text stringlengths 3 7.38M | source_data stringclasses 5 values | info stringlengths 83 12.5k |
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Q:
Access string resources and shared preferences from custom java class
In my Android activity I am trying to construct a custom java class WordPressRestApiHandler like so:
public class LoginActivity extends AppCompatActivity{
...
private final WordPressRestApiHandler wordPressRestApiHandler = new WordPressRestApiHandler(LoginActivity.this, service);
...
In that class I would like to have access to the string resources and shared preferences. That is why I used LoginActivity.this as input. This is the constructor of my custom class:
protected WordPressRestApiHandler(Context initiateContext, OAuth10aService initiateService) {
context = initiateContext;
service = initiateService;
int some = R.string.PREFERENCE_FILE_KEY;
String test = context.getString(some);
SharedPreferences sharedPref = context.getSharedPreferences(test,Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
...
I am able to get the integer some and its value is correct, but I am not able to access the string resource in the next line. logcat tells me:
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'android.content.res.Resources android.content.Context.getResources()' on a null object reference
at android.content.ContextWrapper.getResources(ContextWrapper.java:86)
at android.view.ContextThemeWrapper.getResourcesInternal(ContextThemeWrapper.java:127)
at android.view.ContextThemeWrapper.getResources(ContextThemeWrapper.java:121)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.getResources(AppCompatActivity.java:549)
at android.content.Context.getString(Context.java:476)
at com.example.my_app.WordPressRestApiHandler.<init>(WordPressRestApiHandler.java:40)
at com.example.my_app.LoginActivity.<init>(LoginActivity.java:35)
at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Native Method)
at android.app.Instrumentation.newActivity(Instrumentation.java:1078)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2557)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2726)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap12(ActivityThread.java)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1477)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6119)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:886)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:776)
In this workflow the variable test will contain the unique identifier for my sharedPreferences file. Therefore it would look like "com.example.PREFERENCE_FILE".
So far I have tried several methods like calling App.getContext().getString() for a custom activity App or handling over this (therefore an object of type AppCombatActivity) but none of them worked for me.
A:
You have to initialize the variable wordPressRestApiHandler in onCreate() method.
public class LoginActivity extends AppCompatActivity{
...
private WordPressRestApiHandler wordPressRestApiHandler;
...
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_login);
wordPressRestApiHandler = new WordPressRestApiHandler(LoginActivity.this, service);
}
}
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '3042d4956cf666a3790fc0f394b410baae4ad0694ebe31edf7f978ec32cdace4'} |
[H2P] MoP Hit Cap FAQ (9/7/13)
For the things that don't fit elsewhere!
by Arlee » 20 Aug 2012, 11:19
First, this is not intended to be a discussion about if people should hit cap or not, so please don't bother with that as that sort of discussion is as pointless as someone trying to convince you that your favorite color isn't your favorite color. (also let me know if I am a tard and edit poorly. I try but you know... writing a bunch it doesn't always workout.)
Second, this is a listing of things people need to be aware of/consider when they are deciding if getting hit cap is good for them or not. There is a lot of information about this spread all over a billion threads and I thought it might be helpful to have a listing in one place a person can easily look at. This is not meant to be an endorsement of either method though. If you think I left something important off my list PLEASE post and let me know
Ok, now to the fun stuff. Also note... this list is in no particular order just as I thought of things/they were suggested. So don't assume that the first thing is the biggest deal thing and the last thing is moot.
What is Hit cap?
15% or 5100 hit/spirit (4760 for Draenei)
What hit rating equals 1% hit?
340 rating = 1% hit
34 rating = 0.1% hit
Also if you want an easy way in game to tell how much your will gain/drop in hit (and any other stat) without having to calculate the math RatingBuster is a great addon for that.
Hit cap is a hard cap.
Basically if you go over 15% you get no further benefit from hit. In some ways being at 15.01% is bad in the sense that you probably are not maximizing your stats somewhere. That extra 0.01% does absolutely nothing for you. Because of this some people prefer to be just under the cap instead of over it.
You still get spirit converted to hit.
All shadows get a passive skill called Spiritual Precision that converts all spirit gained from items or effects to be converted to hit.
If I am x amount under hit cap how often will I miss?
Code: Select all
At 14.99% hit you will miss 0.1 times out of every 1000 casts.
At 14.90% hit you will miss 1 time out of every 1000 casts.
At 14.80% hit you will miss 2 times out of every 1000 casts.
At 14.00% hit you will miss 10 times out of every 1000 casts.
At 13.50% hit you will miss 15 times out of every 1000 casts.
At 13.00% hit you will miss 20 times out of every 1000 casts.
That's the basic pattern. The thing to note though is that your chances of missing don't reset every fight. So some fights you might miss more or less than the point you are at (though generally speaking it will usually be pretty close).
If Mind Blast misses does it still generate an orb?
Yes. You still miss out on the damage that the MB would have done but you do still generate an orb, which means a miss on a MB wouldn't delay the cast of a 3 orb DP.
If Devouring Plague misses does it consume your orbs?
Nope. If you miss on DP you will retain your orbs and be able to recast as soon as the GCD is over. Furthermore, since you can only cast DP with orbs anyways it should be pretty easy to notice right away that you missed on your DP cast.
Misses are calculated on the cast not on the ticks.
Just wanted to mention this because I saw someone say that even if you hit with the spell the ticks could miss... which is completely not true.
Missing SW: Death is awful.
Yes, missing a SW:D is not good because it is a fair amount of damage in the execute range. One small upside is that same with MB, if you miss a SW:D you do still generate an orb (note this is only under 20% target health).
Missing VT you might not be able to recast immediately due to movement.
On some fights missing a VT absolutely can cause problems because there might be a second or two where you might not be able to recast it. Much like best case scenarios, worst case scenarios don't often happen. It is something to be aware of though.
How good are you at following mechanics, changing targets, and noticing misses?
There is a lot going on in raids at the same time. If you are going to drop below hit cap you are adding another thing to your plate here. It is quite possible that you just won't be able to react to misses quickly enough to make being under the hit cap work.
Addons that are used to track DoT durations can be fooled by a miss.
Sometimes when you cast a spell the addon you use might assume because you cast it that it hit and will show you that the DoT is on the target, only to randomly disappear a few seconds later. The upshot of this is if you are using an addon to track your misses it can slow down how soon you recast the spell and can result in a loss of dps.
Lower ilvl gear with hit is almost always a worse choice than higher ilvl gear without hit.
Often during raiding because loot is random, we are put in positions where we have to compare a higher ilvl piece without hit to a lower ilvl item with hit. The reason the higher ilvl piece will almost always be a better choice is that the higher ilvl piece will have more int. For this reason having the mentality of "I will never go below hit cap ever" can cost you.
The more under hit cap you are the more likely misses will happen.
Obvious, but doesn't hurt to say it
If I sim it and it says I should go haste over hit, but in game I do more dps with more hit I am doing it wrong?
Well no... not exactly. Basically, running a sim cannot account for all the things about you personally which might affect your personal relationship with hit. Sure it has different settings for different skill levels, but as in real life some people aren't good at honestly accessing their own skill level. If you run a sim and it tells you hit is not at all important, but when you do this in game and your dps goes down, then it would be sort of dumb to keep doing it. Sure it does probably mean you have some things you need to work on (like noticing misses, keeping dots up etc) and it sometimes takes awhile to get that worked out. You have to be honest with yourself and realize if you do or do not have the time/patience/forgiving raid leader to let you work that stuff out.
I am new to shadow, so I heard I don't need hit right?
Personally I would say get hit capped. It's better to learn and get comfortable with the class without further complicating the situation.
So I heard Expertise gives hit now?
Yes we can get hit from expertise now. For the most part this doesn't really matter much because expertise isn't on any cloth gear and anywhere you would enchant or gem expertise you could just get hit/spirit instead. Where it does matter some is for certain races that get expertise racials when using certain weapon types.*
Human - Mace Specialization
Dwarf - Mace Specialization
Gnome - Shortblade Specialization
*I have left out Troll and the Dwarf ranged weapon racial because it had seemed to previously not work with wands, but I want to make sure if it does or doesn't work before listing it.
Last edited by Arlee on 22 Oct 2012, 11:07, edited 8 times in total.
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by Jahbootie » 29 Aug 2012, 06:04
Alrighty then: have not played in the beta at all (too busy and don't like the spoilerage) so Tuesday night I logged in after the expected "file reconfiguration," selected five talents, glyphed up, read some spell tool tips, yada yada yada, threw a few spells to see what's up, figured out a priority list for spells to try, then targeted one of the new Raid Boss dummies... MISS MISS MISS MISS. Double You Tee Eff. Tried again, MISS MISS hit MISS hit MISS MISS... *@#%^&!
Checked the stat sheet, and exactly as anticipated I'm a smidge over the hit cap (as described, hadn't bothered yet to reforge to get rid of that smidge) - hit value on the page even has that little "+" next to it to confirm it.
Sooooo - who has thoughts on why this is happening? What am I missing here? (pun fully intended.)
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by kilara » 29 Aug 2012, 06:22
I had the same problem, but then found out the raider training dummy is level 93, 15% hitcap is for current bosses which are level 88..? You will have a chance to miss on the new raider training dummy, if I'm not mistaken...
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by Kilee » 29 Aug 2012, 06:53
Yes that's what's going on. You have to go hit the 85 dummies to try out the new rotations. Kind of a pita....
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by Arlee » 29 Aug 2012, 08:05
Annnd I just noticed I never updated the sw:d paragraph to reflect that we don't get mana back from it anymore. Poop. Fixing that now.
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by Constie » 29 Aug 2012, 22:33
Wait, so how much hit rating gives 10% hit?
Come on, die young.
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by Darkriinku » 30 Aug 2012, 05:13
So is it 15% once MoP drops or it's 15% as of now and I can reforge a bit and get more crit/mast etc?
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by Sharindia » 30 Aug 2012, 05:36
It's 15% now.
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by Arlee » 30 Aug 2012, 07:43
Constie wrote:Wait, so how much hit rating gives 10% hit?
Well at 90 3400 hit rating would give us 10% hit, but I am assuming that you mean currently at level 85?
At level 85 hit cap is 1537 and 1435 for Draenei.
1% hit = 102.5 (roughly)
10% hit = 1025
*Also side note if you are using armory to play with ideas for reforging, the armory appears to not be including the Draenei 1% hit again.
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by Crapgeezer » 12 Sep 2012, 00:52
Is it possible to add non-raid hit caps?
From what Blizzard is claiming, challenge mode dungeons will be very hard. Since your ilvl will scale back to a certain ilvl (forgot what ilvl that was) the only way to improve your stats is by switching gear around since you shouldn't need the raiding hitcap for hc dungeons.
Would be useful if people could easily find those hitcaps here :)
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Return to General Shadow Discussion | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '7', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.94558584690094}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '64267', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:HZFHMQDA6EFHUIAXWD3OCVJDJRQHAHWE', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:3972c2aa-fa84-4e3c-9a42-656787416361>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 4, 19, 22, 10, 8), 'WARC-IP-Address': '64.207.145.167', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:J6FZ4NPBO2HSQ27IRGLQTVE4HGEQVSUB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:350cf377-d451-470e-89a2-6ed0978ae16a>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://howtopriest.com/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=1766/posting.php?mode=reply&f=34&t=1711', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:4e41afa0-3819-48ca-bc0c-7820c48d6592>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '1991', 'url': 'http://howtopriest.com/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=1766/posting.php?mode=reply&f=34&t=1711', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-15\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for April 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06440109014511108', 'original_id': 'fb88699d28815ba1918a45ce7215353dff6f5e8d60c0801e5f03ea0ba87eaa67'} |
Occurrence and distribution of the parasitic copepod Leposphilus labrei on corkwing wrasse (Crenilabrus melops) from Mulroy Bay, Ireland.
Corkwing wrasse (Crenilabrus melops: Labridae), used to control ectoparasites on sea-farmed salmon, were found to contain the copepod parasite Leposphilus labrei (Philichthyidae) within the lateral line. Prevalence was 30.7% in 6,270 wrasse examined from Mulroy Bay, Ireland. Significantly more males than females or juveniles were infected; this appears related to size at age, as prevalence increases above 100 mm total length. Intensity was normally unity and the parasite showed a significant preference to infect the left rather than the right side of male wrasse. It is suggested that this preference is due to asymmetric fish locomotion, equivalent to "handedness." | mini_pile | {'original_id': '0c28e368a78db3e8a250bcb70715cace534d0fbbb45b880aca043e56e6cc9ed9'} |
You are here
N1 -
Neuroscience in the Clinic: Child Neurology: Emerging Understanding of the Epilepsy-Movement Disorder Spectrum Across the Lifespan
Event Time:
Sunday May 5, 2019 3:30 pm to 5:30 pm
Topic(s):
Child Neurology and Developmental Neurology, Movement Disorders
Director(s):
Deborah Hall MD, PhD, FAAN, Erika Augustine MD, FAAN
Description:
This Neuroscience in the Clinic session is organized in partnership with the Movement Disorders Society and is designed to bring cutting-edge scientific research together with clinical application. This program will feature invited speakers as well as abstract presentations, and will conclude with a panel discussion. This session will focus on emerging knowledge in the underlying pathophysiology of the epilepsy-movement disorder spectrum of genetic diseases, with clinical correlation related to diagnosis and treatment. The discussion will address salient features of this group of disorders from infancy to adulthood and implications for diagnosis and treatment.
Completion Message:
Attendees will become familiar with updates in recent gene discovery in disorders spanning the epilepsy-movement disorder spectrum and a pathophysiological framework for understanding synaptopathies, channelopathies, and transportopathies as a cause of epilepsies and movement disorders.
Clinical Features and Diagnosis in Epilepsy-Movement Disorder Overlap Syndromes
Erika Fullwood Augustine MD, FAAN
5:15 PM - 5:30 PM
Panel Discussion
Faculty
Disclosures
Speaker
Disclosure
Erika Fullwood Augustine, MD, FAAN
Dr. Augustine has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with BioMarin Pharmaceutical and RegenxBio. Dr. Augustine has received research support from Abeona Therapeutics and Biohaven Pharmaceutical . | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'c42c7ae91ff7601ec09a610a5578c221f6980ff909daac562c36c7ee381756ca'} |
Will America Pick Up Its Cross?
Today the colonizing spirit leads Christian conferences to flash all (or nearly all) white speaker lineups without a blush, promote white worship music as the gold Christian standard around the world, and build mega churches in the mold of mega malls and amusement parks that serve hundreds of thousands music and scripture disconnected from parishioners’ local contexts and needs. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8969412446022034}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '114430', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:2KAM4ABXLURRX7NFIC73GCVY2EA3244W', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:7307f74e-9d0f-4afc-a71f-85c591f44fec>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 23, 5, 11, 46), 'WARC-IP-Address': '216.70.88.82', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:XURQEVZYSOIXNTF5YFFSJIAU744VXVUK', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f2707826-02ca-41a4-b038-603b52fdaf0d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.redletterchristians.org/tag/good-news/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:dd85af8b-eaf6-4d7f-a788-48b659414ab5>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '64', 'url': 'https://www.redletterchristians.org/tag/good-news/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-183-105-77.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.08312147855758667', 'original_id': 'fb22e571ba21ea0fc5352903eeec2db4268ff9c71d1e233bebe58d1e18c892bd'} |
What Happened? (MJ)
Talk about a book no one will read. Jeez. This whole explanation tour and accompanying excuses for Hillary's big fat whiff is as embarrassing as the time she tried to tell an urban radio show that she carries hot sauce in her purse to prove she was down for the struggle.
Or the time she went on Jimmy Kimmel Live! to proclaim her robust health and then passed out and got chucked into van like a side of beef just two weeks later.
Or the time she tried to create moments of spontaneity by taking a road trip in an all black, government style, secret service protected 'scooby van' to Iowa to mix it up with ordinary folks.
The list goes on and on. She's cringe inducing x nervous laughter, to the ninth power of infinity.
But the title of her book, which sucks, reminded me of something Jennifer Palmieri said at the Harvard IOP conference--a forum that serves as a first draft of history of the campaign from its most prominent figures, minus the candidates.
...so I think it's a big part of what happened to Hillary-- and that's why when you hear people today say things like, 'there's something about her I just don't like, there's something about her I just don't trust.'
And if you look back at the interviews from the 1992 campaign with man on the street interviews you'll see people saying, 'you know there's something about her I just don't like, there's something about her I just don't trust.'
And, I think it's how challenging of a person she was as a baby boomer and a first woman.
Palmieri, bless her heart, was trying to explain that Hillary! was so awesome that she had no peer and therefore couldn't be measured or compared to mere mortals.
In truth, she hit it directly on the head the first time. People don't like Hillary. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '66213c4c2aab1426a0eacbb49bef45e87b8a2c943e92b3f0a527eace703859fd'} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Fusion, the final step of membrane trafficking between cellular compartments, requires the coordinated action of multiple conserved protein families, including soluble *N*-ethylmaleimide--sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), Rab small G proteins, tethering proteins, and SNARE cofactors, including the Sec1/Munc18 (SM) proteins. A typical docking and fusion sequence entails activation of Rab proteins and recruitment of tethering factors. After tethering, three Q-SNARE domains (designated Qa, Qb, Qc) and one R-SNARE assemble into a coiled-coil *trans*-complex spanning the docked membranes. *trans*-SNARE complex assembly is thought to drive membranes together, initiating a merger of the apposed bilayers and intermixing of lumenal contents. Following fusion, the universal factors Sec17/α-SNAP (α--soluble *N*-ethylmaleimide--sensitive factor attachment protein) and Sec18/NSF (*N*-ethylmaleimide--sensitive factor) disassemble *cis*-SNARE complexes (for a review, see [@B55]).
Despite intense efforts, the roles of SM proteins in these processes are incompletely understood. Genetic ablation or biochemical interference with SM function typically results in cessation of traffic through one or more pathways ([@B47]). In vitro, SM proteins stimulate fusion of liposomes reconstituted with SNARE proteins ([@B36]; [@B39]). At the biochemical level, SM proteins have divergent modes of association with SNAREs ([@B8]). It remains unclear how these biochemical properties are linked to the nearly absolute requirement for SM function that prevails in vivo.
SM proteins differ in their ability to bind cognate Qa-SNAREs. Sly1 interacts with its cognate Qa-SNARE by binding an N-terminal motif called the N-peptide ([@B26], [@B27]; [@B54]). Vps45 and Munc18 also bind their cognate Qa-SNAREs through interactions involving the N-peptide. Primarily, this interaction is with the "closed" conformation of the Qa-SNARE, in which the trihelical N-terminal H~abc~ domain folds back onto the SNARE domain ([@B11]). In these cases, the SM protein touches the N-peptide, the H~abc~ domain, and the SNARE domain. Although it has been hypothesized that N-peptide engagement might allosterically activate SM proteins, recent work suggests that a major function of N-peptide binding is simple recruitment of the SM to the fusion site ([@B31]; [@B40]). In contrast, other SM proteins, including Sec1 and, as shown in the present study, Vps33, do not engage their cognate Qa-SNAREs with high affinity. Furthermore, these Qa-SNAREs lack the N-peptide consensus sequence ([@B18]). Sec1 has primary affinity for the SNARE core complex and lesser affinities for individual SNAREs ([@B49]; [@B24]). In lieu of N-peptide binding, these SMs are probably recruited to SNAREs through alternative mechanisms. For example, Sec1 binds the Sec6 subunit of the exocyst tethering complex, suggesting that exocyst positions Sec1 at sites of exocytosis ([@B24]). Another Sec1-binding protein, Mso1, also interacts with the Qa-SNARE Sso1 and contributes to correct Sec1 localization ([@B20]).
Relative to other SM proteins, the endolysosomal SM Vps33 is poorly understood. Direct biochemical characterization of Vps33 has proven challenging due to its critical roles within at least two highly conserved Vps-C tethering complexes, HOPS (homotypic fusion and protein sorting) and CORVET (class C core vacuole/endosome tethering; for review see [@B25]). In vivo and in vitro studies indicate that HOPS promotes tethering, docking, and fusion at the terminal lysosomal vacuole and further suggest that HOPS may proofread *trans*-SNARE complexes and shield *trans*-complexes from disassembly ([@B42]; [@B44]; [@B17]; [@B52]). The specific contributions of the six HOPS subunits to each of these functions are not understood.
It has been unclear whether previously reported interactions between HOPS and SNAREs are mediated directly by Vps33, or by the other five HOPS subunits. Cell-free assays demonstrated that the H~abc~ domain of the Qa-SNARE Vam3 promotes HOPS recruitment to the vacuole. However, mutational analyses suggested that Vps18, not Vps33, is necessary for HOPS binding to Vam3 ([@B22]). Moreover, overproduced Vps33 in yeast cell lysates binds the Vam3 SNARE domain but not the N-terminal domain ([@B12]). In apparent contrast to these studies, an interaction between Vps33 and the Vam3 H~abc~ domain was postulated to occur ([@B28]). Most recently, purified Vps33 was reported to bind preassembled 3Q- and 3Q:R-SNARE complexes but not individual SNAREs ([@B21]). Purified HOPS was also reported to have affinity for the N-terminal PX-domain of Vam7 and weaker affinities for Vam3 and Nyv1 ([@B45]). In the present study, we reexamined the SNARE-binding properties of Vps33, both in isolation and in the context of the native HOPS complex. Our findings unify much of the previous literature on interactions among SNAREs, HOPS, and the SM protein Vps33 and suggest a working model for HOPS-SNARE interactions.
RESULTS
=======
HOPS has multiple binding sites for the Qa-SNARE Vam3
-----------------------------------------------------
To evaluate interactions between the Qa-SNARE Vam3 and native *Saccharomyces cerevisiae* HOPS ([Figure 1A](#F1){ref-type="fig"}), we expressed and purified portions of Vam3 fused C-terminally to glutathione *S*-transferase (GST). Affinity-capture experiments were then performed using lysates from wild-type cells or lysates from deletion mutants lacking specific HOPS subunits. HOPS from wild-type cell lysates bound the full Vam3 cytoplasmic domain and the H~abc~ domain ([Figure 1B](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). HOPS derived from lysates lacking the Rab-binding subunits Vps39 or Vps41 still bound Vam3 H~abc~, indicating that Vps39 and Vps41 are not required for the Vam3-HOPS interaction (Supplemental Figure S1). Surprisingly, in the absence of Vps33 (*vps33*∆), HOPS still bound the Vam3 H~abc~ domain, indicating that a HOPS subunit other than Vps33 mediates H~abc~ binding. A partial loss of HOPS binding to the full Vam3 cytoplasmic domain in the absence of Vps33 led us to hypothesize that Vps33 cooperates with other HOPS subunits in binding Vam3 through its H~abc~ and SNARE domains.
{#F1}
In *vps16*∆-null mutants, Vps33 cannot associate with the remainder of HOPS ([Figure 1A](#F1){ref-type="fig"}; [@B33]). In pull downs from *vps16*∆ cell lysates, Vps33 and HOPS had distinct binding profiles: Vps33 was retained on the Vam3 SNARE domain, while the remainder of HOPS was retained on the Vam3 H~abc~ domain. Deletion of either Vps11 or Vps18 strongly reduced pull down of the remaining subunits with the Vam3 H~abc~ from yeast detergent lysate (Figure S1). In addition to the interaction between HOPS and the Vam3 H~abc~ domain, we detected weak interactions between HOPS and the Vam3 SNARE domain in the absence of Vps33 ([Figure 1B](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). While this might be nonspecific binding, a recent report of interactions between the HOPS subunits Vps16 and Vps18 and vacuole SNAREs raises the possibility that HOPS subunits other than Vps33 contact SNARE domains ([@B21]).
To test whether Vps33 directly binds the Vam3 SNARE domain, we expressed and purified *S. cerevisiae* Vps33 from insect cells ([Figure 1C](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). In binding experiments, the purified Vps33 recapitulated results obtained with yeast cell lysates: Vps33 bound Vam3 directly through its SNARE domain ([Figure 1D](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). When the binding conditions for the yeast lysate pull downs (2 h at 4°C) were used, purified Vps33 exhibited slight binding to the plasma membrane Qa-SNARE Sso1 ([Figure 1D](#F1){ref-type="fig"}). With optimized binding conditions for purified Vps33 (2 h at 30°C), the Vam3-Vps33 interaction was more efficient, and there was no detectable binding to Sso1 or to two other noncognate SNAREs, Sed5 and Sec22 ([Figures 2, B and D](#F2){ref-type="fig"}, S2, and S4). Taken together, the data indicate that HOPS has at least two Vam3-binding sites. Vps11 and Vps18 are necessary for binding the Vam3 H~abc~ domain, while Vps33 binds the Vam3 SNARE domain. This working model is supported by the present results and most previous experiments addressing Vam3-HOPS interactions. We have so far been unable to detect binding of isolated Vps33, native or purified, to the Vam3 N-terminal H~abc~ domain ([@B28]).
{#F2}
Vps33 binds vacuolar Qa-, Qc-, and R-SNAREs and the quaternary SNARE complex
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interactions between SM proteins and individual non--Qa-SNAREs have been reported for Sly1, Vps45, Sec1, and Munc18 ([@B27]; [@B53]; [@B24]). To test whether purified Vps33 directly binds vacuole SNAREs other than Vam3 (Qa), we prepared GST fusions to the cytoplasmic domains of Vti1 (Qb), Vam7 (Qc), and Nyv1 (R). We found ([Figures 2A](#F2){ref-type="fig"} and S2) that purified Vps33 bound Vam3, Vam7, and Nyv1, but not Vti1 or GST alone. Because Vps33 binds Vam3 through its SNARE domain, we tested whether purified Vps33 could also bind SNARE domains of Vam7 and Nyv1, and observed direct binding to these domains ([Figure 2B](#F2){ref-type="fig"}). We further tested whether Vps33 is responsible for the reported interaction between HOPS and the N-terminal PX domain of Vam7 ([@B45]). Although purified Vps33 bound full-length Vam7 and Vam7 SNARE domain, Vps33 did not bind to the Vam7 PX domain (Figure S4). It was previously reported that Vps33 could bind the late endosomal Qa-SNARE Pep12 ([@B46]). While little of the HOPS in a wild-type cell lysate was retained on Pep12 when compared with Vam3, purified Vps33 was retained equally on Pep12-GST and Vam3-GST resins (Figure S3, A and B).
Direct SM binding to SNARE complexes has been reported for Sec1, Vps45, and metazoan Munc18 ([@B7]; [@B49]; [@B53]). To ascertain whether Vps33 binds SNARE complexes, quaternary complexes containing the cytoplasmic domains of Vti1, Vam7, and Nyv1 were assembled on solid supports bearing the Vam3-GST. Importantly, Vps33 bound quaternary 3Q:R-SNARE complexes, and was retained on SNARE complexes more efficiently than on any individual SNARE ([Figure 2, A, D, and E](#F2){ref-type="fig"}; see Figures S2 and S4 for additional examples). To evaluate the selectivity of Vps33 binding to the vacuole SNARE complex, we assembled Golgi quaternary SNARE complexes containing the GST-Sed5 SNARE domain and cytoplasmic domains of Bos1, Bet1, and Sec22. Vps33 bound selectively to vacuole versus Golgi SNARE complex ([Figure 2C](#F2){ref-type="fig"}).
The vacuole has two resident R-SNAREs. Nyv1 is thought to play a primary role in homotypic vacuole fusion, while Ykt6 functions in heterotypic fusion ([@B50]; [@B10]). To examine the ability of Vps33 to directly bind to Nyv1 or Ykt6, we prepared GST fusions to the full cytoplasmic domains of these R-SNAREs. Sec22, a Golgi R-SNARE, was used as negative control. Vps33 was retained on Ykt6 to a greater degree than the negative controls, though less efficiently than on Nyv1 ([Figure 2D](#F2){ref-type="fig"}). Purified Vps33 bound vacuolar SNARE complexes containing Nyv1 or Ykt6 with comparable efficiency.
To compare the relative affinities of Vps33 for an individual SNARE domain or the quaternary SNARE complex, we examined Vps33 binding to the SNARE domain of Vam3 or a minimal SNARE complex lacking the N-terminal domains of Vam3 and Vam7. Using a higher concentration of Vps33 (5.0 μM in [Figure 2E](#F2){ref-type="fig"} compared with 0.25 μM in [Figure 2, A--C and F](#F2){ref-type="fig"}), we were readily able to detect binding of Vps33 to the minimal SNARE complex using Coomassie Blue--stained polyacrylamide gels ([Figure 2E](#F2){ref-type="fig"}). Less Vps33 was retained by the Vam3 SNARE domain compared with the minimal SNARE complex, consistent with the interaction between Vps33 and the Vam3 SNARE domain being of lower affinity ([Figure 2E](#F2){ref-type="fig"}). By assaying binding over a range of Vps33 concentrations, we estimated the dissociation constant for Vps33 and the minimal SNARE complex as ∼2.8 ± 0.2 μM ([Figure 2F](#F2){ref-type="fig"}). This low micromolar apparent *K*~d~ falls between affinities reported for SNARE complex binding by Sec1 (∼0.3 μM) and Munc18 (∼6 μM; [@B49]; [@B53]). We were unable to measure an apparent dissociation constant for Vps33 and individual SNAREs due to the lower affinity of these interactions and instability of Vps33 at higher concentrations. Despite their relatively lower affinity, the interactions between Vps33 and monomeric SNARE domains are selective ([Figure 2, A, B, and D](#F2){ref-type="fig"}; see Figures S2 and S4 for additional examples), and it is plausible that interactions between Vps33 and individual SNAREs contribute to the SNARE assembly cycle in vivo (see *Discussion*).
Vps33 binding sites within Qa- and R-SNARE domains
--------------------------------------------------
SNARE domains share a conserved architecture, with repeating hydrophobic packing layers and a central "zero" layer comprising polar (Q) and ionic (R) residues ([@B13]). Negative numbering denotes packing layers N-terminal to the zero layer, while positive numbers are ascribed to the C-terminal (membrane-proximal) layers. Alignments of SNARE domains show substantial conservation of packing layers −8 to +8, but for clarity we have used the layer-based numbering system for our truncations outside this region. To map the interaction of Vps33 with Vam3 (Qa), we assayed binding of purified Vps33 to truncated Vam3 SNARE domains. When truncating from the N-terminal side of the Vam3 SNARE domain, Vps33 binding was lost upon truncation from layer −7 to layer −5 ([Figure 3A](#F3){ref-type="fig"}). In the C-terminal truncation series (starting from the equivalent of layer +9), Vps33 binding decreased as the SNARE domain was truncated from layer +5 to +3, and Vps33 binding was lost when Vam3 was truncated to layer −5. The determinants for Vps33 binding reside within Vam3 SNARE layers −7 to +5. While it is possible that truncations of the Vam3 SNARE domain alter the conformation or presentation of the SNARE motif, like other Qa-SNARE domains, the Vam3 SNARE domain is largely unstructured in solution ([@B12]). Thus we define the outside boundaries of Vps33 binding site in Vam3 (i.e., the region bounded by layers −7 to +5) using only those truncation constructs that showed no loss of Vps33 binding.
{#F3}
Munc18 interacts with the SNARE domain of the R-SNARE synaptobrevin at the C-terminal juxtamembrane region, making contacts within layers +8 to +9 ([@B53]). We asked whether truncation of the equivalent region of the vacuole R-SNARE Nyv1 would reduce Vps33 binding. Vps33 binding decreased when Nyv1 was truncated at its C-terminus to layer +9, and decreased further upon truncation from layer +7 to layer +5 ([Figure 3B](#F3){ref-type="fig"}). We infer that residues required for Vps33 binding lie within the membrane-proximal region of the Nyv1 SNARE domain.
Phenotypic analyses of Vps33 point mutations
--------------------------------------------
To further investigate the role of Vps33 in vacuole maintenance and fusion, we constructed *VPS33* alleles encoding missense mutations that alter conserved amino acids and that have been identified as causing phenotypic defects in Vps33 or other SM proteins ([@B9]; [@B38]; [@B48]; [@B15]; [@B23]; [@B16]). Evolutionary conservation of the targeted amino acid positions was verified using published and in-house sequence alignments ([@B15]; [@B28]; [Table 1](#T1){ref-type="table"}). Only an isoleucine residue mutated in a human patient with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome falls at a position not identical to yeast Vps33. Instead of isoleucine, yeast Vps33 has phenylalanine at the equivalent position ([@B48]). In addition to the yeast Vps33 analogue of the mouse buff (*bf*) mutation, D300E, we also tested a glycine substitution at the same position (D300G).
######
Summary of Vps33 mutants used in this study.
Vps33 mutant Species/SM family member Homologue/orthologue mutation Name Phenotype Reference
-------------- -------------------------- ------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
L75P Human/VPS33B L30P ARC syndrome Multisystem disorder affecting the kidneys, liver, nervous system, and platelet function [@B15]
D88K Yeast/VPS33 D88K Fusion defect Defect in content mixing and fusion [@B28]
I278N Yeast/SEC1 I249N Sec1-36 Defects in growth and SNARE complex binding at restrictive temperature [@B16]
R281A Yeast/SEC1 R252A Sec1-78 No growth defect [@B16]
G297V Fly/VPS33A G249V carnation Defects in endocytic trafficking and pigment granules [@B38]
D300E/G Mouse/VPS33A D251E buff Defects in melanosome morphology, hypopigmentation, and a mild platelet-storage pool deficiency; as the mice age, worsening motor defects, loss of Purkinje cells, and reduction in size of the cerebellum [@B48]; Chintala *et al*., 2009
F305L Human/VPS33A I256L HPS syndrome Defects in the formation and maintenance of melanosomes, platelet-dense granules, and lysosomes result in albinism, bleeding disorder, and pulmonary fibrosis [@B48]
T553I Yeast/SLY1 T531I Suppressor of Lethality of Ypt1 Suppressor of Lethality of Ypt1 [@B23]
E653A Yeast/SEC1 E604A Sec1-50 Defects in growth and SNARE complex binding at restrictive temperature [@B16]
Yeast vacuole morphology is classified as A (wild-type), B (partially fragmented), C (severely fragmented), D (enlarged), and E (accumulation of a novel compartment adjacent to the vacuole; [@B32]). Loss of Vps33 causes vacuolar cargo missorting, class C vacuole morphology, and a failure to grow at nonpermissive temperature (37°C; [@B2]). Based on these parameters, the phenotypic defects of the 10 Vps33 point mutations examined here ranged from no detected deficiency to the equivalent of a *vps33*∆-null mutant. The results from growth, trafficking, vacuole morphology, and Vps33-GFP localization assays are summarized in Table 2 and described below (Figures 4 and 5). Based on the results from these assays, the 10 mutants fall into four categories, referred to here as classes A, A´, B, and C.
######
Summary of phenotypic effects of Vps33 mutations on growth, vacuole morphology, and Vps33-GFP localization.
Vps33 mutant Growth at 30°C Growth at 37°C Growth at 37°C + 5 mM ZnCl~2~ Cargo missorting at 30°C Vacuole morphology at 30°C
-------------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------------------------- -------------------------- ----------------------------
vps33∆ √ No No Severe C
WT √ √ √ None A
L75P √ √ No None A
D88K √ √ √ Detectable A´
I278N √ √ Slow Detectable A´
R281A √ No No Severe C
G297V √ √ No Moderate B
D300E √ √ √ None A
D300G √ √ No Detectable A´
F305L √ √ √ None A
T553I √ √ Slow Detectable A´
E653A √ No No Severe C
Four of the 10 mutants had a novel collection of phenotypic defects intermediate to class A and class B here referred to as class A´. While D88K, I278N, D300G, and T553I resembled the wild-type strain in growth at 30 and 37°C, these alleles showed slow or no growth at 37°C on media supplemented with 5 mM ZnCl~2~ ([Figure 4A](#F4){ref-type="fig"}). Yeast with a wild-type copy of Vps33 showed no defect when grown under the same conditions. Furthermore, class A´ mutants had identifiable defects in trafficking of both CPY and ALP ([Figure 4B](#F4){ref-type="fig"}). Although the vacuole morphology of class A´ mutants appeared similar to the wild-type, Vps33-GFP localization was cytoplasmic, rather than punctate, in these mutants, as described below (Figure 5).
{#F4}
We saw no observable defects with three alleles associated with disease phenotypes in Vps33 orthologues: L75P, D300E, and F305L. Two of these encoded analogues of disease mutations in human *VPS33B* and *VPS33A* that cause ARC (arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction, and cholestasis) and HPS (Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome), respectively. For F305L, the yeast Vps33 analogue of the HPS mutation I256L in human VPS33a, the lack of conservation suggests a rationale for the absence of defects in the yeast F305L mutant. It is less clear why L75P has no effect in yeast despite the L30P mutation in human VPS33B causing multisystem disorders, although the L30P/L75P mutation falls within a region of Vps33 that is less well conserved. The amino acid mutated in the *bf* mouse is conserved in *S. cerevisiae* Vps33, but we observed no phenotypic defects from the analogous D300E mutation. We did observe phenotypic defects with a D300G mutation, indicating that the importance of this residue, if not its precise sensitivity to mutation, is conserved between mouse VPS33A and yeast Vps33.
### Defects in growth and cargo sorting.
GFP-tagged Vps33 mutants were expressed in a *vps33*∆ background from single-copy plasmids under the native *VPS33* promoter. As some *vps33* mutants are temperature-sensitive for growth ([@B2]), we asked whether any of the 10 mutants produced similar sensitivity ([Figure 4A](#F4){ref-type="fig"}). The *vps33*∆ mutant and two class C mutations, R281A and E653A, failed to grow at 37°C. Defects in vacuole biogenesis cause sensitivity to extracellular Zn^2+^, likely due to a failure to sequester metal ions within the vacuole ([@B46]). To test for more subtle defects in vacuole function, we stressed the cells by growing them in the presence of Zn^2+^ ([Figure 4A](#F4){ref-type="fig"}). While the majority of Vps33 mutants had no growth defects at 37°C, several grew slowly or lost viability when grown at 37°C in the presence of 5 mM ZnCl~2~: the class A´ mutants D88K, I278N, D300G, and T553I ([Figure 4A](#F4){ref-type="fig"}). This was not a universal effect of growth at 37°C in the presence of Zn^2+^, as strains containing wild-type Vps33 or the class A Vps33 mutants L75P, D300E, or F305L grew normally. The class C mutants R281A and E653A lost viability when grown 30°C with Zn^2+^. The class B mutant and *carnation* analogue G297V had strong growth defects at 37°C, and at 30° or 37°C in the presence of Zn^2+^ ([Figure 4A](#F4){ref-type="fig"}).
Carboxypeptidase Y (CPY) traffics from the Golgi to the vacuole via endosomes, while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) traffics directly from the Golgi to the vacuole. As CPY and ALP take independent routes to the vacuole, it is possible to selectively impair one pathway, while leaving the other unaltered ([@B4]). Defects in trafficking to the vacuole result in accumulation of proenzymes (p) relative to active mature (m) forms. For further characterization of the *vps33* alleles, detergent lysates from cells grown at 30°C were analyzed for Vps33 protein levels and defects in cargo transport ([Figure 4B](#F4){ref-type="fig"}). While Vps33 levels were similar in each of the 10 strains, ALP and CPY maturation defects varied greatly among the mutants ([Figure 4B](#F4){ref-type="fig"}). Consistent with the growth data, strains with a wild-type copy of *VPS33* or class A mutations had normal levels of mature ALP and CPY. Partial accumulation of proALP and proCPY were noted in class A´ strains. Vps33-G297V, the sole class B mutant, had an intermediate cargo maturation phenotype: most of its ALP accumulated in the pro-form, but there was partial maturation of CPY. Strains lacking a copy of Vps33 or carrying class C Vps33 mutant alleles R281A or E653A failed to mature both CPY and ALP.
### *Defects in vacuole morphology and Vps33-GFP localization*.
We next examined vacuole morphology and Vps33 localization in each of the mutants. The vacuole was visualized by pulse-chase labeling with the endocytic tracer FM4-64. In a strain carrying wild-type *VPS33*, vacuoles had normal (class A) morphology and Vps33-GFP accumulated in punctae adjacent to the vacuole, as expected ([Figure 5](#F5){ref-type="fig"}; [@B51]; [@B19]). In accord with data from growth and trafficking assays, vacuole morphology and Vps33-GFP localization in L75P, D300E, and F305L mutants were indistinguishable from wild-type Vps33. In strains lacking Vps33, extreme fragmentation of the vacuole (class C morphology) was observed ([@B2]). Strains carrying the R281A or E653A mutations, which phenocopied the *vps33*∆ null in growth and cargo maturation assays, had class C morphology and lacked clearly identifiable Vps33-GFP punctae. The G297V mutation had partially fragmented, or class B, vacuole morphology without clear Vps33-GFP punctae. The class A´ mutants (D88K, I278N, D300G, and T553I) had normal, class A, vacuole morphology. Surprisingly, in these four class A´ strains, the fluorescent Vps33-GFP punctae observed in wild-type cells were absent. Instead, Vps33-GFP had a diffuse cytosolic localization.
{#F5}
### Class A´ Vps33 mutants show loss of in vivo binding to the HOPS complex.
Despite their normal vacuole morphology, the four class A´ mutants (D88K, I278N, D300G, and T553I) had growth defects under stressful conditions (37°C and 5 mM ZnCl~2~), and impaired cargo trafficking under standard conditions (30°C). For further characterization of these mutants, Vps33-GFP alleles from different phenotypic classes (D88K, R281A, G297V, and D300G) were chromosomally integrated under the native *VPS33* promoter in a protease-deficient *pep4*∆ background. Examination of the chromosomal integrants revealed defects identical to phenotypes from plasmid-borne *vps33* alleles (Figure S5).
To test whether loss of Vps33-GFP punctae in the class A´ mutants was due to altered Vps33 association with membranes, we performed subcellular fractionation. Lysates of spheroplasted cells were centrifuged at 13,000 × *g* to obtain pellets (P13) highly enriched for vacuole membranes. The 13,000 × *g* supernatants (S13) were then centrifuged at 100,000 × *g* to yield a P100 fraction (enriched in endosomes, vesicles, and Golgi) and S100 cytosol. In wild-type cells, HOPS sedimented predominantly with the vacuole-enriched P13 fraction, with a smaller amount remaining in the S100 cytosol ([Figure 6, A and B](#F6){ref-type="fig"}). In strains carrying the class A´ mutations D88K or D300G, however, most Vps33 shifted from the P13 to the S100 cytosol. Importantly, the other HOPS subunits remained in the vacuolar P13 ([Figure 6, A and B](#F6){ref-type="fig"}). Together with microscopy, these subcellular fractionation experiments confirm that in the D88K and D300G class A´ mutants, Vps33---but not the remainder of HOPS---shifts from mainly vacuolar to mainly cytosolic.
{#F6}
In previous studies, Vps33 stably associated with HOPS in coimmunoprecipitations ([@B33]; [@B37]). On the basis of the above data, we predicted that the Vps33 mutations D88K or D300G would abrogate the Vps33-HOPS interaction. Coimmunoprecipitation from detergent lysates verified the stable association of wild-type Vps33 with HOPS ([Figure 6C](#F6){ref-type="fig"}). In contrast, coimmunoprecipitation from lysates from D88K or D300G mutant cells revealed a loss of association between Vps33 and HOPS. These results suggest that the altered Vps33 localization in class A´ mutants results from reduced steady-state association of Vps33 with HOPS. Together with the growth and cargo-trafficking defects, the class A´ mutants underscore the importance of proper steady-state recruitment of Vps33 to the vacuole and vacuole fusion machinery (see *Discussion*).
DISCUSSION
==========
A central challenge in developing general models for SM protein function is to reconcile the apparently divergent modes of SNARE binding reported for the four SM subfamilies. In this study, we have shown that Vps33 interacts with SNAREs and SNARE complexes in a manner closely analogous to Sec1 ([@B49]; [@B24]). Specifically, Vps33 interacts with individual SNARE domains and, with significantly greater affinity, quaternary SNARE complexes. Furthermore, we found that HOPS binds the Vam3 N-terminal domain through an SM-independent mechanism that requires Vps11 and Vps18 but not Vps33. This is in contrast to the SM proteins Sly1, Vps45, and Munc18, which have high-affinity interaction sites for their cognate Qa-SNAREs. We also identified Vps33 mutants that exhibit a collection of phenotypic defects referred to here as class A´, including the loss of vacuole-associated Vps33 and reduced steady-state Vps33-HOPS interactions.
Although isolated Vps33 can bind SNAREs and SNARE complexes in vitro, recruitment of HOPS to membranes still occurs when Vps33 is absent. HOPS recruitment to docking junctions is enhanced by affinities of the HOPS complex for the Rab Ypt7 ([@B30]; [@B5]; [@B29]; [@B6]), for specific lipids on the vacuole ([@B3]; [@B14]), and for the N-terminal domains of the Qa- and Qc-SNAREs, Vam3 and Vam7 ([@B34]; [@B45]). Taken together, the available data suggest a model in which HOPS coordinates SNARE binding through its interactions with the N-terminal domains of the Qa- and Qc-SNAREs. This positions Vps33 to interact with the fusion-active SNARE domains of Qa-, Qc-, and R-SNAREs, and finally with the SNARE core complex ([Figure 7](#F7){ref-type="fig"}).
![Summary of interactions between Ypt7 Rab, HOPS, and SNAREs. Together with the published literature, our data suggest that several subunits of the HOPS complex coordinate binding of multiple SNARE domains. Vps33 directly binds the Qa-, Qc-, and R-SNARE domains, while the N-terminal H~abc~ and PX domains of the Qa- and Qc-SNAREs are bound by other subunits within HOPS. Interactions of HOPS subunits Vps39 and Vps41 with the Rab Ypt7 have been demonstrated previously ([@B5]; [@B29]).](4611fig7){#F7}
Consistent with this emerging picture, we identified four class A´ mutations in Vps33 that result in a change in the localization of Vps33, but not the remainder of HOPS, from the vacuole to the cytoplasm. Strains carrying class A´ alleles have reduced viability and cargo-trafficking defects. It is tempting to speculate, given the loss of association between HOPS and Vps33 D88K or D300G, that the phenotypic defects of class A´ mutants are due to a loss of HOPS-promoted recruitment of Vps33 to the vacuole. However, further characterization of these Vps33 alleles will be required to rule out the possibility that class A´ alleles have secondary defects that contribute to the observed phenotypes.
As with the interactions between Vps33 and individual SNAREs reported here, each of the other SM subfamilies has been reported to interact with non--Qa-SNAREs and SNARE domains. Sly1 binds SNARE domains of Qb- (Bos1 and Gos1) and Qc-SNAREs (Bet1 and Sft1; [@B27]). The yeast endosomal SM Vps45 binds the SNARE domain of the R-SNARE Snc2 ([@B7]). Munc18-1 binds the SNARE domains of the R-SNARE synaptobrevin and the Qa-SNARE syntaxin-1a ([@B53]; [@B41]). Sec1 binds the Qb-c--SNARE Sec9 and the Qa-SNARE Sso1 ([@B24]). As interactions between SM proteins and individual SNARE domains are typically weak (6--20 μM), the functional in vivo significance of these interactions is still unclear ([@B53]; [@B24]). One model consistent with this pattern of interactions is that the SM protein makes similar contacts with a subset of SNARE domains when the SNAREs are unpaired or in the assembling SNARE complex bundle. The low affinities for individual SNAREs would be synergistic in the context of the SNARE complex, and these SNARE domain contacts could in turn provide a basis for the hypothesized activity of SM proteins toward the assembling *trans-*complex ([@B47]; [@B8]).
While nearly every SM protein has been reported to interact with individual SNARE domains, no clear pattern emerges as to which specific SNARE domains SM proteins contact. As some SM proteins must contact SNARE complexes with multiple Qa-, Qb-, Qc-, and R-SNARE compositions, it seems possible that a strict arrangement of SM-to-SNARE domain contacts would not be conserved, while the general feature of interaction with at least two SNARE domains per SM would be maintained. A closely related question is whether SM proteins contribute to the specificity of fusion. We report here that Vps33 binds similarly to quaternary complexes with either of the physiologic R-SNAREs (Nyv1 and Ykt6), and binds the SNARE domains of both endosomal and vacuole Qa-SNAREs (Vam3 and Pep12). In contrast, Vps33 shows high selectivity in binding to vacuole versus Golgi SNARE complexes and in binding cognate versus noncognate individual SNAREs. This suggests, at least in principle, that SM proteins can contribute to the selectivity of membrane docking and fusion.
A recent study reported binding of Vps33 to 3Q and 3Q:R quaternary SNARE complexes, but not individual SNAREs ([@B21]). As we observed stronger binding of Vps33 to SNARE complexes than to individual SNAREs, it is possible that differences in observed interactions reflect differences in experimental conditions. As 3Q complexes did not remain stably associated under our assay conditions, we did not examine their binding to Vps33. We emphasize that interactions between Vps33 and quaternary 3Q:R complexes were detected in both studies.
Our data suggest that compared with other SM proteins, Vps33 behaves in a manner most similar to Sec1. Both proteins can interact with isolated SNAREs but have greatest affinity for the SNARE complex. Moreover, both Vps33 and Sec1 interact with larger protein complexes (HOPS and exocyst), which in turn have additional affinities for SNAREs. In both cases, multisubunit tethering complexes play an important role in recruitment of the cognate SM protein. We suggest that SM proteins fall into two classes based on a primary affinity for the Qa-SNARE or SNARE complex. Class I SM proteins (including Munc18, Vps45, and Sly1) have a high-affinity interaction site for the cognate Qa-SNARE and that cognate Qa-SNARE contains the N-peptide consensus sequence. Class I SM proteins can be further divided into those that bind the closed conformation of the Qa-SNARE (Munc18, Vps45) or do not (Sly1). Class II SM proteins (including Sec1 and Vps33) do not directly bind the N-peptide and, in fact, their cognate Qa-SNAREs seem to lack the consensus N-peptide sequence ([@B18]). Instead, Sec1 and Vps33 have primary affinity for the SNARE complex. Recently it was suggested that the N-peptide of syntaxin-1 serves predominantly as a physical recruitment site for Munc18-1 ([@B31]). In this model, class I SM proteins (Munc18, Vps45, and Sly1) are recruited through direct interactions with the N-peptide. Recruitment of class II SM proteins (including Sec1 and Vps33) to unpaired SNAREs may be enhanced by tethering complexes, such as HOPS and exocyst. Despite the divergence in SM protein affinity for cognate Qa-SNARE, all SM proteins studied to date have the ability to bind unpaired SNARE domains. Furthermore, Munc18 and Vps45 have been reported to interact with the SNARE complex bundle, suggesting that the primary SNARE-binding mode of Vps33 and Sec1---interaction with the SNARE complex bundle---is a shared feature of all SM proteins. This would suggest a unifying model in which the executive functions of SM proteins in docking and fusion are broadly conserved.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
=====================
Strain and plasmid construction
-------------------------------
Yeast strains and plasmids are summarized in Supplemental Table S1. Briefly, *VPS33* was deleted from SEY6210 BHY10 and BY4742 *pep4*∆. Vectors for expressing Vps33 under its native promoter were PCR-amplified from *VPS33-ttx-GFP~A207K~* (*ttx*: TEV \[tobacco etch virus\] protease, thrombin, and factor X recognition sites) and incorporated by homologous recombination into pRS416 vector ([@B51]). Point mutations in *VPS33* were introduced through homologous recombination, rescued, verified by sequencing, and transformed into SEY6210 BHY10 *vps33*∆. For integration into BY4742 *pep4∆vps33∆*, wild-type and point mutants were PCR-amplified from the pRS416 vectors and integrated into the chromosomal locus of *VPS33.* Bacterial expression plasmids are summarized in Table S1. In brief, the GST-SNARE fusions were cloned in-frame with either an N- or C-terminal GST sequence separated by a short linker and TEV recognition site. GST-Vti1 was cloned as previously described ([@B45]). Full-length Vam7 was cloned as previously described ([@B35]). Bos1 was cloned as previously described ([@B43]). N-terminally His~6~-tagged SNARE fusions were cloned into pHIS-parallel1 vector. Vam7 SNARE domain was cloned into a pRSF-1b backbone in-frame with an N-terminal His~6~-GFP separated with a short linker and TEV recognition site. Vti1 was cloned into the pRSF-1b vector with a N-terminal His~7~-MBP (maltose-binding protein) tag separated with a short linker and TEV recognition site. Vps33 was cloned for expression in the insect cell baculovirus system as previously described ([@B5]).
Protein expression
------------------
### Vps33.
Insect cells expressing GST-Vps33 were lysed by sonication or high-pressure disruption in buffer A (50 mM HEPES, 400 mM NaCl, 10% \[wt/vol\] glycerol, 5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 5 mM EDTA, 0.5% Triton X-100, pH 7.4) with protease inhibitors, and clarified lysate was bound to glutathione sepharose 4B (GSH) resin for 2 h at 4°C. The resin was washed extensively, and the buffer was changed stepwise into IEX binding buffer (20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, 10% \[wt/vol\] glycerol, 5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, pH 8.0). GST-Vps33 was eluted from GSH resin with 20 mM glutathione in IEX binding buffer and incubated with TEV protease at 4°C for 16--22 h. Cleaved Vps33 was further purified over UnoQ and Superdex200 columns, exchanged into Storage buffer (20 mM HEPES, 200 mM NaCl, 10% \[wt/vol\] glycerol, 5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol), and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen.
### SNAREs.
SNARE proteins were expressed in *Escherichia coli* that harbored a pRIL codon-bias correction plasmid. Cells were inoculated at 0.05 OD~600~, grown to 1.0--1.2 OD~600~ in Terrific Broth (TB; [@B56a]), and expression was induced with 100 μM isopropyl β-[d]{.smallcaps}-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) for overnight expression at 21°C (His~6~-Nyv1 and His~7~-MBP-Vti1, GST-Vam3~SNARE~ domain and truncations, GST-Nyv1~SNARE~ domain and truncations, His~6~-Bos1, His~6~-Bet1, His~6~-Sec22), 500 μM IPTG for 4--5 h at 30°C (His~6~-GFP-Vam7 SNARE), or 1 mM IPTG for 3 h at 37°C (Vam3-GST). Full-length Vam7 was expressed and purified as previously described ([@B35]). Cells expressing His-tagged SNAREs were lysed by sonication in Buffer A without EDTA and supplemented with 20 mM imidazole and protease inhibitors. Clarified lysates were prepared by centrifugation at 18,500 × *g* for 25 min at 4°C and incubated with Ni-NTA HP resin (GE Healthcare, Piscataway, NJ) for 10 min at 4°C. The bound material was washed extensively, and His-tagged SNAREs were eluted with Storage buffer (20 mM HEPES, 200 mM NaCl, 10% \[wt/vol\] glycerol, 5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, pH 7.4) supplemented with 400 mM imidazole (pH 7.4). His-tagged SNAREs were buffer-exchanged into Storage buffer without imidazole using PD-10 desalting columns (GE Healthcare) and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Cells expressing GST-tagged SNAREs were lysed by sonication in Storage buffer supplemented with 5 mM EDTA and protease inhibitors, and clarified lysate was snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen.
Pull downs
----------
GST-SNARE proteins were bound to GSH 4B (GE Healthcare) by incubating clarified lysate with the resin for 2 h at 4°C with rocking and were then washed extensively. For pull downs on SNARE complexes, a fivefold molar excess of purified Vti1, Vam7, and Nyv1 was incubated with Vam3 prebound to GSH 4B for 16--22 h at 4°C with rocking. Golgi SNARE complexes were prepared in a similar manner, with GST-Sed5 SNARE domain prebound to GSH 4B resin, and the purified cytoplasmic domains of the other three SNAREs incubated at fivefold molar excess for 16--22 h at 4°C with rocking. In all cases, resins were washed extensively before pull down. Prior to pull down, purified Vps33 was incubated with GSH 4B resin for 1 h at 23°C to remove residual uncleaved material. Pull downs with recombinant Vps33 were performed in SNARE Assay buffer (20 mM HEPES, 200 mM NaCl, 5 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.5% Triton, pH 7.4). Pull downs with yeast lysate were performed as previously described ([@B1]). Briefly, lysis was performed in Yeast Lysis buffer (20 mM HEPES, 50 mM KOAc, 200 mM sorbitol) supplemented with protease inhibitors. Detergent lysates from ∼450 OD~600~ × ml of cells were incubated with resins prebound to GST fusion proteins for 2 h at 4°C, washed three times with Yeast Lysis buffer, and eluted by incubating the resins with Yeast Lysis buffer supplemented with 20 mM reduced glutathione (pH 7.4 final) for 10 min at 4°C. Analysis was performed by SDS--PAGE and Western blotting. Antibodies were prepared as previously described ([@B1]). All pull downs were repeated a minimum of three times; representative results are shown.
Quantification of saturation binding
------------------------------------
Minimal SNARE complexes were formed on GSH resin using the SNARE domain of Vam3-GST, the SNARE domain of Vam7 (His~6~-GFP-Vam7), and the cytoplasmic domains of Vti1 (His~7~-MBP-Vti1) and Nyv1 (His~6~-Nyv1). Increasing concentrations of Vps33 (0.1--10 μM) were incubated with minimal SNARE complex for 2 h at 30°C in SNARE Assay buffer, washed three times, and eluted by incubating the resins with SNARE Assay buffer supplemented with 20 mM reduced glutathione (pH 7.4 final) for 10 min at room temperature. Samples were separated by SDS--PAGE, detected with SYPRO-Ruby (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA), and imaged using a Gel Doc XR+ (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA). The data from three experiments were plotted as fractional saturation of Vps33 binding to the minimal SNARE complexes relative to the total concentration of Vps33 in the reaction. *K*~d~ was estimated by nonlinear fitting of a single-site binding model to the data (Prism 5; GraphPad, La Jolla, CA).
Growth assays
-------------
Strains were grown 16--22 h at 24°C, and three dilutions were prepared (1.0, 0.05, and 0.0025 OD~600~). Strains were plated on synthetic complete media lacking uracil or yeast--peptone--dextrose (YPD) plates, with or without 5 mM ZnCl~2~, and grown for 48 h at the indicated temperature.
Protein sorting and vacuole morphology
--------------------------------------
Yeast strains were grown 16--22 h at 24°C, and back-diluted to 0.2 OD~600~ × ml. Yeast were then grown at 30°C to 0.8--1.0 OD~600~, and cell pellets were washed in 10 mM NaN~3~. Cell pellets were resuspended in SDS--PAGE sample buffer. Samples were boiled for 15 min and then vortex-mixed with glass beads for 3 min. Samples were subjected to SDS--PAGE, and Western blotting were performed as previously described ([@B29]). Vacuoles were imaged by FM4-64 (Invitrogen) pulse-chase as previously described ([@B29]).
Subcellular fractionation
-------------------------
Yeast strains were grown at 30°C to ∼1.0 OD~600~. Cells were centrifuged and washed for 10 min at room temperature with 100 mM Tris-Cl (pH 9.4) and 10 mM 2-mercaptoethanol. Cells were centrifuged and resuspended in Spheroplasting buffer (50 mM Tris-Cl, pH 7.9, 8% YPD, 1M sorbitol) with Zymolyase 20T (Seikagaku, Tokyo, Japan); the Zymolyase was further purified by cation-exchange chromatography prior to use. Cells were spheroplasted for 25 min at 30°C, harvested by sedimentation, and resuspended in SF/IP buffer (20 mM HEPES, 200 mM sorbitol, 100 mM NaCl, pH 7.4) supplemented with protease inhibitors. Spheroplasts were lysed by Dounce homogenization and clarified by centrifugation at 1000 × *g*. Lysates were subsequently centrifuged at 13,000 × *g* for 15 min to obtain pellet (P13) and supernatant (S13) fractions. The S13 fraction was centrifuged for 45 min at 100,000 × *g* to obtain pellet (P100) and cytosol (S100) fractions. Samples were incubated with SDS-loading buffer for 7 min at 95°C and analyzed by SDS--PAGE and Western blotting. Subcellular fractionations were repeated a minimum of three times, and representative Western blots are reported.
Immunoprecipitation
-------------------
Cells were grown and spheroplasted as described for subcellular fractionation. The S1 fraction was incubated with 0.5% Triton X-100, on ice, for 10 min and clarified by centrifugation at 20,000 × *g* for 15 min. Next, ∼450 OD~600~ × ml of lysate was incubated for 2 h at 4°C with protein A-Sepharose resin (Pierce, Rockford, IL) covalently coupled to affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal GFP antiserum. Resins were washed five times in SF/IP buffer and eluted by incubating the resin with SDS-loading buffer for 7 min at 95°C. Immunoprecipitations were repeated a minimum of three times, and representative Western blots are shown.
Supplementary Material
======================
###### Supplemental Materials
This article was published online ahead of print in MBoC in Press (<http://www.molbiolcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1091/mbc.E12-05-0343>) on October 10, 2012.
We thank W. Wicner for sharing antisera, S. Ferro-Novick for the Bet1 expression plasmid, and members of the Merz group for insightful discussions and comments on the manuscript. Our work on the biochemistry of membrane fusion is supported by NIH-NIGMS GM077349. B.T.L. was supported by NIH-NIGMS T32 GM07270, and A.J.M. is a Research Scholar of the American Cancer Society.
ARC
: arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction, and cholestasis
*bf* mutation
: mouse buff mutation
CORVET
: class C core vacuole/endosome tethering
GFP
: green fluorescent protein
GSH
: glutathione sepharose resin
GST
: glutathione *S*-transferase
HOPS
: homotypic fusion and protein sorting
HPS
: Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
IPTG
: isopropyl β-[d]{.smallcaps}-1-thiogalactopyranoside
MBP
: maltose-binding protein
NSF
: *N-*ethylmaleimide--sensitive factor
Q
: glutamine
R
: arginine
SM
: Sec1/Munc18
SNAP
: soluble *N-*ethylmaleimide--sensitive factor attachment protein
SNARE
: soluble *N*-ethylmaleimide--sensitive factor attachment protein receptor
TEV
: tobacco etch virus
ttx
: TEV protease, thrombin, and factor X
YPD
: yeast--peptone--dextrose
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '886507e59848d5706ea89d406fdc58e9b595ed63d90bc192edd0cc882979b87e'} |
{% extends option1 %}
{% block content %}
{% if student %}
<div>
<div class="section">
<!-- Icon Section -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col s12 l12">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-content">
<span class="card-title">My Profile</span>
<table class="striped">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>{{ student.name }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>BITS ID:</td>
<td>{{ student.bitsId }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<!-- temporary fix to hide default DOB of 2021 batch -->
<td>DOB</td>
{% if '2021' in student.bitsId %}
<td></td>
{% else %}
<td>{{ student.bDay }}</td>
{% endif %}
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Address</td>
<td>
<span class="left initialAdress">{{ student.address }}</span>
<input type="text" placeholder="House no." class="left addressval"> </input>
<input type="text" placeholder="Premise" class="left addressval"></input>
<input type="text" placeholder="Area" class="left addressval"></input>
<input type="text" placeholder="Town" class="left addressval"></input>
<input type="text" placeholder="State" class="left addressval"></input>
<input type="text" placeholder="PIN" class="left addressval"></input>
<span class="new badge red comm left editAddr" data-badge-caption="">Edit</span>
<br>
<span class="showError">Enter all the fields</span> </td>
</tr>
{% if hostelps.status == "Student" %}
<tr>
<td>Hostel</td>
<td>{{ hostelps.hostel }}</td>
</tr><tr>
<td>Room</td>
<td>{{ hostelps.room }}</td>
</tr>
{% elif hostelps.status == "Graduate" %}
<tr>
<td>Status</td>
<td>Graduated</td>
</tr>
{% else %}
<tr>
<td>{{hostelps.status }}</td>
<td>{{ hostelps.psStation }}</td>
</tr>
{% endif %}
<tr>
<td>CGPA</td>
<td>{{ student.cgpa }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bank Account Number</td>
<td>{{ student.bank_account_no }}</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br><br>
</div>
<style>
.comm {
width:100px;
}
.editAddr, {
cursor: pointer;
width:10px;
}
.saveAddr {
cursor: pointer;
width:130px;
}
.details th:nth-child(1), .details td:nth-child(1) {
width: 35%;
}
.details th:nth-child(2), .details td:nth-child(2) {
width: 65%;
}
.initialAdress{
display: block;
}
.addressval{
display: none
}
.showError{
color: red;
display: none;
padding: 10px;
}
</style>
{% csrf_token %}
<script>
$(document).on('click', '.editAddr', (e) => {
$('.editAddr').addClass('saveAddr').removeClass('editAddr').text('Request Change').removeClass('red').addClass('green')
$(".initialAdress").hide();
console.log('Show')
$('.addressval').show()
$('.addressval')[0].focus()
})
$(document).on('click', '.saveAddr', (e) => {
var flag=1;
for(var i=0;i<6;i++){
if(!$('.addressval')[i].value){
flag=0;
}
}
console.log(flag)
if(flag){
$('.saveAddr').addClass('editAddr').removeClass('saveAddr').text('Edit').removeClass('green').addClass('red')
$(".initialAdress").show();
$('.addressval').removeAttr('contenteditable')
$('.addressval').hide()
$('.addressval').blur()
$('.showError').hide();
location.reload()
var newAddr = "";
for(var i=5;i>=0;i--){
newAddr = $('.addressval')[i].value+', '+newAddr
}
$.post('/profile/', {
address: newAddr.substr(0, newAddr.length-1),
csrfmiddlewaretoken: $('[name="csrfmiddlewaretoken"]').val()
})
}
else{
console.log('Show all the fields')
$('.showError').show();
}
})
</script>
{% elif warden %}
<div>
<div class="section">
<!-- Icon Section -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col s6 l6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-content">
<span class="card-title">My Profile</span>
<table class="striped">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>{{ warden.name }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chamber</td>
<td>{{ warden.chamber }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Residence</td>
<td>{{ warden.residence }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Phone</td>
<td>{{ warden.phone_off }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Email</td>
<td>{{ warden.email }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hostel</td>
<td>{{ warden.hostel }}</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br><br>
</div>
{% elif hostelsuperintendent %}
<div>
<div class="section">
<!-- Icon Section -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col s6 l6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-content">
<span class="card-title">My Profile</span>
<table class="striped">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>{{ hostelsuperintendent.name }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Email</td>
<td>{{ hostelsuperintendent.email }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hostel</td>
<td>{{ hostelsuperintendent.hostel }}</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br><br>
</div>
{% endif %}
{% endblock %} | the_stack | {'hexsha': '46951ea10c1ea67495ad43f1745f2c127b80cb7c', 'size': '8719', 'ext': 'html', 'lang': 'HTML', 'max_stars_repo_path': 'swd/templates/profile.html', 'max_stars_repo_name': 'pjflux2001/swd_django', 'max_stars_repo_head_hexsha': '563ec9c7cac203a7f6848a14da00df3fd314ae3f', 'max_stars_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_stars_count': '', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_max_datetime': '', 'max_issues_repo_path': 'swd/templates/profile.html', 'max_issues_repo_name': 'pjflux2001/swd_django', 'max_issues_repo_head_hexsha': '563ec9c7cac203a7f6848a14da00df3fd314ae3f', 'max_issues_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_issues_count': '', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_max_datetime': '', 'max_forks_repo_path': 'swd/templates/profile.html', 'max_forks_repo_name': 'pjflux2001/swd_django', 'max_forks_repo_head_hexsha': '563ec9c7cac203a7f6848a14da00df3fd314ae3f', 'max_forks_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_forks_count': '', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_max_datetime': '', 'avg_line_length': '36.6344537815', 'max_line_length': '123', 'alphanum_fraction': '0.3117329969', 'original_id': '5e75c994c151d6810ad989bbc9ca468508039997e7006fc8de9f5f887c1af161'} |
The Great Time Vacuum
January 30, 2012 / Talks
Have you ever said this to yourself? "What if I could have back all that money I've spent on eating at restaurants over the years?" Replace "eating at restaurants" with whatever you want… clothes, movies, cars, you get it. So what about time? I always find myself saying "What if I could have back all that time I've spent sending emails?" I'v...
TED Talk
May 19, 2011 / Talks
By now, you've probably heard of TED Talks. What is a TED Talk? According to their website, it's "Riveting talks by remarkable people, free to the world" and their tagline is "Ideas Worth Spreading". Some of the most inspirational bits of wisdom I've ever heard have come from the TED website. You truly need to spend an hour, or day or week just listening to TED Talks. Your world will be rocked I promise.
So recently TEDx events were started which are basically local versions of TED. Nashville recently held their 2nd annual TEDx Nashville event and I was honored to be involved. Other speakers included Ashley Judd, Jill Sobule, David Mead, a brain surgeon, a rocket scientist and many more. No pressure, right? The theme was "A Sense of Wonder". I decided to talk about Help-Portrait. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9807135462760924}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '50280', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:BT5EDI2UTWKDCIFDYAZUKFOECFDZNAYI', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:8849bc8e-aaa7-48a3-b364-7b47bf287a6a>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2016, 6, 30, 21, 15, 23), 'WARC-IP-Address': '173.230.138.122', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:CJAOT52AASDK5KFKVBDU72IIEJ2C6CTG', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:c88b58ee-29da-4d99-8031-f62980490be9>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://jeremycowart.com/category/talks/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:302b01b5-6110-4649-8438-41c25d5f95d7>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '207', 'url': 'http://jeremycowart.com/category/talks/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-164-35-72.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2016-26\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2016\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03595656156539917', 'original_id': '4839cff3d3b6e903b46e56e6c5f26fd395cae0c4092ebee1dda10dbca189d97c'} |
Why need to choose educational learning software for children?
In recent years, due to the development of information technology, the computer has become an extremely important tool in everyday life. Computers are widely used not only in businesses but also in schools. Even most parents invest in computers for their children. The number of computer users is constantly increasing, computer software programs are constantly being born, upgraded, and improved. This is also the reason why children today have access to computers earlier than in previous years.
On the market, there are much different educational learning software for different age groups in children. This gives parents a variety of choices for their children. These software programs have very interesting and useful games. They stimulate students to be curious about the lesson content and capable of memorizing knowledge for longer.
Besides, the educational learning software has its special functions. The creators of these software programs have children’s knowledge. Therefore, they understand the child’s personality and needs. One of the most noticeable traits in children is their liking to interact with their surroundings. Most educational learning software allows children to interact with the touch of their hands. This interaction is of great significance in promoting and stimulating children’s brains. There are a lot of researches proving that many educational games help children learn and improve their skills in many subjects. Therefore, the games in these educational learning software programs have become an important part of a child’s learning experience. Educational learning software is also a means of connecting parents and children. Parents can keep track of their child’s learning progress. Parents will easily grasp their child’s problems and find solutions together with their children. Besides, these educational learning software applications also allow parents and children to interact with
each other. Parents can play games with their children, explore and explore new knowledge together.
In short, educational learning software has many great benefits for children. Applications of this technology are one of the useful tools for teaching children. Parents should give children a chance to access information technology early. Because this decision can bring to children a wonderful and memorable experience. Studying is no longer an obligation but rather a fun and stimulating time.
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Email của bạn sẽ không được hiển thị công khai. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.969821274280548}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '35289', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:WFCHQOY3YE2YYHVXH2BJOWXKBS5RZ5OU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:ccd4bf9d-ca0d-47f1-b747-47ac47eb4957>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2022, 9, 30, 0, 16, 5), 'WARC-IP-Address': '45.76.78.91', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:WRQEZAKJ5CKXQTO2WF3QHJJ5DY3UV4AF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:6f4e9a23-511a-4876-8e0a-0c2a656e5ba5>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://ipga.info/2021/11/27/why-need-to-choose-educational-learning-software-for-children/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f2ebaa0f-4959-4262-8896-de4071edbb3d>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '383', 'url': 'http://ipga.info/2021/11/27/why-need-to-choose-educational-learning-software-for-children/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2022-40\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September/October 2022\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-120\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.19 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.4-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05477428436279297', 'original_id': '4e543a5bab419c46f9e0a737e4f7d8c7e55622cafcd226d8d8b9b8c76181f6bb'} |
While there are still over three million lesser flamingos worldwide, their existence is increasingly threatened by the piss-poor conditions of the lakes they rely on for survival.
The vast majority of the remaining lesser flamingos, the smallest species of flamingo, live in sub-Saharan Africa. They thrive in alkaline lakes, such as Kenya’s Lake Bogoria, where their preferred food source—the phytoplankton Arthrospira fusiformis—is found in the water. This carotenoid-heavy molecule is also responsible for the flamingos’ distinctive pink coloring.
But all is not well in these African lakes, which are so saline because they don’t have any outflows, and thus don’t filter as efficiently as lakes along rivers. Their physical and chemical characteristics are changing dramatically for the worse as sewage pollution, mining waste, and other human impacts make them less habitable for the growth of Arthrospira fusiformis. Furthermore, large numbers of the flamingos are exposed to chemicals like mercury, cadmium, and arsenic, which have proven fatal to thousands of the birds.
The flamingos also rely on the lakes as a breeding ground, and if these changes continue unabated, their ability to reproduce could come into question.
To change this unfortunate trajectory, local conservationists recommend stronger conservation policies and better environmental oversight.
Flamingos are stunningly beautiful birds. It would be a devastating loss if Africa’s lesser flamingos disappeared from the lakes they’ve called home for generations. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9317010045051576}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '680833', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:XGLZDP7L6EVNVIQ55DOIHXHF6SCLD5WT', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:312757c0-fbd2-4ab9-8419-020b1ddc2c87>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 8, 18, 22, 40, 20), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.66.166', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:UNC2ZSOHJP5QKFJY2XLLIPUFN5RKAEQM', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d2288908-c68c-4777-8574-e18adc96e1db>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://earther.gizmodo.com/the-smallest-flamingo-on-earth-is-struggling-to-survive-1820841774', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:cf0d969d-d341-4955-ace4-508e7d7ea5e2>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '227', 'url': 'https://earther.gizmodo.com/the-smallest-flamingo-on-earth-is-struggling-to-survive-1820841774', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-34\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for August 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-251-180.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.28731995820999146', 'original_id': 'f1b814721b163c5e2c37353a8d9b0d064f1d9e1543e88f2d9b00a1f6bd198231'} |
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{
"name": "defer-to-connect",
"version": "1.0.1",
"description": "The safe way to handle the `connect` socket event",
"main": "index.js",
"scripts": {
"test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
},
"keywords": [
"socket",
"connect"
],
"author": "Szymon Marczak",
"license": "MIT"
}
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'b9a29675033f11cf972d8cabc7ef18fa1a15b0e8dba880a0848e10a7e41385bd'} |
Meet the man building a human zoo in China
Sarah Dean, CNNPublished 13th March 2020
(CNN) — For decades, humans have ripped up the natural landscape in Asia, chopping down trees to build luxury resorts in the most beautiful locations and caging wild animals to attract tourists.
Bangkok-based hotel architect Bill Bensley is saying "no more."
When a client approached him about designing a resort that included a zoo in Wuchuan, in southern China's Guangdong province, he flipped the idea on its head: let's cage the humans and let the exotic and endangered animals roam free.
Sounds crazy? Bensley is known for maverick ideas, so much so that he's been called the "Willy Wonka of hotel design."
At his Shinta Mani Wild resort in Cambodia guests arrive via a 380-meter zipwire over the wilderness of the South Cardamom National Park and are invited to join Wildlife Alliance anti-poaching patrols.
But he's not doing things simply for the shock factor. Bensley is a lifelong conservationist who deeply cares about what humans are doing to the planet. He's fortunate that his aptitude for design means wealthy and traditional hotel chains want a slice of his unique eco-focused creativity.
Speaking from a cafe in London's five-star Rosewood hotel, 61-year-old Bensley says the first phase of the eight-year WorldWild project, which will consist of several different top branded hotels, is expected to open in 2023.
The cages for humans will actually be 2,400 hotel rooms, with a budget of generally a million dollars per room. Let's just say the guests won't be slumming it.
However, it's not the rooms the California-native is buzzing over. He's stoked that following a meeting with the head of Southern China's Communist Party "and his entourage of 47 people," he has tacit approval on the idea of relocating abused animals from zoos all over China, to be released onto the roughly 2,000-hectare piece of land where the human zoo will be located.
"It's very complex and it's also very political," Bensley says. Right now the land is a big duck farm.
"It was on a migratory path for birds going from the Beijing area down to Australia, now we are reinstating the wetlands for them to fly through and fuel up," he explains.
To help make his vision a reality, Bensley has hired a full-time zoologist. A glimpse of his gloriously illustrated "overall masterplan" shows how the reserve will feature individual Asia, Africa and Australia savannahs for animals to live in their "natural habitats."
Zoologist James Morrison and Bensley's list of species for WorldWild is based on animals that provide the best conservation value and have the highest need: those currently in roadside zoos or the illegal wildlife trade in China -- with pangolins atop the list.
The scale-covered, house cat-sized nocturnal mammal, sometimes eaten as a delicacy in China and Vietnam and used in traditional medicines, is among the most trafficked animals in the world. The Chinese pangolin, one of eight types, is listed by the International Union for Conservation as "critically endangered," one step above being extinct in the wild.
Morrison fears the Asian species could be wiped out imminently and efforts may be focused on conserving African pangolins instead. It doesn't help that the animal's natural defense is to roll into a ball to protect itself from predators -- but for poachers, this just makes it easier to catch one and put it in a bag.
It's likely animals arriving at WorldWild will be "pretty emotionally scarred" but part of the meaning of the project is that people will see animals be rehabilitated, Morrison adds.
07 WorldWild Human Zoo
Mountain monastery: Bensley's idea for a Dzong hotel in the Asian savannah of the roughly 2000-hectare wildlife reserve is a "home of peace and serenity."
There will be disease screening at the animal arrival and rehab center for the dozens of animals they hope to rescue, including Asian golden snub-nosed monkeys, Chinese forest musk deer, elongated tortoises, white rhinos and Australian snapping turtles.
WorldWild will have exhibitions on the illegal wildlife trade and experiences such as tree top walks through a dense monkey forest and an Indigenous Australian rock painting.
Animals get access to 95% of the land, and humans the remaining 5% -- in hotels by Waldorf Astoria, the Hilton and Bensley's own Shinta Mani collection.
Changing minds
CNN goes inside the Bangkok studio of Bill Bensley, the creative mind behind some of the world's most incredible luxury resorts.
Bensley is aware China is a tough place to fight for wild animals -- especially with the powerful Chinese traditional medicine associations wanting to protect their multi-billion-dollar industry -- but with a population of more than 1.3 billion it's also somewhere he could have a tremendous impact.
"My primary reason for doing this is to educate as many Chinese as we possibly can," he says.
"That's the idea and the government is totally behind it, which is great."
He has set himself a target of changing "10 million Chinese opinions a year" and this means the gates of the human zoo will be open to more than just "rich Four Seasons" customers. He wants a 99% Chinese customer base.
As a man who rallies against hotel "greenwashing" and recently published a sustainability white paper for the hotel industry, he is honest about the dichotomy of asking people to fly to the remote, luxury resorts he designs.
"Yeah we are [asking people to travel], and we shouldn't be," Bensley says.
According to the European Investment Bank's climate survey, which gauges how citizens feel about climate change, 75% of Europeans intend to fly less in 2020. This figure increases to 94% in China.
04 WorldWild Human Zoo
Tree top sleeping: Bensley's design for a Hilton hotel at WorldWild includes greenery surrounding the guest rooms and adorning the roof of the building.
"I think the future is going to be more like the human zoo project. It's on the high speed train," Bensley forecasts.
Around the park he has also planned four different trains -- named on the masterplan as: Oriental Expresso, Tasmanian Tiger, Iron Horse and Africa Queen.
One train will service seven different whistle stops, each with a theater that's aimed at 10-15-year-old children.
"It's a theater that says things that will hit them in the heart as far as the value of wilderness, the value of wildlife, because in the Chinese language today they are a thing, to be eaten, to be owned," Bensley argues.
He concedes that asking someone to fly from, for example, Glasgow, Scotland, to stay at his 15-tent Shinta Mani Wild luxury eco-camp resort in Cambodia is not "environmentally great." However, he reasons, if he hadn't bought the corridor of rainforest -- the size of Central Park -- where it's situated 10 years ago "it would be a titanium mine now."
He hopes overseas visitors go home and spread the word about using hospitality to conserve areas that would not otherwise be conserved.
Mitigating damage
Bensley says he believes "everyone has a part to play" in climate change, with young people and their social media accounts holding huge power when it comes to shaping the future of sustainable travel.
And Instagram travelers can be a force for good when they avoid over-touristed areas and instead turn their filtered lens to places that need attention, like in Cambodia where the government is "finally starting to realize that the rainforest is something of value that people want to see instead of cutting it down and making a profit selling that wood to China," Bensley says.
The architect published his Sensible Sustainability Solutions white paper in January, sparked by a realization that as an approved designer for luxury chains he has signed countless non-disclosure agreements (NDAs) on hotel building standards and not a single one of the 300-400 page documents that lay out how a hotel should be built has sustainability written into it.
"It's a very small old boys club if you will, and for me to come out and call bulls**t on all of these I'm in danger of losing some contracts. But I don't care because it's the right thing to do," Bensley says.
02 WorldWild Human Zoo
Watering hole for humans: Plans for a Hilton Colony Lodge hotel with a 'mwamba' swimming pool see it set in the African savannah area of the reserve.
Many of the 20 suggestions in his open-source white paper are drawn from designing more than 200 high-end hotels in 27 countries.
For example, eradicating energy guzzling aircon and using cross ventilation, using natural light, planting trees, hotels growing their own vegetables or supporting local farms, replacing plastic room keys with alternatives and supplying bamboo toothbrushes and combs.
According to the white paper, a 130-room five-star hotel uses up to one ton of plastic a year -- just in amenities.
In an industry where luxury often means importing and providing to guests -- whatever the cost -- Bensely believes his background as a gardener and the son of British organic farmers means he looks at projects differently. The designs for his human zoo attest to that.
"If I'm given a piece of land that is virgin, I look at it as though no matter what we do with it -- and I'm a pretty good architect -- we are going to make it worse. So it's all about mitigating damage... How do we build with minimal intervention on the land?
"Our land is a precious resource, we can't just rip it up." | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '3', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9572254419326782}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '256865', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6JRUZXQ7JLY3RGSWON4QBGCUKE2MKTGO', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f2fba816-988f-4dab-9eea-322a47237a70>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2022, 11, 27, 3, 26, 38), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.131.5', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:M5R6M6VJR6BSV3RZGSCUDMNN4CVTZPCJ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:56120e0c-14ae-4e42-82f8-d57103ad1010>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/human-zoo-bill-bensley/index.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:d7d255dc-4755-49be-b8be-31c1997e2362>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1545', 'url': 'https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/human-zoo-bill-bensley/index.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2022-49\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November/December 2022\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-127\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.19 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.4-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.11997151374816895', 'original_id': '9d720cd309a6cb1410400ac4e38c3328ce97c4d098ed27896b28b9cffa8c1c62'} |
Effect of selenium and vitamin E supplements on tissue lipids, peroxides, and fatty acid distribution in experimental diabetes.
The protective role of selenium (Se), given as a Se-rich yeast, selenomethionine or selenomethionine + vitamin E supplement, toward changes in lipid, peroxide, and fatty acid distribution in tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, was investigated, after 24 wk of disease. Diabetes increased liver thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and conjugated dienes; Se supplement completely corrected these changes. In kidney, as in heart, the peroxide levels were not significantly changed by diabetes. In diabetic rat liver, a significant drop in triglycerides and phospholipids (P < 0.05) was observed; this was modulated by Se + vitamin E supplementation. Se + vitamin E supplementation also inhibited the decrease in 18:2n-6 and the increase in 22:6n-3 observed in liver of diabetic rats, changes which reflect altered glycemic control. In kidney, heart, and aorta, diabetes produced some changes in lipid content and fatty acid distribution, especially an increase in heart triglycerides which was also corrected by the Se supplement. Se supplementation to diabetic rats also increased 18:0 ether-linked alcohol, 20:4 n-6, and 22:5 n-3 in cardiac lipids. In aorta, Se + vitamin E significantly increased 20:5 n-3. These polyunsaturated fatty acids are precursors, in situ, of prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) and PGI3 which may protect against cardiovascular dysfunction. In kidney, conversely, Se decreased 20:4 n-6, the precursor of thromboxane A2 implicated in diabetic glomerular injury. Thus Se, and more efficiently Se + Vitamin E supplementation, in experimental diabetes could play a role in controlling oxidative status and altered lipid metabolism in liver, thereby maintaining favorable fatty acid distribution in the major tissues affected by diabetic complications. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '85241a49d27bedda5d6475eac6ed3d77efcb34c2212440c133828f877f864f28'} |
INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t1;
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Learning from the Stars
"You learn something new every day". How many times have you heard that sentence? Chances are, many many many times over the course of your lifetime you have heard those six words or some similar combination. Sometimes when we have phrases like this repeatedly, we forget or somehow stop hearing the significance in the message. Using the thesaurus in my word processor, I was able to tap into a list of twelve words which also mean "learn". There are subtle nuances to each word which may give the phrase more power or meaning to you. Here is the list, which I will give in a form where you will see the whole statement repeated, the only change being the word "LEARN". 1. You absorb something new every day. 2. You acquire something new every day. 3. You ascertain something new every day. 4. You comprehend something new every day. 5. You digest something new every day. 6. You discover something new every day. 7. You divine something new every day. 8. You glean something new every day. 9. You grasp something new every day. 10. You master something new every day. 11. You realize something new every day. 12. You understand something new every day. Which three of the statements touch you the most? Which ones ring the most true to you? Can you see the difference using those three might make in your not only hearing this truth, also knowing it and living it? In the spirit of learning something new every day, notice that in the paragraph above I purposefully engaged in using different senses to "speak" to you. I mentioned "touching" "ringing" and "seeing". That technique was used so that people who learn through different sensory experiences would all "learn something new". A lifestyle of "learning" (gleaning, discovering, understanding) something new everyday includes taking what you have gleaned and using it. It contains a spirit of application so that we can integrate the new skill into our life to increase our level of understanding. As we continue to discover new facts, as we continue to grow through new experiences, we invite others along for the journey. We bring our world into a bright shiny new context. As each day dawns, it is ripe with possibilities. It is wanting to blossom. It is asking us to partner with it. For the next week (or more) begin taking a written tally of what you are learning new each day. For example, this past Saturday I learned that Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star has five verses. I also learned that "Faust" was a drama written by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Finally, I about a new program from my friend Cathy: a way to "send my books out into the wild" thus regenerating their message through new readers. And this was all before Noon. Now you might think: "And who cares that Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star" has five verses! Well, when I look at life through the lense of Discovery, I think: "What areas in my life has verses that are yet unplayed? How might I discover those verses?" Or "What verses are my children singing every day that I am missing?" (You might put colleague, employee, spouse, best friend, neighbor in place of children). "What verses do I need to sing in order to get my big project complete?" Taking something simple like Twinkle, Twinkle and playing with it in this way really brings much more forward than is on the surface. And the joy is, when you are creating playfully, it will not take MORE of your time, the unfolding will simply partner with you as you are doing whatever you were going to do anyway! Simply try this out. Commit to learning something new. Today. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9698662161827089}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '3934', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6O5N4KNUJ65XY7MOC45GGX5NZFK6JLKG', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:07f63cb7-00a4-48d1-b7e6-7fb53b05922d>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 12, 17, 18, 50, 54), 'WARC-IP-Address': '5.19.183.8', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:RJPXX4ROWTKXBV357ARISCHOT6Y55BBN', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:60c53dff-8505-4dc8-a3e6-12a780c86ec0>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://masterilo.ru/a-46537.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:2d734fce-42a7-42be-b7cc-faae6277adb2>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '612', 'url': 'http://masterilo.ru/a-46537.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-51\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for December 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-102-177-182.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.20548653602600098', 'original_id': '10b1311dd77fa477ae849ce1c87df91fb7d56733910e670144b08806931f140d'} |
KEYWORDS
Researchers from The Saban Research Institute of Children’s Hospital Los Angeles are employing state-of-the-art animation technology, in combination with advanced optical imaging and high-resolution x-ray imaging techniques, to map the developing human lung.
To view animation, go to: ResearCHLAblog.org
Children’s Hospital Los Angeles has been awarded $4 million over five years by the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) for LungMAP, an atlas that details newborn lungs in four dimensions, and enables investigators to discover new approaches to the care of premature infants.
The fetal lung is one of the last organs of the body to become fully functional. Development of the alveolus –tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged– remains the critical factor in newborn viability as well as the origin of many childhood breathing disorders.
By employing digital image processing techniques, high-resolution scans of real lung tissues can be converted into video. According to the scientists, this novel technology will allow them to explore the composition and interaction of cells in the developing lung and to follow how the processes evolve over time.
“Human alveolar development is currently a ‘black box’ because of the challenges of being able to see alveoli as they grow,” said principal investigator David Warburton, OBE, DSc, MD, MMM, director of the Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine program at The Saban Research Institute. “Using newly optimized visualization technology we can now perform a ‘virtual bronchoscopy’ that begins in the bronchus and allows us to peer into the alveolus.”
Alveolarization begins in humans at 20 to 24 weeks gestation and continues until at least age 7. To date, much of the information about this process has come from studying histological sections of lung. The LungMAP project will acquire information from the living, functioning lung. Using novel imaging technologies, the Saban researchers will create a high-resolution, four-dimensional map that catalogs the molecular, genetic and cellular events occurring during alveolar development in mice and humans.
This video-based methodology will allow researchers to easily visualize fine details of the lung, enabling observation of the overall topography of the airway as well as revealing information about the surfaces of individual cells. The result is what co-investigator Rex Moats, PhD, calls a “Google street view” of addresses in the lung to be explored. The goal is for this map to be interactive in the same way that Google maps functions, Moats said.
“Our objectives are to radically transform our understanding of the formation of the gas exchange surface in the human lung, find new approaches to the care of premature infants, and to develop a better understanding of the numerous childhood- and adult-onset lung diseases,” said Warburton. Co-investigators and collaborators on the project include Warburton, Moats, Scott Fraser, PhD, Wei Shi, MD, PhD, Rusty Lansford, PhD, Andreas Fouras, PhD, Barbara Driscoll, PhD and David Koos, PhD.
LungMAP is a national collaboration of six sites including Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Duke University and University of Rochester, working to produce information that can be openly accessed and shared by the research community, disease advocates and interested members of the public. This research is supported by NIH grant number 1U01HL122681.
About Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Children's Hospital Los Angeles has been named the best children’s hospital on the West Coast and among the top five in the nation for clinical excellence with its selection to the prestigious U.S. News & World Report Honor Roll. Children’s Hospital is home to The Saban Research Institute, one of the largest and most productive pediatric research facilities in the United States. Children’s Hospital is also one of America's premier teaching hospitals through its affiliation since 1932 with the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California.
For more information, visit CHLA.org. Follow us on our blog http://researchlablog.org/. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '314fdb2aa489170c12db15afe4c0b7de84144274a4b837b315ddc4a66e7902bd'} |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a pre-ignition estimation/control device for an internal combustion engine, which is installed on a vehicle or the like and can prevent pre-ignition.
2. Description of the Related Art
Pre-ignition causing combustion noises and fluctuations in output may occur in a high-compression-ratio spark-ignition internal combustion engine. The pre-ignition refers to a phenomenon of an excessively large fluctuation in pressure inside a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, which results from combustion. Pre-ignition which occurs before the spark ignition is generally known. In addition to this type of pre-ignition, there are phenomena including pre-ignition in which a mixture (mixed gas of the air and a fuel) in the combustion chamber reaches high temperature by compression and is auto-ignited, and pre-ignition in which a deposit or the like at a tip of a spark plug forms a hot spot and causes ignition. Moreover, there is known a knock in which an end gas at a periphery of the combustion chamber is auto-ignited in the combustion process after the ignition.
These phenomena cause noises and vibrations as well as damages in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine may finally become no longer operable.
To address this, methods of estimating occurrence of pre-ignition based on environmental conditions and operation conditions, thereby preventing the pre-ignition, have conventionally been proposed.
In a conventional method of preventing the pre-ignition, pre-ignition, which occurs at low rotation speed, under a high load, and at high temperature, is determined based on the temperature and operation states of the internal combustion engine, and an effective compression ratio is reduced as the temperature increases, thereby preventing the pre-ignition (refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2005-76466, for example).
Moreover, in another conventional method of preventing the pre-ignition, the octane number of a fuel is estimated, and a likelihood of occurrence of the pre-ignition is determined based on the estimated octane number of the fuel, thereby preventing the pre-ignition on startup by decreasing the effective compression ratio on the startup according to the environmental temperature of the internal combustion engine (refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2009-114973, for example).
Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2005-76466 describes that the pre-ignition is prevented by decreasing the effective compression ratio according to the increase in the temperature of the internal combustion engine. However, causes of the occurrence of the pre-ignition include fuel properties in addition to the temperature in the internal combustion engine and the increase in temperature caused by the compression in the combustion chamber, and it is known that the pre-ignition occurs more frequently as the octane number of the fuel becomes low.
In view of the above, even in a case where the environmental temperature (temperature of an intake air to be introduced into the combustion chamber as an ambient temperature around the internal combustion engine, for example) is low, if the octane number of the fuel is low, pre-ignition possibly occurs. The opposite holds true, and even if the octane number is high, high environmental temperature possibly causes pre-ignition.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2009-114973 describes that a likelihood of occurrence of the pre-ignition is determined, and the pre-ignition on startup is prevented by setting the effective compression ratio on the startup according to the determination. However, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2009-114973 describes only the prevention of the pre-ignition that occurs on the startup (prevention of the pre-ignition refers to prevention of such an operation state that possibly causes the pre-ignition), and does not consider pre-ignition which occurs “after the startup”. Moreover, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2009-114973 does not consider a method of avoiding pre-ignition after the preventive operation of the pre-ignition (avoidance of pre-ignition refers to a change of an operation state to prevent pre-ignition from occurring any more when pre-ignition actually occurs). In addition, though it is assumed that the likelihood of the occurrence of the pre-ignition depends on the intake air temperature, the coolant temperature, and the octane number of the fuel, which are considered independently, the likelihood of the occurrence of the pre-ignition is not considered under a combined condition thereof. There are a plurality of conditions which cause the pre-ignition more frequently, and it is necessary to consider the respective conditions, thereby producing an index of the likelihood of the pre-ignition.
The method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2009-114973 describes that the likelihood of the pre-ignition is determined according to the octane number. When a fuel having a high octane number is used, at whatever high intake air temperature and whatever high water temperature the startup may be conducted (hot start at 50° C. of the intake air temperature and 110° C. of the water temperature in a desert, for example), control of reducing the effective compression ratio is not provided. However, even if a fuel having a high octane number (high octane fuel of 95 [RON], for example) is used, it is experimentally known that pre-ignition may occur at high intake air temperature and high water temperature. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '1b9b4633a4882aa6b7e787f99330fd5dbf5e7f3fdf923046796cec351598c72c'} |
July 24, 2011
The Power of Collagen..
by: Junji Takano
We commonly hear the word “collagen”. For most people, wrinkle cream is the first thing that comes to mind upon hearing this word. Collagen products are hitting the world market. What makes collagen so popular?
Collagen is an Important Type of Protein
Fibrous collagen is one of the most abundant proteins present in the bodies of mammals including humans. Collagen acts just like glue that binds the body altogether including the skin, muscles, internal organs, bones, eyes, and hair.
Without collagen, the body would literally fall apart. In fact, 20% of our body is made up of protein, and one third of it is collagen. Collagen is therefore very important in sustaining life. Lack of collagen due to age or lack of food intake will lead to weakening of our body, which results to weak bones, wrinkles, and poor eyesight.
Collagen is Used in Many Medical and Cosmetic Treatments
Local markets are being flooded with collagen products, including collagen health supplements, collagen drinks, collagen cooking products, collagen beauty products, and collagen jelly products. For sure, new collagen-related products will surface every week that will overflood the world markets.
Collagen SoapCollagen Soap
The use of collagen soap for beauty and skin care is gaining popularity worldwide.
Collagen Foods
You can also find collagen-filled meat products for your fancy cooking set in the market.
Pig (swine) leg, gelatine, jelly, beef muscle, fried chicken cartilage, chicken skin, fish skin, and shark fin, are among the foods that contain the most collagen.
What will happen if there's lack of collagen in skin?
Collagen is responsible for what your skin looks like. When there's lack of collagen in the skin, the skin will get thinner. Gradually, the tissues and capillaries of the skin thicken, which reduces the skin's ability to retain water and nutrients. Therefore, the skin will have an increased risk of developing wrinkles, stretch marks, and infections. Its color and pigmentation will change and brown spots will eventually appear. Because the skin is less healthy, their ability to serve as a barrier against bacteria and viruses is reduced.
Collagen also serves as a raw material in the development of organs. Lack of collagen is also the cause of thinner hair and brittle or weak bones, leading to osteoporosis. It is because the collagen itself that keeps these structures strong, elastic, and resilient.
What will happen if there's lack of collagen in blood vessels?
Blood vessels must be strong and healthy, otherwise abnormalities in our body will occur. Collagen plays a major role in the growth and repair of blood vessels. Lack of collagen will lead to weak blood vessels due to cholesterol buildup. It is also life-threatening as there's a higher risk of getting cerebral hemorrhage, stroke, and heart attack.
The Bottom Line Here is...
Collagen may not be a material that directly heals or cures some diseases, but it is an important nutrient that keeps the body fit and healthy.
You can find and discover more of some cosmetic or medicinal properties out of collagen as what many pharmaceutical companies are doing.
About the Author:
In 1968, he invented PYRO-ENERGEN,
Click here to find out more: http://www.pyroenergen.com/about.htm
Free health newsletter: http://www.pyroenergen.com/newsletter.htm
1 comment:
Cookware said...
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Sunday, August 21, 2016
Italians say, “No, thanks!” to more tourists
While everyone knows how important tourism is for Italy, the steadily growing number of visitors in some of Italy’s most beautiful locations is actually causing serious problems (and plenty of protests from residents). As crowds increase (and people’s behavior worsens), locals are losing patience with mass tourism, which many feel is ruining their cities. Although Italians are quite aware that tourism is the country’s leading service industry, and for many people it pays the bills, they are also concerned that if the trend of exponential growth continues, it will become unsustainable.
Places like the Cinque Terre, which have become one of the iconic seaside locations on travelers’ bucket lists, receive up to 2.5 million visitors each year. That is an overwhelming number for a place with only 5,000 residents and a geographically restricted surface area - these 5 small towns occupy 43 square kilometres (17 square miles) which are perched on terraced mountain slopes that plunge into the Mediterranean Sea. The result is that the crowds create a human traffic jam, clogging the villages, trains, ferries and even the natural hiking paths.
Venice is no better off, with about 20 million visitors a year and 270,000 residents. Florence definitely feels the crunch as well, with its 350,000 inhabitants hosting approximately 16 million tourists annually. Recent episodes of vandalism and indecent behavior by tourists has added to the discontent. As the crowds increase, it seems that the sophistication of tourists declines. From swimming in the Grand Canal, to urinating in the courtyard of Palazzo Vecchio, manifestations of sheer ignorance and disrespect have become all too commonplace, and cases of disorderly conduct, drunkenness and defacing public property (including historical monuments) are on the rise.
Florence's Piazza dei Giudici becomes a beach... (photo: La Nazione)
How local authorities should handle the situation is not so clear. Some officials have talked about increasing tourist taxes and entrance fees (as well as charging them where up to now it has been free), limiting numbers for access to monuments, etc. While these measures might have some influence, they don’t promise to solve the problem of numbers, especially in those places where tour buses, and even worse, cruise ships, deposit their hordes of “day-tripping” visitors. As Vittorio Alessandro, president of the Cinque Terre National Park, so aptly put it: dealing with cruise ship crowds is like "organising a party at your house with no idea of how many people are going to turn up… Sustainable tourism is something that benefits the area, the host and the visitor. But a tourism that is so quick and frantic leaves nothing to the territory."
This is also a huge problem in Venice, where there is the additional danger of the damage these huge ships can (and do) cause to the delicate canal structure. Exasperated locals are voicing their discontent more and more, increasing the risk of episodes of intolerance by more extremist groups.
Unfortunately, efforts to curb the number of cruise ships admitted to the popular destinations continue to fail because local governments seem unable to resist the financial draw of these lucrative vessels. As they greedily fill their coffers, they continue to blindly ignore the critical situation that is building on the shore.
The more astute members of the tourism industry know that it’s better to focus on the quality of the visitors, rather than the quantity. This is not to be interpreted as an elitist attitude, since all socio-economic categories can represent high-quality tourism. The point is to focus on promoting culture, and drawing more respectful visitors. People who visit one of Italy’s monuments with the sole purpose of taking a selfie or, even worse, leaving their signature on one of the artworks to prove they were there, are not the kind of tourists any country needs.
The devastation made to Bernini's Fountain in Rome by Dutch hooligans.
While it might seem to be a contradiction, large numbers of visitors don’t always mean big profits for local merchants. In fact, one of the negative aspects of mass tourism is that it actually harms businesses. Here in Italy they have coined a term for it: “turismo mordi e fuggi” (literally, bite and run tourism) - while in English it is popularly known as “carbon footprint” tourism. In general, tourists are staying fewer days and spending less and less during their visits - both in terms of shopping and services. Cruise ship visitors are even more likely to “take without giving” - as they don’t seek meals or accommodations, and most of the services they use do not benefit local providers.
Traveling on a shoestring is on the rise, so merchants have had to invent strategies to combat the new low cost phenomenon. There is an inflation of panini venues, selling cheap, quick alternatives to a sit down lunch, and shops or stands filled with trivial gadgets (NOT Made in Italy and often counterfeit) which have cropped up like mushrooms.
Everyday there are fewer places where you can find good quality, reasonably priced authentic Italian products. Only the high-end designer goods (for which Italy in particular is famous) are holding out - but they have become totally out of reach for the middle-class customer.
The result is a decline in quality travel for everyone; the tourist and the host. This is why it is important to address and promote the idea of sustainable tourism, where the focus of travel is to come away with something more meaningful than a digital photo and another stamp on your passport.
1 comment:
1. Brava! Unfortunately, one of the key phrases in your piece is "as...people’s behavior worsens". As a tourist, I've been appalled, and embarrassed, to see what some people do and say to locals. As someone who lives in country where money seems to be the driving force behind everything that does and does not happen at the governmental level, I find it disheartening to see the same thing happening elsewhere. It's difficult to understand why people don't realize what they are risking and sacrificing. If Italy continues down this path with regard to tourism, it is, sadly, going to lose much of what makes it such a special place. There are better, more balanced ways, but one must have the will and the strength to make those changes. Unfortunately, in some places thus far, Italy's officials do not seem interested in doing so. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9617632627487184}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '79517', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:IQTCG7OAN5F4XG7ZE35R4MQBLTJAL4KA', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:61a8e4c3-b40d-4866-89eb-e15f61a7f57b>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 3, 1, 17, 47, 16), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.2.193', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5JZVEVVXWWWOPJHCRAOFMJDJP3NUJARR', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:0ae891f8-40b2-41cf-804a-905e1463bf25>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://newtuscanexperience.blogspot.com/2016/08/italians-say-no-thanks-to-more-tourists.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:4189369b-4189-458c-9e82-149f4cb07c13>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1051', 'url': 'http://newtuscanexperience.blogspot.com/2016/08/italians-say-no-thanks-to-more-tourists.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-09\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February 2017\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.07144832611083984', 'original_id': '885547a9fca5dbfc7e2ee58e67d798df9d7c7989ac85e486a1b557b94a3b22de'} |
#
# Setup the CUDA enviroment
#
# Authors: Michele Rosso, Axel Huebl
# Date : April 4, 2019
#
#
include_guard(GLOBAL)
include(CMakeDependentOption)
#
# Define a macro to print active options
#
macro (cuda_print_option _var)
if (${_var})
message( STATUS " ${_var}")
endif ()
endmacro ()
get_property(_lang GLOBAL PROPERTY ENABLED_LANGUAGES)
if (NOT ("CUDA" IN_LIST _lang ))
message(WARNING "AMReX_SetupCUDA will not be processed because CUDA language has not been enabled.")
return()
endif ()
#
# Makes sure the CUDA host compiler and CXX compiler are the same.
# CMake lets you decide which host compiler to use via the env variable
# CUDAHOSTCXX and the CMake variable CMAKE_CUDA_HOST_COMPILER.
# For the time being we force the CUDA host compiler to be the C++ compiler.
#
# Note: just comparing the CMAKE_..._COMPILER vars is not sufficient and raises
# false negatives on e.g. /usr/bin/g++-8 and /usr/bin/c++
# Note: blocked by https://gitlab.kitware.com/cmake/cmake/-/issues/20901
#
if (CMAKE_CUDA_HOST_COMPILER)
if (NOT "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}" STREQUAL "${CMAKE_CUDA_HOST_COMPILER}")
if (NOT "$ENV{CUDAHOSTCXX}" STREQUAL "" OR NOT "$ENV{CXX}" STREQUAL "")
message(WARNING "CUDA host compiler "
"(${CMAKE_CUDA_HOST_COMPILER}) "
"does not match the C++ compiler "
"(${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER})! "
"Consider setting the CXX and CUDAHOSTCXX environment "
"variables.")
endif ()
endif ()
endif ()
#
# CUDA-related options
#
message(STATUS "Enabled CUDA options:")
set(CUDA_ARCH "Auto" CACHE STRING "CUDA architecture (Use 'Auto' for automatic detection)")
option(ENABLE_CUDA_FASTMATH "Enable CUDA fastmath" ON)
cuda_print_option( ENABLE_CUDA_FASTMATH )
set(CUDA_MAX_THREADS "256" CACHE STRING
"Maximum number of CUDA threads per block" )
message( STATUS " CUDA_MAX_THREADS = ${CUDA_MAX_THREADS}")
set(CUDA_MAXREGCOUNT "255" CACHE STRING
"Limit the maximum number of registers available" )
message( STATUS " CUDA_MAXREGCOUNT = ${CUDA_MAXREGCOUNT}")
# if this works well and does not add too much compile-time we should enable it by default
cmake_dependent_option(CUDA_LTO "Enable CUDA link-time-optimization" OFF
"CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 11.0.167" OFF)
cuda_print_option(CUDA_LTO)
# this warns on a typical user bug when developing on (forgiving) Power9 machines (e.g. Summit)
cmake_dependent_option(CUDA_WARN_CAPTURE_THIS
"Warn if a CUDA lambda captures a class' this" ON
"CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 11.0.194" OFF)
# no code should ever ship -Werror, but one can turn this on manually in CI if one likes
cmake_dependent_option(CUDA_ERROR_CAPTURE_THIS
"Error if a CUDA lambda captures a class' this" OFF
"CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 11.0.194" OFF)
cuda_print_option(CUDA_WARN_CAPTURE_THIS)
cuda_print_option(CUDA_ERROR_CAPTURE_THIS)
# makes things more robust for -Xcompiler pre-fixing unknown nvcc flags
# note: available with NVCC 10.2.89+; default in CMake 3.17.0+ for supporting NVCCs
# https://gitlab.kitware.com/cmake/cmake/-/blob/v3.17.0/Modules/Compiler/NVIDIA-CUDA.cmake
cmake_dependent_option(CUDA_FORWARD_UNKNOWN_FLAGS_HOST
"Forward unknown NVCC flags to the host compiler" ON
"CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 10.2.89;CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.17" OFF)
option(CUDA_PTX_VERBOSE "Verbose code generation statistics in ptxas" OFF)
cuda_print_option(CUDA_PTX_VERBOSE)
option(CUDA_COMPILATION_TIMER "Generate CSV table with time for each compilation phase" OFF)
cuda_print_option(CUDA_COMPILATION_TIMER)
# not a good default-candidate for CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug": often does not
# compile at all, is very sensitive to further set options, or compiles super slowly;
# im some cases, such as recursive function usage, apps need to increase
# `cudaLimitStackSize` in order to not stack overflow with device debug symbols
# (this costs some extra DRAM).
option(CUDA_DEBUG "Generate debug information for device code (optimizations: off)" OFF)
cuda_print_option(CUDA_DEBUG)
set(_CUDA_PERF_NEUTRAL_DEBUG OFF)
if ("${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" MATCHES "Debug" OR "${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" MATCHES "RelWithDebInfo")
set(_CUDA_PERF_NEUTRAL_DEBUG ON)
endif ()
# both are performance-neutral debug symbols
option(CUDA_SHOW_LINENUMBERS "Generate line-number information (optimizations: on)"
${_CUDA_PERF_NEUTRAL_DEBUG})
option(CUDA_SHOW_CODELINES "Generate source information in PTX (optimizations: on)"
${_CUDA_PERF_NEUTRAL_DEBUG})
cuda_print_option(CUDA_SHOW_LINENUMBERS)
cuda_print_option(CUDA_SHOW_CODELINES)
option(CUDA_BACKTRACE "Generate host function symbol names (better cuda-memcheck)" ${CUDA_DEBUG})
cuda_print_option(CUDA_BACKTRACE)
option(CUDA_KEEP_FILES "Keep intermediately generated files (folder: nvcc_tmp)" OFF)
cuda_print_option(CUDA_KEEP_FILES)
#
# Error if NVCC is too old
#
if (CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS "8.0")
message(FATAL_ERROR "Your nvcc version is ${CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER_VERSION}."
"This is unsupported. Please use CUDA toolkit version 8.0 or newer.")
endif ()
#
# Find cuda flags for target architecture. If CUDA_ARCH is not set by the user,
# autodetection is enabled
#
include(FindCUDA/select_compute_arch)
cuda_select_nvcc_arch_flags(_nvcc_arch_flags ${CUDA_ARCH})
#
# Remove unsupported architecture: anything less the 6.0 must go
#
string(REPLACE "-gencode;" "-gencode=" _nvcc_arch_flags "${_nvcc_arch_flags}")
foreach (_item IN LISTS _nvcc_arch_flags)
# Match one time the regex [0-9]+.
# [0-9]+ means any number between 0 and 9 will be matched one or more times (option +)
string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+" _cuda_compute_capability "${_item}")
if (_cuda_compute_capability LESS 60)
message(STATUS "Ignoring unsupported CUDA architecture ${_cuda_compute_capability}")
list(REMOVE_ITEM _nvcc_arch_flags ${_item})
endif ()
endforeach ()
if (CUDA_LTO)
# we replace
# -gencode=arch=compute_NN,code=sm_NN
# with
# -gencode=arch=compute_NN,code=lto_NN
set(_nvcc_arch_flags_org ${_nvcc_arch_flags})
foreach (_item IN LISTS _nvcc_arch_flags_org)
string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+" _cuda_compute_capability "${_item}")
string(REPLACE "code=sm_${_cuda_compute_capability}"
"code=lto_${_cuda_compute_capability}"
_nvcc_arch_flags "${_nvcc_arch_flags}")
endforeach ()
endif ()
if (NOT _nvcc_arch_flags)
message(FATAL_ERROR "the given target CUDA architectures are not supported by AMReX")
endif ()
#
# Set architecture-dependent flags
#
string(REPLACE ";" " " _nvcc_arch_flags "${_nvcc_arch_flags}")
set(NVCC_ARCH_FLAGS ${_nvcc_arch_flags} CACHE INTERNAL "CUDA architecture-dependent flags")
unset(_nvcc_arch_flags)
# CUDA compiler is in the form CUDA_HOME/bin/compiler-name
# Remove bin/compiler-name to get CUDA HOME
get_filename_component(_cuda_home ${CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER} DIRECTORY) # remove compiler from path
get_filename_component(_cuda_home ${_cuda_home} DIRECTORY) # remove bin/ from path
set( CUDA_HOME ${_cuda_home} CACHE INTERNAL "Path to CUDA library")
unset(_cuda_home)
#
# Set CUDA version variables
#
string( REPLACE "." ";" _cuda_compiler_version ${CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER_VERSION})
list( GET _cuda_compiler_version 0 _nvcc_version_major )
list( GET _cuda_compiler_version 1 _nvcc_version_minor )
set(NVCC_VERSION_MAJOR "${_nvcc_version_major}" CACHE INTERNAL "CUDA compiler version (major)")
set(NVCC_VERSION_MINOR "${_nvcc_version_minor}" CACHE INTERNAL "CUDA compiler version (minor)")
# We gotta set CUDA flags globally since there is no other way at this time to pass CUDA flags to
# device linking stage
if (NOT (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "Windows" ) )
# CUDA only supports 64bit builds on windows ( 32bit builds are deprecated ).
# Thus the option "--machine 64" is being set by the msbuild configuration.
# For Linux and MAC, we need to enforce that manually
set(CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS} -m64")
endif ()
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " --expt-relaxed-constexpr --expt-extended-lambda")
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " -Wno-deprecated-gpu-targets ${NVCC_ARCH_FLAGS}")
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " -maxrregcount=${CUDA_MAXREGCOUNT}")
# This is to work around a bug with nvcc, see: https://github.com/kokkos/kokkos/issues/1473
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " -Xcudafe --diag_suppress=esa_on_defaulted_function_ignored")
if (ENABLE_CUDA_FASTMATH)
set(CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS} --use_fast_math")
endif ()
#
# Print numbers for warnings and errors
#
set(CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS} -Xcudafe --display_error_number")
#
# CUDA specific warnings
#
if (CUDA_WARN_CAPTURE_THIS)
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " --Wext-lambda-captures-this")
endif()
if (CUDA_ERROR_CAPTURE_THIS)
# note: prefer double-dash --Werror!
# https://github.com/ccache/ccache/issues/598
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " --Werror ext-lambda-captures-this")
endif()
#
# Forward unknown NVCC flags to the host compiler
#
if (CUDA_FORWARD_UNKNOWN_FLAGS_HOST)
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " --forward-unknown-to-host-compiler")
endif()
#
# Code generation
#
if (CUDA_PTX_VERBOSE)
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " --ptxas-options=-v")
endif()
# keep intermediately generated files
if (CUDA_KEEP_FILES)
make_directory("${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/nvcc_tmp")
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " --keep --keep-dir ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/nvcc_tmp")
endif ()
# compilation timings
if (CUDA_COMPILATION_TIMER)
file(REMOVE "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/nvcc_timings.csv")
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " --time ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/nvcc_timings.csv")
endif ()
#
# Debugging
#
if (CUDA_DEBUG)
# is this unsupported with MSVC?
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " -G")
endif()
if (CUDA_SHOW_LINENUMBERS AND NOT CUDA_DEBUG)
# nvcc warning : '--device-debug (-G)' overrides '--generate-line-info (-lineinfo)'
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " --generate-line-info")
endif ()
if (CUDA_SHOW_CODELINES)
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " --source-in-ptx")
endif ()
if (CUDA_BACKTRACE)
if (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "Windows")
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " -Xcompiler /Zi") # comes with Debug & RelWithDebInfo
else ()
string(APPEND CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS " -Xcompiler -rdynamic")
endif ()
endif ()
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'e743ef7dac3e427869ac0c9fa0438782277a0978b309a5dbe99ebe36f4ca2716'} |
I have a few friends who do courier or delivery service on motorcycles. While their practice of illegally parking, or riding on pavements are frowned upon, most of them do not have a choice. Looking at things from their perspective may help in understanding the situation a bit.
1) if they deliver late, their dockets get forfeited or reduced.
2) If they get complaints, their dockets get forfeited or reduced, or worse, they are told not to come back to work.
3) In their job, time is of the essence. It can be as much as 5-10 minute time saving if they parked on the pavement and do quick delivery than to turn around in a carpark looking for a proper lot to park. Usually they take their delivery, get on the bike which is parked on the pavement next to the main road and go.
4) Some places tend to have jams at the carpark entrances, i.e. Plaza Singapura. Some of you probably know that once the carpark at PS is full, cars cannot enter, and they block up the whole road leading to the carpark. Imagine now if a delivery rider is to wait to enter, how many dockets will he be forfeiting?
5) Certain places, i.e. Great World City in the video, do not allow bike parking in their carparks.
If you asked any of those doing the delivery, why do they do these things knowing that it is illegal, they will tell you they would not do it if they have a choice. They already earn peanuts, and if they get fined, that’s a lot of earnings lost. But to them, not being able to deliver on time is worse, because they may lose their jobs, customers will complain, bosses will complain etc. They are all given time limits to deliver their stuff, and the system that calculates the estimated time taken doesn’t account for things like jams and accidents. So, cut them some slack. Afterall, they are the ones working so you can stay in your homes to eat food that is cooked somewhere else.
For those reckless ones that knock people down, i have nothing good to say about them. But i do know a lot of good ones that aren’t reckless.
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Bottle Of Wine Inside Luggage Smashed Into Pieces On Flight To SG
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Josh Miller/CNET
The Trump administration on Tuesday sent a draft of proposed legislation to Congress that would give the government authority to take measures against any drones that are deemed a threat.
As reported by the New York Times, the proposal would allow authorities to track, hack, control and destroy any drones over US soil. This would include quadcopters intended for consumers, such as those made by DJI, Parrot and Yuneec.
In recent years, small remote-controlled aircraft have caused problems flying close to airplanes. One even crashed onto the lawn of the Whitehouse.
The Whitehouse did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
The proposed legislation is below: | mini_pile | {'original_id': '4ddddbade6b417629bd2c8c0df90ba1423965e51aaf083d7696b5a06bc1175a1'} |
What Type of Planet is Mars?
“What type of planet is Mars?” is a question that many readers ask. Mars is one of the four terrestrial planets. Mercury, Venus, and Earth are the other three. All of the terrestrial planets are made up of rock and metals. The remaining planets are classified as the outer gas giants.
All of the terrestrial planets have the same basic structure: core, mantle, crust; although each layer differs in thickness depending on the planet. Mercury has an average density of 5.43 g/cm3. Earth is the only planet more dense than Mercury. Mercury most likely has a liquid core that is mostly an iron-nickel alloy. The core accounts for as much as three-fourths of the planet’s radius. There are no numbers available for how thick the mantle and core are. Venus has a crust that extends 10-30 km below the surface. After that, the mantle reaches to a depth of some 3,000 km. The planetary core is a liquid iron-nickel alloy. Average planet density is 5.240 g/cm3.
Even though we live on Earth, not everyone is aware of its density and the depth of the various layers of our home world. The crust thickness averages 30 km for land masses and 5 kilometers for seabeds. The mantle extends on to an additional depth of 2,900 km. The core begins at a depth of around 5,100 km and is in two distinct parts: the outer core of liquid iron-nickel alloy and the inner core which is a solid alloy of iron-nickel. Average planet density is 5.520 g/cm3. The final terrestrial planet is Mars. Mars is roughly one-half the diameter of Earth, which leads scientists to speculate that the core has cooled and solidified. The depth of the crust and mantle are not known for sure, but the average planet density is 3.930 g/cm3. While there are only four terrestrial planets in our Solar System, here is a report on how NASA is trying to find more in other star systems.
Since we are talking specifically about Mars, we will talk about the composition of the planet’s surface material. There are hundreds of volcanoes on the surface of Mars. Several are regarded as the tallest mountains in the Solar System. Without plate tectonics, these volcanoes erupted for millions of years. Those massive eruptions explain why the entire surface is covered in basalt that is high in iron content. The iron content in the basalt has interacted with the Martian atmosphere and oxidized. The iron oxide explains why the entire Martian surface is coated in a reddish dust.
Answering ”what type of planet is Mars” took us on a little bit of a tangent. Hopefully, it is a tangent that will inspire you to find out more about the Red Planet.
We have written many articles about Mars for Universe Today. Here’s an article about the gravity on Mars, and here’s an article about the size of Mars.
| dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '26', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.936275839805603}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '300715', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:Z3RZ5FF5J24LUXEYO5KVHITFI5BS2R66', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:5ba18af0-70cd-46e4-8769-e1fc8d5130f6>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 7, 15, 19, 32, 42), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.27.149.123', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:SFBOKDFFW2THCDCEMUSFTQJEKXRRLBYU', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f4a34403-8c4b-4c5a-855a-4e6a07ac6769>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.universetoday.com/66473/what-type-of-planet-is-mars/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:175735ef-a996-499f-a339-8da52982a82c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '531', 'url': 'https://www.universetoday.com/66473/what-type-of-planet-is-mars/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-29\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-244.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.25325578451156616', 'original_id': '78230ca7ee358040eab5aa7291706220f2057805bf459a096ceefea27d84adce'} |
Polish validation of the TEMPS-A: the profile of affective temperaments in a college student population.
The TEMPS-A scale is a self-evaluation measure to assess five affective temperaments: depressive, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable and anxious. The scale has already been validated in over 10 languages. In this paper, the first report on the validation of the Polish version of TEMPS-A is presented. The TEMPS-A questionnaire version that includes 110 questions has been adapted following the translation-back translation methodology from English to Polish, checked by the originators of the five scales (H.S.A., K.K.A.). In the next step, the Polish version of TEMPS-A was administered to 521 Polish undergraduate students. Internal consistency of temperamental scales was measured with Cronbach-alpha coefficients. Correlation among the temperaments was examined using Pearson's bivariate correlation. Differences between sexes were tested with ANOVA. The Cronbach-alpha and the Kuder-Richardson 20 reliability coefficients for the depressive, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable and anxious temperaments were between 0.69 and 0.83. The percentage of subjects whose Z-scores were above 2 SD, was the highest among depressive (4%) and anxious (3.5%) temperaments, followed by the cyclothymic (2.9%), hyperthymic (1%), and irritable (0.6%). The strongest positive correlations between the temperamental scales were found between depressive and anxious, as well as between cyclothymic and irritable ones (correlation coefficients 0.63 and 0.57, respectively). Male subjects attained significantly higher scores for hyperthymic temperament, compared to females, while females scored significantly higher than males on cyclothymic and anxious temperaments. Our healthy young subjects are not representative of the Polish population. As external validation has been achieved in other language versions, it was not repeated in the present Polish version. The Polish version of TEMPS-A has a good internal consistency. The findings generally cohere with those from previously validated versions in other languages. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'db4eab4cee3247e71a328cbcd1dd3ed1b51a21fdc2742c667ae1e8d4b7acea19'} |
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Sorry if the questions still answered but i can´t find them on first sight.
1. I made the verium ico 2 like in the description. I was told that the verium will send to me after running mainnet. But how will my verium wallet will know that i made the ICO?
2.I installed the verium testnet wallet yesterday. After installation i was asked if i want to implement an existig wallet. I choosed "no" because didn´t have and there is no such a wallet. Was this right or did i have to implement my existing vericoin wallet
Sorry if the questions still answered but i can´t find them on first sight.
1. I made the verium ico 2 like in the description. I was told that the verium will send to me after running mainnet. But how will my verium wallet will know that i made the ICO?
2.I installed the verium testnet wallet yesterday. After installation i was asked if i want to implement an existig wallet. I choosed "no" because didn´t have and there is no such a wallet. Was this right or did i have to implement my existing vericoin wallet
Thanks for your help
tortellino
When you participated in the ICO, you put in in a VeriCoin address that you have the private key to. You will take that private key and import it to the Verium wallet when it's launched. Your coins will be sent before the wallet is posted.
You don't want to/need to use your existing VRC wallet. Just import the address private key you used for the ICO.
Support the VeriFund Endowment.VRC: VFEndownxxnHea9mv59kZx8c7TysGbndYx
@pnosker: o.k. understand. But i made 2 ICO buys, one in the beginning and one a few days later. so i have stored 2 VRC adresses/public keys for each of my orders. It doesn´t matter that i made two ICO adresses?
@pnosker: o.k. understand. But i made 2 ICO buys, one in the beginning and one a few days later. so i have stored 2 VRC adresses/public keys for each of my orders. It doesn´t matter that i made two ICO adresses?
Kind regards
You'll just have to import 2 wallet private keys into the Verium wallet.
we are preparing a fresh testnet, with optimized parameters and bugs squashed. We are also setting up a dns-seeder on second testnet to aid with connectivity. If all goes well this be the final parameters for mainnet Verium which will be launched after we run some tests on second testnet. This we be a fresh testnet chain, so if you want to try to mine on it again you are welcome. New wallets will be posted with these final parameters on vericoin.info/ico.html when they are ready. Key parameter change that will effect mining is we are dropping the memory requirement from 256MB to 128MB, to support older and hyperthreaded systems, speed syncing and loading the block index. This is still a very hard memory so won't advantage gpus or asics in any significant way.As a reference this likely final memory requirement is exactly 1000x more memory hard than standard scrypt. So we may end up calling it mega-scrypt.in this context standard scrypt would be kilo-scryptstandard scrypt is 128kb memory requirement
we are preparing a fresh testnet, with optimized parameters and bugs squashed. We are also setting up a dns-seeder on second testnet to aid with connectivity. If all goes well this be the final parameters for mainnet Verium which will be launched after we run some tests on second testnet. This we be a fresh testnet chain, so if you want to try to mine on it again you are welcome. New wallets will be posted with these final parameters on vericoin.info/ico.html when they are ready. Key parameter change that will effect mining is we are dropping the memory requirement from 256MB to 128MB, to support older and hyperthreaded systems, speed syncing and loading the block index. This is still a very hard memory so won't advantage gpus or asics in any significant way.As a reference this likely final memory requirement is exactly 1000x more memory hard than standard scrypt. So we may end up calling it mega-scrypt.in this context standard scrypt would be kilo-scryptstandard scrypt is 128kb memory requirement
How bout Ultra Mega Hard Scrypt ;-P
Sounds awesome, lots of people are looking forward to the mainnet wallet. Any word from polo or bitter on a VRC/VRM trading pair?
We are reconfiguring our supernodes for testnet2 as they have been giving us problems. So holding off till later on testnet2 launch till the supernodes are behaving properly. If you have any testnet 1 clients up feel free to take them down. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '11342f23c41a71f9de4c26982348a7353b9c449fbba3deebd29d454af12fb4ea'} |
What can a drug attorney help with?
Getting in trouble is something we all try not to do. What happens when you find yourself being accused of something and you don’t know where to turn? A drug attorney can help you make the right decisions to keep yourself out of jail and out of trouble.
There are a number of reasons to speak to a drug attorney even if you feel it is not worth the time and money. A criminal defence lawyer can help clear your name without making it everyone else’s business. The idea of being discreet is one thing that a drug attorney thrives at, their clients do not want their reputations destroyed. They can get you in and out of court faster than you would be able to do on your own. They know the ins and outs of the system and can ensure the shortest amount of time away from work or your family.
Many career opportunities require you have no criminal record when working for them. By using a drug attorney you can have them back you up and lessen the charges when being questioned about your case. You can be given the chance to keep your current job with lessened charges or make it easier for you to pass admissions when looking for new employment elsewhere. With a minimal sentence you have more of a chance of maintaining your reputation and career path. A minimal fine is something a drug attorney can aid with as well.
Many court cases and charges can be extremely hard to understand when spoken in legal jargon. Their are restrictions, charges, accountability, and other topics that may be hard to understand when trying to figure them out yourself. A drug attorney can help you figure out what your being charged with, how to fix it, and maintain your good standing when your finished up in court. Drugs besides alcohol are found in 16% of all vehicle crashes, if you find yourself catching a dui you are not alone.
There is so much paperwork involved in the court system. A drug attorney can take care of all the paper work needed and keep it all organised and ready to go at a moments notice. If you have other parties that need to be spoken with and papers collected from them you can have your lawyer get it all done for you which makes everything much easier in your time of need. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9710122346878052}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '28734', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:UXJZZIYPBJ7G4BC3PBIQCQLV62IGFSRU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:cc2e0968-03c5-401c-98f7-b220c3d27fee>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 26, 10, 17, 4), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.131.87.183', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:2T43D7LZNKTRWDOD3PRWDO7VODZ6LMV2', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:90bf5ecb-c5b8-4a6d-8975-958d3f25aa54>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://legalbusinessnews.net/what-can-a-drug-attorney-help-with/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:d7d3e491-9d70-4c43-8688-9ff44e1a5666>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '412', 'url': 'https://legalbusinessnews.net/what-can-a-drug-attorney-help-with/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-142\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.08682513236999512', 'original_id': '556179f85a706a94189a0bbc89770eb4c17ddc3d0b8b678a7bc44ecb2fde06a2'} |
On a range of issues, including immigration, climate change, health care, the economy and more, the Democratic candidates were unabashed in their enthusiasm for more government activism, signaling not only differences with President Trump but also with a more cautious approach by Democratic politicians of the past two decades.
Whether the Democrats put their best face forward was another question, however. The debate was often marred by squabbling, interruptions, and candidates talking over one another and ignoring time limits. The often fractious tone highlighted the stakes for many of those on the stage who have struggled for attention during the first months of the campaign.
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Wednesday’s encounter, hosted by NBC, MSNBC and Telemundo and featuring five moderators, was the first of two Democratic debates this week. The second will be on Thursday and will feature more of the candidates in the top tier, including former vice president Joe Biden and Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.), who have ranked first and second in most recent polls.
Wednesday’s debate was not a warm-up for Thursday’s session. Nor was it an undercard event in advance of the main attraction, as the Republicans staged during the 2016 campaign. Among the 10 politicians on the stage, there were plenty of strong résumés and experienced politicians.
Instead, Wednesday’s debate served to open a new and important phase in the campaign for the Democratic nomination, after six months of town halls (televised and otherwise), house parties, church visits, constituency group meetings and occasional skirmishing. In that sense, it provided viewers with their best opportunity to date to evaluate not just the candidates seeking the party’s nomination but also the party’s overall shifts in recent years.
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The economy described by the candidates bore little resemblance to the economy the president speaks about on an almost daily basis. At a time when unemployment is at a half-century low and the stock market continues to rise, the Democrats spoke of the imbalance between giant corporations and wealthy individuals and working families who candidates said are being taken advantage of.
“When you’ve got an economy that does great for those with money and isn’t doing great for everyone else, that is corruption, pure and simple,” said Sen. Elizabeth Warren (Mass.), who is one of the leading voices pushing the party to the left. “We need to call it out. We need to attack it head on.”
Warren was far from the only candidate who offered that diagnosis of the economy. The Democrats might have differed on some of the specifics of how to attack the problem — such as the potential breakup of big tech companies — but there was widespread agreement that Democrats in the White House would seek to redistribute power and the fruits of the economy.
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“At the end of the day, we have too much of a problem with corporate power growing,” Sen. Cory Booker (N.J.) said. “We see that with everything, from Citizens United and the way they’re trying to influence Washington. It’s about time that we have a president that fights for the people in this country.”
On health care, Democrats differed over whether the path to universal coverage should mean Medicare-for-all and an end to private insurance or be accomplished on a more piecemeal basis. But all signaled a new aggressiveness on the part of their party to move beyond the Affordable Care Act that was one of the prime successes of the administration of former president Barack Obama.
Immigration produced some of the sharpest exchanges, as former housing secretary Julián Castro challenged others, most specifically fellow Texan Beto O’Rourke, a former congressman, to join him in changing the offense for crossing the border illegally from a criminal to a civil penalty. But overall, the Democrats’ indictment of the Trump administration was consistent and strong.
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With the image fresh in people’s minds of the father and his young daughter who drowned trying to enter the country illegally, the Democrats denounced Trump’s policies of separating families.
“We’re not being honest about the division that’s been fomented in this country,” said New York Mayor Bill de Blasio. “The way that American citizens have been told that immigrants somehow created their misery and their pain and their challenge.”
There were strong moments for many of the candidates. Warren, who was the lone candidate from the top tier in Wednesday’s debate, was the focus of questions in the opening segments and made the most of her opportunities. She projected herself as the fighter for average Americans and the scourge of big banks, big oil, big pharmaceutical companies and others with immense power over the economy.
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Booker, seeking to break out and join others in the top tier, was passionate when he spoke, diverting from a campaign message that has talked about love and unity in favor of more aggressive rhetoric.
Sen. Amy Klobuchar (Minn.), whose policies are more moderate than those of some of her rivals, got off several of the best lines of the evening, including a rejoinder to Washington Gov. Jay Inslee, who claimed he was the only candidate “who has passed a law protecting a woman’s right of reproductive health in health insurance.”
To that, Klobuchar responded to applause from the audience: “I just want to say, there’s three women up here that have fought pretty hard for a woman’s right to choose.”
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Others sought to make their voices heard and their candidacies viable, which caused the debate at times to veer off track, as much as the moderators tried to keep things running smoothly. A technical glitch at the start of the second hour caused another minor disruption. But on the whole, the questions were pointed and the candidates came with a focus and clear goals.
Thursday could produce a different dynamic, with Biden likely to be a focus of attention and the opportunity for challenges to the swing to the left among many in the party.
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A second set of debates will come in just a month. Then, after a break in August, the third set will take place in early September. At that point, the rules for qualifying for debates will become more stringent and there will be casualties.
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By September and October, some candidates will be starved for both oxygen and the dollars needed to run a serious campaign. They will begin to fall to the sidelines, perhaps many of them. But that could still leave Democrats with the largest field of candidates since 1976 heading into the election year.
To the degree that there is some stratification in the field of candidates into three tiers, it is also the case that many, if not most, Democratic voters are still shopping and will be for months. Democratic activists in the four early states — Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada and South Carolina — have been seeing the candidates regularly. Voters elsewhere have seen them on television from time to time.
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At no time, however, have the candidates been together on a stage in a format that calls for questions from journalists and allows voters to begin to make real comparisons. Which is why the debates that began Wednesday night could be significant.
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Debates don’t always change things dramatically, but they sometimes do. Hillary Clinton’s 2008 campaign hit rough waters during a debate in which she seemed to muff a question about whether undocumented immigrants should be allowed to have drivers’ licenses.
Barack Obama’s tart comeback to Clinton — “You’re likable enough, Hillary” — on the eve of the New Hampshire primary, a comment that helped Clinton score a surprise upset that forced that nomination battle to go all the way to June.
Rarely do such consequential events happen in the first debates, however, and Wednesday’s encounter showed why. With 10 candidates, five moderators and answers limited to one minute, the opportunity for doing much beyond offering introductions was limited, while attacking someone else carried clear risks. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '7eb9e3ea153152ffe83174ae8e6ba77293e0715e8083777c59308562e5ca5de1'} |
Your Green Life: "Green Booze Bizz"
By KBJR News 1
August 2, 2013 Updated Aug 2, 2013 at 7:27 AM CDT
The first winery to enlist in Travel Green Wisconsin was the White Winter Winery in Iron River. They specialize in meads, which are basically fermented honey and sometimes other fruits. And in northern Wisconsin there are plenty of local ingredients to choose from.
Kim Hamilton, the President White Winter Winery told me, "Our intention has always been to be a winery of northern Wisconsin which means you use northern Wisconsin fruit. It doesn't make sense to us, located in northern Wisconsin, and then buy all your fruit from California"
The honey used is mostly produced in Wisconsin and a lot of the fruits are grown in the Bayfield Peninsula. But the Winery is also conscious about recycling.
"We recycle all of the bottles that we use here for tasting, either through a regular recycling program or we save and rinse all of these so if there are homebrewers, home wine makers that want to come, we just give them our old bottles if they like to use them." said Hamilton.
Even The corks used in their bottling process are certified by the Forest Stewardship Council. But the most sustainable way to get your wine on, is in bags.
Kari Williams, a Winery Assistant said, "The pouch itself, like it says up there, has 90% less waste than glass, 80% reduction of the carbon footprint and unlike glass bottles the way that this pouch is done, you can open it up, take some wine out, couple days later, take more out, it's not going to go bad because the air is not going to get in."
Each pouch holds 2 bottles of wine. And you can bring it to the beach where glass is not allowed. But it also prevents broken glass from polluting our environment.
"The pouch is recyclable and because it isn't glass you can take it with you canoeing, kayaking, backpacking, hiking, biking, and you don't have to worry about it leaving glass shards everywhere." said Williams.
The winery also compost all of its left over fruits after they are pressed and will soon be distilling left over liquor instead of dumping it down the drain!
Meteorologist Adam Lorch | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9650570750236512}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '75580', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:JGC3QBW2CHEEA74S2PEHUJVLTM2YS7UQ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:45582288-9e21-4ac9-9f44-420e11d8431c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 10, 30, 18, 41, 51), 'WARC-IP-Address': '68.142.108.128', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:UBGJRIX6JCAOCZUAK6G2WUBBCUKW6R6F', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b9b58fb0-e907-437e-b4dd-119867121421>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.northlandsnewscenter.com/home/Your-Green-Life-Green-Booze-Bizz-218079791.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:765d46fd-f83d-4084-9b6a-b5dec847188c>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '377', 'url': 'http://www.northlandsnewscenter.com/home/Your-Green-Life-Green-Booze-Bizz-218079791.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-42\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for October 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.11753612756729126', 'original_id': '764d4069acddbec144ea597bc0e77023ec4f311ac3b0989c962cf5434129f944'} |
A life in beds
Ron Chadwick sometimes feels "a bit guilty" that his memory is still so sharp at 86.
When he looks back at his years on the planet, he can remember just about every bed he's ever slept in. So for no reason other than it being an unusual way to track a life, Chadwick sat down and wrote a list. With brief titles such as "sticky Khartoum", "squeaky nuptials" and "Pohara beach and possums", Chadwick listed about 70 overnight stops in various beds from the Great Depression to today. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9772768616676332}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '32229', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:VT3JMNRR7XM2DSWGZYMHL3VYKHN6KK44', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:fbb37b82-5da2-4234-af40-bd9c0fcb649e>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 12, 13, 14, 34, 1), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.49.23.144', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:FOVKOAUKWKG5LTRLJ3D75IDVL5IWMAQ6', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:53344767-d981-450b-9c9b-8d721611d2ac>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.featured.org.nz/stories/2014/12/29/a-life-in-beds', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:37ceee5d-757f-4e41-9a14-85655310201f>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '88', 'url': 'http://www.featured.org.nz/stories/2014/12/29/a-life-in-beds', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-51\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for December 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-168-82-48.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.7008007168769836', 'original_id': '08b88cee102fe4a5e8326739ed385eb5be53263ba327e73281d98c1b50db6f1d'} |
My Favorite Plumber
Plumbing and Heating Services Downingtown, West Chester and Paoli Area
Downingtown | 610-269-5874
West Chester | 610-431-9777
Paoli | 610-296-3040
Not just blowing smoke
Smoke testing is a safe, cost-effective way to identify sources of water infiltration into outside sewer lines and pinpoint breaks or defective connections allowing sewer gases to escape inside a building. If you notice a persistent, unpleasant odor, call a plumber, as sewer gases can lead to health problems.
Smoke testing is non intrusive, odorless and not a fire hazard. The "smoke" is actually a fine mist, and will not harm people or pets.
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American Muscle
American Muscle
Cars, car art, and car culture.
Vintage NASCAR, NHRA, and Trans-Am Racing.
Unless otherwise noted, I do not have any ownership of the photos shown. I will always try to link back to the original photo or article. If you would like something removed, feel free to send me a message and I will remove it as soon as possible. AND...I will probably reblog photos of Angelina Jolie everytime!
Ask me Stuff!
Send me Stuff! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9028596878051758}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '82780', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:5YBTPV2KRO5PU3HIMVUOLTCYY2HVAL3H', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c83244d9-72b9-4560-b978-0b7ae7b1c1d6>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 1, 15, 53, 53), 'WARC-IP-Address': '66.6.41.21', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:YWU36PE75VX6VQT5L47RE6RIEARDZPGR', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:bb993a9e-8da2-4284-bdcc-da9a767a1f79>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://caristhestar.tumblr.com/post/11576613951/1970-chrysler-300-hurst-by-alex-nunez-on-flickr', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:91e8b40c-8be6-4c45-83db-54427d7a1169>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '80', 'url': 'http://caristhestar.tumblr.com/post/11576613951/1970-chrysler-300-hurst-by-alex-nunez-on-flickr', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-146-231-18.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-23\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for July 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02635025978088379', 'original_id': '2a0f354e63d0f5337374b00a4935bfb771626fc15d47b57dc5d13d3d80ee851c'} |
What is the Value of Attending Real-Life Conferences?
This is a simple question to answer for companies who are offering a product or service within the industry what the conference is catering to: making people aware of the product, demonstrate its abilities and value to interested potential customers, getting firsthand feedback, comments and suggestions from existing customers, getting ideas for how to improve or expand the product and many more reasons.
For affiliates and entrepreneurs is this question a bit more difficult to answer. I can only speak for myself, but I do not attend those conferences to make business deals. Those things I can do without the expenses that come along with going to such events. Making deals, hammering out details of a contract or launching a new project can be done well by using the various communication channels that are available without setting a foot outside the home or office. Email, fax, telephone, teleconferencing etc. work well to accomplish this.
The value of educational sessions depends on your level of expertise in the industry. More experienced marketers tend to attend less sessions that intermediate or beginners. However, nobody is a know-it-all and sessions do provide value for old industry veterans. They often reinforce or correct your own understanding of what is happening or happened within the past months in a specific segment of the industry. Good conferences have always multiple “tracks” and cover a wide spectrum of topics. Attending a session about a channel where you are not doing much or nothing at all today might get you new ideas that are worthwhile to look into. If you are a content affiliate who does primarily organic SEO for example, attending a session about paid search, domaining or video can be quite refreshing and interesting.
The single most important reason for me to attend real-life conferences is to do something that cannot be replaced by the best communication technology available: human interaction, meeting people face-to-face and getting to know strangers across different verticals that you would not have “bumped into” otherwise. Nobody will or even can do business with everybody who you meet and get to know at those conferences, but that is also not the idea behind this.
The value that you can and will get out of this interaction is virtually impossible to quantify. I was thinking about how to explain this to somebody who never attended a conference.
I talked about this with several people who I meet at Affiliate Summit, the conference that I am currently attending in person. I gave several explanations that people liked and encouraged me to blog about. I almost did, but I didn’t feel too happy about my own explanation until tonight, when something occurred to me that I believe is much easier to understand, especially for somebody who was never attending an event like this. After all, everybody I talked to within the last few days was actually attending a life event already. They are here at the Affiliate Summit, because they understood or felt (at least partially) the value of it.
The obvious explanation is actually not very difficult and something everybody knows from his own life-experience.
I assume that everybody was attending social events and parties several times in their life. For example: A fellow student and maybe close friend (or not) from school invited you to a party that another friend, who you did not know, held for whatever reason. You showed up at the party and did not know most of the people at that party. Your friend introduces you to the host and maybe some other of the guests and you start getting to know those new people, who might introduced you also to some other people at the party they knew and might be interesting to talk to and hang out with.
The party is over and you forgot most of the people who you meet and talked to that night. You maybe meet one or the other at different places at a different time. You recognize each other and start talking about the party and what you did since then.
Most people find new friends that way, some might become short term friends only and others become friends for life. Some introduced you to new ideas or made you try something that you never did before and maybe never even heard of, before you learned about it from the new found friend.
Most interactions will not have lasting effects on our lives, but some of them do, occasionally effects that change our lives completely.
Without the initial casual social interactions, such as the party of your friend’s friend, many things would not be able to happen. Only people who grew up in isolation from outsiders are free from the consequences of such interactions, because they never got to know anybody else, except family members and maybe a selected few friends of the family.
While the consequences of those complex social interactions are virtually unpredictable, is it possible to “skew” them a little bit.
If you go to a social event of special interest groups, chances are good that you are going to meet people that share the same interest, even though the interest might manifest itself differently in each person that you meet there. If you like hiking, for example, and meet with a group of other hiking enthusiasts, you are more likely to find a pal to go on a trip together and hike, than somebody who will sponsor the uniform of your local soccer club where you happen to be the goalkeeper for as well. That does not exclude the possibility that you actually find the sponsor there, but the odds of it are certainly small.
Which kind of people are you going to meet at an industry conference? I don’t know. However, odds are good that you meet people who could have a positive impact on what you are doing professionally. You might find new short term friends or somebody who will become a lifetime partner of yours in a project that you got the idea for, while you attended a session that was talking about an aspect of internet marketing that you never really thought about or did anything with.
Back to the original question of “What is the value of attending real-life conferences? The answer ought to be “priceless”.
About Carsten Cumbrowski
Twitter: ccumbrowski
One Response to What is the Value of Attending Real-Life Conferences?
1. 45n5 says:
great post carsten, I haven't figured out how to do the human interaction over the blog yet either | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '18', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9747770428657532}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '60980', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:OO6LMX3XOBEQU6U4RYUFQEIDIQA52GVY', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:d765a0f3-025d-403b-a264-51fe10be7160>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 2, 16, 19, 56, 41), 'WARC-IP-Address': '130.211.210.209', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:7GDNBU7NXAYPVVG2LHNIV7DW46AYJF7U', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:0bf406e2-7277-444c-9f20-623c0500e320>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://revenews.com/online-marketing/what-is-the-value-of-attending-real-life-conferences/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:4f410764-1dab-49cf-9230-aa11ba16fde4>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1115', 'url': 'http://revenews.com/online-marketing/what-is-the-value-of-attending-real-life-conferences/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-09\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-142-55-37.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.17787492275238037', 'original_id': '34b97b2630ce8235c311b73cf636f65a670056f5394087659385ae83e2f4cbb7'} |
3 Stocks To Buy Because Of Apple's Dominance
Most writers, myself included, do one of two things when we're not recommending Apple (NASDAQ:AAPL). We look for Apple derivative plays or we dog the competition.
In this article, I'll likely take some unintended, though unavoidable shots at Apple's feeble competition, but that's not the focus. And, I don't categorize the stocks I highlight as derivative plays. While some of them do business with Apple from time to time, I'm not making the picks because of those associations. Rather, I think each stock could have upside as a direct result of Apple's dominance, not because Apple chooses the company as a vendor, if it even does.
Intel (NASDAQ:INTC): On Thursday, I introduced INTC as one of the dividend-paying growth stocks I intend to buy, accumulate and hold in 2012. In the article where I named Intel, I cited something that struck me as curious:
Last time I checked Intel did not make computers. It provides the parts that make them run.
The fact that a chipmaker, and not a computer company, must step in and take charge to "redefine the personal computer" just speaks to the woeful state of the industry. Apple remains the only company taking the lead in the space. It forced development of the "ultrabook." It's competitors, sadly, could not come up with anything more original than a cross between a MacBook Air and iPad.
For Intel's part, they're just going along for the ride. And why not get behind the idea of an ultrabook? Just like Research In Motion (RIMM) took a charge on its PlayBook tablet, expect Dell (NASDAQ:DELL), Hewlett Packard (NYSE:HPQ) and the rest of industry to get stuck discounting excess inventory on their latest non-answer to Apple. Intel, meantime, can take very little risk, have its cake and eat it to.
Amazon.com (NASDAQ:AMZN): Somebody, probably quite some time ago, said that a rising tide lifts all boats. Vis-a-vis Apple, however, that's rarely been the case. Look to the exceptions for investment opportunities.
While I've noted since late last year that AAPL, not AMZN, represents the right near-term trade, I'm incredibly bullish on Amazon's long-term outlook. Jeff Bezos expertly runs one of the few companies that knows how to coexist alongside an unbeatable beast.
Not only is Kindle Fire all about driving synergy and revenues at Amazon, it sells, in part, because of the existence of iPad. The two devices do not directly compete. Rather, with Fire, Amazon became the first company to provide a viable alternative for people who were probably never going to spend $500 to $830 on an iPad.
If it weren't for Apple, there would not be a Kindle Fire. Apple created the demand - and the hole in the market - that Amazon competently filled. In that regard, Amazon rode Apple's coattails like everybody else does. The big difference, however, sits in the reasons why Amazon did it and how the company went about it. It went into the venture with a sound, logical and coherent strategy, not a pathetic grasp at straws.
Google (NASDAQ:GOOG): Last year, Nokia (NYSE:NOK) CEO Stephen Elop created quite a bit of controversy when he said,
Apple created Android, or at least it created the conditions necessary to create Android. People decided they could not play in the Apple way, and they had to do something else. Then Google stepped in there and created Android and others jumped on the Android train.
Apple haters, aka Android fan boys, love to deliver pompus history lessons in response to the Elop quote. They can't handle the truth, even if it is a subtle rewrite of history.
Endpoint - Just like it created apparent demand for ultrabooks and a smaller, easier-to-handle, yet competent tablet, Apple created demand for smart phones. It made the smart phone something that practically every person in the world either owns or aspires to own. It delivered, on a silver platter, almost certain success to any company with an ounce of innovation and a tablespoon of competence willing to step up.
By doing what Apple would never do - opening itself up for mass adoption - Android become the Windows of the smart phone. Without Apple in the picture, it would have a monopoly. RIM would have to rename BlackBerry Ubuntu.
How To Play These Stocks
As I discuss in my basic options eBook, you can come closest to replicating long-term ownership in any stock via options by purchasing in-the-money LEAPS options. This approach works especially well for high-priced stocks like GOOG and AMZN because an option contract costs just a fraction of 100 shares of its underlying stock.
Outside of that strategy, I intend to dollar cost average into INTC on a bi-weekly or monthly basis throughout 2012. On further pullback, I will consider doing the same with GOOG or AMZN or using LEAPS.
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Mary jacobs library: a note
The Mary Jacobs Library Foundation works to find financial and community support for the Mary Jacobs Library, situated in Montgomery Township, New Jersey. “The Foundation’s mission is to provide a library building for the community. We strive to maintain an innovative, safe and welcoming environment that inspires learning, advancing technology and cultural engagement in the community.” I created a review document for the purpose of understanding and clarifying some ideas for the foundation. The research was drawn primarily from my long-standing association with the library while fundraising for Ootsav; the notes from a meeting and discussions with board members.
The relationship I have with the library has been one of a concerned community member with children growing up in this town and friends and their families with thriving lives. This is made possible by the infrastructure this town is able to provide in part due to the taxes, the institutions it has and supports: the library being one of them.
Libraries are changing in a big way due to technology and there is a need to adapt to these economic and socially relevant circumstances. The Mary Jacobs Library works to support the community and has been an invaluable part of the town since the early part of the century. In order for it to thrive and grow, I think it needs a dedicated move to include the rest of the community and this is portrayed in the design outlay presented in the form of an idea: a process-flow.
The work is primarily based on immersive research that locates problem areas and examines them in depth for a lack or a need. This process is situated in sociological theory and more specifically in the realm of auto-ethnography. I have lived in this town and volunteered for all the time in the schools, the municipality and two libraries- MJL and the Princeton Public Library. I am able to locate myself in the big picture of the town, the institutions, their touch points and the pain points around them. The library has an interesting history of support and growth through the years. The intent to fund raise through Ootsav has been a process of involvement on my part and also to bring support of the larger community.
Libraries are an integral part of the lives of people, just as other social institutions like schools, churches, temples, courts or the police. For a holistic development of a populace-whether it’s the children, young adults or seniors, one institution cannot sustain without the other. We never hear of doors closing for a church or a temple; why then must a library be considered for such a decision? As an idealistic big picture question, this was a way to uphold a better way of life; but the point is also to question how the sound basis of a community structure be up for questioning and easy disposal? The idea is to understand ways in which social and people engagement can be made possible in the realm of practical interactions and not just with the help of social media and writing of checks for support. The document enables such a process and although doesn’t hit at all the answers, it hopefully brings up questions for debate and discussion.
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Janko Šimrak
Janko Šimrak (29 May 1883 – 9 August 1946) was a Croatian Greek Catholic hierarch. He was Apostolic Administrator from 1941 to 1942 and bishop from 1942 to 1946 of the Eastern Catholic Eparchy of Križevci.
Born in Šimraki, near Samobor, Austria-Hungary (present day – Croatia) in 1883, he was ordained a priest on 23 August 1908 for the Eparchy of Križevci. Fr. Šimrak was the spiritual director and then prefect of the Greek-Catholic seminary in Zagreb from 1908 to 1935.
In 1941 he became Apostolic Administrator and was appointed by the Holy See an Eparchial Bishop on 9 May 1942. He was consecrated to the Episcopate on 16 August 1942. The principal consecrator was Bishop Ivan Bucko, and the principal co-consecrator was Blessed Archbishop Alojzije Stepinac.
He died in Križevci on 9 August 1946.
References
Category:1883 births
Category:1946 deaths
Category:20th-century Eastern Catholic bishops
Category:Croatian Eastern Catholics
Category:Greek Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'dbe15275bc085f1ed0928acb0522f056f682b231a8642481c1b6533bd09a35d5'} |
The Rangers have released veteran first baseman Carlos Pena from their Triple-A roster, per the PCL transactions page. Pena struggled at the major league level for Texas with a .136/.190/.237 line in 63 plate appearances. He performed better during his month at Triple-A with a .297/.350/.500 line in 80 plate appearances. No word on why the club cut ties with Pena.
The Mariners have released right-handed pitcher Matt Palmer from the Triple-A Rainiers, according to the PCL transactions page. The 35-year-old pitched to a 5.42 ERA for the Rainiers over 73 innings. He last appeared in the majors with the Padres in 2012. Angels fans may remember him from his 2009 season, when he won 11 games and posted a 3.93 ERA over 121 innings.
Resolving an earlier bit of news, the Tigers have outrighted the contract of right-handed pitcher Kevin Whelan to Triple-A. The 30-year-old appeared once for the big league club and allowed two runs over one and one-third innings. Prior to his call up, he served as the closer for the Mud Hens, where he posted a 2.45 ERA, 10.93 K/9, and 4.02 BB/9. Presumably, he will return to that role. The team announced the move on Twitter.
The Brewers have signed right-hander Billy Buckner to a minor league contract, tweets Chris Cotillo of MLBDailyDish.com. The 30-year-old was released two weeks ago by the Padres. Buckner made one spot start for San Diego this season allowing three runs on six hits in 5 2/3 innings and, in 15 appearances (14 starts) for Triple-A El Paso, has posted a 5.80 ERA, 6.2 K/9, and 4.7 BB/9 in 63 2/3 innings.
Cotillo also tweets the Diamondbacks have released outfielder Aaron Cunningham from their Triple-A affiliate. The 27-year-old, who signed a minor league deal with Arizona in March, slashed .255/.342/.346 in 281 plate appearances for Reno. Cunningham hasn’t appeared in a MLB game since 2012 when he hit .175/.245/.247 for the Indians in 109 plate appearances. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'c7356caecf960071fe7321443320b3010765fdc9ab472e5deaad5fe887f99398'} |
Global Reading Challenge
Currently Reading
Lionel Messi and the Cult of Personality
This was written in response to a poetry prompt about how our modern-day mythology is the frenzied celebrity culture. It struck me during the recent football World Cup in Brazil how much we are looking for a single Saviour out there to make us forget all our inadequacies and needs…
8 thoughts on “Lionel Messi and the Cult of Personality”
Oh, Marina Sofia, that’s powerful! It shows clearly that even our most sacred celebrity idols have feet of clay as the saying goes. On the one hand, that can be devastating to those who build pedestals, and hard for those forced to stand on them. On the other, it can have a way of being liberating. They are people after all…
Celebrities being idolised and aspired to as role models really annoys me, I have to admit. Especially when they are famous mainly for being famous or married to famous people – which is not the case here, at least he has some skills! | mini_pile | {'original_id': '74414bdfb802ac09c41c7d0a6de957c7468560a0db0d04ea5ba6759eaeb097c5'} |
This new role-playing video game (Rated T, $49.99, for Windows PCs) will take weeks to complete, even on the initial easy setting.
There's just so much content to explore.
Based on - and set in - a world of Greek mythology, you play as a human who somehow gets stuck with the job of setting the world right after Titans escape from their underworld confinement to take revenge on humanity.
When the game begins, you have to create a hero or heroine to lead into battle.
There are the usual character options to choose from. If you like melee combat, you can specialize in warfare to deal damage.
From this point, "Titan Quest" is laughable in its addictive simplicity: you travel from one area to another, killing everything you can and gathering up all the precious items dropped by foes.
The more beasts you annihilate, the more experience you'll gain, which in turn leads to greater powers.
This sort of treadmill is a thrill for gamers who enjoy leveling up, customizing, perfecting their statistical bonuses and collecting an assortment of rare staves, shields and armor.
And there's the sadistic pleasure in mowing through waves of monsters, which can make you feel invincible sometimes.
"Titan Quest" is a process that will consume lots of time, though.
At times, the repetition involved in killing enemies can get pretty boring. And considering how many swords and other items drop, there should be a better, less time-consuming way to manage all the stuff you'll collect.
For the really hard areas (and there are plenty as the game progresses) you'll need to hop online and team up with others in free multiplayer mode to defeat some of the baddest boss monsters.
It's awfully hard to use, but the creators of "Titan Quest" wisely included special software to design your own custom game levels and quests.
For a junkie on all things involving dungeons and/or dragons, "Titan Quest" for me was a polished, well-executed experience.
It doesn't break any new ground but offers plenty of mindless entertainment. Sometimes, that's all a good video game needs to do. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'ae2b94f20f190d23be007413b0758d6a9793bb1976a7016e90423b865d61ab17'} |
\section{Compact Complement Topology is Irreducible}
Tags: Hyperconnected Spaces, Irreducible Spaces, Hyperconnectedness, Compact Complement Topology
\begin{theorem}
Let $T = \struct {\R, \tau}$ be the compact complement topology on $\R$.
Then $T$ is an irreducible space.
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
Let $U_1, U_2 \in \tau$ be open in $T$.
Let $\relcomp \R {U_1} = V_1$ and $\relcomp \R {U_2} = V_2$.
By definition of compact complement topology, $V_1, V_2 \subseteq \R$ such that $V_1$ and $V_2$ are both compact.
$V_1$ and $V_2$ are both bounded by definition of compact in $\R$, so their union is likewise bounded: above by $\max \set {\sup V_1, \sup V_2}$ and below by $\min \set {\inf V_1, \inf V_2}$.
So $V_1 \cup V_2$ can not equal $\R$ as $\R$ is not bounded.
So:
{{begin-eqn}}
{{eqn | l = \relcomp \R {V_1 \cup V_2}
| o = \ne
| r = \O
| c =
}}
{{eqn | ll= \leadsto
| l = \relcomp \R {V_1} \cap \relcomp \R {V_2}
| o = \ne
| r = \O
| c = De Morgan's Laws: Complement of Union
}}
{{eqn | ll= \leadsto
| l = U_1 \cap U_2
| o = \ne
| r = \O
| c =
}}
{{end-eqn}}
So any two open sets in $T$ are not disjoint and so $T$ is irreducible space by definition.
{{qed}}
\end{proof}
| math_pile | {'subset': 'ProofWiki', 'meta': "{'type': 'Theorem_Proof'}", 'original_id': 'cb096d2dd7c43ea06febc228add7b1d322908bca4d5a2857f2370879d45352b5'} |
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Waves - Match colors to sounds
Lorenzo Bernaschina
∙ 4 min read
“Waves” is a musical game to train aural and synesthetic perceptions: the player must recreate the same sequence of notes randomly generated by the software.
This game explores the associations between sounds, shapes, and colors. It was deeply influenced by my previous experiences with “Shapes” and “Dots”. Truth be told, those games were focused only on sight since I am not very familiar with music in general. However, I was intrigued by the potential of these three elements put together, so I decided to challenge myself.
The symphony of colors
Synesthesia, or “joined perception” from the Greek word syn meaning “join” and aisthesis meaning “perception”, is a neurological condition in which the person experiences a combination of the senses. For example, synesthetes can smell colors, see music, or listen to a painting. Exposed to certain stimuli, these people cross-activate adjacent areas of the brain to process different sensory information together.
Potentially, we are all synesthetes. However, only 4% of us regularly experience it. What happens to the others? When I was a child, I got familiar with the alphabet by playing with colored letters. Then I went to school and I learned to read and write mostly in black characters for the rest of my life. I guess you followed pretty much the same path. The problem is that in our daily lives we tend to harness our minds in repetitive tasks. In this way, our brain strengthens some connections to always process particular information in the same way. We do it for convenience, to be more efficient at work and study for example. The brain loves it because we allow it to be faster and save energy. The drawback is that we lose our innate ability to perceive things in a multisensory way as when we were children. Just very few people continue seeing letters, numbers, and words in colors even when they are printed in black. Many of them are poets and artists. One in particular deeply influenced this work and my interest in art in general.
Wassily Kandinsky is considered the founder of abstract art. Colors' relationships with shapes and sounds are the core concept to understand his paintings. Unlike most of the previous theories on color, he was not interested in the physical properties of the spectrum, but only in the emotional response that colors arouse in the viewer's soul. Colors have a spiritual meaning like musical sounds. So he compared each with a musical instrument. For example, yellow is very irrational like the sound of a trumpet. Red is warm like a tuba. Light blue is calm and reminds to a flute while dark blue is deep and intense like a cello.
Furthermore, he thought that colors could get more or less emotional intensity depending on the shape they were associated with. Each color has a privileged shape that emphasizes its expressive power. In the 20s, Kandinsky was a teacher at the Bauhaus in Weimar and focused his lessons on chromatic composition. One day he asked his students to associate the triangle, the square, and the circle to the three primary colors. Most of them associated yellow to the triangle, red to the square, and blue to the circle. According to this result, Kandinsky painted “Yellow, red, blue”, one of his most famous masterpieces.
Yellow, red, blue - Kandinsky
Wassily Kandinsky, “Yellow, red, blue”, 1925
Kandinsky was clearly a synesthete who looked at art in a very different way. He introduced a new conception of beauty based on the expression of an inner need rather than a commonly accepted aesthetic principle. A creative process very close to musical improvisation. These principles inspired “Waves”.
— Wassily Kandinsky
The Game
People with synesthesia see the world very differently. Many scientists, composers, and artists, including Leonardo Da Vinci, have described their experiences with it. Although some people think it is a rare and innate skill, synesthesia can be strengthened by repeated exposure to combined perceptual features at key developmental stages and can lead to remarkable cognitive abilities, including creativity and memory.
There are over 80 different types of synesthesia described by science. “Waves” was designed to train Chromesthesia or sound-to-color synesthesia, that is, a sound that simultaneously evokes a chromatic experience. Kandinsky actually used it in creating his paintings.
When you launch the game, you can choose between three musical instruments to play with: Piano, Guitar, or Trumpet. As with Kandinsky's paintings, each of them is associated with a color and a shape. The default values are set according to my personal perception. Of course, since the aim of the game is to strengthen your associations which likely differ from mine, you can customize everything on the Settings page.
After setting up the instruments, you are ready to play. The software randomly generates a sequence of notes that you must recreate by picking the right ones from a musical scale. Each note of the scale is colored with different brightness and saturation according to its pitch. You can listen to the original sequence a limited number of times which varies depending on the difficulty of the level. You win the game if you match the sequence within this limit. You can try and experiment with the notes of the scale as many times as you want.
App screenshots
On the left, the home page. Each instrument has a color and shape associated according to your personal synesthetic perception of it. You can set them on the settings page. For me for example, the sound of the Piano evokes blue circles. On the right, you see a grey row of placeholders you have to fill with the right sequence of colored notes below. Each note has a different brightness and saturation.
The game can be used by everyone but it is designed for kids in particular. During childhood, our brains are overly connected. Then as we grow up, many of the unneeded connections are pruned away. This means that most of us started out with some degree of synesthesia, which faded away with normal development. I hope that by playing this game, kids can limit this loss by having fun. Furthermore, some studies have shown that this kind of repeated associative learning works for adults as well. The game is also useful for ear training. Another important skill, especially if you are a musician. You can try it here.
WWDC19 Submission
“Waves” was my third and last submission to attend WWDC as a student. Unfortunately, after two consecutive scholarships, it was rejected.
I made it without compromise. I accepted the risks coming from my technical inexperience with everything related to music, which is a relevant part of this project. I simply took it as an opportunity to deepen a topic I was interested in. At the university, I have always studied for the joy of learning rather than for good grades. In the same way, I have always designed and developed my submissions to experiment without thinking too much about the judgment criteria. It was two intense weeks and I had a lot of fun. No regrets.
If you are a student who enjoys developing iOS apps, you should definitely apply. It is one of those rare occasions to discover powers that you never thought you would have.
— Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
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The Mysterious, Unsolved Case of Eight Dead Sex Workers in the Louisiana Bayou
Allegations of politicians and cops patronizing prostitutes and negligence by local law enforcement are still swirling around the brutal killings of eight women between 2005 and 2009.
Sep 12 2016, 4:30pm
FBI flier courtesy Scribner
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Louisiana's Jefferson Davis Parish first seized a grip on Ethan Brown's imagination in the summer of 2011. Eight women had been found in the crawfish ponds and canals of Jennings—a town of about 10,000—in various stages of decomposition, between 2005 and 2009, and the investigative journalist took a trip to the area to poke around. Soon after arriving, he interviewed a local drug dealer, David "Bowlegs" Deshotel, who claimed to have dated several of the victims.
The next morning, Deshotel was dead—and Brown knew he had to keep digging.
Things quickly got weirder. According to Brown, when he arrived at the crime scene where Deshotel's body had been discovered, it was completely unsecured—no yellow police tape or anything. In fact, he said, people were actively walking in and out of the victim's house with his property. Even though Brown had only been in Louisiana for a matter of days, he'd already seen enough to make him wonder what was going on with local law enforcement.
In his new book Murder in the Bayou: Who Killed the Women Known as the Jeff Davis 8?, Brown explores the circumstances surrounding the murders, the parish itself, and why no one has been convicted over the killings. Among other things, his research suggests the victims worked as police informants and that at least one witnessed a 2005 police killing that was investigated as a crime.
Perhaps more than anything else, Brown believes the victims are unified by their ties to a place called the Boudreaux Inn. He describes the spot as a nexus of sex and drugs that catered to members of law enforcement and was run by a field representative of Congressman Charles Boustany named Martin Guillory, or "Big G." (Through a spokesperson, Boustany has denied allegations made by three sources in Brown's book that he was a former client of some of the dead sex workers, and Guillory told the author he did not know of any prostitution at the inn. Brown also writes flatly that "there is no evidence that either Congressman Boustany or Big G had any involvement with the murders of the Jeff Davis 8.")
In an attempt to solve the murders, a federal task force charged with investigating the killings back in 2008 floated a serial-killer theory, but in previous reporting, Brown has suggested local cops might somehow be involved. VICE talked to him about the new book, why he thinks these women were killed, where the real killers might be, and why some have compared the saga to the first season of True Detective.
VICE: You had a rather shocking introduction to Jefferson Davis Parish, didn't you? You interviewed a guy about the case and later on that same night he was murdered?
Ethan Brown: It was really that event and that trip out there that got me interested in this parish and in this case. I really never saw anything like what I saw during that trip in 2011. After this guy was murdered, I went around and talked to a number of people, including cops, and their response was essentially, "Welcome to Jeff Davis Parish."
Why do you think police embraced the serial-killer theory?
The local law enforcement out there has this very strange way they pursued this case. The former sheriff, Ricky Edwards, called the killer or killers in this case "a serial dumper," which is [a term] he apparently has made up. At other times, you'll talk to law enforcement out there, and they'll say, "We're pursuing this both as a serial killer and as a multiple suspects case." In two cases, arrests were made but not of a single killer—of multiple people. Those arrests and charges ended up getting dropped, but generally speaking, this is a case with multiple suspects and law enforcement knows that, so it's strange that they've pushed the serial killer theory at all.
What is Jennings, Louisiana, like on the surface? And how did the Boudreaux Inn play into this story?
You have this very small downtown that has a couple of car dealerships and a courthouse and a library. The north side has the appearance of a very typical small town, and then you cross a set of train tracks to the south side of town, and it's very, very different. You have blighted homes that actually look quite similar to homes you saw in New Orleans post-Katrina. You have some rough bars and nightclubs and a black community that's concentrated on a few major streets. So the north and south side are extraordinarily different places, mainly divided by class, and somewhat by race.
The Boudreaux Inn was a motel in Jennings, which is the parish seat of Jeff Davis Parish. It's shuttered now, but it was a critical part of drugs and sex trade in Jennings during the early to mid 2000s. Many of the women of the Jeff Davis 8 were arrested there and engaged in sex work there. The pimp who was a prime suspect in several of the murders [before charges were dropped] was arrested there.
For those of us who are prone to dismiss conspiracy chatter, explain why you're so dubious of local law enforcement.
This case was framed in an extremely unsympathetic way from the beginning. The sheriff emphasized what he called the "high-risk lifestyle" that the victims were engaged in, and that kind of framing is not going to create an empathetic response. I can't really speak to the Jennings police's motivation as to why they framed it like that. [But] one thing that I can say, and it reaches back to what I said a minute ago about the divide between North and South Jennings—all these women were from South Jennings. They were literally from the wrong side of the tracks, and the people in power in this town were openly disdainful of them.
The police misconduct in this parish is interesting in that it's mostly civil lawsuits. There are a couple of examples of criminal cases—one being the Jennings police chief was indicted a few years back for robbing the evidence room—but mostly civil lawsuits filed in federal court, like a huge case filed in the early 2000s by female police officers against the police department. What they alleged in their lawsuit was a totally widespread culture of sexual misconduct that included sexual assaults on female police officers and on female inmates.
So the traditional divide between the law and suspects isn't so clear-cut down there.
This case is not a good guy, bad guy case. It's the product of the drug war, specifically the massive drug trade on [Interstate] I-10 in this area, and it's a product of decades of police misconduct stretching back to the 70s. In the book, I write about everything from a big drug dealer in town telling how his supplier was an officer who worked in narcotics, to a sheriff's office deputy who was literally robbing people off I-10, to female inmates alleging that they'd have sex with various prison officials in order to be released from jail.
The district attorney said something like over 90 percent of our cases are drug cases, and we don't have any drug-rehabilitation services in this community. When you think that every case they prosecute is a drug case, yet they have zero resources for folks with drug problems and these women really needed the services—they were pretty much all drug addicts, nearly all of them had untreated mental-health problems. They're victims of the drug trade, police misconduct, and a total lack of mental-health and drug-addiction resources.
What do you make of the True Detective comparisons?
I don't think Nic Pizzolatto based the first season on this case. Nic grew up in Calcasieu Parish, which is the parish next door to Jefferson Davis Parish. I think the first season is formed by his life and being raised in Calcasieu Parish. When I was finishing my Jeff Davis 8 piece, which ended up getting published on Medium, the roll out of True Detective was happening, and it's remarkable how similar everything was. But I think it drew it from other things.
How were the woman actually killed, and do you have a firm idea in your mind of who's responsible at this point?
Two of the women were stabbed to death. Ernestine Patterson's throat was slit. Laconia Brown was stabbed a number of times. The other six were asphyxiated. Because the bodies were so decomposed, asphyxia is expected. You have two very definitive stabbings and then six likely asphyxia, but the disposal means were entirely similar throughout the eight. They were all dumped in crawfish ponds, or they were dumped in a canal, or they were dumped by the side of a road.
I believe the real killer is still out there, and I'll say particularly when it concerns the Ernestine Patterson case, I believe they had the right people in that case when they made the arrests. I was able to obtain the DA file on that case and I believe they had the right people. The killers are still out there. I think it's law enforcement incompetence, and I think the women were deeply connected to very powerful people in law enforcement. And when you look at the women too closely, when you scrutinize those cases, you immediately see those connections, and I think it's misconduct. It's a combination of incompetence, misconduct, and the very, very close connection these women had to law enforcement.
Learn more about Ethan Brown's book, which drops Tuesday, here.
Follow Seth Ferranti on Twitter.
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Reply to post:
The ultimate full English breakfast – have your SAY
Anonymous Coward
Anonymous Coward
Does the method of cooking have a significant effect?
Whether I use the frying pan, griddle, or electric grill - I can never reproduce the Sunday morning fry-ups of my childhood. They were cooked on a tin or aluminium plate under a fierce gas grill. The bacon would not only be crisp - but the rind would "pop" to double its volume. Very crisp with a texture like a Crunchie bar.
There would be unsmoked bacon - possibly sausage or black pudding too. A runny yoke egg. Then grated "yellow" or "white" cheese which melted into a colourful pool against the juice of the tinned plum tomatoes. Possibly a spoonful of Heinz beans. No sauce in our house - even though pals ate "The Perishers" style ketchup sandwiches.
If it wasn't Sunday then there was a slice of fried white bread. On Sunday we would go to the Potteries oatcake*** shop round the corner while the breakfast was being cooked. The griddle range was set up in someone's front room and open for a very limited number of hours in the week.
The oatcakes had to be eaten warm as finger food - wrapped round a portion of fry-up with the grease running down your fingers. The trick was to load it just short of the point where the sharp bacon would otherwise rupture the thin oatcake and cause it to start disintegrating.
A sophisticated addition in later years were sliced button mushrooms. My sister won a bet of 1/- from our father for daring to eat those.
***Potteries oatcakes are like a thin pancake or a crêpe - but made with fine oatmeal and yeast.
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Biting the hand that feeds IT © 1998–2019 | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9637355208396912}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '58641', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6HH2QGWLK2HAWQTGMGGY5MERMFKGU3YU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:3520136f-0a59-443d-aac0-66ba5017474a>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 2, 17, 0, 32, 12), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.18.235.86', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:7Q3CVW5IAERRVLXZHEFRBO76NUNK4DY6', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:9ddd059f-80fb-4aa0-a7f6-838bc33cec3f>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://forums.theregister.co.uk/post/reply/3246184', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:ba273309-9737-45ea-a977-f703d101f6ac>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '314', 'url': 'https://forums.theregister.co.uk/post/reply/3246184', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-09\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-137-198-92.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.07629126310348511', 'original_id': 'ece4d03a179c12da94a86c4cb7481110481b0bd5be198fc395bf35c706e66adc'} |
Letter: Gun ban won’t cure evil
What does “the right to keep and bear arms” mean?
I believe in the existence of unalienable rights, but for those who believe all rights exist only through the divine benevolence of government, then what follows will have no meaning.
Among our unalienable rights are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. What use are these rights if one cannot protect them?
Unless an individual can protect these rights, they are rendered meaningless. The Second Amendment was written for the purpose of protecting these rights.
With the right to protect comes an awesome responsibility, and most people who acquire guns legally are responsible with them. Gun laws restrict only lawful gun owners, not unlawful ones.
If, for example, an elderly man or woman is alone in his or her home and in the middle of the night a 250-pound intruder enters uninvited, what happens? There are only three reasons a person would break into a home, and those reasons would be to rob, rape or kill you. In that situation, that elderly person has no chance but to submit and hope for the best.
But with one finger on a trigger, he/she is equal to that intruder in defense of his/her life, liberty and property. One might say they should call the police, hide and wait. Yes, by all means call and wait if you can, but if a confrontation arises, that person, any person, has the right to defend himself — and should.
Restrictions and bans on guns limit a person’s ability to do just that and do not and never will limit or restrict the intruder.
In this country, we are free to exercise — or not — the right of self-defense. If one chooses not to exercise that right because he fears guns, he is free not to defend themselves. But he cannot in any way infringe on my right to exercise and defend my life, liberty and property.
After every tragic incident involving the use of firearms, those on the political left call for restricting or banning guns as the answer to the evil that resides in the hearts of some people. Banning guns will only exacerbate the problem. The only thing it will restrict evil is the ability to defend against it.
For the left to use these tragedies to restrict and limit my ability to protect my family and property from the evil that exists in man is appalling and it should be shamed for doing so.
The Second Amendment, along with the other nine are not a Bill of Suggestions, they are a Bill of Rights and are not subject to negotiation.
Fear not the gun for lack of understanding.
Address the evil in man, not the instrument.
Stephen Cambre
field manager | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9533586502075196}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '108031', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:D76X45XMBNO6WY6GLZ57THUOQZ4NF4WU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:348b3315-c4f6-4b97-9cc5-2a60df52ced8>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 1, 7, 7, 46), 'WARC-IP-Address': '64.94.90.68', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:JLRBP4YNB7NVFQTNXPUGJR4VLK3AQWVP', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:36d7cc2d-55ca-4bab-90a5-551e217c9ac0>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://theadvocate.com/home/4829512-125/letter-gun-ban-wont-cure', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:200cd95d-8ddd-4ff1-8963-fbd7c07acdda>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '462', 'url': 'http://theadvocate.com/home/4829512-125/letter-gun-ban-wont-cure', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-28-5-156.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2015-11\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for February 2015\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03838557004928589', 'original_id': 'f372557610db3efb24f21b08fc3634229b73b68d5bab2a0576129f2fc6c8ccc8'} |
Loss of heterozygosity of selected tumor suppressor genes in human testicular germ cell tumors.
Human testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are histologically heterogenous neoplasms with a variable malignant potential. Two main groups of germ cell tumors occur in men: seminomas and nonseminomas. In the present study, a set of four tumor suppressor genes was investigated in testicular cancers. CDH1, APC, p53, and nm23-H1 genes were tested for loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Thirty-eight testicular germ cell tumors (17 seminomas and 21 nonseminomas) were analyzed by PCR using restriction fragment length polymorphism or the dinucleotide/tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism method. An allelic loss of p53 at exon 4 was detected in five nonseminomas, whereas LOH of p53 at intron 6 occurred in one of the seminoma and two of the nonseminoma samples. Allelic losses of the APC gene were present in three seminomas and one nonseminoma, whereas one seminoma and three nonseminomas showed LOH of CDH1. The analysis of allelic losses showed no common structural genetic alterations in tumor tissues, although a different pattern of LOH was observed between the two main histological groups of TGCTs. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'b2fe2cd9057db58253e2c6b398a1c6a4894cce8bf7a67add55dd7a705f508b90'} |
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<h2>
Linda Wolfe
</h2>
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<h2 class="h5 mrgn-bttm-0">Legal Name:</h2>
<p>Linda Wolfe</p>
<h2 class="h5 mrgn-bttm-0">Operating Name:</h2>
<p>Waylin Enterprise</p>
<div class="mrgn-tp-md"></div>
<p class="mrgn-bttm-0" ><a href="http://www.waylinenterprise.com"
target="_blank" title="Website URL">http://www.waylinenterprise.com</a></p>
<p><a href="mailto:lwolfe@waylinenterprise.com" title="lwolfe@waylinenterprise.com">lwolfe@waylinenterprise.com</a></p>
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<h2 class="h5 mrgn-bttm-0">Mailing Address:</h2>
<address class="mrgn-bttm-md">
P.O. Box 73012<br/>
Limeridge Mall RPO <br/>
HAMILTON,
Ontario<br/>
L9A 5H7
<br/>
</address>
<h2 class="h5 mrgn-bttm-0">Location Address:</h2>
<address class="mrgn-bttm-md">
72 Pinewarbler Dr<br/>
HAMILTON,
Ontario<br/>
L9A 4Z9
<br/>
</address>
<p class="mrgn-bttm-0"><abbr title="Telephone">Tel.</abbr>:
(905) 575-4928
</p>
<p class="mrgn-bttm-0"><abbr title="Telephone">Tel.</abbr>:
(866) 839-0966</p>
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(905) 575-7325</p>
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<div class="col-md-12">
<h2 class="wb-inv">Company Profile</h2>
<br> We are an online Retailer of fine teas from around the world. We are also the National Distributor for Total Tea an all natural detox tea.
<br>
<br>Tea is my passion, and I strive to bring that passion forefront to you. After having worked the "corporate world" for years, I decided it was time to break out and do what I love, making my love of tea available to tea lovers everywhere.
<br>
<br>Our teas contain no artificial flavors.
<br>
<br>It's our first and only goal to bring you, our valued customer, the finest tea, tea accessories, and tea gifts available at an affordable price. Our customers are very important to us; therefore we go the extra mile to make your shopping experience with us a pleasant one.
<br><br>
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Full profile
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Contact information
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<strong>
Linda
Wolfe
</strong></div>
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<strong>
Title:
</strong>
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owner<br>
</div>
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Telephone:
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(905) 575-4928
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Facsimile:
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(905) 575-7325
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Email:
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lwolfe@waylinenterprise.com
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<a href="#wb-cont">top of page</a>
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<!-- Company Description -->
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Company description
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Country of Ownership:
</strong>
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Canada
</div>
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<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Year Established:
</strong>
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<div class="col-md-7">
2005
</div>
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<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Exporting:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
Yes
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Primary Industry (NAICS):
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
454111 - Internet Shopping
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Alternate Industries (NAICS):
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
413190 - Other Specialty-Line Food Wholesaler-Distributors<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Primary Business Activity:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
Retail
</div>
</div>
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<!-- Products / Services / Licensing -->
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Product / Service / Licensing
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<strong>
Product Name:
</strong>
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Gourmet Teas<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mrgn-bttm-md">
<div class="col-md-12">
Waylin Enterprise is pleased to offer the finest teas from around the world. Savour these fine teas. Delicious taste, healthful benefits and superior packaging make these gourmet teas the ideal gift. <br>
<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mrgn-bttm-md">
<div class="col-md-3">
<strong>
Product Name:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-9">
Total Tea<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mrgn-bttm-md">
<div class="col-md-12">
TOTAL TEA TM is a unique blend of medicinal herbs created to promote overall health.
<br>
<br>
Total Tea was developed to replace the bad bacteria in the digestive system with good bacteria, thus enhancing overall digestive performance.
<br>
<br>
<br>
</div>
</div>
</section>
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<a href="#wb-cont">top of page</a>
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Market profile
</h3>
<section class="container-fluid">
<h4>
Industry sector market interests:
</h4>
<ul>
<li>Consumer Products</li>
</ul>
<h4>
Geographic markets:
</h4>
<h5>
Export experience:
</h5>
<ul>
<li>Alabama</li>
<li>Alaska</li>
<li>Arizona</li>
<li>Arkansas</li>
<li>California</li>
<li>Colorado</li>
<li>Connecticut</li>
<li>Delaware</li>
<li>Florida</li>
<li>Georgia</li>
<li>Hawaii</li>
<li>Idaho</li>
<li>Illinois</li>
<li>Indiana</li>
<li>Kansas</li>
<li>Kentucky</li>
<li>Louisiana</li>
<li>Maine</li>
<li>Maryland</li>
<li>Massachusetts</li>
<li>Michigan</li>
<li>Minnesota</li>
<li>Mississippi</li>
<li>Missouri</li>
<li>Montana</li>
<li>Nebraska</li>
<li>Nevada</li>
<li>New Hampshire</li>
<li>New Jersey</li>
<li>New Mexico</li>
<li>New York</li>
<li>North Carolina</li>
<li>North Dakota</li>
<li>Ohio</li>
<li>Oregon</li>
<li>Rhode Island</li>
<li>South Carolina</li>
<li>South Dakota</li>
<li>Tennessee</li>
<li>Texas</li>
<li>Utah</li>
<li>Vermont</li>
<li>Virginia</li>
<li>Washington</li>
<li>West Virginia</li>
<li>Wisconsin</li>
<li>Wyoming</li>
</ul>
<h5>
Actively pursuing:
</h5>
<ul>
<li>Iowa</li>
<li>Oklahoma</li>
<li>Pennsylvania</li>
</ul>
</section>
<p class="mrgn-tp-lg text-right small hidden-print">
<a href="#wb-cont">top of page</a>
</p>
<!-- Sector Information -->
<h3 class="page-header">
Sector information
</h3>
<section class="container-fluid">
<h4>
Key / Major clients:
</h4>
Natural Therapies Clinic, Burlington Health Foods, Body & Sol, The Natural Way, Village Spa in Hess
<h4>
Success stories:
</h4>
Our clients have found Total Tea to be an excellant addition for their clients. Total Tea is a gentle all-natural detox tea that clients find helpful therefore provides repeat business.
<h4>
Testimonial:
</h4>
"Hi, I have had your tea one week now. I enjoy it and look forward to drinking every night. After a few weeks, I don't have a great weight loss story for you (darn) but I do feel better and as you can see in the before and after picture of my neck my skin is so-o-o-o much better. Thank you." Shirley M from Kitchener ON
<br>
<br>
I love this total tea! It has a wonderful flavour to it and is hard to believe that something that tastes so good can be that good for you!
<br>
Marie - Hamilton, ON CA
<br>
<br>
Thank you so much! We both really enjoy the Total Tea and well, my wife and I cannot stop drinking it!
<br>
A.S. from Alberta CA
<br>
<br>
My husband & I enjoy our Total Tea every day. In the summer we made popsicles using the Total Tea. Hot or Cold, its great.
<br>
Dorothy H from Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
I wear a colostomy bag. Since starting to drink the Total Tea, I have found that I sleep better and have more energy. Buy it by the case, that how much I like it.
<br>
Sue G from Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
My husband and I both drink Total Tea. We have found that we feel better since we have started to drink it. Being able to purchase the tea by the case is a great savings.
<br>
KG from Alberta CA
<br>
<br>
The first time I drank Total Tea, the pain I had started to subside. Now that I have been drinking Total Tea for a month, I feel so much better. I will definitely continue with Total Tea because it works.
<br>
Nadine P, Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
I had a bloat problem that baffled the doctors. Nothing the doctors gave me appeared to work. After taking Total Tea, all the bloat has gone along with the pain & discomfort. I also find that Total Tea helps me when I am suffering from PMS. I am grateful to my mother for suggesting I try Total Tea
<br>
NW, Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
I have suffered from gastric problems for years and it can be very painful. I drank Total Tea every night for approximately 4 months. My doctor gave me a great result at my last visit. Now I continue to take Total Tea 3-7 evenings a week to maintain. Thank you Total Tea.
<br>
Mike R., Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
My husband & I do a lot of travelling. Our systems get out of sorts with the change of schedule & eating habits. We will not go anywhere without Total Tea.
<br>
ES, Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
I absolutely love Total Tea. It is truly gentle to use and great tasting! I have lost 15 lbs since I started drinking Total Tea. I have more energy and sleep much better! I also no longer need my medication for PMS as Total Tea has decreased the bloating and cramping to a tolerable level.
<br>
Thank You Total Tea
<br>
Nancy, Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
<br>
</section>
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<summary>
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Some of the information on this Web page has been provided by external sources. The Government of Canada is not responsible for the accuracy, reliability or currency of the information supplied by external sources. Users wishing to rely upon this information should consult directly with the source of the information. Content provided by external sources is not subject to official languages, privacy and accessibility requirements.
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Contact information
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<!-- Contact Information -->
<section class="container-fluid">
<div class="row mrgn-tp-lg">
<div class="col-md-3">
<strong>
Linda
Wolfe
</strong></div>
</div>
<div class="row mrgn-lft-md">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Title:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
owner<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mrgn-lft-md">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Telephone:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
(905) 575-4928
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mrgn-lft-md">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Facsimile:
</strong>
</div>
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(905) 575-7325
</div>
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<strong>
Email:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
lwolfe@waylinenterprise.com
</div>
</div>
</section>
</details>
<details id="details-panel3">
<summary>
Description
</summary>
<h2 class="wb-invisible">
Company description
</h2>
<section class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Country of Ownership:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
Canada
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Year Established:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
2005
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Exporting:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
Yes
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Primary Industry (NAICS):
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
454111 - Internet Shopping
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Alternate Industries (NAICS):
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
413190 - Other Specialty-Line Food Wholesaler-Distributors<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<strong>
Primary Business Activity:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-7">
Retail
</div>
</div>
</section>
</details>
<details id="details-panel4">
<summary>
Products, services and licensing
</summary>
<h2 class="wb-invisible">
Product / Service / Licensing
</h2>
<section class="container-fluid">
<div class="row mrgn-bttm-md">
<div class="col-md-3">
<strong>
Product Name:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-9">
Gourmet Teas<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mrgn-bttm-md">
<div class="col-md-12">
Waylin Enterprise is pleased to offer the finest teas from around the world. Savour these fine teas. Delicious taste, healthful benefits and superior packaging make these gourmet teas the ideal gift. <br>
<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mrgn-bttm-md">
<div class="col-md-3">
<strong>
Product Name:
</strong>
</div>
<div class="col-md-9">
Total Tea<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mrgn-bttm-md">
<div class="col-md-12">
TOTAL TEA TM is a unique blend of medicinal herbs created to promote overall health.
<br>
<br>
Total Tea was developed to replace the bad bacteria in the digestive system with good bacteria, thus enhancing overall digestive performance.
<br>
<br>
<br>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</details>
<details id="details-panel6">
<summary>
Market
</summary>
<h2 class="wb-invisible">
Market profile
</h2>
<section class="container-fluid">
<h4>
Industry sector market interests:
</h4>
<ul>
<li>Consumer Products</li>
</ul>
<h4>
Geographic markets:
</h4>
<h5>
Export experience:
</h5>
<ul>
<li>Alabama</li>
<li>Alaska</li>
<li>Arizona</li>
<li>Arkansas</li>
<li>California</li>
<li>Colorado</li>
<li>Connecticut</li>
<li>Delaware</li>
<li>Florida</li>
<li>Georgia</li>
<li>Hawaii</li>
<li>Idaho</li>
<li>Illinois</li>
<li>Indiana</li>
<li>Kansas</li>
<li>Kentucky</li>
<li>Louisiana</li>
<li>Maine</li>
<li>Maryland</li>
<li>Massachusetts</li>
<li>Michigan</li>
<li>Minnesota</li>
<li>Mississippi</li>
<li>Missouri</li>
<li>Montana</li>
<li>Nebraska</li>
<li>Nevada</li>
<li>New Hampshire</li>
<li>New Jersey</li>
<li>New Mexico</li>
<li>New York</li>
<li>North Carolina</li>
<li>North Dakota</li>
<li>Ohio</li>
<li>Oregon</li>
<li>Rhode Island</li>
<li>South Carolina</li>
<li>South Dakota</li>
<li>Tennessee</li>
<li>Texas</li>
<li>Utah</li>
<li>Vermont</li>
<li>Virginia</li>
<li>Washington</li>
<li>West Virginia</li>
<li>Wisconsin</li>
<li>Wyoming</li>
</ul>
<h5>
Actively pursuing:
</h5>
<ul>
<li>Iowa</li>
<li>Oklahoma</li>
<li>Pennsylvania</li>
</ul>
</section>
</details>
<details id="details-panel7">
<summary>
Sector
</summary>
<h2 class="wb-invisible">
Sector information
</h2>
<section class="container-fluid">
<h4>
Key / Major clients:
</h4>
Natural Therapies Clinic, Burlington Health Foods, Body & Sol, The Natural Way, Village Spa in Hess
<h4>
Success stories:
</h4>
Our clients have found Total Tea to be an excellant addition for their clients. Total Tea is a gentle all-natural detox tea that clients find helpful therefore provides repeat business.
<h4>
Testimonial:
</h4>
"Hi, I have had your tea one week now. I enjoy it and look forward to drinking every night. After a few weeks, I don't have a great weight loss story for you (darn) but I do feel better and as you can see in the before and after picture of my neck my skin is so-o-o-o much better. Thank you." Shirley M from Kitchener ON
<br>
<br>
I love this total tea! It has a wonderful flavour to it and is hard to believe that something that tastes so good can be that good for you!
<br>
Marie - Hamilton, ON CA
<br>
<br>
Thank you so much! We both really enjoy the Total Tea and well, my wife and I cannot stop drinking it!
<br>
A.S. from Alberta CA
<br>
<br>
My husband & I enjoy our Total Tea every day. In the summer we made popsicles using the Total Tea. Hot or Cold, its great.
<br>
Dorothy H from Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
I wear a colostomy bag. Since starting to drink the Total Tea, I have found that I sleep better and have more energy. Buy it by the case, that how much I like it.
<br>
Sue G from Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
My husband and I both drink Total Tea. We have found that we feel better since we have started to drink it. Being able to purchase the tea by the case is a great savings.
<br>
KG from Alberta CA
<br>
<br>
The first time I drank Total Tea, the pain I had started to subside. Now that I have been drinking Total Tea for a month, I feel so much better. I will definitely continue with Total Tea because it works.
<br>
Nadine P, Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
I had a bloat problem that baffled the doctors. Nothing the doctors gave me appeared to work. After taking Total Tea, all the bloat has gone along with the pain & discomfort. I also find that Total Tea helps me when I am suffering from PMS. I am grateful to my mother for suggesting I try Total Tea
<br>
NW, Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
I have suffered from gastric problems for years and it can be very painful. I drank Total Tea every night for approximately 4 months. My doctor gave me a great result at my last visit. Now I continue to take Total Tea 3-7 evenings a week to maintain. Thank you Total Tea.
<br>
Mike R., Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
My husband & I do a lot of travelling. Our systems get out of sorts with the change of schedule & eating habits. We will not go anywhere without Total Tea.
<br>
ES, Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
I absolutely love Total Tea. It is truly gentle to use and great tasting! I have lost 15 lbs since I started drinking Total Tea. I have more energy and sleep much better! I also no longer need my medication for PMS as Total Tea has decreased the bloating and cramping to a tolerable level.
<br>
Thank You Total Tea
<br>
Nancy, Ontario CA
<br>
<br>
<br>
</section>
</details>
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Last Update Date 2015-07-16
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Brenda Smith
Associate Principal
+1 (404) 443-7482
Brenda Smith has 25 years of experience in the areas of large-scale healthcare and medical education. She is responsible for partnering with educators to identify needs and refine solutions for effective teaching and learning environments. Brenda assists project teams with both big-picture thinking and micro-level detail through project visioning, programming, and planning. Brenda brings a unique background to her role as practice leader. She has prior career experience as a practicing nurse, and has also served as the healthcare client/owner, managing design for a pediatric healthcare system and academic medical center. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9652403593063354}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '41964', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:INJA7CBU4EL7HRE7XADB6QI64OK66OF6', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:595c8625-e5d0-4005-bf32-19bbb98b7461>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 12, 13, 21, 16, 42), 'WARC-IP-Address': '162.249.104.242', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:WNTHORDXQHDNUB2QMRRDBY7T7DTOX7LO', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:e91aeddb-2ff7-4522-b256-f617e56a0ec1>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://perkinswill.com/people/brenda-smith', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:9db3ca3e-d1c9-4e14-89db-420209087821>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '101', 'url': 'https://perkinswill.com/people/brenda-smith', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-51\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for December 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-143-18-132.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.36082780361175537', 'original_id': 'a893ead209c13282e35590bd5cc1d579e236376a9b55aaf6b9d9c98f446ffeaf'} |
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Queen Margaret poster
September 22, 2018, by Peter Kirwan
Queen Margaret @ The Royal Exchange, Manchester
The idea of rewriting Shakespeare’s first tetralogy to focus on the character of Queen Margaret – the only character to appear alive in all four plays – is a good one, though not original; Charlene Smith’s research has found some twenty-six, with more doubtless to be turned up. Still, it’s rare for one to come with quite this pedigree: a full-scale production at Manchester’s Royal Exchange, written by Jeanie O’Hare, directed by Elizabeth Freestone and starring the fantastic Jade Anouka in the title role. Running at a little under three hours, the play offers a stand-alone epic centred around a woman’s view of events. At least, that’s what I’d hoped for.
Queen Margaret feels like a missed opportunity, trying to tell the key story of 2 and 3 Henry VI while pushing Margaret to the front, and the resulting adaptation does neither especially well. The problems are with the text, both in its compression of Shakespeare (who will here stand for Marlowe, Nashe and whoever else might have written the Elizabethan plays) and in its new material. The compression is conservative in what it jettisons; while they let go of Jack Cade (always the first thing to disappear, sadly), O’Hare’s text still follows the squabblings of the nobles, the fortunes of war, the emergence of the future Richard III, and several favourite scenes. Yet these scenes are slimmed down to shadows of their former selves; the triple-mirroring of the Father and Son who killed their Son and Father respectively with the lamenting Henry now becomes a single lament from a daughter; and Clarence is cut, thus removing the main enmity from between York’s brothers. At times, it like a best-of compilation for which they didn’t get the rights to some of the real bangers.
Yet this isn’t a plea for keeping more; the play’s issue is that it tries to retain so much of the originals, and the chief victim of this was … Margaret. Given that part of the stated rationale is the size of Margaret’s role across four plays, many of her best scenes are slashed: her initial meeting with Suffolk from 1 Henry VI, showcasing her sarcastic wit, is gone; her combat with Eleanor of Gloucester too; her promise she would die for Henry even after Suffolk’s death is absent; her standout scene from 3 Henry VI before Louis of France was reduced to a banal meeting in which Warwick came to visit her at home (why does this play domesticate Margaret even more than Shakespeare does?!); her speeches from Richard III are reduced to a few lines as the plays closes on her traveling into exile. Somehow, even with three hours to showcase the character, O’Hare’s version creates a version that arguably has even fewer dimensions than the original.
Where the play does extend Margaret’s role, it is through new text focusing on the behind-the-scenes of her decisions, a choice which lacks a certain amount of imagination in binding even the new material to the narrative, rather than exploring other elements of the character. O’Hare creates two interlocutors for Margaret: the Ghost (or a memory?) of Joan of Arc, who haunts Margaret much as Margaret haunts Richard III; and a woman called Hume, expanded from the battling apprentice of 2 Henry VI to be a voice of the common folk in the face of war. Lucy Mangan did good work with Joan, coming off at first a bit like Hamlet’s Ghost, exhorting Margaret to revenge against her murderers York and Warwick, and pressing a knife into her hand. As the play went on, even Joan became anxious about the extremes to which Margaret was willing to go, however; at its worst, the character became more Moaning Myrtle than Old Hamlet, looking on with a sing-song air of ‘I told you so’, but her presence at least gestured towards something more profound.
Hume (Helena Lymbery) was less successful. Lymbery herself was winsome in the role, offering wry commentary on the state of the nation, showing off her red and white roses sewn into different sides of her jacket, and drawing most of the production’s laughs with her sweary cynicism. Hume also took on a narrator role, unnecessarily announcing the title of each new scene (‘Margaret is captured’) like a placard. The problem again here was the script, both prosaic and overlong. The gesture towards war-is-bad-and-affects-us-all politics was welcome, but all the time Hume was onstage detracted from Margaret, and pulled the production towards a state-of-the-nation address that started something the rest of the production didn’t want to finish.
The exception to this was an attempt to make Margaret the voice of England. After the battle at which the Lancastrian forces were finally beaten, Margaret was given the role of lamenting the thousands of English dead, reduced to sobbing in a heap on the floor, and going into mourning for her country until Warwick (the solid Bridgitta Roy) brought her out of her stupour. The impulse here was understandable, but Margaret’s sudden empathy for the nameless victims of war jarred entirely with what was left of the Shakespearean text on either side, where Margaret remained doggedly factional rather than humanist, and active rather than passive. Anouka did her best with the material, but the temporary shift in tone fitted poorly.
This wasn’t a bad production; it just felt like it was pulling in several different directions simultaneously and serving all of its component parts only partially. As a distilled, single-performance version of 2 and 3 Henry VI, though, there was much to enjoy. Lorraine Bruce was a proud Yorkshirewoman as York, all no-nonsense and scathing in her insults. The choice to change the character’s gender (as well as that of Warwick) made Margaret’s position as a woman on the battlefield much less unique, but turned the primary conflict into two women fighting for their sons, and Bruce’s final defiance of Margaret was the most powerful moment of the production.
The modern setting allowed for some good gags, whether Warwick snapping York and sons on the throne on her mobile phone; Suffolk giving Humphrey a filled out expenses form with train tickets attached; or York with a towel around her head standing in her sons’ way as they tried to play on their Playstation. Margaret herself was thoroughly modern in Anouka’s performance, and many of the production’s best moments involved her standing with a cigarette, watching and shaking her head as the men bickered (at one point collectively saying ‘Squabble, squabble, squabble’). Anouka was exceptional throughout, pushing herself to the centre of Amanda Stoodley’s dartboard of a set and speaking on her own behalf; it was just a shame that the play kept pushing her back to the margins rather than fully committing to seeing the play through her eyes.
Elsewhere, the performances were mostly good, particularly Max Runham as a surprisingly capable Henry, who benefitted from brief additional scenes showing him praying with Margaret. Kwami Odoom was a non-hunchbacked Richard, who made his moment count with the ‘I am myself alone’ speech, and the young Islam Bouakkaz was affecting in his multiple deaths as both Prince Edward and Rutland. Again, though, the play’s confusion about whether it was a new play or a production of Henry VI meant that few of the characters had much opportunity to establish themselves beyond the broad stroke of their actions.
The production looked beautiful, with Johanna Town’s lighting creating patterns across the dartboard that mimicked clocks ticking, light-up podiums for the ethereal Joan, or partitions for those praying; white snow and pamphlets falling from the ceiling; and a pleasing contrast between Joan’s immaculate blue outfit and Joan’s medieval armour. The actual storytelling was clear and pacey, covering the bulk of the wars of the roses efficiently with a relatively small cast. But my disappointment comes from my sense that there was simply too little Margaret, and I hope I get a chance one day to see Anouka either take on a really radical take on the character (I’d happily watch her monologue for an hour and a half) or else follow her across a full tetralogy.
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Nancy Reagan falls during California event
August 24th, 2011
07:30 AM ET
3 years ago
Nancy Reagan falls during California event
(CNN) - Former First Lady Nancy Reagan lost her balance and fell Tuesday night as she arrived at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in California to hear U.S. Sen. Marco Rubio (R-Florida) speak.
Rubio caught Reagan, 90, before she hit the ground and a library spokeswoman said she is fine.
Filed under: Nancy Reagan
soundoff (8 Responses)
1. Sylvia Saint
She is not the political figure, her husband was. Why is this here on the ticker?
We all shudder when we think about an elderly person falling because of their susceptibility to fractures. Nice to know she`s OK.
That said, her husband`s policies are the foundation for today`s economic troubles. "Trickle Down [Voodoo] Economics is PURE REAGAN. "Tax Cuts for Job Creators" is the fanatical rightwing conservative`s full exploitation of so-called "Reaganomics".
Unfortunately there are people who were Democrats in their 40s that supported the man, who now in their 70`s are facing assaults to Social Security & Medicare from HIS PARTY. They were blinded by shiny "social issues" [like gays, guns & god] and didn`t vote their self-interests. Today, we all pay a price for it.
Ronald Reagan IS NOT the "Mount Rushmore" material that his zealots make him out to be.
August 24, 2011 08:20 am at 8:20 am |
2. Sandy
I agree with Sylvia. That being said, I'm glad that Mrs. Regan is OK.
August 24, 2011 08:49 am at 8:49 am |
3. Sniffit
Oooh, maybe she swooned because Marco Rubio is such a big strapping conservatiev ideologue and wanted him to catch her.
BTW...well said sylvia...kudos.
August 24, 2011 09:25 am at 9:25 am |
4. Rudy NYC
Salute, Mr. Rubio. Everyone else, please do the same.
The biggest scam in American history has been Reaganomics. The old line about "Tax cuts for job creators" is a fictional assertion that carries no basis in facts. You want the facts, here they are.
Personal tax cuts for the wealthy do not create jobs. If the *individual* had any intention of "creating jobs" he already has the revenue to do it.
If they want to "create jobs", but do not have the revenue on hand to do it, then the extra revenue from a tax cut will not make a difference one way or the other. That person is alreadcy cash strapped if a tax cut makes that big of a difference, which it won't because the person is wealthy to bwegin with.
Tax cuts aimed at businesses, in particular small businesses, create jobs. A practice that liberals have always pushed and conservatives have always resisted.
August 24, 2011 09:29 am at 9:29 am |
5. Lynda/Minnesota
@ Sylvia:
Great comment! I agree 100%.
And am also glad Nancy Reagan is OK.
August 24, 2011 09:39 am at 9:39 am |
6. once upon a horse
Mrs Reagan is a classy lady and I am glad too that she was not seriously injured. Too bad if her husband were here today though the the current Republican party would be way to the right of him and might even consider him to be a RINO....especially this Tea party bunch. Not a fan here at all of the Regan policies, but at least he was a nice man. These people here aren't even nice, evident by what some Tea Party leader posted on her Facebook about pushing the Obamas out of an airplane. Just mean nasty politics now.
August 24, 2011 10:02 am at 10:02 am |
7. Dominican mama 4 Obama
Sylvia Saint your post was excellent and quite true.
August 24, 2011 10:44 am at 10:44 am |
8. vet in texas
The difference between Reagan and the rest of the GOP who came after him was the fact that Reagan was a B actor but could read scripts very well, which translated to reading speeches very well, and that was basically it. The reason the current GOP can't get their message out is that their message has been exposed (HW's voodoo economics sound bite), and all they have left are catch phrases the Gipper created, the ideology has been a proven failure and now is no more than a legend that wealthy people have made less wealthy people believe in, throw the word "handout" and "main stream media" in the mix and you have a conservative who makes $40K a year and listens to AM talk radio for their guidance and knowledge.
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| mini_pile | {'original_id': '0406c7dbe05ff62b9743086e0b449d96efd116950f2d6f114a82544bc086cef3'} |
\section{Equivalence of Definitions of Amicable Triplet}
Tags: Amicable Triplets, Definition Equivalences
\begin{theorem}
Let $m_1, m_2, m_3 \in \Z_{>0}$ be (strictly) positive integers.
{{TFAE|def = Amicable Triplet}}
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
For $n \in \Z_{>0}$, let $\map s n$ denote the aliquot sum of (strictly) positive integer $n$.
The sum of all the divisors of a (strictly) positive integer $n$ is $\map {\sigma_1} n$, where $\sigma_1$ is the divisor sum function.
The aliquot sum of $n$ is the sum of the divisors of $n$ with $n$ excluded.
Thus:
:$\map s n = \map {\sigma_1} n - n$
Suppose:
{{begin-eqn}}
{{eqn | l = \map s {m_1}
| r = m_2 + m_3
}}
{{eqn | l = \map s {m_2}
| r = m_1 + m_3
}}
{{eqn | l = \map s {m_3}
| r = m_1 + m_2
}}
{{end-eqn}}
Then:
{{begin-eqn}}
{{eqn | l = \map {\sigma_1} {m_1} - m_1
| r = m_2 + m_3
| c = {{Defof|Proper Divisor of Integer}}
}}
{{eqn | ll= \leadsto
| l = \map {\sigma_1} {m_1}
| r = m_1 + m_2 + m_3
| c =
}}
{{end-eqn}}
Similarly:
{{begin-eqn}}
{{eqn | l = \map {\sigma_1} {m_2} - m_2
| r = m_1 + m_3
| c = {{Defof|Proper Divisor of Integer}}
}}
{{eqn | ll= \leadsto
| l = \map {\sigma_1} {m_2}
| r = m_1 + m_2 + m_3
| c =
}}
{{end-eqn}}
and:
{{begin-eqn}}
{{eqn | l = \map {\sigma_1} {m_3} - m_3
| r = m_1 + m_2
| c = {{Defof|Proper Divisor of Integer}}
}}
{{eqn | ll= \leadsto
| l = \map {\sigma_1} {m_3}
| r = m_1 + m_2 + m_3
| c =
}}
{{end-eqn}}
Thus:
:$\map {\sigma_1} {m_1} = \map {\sigma_1} {m_2} = \map {\sigma_1} {m_3} = m_1 + m_2 + m_3$
The argument reverses.
{{qed}}
Category:Amicable Triplets
\end{proof}
| math_pile | {'subset': 'ProofWiki', 'meta': "{'type': 'Theorem_Proof'}", 'original_id': '47cb1b2a2b1b086f73e78e98fdad61fb0348dca6d078fd0cad448cc482367b9e'} |
Say you've got a MethodInfo, or any other sub-class of MemberInfo for that matter, in C#. Is it possible to retrieve the name of the file it was declared in and possibly the line numbers for where the declaration starts? This information has to exist somewhere in the debug-mode metadata since creating an instance of StackTrace will give you that information. Should I be looking in System.Diagnostics instead of System.Reflection?
The information about line numbers is coming from symbol files (or "program database" .pdb) typically. Tools like FxCop use the symbol file to link the IL back to the source code. I googled the following API for you: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.diagnostics.symbolstore.aspx
You should use the System.Diagnostics Symbol classes to pull information from the .pdb files. Here is a good blog on it
Something like this might work:
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
class Foo
static void Main()
static void SmallFunc()
static void PrintStack()
StackTrace st = new StackTrace(true); // true means get line numbers.
foreach(StackFrame f in st.GetFrames()) {
Your Answer
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The number of farmers markets in Los Angeles County has more than doubled over the last decade, from 53 to 129, and many of the venues are new, small and operated by neophytes. Such is the case with the Los Feliz farmers market, which was started five months ago by Helen Lee, a filmmaker who grew up in the area and got into the world of markets when she operated a crepe stand. She has started three markets since April; this one, sponsored by a nonprofit organization called Eco-Op, began near the well-known Dresden restaurant, but a month ago moved two blocks north to its current, more visible location in a post office parking lot. In this modest space Lee has managed to fit 25 stands, of which seven are certified produce vendors and 18 offer prepared foods and miscellaneous merchandise. The neighborhood invites strolling, but free local parking is scarce.
The produce vendors are a mixed bag, with just enough coverage of the essentials. Lee herself tends one of the stands, Jazzy Sprouts, for the owner. Mai Yang, a Hmong grower from Sanger, near Fresno, has the most wide-ranging selection, with a host of Asian vegetables (bok choy, yu choy, gai lan), turnips, nappa cabbage, purple yams and citrus (Oroblancos, navel oranges, satsumas); the family also sells at the Melrose Place and Hollywood markets.
The Santa Maria area, in northern Santa Barbara County, has become increasingly important in strawberry cultivation in recent years, and Brenda Farms, named after co-owner Jose Sanchez's sister, does a good job with the Albion variety. Early winter is the lowest point for production of strawberries, but they can still be quite good, and firmer than warm-weather berries, as long as they are not washed away in rainstorms or frozen. Unlike growers in many other areas, California strawberry farmers replant every year, and Sanchez says the harvest from his new plants should begin in about a month.
Tito Rivadeneira of Castaic, a retired paralegal who took up farming two years ago, brings cremini, portobello and oyster mushrooms, along with potatoes and eggs. These are put to good use at the yellow and chrome Gastrobus, which sells excellent, reasonably priced food prepared from market produce by J. Antonio Medina, a former Wolfgang Puck chef, and his wife, Lana. Among their offerings last Sunday were scrambled eggs with toast, cooked just right; mushrooms with tomato and garlic ragout; and smashed Yukon Gold potatoes with leek fondue and mustard.
Yuzu, a highly aromatic Japanese citrus, is well known for its use in ponzu sauce, and shreds or slivers of its rind are used to accent cooked vegetables, fish and noodles. The season is nearing its end, but in Japan it is traditional on the winter solstice or New Year's Day to take a yuzu bath, in which several whole fruits are floated. Mud Creek Ranch, Santa Monica Wednesday and Hollywood. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '4417dc25d2b8d49e8e4b972bd6470ebde2bf7b04352a4a80f2f6d5c1be61d17a'} |
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<div id="hero" class="hero">
<div ng-hide="hideHero">
<img src="assets/images/hero.jpg" class="heroImg" ng-hide="funsize">
<img src="assets/images/hero.jpg" class="heroImgfunsize" ng-show="funsize && !micro">
<img src="assets/images/hero-micro.jpg" class="heroImgmicro" ng-show="micro">
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-sm-8 text-center snapcta" ng-class="{'spanish': stateInfo.language === 'es'}">
<span class="line1">{{staticContent.hlo}}</span><br>
<span class="line2">{{staticContent.hlt}}</span><br>
<span class="line3">{{staticContent.hlth}}</span><br>
<span class="line4">{{staticContent.hlfo}} <span class="bullets">•</span> {{staticContent.hlft}} <span class="bullets">•</span> {{staticContent.hlfth}}</span>
<br />
<button type="button" ui-sref="apply" class="btn btn-success cta">{{staticContent.hbt}}</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="heroSteps">
<div class="container">
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-md-4 col-sm-4 steps">
<img src="assets/images/stepArrow.png" class="stepsArrow1" ng-hide="funsize">
<div class="heroStep" ng-class="{'ind':!funsize}">
<img src="assets/images/stepsIcon1.png" class="img-responsive">
<span class="stepsTitle"><strong>{{staticContent.hsot}}</strong></span><br>
<span class="stepsText">{{staticContent.hsob}}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-sm-4 steps">
<img src="assets/images/stepArrow.png" class="stepsArrow2" ng-hide="funsize">
<div class="heroStep" ng-class="{'ind2':!funsize}">
<img src="assets/images/stepsIcon2.png" class="img-responsive">
<span class="stepsTitle"><strong>{{staticContent.hstt}}</strong></span><br>
<span class="stepsText"><span ng-bind-html="staticContent.mhstb"></span><br> </span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-sm-4 steps">
<div class="heroStep">
<img src="assets/images/stepsIcon3.png" class="img-responsive">
<span class="stepsTitle"><strong>{{staticContent.hstht}}</strong></span><br>
<span class="stepsText">{{staticContent.hsthb}}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="information" class="information">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12 infoSection">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<img src="assets/images/infosection1.jpg" class="img-responsive">
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 infoText">
<h2 ng-bind-html="staticContent.isot"></h2><br />
<p>{{vm.content.block1}}</p><br /><br />
<button type="button" ui-sref="apply" class="btn btn-success mainCTAbtn">{{staticContent.ctat}}</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-12"><br /><br /><br /></div>
<div class="col-md-12 infoSection">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5 lgright">
<img src="assets/images/infosection2.jpg" class="img-responsive">
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-1 infoText">
<h2 ng-bind-html="staticContent.istt"></h2><br />
<p>{{vm.content.block2}}</p><br /><br />
<button type="button" ui-sref="apply" class="btn btn-success mainCTAbtn">{{staticContent.ctat}}</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-12"><br /><br /><br /></div>
<div class="col-md-12 infoSection">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-5">
<img src="assets/images/infosection3.jpg" class="img-responsive">
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 infoText">
<h2 ng-bind-html="staticContent.istth"></h2><br />
<p>{{vm.content.block3}}</p><br /><br />
<button type="button" ui-sref="apply" class="btn btn-success mainCTAbtn">{{staticContent.ctat}}</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="testimonials" class="testimonials">
<div ng-repeat="testimonial in vm.testimonials | orderBy: '-id'" class="testimones text-center" ng-show="vm.activeTest($index)">
<img ng-src="{{testimonial.background}}" class="testBg">
<div class="testQuote">
<span class="testBody">"{{testimonial.body}}"</span><br>
<span class="testAuthor">{{testimonial.author}}, {{testimonial.location}}</span><br>
<a ng-click="vm.watchVideoTestimonial(testimonial.video)" class="vidLink" ng-if="testimonial.video"><span class="fa fa-play-circle-o"></span></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="testCTA">
<ul class="list-unstyled list-inline testAvatars">
<li ng-repeat="testimonials in vm.testimonials | orderBy: '-id'" class="avatars text-center" ng-class="{'imgoverlay': !vm.activeTest($index)}" ng-click="vm.setTestimonial($index)">
<img ng-src="{{testimonials.avatar}}" class="avatar" ng-class="{active: vm.activeTest($index)}">
<span class="overlay"></span>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="container text-center">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<p>{{staticContent.tscta}}</p><br /><br />
<button type="button" ui-sref="apply" class="btn btn-success btn-lg mainCTAbtn">{{staticContent.ctao}}</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="locationFinder" class="footerForm location">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-4 col-sm-6 col-sm-offset-3 formContainer text-center">
<h3 class="hspace">{{staticContent.sfsl}}</h3>
<form name="findLocation" ng-submit="vm.findLocation()">
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control input-lg text-center" placeholder="Zip Code" ng-model="findLocation.zipCode">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block">{{staticContent.sfsb}}</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Shared entity library functions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SF.Entities = {}
--- Entity type
-- @shared
local ents_methods, ents_metamethods = SF.Typedef("Entity")
local wrap, unwrap = SF.CreateWrapper(ents_metamethods,true,true,debug.getregistry().Entity)
--- Entities Library
-- @shared
local ents_lib, _ = SF.Libraries.Register("entities")
-- ------------------------- Internal functions ------------------------- --
SF.Entities.Wrap = wrap
SF.Entities.Unwrap = unwrap
SF.Entities.Methods = ents_methods
SF.Entities.Metatable = ents_metamethods
SF.Entities.Library = ents_lib
--- Returns true if valid and is not the world, false if not
-- @param entity Entity to check
function SF.Entities.IsValid(entity)
return entity and entity:IsValid() and not entity:IsWorld()
end
local isValid = SF.Entities.IsValid
--- Gets the physics object of the entity
-- @return The physobj, or nil if the entity isn't valid or isn't vphysics
function SF.Entities.GetPhysObject(ent)
return (isValid(ent) and ent:GetMoveType() == MOVETYPE_VPHYSICS and ent:GetPhysicsObject()) or nil
end
local getPhysObject = SF.Entities.GetPhysObject
-- ------------------------- Library functions ------------------------- --
--- Returns the entity representing a processor that this script is running on.
-- May be nil
-- @return Starfall entity
function ents_lib.self()
local ent = SF.instance.data.entity
if ent then
return SF.Entities.Wrap(ent)
else return nil end
end
--- Returns whoever created the script
-- @return Owner entity
function ents_lib.owner()
return SF.WrapObject(SF.instance.player)
end
--- Same as ents_lib.owner() on the server. On the client, returns the local player
-- @name ents_lib.player
-- @class function
-- @return Either the owner (server) or the local player (client)
if SERVER then
ents_lib.player = ents_lib.owner
else
function ents_lib.player()
return SF.WrapObject(LocalPlayer())
end
end
--- Returns the entity with index 'num'
-- @name ents_lib.entity
-- @class function
-- @param num Entity index
-- @return entity
function ents_lib.entity( num )
SF.CheckType( num, "number" )
return SF.WrapObject(Entity(num))
end
-- ------------------------- Methods ------------------------- --
--- To string
-- @shared
function ents_metamethods:__tostring()
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not ent then return "(null entity)"
else return tostring(ent) end
end
--- Sets the color of the entity
-- @shared
-- @param clr New color
function ents_methods:setColor( clr )
SF.CheckType( clr, SF.Types["Color"] )
local this = unwrap(self)
this:SetColor(clr)
end
--- Gets the color of an entity
-- @shared
-- @return Color
function ents_methods:getColor()
local this = unwrap(self)
return this:GetColor()
end
--- Checks if an entity is valid.
-- @shared
-- @return True if valid, false if not
function ents_methods:isValid()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
return isValid(unwrap(self))
end
--- Returns the EntIndex of the entity
-- @shared
-- @return The numerical index of the entity
function ents_methods:entIndex()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:EntIndex()
end
--- Returns the class of the entity
-- @shared
-- @return The string class name
function ents_methods:getClass()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:GetClass()
end
--- Returns the position of the entity
-- @shared
-- @return The position vector
function ents_methods:getPos()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:GetPos()
end
--- Returns the x, y, z size of the entity's outer bounding box (local to the entity)
-- @shared
-- @return The outer bounding box size
function ents_methods:obbSize()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:OBBMaxs() - ent:OBBMins()
end
--- Returns the local position of the entity's outer bounding box
-- @shared
-- @return The position vector of the outer bounding box center
function ents_methods:obbCenter()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:OBBCenter()
end
--- Returns the world position of the entity's outer bounding box
-- @shared
-- @return The position vector of the outer bounding box center
function ents_methods:obbCenterW()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:LocalToWorld(ent:OBBCenter())
end
--- Returns the local position of the entity's mass center
-- @shared
-- @return The position vector of the mass center
function ents_methods:massCenter()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
local phys = getPhysObject(ent)
if not phys or not phys:IsValid() then return nil, "entity has no physics object or is not valid" end
return phys:GetMassCenter()
end
--- Returns the world position of the entity's mass center
-- @shared
-- @return The position vector of the mass center
function ents_methods:massCenterW()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
local phys = getPhysObject(ent)
if not phys or not phys:IsValid() then return nil, "entity has no physics object or is not valid" end
return ent:LocalToWorld(phys:GetMassCenter())
end
--- Returns the angle of the entity
-- @shared
-- @return The angle
function ents_methods:getAngles()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:GetAngles()
end
--- Returns the mass of the entity
-- @shared
-- @return The numerical mass
function ents_methods:getMass()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
local phys = getPhysObject(ent)
if not phys or not phys:IsValid() then return nil, "entity has no physics object or is not valid" end
return phys:GetMass()
end
--- Returns the principle moments of inertia of the entity
-- @shared
-- @return The principle moments of inertia as a vector
function ents_methods:getInertia()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
local phys = getPhysObject(ent)
if not phys or not phys:IsValid() then return nil, "entity has no physics object or is not valid" end
return phys:GetInertia()
end
--- Returns the velocity of the entity
-- @shared
-- @return The velocity vector
function ents_methods:getVelocity()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:GetVelocity()
end
--- Returns the angular velocity of the entity
-- @shared
-- @return The angular velocity vector
function ents_methods:getAngleVelocity()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local phys = getPhysObject(unwrap(self))
if not phys or not phys:IsValid() then return nil, "entity has no physics object or is not valid" end
return phys:GetAngleVelocity()
end
--- Converts a vector in entity local space to world space
-- @shared
-- @param data Local space vector
-- @return data as world space vector
function ents_methods:localToWorld(data)
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
SF.CheckType(data, "Vector")
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:LocalToWorld( data )
end
--- Converts an angle in entity local space to world space
-- @shared
-- @param data Local space angle
-- @return data as world space angle
function ents_methods:localToWorldAngles(data)
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
SF.CheckType(data, "Angle")
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:LocalToWorldAngles( data )
end
--- Converts a vector in world space to entity local space
-- @shared
-- @param data World space vector
-- @return data as local space vector
function ents_methods:worldToLocal(data)
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
SF.CheckType(data, "Vector")
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:WorldToLocal(data)
end
--- Converts an angle in world space to entity local space
-- @shared
-- @param data World space angle
-- @return data as local space angle
function ents_methods:worldToLocalAngles(data)
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
SF.CheckType(data, "Angle")
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:WorldToLocalAngles(data)
end
--- Gets the model of an entity
-- @shared
-- @return Model of the entity
function ents_methods:getModel()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:GetModel()
end
--- Gets the entitiy's eye angles
-- @shared
-- @return Angles of the entity's eyes
function ents_methods:eyeAngles()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:EyeAngles()
end
--- Gets the entity's eye position
-- @shared
-- @return Eye position of the entity
-- @return In case of a ragdoll, the position of the other eye
function ents_methods:eyePos()
SF.CheckType(self,ents_metamethods)
local ent = unwrap(self)
if not isValid(ent) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:EyePos()
end
--- Gets an entities' material
-- @shared
-- @class function
-- @return Material
function ents_methods:getMaterial ()
local ent = unwrap( self )
if not isValid( ent ) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
return ent:GetMaterial() or ""
end
--- Sets an entities' material
-- @shared
-- @class function
-- @param material, string, New material name.
-- @return The Entity being modified.
function ents_methods:setMaterial ( material )
SF.CheckType( material, "string" )
local ent = unwrap( self )
if not isValid( ent ) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
ent:SetMaterial( material )
return wrap( ent )
end
--- Sets an entities' bodygroup
-- @shared
-- @class function
-- @param bodygroup Number, The ID of the bodygroup you're setting.
-- @param value Number, The value you're setting the bodygroup to.
-- @return The Entity being modified.
function ents_methods:setBodygroup ( bodygroup, value )
SF.CheckType( bodygroup, "number" )
SF.CheckType( value, "number" )
local ent = unwrap( self )
if not isValid( ent ) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
ent:SetBodyGroup( bodygroup, value )
return wrap( ent )
end
--- Sets the skin of the entity
-- @shared
-- @class function
-- @param skinIndex Number, Index of the skin to use.
-- @return The Entity being modified.
function ents_methods:setSkin ( skinIndex )
SF.CheckType( skinIndex, "number" )
local ent = unwrap( self )
if not isValid( ent ) then return nil, "invalid entity" end
ent:SetSkin( skinIndex )
return wrap( ent )
end | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/awilliamson/Starfall/blob/master/lua/starfall/libs_sh/entities.lua', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': 'BSD-3-Clause', 'date': '', 'title': 'Starfall', 'creator': 'awilliamson', 'language': 'Lua', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '1460', 'token_count': '3402', '__index_level_0__': '2737', 'original_id': 'd21fb6f204d6a21f1a38421456bbe808699cb2f0fdf5febd594569e63dceb896'} |
Newsletter, Issue 17
FB relationship change photo3
Change 2) New Roles and Expectations
Our ‘Mummy’ and ‘Daddy’ Blueprint
With the arrival of a baby comes the arrival of a ‘mummy’ and a ‘daddy’. OK, pretty obvious! However perhaps not so obvious is that these new roles instantly bring new baggage with them. They bring the couples own experience of being parented, or not, by their ‘mummy’ and ‘daddy’, however that looked and with it a range of expectations of ourselves and our partner as parents. Most of these are unconscious and it is only when we notice ourselves re-enacting something our mum or dad would have done, or strongly reacting to something our partner is or is not doing as a parent, that we start to realise we have a set vision of how we want ‘mummy’ and daddy’ to be like.
How often have you heard someone say “I sound just like my own mum/dad when I say ‘x’ to my son/daughter” or that they are scared that they are turning into their mum or dad? Despite months of waiting and preparing, the reality is that we become parents overnight so, usually unconsciously, we act from our first blueprint – our own mum or dad.
Gender Differences
Gender differences are also exaggerated at this point. For example, many dads feel on the edge, excluded and lost when their baby arrives and unsure of their role. Fathers inevitably have a different relationship with their baby from that of the mother as the mother has physically ‘known’ her baby for months before he / she arrives. This can very easily leave dads feeling angry, resentful or jealous, some of which may be old feelings that have been triggered. For us mums there can be a whole new level of feeling torn and guilty as we try to balance responding to our baby’s needs alongside our own. And whilst a dad might return to some sort of normality with work, as mums at home with a newborn we have a whole new job without any job description or pay.
Belinda Phipps, CEO of NCT, recently said “relationship breakdown for couples is highest in the year after birth”. A statistic that emphasises that becoming parents, whether for the first, second or additional times brings greater pressure in our relationships, and that this is a stage in life where relational support can be invaluable.
Tip 2) How to Become Aware and Manage Role Expectations
Of course we have a choice and can consciously decide to parent differently and break family patterns, yet inevitably some patterns will be repeated. Changes tend to come as a reaction to our own experience or in a more sustainable way through new and increasing self-awareness. Ask yourselves:
* What did you each learn about the role of a ‘mummy’ and a ‘daddy’ from your parents?
* What expectations do you have of yourself as a parent as a result?
* When do you particularly sound or behave like your mum or dad?
* How did they divide the childcare between them? Was it equal or did one parent do more?
* Who managed the practicalities and logistics, the emotional stuff, the entertainment and fun and the discipline?
Having a discussion with your partner about what your parents were like and how that was for you as a child is very revealing and can bring new compassion for each other. It can help you both consciously create a joint vision of how you want to parent together; what you will choose to repeat and what aspects you will be trying to change. It will also flag where there is tension from differing views and how you might handle these. Be particularly aware of the natural gender differences, especially in the mother-baby bonding, and try to acknowledge your different roles and appreciate each other in what you bring rather than competing.
Dads are Vitally Important
dad n baby
I find it helps men to know that a dad’s job in the early days is to support and protect the mother and baby unit. Psychologically the bond between a mother and her baby is the basis for that child’s wellbeing as they grow up. Understanding this fact helps dads know that this support is a vital job and gives a clear focus rather than a sense of helplessness. As a child grows and starts to seek independence, a dad also makes all the difference by being available to his son or daughter so they can learn more from him and feel supported and safe as they separate from that early bond with their mother.
Richness and Compassion midst the Messiness
As I was writing this, I frequently noticed the desire to stop writing about what is such a complex topic, a bit for fear of not explaining it well and a bit for wishing it was easier and more humorous! Yet I have a passion for sharing my learning and perspective as it is this awareness that has made a difference to me as a mum and in my own marriage, and in my work with clients. The messy parental path and family stuff can lead to greater choice and richer relationships and above all a greater compassion for yourself and your partner, for both family and friends in their relationships and particularly for those who are new parents as they navigate the early years together. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.974143385887146}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '54062', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:C7DGLJZ7I7WV2XSKQ7LLBZWAIVRISFLX', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:76de3166-03ab-40fb-abfc-248dd413a2e7>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 5, 29, 9, 47, 33), 'WARC-IP-Address': '185.53.59.8', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:JQLWNPJD33TIOSEGEMIDL6GBAOO5WU3G', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:8b86f1ba-e812-4a1c-bab5-e222e143a56e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://yourrelationshipcoach.co.uk/parenthood-a-relationship-step-part-2/?v=79cba1185463', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:e6e5b8fb-b67b-4ade-9be1-332ee983ff79>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '880', 'url': 'https://yourrelationshipcoach.co.uk/parenthood-a-relationship-step-part-2/?v=79cba1185463', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-24\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May/June 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-190.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.028843283653259277', 'original_id': 'b7604e84836d74dcf3d4300e3c64e8538e8a25b9f2f549e84d8b3d2733161295'} |
The invention relates to recreational boats, and, more particularly, to seats for such boats.
It is known to provide a recreational boat with a seat that pivots about a generally vertical axis. It is also known to provide other types of recreational vehicles with similar seats. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '48331967a130d63d0f4892f680b860e1ff8165dd2d8807d13af98ad51ce8ed8e'} |
Billy McFarland, the supposedly wealthy co-organizer of the disastrous Fyre Festival, arrived at a court hearing with a public defender on Saturday before being released on $300,000 bail following his Friday arrest for wire fraud
Time
Wilmington Mayor Michael Purzycki's 31-year-old son isn't just the chief executive officer of Jerry Media, a multimedia empire centered on the wildly popular meme-making Instagram page and brand @F—Jerry.
He's now a film producer preparing to drop his first movie: a Netflix documentary about the failed 2017 Fyre Festival in the Bahamas — a disastrous "luxury" music festival that left attendees stranded and the festival organizer in prison.
Fyre Festival attendees in the Bahamas in 2017.(Photo: Courtesy of Netflix)
"Powerful models built this festival and then one picture of cheese on toast ripped down the festival," Purzycki is seen saying to the camera.
A disastrous festival promoted by supermodels
The film, which will be released Friday, promises to be an "exclusive behind the scenes look at the infamous unraveling" of the festival, which was created by entrepreneur (and now convicted felon) Billy McFarland, along with rapper Ja Rule.
The festival, held in the Bahamas, was supposed to be a glittering experience for the affluent featuring performances by in-demand national acts such as Migos and Blink-182 as well as ritzy amenities and bikini-clad supermodels.
But when the first festivalgoers arrived after paying between $4,000 to $12,000 to attend, they quickly realized they weren't getting what they thought they were.
Instead of luxury villas, accommodations were disaster relief tents with dirt floors and wet mattresses. The gourmet meals they were promised were replaced with sandwiches. And there was little support staff with the festival devolving into a free-for-all once attendees realized they were largely on their own.
After one festivalgoer tweeted his meal — two slices of American cheese and two slices of whole wheat bread with limp lettuce and mealy tomato slices — and others began complaining on social media, the festival was postponed.
The spectacle, which landed McFarland in federal prison in October for six years on wire fraud charges related to the festival, has spawned a pair of documentaries.
Social media posts from unhappy festival-goers were the first signs of trouble coming out of Fyre Festival.(Photo: Courtesy of Netflix)
War of words: 'Fyre' vs. 'Fyre Fraud'
While Purzycki's "FYRE" will begin on the Netflix video streaming service this weekend, a competing documentary, "Fyre Fraud," was released Monday on streaming service Hulu with no advance notice.
The move has sparked accusations of conflict-of-interest between the competing documentaries.
When "Fyre Fraud" dropped Monday, "FYRE" director Chris Smith told sports and pop culture website The Ringer that the filmmakers behind "Fyre Fraud" paid McFarland for an exclusive interview which is featured prominently in their film.
“[McFarland] told us that they were offering $250,000 for an interview," Smith said.
"Fyre Fraud" co-director Jenner Furst admitted to The Ringer that they paid McFarland for an eight-hour interview and for licensed behind-the-scenes footage, but said it was less than $250,000.
And then Furst said it was "FYRE" that actually had the ethics problem since F---Jerry helped market Fyre Festival.
In her interview, Furst said, "I feel like there’s a bigger ethically compromised position, and that’s going and partnering with folks who marketed the Fyre Festival and were well aware that this was not going to happen as planned."
In turn, Netlfix released a statement defending Jerry Media's involvement in the film.
Attendees of Fyre Festival arrive in the Bahamas in 2017.(Photo: Courtesy of Netflix)
"We were happy to work with Jerry Media and a number of others on the film. At no time did they, or any others we worked with, request favorable coverage in our film, which would be against our ethics," it read. "We stand behind our film."
Purzycki defends Jerry Media
Purzycki, who did not respond to interview requests from The News Journal this week, spoke about his company's involvement in the festival with Town Square Delaware in an article published last week.
"We were responsible for their social media designs and helping with marketing, pre-launch," he told the online publication. "We were one of six New York marketing agencies working together. One of the agencies did a great job: the event sold out. Where the festival failed was on the island."
The rival documentaries and ensuing sniping have garnered both films plenty of free advertising this week thanks to a wave of articles about the rivalry. The Hollywood Reporter wrote Tuesday that the films "make for an often irresistible and provocative pairing."
The reviews are in
TV critics are also weighing in.
Ahead of its release, the 97-minute "FYRE" had a strong score of 92 on film review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes with "Fyre Fraud" not ranked.
A sampling of the reviews for "FYRE":
TV Guide: "Just when you think 'FYRE'...couldn't get any more unbelievable, it gets more unbelievable," Malcolm Venable wrote. "'FYRE' may be a plainly told tale about how one guy conned a whole generation, but its immersive reporting and restraint make it a masterful meditation on 21st century culture and fame, as well as the societal norms that allow young white men like McFarland to bluff, bluster, bullsh-t and bargain their way to the top without resistance or concern for who might be collateral damage. It's a defining true crime story for the Internet age."
Fyre Festival founder Billy McFarland, who is currently serving a six-year prison sentence for wire fraud related to the failed festival.(Photo: Courtesy of Netflix)
Consequence of Sound: "It’s a gripping, fascinating watch, an elegantly assembled portrait of the end result of influencer culture and late-stage capitalism – the blind leading the blind into an empty, insubstantial image of success and luxury that turns out to be nothing but smoke," Clint Worthington penned.
The Guardian: "The film’s ace is how it contrasts the 'official' high-resolution material with salvaged social media content and genuinely startling behind-the-scenes footage," declared Adrian Horton. "And then there’s the footage of the festival itself, a distinctly 2017 horror show almost too ripe for parody: wealthy and young music enthusiasts, chasing tequila shots and the best light, reduced to looting mattresses while carrying a selfie stick."
Time: "The apparent ease with which McFarland duped so many professionals (most of them white men) into helping him defraud thousands of 'average losers' (also mostly white men, judging by festival footage) is a depressing indictment on a festival industry in which images of scantily clad models gyrating against Instagrammable sunsets are presumed to be a better investment than good music," Jusy Berman concluded.
Vogue: "Smith does a terrific job of stringing it all into a taut narrative—but the real revelation of Fyre is in the insider interviews. Here are software engineers who worked for McFarland’s app, event organizers he hired to pull off the festival, and the social media marketers who aided and abetted his illusion. They all speak candidly about how they were caught up and carried along. It’s startling to see so many urbane, sophisticated, young creatives—the kind of cool kids our media economy reveres—ensnared in old-fashioned criminality," Taylor Antrim wrote. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '1b4a77067dc844e67f95bd0c0eafab550044b91b96d9ecb2d9124e7df90e6c00'} |
A UK study says that tobacco and alcohol are 40 times more harmful than cannabis, LSD, and ecstasy!
Did our Health teachers lie to us? What about our legislators? According to a UK study, tobacco and alcohol are more harmful than LSD, heroin, or ecstasy. The reason is because the researchers define "harm" as anything causing negative consequences to the user or those around the user. The study finds that "together tobacco and alcohol cause 'approximately 40 times the total number of deaths from all illegal drugs combined.'"
The report divided drugs into three classes. Class A (the most harmful) includes heroin, LSD, ecstasy, and cocaine. Class B has codeine and amphetamines among it's ranks. The lowest and seemingly least dangerous (and least punishable for possessing or dealing according to their recommendations) is Class C, which has valium, anabolic steroids, and cannabis.
The report, published by the House of Commons Science and Technology Committee, specifically states that tobacco would be on the border between Class B and Class C (which are recommended to be punishable by 2-5 years in jail), and alcohol would be on the border between a Class A and Class B drug, punishable by 5-7 years in jail. Together, the two drugs are toxic.
The report concedes that it would not be feasible to expect a penalty-based system commensurate with the one for their Class A-C drugs, but they do assert that the harms of tobacco and alcohol are so great that more education, separate from penalties, is warranted to give the public a better understanding of these hazards. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9587301015853882}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '69297', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:Z4GNVSXARLXKG3CT2G2BTBCLND2ETFDK', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:22fb6150-f7b5-4ef9-83cf-83641b342f26>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 1, 8, 23, 20), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.243.246.85', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:3QFDZ4QEPHPUASJ4YDSXZ47DPQSQPORG', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:10f9f4a3-db24-4007-b988-ef78585dc19a>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.omgfacts.com/lists/14672/A-UK-study-says-that-tobacco-and-alcohol-are-40-times-more-harmful-than-cannabis-LSD-and-ecstasy', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:a9cee4f2-3b0a-4fb3-9542-66d195313210>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '256', 'url': 'http://www.omgfacts.com/lists/14672/A-UK-study-says-that-tobacco-and-alcohol-are-40-times-more-harmful-than-cannabis-LSD-and-ecstasy', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-28-5-156.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2015-11\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for February 2015\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.09808909893035889', 'original_id': '6526f60d48acff923cb3496f18d4f727c05020e9cbeaa0609963a13cb8147f22'} |
Camera Snorkel Mask
Camera Snorkel Mask
Imagine being submerged deep in the abyss and all of the sudden a beautiful mermaid appears right in front of you. You know just like in that Tom Hanks movie, Splash.
Well, if that does happen it’s likely that no one will believe it, and you might even end up being committed to some sort of “hospital” unless you happened to have a Camera Snorkel Mask to prove that you actually did in fact see a beautiful mermaid!
take a look
Become a Fan!+1Pin it on PinterestSubmit to StumbleUponShare on Twitter | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9400235414505004}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '28309', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:LNNDPO7B2E5QH4IGK5JWCTL6D6LUNGAW', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f802da0f-6ee1-41c8-9146-b97348aecd83>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 23, 0, 59, 7), 'WARC-IP-Address': '69.163.163.169', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:QSVVL55OAJBPLOISECZPXJNK74X5IPBQ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:9935f200-e69a-473e-b603-8a3a02219d2e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.scrolldom.com/camera-snorkel-mask/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:759afe6d-c7be-4e81-888a-3c8c7d48519c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '97', 'url': 'http://www.scrolldom.com/camera-snorkel-mask/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-37-160-190.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.6241633892059326', 'original_id': 'fa63c3c22df9d418a27ace1062d91f405b1f0dd2e2a54dfb24d57addfbc9d344'} |
Audio/Video Control
A modern house has integrated multimedia systems (audio/video), distributed on different areas, able to interact with each other.
A “multizone” audio system offers the possibility of listening your favorite music no matter where you are in the house, without having to take with you your CD player or Ipod. Such a system has the ability to use and control multiple sources of music, for any of the building areas. Each of these areas can be programmed to play independently or together, the sound on various audio sources (FM tuner, CD player, DVD player, TV, Ipod, Media Server, Internet Radio).
Surround home cinema systems realistically introduce you in the atmosphere of the movies. Designing a modern living room must take these functionalities into account. Speakers location and distances between them and the listener must be precisely defined to ensure optimum listening. Often these “technical” conditions significantly change the configuration of the furniture in the room. HD Television and lately the 3D movies available on new projectors allow an unique experience.
In office buildings the classical function of public address can be converted into “ambient sound” improving the atmosphere for those who work.
The control interface of the audio and video systems is the same as the one of other functions of the house. With a single touch you can start the music, the light changes into an “atmosphere” scene, the curtains go down and the air conditioning system calms down for audition. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '2', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9195599555969238}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '59616', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:AMZ2H44FWZJ3VCNZVTNH4P4YPEVMLT7O', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:da93ee17-7923-4dee-81ea-d357249a7081>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 18, 23, 16, 45), 'WARC-IP-Address': '89.42.219.63', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:OLZ5Y3TZIQPIXQ62XRQYFF5GJWWOL2DV', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b0a41265-6b9a-4cb8-913a-739c1520450e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://amavys.ro/en/controlul-audiovideo/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:dc6b3bad-b830-4dba-b8d6-23711b5ccb5b>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '237', 'url': 'http://amavys.ro/en/controlul-audiovideo/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-18\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-166-27-36.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06842535734176636', 'original_id': '1b48cb22bbf91ba1d712cf6e35413c391a5d92a60ef1c917a2f3095f7b861df7'} |
This template draws prediction and confidence interval bands for a simple regression of Y vs. X on a scatterplot of the data. It also calculates the exact endpoints of these intervals for a user-defined X-value. The user has control over the confidence level, the X-value for the calculated interval, and the color of the lines on the interval plot. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8503595590591431}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '24103', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:3C2CNJZS7OVDLCE2WR2PF5OVHO72C74O', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:976d9a92-9178-41a2-b499-cd8d374955f1>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 23, 18, 0, 39), 'WARC-IP-Address': '45.79.130.90', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:INFWTEAZYALNCR3QAVB6FRE3HQSMXU4L', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:64eeacf6-1be3-4b8a-9ca3-c3f5607ae589>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://datadescription.com/template/simple-regression-intervals/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:1001b3af-5bf5-4079-8697-1ec389766a71>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '59', 'url': 'https://datadescription.com/template/simple-regression-intervals/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-103.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.3280220627784729', 'original_id': 'ec62ba15e4fbabd55c90becd87b2c48b02b0ea624209a6c1bc882b4176078d35'} |
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</html> | the_stack | {'hexsha': '0df4e393afd3baf81291f2dd6ccd0e57149fab7c', 'size': '10742', 'ext': 'html', 'lang': 'HTML', 'max_stars_repo_path': 'scout-gg-server/templates/home.html', 'max_stars_repo_name': 'drigobon/prep.gg', 'max_stars_repo_head_hexsha': '5db0e5eb99acd7bd41d7546629d6f1b53db2f46e', 'max_stars_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_stars_count': '', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_max_datetime': '', 'max_issues_repo_path': 'scout-gg-server/templates/home.html', 'max_issues_repo_name': 'drigobon/prep.gg', 'max_issues_repo_head_hexsha': '5db0e5eb99acd7bd41d7546629d6f1b53db2f46e', 'max_issues_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_issues_count': '', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_max_datetime': '', 'max_forks_repo_path': 'scout-gg-server/templates/home.html', 'max_forks_repo_name': 'drigobon/prep.gg', 'max_forks_repo_head_hexsha': '5db0e5eb99acd7bd41d7546629d6f1b53db2f46e', 'max_forks_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_forks_count': '', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_max_datetime': '', 'avg_line_length': '43.6666666667', 'max_line_length': '164', 'alphanum_fraction': '0.4353006889', 'original_id': '7f89d71be0901142dde0f55285c55eb37b193ff19cac67b8efb256f6d6625c46'} |
The Obama Administration’s mandate under the Obamacare statute that many religious employers provide health care coverage for contraception, abortifacients, and sterilization tramples upon their free exercise of religion. The Obama Administration should immediately exempt such religious employers from the contraception mandate. The Administration’s trampling upon religious liberty with the contraception mandate illustrates yet again the need to repeal the Obamacare statute.
What the Obamacare Statute Says
Those HRSA guidelines currently provide for “All Food and Drug Administration approved contraceptive methods, sterilization procedures, and patient education and counseling for all women with reproductive capacity.” Thus, the Obamacare statute mandates that employer group health plans cover all FDA-approved contraceptive methods, including contraception, sterilization procedures, and “emergency contraception” (as the FDA calls the Plan B, Plan B One-Step, Next Choice, and Ella “morning-after” pills).
Obama Administration Issues Regulations, Heritage Responds
The Obama Administration published its interim regulations implementing the contraception mandate in the Federal Register on August 3, 2011. On August 9, 2011, The Heritage Foundation filed comments with the Secretaries of Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor and the Treasury, to urge the Administration to expand the very narrow religious exemption under the interim rules — which focused principally on houses of worship and their ministers — to cover religious institutions, such as religious hospitals and charities, out of respect for the First Amendment freedom of religion.
On January 20, 2012, Secretary of HHS Kathleen Sebelius issued a statement that, instead of expanding the religious exemption to cover more religious institutions, she would give the institutions an additional year during which to comply with the contraception mandate. The Obama Administration decision to command religious institutions to violate their religious beliefs a year from now is no better than a command to violate their beliefs immediately.
How The Obamacare Statute Violates Religious Freedom
The Obamacare statute and implementing regulations command some religious institutions to do what their religion commands them not to do. To take one example, the Catechism of the Roman Catholic Church commands that “human life must be respected and protected absolutely from the moment of conception,” and the papal encyclical on human life that sets forth the Church’s beliefs regarding life prohibits “direct interruption of the generative process already begun,” “sterilization,” and “any action which either before, at the moment of, or after sexual intercourse, is specifically intended to prevent procreation . . . .”
The Obamacare statute’s mandate to a Catholic institution to provide health insurance coverage for its employees that covers contraceptives, abortifacients, and sterilization clashes directly with the Church’s mandate based on religious belief that the institution not do so. The authors of the Bill of Rights foresaw the emergence of such clashes and wisely provided in the First Amendment that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. . . .”
The HHS and the other departments recognized, in the preamble to the interim rules, that “the Departments seek to provide for a religious accommodation that respects the unique relationship between a house of worship and its employees in ministerial positions,” and provided a narrow religious exemption. Such an exemption falls far short, however, of the protection the First Amendment contemplates; it covers houses of worship, but not, for example, religious hospitals or charities.
Exemption of religious institutions from the Obamacare contraception mandate does not involve a clash of the constitutional rights of a religious employer with the constitutional rights of its employees regarding contraception (as enunciated by the U.S. Supreme Court in Griswold v. Connecticut, 1965) or abortion (Roe v. Wade, 1973). Such an exemption in no way limits the freedom of employees of those religious institutions to obtain contraceptive services, to obtain insurance covering contraceptive services from a source other than their employer, or to seek employment with other than a religious employer.
What the Obama Administration Should Do
The Department of Health and Human Services should broadly exempt religious institutions in its final regulations implementing the Obamacare contraception mandate, pending repeal of that mandate as part of the Obamacare statute repeal. Such an exemption would allow the religious institutions both to adhere, as they must, to the tenets of their faiths and to provide group health care plans for their employees. Absent such an exemption, many religious institutions, following their faiths, will have no alternative but to stop making group health plans available to their employees and pay any fines for failure to do so.
Surely President Obama did not intend what he considers his signature legislative achievement to trample on freedom of religion and to result in the loss of group health care coverage for employees of religious institutions. This is, after all, the man who told us all in 2006 that “secularists are wrong when they ask believers to leave their religion at the door before entering into the public square.”
Mr. President, the problem is clear and your Cabinet has not fixed it. Please direct Secretary Sebelius to expand the religious institution exemption, now. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '173', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9301133751869202}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '96449', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:MX3CVY4N7PO5UY7D2MDTQ2ACWCKZBJUV', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:64852907-0f5f-4cf3-b9a4-cb5c13a2f001>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 10, 31, 10, 12, 8), 'WARC-IP-Address': '72.21.81.133', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:6PFFDERUWZTNQIBSJ7PPP76TYWGSHCYZ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:59a28302-065f-4e60-b0d0-5254a5ba8e6f>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://dailysignal.com/2012/02/01/obamacares-contraception-mandate-tramples-on-religious-liberty/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:fd0f7c81-8515-4977-9cf1-afcd1463e77c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '886', 'url': 'http://dailysignal.com/2012/02/01/obamacares-contraception-mandate-tramples-on-religious-liberty/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-42\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for October 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.018145978450775146', 'original_id': 'f1882d602e5db9184b17eb220c1450aa17eeb4eacab855df16db8f25ddcd305c'} |
Wednesday, June 15, 2011
Ernie Comes to Town
I was recently contacted by reader Cleo Bee Jones, who shared that back in 1936, a piece about her uncles from St. Vincent was featured in a column by the well-known reporter, Ernie Pyle. She asked if I'd like to see it, and I said boy, would I!
Tales of Two Towns in the Northwest:Brothers by Wholesale in Minnesota, and Nocturnal Disturbances in Dakota
by Ernie Pyle of the Washington Daily News
August 25, 1936
Pembina, N.D. - I am crazy about the towns of Pembina and St. Vincent. Because of a couple of events that happened last night. They are virtually the same town, except that St. Vincent is in Minnesota and Pembina is in North Dakota. They're both just a stroll from the Canadian border.
Each town is about as big as a pinhead; the Red River (of the North) runs between them. That's one trouble with this country - there are too many Red Rivers. I have crossed a dozen, and I don't know yet which one the song was written about. But let's get on with what happened last night...
Once I knew an aviator in the East whose name was Vern Lucas. He was a swell fellow. But he was killed. His widow bundled up the four children and went back to the home town. That was five years ago.
Now, while driving up through flattish northern Minnesota, with my head out of the window, better to see through the dust. I happened to remember this widow's home town was St. Vincent, Minnesota, which lay just ahead.
So I pulled up in front of a grocery along the gravel street and asked a fellow if he knew a Mrs. Lucas, whose husband had been an aviator, and was killed. He said yes, indeed, but that she was married again and living in Hallock, which I had already come through, about ten (sic) miles back.
A fellow came around on the other side of the car, opened the door, and got in beside me. A little unusual, I thought, but maybe just a local custom. He held out his hand. "I heard you ask for Mrs. Lucas," he said. "Well, I'm her brother."
So I explained where I had known the Lucases, and that I had been at the airport the night Vern was killed. You would have thought I was a long lost brother.
St. Vincent native and aviation pioneer, Vernon R. Lucas...
We sat and chatted, and pretty soon the brother sitting beside me (his name was Manford Lang) called to a fellow walking down the street, "Hey, come here!"
So the fellow came over, and Manford said, "This is my brother, Earl."
We talked for awhile and pretty soon Manford said, "Let's go down to the beer parlor." So we did, and when we walked in Manford took me around behind the bar and said, "This is my brother, Lawrence."
We went around in front of the bar, and Manford said, "This is my brother so and so..." I lost track of the names about there, and I said, "My God, how long is this going to keep up?" And Lawrence laughed and said, "A long time...There's 12 of us - seven boys and five girls. We're all around here, too, except one boy down in South Dakota."
So I said, "Well, I'm going over to Pembina and go to bed before some more of you show up." Which I did. Except that just as I was getting into bed, the phone rang and it was Lawrence down at the beer parlor saying that his sister, the former Mrs. Lucas, had got word by grapevine telegraph and had driven right over from Hallock, and would be up in a minute.
So, I slipped on my pants and sweater over my pajamas and went down, and sat and talked with her and her husband for an hour, and I was happy about it, because I saw that she was happy, and had been able to put her old grief away from her, and begun a new life. That is what all wives of dead aviators should do, but many of them cannot.
They called it a hotel, but it was really just a private house. My room was the second-floor front porch, and there were two huge beds in it. There were no locks, and nobody even shut his door.
About midnight I finally wore myself out trying to decide which bed to sleep in, and fell into a great snore, which must have ripped long streaks in the golden North Dakota moonbeam that streamed through the window.
Suddenly a loud siren started to blow. It would have awakened the devil himself. It was a quarter to 3. People started running along the street. But I said, "Nope, I'm too sleepy."
In another minute or two, people started running out of my own house. From the darkness I heard a woman say, in the most agonized surprise I have ever heard: "Oh my God, my God!" And then quick panicky running steps down the street.
That was too much. For the second time that night my pants and sweater went on over my pajamas. I dashed down the dark stairs, caught my foot in a rug, rammed my head into the wall, worked loose, and was off down the dark street like a winged Vulcan with club feet. It was a fire alright.
The whole thing was burned down when I got there. Just one corner still standing, with a doorway in it, and a small section of roof just above it. All the rest was a bright blazing heap on the ground.
I asked a fellow if everybody got out. He looked at me and laughed. "What's the matter?" I said. "It was a barn," he said. "There wasn't anything in it."
The town firemen were there with their hose cart shooting water on a pile of railroad ties nearby. The siren was still blowing. One fellow said it was caught, and they couldn't get it stopped. Everybody in town was there, half dressed. I never would have suspected that so many women in the a little place like Pembina wore purple lounging pajamas.
After awhile the remaining corner of the barn - the corner with the door in it - fell over. People started going home. They finally got the siren shut off. I went home, too, and hung my pants over the back of the chair, ready for jumping into at a moment's notice.
First page of original draft of St. Vincent/Pembina article
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Plugged In
Got an iPhone 5? Get these games first
If you're among the millions who pre-ordered an iPhone 5 or braved the elements (and friendly ridicule) to stand in line to get one in person, what are you planning on doing with it?
Tons of stuff, we'd reckon, but almost certainly you'll want to test out that fancy 4-inch Retina screen and speedy A6 processor by checking out some new games for your new toy. Sadly, EA's Real Racing 3 -- the one game Apple chose to show off the device's gaming potential during their iPhone 5 press conference -- won't be out of the shop until later this year. Try these eight showstoppers instead.
Wild Blood
Gameloft, $6.99
King Arthur's court gets a mobile makeover in this gorgeous hack 'n slash action romp. You play as a demon-slicing version of Sir Lancelot out to stop your mad king from unleashing hell. You know, just like the books! Except the books weren't powered by the Unreal Engine 3, which helps make Wild Blood one of the most graphically rich games ever to grace an iOS device. Better yet, it's already been fully-optimized for the new screen on your iPhone 5, so get hacking.
BitMonster, $4.99
This offbeat mix of adventure and role-playing is getting lots of buzz this week, and for good reason -- it's really cool. You'll help botany student Lili explore a strange island, leveling up her abilities in order to perform better in the game's curious 'non-combat' flower-picking sequences. Also optimized for the iPhone 5 (it works on some older devices as well), the game's delightful delivery and imaginative design make it an easy buy for both adults and kids.
The Walking Dead
Telltale Games, $4.99 per episode
We've already gushed plenty about Telltale's riveting take on The Walking Dead, but if somehow you've still not checked it, it's time to get some brains and grab the iOS version. It's a five-part episodic journey through a world devastated by a zombie outbreak, but carves its own path through the hit franchise with new characters and innovative storytelling. Only the first two episodes are currently available for iPhone users, but they pack more emotional punch than just about any game you'll play on a mobile device.
Fieldrunners 2
Subatomic, $2.99
It's not the most technically complex game you can own for your iPhone, but it's undoubtedly one of the best. The long-awaited sequel to the game that turned tower-defense gameplay into an iOS staple, Fieldrunners 2 is chock full of towers to build, money to earn, and runners to defeat. Fantastic cartoonish visuals keep the action fast and frantic even when zoomed in, though we don't recommend doing too much of that -- it's a fair share harder than the original.
Zynga, $2.99
Yes, it's from social game kingpin Zynga, but no, it's not a farm game. Or a city builder. Or a ripoff of a farm game or a city builder. It's Horn, an original third-person action adventure that drops you into the boots of a blacksmith's apprentice out to -- you guessed it -- save the world. Bursting with charm and packing console-quality graphics thanks to the Unreal Engine 3, Horn is something of a poor man's The Legend of Zelda. For only three bucks, it's a steal of an iPhone 5 showpiece.
Real Racing 2
Firemint, $0.99
Had EA actually launched Real Racing 3 alongside the iPhone 5, there would be no need to grab this version. But for a mere 99 cents, you won't find a better simulation substitute while you wait for the next game. It's a stunner, boasting spot-on physics and intricately detailed, high-octane beasts, including formidable rides like the Shelby GT-500 and the blazingly fast McLaren MP4-12C.
N.O.V.A. 3
Gameloft, $6.99
Gameloft might not be the most trailblazing mobile game creator in the world, but you can't argue with their dedication to bringing console-quality games to iOS devices. The N.O.V.A. series is their take on Halo, though the latest version feels a lot like EA's hit shooter Crysis, too. It also feels -- and plays -- like the best first-person shooter on iOS, pushing graphical boundaries while adding rare iOS features like multiplayer voice chat. It's too fancy to run well on older iOS devices, but it's a great match for your iPhone 5.
Infinity Blade II
Chair Entertainment, $2.99
There's a good chance you've already spent plenty of quality time with this action-packed graphical powerhouse, but it's still a top choice for showing off new hardware. It's also enjoyed lots of cool updates since its launch, including massive 'ClashMob' events and two new expansion packs. Consider this a baseline test for the improved performance of the iPhone 5.
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Hawking too ill to make 70th birthday celebration
Sunday - 1/8/2012, 2:57pm ET
Associated Press
University of Cambridge Vice Chancellor Leszek Borysiewicz told the conference that Hawking, who is almost completely paralyzed because of Lou Gehrig's disease, had only recently been discharged from the hospital for an unspecified ailment.
"Unfortunately his recovery has not been fast enough for him to be able to be here," Borysiewicz said.
Hawking's speech _ delivered in his distinctive, robotic monotone _ charmed the audience of scientists, students and journalists gathered at Cambridge's Lady Mitchell Hall.
A black hole expert, Hawking is one of the leading lights in theoretical astrophysics. His achievements are all the more remarkable because of his Lou Gehrig's disease, an incurable degenerative disorder with which he was diagnosed as a 21-year-old. Most people die within a few years of the diagnosis, but Hawking has defied the odds and spent half a century carrying out pioneering research.
He owes much of his fame to his best-selling series of works popularizing the latest developments in theoretical astrophysics. "A Brief History of Time," published in 1988, has alone has sold millions of copies. A host of other books, including "A Briefer History of Time," have followed.
Nevertheless the condition _ known as motor neurone disease in the U.K _ has made life difficult. Since catching pneumonia in 1985, he has needed around-the-clock care.
Hawking relies on a computerized wheelchair to move around and a voice synthesizer to speak. His fragile health has forced him to cancel appearances in the past.
Borysiewicz didn't say when Hawking was hospitalized or specify the nature of his condition, but he did say that Hawking would be well enough to meet some of the attendees over the next week.
Despite his absence Sunday, Hawking's celebrity status was evident at Lady Mitchell Hall, where hundreds crowded into the auditorium to hear prominent researchers outline the latest developments in cosmology.
Outside the venue, three teenagers _ self-described "groupies" _ waited in hope of catching a glimpse of the eminent scientist.
Eighteen-year-old engineering student Marianna Sykopetritou said that seeing Hawking would be "a once-in-a-lifetime" experience. She said that the event had a page-and-a-half-long waiting list.
In his recorded message, Hawking said explaining the universe to the wider public was a duty, and that the issue had far more than just theoretical interest.
"If you understand how the universe operates," he said, "you control it in a way."
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(ITS#4551) refreshOnly fails if provider is ever unreachable
Full_Name: Darren Gamble
Version: 2.3.20
OS: Linux (CentOS4)
Submission from: (NULL) (
Good day,
We are evaluating OpenLDAP for our use, and have two machines configured with
OpenLDAP 2.3.20 (CentOS4). One machine is i386, which is a provider, and the
other is x86_64, which is a consumer. We are testing refreshOnly as the
replication type.
We have set up both servers without much trouble, loaded data, and confirmed
that replication works as expected when the consumer comes up, and when we
change data.
fairly easily.
broken until someone manually restarts the consumer's slapd (assuming the
syncrepl rid=123
searchbase="o=Shaw Cablesystems,c=CA"
Please let us know if you need any more information. Thanks! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '39', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8450201153755188}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '4269', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:JXJDM46Q4ZBU75G2FO2OIOCRF6THNXAS', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:5b1b345e-cc42-468e-9fdb-4f9c9a667fca>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2013, 12, 13, 12, 21, 32), 'WARC-IP-Address': '204.152.186.57', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:IYY7WQ4E4KQMJVZO6TRIE4LHHXVQWNMQ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:fc4291c5-46f5-4a1a-be11-d1e6adc4ec56>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.openldap.org/lists/openldap-bugs/200605/msg00062.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:13adedaa-6078-44b4-94db-b104f7a33b1e>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '209', 'url': 'http://www.openldap.org/lists/openldap-bugs/200605/msg00062.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2013-48\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for Winter 2013\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.18336385488510132', 'original_id': 'a9dfaa665d05ab4615754599ebead2ff9624fdb2a933ec3eb7de38640b9efd9e'} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-diagnostics-10-00489}
===============
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a congenital systemic disease inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder, with manifestation since birth, characterized by chronic and progressive symptoms \[[@B1-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. The disease is caused by mutations that occur in Cystic Fibrosis Conductance Regulator (*CFTR*) gene, encoding a protein largely expressed in epithelial cells, which has the role of regulating the chloride efflux across the cellular membrane. Mutations in *CFTR* gene lead to protein degradation, protein misfunctions or protein mislocalization \[[@B2-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B3-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Consequently, disturbances in the flow of sodium and chloride ions through cellular membrane occur, resulting in the production of dense secretions, which lead to a progressive obstruction of epithelial ducts of multiple organs and systems---the respiratory trait, exocrine glands, intestine, etc. Chronic illness in CF is closely associated to progressive respiratory system impairment due to the accumulation of high-density mucus, which determines the establishment of chronic inflammation and specific bacterial colonization \[[@B4-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B5-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. The severity of the disease has an important impact on CF patients' quality of life, since it involves not only health, but leads to serious psychological and social impairments. Indeed, depression and anxiety symptoms in adults and adolescents with CF have been recently described \[[@B6-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. The development of different therapies, i.e., pharmacologic therapy, physio-respiratory therapy, physical exercise, nutritional intervention, etc., have significantly improved both the life quality and life expectancy of CF patients. However, progression of the disease is unavoidable, leading to an increase of therapies and hospitalizations required during life. Frequent disease exacerbations lead to a diffuse sedentariness among CF patients, who show a marked decrease in exercise tolerance, partly related to impaired muscle function and malnutrition, in addition to lung diseases \[[@B7-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Due to the complexity of each patient's health status, exercise interventions are conceived in a multidisciplinary approach, including medical supervision, nutritional and psychosocial management, self-management strategies and mucus clearance techniques. Regular exercise is highly recommended in the care guidelines for CF patients \[[@B8-diagnostics-10-00489]\], not only because it contributes to mobilize mucus and to enhance pulmonary functions, but also because it can produce health improvements such as reduction of anxiety and depression episodes and an increase of sleep quality \[[@B9-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. However, a recent Cochrane review highlighted that a great portion of the studies on CF and PE lack strong evidence and that high-quality randomized control trials are required in order to understand the general aspects and the role of physical exercise in CF \[[@B10-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. The benefits obtained from including training in the CF patients care program are related to adherence to the training, but also the type, duration and frequency of proposed activity (aerobic or anaerobic training) can directly influence the outcome. No negative side effects were identified in order to discourage regular exercise in CF patients, but further studies are required to assess the benefits and the types of activity that should be suggested to CF patients to improve clinic outcomes, such as peripheral neuropathy; oxygen uptake peak; bone health; glycemic control; and impacts of the type and frequency of training on of Forced Expiratory Volume in one-second percentage (FEV1%) \[[@B10-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. In addition, a series of neurocognitive disfunctions were observed both in children and adult CF \[[@B11-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B12-diagnostics-10-00489]\].
Physical Activity (PA) represents any body movement produced by skeletal muscles, and thus, requires energy consumption \[[@B13-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. In this sense, any motor behavior, including daily and leisure activities \[[@B14-diagnostics-10-00489]\] falls into the definition of PA. Several studies described the association between PA and wellbeing, cognition and academic achievement, both from biological and psychological points of view. These studies suggest that PA positively affects not only physical and mental health, but also brain health and cognition, i.e., the set of mental processes allowing the acquisition, storage, manipulation and retrieval of information at different levels. As described by Mandolesi and colleagues in 2018 \[[@B15-diagnostics-10-00489]\], it seems that Physical Exercise (PE), which is a planned, structured and repetitive PA (e.g., aerobic and anaerobic activity) characterized by precise frequency, duration and intensity, is an "enhancer environmental factor promoting neuroplasticity." Neuroplasticity plays a crucial role for learning, memory, brain development and brain repair \[[@B16-diagnostics-10-00489]\], since it allows the nervous system to change structurally and functionally in response to environmental demands, physiological changes, injuries and experiences occurring across lifespan. The brain may react to these events through the production or the induction of signaling pathways of neuromodulators or neurohormones, thereby changing the efficacy of synaptic connections, removing existing connections or creating new ones. Therefore, structural and functional changes in the brain are mutually related: any morphological alterations at cellular and molecular levels correspond to modifications in neuronal efficiency and functionality. Conversely, functional changes induced by environmental factors (such as physical activity) may alter the brain anatomy.
The very first evidence regarding the relationship between PA, neural plasticity and cognitive and brain health comes from animal models. Several studies showed that an enriched captive environment, offering increased opportunities for learning, socializing activities and PA (e.g., climbing structures, hiding places and foraging tasks), provided benefits for animals' cognitive abilities \[[@B17-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Studies on rodents, indeed, found that animals housed in impoverished cages displayed significantly different neurobiology than rodents housed in enriched cages \[[@B18-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B19-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B20-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Moreover, rodents housed in an enriched environment with a running wheel and sustained cognitive stimulation showed enhanced learning and memory consolidation. These findings in animal studies have raised interesting questions regarding the effect of PA on cognitive and brain health in humans. Indeed, following the hypothesis that environmental enrichment can affect brain functioning by inducing changes at molecular and cellular level, previous studies have tried to assess whether and how different kinds of PA can affect human brain functioning at different ages, both in healthy subjects and in clinical populations.
The aim of this review is to describe the correlation between PA and mental health improvements, by analyzing the positive effects of PA on brain health in general population and the molecular mechanisms responsible for them. In addition, the psychological symptoms and the neurocognitive functions' impairment found in CF patients will be addressed. The aim of the paper is to highlight the existing knowledge about CF and neurocognitive functions impairments, proposing a starting point to speculate about the possibility of developing further studies on the link existing between the effects of PA and the neurocognitive functions of CF patients. These studies may lead to a general improvement of management of CF patients, especially in CF children.
2. Psychological Symptoms and Neuronal Impairment in CF {#sec2-diagnostics-10-00489}
=======================================================
In recent years, several studies regarding psychological diseases related to CF were carried out. The International Depression/Anxiety Study (TIDES) reported a high prevalence of psychological diseases, such as anxiety and depression, in both adults and adolescents with CF \[[@B21-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. A successive cross-sectional study by Cronly et al. confirmed that depression and anxiety symptoms are related to a low BMI and a decrease of pulmonary function \[[@B22-diagnostics-10-00489]\].
Few studies have analyzed the relationship between CF and brain health/cognitive functions and cognitive development in CF patients. The limitations of studies concerning nervous system abnormalities in CF are determined by the scarce possibility to select and study CF patients without confounding factors, such as CF-related complications/pharmacological interventions, i.e., children with CF that do not suffer potential malnutrition and absence of various treatments interfering with cognitive functions.
*CFTR* expression was found not only in epithelial cells, but also in other cellular types---neurons, lymphocytes, etc.; however, its role in these cellular types remains yet unclear \[[@B23-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Studies concerning in situ hybridization highlighted *CFTR* expression in human neurons from the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord \[[@B24-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B25-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B26-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B27-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B28-diagnostics-10-00489]\], and in human neurons within the peripheral neuronal systems, especially in cells of the sympathetic and parasympathetic networks of the enteric system \[[@B27-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. The task of the enteric system is to connect the digestive and intestinal traits with the central system. The ganglial expression of *CFTR* in the enteric system may partially explain the typical gastrointestinal symptoms in CF (viz. distal intestinal obstruction syndrome, meconium ileus of the newborn, small bowel bacterial overgrowth, rectal prolapse, gastroparesis and gastroesophageal reflux). *CFTR* expression was found in ventricular heart cells, smooth muscles and endothelial cells \[[@B29-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B30-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Moreover, a recent study by Lidintong and colleagues found that CFTR regulates cerebral artery myogenic tone; there was a strong correlation between cerebral artery CFTR protein expression and cerebral perfusion. In the study, the authors observed that CFTR corrector compounds (C18 or lumacaftor) normalize pathological alterations in cerebral artery *CFTR* expression, vascular reactivity and cerebral perfusion of mouse models of heart failure and subarachnoid hemorrhage, without affecting systemic hemodynamic parameters \[[@B31-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. In these pathologies, massive production of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) occurs \[[@B32-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B33-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Autocrine /paracrine TNF signaling in cerebral arteries stimulates sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) production with the consequence of downregulating *CFTR* expression \[[@B34-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. A decline of neurocognitive functions was described both for surviving patients with heart failure and subarachnoid hemorrhage. There are no studies in the literature regarding cerebral perfusion analysis in CF patients. Some nervous system abnormalities are reported in CF patients and in heterozygous subjects for *CFTR* gene mutations \[[@B35-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B36-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B37-diagnostics-10-00489]\].
Animal models, such as *CFTR^−/−^* pigs, at birth, display intestinal lesions (meconium ileus and microcolon), exocrine pancreatic destruction and gallbladder abnormalities \[[@B38-diagnostics-10-00489]\], but also features of both axonal and demyelinating neuropathy, found in CF patients \[[@B36-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B37-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Rezinov LR et al., in 2013, observed a significant reduction in nerve conduction velocity and an increased incidence of axonal myelin infoldings in *CFTR^−/−^* pig \[[@B38-diagnostics-10-00489]\].
Piasecki B. et al., in 2016, by administering the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), observed that CF children present abnormalities in executive functions, memory and attention. These dysfunctions are associated with logical, conceptual and abstract thinking deficits; lower cognitive flexibility; and a reduced ability to change the course of reasoning in response to changing circumstances, if compared to healthy subjects and children with inflammation bowel disease \[[@B11-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. These findings are in accordance with other studies on CF adults \[[@B39-diagnostics-10-00489]\] and on CF patients suffering from end-stage pulmonary disease awaiting lung transplantation \[[@B40-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B41-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Executive functions are often altered in other respiratory diseases, such as asthma and obstructive apneas, suggesting that in CF patients the most probable key mechanism linked to neurocognitive function alterations is not directly related to CFTR malfunctioning, but it may be the correlated with hypoxia. A similar decline of cognitive functions maybe due to factors related to hypoxia and inflammation \[[@B12-diagnostics-10-00489]\] and not to anxiety and depression disturbs, as observed in end-stage pulmonary disease patients undergoing transplantation. CF children have a high prevalence of sleep disturbances \[[@B42-diagnostics-10-00489]\], characterized by poor sleep efficiency and frequent arousal, with a total mean sleep duration lower than seven hours per night. Unlike adults, children have specific sleep duration requirements. Actigraphy and polysomnography studies revealed that CF children tend to spend more time in wakefulness after sleep onset, compared to healthy control subjects \[[@B43-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B44-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. It was observed that Forced Expiratory Volume in one-second rate (FEV1%), adopted in CF to predict residue lung function, is closely related to sleep efficiency and latency in CF patients. Patients with a reduced FEV1% show a lower sleep efficiency and sleep duration \[[@B45-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. In healthy children, inadequate sleep is associated with reduction of life quality, poor academic performance, inattentiveness and behavioral problems \[[@B46-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. The frequency of these deficits, particularly with regard to attention and executive functioning, is high among children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Dancey and colleagues found an association between poor sleep quality and difficulties concerning serial addition and subtraction tasks in adult CF patients \[[@B47-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Children and adults with CF who report poor subjective sleep quality also report reduced quality of life \[[@B48-diagnostics-10-00489]\], especially among the adolescents, including physical, social and emotional functioning; vitality; and health perception \[[@B45-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Poor mood is another consequence of inadequate sleep among CF children \[[@B49-diagnostics-10-00489]\].
Insufficient sleep has been associated with the presence of elevated serum inflammatory markers, even among healthy subjects \[[@B50-diagnostics-10-00489]\].
3. Physical Activity/Exercise and Cognitive Enhancement in Humans {#sec3-diagnostics-10-00489}
=================================================================
From a functional point of view, research on middle-aged and older adults reported improvements in cognitive functioning related to PE. More specifically, cross-sectional and epidemiological studies \[[@B51-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B52-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B53-diagnostics-10-00489]\], aimed at identifying lifestyle factors that reduce cognitive decline in aging, evidenced fitness-related improvements in memory, attentional processes and executive functions. In particular, executive functions result crucial in selection, scheduling, coordination and monitoring of complex, goal-directed behavior. Systematic literature reviews have evidenced the beneficial effects of motor activity on executive functions, leading some to hypothesize that PE mostly affects vascularization, neural growth and synaptic connections in the prefrontal cortex, the brain region related by previous studies to executive functioning \[[@B54-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. As far as memory is concerned, a recent study explored the effects of different types of acute exercise on memory functioning \[[@B55-diagnostics-10-00489]\] by comparing open-skilled exercise, for which the participant was required to dynamically react to a changing and unpredictable environment (e.g., badminton, racquetball), to a closed-skilled exercise, where instead, the environment was predictable and self-paced (e.g., running, walking). The authors found that closed-skilled exercise prominently affected retrospective memory, i.e., the ability to recall past events, while such a difference was not observed for prospective memory, crucial for performing a planned action and recalling a planned intention. In older populations, physical exercise has been linked to a reduced risk of developing dementia \[[@B56-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B57-diagnostics-10-00489]\] and to the decrease in the deterioration of executive functions \[[@B58-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Moreover, intervention studies in middle-aged and older adults, wherein researchers tried to assess the chronic effects of fitness programs lasting for weeks or months on cognitive functions, reported significant improvements in executive functions, attention, memory and speed of processing, specifically after endurance aerobic training (e.g., running, swimming, cycling or walking). Results were compared to populations practicing non-endurance training (e.g., light stretching, toning programs) or to sedentary control groups \[[@B56-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Even a single exercise session was also found to have an acute effect on cognitive functioning: in these studies, cognitive performances were quantitively measured right before and immediately after a single bout of aerobic or resistance exercise, which lasted from few minutes up to several hours. The authors observed an enhancement of older adults' executive functioning that was independent of the type or duration of the exercises, with the greatest benefits during the post-exercise stage \[[@B59-diagnostics-10-00489]\].
PE has also been related to cognitive enhancement, and consequently, to academic achievement in children \[[@B54-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B60-diagnostics-10-00489]\]: comparisons between children practicing regular aerobic activity and sedentary children of the same age \[[@B61-diagnostics-10-00489]\] showed the former's better performance on verbal, perceptual and arithmetic tests. As reported by Donnelly and colleagues \[[@B54-diagnostics-10-00489]\], PA programs and physical fitness in children positively affected self-regulation and behavioral inhibition. Their accuracy and speed in cognitive test performance were also increased; specifically, the latter improved after individual short-term bouts of fitness. Interestingly, a recent study \[[@B62-diagnostics-10-00489]\] compared global and regional gray matter volumes, assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, and academic achievement of metabolically healthy obese/overweight (MHO) children to those of metabolically unhealthy (MUO) peers, also taking into account the effect of cardiorespiratory fitness. Participants were defined as unhealthy according to the presence of altered values for any of four risk factors: triglycerides, glucose, high-density lipoprotein and systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure. Academic achievement was measured through the Spanish version of the Woodcock--Johnson III test. Cardiorespiratory fitness was evaluated with a 20 m shuttle run test, where children were asked to run a 20 m distance following an audio signal, and at each reiteration the speed was incremented. The authors found marginally greater global gray matter volume and significantly greater regional gray matter volume in MHO children as compared to MUO children. In MHO participants, global gray matter volume was in turn positively correlated to academic achievement. However, when the analyses were adjusted for cardiorespiratory fitness, the relationship between gray matter volume and academic achievement was borderline non-significant, suggesting a role of fitness in modulating brain development in different metabolic phenotypes, that, due to the lack of similar studies, needs to be further explored.
From a neurobiological point of view, several findings attested that in healthy adults, PE induced significant structural changes, such as increased gray matter volume in frontal and hippocampal regions \[[@B63-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B64-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. PE also seems to promote the release of neurotrophic factors, such as peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the increase of blood flow and the improvement of cerebrovascular health \[[@B57-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B65-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Moreover, studies based on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) reported that higher cardiorespiratory fitness was related to changes in metabolic networks related to cognition in subjects at risk of dementia \[[@B66-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research evidenced more efficient neuronal activity in the prefrontal regions after aerobic exercise in normal aging subjects and in patients affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) \[[@B67-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B68-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Focusing on clinical populations, a recent review \[[@B69-diagnostics-10-00489]\] evidenced the potential of PE in preventing both AD risk and cognitive decline in affected patients. As stated by Valezuela and colleagues, previous studies reported the beneficial effects of PE on cardiovascular risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (e.g., diabetes, reduced vascular flow). Moreover, PE seems to lighten the pathophysiological features of AD, including amyloid-β deposition, by exerting anti-inflammatory effects and improving brain redox status. Similarly, Groot et al. demonstrated that PA interventions are equally beneficial in AD patients and in subjects affected by a form of non-AD dementia. The authors also demonstrated that both aerobic and non-aerobic exercise and both high and low-frequency exercise have a positive effect on cognitive functions \[[@B70-diagnostics-10-00489]\].
In the light of the framework outlined, the picture is far from clear. Even though there seems to be moderate albeit promising evidence that PA might enhance cognitive abilities, meta-analyses of literature on the relationship between PA and brain functioning in both healthy subjects and clinical populations revealed a huge variability across studies. Moreover, there is little evidence regarding the positive effect of PA across the lifespan, since most studies focused on pre-adolescent children and older adults. According to Erikson and colleagues \[[@B17-diagnostics-10-00489]\], the lack of consistent results could be linked to several factors, including heterogeneity in study designs, both in type and quality of PA measurements and in tools for quantitatively and qualitatively assessing cognitive functions. With regard to the latter, as described above, previous findings attest to executive functions as the cognitive domain that is most affected by PA. However, the authors \[[@B17-diagnostics-10-00489]\] suggest that these results may be misleading, since several studies selectively focused on describing the effects of PA on executive functions, which were frequently assessed by administering to the participants traditional cognitive tests primarily conceived for clinical diagnosis of dementia rather than for the evaluation of cognitive development in healthy subjects.
4. Neurobiological and Environmental Mechanisms Regarding the Impact of PA/PE on Cognitive Functions {#sec4-diagnostics-10-00489}
====================================================================================================
Research does not agree yet on a neurobiological explanation for the effect of PA on executive functions. As reported by Mandolesi and colleagues \[[@B57-diagnostics-10-00489]\], the cognitive improvements observed in training populations could be led back to the roles of both morphological and environmental factors in neural plasticity (see above). More specifically, the cerebral reserves hypothesis, firstly proposed in 2002 by Yakov Stern regarding a possible relationship between Alzheimer's Disease (AD) onset and education level, provides interesting hints about the potential of both neuroanatomical characteristics and environment in affecting brain functioning and subjects' susceptibility to functional impairment in clinical conditions \[[@B71-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Stern observed that AD patients' cognitive decline varied significantly according to their specific education level: in other words, those with higher education levels seemed to display slower cognitive decline, even though the anatomical damages were similar to those of patients with lower education levels. According to Stern, this could be explained by assuming the existence of specific brain reserves (BR) and cognitive reserves (CR) that, based on their capabilities, allow the brain to react differentially to both environmentally demanding and physiological or pathological changes. As described clearly by Mandolesi and colleagues \[[@B57-diagnostics-10-00489]\], while BR concerns neuroanatomical features at the cellular and molecular level (e.g., brain size, neuronal density and synaptic connectivity), which in a neurodegenerative disease also define the "amount of brain damage that can be sustained before reaching a threshold for clinical expression" CR refers to the functional efficiency of neural circuits, measured through behavioral tasks and related to the environmental stimulations provided across life span. CR may allow coping or compensatory mechanisms after brain damage and may affect the susceptibility to functional impairment. Therefore, following the cerebral reserves hypothesis, physical activity could be interpreted as a crucial environmental factor for the specific enrichment of cognitive reserves, along with high-demand cognitive activities, correct sleep quality and a healthy lifestyle.
Nevertheless, other neurobiological dynamics may underlie such a relationship between physical activity and cognitive and brain health \[[@B71-diagnostics-10-00489]\]: PA may positively affect sleep behavior, which in turn might enhance cognitive functions. Functional improvements might be related to modification of insulin/glucose signaling induced by PA, or rather, to the release of neurotrophic factors, such as BDNF (see above); or to the increase of blood flow consequent to physical exercise \[[@B17-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Moreover, other variables could affect cognitive function without any direct link: for example, a higher educational background, socioeconomic status or a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, based on current literature, it is not possible to precisely describe a causal relationship between physical activity and cognitive improvement yet, and further studies are undoubtedly required to shed light on this connection, excluding the influence of external variables from the analysis.
Finally, PE might also positively affect psychological wellbeing, and therefore, the quality of life. While research on children found that PE is correlated with increased self-efficacy and perceived competence, in youth and adulthood it resulted in enhancing both the self-concept and self-esteem \[[@B15-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Moreover, in studies on elderly populations, PE was associated with independence that, in turn, seems to favor social interactions and mental health. PE seems even to modulate mood, personality traits and the development of the self both in clinical populations and in healthy subjects: for example, previous studies reported that, in patients with major depressive disorder, aerobic exercise, with an intensity between 30 and 70% of maximal heart rate, positively affects the treatment by significantly reducing depressive symptoms \[[@B72-diagnostics-10-00489]\]; similar results were also achieved in populations practicing anaerobic exercise (e.g., yoga or activities with rhythmic abdominal breathing and repetitive movements which do not provide for interpersonal competition). Furthermore, previous studies attested that single bouts of exercise may also be helpful for the treatment of anxiety disorders, regardless of the specific type of activity \[[@B15-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. However, duration results to be a significant variable in defining the psychological benefits of physical activity: more specifically, longer training programs, lasting several months, are more beneficial in the reduction of anxiety and depression symptoms than shorter programs lasting only few days. According to these findings \[[@B8-diagnostics-10-00489]\], from a neurobiological point of view, such correlations between PE and psychological improvements may be explained through the modulation of peripheral BDNF, as explained previously.
5. Role of Physical Activity in Neurocognitive Functions in CF: State of the Art {#sec5-diagnostics-10-00489}
================================================================================
The positive effects of PA in patients affected by peripheral pathological conditions from metabolic conditions to lung disorders have been widely described \[[@B73-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B74-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B75-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B76-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. In diseases with an impairment of lung function (similar to that of CF patients), such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma, PA acts by reducing the risk of developing depression or anxiety symptoms over time \[[@B77-diagnostics-10-00489],[@B78-diagnostics-10-00489]\].
While there is evidence of an association between PA and slower decline in pulmonary function in patients with CF, little evidence is present in the literature about the role of PA in brain functions in CF \[[@B79-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Bradley et al. found that patients with moderately severe CF develop hypoxemia and hypercapnia more frequently during exercise and sleep in comparison with healthy subjects with similar respiratory muscle strength and nutritional status \[[@B80-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. Respiratory muscle weakness and malnutrition are independent of the risk of developing hypoxemia or hypercapnia during exercise or sleep \[[@B72-diagnostics-10-00489]\].
An important point that is still unclear is the relationship between the global exercise-induced metabolic improvements and neurocognitive functions in CF. In our experience, in a group of fifty-nine adult patients with CF that performed regularly supervised physical exercise for 3 years, we observed that PE had significantly beneficial effects on CF patients, influencing parameters such as FEV1% decline; anthropometric parameters (lower number of cases with altered BMI, waist and arm circumferences); lipid and glucose metabolism; and vitamin D serum levels. All these factors may contribute to cognitive changes that are yet to be analyzed \[[@B81-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. In another study, we observed that CF patients who performed regular physical exercise for at least three years showed improved inflammation status, via immune-metabolic processes involving adiponectin, leptin and C-reactive protein \[[@B82-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. In the active group of CF patients, we found that triglyceride levels were significantly lower than the sedentary group. Adiponectin serum levels were significantly lower in active people with respect to sedentary CF patients. On the contrary, leptin levels resulted slightly decreased in sedentary CF patients compared to active patients, although the difference was not significant. Finally, C-reactive protein levels were significantly lower in the active group than in the sedentary group.
No papers regarding the relationships of cognitive functions' responses to regular physical exercise in CF have been published yet. These themes may represent a new field of research. Interestingly, a recent paper by Schneider EK et al. highlighted the emerging effect of the combination of potentiator ivacaftor and the corrector lumacaftor on central and peripheral nervous systems of CF patients. These two drugs are actually adopted to correct and potentiate the CFTR activity in cases of mutations that lead to a mis-function and/or mislocalization of the protein. Ivacaftor and its metabolites, hydroxymethylivacaftor (iva-M1) and ivacaftorcarboxylate (iva-M6), display a significant affinity to the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) 5-HT2c receptor, β3-adrenergic receptor, δ-opioid receptor and dopamine transporter with radioligand binding assays. Iva-M1 has affinity for the 5-HT2c receptor and the muscarine M3 receptor, while iva-M6 shows affinity for the 5-HT2A receptor. In the same work, the intraperitoneally administration of ivacaftor for 21 days in a mouse model of chronic depression leads to reduced immobility of the mouse and to higher locomotor activity with respect to the control, caused by M3 and β3 receptor allosteric modulation. The treatment of ivacaftor and lumacaftor in CF adults shows improvements in anxiety and depression, but also increased sleep, energy and exercise participation, improved appetite and weight gain \[[@B83-diagnostics-10-00489]\]. [Table 1](#diagnostics-10-00489-t001){ref-type="table"} reports all neurocognitive alterations described in CF patients in the literature and previously summarized in this review.
6. Conclusions {#sec6-diagnostics-10-00489}
==============
Non-pharmacological therapies, such as physical activity interventions, are an appealing alternative as a complementary treatment for several diseases. In the last few years, more and more studies focused on the specific effects of PA/PE on the health status of the general population ranging from childhood to the older population, partially showing the molecular mechanisms responsible for those effects ([Table 1](#diagnostics-10-00489-t001){ref-type="table"}, [Figure 1](#diagnostics-10-00489-f001){ref-type="fig"}). The evidence regarding the effects of PA on health at every age is becoming more and more solid and is spreading to several fields. The few data available have shown that beneficial effects on neurocognitive functions can be expected in CF patients ([Figure 1](#diagnostics-10-00489-f001){ref-type="fig"}). Further studies are required to understand the effects of exercise, pharmacologic treatment and mental health on CF, and therefore, it represents a novel, promising and unexplored research field to be investigated, in order to improve the management and quality of life of Cystic Fibrosis patients.
Using this review as a starting point, the authors hope to develop studies that compare the cognitive performances of CF patients practicing PA and those of sedentary CF patients.
We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of Regione Campania-L.548/94-Ricerca. FSN 2015. Title: Valutazione del metabolismo del colesterolo in pazienti adulti affetti da Fibrosi Cistica ed effetti dell'attività fisica.
Conceptualization, V.E. and A.E.; methodology, data curation, E.N.; writing---original draft preparation, A.D.P.; writing---review and editing, A.E., V.E., A.D.P. and E.N.; visualization, E.N. and A.D.; supervision, A.D., L.M. and G.F. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
{#diagnostics-10-00489-f001}
diagnostics-10-00489-t001_Table 1
######
Neurocognitive functions' alterations and psychological diseases in CF subjects.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Neurocognitive Alteration/Psychological Symptoms Authors
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
Depression and anxiety symptoms Cronly J et al., 2018 \[[@B22-diagnostics-10-00489]\]
Executive functions,\ Piasecki B et al., 2016 \[[@B11-diagnostics-10-00489]\]
memory and attention alterations
Logical, conceptual and abstract thinking deficits\ Maddrey MA et al., 1998 \[[@B39-diagnostics-10-00489]\]\
Lower cognitive flexibility\ Crews WDJR et al., 2000 \[[@B40-diagnostics-10-00489]\]\
Reduced ability to change the course of reasoning in response to changing circumstances Crews WDJR et al., 2003 \[[@B41-diagnostics-10-00489]\]\
Hoffman BM et al., 2012 \[[@B12-diagnostics-10-00489]\]
Sleep disturbances Bradley S et al., 1999 \[[@B80-diagnostics-10-00489]\]\
De Castro-Silva C et al., 2010 \[[@B43-diagnostics-10-00489]\]\
Spicuzza L et al., 2012 \[[@B44-diagnostics-10-00489]\]\
Button BM et al., 2016 \[[@B84-diagnostics-10-00489]\]\
Vandeleur M et al., 2017 \[[@B45-diagnostics-10-00489]\]
Worsening of anxiety and depression in female adolescent patients on modulators therapy McKinzie et al., 2017 \[[@B85-diagnostics-10-00489]\]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '822d94e88a77ad37bc27690aa2d8d165f779ec3fa79efe717b49ac2ce8011844'} |
\section{Between two Real Numbers exists Irrational Number}
Tags: Real Analysis
\begin{theorem}
Let $a, b \in \R$ be real numbers where $a < b$.
Then there exists an irrational number $\xi \in \R \setminus \Q$ such that:
:$a < \xi < b$
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
From Number of Type Rational r plus s Root 2 is Irrational we have that a real number of the form $r \sqrt 2$, where $r \ne 0$ is rational, is irrational.
From Between two Real Numbers exists Rational Number there exists a rational number $r$ such that:
:$\dfrac a {\sqrt 2} < r < \dfrac b {\sqrt 2}$
and so:
:$a < r \sqrt 2 < b$
giving us $\xi = r \sqrt 2$ as the irrational number we seek.
If $a < 0$ and $b > 0$, it may be that the $r$ that we find happens to be zero
Then we locate a second rational number $s$ such that:
:$0 < s < \dfrac b {\sqrt 2}$
which leads us to:
:$a < 0 < s \sqrt 2 < b$
and so in this case $\xi = s \sqrt 2$ is the irrational number we seek.
{{qed}}
\end{proof}
| math_pile | {'subset': 'ProofWiki', 'meta': "{'type': 'Theorem_Proof'}", 'original_id': '6c0739aa2356f06e0e15fa64476a14d23099c15e4decd730b7754b6272de262f'} |
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Stuff that occurs to me
Friday, 25 April 2014
I wonder if this is a case of determinative nominism ;)
Wednesday, 23 April 2014
April 2014, finding hashtagged tweets from November 2013 - a case study
Earlier today I spotted (I have a saved search on Twitter for my own blog) that someone (@PH_AdvocateEU) had been trying to uncover old tweets from a conference, using information in an even older blog post of mine which is now ridiculously out of date.
Since I like trying to find old tweets and haven't done it for a while I got in touch and asked if I could use it as a case study, to see what could be found. They agreed and I had a look - not much through usual methods but a 'handsearch' (combing through participants' tweets) looks the most promising, but it is the most labour-intensive unfortunately.
The hashtag in question is #EUCOPDBrx13
All the tweets that I've collected (there are more out there, but fiddly to uncover) are in this Storify:
#EUCOPDBrx13 - a collection of conference tweets
1. Has anyone already done the work for you - not in this case
It's possible that someone else has collected the tweets together and embedded them into a blog post or Storify etc, so search for the tag there first (you can use Google's Blog Search tool - I didn't find anything on either site in this particular case though.
Sometimes people add a widget to their website which feeds in hashtagged tweets and stuff can be picked up from them (not in this case though it seems).
Note that there may be paid-for services that do this, but I'm afraid I don't know about them. If you have a server and know what an API is you may be able to call them up from Twitter's servers.
2. - a few
Twitter's own search box is a really good place to start, I've recently been surprised and delighted to find really old tweets on it - note though that I'm using the web browser version, not a smartphone or tablet app.
When you first search anything on Twitter you're shown the 'top tweets', you need to click on 'All' to see what else is available... and then you need to scroll down to the end (and keep scrolling until you're met with a note saying 'Back to top' which is Twitter's way of telling you that all available tweets are loaded).
You can see them here (although as time passes fewer of them will appear presumably)
Doing this brought up 21 tweets - one was @PH_AdvocateEU telling me which hashtag to look for and seven of them were from 'bots' (automated accounts) reporting that the tag was (at the time of the tweet being sent) trending, which certainly suggests that there should be quite a lot of tweets.
Below was the earliest tweet I could find (it's a picture of the tweet with its address beneath it because embedding tweets doesn't seem to work very well on this blog. Subsequent tweets are embedded and show up as plain text).
If you are using Storify or you don't need to use the Embed Code to add a tweet, just its URL. Here are the URLs of the tweets above. If you hover over the datestamp (or timestamp) of the tweet you can then right click / copy link location to get the URL. (this is the one shown as a picture above)
I may have missed one or two!
3. Search Google - a couple
An ordinary search on Google can also bring up tweets. Don't forget to investigate cached copies of things - if you see a tiny green arrow to the right of a site's address click on that and choose cache (this is an archived copy of the page).
I found a couple that didn't show up when searching directly on Twitter
4. Targeted search restricted to names - not much, not tried all!
We know who was tweeting about the conference
We know from the content of their tweets who else was there, or participating
@imi_Ju, @karinkadenbach, @IPCRG, @yankeeu, @EU_H2020, @mikegalsworthy, @mikakosinska, @NABedlington, @humedsci
Although it doesn't bring up much in this case it's worth adding these names to the hashtag (one by one alas, this is fairly laborious I'm afraid) to see if you can find any other tweets that they sent or were mentioned in.
To find tweets they sent
from:imi_Ju #EUCOPDBrx13
To find tweets mentioning them
@imi_Ju #EUCOPDBrx13
I'd have to concede that this hasn't been particularly successful in this case though!
4. Manually scroll back to the relevant point of people's timelines - very promising, but hard work
Twitter will let you scroll back 3,200 tweets' worth on anyone's page. If they're very chatty this might not help if you're looking five or six months later of course.
I tried this for @EU_COPD, and found this - they've published fewer than 500 tweets so scrolling through wasn't too onerous. Each of these could be captured in a storify by collecting the URL (where it says 28 Nov, in grey - that's the timestamp that has the unique address for the tweet).
I'm not going to collect all of the URLs but a couple are (the last two in this pic)
5. Instagram and other tools - haven't checked
People take pictures, they tag them - have a look on Instagram for the same tag and see if there's any info there (you can include these in Storify stories I think).
Wednesday, 16 April 2014
Is there a "metadata protection act"? How do we think about metadata
by @JoBrodie
Recently I have spotted some tweets about an alternative health magazine (What Doctors Don't Tell You) which is offering its readers a taped recording of discussions with various people about cancer treatments. The implication in the advert is that the magazine can't say too much about the contents of the tape in the text of the offer because doing so would bring the Cancer Act 1939 upon them.
They're probably right, in two senses. Offering advice, to the public, about cancer treatment falls within the Act but the text as seen in this bit of marketing does not itself offer any advice about treatment, so is fine. I've no idea if the recording itself would breach the Act (regardless of how it's acquired by members of the public) or if it's problematic because receiving it is contingent on taking out a subscription... or in fact not at all (I'm not a lawyer).
This made me wonder: what's the deal with not saying something but just linking to it or inferring it? Does that count? No idea.
It reminded me of a small collection I've been making that relates to jigsaw ID and how all sorts of things can be inferred from metadata. Efforts can be made to conceal your data but the metadata about your can be leaky.
The jigsaw ID and metadata stuff is quite separate though from an advert about cancer information - this is about me thinking through some thoughts about the way in which we consider indirect information. But I suppose both would be covered by my notion of a 'metadata protection act' in which everyone had to be super careful about how they point to things.
Convinced that others might have thought this exact same thought I searched on Twitter for the jokey phrase "metadata protection act" but found nothing on Twitter and only two hits on Google. So I've sort of stumbled upon a sort of Googlewhack if nothing else ;)
Newspapers have guidelines on reporting abuse cases, to avoid indirectly implying the victim without naming them directly. Do we have anything else for metadata? If we did, I wonder what difference it would make to this advert.
Friday, 11 April 2014
I'm seeing a lot of people asking this: "Do you know about the Cancer Act of 1939?"
This question seems to have cropped up rather a lot in recent weeks*. If you type "cancer act" 1939 into Twitter you'll see a stream of tweets about it - most of them seem to be pointing to only one or two forum posts, and they all seem to say the same thing. There seem to be a few convergent conspiracy theories about it.
I'm intrigued as to why there's a sudden (apparent) interest in the Act.
Briefly, it's an Act of Parliament that makes it an offence to offer to treat someone for cancer or give advice about treatment...
"4 Prohibition of certain advertisements.
...unless you are making the information available for healthcare practitioners.
There haven't been very many prosecutions under the Act, though things probably don't get that far as most people will remove misleading claims after discussions with Trading Standards. A few websites have closed down, events have tried to move venues (doesn't really work, still illegal) or speakers have been removed from the programme - it all seems to be quite low level stuff really.
Incidentally I've known of the Act since at least 2010, it's fairly well-known among skeptic bloggers I think.
*to be fair I've not really been looking for it before now so I don't know if it's always been this much talked about, or if this is a real and recent increase.
Additional comments policy - note that any approved comments are very likely to be published as plain text with no website hyperlinks. This is both an anti-spam and anti-conspiracy-theory strategy.
Tuesday, 8 April 2014
Complaining via the ASA (Advertising Standards Authority) or European ASA about a non-UK advert
by @JoBrodie
You can complain about adverts appearing in other countries (eg on non-UK websites).
The UK's Advertising Standards Authority is a member of the European Advertising Standards Alliance (EASA) along with 23 other European countries. If an advert appears in another country you can report it to the ASA and they'll pass it on to the EASA while liaising with you, thanks to their cross-border complaints arrangement, or you can also complain directly through the EASA.
I discovered this by accident when complaining about an advert for a diabetes clinic that appeared on Facebook - even though it was based in another country I reported it as it was clearly targeting a UK audience (and making misleading claims). I wasn't sure if there was much that could be done, but there was. The ASA told me they were passing it on to the regulator in that country and they kept me informed throughout - and my complaint was upheld.
The 23 European countries other than the UK are:
There are also 7 non-European countries that have regulatory links:
Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, India, New Zealand and South Africa.
Some examples of adjudications appearing on the ASA's website where the trading address isn't in the UK.
South Africa
Consumer code | Complaint form
If advertisers don't play fair then the ASASA will take out an ad-alert.
Sunday, 6 April 2014
Small post for Sophia about genetic testing for diabetes
For Sophia - I realised this was going to take up more tweets than those following both of us might have patience for.
For everyone else - I was a diabetes science information officer for eight years until June 2012 and as such there may be newer information that I'm not aware of, if you spot any errors in my reasoning below do let me know, ta :)
General 'stuff' about genetic testing for diabetes, saving money for health service
1. What is the benefit to the individual or to the state for sequencing genome with respect to diabetes risk?
I'm not aware of researchers into diabetes genetics having called for widespread genetic testing post-birth (or at any other time), even in people at risk.
I might be wrong but I don't think genetic testing (we're really talking about Type 2 diabetes here) tells you much that you don't already know. Age, family history, weight and activity levels are possibly a better predictor of T2D. Family history obviously implies genetics, but it seems to be a pretty multifactorial sort of thing.
As the information below (which comes from Diabetes in the UK 2012) suggests, most cases of Type 1 diabetes don't seem to have an obvious family link, though there are genes that increase risk of developing the condition.
Type 1 diabetes
Although more than 85% of Type 1 diabetes occurs in individuals with no previous first degree family history, the risk among first degree relatives is about 15 times higher than in the general population.
On average: if a mother has the condition, the risk of developing it is about 2–4 per cent
if a father has the condition, the risk of developing it is about 6–9per cent
if both parents have the condition, the risk of developing it is up to 30 per cent
if a brother or sister develops the condition, the risk of developing it is 10 per cent
(rising to 10–19per cent for a non-identical twin and 30–70 per cent for an identical twin).
Type 2 diabetes
There is a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors in Type 2 diabetes. It tends to cluster in families. People with diabetes in the family are two to six times more likely to have diabetes than people without diabetes in the family.
There doesn't seem to be very much that someone can do to prevent getting Type 1 diabetes, whereas health interventions can help reduce the risk of Type 2 (and prevent progression from "prediabetes"to full-blown Type 2 diabetes). However the lifestyle advice given to someone at risk of developing T2 is pretty much the same as would be given to anyone: eat a variety of foods, not too much, maintain a healthy weight, do a bit of exercise but doesn't need to be marathon-running to help.
Perhaps giving someone information in black and white from a genetic test might make them more likely to follow this healthy advice (but is this coercion or compliance!) however the tests themselves, even in high-risk individuals, don't appear to be all that sensitive or of use in clinical practice.
Genetic Screening for the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Worthless or valuable? Diabetes Care 2013
"Genetic testing for the prediction of type 2 diabetes in high risk individuals is currently of little value in clinical practice.
The limitations of genetic risk models are small effect size of genetic loci, low discriminative ability of the genetic test, small added value of genetic information compared with the clinical risk factors, questionable clinical relevance of some genetic variants in disease prediction, and the lack of appropriate models for studies of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in the risk prediction.
For improvement of the genetic risk models in the future, the definition of type 2 diabetes and classification of subtypes of diabetes should be more precise, new sequencing techniques should be applied to identify low-frequency and rare variants having a large effect size, non–European ancestry populations should be investigated to identify new variants relevant to type 2 diabetes prediction, studies of structural variation and epigenetics should be performed to identify new variants relevant to type 2 diabetes prediction, and modern statistical methods should be developed and applied in studies of gene-gene and gene-environment interaction in large populations." - emphasis added.
I don't think there's much benefit in genetic testing either to a person at risk of diabetes, or the state at this stage.
2. What is the benefit to the individual or to the state in diagnosing diabetes early?
With undiagnosed Type 1 diabetes things can go wrong very quickly as with no insulin available and rising glucose levels the person can go into diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a metabolic emergency that can and does result in death. So clearly a benefit to the individual there! Once T1D is diagnosed if the person doesn't take sufficient insulin this problem can re-occur.
Diabetes UK had a campaign to get parents more aware of the symptoms of Type 1 diabetes - the 4Ts: toilet, tired, thirsty, thinner (going to the loo more, drinking more water to compensate and losing weight along with being tired as the body's not getting the glucose fuel it needs).
With undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes the person may creak on fairly happily, and fairly unaware that there's a problem. Here insulin is still produced by the pancreas and the main problem is that the body (organs, muscles) become less sensitive to it). Any symptoms are generally put down to 'getting older' and that's why symptoms are pretty useless for Type 2 (good for Type 1), and 'risk factors' are much more important - as in T1 a blood test is diagnostic.
About half of people who are diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes will already have some signs of diabetic complications, so early diagnosis can help to prevent these from worsening (it's controversial but not unfeasible that some complications may be reversible if caught early). Plus people tend to feel a lot better once their glucose levels are brought back to healthier levels (also it's not just glucose, diabetes is a cardiovascular condition and blood pressure and blood fats / lipids are also problematic and need to be monitored).
There are other rarer forms of diabetes and some of these can be linked strongly to a particular gene - monogenic forms of diabetes can be probed with genetic testing however the person is already likely to have been diagnosed with 'diabetes' (probably Type 2*) and this testing really just refines the diagnosis rather than spots the existence of the diabetes. The advantage of a correct diagnosis is that the person gets the right treatment (in some cases this can be changing from insulin to tablets).
From the state / money point of view - diabetes complications cost a lot of money and diabetes medicine costs a lot too. Hospital admissions and cardiovascular treatments are probably the big costs and likely to increase with an aging population. Delaying or preventing complications saves money, though offset by more people taking medication. Insulin's main side-effect arises because it's incredibly difficult to get the dose right - if too much is taken then blood glucose levels can plummet and the person may need medical treatment. If too little is taken then the person may experience the metabolic emergency DKA mentioned above, which requires hospital treatment.
See also
Article: Health Economics
I think a more feasible thing is perhaps to forgo predictive testing at this stage (maybe it'll be more useful in the future) but improve prompt rather than early (pre) diagnosis of any kind of diabetes so that the person can maintain good health for longer.
*After I tweeted this post and asked for corrections @sparklyredshoes pointed out that people ultimately diagnosed with a monogenic form of diabetes are possibly more likely to have been initially misdiagnosed with Type 1 (not Type 2 as I've said above) as they're often 'young and skinny'. However there aren't really enough stats on this so she suggested that it was probably safer for me not to commit to which type of diabetes people are commonly misdiagnosed with :)
Saturday, 5 April 2014
Optical effects: my "rolling shutter" camera half-captured a flash going off at science event, delighting me
To be honest I'd have thought I'd have seen more photos like this. I understand that the chances of taking a shot like this again are low but given the gazillions of photos taken it seems like someone else would snap something similar, but searching on Google for 'mid-flash' or 'midflash' doesn't bring anything up - maybe I need better search terms.
This photo was taken by accident by me on 16 July 2010. I was at the Royal Institution to celebrate the SciCast awards and generally have a lovely science communication-y time, which I did. SciCast was celebrating the short films, made by children and teenagers in schools, that explained something scientific to a non-specialist audience. It was great fun and inspiring.
I'm not sure what I was trying to take a photograph of as so little of it is in focus, but I was delighted with the unintended outcome anyway.
Apart from the 'ooh that's a bit unusual'-ness of it, what I like about this photo is that it caused me to learn a little bit more about how iPhone cameras and other smartphone cameras work. The image is created by a 'rolling shutter' which scans from one side to the other. This means that one side of the image is recorded before the other one is, and if you're recording something moving fairly quickly then you can get some fantastically odd distortions.
Here's a relatively slow-moving wind turbine on Blackheath which I took on 29 August 2009 during the fab Climate Camp. There was a session on how to make wind turbines and we lowered this one to the ground to have a good look at it before re-erecting it, at which point it started spinning again. I tried to record a video but it looked rather odd.
My iPhone 3GS camera has a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Silicon) sensor, which brings a certain distortion on images - here's a helpful video explaining the difference between CCD (charge coupled device) which doesn't scan.
Thanks to this article (Everything you wanted to know about rolling shutter) on the phenomenon I also found this great video taken from inside a guitar, using an iPhone 4 which has captured oscillations from the strings - note that this is just an artifact, the strings are actually vibrating much more quickly but this is what the sensor has picked up.
Anyway, back to SciCast - the winning video was Gravity, Mass and Weight by Oliver Madgwick who was 17 when he made it, with lego. It's brilliant :)
Incidentally, when you upload a video file to Blogger it shows you the image below while the video is 'rendering' or doing whatever it does for Blogger to be able to display it, thought I'd capture the image for posterity. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '254', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.961545705795288}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '132776', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:E3FAAIONH5P5VN7UATOSAVYQFB7KKGYC', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:540fb4a9-8c8a-48a2-85e4-5b4dcf3d9484>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 8, 20, 20, 50, 33), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.7.225', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:DYZMCMOLXVRCTAWO4J25Z2D72LP6BG4Q', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d09384bc-a39f-43d4-afd0-dd5f4fad45b3>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://brodiesnotes.blogspot.ru/2014/04/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:6fdda905-d18b-498d-b280-fb4efcfb402f>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '3844', 'url': 'https://brodiesnotes.blogspot.ru/2014/04/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-154-143-44.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-34\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for August 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05945342779159546', 'original_id': 'd9d348beef20c3f8d15a34384ea4f0eb08c25f0eeea012cb06c90c9ec3a9c788'} |
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From Stage to Stage
Stage to StageFrom Stage to Stage | Released 2010 | Buy this album and DVD now
"My bride and I" from Stage to Stage DVD
CD Track Listing
Sebastopol Concert:
1. Intro
2. The Swallows Tail
3. Intro
4. Lord Levett
5. The Bealtaine Set
6. The Masters Return
7. Intro
8. I Courted a Wee Girl (with Vasen and Mike Marshall)
9. Josefin's Waltz ( with Vasen / Mike Marshall)
10. Intro
11. Slangpolska efter Byss-Calle (with Vasen, Mike Marshall, Martin Hayes, Denis Cahill)
Sligo Live Concert:
1. The Coolea Jigs
2. Intro
3. The Cat she went a-Hunting
4. Intro
5. Boots of Spanish Leather
6. Intro
7. John Blessings
8. Intro
9. Red-Haired Mary
10. Intro
11. There's Gold in Them Hills (with Ron Sexmith and Duke Special)
12. Intro
13. Apples in Winter
Buy this album and DVD now
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Is there a context where envision is not a synonym of envisage, or vice versa?
Envisage's definition:
contemplate or conceive of as a possibility or a desirable future event
Envision's definiton
imagine as a future possibility; visualize:
Visualise's definition seems to be relevant to envision only in so far as it means imagine, which seems to me to be synonymous with "contemplate or conceive of".
share|improve this question
Their etymologies are different: envision is an early 20th c coinage, envisage is borrowed from French in 18th c. But I can't see much usage difference. They feel identical. – Mitch Aug 3 '12 at 13:11
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2 Answers
up vote 7 down vote accepted
It seems to be a regional distinction. British English prefers envisage, but American English prefers envision. There's a long explanation here as to the history.
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As an American English speaker, I don't think I've ever seen envisage in general usage.
share|improve this answer
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The definition and usage of both words overlap a lot, but there is one difference I can perhaps think of. Envisage is commonly used as a synonym for predict or anticipate. Envision is less likely to be used for the same.
I do not envisage a growth in telecommunications sector in the next two years.
Envision, on the other hand, could be used when you imagine something fancy or a remote possibility. To quote an example from here,
"I can't envision him on horseback!"
The difference may be one that never exists in practice, but I do feel envisage is commoner in business circles than envision.
share|improve this answer
I'm not sure about your points on the why and the where ... But, it is interesting that Google Ngrams appears to concur with your example when you perform a simple comparison of "envision/envisage him on" with "envision/envisage him as". There are zero results for "envisage him as", with the other combinations returning multiple hits. – coleopterist Aug 3 '12 at 13:43
@coleopterist: Hmmm... I am not sure how best to use Ngrams to justify my point. Not sure if checking merely on the basis of prepositions will suffice. – Bravo Aug 3 '12 at 13:46
Actually, my last comment should read, "There are zero results for 'envisage him on'" :/ I'm not sure how best to filter usage examples in Ngrams either. Sorry. – coleopterist Aug 3 '12 at 14:09
add comment
Your Answer
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Life Hacks On Purchasing Landscape Oil Painting
Life Hacks On Purchasing Landscape Oil Painting
Art comes in various forms and sizes. But either way, these items are still made by the same pair of hands. These hands were given by the higher being to humans here in the world. Now, as you probably know, making art is one way for expressing what you currently feel inside you. That truly is how beautiful the whole concept is.
Unfortunately, not every single one of us has the ability to create amazing pieces. Of course, you get better through tons of practice, but the pure blood art makers had already learned how to use a pencil even when they still were a fetus. Making a landscape oil painting for them is a no brainer at all.
Whenever you attempt to make one sprout to life, you just end up making a big mess of the pale and of your own self. It seems like you really are not born for this kind of skill set. Thankfully, you can still enjoy these things by buying them. Yes, some individuals use their talent to gain heaps of money and attention.
Before anything else, try to visit a museum or a gallery first. This way, you can tell of the vibe and the feeling of becoming a serious collector. After doing so, you now can pick on the things that you like. Whatever you feel like buying, you really should go with it without second thoughts. That is kind of how the whole idea works.
In choosing, please also consider on where you want to put these things. A landscape of dog manure certainly would not work inside the kitchen or the dining area. Yes, now you know what we mean by that. See to it that the image portrayed on the painting goes well with the spot you want to hang it on.
You know how the saying goes. Never go broke just by trying to look rich. You might possibly have heard of this artist who is renowned all over the world. The problem is, his work is sold for a million dollars for an item. That is extremely expensive. When the budget is limited, pick the most cost efficient one.
There actually is something called home trial. This allows the potential clients and customers to let them take the painting with them for a certain period of time. This is for the purpose of letting them test the art form out. If they see that it does not go well with anything at all, they have the right to give it back and take their down payment back.
Always assure that the quality the piece comes with relates to the price hung over its head. Talk to the artist about it. They might be looking at a serious fine for tricking people into thinking that it is worth the expensive fee when it actually is not. It also would be better when you do the researching for yourself.
Finally, you also should keep and maintain a healthy relationship with your dealer. This way, you will be the first person to know whenever a sale is happening or something. Creativity and imagination are not the only things that are running this place. Cash will always be involved no matter what situation.
When you are looking for the facts about landscape oil painting, come to our web pages online here today. Additional details can be seen at now.
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Prosoplus basigranulatus är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Stefan von Breuning och De Jong 1941. Prosoplus basigranulatus ingår i släktet Prosoplus och familjen långhorningar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.
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Displeased Kaleb swigged Where can i order ciprofloxacin mobilize misnames chiefly? | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.7965143322944641}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '28180', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PM7HUJK44FR4MX2OM7UD3JBEPHX35KUQ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:ece81e85-1b6f-46b9-8d26-6fc76340bd9a>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 23, 7, 2, 18), 'WARC-IP-Address': '72.167.25.126', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:RAVFQHV4EUNBHP2E3LZMAJ6D2SH2LAHO', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:e19fff64-86b3-4af5-93c4-a596d5b57d6c>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://artfulobserver.com/page/8/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:5c0bb028-a149-41ff-b337-83c5c7e1206f>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '792', 'url': 'http://artfulobserver.com/page/8/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-111-168-72.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.07754635810852051', 'original_id': 'efc507a3b6c0b4f6b36edfe7f6ac3f8b43609882daac8bfd21f654ab248a4566'} |
How You Picture The Zoo To Really Be!
Most times when you visit the zoo animals are subdued and don't feel like being bothered with. You are excited to see certain animals then you get to the cage and watch them for like 3-5mins. They don't really move around and your excitement dies down as the time grows.
Every once and a while this moment happens and it is pretty awesome to see.
Literally had this in my head, how could you not have The Jungle Book in your head after looking at the video!
Terry J
Terry J
Content Goes Here | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '44', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9627529978752136}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '104939', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:WXSB7ZQUPUGEWJC2S6HC6REOA26ZMYX2', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:fe97278a-6621-45c4-aba3-aed4dd52ac42>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 2, 16, 18, 22, 21), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.250.25', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:IRWF5NNV477U5OAHEV22PPTHLB542SNQ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b7cabefe-1259-46e5-8048-b92dcce8819a>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://power961.iheart.com/featured/terry-j/content/2018-06-14-how-you-picture-the-zoo-to-really-be/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f055d18f-92d8-479b-8c50-d7889f673f0d>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '146', 'url': 'https://power961.iheart.com/featured/terry-j/content/2018-06-14-how-you-picture-the-zoo-to-really-be/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-09\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-156-82-108.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.9821246266365051', 'original_id': 'f3cc2e86bf09a72e5de9a6139fa416b104a1c274f7e3da100b68668274f37cb5'} |
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NGC 630
NGC 630
Object NGC 630 is located exactly in the center of the picture.
NGC 630 - galaxy in the constellation Sculptoris
Type: E-S0 -
The angular dimensions: 1.60'x1.4'
magnitude: V=11.9m; B=12.9m
The surface brightness: 12.8 mag/arcmin2
Coordinates for epoch J2000: Ra= 1h35m36.6s; Dec= -39°21'28"
redshift (z): 0.019760
The distance from the Sun to NGC 630: based on the amount of redshift (z) - 83.5 Mpc;
Other names of the object NGC 630 : PGC 5924, ESO 297-9, MCG -7-4-20, AM 0133-393
Nearby objects: NGC 628, NGC 629, NGC 631, NGC 632
The full catalog NGC / IC
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@next"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app"></div>
<script>
const { createApp } = Vue
// 1. option API
const MouseMixin = {
data() {
return {
x: 0,
y: 0,
}
},
methods: {
update(e) {
console.log(e);
this.x = e.pageX
this.y = e.pageY
}
},
mounted() {
window.addEventListener('mousemove', this.update)
},
unmounted() {
// 需要接受一个函数，所以不能用内链的
window.removeEventListener('mousemove', this.update)
}
}
const App = {
mixins: [MouseMixin],
template: '{{ x }} {{ y }}',
}
createApp(App).mount("#app")
</script>
</body>
</html>
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Q:
How to resize 8bpp bitmap image in c#?
This is for duplication recognition.
I can covert a image into 8bpp bitmap but since it's an indexed pixel format, I don't know how to resize it smaller. Is there anyway to do it without changing it to a higher pixel format (which will introduce more unwanted color)?
Thanks
A:
This is a common problem in 2D computer graphics. The overall question that needs to be asked is what you want to accomplish. Is it:
Do you want a smaller 8 bits per pixel image that most closely represents the original image just in a smaller form?
Do you want a smaller 8 bits per pixel image that has the same identical indexed color map (palette) as the original image?
For example, when I was designing 2D games that operated on 8bpp displays, I asked the artists to produce all original source images in 24-bit color at full resolution. Then, I created a workflow process that unified their color palettes all at once, so they all used an optimized palette and were represented as accurately as possible. If this is your case, I'd suggest you go back to the original source image and reconvert it to the smaller size.
Sometimes, I'm doing a one off experiment, or working with art on the fly, and I don't care about making sure all images use an identical palette. In this case, I would convert the image to 24bpp in memory, resize it using bicubic interpolation (which is a high quality resizing algorithm), and then reconvert it back to 8bpp. The downside is that doing it this way generates a new and unique palette for the resized image.
But if you really want to resize the image without changing the palette and without upconverting to 24bpp internally, you have to use one of two really bad choices: you can either use dithering to attempt to pick the best color according to the size maps - a process that is tricky and involves carefully tracking your color error - or you can simply drop scan lines until the image matches the correct size you want.
For reference, traditional 2D consoles like the Neo Geo followed the "line drop" approach, which results in their quaint and jagged graphics appearance today. Modern consoles always resample images in 16, 24, or 32 bit color, sometimes even using floating point to represent color values.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '5d9ba76a21d1d811185f84271fa9a56bee568852b1e5176cb14b119b3bdb9e5f'} |
Scopaeus sulcicollis (Stephens, 1833)
POLYPHAGA Emery, 1886
STAPHYLINOIDEA Latreille, 1802
STAPHYLINIDAE Latreille, 1802
PAEDERINAE Fleming, 1821
PAEDERINI Fleming, 1821
Scopaeus Erichson, 1839
This species has a mostly southern and central European distribution; it is locally common from Spain to Greece and parts of Asia Minor in the south and less common and much more sporadic in central and northern Europe, reaching into the UK and some southern provinces of Norway and Sweden. It seems to be absent from most of the Mediterranean islands, it does not occur in North Africa and the eastern limit of the distribution being Black Sea region of Russia. In the UK it is widespread in England, Wales and southern Scotland though very local and scattered, despite this it is our most frequently recorded member of the genus and, being among the smallest of our Paederinae and leading a secluded lifestyle, it is likely to be more common than records might suggest. This is also the most eurytopic of our UK species; it often occurs on sparsely-vegetated sandy or gravelly margins of rivers and reservoirs but also on moist or dry clay, sandy or calcareous soils and has been recorded from garden compost and decaying vegetation on allotments. Adults occur year-round; they overwinter in tussocks or among litter although they may remain active in compost throughout the year, they are active from March until late in the year, peaking in abundance during May and June, although in Northern Europe, where they are sometimes associated with the ant Formica pratensis Retzius, 1783, they are often most abundant in late summer and autumn. Dispersal occurs by flight and so adults may sometimes be swept from grassland etc. or may occur in flight interception traps. Nothing is known of the biology or feeding habits and the larva remains undescribed. Adults often occur under stones or in moss or matted vegetation but sieving compost or litter is probably the best way to find them; decaying vegetation in almost any habitat is worth a look e.g. we found them in numbers by sieving very dry leaf litter at the base of sun-baked, sloping calcareous grassland in the Chiltern Hills far remote from any water.
Scopaeus sulcicollis
Scopaeus sulcicollis
© Lech Borowiec
2.8-3.2 mm. Scopaeus are distinctive among the UK fauna due to the small size and general habitus; the long temples, very narrow neck and quadrangular pronotum are characteristic. The present species may be recognized by the middle tibiae which are distinctly more dilated than the hind tibiae and the temples that are more than twice as long as the eyes. Body uniformly pale brown to black and finely pubescent throughout, appendages pale yellowish-brown. Head with long and slightly diverging temples and a wide base that recurves slightly to a very narrow neck, surface flat and finely punctured, labrum with four well-developed teeth, the median pair much stronger than the lateral pair. Penultimate maxillary palpomere expanded from the base, terminal segment diminutive, hardly noticeable at X40. Antennae inserted anteriorly about the outer margin of the mandibles, scape long and robust, segments 2-6 elongate, 7-10 quadrate to transverse and the terminal segment elongate and pointed. Pronotum elongate and slightly narrower than the head, almost parallel-sided laterally and strongly narrowed to the basal and apical margins, surface finely punctured, more so than the head, and with a longitudinal median impression that is often interrupted along the disc. Elytra quadrate and slightly wider than the pronotum, lateral margin weakly curved and all angles rounded, surface without striae, rugose and moderately strongly punctured throughout. Abdomen long, weakly dilated towards the apex and with narrow raised lateral borders, tergites densely punctured throughout. In males the eighth sternite has two oval impressions towards the apical margin which is smoothly excised. Front femora strongly developed, deeply incised and with longer sensory setae below, middle and hind femora normally developed. Tibiae smoothly widened from the base, the middle pair distinctly wider than the posterior pair, and all with only a very tiny apical spur. Tarsi 5-segmented, basal segments of the middle and hind tarsi short and not, or only very slightly lobed, those of the front tarsi rather strongly dilated in both sexes. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9346764087677002}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '562212', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:NGBU45C7QJHDQ6AXR6BS5PKCROIRMYPA', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:505b1a84-899f-435a-9d21-991028a8c0ff>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 28, 8, 7, 44), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.201.84', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:MIFJNHKPBKU47AMJ7XPQ4EZIXS7DNONC', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d60bd296-bf4b-4c65-9e83-ae0356fb0374>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.ukbeetles.co.uk/scopaeus-sulcicollis', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:601bc71f-52f1-424e-85c6-b00301af6dff>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '697', 'url': 'https://www.ukbeetles.co.uk/scopaeus-sulcicollis', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-142\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04220438003540039', 'original_id': '289dcd88b5dcd63db87b1ae18b223c70cad70ef3357b7c74b83575cea8f59670'} |
<!doctype HTML>
<html style="font-size: 200px">
TEST
</html>
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Install perl
Install OpenSSL 0.9.7 or later.
Not a completely working port -- symlinks don't get backed up or restored properly.
(run test/bbackupd)
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Background on Balance Blades
No parent wants to see their child fall backwards while learning to ice skate. The signature helpless feeling you get, when your child's skates slip out from under them and you prepare for the impending rear fall, hoping they do not hit their head off the ice.
While teaching my oldest son to ice skate, his skates would slip out and he continuously fell backwards. I would skate over, pick him up, wipe away his tears and say to myself there has to be a way to prevent rear falls at this beginner level.
As a former Canskate skating coach and having previous Canadian National competitive figure skating and hockey experience, I had an idea.
Indentations were cut into the rear of the blades, similar to inverted skate picks except they were hidden inside the contour of blade.
The rear would engage the ice automatically and involuntarily when the skate started to slip out and a rear fall is inevitable. They would provide a moment to realign the centre of gravity and avoid a fall.
I also noticed he could not get moving while holding onto a chair. It looked like he was running on the spot, as the front of the skate kept slipping out. So indentations were also cut into the front of the blade that could be voluntarily engaged into the ice to assist with basic skating skills such as standing up and pushing off.
I tried the new innovation on my youngest son and it worked immediately, he kept catching his balance and not falling. He was immediately able to get moving and participate with his brother. The best part was that I did not have to hold him up, he was learning to balance on his own.
The blades worked so well in preventing rear falls and as a learning aid, that my son learned to skate sooner. I did not have to hold him up once. He was able to get up off the ice on his own, stand in one spot, push off with proper skating strides and glides.
I noticed other parents holding up their kids, straining their backs and I could sense their frustration. Looking around, I noticed other kids were falling backwards despite using the newest after market skate aids.
We wanted to make Balance Blades available to all parents in order to provide their child with the best beginner skating experience.
The skate blade design was patented and trademarked. Our invention relates in general to the field of ice-skate blades and more particularly to a stabilizing ice-skate blade that can be utilized to perform skating skills.
Canadian Patent Application 2,916,313
US Patent No. 14/637199
The following video chronicles our journey. The skates used were only templates.
In 2017, we entered into an exclusive licence/distribution agreement with Winnwell Hockey. Winnwell powered by Balance Blades skates were introduced exclusively into big retail, available at Canadian Tire stores across Canada. Balance Blades continue to be sold from our online store.
Kids all over the world are learning to skate on Balance Blades, including Canada, USA, Sweden, France, Iceland, Australia, Hungary and Switzerland.
Happy skating. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.972678542137146}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '48811', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:65JOBYLEIM42ESHBZLOLWLZFVPH3FG4O', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:ca2e7e2a-38d2-4895-84ca-ebaf52025827>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 1, 18, 7, 15, 27), 'WARC-IP-Address': '23.227.38.64', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:IQORWMTD32LA6BH3HGZFFSV7ZQ7SUDBC', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b2a9ce7e-1191-4245-9db1-b728d4027799>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.balanceblades.com/pages/about-us', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:d4ef9adc-7ad8-41ce-96da-61aa544b2397>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '512', 'url': 'https://www.balanceblades.com/pages/about-us', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-05\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-245.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.0743592381477356', 'original_id': '35157238612b545e738ccbc965723989366be33a5c79479483097e5434373b55'} |
Sarcasm will kill any hope of constructive dialogue, and it certainly won’t make the world a better place
I got a comment on my blog a while back that was just impossible to respond to. The reason is, it was dripping with sarcasm. The person commenting was obviously not impressed with my post and let me know this fact by congratulating me on doing, as I understand it, such a terrible, or rather offensive, job. Now the reason I say offensive is that it seemed like this person might have been offended by my post, which, in turn, triggered the sarcastic remarks.
Don’t get me wrong; I am the first to encourage different opinions and perspectives. I understand that not everyone will like or agree with what I write. My blog represents my own perspectives and opinions, based on research, however, and not just plucked out of thin air mind you, but still my personal perspectives and opinions. I know there are a zillion other perspectives and opinions out there, and that is the beauty of it. “Vive la difference!” as my sister likes to say. Anything else would be boring.
After all, it is only through dialogue and debate with people of different perspectives and opinions that we, together, can create more knowledge and make the world a better place.
But when someone is sarcastic, the debate dies right there. Because how can you respond to that? When you are sarcastic, you are not inviting the other party to a discussion. You are signaling ill will, which will only make the other person defensive and want to retaliate. And trust me on this: that is not a good recipe for dialogue, collaboration, and creating a common understanding.
That is the whole problem. That is why social media to date has not been a huge success when it comes to connecting people who represent different perspectives and points of view. That is why social media has in many ways, opposite to what perhaps was originally envisioned, made the potential for constructive debate and dialogue smaller in so many ways.
According to Stanford Professor Robert Sutton, technology has, in fact, created what he calls an “asshole problem”, because when people don’t make eye contact (which we don’t on social media), they are much more likely to be mean. And not only that, after someone has been a so-called “asshole” (which you have to admit is not unusual in online discussions), nasty behavior spreads much faster than nice behavior. I guess this knee-jerk instinct to retaliate is just very hard to resist. If you’re interested in this contemporary problem of ‘assholism’, you can read more in Sutton’s book The No Asshole Rule: Building a Civilized Workplace and Surviving One That Isn’t, or in his more recent book The Asshole Survival Guide.
So if the person who posted that sarcastic comment on my blog is reading this, I just want to say, yes I saw your comment but unfortunately I just couldn’t think of a single constructive thing to say in response that I think you would have been open to. While I appreciate that you didn’t like my post and I would love to have an open discussion about it so that I can understand your point of view, the way your comment was phrased unfortunately just killed any hope of a constructive conversation. And alas, no common understanding was reached.
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Discussing Terrorism with a 12-Year-Old
Each of my kids are chatter-boxes, but they’re each completely different in how they chatter and what they chatter about. I like hearing what they have to say about the world around them, and how they perceive it, so I often engage with them about world events. Sometimes I get literally nothing out of them, and other times I get more than I bargained for when they tell me something that I wouldn’t agree with or didn’t see coming. Then there are times when it becomes abundantly clear that they’re listening and processing in those moments of silence.
Over this weekend I had trapped one of them in the car with me as I running her around town. As always, when there is no sibling competing for attention –or air time– the chattering starts up. This is always the best time to jump in and see what kind of thoughts are bouncing around their minds. This time I had Paris on my mind and I wanted to get her take on it.
Of course this event was not on her world news radar as this particular kid (12) is more into gaming than social media, so she had no idea what I was talking about. I simply said that terrorists attacked Paris, in multiple locations, killing more than 100 people. There was some silence after than, in what I thought was a lack of interest, but she started to ask a few questions about who the attackers were and why would they do that. I provided the limited answers that I could, and after a while she started to make more sense than most people in any government.
For the sake of simplicity, and because I am not one known for a perfect memory, I’ll paraphrase what my 12 year old had to say about war:
“I think it’s stupid for people to be so one-side about war. The people they’re killing aren’t the bad guys – they’re just people who have families too. And THOSE people think WE are the bad guys, too. It’s just a point of view – we are all just people. They think we are bad, we think they are bad, but none of that matters. It’s just killing and it’s stupid.”
I should point out that she added angry emphasis onto “stupid,” as she is known to do when things are stupid (in her point of view).
This didn’t really strike me at the time. I was proud of her for thinking like that and I told her that she is absolutely correct. I pointed out that so many people haven’t reached that level of thinking yet. But, since it was just so like her to say that, I didn’t come back to it until I drank a cup of my Facebook news feed this morning.
A friend of mine wrote, “If you feel so strongly about sending people over to other countries to kill people, just go yourself.” Yea, he is right, and after reading that I was reminded of my daughter’s point of view, and so I posted it there as a comment, just to add some strength to the sentiment, and as the day went on I realized that she had a point strong enough to warrant repeating (thus this posting).
To be honest, I’ve had the same train of thought before as I pondered American patriotism vs Canadian patriotism. I’m not a fan of the Canadian military just because I’m Canadian, which I’ve felt is the default American point of view. I’m not a fan of a war just because Canada has sent its military there, either.
I mean, what would you say war is, if a little kid asked you? How do you avoid telling the kid that war is when two or more countries can’t agree on something so strongly that they start a big fight where the purpose to destroy their land and kill as many people as needed to make them stop defending themselves? That’s what happens: mass killing and destruction, then total submission. After the submission, then what?
She’s right, it’s just killing and it’s stupid.
Praying for Humanity isn’t going to do a thing. What we need to do is think and act more like lives actually matter.
Share Your Thoughts | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9824594855308532}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '45165', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:QGDDLR6UNE3AKWBTG4VZAG63ACXXXPDM', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:93e3b087-44b7-4ece-a563-635c375d355e>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 20, 7, 20, 54), 'WARC-IP-Address': '184.107.41.70', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:VUEORJN7YY2AY7G7YOCJL6NSWACYLEP7', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d4709850-60ff-4efd-a178-088bd674e90e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.parentsplace.ca/discussing-terrorism-with-a-12-year-old/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:77422ed3-1fec-4651-97ef-1495b6d3d2a4>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '715', 'url': 'https://www.parentsplace.ca/discussing-terrorism-with-a-12-year-old/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-233-105-41.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04095137119293213', 'original_id': '7d9b07a2650259f7bdea178ce5997812d1c8a643e516ee6ddeeed5a7b231454a'} |
PUBLISHED BY CRY WEDNESDAY MORNING. JAYNES, SHELBY, SMITH & STECK. R. T. JAYNES, J. D. A. SMITH, J. W. SHELBY, J. EDDY, J. A. STECK. SUBSCRIPTION. $1.00 PER ANNUM. ADVERTISING RATE— REASONABLE. Communications of a personal character charged for as advertisements. Sty- Obituary notices and tributes of respect, of not over one hundred words, will be printed free of charge. All over that number must be paid for at the rate of one cent a word. Cash to accompany manuscript. WALHALL, S. C. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 9, 1892. When Summer Comes Again. [Written for the Courier by "Day."] No more we hear the hooting of the owl, No more the hunter's mollow horn; The back log's gone and chimney sweep Has filled his lonely place with song. Soft zephyrs in the air And summer in the morn; Violets and buttercups in May, Blackberry time in June. Good bye, Mr. Hunter's horn, I hear a better tune Watermelon time is coming, Blackberry pie in June. A VOICE FROM OLD PICKENS. Dendys, Holcombos, Curtiss, Nevilles, John sons and Metalls. Old Pickens, S. C., June 11. Editors Courier: On looking up the records of Old Pickens, I find that James H. Dendy was the first Ordinary of the District, and held the position sixteen years, and held the office at the time of his death. Heides the excellent manner in which his books were kept and the important duties of the office discharged, the fact that he held the office for that period of time, bespeaks his popularity and fidelity to public trust. He is said to have been a most worthy citizen and a gentleman of high Christian character. He was an officer in the Presbyterian church. He was born at Richland, in Old Laurens District, 1788 and died in 1840. He was the father of Marshall LL, Thomas H., William H., and S. K. Dendy, of Oconee county, all of whom, except William H., on account of ill health, did valiant service in the Confederate War, and are all living have Thos. H., who died a few years ago, and W. H., who died in 1864. Each of them has performed well his part in life and in justly recorded as "a worthy son of a worthy sire." Marshall H. represented his county in the Legislature in 1812. Major Styles P. Dendy, a prominent member of the Walhalla bar, is another son who spent four of the most precious years of his young manhood in camp and battle; entered the army as a private and returned to his home after the sad, solemn scene at Appomattox in the tattered, war-worn uniform of a Confederate major, finished his education, graduated in law at the University of Virginia, located at Walhalla for the practice of his profession, was thrice elected Probate Judge, and has since served in the House of Representatives as a member from Oconee county. He is not only distinguished for his public spirit and all the qualities which most adorn the character of an able advocate and conscientious counsel, but also for his eminence as A Free Mason and his piety as a model Christian and Sunday school worker. Added to all this, he is a man of fine physique, dignified appearance, and most prepossessing manners. W. E. Holcombe was the last Ordinary of the old District, and in those days was quite popular and regarded as an efficient officer. After the division of the District became a citizen of Pickens county, was elected to the Legislature and served one term in reconstruction times, or, in the language of a Radical Governor, during the years of good stealing in South Carolina. One of his daughters, Fliza, married Dr. Thos. A. Evans, of Anderson, S. C., and the other, Lissie, married Rev. H. A. Childs, then of Pickens. He had four sons, Henry, who became a captain in the army; John H., who studied law, and Samuel and Elias, who engaged in farming. All were in Georgia when I last heard from them. As a boy, John H. was peculiarly bright and talented, and if he devoted himself to his profession there is no reason to doubt that he succeeded. Nanaman and John Curtis, father and son, who, in the early days, lived four miles above the old Court House on Kowec river (one on each side) deserve mention, not only as useful citizens and prominent farmers, but also as being the first two persons to die in this section from that then dreaded and virulent disease—the smallpox. Somewhere in the twenties they carried a drove of cattle to Charleston and soon after their death. Returning both were seized with the awful scourge. The community was panic-stricken, as the disease was then regarded as always fatal and it so proved in these two cases. I have been told by people who were then living that it was impossible to get a physician, nurses, or sufficient help to dress and bury the dead, but there was one old man, immune, whose services were made available and he performed the sad funeral rites in company with the young widow of John Curtis, whose admirable devotion to her husband in this dreadful ordeal kept her constantly by his side, and I have heard her say she held his trembling hand during the last sad moments and even closed his eyes in death. Strange to say, she never had had the disease nor been vaccinated, yet she did not contract it, but lived to be eighty years old with a heart always open to distress and a hand always ready to help the needy or unfortunate. Her pathetic devotion to the dying and her tender care for the suffering won for this noble woman, the love and affection of all who know her and she was regarded by them in sickness or distress as a ministering angel on earth. On the crest of a hill, near Craven's Ford, on the western side of Keowee river may be seen the solitary grave of John Curtis. On the opposite side, within sight, may be seen that of Naaman Curtis, the other victim, each enclosed by a solid rock house. Capt. Wm. J. and John C. Neville are remembered as substantial merchants at Old Fickons, who, for the last several years, have resided in and near Walhalla, and have exerted a most beneficial influence upon the community. The former died a few years ago in Walhalla after an honored and most useful life. The latter is still living in West Union, well advanced in years and highly esteemed by his countrymen and neighbors. Besides his many other noble traits of character (as the writer has good reason to know) he is largely possessed of that more divine attribute which moves his tender heart to relieve the unfortunate, comfort the distressed, minister to the sick, soothe the departing spirit and soften the pillow of the dying. It is promised that for all such is prepared a spotless crown in a realm of eternal happiness. I remember to have heard Dr. L. B. Johnson remark that "John Neville was the kindest, most tender nurse he ever met in all his extensive practice." There will be no better time to refer to that most excellent man and Christian physician, Dr. L. B. Johnson. He was practiced at Old Pickens, but moved to Walhalla, where he resided until his death, a few years ago, and reared a most interesting family. He married Miss Mary McFall, daughter of Capt. Samuel R. McFall, who still survives. Capt. McFall, though seventy years of age when the roar of artillery was heard at Fort Sumter, entered the service of His country, and was killed in the bloody battle of Second Manassas. In the same battle, by his side, fell his noble son, Newton McFall. Dr. Johnson served his county as a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1866, and was Auditor of Coonee county for several years. He was a pure, conservative man and a most useful citizen, but his noble character shone brightest in the sick room, where his pleasing countenance, modest demeanor, gentle touch and tender voice never failed to inspire the confidence of his patient. He did much charity practice, giving, in the latter part of his life, one day in each week exclusively to the poor. Dr. Johnson is survived by his widow, who, with her daughter, Mrs. Wm. P. Reid, resides in Seneca; Mrs. Julia, who is devoting her life to the education of the mind and heart of the young; Samuel, a son, who is living prosperously in the West; Mrs. Ida Breazeale, of Anderson, wife of John E. Breazeale, a talented lawyer of that place, who has been a member of the Legislature from that county, was elected and served as Code Commissioner and was at one time a formidable candidate for Circuit Judge, and Mrs. Annie Grove, wife of G. T. Grove, a prominent telegraph operator of Columbia. Meeting of the County Executive Committee. A meeting of the County Democratic Executive Committee is hereby called to meet at the Court House at Walhalla, S.C., on Saturday, the 5th day of July, 1892, at 10 o'clock a.m. All members are urgently requested to be present. Both those elected before and since the County Convention should attend. V. M. Cary, Chairman. J. W. Sholor, Secretary. A Good Hearted Man, or in other words, men with good sound hearts, are not very numerous. The increasing number of sudden deaths from heart disease is daily chronicled by the press, is proof of the alarming prevalence of this dangerous complaint, and as no one can foretell just when a fall collapse will occur, the danger of neglecting treatment is certainly a very risky matter. If you are short of breath, have pain in left side, smothering spells, palpitation, unable to lie on side, especially the left, you should between them were removed. She was humming a faint lullaby, but her song ceased as the footsteps of some one, approaching the drawing room, was audible to her. Ere long she beheld the figure of Arnold stationed in the doorway. He immediately came to the settee occupied by Her and seated himself beside her, his face aglow with happiness. "You are quite industrious this morning. Lay aside your work and we will enjoy a pleasant chat," said the boy. "I can talk and finish this also," she replied; "I am quite anxious to complete this if it has been such a long while since I began it; but I assure you that my work will not interfere with our conversation in the least." "Oh! ejaculated her, with a start, "there is Wallace's horrid ring. I thought it gone to him long ago. What do you suppose he thinks of me for not returning it elsewhere?" And she took the piece of jewelry from the desk and turned it around, between her fingers, as she glanced at the sparkling gem, then replaced it carefully in the box. "It makes no difference what he thinks. He has cruelly deceived you and is no longer worthy of you respect," cried Arnold, a tone of jealousy in his voice. "If it is your desire, Her, I will post the ring to Prof. Wallace at once. Do you wish to send any message with it?" "No," replied Her, only the ring and, by posting it, you will confer a great favor upon me." Arnold placed the box within his pocket, as he departed from "Sunny Side" for the station at Bennettsburg, to comply with her's request. It was only a short while before the click of "Sunny Side" gate was audible to her and she observed the boyish form of Arnold Edrones approaching the house. Ere long she was with him, speaking of the future as they strolled toward the lake and soon occupied a rustic sofa near it where they enjoyed a pleasant chat. "How does the twenty-fifth of December suit for our marriage? My suggestion is that it shall occur on that day, for I deem this an excellent way to celebrate the Christmas of eighteen hundred and eighty-nine long for the day to arrive when you will be mine forever and I shall be united by the holy bonds of matrimony," said Arnold. She agreed to his proposition and the twenty-fifth was the day set apart when they should join hearts and become life companions. "Mrs. Arnold Freeman Edrones, what a pretty name! I shall have the whole engraved upon my hand." cards, replied Her, as a smile illumined her countenance. "It is fortunate that you like it? You are, ere long, to assume this title," continued her companion. "I feel confident that mama will be delighted with my choice. She could not do otherwise than love pure and innocent a creature herself." Arnold was delighted to know that he, instead of Irby Wallace, would be the fortunate one to win the heart and hand of Her Stepher for he had always hoped to be the chosen one to lead her to the hymnal altar. His heart for many years had been hers, and hers alone, but he had not, until of late, felt that she had reciprocated his affections. She had ever before appeared so and indifferent toward him. No, he thought his life-long desire was fulfilled. CHAPTER XV. Irby Wallace was in his state when a small colored boy entered and presented to him a tiny box among the other mail. "What can this be?" he thought as he turned the package over in the palm of his hand. "The writing is not familiar to me." To satisfy his curiosity, he quickly tore away the paper, pierced by the paper, and, when he had taken the last box, he observed the box. Picture surprise when there, before his eyes, he beheld the engagement ring, searched for some message, but found none. "What can this mean? It is beyond my comprehension. I am unable to understand the matter that prompted her to post the letter without a word of warning. She would have told me not thus deceived me. I have a right to know such things. Then and again have I written her, giving an answer to her. "Kowen Courier." She did not impress me as a girl accustomed to flirting. No, I will not believe her guilty of such an act and shall not place that charge against such a pure and lovely girl. Have I written anything to wound her feelings? If so, I cannot recall it. There is a misunderstanding somewhere. I shall write her at once and clear away this mystery." Such thoughts existed in the mind of Irby Wallace, as he was rapt in meditation, after the receipt of the ring. He suddenly took from a shelf an envelope and drew from it a sheet of paper. He ruined page after page of the unsullied stationery and it was some time ere he was able to collect his thoughts preparatory to writing, but, finally, succeeded in his trials. This is what he wrote: Winderville Female College, November 2, 1889. My Dear Her: The ring came to me on this afternoon's mail. I am unable to understand the motives prompting you to return it. Surely you must know that my affection for you increases daily. I have posted you four letters, receiving a reply to but one. I feel confident that there remains a misunderstanding somewhere, which by investigation may be immediately removed. You do not know half how much I have missed those precious missives, to cheer me through the past days. Please answer immediately after receipt of this and tell me all about yourself and your reason for treating me thus. If I have done anything to offend you, I assure you it was unintentional and I come before you pleading your forgiveness. Knowing your kind and affectionate heart as I do, I feel confident you will never refuse me this request. I would not willingly wound your feelings for the world, for I prize your love and friendship above all else. Everything. Hoping to immediately receive a reply to this, I remain Yours sincerely, Irby Wallace. When the note was written, Irby felt somewhat relieved and hurriedly left the college for the city to post it. He thought all would terminate according to his desires after she received his letter of explanation; then he and her would remain as dear friends as in the past. He would have the pleasure of corresponding with her as of old and would receive an explanation of her mysterious conduct. Irby patiently awaited the arrival of a reply to his letter, but it never came, and he, at length, became alarmed at the long silence and decided to write once again, and seated himself, pen in hand, and wrote this simple missive: Winderville Female College, November 30, 1889. My Dear Her; Once again I write beseeching you to please explain your conduct toward me, for I understand no reason, for you thus mistreating me. Did you receive my note of the second instant? If so, why did you not respond? The mystery of this affair is greater than I can unravel, but no doubt you will be able to assist me in solving this problem. I shall anxiously await an early reply, with full explanations. Sincerely, Irby Wallace. Irby awaited the arrival of the reply with fond anticipation, but, alas! in vain, for none came. He was again disappointed. He could not leave it all to the mail-carrier, but went himself, every day, to inquire for the mail, thinking perhaps a letter, being overlooked, remained at the office; but, alas! there was none. What could have induced Her to act in such a manner he could not imagine. His heart would not allow him to deem her false toward him, but, nevertheless, it was apparently true. He called his brother to him. "Lawrence," he said, "will you take charge of my business for a few days while I am away?" STOPS PAIN Athena, Tenn., June 27, 1901. Eyer since the appearance of men, they were very irregular, with great pain in my limbs, back, stomach and legs, with terrible bearing down on me in the abdomen. During the past month I have been taking Wine of Cardui and Thedford's Black-Draught, and I passed the monthly period without pain for the first time in years. NANNI DAVIS. What is it worth to a woman suffering? In the name of Nannie Davis, I suffered? You, thousands are women in thousands of homes today who are bearing such terrible mental pain in silence. If you are one of those who are suffering, you are one of those who are suffering. WINE OF CARDUI will bring you permanent relief. Concerning yourself with the knowledge that 1,000,000 women have been completely cured by Wine of Cardui. These women suffered from ulceration, irregularities, headaches, backache, and bearing down pains. Wine of Cardui will stop all these aches and pains for you. Purchase $1.00 bottle of Wine of Cardui today and take it in the privacy of your home. For advice and instructions, Maret, giving symptoms, "The Ladies' Advisory Department," The Chattanooga Medicine Co., Chattanooga, Tenn. "Yes, I'm perfectly willing to render you any possible service, but where do you intend going?" replied Lawrence. "Only on a little outing for a few days, I feel that a brief vacation will be of benefit to me, for I have been to closely confined for the past few months that I feel that I need a little recreation. But I must go, the cab is awaiting my arrival. Good-bye, Lawrence." And with these words, he hurried away. To be continued. Mr. L. P. Smith's Narrow Escape. Mr. L. P. Smith, the well-known aid popular excursion promoter, returned yesterday from a business trip to Atlanta. While in Atlanta he had an experience that he would not go through with again for all the money that he could make on a thousand excursions. Mr. Smith was seated at a desk writing in the lobby of the Kimball House Monday night when a man craned by liquor crashed into the room. The man had had a quarrel with another man on the third floor, of the building and had chased him down the stairways. In his race he had been through a glass door, shattering the glass and outting himself frightfully about the face and hands. He was bleeding profusely when he got to the hotel lobby, and the man whom he had been chasing had disappeared. The crazed man—he was really insane for the time being—glanced around the lobby and his eye resting on Mr. Smith, he made rush for him. He had a pocket knife in his hand and as he started for Mr. Smith he had murder in his eye. Mr. Smith is a small man and he had nothing with which to defend himself. It is doubtful if he could have used anything, as the attack was so sudden. As the man rushed at him he seized the inkstand and threw it into his face and then dived under the table. The subsequent proceedings might have turned out disastrous for Mr. Smith had not some by-standers rushed up and overpowered the man. Policemen were called in from the street and they handcuffed the man and carried him off to the barracks. He got all right after several hours when the effects of his spree were off. Mr. Smith was not hurt in the encounter, but it was the narrowest kind of escape. He admits that he was frightened and says he fervently hopes he will never have another such experience. Anderson Mail, June 25. Grange P?enle-July Fourth at Oakway. All the members of the Order are requested to assemble in the Grange Hall at 10 a.m. A short session will be held. Immediately after adjourning a line of march will be formed, and the procession march to Haley's grove, accompanied by music. Arriving at the Grove addresses will be delivered by Maj. Wm. J. Stribling and J. W. Shelor, Esq., on timely topics. An intermission of tum hour for dinner will be given. Upon reassembling addresses will be delivered by Dr. E. C. Doyle, Mr. J. W. Dearden and others. The proceedings will be en livened by music at intervals. It will be a glorious Fourth. Let everybody come and bring well filled baskets. Come one, come all, and let us enjoy one Big Fourth of July in old time style. Joseph Dearden, For Committee. JUST ONE WORD that word is le refers to Dr. Tutt's Liver Pills and MEANS HEALTH. Are you constipated? Troubled with Indigestion? Sick headache? Virtigo? Bilious? Insomnia? ANY of these symptoms and many others Indicate Indigestion. You feel better? Tutt's Pills Take No Substitute. Will Grail on New Scalp. New York, June 27.-Two Hundred employees of the American Felt Company, at Glennville, Conn., have volunteered pieces of their skin to save the life of one of their fellow employees. The victim is Mary Affoldt, 19 years of age, a weaver. She had just arrived at her loom and stooped down over her "threads" to oil some part of the machine when the loom started. She raised her head, and in an instant the hair at her temples caught in the gear. Before anyone could read. On her, she was lying on the floor covered with blood. The hair on her head had been pulled off, taking the scalp with it and part of one ear. Her condition is serious, but the doctors believe she can be saved by skin grafting, and the weavers have all volunteered to furnish what is needed. The Pride of the South. The pride of the South-Julia and Thomas Jackson Christian—the beautiful grandchildren of Stonewall Jackson, they are orphan children of Jackson's only child, Julia Christian, living in Charlotte, N.C., with their grandmother. The Southern people are going to raise money to take care of them. This movement is more lasting than "tall and stately shafts of marble. D. E. Luther, of Atlanta, Ga., has made a most generous offer to the children. He has had "The Story of Stonewall Jackson" written. Half of the profits will be given to the children. Hon. Hoke Smith is trustee of the money given them. The book is endorsed by Mrs. Jackson, and all the chapters of Sons and Daughters of the Confederacy. Each living general is an agent in his State for the book. They appoint some young lady in each county, who is a Daughter of the Confederacy, to sell the book. Mary E. Shelor, Agent. IF YOU HAVE PUT? A teaspoonful of Mexican Mustang Liniment into a glass half full of water and with this gargle your throat often it will quickly cure a sore throat. Keep this feet always fresh in your memory; for Cuts, Mashes and all Open Sores, you need only to apply Mexican Mustang Liniment a few times and the soreness and inflammation will be conquered and the wounded flesh healed. To get the best results you should. Saturated a piece of soft cloth with the liniment and bind it upon the wound as you would a poultice. 26c., CO. and $1.00 a bottle All CVC for your poultry and at the very first sign of Vit r\Vi EIC UR Roup, Scaly Logs, Bumblofoot or other diseases among your fowls use Mexican Mustang Liniment. Mr. J. G. Douthit Dead. Anderson Mail, June 25 : Mr. J. G. Douthit, an old and respected citizen of this county, died at his home near Sandy Springs at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon as the result of a stroke of paralysis which he sustained early yesterday morning. Mr. Douthit was paralyzed about two years ago, but had almost entirely recovered and was able to go about and attend to business. The second stroke came upon him with great suddenness yesterday morning about breakfast time and he died yesterday afternoon. Mr. Douthit was born and spent all of his life in Anderson county, and during his long life enjoyed the fullest confidence and respect of all who knew him. In the civil war he was a faithful soldier, a member of Capt. J. C. Calhoun's company of cavalry, and in the days of peace he discharged with equal fidelity whatever duties he was called on to perform as a citizen. He was a man of great musical talent, and was known throughout the upper part of the county as a skillful musician. In early life he joined the Methodist church. He was a man of strong convictions and of the strictest integrity. His death will be sincerely deplored by all who know him. His wife died about four years ago. They had but two children, Mr. J. B. Douthit and Mrs. Rebecca Pickel, who lived with him. The interment will take place at Sandy Springs this afternoon, the Rev. J. E. Beard conducting the funeral service. Watch the label on your paper if you want to know how your subscription account stands with THE COURIER. Costs Only 29 cents at Druggists, Or and 15 cents to C. J. MOPPITT, M.G.S. Choir Practice - Inflammation, Diarrhea, Dysentery, and the Bowel Troubles of Children of Any Age. Aids Digestion, Regulates the Bowels, Strengthens the Child and Makes TEETHING EASY. D. ST. LOUIS, MO. J. M. C. Jr. MOWYETT-Xtomv Itootoyt Columbus, Ga., Aug. 24,1879. We have your TEETHING FOR SALE BY J. W. BELL, WALHALLA, S. C. THE BLUE RIDGE RAILWAY CO. BETWEEN BELTON AND WALHALLA. East-Bound Trains. 2nd Class. 1st Class. 8:00 8:00 7:48 7:45 7:45 P. M P. M 30 P. M. A. M. P. M. 10 TIME TABLE NO. 4. In effect June 8, 1902. STATIONS. Arrive. Leave. Bolton...S .Anderson-Freight Depot.F Anderson-Passenger Depot....S West-Bound Trains. 1st Class, 11 0 25 0 09 0 02 8 55 8 47 8 44! 8 28 8 00 A. M 12 Leave. West Anderson.F Denver.F A. M. PENDLETON.S Cherry.F Adams.F Jordania Junction.F Seneca.S West Union.S WALHALLA Arrive S.-Regular stop. F.-Flag Station. P. M. 8 20 3 40 3 45 2d Class. 7 I rt"0 Q a I co S M .a? A. M 10 50 11 10 ll 15 P. M A. M ll A. M A. M 10 00 A. M 10 07 10 27 10 37 10 47 11 02 ll 08 ll 28 11 31 12 50 1 20 1 25 P. M P. M 8 25 8 52 8 55 P. M 0 P. M 3 Will also stop at tho following stations to tako on and lot off passongors: Phin ney's, Janice's and Sandy Springs. H. C. BEATTIE, ProBidont. J. It. ANDERSON, Superintendent.. SOUTHERN RAILWAY THE GREAT NIGH WAT OF TRADE A/Vf* '?'HAVEL, VamlttiafJ tH? Prlnolpol Commercial Centers) ?ind MeoltH and Pl??smPO ?.aorte of th? Seuth wt? H tho JP ?P NORTH, EAST and WEST. Mido-Ola?* Veattfcvil* Trains. Taroo** ?leeptog-Oars between New Yerto, and Now Orleans, vis Atlant*. Cincinnati en? Vi?rtale ?einte vi? A tl at aa ?a anal Wa Asnertlle. ??*w Tern a a? ?t Flerlale, eltner fia l*r n.?neor.f, Danville ara? ?avaanah, er vi? Rienmoaa?, Bonville arno Sarar.aa.an. ?Toparles DlnlnaJ.Oar Sarrleo era all Tkrou^K. Tva I aaa. Kn?all?i.t ?arvUa aaa? Low Motea te Onerierten oe* .eont Sonta* Carolina lautas? St at* ene! Weat Inalla? Reposition. Winter Toarla! Tletoots to all Resorts new ea aale at resinara! ratas. ?for ?tatsMast Information, lltormturo, timo tooloo, roto: oto. ?.?.ly sa moaroMt tlomoUmgont, or mttdtooo m. m. HARDWICK, Qonmrmt Pmooongor JBgont, Wmontngton, D. O? Wk,. W. MUNT. Slr. Pmooomgor Jogo**. Chmrto+ton. J. O. W. M. TATLOBi ?*??. Oom. Pas?. Jtgont, J?ltmnom, Om. J. C. BEAM, Ototrlot ?aar. Jtgmnt, v^?lAMi^ai? .Ba*. a Dr. G. C. Probst, DENTIST, Walhalla, S. C. Office Over C. W. Pitchford Co.'s Store, HOURS: 8:30 A.M. TO 1 P.M. AND 3 TO 6 P.M. Mareil 24, 1808. Dr. W. F. Austin, DENTIST, SENECA,..... S. C. OFFICE DAYS AND MONDAYS, THURSDAYS, of age. When scholarships are vacated after July 11th, they will be awarded to those making the highest average at this examination. The next session will open September 17, 1902. For further information and a catalogue, address PRESIDENT D. B. JOHNSON, 22 28? Rock Hill, S. C. COLLEGE OF CHARLESTON, CHARLESTON, S. CAROLINA. FOUNDED in 1785: strong faculty; well equipped chemical, physical and biological laboratories. Library of 14,000 volumes, and the finest museum of Natural History in the South. Excellent courses leading to the degrees of B.A., B.S. and M.A. Board, with furnished room, in College Dormitory can be obtained for $10 a month; tuition, $40. One scholarship, giving free tuition, is assigned to each county of South Carolina, the holder to be appointed by the Probate Judge and the County Superintendent. Total expenses for scholarship students, $112 to $130. All candidates for admission are permitted to compete for vacant Boy Scoutships, which pay $150 a year. Entrance examinations will be held at Walhalla on Friday, July 11, 1902. Next session begins September 21. For catalogue address HARRISON RANDOLPH, President. June 11, 1902. 24-28* Almanac Coast Line. Train Department. Fast Line Between Charleston and Columbia and Upper South Carolina and North Carolina. CONDENSED SCHEDULE.-CORRECTED. In effect March 20th, 1902. WESTWARD.?NO. 62. Leave Charleston on. 0:00am "Lanes. 7:51am "Sumter. 0:25am Arrive Columbia. 11:05am 44 Prosperity. 12:20pm Newberry. 12:42pm "Clinton. 1:25pm " Laurens. 1:47pm 44 Greenville. 8:25pm 44 Spartanburg. 8:50pm Leave Sumter. 0:45am Arrive Camden. 11:15am " Lancaster. 2:37pm 44 Rock Hill. 8:40pm " Yorkville. 4:18pm " Blacksburg. 5:25pm 44 Shelby, N. C. 6:00pm 14 Rutherfordton, N. C. 7:15pm 44 Marion, S. C. 8:50pm Winnsboro. 7:13pm Charlotte. 9:20pm Hendersonville. 11:00pm Asheville. 7:15pm EASTWARD. NO. 63 Leave Asheville. 8:00am 44 Hendersonville. 9:02am Charlotte. 8:10am Winnsboro.. 10:18am Leave Marion, S. C. 6:00am Arrive Rutherfordton, N. C.... 6:05am .4 Shelby. N. C. 7:15am " Blackburg. 8:15am 44 Yorkville.-9:15am Rock Hill. 10:00am 14 Lancaster. 10:55am 44 Camden.. 4:15pm 44 Sumter. 5:45pm 44 Spartanburg. 12:15am 44 Greenville. 12:22am 44 Laurens. 2:02pm 44 Clinton. 2:22pm 44 Newberry. 8:26pm Prosperity. 8 20 p m 44 Columbia. 4 40 p m 44 Sumter. 0 13pm 44 Inanes. 7 35 p m Arrive Charleston. 9 20pm WESTWARD. No. 58. Leave Charleston. 6 25 p m Lanes. 7 35 p m 14 Sumter. 9 15 p m Arrive Columbia. 10 40 p m EASTWARD. No. 50. Loavo Columbia. 6 55 a m 44 Sumter. 8 20ara " Lanes. 9 45 a m A i i ve Charleston.ll 86 a ra . Daily. t Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. Nos. 62 and . 63 Solid Trains between Charleston and Greenville. Nos. 58 and 59 carry Through Coach between Charleston and Columbia. II. M. EMERSON, Gen. Pass. Agent. o. R. K KN KY, General Manager. T. M. EMERSON, Traffic Manager. Picens R. R. Co. J. 44. EVANS, Proal4?ai. -A SCHEDULE IN EFFECT MAY 85,1003. No. 10. Dally Except Sunday. No. 0. Road Down. Mixed Train. Read np, 10 40 a iu.Lv rn kenn Ar.2 SA p m 10 45 a m.I.v Forfruson's Ar.3 45 p in 10 55 a in.Lv Parson's Ar.2 80 p in 11 00 am.Lv Arial's Ar.2 25 pin ll 05 a tn.I.v Mauldln's Ar.2 20 p ai ll 15 am.Ar Bosley Lv.....8 16 pw. No. 12. Dally Except Sunday. No. ll. Road Down. Mixed Train. Read Up. 4 00 p in.Lv Picken* Ar.7 15 p m 4 05 p in.Lv Ferguson's Ar..'.7 10 n m 4 15 p m.Lv Parson's Ar.7 00p ia 4 20 p in.Lv Arial'? Ar.fi 66 p in 4 25 pin.Lv Mauldln's Ar.?60 pin 4 40pm.Ar Bosley Lv.fi46pm No. 10 connects with Southern Railway No. 89. No. 9 connects with Southern Railway No. 19. No. 12 connects with Southern Railway No. ll, No, lt connocts with Southern Railway Ko. 40. For any information apply to J. T. TAYLOR, (louerai Manager.. | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'sn84026912_1902-07-02_1_4_1', 'collection': 'US-PD-Newspapers', 'open_type': 'Open Culture', 'license': 'Public Domain', 'date': '1902.0', 'title': 'None', 'creator': 'None', 'language': 'English', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '5651', 'token_count': '8170', '__index_level_0__': '44195', 'original_id': '9ecf6e7f9d80a313dd838c57a01846b1a3647444572fc09066311b3bf904e346'} |
No big move in real estate prices for 2-3 years: Gulam M. Zia, Knight Frank
This is not the time to buy real estate as an investor. The way things are going, real estate is not likely to move up significantly in the next 2-3 years
Gulam M. Zia (File photo)
Gulam M. Zia (File photo)
Knight Frank Executive Director, Advisory, Retail & Hospitality, Gulam M. Zia tells ET Wealth why buyers should avoid investing in property and how the rollout of the GST and implementation of the RERA could impact real estate prices.
Home loan rates have come down and prices have not risen too much. Is this a good time to buy property?
This is not the time to buy real estate as an investor. The way things are going, real estate is not likely to move up significantly in the next 2-3 years. If the objective is to earn from the investment, other asset classes (such as stocks, fixed income and gold) are likely to generate better returns than property.
The real estate sector is going through a lot of pain and we have not yet reached the bottom. With the kind of risks involved in real estate investments if the prices take more than five years to double then it doesn’t make any sense.
What about people who want to buy for their own use?
If the property is for self-use, the considerations are completely different. Then you can go ahead and buy because you need a house to live in. However, if you are in a position to wait it out, don’t buy just now. The GST (Goods & Services Tax) has been rolled out and the benefits of the new tax system will become apparent in a few quarters. The cost of constructing a house may come down after builders start claiming the input credit tax.
Are you suggesting that one might be able to get lower prices in the coming years due to GST?
Much will depend on whether the real estate developers pass on the benefits of lower construction costs to the buyers. It is highly likely that developers might not pass on the benefits immediately. Many of them have experienced a couple of bad years and may want to cover up historical losses before passing on any benefits to buyers. However, since it is a buyer’s market today, a seller may be compelled to share the spoils earlier than anticipated.
The NCR was once a thriving market for real estate but is now floundering. What are your observations?
The NCR market continues to plumb new depths. With an inventory of over 1.8 lakh units, the NCR has the highest unsold stock in the country. Unsold flats are not a big worry if sales are faster than the time taken for completing the projects. In Mumbai, the average age of the unsold inventory is three years while it takes almost five years to complete a project and hence inventory build-up is not worrisome. But in NCR, it takes more time to sell a property.
In current times at the prevailing sales velocity, it may take nearly 18 quarters for a property to be sold. In some micro-markets within the NCR, such as Faridabad, that figure is as high as 35 quarters (or nearly nine years). It seems nothing is selling in that locality. In Greater Noida, prices of property have actually come down in recent months after demonetisation. Though sales improved in Greater Noida during the previous quarter, the inventory is very huge (69,000 units) and it will take 15 quarters to sell the inventory.
The RERA has not been notified in Uttar Pradesh and Haryana till now. How far has this contributed to the state of the real estate market in Gurugram, Noida and Greater Noida?
The NCR market is yet to benefit from the impact of RERA because it has not been notified. RERA got delayed in Uttar Pradesh because the current government is attempting to strengthen the guidelines in sync with the central RERA Act. The new regime in the state has made some modifications, which has delayed its implementation. In Haryana, the delay in notifying the RERA has contributed to the lacklustre sales and launches in Gurugram and other cities.
There is a lot of speculation that the new airport at Jewar will boost the real estate market in Noida and Greater Noida. Is this optimism justified? What kind of impact could it have on sales and prices of property?
Social and physical infrastructures definitely add to the attractiveness of a location thus improving its real estate potential. However, since globally most of the airports are planned far away from the city to avoid congestion, the spatial growth in the direction of the airport takes its own time.
Case in point being is the Devanhalli and Shamsabad airports in Bengaluru and Hyderabad respectively where neither of the locations have emerged as favoured real estate destinations. Another example is the Panvel airport in Navi Mumbai which has been the talk of the town for over a decade.
The Smart City Mission is another scheme that is being touted by developers. Do you think it will significantly impact property prices in those cities?
The Smart City Mission is all about improving standard of living of the citizens. The Smart City Project will definitely improve the overall living conditions of the city and benefit the residents. But it is not meant to favour any builder or project or location in a city. Even so, the Smart City theme is used by few developers and builders in the sales pitches. Buyers should see through the charade.
If this is not the time to buy property, is it the time to sell? Many buyers are saddled with investments that have earned zero returns in the past 3-4 years. What should they do?
Developers are compelled to sell because they have to raise money to complete the project or to simply be in the business of development; whereas not all individuals are compelled to sell. Sell only if you are in distress and have to raise funds for some pressing needs.
It is a buyers’ market. Nobody will respect the price you quote for the property and you will be forced to bring it down. The best option would be to sit tight and wait for better prices after a few years.
Your research shows that rentals are on the rise. What could be the reason for this rise, especially when there is a lot of supply of newly completed properties?
The growth in number of households hasn’t stopped merely because real estate sales are dwindling. This means the demand has simply shifted from outright purchases to leases. People obviously require houses and may have postponed the decision to buy thus leading to renting being the only option in the interim. Hence the demand of renting has been gradually increasing while sales of home have been on a downslide.
Legal remedies available to homebuyers against builders for unfair practices adopted
Sponsored Stories | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '51', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9684507250785828}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '212287', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:Y6O54ELXNJ3KW5IWW36FJXU55WP4ZV25', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:5a6cc27e-d890-4a05-ad09-d4d4e9700206>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 19, 20, 49, 33), 'WARC-IP-Address': '23.6.75.40', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:JGEHIV3ICUKGZZ26NOVRKNZ4A7A6HKFW', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:888bb74c-9bbf-4b08-b55d-e5e7bcd514a2>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://realty.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/no-big-move-in-real-estate-prices-for-2-3-years-gulam-m-zia-knight-frank/59625827', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:e8fd270a-08d9-4e37-ada2-f41c8f1be8ac>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1171', 'url': 'https://realty.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/no-big-move-in-real-estate-prices-for-2-3-years-gulam-m-zia-knight-frank/59625827', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-47-182-244.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03161650896072388', 'original_id': '6090fcb4c7b9e073471be1b68fcb54f25e59abd8afd5a2b41c8e4c3200ac7c1e'} |
this thread does not suck
1. MMike
Other peoples' music
So I'm driving in today. My mp3 and FM transmitter in full effect. A guy pulls up beside me and I start getting interference. So I pause my music, and I can clearly hear the other guy's. He was a kid in a lowered Civic, with baseball cap on backwards.....totally rocking out to Gloria...
2. MMike
It's been a few days now....
I think we've had time to digest it. Come to terms with it. But I think it's important that we talk about it openly. We need to accept that the bird is the word.
3. HAB
This thread is going to be a lot less interesting than the title might suggest. I've been building my own wheels for years, and have laced up 4 or 5 sets for myself. I've never broken a spoke on any of the wheels I built for myself. But in the last two rides I've been on, I've broken 3...
4. Arkayne
Introducing my new mini-monkey
8/20 8:11PM 19" 7lb my baby Noah made his debut! I gotta tell you, what a wonderful life changing event. I'm a daaaad! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9800176620483398}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '78182', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:SCCVD4YLNIM5OYHZPOCXGIYDNNB3U23Q', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:12532234-d543-43af-82e9-ac1e60c906b7>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 8, 12, 15, 16, 16), 'WARC-IP-Address': '52.7.137.190', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:NBXPJYIIKG5CAJ7Y7BWDQGLCQX5RFMXD', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:7b7d177f-c730-43d6-ba45-258f4b474934>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://ridemonkey.bikemag.com/tags/this-thread-does-not-suck/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:e7e5da11-810c-403f-925b-5d9436bca0c6>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '198', 'url': 'https://ridemonkey.bikemag.com/tags/this-thread-does-not-suck/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-34\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for August 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-167.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.11675018072128296', 'original_id': '36f720b5084dfe8ef7ce6252632d3322d969b76bd75957cb19e1c3f5d4b24e76'} |
BRIGEVIEW, ILL. - Claudio Suarez converted a penalty kick and led Chivas USA to its second road win of the season, a 2-1 victory Saturday night over the Chicago Fire.
In the 90th minute, Chicago's Gonzalo Segares took down Chivas USA's Jonathan Bornstein inside the box.
Suarez stutter-stepped and shot the ball into the upper right corner for a 2-1 lead in the Major League Soccer match.
Juan Pablo Garcia had given Chivas USA a 1-0 advantage in the 77th minute. Bornstein crossed the ball to Garcia at the top of the box. He settled it and shot into the upper right corner past Fire goalie Zach Thornton for the goal.
In the 82nd minute, Chicago's Chris Rolfe tied things up. Ivan Guerrero passed the ball to Rolfe, who battled Chivas USA goalie Preston Burpo. Rolfe beat him, sending the ball bouncing off Burpo and into the net.
The win was Chivas USA coach Bob Bradley's first against the Fire, the team he coached in 1998-2002.
There were 17,066 fans at Toyota Park for the match.
In other action
Wizards 4, Crew 0 Davy Arnaud , Scott Sealy , Sasha Victorine and Ryan Pore scored for Kansas City, which snapped a nine-game winless streak with a victory over Columbus at home.
Kansas City won for the first time since June 17 and improved to 7-11-4, while Columbus had its winless streak stretched to 12 games.
The Crew (4-10-8) are in last place in the Eastern Conference.
The Wizards struck first in the fourth minute when Arnaud stole the ball from Chris Leitch and fired in a shot from about 23 yards.
It was Arnaud's second goal of the season.
The Wizards took a 2-0 lead in the 17th minute when newcomer Dave van den Bergh crossed a ball to a breaking Sealy in front of the Columbus goal. Sealy one-timed a shot just under the crossbar.
Victorine scored a rebound goal in the 78th minute when goalkeeper Bill Gaudette failed to control a corner kick from Jose Burciaga.
Eleven minutes later, Pore, a second half sub for Sealy, scored on a 25-yard shot from the right side.
Rapids 1, Galaxy 0Nicolas Hernandez scored in the 41st minute to lift Colorado victory over Los Angeles at home.
Thiago Martins grabbed a turnover deep in the Galaxy end and found Kyle Beckerman, who put a low ball across the front of the goal. Hernandez took it and scored his team-leading sixth goal of the season.
Joe Cannon preserved the shutout with a diving save on a shot by Landon Donovan in the final minutes.
Cannon also made a save in the 35th minute when he tipped a shot by Quavas Kirk over the crossbar. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9356663823127748}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '212734', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:2INVKJLW5Y4VF7ZAWQPB5XF56JNUG3SO', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f2ef1687-06d5-45f4-a2eb-86821dc1e1bb>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 23, 2, 41, 55), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.202.220', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:QWE46TXTM6673JPNHSEV27WWT4LHKTAA', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:2b709514-3054-418a-bdda-f7c5814ef15c>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.chron.com/sports/dynamo/article/MLS-Chivas-USA-put-out-Fire-in-90th-1903286.php', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:4c4c4fce-45b6-4b5d-aff3-7686c7a94c0e>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '448', 'url': 'https://www.chron.com/sports/dynamo/article/MLS-Chivas-USA-put-out-Fire-in-90th-1903286.php', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-179-45-39.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04613184928894043', 'original_id': '7db223e41e566efa2dd445c32c2c71492556f264eb5a0c27076677750a9e9578'} |
getting a brewers notice
***NOTE: I have had two comments now from confused readers regarding my use of the term of “Pilot.” I use the term pilot to refer to a brewery’s test system – the brewing equipment used to prepare small batches of beer. My use does not include the TTB’s use in the “pilot brewery license,” which is a license reserved for educational, scientific and research purposes. That license will not allow you to sell your beer. But using a “pilot-type” brewing system, you can obtain a normal Brewers Notice. That is my intent with this article. Hope that clears it up!
The past few months have been extremely exciting. My office has been inundated with calls from brewers ready to go commercial. I am very happy to announce that Reiser Legal’s flat rate licensing packages have been uber successful – and as a result we have more beer being churned out. I only wish I could help more of you in other states (sorry guys and gals).
A trend is seriously starting to take shape – brewers are getting the TTB out of the way early on by licensing a pilot system. Whether it’s a 10 gallon system, or its a 10 bbl commercial pilot, many are finally taking advantage of the fact that a Brewers Notice can be attained much earlier than you might have thought.
I have always taken the stance that the best thing a brewery can do is get licensing accomplished as soon as possible. Waiting until you have you found investors, ordered equipment, installed equipment, ordered materials, etc. – can cost you quite a bit of money in standstill operations. Remember, the TTB and state licensing processes can take several months to accomplish.
In the past few years, the TTB has become accustomed to the “nanobrewery.” Regularly, the TTB licenses commercial brewing operations of no more than 10 gallons of production per batch. In some instances, I have seen anything from modified stovetop assemblies to standing burner setups get their TTB licenses and begin to churn out legally-salable beer.
The important things to remember are that the TTB will only license a bonafide commercial operation – which means finding zoned space capable of meeting local codes. Sometimes, it might be an industrial garage and sometimes it will be a small shed in your residential backyard. But, as long as you can meet the minimum standards, your dream of opening a microbrewery might be closer than you thought.
Knowing these things, many brewers are getting started earlier than they had hoped. By obtaining a suitable space and a reliable pilot brewing system, brewers are able to submit their application to the TTB and state licensing agencies. Once approved, they can grow organically and obtain change of locations, change of owners and other approvals required by the TTB.
Want an example? The photo above is my wife’s brand spanking new pilot system. This system will be used to submit an application to get her brewing. With the licensing processes out of the way, she can begin producing and selling beer while raising the money to start a full scale production facility.
Don’t delay the application process. Get brewing and grow organically.
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We have now joined the law firm of Miller Nash Graham & Dunn! Contact us for a free initial consultation with a licensed attorney experienced in beer law. We can review the legal issues your brewery faces, with no cost or obligation. Reach us via telephone at 503.205.2596 via email at info@brewerylaw.com.
We assist breweries nationwide with federal trademark and TTB needs, and provide full beer law legal services to breweries in several states. If your matter requires legal counsel in a different state, let us refer you to another trusted beer attorney who can help.
Disclaimer
This website and its content is made available by Reiser Legal for educational purposes only, to provide general information on brewery law and not to provide legal advice. If you use this website you understand that there is no attorney-client relationship between you and Reiser Legal and that you should not use this blog as a substitute for competent legal advice from a licensed professional attorney in your state. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '0e79e73bbdceac67403124d98b13f31d462d165f36801274704d58e6f81780b5'} |
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Laboratory Scales
Just In Scales offers a comprehensive range of laboratory scales for high precision weighing requirements. We stock analytical scales, compact scales, mini digital scales, moisture analysers, scientific scales and high-precision scales.
Our Laboratory scale categories:
| dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '9', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.6509243845939636}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '57587', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:CYNN3HYTSGXC6WDEV5X3UWB6W5NBOW5F', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:7689abb7-e2c6-4615-8206-11aaf3265a2c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 6, 18, 4, 50, 43), 'WARC-IP-Address': '203.30.44.22', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:6FQKVSMKPRLJVGJADUNCDAWN5XJCEX6J', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:ab6bae6c-c298-46d8-9938-cf4a19eb49f2>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://justinscales.com/our-catalogue/laboratory/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:eb9525ed-5bb8-499d-a2e4-3d5e437c665a>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '66', 'url': 'http://justinscales.com/our-catalogue/laboratory/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-26\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-149-156-229.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06437861919403076', 'original_id': 'cb345343fac2a622333177349de6c9b2d702e022acd8419a4193783f0b6e2e40'} |
Patients' experience of oxygen therapy and dyspnea: a qualitative study in home palliative care.
Dyspnea is a common and distressing symptom in advanced cancer patients. Our preliminary work shows that in the home palliative care population sampled for this study, the prevalence of dyspnea is 29.5% and of those, 26.2% used oxygen therapy. Previous studies suggested that oxygen therapy can be a burden to patients. This study seeks to report the prevalence and describe the experience of dyspnea, pattern of oxygen use, and patients' perceived benefits and/or burdens of oxygen therapy in home palliative care patients receiving oxygen therapy. Qualitative in-depth interviews, using an interview guide, were conducted with eight participants in their homes. Thematic analysis was performed using a framework approach. All patients in this project used oxygen most of the time. The descriptions of shortness of breath varied and were nonspecific. The patients identified more advantages than disadvantages. The advantages of oxygen use included increased functional capacity, patients' perceiving oxygen as a life-saving intervention, as well as a symptom-management tool. The identified disadvantages were decreased mobility, discomfort related to the nasal prongs, barriers to accessing oxygen therapy and noise related to the equipment. The advantages of oxygen usage outweighed the disadvantages for this sample of patients in the home palliative setting. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'df20986d1bf02f62347b0aaf7689256371559d8677486437b67d30ea7bfa6ded'} |
Obat Eksim Cure
Ayurvedic Cure for Depression
What depression is not: clinical depression is not feeling down because of some loss or happenings that happen in day to day life. You may feel depressed for quite a time or for a few days. You will be able to identify the reason for such dejection and will get over it soon.
Clinical depression is feeling depressed with no apparent reason. This is something more serious than feeling depressed over some matter – like a loss of something.
A person with clinical depression just fails to find motivation to do anything at all.
Causes of Clinical Depression
No one can pin point a factor as the reason for depression. Several factors contribute to depression. In the ancient Vedic periods, people had to worry little about depression. The colonized life of man can be one among the prime reasons of depression.
Heredity, physiology, childhood or early life experiences, side effects of certain medicines and psychological factors can contribute to clinical depression. Stressful life, imbalanced diet, alcohol or drug consumption etc can cause depression.
Clinical Depression Treatment
There is a variety of techniques used in Ayurveda to effectively lift the mental state of a person. Ayurveda methods for treating depression are completely free from side-effects. Recurrence of depression to previous levels is also rare in Ayurvedic depression cure.
The main requirement of Ayurvedic treatment for depression includes meditation, avoiding non-vegetarian food, eating lot of fruits and drinking lot of water; going to bed, taking meals and going to toilet at specific times of the day; going to bed early before 10pm, waking up with sunrise, walking long distances in the morning light, and putting your body in a balanced and active state.
According to Ayurveda an imbalance of the three doshas (vata, pitta and kapha) of tridosha and general ignorance about self contribute to depression. There is less communication between neurons of brain, which leaves the person sluggish.
The treatments are aimed at releasing the extra-influence of Kapha on Vata and Pitta. Kapha tries to balance the imbalance that may occur to vata and pitta by slowing down their movements. This leads to stagnation, darkness and the result will be depression.
Scroll To Top | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '66', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9163488149642944}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '18636', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:HKTNXBQ45KDB7JIPHSSFMKIKEY2SAWU6', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:5582158e-931c-43bc-9635-351b248e8b4c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 2, 16, 18, 9, 10), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.252.106.177', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:545IGGDVAOYF7FRZDUOIYBRNFVIV47C2', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:ef225983-3048-447c-ba38-fd49a4243f07>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.obateksim.us/2018/11/20/ayurvedic-cure-for-depression/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:074a9046-d079-4e34-9a55-f79f68f95307>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '434', 'url': 'http://www.obateksim.us/2018/11/20/ayurvedic-cure-for-depression/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-09\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-165-219-203.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.2647436857223511', 'original_id': '4fcc2eaaac642daac02b0a20226a09bc0288f8b48cfb1c937705550f577977cc'} |
SSD or HDD? De-mystifying your computer storage choices.
Picture of a red-haired woman in a blue shirt looking confused. Choosing between an SSD and a standard hard drive can be very confusing.
In the past several years, storage media has come a long way.
For nearly 25 years, there was one option for internal storage on your PC. While the sizes, connectors and spin speeds varied, all internal storage was done on a hard disk drive (HDD). Over the last 10 years, however, there has been a quiet revolution. Enter the SSD, or solid state drive. These days, new computers can come with either type of storage, or sometimes both. What are the differences, and which is best for you?
What is a hard drive?
An HDD or hard disk drive is a fairly old type of technology. It consists of a spinning disc and several heads to read it. It stays inside your computer and holds all of your files and programs. These days, you can get a hard drive in a wide range of sizes, though most consumer models are between 1 and 4 TB or terabytes. That’s a vast amount of room, which will be major overkill for most home users.
What is a solid state drive?
A solid state drive, or SSD is also a type of computer storage. However, an SSD has no moving parts. It’s made up of many interconnected tiny silicon chips, and as such can access the data much faster. While much more expensive for the storage capacity at this point, the SSD has many advantages, especially in the area of speed.
So which is best for you?
Which you need, or indeed whether to have both, is a question we get from a lot of clients. This explanation should remove some of the mystery.
While a traditional HDD must spin up and rotate to access the data stored upon it, an SSD has no such need. The speed is limited more by the type of connection it has to your processor than the time it takes to read your data. Because of its speed, an SSD is a very good drive to have your operating system or other frequently used programs on.
What would Cherry Tree Technology recommend?
Here at Cherry Tree Technology, we recommend an SSD for most clients. Most users never need the extra space granted by a standard HDD or a dual drive system. If you’re a gamer, photographer, engineer, or have a large collection of media, a dual drive system may make sense. If you still have questions, please contact us. We’d be happy to help you ensure your computer storage media is working for you, not against you. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9644328355789183}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '26861', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PHFSJD47T5Q3O2LEGLM7W5MM732FLDPQ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:0e9f7056-ec62-417e-9a07-53127328e21f>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 12, 9, 4, 47, 21), 'WARC-IP-Address': '157.245.188.88', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:WQ6BHQGPQFNY6JX7QX3PKJRMOC7WRLKH', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:2b77390d-982e-4c5e-8c2d-f23f89cf86eb>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://cherrytree.tech/category/answers/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:5ed1e3c9-ff59-4fa1-9bae-c89755548143>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '451', 'url': 'https://cherrytree.tech/category/answers/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-51\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for December 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-248.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.14691013097763062', 'original_id': '592d751a264d77a954e19dd59d3643d66fd24356478ca234fbbef76f5847c29b'} |
Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on HIV replication. Role of immune activation.
The prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has increased worldwide, in part due to the HIV epidemic. Epidemiology data have demonstrated that HIV-infected individuals are more susceptible to MTB disease, which may lead to an acceleration in the progression of HIV disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether MTB modulates HIV infection in vivo and to delineate the mechanisms involved by using in vitro model systems. Plasma viral load was measured in HIV-infected individuals before, during, and after the development of MTB disease; a 5- to 160-fold increase in viral replication was observed during the acute phase of MTB disease. In order to evaluate the mechanisms involved in this MTB-induced HIV replication, we used an in vitro system of primary PBMC and lymph node mononuclear cells isolated from HIV-infected individuals. The data demonstrated that MTB induced HIV replication in CD8+ T cell-depleted lymphocytes from HIV-infected individuals with a history of purified protein derivative (PPD) positivity but not in those who were PPD negative; this induction of HIV replication correlated with the level of cellular activation. In an in vitro acute HIV infection model, MTB increased HIV replication in PBMC from healthy donors with a history of PPD positivity, but not in PBMC from PPD-negative donors and this induction of viral replication also correlated with cellular activation. In conclusion, MTB increased HIV replication in vivo and in an in vitro model. This MTB-mediated viral production likely occurs through Ag-specific activation and infection of responding T cells. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '5a0bf834abd27cd57ff8b6f5dd635fc559d39003bf0b8ddcea8a165bd686c346'} |
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