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Fort Greene Historic District is a national historic district in Fort Greene, Brooklyn, New York, New York. It consists of 1,158 contributing buildings, two contributing sites, one contributing object, and two contributing structures. It is characterized by a concentration of architecturally distinguished three and four story townhouses developed speculatively and built between 1840 and 1890. Most are faced in sandstone and exhibit characteristics of the Greek Revival, Italianate, Second Empire, and Neo-Grec styles. It includes the 33-acre Fort Greene Park designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux in 1868. In the park is a column memorializing Revolutionary War soldiers (Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument) that was designed by McKim, Mead, and White and erected in 1908. The park was built on the site of fortifications built in 1776 and 1814. Also located in the district is the Brooklyn Academy of Music. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 and expanded in 1984. References Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Brooklyn New York City designated historic districts New York City Designated Landmarks in Brooklyn Italianate architecture in New York City Fort Greene, Brooklyn
万斯堡或者丹斯堡（），是美国肯塔基州的一座自治级城市，刘易斯县的县治，坐落于俄亥俄河的南浦，建立于1827年，面积约为3.4平方公里（1.3平方英里）。根据2010年人口普查，该市的人口为1518人，据估计2018年会是1395人。市名万斯堡或者丹斯堡是以约瑟夫·加尔文·万斯（）命名的。他是该是的两位创始人之一。另一个创始人的名字与已有的城市巴兹敦太相似了。“”是古英语名词，意思是“丘堡”，现在是英语后缀，用在市名，意思是“镇”或者“市”。万斯堡的昵称曾是“明矾城”（）。历史在公年前14000年之前，印第安人很可能到达了现今万斯堡的地区。在疏林时代，该地区曾是雅典娜文化（公元前1000～200年）、霍普韦尔文化（公元前200年～公元500年）、古代要塞文化（公元1000～1750年）的一部分。在17与18世纪，它由肖尼与易洛魁控制。附近最大的定居点曾是肖尼城（现在俄亥俄州朴次茅斯市）。在1673年，加百列·亚瑟（）是第一个已知的经过该地区的欧洲人。咸水溪在1744年开始在法国与英国的地图上出现，探险家在此打猎制盐。肯塔基州建立之后五年（1797年6月30日），摩西·贝尔德（）与约瑟夫·C·万斯购买了22¼公顷（55英亩）土地，开始使用盐井，不久营建了万斯堡城。早先，该城制造盐和明矾。在那时两者对于保存肉和菜很重要。为了躲避俄亥俄河时而发生的洪水，万斯堡在扩张中向地势更高的土地迁移。 1815年，它开设了第一邮局。城市建于1827年1月24日。 1864年1月，万斯堡代替了克拉克斯堡（）成为刘易斯县县治。 1888年，梅斯维尔与大桑迪铁路连通了万斯堡， 1904年7月1日，该铁路连接了切萨皮克与俄亥俄铁路，现在属于CSX运输。地理万斯堡坐落于美国的中部，肯塔基州的东北部，刘易斯县的北部，处于咸水溪与俄亥俄河的交汇处东边的高地。有名的人托马斯·马西（生1971年），政治人物参考资料 . . . . . . . 肯塔基州城市
Sílvio José Canuto (born 17 January 1977), commonly known as Silvinho, is a Brazilian football manager and former player who played as an attacking midfielder. He is the auxiliar coach of Maringá FC. Club statistics Honours Player Atlético Paranaense Campeonato Paranaense: 2000 References External links 1977 births Living people Brazilian men's footballers Brazilian expatriate men's footballers Expatriate men's footballers in Japan Men's association football midfielders Brazilian football managers Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players J1 League players J2 League players Campeonato Brasileiro Série B managers Campeonato Brasileiro Série C managers Londrina Esporte Clube players Esporte Clube XV de Novembro (Piracicaba) players Guarani FC players Club Athletico Paranaense players Sociedade Esportiva Matonense players Sport Club Internacional players Vegalta Sendai players Albirex Niigata players Esporte Clube Vitória players Yokohama FC players São José Esporte Clube players Associação Chapecoense de Futebol players Londrina Esporte Clube managers
The Original Pantry Cafe is a coffee shop and restaurant in Los Angeles, California. Located at the corner of 9th and Figueroa in Downtown L.A.'s South Park district, The Pantry (as it is known by locals) claims to never have closed or been without a customer since it opened including when it changed locations in 1950 to make room for a freeway off-ramp; it served lunch in the original location and served dinner at the new location the same day. This claim is also attributed to the fact that Dewey Logan never refused a customer even if the customer was short on money. It was however, closed briefly at the order of health inspectors on November 26, 1997, and reopened the next day. That tradition ended due to the COVID-19 pandemic in California, and the restaurant has since been open from 7 am to either 3 or 5 pm, depending on the day. The restaurant was owned by former Los Angeles mayor Richard Riordan and has served many celebrities and politicians. History When it was opened in 1924 at its original location at 9th Street and Francisco Street, the restaurant consisted of one room, a 15-stool counter, a small grill, a hot plate and sink. In 1950, The Pantry moved to its location at 9th and Figueroa, and has since been designated as a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument No. 255, and named the most famous restaurant in Los Angeles. The restaurant was known for serving coleslaw to all patrons during the evening hours, even if they ultimately decide to order breakfast. It claims to serve 90 tons of bread (or 461 loaves per day) and 10.5 tons (20,000-tree harvest) of coffee per year. After 87 years, the restaurant's tradition of serving free coffee ended in 2011. Part of the building on Figueroa Street became Riordan's Tavern, also owned by the former mayor. For the celebration of the 90th anniversary of the restaurant in 2014, some people submitted their stories about The Original Pantry Cafe. This was the entry ("A Pancake Tradition") by the winner, Devin Kelley. A sign can be found in the entrance of the coffee shop: It's Sunday, 10:30. Brunch-time. We're standing in line outside the Original Pantry. The summer breeze ripples my t-shirt. I grin at my grandma. She's standing, not noticing me, arms crossed, looking ahead at the front door. I count the heads in front of us again. Now we're in ninth place. The couple behind us shuffles their shoes, catching up with us, as the line shifts forward another few feet. The line is long but welcoming. Everyone wavers in it, shifting, looking behind, forward again, and heads bobbing and peering over others towards the front. My grandma looks at me, a paper menu clutched between soft fists, and forces a smile. She's been going here since she was nine years old. Always, every Sunday, her mother and father would bring her to the pantry after mass, allowing her to order whatever she desired. Scanning the long menu, between the classic Sour Dough French Toast, and the mouth-watering Bacon and Cheese Omelet, she would wrinkle her brow and pretend to consider ordering something different. But she never did. It was always the pancakes and a large orange juice. Her parents would laugh at her seriousness. "Let me guess," her mother would say. "The Pancakes?" My grandma taught me this not-so-secret combination when I was nine. I too ordered the pancakes every time. I too dreamed of the pillowy cakes drenched in maple syrup and butter. I too washed it down with a tall glass of OJ. And I too pretended, though I never meant it, to consider the long list of options on the menu. We had a simple tradition at the Pantry. The line moves again. I count the heads. We're three feet away from the entrance and I can already smell the buttery bread and bacon. My grandma puts her arm around my shoulder and winks at me, as she drops her menu on the ground. I bend to pick it up, but as I do, I notice two tall, large men, sneak in front of us. "Excuse me" my grandma says, "the line starts back there." She points down St. James Blvd., down a long line of excited people fidgeting. Somewhere in line a man is playing soft rock on his phone. It's "Take it Easy" by the Eagles. The two big men, one with sunglasses and a muscle shirt, and the other with torn jeans, ignore her call to arms. To my amazement, she pokes one of them on the back. "What do you want old lady?" the man exclaims as he turns around. "Excuse me, my grandson and I have been waiting in line for pancakes. That's all." The man in torn jeans looks at me and then at the old lady who had just challenged him. His eyes droop and he grabs his friend by the bicep. "My grandma use to take me here when I was young" he says. "Come on" he says to his friend. "The line starts back there." My grandma takes me by the hand, nods her head, and smiles wide. Lore The wait staff, and even the cook, were known for wearing impeccably starched white dress shirts with black bow ties. It was said that the Pantry hired its staff from among men recently released from jail or prison, providing them with an occupation as a way of rehabilitating them into society but this legend was concocted by staff to fool a visiting reporter. For many years, a gentleman who could have passed as the twin brother of actor Humphrey Bogart worked at The Pantry as a waiter, and was known as "Bogie" by regulars. In popular culture The cafe is regularly mentioned or visited by characters in Michael Connelly's series of mystery novels featuring LAPD detective Harry Bosch, including The Black Echo and The Last Coyote. The restaurant is featured in a scene in Judd Apatow's 2007 comedy Knocked Up, in which Seth Rogen's character informs his father (Harold Ramis) of his girlfriend's pregnancy. References 1924 establishments in California Buildings and structures in Downtown Los Angeles Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments Restaurants established in 1924 Restaurants in Los Angeles Coffeehouses and cafés in the United States
鼻中隔穿孔的用药原则是什么?？1.一般病例应用以上药物局部处理可改善症状。 2.如穿孔因特殊感染引起，需选用相应有效抗生素抗感染治疗。 3.对有功能障碍及临床症状的穿孔行手术治疗修补穿孔。术后使用抗生素预防感染。
Teleprompt Records was an independent record label that was formed in 2003 by record producer Tedd T, keyboardist and Mutemath vocalist Paul Meany, and manager Kevin Kookogey. The label was formed to promote and distribute music for Meany's band Mutemath. The label was based in Franklin, Tennessee, and had an exclusive distribution deal with Warner Bros. Records. Mutemath was the only artist on the roster. As of 2015, the relationship between Teleprompt and Warner Music Group has been dissolved, and Teleprompt operations have been suspended. Mutemath has formed an independent label, Wojtek Records, to serve as Teleprompt's successor. Controversy In mid-2005, Teleprompt Records engaged Warner Music Group in litigation involving the marketing and distribution of Mutemath as a Warner artist. Teleprompt claimed that the marketing of Mutemath as a "Christian" band on WB's Word Records constituted breach of contract and negligent misrepresentation. Meany and Kookogey both made public statements regarding the action via various media outlets, including MTV and Billboard, the latter of which ran a cover story on the incident. Warner never made a public statement. Meany's version of the story claims that they had an agreement to be represented by the mainstream Warner label from the beginning and that WBR was continuously refusing to honor their end of the bargain. When the two parties entered litigation, all the rights to Mutemath's previously released work on Reset EP remained with Warner, and the group opted to release their debut LP on their own without any previously recorded material as a measure to avoid more conflict. The suit was settled out of court as of August 10, 2006, with a newly forged contract and exclusive distribution deal with Warner Bros. Records, who re-released the group's LP on WBR in September 2006. Roster Mutemath See also List of record labels References External links Official site Mutemath Online Store Record labels established in 2003 American independent record labels Indie rock record labels
Thabo Masunga Maruje is the current chief of Masunga village, who took the title from his uncle Christopher Masunga. Thabo is the son to the late Robert Masunga, who was the first chief of Masunga village. Gallery of photos References Botswana chiefs Botswana Christians Year of birth missing (living people) Living people Place of birth missing (living people)
Santería is a syncretic religion developed in Cuba between the 16th and 19th centuries. Santeria may also refer to: "Santeria" (song), a song by American ska punk band Sublime, 1996 Santeria (album), an album by Marracash and Guè Pequeno, 2016 "Santeria" (Pusha T song), 2018 "Santería" (Lola Índigo, Danna Paola and Denise Rosenthal song), 2020 See also Santeros de Aguada, a Puerto Rican basketball team Santerians, a fictional superhero team
请描述岩石松的产地溯源？产于东北及陕西、湖北、四川、云南等地。
泰鲁阿讷河（，）是法国法蘭西島大區塞纳-马恩省的河流，是马恩河的右支流，长23.3千米。法国河流塞纳-马恩省河流
Elwin Nelson "Doc" Romnes (January 1, 1907 – July 21, 1984) was an American ice hockey player and coach. He played professionally in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Chicago Black Hawks, Toronto Maple Leafs, and New York Americans from 1930 to 1940. He won the Lady Byng Trophy in 1935–36 for sportsmanship and gentlemanly play, and with Chicago won the Stanley Cup twice, in 1934 and 1938. Following his player career, Romnes was head coach of the Michigan Tech Huskies from 1941 to 1945 (including two years when the program was suspended during World War II), and the Minnesota Golden Gophers from 1947 until 1952. He was inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 1973. Career statistics Regular season and playoffs Head coaching record Awards and achievements 1936 Lady Byng Trophy winner 1934 Stanley Cup (Chicago Black Hawks) 1938 Stanley Cup Championship (Chicago Black Hawks) References External links 1907 births 1984 deaths American men's ice hockey centers Chicago Blackhawks players Ice hockey coaches from Minnesota Ice hockey players from Minnesota Lady Byng Memorial Trophy winners London Tecumsehs players Michigan Tech Huskies men's ice hockey coaches Minnesota Golden Gophers men's ice hockey coaches New York Americans players Omaha Knights (AHA) players Pittsburgh Yellow Jackets (IHL) players Sportspeople from White Bear Lake, Minnesota Stanley Cup champions Toronto Maple Leafs players United States Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Fosterella robertreadii is a plant species of the genus Fosterella. It is endemic to Peru. References robertreadii Endemic flora of Peru Plants described in 2009
The first season of Românii au talent began on 18 February 2011 and ended on 25 April 2011. It was won by rapper Adrian Țuțu. The show was divided in 11 parts, the first six broadcast the auditions, the following four represented the semifinals, and the last part was the big final. The semifinals and the final were broadcast live, in a studio, with audience. The show recorded the biggest Romanian audiences for a reality competition. Beginnings The first commercials for the show were first aired in the Summer of 2010. The application process started on July 2, 2010. The judges firstly visited Constanţa, Piatra Neamț, Timișoara, Bucharest and Cluj-Napoca. The show first aired on 18 February 2011. Success The first episode was a big success for the ratings. Pro TV not only managed to have the biggest audience during the show, but managed to make "Romania's Got Talent" the most viewed television show since 2004 in Romania, beating its own records for the show Dansez pentru tine (Dancing with the Stars), another popular show in Romania broadcast by Pro TV. Semi-finalists Out of hundreds of contestants, only 200 won the local selection, having 1 or no X-es. The jury decided only 48 finalists. According to Pro TV's website, each contestant that qualified for the semifinals, were voted by the general public through text messages. The semi-finals were broadcast in four editions: On April 1, April 2 respectively April 8 and April 9, 2011. In each edition, twelve contestants had to pass the juries and get as many votes from the general public in order to proceed further to the finals, the last step to the grand prize. Semi-finals summary The "Order" columns list the order of appearance each act made for every episode. Semi-final 1 (1 April) Guest performers: Costel Busuioc and Valentin Urse. Semi-final 2 (2 April) Guest performers: Pepe and Petruța Cecilia Kupper. Semi-final 3 (8 April) Guest performers: The 8 teams competing in Dansez pentru tine. Semi-final 4 (9 April) Guest performer: Horia Brenciu and Marius Mihalache. Final (25 April) Guest performer: Loredana Groza and Damian Drăghici. Ratings References External links Romanii au talent at protv.ro Românii au talent 2011 Romanian television seasons
The MacBook Air is a line of laptop computers developed and manufactured by Apple since 2008. It features a thin, light structure in a machined aluminum case and currently either a 13-inch or 15-inch screen. The Macbook Air's lower prices relative to the larger, higher performance MacBook Pro have made it Apple's entry-level notebook since the discontinuation of the original MacBook line in 2011. Intel-based The MacBook Air was introduced in January 2008 as a premium ultraportable with a 13.3-inch screen and a full-size keyboard, and was promoted as the world's thinnest notebook, opening a laptop category known as the ultrabook family. With its slim design, it attracted attention for not including an optical disc drive, and having fewer ports than was typical for laptops at the time. Original (2008–2009) Steve Jobs introduced the MacBook Air during Apple’s keynote address at the 2008 Macworld conference on January 15, 2008. The first MacBook Air was a 13.3-inch model, initially promoted as the world's thinnest notebook at (a previous record holder, 2005's Toshiba Portege R200, was high). It featured a custom Intel Merom CPU and Intel GMA GPU which were 40% smaller than the standard chip package. It also featured an anti-glare LED backlit TN 6-bit color panel display, a full-size keyboard, and a large trackpad that responded to multi-touch gestures such as pinching, swiping, and rotating. The MacBook Air was the first subcompact notebook offered by Apple after the 12" PowerBook G4 discontinued in 2006. It was also Apple's first computer with an optional solid-state drive. It was the last Mac to use a PATA storage drive, and the only one with an Intel CPU. To conserve on space, it uses the 1.8 inch drive used in the iPod Classic instead of the typical 2.5-inch drive. It was Apple's first notebook since the PowerBook 2400c without a built-in removable media drive. To read optical disks, users could either purchase an external USB drive such as Apple's SuperDrive or use the bundled Remote Disc software to access the drive of another computer wirelessly that has the program installed. The MacBook Air also did not include a FireWire port, Ethernet port, line-in, and a Kensington Security Slot. On October 14, 2008, a new model was announced with a low-voltage Penryn processor and Nvidia GeForce graphics. Storage capacity was increased to a 128 GB SSD or a 120 GB HDD, and the micro-DVI video port was replaced by the Mini DisplayPort. The disk drive was also changed from a PATA drive to the faster SATA drive. A mid-2009 revision featured slightly higher battery capacity and a faster Penryn CPU. Redesign (2010–2017) , Apple released a redesigned 13.3-inch model with a tapered enclosure, higher screen resolution, improved battery, a second USB port, stereo speakers, and standard solid state storage. An 11.6-inch model was introduced, offering reduced cost, weight, battery life, and performance relative to the 13.3-inch model, but better performance than typical netbooks of the time. Both 11-inch and 13-inch models had an analog audio output/headphone minijack supporting Apple earbuds with a microphone. The 13-inch model received a SDXC-capable SD Card slot. Solid-state storage was made standard, and later revisions added Intel Core i5 or i7 processors and Thunderbolt. On July 20, 2011, Apple released updated models, which also became Apple's entry-level notebooks due to lowered prices and the discontinuation of the white MacBook around the same time. The mid-2011 models were upgraded with Sandy Bridge dual-core Intel Core i5 and i7 processors, Intel HD Graphics 3000, backlit keyboards, Thunderbolt, and Bluetooth was upgraded to v4.0. Maximum storage options were increased up to 256 GB. This revision also replaced the Expose (F3) key with a Mission Control key, and the Dashboard (F4) key with a Launchpad key. On June 11, 2012, Apple updated the line with Intel Ivy Bridge dual-core Core i5 and i7 processors, HD Graphics 4000, faster memory and flash storage speeds, USB 3.0, an upgraded 720p FaceTime camera, and a thinner MagSafe 2 charging port. The standard memory was upgraded to 4 GB, with a maximum configuration of 8 GB. On June 10, 2013, Apple updated the line with Haswell processors, Intel HD Graphics 5000, and 802.11ac Wi-Fi. Storage started at 128 GB SSD, with options for 256 GB and 512 GB. The Haswell considerably improved battery life from the previous generation, and the models were capable of 9 hours on the 11-inch model and 12 hours on the 13-inch model; a team of reviewers exceeded expected battery life ratings during their test. In March 2015, the models were refreshed with Broadwell processors, Intel HD Graphics 6000, Thunderbolt 2, and faster storage and memory. The 11-inch model was discontinued in October 2016. In 2017 the 13-inch model received a processor speed increase from 1.6 GHz to 1.8 GHz. The 2017 model remained available for sale after Apple launched the next generation in 2018. It was discontinued in July 2019. Before its discontinuation it was Apple's last notebook with USB Type-A ports, a non-Retina display (TN 6-bit color panel), and a backlit rear Apple logo. Retina (2018–2020) Apple released a new MacBook Air with Amber Lake processors, a 13.3-inch Retina display with a resolution of 2560×1600 pixels, Touch ID, and two combination USB-C 3.1 gen 2/Thunderbolt 3 ports plus one audio jack. The screen displays 48% more color and the bezels are 50% narrower than the previous generation, and occupies 17% less volume. Thickness was reduced to and weight to . It was available in three finishes, silver, space gray, and gold. Unlike the previous generation, this model couldn't be configured with an Intel Core i7 processor, possibly because Intel never released the i7-8510Y CPU that would have been used. In 2018 the Air was given a smaller footprint and gained a high-resolution Retina display and combination USB-C/Thunderbolt 3 ports for data and power. The base 2018 model came with 8 GB of 2133 MHz LPDDR3 RAM, 128 GB SSD, Intel Core i5 processor (1.6 GHz base clock, with Turbo up to 3.6 GHz) with Intel UHD Graphics 617. Apple released updated models in July 2019 with True Tone display technology and an updated butterfly keyboard using the same components as the 2019 MacBook Pro. A test found that the 256 GB SSD in the 2019 model has a 35% lower read speed than the 256 GB SSD in the 2018 model, though the write speed is slightly faster. Updated models were released in March 2020 with Ice Lake Intel Core i3, i5 and i7 processors, updated graphics, support for 6K output to run the Pro Display XDR and other 6k monitors, and replaced the butterfly keyboard with a Magic Keyboard design similar to that initially found in the 2019 16-inch MacBook Pro. Apple silicon In 2020, Apple shifted the MacBook Air to their new Apple-designed M1 processor (see MacBook Air with Apple silicon). M1 (2020) On November 10, 2020, Apple announced the MacBook Air with an Apple-designed M1 processor, and with the same design as the one introduced in 2018, launched alongside an updated Mac Mini and 13-inch MacBook Pro as the first Macs with Apple's new line of custom ARM-based Apple silicon processors. The device incorporates a fanless design, the first ever on any MacBook Air. It also adds support for Wi-Fi 6, USB4 / Thunderbolt 3 and Wide color (P3). The M1 MacBook Air can only run one external display, unlike the previous Intel-based model that was capable of running two 4K displays. The FaceTime camera remains 720p but Apple advertises an improved image signal processor for higher quality video. The M1 MacBook Air received widespread positive reviews, with reviewers praising the extremely fast performance and long battery life. As of May 2023, Apple sells the MacBook Air M1 starting at $999 USD. M2 (2022) On June 6, 2022, during the 2022 Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), Apple announced their second generation processor, called M2, with an improved performance versus the previous M1 processor. The first computer to receive this new chip was a radically redesigned MacBook Air. The latest MacBook Air was redesigned away from the tapered body in 2022 to match the latest MacBook Pro models, and upgraded to the M2 processor. The new model was given a larger 13.6-inch screen and brought back MagSafe, now the third iteration of Apple's magnetic laptop charger ports. A 15-inch model followed in 2023. This complete redesign features a dramatically thinner, flat design, doing away with the familiar wedge shape chassis that MacBook Air was most known for having. The new MacBook Air takes on hardware design cues from the 14" and 16" MacBook Pro notebooks released on October 26, 2021, such as a thinner, lighter, flat chassis with 20% less volume than the previous MacBook Air. Other features include MagSafe 3, which also supports fast charging up to 50% in 30 minutes with a 67W or greater power adapter, a taller 13.6" Liquid Retina display with 500 nits max brightness (25% brighter than the previous MacBook Air), a 1080p FaceTime Camera, a three-mic array with advanced beam-forming algorithms, a high-impedance headphone jack, four-speaker sound system with Spatial Audio, full height function keys, and a total of four finishes including Silver, Space Gray, Starlight (a silver-champagne color), and Midnight (a dark blue-black color). The Gold color has been discontinued and replaced by the Starlight color found with the introduction of the iPhone 13 in 2021. As of June 5, 2023, Apple sells the 13-inch MacBook Air (Flat Unibody) M2 starting at $1099 USD. On June 5, 2023, during the 2023 Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), Apple announced the new 15-inch display size option for the M2 MacBook Air lineup, with the advanced six-speaker sound system along with the major technical features such as 1080p FaceTime camera and MagSafe charging. Ordering the 15-inch MacBook Air starts on June 5, with the general availability starting on June 13. Supported operating systems macOS macOS Ventura, the current release of macOS, will work with Wi-Fi and graphics acceleration on unsupported MacBook Air computers with a compatible patch utility. Windows through Boot Camp (Intel only) Boot Camp Assistant allows Intel Macs to dual-boot Windows. Apple silicon Macs do not support Boot Camp. Timeline See also MacBook MacBook (12-inch) Notes References External links – official site Air Computer-related introductions in 2008 Products introduced in 2008 X86 Macintosh computers
右髋关节滑膜炎也有两年多了？髋关节滑膜炎常为一侧关节受累，偶有累及双侧，部分患者有外伤史或在2～3周内有上呼吸道感染或外伤病史；症状轻重不等，主要是疼痛、活动受限，严重者可出现髋关节肿胀及跛行。体格检查于髋关节前后方均可有压痛，被动活动受限，尤以内旋、外展及伸直位明显，4字试验阳性，部分患者骨盆向患侧倾斜。在很小的患儿可以表现为夜啼，仔细检查可以发现痛性跛行。髋关节滑膜炎是儿童髋关节疼痛最常见的原因，总是会让家长觉得担惊受怕，休息一段时间好转，几天后孩子又开始疼痛跛行。有些家长对此有了解，总害怕会进展为儿童股骨头坏死。髋关节滑膜炎全称为“急性髋关节一过性或自限性滑膜炎”。顾名思义，这种炎症是可以自己好转的。但是，诊断髋关节滑膜炎时一定要除外化脓性关节炎，而后者是需要紧急处理的，往往有高热、局部关节肿痛、皮肤红肿等改变，可以通过相关查血和MRI检查明确。髋关节滑膜炎有时候可能是儿童股骨头坏死、幼年型关节炎、强制性脊柱炎的的前驱症状。反复发作时需要警惕是否存在相应的刺激性病变，一般会有相应的其它表现。平均下来，每年1万个孩子会有2人发生髋关节滑膜炎，而整个儿童期(1-13岁)中100个孩子中就有3人有过髋关节滑膜炎，复发的概率大概在4％。男孩比女孩多见，4~10岁容易发生，高峰年龄为6岁。髋关节滑膜炎的病因尚不明确，有些可能继发于病毒性感冒，表现为突然性的跛行或拒绝下地活动。在除外化脓性关节炎后，让患儿卧床休息，髋关节滑膜炎的症状会自然好转。通常病程不会超过2周，大约一半的患儿在1周就完全恢复。在患儿逐渐恢复的过程中，如果患儿想站立行走时不需要过多限制，顺其自然。对于活动量较大的孩子，应该逐步恢复其正常活动。
十二直肠炎怎样治？我们生活在一个美好的时代，做什么都很方便，足不出户就可以解决很多事情，买衣服有网购，饿了有外卖，等等，这些是非常的便捷，但是人懒了，很少运动，而且很不健康，对于身体康健而言就会有很大的负担，肠胃不好，实在是太普遍了，十个人就个人肠胃不好，那么，十二脂肠炎怎样治？治疗一、局部对于直肠和肛门用生理盐水、双氧水溶液后，逐日涂抹复方碘甘油，或者肤轻松软膏等。二清除直肠内异物（1）清除异物和注入药液用手指将异物通过腹壁捏碎并向后移送，或者借助钳子，通过肛门弄碎并取出。在实施该项操纵时，应小心认真，避免直肠受到损伤。在出现严重努责时，应事先应用镇静剂后再操纵。清除异物后，向直肠内注入含有磺胺制剂的橄榄油。（2）灌肠将微温水、碳酸氢钠溶液、橄榄油或甘油灌注到直肠内。根据需要，逐日灌肠。（3）假如采用上述未能清除异物时，内服油性泻药、异缬氨酸酚酞或番泻叶。三、饮食少量多次地饲喂轻易消化的牛奶、蔬菜和肉汤、粥等。此外，作为消化整肠剂，内服由淀粉、脂酶、乳酶生和胃蛋白酶等成分等量混合。四、中药是较为安全合适的，可以根除病源，调理肠道，中药“理气舒肠方”等中药就不错。食疗紫苋菜粥紫苋菜100克，白米50克，先用水煮苋菜，取汁去滓，用汁煮米成粥，晨起做早餐服之。食用百合粥芡实、百合各60克。上两味药放入米粥内同煮成粥，主治脾虚直肠炎泄泻。石榴皮红糖茶石榴皮1-2个，红糖适量，泡水饮用。快节奏的生活，由于生活压力大，没有慢下脚步来好好享受生活，不过在每天不断的奋斗中，也要学会劳逸结合，享受生活的乐趣，健康才是一切的资本。
乔治·波利亚（，，常缩写作G. Pólya；），匈牙利原语名波尧·哲尔吉（，），是一名匈牙利裔美国数学家和数学教育家。波利亚生于匈牙利布达佩斯，1940年移居美国，历任布朗大学和斯坦福大学教授。他在大量的数学范畴工作，包括级数、数论、组合数学和机率；他在1937年提出的波利亚计数定理，是组合数学的重要工具。同时，他长期从事数学教育，对数学思维的普遍规律有深入的研究。著作有关解题的著作：《怎样解题》（How to Solve It）《数学与猜想》（Mathematics and plausible reasoning）《数学发现》（Mathematical discovery）其他：《数学分析中的问题和定理》（Problems and theorems in analysis）《复变函数》（Complex variables，与Gordon Latta合写）参考资料外部链接一生的数学解题者──波里亚匈牙利数学家组合学家罗兰大学校友匈牙利犹太裔美国人
激素原（）是由一起合成的肽类激素组成的激素的固定前体，由于其表达抑制结构，其本身具有最小的激素效应，通常是通过蛋白质折叠和将额外的肽链结合到某些末端而产生的，这使得激素受体结合位于其肽激素链片段上的位点不可接近。激素原可以作为失活形式的激素在血流中流动，准备好稍后通过翻译后修饰在细胞中被激活。身体自然产生激素原作为调节激素表达的一种方式，使它们成为非活性激素的最佳储存和运输单位。一旦需要表达激素原，前蛋白转化酶(Proprotein convertase)转化酶（一种蛋白质）就会裂解激素原并将其分离成一种或多种活性激素。通常在自然界中，这种裂解过程会立即发生，并且激素原会迅速转化为一组一种或多种肽类激素。如胰岛素原是胰岛素的无活性前体。日常中所说的“激素原”是指在运动界（通常是健美）中使用的用于增加合成代謝類固醇在体内中的含量而增加训练表现力的某些药物。参看前体药物参考文献激素前体蛋白
氯化钾注射液成分或处方？本品主要成份及其化学名称：氯化钾。分子式：KCl 分子量：74.55
納爾（）是位於美國阿肯色州牛頓縣的一個非建制地區。該地的面積和人口皆未知。地理納爾的座標為，而該地的平均海拔高度為691米（即2267英尺）。參考文獻 Nail Nail
D19E型“革新”柴油机车（）是越南铁路的电力传动米轨柴油机车车型之一，也是越南铁路拥有数量最多的柴油机车。越南铁路总公司现拥有80台D19E型柴油机车，分别配属于河内机务段、西贡机务段、岘港机务段、安员机务段，主要投入到河内至胡志明市的南北铁路、以及河内至海防的河海铁路运用。发展历史 2001年，为了满足越南铁路日益增长的运输需求，越南铁路联合体决定采购新型米轨柴油机车并为此展开国际招标。同年6月，中国南车集团资阳机车有限公司在招标采购中，获得了10台米轨柴油机车的订单，合同总值为736万美元，之后仅用六个多月时间就完成了机车研制工作。该型机车的设计型号为CKD7F型柴油机车，在越南铁路系统内根据其型号编制而定型为D19E型柴油机车（“D”代表柴油机车，“19”代表柴油机标定功率为1900马力，“E”代表电力传动），这款机车在越南亦被称为“革新”型柴油机车（名称取自“革新开放”政策）。机车的动力装置采用卡特彼勒3512B型电喷式柴油机，传动装置采用JF221型三相交流同步主副发电机和ZQDR-310型直流牵引电动机。首批10台机车（901～910）于2001年11月在四川资阳完成制造，同月底临时装用准轨转向架运送到昆明机车厂，并在昆明机车厂进行换装米轨转向架。2001年12月中旬至2002年1月上旬，该型机车在昆明机车厂厂线、昆河铁路、昆小支线完成了规定的各项试验，其后分批运送至中越边境的昆河铁路山腰站。2002年1月15日，10台机车经河口口岸出境及到达越南境内的老街站，并由越南铁路方面的技术人员对机车进行验收；同年1月20日，柴油机车交接仪式在老街车站举行。由于这是越南革新开放后首次批量进口大型铁路设备，因此越南政府方面对此次交接仪式十分重视，越南老街省省长裴光荣以及越南科学工业部、交通运输部、财政部、商贸部的代表出席了交接仪式。 D19E型柴油机车投入运用初期首先配属于河内机务段，担当南北铁路的旅客列车和货物列车牵引任务。2002年5月，越南铁路在南北铁路进行了国内首次提速试验，D19E型柴油机车表现出良好的牵引性能和曲线通过性能，河内至胡志明市的单程旅行时间从32小时缩短到30小时。同年，越南铁路联合体再次展开第二轮招标，采购第二批10台米轨柴油机车，这笔订单同样由南车资阳机车公司夺得，并于同年12月将第二批机车（911～920）交付越南铁路。2003年，由于越南铁路对该型机车的表现颇为满意，越南铁路决定直接从南车资阳机车公司采购第三批20台机车，合同总值为1440万美元，这批机车（921～940）于2004年8月完成交付。 2005年，有鉴于前期40台机车在越南铁路的良好表现，越南铁路总公司启动了“CKD7F机车国内组装、制造机车”项目。2006年5月19日，越南铁路总公司与南车资阳机车公司在河内签订《资阳机车有限公司向越南出口20台CKD7F型内燃机车整机及技术出口合同》，资阳机车公司向越南出口1台CKD7F型米轨柴油机车、4台机车的分体总成、以及15套用于组装15台机车的部件和配件，并向越南的嘉林铁路车辆公司输出机车组装技术。2007年2月，首5台合作生产的D19E型柴油机车在嘉林铁路车辆公司落成。这批在越南组装的D19E型柴油机车（941～960），其车体涂装和车体外形与前三批由中国制造的机车有明显分别。2011年至2012年间，嘉林铁路车辆公司又生产了第五批20台D19E型柴油机车（961～980）。技术特点总体布置 D19E型柴油机车的干线客货运两用的电力传动米轨柴油机车，采用内走廊布置的桁架式侧墙承载结构车体，机车从前到后分别为第一司机室、电气室、动力室、冷却室、第二司机室。两端司机室具有同样操纵功能，内设有司机操纵台、信息控制设备和空调装置等。电气室内设有微机控制装置、主硅整流柜、电阻制动控制柜、信号设备安装柜，并安装了辅助传动机构的启动变速箱。动力室安装了一套柴油发电机组，以及空气滤清器、燃油输送泵、燃油滤清器、机油热交换器、膨胀水箱、车体通风机等辅助设备。冷却室下部设有牵引电动机通风机、两组空气压缩机、静液压系统油箱和热交换器，上部设有V型涡流铜散热器和静液压马达驱动的冷却风扇。机车下部设有两台三轴转向架，燃油箱及蓄电池组吊挂在主车架中部下方。柴油机 D19E型柴油机车装用一台美国卡特彼勒公司的3512B型柴油机，这是一款四冲程、12气缸、电喷式的V型高速柴油机，气缸内径为170毫米，活塞冲程为190毫米；在UIC标定条件下，标定转速为每分钟1800转时的额定功率为1,950马力（1,455千瓦）；柴油机装车功率为1,800马力（1,340千瓦）。传动系统主传动系统使用交—直流电传动装置，柴油机通过弹性联轴节直接驱动一台JF221型同步主副发电机组，牵引主发电机发出的三相交流电经ZGG02型整流器整流为直流电后，向六台并联连接的ZQDR-310型直流牵引电动机供电。ZGG02型整流器采用双三相桥式整流电路，每一整流桥臂只有一个大功率整流二极管，两组整流桥可分别对两台转向架供电。ZQDR-310直流牵引电动机是一种强迫通风的四极串励牵引电动机，额定功率为310千瓦，额定电压为500伏特，额定电流为680安培。 D19E型柴油机车还具有列车供电功能，可以向旅客列车供应220/380伏特三相四线制工频交流电。列车供电用之副发电机与牵引主发电机在同一壳体内同轴安装，主发电机的额定容量为1400千伏安，而副发电机的额定容量为295千伏安。当机车使用列车供电功能时，为了使供电电压和频率保持稳定，通过微机控制系统使柴油机恒定在每分钟1500转的转速下工作，最大供电功率为250千瓦。当机车无需向列车供电时 , 通过微机控制系统使柴油机在每分钟600～1800转的转速范围工作 , 以充分利用柴油机的功率。机车所使用的微机控制系统由武汉正远电器公司研制，具有柴油机调速控制、柴油机恒功率控制、电阻制动控制、辅助发电机励磁控制、防空转防滑行保护等功能。转向架机车走行部为两台可互换的轻量化三轴转向架。转向架构架是由钢板焊接而成的箱型结构，轴箱采用无导框的轴箱拉杆定位结构。一系悬挂为轴箱两侧的双圈螺旋弹簧配橡胶减震垫，轴箱和构架之间装有一系垂向油压减震器；二系悬挂为转向架构架上的四点支承式橡胶堆旁承，车体和构架之间装有二系垂向油压减震器；牵引力和制动力通过低位四连杆机构牵引装置传递。基础制动装置采用单侧踏面制动，每个转向架均装有六个独立的单元制动器。牵引电动机采用轴悬式驱动方式，输出的扭矩通过一级减速齿轮传递给轮对。重大事故 2013年7月11日约下午5时15分，D19E-909号机车牵引由河内开往海防的LP5次旅客列车，当列车运行至接近河海铁路前中站时，与一辆穿越平交道口的集装箱半挂车相撞，导致机车和机后三节车厢脱轨颠覆，被列车撞开的集装箱半挂车横卧线路两侧，事故造成铁路机车乘务员受轻伤，幸未造成人员死亡。参看越南铁路运输越南铁路D19Er型柴油机车越南铁路D20E型柴油机车参考文献外部链接南车资阳机车有限公司：CKD7F型内燃机车 D19E 中车资阳制铁路机车 Co-Co軸式機車中国出口柴油机车
陆夕云（），江苏泰州人，中国流体力学家，现任中国科学技术大学教授，长江学者特聘教授。参考资料外部链接个人主页 Xi 泰州人中国科学技术大学校友中國科學技術大學教授长江学者特聘教授中国科学院数学物理学部院士流体力学家
烏斯特县（）是美國馬里蘭州東部的一個縣，北鄰特拉華州，是該州唯一面對大西洋的縣。面積1,799平方公里。根據美國2000年人口普查，共有人口46,543人。縣治斯諾希爾 (Snow Hill)。成立於1742年。縣名紀念烏斯特伯爵。 W
肾衰竭可以结婚吗？肾衰竭是各种慢性肾脏疾病发展到后期引起的肾功能部分或者全部丧失的一种病理状态。肾衰竭可分为急性肾衰竭及慢性肾衰竭，急性肾衰竭的病情进展快速，通常是因肾脏血流供应不足（如外伤或烧伤）、肾脏因某种因素阻塞造成功能受损或是受到毒物的伤害，引起急性肾衰竭的产生。那么，肾衰竭可以结婚吗？看看下面闻直接上。对于肾衰竭早期可以结婚生孩子的，但是肾衰竭的早期需要尽快检查和治疗，引起的原因有很多，最常见的是慢性肾炎，肾功能不全，肾积水，所以对身体是有一定影响的。需要去医院做详细检查，明确引起肾衰竭的主要原因，然后针对原发病积极的治疗，避免疾病的加重，有利于疾病的控制。一般这种肾病综合症多表现为血尿高血压的一种情况是比较多见的，一般这种结婚并不受到一个实质性的影响。鉴于你现在这种情况，要到专业的肾内科来检查24小时蛋白定量，这样才能做出一个明确的判断，根据不同的情况来选择药物干预的这种方式。肾功能衰竭总的治疗原则是去除病因，维持水电解质及酸碱平衡，减轻症状，改善肾功能，防止并发症发生。主要是补充液体，纠正细胞外液量和溶质成分异常。改善肾血流，防止演变为急性肾小管坏死。对肾后性，应积极消除病因，解除梗阻。无论肾前性与肾后性，均要在补液和消除梗阻的同时，维持水电解质与酸碱平衡。对肾实质性治疗原则，主要为少尿期的治疗。少尿期的治疗应该重点为调节水电解质和酸碱平衡。通过综合上的介绍想必现在大家应该知道肾衰竭可以结婚吗，虽然说肾衰竭这种疾病危害性特别严重，但是如果患者，第一时间继续治疗的话，这种疾病相应的治疗方案也比较多。不管如何在治疗的过程当中，大家必须要有治疗的信心。
The 9th edition of the annual Holland Ladies Tour was held from August 28 to September 2, 2006. The women's stage race with an UCI rating of 2.1 started in Sint-Willebrord, and ended in Heerlen. Stages 2006-08-28: Sint Willebrord — Sint Willebrord (118.5 km) 2006-08-29: Assen — Assen (122 km) 2006-08-30: Goor — Goor (127.2 km) 2006-08-31: Roden — Roden (78.3 km) 2006-08-31: Roden — Roden (23 km) 2006-09-01: Oirschot — Oirschot (123.6 km) 2006-09-02: Heerlen — Heerlen (110.4 km) Classification leadership Source Final standings General Classification Points Classification Mountains Classification Best Young Rider Classification Sprint Classification Most Aggressive Rider Classification References cyclingnews 2006 Holland Ladies Tour Holland Ladies Tour Cycling in North Brabant Cycling in Overijssel Cycling in Assen Cycling in Heerlen Cycling in Noordenveld Cycling in Rucphen Sport in Hof van Twente Sport in Oirschot
Feodor Ivanovich Chaliapin (; April 12, 1938) was a Russian opera singer. Possessing a deep and expressive bass voice, he enjoyed an important international career at major opera houses and is often credited with establishing the tradition of naturalistic acting in his chosen art form. During the first phase of his career, Chaliapin endured direct competition from three other great basses: the powerful (1869–1942), the more lyrical (1871–1948), and Dmitri Buchtoyarov (1866–1918), whose voice was intermediate between those of Sibiriakov and Kastorsky. The fact that Chaliapin is far and away the best remembered of this magnificent quartet of rival basses is a testament to the power of his personality, the acuteness of his musical interpretations, and the vividness of his performances. Spelling note He himself spelled his surname, French-style, Chaliapine in the West, and his name even appeared on early HMV 78s as Theodore Chaliapine. In English texts, his given name is most usually rendered as Feodor or Fyodor, and his surname is most usually seen as Chaliapin. However, in the Russian pronunciation the initial consonant Ш is pronounced like sh in shop, not as ch in chop, and in reference books the surname is sometimes given a strict romanization as Shalyapin. This spelling also better reflects the fact that the name is pronounced with three syllables (Sha-LYA-pin), not four. Early life Feodor Chaliapin was born into a peasant family on February 1 (OS), 1873 in Kazan, in the wing of merchant Lisitzin's house on Rybnoryadskaya Street (now Pushkin Street) 10. This wing no longer exists, but the house with the yard where the wing was situated is still there. The next day, Candlemas (The Meeting of Our Lord), he was baptized in Epiphany (Bogoyavlenskaya) Church on Bolshaya Prolomnaya street (now Bauman Street). His godparents were his neighbors: the shoemaker Nikolay Tonkov and Ludmila Kharitonova, a 12-year-old girl. The dwelling was expensive for his father, Ivan Yakovlevich, who served as a clerk in the Zemskaya Uprava (Zemstvo District Council), and in 1878 the Chaliapin family moved to the village of Ametyevo (also Ometyevo, or the Ometyev settlements, now a settlement within Kazan) behind the area of Sukonnaya Sloboda, and settled in a small house. Early career His vocal teacher was Dmitri Usatov (1847-1913). Chaliapin began his career at Tbilisi and at the Imperial Opera in Saint Petersburg in 1894. He was then invited to sing at the Mamontov Private Opera (1896–1899); he first appeared there as Mephistopheles in Gounod's Faust, in which role he achieved considerable success. At Mamontov Chaliapin met Sergei Rachmaninoff (1873-1943), who was serving as an assistant conductor there and with whom he remained friends for life. Rachmaninoff taught him much about musicianship, including how to analyze a music score, and insisted that Chaliapin learn not only his own roles but also all the other roles in the operas in which he was scheduled to appear. With Rachmaninoff he learned the title role of Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov, which became his signature character. Chaliapin returned the favor by showing Rachmaninoff how he built each of his interpretations around a culminating moment or "point". Regardless of where that point was or at which dynamic within that piece, the performer had to know how to approach it with absolute calculation and precision; otherwise, the whole construction of the piece could crumble and the piece could become disjointed. Rachmaninoff put this approach to considerable use when he became a full-time concert-pianist after World War I. On the strength of his Mamontov appearances, the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow engaged Chaliapin, and he appeared there regularly from 1899 until 1914. During the First World War of 1914-1918 Chaliapin also appeared regularly at the Zimin Private Opera in Moscow. In addition, from 1901, Chaliapin began touring in the West, making a sensational debut at La Scala that year as the devil in a production of Boito's Mefistofele, under the baton of one of the 20th century's most dynamic opera conductors, Arturo Toscanini. At the end of his career, Toscanini observed that the Russian bass was the greatest operatic talent with whom he had ever worked. The singer's Metropolitan Opera debut in the 1907 season was disappointing due to the unprecedented frankness of his stage acting; but he returned to the Met in 1921 and sang there with immense success for eight seasons, New York's audiences having grown more broad-minded since 1907. In 1913 Chaliapin was introduced to London and Paris by the brilliant entrepreneur Sergei Diaghilev (1872-1929), at which point he began giving well-received solo recitals in which he sang traditional Russian folk-songs as well as more serious fare. Such folk songs included "Along Peterskaya" (which he recorded with a British-based Russian folk-instrument orchestra) and the song which he made famous throughout the world: "The Song of the Volga Boatmen". In 1925, when he performed in New York, his piano accompanist was a young Harry Lubin (1906-1977), later to become a composer of music for the television series The Outer Limits. Later life Chaliapin toured Australia in 1926, giving a series of recitals which were highly acclaimed. Privately, Chaliapin's personal affairs were in a state of disarray as a consequence of the Russian Revolution of 1917. At first he was treated as a revered artist of the newly emerged Soviet Russia. However, the harsh realities of everyday life under the new regime, and the unstable climate which followed because of the ensuing Civil War, combined with, reportedly, the encroachment on some of his property by the Communist authorities, caused him to remain perpetually outside Russia after 1921. He still maintained, however, that he was not anti-Soviet. Chaliapin initially moved to Finland and later lived in France. Cosmopolitan Paris, with its significant Russian émigré population, became his base, and ultimately, the city of his death. He was renowned for his larger-than-life carousing during this period, but he never sacrificed his dedication to his art. Chaliapin's attachment to Paris did not prevent him from pursuing an international operatic and concert career in England, the United States, and further afield. In May 1931 he appeared in the Russian Season directed by Sir Thomas Beecham at London's Lyceum Theatre. His most famous part was the title role of Boris Godunov (excerpts of which he recorded 1929–31 and earlier). He is remembered also for his interpretations of Ivan the Terrible in Rimsky-Korsakov's The Maid of Pskov and Salieri in Mozart and Salieri, Mephistopheles in Gounod's Faust, Don Quixote in Massenet's Don Quichotte, and King Philip in Verdi's Don Carlos. Largely owing to his advocacy, Russian operas such as Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov and Khovanshchina, Glinka's Ivan Susanin, Borodin's Prince Igor and Rimsky-Korsakov's The Tsar's Bride and Sadko, became well known in the West. Chaliapin made one sound film for the director G. W. Pabst, the 1933 Don Quixote. The film was made in three different versions – French, English, and German, as was sometimes the prevailing custom. Chaliapin starred in all three versions, each of which used the same script, sets, and costumes, but different supporting casts. The English and the French versions are the most often seen, and both were released in May 2006 on a DVD. Pabst's film was not a version of the Massenet opera but a dramatic adaptation of Miguel de Cervantes' novel, with music and songs by Jacques Ibert. In 1932, Chaliapin published a memoir, Man and Mask: Forty Years in the Life of a Singer. While touring Japan in 1936 he was suffering from a toothache, and a hotel chef devised a way to cook a steak to be extra tender for him. This dish is known in Japan as a to this day. Chaliapin's last stage performance took place at the Monte Carlo Opera in 1937, as Boris. He died the following year of leukemia, aged 65, in Paris, where he was interred. In 1984, his remains were transferred from Paris to Moscow in an elaborate ceremony. They were re-buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery. Personal life Chaliapin was married twice. He met his first wife, Italian ballerina Iola Tornaghi (1873–1965), in Nizhny Novgorod. They married in Russia in 1898 and had six children: Igor, Boris (1904–1979), Irina, Lidia and twins Feodor Jr. (1905–1992) and Taniya. Igor died aged four. Feodor Jr. was a character actor featured in Western motion pictures including Moonstruck and The Name of the Rose opposite Sean Connery. Boris was a well-known graphical artist, who painted the portraits used on 414 covers of the Time magazine between 1942 and 1970. While married to Tornaghi, Chaliapin lived with Marina Petsold (1882–1964), a widow who already had two children from her first marriage. She had three daughters with Chaliapin: Marfa (1910–2003), (1912–2009), and Dasya (1921–1977). Chaliapin's two families lived separately, one in Moscow and the other in Saint Petersburg, and did not interact. Chaliapin married Petsold in 1927 in Paris. Chaliapin had his portrait painted a number of times by the Russian artist Konstantin Korovin. They had been introduced to each other in 1896 and became close friends. Gallery Honours and awards 1902 – Order of the Golden Star of Bukhara, 3rd class 1907 – Golden Cross of the Prussian eagle 1908 – Commander of the officer's rank 1910 – Soloist of His Majesty (Russia) 1912 – Soloist of His Majesty the King of Italy 1914 – British award for special achievements in the arts 1914 – Order of St. Stanislaus, 3rd class (Russia) 1916 – The title of the officer 1918 – People's Artist of the Republic (The Soviet government withdrew the title in 1927) 1934 – Commander of the Legion of Honour (France) Autobiographical works Chaliapin's autobiographical collaboration with Maxim Gorky occurred in 1917. He had already begun writing his autobiography long before, in the Crimea. In 1917, while he was in the south of France, he was urged to write such a work by a French journalist who hoped to ghost-write it. Gorky, who was his intimate friend and was then living in Capri, persuaded Chaliapin to stay with him there and with the help of a secretary a great deal of information was taken down which Gorky fashioned into a long manuscript, published in Russia in 1917 as a series of articles in the journal Letopis. Meanwhile, Chaliapin attempted to sell it to an American publisher, who refused it on learning that it had been published in Russian. There was a rift with Gorky, and Chaliapin worked with another editor to produce a 'new' version of his original text. The new book, published in America as Pages of My Life (Harper and Brothers, New York 1927), took the story only up to 1905, and lacked the depth, style and life of Gorky's version. Then, in 1932, Chaliapin published Man and Mask (Alfred A. Knopf, New York) to celebrate the fortieth anniversary of his first stage appearance. The original manuscript of the Gorky version was first translated and published in English in 1967, by Nina Froud and James Hanley, as Chaliapin: An autobiography as told to Maxim Gorky (Stein and Day, New York), and included an appendix of original correspondence including a section relating to Gorky. Recordings Chaliapin possessed a high-lying bass voice with an unmistakable timbre which recorded clearly. He cut a prolific number of discs for His Master's Voice, beginning in Russia with acoustical recordings made at the dawn of the 20th Century, and continuing through the early electrical (microphone) era. Some of his performances at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, in London were recorded live in the 1920s, including a haunting version of the "Death of Boris" from Boris Godunov. His last disc, made in Tokyo in 1936, was of the famous The Song of the Volga Boatmen. Many of his recordings were issued in the United States by RCA Victor. His legacy of recordings is available on CDs issued by EMI, Preiser, Naxos and other commercial labels. In 2018 his complete recordings were issued on 13 CDs by Marston Records. They consist of songs as well as a range of arias from Italian, French and, Russian opera. Opinions on his art Opera commentator/historian Michael Scott avers that: "Chaliapin ranks with Caruso and Maria Callas as one of the three greatest singers and most potent and influential artists of the twentieth century." "At the Met he sang the role of Basilio in Rossini's The Barber of Seville as a vulgar, unctuous, greasy priest, constantly picking his nose and wiping his fingers onto his cassock. Audiences were appalled. Defending himself, Chaliapin said in an interview that Basilio 'is a Spanish priest. It is a type I know well. He is not the modern American priest, clean and well-groomed; he is dirty and unkempt, he is a beast, and this is what I make him, a comic beast.' " (Harold C. Schonberg) Some accused Chaliapin of brawling backstage. Rachmaninoff agreed. "Feodor is a brawler. They are all scared of his very spirit. He shouts suddenly or even hits someone! And Feodor's fist is powerful ... He can take care of himself. And how else should one behave? Backstage at our own theater it's just like a saloon. They shout, they drink, they swear in the foulest language." In a letter from November 1910 to the editor of Utro Rossii, the publication which supposedly quoted the above remarks and which attributes them to Rachmaninoff, the composer categorically denies the quotation and wrote "The article publishes without my knowledge words of mine about the Bolshoi Theater and Chaliapin...I said that we often have regrettable confusion backstage at the Bolshoi Theater...I also said that I had heard rumors that since Chaliapin had been appointed régisseur of those operas in which he sings, there is more quiet backstage. That is all I said... S. Rachmaninoff". Met diva Geraldine Farrar said Chaliapin had a voice like "melodious thunder" but warned of his unannounced antics to hog the limelight onstage. "Chaliapin was a wonderful opera partner, but one had to be watchful for sudden departures from the rehearsal plan, and the touches of originality favorable only for the aggrandizement of Chaliapin." Dale Carnegie, referencing a story by impresario Sol Hurok, says that Chaliapin was often temperamental, even acting like a “spoiled child.” On hearing the concert basso's complaint that his throat was raw and that he would not be able to sing at a scheduled performance at the Metropolitan Opera, Hurok agreed immediately to cancel the engagement, commenting: “It will only cost you a couple of thousand dollars, but that is nothing in comparison to your reputation.” Chaliapin left open the possibility that he might nevertheless perform if he felt better later, and Hurok dutifully checked on him twice before the concert time. Finally he agreed to perform, provided that Hurok would announce to the audience that Chaliapin “had a very bad cold and was not in good voice.” Carnegie comments approvingly: “Mr. Hurok would lie and say he would do it, for he knew that was the only way to get the basso out on the stage.” References Notes Bibliography External links Tatar Museums (in English) Chalyapin and Kazan Kazan: Kultura Theodore Chaliapine includes two recordings Theodore Chaliapine ten recordings Chaliapine – six photographs in character Another biography of Fyodor Shalyapin Memorial house of F. I. Shalyapin, Moscow , many pictures, five recordings History of the Tenor – Sound Clip and Narration – (Doppelgänger Шуберта в исполнении на русском языке) Chaliapine discography on Russian-Records.com 1873 births 1938 deaths 20th-century Russian male opera singers Musicians from Kazan People from Kazansky Uyezd Opera singers from the Russian Empire Operatic basses Russian opera singers Victor Records artists White Russian emigrants to Finland White Russian emigrants to France Commanders of the Legion of Honour Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery
8701是美國R&B歌手亞瑟小子的第三張錄音室專輯，於2001年7月1日由Arista Records首次發行。原先打算在2000年10月31日以All About U為標題發行，但隨著一些曲目流出到線上音樂商店Napster的而多次延遲。亞瑟於是錄製新的曲目並以8701為標題發行專輯，名稱源自他1987年在一間他地方的教堂第一次演唱，而本專輯發行於2001年。背景亞瑟最初計畫在2000年10月31日以All About U為名稱發行他的第三張錄音室專輯，該專輯繼承了他當時已成功銷售七百萬張的1997年專輯My Way。2000年3月13日許多該專輯的曲目在發行前數個月流出到線上音樂商店Napster，包含了「T.T.P.」、「U R the One」和「Pop Ya Collar」。專輯接續這起事件在2000年12月5日到2001年7月17日延遲了兩次。錄製MTV Icon珍娜·傑克森特集的過程中，亞瑟解釋他回到工作室錄新曲子，言「我不想要那成為我的錄音被記得的方式或我將它呈現給粉絲的方式[...]這結果會好很多」並同時補充能夠在網站下載的曲目不會收錄進新專輯。有了製作完的新曲目，亞瑟的公關宣佈該專輯的新名字，以8701為標題，並聲稱這是「實際的新專輯」。新名稱的由來最初並不清楚，有推測言是因為事件在2001年8月7日美國發行後平息，然而亞瑟的公關宣稱這純粹是巧合而且並非如此想出標題。亞瑟暗示這源自一件對他有重要意義的事，他會在接下來的幾個月揭露。最後，他的發言人表露標題的「87」是指1987年亞瑟第一次公開在他一間於亞特蘭大的教堂演唱，而「01」指2001年。錄製 8701在美國的洛杉磯、明尼亞波利斯和紐約等城市錄製。專輯的製作由數個製作人經手，包含了、傑梅因·杜普里和尚恩·庫姆斯—在亞瑟的前張專輯製作了大部分—娃娃臉、、、、和。Jam和Lewis在2000年MTV音樂錄影帶大獎期間受託亞瑟的母親以及經理貢獻專輯製作，據Jam表示，他母親在之前曾說「我的老天，亞瑟錄了曲子而我們想你們會是製作它的完美人選。」曲目表星號代表聯合製作原文引註文獻 2001年音樂專輯
亞歷山大·德拉戈維奇（；）是一位奧地利足球運動員。在場上的位置是後衛。現效力於塞爾維亞足球超級聯賽球隊貝爾格勒紅星。他也代表奧地利國家足球隊參賽。國家隊生涯 2021年，亞歷山大·德拉戈維奇被選入奥地利隊2020年歐洲國家盃大名單。參考資料外部連結 Aleksandar Dragović player info at the official Austria Wien website 奥地利男子足球运动员奧地利維也納球員巴素利球員基辅迪纳摩球员利華古遜球員李斯特城球員奧地利國家足球隊球員奧超球員瑞士超聯球員烏超球員德甲球員英超球員瑞士外籍足球運動員烏克蘭外籍足球運動員德國外籍足球運動員英格蘭外籍足球運動員 2016年歐洲國家盃球員
男性前列腺增生的危害？前列腺是男性特有的一种器官，对男性来说是至关重要的，一旦受到损害会引起前列腺增生、前列腺炎、前列腺钙化，影响男性的生活、性功能和生殖的能力。前列腺增生会引起哪些并发症？1、疝气和痔疮大部分前列腺增生患者会出现排尿困难的情况，排尿时必须要用力，因为长时间的用力，肠子就会从腹部最薄弱的地方慢慢的凸出来，最终形成了疝气。2、膀胱结石中老年男性患上了膀胱结石和前列腺增生是息息相关的，尿路通畅的情况下膀胱里面一般不会长出小石头，即使有小石头也会从输尿管里面掉到了膀胱且随着尿液排出体外。3因为前列腺增生直接压迫到了尿道膀胱，须要用力的来收缩才能够防止尿液排出体外，时间长了，久而久之就会让膀胱的肌肉变得更加的肥厚。前列腺增生，通常被称作良性前列腺增生是中老年男性通常见的疾病之一，随全球人口老龄化发病逐渐增多。前列腺增生对人体危害很大，前列腺增生会影响排尿进而影响睡眠质量，对病人生活产生重大影响；影响正常的社交；不敢出远门甚至影响性功能，严重情况下会长结石。前列腺增生怎么预防一：经常的保持阴部的清洁，男性的阴囊伸缩性大，分泌汗液较多，加之阴部通风差，容易藏污纳垢，局部细菌常会乘虚而入。容易造成前列腺增生。若不及时注意还会发生危险。所以，坚持清洗会阴部是预防前列腺增生的一个重要环节。二：饮食应多吃清淡易消化（消化食品）的食物，多吃蔬菜（蔬菜食品），防止大便秘（便秘食品）结，因大便干燥可加重排尿困难。
上床，可能指：睡眠、睡覺，在床上就寢床戏、行房的俚稱性交日本鹿兒島縣霧島市上床公園
In art, in particular drawings in pastels, charcoal, chalk, and other dry media, a fixative is a kind of preserving agent applied over the top of the drawing to prevent crumbling, smudging, fading, and discolouring. In times gone by, natural substances such as diluted egg white were painted on, but today synthetic sprays are usually used. However some artists, such as the Aboriginal Australian artists at Warmun, Western Australia, use traditional substances, in this case gum gathered from local bloodwood trees. Fixative is similar to varnish, but there are some key differences. Varnish is often used to protect paintings from atmospheric moisture, sunlight and dust; it helps to protect from being scratched, and makes the colours brighter. Fixatives prevents smearing. Fixatives are usually made from casein, synthetic resin and glue. References Drawing Visual arts materials
François Paul de Neufville de Villeroy (1677–1731) was archbishop of Lyon from 15 August 1714 to 6 February 1731. He was a member of the Neufville de Villeroy family. 1677 births 1731 deaths Archbishops of Lyon 18th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in France 18th century in Lyon
American Base Hospital No. 238 was an American military hospital formed in Rimaucourt, Department Haute Marne, France. This was the last hospital to be created during the First World War. History At this hospital were the United States Army Nurse Corps (ANC). From the start of the war till its bloody finish late 1918 the ANC expanded from 403 nurses to 22,000. The hospital took its personnel from Base Hospitals Nos. 52, 58, 59, and 64. Nine days after the November 11, 1918 cease-fire this base was set up as a special hospital for eye, ear, nose, and throat, skin and genitourinary diseases, and contained the central laboratory and morgue. It was the fifth base hospital to join the Rimaucourt hospital center, where it occupied a type A, 1,000-bed hospital. Since it was created so late in the war effort the hospital was only opened for less than three months and during that time cared for 802 patients, closing its doors on January 26, 1919. It disbanded at Rimaucourt on February 15, 1919, "and Base Hospital No. 238, the last base hospital to be organized in the World War, ceased to exist." Personnel Commanding Officers Lieut. Col. William E. Butler, M. C., November 18, 1918, to January 18, 1919. Chief of surgical service Capt. N. Worth Brown, M. C. Chief of medical service Maj. John J. Madigan, M. C. See also American Hospital of Paris References (Total pages: 244) Hospitals disestablished in 1919 Hospitals established in 1918 1918 establishments in France Military hospitals in France Defunct hospitals in France Closed medical facilities of the United States Army
怀孕半个月用测孕纸能准确测出来吗？如果说怀孕有半个月了，那这个时间使用早孕试纸来进行检测一般还是可以检测出来的。正常情况下，如果你在同一个房间里怀孕两周，你可以用早孕试纸检测出来。怀孕最明显的表现是月经推迟。如果月经推迟一周，可以做进一步的检查。否则，月经过早可能导致不准确的检查结果。早孕试纸可以检测出月经延迟7-10天，两条红线就是怀孕。早孕试纸通常在同性发生后14天以上进行检查。如果怀孕了，可能是阳性的。因此，如果怀孕半个月，通常是可以检测到的。建议血液取样检查更加准确。如果排卵周期相同并且没有避孕方法，就有可能怀孕。现在时间不长了，你可以好好休息，吃点有营养的食物。你可以推迟几天月经，然后做早孕试纸测试。如果更准确的话，你可以在同一时间后14天内进行早孕试纸的检测，也可以在同一时间后10天内进行验血。如果月经正常，排卵期间有公共空间，怀孕的可能性仍然很高。如果你使用妊娠试纸，你需要将下次月经推迟一周才能进行测试。否则，过早参加考试是没有意义的。如果你想知道你是否提前怀孕，十天之后你可以去医院验血。这是最准确和最早的方法。受精卵在女性发生性行为后6-8天形成，然后胎盘滋养层将绒毛膜促性腺激素释放到血液和尿液中。一般来说，月经推迟后就可以用早孕试纸检测出是否会怀孕的，当然最好是用第二天的晨尿检测。女性只能在彼此发生性行为两周后使用早孕试纸来检测怀孕情况。只要使用方法正确或相对准确，晨尿浓度就高，检测结果也相对准确。建议你在同一个房间住十天后去医院检查血液hcg，确认是不是怀孕了。
Paul Michael Davies is an Australian television script writer, novelist and playwright, who has worked on a number of Crawford television series. He has written several plays for the TheatreWorks theatre company, a leader in staging situation theatre. Television work Paul Michael Davies was born in Murwillumbah, New South Wales in 1949. He took his BA with Honours from the University of Queensland and his MA in 1973. He began tutoring at James Cook University before taking a script writing role at Crawford Television Productions in Melbourne, Australia in 1974. He was a script editor and writer on the police television series, Homicide (1974-1975), before moving to work on the Crawford series The Box (1975-1976) and The Sullivans (1976-1978). He also contributed to scripts for Against the Wind (1978), Skyways (1979), Rafferty's Rules (1985), Blue Heelers (1997), Pacific Drive (1996), Stingers (1998-2003), Something in the Air (1999-2001 and Headland (2005). Film work Davies moved into film and theatre work, working as a writer, actor and director. He co-wrote and directed the documentary drama film Exits (1980) which was taught on the history syllabus of selected high schools. He co wrote Niel Lynne (1985) with David Baker. He wrote and performed in four John Hughes short or documentary films - November Eleven (1979), Traps (1985), All That Is Solid (1988), and One Way Street (1990). He has also co-written Red Ted and the Great Depression (1994) and Holy Rollers (2000), Theatre work Davies became a founding member, writer and performer of the TheatreWorks ensemble in Melbourne. He wrote several “location theatre” plays for TheatreWorks - Storming Mont Albert by Tram (1982) which was performed on trams in Melbourne, Adelaide and around the world for a number of years with great success. He also wrote Breaking Up in Balwyn (1983) which was staged on a riverboat, Living Rooms (1986), which was staged in an historic mansion and Full House/No Vacancies (1989) which was staged in a boarding house. On Shifting Sandshoes was staged in 1988. He published his first novel, 33 Postcards from Heaven in 2004. Davies has taught film and scriptwriting at a number of Australian universities and has been published in drama and industry journals and magazines. He completed his PhD at the University of Queensland in 2013 with a thesis entitled Really Moving Drama, a study of TheatreWorks’ ‘location plays’. 49 boxes of his papers, scripts and other materials are held in the University of Queensland Fryer Library. Awards Exits (1980) – nominated for a Greater Union Award at the Sydney Film Festival Something in the Air - Return of the Prodigal (episode) – Australian Writers Guild Award (2000) Storming Mont Albert by Tram – Australian Writer's Guild Award (1988) On Shifting Sands (1988) – Australian Writer's Guild Award References 1949 births Living people Australian dramatists and playwrights Australian television writers Australian male novelists 20th-century Australian novelists 21st-century Australian novelists Australian male television writers
is a mascot for Sanwa Bank designed by Osamu Tezuka. It was later turned into a manga series by Tezuka and an anime series from 1973. The hero of Wansa-kun was Wansa, a puppy who is sold for a pittance, then escapes, and spends much of the rest of the series looking for his mother. Tezuka never completed the manga version of the series. In 1973 an animated series based on the manga was made, produced by Yoshinobu Nishizaki and broadcast by Kansai Telecasting Corporation. As with the earlier Triton of the Sea, Tezuka had little-to-no involvement in this series and Wansa-kun ultimately ended up being the last series produced by the original Mushi Production before its bankruptcy. The anime series lasted 26 episodes. The first 21 episodes were very comedic in nature, but the final five episodes took a more dramatic turn, when Wansa began his search for his mother. Unlike the manga version, which was never completed, he succeeded in the final episode of the anime series. After the series finished production, Nishizaki and many of his production team on this series went to work on Space Battleship Yamato. In 2016 between 18th till 28 August Osamu Tezuka's "Little Wansa" stage play adaptation was announced. Cast Noriko Ohara as Wansa Ichirô Nagai as Megane Jouji Yanami as Lupin Kaneta Kimotsuki as Gamble Kei Tomiyama as Kuma Masako Nozawa as Kouta References External links 1971 manga 1973 anime television series debuts Fuji TV original programming Osamu Tezuka anime Osamu Tezuka characters Osamu Tezuka manga Dog mascots Television mascots Child characters in television Child characters in advertising Mascots introduced in 1971
肛门痒痛是什么病啊？发现自己的肛门又痒又痛，可能是出现了肛门脱垂、痔疮或者身体上火等疾病导致的，也有可能是出现了寄生虫或者病菌感染引发的。必须到正规的肛肠科接受检查，并且在医生的指导下选择合适的药物进行治疗，也可以考虑进行手术治疗，应当注意保持肛门清洁。肛门又痒又痛这种疾病在人们的生活中是一种多发疾病，引发肛门疼痛的因素有很多，比如出现了病菌感染，常见的病菌有尖锐湿疣或者霉菌感染。人们可以考虑到医院进行组织检查，确定病菌的种类之后，可以使用一些杀菌的洗液，对自己的肛门进行清洗。有的人肛门又痒又痛，可能是因为出现肛门湿疹、痔疮或者直肠脱垂等因素导致的。需要到医院进行直肠检查，可以考虑通过手术治疗的方式，让直肠恢复到正常的位置。如果出现了湿疹，可以使用一些除湿的中药进行调理，并且可以适当的服用一些止痛药物来缓解身体的疼痛感。一般而言肛门又痒又痛这种疾病不是很严重，只要人们坚持治疗，是能够恢复健康的。可以使用一些药物进行调理，并且要注意保持肛门的清洁卫生，应该穿宽松透气和干净的内裤，每天可以使用清水对自己的肛门进行清洗，最好不要用手去抓挠自己的肛门，避免引发破损。发现自己的肛门又痒又痛，很多因素会导致该疾病的产生，比如出现了一些病菌感染，出现了痔疮疾病或者有的人出现了寄生虫病。可以寻求医生帮助，使用一些药物进行调理，并且在治疗疾病期间应当注意保持肛门清洁和补充身体营养，有利于肛门恢复。平时注意不要吃辛辣的食物。
白居易（），字樂天，晚號香山居士、醉吟先生，在詩界有廣大教化主的稱號。祖籍山西太原，生于華州下邽（今陝西省渭南市），唐代文學家，文章精切，特別擅長寫詩，是中唐最具代表性的詩人之一。作品平易近人、通俗易懂，乃至於有「老嫗能解」的說法。白居易早年積極從事政治改革，關懷民生，倡導新樂府運動，主張詩歌創作不能離開現實，須取材於現實事件，反映時代的狀況，所謂「文章合為時而著，歌詩合為事而作」，是繼杜甫之後實際派文學的重要領袖人物之一。他晚年雖仍不改關懷民生之心，卻因政治上的不得志，而多時放意詩酒，作《醉吟先生傳》以自況。白居易與元稹齊名，號「元白」，元白兩人是文學革新運動的伙伴，分別作有《元氏長慶集》與《白氏長慶集》，稱為長慶體，又稱元和體。晚年白居易又與劉禹錫唱和甚多，人稱為「劉白」。白居易因努力寫詩，曾自述或許有人認為他是「詩王」或「詩魔」唐宣宗曾褒白居易為「詩仙」，故人稱「敕封詩仙」，而李白是後世才由民間从「謫仙人」轉尊為「詩仙」。白居易的作品，在作者在世時就已廣為流傳於社會各地各階層，乃至外國，如朝鮮半島、日本等地，產生很大的影響。重要的詩歌有《長恨歌》、《琵琶行》、《秦中吟》、新樂府、《問劉十九》等，重要的文章有《與元九書》等。其中《慈烏夜啼》和《燕詩》即表現他為人孝順。家世據史籍記載，白居易祖籍山西太原自述白起之後，白起24世孫白邕，任北魏太原太守，白邕5世孫白建，北齊五兵尚書，因功賜田韓城（今陝西渭南），白建曾孫白温，任唐朝檢校都官郎中，遷華州下邽（今陕西省渭南市临渭区下邽镇），白温第六子白鍠，任鞏縣令，居郑州，生五子，各以其官散居四方。白鍠长子白季庚，任襄州别驾，生四子，次子就是白居易。白居易生于河南新郑。部分近代學者認為白居易可能是胡人的後裔，一说龟兹王族後裔，然而也有反對意見。白居易的祖父白鍠，曾任酸棗、鞏縣縣令。父親白季庚，唐德宗建中年間任彭城令，對抗李正己的叛變有功，授朝散大夫、大理少卿、徐州別駕等官職，並賜緋魚袋，兼徐泗觀察判官。後來歷任衢州、襄州別駕。白居易的外祖母也是白氏出身，因此白居易的母親陳氏，與白家之間本有血親關係。六世祖：白建，北齐五兵尚书。五世祖：白士通，唐利州都督。高祖：白志善，尚衣奉御。曾祖：白温，检校都官郎中。祖父：白鍠，延安令。父亲：白季庚，大理少卿、襄州別驾。母亲：颍川陈氏。生居易、行简。生平白居易772年（唐代宗大曆七年）生於河南新郑，後因戰亂等因素，遷徙於越中、衢州、符離、襄陽、洛陽、長安等地。青年时期家境贫困，对社会生活和百姓疾苦有较多接触和了解。787年（貞元二年），白居易至長安，拜訪當時的名士顧況。顧況見到白居易的姓名時，曾調侃地說「米價方貴，居亦弗易。」及至看到他的詩篇，才感嘆道：「道得箇語，居即易矣。」 799年（貞元十四年），白居易開始投入科考。800年（貞元十五年）進士及第，隨後回家鄉探望親戚。802年（貞元十七年）試书判拔萃科及第，與同時及第的元稹訂交，成為終身的好友。803年（貞元十八年）授秘書省校書郎，定居於長安。作品例舉：《賦得古原草送別》、《百道判》。長安與早年的仕宦生活 806年（元和元年），白居易罷校書郎。同年四月試才識兼茂明於體用科，及第，授盩庢（今周至縣）尉。807年（元和二年），任進士考官、集賢校理，授翰林學士。808年（元和三年）任左拾遺，迎娶楊汝士之妹(即楊虞卿從妹)為妻。810年（元和五年）改任京兆府戶部參軍，811年（元和六年）母親陳氏去世，離職丁憂，歸下邽。814年（元和九年）回長安，授太子左贊善大夫。任左拾遺時，白居易以為直言敢諫就是好官，故頻繁上書言事，並寫大量的反應社會現實的詩歌補察時政，誇張到不管朝中大小事、就算不是白居易權責所管之事也要上表參劾，多管閒事的行為讓不少朝中大臣對白居易感到不滿，乃致力於當面指出皇帝的錯誤。因他言事太過直接數量又太多，令唐憲宗感到不快而向李絳抱怨：「白居易小子，是朕拔擢致名位，而無禮於朕，朕實難奈。」李絳認為這是白居易的一片忠心，而勸諫憲宗廣開言路。作品例舉：《策林》、《長恨歌》、《秦中吟》、《新樂府》、《自吟拙什因有所懷》。江州與貶謫生涯 815年（元和十年），宰相武元衡遇刺身亡，白居易上表主張嚴緝兇手，被認為是越職言事。其後白居易又被誹謗：母親看花而墜井去世，白居易卻著有「賞花」及「新井」詩，有害名教。遂以此為理由貶為江州（今江西省九江市）司馬。818年（元和十三年）冬，被任命為忠州（今重慶市忠縣）刺史，819年（元和十四年）到任。820年（元和十五年）夏，被召回長安，任尚書司門員外郎。白居易的母親雖因看花墜井去世，然而白居易早有許多詠花之作，而依宋代的紀錄，新井詩作於元和元年（806年）左右（新井詩今已失傳），而白居易母五年後才去世，可見此事不能構成罪名。他被貶謫的主因，很可能與他寫諷諭作品而得罪當權者有關。貶謫江州是白居易一生的轉捩點：在此之前他以「兼濟」為志，希望能做對國家人民有益的貢獻；至此之後他的行事漸漸轉向「獨善其身」，雖仍有關懷人民的心，表現出的行動卻已無過去的火花了。然而白居易在江州雖不得志，大體上仍能恬然自處，曾在廬山香爐峰北建草堂，並與當地的僧人交遊。 818年（元和十三年），白居易的弟弟白行簡至江州與白居易相聚。當白居易被任命為忠州刺史時，白行簡也一同與兄長溯江而上。途中與元稹相遇於黃牛峽，三人相遊之處被稱為三遊洞。在忠州任職的時間，白居易在忠州城東的山坡上種花，並命名此地為「東坡」。作品例舉：《讀李杜詩集因題卷後》、《與元九書》、《訪陶公舊宅並序》、《編集拙詩成一十五卷因題卷末戲贈元九、李二十》、《琵琶行》、《遊大林寺序》、《草堂記》、《與微之書》、《李白墓》、《三遊洞序》、《東坡種花》。蘇杭的政績 820年（元和十五年）冬，轉任主客郎中、知制誥。821年（長慶元年），加朝散大夫，始正式著五品緋色朝服，（緋色即朱色，為五品以上官員所用的服色。）轉上柱國，又轉中書舍人。822年（長慶二年），白居易上書論當時河北的軍事，不被採用，於是請求到外地任職，7月被任命為杭州刺史，10月到任。任內有修築西湖堤防、疏浚六井等政績。824年（長慶四年）5月，任太子左庶子分司東都，秋天至洛陽，在洛陽履道里購宅。825年，被任命為蘇州刺史，5月到任。826年因病離職，後與劉禹錫相伴遊覽於揚州、楚州一帶。在杭州刺史任內，见杭州有六口古井因年久失修，便主持疏浚六井，以解決杭州人飲水問題。又见西湖淤塞农田干旱，因此修堤蓄積湖水，以利灌溉，舒緩旱災所造成的危害，並作《錢塘湖石記》，將治理湖水的政策、方式與注意事項，刻石置於湖邊，供後人知曉，對後來杭州的治理湖水有很大的影響。離任前，白居易將一筆官俸留在州庫之中作為基金，以供後來治理杭州的官員公務上的周轉，事後再補回原數。這筆基金一直運作到黃巢之亂時，當黃巢抵達杭州，文書多焚燒散失，這筆基金才不知去向。現在西湖有白堤，两岸栽种有杨柳，後世誤傳這即是白居易所修築的堤，而稱之為白公堤。事實上這道「白堤」在白居易來杭州之前已存在，當時稱為「白沙堤」，且見於白居易的詩作之中。當白居易在杭州時，元稹亦從宰相轉任浙東觀察使，浙東、杭州相去並非太遠，因而二人之間有許多往還的贈答詩篇。當白居易任滿離開杭州時，元稹要求白居易交出全部的作品，編成《白氏長慶集》五十卷。在蘇州刺史任內，白居易为了便利苏州水陆交通，开凿了一条长七里西起虎丘东至阊门的山塘河，山塘河河北修建道路，叫「七里山塘」，简称「山塘街」。作品例舉：《江樓夕望招客》、《冷泉亭記》、《錢塘湖石記》、《自到郡齋，僅經旬日，方專公務，未及宴遊。偷閒走筆題二十四韻，兼寄常州賈舍人、湖州崔郎中，仍呈吳中諸客》、《對酒吟》。洛陽與晚年生活 827年（大和元年），白居易至長安任秘書監，配紫金魚袋，換穿紫色朝服（三品以上官員所用的服色）。828年（大和二年），轉任刑部侍郎，封晉陽縣男。829年春，因病改授與太子賓客分司，回洛陽履道里。830年（大和四年）12月，任河南尹。831年（大和五年）七月元稹去世。832年（大和六年），為元稹撰寫墓誌銘，元家給白居易潤筆的六七十萬錢，白居易將全數布施於洛陽香山寺。833年（大和七年），因病免河南尹，再任太子賓客分司。835年（大和九年），被任命為同州刺史，辭不赴任，後改任命為太子少傅分司東都，封馮翊縣侯，仍留在洛陽。839年（開成四年）10月得風疾。841年（會昌元年），罷太子少傅，停俸。842年（會昌二年），以刑部尚書致仕，領取半俸。846年（會昌六年）8月去世，贈尚書右僕射。葬於龍門（今在龍門石窟之白园，對岸賓陽洞，風景獨異）。晚年的白居易大多在洛陽的履道里第度過，與劉禹錫唱和，時常遊歷於龍門一帶。作《池上篇》、《醉吟先生傳》自況。845年，白居易74歲，尚在履道里第舉行「七老會」，與會者有胡杲、吉皎、鄭據、劉真、盧貞、張渾與白居易；同年夏，以七老合僧如滿、李元爽，畫成「九老圖」。白居易晚年篤信佛教，號香山居士，為詩僧如滿之弟子。晚年白居易的生活，大多是以「閒適」的生活反應自己「窮則獨善其身」的人生哲學。而844年（會昌四年），73歲的白居易出錢開挖龍門一帶阻礙舟行的石灘，事成後作詩《開龍門八節石灘詩二首并序》留念，詩中仍反映出他「達則兼濟天下」的人生觀。作品例舉：《和微之詩二十三首序》、《池上篇并序》、《唐故武昌軍節度處置等使正議大夫檢校戶部尚書鄂州刺史兼御史大夫賜紫金魚袋贈尚書右僕射河南元公墓誌銘并序》、《修香山寺記》、《醉吟先生傳》、《不能忘情吟》、《贈夢得》、《佛光和尚真贊》、《開龍門八節石灘詩二首并序》、《白氏集後記》。子女白居易有两女一男三个亲生子女，过继其兄白幼文之子白景受。大女儿金銮子早亡，白居易为其撰写过《金銮子晬日》与《念金銮子两首》；二女儿阿羅平安长大，后嫁与谈弘谟，生有一女一男，丈夫早逝后回到父亲身边。白居易为其撰写过《吾雏》，亦为其子女写过生日庆诗《小岁日喜谈氏外孙女孩满月》与《谈氏外孙生三日喜是男偶吟成篇兼戏呈梦得》；三子白阿崔早亡，白居易有诗《阿崔》，《哭崔儿》与《初丧崔儿报微之晦叔》。养子白景受官至孟懷觀察支使，生白邦翰，司封郎中。白邦翰生白思齊，鄭州錄事參軍。文學成就白居易與元稹齊名，號「元白」，是繼杜甫之後實際派文學的重要領袖人物。他曾自己編輯自己的著作，名為《白氏長慶集》（或《白氏文集》），共七十五卷，現存七十一卷。白居易對文學創作非常地投入，少年時認真地投入學習，甚至到影響健康，提早出現衰老的症狀。他曾以詩仙、詩魔自比，形容自己對詩歌創作的投入。不同於其他大多數的詩人，白居易在世時他的作品就已經得享盛名，廣泛流傳於各地、各階層，是唐代詩人中作品在生前流傳最廣的一位。他的作品也流傳至日本、新羅等地。在早期的日本，《白氏文集》是日本文學漢化的最重要依據。理念 -{H\|zh-hans:刘大杰; zh-hant:劉大杰}-白居易認為文學是反映自己人生哲學（道）的工具。而依自己的現況，又可分為「兼濟」與「獨善」兩類。白居易曾將自己的詩分為諷喻、閒適、感傷和雜律四類。而他本人特別重視兩類詩文：其一是作為「兼濟」工具的諷諭詩，其二是則是反映自己「獨善」心志的閒適詩。並提出「文章合爲時而著，歌詩合爲事而作」的主張。胡適歸納白居易基本主張：「可說是為人生而作文學！文學是救濟社會，改善人生的利器；最上要能『補察時政』，至少也須能『洩導人情』；凡不能這樣的，都『不過嘲風雪，弄花草而已』。」白居易的詩歌理念與元稹一致。陳子昂與李白古詩作品、以及杜甫寫實作品，對元、白的詩歌理念可能有很大的影響。對於白居易的文學主張，劉大杰認為白居易「作了大膽的批判和正確的評價。」胡適肯定白居易以詩歌造成輿論而改善時政的意圖，但也認為白居易的詩歌理論有過於狹隘的缺陷。白居易對前人詩作，也因他的文學理論，而出現相衝突的評價。例如《與元九書》裏，認為晉宋是「六義寖微」的時代，而有「以淵明之高古，偏放於田園」的批評；然而白居易不但有《效陶潛體詩十六首》的詩作，也曾明確地表示仰慕陶淵明的為人。詩歌他的詩歌現存近三千首，是唐代存世诗歌最多的作家。諷諭詩白居易最為重視的是諷喻詩，其創作意旨是用詩歌補時政之不足。代表作有《秦中吟》、《新樂府》等，詩歌理論的實踐，對當時社會的諸多問題提出了比較系統的規諫之辭，是中國古典詩歌現實主義的代表作：《秦中吟》是貞元、元和年間，白居易在長安，看到當時種種不公義的社會現象，有感而發，而寫下的詩篇。這些詩，一事一題，一題一議，不僅反映當時社會問題，也呈現了白居易對這些議題的看法。白居易寫作諷諭詩，受到杜甫很大的激勵，《秦中吟》便可以體現杜詩「朱門酒肉臭，路有凍死骨」一句對白居易的影響。以第十首《買花》為例，這首詩具體描繪出當時社會的貧富差距。最後六句，用對比的手法，諷刺買花者的奢侈豪華，同時也表現出詩人對窮人的同情。白居易希望用詩歌補政治上的不足，《新樂府》「為君、為臣、為民、為物、為事」而作，可說是白居易詩歌理論最具體的呈現。《新樂府》作於元和四年，其寫作標準是：開頭破題，在結尾時凸顯全詩要旨；用辭淺顯，使人容易明瞭；用語直接而銳利，使人警惕；敘事可靠可信；體例流暢而可以傳唱於歌曲之中。為了達到上述效果，白居易在創作《新樂府》時，可能採用了許多當時的俗文學作品。但《新樂府》詩也存在著從理念出發，形象性和感染力不足的缺憾。胡適認為《新樂府》標示著白居易已經超出杜甫的影響而獨樹一格，是白居易的「理解與天才融合為一」的作品；然而胡適也認為《新樂府》各篇良莠不齊，五十篇中，佳作有《上陽白髮人》、《新豐折臂翁》、《道州民》、《縛戎人》、《西涼伎》、《杜陵叟》、《繚綾》、《賣炭翁》、《鹽商婦》等篇。以《賣炭翁》為例，序為：「苦宮市也」，揭露朝廷以宮市方式強行劫奪百姓資財；開頭六句生動刻畫出主角年紀、職業及燒炭的勞苦；「可憐」二句寫老翁生活上兩難的獨特矛盾心理；「翩翩」四句，用「翩翩」「把」「稱」「迴」「叱」「牽」等字，生動刻劃出太監的蠻橫；最後四句寫名為買賣、實為搶奪的宮市實質，僅用「半疋紅紗一丈綾」的代價，就算是償付了千餘斤炭的價金了。閒適詩閒適詩是白居易在公餘之暇獨處、或因病而閒居時寫作，用以陶冶性情，反映其「知足保和」人生哲學的詩歌。此類詩歌相當受白居易本人的重視，然而較不見重於世人。以《自吟拙什因有所懷》為例：詩中反映了白居易作詩的情境、對自身作品的評語、所欣賞的古詩人（陶潛、韋應物）、以及與元稹的交情。感傷詩感傷詩是指因外界事物，有感而發，所寫成的詩歌。白居易的感傷詩中最有名的是長篇敘事詩《长恨歌》、《琵琶行》。《長恨歌》，是一個將歷史典故融於感性藝術中，以富層次韻味的抒寫筆法，所描繪出的淒美的愛情故事。前半篇寫實，後半篇穿插虛構的情節和幻想的仙境。全詩語言聲調優美，抒情和敘事交融一體，有很高的藝術成就。一句「在天願作比翼鳥，在地願為連理枝」的愛情更是多少痴男怨女的美好嚮往。而作者白居易，也被譽為了中國古代最會寫情詩的詩人。白居易將這首詩歸為「感傷」類，歷代均認為這是唐玄宗與楊貴妃的故事。詩中融合了許多歷史典故（包括漢武帝與李夫人、衛子夫、陳皇后等），可能還受到《目連救母變文》與《歡喜國王緣》等文章的影響。長恨歌是白居易流傳最廣的作品。在白居易生前就已經廣為人所傳頌，歷千年依舊在人口中，廣為流傳，且影響許多後來的作品，如：元朝王伯度《天寶遺事諸宮調》、元朝白樸《唐明皇秋夜梧桐雨》雜劇、清朝洪昇《長生殿》、現代劇作家曾永義的《楊妃夢》等，甚至影響了日本的文壇如《源氏物語》、《枕草子》等作品。由於《長恨歌》的知名度高、話題敏感，且白居易並未明確揭示全詩主題，歷代解讀此詩也有許多評價與爭論。例如張戒、周紫芝、張祖廉等，或從禮教出發，認為長恨歌描繪愛情的內容太俚俗、輕薄。沈括、范溫、張戒、楊慎、趙翼認為長恨歌記載唐玄宗、楊貴妃的史實有錯誤。而薛雪與周紫芝意見不同，王楙不同意張戒的批評。此外如趙翼、王國維對全詩給予很高的評價。雖然白居易曾說過：「今僕之詩，人所愛者，悉不過雜律詩與『長恨歌』已下耳，時之所重，僕之所輕。」然而他也寫過：「一篇長恨有風情，十首秦吟近正聲」的詩句，陳寅恪據此認為白居易自詡《長恨歌》為其「壓卷之傑構」。《琵琶行》描繪白居易在江州司馬任內，一次在長江上送客，聽到一位來自長安的女伎演奏的琵琶，所勾引出的貶謫寂寥之情。琵琶行特別成功之處有兩點：一是對比京城女伎與自身貶謫的雙雙痛苦經歷，而道出人人皆知、卻未能言之的全詩主題：「同是天涯淪落人，相逢何必曾相識！」其次是對琵琶聲音的描寫，藉由生動的形象比喻、以及環境的渲染、人物的感受等，使人有置身於音樂之中的感受。歷來多認為《琵琶行》是與《長恨歌》相提並論的傑作，胡適甚至認為《琵琶行》的成就高於《長恨歌》。雜律詩由元稹為白居易所編次的《白氏長慶集》的歸類可知，雜律詩泛指未能歸類為「諷諭」、「閒適」、「感傷」三類的詩歌。這類詩歌常是因遇到某些時空情境、或事物，讓作者發於一笑、一吟，因而隨性地寫出的詩歌，常用作與朋友們彼此舒懷的工具。由於「諷諭」、「閒適」、「感傷」三類全屬古體詩，白居易所作近體詩全數被歸類為「律詩」。這些「律詩」可能可以進一步分類。以《江樓夕望招客》為例：這首詩是白居易在杭州的夏天，欲邀友人至望海樓作客而寫。一、二句寫遠望之景。三、四句寫近望之景。五、六句採比喻的手法，用「雨」描寫「風聲」、用「霜」描寫「月色」，借用「雨」「霜」的清涼意象，引出七、八句的「消暑」，作為邀請友人的理由。蘇軾對「風吹古木晴天雨，月照平沙夏夜霜」一聯相當讚賞，認為可以做白居易優秀作品的例證。散文白居易與元稹的散文，在唐朝、五代曾享有盛名，當時文譽尚在韓愈之上。後來元、白的文名不顯，有幾個原因：一是因為北宋古文運動倡導推崇韓愈；其次則是元、白詩名太盛，而掩蓋了其文譽。白居易的《與微之書》、《與元九書》反映了元稹與白居易的交情。《與元九書》且是中國文學史上的重要文獻之一，其文字流暢生動、情感真摯、說理邏輯性強，具有獨特風格。《遊大林寺序》、《草堂記》、《冷泉亭記》等，清新雋永，對後來的小品文創作有重大的影響。白居易曾任知制誥，他響應當時元稹對詔、誥等官方文體的改革，以古文書寫，是古文運動的響應者。其他如白居易為應科考而擬作的賦、《百道判》，曾是當時士子爭相模擬的對象，他的《策林》也是為了應科考而作，金朝時徒單鎰翻譯《策林》為女真文字，是最早譯為女真文字的漢人典籍之一。人物形象人生哲學白居易在《與元九書》裏，描述他的人生哲學是「達則兼濟天下，窮則獨善其身」，認為應當堅守自己的理想，以等待適當的時機到來。時機來臨時，就要努力地實踐自己的理想，这个思想反映在他的詩文上，这就是「諷諭詩」的創作；若時機沒有來臨，就需要好好地修養自己，反映在詩文上，就是知足保和的「閒適詩」的創作。白居易的個人修養，可用「知足」二字概括。陳寅恪認為白居易的「知足」思想，是源於老子「知足不辱」的想法。白居易的知足思想也经常表現在他的詩文之中，例如當他擔任校書郎時「俸錢萬六千，月給亦有餘」，其後官職調動而調整俸祿時，白居易也多有詩文記載，大多也都能反映其知足常樂之情，例如：任左拾遺「月慚諫紙二千張，歲愧俸錢三十萬」、任太子賓客分司「俸錢八九萬，給受無虛月」、任太子少傅「月俸百千官二品，朝廷雇我做閒人」，退休（致仕）後領取半俸「全家遁此曾無悶，半俸資身亦有餘」「壽及七十五，俸佔五十千」。從最初的月俸一萬六千錢，至最高的月俸十萬錢，以及退休後的月俸五萬錢，白居易大多都表現出知足的心態。即使是被貶謫至江州司馬，處於極不得志的時期，他仍能說出「今雖謫在遠郡，而官品至第五，月俸四五萬，寒有衣、饑有食，給身之外施及家人，亦可謂不負白氏之子矣！」以此自我寬解，这也反映了他无论贫穷富贵都保持着积极向上、乐观面对生活的心态。白居易篤信佛法，尤其重視彌勒信仰，希望能往生彌勒佛的兜率天淨土。交友白居易與元稹是好友，兩人對於詩文的功能拥有着极其相似的认知，故而成為新樂府運動的戰友；同時兩人作詩的才能相匹敵，因而常以唱和為戲。白居易曾用曹操誇獎劉備的「天下英雄，唯使君與操耳」來形容兩人的交情。白居易晚年常居洛陽，與劉禹錫時常唱和往來。風流韻事唐時社會風氣開放，官員宴飲之時以歌妓陪伴的風氣興盛，當時政令風氣與後世大不相同。白居易曾蓄有多名歌妓，最出名的是樊素，見於《舊唐書‧白居易傳》。白居易本身對歌妓並不忌諱，關於歌妓的描述常見於他的詩歌之中，如《與元九書》、《对酒吟》、《江南喜逢蕭九徹，因話長安舊遊，戲贈五十韻》等。白居易好友元稹、劉禹錫相互贈答詩文中，亦有關於歌妓的描繪：如元稹曾邀白居易的歌妓商玲瓏至越州，商玲瓏返回時，元稹並有詩贈白居易。白居易杭州刺史卸任後，曾帶杭州的歌妓回洛陽，這些歌妓後來返回杭州，劉禹錫曾有「其奈錢塘蘇小小，憶君淚點石榴裙」的詩句描繪這些歌妓對白居易的思念。白居易與歌妓的往來，也使他受到許多批評。宋朝的龚明之認為白居易與歌妓來往，代表他荒廢政務。曾因胡風事件而廣受爭議的舒蕪，指責白居易狎妓是不尊重女性，引起廣泛討論。石繼航認為這些對白居易的指責「大有鬥倒批臭之勢」，且舒蕪引用時看錯字，可能因此而造成解讀上的誤解。石繼航並且指出白居易與家妓樊素和小蠻感情良好，雖未知有否越軌事，然即使有，亦非狎玩，可說是兩情相悅，故而白居易與妓之事，實非重要，且其時文人幾乎皆有，不應獨責白居易。晚年白居易將所有的歌妓放還，作了許多回憶的詩文，對這些歌妓多充滿了濃厚的念舊之情。蘇軾晚年被貶謫時，曾經嘉許王朝雲能「不似楊枝別樂天」，願意隨著自己前往嶺南。由此亦可見至少在宋朝，大多文人不將養歌妓視為卑猥之事。民間形象宋朝僧人惠洪在《冷齋夜話》記載：「白居易每次寫詩，都讓一位老太太先讀。老太太能讀懂，則將詩收錄下來；若不能讀懂，則改寫其文句。因此唐末的詩鄙俗而多俚語。」關於這一則記事，歷代不少人懷疑其真實性，例如《唐宋詩醇》、胡適、葉慶炳。然而胡適、葉慶炳亦引述這則記事，作為白居易有意以口語入詩的旁證。可能也是因為白居易詩歌具有淺顯為大眾了解的特性，張為在《詩人主客圖序》中稱白居易是廣大教化主。评价唐代唐宣宗有弔白居易詩：「綴玉聯珠六十年，誰教冥路作詩仙。浮雲不繫名居易，造化無為字樂天。童子解吟長恨曲，胡兒能唱琵琶篇。文章已滿行人耳，一度思卿一愴然。」此詩可作為白居易一生的概括。白居易的詩文流傳很廣泛，然而歷代對其評價則不一致。元稹評價白居易的詩文：「大凡人之文各有所長，樂天之長，可以為多矣。夫諷諭之詩長於激，閑適之詩長於遣，感傷之詩長於切，五字律詩百言而上長於贍，五字、七字百言而下長於情，賦、讚、箴、戒之類長於當，碑、記、敘、事、制誥長於實，啟、奏、表，狀長於直，書、檄、詞、策、剖判長於盡。總而言之，不亦多乎哉。」對白居易推崇備至。然而杜牧為李戡所作的墓誌銘，就記載了李戡對元、白的批評：「詩者可以歌，可以流於竹，鼓於絲，婦人小兒，皆欲諷誦，國俗薄厚，扇之於詩，如風之疾速。嘗痛自元和以來，有元白詩者，纖豔不逞，非莊士雅人，多為其所破壞，流於民間，疏於屏壁，子父女母，交口教授，淫言媟語，冬寒夏熱，入人肌骨，不可除去。吾無位，不得用法以治之。」後世許多人批評杜牧自己的「淫言媟語」也非常多，為白居易抱不平，甚至認為杜牧是假托李戡之言，挾怨報復。然而亦由此可見在唐代，對白居易的評價已有不一致的狀況。五代、宋元新、舊唐書對於白居易的評價亦有不同。舊唐書對於白居易的文學成就給予高度的肯定：「昔建安才子，始定霸於曹、劉；永明辭宗，先讓功於沈、謝。元和主盟，微之、樂天而已。臣觀元之制策，白之奏議，極文章之壺奧，盡治亂之根荄。非徒謠頌之片言，盤盂之小說。就文觀行，居易為優，放心於自得之場，置器於必安之地，優遊卒歲，不亦賢乎。」新唐書描述白居易「於文章精切，然最工詩。」又說：「居易在元和、長慶時，與元稹俱有名，最長於詩，它文未能稱是也。」然而新唐書對白居易的人品則給予極高的肯定：「觀居易始以直道奮，在天子前爭安危，冀以立功，雖中被斥，晚益不衰。當宗閔時，權勢震赫，終不附離為進取計，完節自高。而稹中道徼險得宰相，名望漼然。鳴呼，居易其賢哉！」這種評價的變遷可能與宋代古文運動的興起有密切的關係。蘇軾對白居易的評價也有不一致處。蘇軾曾提出「元輕白俗」的說法，對元白的詩風頗有微詞。然而後來卻常以白居易自比，例如「定似香山老居士，世緣終淺道根深。」又如「予去杭十六年，而復來留二年而去。平生自覺出處老少粗似樂天，雖才名相遠，而安分寡求亦庶幾焉。」蘇軾對白居易的詩作，也有「白公晚年詩極高妙。」的評語。辽朝皇帝曾親自將白居易的諷諭詩翻譯為契丹文字，命臣子們閱讀。金代，元好問對白居易的詩作給予很高的評價，他說：「并州未是風流域，五百年中一樂天。」在《論詩三十首》「一語天然萬古新」句下，元好問自注：「陶淵明，晉之白樂天。」明清明代後七子的王世貞、清代神韻派的王士禎不喜愛白居易的詩作。相對的，公安派的三袁對白居易的評價相當高。袁宗道以「白蘇齋」為齋名，並有《詠懷效白》的詩作；袁宏道將元白歐蘇與李杜班馬相提並論；袁中道亦贊同兄長們的意見。清代主張性靈說的袁枚亦給予白居易極高的評價。此外，清乾隆皇帝敕編的《唐宋詩醇》對白居易的詩文與為人均給予極高的評價，認為白居易「實具經世之才」，並認為官員應以白居易的詩「救煩無若靜，補拙莫如勤」作為座右銘。明末清初的王夫之在《读通鉴论》中对白居易、元稹等的生活方式、政治态度、道家学问甚持批评。说到白居易、元稹等沉迷于酒肆嬉游书画诗歌，虽然称名士，实则非国家之栋梁、君王之心膂。“此数子者，类皆酒肉以溺其志，嬉游以荡其情，服饰玩好书画以丧其守。凡此，非得美官厚利，则不足以厌其所欲。而精魄既摇，廉耻遂泯，方且号于人以为清流之津迳，而轻薄淫泆之士乐依之，以标榜为名士。如此，而能自树立以为君之心膂、国之桢干、民之荫藉者，万不得一。” 中國近現代胡適讚揚以白居易與元稹為領袖的文學革新運動，認為可以達到以詩歌造成輿論，而有助於改善政治。因為陳獨秀與胡適提倡新文學運動，在提倡白話、不避俗字俗語的風氣下，白居易的詩歌因而很受推崇。包括陳寅恪、劉大杰、錢基博等，都給予白居易極高的評價。然而錢鍾書對白居易的評價則不高。日本白居易的文集在日本受到高度評價。平安時代，菅原道真寫漢詩，當時渤海國的人見道真的詩，認為與白居易的詩很像，這評語令道真很高興，還特別記載下來，引以為榮。纪念江苏省苏州市阊门山塘街口建有白居易纪念馆。河南省洛阳市郊区安乐乡狮子桥村东建有白居易故居纪念馆。白居易故乡陕西省渭南市的乐天大街以白居易的字命名。注釋參考陳寅恪：《元白詩箋證稿》（上海：上海古籍出版社，1978）。靜永健：《白居易寫諷諭詩的前前後後》（北京：中華書局，2007）。外部連結丸山茂：〈伟大的凡人——白乐天的历日〉。蕭馳：〈洪州禪與白居易閑適詩的山意水思〉。松浦友久：〈论白居易诗中“适”的意义〉。中國哲學書電子化計劃‧全唐詩，白居易的作品自卷424 起。唐朝诗人唐朝官员貞元十六年庚辰科進士太原人新郑人唐朝杭州刺史唐朝苏州刺史唐朝同州刺史唐朝忠州刺史 J居易葬于洛龙区
冠盘藻属（学名：Stephanodiscus）为冠盘藻科的一个属。下级分类本属包括以下物种：参考文献 G G
Siddharth College may refer to: Siddharth College of Arts, Science and Commerce, in Mumbai, India Siddharth College of Law, Mumbai, in Mumbai Siddharth College of Commerce and Economics, a college in Mumbai
虛骨龍類（学名：）又名空尾龍類，是群多樣性的獸腳亞目恐龍，包含許多次演化支，例如：暴龍超科、似鳥龍下目、以及手盜龍類（也包含鳥類）。虛骨龍類的範圍為：獸腳亞目中，所有親緣關係接近鳥類，而離肉食龍下目較遠的物種。目前的有羽毛恐龍幾乎都屬於虛骨龍類，使許多科學家認為大部分虛骨龍類擁有某種程度的羽毛。敘述大部分虛骨龍類是二足掠食動物，並包含了目前所發現的最大的（暴龍）與最小的（小盜龍、小馳龍）肉食性恐龍。虛骨龍類的特徵包括：薦骨比其他恐龍還長尾巴堅挺的連接至臀部彎曲的尺骨虛骨龍類的脛骨也比股骨長。虛骨龍類的重要腿部肌肉不再附著於尾巴，而是附著在髖骨上，這些肌肉將變得較短、較輕。羽毛化石證據顯示大部分虛骨龍類可能擁有原始羽毛。R. Prum與A.H. Brush在一個2002年的研究宣稱羽毛起源自虛骨龍類演化支，包含中華龍鳥與鳥類，而這些羽毛可能不存在於更原始的獸腳亞目生物群，例如：阿貝力龍超科、角鼻龍科、以及腔骨龍科。因此，羽毛是先進獸腳類恐龍的特徵（例如虛骨龍類），並可能起源自這個生物群的最原始成員。另外，幾乎每個虛骨龍類支系都有至少一個物種曾發現羽毛的化石痕跡。美頜龍科、暴龍超科、偷蛋龍下目、鐮刀龍超科、阿瓦拉慈龍科、馳龍科、以及傷齒龍科都曾發現過羽毛痕跡。擅攀鳥龍科的所有標本都發現覆蓋者羽毛。到目前為止，尚未發現確實羽毛證據的演化支是似鳥龍下目。在不計入現代鳥類的狀況下，目前已發現的虛骨龍類的羽毛結構原始、簡易，某些虛骨龍類化石更發現了鱗片皮膚痕跡，包含：大型的暴龍科、侏羅獵龍、擅攀鳥龍。這些鱗片皮膚痕跡都位於後肢、尾巴部位，而擅攀鳥龍的化石同時也保存了羽毛痕跡，侏羅獵龍的化石周圍，也有發現疑似原始羽毛的可疑痕跡。大部分虛骨龍類與現代鳥類的足部仍具有鱗片，少部分物種的足部覆蓋者羽毛，例如近鳥龍、現代的岩雷鳥。大部分古生物學家將現代鳥類視為僅存的虛骨龍類（尤其是手盜龍類），但並非所有鳥類學家都這麼認為。在過去，許多科學家認為只有虛骨龍類恐龍演化出羽毛，但近年某些鳥臀目恐龍也發現類似羽毛的結構物，例如天宇龍。鳥臀目的管狀毛與獸腳類的原始羽毛是否是同源演化的結果，或者是平行演化的特徵，目前還沒有結論。化石證據目前有數個三疊紀晚期的足跡化石，被歸類於虛骨龍類。三疊紀晚期到侏羅紀晚期的虛骨龍類化石紀錄，相當不完全。髂鱷龍的化石只有兩個腸骨，年代為侏羅紀中期的牛津階，約1億6500萬年前，目前被歸類於暴龍超科。侏羅紀晚期出現許多完整的虛骨龍類化石。始祖鳥的化石發現於德國巴伐利亞州，約1億5500萬到1億5000萬年前。虛骨龍、嗜鳥龍、長臂獵龍、編號WDC DML 110的傷齒龍科化石，都發現於懷俄明州的莫里遜組，約1億5000萬年前。樹息龍與足羽龍的化石發現於中國的道虎溝化石層，地質年代有些爭議，約1億6000萬年前，或是1億4500萬年前。侏羅紀晚期的虛骨龍類分佈廣泛，呈現出高多樣性，顯示出牠們在這之前就以高度分開演化。在白堊紀早期，中國遼寧省的義縣組出現大量、多樣化的虛骨龍類與鳥類。義縣組的所有獸腳類恐龍都是虛骨龍類。虛骨龍類的許多演化支持續生存到白堊紀末期，其中的暴龍超科更演化出巨大的體型。分類自從虛骨龍類在1914年建立後，牠們已被證明是一群極為多樣化的演化支。1960年代之後，數個有區別的虛骨龍類支系被承認，並被建立為下目，包含似鳥龍下目、恐爪龍下目、偷蛋龍下目、以及慢龍下目（之後被鐮刀龍下目所取代）。大部分的現代研究根據系統發生學命名法，且避免排列等級，而那些雙名法的研究人員，例如麥可·班頓（Michael Benton），也避免在虛骨龍類之內列出不同的下目，而是改列個別的科。如同肉食龍下目包含大型獸腳類恐龍，虛骨龍類傳統上也當作小型獸腳類恐龍的集中地，但80年代與90年代的研究，顯示出某些虛骨龍類其實是更原始的獸腳類恐龍，尤其是腔骨龍超科。另外，許多長久以來被認為屬於肉食龍下目的生物群，例如暴龍科，被認為是大型的虛骨龍類恐龍。大型、植食性或雜食性的鐮刀龍超科一度被認為是蜥腳下目或鳥臀目的近親，也被改列到虛骨龍類。在2007年，菲力·森特（Phil Senter）整理自從1984年以來的59份虛骨龍類研究；發現自從2005年以來，虛骨龍類的演化關係已大致確定。他提出最早的虛骨龍類應類似虛骨龍科的虛骨龍與長臂獵龍，而稍異於暴龍超科的帝龍、始暴龍。系統發生學以下演化樹是簡略取自於大衛·威顯穆沛、彼得·達德森、與Halszka Osmólska在2004年的書籍。他們將虛骨龍類定義為：在恐龍之中，與家麻雀擁有較近共同祖先，而與脆弱異特龍擁有較遠共同祖先的所有物種。 "腔尾龍" 腔尾龍是個無資格名稱，是由休尼博士（Friedrich von Huene）在1929年所建立，有時被列於恐龍名單上。該名稱可能是個排版錯誤；休尼博士原本要將一個不確定的化石列為虛骨龍類的分類不明物種，但在印刷的過程中，該名稱被錯置，變成休尼博士創造一個新的屬名"腔尾龍"。這個看法是由喬治·奧利舍夫斯基在1999年公佈於Dinosaur Mailing List論壇上。腔尾龍從未被敘述過，也不曾被正式地使用，但曾出現在科幻作品中。食性虽然虛骨龍類中有一些是肉食性恐龙，但是至少有44种是素食性恐龙。參考資料外部連結 See entry on "Coelurosauria" at DinoData (registration required, free). DinoData Lark Quarry, Queensland, Australia . Lark Quarry.
手指关节脱位多久能好？手指脱臼是手外科的常见病，是指骨关节从关节囊中脱出，属于较轻的手外伤。临床中手指脱臼治疗措施包括牵引、复位、固定、功能锻炼，90%以上的通过专科医生及时恰当的治疗，都可以恢复正常状态。但若不作处理，也可导致手部残疾，严重还可出现局部坏死。可以到正规医院就诊，复位后石膏固定6周，拆除石膏后在医生指导下进行功能锻炼。那么，手指关节脱位多久能好？手指关节脱位多久能好：一般的外伤脱臼：一般需要3周左右的时间。如果手指是由于外伤而导致的脱臼，受伤部位的伤势比较轻，并且在受伤后能够及时进行治疗处理，一般需要3周左右，手指脱臼的情况才能得到缓解。外伤导致的严重脱臼：可能需要3个月左右的时间。如果是因为外伤而导致的严重脱臼，并且脱臼部位周围的韧带等均受到严重拉伤，即使在伤口能够得到及时治疗的情况下，也可能会需要3个月左右的时间，伤势才能逐渐缓和。习惯性脱臼：一般在进行手术复位后的2~3周左右。习惯性脱臼是由于关节从关节囊中滑脱出来导致的脱臼，这种脱臼通常都是因为在受伤的时候没有积极进行治疗和护理导致的，一般在进行手术复位后的2~3周左右，病情才能得到缓解。一般手指关节的脱位，经过早期积极的固定，减少关节的活动，防止脱位的复发，同时通过稳定关节。可以促进关节周围的关节囊等软组织结构的修复，防止出现陈旧的关节得不稳。可以达到非常良好的愈合，对后期的影响比较小。所以手指关节脱位以后，只要早期积极的固定，是可以自己愈合的，而且愈合后是可以恢复不错的，不会有什么太大的影响。
The 1989 Virginia Slims of New England was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Centrum in Worcester in Worcester, Massachusetts in the United States and was part of the Category 5 tier of events of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was held from October 30 through November 5, 1989. First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $60,000. Finals Singles Martina Navratilova defeated Zina Garrison 6–2, 6–3 It was Navratilova's 8th singles title of the year and the 146th of her career. Doubles Martina Navratilova / Pam Shriver defeated Elise Burgin / Rosalyn Fairbank 6–4, 4–6, 6–4 It was Navratilova's 6th doubles title of the year and the 149th of her career. It was Shriver's 7th doubles title of the year and the 101st of her career. External links ITF tournament edition details Tournament draws Virginia Slims of New England Virginia Slims of New England Virginia Virginia
头皮癣是真菌感染吗？头皮癣是真菌感染，而且头皮真菌感染会引发一系列的头皮问题，如头皮发痒，头皮发油等，如果患者出现了头皮真菌感染的话需要把平常用的帽子，手套，木梳的物品进行消毒，同时也需要在医生的指导下使用一些抗菌药物。1、头皮真菌感染，要把平时用的帽子，手套，木梳，等生活用品进行消毒，要勤洗勤换洗衣服。枕巾要晒,烫,煮消毒，被污染的理发工具要刷,洗,泡。带菌的毛发要清理干净。不要互戴帽子,互用毛巾等.。2、头皮真菌感染建议使用抗菌药物治疗，一般需要一段时间才能治好。用灰黄霉素对治疗头皮真菌感染有特效。应在医生指导下使用。复方苯甲酸软膏等抗真菌药物,早晚各1次,直至痊愈为止.用药期间,每周剪发1次,经常用热水肥皂洗头。3、灰黄霉素，连服四周。因为灰黄霉素有一定副作用,如恶心,头疼,光敏性皮疹,偶发白细胞暂时下降,尿蛋白阳性,部分病人肝功异常等,因此要注意用药时间和剂量.所以如果要使用这种药物一定要根据患者的病情。平时要注意保持好个人卫生，衣服要经常换洗。枕巾也要经常换洗。头发可以每天清洗，不过洗发水要选择好的品牌。注意饮食健康。不要经常熬夜，多做户外运动。最后要介绍，头皮真菌感染之后会有哪些临床表现，一起来看看：真菌感染通常伴有痕痒，偶尔头发会存有异味，同时颈后的淋巴结也会出现肿胀。真菌可引起头发脱落，过度搔爪的话可引致少量红肿、痛楚、及会出现脓性分泌物的溃疡。头皮屑多，比较油。头发油腻、干枯，头皮上也有些红斑，那么这个就可能是脂溢性皮炎，与皮肤真菌中的马拉色菌有关。头皮的鳞屑非常厚，鳞屑呈干燥的粉末状，这种情况多半是头皮石棉状糠疹。造成头发感染的真菌亦会令其他部分的皮肤造成感染，并透过小孩的头皮或密切接触而传播，特别是家庭成员。身体其他部位的溃疡，呈圆型且会红肿，并在圆型中央有小小凸起。如果不加以治疗，真菌仍可传播开去，且达几个月或几年。
《大学生费莉希蒂》（）是由美国华纳兄弟电视网（The WB network）在1998－2002年间播出的青春系列电视剧，曾获得金球奖。剧情简介女主人公费莉希蒂·颇特（-{Felicity}- Porter）在高中毕业典礼上鼓起勇气请自己的暗恋对象本·卡文登（Ben Covington）在毕业纪念册上留言。本在留言中说他很遗憾以前没有机会更加深入了解费莉希蒂。费莉希蒂看了之后忽然决定放弃斯坦福大学，转而跟随本到纽约去读书。费莉希蒂在努力适应大学生活的同时，还要努力寻找自我。除了对本无法忘怀，另一个男生诺尔·克雷因（Noel Crane）也在费莉希蒂的心中占据了一个位置。演员列表领衔主演参考资料 Julie Keller (2000-01-18). E! Online. Goldfinger (band) asks about -{Felicity}- in the song "Spokesman" from the album Open Your Eyes (Goldfinger album) 外部链接 TV.com: -{Felicity}- – includes full episode guide NoelCrane.com – site that was referenced several times in the show; it was updated during the show's run as if Noel Crane were a real person 1990年代美國電視劇 1998年開播的美國電視影集 2002年停播的美國電視劇英語電視劇美國劇情電視劇紐約市背景電視節目無綫電視外購劇集 WB电视网原创节目大學背景電視劇青春剧
中央種植園（英文：Middle Plantation）是1632年由弗吉尼亚公司建立在英属弗吉尼亚殖民地的一座城镇，1699年改名为威廉斯堡。该镇位於詹姆斯河和約克河之間的維吉尼亞半島的高地。1634年，它成為了詹姆斯城郡（即后来的詹姆斯城县）的一部分。 1693年，美国第二古老的大学威廉與瑪麗學院在中央种植园成立。1699年，弗吉尼亚首府从詹姆斯敦迁至中央种植园；同年，為了紀念英格蘭國王和愛爾蘭國王威廉三世，小镇被重新命名為威廉斯堡。地理中央种植园位于汉普顿锚地高地西侧的一座丘陵上，海拔高度约80英尺。中央种植园与北侧的约克河和南侧的詹姆斯河的距离大约相当，均在10英里内，距离英国人在北美的首个永久定居点詹姆斯敦约7英里。历史早在1611年，在弗吉尼亚的英国殖民者便计划修建一道南北方向横跨弗吉尼亚半岛的围栏。时任总督托马斯·戴尔（Thomas Dale）在给索尔茨伯里伯爵的一封信中建议在约克河上游离舒适角（Point Comfort）约20英里处的奇斯科亚克（Chiskiack）修筑一个要塞式的定居点。由于当时殖民者和原住民部落的关系融洽，这个建议没有被立刻采纳。 1623年，即詹姆斯敦大屠杀后的第二年，修建围栏的建议再度提上日程。在詹姆斯敦南边6英里处的一座小镇内，有73人在原住民的袭击中被杀，幸存者出于恐惧逃离了小镇。总督弗朗西斯·怀特（Francis Wyatt）和当地议员们给南安普顿伯爵的信中提到他们计划在在马丁领地和奇斯科亚克之间的森林里开辟一道工事。 1626年，萨缪尔·马修斯（Samuel Mathews）和威廉·克莱波恩（William Claiborne）表示愿意修筑围栏和要塞的房屋，并提出了条件和费用。但他们的投标没有被接受。 1630年前，殖民者在弗吉尼亚半岛北侧并没有开发什么定居点。因而修围栏的建议被一再搁置。1630年10月8日，总督约翰·哈维（John Harvey）在詹姆斯敦的一次会议上正式提出了修建围栏的命令。随后，房屋在国王溪两岸被建造起来，并迅速向约克河南岸发展。1632年9月，约克河南岸的人口增长到可以选派出议员的规模了。约克河畔的区域被分为两座种植园：奇斯科亚克种植园和约克种植园。约克种植园位于沃姆利河河口，距今日的约克敦约3英里，由约翰·哈维所有。随着殖民地的扩张，修建围栏的计划不再被推延。在1632年7月12日，约翰·伯茨（John Potts）获得了1200英亩的土地后开始砍伐树木为围栏预留空间。同年9月4日，弗吉尼亚议会决定将皇后溪和合普溪之间的土地赠与所有在此区域内定居的殖民者。 1633年2月，议会发布命令，要求半岛上1/40的男性人口在3月前前往伯茨的种植园报到。这些人将负责修建房屋和围栏。3月1日，工程正式开始。建成的围栏长6英里，中间越过多条小溪流。在半岛中部的一座丘陵上，人们修建了一个定居点，称中央种植园。这是弗吉尼亚殖民地首个位于内陆的定居点。很快，伯茨发现该定居点的卫生状况比此前的都要好。因为中央种植园位于高处，降水能迅速排干，所以蚊虫稀少。从南北方向穿过中央种植园的溪谷为此地带来了绝佳的战略价值，而穿过半岛的唯一一条主道（即今日的格罗斯特公爵大街）就经过种植园所在的丘陵。这导致此地易守难攻。随着中央种植园的发展，越来越多的人选择搬到半岛内陆生活，并且修建了不少庄园。 1644年4月27日，原住民对殖民者再度进行了屠杀。但这次波瓦坦联盟的酋长奥皮坎卡诺（Opechancanough）在战斗中被捕。1646年，罗伯特·希金斯（Robert Higginson）上尉接到命令，在中央种植园重修了一道围栏，以取代年久失修的旧围栏。到了1650年代，中央种植园人口剧增，随之也变得富裕起来。在来自米德塞克斯的约翰·佩奇（John Page）上校和夫人爱丽丝·佩奇的努力下，中央种植园内修建了许多房屋。佩奇夫妇在中央种植园为自己建造了一栋巨大的砖屋，在当时是财富的象征。而路德维尔兄弟在后来又修建了一栋更大的砖屋。到来1675年左右，中央种植园已经成为一个显赫的小镇。 1675年的贝肯叛乱（Bacon's Rebellion）中，中央种植园遭受了巨大的冲击。8月3日，在奥索·索尔普（Otho Thorpe）上校位于中央种植园的家中，纳撒尼尔·贝肯（Nathaniel Bacon）和叛乱首领们举行了会议，决定从殖民地当局宣布独立。他们誓言将反抗时任总督威廉·伯克利（William Berkeley）到底，并反对英国继续向殖民地派兵。叛乱中，伯克利总督撤退到弗吉尼亚东岸并向国王提出救援请求。贝肯在英国援兵到达之前去世，叛乱随后被殖民地政府镇压，其接任者威廉·德鲁蒙特（William Drummond）和许多同党也在中央种植园被处死。但英格兰国王查理二世得知消息后对总督的处理方式感到不悦，故将他革职、召回英国。在叛乱中，詹姆斯敦被焚毁，殖民地议会被迫临时迁往中央种植园。 1698年10月20日，位于詹姆斯敦的议会大楼在一场意外中被烧毁。议会再次迁往中央种植园，在威廉与玛丽学院的学院楼内开会。在与会期间，学院的学生代表提交了一份议案，要求考虑将弗吉尼亚殖民地的首府永久迁往中央种植园。当时，反对的声音不在少数，因为詹姆斯敦作为首府已经存在了数十年时间，公共设施齐全且交通也方便。但学生们表示迁都中央种植园的话，议员们可以免于感染疟疾的风险，而且种植园附近也有两条河流。最终议案通过了议会。1699年，弗吉尼亚首府正式迁到中央种植园。差不多是在同一时间，中央种植园改名为威廉斯堡，以纪念英格兰国王威廉三世。直到1780年，威廉斯堡都是弗吉尼亚的首府。布鲁顿教区座堂 1633年，在中央种植园成立不久后，英国圣公会在当地建立了同名的教区。教区的第一座教堂是木质结构。1658年，附近的哈罗普（Harrop）教区和中央种植园教区合并成为米德顿（Middletown）教区。1674年，约克县的马斯顿（Marston）又与米德顿教区合并成为布鲁顿（Bruton）教区，该名取自时任总督威廉·伯克利位于索默塞特的老家布鲁顿村。、教区首位牧师是罗兰·琼斯（Roland Jones）。1678年，约翰·佩奇上校将自己名下一幅144英尺（44公尺）长、180英尺（55公尺）宽的土地捐赠给了教区，并提供资金以修建一座砖结构的座堂。座堂于1683年落成，长60英尺（18公尺），宽24英尺（7.3公尺），风格为哥特式，带飞券。1715年，詹姆斯·布莱尔（James Blair）牧师主持修建了新座堂，并且保留至今。威廉与玛丽学院早在1610年代，殖民者们就有在弗吉尼亚设立一座高等教育学院的想法，但因为各种动乱而作罢。经过了多年的努力后，国教会的詹姆斯·布莱尔牧师于1693年成功争取英格兰国王威廉三世颁下的皇家宪章，建立了弗吉尼亚殖民地第一所大学——威廉与玛丽学院。学院以威廉三世和玛丽二世命名。学院的地址选在中央种植园附近的一块土地上。1694年，学院在临时校舍内开办。1695年，学院楼开始兴建并在4年后落成，今日该楼称雷恩楼，是美国最古老的仍在使用的大学建筑。威廉斯堡維吉尼亞州已不存在的行政區劃弗吉尼亚州历史遗迹詹姆斯城縣 1632年建立的聚居地 1632年維吉尼亞建立
Repubblica Romana (Italian: Roman Republic) may refer to: Roman Republic (18th century) Roman Republic (19th century)
Joseph Harold Hinton (1 January 1862 – 4 January 1941) was a British composer and organist. Hinton was born in Claydon, Buckinghamshire. His teachers included Frederick Bridge of Westminster Abbey. In 1882 Hinton was appointed resident music-master at Blairlodge School in Polmont, Scotland, moving then in 1885 to be organist at Hyndland Church, Hillhead, Glasgow. His published compositions include a setting of De Profundis, a song titled Eldorado, and some anthems. In 1908 he published L'allegro, his op. 5, for string orchestra, with timpani ad lib. He was honorary secretary of the Glasgow Society of Musicians in 1909. At least briefly from 1909 he lived at 7 Striven Gardens in Glasgow. In May 1910 he went to Canada, and worked in Ontario before heading west, to British Columbia. He died in Victoria, British Columbia, in 1941. References 1862 births English composers 1941 deaths Musicians from Buckinghamshire People associated with Glasgow English emigrants to Canada
The Zoya Factor is a 2019 Indian Hindi-language sports romantic drama film directed by Abhishek Sharma. Based on Anuja Chauhan's 2008 novel of the same name, the film stars Sonam Kapoor and Dulquer Salmaan. It was released on 20 September 2019. Plot Zoya Singh Solanki is forever jinxed in her love life and professional life which reach an all-time low when her rich dentist boyfriend dumps her, and her boss at the ad agency grows displeased with her inefficient work. But soon, her luck sends her to Sri Lanka to shoot an ad film with the Indian cricket team. Zoya accidentally meets Nikhil Khoda, the Indian team captain who is a staunch believer of hard work and against his team's dependence on superstitions. When Zoya gets invited to a breakfast with the team, she reveals that she was born the day when India won its first World Cup. This makes the team believe that Zoya could be their lucky mascot. Her luck rubs off sensationally when the team wins the match in Sri Lanka. This irks Nikhil, who is attracted to Zoya but is also irritated by the media for giving her the credit for their wins. Nikhil is at loggerheads with Robin, the previous captain of the Indian Cricket Team whose uncle is the President of the Board. When the Board hears about Zoya's lucky charm they decide to hire her as their Official Lucky Mascot. Nikhil is displeased with this and tells Zoya to leave immediately. An angry Zoya goes back home. Later, however, Nikhil visits her and apologizes for his actions and also expresses his true feelings for her which Zoya happily accepts. Zoya turns down the offer of the Board and pursues a relationship with Nikhil. To make Zoya return, Robin gives another Ad contract to AWB with Zoya being made the head. Zoya is extremely happy as it gives her more time with Nikhil and is a changing point in her career. Despite trying their best to keep their relationship a secret, Robin eventually finds out about Zoya and Nikhil's affair. He warns Zoya about Nikhil's intentions claiming that Nikhil only wants Zoya for himself so that he can be the star player. Initially, Zoya doesn't believe Robin but after he sends her a video about a previous conversation Nikhil had with a reporter where Nikhil is advised by the reporter to make Zoya fall in love with him by his charms so that she would reject the offer, Zoya is left heartbroken. She confronts Nikhil who tries to tell her that Robin is using her to get to him, but in vain. After Nikhil offers Zoya double the amount of the original contract to stay away from his team, Zoya breaks up with him and instead takes the Board's offer to become the Lucky Mascot. Zoya becomes a sensation and is hailed as the "Cricket Goddess" as Team India continues to win matches. Zoya is given more credit by the media than the team. Nikhil requests the Board to leave Zoya out of one match which is not very important for the team. Despite being an easy match, Robin purposely loses making everyone believe Zoya is indeed their Lucky Mascot and they cannot win without her. After being made a Goddess for an ad shoot, Zoya comes to realise that even if Team India wins The World Cup, people would believe it is because of her rather than Nikhil's hard work. Realising that both Robin and his uncle have been using her to oust Nikhil from captaincy, Zoya breaks the contract and refuses to come to the Final Match between India and Sri Lanka. Zoya apologizes to Nikhil and wishes him luck for the next day. The next morning, the BCCI calls Zoya a traitor and hundreds of people gather outside her house pelting stones. The Indian Cricket Team are sure about their loss without Zoya but after Nikhil gives them a speech about how each one of them has worked hard to reach here and didn't need a Zoya Factor, implying that they certainly do not need one now. The team plays well and despite Robin's efforts to drown them, Team India emerges as the winner as everyone comes to believe that they do not need a Lucky Mascot for their win. Nikhil later shows up at Zoya's house claiming his love for her and they reconcile. In the epilogue, Nikhil and Zoya get married and make it a rule to never have breakfast before a match. The Indian Cricket Team finally lets go of their superstitions and believes in working hard. Robin and his uncle are suspended by the BCCI for foul play. Zoya finally resigns from her job and opens her ad agency. Cast Sonam Kapoor as Zoya Singh Solanki Mahira Khurana as young Zoya Shayra Miglani as infant Zoya Dulquer Salmaan as Nikhil Khoda, Indian Cricket Team Captain Sanjay Kapoor as Vijayendra Singh Solanki, Zoya's father Angad Bedi as Robin Rawal, Indian Cricketer Sikander Kher as Zorawar Singh Solanki, Zoya's brother Saurabh Shukla as Yashwant Khoda, Nikhil's father Rishi Hapawat as dentist who broke up with Zoya Jahid D'cruz as Bhuban Udit Arora as Ketan, Indian Opening Batsman Abhilash Chaudhary as Shivnath (Shivi), Indian opening batsman Jashan Singh Kohli as Navneet Singh, Indian cricketer Gandharv Dewan as Harvindar "Harry" Singh, Indian Cricketer Abhishek Madrecha as Zahid Pathan, Indian Cricketer Alistar Bennis as Neelo Vikas Mandaliya as Vishal Manu Rishi as Jogpal Pooja Bhamrrah as Sonali Koel Purie as Monika, Zoya's boss Pradhuman Singh Sachin Deshpande as Lakhi, Indian cricketer Shoaib Ahmed as Dabbu R. Bhakti Klein as Wes Hardin, Indian Coach Manoj Goyal as Lokey Simran Channa as Veena Solanki Arvinder Singh Gill as Jimmy Yogendra Tiku as Kaushik Himanshu Gokani as Mehra Madhurima Roy as Lily Sunikumar Nair as Siji Nazeem Shine as Shubash Mohd Sharia as policeman Saurav Agarwal as Kahid Pankaj Dheer in a guest appearance Anil Kapoor in a guest appearance as AK, a film actor Production In an interview, director Abhishek Sharma described the film to Mumbai Mirror as "Cricket woven into a rom-com and touching on superstition and luck." The film is based on the novel penned by Anuja Chauhan. She has also written additional dialogues for the film. Initially, Shah Rukh Khan bought rights to film the movie. But since the project did not take off three years after, Red Chillies Entertainment lost the rights and in 2013, Pooja Shetty acquired the adaptation rights of The Zoya Factor. Nevertheless, Khan served as a narrator for the film. Filming Principal photography commenced in Mumbai on 29 August 2018. Dulquer Salmaan joined the cast from 31 August 2018. The cricket sequences were filmed at DY Patil Stadium, Navi Mumbai. Soundtrack The music of the film is composed by Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy while lyrics are written by Amitabh Bhattacharya. Marketing and release Initially the release date as 5 April 2019 was announced for the film, which was advanced to 14 June 2019, for a release during the 2019 Cricket World Cup. But finally, it was slated to release on 20 September, post the Cricket World Cup by Fox Star Studios. In February, to promote the movie, Sonam Kapoor changed her social media handles to her character's name, 'Zoya Singh Solanki'. A first look poster giving the release date of the film was released on 23 May. Release of the Sonam Kapoor – Dulquer Salmaan starrer The Zoya Factor postponed from June to 20 September. The official promo of film was released on 24 August 2019 through which the launch date of the trailer of the film has also been announced. The video appears to have been inspired by teleshopping ads. It features actor Pankaj Dheer where he introduce the 'Zoya Kavach' and tells how it helped in bringing fortune in his life. With the unique promotional strategy the makers have introduced some more new products under the 'Zoya Kavach' ahead of the trailer release. Another promotional video was released which features a look alike of Indian cricket team captain who is seen praying to God and kissing his lucky charm – the Zoya locket before getting to the crease during a match. Many promotional videos were released by the makers where people shares different stories about Zoya Kavach which helped in bringing luck in their lives. The Zoya Factor was released in United Arab Emirates on 19 September 2019, a day before its India release. Reception Critical response The film received mixed reviews from critics. The Times of India gave 3.5 out of 5 stars stating "The Zoya Factor is a fun, frothy film that pits superstitions versus strategy and self-belief versus luck. And delightfully uses India's cricket craze to deliver a thoroughly enjoyable, entertaining film". Priyanka Sinha Jha of News18 gave 3.5 out of 5 stating that "With its quirky premise, The Zoya Factor is light and frothy just as romcoms should be, and ticks against all boxes especially the prerequisite combo of a tall, dark and handsome hero and a good-looking yet naïve heroine." Bollywood Hungama rated it 3 out of 5 commenting that "The Zoya Factor is a feel-good popcorn entertainer that works chiefly due to concept, treatment, humour and performances." The Indian Express gave 2.5 out of 5 stars stating "For a rom-com which needs to be light on its feet, hitting fours and sixes as it goes along, the writing is not as supple as it should have been. Too many slog overs here". Box office The Zoya Factor opened to a slow start at the box office, with low occupancies. The film earned about on its opening day, it is one of Sonam Kapoor's lowest openers in her career and each on the second and third day, taking its total opening weekend collection to in India. It grossed a total of from India and from overseas, the film has grossed worldwide in its final run. With a budget of , the film was a box office disaster. References External links 2019 films 2010s Hindi-language films Films based on Indian novels Fox Star Studios films Films scored by Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy Films about cricket in India Films shot in Mumbai Films directed by Abhishek Sharma
哈斯蒂纳普尔（Hastinapur），意为“象城”，是印度北方邦Meerut县的一个城镇。总人口21248（2001年）。该城历史悠久，在《摩诃婆罗多》中出现。人口该地2001年总人口21248人，其中男性11262人，女性9986人；0—6岁人口3242人，其中男1691人，女1551人；识字率57.95%，其中男性为67.33%，女性为47.37%。参见北方邦城镇列表参考北方邦城镇
强直性关节炎怎么治疗？强直性关节炎，主要是侵蚀关节导致关节部位出现僵硬粘连，后期会出现关节融合的情况，从而导致关节部位出现活动受限。它主要是关节部位的慢性进行性的炎症，属于无菌性炎症，并且是风湿病的范畴，强直性关节炎的治疗主要是延缓关节炎疾病的进展，以及恢复关节的活动。它的主要治疗主要是以保守治疗为主，疼痛期间，可以应用抗炎药物治疗，并且疾病的发展过程中一定要注意活动关节以防止关节出现过早的粘连融合的情况。如果是强直性脊柱炎，在口服抗炎药物的同时，可以配合其他药物治疗。并且平时可以多吊一下单杠，多打打乒乓球，主要是活动脊椎，防止出现脊椎过早的粘连以致融合的情况，后期影响病人的活动，对于其它部位的强直性关节炎，也要加强关节的活动，防止关节过快的粘连。后期如果出现了关节粘连融合的情况，可以考虑行手术治疗，手术对于强直性脊柱炎主要椎体的接骨手术，而对于四肢的关节主要是行关节置换手术，以恢复正常的关节活动功能。强直性关节炎日常生活中注意维持正常姿势和活动能力，如行走、坐位和站立时挺胸收腹，睡觉时不用枕或用薄枕，睡硬木板床，取仰卧位或俯卧位，每天早晚各俯卧半小时。参与力所能及的劳动和体育活动。工作时注意姿势，防止脊柱弯曲畸形等。保持乐观情绪，消除紧张、焦虑、抑郁和恐惧的心理；戒烟酒；按时作息，参加医疗体育锻炼。防外伤，开车时一定系上安全带，尽量不骑机动车。寒冷、潮湿季节，更应防范症状复发。避免强力负重，使病变加重。避免长时间维持一个姿势不动。若长时间坐着，至少每小时起来活动10分钟。勿用腰背束缚器，使脊椎炎恶化。
噪声病的西医治疗？对于噪声所造成的听力损伤和和噪声性耳聋，至今尚无有效的治疗药物，一般服用一些能促进内耳血液循环、加强听觉细胞营养和代谢的药物，常用的药物有如烟酸和其他B族维生素。
陈坚（），男，广东兴宁人，生于江西赣州，中华人民共和国政治人物，曾任中共安顺市委书记，贵州省科学技术厅厅长，贵州大学党委书记、校长，贵州省政协副主席。中共十八大、十九大代表。参考资料 Jian 興寧市人赣州人西北工业大学校友北京航空航天大学校友中国共产党党员 (1987年入党) 中共安順市委書記贵州省科学技术厅厅长貴州省政協副主席贵州大学校长貴州大學黨委書記中共十八大代表中共十九大代表
Hidegkuti Nándor Stadion is a multi-purpose stadium in Józsefváros, Budapest, Hungary. The stadium was opened on 13 October 2016. It was renamed after the MTK Budapest and Hungary footballer Nándor Hidegkuti (1922–2002). It is currently used for football matches and is the home stadium of MTK. History Planning Tamás Deutsch, Member of European Parliament and president of MTK Budapest, announced that in 2016 a new stadium will be built, budgeted between 6 and 6.5 billion HUF. The new facility would host approximately 5000 spectators and be the home of the Sándor Károly Football Academy. The first phase of the construction would start at the end of the 2013–14 Hungarian League season with the demolition of the current stadium. During the construction the club would play their matches another stadium Budapest and decided by the fans of the club. On 4 November 2014, the construction budget of the new stadium was made public. The Hungarian state would provide 1.39 billion HUF for the construction of a sports hall at the Lantos Mihiály Sportelep, 3.91 billion HUF for the reconstruction of the Nándor Hidegkuti stadium, and 350 million HUF for the training pitch next to the stadium. Altogether 5.65 billion HUF. On 5 December 2014, the first drafts of the new stadium were published on the official website of the club. The tender was won by Bord Építész Stúdió Kft, led by Péter Bordás. The new stadium would be able to host just over 5000 spectators and planned to open the summer of 2016. The planned UEFA stadium category of the new stadium would be Category 3 which requires a minimum seating capacity of 4500 and at least 250 VIP seats. On 12 December 2014, new photos of the new stadium were published on the website of the club. On 18 June 2015, the new plans were revealed by the Hungarian epiteszforum.hu. The plans were delivered by designers of two companies, Sportarchitects and Azmpl. Demolition On 6 November 2014, the demolition of the stadium started. First the floodlights system was uninstalled and then the seats were removed. In May 2015 the demolition of the main stand started. Construction On 6 November 2014, the demolition of the old stadium started by removing the old seats and the lights system. On 16 November 2015, the foundation stone of the new stadium was laid. Tamás Deutsch, president of the club, said that it is an important step in the life of the club and its supporters. At the ceremony, Kálmán Szekrényessy's great-great-grandchild, founding member of the club, József Kanta, the captain of the MTK Budapest FC in the 2015–16 Nemzeti Bajnokság I season, Olivér Horváth and Maja Pásztor, representative of the Sándor Károly Academy, were present. On 9 December 2015, the first post was placed officially with the aid of two male MTK Budapest footballers Sándor Torghelle, Ákos Baki and one female Lilla Nagy. Until March 2016, another 165 posts will be placed. On 7 July 2016, the grass became visible on the pitch of the stadium. On 24 September 2016, the seats were mounted on both the east and west stands in three different colours: white, light blue and dark blue. The colors of the seats were distributed randomly to hide the effects of low attendances. On 6 October 2016, the displays were tested by broadcasting a scene from a pornographic film starring Hungarian pornographic actress Michelle Wilde. The final cost for the building of the stadium was publicly announced to be 7.26 billion forints ($26 million), which was above its budgeted 6 to 6.5 billion forints despite much of the stadium being built with prefabricated materials and the construction period lasting just nine months. Opening On 13 October 2016, the stadium was officially opened with the MTK Budapest–Sporting friendly match. Sporting Clube de Portugal brought only three players from their first squad (Azbe Jug, Ricardo Esgaio, and Matheus Pereira due to the fact that the club have to play in the third round of the 2016–17 Taça de Portugal against F.C. Famalicão). At the opening ceremony, Viktor Orbán, prime minister of Hungary delivered a speech, followed by Member of European Parliament and president of MTK Budapest, Tamás Deutsch. On 22 October 2016 the first Nemzeti Bajnokság I match was played in the stadium when MTK Budapest hosted Gyirmót FC Győr on the 13 week of the 2016–17 Nemzeti Bajnokság I season. The first goal was scored by the MTK icon Sándor Torghelle in the 75th minute of the match which finished a 1–0 victory. Despite the optimism that the new home stadium brought, MTK Budapest was automatically relegated to the second division of Hungarian football, Nemzeti Bajnokság II, after finishing next to last in the Hungarian top division during the 2016–2017 season. Furthermore, the new stadium did not do much to boost their home attendance as their average in their stadium for NB I matches was a modest 2,327, below the league's average of 2,704. On 23 March 2017 the first international match was played. Russia hosted Hungary in the 2017 UEFA European Under-17 Championship qualification Elite round. The match ended with a 2–1 victory for Hungary. The first goal was scored by the Russian Prutsev in the 16th minute. While Szoboszlai of Hungary equalized in the 74th minute and scored again in the 84th minute to win the match. On 5 April 2017, the first Magyar Kupa was match was played. The hosts were not the MTK Budapest because they were eliminated earlier from the 2016–17 Magyar Kupa season by Dorog but Vasas SC. Since the Illovszky Rudolf Stadion was demolished, Vasas SC's home, Vasas hosted Újpest FC at the Hidegkuti Nándor Stadion. The final result was 0–1 but Vasas qualified for the next round on 2–2 aggregate. The only goal was scored by Nemanja Andrić in the injury stoppage time of the first half. On 27 October 2017, one part of the membrane roof was damaged by the Storm Herwart. Two strips of membrane over the east stand were damaged enough to force their removal. Cost of the repairs will be covered by insurance. Tenants The main tenant of the stadium is MTK Budapest FC. However, apart from association football matches, American football matches are also played in the stadium. In the 2018–19 Nemzeti Bajnokság I and the 2018–19 Magyar Kupa season Budapest Honvéd FC played their home matches in the stadium during the reconstruction of the Bozsik József Stadion. Milestone matches Design Controversy The original playing field was moved 90 degrees within the stadium's plot and thus narrowed its length with large grey concrete walls placed beyond each goal. This allowed planners more room along the east and west sides for 40 private skyboxes. Its comparatively large amount of private skyboxes to its overall modest seating capacity is a ratio that is almost unprecedented globally. After seeing photos of the newly built stadium many voiced displeasure at the prominence of walls behind the goals as it created a "very raw and imposing impression" (the popular pejorative nickname for them are the "wailing walls") and cast doubt on the safety of the stadium for players. Journalists from the Hungarian sport daily Nemzeti Sport measured and the distance between the walls and the goals and found that it conformed to UEFA regulations for stadium construction. Márton Fülöp goal The southern goal was named after the former MTK Budapest FC and Hungary national football team goalkeeper Márton Fülöp who died at the age of 32 from cancer. Transport Hidegkuti Nándor Stadion is located on the outskirts of the Józsefváros district of Budapest, Hungary. The stadium can be easily reached by public transport via tram 1 which travels along the Hungária Boulevard. Attendance This table includes only domestic league matches. For the 2016–17 season, only matches from day 13 are included as they were played in this stadium. Gallery See also List of football stadiums in Hungary References External links Hidegkuti Nándor Stadium at magyarfutball.hu Football venues in Hungary MTK Budapest FC Multi-purpose stadiums in Hungary Sports venues in Budapest American football venues in Europe 2016 establishments in Hungary Sports venues completed in 2016
Zaza Kolelishvili (; born January 11, 1957, in Telavi, Georgia) is a Georgian film and television actor, film director and artist. He is best known for The Wishing Tree 1977, Garigeba and Kukaracha. Biography He studied philology at the Tbilisi State University in 1997. Zaza studied acting at the Shota Rustaveli Theatre and Film University and the same University he studied directing in 1996. In 1981–1984, he worked at the Telavi State Theatre. In 1984–1991, he was working at the Rustaveli Theatre. Since 1985 Zaza is working at film studio Kartuli Pilmi. Filmography As actor 3+3 (2015) Paradox (2015) Garigeba 20 Tslis Shemdeg (2011) Quchis dgeebi (2010) Mediator (2008) Kukaracha (1982), Murtalo Isini (1992) Omi kvelastvis omia (1990) Mama, shvili da niavi (1988) Gamotskhadeba (1988) Khareba da Gogia (1987) Deduna (1987) Bravo, Alber Lolish (1987) Mamakatsebi (1985) Kvelaze stsrapebi msoplioshi (1985) Tu girtkamen – gaiqetsi (1984) Banditi aguris qarkhnidan (1983) Atovda zamtris bagebs (1983) The Wishing Tree (1977) Mimino (1977) Pyl pod solntsem (1977) As director Garigeba 20 Tslis Shemdeg (2011) Omi da Qortsili (2010) Garigeba (1993) As production Design Ori Khevsuri (2006) Kutaiseli Babua (2006) References External links 1957 births Living people Male actors from Tbilisi 20th-century male actors from Georgia (country) Male film actors from Georgia (country) 21st-century male actors from Georgia (country) Film directors from Georgia (country)
This article lists the presidents of the United States Chess Federation from its foundation in 1939 to present. The presidents were elected by voting members to three-year terms. Now the executive board elects its own officers annually. List 1939–1942 George Sturgis 1943–1948 Elbert Wagner, Jr. 1948–1951 Paul Geirs 1951–1954 Harold M. Phillips 1954–1957 Frank Graves 1957–1960 Jerry Spann 1960–1963 Fred Cramer 1963–1966 Ed Edmondson 1966–1969 Marshall Rohland 1969–1972 Leroy Dubeck 1972–1975 Frank Skoff 1975–1978 George Koltanowski 1978–1981 Gary Sperling 1981–1984 Tim Redman 1984–1987 Steven Doyle 1987–1990 Harold Winston 1990–1993 Maxim Dlugy 1993–1996 Denis Barry 1996–1999 Don Schultz 1999–2000 Bob Smith 2000–2001 Tim Redman 2001–2003 John McCrary 2003–2005 Beatriz Marinello 2005–2008 Bill Goichberg 2009–2011 Jim Berry 2011–2015 Ruth Inez Haring 2015–2017 Gary Walters 2017–2018 Mike Hoffpauir 2018–2020 W. Allen Priest 2020–2022 Mike Hoffpauir 2022–present Randy Bauer See also United States Chess Federation Executive Directors of the United States Chess Federation Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) International Correspondence Chess Federation (ICCF) References External links Official USCF website USCF info on the FIDE website Chess organizations Chess in the United States Presidents of the United States Chess Federation
西域彎貝介（学名：）为彎貝介科彎貝介屬下的一个种。参考文献 X
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American–Uzbek relations formally began when the United States recognized the independence of Uzbekistan on December 25, 1991, and opened an embassy in Tashkent in March 1992. U.S.-Uzbekistan relations developed slowly and reached a peak following the U.S. decision to invade Afghanistan following the September 11, 2001 attacks. Relations cooled significantly following the "color revolutions" in the former Soviet republics of Georgia, Ukraine, and Kyrgyzstan in 2003–2005, and the Government of Uzbekistan sought to limit the influence of U.S. and other foreign non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working on civil society, political reform, and human rights inside the country. Relations improved slightly in the latter half of 2007, but the U.S. continues to call for Uzbekistan to meet all of its commitments under the March 2002 Declaration of Strategic Partnership between the two countries. The declaration covers not only security and economic relations but political reform, economic reform, and human rights. Uzbekistan has Central Asia's largest population and is vital to U.S., regional, and international efforts to promote stability and security. According to a 2002 global opinion poll, 85% of Uzbeks view the United States favorably, compared with only 10% who viewed the U.S. negatively. According to the 2012 U.S. Global Leadership Report, 40% of Uzbeks approve of U.S. leadership, with 22% disapproving and 39% expressing uncertainty. Bilateral relations Trade and investment Trade relations are regulated by a bilateral trade agreement entered into force January 14, 1994. It provides for extension of most-favored-nation trade status between the two countries. The U.S. additionally granted Uzbekistan exemption from many U.S. import tariffs under the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP status) on August 17, 1994. A Bilateral Investment Treaty was signed December 16, 1994; it has been ratified by Uzbekistan and received advice and consent of the U.S. Senate in October 2000. However, the Bilateral Investment Treaty will be unlikely to enter into force until Uzbekistan embarks on economic reform. The government is taking some modest steps to reduce the bureaucratic restraints on the nascent private sector. Assistance The United States' humanitarian and technical assistance to Uzbekistan has decreased markedly since 2004, both as a result of government actions against U.S. implementing partners and U.S. Government restrictions on aid. Since its independence, the U.S. has provided technical support to Uzbekistan's efforts to restructure its economy and to improve its environment, education, and health care system, provided support to nascent NGOs, and provided equipment to improve water availability and quality in the Aral Sea region. Through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the embassy's Public Affairs Section, the U.S. Government continues to support educational and professional exchanges and other programs that offer Uzbeks the opportunity to study in the United States and to establish professional contacts with their American counterparts. The Departments of State and Defense provide technical assistance in the form of equipment and training to enhance Uzbekistan's control over its borders and its capabilities to interdict the illicit movement of narcotics, people, and goods, including potential weapons of mass destruction-related items. In FY 2003, the United States provided roughly $87.4 million in humanitarian aid, technical assistance, military-to-military funding, and micro-credit support in Uzbekistan. U.S. assistance grew to approximately $101.8 million in FY 2004, but fell to $92.6 million in FY 2005. These programs were designed to promote market reform and to establish a foundation for an open, prosperous, democratic society. Starting in 2004, the Secretary of State has been unable to certify that Uzbekistan has met its obligations under the bilateral 2002 Strategic Framework Agreement. As a result, U.S. assistance declined to approximately $20 million in FY 2006. However, after the supply routes through Pakistan were interrupted in 2012, the ban on military assistance to Uzbekistan was pragmatically lifted. USAID provides both technical and humanitarian assistance. Technical assistance to Uzbekistan promotes sound fiscal and management policies, a strengthened business-enabling environment, enhanced competitiveness of the agribusiness sector, increased citizens' participation in civil society and economic decision making, improved sustainability of social benefits and services, reduced environmental risks to public health, and other multi-sector reform programs. The USAID/Central Asian Republics Uzbekistan health program focuses on four chief needs: primary health care reform, HIV/AIDS and infectious disease control, drug demand reduction, and reproductive and maternal and child health. Programs are designed to develop local capacity and promote mechanisms for citizens to engage with their local government. U.S. Government funds also support the work of non-governmental organizations to prevent trafficking in persons and care for victims. USAID supports the Institute for New Democracies in initiatives to strengthen the protection of human rights. Peace Corps staff arrived in Uzbekistan in August 1992, and a bilateral agreement to establish the Peace Corps in Uzbekistan was signed November 4, 1992. The first volunteers arrived in December 1992. Peace Corps Volunteers were active in English teaching, small business development, public health, and women's issues. However, Uzbekistan failed to renew visas for Peace Corps volunteers in 2005, ending the Peace Corps presence in the country. Department of State-managed exchange programs, farmer-to-farmer exchanges, and the Department of Commerce's Special American Business Internship Training Program (SABIT) contribute to expansion of technical know-how and support bilateral relations. The U.S. also provides export finance/guarantees and political risk insurance for U.S. exporters and investors through the U.S. Export-Import Bank and the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC). Proceeds from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Commodity Monetization Program are scheduled to finance more than 30 farmer assistance and rural development projects which were approved jointly by U.S. and Uzbek officials in 2005. Some of the selected projects are already underway. Post-Karimov Era Human rights conditions in Uzbekistan under President Shavkat Mirziyoyev have improved slightly because he wants to assure investors, like the United States, that their investments will not be adversely affected by political instability. The government of Uzbekistan has promised an improvement of human rights conditions with optimistic rhetoric on the international stage through The National Action Strategy of 2012–2017, which was a push for reforms that “pledge to improve public administration, strengthen protections for vulnerable segments of the population, liberalize the economy, and increase judicial independence.” This plan includes social and economic reforms because Mirziyoyev understands that economic liberalization needs to happen simultaneously with social reform. Not only does this show Western countries stability, but also a willingness to align more with the United States ideals, making it easier for the United States to justify a close economic relationship with Uzbekistan. Additionally, Uzbekistan has shown a willingness to liberalize the country through not only domestic reform but also diplomatic visits. President Mirziyoyev met Donald Trump on May 16, 2018 at the White House, becoming the first Uzbek president to officially visit the United States since March 2002. Mirziyoyev's shift towards the United States aligns with his previously mentioned goal of transforming Uzbekistan's economy by developing a strong relationship with United States. This in turn will facilitate the process of obtaining loans in international institutions like the World Bank because of the influence the US holds in these institutions. In regards to security cooperation, Mirziyoyev wants the United States to follow its foreign policy towards Afghanistan of increasing the efficiency of the Afghan national security. With US support, Uzbekistan can more effectively fight terrorism and drug trafficking. Although there are signs of liberalization, Uzbekistan's emphasis remains fixed on security. Thus, Uzbekistan must continue to undergo significant reform to fit the United States definition of democracy. This mixed record and slow progress of human rights improvement is best exemplified in its actions in October 2017: when it freed 5 long-held political prisoners but that same month also arbitrarily detained an author and journalist. Military relations Following the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the United States, Uzbekistan approved of the U.S. Central Command's request for access to an air base, the Karshi-Khanabad airfield, in southern Uzbekistan, to station 1,500 of its armed forces, in exchange for security guarantees and assistance with its own internal terrorism. Despite his human rights record, Uzbek President Islam Karimov condemned Saddam Hussein and supported the controversial Iraq War, and continued allowing the U.S. to place troops on the ground as well as use the Uzbek airbase, K2, for support activities and for deployment and command and control of Special Forces into all of Afghanistan except for the Khandahar region. However, Uzbekistan demanded that the U.S. withdraw from the airbases after the 2005 Andijan Unrest and the critical U.S. reaction to the incident. Following year Uzbekistan formally joined the Collective Security Treaty Organization. In 2012, Uzbekistan opted to formally withdraw from the Russian-led CSTO alliance, leading some to debate whether such a move indicated a shift in its foreign policy to the West, possibly influenced by its increasingly vital strategic position in Central Asia and NATO's impending future withdrawal from neighboring Afghanistan. However, Uzbekistan remains a part of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, of which both Russia and China are part of, and of which it is the only non-founding member. Diplomatic visits U.S. Secretary of State James Addison Baker visited Tashkent and Samarkand on February 16, 1992 and met with Uzbekistan's main opposition party, Birlik, a year after the country's independence from the Soviet Union. In April 2000, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright visited Uzbekistan to meet with President Karimov, where they discussed the distinction between Muslim terrorists and peaceful Muslims. In December 2001, Secretary of State Colin Powell visited Uzbekistan to witness the reopening of the Afghanistan–Uzbekistan Friendship Bridge. During his visit, Secretary Powell also met with Uzbek Foreign Minister Abdulaziz Komilov and President Karimov to discuss the security of Central Asia. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton visited Uzbekistan twice in her tenure, in December 2010 and October 2011. In November 2015, Secretary of State John Kerry visited Samarkand as part of his Central Asian tour to reassure the multilateral ties between the United States and the Central Asian nations. In March 2002, Uzbek President Islam Karimov visited Washington, D.C. to meet with U.S. President George W. Bush at the White House. The two presidents signed a "declaration" that would enhance Uzbekistan's security and law enforcement agencies. United States Secretary of State Antony Blinken visited Tashkent on February 28, 2023. Blinken arrived in Tashkent from Astana where he took part in the meeting of foreign ministers of Central Asian nations in the C5+1 format. Principal U.S. Embassy Officials Ambassador—Daniel N. Rosenblum Secretary—Patti Hagopian Deputy Chief of Mission—Brad Hanson Political/Economic Chief—Ted Burkhalter Public Affairs Officer—Carol Fajardo Management Officer—Doug Ellrich Consul—Rafael Perez Defense Attache—LTC Jeff Hartmann USAID—James Bonner Diplomatic missions The Embassy of the United States is located in Tashkent. The Embassy of Uzbekistan is located on Embassy Row in Washington, D.C. See also Uzbek Americans References External links History of Uzbekistan - U.S. relations Uzbekistan - Recent Developments and U.S. Interests Uzbekistan Bilateral relations of Uzbekistan
引产手术过后要休息多久才能上班？意外怀孕是比较常见的情况，想要终止妊娠的话，可以采取流产的方式。有些时候胎龄很大的，可能会遇到一些特殊的情况需要终止妊娠，此时就需要进行引产了。引产和女人生孩子很相近，引产后要加强护理，最好要休养一个月，不要从事体力劳动，要注意保暖。意外怀孕是比较常见的情况，一般情况下，如果暂时没有生育的打算，我们可以进行流产，一般在怀孕早期可以选择人工流产。但是如果怀孕的月份较大，想要终止妊娠的话，那么我们就需要进行引产了。无论是流产还是引产都会给女性的身体带来伤害，尤其引产的危害更大，引产就如同生了一次孩子，需要做好术后的保养。一些女性在引产后可能急于去上班，这样做是非常不正确的，女性的身心都需要一段时间的休养。1、引产后休息多久可以上班：现在流产的比率非常的高，医院也推出了无痛流产的技术，由于胎儿较小，此时流产的话，对女性的身体危害比较小，不过也建议女性休养一个礼拜左右。怀孕月份较大，可能在孕期时候发生了一些意外的情况，可能需要终止妊娠，那么我们需要进行引产。很多人认为引产和流产一样，休养几天就可以去上班了。这种观点是非常错误的，引产和女性生孩子是一样的，如果过早的参加工作，过于劳累的话，那么会给女性的身体带来不可挽回的伤害。在引产之后，要住院观察，出院后要卧床休养，注意加强营养，促进身体的康复，最好要休养一个月的时间再去上班。做好引产后的护理对女性的健康是一个重要的保证，希望女性朋友在引产后要保护好身体的健康。2、引产后怎么护理：引产后一定要加强护理，引产对女性的子宫的伤害是最大的，一定要做好子宫的保养，注意卧床休养，多吃些温补的食材，不要着凉，子宫受寒的话会影响到日后的生育能力。引产后不能过早的参加劳动，即便是休养了一个月，上班后也不能过于劳累。在饮食方面要加强营养，多补充一些富含蛋白质的食物，促进身体的恢复。
霍恩费尔德（）是德国梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州的市镇，隶属于罗斯托克县。总面积为9.45平方千米，截至2020年总人口为779人。参考来源梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州市镇
Hexachaeta major is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Hexachaeta of the family Tephritidae. References major
Lindsey Davis (born 1949) is an English historical novelist, best known as the author of the Falco series of historical crime stories set in ancient Rome and its empire. She is a recipient of the Cartier Diamond Dagger award. Life and career Davis was born in Birmingham and after taking a degree in English literature at Oxford University (Lady Margaret Hall), she became a civil servant for 13 years. When a romantic novel she had written was runner up for the 1985 Georgette Heyer Historical Novel Prize, she decided to become a writer, at first writing romantic serials for the UK women's magazine Woman's Realm. Her dedication of the book Rebels and Traitors (2009) reads: "For Richard / dearest and closest of friends / your favourite book / in memory", and the author's website relates: "I am still getting used to life without my dear Richard. For those of you who haven't seen this before, he died in October [2008]." The author says in her publisher's newsletter: "The greatest recommendation I can give is that Richard, its first reader, thought it wonderful. He devoured chunks, demanding ‘Bring more story!’ even when he was in hospital. One of the last things I was ever able to tell him was that Rebels and Traitors was to be published by Random House, so I would be working with dear friends for his favourite book." Davis suffered from the eye condition keratoconus from childhood, and in adulthood had a corneal transplant, about which she has said: "A stranger's generosity freed me from years of pain and anxiety" and urges her readers to carry a donor card. Writing Davis's interest in history and archaeology led to her writing a historical novel about Vespasian and his lover Antonia Caenis (The Course of Honour), for which she could not find a publisher. She tried again, and her first novel featuring the Roman "detective", Marcus Didius Falco, The Silver Pigs (1989), set in the same time period, was the start of her runaway success as a writer of historical whodunnits. A further 19 Falco novels have followed, as well as The Course of Honour, which was published in 1997. She published Falco: The Official Companion in June 2010. Rebels and Traitors, set in the period of the English Civil War, was published in September 2009. Master and God, published in March 2012, is set in ancient Rome and concerns the emperor Domitian. In 2012, Davis and her publishers, Hodder & Stoughton in the UK and St. Martin's Press in the US, announced that she was writing a new series of books centred on Flavia Albia, Falco's British-born adopted daughter and "an established female investigator". The first title, The Ides of April was published on 11 April 2013 in the UK, and its sequel, Enemies at Home, was published in 2014, followed by annual additions. In an interview in 2019 Davis discussed her plan to write an Albia novel set on each of the seven hills of Rome, starting with the Aventine Hill in the book The Ides of April and culminating with the Capitoline Hill in the book A Capitol Death. She has since published three more Albia books, , set in particular locations just outside the wall of Rome. Davis has won many literary awards, including, in 2011, the Cartier Diamond Dagger of the Crime Writers' Association given to authors who have made an outstanding lifetime contribution to the genre. She was honorary president of the Classical Association from 1997 to 1998, and is a life member of the Council of the Society of Authors. Published works Marcus Didius Falco The Silver Pigs (1989) Shadows in Bronze (1990) Venus in Copper (1991) The Iron Hand of Mars (1992) Poseidon's Gold (1993) Last Act in Palmyra (1994) Time to Depart (1995) A Dying Light in Corduba (1996) Three Hands in the Fountain (1997) Two for the Lions (1998) One Virgin Too Many (1999) Ode to a Banker (2000) A Body in the Bath House (2001) The Jupiter Myth (2002) The Accusers (2003) Scandal Takes a Holiday (2004) See Delphi and Die (2005) Saturnalia (2007) Alexandria (2009) Nemesis (2010) Omnibus editions Falco on His Metal (1999) Venus in Copper The Iron Hand of Mars Poseidon's Gold Falco on the Loose (2003) Last Act in Palmyra Time to Depart A Dying Light in Corduba Associated publication Falco: The Official Companion (2010) Flavia Albia Novels The Ides of April (2013, Hodder & Stoughton, ) Enemies at Home (2014, Hodder & Stoughton () Deadly Election (2015, ) The Graveyard of the Hesperides (2016, Hodder & Stoughton, ) The Third Nero (2017, Hodder & Stoughton, ) Pandora's Boy (2018, Hodder & Stoughton, ) A Capitol Death (2019, Hodder & Stoughton, ) The Grove of the Caesars (2020, Hodder & Stoughton, ) A Comedy of Terrors (2021) () Desperate Undertaking (2022, Hodder & Stoughton, ) Fatal Legacy (2023, Hodder & Stoughton, ) Death on the Tiber (Work in progress ) Novellas The Spook Who Spoke Again (2015, ebook and audio only, ) Vesuvius by Night (2017, ebook and audio only, ) Invitation to Die (2019, ebook and audio only, ) Other novels The Course of Honour (1997) Rebels and Traitors (2009) Master and God (2012) A Cruel Fate (3 February 2014, ), (a QuickRead set in the English Civil War) Short stories "'Going Anywhere Nice?'" (2005), published in The Detection Collection, edited by Simon Brett. Awards and nominations Shortlisted for the Georgette Heyer Prize for two unpublished works (pre-Falco). Winner of the Author's Club Prize for "Best First Novel" in 1989 for The Silver Pigs. Winner of the Crime Writers' Association (CWA): Dagger in the Library for being an author "whose work has given most pleasure" in 1995. Winner of the first Ellis Peters Historical Dagger awarded by the Crime Writers' Association in 1999 for Two for the Lions. Winner of the Sherlock Award for the Best Comic Detective in 2000 for Didius Falco. Awarded the 2010 Premio Colosseo, awarded by the city of Rome to someone who "has enhanced the image of Rome in the world" Winner of the 2011 Cartier Diamond Dagger from the Crime Writers' Association Winner in 2013 of the first Barcelona Historical Novel Prize (Premi Internacional de Novella Històrica Barcino) References External links The official website of Lindsey Davis Interview with Lindsey Davis RandomHouse Publisher's newsletters Hodder & Stoughton Publisher's newsletters Lindsey Davis speaks to the Dorothy Dunnett Society 1h27m video of 2018 talk and Q&A session Lindsey Davis talks about The Grove of the Caesars, 28 March 2020 50 minute video: Davis talks about her life and writing 1949 births 20th-century English novelists 21st-century English novelists 20th-century English women writers 21st-century English women writers English crime fiction writers English mystery writers English women novelists Alumni of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford English historical novelists Writers of historical mysteries Living people Writers from Birmingham, West Midlands Writers of historical fiction set in antiquity Women mystery writers Women historical novelists Cartier Diamond Dagger winners Presidents of the Classical Association
In classical differential geometry, development refers to the simple idea of rolling one smooth surface over another in Euclidean space. For example, the tangent plane to a surface (such as the sphere or the cylinder) at a point can be rolled around the surface to obtain the tangent plane at other points. Properties The tangential contact between the surfaces being rolled over one another provides a relation between points on the two surfaces. If this relation is (perhaps only in a local sense) a bijection between the surfaces, then the two surfaces are said to be developable on each other or developments of each other. Differently put, the correspondence provides an isometry, locally, between the two surfaces. In particular, if one of the surfaces is a plane, then the other is called a developable surface: thus a developable surface is one which is locally isometric to a plane. The cylinder is developable, but the sphere is not. Flat connections Development can be generalized further using flat connections. From this point of view, rolling the tangent plane over a surface defines an affine connection on the surface (it provides an example of parallel transport along a curve), and a developable surface is one for which this connection is flat. More generally any flat Cartan connection on a manifold defines a development of that manifold onto the model space. Perhaps the most famous example is the development of conformally flat n-manifolds, in which the model-space is the n-sphere. The development of a conformally flat manifold is a conformal local diffeomorphism from the universal cover of the manifold to the n-sphere. Undevelopable surfaces The class of double-curved surfaces (undevelopable surfaces) contains objects that cannot be simply unfolded (developed). Such surfaces can be developed only approximately with some distortions of linear surface elements (see the Stretched grid method) See also Developable surface Ruled surface References Differential geometry Connection (mathematics)
Morimus granulipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1939. It is known from Myanmar. It's 14–15 mm long and 5.5–6.5 mm wide, and its type locality is Thandaung, Myanmar. References Phrissomini Beetles described in 1939 Taxa named by Stephan von Breuning (entomologist)
磷酸氯喹片的副作用（不良反应）？1 本品用于治疗疟疾时，不良反应较少，口服一般可能出现的反应有：头晕、头痛、眼花、食欲减退、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、皮肤瘙痒、皮疹、甚至剥脱性皮炎、耳鸣、烦躁等。反应大多较轻，停药后可自行消失。 2 在治疗肺吸虫病、华支睾吸虫病及结缔组织疾病时，用药量大，疗程长，可能会有较重的反应，常见者为对眼的毒性，因氯喹可由泪腺分泌，并由角膜吸收，在角膜上出现弥漫性白色颗粒，停药后可消失。 3 本品相当部分在组织内蓄积，久服可致视网膜轻度水肿和色素聚集，出现暗点，影响视力，常为不可逆。 4 氯喹还可损害听力，妊娠妇女大量服用可造成小儿先天性耳聋，智力迟钝、脑积水、四肢缺陷等。 5 氯喹偶可引起窦房结的抑制，导致心律失常、休克，严重时可发生阿-斯综合征，而导致死亡。 6 本品尚可导致药物性精神病、白细胞减少、紫瘢、皮疹、皮炎，光敏性皮炎乃至剥脱性皮炎、牛皮癣、毛发变白、脱毛、神经肌肉痛、轻度短暂头痛等。 7 溶血、再障、可逆性粒细胞缺乏症、血小板减少等较为罕见。
"Bagman" is the eighth episode of the fifth season of the American crime drama television series Better Call Saul, the spinoff series of Breaking Bad. Written by Gordon Smith and directed by Vince Gilligan, the episode aired on April 6, 2020, on AMC in the United States. Outside of the United States, the episode premiered in several countries on Netflix. In the episode, Jimmy McGill agrees to travel to the desert as a "bagman" to pick up the $7 million that will serve as bail money for Lalo Salamanca. While returning with the money, Jimmy finds himself in the middle of a shootout, where he is saved by Mike Ehrmantraut. Together, the pair begin their journey back to civilization, while Jimmy's wife, Kim Wexler, begins to get worried. The episode's director, Gilligan, said that "Bagman" was one of the most challenging episodes he had to direct in his career. "Bagman" took 18 days to film, which was nine days more than average episodes, and was shot on location at the Tohajiilee Indian Reservation, with Marshall Adams serving as a cinematographer for the episode. Additionally, Daniel and Luis Moncada made guest appearances in the episode as the Cousins, Leonel and Marco Salamanca. In its initial airing, "Bagman" was seen by 1.42 million viewers in the United States. The episode received universal acclaim from critics, who called it one of the best episodes of Better Call Saul. At the Primetime Emmy Awards, the episode received three nominations, for Outstanding Sound Editing, Outstanding Sound Mixing, and Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series. Plot The Cousins arrive at a Mexican cartel site to pick up Lalo Salamanca's bail money. As they depart, an informant makes a telephone call to report their presence. Lalo gives Jimmy McGill directions to a remote desert pickup site. Jimmy reluctantly agrees to pick up the money for $100,000. Lalo agrees on the price. Kim Wexler begs Jimmy not to go, saying he is an attorney, not a "bagman" for drug dealers, but he says he will do it because it will be easy and no one will suspect him of being the courier. The next morning, the Cousins deliver two duffel bags of cash to Jimmy at the pickup site. Soon after Jimmy starts his return trip, several vehicles cut him off. Numerous gunmen exit, take the money and prepare to kill him. The gunmen are suddenly attacked by an unknown shooter. All but one are killed and their vehicles are disabled. The surviving gunman escapes in the only drivable vehicle. The unseen shooter was Mike Ehrmantraut, who was tracking Jimmy for Gus Fring. Mike finds his truck was also disabled in the shootout, so he places a still-shaken Jimmy and the money in Jimmy's car and begins driving back to Albuquerque. Jimmy's car soon breaks down. With no cell phone coverage and no vehicle, they push the car over the edge of the road and walk cross-country with the money in order to avoid the surviving gunman. As they camp overnight, Jimmy tells Mike that Kim knows of his work for Lalo; Mike warns Jimmy that if she knows details about the Salamancas, Kim is now "in the game." Jimmy and Mike resume their trek the following morning. When Jimmy fails to return, Kim poses as Lalo's attorney to visit him in prison. She tells him she is Jimmy's wife and asks for Jimmy's location so she can search. Lalo refuses and tells her Jimmy will be fine because he is a survivor. A dehydrated and sunburned Jimmy reaches his limit and collapses, and Mike fails to motivate him to go on. Mike spots the surviving gunman, but rather than hide as Mike directs, Jimmy regains his motivation and walks into the road to attract the gunman's attention. When the gunman is close enough, Mike shoots and kills him. The gunman's vehicle flips and is destroyed. Jimmy and Mike resume walking, this time on the road. Production "Bagman" was directed by series co-creator Vince Gilligan, who considered the episode one of the most challenging episodes he had to direct in his career. Gilligan had made arrangements to direct one episode in the fifth season after completing post-production of El Camino: A Breaking Bad Movie. Both co-showrunner Peter Gould and writer Gordon Smith, knowing this would be Gilligan's episode, planned for his directorial skills and continually teased Gilligan that the episode was well-suited for him in the weeks prior to filming. They had compared the episode to Lawrence of Arabia in terms of how they wanted it to look, and even had considered renting out the lens used to film that movie, but were worried about the liability if they had damaged it. The episode took over 18 days to shoot, compared to the average of nine days for most other episodes. Most of the filming location was located on the To'hajiilee Indian Reservation, about two hours outside of Albuquerque by car, though the pickup location where Jimmy meets the Cousins was only about 15 minutes away from the Albuquerque studios. Gilligan credited his production team for making sure the cast and crew were protected from heat and had plenty of water to assure the shoot went on without any issues. Gilligan wanted Bob Odenkirk to employ method acting techniques, and did supply him with a pair of heavy tote bags to carry. Gilligan praised the script from Smith, which he felt established the bond between Mike and Jimmy that was seen in Breaking Bad but otherwise absent in Better Call Saul previously. Gilligan's associate producer Jenn Carroll and assistant Melissa Ng helped to identify elements to add to Smith's script to further connect the relationship between Mike and Jimmy to what was seen in Breaking Bad. The shootout scene between Mike and the gunmen was a challenge for Gilligan, and he considered it "the most complicated single scene I've ever directed". He wanted to have Odenkirk visible in all shots, even while the stuntmen and practical effects were going off around him, as to show the shootout from Jimmy's point of view as much as possible. The overall sequence took about four to five days to complete. To film the scene with the flipping truck while Jimmy was in-shot, a temporary green screen was placed on site. Odenkirk's reaction in front of the screen was filmed first, followed by the truck flip without changing the camera's location after Odenkirk and the screen were removed. The Suzuki Esteem that had been shot up and pushed into a gully was a duplicate of the one they normally used in filming; the original was still kept at the local studios, allowing them to reuse it for any later flashback scenes as needed. Reception Viewership In its initial broadcast, "Bagman" was watched by 1.42 million viewers in the United States, ranking 29th amongst other American original cable telecasts that aired the same day, and gained a 0.32 rating from the Nielsen Media Research firm. Critical response {{Quote box\|width=42%\|align=right\|quote="For a long time, the prequel series lacked an 'Ozymandias' – the Rian Johnson-directed, action-packed 60th episode of Breaking Bad ... 'Ozymandias' has been rightly heralded as a near-perfect mini-movie. And now, after five seasons, Better Call Saul has delivered an episode to rival Breaking Bad'''s best. What's more, Saul accomplished this remarkable feat without having to imitate its former series."\|author=—Bradley Russell}} "Bagman" received universal acclaim by critics, with many calling it one of the best episodes of the series. On Rotten Tomatoes, it received a 100% Certified Fresh rating with an average 9.83 out of 10 score based on 13 reviews. The critical consensus is, "Jimmy undergoes a trial by gunfire in 'Bagman,' an unpredictable installment that is given blockbuster suspense by Vince Gilligan's direction." The episode, with numerous long takes with Jimmy and Mike in desert scenes, has been visually and thematically compared to Gilligan's previous works in both El Camino and the Breaking Bad episode "4 Days Out", as well as to the 2007 film No Country for Old Men. Writing for Rolling Stone, Alan Sepinwall lauded the episode for its premise, cinematography, visuals, and acting, stating that "[Better Call Saul] can get hemmed in by the demands of being a prequel, particularly on the drug side of things, but its individual moments can feel even deeper and more artfully crafted." Steve Greene from IndieWire and Darren Franich of Entertainment Weekly both gave the episode a grade rating of an "A", with the pair praising the unpredictability of the episode as well as its visual style, and Franich calling it "a marvel to look at, scenes staged with sweaty-exquisite perfection". Nick Harley of Den of Geek gave the episode 5 out of 5 stars, who considered it to be one of the best of the series, especially praising Gilligan's direction. Kenny Herzog of Vulture also gave the episode 5 out of 5 stars, noting that Kim's decision to ask Lalo about Jimmy's whereabouts was a consequential decision that would cause her to be "in the game." Donna Bowman of The A.V. Club gave the episode an "A" rating, praising the character developments of Saul and Kim, as well as the main desert sequences. David Segal, from The New York Times, lauded the episode's ending, stating that "It takes nerve and skill to tell a story as grueling as the one told in "Bagman". There is no end. At least there is no end to the suffering." On April 11, TVLine'' named Bob Odenkirk and Jonathan Banks the "Performers of the Week" for their performances in this episode. Accolades References External links at AMC Better Call Saul (season 5) episodes 2020 American television episodes Television episodes directed by Vince Gilligan Television episodes set in Mexico
天主教聖佩德羅蘇拉教區（、）是洪都拉斯一個羅馬天主教教區，屬特古西加爾巴總教區。聖佩德羅蘇拉系座代牧區成立於1916年2月2日，1963年7月6日升為教區。教區位於科爾特斯省，2011年有教友900,000人（佔轄區總人口57.3%）、卅二個堂區、五十九名司鐸。現任教區主教為安赫爾·加拉查納·佩雷斯。參考 S
Jackson Chanet (born February 7, 1978) is a French boxer best known for winning the 2000 European Amateur Boxing Championships heavyweight title. Amateur career Chanet was French heavyweight (201 lb limit) champ from 1998- 2000. At the Euros he defeated Sebastian Köber (Germany), Magomed Aripgadjiev (Azerbaijan) and Emil Garai (Hungary) before earning a DQ victory over Russian southpaw Sultan Ibragimov DSQ-4 to win the European heavyweight crown. At the Olympics he lost the rematch against Ibragimov. Professional career At the pros he fought largely at super middleweight (168 lb), 31 lb less than as an amateur. He also won a European title against Vitali Tsypko in 2005 but was KOd by Armenian Mger Mkrtchyan in his first defense. In 2006 he lost to David Gogiya. External links 1978 births Living people People from Saint-Dizier Heavyweight boxers Boxers at the 2000 Summer Olympics Olympic boxers for France French male boxers Sportspeople from Haute-Marne European Boxing Union champions
Nahrin is a town in Baghlan Province in north-eastern Afghanistan. It is the capital of Nahrin District. See also Baghlan Province References External links Satellite map at Maplandia.com Populated places in Baghlan Province
络石藤的栽培技术有哪些?？采用播种、压条、扦插繁殖。通常以压条为主，在2～3月把老藤分段埋入土中，深3-4cm，待至翌年被埋压的部分长出新根时，剪断与老藤的联系，另行移栽。
栅枝垫柳（学名：）为杨柳科柳属的植物，是中国的特有植物。分布于中国大陆的云南、四川等地，生长于海拔4,000米的地区，一般生于裸露的岩石上，目前尚未由人工引种栽培。参考文献栅枝垫柳
George Augustus Lumley-Saunderson, 5th Earl of Scarbrough (22 September 1753 – 5 September 1807), styled Viscount Lumley until 1782, was a British peer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1774 to 1780. Background Scarbrough was the eldest son of Richard Lumley-Saunderson, 4th Earl of Scarbrough, and Barbara Savile, daughter of Sir George Savile, 7th Baronet. He was educated at Eton College from 1764 to 1770 and was admitted at King's College, Cambridge in 1771. Political career Scarbrough was elected in a contest as Member of Parliament for Lincoln on his father's interest at the 1774 general election. He stood for Lincoln again in 1780, but was defeated. In 1782 he succeeded his father in the earldom and entered the House of Lords. Later life Lord Scarbrough died in September 1807, aged 53. He never married and was succeeded by his younger brother, Richard. References 1753 births 1807 deaths People educated at Eton College Alumni of King's College, Cambridge Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies British MPs 1774–1780 Politics of Lincoln, England Earls of Scarbrough
甲状旁腺功能亢进的病理是什么?？有腺瘤、增生和腺癌三种。腺瘤最多见，占78～90％。大多为单个腺瘤，少数有2个或2个以上腺瘤，增生约占10～20％，多数 4个甲状旁腺腺体都增生肥大。至今尚无明确区分腺瘤和增生的形态标准。腺癌约占3％，瘤体比腺瘤大，往往在颈部可以摸到。发展缓慢，切除后可再生长,可有淋巴结和远处转移,可侵及肺、肝和骨等脏器。约3％的病人患多发性内分泌腺瘤,其中合并垂体瘤和胰腺肿瘤者称多发性内分泌腺瘤型；合并甲状腺髓样癌和嗜铬细胞瘤者称多发性内分泌腺瘤型。
Rampur Bilaspur is a town in Kanchanpur District in Sudurpashchim Province of south-western Nepal. The former village development committee was converted into Municipality merging with existing Rampur Bilaspur, Laxmipur, Mahakali and Sreepur, Mahakali village development committee on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 11,841 people living in 1650 individual households. References Populated places in Kanchanpur District
《客籍法和镇压叛乱法案》（Alien and Sedition Acts）是美国联邦党掌控的通过的四項法律。于1798年由美国总统约翰·亚当斯签署。這些法律增加了移民成为美国公民的难度(《歸化法》6.18生效)，允许总统囚禁并遣返被认为是危险人物或来自敌对国家的非美国公民，将批评美国联邦政府的非真实言论入刑。该法律出台于美法短暂冲突期间，两年后作废。批评者认为该法律违反了美国宪法第一修正案。为表示反对托马斯·杰斐逊和詹姆斯·麦迪逊匿名提出了《肯塔基及弗吉尼亚决议案》。内乱罪美国政治迫害美国历史 (1789年-1849年) 1798年美国美國法律
AGS-30「阿特蘭」（；Атлант，，意為：阿特蘭；俄罗斯国防部火箭炮兵装备总局代號：／）是一挻由前苏联（現在是俄罗斯）KBP儀器設計廠所研製及生產的30毫米自動榴弹发射器，是AGS-17的改進型，發射無彈殼榴彈。 AGS-30可裝設在三腳架、车辆、船隻和直升機以上使用。其設計的目的是摧毀敵方人員及載具，以保護使用方的步兵連。AGS-30已經被俄羅斯軍隊所採用。設計 AGS-30與AGS-17一樣是班用步兵支援武器，設計上是安裝在三腳架上或安裝在裝甲戰鬥車輛載具上。它在重量方面變得比AGS-17更為輕便（上彈以後的重量比起AGS-17下降了接近一半）、大大提高其流動性、便攜性（以小組為單位而言，它可以被很容易地分解並且摺疊，並且只由一個人攜帶或是在戰場上快速部署）以下仍然有同樣地可靠的性能，但有著更遠的射程、更高的射速和更好的精度。AGS-30具有更平滑的榴彈發射機構，以減輕發射時的後座力。AGS-30-{只}-有全自動射擊模式以簡化操作。 AGS-30使用改進型的後座作用原理的槍機結構，冷卻方式更順暢和顯著，以保持操作。每發榴彈在發射時，都會從膛線槍管射出，並且會迅速運動以減少槍管的高壓火藥燃氣的壓力。除了減少了後座力，榴彈彈射機構亦更為平滑。 AGS-30的榴彈都裝在一具重量大約是14公斤（30.86磅）的金屬製彈鼓內，並且以不可散式彈鏈連接在一起。使用時彈鼓會鉤掛在機匣右側以防止掉落。彈鼓標準容量為30發榴彈（有異說為29發）。使用特別設計的改進型榴彈以後，AGS-30可以攻擊2,300公尺（2,515.31码）的主要目標並且造成極端的殺傷力。 AGS-30的三腳架為SAG-30（俄罗斯国防部火箭炮兵装备总局代號：），配有良好的平整彈道功能，由其是提供間接火力的時候。不使用的時候亦可將其摺疊以便運輸和攜帶。有意思的是，和AGS-17的三腳架的相異之處就是扳機位於右側的握把，而握把則安裝在不可或缺的三腳架搖架上，而不是直接安裝在槍體上，這是為了射擊時更容易控制和舒適。 AGS-30可裝上光學瞄準鏡，放大倍率為2.7倍，並具有夜間照明的功能，瞄準鏡拆卸以後可放在專用攜行袋內。發展前蘇聯解散以後，俄罗斯發現在第一次車臣戰爭時，自己方面處於一個劣勢。在1979年阿富汗战争以上，由於AGS-17的設計的成功，以致在1990年代初，KBP儀器設計局（前為為OKB-16設計局，位於俄罗斯城市圖拉）立即開始新型榴彈發射器的設計工作。俄羅斯軍隊需要一款可以在幾秒鐘以內很容易地對武裝分子藏身的建筑物進行搜索和瞄準他們攻擊的武器。全新設計的武器被證明非常可靠和致命。這款武器的另一項改進是它能夠保持令敵人難以偵測—減少發射時發出的聲音、和AGS-30發射的榴彈擁有閃電般的槍口初速，都使得AGS-30很難察覺。它幾乎可以在任何地方正常地操作—將榴彈發射到建築物的窗口、泥地或是草地的表面。從1999年開始，AGS-30由俄罗斯科夫罗夫的（；）量產。2002年，AGS-30正式獲得採用。彈藥 AGS-30和AGS-17一樣發射口徑（不可散式彈鏈接接）钢彈殼榴彈，有效致命半徑為7—9公尺（7.66—9.84码）。目前AGS-30可以發射兩種類型的彈藥，分別是： VOG-17：這是原來可用的30毫米榴彈，只有基本版本的定時引信。 VOG-17M：這是原來可用的30毫米榴彈的改進型版本，並且裝有基本的彈頭設計。榴彈的引信自毀時間為25—27秒。 VOG-30：這是一種類似於VOG-17M的榴彈，但具有更好的爆炸物填充料和增強破片分散方面的設計，大大增加了爆炸的有效半径。 GPD-30：2003年投入批量生產的榴彈，採用了特殊設計，可打擊超過2,000公尺（2,187.23码，6,561.68英尺，1.24英里）的目標。使用國：由（簡稱：OFT）在兵工厂委员会（簡稱：OFB）以下本土生產。流行文化电子游戏 2006年—《-{zh-hans:武装突袭; zh-hant:武裝行動;}-》：安裝在越野车上。 2009年—《-{zh-hans:武装突袭2; zh-hant:武裝行動2;}-》：由黑俄羅斯國防軍（CDF）、俄羅斯武裝部隊和黑俄羅斯紅星運動所使用，裝上車輛載具上並且合稱為「 AGS-30」。 2010年—《-{zh-hans:使命召唤：黑色行动; zh-hant:決勝時刻：黑色行動;}-》：以雙重武器的形象出現，僅在戰役模式出現。於關卡「Rebirth」中安裝在由美國海軍陸戰隊控制的BTR-60之上，並由玩家角色傑森·哈迪森所使用，奇怪地會在1960年代出現。 2016年—《逃离塔克夫》：在游戏中部分地图作为固定武器出现。 2018年—《少女前線》：萌擬人化的複數少女戰術人形，為首先登場的三組重裝部隊之一。圖集相關條目手榴彈、槍榴彈 AGS-17烈火自動榴彈發射器，前身 RGM-40榴彈發射器 RGS-50榴彈發射器 GP-25附加型榴彈發射器 RG-6轉輪式榴彈發射器 AGS-40／6G27自動榴彈發射器 D型消聲榴彈發射器 DP-64榴彈發射器扎斯塔瓦M93 BGA自動榴彈發射器 XM174自動榴彈發射器 Mk 19自動榴彈發射器，由美国通用动力製造的自動榴彈發射器 Mk 47自動榴彈發射器 XM307自動榴彈發射器，已停止開發、採用25毫米智能化榴彈的自動榴彈發射器 HK GMG自動榴彈發射器，由德国黑克勒-科赫製造的自動榴彈發射器 CIS 40 AGL自动榴弹发射器，由新加坡製造的自動榴彈發射器 CZW RAG-30自动榴弹发射器丹尼爾Y3自動榴彈發射器，由南非製造的自動榴彈發射器 SB LAG 40自動榴彈發射器，由西班牙製造的自動榴彈發射器 87式自動榴彈發射器 04式自动榴弹发射器俄羅斯槍械列表資料來源註釋參考文獻 —《輕兵器》雜誌— 2013年11月上號：《2013—2014简氏步兵武器年鉴》前言 2014年9月上號：俄罗斯AGS-30自动榴弹发射器 2015年2月下號：《2014～2015简氏步兵武器年鉴》前言 2015年5月下號：2014年国外近战武器发展回顾外部連結 —KBP官方網站 —V.A.Degtyarev Plant —Modern Firearms—AGS-30 grenade launcher / machine gun —Weapon.ge—KBP AGS-30 —Zonawar.ru—AGS-30 automatic mounted grenade launcher —weaponsystems.net－AGS-17 —Military, Security and Civilian Guns and Equipment—KBP AGS-30 AGL — —АГС-30 —Видео на RuTube.ru: Военное дело: Гранатометы. АГС-17 «Пламя», АГС-30. —АГС-30 - Характеристики, Описание + ФОТО! —Open Joint Stock Company "V.A.Degtyarev Plant" / AGS-30 30 mm antipersonnel automatic grenade launching system —D Boy Gun World（槍炮世界）—AGS-30自动榴弹发射器 —俄新網—俄羅斯展示世界最輕的自動榴彈發射器（視頻） 30毫米口径武器榴弹发射器全自動型榴彈發射器俄羅斯槍械俄聯邦儀器設計局捷格加廖夫工廠
装饰材料（建筑装饰材料），主要用于装饰建筑物内外墙壁、制作内墙，并在装饰的基础上实现部分使用功能。种类装饰材料按用途分，主要分为两类：室内装饰材料与室外装饰材料。按照材料材质及形状来分，室内装饰材料可以分为板材、片材、型材、线材，而材料则有涂料、实木、压缩板、复合材料、夹芯结构材料、泡沫、毛毯等等；室外装饰材料主要有水泥砂浆、剁假石、水磨石、彩砖、瓷砖、尤其、陶瓷面砖、玻璃幕墙、铝合金等。常用的室内装饰材料有涂料、胶合板、实木、复合材料、夹层结构材料等。涂料主要有以下几类：低档水溶性涂料、乳胶漆、多彩喷涂、膏状内墙涂料。胶合板：为内墙饰面板中的主要类型，按其层数可分为三合板、五合板等，按其树种可分为水曲柳、榉木、楠木、柚木等板材。实木：常用于制作装饰板、地板等，常见的木种有水曲柳、杨木、松木、橡木等。复合材料及夹层结构材料：如今越来越多的复合材料及夹层结构材料产品也已被用于室内装饰，并用于制作诸如家具、内墙、地板、防火层等，由于复合材料和夹层结构材料较传统的胶合板及实木具有更好的环保性能、加工性能及强度，因此已经被越来越广泛的应用于室内装饰中。以PET泡沫及以巴沙轻木（BALTEK木）为芯材的夹层结构材料为例，PET泡沫芯材具有良好的隔热、防火性能，而且成本较低、重量轻且强度良好；而以BALTEK作为芯材的夹层结构材料则具有良好的防潮性能，且重量轻、强度好。参考文献材料
Jihad al-Akbar is the lectures of Imam Khomeini in Najaf, which was published in 1991 by the institute for compilation and publication of Imam Khomeini's works. Etymology Jihad in Islam means striving way of God.(al-jihad fi sabil Allah) In the Islamic view, jihad is two types: External jihad ( physical jihad): Jihad (the help of God's religion) is with pen or tongue or sword. Inner jihad ( spiritual or jihad al-nafs ): Jihad al-nafs is against all evil, anger, lust, insatiable imagination and any other bad morality in humans. Ja'far al-Sadiq, the sixth Imam of Shiites, said: “The Muhammad dispatched a military unit to the battlefront for defense. Upon their (successful) return, he said to them "Blessed are the people who did the jihad al-Asghar" but yet jihad al-Akbar has remained. Practices of the Religion jihad al-nafs was called jihad al-Akbar and physical jihad was called jihad al-Asghar. Context In this book, Imam Khomeini Orders to Persons and students and clerics who do Jihad al-nafs. "It is necessary that you purify yourself so that when you become a head of an institution or a community you purify them and in this way take a step to rectify and build a society". Find a good teacher and participate in ethics classes."The possibility of evil propagation and unclean hands intervening and portraying the phenomenon of having an ethical programme of rectifying one-self as unimportant eventually corrupts the hawza". In the thought of Imam Khomeini, human learns to Loss of worldly likings and self-giving to God. Imam says: People should not be proud of reaching a high position (scientific, material, political, etc). See also Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist Tahrir al-Wasilah The Unveiling of Secrets Forty Hadith of Ruhullah Khomeini Kashf al-Asrar References 1940 non-fiction books Ruhollah Khomeini Shia literature Political science books Islamist works Iranian Revolution Books of lectures
Vincenzo Ferrari (died 1579) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Umbriatico (1578–1579) and Bishop of Montepeloso (1564–1578 and 1550–1561). Biography On 5 Nov 1550, Vincenzo Ferrari was appointed during the papacy of Pope Julius III as Bishop of Montepeloso. He resigned in 1561. On 16 Oct 1564, he was reappointed during the papacy of Pope Pius IV as Bishop of Montepeloso. On 2 Jun 1578, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Umbriatico. He served as Bishop of Umbriatico until his death in 1579. References External links and additional sources (Chronology of Bishops) (Chronology of Bishops) (for Chronology of Bishops) (for Chronology of Bishops) 16th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops Bishops appointed by Pope Julius III Bishops appointed by Pope Pius IV Bishops appointed by Pope Gregory XIII 1579 deaths
特里斯蒂納足球俱樂部（ Unione Sportiva Triestina ）是意大利的一家足球俱樂部。主場設在意大利弗留利-威尼斯朱利亞大區城市的里雅斯特。俱樂部成立於1918年。俱樂部上一次參加意大利足球甲級聯賽則是在1958年。1994年，因俱樂部破產，所以被迫重建，并由Giorgio Del Sabato重新成立俱樂部。球隊的代表色是紅色和白色。主要的競爭對手是烏迪內斯、維琴察、威尼斯。意大利足球俱樂部 1918年建立的足球俱樂部
J2可以指： J2，香港電視廣播有限公司的其中一個數碼高清頻道。日本職業足球乙級聯賽（J2 League），日本的次級組別職業聯賽，簡稱J2。
《回來吧大叔》（，, ）為韓國SBS於2016年2月24日起播出的特別劇，由鄭智薰、金吝勸、金秀路、吳漣序、李珉廷及李荷妮主演，《屋塔房王世子》、《醜八怪警報》申允燮導演執導以及《醜女大翻身》盧惠英編劇執筆。改編自日本作家淺田次郎的小說《椿山課長之七日間》，講述突然離世但依然非常眷戀凡間的金英洙（金吝勸飾）以另一個身份李海俊（鄭智薰飾）回到人間完成生前遺憾的故事。演員陣容主要人物李海俊／金英洙周邊人物韓奇卓／洪蘭周邊人物百貨公司相關人物 Re Life相關人物其他人物原聲帶 Part.1（2016年2月25日發行） Part.2（2016年3月3日發行） Part.3（2016年3月10日發行） Part.4（2016年3月17日發行） Part.5（2016年3月24日發行） Part.6（2016年3月31日發行） Part.7（2016年4月7日發行） Part.8（2016年4月14日發行）收視率 *收視最低的集數以表示，收視最高的集數以表示，而空格則表示該集的收視沒有相關數據。同時段競爭節目 KBS：《太陽的後裔》 MBC：《再一次 Happy Ending》、《Goodbye Mr. Black》提名&獲獎列表記事女主角的最初人選原定為姜素拉，經其婉拒之後，洪蘭一角最終確定由吳漣序出演。此劇雖然在收視上不敵同檔的劇《太陽的後裔》，但在各大網站是幾乎100%好評，認為故事情節新穎及吸引；並讚賞Rain及吳漣序的演技精湛，能夠生動地表現去世前的金英洙及韓基卓的性格。而且不少網民為此劇抱不平，認為是因為遇上強勁敵手《太陽的後裔》才令收視有所影響。參考資料註釋引由外部連結韓國SBS官方網站 C C C C C C C C
"Unsightly and Serene" was the second release made by the Manchester post-punk band, Crispy Ambulance. It was also their first release on Factory Records, as they were signed to the label with the help of Rob Gretton who, after the death of Ian Curtis in May 1980, became a director of the label. As a member of the band said in an interview: "Tony never liked us, but suffered us because Rob liked what we did. Since he had become an equal shareholder, Tony had no choice but to bite his lip." Track listing Not What I Expected (4:00) Deaf (3:54) References 1980 singles 1980 songs Factory Records singles
議會規模立方根法則（）是一個政治學理論，指一個國家議會理想代表人數為人口的立方根，此法則是1972年由Rein Taagepera所提出的。此法則導致有人提出要擴大美國眾議院的規模，以便眾議會議員人數達到美國人口的立方根。自1929年重新分配法案通過以來，眾議院有435名議員。如果美國遵循立方根法則，眾議院將有693名成員。經合組織成員議會情況參考資料政治
新生儿腹泻是什么样的？新生儿的消化功能不成熟，发育又信息论快，所需热量和营养物质多，一旦喂养或护理不当，就容易发生腹泻。爸爸妈妈要清楚造成宝宝腹泻的原因，尽量避免人为因素给宝宝造成腹泻。想要知道新生儿为何腹泻，可以通过判断大便的形状查明原因，那么新生儿腹泻是什么样的呢？1、生理性腹泻。新生儿肠道功能都发育的不完善，不同喂养方式，腹泻的大便也存在显着差异。对于母乳喂养的新生儿，一天的大便会多达7到8次，有的小宝宝甚至会有10-12次的大便。粪便通常较薄，呈淡黄色。随着新生儿的成长，大便的次数也会慢慢的减少。2、喂养不当引起的腹泻。有些孕妇在生完孩子后，由于某种原因奶水不足，只能让新生儿喝奶粉，因为给新生儿喂的奶粉太浓，奶粉不合适，等等都会很容易引起新生儿腹泻。症状是大便含有泡沫，有着酸或腐烂的味道，常伴有食欲不好，呕吐、哭泣的等等的症状。3、病毒或者是细菌感染。轮状病毒会引起秋冬季新生儿腹泻，发病时会伴有呕吐、发热的情况，如不及时处理，可出现脱水症状，应特别注意。大便症状呈淡黄色或蛋花状，量大并没有脓，应考虑是轮状病毒感染。如果粪便中含有粘液脓性血液，应考虑细菌性肠炎。4、食物过敏大约2%~7%的宝宝会对奶粉蛋白质过敏，有遗传性过敏体质的新生儿更容易产生对奶粉蛋白质的过敏症状。5、感冒着凉在宝宝患感冒或着凉时常伴有腹泻症状，因此，只要把感冒治好，腹泻也就自然痊愈了。从上面我们知道了新生儿腹泻一些内容，预防细菌性腹泻主要是注意严格消毒喂养婴儿用的奶瓶、奶锅等物。一般奶瓶和奶嘴用水煮30分钟即可杀死所有的细菌。牛奶要煮沸饮用。禁止给幼儿吃在冰箱内放置时间较长的食品及饮料和不干净的食物。
Myrmeleon is an ant-lion genus in the subfamily Myrmeleontinae. Species in the genus feed on ants and some are themselves prey for the dune cricket Schizodactylus inexspectatus. Species See also Myrmecophagy References External links Myrmeleontidae genera Myrmeleontinae
吉非替尼的禁忌是什么?？已知对该活性物质或该产品任一赋形剂有严重超敏反应者。
William Milton Breakenridge (December 25, 1846 – January 31, 1931) was an American lawman, teamster, railroader, soldier and author. Early life Breakenridge was born in Watertown, Wisconsin, to George D. and Elisa Ann Breakenridge. United States Census records from 1850 and 1860 indicate that he had an older brother, an older sister, and a younger sister. After leaving Wisconsin at the age of 16, Breakenridge joined the United States Army, eventually serving under Colonel John Chivington with the Colorado Territorial Militia during the Sand Creek Massacre (also known as the Chivington massacre). Following his stint with the army, he moved on to Arizona, eventually ending up in Phoenix where he became a Maricopa County deputy sheriff. Tombstone, Arizona After staying in Phoenix for about a year, Breakenridge went south to Cochise County and the growing mining town of Tombstone. He served as a deputy sheriff under Cochise County Sheriff Behan during the 1880s at the time of the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral. Most old-west historians consider Breakenridge, like his boss Behan, to have been a friend to the local outlaw cowboys. Ike Clanton filed murder charges against Wyatt, Virgil and Morgan Earp along with Doc Holliday for killing Billy Clanton, Frank McLaury and Tom McLaury in the shoot out. Later life and Helldorado After leaving Tombstone shortly after the gunfight at the OK Corral, Breakenridge later served as a deputy U.S. marshal, a surveyor, and as a claims agent for the Southern Pacific Railroad. In 1927, according to historian David Leighton, Wyatt Earp returned to Tucson, likely for the last time, and met with Breakenridge at the Old Pueblo Club. While the purpose of the meeting remains unknown, it might have been to informally obtain information from Earp, for Breakenridge's future book. In 1928, he became a published author with the release of his memoirs of life in Tombstone and the old west, Helldorado: Bringing the Law to the Mesquite. Critics of the book, including Wyatt Earp and his wife Josie, claimed that much of what Breakenridge wrote was biased and more fiction than factual. Although Breakenridge met with Earp in Los Angeles to interview him, the picture he painted of Earp was less than flattering. Portrayed as a thief, pimp, crooked gambler, and murderer, Earp loudly protested the book's contents until his death in 1929, and his wife continued in the same vein afterward. Nonetheless, the book was a success and generated so much interest that Tombstone's citizens joined together in 1929 to create an annual October celebration, Helldorado Days, commemorating the gunfight at the OK Corral. The celebration continues today. Death Breakenridge died before dawn from cardiac failure on January 31, 1931, aged 84, in Tucson, Arizona. His death certificate stated that he had previously undergone surgery for cardiac problems. He is buried in Evergreen Cemetery in Tucson. References 1846 births 1931 deaths American deputy sheriffs Lawmen of the American Old West People from Cochise County, Arizona People from Watertown, Wisconsin
S/2003 J 4是环绕木星运行的一颗卫星。它在2003年被由Scott S. Sheppard領導的夏威夷大學一個天文小組發現。概述 S/2003 J 4的直徑約1公里，公轉軌道的平均半徑為23.571 Gm，公轉周期739.294日，軌道傾角147°，軌道離心率為0.3003。參考資料木星的卫星帕西法爾衛星群
克里尼奇納河（），是烏克蘭的河流，位於該國東北部，流經蘇梅州，屬於沃爾斯克拉河的支流，河道全長11公里，發源自莫申卡，河口處在米海連科韋以南。蘇梅州河流
Gargela hastatela is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Shi-Mei Song, Fu-Qiang Chen and Chun-Sheng Wu in 2009. It is found in Sichuan, China. References Crambinae Moths described in 2009 Moths of Asia
一般青春痘会长多长时间？青春痘真的是好讨厌呢，从十几岁就开始长，不过有的人长的多，有的人长得少，根据个人的皮肤不一样，所以青春痘的长势也不一样。有的人长几天就没了，而有的人从十几岁一直能长到二十几岁，快二十三十岁。一般干性肤质的人青春痘会长得少一点，而油性肤质的人青春痘相对来说就会涨的好多由于皮肤分泌分油脂太多了所以堵塞了毛孔，诱发了青春痘的严重发生。青春痘究竟长到多少岁才不长，是要根据个人的皮肤差异而决定的，干性肤质，年轻的时候长痘少，光滑漂亮，而油性肤质相对来说，青春痘就会长得比较多，比较时间长。不过这也并不是什么坏事，年轻的时候，不过脸上有些青春痘，但是到了三十以后，油性肤质的人就会显得衰老的比较慢，皱纹也长得慢。青春痘并不是皮肤病，只是到了不同的年龄段而产生的身体反映而已，是很正常的现象，不用那么排斥的。只要人长得漂亮，就算有青春痘又怎么样，不会影响大局的。所以不用对青春痘特别的排斥，只要顺其自然心情好，经常给皮肤除一除油青春痘也会少一些的。干性肤质长青春痘的几率很少，除非是皮肤感染，一般情况下是不太会长青春痘的。油性皮肤有时候长的青春痘就比较夸张有时候青春痘的痘立会非常的大非常的看上去就很疼的样子。治疗的关键在于建立信心，适应自然，接受现实，正确对待现实生活中的挫折和疾病，发挥个人优势，克服人格弱点，振兴精神，适当寻求解放方法，寻求社会心理支持，维护法律生活和充足的睡眠。参加一些体育锻炼，娱乐休闲。
胃溃疡的饮食注意什么？胃溃疡饮食要加强营养应选用易消化、含足够热量、蛋白质和维生素丰富的食物。如稀饭、细面条、牛奶、软米饭、豆浆、鸡蛋、瘦肉、豆腐和豆制品；富含维生素A、B、C的食物，如新鲜蔬菜和水果等。这些食物可以增强机体抵抗力，有助于修复受损的组织和促进溃疡愈合。泛酸多的患者应少用牛奶。限制多渣食物应避免吃油煎、油炸食物以及含粗纤维较多的芹菜、韭菜、豆芽、火腿、腊肉、鱼干及各种粗粮。这些食物不仅粗糙不易消化，而且还会引起胃液大量分泌，加重胃的负担。但经过加工制成菜泥等易消化的食物可以食用。不吃刺激性大的食物禁吃刺激胃酸分泌的食物，如肉汤、生葱、生蒜、浓缩果汁、咖啡、酒、浓茶等，以及过甜、过酸、过咸、过热、生、冷、硬等食物。甜食可增加胃酸分泌，刺激溃疡面加重病情；过热食物刺激溃疡面，引起疼痛，层至使溃疡面血管扩张而引起出血；辛辣食物刺激渍疡面，使胃酸分泌增加；过冷、过硬食物不易消化，可加重病情。另外，溃疡病人还应戒烟，烟草中的尼古丁能改变胃液的酸碱度，扰乱胃幽门正常活动，诱发或加重溃疡病。烹调要恰当以蒸、烧、炒、炖等法为佳。煎、炸、烟熏等烹制的菜不易消化，在胃内停留时间较长，影响溃疡面的愈合。制订合理的饮食制度吃饭定时定量，细嚼慢咽，少说话，不看书报，不看电视；保持思想松弛，精神偷快。在溃疡活动期，以进食流质或半流质、易消化、富有营养的食物为好。以前有学者为溃疡病人制定了少吃多餐制，以避免过饱或过饥。近年来研究认为，尽管进食可暂时缓解疼痛，但少食多餐不断地刺激胃酸分泌，使胃酸分泌整曰处在活跃状态，显然不利于溃疡病愈合。因此，除急性发作期并发出血、呕血时短期少食多餐外，平时应坚持一曰三餐规律进食。胃溃疡容易导致出血，穿孔或是癌变的，是需要重视的，及时规范的治疗是关键
La Prensa Texas is an American bilingual semi-weekly newspaper based in San Antonio, Texas. Florentino "Tino" J. Durán (1934–2017) and his wife of years (since 1954), Amelia ("Mellie") Durán (née Jimenez; born 1936), founded it in 1989 and are the publishers under the auspices of Duran Duran Industries, Inc., a Texas corporation formed March 17, 1989. Brief history La Prensa Texas is not legally related to the historic San Antonio publication La Prensa that ran from 1913 to 1963, but the Durán's founded it to serve as a restoration, or as they put it, "a resurrection" — people connected with the publication have community and familial connections to people connected with the historic publication. Amelia Durán's father, Rogelio Jiménez (1914–1990), uncles, and grandfather worked for the original La Prensa newspaper as typesetters and printers from the 1920s through the 1950s. Management Florentino "Tino" Durán Before founding La Presna, Tino Durán held several public service positions, including Executive Assistant the San Antonio Mayor John Gatti from 1971 to 1973, Executive Director for the Housing Authority of Bexar County from 1975 to 1980, President of the National Association of Hispanic Publications from 1990 to 1995, and Executive Vice-President of the San Antonio Hispanic Chamber of Commerce from 1983 to 1985. In January 1994, Tino Durán was inducted into the Texas Newspaper Foundation Hall of Fame, which is sponsored by the Texas Press Association. Amelia Durán Recognition for Amelia Durán's community service includes a 1999 Hometown Hero Award presented by Time Warner Cable, the San Antonio Business Journal’s Women's Leadership Award in 2004, the LULAC Recognition Award in 1996, and a 1998 Yellow Rose of Texas award presented by Governor George W. Bush. The Yellow Rose of Texas award, established in the 1950s by Governor Allan Shivers, is conferred through the Office of the Texas Governor to recognize exceptional women for contributions to their communities and to Texas in the preservation of its history, the accomplishments of its present, and the building of its future. Next generation Duráns Steve A Duran Sr (born 1957), Tino's son, is the CEO/Publisher. Nina Marie Durán (born 1981), Tino's daughter. References 1989 establishments in Texas Mass media in San Antonio Spanish-language newspapers published in Texas Newspapers established in 1989
海尔纳德（匈牙利语：），是匈牙利佩斯州所辖的一个村。总面积27.06平方公里，总人口4064，人口密度150.2人/平方公里（2011年1月1日）。参考文献佩斯州居民地
宫颈糜烂轻度需要治疗吗？宫颈糜烂是很常见的妇科病，但是轻度的宫颈糜烂是否需要接受治疗呢？大多数的轻度宫颈糜烂是正常的生理现象。宫颈糜烂是以前教科书的说法，现在称之为宫颈柱状上皮异位，是一种正常的生理现象。如果只是单纯的宫颈糜烂，不伴有炎症，无明显症状的情况下是不需要治疗的。轻度的宫颈糜烂而且经过检查其他方面也没有问题，一般是不需要治疗的，轻度的宫颈糜烂，糜烂面小于宫颈表面的三分之一，建议可以做宫颈tct检查和HPV的监测，如果经过检查这些指标都是在正常的范围内，是不需要治疗的，可以每年定期复查宫颈tct等，并且在平时避免意外怀孕和流产，适当的节制房事，如果没有频繁的出血或者是腹痛一般也问题不大，是不需要治疗的。宫颈糜烂是局部宫颈雌激素水平增高引起的一种反应。因此轻度宫颈糜烂不需要治疗，也不存在好与坏。绝经以后雌激素水平下降，几乎不存在宫颈糜烂，所以宫颈糜烂是一个年轻的表现，不需要担心。宫颈糜烂患者如果白带正常，不黄不多，可以不用处理。如果出现白带增多、白带黄，给予相应宫颈治疗就行。如果不放心可及时到正规医院找正规医生就诊，医生会给予相应的指导。为避免加重宫颈糜烂，生活上要注意穿纯棉宽松的内衣，饮食宜清淡多吃水果蔬菜及清淡食物，并要注意休息。注意各关键时期的卫生保健因为很多女性非常容易感染此病，所以一定要注意卫生保健，尤其是经期、妊娠期及产后期。保持外阴清洁保持外阴清洁是非常必要的，而且应定期去医院做检查，做到早发现、早治疗，同时避免不洁性交。为了自己的身体，即使是不用治疗的轻度疾病，也要注意让其消除，以绝后患。
焦虑症泡什么花茶喝好？焦虑症也称为焦虑障碍，又称为焦虑性神经症，是一种以焦虑为主的神经症，以广泛性焦虑症和发作性惊恐状态为主要的临床表现，发病率高，女性发病率高于男性，并且有一定的家族集聚性；焦虑达到病理性症状的患者需要到医院就诊。焦虑症可以喝以下几种花茶：1、玫瑰花茶，玫瑰花茶具有疏肝解郁，健脾降火和血散淤等功效，玫瑰花茶能治腹中冷痛，胃浣积寒，顺行血气、安神、通便，降火气，可调理血气、促进血液循环，能活血化瘀，可缓和情绪，调整内分泌。2、菊花茶，经常喝花茶可有效舒缓神经，广泛性焦虑症患者经常喝甘菊茶，可缓解压力和改善焦虑症状。3、绿茶，绿茶富含独特的游离氨基酸L-茶氨酸。L-茶氨酸是一种镇静剂，可直接或间接影响神经化学物质的水平，每天摄入适量的L-茶氨酸有助于焦虑症较重者专注日常事务。对焦虑症有好处的食物：一、全麦面包。因为谷类中含有微量矿物质硒，对振奋精神有很好的效果。并且其含有的碳水化合物可以抵制忧郁的作用。更重要的是对焦虑症患者的焦虑意向和焦虑观念以及焦虑行为有很好的作用。二、瓜子：瓜子中含有人体所需的维生素，其中富含维生素B，维生素B可以去火，使血糖处于基本平稳的状态。此外，瓜子中还含有镁元素，镁元素可以促使患者心情平静，态度和缓，减少压抑。三、菠菜。菠菜含有一种能够降压的营养物质，维生素C，四、香蕉。香蕉有去火的功效，香蕉是色胺酸和维他命B6的超级来源，这些都可以帮助大脑制造血清素，对于焦虑症患者的焦虑情绪和焦虑意向有很好的缓解和治疗的作用。五、樱桃。樱桃独含有的花青素能够有效降低炎症的发生，还有改善睡眠的功效。多吃樱桃能够让人心情放松，对于有顽固性失眠的焦虑症患者来说是最佳的饮食。
傅蠢僧，山东省荣成靖海卫人，中国人民解放军开国大校。生平 1940年1月入伍。1940年8月参加八路军。1941年5月加入中国共产党。历任八路军胶东军区第五支队第2团一营班长、排长、连长、副营长。1943年任胶东军区西海军分区独立团一营副营长、营长。解放战争时期，任胶东军区西海军分区独立团参谋长，胶东军区司令部侦察科科长，胶东军区情报处副处长、处长，山东军区警备第4旅、警备第6旅参谋长，中国人民解放军第三十四军第100师参谋长。中华人民共和国成立后，任青岛警备区司令部参谋长。1951年入南京军事学院学习。毕业留校任装甲兵教授会教员、教授会副主任、主任。1953年被评定为高教四级教授。1958年任装甲兵学院战役教研室主任、装甲兵学院训练部副部长、部长，装甲兵指挥学院院长。装甲兵工程学院正军职顾问。 1985年12月离职休养。 1955年获三级独立自由勋章，三级解放勋章。晋升大校军衔。参考文献中国人民解放军开国大校
Horseshoe Las Vegas is a casino hotel on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment. It originally opened as the MGM Grand Hotel and Casino on December 4, 1973. The 26-story hotel contained 2,100 rooms, and was among the world's largest hotels. On November 21, 1980, the MGM Grand was the site of one of the worst high-rise fires in United States history, in which 85 people died. The MGM Grand was rebuilt at a cost of $50 million, and eventually reopened on July 29, 1981, with new fire safety features in place. Another 26-story tower opened later that year, adding more than 700 rooms. The resort has a total of 2,812 rooms, and the casino is . In 1986, Bally Manufacturing purchased the resort and renamed it Bally's Las Vegas. A sister property, Paris Las Vegas, opened next to Bally's in 1999. An outdoor shopping mall, the Grand Bazaar Shops, was added to Bally's in 2015. The resort was home to the long-running Jubilee! theatrical show, which ran from 1981 to 2016. Following a renovation, Caesars Entertainment rebranded the property as Horseshoe Las Vegas on December 15, 2022. It is named after the original Binion's Horseshoe casino in downtown Las Vegas. In 2023, it was announced that the resort would lose its Jubilee Tower to Paris Las Vegas, thus reducing the number of rooms at Horseshoe. History Part of the site was once occupied by the Three Coins Motel, which opened in the mid-1960s. The Bonanza, a western-themed hotel and casino, opened in July 1967. It was built in between the Three Coins and the Galaxy Motel, both of which served as the Bonanza's lodging. Because of financial problems, the Bonanza's casino portion closed three months later, although the hotel continued to operate. The hotel had 160 rooms, a small number compared to most resorts on the Las Vegas Strip. Kirk Kerkorian purchased the Bonanza at the end of 1968, then sold it several months later to a group of investors. The Bonanza reopened in May 1969, after which a dispute occurred between the top two investors regarding management. A legal battle ensued, although the two eventually agreed to a settlement. The Bonanza included a showroom and a theater that screened classic films. The casino became popular for its country music acts, and singer Buck Owens made his Las Vegas Strip debut there in 1969. There had been plans to add a high-rise hotel building, although this did not materialize. In 1970, Kerkorian filed a foreclosure action against the owners and regained control of the Bonanza. MGM Grand Hotel and Casino (1973–86) Kerkorian's company, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), purchased the Bonanza and adjacent land in December 1971. MGM had plans to build a resort complex on the property named MGM's Grand Hotel, after the 1932 MGM film Grand Hotel. A groundbreaking ceremony with celebrities was held on the 43-acre property on April 15, 1972. The hotel tower was topped off in early 1973, and the Bonanza was demolished that year. The MGM Grand Hotel had a low-key opening on December 4, 1973. A grand-opening ceremony, with celebrity appearances, was held the following night. Many stars who had appeared in MGM films were in attendance. Dean Martin provided entertainment for the grand opening, although his performance and lack of new material were criticized. Kerkorian had previously wanted Frank Sinatra to perform for the hotel's opening. The MGM Grand was designed by architect Martin Stern Jr., and it was considered luxurious. It included hundreds of chandeliers, and statues and columns made of marble. The resort's design was based on grand hotels that were common in Europe during the early 20th century. The MGM Grand cost $106 million. The hotel was 26 stories and contained 2,100 rooms. It was among the world's largest hotels. The MGM Grand also had the world's largest casino, which included 923 slot machines, and a keno lounge. Live jai alai was also located on the property for betting. The resort also had shops, eight restaurants, 25 bars, a movie theater which initially showed only classic MGM films, five entertainment lounges, and of convention space. A few days after the opening, character actor Chill Wills, who had been a contract player for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer during the 1940s, became the first person to get married at the new resort. The resort cost $30 million more than anticipated, and within weeks of its opening, it was announced that finishing touches on the resort would raise the $106 million cost by another $20 million. There were reports that the resort had financial problems and that it could soon be sold, although MGM retained ownership into the 1980s. Fire and reopening On November 21, 1980, the MGM Grand suffered a fire that started in a casino restaurant. It was one of the worst high-rise fires in United States history, killing 85 people. Smoke traveled up into the hotel tower, killing most of the victims. The fire made such an impact on hotel safety that it led to the implementation of fire safety improvements worldwide. The fire forced the temporary closure of the resort. State gaming revenues were hurt by the closure, as the MGM was one of the largest tax contributors to the local gaming industry. The county lost an estimated $1.7 million because of the closure. Earlier in 1980, construction had begun on an additional hotel tower. Construction resumed shortly after the fire. Over the next eight months, the other MGM Grand facilities were rebuilt at a cost of $50 million, which included the implementation of new fire safety features. As the reopening approached, the resort saw strong demand in its convention bookings. The MGM Grand held a low-key reopening on July 29, 1981, followed by an official opening the next day. Both opening days lacked any large-scale festivities. A hotel spokesman said, "It would seem inappropriate, in terms of what happened in November, to have a grand celebration." When it reopened, the resort's casino area included . The new hotel tower was expected to be finished in September 1981. The tower added more than 700 rooms. Like the original tower, the new one also stood 26 stories high. Bally's (1986–2022) In late 1985, Bally Manufacturing announced plans to purchase the Las Vegas MGM and its Reno counterpart. The sale of the two hotels was finalized in April 1986, for $550 million, and they were renamed under the Bally's brand. The deal required the removal of logos throughout the resorts that depicted MGM's mascot, Leo the Lion. The jai alai court closed in the 1980s. In July 1986, a man secretly placed a pipe bomb in the resort's sportsbook and later demanded $200,000 from the casino, threatening to detonate the bomb if he did not receive the money. The bomb was found by authorities and detonated by them outside of the resort, exploding only with the intensity of a firecracker. The man was found and arrested. In 1991, a small fire occurred on one side of the Bally's sign, which was located along the Las Vegas Strip. Workers were changing the sign's lights at the time of the fire, which caused $250,000 in damage. In 1993, Bally's announced plans to create a new entrance along the Las Vegas Strip, on a three-acre property that was being used as a resort parking lot. The entrance would include moving walkways, and was expected to be complete by the end of 1994. The new entrance was designed by Brad Friedmutter. Moving walkways were added because of the distance between the resort's entrance and the sidewalk along the Strip. Also announced were plans for a monorail, which opened in June 1995. It ran from Bally's to a new MGM Grand resort, located further south on the Strip. The resort's shopping mall was renovated in 1995. The mall, known as Bally's Avenue Shoppes, included approximately 20 retailers. The former movie theater was converted into a new sportsbook, which was opened later in 1995, at a cost of $4 million. Bally Entertainment was purchased in 1996 by Hilton Hotels Corporation. The world premiere of Star Trek: Insurrection was held in the resort's Jubilee Theater on December 10, 1998. That year, Hilton's casino resorts division was spun off into Park Place Entertainment. A Bally's sister property, Paris Las Vegas, opened in September 1999. Paris was tightly integrated with the Bally's property by a promenade. For many years, the two resorts operated under a single gaming license. Many of Bally's high-end customers began going to the Paris upon its opening. Bally's exterior received new paint, including the addition of blue stripes, to make it more presentable for the opening of Paris. Park Place began a renovation of Bally's in 2000, including a modernization of the hotel rooms, casino floor, convention space, and restaurants. The resort's original sign, from 1973, was replaced with a new version in 2001, marking the conclusion of the renovation project. The sign is 150 feet high and cost $10 million, making it the most expensive sign on the Strip at the time of its installation. The sign is three-sided, each featuring a large Mitsubishi Diamond screen. In addition to advertising the resort, Park Place also rented the sign out to other advertisers. The MGM-Bally's monorail ended operations in 2003, to become part of the larger Las Vegas Monorail. That year, Park Place was renamed as Caesars Entertainment, Inc. Harrah's Entertainment acquired the resort with its purchase of Caesars in June 2005. Harrah's considered numerous options for the Bally's property, including the possibility of renovating or renaming it. Another option was to demolish it to build a Horseshoe-branded hotel; the company had acquired the Horseshoe name in 2004, after purchasing the Binion's Horseshoe casino in downtown Las Vegas. A Bally's executive said that the moving-walkway entrance would eventually be redeveloped, saying "they have to do something because the land is just too valuable to sit there." The sportsbook was closed in 2009, and reopened later that year following renovations. In 2010, Harrah's became Caesars Entertainment Corporation. In 2013, remodeling took place on the 756-room south tower, which was renamed as the Jubilee Tower in honor of the resort's long-running show Jubilee! The casino floor was also remodeled, and new restaurants were added. The Bally's Steakhouse, a well known eatery, was closed to make way for a larger restaurant called BLT Steak. The popular Sterling Brunch buffet operates in a portion of the steakhouse during weekends. At the end of 2013, construction began on a new Bally's shopping mall called Grand Bazaar, based on the market of the same name in Istanbul. The outdoor mall was built on two acres of land along the Las Vegas Strip, replacing the moving-walkway entrance. Caesars leased the property to a retail developer and was also a partner in the new project. The mall was part of the ongoing renovations to the resort. The Grand Bazaar Shops were initially scheduled to open in December 2014, although construction delays pushed the opening back to February 26, 2015. It opened with 70 of its 110 retailers; the remainder would open gradually over the next several months. For several years, the Grand Bazaar Shops included a Starbucks with bleacher seating and a large movie screen, the only location to have such features. At , it was the third largest Starbucks in the U.S. Bars and restaurants were added to the mall in 2016, to increase customer attendance. The mall includes restaurants Wahlburgers and Giordano's. In May 2018, Caesars completed a $125 million redesign of 2,052 guest rooms and suites in the original northern tower, which was renamed as the Resort Tower. It had previously operated as the Indigo Tower. Bally's includes the biggest tennis court on the Las Vegas Strip. Horseshoe Las Vegas (2022–present) On January 26, 2022, Caesars announced that the property would be rebranded Horseshoe Las Vegas as part of a multi-million dollar renovation project, including exterior renovations, new restaurants, and a revamp of the casino floor. Bally's remained open during the renovation work, which excluded the hotel rooms. Horseshoe Las Vegas is named after the original Binion's Horseshoe, which was renamed Binion's Gambling Hall in 2005. The rebranding of Bally's took effect on December 15, 2022, with the exterior still undergoing final changes. A ceremony was held on March 24, 2023, marking completion of the rebranding. The renovation work included new wallpaper, paint, and carpeting. The casino floor received a spacious new layout, and the poker room was updated to include 4 new tables for a total of 18. The sportsbook was relocated to the main casino floor, and the original location was converted into a video game arcade with more than 80 games. A new restaurant, Jack Binion's Steak, was added as well. It replaced BLT Steak, which closed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nevada and never reopened. Chef Martin Yan is scheduled to open an Asian restaurant, M.Y. Asia, in 2023. A glass case of $10,000 bills, previously displayed for decades at Binion's Horseshoe, was restored at the new Horseshoe. In 2022, Bally's and Paris became the first Strip properties to host the World Series of Poker, an annual event which debuted at Binion's Horseshoe in 1970. The event returned to Paris and the rebranded Horseshoe in 2023. In 2023, Caesars announced plans to renovate the Jubilee Tower (rumored to be renamed to the Versailles tower) and incorporate it into Paris Las Vegas by the end of the year, thus reducing the room count at Horseshoe. Entertainment Performers and shows When it opened in 1973, the MGM Grand Hotel featured two large theatres: the Ziegfeld Room, with a capacity of 800 people; and the Celebrity Room, with capacity for 1,200. The Ziegfeld featured productions by famed Las Vegas choreographer Donn Arden, including Hallelujah Hollywood, which ran until 1980. The resort also hosted Arden's long-running theatrical show Jubilee! It premiered at the resort in 1981 and eventually closed in 2016, making it one of the longest-running shows in Las Vegas history. A motorcycle stunt show by Nitro Circus was to replace Jubilee!, although it was put on hold and ultimately never opened. Sergio Franchi was the first entertainer signed to star in the Celebrity Room (three-year contract starting February 1974). Franchi's frequent co-star was comedian Joan Rivers. The Celebrity Room also hosted such acts as the Carpenters and Barry Manilow. Other notable performers at the resort have included Lou Rawls, Sam Kinison, Andrew Dice Clay, Bob Dylan, Liza Minnelli, Taylor Hicks, and Dionne Warwick. Penn & Teller made their Las Vegas Strip debut at the Celebrity Room in 1993. The Celebrity Room was eventually demolished to connect Bally's with Paris. In 2003, there were plans to build a seven-story theater on an acre of land at Bally's east side. The theater was to host a new show starring Esther Williams, although both projects were scrapped. The Price Is Right Live! debuted at Bally's Jubilee Theater in April 2006. It was a scaled-down version of the television program. During 2012, The Amazing Johnathan hosted a magic show in a space formerly used for the resort's buffet, which had closed several years earlier. Tony n' Tina's Wedding also premiered in the former buffet space in 2012, followed by another show, Divorce Party the Musical. The buffet space was renamed as the Windows Showroom. Tony n' Tina's Wedding ended in 2016, but returned two years later at the resort's Buca di Beppo restaurant. From 2016 to 2018, Wayne Newton hosted a show in the Windows Showroom called Wayne Newton: Up Close and Personal. It included singing and sharing stories with the audience. An audience participation game show, titled Miss Behave, debuted at Bally's in 2017, and ended three years later. Masters of Illusion, a magic show based on the television series of the same name, began its run at the Jubilee Theater in 2017. In 2019, the Windows Showroom debuted a show by magician Xavier Mortimer, and a Harry Potter parody show titled Potted Potter. The variety show Extravaganza debuted in the Jubilee Theater in March 2020, but was closed after one show, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It reopened later in the year, and performed its 100th show in February 2021. Attractions A nightclub by Victor Drai, called Drais After Hours, opened at Bally's in May 2013. It had previously operated across the street at Bill's Gambling Hall and Saloon, which was now undergoing renovations, prompting the temporary relocation of Drais. In June 2014, Victor Drai turned the Bally's location into Liaison, a club catering to a gay clientele. It closed in February 2015, because of low attendance. In 2016, singer John Rich opened a country music club at the Grand Bazaar Shops called Redneck Riviera, which eventually closed in 2018. A miniature golf course, themed after The Twilight Zone, was opened at the end of 2017. The course was created by Monster Mini Golf, and it also includes an arcade and bowling. A horror-themed escape room opened in 2018. The resort is also home to the Real Bodies exhibit, which showcases real specimens of the human body as well as different organs. Media history Shortly after the 1973 opening, MGM had planned to shoot two television pilots at the resort. In 1981, a remake of Grand Hotel (1932) was being prepared, with filming to take place at the MGM Grand. However, the project was shelved after MGM film executives realized that director Norman Jewison would have final cut privilege. The executives were concerned about the MGM Grand being portrayed in a negative way. The remake of Grand Hotel was never made. Several films and television series were later shot at the resort, and it would appear in other media as well. The MGM Grand hosted The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast in the Ziegfeld Room from 1974 to 1984. The MGM was also used as a filming location for the 1982 film Lookin' to Get Out. Featured in the 1985 MGM film Rocky IV, as the site of Apollo Creed's fatal exhibition bout against Ivan Drago. The theater, and set pieces, for Jubilee! are prominently displayed during the scene. Featured in the 1985 film Fever Pitch, evidently when the sale of the casino was pending. Hosted Late Night with David Letterman for a week in May 1987. Side 1 of Sam Kinison's 1990 comedy album Leader of The Banned was recorded at Bally's. Featured in the 1991 comedy Hot Shots!, when the pilot nicknamed "Wash Out" mistakes a runway and lands near the hotel (which features Tom Jones at the time). Featured prominently in the 1992 film Honeymoon in Vegas, starring Nicolas Cage and Sarah Jessica Parker. Featured in the 1995 film Leaving Las Vegas, also starring Cage and Elisabeth Shue. Featured in the 2004 video game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas as the "High Roller". Bally's Las Vegas hosted Spike TV's 2006 poker tournament series King of Vegas, which filmed in a temporary studio constructed in a parking lot behind the resort. Featured in the 2013 film The Incredible Burt Wonderstone, starring Steve Carell and Steve Buscemi. Bally's Las Vegas hosted the second season of the 2015 syndicated game show Monopoly Millionaires' Club. A head chef position at BLT Steak, located inside the hotel, was awarded to Ariel Malone, the winner of Hell's Kitchen's 15th season. The Jubilee Theater was the filming location for the American version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? from 2016 until it ended in 2019. References External links 1973 establishments in Nevada Casino hotels Casinos in the Las Vegas Valley Hotels established in 1973 Hotel buildings completed in 1973 Resorts in the Las Vegas Valley Skyscraper hotels in Paradise, Nevada Reportedly haunted locations in Nevada Caesars Entertainment

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