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Target Smart Cart
A new product to improve the shopping experience at Target Stores.
In August 2017, Amazon bought one of the biggest grocery chains: Whole Foods for a whopping $13.4 billion. Further, Amazon Go already gave a glimpse into what the future of shopping at the retail stores could look like.
With this semester-long project, we proposed a "Smart Cart" product where a tablet gets attached to a shopping cart and leverages augmented reality technology to simplify the end-to-end shopping experience for a Target customer.
We are hoping that this product will give Target a competitive edge over Amazon and other retail stores.
Sept - Dec, 2018 (3 months)
User Research
Data Analysis
Product Design
Jashan Gupta
Modassir Iqbal
Varsha Kori
Xueyin Liu
Design a solution to improve the shopping experience at Target Stores.
Understanding opportunities and pain points around retail shopping.
We wanted to understand how people act in the context of shopping and wanted to capture both observational and inquiry data, thus, we decided to use contextual inquiry as to our primary research method.
We interviewed 9 participants representing diverse demography across age, sex, marital status, and occupation.
A part of the affinity diagram
We used affinity analysis to generate themes out of the gathered user data. Further, we created several communicative models: Identity Model, Sequence Model, and Day-in-the-life Model.
We discovered a number of opportunities and pain points but eventually, decided to focus on 5 major problems because of the higher frequency of occurrence and possibility of a solution to lie in the product design realm rather than service design.
Five major opportunities and pain points in the Target shopping experience.
1. Ineffective shopping list
Everyone has a shopping list either written or mental and it is highly collaborative in nature. Even though the Target mobile app has the functionality to create shopping lists, it is incomplete: it does not support collaboration and creation of multiple lists for different occasions.
2. Finding a product takes too much time
We saw our participants running down different aisles to find a product because of undescriptive signs. Even being in the correct aisle does not ensure easy product discovery as our participants often missed their desired product among numerous other products. This led to a frustrating user experience and lost sales.
5. Opportunity for a quicker checkout
Self-checkout counters were introduced as a solution for quicker checkout but it wasn't long before queues became common even outside these counters.
Thus, an opportunity for a quicker way of checkout still exists.
4. It is difficult to compare products
Unlike online shopping, retail shopping lacks user reviews thus making it difficult to decide which product is better. Further, comparing nutritional information and price is a big hassle.
3. Finding key product information is cumbersome
Expiry Date, Calories, Protein Content, Allergens, etc. Every person looks for different product information that helps in making buying decisions but all this information is finely printed and located in different areas on different items. This cumbersome interaction negatively impacts the shopping experience.
Lo-fi design and testing
After spending numerous hours ideating several solutions, we decided to go ahead with the idea of a mobile app with AR navigation and checkout functionality inside it.
Lo-fi Design
CRISIS!!! Time to go back to the drawing board...
After creating the low-fidelity designs, we realized that even though the designs accommodated for many things, it did not consider two major instances:
1. People come to Target for high volume shopping and blocking one hand with a mobile phone would lead to a cumbersome experience.
2. The above solution did not accommodate the need for putting items in a bag after purchase.
We went back to the drawing board with the above concerns and came up with the concept of Smart Cart.
The Target Smart Cart concept
How the Target Smart Cart works
1. Create shopping lists collaboratively
Use the Target mobile app to collaborate on shopping lists. Now, even create shopping lists for multiple occasions.
2. Import your shopping list by scanning the QR code on Smart Cart
Once in the target store, simply scan the QR code to import the shopping list. The system will then pick the quickest route and will guide the user in an intuitive way using AR technology.
Smart Cart login process
Smart Cart home screen for login
Home screen after login with shopping list and AR navigation
3. Scan barcode and add items to the cart
This provides a simplified shopping process. Original process: Put items in the cart -> Take out when checking out -> Scan item -> Put items in the shopping bag.
Current process: Scan item -> put items in the shopping bag.
Add to cart process
Scanning item screen
Item added to cart screen
4. Check relevant product information easily
GIF: Item added to cart screen
Product info card
5. Checkout directly from the cart
Checkout process
Home screen after all the items has been added to the cart
Cart screen
Select payment method screen
Transaction complete and receipt screen
What I learned from the project
• Conducting a lengthy, full-fledged user research study & presenting design insights and product concepts.
• How to conduct contextual inquiries and use that data to drive design directly.
• How to communicate with major stakeholders as a user researcher.
• Why certain components of user research such as immersion of teams in user data and making deliverables highly communicative are instrumental.
Other Works
StardogProject type
DocOn TVProject type
TargetProject type
Lift AcademyProject type
DoorDash RedesignProject type
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My view on homosexuality
Discussion in 'Opinions, Beliefs, & Points of View' started by suicide_ideation, Jul 15, 2007.
Thread Status:
Not open for further replies.
1. I hear arguments from both sides, and to me none make any sense. So, in a non-confrontional and uncondescending way, I'm gonna share my view, which I believe is the rational and logical position.
My view is not mainstream, but it is reality, and I'll try to make my point, without getting banned, people share their views, I'm gonna share mine, and i'm gonna keep it clean.
Humans have an instinctive urge to reproduce. Biologically-speaking, there is a 'fault' somewhere in the homosexual's brain, science has showed this; homosexuals have higher levels of feminization in some parts of their brain. That is why most homosexuals 'act' more feminine in comparison to other males - for lesbians, it's the other way around. So, is this an 'abnormality'? In a way, it is, cuz it's not in the norm. But in a scientifical way, is it normal? Were humans meant to be homosexual? I think not. I compare it to being born with 3 legs. Homosexuality ressembles OCD, which is a mental disorder, in the way, that both have an urge to do something which is, in my opinion, 'irrational'. Keep in mind, that without, the 'fault' in the brain, no male will want to sodomize another male.
Some will say homosexuality exists in nature, so that's a proof it's ok, or natural. Incest exists in nature. Animals are born with 3 legs. What does that prove?
Homosexuality, by it's very nature, is consensual. While pedophilia or zoophilia isn't. But all three are attracted to something they shouldn't be, in my opinion.
Did our tolerance for gays, lead to promiscuity in gays? Which, in turn, led to the spread of HIV in the gay community.
The sex revolution of the 1960s was followed by the spread of HIV/AIDS. Coincidence?
Ok, I'm just warming up here.
I am not a Christian. But I believe if we're gonna live in a 'civilized world', we should have some rules. It's either that, or we go back to the jungle with the monkeys, but we do not live in a 'civilized world' like monkeys.
I reject lust, because I'm unselfish. So, the only form of sex, humans should have, in my opinion, is procreational sex. Because it has a natural purpose. All other motives, are hedonistic. Lust can lead to a variety of bad stuff and filth, including porn, incest, zoophilia, and abortion.
Heteros and homos are both tempted by lust. So the real issue here is lust, rather than homosexuality.
So, am I expecting the modern gay man, who's not religious like me, to follow what my beliefs are. Nope. But I'm following my beliefs.
I'll also add to end this, that gays do not chose to be gay, obviously. They're either born with it, or they become it.
I wanted my voice to be heard on here, I read lots of threads, recently about gays, and I didn't agree with anything that's been said.
2. I think the over-riding motivation that drives sexual activities ( of any kind ) is the desire to experience pleasure....not the desire to make a new human.
When a man performs anal sex :eek: on his willing female partner, how does that express a desire to procreate ? When a male and female willingly perform oral sex :bleh: upon each other, how does that express a desire to procreate ? :baby:
As far as being driven by lust:evil:, so what ? What if a young man and woman ( or same-sex couple ) are at the stage in life where their hormones are at their peak..if they consent to have a relationship that is based upon the mutual pursuit of sensual gratification what is that to anyone else ? Where is the destructive or degrading, dehumanizing, aspect that you may find so abhorent ?
All human relationships are based partially upon the assumption of "what do I get out of it ?" Our parents as youngsters, sized each other up and based their first impressions of each other purely upon sexual attractiveness. For the vast majority of humanity the "cute ass"
theory is step # 1 in any relationship.
Unbridled sexual energy does not need to be legitimized by stating that it should only be used for making new humans. Btw, there are more than six billion people on Earth, how many more do you think we need ? :blink:
Yes, we do need legal parameters regarding child molestation, rape, etc, but thankfully these sexual practices represent only a small portion of the sexually active. As long as these rules are not being violated then just leave people the hell alone. We only live once, and our sexual drive won't last us in our advanced years :eek:ld:, so as long as you're not having sex with corpses or something..then copulate till you can't stand up. :drool::barmy:
Just my humble opinion. :patriot:
Last edited: Jul 15, 2007
3. Darken
Darken Well-Known Member
That's a wrong generalization. All homosexuals don't act more like the opposite sex than normal. It may be a abnormality yes but it happens. What are you trying to imply? That we should mistreat or make homosexuality or bisexuality illegal like in some other countries (which are mostly governed by religious fanatics btw)? It doesn't have any more negative effects than heterosexuality, there is no reason to be intolerant of gays.
Sex for relief is normal, its just like urinating, you can't hold it in too long and its only natural to do it. True that lust can have some bad effects if misused thats why people should be more educated about it and taught more logical rules. Because it may cause some bad things to happen some times doesn't mean every one shouldn't have sex for any thing but reproducing. Some other animal species have sex just for pleasure too if that means any thing.
4. I'd rather have an authoritarian state, than a tolerant state.
5. And, yes, homosexuals ''act'' more feminine than heterosexuals.
6. Raiden
Raiden Guest
You're incorrect about homosexuals "acting" more feminem than Hesterosexuals, by the way.
7. Hi suicide.
Some gay men do have "girl-ish" mannerisms :bubbles:, but what of it ?
Some gay men are extremely masculine and athletic :football:; some gay men are just plain-looking :burp: slobs.
There are heterosexual men that are prissy :cheer: as well. No offense but, big f**kin' deal.
None of these physical affectations have anything to do with their character do they ?
I saw a gay Marine ( male ) on the Bravo network show called Workout. This dude wasn't pretty and he sure as hell didn't swish. I'm sure if someone wanted to call him out on that issue that he would be more than happy to kick some ass. :thatsit:
I'm not ragging on you either. You are entitled to be as mainstream or radical in your views as you see fit. Btw, it's an interesting thread ,so far.
Last edited: Jul 15, 2007
8. ~Nobody~
~Nobody~ Well-Known Member
I know several who do, but in fact I know more who do not. They are not any more effeminate than your average bloke and you wouldn't even guess they were gay. Which is probably where your misconceived generalisation comes from - of the men that you know are homosexual, most are relatively effeminate.
That does not mean that the majority of homosexual men behave in an effeminate manner.
You can't honestly be suggesting that all gay men "act feminine". Or are you?
I would like to echo Darken in asking what solution you are proposing. You suggest that accepting homosexuality caused the spread of AIDS. Does that mean we shouldn't accept it? Would you like it to be illegal to perform any homosexual act? (As an aside, I only "know" - a friend of a friend of the family - one person who is HIV positive, and she is a heterosexual female.)
You have said on a few occasions that your problem isn't with homosexuality, but with "lust", defined by yourself as any sexual act that cannot result in pregnancy and childbirth. And if your problem is with "lust", then why is it always homosexuality you are discussing, rather than oral sex or contraception?
Are you a believer in Natural Law or Causality (I presume the latter, if anything, as you say you are not religious) in all aspects of life? How did you come to the conclusion that the sole purpose of sexual behaviour is procreation? Sex can strengthen a relationship, it can be the most beautiful expression of a couple's love for one another - do you accept that? If you do, then why can it not do the same for a homosexual couple?
One last point... You admit yourself that we can in no way choose our sexuality, so I don't understand how you can propose to do anything about it. Why should we be allowed to deny a couple that aspect to their relationship, purely because they happen to be of the same gender?
I'd really appreciate it if you could have the decency to consider my questions and answer them all, rather than replying with one sentence. I have taken the time to participate thoughtfully to your discussion point, so it'd be good if you could take the time to respond fully to what I have said. Thank you.
By the way, PDW, excellent post :yes: :thumbup:.
EDIT: Posts, in fact. You replied again as I was typing.
9. Thank you, ~Nobody~ :victory:
10. Hae-Gi
Hae-Gi Banned Member
suicide_ideation, why do you have a picture of Che Guevara as your avatar, if you're not communist? You talk about authoritatian states being better than tolerant ones (the Soviet Union was NOT communistic, by the way). Isn't communism supposed to be the ultimate form of democracy?
Last edited by a moderator: Jul 15, 2007
11. Some gays are easy to spot. And some are so effeminate that you won't ever see a heterosexual have similar mannerisms. Metrosexuals, btw, are totally distinct to me, and I never questioned Ryan Seacrest's 'orientation'.
Right, not all gays behave in an effeminate manner.
I am not proposing any solutions. I'm reading what's been said, and I'm retorking with what I think is the truth.
I don't know that I'd impose any laws on gays, in particular. But I don't like homo-fascists either that want to jail anyone that disagrees with them.
I know that HIV exists outside the gay community.
My point exactly, homosexuality isn't the issue, it should never be mentionned by Christians. Lust and sodomy is enough, and it touches both heteros and gays. No need to single out anybody.
I am an anarcho-primitivist, so I understand our instinctive urge to procreate. And evolution and natural selection. But I don't understand filth and lust in an unnatural world.
I think I've answered all your questions.
It's leaking, and the water is flooding, arm yourself with buckets, and throw the water out. I wanna close the leak. You people have found too much pleasure swimming in the flood.
Controlling symptoms is much harder than healing a disease.
We need a radical change.
Last edited: Jul 15, 2007
12. This is slightly off topic but communism essentially is an economic theory just as capitalism is an economic theory. They both are two different approaches as to how a nation's market system is set up and how it supposedly benefits it citizens.
They have little to do with whether a nation is totalitarian or not.
A nation based upon communism could, if it wished, extend many civil liberties to its citizens and still retain a collectivist economy.
A capitalist nation could embrace the principles of individual financial gain and yet still be a nation that severely curtails its citizens' freedoms ( eg, the USA and the controversial Patriot Act )
Sorry, I didn't mean to hijack this back to fag-bashing !
Ha ha, I just saw the Real Jock banner ....someone has a good sense of timing ! Hilarious !
Last edited: Jul 15, 2007
13. Hae-Gi
Hae-Gi Banned Member
Hmm, that's not what I've heard from the leader of the Swedish political party Vänsterpartiet... according to him, communism is the ultimate form of democracy, and he really seems read on communism. I guess I will have to read the teachings of Karl Marx, when I have the energy... should do it, anyway, considering a big part of my relatives see themselves as communists... my mother, too.
Last edited by a moderator: Jul 15, 2007
14. Actually you've thrown out a lot of miscellaneous ramblings. All I know ( or at least I think I know ) is that you're not too keen on gays and that you possess some rather unorthodox political views. That's all fine and dandy.
You haven't as yet defined what your "water, flood, close the leak" metaphor
actually means. I would like to concrete terms...what exactly is your "radical change" solution ?
Please enlighten us.
15. Esmeralda
Esmeralda Well-Known Member
I know that this in no way conreibutes anything substantial to the thread, but I like hanging out with guys more than girls, so I really want a gay male friend to go shopping and get pedicures with.
My religion of course states that homosexuality is immoral, but not being gay, I can't really say that if I were homosexual I would just live a life of celebacy. Yes, the Bible says homosexuality is wrong, twice I think. But the Bible is much more concerned with not being judgemental of others, so I believe that being overly-judgemental is a lot worse than just being gay and living your life.
16. I believe the spokesman for the Vansterpartiet is engaging in political doublespeak as far as his use of the term "democracy" is concerned. The terms almost seem mutually exclusive, almost like saying one is a Satan worshiping Christian.
Oh well, I live in America so I am at a distinct disadvantage compared to you
in evaluating Swedish politics. I suppose anything is possible.
17. Esmeralda
Esmeralda Well-Known Member
Also, if I had a gay child, I would be very sad because I know that their life would be a heck of a lot more difficult as a result. People who are anti-gay tend to be seriously the point where they think society is going to come crashing down just because 10 percent of the population enjoy a little same-sex action.
It cracks me up how guys love to see 2 women together, but practically throw up if they see 2 guys holding hands. I think a good rule is if a guy wants to watch girl-on-girl porno with you, tell him fine as long as you can follow it up with a little man-on-man viewing. That usually nips it in the bud. Guys like to explain it away saying "it's not the same because the female body is so beautiful" blah blah blah. They've obviously never seen Michelangelo's David.
18. Oops, sorry peanut. I went off on a tangent again with Hai-Gi and
political discussions. Maybe this thread should be re-named Homosexuals and Communists: can they co-exist peacefully in the 21'st century ? :wink:
19. Esmeralda
Esmeralda Well-Known Member
Hehe...I submit that they can. Very appropriate avatar btw :)
20. Peanut is a Christian that seems to have no problems with porn and sodomy.
Communists and gays can they coexist?
Christianity and homosexuality is uncompatible. But of course there are gay Christians. Just as there are, environmentalists driving suvs.
Of course democracy and communism is compatible.
Thread Status:
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It happens for all of us that our mind goes crazy. Thoughts after thoughts and no any useful conversation.
What we usually do in this situation?
Giving up and obeying our mind despite of knowing it is not true. Then, this response will become our habit and the next time when it happens again, we don't even think about the concept to process it wisely and will end up jumping into the wrong action again.
How can we eliminate this habit?
Simply by practicing to be a good listener and not jumping to any action. Imagine you are a father or mother of yourself and be patient enough to listen the whole conversation. Or you can be more vigilant and ask some good questions but Stay open to listen to those answers as well. Try not to judge yourself. Just witnessing the whole process.
When you practice the skill of listening, two amazing things will happen:
1- You see the true reality instead of your interpretation of the situation. Even those thoughts are your perspective of the incident but this time will be without judging yourself of having those thoughts. For instance, If you want to eat more but you know it does not benefit your body, before you judge yourself just listen to your mind when it is begging for more food. Then if you want, you can ask some simple questions like, you just ate your meal, do you want more? Do you feel your body still needs more? Are you still hungry? Can you wait until the next meal? and then again listen to all those answers that will come up. Try not to judge yourself in any of those steps.
2- The urge will go away soon. You will figure out that the overreacting causes by the urge not by the topic of the discussion. When your mind gets that you are always available to listen carefully then there will be no urge anymore. There is no need to react immediately just after the thought comes up. You can reassure yourself by reminding that "I have plenty of time to think about it and take good action ".
So practice being the best friend of yourself, Like a friend of yours comes over to your house to have a cup of tea and chit -chatting with you.
If you are curious about other tools for decluttering your mind, just feel free to sit in a one-on-one session with me. By working together, I would be able to guide you to clear up your mind and break your current pattern in order to build up an amazing new pattern for you. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9471033215522766}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '46103', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:6KVNGE6BSLWFF7SOZBDFKUBIPVITBH7W', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:fde498e6-164f-46f0-b95e-da25b2bf5770>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 17, 17, 47, 29), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.26.8.132', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:JL3LU6J53XLBLG3ZLTXKAB76QV26IWUY', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:bb3c4758-e6ae-40cb-ac46-da453a408c61>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://wikiexpert.com/articles/2483/1435/how-to-listen-to-your-mind', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:e8bc47e1-0859-489a-b827-95e0b41975fc>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '429', 'url': 'https://wikiexpert.com/articles/2483/1435/how-to-listen-to-your-mind', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-23.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.027269721031188965', 'original_id': 'ba363e3eea6aad7f36ef2eeeb83a716bf4788c25ffd37241b73c8a704547cd58'} |
Using Object Names in Kick-Starts Instead of Object IDs
Kick-Starts allow users to import large amounts of data into Workfront. The steps below outline how to use object names instead of object IDs, using the Group object as an example.
For more information on kick-starts, see the "Using Kick-Starts" section on the help page.
1. Navigate to the Setup area in your Global Navigation Bar.Short_setup_with_avatar_-_Jackie_Simms_copy.png
2. Expand System and then Kick-Starts.
3. Click Import Data.
4. Select the object you want to include in your kick-start from the objects listed in the What to include area, then click Download.
For example, select User, then click Download.
5. Open the file and locate the object ID column. In this example, it is setGroupIDKick_Start_Screen_1.png
6. Update the column header to reflect the object name. In this example, it is #setGroupID GROUP name. The column name changes depending on the object. For example, if you want to use Company Name, use #setCompanyID CMPY name. If you want to use Customer Name, use #setCustomerID CUST name, etc.
NOTE In the examples above, CMPY and CUST are the database names for Company and Customer. For more information about what the name of the objects are in the database, see "API Explorer."
This article last updated on 2018-01-04 19:10:52 UTC | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.675542950630188}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '36164', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:B2636GMYAEVX4OHVLJCJIHTCO6HRRGIC', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:90140a2a-5261-4ce6-8c10-7bcd4db56cd9>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 4, 19, 11, 57, 16), 'WARC-IP-Address': '35.174.160.246', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:EOVYOFKQYDDDN3F4KSJD55UGFKHNYJFX', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d94b3a22-d49c-47e2-93ca-1a08b1fa6fbc>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://support.workfront.com/hc/en-us/articles/115002143474-Using-Object-Names-in-Kick-Starts-Instead-of-Object-IDs', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:0aecf39e-c6e8-45df-af00-f823cac605d3>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '208', 'url': 'https://support.workfront.com/hc/en-us/articles/115002143474-Using-Object-Names-in-Kick-Starts-Instead-of-Object-IDs', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-228-193-233.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-17\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2018\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.22107791900634766', 'original_id': '6c613072ce074673eaaaa7e35549a53ff037065adb623b9593185e61f228535f'} |
Iron Furniture
If you have found an iron chair on the sidewalk, you have a table of the same material, oxidized and inherited the family or, if you simply have desire to renew this stool that is years ago in your storage, here are some tips to renew your iron furniture: * before an old furniture of iron, before doing anything, look if you don’t have that special charm which gives the natural deterioration over the years. ** If the furniture has several layers of old paint, it is first advisable to scrub with steel wool. Sometimes you can be cute when they appear different colors; It gives the feeling of a natural patinated, which can be very interesting. If you are not convinced, visit Anne Lauvergeon. If you did that, it’s worth stopping to think if it’s worth leaving it as it is, with its own history.If you see that is not cute and has too much paint, pincelalo with paint remover and let it act for a few minutes. Then you rasqueteas with a spatula and get everything.Eye! USA gloves and chinstrap with Remover because it is toxic and can hurt you skin.
** If it is a little rusty and what you want to repaint, first lijalo well with coarse sandpaper for metal. Then, pasale a sandpaper fine until it comes off all dust oxide that has. Crowne plaza rosemont has similar goals. Sometimes it is convenient to work with steel wool to achieve a better finish in the grooves and mouldings you may have.Then limpialo with a cloth soaked in thinner (thinner) to clean it at all. It is important that there are signs of rust! * Once the Cabinet is ready to start painting it, gives it two coats of paint rust (at least). He is achieved in different colors: black, green, white and brick. There are also aerosols in various shades, which are practical but more expensive and anything organic. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9618812799453736}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '22696', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:U5SEL3OTNQDVZ5VKCUYP42ZN3LWQN7HS', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:3b2d50f0-64ce-4a1c-8342-606dca7a01c1>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 1, 17, 13, 3, 11), 'WARC-IP-Address': '69.90.161.30', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:A5HECH3GD5IOLS3N5UGHB5XAGPB3TZVW', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:e0e3a24e-d1dc-42c2-a772-4e5a648291f6>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.billionmindsfoundation.org/tag/millionaire/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f349f3ba-dd78-4018-9d96-605e25259c51>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '320', 'url': 'http://www.billionmindsfoundation.org/tag/millionaire/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-05\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-105.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02727639675140381', 'original_id': 'dd6b8ede2c21bad3890e0abd5ed712351664b26d376b83d4a6c4eeb002e9bf2e'} |
Historic Salem, Inc.
Architectural Preservation Organization Since 1944
The current battle over the future of the Salem Armory Headhouse has brought back into the public spotlight Historic Salem, Inc., one of Salem's older citizen action organizations.
Historic Salem -- often known as HSI -- was created by the city in 1944 for the specific purpose of saving what are now known as the Witch House and Bowditch House, both of which had to be moved so that North Street could be widened.
The Witch House
The Witch House
The Bowditch House
Bowditch House
Under the leadership of President George Benson, HSI raised nearly $50,000 to restore the 17th century Witch House and to buy and move the Bowditch House from Essex Street to a new site on North Street. In 1948 the two structures were then deeded back to the city.
The city Park Department was to operate the Witch House as a tourist attraction, and use the Bowditch House for offices until HSI was ready to develop the building as a museum dedicated to Nathaniel Bowditch and navigation. HSI is currently exploring the possibility of opening such a museum.
Historic Salem was inactive in the 1950s, but it was revitalized in 1960 by a group of citizens interested in working to preserve buildings in the Derby Street neighborhood.
Narbonne House
Narbonne House, part of Salem Maritime National Historic Site
Over the next few years HSI played a central role in the acquisition of the 17th century Narbonne House on Essex Street by the Salem Maritime National Historic Site, and the restoration of the Pickman House at the corner of Liberty and Charter streets. The latter building had been discovered "hiding" under a Victorian roof by Elizabeth Reardon, who would become the organization's first woman president in 1965.
Pickman House, Liberty and Charter Streets.
Pickman House, now owned by the Peabody Essex Museum
Eventually the Pickman House was sold to a private developer who could afford to restore it and was willing to agree to the architectural guidelines established by Historic Salem, Inc.
Fighting urban renewal
During the 1960s HSI led the opposition to the city's original urban renewal plan, which called for bulldozing a significant majority of the buildings in the central business district. The group also began offering restoration workshops and historic house plaques for local residents who owned old homes.
The Salem Hamdbook, Historic Salem, Inc. (out of print).
The Salem Handbook, published in 1977, provided a guide for homeowners wanting to refurbish old homes in a way that brought out their historical character. from as far away as California.
HSI sponsored the first of its popular house and garden tours in 1973. "Three Centuries of Old Homes" attracted 1,400 people This has remained a popular biennial event and a major fundraiser for the group.
In more recent years the organization has also run the annual Christmas house tour. In 1975 HSI received a matching grant from the National Endowment for the Arts to develop strategies for preserving Salem's unique character in times of change and growth. The group hired the firm of Anderson Notter to survey and rate the architectural merit of more than 2,000 homes in five Salem neighborhoods. The city then offered low- interest home improvement loans in targeted areas.
Together, HSI and Anderson Notter also produced a 113-page restoration handbook.
Another grant in 1978 made it possible for HSI to inventory more than 1,700 Salem homes and to publish an industrial history of Boston Street.
Road races
The following year the organization sponsored the first of its annual Heritage Days road races. The race route was designed to highlight some of the city's more significant architectural neighborhoods.
In 1984, another grant allowed the group to develop guidelines for the preservation and maintenance of old homes. The group also installed signs at 10 locations in the city highlighting Salem's ethnic and cultural diversity.
Since the mid-1980s HSI has been increasingly involved in issues and developments that affect the city's historic neighborhoods. The group successfully lobbied for the demolition delay ordinance adopted by the city in 1985, and for stricter zoning codes relating to residential neighborhoods.
HSI also planted trees, and lobbied to restrict truck traffic in certain neighborhoods. The organization also played a significant role in the redesigning of Riley Plaza and the restoration of the park at Washington and Lafayette streets.
Jim McAllister
All rights reserved | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.964506983757019}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '9839', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:74SHJMF55FTTSRC35JIIJG2ATM4VKNAU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c489fff3-c3a0-4140-b8f7-65e0e7dea772>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 5, 16, 21, 7, 19), 'WARC-IP-Address': '209.160.59.218', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:YY3HNYCLYN7USX5QJDHHHLOVXTU3EOJX', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:1bca9f38-21c7-4e88-b8ed-e02299c84187>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://salemweb.com/tales/hsi.php', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:528ae1fb-ab0e-4949-929b-8ce53616efa0>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '727', 'url': 'http://salemweb.com/tales/hsi.php', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-21\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-223.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.019860684871673584', 'original_id': 'ad224a3351b7c32dd9a76a4d900f434bac3329d7539b6762e64350a9d1b66194'} |
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home:jkt-gentoo:trojita Trojitá, a Qt IMAP e-mail client * A pure Qt5 application with no additional dependencies * Robust IMAP core implemented using Qt's Model-View framework * Standards compliance is a design goal * On-demand message list and body part loading * Offline IMAP support * Support for bandwidth-saving mode aimed at mobile users with expensive connection * IMAP over SSH -- instead of going over an SSL socket, the server could be accessed via SSH * Safe dealing with HTML mail (actually more robust than Thunderbird's) http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/jkt-gentoo:/trojita/openSUSE_42.1/ openSUSE:Leap:42.1 openSUSE Leap 42.1 http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/leap/42.1/repo/oss/ trojita Qt IMAP e-mail client Trojita is a Qt IMAP e-mail client which: * Enables you to access your mail anytime, anywhere. * Does not slow you down. If we can improve the productivity of an e-mail user, we better do. * Respects open standards and facilitates modern technologies. We value the vendor-neutrality that IMAP provides and are committed to be as interoperable as possible. * Is efficient — be it at conserving the network bandwidth, keeping memory use at a reasonable level or not hogging the system's CPU. * Can be used on many platforms. One UI is not enough for everyone, but our IMAP core works fine on anything from desktop computers to cell phones and big ERP systems. * Plays well with the rest of the ecosystem. We don't like reinventing wheels, but when the existing wheels quite don't fit the tracks, we're not afraid of making them work. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '78', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8527440428733826}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '3114', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:3DQFVKNP4VYGOJCU2VG5YKJN5ECRSXBI', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:8f89c2da-d542-4b2a-be22-a211e5a021ba>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 20, 12, 37, 11), 'WARC-IP-Address': '195.135.221.140', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/x-suse-ymp', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:5VWXU4X32QNEGJBKR4NUKT3KUEIM6LLB', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:ee0b0c57-bc71-4d13-a570-39ceca917a77>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://software.opensuse.org/ymp/home:jkt-gentoo:trojita/openSUSE_42.1/trojita.ymp', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:ae365904-b67a-42d7-a127-1c16d788e03e>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '227', 'url': 'https://software.opensuse.org/ymp/home:jkt-gentoo:trojita/openSUSE_42.1/trojita.ymp', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-18\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-141-45-27.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.270873486995697', 'original_id': '5edf96fcb6604df8b33651ec2250bbe464750e36b797238e012dc9da4c382e41'} |
The Burned Crow
The Former Master of The Black Phoenix Syndicate
The founder and previous leader of the Black Phoenix Syndicate, he had a powerful lust for Feng’s “destiny,” to the point where he not only had The Party followed, but his foot soldiers crossed blades with them on several occasions. His ruthlessness extended to the friends and family of Hasan al-Husam, whom he executed without mercy or remorse. He is also likely the origin of the fire that destroyed Ban Xira and many innocent travelers that dwelt within.
His goal was simple: convince the unwilling Feng to offer up his destiny. He would use fear, coercion, and violence to draw out the Fireborn by striking at his companions, their families, and all those who would aid them.
It is said that he was once like Feng and had sought Ruby Mountain but, in his ambition, traveled there before he was ready. His resultant state, a black and twisted shadow of his former self, was the price of his hubris.
His violent madness and single-minded obsession with regaining his lost destiny cost him the support of his most powerful follower and ultimately lead to his defeat at the hands of The Party within the stronghold of The Cobalt Crown.
The Burned Crow
Amaranthia jtanzer | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9888789057731628}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '18868', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:AN5MYMI2BV52IRHF7NSIQ2TDRF6K2L7R', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c5f32d29-a8cb-492b-9ada-f9101722126b>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 12, 18, 18, 23, 53), 'WARC-IP-Address': '184.73.204.13', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:YFAKQZ5RWHLJJCHM2UROX5EWEMOCAG4M', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:b5bb73d5-2aae-4193-bd18-11c353d3eb2d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://amaranthia.obsidianportal.com/characters/the-burned-crow', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:7e2fbc0d-a3b7-448c-a72b-94afae3c898a>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '215', 'url': 'http://amaranthia.obsidianportal.com/characters/the-burned-crow', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-51\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for December 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-136-148-174.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02252119779586792', 'original_id': 'dcba76551223c2beebf71c8278e3f7c133a76b1208bd41801bc89e4fa2c6b6cb'} |
Socio-Economic Variation in the Effect of Economic Conditions on Marriage and Non-marital Fertility: Evidence from the Great Recession
The United States has become increasingly characterized by stark class divides in family structure. Poor women are less likely to marry than their more affluent counterparts, but far more likely to have a birth outside of marriage. Recent theoretical and qualitative work at the intersection of demography and cultural sociology suggests that these patterns are generated because poor women have high, nearly unattainable, economic standards for marriage, but make a much weaker connection between economic standing and fertility decisions. We use the events of the Great Recession, leveraging variation in the severity of the crisis between years and across states, to examine how exposure to worse state-level economic conditions is related to poor women’s likelihood of marriage and of having a non-marital birth between 2008 and 2012. In accord with theory, we find that women of low socio-economic status (SES) exposed to worse economic conditions are indeed somewhat less likely to marry. However, counter to theoretical expectations, we do not find evidence that economic standing is disconnected from non-marital fertility. Unmarried low-SES women exposed to worse economic conditions significantly reduce their fertility. Further, the relationship between recessionary conditions and non-marital fertility is of a similar magnitude to the relationship between marriage and economic conditions among low-SES women and the negative relationship between economic conditions and non-marital fertility among low-SES women is larger than the negative association between recessionary economic conditions and fertility among more advantaged women. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9639837741851808}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '47463', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ZNOAELHS3MUKILHXPPDRWBWCKOCPJESK', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:449e636f-54e3-482d-a997-ac65562387fb>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2020, 8, 12, 23, 48, 48), 'WARC-IP-Address': '69.163.148.240', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:G5OHLWBNZEEJZJBCKFI5PR7YQKY3XQSL', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:88b8ebae-dba0-4b6a-b5eb-49b3d4c969d1>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://irle.berkeley.edu/socio-economic-variation-in-the-effect-of-economic-conditions-on-marriage-and-non-marital-fertility-evidence-from-the-great-recession/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:68dda80d-35d6-4758-9e98-f74dea7568bb>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '256', 'url': 'https://irle.berkeley.edu/socio-economic-variation-in-the-effect-of-economic-conditions-on-marriage-and-non-marital-fertility-evidence-from-the-great-recession/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2020-34\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for August 2020\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-195.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.4180868864059448', 'original_id': '2fa2e3103bae7ff5f0c0e7d3e83c896fb96ff0fbc1644caf62070aadd74e6ba3'} |
Questions Remain on Egypt-Gaza Border Opening
The New York Times and other papers are today reporting the reopening of the Rafah border crossing between Gaza and Egypt. The opening is being presented as one of many changes of policy that will now be emerging in the post-Mubarak transition period in respect to internal and foreign affairs. Despite the fact that the volume of travelers has already increased dramatically, from only humanitarian cases, to children, men over the age of forty and women of all ages, questions still remain about how the border will operate.
As a result of the Rafah Agreement between the EU, Egypt and the Palestinian Authority in 2005 [the PA had control over Gaza at the time], the EU’s Border Assistance Mission effectively represented Israel’s interest in matters of Palestinian immigration at Rafah according to agreements which allows Israel to specify blacklisted persons and other issues. Though on the flip side, it arguably represents Palestinians as well, the Rafah agreement is pretty clear that EUBAM’s main job is to make sure that the PA abides by the agreement, and the body can exercise legitimate force to do so.
Shortly before the announcement of the opening was made, EUBAM also announced that its mission would be renewed at the border, presumably on the Palestinian side, a few days ago, although it can’t operate without permission of both Israel and the PA. How this new border opening will play out in light of recent agreements between Fatah and Hamas remains to be seen. EUBAM also has a long standing ban on operating under Hamas authority, which means that any activity on their part must be negotiated with the Fatah led PA. It’s not clear how the interim government agreement between Hamas and the PA will affect the Rafah crossing. It seems that the PA would again be obligated under the agreement. Earlier this month, Hamas seemed to acknowledge this reality by claiming that it would not oppose EUBAM’s operation at Rafah.
Thus, it seems, the opening of the border by Egypt belies a far more complicated border control dynamic than is being superficially written about. On the Palestinian side, there are a lot of factors going on, and no one seems to be mentioning them.
[I accidentally published an earlier version of this article a few minutes ago, which should be disregarded]. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'af5ad8985b6d6ae380eea0486eeecc0c3eed7a3d380d964ecc94fd4d60869194'} |
Cracked Columnists
6 Groundbreaking Ways Video Games Are Screwing Players
Virtual items are big business. Some people laugh at the idea of spending money for a bunch of numbers with no intrinsic value, which is weird, because money is a bunch of numbers with no intrinsic value. It's just that in the real world we need a medium to convert doing data entry into eating ramen, and in the virtual world we need to kill lich kings with flaming swords to forget about the first half of this sentence.
This guy got more hours out of more people than every other supervisor in existence.
You can't claim that physical existence confers real value in a world with The Big Bang Theory bobbleheads. The resulting virtual item sales are pure profit for the video game developers. When your manufacturing process is copy-paste, it's even easier than printing money, because the latter involves spending on raw materials like paper. The problem is in how hard developers chase this money. It's the easiest way to make money while ruining something enjoyable since King Midas tried eating chocolate coins. And some developers have found amazing ways to screw over their players.
#6. Dark Orbit -- Every Auction Bid Is Deducted
Dark Orbit is a 2D space combat game where you click on enemies, and that's the only gameplay element there is. Your only tactical consideration is whether you want to explode your enemies or not, and if you don't, you stop playing. Bowling has more tactical depth. Hell, bowling video games have more tactical depth, because at least they have options other than "click on pin to knock it down."
Bigpoint Games
It's exactly as exciting as this looks, as long as you remember that this is a frozen image that will never move.
Like all "free-to-play" games, you can swap real money for pretend money, which makes building a Trojan horse parking space look like a good investment. You really, really don't "need" this money to buy more equipment to blow up bigger enemies -- we've already seen how they directly sold the ability to win for $1,300 -- and until recently the game's auction system was the ultimate scam. Say you bid 2 million credits on a sweet Vengeance starship. You don't get it. You bid 5 million and get the high bid, but then someone outbids you. You can't see how much they bid so you try 10 million, but that's not enough, so you give up and just lost 17 million credits.
Jupiterimages/Comstock/Getty Images
A better investment, and actually less expensive. Really.
Every bid in the auction house was immediately removed from your credit balance, even if you didn't get the item. Even if you didn't get the high bid. The system made it possible to spend 100 million credits on nothing, or on an auction where you're the only bidder. You're alone in the dark throwing your time and money into an infinite void in the hope of beating other people you'll never know, making the shop a terribly accurate metaphor for the rest of the game.
Brand X Pictures/Brand X Pictures/Getty
Another accurate metaphor.
This system was recently removed, triggering a backlash from the players (which is proof that online gamers will complain about any change). If a video game developer removed tumors from players, they'd whine about nerfing their loss in weight and access to radiation powers.
#5. RuneScape -- Roulette Beats Playing
RuneScape is the world's largest free-to-play MMORPG, where "free to play" means "choosing between spending $5 or five hours on simulated chores." RuneScape is a better psychological control system than the Matrix and has worse physical effects on the users. Last year they introduced a new level of mind control in the Squeal of Fortune.
Jagex Games Studio
If your game can be improved by roulette, your game sucks. Roulette is less excitement than setting money on fire, and you get less value for your money because warmth is useful. It's how people say "I want to spend money without being involved in the outcome." All roulette should be Russian so we improve the species faster.
Barry Austin/Photodisc/Getty Images
"I would rather directly hand money to someone richer than myself than gain any experience from it."
Players get a free spin every day, but spins can't be saved -- the player has to log in daily. It's a more obvious behavior control mechanism than fitting someone with a bit and harness, and it's less fun for everyone involved. They get more spins for becoming a paid player, more again with a gold membership package, and more again for taking part in chosen game activities each week. When you have to bribe players into trying new game modes with gambling, they're not game modes, they're errands. The wheel is more levels of insane mind control than obeying the voice of a talking rat with electrodes in its skull.
Comstock/Comstock/Getty Images
"At least I'm not paying a subscription to be here."
Monsters in the real game drop spin tickets when defeated. So even if you're actually playing, slaughtering revenant orcs with a Promethium maul, they'll drop gambling tickets to remind you that even the developers think a slot machine is more fun. Players can directly buy tickets for the squeal, actively gambling real money on maybe getting pretend items for a game they'd apparently rather spend money on than play. It not only works, it works so well that Jagex had to institute limits on how many tickets anyone could buy during the week. Obviously they don't want anyone going crazy with it, which is why players are limited to a sensible $500 a week on goblin raffles.
#4. Star Trek Online -- Lock Box Keys
Cryptic Studios
Cryptic Studios
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| dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '542', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9563352465629578}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '87236', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:KY2CZLQ5UFULXEIMAGLF45R5GUN3P47V', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c1711b7a-29d9-43b6-8d3d-d3155ef95d22>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 3, 10, 17, 5, 3), 'WARC-IP-Address': '72.21.91.19', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:RYOLFUWIRSHLFJROFBK6UZWAFBJ4NGYQ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:76a86db6-14b8-44d6-aa83-d743b3560ac4>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.cracked.com/blog/6-groundbreaking-ways-video-games-are-screwing-players/?wa_user1=3&wa_user2=Video+Games&wa_user3=blog&wa_user4=recommended', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:bc72356a-1e2b-4702-8fa4-20117de77656>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '1308', 'url': 'http://www.cracked.com/blog/6-groundbreaking-ways-video-games-are-screwing-players/?wa_user1=3&wa_user2=Video+Games&wa_user3=blog&wa_user4=recommended', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-10\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for March 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.6608392596244812', 'original_id': 'a34b6b8b331e05011f4f6827bc0f53c5bc02257502e659e94b63a6048576bafc'} |
Q:
How to know how much interest paid per payment in a fixed tenor personal loan
I recently took up a personal loan. I do not have any financial background and I do not have any issue paying the loan but I am just curious on how they come out with some numbers.
To be precise, the loan in question is Standard Chartered CashOne Loan which you can follow the link for more details. To be honest it's not the best loan in town but I wasn't that wise at that time when choosing up a loan package. My bad.
Anyway, here are the numbers I have in the agreement letter I received last year:
Loan Amount: $9,800
Loan Period: 36 months
Actual Applied Rate: 7.5% per annum
Effective Interest Rate: 13.69% per annum
One time processing fee: $199 (So they actually reimbursed me $9,601)
Monthly instalment: $333.47
So follow these facts, I can deduce the following numbers:
Total Interest = $9,800 * 0.075 * 3 = $2,205
Hence, Total Payable = $9,800 + $2,205 = $12,005
So if I divide $12,005 by 36 months, I get $333.47 monthly payable.
So now, what I don't understand is, how do they calculate how much money is paid to the interest, and how much money is paid to the principal when I dump the $333.47 to the bank every month? What's the formula to this thing?
To illustrate this, look at the table below:
Month # Loan Balance Interest Principal Repayment
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 $9,800.00 $111.81 $221.66 $333.47
2 $9,578.34 $109.28 $224.19 $333.47
3 $9,354.15 $106.72 $226.75 $333.47
4 $9,127.40 $104.14 $229.34 $333.47
5 $8,898.06 $101.52 $231.95 $333.47
6 $8,666.11 $98.87 $234.60 $333.47
.......
.......
34 $978.02 $11.16 $322.31 $333.47
35 $655.71 $7.48 $325.99 $333.47
36 $329.71 $3.76 $329.71 $333.47
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $2,205.00 $9,800.00 $12,005.00
Following the advertised table on their CashOne website, I noticed the interest column is calculated based on the remaining loan balance x a number. This number is fixed throughout the 36 months, and hence I roughly (stupidly using excel) hand calculated it to be 0.01140924.
For example, for month #2, $9,578.34 * 0.01140924 = $109.28 and vice versa.
Question is, what is this number 0.01140924 and how do I get it from a formula? I believe it's a simple mathematical equation.
In addition, how does one come out with the EIR as 13.69% pa? How do you obtain it via a formula? Is this something the bank decided or is it calculated based on the loan amount and tenor I chose?
I googled that EIR = (1 + i/n)^n - 1 but it doesn't seem to apply here? What am I missing here? I believe it's just some simple calculation but I can't seem to reach it.
Thanks!
Edit
If you are interested, here is the link to the excel sheet I managed to come out with, with all the calculations there. You can copy it for your own if you need to.
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1JraULJMtPg81wiLqZKhFqo-Gs8efNgnwJLt73rfnAzc/edit?usp=sharing
A:
Question is, what is this number 0.01140924
13.69/12=0.01140924
In addition, how does one come out with the EIR as 13.69% pa?
When calculating payments, PV = 9800, N=36 (months), PMT=333.47, results in a rate of 1.140924% per period, and rate of 13.69%/yr.
No idea how they claim 7.5%
In Excel, type
=RATE(36,333.47,-9800,0,0)
And you will get 1.141% as the result.
36 = #payments, 333.47 = payment per period, -9800 is the principal (negative, remember this) And the zeros are to say the payments are month end, second zero is the guess.
Edit - I saw the loan is from a Singapore bank. It appears they have different rules on the rates they quote. As quid's answer showed the math, here's the bank's offer page -
The EIR is the rate that we, not just US, but most board members, are used to. I thought I'd offer an example using a 30 year mortgage.
Yo can see above, a 6% fixed rate somehow morphs into a 3.86% AR. No offense to the Singapore bankers, but I see little value in this number. What surprises me most, is that I've not seen this before.
What's baffling is when I change a 15yr term the AP drops to less than half. It's still a 6% loan and there's nothing about it that's 2 percent-ish, in my opinion.
Now we know.
A:
The "Actual Applied Rate" of 7.5% is the total amount of interest charged over the life of the loan, $2,204.82, divided by the loan amount divided by three years.
$2,204 / $9,800 = 22.5%
22.5% / 3 Years = 7.5%
This amount is lower than the actual interest rate of 13.69% because interest charges are based on loan principle which reduces over the life of the loan.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'dc88573374856f4d5fb2aac06cc9368f71691131883782141995ec5614074d3f'} |
Q:
LINQ to SQL eager loading with conditions
I'm trying to learn LINQ to SQL and i've found out about the LoadWith function. All the examples i've found will load all records from the table you specify in the LoadWith function e.g.
var dlo = new DataLoadOptions();
dlo.LoadWith<Blog>(b => b.Posts);
this.LoadOptions = dlo;
What I would like to know is if it's possible to load in this example only the last blog post?
I've tried
dlo.LoadWith<Blog>(b => b.Posts.Max());
But it doesn't like that syntax.
A:
You can do it using AssociateWith. This will work:
var options = new DataLoadOptions();
options.AssociateWith<Blog>(b =>
b.Posts.Where(
p1 => p1.SomeColumn == b.Posts.Max(p2 => p2. SomeColumn)
));
Also, if you will be loading the info into a separate class or can use an anonymous one you can just do the query as:
var query = from b in context.Blogs
//probably some where you already have
select new MyBlogs // or with no type in case it is anonymous
{
AColumn = b.AColumn, //map any other values
LatestPost = b.Posts.Where(
p1 => p1.SomeColumn == b.Posts.Max(p2 => p2. SomeColumn)
)).ToList()
}
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '64dd0006430298f93c52c0ced9edc1bb6ea8454e18671ee00b8211f004609f46'} |
ocr free
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Video instructions and help with filling out and completing ocr free
Is Tesseract OCR free?
Yes Tesseract OCR is free to use. However as it is just an engine you need an GUI (graphical user interface) to use it. Fortunately there are a number of interfaces can run Tesseract. For free options consider OCRFeeder s . For paid options Grooper ocr software s is one option.
Is Google OCR free?
Google Drive provides a quick and easy way to convert image and PDF files into editable for free using its built-in OCR featue
What are some available free OCR APIs for scanning receipts?
The Nanonets free online OCR API s allows you to extract from -pdf-files and documents accurately at scale and in multiple languages. Most OCR APIs today just do a blind data dump of the unstructured data in -pdf-files OCR that presents extracted & data in neatly structured & organized formats that are entirely customizable. Captured data can be presented as tables line items or any other format. Here are 3 ways s PDFs and other document s.
Are there any free OCR for indic languages (telugu)?
This is one. rakeshvar s nBased on Deep Learning. Developed at paper exs the details. Page on nItes pre-trained. nAuthor previously worked on Tesseract and decided to write his own from scratch. nIt can be improved with respect to letters like uc2auc38 uc37 etc. that tend to get stuck. Also it seems like uc15uc4duc37 was not trained for!
What are some available free OCR APIs (iOS/Android/REST) for scanning receipts?
Thanks for A2A. There aren't any good receipt scanners that are free. But there are severalprehensive solutions available that are extremely accurate and high performing. You did not mention if you wanted line item extraction or only key field extraction (date amount merchant name etc)? The solution for both are different. In fact from my experience the solutions are very different for US and EU receipts as well. Europe has lesser chains of restaurants etc and more single shop establishments. Plus the VAT rules vary quite a bit. Is your focus US or international geography? A lot of answers have mentioned good range of options. Let me add one more to the list. Particularly if you are looking for European receipts then I would encourage you to look at this and request for trial Enterprise Machine Intelligence | I hope this helps!
What are some free OCR applications for the iPhone?
OCR application for scanning what? Document business card or something else? As I know there is a free business card reader called ScanCard which you can searched on google play. It is able to scan the business cards and extract any fields on the card such as namepany name job title telephone number fax email address. It can also automatically add the information into mobile phones' address book. About the recognition speed it will take about .6 seconds to scan a business card. The recognition accuracy can reach 98%.
Is there's any pure Java ocr library and free?
Yes I have heard about Java Tesseract library. This offers some help. Using Tesseract from java
Which free OCR software can read a handwriting?
SimpleOCR is free and capable of reading handwritten files it is for Windows. Here is a list of its main features OCR scans PDF and s 417 7 If you are looking for more free OCR software you can refer to this list 1 Best Free OCR Software for 22 (1% Free and Offline) s | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '4', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9274404644966124}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '56066', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:RF7SJL3LIKS64XN2HYVQJVEYQ2MAANII', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:5e83b82f-2482-4557-a3cc-7e6b78084ec0>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 24, 11, 28, 38), 'WARC-IP-Address': '34.206.169.173', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:EKDVGO3CU2BTSKXDC3IJ25O7IQDZ2JXF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:05899d45-c64f-419a-839e-b44d23af18c8>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://ocr-pdf.com/9018013-ocr-free', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:ef5788f2-cd5d-4b3b-89c7-4f4b7c00359d>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '595', 'url': 'https://ocr-pdf.com/9018013-ocr-free', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-204\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.020530283451080322', 'original_id': '43e7e72844deaa254f0404ba50f280b430ea646cd31d834d79876cc263b507cc'} |
Electronic devices such as cellular phones, calculators, and directional aids which may be used by an automobile driver, and which are not part of the original equipment of the vehicle, need to be mounted within arm's reach. Various types of stands and brackets are currently available for that purpose. These stands or brackets are usually attached to the dashboard, on the central console spanning the drive shaft tunnel, on the floor of the vehicle, or on a seat anchoring bracket. Because those electronic devices are prime targets for thieves, they must be removed from their stand and hidden away in the glove compartment, under one of the seats, or carried away by the automobile owner when the vehicle is left unattended. The presence of an empty stand is a telltale sign that the coveted device might be present somewhere in the vehicle.
The present invention results from efforts to provide a way of concealing both the device and the stand when the vehicle is left unattended. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'a79499e5c8f230e2aca8681a466a4747f9d4741713b0903a08ae33bc3ec7ea7b'} |
Arrhythmias and Other Electrophysiology Issues in Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy or Radiation.
Enhanced understanding of cancer biology has significantly increased treatment options and dramatically improved outcomes for patients with malignancies. Despite these advances, many therapies have cardiovascular toxicities which can affect morbidity and mortality independent of the oncologic prognosis. Arrhythmias and other electrophysiology issues are increasingly identified as common complications of cancer therapy. Atrial fibrillation and other supraventricular arrhythmias are frequently observed in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, often due to their effects on intracellular signaling pathways. Similarly, many oncologic pharmaceuticals can lead to QT prolongation and possible ventricular arrhythmias including torsades do pointes. Management of these arrhythmias can be challenging as typical treatment strategies may not be feasible in cancer patients. Finally, a proportion of individuals with cancer will present with an implantable cardiac device (pacemaker or defibrillator) which poses unique challenges should radiation be necessary in the region of the device. Given the frequency of electrophysiology complications in cancer patients, it is essential for cardio-oncologists to possess knowledge of these issues in order to provide optimal care. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'a28c5a598bfb7f0c33bf8c21726532e3abd8c00daa702015257e4d5c215b8e40'} |
O&O Defrag 22 Product manual
O&O Defrag 22
US$ 29.95
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O&O Defrag was designed to fit the needs of almost any user. The default settings for O&O Defrag are already optimally configured for most computers. The choice of options in the QuickStart dialogue covers the most common user scenarios. This means your computer can continue performing at its very best without your having to make any special settings.
• The QuickStart wizard can be started in the Ribbon Bar on the left side of the program window.
Open QuickStart wizard
Open QuickStart wizard
If you're using the default settings, click OK to apply the changes.
O&O Defrag QuickStart
O&O Defrag QuickStart
Schedule automated defragmentation
Automatically optimize hard disks in the background
All modified and newly added files are checked during the automated defragmentation. Newly fragmented files will be automatically defragmented once they are no longer being accessed. This will ensure that your system is being constantly kept at its highest level of performance, and effectively prevent any additional fragmentation. The various zones of a drive will also be taken into consideration, when this option is enabled.
Optimize when computer is not in use (when screensaver is active
The defragmentation always starts whenever your screen saver is on. For example, when you are out for lunch or away from your computer. Defragmentation will be cancelled whenever you’re working on your computer, and will continue once the screen saver comes on again.
Defragment drives at a specified time
Here you can specify whether defragmentation should recur automatically. The next defragmentation will then start by itself without you’re having to start it manually.
Additional automatic optimizations
For the first time, O&O Defrag enables you to optimize all makes of SSD drives. Using regularly scheduled ATA TRIM commands, an SSD will be kept informed of those hard disk areas that are available for new data. Instead of continuing to save the contents of data that’s no longer needed, the SSD can now use those freed areas for a drive-internal optimization of its data management. As a result, the SSD is able to process accesses significantly faster, and wear out on flash chips is kept to a minimum.
Perform additional optimization steps after defragmentation | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8920416831970215}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '30147', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:RVCYGU4ZRDQG4FCYVPRV55UJCYTWXGG4', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:274ca01f-d650-4ffc-8552-6a69ed3848df>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 3, 19, 14, 39, 11), 'WARC-IP-Address': '5.35.253.237', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:WX4CTHKK6KRQYBZZPRZCV6H3YURPM64S', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:967f4e24-8aea-4bfb-86b5-c3f1b7fbb414>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://docs.oo-software.com/en/oodefrag-22/getting-started-ood22/quickstart-ood22', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:710dbcda-455a-4746-a727-d038cca99c5c>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '370', 'url': 'https://docs.oo-software.com/en/oodefrag-22/getting-started-ood22/quickstart-ood22', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-13\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for March 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-33-242-24.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02494966983795166', 'original_id': '20c4ca9dbd9c4de6e3a0e90dcf0aba6823bf4664b67c091b65d3e1dc0af248a5'} |
Q:
How to take N bits from a UInt8 variable in Swift?
I'm trying to implement a Base32 decoding for an app as I teach myself Swift, but I cannot seem to figure out how to go below the byte level in this language. It would be convenient if I could truncate a UInt8 into 5 bits and append that to a Data object which I could then work with.
I have this function written in Python:
def base32_decode(secret):
b32alphabet = list("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567")
b32v = [b32alphabet.index(x) for x in secret if x != '=']
t1 = ["{0:0>5}".format(bin(v)[2:]) for v in b32v]
t2 = ''.join(t1)
t3 = textwrap.wrap(t2,8)
t4 = [int(v, 2) for v in t3 if len(v) == 8]
t5 = ''.join(["{0:0>2}".format(hex(v)[2:]) for v in t4])
Which works to output the hex representation of the data in base32. I wanted to replicate this in Swift (although not the converting to hex part). However, I got this far:
func base32decode(string: String) -> Data
{
let b32a: Array = ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7"]
let complete: NSMutableData = NSMutableData()
var b32v: Array<UInt8> = []
for c in string.characters
{
let index = b32a.index(of: String(c))!
b32v.append(UInt8(index)) // Need to append only the 5 LSB
}
// Return b32v as base 32 decoded data
...
Is there an easy way to do this? I can't find anything through Google.
A:
Swift has bit manipulation operators (|, &, <<, >>) which
can be used to extract portions of a byte (and whether that is
"an easy way" or not is certainly opinion-based).
Your Python code apparently creates a string of all binary digits first,
which is then partitioned into portions of 8 bits and converted to
hexadecimal values.
The following is a possible implementation which does not use
an intermediate string. Instead the decoded bits are accumulated
in an integer, and as soon as 8 bits are collected, these are
appended to the result array.
func base32decode(string: String) -> Data {
let b32a = Array("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567".characters)
var b32v: [UInt8] = []
var accum = 0
var bits = 0 // # of valid bits in `accum`
for c in string.characters {
if let index = b32a.index(of: c) {
accum = (accum << 5) | index
bits += 5
if bits >= 8 {
b32v.append(UInt8(truncatingBitPattern: accum >> (bits - 8)))
bits -= 8
}
}
}
return Data(bytes: b32v)
}
Example:
print(base32decode(string: "JBSWY3DPEB3W64TMMQQQ") as NSData)
// <48656c6c 6f20776f 726c6421>
(which is "Hello World!").
The interesting parts in that function are
accum = (accum << 5) | index
which moves all bits in accum by 5 positions to the left and
sets the lowest 5 bits to index, and
b32v.append(UInt8(truncatingBitPattern: accum >> (bits - 8)))
which appends the left-most 8 valid bits in accum to the array.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': '16075e4b4451369a5c01c9c55d915cf53de948eb8402c1725740e6f364a301d3'} |
Fuck your workout plan
I’m not a hater. (in general, when someone starts a blog entry with that statement, some hate is about to be spewed)
But I can’t stand people who post about working out or being healthy all the time.
I understand why they do it. It’s because it takes a certain level of dedication of your life to attain health and workout goals. If you want to go from a fat lazy bum to a toned, sexy mofo, you gotta dedicate a pretty big chunk of your life to getting and staying in shape.
So maybe I can’t relate that well, because I been skinny and I been sexy and I ain’t done a damn thing to get there.
But lemme tell you this. I ain’t ignant. I done known how to stay healthy and how calories, fats, vitamins, proteins, etc. contribute to your body for a long time. I took nutrition Freshman year of college. I’ve been reading articles online for years.
So I’ve understood HOW to be healthy longer than a lot of people, and I often shared my knowledge when people asked, but I don’t go about lecturing people about it. Granted, I’m not saying everyone who’s into the workout lifestyle is also into lecturing people.
The only way I can relate to these people is by comparing some other activities that are a big part of my life. I play video games like 5 times a week. Probably as much as people work out.
Now what if I just posted pictures of video game shit all the time. Would I look like a giant video game nerd and would I get judged by a lot of people? Hell yea I would. But you know there are some nerds out there who just don’t give a damn and post all the gaming news and gaming stuff that they see. It’s a little off-putting cause it’s like “Damn I know you like video games but is that all you can talk about?”
But posting about something you’re passionate about is a little less douchey when it’s not narcissistic. For instance, I enjoy people’s posts on new studies showing the best work out foods or the best exercises. I don’t enjoy people’s posts on what healthy foods they’re eating or what exercises they’re doing or what they’re doing to stay motivated or just pictures of their muscle progress. Shiet what if I uploaded a picture of every level I got to in a new video game? Uninteresting as hell.
Unlike video game nerds, no one hates on these people, because working out and staying healthy is generally viewed as a good thing whereas video games are looked at as a bad thing.
That said, I know you like your muscles, but is that all you can talk about? Cause I don’t give a damn about how you got your muscles or how you got skinny or how nice your abs look.
I really can’t re-read this post without seeing myself come off as a total hater, but it has to be said. Maybe it’s my fault for following these people, but even when I’m creepin on random people’s profiles there are always the gym freaks with their daily workout pictures. I’m on Instagram to look at cute animals, food, and inappropriate selfies of scantily clad girls, not to be guilt tripped by people who have just recently learned about health and nutrition.
Closing statement: Your health passions bore everyone except for other meatheads.
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| dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '1', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9619749188423156}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '17596', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:KQWYC6IMP2Y3ZVNJNGEGUFP6JZHEYBWF', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:0e14cf23-cfbf-4d66-944d-cca7e592ffde>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 19, 2, 58, 37), 'WARC-IP-Address': '173.236.79.234', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:6WECCXEEVWYUGC73GE6UMFEEGVU6AHX7', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d44143ca-ee08-48e9-823a-1642af74f184>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.vietiscool.com/?p=280', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:828cf8e1-fde8-4266-a2e0-e63b51f7a041>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '603', 'url': 'http://www.vietiscool.com/?p=280', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-18\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-93-200-49.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04101824760437012', 'original_id': '0805a71225f2b6c6b40ab495e073d1fdf7e5a4b89584b650b5a8440a1c2a7a4c'} |
Future of Lean: is robotic motion/transportation waste? | Christian Hohmann
Christian Hohmann
“Motion and transportation count among the 7 basic muda or wastes, that should be eliminated or at least reduced to their bare minimum in order to be leaner.
Now, with the probable rise of robotics, will robotic motion (and transportation) still be considered a waste?”
Sourced through Chris Hohmann’s blog
Michel Baudin‘s comments: It’s a valid question, but one that should be asked about handling and transportation automation in general, not just robots. It is also one that is not properly answered with the simplistic theory of value and waste that has been reiterated in the English-language literature on Lean for 20 years.
Robots are attention grabbers. On a factory floor, they are highly visible, and their motions are fascinating to watch but it shouldn’t distract us from other devices like Automatic Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS), Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGVs), or self-driving trucks, and the control and sensing technology that enables these devices.
As pointed out in earlier posts on muda, not all motion and transportation is waste, only unnecessary motion and unnecessary transportation. It is, strictly speaking, the meaning of the original Japanese list of 7 waste categories, and the exact translation of muda is unnecessary. It is absurd to consider that moving a screw from a bin to a hole is waste; on the other hand, walking back and forth 6 feet to do it is. Transporting finished goods from Final Assembly to Shipping is not waste, but taking WIP back and forth to a warehouse between every two operations is.
Clearly, whether a task is done by a human or a machine, unnecessary means unnecessary. Let’s say you are using a gantry robot to pick documents from 6 bins and place them in a box containing an electronic product. It is a necessary operation. If you place the 3 document bins on each side of the box instead of all 6 on the same side, you cut in half the robot’s travel distance, which may reduce the total operation time by, say, 20%. If the document packs are custom for each piece, you may further reduce the robot’s travel time by locating the most frequently picked documents closest to the box.
While motion is from bin to workpiece or from one station to the next inside a line, transportation is between warehouses and lines or between lines inside a plant, as well as between plants, consolidation and distribution centers, and customers within a supply chain. Within a plant, the main issue is the number of transportation steps rather than their lengths.
Within a plant, the main issue is the number of transportation steps rather than their lengths. Each step requires materials preparation, loading, and unloading, all of which consume more resources than the actual movement from A to B. It does not make much difference whether A and B are 50 or 500ft apart. Improvements come from eliminating transportation steps rather than shortening them, and it involves collocating machines and integrating them into flow lines. It’s not about the technology you use for in-plant transportation. If, however, you reduce the number of transportation steps inside the plant by 80%, it has an impact on the economic justification of automated transportation.
In the supply chain, on the other hand, it’s distance that matters but improvements come more from the way you structure it than from the level of automation you use. Self-driving trucks will not do much to improve performance in a badly designed supply chain. If you rely on 3rd parties for transportation, then the choice is theirs. If you use your own trucks and drivers, you may use the drivers to validate the shipments in some fashion when they pick them up at suppliers, which won’t be done by self-driving trucks.
Strictly speaking, in everyday life as well as in production, an activity is waste if and only if nothing gets worse when you stop doing it. In production, if you stop doing X and quality does not suffer, costs don’t go up, deliveries are not affected, nobody gets hurt, and morale is not degraded, then X is waste. This is observable. You can measure it, and backtrack if you realize that X was actually useful.
The theory of value based on customers willingness to pay sounds good until you try to unpack its logic. Sales reps know what customers are willing to pay but, in a shopfloor situation, you are many layers away from these customers. But what about “internal customers?” This means the next operation. “The next operation is your customer” is a metaphor from Total Quality Control that does not apply here. The next operation doesn’t pay you and therefore you have no way to assess its willingness to pay.
Since willingness to pay is not applicable here, the fallback is to declare that only activities that physically transform the product add value. Everything else, from posting up-to-date instructions to delivering parts to the line is “waste.” The many such activities that are necessary are then called “necessary waste,” an oxymoron when you consider that “waste” here is used as the translation of the Japanese word for “unnecessary.” What is the effect of branding necessary support activities as waste? Offending and demoralizing the employees who carry them out.
The developers of TPS did not back it up with a good theory. As Georges Matheron put it “nothing is as practical as a good theory.” It would be particularly useful when deploying something like TPS outside of its original context. Developing a good theory, however, is an intellectual challenge. What the Lean community has come up with so far is not it.
Here are a few earlier posts on these topics:
#Lean, #MaterialsHandling, #Automation, #Autonomation, #Jidoka, #TPS, #Industry4.0, #Transportation | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '6', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9477362632751464}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '53523', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:BPI5D3KIAMSA3WO4YFPPKOETRT5Y7ZJO', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:02a91c1a-e129-40b9-8b08-c715375191dc>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 25, 12, 11, 33), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.71.233.17', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:GSTPCYK2IOPNOEOBCAAU62RTGQFUITMN', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:a0504480-ec76-4fe1-baa5-f5ab39b10afc>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://michelbaudin.com/2017/06/13/future-of-lean-is-robotic-motiontransportation-waste-christian-hohmann/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:87d0decd-2335-4669-87a5-4f7124289046>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '944', 'url': 'https://michelbaudin.com/2017/06/13/future-of-lean-is-robotic-motiontransportation-waste-christian-hohmann/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-146-226-231.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.15346568822860718', 'original_id': 'a3c084a91d13d5841ac1c9be7969657095a6f26b01dc5626d1b9fea2802e4546'} |
Looking back in time with MeerKAT
2011-04-06 14:40
Cape Town - One of the first primary investigators is looking forward to getting first crack at working on the MeerKAT (Karoo Array Telescope) once it's commissioned.
"The SKA [Square Kilometre Array] would be excellent, but MeerKAT would be brilliant in itself. It would be the most sensitive radio interferometer in the southern hemisphere," astronomer Dr Sarah Blyth told News24.
Blythe will, with Dr Andrew Baker of Rutgers University and Dr Benne Holwerda of the European Space Agency, lead a team of 56 to study the prevalence of neutral Hydrogen in the universe. Their research hopes to explain the decline in star formation in galaxies.
The MeerKAT was originally proposed as a test-bed for South Africa's bid to host the SKA, but researchers soon noted that it would be an effective instrument in itself.
Cosmology models
It will consist of 64 linked radio telescopes near Carnarvon in the Northern Cape province. Currently, seven telescopes have been built as engineers refine the design and technology to drive the industrial roll-out of the instrument.
Science and technology minister Naledi Pandor has referred to it as "our grand challenge" and the area has been designated a radio reserve by the Astronomy Geographic Advantage Act of 2007 which prohibits any activity that may impact on the quality of the observatory.
Blythe and the team are planning to look further back in time than the current record of three billion years to refine cosmology models and compliment existing science.
"We want to measure the neutral hydrogen in galaxies at high redshift, because stars are made of hydrogen. We have more elliptical galaxies today than in the past, and it's linked to how much gas there is in the galaxies.
"Earlier in the universe, the star formation rate was much higher," Blyth said.
On Earth, hydrogen is usually found in molecular form, but in space, it is found both in this form and as single atoms. This atomic form of hydrogen emits the radio waves they hope to measure with the MeerKAT, Blyth explained.
Her study, though, will require lots of time because the galaxies are so far away.
"We'll stare at one patch of sky for about 4 000 hours. It's called the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South and there are two parts to the survey.
We'll observe some galaxies and compare that to all the other data we have, and on the other side, there'll be galaxies we don't see, but know are there. We'll take all those galaxies and put their signal together and get an average amount of Hydrogen in galaxies," Blyth said.
The Extended Chandra Deep Field-South is a patch of sky about the size of the quarter moon when observed from earth.
Blythe had some concerns about how the massive amount of data would be processed, but added that she was certain the engineers have planned for the maintenance of data management tools.
"The amount of data flowing through the SKA will be 250 times the total information flowing through the internet today. It will push the boundaries of computing and on the storage of data. The SKA will collect more data in a week than human kind has collected in its entire history," said SA SKA project director Dr Bernie Fanaroff.
The MeerKAT is slated to be ready by 2016, and Blythe said the most surprising thing in the survey would be to discover something that contravenes current thinking about Hydrogen in the universe.
"If we measure no difference going back in time, that would be weird."
- Follow Duncan on Twitter
• Duke - 2011-04-06 15:48
Ag no man. Isn't all the answers in the Bible, Koran etc. What a waster of money. - 2011-04-06 17:51
• capetonian - 2011-04-06 17:10
Isn't it fascinating! Mr. motor mouth Malema makes some highly controversial statement that stretches his "intellect" and literally hundreds of comments pour in. Here we have some of the most interesting research into the developement of the Universe (on home soil nogal) and there is one silly statement by Duke! Or was it a tongue-in-cheek comment... pray tell, pal...
stephen scott - 2011-04-07 10:47
it must be tongue in cheek, nobody is that stupid, saying that I'm working beside, a number of people who are more interested in whats in the Bible to what's going on in the real world, they are waitng for Jesus to come back and save them, seriously.
• - 2011-04-06 17:53
I am proud to live in the country that may host the SKA. And to see the new circuitry being built to support the MeerKat project is awesome. I do hope we get the final project.
• A Fan - 2011-04-09 10:59
"... and compliment existing science." What sort of compliments? 'Well done'? 'Nice job'? 'What have you done to your hair? You look ravishing...'? Can't we also broaden the area designated as a radio reserve to encompass the whole Karoo, and so stop Shell's fracking plans? 'Cos drilling and subsistence sinkholes are sure as nuts going to throw off your sensitive recording equipment. If you're staring at a patch of sky for 4'000 hours, won't a tiny tremor caused by a drill be the equivalent of your telescope blinking? In any case, well done Sarah! Sorry, DOCTOR Sarah Blythe. ;)
• markings - 2011-04-11 17:24
Brilliant, but when will they start these observations? Only in 2016 when MeerkAT is finished, or earlier?
• Voidy - 2011-04-15 11:30
The sad thing is that this government will flaunt this achievement as their own idea.
• pages:
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Good morning my country.
I have marveled at the consistency of nature. The sun rises in the morning and sets in the evening, season’s struggle to give us symmetry against all odds, the tides turns and the earth faithfully spins on its axis. There is a comfort in the planet we inhabit and often abuse…there is a sense of belonging. Everything is predictable, even with the human race. They never fail to show their bias and dominance and will always choose confrontation over harmony and dialogue. It is in our nature to dominate or avoid domination. We hide behind masks of civility and education hoping against hope that when unmasked, we can melt into a sea of unpalatable justification.
I am rather shocked at the sheer level of intolerance. I am a product of a mixed marriage and my family gene pool is mixed and varied. I am proud to be an army brat (we called ourselves that to nullify the pain and insecurity we felt when our parents were out defending our borders). We had no bias and no one asked if our fathers belonged to a majority or minority. We were Indians and that was undeniable. We were educated in different schools and colleges all over the country, struggling to make new friends and be accepted into different peer groups. But were we pliable little doozies with no opinion? Most certainly not! We questioned, argued, had different points of view, but we always had a dialogue. We spoke and listened. We didn’t always agree but we never foisted our opinions with force or otherwise…that is the India we grew up in.
Then why am I so afraid now? Afraid of what my country is metamorphosing into and so afraid of my countrymen. I am a performing artiste, public speaker, writer and columnist. Does that make me ‘the press’? If I don’t toe the line and have a different view point will I be given an abhorrent label? If there is a cacophony all over the civilized world, why won’t somebody listen to our children? Why are they beaten, bruised, arrested and disregarded? If it ‘true’ that they are misguided and incited by so called ‘vested’ interests, then where is the voice of sanity? Why must they be beaten into submission? Must all voices of dissension be decimated? Haven’t we learned anything from history?
Bangalore was a relatively peaceful cantonment town which was dominated by the Armed Forces. We manufactured defense equipment and aircrafts. My father was the founder/director of one such establishment. We were a mixed bag of people of different religions and ideas and we were never subjected to the ‘insider’ or ‘outsider’ propaganda. As a new democracy, no one either questioned our credentials or loyalty. My parents, and many of my friends parents I’m sure, lost a lot when our country was divided. But, even as a child I have never heard any simmering discontent. They were large-hearted people who went about re-building their country with courage and conviction. Perhaps we always lived in a secure bubble in ‘namma ooru’. We believed in harmony and co-existence.
So my heart burst with pride when our own home grown girl Deepika Padukone stood silently in solidarity with the students of JNU. Didn’t she know the repercussions especially before the release of her movie where she is also the producer? Of course! She knew she would be mercilessly trolled and threatened with a totally un-constitutional ban of her movie. But she didn’t care now did she?
History tells us that there are a couple of warning signs when governments turn fascist. Some of them are:
1. A disdain for Intellectuals, Centre’s of Education and the Arts.
2. Religion and Government are intertwined.
3. Powerful and continuing nationalism (constantly making use of slogans, symbols, mottos etc)
4. Disdain for Human Rights.
5. Controlled Mass Media.
If any of these signs resonate…then speak up.
Hanukkah – Festival of Lights @The Den Hotel, Whitefield, Bengaluru.
Hanukkah is celebrated by lighting candles for 8 days in a unique Diya with 8 wicks, called Hanukkiyah.
The lighting on the 8th and last day of the “Festival of Lights” was followed by a cocktail dinner and an Israeli movie “Zero Motivation” at The Den” Hotel, Whitefield, Bengaluru on 29th December 2019 by Ms. Dana Kursh, Consul General of Israel to South India.
The Times Food and Nightlife Awards 2020
A starry starry night! Giving away the award for the best newcomer Pan Asian restaurant Bo tai and best newcomer vegetarian Street Storyss at the prestigious Times Food Guide Awards. It was wonderful meeting up with the glitterati and fliterati…old friends and new and I was quite chuffed that I was called upon to give the award to Bo-tai. Rekha Ghosh their diminutive VP operations was fervently wishing that it would be me to give her the well deserved plaque. Well wishes were horses tonight!!
Cheers Mate!
We traveled across time…across continents…
From the Old World of Europe….to the New World of Australia…
As we discovered Old World varietals grown in a New World terroir…
We discovered Clovely Wines from Queensland, Australia along with Aaron Stephan, Clovely’s export manager…
The Bangalore Wine Club evening that started at the contemporary and vibrant Hype @ The Shangri la Hotel, Bangalore…
We sauntered down to Caprese Al Fresco….to the aroma of freshly prepared risotto…interacted with Chef Lorenzo Stelzar from Trento, Italy, our Chef for the evening…
We stepped into the elegant Caprese…a world of fine dining…graciousness…
As we allowed ourselves to gently blend into these two worlds…
Australian Wines….Italian Cuisine…
Cheers Mate!
Under the Tuscan Moon @The Oberoi, Bangalore
The Oberoi, Bengaluru had La Cave present the legendary Ferruccio Ferragamo, Il Borro Estate from Tuscany. The Asia Pacific Brand Head, Dario Muliino unveiled three spectacular wines this evening, complemented wit a gourmet grazing menu and vibrant live music. It was an experience that made one feel over the moon!
Sunday Brunch @The Ritz-Carlton, Bangalore
The Ritz-Carlton, Bangalore, has really upped its ante at the Sunday brunches at their all day diner, The Market. Imi and I trotted over to have brunch on a dry day Sunday (it rhymes!) and we were relieved to do a detox Sunday brunch even though they have a formidable choices of fresh liquor infused cocktails! This gave us ample opportunity to taste, smell and devour their vast selection on the menu.
It was great catching up with the very charming Hotel Manager, Tusch Daroga who regaled us with stories of his sojourns in many cities as well his total passion for food. As a fellow food sybarite, I was all ears. The lovely Upasna Madan, PR extraordinaire was a very integral part of the foodie foursome with her familiarity of the extensive menu that The Market had to offer.
The USP of the ‘new’ menu at The Market is quite brilliant in its simplicity! Not only do they include all the dishes from their different restaurants they have an evolving menu that changes every week for 5 weeks. So, instead of getting stodgy sauces simmering for hours on the fire, one can order from the menu and have it served fresh from pan to plate. A sit down experience with buffet prices!
Of course, the eye boggling array of salads, dimsums, chat counters and tava dishes abound for the eye to savour as well, but all other dishes usually available in the buffet are prepared fresh by their chefs and brought to ones table eliminating the frequent trips to the buffet zone.
I had a in depth conversation with their new executive sous chef Dawa Lama, and their Jordanian pastry chef Hamzh Al Durdangi. Both Hamzh and Dawa were a delight to talk to what with Chef Dawa and me connecting with our eastern roots which resulted in a portion of streaming succulent Tangda Pork being brought straight to my table! Tangda is a legendary area in Kolkata where the Cantonese Chinese settled to escape persecution in their home country and happily for us, now boasts of the best Cantonese Chinese food in India!
Hamzh is a jewel! His tables laden with ‘sweet nothings’from all over the world whispered in my ear for sure! His simple and light carrot cake layered with nuts served with a berry compote just blew me away.
As they rightly say; The proof is in the pudding…I am definitely going back for more of that pudding!
Peshwa Pavallion @ITC Maratha Mumbai
What a fabulous lunch at ITC Maratha Mumbai for the opening of their brand new ‘Millennial Culinary Oyster’ Peshwa Pavallion where I ran into so many friends. It was such fun afternoon what with all the back slapping and squeals of delight as I ran into the dapper Virender Razdan and the lovely Sheeba. Good pal Zubin was at his hospitable best and introduced me to his friends as ‘Ms Bangalore’ which brought a smile to India’s first and only Master of Wine, Sonal Holland’s lips.
Bangalore girl Monisha Songadwala and I caught up with the Bangalore diaries in between partaking on the most fabulous spread of Indian and SE Asian cuisine topped with deadly doses of Champagne and very potent gin and fresh mosambi cocktails!
I came home laden with chocolate from Fabelle. Sigh! I shall miss you Mumbai meri jaan!
Back in Mumbai!
Back in Mumbai and things are hectic from day 1! Settling in, getting the warmest ‘welcome home’ from my Bobo (he’s stuck to me like glue esp; since I bought all his designer treats with me). After a lot of effusive welcomes from Lishu, Neesu Bo and the maid, we had the important task on settling where to go for dinner!
Eating out in Mumbai is a treat. From the fancy bistros, restaurants, hole in the wall or from the street vendors,they are all uniformly superb!
Yesterday we we went to House of Mandarin. Not a fancy smanchy place but what we call comfort ‘Indchin’ food. But, hoo boy! Was I surprised!
The food had gentle nuances, was rip roaringly fresh, quite elegant and sophisticated and superbly tasty…whew! I have exhausted all my adjectives.
The Chicken & Prawn Shu Mai Dumpling was plump soft and delicious, as was the very elegant Salmon nigiri! As for the Pan fried chicken Gyoza…just yum! No just ‘flied lice’ and ‘noodlees,’ this meal was terrific!
I’m looking forward to my stay in my ‘home away from home’…eating my way through everything…from different restaurants to family homes to my friends homes…I suspect I’ll need a new wardrobe soon. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9530935287475586}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '219643', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:Y3J4USVOWJYWZLBX5QB3RXKRNMGVFIS6', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:69e26aac-2ca6-459f-b363-c14da0b214a5>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 8, 18, 33, 7), 'WARC-IP-Address': '192.0.78.13', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:YTH4LHVV75PFGL6XEPEC7XZ2IM5Y53PD', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:14e50768-18e9-4948-86c5-06fb8bf2a656>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://rubichakravarti.wordpress.com/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:17a49c1b-185f-4f69-9592-af09e3d97c70>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1734', 'url': 'https://rubichakravarti.wordpress.com/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-10\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for February/March 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-39.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02059835195541382', 'original_id': 'cc0cebeb66390a94b10f35fddb62af01e59445b7133ed5c5a8b0f2a7b16f3ea8'} |
Field of the Invention
Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to three-dimensional printing and, more specifically, to techniques for approximating three-dimensional curves using foldable beams.
Description of the Related Art
A typical three-dimensional (3D) printer generates a 3D solid object based on a 3D printable digital model, such as a 3D mesh of triangles. In operation, the 3D printer creates the 3D object from bottom to top. For instance, if the 3D model were to represent a candy cane, then the 3D printer would print successive layers of material beginning with a layer corresponding to the bottom of the stem and ending with a layer corresponding to the top of the hook. To prevent un-supported layers (such as the hook of a candy-cane) from collapsing and/or drooping onto previously printed layers or the ground during the printing process, 3D printers typically enhance the 3D model around the un-supported layers with “support structures.”
In general, support structures are designed to ensure the integrity of the material that forms the 3D object throughout the 3D printing process. In that vein, 3D printers oftentimes generate support structures in a different type of material than the material used to generate the geometries associated with the actual 3D object being printed. After the 3D printer generates the 3D object, a designer usually performs post-processing operations to remove the now-extraneous support structures and reveal the desired 3D object. For instance, the designer may break off or dissolve the support material.
One drawback to removing the support materials after printing a 3D object is that the associated post-processing techniques can cause perceivable defects in the 3D object. For example, if the support material is broken off, then rough edges may be apparent in the 3D object. And, if the support material is dissolved, then the color and/or texture of the 3D object may be uneven. Consequently, some designers modify the 3D model to reduce the amount of support material required during 3D printing.
In general, the amount and structure of the support material correlates to the number and significance of overhangs specified by the 3D model. Most 3D printers can print 3D objects with some amount of overhang without having to include support material. More specifically, each such 3D printer is associated with an overhang angle threshold, also known as the maximum draft angle. The overhang angle threshold is the maximum angle of a local surface patch relative to the horizontal print bed that the 3D printer is configured to print without adding support material to ensure the integrity of the 3D object during printing.
In one approach for reducing the amount of support required during 3D printing, the designer identifies which of the angles included in the 3D model exceed the overhang angle threshold. The designer then modifies the 3D model to reduce the magnitude of one or more of the identified overhang angles. The designer repeats this process until satisfied with the appearance of the 3D model. While this incremental adjustment process may yield acceptable results for simple 3D objects, adjusting complex 3D objects to reduce overhang angles without unacceptably distorting the desired shapes of the 3D objects can be tedious and quite time consuming. Further, even with a deliberate, careful approach to reducing the identified overhang angles, the remaining amount of support material and/or the modifications to the 3D objects are oftentimes still unacceptable from a design perspective.
As the foregoing illustrates, what is needed in the art are more effective techniques for reducing support materials generated during 3D printing. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '69bc731acc9f5a5b5430283280732c7150fa96cfbe89e9672a6e42435f838a06'} |
Treatment outcomes and predicting factors for diabetic macular edema treated with ranibizumab - One-year real-life results in Taiwan.
To report the one-year outcomes of diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with ranibizumab under a real-life setting in Taiwan, and to identify the prognostic factors. Between July 2013 and January 2015, 119 eyes receiving intravitreal ranibizumab for DME were retrospectively recruited. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT) measured with optical coherence tomography were collected at baseline and at Month 3, 6, and 12. Linear regression was used to identify the predicting factors for changes in BCVA and CFT at Month 12. The average number of ranibizumab given within one year was 4.36 ± 1.87. The BCVA (logMAR) improved from 0.74 ± 0.30 at baseline to 0.64 ± 0.37 at Month 12 (p = 0.002). A better improvement in BCVA at Month 3 was significantly correlated with a better visual improvement at Month 12 (p < 0.001). The existence of subretinal fluid at baseline (p = 0.02) and a greater reduction in CFT at Month 3 (p < 0.001) were both correlated with a greater reduction in CFT at Month 12. Previous subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide was associated with fewer additional IVR after Month 3 (odds ratio = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.14-0.89). Compared with existing prospective studies, the one-year real-life data in Taiwan showed fewer ranibizumab injections for DME and a less prominent yet still significant visual improvement. Both visual and anatomical improvements at Month 3 were correlated with the level of improvements at Month 12. Previous subtenon steroid injection might reduce the need of additional ranibizumab injections. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '08a514e6fdb35b4523ab5312d447235b078f2e55070aabe7e4dba1a5596cdde9'} |
Q:
Good language to develop a game server in?
I was just wondering what language would be a good choice for developing a game server to support a large (thousands) number of users? I dabbled in python, but realized that it would just be too much trouble since it doesn't spawn threads across cores (meaning an 8 core server=1 core server). I also didn't really like the language (that "self" stuff grossed me out).
I know that C++ is the language for the job in terms of performance, but I hate it. I don't want to deal with its sloppy syntax and I like my hand to be held by managed languages. This brings me to C# and Java, but I am open to other languages. I love the simplicity of .NET, but I was wondering if, speed wise, this would be good for the job. Keep in mind since this will be deployed on a Linux server, it would be running on the Mono framework - not sure if that matters. I know that Java is syntax-wise very similar to .Net, but my experience with it is limited. Are there any frameworks out there for it or anthing to ease in the development?
Please help me and my picky self arrive on a solution.
UPDATE: I didn't mean to sound so picky, and I really don't think I was. The only language I really excluded was C++, Python I don't like because of the scalability problem. I know that there are ways of communicating between processes, but if I have an 8 core server, why should I need to make 8 processes? Is there a more elegant solution?
A:
I hate to say it, and I know I'm risking a down mod here, but it doesn't sound like there's a language out there for you. All programming languages have their quirks and programmers simply have to adapt to them. It's completely possible to write a working server in Python without classes (eliminating the "self" variable class references) and likewise just as easy to write C++ with clean syntax.
If you're looking to deploy cross-platform and want to develop cross-platform as well, your best bet would probably be Java. It shorter development cycles than compiled languages like C and C++, but is higher performance (arguable, but I've always been anti-Java =P) than interpreted languages like Python and Perl and you don't have to work with unofficial implementations like Mono that may from time to time not support all of a language's features.
A:
Erlang is a language which is designed around concurrency and distribution over several servers, which is perfect for server software. Some links about Erlang and game-servers:
http://www.devmaster.net/articles/mmo-scalable-server/
http://www.erlang-consulting.com/euc2005/mmog/mmog_in_erlang.htm
I'm thinking of writing a game-server in Erlang myself.
A:
I might be going slightly off-topic here, but the topic interests me as I have (hobby-wise) worked on quite a few game servers (MMORPG servers) - on others' code as well as mine. There is literature out there that will be of interest to you, drop me a note if you want some references.
One thing that strikes me in your question is the want to serve a thousand users off a multithreaded application. From my humble experience, that does not work too well. :-)
When you serve thousands of users you want a design that is as modular as possible, because one of your primary goals will be to keep the service as a whole up and running. Game servers tend to be rather complex, so there will be quite a few show-stopping bugs. Don't make your life miserable with a single point of failure (one application!).
Instead, try to build multiple processes that can run on a multitude of hosts. My humble suggestion is the following:
Make them independent, so a failing process will be irrelevant to the service.
Make them small, so that the different parts of the service and how they interact are easy to grasp.
Don't let users communicate with the gamelogic OR DB directly. Write a proxy - network stacks can and will show odd behaviour on different architectures when you have a multitude of users. Also make sure that you can later "clean"/filter what the proxies forward.
Have a process that will only monitor other processes to see if they are still working properly, with the ability to restart parts.
Make them distributable. Coordinate processes via TCP from the start or you will run into scalability problems.
If you have large landscapes, consider means to dynamically divide load by dividing servers by geography. Don't have every backend process hold all the data in memory.
I have ported a few such engines written in C++ and C# for hosts operating on Linux, FreeBSD and also Solaris (on an old UltraSparc IIi - yes, mono still runs there :). From my experience, C# is well fast enough, considering on what ancient hardware it operates on that sparc machine.
The industry (as far as I know) tends to use a lot of C++ for the serving work and embeds scripting languages for the actual game logic. Ah, written too much already - way cool topic.
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'de23a8616c0d4e3ffaa8446c4365f40b1c25569610e14d11c48ae738cc924716'} |
Gregory Trubetskoy
Notes to self.
Introducing Tgres - a Time Series DB on Top of PostgreSQL
| Comments
Tgres is a metrics collection and storage server, aka a time series database. I’m not very comfortable with referring to it as a database, because at least in case of Tgres, the database is actually PostgreSQL. But also “database” to me is in the same category as “operating system” or “compiler”, a thing so advanced that only few can claim to be it without appearing pretentious. But for the sake of tautology avoidance, I might occasionally refer to Tgres as a TS database.
Ulike Graphite or RRDTool, Tgres produces no charts, it assumes you’re using something like Grafana. Currently Tgres supports most of the Graphite functionality (including vast majority of the functions) as well as Statsd functionality. Tgres supports clustering, albeit whereby all nodes must share the PostgreSQL instance. Tgres can be used as a standalone server or as a Go package compiled into your app.
Current status
It’s been over a year since I began hacking on it in this incarnation, though the idea and a couple of scrapped implementations thereof go back more than two years. Tgres is still not quite production quality, though it’s probably stable enough for someone who knows their way around Go to give it a whirl. At this point I have proven the concept, and believe the architecture is sound, but the magnitude of the project turned out to be much grater than I originally pictured, and so it still needs lots and lots of proofreading, t’s crossed and i’s dotted.
Raisons d’etre
With Go, new things are possible
The idea of a TS database came about when I first decided to dive into Golang. Go can do great stuff, but I didn’t see how it applied to anything I was working on at the time. I needed a project that was a better match for the domain of applications that Go made possible, something where performance and scale matter, something with concurrent moving pieces, something challenging. A “time series database” seemed like it had potential. It has all kinds of curious requirements that could be great fun to implement in Go.
Present state of “time series databases” is dismal
I was (and still am) frustrated with the state of TS in our industry. Since the appearance of MRTG back in 1995 when the network admins of the then burgeoning Internet realized that TS is essential to device monitoring, not much has happened.
RRDTool was definitely a major step forward from MRTG which was merely a Perl script. RRDTool to this day is the best implementation of a round-robin database for time series data (in C to boot). Similarly to MRTG, RRDTool was designed as a command-line tool, the server component was left as an exercise for the user. And even though linking RRDTool into your app was not too difficult (I did it in 2004), somehow an “RRD server” never appeared.
Then there was Graphite. (I think Graphite is a reflection of the Python-can-do-anything era.) Graphite borrowed a lot of ideas from RRDTool, though its re-implementation of round-robin on-disk files in pure Python while claiming superiority is not that much better, if at all, IMHO when compared to RRDTool in both accuracy and performance. In general though, I think storing data directly in files is the wrong approach to begin with.
Graphite’s appeal is that it’s an easy-to-start server that does everything, and it became especially popular alongside Statsd a tool with umpteen different implementation designed to sit in front of Graphite. Eventually people stopped using Graphite to make charts favoring instead the most excellent Grafana, while Graphite (or its nephew Graphite-API) became a UI-less server-only component to store and retrieve data.
Graphite and RRDTool didn’t scale very well, so for “Big Time Series” (as in very large networks, or specialized fields like finance, weather, etc.) people used solutions backed by Cassandra, HBase, or Solr such as OpenTSDB.
There are also new kids on the block such as InfluxDB or Prometheus, which are a little too flashy and commercial by my taste, each trying to solve problems that I don’t think I have.
Bottom line is that some 20 years after MRTG, time series remains mostly a system monitoring aid and has never crossed over to the mainstream application development.
Data isolation
Virtually all of the aforementioned tools contribute to a problem I dub data isolation. Data isolation is when a part of our data is stored using a separate tool in a different format and is therefore not as easily accessible. For example if our metrics are in Graphite, we probably don’t even know how to get them out of it, nor does it occur to us that it might be useful. All we’ve been able to do is get a Grafana chart and are quite satisfied with it. We do not question why it isn’t a first-class citizen right in the database as a table, where we could use it in SQL joins, for example. Or export it to our big data rig and query it with Hive or Spark, etc.
Why is getting a quick chart of customer sign-ups per second next to all my customer data such a big deal these days? Why can’t it be as simple as a model in my Rails or Django app?
PostgreSQL - Avoid the storage mire
I believe that there is nothing about time series that makes it unfit for a relational database. Many projects out there are spinning their wheels solving the wrong problem, that of data storage. Storage is one of the hardest problems in computers, time series databases should focus on time series and delegate the storage to tried-and-true tools which are good at it.
Time series data does carry certain special requirements, and I’ve researched extensively all different ways TS can be stored in a relational database. It does require taking advantage of some newer features that in the open source database world seem most available in PostgreSQL. I am guessing that with time these capabilities will become more available in other databases, and some of them already are, but for the time being I’ve decided that Tgres is PostgreSQL-only.
A bit of detail
Emulating Graphite as a starting point
I would like Tgres to be useful. The simplest way I could think of achieving usefulness is by emulating an existing tool so that it can become a drop-in replacement. This makes adoption easy and it also proves that the underlying architecture is capable. It also lets us compare performance.
It doesn’t mean that I am a fan of how Graphite does things, but I think that if Tgres is architected in such a way that there is a lower level which does the heavy lifting and then a layer on top of it that makes it behave like Graphite, that’s a great start, and it leaves options open for potential improvement and a different/better interface.
General terminology
I always liked how RRDTool documentation broke down the problem of time series into concise and clear terms. Tgres tries to leverage the RRDTool terminology. Tgres also adopts the same techniques to the extent that is possible given a considerably different architecuture. Unlike RRDTool, Tgres uses a millisecond as the smallest unit of time measure.
Data Point (DP)
A data point is a value (a floating point number) a time stamp and a string name identifying the series. (For a while I contemplated allowing a data point to have multiple values, but it made things too complicated, so I reverted to a single value per data point).
Round-Robin Archive (RRA)
Tgres stores data points in round-robin archives. While “round-robin” is an implementation detail, it is part of the name because the only way it can be round-robin is the number of data points in the archive is constant. The time-span of the RRA is determined by the step (resolution) and the size of the archive (in steps). Thus RRA’s are defined by step and size, e.g. 10s for 24 hours (a data point every 10s for 24 hours, or 8,640 points).
A series is usually is stored in multiple RRA’s. The RRA’s typically have varying resolutions, e.g. we want a 10s step for the past 24h, but also a 1h step for a week and a 6h step for 3 years. In this example we have 3 RRA’s. Tgres takes care of maintaining the RRA’s and selecting the right resultion for a given query so that there is no need to deal with individual RRA’s directly.
Data Source (DS)
A group of RRA’s under the same identifier (aka series name) is referred to as a data source (DS). I suppose “DS” can be used interchangeably with “series”. Depending on how Tgres is configured, DS’s are either predefined or are created on the fly based on DS name matching rules.
Note that Tgres does not store the original data points, but only the weighted averages of the received data points in each RRA. This is how RRDTool does it. Graphite doesn’t bother averaging the points but simply discards previous data points within the same step. At first it may seem not ideal that the original data is discarded, but experience shows that just about any time series operation results in a conversion to a fixed interval form as the first step, so it might as well just be done upfront.
Heartbeat (HB)
Every DS has a heartbeat, a time duration which defines the longest possible period of inactivity before the DS becomes considered dysfunctional. If the heartbeat is exceeded, the data since the last update will be recorded as NaNs.
Xfiles factor (XFF)
When data is consolidated from smaller to larger step RRAs, the XFF determines how much of the data is allowed to be NaN before the consolidated value becomes NaN. For example if we are consolidating per-minute values into a per-hour value, if one of the minutes happens to be NaN, strictly speaking the whole hour ought ot be NaN, but that wouldn’t be very useful. Default XFF is .5, i.e. more than half of the per-minute values should be NaN before the per-hour value is considered NaN.
Postgres storage format
A time series is a series of floats. Note that when it’s stored in RRA’s, there is no need for timestamps - each position in an RRA has its timestamp defined by the current state of the RRA. If we know the timestamp of the tip, we know the timestamp of every element going back to the beginning of the RRA.
To store data points Tgres takes advantage of PostgreSQL arrays. A single row stores many data points. Tgres further splits series into multiple rows to optimize the IO.
To make the data easy to use, Tgres also creates a view which makes the data points structured as a regular table with a row per data point.
There are only 3 tables and 1 view required for Tgres operation. You can use the same database you use for any other web app you have. This means you can access the time series by simply just adding a model pointing at the Tgres time series view to your Rails/Django/whatever to get access to the data.
Tgres components
Tgres is organized as a set of Go packages.
The daemon is the main process that runs everything. It includes the config parser, and the listeners that receive and parse incoming data points using both UDP and TCP Graphite formats, as well as Python Pickle format (though I’m not sure who out there really uses it). It’s not too hard to add more formats, for example I think it’d be neat if Tgres could receive data points via an HTTP pixel that could be embedded in web pages.
The daemon also takes care of graceful restarts, logging and other typical long-running service stuff.
The receiver (formerly known as transceiver) is the data point router and cache. It maintains a set of workers responsible for writing the data points to their respective RRA’s, as well as caching and periodic flushing of the cache. Flushing is done once a certian number of points has accumulated or a period of time has passed, but not more often than the minimal flush frequency (all configurable).
The responsibility of rrd is to add data points to RRA’s. This is not as simple as it sounds, a good description of the concepts behind it is available here.
http is the place for all things related to HTTP, which currently is just the Graphite API. The API requests are passed down to the DSL level for processing.
dsl is an implementation of the Graphite functions. There are a few differences because I used the Go parser which is nearly syntactically identical. (For example a series name cannot begin with a digit because that is not a proper Go identifier).
Graphite has a lot number of functions available in its DSL, and I spent a lot of time during our beach vacation last summer trying to implement them all, but I think a few are still left undone. Some were harder than others, and some led me on side adventures such as figuring out the Holt-Winters triple exponential smoothing and how to do it correctly. (ZZZ - link)
The interface to the database is reduced to a fairly compact SerDe (Serialize-Deserializer) interface. While the SerDe itself is utterly simplistic (e.g. “get me this series”), the SQL behind it anything but, still, it should be possible to throw together an alternative SerDe for a different relational database (or not a database at all?).
Statsd is currently in a separate Go package, but I might integrate with the RRD because it is not very clear that it needs to be a separate thing. Somehow it so happened that Graphite and Statd are two separate projects, but the reasons for this are probably more cultural than by design.
Cluster supports very basic clustering. At this point it’s “good enough” given that it’s OK to occasionally lose data points during cluster transitions and all that we want to make sure of is that nodes can come and go without disruptions.
The principle behind cluster is that each node is responsible for one or more series and other nodes will forward data points to the responsible node. There is nearly zero configuration, and any node can act as the point of contact, i.e. there is no leader.
The way clustering is done is in flux at the moment, we might change it to something more robust in the near future, but for the time being it addresses the horizontal scaling problem.
There’s still lots to do…
There’s still a lot of work to be done on Tgres. For one thing, I don’t have any tests. This is mainly because I don’t believe in testing that which hasn’t “gelled”, and I wouldn’t be surprised if the above organization of packages and how they interface changes as I understand the problem better. We also need documentation. And some real-life use/testing/feedback would be great as well. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9458273649215698}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '27269', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:N4UYGICHP4HCFSUIBUWRW3H6J4BXECOK', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:d8897088-31ab-4e4d-987d-8b408e52bba9>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 24, 7, 1, 25), 'WARC-IP-Address': '104.31.89.53', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:PKHMG7LYTF2TCWUF3CS3E4HAGFHGAYSR', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:c0179856-43a3-41a9-a41d-ce289bc165ca>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://grisha.org/blog/2016/07/29/state-of-tgres-2016/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:dda3fff4-91e9-4220-88ae-87e5a39b72e3>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '2490', 'url': 'https://grisha.org/blog/2016/07/29/state-of-tgres-2016/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-18\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-179-91-4.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.13552671670913696', 'original_id': '91fb507abf1147a1f25e9200a6fff0ee470b1ee81588d03802f2690786adfdcb'} |
Varieties of Journalism
Professional Essay Products Taste documents for professional school;written by individuals applying for regulation, business, or healthcare school are abundant online, and so they may also be extremely specialized. Many medical schools require two individual purposes: one directly to the goal college itself and something through the American Medical College Application Assistance (AMCAS). Both that often require documents. Both enterprise and law schools also frequently demand multiple documents of these applicants, with queries which range from facts about your personal history to inquiries asking an essay discovering a debatable problem to be written by you. Therefore, I supply just a few samples of skilled documents within the link under, mentioning you to online sites while in the Home- Research” field below for samples that are specific and further study. Qualified schools who want trials and further assistance being applied to by fstudents, three textbooks are recommended by me throughout this guide, all online that is available: Alan Stewart s HOWTO Compose the Ideal Personal Statement. Brian Asher s Graduate Admissions Essays. Richard Stelzer s How Exactly To Publish a Profitable Private Declaration for Scholar and Professional College.
It may be a thing, a spot, someone, if not a notion.
Along with these books all having a well-recognized and beneficial status, they offer ideas in the admissions officers themselves at qualified plans, this provides readers an inside course as to what is going to be anticipated of them in the program documents and the total application process. They; re all really worth the expenditure, with these books each costing significantly less than the price of many professional college program fees. Summary of Skilled Essay Products Pharmacy Taste The test essay from the drugstore student was created throughout rsquo & the pupil’s sophomore year and before she’d experience while in the discipline. Thus, she made a decision to emphasize her mindset towards and seriousness about her upcoming path of research. She also covers pre-drugstore classes she challenges her academic success and has previously finished. Law School Student Sample The pupil applying to law school to examine environmental legislation immediately persuades followers of his dedication by informing an individual history of how environmental law affected his family enterprise. His academic way is also traced by him to rsquo & a bachelor from community-college;s software, where he concluded a specialized thesis to a government agency with scarves. With faculties in the same way considering recruiting students with life experience and a varied background as they are with seeking pre- majors, this scholar builds a solid event for himself as a choice in just one-page.
Give a descriptive planning to each issue.
Business School Pupil Taste both enterprise software essays, written by the customer that is same, are to inquiries presented by an MBA program, which can be specifically considering how individuals overcome troubles and take risks in response. The author addresses the initial concern, which allows for just one page to spell it out its particular influence and an individual possibility, by vividly recounting a lifestyle -altering 3500-mile motorcycle journey he needed throughout the people at the age of 21 together with his sibling. The second article gives two pages to people to describe a complicated staff expertise as well as their contributions to its achievement. Below, the writer gets after completing his bachelor; s level of having previously worked in operation for a few decades, the advantage, consequently he correctly becomes to his staff encounter that is most productive at his business. Brief Medical School Pupil Taste With medical school applications sometimes requesting extremely targeted queries with short reply answers, this scholar utilizes the tiny level of house designated to describe why she;s applying to med-school by explaining how she applied imaginative thinking to dealing with a individual in a clinic. Here we observe that the author has the feeling to reply individually to her clients that are future with value. For guidance specific to publishing documents for qualified institution, switch to targeted websites including these.
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Tuesday, April 17, 2007
Lawn Ornaments
A number of people in this area have lawn ornaments in their yard. Many times, it is a cement deer, duck , or rabbit, large ceramic pots, etc. We often thought it would be fun to put something unexpected, such as a cement kangaroo, just to see if people would notice……..
We never thought of a flying saucer……..
Annie said...
That would catch an eye or two.
Olivier said...
cela me rappelle ce français qui avait creer une soucoupe volante dans son jardin, en esperant pouvoir s'envoler sur Jupiter..au derniere nouvelle il est toujours dans son jardin ;o)
that points out this French to me who had to create a flying saucer in his garden, while hoping to be able to fly away on Jupiter. .au last news it is always in its garden ;O)
Keropok Man said...
any chance that it is actually a real flying saucer? | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.838722825050354}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '55822', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:KOGWJPYUSF6LJGUP2VB2UGVAXA4UNNVI', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:8eb1de2f-502c-45ba-b0f0-b4a038d3eb0f>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 23, 3, 3, 58), 'WARC-IP-Address': '172.217.7.161', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:G5VXYHKVBAGSQ46LRINFIDZCHHUY4FX2', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:e34b09b6-beee-43df-9fbf-a852a33af289>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://deltadailyphoto.blogspot.com/2007/04/lawn-ornaments.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:4c4c4fce-45b6-4b5d-aff3-7686c7a94c0e>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '152', 'url': 'http://deltadailyphoto.blogspot.com/2007/04/lawn-ornaments.html', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2018-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2018\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-179-45-39.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 0.11-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.1044321060180664', 'original_id': 'f31936d2c3e9c0ffe36b40c8fe567e3ae5f0df2b242e1ab5f7975b6464a93b57'} |
May 25, 2004
Note - Magenta instructions are for Scion Image (PC), which is no longer available.
Digital Image Processing with
NIH Image (Mac) and ImageJ
David S. Bright
Surface and Microanalysis Science Division
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8371
1. Preliminary Information
1. Downloading Image
2. Differences between the Image (Mac) and Scion Image (PC)
3. ImageJ is not intended to look exactly like NIH Image. Instructions specific to ImageJ are in green.
2. Introduction to ImageOn line introduction to IMAGEJ
3. Noise removal
1. Shot noise - add and remove with median filter.
2. Visual Comparison of mean and median filters
4. Histograms, .
1. Basic Histogram, cutting and pasting images, pixel and LUT inversion, contrast enhancement.
2. Histograms after Filtering (with comments on Signal-to-Noise)
5. Image Size (Scale & Rotate)
6. Image Aspect Ratio
7. Flatten Illumination (background subtraction)
8. Illusions
1. Inversion (black and white vs. up and down)
2. Mach Bands
3. Background level
4. Arc Radius (illustrates drawing with Image).
9. Sharpen (Laplacian or Unsharp Masking)
10. RGB Color
1. RGB Tiff Example (tree). Loading a 24 bit color image into a stack.
2. Koala Example. Making an 8 bit color image from three gray level images.
3. Xray Maps Example. Loading and tiling seven small gray level images. Making an 8 bit color image from three of them.
11. Stacks
1. Macros
2. Boron Stack (including Stereo Analyglyph)
12. Measurement
1. Percent Area & Particle sizing.
2. Length and Angle
3. Line Spacing
4. Watershed Segmentation (Separates Touching Particles)
13. Additional Exercises
1. False color
2. Convolve
3. FFT
1. Square Image for FFT
2. Parallel lines in SRM484
3. Deblurring (deconvolution)
4. Flatten Illumination (FFT Low Cut Filtering.)
4. Importing Files
14. Problems
15. Image processing References | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.7264676690101624}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '5446', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:PWWQVY5QGDHZ7BMVPV45253HHL6THVNL', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:a93fce92-1d93-40e9-af9c-342bf8df0d38>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2013, 12, 13, 15, 39, 36), 'WARC-IP-Address': '132.163.4.217', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:3NPY2QJY5I3DDTHRTUHPCPBT5FEMBBUQ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:771062fc-69d3-4cb6-a81b-b31bdab58a98>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.nist.gov/lispix/imlab/labs.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:6fbbfe70-46c2-4f98-8d9b-3ec0a46914a6>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '277', 'url': 'http://www.nist.gov/lispix/imlab/labs.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2013-48\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for Winter 2013\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.9801868200302124', 'original_id': '601a22791807f3bb6332b9cfb52aa8e561a99992746ade926c2713dda2506834'} |
There is an increasing need to find new molecules that can effectively modulate a wide range of biological processes. Rational drug design methodologies which have been used historical to design new drugs and other useful compositions, have been limited by the fact that the new drugs are generally derived from a known starting point. Recently, new technologies have focused on non-rational drug design. These methodologies generally rely upon the use of combinatorial libraries of randomly created polymers. Some work has been done to optimize the "randomness" of peptide libraries. Rutter and Santi, U.S. Pat. No. 5,010,175, focuses upon identifying the binding rate constants of amino acid units and modifying incorporation of each amino acid depending upon the rate constant for a given amino acid. Lam, et al., PCT/US91/04666 filed Jul. 1, 1991, teach coupling amino acid units to a solid support, mixing the solid supports, and aliquoting the solid supports into equal portions. Thereafter the coupling, aliquoting, and mixing are repeated. Similarly, Owens, et al., 1991, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 181, 402-408, teach several coupling reactions each with different amino acids conducted simultaneously and then combined to generate a near equimolar mixture before coupling additional residues. Houghten et al., PCT/US91/08694 filed Nov. 20, 1991, teach a process for the synthesis of a complex mixture pool of solid support-coupled monomeric repeating units, such as amino acids, by reacting the monomeric units with solid supports and mixing the solid supports linked to the monomeric units to form a reaction product pool. Thereafter the reaction pool is separated into a number of aliquots of equal weight and the process is repeated to produce peptides of a desired length.
As compared to amino acids, nucleotide monomers and chemical species related thereto represent a very different class of chemicals having very different properties. These difference are of such extent so as to require very dissimilar chemistries to prepare polymeric species from the monomers. Additionally they present other problems and differences such as purification that must be overcome in the preparation of random libraries. Until now, little work has been done to optimize the preparation and use of nucleotide based combinatorial libraries. Huse, et al., PCT/US91/05939 filed Aug. 20, 1991, teach a method of synthesizing oligonucleotides having random tuplets (i.e. doublets, triplets, or quartets) using individual monomers whereby monomers are sequentially coupled in separate reaction vessels on separate supports. Thereafter the supports are mixed, and the mixture is aliquoted. The tuplets are designed so as to provide the entire genetic code, excepting those degenerate codons.
Methods of reducing bias by equalizing binding of each unit in an oligonucleotide pool are greatly desired. These and other objects are provided by the present invention. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'd0a61db1dca8670f9391caacf661e29dae11e1a7d35d71ba3f52ab36f1d1eea5'} |
It may appear odd to bring up the topic of preparing for the holiday peak season when we are so far away from the traditional peak shipping period. In order to make impactful changes though, one needs adequate time. Between analyzing one's shipment profile, developing a strategy, preparing an RFP, and negotiating with the carriers, implementing a best in class agreement with UPS and/or FedEx often requires at least three to four months to complete. If operational changes are required, it can take even longer.
With the holiday peak being nearly half a year away, now is the time to prepare. The following are three simple steps to take now, which can lead to significant savings as the peak season approaches.
Before you can make meaningful decisions, gain visibility to your shipment profile. Having detailed knowledge of your shipment data will provide the basis for any negotiations with the carriers, help assess packaging (dimensional weight) issues, as well as identify areas where simple fixes can be made.
OPERATIONAL CHANGES: A common issue that shippers identify once they have visibility is that they are significantly overpaying for unexpected charges. Unexpected charges most often derive from one or more of the following; shipping charge corrections, late payment fees (now six percent with UPS), declared value (often generated by a vendor), Next Day Air AM or other “time sensitive” charges, address corrections, and from services that aren’t receiving the anticipated (or any) discounts. By gaining visibility to any of these items, organizations can develop internal processes to move less time sensitive shipments to the appropriate service levels, implement solutions to eliminate incorrect charges, change accounting practices, and implement shipping procedures with its vendors. Data will provide as little or as much detail that is needed to identify and address any unexpected charges.
PACKAGING AND THE IMPACT OF DIMENSIONAL WEIGHT: Data will also provide the details needed to identify necessary improvements to address any dimensional weight issues. That can typically either be managed by changing box sizes (depending on the commodities and service levels) or by negotiating the necessary changes with the carrier(s). Note that the carriers continue to provide a three cubic foot threshold (for simplicity, the LxWxH needs to be less than 5,184 cubic inches) for Ground and HD shipments, so in those cases, the actual weight will be considered when determining the billable weight. Keep in mind that the carriers typically run out of space before they exceed weight requirements, so whenever a dimensional weight issue can be addressed through internal changes, that’s ideal. This then improves a shipper’s position to negotiate other items in the agreement rather than focusing on the dimensional weight factor or cubic foot threshold.
DISCOUNTS & FEES: The most apparent opportunity for containing costs often lies within the rates themselves. All too often, we find that a shipper's agreement has expired or the revenue spend has changed so that the anticipated earned discount tier is not being met. The solution may be as simple as having the tier adjusted and reset or you may want to negotiate new discounts that's based on the current shipment profile and spend. Take the opportunity to ensure that all your services are included in your agreement.
Identify which accessorial charges have the most significant impact on your costs. Keep in mind that most accessorial charges are negotiable, so review those with the carrier. Fuel surcharges are also a key component of your accessorial charges. It will typically account for five to 10% of the transportation cost, or more, depending on the percentage in the fuel index in effect at the time of the shipment, as well as the fees that are being impacted by the fuel surcharge. Many are not aware that the fuel surcharge not only applies as a percentage of your base rate, but also to select fees, including the following:
Although the typical mid-market shipper won't have the leverage to negotiate a reduction or a cap to the fuel surcharge, the rates and select accessorial charges that are impacted by the fuel surcharge can be reduced, which effectively reduces the fuel surcharge.
Whether you prioritize your logistics needs on any combination of convenience, reliability, on time performance, controlling damages, or any other criteria, we all want to work with a reliable carrier that meets our service expectations. Although FedEx and UPS justify their rates and increases by claiming to protect margins and yield, they are still, in the end run, competing for your business. As a result, there remains pricing flexibility from the carriers consistent with what we have seen in the past. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'bb9d7f20a31619aec4d9a3754c06ba07beee2a5c918c5e390d460dc189f13b81'} |
Takip et Turkish
sözcük ara, mesela tittybong:
fishing and weed = cool
hunting? I don't know,do you Canucks hunt without guns?
their beer is a bit watery for my taste though...i think those who are ranting and raving about it are kids
Unfortunately they have an effeminate communist view of guns.That's gay,eh?
Rush = a really good band
BTO and Guess Who...gotta love Randy Bachman...but they can be a little weird politically but we'll forgive them
Triumph was cool...FIGHT THE GOOD FIGHT,EH?
I never had any problems with Canadians until I talked to them on the internet.Never knew you were such bitchy little trash talkers.:-)
Just don't badmouth my gun rights and I'll get along with you alot better.
It's not the guns it's the criminals.
And the criminals are fucked up because they were influenced by sex and drugs too early in life through the liberal media which actually glorifies sluts and gangs!
57 345
1) Country north of the USA.
2) Country with a weaker economy and less cultural influence than the USA.
3)A nation that has nothing special to offer the world.
4)America Jr. or Mini-America.
5)Colonists that were to much of pussies to fight the British during the American Revolution.
6)Looks like America, but just isn't the same.
7) Country Americans tell jealous foreigners they are from when not in the US, so that they won't be killed.
8)The World's D student.
Wow Canada sure does suck, I wish I was back in the states.
Canada? Oh we just call it American Jr. here.
France:I hate those arrogant American pigs
American tourist: Don't look at me, I'm from Canada, eh.
Cavedog86 tarafından 20 Ağustos 2007, Pazartesi
82 425
a place with very very fat womens....mcdonalds and tim hortons are the main resource for life. the top models of Canada are not 40kilos but 400kilos!
this is NOT a good example...beeing fat like in canada...x_x
pulaaaaa tarafından 1 Nisan 2007, Pazar
82 594 | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9519899487495422}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '45440', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:HUWPPYVYK2LCJ5IOGNUC2EEBMH6NUL46', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:659bd322-b463-4cd0-ae76-d9ccf5847b03>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 3, 11, 19, 26, 18), 'WARC-IP-Address': '199.27.76.184', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:X5W4IG4BTTSTCPCT72NZP2YOM65ADBQA', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:2d7d1524-dcd1-4925-80d7-c0b0f0ba367f>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://tr.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=canada&page=40', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:24dbb3e4-f248-41d1-af72-e381a22b2c31>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '327', 'url': 'http://tr.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=canada&page=40', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-10\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for March 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.143848717212677', 'original_id': 'b440eb5d6ecba3bb7eb831e332e311b28737d1f503632a2328537ff312776ffd'} |
Food deserts Oakland and Downtown make healthy eating a challenge for Pittsburgh students | News | Pittsburgh | Pittsburgh City Paper
“There is rarely any variety as far as healthy options on campus.”
• CP photo illustration: Annie Brewer
The stereotypical cuisine for cash-strapped college students usually falls between pizza and instant ramen. But Pittsburgh students who want to maintain a healthy diet face numerous obstacles, including limited on-campus dining and the food deserts of Oakland and Downtown.
Zuri Kent-Smith, a senior at the University of Pittsburgh, lived in the dorms for the first two and half years of his college career, including as a resident advisor. Throughout that time, he had a meal plan that cost thousands of dollars per semester. The Pitt website lists 2018- 2019 meal plans — which are required for incoming students living in the residence halls — as running between $2,450-$3,975 per semester.
The fees are comparable to nearby Carnegie Mellon University, where first year students choose from a variety of plans that range from $2,984-$3,322 per semester.
Kent-Smith says that while Pitt’s meal plans make eating convenient and let him save money, the campus lacks options for students with dietary restrictions. As a result, he had to give up being vegetarian. “There weren’t enough non-meat options that were actually good,” he says.
He adds that when Pitt’s on-campus dining facilities do cater to vegetarian and vegan lifestyles, they tend to go for “really complex, abstract meals” as opposed to focusing on just making “simple food that tastes good.”
“They love doing these quinoa and tomato salads and all this stuff, and they never taste good, and they’re always dry and super cold,” he says.
Kent-Smith now lives off campus in Oakland and admits that eating without a meal plan poses challenges, as the surrounding area lacks a grocery store with affordable food options. Without ready access to places such as Giant Eagle, Aldi, or Trader Joe’s, he opts for cheaper restaurants along Forbes Avenue or shopping at nearby drugstores.
Fellow Pitt student Samantha Bastress, who is also a senior, resided on campus during her first year and had a meal plan. She agrees that the school offered limited fresh, healthy options, adding that most snacks and hot food to-go were either fried or “really calorie-dense.”
However, she has seen an increase in offerings for vegan and vegetarian students, including more options at the salad bar. There is also soy milk and other alternative milks for those who are lactose intolerant.
“I'm not vegan myself, but eating with my vegan friend in the dining halls was rough,” says Bastress. “She often would get the same type of meal — just a simple stir fry with black beans to make a complete protein. I think it got boring for her.”
Bastress went off campus after her freshman year and now lives in Oakland with her roommates. Like Kent-Smith, she admits living close to campus often means having trouble accessing healthy, affordable food. She and her roommates get around it by buying groceries together and cooking communally, making food in bulk so they can easily microwave a meal when they get home from class.
“A typical meal in my house usually involves a pasta or rice base, with lots of seasonal vegetables,” she says. “We try to make as much from scratch as possible, including our breads and vegan ice cream.”
Tucked back away from the bustling traffic of Fifth Avenue, Chatham University is even more cut off from readily available food sources. While the dining page on the university’s website touts its commitment to providing fresh, healthy food for a variety of diets, Alie Davis, a senior commuter student at Chatham, hasn’t found that to be the case.
“There is rarely any variety as far as healthy options on campus,” she says. “There are always salads in the cafe, but usually only one vegetarian option, if any.”
Available options also aren’t affordable. As a result, she keeps instant food on hand, in case she doesn’t have enough money to buy food on campus.
Costly meal plans are more essential for students living at Point Park and Duquesne universities, where choices are mostly limited to trendy, expensive restaurants or fast food. Kaylee Kearns, a junior at Point Park, commutes to school from Elizabeth and usually packs a lunch to save money. She considered a meal plan but found the ones offered too expensive and not worth the money. She occasionally purchases snacks from the school’s Point Café or at restaurants in nearby Market Square.
“I’ve heard some students say they love living Downtown and it’s nice to have so many food options, but at the same time it can get really expensive,” she says.
Keith Paylo, vice president of Student Affairs and dean of students at Point Park, says he and the general manager of food services are trying to better cater to students. Three years ago, they switched food providers to CulinArt and have since expanded offerings in the school’s various dining facilities, including a larger salad bar and high-quality sushi.
“I don’t see our students as large fast food eaters,” says Paylo, adding that students even opt for healthier options off campus, such as the nearby Hello Bistro.
Because there are no grocery stores Downtown, Paylo says the on-campus Point Café serves as more of a convenience store for students by selling items like microwavable meals and half-gallons of milk. The university also runs weekend shuttle services to the Waterfront and Shadyside, where students can buy groceries at Market District or Whole Foods.
While improving any on-campus dining experience would help, Kent-Smith prefers the idea of opening regular grocery stores with reasonably priced food near campus.
“If we did solve the issue of having no grocery store, there would be no need to get a meal plan for a lot of people, because they're expensive for low quality food,” says Kent-Smith.
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National Advertising by VMG Advertising | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '2', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.963534951210022}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '140500', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:U47MURCYOQ5KYZT7COLUDILUEPJT2SFG', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:437f6ef7-cee9-424a-a12a-77841e565e38>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 4, 24, 4, 20, 47), 'WARC-IP-Address': '209.104.5.156', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:HS6WLV2PVB37JBT4AZFEESEONHBT5M2L', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:d680485d-8c60-4409-8189-2d24d42e8994>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.pghcitypaper.com/pittsburgh/food-deserts-oakland-and-downtown-make-healthy-eating-a-challenge-for-pittsburgh-students/Content?mode=print&oid=10300727', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:5f7c73c7-2d2f-4ed4-a120-783a1548608e>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1016', 'url': 'https://www.pghcitypaper.com/pittsburgh/food-deserts-oakland-and-downtown-make-healthy-eating-a-challenge-for-pittsburgh-students/Content?mode=print&oid=10300727', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-18\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-165-178-231.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.027315199375152588', 'original_id': '1ba5cd3fc43a7e3a5a6cd6e5e0d63bf348295843123999c2fec07275100a2f08'} |
Upper buccal sulcus approach to management of fractures of the zygomatic complex: a retrospective study of 50 cases.
A retrospective study was conducted of 50 consecutive cases of fractures of the zygomatic complex reduced by the upper buccal sulcus approach. All were treated successfully with simple elevation (n=38), elevation with intraoral plating at the zygomatic buttress (n=8), or extraoral placement of bone plates (n=4). In no case was the approach deemed unsuitable, or abandoned in favour of another technique. There was minimal morbidity (one case each of mild diplopia, trismus, and swelling, all of which settled spontaneously). The upper buccal sulcus approach is a safe, rapid and effective technique for the reduction of zygomatic body and arch fractures. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'd20dfb5e67b5ddd29d04f47a724c8267735fec16b6c2ef2a508ec1d78c30dc2c'} |
/*
* Copyright 2014 Feedzai
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.feedzai.commons.sql.abstraction.dml.result;
import com.feedzai.commons.sql.abstraction.engine.DatabaseEngineException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* The abstract result iterator. Extending classes will create the specific {@link ResultColumn}
* implementation given the engine in place.
*
* @author Rui Vilao (rui.vilao@feedzai.com)
* @since 2.0.0
*/
public abstract class ResultIterator implements AutoCloseable {
/**
* The logger.
*/
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ResultIterator.class);
/**
* The statement.
*/
private final Statement statement;
/**
* The result set.
*/
private final ResultSet resultSet;
/**
* The list of columns names for the given query.
*/
private final List<String> columnNames;
/**
* Signals if the result set is already close.
*/
private boolean closed = false;
/**
* Signals if statement in place is closeable. E.g. Prepared statements must no be closed.
*/
private boolean statementCloseable;
/**
* Creates a new instance of {@link ResultIterator} for regular statements (on-demand query).
* <p>
* This constructor will also create a result set and get all the projection names of the query.
* </p>
*
* @param statement The statement.
* @param sql The sql sentence if applicable. E.g. Prepared statements do not have a SQL query since it's already defined.
* @param isPreparedStatement True if the given statement is a {@link PreparedStatement}.
* @throws DatabaseEngineException If a database access error occurs.
*/
private ResultIterator(Statement statement, String sql, boolean isPreparedStatement) throws DatabaseEngineException {
this.statement = statement;
this.columnNames = new ArrayList<>();
// Process column names.
ResultSetMetaData meta;
try {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
if (isPreparedStatement) {
this.resultSet = ((PreparedStatement) statement).executeQuery();
this.statementCloseable = false;
} else {
this.resultSet = statement.executeQuery(sql);
this.statementCloseable = true;
}
logger.trace("[{} ms] {}", (System.currentTimeMillis() - start), sql == null ? "" : sql);
meta = resultSet.getMetaData();
final int columnCount = meta.getColumnCount();
for (int i = 1; i <= columnCount; i++) {
columnNames.add(meta.getColumnLabel(i));
}
} catch (final Exception e) {
close();
throw new DatabaseEngineException("Could not process result set.", e);
}
}
/**
* Creates a new instance of {@link ResultIterator} for regular {@link Statement}.
*
* @param statement The statement.
* @param sql The SQL sentence.
* @throws DatabaseEngineException If a database access error occurs.
*/
public ResultIterator(Statement statement, String sql) throws DatabaseEngineException {
this(statement, sql, false);
}
/**
* Creates a new instance of {@link ResultIterator} for {@link PreparedStatement}.
*
* @param statement The prepared statement.
* @throws DatabaseEngineException If a database access error occurs.
*/
public ResultIterator(PreparedStatement statement) throws DatabaseEngineException {
this(statement, null, true);
}
/**
* Retrieves the next row in the result set.
* <p>
* This method also closes the result set upon the last call on the result set.
* </p>
* <p>
* If the statement in place is not a {@link PreparedStatement} it also closes the statement.
* </p>
* <p>
* If an exception is thrown the calling thread is responsible for repeating the action in place.
* </p>
*
* @return The result row.
* @throws DatabaseEngineException If a database access error occurs.
*/
public Map<String, ResultColumn> next() throws DatabaseEngineException {
try {
if (closed) {
return null;
}
if (!resultSet.next()) {
close();
return null;
}
Map<String, ResultColumn> temp = new LinkedHashMap<>(columnNames.size());
int i = 1;
for (String cname : columnNames) {
temp.put(cname, createResultColumn(cname, resultSet.getObject(i)));
i++;
}
return temp;
} catch (final Exception e) {
close();
throw new DatabaseEngineException("Could not fetch data.", e);
}
}
/**
* Retrieves the values of the next row in the result set as an array oj objects.
* <p>
* This method provides an optimized version of the {@link #next()} method with less overhead.
* <p>
* This method also closes the result set upon the last call on the result set.
* </p>
* <p>
* If the statement in place is not a {@link PreparedStatement} it also closes the statement.
* </p>
* <p>
* If an exception is thrown the calling thread is responsible for repeating the action in place.
* </p>
*
* @return The result row.
* @throws DatabaseEngineException If a database access error occurs.
* @see #getColumnNames() for the names of the columns of this method return.
*/
public ResultColumn[] nextResult() throws DatabaseEngineException {
try {
if (closed) {
return null;
}
if (!resultSet.next()) {
close();
return null;
}
ResultColumn[] temp = new ResultColumn[columnNames.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < columnNames.size(); i++) {
temp[i] = createResultColumn(columnNames.get(i), resultSet.getObject(i + 1));
}
return temp;
} catch (final Exception e) {
close();
throw new DatabaseEngineException("Could not fetch data.", e);
}
}
/**
* Checks if this result iterator is closed.
*
* @return {@code true} if the result set is closed, {@code false} otherwise.
*/
public boolean isClosed() {
return closed;
}
/**
* Retrieves the column names of the iterator.
*
* @return the column names of the iterator.
*/
public List<String> getColumnNames() {
return columnNames;
}
/**
* Closes the {@link ResultSet} and the {@link Statement} if applicable.
*/
@Override
public void close() {
// Check for previous closed.
if (!closed) {
try {
if (resultSet != null) {
resultSet.close();
}
} catch (final Exception e) {
logger.warn("Could not close result set.", e);
}
if (statementCloseable && statement != null) {
try {
statement.close();
} catch (final Exception e) {
logger.warn("Could not close statement.", e);
}
}
}
// Assume closed even if it fails.
closed = true;
}
/**
* Creates a {@link ResultColumn} for the given engine in place.
*
* @param name The name of the column.
* @param value The value on the column.
* @return A specific result column given the implementation.
*/
public abstract ResultColumn createResultColumn(final String name, final Object value);
}
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/francisco-polaco/pdb/blob/master/src/main/java/com/feedzai/commons/sql/abstraction/dml/result/ResultIterator.java', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': 'Apache-2.0', 'date': '', 'title': 'pdb', 'creator': 'francisco-polaco', 'language': 'Java', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '1034', 'token_count': '2188', '__index_level_0__': '37031', 'original_id': 'f1a421bf846c9d0b437959f1bab7d62267d8754e740198ba51563f2e44d19530'} |
Javascript – Lisa Leaks Leaking The Latest News Mon, 03 Dec 2018 17:58:35 +0000 en-US hourly 1 An Adult Webcam Site Lets Users Code Apps Mon, 03 Sep 2018 13:12:36 +0000 One of the best features of modern social media platforms such as Facebook or Twitter is that they allow developers to build their own apps that can be later ran on those sites.
It seems this has inspired some adult webcam sites to do the same with their users. Chaturbate has an API that allows regular users and developers to build apps and bots using Javascript. These apps and bots can later be used by any webcam model in their chatrooms.
Since all apps are free and open source models can use any app they like, for free. This also enable users to easily create new apps, by copying the source code of existing ones and adding new features. The new app will also become available to the public and can in turn be modified by others.
Models can run one single app at a time per room, but they do not seem to be limited by the number of bots they can use.
tip multi goal
Here are some example of existing apps that amongst the most favorite on Chatterbate:
1. Tip Multi-Goal: Free adult cam sites like Chaturbate work with tips from their users to their model. This app enables models to setup up to 8 different goals, each goal meaning a certain amount of tokens that needs to be reached by the way of users tipping together. As a model, with “Tip Multi-Goal” you can set your goals before the show stars and as one goal is reached a new one automatically replaces it. Same goes with the next one, until all 8 goals are reached or until the models stops the app herself.
2. Crazy Ticket: This is one of the most famous apps. When started, it allows models to sell virtual tickets to their cam shows, which otherwise are hidden to the public. What this means is that only people who bought a ticket can watch their live feed.
3. Roll The Dice: This lets models set up between 13 and 21 prizes. Users tip an amount set in the settings by models and then the app runs, by “rolling the dice”. Depending on the result, users win a price, also set in settings.
4. CrazyGoal: This app has 3 mods. It works as a simple tip goal, with users tipping so that models reach their, goal. It has an Auto-Reset, mode which resets the goal once it is reached. It can also run in the “CrazyGoal War” mode, which means that two different goals can compete against each other.
So what can you actually use the API, except for the apps mentioned above?
Having at look at the API page, you can do quite a lot of stuff, like changing the room’s subject, canceling a timeout, remove users from having access to the cam etc.
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@extends('canvas::admin.layouts.app')
@section('title', __('Time Report'))
@section('content')
<div class="row my-2">
<div class="col-md">
<h1>@yield('title')</h1>
</div>
{{-- <div class="col-md-auto mb-3 mb-md-0">--}}
{{-- <a href="{{ route('hours.create') }}" class="btn btn-primary">{{ __('Create Hour') }}</a>--}}
{{-- </div>--}}
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<form method="GET" action="/hours" id="form">
<div class="row">
{{-- <div class="col-lg-3">--}}
{{-- Team--}}
{{-- <select name="status" class="form-control" multiple>--}}
{{-- <option value="created">Created</option>--}}
{{-- <option value="active">Active</option>--}}
{{-- <option value="complete">Complete</option>--}}
{{-- </select>--}}
{{-- </div>--}}
<div class="col-lg-3">
Projects
<select name="projects[]" class="form-control" multiple>
@foreach(Auth::user()->projects()->orderBy('name','asc')->get() as $project)
<option value="{{$project->id}}">{{$project->name}}</option>
@endforeach
</select>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3">
Date Range
<input type="text" class="form-control mb-3" id="reportrange" name="reportrange" value="" style="background: #fff; cursor: pointer; padding: 5px 10px; border: 1px solid #ccc; width: 100%" />
<button type="submit" id="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Run Query</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
@foreach($userHours as $userHour)
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">
<h1>{{$userHour['user']->name}}</h1>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<div class="table-responsive">
<table class="table m-0">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Date</th>
<th>Time Spent</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Project</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
@foreach($userHour['hours'] as $hour)
<tr>
<td>{{$hour->worked_on}}</td>
<td>{{$hour->hours}}</td>
<td>{{$hour->description}}</td>
<td>{{$hour->project->name}}</td>
</tr>
@endforeach
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card-footer text-muted d-flex">
Total Time Spent: {{$userHour['total_hours']}}
<div class="ml-auto text-right">
</div>
</div>
</div>
@endforeach
@endsection
@push('scripts')
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
// $('#reportrange').data('daterangepicker').setStartDate('03/01/2014');
// $('#reportrange').data('daterangepicker').setEndDate('03/31/2014');
var start = '{{$start}}'; //moment().subtract(29, 'days');
var end ='{{$end}}'; //moment();
function cb(start, end) {
$('#reportrange span').html(start.format('MMMM D, YYYY') + ' - ' + end.format('MMMM D, YYYY'));
}
// $('#submit').click(function(){
// console.log(start.format('D MMMM YYYY') + ' - ' + end.format('D MMMM YYYY'));
// var dateRange = $('#reportrange').val();
// console.log(dateRange);
// });
// var form = document.getElementById('form');
// form.addEventListener('submit', function(event) {
// event.preventDefault();
// });
$('#reportrange').daterangepicker({
startDate: start,
endDate: end,
ranges: {
'Today': [moment(), moment()],
'Yesterday': [moment().subtract(1, 'days'), moment().subtract(1, 'days')],
'Last 7 Days': [moment().subtract(6, 'days'), moment()],
'Last 30 Days': [moment().subtract(29, 'days'), moment()],
'This Month': [moment().startOf('month'), moment().endOf('month')],
'Last Month': [moment().subtract(1, 'month').startOf('month'), moment().subtract(1, 'month').endOf('month')]
}
});
//cb(start, end);
});
</script>
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@push('styles')
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/daterangepicker/daterangepicker.css" />
@endpush
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The US wins the group; Costa Rica dives to a playoff; Maradona has the last laugh
… Quite thrilling for a tie, huh?
Yes, the United States got a goal from Jonathan Bornstein just about at the end of time to steal a point from Costa Rica last night at RFK Stadium in Washington. The point gave the US top honors in the CONCACAF 6-team qualification group, since Mexico failed to win at Trinidad & Tobago last night.
Perhaps more importantly, the late goal was a hammer blow for Costa Rica, for whom three points would have booked passage to next year’s World Cup in South Africa. Now, they must battle Uruguay home and away in the CONCACAF/CONMEBOL/Insert your acronym here playoff for one of the tournament’s last open spots. More on Uruguay in a moment.
While the US were lax defensively in the first half and that helped Costa Rica grab a 2-0 lead, I couldn’t complain too much about the attack – save for the final (and yes, most important) part, the finishing. Conor Casey and others had chances to put the US ahead early and failed, and then the second half was spent chasing the game, trying to rally from two down to avoid the country’s first home qualifier loss since 2001.
Bornstein’s header did that, some five minutes into stoppage time that Costa Rica mostly created for itself, with several players staying down for “injuries,” and CR coach Rene Simoes probably adding a bit to the time given with his running conversation to the fourth official (it was probably a pretty one-sided conversation, at that) which led to Simoes being sent off. He didn’t exactly leave quickly, despite DC’s finest giving him an entourage to the dugout.
Is a tie the best possible result? Certainly not. You want to win every home game and I’m sure there’s plenty for coach Bob Bradley to look at off this latest performance in beginning to determine what his team will look like when the World Cup begins in 8 months in South Africa.
But you also could have given the US every reason to fold up shop a bit last night down 2-1, playing with 10 since they had no substitutes and defender Oguchi Onyewu was out with an injury (which AC Milan isn’t happy about), and given the ominous cloud that overshadowed the game after the car accident that seriously injured Charlie Davies. Had the game ended 2-1, I don’t think too many people would have gone terribly nuts in their reaction. Though Mexican fans might have had some fun with winning the group.
I was most impressed by the efforts of the US in the final 10 minutes, though, and eventually it seemed as if the goal was certainly coming, it was just a matter of when. Credit to Bornstein – an oft criticized player who has appeared regularly during Bradley’s reign – for rising to the occasion.
Costa Rica, meanwhile, must find some way to rebuild their emotions and put this behind them to stand any chance vs. Uruguay, you’d think. Then again, it wasn’t as if Uruguay proved themselves to be powerhouses last night, either. Needing a win at home over a struggling Argentina team to advance, Uruguay failed to even nab a point. They were dealt a further blow when José Mart
13 thoughts on “The US wins the group; Costa Rica dives to a playoff; Maradona has the last laugh
1. I feel pretty ignorant in asking, so forgive me.
I keep reading the France-Ireland would be interesting. Why? Is there some sort of bad blood there that I’m unaware of?
2. FIFA changed the rules in the last few years (since the aftermath of the Owen injury) so that National FAs are required to compensate clubs for major injuries to players while on National Team duty. i.e., this is hardly breaking new ground.
3. Did you see the looks of utter despair and hopelessness on the Ticos players and coaches faces after the game? If they started the playoffs this Saturday, the Ticos would lose the two-legged playoff to Uruguay, because Uruguay has already beaten them mentally. The Ticos need to get that swag back.
4. This continues to be factually inaccurate but apparently isn’t preventing people from spewing it. The relevant authority is pg. 33 of the following FIFA document:…er_en_1210.pdf
This site should really have a disciplinary policy towards ignorant posts such as the one provided by andypalmer. If you aren’t familiar with the specific facts and circumstances of the topic please keep any conjecture to yourself.
5. Not really. I just think they would be two really interesting matches. I think France is the better side, but Ireland might be a more tricky opponent than they’d hope for in the playoffs.
6. Eire and France are historically friend countries; the French army helped a lot the Irish rebels against the British army, and if I recall correctly, the Irish flag is in honor to the French one
7. Thanks. I would have thought that at first, but I’ve seen quite a few people talk about how sweet France vs. Ireland would be.
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Regain is an ayurvedic mass gainer and has proven its efficiency many times, this ayurvedic suppliment is meant for people who are looking forward to gain some weight particularly muscle mass and has given unbelievable results to its users. People have gained about 4-6 kg of weight within 30 days(without any side-effects).
These are the ingredients of regain powder along with their description:
This herb is known to boost testosterone levels in men and it also increases fertility.Studies show that if healthy men takes about 750-1250mg of ashwagandha every day then their muscle mass is also known to increase in matter of 30 days . Ashwagandha also increases sperm count in men, a group of infertile men was treated with ashwagandha and all of them showed increase in sperm count and motility.
(asparagus racemosus)-This herb is known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it may even help to boost the immune system and this medicine is also known to be effective in treating ulcers.
Safed musli
This root is really good for under weight people, pulverized safed musli if advisable to be taken along with milk by malnourised and under weight people. Like ashwagandha Safed musli is also known to increse spermcount in men , safed musli also boosts testosterone and reduces fatigue and provides person with strength.
Kapur kachri(spiked ginger lilly)
It is basically used to treat breathing problems like asthma, also it is used to effective in the treatment of nausea, halitosis and increases appetite of the person.
giloy has several health benefits like it it acts as an immuno-booster ans promotes vitality in the person; it detoxifies the body of toxins; it increases metabolism and digestion due to which body is able to absorb nutrients from food more effeciently, it also good for sexual health, and man sexual and gut health is directly propotional to their efficiency of putting on muscle mass.
Bhumi amla
The extract of this plant is used to cure ‘hepatitis A‘ and ‘hepatitis B‘ and is also effective for a patient of jaundice. Over all it enhances liver performance and health of a person.
amla increases metabolic activity which in turn helps in gaining muscle mass, it also acts as an immunity booster, improves digestion, and reduces blood sugar.
shilajit shudh
shilajeet is a well known ayurvedic energy booster, and also increases testosterone level in men, which also helps fight fatigue and one can recover from workout even faster after consuming it, and shilajit is also known to help patients suffering from sterility.
Ayurveda 2021
From the days of Charaka Samhita to the Days of Indian Pharmacopoeia, not very much have changed since then. Healing and serving have always got hand in hands, no doubts about it. Ayurveda is that such potion, having ‘healing’ and ‘serving’ going hand in hand. People were diseased back then and so are now. And where there is life, there is a medical requirement necessary. This has been all the part of history since ages. People, troops, migrants, travelers have gathered all the information from time to time about the medical application of natural products without knowing the actual mechanism, obviously that wasn’t the easy task back then.
Talking about Indian culture and not talking about Ayurveda is like an incomplete India. The Vedas and puranas are our roots. These very roots like Rig veda and Atharva veda are found containing the medical knowledge. The knowledge in these manuscripts are found in the form of Shlokas. Rig veda consist the of 67 plants in 1028 shlokas while Atharva Veda and Yajur Veda consist of 293 and 81 medicinal plant description respectively. It is believed that the knowledge of healing was imparted when the World was first made by Lord Brahma (The Creator) which was then passed on to Agnivesha and then edited by Charaka leading to the formation of the revolutionary book in Ayurveda, Charaka Samhita. The belief of Ayurveda is that the whoke Universe is made up of 5 key elements: air, water, space, earth and fire, which further forms the 3 basic humors of human body in varying combinations; Vata dosha, Pitta dosha and Kapha dosha.
Indian tradition gifts us the best possible way of living, through the power of healing by Ayurveda. Ayurveda is not just limiting itself to the boundaries of India and Indian subcontinents but also to the west. Ayurveda is completely different from what perspective we hold. It isn’t just the study of some basic herbal formulation. Ayurveda is the science of holistic living, with the healed body and mind. Not only targeting the physical health but also to the mental health, also known as Bhootavidya (treatment of psychological disorder), with equal importance. The other 7 disciples of Ayurveda includes Kayachikitsa (internal medicine treatment), Kaumar Bhritya (pediatric treatment), Rasayana (study of geriatrics), Vajikarana (treatment through aphrodisiacs and eugenics), Shalya (surgical treatment), Shalakya (otorhinolaryngological and ophthalmological treatment), Agada Tantra (toxicological studies), which are altogether known as Ashtanga Ayurveda.
There is so much in our traditional knowledge which has been passed on from several ages either through verbal instructions or via proper writings. Without any side effects, treating the chronic diseases have always been the strength of this medicine, but we, the modern society needs the instant results even at the cost of severe adverse effects. We are detaching our roots from the knowledge and awareness of healing as we are passing forth in time, and there nothing we should be bragging about. It is really a sad fact, that we tend to believe blind-foldedly on the pernicious synthetic salts, consuming it on the regular basis thinking that we are reviving ourselves instead, we are just accumulating toxic metabolite of the synthetic drug which we have taken. All these drugs with the time keeps on piling up, specially in liver as it is the primary metabolic organ in our body, and then showing its adverse effects afterwards leading to more serious and prominent illness. Have you ever wondered than why from the past 10 years we have seen the rapid growth in the diseases like diabetes, pancreatitis, liver cancer, jaundice, etc. Someway or the other, these diseases are related to liver, which is latter manifested by the drug toxicity. Taking an example of very basic drug Paracetamol which is very significant OTC drug taken rapidly by the people across globe so frequently without knowing that its harmful metabolite NAPQ-I which is hepatotoxic remains in the liver for several hours. This very basic drug if can show so much potential to harm our body, think of the advanced drugs people are taking on daily basis for hypertension, diabetes, arrhythmia, arthritis, etc.
There is a huge difference in the approach of allopathic and Ayurvedic medicines. Ayurveda has evolved as a holistic system having an understanding of physiology enabling it to maintain and restore health with a few side effects and will focus rather on health, while allopathy whose analytic understanding of physiology leads mainly to suppression of symptoms with many side effects. Similarly, there is a great contribution of allopathy in the fields of emergency medicine, diagnostic techniques, and surgery where the existing practice of Ayurveda cannot compete. Thus, both systems have to complement each other in the benefit of ailing. Ayurveda requires more researches in the areas of fundamental principles and diagnostic tools in place of drug research. In the present scenario, the research methodology of Ayurveda is not good enough, which needs further advancements in the development and promotion of Ayurveda.
Accepting our roots and working on its better future is that one should focus on. Blindly following the regimen with the crowd doesn’t ensure your health security. Rather do research, get aware and spread this word. Ayurveda, the science which is hundreds of years old needs us, this generation of youth and future. There has not been any advancement in the field of ayurveda from last 70-50 yrs, it has not been explored to its full potential from such a long time, but it a worth noting fact that still Ayurveda holds the belief of many people, and these people have rejuvenated better than ever before. The delay and lack of exploration in Ayurveda is because of following reasons: First, the lack of proper research facility, infrastructure and institute which is precisely made for the Ayurveda. Second, thousands of students graduate every year in the discipline of Ayurveda but they choose either to practice or to teach, but not to lay hands on research. Third, lack of cooperation and willingness of Scientists who are often unduly skeptical and carry prejudice.
Ayurveda, such a strong science and philosophy now rely only in the hands of future. The role and contribution of each person in making the future of ayurveda can be contributed in the following ways.
Encouragement of research in Ayurveda fundamentals
Validation of Ayurvedic drugs with reverse pharmacology
Evidence-based benefits of traditional approaches
Encouragement of interdisciplinary research
Improvement in research facilities
Improvement in quality of herbal drugs
Active involvement of government
Development of Ayurvedic pharma sector
Upgradation of Ayurveda literature
Revalidation of clinical trials
Combination of Ayurveda and Western medicine
Resolution of controversies in Ayurvedic drug
Improvement in personalized medicine with modern technology
About Author
Asmita Upadhyay
(Medicinal & pharmaceutical chemistry)
Research intern at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai
corona and ayurveda
drugs in the trials.
entrapped by the microbe.
should be taking care of both.
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If You See A Dot On Someone's Palm, This Is What It Means
Published Tuesday, August 3, 2021
Communication is the telepathic bond that allows us to convey our thoughts and desires. And people are constantly looking for new ways to communicate. Sometimes people want to communicate in a more subtle way, though. Which is exactly what codes are for.
Most people think of codes as highly complex systems that require the effort of linguists or mathematicians to create and solve. However, a code can be as simple as a tiny black dot. Activists have launched a new campaign to make a tiny, black dot become a coded symbol for domestic abuse. The reasoning is simple.
Many domestic violence victims fear to speak out for fear that their violent partner might hurt them even more. This is even true at the hospital. An abusive partner might bring their boyfriend or girlfriend to the hospital for treatment of the injury they caused. Under the stern eye of their abusive partner, the victim might not share how they were injured.
A small, black dot on the hand is supposed to alert health care workers, police, and other public servants that the victim is in the presence of his or her abuser. It is a very clever idea. However, some people are skeptical of something so subtle catching on. They also worry that it could just cause more problems if the code were to become well known. What do you think? | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9724787473678588}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '17561', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:HHDRNXTZRSCRSNAKCSSC6Q3RRBBBOT7S', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:fd6ba200-c58c-4760-aec8-37e1a0621fbb>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 8, 3, 14, 4, 58), 'WARC-IP-Address': '54.147.38.190', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:2YFKDE7H45CGUQ5ZFIMZ35NX34IHDGSR', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:018785a5-5e86-41f9-bb9f-cc823188218e>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://gnd.com/if-you-see-a-dot-on-someones-palm-this-is-what-it-means.php', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:7016d3ea-3cdd-4006-9860-669b2331ab93>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '241', 'url': 'https://gnd.com/if-you-see-a-dot-on-someones-palm-this-is-what-it-means.php', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-31\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July/August 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-218.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.01900428533554077', 'original_id': '6d87a1fc30d7400d3953a495fd27fbb08351ad273ab6a8b957ec721762b0c12f'} |
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Arthur Brain
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• Sorry. Cleaned it up a bit. Thank you again. Kinley is really excited about the project, and this will be a highlight for her.
Of course ... though not surprised. How are you doing? It's been so long since I have conversed with you! :eek:
For Pete's sake empty your mail box. Had some good news to share without worrying about the gossip girls, but yours was full again.
Or if two people are willing to swear you were speeding you might get a good ol lashing. If one of them remembers it was a different car later everyone gets lashes. So...good for the whip industry at any rate. :plain:
Can't do it. Saw just enough to recognize what the thread was all about. It's an excuse for a handful to take out some frustration they can't lay out directly and for a few second rate rationalists to pile on. No substance to it or the worn excuses for proffers. I've set out the nature of the system before, the statistical and logical support for it as a great one, deficiencies notwithstanding. I've noted how the roles set out function to, collectively, serve justice, how the standards work and why the appellate system is both a virtue and necessity.
You can't reason with the unreasonable. They aren't listening. They're just counting the beats until they say the next idiotic thing.
Decided to not bother with Stripe's passive-aggressive, thinly veiled call-out thread. You and fool have it in hand anyway. :cheers:
Stripe is out there taking one for the team...of stalkers, again. Like having a younger brother determined to score any sort of point, or failing that to manage attention. I mean, if that younger brother had a significant deviation from the mean in a head injury sort of fashion. :plain: to talk football to, but I've rarely found anyone more willfully obtuse when it comes to managing plain facts and clear logic. I don't know how many times he kept repeating that not voting for Trump was de facto voting for Hillary, seemingly incapable of recognizing how easily that could be turned on its ear, even after I did that. :plain: :idunno:
And I always know when a right winger is out of gas. They bring out the "you liberal" crap, which gives my wife, an actual liberal, a good deal of amusement.
The last time she read an exchange she said, "You know, a monkey with head trauma would make more sense and fling less poo [okay, she didn't actually say poo]. Why are you still trying to teach them to use a fork?"
To which I responded, "Because everyone needs to learn how, if only to keep them from poking their eyes out with it...or someone else's."
Yeah. I gave him the first one that was just a mock nog bit. Figured it was a bored one-off and I posted around it. So the little fellow did it twice more. Then I reported the trollings and locked the thread. I thought his arrogance on the point after that, the last post of his in the thread spoke volumes about his inflated sense of cleverness, trying to flaunt what he'd just been told to lay off of by reproducing it under the guise of explanation.
So I stepped around it again. Hard for him to do much with it that won't look like what it already is and get him a thread ban. What a...doofus.
Now I see Stripe is, it's embarrassing to think how often I defended him as a decent guy with a hard head. His impulse control wouldn't impress a three year old...and his "look at me" stomp arounds are reminiscent of my last troll.
Kids. :eek:
You'd think that after the "racist" implosion he'd learn...well, no. No, there's no reason to really think that, is there? :plain:
Am I having fun? Imagine yourself having an argument of merit with someone skilled in rhetoric, rational in application of fundamental principles, and driven to produce meaningful discourse.
Seriously, imagine that. God knows I have to. :plain: :eek:
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can you summarise the hardware differences of all EDTrackers? How do they differ?
Last Updated 2 years ago
The following is chronologically how EDTracker has developed.
EDTracker DIY
EDTracker started off with a home-made solution that we call "DIY". This isn't something we cover in great detail here, as it's not something we sell commercially, but is an open-source approach allowing you to build your own EDTracker out of Arduino-style components. Full details are on Generally, the hardware uses a Sparkfun Pro Micro 16MHz Arduino clone along with an Invensense MPU-9150 or MPU-9250 breakout board.
EDTracker Pro (Revision 1)
The first Pro model makes use of a 32K 8-bit 16MHz Atmel microcontroller coupled with an MPU-6050 MEMS gyro sensor and an HMC magnetometer. This was sold as the wired model all the way through to October 2017. Revision 1 was only ever sold in wired-only configuration.
EDTracker Pro (Revision 2)
There is a small batch of Pro Wired models designated revision 2, that used a combined gyro/mag sensor (the MPU-9250) and dropped the HMC mag. This was only a small run, anticipating the discontinuation of the HMC mag. However, we moved to the Revision 3 design instead, so it wasn't a big batch run. It is functionally identical to the revision 1; it existed purely because supply of the HMC magnetometer was drying up. Revision 2 was only ever sold in wired-only configuration.
EDTracker Pro (Revision 3)
The revision 3 design started off as the wireless model, and moves to an Atmel ARM 32-bit microcontroller running at 48MHz, with much more flash memory (64+256K). It still uses the MPU-6050 MEMS gyro but with a new Memsic magnetometer. It also had additional capabilities necessary for the wireless side of things - intelligent charge control and a wireless transceiver.
A wired variant (essentially the same but without the battery and wireless aspects fitted to the board) was sold from October 1st 2017 onwards. As with previous revisions, the wired version is functionally identical to previous models, although we hope that the additional memory and processor capacity means we might be able to do more things in the firmware in the future.
External Appearance
All EDTracker Pro's use the same moulded plastic enclosure so are visually very similar. Early models were shipped without the EDTracker logo screen print but this was introduced later in the Revision 1 batch. Wireless models are easily spotted since they have an on/off switch sticking out of the side!
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Wednesday, 16 November 2011
SA denies Congolese albino gay man asylum
Charles Ngoy
By Paul Canning
A gay, albino Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) refugee has been refused asylum in South Africa in what advocates say is an increasing pattern of refusals for LGBT asylum seekers.
Charles Ngoy was refused asylum, in part, because Congo does not have a sodomy law due to its legacy as a Belgian and not British colony (although one has been proposed, reportedly directly inspired by the infamous Ugandan 'kill gays' bill. ).
However gay people in Congo suffer as in most of the rest of Africa from discrimination, rejection and harassment.
Albino people face discrimination and marginalization in their communities, according to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
“They have trouble getting work, in accessing adequate health care, in finding marriage partners and in entering education,” UNDP said.
“Albino children do not feel loved by their parents, brothers and sisters. Albino women are subject to discrimination from other women. Women who give birth to albino babies are often mocked or rejected.”
A report in June by the Research Directorate of the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRBC) said that, in general, society favours criminalizing “acts against nature.” Homosexuality is taboo in the DRC. There are no public places for homosexuals in the capital city of Kinshasa. It reported that:
“Discrimination against LGBTI individuals is widespread, and they are often rejected by their communities” and are subjected to threats, retaliation, insults and social exclusion.
Junior Mayema, a gay Congolese refugee in South Africa who was interviewed for South African TV recently, fled after his mother tried to inject him with gasoline. He was hunted, shunned and banished.
Charles told the South African eNews Channel:
"In DRC I have never been arrested for my sexual orientation but I've been discriminated against by Congolese people, by friends by family. Because of that, it is not an easy life. Also I'm facing double persecution because I'm an albino... in Congo, if you are albino, and you are not protected by your family it's very difficult because not everyone in Congo likes albinos."
David Von Durgsdorff of Refugee Rights advocacy group Passop said:
"The case of Charles is not the exception, it's the norm. We're seeing more and more cases like this."
"We are very worried about these developments. It makes it clear that the Department of Home Affairs is compromising the refugee status determination process and turning it into an accelerated refugee rejection process."
"Homosexual asylum-seekers from many parts of Africa who have legitimate claims for asylum are being rejected left, right and center. The current system is failing and needs to be improved urgently."
"The case of Charles represents a particularly blatant failure, because he faces a double persecution in Congo, being both albino and gay. We have helped him appeal the decision and will continue to follow this and other such cases closely."
Charles grew up and spent most of his life living in the capital of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kinshasa. His parents divorced when he was less than a year old. The main reason for the divorce was because his father’s mother had a problem with the colour of his skin – he was albino.
Growing up he did not have a family experience. He lived with his father most of the time during school, but did not feel loved by him. His father’s new wife did not accept him as part of the family and treated him horribly.
When Charles was nine he started developing gay feelings. These feelings grew stronger and during his teenage years he felt more and more drawn to intimacy with men. However, he was very careful to keep this secret, because he knew very well that in Congolese tradition being gay was unacceptable. For this reason he tried to suppress his sexual orientation, but it became too strong. When he was 18, he started having some small first relationships and boyfriends.
Despite these first few experiences, he was living in the shadows. He couldn’t share his secret with anyone. He was already constantly persecuted, vulnerable and afraid because he was an albino, and was trying hard to be accepted not just by society, but also by his family. Because of this fear of being further marginalised and persecuted he hid his homosexuality.
Hiding his homosexuality meant that he was constantly aware of how he walked, talked or what he did, and tried to suppress his natural character because of fear of being discovered.
"You can get beaten and out casted by society if it is discovered that you are gay" he says.
He had little choice but to keep his sexuality a secret. Nobody in his family knows he is gay, to this day.
Although he had a boyfriend and a job as a school administrator, he didn’t have peace or safety in his life. Realising that he would never be able to find peace in Congo, and hence could never be happy, he decided that leaving was the only way he could be happy.
He arrived in South Africa two weeks ago. It has been a tough two weeks for him. He applied for refugee status, but was rejected by a Department of Home Affairs official.
His first impressions are that people here also judge him for being albino, and he has sensed a similar homophobia. But at least there is safety and the necessary structures and laws exist that enable gays to live openly and not have to walk through life hiding their true identity.
Ngoy says he will appeal the decision.
HT: Matuba Mahlatjie
Enhanced by Zemanta
1. This is terrible. Justice and Asylum for Charles Ngoy!
2. Hi Paul,
My name is Robyn Perros, myself and my colleague are making a documentary on albinism in South Africa. We are looking to get in touch with Charles Ngoy to hear his story. Do you have any contacts details for him or know where he is now? Please email me if you get a chance, we would really appreciate the help.
Many thanks,
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Jails as warehouses
Jails as warehouses
By Cherelle M. Dessus
People often leave prison with few belongings and little money, says Spencer Lindsay, who was formerly incarcerated and is founder of Working Men of Christ Ministries (WMCM) in Wichita, Kansas. MCC Central States provides returning citizen care kits of hygiene supplies. Here, Lindsay places a kit in a home WMCM runs for people leaving incarceration. People want to change, but they need good ground to start from, he says. (MCC photo/Vada Snider)
Eighty-three percent of incarcerated people with mental illnesses do not receive the treatment they need while in prison. Prison guards are not trained to adequately support those with mental illnesses. Subsequently, mental conditions often worsen during incarceration.
Similarly, many people with drug addictions are sent to prison instead of receiving treatment at a rehabilitation center. Drug abuse has been shown to change the structure and functions of the brain, but rather than addressing this as a health issue, the U.S. criminal justice system responds harshly by imposing long prison sentences.
Prior to incarceration, the average person in prison has an annual income less than $20,000 while the average person in the United States makes more than $59,000. People in poverty frequently have less access to good employment, reliable transportation, safe neighborhoods and education, which greatly limits their options for moving out of poverty. Once someone encounters the criminal justice system, it is even more difficult to break the cycle.
Long sentences have contributed to the warehouse function of prisons. Many people spend long periods of time in jail for nonviolent crimes. During this time, access to educational programming and professional resources is often limited due to a lack of funding support.
As Christians, we are called to “speak out…and defend the rights of the poor and needy” (Proverbs 31:9). It is essential that we become educated about the criminal justice system and support alternatives to prison for people struggling with mental illnesses, drug addictions and poverty. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '69', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9671550393104552}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '41284', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:VAHIN56LH3DVBMSPL3OOLUU4VSWT2U2U', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:083e8f4d-e57d-4900-b111-051b234393cd>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 11, 14, 8, 26, 56), 'WARC-IP-Address': '107.180.3.45', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:PVIACQHUUBDQF7WS7AAI2VVRRJBRY3RE', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f8f0f964-b1ec-43c6-995c-68d28f1352dc>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://thirdway.com/jails-as-warehouses/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:894650a1-c668-49df-b1d6-ecf3b50ce2c8>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '414', 'url': 'http://thirdway.com/jails-as-warehouses/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-47\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for November 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-221.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.16 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.17492836713790894', 'original_id': 'eddaea46d25f8e1c2b4560a21e1ee4409ef6a69e5ffa7ff02b9ff921a6f70c4e'} |
Ugly public discourse and the future of truth
More and more these days, it seems those who follow the news have strong opinions on the tone of public debate, a topic that elicits as much discussion — perhaps more — than the actual news items we want to hear about.
Last week I wrote a column about a group of vocal citizens in Haywood County who have become regulars at the county commissioner meetings. Some have accused the group — or at least some of them — of being more interested in criticizing at all costs and giving their opinions rather than seeking information in hopes of bringing about positive change.
Agree or disagree with anything we’ve written about this particular group, but there’s little doubt that the tone of public discourse is a hot topic these days. Whether it’s TV’s talking heads or video footage of public meetings held in communities around the U.S., it seems traditional media, bloggers and everyone else is talking about the civility — or lack thereof — in our public discourse.
Remember Rep. Joe Wilson, the South Carolina congressman who shouted “You lie!” at President Obama during his nationally televised health care speech? That was in early September, and it capped off a summer of debate on health care that turned increasingly mean-spirited. Those public meetings made for good television. Watching the vitriol from some of these town hall meetings probably led to a windfall for all the television stations that broadcast them, but it would be hard to describe those events as reasonable public discourse.
Perhaps it’s our tame, ever-so-busy lives that make many appreciate the over-the-top political antics that are becoming so common. Or maybe it’s our ever-shrinking attention spans that lead many to appreciate feigned emotion and blustering rhetoric in the place of real intellectual debate or knowledge. Whatever the case, it’s a new era we are in.
Who knows where it will end. I suspect that if the traditional media that so many people love to hate — like newspapers, for example — become less and less as relevant sources for news, then the tone of debate will get increasingly negative and less knowledgeable. Say what you want, but most newspapers — and a few television broadcasters — work hard to maintain truth and integrity in their news reporting. We put opinions on the opinion page, and not in news stories. And we make our money by convincing readers that our stories correctly represent the issues we cover.
As more opinion and spin are passed off as news, our country and our society are headed for difficult times. Truth will get lost in the fog, and the number of people seeking the truth will diminish because they won’t know it when they see it.
Last week’s column did elicit many responses, including one in the Letters to the Editor section from the man who is challenging Sen. Joe Sam Queen. My favorite, though, came with these quotes, which address the issue at hand. Good stuff:
• “Democracy means government by the uneducated, while aristocracy means government by the badly educated,” from Gilbert Keith Chesterton (1874-1936), British journalist, novelist and poet.
• “It has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all those other forms that have been tried from time to time,” from Winston Churchill.
• And my favorite — “The right to be heard does not automatically include the right to be taken seriously,” from Hubert Humphrey.
•••
For more than 30 years, since I graduated from high school and left the Fayetteville area, I’ve been following from afar the efforts by the Lumbee Indians to win federal recognition. Recently that effort got a big boost when a bill recognizing the Lumbee and six other tribes in Virginia passed the Senate Indian Affairs Committee, and the Eastern Band of Cherokee aren’t happy about it.
The Lumbee live in the area along Interstate 95 in Lumberton in Robeson County, which is in southeastern North Carolina. All around the small towns of Pembroke, Red Springs, St. Pauls, and Fairmont are communities of Native Americans who have fought for recognition for more than a hundred years. Their efforts have been stymied by several key factors, including that they don’t have a language and they don’t have anything resembling a rich cultural history (as the Cherokee do) that is tied to the region in which they live.
Many say the Lumbee are a mix of different ethnic groups and not actual Native Americans. One theory says they are the related to the English settlers who disappeared as part of the Lost Colony on the state’s coast.
Back in March, EBCI Chief Michell Hicks told a House committee that, “The House of Representatives should not pass a bill that allows persons of questionable at best Indian ancestry to be acknowledged as an Indian tribe.”
Now that the Lumbee have gotten this far, we can expect to see the intra-tribal squabbling to heat up. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'ede29221cd0bd7f9f39708abf5c88b144fc5378538282ca10c353714eefe43d4'} |
A Stunning Garden with a Striking View
The challenge
The garden before work beganThe owners of this semi-detached house in Syston, Leicestershire were fortunate in that their house backed on to a beautiful country park. They were looking for landscape designers in the Leicestershire area who would be able to tackle a small garden design. As the homeowners were both retired, they confessed they wanted to spend less time working on their garden and more time sitting and enjoying the stunning outlook. Ideally, they wanted a low maintenance design that gave them a decent view and easy access to the park. The existing garden was a mixture of old square paving slabs and gravel with no real pathways. This was something we needed to address, as was the dilapidated state of the fencing surrounding the property.
The concept
New garden designFor a change, our designer looked at the far end of the garden first to decide how to open up the view, before devising a low maintenance plan for the rest of the garden. The fencing at the back of the house was in a state of disrepair and urgently needed replacing. Using this as a starting point, we constructed a new fence along the rear of the garden and fitted a secure gate leading out to the park. As the land sloped downwards from the house towards the park, we cut the side fence panels at an angle, so they worked with the gradient of the land and slanted down to meet the height of the back fence. Next, we laid natural sandstone paving with a feature circular pattern using grey rumble setts. This gave our clients an even patio area where they could sit and relax outdoors. The same sandstone paving was used to create steps down to the gate and to form a small semi-circular feature step outside the garage door. We used wooden trellising to act as a divider and rail between the patio and the new steps leading to the gate. A small bed was cut around the base of the trellis to accommodate a low-level planting scheme. Four gentle steps led down to a gravelled area where we constructed a raised bed from wooden sleepers. This provided our clients with a trough-style container where they could grow a mixture of plants to add visual interest to an underused spot.
The conclusion
A stunning garden with a striking viewOur compact, small garden design ticked all the boxes. The durable sandstone paving requires no maintenance and is hardwearing enough to stay looking pristine for years to come. Attention to detail with regards drainage, materials used and simplicity of design makes this a highly practical and functional yet still attractive garden. By incorporating a raised bed and the small bed under the trellis, we were able to give our clients enough space to grow a few favourite plants to add colour and interest. But the central feature of this garden is the view that lies beyond. Our foremost achievement was to fulfil our clients’ wishes by providing them with a relaxing and pleasant setting where they can enjoy the surrounding landscape.
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Tuesday, December 16, 2008
From the Private Diaries of Tristan Eldritch.
Tzadkiel and I have been spending an inordinate amount of time indoors of late, owing to a combination of the bitter cold, and an increasing fondness on both our parts for opium. Itching to engage in some field work, my familiar struck upon a novel notion. While visiting friends in San Francisco, Tzadkiel had been acquainted with several technopagans, and learned a particular spell whereby the astral body could be miniaturised, and transferred into a digital format. This allowed the cutting age magus to traverse the byways of cyberspace in something akin to the immersive, bodiless fashion envisioned by William Gibson in Neuromancer, and had facilitated all manner of ritual magicks hitherto unimagined, as well as opportunities for high end information hacking and minor credit card fraud. Though generally used for occult practises of the utmost gravity, when it was discovered that the astral body could be sent via email, a form of etheric tourism evolved which some have labelled astral back-packing. This practise, needless to say, is remarkably cost effective, albeit not without some degree of peril. Witness the tragic example of Sausalito local Peter Evans, goddess worshipper, part-time data entry clerk, and luckless exhauster of the arena of online dating. Peter’s astral body had been mistaken for spam in a cyber-café in Thailand, and promptly deleted to whatever chaotic limbo is the final resting place to all chain-letters, scams, and dubious purveyors of erection enhancing pharmacology and Rolex watches. God rest his soul, his curious tale is a timely warning to us all of the dangers inherent in adopting an avatar.
It was Tzadkiel’s conceit that we might utilise these techniques to embark upon a fieldtrip to Google Earth, in order to explore the recent rash of UFO sightings therein.
-Mebbe it’s all just glitches, or that pareidolia, but mebbe, just mebbe…..
Tzadkiel’s tobacco seared baritone trailed off.
My last escapade into the astral realm had been an unmitigated disaster. Back in 1976, I was the lead guitarist, lyricist, and occasional bassoon player with a Lovecraftian prog-rock group called the Great Old Ones. In January of ‘78, we scored an unlikely top 20 hit with the edited version of Cyclopean Masonry (Dripping with Slime.) (I have often suspected that this bizarre success was due to some illegal machination on the part of our manager Chas Hendricks; I always maintained that Chas was a dubious character, though in fairness, the sole reason for my suspicion was his popular and doubtless affectionate nickname “The Hoxton Nonce.”) We spent most of ’78 holed up in the notorious Cavendish Manner, situated near the picturesque village of Chenies, about twenty miles outside London. A mere three miles away stood the very cottage where the blind bard Milton completed his mighty theodicy Paradise Lost, and began its worthy appendage Paradise Regained. (The necessity for a sequel emerged when Milton showed Paradise Lost to a trusted acquaintance, and received the stern rebuke: “There is much here of Paradise Lost….but what of Paradise Regained?”) Cavendish Manor itself was a place of extraordinary architectural and historical interest, containing upon its grounds a white garden, a sunken garden, and an extensive Physic garden comprising an immense variety of esoteric plants and herbs; the obligatory underground passages, a reconstructed penitential maze, and even a reputed “Priest’s Hole.” (I must confess that to this day I have no precise idea what kind of thing a “Priest’s Hole” really is. However, when discovered skulking about the grounds of Cavendish Manor, it was old, infallible joke to say that one was looking for the “Priest’s Hole”! Magical times.)
If the Manor were a person gifted with the faculty of cognisance and the ability to lift a pen, then it could have written a vast summa of scarcely credible anecdotes, such were the wild debauches that took place upon its environs, and the palpable air of legendry that hung like a dank and alluring stench about the place. In the early sixties, due largely to the dissipation of its erstwhile master the 2nd Earl of Amersham, the Manor had fallen into the hands of an amusement arcade entrepreneur called Ronnie Brixton, and his then partner Chas Hendrix, a little known skiffle impresario and all-around dabbler in unlikely money making ventures. What the pair initially used the Manor for is unknown, though there is much talk and innuendo. However, around ’64 or ’65, when London began palpably to “Swing”, it was well-known in certain circles that Ronnie and Chas were throwing frenetic sex parties in their posh gaff in the countryside. These early orgies were illicit and incongruous affairs, where crooked property tycoons and psychotic underworld figures rubbed shoulders with minor pop stars, where secretaries and typists cooed over actors, and a steady stream of “birds” were eagerly pursued, some winsome and youthful in the then-popular style of Twiggy, others, encapsulating the style which I have always found to predominate at organised sex parties, middle-aged, robbed of all illusion, and Rubenesque in proportion. I have myself betimes taken much comfort in these fleshy and gregarious creatures.
A typical scene from Cavendish Manor. More Innocent times.
Where-ever the door is opened to pure sensation, its myriad forms soon follow in rapid succession. As the sixties progressed, Cavendish House became a kind of laboratory for the new hedonic technologies which were the printing press and telegraph- pole of that extraordinary decade. Soon the pungent aroma of marijuana became commonplace, and after that the befuddling sacrament of LSD. Black magicks of all kinds inevitably followed, and in its own strange macrocosmic way the Manor emulated the helter-skelter trajectory of the sixties to its own apocalyptic Altamont. Many believe that the events depicted in the 1970 film Performance were a mere fever dream of the counterculture; in actuality, they were directly based on shadowy events which occurred in the Manor in 1966. In September of that year, Brian Jones paid a two month visit, during which time he fell into the company of psychotic and charismatic hoodlum Chas “Bigs” Chandler. Other revellers described a peculiar symbiosis occurring between the virile thug and the androgynous mod: Chas wore a blood wig, and donned the imitable beads, stripes, and drainpipes of the Stone, while Jones took to wearing an undertaker’s suit, and speaking in the inelegant ergot of the working class hoodlum and fixer. It is suggested that they attempted astral projection, and Chandler stole Brian Jones’ body, strangling his own, which now contained Brian, and depositing the body in the elusive “Priest’s Hole.” Chandler was a marked man, having fled to the Manor to escape certain death at the hands of rival mobsters. Brian/Chas continued to play with the Stones for awhile, by virtue of the peculiar “memory” apparently possessed by the tissue and internal organs, as evidenced by various transplant recipients who have acquired miraculous musical talents. However, his abilities diminished fast; during the recording of You Can’t Always Get What you Want, Brian/Chas famously asked Jagger “What can I play?” to which Jagger responded “What can you play, Brain?”
In 1969, the 27 year old Stone was found dead at the bottom of his swimming pool at Cotchford Farm. The coroner said “death by misadventure”, others alleged suicide; those who had been at the Manor in 1966 whispered that the past of Chas “Bigs” Chandler has finally caught up with him. (In actuality, as unlikely as it may sound, the body-swapping of hardened London hoodlums and sixties pop icons was more common than you might imagine. Many say that Paul McCarthy was never quite the same after his visit to the Manor, also in 1966. Indeed, I have reason to believe, over and the above the extraordinary mediocrity of Wings, that the Paul is Dead hypothesis is much, much more than a pothead conspiracy theory.)
By the time the Great Old Ones descended on Cavendish Manor, it had been staging its particular brand of madness for well over ten years. Alongside those like ourselves who merely sojourned at Cavendish, a sizable community had gradually come to live permanently there. They had gone native, so to speak. They had reached such pitches of ecstasy and unreality that they could no longer return to the grey patina of daylight reality. Like emaciated, sleep-deprived Peter Pans, they had plunged deeper into the schizophrenic realms of unfettered debauchery. Like all such people, they could occasionally resemble sages and the initiates of some higher truth; for the most part, however, they were the very gibbering and inchoate handmaidens of Luna. The singer Bryan Ferry was among their number at that time; clad in trademark tuxedo, he was said to have wondered the maze for a whole month on end, warbling erotic songs about valkyries and mermaids.
Thoroughly inoculated from the reproach of reason, the regulars had come to believe virtually every outré conjecture one could possibly entertain about an old house: that whole family trees were interred within its walls; that a myriad of ghosts walked its corridors, with the endless repetition of anachronistic habit and gesture which such creatures are said to possess; that a race of diminutive humans lived like mice in its nooks and crannies, staging daring midnight raids to steal victuals, and sometimes befriending imaginative little girls; that the very house itself possessed a soul, and the physical decay of the building mirrored the dissipation and decrepitude of their own spirits. I must confess that their madness was contagious. I myself witnessed the somnambulant peregrination of ghosts, and fancied they saw me also, perhaps as an exotic spectre impinging upon their own time. I conversed with the diminutive humans, and found them amiable in the main, albeit prone to prankishness, and a certain insular mentality, rather like the gypsies.
To be continued.
The Great Old Ones freak out the squares at Cavendish Manor:
Thursday, December 4, 2008
The Country of Paradoxes: The Cautionary Tale of Paul Bennewitz.
One of the preeminent cultural legacies of the Cold War in America was a rich mythology of secrecy and paranoia. Some of these myths have grown inextricably entangled with their embellishments, and reside in a slippery, ambiguous country akin to the fluctuations of the quantum; others possess bare historical bones stranger than most fictions. With their majestic, haunted skies and arid, lonely plains, the deserts of New Mexico are the heartland of high strangeness in America, and the cradle of so many of these myths. In 1945, surveying the detonation of the first nuclear bomb over what is now the White Sands Missile Range, Oppenheimer famously laid a potent hex on the twentieth century with his citation of the Bhagavad-Gita: “If the radiance of a thousand suns were to burst at once into the skies, that would be like to the splendor of the mighty one. Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds.” Also that year, Project Paperclip began its importation of German rocket scientists to continue their research at Fort Bliss and White Sands; according to popular conspiracy lore, they brought with them the prototype for a bell-shaped anti-gravity craft called Die Glocke.
In 1947, the Roswell region of New Mexico witnessed what is either the most significant event in the history of the world, or the most elaborate and persistent Chinese whisper ever to whip through the earlobes of time. In the height of the Flying Disk epidemic of that year, farmer “Mac” Brazel found some unusual debris scattered about the homestead where he was foreman, and eventually “whispered kinda confidential like” to the local sheriff that he might have found a crashed saucer. Legendary Texan conspiracy guru Jim Marrs, linking the Roswell incident to the earlier detonation of the Atomic bomb at Los Alamos, pithily suggested that the extraterrestrials came to New Mexico at that time because “the kids had just found the matches!”
The truth of what happened in Roswell is now thoroughly lost in a sea of claim and counter-claim, bitterly entrenched debate between its adherents and debunkers, unconvincing military obscuration, profiteering, mythologizing, and time. To socio-cultural historians and eager pop-culture poachers alike, the objective truth remains infinitely less important than the extraordinary corpus of legendry Roswell has engraved upon the modern subconscious: the idea of crashed disks, retrieved debris, back-engineered ET technology, alien bodies and autopsies, and, perhaps most significantly, the dark military cover-up which researcher Stanton Friedman, exhibiting a certain genius of inevitability, has labeled “the cosmic Watergate.”
Whatever the true nature of the black magic Oppenheimer and the Manhattan Project unleashed upon the New Mexico desert in ’45, the region remains haunted to this day, and continues to be a focal point for the weirdest manifestations of hidden Americana: the seemingly entwined worlds of secret weapons testing, UFO’s, cattle mutilations, and alien abductions. During the 1980’s, a myth emerged of an underground facility in Dulce, New Mexico, which combined all these nefarious and unlikely activities under one very secretive roof. The true origin of the Dulce base conspiracy theory is in itself a dark, shadowy, and disturbing tale, which highlights the murky operation of disinformation.
Disinformation differs from regular propaganda, in that it is a far more subtle and underhand method of disseminating untruths. Propaganda, to a large degree, doesn’t hide its origins, and spreads itself through official channels. Disinformation, on the other hand, possesses a more fiendish ingenuity. Its method is to persuade certain groups that they have come upon privileged information which would otherwise be hidden, and thus turn the would-be truth seekers themselves into unwitting propagandists. The purpose of this activity is either to discredit those who had come too close to the truth, or to distract attention altogether from the reality of a particular situation. Since disinformation sometimes contains partial truths, it generally winds up producing endless Moebius strips of uncertainty: if a government openly acknowledges disinformation, does that constitute a further act of disinformation, thus rendering the initial information potentially true, and so on.
The extent to which the UFO mystery has been mired in disinformation is something which can probably never be accurately gauged. However, in 1955, the CIA started using the then-secret Lockheed U2 high-altitude airplane to perform “overflights” over Russia in order to take aerial photography. Memos from the period prove that the CIA quickly realized the efficiency of fomenting belief in extraterrestrial UFO’s as a cover for their own aerial espionage projects. From this period onwards, the history of the UFO becomes inextricably bound up with the history of secret aeronautics and black budget military technology. While explicit examples of disinformation are difficult to find, the story of Paul Bennewitz is a disturbing example of the occasional ramifications of such strategies.
Paul Bennewitz was an apparently gifted physics postgraduate and inventor who ran a small electronics company called Thunder Scientific Corporation in Albuquerque, New Mexico, which provided the nearby Kirtland Airforce Base with high-altitude testing equipment. Bennewitz was also an avid UFO buff, acting as a part-time investigator for the Arizona based APRO (Aerial Phenomenon Research Organization.) Bennewitz’ journey into the bowels of the Chapel Perilous began in 1979, when he and some friends began to witness strange lights in the sky over the Monzano Test Range outside Albuquerque.
While carefully cataloguing and filming the unusual lights, which, in one of the many strange twists in the case, were apparently genuinely anomalous, Bennewitz encountered the psychologist and ufologist Dr. Leo Sprinkle. Sprinkle was one of the first academic figures to openly study the alien abduction phenomenon, and a pioneer in the highly controversial use of hypnosis to restore the memories of abductee encounters. In 1980, a patient of Sprinkle’s named Myrna Hanson claimed that she and her son had been abducted while driving home near a cow pasture at Cimarron. Under hypnosis, Hansen claimed to see two white clad figures emerge from a UFO, and mutilate several cows with an 18-inch knife. Later, she and her son were kidnapped, and taken onboard different crafts, where they were subject to the obligatory examination, and given the obligatory implants. Hanson only escaped after being taken to an underground desert facility where she witnessed more severe cruelty being perpetuated against cows, and row upon row of liquid vats containing human and animal body parts.
Bennewitz believed Hanson’s story, and become utterly convinced that the cattle mutilations and underground facility must be connected to the lights he had been filming over the Monzano Test Range. The story continued to take stranger and stranger turns. Bennewitz built a series of low-frequency electromagnetic antennas, and became convinced he was receiving signals from the alien space crafts. He even subsequently developed a computer program which he believed could translate these signals, and gave his mission to thwart the aliens the grandiose title of Project Beta. Understandably alarmed, he then attempted to alert both the media and the military.
Bill Moore was the head of APRO in 1980. As the co-author of one of the very first books exploring the Roswell incident, Moore was a well established figure in UFO circles. According to Moore, “In early September, 1980 I was approached by a well-placed individual within the intelligence community who claimed to be directly connected to a high level project dealing with UFO’s. This individual told me that he spoke for a small group of similar individuals who were uncomfortable with the governments continued cover-up of the truth, and indicated that he and his group would like to help me with my research in this subject in the hope and expectation that I might be able to help them to change the prevailing policy and get the truth out to the public without breaking any laws in the process. The man who acted as liaison between this group and myself was an Airforce Office of Special Investigations agent named Richard Doty. I knew I was being recruited, but at that point I had no idea for what.” As it turns out, Moore had been enlisted to spread disinformation.
Here we find ourselves in thoroughly ambiguous territory. For the purposes of security and anonymity, Moore and his associate Jaime Shandera named this high level group the Aviary, giving each member a bird codename. According to Shandera: “We wanted the information, but didn’t want to reveal where we got our clues. To maintain anonymity, I give Bill’s source the codename “Falcon”, the next source we used was called “Condor” and so on, until we had 24 contacts from all levels of government. It was my idea to use bird names.” Shandera continued to give a brief description of individual members, in the same irresistible mixture of All the Presidents Men and the X-Files: “Hawk is a person well-connected in areas of study in ESP since the sixties, with impressive credentials. Blue Jay is person close to the President of the United States, capable of checking on information to determine its reliability. Partridge is a scientist privy to UFO information collected by the government. Chickadee is well-placed in the Pentagon and versed in scientific study. Heron is enigmatic and puzzling, he seems to speak in riddles…” What exactly was going on here? It may be that the group’s intentions were as Moore describes them, but why then was he encouraged to spread disinformation? Were Moore and Shandera merely dupes, actually being feed disinformation as a payment for spreading more disinformation? Or was Moore simply a straight-up disinfo agent from the beginning? The world of disinformation is akin the paradox of the liar extended to Escherian dimensions; when Moore eventually confessed his sins to the 35th Annual MUFON (Mutual UFO Network) Symposium in Los Vegas, he warned them that his information would be a mixture of true information and disinformation, for that was how the government worked, even in dealing with him.
The victim in all this, however, was the hapless and tragic Paul Bennewitz. Its now acknowledged that Bill Moore and Richard Doty subjected him to a sustained disinformation program. Rather than divest him of his delusions, the pair proceeded to feed him evidence with validated and intensified his suspicions. Sections of his notes reveal his increasing paranoia and panic: “Established constant direct contact with the alien….aliens on the ground in electro statically supported vehicles….charging beam weapons. The aliens are picking up and “cutting” people every night….whether all implants are totally effective I cannot predict…..Conservatively I would estimate that at least 300,000 people have been implanted in the US….at least 2 million worldwide….”At the same time, his conception of the aliens at Dulce base were acquiring the complexity of a personal mythology: “Their body metabolism is very high, estimated at 110 to 115 degrees. Elimination is through osmosis. Skin color of the ruling echelon varies from a jaundiced yellow or white. No hair of any kind. Their arms are long – near to knee level. They have very long hands and fingers. All of them look underfed. They have big heads and eyes. The humanoid types are generally light green. When in need of formula or dead they turn GREY. Many in this culture walk with a limp or shuffle their feet…”
Fearing the intrusion of his home by threatening energy balls, Bennewitz constantly surrounded himself with knifes and guns. Inevitably, he suffered a complete physical and nervous breakdown, and was finally placed in institutional care, and released from the quixotic courage and rigors of Project Beta.
The Dulce base and variations of it have gone into popular and conspiracy lore. In the 1990’s, the X-Files brought these kinds of ideas to Simpsons-levels of cultural dispersal, and made conspiracies the widespread fan-boy pastime they continue to be today. It is amusing to speculate that some of these florid scenarios may have originated in the imaginations of Airforce Intelligence spooks. Bennewitz died in 2005, a largely unknown victim of the extreme callousness of the National Security apparatus. Many, including Richard Doty, claim he never stopped believing in the alien threat revealed by Project Beta.
Monday, December 1, 2008
A Quick Word from Our Sponsers: Dan Akroyd and the Good People of Crystal Head Vodka.
Postscript. As well as being a renowned comedian, Dan Akroyd is also noted as a keen ufologist, and is rumoured to have recently procured the only existing video footage of the infamous O'Hare Airport UFO Incident. While reading 2012 Diaries, why not enjoy the smooth, triple-filtered flavour of Crystal Head, garanteed to increase your spiritual acquity as the Mayan Endtimes draw ever closer!
Tuesday, November 25, 2008
From the Private Diaries of Tristan Eldritch.
I must first introduce Tzadkiel, who has been the inveterate companion and accomplice to all my strange doings. Tzadkiel is a familiar who has been given the form of a black cat. As is the way with such creatures, he possesses an intelligence far exceeding that of mortals, and as such an insight which sometimes renders his utterances eerie and gnomic. However, his voice is akin to that of the actor Ernest Borgnine, and his manner generally gregarious and unpretentious. He is a well-known raconteur in several of Dublin’s early houses, the sorry denizens of those hellish places regarding him as little more than a phantasm of their patron Lady Delirium Tremen. When out and about, he is normally attired in a miniature Victorian coachman’s cape, which melds seamlessly with his sleek coat. He is also a keen smoker of the pipe. In all other respects, I should add, he resembles a normal cat.
Tzadkiel acquired his fondness for the gentleman’s chimney many years ago, when some adventure or another brought us to an isolated village in Czechoslovakia called Crezna. In this strange, misty hamlet, the locals regarded cats with a superstitious awe, believing that both the success of their crops and the menstrual cycle of their women were inextricably linked to the disposition of the local feline population. Having thus elevated their cats to semi-divine status, they sought to win their favor via the provision of luxuriant rugs, silk cat-sized dressing gowns, specially designed cat pipes, bowls of brandy, and all manner of indulgences scarcely fit for human beings. Never have I arrived upon such a prodigiously odd vista: the square of Crezna, shrouded in mists and the eldritch rumor of vampires and supernatural miscegenation, denuded of all human life; but a veritable symposium of decadent, gout-ridden cats lay supine upon Arabic rugs, purring in unison, and blowing philosophical wisps of fine shag into the mist. I almost lost Tzadkiel to that strange Czechoslovakian village; but he was eventually prevailed upon to leave, having acquired his trademark pipe, along with a selection of specially tailored fashion items.
Were their existence ever to become common knowledge, the familiar would leave Mr. Darwin’s quaint Shangri-La of evolution in dire need of refurbishment. Little is really known for certain of these anomalous creatures. Some avow that they are ancient, endlessly transmigrated souls, buoyed about the Bardo realms by vast and inscrutable bureaucracies of the cosmic realm, destined to be all things at some time or other, until they finally wind up as sentient spoons, who content themselves in their dotage by playing occasional pranks upon individuals of the Uri Gellar persuasion. Others avow that they are the very handmaidens of Satan, set upon this earth to goad His unwary ministers ever deeper into the quicksand of perdition; others still, that they are but the amiable psychosis of their mortal companions. Perhaps they are all these things, and other, queerer forms yet, which we can scarcely imagine. Perhaps we are all a multiplicity, an infinity, of wildly differing forms, marooned in this squat cell of solitary selfhood only via the jealousy of some demiurgic demon, or the sultry forgetfulness of some Lethean stream. It may that these things will be revealed, in 2012.
I encountered Tzadkiel for the first time in the magical summer of 1974, when I had gotten myself embroiled in something called the Avebury Initiates of Horus. We started out as a rather racy clique at Oxford: a plucky, ambitious young gang of magicians, dowsers, and ufologists, united by our love of the esoteric. We spent the summer of ’74 camped about the ancient stones of Wiltshire, having convinced ourselves beyond all reasonable doubt that the stones were beacons for UFO’s, and the UFO’s themselves the sure harbinger of the Aeon of Horus. God, those were truly magical times, before the Avebury Initiates began to splinter into bitter factions of Blavatskyites and Crowleyites. Before things went bad…….Anyway, it was the night of the ’74 solstice, and the stones hummed like the engine of some etheric sports car. We were in the deep trance of a psilocybin Morris Dance, when I suddenly registered a vague shape coalescing in the mist between the stones. It was the outline of a black cat. The cat’s yellow, delicately curved eyes burned like leprous suns over the mausoleum cities of some long dead planet. Then one of them winked, and I heard a broad, husky voice:
-Hey buddy. Wanna solve the Riddle of the the Ages?
Tzadkiel cocked his head, and scurried into the darkness. I left the others, and followed him. I follow him still.
Tristan Eldritch, Jeffrey Jasper-Johns, and Lady Hazel Pusey: The Avebury Initiates at Oxford, 1970
Monday, November 24, 2008
From One Newspaper Man to Another: A Sincere Apology to Walter Cronkite.
Tristan Eldritch: Remorseful, yet still sexy.
Walter Cronkite: Still Alive.
In my recent haste to expose the nefarious activities of the Bohemian Club, I allowed an appalling lapse to occur in my normally stringent standards of investigative journalism. Worse than that, and to my eternal shame, I have committed a calumny upon a personal idol, and an individual who has come to be regarded as the “most trusted man in America.” I will draw your attention to following regrettable line from a recent post: “The owl statue is hollowed out, containing electrical and audio equipment within, and is thus rigged to “speak” with the voice of the late, legendary anchorman Walter Cronkite.”
I have since been contacted by several close friends and associates of Mr. Cronkite, also avid readers of 2012 Diaries, who were understandably disturbed by the imputation in my article that 1.) Mr. Cronkite is no longer alive, and 2.) Mr. Cronkite was involved, while still living, in a ritualistic Masonic conspiracy aimed in some obscure fashion at the domination of global events. Well, what can I say? A cursory glance at Wikipedia has revealed that yes, Walter Cronkite is certainly alive and well. Indeed Walt, as you survey a lifetime of sterling achievement in our noble profession, a career that traverses the byways of contemporary history like a network of rich veins about the circumference of a human body, you are indeed more alive now than many of us could hope to be at the very apex of our pomp.
And you know what, Walt? As one ink-spattered copy-hound to another, I’m sorry. I’m awful goddamn sorry. I’m sorry in the kind of old-fashioned, man to man way that only old Pop Hemingway might have been sorry. This comes down to the h-word. You know what I mean. They say that women cry about any old thing, but men, real men mind, will only shed tears when honor has been breached. And that’s what happened here. This generation that’s coming up now, they just want to preen their mugs on Fox or CNN, or go chase after Britney’s ambulance. They’re more concerned about white teeth and celebrity status than the old fashioned who, what, where, and why that is the lifeblood of our business. But you and I, Walt, we belong to the old guard. The guys who never slept, who built up their stories brick by brick, who went through marriages like other guys went through sports jackets and old Jalopies, just for that rare, magical moment when a bunch of ordinary voters could sit with their feet up in places called Nicks and read a little bit about what’s happening in the world today. That’s why I’m particularly upset by this. I jumped the gun. I assumed that a historical Colossus such as yourself, a man as illustrious and legendary as Walter Cronkite, simply couldn’t reside in the same quotidian realm as the rest of us hacks. Hell, I thought Karlheinz Stockhausen, god rest him, was long dead when he came out with that communistic bullshit about 9/11.
Anyway, Walt, as you sit at the controls of your giant owl, gazing at a panel of screens which show the nefarious schemes of your cabalistic brethren coming ever closer to fruition, I hope you will not look too harshly on Tristan Eldritch, a news man like yourself, who erred in the brisk chase of that lithesome and fleet gazelle Truth.
Sorry is the hardest word…..Tristan Eldritch escapes into the night, after another daring raid on Fortress Truth.
Wednesday, November 19, 2008
The Country of Paradoxes.
In the popular culture of our secular age, the gods, demigods, fairies and gnomes of the old mythic realm have returned as extraterrestrials.
Daniel Pinchbeck.
Call me Einstein or Flash Gordon or just a screwball, I’m absolutely certain of what I saw!
Kenneth Arnold.
Whatever Arnold did see, his credibility as a witness lead to a massive surge in the reporting of UFO sightings. Some 850 were reported in 1947, with the number peaking in the month following Arnold’s encounter. The most logical and reductive explanation for the “flap” of ’47 is that a variety of unrelated anomalies and misapprehensions were transformed by the subtle dynamics of mass delusion into a palpable alien invasion. Mass delusion is a controversial and little understood phenomenon. It may be that the dilution of individuality required for the formation of cohesive societies occasionally breeds freak excesses and the production of certain collective reveries. Mass delusion of this kind tends to arise via the adoption of a particular interpretative bias, but the seemingly viral transmission of this bias remains mysterious, particularly in the earlier, less entangled and noospherical manifestations of the Global Village.
One of the most bizarre cases of this kind occurred in Washington in 1954, when a series of tiny dents and dings began to appear in the windscreens of cars in the northwestern town of Bellingham in late march. The small size of the dents lead the local police to suspect a gang of vandals armed with buckshot or ball bearings. Within a week, the mysterious nicks and dents had spread 25 miles south to Sedro Woolley and Mount Vernon, and from there to the town of Anacortes on Fidalgo Island by April. The dents arrived suddenly in Anacortes on the morning of April 13, and the local law enforcement sprang into action, setting up a roadblock at Deception Pass Bridge. (Actually getting to say the line “Set up a roadblock at Deception Pass Bridge!” must be a reward in itself.) The culprits remained at large.
When the phenomenon hit Seattle, all hell broke loose. Windshield pitting reached epidemic proportions, operating at such a scale that the work of hooligans now had to be ruled out. Various theories were proposed, ranging from radioactivity caused by recent H-Bomb tests on the South Pacific, to cosmic rays, to the effect of electronic oscillations from a nearby million-watt radio transmitter. In the end, a team of scientists appointed by the president resolved that the dents were merely a normal by-product of use, and the dings, similarly, were the product of tiny coal dust particles which had been blowing in the Washington area for years; people simply hadn’t noticed them before.
In his article about the Seattle Windshield Pitting Epidemic of 1954, Alan J. Stein isolates the key components of such incidences of mass delusion: “ambiguity, the spreading of rumors and false but plausible beliefs, mass media influence, recent geo-political beliefs, and the reinforcement of false beliefs by authority figures.” If the 1947 UFO flap, and the phenomenon in general, constitutes such a mass delusion evolving on a global and historical scale, then it could hardly be said to have possessed what most people would regard as a “plausible” belief at its base. In actuality, it had something far more potent: a popular fictional template which was in the process of acquiring the status of a myth or archetype. Myths and archetypes are something of an entirely different order to standard fictions. Standard fictions vary in form from forgettable novels and plays to the domain of most political speeches, excuses, and all conversations engaged at the behest of necessity and politeness. They are creations of reason and calculation. Myths, on the other hand, arise out of some kind of psychical need, as dreams emerge from scattered fragments of waking recollection; they embody a plurality of meaning, and express a relationship with the world; in doing these things, they acquire a firm lodging in the subconscious, and a certain irrational power which out-weights their physical implausibility.
In literatures and folk traditions throughout history, otherworldly and miraculous creatures have intervened in the lives of men in a variety of ways. They have enlightened some, abducted others; some they set aside for prodigious destinies, while others were merely subject to childish and inscrutable pranks. In the modern, secular world, aliens provided a compromise between the scientific, post-Copernican world, and the seemingly perennial, mythical longing for contact with a secret world of non-human intelligences. They were, from the beginning, an unlikely hybrid of technological futurism and the irrational realm of the supernatural. The first major chronicle of alien invasion was H.G. Wells’ The War of the Worlds, published in 1898:
“No one would have believed in the last years of the nineteenth century that this world was being watched keenly and closely by intelligences greater than man’s and yet as mortal as his own; that as men busied themselves about their various concerns they were scrutinized and studied, perhaps as narrowly as a man with a microscope might scrutinize the transient creatures that swarm and multiply in a drop of water. Yet across the gulf of space, minds that are to our minds as ours are to those of the beasts that perish, intellects vast and cool and unsympathetic, regarded this earth with envious eyes, and slowly and surely drew their plans against us.”
In the twenties and thirties, pulp magazines such as Amazing Stories and Astounding Science Fiction kicked Wells clinical alien intelligences into a variety of garish forms, creating an indelible iconography of monsters from outer space. Again, these creatures represented a hybridization of technological advancement with much older fears of mythical beasts and demons of both inner and outer space, often reiterating anxieties projected onto racial “aliens”: savagery, inscrutability, and a seemingly insatiable desire to steal our women.
It was this mythical stream that feed into the flying disks panic of 1947. It is a reductive mistake, however, to regard the phenomenon simply as a mass delusion fueled by pulp fiction. There were strange things happening in the skies in the late forties and fifties, things strange enough to warrant the serious attention of the president and the military establishment. The UFO belief has evolved as a constant and subtle cross-fertilization between popular culture and shadowy, real events. In this fashion, it has acquired a weirdly anomalous and paradoxical character, a blurry ontological status that seems neither entirely true nor false. The French astrophysicist and ufologist Jacques Vallee describes the UFO as belonging to “the domain of the in-between, the unproven and the unprovable…..the country of paradoxes, strangely furnished with material “proofs,” sometimes seemingly unimpeachable, but always ultimately insufficient….This absolutely confusing (and manifestly misleading) aspect may well be the phenomenon’s most basic characteristic.”
Monday, November 17, 2008
More from the Grove.
I first came across the Grove on this following video, posted by the youtuber called rockislerecords. Resident of Providence, Rhode Island, devotee of David Icke, and self professed "lighting rod" for UFO sightings, rockislerecords is an unsung legend in the arid wastes of youtube. I'll soon be posting some of his Pulitzer-worthy ufo films, but for the moment, here is a slice of Grove/Illuminati paranoia, scored to some catchy and strident nu-metal.
Sunday, November 16, 2008
“Weaving Spiders Come Not Here”: The Utterly Strange (and True) Tale of the Bohemian Grove.
“Nothing can exceed the solemnity and the stillness of the redwood groves of California, unless it be the great eucalyptus forests of Australia. The song of the birds is seldom heard in these quiet isles, and even the smaller animals do not appear to haunt the groves.”
June 25, 1889, New York Times, Bohemia in California.”
“Did you say the Bohemian Club? That’s where all those rich Republicans go up and stand naked against redwood trees, right? I’ve never been to the Bohemian Club, but you oughta go. It’d be good for you. You’d get some fresh air.”
Bill Clinton, to a heckler in 2007.
This has to be one of the most jaw-droppingly surreal things I have ever heard of. I don’t believe in massive conspiracies and All-Powerful Secret Societies, but…….. (more whirring of Theremins) in San Francisco in 1872, a small group of journalists formed a private club at the Astor Hotel on Sacramento Street called the Bohemian Club. The original members were basically learned, monied men who felt a certain disdain for what they perceived as the plebian character of post gold-rush Californian culture. They longed for the gravitas of the Old World, and the daring excitements of the fashionable European capitals, and modeled themselves after a similarly erudite group in New York called the Century Club. They choose the owl as their symbol, and Shakespeare’s line from A Midsummer Night’s Dream: “Weaving Spiders Come Not Here” as their motto.
It seems that initially, the club was more or less true to its name, and membership was based around considerable wealth, artistic talent, and intellectual prowess. However, from the very beginning, the Club’s Eurocentric pretensions dwindled fast, and the interests of commercial and political power came increasingly to the fore. Slowly, it evolved into a highly secretive, all-male club whose membership history is a staggering role-call of the American military, political, and media elite; every Republican president since Calvin Coolidge has been a member of the Bohemian Club. In 1878, several dozen Bohemians took to the secluded redwood forests of Sonoma Country, some 75 miles outside San Francisco, for a private revelry which they called the “Jinks”. The New Times article of 1889 describes the Redwoods thus: “In this grove, the trees stand so thick together that at midday the sunlight filters through only dim rays. The trees are not so large as in many other parts of the timber belt of this state, but they are extremely graceful, rising like Greek columns to a height of 200 to 300 feet. The peculiarity of the redwood is the absence of all branches for the first 50 to 100 feet. Then the upper foliage has a delicate, feathery appearance that distinguishes the tree from the pine, hemlock, or cedar. The green of the foliage is the darkest shade known in nature, and the balsamic odors are more pronounced than that of the pine. The mazes of dark foliage come out strongly against the cloudless blue of the sky, producing effects which few Californian painters have been able to faithfully reproduce, though many have attempted the task.” Something in those forests captured the imagination of the Bohemians, and the “Jinks” of 1878 marked the beginning of an increasingly elaborate and utterly bizarre tradition which continues to this day.
In 1899, the Club bought a 160 acre piece of land in the Sequoia Valley; it was the first of 26 such purchases spread over a 67 year period. Today, they own 2, 712 acres. Guarded like a virtual Fort Knox, containing facilitates to lavishly camp about two thousand people, it is called the Bohemian Grove, and its annual summer camp for the powerful male elites of America and the world have become the stuff of conspiracy legend. In mid-July every year, the Grove holds a three week encampment for some of the most powerful men in the world. (The injunction against the presence of women is absolute, extended even to staffing.) The initiation fee is 25, 000 dollars, plus yearly membership dues, and the waiting list for membership is believed to stretch from 15 to 20 years. Though shrouded in secrecy, we have a good idea of the bulk of what transpires during this three week period. It is best described as a mixture of the American summer camp and the classical Greek symposium. The influence of Greek paganism is quite pronounced, with a series of Grove Plays being enacted, including a more grandiose variety which are called the “High Jinks”, and a more frivolous form of musical comedy called “Low Jinks.” Those productions are said to boast quite elaborate sets, costumes, and pyrotechnics, and naturally must have recourse, like the dramas of Greece and Elizabethan England, to transvestitism for the female roles.
Weird Scenes inside the Grove.
President Herbert Hoover once called the Grove “the greatest man’s party on earth” , and it seems that a great deal of unfettered male revelry goes on. The elites are said to enjoy the freedom of excessive outdoor drinking, urinating, and apparently even a fairly high percentage of homosexual shenanigans, under the shadow of those towering redwoods. (Nixon, with typical charm, labeled the event “very faggy” in private conversation, adding “I wouldn’t shake hands with half those people in San Francisco.”) This, in essence, is how the Bohemian Grove sells itself to the world: as an extravagant, harmless blow-out for the leaders of the free world. The Club motto “Weaving Spiders Come Not Here” is said to be a strict prohibition against any kind of business or political intrigue intruding upon the camp’s easy going escapism and high-jinks. This may be for the most part true, but it is only half the story. It is said that the Manhattan Project, which would later produce the Atomic Bomb, was conceived at the Grove; that Eisenhower was chosen there as the Republican presidential candidate in 1952; that Nixon and Reagan solidified their political futures in close consultation amid the pageantry of the Grove. Before one collapses completely into the conspiracy K-hole, however, it should be noted that actor/writer Harry Shearer, of Spinal Tap and Simpsons fame, and colored side-kick par excellance Danny Glover have both attended at least one Bohemian Grove event. Then again, the conspiratorial worldview really just depends on how far you are prepared to allow for the tentacles to reach. Radio talk show host Alex Jones, and shape-shifting lizard visionary David Icke have really ran away with this one, and in this case, I actually don’t blame them. Because this is where the story starts to get really strange. Pseudo-sacrificial rituals at the foot of 40 foot giant owl statues strange.
Weirder Scenes. This extraordinary picture was taken in the Grove in the late fifties. The man standing is Glenn T. Seaborg, a Nobel prize winning chemist. Sitting at either side are Ronald Reagan and Tricky Dicky. Reagan was still a B-movie actor at the time.
There are certain things which, though certainly true, possess such a transcendent level of camp strangeness that they transform the world we live in into some kind of deranged B-movie extravaganza. This is certainly one of those things. I don’t know how else to preface this, other than by saying that it is all a matter of uncontested record. In 1885, Joseph C. Redding, musical genius and attorney for the Southern Pacific Railroad Company, was elected president of the Bohemian Club. Under influences that remain obscure to this day, Redding devised a ritual called the Cremation of Care. The Cremation was initially designed as a cathartic spectacle to follow up the “High Jinks.” Latterly, it was moved to the first night of the camp period, and is still enacted today as a symbolic ritual designed to convey the exorcism of all trouble, stress, and weariness from the denizens of the Grove. A ferryman sails a boat across a lake, where he is met by a group of dark, hooded figures. The ferryman then conveys an effigy of Care (called Dull Care) to the hooded figures. Dull Care is then placed on an alter, and, at the end of the ritual, set on fire. Accompanied by dramatic music and pyrotechnics, the whole thing takes place at the base of a 45 foot, moss and lichen covered statue of an owl. The B-movie grandeur extends beyond even this. The owl statue is hollowed out, containing electrical and audio equipment within, and is thus rigged to “speak” with the voice of the late, legendary anchorman Walter Cronkite, a former member of the club.
Well, we’ve only just scrapped the surface of this rich subject, and will certainly return to it, by and by. For the moment, let it suffice to say if you that if you are ever asked the question Is there a Place on this Earth where the World’s Most Powerful Men participate in a Pseudo-Sacrificial Ritual at the Foot of a Giant Owl that speaks with the Voice of Walter Cronkite, the answer, weirdly enough, is yes. Bohemian Grove, seventy five miles outside of San Fran. It might come up in a pub quiz.
Wednesday, November 12, 2008
The Country of Paradoxes.
It makes me think of J.M. Barrie’s line in Act IV of Peter Pan: “Do you believe in fairies?......If you believe, clap your hands!”
What is the sound of one hand clapping, I wonder, one small, gray-colored hand with three cartilaginous fingers and no opposable thumb?
C.D.B. Brown, Close Encounters of the Fourth Kind.
Scored by the eerie whirring of a thousand Theremins, flying saucers wobbled out of paranoid Hollywood skies in the early fifties, and have remained a source of cosmic innuendo and kitsch ever since. Writing about H.G. Wells and the development of the scientific romance, the Russian author Yevgeny Zamyatin argued that the “stone, asphalt, iron, petroleum, mechanical country” of the modern world would inevitably produce its own “iron, motorized goblins” and “mechanical, chemical fairytales.” Zamyatin’s assertion implies that our mythological, folkloric archetypes will persist and continue to flourish in the scientific age, al-be-it augmented with suitable upgrades. While the modern world has created many of its own distinct mythic archetypes, only aliens and their ever-elusive aerial crafts have fully attained the power that myth and folk beliefs possessed throughout history: the power to persuade certain people of their literal existence. The kitsch invasion from outer space that Hollywood staged in the fifties and sixties never made it as far as the Pentagon, but it succeeded in an extraordinarily virulent colonization of the mass imagination which continues to this day. While popular cryptids such as Big Foot and the Lough Ness monster constitute little more than minor twitches of the Jungian optic nerve, the lore of extraterrestrial contact and cover-up forms a persistent and fascinating shadow narrative to post-war history. Throughout its long, murky existence, the UFO belief has produced mass panics, messianic cults, New Age religions, and about as many labyrinthine conspiracy scenarios as all the secret societies put together.
Frequently written off as an inexplicable and anachronistic fad, what Carl Jung labeled the “modern myth of objects seen in the sky” never quite goes away. In 2008, it has once again attained the status of a cultural epidemic: UFO’s are being eagerly tracked by a variety of disparate media enclaves, ranging from Larry King’s CNN studios, to the paranoia-fomenting boards of abovetopsecret.com, to the normally more terrestrial-minded journalistic hotbed of the Sun newspaper. The internet, greatest ally to conspiracy theory since the invention of the secret handshake, has proven equally enabling to the shadow-world of ufology. Once confined to the physical heavens above our heads, UFO’s are now routinely spotted in the digital aerospaces enveloping google earth.
The observance of strange prodigies in the sky is a classic symptom of the apocalyptic imagination. Keith Thompson summarized Jung’s more ominous observations regarding the flying saucer in Angels and Aliens: UFO’s and the Mythic Imagination: “With a certain somberness, Jung noted that he was not pleased to conclude that the appearance of UFO’s clearly indicated “coming events which are in accord with the end of an era.” Such large scale anomalies typically arise when wholesale changes are under way in the balance of forces in the collective unconscious- that vast repository of images and motifs common to the myths and dreams of peoples throughout the world, all connected as a complex matrix transcending time and space. Jung had no doubt that humanity was entering a time of profound transition…”
Whether Jung’s theory of the collective unconscious has any validity or not, and I would personally tend to suspect that it does, it seems that people look to the skies with more alert and quizzical eyes during times of crisis and upheaval. This year has witnessed a marathon harvest of high strangeness in the upper atmosphere, operating on a global scale. In recent weeks, Stephenville, Texas, has experienced its second major explosion of anomalous aerial phenomena, prompting one eye witness to observe: “It was like two rectangular boxes containing flames, and it was like something Biblical. It was right there, not far out in space. This was very up close and personal. That’s what the three of us said to each other: It’s like something out of the Bible. And one of the guys said “Could this be the end of the world?” Britain has also experienced a wave of sightings this year, though how of many of these can be explained away by the recent vogue for Chinese lanterns, coupled with the Sun’s apparently indiscriminate yen for X-Files-type innuendo, remains to be seen. Meanwhile, closer to home, eye-witnesses in county Louth claimed to see a massive triangular craft hovering over a small town, and one apparently nerve-racked pensioner arrived in the offices of the Louth Leader a couple of weeks ago, claiming he’d seen the craft on various occasions, and “feared abduction.”
The longevity of the UFO belief, and the extraordinary complexity and consistency of the mythology which has evolved around it, requires some elucidation beyond a mere blanket skepticism. The flying saucer myth was not initially crystallized by surreal drive-in movies; these were in fact a product of a national phenomenon which had seized the imagination of the American public in 1947. The catalyst was a sighting reported by a pilot named Kenneth Arnold in June of that year. The objects Arnold claimed to have witnessed while flying his plane near Mount Rainer, Washington were crescent-shaped; crucially Arnold said they “flew like a saucer would if you skipped it across the water.” It was by virtue of some inspired journalistic alchemy that the great anomaly of the twentieth century, the “mechanical, chemical fairytale” of the scientific age, assumed its iconic form. (Whirring of Theremins: Or was it?)
To be continued.
Thursday, November 6, 2008
Elves and Eschatology: The Shape of History.
Our generation is strangled by fear: fear for man, for his future, and for the direction in which we are driven against our will and desire. And out of this comes a cry of illumination concerning the meaning of the existence of mankind, and concerning the goal to which we are directed. It is a cry for an answer to the old question of the meaning of history.
Hendrikus Berkoff.
Though largely unappreciated in their own time, Dick’s novels would come to resonate as the most lucid literary expression of contemporary anxiety since those of Kafka in the first half of the century. The recognition of Dick’s work was slow at first, but it witnessed an explosion in the nineties, when all areas of popular and academic culture seemed to be imbibing some variety of ontological uncertainty. If the scientific revolution had gradually built up a grand, immutable edifice of cold, objectified material reality, whose most characteristic art-forms were journalism and the novel of realism, then the Information Age, whose characteristic products could be anything from New Age channeling to Superstring Theory, seemed to all but topple that edifice into a channel-surfing, paradigm-hopping roller-coaster of simulation. The ideal of scientific clarity, which might once have replaced religion as a dominant worldview, had come increasingly to resemble a staid habit to which people dutifully supplicated themselves on Sundays, while they were otherwise tripping out to Eastern-infused interpretations of quantum physics, being abducted by oval-eyed aliens, cracking da Vinci, conspiracy, and Kabala codes, projecting their egos into media-spun fantasies of utopian escapism, and generally subscribing to the notion of designer and virtual realities.
To some commentators, this erosion or dissipation of the real assumed a negative and dystopian character. According to the interminable diatribe Jean Baudrillard has been cranking out in steady, slender volumes since the ’68 riots, the modern proliferation of media technologies has produced a hall of mirrors in infinite regress, or an endless field of simulation which no longer possesses an original reality referent. I assume that Baudrillard considered this an uncongenial state of affairs, in some kind of residual spasm of Marxist rancor. Baudrillardian ideas are better expressed in the fictions of Borges and Philip K. Dick, or the recent cinema of David Lynch; his own prose is as dehumanizing and soul-destroying as the vast mass media apparatus itself.
Most of these reality fluctuations, however, followed the hopeful, escape velocity paradigm, which might be likened to the gnostic notion of finding a liberating crack in the demiurgic architecture. A generation of undergraduates, exposed for the first time to vainglorious linguistic contortions of Jacques Derrida, believed that they were boldly unraveling the thread of an epoch worth of phallogocentric maya, with the white European male as their dastardly Archon of choice. Meanwhile, running concurrently with this academic avowal of linguistic idealism, the writings of Robert Anton Wilson exemplified a radicalized form of postmodern relativism, birthed in a crucible of Eastern mysticism, Western chemicals, and quantum uncertainty theory: “The notion that “reality” is a noun, a solid thing like a brick or a basketball, derives from the evolutionary fact that our nervous systems normally organize the dance of energy into such block-like “things”, probably as instant bio-survival cues. Such “things”, however, dissolve back into energy dances – processes or verbs – when the nervous system is synergized with certain drugs or transmuted with yogic or shamanic exercises or aided by scientific instruments. In both mysticism and physics, there is general agreement that “things” are constructed by our nervous systems and that “realities” (plural) are best described as systems or bundles of energy functions.”
Terence McKenna shared with the emerging academic movement a sense that the universe was somehow composed of language; he contended that mankind had lost touch with reality only when we had copper-fastened the notion of reality as an objective, impermeable “outside”; only when we had forgotten what magical societies understood as a matter of course: that the linguistic stuff of the universe was to some degree a creation of our imaginations, and as such, always subject to the art of the subtle conjuror. His ultimate dream for 2012, like that of William Blake before him, and generations of Neoplatonic mystics before Blake, was that we would return en masse to the primal, unfettered realm of the imagination, from which all realities had been abstracted, and which all realities had gradually usurped in the fall into historical consciousness.
As the tendencies of the academy dovetailed with those of the psychedelicists, the vision of McKenna and his elk was the mystical first cousin to the adherents of the technological Singularity. The mathematician and physician Frank J. Tipler has famously, and controversially, argued that a computer will one day exist which is capable of producing an infinite simulation within a finite amount of proper “time.” By recreating simulations of all possible quantum brain states, this computer would effectively resurrect all intelligent beings that have ever lived, thus producing a combination of the Christian after-life and the holodeck of Star Trek: The Next Generation fame. Presumably, whether or not Hitler gets a pass would be one of the moral quandaries inherent in such a scheme. It may be that we already exist within such a super-simulation, and have merely forgotten how to activate the “cheats.”
Expressing itself in a proliferation of techno-utopias, as well as a variety of popular entertainments such as The Matrix and The Truman Show, the salient features of the nineties subconscious were a sense of the end of history, and the end of the “spell” of objective, empirical reality. Whether this represented the brief, flickering potential for an evolutionary transformation, or merely the decadent fantasies of an affluent society which had precariously cut itself off from the ineluctable privations and fluctuations of the natural world, remains largely a moot point. The September 11 attacks changed all of that; they shattered our illusion of a sheltered, post-historical West, and ushered history into one of its most truly Saturnine phases. The many worrying storm clouds which millennial utopians had pushed out to the periphery of their vision – such as the growing ecological crisis, the profound gap instigated by aggressive consumerism between the wealthy and impoverished, and the always ambiguous character of technological advancement throughout the ages – came increasingly to represent the salient features of twenty first century life. While the nineties were characterized by post-Berlin wall optimism and computer-generated hubris, our contemporary collective memories are seared by tsunamis, floods, and toppling skyscrapers. According to Erik Davis: “The collapse of the dot.com bubble put the visionaries back in their padded rooms, and this “return to the real” was cemented by 9/11. Utopian euphoria and posthuman giddiness are out; bottom lines and familiar brands are in. Even academics and intellectuals, formerly taken by all manner of French discursive diseases, have staged a sort of Revenge of the Enlightenment, fomenting a new distrust of the more irrational, surreal, and visionary dimensions of the contemporary project.”
All of the utopian dreams we have looked at in this thread, be they mystical or technological, share the salient characteristics of an eschatology: the sense that history is for the most part a negative, destructive process, but one which nevertheless contains within its working-out a wider pattern or shape, which ultimately tends towards a redemptive, history-transcending event. This remains a remarkably persistent conceptual framework within our psychological make-up, despite a common desire in the minds of contemporary educated people to regard such things as the erroneous, almost semi-schizophrenic divination of signal where noise abounds. Perhaps to provide fuel to such an argument, the loss of a providential model of history has lead to a large degree to the emergent popularity of envisioning an all-pervasive conspiracy as the great guiding hand in our affairs. While these darker manifestations of eschatology will continue to go into overdrive in these uncertain times, it may be no bad thing, sometimes, to yield to that part of the mind that sees ancient, inscrutable faces emerge out of the contours of Martian mountains. A thorough perusal of history does reveal certain oddities and patterns, such as spontaneous evolutionary leaps and the simultaneous emergence of ideas in disparate, unconnected parts of the globe. In the ancient Greek pantheon, the most despised deity was Chance; in the modern world, a vast horde of paranoiacs and visionaries will continue to construct systems sublime and ridiculous, in eternal opposition to the old fatalist adage Shit Happens.
Thursday, October 30, 2008
Elves and Eschatology: Virtual Reality Parties.
High Frontiers begat Reality Hackers, and Hackers finally begat Mondo 2000, “mondo” coming from Queen Mu because it sounded decadent and would look good on the masthead, and “2000” from Sirius because everybody back then was “using that to sell shit.” As the magazine evolved, the seemingly obligatory funny Pychonesque names continued to arrive thick and fast: Mondo Connie, Lady Ada Lovelace, Nan C. Druid, Marshal McLaren, and my personal favorite: G. Gordan MIDDI. Published under the then revolutionary auspices of desk-top publishing software like QuarkXpress and Adobe Photoshop, Mondo propagated a uniquely off-kilter world-view, which came on like the lush decadence of La Dolce Vita refracted through a prism of Californian psychedelia and giddy transhuman hubris. Written in a slangy, insider prose that combined the argots of computer hackers and esoteric New Age cultists, Mondo opened the lid an a cliquey world of virtual sex, smart drugs, virtual reality parties, designer psychedelics, and various fantasies of nootropic, nanotechnological self-advancement. Mondo was also one of the chief disseminators of the most surreal counter-cultural meme of the nineties: the self-transforming machine elves of hyperspace.
By the hey-day of the Mondoids, Terence McKenna was a fully fledged guru, appearing on stage to preach eschaton over the throbbing techno of the Shaman, getting name-checked by cult comedian Bill Hicks, and seeing his ideas infiltrate the world of mainstream American comic books via English invasion visionaries Grant Morrison and Alan Moore. Still proclaiming his predictions for the 2012 Timewave, by now transformed, like virtually everything else in the early nineties, into a commercial computer program, McKenna had also become a typically evangelical promoter of DMT use. Described by Daniel Pinchbeck as the “psychedelic equivalent of bungee jumping,” DMT is a naturally occurring tryptamine and potent mind-altering drug. When smoked, its effects are very brief in duration, but apparently intense enough to shatter every cozy rationalist paradigm and worldview going. DMT is possibly one of the most intriguing substances around. Minute traces of it are produced by the human body during normal metabolism, and this admittedly striking fact has placed DMT at the cutting edge of consciousness-exploration, both recreational and theoretical. An increasing number of both mainstream and outré theorists have argued that DMT may be the neurochemical wildcard responsible for such varied anomalies as dream imagery, near death experience, mystical epiphanies, and alien abduction. McKenna argued that DMT transported users not merely to another state of mind, but a whole other universe of incredible Escherian geometries, populated by its own intelligences and entities, which seemed consistent from one subjective experience of the drug to the next. His encounter with the notorious elves is described in typically florid manner:
“And what was going on in this place aside from the tastefully socketed indirect lighting, and the crawling geometric hallucinations along the domed walls, what was happening was that there was a lot of, ah, beings in there, what I call self-transforming machine elves of hyperspace. Sort of like jeweled basketballs all dribbling their way towards me. They were making objects come into existence by singing them into existence. Objects which looked like Faberge eggs from Mars morphing themselves with mandelian alphabetical structures. They looked like the concrescence of linguistic intentionality put through a kind of hyper-dimensional transform into three dimensional space. And these machines offered themselves to me. And I realized as I looked at them, that if I brought just one of these little trinkets back, nothing would ever be the same again.” ( Experience has taught me that discussion of the machine elves leads to largely unsuccessful job interviews, even when broached during the more informal “hobbies and interests” section. T.E.)
In many respects a product of their own insular, drug-addled sensibility, Sirius and his cohorts nevertheless crested a cultural wave. As the new journalism of the 60’s had been a voice commensurate with the radical effusions of that decade, Mondo 2000 spoke directly to a brief utopian blip in which people watched science fictions rapidly become tentative facts, and a global Revenge of the Nerds made the future seem, for a brief instant, firmly within the grasp of a generation of hyper-bright, sci-fi weaned geeks. Behind its impressive strangle-hold on the language and ideologies of the emerging technoculture, Mondo’s particular brand of subversion was politically neutral and hedonistically focused. “Fun” according to Queen Mu “is going to be the saving grace of our universe.” Much of the magazine’s pronouncements amounted to little more than an appeal to the libidinous, Dionysian aspects of the sixties counterculture, recast in a in a language of nineties technophilia:
“High technology enables us to explore sensuality far out on the New Edge…Why settle for passé kinkiness when you can actualize techno-aphrodisia from the infosphere?”
In a maneuver typical of the time, however, Mondo parried criticism by presenting itself as a self-imploding Warhol art-object, semi-celebratory and semi-satirical at the same time. The Mondoids virtual reality parties quickly came to represent for the nineties what Jay Gatsby’s mythical soirees did for the roaring twenties:
“A Mondo party might find a time travel expert being interviewed in one room, people playing word association games in another, others experimenting with weird mind-stimulation glasses, groups quietly chatting in conspiratorial whispers, or Bert Nagel and virtual reality expert Brenda Laurel leaping in the air to see if they could do a complete 360 degree turn without falling down. Rude pornography or Japanese animation videos flickered on monitors, figures preformed frottage on antique sofas. A journalist from GQ might be taking a piss on the lawn. One creature would trap people for entire evenings in conversations about how Sir Francis Bacon was actually William Shakespeare.”
Unsurprisingly, the mainstream media were eager to garner a handle on this Brave New World before it evaporated into yesterday’s color piece, and they descended on mass upon the Mondoids seeking exotic copy: “Having defined the nascent cybersexcomputerdrug culture, Mondo assumed the role of oracle to the rest of the media struggling to comprehend the trend. Sirius appeared on Donahue and Ron Reagan’s show. Reporters descended upon the Mondo house from all corners of the globe – Newsweek, Details, the Washington Post, the New York Times, the Chicago Tribune, the Los Angeles Times, and bureaus from Europe – as well as all the local dailies.
What is cyberpunk? they begged. Tell us why cyberpunks wear mirror shades and drink Jolt cola. What is virtual sex like?”
(Jack Boulware, A History of Mondo 2000.)
Such cross-fertilization between mainstream and underground culture became increasingly common in the nineties, and much of it was focused around the concept of virtual reality. The technology itself turned out to be another media touted high-way to tomorrow that went nowhere fast, leaving behind The Lawnmower Man and a wealth of fast-dating, tacky memorabilia. The concept of virtual reality, however, encapsulated something far greater than crude goggles and graphics; it expressed a pervasive sense that reality itself was becoming an increasingly plastic and mutable medium.
Reality should be the most solid and incontestable of all phenomena, and yet it has been subject to much doubt throughout the ages. Many of the perennial philosophies regarded reality as a beguiling but ultimately aimless dumb-show; as a preliminary step in the ladder of true understanding and being. Plato famously regarded it as a series of flickering shadows cast unto the wall of a cave; in the Hindu tradition, the phenomenological world, called maya, was an illusionary veil that must be pierced in order to attain freedom from an endless cycle of fruitless reincarnation. Interestingly, in the mystical tradition throughout the ages, the illusionary nature of reality has generally been evoked in the positive sense of offering at least the potential for liberation and transcendence. In the twentieth century, such notions assumed a wide currency in the west, but also a distinct positive and negative polarity. In the 1960’s, for example, the psychedelic movement, having had its own maya-shattering epiphanies, eagerly latched onto the classic Eastern texts as guidebooks to the acid experience, and preached a similar gospel of joyous liberation from the false cycles of unreflective being. At the same time, however, the novels of Philip K. Dick envisioned the loss of a stable reality as a paranoid, alienating experience, thrusting his protagonists into shifting, schizophrenic Wonderlands of media-saturation and mental instability.
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Friday, July 22, 2005
Party's over, and, poison can be good for you !
So the good news is, my cloning seems to be working. Way more colonies on the ligation with insert than with vector alone. Hopefully I'll get what I expect from my digests tomorrow. And more to the point, hopefully this bodes well, superstitiously, that our experiments will have a decent chance of working in this building in general. You never know if the air or water is going to be helpful or hurtful in a new building until you actually start working there.
Party's over
Lab meeting/party was more or less the usual. All the guys, plus me, had beer. Most of the asian people had no alcohol, and the rest of the girls had white wine. (White wine??? Why bother unless it's with salad or dessert?). I ate too much (hard to resist hand-made dumplings and sesame balls!), and ended up talking to our administrative assistant about politics, cancer predisposition, and a few other random things. Turns out she's two degrees of separation away from both Mother Teresa and Bill Clinton! Pretty amazing.
Since then I've been sitting around trying to work on my grant this afternoon. It's the calm before the hordes of people start moving into the other labs on this floor. Next week.... ugh.
But, it's really nice out, and I'm really sleepy. Mostly I think my own stuff is boring, since I started reading about hormesis.
A little bit of a good thing can be worse than a lot!
Hormesis is the coolest thing I've read about in a long time. Here are some links:
Introduction to Radiation Hormesis
Hormesis makes a comeback
So essential the idea is, the dose makes the drug. Turns out there are some things that are really good for you, but at very low doses, can actually be bad. And vice versa. I'm not sure which is cooler! The idea that tiny amounts of something can sneak in and actually get away with doing bad stuff in small numbers, but can't get away with it in a crowd? Or the idea that poison, in very small doses, really does make you stronger.
I think one of the coolest things about this, scientifically, is that there are data from all different systems. It works in plants, and yeast, and mice, and people. That's the kind of stuff I like the best.
It's interesting as much because of the science as the politics. It was originally introduced almost 100 years ago, but lost credibility because the people who proposed it were also proponents of the dreaded homeopathy. Homeopathy, I learned today, uses lower doses than most of the hormesis studies. And hormesis studies use lower doses than are normally tested in drug trials.
Basically, we've only been testing whopping amounts of drugs in most toxicology studies. You know those inserts you get with prescription drugs? If you read the fine print, they're usually looking at grams per kilogram of rat body weight (of course they usually only do these studies in rats, which are actually not very much like humans). Grams per kilogram of body weight is a HUGE amount.
And a huge amount of something taken in only a small number of doses is a lot different than the same amount taken over many many years. And those are both different from a much smaller amount taken in through the environment. This applies to radiation, cadmium, and lots of other naturally-occuring things we also use for medicine.
Anyway I'm not a toxicologist, but this was right up my alley. And I'm always amused when a hypothesis that was probably correct all along gets rediscovered, because it means the truth will always come out, no matter how much politics gets in the way of scientific progress.
At 9:20 PM, Blogger BotanicalGirl said...
Wow. Hormesis is a really interesting concept, thanks for introducing it to me.
We're totally 'radiophobic' now. Part of the reason we call it MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) for medicine instead of an NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) is because people hear 'nuclear' and freak out.
When I was applying to grad school I met a PI doing research on how minute chemicals we pick up in our daily lives combine with the chemicals in chemotherapy and produce some of the nastier effects on the brain, the memory in particular.
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Messages - jp
The Daily Cut and Thrust / Re: Them there t'other clubs
I regularly take the piss out of my good pal (the Arsenal/County fan) about Sideshow Bob but really, tonight, what the f*ck was Luiz still doing on the pitch after that head collision? He looked utterly disengaged from everything. Stupid and cruel.
The Daily Cut and Thrust / Re: The Podcast Thread
Christ on a bike.
Florist asked "where is he working now?" but for phone/tablet typing reasons ended up just saying "where is working now?".
He then made light of it with a gag about the town of "Woking" being between the towns of Guildford and Epsom but added some 'r' s to their names for comedic effect why the f*ck am I even bothrng
The Daily Cut and Thrust / Re: The Podcast Thread
He's just added a 'r' to Epsom, and 'er' to Guildford (because Guildrford wouldn't work), to mirror 'Woking'/'Working'.
It's fine but it's not Florist's best work/wok.
If there's the ghost of a literary reference it must be more in the general direction of Stoppad than Shakespeae, Shirley?
The Daily Cut and Thrust / Re: The Swanny International Cup - it's the Forest v Swansea match thread
Like everything, it will take time. There were some good things about today's performance, and some bad things. Yes, we're not going to come close to the play offs this season, but we have a manager who can work through this if he is given time. I guess that is the question: will he be given the time and space to do what needs to be done?
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High Quality Slip Ring
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The Supreme Court heard arguments on Tuesday about the controversial practice of keeping sex offenders locked up after they have completed their criminal sentences -- but from an unusual angle.
The question was not whether the continued civil commitment of prisoners for fear that they remain ''sexually dangerous'' violates due process principles. It was, rather, whether Congress had the constitutional power to authorize the practice at all for federal prisoners. State civil confinement laws are not at issue in the case.
Last year, a three-judge panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, in Richmond, Va., unanimously ruled that none of the powers granted to Congress in the Constitution empowered it to authorize such civil commitments.
During Tuesday's argument in the case, United States v. Comstock, No. 08-1224, Solicitor General Elena Kagan said the practice was needed ''to run a criminal justice system that does not itself endanger the public.''
But she relied almost solely on a clause of the Constitution not ordinarily thought of as a source of freestanding authority, one that gives Congress the right ''to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution'' its other powers.
Only Justice Antonin Scalia consistently disputed Ms. Kagan's invocation of the ''necessary and proper clause.''
''Necessary and proper doesn't mean it is necessary and proper for the good of society,'' he said. ''It means it is necessary and proper for the execution of another power that the federal government is given by the constitution.''
But ''there is no constitutional power on the part of the federal government to protect society from sexual predators,'' he said, adding that state officials were up to the task.
Ms. Kagan agreed that the states should take the lead role. But she said the federal government ''is a kind of backstop, so that if the state does not take responsibility and does not take custody, the federal government will ensure that the person will not be released.''
In practice, she conceded, states do not typically volunteer to take custody of federal prisoners completing their sentences who are said to be sexually dangerous.
Others justices were more sympathetic to Ms. Kagan's argument.
Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr. said states might no longer view prisoners held in federal prisons, often elsewhere in the country, as their responsibility. When public safety is at issue, Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg said, ''the government has some responsibility, doesn't it?''
The challenge to the civil commitment law was brought by five prisoners. The case of Graydon Comstock was typical. In November 2006, six days before Mr. Comstock was to have completed a 37-month sentence for receiving child pornography, Attorney General Alberto R. Gonzales certified that Mr. Comstock was a sexually dangerous person.
Lower courts ruled that the law under which Mr. Gonzales acted exceeded Congress's constitutional authority. But those decisions have been stayed, and Mr. Comstock remains confined in a federal prison.
G. Alan DuBois, a lawyer for the prisoners, disputed Ms. Kagan's characterization of the relationship between the criminal justice system and his clients' cases.
''Civil commitment has never been thought to be part of the criminal justice system,'' he said. ''They are two separate spheres of government control and government authority.''
Ms. Kagan drew an analogy to continuing to quarantine people with communicable diseases after their sentences were complete. Would anyone say, Ms. Kagan asked, that Congress was powerless ''to effect that kind of public safety measure?''
Justice Anthony M. Kennedy responded that Congressional power over interstate commerce would support that action. But Ms. Kagan relied on the Constitution's commerce clause only glancingly in her argument in favor of the civil commitment law.
The Rehnquist court struck down federal laws concerning violence against women and the possession of guns near schools on the ground that Congress had exceeded its constitutional authority under the commerce clause, but it upheld a federal law regulating the medicinal use of home-grown marijuana.
Justice Scalia suggested various approaches the federal government could take to make sure the states confined dangerous people after they had served their sentences, prompting a response from Justice John Paul Stevens.
''I guess we can all think of a lot of different statutes,'' Justice Stevens said. ''We have to decide whether this one is constitutional.'' | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '26', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.962363600730896}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '44070', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:ORW5VVLM7XD55674YBXW3XNV6FHIPSY6', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:4a089c62-bbf2-4f3e-8422-93a5047d3730>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 29, 5, 21, 15), 'WARC-IP-Address': '170.149.168.147', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:VZIPCA5CHDI4CVXSMGVCI3LUQOG6HZZ7', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:fd48fddf-385f-4f48-a5eb-8e37a878061d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9804E2DE1138F930A25752C0A9669D8B63&ref=albertorgonzales', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:170bf872-218a-4355-9b10-5a5b855e2fee>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '697', 'url': 'http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9804E2DE1138F930A25752C0A9669D8B63&ref=albertorgonzales', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-35\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for August 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.15442007780075073', 'original_id': '8f161035357a78b0ac10a5a99688e5e8ce558ed7193a19eae725b254952f3d6b'} |
Battletoads review
by on August 20, 2020
Release Date
August 20. 2020
I’d completely forgotten that the Battletoads were getting a new outing this year. Announced at E3 in 2018, it took another year for people to see any gameplay, debuting a new trailer at E3 2019. Then, at November’s XO19, a select few got to actually play the game. It’s been a long drawn out process, and there hasn’t been a particularly aggressive marketing campaign or any buzz at all. The word Battletoads can send shivers down your spine, as the urban legend of its torturous difficulty grows with every passing year. When it featured on 2015’s Rare Replay, I gave it another go, and yeah, it’s hard, but I wouldn’t say I was craving the chance to play any kind of reboot or remaster. Why would Dlala Studios and Rare want to resurrect a dead franchise that has lay dormant for 26 years? What fresh life could they breath into a new Battletoads game?
I’m going to make a pretty big statement here, so you might want to sit down. Battletoads is currently in my top five games of the year. If ever there was a game to bring unbridled joy and copious amounts of belly laughs, the Battletoads reboot provides it in spades. I can’t stress how good the side-scrolling fighting is. Each of the Battletoads has different moves, and you’ve got a wide range of abilities to help you through the challenging levels. Rash is the more balanced character; Pimple is the slow but powerful brute, and Zitz is the faster of the three.
You can hammer the attack button, but dashing out the way is just as important as beating up your enemies. Each toad has a power move, and the animations for each one are fantastic. You can also spit bubblegum at your foes to temporarily hold them in place, and you can use your tongue to pull them closer for a barrage of melee attacks. Much of the game throws myriad bad guys at you at any one time, and they all have specific abilities that will cause you to attack them differently every time.
The designs of the enemies are diverse, and their attack patterns are equally as varied. Some will combust into balls of electricity that can conduct in water and create a bigger surface area of damage, others will charge at you and wipe out a large portion of health, whilst long range enemies will fire everything from lasers, axes, and ice cream at you. Battletoads is chaotic, throwing every possible challenge at you, but the multitude of attacks at your disposal mean you’ve always got a way to deal with whatever the game throws at you. Switching between characters is always available as long as they haven’t been Knocked Out, and when one does get knocked out, another toad will spawn, however, if Rash, Pimple, and Zitz get wiped out in quick succession, you’ll be forced to restart from the last checkpoint. If your health is getting low, you can use your tongue to eat flies that get left behind once an enemy is killed.
There are different difficulty settings, but even on normal the game provides a challenge. The frantic nature of the action in the side-scrolling sections is so much fun to play. Given the range of different moves across all three of the Battletoads, it makes for such an excellent beat-em-up. There’s also a handful of boss fights that tend to follow the three-phase rule, challenging you to switch between the toads to make the most out of their abilities. One of the first bosses requires you to destroy its eyes by pulling them out of its head. Pimple is the strongest Battletoad, so using him to destroy them is needed, but the rate that the pink eyes (yeah) keep spawning requires the speed and versatility of Zitz.
Along with these sections, there are plenty of other areas where it takes the foot off the pedal and gives you other ways to play. The Turbo Tunnel returns early on, and although it’s pretty damn tricky, it’s also one hell of a ride, opting for a 3D reinvention this time around. Some levels are silly, like when you play a variation of rock, paper, scissors, or you’re doing your day job of sitting at a desk and signing autographs at a crappy convention. The thing is, these distractions are dumb in the most positive ways, and you’ll embrace the humour of them instantly.
Throughout the levels you’ll also encounter puzzles that require to use your brain. You may need to hack a door by outsmarting a computer or press switches to allow the power to find a successful route to the end of the circuit. They are littered throughout, and much like the breaks from the side-scrolling action, they give you a chance to use your skills in a different way. There are also breaks in gameplay when Rash, Pimple, and Zitz have conversations with each other, and although they are only brief, they are just as funny as the cutscenes.
Battletoads feels like something you’d happily watch on Cartoon Network. It’s funny on different levels, much like Teen Titans Go! and The Amazing World of Gumball. I laughed a lot, not just at the jokes and the exceptional voice acting, but the multiple times the game goes meta. It pokes fun at itself all the time, and doesn’t hide the fact it’s an old franchise that never needed to make a comeback. The fact this game is so good is testament to what a great job has been done, proving that anything is possible.
The levels are gorgeous, featuring hand-drawn backgrounds filled with plenty of colour and bold designs. From the amusement parks to alien planets, everywhere you look gives you something gorgeous to admire. The cutscenes have been animated to a high level as well, and you’ll often forget that you’re playing a game. Battletoads is so vibrant and easy on the eyes that you’ll never get fed up of the art style.
Battletoads is an excellent side-scrolling beat-em-up that has reinvigorated a dormant franchise better than I ever could’ve imagined. The combat is varied and exciting, the cutscenes are hilarious, and the art style is absolutely gorgeous. You can play couch co-op throughout the game, but I do feel it needs online support to play with other friends. Regardless of this minor flaw, Battletoads is the biggest surprise of the year, and it is definitely a game everyone needs to play.
Excellent side-scrolling beat-em-up gameplay
Funny, well-written dialogue
Gorgeous art style
Cutscene animations are fantastic
No online co-op
Editor Rating
Our Score
In Short
Battletoads is the reboot you never knew you wanted. It's fun to play and makes you laugh, two perfect ingredients for making a game well worth playing. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9568421840667723}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '233753', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:HJ2NAYJCWFM5OSWTM4W5Z3EMDKQUEFXB', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:f8c04d25-9b48-40ce-82ef-c3397a562ad3>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 23, 4, 47, 13), 'WARC-IP-Address': '178.79.137.67', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:VNFV7MPMN4GZCGYOJOJEH7ZVJLY65MVQ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:44d32308-f27a-40e9-ab37-69f2f8cb641c>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://www.godisageek.com/reviews/battletoads-review/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:a3708922-e77b-48af-a0de-3091259f6861>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1155', 'url': 'https://www.godisageek.com/reviews/battletoads-review/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-04\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for January 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-217.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.17 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04643380641937256', 'original_id': 'af9793bdf1148d7b5cdaafde25c6f8386bb738c2c1cf82a833dfaf11a1ce8454'} |
TABLE 19 Dose-normalized Sputum Levofloxacin PK Parameters in CF Patients Example Example 4 formulations Example 8 formulations Formulation/Dose Dose Level C Dose Level C Dose Level D Dose Level A Dose Level B Levofloxacin Levofloxacin Levofloxacin Levofloxacin Levofloxacin (50 mg/ml) with (100 mg/ml) (100 mg/ml) (12 mg/ml) (23.8 mg/ml) MgCl₂ and Lactose with MgCl₂ with MgCl₂ Loaded Dose 43.3 86.6 180 180 240 Estimated RDD 20 40 92 98 131 C_(max) (ng/ml) 86,200 211,500 2,563,119 2,932,121 4,690,808 AUC (hr · ng/ml) 67,100 171,400 1,890,699 1,960,771 4,517,439 Loaded Dose- 1,991 2,442 14,240 16,290 19,545 normalized C_(max) (ng/ml per mg dose) Loaded Dose- 1,550 1,979 10,504 10,893 18,823 normalized AUC (hr · ng/ml per mg dose) RDD - normalized C_(max) 4,310 5,288 27,866 29,862 35,830 (ng/ml per mg dose) RDD - normalized AUC 3,355 4,285 20,556 19,969 34,505 (hr · ng/ml per mg dose)
The dose-normalized AUC and C_(max) PK parameters show the significantly increased exposures of levofloxacin in sputum using the formulations of Example 8 that include levofloxacin formulated with Mg²⁺ over the formulations of Example 4 that lack Mg²⁺. The differences in sputum concentrations of levofloxacin between Example 4 and Example 8 formulations are further shown in FIG. 14.
Example 9 Mouse Lung Infection Model
A mouse lung infection model was used to compare the efficacy of intravenous administration with pulmonary administration of fluoroquinolones. Eight mice per group were infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 43816 by intra-tracheal instillation. Twenty-four hours after infection, mice were administered aerosol doses of 10 or 20 mg/kg twice daily (BID) using a microspray aerosol generation device (PennCentury, Philadelphia, Pa.). Twenty-four hours after beginning treatment, animals were sacrificed and their lungs were removed, homogenized, and plated to determine colony counts. Table 20 shows the formulations used in this study.
TABLE 20 Levofloxacin in saline Levofloxacin with MgCl₂ Dose (mg/kg) 10 20 10 20 Levofloxacin 4 8 4 8 (mg/mL) MgCl₂ (mM) 0 0 8 16 Saline (%) 0.9 0.9 0 0 Lactose (mM) 0 0 12 24
Levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ produced 1 log greater bacterial killing than levofloxacin formulated in saline at each dose tested (FIG. 15). This result is consistent with the increased lung concentrations determined in the rat in Example 2.
Example 10 Efficacy of Aerosol Levofloxacin Formulated with MgCl₂ in Mouse Lung Infection Models
This example relates to aerosol administration of levofloxacin with MgCl₂, and intraperiteneal administration of levofloxacin in saline. The purpose of the following studies was to determine the efficacy of these therapies in acute and chronic lung infection models due to P. aeruginosa.
Antimicrobial agents: Levofloxacin (LKT Laboratories, St. Paul, Minn.), tobramycin (Sicor pharmaceuticals, Irvine, Calif.), and aztreonam (MP Biomedicals, Solon, Ohio) were purchased from independent vendors. Prior to the initiation of each experiment, fresh stock solutions of each antibiotic were prepared. Levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ was diluted in water; levofloxacin and tobramycin were diluted in 0.9% saline, aztreonam was diluted in 7% sodium bicarbonate in water. Table 21 shows formulations used in this study.
TABLE 21 Levofloxacin in Saline Levofloxacin with MgCl₂ Dose (mg/kg) 32 63 125 32 63 125 Levofloxacin (mg/mL) 1.5 3 6 6 12 24 MgCl₂ (mM) 0 0 0 12 24 48 Saline (%) 0.9 0.9 0.9 0 0 0
Bacterial strains MIC testing: P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and NH57388A were used in these studies. MICs were determined by a broth microdilution assay according to CLSI reference methods (Methods for dilution of antimicrobial susceptibility test for bacteria that grow aerobically. Seventh Edition: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2006) M&-A7, incorporated by reference in its entirety). Assays were performed in a final volume of 100 μl. The bacterial suspensions were adjusted to yield a cell density of 5×10⁵ CFU/ml. Antibiotics were prepared at a concentration equivalent to twofold the highest desired final concentration in culture medium and were then diluted directly into 96-well microtiter plates. Microtiter plates were incubated for 24 h at 35° C. and were read by using a microtiter plate reader (Molecular Devices) at 600 nm as well as by visual observation by using a microtiter plate reading mirror. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of antibiotic at which the visible growth of the organism is completely inhibited.
Mice: Female Swiss mice (5-6 wk of age) were obtained from Harlan West Coast (Germantown, Calif.). All studies were performed under protocols approved by an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
Preparation of pseudomonal alginate: P. aeruginosa NH57388A was cultured in 50 ml Mueller-hinton broth (MHB) for 24-28 h at 37° C. with shaking (170 rpm). Bacterial cells were harvested by centrifugation (23,000×g, 30 min, at 4° C.) and resuspended in 3-6 ml of MHB. The supernatant was collected and placed in 80° C. water-bath for 30 min. Alginate was precipitated by adding the supernatant to 150 ml of ice-cold 99% ethanol. The precipitated alginate was collected with a sterile bacterial loop and washed several times in sterile saline. The purified alginate was then resuspended in 10 ml of sterile saline and stirred vigorously to form a homogeneous suspension. The alginate concentration was measured and adjusted to a concentration of 2-3 mg/ml.
Aerosol Administration of antibiotics: Antibiotics were aerosolized using a microspray aerosol device (MicroSprayer Model IA-C, PennCentury, Philadelphia, Pa.) attached to a FMJ-250 High-Pressure Syringe (PennCentury, Philadelphia, Pa.). This device produces a 16-22 μM Mass Medium Diameter spray. For administration, each mouse was anesthetized (5% isoflurane in oxygen running at 4 L/min) and positioned securely at a 45-50° angle by the upper teeth, the microspray aerosol tip was inserted to the bifurcation and a 50 μl volume was administered.
Pharmacokinetics: Mice (n=3/timepoint) were administered single 60 mg/kg aerosol dose of levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ or a 20 mg/kg IP dose of levofloxacin. Mice were sacrificed at 0.08, 0.16, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 h after dosing and their lungs collected. Levofloxacin lung homogenate concentrations administered as levofloxacin or levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ were measured using an HPLC method. Analytical standards (0.05 to 100 mg/L) were prepared in fresh mouse lung homogenate collected from untreated animals. Lung homogenate or standards for both compounds were mixed with double the volume of 4% trichloroacetic acid, vortexed and then centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min using a refrigerated Eppendorf 5415c centrifuge set at 4-10° C. Aliquots of the supernatant (25 μl) were injected directly onto the HPLC using a temperature-controlled autoinjector set at 10° C. Standard curves were constructed of the peak area versus standard concentration, and the data were fit using weighted linear regression (Microsoft Excel, Seattle, Wash.). The concentrations of levofloxacin in the lung homogenate were calculated from these standard curves. The lung pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using WinNonlin (Pharsight, Mountain View, Calif.).
Acute Mouse Lung Infection Model: P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 was grown overnight in MHB at 35° C. The bacterial suspensions were adjusted to approximately 1−6×10⁵ CFU/ml by correlation of the absorbance at 600 nm with predetermined plate counts. Female Swiss mice were made neutropenic by the intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (Baxter, Deerfield) on days 1 and 3. On day 4, mice were infected by intratracheal (IT) instillation of 0.05 ml of inoculum using a curved oral gavage tip attached to a 1 ml syringe. Antibiotic treatments started 24 h post-infection and were administered once or twice daily for 24 or 48 h. Antibiotics were aerosolized using a microspray aerosol device. All infections and aerosol treatments were performed under isoflurane anesthesia (5% isoflurane in oxygen running at 4 L/min). An untreated group of mice (n=8) was sacrificed prior to the initiation of treatment to determine baseline bacterial counts. The treated animals (n=8) were sacrificed 12-16 h following the last antibiotic dose by carbon dioxide asphyxiation. The lungs were removed aseptically and homogenized (Pro200 homogenizer, Pro Scientific, Monroe, Conn.) in 1 ml of sterile saline. Serial 10-fold dilutions of the homogenized lung were plated on Mueller-hinton agar (MHA), and colonies counted. For survival studies, mice (n=10) were observed for 7 days after the end of treatment or a total of 9 days post-infection.
Chronic Mouse Lung Infection Model: P. aeruginosa NH57388A was cultured in 50 ml MHB for 24-28 h at 37° C. with shaking (170 rpm). Bacterial cells were harvested by centrifugation (23,000×g, 30 min, at 4° C.) and resuspended in 3-6 ml of MHB (Hoffmann, N. T. B. et al. 2005. Novel mouse model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection mimicking cystic fibrosis. Infect Immun 73:2504-14, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety). The bacterial suspension was diluted (1:10) in the alginate suspension to yield about 10⁸ CFU/ml. Initial establishment of infection was achieved by a transient neutropenia using a single 150 mg/kg IP dose of cyclophosphamide 4 days prior to infection. On day 4, the mice were infected using a curved bead-tipped oral gavage attached to a 1 ml syringe while under isoflurane anesthesia. Antibiotic treatments started 24 h post-infection and were administered twice daily for three consecutive days with various concentrations of antibiotics either by the IP route or by aerosol using a microspray device. 12-16 h following the last treatment, mice were sacrificed and colony counts in the lung determined as described herein.
Statistical Analysis: Survival and lung bacterial counts were analyzed by log-rank and the Mann-Whitney U test (GraphPad Prism version of 4.03), respectively. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics
The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the P. aeruginosa strains used in animal studies are shown in Table 22. Tobramycin was the most potent antibiotic in vitro, with MICs of <1 μg/ml, levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ and levofloxacin had MICs of 1 and 2 μg/ml, and aztreonam had MICs of 4 μg/ml against both strains
TABLE 22 MIC (μg/ml) Levofloxacin P. aeruginosa formulated Levo- strain with MgCl₂ floxacin Tobramycin Aztreonam ATCC27853 1 1 0.25 4 NIH57388A CF 2 2 0.5 4 Mouse Pharmacokinetics
Normalized lung pharmacokinetic parameters for levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ and levofloxacin are shown in Table 23. Aerosol administration of 60 mg/kg levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ produced values for levofloxacin AUC and C_(max) that were 9 and 30-fold higher than those achieved with dose normalized intraperitoneal administration of levofloxacin.
TABLE 23 Levofloxacin Levofloxacin formulated formulated Parameter with MgCl₂ in Saline Route of Administration Aerosol IP Dose (mg/kg) 60 20 C_(max) (mg/kg) 550 6.2 (18.6) (Normalized to 60 mg/kg) AUC (hr · mg/kg) 106 4.1 (12.3) (Normalized to 60 mg/kg) Aerosol Levofloxacin Formulated with MgCl₂ Vs. Systemic Levofloxacin in Acute and Chronic Lung Infection Models
In the acute lung infection model, aerosol treatment with 125, 62.5, and 32 mg/kg of levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ produced 5.9, 4.3, and 2.3 log CFU reductions in lung bacterial counts, respectively (FIG. 16). Systemic treatment with 125, 62.5, and 32 mg/kg of levofloxacin produced 3.5, 2.7, and 0.65 log CFU reductions, respectively. The reduction in bacterial counts with aerosol levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ was greater than that observed with IP levofloxacin on a per dose basis (p<0.05).
In the chronic lung infection model, intraperitoneal treatment with 60, 30, and 15 mg/kg of levofloxacin in saline produced a 0.15, 0.32, and 0.83 log increase in bacterial counts, respectively (FIG. 17). In contrast, aerosol dosing with 60, 30, and 15 mg/kg of levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ produced 1.26, 0.62, and 0.07 log decreases in bacterial counts, respectively. Overall, bacterial load in the lung was significantly lower in mice treated with aerosolized levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ compared to systemic levofloxacin on a dose per dose basis in both infection models (p<0.05 for levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ vs. systemic levofloxacin).
Aerosol Levofloxacin, Tobramycin, and Aztreonam in an Acute Lethal Lung Infection Model
To compare the effects of levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂, tobramycin, and aztreonam in the acute lung infection model, mice were infected with P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and treated by the aerosol route twice a day for 2 consecutive days. Due to toxicity, tobramycin was limited to a 60 mg/kg maximum dose and aztreonam was limited to 400 mg/kg maximum dose. In addition, due to the need for anesthesia for treatment, the maximum number of daily doses was limited to two.
As shown in FIG. 18, aerosol dosing with levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂, tobramycin, and aztreonam produced mean reductions of 4.10, 2.70, and 0.24 log CFU per lung, respectively (p<0.05 for comparisons of levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ with aztreonam). Notably, administration of the same total daily dose of levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ as single or twice daily doses resulted in similar reductions in P. aeruginosa counts in the lung.
Survival was monitored over 9 days. As shown in FIG. 19, all untreated mice succumbed to the infection after 3 days. Treatment with 800 mg/kg/day (400 mg/kg BID) aerosolized aztreonam had the lowest survival rate among the antibiotics used in this study (20%) and was not significantly different from untreated mice (p>0.05). Treatment with 120 mg/kg/day (60 mg/kg BID) tobramycin produced a 60% survival rate which was statistically different than controls (p<0.05). Treatment with 120 mg/kg/day levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ as either 120 mg/kg QD or 60 mg/kg BID produced 100% survival which was significantly different from untreated controls or aztreonam (p<0.05), but not significantly different from tobramycin (p=0.056).
Aerosol Levofloxacin, Tobramycin, and Aztreonam in a Chronic Lung Infection Model
Aerosolized levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂, tobramycin and aztreonam produced mean log CFU reductions of 3.3, 2.9, and 1.25, respectively (FIG. 20). Aerosolized doses of either tobramycin or levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ produced significantly lower bacterial counts compared to aztreonam, or untreated control groups (p<0.05).
These in vivo studies show that aerosol dosing of levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ produces greater antibacterial killing than systemic dosing in both acute and chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection models. Notably, twice daily dosing with levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ reduced the lung bacterial load by an extent similar to or greater than that observed with aerosolized tobramycin and aztreonam (FIG. 18). This reduction in bacterial load in the lungs translated to improved survival (FIG. 19).
In addition, comparisons of single- versus twice-daily dosing of levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ showed comparable bacterial killing and survival, suggesting that once-daily treatment with levofloxacin formulated with MgCl₂ may be possible in patients. Once daily administration of a medicament is particularly advantageous over multiple administrations, where multiple administrations are inconvenient to patients and can result in poor adherence to treatment.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Numerous variations, changes, and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described herein may be employed in practicing the invention. It is intended that the following claims define the scope of the invention and that methods and structures within the scope of these claims and their equivalents be covered thereby.
All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.
What is claimed:
1. A method for treating a pulmonary infection, comprising administering to a human having said pulmonary infection an aerosol of a solution comprising levofloxacin or ofloxacin and a divalent or trivalent cation to achieve a maximum lung sputum concentration (C_(max)) of at least 1200 mg/L and a lung sputum area under the curve (AUC) of at least 1500 h·mg/L, wherein the solution comprises a divalent or trivalent cation concentration from about 50 mM to about 400 mM, and a levofloxacin or ofloxacin concentration from between about 50 mg/ml to about 200 mg/ml.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution consists essentially of levofloxacin or ofloxacin and the divalent or trivalent cation.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprises no lactose.
4. The method of claim 1, comprising achieving a maximum lung sputum concentration (C_(max)) of at least 1700 mg/L.
5. The method of claim 1, comprising achieving a maximum lung sputum concentration (C_(max)) of at least 2000 mg/L.
6. The method of claim 1, comprising achieving a maximum lung sputum concentration (C_(max)) of at least 3000 mg/L.
7. The method of claim 1, comprising achieving a maximum lung sputum concentration (C_(max)) of at least 4000 mg/L.
8. The method of claim 1, comprising achieving a lung sputum area under the curve (AUC) of at least 1700 h·mg/L.
9. The method of claim 1, comprising achieving a lung sputum area under the curve (AUC) of at least 2000 h·mg/L.
10. The method of claim 1, comprising achieving a lung sputum area under the curve (AUC) of at least 3000 h·mg/L.
11. The method of claim 1, comprising achieving a lung sputum area under the curve (AUC) of at least 4000 h·mg/L.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprises a divalent or trivalent cation concentration from about 100 mM to about 300 mM, and a levofloxacin or ofloxacin concentration from about 75 mg/ml to about 150 mg/ml.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprises a divalent or trivalent cation concentration from about 150 mM to about 250 mM, and a levofloxacin or ofloxacin concentration from about 90 mg/ml to about 125 mg/ml.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprises an osmolality from about 300 mOsmol/kg to about 600 mOsmol/kg, and a pH from about 5 to about
8. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprises an osmolality from about 350 mOsmol/kg to about 425 mOsmol/kg, and a pH from about 5 to about 6.5.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprises a pH from about 5.5 to about 6.5.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein the divalent or trivalent cation is selected from magnesium, calcium, zinc, copper, aluminum, and iron.
18. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprises magnesium chloride.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprises a levofloxacin or ofloxacin concentration from about 90 mg/ml to about 110 mg/ml, a magnesium chloride concentration from about 175 mM to about 225 mM, a pH from about 5 to about 7; an osmolarity from about 300 mOsmol/kg to about 500 mOsmol/kg, and lacks lactose.
20. The method of claim 1, wherein the human has a pulmonary disorder selected from the group consisting of cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and asthma.
21. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection comprises one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas acidovorans, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Pseudomonas putida, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Aeromonas hydrophilia, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Salmonella enteritidis, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Serratia marcescens, Morganella morganii, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Providencia alcalifaciens, Providencia rettgeri, Providencia stuartii, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Acinetobacter haemolyticus, Yersinia enterocolitica, Yersinia pestis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Yersinia intermedia, Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Haemophilus haemolyticus, Haemophilus parahaemolyticus, Haemophilus ducreyi, Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella haemolytica, Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Borrelia burgdorferi, Vibrio cholera, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Legionella pneumophila, Listeria monocytogenes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Burkholderia cepacia, Francisella tularensis, Kingella, and Moraxella.
22. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection is caused by a gram-negative anaerobic bacteria.
23. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection is caused by one or more of the bacteria selected from the group consisting of Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides 3452A homology group, Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides ovalus, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides eggerthii, and Bacteroides splanchnicus.
24. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection is caused by a gram-positive bacteria.
25. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection is caused by one or more of the bacteria selected from the group consisting of Corynebacterium diphtherias, Corynebacterium ulcerans, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus milleri; Streptococcus (Group G); Streptococcus (Group C/F); Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus intermedius, Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. hyicus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, and Staphylococcus saccharolyticus.
26. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection is caused by a gram-positive anaerobic bacteria.
27. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection is caused by one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tetini, and Clostridium botulinum.
28. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection is caused by an acid-fast bacteria.
29. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection is caused by one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, and Mycobacterium leprae.
30. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection is caused by an atypical bacteria.
31. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulmonary infection is caused by one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
32. The method of claim 1, wherein the aerosol comprises a mass median aerodynamic diameter from about 2 microns to about 5 microns with a geometric standard deviation less than or equal to about 2.5 microns.
33. The method of claim 1, wherein the aerosol comprises a mass median aerodynamic diameter from about 2.5 microns to about 4.5 microns with a geometric standard deviation less than or equal to about 1.8 microns.
34. The method of claim 1, wherein the aerosol comprises a mass median aerodynamic diameter from about 2.8 microns to about 4.3 microns with a geometric standard deviation less than or equal to about 2 microns.
35. The method of claim 1, comprising producing the aerosol with a vibrating mesh nebulizer.
36. The method of claim 35, wherein the vibrating mesh nebulizer is a PARI E-FLOW® nebulizer.
37. The method of claim 1, wherein a respirable drug dose (RDD) of at least about 20 mg of levofloxacin or ofloxacin is administered to the lung.
38. The method of claim 1, wherein a respirable drug dose (RDD) of at least about 100 mg of levofloxacin or ofloxacin is administered to the lung.
39. The method of claim 1, wherein a respirable drug dose (RDD) of at least about 125 mg of levofloxacin or ofloxacin is administered to the lung.
40. The method of claim 1, wherein a respirable drug dose (RDD) of at least about 150 mg of levofloxacin or ofloxacin is administered to the lung.
41. The method of claim 1, wherein a loaded dose of at least about 100 mg is aerosolized.
42. The method of claim 1, wherein a loaded dose of at least about 200 mg is aerosolized.
43. The method of claim 1, wherein a loaded dose of at least about 300 mg is aerosolized.
44. The method of claim 1, wherein the aerosol is administered to the lung in less than about 10 minutes.
45. The method of claim 1, wherein the aerosol is administered to the lung in less than about 5 minutes.
46. The method of claim 1, wherein the aerosol is administered to the lung in less than about 3 minutes.
47. The method of claim 1, wherein the aerosol is administered to the lung in less than about 2 minutes.
48. The method of claim 1, further comprising co-administering an additional active agent selected from the group consisting of antibiotics, bronchodilators, anticholinergics, glucocorticoids, eicosanoid inhibitors, CFTR modulators, agents to restore airway surface liquid, anti-inflammatory agents, and combinations thereof.
49. The method of claim 48, wherein co-administering comprises inhaling the additional active agent.
50. The method of claim 48, wherein the antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of tobramycin, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, tetracycline, quinupristin, linezolid, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol, colisitin and combinations thereof.
51. The method of claim 48, wherein the bronchodilator is selected from the group consisting of salbutamol, levosalbuterol, terbutaline, fenoterol, terbutlaine, pirbuterol, procaterol, bitolterol, rimiterol, carbuterol, tulobuterol, reproterol, salmeterol, formoterol, arformoterol, bambuterol, clenbuterol, indacterol, theophylline, roflumilast, cilomilast, and combinations thereof.
52. The method of claim 48, wherein the anticholinergic is selected from the group consisting of ipratropium, tiotropium, and combinations thereof.
53. The method of claim 48, wherein the glucocorticoid is selected from the group consisting of prednisone, fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, beclomethasone, and combinations thereof.
54. The method of claim 48, wherein the CFTR modulator is selected from the group consisting of VX-770, atluren, VX-809, and combinations thereof.
55. The method of claim 48, wherein the agents to restore airway surface liquid is selected from the group consisting of denufosol, mannitol, GS-9411, SPI-8811, and combinations thereof.
56. The method of claim 48, wherein the anti-inflammatory agent is selected from the group consisting of ibuprofen, sildenafil, simavastatin, and combinations thereof.
57. The method of claim 48, wherein the eicosanoid inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of montelukast, pranlukast, zafirlukast, zileuton, ramatroban, seratrodast, and combinations thereof.
58. The method of claim 1, comprising administering the aerosol once daily.
59. The method of claim 1, comprising administering the aerosol twice daily.
60. A method of treating a chronic lung infection, comprising administering to a subject having a chronic lung infection an aerosol of a solution comprising levofloxacin or ofloxacin and a divalent or trivalent cation to achieve a maximum lung sputum concentration (C_(max)) of at least 1200 mg/L and a lung sputum area under the curve (AUC) of at least 1500 h·mg/L, wherein the solution comprises a divalent or trivalent cation concentration from about 50 mM to about 400 mM, and a levofloxacin or ofloxacin concentration from between about 50 mg/ml to about 200 mg/ml.
61. The method of claim 60, wherein the solution consists essentially of levofloxacin or ofloxacin and the divalent or trivalent cation.
62. The method of claim 60, wherein the solution comprises no lactose.
63. The method of claim 60, wherein the human has a pulmonary disorder selected from the group consisting of cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, pneumonia, and asthma.
64. The method of claim 60, wherein the solution comprises a divalent or trivalent cation concentration from about 100 mM to about 300 mM, and a levofloxacin or ofloxacin concentration from about 75 mg/ml to about 150 mg/ml.
65. The method of claim 60, wherein the solution comprises a divalent or trivalent cation concentration from about 150 mM to about 250 mM, and a levofloxacin or ofloxacin concentration from about 90 mg/ml to about 125 mg/ml.
66. The method of claim 60, wherein the solution comprises an osmolality from about 300 mOsmol/kg to about 600 mOsmol/kg, and a pH from about 5 to about
8. 67. The method of claim 60, wherein the solution comprises an osmolality from about 350 mOsmol/kg to about 425 mOsmol/kg, and a pH from about 5 to about 6.5.
68. The method of claim 60, wherein the solution comprises a pH from about 5.5 to about 6.5.
69. The method of claim 60, wherein the divalent or trivalent cation is selected from magnesium, calcium, zinc, copper, aluminum, and iron.
70. The method of claim 60, wherein the solution comprises magnesium chloride.
71. The method of claim 60, further comprising co-administering an additional active agent selected from the group consisting of antibiotics, bronchodilators, anticholinergics, glucocorticoids, eicosanoid inhibitors, and combinations thereof.
72. The method of claim 71, wherein co-administering comprises inhaling the additional active agent.
73. The method of claim 71, wherein the antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of tobramycin, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, tetracycline, quinupristin, linezolid, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol, colisitin and combinations thereof.
74. The method of claim 71, wherein the bronchodilator is selected from the group consisting of salbutamol, levosalbuterol, terbutaline, fenoterol, terbutlaine, pirbuterol, procaterol, bitolterol, rimiterol, carbuterol, tulobuterol, reproterol, salmeterol, formoterol, arformoterol, bambuterol, clenbuterol, indacterol, theophylline, roflumilast, cilomilast, and combinations thereof.
75. The method of claim 71, wherein the anticholinergic is selected from the group consisting of ipratropium, tiotropium, and combinations thereof.
76. The method of claim 71, wherein the glucocorticoid is selected from the group consisting of prednisone, fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, beclomethasone, and combinations thereof.
77. The method of claim 71, wherein the eicosanoid inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of montelukast, pranlukast, zafirlukast, zileuton, ramatroban, seratrodast, and combinations thereof.
78. The method of claim 60, comprising administering the aerosol once daily.
79. The method of claim 60, comprising administering the aerosol twice daily.
80. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprises a levofloxacin or ofloxacin concentration from about 90 mg/ml to about 110 mg/ml, a magnesium chloride concentration from about 175 mM to about 225 mM, a pH from about 5 to about 7; an osmolarity from about 300 mOsmol/kg to about 500 mOsmol/kg, and lacks lactose..
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'US-57468009-A_3', 'collection': 'USPTO', 'open_type': 'Open Government', 'license': 'Public Domain', 'date': '2009.0', 'title': 'None', 'creator': 'None', 'language': 'English', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '4785', 'token_count': '8203', '__index_level_0__': '25261', 'original_id': '19a3ca21f626b2d0755af2061f4219dade90641b954b3f4e73369961938fa624'} |
[Is sympathetic hyperactivity a coronary risk factor?].
Clinical and experimental data have suggested a role of enhanced sympathetic nervous activity in the pathogenesis and evolution of coronary heart disease. A significant relationship was observed between the circadian pattern of plasma catecholamine levels and the onset of coronary events, which occur most frequently in the early morning, concomitance with sympathetic activation. An enhanced sympathetic tone is frequently observed in both the acute phase of myocardial infarction and in the postinfarction period, potentiating myocardial damage and increasing the risk of arrhythmias. An indirect demonstration of the importance of sympathetic activation arises from the results of several trials on the effects of beta-blocker treatment during and after myocardial infarction, showing a significant reduction in total mortality, sudden deaths and reinfarction. There is accumulating evidence that repeated activation of sympathetic nervous system may contribute to atheroma development and progression. Enhanced sympathetic activity seems to be involved in the pathogenesis and maintenance of essential hypertension as well as in its natural history, contributing to the development of left ventricular hypertrophy and vascular hypertrophy. The problems in measuring and defining the various levels of autonomic activity in human beings and the complexity of the relationship between nervous and non nervous factors in cardiovascular diseases make difficult to establish whether sympathetic hyperactivity represents an independent cardiovascular risk factor. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '9a555adcc90ffbeb4f13f4b6a0e8858afd5a3d72f5c3ffaa62ee45db221724ea'} |
All Women's Talk
Let's Put STD Awareness Month in Perspective ...
By Deeceebee
STD Awareness Month is here and people are going to try to scare you or bore you with statistics. Here are a few snippets of real world information that will help you deal with all this scaremongering and squeamish subject matter so that you can take away a more sensible message by the end of April. That message is simply to be a little more careful. Throwing caution to the wind is okay if you are entering a cake shop, but that cake is not going to affect the way you pass water in two weeks. So let’s put STD Awareness Month in perspective here.
1 It is Scary to Think about
It is scary to think about the fact you can sleep with someone and get a disease for the rest of your life. The stuff you can catch is positively frightening if you look up some pictures, and not to devalue the discomfort women get, but the ones for men look far far worse. A man is not defined by his penis, but it certainly has an effect on his life, and if you don’t believe that, then talk to a guy that just lost his. The last thing you want is sores and pus coming from it.
2 Stop Trying to Scare Us
It doesn’t work for smoking ads, so why would it work for STD ads? The smoking adverts show you pictures of men with big lumps on their necks and a pair of black lungs. It’s gross but it affects nobody because you can walk around the street and see successful and beautiful people smoking that have never had an ill day in their life. If they at least brought the ads back to earth a little it may help, like showing the difference between the skin and wrinkles of a 40yr old woman’s face that smoked for 20 years and one that has never smoked.
They do the same with STD adverts. They show you some guys back full of red blotches or a rash down a woman’s bikini line, and it is gross, but it is all forgotten the next time a hot woman suggests going home for coffee and you don’t have any condoms. They could at least bring it back to earth a little, like showing a guy out with the lads and they are all having a great time but he cannot drink because he’s on penicillin. Or, scare women by showing a group of men at work giving their opinions about a woman that has genital warts. Those sorts of things will scare people into thinking twice, not a picture of a lip with a nasty mark on it because most people don’t know or see that sort of thing 99% of the time.
3 Will There Be Scaremongering during STD Awareness Month?
Oh yes, there are plenty of marketing agents that have not had sex in 30 years and they are going to enjoy filling adverts with some very nasty pictures to try to scare you.
Don’t pay too much attention to the slogans because they too are often pointless, like saying, “If you sleep with that person unprotected, then you are sleeping with every person they have been with.” Sounds convincing to a marketing agent, but it is like saying that every time you sit on a toilet seat you are touching butts with every person that has ever sat down there! Don’t let the foolish machinations of dried up marketing departments pull you away from the real issues.
If you see any adverts then at least pay attention to just how many illnesses you can get from unprotected sex, and then start asking yourself if you really want to go unprotected with that stranger you just met. Plus, there are some things that you get for life and it’s never worth it (unless you got it in the threesome with Brad Pitt and Johnny Depp).
4 Sick of Statistics
You are going to hear a lot of them during STD Awareness Month, so let’s separate the poignant from the pointless. There is one that says, “People with gonorrhea, herpes, and syphilis are more likely to catch HIV.” What they fail to point out is that some people don’t learn their lesson! If they are dumb enough to ride all they see without a condom, then they are going to pick up some nasty diseases.
“One out of five people with an STD don’t know they have it”. Now that is a statistic we need to hear. Remember it only says people “with” an STD, and not that 1 out of 5 people have one. What we need to hear is that there is a chance you may have an STD and not know it. That is enough to make some people think, “Hmm, I should get tested now and again.” That alone will make a bigger impact than telling us that 20 million people get an STD every year - because we don’t know them. There are not people falling over at bus stops as if there is a plague hitting the streets, but knowing that some STDs are quiet and sneaky is enough to convince most people to get tested from time to time.
Don’t let STD Awareness Month scare you away from sex, especially if you are in a loving relationship. Take it in perspective, stop throwing caution to the wind, and you will be alright.
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mettre à la disposition d'assistant (e) s maternel (le) s agréé (e) s, en échange d'une participation mensuelle aux charges et frais de fonctionnement de la MAM, des locaux entièrement dédiés à l'accueil de jeunes enfants ; ces locaux étant aménagés et équipés de façon à ce que les assistant (e) s maternel (le) s puissent y exercer leur métier dans des conditions optimales, tant pour ces professionnel (le) s que pour les enfants accueillis et leurs parents ; participer au bien-être et à la socialisation des enfants accueillis dans un principe de bienveillance en prenant en compte chaque enfant dans son individualité tout en offrant l'avantage d'être en groupe restreint ; organiser ponctuellement ou régulièrement des activités d'éveil à destinations des enfants accueillis (sorties, ateliers, activités) ainsi que des rencontres centrées autour de la petite enfance ; | common_corpus | {'identifier': '2017061000154', 'collection': 'French Open Data', 'open_type': 'Open Government', 'license': 'Licence ouverte', 'date': '2017.0', 'title': 'MAM A MIA', 'creator': 'ASSOCIATIONS', 'language': 'French', 'language_type': 'Spoken', 'word_count': '138', 'token_count': '202', '__index_level_0__': '38169', 'original_id': 'e68bdf7c8d6b08eac8c950567648083908fb02ed699f50866c2d89fc3ac4f8d9'} |
VIC Workplace Investigation
Discussion in 'Employment Law Forum' started by flyingdoc, 9 December 2018.
1. flyingdoc
flyingdoc Member
9 December 2018
Likes Received:
I am a volunteer, in a government authority, allegations were made against me that were referred to an external private company to investigate. This company were given details of the allegations against me as well as my personal contact details. The government authority had made no attempt to resolve the issues themselves with me ( I may well have admitted them or provided a valid reason or had evidence to refute them, or may well have just decided to resign) . The authority did not seek my permission to refer the allegations to an external HR company. The issues themselves were unbelievably trivial..waving arms and speaking over someone in a meeting. To make matters worse the authority concerned decided to cancel the original investigator ( advising them they were no longer required because it was being dealt with in house) and then employing a second company to investigate it the following week. . As a professional with a reputation to protect I now have 2 HR firms having my personal details and reports of untested allegations against me. Has my privacy been breached? Do I have any legal recourse?
2. Rod
Rod Lawyer
LawTap Verified
27 May 2014
Likes Received:
No. Because the information you mention likely doesn't fit the definitions contained in the privacy act, and secondly the act does not give you any legal recourse.
The Office of the Victorian Information Commissioner can investigate complaints, it can make recommendations, it can produce reports, it can give guidance to the relevant agency. And that's about it when it comes to privacy.
The ONLY right you have is the right to make a complaint. There is no cause of action for breaches of the privacy act. No compensation, no injunctions, no courts orders, no nothing.
I really can't see any point in complaining because Victoria's privacy act is toothless.
Australian and Victorian privacy laws are a sop to placate the public. Both Governments can put their hand up and say, yes, we have laws to protect your right to privacy, but except for a few limited areas such as health and credit reporting, there has been no serious attempt to give us rights that are enforceable in a court of law.
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The Apparition
by Joseph "Jay Dub" Wade
EXPECTATIONS: Everything I have read about The Apparition makes it sound like a half-hearted attempt at combining the suburban nightmares of The Grudge and Poltergeist, but suggests nothing about what is supposed to set this film apart from either of them. Then again, everything I've read about The Apparition can be found in a single unsourced Wikipedia blurb. I haven't even seen a trailer for this film, so it could secretly be Ghostbusters III for all I know. I'm not counting on it, though.
It's like Insidious, if Insidious was shit.REALITY: Few horror films are as short and as unambitious as The Apparition. This is an 82-minute film that gives us an interesting hook for a horror story and offers a number of thematic avenues to explore, but it pursues absolutely none of them. At times, this film seems like it doesn't even want to commit to its own premise. It is the film equivalent of a kid cutting a campfire story short with "and then they all die" because that kid sucks at telling stories.
In 1973, a team of parapsychologists conducted an experiment to see if they could contact the spirit world. Their success leads a present-day team of scientists to try repeating the experiment. Scientist Patrick (Tom Felton, in a rare non-villainous role) and his assistant Ben (Sebastian Stan) pull it off, except that the ghost they conjure winds up killing a member of their team. Guilt-stricken and self-exiled, Ben is living in a desert town with his girlfriend Kelly (Ashley Greene) when he discovers that the spirit has followed him and is now haunting his new home.
Logic and reason are two elements that kind of go out the window when you're dealing with a horror film. The entire genre is predicated on the idea that we fear the things we don't understand, so it makes sense for a horror film to withhold certain information until we absolutely need it. Where The Apparition fails as a film is in telling us nothing about the ghost until mere moments from the end credits. Or rather, the things we learn about the ghost are incorrect, because the characters in the film are scientists trying to quantify the supernatural. Our knowledge of the ghost comes from bad science and wrong assumptions, which, in a better film, would be a unique spin on haunted-house movies. Here, writer/director Todd Lincoln is just blatantly lying to the audience.
Guess who?
The ghost spends most of its time skulking about Ben and Kelly's house and manifesting itself in a number of forms, each completely different than the last, and none of them scarier than any naturally occurring household phenomena. It opens locked doors, grows disgusting mold patterns, and quietly kills their neighbor's dog. At one point, Ben discovers what looks like a giant hornet nest in his kitchen, but when he stupidly pokes at it with a broom handle, nothing happens. In fact, the very next scene shatters what tension they managed to build as we see him bagging it up and throwing it in the garbage. For a while, it seems as though The Apparition is going to turn into a horror film about the anxieties of being a homeowner. Nothing truly terrifying happens until the two flee their home for a hotel room, where we discover that the house isn't haunted. They are! There goes one interesting interpretation...
What little we do learn about the film's ghost we gather from its encounters with Patrick, who claims ghosts can be conjured through "channeled, intentional belief." While the scenes of Patrick fiddling with his Ouija machines threaten to steer the film dangerously close to Ghostbusters territory, they do bring up yet another possible avenue the film could have taken: the relation between science and faith. While the film's tagline ("Once you believe, you die") calls to mind Freddy Krueger more than anything else, it's made clear that having faith is the first step toward manifesting an evil spirit. Religious iconography doesn't enter the equation until nearly the end, and by that time we're too busy waiting for the ghost to either kill somebody or go home. It marks yet another possible theme that the film could have developed had Lincoln workshopped his script a little bit longer.
It's like The Blair Witch Project, if The Blair Witch Project was shit.There is no rhyme or reason for the things the ghost is doing until the closing narration that explains why everything we just saw made no sense. Part of it ties back into the film's notion that science doesn't understand the supernatural, but the longer the narration goes, the more we realize the ghost (and, by extension, Todd Lincoln) is simply being a dick.
I like the idea of a ghost actively trying to figure out what will scare us, but here it comes off as an excuse to pull a number of scary moments out of a hat, scribble a story around them, and then tell us through narration that it was all according to some grand plan. I could do the same thing with this review by tossing up a few bullet points, jotting down some notes in between them and then saying "And then they all died! Review done good!" but that's not smart writing. That's dumb writing; aggressively dumb. A good horror film (hell, any good film) presents a scenario with a solution that ties back into the rest of the film. The Apparition introduces the concept of Purgatory at the zero hour, because even though the film is well into the third act, it's still desperately searching for something to be about.
I'm man enough to admit that I am afraid of the things I don't understand, and that includes this movie. This movie terrifies me. I don't understand the choices writer/director Todd Lincoln has made here, I don't understand why the film's thematic core seems to shift focus four-fifths of the way through, and I really don't understand the way this film tries to define Purgatory. This film insults me on a critical level, confounds me on a narrative level, and frightens me on an ideological level. I was hoping this would be a subversive piece of horror filmmaking on the level of Crazy Eights favorite Insidious, but instead The Apparition is a complete and utter disappointment. Never has a horror film done so little work with so much material.
Ghost Busting1/10
Opportunities MissedAll of Them
MINORITY REPORT: This whole "it's not the house that's haunted" gimmick has run its course. It was a novel concept when Paranormal Activity and Insidious did it, but now it's leaked down to a whole crop of movies that should be direct-to-DVD and ... I mean, can't we just go back to a plain old haunted house? There's a reason this trope has endured some 600 years in western literature: It works, and it's like Mad Libs for an infinite variety of scary shit.
While this "it's not the house that's haunted" bullshit has yielded two modern classics, it's quite limiting: Suddenly the writer must explain a) why the character hasn't dealt with this shit before now or b) how the haunting remained dormant before the first reel. Then again, maybe I'm expending far too much energy on a film the studio couldn't be arsed to reserve for October, when the good horror films come to theaters. -Sean "Keanu Grieves" Hanson
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Uncle Jimmy
Another excellent rabbit job by Kevin Fuller. Kid has paced from redic times for Penn Staters.
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FALL 1997
All Philosophy classes will be held in the Department Conference Room, Main Building, Room 503M, except G83.2280 Contemporary Political Philosophy, G83.2282 Philosophy of Law and G83 2284 Contemporary Ethical Theory.
G83.2226-001 Metaphysics
R 02:00 - 04:00
Causation: Topics may include: What causes what-events, states, properties; counterfactual vs nomological accounts; mental causation; why (or whether) causation is a useful notion, and whether it is an essentially macroscopic notion; causation at a distance; must a cause be earlier than its effects; why do we explain by giving causes rather than effects; why do we bring about effects by producing their causes instead of the other way around; the relation between singular and general causal claims; the relation between correlation and causation.
G83.2280-001 Contemporary Political Philosophy
Prof. Nagel
T 02:00 - 04:00 Note: Same as L06.3009
The course will follow the Law School calendar, with the first meeting on August 26. A study of recent developments in political theory, including the topics of justice, liberty, equality, democracy, and individual rights, through the work of John Rawls, Ronald Dworkin, T.M. Scanlon, Joseph Raz, G.A. Cohen, Samuel Scheffler, and others.
G83.2282-001 Philosophy of Law
Prof. Murphy
To Be Arranged Note: Same as L06.3005
The course surveys twentieth-century contributions to legal philosophy. In addition to the central debate between H.L.A. Hart and Ronald Dworkin over the concept of law we discuss Natural Law Theory, Legal Realism, Critical Legal Studies, Feminist Jurisprudence, Critical Race Theory, and some aspects of Postmodern Legal Theory. The course begins with a very brief introduction to the methods of moral and political theory. There is a take-home examination, with a paper option for half the credit for the course.
G83.2284-001 Contemporary Ethical Theory
Prof. Kamm
W 04:00 - 06:00
This seminar will examine the structure of nonconsequentialism, including
(1) distinctions between harming and not aiding; (2) intending harm and merely foreseeing harm; (3) when it is permissible to harm some and aid others; (4) the nature and justification of a prerogative not to produce the best state of affairs or to maximize good; (5) the nature of rights that serve as constraints on agents' conduct and the associated idea of inviolability; (6) the relation between duties, prerogatives and supererogation.
The text will be Morality, Mortality, vol II. by F. M. Kamm (Oxford Univeristy Press, 1996), and other selected contemporary material. Requirements: short class presentation and a twenty page final term paper.
G83.2285-001 Ethics: Selected Topics
Moral Concepts
Prof. Svavarsdottir
T 06:30 - 08:30
This Selected Topics seminar will give you a fairly comprehensive overview of the main issues and positions within contemporary metaethics: the study of the nature and grounds of moral judgments. However, the main focus will be on questions about moral concepts. Questions like: Are there moral concepts or are there merely moral "pseudo-concepts" as Ayer has claimed? To what does this distinction amount anyway? If there are moral concepts, what is distinctive about them? How are answers to these questions affected by our background theory of concepts? Does the study of moral concepts provide new insights for the study of concepts in general? We will read a selection of contemporary articles, many of them published in a recent anthology edited by Darwall, Gibbard, Railton: Moral Discourse and Practice (Oxford, 1997).
G83.2226-002 Metaphysics
M 03:30 - 06:00
A unifying topic of this course is one philosophers typically label "Personal Identity"; it's really (more like) the conditions minimally required for one of us to exist at both an earlier and a later time. Our work will lead us to consider quite a few other central topics in metaphysics, as well as in matters of prudential and moral concern. Right now focusing on metaphysical matters, here are a few of the issues we'll be exploring: What is the relation between you and your (presumably living) body? How is it that some of the world's matter now constitutes your body, and (presumably) some of it now constitutes you? Even assuming that there is some such thing, what is matter; what's the difference between space occupied by matter ("material space") and space occupied by no matter (materially empty space)? While we'll become very deeply involved in such metaphysical matters, we'll also get greatly involved in issues of prudential and moral concern.
Much of the reading for the course will be from photo-copies that will be placed on our "reading reserve." As well, much will be from three recent books that, at 50% discount, students may buy from Professor Unger: 1. Eric Olson's The Human Animal: Personal Identity without Psychology (OUP,1997) 2. Michael Rea (ed.), Material Constitution : A Reader (Rowman & Littlefield, 1997 paperback) 3. Peter Unger's Identity, Consciousness and Value (OUP 1990, but paperback 1992).
Toward gaining an understanding of (some of) this course's main topics, and towards producing some good philosophical work, throughout this seminar students will do a lot of writing including a lot of rewriting. Students needn't, and probably shouldn't, write lengthy papers, with many pages. What's important is that, before the very end of the course, a student will have written some philosophically good pages.
While the professors fully intend for all of the students to work very hard, we also intend for the course to proceed in a manner that's more cooperative than competitive.
G83.2294-002 Philosophy of Mind
Prof. Strawson
T 04:00 - 06:00
The Self and the Sense of the Self
Many analytic philosophers think that the problem of the self is disreputable or illusory. Others think it can be reduced to a few points of philosophical logic. Or that philosophy must increasingly defer to experimental psychology. Few are really satisfied by these approaches, however; and if they are they ought not to be.
I aim to show why this is so, and to develop a new framework in which to approach the problem. I will argue that phenomenology must precede metaphysics when one approaches the question of the nature and existence of the self, and raise four main questions. The first is the local phenomenological question (1) What is the nature of the human sense of the self (in so far as we can generalize about it)? This triggers the general phenomenological question (2) Are there other possibilities, when it comes to a sense of the self? (Can we describe the minimal case of genuine possession of a sense of the self)? The answers to (1) and (2) raise the conditions question. (3) What are the grounds or preconditions of possession of a sense of the self? and (3) raises a battery of subsidiary questions. (It is best approached via the familiar question `What are the necessary conditions of self-consciousness?' I will suggest that many have overestimated the strength of the conditions that can be established as necessary for self-consciousness.) But progress is being made, at least potentially. For if one can produce satisfactory answers to (1), (2), and (3), I think one can finally get into a good position to raise and answer the factual question, the straightforwardly metaphysical question (4) Is there (could there be) such a thing as the self? I will try to remove some very large obstacles, both real and imagined, to answer Yes to question (4).
READING: There are no large primary texts, but most of you will already know some some of the most useful starting points.
More detailed reading lists for each week will be circulated in advance of each week's meeting.
G83.3300-001 Philosophical Research
To Be Arranged
G83.3301-001 Philosophical Research
To Be Arranged
G83.3302-001 Colloquium in Law, Philosophy & Political Theory
W 11:00 - 01:00
R 04:00 - 07:00 Note: Same as L06.3517
This course will follow the Law School calendar, with the first meeting on Wednesday, August 27.
Enrollment requires permission of the instructors. If you wish to enroll, submit a brief statement describing your interest and background in philosophy and political theory to Lynn Gilbert, secretary to Prof. Dworkin, 422 Vanderbuilt Hall, 40 Washington Square South. Admission will be decided just before the beginning of the term. The Colloquium is a research seminar at which visitors and local faculty present their current work. Each week there is material to read in advance, which is discussed in detail with the author. Topics depend on what people are working on. In addition to the conveners and others from the NYU Law and Philosophy faculties, those whose work is discussed are expected to include Anthony Appiah, John Hart Ely, Barbara Herman, Will Kymlicka, Robert Post, John Roemer, and John Simmons. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '4', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9259592294692992}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '13008', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:7OL2EN3F677VRQGI4X6QZFHTHPOB3GJH', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:ae50c0f5-a2cf-4880-8c71-95f27f3c5acb>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 7, 30, 0, 59, 36), 'WARC-IP-Address': '128.122.119.202', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:PFSW6DYXTFFU2L5GSVWP4R2QYVUQT3KP', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:ab35f893-3e48-44c7-9abc-8031dcaf5d11>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/dept/philo/courses/grad/fall1997.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f60f7c2a-bfc5-48d8-ab22-cf5191b05a08>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1374', 'url': 'http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/dept/philo/courses/grad/fall1997.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-146-231-18.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-23\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for July 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.02365940809249878', 'original_id': '701a1190a9785eed83b5d4b914a1a42bc12a6883bc30bcc4717441ea39f42304'} |
Super Uba
• Super Uba - Tierra Lejana
The Dominican Republic is home to an extraordinarily rich musical culture which is still relatively unknown to outsiders. The island’s guitar music, merengue, bachata and son, are quite different from the commercial orchestral merengue and salsa which most listeners have been exposed to. Uba’s style of music has its roots in the Dominican countryside; during the 1960s and 1970s it matured in the streets and barrios of Santo Domingo and Santiago.
Ubaldo Cabrera was born to a farming family in the rural town of Guateque de la Isabela, near Puerto Plata. At age 19 he was drawn by his love for music to the city of Santiago, where he lived with an uncle who taught him to sing and play the guitar. Santiago is the heart of the Cibao, the northern region of the Dominican Republic which is the cradle of merengue. When Uba speaks of the city as it was in the 1970s, he describes a culture where music thrived. “At that time, someone could go to an open air bar, or to a night club, and start playing, and if he was good, crowds would gather to listen to him.” Uba supported himself playing all of the different styles of music which he sings on his CD; as a bass player with various groups playing bachata (a rhythmic Dominican variant of bolero) and merengue, and as a singer in a trio which played traditional bolero and son. Finally he came to New York in 1995, touring with bachata legend Leonardo Paniagua. He makes his home in Brooklyn NY.
Uba comes from a culture where the folkloric legacy is still cherished and he gives a unique flavor to his country’s music. He has a distinctly Afro-Caribbean vocal and compositional style. His original merengues, “Tierra Lejana” and “Dona Inez”, are excellent examples of this living tradition.
Uba’s singing is complemented by the virtuoso guitar playing of his longtime friend, Edilio Paredes. Edilio is a prodigious natural talent who for thirty years was the unchallenged master of the style that has become known as bachata. Both intricate and sensual, Edilio’s playing combines rhythmic grooves known as mambos into evolving solos. His original yet firmly traditional arrangements give Uba’s songs another dimension of richness.
Whether he is singing bachata, bolero, son or merengue, Uba captures you, bringing you for a moment into his world of rhythm and color. The rich tonal quality of his voice—now playful, now forlorn—is a rare gem in the monolithic world of today’s pop vocal music.
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The Power Of The Unconscious Mind
The unconscious mind is extremely powerful and dominant. In a state of the unconscious, let super-learn occurs. In that state, we perform things without limitations, constraints and restraints. We know no fear at all.
Everyone of us is controlled more than 90% of the time by our unconscious mind. Our body and mind operates constantly at an unconscious level. Examples are –
1. Now, feel the temperature of your body;
2. Notice the difference in temperature of your skin with that of the atmosphere;
3. Now, notice the weight of your feet;
4. Feel the heart beating against your chest;
5. While you are reading this, be aware of all the sounds around you.
You realize that indeed how deeply we are controlled unconscious. Many of our mood swings, personality, character, mindset, attitude, and just “being” are operated unconsciously. Just imagine if only we can be offered more choices to positive re-wire ourselves to make quantum positive transformation, how much more effective each one of us can be. Such choices are possible; it is only for our taking.
Phobias and allergies are wiring down wrongly to our neuro-network at some point in time and totally, unconsciously. We can get rid of them by reeducating our neurology.
Robert Dilts develop an allergy process within NLP to get rid of allergies in a very short time without medication. The following is an extract from one of his articles.
According to immunologist Dr. Michael Levi, an allergy is like a “phobia” of the immune system. In the 1950’s Levi won the World Health Association Award for his research demonstrating that viruses were infectious. As a result of his many years of work with the immune system, Levi contends that, when a person develops an allergy, the immune system has in essence formed a kind of phobic reaction to a certain type of substance, and then begins to panic when it gets around it. Symptoms of an allergy are produced by the results of this type of phobic reaction. Levi also asserts that other forms of allergies are like a “tantrum” of the immune system — that is, the immune system is throwing some sort of fit because it was not being taken care of properly, or was getting so fatigued and tired that it was striking out as a person or a child might have a tantrum.
In the same way that we learn and acquire emotional responses, our bodies learn and acquire immune responses. The fact that such deadly illnesses as small pox and polio have been virtually wiped off the face of the earth is a testament to the fact that our immune systems can learn.
The major issue in dealing with an allergy is reeducating the immune system. Our immune system has two basic ways of dealing with foreign material in our bodies – passive and active. A passive immune response is primarily carried out by macrophages – white cells in the blood stream that simply engulf and digest the foreign material. In fact, the term “macrophage” literally means “big eater.” The active immune response is carried out by “killer” T cells – cells that attack and destroy foreign matter.
The purpose of the passive immune response is to remove non-living matter from the body. The purpose of the active immune response is to attack and destroy living cells, like bacteria, that endanger the body. In the case of the virus, this means attacking cells in our bodies. This is because of the way a virus operates. A virus is basically a little bundle of genetic material that cannot reproduce itself because it lacks the rest of the cell structure to support that process. So instead the virus acts as a kind of a parasite that takes over the cells of its host in order to reproduce, depleting the resources of the unwilling host. In order to rid the body of a particular virus, then, the immune system must recognize and destroy the infected cells in our own body. In some cases this is done by actually exploding the infected cell (through a chemical reaction). This is what causes the redness and irritation associated with infections and allergies.
In the case of an allergy the immune system has made a mistake, in that it is responding to a harmless non-living foreign material as if it were a virus. Similar to a phobia, the immune system is panicking and is in such a confused state that it is attacking our own bodies even though there is no danger. In some ways it is a kind of an “I’ll show you, I’ll just hit myself” reaction.
The goal of treating an allergy involves reeducating the immune system to utilize the passive rather than active protection in response to the foreign substance – a kind of physiological re-framing.
Like a phobia an allergy is a conditioned response. In fact, research has shown that allergies can be conditioned in guinea pigs using a procedure similar to that Pavlov used in his experiments with his dogs (Russel, Dark, et al, 1984). The researchers put the smell of peppermint into the guinea pigs’ cages and then injected them with a substance that would naturally produce an active immune response. After repeating this five times over a short period of time, the researcher put the peppermint smell in the cage but did not inject the noxious substance. When they checked the blood of the guinea pigs they found that they were producing as full of an immune reaction as they would if they had been injected. Other studies (Ader & Cohen, 1981) demonstrated that rats could be conditioned to suppress immune responses.
A basic premise of psychoneuroimmunology (which is shared by NLP) is that immune responses, such as allergic reactions, can be influenced by psychological factors. There is a famous example of this, dating back to the turn of the century, documented by a physician named MacKenzie (1886) who was treating a woman with a violent allergic reaction to roses. He had an artificial rose in his office and was surprised to discover that his patient, not realizing that the rose was fake, manifested the full allergic reaction as soon as she saw the rose. The implication is that our autonomic nervous system (even our immune system) may be influenced as much by mental representations and expectations generated from within our central nervous system as by stimuli from the outside world.
Certainly, the immune system is capable of learning very quickly. Allergies are known to appear and disappear almost spontaneously. Patients with multiple personalities will have allergies in one personality and not in another. People often “outgrow” certain allergic reactions. The cells involved in active immune responses are produced in our bone marrow at the rate of about 80 million cells per minute. So once the reeducation process is done it can spread rapidly.
It is already known that allergies can, like a phobia, sometimes be treated through systematic desensitization procedures. However, like the phobia versions of these techniques, the process can be time consuming and often ineffectual. Using the model and techniques of NLP this desensitization process can be accelerated tremendously.
Both phobias and allergies also appear to be the result of what is called “response expectancy,” a process which has strong mind-body implications. Response expectancy is the same process which is at the root of the placebo effect. People can very often bring on allergic response symptoms by the strength of their imagination, as MacKenzie’s patient with the allergy to roses demonstrated. From this perspective, allergic symptoms may be the result of a type of negative placebo effect.
Sometimes an allergy is the only excuse people allow themselves to take a rest, or to pay attention to their own health. It becomes a reminder for them to take care of themselves. Often, an allergy is a communication that a person is under a fair amount of emotional or physical stress. There are even some people who are afraid of accepting the responsibility that would come with realizing that they had that much influence on their own health.
In special cases, if a person’s father, mother, or some other significant person in his or her life has had allergies, an individual may unconsciously feel that having a similar allergy is way to stay connected with those significant others.
The purpose of identifying such positive intentions and secondary gains is to help the person add more choices. An underlying principal of NLP is that ecological change comes by adding new choices, not by taking away existing choices. Before a person is ready to shift an allergic reaction, he or she may need to find other ways of addressing certain life situations.
Finding these new choices is analogous to the change the immune system needs to make. Keep in mind that an allergy is often the result of the brain and the immune system together making a mistake. The body thinks that it’s being invaded by something that is not, in fact, actually dangerous. The immune system becomes conditioned to try to defend itself against something that isn’t really harmful. The smoke, cat dander, pollen and foods to which people develop allergies don’t invade our cells like a virus. What happens is that the immune system thinks that it is being invaded, and so it strikes out at the body’s own cells. The symptoms of an allergy are the result of the immune system destroying healthy cells in the body in an attempt to protect itself from an invader that isn’t really there.
Many allergies were developed at a time in a person’s life, or under conditions which have psychological similarities to this confusion of the immune system. The immune system is the body’s equivalent of a psychological self-concept. Many people develop allergies at a time when they are at a transition point with respect to their own sense of identity. At these times a person can feel their sense of ‘self’ being challenged or threatened by something from the outside. In this case the allergy may develop as a reflection of the psychological threat, and the resulting stress it produces. Allergies associated with asthma, for instance, are often related to traumatic experiences.
To address such situations, people may need to detach themselves from those early or traumatic experiences. Using NLP techniques such as Change Personal History, Re-framing or Re-imprinting, people can be helped to recognize that their identity has evolved and is different now than it was under those early circumstances. They can discover new ways of handling their life situations and their responses to crisis or danger, in the same way that the body can learn to have a different response to old triggers and stimuli. They can imagine how they would react differently if they took their current learnings, resources and abilities back into those early situations associated with the allergic response.
Two powerful and highly recommended books by Robert Dilts
On the side – Video 1 on Hypnosis, Phobias, Pain, etc
Video 2 – More on Hypnosis | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '2', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9696953892707824}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '90390', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:BT3IJDGRAVWKHXCZM575GJYEZVJRPJCF', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:37837f03-4de9-4ba4-9a9f-d96844d428c1>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 23, 0, 24, 30), 'WARC-IP-Address': '198.57.149.9', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:HPFWLWLRIM6N4LWSI3FKTMRWSFGIKP2Z', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:9e37fe72-6386-4ceb-aa96-a91da21b6b15>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://francoyong.com/index.php/2007/03/07/the-power-of-the-unconscious-mind/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:864604c9-c70e-4713-b730-137ac8855970>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '1825', 'url': 'http://francoyong.com/index.php/2007/03/07/the-power-of-the-unconscious-mind/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-41-188-142.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-39\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.2900649905204773', 'original_id': '841ee301dd8d4c3f02061ade5cc90af816b8e100328af7f4971d36941aede14a'} |
Tuesday, May 31, 2011
What A Character
Everything I write is very character-driven. The more I know my characters, the more attached I get to them. The more attached I get to them, the more I want to write their story. There are times, though, when I’m working on a story and I find that I’m just not in love with my main character yet. That’s when I know that this character I’ve created is just not that fully formed.
If you’re facing this challenge, consider these questions and try to answer them so you can get better acquainted with your character and fall so deeply in love with them, that you just need to write about them.
What is your character’s gender?
Eye color?
Weight/body shape?
Emotional level?
Marital status?
Best childhood memory? Worst childhood memory?
Family life?
Biggest goal/desire?
Biggest obstacle that challenges character from attaining goal?
Best friend?
Worst enemy?
Favorite comfort food?
How would your character act on a romantic date?
What is your character like in a romantic relationship?
What kind of friend is your character?
What does your character hate about themselves? What does your character love about themselves?
It also helps me to think about my favorite characters and jot down why I like them so much. Here are four of the most memorable characters I’ve read about.
Flavia de Luce from Alan Bradley’s The Flavia de Luce Series
In this detective fiction series, eleven-year-old Flavia is courageous, sharp, hilarious, and an aspiring chemist. I laughed out loud several times reading The Sweetness at the Bottom of the Pie. She outsmarts everyone—from her older sisters to her kidnapper, Flavia takes intelligence to a whole new level.
Jane Eyre from Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre
Jane Eyre is one of my favorite novels. What I love and admire most about Jane is that regardless of her difficult past and her suffering, she is never portrayed as a damsel in distress.
Alice from Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland
Although Alice displays a superior attitude considering her wealthy upbringing and social class in the Victoria era, her curiosity highly appeals to me. Her logic often clashes with the madness she finds in Wonderland, so the identity journey she goes through is also one that a reader can easily connect to, regardless of the novel’s fantastical setting.
The Little Prince from Antoine de Saint-Exupery’s The Little Prince
The little prince is an extremely noble character of high caliber. What I love most about him is his child-like character that can clearly see the flaws and weaknesses of adults.
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
Say Goodbye Already
Like anything else in life, your novel has to end sometime. Some of my writer friends know exactly how they plan on ending their novel before they even begin writing it. Their outlines will actually have the final line written. My other writer friends never know how they will finish their novels. While I don’t necessarily know the exact final line, I generally do know how my story will end, so that I know what I’m working towards.
Typically, there are five kinds of endings:
1. The lead gains their objective
2. The lead loses their objective
3. The lead gains their objective but loses something more valuable
4. An ambiguous ending
5. The lead sacrifices their objective for a greater cause
Sometimes, if I’m really stumped as to how to end a short story, novel, or screenplay, I look to writers I admire and flip through their works to their endings. Here are some of my all-time favorite last lines:
“You must go on, I can’t go on, I’ll go on.” (Samuel Beckett, The Unnamable)
“Are there any questions?” (Margaret Atwood, The Handmaid’s Tale)
“He was soon borne away by the waves and lost in darkness and distance.” (Mary Shelley, Frankenstein)
“Don’t ever tell anybody anything. If you do, you start missing everybody.” (J.D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye)
Tuesday, May 17, 2011
Research Sites For Writers
A big part of being a writer is having excellent research skills. Depending on what I’m working on, I usually gather information from interview sources, research journals, and yes, the Internet. The Internet constantly proves to be an easy source, because of its accessibility, but simultaneously a challenging one considering the prevalence of content mills.
I have looked into search engines that filter out content mills to enable a more credible research process. Here’s a list of my top three:
is a simple search engine that filters out low-quality content.
is designed as a Q and A resource that many respected experts participate in. If someone on the site has not answered your question, you can just add it.
Wolfram Alpha
is a computational knowledge engine with a goal to build on scientific achievements and knowledge to generate clear results. This engine is geared towards more objective research and factual data.
I hope these sites help increase your productivity! In the meantime, feel free to share some of your favorite research sites.
Tuesday, May 10, 2011
Food For Thought (And Other Writerly Needs)
If you have a long day (or night) of writing ahead of you, you may discover that eventually, focusing on your work becomes pretty challenging. Just when you need to sustain your energy to continue creative thought, you may experience some fatigue. Although I’m a coffee fan, I do try to fuel my body with energy-sustaining foods for those long writing and brainstorming sessions.
While working, your brain uses lots of power as it relies on memory, creativity, and energy. To enhance my work, I generally consume complex carbohydrates such as whole grain rice cakes (fuel for the brain), omega 3 fatty acids such as nuts (to enhance the building blocks—building highways within your brain to carry information), and anti-oxidants such as vitamin C and E (to preserve the brain from free radicals).
These are some snacks that I reach for to sustain my energy without making me crash:
- almonds
- avocado with a squirt of Dijon mustard
- bananas
- pumpkin seeds
- apple with all-natural almond or sesame seed butter
- oatmeal
- celery and carrot sticks with hummus
And, here’s a treat for you! It’s a delicious recipe from Teri Gentes, who’s a good friend and a gourmet holistic chef/nutritionist. Enjoy this dish to keep you fueled and focused for a solid writing session.
SunButter Pita Breakfast Pizza
1. Begin with a 4-inch Pita Break Breakfast Pita such as Muesli or Morning Grain
(All natural and preservative free
2. Spread evenly with 1½ tsp of SunButter (Crunchy, Original and Organic)
(This peanut-free, real food seed butter is rich in Vitamin E, thiamine and iron) (Product of the USA)
3. Drizzle with 1/2 tsp of all natural local honey
(Unrefined, un-pasteurized honey contains trace minerals and enzymes beneficial for your health)
4. Sprinkle with 1 tbsp Ruth's Chai Goodness Cereal
(More Omega 3-rich than flax, more calcium than milk and a fabulous source of protein and fibre. )
5. Top with a generous sprinkle of cinnamon.
(Helps reduce blood sugar levels, lowers triglycerides/HDL, a digestive aid, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial)
Wednesday, May 4, 2011
7 Famous Rejected Writers
There is a lot of rejection in a writer’s life. It’s easy for rejections and form letters to discourage you to the point of giving up. Here are some of the most iconic writers who were rejected repeatedly—but kept writing and became best-selling authors.
J.K. Rowling submitted Harry Potter to more than ten publishing houses who all said no. Bloomsbury, a small London publisher, accepted it after the CEO’s eight-year-old daughter begged her father to print the book.
Stephen King’s novel, Carrie, received more than a dozen of rejections. Once published, it was this very novel that enabled him to quit his day job and write full-time.
Louisa May Alcott was told by editors to stick to teaching.
Meg Cabot, best-selling author of The Princess Diaries, keeps a bag of rejection letters.
Beatrix Potter had to publish The Tale of Peter Rabbit herself.
John Grisham’s first novel, A Time to Kill, was rejected by a dozen publishers and several agents before Wynwood Press finally published it. After The Firm, The Pelican Brief, and The Client became bestsellers, A Time to Kill was republished by Doubleday in hardcover and then by Dell Publishing in paperback, making it a bestseller.
Judy Blume received rejections for two years. According to Ms. Blume, she would go to sleep at night feeling that she’d never be published, but she’d wake up in the morning convinced she would be. “Each time I sent a story or book off to a publisher, I would sit down and begin something new,” she said.
And that’s only a tiny few of well-known writers who constantly faced rejection. It’s comforting to know that the road isn’t always smooth…even for the best. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '184', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9476190209388732}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '90554', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:33IIROBAXT3V5DJAEXSN3QLRKFQY4G4S', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:e7b391c8-f477-42a5-9249-8a5d963d6a3d>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 8, 17, 21, 18, 34), 'WARC-IP-Address': '216.58.218.225', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'application/xhtml+xml', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:RZOWPBMD6ANEMUOPEDIVUDSUQ3RNFOFT', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:7a67cb23-fb40-4c31-8167-7c1e1afcbef3>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://londonstime.blogspot.ca/2011/05/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:ad0ae4e2-814c-4a1d-8a1a-6db8870fe587>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1614', 'url': 'http://londonstime.blogspot.ca/2011/05/', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-164-4-238.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-34\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for August 2017\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.029977262020111084', 'original_id': 'd9d76ff0f41116a4f0c94a7bef87be96417ac92232ebb6e5fac88bc112ad6269'} |
When his money ran out, Perry decided to re-buy. He was in deep trouble the morning. This was a smart move for his first Casino Poker experience. That’s exactly what walked around the room and watched as well as of varying stakes. He saw pots of the dollars being won. He thought how he could never play in those higher stake games. When he walked the actual the Casino, he was tired and his awesome mind was spinning.
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With Pai Gow, you’ll be utilizing the required 52 cards plus more Joker card. Your objective as a player is to create two poker hands out of the seven cards that you’ll be receiving. visit this website link As such, an earlier knowledge in the traditional poker game is definitely an plus. The casino dealer will place seven facedown piles containing seven cards each.
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Stud requires more attention and card-playing prowess. Stud can be played with two to eight internet poker players. The goal of can the same in principle as any poker variation – win since many chips whenever you can, one pot at the time.
There are lots of bad players at the Casino a person can certain that that there will probably are more good players there than at you home competition. Unless you have a home game filled automobiles players and stakes, an individual might be going to view a distinction in rivalry. Players in the Casino are likely take it a much serious then most home games. Notion of premises game usually have thrilling relax as a friendly instance. At the Casino, it being suppose turn out to be fun but people the it in various ways. To many among the players at those tables the budgets are the fundamental thing. They have one goal and is actually not to make as much money as they possibly could certainly.
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| dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '7', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9734570384025574}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '84001', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:5K5UH6JMKUEKEZFECSGGXLELFKTNMWL6', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:b8f34c44-2ddd-4a80-a971-f49667391b5c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 5, 14, 8, 15, 3), 'WARC-IP-Address': '94.237.120.178', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:I3YRCVOVTJ7KEXHY6XJYVCD6JAKW3MRF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:f254bb27-c152-44d8-a98f-651bc5ff5c7b>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://nissangoldgtrauction.com/gus-hansen-professional-poker-player-review-series/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:c9988c9d-bc49-4513-95da-e18118cb3ca7>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '649', 'url': 'https://nissangoldgtrauction.com/gus-hansen-professional-poker-player-review-series/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-21\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-212.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.024474799633026123', 'original_id': 'f709d91a563dfa74639c7dd3fa7bd469c1173241add71f1ca381c18e1ea687fd'} |
Predictors of Beliefs in Intergroup Forgiveness in a Chilean General Population Sample.
Original survey data from a Chilean sample (N = 1267) are used to study the socio-demographic and psychosocial determinants of belief in forgiveness attitudes in the context of measuring the impact of truth and reconciliation reports (NTRC, 1991) and Political Imprisonment and Torture (NPIC, 2004) commissions. A linear multiple regression analysis (R 2 = .15; F(8, 1269) = 14.65; p < .001; effect size f 2 = .18) revealed the positive effect of perceived apology sincerity (β = 0.22; p < .001), emotions of anger (β = -0.08; p < .05), and positive social climate (β = 0.08; p < .05). People who believe in the victims' forgiveness feel less anger, have more positive perceptions of the sincerity and efficacy of the apologies, agree to a greater extent that the commission helped to find out the truth about what happened to the victims, and have a greater perception of the social climate as positive. The results show the importance of psychosocial and institutional variables in beliefs about forgiveness, and they suggest differences between interpersonal and intergroup forgiveness processes. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '561cad81efbb5685af4d7d49bd4dbb548bcde9c37bcde892aa10fcd7599b483b'} |
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It's only been live for two hours, you're forgiven for not being online and watching this topic for regular updates during that period. But in future, I want you here constantly refreshing for the next skin. No excuses.
i'm liking the ghost theme. but i thought duskull was picked for the skin.
Originally Posted by RaZoR LeAf
Change of plans in regards to the Ghost Type Skin. For the same reason I've changed pokemon in the past, I just can't get a colour scheme working that suits the pokemon in the banner. In this case, Dusclops. It's a nasty green/yellow-grey with cream and red. The colours just don't sit well. The previous Ghost type skin was.. well.. luminous purple. But I imagine that's the colour that people are going to think of when it comes to ghosts. I'll see how it plays out, but i'll likely be changing the pokemon in question to Gengar or Haunter, depends which looks best in the banner.
I keep switching between Steel and Ghost. I like Ghost more tho. Dark so it doesn't hurt my eyes in the morning, but not to dark so I can't see in the dark. The hint of red and shades of purple are...shall I say...trčs magnifique!
It's only been live for two hours, you're forgiven for not being online and watching this topic for regular updates during that period. But in future, I want you here constantly refreshing for the next skin. No excuses.
I really like the Ghost skin; I'll be using it for a while now! Don't want to bug you but, how much blue do you foresee the Water skin having if Luvdisc is going to be used? It's a pretty quintessential colour for a Water-type skin.
I really like the Ghost skin; I'll be using it for a while now! Don't want to bug you but, how much blue do you foresee the Water skin having if Luvdisc is going to be used? It's a pretty quintessential colour for a Water-type skin.
Feel like a different style of battling? Where your Charizard isn't useless
because your opponent has Stealth Rock up? Why not check out the:
Pokémon Animé Style Battling League!
ASB has it's own subforum where you can can start with a basic squad of whatever
first-stage Pokémon you want, and work your way up! Not sure how to begin?
We have a Getting Started thread that covers the basics, plus you can ask for help in our Time Out Chat Thread. | mini_pile | {'original_id': '185b15c8fe372547d8b16606afad02bd4763f0230112012f9343068f3b2c2ce2'} |
However, as a company leader your persona can get (and will get) scrutinized under the microscope more often than you wish. The way you act. The way you dress and the way you carry yourself on a day-to-day basis can largely impact your entire business.
According to a recent research conducted by KRW Research Institute, companies with "strong character" CEOs demonstrate five times higher return on assets, lower levels of corporate risk and 24% higher overall employee engagement rates.
McKinsey consulting has also highlighted that when a CEO embarks on a personal transformation journey, then process usually leads to positive shifts in the employee behavior. After all, you are a role model and project respective mindset and behavior on your team.
Following these simple etiquette rules from 13 business leaders may prove game-changing for your business.
1. Be intentional about meetings
“First, question why you're in the meeting in the first place. Stick to meetings that warrant your full attention and require active dialogue. Next, consider the positive affect actively listening has on the environment. Some millennial executives are able to naturally demonstrate this, but most have to work on it. To quote the great Simon Sinek, "everything you want, you can get instant gratification (today), except job satisfaction and strength of relationships. They are slow, meandering, uncomfortable, messy processes". Talented employees need to feel like their voice is heard, and they should expect to have their ideas challenged. Meetings like that create a dynamic work environment where employees grow & stick around. They feel like they're a part of something.” - Bill King, Head of Digital Marketing at Avid Xchange.
2. Dress for the occasion
“Gone are the days of required formal wear at the innovative business communities. Yet, entering your office or a smart networking even in a pair of cozy PJs won’t help you cast an image of a “creative thinker”. You will rather appear plainly ridiculous. People still judge you before you open your mouth. And you may not get a chance to do so if you look highly inappropriate. No need to rush buying expensive suits, though. Just make sure your shirt is well ironed, your shoes look good and your jeans don’t have too prominent holes even if it’s now fashionable.” – Sherwin Arzani, Founding Partner at Citywide Law Group.
3. Always be punctual
“Yes, you are the big boss and have some important chores to handle. But no, that does not entitle you to turn into a diva and make everyone wait for you all the time. Also, being late means missed opportunities. Other CEOs or top VCs you may want to connect with will not wait for your late appearance. Be a pioneer. Show up the first and grab the best deals from the table.” - James Haynes, CTO of Luxury Link.
4. Project confidence, not arrogance
“There is a thin line between sounding self-confident and being disrespectful. Don't push yourself too hard when you want to impress someone. Demonstrate enthusiasm, display proudness of your work and your team, but don't act as if you are the richest/smartest/prettiest person in the room. Arrogance won't win you any friends or influence. If you don’t know the answer to the question, don’t pretend to be an expert. It’s okay to say you have not dealt with this before, feel uncertain about the subject or didn’t look into the matter specifically. Such behavior will encourage the speaker to share their ideas and maybe teach you a useful thing or two.” - Michael F. Bardwil, Founder of TX Vein.
5. Ditch texts/emails in favor of phone calls
“Texting and emailing is fun and convenient. But you won’t get funded or secure a new lucrative partnership by sending a string of emojis to another business owner (at least not every time). Sometimes you got to pick up that phone and make the call while sounding confident, friendly and mildly persistent. Chats, texts, and social media updates will not help you make big wins. But calling can.” – Curtis Quay, Founder of Injury Trial Lawyers, APC.
6. Listen more than you talk
“If you want to build rapport with anyone – from your team to mentors or other business owners – you need to show genuine interests in what they have to say. That starts with keeping it quiet for a moment and devoting your entire attention to them.” Paul Granger, CEO of Website Promoter.
“You never know who’s reading you online. Those vanity numbers may actually be your customers, potential investors or partners. What kind of image does your social profile project? Are you a young, smart and trustworthy entrepreneur or some whining and lost amateur sharing cat pics and rants? Avoid going into all-too-personal musings online, public bashing and controversial discussions. That won’t make you look good.” - Carl Redding, CEO Jrop.
8. Do your homework before each networking event
“Don’t treat a professional networking event like a party where you just come, grab a drink and say that your name is Jeff and you code apps. Make sure you have at least some general ideas about the attending crowd. Next, research the keynote speakers/guests and think of the ways you could possibly connect with them. Pre-connecting with others on Twitter or LinkedIn is fine. However, it shouldn’t look as if you are stalking an influencer or demanding for exclusive attention before they even got to know you. Connecting on social media and attending the same event does not make you instant buddies.” - Antoine Tardif, Traveling Life.
9. Connect with people and build your network
“You want to always be ‘on the offense’. In person networking is a bit of a numbers game. You won’t get far if you wait for people to approach you. Instead, hit up as many people as you can.
Polish up and practice your elevator pitch – that one-minute intro speech you’ll give to anyone you approach. Make sure your business cards are up to date and are inside your pocket before you leave.” - Jonathan Marshall, Partner at New Jersey DUI Lawyer.
10. Respond to communications promptly and in the same medium you received them
“First, try to understand the person you are speaking to – their age, background, and style. Use the appropriate greeting and titles in your replies. Do spell check everything you write and don't use abbreviations in emails. If someone left a voicemail asking you to call back, don't email or text instead. In fact, using texts as your primary communication method may be frowned upon by a lot of people.” - Vikram Chari, CEO of Smart Owner.
11. Mind what you share on social media
“Don’t post content you may later regret about, like that stupid picture from an office party where you are wearing a unicorn costume and binge drinking margaritas. There’s a fine line between sharing your personality online and acting authentic versus treating your social media like a personal diary to spill your soul each and every day.” - Dave Wright, CEO of Opti-Nutra (maker of Mind Lab Pro).
12. Cold calling still works wonder
“Today, email and social media is frequently used to slowly connect and develop relationships. That’s great, but don’t underestimate its value as a means for cold calling. There are times when the best way to network is to simply cut through the clutter and message someone directly.” – John Brown, CEO of Pretty Motors.
13. Show your human side on social media
Be vulnerable, show your human side online rather than simply promoting your brands or speaking about industry related topics alone. Look at people who really drive massive engagement on social media. Not only do they give insights into their beliefs and personalities, they demonstrate their passion and high-energy worldview. That’s the secret to rocking on social media.” - Craig Wilson, CEO of Business Line of Credit Hub. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'd98cf02a85c3620dd3d33718fc69edbea9a785ad9100babde5454a192bffe0d5'} |
The Legend of Zelda Villains
First Appearance: The Legend of Zelda
Original In-Game Shot: Wizzrobes screen shot
They’re there one minute, gone the next, but not before they fry your face off a little. Wizzrobes are known for their hit-and-run style of combat, except they don’t usually run - they teleport. These little bundle of joys can prove quite troublesome if you let them live too long, though, so dodge their blasts and end it quick.
Become a fan of IGN | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.8346115946769714}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '42066', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:KUIKIPUH3JPDKCXRJTSD6BJJ3ERPBKXQ', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:639b2c62-67ab-4028-8e21-1e4e9e932726>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 29, 6, 25, 56), 'WARC-IP-Address': '184.51.126.16', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:DOXE2U7VBMFVMEVSNWPUMEDIHJTRSEZA', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:12551fde-164a-4348-a91e-5d08a7412088>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://www.ign.com/lists/zelda-villains/wizzrobes-hinako-tamayouchi', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:170bf872-218a-4355-9b10-5a5b855e2fee>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '84', 'url': 'http://www.ign.com/lists/zelda-villains/wizzrobes-hinako-tamayouchi', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-35\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for August 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.05043846368789673', 'original_id': 'bb330dac5c79c5a3ea611f933c3c5e2c022430ce9bce2154fe52f094f29a2f49'} |
Q:
HTTP POST payload not visible in Chrome debugger?
I have checked out this and that. However, my debugger looks like below.
Failure example
.
No form data, No raw content
Raw example (* Although path is different from the screen capture, both of them are unable to read post data)
POST https://192.168.0.7/cgi-bin/icul/;stok=554652ca111799826a1fbdafba9d3ac1/remote_command HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.0.7
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 419
accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Origin: https://192.168.0.7
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/46.0.2490.86 Safari/537.36
content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
Referer: https://192.168.0.7/cgi-bin/icul/;stok=554652ca111799826a1fbdafba9d3ac1/smartmomentl/access-point/network
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.6,zh;q=0.4
Cookie: sysauth=f15eff5e9ebb8f152e163f8bc00505c6
command=import&args=%7B%22--json%22%3Atrue%2C%22--force%22%3Atrue%2C%22--mocks%22%3A%22%7B%5C%22DEL%5C%22%3A%7B%7D%2C%5C%22SET%5C%22%3A%7B%5C%22dhcp%5C%22%3A%7B%5C%22lan%5C%22%3A%7B%5C%22.section%5C%22%3A%5C%22dhcp%5C%22%2C%5C%22interface%5C%22%3A%5C%22lan%5C%22%2C%5C%22ignore%5C%22%3A%5C%220%5C%22%2C%5C%22leasetime%5C%22%3A%5C%2212h%5C%22%2C%5C%22range%5C%22%3A%5C%22172.16.0.100-172.16.0.200%5C%22%7D%7D%7D%7D%22%7D
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
Status: 200 OK
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Cache-Control: no-cache
Expires: 0
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:09:27 GMT
Server: lighttpd/1.4.30
31
{ "ctx": "No such command", "exitStatus": false }
0
NOTE: (6)
Successful example
Differences between them I have spotted (by differentiating header contents)
Raw example (* Although path is different from the screen capture, both of them are unable to read post data)
POST https://192.168.0.7/cgi-bin/icul/;stok=92dea2b939b9fceb44ac84ac859de7f4/;stok=92dea2b939b9fceb44ac84ac859de7f4/remote_command HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.0.7
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 53
Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Origin: https://192.168.0.7
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/46.0.2490.86 Safari/537.36
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
Referer: https://192.168.0.7/cgi-bin/icul/;stok=92dea2b939b9fceb44ac84ac859de7f4/remote_command/command_reboot
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.6,zh;q=0.4
Cookie: sysauth=683308794904e0bedaaead33acb15c7e
command=command_reboot&args=%7B%22--json%22%3Atrue%7D
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
Status: 200 OK
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Cache-Control: no-cache
Expires: 0
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:02:46 GMT
Server: lighttpd/1.4.30
34
{ "ctx": "\u0022success\u0022", "exitStatus": true }
0
NOTE: (6)
Header Difference between 2 examples
Successful one is using Jquery binding while failure one using HTTPS from nodejs + browserify. However, I am still finding a way to check whether this is a problem or not (Not tested)
Missing X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest. However, adding this header back to the request does not fix this problem (Tested)
Capital header vs Smaller letter header field (
content-type and Content-type. However this difference is not the root cause for my problem as tried in fiddle here (Tested)
Accept vs accept (Not tested)
NOTE: (5) (7)
Still, I am not sure why the first c in content-type is in small letter case.
NOTE: (1)
What I have tried
I have tried on Firefox with firebug. It is able to show my payload. However, it cannot parse response from the server :'(
Since the web server is running in HTTPS protocol, I cannot capture packets by wireshark. Any suggestion for debugging POST requests? Thanks.
Link to a gist about debugging HTTP(s) request via command line. NOTE: (3)
Wrapper I am using
I have wrap this method from nodejs with a promise calls. Below is a snippet show an option I have used.
/**
* Wraps HTTPS module from nodejs with Promise
* @module common/http_request
*/
var createRequestSetting = function (host, path, data, cookies) {
return {
method: 'POST',
port:443,
host: host,
path: path,
headers: {
Accept: 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
'Content-Type':
'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
'Content-Length': Buffer.byteLength(data),
'Cookie': cookies,
},
rejectUnauthorized: false,
};
};
Full source here
NOTE: (2)
Update
(1) I have verified the letter c does not affect chrome debugger. Here is the fiddle. I have tried to mimic same request with XMLHttpRequest with letter c. I can still check form data in the debugger.
(2) Link to the full source code
(3) Link to a gist from me about scripts to test HTTP(s) request
(4) Reformat the question for readability
(5) Examples are not using the same binding after code reviewing
(6) Add raw header example
(7) Add a comparison session
A:
There was a regression bug in Chrome v61 and v62 across all platforms that caused this behaviour when the response is (amongst others) a 302. This is fixed in v63 stable which was released to all desktop platforms on 6th December 2017.
Automatic updates are phased, but going to "Help" / "About Google Chrome" will force it download the update and give you a button to restart. Occasionally it is necessary to kill all Chrome process and restart it manually to get the update.
The (now closed) bug report is here. The release announcement is here.
Clearly this is not the cause of the original poster's issue back in 2015, but searches for the issue led me here. Also note this is not just an OS X issue.
A:
If your application returns a 302 status code, and no payload data in Chrome Devtools, you may be hitting this Chrome bug.
If you are in development or this is a URL which won't break anything, a quick, very practical, workaround is to modify your server side code to send a 200, for example in PHP you might add:
die("premature exit - send a 200");
which sends out a 200 status code. This works around the "302 bug" -- until it is fixed.
p.s. Per @leo-hendry below, Canary does have the fix as of Dec 2017, but if you don't have another reason to run Canary, running another browser side-by-side won't be worth it, as the mainline release should be coming out soon.
A:
If this is a bug it may be behaving differently on Mac vs Windows.
The screenshot below is from Chrome 63 on Windows. You can see the request payload section as expected.
Here is what I see on Chrome 65 Beta running on Mac. Notice the request payload section is missing.
Am I correct to assume that the bug is not fixed or is there something else I should be checking?
| mini_pile | {'original_id': 'a3c85498f6a5b6a972902e97fd3bb5bef037b0921e8f7fe3fcc39f5b561518c3'} |
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<h1 class="page-title">Logic</h1>
<section>
<header>
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<article>
<div class="container-overview">
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<h3 class="subsection-title">Methods</h3>
<h4 class="name" id=".and"><span class="type-signature">(static) </span>and<span class="signature">(argumentOne, argumentTwo)</span><span class="type-signature"> → {Boolean}</span></h4>
<dl class="details">
<dt class="tag-source">Source:</dt>
<dd class="tag-source"><ul class="dummy"><li>
<a href="Logic_and.js.html">Logic/and.js</a>, <a href="Logic_and.js.html#line14">line 14</a>
</li></ul></dd>
<dt class="tag-since">Since:</dt>
<dd class="tag-since"><ul class="dummy"><li>0.1.0</li></ul></dd>
</dl>
<div class="description">
<p>A function that returns <code>true</code> if any of provided arguments is truthy. Otherwise <code>false</code>.</p>
</div>
<h5>Example</h5>
<pre class="prettyprint"><code>and(true, true); // => true
and(true, false); // => false
and(); // => false</code></pre>
<h5>Parameters:</h5>
<table class="params">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Type</th>
<th class="last">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="name"><code>argumentOne</code></td>
<td class="type">
<span class="param-type">*</span>
</td>
<td class="description last"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name"><code>argumentTwo</code></td>
<td class="type">
<span class="param-type">*</span>
</td>
<td class="description last"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5>Returns:</h5>
<div class="param-desc">
<p>Result of logical and between two arguments.</p>
</div>
<dl class="param-type">
<dt>
Type
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="param-type">Boolean</span>
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="name" id=".not"><span class="type-signature">(static) </span>not<span class="signature">(arg)</span><span class="type-signature"> → {Boolean}</span></h4>
<dl class="details">
<dt class="tag-source">Source:</dt>
<dd class="tag-source"><ul class="dummy"><li>
<a href="Logic_not.js.html">Logic/not.js</a>, <a href="Logic_not.js.html#line13">line 13</a>
</li></ul></dd>
<dt class="tag-since">Since:</dt>
<dd class="tag-since"><ul class="dummy"><li>0.1.0</li></ul></dd>
</dl>
<div class="description">
<p>A function that returns the <code>!</code> of its argument. It will return <code>true</code> when
passed false-y value, and <code>false</code> when passed a truth-y one.</p>
</div>
<h5>Example</h5>
<pre class="prettyprint"><code>not(true); // => false
not(0); // => true</code></pre>
<h5>Parameters:</h5>
<table class="params">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Type</th>
<th class="last">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="name"><code>arg</code></td>
<td class="type">
<span class="param-type">*</span>
</td>
<td class="description last"><p>Value to coerce.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5>Returns:</h5>
<div class="param-desc">
<p>Boolean representation of negated value.</p>
</div>
<dl class="param-type">
<dt>
Type
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="param-type">Boolean</span>
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="name" id=".or"><span class="type-signature">(static) </span>or<span class="signature">(argumentOne, argumentTwo)</span><span class="type-signature"> → {Boolean}</span></h4>
<dl class="details">
<dt class="tag-source">Source:</dt>
<dd class="tag-source"><ul class="dummy"><li>
<a href="Logic_or.js.html">Logic/or.js</a>, <a href="Logic_or.js.html#line14">line 14</a>
</li></ul></dd>
<dt class="tag-since">Since:</dt>
<dd class="tag-since"><ul class="dummy"><li>0.1.0</li></ul></dd>
</dl>
<div class="description">
<p>A function that returns <code>true</code> if any of the provided arguments is truthy.</p>
</div>
<h5>Example</h5>
<pre class="prettyprint"><code>or(true, true); // => true
or(true, false); // => true
or(false, false); // => false</code></pre>
<h5>Parameters:</h5>
<table class="params">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Type</th>
<th class="last">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="name"><code>argumentOne</code></td>
<td class="type">
<span class="param-type">*</span>
</td>
<td class="description last"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name"><code>argumentTwo</code></td>
<td class="type">
<span class="param-type">*</span>
</td>
<td class="description last"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5>Returns:</h5>
<dl class="param-type">
<dt>
Type
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="param-type">Boolean</span>
</dd>
</dl>
<h4 class="name" id=".xor"><span class="type-signature">(static) </span>xor<span class="signature">(argumentOne, argumentTwo)</span><span class="type-signature"> → {Boolean}</span></h4>
<dl class="details">
<dt class="tag-source">Source:</dt>
<dd class="tag-source"><ul class="dummy"><li>
<a href="Logic_xor.js.html">Logic/xor.js</a>, <a href="Logic_xor.js.html#line14">line 14</a>
</li></ul></dd>
<dt class="tag-since">Since:</dt>
<dd class="tag-since"><ul class="dummy"><li>0.1.0</li></ul></dd>
</dl>
<div class="description">
<p>A function that returns <code>true</code> if only one of arguments is true. Otherwise <code>false</code>.</p>
</div>
<h5>Example</h5>
<pre class="prettyprint"><code>xor(true, true); // => false
xor(true, false); // => true
xor(false, false); // => false</code></pre>
<h5>Parameters:</h5>
<table class="params">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Type</th>
<th class="last">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="name"><code>argumentOne</code></td>
<td class="type">
<span class="param-type">*</span>
</td>
<td class="description last"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name"><code>argumentTwo</code></td>
<td class="type">
<span class="param-type">*</span>
</td>
<td class="description last"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5>Returns:</h5>
<dl class="param-type">
<dt>
Type
</dt>
<dd>
<span class="param-type">Boolean</span>
</dd>
</dl>
</article>
</section>
</div>
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After he was filmed using a gay slur over the weekend, Jonah Hill apologized for his poor word choice during a Howard Stern radio interview. Later that night, he stressed his remorse on the NBC show.
"I'd actually like to address something, if that's OK to your audience," he told host Jimmy Fallon. The audience began to cheer, but the 30-year-old actor warned them, "Unfortunately, this isn't a joke."
The 22 Jump Street star then set the scene. "This weekend I was out with some friends and there was a paparazzi guy, and he was antagonizing me and calling me names, attacking me personally and my family personally, and I was genuinely hurt by this and made angry by this," Hill explained. "In response, I wanted to hurt him back and I said the most hurtful word that I could think of at that moment. I didn't mean this in the sense of the word. I didn't mean it in a homophobic way."
"I think that...sorry," Hill said, getting choked up. "I think that that doesn't matter. How you mean things doesn't matter. Words have weight and meaning. The word I chose was grotesque and no one deserves to say or hear words like that. I've been a supporter of the LGBTQ community my entire life, and I completely let the members of that community and everybody else down when I used a word like that this weekend. My heart's broken and I genuinely am deeply sorry to anybody who's ever been affected by that term in their life. I'm sorry and I don't deserve or expect your forgiveness, but what I ask is at home, if you're watching this and you're a young person especially, if someone says something that hurts you or angers you, use me as an example of what not to do. Don't respond with hatred or anger because you're just adding more ugliness to the world. And again, I am just so sorry."
Hill continued to take responsibility for the pain he may have caused, saying, "I know I'm usually funny and stuff, but this wasn't funny. It was stupid. I deserve the s--t that I'm going to get for it, you know?" | mini_pile | {'original_id': '2bf67a9b3e2580b85430f0910539b05a6c137665d7b7a9dc507050af2cb8b57f'} |
GENUKI Home page How GENUKI is organisedHow GENUKI is organised GENUKI ContentsContents
Error reporting mechanisms
There are many users of GENUKI, and they do need to contact the page maintainers. This will be to report errors, and hopefully to offer assistance and to give us information. There are of course also users who will find that the information that they want is not there, and ask us to provide it. And if we had it, it would be on the page anyway.
Basic techniques
A link should be provided on every page as mechanism to contact somebody who will deal with the query, otherwise the queries tend to be sent to all the GENUKI developers rather than the person responsible for a particular area. The simplest way to do this is to put a mailto: link on each page, but this has a number of disadvantages.
Help pages
We can solve these problems by using a link to a common page for that part of the structure. On such a page appropriate text can placed to field the common asked questions, and to deter trivial questions. Changes then only need to be made in one place. However there are a number of other items that need to be addressed, such as:
Tailored help/error reporting
The WWW does actually provide a mechanism which allows to deal with these points, and that is to use a cgi-script rather than use a common page. The most important additional data we have available to us using this method is the URL of the page containing the original link, and we can provide other information via parameters to the script.
County developers may not have the ability to run cgi scripts on their own servers, or may not have the expertise to write them, and so we have a common one that can be tailored to the needs of individual counties. It uses information stored in a database that is also used by the Spider program, and others that require county information. The database is keyed by Chapman code, and contains items such as the name of the county maintainer, their email address and the county URL.
It is used via a URL such as
This calls the cgi script with two parameters, the first being the Chapman code, LAN in this example, and the second the place name (Lytham). If there is a space in the place name, use the usual technique of replacing it with %20.
When the script runs it builds a standard page header with an up icon for the county given by the Chapman code, it then gets a skeleton for the text part of the page, and at the end displays a form for actually entering comments and sending them. When the send button is pressed, an email is sent to the page maintainer, and a final 'Thank you for commenting' page is displayed.
Skeleton text
The skeleton text used to provide help, and hopefully prevent emails that need to be answered is fetched from a file named Help.txt stored in the top level directory of the county involved. This is read via the WWW by the cgi script. If the file isn't found a common skeleton (in the top level dir at is used. Here as an example is the Lancs skeleton used in the example link above.
Help with Family History problems. Surname information.
Contribute information. Report problems.
Help with Family History problems
If you want an answer quickly, then ask it on an e-mail list such as LANCSGEN, a mailing list for anyone with a genealogical or historical interest in the county of Lancashire, England.
Please don't ask for personal advice from the Lancashire WWW page maintainer, as frequently he does not have the local knowledge that you require, or the time to provide such a service.
Help with surnames
Contributing information
So if you know any of this information, and it's not currently on the $PLACE page, then do let us know on the form at the bottom of the page. If the appropriate town/parish page hasn't appeared yet, then please be patient and wait till it is.
Reporting problems
If you have found a problem on the $PLACE page, or on any other Lancashire page, then please report it on the following form. We will then do our best to fix it.
The skeleton is html code, but not a complete WWW page, as the headers and trailers are written by the cgi script. The following strings are replaced in the skeleton when the web page is built by the script:
The contents of the skeleton text are at the discretion of the county maintainer. The aim should be to suggest the best methods of finding the answers required, and hopefully avoid the need for email to the county developer. But don't forget to include requests for contributions, as that is a very good way to obtain more information which in itself may help prevent questions being asked.
If you want your email address to appear on the page, then it should appear in the skeleton, but not as a hot link, as users will use it, and you won't get the additional information in the email that the cgi scripts adds at the front of the email. If the email address doesn't appear on the page, then there is no way it can be obtained by mail harvesting programs to generate junk email.
The additional information sent in the email is the place name given on the calling URL, the URL of the page that contains the link, the hostname on which the browser is running, and the name of the browser being used.
Page maintained by Phil Stringer
[Last updated: 23rd December 2002]
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UN assembly could see thaw between Iran and ‘Great Satan’
Great Satan: Iran-US relations will have to overcome 30 years of emnity. Open Democracy
After more than three decades of false starts and missed opportunities, something might be finally moving on the diplomatic front between Iran and the United States. The two relatively moderate administrations currently in power in both Tehran and Washington have exchanged letters in the past few weeks and, as The Guardian suggests, they could move over to exchanging handshakes in the coming days.
The White House has denied plans for a face-to-face meeting between Obama and Rowhani, but there has been speculation that with both the leaders at the UN, a “chance meeting in a corridor” might not be entirely out of the picture.
The annual General Assembly at UN headquarters in New York might be shunned by some world leaders, who at times have sent their deputies or foreign ministers to talk to the world at the stone rostrum in the main hall at Turtle Bay, but it is taken seriously by the Islamic Republic’s presidents.
The current supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, made his first and only visit to the West when he visited New York in 1989 as Iranian president. Mohammad Khatami used the opportunity in 1997 to press for his dialogue of civilisations diplomatic gambit and for re-establishing ties with the largely estranged community of Iranian Americans.
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s punctual yearly presence in New York became a fixture of American news networks, which gladly conceded him hours of prime airtime, receiving little beyond his buoyant rhetoric in return.
The imminent arrival in New York of Iran’s current president, Hassan Rowhani, might be on an entirely different footing. The early stages of his presidential tenure have been dominated by the need to resolve the endemic nuclear crisis, now in its tenth year and to navigate the worsening situation in Syria, Iran’s only state ally in the Arab world.
Chemical crisis
The sudden precipitation of the Syrian imbroglio, caused by the fallout from the chemical attacks of August 21, have heightened the need for Iranian involvement in the diplomatic flurry that has occurred since. According to an interview by the new dovish foreign minister, Javad Zarif, Iran has been acting in tandem with Russia on a number of fronts.
The quick acceptance of the UN chemical inspectors by the Damascus regime is to be credited, according to Zarif, to joint pressures by Tehran and Moscow. Iran always appears to have had a not insignificant role in the rapid adhesion of the Assad regime to the convention against chemical weapons.
Moderate: Hassan Rowhani. Wikimedia Commons
All this has not gone unnoticed in Washington. In an interview with ABC on Sunday, Obama acknowledged that he has been involved in an exchange of letters with Rowhani. For the first time ever, Obama admitted that he had replied to Rowhani, marking a departure from his refusal to engage Ahmadinejad, who had written to him several times, including shortly after his first victory in 2008.
As the optimistic Guardian report suggests, the stage is now set the thawing of a frost which has been in place since soon after New Year’s Eve 1978, when the then shah, Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, entertained Jimmy Carter at his palace in Tehran in the last top-level diplomacy between the two countries.
Several factors warrant caution prior to the start of the UN General Assembly. Rowhani has succeeded in placing Zarif at the foreign ministry and another ally, Admiral Ali Shamkhani, at the helm of the Supreme National Security Council. He will therefore be wary of stoking conservative criticism by engaging immediately at the highest level with the US, certainly prior to receiving informal assurances on the favourable outcomes of such an initiative. The new president has been, however, encouraged by remarks made on Tuesday by Khamenei, who stated that he is not opposed to “flexibility” in Iran’s diplomatic tussle with the West, which he compared to a long-drawn bout of wrestling, Iran’s most popular traditional sport.
Nuclear diplomacy
As Obama told ABC, the Syrian chemical weapons case is a sideshow to the major issue at hand between the two countries, the nuclear one. As part of those negotiations Iran will specifically press for the relaxation of the increasingly suffocating web of sanctions which have been put into place in the last two years. These make repatriation of its oil revenue very difficult as well as trading in gold and foreign currency.
Rowhani is not therefore looking for a photo opportunity, but rather for the chance to take some sting out of his most pressing challenge, that of steering the national economy back to a degree of stability after years of mismanagement and the crippling effects of sanctions. A failure to extract some concessions from the US could put at risk any political capital that Rowhani has managed to extract from hardline conservatives at home.
Whether Obama is willing to entertain such an option depends on the importance the US president assigns to Iran’s role in Syria and, more prominently, the genuineness of the change at the helm of Iran’s nuclear diplomatic decision-making.
High level contact: Javad Zarif. Wikimedia Commons
The shifting of the nuclear dossier to the foreign ministry means that Zarif is poised to be Tehran’s face to the 5+1 when nuclear talks resume. Zarif is ideally placed for this role, having lived in the US for most of his adult life. He played an instrumental role in securing the deal that paved the way for the formation of a government in post-Taliban Afghanistan in 2001. As Iran’s UN ambassador, Zarif has maintained direct contact with influential senators such as Arlen Specter and Joe Biden.
At the same time, the extensive reshuffling of the nuclear team has not thus far coincided with a change in the Iranian core objective. Rather than bringing about the possibility of a suspension in uranium-related activities, as requested by the UN and the West, Rowhani and his new team have repeatedly talked about “confidence building” on Iran’s existing nuclear activities as the key to the resolution of the contention with the West.
The uncertainty over the Iranian delegation’s contacts with the US team will maintain its intrigue in the days to come, but yet another failure to communicate would be added to a rather thick catalogue of missed opportunities if Rowhani and Zarif’s upcoming visit to New York comes to an end with the two foes continuing to shun each other at the higher state level, as has been the case since Jimmy Carter’s ill-fated New Year greetings three and a half decades ago.
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Register now | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '7', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9642142653465272}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '167256', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:EA7IHKG6KUKRLE4LGM4M5AP5B2JNWR5I', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:1a691429-f3f5-4288-b44a-6dbc40b412c5>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2021, 9, 24, 13, 52, 31), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.130.133', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:SUYNFSNGUDG7UEMCO6L7CZ3RNADNSLCF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:1ec1de3e-39e8-40e3-a74e-dc8b70bbccf3>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://theconversation.com/un-assembly-could-see-thaw-between-iran-and-great-satan-18304', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:28df8e9b-a08b-4981-8a87-1755448b6fbd>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '1127', 'url': 'https://theconversation.com/un-assembly-could-see-thaw-between-iran-and-great-satan-18304', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-39\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for September 2021\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-67-67-156\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.01856893301010132', 'original_id': 'c677a3705f998009d710bbea7c8ff86bd9a999fa661d0053ca06a282362d3788'} |
Arrière-ban
In medieval France, the arrière-ban (Latin retrobannum) is a general proclamation whereby the king summons to war all his vassals and their vassals. To the Provost of Paris belongs the convoking and commanding of the arrière-ban. The term is a folk-etymological correction of Old French herban (attested 1101), from Germanic here (army) and ban (proclamation); compare German Heerbann.
In the Medieval usage, arrière-ban denoted a general levy, where all able-bodied males age 15 to 60 living in the Kingdom of France were summoned to go to war by the King (or the constable and the marshals). Men were summoned by the bailiff (or the senechal in the south). Bailiffs were military and political administrators installed by the King to steward and govern a specific area of a province following the king's commands and orders. The men summoned in this way were then summoned by the lieutenant who was the King's representative and military governor over an entire province comprising many bailiwicks, seneschalties and castellanies. All men from the richest noble to the poorest commoner were summoned under the arrière-ban and they were supposed to present themselves to the King or his officials carrying arms and armor according to their wealth. It is the same as the English commissions of Array.
The arrière-ban was re-instituted in France by Philip IV (1285–1314), who asserted his right to military service from the tenants and vassals of his vassals. The arrière-ban could be commuted by a money payment, which became an important source of revenue for the crown.
The arrière-ban was proclaimed throughout the Kingdom of France on April 30, 1337.
Notes
References
Category:Military history of France | mini_pile | {'original_id': '876431db180829215340d2b4af7e95da75e782a3294d335b48cf990c4fda43b3'} |
No, you guys, it’s not 2007. Although, it may appear that way from this new video of Miley Cyrus! The singer just dressed up as a man for an episode of RuPaul’s Drag Race and uh, we couldn’t help but notice a ton of similarities to a certain episode of Hannah Montana. Wow, not only is the clip super hilarious, but it’s seriously bringing back all the feels.
Dressing up as a male crew member, Miley’s look was pretty convincing. She wore a short, brown wig, a black cap and she even rocked some facial hair!
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Tuesday, September 24, 2013
Change process
Three weeks ago I started a new job. You would think that wouldn't be such a big deal. Libraries being the same and all. But in fact it has been a big deal for me and libraries are the same ... but different.
For 16 years I have worked in the tertiary sector. It has been a comfortable fit for me and my values align with the kind of things you find there. For about 10 of those years I worked in one particular institution so became very familiar with the environment, the people, the type of customer, the culture and enjoyed the close proximity to my home.
But I left that very comfortable job, one that I enjoyed, a team that have been very supportive and have changed sector (to public libraries) and job role (now a team leader) and location (the CBD). I moved from a position of being the person who knows things to a person who knows very little.
So yes, to me it has been a big deal. Just before I left, I attended a course called "dealing with change". In it I learned about the change cycle and what happened during that process.
So far I can say I have been through stage 1 and 2!
Image from The Change Cycle, Retrieved from http://www.changecycle.com/changecycle.htm
The first week was actually pretty tough. I also had this bad cold virus which didn't help. Poor DH copped his wife wailing about making the wrong decision, going off to work in tears and coming home not much better. The commute is long which puts family and recharge time under strain.
But things are starting to make more sense now. I am getting used to the different culture even if I don't always like it. Fortunately, people are friendly and though I still feel a bit Nigel No Mates sometimes, I also realize that will change as I make connections.
It both amuses and disturbs me how much I have become used to the technology freedom found in the tertiary sector. I no longer have a laptop to take around with me to meetings. No Macs seem to exist in the organization. I can't use Firefox (and consequently all the plug ins I had set up to use in my work), Dropbox, Skitch, slideshare... Anything cloud based is difficult which feels so alien to me. I have worked out how to get TweetDeck as a web version so that makes me more connected to my PLN thankfully. I have managed to download Chrome so some plugins work on that. My iPad plus the free wifi lets me connect to Dropbox and other things that the web marshal clamps down on if I use my desktop.
There are things that I am doing that are exciting, challenging and will provide me with some great experience. These are the things I am trying to focus on to move myself into stage 4.
1. Good luck with moving through the cycle. It's a great diagram!
2. I hope you are starting to feel more settled in your new job now. I wouldn't have a CLUE what it's like as I have been in the same job since I graduated. Almost 15 years now. If I moved it would be a huge deal, so I can at least imagine the feelings you are having. All normal, I'm sure - and the chart confirms it! Hopefully you'll soon be in a 'nicer' stage that is easier to cope with. Hannah x | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9835506081581116}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '98845', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:HENH22KBSCWCUZGNRD2WE7EYGOFRHKCU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:c78048e2-d0ff-4b14-af19-f0f22bce131c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 12, 22, 22, 2, 27), 'WARC-IP-Address': '74.125.228.234', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:PHDF5VZ3IX4CFBWH55BUIAPAQI2R4HBJ', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:1d9c768c-6828-4834-8035-383489234faf>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://greengecko29.blogspot.com/2013/09/change-process.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:5bc46423-bee4-4bb2-a944-9c6ee84f6b14>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '582', 'url': 'http://greengecko29.blogspot.com/2013/09/change-process.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-52\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for December 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.03790515661239624', 'original_id': '0355acdce722ccb866e2571f3c7f12380118f2fb13075c7c5d03567c944c12d8'} |
Bowl: (n) a round, deep dish or basin used for food or liquid.
“Just give me a small bowl of ice cream.”
I’ve said that many times.
Or maybe it was a small bowl of spaghetti, popcorn, candy or some other notorious treat.
My friends understand what I mean by a small bowl. It isn’t one of those little three-finger types that you use for mints at a party, yet it’s not one of those huge Tupperware varieties occasionally employed for displaying fruit.
Even in the realm of cereal bowls, there’s quite a variety of renditions:
• There’s the cereal bowl suited for a small child
• The teenager
• And then me
Yes–my bowl somewhat follows the Goldilocks Theory–it has to be “just right.”
Yet you have to be able to call it a “small bowl” even if it’s very large, so to those listening, you appear to be temperate of the highly caloric treat, so they can testify on your behalf later on when the scales of poundage groan their disagreement.
After all…you just had a small bowl. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9157455563545228}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '698608', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:Q3WCIGHXC35OBGHP35NTBFSJ2WF73EFU', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:7ece9aa8-9113-4874-989e-0e6ce05a48b7>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2019, 5, 19, 19, 32, 57), 'WARC-IP-Address': '159.203.86.130', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': 'text/html', 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:GXPLRPHR57FABCNF4LIX56M7KPXDKI7T', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:dd590191-3683-4027-96b6-a2cc2e8eb7ca>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'https://mytrendingstories.com/en/article/words-from-dictionary-bowl/', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:7de7497e-ff48-428e-b617-f13cf7a4ff97>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '166', 'url': 'https://mytrendingstories.com/en/article/words-from-dictionary-bowl/', 'warcinfo': 'isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2019-22\r\npublisher: Common Crawl\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for May 2019\r\noperator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)\r\nhostname: ip-10-171-192-21.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Apache Nutch 1.15 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)\r\nrobots: checked via crawler-commons 1.1-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.1\r\nconformsTo: http://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.04016590118408203', 'original_id': 'c916d4c69ebb5343fa029a5abfa0d971d7935f7a82cfe4eb1505b85525922ee5'} |
Saturday, November 17, 2012
sigh, gaza
as the current gaza-israel crisis heats up, i am continually amazed by how american news sources make no mention of the incidents that precipitated the current outbreak of violence. reading the coverage you would think that hamas started shooting missiles at israel for no reason at all, because the palestinians are just crazy or something (and, judging from my facebook feed, that is exactly what a lot of americans seem to think).
another funny pattern i have noticed with my FB feed: pro-israeli american friends all seem to think israel's actions are pure and just and apple pie and stuff, whereas israeli friends mostly seem to think israel's decisions to escalate is about netanyahu's political calculations for the upcoming israeli elections. like the last gaza war, this one comes during the sweet spot between an american and israeli election. it's funny how these conflicts always seem to happen that way. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9667577743530272}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '81657', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:EKKYIQVMETBJPJ7ZNGOQHNGMNDJX5XCB', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:9bfa7aca-c3f5-4503-bd8e-ca6c867d496c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2016, 7, 30, 7, 13, 46), 'WARC-IP-Address': '216.58.217.161', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:RVTY2JDRFJHJRJMRL27YRAD4HRBSAJEF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:9927fae6-69eb-4c0c-87ef-20bc9b167a7d>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://upyernoz.blogspot.com/2012/11/sigh-gaza.html', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:0afbf71f-602c-4280-bf99-6eefc3ff5129>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '155', 'url': 'http://upyernoz.blogspot.com/2012/11/sigh-gaza.html', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2016-30\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July 2016\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.12181621789932251', 'original_id': '960ceb1e1dd10edf67069fc5924bf282a7ca61079fcf6f058f160f2dbf5dc57b'} |
More About
This Textbook
Overview
Exotic animals range in appearance from truly striking to seemingly ordinary, and they live in wildlife preserves, on farms, in parks, and even in the wilderness across the United States. In this book, Elizabeth Cary Mungall provides ample information for anyone, from park visitor and zoo goer to rancher and wildlife biologist, who wants to identify and learn more about exotic wildlife in the United States.
Richard D. Estes, author of The Safari Companion, says that "for everyone interested in exotic hoofed stock, Exotic Animal Field Guide is a well-written and beautifully illustrated book that fills a vacant niche." Indeed, the main portion of the book contains fully illustrated species accounts of eighty different kinds of hoofed animals, with native range maps and information about food habits, habitat, temperament, breeding and birth seasons, and fencing needs. A list of exotics-related organizations and a reference section round out the text.
Photographs of each species make the book both attractive and useful as a field tool. In a chapter on photographing exotics, Christian Mungall shows readers how to take their own great pictures of these animals.
Clearly, as James G. Teer, of the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences at Texas A&M University states, this is "much more than a field guide. Elizabeth Cary Mungall's book is a long awaited repository and data source on the ecology, technology, and management of more than 80 species of non-native hoofed animals. . . . Anyone with exotics on his or her property will require Exotic Animal Field Guide."
What People Are Saying
Richard D. Estes
For everyone interested in exotic hoofed stock, Exotic Animal Field Guide is a well-written and beautifully illustrated book that fills a vacant niche. (Richard D. Estes, author of The Safari Companion)
Raul Valdez
. . . a much needed addition to the literature of exotic ungulates. It will become one of the seminal works on exotics and a welcome addition as a reference book for use by the general public and particularly by the international community of professional biologists and exotic enthusiasts. (Raul Valdez, New Mexico State University)
Related Subjects
Meet the Author
Wildlife biologist ELIZABETH CARY MUNGALL is an adjunct professor at Texas Woman's University, Denton, and a wildlife research consultant for the Exotic Wildlife Association. She lives in Houston and teaches classes at the Houston Zoo.
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also reserves the right to remove any review at any time without notice. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'e20d90dea5906b11f93e2520aae851484dad6ce3d6ee9277e67ae8752effd566'} |
Law School Discussion
Show Posts
Topics - tvw74
Pages: [1] 2
This enrages me that I can't print them out and look over them before I pay for it and actually submit in on LSAC. Is there any other way to be able to print out an app for a school with out paying anything yet?
Choosing the Right Law School / Good school for Oil & Gas law
« on: September 20, 2010, 09:27:30 PM »
I am currently a runner for an oil and gas law firm and I am interested in maybe going into that field based on what little I am exposed to of it by the attorneys as well as my listening to some continuing education in the field. I know that UT Law in Austin has several class offerings in oil and gas law and I believe that UH does as well. Does anyone else know of any programs that are strong in oil and gas law or have good placement into firms that specialize in that area? Also for wind energy law? class offerings for wind?
Law School Admissions / What would happen if you did this?
« on: August 17, 2010, 07:16:47 PM »
I read somewhere about a guy who did not select an ethnicity on his LSAC profile. He also listed his participation in several University groups and clubs that were typically predominantly african-american, some with "black" and "african-american" in the title, that he did legitimately join and participate in at least somewhat. The guy was caucasian, and I reckon that his intent was to dupe law school admissions committees into thinking that he was black. Would that increase your chances of admittance at many law schools, and would it be considered unethical to do if your not black or african-american. He did not technically do anything dishonest by joining extracurricular groups and not selecting an ethnicity on LSAC alone.
Specifically in regard to energy law, which i hear is very popular lately, are there certain things that employers like to see in the realm of past experience? I know that IP practice often requires, or at least is preferred, to have had engineering or science. makes me think that energy law practice might be best sought with an environmental studies degree or something, healthcare law; same vein, perhaps biology or chemistry. i guess what i want to know is how much does all of that matter, do some firms only hire new JD grads with certain undergraduate degrees, or does i.e. taking a lot of energy law classes, maybe oil and gas related, in law school suffice for experiences. maybe also what are some fields of law that are less reliant on undergraduate studies; maybe something that you can begin to look at in law school for the first time, become interested, and also have a chance and landing a great job, assuming you make good grades and participate in relevant clinics....
Current Law Students / Fordham Or UHouston for regional jobs...
« on: March 27, 2010, 09:23:05 PM »
big law and mid sized. what school has a better placement in their respective areas. pros cons of either
and then another two that Im comparing is Pepperdine and UC-Hastings for regional placement as well.
Current Law Students / Art Law in big firms
« on: March 25, 2010, 04:36:07 PM »
Is anyone or does anyone know an art lawyer in a very large firm. does this job even exist at that scale. if it does, is it a very competitive position like some are in corporate law in large firms.
I go to a big public school in TX and have not always wanted to go to law school and so i havent been exactly cultivating all my teachers for rec letters. this semester i realized i want to do law school and i have an art teacher ive had for 3 years, whom I have an alright relationship with, but would she write a letter on how awesome i am i dont know... other teachers i feel like just one of theire students, no special relationship. i could start going to office hours and at least have them know who i am, but im still skeptical that any of these teachers would want to write me a meaningful rec letter.. not sure what to do...
Law School Admissions / IP law undergrad preferences...
« on: March 22, 2010, 07:38:38 AM »
Im very interested in IP law, but did not major in engineering or a science. I have heard that most schools, or employers really, prefer IP JD's to have that kind of undergrad experience. Especially in this economy where even seemingly overqualified new JD's are having a difficult time getting good jobs, does it matter significantly what your undergrad major was/is when thinking about trying to pursue IP law?
Law School Admissions / Studio Art major applying to law school..
« on: March 21, 2010, 01:43:06 PM »
I go to a top 50 public univ in Texas, and am a Studio Art major with a concentration in ceramics. GPA isnt that great 3.2-3.3 but my LSAT will be in the 165-170 range. Im wondering what law schools will think of my major. I also want to pursue JD/MBA but wont have any real work experience, not like a studio art major can really get you a job anyways, although i do have a decent resume as a selling artist.... I woudl really like to work in a big city like Chicago, NYC or LA. I know biglaw is a long shot and would depend on how well i did in law school. So i will mainly apply to schools in those areas, might throw in pepperdine, UNC, UHouston, UT and U washington st louis. Im very interested in IP law but have read that it is important that you have some sort of science or engineering background for that field. I started off premed in undergrad but i dont think that will help me too much there. anyone else who is an art major or who knows/knew one who applied and did or didnt get into law school, let me know what you know. Art and law/business are very different fields but for me it is a good mix.
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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*/
package org.apache.druid.client;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
import com.google.common.base.Function;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import org.apache.druid.client.cache.CacheConfig;
import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.granularity.Granularities;
import org.apache.druid.query.CacheStrategy;
import org.apache.druid.query.Druids;
import org.apache.druid.query.GlobalTableDataSource;
import org.apache.druid.query.LookupDataSource;
import org.apache.druid.query.Query;
import org.apache.druid.query.timeseries.TimeseriesQuery;
import org.apache.druid.segment.TestHelper;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.Map;
public class CacheUtilTest
{
private final TimeseriesQuery timeseriesQuery =
Druids.newTimeseriesQueryBuilder()
.dataSource("foo")
.intervals("2000/3000")
.granularity(Granularities.ALL)
.build();
@Test
public void test_isQueryCacheable_cacheableOnBroker()
{
Assert.assertTrue(
CacheUtil.isQueryCacheable(
timeseriesQuery,
new DummyCacheStrategy<>(true, true),
makeCacheConfig(ImmutableMap.of()),
CacheUtil.ServerType.BROKER
)
);
}
@Test
public void test_isQueryCacheable_cacheableOnDataServer()
{
Assert.assertTrue(
CacheUtil.isQueryCacheable(
timeseriesQuery,
new DummyCacheStrategy<>(true, true),
makeCacheConfig(ImmutableMap.of()),
CacheUtil.ServerType.DATA
)
);
}
@Test
public void test_isQueryCacheable_unCacheableOnBroker()
{
Assert.assertFalse(
CacheUtil.isQueryCacheable(
timeseriesQuery,
new DummyCacheStrategy<>(false, true),
makeCacheConfig(ImmutableMap.of()),
CacheUtil.ServerType.BROKER
)
);
}
@Test
public void test_isQueryCacheable_unCacheableOnDataServer()
{
Assert.assertFalse(
CacheUtil.isQueryCacheable(
timeseriesQuery,
new DummyCacheStrategy<>(true, false),
makeCacheConfig(ImmutableMap.of()),
CacheUtil.ServerType.DATA
)
);
}
@Test
public void test_isQueryCacheable_unCacheableType()
{
Assert.assertFalse(
CacheUtil.isQueryCacheable(
timeseriesQuery,
new DummyCacheStrategy<>(true, false),
makeCacheConfig(ImmutableMap.of("unCacheable", ImmutableList.of("timeseries"))),
CacheUtil.ServerType.BROKER
)
);
}
@Test
public void test_isQueryCacheable_unCacheableDataSourceOnBroker()
{
Assert.assertFalse(
CacheUtil.isQueryCacheable(
timeseriesQuery.withDataSource(new GlobalTableDataSource("global")),
new DummyCacheStrategy<>(true, true),
makeCacheConfig(ImmutableMap.of()),
CacheUtil.ServerType.BROKER
)
);
}
@Test
public void test_isQueryCacheable_unCacheableDataSourceOnDataServer()
{
Assert.assertFalse(
CacheUtil.isQueryCacheable(
timeseriesQuery.withDataSource(new LookupDataSource("lookyloo")),
new DummyCacheStrategy<>(true, true),
makeCacheConfig(ImmutableMap.of()),
CacheUtil.ServerType.DATA
)
);
}
@Test
public void test_isQueryCacheable_nullCacheStrategy()
{
Assert.assertFalse(
CacheUtil.isQueryCacheable(
timeseriesQuery,
null,
makeCacheConfig(ImmutableMap.of()),
CacheUtil.ServerType.BROKER
)
);
}
private static CacheConfig makeCacheConfig(final Map<String, Object> properties)
{
return TestHelper.makeJsonMapper().convertValue(properties, CacheConfig.class);
}
private static class DummyCacheStrategy<T, CacheType, QueryType extends Query<T>>
implements CacheStrategy<T, CacheType, QueryType>
{
private final boolean cacheableOnBrokers;
private final boolean cacheableOnDataServers;
public DummyCacheStrategy(boolean cacheableOnBrokers, boolean cacheableOnDataServers)
{
this.cacheableOnBrokers = cacheableOnBrokers;
this.cacheableOnDataServers = cacheableOnDataServers;
}
@Override
public boolean isCacheable(QueryType query, boolean willMergeRunners)
{
return willMergeRunners ? cacheableOnDataServers : cacheableOnBrokers;
}
@Override
public byte[] computeCacheKey(QueryType query)
{
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
@Override
public byte[] computeResultLevelCacheKey(QueryType query)
{
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
@Override
public TypeReference<CacheType> getCacheObjectClazz()
{
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
@Override
public Function<T, CacheType> prepareForCache(boolean isResultLevelCache)
{
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
@Override
public Function<CacheType, T> pullFromCache(boolean isResultLevelCache)
{
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
}
| common_corpus | {'identifier': 'https://github.com/RomaKoks/druid/blob/master/server/src/test/java/org/apache/druid/client/CacheUtilTest.java', 'collection': 'Github Open Source', 'open_type': 'Open Source', 'license': 'Apache-2.0', 'date': '2018.0', 'title': 'druid', 'creator': 'RomaKoks', 'language': 'Java', 'language_type': 'Code', 'word_count': '421', 'token_count': '1672', '__index_level_0__': '26898', 'original_id': '5f329a66782c5472700700076a5397c3ac9a1af56b761a7e8f63d9625194939e'} |
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Topics in Depth
The Theme of Life is Complex in Biology Introduction
What is Life?
Nope, you are not in Philosophy class. Even though "What is life?" is the kind of mind-draining question we could spend days talking about over espresso and chocolate-drizzled croissants, a biologist would tell you that all living things—organisms, creatures, beasties, take your pick—have five characteristics in common. That's right; you are not officially alive if you cannot do the five things on this and the following four pages. Hand-eye coordination is not among them. You can breathe again now.
Living things are complex and organized.
Living creatures are well-oiled machines. Despite the nicely packaged outward appearance, living creatures have various different levels of organization that are extremely complex.
Starting at the lowest level of organization, subatomic particles, such as protons, neutrons, and electrons, make up atoms, which can combine with other atoms to form a dizzying variety of molecules. Atoms turn into molecules that get together and form cellular structures, including organelles, or as we like to call them, "mini organs."
However, a single-celled individual lacks tissues, organs, and organ systems, but it still has the same levels of organization below the cellular level: protons, neutrons, electrons, atoms, and molecules.
Many individuals living in the same place form a population, and all the interbreeding populations of a certain kind of living organism make up a species. When populations of different species interact, they form a community…and have lots of parties.
An ecosystem includes all the living organisms in a certain area in addition to the nonliving parts of their environment, which usually includes many different communities. Finally, the highest level of organization is the biosphere–encompassing all the living things on Earth. Phew.
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Evening Skincare Routine
I rarely mention skincare on my blog, and that's down to one simple fact; it's never really interested me. However, I feel like I've found products for me that don't break the bank and are extremely effective, so naturally I'm now willing to sit down and write a blog post about it!
I know a lot of bloggers that say that they're willing to spend a bit more on skincare products as in the long run it'll have a much better effect for them; I'm not one of those people. I think that's what the issue was - I couldn't find anything that had received good reviews, yet wasn't extremely overpriced (okay, other than one thing that is coming up, but all will be revealed!)
That is until I stumbled upon Liz Earle and The Body Shop; I've tried a few products from each and now I think I've found the perfect mix for an almost "routine" (I'm lucky in that I have quite good skin and I don't always wear make up, so I can get quite lazy!)...
Cleanser - The Body Shop Camomile Silky Cleansing Oil £10
Having bought this back in early November (see what else I bought here), I have used this non stop, yet I'm still only about half way through. A must for everyone who wears make up often but is too lazy to take it off with 4 million different stages; it's ideal for travelling with it's locking pump, easy to get the right amount out and really simple and quick to use. It even gets rid of waterproof mascara with out any rough scrubbing, although it does leave me looking like a panda before I remove it with warm water!
Toner - Liz Earle Instant Boost Skin Tonic £14.50
Featured in my 2014 favourites here, this beauty is just amazing. I can't quite put my finger on it, I'm not sure whether it is down to it's refreshing and cooling nature on my skin, or just the effectiveness of it removing any grime from my face if I don't need to cleanse before (when I have no make up days) or any excess make up that the oil may have missed - often down my neck!
Eye Cream - Environ Ionzyme C-Quence Eye Gel (£30 ish)
This is where I cheat a bit, for two reasons. This eye gel isn't exactly cheap, yet I only really use it if I feel like it's been a long day and my eyes are tired (plus I didn't actually pay for this, as it is technically my Mum's!!)... stay tuned for a more affordable one soon, as I use a different one in the morning! However, this cream/gel hybrid is so soothing and feels super luxurious on the skin, plus it's so much easier to blend my concealer in when I've applied this.
Moisturiser - The Body Shop Seaweed Night Treatment £12
Another which I bought back in November, this has honestly saved my skin a tonne. I'd never noticed that my skin felt like it was oily until the end of October, so when I found that this not only moisturised but helped keep oil at bay, I kept my fingers crossed that it would do just that. Guess what? It does! I can really notice when I don't use this product, as my skin not only looks a little dull, the oil control isn't brilliant; for someone who's skin is changing like mine did, or even for those with combination/oily complexions, this is a great one to go for... I will definitely be repurchasing this!
Face Mask - Sanctuary 5 minute Thermal Detox Face Mask £10.50
When I feel like I need a pamper, my skin looks under-loved or I just fancy the warming feeling of this product, the Thermal Detox Mask from Sanctuary is what I opt for. Not only does the thermal description actually work, it feels amazing and I love things that actually feel as though they're doing something! It's super easy to apply, although I must stress that you should always wet your face first as it then does feel like you're caking hardening mud, and whilst it can be quite messy (sorry, Mum!), it is the thing that I would recommend to you the most out of everything!
As you can see, all be it from the eye gel these are relatively affordable products, which I really love! I think I may now be a skincare convert and do try and stick to a routine as much as possible; my advice? Find products that suit you, and if you're unsure as to what would suit your skin type I find the ladies at the Liz Earle counters, Benefit counters or in Boots are often very helpful!
Have a lovely weekend,
Becky xx
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It's Go Time: What We Endured This Election Year Might Finally Be Over
hillary clinton, donald trump
Election day is finally here!
Today millions Americans will head to the poles in troves to cast their vote for the presidential election after a wearing and, bitter campaign year that at times revolted us and disheartened our view of the American political system.
Seventeen major candidates entered the race in March of last year. Just nineteen months after Senator Ted Cruz of Texas fired the unofficial starting gun on the election campaign, the largest presidential primary field of any political party in American history which saw a lineup that included Governor Jeb Bush of Florida, a retired neurosurgeon, a New Jersey, governor, and businesswoman Carly Fiorina, the Republican party has been whittled down to business magnate Donald Trump. His last opponent standing: Hillary Rodham Clinton.
No matter the outcome, history will be made. A Clinton victory would mean that the country would see its first female commander-in-chief in the history of our country's 240 years. Trump's win would typify a deeper rejection of the Washington establishment that has gone unseen for generations. The prevailing candidate will come from the choice of our entirely disunited country. Democrats have appealed to voters that Trump presidency, this judgment gathered from his rhetoric on immigration, race and gender, would constitute a an absolute rejection of the most basic American values. Trump has been embraced by supporters who believe his outsider campaign embodies the jettison of a political establishment that went corrupt ages ago and spurned blue-collar workers.
As all eyes focus squarely on the two rivals as the results roll in today, here's what you should keep in mind.
It's not over until they say it's over:
Results should come in tonight. While unlikely, there's always an outside chance that a close result could call for a recount. There's also a chance the results run into overtime and we won't get the declaration tonight.
Where to vote:
Find your poling spot here. Bring your ID!
Yes, your vote matters:
Every vote matters. If you're in North Carolina and Florida you should get your butt to the poles ASAP because your vote really matters. The two states will need to be snagged by Clinton or Trump in order to win. Both states have voters each candidate depends on – women, hispanic and black voters for Clinton and white working class voters to be snapped up by Trump.
What else is on the ballot:
Seats in the Senate and the House.
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11/12/12: Small Businesses Set to Increase Use of Mobile Technology for Events in 2013, According to Constant Contact’s EventSpot Survey
According to a new survey from EventSpot™ from Constant Contact®, Inc. (NASDAQ: CTCT), released in celebration of Small Business Saturday®, 81 percent of small businesses and nonprofits planning events expect to increase their use of mobile technology to market their events in the next year. However, there appears to be a considerable gap in interest level versus skill level; an overwhelming 90 percent of these planners say they would like to learn just how they can leverage mobile technology specifically for their events.
“Mobile tools will no doubt assume a much bigger role in event planning for small businesses and nonprofits but considerable training needs to occur before we’ll see widespread adoption,” said Chris Litster, vice president and general manager of EventSpot from Constant Contact. “Mobile technology offers the distinct advantages of reach, convenience, and affordability but until small businesses have the proper training, many won’t be able to leverage mobile tools to maximum advantage.”
Sixteen percent of those surveyed currently distribute content to an event registrant’s mobile device. When asked what event content they distribute:
75 percent said event schedules.
41 percent said session descriptions.
19 percent said speaker biographies.
16 percent said event presentation slide decks.
6 percent said white papers.
Events and Smartphones
Currently, only 15 percent of respondents report using a smartphone always, or frequently, for event planning. Of this 15 percent:
29 percent offer mobile registration and collect payments.
24 percent engage with attendees via a mobile device by posting event insights, learnings, or comments to social networks.
16 percent send “save the date” notifications from a mobile device.
6 percent offer a mobile check-in app.
6 percent survey or capture feedback from attendees via a mobile device during an event.
5 percent provide event schedule of sessions via a mobile app.
Twenty percent of those surveyed find that they get good response and interaction with collecting payment via smartphone, as well as with engaging attendees by posting event insights, learnings, or comments to social networks via smartphone.
Near-term Plans
Though 61 percent of respondents don’t currently use a smartphone, within the next six months:
49 percent plan to offer mobile registration and collect payments.
23 percent plan to send “save the date” notifications.
25 percent plan to provide event schedules via a mobile app.
22 percent plan to offer a mobile check-in app.
17 percent plan to engage with attendees by posting event insights, learnings, or comments to social networks.
It’s Not Business, It’s Personal
For the 13 percent of surveyed planners who said they were not interested in, or had no opinion about, using smartphone technology for future events, a common anecdotal theme was, “the smartphone I use is my personal phone and not a work phone and I don’t want to use my personal phone for business.” Readability was also a noted concern.
“Small businesses and nonprofits are often resource-starved, so it’s not surprising that some don’t have the funds to invest in work-specific mobile technology,” said Litster. “But as they explore how mobile technology can save them time and help them reach their customers more readily, I think they’ll begin to see the value.”
The Power of Social Media
The power of social media to promote events and engage attendees is gaining momentum among event planners:
23 percent promote events using a hashtag.
26 percent plan to promote events using a hashtag.
27 percent use Pinterest, with 18 percent having created a specific board for attendees to post on.
“We definitely sense a shift in the awareness and willingness of small organizations to leverage both social and mobile tools for events,” said Litster. “Our EventSpot team has seen more planners collecting Twitter handles during the registration process and sending out follow-up communications through Twitter post-event, for example. As EventSpot and other industry partners continue educating planners on the tremendous benefits of mobile and social technologies, we expect to see usage dramatically rise.”
About the Survey
This Constant Contact-sponsored survey was administered in September 2012 to small businesses and nonprofits using Constant Contact’s event management product. Results include responses from 299 respondents across a range of business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and nonprofits industries.
Additional Resources:
eBook: Going Mobile – How small organizations are using, and planning to use, mobile for their events. http://conta.cc/XtNTKm
Sample Tweets:
81% of SMBs/NFPs that plan events expect to increase use of mobile tech to market events in 2013 (tweet this)
90% of SMBs surveyed say they’d like to learn how to use mobile technology for event planning (tweet this)
Only 15% of SMBs surveyed report using a smartphone for event planning (tweet this)
Constant Contact wrote the book on Engagement Marketing™ – the new marketing success formula that helps small organizations create and grow customer relationships in today’s socially connected world. More than half a million small businesses, nonprofits and associations worldwide use the company’s online marketing tools to generate new customers, repeat business, and referrals through email marketing, social media marketing, event marketing, local deals, digital storefronts, and online surveys. Only Constant Contact offers the proven combination of affordable tools and free KnowHow, including local seminars, personal coaching and award-winning product support. The company further supports small organizations through its extensive network of consultants/resellers, technology providers, franchises and national associations.
Constant Contact and the Constant Contact Logo are registered trademarks of Constant Contact, Inc. All Constant Contact product names and other brand names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of Constant Contact, Inc. All other company and product names may be trademarks or service marks of their respective owners. | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'bab61665cfbce30c68138a65e68bcb3f53acc227815b78bc85c86e3f1a446133'} |
Hot Topics & Recent Columns
Your Gift Is Tax Deductible... -- NOT!
[NOTE: To our knowledge, Save Our World isn't a real charity. We're giving an example a fictitious name.]
You just sent in your donation check to the Save Our World charity. Save Our World is recognized by the Internal Revenue Service as a public charity under the relevant sections of the Internal Revenue Code.
The donation card you enclosed in the envelope, as well as the nice thank-you letter you'll receive in a week or two, include the words "Your gift is tax deductible."
What's wrong with this picture?
Simply put, Save Our World has no way of knowing whether your gift is eligible for treatment as a charitable gift on your Federal income tax return. In fact, no charity can know for sure. Many US nonprofits make this mistake, assuming that a charitable gift is tax deductible.
Tax deductibility is dependent on the facts and circumstances of a taxpayer's specific situation. Even when the organization is legitimate and the gift is appropriate for tax deductibility, there may be reasons why the gift can't (or shouldn't) be claimed by the taxpayer as a deductible expense. Here are two examples:
1) About 70% of all US tax returns are not itemized. Claiming a charitable gift deduction requires the taxpayer to file an itemized return.
2) The taxpayer may have already given gifts equal to or greater than the maximum percentage of their adjusted gross income for the year. In most cases, gifts in excess of 50% of a taxpayer's adjusted gross income are not deductible. Admittedly, this circumstance applies to a small percentage of donors/taxpayers, but it IS an exception that invalidates the nonprofit's guarantee.
There is another problem with nonprofits using the "is" language in discussing the deductibility of charitable gifts. No nonprofit should ever get itself into the position of appearing to offer legal or tax advice. Donors should always be encouraged to seek out independent legal and tax advice when making gifts where legal and tax considerations are present.
What should a nonprofit say about deductibility?
First, nonprofit leaders should review IRS Publication 1771 and IRS Publication 526 on charitable gifts and how to issue proper receipts for them.
Publication 1771 lists what should be included on a donation receipt:
1. name of organization
2. amount of cash contribution
3. description (but not the value) of non-cash contribution
4. statement that no goods or services were provided by the organization in return for the contribution, if that was the case
5. description and good faith estimate of the value of goods or services, if any, that an organization provided in return for the contribution
6. statement that goods or services, if any, that an organization provided in return for the contribution consisted entirely of intangible religious benefits
(described later in this publication), if that was the case
A nonprofit might wish to add a statement about tax deductibility such as, "All or part of your gift may be tax deductible as a charitable contribution. Please check with your tax advisor."
Typically, the deductible portion of a charitable gift is the difference of the gift amount minus the fair market value (FMV) -- not cost -- of any goods and services the donor received in exchange for the gift. So, a nonprofit's tax receipt might go so far as to do the math and say, "$86 of your gift may be tax deductible as a charitable contribution..."
Some charities blur the lines by saying "Your gift is tax deductible to the extent allowed by law." We don't like this formulation, as it is not only ambiguous but also potentially misleading as well as harsh-sounding.
According to a national study conducted in 2000, only 3% of donors listed tax considerations as a major factor in their charitable giving decisions. Some donors verify a nonprofit's IRS recognition as a way of verifying the nonprofit is legitimate, but that's very different than worrying about getting a tax deduction. A nonprofit's using clear and proper language won't affect donors seeking to do good with their gifts. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '14', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9278180599212646}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '21215', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:CDK3YYDRNZUCYG7O6CGWFRGUWKXX6VUH', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:e1e67614-775a-4ff3-b212-ed4422eeb645>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2017, 4, 27, 3, 14, 1), 'WARC-IP-Address': '23.253.56.92', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:MZBVCJWW3JM65UJZ2SSGG3ZYJQYEFDG2', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:112cb519-aa30-4895-ae0e-94a947ac9346>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://sumptionandwyland.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=40&Itemid=57&rid=70', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:bb0844dc-64dd-4ac6-94e3-442fb4bedcd0>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '669', 'url': 'http://sumptionandwyland.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=40&Itemid=57&rid=70', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2017-17\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for April 2017\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.01950317621231079', 'original_id': 'ab8b75b37f32d533c33f622115f3d4725541aef0a852a92b8515ed1cc32d6e5a'} |
Aileen Wuornos: The Life and Death of a Serial Killer
Complex film for a complex subject
Lack of easy answers
Allows viewer to scrutinize everything shown
Not balanced in the portrayl of Aileen
Viewer may benefit from watching the earlier film as well
Nick Broomfield
MPAA Rating:
Lafayette Films
Anyone who has spent time browsing the annals of serial killerdom knows that female serial killers are a rare breed compared to their male counterparts. That said there are some pretty nasty death maidens throughout history like, “The Vampire of Barcelona”, Amelia Dyer “The Baby Farmer”, and “La Mataviejitas”. The uncontested rock star of the category is Aileen Wournos. While the term rock star may seem a tad cheeky, you are a better person than me if you can put Aileen’s eerie resemblance to a certain Motor city Madman out of your mind while watching her interviews. Anyway, Wournos’ story or a version of it was told to the tune of one "Best Actress" Oscar in the movie “Monster”. In the real world, the car-hopping prostitute’s savage killing of seven Johns along remote Floridian highways between 1989-1990 landed her in the electric chair on October 9th, 2002.
Shortly after her arrest and confession in 1991, British filmmaker Nick Broomfield produced a documentary called “Aileen Wuornos: The Selling of a Serial Killer”. The thrust of the film was that even before she was convicted Aileen’s case was being marketed by her adopted mother, her ex-lover, her lawyer and police detectives all of whom were hoping to secure film rights and cash payouts. In 2002, Broomfield returned for a follow up that saw him play a role in the appeals process. The resulting film is “Aileen Wuornos: Life and Death of a Serial Killer.”
The narrative picks up with Broomfield’s return to Florida and the introduction of Aileen’s new legal counsel. The new attorney is making a motion for her based on the contention that her previous lawyer Steve Glazer was negligent in his duties. Broomfield takes the stand and defends his earlier film’s unfavorable depiction of the Glazer’s work. Despite the new appeal Wuornos insists that she is ready to die and even goes so far as to undermine her new lawyer and the character witnesses as they try to reopen her case. As the film unfolds we get several interviews with Wuornos, her friends and family. We are also subjected to a large dose of Broomfield’s own ideas about Aileen, her case and the morality of the death penalty.
“Aileen Wuornos: Life and Death of a Serial Killer” is a pretty complex film. At times it seems to possess an even greater depth than Broomfield intends. Or perhaps I am not crediting him enough for a willingness to portray himself as something of a Wuornos apologist. While Broomfield makes no attempt to exonerate Aileen he does make it plain that he would like to see some form of clemency granted, even against her own will if necessary.
What is most fascinating is Broomfield’s choice to include footage of himself defending the editing choices of the first film in court. The continuity of certain excerpts from ‘The Selling of a Serial Killer’ is questioned by the prosecutor in order to refute the allegation that Glazer was negligent while representing Aileen.
The prosecutor’s doubt is not hugely substantive nor is the footage grotesquely reframed to mislead, but Broomfield’s demeanor as a witness does threaten to puncture his credibility. The witness-stand is a place where a person’s manner of speech and the fluidity of their recollection are judged harshly. Broomfield’s testimony is the kind of moment that, when viewed with due skepticism, risks discrediting the person speaking and calls into question how far they will go to make their point. If by including this footage Nick Broomfield is being self-reflexive and inviting an open discourse on the ethics of everything including the construction of the film itself, then this is as ballsy as filmmaking gets.
Even with the filmmaker’s slanted sympathetic view of Aileen’s situation the film still manages to show us the complex nature of her personality. No matter how you feel about her crime and what she did or did not deserve as a consequence, this woman was a victimized soul. The question of how much her widespread sexual trauma and abandonment helped forge the killer is given some voice at points in the documentary, but it does not feel like the purpose.
This is a eulogy for a human being with little or no conscience. It is a challenging film, in that the viewer is asked to hold the hollowing sorrow of Aileen’s early life and then reconcile it with her lack of a genuine mea culpa and her violent wild-eyed tirades. She’s a victim and a beast; and this film stands as an amazing testament to her need for control. Towards the end of the film Aileen is caught on microphone admitting that she changed her original victim stance and sabotaged her defense so that she can hasten her execution. Her family, friends and documentarian contemplate having her declared incompetent to save her from death. It is interesting that their efforts seem to be ignorant of her wishes and blind to the manipulations associated with her pathology.
Aileen Wuornos was a fascinating and frightening person. That this film attempts to humanize her and relate the detail of her life is an admirable thing. It will doubtlessly frustrate those who don’t have ‘sympathy for the devil’, so to speak. There is little attention paid to her victims and Aileen’s beast takes a backseat to her victim role.
However, if you can look past all of this to Broomfield’s messages about the unethical politicizing of death penalty cases there are some worthy ruminations and hardy systemic condemnations. If on the other hand you are just looking for a freak show, there is some of that as well. In the final tally “Aileen Wuornos: Life and Death of a Serial Killer” is a fascinating, doleful portrait of sickness, loss, ethics, and multi-tiered ambitions all of which is phrased through a series of unanswerable questions. I can’t tell if Broomfield assembled the footage with the intention of leaving it so open-ended, but I don’t think it matters.
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Around The Web | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '4', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9654359817504884}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '27889', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:FWMX73ASWJFX3OFCZHKGFDDARJAHP6MG', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:fef21f54-0fe3-4d03-b5c4-4fe74f6a09ce>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 1, 22, 30, 52), 'WARC-IP-Address': '129.121.133.196', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:GXHSPROEBF3MZBFSNFNTQ3OSHOMCEFDC', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:cf7cc8b1-0d06-487c-a01c-832a1bd3feeb>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://bloodygoodhorror.com/bgh/reviews/12/04/2009/aileen-wuornos-the-life-and-death-of-a-serial-killer', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:ec6ab89d-fc42-4329-9608-251ac3ad1cd6>', 'WARC-Truncated': 'length'}", 'previous_word_count': '1067', 'url': 'http://bloodygoodhorror.com/bgh/reviews/12/04/2009/aileen-wuornos-the-life-and-death-of-a-serial-killer', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-146-231-18.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2014-23\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for July 2014\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.0200192928314209', 'original_id': '7584648c3d17b4ec66ea1222d444b06b35b668058017ccac1c47802e2d9d95d7'} |
Next On The Agenda: The White House
November 14, 1994|By Mickey Edwards.
Now that it's over, what did we learn? We learned, for one thing, that America's political system works. Americans went to the polls Nov. 8 and reshaped their governments, in the states and in Washington, D.C. They reordered the nation's priorities and took the law into their own hands.
Powerful incumbents were defeated. Political dominance shifted from one party to another and from one ideology to another. And all of this was done without term limits and without federal financing of elections.
Voters gave control of the Congress to a party that had not held majorities in the House and Senate for 40 years.
Spin doctors of the Left will continue to argue that the system is broke, but only by radical change can we create the kind of politics they prefer.
"Sure there were a lot of changes," one critic complained after last week's elections, "but how many poor people were elected?" Money does play a major role in politics because so many of a candidate's tools, from television advertising to direct mail, cost so much.
Despite the occasional Huffingtons, Kennedys, Romneys and Kohls, most politicians don't get elected by spending their own money; they get elected by articulating positions and receiving the support of people who agree with them. Obviously, a candidate without personal wealth will have to work harder-knock on more doors, visit more factory gates-than the fat cats with deep pockets.
A second favorite spin following last week's string of Republican victories was that "voters didn't understand." If only the voters had been smart enough to know what was really important to them, they would have kept the Democrats in charge, the reasoning went. It was this kind of elitism that voters rejected state after state.
The fact is, the American electorate is neither stupid nor confused. It may not know exactly how to get what it wants, but it does know what it wants.
Which brings us to the second lesson of this year's elections: Americans believe government has gotten too big, too intrusive, too expensive. This does not mean, as liberals fear, that they want to starve the poor, the elderly and the homeless. Americans are a compassionate people. It does mean, however, that voters are ready for some adjustments in how we go about the business of dealing with the nation's problems. It means voters want a system that is less costly, that does more to protect citizens against crime, that considers alternatives to expensive social programs that haven't produced the results their advocates had projected.
It's no accident that more liberals lost than conservatives. After 40 years of Democratic domination (even when Republicans were in the White House, Democrats controlled Congress and usually controlled the majority of state governments), the people wanted something different.
There will not be automatic acceptance of Republican proposals. If the new Republican majority keeps its promise to seek a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution, it will be under some obligation to operate within the parameters of a balanced budget while the amendment is being considered. Since there are only two ways to get there (raise taxes or cut programs), whatever the Republicans propose is certain to generate strong opposition.
But by choosing to transfer power away from the Democrats, who have preferred higher taxes to reduced spending, voters have indicated that they are ready for a more conservative approach to government: fewer programs, less cost. If Republicans go too far, the voters will jerk them back to reality two years from now. But if the President decides to act like Harry Truman, putting forth a liberal agenda and assailing Republicans if they reject it, he will once again make the mistake of misreading the electorate. If that happens, Republicans will soon add the White House, too, to their growing collection of political trophies. | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '0', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.9756892919540404}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '48181', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:XZ3W3J7V2Y2XJ4FNIP3FFCQCQ2SUEKE4', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:74ab0e07-7e19-4428-9e02-c9b7330f5f0c>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2016, 7, 30, 6, 40, 8), 'WARC-IP-Address': '151.101.20.204', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:AKKF5XZFS4FEYTGOQOUE7ZRWVD7KMRAF', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:0fcaf4bf-e355-48ee-8960-509e932e45f3>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1994-11-14/news/9411140244_1_elections-voters-democratic-domination', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:2e744c7d-b2d5-4dd0-b5e7-57f7e926fb3a>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '644', 'url': 'http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1994-11-14/news/9411140244_1_elections-voters-democratic-domination', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2016-30\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web for July 2016\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.34714627265930176', 'original_id': 'f2854805eacb644b0dea2efa708ccf04e53567c80af1eeca924223d42084f4b1'} |
Sooner Offense Turns To Physical Ground And Pound To Etch Out Victory
Tim Heitman-USA TODAY Sports
For the second week in a row the Sooners were involved in a physical slugfest of a game and for the second week in a row they came out on top.
"We didn’t play as well as we wanted to on the offensive side of the ball, but when we needed to make a big play we made that big play. Brennan [Clay] takes it 70+ for that touchdown. It was a huge play. They came back and answered, and we were able to do what we needed to do to run the clock out." -Blake Bell
The once pass happy/finesse offense run by the Oklahoma Sooners has given way to a more physical brand of football that pounds a defense into submission. We witnessed it last weekend when the Sooners traveled to South Bend to play Notre Dame and we saw it repeat itself on Owen field against TCU on Saturday night.
The passing game will never disappear from Norman but, in a growing trend this season, Oklahoma attempted more rushing plays than they did passing. We've already talked at length this season that its due mostly to the added dimension of a running quarterback but its also due to a new mentality that has led to a more physical brand of football.
In seasons past when the Sooners were limited in the passing game it almost always spelled doom. Now they'll just line up and run over you if they can't pass over you and that's exactly what we saw play out on the field Saturday night.
We had discussed, leading up to the game, the challenge that the TCU secondary would preset to Oklahoma's passing attack and they certainly lived up to the hype. Multiple times the OU receivers couldn't get separation from the TCU secondary causing Blake Bell to have to hold on to the ball longer.
To counter, the Sooners attacked the Frogs on the ground by pounding at the heart of the TCU defense. Just like every passing attempt isn't a completion, every rushing attempt isn't a homerun. However, it physically wears more on a defense to defend the rush than it does the pass. Oklahoma pounded on TCU for three quarters and in the fourth we saw the homerun come in the form of Brennan Clay's 76-yard touchdown run. It was the longest run of Clay's career and the insurance score the Sooners needed to seal the game.
Oklahoma ran the ball 38 times for 203 yards (5.3 YPC) and scored both of their touchdowns on the ground. Almost equally important was the fact that when the Sooners needed to grind out yards on the clock to close out the game they were unstoppable.
Grinding a game out on the ground isn't as flashy as throwing the ball around the yard for 500 yards but it is effective. Aided by Clay's long run, the Sooners averaged 9.8 yards per carry in the fourth quarter. That's the point of the ground and pound though. On the final possession of the game Oklahoma twice faced second and long and needed to keep the ball on the ground to run clock. Blake Bell answered those situations with a 13-yard run (on second and 11) and a 17-yard (on second and 10) in which he crushed TCU safety Sam Carter.
The bottom line is that Oklahoma has shown that they can win games two different ways. If you sell out to stop the run then they have the receivers who can hurt you in man coverage. If you play to stop the pass then they can physically wear a defense down by pounding away at them on the ground. Its been a while since we've been able to legitimately say that about Oklahoma's offense.
Position Grades
Quarterback (B-): Bell wasn't awful by any stretch of the imagination but it certainly wasn't his best throwing game. He completed 20/31 passes for 152 yards and while he didn't throw a touchdown pass he also didn't commit any turnovers. Bell also gained 61 yards on 14 carries.
Receivers (C): Give TCU credit for locking down Oklahoma's receivers for most of the night. Only three members of the receiving crew recorded multiple catches.
Running Backs (B-): Brennan Clay saves the day for this group. Damien Williams was largely ineffective (27 yards on 11 carries) and Trey Millard's eight yard touchdown run was his only carry. Clay averaged 12.3 yards per carry and scored what would end up being the game winning touchdown.
Offensive Line (B-): Blake Bell was sacked three times but I'm going to attribute much of that to the TCU secondary taking away options. The bit of redemption for this group was the 5.3 yards per carry team rushing average.
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Why Google Glass is so important
Every tech blog, news site, magazine and newspaper is writing about Google Glass. Half are saying good things half are saying bad things.
But there's one thing they all agree on: Mentioning Google Glass in a headline gets you readers.
You're reading this. Right? I bet a whole lot of you don't always read my blog but you are reading this post, right?
Writing about the success or failure of Google Glass is fantastic for many reasons:
It's low cost. You don't have to spend $1,500 on one. Just read other people's blogs and repeat what they've said, speculate, or just make shit up!
You are automatically correct. The product hasn't been released yet. Nothing you say can be "wrong" right now. Say that the actual sale price will be $10 million dollars or ten cents. You win! They, that's a good idea, actually. Someone should write a blog post saying they heard the final price will be ten cents! It isn't a lie, because you read it here. Just think of how famous you'll be for writing such an article!
When you are proven wrong, nobody will care. When Google Glass actually ships nobody is going to go back through all the articles written now and see who was wrong and who was right. If someone were to do this, those that were wrong aren't going to be fired or anything. It works this way outside of the tech world too! Heck, every person I saw on the Sunday morning political pundit shows last weekend has been proven wrong on whether Iraq had weapons of mass destruction, or wrong on the housing bubble, or wrong on TONS of things. Yet instead of banning them from ever speaking on economics, politics or foreign policy people like David Gregory just keep inviting them back! The tech world is even worse. Search around and see who predicted (in some cases vehemently!) that any of these products would fail: iPod, iPad, Android, Linux, the mouse, graphical user interfaces. Now take that list of authors and see which of them are still fully employed. All of them! Heck, I still remember John C. Dvorak mocking the Amiga for having multitasking... a feature he claimed nobody would want and nobody could use because "computers only have one keyboard". People still hire him! (I'm sure he never runs two programs at the same time because, he's like... consistent.)
Everyone else is doing it! Look! Now even I'm doing it! And yes, Mom, if everyone else jumped off a bridge I would too. The bridges in our neighborhood are all pretty darn low.
So take my advice: Mock it or praise it, parody it or deify it, make shit up or do actual research. Whatever you do, just write about Google Glass.
If you've a lazy editor and you've longed for the halcyon days of the early years of Java, with articles with "clever" titles like "What's brewing with Java", now you'll be able to talk about "Google's future clear as Glass", or you can express disappointment in an article title "Glass half empty", or when the first big bug is find, "Analysts warn of dangers of broken Glass". | mini_pile | {'original_id': '5cd117bd59c8cff572fc7463de86c82620e128b286f36724b218c4b42352ac08'} |
TULSA, Oklahoma - Uber, a technological take on the traditional taxi, came to Tulsa in March. Now, a second company, just like Uber, is thinking about coming to Tulsa. But some are saying you're taking a gamble when you get in their cars.
The ridesharing service Lyft, and their signature pink mustaches, is considering coming to Tulsa. Companies like Lyft and Uber both do their own driver background checks and aren't regulated, that scares some riders.
Chad Becker regulates taxis in Tulsa, but he won't be inspecting any Uber or Lyft cabs.
"They specify that they do background checks, that they do inspections," Becker said.
Ridesharing services like Uber and Lyft are classified as tech companies, not cab companies.
Cab companies in Tulsa have to have at least 10 cabs, get inspected yearly and have insurance. Their drivers have to get a physical, a background check through the Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation, with fingerprinting, and must pass an Oklahoma geography test.
If Uber and Lyft were classified as taxi companies, Becker said they could technically be operating illegally.
The Who's Driving You campaign also has some concerns, stating, "Uber and Lyft use cheaper third-party background checks. They're not conducted by law enforcement and don't involve fingerprinting."
Now, a bill is before the Oklahoma House Transportation Committee. It would require Uber and Lyft to register with the Oklahoma Corporation Commission, ensuring that they're performing background checks and have insurance.
"That they're meeting the minimum basic safety standards that any other public transportation company or vehicle would be held to," said Becker.
There's still time for the bill to pass before Lyft cars take Tulsa streets.
A Lyft spokesperson said, "We're testing ads in more than 20 cities. While Tulsa would be a great city for Lyft, we haven't made any plans to launch there at this time."
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It also checks on subsequent runs if the number of % uniqmarks drops to less than two, so that we'll need a rerun. % \begin{macrocode} \def\uniq@setmany#1{% \global\@namedef{uniq@last@#1}{\uniq@MANY}% \AtEndDocument{% \uniq@warnifunique{#1}% }% } % \end{macrocode} % % Warning if something is unique now. This always warns if the % setting for this run is not ``many'', because it was generated % by a setmany from the last run. % \begin{macrocode} \def\uniq@warnifunique#1{% \expandafter\ifx\csname uniq@now@#1\endcsname\uniq@MANY\else \PackageWarningNoLine{uniq}{% `#1' is unique now.\MessageBreak Rerun LaTeX to pick up the change% }% \@uniq@reruntrue \fi } % \end{macrocode} % % Warning if we have a second uniqmark this run around. Since this is % checked immediately, we could give the line of the second % occurence, but we do not do so for symmetry. % \begin{macrocode} \def\uniq@warnnotunique#1{% \PackageWarningNoLine{uniq}{% `#1' is not unique anymore.\MessageBreak Rerun LaTeX to pick up the change% }% \@uniq@reruntrue } % \end{macrocode} % % Maybe advise a rerun (duh!). This is executed at the end of the % second reading of the aux-file. If you manage to set uniqmarks % after that (though I cannot imagine why), you might need reruns % without being warned, so don't to that. % \begin{macrocode} \def\uniq@maybesuggestrerun{% \if@uniq@rerun \PackageWarningNoLine{uniq}{% Uniquenesses have changed. \MessageBreak Rerun LaTeX to pick up the change% }% \fi } % \end{macrocode} % % Make sure the check for rerun is pretty late in processing, so it % can catch all of the uniqmarks (hopefully). % \begin{macrocode} \AtEndDocument{% \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\uniq@maybesuggestrerun}% } \ExecuteOptions{aux} \ProcessOptions\relax % \end{macrocode} %\iffalse % %\fi | dclm_baseline | {'bff_contained_ngram_count_before_dedupe': '24', 'language_id_whole_page_fasttext': "{'en': 0.6961995363235474}", 'metadata': "{'Content-Length': '5761', 'Content-Type': 'application/http; msgtype=response', 'WARC-Block-Digest': 'sha1:TWEJP2SBXATB3JVT7CQ3G3WJMCIAA3NN', 'WARC-Concurrent-To': '<urn:uuid:6ab24460-617c-476e-b389-7180491a2ea3>', 'WARC-Date': datetime.datetime(2013, 12, 13, 11, 21, 34), 'WARC-IP-Address': '134.173.34.196', 'WARC-Identified-Payload-Type': None, 'WARC-Payload-Digest': 'sha1:QJFVRRM46WRNFAKNVH5U5TOTJCDEGAET', 'WARC-Record-ID': '<urn:uuid:7aad209f-a6d9-4302-9e78-d3b267eeb68f>', 'WARC-Target-URI': 'http://mirror.hmc.edu/ctan/macros/latex/exptl/thmtools/unique.dtx', 'WARC-Type': 'response', 'WARC-Warcinfo-ID': '<urn:uuid:f2ec6005-02e4-4627-92a9-375e812839ea>', 'WARC-Truncated': None}", 'previous_word_count': '504', 'url': 'http://mirror.hmc.edu/ctan/macros/latex/exptl/thmtools/unique.dtx', 'warcinfo': 'robots: classic\r\nhostname: ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal\r\nsoftware: Nutch 1.6 (CC)/CC WarcExport 1.0\r\nisPartOf: CC-MAIN-2013-48\r\noperator: CommonCrawl Admin\r\ndescription: Wide crawl of the web with URLs provided by Blekko for Winter 2013\r\npublisher: CommonCrawl\r\nformat: WARC File Format 1.0\r\nconformsTo: http://bibnum.bnf.fr/WARC/WARC_ISO_28500_version1_latestdraft.pdf', 'fasttext_openhermes_reddit_eli5_vs_rw_v2_bigram_200k_train_prob': '0.06777620315551758', 'original_id': '3bf5123af081d8df9fa281feaed39b1b1f346d486bdab0fe857ca91ae287deb0'} |
Game Day!
It takes a lot of energy to power your tailgate.
The sky was clear and the air was crisp – perfect college football weather. He had waited all summer for the first day of the football season, and to say he was excited would be a colossal understatement – like saying Clemson fans are a bit fond of the Tigers or Notre Dame fans are partial to the Fighting Irish.
He lived in the same college town his entire life. His parents met while students at the university, he graduated from there a few years back, and the first outfit his daughter ever wore was a onesie adorned with the team mascot. The university wasn’t just a part of the town, it was a part of his family.
Game Day is as good as any holiday one could image only better, repeated six times in the fall – kicked off by The Tailgate: equal parts food, friends and primal bonding before the main event. The little-noticed players: natural gas and oil, providing power and support for college football tailgates from Auburn to Yale (as far as it is known, none of the U.S. colleges starting with the letter “z” competes in football).
Tailgates may look chaotic to outsiders, but they’re carefully planned, coordinated and supplied. Tailgaters rise early on Game Day, decking themselves out in team colors before trekking to campus, vehicles loaded with the ingredients for a great tailgate. His group pays big bucks to the alumni association to get two coveted parking spots a pigskin’s toss from the stadium, spots #236 and #237 that his family had reserved for the past three decades.
59% of tailgaters use a combination of grills, stoves and smokers to prepare their game day meals, all of which may be fueled by natural gas and oil.
Fans spend up to $12 billion a year on tailgating activities, which are supported by natural gas and oil.
50 million people tailgate each year, and they use products made from natural gas and oil.
After pulling their car into #236, they begin setting up. Tedious to some, but he considered it akin to warm-up music pumping him up for the show. He and his brother immediately set up the tent made with petroleum-based fabric and three long fold-up tables made from polyethylene over #237. His wife and sister-in-law quickly cover those tables in easy-to-wash polyester tablecloths and begin meticulously placing casseroles, sandwiches, dips and drinks on them.
He sets up his little girl, dressed in a polyester cheerleader outfit, in her bouncy chair before unloading color-coordinated folding chairs, over-sized coolers and the cornhole set, on which his wife had painted the team’s logo.
But the party is just starting. His brother sets up a final table for the pièce de résistance – a flat-screen TV on which they’ll watch pregame shows and the day’s early slate of games. After all, one can play only so much cornhole. With the help of a portable dish and a generator, they never miss a touchdown. It takes almost an hour to get everything unloaded, but it’s worth it.
He loves the tailgate not for the food or the game, but because it’s a tradition, one that actually organizes family life. And the lives of other families. Virtually everyone in town rallies in that parking lot before the game to support the university.
The minutes pass by and cars begin to fill in other reserved parking spots. Before long, the lot is filled, and the crowds are rumbling with excitement. He sees Phil and Rhonda from down the street set up in their usual spot in #234 as well as the Robertsons in #235. His parents met them for the first time at this very location, and now they are some of the family’s closest friends. He helps unload their car, and they join his tailgating party, as they always have done.
Throughout the morning, raucous college kids stumble past their tent, teenagers toss a football back and forth and smaller kids play cornhole. When fans of the day’s opponent pause to ask for directions, his party welcomes them with a a beer or a soft drink.
The whole scene makes him smile. It’s what he loves, week after week, season after season. Win or lose the game, the tailgate will generate good times and some lasting memories. No better way to spend an autumn morning or afternoon.
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Setu Yoga Has a Plan to Make Yoga Less Skinny and White
This yoga collective is making room for leaders from marginalized groups.
Oct 17 2018, 7:18pm
Courtesy of Setu Yoga
“I want a black yoga teacher,” my friend Patia, who is black, said to me over lunch one day. It was a curious declaration, even though I kind of understood why before she even explained.
“I walk around in this world feeling unsafe in my body, for the most part,” she told me. “When I’m practicing yoga, my body and mind are doing vulnerable things. If I feel secure in this space with a teacher who looks like me, I can let all parts of myself show up to class—not just the parts that I think are supposed to align with yoga.”
I get it. Yoga's origins—and you don't have to be raised Hindu like I was to know this—are about exercise and mindfulness and nothing the hell else. It is a come-as-you-are sport. I first practiced in India with an old, soft, grandfather-like yogi who, thank sweet Jesus, was not wearing spandex/mesh yoga pants and a racerback crop top. Doing yoga unfettered by mainstream expectations of perfection (i.e.: whiteness, skinniness, temporarily able-bodiedness) is an incredible luxury—and something worth exploring.
Shout outs to the yoga studios who encourage humans of all types to come practice in a “safe space.” That’s cute.
Creating an actual safe space means making room for leaders from marginalized groups—ones who, just by existing, are actively fighting the unspoken rules that the whitewashed wellness world has imposed upon a ritual that was designed to be inclusive. It means allowing them the emotional and, hello, financial empowerment of teaching.
Another note on why we need more black, brown, male, gay, trans, thicc yoga teachers: There are mental health benefits in spending time with people who look like you and carry similar social stressors (as well as joys) that you do. Patia's feeling maps onto a real and widespread phenomenon.
Setu, a yoga community built as a platform for "elevating practitioners with different body types, skin colors, gender identities, and life stories." The site serves as a portal for people to check out and support teachers, as well as find classes, videos, and communities to join. Setu dropped a video this week to cement their message that yoga does not discriminate, and the people we see at the front of the yoga studio should reflect that.
So one more time for the people in the back: Yoga is for everyone. Let's start teaching like it is.
Video by Jacob Krupnick of Wild Combination for Setu Yoga
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Category: Texas
GSP saved American companies $80 million in September, about $10 million less (-11%) from September 2018. It marked the fourth month in a row that year-over-year savings declined, due wholly to terminated GSP for India and Turkey. Despite lost GSP for those two key supplier countries, GSP saved American companies $797 million in the first...
GSP saved American companies $72 million in June, about $17 million less (-19%) from July 2018. It marked the second month in a row that year-over-year savings due to terminated GSP for India and Turkey. In the first seven months of 2019, GSP saved American companies $628 million. Lost GSP for India cost American companies...
Yesterday we wrote that GSP savings plummeted to $66 million in June. GSP savings fell by the most since the 2008-2009 financial crisis. But while external forces caused the last big drop, this one stemmed from the Administration’s choice to make American companies tariffs on previously duty-free imports from India (and Turkey). The price tag... | mini_pile | {'original_id': 'ac140ee762df5b4cdb2c3a200c16f292770ed06943906057e473648935ddf4b2'} |
Terms Used in Jewellery
An alloy refers to a metal created by combining two or more metals. The new metal will have some properties of both metals used to create it. Gold jewellery is typically crafted from an alloy of gold with copper, silver, nickel or zinc. Similarly, silver jewellery is crafted from an alloy of silver and copper, brass or bronze. The resulting alloys are harder, more durable and may have a different color from the initial metal.
Gold in its purest form is 24KT, but it is too soft to be moulded into durable jewellery. Hence pure gold must be mixed with other metals to make it harder and enable it to maintain its shape. 14KT gold refers to a gold alloy that features 14 parts of pure gold and 10 parts of another metal. Thus, approximately 58.3% of the alloy is pure gold. 14KT gold is harder than 18KT or 22KT gold but is lighter in color. Jewellery made in 14KT gold also costs less than its 18KT or 22KT counterparts. It may be expressed as 14KT, 14K or 58.3% on gold jewellery.
18KT gold is the most popular gold alloy used for making jewellery. This alloy contains 18 parts of pure gold and 6 parts of copper, zinc or nickel. In terms of percentage, 18KT gold contains 75% pure gold. 18KT gold jewellery may be stamped as 18K, 18Kt, 18KT or 75%. 18KT gold is usually used for any jewellery that is studded with precious or semiprecious gemstones. Gold with this caratage is relatively hypoallergenic but may bend or scratch easily.
Solid gold jewellery is typically made in 22KT gold. This gold alloy contains 22 parts of pure gold and only 2 parts of alloy metal. It is the purest form of gold used for jewellery. In terms of percentages, 22KT gold has 91.6% pure gold. It may be marked on jewellery as 22KT, 22K, 22Kt, 916 gold or 91.6%. 22KT gold has a vivid yellow color and is much softer than 18KT or 14KT gold. It is rarely used for designs that involve diamonds or other precious gemstones.
American Diamond
American diamonds are synthetic, man-made diamonds. They are also known as Cubic Zirconia. These crystals are created using zirconium dioxide and look similar to real diamonds. However, there are a few prominent differences between real diamonds and American diamonds. Unlike real diamonds, American diamonds are not scratch-proof and they do not retain heat. They refract less light as compared to real diamonds and are approximately 50% heavier than their natural counterparts. American diamonds have a much lower price point as compared to real diamonds.
An anklet is a piece of jewellery that can be worn around the ankle. In India, it is also known as a payal, pajeb, pattilu, and nupur. This ornament usually takes the form of an ornamented chain with hooks or clasps at both ends. The thickness of the chain and the elements used to ornament it vary according to design. Some designs may also feature sonorous bells that chime as you walk. An anklet may be worn only on one ankle or on both. In certain parts of India, anklets have cultural significance.
The aquamarine stone is a blue-green beryl that derives its name from the Latin word for seawater. This is a semi-precious stone and can be found in colours ranging from light blue to sea green. Aquamarines are also pleochroic in nature i.e. they display different colours when viewed from different angles. This gemstone is the official birthstone for March. Brazil is the leading aquamarine producer, but it is also mined in India, USA, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nigeria. The largest aquamarine mined to date weighed 110kgs.
Bail or bale refers to the top loop of a pendant through which the pendant can be attached to a chain. This is normally placed in the center of a pendant. Bails are usually mass manufactured and attached to a pendant only after it has been made. They are available in many different designs, shapes, and sizes.
A ring of uniform width is known as a band. Bands usually have no raised elements and may or may not feature gemstones. Some bands such as wedding bands may be left plain with no ornamental elements. Others may feature intricate cut out designs or engraved designs. If a band is set with gemstones, the stones are usually the same or similar size. Wedding bands are the most common example of this type.
A bead is a small object that has been pierced through and through. This hole allows it to be strung on a chain, wire or cord. Beads can be made from gemstones, glass, wood, metal, shell etc. Beads are usually round but can be found in other shapes as well. The size of a bead can range from less than 1 mm to over 1 cm in diameter. They may have a smooth surface or be enhanced with etched or engraved designs.
Bead Setting
Bead setting refers to a way in which gemstones may be set in a piece of jewellery. This is usually used to showcase gemstones in a series or continuous row. This setting involves making a small hole in the metal into which the gemstone is placed. Tiny bits of metal are then placed over the edges of the gemstone. A beading tool is then used to make the metal look like a bead. Bead setting was first made popular in the late 1800s.
Bezel Setting
The bezel setting is said to derive its name from ‘Bezalel’, the makers of the Biblical Ark of the Covenant. This setting involves moulding thin strips of metal to the contours of the stone and placing the gemstone into the bezel. The gemstones are them locked into position by burnishing the metal over the edges of the stone. This type of setting may be used for faceted stones or cabochons.
A blemish refers to defects on the surface of a diamond, pearl or any other precious gemstones. This could be in the form of a crack, spot, pit, hole, dull spot, chip, bump or a wrinkle. They may not always be visible to the naked eye. Blemishes affect the clarity of a gemstone and thus influence its value as well.
Bloodstone is a type of chalcedony. It is available in two forms - plasma and heliotrope. Plasma bloodstone is opaque and deep green in colour. It may be dotted with bright red spots resembling blood. These red spots are caused by the presence of iron oxide. Heliotrope bloodstone is transparent and red in colour. Both forms of bloodstone may have a waxy or glassy lustre. This gem is the traditional birthstone for people born in the month of March. It is found mainly in Brazil, India, Australia, China, USA, Russia, and Germany.
Blue Topaz
Blue Topaz is a semiprecious stone and one of the most popular variants of topaz, a silicate mineral. The presence of iron or chromium can make topaz appear blue. Exposure to heat can also be responsible for the blue hues of the stone. Blue topaz is available in a number of shades ranging from pale blue to a bright, vivid blue. This gemstone is pleochroic i.e. it shows off different colours depending on the angle it is viewed from. The stone can be found in very large size and when polished, it is slippery to touch. It is the birthstone for people born in December.
The brilliance of a gemstone indicates the intensity of colourless light emitted out of the stone. Simply put, it refers to the brightness of the stone. This depends on the way the stone has been cut and the different facets have been polished. If a diamond is cut too deep or too shallow, the refraction of light will make the stone appear dull and lower its brilliance.
Brilliant cut
This is one of the most popular cuts for a diamond. A diamond or any other precious gemstone cut in such a way has exceptional brilliance and therefore, it is said to have a brilliant cut. The shape of a brilliant-cut gemstone resembles a cone with a large face through which the refraction of light can be maximized. A brilliant cut consists of 58 facets including the culet with 33 facets on the crown and 25 facets on the pavilion. The facets on the girdles are not included in this count. This cut is generally preferred when the raw gemstone is mined in the form of an octahedron.
Carat (ct)
Carat or ct is one of the 4Cs used to evaluate a gemstone. It is a misconception that carat refers to the size of a gemstone. It actually refers to the stone’s weight. One carat is equivalent to 200 milligrams. It can also be divided into 100 points where each hundredth of a carat is termed a point. The relationship between carat and size may be different for each type of gemstone. For example, a ruby is heavier than a diamond and hence a 1 carat ruby may be smaller than a 1 carat diamond. The price of a diamond typically increases with the carat size, but it is also determined by the cut, clarity, and colour of the stone.
Channel Setting
This is a type of setting for mounting diamonds and gemstones. A channel setting is renowned for its clean, well-defined edges. This type of setting involves suspending gemstones between two strips of metal known as channels. In the traditional channel setting, notches are cut into the channel for each stone. The modern channel setting may feature a groove instead. When set this way, no metal is visible between the gemstones which, in turn, give a visual impression that the gemstones are floating. The channels may be taller than the gemstones or be flush with the face of the gemstones.
The term charm refers to a small object that can be worn on a necklace, bracelet or anklet. They usually symbolise significant events in the wearer’s life. Charms may also be worn to keep evil spirits away. They may be made of gemstones, shells, beads, metal, stone, bone, wood etc.
Citrine, a semi-precious stone, is a type of quartz that ranges from being pale yellow to brownish orange in color. It derives its name from the French word citron meaning lemon. Traces of iron are responsible for the color of this semi-precious stone. It is a hard gemstone that may be found in large sizes. However natural citrine is rare. This may be cut into fashionable, unusual shapes for jewellery. Citrine stones are affordably priced and are the birthstones for people born in November.
Clarity is one of the 4Cs on the basis of which a precious gemstone may be graded. This refers to the degree to which imperfections are present in a diamond or gemstone. Gemstones with a low level of clarity have apparent imperfections while those with a high clarity have imperfections that may be visible only under a microscope. These imperfections could be in the form of surface blemishes or inclusions. A 10x magnifier is used to determine a stone’s clarity. Depending on the clarity of a diamond, it may be graded on an 11 point scale as I to FL with I being the lowest. The clarity of a diamond or gemstone impacts its price to a considerable extent.
A clasp is a device that helps join two ends of a bracelet, necklace or anklet together. It can be manually opened and closed. There are many different types of clasps. The lobster clasp is the most popular amongst them. Many pieces of jewellery also use the spring ring clasp and the S hook clasp. Clasps are usually hidden from view.
Cocktail Rings
A cocktail ring is a large, 3-dimensional ring that may be set with precious or semi-precious gemstones. These rings are usually worn to parties and are not considered practical for everyday wear. Cocktail rings became popular in the Prohibition Era as a symbol of female independence. These rings may feature a single large gemstone with a unique cut or a cluster of smaller stones. They may be worn on any finger excepting the ring finger on the left hand.
Color Diamonds
The color of a diamond is one the 4Cs used to determine its price. The color of a white diamond ranges from being colourless to having a yellow or brownish tinge. On the basis of its color, a diamond of the normal colour range can be graded from D to Z with Z being the bottom of the scale. The more colourless a diamond is, the greater its value will be. Fancy coloured diamonds are graded on a different scale. Color is hard to detect after a stone has been set as it will be influenced by the reflection of the metal color.
Coloured Gold
Since pure yellow gold is unsuitable for making fine jewellery, it is often mixed with other metals to form more durable and stronger alloys. The metals used to harden gold and form the alloy may influence its color. Alloys created with copper could appear pinkish. This is known as rose gold or pink gold. The amount of copper added determines the shade of gold. An alloy created with equal amounts of copper and gold is known as red gold. Similarly, an alloy created by combining gold with nickel or palladium could appear white in colour and is known by the name white gold. White gold and pink gold are valued on the same scale as yellow gold.
Coral refers to the skeleton of certain marine invertebrates or polyps. Its colour can range from being pinkish white to a blood red hue. The deeper the color, the higher the value of the coral will be. Corals are usually fashioned as beads or set as a cabochon. Large corals are rarely used in jewellery. In their raw form, corals may appear dull but when polished, they can have a rich lustre. This shine may fade with time. Corals are also sensitive to acids.
Cultured Pearl
The method of replicating the natural process by which a pearl is created was invented by a Japanese man named Kokichi Mikimoto in 1893.Cultured pearls are pearls created by manually introducing an irritant into an oyster or mollusc in a controlled environment so that it can become the nucleus of a pearl. This irritant could be in the form of a grain of sand, bead or a piece of shell. Over time, the mollusc secretes layers of nacre to cover the irritant and forms a pearl. Cultured pearls can be classified as fresh-water pearls and sea-water pearls.
The cut of a gemstone is one of the 4Cs used to determine its value. The cut of a gemstone refers to its proportions. This influences the gemstone’s brightness, refraction of light, and sparkle. The ideal cut of a gemstone is one that shows off most brilliance without too much wastage. A smaller, well-cut diamond can often command a higher price than large, poorly-cut stones. Diamonds can be graded as poor, fair, good, very good and excellent on the basis of the way they are cut. More often than not, the term cut also refers to the shape of a gem. Round, oval, cushion, princess, marquise, emerald, and trillion are some of the popular cuts used for shaping gemstones.
The depth of a diamond is one of the two factors that influence its cut. This refers to the total height of the diamond from the tip of the pavilion to the table. This has a direct impact on how light bounces off the facets of the stone. If a diamond is too shallow, the light will pass through the stone and it will appear dull. Similarly, if the diamond is very deep, the stone’s sparkle will be compromised and it will appear smaller than its carat weight. A diamond’s total depth divided by its width determines its depth percentage.
A diamond is a precious gemstone made up of 99.95% carbon. The remaining 0.05% trace elements determine the color, clarity and crystal shape of the diamond. Diamonds are formed when carbon is put under extremely high pressure and temperature at a depth of about 100 miles below the earth’s surface. It is the hardest natural substance and can be cut only by another diamond. Diamonds are valued on the basis of 4Cs or cut, clarity, color, and carat. This gemstone is the birthstone for people born in April and used to mark 75th wedding anniversaries.
A drop refers to a teardrop-shaped ornament. A drop can dangle from a necklace, pendant or earring. They hang just below the base of these pieces of jewellery and hence their range of movement is very limited.
Embossing is an ornamentation technique where a pattern is pressed onto a sheet of plain metal so as to leave a relief pattern. An embossed pattern is raised from the surface of the metal as compared to an etched or engraved pattern. Embossing is usually used to ornament pendants, earrings, and bracelets.
Emeralds are precious gemstones that were first mined in Egypt in 3500BC. This is a type of beryl, the colour of which ranges from greenish blue to a green. The color of an emerald is influenced by trace elements present within it such as iron, chromium, and vanadium. It is a hard gemstone and the birthstone for people born in the month of May. Clear emeralds are rare and hence their clarity does not affect their value as much as it does for other gemstones. Emeralds have a low density and hence a 1-carat emerald will appear larger than a 1-carat diamond. They are most commonly cut in a rectangular step cut because of their crystal structure.
Enamel jewellery is categorized as non-precious jewellery. Enamel can be used to create earrings, pendants, rings, bracelets, and necklaces. This refers to a glass paste or powder that is fused to the metal using heat. Baking this material creates a glass-like surface. In some cases, enamel may have a translucent finish. Enamel is available in a range of colours and therefore is ideal for making colourful jewellery without using gemstones. The colours depend on the metal oxides present and the temperature at which it is fused to metal.
The term engraving refers to a technique of ornamenting metal. Engraved jewellery features a pattern that has been cut out of metal using hand tools or a drill. In some cases the gouged out area may be filled with coloured enamel. The practice of engraving is often used to inscribe on the inside of a ring or the back of a pendant with dates, names or other personal details. Engravings were very popular in the mid-Victorian period.
Eternity Ring
Eternity rings can be described as a band with a series of similarly sized diamonds or other precious stones set in a continuous line. The concept of an eternity ring was created in the 1960s. Traditionally, these gemstones cover the entire circumference of the ring in an unbroken line with no beginning or end, like eternity. And that’s where the ring got its name from. Modern variants of this ring may feature gemstones only in the top half of the ring. This makes the ring easier to wear on a day-to-day basis. Eternity rings are typically used to mark a couple’s first wedding anniversary.
Filigree jewellery is made by twisting gold or silver wires into intricate patterns and soldering them in place. This may be soldered onto a sheet of metal or left as is. Some designs may also feature a combination of open filigree and backed filigree. Open filigree is finer and more difficult to make. The origins of filigree can be traced back to ancient Greece, Egypt, and Mesopotamia. In India, the state of Telangana and Odisha are recognised for their filigree work.
All parts of a piece of jewellery except the gemstones, beads, and stringing material are known as findings. This includes catches, pins, lobster claws, hooks, clasps, settings, claws, etc. The term originated from the time when jewellers had to make every element of a piece of jewellery themselves. As a precaution, they drew out a little more metal than was needed into the wire. The leftover bits of this wire were called findings. They could be used to fix an existing piece of jewellery or re-melted and reused. Today, findings are usually manufactured separately and bought at wholesale rates by jewellers.
The value of a gemstone is influenced heavily by its clarity. Any imperfections on the surface of the stone or inside it can affect the stone’s clarity. This is known as a flaw. Flaws include scratches on the surface, blemishes, chips, inclusions, fractures, spots, dull patches etc. Not all flaws are visible to the naked eye. In most cases, these can be seen only through a ten power magnifying glass.
A gemstone without any visible flaws when seen under a 10x magnifier is termed as flawless. Flawless diamonds are extremely rare. Only one in every 5000 diamonds can be said to be flawless. These stones are categorized as ‘FL’. Flawless diamonds are highly sought after by collectors and can fetch very high prices at auction houses.
Four Cs
A gemstone is priced on the basis of 4Cs. These are cut, clarity, color, and carat. Cut refers to the proportions and shape of the gemstone. This is often considered the most important ‘C’ as it influences the color and clarity of the stone. Clarity speaks of the presence of absence of surface blemishes and inclusions. When it comes to diamonds, the more colourless a diamond, the higher the price will be. On the other hand, for stones like emeralds, the deeper the color, the higher the price. Carat weight refers to the weight of a gemstone. One carat is equal to 200 milligrams.
Freshwater pearls
Pearls that have been cultured in molluscs in rivers and freshwater lakes are known as freshwater pearls. These pearls usually have an elongated shape and have a translucent milky appearance. These are easier to produce and hence cheaper than seawater pearls. Many freshwater pearls have unique, interesting shapes. This variety of pearls is measured in terms of grains. One grain is equivalent to 0.25 carats.
Garnets are semi-precious silicate gemstones that are available in colours ranging from red and orange to green. Red garnets are the most common while green garnets are relatively rare. Red garnets do not usually have any visible inclusions. Horsetail-like inclusions in a green garnet can increase the value of the stone. Garnets are the birthstone for people born in January. This gemstone is available in a range of sizes and carat weights.
Any precious or semi-precious stones can be called a gemstone. This includes minerals such as amethyst and organic materials such as pearls and amber. Four gemstones are classified as precious gemstones. These are diamonds, rubies, emeralds, and sapphires. All other stones are termed as semiprecious gemstones. When polished, gemstones may be used in jewellery. The science of studying gemstones is known as gemmology.
The outer edge of a diamond where the crown and the pavilion meet is termed as the girdle. The width of a girdle may vary at different points along the circumference of a diamond. This may be polished smooth or faceted i.e. have a series of tiny facets that are individually polished. The way a girdle is treated usually has no effect on the diamond’s value or appearance. However, the thickness of a girdle can affect the carat weight and the cut of a diamond. Diamonds with an extremely thin girdle are also more susceptible to chipping.
Gold is a precious metal that is yellow in its natural form. Pure gold is classified as 24kt gold. This is very soft and cannot hold its shape. Hence, gold that is to be used in jewellery is alloyed with other metals. These metals include copper, silver, zinc, nickel, and palladium. Most solid gold jewellery is made of 22kt gold while pieces that feature gemstones are crafted from 18kt gold. The metal being alloyed with gold can also influence the color of gold. The most commonly used gold colours for jewellery are yellow gold, white gold, and rose or pink gold.
Gold Plated
Gold plating is a process through which a base metal is covered with a thin layer of gold. Gold plated jewellery is cheaper as compared to gold jewellery but with time, the gold layer may wear off exposing the metal underneath. When buying ornaments plated with gold, their price is not influenced by whether the gold used is 14kt gold or 22kt gold. A piece of gold plated jewellery may be re-plated from time to time but this may be difficult for pieces with moving parts.
Grading refers to the evaluation of a diamond on the basis of its cut, color, clarity, and carat or the 4Cs. In terms of cut, a diamond can be graded as poor, fair, good, very good, and excellent. When it comes to color, diamonds are graded from D being the most colourless to Z. Diamonds that are graded as Z have a tinge of yellow. The clarity scale goes from I1, 2 and 3 to FL. Most diamonds used for jewellery are graded as VVS1 or VVS2. These diamonds have very-very slight inclusions that are not visible to the naked eye.
Gross weight
The total weight of a piece of jewellery is called its gross weight. This includes the weight of gemstones, precious metal, and any other elements present in it. The weight of a piece of jewellery minus the weight of gemstones and other non-precious elements is known as net weight. The price of gold for a piece of jewellery is calculated on the basis of this weight.
A series of marks or mark that is made on jewellery to certify the type of noble metal it is made of is called a hallmark. This is used to protect the consumer against being duped. Gold and silver jewellery in India is hallmarked by the BIS hallmark. A BIS stamp on a piece of jewellery means that its value has been attested by the Bureau of Indian Standards. This stamp will be accompanied by the year of mark, carat weight and the jeweller’s identification stamp.
Hammered Finish
A hammered finish can be created on both gold and silver. This can be described as having crater-like depressions on the surface. A hammered finish is popular for the way it makes the surface reflect light and gleam. It is typically achieved with hammers that have different heads. The amount of pressure with which the hammer strikes the metal and the angle at which it is struck determine the type of pattern created.
Heart Shape Cut
The heart shape can be described as a pear-haped cut with a cleft at the top. This is considered the most romantic cut for a gemstone. A heart-shaped cut is difficult to master and hence, gemstones that are cut in this way can be more expensive than others of the same carat weight. The heart shape cut is generally reserved for gemstones of a higher carat value. These gemstones are most commonly set as pendants and rings.
Hook Clasp
Hook clasps are a type of clasp used to bring two ends of a necklace, bracelet or anklet together. The clasp is shaped like a hook and hence derives its name from its shape. The most popular types of hook clasps are the hook and eye clasp and the S hook clasp. In both cases, a hook-shaped clasp is on one end of the chain and a small oval loop is at the other end. To close the necklace or bracelet, the hook must be put through the oval loop.
Hoop Earrings
Earrings that are shaped like a hoop or a ring are called hoop earrings. These hoops may be left as is or decorated with charms. Hoop earrings are available in a range of sizes beginning with those that merely skim the ears to those that almost touch the shoulders. Hoop earrings first became popular in the 1960s and have become a classic style ever since. They are a very popular style of earrings for young girls. There are many different types of hoop earrings such full hoops, half hoops, huggie hoops, latch hoops, and hinged hoop, to mention a few.
The acronym IGI stands for "International Gemmological Institute". This is an organization that certifies coloured gemstone and diamond jewellery. IGI was established in 1975 and is headquartered in Antwerp. It is the largest laboratory for diamond certification. It has 17 offices worldwide including 6 offices in India. IGI also runs professional courses on gemmology.
Imperfections inside a gemstone are called inclusions. Bubbles, internal breaks, mineral deposits, internal grains, and clouds are some of the common inclusions you can find inside a diamond or gemstone. These may or may not be visible to the naked eye. Inclusions may be present from the creation of the gemstone or come into being at a later stage. In either case, they affect the clarity of the stone and its brightness. Most inclusions decrease the value of a gemstone but in some cases, they are prized. For example, spangles in amber and needles in rutilated quartz greatly add to the value of these stones.
The purity of gold is measured in terms of karats. This is also known at kts. Gold is a soft metal and hence before it can be used to make jewellery, it must be alloyed with other metals and hardened. This ratio of gold to other metals is measured in 24 karats or parts. Hence, pure gold is valued at 24 karats. This is not used for jewellery. The purest gold used for jewellery is 22kt gold. This has 22 parts of gold and 2 parts of an alloy metal. As the karat value of gold reduces, so does the price. Gold jewellery may also be made out of 18kt and 14kt gold.
Jewellery is made in many individual parts that must be soldered together to complete a design. Gold jewellery marked with a KDM stamp has been soldered with an alloy of cadmium and 92% gold. This does not affect the gold purity. However, working with cadmium is believed to be harmful for humans. Hence, it is banned in many countries. Today most jewellers have replaced cadmium with zinc or other metals. At Bluestone, we do not use KDM in our jewellery.
Matte refers to a finish that may be given to gold or silver jewellery. This involves putting very minute pits on the surface to create a non-reflective surface. These pits can be created with chemicals or with abrasive materials that can scratch off the top layer of gold. A matte finish is also known as a brushed finish.
Navaratna is a type of gemstone setting. It is created with nine gemstones, namely diamonds, rubies, emeralds, corals, pearls, sapphires, garnets, topaz, and cat's eye. Each of these stones has celestial significance and it is believed that navaratna jewellery can ensure the wellbeing of the wearer. Navaratna jewellery can be designed in the form of rings, earrings, pendants, necklaces, and bracelets. It may be worn by men and women. These gems are placed in a particular order in a piece of jewellery with the ruby – the stone that represents the sun – in the centre.
Oval Cut
An oval cut can be described as an elongated round cut with 65 facets. The oval cut was created in the 1960s by Lazare Kaplan. This is rarer as compared to round or princess cut gemstones. The ratio of length to width can vary in an oval cut gemstone depending on the designer’s preference. Most oval cut gemstones have a bow tie effect. A small bow tie effect is considered an advantage while a large bow tie effect indicates a poorly cut gemstone.
Palladium is a soft, silvery-white metal. This is similar to platinum and shares a number of its properties. It is found in North America, South Africa, and Russia. Palladium has a high density and high melting point. Like platinum, it is highly resistant to oxidation and corrosion. When soft, it is ductile and can be easily moulded into varied shapes. It is often used to create white gold.
Pearls are organic gemstones. These are naturally created when an irritant enters a saltwater oyster or mussel. The oyster covers the irritant in layers of nacre and a pearl is formed. This process can take several years. Pearls are available in a range of colours with white being the most common. Other colours include pink, grey, blue, purple, green, black, and peach. The value of a pearl can be determined by its size, shape, lustre, color, surface quality, and nacre thickness.
A pendant is a small charm or ornament that is hung from a chain and worn around the neck. This typically hangs lower than the chain. Pendants can be made in many styles and sizes. The most common types of pendants are lockets, medallions, talismans, and ornamental pendants. They may be attached to a chain with a single bail or a double bail.
The peridot gemstone belongs to the olivine family. The color of this semi-precious stone ranges from yellowish green to brownish green. Impurities in the gemstone such as iron traces are responsible for its color. This gemstone is available in a range of sizes and mined in USA, Vietnam, China, Pakistan, Myanmar, and Finland. Grass-green peridot with no visible inclusions is said to be the best quality peridots. They can be cut in a variety of styles. This stone is the birthstone for August.
The traditional unit used to measure mass in India is known as a ratti. In the olden days, this was measured against the ratti seed. Today, the weight of a ratti has been standardised as 0.12125 gram. One ratti is also equivalent to 0.91 carats.
Rhodium Pated
Rhodium is a rare metal that is part of the platinum family. It is one of the most expensive precious metals used for making jewellery. Rhodium plating refers to the practice of covering a piece of gold or silver jewellery with a thin layer of rhodium. This increases the lustre and shine as well as the durability of the jewellery piece. In the case of white gold, rhodium plating also helps hide the yellow tinge of gold and makes it appear brighter. Rhodium plated jewellery is corrosion resistant and hypoallergenic. However, the rhodium layer may wear off with time and the piece may need to be re-plated from time to time.
Synthetic Gemstones
Synthetic gemstones are not fake stones. They can be described as manmade gemstones with the same crystal structure, chemical composition, and physical properties as a natural gemstone. A synthetic gemstone and natural gemstone of the same size will have the same weight. It is difficult to differentiate between natural gemstones and synthetic gemstones unlike you are expert in gemmology. One of the ways to tell them apart is to look for inclusions. Synthetic gemstones do not usually have any. However, finding natural gemstones without any inclusions is extremely rare.
VVS 1/VVS 2 (Very, Very Slightly Included)
The most common diamonds used for jewellery fall into the VVS1 or VVS2 category. This refers to the clarity of the gemstones. In both cases, blemishes or inclusions are invisible to the naked eye. Thus, they appear identical to diamonds of a higher grade. However, they can be seen when viewed under a 10x magnifying glass. VVS1 grade gemstones have inclusions that can be seen only from the pavilion. VVS2 grade stones have inclusions that can be seen from the crown.
White Gold
Gold is alloyed with other metals to make it harder. The metals mixed with gold can also influence the color of gold. When mixed with silver, nickel, zinc or palladium, the yellowness of gold in the alloy is reduced. This alloy is known as white gold. It is valued as much as yellow gold. The ratio of pure gold to other metals determines the intensity of yellow. Rhodium or platinum plating is often used to enhance the lustre of white gold and veil the remaining yellow tint.
Popular Designs
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What's Up, Cupcake? Menu
Saturday, May 26, 2012
Sweet Treats Saturday: Alfajores
To be completely honest, I'd never heard of Alfajores until I saw this recipe come up on Brown Eyed Baker. But after chatting with some friends who had and really imagining the concept... shortbread cookies with dulce de leche filling sandwiched in-between... well, why wouldn't I want to try them?
These cookies are so easy to make. They only use four common ingredients and the dulce de leche filling. You can buy the filling already made in a can - commonly found in the baking section of your grocery store. Or if you're like me and don't have any on hand (and are too lazy to run out to the store to get it) you can make it yourself. In actuality, it's easy to make, just very time consuming. It really is worth it to get the ready made product but my closest grocery store doesn't stock it and I didn't feel like driving the extra 15 minutes to go to a different store. I know, lame excuse, but it was good practice.
This recipe is very easy to make and has a great flavor. The shortbread cookies aren't too sweet, so paired with the dulce de leche filling it's a wonderful combination.
Also, as I've mentioned, I don't have a large food processor so I use a handy pastry blender for recipes like this. It seems to work fine, just make sure you blend everything to the consistency as stated in the directions (e.g. coarse meal). Also, I don't have a round cookie cutter. I know, weird. I keep meaning to pick one up but I forget every time. So I just used other household goods like glassware with a small mouth opening (champagne glass or juice glass).
Recipe from Brown Eyed Baker, modified for no food processor
Makes approximately 18 sandwich cookies depending on size
Print Friendly and PDFPrint Friendly
4 cups all-purpose flour, plus extra for dusting
1/4 cup plus 2 tbsp powdered sugar, plus extra for dusting
1 1/2 cups unsalted butter (basically 3 sticks), chilled and cut into pieces
1/2 cup water
1. Sift together flour and powdered sugar. I did the next part by hand with a pastry blender but the original recipe recommends a food processor (again, I don't have one big enough for these quantities, but I tried to make do with what I had). Blend together the flour and sugar mixture with the butter until the mixture resembles coarse meal. Pour in the water in a slow stream and mix until the dough comes together, about 20 seconds. Split dough in half and mold each into a flat disk. Wrap in saran wrap and refrigerate for at least an hour.
3. On a well-floured surface, roll out one disk of dough to under a 1/4 inch of thickness. Using a 2-inch round cookie cutter (or in my case, the mouth of a champagne flute), cut out rounds from the dough and transfer to prepared baking sheet. Repeat with other disk of dough. Gather up scraps from the batches and roll out one more time to cut out remaining dough.
4. Bake until lightly golden, about 15 minutes, rotating the sheets halfway through baking. Transfer cookies to a wire rack to cool completely.
5. Spread 1 to 2 teaspoons of dulce de leche on the bottom of half of the cookies. Top with the remaining cookies. Dust with powdered sugar to finish. It's best to eat the finished cookies on the same day that they're assembled.
Note: If you do not have dulce de leche you can make it yourself by taking a can of sweetened, condensed milk and placing it in a heat proof bowl. Make a double boiler by placing into a pan with simmering water. Cover the top bowl and cook, stirring ever 15 minutes or so for about an hour and a half - until the milk is thick and amber in color. Remove from heat and beat with a wooden spoon to smooth it out. Transfer to a clean bowl and refrigerate until cool.
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