crestron RoomView system, make sure your computer and projector are connected to the network.
Note: If you want to use the Crestron RoomView system when the projector is turned off, you need to adjust the Standby Mode settings in the Extended menu.
1. Press the Menu button.
2. Select the Network menu and press Enter.
3. Select Network Configuration and press Enter.
4. Select the Others menu and press Enter.
5. Set the Crestron RoomView setting to On to allow the projector to be detected.
Note: Enabling Crestron RoomView disables the Epson Message Broadcasting feature in the EasyMP Monitor software.
6. When you finish selecting settings, select Complete and follow the on-screen instructions to save your settings and exit the menus.
7. Turn off the projector, then turn it on again to enable the setting.
Was this page helpful? Yes or No.
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The ‘Treaty of Amritsar’ was an established agreement between the current Maharaja ofPunjab, Ranjit Singh and the British East India Company. This document represented Anglo-Sikh relations. It was formed when Napoleon was attacking many European countries. Outof fear the British sent Mr. Charles Metcalfe to the Sikh Court bearing gifts to the Maharaja,saying the English would like to maintain congenial relations with them. Willingly theMaharaja agreed, and the treaty was signed on April 25th, 1809. It was beneficial for the SikhEmpire because it kept the British as allies rather than foes for the majority of Punjabs’Golden Era’. The entente stated that the British were able to keep all the land south of theSutlej River in their possession and the Sikh kingdom was able to keep the land which wasnorth of the river. Even though this meant that the Sikhs would not be able to expand theirkingdom throughout all of India, but they did not think too much of it since it kept theirrelationship with the British on friendly terms. Alongside deciding who receives what part ofwhich land in the country; the treaty also affirms that the British would not attack Punjabwhile Ranjit Singh reigned as the ruler of state. The treaty was written to be in favour of theBritish rather than Sikhs.One of the biggests benefits the Sikhs received from signing the ‘Treaty of Amritsar’ washaving gregarious association with the British Empire. Signing the document would leaveRanjit Singh’s reign peaceful.Since Punjab did not have to worry about a war with theBritish this left the Maharaja more than enough time to capture many other territories inIndia like; Jammu, Gujarat, Attock, Peshawar, Multan, ect.. While capturing these locationsnot only did Ranjit Singh create a larger army, and kingdom but he created one of the bestnations of the era. There were people of different caste, creed, colour, religion, culture,living together in one neighbourhood expressing unity. When the Maharaja captured a newpremise he would see if the current ruler was fit to govern the area. If they were not then theMaharaja would punish them of their deeds and provide the domain of a new ruler. Thisgave the appearance of Ranjit Singh as an impeccable leader and the ruler of a succulentkingdom. So if the English ever did decide to break the treaty, the Sikhs would be prepared.Fortunately they never did.The ‘Treaty of Amritsar’ explained that the British would not declare war on Punjab aslong as Ranjit Singh was on the throne. After this agreement was signed the Maharajareigned over the throne for thirty more years. Maharaja Ranjit Singh expected his successorPrince Kharag Singh to be fully trained on how to run a kingdom by then but little did heknow due to unknown reasons Prince Kharag was never thoroughly taught how to run thedomain. After his father’s death when Kharag was given the throne he started to neglect allstate affairs entirely and busy himself doing things he enjoyed such as; womanising, opium,wine, and drinking. With the carelessness of the new king, the downfall of Punjab hadbegun. Shortly after the throne was given to Kharag Singh he passed away with Mercurypoisoning. After the King’s short period as regent his son Naunihal Singh was awarded thethrone. The day he was given his hand to Punjab Naunihal Singh passed away. AfterNaunihal Singh had passed away from such a brutal death his uncle Sher Singh was giventhe throne. He was one of the only sons of Ranjit Singh whom actually had slight knowledgeof how to run such a big empire. Dolefully Sher Singh was shot with an arrow and passedaway. All of the earlier deaths of princes were rumoured to be done by two Dogra brothers:Gulab Singh and Suchet Singh. The last heir to the throne was Duleep Singh. Duleep wasonly 5 years old when he received the throne, his mother, Jind Kaur, as regent of the realm.This is when the British knew the Sikh Empire was at its lowest and decided to attack.These attacks led to the first (1845-1846) and second (1848-1489) Anglo-Sikh wars and someminor battles in between. None of these successors were ever properly trained to becomekings hence the degradation of the imperium. When Duleep’s time to reign came the Britishcaptured and exiled his mother and the East India Company took over, leaving Punjab to godown. Duleep was kidnapped by the British, and forced to convert religions. Duleep didn’tremember anything of the beautiful Sikh Kingdom that his father worked so hard to build.The only thing the ‘Black Prince’ (of Perthshire), had known about the empire was themesmerising stories his mother used to reminisce about. When the British attacked not onlydid they do it so strategically even the Sikhs couldn’t figure it out but they also had spiessending them information also receiving instructions. These spies were none other than TejSingh and Lal Singh, the commanders of the army. They were spies of the English out ofgreed and selfishness. These two Sikhs were offered gold, riches, fame, and their ownkingdoms to rule over. They deserted the Sikhs during the early stages of the battlesfollowing the first Anglo-Sikh war. The following events are examples of how the treaty hadbeen written in the English’s favour. If there had been any child who was fully inculcated toinherit the seat of royalty this would not have been a problem; but it is clear no child wouldhave been able to replace Ranjit Singh’s intellect and responsibility. Leaving the British tohave the upper hand in the end.The English and Punjabi’s have a very perplexing relationship. Sometimes filled withlove, other times hate. Below is a diagram of the Sutlej River divided into the Sikh andEnglishmen’s regions.The English had taken the land nearest to the Frenchman’s land due to Napoleon’s treatywith Russia (1806). The British army thought that if they reached out and agreed to takeover the locations closest to French-Indian territory it would be easier for them to attack andmake it all under the English rule. If it worked out well for them or not is unfathomablethough it is clear that they were successful in taking over the glorious nation of India by1849, which was also the year in which the second Anglo-Sikh war had ended. Since thetreaty agreed to let the English have the south of Sutlej, there were already British forces inIndia when they decided to attack making it easier for the British to build forts, stockweapons, create navigation maps, gather army members in India willing to join theopposing force (i.e. the British).In conclusion, the ‘Treaty of Amritsar’ 1809, was written by the British through Mr, Metcalfeas an alliance between the Commonwealth of Nations and the Sikh Empire, represented byRanjit Singh. Though meant to be fair and equal the treaty was written with some biases andgives England the upper hand. At the time the Sikh Maharaja and his trusted companionsdid not think much of these demands and agreed to the document and its rules eagerly.Later realizing how many suitable changes could have been made to support the SikhEmpire. If these thoughts were produced by somebody in this victorious era of Sikhs theempire might have lasted longer after the death the man who brought Punjab back to lifeand showed the world what it was truly supposed to look like.This treaty at the time seemedvery beneficial but looking back at it was only useful until the end of Ranjit Singh’s reign.The Sikhs assumed having the English as allies for the time being would have let themexpand their bases to a level as high the European status’, leaving them to be able to fightwhoever comes up to duel. Though the lack of training which had been given to thebiological sons of Ranjit Singh and a constant number of ‘unbiological’ son’s begging tobecome the next heir there was much tension in the kingdoms air and the British coming toattack did not add any less pressure for them to act without weighing out all the pro’s andcon’s. Therefore the Treaty of Amritsar could have been avoided by the Sikhs which mayhave led to a longer life on the empire. | FINEWEB-EDU |
Stormy Daniels offers Trump lawyer hush money back
Porn star Stormy Daniels has offered to pay back the $130,000 she took to keep quiet about her alleged affair with President Donald Trump. The offer comes as CBS News' "60 Minutes" prepares to air an interview with Daniels, whose real name is Stephanie Clifford. Trump's lawyers reportedly have considered seeking a legal injunction to bar that interview from airing — a court order that may be impossible either to get or to sustain on appeal. The interview could air as early as Sunday. The offer Daniels made Monday explicitly seeks Trump's agreement not to try to stop that interview from being broadcast, according to a copy of the offer published by the New York Times. Daniels' lawyer sent a letter Monday to Trump's personal lawyer, Michael Cohen, who cut that hush-money deal, as well as to Cohen's own attorney, offering to pay Trump the $130,000, NBC News reported. The offer is due to remain open only until noon Tuesday, according to the letter. If Cohen accepts, Daniels could "speak openly and freely about her prior relationship with the president and the attempts to silence her and use and publish text messages, photos and videos relating to the president that she may have in her possession, all without fear of retribution or legal liability," the letter said, according to NBC News. "This has never been about the money," Clifford's lawyer, Michael Avenatti, told NBC News. "It has always been about Ms. Clifford being allowed to tell the truth. The American people should be permitted to judge for themselves who is shooting straight with them and who is misleading them. Our offer seeks to allow this to happen." On the eve of the 2016 presidential election, Daniels accepted $130,000 from Cohen and signed an agreement, using a pseudonym, to not talk about her alleged relationship with Trump. A lawsuit filed last week by Daniels asks for that nondisclosure agreement to be voided on the grounds that Trump never signed it. She claims in the suit to have had an "intimate" relationship with him from 2006 to 2007. Melania Trump gave birth to their son, Barron, several months before the president's alleged relationship with Daniels began. Trump denies the affair, according to the White House. Before Daniels' suit was filed, Cohen obtained a temporary restraining order barring her from talking about the "confidential information" covered by the agreement. Daniels' lawyer claims that order is not valid. CNBC has reached out for comment from Cohen and Avenatti. A White House spokesman declined to comment. A spokesman for "60 Minutes" declined to comment. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
User:Vishnurajthannickal/sandbox/PRDS Mandhiram
PRDS Mandhiram PRDS Mandhiram or PRDS Sakha mandhiram is a religious building of Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha for the purpose of PRDS religious worship. The word Mandhiram means Mandir or Temple in Malayalam. The worship practice is held at Mandhiram is called Aaradhana simply means worship.
There are 140 or more Sakha Mandhirams across Kerala and Tamil Nadu. ... | WIKI |
-- Citigroup Hires JPMorgan’s Palacio to Target Latin Clients
Citigroup Inc. hired Luke Palacio for
its private banking unit to focus on high-net worth Latin
American clients based in North America, luring him away from
JPMorgan Chase & Co. (JPM) Palacio will based in Miami and report to Paul Hubert and
Genaro Poulat, according to an e-mailed statement. Palacio will
look to expand the bank’s presence in South Florida , and support
the growth of Citi Private Bank in Chile, Argentina, Peru and
Colombia, according to the statement. To contact the reporter on this story:
Veronica Navarro Espinosa in New York at
vespinosa@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
David Papadopoulos at
papadopoulos@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Šēdere parish
Šēdere Parish is an administrative territory of Augšdaugava Municipality in the Selonia region of Latvia. It was established under the 1920 land reform, and was previously known as Laši parish. It is situated on the southern border with Lithuania.
* Šēdere - parish administrative center | WIKI |
TY - JOUR TI - Arl15 upregulates the TGFβ family signaling by promoting the assembly of the Smad-complex AU - Shi, Meng AU - Tie, Hieng Chiong AU - Divyanshu, Mahajan AU - Sun, Xiuping AU - Zhou, Yan AU - Boh, Boon Kim AU - Vardy, Leah A AU - Lu, Lei A2 - Bennett, Anton M A2 - Akhmanova, Anna VL - 11 PY - 2022 DA - 2022/07/14 SP - e76146 C1 - eLife 2022;11:e76146 DO - 10.7554/eLife.76146 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.76146 AB - The hallmark event of the canonical transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) family signaling is the assembly of the Smad-complex, consisting of the common Smad, Smad4, and phosphorylated receptor-regulated Smads. How the Smad-complex is assembled and regulated is still unclear. Here, we report that active Arl15, an Arf-like small G protein, specifically binds to the MH2 domain of Smad4 and colocalizes with Smad4 at the endolysosome. The binding relieves the autoinhibition of Smad4, which is imposed by the intramolecular interaction between its MH1 and MH2 domains. Activated Smad4 subsequently interacts with phosphorylated receptor-regulated Smads, forming the Smad-complex. Our observations suggest that Smad4 functions as an effector and a GTPase activating protein (GAP) of Arl15. Assembly of the Smad-complex enhances the GAP activity of Smad4 toward Arl15, therefore dissociating Arl15 before the nuclear translocation of the Smad-complex. Our data further demonstrate that Arl15 positively regulates the TGFβ family signaling. KW - Arf-like 15 KW - TGFbeta signaling KW - Smad4 KW - Arl G protein KW - GAP JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER - | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Red Skelton
Red Skelton
Voting period ends on 8 Aug 2014 at 21:30:56 (UTC)
* Reason:High-res picture of a notable entertainer. Copyright seems to check out, though if there's any problems, please tell me.
* Articles in which this image appears:Red Skelton
* FP category for this image:Featured_pictures/People/Entertainment
* Creator:Unknown photographer, restoration by Adam Cuerden
* Support either as nominator – Adam Cuerden (talk) 21:30, 29 July 2014 (UTC)
* Support Great expression — a human Daffy Duck. Sca (talk) 22:13, 29 July 2014 (UTC)
* Comment - Fantastic image, glad to see the LOC had it. Question though: do you think this could use a bit more contrast? — Crisco 1492 (talk) 01:24, 30 July 2014 (UTC)
* I've actually boosted it a bit already. I don't want to go too far, because a little tweaking is one thing, but it currently looks reasonable for the era. Adam Cuerden (talk) 01:45, 30 July 2014 (UTC)
* Support V2 - Fair enough, then. — Crisco 1492 (talk) 01:49, 30 July 2014 (UTC) (edited 06:47, 8 August 2014 (UTC))
* Oppose Contrast issues. If this can be corrected with a different version I could support. Loved Red Skelton as a kid and still have fond memories of lying in front of the council TV in my PJs eating TV dinners. Yeah...it was good to be a kid back then.--Mark Miller (talk) 20:59, 30 July 2014 (UTC)
* I'm not at all convinced this should have more contrast - pictures from this period were often relatively low contrast, as far as I'm aware. Now, I could be wrong, and, if you have evidence I am, I'm happy to change it, but I'm worried it's all too easy to make everything fit modern sensibilities, particualrly when the image looks extremely good when not being seen as a tiny thumbnail against a pure white background. Adam Cuerden (talk) 23:13, 30 July 2014 (UTC)
* Support either version - SagaciousPhil - Chat 18:01, 6 August 2014 (UTC) edited to support either 08:28, 8 August 2014 (UTC)
* Oppose current version per Mark. We do have an obligation to make things reasonably screen-viewable. I don't think it looks any less wonderful if you stretch the histogram out a bit. Samsara (FA • FP) 04:51, 8 August 2014 (UTC)
* I suppose, if two people who know photography suggest something, you should at least try an alternative. I've uploaded one. I may be overreacting from one too many people seeing one of my restorations of sepia toned images, and immediately desaturating it and suggesting it as an alt, which makes you somewhat resistant. That may be an overreaction in this case, given photographic prints' contrast can be adjusted readily by changing development time from the negative. Armbrust, can we give this a day to get people's responses to the alt? Adam Cuerden (talk) 06:01, 8 August 2014 (UTC)
* Support v. 2. I wonder if it mightn't be possible to leave a note in the file description that the new version is optimised for screen viewing and the earlier one may better reflect the contrast in the original copy - something like that? Samsara (FA • FP) 06:22, 8 August 2014 (UTC)
* That might be best. Though it does look good to have white shirts fairly white, and eyes white, and so on. This is why I prefer working from my scans. If I have questions, I pick up the book, look at it in a good light, and adjust. Adam Cuerden (talk) 06:30, 8 August 2014 (UTC)
* Happens to me all the time. First you want to be conservative, then you realise it looks just fine when optimised for contrast. Samsara (FA • FP) 06:33, 8 August 2014 (UTC)
* Support v.2 - I can support this version.--Mark Miller (talk) 06:32, 8 August 2014 (UTC)
* Comment — I can go with either one, but honestly I prefer the original, which looks more natural to me. In the alt., there's a sort of burned-out area on subject's left cheek. Sca (talk) 13:04, 8 August 2014 (UTC)
--Armbrust The Homunculus 21:31, 8 August 2014 (UTC) | WIKI |
Pounds per square inch to kilopascals (psi to kPa)
pressure conversions » pound per square inch conversions » psi to kPa
Pressure Conversions: convert pounds per square inch to kilopascals
Type in the number of pounds per square inch to convert to kilopascals
Pounds per square inch to kilopascals conversion calculator shown above calculates how many kilopascals are in 'X' pounds per square inch (where 'X' is the number of pounds per square inch to convert to kilopascals). In order to convert a value from pounds per square inch to kilopascals (from psi to kPa) simply type the number of psi to be converted to kPa and then click on the 'convert' button.
Pounds per square inch to kilopascals conversion factor
1 pound per square inch is equal to 6.89475728 kilopascals
Pounds per square inch to kilopascals
Kilopascals to pounds per square inch
Pounds per square inch to kilopascals conversion formula
pressure(kPa) = pressure (psi) × 6.89475728
Example:
How many kilopascals are in 52 pounds per square inch?
pressure(kPa) = 52 ( psi ) × 6.89475728 ( kPa / psi )
pressure(kPa) = 358.52737856 kPa
or
52 psi = 358.52737856 kPa
Pounds per square inch to kilopascals conversion table
pound per square inch (psi)kilopascal (kPa)
748.26330096
962.05281552
1175.84233008
1389.63184464
15103.4213592
17117.21087376
19131.00038832
21144.78990288
23158.57941744
25172.368932
27186.15844656
29199.94796112
31213.73747568
33227.52699024
35241.3165048
pound per square inch (psi)kilopascal (kPa)
2501723.68932
3502413.165048
4503102.640776
5503792.116504
6504481.592232
7505171.06796
8505860.543688
9506550.019416
10507239.495144
11507928.970872
12508618.4466
13509307.922328
14509997.398056
155010686.873784
165011376.349512 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Boeing defense CEO: 'We're not going to back down' on trade dispute with Bombardier
The trade dispute between Boeing and Canadian rival Bombardier is heating up — and Boeing intends to stand its ground. "This commercial trade dispute is very important to us. We're not going to back down from it," said Leanne Caret, CEO of Boeing's defense, space and security business, in an exclusive interview with CNBC. "I hope that it doesn't impact our defense sale, but we're willing to deal with whatever the outcome is." That potential defense sale is worth about $5 billion. Last week the U.S. State Department notified Congress of its intent to sell 18 F/A-18 Super Hornets to Canada, in a deal that's been cooking since last year. But the trade rift between Boeing and Canada's own aerospace manufacturer may put that on hold. Earlier this week, Canada Prime Minister Justin Trudeau asserted his country "won't do business with a company that's busy trying to sue us and put our aerospace workers out of business. " U.K. Prime Minister Theresa May also engaged in the dispute, siding with Bombardier, which is a top employer in Northern Ireland. In April, Boeing asked the U.S. Commerce Department to investigate whether Bombardier had taken advantage of alleged subsidies and unfair pricing to sell 75 of its new C-Series planes to Delta Air Lines. Boeing claims that its Canadian rival sold planes, at $19.6 million apiece, in the U.S. at "absurdly low prices, in violation of U.S. and global trade laws." Bombardier refutes the allegations as "pure hypocrisy" since, according to a statement, "Delta ordered the C Series because Boeing stopped making an aircraft of the size Delta needed years ago. " Boeing still aims to get a deal done. "We have continued to reach out to the Canadian government. We believe national defense discussions are separate from commercial trade disputes," added Caret, who's led Boeing's defense, space and security unit for 18 months. "I think here is an opportunity for us to continue to offer the [Super Hornet] aircraft, but I also think they're going to need to make their decision." More will be revealed next week, when the U.S. Commerce Department issues its initial ruling on Sept. 26. Meantime, it highlights a big reversal for Boeing: that the fighter business is once again taking flight. Even if Canada does scrap its $5 billion deal, the company's legacy F-18 and F-15 production lines are welcoming renewed interest under the Trump administration. "We're honored and thrilled that not only the Navy but others have seen benefits of the F/A-18 and continue to see strong demand for it. We have continued international pull on our F-15s," said Caret. "But I have to share, when I was the CFO [of Boeing Defense, Space & Security] I was in middle of making disclosures that we may be looking at a line shutdown at some point in the future, so it was really nice to be involved in being able to strike that statement going forward." With nearly $30 billion in annual revenue, the defense and space business is big. But the commercial business is bigger, meaning the company would be willing to sacrifice a potential $5 billion defense deal because more is potentially riding on the lawsuit. Overall, it's been a busy week for Boeing. The aerospace giant hosted investors in Charleston, S.C. for two days. And amid renewed issues, the company's initial delivery of the already over-cost KC46 Pegasus military refueling tanker (a $44 billion program) is now highly likely to slide back into 2018. And just today, Caret specifically was named to the Fortune Magazine's Most Powerful Women list. In her first-ever broadcast interview as CEO, Caret also discussed with CNBC missile defense, M&A and space exploration. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
LR and RC circuits
L-R Series circuit (inductor in series with resistor):
resistor-inductor circuit (RL circuit) is an electric circuit composed of resistors and inductors driven by a voltage or current source. A first order RL circuit is composed of one resistor and one inductor and is the simplest type of RL circuit.RL CircuitUsing Kirchhoff’s voltage law
According to the law, the sum of voltages at junction is zero. The sum of the voltage due to the resistance as well as the inductance should be zero.
V(t) = VR + VL
⇒ voltage in resistor
VR = IR
⇒ voltage in inductor
⇒ \({{V}_{L}}=L\frac{di}{dt}\).
⇒ \(V(t)=IR+L\frac{di}{dt}\).
⇒ \(I(t)={{I}_{0}}\left[ 1-{{e}^{-t\tau }} \right]\).
⇒ \(I(t)=\frac{V}{R}\left[ 1-{{e}^{\frac{Rt}{L}}} \right]\).
⇒ \(\tau =\frac{L}{R}\)→ Time constant
⇒ \(I=\frac{V}{R}\)→ Steady state current
Transient curve for an LR series circuit:LR Series CircuitR-C CIRCUIT (Capacitor series with Resistor):
resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit) is an electric circuit composed of resistors and capacitors driven by a voltage or current source. A first order RC circuit is composed of one resistor and one capacitor and is the simplest type of RC circuit.
RC circuits can be used to filter a signal by blocking certain frequencies and passing others.RC circuitApply Kirchoff’s voltage law
⇒ \(\frac{q}{c}=IR\).
⇒ \(\frac{q}{c}=\frac{dq}{dt}R\).
⇒ \(\frac{dq}{q}=-\int\limits_{0}^{t}{\frac{dt}{RC}}\).
⇒ q = qₒe-t/t
⇒ \(I=\frac{dq}{dt}\).
⇒ \(\frac{dq}{dt}=\frac{d\left( {{q}_{0}}{{e}^{-t/\tau }} \right)}{dt}\).
⇒ I = Iₒ e-t/t
⇒ \(I=\frac{V}{R}{{e}^{-t/\tau }}\).
t = RC is time constant for an RC circuit.
\({{I}_{0}}=\frac{V}{R}\) is maximum current in RC circuit.
In AC Circuit:
Type of circuit
Impedance
Purely resistive circuit
Z = R
Purely inductive circuit
Z = XL = ωL
Purely capacitive circuit
\(\[Z={{X}_{c}}=\frac{1}{{{\omega }_{c}}}\)
L-R Circuit
\(\[Z=\sqrt{{{R}^{2}}+X_{L}^{2}}\)
L-C circuit
\(\[Z=\sqrt{{{R}^{2}}+X_{c}^{2}}\)
L-C-R circuit
\(Z=\sqrt{{{R}^{2}}+{{\left( {{X}_{L}}-{{X}_{c}} \right)}^{2}}}\) | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Gamerhobby
Early Life:
Avinash Oruganti Reddy(Avi Reddy) was born in Hyderabad, India (December 30th 1996). He moved to the United States in 1998 where his father settled in New Jersey.
During the 9/11 incident that occured at the World Trade Center Buildings, Avinash was severely hurt from an incident due to a local neighbor in Somerville, NJ. After receiving surgery the second tower was seen to be collapsing on live television. The local community lost many lives that day and the effects of 9/11 are still very prevalent around the world since September 11th 2001 at which point Avinash was only four years old when the initial incident had occurred. | WIKI |
Draft:Advance Map
"This topic has little information, and any expansion of this page would be appreciated"Advance Map is an editing software for the Pokémon games on the Game Boy Advance, however more meant for the Hoenn games. It is a popular tool for editing these games' ROMs, whether it's map editing, dialogue, or the Pokémon themselves. The creator of the editor, LU-HO, released the software on April 28, 2010 - at least, update 1.92 was - and is used for Windows. The software is no longer in-development, and it's last update was on Christmas of 2012. | WIKI |
2014 KPL Top 8 Cup
The 2014 KPL Top 8 Cup was the fourth edition of the tournament, which kicked off on 5 April and ended on 15 June. to be contested by the top 8 teams of the 2013 season of the Kenyan Premier League: A.F.C. Leopards, Bandari, Gor Mahia, Kenya Commercial Bank, Sofapaka, Thika United, Tusker and Ulinzi Stars.
Having won their first title the previous season, defending champions Tusker retained their title after beating A.F.C. Leopards 2–1 in the final played at the Kinoru Stadium in Meru.
Competition format
The tournament follows a single-elimination format for the quarter-finals and the final, where the winning team immediately advances to the next round or wins the tournament, respectively.
For the semi-finals, the tournament adopts a double-elimination format, where a team must win two legs to advance to the final. If both teams are equal on aggregate goals at the end of the two legs, a penalty shoot-out will be conducted to determine who advances to the final. The away goals rule also applies in this round.
Quarter-finals
The draw for the quarter-finals was held on 26 March, and the ties scheduled for 5−6 and 19−20 April.
Semi-finals
The draw for the semi-finals was held on 22 April.
First leg
The first leg ties of the semi-finals were played on 7 and 25 May.
Second leg
The second leg ties of the semi-finals were played on 4 and 11 June.
Fixtures
Tusker win 2–1 on aggregate.
A.F.C. Leopards win 4–1 on aggregate.
Final
The final was played on 15 June.
Team statistics
* colspan="20"|Eliminated in the semi-finals
* colspan="20"|Eliminated in the semi-finals
* colspan="20"|Eliminated in the quarter-finals
* colspan="20"|Eliminated in the quarter-finals | WIKI |
Hollow gold nanoshells as unique near infrared optical materials for surface enhanced Raman scattering
Student thesis: Doctoral Thesis
Abstract
Hollow gold nanoshells (HGNs) demonstrate a tunable localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) from the visible to the near infrared (NIR). The NIR region of the electromagnetic spectrum is of particular interest as it provides an uncongested spectral window for optical analysis due to many molecules having reduced absorption and scattering backgrounds. In addition, the superior depth of light penetration and reduced interference which is observed in this region when compared to the visible region means that there is a great need to design SERS nanotags which can provide a unique vibrational fingerprint in this uncongested optical region. The research described herein demonstrates three ways in which red-shifted nanotags can be engineered to provide effective SERS signals in the NIR region. Firstly, NIR active HGNs were synthesised and encapsulated with seven non-resonant commercial Raman reporters and shown to provide effective SERS when excited with a 1064 nm laser. The nanotags were then tested using a 1280 nm laser excitation however; they were unsuccessful at providing a SERS spectrum. Through a successful collaboration with Professor Michael Detty's group (University at Buffalo) newly synthesised Raman reporters where obtained. The chalcogenopyrylium dyes were resonant from 650 to 1000 nm and when combined with HGNs, demonstrated an unprecedented performance. Through the design of these nanotags, extreme red-shifted SERS was achieved with laser excitations from 1064 nm up to 1550 nm and detection limits in the picomolar to femtomolar range where obtained. Finally, this research demonstrates that when hollow gold nanotags are functionalised with a thermopolymer such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), the LSPR can be shifted into the NIR region and laser induced plasmonic heating of the nanoshells can be used to turn on and off the SERS enhancement. Overall, the development of NIR active nanotags could provide the basis for future advancements in bio-chemical, medical and optical applications.
Date of Award10 Mar 2016
Original languageEnglish
Awarding Institution
• University Of Strathclyde
SponsorsEPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council)
SupervisorDuncan Graham (Supervisor) & Karen Faulds (Supervisor)
Cite this
' | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Leucocoprinus flavus
Leucocoprinus flavus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Taxonomy
It was first described in 1928 by the Belgian mycologist Maurice Beeli who classified it as Coprinus flavus.
It was reclassified as Leucocoprinus flavus by the Belgian mycologist Paul Heinemann in 1977.
Description
Leucocoprinus flavus is a small yellow dapperling mushroom with thin flesh.
Cap: 1.8-2.7 cm wide. Conical to campanulate (bell shaped). Entirely yellow and covered in a powdery yellow material which sticks to the fingers. The small umbo is deeper in colour than the cap and dries brown. Until dried, striations on the cap are not significant but rather it is smooth and slippery. The cap flesh is thin. Gills: Crowded and free. Pale yellow. Beeli described them as yellow but blackening. Stem: 5–6 cm long and 2mm thick at the top, 3-7mm thick at the bulbous base. Pale yellow or similarly yellow to the cap. Hollow. Sometimes presenting visible mycelium at the base. Persistent yellow stem ring towards the top of the stem (superior). It is membranous and curls upwards. Spores: Ovate to almond shaped or elliptical, without a pore. Dextrinoid. 7.5-9.0 x 3.8-5.3 μm. Beeli described them as grey-purple. Taste: Mild.
Habitat and distribution
L. flavus is scarcely recorded and little known. The specimen studied in 1923 was found on rotting wood in July in Congo. Material studied in 1982 was collected under mixed hardwood trees in Owen county, Indiana.
Similar species
* Lepiota flava is described similarly by Beeli though he does not note the powdery yellow coating on the cap. Paul Heinemann considered it to be synonymous in 1977, as did Helen Vandervort Smith and Nancy S. Weber in 1982. However it remains classified as a separate species. | WIKI |
Page:In The Cage (London, Duckworth, 1898).djvu/14
8 her, and it was accordingly a matter of indifference to her that Mrs. Jordan shouldn't; even though Mrs. Jordan, handed down from their early twilight of gentility and also the victim of reverses, was the only member of her circle in whom she recognised an equal. She was perfectly aware that her imaginative life was the life in which she spent most of her time; and she would have been ready, had it been at all worth while, to contend that, since her outward occupation didn't kill it, it must be strong indeed. Combinations of flowers and green-stuff, forsooth! What she could handle freely, she said to herself, was combinations of men and women. The only weakness in her faculty came from the positive abundance of her contact with the human herd; this was so constant, had the effect of becoming so cheap, that there were long stretches in which inspiration, divination and interest, quite dropped. The great thing was the flashes, the quick revivals, absolute accidents all, and neither to be counted on nor to be resisted. Some one had only sometimes to put in a penny for a stamp, and the | WIKI |
SMB2/SMB2_FILE_INFO_0a
This structure is used with SMB2/SetInfo to rename a file.
Structure
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| | | | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| | | | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| | | | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| | | | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| File Name Length | | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| File Name
+-+-+-+-+
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| | | | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
File Name Length
The length in bytes of the file name.
File Name
The new file name. this file name is not null terminated.
There might be additional padding to 4 bytes after the name?
Discussion
SMB2/SMB2_FILE_INFO_0a (last edited 2008-04-12 17:51:29 by localhost) | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Preparation and characterization of (111)-oriented Fe3O 4 films deposited on sapphire
T. Fujii, M. Takano, R. Katano, Y. Bando, Y. Isozumi
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
87 Citations (Scopus)
Abstract
Films of various iron oxides including FeO, Fe3 O4, and α-Fe2 O3 were formed on the α-Al 2 O3 (0001) surface by a reactive vapor deposition method and characterized by x-ray diffraction and conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy (CEMS). The formation range for each phase was determined as a function of the substrate temperature (Ts) and oxygen partial pressure (PO2). Typically, the deposition of (111)-oriented epitaxial magnetite films could be performed at low temperatures of Ts =523∼623 K and PO2 =1.0-5.0×10-4 Torr. Good stoichiometry of the as-grown films were confirmed by CEMS, and the Verwey transition was clearly detected by measurements of resistivity and CEMS down to 77 K. However, the large lattice mismatch between the substrate and Fe 3 O4 resulted in a columnar particle growth. The initially grown phase on such a mismatched substrate was specifically characterized by depositing the Mössbauer active isotope, 57 Fe, only at the deepest layers. On the other hand, by depositing 57 Fe only in the topmost layers, surface layers of well-crystallized films have been found to be rather stable against oxidation.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)3168-3172
Number of pages5
JournalJournal of Applied Physics
Volume66
Issue number7
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1989
Externally publishedYes
ASJC Scopus subject areas
• Physics and Astronomy(all)
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Dive into the research topics of 'Preparation and characterization of (111)-oriented Fe3O 4 films deposited on sapphire'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
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Database definition
What is VAPT (Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing)?
What is VAPT (Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing)?
Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing (VAPT) is an information technology (IT) market segment that combines two types of vulnerability testing into a single offering. VAPT tools and services can assess vulnerabilities within a system or application and help administrators prioritize which vulnerabilities to address first.
VAPT tools and services are used to help businesses:
• Comply with GDPR and PCI DSS regulations.
• Avoid data breaches.
• Improve the organization’s security posture.
Techopedia explains VAPT (Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing)
VAPT tools have both vulnerability assessment and penetration testing features. Vulnerability assessment is the systematic examination of an information system or products to identify security gaps. Penetration testing then checks how well a system, device, or process can withstand active attempts to compromise its security.
Importance of VAPT
There are many reasons businesses need VAPT services. Some of the main reasons are:
To comply with safety rules: Many industries are regulated by laws that mandate VAPT. For example, the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard requires companies that process credit card payments to submit to VAPT on a regular basis.
To avoid data breaches: VAPT can help identify vulnerabilities that can be exploited by hackers to gain access to sensitive data. By patching these vulnerabilities, organizations can reduce the risk of a data breach.
To improve the security posture: VAPT not only helps organizations find and fix vulnerabilities, but also gives them the ability to assess their overall security posture. This information can be used to make improvements to the security infrastructure.
How VAPT Works
The first step in VAPT is to identify all systems and applications that need to be tested. This can be done manually or using a tool. Once the list is ready, each system or application is scanned for vulnerabilities using a VAPT tool. These tools use a variety of methods to find vulnerabilities, such as network mapping, port scanning, and banner capturing.
Once the vulnerability assessment is complete, a penetration test is performed on systems or applications with known vulnerabilities. The objective of this test is to exploit vulnerabilities and gain access to sensitive data or take control of the system.
There are many VAPT tools available in the market, each with its own set of features and capabilities. When choosing a VAPT tool, it is important to consider the needs and requirements of your business. Popular VAPT tools available today include:
Acunetix
Acunetix offers a wide range of features, including DAST analysis, network mapping, and manual pen tests. It also has a reporting feature that provides information about your website security.
Arachni
This VAPT tool focuses on web application security testing. It offers functionality for DAST scanning, manual pen testing, and reporting. Arachni is a popular VAPT tool among web developers.
Astra Security
Astra is known for helping developers and security experts collaborate. This comprehensive VAPT tool offers DAST scanning and manual pen test capabilities. Astra VAPT comes with an intuitive dashboard which can be used to manage vulnerabilities.
Burp Suite
A comprehensive VAPT tool with capabilities for web application security testing, network scanning, and manual pen testing. Burp Suite is one of the most popular VAPT tools among penetration testers.
Invicti
Invicti, formerly known as Netsparker, allows scheduled scans at specific times. This feature can be useful for analyzing physical websites after business hours.
elk
Wapiti is a popular open source choice among penetration testers due to its ease of use and ability to generate detailed reports.
Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP)
OWASP ZAP is a popular choice among penetration testers due to its flexibility and extensibility. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Article
Unique biochemical and behavioral alterations in Drosophila shibire(ts1) mutants imply a conformational state affecting dynamin subcellular distribution and synaptic vesicle cycling.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Journal of Neurobiology (Impact Factor: 3.84). 11/2002; 53(3):319-29. DOI: 10.1002/neu.10101
Source: PubMed
ABSTRACT Dynamin is a GTPase protein that is essential for clathrin-mediated endocytosis of synaptic vesicle membranes. The Drosophila dynamin mutation shi(ts1) changes a single residue (G273D) at the boundary of the GTPase domain. In cell fractionation of homogenized fly heads without monovalent cations, all dynamin was in pellet fractions and was minimally susceptible to Triton-X extraction. Addition of Na(+) or K(+) can extract dynamin to the cytosolic (supernatant) fraction. The shi(ts1) mutation reduced the sensitivity of dynamin to salt extraction compared with other temperature-sensitive alleles or wild type. Sensitivity to salt extraction in shi(ts1) was enhanced by GTP and nonhydrolyzable GTP-gammaS. The shi(ts1) mutation may therefore induce a conformational change, involving the GTP binding site, that affects dynamin aggregation. Temperature-sensitive shibire mutations are known to arrest endocytosis at restrictive temperatures, with concomitant accumulation of presynaptic collared pits. Consistent with an effect upon dynamin aggregation, intact shi(ts1) flies recovered much more slowly from heat-induced paralysis than did other temperature-sensitive shibire mutants. Moreover, a genetic mutation that lowers GTP abundance (awd(msf15)), which reduces the paralytic temperature threshold of other temperature-sensitive shibire mutations that lie closer to consensus GTPase motifs, did not reduce the paralytic threshold of shi(ts1). Taken together, the results may link the GTPase domain to conformational shifts that influence aggregation in vitro and endocytosis in vivo, and provide an unexpected point of entry to link the biophysical properties of dynamin to physiological processes at synapses.
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ABSTRACT: A prevailing hypothesis is that the set of genes that underlie the endophenotypes of alcoholism overlap with those responsible for the addicted state. Functional ethanol tolerance, an endophenotype of alcoholism, is defined as a reduced response to ethanol caused by prior ethanol exposure. The neuronal origins of functional rapid tolerance are thought to be a homeostatic response of the nervous system that counters the effects of the drug. Synaptic proteins that regulate neuronal activity are an important evolutionarily conserved target of ethanol. We used mutant analysis in Drosophila to identify synaptic proteins that are important for the acquisition of rapid tolerance to sedation with ethanol. Tolerance was assayed by sedating flies with ethanol vapor and comparing the recovery time of flies after their first sedation and their second sedation. Temperature-sensitive paralytic mutants that alter key facets of synaptic neurotransmission, such as the propagation of action potentials, synaptic vesicle fusion, exocytosis, and endocytosis, were tested for the ability to acquire functional tolerance at both the permissive and restrictive temperatures. The shibire gene encodes Drosophila Dynamin. We tested 2 temperature-sensitive alleles of the gene. The shi(ts1) allele blocked tolerance at both the permissive and restrictive temperatures, while shi(ts2) blocked only at the restrictive temperature. Using the temperature-sensitive property of shi(ts2) , we showed that Dynamin function is required concomitant with exposure to ethanol. A temperature-sensitive allele of the Syntaxin 1A gene, Syx1A(3-69), also blocked the acquisition of ethanol tolerance. We have shown that shibire and Syntaxin 1A are required for the acquisition of rapid functional tolerance to ethanol. Furthermore, the shibire gene product, Dynamin, appears to be required for an immediate early response to ethanol that triggers a cellular response leading to rapid functional tolerance.
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research 07/2011; 36(1):24-34. DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01587.x · 3.31 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Dynamin is a well-known regulator of synaptic endocytosis. Temperature-sensitive dynamin (shi(ts1)) mutations in Drosophila melanogaster or deletion of some of the mammalian Dynamins causes the accumulation of invaginated endocytic pits at synapses, sometimes also on bulk endosomes, indicating impaired membrane scission. However, complete loss of dynamin function has not been studied in neurons in vivo, and whether Dynamin acts in different aspects of synaptic vesicle formation remains enigmatic. We used acute photoinactivation and found that loss of Dynamin function blocked membrane recycling and caused the buildup of huge membrane-connected cisternae, in contrast to the invaginated pits that accumulate in shi(ts1) mutants. Moreover, photoinactivation of Dynamin in shi(ts1) animals converted these pits into bulk cisternae. Bulk membrane retrieval has also been seen upon Clathrin photoinactivation, and superresolution imaging indicated that acute Dynamin photoinactivation blocked Clathrin and α-adaptin relocalization to synaptic membranes upon nerve stimulation. Hence, our data indicate that Dynamin is critically involved in the stabilization of Clathrin- and AP2-dependent endocytic pits.
The Journal of Cell Biology 03/2014; DOI:10.1083/jcb.201310090 · 9.69 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Genetic manipulation of individual neurons provides a powerful approach toward understanding their contribution to stereotypic behaviors. We describe and evaluate a method for identifying candidate interneurons and associated neuropile compartments that mediate Drosophila larval locomotion. We created Drosophila larvae that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) and a shibire(ts1) (shi(ts1)) transgene (a temperature-sensitive neuronal silencer) in small numbers of randomly selected cholinergic neurons. These larvae were screened for aberrant behavior at an elevated temperature (31-32°C). Among larvae with abnormal locomotion or sensory-motor responses, some had very small numbers of GFP-labeled temperature-sensitive interneurons. Labeled ascending interneurons projecting from the abdominal ganglia to specific brain neuropile compartments emerged as candidates for mediation of larval locomotion. Random targeting of small sets of neurons for functional evaluation, together with anatomical mapping of their processes, provides a tool for identifying the regions of the central nervous system that are required for normal locomotion. We discuss the limitations and advantages of this approach to discovery of interneurons that regulate motor behavior.
Genes Brain and Behavior 09/2011; 10(8):883-900. DOI:10.1111/j.1601-183X.2011.00729.x · 3.51 Impact Factor
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Talk:Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids
Copyright violations
The infobox and link to the official website are valid, and I think the journal IS notable, but the text of the article since its inception has been largely a cut and paste of the description from the website. PianoDan (talk) 06:21, 5 October 2022 (UTC)
Make sense .. let me rephrase it and repost it Abdo2905 (talk) 07:27, 5 October 2022 (UTC)
* Done Abdo2905 (talk) 18:22, 5 October 2022 (UTC) | WIKI |
Failing last test on Slice and Splice
Failing last test on Slice and Splice
0
#1
function frankenSplice(arr1, arr2, n) {
let newArr = arr2;
for (var i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
newArr.splice(n+i, 0, arr1[i]);
}
return newArr;
}
frankenSplice([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], 1);
I’m getting the right output but my arr2 is being altered and I’m not understanding why. I thought by creating the var newArr I would no longer be altering arr2…?
#2
splice()modifies the array it is called on.
#3
Your code actually makes two variables pointing to the same array - major point of confusion that is common to many programming languages. Javascript assigns objects (which includes arrays) by reference.
Since your array is only one level deep you could make a shallow copy or you could find a way to create newArr so that your parameter array is not altered.
#4
You know I got confused, when I searched for slice on MDN I found string.prototye.slice() and didn’t realize it could be called on an array also! This allowed me to create a copy in my var and pass the last test. Thanks! | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Ayurveda for back pain
Ayurveda treatment for Back Pain and Sciatica
Back pain and sciatica can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life, causing discomfort and restricting mobility. You can find a lot of people suffering from back pain and not know about it at all. Trying different irrelevant methods of so-called doctors and ruining the situation more for them. In Ayurveda, an ancient holistic healing system, effective treatment options are available to alleviate back pain and sciatica symptoms. This ancient science is most effective and side effects free. At Adyant Ayurveda, renowned for being the best Ayurvedic clinic, we offer specialized Ayurvedic treatments tailored to individual needs to give you a personalized and unique treatment so that Ayurveda can cater for your needs.
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Back pain and sciatica are common conditions that affect many individuals. Back pain refers to discomfort in the lower, middle, or upper back, which can be caused by various factors such as muscle strain, poor posture, or underlying medical conditions. On the other hand, sciatica specifically involves pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, usually affecting one side of the body. =====
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This pain can be intense and may be accompanied by tingling, numbness, or weakness in the leg. Both back pain and sciatica can significantly impact daily activities and quality of life. Seeking medical evaluation and appropriate treatment is crucial for managing these conditions effectively. ===== What is back pain?
Back pain refers to any discomfort or pain experienced in the area of the back, ranging from the neck down to the lower back. It is a common health issue that can affect people of all ages and can vary in intensity, duration, and location.
Back pain can be classified into two main categories: acute and chronic. Acute back pain typically lasts for a short duration, usually a few days to a few weeks, and is often caused by sudden injury or trauma, such as lifting a heavy object incorrectly or experiencing a fall. Chronic back pain, on the other hand, lasts for more than three months and is often associated with an underlying condition or long-term structural issues in the spine.
What is sciatica pain?
Sciatica pain refers to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which is the largest nerve in the body. The sciatic nerve runs from the lower back, through the buttocks, and down the back of each leg. When this nerve is compressed or irritated, it can result in sciatica pain.
The most common cause of sciatica is a herniated disc in the lumbar spine (lower back). When a disc herniates, the gel-like material inside the disc can leak out and press against the sciatic nerve, causing inflammation and pain. Other causes of sciatica include spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal), degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis (slipped vertebra), and rarely, tumors or infections.
Sciatica pain is typically described as a shooting or burning pain that starts in the lower back or buttocks and radiates down the back of the leg. The pain can vary in intensity and may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness in the affected leg or foot.
There are numerous causes of back pain, including:
* 1) Muscle or ligament strain: This is one of the most common causes and often occurs due to improper lifting, sudden movements, or poor posture.
* 2) Herniated or bulging discs: The discs that cushion the vertebrae can bulge or rupture, pressing on nerves and causing pain.
* 3) Arthritis: Conditions like osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis can affect the spine and lead to back pain.
* 4) Osteoporosis: Weakening of the bones can result in compression fractures in the spine, leading to pain.
* 5) Spinal abnormalities: Conditions like scoliosis (sideways curvature of the spine) or spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal) can cause chronic back pain.
* 6) Infections and tumors: In rare cases, infections or tumors in the spine can cause back pain.
Symptoms of back pain can vary but commonly include aching or stiffness in the back, sharp or shooting pain, limited mobility, and muscle spasms.
Ayurvedic Approach to Back Pain and Sciatica
Ayurveda, an ancient Indian system of medicine, believes in restoring balance to the body and mind to alleviate pain and promote overall wellness. In the context of back pain and sciatica, Ayurvedic treatments aim to address the root causes rather than merely suppressing symptoms.
Ayurveda approach for back pain and sciatica pain is focused on treating the root cause of the problem rather than just managing the symptoms. According to Ayurveda, back pain and sciatica pain are caused due to an imbalance in the Vata dosha, which is responsible for movement and flexibility in the body. To correct this imbalance, Ayurveda suggests various approaches, including herbal remedies, yoga, meditation, and dietary changes. Ayurvedic treatments such as Panchakarma, Kati Basti, Sneha Basti, Kashya Basti and Abhyanga are also highly effective in reducing pain and inflammation in the back and sciatica nerves.
At Adyant Ayurveda, our experienced Ayurvedic physicians begin by conducting a thorough examination to understand the unique constitution of the individual and identify any imbalances. They consider factors such as lifestyle, diet, stress levels, and physical activities that may contribute to the condition.
The treatment plan may include a combination of therapies, including herbal remedies, customized dietary recommendations, specific exercises, and lifestyle modifications. Herbal formulations, prepared from natural ingredients, are prescribed to reduce inflammation, relax muscles, and strengthen the spine.
Ayurveda treatment for Back Pain and Sciatica
* Ayurvedic Medicines: Customized herbal formulations are prescribed by Ayurvedic physicians to reduce pain, and inflammation, and improve nerve health. These medicines are carefully selected based on the individual’s constitution and specific imbalances.
* Therapies: Various therapies are used to alleviate pain, enhance flexibility, and restore balance. Kati Vasti involves retaining warm herbal oils on the affected area, providing nourishment and strengthening the tissues. Abhyangam, a therapeutic massage, helps improve blood circulation and relax the muscles. Panchakarma therapies, such as detoxification treatments, may also be recommended to eliminate toxins and promote overall healing.
* Vasti Treatments: Vasti treatments are specialized enemas performed using herbal decoctions, oils, or medicated ghee. Kashaya Vasti involves using herbal decoctions, Snehavasti uses medicated oils, and Ksheera Vasti employs medicated milk. These treatments help strengthen the tissues, correct imbalances, and nourish the affected area.
* Diet and Lifestyle Modifications: Ayurvedic physicians provide dietary recommendations tailored to the individual’s condition. They suggest incorporating foods with anti-inflammatory properties, such as ginger, turmeric, and green leafy vegetables. Lifestyle modifications, including regular exercise, maintaining proper posture, and managing stress, are also advised to support the healing process and prevent future episodes of back pain and sciatica.
Ayurveda herbs used to treat back pain and Sciatica
* Nirgundi – Vitex Negundo which is known as Nirgundi by Ayurveda doctors, is very good muscle relaxant, pain killer, and anti stress herb.
* Shallaki- Shallaki whose botonical name ,Boswellia serrata is a popular herb which is used in many Ayurveda Medicines mainly for the treatment of osteo arthritis and muscular pain.
* Ashwagandha -Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) is a wonder herb which is used in many Ayurveda medicines preparations. It is used for the treatment of anxiety, leucoderma, depression, insomnia, immunity, muscles strength and has the property of addressing the vitiated vata dosha
* Guggulu- Guggulu, the most common herb used is a oleo-gum which has the unique properties of relieving joint pain and inflammation.
* Guduchi -Guduchi(Tinospora cordifolia) is a herb which is extensively used in the treatment of fevers,asthma,and most commonly used in the correction of auto-immunity. Guduchi is used as herb in treating back pain and Sciatica where there is the involvement of auto immunity factor in causation of disease.
Important Ayurveda classical medicine preparation for Back pain and Sciatica
* Dashamoola Kashayam
* Dhanwantaram Kashayam
* Maharasnadi Kashayam
* Rasna Saptaka Kashayam
* Sahacharadi Kashayam
* Trayodashanga Guggulu
* Amrutha Guggulu
* Yogaraja Guggulu
Additionally, they offer guidance on proper posture, ergonomics, and exercises that can help alleviate strain on the back and improve posture and muscle strength.
By adopting an Ayurvedic approach to back pain and sciatica, individuals can not only find relief but also restore balance and promote overall well-being. It is important to consult with an experienced Ayurvedic physician to receive personalized treatment and guidance tailored to individual needs.
Addressing Individual Needs
Indeed, at Adyant Ayurveda, we prioritize personalized care and understanding the unique needs of each patient. Our skilled physicians conduct a comprehensive assessment to identify the underlying factors contributing to back pain and sciatica. This includes considering the patient’s constitution, lifestyle, dietary habits, and any emotional or mental factors that may play a role.
With this holistic understanding, our physicians create an individualized treatment plan tailored to address the specific needs of the patient. This plan may include a combination of Ayurvedic medicines, therapies, dietary recommendations, and lifestyle modifications.
By targeting the root cause of the condition, our approach aims to provide effective and long-lasting relief. Our physicians closely monitor the progress of each patient, making necessary adjustments to the treatment plan as needed.
At Adyant Ayurveda, we believe that personalized attention and a patient-centred approach are vital in promoting optimal health and well-being. Our goal is to not only alleviate the symptoms of back pain and sciatica but also empower patients with the knowledge and tools to maintain a healthy lifestyle and prevent future occurrences.
The Role of Stress Management
Stress management plays a significant role in the management of back pain and sciatica. Stress can contribute to the onset, severity, and duration of these conditions, as it can lead to increased muscle tension, reduced blood flow, and heightened perception of pain. By effectively managing stress, individuals may experience relief and improved overall well-being.
When it comes to back pain and sciatica, stress management techniques can
help in several ways. First, stress reduction techniques such as deep breathing exercises, meditation, and mindfulness can promote relaxation and reduce muscle tension, which can alleviate pain and discomfort.
Additionally, stress management techniques can enhance coping mechanisms, allowing individuals to better manage pain and reduce the impact it has on their daily lives. Chronic pain can lead to emotional distress, anxiety, and depression, which in turn can worsen the perception of pain. By incorporating stress management techniques, individuals can improve their emotional well-being and reduce the negative impact of pain on their mental health.
Furthermore, stress management can also help individuals adopt healthier lifestyle choices. Stress often leads to unhealthy habits such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and inadequate sleep, all of which can contribute to back pain and sciatica. By managing stress, individuals are more likely to make healthier choices, which can positively impact their pain levels and overall health.
The Adyant Ayurveda Experience
Adyant Ayurveda is widely recognized as the best Ayurvedic hospital, known for its expertise in providing effective treatments for back pain and sciatica. Every patient receives individualised care and attention from our team of knowledgeable Ayurvedic doctors and therapists. With our selection of Ayurvedic therapies, superior herbal remedies, and a peaceful healing space, we work to provide a distinctive therapeutic experience that fosters general well-being.
Conclusion
Back pain and sciatica can significantly impact one’s quality of life, but with the holistic approach of Ayurveda, relief and healing are attainable. Adyant Ayurveda, the best Ayurvedic centre, offers personalized treatment plans, incorporating Ayurvedic medicines, therapies, and lifestyle modifications. By addressing the root causes and utilizing stress management techniques, Adyant Ayurveda aims to provide long-lasting relief and promote overall well-being. If you’re seeking effective and natural solutions for back pain and sciatica, Adyant Ayurveda with the best Ayurveda doctors is ready to tackle any problem and win the heart with our results. | WIKI |
Frobenius-nmf: NMF Algorithm/Updates for Frobenius Norm
nmf_update.lee_RR Documentation
NMF Algorithm/Updates for Frobenius Norm
Description
The built-in NMF algorithms described here minimise the Frobenius norm (Euclidean distance) between an NMF model and a target matrix. They use the updates for the basis and coefficient matrices (W and H) defined by Lee et al. (2001).
nmf_update.lee implements in C++ an optimised version of the single update step.
Algorithms ‘lee’ and ‘.R#lee’ provide the complete NMF algorithm from Lee et al. (2001), using the C++-optimised and pure R updates nmf_update.lee and nmf_update.lee_R respectively.
Algorithm ‘Frobenius’ provides an NMF algorithm based on the C++-optimised version of the updates from Lee et al. (2001), which uses the stationarity of the objective value as a stopping criterion nmf.stop.stationary, instead of the stationarity of the connectivity matrix nmf.stop.connectivity as used by ‘lee’.
Usage
nmf_update.lee_R(i, v, x, rescale = TRUE, eps = 10^-9,
...)
nmf_update.lee(i, v, x, rescale = TRUE, copy = FALSE,
eps = 10^-9, weight = NULL, ...)
nmfAlgorithm.lee_R(..., .stop = NULL,
maxIter = nmf.getOption("maxIter") %||% 2000,
rescale = TRUE, eps = 10^-9, stopconv = 40,
check.interval = 10)
nmfAlgorithm.lee(..., .stop = NULL,
maxIter = nmf.getOption("maxIter") %||% 2000,
rescale = TRUE, copy = FALSE, eps = 10^-9,
weight = NULL, stopconv = 40, check.interval = 10)
nmfAlgorithm.Frobenius(..., .stop = NULL,
maxIter = nmf.getOption("maxIter") %||% 2000,
rescale = TRUE, copy = FALSE, eps = 10^-9,
weight = NULL, stationary.th = .Machine$double.eps,
check.interval = 5 * check.niter, check.niter = 10L)
Arguments
rescale
logical that indicates if the basis matrix W should be rescaled so that its columns sum up to one.
i
current iteration number.
v
target matrix.
x
current NMF model, as an NMF object.
eps
small numeric value used to ensure numeric stability, by shifting up entries from zero to this fixed value.
...
extra arguments. These are generally not used and present only to allow other arguments from the main call to be passed to the initialisation and stopping criterion functions (slots onInit and Stop respectively).
copy
logical that indicates if the update should be made on the original matrix directly (FALSE) or on a copy (TRUE - default). With copy=FALSE the memory footprint is very small, and some speed-up may be achieved in the case of big matrices. However, greater care should be taken due the side effect. We recommend that only experienced users use copy=TRUE.
.stop
specification of a stopping criterion, that is used instead of the one associated to the NMF algorithm. It may be specified as:
• the access key of a registered stopping criterion;
• a single integer that specifies the exact number of iterations to perform, which will be honoured unless a lower value is explicitly passed in argument maxIter.
• a single numeric value that specifies the stationnarity threshold for the objective function, used in with nmf.stop.stationary;
• a function with signature (object="NMFStrategy", i="integer", y="matrix", x="NMF", ...), where object is the NMFStrategy object that describes the algorithm being run, i is the current iteration, y is the target matrix and x is the current value of the NMF model.
maxIter
maximum number of iterations to perform.
stopconv
number of iterations intervals over which the connectivity matrix must not change for stationarity to be achieved.
check.interval
interval (in number of iterations) on which the stopping criterion is computed.
stationary.th
maximum absolute value of the gradient, for the objective function to be considered stationary.
check.niter
number of successive iteration used to compute the stationnary criterion.
weight
numeric vector of sample weights, e.g., used to normalise samples coming from multiple datasets. It must be of the same length as the number of samples/columns in v – and h.
Details
nmf_update.lee_R implements in pure R a single update step, i.e. it updates both matrices.
Author(s)
Original update definition: D D Lee and HS Seung
Port to R and optimisation in C++: Renaud Gaujoux
References
Lee DD and Seung H (2001). "Algorithms for non-negative matrix factorization." _Advances in neural information processing systems_. <URL: http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=intitle:Algorithms+for+non-negative+matrix+factorization\#0>.
NMF documentation built on March 30, 2022, 1:05 a.m. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Christos Papadopoulos
Christos Papadopoulos (born May 19, 1982) is a Greek swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events. Papadopoulos qualified for the men's 100 m breaststroke at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, representing the host nation Greece. He cleared a FINA B-standard entry time of 1:04.10 from a test event at the Athens Olympic Aquatic Centre. He challenged seven other swimmers on the fourth heat, including four-time Olympian Ratapong Sirisanont (Thailand), who was later disqualified for a false start. He touched out Senegal's Malick Fall to take a third spot by 0.07 of a second in 1:04.43. Papadopoulos failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed thirty-ninth overall on the first day of preliminaries. At 2002 Balkan Games in Volos he won the gold medal with national record in 200 breaststroke (2.18.70). At the 2005 Mediterranean Games, he took 8th place in 200m breaststroke.
Papadopoulos also placed fifth in the men's 200 m breaststroke with a time of 2:11.48 at the World Cup in Berlin, 2005. In 2003 he swam the men's 200m Breastroke in the World Universiade in Daegu, Korea finishing eighth in the B-final. He has broken multiple national records in the breaststroke events and continues to swim to this day. In 1998 Christos won 6th place in the 200m Breastroke at the World Gymnasiade Games in Shanghai. Papadopoulos has been national champion in swimming events between 1998 and 2008 consecutively. Furthermore, he has been a finalist in the men's national OPEN swimming events between 1998 and 2015. Currently, Papadopoulos takes part in open water marathon and triathlon races and runs a specialised swimming and running store. He was also granted his bachelor's degree in business administration and management at the University of Macedonia, Greece. | WIKI |
Talk:Lightweight Fighter program
Temporary Redirection
Fighter mafia is redirected for now to this article, which is a very similar topic, until I or someone else can rewrite. Leaving the content in the source so it can be edited upon soon. The current article has many glaring problems:
* Claims it was a group of officers. Many, including Christie and Sprey, were civilian defense analysts.
* Claimed it shaped specifications for the F-4E, unsupported by the sources provided here and chronologically off with the supposed coining of the term in 1969, after the purchase of the F-4E
* Boyd is far more than an "instructor pilot"
* Their position was not based on deficiencies in existing aircraft but in Boyd's E-M, which provided a framework to demonstrating that there were deficiencies - and moreso in the new designs under development in the 1960's than the in-service designs. Important distinction.
As LWF contains a fairly detailed history that encompasses E-M, it's a suitable substitute for now. --Mmx1 01:43, 11 August 2006 (UTC)
Rename with "Program"
"light weight fighter" is a fairly generic name. I propose moving this article to "Lightweight Fighter program" to avoid namespace problems, as well as make the terminology more common with articles like New Fighter Aircraft program. Maury (talk) 16:48, 30 July 2008 (UTC)
Yep I agree, I was expecting "Lightweight fighter" to be an article generally about light fighterd, not just the YF-16/YF-17 program. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:39, 19 January 2010 (UTC)
* Unfortunately, just because you don't like the name doesn't make it possible to re-write history - that's what the YF-16/YF-17 program was called so deal with it. Maybe you should talk with Mr. Peabody... — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 23:51, 8 February 2014 (UTC)
F-1 E
The latest edits regarding the F-1 E need to be rewritten and have authoritative reference sources. Comments? FWiW Bzuk (talk) 18:41, 28 October 2011 (UTC).
Yes! If I understand well, we are not supposed to use the genuine source (In French, or any other language)? So what if the source is not available in English?Alfad (talk) 20:35, 31 October 2011 (UTC)
* Foreign sources are acceptable if no other sources are available, but must be written in a way that is clearly understandable. FWiW Bzuk (talk) 22:48, 31 October 2011 (UTC).
Ok sorry if i am dumb, but if i put Philippe Grasset November 27,2002 Lunch-debate of the CHEAr (Centre des Hautes Études de l'Armement, or Center of the High Studies of the Armament), this will be acceptable? Alfad (talk) 03:03, 1 November 2011 (UTC)
* Try it this way: Grasset, Philippe. Presentation: (need a title here) (in French). Paris: Centre des Hautes Études de l'Armement (CHEAr), 27 November 2002. FWiW Bzuk (talk) 03:46, 1 November 2011 (UTC).
Really?
This article states: "The US Navy had long ago come to similar conclusions, and had been designing a series of aircraft dedicated to this role. Notable among these was the well named Douglas F6D Missileer, a slow and unmaneuverable design equipped with very powerful missiles and radar. The US Air Force had similar designs, but these had been dedicated to the interceptor role..." What were these "similar designs" of the USAF? The Missileer was a response to a 1959 USN requirement - the USAF at the time was fielding aircraft like the F-106 in the interceptor role - hardly "slow and unmaneuverable" Indeed, if anything the USAF was heading for faster and faster interceptors, like the F-108 and YF-12. About the only aircraft that would appear to be similar to the Missileer in terms of speed and manueverability was the old F-89, basically a WWII era design - while still being kept around as a Genie carrier (F-89J) logically as an economy measure not because of a dedicated plan for slow aircraft on the Air Force's part. Sounds like more Wiki original research to this reader... — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 23:49, 8 February 2014 (UTC)
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FPL ENERGY, LLC, FPL Energy Pecos Wind I, L.P., FPL Energy Pecos Wind II, L.P., and Indian Mesa Wind Farm, L.P., Petitioners, v. TXU PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT COMPANY, L.P. n/k/a Luminant Energy Company, LLC, Respondent.
No. 11-0050.
Supreme Court of Texas.
Argued Oct. 15, 2012.
Decided March 21, 2014.
Allen Ryan Paulsen, Anne McGowan Johnson, Ben L. Mesches, Nina Cortell, Haynes & Boone LLP, Jeffrey M. Tillot-son, John D. Volney, Lynn Tillotson Pinker & Cox, LLP, Dallas, TX, for Petitioners.
Daniel Lee Gus, James W. Walker, Walker Sewell LLP, James C. Ho, Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Dallas, Lawrence J.C. VanDyke, Office of the Attorney General Solicitor General’s Office, TX, for Respondent.
Gene Grace, American Wind Energy Company LLC, Washington, DC, for Ami-cus Curiae.
Justice GREEN
delivered the opinion of the Court.
In this contract interpretation case, TXU Portfolio Management Company, L.P. (TXUPM) contracted to receive electricity and renewable energy credits (RECs) from wind farms owned by FPL Energy, LLC. FPL failed to provide the required electricity and RECs. TXUPM sued FPL for breach of contract; FPL counterclaimed, arguing TXUPM failed to provide FPL with sufficient transmission capacity. The trial court granted two partial summary judgments. First, it issued a declaratory judgment that the contracts required TXUPM to provide transmission capacity. Second, it declared the contracts’ liquidated damages provisions unenforceable. The remaining issues were tried to a jury, and the trial court entered take-nothing judgments for both parties. Both parties appealed. The court of appeals reversed both summary judgment rulings. 328 S.W.3d 580, 591 (Tex.App.Dallas 2010, pet. granted).
We address the following issues: (1) did TXUPM owe FPL a contractual duty to provide adequate transmission capacity to FPL; (2) if FPL breached and TXUPM did not, do the liquidated damages provisions apply to energy and RECs or only to RECs; and (3) are the liquidated damages provisions in these contracts enforceable? We affirm the court of appeals’ holding that TXUPM owed no contractual duty to provide transmission capacity. However, we hold the liquidated damages provisions apply only to RECs and are unenforceable as a penalty. Accordingly, we reverse the court of appeals’ judgment in part and remand the case to the court of appeals to determine damages.
I. Factual and Procedural Background
In Texas, the electric industry consists of three main components: power generation, power transmission, and power distribution. Electric producers own and operate generating facilities. The Electric Reliability Council of Texas, Inc. (ER-COT), with few exceptions, manages the transmission of electricity through an interconnected network — or grid — of transmission lines. Finally, retail electric providers distribute electricity directly to consumers.
In 1999, the Legislature created ambitious goals for renewable energy in Texas. See Act of May 27, 1999, 76th Leg., R.S., ch. 405, § 39, sec. 39.904, 1999 Tex. Gen. Laws 2543, 2598-99. The Legislature charged the Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUC) with establishing minimum renewable energy production requirements for all Texas electric providers. Tex. Util. Code § 39.904(c)(1). The Legislature also tasked the PUC with establishing a REC trading program. Id. § 39.904(b). A REC reflects one megawatt hour (MWh) “of renewable energy that is physically metered and verified in Texas.” 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.173(c)(13). Electric producers thus simultaneously create both electricity from renewable sources and the corresponding RECs, yet producers may choose to sell the two separately. Id. § 25.173(d). The REC trading program allows electric providers unable to satisfy the minimum renewable energy requirements to purchase and hold RECs “in lieu of capacity from renewable energy technologies.” Tex. Util.Code § 39.904(b); see 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.173(d)(2).
TXU Electric, a retail electric provider (and a different entity than TXUPM), solicited proposals from renewable energy producers to meet the new renewable energy production requirements. In 2000, TXU Electric entered agreements with two wind farm subsidiaries of FPL: Pecos Wind-1, L.P. and Pecos Wind II, L.P. Also in 2000, FPL acquired a third party’s rights to a similar contract with TXU Electric for Indian Mesa Wind Farm, L.P. Under the contracts, FPL sells TXU Electric RECs and the renewable electric energy used to produce those credits. TXU Electric assigned the contracts to TXUPM, a power marketer and, importantly, not a retail electric provider. The contracts with Pecos Wind I and II are identical. The Indian Mesa contract largely contains the same provisions, but, as explained below, the parties point to relevant differences in support of their claimed intent at the time of contracting. Two provisions of these contracts give rise to this dispute: one provision governing TXUPM’s transmission responsibilities and one providing for liquidated damages in the event that FPL fails to meet certain production requirements.
For approximately four years, FPL failed to produce the agreed upon electricity and RECs. TXUPM filed suit seeking damages for FPL’s breach of the contracts. FPL counterclaimed, arguing that it could not meet its obligations because of congestion on the ERCOT grid. When the grid lacks capacity to transmit all energy produced in an area, ERCOT issues curtailment orders instructing certain facilities to cease production. FPL claims it received curtailment orders from ERCOT which, along with an unexpected lack of wind in the area, caused it to produce less energy than promised. FPL blamed the congestion and resulting curtailment orders on TXUPM, insisting that TXUPM bore responsibility to ensure transmission capacity for all energy FPL could produce.
Both parties filed motions for partial summary judgment. Each sought declaratory judgment to clarify the portions of the contracts relating to transmission capacity and liquidated damages. The trial court issued several rulings. First, the court declared that the contracts unambiguously required TXUPM to provide all transmission services, including transmission capacity, to FPL. Second, the court determined that the liquidated damages provisions in the contracts were not enforceable, and thus void, because a liquidated damages amount of $50 per REC was not a realistic forecast of damages.
Consistent with these rulings, the trial court’s instructions to the jury indicated that TXUPM was required to provide transmission capacity and that the liquidated damages were unenforceable. The jury found that TXUPM should receive $8.9 million in compensatory damages for FPL’s failure to deliver renewable energy, yet the jury determined that TXUPM secured cover for the missing electricity by acquiring substitute electricity. The jury also found that TXUPM owed no compensatory damages to FPL for TXUPM’s alleged failure to ensure transmission capacity. The trial court entered judgment on the jury’s verdict, ordering that (1) FPL take nothing on its claims; and (2) TXUPM take nothing, despite the jury’s damage award, because TXUPM covered.
The court of appeals affirmed the take-nothing judgment for the damages claims but reversed and rendered judgment on the issues related to declaratory relief. 328 S.W.3d at 591. The court held that the contracts did not require TXUPM to provide the necessary transmission capacity. Id. at 587. As to liquidated damages, the court of appeals held that the provisions were enforceable because damages were difficult to estimate, the $50 rate was a reasonable estimate of just compensation, and FPL could not meet its burden to show that the $50 rate was disproportionate to TXUPM’s actual damages. Id. at 587-90.
We granted FPL’s petition for review and address the three issues before us-whether TXUPM was responsible for ensuring transmission capacity, whether the liquidated damages provisions apply to failure to deliver electricity, and whether the liquidated damages provisions are enforceable. 55 Tex.Sup.Ct.J. 320 (Feb. 17, 2012).
II. Contract Interpretation
Before deciding the enforceability of the liquidated damages provisions, we must resolve two matters of contract interpretation — TXUPM’s responsibility for transmission capacity and the scope of the liquidated damages provisions. Our analysis begins with the legal question of the contracts’ ambiguity. See Dynegy Midstream Servs., Ltd. P’ship v. Apache Corp., 294 S.W.3d 164, 168 (Tex.2009). If we can give a clear and definite legal meaning to a contract, it is not ambiguous as a matter of law. Gilbert Tex. Constr., L.P. v. Underwriters at Lloyd’s London, 327 S.W.3d 118, 133 (Tex.2010). An ambiguous contract, however, has a doubtful or uncertain meaning or is reasonably susceptible to multiple interpretations; we will not find ambiguity simply because the parties disagree over a contract’s meaning. Dynegy Midstream Servs., 294 S.W.3d at 168. Our primary concern in contract interpretation is to “ascertain the true intentions of the parties as expressed in the instrument.” Coker v. Coker, 650 S.W.2d 391, 393 (Tex.1983). We consider the entire writing to harmonize and effectuate all provisions such that none are rendered meaningless. Id. Further, we “construe contracts from a utilitarian standpoint bearing in mind the particular business activity sought to be served.” Frost Nat’l Bank v. L & F Distribs., Ltd., 165 S.W.3d 310, 312 (Tex.2005) (per curiam) (quoting Reilly v. Rangers Mgmt., Inc., 727 S.W.2d 527, 530 (Tex.1987)).
A. Transmission Capacity
We first consider whether the contracts require TXUPM to provide adequate transmission capacity to FPL. The trial court and the court of appeals found section 2.03 unambiguous, a finding the parties do not challenge. 328 S.W.3d at 584-85. We may, nonetheless, declare a contract ambiguous, see J.M. Davidson, Inc. v. Webster, 128 S.W.3d 223, 231 (Tex.2003), but we hold that section 2.03, when construed in light of the entire contracts, has a definite legal meaning and, thus, is unambiguous. See Gilbert Tex. Constr., 327 S.W.3d at 133.
Section 2.03(a) of the contracts, entitled “Transmission,” reads as follows:
TXU Electric shall provide, by purchasing or arranging for, all services, including without limitation Transmission Services, Ancillary Services, any control area services, line losses except for line losses on [FPL’s] side of the Delivery Point, and transaction fees, necessary to deliver Net Energy to TXU Electric’s load from the Renewable Resource Facility throughout the Contract Term (“Required Transmission Services”).
Section 1.02(a) of the contracts defines “Net Energy” as “the amount of electric energy in MWh produced by the Renewable Resource Facility and delivered to the Connecting Entity.” (emphasis added). Under section 2.02, a Connecting Entity owns any “transmission or distribution system with which the Renewable Resource Facility is interconnected.” The Connecting Entity serves as the “Delivery Point.”
FPL urges a broad view of TXUPM’s responsibility for transmission services. FPL contends that TXUPM’s obligation to provide transmission services “without limitation” encompasses the capacity to deliver electricity from the Renewable Resource Facility (i.e. FPL) to the load (i.e. TXUPM’s customer base). In support, FPL argues that Net Energy can refer only to a quantity and has no bearing on how and when delivery occurs. FPL further argues that the more specific language, “from the Renewable Resource Facility,” should trump Net Energy, which is defined elsewhere in the contracts. See Forbau v. Aetna Life Ins. Co., 876 S.W.2d 132, 133-34 (Tex.1994) (stating the rule that, in contract interpretation, a more specific provision will control over a general statement). FPL points to congestion beyond the Delivery Point, explaining that as electricity is generated and delivered virtually simultaneously, it cannot stop and wait at the Delivery Point for congestion to clear. In a compelling visual, FPL suggests that the transmission towers might burn down if FPL generated and sent electricity without an available, guaranteed path to the consumer. FPL complains that TXUPM caused the grid congestion and thus prompted the resulting curtailment orders.
TXUPM interprets the contracts as placing the risk of transmission system incapacity on FPL. TXUPM notes that the contracts identify “lack of transmission capacity” as an “Uncontrollable Force” outside the reasonable control of the parties. If capacity is beyond the control of the parties, TXUPM questions, how then can TXUPM bear responsibility for failure to provide capacity? Section 4.05 of the contracts reinforces this point by making clear that FPL must pay liquidated damages for failure to supply RECs even if the failure was the result of inadequate transmission capacity. Finally, TXUPM argues that the contracts’ definition of Net Energy binds this Court; incorporating Net Energy, as defined, into section 2.03 means that TXUPM owes a duty to provide transmission services only after the Delivery Point. Under TXUPM’s interpretation, if FPL could not deliver electricity because of congestion, FPL bore the risk and, thus, must bear the consequences. We agree with TXUPM’s interpretation.
We begin by recognizing the apparent textual conflict. Read in isolation, section 2.03 contains language supportive of either a broad or narrow interpretation of TXUPM’s transmission service responsibilities. “[F]rom the Renewable Resource Facility” implies that TXUPM would have to secure transmission capacity so FPL could deliver electricity. But the use of the term Net Energy, which exists only upon FPL’s delivery to the Connecting Entity, suggests that TXUPM bears responsibility only if the grid possesses capacity for TXUPM to deliver any generated electricity.
We cannot interpret a contract to ignore clearly defined terms, see Frost Nat’l Bank, 165 S.W.3d at 313, and, thus, we must accord Net Energy its due meaning. The contracts assigned TXUPM responsibility only for transmission services required to deliver Net Energy, and Net Energy represents the amount of energy produced by FPL and delivered to the Connecting Entity. TXUPM’s responsibility for transmissions services, then, begins once FPL-generated electricity reaches the Connecting Entity on the grid — the Delivery Point. The contracts’ use of the phrase “from the Renewable Resource Facility” is simply a designation of where the energy originated. It does not alter the definition of Net Energy provided in section 1.02 or in other sections throughout the contracts.
The placement of section 2.03 in the context of all interconnection requirements reinforces this conclusion. Section 2.02 requires FPL to “make all arrangements ... necessary to interconnect ... with a transmission or distribution system,” i.e. the Connecting Entity. Transmission systems are owned and operated by transmission service providers. See 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.5(143), (144). As between the original contracting parties, the contracts required a separate agreement to address interconnection if TXU Electric was the connecting entity; the parties do not suggest any such agreement exists. Between TXUPM and FPL, no such agreement can exist because TXUPM, as a power marketer, cannot own transmission systems. See id. § 25.5(83) (defining “power marketer” to exclude owners of transmission systems). The contracts obligate FPL to secure interconnection with a Connecting Entity, or transmission service provider, which under the PUC rules cannot be TXUPM. See id. § 25.5(83), (143). Reading sections 2.02 and 2.03 together, FPL must make all interconnection arrangements so that electricity can reach the Delivery Point, and TXUPM must ensure that facilities exist beyond the Delivery Point to allow for delivery to consumers. These provisions do not speak to the situation here, where both parties claim to meet their responsibilities but congestion on the grid inhibits energy generation and delivery.
Given these facts, then, we must consider which party is responsible for congestion beyond the Delivery Point. While FPL blames grid congestion on TXUPM, we believe the contracts recognize such congestion as beyond both parties’ control. Section 6.02(a) of the contracts addresses “Uncontrollable Force,” including “[e]vents or circumstances that are outside of a Party’s reasonable control,” which “may include ... lack of transmission capacity or availability.” The contracts mention transmission capacity only in this section. Congestion and curtailment issues, which affect transmission capacity and availability, must fall within this provision. Section 6.02(b) goes on to excuse a party from performance in the event of an Uncontrollable Force if certain criteria are met; there is no dispute that FPL did not meet those criteria.
Section 4.05, entitled “Effect of Outages and Uncontrollable Force,” outlines the general rule that payment and other calculations in sections 4.01-.10 are not impacted by Uncontrollable Force. The exception to this rule, discussed below, applies to reduce the Annual Quantity of RECs that FPL must produce for TXUPM only when PUC substantive rules would excuse the shortfall. The exception does not excuse FPL from its obligation to deliver electricity. In essence, the contracts allocate the risk of curtailment and congestion to FPL by clearly establishing that such events affect contract obligations only in certain instances not found here. We must respect and enforce this assignment of risk. See Gym-N-I Playgrounds, Inc. v. Snider, 220 S.W.3d 905, 912 (Tex.2007) (“Freedom of contract allows parties to bargain for mutually agreeable terms and allocate risks as they see fit.”).
To summarize, the contracts obligate FPL to interconnect with a Connecting Entity, which cannot be TXUPM. TXUPM bears responsibility for providing transmission services from the Delivery Point at the Connecting Entity. To the extent that lack of transmission capacity impairs electricity generation at the wind farms, the contracts provide that such lack of capacity is an Uncontrollable Force and FPL, therefore, bears the risk.
We note that this analysis does not fail because of the unique nature of electricity, despite FPL’s assertions. Admittedly, electricity generation, transmission, and distribution occur almost simultaneously. But even if electricity moves too fast to pinpoint its physical location, the parties certainly can conceptualize its location for the purpose of creating energy contracts like the ones in question today. Several contractual provisions make this clear: section 2.03(a) assigns FPL responsibility for any loss of electricity on its side of the Delivery Point; and section 3.01(b) makes FPL responsible for maintenance and operational compliance with ERCOT guidelines for facilities up to the Delivery Point. This conceptualization of electricity’s location pervades the contracts, and the parties assigned different responsibilities and liabilities based upon that understanding.
Here, ERCOT issued curtailment orders, effectively constraining energy generation, rather than energy transmission. FPL was therefore prevented from generating electricity and meeting its contractual obligations. Although ERCOT made final curtailment decisions, that does not mean that neither party bore the risk in the event of congestion and curtailment.
We hold that the contracts did not require TXUPM to provide transmission capacity for FPL but rather allocated risk of inadequate transmission capacity to FPL.
B. Liquidated Damages
We next consider the breadth of the liquidated damages provision in section 4.04. The court of appeals did not address the ambiguity of the section, and neither party argues the provision is ambiguous. We conclude that the provisions are unambiguous because we may discern a definite legal meaning by construing the provisions in light of each contract as a whole. See Gilbert Tex. Constr., L.P. v. Underwriters at Lloyd’s London, 327 S.W.3d 118, 133 (Tex.2010).
The provisions state in relevant part: If there is a Net Deficiency for a year.... [FPL] shall pay [TXUPM] a Deficiency Payment equal to the product of (i) the difference in MWh between (a) the Net Deficiency, and (b) the MWh of Transferred RECs, times (ii) the Deficiency Rate. The Deficiency Payment is intended to be liquidated damages and not a penalty.
Vastly simplified, a Net Deficiency occurs when FPL fails to meets its “Annual Quantity” REC quota, even taking into account past overproduction.
Section 4.04(f) sets the Deficiency Rate as follows:
The initial Deficiency Rate is $50 per MWh, based upon the $50 per MWh number in [PUC] Substantive Rule § 25.173. If the $50 per MWh in that Rule is amended, then the Deficiency Rate is automatically adjusted to the amended number stated in that Rule. If [PUC] Substantive Rule § 25.173 is amended or repealed without replacement so that the $50 number is no longer in the [PUC] Substantive Rules, then the Deficiency Rate is $50. To the extent that the [PUC] determines the annual average market value of RECs applicable to [TXUPM] for a year, then the Deficiency Rate for that year will be the lesser of (i) the $50 per MWh (as it may be later amended), and (ii) twice the annual average market value of RECs applicable to [TXUPM] as determined by the [PUC].... For a year for which there is a Deficiency Payment due, [TXUPM] shall make reasonable efforts to obtain a determination of the annual average market value of RECs by the [PUC], but nothing in this Section or in this Agreement obligates [TXUPM] to turn in fewer RECs than are required of it by the [PUC] program administrator in order to obtain such a determination.
TXUPM argues that the contracts cover both energy and RECs, and, therefore, the liquidated damages clauses must apply to both. TXUPM reads subsections (d) and (f) in the context of contract Article IV (sections 4.01 — .10), entitled “Payment, Records, and Billings.” According to TXUPM, because FPL simultaneously produces RECs and energy, the parties simply use RECs as a counting mechanism for both, rather than a term limited strictly to RECs. In support, TXUPM references section 4.02, which provides the contracts’ payment terms, whereby TXUPM must pay FPL a unified price for an Annual Quantity of MWhs of Renewable Energy comprised of both energy and RECs. Sections 4.03 and 4.04(a)-(c) outline a quarterly and annual reconciliation process to smooth any discrepancies based on the differences between continuous production of electricity and the quarterly issuance of RECs. Section 4.04(d), the argument goes, necessarily incorporates the language used in the other sections. That section states: “[FPL] may elect to obtain and transfer RECs to [TXUPM] that were not produced at the Renewable Resource Facility to completely or partially offset the Net Deficiency ... not to exceed the sum of (i) 20% of the Annual Quantity, and (ii) the Uncontrollable Force Deficiency for that year.” Thus, TXUPM argues, Section 4.04(d) as a whole must refer to the Annual Quantity of both energy and RECs.
In response, FPL points to the absence of “Net Energy” or “Renewable Energy” anywhere in the liquidated damages provisions and highlights several clauses consistent with an exclusive focus on RECs. First, section 4.04(d), quoted above, contains a mechanism for FPL to deliver RECs from another source if FPL cannot produce the RECs at its own facilities. That provision deals only with RECs, and not electricity. Second, the Deficiency Rate is tied to the PUC’s substantive rules on REC penalties. 24 Tex. Reg. 9142 (1999), adopted 25 Tex. Reg. 82 (2000), amended by 32 Tex. Reg. 5165 (2007), proposed 32 Tex. Reg. 487 (former 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.173(o)) (Pub. Util. Comm’n of Tex.). The PUC rules impose penalties for failure to retire sufficient RECs, not for failure to deliver electricity. Id. Third, the Indian Mesa contract more clearly limits the liquidated damages provision to RECs by eliminating the entire provision in the event that RECs cease to exist. For the reasons below, we hold that the liquidated damages clauses apply only to RECs.
At the outset, we note that sophisticated parties have broad latitude in defining the terms of their business relationship. See Forest Oil Corp. v. McAllen, 268 S.W.3d 51, 58 (Tex.2008) (articulating the principle that Texas courts should uphold contracts • “negotiated at arm’s length by ‘knowledgeable and sophisticated business players’ represented by ‘highly competent and able legal counsel’ ” (quoting Schlumberger Tech. Corp. v. Swanson, 959 S.W.2d 171, 180 (Tex.1997)). We must construe contracts by the language contained in the document, with a mind to Texas’s strong public policy favoring preservation of the freedom to contract. El Paso Field Servs., L.P. v. MasTec N. Am., Inc., 389 S.W.3d 802, 811-12 (Tex.2012); see also Cross Timbers Oil Co. v. Exxon Corp., 22 S.W.3d 24, 26 (Tex.App.-Amarillo 2000, no pet.)) (“In short, the parties strike the deal they choose to strike and, thus, voluntarily bind themselves in the manner they choose.”). Therefore, the lack of reference to electricity or energy in the liquidated damages provisions is critical.
Where the parties intended to address both energy and RECs, the contracts do so. In section 4.02, the payments are based on “all RECs and Net Energy produced by [FPL].” Section 4.03 contains explicit references to section 4.02 and the payments under section 4.02. The liquidated damages provisions, in contrast, provide no such reference. We will not, as TXUPM urges, selectively import terms from other provisions to compensate for the absence of the term “energy”; rather, we conclude that the omission was intentional and deliberate. See Tenneco Inc. v. Enter. Prods. Co., 925 S.W.2d 640, 646 (Tex.1996) (“We have long held that courts will not rewrite agreements to insert provisions parties could have included or to imply restraints for which they have not bargained.”).
This interpretation does not conflict with, or render meaningless, any other provision of the contracts. To the contrary, other provisions recognize that RECs often receive differential treatment. Section 3.03(b) provides that if TXUPM cannot take delivery of electricity, FPL may sell electricity to the Connecting Entity, but must then sell the REC so produced to TXUPM. Section 4.04(d) allows FPL to cover REC deficiencies with RECs from other sources. These distinctions make sense because an electricity provider may readily obtain RECs on the open market, whereas it is more difficult for providers to arrange for substitute electricity to meet their commitments.
Support for differential treatment of RECs also flows from the regulatory scheme incorporated by reference into the contracts. Section 4.04(f) incorporates a Deficiency Rate from the PUC rules, then found in Texas Administrative Code Title 16, section 25.173. 24 Tex. Reg. 9142 (1999), adopted 25 Tex. Reg. 82 (2000), amended by 32 Tex. Reg. 5165 (2007), proposed 32 Tex. Reg. 487 (former 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.173(o)) (Pub. Util. Comm’n of Tex.). Section 25.173, at the time of contracting, assignment, and breach, contained a mechanism for excusing REC deficiencies due to events “beyond [the] reasonable control of the provider.” Id. Such events included lack of transmission capacity or curtailment orders from ERCOT. See id. (former 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.173(o )(4), (5)). The contracts incorporate this mechanism through section 4.05, which reduces the Annual Quantity to the extent that Administrative Code section 25.173 excused penalties for REC deficiencies. In sum, the contracts reduce FPL’s REC obligations when the PUC provides an excuse for the deficiency.
The very inclusion of the Deficiency Rate, which reflects the actual penalty TXUPM would have to pay for a REC deficiency, suggests the liquidated damages clause was intended to compensate only for REC deficiencies. To underscore this point, we note that when the parties entered the contracts, TXU Electric was subject to regulatory penalties for REC deficiencies. See id. (former 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.173(c)(1)). If FPL failed to deliver both electricity and RECs, and TXU Electric consequently could not meet its REC requirements, the PUC would assess a penalty against TXU Electric. The liquidated damages clause would yield $50 per REC, or the equivalent of the regulatory penalty. This would compensate TXU Electric for the undelivered REC, but what about the undelivered electricity? Liquidated damages would provide no compensation to TXU Electric for FPL’s failure to deliver electricity. This belies TXUPM’s assertion that the provisions were intended to compensate for both RECs and electricity. We conclude that the liquidated damages clauses compensate for REC deficiencies and leave common law remedies available for electricity deficiencies.
The Indian Mesa contract further solidifies our interpretation. Section 10.02 of the Indian Mesa contract provides that “if RECs cease to exist, then Section 4.03 and Section 4.04 of this Agreement will be automatically deleted.” This section preserves the agreement as an electricity-only contract if RECs disappear. Because the liquidated damages provision becomes a nullity without RECs, we must conclude that the provision is intended to compensate only for REC deficiencies. To do otherwise would render the provision meaningless, and this we cannot do. See Coker, 650 S.W.2d at 393.
Limiting the liquidated damages provisions to their plain language also has the benefit of advancing stability in the renewable energy marketplace, including the vital role of RECs. Under the legislative scheme, RECs and energy are “unbundled.” Tex. Util.Code § 39.904(b); ER-COT Nodal Protocols § 14.3.2(1) (January 1, 2013). Electric providers may either generate their own renewable energy or purchase RECs on the open market. 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.173(d), (J). Though FPL and TXUPM chose to contract for both in this ease, we should not allow that fact to cloud our analysis. As amici curiae REC stakeholders have pointed out, a contrary holding could impede the REC market, which facilitates renewable energy development by allowing prospective electric producers to secure a guaranteed long-term revenue stream. Yet if, as TXUPM urges, “REC” does not mean only REC, substantial uncertainty may arise regarding the desirability of such investments, the meaning of existing contracts, the negotiation of future contracts, and the ease of regulatory compliance. We are loath to interfere with a functioning market when the language of the contracts does not so require. The plain language of the liquidated damages provisions, the differential treatment of RECs and electricity in the contracts, and the separate provisions of the Indian Mesa contract all support a limited interpretation of a REC. We hold that the liquidated damages provisions apply only to REC deficiencies.
III. Enforceability of Liquidated Damages
We next consider the enforceability of the liquidated damages provisions when applied only to RECs. FPL contends that the provisions impose an unenforceable penalty when applied to compensate only for REC deficiencies. Although TXUPM argues primarily that the provisions reasonably forecast damages for electricity and RECs — a position foreclosed by our holding in this case — TXUPM’s arguments regarding the difficulty of estimation of REC-based damages and the reasonableness of the forecast of damages still resonate. Because the liquidated damages provisions fail our test for enforceability, however, we hold the provisions unenforceable.
The basic principle underlying contract damages is compensation for losses sustained and no more; thus, we will not enforce punitive contractual damages provisions. See Stewart v. Basey, 150 Tex. 666, 245 S.W.2d 484, 486 (1952). In Phillips v. Phillips, we acknowledged this principle and restated the two indispensable findings a court must make to enforce contractual damages provisions: (1) “the harm caused by the breach is incapable or difficult of estimation,” and (2) “the amount of liquidated damages called for is a reasonable forecast of just compensation.” 820 S.W.2d 785, 788 (Tex.1991) (citing Rio Grande Valley Sugar Growers, Inc. v. Campesi, 592 S.W.2d 340, 342 n. 2 (Tex.1979)). We evaluate both prongs of this test from the perspective of the parties at the time of contracting. In Phillips we recognized that, under this test, a liquidated damages provision may be unreasonable “because the actual damages incurred were much less than the amount contracted for.” 820 S.W.2d at 788. A defendant making this assertion may be required to prove the amount of actual damages before a court can classify such a provision as an unenforceable penalty. Id. While the question may require a court to resolve certain factual issues first, ultimately the enforceability of a liquidated damages provision presents a question of law for the court to decide. Id.
A. Difficulty of Estimating Damages
We first consider the difficulty of estimating damages at the time of contracting. TXUPM emphasizes the uncertainty of the market for RECs. FPL counters that all parties knew a REC marketplace would soon exist and provide transparent pricing by the time the obligations under the contracts became due. We agree with TXUPM that damages for RECs were difficult to estimate at the time of contracting.
The implementing legislation for the REC scheme passed in 1999, Act of May 27,1999, 76th Leg., R.S., ch. 405, § 89, sec. 39.904,1999 Tex. Gen. Laws 2543, 2598-99, but at the time of contract formation in 2000, the market for RECs did not yet exist. The nature of FPL’s obligation compounded the difficulty. The contracts required FPL to deliver an annual quantity of RECs. TXUPM could not identify the specific time, and thus the spot price in the REC market, in order to calculate the damage for any specific REC deficiency. Even if the contracts anticipate a healthy marketplace for RECs, the uncertain success of a novel legislative scheme surely poses a challenge to predicting damages. Indeed, as explained previously, the Indian Mesa contract foresaw the potential disappearance of the REC scheme and provided for continuation of the contract in the event of the scheme’s demise. The uncertain marketplace for RECs suffices to meet the “difficulty of estimation” prong of the contractual damages test.
B. Reasonableness of Damage Forecast
We next turn to the second prong, the reasonableness of the forecast of damages. FPL argues that the liquidated damages provisions, which derive directly from the regulatory penalty scheme, impose the maximum penalty in all situations. FPL points to an ameliorative provision in the penalty regulations that excuses REC deficiencies due to lack of transmission capacity or the actions of a governmental authority, such as an ERCOT curtailment. See 24 Tex. Reg. 9142 (1999), adopted 25 Tex. Reg. 82 (2000), amended by 32 Tex. Reg. 5165 (2007), proposed 32 Tex. Reg. 487 (former 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.173(o)) (Pub. Util. Comm’n of Tex.). Many of TXUPM’s counter-arguments are inextricably tied to contractual damages provisions based on RECs and electricity, and we need not acknowledge those arguments here. TXUPM does assert, however, that the liquidated damages provisions were not intended as indemnity clauses and therefore are not limited to application only if TXUPM were actually assessed a penalty.
We view the reasonableness of the forecast from the time of contracting. E.g., Mayfield, v. Hicks, 575 S.W.2d 571, 576 (Tex.Civ.App.-Dallas 1978, writ ref'd n.r.e.); accord RESTATEMENT (SECOND) OF CONTRACTS § 356 cmt. b (1981) (identifying the time of making a contract as the moment to measure the reasonableness of anticipated loss). We are not persuaded, as FPL urges, to attach a “penalty” label merely because the liquidated damages clause derives from a “penalty” scheme; that does not, standing alone, make it a penalty. Stewart, 245 S.W.2d at 486 (“[T]he courts will not be bound by the language of the parties”).
Although the initial per-REC deficiency rate is $50, the contracts also provide:
To the extent that the [PUC] determines the annual average market value of RECs applicable to [TXUPM] for a year, then the Deficiency Rate for that year will be the lesser of (i) the $50 per MWh (as it may be later amended), and (ii) twice the annual average market value of RECs applicable to [TXUPM] as determined by the [PUC].
The contracts thus anticipate that the amount of damages may be tied to market value, rather than an arbitrary number. Further, section 4.05 of the contracts anticipates that the PUC substantive rules will affect the REC requirements:
The exception ... is that the Annual Quantity for a year is decreased to the extent that [TXUPM] is excused from paying a penalty by reason of any event under Section 25.173(o )(4) and (5) of the [PUC] Substantive Rules that adversely affected production of RECs by the Renewable Resource Facility in that year.
As discussed above, former PUC rules, then found in Title 16, Section 25.173 of the Texas Administrative Code, excused REC deficiencies due to lack of transmission capacity or curtailment orders. 24 Tex. Reg. 9142 (1999), adopted 25 Tex. Reg. 82 (2000), amended by 32 Tex. Reg. 5165 (2007), proposed 32 Tex. Reg. 487 (former 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.173(o)) (Pub. Util. Comm’n of Tex.). The contracts therefore contemplate that REC obligations of the parties, and the resulting damages, are a product of and intertwined with the regulatory scheme. The liquidated damages provisions attempt to integrate these ameliorative processes, and thus, on their face, reasonably forecast damages.
Yet the facts of this case demonstrate the chasm between the liquidated damages provisions as written and the result of the provisions under the court of appeals’ judgment. First, the number of deficient RECs varies significantly between TXUPM’s assertion and what the regulatory scheme would indicate. FPL had a collective deficiency of 580,000 RECs, yet 62% (or about 360,000) were not produced because of transmission congestion and associated ERCOT curtailment orders, which are excused by the PUC rules. Id. TXU Electric was subject to PUC penalties for REC deficiencies at the time of contract formation. Id. (former 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.173(c)(1)). Upon assignment to TXUPM, a power marketer, no party was subject to PUC penalties. See 16 Tex. Admin. Code § 25.5(83) (defining power marketer as an wholesaler seller of electricity who does not own generation, transmission, or distribution facilities in Texas, which would exclude TXUPM from REC penalties). This change in relationship did not undermine each contract, but it fundamentally changed the basis for the liquidated damages provisions. Those provisions presuppose that TXU Electric or its successors would respond to potential penalties for REC deficiencies. When those successors have no REC penalty obligations, they may, as occurred here, fail to secure a regulatory excuse for deficiencies that would obviate any need for the liquidated damages provisions. If the PUC could assess a penalty against TXUPM, the penalty would be based on the 220,000 RECs attributable to lack of wind, not congestion.
Second, the Deficiency Rate calculation failed to tie the damages to market value as the contracts contemplate. Section 4.04(f) of the contracts allows for a Deficiency Rate of either $50 or twice the annual average market value of RECs “[t]o the extent that the [PUC] determines the annual average market value.” The PUC expressly declined TXUPM’s request for such a determination. The actual market value of a REC during the period in question ranged from $4 to $14. The fortuity of a PUC determination thus utterly controls the damages, irrespective of the actual market value. For instance, the appropriate amount of damages should fall in the range of $8 to $28 (twice the average market value), depending on what the PUC would have determined as the actual market value of a REC in each year.
In combination, this creates an unacceptable disparity. The court of appeals assessed damages at $29 million. If we use the REC deficiency of 220,000 (as reduced under PUC rules), and the reduced Deficiency Rate of $28 (the upper bound of the possible range), actual damages equal only $6,160,000. To reach damages of $29 million on a 220,000 REC deficiency would require an effective deficiency rate of $132 per REC. The disparity grows if we consider that TXUPM also avoided the contract price of $24 per MWh of Renewable Energy — which includes a REC and a MWh of electricity. Although only a portion of the $24 is attributable to the REC not purchased, it nonetheless would further diminish TXUPM’s actual damages. In Phillips, we recognized that a liquidated damages provision may be unreasonable in light of actual damages. 820 S.W.2d at 788. The burden of proving unreasonableness falls to FPL. See id. The court of appeals held that FPL failed to meet this burden, yet the court’s evaluation was based on evidence of damages for electricity and RECs. 328 S.W.3d at 589-90. Our holding on the scope of the liquidated damages clauses limits our consideration to damages for REC deficiencies. The evidence reviewed in this opinion demonstrates that FPL has met its burden.
Phillips did not create a broad power to retroactively invalidate liquidated damages provisions that appear reasonable as written. See 820 S.W.2d at 788. Nor do we create such a power here. But when there is an unbridgeable discrepancy between liquidated damages provisions as written and the unfortunate reality in application, we cannot enforce such provisions. The forecast of damages was flawed by its reliance on events that did not and perhaps cannot occur — a PUC determination of the market value of RECs and a failure to secure a regulatory excuse for curtailment-based REC deficiencies. When the liquidated damages provisions operate with no rational relationship to actual damages, thus rendering the provisions unreasonable in light of actual damages, they are unenforceable. See id. Because the liquidated damages provisions operate as a penalty, we hold the provisions unenforceable.
IV. Conclusion
We hold that the contracts do not require TXUPM to provide transmission capacity to FPL, and thus TXUPM did not breach the contracts. FPL may owe damages for its breach, but the liquidated damages provisions in the contracts are unenforceable as a penalty. Accordingly, we reverse in part the judgment of the court of appeals and remand the case to the court of appeals to determine damages consistent with this opinion.
. The record shows that FPL earlier claimed that TXUPM: (1) prioritized its own fossil fuel-derived energy; (2) knowingly overstated to ERCOT its intention to transmit fossil fuel energy, resulting in curtailment orders for wind-produced energy; and (3) exercised its authority as a "Qualified Scheduling Entity,” whose responsibility is to report anticipated electricity generation to ERCOT, to influence ERCOT’s schedule for energy transmission on the grid. FPL's briefs, however, do not pursue these arguments. FPL petitioned this Court to review the meaning of the contracts as to TXUPM’s obligations to provide transmission services, not TXUPM’s alleged role in creating congestion. Thus, we will not consider these arguments. See Guitar Holding Co., L.P. v. Hudspeth Cnty. Underground Water Conservation Dist. No. 1, 263 S.W.3d 910, 918 (Tex.2008) (holding issues waived if not presented in the petition for review or in the briefs).
. Polimera v. Chemtex Envtl. Lab., Inc., No. 09-10-00361-CV, 2011 WL 2135062, at *4-5, 2011 Tex.App. LEXIS 3886, at *12 (Tex.App.Beaumont May 19, 2011, no pet.) (mem.op.); Baker v. Int’l Record Syndicate, Inc., 812 S.W.2d 53, 55 (Tex.App.-Dallas 1991, no writ); Mayfield v. Hicks, 575 S.W.2d 571, 576 (Tex.Civ.App.-Dallas 1978, writ ref'd n.r.e.); Muller v. Light, 538 S.W.2d 487, 488 (Tex.Civ.App.-Austin 1976, writ ref’d n.r.e.); Schepps v. Am. Dist. Tele. Co. of Tex., 286 S.W.2d 684, 690 (Tex.Civ.App.-Dallas 1955, no writ); Zucht v. Stewart Title Guar. Co., 207 S.W.2d 414, 418 (Tex.Civ.App.-San Antonio 1947, writ dism'd); accord Restatement (Second) of Contracts § 356 cmt. b (1981) (identifying the time of making a contract as the moment to evaluate the reasonableness of a liquidated damages clause).
| CASELAW |
WOW0821240209BLCLJLLLML
M3 FAQs
There are no “side effects” per se. Most people just enjoy the health benefits of increasing their own nitric oxide. On very rare occasions some may initially have some digestive upset (loose bowels) which typically gets better after a few days.
Some that have herpes may experience an outbreak. Most do not. As a precaution, if this is a concern for you, you might consider taking 1000 mg of Lysine at a different time than taking m3.
M3 is best taken away from meals (at least 20 minutes before or after eating).
Always check with your doctor before adding something new to your daily regime. That being said, thousands of health conscious individuals have added these nutrients into their daily program with no problem. Ask your doctor, “are there any contraindications for me taking these nutrients?”
The recommended dose is two scoops per day. That being said, many with compromised health have doubled (or more) the dosage with excellent results. Again, check with your doctor.
Many people will notice better energy and sleep patterns very soon after taking m3. However, the best results are seen over time. Give it at least 3 to 6 months for specific health challenges you may have.
We use South Korean material which is created by fermentation of glucose. There are no pesticides or heavy metals involved. We test for heavy metals for finished product if required. If the product is not of herbal/plant origin, there is no reason to test pesticides/herbicides.
Nitric Oxide has thousands of studies stating its benefits. The eyes are included. Here are what some authorities are saying regarding various optical functions, “NO is an important mediator of homeostatic [health giving, disease preventing] processes in the eye, such as regulation of aqueous humor dynamics [the amount of fluid inside the eyeball], retinal neurotransmission [the role of the retina in sending electrical signals to the brain] and phototransduction [the conversion of light into electrical signal].” – Survey of Opthalmology
NO for Glaucoma
Definition of Glaucoma: Damage to the optic nerve and to vision caused by high levels of intraocular pressure within the eyeball.
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in U.S. More than 3 million Americans are living with it Symptoms can include loss of peripheral vision, blurry vision, nausea, and eye pain How can increasing nitric oxide help? “The increase of NO increases vasodilation and improves contractility in the trabecular mesh-work [area that drains fluid from the eye], the final effect being the decrease of intraocular pressure.” – Oftalmologia
In the News
– NicOx and its partner Bausch & Lomb reported positive top-line results from a mid-stage study of their glaucoma drug candidate. B & L has spent $20 million. “These positive results support the strong potential of our nitric oxide-donating platform in the ophthalmology field”
NOTE: Our new citrus flavored M3 does not have Xylitol. The original berry flavor does.
Xylitol is a non caloric sweetener derived from NON-GMO corn or birch. Because it does not effect the glycemic index it is safe for daily use by diabetics. Your body makes somewhere around 15g of xylitol daily (there is under 2g of xylitol in M3 per two scoops) so it is bio-identical and your body knows how to process it. Arginine has been described as having the flavoring of something between "dirty gym socks and putrefied fish." Yuck! Through much labor we have created a product that gets rave reviews for flavor AND results. Why don't we use stevia and or monk fruit? We do! Challenge is you can only use so much stevia before it becomes bitter. Monk fruit is great, but is extremely expensive! Why don't we use good ole sugar? We have found that people object to it due to raising blood sugar and too many carbs. How about sucralose or aspartame? No way!!! Due to all these factors we have decided to use the well balanced and desirable flavoring of xylitol, stevia and monk fruit combined.
Added to cart! | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Anja Obradović
Anja Obradović (Ања Обрадовић; born 24 January 2000) is a Serbian judoka. She won a bronze medal at the 2021 World Championships in Budapest.
During her junior career, she won a silver medal at the World Junior Championships in 2019 in Marrakech. Her older sister Jovana Bunčić is also a judoka.
She competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in women's 63 kg event and was eliminated in the first round. | WIKI |
Talk:University House, Berkeley
Coordinate error
The following coordinate fixes are needed for University House, Berkeley California USA: Geo URI should be 37.874482, -122.262213
—<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:05, 17 August 2016 (UTC)
* ✅. Deor (talk) 12:35, 17 August 2016 (UTC) | WIKI |
Flutter or React Native: A comparative study
With Facebook’s React Native existing without any competition for a few years, here comes Google with Flutter. Though Flutter has been around for three years, it has only now gained developers attention in the past three to four months. Flutter focuses on solving tough UI challenges with flexible animation and gesture. Will Flutter give a tough fight for React Native? Let’s explore!
Flutter is a Javascript framework developed by Google that builds upon Dart and a portable C++ to implement reactive UI elements. People who work on Java will enjoy working on Flutter. This Framework provides deep customizable UI elements where native developers won’t feel bad working on Flutter. Though the UI elements are not native, Flutter performs exceptionally well as it works on Dart bridge. It also supports fast reload like React Native which allows quick UI prototyping and of course, fixing bugs 😛 . Flutter’s plugin installation is a quick and smooth process even if you don’t have prior experience with mobile app building.
Things Flutter is better at than React Native
1. The StatefulWidget in Flutter provides a place to store and change data dynamically similar to React and React-Native
2. With Flutter, when a third party package it is connected automaticall. Contrasted with the need to manual require packages in React. In Flutter, “Everything is Automatic”.
3. Recommended IDEs for Flutter include Android studio and Intellij Idea. They are awesome and easy to work with for a developer who worked on Android already
4. Though React Native has Hot Reload, it is no where as fast as Flutter.
5. In React Native it is tough to choose a navigator because no navigator in React Native is a 100% perfect (I prefer ReactNavigation). The built in navigator in Flutter is amazing. You can create a new route without connecting anything! 😛 Unlike React Native where you need import navigation components every time.
Things React Native is better at than Flutter
1. Styles are not separated in Flutter. You will need to give inline styling while creating every component. The biggest productivity killer for Flutter. 😞
2. Flutter is known for Animation and UI customization, however it is comparatively more difficult to implement it in Flutter than in React-Native.
3. Flutter does not have enough resources to fix things since it hasn’t recieved enough attention from StackOverFlow. This makes hard for the developers to quickly build.
4. There is no such thing called modularity in Flutter. It is near impossible to inherit one component into another.
Flutter will be really good when they bring a separate place for styling and a construct for reusing code. Until then, solve the 2,753 open issues in https://github.com/flutter/flutter. Thank you!
This is a companion discussion topic for the original entry at https://www.skcript.com/svr/flutter-or-react-native-a-comparative-study/
Thank you Skcripters for the wonderful blog. Honestly I don’t know about flutter before reading the blog post.
1 Like
You’re welcome @YogeshspYogi | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Hajj Prep: Search Soul, Buy Sturdy Shoes, Pay the Dentist
JIDDA, Saudi Arabia — My father was on the phone from Australia, giving gravely voiced advice on preparing for the hajj, the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca. “Have you paid the dentist?” he asked. “He ruined my teeth!” I shrieked. “No matter, Baba,” he said, using an Arabic endearment. “This is the hajj. You have to clear your debts, even if you don’t think they are fair.” The hajj is a five-day pilgrimage of centuries-old rites that honor a birth story of Islam, a trek every Muslim is supposed to undertake at least once. It is a spiritual as well as physical journey, and requires preparations in both spheres. So I had to buy new shoes suitable for long days of walking and safe to wear in surging crowds. I was supposed to seek the forgiveness of anyone I have wronged — and forgive everybody who had wronged me. And I had to clear my debts. There is a dentist in the West Bank city of Ramallah who badly damaged my teeth this year, costing me thousands of dollars, days of pain and lasting emotional distress. This dentist has sent me nasty notes, threatening to use his “connections” to destroy my reputation if I did not pay him his outstanding bill of about $1,000. I protested to my father, crying a little. “God will compensate you,” he soothed. “And then when you see that man again, you can raise your head up high and know he has nothing on you.” Angry and resentful, I paid the dentist. I also made amends with the greedy landlord who refused to return my $2,650 security deposit. Eventually, I landed here in Jidda, Saudi Arabia, only to find that my suitcase containing my clothes, photo-card reader, computer charger, and contact lenses had been lost, and I had to forgive the luggage handlers, too. For hundreds of years, pilgrims have come to Saudi Arabia to sanctify God in Islam’s holiest site, heeding the command of the Quran: “And proclaim to mankind the hajj. They will come to you on foot, on very lean camel, they will come from every deep and distant mountain highway.” Today, they also come by bus and aircraft. They traverse between sites in air-conditioned corridors with lanes for those who are older and disabled. They eat in modern malls nearby, and some pay $2,700 a night to stay in towering hotels with views of the Haram, the sprawling mosque built around the black, cube-shaped building known as the Kaaba. Last year, more than 2,300 people were killed in a crush during the hajj. The pilgrimage has also become a petri dish for disease; many return home with a heavy cough Muslims call the “hajj flu.” I grew up in a observant Egyptian-Lebanese Muslim family in Canberra, Australia, and at 15 started wearing the hijab. I prayed regularly, memorized the Quran and sought to study Shariah, Islamic law. But my faith began to shatter in college. I was 20 when I took off my head scarf, feeling I could no longer visibly represent a religion that did not allow women to preach before men, lead them in prayer or serve as witnesses in some judicial matters. Now, at 38, I have a tangled relationship with Islam. It is the bedrock of my values. It informs how I smile at strangers, give to charity and try to be patient with dentists and landlords. But I date, I own a (modest) bikini, and while I still fast during the holy month of Ramadan, I do not exactly adhere to Islam’s other prescriptions. Still, I had always dreamed of doing the hajj. My oldest sister, Marwa, a farmer in rural New South Wales, and I planned to take a year off and walk to the Kaaba, as the great Sufi woman Rabia al-Adawiya did in the eighth century, from Basra, Iraq. It was one of those bucket-list items that got kicked back as life happened. Then a few months ago, a colleague suggested that I apply for a journalist visa to cover the hajj. I posed for a fresh passport photo wearing a black head scarf, red lipstick, and a scowl. “Are you a Muslim, sister?” the man at the Saudi Embassy in Jordan asked, looking suspiciously at the photo. “Yes, sir,” I said, pointing to my rather poetic name, Diaa el-Radwa, the Light of Radwa. Radwa is a mountain in Medina, the second-holiest city in Islam. The man stamped my passport with the visa. Suddenly, it was real. In the weeks since, I have sometimes found myself crying as I realized I would soon lay my own eyes on the Kaaba, which is empty — a reminder that the heart of Islam is the worship of a singular, inimitable God. I am also dreading the crowds, the heat and the logistics, and especially the minder whom the Saudi Ministry of Information assigns to follow journalists everywhere. And I’m anxious about my parents’ expectations. Then there was the matter of footwear. I had been planning to wear hiking boots — sturdy, comfortable, and nobody would squash my toes. My mum quickly nixed that notion. “If you wear shoelaces,” she warned in halting English, “men will try grab you as bend over to untie them.” Mum has undertaken the pilgrimage several times, and said nothing worked better than socks and Crocs — easy to slip on and off. Crocs I got. But socks? Because, she explained, people pee everywhere, and you want to avoid stepping in that. A survivor’s story of how he was almost crushed to death at the 2015 hajj. Instead, I bought braided leather sandals. And socks. I have taken my sister Arwa’s advice of wearing a long robe with a zipper, instead of buttons, so nobody can rip it open. Per my mother’s instruction, I tailored it to sit above my ankles, so I won’t trip. (It’s much harder for men, who may wear only two seamless white sheets. That’s it. No underwear, nothing. I can’t imagine working like that.) Hijab is of course required; I have added an elastic band, so if the scarf slips, I won’t reveal any strands. My brother Saif says people get really angry at women who look immodest. In the bag I will keep clutched to my chest I have a camera, a notepad, an iPhone, disinfectant gel, medicine for diarrhea, and antibiotics. My brother says it’s too dangerous to let my camera or anything else dangle from my neck; it could get snagged. “I cannot begin to describe the crowds,” he wrote on our family WhatsApp group. “You will often be stuck in human traffic moving only by the will of people around you, almost like a wave carrying you.” Saif undertook the hajj four years ago, when he was 31. “You may get shoved out of the way by a burly Turkish woman,” my brother continued. “A man might think it is his God-given right to pee in front of you. Just be patient and know why you are there in the first place.” He called a few days later: “Listen, I forgot to tell you something.” “Do your business before you go anywhere,” my brother said, describing how he once had to wait two or three hours to move perhaps 50 yards to a hotel. “Toilets, toilets, be very conscious of where they are and how you can get there.” Diarrhea is an ever-present threat. “You might need to find a quick escape route to a bathroom.” My father chimed in: “Buy your dates in Taif,” a Saudi city near the holy sites. There, he said, “they only cost a couple of dollars a kilo. If you buy them in Mecca or Medina, it’s around $35 a kilo. Everything is more expensive there.” And then, Arwa, who made the journey in 2004, refocused me. “The spiritual feeling overtakes” these earthly issues, “the people that rip you off, the men that are sexually assaulting people in front of you,” she wrote on WhatsApp. “It takes over all of that. It’s beautiful and unforgettable.” | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Qatar LNG flows unaffected by crisis: Shell
ISTANBUL (Reuters) - Qatari exports of liquefied natural gas (LNG) remain stable amid ongoing tension between the world’s biggest LNG exporter and its neighbors, an executive for Royal Dutch Shell said on Monday. “LNG flows remain stable, cargoes are going into the market,” said Steve Hill, Executive Vice-President for Gas and Energy Marketing and Trading at Shell, one of the world’s biggest LNG traders. “Qatar is a very credible and competent LNG producer,” Hill said at an industry event in Istanbul. Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt cut ties with Qatar on June 5, accusing it of backing terrorism. Doha has denied the allegations. Qatar said on Monday that its exports, including of LNG, to Japan, India, South Korea and China had not been affected by a the boycott. Exports to the four Asian countries account for nearly three quarters of its total exports. Reporting by Karolin Schaps; Editing by David Dolan | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
South-East Under 21A Football Championship
The South East Cork Under-21 A Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football competition organised by the Carrigdhoun Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association since 1967 for Under-21 Gaelic football teams in the southeastern region of County Cork, Ireland.
The title has been won at least once by 7 different clubs. The all-time record-holders are Valley Rovers, who have won a total of 20 titles.
Carrigaline are the title-holders after defeating Valley Rovers by 3-09 to 1-09 in the 2023 championship final. | WIKI |
Numpy’s random number routines produce pseudo random numbers using combinations of a BitGenerator to create sequences and a Generator to use those sequences to sample from different statistical distributions.
Table of Contents
Introduction
A pseudorandom number generator (PRNG), also known as a deterministic random bit generator (DRBG), is an algorithm for generating a sequence of numbers whose properties approximate the properties of sequences of random numbers. The PRNG-generated sequence is not truly random, because it is completely determined by an initial value, called the PRNG’s seed (which may include truly random values).
Although sequences that are closer to truly random can be generated using hardware random number generators, pseudorandom number generators are important in practice for their speed in number generation and their reproducibility. In particular, Numpy’s random number routines produce pseudo random numbers using combinations of a BitGenerator to create sequences and a Generator to use those sequences to sample from different statistical distributions.
Using the NumPy random.seed() function
Recall that the random.rand(n) function generates an array of the n random samples from a uniform distribution over $[0, 1)$. In the following code, we use random.rand(3) to generate an array of 3 random numbers twice.
1import numpy as np
2print(np.random.rand(3))
3print(np.random.rand(3))
[0.70814782 0.29090474 0.51082761]
[0.89294695 0.89629309 0.12558531]
We see that the two separate calls to the random.rand(3) function lead to two completely different random arrays. If there is a need to reproduce the same results everytime you call the random function, we can set a seed in the random.seed() function.
1np.random.seed(3)
2print(np.random.rand(3))
3
4np.random.seed(3)
5print(np.random.rand(3))
[0.5507979 0.70814782 0.29090474]
[0.5507979 0.70814782 0.29090474]
We see that the 2 arrays generated are identical. Setting a certain seed means that the random generator will produce numbers from a deterministic sequence, which means that subsequent random calls (after the pseudorandom number generator is initialized with a seed) will produce the same results.
Note: To generate the same random array with each call to a random function, we need to precede the call by an initialization with the same seed each time.
Let’s take a look at the following:
1np.random.seed(4)
2print(np.random.rand(3))
3print(np.random.rand(3))
4print(np.random.rand(3))
[0.96702984 0.54723225 0.97268436]
[0.71481599 0.69772882 0.2160895 ]
[0.97627445 0.00623026 0.25298236]
1np.random.seed(4)
2print(np.random.rand(3))
3print(np.random.rand(3))
4print(np.random.rand(3))
[0.96702984 0.54723225 0.97268436]
[0.71481599 0.69772882 0.2160895 ]
[0.97627445 0.00623026 0.25298236]
Note that the subsequent sequences of random arrays are the same after initializing with the same seed, though the arrays generated with each call are different. Providing a fixed seed assures that the same series of calls to functions in the numpy.random namespace will always produce the same results, which can be helpful in code testing.
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The problem with NumPy random.seed() function
The np.random.seed() function ensures that we can create reproducible results, which means that all random arrays generated (after initialization with the same seed) will be the same on any machine. However, there is a potential problem - the np.random.seed()function sets the seed to a global instance of the pseudorandom number generator.
This can potentially be a problem for projects which import other modules or packages which also call np.random.seed(), affecting all calls to the NumPy random functions. For instance, these imported modules could reset the global random seed to other values, leading to unexpected changes to computed results. Therefore, the preferred best practice for getting reproducible pseudorandom numbers is to instantiate a generator object with a seed and “pass it around”.
The preferred best practice for getting reproducible pseudorandom numbers is to instantiate a generator object with a seed and pass it around. The implicit global RandomState behind the numpy.random.* convenience functions can cause problems, especially when threads or other forms of concurrency are involved. Global state is always problematic. We categorically recommend avoiding using the convenience functions when reproducibility is involved.
NEP 19 — Random number generator policy by Robert Kern
Using the NumPy random.RandomState() function
To avoid impacting the global numpy state, we shall use the np.random.RandomState() function to replace the random.seed() function. The np.random.RandomState() function has the advantage that it does not change the global RandomState instance that underlies the functions in the numpy.random namespace.
1R = np.random.RandomState(32)
2print(R.rand(3))
3
4R = np.random.RandomState(32)
5print(R.rand(3))
[0.85888927 0.37271115 0.55512878]
[0.85888927 0.37271115 0.55512878]
We see that the 2 random arrays generated are identical. Also, note that after setting the variable R= np.random.RandomState(32), we only need to prefix the call to the rand() function by R. We can also combine the 2 statements into a single statement:
1np.random.RandomState(32).rand(3)
array([0.85888927, 0.37271115, 0.55512878])
Calling 3 times results in 3 identical random arrays.
1np.random.RandomState(32).rand(3)
2np.random.RandomState(32).rand(3)
3np.random.RandomState(32).rand(3)
array([0.85888927, 0.37271115, 0.55512878])
array([0.85888927, 0.37271115, 0.55512878])
array([0.85888927, 0.37271115, 0.55512878])
However, calling the following multiple times will not lead to the same array.
1R = np.random.RandomState(32)
2print(R.rand(3))
3print(R.rand(3))
4print(R.rand(3))
[0.85888927 0.37271115 0.55512878]
[0.95565655 0.7366696 0.81620514]
[0.10108656 0.92848807 0.60910917]
If you wish to generate the same random array with each call to a random function using np.random.RandomState() and yet do not wish to repeat the prefix with each call, you may write a simple function as follows:
1def rng(n): # n is the length of the random array
2 R = np.random.RandomState(12)
3 return R.rand(n)
4
5print(rng(4))
6print(rng(4))
7print(rng(4))
[0.15416284 0.7400497 0.26331502 0.53373939]
[0.15416284 0.7400497 0.26331502 0.53373939]
[0.15416284 0.7400497 0.26331502 0.53373939]
Conclusion
If you use the functions in the numpy.random namespace, you will not get consistent pseudorandom numbers because they are pulling from a different RandomState instance than the one you just created. Instead, initializing the PRNG with a certain seed using numpy.random.RandomState(seed) will return a new seeded RandomState instance but otherwise does not change anything else. Note that you have to use the returned RandomState instance everytime to get consistent pseudorandom numbers.
On the other hand, numpy.random.seed() resets the state of the existing global RandomState instance that underlies the functions in the numpy.random namespace. This may have undesirable and unexpected consequences on computed outputs and is to be avoided. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Your Vehicle: 2001 Ford Escort ZX2 L4-2.0L DOHC VIN 3
Vehicle » Engine, Cooling and Exhaust » Engine » Drive Belt » Adjustments
Adjustments
NOTE: The drive belt length inspection is done with the engine OFF.
1. The automatic drive belt tensioner is a spring-loaded device which sets and maintains the drive belt tension. The drive belt should not require tension adjustment for the life of the drive belt.
2. The automatic drive belt tensioner has a drive belt indicator mark. If the indicator mark is not between MIN and MAX, the drive belt is worn or an incorrect drive belt has been installed.
1. Locate the mark on the mounting plate of the drive belt tensioner. The indicator mark should be approximately between MIN and MAX.
1. Minimum belt length.
2. Maximum belt length indicator; install a new drive belt. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
0
I don't want VIM to automatically wrap text, so setting textwidth is not a solution to this problem.
This comment gives a useful outline, but I'm not really sure how to go about doing this. My first naive, sanity-check attempt is:
function FormatExpr()
normal gw
endfunction
set formatexpr=FormatExpr()
... Which I would expect to just invoke gw on a paragraph I select, but the text is left totally unchanged. In fact, it doesn't seem like any alterations I make to formatexpr have any affect on gq. :help formatexpr says:
Expression which is evaluated to format a range of lines for the |gq| operator or automatic formatting (see 'formatoptions'). When this option is empty 'formatprg' is used.
But doesn't give me an idea of what that expression is supposed to be. I've also tried, for example %s/foo/bar/g, to see if gq will replace all instances of "foo" with "bar", but that didn't work either.
Ideally, I would like something like this to work:
function FormatExpr()
let stored_textwidth = textwidth
set textwidth = 100
normal gq
set textwidth = stored_textwidth
endfunction
I suspect this is a trivial problem—but I'm pretty ignorant regarding things like formatexpr.
2 Answers 2
0
I suggest manipulating formatoptions and also use textwidth, like
:set fo-=t
:set tw=100
In this way, you wont get an automatic line break in insert mode even if you've typed a line longer than 100 chars. But manually wrapping lines via gq still works.
See :help fo-table. You may also use the l option for formatoptions, or naively :set fo=.
0
:help 'formatexpr' doesn't stop at:
Expression which is evaluated to format a range of lines for the |gq| operator or automatic formatting (see 'formatoptions'). When this option is empty 'formatprg' is used.
If you read it entirely, the key takeaways are:
• that v:lnum is the line where the area to format starts,
• that v:count is the number of lines to be formatted,
• that you must return 0 to prevent Vim from using its internal mechanism.
With that information, we can start experimenting:
function! FormatExpr()
execute v:lnum .. ',+' .. (v:count - 1) .. 'left'
return 0
endfunction
where we build a range for :help :left out of v:lnum and v:count. Supposing the area we want to format starts at line 4 and spans 10 lines, we should get the following:
:4,+9left
We must subtract 1 to v:count because it represents the total number of lines to be formatted, while we are interested in how many lines we must cover in addition to the first line.
This works as intended so let's go ahead with the function as you envisioned it:
function! FormatExpr()
let stored_textwidth = &l:textwidth
let &l:textwidth = 100
execute v:lnum .. ',+' .. (v:count - 1) .. 'normal gw'
let &l:textwidth = stored_textwidth
return 0
endfunction
which does… nothing.
The problem with this approach is that gw and gq are operators, that do nothing on their own. Since :normal gw does nothing, we would either need to:
• make a visual selection first, and then do gw,
• or do gw<motion>.
We will go with the latter because it seems simpler:
function! FormatExpr()
let stored_textwidth = &l:textwidth
let &l:textwidth = 100
execute 'normal ' .. v:lnum .. 'Ggw' .. (v:count - 1) .. 'j'
let &l:textwidth = stored_textwidth
return 0
endfunction
where we build a proper Ex command from the variables exposed by Vim. Supposing the same area as above, we should get the following:
:normal 4Ggw9j
• 4G moves the cursor to line 4,
• gw9j does gw on the current line and the 9 lines below.
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Wikipedia:WikiProject Spam/LinkReports/akdenizguide.net
Reporting statistics of link akdenizguide.net; 16 records.
* Link report - Eagle's Linksearch - Eagle's Spamsearch
Reports COIBot reported 16 links.
* 20:49:55, Tue May 01, 2007 en Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - calculated overlap Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net) - Mediterranean_Sea - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 20:47:39, Tue May 01, 2007 en Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - calculated overlap Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net) - Çıralı - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 20:44:38, Tue May 01, 2007 en Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - calculated overlap Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net) - Olympos - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 20:42:49, Tue May 01, 2007 en Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - calculated overlap Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net) - Çıralı - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 20:41:26, Tue May 01, 2007 en Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - calculated overlap Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net) - Side - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 20:40:26, Tue May 01, 2007 en Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - calculated overlap Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net) - Manavgat - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 20:38:57, Tue May 01, 2007 en Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - calculated overlap Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net) - Kemer - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 20:37:26, Tue May 01, 2007 en Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - calculated overlap Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net) - Kumluca - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 20:35:58, Tue May 01, 2007 en Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - calculated overlap Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net) - Antalya - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 10:15:16, Wed Apr 25, 2007 tr Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - ) - Kaş,_Antalya - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 10:13:55, Wed Apr 25, 2007 tr Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - ) - Alanya,_Antalya - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 10:13:35, Wed Apr 25, 2007 tr Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - ) - Kemer,_Antalya - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 10:07:47, Wed Apr 25, 2007 tr Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - ) - Burdur - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 10:05:37, Wed Apr 25, 2007 tr Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - ) - Isparta - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 10:04:31, Wed Apr 25, 2007 tr Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - ) - Adana - diff - COIBot UserReport.
* 10:03:43, Wed Apr 25, 2007 tr Akdenizg <-> akdenizguide.net (100%/53.33%/53.3% - ) - Antalya - diff - COIBot UserReport. | WIKI |
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Ingredient in Focus: Schisandra Fruit
English common name:
Magnolia berry
Other names:
Five-flavor-fruit
Scientific names:
Schisandra chinensis
What are the benefits of Schisandra fruit?
Schisandra fruit (Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.), known as the five-flavor fruit, has been used for energy, vitality, antioxidants, and wellness in our Energy tablets.
Schisandra is a berry eaten and used as medicine, being native to northern China. The name five flavor fruit is derived from the fact that this berry has five flavors: spicy, salty, sweet, bitter, and sour. Traditionally, it is said to be beneficial to "qi." It is placed into the class of adaptogens, which are molecules that aid the body in coping with stresses which may be physical, emotional, or environmental. The fruit contains substances such as lignans that help in improving liver function and boost energy and vitality. It also supports kidney and lung function.
Following are some of the potential benefits of Schisandra fruit berry:
Improves Stamina:
Schisandra fruit also helps in increasing your stamina which makes you feel energetic to do your daily activities.
Stress Relief:
The adaptogen property makes the berry useful because it helps the body resist stress and anxiety.
Stabilizes Blood Sugar:
Schisandra fruit is also effective in stabilizing blood sugar and is known to stimulate glycogen breakdown.
Beauty:
Regular use of Schisandra berries can help you achieve glowing skin and healthy hair. It has an astringent nature making the skin hold its moisture, reducing fine lines, and giving the skin a youthful appearance
Increases Sexual Energy:
The fruit also has aphrodisiac properties making it helpful to maintain sexual energy and functions.
Positive effect on the brain:
Studies found out that Schisandra berries positively affect the brain since they are neuroprotective. This fact can be helpful for patients with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinsonism. The compounds in the fruit also have antidepressant effects. It helps in endurance, coordination, concentration and reduces mental fatigue.
Supports the Liver:
Schisandra berries have antioxidant properties. This makes them helpful in protecting the liver against free radical-induced damage. Clinical trials in animals also showed that the berry reduces fatty acids in the liver that leads to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In Japanese traditional medicine, the fruit was a part of herbal formulations for treating Hepatitis C.
Reduces Menopausal Symptoms:
It has been shown that the berry reduces the symptoms of menopause in women, which include hot flushes, night sweats, and heart palpitations.
Lung Health:
The fruit's anti-inflammatory properties make its extract a standard component of supplements used to treat cough and asthma.
Consumption of Schisandra extract or fruit may cause indigestion and reduced appetite. It is not recommended in high doses for people with gastric problems.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. This blog does not replace professional health advice.
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The Minnesota State Plumbing Code exists to “regulate the design and installation of plumbing systems statewide for all buildings including new additions, alterations, repair, and replacement.”
The reason DIY plumbing is often frowned upon is due to local state plumbing codes. If your plumbing repairs or installation do not meet code, it can lead to fees and citations or even complicated repairs and damage down the road.
That’s why we’re going to build this compliance guide to help DIY and professional plumbers alike meet Minnesota Plumbing Code rules and regulations in 2022.
Professional plumber complying with minnesota plumbing code while completing Plumbing repair service.
Minnesota Plumbing Code Compliance Defined
The first step to meeting Minnesota Plumbing Code is understanding what it means to be code compliant. Minnesota State Plumbing code is a set of regulations that dictate how plumbing systems must be designed and installed in all types of buildings, new and old.
2020 Minnesota Plumbing Code states:
• It regulates the design and installation of plumbing systems statewide for all buildings including new structures, additions, alterations, repair, and replacement.
• It contains requirements for drain, waste, and vent systems, water supply and distribution systems, backflow prevention, water conditioning equipment, roof drainage systems, plumbing fixtures, materials, and nonpotable rainwater catchment systems.
Other states have different codes and regulations, and it is vital to refer to specific state plumbing codes before doing work in other states. Some standard codes might apply across all areas of the country or world, but to ensure compliance must be reviewed before doing any work—both new installations and older repairs.
plumber checking on minnesota plumbing code
What Happens When Plumbing Is Non-Compliant?
There can be consequences when you don’t meet your state’s plumbing code. Non-compliance could lead to:
• Fees and citations (especially for repeat offenders)
• Complicated or impossible repairs down the road
• Required to replace plumbing fixtures or do extensive rework
In some cases, the costs of a non-code compliant plumbing job can be so high that you could have just hired a professional to do the work for you in the first place.
plumber fixing pipe under sink; minnesota plumbing code
Here’s a list of common non-compliance plumbing:
Cutting Corners on Materials
There may be some things that an untrained plumber may think will work for materials because they fit—but this isn’t the case. For example, if you have copper or PVC pipes, you must use copper or PVC fittings. Using rubber fittings will almost guarantee you are not meeting code.
Also, never go cheap or cut corners to get something to fit. Buying the proper sizes and high-quality materials will make all the difference between working and not working plumbing, and compliance and non-compliance.
Improper Ventilation
Venting your pipes is a vital part of your home’s plumbing. Without proper ventilation, the sewage gasses can make their way into your pipes without proper ventilation, causing noxious fumes to seep up through drains and pipes.
flue gas vent on top of hot water heater; minnesota plumbing code
Using the Wrong Size Drainage Pipe
One of the most common plumbing violations is people installing pipes that are too small. For example, the drain for your bathroom sink is vastly different from the drain under the toilet or even your basement floor near the washing machine.
Different amounts of water flow through these drains and require different sizes of pipes to handle the amount of water that goes down the drain. So getting the properly sized drainage pipe is vital to meeting standard plumbing codes and avoiding any flooding in your home.
Incorrect Pipe Slope
Pipes that flow water from drains need to be slightly sloped to flow correctly and prevent sitting water or blockages. If you have a drain with more than 1″ of water standing in it, you need to either decrease the amount of water draining from your sink or increase the slope. A level slope or one that slopes upwards will not drain water properly and will result in a code violation.
Plumber fixing white sink pipe with adjustable wrench; minnesota plumbing code
Not Leaving the Proper Amounts of Space
There are frequent rules regarding the space surrounding the toilet or other appliances, which may be found in codes. If you can’t fit a toilet between the tub and a cabinet without enough room, you’re not going to be successful. This might differ dramatically depending on the structure and whether it’s commercial or residential, but ensuring what your clearance details are within your state code is essential to remaining compliant.
Missing or Improper Release & Shut-Off Valves
Depending on your state’s plumbing code, shut-off valves are required every few feet. If you’re missing a shut-off valve, you could have to turn off your water completely at the source when making repairs. A missing shut-off valve can also be a serious safety hazard in the event of a plumbing emergency.
Shut-off valves must also be appropriately labeled so that anyone who needs to work on the plumbing system knows which valve turns off which part of the plumbing system. The same goes for release valves on appliances such as your hot water heater.
What Are Some Standard Plumbing Codes Everyone Should Know?
Tackling any plumbing project requires some knowledge of standard codes across most plumbing tasks. These codes ensure the safe, secure installation of pipes, appliances, or other plumbing apparatuses. But they mainly apply to most bathroom or kitchen plumbing systems.
Using Plumber-Approved Clamps
When you install pipes, you must secure those pipes using plumber-approved clamps. These clamps or straps are generally made of plastic, copper, or steel and can fit the size of the pipe. Minnesota Plumbing Code states that copper pipes must be supported every 6 feet, steel pipe every 12 feet, and PVC every 4 feet. Failing to support your pipes in this way can cause leaks, damage, or applicable fines due to code violations.
Close up of bearded young man in safety helmet screwing clamp on heating pipe with screwdriver; minnesota plumbing code
Guiding Pipes Through Joists in the Basement
When you’re installing pipes in your basement ceiling, chances are you’ll be working with joists and boards throughout the area. It’s vital to drill boreholes in your wooden studs, which can both uphold the wood’s integrity and secure your pipes, so you don’t need to use clamps or straps to secure them.
Prime Your PVC Pipes
PVC pipes are an incredibly common pipe to use in home plumbing systems, but they also have a few requirements to ensure a tight seal. One of those is using purple primer when connecting two PVC pipes. The thing with PVC piping is you have to glue them together, but gluing without primer leaves you at risk of loose seals or breaking the seal down the road. The primer will cement them in place and create a second level of protection essential to upholding the integrity of the connection.
Replacing Old Valves
When repairing or replacing plumbing fixtures, it’s important to always replace the old valves with new ones. This is because the old valves will have been subjected to corrosion and other wear and tear, which could lead to a future failure. Replacing valves is an easy way to ensure that your fixture will last for years without any problems.
Installing Enough Shut-Off Valves
Shut-off valves are an essential part of any plumbing system, and they should be installed every few feet. If you’re missing a shut-off valve, you’ll have to turn off your water completely at the source when making repairs. Shut-off valves must also be properly labeled.
Male hand turning blue valve on copper pipe; minnesota plumbing code
Installing Accessible Panels
Complex plumbing systems such as the ones that are behind your bathtub or shower might have a shut-off valve installed close to the fixtures. In this case, the valve likely sits behind a wall or hard-to-reach area. Thus, an access panel is key to gaining access to this plumbing when needed. The last thing you want to have to do is tear into the wall to make any emergency repairs on these areas when the time comes.
Using the Properly Sized Fittings
When working with plumbing, it’s important to use fittings that are the correct size for the pipe. This is because using a fitting that is too big or too small can lead to leaks and other problems down the road. Fitting sizes are generally standardized, so finding the right one is usually as simple as matching the diameter of the pipe with the fitting.
Is There Any New Minnesota Plumbing Code?
There have been a few amendments to the Minnesota Plumbing Code that will be effective December 2021. The details can be found here.
Other Minnesota Plumbing Codes can be found on the Department of Labor and Industry website. They will always list the most current codes and regulations and also provide a place to apply for the proper permits.
If you are stuck during a plumbing project and need to find information fast, their FAQ page can often give you the exact answers you’re looking for.
The Importance of Meeting Code and Hiring a Reputable Contractor
When it comes to DIY plumbing, reading through your state’s plumbing codes is an essential part of the task. The last thing you want to do is find yourself in deep water (figuratively or literally) and be unsure of what to do next.
The biggest failure with DIY plumbing is that homeowners don’t know the proper codes as well as a licensed plumber, and thus end up hiring one anyways. This is an issue because sometimes the damage has already been done, and the homeowners are without water for longer than anticipated. They also end up paying more money out of pocket than anticipated.
Young master of household maintenance service consulting one of clients while explaining how to use system of water filtration; minnesota plumbing code
So the important thing is to 1) know your limits, 2) read your state codes and regulations, or 3) hire a reputable plumber. Luckily, Paladin Plumbing has the team you need to take on any sized plumbing project you have.
Contact Paladin Plumbing For Your FREE Estimate!
Our licensed team of professionals is well-versed in Minnesota plumbing codes and has the materials, knowledge, and training to get everything to code and run properly. So call us today to get the job done right. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Rename-Drive : Renaming Drives with PowerShell & WMI
Rename-Drive : Renaming Drives with PowerShell & WMI
• Comments 4
Shane Burton from Compellent just asked me to help him rename a drive with PowerShell. It's possible to rename drives using a couple of different WMI classes, Win32_Volume, and Win32_LogicalDisk. You change the drive by setting a property name on the WMI Object (Label in Win32_Volume, and VolumeName in Win32_LogicalDisk), and then putting it back in the WMI repository with the Put() method. @", @" WMI and PowerShell can do a lot of cool things together. If you want a quick way to search what you can do with WMI in PowerShell, check out an earlier blog post of mine: Get-WmiHelp / Search-WMIHelp.
Here's my Rename-Drive function:
Rename-Drive
Synopsis:
Renames a drive with WMI
Syntax:
Rename-Drive [[-deviceID] [<Object>]] [[-name] [<Object>]] [<CommonParameters>]
Detailed Description:
Uses the Win32_LogicalDisk class to rename a drive using WMI. Must be running as administrator to use
Examples:
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 1 --------------------------
# Sets the name of C: to FooBar
Rename-Drive C: FooBar
-------------------------- EXAMPLE 2 --------------------------
# Resets the name of C:
Rename-Drive C:
Here's Rename-Drive:
function Rename-Drive {
#.Synopsis
# Renames a drive with WMI
#.Description
# Uses the Win32_LogicalDisk class to rename a drive using WMI. Must be running as administrator to use
#.Example
# # Sets the name of C: to FooBar
# Rename-Drive C: FooBar
#.Example
# # Resets the name of C:
# Rename-Drive C:
param($deviceID = "C:", $name)
$drive = Get-WmiObject "Win32_LogicalDisk WHERE DeviceID='$deviceID'"
if (-not $drive) { return }
$drive.VolumeName = $name
$null = $drive.Put()
}
Automatically generated with Write-CommandBlogPost
Leave a Comment
• Please add 1 and 6 and type the answer here:
• Post
• Am I confused, or this do the same as the label command from cmd?
• So with this you can rename the system drive?
That will change all the system variables and registry entries to make the system able to boot and work from a different drive name?
• I have create a powershell script that basically copies files from a server share to the desktop. When I run the script as the logged on user I get access denied messages. I would like to run this script on the desktop as an admin equivelent thru a login script. If the user is an admin on the machine it works fine, but I dont want normal users to be admins. My email is jmccarthy@usipackaging.com. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
• What would be the command to make this function available to execute like Get-Process?
Page 1 of 1 (4 items) | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Posts Tagged with java
2
papihack?!
Oh no, papihack!
Oh no, papihack!
So haven’t been around for a while, due to the flu. So it gave me plenty of time to play PapiJump and PapiRiver. Though I kind of got interested in the method of high scores so I took a more indepth look at it. I’ll posted all the code to emulator a papi* score submit. I took out the little tidbit that actually sends the request, so this just prints to the screen. I’ve also removed the “secret keys” which wouldn’t be too hard to find if your really wanted to use this.
Ah, also – kudos to anyone who figures out what I replaced the keys with. It’s sort of a little joke…
On a little after thought, maybe it should be called papipwn? Eh – oh well, either way it will be easily bannable/removable by the administrators. It’s not hard as they are linked to your specific android id so I wouldn’t recommend using this or if you do, going over board with it.
3
Dexdump alternatives…
Thanks to my friend Gabor, over at http://mylifewithandroid.blogspot.com/ has created a really well done dex file dissembler. The direct link for the post is here and the source code is all free and located at dedexer.sourceforge.net.
It’s nice as it outputs the format in jasmin like the following;
Opposed to the normal;
Great work Gabor, and keep up the good work!
5
Vending.apk reversing and getting live market data…
Mmmmm... Market Data...
Mmmmm... Market Data...
So I’m not sure why I didn’t think to try to get live market data? For some reason I just *figured* it would be done with SSL or something so I just didn’t try it. Long story short, after building a market-cache parser – I realized, DOH! You can just get the market data live using certain requests! Luckily the parser I made worked fine with the data that I was getting sent back.
It took a little reversing of Vending.apk to see exactly what type of encoding was being used – I sort of guessed right just by looking at what the phone was sending via a Cain&Abel and Wireshark dump. Though google just happened to have some data in there that would through errors if you tried decoding the data directly or certain ways.
I’ll post come up some of the reversing I did on Vending.apk – more specifically the .buildPostParameters routine which is where everything was created for post. It’s actually pretty interesting stuff, and it helped find some routines online that google has publicly available through apache… Though I didn’t find them in the Android libraries :) (nice of them, no? haha)
Anyway, tournament tomorrow followed by a snowboarding trip tomorrow – so I’ll probably post that data on monday!
1
DroidASM: The Concept
Ok – so lately I’ve been tooling around with a few different ideas. As a practical use to my injection ideas and to incorporate my love of asm, well – combine the two! This would result in essentially a dex byte-code translator that could then run on the AndroidOS. The main idea behind it would be to code up a basic structured java file that contains all the higher level functions you would need. Toast, web stuff, etc could all be considered “higher level” functions. Then the main part of the code would be asm that is translated into dex bytecode by DroidASM and injected into the premade dex file.
Ok, so no I don’t think a huge number of people would use it, but heck – it’d be a nice little tool and a good practice at coding. Just dumping this idea into the blog as of right now, since I only have bits and pieces of code that don’t make a whole lot of sense, so it would be useless to post them right now. More to come though, for sure.
9
Uniquely Identifying Android Devices with special permissions
Previously I wrote about how to uniquely identify Android devices without special permissions. However, maybe you want to get into the nitty-gritty and get an even more unique identifier for the device. This can be done, but you need special permissions. Essentially what I mean by “special permissions” is that the user will be prompted when installing that “this application tries to do this”. “This” referring to (in this specific case) Reading Phone State. This doesn’t mean it’s doing anything bad, however users might be turned off if your calculator wants to read the phones state etc. This is just how Google has set up the installation of applications, so that a user is properly notified of what an application is given permission to do.
What are the kind of identifiers we can get with this special permission? We can grade the “Device ID” which is the IMEI number, the phone number, Software Version (not sure if it’s currently being used?), Sim Serial Number and Subscriber ID.
That should be enough unique identifiers for anyone to come up with some hash! Heck, phone number alone should be enough since it would be readily known by a customer and easy to use.
To get these values add the following somewhere in your program;
Note that you MUST add permission access to android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE otherwise your program will force close. This is added in the AndroidManifest.xml like the following;
On the emulator it will output things like the following;
DeviceId(IMEI) = 000000000000000
DeviceSoftwareVersion = null
Line1Number = 15555218135
SimSerialNumber = 89014103211118510720
SubscriberId(IMSI) = 310995000000000
One should also note that a real device currently returns “00″ for Device Software Version, so it’s possible that this is something reserved for future use. These could all easily be used in some type of registration algorithm that you want to tie to a certain device. Also if you choose your identifiers properly you could allow your registration code to be complaint across all versions of your product. Using a phone number for example could allow a user to use your application on any phone they put their SIM card into. If you want to prevent this you could tie it to both the device ID and the phone number.
10
Uniquely Identifying Android Devices without special permissions.
Something that you always come across in writing algorithms for devices that you want to lock down is getting a grasp of the actual device it is intended to be on. Sometimes programmers want to lock a registration code not only to a name for registration, but also to a device. This can cut down on “sharing” of serial numbers etc. I was doing some research and looking for device specific information when I stumbled upon a few things. They are right out there in the open, but here they are just in case you have not seen them yet.
In Android.Provider.Settings.System we have some interesting values that could be of use, one specifically is “Android_ID”. From the documentation it is the following;
String ANDROID_ID The Android ID (a unique 64-bit value) as a hex string. “android_id”
Though while this is considered a “unique key”, please keep in mind that if a program has write access to the Settings, which is possible, this could be changed easily. Though it could be a safe assuming that it should not be changed, and upon normal program usage it wouldn’t be changed. Anyway, to retrieve this ID you just use the following snip-it of code;
Also, note that in an emulator this will return “null”, though a real device will return an actual value. The nice thing about this tid-bit of code is that you are not required any special permissions to call it, since it’s essentially a passive call to get information. No write access is (obviously) required.
2
Dex File Header Dump
I’ve been working on the header a little more – so I figured I’d post some code I just finished throwing together quickly. It’s not all the code, since most of it is experimental and I’m not finished doing it, but this will provide people with the information on how to dump the dex file header information.
This now dumps all the header information from the original file, and will recalculate the signature and checksum in case something has changed. A version should be available shortly to check for differences in all the values, hopefully soon being able to calculate the correct values if something is wrong.
Maybe this will be useful for someone? Otherwise, oh well it’s just here in case I delete my files. Working on functions to find the new values after patching and to allow patching/injection of code. I’ll have to write up more later as I don’t have an overwhelming amount of time right now, busy day and I’m exhausted. Saw Sara play some volleyball, finished up solo campaign in COD5, spent a few hours reading and researching some dex related things and trying to get some more injection to work. Tomorrow I probably won’t have time to post – but trust me, this stuff will be up sooner or later. It’s a big puzzle I’m chipping away at, and it’s bugging the heck out of me not having the answers.
5
DEX File signature and checksums
DEX files, which are the compiled bytecode files that run on the Android OS. Essentially they are like the java bytecode, except they use a modified VM which is called “Dalvik” that was developed for the Android OS.
So long story short – I want to know the structure of these files, and how to edit or patch them. Why? I enjoy reverse engineering things! Anyway there is a wealth of information that I could find on the following sites;
Shane Isbell’s Weblog : http://www.jroller.com/random7/entry/android_s_dex_class_structure
RetroCode, Dex File Formate : http://www.retrodev.com/android/dexformat.html
These site both have great information, thoughmore so on the second link. What intrigued me was that they must have a ‘checksum’ and a ‘SHA-1′ signature. The best information I could find though only eluded to this (Retrocode);
[quote]Notes: All non-string fields are stored in little-endian format. It would appear that the checksum and signature fields are assumed to be zero when calculating the checksum and signature.[/quote]
Well that doesn’t really help me if I’d like to patch a DEX file and then redo the signature and checksum. Especially since we don’t know what exactly is being used to calculate either or what checksum is being used to well, calculate the checksum!
Good thing we can extract .jar files and decompile class files, even more so thank goodness google hasn’t used obstufication on any of the classes. An except from “dx\com\android\dx\dex\file\DexFile.class” after being decompiled into DexFile.jar.
Ah hah! Now we know how to calculate the signature and the checksum. Essentially is reads in all the bytes of the program, and it disreguards the first 32 bytes and calculates the signature using SHA-1. Then it calculates the checksum disreguarding the first 12 bytes (so it includes the signature). Excellent, lets drop this code into our own program so we can recalculate those values;
Excellent, now I can easily recalculate the signature and the checksum of the dex files. Note that the checksum is actually in little-endian so you need to reverse it when entering it in a hex editor.
So, now the Android OS will allow you to install this dex file, after signing it in the correct package (apk). Though as of right now the program still crashes upon launching the file… Hhhmmmmm we’ll have to look into this more I guess.
1 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Joß Fritz
Joss Fritz (c. 1470 – c. 1525) was a notable German insurgent, born as a serf in Untergrombach, Bruchsal. His full name was Joseph Fritz.
In 1512, Fritz emerged as a leader in a progressive series of rebellions aimed at liberating peasants from local feudal and ecclesiastical rule. These uprisings were initially sparked by Hans Boheim in 1476, with further revolts in 1493 and 1501. Fritz was described as "a soldier of commanding presence and great natural eloquence, used to battle and above all to patience. He was one of those who had escaped being quartered. His banner was blue silk with a white cross, and underneath the motto, 'O Lord, help the righteous.' Fritz was the William Tell of his times. No wonder his name is a favorite one among the Germans."
Fritz was active in the Upper Rhine area, orchestrating at least three major Bundschuh revolts in 1502, 1512, and 1519. Despite his efforts, these insurrections were quelled before they could fully manifest, primarily due to betrayals by his fellow conspirators. | WIKI |
MORNING BID-No fears on Friday the 13th
A look at the day ahead in European and global markets from Anshuman Daga
Is there anything spooky about Friday the 13th?
Well, certainly not for global equity investors as they cheered U.S. inflation data that showed the Fed's aggressive rate increases are having the desired effect.
Asian stock markets advanced to hit another seven-month high and were headed for a third consecutive session of gains, while the yen also rose to multi-month highs.
European equities, perched at nine-month highs, are poised to open on a strong footing on Friday.
On the corporate front, Vodafone Group VOD.L, which is looking for a new CEO, plans to shed several hundred jobs, most of which are located at its London headquarters, to rein in costs, the Financial Times reported.
British shoppers splurged at Christmas, piling their trolleys with party food, drink and clothing as they enjoyed the first holiday season free of COVID worries for three years, but retailers are bracing for a tougher 2023.
Meanwhile, the IMF is holding on to its growth outlook.
The head of the global lender said the IMF is not likely to cut its forecast for 2.7% growth in 2023, noting that a feared oil price spike had failed to materialise and labour markets remained strong.
Fed policymakers expressed relief that inflation continued easing in December and signalled that a rate-hike slowdown was coming.
In Asia, the big movement was of Japanese government bond yields breaching the central bank's new ceiling in the market's most direct challenge yet to decades of uber-easy monetary policy.
Friday is a big day for U.S. earnings. Four American banking giants are forecast to report lower quarterly profits as lenders stockpile rainy-day funds to prepare for an economic slowdown that is battering investment banking.
Key developments that could influence markets on Friday: Economic data: UK Nov GDP, France, Spain Dec CPI (final), Euro zone Nov industrial production
U.S. economic data: University of Michigan sentiment survey Jan
U.S. results: Bank of America, Citigroup, JPMorgan, Wells Fargo, BlackRock and Delta Air Lines
Fed speakers: Minneapolis Fed President Neel Kashkari and Philadelphia Fed President Patrick Harker
Big U.S. banks' profits expected to plunge in Q4https://tmsnrt.rs/3GtOKGh
(Reporting by Anshuman Daga; Editing by Christian Schmollinger)
((anshuman.daga@tr.com;))
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Mother of victim in Florida shooting pleads with Trump: 'Please do something' | TheHill
Mother of victim: "President Trump, please do something." https://t.co/F5Agisb8Nx The mother of a victim in the Florida school shooting pleaded with President TrumpDonald John TrumpTrump pushes back on recent polling data, says internal numbers are 'strongest we've had so far' Illinois state lawmaker apologizes for photos depicting mock assassination of Trump Scaramucci assembling team of former Cabinet members to speak out against Trump MORE to take action to prevent another shooting from happening. "How do we allow a gunman to come into our children's school? How do they get through security?" she asked on CNN. Lori Alhadeff — whose daughter Alyssa was killed Wednesday when a gunman opened fire at a South Florida high school — questioned what security there is at the school. "A gunman, a crazy person just walks right into the school, knocks down the window of my child's door and starts shooting, shooting her and killing her," she said. "President Trump, you say what can you do. You can stop the guns from getting into these children's hands." She said Trump can do a lot to prevent tragedies like these from happening, suggesting that metal detectors could be put at entrances to the school. "This is not fair to our families," she said. "President Trump, please do something. Do something, action," she said. "We need it now. These kids need safety now." At least 17 people were killed and more were wounded when a gunman opened fire at a school in Florida on Wednesday. Multiple lawmakers have called for Congress to take action in the wake of the tragedy. Trump on Thursday addressed the nation, saying he plans to visit the Florida high school where the shooting took place. The president also said he would "tackle the difficult issue of mental health," but did not weigh in directly on the contentious debate over gun control. He also vowed his administration will seek to address safety issues in schools. View the discussion thread. The Hill 1625 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington DC 20006 | 202-628-8500 tel | 202-628-8503 fax The contents of this site are ©2019 Capitol Hill Publishing Corp., a subsidiary of News Communications, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Vulpes zerda
The fennec fox is the smallest of all the wild canids. They show the typical features associated with a desert species. The coat is a pale cream overall, often with darker coloration, ranging from fawn to gray on the sides of the body, and a more solid line running along the spine. The head and body length is from 9 to 16 inches, and weight from 1 to 3 pounds. The large ears of the fennec fox, which help it to hear effectively and assist with thermal regulation, can measure up to 6 inches in length. The teeth are relatively small, with the canines in particular being reduced in size. They will drink at water holes in the desert, but also appear well adapted to survive with a minimum intake of fluid. Their kidneys restrict water loss from the body, limiting urine production. Their thick undercoat provides insulation during the cold desert nights, while the pale coat helps reflect the heat, as well as serving as camouflage. The soles of their feet are covered in hair, so the pads are invisible. This insulates against the hot desert sand, and also aids in running over loose sand without losing grip.
Fennec foxes occupy a permanent den, which they dig themselves. They appear to be relatively social, living in family groups, although the core structure is the breeding pair. They are able to jump distances of 4 feet or more. They bark like a small dog, but also make a purring sound like a domestic cat. The female fennec can produce two litters in a year. If the first litter is lost, she is likely to give birth again between 2-1/2 and 3 months later. Females become quite aggressive when they have a litter, vigorously defending their den. The male fox does not cross the threshold, but provides food for the group.
Fennec foxes have long been hunted in various parts of their range, although they pose no threat to humans or livestock. In some areas it appears that they may have declined in numbers as a consequence of this hunting. They are listed in Appendix 2 of CITES. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Humanities/2009 May 4
= May 4 =
University Suicide
I want to raise awareness about the causes of suicides in university. I don't want to write a letter to an editor to the newspaper (although I would be happy to do so, if someone would help me) (as in if the letter was an open one where the editor publishes it in the newpaper). What can I do?<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:07, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* No disrespect, but if you need help with writing a letter to an editor at a newspaper, perhaps you aren't quite ready to undertake a project like this by yourself. You might want to contact a local organization that works to prevent suicides and see if they need volunteers, or make a donation to them. -- Captain Disdain (talk) 01:31, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* I'd be happy to start a blog or something like that.<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 02:12, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Then start one. Do what you want to do. Saying that you will be happy to do it is one thing. Actually performing the action is another. -- k a i n a w ™ 03:05, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Well, good news: a blog's really easy to set up. Check out Blogspot or WordPress.com, for example. Good luck! -- Captain Disdain (talk) 05:00, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Is a blog the best way to go about spreading awareness and a soapbox for university suffering and suicide and causes of university suicide?<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:26, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* That mostly depends on how good a writer you are, I suppose. Seriously, though: what do you want to say about the topic? Who do you want to say it to? It seems to me that you think it's important, which is fair enough, but you don't really know what to do about it. I again recommend you contact a suicide prevention group in your area and talk to then. Chances are that they can tell you how you can help. -- Captain Disdain (talk) 07:04, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
Infinite Perception
Me and my friends were talking the other day and we came to the realization that what we, as human, perceive right now is not truly reality, in the sense that our brains filter out information and that our senses are not capable of perceiving certain sensations. For example, when we walk our dogs outside, they're always sniffing around, smelling things that we cannot sense. We then tried to understand what it would be like if we could obtain infinite perception, what would the universe be like? —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 03:25, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* See the Omniscience article. Tempshill (talk) 04:14, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* You may be interested in reading the philosphy of various thinkers including the Phenomenalism of David Hume, which holds that reality is ONLY what we perceive, and it makes no sense to think of reality outside of perception. Another important school of thought is that of Phenomenology by Edmund Husserl which is a more pragmatic view of the relationship between perception and reality. Both represnet opposing viewpoints in the school of thought known as Positivism which maintains that all knowledge derives from experience. There are VOLUMES of philosophy texts written on the relationship between senses, perception, and reality. --Jayron32. talk . contribs 04:19, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* There's also the completely opposite philosophy that reality is one thing, and our perception of reality is another thing. Which is supported by the fact that one person's perception of an event can be very different from another's. Even if they were identical, that still wouldn't mean that they have truly accessed "reality". All we know about "reality" is what we can perceive or intuit about it, and that's the best we have to work with. -- JackofOz (talk) 05:49, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Voltaire wrote a funny little "science fiction" short story Micromegas on this subject... AnonMoos (talk) 14:07, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
On a more practical note, and not entirely related to the OPs question, I would like to point out that it would make you insane. Those with "heightened awareness", shall we call it, can be driven to distraction by the enormity of information that they take in. This is not dissimilar to idiot-savants and some extreme forms of autism. Our filtering of the universe happens for extremely good reason; our brains are simply not capable of processing the information and still retaining much in the way of thought or emotional intelligence. In some science fiction, I think that some extraterrestrial beings are bestowed with greater abilities in this area than humans are, because it's been recognised for years as one of our primary limitations. On another note, and even more removed from the OPs post, you notice a lot more of the physical universe than you think you do. The subconscious is a trap for a lot of perception that our conscious minds filter even further. This is part of the reason why hypnotism is used to try and extract information from people, often information that they are not even aware of knowing. For example, a witness to a crime may not remember what the assailant looked like or what he was wearing, but these details may very well be stored in the unconscious mind. You might not be able to smell the things your dog smells, but if you could, a lot of it would probably be lost somewhere in your unconscious mind as extraneous detail. Mae din \talk 13:44, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
Ok, I see what you guys are talking about. But I was going off the base that we COULD perceive everything and it wouldn't be a problem. I think it would go beyond the sense of smell and everything, it would have to do with perceiving all quantum particles and they systems they create. My friends and I thought that it would appear just a point, centered at your position of perception. Your thoughts? —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 14:28, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* That what would appear just a point? What is the question? Tempshill (talk) 15:42, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* The point appears to be to continue the chat. // BL \\ (talk) 22:35, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
As Psychology suggests, our perception of the world is unique to each individual, and is the sum of all our past experiences. Some people see better than others, some hear, smell or feel better than others. All of us have past experiences which affect the way we see ourselves and the world in which we live. If we all had the ability to know everything the world would appear as a finite set of challanges, all of which have been met before, just waiting for death. Our unique perspective on life in the world is what generates our drive to succeed, evolve and ultimately to do many of the fantastic things we do. Personally, i don't think my experience could be enhanced by being able to smell piss on a lamp post, but if it troubles you then go for it. russ (talk) 00:44, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
What I'm asking goes beyond human senses. Take a look at the light spectrum, you can see that the human eye can only perceive a very small portion of what it actually out there. My question is what would the world look like to a conscience being that has no limits to his perception. What would the world look like if he could perceive everything that there was to perceive in the universe: atoms, galaxies, radio waves, chemical reactions... and time especially? I'll try to redefine the "point" I was talking about. The only conclusion that we (my friends and I) could come up with, the solution to what the universe would look like if a conscience being had infinite perception, was that everything would be a point, because it would be both infinitely small and infinitely large at the same time. But we are unsure about this theory, so I was wondering what the internet would have to say about it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 02:46, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* I thought that it would appear just a point. Perhaps missing the point, so to speak, but there is an old Zen koan about the entire universe being One Bright Pearl. Dōgen, a Zen master and philosopher wrote about it as well. The main line is "The entire world of the ten directions is one bright pearl". The "ten directions" bit supposedly indicates that this is the totality of reality being discussed--all that is with nothing outside it. One bright pearl? Pfly (talk) 07:36, 6 May 2009 (UTC)
Mainstream bibles around the world
In the English-speaking world, KJV is the most-widely used translation of the Bible. What are the most widely used versions of the Bible of other languages? How old and linguistically-outdated are they? -- Toytoy (talk) 11:41, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Which languages? Does Bible translations by language help? (Some of the language entries are sub-pages.) Tempshill (talk) 13:54, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* The KJV is the standard "classical" Bible translation into the English language, but I would question whether it's the most widely-used at this point... AnonMoos (talk) 14:11, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Close, it seems, but not quite. this page lists the New International Version as the most popular, with the New King James Version second and King James Version third. I don't know if KJV and NKJV combined would outsell the NIV. DJ Clayworth (talk) 15:35, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Of course, the word 'used' opens up a whole 'nother barrel of monkeys. I would expect that the KJV would be more commonly given say as a baptism or wedding present than other versions but rarely used while the NIV is more likely to be actually read. Now finding statistics on that would be a real challenge. Rmhermen (talk) 15:41, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* In my experience the NIV is the most used version in Protestant Churches in the U.S. My pastor intentionally will read from a variety of translations, but the pew bibles in the church are NIV. And, of course, the sales numbers quoted above make it clear that the NIV is the top selling bible. On a personal note, I find the language in the NIV more accessable than even the New King James version, which may go some to explaining its popularity. --Jayron32. talk . contribs 20:53, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* I suspect that the KJV is most often quoted, because it is public domain, while NIV and other modern translations are still subject to copyright. Steewi (talk) 03:28, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
Luther's Bible had a significant impact on the German language and I think (but am not 100% sure) that many other Germanic early modern bibles were translated into their respective languages from Luther's translation. Greenshed (talk) 18:50, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* Greenshed is correct about the Luther Bible being important for German. Other languages have similar versions that are important for their language. Dutch speakers have the Statenvertaling, Chinese speakers have the Chinese Union Version, and Spanish speakers have the Reina-Valera. As for other comments in this thread. I would dispute the NIV is the most used English version in US Protestant churches. In my experience the KJV seems to be the most used (this is based on going to Baptist churches in the South). The NIV seems to be used the most in military chapels. Steewi is incorrect in stating that the KJV is PD. In England, it isn't. I know a guy who wrote Cambridge asking for permission to use the KJV in his Bible program for the iPhone App Store. For more details on how this works, see the KJV article. - Thanks, Hoshie 03:52, 9 May 2009 (UTC)
Proto-Helladic period
What is the difference between proto-Helladic and Early Helladic? In the Helladic period article it says Early Helladic II is 2500-2300 BC. However in this article it is indicating the second Proto-Helladic period is 2700-2200 BC. I am trying to get this accurate for the Dokos shipwreck article, which has cargo evidence of about 2200 BC.--Doug Coldwell talk 11:48, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Suggestion: post this query on the discussion page for the Helladic period article, then post a head's up on the two WikiProject pages (WikiProject Greece and WikiProject Archaeology) mentioned there, with a link to your query. This is a great way to alert editors knowledgeable in this field, and also directly documents the query and responses where they'll be most pertinent, i.e. rather than the Ref Desk archives. (I do this often with highly specific queries in geography :-) -- Deborahjay (talk) 16:23, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Thanks, sounds logical. Great idea, did as you suggested. They will have better knowledge on that. We'll see what happens now.--Doug Coldwell talk 16:57, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
world heritage sites
Why no new objects from the US have been inscribed on the world heritage list since 1995? Is it becaause of some beef between the US and the UNESCO? Why do they keep inscribing on the list such sleepy rural places as Sabbioneta? Would they like to attract more tourists to Europe? Your article doesn't offer any clue. --<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 12:08, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Sabbioneta was founded in the late 16th century, at that time there were just a handful of European settlements in North America. It is natural that there will be more heritage sites in Europe than the US. (Of course, there were Native Americans around long before European colonisation but by my understanding (which, I'll admit, is rather limited in this area) they didn't have many permanent settlements or other things that would still be around today and worth making a world heritage site.) --Tango (talk) 14:24, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* World Heritage Sites can be natural sites, not only cultural ones (like Yellowstone and Yosemite, on the list). The U.S. already has more sites listed than any other country in the Americas, according to List of World Heritage Sites in the Americas. Given a quick scan it looks like Europe has more sites on the list than the rest of the world combined, which may say something about the politics of the listings (or desire to have sites listed). Rmhermen (talk) 15:38, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
Projects marred by human rights allegations?
What large projects/events/constructions have been 'marred' (cancelled, even) by allegations of human rights abuses? Beijing 2008, for example, comes to mind. The abuses could be of the workforce or others related to the project. Similar things, like bad health and safety leading to deaths, are also useful to know. Cheers for any help, LHMike (talk) 16:10, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* I think you will need to narrow your question, especially the definitions of "marred" and "human rights abuses", because if those two definitions are read broadly, an extremist's answer might be "every construction project in the industrialized world". Does "marred" extend to "a reporter has claimed someone is concerned"? Does "human rights abuses" extend to "earning five dollars a day"? These refinements of your question could make the answer meaningful. Tempshill (talk) 18:15, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Likewise, do you want cases where unfounded accusations caused the damage (i.e. there was no basis for the allegations, but they caused real damage anyways) or where there were real human rights abuses, and where the exposition of those abuses was met with real consequences in the form of sanctions? The tone of the question makes it hard to answer. --Jayron32. talk . contribs 20:48, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Beijing 2008 was not marred by "human rights" treatment of any workers or anyone involved with the project. You may remember (or not) that the "human rights issues" were all somehow grafted onto the event by some fairly sophisticated PR-manipulation. --PalaceGuard008 (Talk) 22:38, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Well, surely the event didn't exist in a vacuum, though. China has a pretty bad human rights situation. China hosted the Olympics. The latter is a kind of an obvious tool for protesting the former, and I think it'd be hard to say that there's no connection between the politics of the host country and the event the host country organizes and hosts. I mean, maybe the human rights of the people involved with the project weren't infringed upon, but considering that among other things, China actually banned Tibetans from working in Beijing during the olympics, which led to plenty of people being fired from their jobs, I'd say that it definitely had an impact. (Anyway, personally, I consider that particular issue both more interesting and important than figuring out which dude runs fastest.) -- Captain Disdain (talk) 06:58, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* That's not what the OP asked for, though. He asked for a major project derailed because of its human rights issues. For one, the Olympics was not derailed, and for two, if we are going to talk about Olympic games affected by extraneous political action, then almost every game fits that bill - Moscow, Los Angeles, Berlin ... Even the Sydney Olympics attracted masses of protesters passionate about, if I recall correctly, Aboriginal rights. --PalaceGuard008 (Talk) 10:12, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* Well, "marred" was the specific word he used, which doesn't mean that the project would have to be derailed or ruined, just made less perfect or attractive. Considering the amount of negatiev press generated by the whole thing, I think it's safe to say that the Beijing Olympics were marred to some degree by it. In any case, China definitely engaged in plenty of activities with a dubious impact on human rights directly because of the Olympics, as the Seattle Times article referenced below demonstrates. (The Human Rights and Censorship section of our article on Concerns and controversies over the 2008 Summer Olympics lists a number of other incidents that aren't exactly the sort that bring to mind liberty and an overall respect for human rights.) I don't think the same could be said of the Sydney Olympics, but I may be wrong -- and if I am, I don't think that would disprove my point. -- Captain Disdain (talk) 23:49, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* And I'd like to see a cite for Tibetans being fired during the Olympics for being Tibetan. It sounds like the kind of news stories that spreads because a foreign government policy is dressed up 100 times and sensationalised into a zippy headline. --PalaceGuard008 (Talk) 10:12, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* Sure -- as this Seattle Times article puts it, "The worst came last week, when police told Horne he had to get rid of two bartenders who are of Tibetan origin. Horne was told no Tibetans could work in Beijing during the Olympics; police apparently fear they might mount disturbances in sympathy with the widespread protests this spring against Chinese repression." Is that true? Well, could be that it isn't. More to the point, though, would that be in any way inconsistent with the Chinese government's treatment of Tibetans and its other actions during the Olympics? I think not. -- Captain Disdain (talk) 23:49, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* If you're looking for examples of projects built with human rights abuses, you could look at the large-scale use of forced labor in and after World War II, e.g. Forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union, Forced labor in Germany during World War II, Japanese war crimes. Even in the UK POWs were used in building projects such as the harbor of Scapa Flow, in contravention of international law.
* More recently, many dam projects seem accused of human rights abuses, either forced labor to build them or the removal of people from their homes before they are flooded. E.g. Irrawaddy dam in Burma, Merowe Dam in Sudan, Ilisu Dam in Turkey. --Maltelauridsbrigge (talk) 11:49, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
Fact checking, educational system
I took this from the NYT: "students can spend 40k or more per year to be herded into an auditorium for a lecture from some sage only to be actually taught by graduate students is a scandal that no K-12 institution could ever get away with." Is that possible? What institution charges 40k and do that? --<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 17:54, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* I would expect that at most research universities, some portion of the teaching is done by graduate students. I'm note sure if the quote is trying to say anything more than that, or not. It's definitely phrased in an inflammatory manner—I don't remember border collies or cattle prods being involved. -- Coneslayer (talk) 18:00, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Ah, a little fact checking helps so much. Googling a key phrase above took me to this blog. Notice that the sentence quoted above is not said to appear in the NYT article but in the comments to the NYT article. A little more searching took me to the article itself where the phrase doesn't occur.
* In other words your quote is not from the NYT but from someone commenting on the NYT. So you can treat it with exactly the amount of attention it deserves. DJ Clayworth (talk) 19:31, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Does that really happen in the US? Here in NZ, postgraduate students may teach in labs/tutorials/etc and may mark papers etc but they don't tend to be involved in lectures except as assistants. At least in the sciences. Nil Einne (talk) 20:11, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* I only recall a grad student giving 1 lecture when I was in school for engineering (2003-2008), and that was because they were filling in for a sick prof. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:14, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* There are two types of grad students: Masters students and PhD students. In many universities, the qualification to teach is a Masters degree. Therefore, it is not surprising to have a PhD student giving lectures. The student has met the requirements to teach, but is furthering his or her education. In my opinion, the complaint is from a student who failed to learn. Instead of accepting the blame, the student is attempting to blame the teacher. I get that often. Just this semester, a student turned in 4 out of 12 assignments and missed four full weeks of class. He said that it was my fault for not calling him and telling him that he needed to show up to class and do his homework. -- k a i n a w ™ 20:23, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* In NZ most lecturers have PhDs. This is I believe a requirement to be classified a lecturer in the university pay scale. I think I've heard of a few people without PhDs giving lectures in year 1 courses but they tend to be those who have a fair amount of experience teaching and are usually not postgraduate students and are I think usually primarily used when they couldn't find someone else. On the other hand a 400-600 student lecture is not uncommon in the first year so don't expect it to be very personally (although most lecturers would still be available for questions.) I agree with, it is amazing how many people will pay $40k (or whatever) and then not attend lectures etc, as well as how many students don't attend lectures etc and then are surprised when they fail. Nil Einne (talk) 20:31, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* The lectures in most universities in the U.S. are done by PhD. WHen I was in school, we had one class taught by a non-PhD, and he had two Masters degrees, one of which was in education. Otherwise, the standard practice is for the PhD professors to give the lectures. Graduate Students often staff the "Tutoring Center" or hold "Review Sessions" where people can go and ask questions and get help with their homework. The quote in the OP is probably refering to the fact that the person who stated it learned more from the grad students assisting the professor than from the lecture itself. That is unsurprising, as the sort of personal contact one gets from a grad student who is working in the Tutoring Center is far more than what one gets sitting in a lecture hall with 200 other students. Also, that situation usually only exists with entry level classes. My largest non-100 level class was probably 20 students. So, in General Psychology you are likely to sit in a lecture hall with 200 other students. But if you are taking an advanced psychology class, something expected of junior and senior level psychology majors, you are more likely to be in a small class of 20 or so students. Also unsurprising. Lets face it, what you are going to learn in Psych-101 or whatever the freshman level class is, you could easily teach yourself from the textbook. The real learning happens in the advanced classes, where the professor's unique expertise in the subject comes to bear. The sad fact is, as alluded to above, many people in U.S. colleges never make a serious commitment to their education, and so take "easy" majors without academic rigor, so ALL of their classes are taught in 200 person lectures. --Jayron32. talk . contribs 20:46, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* In the UK, it depends on the subject - most subjects these days are taught almost exclusively by people with PhDs (barring the occasional lecture where the regular lecturer can't make it due to illness or another engagement, and tutorials/supervisions/labs/etc. that are sometimes taken by postgraduate students). Some subjects do allow people without PhDs to teach, but they would be professional teachers, not students, usually with at least a Masters degree (and probably some kind of teaching qualification) - usually arts subjects more than science subjects, although my Uni's Computer Science dept includes quite a few lecturers without PhDs (it is, however, a rubbish department and will, as of next year, be merged into Engineering because it can't manage itself [they say it is because of low student numbers, but everyone knows the truth]). --Tango (talk) 23:15, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
I once taught a university lecture before I had any formal university degree at all (I hadn't graduated with my BS degree but it was nearly complete and I'd been allowed to start taking MS classes). The year after I again taught a lecture, this time armed with a formal BS degree. In both cases the reason was that the professor was absent. Now, the curious thing is that both those years the lecture was on the same topic - I wonder if it's a coincidence that the professor always happened to have other engagements when the time came to teach floating point arithmetic... Haukur (talk) 15:11, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* I wouldn't blame him... --Tango (talk) 15:46, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
when was oral sex invented?
when was oral sex invented? the article doesn't seem to say... <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:00, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Because it almost definitely happened multiple times and in multiple places long, long before we had any semblence of written records. Bonobos also practice oral sex as do other animals so it likely predates anything resembling modern humans. Nil Einne (talk) 20:05, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* oh. I thought no animals did, and humans didnt a long time ago. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 20:57, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* As a general rule of thumb, any statement that starts "Humans are the only animal that..." is almost certainly wrong. Numerous such ideas have been assumed to be correct only for someone to find an animal that does it too. People used to think only humans used tools, but that was proved wrong. Then they assumed only humans made tools, but that was proved wrong too. People have assumed various things about humans and language that have been proven wrong. Humans really only differ from the rest of the animal kingdom by degree - we have more complex language skills than any animal (that we know of, at least), but there is no simple cutoff point which humans achieve and other animals don't. Similarly, we make more advanced tools, but there is no simple dividing line between simple tools that animals can make and advanced tools that only humans can make. Sexual activity for pleasure, rather than procreation, has long been assumed to be a purely human thing, but it isn't true. Bonobos, dolphins, etc. all do it. Oral sex is no different from other forms of sexual pleasure, many of which have been observed in the animal world - masturbation, homosexuality, prostitution... --Tango (talk) 21:11, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* OK, I'll bite (possibly an inappropriate choice of words in a thread about oral sex). What animals engage in prostitution? --Richardrj talkemail 11:56, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* We know of penguins but there are probably others. Zain Ebrahim (talk) 12:37, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* maybe the fact that they're all walking around in tuxedos has something to do with it... <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 22:29, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* Or maybe not. Tuxedo-clad entities would be more likely to be the clients of prostitutes than the prostitutes themselves. -- JackofOz (talk) 20:56, 6 May 2009 (UTC)
* "Only humans sell subprime mortgage-backed securities"? --PalaceGuard008 (Talk) 22:33, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Yes, if you go specific enough then obviously you can find things. "Only humans engage in economics" would be false, though (there are plenty of examples of animals trading - penguins even trade sex for stones). --Tango (talk) 23:02, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Do you think all sellers of subprime mortgage-backed securities deserve to be called human? I think the jury is out.
* But, more seriously, I agree that efforts to find humans unique among species have to go towards the abstruse. - Jmabel | Talk 04:54, 11 May 2009 (UTC)
Follow up based on findings from Tango's response above
After reading the above responses I thought i'd have a look around at what the 'key' separators were between Humans and animals. I always thought one of our key separations was that we are able to 'consider' the thoughts of others - I can't think of the appropriate word for it, but essentially that we can put ourselves in someone else's shoes (sort of like empathy). Anyhoo i've no idea if it's true - just something I heard. Anyhoo onto my actual question. According to our article Human we are one of 9 animals that pass the Mirror test. I thought that was quite interesting and I wondered - are there examples of humans that do not pass the test? (i'd rule out blind/physically disabled) - more of question of those that lack the, presumably, mental function that makes us pass the test. ny156uk (talk) 22:26, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* I think empathy is, indeed, the word you are looking for (although empathy is usually used when referring to the emotions of other people rather than more general thoughts, so perhaps there is a better word). That is one of the things people have assumed only we can do and have been proven wrong. Empathy gives a very brief discussion, but I have seen more detailed examples (just can't find them now!). --Tango (talk) 23:05, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* Oh, and as for people failing the mirror test, you just have to take a human that is sufficiently young or mentally disabled. You can't rule out the mentally disabled since you are talking about a mental disability - you could ask if it is possible to lack that ability and not any others, but it would be a little difficult to define. --Tango (talk) 23:09, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
* The initial phenomenon you describe may be theory of mind. --superioridad (discusión) 07:17, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* "Sufficiently young," by the way, can be surprisingly old. Many of my (apparently not mentally-challenged) teenage students have a near-total inability to empathize with another's emotional state, although most can fake empathy to a degree. Aylad ['ɑɪlæd] 14:58, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* The mirror test isn't about empathy, it's about self awareness. I expect your students are aware of themselves, just not anyone else. --Tango (talk) 15:45, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
* Only humans argue about whether or not humans are unique. :P —Tamfang (talk) 03:49, 6 May 2009 (UTC) | WIKI |
Randy Stauner > DBIx-Schema-UpToDate > DBIx::Schema::UpToDate
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DBIx-Schema-UpToDate-1.001.tar.gz
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Module Version: 1.001 Source
NAME ^
DBIx::Schema::UpToDate - Helps keep a database schema up to date
VERSION ^
version 1.001
SYNOPSIS ^
package Local::Database;
use parent 'DBIx::Schema::UpToDate';
sub updates {
shift->{updates} ||= [
# version 1
sub {
my ($self) = @_;
$self->dbh->do('-- sql');
$self->do_something_else;
},
# version 2
sub {
my ($self) = @_;
my $val = Local::Project::NewerClass->value;
$self->dbh->do('INSERT INTO values (?)', {}, $val);
},
];
}
package main;
my $dbh = DBI->connect(@connection_args);
Local::Database->new(dbh => $dbh);
# do something with $dbh which now contains the schema you expect
DESCRIPTION ^
This module provides a base class for keeping a database schema up to date. If you need to make changes to the schema in remote databases in an automated manner you may not be able to ensure what version of the database is installed by the time it gets the update. This module will apply updates (defined as perl subs (coderefs)) sequentially to bring the database schema up to the latest version from whatever the current version is.
The aim of this module is to enable you to write incredibly simple subclasses so that all you have to do is define the updates you want to apply. This is done with subs (coderefs) so you can access the object and its database handle.
It is intentionally simple and is not intended for large scale applications. It may be a good fit for small embedded databases. It can also be useful if you need to reference other parts of your application as the subs allow you to utilize the object (and anything else you can reach).
Check "SEE ALSO" for alternative solutions and pick the one that's right for your situation.
USAGE ^
Subclasses should overwrite "updates" to return an arrayref of subs (coderefs) that will be executed to bring the schema up to date.
Each sub (coderef) will be called as a method (it will receive the object as its first parameter):
sub { my ($self) = @_; $self->dbh->do('...'); }
The rest of the methods are small in the hopes that you can overwrite the ones you need to get the customization you require.
The updates can be run individually (outside of "up_to_date") for testing your subs...
my $dbh = DBI->connect(@in_memory_database);
my $schema = DBIx::Schema::UpToDate->new(dbh => $dbh, auto_update => 0);
# don't forget this:
$schema->initialize_version_table;
$schema->update_to_version(1);
# execute calls on $dbh to test changes
$schema->dbh->do( @something );
# test row output or column information or whatever
ok( $test_something, $here );
$schema->update_to_version(2);
# test things
$schema->update_to_version(3);
# test changes
...
is($schema->current_version, $schema->latest_version, 'updated to latest version');
done_testing;
METHODS ^
new
Constructor; Accepts a hash or hashref of options.
Options used by the base module:
begin_work
Convenience method for calling "begin_work" in DBI on the database handle if transactions are enabled.
commit
Convenience method for calling "commit" in DBI on the database handle if transactions are enabled.
dbh
Returns the object's database handle.
current_version
Determine the current version of the database schema.
initialize_version_table
Create the version metadata table in the database and insert initial version record.
latest_version
Returns the latest [possible] version of the database schema.
quoted_table_name
Returns the table name ("version_table_name") quoted by "quote_identifier" in DBI.
quote_identifiers
@quoted = $self->quote_identifiers(qw(field1 field2));
Convenience method for passing each argument through "quote_identifier" in DBI.
Returns a list.
set_version
$cache->set_version($verison);
Sets the current database version to $version. Called from "update_to_version" after executing the appropriate update.
updates
Returns an arrayref of subs (coderefs) that can be used to update the database from one version to the next. This is used by "up_to_date" to replay a recorded database history on the "dbh" until the database schema is up to date.
update_to_version
$cache->update_to_version($version);
Executes the update associated with $version in order to bring database up to that version.
up_to_date
Ensures that the database is up to date. If it is not it will apply updates after "current_version" up to "latest_version" to bring the schema up to date.
version_table_name
The name to use the for the schema version metadata.
Defaults to 'schema_version'.
TODO ^
RATIONALE ^
I had already written most of the logic for this module in another project when I realized I should abstract it. Then I went looking and found the modules listed in "SEE ALSO" but didn't find one that fit my needs, so I released what I had made.
SEE ALSO ^
Here are a number of alternative modules I have found (some older, some newer) that perform a similar task, why I didn't use them, and why you probably should.
SUPPORT ^
Perldoc
You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command.
perldoc DBIx::Schema::UpToDate
Websites
The following websites have more information about this module, and may be of help to you. As always, in addition to those websites please use your favorite search engine to discover more resources.
Bugs / Feature Requests
Please report any bugs or feature requests by email to bug-dbix-schema-uptodate at rt.cpan.org, or through the web interface at http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=DBIx-Schema-UpToDate. You will be automatically notified of any progress on the request by the system.
Source Code
http://github.com/rwstauner/DBIx-Schema-UpToDate
git clone http://github.com/rwstauner/DBIx-Schema-UpToDate
AUTHOR ^
Randy Stauner <rwstauner@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE ^
This software is copyright (c) 2011 by Randy Stauner.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
syntax highlighting: | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Hisense TV Remote Not Working
With this method, the remote control will be reset all the way to factory settings. It’s one of the quickest and easiest ways to get things working again.
There could be further solutions to the problems Hisense TV Remote Not Working. If you scroll down, you might discover some suggestions that work for you.
Contents
How To Fix “Hisense TV Remote Not Working”
Fixing a Hisense TV Remote Not Working can be simple, but the available solutions aren’t always as evident as they could be. You might be amazed at how quickly an issue with your remote control can be resolved using one of these seemingly elementary solutions.
Hisense TV Remote Not Working
Method 1. Check Batteries
One of the most common problems with a Hisense remote control is a malfunctioning battery. The problem is generally resolved by replacing the battery, even if it seems quite recent.
One issue is that we frequently use batteries from different remote controls in one device. If you need to replace the batteries in your remote, make sure you use the same high-quality batteries throughout.
Check that the batteries have been placed correctly. If they are not put in the correct orientation, the remote will not function.
If you want to see how well the remote’s batteries are holding up, try using it from across the room. If the remote’s responsiveness decreases as you go further away from the TV, it’s probably time to change the batteries.
Method 2. Try a Universal Remote
Despite the benefits of utilising the Hisense remote that came with the TV, you may also find that a universal remote provides some useful features. There are universal remotes available for a low price that also have some pleasant extras.
We have a DVD player, cable box, speaker, and Hisense TV, so a universal remote is a serious consideration. Even if you merely use it to control the TV, a universal remote could be convenient.
Method 3. Resetting the TV
Sometimes the issue is not with the Hisense remote but with the TV itself, in which case resetting the TV should solve the issue. To clear the TV’s cached data and restore proper operation, you can just power it off and back on again.
Put the TV back together correctly by turning it on first. After waiting up to 10 minutes, you can reconnect your TV to the wall outlet. It’s possible that the remote will begin functioning normally once again after clearing the cached data.
Method 4. Consider the Chance that there are Obstacles Between the Remote and the TV and Make Sure they are Removed.
You can usually find a way to avoid those obstacles when the batteries are fully charged, but when their power decreases, you’ll have to deal with them.
The signal from the remote control can be interrupted by anything between it and the TV. An obstruction in front of the TV’s sensor could possibly be to cause. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
{ "327815": { "url": "/animal/lagomorph", "shareUrl": "https://www.britannica.com/animal/lagomorph", "title": "Lagomorph", "documentGroup": "TOPIC PAGINATED MEDIUM" ,"gaExtraDimensions": {"3":"false"} } }
Lagomorph
mammal
Media
Lagomorph
mammal
Alternative Title: Lagomorpha
Lagomorph, (order Lagomorpha), any member of the mammalian order made up of the relatively well-known rabbits and hares (family Leporidae) and also the less frequently encountered pikas (family Ochotonidae). Rabbits and hares characteristically have long ears, a short tail, and strong hind limbs that provide a bounding locomotion. In contrast, the smaller pikas have shorter, rounded ears, no external tail, and less-well-developed hind limbs associated with scampering locomotion.
Natural history
All lagomorphs (meaning “hare-shaped”) are small to medium-sized terrestrial herbivores. They superficially resemble rodents and in older classifications were even included in the order Rodentia, as both possess a set of continuously growing incisor teeth. It is now recognized that these two orders have long separate evolutionary histories. A distinctive feature setting lagomorphs apart from rodents is the presence of a second pair of peglike incisors set directly behind the large, continuously growing pair in the upper jaw. Another trait of all lagomorphs is their production of two kinds of feces—solid round droppings and soft black greaselike pellets. The soft feces are produced in the cecum and contain up to five times the vitamin content of hard feces; these are reingested (see coprophagy). This double-digestion process allows lagomorphs to utilize nutrients missed during the first passage through the digestive tract and thus ensures that maximum nutrition is derived from the food they eat.
Lagomorphs proverbially are known for their high rates of reproduction, and many species produce many large litters per year. However, there are also several species that breed only once per year or have only very small litters. One common and interesting feature of lagomorph reproduction is how inattentive the mothers are to their young. Nearly absentee parents, most lagomorph mothers visit their young to nurse only once a day, and the duration of nursing is very short. However, lagomorph milk is among the richest of that of all mammals, and the young grow rapidly and are generally weaned in about a month. Lagomorphs are frequently abundant and play an important role in many terrestrial communities as prey species in food chains. They are also noted for their impact on native vegetation.
The pikas (family Ochotonidae) are represented by one genus (Ochotona) and about 29 species found in the mountains of western North America and much of Asia. The two North American pikas and about half of Asian pikas occupy rocky habitat, where they live without making burrows. The other Asian pikas are burrowers that live in steppe and meadow habitats.
The leporids (family Leporidae) consist of 30 species of hare (genus Lepus) and 28 species of rabbit, in 10 genera (Pentalagus, Pronolagus, Romerolagus, Caprolagus, Oryctolagus, Sylvilagus, Brachylagus, Bunolagus, Poelagus, Nesolagus). The most commonly recognized forms are the European rabbit (O. cuniculus) and the cottontail rabbits of the Western Hemisphere (genus Sylvilagus).
Classification
With only two families and 87 species, order Lagomorpha is not a diverse group of mammals (there are more than 2,000 rodent species), but as native or introduced species they have a nearly worldwide distribution. However, almost 30 percent of all lagomorph species are recognized as endangered species, including four pikas, seven hares, seven cottontails, and seven other rabbits.
The first fossil record of mammals with lagomorph-like characters is from the Paleocene Epoch (65 to 54.8 million years ago), a time during which many mammalian orders diversified.
• Order Lagomorpha
87 species in 2 families dating to the Paleocene.
• Family Leporidae (rabbits and hares)
58 species in 11 genera found worldwide.
• Family Ochotonidae (pikas)
29 species in 1 genus of North America and Asia.
Andrew T. Smith
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SpaceNext50
Britannica Book of the Year | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:oofta
Quotes for verification
Connel, would use in a magazine count? C.f. a Prairie Business article from September 2002, for instance. It's not the best example, as there isn't enough context to show meaning, but it's more the principle of this kind of publication that I'm asking about. Cheers, Eiríkr Útlendi | Tala við mig 06:42, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
* Yes. Books are strongly preferred but you can search magazines, web pages, blogs, usenet groups, or anything that can be considered "durably archived." (Perhaps most blogs don't meet that criteria.) More info can be found at WT:CFI, also at the top section of WT:RFV. --Connel MacKenzie T C 06:45, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
* Thanks! I'll have a look at those two pages. Cheers, Eiríkr Útlendi | Tala við mig 15:57, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
From RFC
Needs some help, no language, no real definition... - TheDaveRoss 01:13, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
* Added language, alternate spelling, and fixed bad link (from oy wey to the proper oy vey). I can verify that it's used, if that's at all helpful -- it's very common in my dad's family, for instance, and they're all from Denmark about four generations back by way of Minnesota. Not sure what else needs to happen for the entry; it's an interjection, as already noted on the page. The definition could be clarified, I suppose, but I'm too tired at present to be intelligible enough for that. :) HTH, Eiríkr Útlendi | Tala við mig 06:24, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
* Added a definition (although this is sort of difficult to define). If someone does not find this satisfactory, please unstrike it. Atelaes 07:20, 20 February 2007 (UTC) | WIKI |
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