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Lara is a semi-autobiographical novel-in-verse written by Bernardine Evaristo. It was originally published in 1997 by Angela Royal Publishing and won the EMMA Best Book Award in 1999. Drawing on family life, childhood and an inter-racial marriage, Lara explores the struggles of London living in the 1960s and '70s, travelling through seven generations of predecessors, spanning over 150 years to follow their lives in England, Nigeria, Ireland, Germany and Brazil. In 2009 a new, revised and expanded edition was published by Bloodaxe Books, with a photograph of the author's parents on their wedding day in Camberwell, London, 1955, as the cover.
Reception
Reviews
Evaristo's Lara was voted Book of the Year three times. The New Statesman said: "first novels don't often make my heart beat faster….Bernardine Evaristo is a gifted black writer. Her Lara is a beautifully written novel-in-verse", while Black British newspaper The Weekly Journal praised her "skill as a storyteller as well as a poet, Lara is a work that is finely crafted in both detail and delivery."
Honours and awards
New Statesman Book of the Year
Telegraph Book of the Year
Weekly Journal Book of the Year
1999: EMMA Best Book Award for Lara
Bibliography
Lara (Angela Royal Publishing, 1997; )
Lara – new, expanded edition (Bloodaxe Books, 2009; )
References
1997 British novels
Novels by Bernardine Evaristo
Verse novels |
在物理学中，单一带电粒子的运动在较强的磁场中的运动可以被分解成两种运动的叠加：粒子绕着被称为导心（guiding center） 的一点进行相对较快的圆周运动，导心则以相对较慢的速度进行漂移（drift）运动。由于各粒子的电荷量、质量、温度有所不同，漂移速度亦会有所差异，可能会导致对电流密度的净贡献或者是化学分离。
回旋
如果磁场是均匀的且不考虑其他作用力，洛伦兹力就会给粒子一个垂直于磁场和粒子速度的加速度。这不会影响粒子平行于磁场方向的运动，但在垂直磁场平面会导致以固定速度进行的圆周运动。这一圆周运动被称为回旋运动（gyromotion）。质量为 、电荷量为 的粒子运动在磁感应强度为 的磁场中，其回旋频率（gyrofrequency 或 cyclotron frequency）为
垂直磁场的速度为 时，回旋轨道的曲率半径被称为回旋半径（ gyroradius ）或拉莫尔半径（Larmor radius）
平行方向上的运动
由于磁场施加的 Lorentz 力总是垂直于磁场，故该力对平行方向上的运动无影响（从最低阶而言）不考虑其它力，在均匀磁场中的带电粒子会绕磁力线作回旋运动并沿磁力线滑行，前者取决于垂直磁场的速度，后者取决于平行磁场的速度；从而产生一螺旋形的轨道。如果有外力且平行方向有分量，粒子和其导心就会相应地加速。
如果磁场场强在平行方向上有一梯度，有限 Larmor 半径的粒子会有向弱场强一侧的加速度，这一效应被称为磁镜。
一般的力引起的漂移
一般而言，当某种力对粒子的作用在垂直于磁场的方向上有分量时，导心会向既垂直于这种力、又垂直于磁场的方向漂移。记 为作用在一粒子上的力，则对应的漂移速度为
与磁镜效应和非均匀磁场漂移不同，这些漂移不依赖于有限 Larmor 半径，也存在于冷等离子体。这看上去可能有些反直觉。如果一开始作用力时粒子是静止的，垂直于该力的运动是如何而来的？为何这一力不会引起平行于它的运动？答案是磁场在其中起到了作用。该力一开始引起平行于其方向的加速度，但磁场将运动转向（deflect）漂移方向。等粒子走到漂移方向上的时候，磁场又将其转向和外力方向相反的方向，故在外力的方向上平均的加速度即为零。不过，在该力作用的方向上能发生最大为 的位移，这可以视为开启该力时的极化漂移（见下文）的结果。这一运动实际上是一条摆线。更一般地说，回旋运动（gyration）和均匀的垂直漂移运动的叠加是一条次摆线.
所有的漂移都可视为力漂移的特殊情况，尽管这不总是思考的最合适办法。电场力和重力是力漂移的典型案例。 漂移可以视为在磁场幅度梯度下作用在磁偶极子上的力引起的漂移。曲率、惯性、极化漂移则可视为其对应的加速度充当虚性力（fictitious force）下的漂移。逆磁漂移可从压强梯度力中推导而来。最后，其他的力也可以引起漂移，比如辐射压强和碰撞。
重力场
重力场是力漂移的一个简单例子，电离层中的等离子体就可考虑它。其漂移速度是
由于对质量的依赖，重力漂移对电子的影响通常可以忽略。
对粒子电荷的依赖意味着电子离子的这一漂移速度是反向的，会贡献于净电流密度。从流体的图象上来看，正是这一电流叉乘磁场后提供了拮抗（counteract）所施加力的力。
电场
由电场导致的这一漂移经常被称为 (E-cross-B) 漂移，这一漂移特殊在电场力和电荷量成正比。 结果就是，不管什么质量和电荷量的离子和电子都在相同的方向上以相同的速度漂移，故而这一漂移对净电流密度无贡献 (如果等离子体是近中性的)。在狭义相对论中，以该速度运动的参考系中，电场会变换为零。漂移速度的值是
非均匀电场
如果电场是非均匀的，以上公式修正为
非均匀磁场
导心漂移不仅可能来源于外部力的作用，也有可能来源于磁场的非均匀性。用平行和垂直动能表示这些漂移较为方便
这种情况下，对质量的显式依赖就看不到了。如果离子和电子温度相当，则会有着大小相当、方向相反的漂移速度。
漂移
当某一粒子走到强场的一侧时，曲率半径较小；走到弱场一侧，曲率半径便较大。在垂直磁场方向看，其轨迹从均匀磁场下的圆轨往摆线（cycloid）的形状发展。对应漂移速度是
曲率漂移
当带电粒子沿弯折的磁力线走时，其向心力（centripetal force）会对应于一垂直于曲率平面的漂移速度
其中 是向外指的曲率半径，由最逼近粒子矢径处磁力线的圆弧（circular arc）的圆心向外指。
其中 是磁场方向的单位向量。这一惯性漂移可以被分解成曲率漂移和以下漂移的总和
当磁场处于稳态且弱电场时，惯性漂移由曲率漂移主导。
极化漂移
时变的电场也会导致一项漂移
显然这一漂移不同于其他漂移，它不能无限期地延续。一般而言，振荡的电场会引起振荡的极化漂移，相位相差 90 度。由于对质量的依赖，这一效应被称为惯性漂移（inertia drift）。电子质量小，对它而言，这一漂移往往可以忽略。
单粒子在缓变电磁场中的运动
单粒子的导心在缓变电磁场中的非相对论运动方程由 Theodore G. Northrop 给出。
将粒子位矢分解为 ，记 为导心，回旋运动的矢径定义为 ，其中 、 取在粒子位矢 位置处的值。如此，导心便有了精确的定义 。符号上面加一点表示对时间的导数 ，小参数取为 ，，，从而可效仿牛顿第二定律得到导心的运动方程，
其中 是磁矩，是一绝热不变量，初始速度 取 。这一运动方程等价于下面两式：
垂直磁场方向的各漂移运动速度方向完全由电磁场和场的时空变化所决定，导心本身的平行、垂直速度仅起到系数作用。导心垂直磁场方向的速度 满足以下方程
其中 是导心平行方向的速度标量、 是 漂移速度，而 表示沿磁场方向的方向导数。其中的 和 均为一阶量。
的变化满足方程
逆磁漂移
逆磁漂移实际上不是导心的漂移。压强梯度不会导致单个粒子的漂移，而是贡献于宏观的流体速度。流体速度可视为通过某一参考面的粒子数，压强梯度会导致往某一方向漂移的粒子更多。这一漂移对流体净速度的贡献为
漂移电流
除 漂移之外，不同带电粒子的漂移速度各有不同。它们之间的速度差会导致对电流密度的净的贡献，而漂移速度对密度的依赖亦可引起化学分离。
参考资料
物理学 |
Bedlam Born is the 16th studio album by British folk rock band Steeleye Span. It is the second of two albums made by a line-up consisting of Gay Woods, Bob Johnson, Peter Knight and Tim Harries, and only the second album on which Maddy Prior did not make an appearance. The title refers not to a bedlam, but to Christ's birth in Bethlehem (which is occasionally corrupted to 'Bedlam'). "There is a child in Bedlam born" is a line from "Stephen".
Tracks and reception
Their previous album, Horkstow Grange was not well received by fans, many of whom complained that the album was too light on rock and too heavy on folk. For Bedlam Born the band emphasized the rock elements, producing tracks such as "Well Done Liar", "John of Ditchford", and "We Poor Laboring Men" that have a strong rock guitar line, driving bass, and comparatively heavy drumming, provided by the band's regular guest drummer Dave Mattacks. While Woods was the primary lead singer on Horkstow Grange, on this album she sings lead on only five songs, mostly quieter pieces that allowed her to demonstrate her high range. Two of these pieces, "Arbour" and "The White Cliffs of Dover" experiment with spoken-word sequences, something entirely new for the band. ("John of Ditchford", incidentally, is a fairly accurate retelling of an actual murder case that occurred in England in the early 14th century.)
According to Woods, two tracks, "I See His Blood Upon the Rose" and "Stephen", attracted considerable complaint from fans. Both pieces are explicitly Christian, with "Stephen" being about a stable boy in Bethlehem at the time of the Massacre of the Innocents. Fans objected that the band had always stuck to secular music and felt uncomfortable about the religious sentiments of these two tracks. This complaint is to some extent unjustified since, although the majority of the band's repertoire is secular, the band has in fact performed a number of explicitly Christian pieces over the course of its history. Its second-highest charting song, "Gaudete" is a Latin chant celebrating Christ's birth. "Harvest Home", off Sails of Silver is a 19th-century Anglican hymn. Although Steeleye Span didn't get around to recording "Lyke-Wake Dirge" until 2002, this medieval song about purgatory was the introduction of their first American tour, while "Lanercost" from Back in Line uses the Kyrie Eleison as its chorus. In 2004, the band would release Winter, an album of Christmas songs, about half of which were traditional Christian pieces.
Like the previous album, reactions to Bedlam were mixed. Many complained that the album was too rock-heavy, while others lamented Prior's continued absence. On the other hand, some celebrated the album as a return to the sound the band had during the mid-1970s.
Aftermath
The recording of this album was reportedly tumultuous, with Woods eventually quitting the band again, reportedly over money issues, and Harries also departing after the release of the album. Johnson, who had been the band's main guitarist for most of the band's history, chose to retire because of health trouble. This left a need for a lead guitarist for the band's tour, and Rick Kemp, who had been a member in the band's commercially successful middle period, returned and eventually rejoined the band on a full-time basis. During the tour, Kemp and Harries alternated playing lead guitar and bass.
Track listing
"Well Done Liar!" (Traditional; arranged by Bob Johnson) – 4.35
"Who Told the Butcher?" (Peter Knight) – 2.58
"John of Ditchford" (Tim Harries) – 3.43
"I See His Blood Upon the Rose" (Joseph Plunkett, Gay Woods, Harries) – 4.58
"Black Swan" (Harries) – 1.50
"The Beggar" (Traditional; arranged by Bob Johnson) – 3.00
"Poor old Soldier" (Knight) – 2.20
"Arbour" (Harries, Woods) – 1.26
"There was a Wealthy Merchant" (Traditional; arranged by Harries) – 4.58
"Beyond the Dreaming Place" (Knight, Woods) – 3.04
"We Poor Labouring Men" (Traditional; arranged by Steeleye Span) – 5.05
"The Connemara Cradle Song" (Traditional, Delia Murphy) – 5.38
"Stephen" (Harries) – 4.25
"The White Cliffs of Dover" (Burton, Kent; arranged by Woods) – 3.06
Personnel
Steeleye Span
Gay Woods - vocals, bodhrán
Bob Johnson - vocals, electric guitar, acoustic guitar
Peter Knight - vocals, keyboards, violin
Tim Harries - bass guitar, electric guitar, keyboards, vocals
Unofficial member
Dave Mattacks - drums, percussion
Steeleye Span albums
2000 albums |
治疗腹胀的最好方法？生活中经常有些朋友会出现腹胀腹痛的情况，虽然不是什么大病，但是给我们的生活、工作带来了极大的不便。腹胀的发生与日常的饮食和生活习惯有着密切的联系，治疗腹胀好的方法还是要回归到日常饮食和生活习惯中去。那么，治疗腹胀的最好方法？1、多吃护胃、顺气食物，有些食物有养胃和顺气作用，比如山药健脾胃、益肾气，可促进消化吸收，黏稠质地也有保护胃壁功效;白萝卜可顺气，但要熟着吃，比如炖汤。此外，山楂、洋葱、大蒜都对胃肠有益。2、高纤维食物别过量，过量吃高纤维食物容易在胃肠内产生大量气体。比如麦麸纤维含量高达31%，笋干达到30%，辣椒超过40%，其余含纤维素较多的有蕨菜、菜花、菠菜、南瓜等，各种杂粮如荞麦面、玉米等也属高纤维食品。吃这些食物要注意搭配，不能过量。3、晚餐少吃产气食物，首先是各种豆类。豆类所含的低聚糖被肠道细菌发酵，能分解产生一些气体，进而引起打嗝、肠鸣、腹胀、腹痛等症状。因此老年人晚餐少吃豆制品。4、杜绝狼吞虎咽，这种习惯会将气体带入肠道，因而产生腹胀。尽量少喝碳酸饮料和啤酒，含有果糖或山梨醇的甜点，也是产气的食物。减少油腻和容易引起胀气的食物的摄入，如炸鸡薯条、大豆、红薯等，这类食物要控制摄入量。并且补充适当的粗纤维可以促进胃动力，减轻腹胀。但是过多使用粗纤维反而会加重胃胀不消化情况，所以也要控制摄入量。民以食为天，面对美味佳肴我们总是难以抵抗诱惑。而胃作为我们重要的消化器官也是责任重大。想要享受美食又想保持身体健康，需要我们在生活中处处留心，保护好我们的胃。这样，才能更好地享受美食，享受生活，让健康和快乐常伴左右。 |
女性喉癌能活多久？喉癌是来源于喉粘膜上皮组织的恶性肿瘤，最常见的喉癌为喉鳞状细胞癌。多见于中老年男性。本癌的发生与吸烟、酗酒、长期吸入有害物质及乳头状瘤病毒感染等因素有关。喉癌发病率约占全身肿瘤的1～5%，在耳鼻喉科领域中仅次于鼻咽癌和鼻腔，鼻窦癌，居第三位。好发年龄为50～70岁。男性较女性多见。吸烟肯定是有一定影响的，年轻人患此疾病的比例较少，可以通过检查来诊断，一般喉癌可以活2年左右吧。喉癌活多久，这也是要看喉癌患者的具体病情的，一般一年左右。如果在晚期才发现的话，治愈率会很低的，对于晚期的喉癌患者，患者及其家属最关注的莫过于""能活多久""。而是要积极的配合治疗，晚期不能手术的也能通过放疗的方式控制，同时联合中药的治疗，效果更好。放疗和化疗：但是，放化疗的要注意，一般不宜进食凉食、冷饮。因为放、化疗本身就容易损伤中焦脾胃之气，而中医认为生冷特别是冰冻(冰箱内食物)也易伤胃气，如有阴虚燥热表现的，可给予枸杞中药煲汤以食疗调养。中药治疗法：喉癌的治疗方法还包括中药治疗。手术治疗法：手术治疗法是治疗喉癌的最主要方法，也是首选的治疗方法。治疗喉癌的手术方法主要包括全喉切除术、水平部分喉切除术、垂直部分喉切除术，在专家的指导下根据具体的病情进行不同的手术。从喉癌发生的原始部位来看，好发于声带活动摩擦最明显的部位，因此推测喉癌的发生可能与长期的摩擦，慢性炎性刺激有关。在各种慢性炎性刺激因素中尤以烟、酒刺激最为重要。喉癌患者90%以上，均因为长期吸烟、饮烟者，并且发生的几率与吸烟的时间、数量呈正相关，吸烟并饮酒者，发病的危险性更大。 |
高血糖的饮食疗法？(1) 控制总热能是糖尿病饮食治疗的首要原则。摄入的热量能够维持正常体重或略低于理想 体重为宜。肥胖者必须减少热能摄入，消瘦者可适当增加热量达到增加体重。(2) 供给适量的碳水化合物。目前主张不要过严地控制碳水化合物，糖类应占总热能的60% 左右，每日进食量可在250克～300克，肥胖应在150克～200克。(3) 供给充足的食物纤维。流行病学的调查提出食物纤维能够降低空腹血糖、餐后血糖以及 改善糖耐量。(4) 供给充足的蛋白质。糖尿病患者膳食中蛋白质的供给应充足。有的患者怕多吃蛋白质而 增加肾脏的负担。当肾功正常时，糖尿病的膳食蛋白质应与正常人近似。(5) 控制脂肪摄入量。有的糖尿病患者误认为糖尿病的饮食治疗只是控制主食量。其实不然，现在提倡不要过多的 控制碳水化合物，而要严格的控制脂肪是十分必要的。(6) 供给充足的维生素和无机盐。凡是病情控制不好的患者，易并发感染或酮症酸中毒，要 注意补充维生素和无机盐，尤其是维生素B族消耗增多，应给维生素B制剂，改善神经症状。(7) 糖尿病患者不宜饮酒。酒精能够产生热能，但是酒精代谢并不需要胰岛素，因此少量饮 酒是允许的。(8)合理安排进食。糖尿病患者应合理安排每日餐，每餐都应含有碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质，以有利于 减缓葡萄糖的吸收。(9) 应控制油炸食品，粉条薯类食品及水果。但不是不吃薯类和水果，应学会自行掌握各种 食品交换的方法，这样才能够达到平衡营养。 |
Senator Moody may refer to:
Blair Moody (1902–1954), U.S. Senator from Michigan
Dan Moody (Georgia politician), Georgia State Senate
Gideon C. Moody (1832–1904), U.S. Senator from South Dakota
James M. Moody (1858–1901), North Carolina State Senate
Jim Moody (1935–2019), Wisconsin State Senate
William J. Moody (1796–1850s), Michigan State Senate
William Moody (Maine politician) (1770–1822), Massachusetts State Senate |
不育不孕男性需要查什么项目？如果出现不孕不育，男女双方都要做检查，而男性需要检查的项目也是非常多的，其中包括了免疫抗体检查、精子质量检查，精子染色体检查、基因检查、性激素检查、体格检查等，男性一定要进行详细全面检查，才可及早确诊病因。男性不孕不育常规检查：生育本身男性两性才可以完成的事情，因此如果夫妻之间备孕一年没有怀孕就要同时做不孕不育的检查，当然导致男性不孕不育的原因也是非常多的。1、血液检查。主要是让男性进行免疫球蛋白方面的血液检查，看患者的血液内是否出现了特异性抗体，如果检查发现患者的血液内有一个特定的达到一定比例的增加抗体，就属于导致男性不育的免疫因子，也就是说患者属于免疫性不育。免疫抗检查主要包括了血清内抗精子抗体，抗透明带抗体，抗子宫内膜抗体。2、精子染色体检查。是一种比较重要的检查方法该项检查主要是让患者禁欲三到七天，然后取出精液通过对精子直接进行染色体做检查分析，看看患者的精子染色体的结构是否有变化，确定患者是不是出现了遗传学原因。3、基因检查。主要是为男性检测是否存在精子染色体缺失或者基因突变。4、体检。对男性的生殖器内外组织都进行详细检查，如睾丸和阴茎外观、输精管、前列腺、精索、精囊等组织的功能是否异常。5、检查病史。这项检查主要看看患者是否存在生殖系统疾病，性功能障碍或者是流行性腮腺炎性睾丸炎，隐睾，以及患者是否有一些遗传性疾病，以便于明确病因。6、精子质量检查。主要检查项目包括了精子数量、精子的运动能力、精子畸形数量和成活数量等。需要提醒大家注意的就是因为每个男性的体质不同，因此致病的原因也是不同的，因此在出现不孕不育症后不能盲目的使用偏方秘方调理治疗，只有经过详细的检查才可以帮助患者尽快找出病因，才能制定针对性的治疗方案。 |
孔戈尼亚斯的仁慈耶稣圣殿（葡萄牙语：Santuário de Bom Jesus de Matosinhos；英语：Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas）是一座罗马天主教的宗座圣殿，位于巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州的孔戈尼亚斯，在该州首府贝洛奥里藏特以南90公里。
该堂由18世纪葡萄牙探险家Feliciano Mendes出资，由著名的巴洛克风格建筑师、雕塑家安东尼奥·弗朗西斯科·里斯本（Antônio Francisco Lisboa，又名阿莱亚迪尼奥，Aleijadinho）设计，这里的旧约十二先知雕塑被认为是他最好的作品之一。
1957年7月26日，教宗庇护十二世将其升格为宗座圣殿。1985年，该堂被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。
第1小堂: 最后的晚餐（Última Ceia）
第2小堂: 客西马尼园的祈祷（Agonia no Getsêmani）
第3小堂: 耶稣被捕（Prisão de Jesus）.
第4小堂: 鞭打耶稣（Flagelação de Jesus）与嘲弄耶稣（Zombaria com Jesus）''.
第5小堂: 耶稣背十字架（Jesus carregando a cruz)
第6小堂: 耶稣钉十字架（Crucificação de Jesus）
参考
巴西世界遗产
巴西宗座圣殿 |
Ethelbert Isaac Singley (December 2, 1888 - July 27, 1967), also known as Elmer Singley, was an Independent member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, representing Marion County, from 1916 to 1920.
Biography
Ethelbert Isaac Singley was born near Columbia, Mississippi, on December 2, 1888. His parents were Seaborn Singley and Fannie (Lang) Singley. Ethelbert attended the rural schools of Marion County. He attended South Mississippi College and became a teacher. In November 1915, he entered politics, by running for the Mississippi House of Representatives. He was elected to represent Marion County for the 1916–1920 term, as an independent. During his term, he was the chairman of the House's Liquor Traffic committee. He was a Justice of the Peace from 1948 to 1955. He died after a three-week illness in Marion County General Hospital in Columbia, Mississippi, on July 27, 1967, and was buried northeast of Columbia.
Personal life
Singley was a member of the Baptist Church. In 1912, he married Anna L. Hollaway. They had at least seven children, named Robert Luther Walter Singley, Seaborn Alex Singley, Ike Singley, Sennett Singley, and three daughters. Anna died in 1961. When Ethelbert died, he was also survived by 27 grandchildren and 28 great-grandchildren.
References
1888 births
1967 deaths
People from Columbia, Mississippi
Mississippi Independents
Members of the Mississippi House of Representatives |
无毛蛛蟹属（学名：）為蛛形蟹科的一属动物。无毛蛛蟹属分布于东亚沿海地区，如中国大陆、台湾和日本。
属
Eplumula australiensisHenderson, 1888
长踦无毛蟹 Eplumula phalangium (De Haan, 1839 [in De Haan, 1833-1850])
參考文獻
W
W |
大苗山合耳菊（学名：），为菊科合耳菊属下的一个植物种。
参考资料
合耳菊属 |
Badbea is the ninth solo album by the Scottish singer-songwriter Edwyn Collins, released on 29 March 2019 on AED Records.
Track listing
"It's All About You" – 3:37
"In the Morning" – 3:25
"I Guess We Were Young" – 3:24
"It All Makes Sense to Me" – 2:54
"Outside" – 1:57
"Glasgow to London" – 4:00
"Tensions Rising" – 3:17
"Beauty" – 2:48
"I Want You" – 3:43
"I'm OK Jack" – 2:57
"Sparks the Spark" – 4:22
"Badbea" – 4:27
References
Edwyn Collins albums
2019 albums
Albums produced by Edwyn Collins |
（学名：Tabellariaceae）是平板藻目下的一个科。
下属分类
本科包括以下属：
参考文献
P |
史蒂芬斯－强森症候群的治疗方式为?？治疗第一步是要停止造成它过敏的药物。其处置的原则和烧/烫伤的治疗类似，包含给予静脉水份补充、症状治疗。迄今它并无特效药可以处理，类固醇的使用目前尚有争议，而且可能造成次发性的感染。近年有提出利用化学药物治疗的建议，但尚未达成共识。此外如果眼部也有发病时，应协寻眼科医生会诊。 |
子宫下垂是什么原因造成的?？1,停经，子宫下垂发生在绝经后者约占2/3。绝经后雌激素水平不足，使具有激素依赖性的生殖器官和组织开始萎缩、退化，盆腔肌肉弹性下降，支持子宫的韧带松弛，结果使整个盆底组织变得软弱无力。2.分娩损伤,比如生产时间过长、难产，容易损伤盆底肌肉和韧带;月子里过早下床做家务，或者过早负重劳动等。3.长期腹压增高，如慢性咳嗽、习惯性便秘、长期负重劳动、经常性地做用力不当的运动和腹腔长有肿瘤等都能引起腹压增高，促使子宫下移。盆底组织发育不良：一些女性先天性子宫或盆底肌发育不良，也会使子宫过早下垂。4.分娩造成的伤害分娩以后出现子宫下垂是发病最主要的原因。在分娩的时候、特别是难产的时候，很容易造成宫颈、宫颈主韧带以及盆骨肌肉损伤，如果在分娩以后不能很好的恢复就会造成子宫下垂。5.腹压增加很多产妇都喜欢仰卧，这很容易造成子宫后位，如果遇到腹压增加的时候子宫就会沿着阴道方向下降，最终导致子宫下垂，慢性便秘以及腹水等疾病也会增加腹压，造成子宫下垂。6.先天发育异常,很多没有生育过的女性也会出现子宫下垂的疾病，这个就和生殖器发育不良有很大关系了。7.营养不良营养不良的时候会导致肌肉萎缩、盆腔内筋摸松弛，失去对子宫的支持，这样就会造成子宫下垂了。一般这样原因引起子宫下垂的病人还会有胃下垂、腹壁松弛的症状。8.衰老,衰老是不可避免的，当卵巢功能减退造成雌激素减少以后，盆底对子宫等的支持就变弱，就容易出现子宫下垂的症状。 |
Old Town of Cáceres is a historic walled city in Cáceres, Spain.
Cáceres was declared a World Heritage City by UNESCO in 1986 because of the city's blend of Roman, Moorish, Northern Gothic and Italian Renaissance architecture. Thirty towers from the Islamic period still stand in Cáceres, of which the Torre del Bujaco is the most famous.
There have been settlements near Cáceres since prehistoric times. Evidence of this can be found in the caves of Maltravieso and El Conejar. The city was founded by the Romans in 25 BC.
The Old Town (Parte Antigua) still has its ancient walls; this part of town is also well known for its multitude of storks' nests. The walls contain a medieval town setting with no outward signs of modernity, which is why many television shows and films have been shot there.
History
The origins of Cáceres were in prehistoric times, as evidenced by the paintings in the Cuevas de Maltravieso (Maltravieso Caves) which date back to the late Paleolithic period. Visitors can see remains from medieval times, the Roman occupation, Moorish occupation and the Golden age of Jewish culture in Spain. Cáceres has four main areas to be explored: the historical quarter, the Jewish quarter, the modern centre, and the outskirts.
City limits
The Old Town of Caceres is delimited in two great zones by the wall: intramuros (inside the wall) and extramuros (outside of the wall). The enclosure intramuros is what is usually known as "Monumental City" or "Old Part" and is the best known, while the area outside the walls is less well known. The whole Old Town, since the Middle Ages, is divided into 4 parishes, around which the structure of the city was configured. The four parishes are Santa Maria, San Mateo, Santiago and San Juan, with the first two intramuros and the last two outside the walls.
Santa María
The Santa Maria quarter is formed by the union of two squares, the Plaza de Santa María and the Plaza de los Golfines, creating both a unique space. It is presided over by the Holy Church Cathedral of Santa María la Mayor, around which a set of palaces, mansions and noble houses are arranged delimiting the square. Adjacent to the apse of the Concatedral is the Palacio de Carvajal (headquarters of the Tourist Board of the Diputación de Cáceres, you can visit its interior facilities, the patio and the garden) and at the end of Calle Tiendas is possible to see the Torre de The Espaderos. Once again in the Plaza de Santa María you can see the Palacio de Hernando de Ovando and the Episcopal Palace, after which, in the Plaza del Conde de Canilleros, you will find the Toledo-Moctezuma Palace (Headquarters of the Provincial Historical Archives). If you continue in the Plaza de Santa María you can still see the Mayoralgo Palace, the House of Moraga (Provincial Center of Crafts), the House of Golfin-Toledo or Dukes of Valencia, the Palace of the Diputación, the Palace of Fomento and the magnificent Palace of Golfines de Abajo, which served as accommodation for the Catholic Monarchs during their stays in Caceres.
Saint George
The Plaza de San Jorge, in the center of the walled enclosure, is characterized by three buildings. Thus, it is dominated by the Church of San Francisco Javier or Church of the Precious Blood (in whose crypt is the Interpretation Center of the Holy Week of Cáceres and allows access to the largest cistern of Cáceres, eighteenth century). Next to it is located the College of the Company of Jesus. This baroque set that presides the square is accompanied to the right by the House of the Becerra (Headquarters of the Foundation Mercedes Calles and Carlos Ballestero). Finally, to the left, behind some stores selling souvenirs and handicrafts, is the Garden of Cristina de Ulloa, open space within the set formed by these three buildings of the Plaza de San Jorge, dedicated to the patron saint of the city.
San Mateo
The San Mateo quarter, smaller than Santa Maria, is made up of three squares, the Plaza de San Mateo, the Plaza de San Pablo and the Plaza de las Veletas. This area is presided over by the Church of San Mateo (built on the old mosque). There is also another religious building, the Convent of San Pablo. Among the civil buildings, the most outstanding is the Palace of the Cáceres Ovando or Palace of the Storks (Headquarters of the Military Government). Completing the area of San Mateo, specifically in the Plaza de las Veletas, is the Palace of Veletas (Headquarters of the Archeology and Ethnography Section of the Museum of Cáceres, with a magnificent Almohad cistern, the oldest in the city) and The House of the Horses (Headquarters of the Section of Fine Arts of the Museum of Cáceres). Immediately behind the Church of San Mateo, there is a small square in which are three beautiful buildings that form a harmonious whole, the House of the Sun, the House of the Eagle and the Tower of Sande.
Returning again to the Plaza de San Mateo, it is possible to see the impressive Palace of Golfines de Arriba. Finally, from San Mateo, you can descend through the Calle Ancha to admire the set of buildings that delimit this street. Among them are the House of Lorenzo Ulloa (Headquarters of the School of Fine Arts Eulogio Blasco), the House of Diego de Ulloa the Rico, the House of Walls-Saavedra, the Palace of the Commander of Alcuéscar or the Marquis of Torreorgaz ( It houses the Parador de Turismo de Cáceres) and the Casa de los Sánchez Paredes.
At this point, after crossing Calle Ancha, you will find the Puerta de Mérida. At this level it is possible to see the Hospital de los Caballeros to the right, while if you turn left you can appreciate the House of the Perers (Headquarters of the College Major Francisco de Sande).
The Adarve of the Star
From Plaza de San Mateo, if you take Calle Condes, you will reach the area of the Adarves. The adarves are the streets adjacent to the wall, which is also known as the round road. In Cáceres five streets retain the name of Adarves (Father Rosalío, Santa Ana, Estrella, Bishop Álvarez de Castro and Christ), although when speaking of "the adarves", usually refers to the first three, which are followed, As if it were one way. The adarves (of Father Rosalío, Santa Ana and Estrella) constitute a street in slope, with narrows and pavement of small songs.
In this area you can appreciate the Arco de Santa Ana and Puerta del Postigo, the Tower of the Ved or the Postigo and the Tower of Santa Ana. In a small square in front of the Arch of Santa Ana is located the Palace of the Counts of Adanero. As the adarves descend, on the left is the entrance to Casa Miron (Headquarters of the Municipal Museum of Cáceres), and a little lower on the right is the Plaza de los Caldereros. This square, to the right of the adarves, is delimited by two buildings, facing each other, the Palacio de la Generala and the Palace of Ribera. Both buildings are the headquarters of the Rectorate of the University of Extremadura.
In front of the Plaza de los Caldereros there is a small door that leads to a few stairs that descend to the Forum of the Balbos, delimited by the Tower of the Furnace and the Tower of the Yerba, you can see from here the Town Hall and the Plaza Mayor. If the adarves are completely lowered and you return to the Plaza de Santa María, at the height of the House of Moraga, it is possible to start the passage through an area of streets, alleys and alleys of the Monumental City of great charm. Here, in the House of Moraga, begins an axis formed by the streets Cuesta de Aldana and Olmos, located in straight line, narrow and tortuous. Here you will find such important buildings as the Mono House, the Casa del Aldana, the Mudéjar House, the Casa de los Ovando Perero and the San Antonio Nursery. Finally, the small square where the Nursing of San Antonio is located ends at the union of the Calle Puerta de Mérida with the Adarve of Father Rosalío, being able to appreciate the Hospital of the Magdalena.
Old Jewish Quarter
The Arco del Cristo is the eastern gate of the old wall of Cáceres. It conserves Roman ashlars and in the antiquity was the door of the thistle of the colony Norba Caesarina.
Caceres came to have two Jewish neighborhoods: the Old Judería (in the enclosure intramuros) and the Jewish Quarter (in the area outside the walls). The Old Jewish Quarter or Old Jewish Quarter is also known as the neighborhood of San Antonio de la Quebrada. It preserves the layout and organization of the typical streets of the Islamic and Jewish period. These are narrow streets and on slopes, with small squares connected to each other, and with streets "in bottom of sack", that is to say, streets without exit. The houses are small, one to two floors, mostly white and decorated some of them with flowers such as geraniums among others, which gives a great tipismo to this neighborhood. It is conformed by the streets of San Antonio, Callejón del Moral, Rincon de la Monja and Cuesta del Marqués among others. The main building and center of the old Jewish quarter is the Ermita de San Antonio (built on the old synagogue). An interesting house is the House of the Rich Jew (popularly known for presenting a stone facade instead of being covered with lime, as was typical of humble Jewish houses). In the same Jewish quarter, through one of its houses, it is possible to access the Baluarte de los Pozos. It is a section of wall advanced to the rest formed by two towers, the Tower of the Wells or the Gypsy and the Tower Coraja or the Aljibes. It was a key point to guarantee access to the Ribera water. Also in the Jewry itself, near the Pizarro Gate, you will find access to the Olivar de la Juderia, which consists of a space like a garden or park located at the foot of the wall.
If you continue on Rincón de la Monja street, at the junction of the street with Cuesta del Marqués, there are two buildings to highlight. One of them is the House of Durán de la Rocha and the other is the Arab Museum House. When descending by Cuesta del Marqués, you arrive at the lowest point of the Monumental City and the most located to the east. Here you can find the Arco del Cristo, Puerta del Río or the Council (the only door of Roman origin that has persisted in the city). From this point it is possible to visualize the Round Tower and, after crossing the arch, the River Tower.
Surroundings
When the intramural enclosure could not accommodate more buildings, it was decided to build outside the walls around three fundamental spaces: the Plaza Mayor and the two parishes (Santiago and San Juan).
Main square
The Plaza Mayor is constituted as the center of the Historic Quarter and gateway to the Monumental City. It emerged as a large space for markets, outside the walls. It is dominated in its east side by a frontal formed by the Tower of Bujaco, the Hermitage of the Peace and the Arc of the Star, being able to see also the Tower of the Pulpits and the Tower of the Yerba. To the south is the Town Hall, built at the end of the 19th century. The rest of the Plaza Mayor is formed by arcades that have their origin in the sixteenth century, although the buildings built on them are of very different epochs.
The portals housed different guilds, such as the Pan Portal, the Portal of the Plateros, the Portal of the Scribes, the Portal of the Apothecaries and the Portal of the Watchers, among others. The rest of guilds of the city settled in streets near the Plaza Mayor, such as the well-known and commercial Calle Pintores and others such as Paneras, Hornos, Hornillos, Zapatería, Caleros, Tenerías, Rivera de Curtidores, Boilers, Shops. In the surroundings and in the vicinity of the Plaza Mayor are the two medieval parishes (Santiago and San Juan), around which new spaces were created that, together with the Plaza Mayor, created the urban structure of the enclosure outside the walls.
Main sights
Cathedrals and churches
Church and convent of San Pablo (15th century)
Convent of la Compañía de Jesus, in Baroque style, today used for art exhibitions
Church of Santa María, cathedral built in the 13th century, in Gothic style
Iglesia de San Mateo, a 15th-century church built on the site of a former mosque
Iglesia de San Francisco Javier (18th century), in Baroque style
Iglesia de San Juan, large majestic church built between the 13th and 15th century
Hermitage of San Antonio Iglesia de Santo Domingo
Hermitage de la Paz
Church of Santiago
Wall
Torre de Bujaco (12th century)
Arco de la Estrella (18th century)
Torre de Sande (14th–15th centuries)
Palaces and stately homes
Palacio de los Golfines de Abajo. Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Fernando I lived here
Palacio del Comendador de Alcuescar
Palacio de los Golfines de Arriba
Palacio-Fortaleza de los Torreorgaz, today a Parador hotel
Palacio de Carvajal (15th century)
Palacio casa de los Becerra
Gallery
References
World Heritage Sites in Spain
Cáceres, Spain
Historic districts in Spain |
Katherine Grace Hammack (born November 23, 1959) is the former United States Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy and Environment), having assumed office on June 28, 2010, and completing her appointment on January 20, 2017. She then returned to her previous employer, Ernst & Young LLP, as executive director in the Government and Public Sector Advisory practice.
Biography
Born Katherine Grace Dellett in Washington, D.C., she was educated at Oregon State University, earning a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering with a specialization in HVAC in 1981. She later received an M.B.A. from the University of Hartford in 1990.
Hammack's career focused on energy and sustainability advisory services. Specifically, she has worked on the evaluation of energy conservation projects, including ventilation upgrades, room air distribution, indoor air quality, lighting efficiency, cogeneration, sustainable design, solar energy, and building operations.
From November 1995 to March 2001, Hammack was a senior account executive for Arizona Public Service. From March 2001 to June 2010, she worked as a senior manager in the Ernst & Young Climate Change and Sustainability Services practice. There, her work focused on helping her clients achieve LEED certification.
In January 2010, President of the United States Barack Obama nominated Hammack to be Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy and Environment) and, after Senate confirmation, she was sworn into office on June 28, 2010.
On August 7, 2017, it was announced that she would return to her previous employer, Ernst & Young LLP, as executive director in the Government and Public Sector Advisory practice.
References
Biography from the Dept. of the Army
External links
1959 births
Living people
People from Washington, D.C.
Oregon State University alumni
University of Hartford alumni
American mechanical engineers
United States Army women civilians
Obama administration personnel
21st-century American women
Assistant Secretaries of the Army for Installations, Energy and Environment |
吉爾巴赫河是德國的河流，位於北萊茵-威斯特法倫州，河道全長28.5公里，發源自貝格海姆，河口處在諾伊斯，最終注入埃爾夫特河。
莱茵河流域 |
新生儿肛瘘啥症状？肛瘘是一种肛肠疾病，也是现实生活中比较常见的一种疾病。现在很多宝宝也会患上肛瘘。这对宝宝的健康成长有很大的影响。患有肛瘘以后，会出现疼痛瘙痒流脓等不适感，所以家长在发现宝宝患有肛瘘时，一定要及时的带宝宝到医院进行治疗。肛瘘是一种肛肠疾病，也是现实生活中比较常见的一种疾病。现在很多宝宝也会患上肛瘘。这对宝宝的身体健康和发育有很大的影响。所以爸爸妈妈在发现宝宝患有肛瘘时，一定要及时的带宝宝到国家正规医院进行检查治疗。1，宝宝在患上肛瘘以后，会因为肛门周围皮肤分泌物的刺激，出现瘙痒的症状，经常用手去抓挠肛门儿部位，妈妈这时检查一下宝宝的肛门周围，会发现宝宝肛门周围的皮肤变色，表皮有脱落。宝宝还会因为肛门瘙痒而哭闹不止。这时妈妈一定要给宝宝进行清洗，这样可以缓解一会儿到不适。2，宝宝在患有肛瘘以后还会出现流脓的症状。一般刚形成的肛瘘流脓比较多。味道很臭，颜色发黄，慢慢的逐渐减少，时有时无，呈白色。由于肛瘘患者的瘘管不受控制，还会一个劲儿的放屁。患者除了肛门儿部位会比较难受意外，还会出现变瘦，贫血的现象，非常的虚弱。3，患有肛瘘以后还会非常的疼痛。肛瘘不仅在排便的时候疼痛。由于粪便进入瘘管直接与伤口接触，所以患者会感觉肛门处有微微的肿胀不适感，这样患者在走路的时候也会特别的不方便。肛瘘患者一定要及时的到医院进行治疗，通过自身治愈是不可能的。注意宝宝的身体抵抗力比较弱，所以很容易患上各种疾病。妈妈在发现孩子身体不适时，要及时到带孩子到医院进行治疗，在治疗同时一定要注意孩子的卫生，每天都要使用温开水清洗孩子的肛门部位，这样能够防止细菌感染，减轻肛瘘病情。 |
孕妇肛周脓肿的最佳治疗方法？肛周皮下脓肿，属于最表浅的脓肿，肛周脓肿是一种肛门直肠化脓性传染，但是，很多人对肛周脓肿领会的不够深入，往往把肛周脓肿当成，以至有的患者直到肛周脓肿发展成肛瘘自己也浑然不知是什么原因，分布在肛缘皮下和两侧的有很多，感染途径是肛窦和肛缘皮肤，病灶多局限，很少向周围蔓延，会形成局限性红肿，疼痛明显，但很少发热，会阴筋膜下脓肿，位于肛门前侧，感染途径是肛门前侧的肛窦和裂伤的肛管皮肤，所以内口一般也位于此处，发病后如果没有得到及时治疗，往往会向阴囊蔓延，表现同皮下脓肿，肛管后间隙脓肿，位于肛门后侧，分深浅两层，浅层和肛周皮下间隙相通，深层通向两侧坐骨直肠，感染途径是齿线处后侧肛窦和肛门后侧裂口，内口多在后正位置，发病后易向两侧蔓延，疼痛明显，发热或不发热，局部红肿明显。在截石位或侧卧下，用局麻或腰麻，在脓肿部位做放射状切口，放出脓液后，伸入食指探查脓腔大小，分开其间隔，必要时将切口边缘皮肤切开少许，以利引流，最后用凡士林纱条放入脓腔做引流，平时应该饮清淡易消化的食品，忌食腥、辣刺激性食物，因为饮食不当可导致大便干燥，干硬的粪便排出时，可以撕破肛瓣和擦伤肛门皮肤、黏膜，使细菌容易从伤口进入肛周组织引起感染形成脓肿，所以平素要多吃含纤维多的食物，如红薯、芹菜、茄子、香蕉、玉米等。孕妇肛门脓肿一旦形成，应立即早期切开，减低局部张力，以阻断其扩散和向四周的蔓延，在脓肿清创时，应切除病变的肛隐窝，尽可能寻找内口所在，不论何种肛周脓肿，均应予以一次性根治，不留肛瘘等症。 |
Citizen Effect is a Washington, D.C. based registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit that provides citizens with the tools they need to support a small-scale philanthropy project. Originally called 1Well, Citizen Effect was founded in 2008 and has completed 100 projects around the world.
Operations
Citizen Effect sponsors small-scale projects related to clean energy, education, food security, health, water and sanitation. People interested in funding a project can browse current projects on Citizen Effect’s website and sign up. After choosing a project, people raise money from their social networks, receiving fundraising advice from Citizen Effect’s staff. When projects are fully funded, Citizen Effect and its field partners provide regular project updates.
History
Dan Morrison, Citizen Effect’s Founder and CEO, was working as a management consultant when he was invited to visit the Self-Employed Women's Association of India in 2008. During his trip, he learned about the plight of Vachharajpur, a small village in Gujarat that lacked safe drinking water. Morrison raised $5,000 from his friends and family in the US to build a well in Vacharajpur, inspiring him to found an organization dedicated to connecting everyday citizens to at-risk communities across the world. Start-up money for Citizen Effect was provided by Google CEO Eric Schmidt.
References
External links
CitizenEffect.org is no longer owned by Citizen Effect.
Official SEWA website
Charities based in Washington, D.C.
Organizations established in 2009 |
Galion City School District is a public school district (number 1705) serving students in the city of Galion, Ohio, United States. The school district enrolls 2,193 students as of the 2008–2009 academic year.
Schools
Elementary schools
Dawsett Elementary School (Grades K through 3rd) (Demolished in 2008)
North Elementary School (Grades K through 3rd) (Demolished in 2008)
Renschville Elementary School (Grades 4th and 5th) (Demolished in 2008)
Galion Primary School (Grades Pre-K through 2nd)
Galion Intermediate School (Grades 3rd through 5th)
Middle schools
Galion Middle School (Grades 6th through 8th)
High schools
Galion High School (Grades 9th through 13th)
References
External links
Galion City School District website
School districts in Ohio
Education in Crawford County, Ohio |
Earthtones is the fourth studio album by Canadian musician Bahamas, and was released on January 19, 2018.
Release
The album was released on January 19, 2018 on CD, vinyl, and digital download.
Singles
The lead single of the album was "No Wrong", which was released on October 26, 2017. A music video from the song was released on YouTube on November 12, 2017. The second single, "Way with Words", was released on December 5, 2017, along with a music video to accompany it. "Bad Boys Need Love Too" was released as the third single from the album on January 10, 2018. "No Expectations" was released as the fourth single on May 14, 2018.
Promotion
Bahamas performed as the opening act for Jack Johnson during his All the Light Above it Too World Tour in 2017. Then on October 26, 2017, he announced his own Earthtones World Tour along with the release of "No Wrong". The tour began on January 17, 2018 in Montreal and concluded on May 20, 2018 at the Hangout Festival in Gulf Shores, Alabama.
Reception
The album received a nomination for the 2019 Grammy Awards, for Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical.
At the Juno Awards of 2019, the album won the Juno Award for Adult Alternative Album of the Year, and Ali Eisner's video for the song "No Depression" won the Juno Award for Video of the Year.
Track listing
Charts
References
2018 albums
Bahamas (musician) albums
Juno Award for Adult Alternative Album of the Year albums |
椴树属的分布是?？椴树只分布在北半球；分布范围包括欧洲，亚洲和北美东部，而以亚洲的物种最多。 |
宝宝吃药后皮肤过敏怎么办？有不少宝宝都对于药物是过敏的，这部分的人对于药物的服用是非常谨慎的。更可怕的是，如果这些人吃了药物发生了过敏现象，不能够及时处理的话，会给他们带来很多的危害，甚至有可能会影响到他们的身体健康。那么宝宝吃药后皮肤过敏怎么办呢？一、宝宝出现了过敏的症状，通常会产生瘙痒的感觉，尤其是药物过敏，这种症状会更加明显。家长的应该要防止挠痒行为，可以采用一些止痒的药物进行治疗，避免宝宝手部的微生物感染患病的区域，形成恶性循环，平常要保护手部的健康，不要接触有害的物品。二、要及时清洁口水、流汗。小孩子如果经常流口水，很容易细菌感染，嘴部过敏症状。所以家长们还是要注意，如果让孩子经常出现流口水的现象，那么就要及时清理干净。另外，要维持室内适当的温度，不要出现皮肤干燥的现象。如果室内的温度和湿度太低，都很容易导致皮肤出现缺水，从而影响抵抗力。三、平常要尽量远离接触刺激物。如果吃药过敏的症状越来越严重，那么平时就要注意个人卫生，不要接触香水杀虫剂等等对皮肤有刺激性的物质。平时可以通过空气滤化器净化室内的空气，有助于隔离其中的细菌。无论是采用哪一种方法给宝宝治疗药物过敏，都是比较痛苦的。所以说，在平时的时候我们的家长朋友要知道自己的孩子对什么药物是过敏的，不要让自己的孩子吃那些药物。这样就可以很好的避免的发生，又可以让自己的孩子少受一些病痛的折磨。要注意一点，在自己的皮肤开始过敏了之后最好是不要盲目治疗，也不能继续使用化妆品之类的物品，这样是会引起皮肤过敏的现象变得越来越严重的，还会使皮肤受到刺激。 |
小法兰西（Petite-France）是法国斯特拉斯堡的一个历史区域。1988年被列入世界遗产名录。小法兰西位于大岛（Grande Île），伊尔河在那里分岔为许多条运河，穿过的一小片地区布满中世纪木桁架房屋和巴洛克风格的砂岩建筑。
历史
“小法兰西”这个名称来源于15世纪末期的一所梅毒病院，而梅毒当时在一些地方也称为法国病（Franzosenkrankheit）。
在小法兰西可以看到大量的半木构架建筑（maisons à colombages），其中最著名的是制革工坊（La maison des tanneurs）和哈德尔大宅。
该区在第二次世界大战期间曾被完全摧毁，战后重建。
风景
参考文献
外部链接
UNESCO
Carte de MSN
斯特拉斯堡旅遊景點 |
Bob Whitsitt is a former sports executive in both the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the National Football League (NFL). He has served as the general manager (or in an equivalent role) for three teams: the Seattle SuperSonics and Portland Trail Blazers of the NBA, and the Seattle Seahawks of the NFL. Whitsitt, commonly known as "Trader Bob" for his penchant for making blockbuster deals, has met with mixed success in both leagues.
Seattle SuperSonics
He likes to bill himself as the architect of the 1995-1996 Sonics team that went to the NBA Finals (and lost to the Chicago Bulls); several years before that Whitsitt shocked many observers by drafting Shawn Kemp, a promising player who had never played a game of college ball. At the end of the 1993–94 NBA season, he was awarded the NBA Executive of the Year Award after the SuperSonics went from 55 to 27 (and third in the Western Conference) the previous season to a 63–19 record and the number 1 seed in the Western Conference. However, after a falling-out with then Sonics owner Barry Ackerley, Whitsitt resigned his position with the Sonics in 1994 and took an equivalent job with the Portland Trail Blazers, owned by Paul Allen. In the eight seasons he was the general manager of the SuperSonics, the team had a total record of 377–279.
Portland Trail Blazers
During the first two years of his tenure, Whitsitt oversaw an aging roster that had been to the Finals earlier in the decade, but needed serious retooling.
In the 1996 off-season, Whitsitt began to make his mark with several moves. He traded for guard Isaiah Rider and forward Rasheed Wallace, and signed guard Kenny Anderson to a free agent contract. He also drafted high-school player Jermaine O'Neal in the draft. These moves made the Blazers a better team in the short run (in 1999 and 2000 the Blazers advanced to the Western Conference finals), but criminal activity of some players Whitsitt acquired began to grate on the Portland fan base; many started to refer to the team as the "Jail Blazers".
Whitsitt's reputation started to turn sour after the 2000 season, when the team executed several controversial moves. Popular player Brian Grant opted out of the final three years of his contract and was traded away in exchange for Shawn Kemp; and center-forward Jermaine O'Neal was traded for Dale Davis. Both players were unhappy with their roles and asked to be traded. These moves were made to push the team "over the hump" (the Blazers went to the Western Conference finals), but they backfired spectacularly—Kemp struggled with both on and off-court issues before being waived by the Blazers prior to the 2002–03 season, while O'Neal went on to become an All-Star for the Indiana Pacers. In addition, Whitsitt further alienated the Portland fan base by acquiring Seattle forward Ruben Patterson, a convicted sex offender, via free agency.
Even before the disastrous 2000 off-season, many questioned Whitsitt's evaluation of basketball talent. For one thing, Whitsitt never shied away from players with checkered pasts; this often upset fans; it was also alleged that such players—while talented—lacked the emotional maturity necessary to be a "winner". For another thing, Whitsitt was accused of not paying attention to team "chemistry", or how the various players might interact on the floor (or in the locker room). Whitsitt himself was famously quoted as saying that he "never studied chemistry in college". The result of this, it is claimed, are teams that make inefficient use of the talents available; or which are "less than the sum of their parts". Whitsitt has also been criticized for attempting to stock teams with "All-Star" caliber players (including for bench roles), leading to conflicts over playing time and reduced team camaraderie.
Many other players acquired by Whitsitt have had significant off-court or legal issues (either with the Blazers or elsewhere); these include:
Gary Trent (drafted in 1995)
Jermaine O'Neal (drafted in 1996)
Rasheed Wallace (acquired by trade in 1996)
Isaiah Rider (acquired by trade in 1996)
Damon Stoudamire (acquired by trade in 1998)
Bonzi Wells (drafted in 1999)
Shawn Kemp (acquired by trade in 2000)
Rod Strickland (signed as free agent in 2001)
Zach Randolph (drafted in 2001)
Ruben Patterson (signed as free agent in 2001)
Qyntel Woods (drafted in 2002)
After the 2003 season, Whitsitt resigned his position with the Trail Blazers and was replaced with Steve Patterson as the team president and John Nash as the general manager. In his 9 seasons, the Trail Blazers had gone 426–280 with postseason appearances in every season and one division title, but after two straight seasons of losing in the Conference Finals they failed to get past the first round in the following three seasons as GM, with the team falling to 10th place in the conference the season after his resignation.
Seattle Seahawks
Several years after hiring Whitsitt to run the Trail Blazers; Paul Allen gave him a second role as president of the Seattle Seahawks in 1997. Whitsitt is a self-proclaimed "basketball guy", being more knowledgeable about basketball than about football; for this reason his role with the Seahawks was primarily involved with business management. Decisions on players were generally left to others, until after his resignation in 2003 as GM of the Trail Blazers, when he installed himself as the ultimate decision maker of personnel in the Seahawks organization. This caused much friction due to his poor decision-making and basketball background making him poorly suited as an NFL GM, especially with coach Mike Holmgren over the possibility of letting Matt Hasselbeck leave the team for free agency. The powerplay is generally viewed as the catalyst that ultimately lead to his firing after the 2004 season.
While president of the Seahawks, Whitsitt oversaw three major changes to the team. First, he helped negotiate the development of CenturyLink Field, the stadium the team plays its home games in (this facility replaced the aging Kingdome). Second, Whitsitt hired Mike Holmgren (formerly of the Green Bay Packers as coach of the Seahawks (and later as general manager), and third, the team moved from the American Football Conference (where it played from 1977 to 2001) back to the National Football Conference (where they played in their inaugural season of 1976) in 2002.
In 2004, Whitsitt was diagnosed with a growth on his colon (which was surgically removed); he made a full recovery.
After the 2004–2005 season, in a move which has been widely praised by both the Portland and Seattle sports media, Whitsitt was suddenly (and unexpectedly) fired as president of the Seahawks after losing a power struggle with Holmgren; he was replaced in that position by Tim Ruskell. The move paid dividends, as the following year the Seahawks won the NFC championship, advancing to Super Bowl XL.
Personal life
Whitsitt and his wife now run a business consulting practice in the Seattle area.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
National Football League general managers
Ohio State University alumni
Portland Trail Blazers executives
Seattle Seahawks executives
Seattle SuperSonics executives
Seattle SuperSonics general managers
Wisconsin–Stevens Point Pointers baseball players
Wisconsin–Stevens Point Pointers football players
Wisconsin–Stevens Point Pointers men's basketball players |
The Metsähovi Radio Observatory is an astronomical observatory in Finland, affiliated with the Aalto University. Its main premises are in Metsähovi, Kirkkonummi, 35 kilometers west of the university's Otaniemi campus.
The observatory currently operates a diameter radio telescope, and has an array of four dishes to serve as a compact interferometer called the 'Metsähovi Compact Array', as well as several smaller radio telescopes and instruments. The observatory is staffed by some 20 researchers, engineers, and students, mostly from Aalto University and the Finnish Centre for Astronomy with the ESO.
The observatory has been operational since 1974 and active in the fields of:
Fundamental research in radio astronomy
Development of instruments needed in radio astronomy
Development of methods for radio astronomical measurements
Applied scientific computing
Space research
Education
The current research focuses on variable quasars, active galaxies, solar observations, and very long baseline interferometry. Metsähovi is as a member of the European VLBI Network.
The observatory observed the near-total Solar eclipse of March 20, 2015 at 11.2 and 37 GHz.
See also
List of astronomical observatories
List of radio telescopes
References
External links
Metsähovi Radio Observatory
Astronomical observatories in Finland |
格洛特塔尔（德语：）是德国巴登-符腾堡州的一个市镇。总面积30.76平方公里，总人口3025人，其中男性1499人，女性1526人（2011年12月31日），人口密度98人/平方公里。
参见
巴登-符腾堡州市镇列表
参考
巴登-符腾堡州市镇 |
以下是2002年12月以后的法国天主教教区列表。法国教省地图在2002年进行改组，以与行政区域更加一致。这意味着新成立了几个教省，以及废除了几个教省，但是总主教的头衔得以保留。作为历史的产物，尤其是法国大革命的影响，有些教区以数座城市命名，但只有第一个城市才是真正的主教驻地。
在法国，大多数教区与省一致，但也有少数例外，有些专区受设在外省的教区管理，或在省内组成单独的教区（出现在人口众多的省，例如北部省或罗讷河口省）。
法国主教团
贝桑松教省
（弗朗茨-孔代和洛林的一部分）
天主教贝桑松总教区 （ 杜省，减去蒙貝利亞爾专区）
天主教贝尔福-蒙貝利亞爾教区（贝尔福地区和蒙貝利亞爾专区）
天主教南锡教区 （默尔特-摩泽尔省）
天主教圣克洛德教区 （汝拉省）
天主教圣迪耶教区 （孚日省）
天主教凡尔登教区 （默兹省）
波尔多教省
（阿基坦）
天主教波尔多总教区（吉伦特省）
天主教阿让教区 （洛特-加龙省）
天主教艾尔教区 （朗德省）
天主教巴约讷教区 （大西洋比利牛斯省）
天主教佩里格教区 （多尔多涅省）
克莱蒙费朗教省
（奥弗涅）
天主教克莱蒙总教区（多姆山省）2002年升格
天主教勒皮教区（上卢瓦尔省）
天主教穆兰教区（阿列省）
天主教圣弗卢尔教区（康塔尔省）
第戎教省
（勃艮第）
天主教第戎总教区 （科多尔省）2002年升格
天主教桑斯总教区 （约讷省）
天主教欧坦教区 （索恩-卢瓦尔省）
天主教讷韦尔教区 （涅夫勒省）
天主教法國傳教團自治監督區
里尔教省
（北部-加来海峡）
天主教里尔总教区 （北部省的敦刻尔克和里尔专区） 2008年升格
天主教康布雷总教区 （北部省的埃尔普河畔阿韦讷、康布雷、杜埃、瓦朗谢讷专区）
天主教阿拉斯教区 （加来海峡省）
里昂教省
（罗讷-阿尔卑斯）
天主教里昂总教区 （罗讷省和卢瓦尔的罗阿讷专区）
天主教尚贝里总教区 （萨瓦省）
天主教阿讷西教区 （上萨瓦省）
天主教貝萊-阿爾教區 （安省）
天主教格勒诺布尔-維埃納教区 （伊泽尔省）
天主教圣艾蒂安教区 （卢瓦尔省，减去罗阿讷专区）
天主教瓦朗斯教区 （德龙省）
天主教维维耶教区 （阿尔代什省）
马赛教省
（普罗旺斯-阿尔卑斯-蓝色海岸）
天主教马赛总教区 （罗讷河口省马赛专区） 2002年升格
天主教艾克斯总教区 （罗讷河口省，减去马赛专区）
天主教阿维尼翁总教区 （沃克吕兹省）
天主教阿雅克肖教区 （南科西嘉省和上科西嘉省）
天主教迪涅教区 （上普罗旺斯阿尔卑斯省）
天主教弗雷瑞斯-土伦教区 （瓦尔省）
天主教加普教区 （上阿尔卑斯省）
天主教尼斯教区 （阿尔卑斯滨海省）
蒙彼利埃教省
（朗格多克-鲁西永）
天主教蒙彼利埃总教区 （埃罗省）2002年升格
天主教卡尔卡松教区 （奥德省）
天主教芒德教区 （洛泽尔省）
天主教尼姆教区 （加尔省）
天主教佩皮尼昂-埃爾恩教区 （东比利牛斯省）
巴黎教省
（法兰西岛）
天主教巴黎总教区 （巴黎省）
天主教克雷泰伊教区 （瓦勒德马恩省）
天主教埃夫里-科爾贝伊-埃松教區 （埃松省）
天主教莫城教区 （塞纳-马恩省）
天主教楠泰尔教区 （上塞纳省）
天主教蓬图瓦茲教区 （瓦勒德瓦兹省）
天主教圣但尼教区 （塞纳-圣但尼省）
天主教凡尔赛教区 （伊夫林省）
普瓦捷教省
（普瓦图-夏朗德和利穆赞）
天主教普瓦捷总教区 （维埃纳省和德塞夫勒省）2002年升格
天主教昂古莱姆教区 （夏朗德省）
天主教拉罗谢尔教区 （滨海夏朗德省）
天主教利摩日教区 （上维埃纳省）
天主教蒂勒教区 （科雷兹省）
兰斯教省
（香槟-阿登和皮卡迪）
天主教兰斯总教区 （马恩省兰斯专区和阿登省）
天主教亚眠教区 （索姆省）
天主教博韦教区 （瓦兹省）
天主教沙隆教区 （马恩省，减去兰斯专区）
天主教朗格勒教区 （上马恩省）
天主教苏瓦松教区 （埃纳省）
天主教特鲁瓦教区 （奥布省）
雷恩教省
（布列塔尼和卢瓦尔河地区）
天主教雷恩总教区 （伊勒-维莱讷省）
天主教昂热教区 （曼恩-卢瓦尔省）
天主教拉瓦勒教区 （马耶讷省）
天主教勒芒教区 （萨尔特省）
天主教吕松教区 （旺代省）
天主教南特教区 （大西洋卢瓦尔省）
天主教坎佩尔教区 （菲尼斯泰尔省）
天主教圣布里厄教区 （阿摩尔滨海省）
天主教瓦讷教区 （莫尔比昂省）
鲁昂教省
（上诺曼底和下诺曼底）
天主教鲁昂总教区 （滨海塞纳省，减去勒阿弗尔专区）
天主教巴约教区 （卡尔瓦多斯省）
天主教库唐斯教区 （芒什省）
天主教埃夫勒教区 （厄尔省）
天主教勒阿弗尔教区 （滨海塞纳省勒阿弗尔专区）
天主教塞鎮教區 （奥恩省）
图卢兹教省
（南部-比利牛斯）
天主教图卢兹总教区 （上加龙省）
天主教阿尔比总教区 （塔恩省）
天主教欧什总教区 （热尔省）
天主教卡奥尔教区 （洛特省）
天主教蒙托邦教区 （塔恩-加龙省）
天主教帕米耶教区 （阿列日省）
天主教罗德兹教区 （阿韦龙省）
天主教塔布-卢尔德教区 （上比利牛斯省）
图尔教省
（中央）
天主教图尔总教区 （安德尔-卢瓦尔省）
天主教布尔日总教区 （谢尔省和安德尔省）
天主教布卢瓦教区 （卢瓦-谢尔省）
天主教沙特尔教区 （厄尔-卢瓦省）
天主教奥尔良教区 （卢瓦雷省）
直属教廷
天主教斯特拉斯堡总教区 （阿尔萨斯：下莱茵省和上莱茵省）
天主教梅斯教区 （摩泽尔省）
歐洲大陸以外
安的列斯主教团
马提尼克教省
（马提尼克 、瓜德罗普 、法属圭亚那 ）
天主教法兰西堡总教区 （马提尼克）
天主教巴斯特爾教區 （瓜德罗普）
天主教卡宴教区 （法属圭亚那）
太平洋主教团
帕皮提教省
天主教帕皮提总教区 （法属波利尼西亚，减去马克萨斯群岛
天主教泰奥海伊教区 （马克萨斯群岛）
努美阿教省
天主教努美亚总教区 （新喀里多尼亚）
天主教瓦利斯和富图纳教区 （瓦利斯及富图纳群岛）
直屬教廷
天主教聖皮埃爾和密克隆群島宗座代牧區
天主教留尼旺的聖但尼教區
参考文献
欧洲天主教教区列表
法国宗教列表 |
Burkholderia plantarii is a Gram-negative soil bacterium. Its specific name comes from the Latin plantarium (seedbed).
Burkholderia vandii is a synonym of this species, which was named after the orchid Vanda, where it was first found.
References
External links
Type strain of Burkholderia plantarii at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
Burkholderiaceae
Bacteria described in 1994 |
watch is a command-line tool, part of the Linux and packages, that runs the specified command repeatedly and displays the results on standard output so the user can watch it change over time. By default, the command is run every two seconds, although this is adjustable with the -n secs argument. Since the command is passed to sh -c, it may be necessary to encase it in quotes for it to run correctly.
Syntax
watch [options] command [command options]
Example
watch "ps -e | grep php"
This will generate a list of processes every two seconds, filter for all lines that contain the word "php", and display the results on the screen. The output might look something like this:
Every 2s: ps -e | grep php Tue Jan 30 14:56:33 2007
reconst 30028 0.0 0.0 7044 2596 ? S Jan23 0:00 vim -r core/html_api.php
cinonet 28009 0.0 0.2 20708 11064 ? SN Jan25 0:30 php5.cgi
donoiz 23810 0.0 0.2 22740 10996 ? SN Jan27 0:30 php.cgi 43/pdf
The watch command is useful for viewing changes over time, like repeatedly running the ls -l command to watch a file's size change, or running ps as in the above example to monitor certain processes continuously.
Arguments
-d – Highlights differences between iterations
-h – Displays a help message, then exits
-n secs – Specifies the interval between executions of the command in seconds
-t – Tells watch not to display the header
-v – Prints version information, then exits
See also
List of Unix commands
External links
procps
procps-ng
Linux process- and task-management-related software |
羅克福德鎮區（）是位於美國愛荷華州弗洛伊德縣的一個行政鎮區。
地方資料
根據2010年美國人口普查的數據，羅克福德鎮區的面積為109.89平方千米，當中陸地面積為109.89平方千米，而水域面積為0.00平方千米。當地共有人口1331人，而人口密度為每平方千米12.11人。
參考文獻
艾奧瓦州鎮區
弗洛伊德縣鎮區 (愛荷華州) |
孩子多动症需要补什么？多动症是儿童目前较为高发的一种疾病，主要就是表现在上课时注意力不能够集中，总是会做些小动作，这样不仅影响自己的听课质量，同时也影响到别人听课。这个时候就需要给多动症的孩子补充营养了。儿童多动症发病的年龄大概在6-14岁，而以6-8岁发病率最高。儿童在这个年龄阶段的发育特点是脏腑的功能蓬勃旺盛，而营养物质相对消耗过多了。多动症的诱发因素是体内的血铅含量过高了。补充锌以及硒，可以帮助降低体内铅的含量。还会使曾被铅损伤的体质有所恢复。微量元素的锌和硒对重金属元素有一种抵制作用，能够对铅物质的排除有一定的作用，从而能够达到治疗多动症的目的。平时多吃含锌、硒丰富的食物，如鱼、花生、瘦肉、芝麻、奶制品、蘑菇、鸡蛋、大蒜等。当缺锌情况较为严重的时候，会使患儿身体的体质减弱，而且还会是机体的免疫能力以及抵抗能力也随之下降。由于较弱的身体情况，非常容易被外界的病毒以及细菌所侵扰，这些物质的侵入还会导致交叉感染的现象，对多动症病人的康复很不利。充足摄入含锌类的食物，不仅能够保持体内物质代谢所需酶的活性，还能够保证体内的酸碱代谢的平衡，以及正常的生殖功能。如果体内对锌类物质缺失较严重的话，会对体内正常的免疫细胞功能有明显的阻碍，并且对体内淋巴细胞的正常数量造成影响，出现细胞数目降低的现象。多动症儿童可能是先天因素造成的，也有可能是后天因素造成的，我们建议平时多吃一些含有锌的食物，这样不仅能让我们身体的免疫力增强，同时还可以预防多动症的发生，是一举两得的事情。 |
吴方之可以指：
吳光義，字方之，明朝政治人物
吳方思，字方之，明朝政治人物
三字吴姓人名消歧义 |
HD 86321，又名BD+84 225，SAO 1637、HR 3934，是一颗恒星，视星等为6.37，位于銀經127.59，銀緯31.66，其B1900.0坐标为赤經，赤緯。
参考文献
86321
3934
1637 |
Taksin Maharat National Park () is a national park in Tak Province, Thailand. Home to Thailand's largest tree, the park also features waterfalls, caves, and rock formations.
Geography
Taksin Maharat National Park is west of Tak town in Mae Sot District. The park's area is 93,126 rai ~ . The mountains of the Thanon Thongchai Range run through the park's centre.
History
It is believed that the Burmese King Alaungpaya used to march his army through this area. The park's original name was Ton Krabak Yai National Park, named for the park's enormous krabak tree. On 23 December 1981, the park was designated Thailand's 38th national park. It was later renamed Taksin Maharat National Park ("King Taksin the Great") in honour of King Taksin of the Thonburi Kingdom.
Sights
Ton Krabak Yai (ต้นกระบากใหญ่) The park's main attraction is Ton Krabak Yai, a 700-year-old krabak tree measuring in height and in circumference. The tree is believed to be the largest in Thailand.
Saphan Hin (Stone Bridge) (สะพานหินธรรมชาติ) Saphan Hin is a natural stone bridge spanning two cliffs with a stream flowing beneath. The formation is high and long. Nearby is the Tran Loard Krow Cave featuring stalactites and stalagmites.
Namtok Pang A Noi (น้ำตกปางอ้าน้อย) This middle-sized waterfall flows all year round. It is around 20 m high, and around 2 km away from Ton Krabak Yai to the east.
Namtok Mae Ya Pa (น้ำตกแม่ย่าป้า) This mid–sized waterfall originates from Lam Huai Mae Ya Pa in a dense forest. It flows in layers along the creek into Lam Huai Mae Tho.
Namtok Sam Muen Thung (น้ำตกสามหมื่นทุ่ง) This giant waterfall of 30 m high originates from Lam Huai Sam Muen Luang and flows year round.
Flora and fauna
Ton Krabak Yai (Anisoptera costata) is part of the park's lower-elevation dipterocarp forest. Evergreen and pine forests inhabit the park's higher elevations. Other tree species include Baccaurea ramiflora and Toona ciliata.
Animal species include sambar, northern red muntjac, common palm civet, mongoose, treeshrew and wild boar. The park is a noted bird watching area, with species including ashy drongo, barn swallow, black-naped oriole, collared scops owl, great barbet, greater coucal, green pigeon, olive-backed sunbird, Oriental white-eye, plaintive cuckoo, scarlet minivet, sooty-headed bulbul, spotted dove, tiger shrike, forest wagtail, and Chinese pond heron.
See also
List of national parks of Thailand
List of Protected Areas Regional Offices of Thailand
References
National parks of Thailand
Geography of Tak province
Tourist attractions in Tak province
1981 establishments in Thailand
Protected areas established in 1981 |
辰巳村是中国湖北省天门市竟陵办事处的一个村，由11个村民小组组成，总人口在2000人左右。邻近天门市城区，原隶属于天门市陆羽办事处，2001年陆羽办事处撤销，辰已村划归天门市竟陵办事处。行政区划代码：429006001211 邮编：431700 固定电话区号：0728
村名来历
“辰巳”二字来源于十二地支： 子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥 里面的“辰”和“巳”。元末时期朱元璋带兵打仗经过这里，下令士兵在这里扎营休息，在辰时和已时4小时内士兵用土堆了一个很大的台子。后来这里就成为辰巳村，也称辰巳台。
天门市 |
苍耳子的药理作用是什么?？降血糖：所含白色结晶性甙(C31H-48O24S2)1mg/kg，可使正常家兔血糖下降。对呼吸系统作用：苍耳子100%煎剂0.3ml/只灌胃，对小鼠有镇咳作用；15ml/kg对兔无祛痰作用。酊剂注射，对蛙有呼吸兴奋作用，大剂量则为抑制作用。对心血管作用：苍耳子注射液静注，对兔、犬均有短暂降压作用。抗炎作用：本品所含的二萜羟酸苍术甙经大鼠角叉菜胶水肿试验表明有抗炎作用。腹腔注射、皮下注射和口服LD50分别为2.9，5.3和350mg／kg。苍耳子煎剂在体外对金黄色葡萄球菌有某些抑菌作用，其丙酮或乙醇提取物在体外对红色毛癣菌也有抑菌作用。毒性：经分析，苍耳子油（曾加热到120）及其所含蛋白质（不溶于水且在提取过程中变性者）无明显毒性，而从脱脂部分制得的水浸剂毒性很大。从水浸剂中分离出一种甙类，可能是苍耳子的主要毒性成分。水浸泡后之残渣则毒性减少或无毒性。经高热处理后，如炒焦炭化，可破坏其毒性。小鼠1次腹腔注射半数致死量为0.93g／kg，大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠及家兔对不同途径给药的中毒表现基本相同，如活动减少，对外界刺激反应迟钝，呼吸不规则，死前呼吸极度困难，伴有阵发性惊厥。病理组织学检查，发现各种动物中毒后损害的主要脏器，除程度上的差异外，基本病变相同。肝脏退行性变或坏死；肾脏曲管上皮浊肿，管腔内有蛋白管型；肺和脑充血、水肿，心脏轻度浊肿。其中肝损害最为严重，与四氯化碳损害相似，故认为种仁浸剂中毒的主要原因为肝脏坏死，继发的脑组织水肿所致的惊厥，可能为死亡的直接原因。异丙嗪对中毒的家兔及豚鼠有预防及治疗的效果。磷脂、dl-甲硫氨基酸、胱氨酸、维生素C、维生素K3、维生素B12、苯海拉明、氨茶碱或葡萄糖亦有一定的效果。士的宁对家兔亦有一定疗效。阿托品、可拉明、氯丙嗪、巴比妥及去甲肾上腺素等则无效。也有人认为，动物中毒后发生的强烈阵发性惊厥，与苍耳子中所含的甙类物质使血糖显著的降低有关，注射大量葡萄糖，可缓解惊厥并延长寿命。苍耳子作成的酊剂能增强蛙的呼吸运动，大量即抑制呼吸。苍耳子煎剂在体外对金黄色葡萄球菌有某些抑菌作用，其丙酮或乙醇提取物在体外对红色毛癣菌也有抑菌作用。 |
The Funny Company is an American animated cartoon produced in 1963 and seen in syndication. Ken Snyder and Charles Koren produced 260 six-minute-long episodes (they later would create the cult favorite Roger Ramjet). The Mattel Corporation provided financial backing. Snyder conceived the program in response to then-Federal Communications Commission (FCC) chairman Newton N. Minow's call for more educational children's programs.
Plot
The Funny Company group resembled a club not unlike a Junior Achievement organization, that had a noseless smiley face used as the club logo; and most of the time, the stories would revolve around the Company being hired for different jobs to make a little money (yard work, house cleaning, babysitting, etc.) or doing something for charity (such as putting on shows). As time went on, the Company decided to make Shrinkin' Violette a movie star and were on their way to Hollywood.
Members included leader Buzzer Bell (rarely seen without his Funny Company cap), inventor Jasper N (for National) Parks, club secretary Polly Plum, rotund Merry Twitter (the giggly Betty Boop-soundalike club treasurer), club mascot Terry Dactyl (an actual pterodactyl, who was frozen many years ago in prehistoric times), shy Shrinkin' Violette (who could literally become smaller if she became embarrassed), and two Native American adults--Super Chief (named after the Santa Fe Railroad's crack passenger train) whose voice was an air horn of a single-chime railroad locomotive, and his translator Broken Feather. Another adult lending a hand was Professor Todd Goodheart with his supercomputer, the Weisenheimer.
The "Villainous Meanie" of the show, Belly Laguna (who was modeled after Hungarian-American actor Bela Lugosi, in his famous Dracula role) always tried to thwart the Funny Company's plans (for his own profit), but without any success. Another, less frequently seen adversary was a German-accented mad scientist type, Professor Ludwig Von Upp with his assistant Hans Von Henchman.
Each segment included a two-minute live-action short educational film, reinforcing the topic being discussed. Initially produced in black and white, the series switched after one season to full color, the closing credits ended with the message, "Keep Smiling!"
Syndication
The series was originally syndicated to local stations around the country, normally as part of a locally-produced children's show. The show first aired on both ABC and NBC affiliate (now only NBC) KOMU-TV Channel 8 in Jefferson City, Missouri on September 21, 1963, and was later carried on WOR-TV New York City three days later.
Formerly throughout its history, The Funny Company was broadcast on TBN's Smile of a Child TV network (now Smile) early on Monday mornings and late Friday nights until the show was pulled off the air in June 2016. This series was also known as a Chicago television original, especially on WGN-TV's Garfield Goose and Friends and in the 1980s on WPWR-TV.
The series sold internationally and ran for several years in Ireland and Australia.
Voice cast
Dick Beals—Buzzer Bell, Jasper N. Parks
Robie Lester—Polly Plum
Nancy Wible—Merry Twitter, Shrinkin' Violette
Ken Snyder—Terry Dactyl, Additional voices (also producer)
Tom Thomas—Broken Feather, Additional voices
Hal Smith—Dr. Todd Goodheart, Dr. Ludwig Von Upp, Belly Laguna, Weisenheimer, Hans Von Henchman, Additional voices
Credits
Executive Producer: Kenneth C.T. Snyder
Producer: Sam Nicholson
Co-Producer: Leo Salkin
Written and Created by Kenneth C.T. Snyder
Musical Direction: Jack Fascinato
Animators: Bob Bemiller, Brad Case, John Sparey, John Walker
Layout: Norm Gottfredson
Backgrounds: Rosemary O'Connor
Animation Checking: Maggi (Alcumbrac) Raymond
Picture and Sound Editor: Norm Vizents
Production Coordinator: Dave Hoffman
References
External links
American children's animated comedy television series
American children's animated education television series
American children's animated fantasy television series
1960s American animated television series
First-run syndicated television programs in the United States
1963 American television series debuts
1964 American television series debuts
Mattel |
盐酸环丙沙星滴耳液成分或处方？本品主要成分为盐酸环丙沙星。 |
George Khutsishvili Doctor of Philosophy, Professor (15November 19484October 2013), was a prominent Georgian public figure, one of the founders of conflictology in Georgia and the Caucasian region and a scientist in the field of peace and conflict studies. In 1994 he founded the independent non-for-profit and non-partisan International Center on Conflict and Negotiation (ICCN). Between 1995 and 2013 he was the publisher of Peace Times, Conflicts and Negotiations and Alternatives to Conflict’ amongst others. For many years he was invited to work as a professor at different leading universities in Georgia and abroad. George Khutsishvili made significant input into study of the essence of theoretical thinking and the problem of the infinite in the light of philosophy and mathematics (1970-80s). From the 1990s to the end of his days he dedicated his life to establishing and developing peace and conflict studies in Georgia.
Childhood
Khutsishvili was born on 15 November 1948 in Tbilisi to the family of Shota and Sophio (Samiko) Khutsishvili. He quickly developed a professional knowledge of Russian and English, and considered trilingual in English, Russian, Georgian, as well as a basic knowledge of German, Polish and the Italian languages.
Education and academic degrees
In 1966 Khutsishvili graduated from the Tbilisi I.N.Vekua phys-math secondary school N42, and enrolled in Tbilisi State University, in the department of mechanics and mathematics, from which he graduated in 1971. In 1976, he passed his PhD defense with a thesis on “Infinity and the Problem of its Abstraction in Science” and was awarded the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in 1977. The Supreme Attestation Commission (Moscow) awarded him the title of Professor of Philosophy in 1982. In 1987, he completed an intensive course in “English Language Simultaneous Translations” and was awarded a diploma. In 1991 he was invited to Kyiv due to his published work in Russian. In 1991 he was awarded a degree of Doctor of Philosophy by the Ukraine Academy of Sciences, In 1995, he was awarded the Harvard Law School Certificate of Negotiation Training of the Program of Instruction for Lawyers.
Professional activities
In 1971–1972, he worked as an applied mathematician at the Institute of Management Systems at the Academy of Sciences of Georgia. In 1972-1979 he worked as a researcher and then as a senior researcher at the Institute of Philosophy of the Georgian Academy of Sciences.
In 1979, Khutsishvili was elected deputy chair of the Methodological Council of the Academy of Sciences, and later was co-chair until 1988. He was frequently invited to deliver public lectures on democratic reforms, which the Methodological Council was conducting regularly in the period of Gorbachev's “Perestroika”. In October 1988, on behalf of the East German organization Kulturbund, Olaph Krebe, invited him to several leading universities in Germany to deliver a series of lectures (the Alexander Humboldt University, East Berlin, the Karl Marx University, and the Leipzig, Halle and Dresden Universities).
At the end of the 80s, Khutsishvili started researching various methodologies of finding water, biolocation, and bioenergy. His interest in this field was stirred after meeting with the representatives of American dowsers at a Conference in 1989 in the United States. Later, from the beginning of the 1990s, he became a member of the American Society of Dowsers. In 1989, the Institute of Neotic Sciences invited George Khutsishvili to conduct research and awarded him a membership for one year (1990-1991).
In 1988-1990 he went on to work as the head of the Department of Social Sciences at the Ministry of Education of Georgia. In 1992, the Tbilisi State Institute of Foreign languages and Pedagogical Sciences elected him full professor. He had earlier since 1981 held the position of associate professor and chair of Philosophy.
The State Committee for Human Rights and Ethnic Relations, established in 1992, opened the Centre for Conflict Analysis, especially for Professor George Khutsishvili. The Centre functioned for 1 year.
On 8 January 1993, Khutsishvili was invited to be a Research Fellow to the Centre for International Security and Arms Control, at Stanford University in the United States While there, he received funding from David Packard, The American press at that time spoke about George Khutsishvili as a “Fellowship Brings Unique Georgian Perspective to Stanford”. He was offered work as a consultant the following year in the same Centre, on ethnic conflicts in the post-Soviet space (1994–95).
In the spring of 1993 he was awarded a NATO Research Fellowship (Democratic Institutions Individual Fellowships Program) grant for “Caucasus Knot of Conflicts in Light of Growing Global Insecurity”. In 1994 he became associate professor of Conflict and Peace Studies at the Department of International Law and International Relations, at Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, where he worked until 2006.
In 1995 –1997, he was appointed professor of sociology at the American University of Hawaii's Tbilisi Campus. In 1995, he was elected Vice - President of the Academy of Georgian Philosophic Sciences,. He held this position through 1997. He in 1998, Khutsishvili was invited to the position of professor of Conflict Studies, at the Humanitarian-Technical Department of the Georgian Technical University, where he delivered lectures until 2001.
From 2001 to 2010, George Khutsishvili had been invited to be a member of several state commissions at different ministries to work on Caucasus oil/gas pipeline projects, public opinion and media, the development of a National Security Concept for Georgia, cooperation with civil society, conflict resolution, elections, and other issues.
In 2006–2011, he held the position of a full professor at the Georgian University. For many years, he worked as a member of the commission for selecting academic positions, and on the scientific board for granting degrees in the social sciences at Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University.
In 2008-2009 he worked as the Chief Investigator of the Multi-track Dialogue for the Georgian-Abkhazian Conflict, in an international programme supported by the European Commission. In 2001–2002, 2009, and 2011–2012, he was invited by the USAID to become a member of conflict assessment mission groups in Georgia.
International Centre on Conflict and Negotiation (ICCN)
Khutsishvili developed his interest in conflict resolution from the beginning of the 1990s. At that time, this field did not exist in Georgia, while in the west it was rather well developed. In that period, he worked in the Tbilisi Business School where he first introduced his course of studies in conflictology.
Upon his return from the United States in 1994, Khutsishvili established the first independent high-profile organization in Georgia, which gave birth to the Georgian educational and scientific programs on conflict and peace studies. George Khutsishvili and 63 other founding members launched their organization at a meeting held on 8 August 1994, where they established “The International Center on Conflicts and Negotiations Strategy”. He was granted status as the founder. This non-profit organization with international status was registered by the Department of Registration of the Ministry of Justice of Republic of Georgia on 3 October 1994.
On 30 December 1998, the name of the centre was changed to the International Center on Conflict and Negotiation (ICCN) ([www.ICCN.ge]). Khutsishvili headed the center until the end of his life. The Centre continues its activities and is a powerful, field-oriented NGO in Georgia, as well as in the Caucasian region.
Peace activities
Starting in 1995, he edited and issued trilingual magazines and bulletins which provided relevant expert and educational materials on conflict and peace issues for conflict affected
populations. With this, he made a valuable contribution to strengthening civil society; (“Conflicts and Negotiations” (1995-2001); “Alternative” (1996-1998); “Monada” (1997-1998); “Alternative to Conflict” (1998-2003); “Peace Times” (2001-2013)).
Since 1995, the foundation has been laid for Georgian-Abkhaz and Georgian-Ossetian dialogues, on the initiative of George Khutsishvili, in the format of public diplomacy. The International Centre on Conflict and Negotiation headed by Khutsishvili was a pioneer to start dialogue process. He addressed the Abkhaz people at the Conference (1995) in Moscow, proposing to start the first dialogue, where he met Manana Gurgulia and Roman Dbar. Kumar Rupesinkhe, who was then a representative of International Alert (IA), London, took an interest in Khutsishvili's idea, and later the first Georgian-Abkhazian dialogue project was implemented with Rupesinkhe's support. This project lasted for many years. The first Georgian-Abkhazian dialogue took place in July 1996. The process of a Georgian–Ossetian dialogue started in 1995. The famous scientist Roger Fisher contacted professor Khutsishvili and offered his cooperation in the Georgian–Ossetian and Georgian-Abkhazian format (Conflict Management Group (CMG) USA). This is how the Georgian–Ossetian dialogue started with the support and financial aid of the NRC (Norwegian Refugee Council). From the very start, this organization ensured their support to Khutsishvili's Centre in educational programs for IDPs (Internally Displaced Persons). The first Georgian-Ossetian meeting took place in January 1996, in Oslo, upon the request of the NRC.
In 1996, Khutsishvili held a joint seminar on “Developing a Regional Security Concept for the Caucasus” with NATO. This seminar attracted the attention of the West with the following message of his organization: “We need to develop the concept of regional security first, rather than the concepts of national security”. The working topic of this seminar was based on George Khutsishvili's idea, which he had proposed to NATO. In that period, NATO was developing the concept of national security in almost all post–Soviet countries, in order to help the nations. Khutsishvili's idea, which insisted that national security concepts could not be developed without regional security concepts, was considered, discussed and summarized at the seminar. The results were published in the following book in the Georgian and English languages: “Developing a Regional Security Concept for the Caucasus”, International Conference materials, 4–6 October 1996, Tbilisi, Georgia. Editor–George Khutsishvili, 1997. Later, NATO introduced the above approach to many other countries.
In 2003, he was one of the conveners of a special meeting that founded the “Public Movement against Religious Extremism” to counteract the violent actions of religious extremism that had been gaining momentum in that period. In 2003–2013, he was a member of the International Steering Group of the Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Conflict (GPPAC). Within the format of this network, he participated in the work of groups studying different conflicts all over the world. As well as that, he was a member of special missions for international conflict studies, prevention and resolution. The organization founded by George Khutsishvili continues its membership in the GPPAC network, and is its representative in the Caucasus.
The first NGO Congress was held in 2006 in Georgia, followed by the Second and Third NGO Congresses, in 2007 and 2008 respectively, in which Georgian NGOs participated extensively.
After the Russian-Georgian War in August 2008, the post-war rounds of Georgian-Russian meetings and negotiations started on the initiative of professor George Khutsishvili, which later was called the Istanbul Process, being named so due to it being the first post-war meeting ever, which was held in Istanbul in November 2008. This very first meeting laid the foundation for expert dialogue, which is still going on within the same format. By means of this dialogue, experts have studied the fundamental reasons of the conflict and the ways towards its resolution, jointly. The materials of this Georgian-Russian dialogue, and the ways discussed of overcoming the crises, have already been published in a book.
G. Khutsishvili was one of the initiators and a founder of the Public Constitutional Commission (PCC), www.konstitucia.ge), which was created in response to the existing political crisis in the country. This PCC united constitutionalists and public figures of the country in 2009–2011. The Public Constitutional Commission developed a completely revised version of the Constitution for the country, which was free from political and party interests. This version of the Constitution of Georgia, which was developed by the authorship of 17 commission members, was published on 9 April 2010 in a book form (an Expanded Concept of the New Edition of the Constitution of Georgia, Tbilisi, 9 April 2010, ).
Death
George Khutsishvili died unexpectedly on 4 October 2013 during a session of the commission for the selection of academic positions.
Publications
The author of 20 monographs and co-author and/or compiling editor of many others; the author or co-author of more than 200 scientific articles published in Georgian, English and Russian languages, one fiction, and many social and political articles in newspapers.
Books
Posthumous Publications
2018 - George Khutsishvili, HOW TO RESOLVE CONFLICTS, BOOK IV, ICCN, Tbilisi, 2018. ; (in English);
2018 - George Khutsishvili: Works on Philosophy, Book V, ICCN, Tbilisi, 2018. ; (in Russian);
Author, co-author, editor, publisher
2013 - Research Paper “Russia-Georgia: reciprocal perception” (editor, head of research group), ICCN, Tbilisi, 2013. ; (in Russian and English languages);
2013 - A Life dedicated to and Idea (author, editor and publisher). Tbilisi, 2013, The book is dedicated to the life and works of a renowned Georgian inventor Shota Khutsishvili whose main invention still awaits its proper assessment and recognition. , (in Georgian, Russian and English languages);
2013 - The Diary of one seminarian, 1879–1882, Alexander Kipshidze (Proneli), (publisher), Tbilisi, 2013, ; (in Georgian language);
2011 - Letters to the Family (1937-1957), (publisher), Tbilisi, 2011, , (in Georgian language);
2011 - Russia and Georgia: The Ways Out of the Crisis; Россия и Грузия: Пути выхода из кризиса (editor and co-author). Tbilisi: ICCN & GPPAC, (in English and Russian languages);
2010 – In co-authorship, Authots: O.Benidze, O.Gamkrelidze, Ek.Gasitashvili, N.Gvenetadze, G.Inauri, V.Loria, L.Mukhashavria, M.Turava, M.Ugrekhelidze, Z.Koridze, Z.Kutsnashvili, N.Tsikhistavi, V.Dzabiradze, V.Khmaladze, G. Khutsishvili, Z.Jinjolava, Z.Jibgashvili - Enlarged Concept of a New Version of Georgian Constitution, Tbilisi, 2010, Georgia. , (in Georgian and English languages);
2008 - Civil Society and the Rose Revolution in Georgia (editor and co-author), Tbilisi: Cordaid & ICCN, , (in English & Georgian languages);
2008 - Minorities in Georgia: Situational Analysis Internally Displaced People, Muslim Meskhs, Religious Minorities, Ethnic Minorities (co-editor). EED & ICCN: Tbilisi , (in Georgian and English languages);
2003 - Terrorism: What Should We Know About It? Tbilisi: ICCN & Friedrich Naumann Foundation , (in Georgian and Russian languages);
2003 - In co-authorship with Feride Zurikashvili, Guguli Magradze, Nani Chanishvili, Revaz Jorbenadze. Conflict, Gender and Peacebuilding. Second Edition, UNIFEM: New York City & Tbilisi, , (in Georgian language);
2002 - The Abkhazia Problem Reflected by Public Opinion: Findings of the Sociological Surveys in Georgia (2001-2002). Tbilisi ICCN (editor), , (in Georgian, Russian and English languages);
2002 - In co-authorship with Nani Chanishvili, Revaz Jorbenadze, Guguli Magradze, Feride Zurikashvili. Conflict, Gender and Peacebuilding. First Edition, UNIFEM: New York & Tbilisi, , (in Georgian language);
2002 - Prospects of Conflict Resolution in the South Caucasus: Findings of Sociological Surveys (editor and co-author). Tbilisi:ICCN & Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, (in Russian and English language);
2001 - George Khutsishvili, Rusudan Mshvidobadze, George Nizharadze. Integration and Conflict Resolution in the South Caucasus: Reality or Illusion? (Findings of Sociological Surveys). Tbilisi: ICCN, (in Russian language with English Summary);
2000-2001 - How to Resolve Conflicts (ICCN Peace Education Series I-IV, editor). Tbilisi: ICCN, (I - ; II - ; III - ; IV - ), (in Georgian language);
1999 - Restoring the Culture of Peace in the Caucasus : A Human Solidarity Document (editor), by Marina Pagava. Tbilisi: ICCN, , (in Georgian and English language);
1998 - Understanding Conflict. Tbilisi: ICCN (editor & co-author); , (in English language);
1997 - Developing a Regional Security Concept for the Caucasus. Materials of the NATO-ICCN Workshop (chair & co-author, ed). Tbilisi: ICCN, (in Georgian and English language);
1989 - Genesis of the Structure of Theoretical Thinking. Tbilisi: Academic Press, 1989, , (in Russian language);
1981 - The Problem of the Infinite in the Light of Modern Science. Tbilisi: Academic Press, 1981, X/10503/M607(06)-81/192-81, (in Russian language).
Other
S.O.S. (psychological story). На холмах Грузии (Литературный альманах). Tbilisi, No.12. 2010. Reprinted from Filosofskaya i Sociologicheskaya Mysl. (Publication of the Ukraine Academy of Sciences) Kyiv, #11, 1991. Originally published in the collection of Georgian writers “The House under the Plane Trees”. Tbilisi: Merani Publishers, 1988. Reprinted twice in Russian and once in Ukrainian; unpublished English translation made in USA is available from the author;
2002 - Dali's Stairway to Heaven, or the Sacred Geometry of the Cross. Peace Times (quarterly bilingual magazine), #4, 2002. ICCN: Tbilisi;
1996-2004 CultureGram: Republic of Georgia. (CultureGrams are published by Axiom Press), also available at www.culturegrams.com and Microsoft Encarta World Encyclopedia CD-ROM;
References
1948 births
2013 deaths
Scientists from Georgia (country)
Philosophers from Georgia (country)
Educators from Georgia (country)
Tbilisi State University alumni |
Giulia Mazzocchi is an Italian ice hockey goaltender, currently playing for HC Lugano and the Italian national team.
In 2018, she was named Best Goaltender in the IIHF World Champhionships Division 1B.
External links
Biographical information and career statistics from Elite Prospects
References
HC Lugano players
1991 births
Living people
People from Burggrafenamt
Italian women's ice hockey players
St. Lawrence Saints women's ice hockey players
Sportspeople from South Tyrol |
Shah Bandar or Shahbandar may refer to:
Shahbandar (Persian: , lit. “harbourmaster”), was an official of the ports in Safavid Persia
Shahbandar (Pakistan), a town in Thatta District, Sindh, Pakistan
Shahabandar, village in Karnataka, India
Shabandar, a village in Lorestan, Iran
Shabandar Café, a cultural location in Baghdad, Iraq
Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar (1879–1940), Syrian politician
Samira Shahbandar (born 1946), flight attendant and second wife of Saddam Hussein
Iqbal Shahbandri or Iqbal Bhatkal (born 1970), leader of the Indian Mujahideen
Riyaz Ismail Shahbandri or Riyaz Bhatkal (born 1978), leader of the Indian Mujahideen
See also
Bandar Shah, a city in Golestan, Iran |
下桑坦村（）是位於美國亞利桑那州皮納爾縣的一個人口普查指定地區。根據2010年美國人口普查，該地共人口374人，而該地的面積約為10.76平方千米。
地理
下桑坦村的座標為，而該地最高點為海拔高度376米（即1234英尺）。
參考文獻
亞利桑那州普查規定居民點 |
尾斑掛帆鱚（学名：），又名尾斑鯒狀魚、鴨嘴鱚，为鴨嘴鱚科鯒狀魚屬下的一个种。
参考文献
W
W |
阴囊潮湿对性功能有影响吗？阴囊潮湿则可以由多种原因引起，如前列腺炎、尿阴路感染、湿疹、一些性病、以及穿过紧不透气的内裤等等。阴囊潮湿不一定是病态，如无其它不适，注意局部的清洁干燥即可。那么阴囊潮湿对性功能有影响吗？下面给大家介绍一下。阴囊潮湿是指由于脾虚肾虚、药物过敏、缺乏维生素、真菌滋生等原因引起的男性阴囊糜烂、潮湿、骚痒等症状，是一种男性特有的皮肤病按本病的发展过程。如果不及时治疗的话，那么是会加重病情的，自然而然会影响到性生活的质量的，所以一定要及时的治疗。性生活的话一般是建议在治疗之后再进行性生活，所以在治疗期间，一定要注意不能有性生活。如果情况是比较严重的话，还是需要吃一些药物以防男性勃起的。如果性爱的话，是会加重病情的。那么在治疗期间饮食方面也是需要注意的，在饮食上是千万不能吃辛辣刺激的食物，比如一些火锅，辣椒，生姜等。在饮食上，是一定要以清淡的口味为主，可以适当的补充维生素和营养物质。除了在饮食上需要注意之外，还是需要在生活方面注意。晚上的时候一定要早睡，不能熬夜，男性也是需要养成清洗睾丸的习惯的，这样是可以有效的清洗到附着在上面的细菌，以免感染阴茎等。综上所述就是对阴囊潮湿对性功能有影响的介绍。阴囊潮湿不一定是病态，如无其它不适，注意局部的清洁干燥即可。平时注意清淡饮食，少吃生冷食物，少吃辛辣鱼腥食物。不过一般阴囊的潮湿可能和前列腺疾病是有一定的关系的，需要积极做前列腺的检查确定具体的病情，注意对症治疗。 |
Aryan Dutt (born 12 May 2003) is a Indian Dutch cricketer who plays for the Netherlands national cricket team as a right-arm off spin bowler. In March 2021, he was named in the Netherlands' Twenty20 International (T20I) squad for the 2020–21 Nepal Tri-Nation Series. The Dutch coach, Ryan Campbell, described him as an exciting prospect. He made his T20I debut for the Netherlands, against Nepal, on 17 April 2021. Prior to his call-up to the national side, Dutt had also played at under-18 and under-19 level for the Netherlands.
Early life
Dutt was born on 12 May 2003 in The Hague, and grew up in Amsterdam. His father is from Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India, and his parents moved to the Netherlands in the 1980s. His cricketing journey began at the age of nine, notably influenced by India's 2011 Cricket World Cup win. He began his cricket training in the Netherlands and, later, at age 13, furthered his training in Chandigarh, India.
Dutt plays Topklasse cricket for Voorburg Cricket Club.
Career
Dutt represented the Netherlands national under-19 cricket team at the 2021 ICC U19 World Cup Europe Qualifier in Spain, taking five wickets from three matches.
In May 2021, Dutt was named in the Netherlands A squad for their series against the Ireland Wolves. He made his List A debut on 12 May 2021, for the Netherlands A team against the Ireland Wolves, during their tour of Ireland. Later the same month, he was named in the Dutch One Day International (ODI) squad for their series against Scotland. He made his ODI debut on 19 May 2021, for the Netherlands against Scotland. In June 2022, during the ODI series against the West Indies, Dutt took the wicket of captain Nicholas Pooran in all three matches, preventing him from scoring above 10 runs each game.
At the 2023 Cricket World Cup, Dutt scored 23 not out from eight balls in the Netherlands' victory against South Africa. He scored three sixes, equalling the record of Daren Powell for the most sixes in a World Cup innings by a number-ten batsman.
References
External links
2003 births
Living people
Dutch cricketers
Dutch people of Indian descent
Dutch people of Punjabi descent
Netherlands One Day International cricketers
Netherlands Twenty20 International cricketers
Place of birth missing (living people) |
阿爾克謝·阿列克謝維奇·蓋爾曼（；），在英語界多被稱為小阿爾克謝·蓋爾曼，是一位俄羅斯電影導演。
生平
小阿爾克謝·蓋爾曼的父親為蘇聯電影工作者，母親為編劇，祖父則為作家。他畢業自位於莫斯科的國家電影學院。
2008年，他執導的《》獲選為第65屆威尼斯影展正式競賽片，並獲得最佳導演銀獅獎；2015年，他執導的劇情長片《電子雲》則於第65屆柏林影展獲得傑出藝術成就獎(攝影)。
參考資料
外部連結
俄羅斯電影導演
威尼斯影展獲獎者
格拉西莫夫电影学院校友 |
宇治神社 （）是位于京都府宇治市宇治山田的神社。式内社有記載的神社，舊社格之中屬於府社。毗鄰宇治上神社。
祭神
舍内供奉神明一座。
菟道稚郎子命（うじのわきいらつこのみこと）
《日本書紀》中被記載為「菟道稚郎子」，《古事記》中被记载为“宇遅之和紀郎子”。第15代应神天皇的皇子。虽然受到天皇的宠爱，被封为太子，但为了让皇位传给同父异母的弟弟大鷦鷯尊（仁德天皇）而自杀，被传为一段佳话。
在主神社内，供奉着菟道稚郎子的神像（国指定重要文化财产）
历史
创建
神社的起源和確切成立的年份並不可考。在宇治神社附近的宇治上神社，曾經和宇治神社被視為同一座神社。《山城國風土紀》中提及菟道稚郎子的離宮「桐原日桁宮」相信位於宇治上神社內。而兩社的舊稱「離宮明神」亦可能由此而來。
在宇治上神社的院内，有一塊巨石被稱為「天上石」或「岩神先生」（岩神さん），據說是根據磐座（古代神道教對岩石的信仰）而建造和供奉。
概述
延長5年（927年）制定的《延喜式》神明帐中，有山城府宇治郡的“宇治神社二座 鍬靫”的记载，并将这两座神社分别确定为宇治神社和宇治上神社。「鍬靫」的意思是，祈年祭時，由朝廷供奉的鋤頭和投壺。后来，在附近建立了平等院，这两座神社被视为其镇守社。
明治时代以前，宇治神社被称为 「下社」、「若宫」，宇治上神社被称为「上社」、「本宫」，两社合称「宇治离宫明神」、「宇治离宫八幡宫」。
明治时代期間，兩神社分為獨立個體，1911年（明治44年）升格为府社。
2018年（平成30年），第21号台风导致神社大鸟居从底部断裂并坍塌。2019 年12月25日，大鸟居重建完成并举行了竣工典礼。
区域
本殿（国家指定重要文化财）- 三间社流造，镰仓时代后期建造。
中门
拜殿（桐原殿）
绘马堂
神乐殿
神輿仓库
社务所 - 二楼为参集殿
飞地辖区
御旅所（京都府宇治市宇治1）
攝末社
春日社（京都府指定有形文化财） - 祭神：建瓮槌命、斎主命、天儿屋根命
日吉神社 - 祭神：大山咋命
住吉神社 - 祭神：住吉三神（底筒男命、中筒男命、上筒男命）、神功皇后
廣田神社 - 祭神：蛭子命
松尾神社 - 祭神：市杵岛姫命
高良神社 - 祭神：武内宿祢
伊勢両宮社 - 祭神：天照皇大神、国常立命
祭事
年中祭事一览
毎月
月次祭 （毎月1日）
1月
歳旦祭 （1月1日）
2月
節分祭 （2月3日）
4月
水神祭 （4月第2日曜日）
5月
例祭（神幸祭） （5月8日）
6月
幣渡祭 （6月5日）
例祭（還幸祭・離宮祭） （6月8日）
大祓式 （6月30日）
10月
献茶祭 （10月1日）
12月
火焚祭 （12月中旬の日曜日）
大祓式 （12月31日）
文化财产
重要文化财（国家指定）
本殿（建筑物）
建造于镰仓时代晚期。根据1902年（明治35年）7月31日的《古社寺保存法》被认定为特别保护建筑物，1950年（昭和25年）根据《文化财保护法》被认定为重要文化财。
木制莵道稚郎子命坐像（雕塑）
创作于平安时代 ，1903年（明治36年）4月15日认定 。
京都府指定文化财
有形文化财
摄末社春日神社本殿（建筑物）- 2018年（平成30年）3月23日认定。
宇治市指定文化财
有形文化财
白色尉面 1件（雕塑）- 安土桃山时代制作。 1972年（昭和47年）3月1日认定 。
木造狛犬 2件（雕塑）-镰仓时代制作，存放于宇治市历史资料馆。 1988年（昭和63年）3月31日认定 。
当地信息
位置
京都府宇治市宇治山田1
交通方式
铁路
京阪电车宇治线宇治站（步行5分钟）
JR西日本奈良线宇治站（步行10分钟）
周边
宇治上神社
平等院
菟道稚郎子尊 宇治墓
脚注
参考文献
『日本歴史地名大系 京都府の地名』（平凡社）宇治市 宇治上神社項・宇治神社項
山路興造「宇治上神社・宇治神社」（谷川健一 編『日本の神々 -神社と聖地- 5 山城・近江』（白水社、1986年） ISBN 978-4560025055）
外部链接
宇治神社-官方网站
鎌倉時代建築
京都府神社
宇治市 |
Mannum is a historic town on the west bank of the Murray River in South Australia, east of Adelaide. Mannum is the seat of the Mid Murray Council, and is situated in the state electoral district of Hammond and the federal Division of Barker.
History
The Aboriginal inhabitants and traditional owners of the vicinity now called Mannum were the Nganguruku (Nganguruga), part of the larger Ngayawung community. In 1830 the Sturt expedition passed through the area by boat.
No Europeans visited again until 25 January 1838 when the expedition of Dr George Imlay and John Hill, on horseback from Adelaide, became the first to reach the Murray overland within South Australia. They noted that the thriving Indigenous population were very keen fisherfolk.
The first European settlement in the area was in 1840. The first ship (a side-wheel paddle steamer) built on the Murray River was launched at Mannum by William Randell in 1852. A shipbuilding industry continued in Mannum until into the 20th century. William Randell is memorialised by the preservation of the rectangular boiler from the paddle wheeler Mary Ann in the town's recreation park. His dry dock held the Marion, an 1897 built paddle wheeler; managed by the National Trust of South Australia as a museum. The Marion left active service in 1950 and spent until 1963 as a boarding house. The Marion was recommissioned in 1994 and currently operates as a daytrip and overnight cruising vessel along the Murray.
A number of other manufacturing industries were established in the town, and some continue; although not as large as they once were. The largest heavy manufacturing company was David Shearer (later Horwood-Bagshaw) who made farm equipment.
Mannum apparently has the distinction of having lost more men per head of population in both World Wars than any other town in South Australia. There is a song, called Year of the Drum, written by Wendy Joseph which describes the tragic effects of the World Wars on several generations of the people of Mannum and the use of music to entice young men to war. The song references Mannum, Shearers, Riverboats and the Murray River.
Heritage listings
Mannum has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
Anna Street: David Shearer's Dwelling and Observatory
Cliff Street: Bleak House
Noa No Road: Noa No Landing
Randell Street: William Randell's Dry Dock
51-53 Randell Street: Shearer's Agricultural Implement Factory Site and Stamp Press Relics
off Western Boundary Road: Reedy Creek Railway Bridge
Modern development
Mannum's significance as a river port declined with the railways reaching Morgan in 1878 and Murray Bridge in 1886. The largest ship operating on the Murray is the PS Murray Princess, a passenger stern-wheel paddle boat based at Mannum offering weekly cruises. The restored historic paddle steamer PS Marion is also based at Mannum and cruises several times a year. Before restoration, it was a static display in a drydock for many years. Mannum is also a base for houseboats available for hire. Because of its position on the Murray River; in 1954 the Mannum–Adelaide pipeline was built to help provide Adelaide with a reliable water supply.
Today, Mannum is a busy township and a popular tourist destination, particularly during the summer months. The population of Mannum and the surrounding area grows to about 10,000 when semi-residents (shack owners) and tourists are taken into consideration. The town has three hotels, a Foodland and IGA supermarket and many specialty shops.
Media
Mannum was home to the regional newspaper, the Mannum and District Recorder (2 June 1955 – 16 June 1960), which was then continued as the Murray Plains Recorder (13 January 1961 – 24 September 1964). It was then merged into The Leader which is still published in Angaston.
In the years around World War 1, another publication, the Mannum Mercury and Farmer's Journal (30 March 1912 – 2 March 1917), was also printed. It was then absorbed into The Mount Barker Courier and Onkaparinga and Gumeracha Advertiser. Later, the phrase "Mannum Mercury" was revived as the Mannum news page of the Murray Valley Standard.
Sports and recreation
The town has an Australian Football team competing in the River Murray Football League; nicknamed the Roos.
The Mannum Rowing Club was founded in 1910. The club is located on River Lane on the banks of the Murray in Mannum. The club hosts the annual Mannum Regatta and the Arnold Cup.
Mannum hosts a number of other sports during the year, most notably netball in the winter months (the netball club is also nicknamed the Roos), and cricket and tennis in the summer months. The local Community Complex hosts many various indoor sports, including basketball, squash, various martial arts and it contains a gym and other workout rooms.
In the summer months, particularly over the January holidays, water sports are extremely popular (mainly water skiing and wakeboarding), where both residents and tourists bring their own water craft to use on the river.
Timeline
Selected events in the history of Mannum.
1830, First Europeans visit – Charles Sturt expedition explores the Murray by boat.
1838, First Europeans arrive by land – expedition of Dr Imlay and John Hill.
1851, The first pastoral leases in the district are signed.
1853, Mannum becomes a port on the Murray and the Hundred of Mannum is declared.
1863, Mannum's first store, "Bogan store" is opened and run by Thomas Randell's wife.
1864, Port Mannum is surveyed under government direction.
1865, Mannum's post office opens although home mail delivery does not begin until 1949.
1869, A private port Mannum is surveyed.
1869, Bogan hotel is opened.
1870, Largest flood to date on the river.
1876, Walker's flour mill begins operations.
1877, District council of Mannum proclaimed. David Shearer begins a blacksmithing business.
1886, Murray bridge declared a port taking away much of Mannum's river trade.
1902, Kerosene Street lighting installed, changed to acetylene in 1905 and electric in 1923
1906, First telephone installed, Automatic exchange installed in 1979.
1912, First paper, the Mannum Mercury, published, closing in 1917.
1921, The district hospital was built.
1925, Mannum technical school opened
1930, Mary Ann's boiler moved to the recreation ground.
1931, Highest flood since 1870.
1932, Main street renamed Randell Street.
1954, Mannum-Adelaide pipeline completed.
1956, Highest recorded floods at Mannum during the 1956 Murray River flood.
1963, The Marion reaches Mannum, her new home. She is recommissioned in 1994.
1997, District council of Mannum becomes part of the Mid-Murray district council.
Gallery
See also
List of crossings of the Murray River
Notes
References
External links
Mannum Dock Museum of River History & PS Marion
South Australian History – Mannum
Walkabout – Mannum
Towns in South Australia
Populated places on the Murray River
River ports of Australia |
West Coast Railway can refer to:
Avanti West Coast, franchised railway operator in the United Kingdom
West Coast Railways, railway spot-hire company in the United Kingdom
West Coast Railway (Victoria), defunct passenger train operator in Australia
West Coast Railway Association, a heritage railway in British Columbia, Canada
Railways on the West Coast of Tasmania
West Coast Wilderness Railway, a heritage railway in Tasmania, Australia
West Coast Main Line, a railway line in the United Kingdom. |
桃花散的用法用量？注意：同种药品可由于不同的包装规格有不同的用法或用量。本文只供参考。如果不确定，请参看药品随带的说明书或向医生询问。口服， 周岁小儿一次1/3袋，2至3岁小儿1/2~1袋，一日1~2次。 |
毛淡棉縣（；）為緬甸孟邦轄下的縣，其區域面積為6,084.0平方公里，2014年人口1,232,221人。該縣下分6個鎮區。毛淡棉為該縣之首府。
鎮區
以下為毛淡棉縣的鎮區：
毛淡棉鎮（Mawlamyine Township）
齋馬勞鎮（Kyaikmaraw Township）
羌宋鎮（Chaungzon Township）
丹彪扎亞鎮（Thanbyuzayat Township）
木冬鎮（Mudon Township）
耶鎮（Ye Township）
參見
M |
抱子甘蓝（ var. gemmifera，）又稱球芽甘藍、布鲁塞尔芽菜，是甘蓝类 Gemmifera 品种群中的一员，因可食其芽而被人类栽植为一种蔬菜；此叶菜直径一般为1.5-4.0厘米，类似微型卷心菜，因在比利时布鲁塞尔长期流行而得名。
抱子甘蓝有许多俗稱，如：小洋白菜、小圓白菜、小捲心菜、芽甘蓝、子持甘蓝、小椰菜、椰菜仔、布鲁塞尔白菜、球衣甘藍，帶苦味，初次品嚐可能難以下嚥，但高溫烹煮可除去苦味。煮過的抱子甘藍在西餐中常做為配菜。
歷史
抱子甘蓝最早期種植記載是在古羅馬時代，發源於比利時，後傳至德國。
直至十九世紀，抱子甘蓝主要是在歐洲西北部栽培。其後傳至北美，到1920年代，於美國加州亦有種植。
参考文献
B
B |
龟头红肿疼痒怎么办？龟头又称阴茎头，指阴茎前端的球状物，由尿道海绵体前端膨大而成，前端尽头有尿道口，是尿液和精液的共同出口。阴茎由前向后可分为阴茎头，阴茎体，阴茎根。龟头红肿的原因有以下几种，一，包皮龟头炎。包皮龟头炎会引起龟头红肿，疼痛，糜烂流脓等。二，包括局部创伤，摩擦，避孕药物，肥皂和清洁剂等刺激，局部可表现为龟头红肿，刺痒，糜烂，渗液甚至出血。三，细菌感染。继发细菌感染可化脓并形成溃疡面。病人疼痛明显，行动不便。称之为急性浅表性龟头炎。除了包皮龟头炎除引起龟头瘙痒，红肿外有以下几种类型和伴随症状，一，急性浅表性包皮龟头炎，初起局部潮红，阴茎皮肤发红，肿胀，自觉龟头灼热，瘙痒。翻开包皮，可见包皮内面及龟头充血糜烂，渗液，甚至出血。继发感染后可见小溃疡，有恶臭的乳白色脓性分泌物。与内裤磨擦即感疼痛，病人常活动不便且龟头瘙痒。可伴有腹股沟淋巴结的肿大，压痛。二，环状溃烂性包皮龟头炎，在龟头和包皮上，可见红斑，逐渐扩大，呈环状，可形成浅表性溃疡面。三，白色念珠菌性包皮龟头炎，包皮和龟头可见红斑，表面光滑，有小疱疹，红斑边缘较清楚，急性发作时有糜烂，渗液。四，滴虫性包皮龟头炎，龟头起丘疹和红斑，逐渐扩大，边缘清楚，红斑上可见针头大小水疱，最后形成糜烂面。龟头红肿疼痒首先考虑是普通细菌感染引起的龟头炎，和不洁的性接触还是有关系的。出现这种情况的话应及时去正规的医疗机构检查，配合医生进行积极治疗。以后也应该注意性生活的卫生。 |
Kwesi Ahoomey-Zunu is a Togolese politician who was Prime Minister of Togo from July 2012 to June 2015. He was previously Minister of Trade from March 2011 to July 2012.
Biography
Ahoomey-Zunu attended Tokoin High School, a district in Lomé. He holds a Master's degree in International Relations (International Relations Law) and degrees in Public Law and Planning.
He is a member of the Pan-African Patriotic Convergence (CPP) founded by Edem Kodjo. From 1988 to 1994, he was secretary of the National Commission for Human Rights (CNDH). From 1994 to 1999, Ahoomey-Zunu was a member of the National Assembly. From 1993 to 2005, he was a member of the Independent National Electoral Commission, 2000-2002, of which he was president. Ahoomey-Zuno was Minister of Territorial Administration from September 2006 to December 2007 in Yawovi Agboyibo's cabinet. From March 2011 to July 2012, he was Minister of Trade and Promotion of the Private Sector. From January 2008 to July 2012, he was Secretary General of the President.
Political career
Ahoomey-Zunu served as Minister of Territorial Administration and Secretary-General of the Presidency before being appointed as Minister of Trade and the Promotion of the Private Sector in March 2011. He remained in the latter post for over a year; he was then appointed as Prime Minister on 19 July 2012 following the resignation of Prime Minister Gilbert Houngbo. He took office on 23 July 2012.
Following the July 2013 parliamentary election, in which the ruling Union for the Republic (UNIR) won a large majority of seats, Ahoomey-Zunu was reappointed as Prime Minister. A new government headed by Ahoomey-Zunu was appointed on 17 September 2013. The size of the government was reduced from 31 members to 26.
Following President Faure Gnassingbé's re-election in the April 2015 presidential election, he appointed Komi Sélom Klassou to succeed Ahoomey-Zunu as Prime Minister on 5 June 2015. Klassou took office on 10 June 2015.
References
1958 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Togo
Union for the Republic (Togo) politicians
21st-century Togolese politicians
21st-century Togolese people |
The Kaihoata River, formerly known as the Kaiwhata River, is a river of the southern North Island of New Zealand. It rises in rough hill country to the southeast of Masterton, flowing southeast to reach the Pacific Ocean south of Riversdale Beach. On 7 March 2023, the name of the river was officially altered from Kaiwhata to Kaihoata, following the enactment of the Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa Tāmaki nui-a-Rua Claims Settlement Act 2022.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
List of rivers of Wellington Region
References
Rivers of the Wellington Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
箱崎九大前站（）是一個位於日本福岡縣福岡市東區箱崎三丁目，屬於福岡市地下鐵箱崎線的鐵路車站。此站位於舊福岡市內線（正式屬宮地岳線）的箱崎松原站正下方。車站編號是H06。
歷史
1983年（昭和58年）9月12日 - 確定站名。
1986年（昭和61年）
1月31日 - 伴隨馬出九大醫院前－此站間延伸開業。
11月12日 - 伴隨延伸至貝塚站而成為中途站。
車站結構
地下2層島式月台1面2線的地底車站。
月台配置
使用情況
2016年（平成28年）度的1日平均上車人次為3,513人。
近年的1日平均上車人次的推移如下表。
西鐵宮地岳線 箱崎松原站
對向式月台2面2線的停留場，沒有站舍。伴隨西鐵福岡市内線廢除（1979年2月10日）而廢站。
相鄰車站
福岡市交通局（福岡市地下鐵）
箱崎線
箱崎宮前（H05）－箱崎九大前（H06）－貝塚（H07）
參考資料
參見
日本鐵路車站列表
外部連結
福岡市地下鐵 箱崎九大前站
東區鐵路車站 (福岡市)
kozakikyuudaimae
箱崎線車站
1986年啟用的鐵路車站
Hakozaki-Matsubara
九州大學 |
乙肝表面抗原携带者需要治疗吗？乙肝表面抗原携带者一般是指乙肝表面抗原阳性而无明显症状，肝功能及B超等检查完全正常的乙肝病毒感染者，但近年来通过肝脏的病理(肝脏穿刺病理检验)研究发现，在乙型肝炎慢性携带者中，仅有10%的病人的肝脏在光学显微镜下完全正常，80%-90%的病人的肝脏存在着不同程度的炎症损害。对于乙肝病毒携带者是否需要治疗需要检查一下B超，因为乙肝病毒携带者体内还是有乙肝病毒的，所以可能会对肝脏细胞造成损失，虽然外在没什么乙肝症状，但是时间长之后，可能会引起肝脏出现纤维化、肝硬化出现，这些是没有什么症状的，这也是很多一个小三阳患者没有症状却发展成肝硬化的原因，所以应该详细的检查病情。如果病人的肝脏没有炎症改变或炎症改变较轻，并且病毒复制指标为阴性，则暂时不需要抗病毒治疗，只需定期复查即可。如果病人的肝脏没有炎症改变或改变较轻，但病毒复制指标为阳性，则应根据具体病情选药治疗，最好只选用具有直接杀灭病毒作用的药物，而不宜选用具有增强机体免疫力的抗病毒药物。如果病人的肝脏有较明显的炎症改变，病毒复制指标也为阳性，则应遵循慢性肝炎的治疗方法，进行综合性治疗。如果病人只是肝脏存在炎症改变而病毒复制指标为阴性，则应在祛除其他疾病引起的肝脏病变后，再进行治疗。乙肝表面抗原携带者的饮食原则，应是“三高一低”，即较高的碳水化合物、维生素、蛋白质和较低的脂肪。碳水化合物是人体所需能量的主要来源；维生素、蛋白质有利于肝细胞的修复和再生；而脂肪，特别是动物性脂肪的消化、吸收和利用，都需要肝脏参与而增加其负担。乙肝病毒表面抗原携带者应忌烟酒。烟草中含有的尼古丁被人体吸收后，需要在肝脏中解毒，从而加重肝脏的负担。 |
金旻徑（，），本名金慶愛（김경애），韓國女演員。
簡歷
金旻徑於1960年9月出生，1979年以話劇演員身份出道，其後於1981年獲得韓國戲劇節新人獎，此外亦間中參演電影。2010年代後，她開始參演電視劇的配角角色，為電視劇的中堅演員。2021年8月，她於首爾離世，享壽60歲。
演出作品
電視劇
1986年：MBC《》
1988年：MBC《》
1994年：MBC《》飾演 寶藍的媽媽
2012年：MBC《擁抱太陽的月亮》飾演 閔尚宮
2012年：KBS《我的女兒㥠榮》飾演 李恩淑
2013年：SBS《主君的太陽》飾演 垃圾桶鬼神的夫人
2014年：TV朝鮮《火花裡》飾演 泰亨的媽媽
2015年：KBS《記得你》飾演 朴洙勇的媽媽
2016年：MBC《獄中花》飾演 金尚宮
2017年：OCN《隧道》飾演 高雅拉的媽媽
2021年：MBC《成為飯吧》飾演 孟順
2021年：tvN《Mouse》飾演 宋秀晶、宋秀浩的媽媽
電影
1984年：《》
1984年：《女人朝男人射擊》
1984年：《洪秉梅》
1985年：《過夜的女人》
1985年：《楊貴妃》
1986年：《火舞》
1989年：《通姦》飾演 貴婦2
1994年：《》
1995年：《》飾演 美淑
1996年：《》飾演 教室女學生
1996年：《》
2002年：《》飾演 洪植的妻子
2006年：《老千》飾演 高尼的媽媽
2007年：《》飾演 賢植的媽媽
2007年：《》飾演 智善的媽媽
2008年：《》飾演 裙子1
2009年：《》飾演 楊女士
2009年：《》飾演 鍾弼的媽媽
2011年：《》飾演 嫂子
2011年：《》飾演 安淑熙
2013年：《33里》
2014年：《》飾演 宋勸師
2015年：《》飾演 韓服店老闆（特別出演）
2018年：《》飾演 賢貞的奶奶
2019年：《》飾演 尚久的媽媽
2021年：《獵魂者》飾 全會長
參考資料
外部連結
NAVER人物搜索頁面
韓國電視女演員
韓國電影女演員 |
工業慣性（Industrial inertia），指工業區位形成後，即使原有區位喪失，工廠亦留在原地不易搬遷的特性。例如江西南景德鎮的陶瓷工業。
工廠可能會因為其已投資的固定成本（例如廠房）而有工業慣性，也可能是因為以下的原因：
和該地區其他活動有連結。
該地區有交通優勢。
該地區有充足的勞工。
參考資料
Modern Dictionary of Geography, Michael Witherick Visiting Fellow in Geography University of Southampton, Simon Ross Head of Geography Queen's College Taunton, John Small Emeritus Professor of Geography University of Southampton
經濟地理學 |
1949-50西班牙足球乙级联赛，共有32支球队参赛。 桑坦德竞技, 莱里达, 阿尔克亚诺、穆尔西亚升入西甲. Arousa, Erandio, 卡斯特利翁、埃尔切 降入西班牙足球丙级联赛.
第1组
第2组
升降级附加赛
次轮升降级附加赛
|}
降级附加赛
|}
注释
外部链接
Official LFP Site
西班牙足球乙级联赛 |
NGC 4921是一個后髮座星系團內的棒旋星系，位於后髮座，距離地球約3.2億光年這個星系有一個帶有棒狀結構的核心，周圍由含有新形成的高溫藍色恆星的明顯塵埃環環繞。它的外部則是不尋常地平滑，且欠缺明顯的螺旋臂結構。
觀測
1976年加拿大籍荷蘭天文學家西德尼·范德胡斯特因為NGC 4921的低恆星形成率，將它歸類為「蒼白星系」。他對該星系的紀錄是「一個極低表面亮度，並且螺旋臂結構分散的星系」。儘管如此，它是后髮座星系團內最明亮的螺旋星系。NGC 4921位於星系團中心附近，因此相對於星系團平均速度而言有高相對速度（7,560 km/s）。21公分線的觀測結果顯示它的內部缺少 H I 區域，代表它的中性未電離氫含量並不高。星系內的氣體分布在往東南螺旋臂的方向部分被高度擾動，並且延伸量少於星系的可見光盤面。這可能是從星系被剝離的氣體和星系際介質交互作用的結果。
1959年5月4日，米爾頓·赫馬森在帕洛马山天文台以施密特望遠鏡在NGC 4921內發現一顆超新星SN1959B。該顆超新星位置看起來距離星系中心相當遠，亮度最高達到視星等18.5等，光變曲線相當類似後來在大麦哲伦星系的SN 1987A，兩者都有不尋常的測光狀態。
參考資料
4921
棒旋星系
后髮座星系團 |
Shiwei () were a Mongolic people that inhabited far-eastern Mongolia, northern Inner Mongolia, northern Manchuria and the area near the Okhotsk Sea beach. Records mentioning the Shiwei were recorded from the time of the Northern Wei (386–534) until the rise of the Mongols under Genghis Khan in 1206 when the name "Mongol" and "Tatar" were applied to all the Shiwei tribes.
The Shiwei-Mongols were closely related to the Khitan people to their south. As a result of pressure from the west, south and south-east they never established unified, semi-sedentarized empires like their neighbors, but remained nomadic confederations led by tribal chieftains, alternately submitting to the Turks, the Chinese and the Khitan as the political climate changed. The Mengwu Shiwei, one of the 20 Shiwei tribes during the Tang dynasty (618–907), were also called the Menggu during the Liao dynasty (907–1125) and are generally considered to be the ancestors of the Mongols of Genghis Khan. The modern Korean pronunciation of Mengwu (蒙兀 Měngwù) is Mong-ol (/moŋ.ol/). Mongolia is still called "Menggu" (蒙古 Měnggǔ) in Chinese today.
The names Shiwei, Sibe, Xibe and possibly Xianbei have a common origin.
Origins
The Shiwei were descendants of the Yuwen Xianbei, but also included some tribes of the Tungusic Mohe people. Shiwei is a variant transcription for Xianbei.
Chinese dynastic histories describe the Shiwei as somewhat related to the Khitan, who were of Xianbei origin. They were local Xianbei tribes who became independent after the Xianbei state dissolved in 234 with the death of Budugen. In the Book of Wei, it is claimed that the language of the Shiwei was the same as the Khitan's, who spoke the Khitan language; in the Book of Sui, it is claimed that the Shiwei belonged to the same kind of people as the Khitan; and in both the New Book of Tang and Old Book of Tang, it is claimed that the Shiwei were a collateral branch of the Khitan. It is likely that at least some tribes of the Shiwei had some ethnic similarities with the Khitan. Tang dynasty historian Wan Guowei describes the Shiwei as a Khitan tribe.
The Book of Sui states that the title of the northern Shiwei chieftain was Mohefu, which is the same as the Khitan title for their chieftain – Mohefu () or "Mofuhe" (), which is the Chinese transliteration of the Iranic/Sogdian title Bagapuhr/βɣpwr, meaning "Son of God". For example, the Khitan Mofuhe Hechen who paid tribute to the Northern Wei at Datong in 466–470 and the Khitan Mofuhe Wuyu who fled from Goguryeo and the Rouran Khaganate in 479.
Concerning the ethnic relationship between the Shiwei and the Khitan, "the ethnonymic distinction between the Shiwei and Khitan suggests that the division had been completed between the branches leading to Proto-Mongolic and Para-Mongolic".
Tribes
The Shiwei and Wuluohou are known as the Shiwei tribes in the period of the Northern Wei dynasty (386–534), but are separately recorded in the Book of Wei. During the period from the Northern Qi (550–577) to the Sui dynasty (581–618), there were five groups of Shiwei, they were the Nan (Southern) Shiwei, Bei (Northern) Shiwei, Da (Great) Shiwei, Bo Shiwei and Shenmoda Shiwei. In the Tang period (618–907), it is known that there were twenty Shiwei tribes, according to the records in dynastic histories. They were the Wusugu, Yisaimo, Saiezhi, Hejie, Wuluohu, Nali, Lingxi, Shanbei, Huangtou (Yellow-head), Da (Great) Ruzhe, Xiao (Lesser) Ruzhe, Powo, Nebeizhi, Luotuo, Dong (Eastern) Shiwei, Xi (Western) Shiwei, Da (Great) Shiwei, Mengwu Shiwei, Luozu Shiwei and Dagui.
Wuluohun is said to be another name for the Uriankhai Mongols. The Da Shiwei tribe is thought to be descended from some Rouran who fled east after being defeated by the Turks in 555. They were led by their chieftain Tantan (Tatar) and were incorporated into the Shiwei. In fact, Tatar is held to be an alternative name for some major Shiwei tribes. The Da Shiwei are thought to be the same as the Taichiud Mongol tribe. According to the Stele of Kul Tigin the Thirty Tatars and Nine Tatars were formidable eastern rivals of the Göktürks along with the Khitan. The number of Tatar tribes are roughly equal to the number of Shiwei tribes. Although linguistically Mongolic, the Da Shiwei may have been descended in some part from the Dingling. The Heichezi ("black-cart") was a Shiwei clan famous for their cart industry. According to the Liaoshi, at one time the Khitan learnt the art of cart-making from the Heichezi clan. The Huangtou ("yellow head") Shiwei may have been named so because of a high incidence of blondness within their tribe, but it is not certain. However, blondness still occurs regularly in the region today.
Events
In describing the Shiwei tribes, the Tang Huiyao vol. 96 records, "Eastward again, there was the Wuluohu tribe, the other name was Wuluohun, it was called Wuluohou in the Yuan Wei. It inhabited north of the Mount Mogaidu, and beside the Chuo River. This tribe had presented homage and paid tributes continually since the fourth year of Taiwu Zhenjun (444) (of the Northern Wei), throughout the Northern Qi, Zhou and Sui until the years after reign period of Wude (618–626)." According to the Weishu, the history of the Northern Wei dynasty founded by the Tuoba Xianbei, in 443 CE a contingent of horsemen known as the Wuluohou (of the Shiwei) asked for an audience with the Northern Wei emperor Tuoba Dao. They informed him that their people had heard of a cave located in what is now the Elunchun Autonomous Banner in northeastern Inner Mongolia. The local inhabitants worshiped this cave as a Xianbei ancestral shrine, a fact that convinced Tuoba Dao that the legendary cave that gave birth to his people had been located. The Weishu goes on to say that the emperor sent an emissary, Li Chang, to investigate the report. Li Chang verified the story, and held various ceremonies to worship the Xianbei ancestors, and left an inscription describing the ceremonies. The cave, known today as Gaxian cave site, and the inscription were discovered in 1980 by archaeologists. This find and other historical and archaeological evidence has helped to verify that the Tuoba Xianbei probably emigrated south from this area sometime in the early first century CE. In 544 the Shiwei chieftain Chaniandoufa brought gifts from his homeland to the Tuoba Wei court.
The Shiwei's political fate, as the Khitan in great part of their pre-dynastic period, was largely determined by their far more powerful neighbors and by ever-changing balance of power between the successive regimes ruling northern China, on the one hand, and belligerent tribal neighbors on the other. When China had fallen into an anarchy at the end of the Sui dynasty and the other nomadic people, the Türks, were getting stronger in northern Asia simultaneously, the Shiwei submitted to the Türks, under the control of the three Tutuns sent by the Turkic supreme leader, so did the Khitan who were controlled by the Tutun, Pandie, who was sent by the Turkic Shabolue khaghan. At the beginning of the 7th century, the great Chinese Tang dynasty was established. The Shiwei and many other tribal peoples were gradually drawn into its political orbit. In the period from 618 to 629, the Shiwei frequently presented homage and paid tributes to the Tang court. As a response, the Tang court set Shizhou, which was subordinate to the governor-general of Yingzhou to control the Shiwei and Khitan tribes in 629. Until 632, the Wuluohu and some other Shiwei tribes submitted to the Tang.
According to the historical records, in the fourth year of Zhenyuan (788), the Xi raided the Zhenwu army (located in modern Hohhot) together with the Shiwei, slaughtering both the Chinese and the Uighur commissioners, capturing the frontier people and plundering their domestic animals. The Shiwei as relative weak tribes almost always wavered between the stronger powers. They were involved in the campaign over the Chinese frontier, probably by the coercion of the Xi, their stronger neighbors to the southwest. In 789, the Shiwei sent envoys to the Tang court to apologize for their offence. During the period from 792 to 842, while having been Uighur vassals, the Shiwei still frequently presented tributes to the Tang court. In 835 the Shiwei chieftain Dasheng Duacheng led 30 Shiwei representatives in a visit to the Tang court. The Shiwei chieftain Dale came to visit the Tang court along with the Xi during the reign of Emperor Yizong of Tang (reigned 859–873). After the Uighur Empire was brought to an end by the Kirghiz in 840, they submitted to the Tang and killed the Uighur commissioners by an order of the Tang. From 789 onward, no aggressive actions conducted by the Shiwei could be found throughout the Chinese historical data, until some of their tribes were incorporated into the Khitan and some others migrated to the northwest around the turn of the 10th century.
In 1087 representatives of the subject Menggu Shiwei came to show respect to the Khitan court at Yanjing (Beijing). The Menggu Shiwei aided the Liao dynasty against the Jurchens till the end. According to the Qidan Guozhi, in 1124 the Shiwei helped the Khitans against the invading Jurchens. The Dajin Guozhi recording the same event says that in 1124 the Tatars helped the Khitans against the invading Jurchens. This, among other indications, has led to the opinion that the Tatars were identical with the Shiwei. Bodonchar Munkhag and Khaidu were pre-Genghis Khan chieftains of the Shiwei.
Note
References
Mongol peoples
Manchuria
Ancient peoples of China |
Douglas Greenberg is professor emeritus of history at Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey. Previously, he was executive dean of the School of Arts and Sciences (2008–2012) at Rutgers. In the past, he served as a professor of history at the University of Southern California, executive director of the USC Shoah Foundation Institute for Visual History and Education, and president of the Chicago Historical Society.
Biography
Greenberg's professional career in history began with a bachelor's degree with Highest Honors in history in 1969 from Rutgers University. This was soon followed up with a master's degree as well as a PhD in history from Cornell University in 1971 and 1974, respectively. In the early 1980s, Greenberg taught and served as a dean at Princeton University. Simultaneously, he was chair of the New Jersey Historical Commission. In 1986, he left Princeton to become vice president of the American Council of Learned Societies.
Though his studies trained him as an historian in early American history, Greenberg's own studies prepared him for his career in public history in general. In 1993, Greenberg went to the Chicago Historical Society, where he became president and CEO. During Greenberg's tenure, he oversaw several exhibitions and documentaries on the history of Chicago, which included its first online exhibition, The Great Chicago Fire and the Web of Memory. He also focused resources on advancing the technology used at the Historical Society, including developing a website that included public access catalogs and digitized materials of many kinds.
In 2000, Greenberg became the executive director and CEO of Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation, the organization founded by Steven Spielberg to document on video the testimonies of survivors of the Holocaust. While at the Shoah Foundation, Greenberg negotiated the agreement that made the foundation part of the University of Southern California. He also oversaw the complete indexing of 52,000 testimonies, initiated a comparable project to collect testimonies of survivors of the Rwandan genocide, and greatly expanded the scholarly reach of the foundation, whose name was changes to USC Shoah Foundation Institute for Visual History and Education. While serving as executive director of the institute, he was also professor of history at USC.
He assumed the executive dean's position in the School of Arts and Sciences at Rutgers in 2008. In 2012, he returned to the classroom and taught courses in American Legal History and the History of the Holocaust and Genocide. He retired from Rutgers in 2016.
Over the course of his career, Greenberg published widely on early American history, public history, and the impact of technology on scholarship and libraries. He also received fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation. He served widely on non-profit boards including those of the American Historical Association, the Organization of American Historians, and the Research Libraries Group. While living in California, he was chair of the California Council on the Humanities. After returning to New Jersey in 2008, he became chair of the New Jersey Humanities Council. He currently serves as chair of the development and governance committee of Maryland Humanities.
Advisory/leading roles
Executive dean, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey -- http://sas.rutgers.edu/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=217&Itemid=274
Executive director, USC Shoah Foundation Institute for Visual History and Education -- https://web.archive.org/web/20061104020508/http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/vhi/
President and CEO, Chicago Historical Society -- http://www.chicagohs.org/
Vice President, American Council of Learned Societies -- http://www.acls.org/
References
https://web.archive.org/web/20081226113235/http://news.rutgers.edu/medrel/news-releases/2008/06/historian-educator-d-20080602
https://web.archive.org/web/20061105191311/http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/faculty/faculty1012287.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20060430075359/http://oah.org/pubs/nl/2001feb/greenberg.html
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20070327235103/http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/?view=usa&ci=0195083393
University of Southern California faculty
21st-century American historians
American male non-fiction writers
Rutgers University alumni
Cornell University alumni
Writers from Chicago
Living people
Historians from Illinois
Year of birth missing (living people)
Historians from California
21st-century American male writers |
汉斯·克里斯蒂安·奥斯特（，，），又译厄斯泰兹、厄斯特，丹麦物理学家、化学家和文學家。在物理學領域，他首先发现載流導線的電流對鄰近的磁針會產生作用力，使磁針偏轉，從而得知電流會產生磁場效應，發現了電學與磁學的關聯。在化學領域，他發現了鋁元素。十九世紀後期，在科學方面的後康德哲學和演進，由於他的寫作而更見雛形。他創建了「思想實驗」這名詞，他也是第一位明確地描述思想實驗的現代思想家。
生平
奥斯特生於丹麥朗厄蘭島上的一個小鎮魯茲克賓 。他的父親瑟倫·克里斯蒂安·奥斯特（）是一位藥劑師，在小鎮裏開了一個藥局。由於小鎮裏沒有正式學校，漢斯和弟弟，只能跟著鎮上教育水準較高的長輩學習各種各樣的知識。漢斯常常幫助父親在藥局裏工作，因此學會了一點基礎化學。雖然如此，他們都仍舊能夠以優等的成績通過哥本哈根大學的入學考試。安德斯想要從事律師行業，而漢斯則對文學和哲學具有濃厚的興趣。於1799年，漢斯得到博士學位，論文主題是《大自然形而上學的知識架構》。
畢業後，汉斯·奥斯特成為大學講師。另外，他還在一位醫學院教授的藥局做配藥師。1801年，汉斯·奥斯特得到一筆為期三年的遊學獎學金，可以出國遊學。他在德國遇到了物理學家，兩人成為莫逆之友。里特爾深信在電場與磁場之間，隱藏著一種物理關係。奥斯特覺得這點子蠻有意思。他開始朝這學術方向學習發展。奥斯特有教書的天分，他的講課廣受大眾歡迎。1806年，他任聘哥本哈根大學教授。他的研究領域是電學和聲學。在他的努力指導與推行之下，哥本哈根大學發展出一套完整的物理和化學課程，並且建立了一系列嶄新的實驗室。
1814年，奥斯特與 在哥本哈根共締良緣，共育有三男四女。
1820年，奥斯特意外地發現載流導線的電流會作用於磁針，使磁針改變方向，從此舉世聞名，得到很多獎章與榮譽。為了提升丹麥的科技水平，他於1829年創建了丹麥技術大學，並且任職為校長，一直到他往生。他埋葬於哥本哈根的 。
奥斯特一家在法律界和政治界都出人頭地，成就非凡。他的妹妹芭芭拉()的丈夫於1814年至1827年期間挪威最高法院首席大法官。弟弟安德斯在1853年至1854年期間任丹麦首相。
電磁現象
奧斯特是一位優秀的教授。每一個月，他都會準備一堂特別課程，專門講述最新的科學發展。有一次，在這特別課程之後的實驗示範時，他試著觀察載流導線的電流，是否會使指南針的磁針偏離其正常指向？剛開始，大家都沒有看出有甚麼不同。懷疑是否電流不夠大，他試著將電流的流量增大，立即，磁針改變了所指的方向。他和學生們都見證到這歷史的一刻。
那時，對於這奇異的現象，奧斯特並沒有給出任何令人滿意的解釋，他也沒有試著用數學的架構來表達這現象。經過幾個月的仔細檢驗以後，他正式發表了一篇，講述他的實驗結果，證明載流導線的電流會產生磁場
奧斯特的發現引起了整個歐洲物理學家的注意。每一位物理學家都聚焦於這驚人的發現。法國物理學家讓-巴蒂斯特·必歐和菲利克斯·沙伐也不例外。他們很快地找到了新的結果。同年，他們共同發表了必歐-沙伐定律。這定律精確地用方程式描述載流導線的電流所產生的磁場。還有，天才數學物理學家安德烈-瑪麗·安培也找到了一個方程式來描述兩條載流導線的電流彼此作用於對方的磁力。
鋁元素的發現
於 1825 年，奧斯特在化學領域又給出很重要的貢獻。他首先分離出鋁元素，雖然英國科學家漢弗里·戴維爵士那時已經製造出鋁鐵合金。奧斯特使用還原法將鋁元素從氯化鋁中分離出來。
物理文學
奧斯特的文筆甚佳，是一位小有名氣的科學作家和詩人。由於工作同仁和魔術家 乘駛汽球飛行於哥本哈根天空的壯舉，引發了奧斯特的創作靈感，因而寫出詩集《飛船》 () 。
榮譽
在CGS單位制裏，磁場的單位是奧斯特。這是為了追懷奧斯特在電磁學領域的貢獻。
倫敦皇家學會授予奧斯特 1820 年的科普利獎章。他又被遴選為法國科學院的通訊院士。
從 1950 年到 1970 年發行的一百丹麥克朗大鈔正面展示出奧斯特頭像的版畫。
為了紀念奧斯特，美國物理教師協會 () 特別設立了奧斯特獎章 () ，來獎勵優秀物理教師。丹麥發射於 1999 年的第一個人造衛星，就命名為奧斯特人造衛星。今天，哥本哈根大學化學系和數學系的大樓，也命名為漢斯·奧斯特學院 () 。
參閱
詹姆斯·馬克士威
麥可·法拉第
亞歷山卓·伏打
安培定律
參考文獻
Dibner, Bern, Oersted and the discovery of electromagnetism, New York, Blaisdell (1962).
Ole Immanuel Franksen, H. C. Ørsted - a man of the two cultures, Strandbergs Forlag, Birkerød, Denmark (1981). 這本書內部附有奧斯特的 1820 年論文《Experiments on the effect of a current of electricity on the magnetic needle》。
外部連結
國家高強度磁場實驗室網頁：奧斯特磁針實驗的互動教導小冊 。
科普利獎章獲得者
英國皇家學會院士
瑞典皇家科學院院士
化學元素發現者
電磁學
绅士科学家
丹麦物理学家
丹麥化學家
哥本哈根大學校友
磁学家
19世纪丹麦人
18世纪丹麦人 |
Steve Grubb (born 19 September 1968 from London) is an English professional darts player who plays in World Darts Federation events, he was nicknamed Grubby.
Career
Grubb fell two games short of qualifying for the 2006 World Matchplay, losing to Andy Hamilton who eventually qualified. He then fell one game short of qualifying for the 2007 PDC World Darts Championship. Having beaten Tom Kirby and Paul Williams, he lost in the final game to Wayne Atwood. In 2008, Grubb secured his best ever performance in the PDC Pro Tour, reaching the last 16 in the Players Championship in Las Vegas, beating David Fatum and Tony Ayres before losing to Mark Frost. Then reached the 1/4's in a pro tour event in Scotland losing a narrow game to Michael Van Gerwen.
Grubb made amends after missing out in the 2007 World Championship by claiming one of eight places for the 2009 PDC World Darts Championship, beating American Isen Veljic to qualify. He was drawn against number 1 seed Phil Taylor in the first round but lost the match 3-0.
He ran a Darts team in the Somerset Super League called Radstock where he played with close friend and 1992 World Champion runner-up Mike Gregory. He now runs the Wellington arms at rooks bridge and still plays in the Somerset super league.
Grubb rejoined the BDO in 2020 playing in the Las Vegas open, getting to the semifinal before losing narrowly to Harith Lim.
World Championship Results
PDC
2009: 1st Round (lost to Phil Taylor 0-3) (sets)
External links
Profile and stats on Darts Database
English darts players
Living people
1968 births
Professional Darts Corporation former tour card holders |
沙马拉达站（站牌上彝文站名写作/sha mat la dda，意为“杜鹃花盛开的山谷”）是一个成昆线上的铁路车站，位于四川省凉山彝族自治州喜德县沙马拉达乡火把村，建于1970年，目前为四等站，邮政编码为616755。目前车站仅办理客运业务，每日有一对慢车停靠，发送旅客10余人，最高时可达200多人。
概要
沙马拉达站所在的凉山高寒腹地平均海拔2478米（一说平均海拔2386米），车站的标高亦约有2200米，有10名工作人员驻守。车站设有3条股道，不设售票处、候车厅，所有旅客需上车补票。2019年当地政府投资1544万元人民币修建沙马拉达村往车站的公路，2021年完工。
车站上行方向为长6300米的沙木拉达隧道，由西昌工电段瓦祖工电综合整治工队负责维护。
事件
2006年4月25日零时30分，当地农民的日木干和阿西拉坡在沙马拉达车站爬上25431次货物列车，马海瓦苦、吉克尔洛计划在路边接应。当列车运行到永红1至5号隧道时，的日木干、阿西拉坡掀盗敞车上方的棉花包8捆。棉花包被掀盗后滚入轨道列车车轮上，导致该次货物列车15节车厢脱轨颠覆，造成成昆线中断运行69小时。日木干和、阿西拉坡后被以破坏交通设施罪各判处有期徒刑14年，剥夺政治权利4年；马海瓦苦、吉克尔洛以盗窃罪各判处有期徒刑2年，并处罚金人民币5000元。。
邻近车站
外部链接
参考资料
凉山州铁路车站
喜德县
1970年启用的铁路车站 |
药物性肝损伤算是肝炎吗？大家知道，我国主要的肝炎类型为病毒性肝炎，占我国总肝炎人数总量的半数以上。随着我国对病毒性肝炎的预防宣传逐渐深入，目前每年病毒性肝炎新增人数得到控制。但是，其他类型的肝炎数量却有升高趋势。药物性肝损伤，在非病毒性肝炎中占比可达到20%-50%，已成为不可忽视的公共问题。目前，我们日常可以接触到的药品以及保健品高达3000多种，其中的1000种使用不当可导致不同程度的药物性肝损伤。随着互联网以及我国医药行业的进一步开放，给普通疾病诊疗带来便利的同时，也增加了自我用药导致肝损伤的风险。所以，在日常生活中，我们应树立正确的用药观念，防止药物性肝损伤的发生。大家在日常用药中，应遵循以下几个原则。1、避免或减少私自用药：目前大大小小的药店随处可见，虽然店内均有指导医生，但是所购买药物容易存在成分重复的情况。如果单一损伤肝脏成分服用过量，可有导致肝损伤的风险。2、避免长期食用保健品：我国保健品品类繁多，虽然多数标注不含有药品，但是多数功能性保健品均含有微量的药品成分，长期服用存在导致肝损伤的风险。3、药物性肝损伤不分中西药：很多人认为中药没有毒性，不会导致各类的损伤，这种观念是错误的。研究表明，目前中药已经成为导致药物性肝损伤的主要原因之一。药物性肝损伤，不可忽视，但是我们也不能由于某种药物有导致药物性肝损伤的风险而不去服用。所以，在日常用药中，我们要谨遵医嘱，按时、按量去用药。如果某些药品标注有可能导致肝损伤，又不可避免要去服用，在用药期间需定期检查肝功能。 |
Kur Bolagh or Kurbolagh () may refer to:
Kur Bolagh, Ardabil
Kur Bolagh, East Azerbaijan
Kur Bolagh 1, Kermanshah Province
Kur Bolagh 2, Kermanshah Province
Kur Bolagh-e Patiabad, Kermanshah Province
Kur Bolagh, West Azerbaijan
See also
Kura Bolagh (disambiguation) |
遗传性凝血酶原缺乏的症状是什么？纯合型或复合杂合型的凝血酶原缺乏的患者相应于凝血酶产生障碍的严重程度，可以出现轻度到严重的出血。杂合子多数不表现出血症状，偶尔有轻微的临床出血表现。在绝大多数患者中，出血多发生在创伤之后，黏膜出血最为常见，而关节出血有时也可以发生。凝血酶原缺乏患者中最常出现的严重出血症状是关节出血和肌肉血肿，虽然在血浆中仍然可以检测到凝血酶原，但是，在一部分患者仍然可能因为出血而造成肌肉萎缩。少数患者可能发生胃肠道出血或颅内出血。有部分患儿可能发生致命性的脐带出血。虽然在凝血酶原缺乏患者中常见鼻出血和月经过多，但是，多数并不严重。尚没有产后大出血的病例报道，在没有进行预防性替代治疗的患者中进行包括拔牙或包皮环切在内的手术常可导致大出血的发生。凝血酶原缺乏的诊断需要对凝血酶原的活性和抗原检查、病史和家系的研究。在遗传性凝血酶原缺乏的诊断作出之前，一定要排除由于肝病、华法林过量等造成的维生素K缺乏相关的继发性凝血酶原缺乏。通过详细的体格检查、病史分析和实验室检查就可以将两者区分开。 |
埃尔坎盖姆利斯（，；）是法国上法蘭西大區北部省的一个市镇，位于该省中部偏西北，属于里尔区和里尔欧洲都会区。
地理
埃尔坎盖姆利斯（）面积，位于法国上法蘭西大區北部省，该省份为法国最北部的省份及最长的省份，西北濒北海，西接加来海峡省，南至埃纳省和索姆省，东与比利时接壤。
与埃尔坎盖姆利斯接壤的市镇（或旧市镇、城区）包括：。
埃尔坎盖姆利斯的时区为UTC+01:00、UTC+02:00（夏令时）。
行政
埃尔坎盖姆利斯的邮政编码为，INSEE市镇编码为。
政治
埃尔坎盖姆利斯所属的省级选区为。
人口
埃尔坎盖姆利斯于时的人口数量为人。
参见
诺尔省市镇列表
参考文献
诺尔省市镇
里尔欧洲都会区市镇 |
This is a list of members of the Parliament of Albania following the outcome of the parliamentary election of 2009.
Berat County
Dibër County
Durrës County
Elbasan County
Fier County
Gjirokastër County
Korçë County
Kukës County
Lezhë County
Shkodër County
Tirana County
Vlorë County
Replaced members
1. Ferdinand Xhaferraj resigned for candidature for Durrës at the Albanian local elections in 2011. He was replaced by Ndriçim Babasi.
2. Lulzim Basha resigned for candidature for Tirana at the Albanian local elections in 2011. He was replaced by Kosta Barka.
3. Fatos Tushe resigned for candidature for Lushnje at the Albanian local elections in 2011. He was replaced by Arion Muçaj.
4. Gjok Jaku resigned for candidature for Lezha at the Albanian local elections in 2011. He was replaced by Ndrec Deda.
5. Gëzim Dibra died during office, for that reason he is replaced by Ramiz Çobaj.
6. Adrian Kollozi resigned for candidature for Vlorë at the Albanian local elections in 2011. He was replaced by Aurel Bylykbashi.
7. Rudina Seseri resigned
References
Albanian Parliament list
2009
Albania |
（学名：Neobarbara）是卷蛾科花小卷蛾族下的一个属。这是一个根据一个单独种而建立的属。
下属物种
本属包括以下物种：
青海云杉小卷蛾 Neobarbara olivacea Liu & Nasu, 1993
参考文献
Y
Y |
季謝維奇（），是烏克蘭的村落，位於該國西部赫梅利尼茨基州，由伊賈斯拉夫區負責管轄，面積0.86平方公里，海拔高度266米，2001年人口233，人口密度每平方公里270.3人。
參考資料
Хмельницька обласна рада. Ізяславський район. Паспорт територіальної громади Тишевицької сільської ради (doc)
Погода в селі Тишевичі
赫梅利尼茨基州村落
伊賈斯拉夫區村落 |
口涩的诊断是什么？常见人群：神经官能症或通宵未眠者容易患有口涩现象，有些恶性肿瘤，尤其到晚期，多有味觉苦涩。 |
颌骨关节痛的原因是什么？颞下颌关节(耳朵和下巴之间突出部分)功能紊乱是由于外伤,劳损以及无菌性炎症等原因引起的。 |
The History and Public Policy Program (HAPP) is a program at the Woodrow Wilson Center.
Overview
The HAPP strives to make public the primary source record of 20th and 21st century international history from repositories around the world, to facilitate scholarship based on those records, and to use these materials to provide context for classroom, public, and policy debates on global affairs.
Projects
The HAPP builds on the pioneering work of the Cold War International History Project in the archives of the former communist world, but seeks to move beyond integrating historical documents into the scholarly discourse.
The HAPP coordinates advanced research on diplomatic history (through the work of the Cold War International History Project); regional security issues (through its North Korea International Documentation Project); nuclear history (through its Nuclear Proliferation International History Project); and global military and security issues such as its work on the history of the Warsaw Pact and European Security (with European Studies at the Wilson Center).
Archive
The HAPP's Digital Archive contains once-secret documents from governments all across the globe, uncovering new sources and providing fresh insights into the history of international relations and diplomacy.
Cooperation
The HAPP operates in partnership with governmental and non-governmental institutions and partners in the US and throughout the world to foster openness, transparency, and dialogue. In cooperation with the American Historical Association's National History Center, the HAPP hosts the Washington History Seminar, a weekly in-depth discussion of important new historical research and perspectives in international and national affairs.
References
External links
The Wilson Center's Digital Archive
History organizations based in the United States
Cold War
Nuclear proliferation |
韦科·伊尔马里·帕卡里宁（，），芬兰男子竞技体操运动员。他曾获得1932年1936年夏季奥运会体操比赛男子团体全能铜牌。他于1987年在澳大利亚黄金海岸去世。
参考资料
芬兰男子体操运动员
芬兰奥运体操运动员
1932年夏季奥林匹克运动会体操运动员
1936年夏季奥林匹克运动会体操运动员
1932年夏季奧林匹克運動會獎牌得主
1936年夏季奧林匹克運動會獎牌得主
奧林匹克運動會體操獎牌得主
芬蘭奧林匹克運動會銅牌得主 |
廉斯嘉（），（，，），2018年8月間作為韓國fent旗下女團FANATICS成員之一出道。2021年9月24日，與FENT解除合約，退團並退社。
中国女藝人、女演员，出生于中華人民共和國，三歲開始僑居日本。
出道前曾在JYPE當過練習生。
2018年8月6日，以FANATICS成員出道
2021年9月24日，開通了個人微博帳號，並說明「新的旅程，新的開始」，退出組合。斯嘉之個人影片也從組合FANATICS官方YouTube頻道移除。
2022年8月，參加綜藝節目《聲聲如夏花》。 [5]
2023年1月1日，參加《夏花新年音樂會》演出。 |
This article contains lists of rural localities in Russia, organized by federal subject. The federal subjects of Russia are the constituent entities of Russia, its top-level political divisions according to the Constitution of Russia. Under the classification system for inhabited locations in Russia, a rural locality is one of a number of types of rural settlements, including villages, selos, stanitsas, slobodas, khutors, pochinoks, and other local variations.
List of localities
References
Lists of places in Russia |
疤痕形成的原因是什么？疤痕形成是机体创伤修复的必然产物，当机体组织特别是皮肤组织受到一定深度的损伤后，创面先出现炎症反应，白细胞、巨噬细胞、肥大细胞等浸润，释放出多种细胞因子(生长因子)，成纤维细胞和肌成纤维细胞大量增生并合成大量的胶原和基质，造成胶原代谢与排列的异常，异常基质的沉着，加上微循环和自由基因素的影响，促进了疤痕的形成。一般认为疤痕的形成是由于机体炎症反应，胶原的合成与降解不平衡、异常粘多糖的出现以及肌成纤维细胞的增生所造成。增生性疤痕中淋巴回流减少，局部水肿，可导致疤痕的肥厚。 |
瑞典南極遠征（）是於1901年至1904年由奧托·努登舍爾德和卡爾·安東·拉森所率領的瑞典遠征行動。
背景
瑞典地質學家暨地理學家奧托·努登舍爾德組織並領導這次南極半島遠征，卡爾·安東·拉森為南極號船長，且有7名科學家及16名船員同行。1901年10月16日，南極號離開哥特堡，前往南極。
儘管航海過程艱辛且結局並不理想，但仍被視為是一次成功的科學行動。他們探索了許多地方，像是：葛拉漢地東部、渴望角、詹姆斯羅斯島、茹安維爾島和帕默群島等。此次遠征也收集了珍貴的地理和海洋生物樣本，使奧托·努登舍爾德獲得了崇高的名聲，但也造成他負債累累。
兩座島嶼分別和此次遠征有密切關係。一是斯諾希爾島，諾登斯基爾德和五名夥伴在島上度過了兩年冬天。另一座是保萊特島，1903年2月至1903年11月，因南極號沉沒而受困之處。
斯諾希爾島
1901年，在前往斯諾希爾島的途中，諾登斯基爾德先經過阿根廷布宜諾斯艾利斯，獲得阿根廷政府資助補給品和其他援助，包括年輕的阿根廷中尉何塞·瑪麗亞·索布拉爾。索布拉爾和藝術家法蘭克·威爾伯特·斯托克斯與諾登斯基爾德在斯諾希爾島度過了兩年時光，索布拉爾成為第一位在南極洲過冬的人。也許是因為這位阿根廷中尉的緣故，阿根廷政府後來於1903年派出烏拉圭號援救所有落難的遠征隊員。
保萊特島
在船撞上浮冰漂流25英里沉沒後，20名隊員乘救生艇登上此島，並搭建了雙層厚的石棚屋避難，該棚屋至今仍佇立於該地。除了僅存的船上補給品外，它們也獵殺企鵝與獲取鳥蛋維生。
參考文獻
Antarctica. Sydney: Reader's Digest, 1985, pp. 152–159.
Child, Jack. Antarctica and South American Geopolitics: Frozen Lebensraum. New York: Praeger Publishers, 1988, pp. 69, 72.
Lonely Planet, Antarctica: a Lonely Planet Travel Survival Kit, Oakland, CA: Lonely Planet Publications, 1996, p. 302.
Stewart, Andrew, Antarctica: An Encyclopedia. London: McFarland and Co., 1990 (2 volumes).
U.S. National Science Foundation, Geographic Names of the Antarctic, Fred G. Alberts, ed. Washington: NSF, 1980.
延伸閱讀
奧托·努登舍爾德 Antarctica: or, Two years amongst the ice of the South Pole (Macmillan. 1905)
外部連結
Antarctic Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901 - 1904
Nordenskjöld's Antarctic Expedition
Map of the area explored by the expedition
2002 revisit the sites of the 1902 Expedition
瑞典歷史
南極探險英雄年代
南極遠征 |
Kings Creek Falls, located near Long Creek, South Carolina, is a waterfall in the Oconee District of the Sumter National Forest. Kings Creek is a tributary of the Chatooga River, and the falls are located off a short spur from the Foothills Trail. It is located in the extreme Northwest of the state, near the Ellicott Rock Wilderness Area and the Georgia state line.
References
Waterfalls of South Carolina
Protected areas of Oconee County, South Carolina
Sumter National Forest
Landforms of Oconee County, South Carolina |
龟头做活检要缝针吗？龟头炎是一种男科疾病，这种疾病对一些男性的身体健康带来危害，这种疾病因各种病原体感染、局部刺激等引发发的疾病。包皮龟头炎是由于报批过长、自身免疫力低下、交叉感染、间接传播等有可能造成感染，很容易上行感染到尿道、前列腺等部位引发炎症，增加治疗的难度。龟头炎疾病的检查一、检查化验念珠菌性龟头炎（包皮炎）可在病变的龟头、包皮上取材镜检或培养可找到念珠菌。滴虫性龟头炎可在分泌物上找到滴虫。二、直接镜检刮取阴茎龟头、冠状沟或包皮处皮损表面鳞屑作为待检标本。将待检标本用10%氢氧化钾或生理盐水制片，镜下可见成群的卵圆形孢子和假菌丝，如找到较多的假菌丝时，说明念珠菌处于致病阶段。三、染色检查也可用革兰染色法，刚果红染色或PAS染色法染色后镜检，其阳性率均比直接镜检法高。革兰染色，孢子和假菌丝染成兰色：刚果红和PAS染色，孢子和假菌丝则染成红色。四、分离培养涂片检查阴性的患者，可进行念珠菌培养。在无菌条件下将受检标本接种于沙氏培养基上，接种时将试管培养基斜而割破少许，每管接种2-3处，每份标本接种2管。将培养基放入37℃温箱内孵育24-48小时后观察，可见大量乳白色菌落生长，用接种针挑取少量菌落涂片，直接镜检或染色后镜检，可见大量芽孢子，可初步诊断为念珠菌感染。5.念珠菌抗体检查：用免疫双扩法或胶乳凝法可检出白色念珠菌抗体。预防龟头炎要坚持3个准则1、坚持锻炼每日坚持锻炼不仅能预防龟头炎的发生，因为只要自身免疫力上去了，甚至能达到预防所有疾病的效果，所以男性要在日常生活中多运动提高抵抗力可以帮助男性预防龟头炎的发生。2、注意个人卫生每天要清洗龟头和包皮，假如包皮过长或患有包茎要及时进行治疗，假如出现包皮垢滋生细菌及时清洗，必要时作包皮环切术。另外还要经常洗澡，勤换内衣。3、避免不洁性交这点男性要注意，因女性的阴道里面容易有细菌，性交时要做好防护措施。 |
庄映（），原名虔昕，字映西，男，山东莒南人，中国作曲家，曾任中国音乐家协会理事。
参考资料
Yin
莒南人
中国共产党党员 (1938年入党)
中华人民共和国作曲家
中国音乐家协会理事 |
替米沙坦的副作用有哪些?？替米沙坦的副作用与其他血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂相若，包括早博及心博过缓，以及过敏反应。 |
磨损作用 (牙科)是什么?？磨损作用，导致牙齿结构脱落。外来元素包括牙刷、牙签、牙线等。 |
王府街道可以指： |
70多岁子宫脱垂三度怎么办？子宫脱垂是指子宫从正常位置沿阴道下降，宫颈外口达坐骨棘水平以下，甚至子宫全部脱出于阴道口以外，常合并有阴道前壁和(或)后壁膨出，阴道前后壁又与膀胱、直肠相邻，因此子宫脱垂还可同时伴有膀胱尿道和直肠膨出，子宫脱垂与支持子宫的各韧带松弛及骨盆底托力减弱有关，因此多见于多产、营养不良和体力劳动的妇女，发病率为1%~4%。子宫脱垂分为三度，70多岁子宫脱垂三度是最严重的程度，需要手术治疗，其他治疗，是没有效果的，根据子宫脱垂的病因、病情严重程度、有无其他周围脏器膨出、有无生育要求等各方面条件，选择适当的手术方式，包括缩短松弛的主韧带、缩短耻骨膀胱宫颈筋膜、缝合耻骨尾骨肌裂隙等，以达到恢复正常解剖及其功能的目的;治疗原则是加强盆底肌肉和筋膜张力，促进盆底功能恢复，积极治疗使腹压增高的咳嗽便秘等慢性疾病;其他治疗包括子宫托治疗，能自行掌握，但重症子宫脱垂、阴道过度松弛者不宜用;一般经积极治疗，无明显不良预后。70多岁子宫脱垂三度的病因主要是：1、卵巢功能减退，导致雌激素分泌减少，使盆底支持组织变得薄弱、松弛，易发生子宫脱垂，或使原来的脱垂程度加重。2、营养不良，营养严重缺乏可导致肌肉萎缩、盆腔内筋膜松弛，失去对子宫的支持作用。3、腹压增加，长期慢性咳嗽、便秘或排便用力等都可使腹压增加，促使子宫脱垂。70多岁子宫脱垂三度，在日常护理上，需要注意适当休息，避免重体力劳动;避免长期站立或下蹲、屏气等增加腹压的动作;在饮食调理上，需要注意多吃海藻类的食物，其中海藻类食品包括发菜、紫菜、海带、海白菜、裙带菜等，海藻含矿物质最多的是钙、铁、钠、镁、磷、碘等。 |
请描述动脉硬化性闭塞症的病理生理？本病的病理进展过程有如下特征：（1）通常起始于动脉，然后可累及静脉，一般由远端向近端进展。（2）病变呈节段性分布，两段之间血管比较正常。（3）活动期为血管全层非化脓性炎症，有内皮细胞和成纤维细胞增生；淋巴细胞浸润，中性粒细胞浸润较少，偶见巨细胞；管腔被血栓堵塞。（4）后期，炎症消退，血栓机化，有新生毛细血管形成。动脉周围有广泛纤维组织形成．常包埋静脉和神经。（5）虽然有侧支循环逐渐建立，但不足以代偿，因而神经、肌和骨骼等均可出现缺血性改变。静脉受累时的病理变化与动脉大体相同。 |
The Dogra–Tibetan War or Sino-Sikh War was fought from May 1841 to August 1842, between the forces of the Dogra nobleman Gulab Singh of Jammu, under the suzerainty of the Sikh Empire, and those of Tibet, under the protectorate of the Qing dynasty. Gulab Singh's commander was the able general Zorawar Singh Kahluria, who, after the conquest of Ladakh, attempted to extend its boundaries in order to control the trade routes into Ladakh. Zorawar Singh's campaign, suffering from the effects of inclement weather, suffered a defeat at Taklakot (Purang) and Singh was killed. The Tibetans then advanced on Ladakh. Gulab Singh sent reinforcements under the command of his nephew Jawahir Singh. A subsequent battle near Chushul in 1842 led to a Tibetan defeat. A treaty was signed in 1842 maintaining the status quo ante bellum.
Background
Ladakh trade
In the 19th century, Ladakh was the hub of trade routes that branched out into Turkestan and Tibet. Its trade with Tibet was governed by the 1684 Treaty of Tingmosgang, by which Ladakh had the exclusive right to receive the pashmina wool produced in Tibet. The world-renowned Kashmir shawl industry received its pashm wool supplies from Ladakh.
Political environment
In the early 1800s, the Kashmir Valley and the adjoining Jammu region were part of the Sikh Empire. But the Dogras of Jammu were virtually autonomous under the rule of Raja Gulab Singh, who was positioning himself to take control of Kashmir and all the surrounding areas after the passing of Sikh monarch Maharaja Ranjit Singh. In 1834, Gulab Singh sent his ablest general and Kishtwar governor, Zorawar Singh, to take control of all the territory between Jammu and the Tibet border. By 1840, Ladakh and Baltistan were firmly under Dogra control, subject to the suzerainty of the Sikh Empire.
The British East India Company was the predominant power in the Indian subcontinent at the time. It treaed the Sikh Empire as a valuable ally against the Afghans, but it also had designs for its own pashmina trade with Tibet. Zorawar Singh's conquest of Ladakh broke the Kashmiri–Ladakhi monopoly on Tibet trade, and the Tibetan pashmina wool started finding its way into British territory. To regain the monopoly, Gulab Singh and Zorawar Singh turned their eyes towards Tibet.
From the early 18th century, Tibet had been under the suzerainty the Manchu-led Qing dynasty. A Qing Amban (Resident) was statioinend in Lhasa to report on the affairs of Tibet.
Dogra invasion of Tibet
Zorawar Singh led a 4,000 men-strong force consisting of Ladakhis, Baltis and Kishtwaris with a Dogra core. The Tibetan estimate was 6,000 men. They were armed with guns and cannon whereas the Tibetans were mostly armed with bows, swords and spears.
Zorawar Singh divided his forces into three divisions, sending one via the Rupshu and Hanle, one along the Indus valley towards Tashigang (Zhaxigang) and another along the Pangong lake towards Rudok (Rutog). The first two contingents plundered the Buddhist monasteries at Hanle and Tashigang. The third division, commanded by Zorawar Singh, captured Rudok and then moved south, joining the other branches to attack Gartok.
The Tibetan border officials had, by then, sent an alert to Lhasa. The Tibetan government dispatched a force under the command of cabinet minister Pellhün. Meanwhile, Zorawar Singh had captured Gartok as well as Taklakot (Burang) near Nepal border. The Tibetan general at Taklakot was unable to hold the town and retreated to the Mayum La, the border between Western and Central Tibet.
Zorawar Singh invoked the historical claims of Ladakh to Western Tibet up to the Mayum Pass (originally called Ngari), which were exercised prior to the 1648 Treaty of Tingmosgang.
All the captured forts were garrisoned, while the main force was encamped at Tirthapuri near Minsar, to the west of Lake Manasarovar. Administration was set up to rule the occupied territories. Minsar (also called Missar or Menshi), a Ladakhi enclave in Western Tibet, was used to store supplies.
The Chinese Amban at Lhasa reported to the emperor on 2 September 1841:
British and Nepalese reactions
The Dogra conquest of Ladakh had been previously advantageous to the British. The disturbances in Ladakh caused the Tibetan shawl wool to be diverted to the princely state of Bushahr, a British dependency. But, now with the Dogra conquest of the Western Tibet, this trade was disrupted. The advance of Zorawar Singh's troops gave rise to vociferous complaints from the British to the Lahore durbar of the Sikh Empire. It was also reported that Zorawar Singh was exacting taxes from Bhotias under British protection in the Byans valley. The British demanded that this should be immediately stopped and the villagers already assessed should be compensated.
Added to these concerns was the possibility of intercourse between the Dogras and the Nepalese, with might have encircled British territory in Kumaon and Garhwal. But such a relationship did not materialise. The Nepalese were sympathetic to the Ladakhis and they also had ongoing relationships with the Tibetans. Even though they sent a mission to Zorawar Singh after his conquest of Taklakot, nothing further came out of it. Winter sojourn to the Dogras was refused.
Nevertheless, the British were apprehensive. The Governor General brought heavy pressure on the Sikhs to recall Zorawar Singh from Tibet, and set 10 December 1841 as the deadline.
Winter debacle
Fisher et al. state that, with the winter approaching, the Dogras were not inimical to withdrawing in strength if they could make a deal with the Tibetans. But they appear to have made too high demands for the Tibetans to accept. Sukhdev Singh Charak states that the Lahore Durbar responded to the British demands and ordered Zorawar Singh to return to Ladakh. In response, Zorawar Singh withdrew officers and troops from "advance posts" and from the British border, and promised to carry out the rest of the withdrawal after the snows cleared. Charak opines that these military movements, made to appease the British, weakened Zorawar Singh's position.
Tibetan reinforcements arrived in November in considerable numbers. Alexander Cunningham estimated 10,000 troops. The Mayum Pass was covered with snow, but the troops bypassed it via Matsang. After severe fighting, Taklakot was retaken on 9 November 1841. Detachments were sent forward to cut Dogra communication lines. Reconnaissance missions sent by Zorawar Singh were annihilated.
Eventually, Zorawar Singh decided to risk everything in an all-out campaign to recapture Taklakot. Fighting raged indecisively for three weeks. In an attempt to cut the supply lines of the Tibetan forces at Taklakot, Zorawar Singh's forces marched on a side route from Minsar, along the upper course of the Karnali River, and encamped at Kardung (Kardam). Tibetans calculated that they intended to intercept the supply line at a place called Do-yo slightly to the north of Taklakot. According to the Tibetan report from the battlefield:
Zorawar Singh was wounded in the battle, but he continued to fight with a sword. He was beheaded by Tibetan soldiers. Three hundred of the Dogra troops were killed in combat and about seven hundred were captured. The rest fled to Ladakh. The Tibetans pursued them up to Dumra (Nubra Valley, possibly Durbuk), a day's journey from Leh, where they encamped.
Tibetan invasion of Ladakh
The Sino-Tibetan force then mopped up the other garrisons of the Dogras and advanced on Ladakh, now determined to conquer it and add it to the Imperial Chinese dominions. However the force under Mehta Basti Ram withstood a siege for several weeks at Chi-T’ang before escaping with 240 men across the Himalayas to the British post of Almora. Within Ladakh the Sino-Tibetan army laid siege to Leh, when reinforcements under Diwan Hari Chand and Wazir Ratnu arrived from Jammu and repulsed them. The Tibetan fortifications at Drangtse were flooded when the Dogras dammed up the river. On open ground, the Chinese and Tibetans were chased to Chushul. The climactic Battle of Chushul (August 1842) was won by the Dogras who killed the Tibetan army's general to avenge the death of Zorawar Singh.
Peace treaty
On 17 September 1842, a peace treaty was agreed in Leh between the Dogras and the Tibetans, executed by an exchange of notes.
The Tibetan note, incorporating the concessions made by the Dogras, was handed to Gulab Singh's representatives. The Persian note, describing the Tibetan concessions, was presented to the Tibetan officials. The terms were also summarised in the Ladakh Chronicles as follows. Tibet recognised that Ladakh was annexed to the Sikh Empire. And the Sikh Empire relinquished the ancient Ladakhi claim to western Tibet. Both the sides would remain within their own territories. Biennial Lopchak missions would go on as before. Ladakhi merchants would be allowed to travel to Rudok, Gartok and other places in Tibet and the Tibetan merchants from Chang Thang would be allowed to go to Ladakh.
The texts of the notes also state that the "old, established frontiers" between Ladakh and Tibet would be respected. The Ladakhi king and queen were to be allowed to live in Ladakh peacefully, and it is the Ladakhi king that would send the biennial Lopchak missions to Lhasa rather than the Dogra regime. All trade between the two regions was to be conducted according to "old, established custom". According to some sources, since the treaty between Gulab Singh and the Tibetans did not bind the former's suzerain, a supplementary treaty with similar provisions was concluded between the Governor of Kashmir (representing the Sikh Empire in Lahore) and officials from Lhasa in the name of their suzerain, the Emperor of China.
The treaty came into discussion in the 1960s in the context of the Sino-Indian border dispute. The Indian government used the treaty to counter the Chinese contention that the border between Ladakh and Tibet had never been delimited. The Indian position was that the reference to "old, established frontiers" meant that the border had been delimited. The Chinese argued that, even if it had been delimited, there is no guarantee that it was the same as the Indian claimed boundary.
See also
Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal War
Nepalese–Tibetan War
Sino-Nepalese War
Tibet under Qing rule
Sino-Indian War
Nathu La and Cho La clashes
Notes
References
Citations
Sources
External links
Presumed attack route of Zorawar Singh: along a tributary and Ghaghara
Presumed Tibetan supply route
1840s in Tibet
1841 in China
1842 in China
1841 in India
1842 in India
Battles involving the Rajputs
Battles involving the Sikh Confederacy
Conflicts in 1841
Conflicts in 1842
Dogra
History of Kashmir
History of Ladakh
Invasions of Tibet
Wars involving the Qing dynasty
Wars involving Tibet |
William Vivanco (born October 6, 1975, in Santiago de Cuba) is a Cuban composer and musician. Vivanco learned to play guitar by visiting Casa de la Trova on Calle Heredia in Santiago de Cuba. He busked in the streets and performed with a professional children's choir.
Vivanco first came to Havana when he was 23 years old. He made his first solo album, Lo Tengo To' Pensa'o, a mix of Brazilian music, pop, and reggae, under the Bis Music label in 2002. His most well-known song is "Cimarrón" (meaning "one who lives on mountaintops"). The song refers to African slaves who ran away from their Spanish masters.
In 2006, Vivanco recorded his second solo album, La Isla Milagrosa, produced by Descemer Bueno and Roberto Carcassés. As of recent, Vivanco's music style has emulated the traditional music of Santiago de Cuba as opposed to pop and funk styles.
Vivanco has performed at the Les Transmusicales de Rennes Festival (2003), Paleo Festival de Nyon (2004) and Les Nuits du Sud festival in Vence, France (2005) as well as the night of Les Nuits de Fourvière in Cuba.
Discography
2002: Lo Tengo To' Pensa'o
2006: La Isla Milagrosa
2009: El Mundo Está Cambia'o
2016: Mejorana
2018: La isla milagrosa (Remasterizado)
2020: Trece Con Magia
References
Video interview of William Vivanco on Havana-Cultura
External links
http://www.planete-aurora.com/en-vivanco/a.php
https://www.nme.com/video/id/kYyewB0iMyc/search/vivanco
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x4by5d_william-vivanco-el-pilon_music
https://web.archive.org/web/20100329045703/http://www.cubaabsolutely.com/music/contemporary.htm
Cuban composers
Male composers
Cuban male singer-songwriters
Cuban singer-songwriters
1975 births
Living people
Cuban male musicians |
Ahsan Habib Khan is a Bangladeshi retired Bangladesh Army Brigadier General and one of the four incumbent Election Commissioners of Bangladesh. After retiring from the army, he served as vice-chairman of the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC).
Career
Khan retired from Bangladesh Army in 2013 with the rank of Brigadier General. During his military career, he served as the Director General of the Spectrum Division of the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission.
From 2014 to 2017, Khan was the Vice-Chairperson of Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission. During his tenure the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission cracked down on usage of illegally imported cell phones.
Bangladesh Tariqat Federation proposed his name to selection committee for the Election Commission. On 26 February 2022, Khan was appointed an Election Commissioner.
He also served as Director General (DG) of bangladesh National Cadet Corp (BNCC) from 02 jan 2005 to 30 sep 2007.
References
Living people
Bangladesh Army brigadiers
Election Commissioners of Bangladesh
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Chetogaster is a genus of bristle flies in the family Tachinidae.
Species
Chetogaster argentifera Malloch, 1936
Chetogaster auriceps Paramonov, 1968
Chetogaster canberrae Paramonov, 1954
Chetogaster oblonga (Macquart, 1847)
Chetogaster violacea Macquart, 1851
Chetogaster viridis Malloch, 1936
References
Diptera of Australasia
Tachinidae genera
Dexiinae
Taxa named by Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart |
郭幼明（），唐朝华州郑县人，太子詹事郭敬之之子，郭子仪的母弟。
郭幼明性情恭谨愿无过，不尚武艺，喜宾客宴饮，居家御众，很得大家的欢心。以哥哥郭子仪的勋业，官至大卿监、少府监，封太原公。大历八年（773年）去世，赠太子太傅。
子
郭煦，鴻臚少卿
郭暅
郭昕，檢校左僕射、磧西節度
郭晧，兼殿中侍御史
郭晫
参考文献
《旧唐书》卷120 列传第70
《新唐书》卷74 宰相世系表
《新唐书》卷137 列传第62
唐朝少府监
唐朝郡公
唐朝追赠太子太傅
华州人
Y |
普拉喀桑縣是印度的一個縣，位於該國東南部，由安得拉邦負責管轄，面積17,626平方公里，海拔高度100米，2011年人口3,659,423，人口密度每平方公里174人。
外部連結
Official site
安得拉邦辖县 |
女性直肠炎早期症状有哪些？最为常见的病因是直肠内异物损伤。未消化的骨片、木片或其他带有锐利角的各种异物可直接损伤直肠黏膜而发生直肠炎。此外，严重便秘时的坚硬粪块，可引起直肠炎甚或溃疡。中毒与感染:重金属（汞、砷等）中毒或者发生以胃肠道损伤为主要特征的传染病时，常常并发直肠炎。局部炎症刺激:长期局部炎症刺激如慢性细菌感染、阿米巴痢疾、慢性非特异性溃疡性结肠炎等。性病所致:不洁性交，使肛门部患了尖锐湿疣或乳头状纤维瘤，长期摩擦刺激，可引起直肠炎变。免疫功能异常人体免疫功能调节异常可引发慢性非特异性溃疡性结肠炎、克罗恩病等。痔疮、肛瘘、肛裂、化脓性汗腺炎、毛囊炎等长期刺激肛门皮肤，也可累及直肠下段引起炎变。血吸虫感染:直肠黏膜长期受沉积虫卵刺激，产生坏死、脱落，从而导致炎变。常见症状有：消化道症状常呈现间断性腹部隐痛、腹胀、腹痛、腹泻为本病主要表现。遇冷、进油腻之物或遇情绪波动、或劳累后尤着。大便次数增加，日行几次或数十余次，肛门下坠，大便不爽。慢性肠炎急性发作时，可见高热、腹部绞痛、恶心呕吐、大便急迫如水或粘冻血便。全身症状呈慢性消耗症状，面色不华精神不振，少气懒言，四肢乏力，喜温怕冷。如在急性炎症期，除发热外，可见失水、酸中毒或休克出血表现。体征方面直肠炎也会导致人的体征出现变化。慢性上腹部不适或下腹部疼痛，查体可见腹部，肚脐以下腹部为主，有轻度压痛，肠鸣音亢进，脱肛。研究证实在重压的情况下会引起肠内壁的发炎，可能会引起发炎性肠道疾病。少食多餐：为减轻肠道负担，以少食多餐的方式补充营养摄入量。避免受凉，控制情绪。 |
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